ty iar or . Yeti VI: ZL LLL ii Yieg & See, 7 eo “ A a 4 ied LCS SALE oy y Sy oy 5 Lip ae S Yee 4 Oy , . . Ae ar | Peet . ah ee “A UU t 4 STATE OF NEW YORK FOURTH ANNUAL REPORT OF THE CONSERVATION COMMISSION i DIVISIONS OF LANDS AND FORESTS AND FISH AND GAME we & Ur cs 2, \ > JAN 30 ms ‘ $ \ tRRAAS 8. ‘ | ‘Onal mus8o7 ALBANY J. B. LYON COMPANY, PRINTERS 1915 FOURTH ANNUAL REPORT OF THE CONSERVATION COMMISSION 1914 Axsany, N. Y., January 15, 1915 Hon. Epwarp Scuorneck, Lreutenant Governor: Hon. Tuappevus ©. Sweet, Speaker of the Assembly: GENTLEMEN.— Herewith in accordance with law we transmit _ to the Legislature our Fourth Annual Report. Respectfully yours, CONSERVATION COMMISSION By ALBERT E. HOYT Secretary to the Commission STATE OF NEW YORK CONSERVATION COMMISSION GrorcE HE. Van Kennen, Ogdensburg Joun DD. Moorm, New: York). 2.02... Commissioners Parerex HMc@ann: Albany. aie Jams). ox (Brooklymay to Aen Ta aituy Deputy Commissioner Arereo hi hova, Albamys ie vai 1 Secretary to Commission JOLIN VOM OM ARR RTE! TRO iO, ce aise ia MT anual a Assistant Secretary RicnARney. Sumruan Mitied es nen, Chief Engineer Mattuew H. Hoover, Lockport........ Chief of Publication FOURTH ANNUAL REPORT OF THE CONSERVATION COMMISSION 1914 TRANSMITTED TO THE LEGISLATURE JANUARY 15, 1915 bee es as Mee i iy OUTLINE OF TOPICS DISCUSSED CONSERVATION VIRTUALLY SELF-SUPPORTING. bd ae Pek Spang Soha! ain 24 ab wee 10 The Conservation Commission for the past fiscal. year turned into the State Treasury $381,000. The commercial value of the product of State fish hatcheries and game farm was $215,000. Total, $596,000; total departmental expenditures, $640,000. I THINGS ACHIEVED AGP NG APTOMATOR CHES Bawa ND Gy AMET el Uaihi a Sle, aN oy I RTS SIS kde 11 The average annual output of State fish hatcheries, 191114, was 821,420,- 366; in 1907-10 it was 428,187,476. PT GTEEBNG ORNS T? GUTS (70. Weenie SoU) bale she BUNS lea AR Oo Cubs iS ee ace 12 A chain of mountain Ghesavetion stations, equipped with telephone, detects fires at their inception. There are 51 of these stations, two and one-half times as many as prior to 1911, when the Conservation Commis- sion was created. New Jersey, inadequately equipped with mountain sta- tions, had 200,000 acres, a tenth of its protected forest area, burned last fall. Hs er Or, BURNING LOCOMOTIVES REQUIRED. 02. ../.2 gic .erclee eee eee ee 15 Order of 1909 reaffirmed by the Public Service Commission last March. IPREVENTABES. PIRES i. ccucec ss Sh cb tane seen so sate SN BER CAI ght re era Oot | Ltd, 16 Hundreds of forest fires caused by carelessness of smokers, fishermen, campers and hunters each year. CONSERVATION IN Hoty WRIT Reece het ed ACETONE Soin cer Mies arom ct At. Saye) chs 16 New YorkK’s ForREST DOMAIN: FOREST REPRODUCTION..... ee ey, eke 17 Trees planted on State land for the past four years number about one and one-half times the total so planted for eight years prior to 1911. Trees supplied for reforestation of private lands 1911-14, 10,000,000, about four times the total supplied for that purpose in all the years prior to 1911. Young trees now in State nurseries, 32,900,000, of which 10,000,000 are available for 1915 planting. CupnA RESERVOIR ...... G Bop eS hee Sie ge Pee eee Wine ee a ee 18 ENSPASS. ON SPATE WAND. 2:s5(2-c.ce ap ee. cos 2S IGE ead bebe Serene mag it Ste ata 18 Less than $200 worth of timber was removed by trespass in 1914. Determined enforcement of the law and its penalties has made deliberate theft of forest timber practically a thing of the past. ee BEN CE ESET A NUD» Moy AMUN Ovens Se UN oh oC ene are Neh ie Sica @ ogekelle 19 The protective field force successfully prosecuted 2,296 out of a total of 2,604 caSes in 1914. FSU EBELEG NE SEO REOIEEON) | 2.05 hs ete os ie aye etree a oe eee eee ON site Rie hig wveie ¢ 20 Schedule of orders granted by the Commission under section 152 of the Conservation Law for additional protection of fish and game in various counties and localities. EU NPRPNG eA CORDON TG) lio is. eae ere Dene ge A RE Ce) is oe REN ASR aE Te AL Ute BN 22 OvSTtER, CULTURE. SANTEARY CUINSPROTION. ONT Sooo 2. Jobe ees ob eas 22 MIGRATORY: UBERD < TWAWie eas 2a) oe silo se ys Be ey Series (Sienna a Meet eb als (ae Me at ire 23 APPORTIONMENT ORY VCATE I SMIPPEA Ye: & (occ, fod esha cievc) slelele g uerern cio Re orcs ares 24 Tabular exhibit of the work of the Commission in equitably appor- tioning the State’s water supply resources among the inhabitants thereof. [7] 8 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE CONSERVATION COMMISSION PAGE UNION, WATER. DISTRICT PROJECTS. 20.) eee es ee ee 27 STREAM! SURVEYS oi sei Ug OUR Nhe SESE AUST a ae 27 SUPERVISION “OVER: DOCKS AND (DAMS 20) 000 O03) Ut Sia 27 Tabular exhibit of 49 dams for which plans and specifications were approved by the Commission, 1914. Of five dams which failed during the year, four were built before the creation of this Commission; the other one failed cen lack of precaution to protect it against high water during construction. II THINGS TO BE ACHIEVED New YORK’S WATER POWER RESOURCES..........c0cccccccccccccucess Approximately 1,000,000 h.p. developed and 1,500,000 h. p. undeveloped within the State. STREAM REGUPATION cicss fas ce bib eh chains Gee peta relict sca cues a LC ea Sub-topics: Public Health, Safety and Welfare, page 37; Benefit to Mill Owner From Increase of Power, page 38; Cost to be Borne by the State and the Owner, page 39; Power of Eminent Domain Involved, page 40; Undeveloped Powers, Owned and Controlled by the State, page 41. UPIAZATION OR NMORESTS 0 iccshe cairo wiledaliel eg eratcalie lai eva Se en NG ccilh aria NG a ek a a Selective cutting and sale of ripe timber, without injury to the forests, will yield to the State $1,000,000 a year. AYE REPARTITE RP AR TMI 3)),; cle sheeel ent ces el etal rea i RAL aOR av al) agin Ola Three divisions, each charged with duties relating to lands and forests, fish and game, or inland waters. The great problems of conservation are indissolubly interrelated; the forests and the waters depend the one upon the other, and the fish and game upon both. MEMORANDUM BY COMMISSIONER McCABE ON WATER PowER RESOURCES AND DEVINE OPN NE ears cbannie ws clin ae tenet Conan eRe MAING ANCE GN MME apa St. REPORT OF CONSERVATION BUREAU, ATTORNEY-GENERAL’S OFFICE.....-... During the year 109 cases were disposed of, 65 of which involved title to lands in the Forest Preserve. TNA OLAT t S DATE MENGE oho Crclaic 0 aiAis MON GUO ATL UR TE OMe SURI Se oreo aaa ae Showing in detail the receipts and expenditures of the Commission for the past fiscal year. 32 34 43 44 46 53 58 STATE OF NEw YORK Wee — Nox 22 IN ASSEMBLY January 18, 1915 FOURTH ANNUAL REPORT OF THE CONSERVATION COMMISSION To the Legislature: The near approach of a convention to revise the Constitution of the State must focus attention upon the major problems of conservation as never before. The trend of legislation, not only at the session of 1915, but for years to come, will largely be determined by the debates of the Constitutional Convention and the popular discussions incident thereto. Twenty-one years have elapsed since last the State of New York undertook a general revision of its organic law. Boys who were in the cradle then, are voters now. Ideas which were in their infancy then, are in their maturity now; on the other hand policies then considered wise, are now abandoned and forgotten. At the present juncture in the world’s affairs, twenty-one years is a long time, and during such a period great changes occur in circumstance, in condition and in popular thought. Nowhere has this been more manifest than in the conservation movement; and nowhere is there greater opportunity for wise modification of [9] 10 Fourth ANNvUAL REPORT OF THE the fundamental law than in relation to certain of the phases thereof. : At the same time, there are many aspects of conservation wherein the policy of the State is well defined and established; such, for example, as the protection and reproduction of the ferests, and the protection and propagation of fish and game. The difficulties met in dealing with these phases of conservation are the everyday problems, first of finding the necessary money, and second, of using it with good judgment guided by the hght of experience. The drawbacks along these lines are such as per- tain to the whole State government. The calls upon the State for increased governmental activities are recurrent and numerous; but the people demand strict economy, and insist that the State must live within its means. To reconcile these conflicting de mands is a problem requiring wise statesmanship ; but it 1s not peculiar to the field of conservation. CONSERVATION VIRTUALLY SELF-SUPPORTING While the production of revenue is not the major purpose of the conservation movement, nevertheless the Conservation Com- mission collects large sums which go to aid the public treasury. For the fiscal year ending September 30, 1914, the total receipts of this Commission turned into the State Treasury amounted to $381,116.86. This is a record, our total receipts for 1918 having been $316,407.87; for 1912, $256,002.84, and for 1911, $258,226.65. A conservative computation of the commercial value of the out- put of the fish hatcheries and the game farm, including brood stock, for the last fiscal year, would add $215,454.62 thereto. In other words, the Conservation Commission produced last year direct revenues of $381,000 plus an indirect value of $215,- 000, making a total in money or its equivalent of $596,000, as against a total departmental expenditure for all purposes of $640,000. Judged by the tests which would be applied to a private business, conservation virtually supports itself. CONSERVATION COMMISSION Lal I. THINGS ACHIEVED Conservationists may congratulate themselves that some things are settled, and settled right. Everybody to-day believes that the State’s remaining wild life should be conserved, through the establishment of close seasons and the employment of an adequate protective force. Some may hold that there should be a longer open season for this species or a shorter open season for that, but upon the broad general prin- ciple of thorough and efficient protection of fish and game public sentiment is a unit and the policy of the State is not subject to change. , PRopAGATION oF FisH anp GAME So too as to propagation of fish and*game. The State is com- mitted to the policy of establishing and operating sufficient fish hatcheries to restock its waters. In this line of endeavor New York is far ahead of any of the sister states; and within the past two years the Legislature has made appropriation for the exten- sion thereof through the purchase and equipment of two new hatcheries. This Commission since its creation in 1911 has made every effort to increase the number and species of aquatic animals propagated from the various State hatcheries, and has on the aver- age made a much greater distribution than ever before, reaching the maximum in 1913, when the total number distributed was 1,287,255,120. During the last fiscal year, with materially re- duced funds for maintenance, but with additional hatchery activities imperatively required, we were able to propagate and distribute 566,543,016 fish. - Of the 1,287,255,120 hatchery output for 1913, 520,000,000 were edible blue crab fry. The year in question (1913) is the only one in which this species has been at all extensively propa- gated. In 1908 there was an output of 4,500,000 blue crab fry and 6,000 adults; in 1910, 56,000,000 fry and 7,500 adults; in 1912, 2,000 adults. The hatchery output for 1914 (566,543,016) was about five or six-sevenths of the normal output for the past four years. The run of blue crabs is extremely variable; in 1913 it was phenomenal, while in 1914 it was not as great as usual. 12 FourtH ANNUAL REPORT OF THE The following tabular comparison shows the output of the State fish hatcheries for the four-year period beginning with 1911, and the four-year period immediately prior thereto: Total output from State hatcheries: NCEA AMON MEA MEGAN ORGAN IE. 701,448,394 POTS eh Oe A le a Ore 730,434,933 TOTO eS a Ee a mee te 1,287,255,120 TOMA Te Oe a Ete 566,543,016 Average output per annum, four years, 1911-1914 821,420,366 SSS ees LOOT Oe eS Re et ss 250,656,600 L008 EC Nace 394,520,106 TOOO) ee Se 530,277,221 TOTO OC ME Te UG NG ee 537,295,975 Average output per annum, four years, 1907-1910 428,187,476 The State game farm established some years ago in Chenango county has been remarkably successful. During the past fiscal year there were distributed therefrom 2,949 pheasants and 31,096 pheasant eggs. The Legislature of 1914 provided for the pur- chase and equipment of two new game farms, one to be located in Jefferson county, and one on Long Island. Land has been se- cured for the Jefferson county farm, and it will be in operation in the near future. For the proposed Long Island game farm the Commission has selected a tract of 139 acres in the town of Brookhaven, considered to be well adapted to the purpose. The Long Island game farm will, it is expected, be in operation by spring. Fighting Forest Fires Equally well established is the policy of the State in protecting its forests from fire and against trespass, or theft of timber. New York today protects against fire some 7,270,000 acres, of which the State owns 1,820,000. The system of fire protection now in operation in this State is thoroughly modern and effective. The installation of a chain of mountain observation stations, each hav- CONSERVATION COMMISSION 13 ing its watchman, equipped with telephone, has largely solved the problem. By detecting forest fires at their inception and com- municating with the source of danger it is possible to overcome them before great loss can occur. In 1914 the total number of mountain observation stations is 51 In 1910 the total number of mountain observation stations eee Pe Oey etre hed cine sonia etm NESS che og, chtics. ouch or dom pW ow 20 daerease im.insiallation, 1911-1914, is... 2.03 eee 31 In other words, there are two and one-half times as many mountain observation stations installed today as there were four years ago. Of these 51 mountain stations, 49 were operated dur- ing the 1914 fire season. The State has recently experienced three severe forest fire years, 19038, 1908 and 1913. The present up-to-date system of fighting forest fires was not installed until after the year 1908; there- fore, the following table of comparison is germane as well as instructive: Damage caused Cost of by forest fires Acres burned extinguishing ear he la Soc wis aa: $864,082 464,189 $153,763 95 = SUA rae 802,135 368,072 189.661 51 = OS a 51,445 54,796 48,203 20 —-> —— During the past year the total area burned by forest fires was 13,837 acres; total damage, $14,905; cost to extinguish, $13,978.18; total number of fires of all kinds, 413. The question the mountain observation station must answer is, Does it detect fires in time to avert damage or greatly lessen it? In the light of experience, the answer must be affirmative. The system is no longer an experiment. It has stood the test; it has proved its worth. _ The total number of fires reported in 1908 was 605; in 1913, 688. All fires discovered, no matter how small, were required to be reported in 1913; some small fires which burned less than an acre were not reported in 1908. There were more fires in 1913 than in 1908. There were seven-eighths as many railroad fires in 1913 as in 1908— 78 as against 89. In the 89 railroad fires in 1908, the average acreage burned was 1,601 acres; average 14 Fourtu Annuat Report oF THE ‘peqviewnus Jou sesn¥o ai IOUT; —'2}0N se10® 299‘CT OZI| 82498 066‘T P| as ee se ag es ec oe es ns “+255 + pasnvo WomLIeYysty Sa1oB FOS LT 9% S010 GLP 6 else owe onasense Mere ye vn son eens Cetin 0 6-0 00.0 -O-0s0s060 50 A beO0-8 OEE oo on == 72 posiieo Suruyysry SO10¥ ZEP FI selo’ ZIZ‘C) (VIE CUR oO OUD OU COR Goo Coton coon ono ond MoO rooms "ss 5* pasneo srequnyzy $9108 09Z g) saroe LLE SPL 68 CO. G=0sDs00. 0.50050! 0,020<0" OUP SORD calc Dar OO DEE: DeDLg Da A ep eriare o- S erh eee an ‘+ pasneo SpBol[Iey voly “ON eoly “ON 53080 FT| sjua0 Ge GDC OC ODOO OO NU D000 DOO 00 "ss+s+s-uoTQ00301d OZ a10e sod 4809 quedo qed 10 qua tad bo | eee Sirebelanems Stier ener 0-6-0660 Ob 0 OO A20 S000, 60-00-00 "****-paguing vere Jo °4uUa0 1ag. S010B Q0OOLZ! e108 og)epp’s | Ported Cee Gp COO eS ee ee ee 2 pajonioad wary e9¢ Gite = 900-00 5-0-0050 00 6-00.60 0-6 0-0-0 4 ooo Moo O50 ‘ysmnsuryxe 04 4800 oSeBIoAy COS ‘EFS 199‘68I¢ Oc 0 OO O00 OD 0060 OOOO OUD . Heres + sus Suiyxe 04 soinqipuodxe [240], G1 9zeTg | ot ctod000000 POO COCR IOO U0 ODN OU Ob 60 0D 00 OO U6 eee cee ory iod oSevureq ChE ISS GETADEES | oe ne Ge DOO Tt COTES “sre+s QSvurep [BIOL sae 6) BOIOU= G00 | ac Savnenokee eee G0 O06 Deo Gb Oe aly tod vor oSeloay g0108 9G6)FG sere zo'gge |ooc OOS eae eee Heese seeeeeessspoumg Bore [807 899 GOO | een vt eeseeessssgory Jo raquNU ]ej0T ee ee _§T6l 806T ava €16l CNV 8061 ‘SHUIA LSHAOU AO NOSIUVdWOO CoNSERVATION COMMISSION 15 damage, $3,802. In the 78 railroad fires in 1918, the average acreage burned was three acres; average damage, $7. Oul-burning locomotives, which were not in use in 1908, were used on about a quarter of the mileage in the fire towns in 1913. ‘The reduction in total area burned, from 368,072 acres in 1908 to 54,796 acres in 1913; from an average area per fire of 608 acres to 79 acres; from a total damage of $802,135 to $51,445; from an average damage per fire of $1,326 to $75; from a total cost to extinguish of $189,661 to $43,203; from an average cost per fire of $313 to $63; from a percentage of protected area burned of four and two- fifths per cent. to seven-tenths of one per cent.; from a cost per acre for protection of two and one-fifth cents to one and two-fifths cents — all this must largely be attributed to the improved methods of preventing and detecting forest fires employed in 1913, but not in use in 1908. The mountain observation system is now in use by the United States government, in several of the States, and in Canada. Of the important States, New Jersey alone lacks a full equipment of mountain stations. New Jersey last fall suffered the destruction by fire of 200,000 acres — one tenth of its protected forest area. Usst oF O1t-Burnine Locomotives REQUIRED In March last, the New York Central and Hudson River Rail- road Company petitioned the Public Service Commission for relief from an order made by that Commission on April 1, 1909, which required the use of oil-burning locomotives on day trains operated during the fire season upon the Adirondack lines. This petition was based upon grounds of economy, the railroad company alleging that to burn oil in its locomotives involved an increased expendi- ture per annum of about $90,000; furthermore, it was asserted that an improved type of coal-burning locomotive, perfected since 1909, could safely be relied upon to prevent the escape of sparks, coals, and cinders. The granting of this application was strongly opposed by the Conservation Commission, with the co-operation of the Association for the Protection of the Adirondacks, the Empire State Forest Products Association, the International Paper Company, and others. It was demonstrated to the satisfaction of the Public Service Commission that in view of the disastrous results of rail- road fires in the past, the public interests involved were too vast 16 FourtH ANNUAL REPORT OF THE to permit of experiment, and that the preservation of the forests was of far greater moment than economy in railroad operation. The application was therefore denied. PREVENTABLE FIRES Statistics for the year 1913 are pertinent as indicating the dam- age done by preventable fires: : Number Acres ae Fires caused by of fires burned destroyed SiO KES ae iui eee Mak 224. 7,589 $9,910 Pisherment’ jy ach. a oes de 120 15,683 6,962 Campers rivals o tee Che tuaien! 64 398 1,805 Ea Gers 0 ae ne a SO a ta 14 432 PAT, The figures vary from year to year, but the proportion remains relatively the same. No statute, no order or regulation by a com- mission, can guard the forests against wanton carelessness; no vigilance of forest ranger or mountain observer can undo the mischief, once done. Of all men, the camper, the hunter, or the fisherman, should be the last to put the great “ popular playground” in jeopardy through preventable fires. ConsERVATION IN Hoty Writ ‘Among the judgments which the Lord commanded Moses to set before the chosen people, in the wilderness, was the following (Exodus xxii, 6): “Tf fire break out, and catch in thorns, so that the stacks of corn, or the standing corn, or the field, be consumed there- with, he that kindled the fire shall surely make restitution.” New Yorxk’s Forrest DoMaAin Of the 1,820,000 acres of land owned by the State, and located chiefly in the Adirondack and Catskill Parks, about 769,139 acres were acquired by purchase, and the remainder chiefly by tax sales or by the direct appropriation thereof. Of the State’s land holdings, about 70,000 acres are virgin forest; about 1,430,- 000 acres are cutover lands with commercially valuable tree CoNSERVATION COMMISSION ny growth; about 200,000 acres are lands under water, while the remaining 120,000 acres are waste and denuded lands. Twenty million dollars would be a conservative estimate of the commercial value of New York’s Forest Preserve. Forest REPRODUCTION In order to conserve this vast forest domain for future genera- tions to enjoy, the Conservation Commission has sought not only to reforest the waste and denuded lands owned by the State itself but to aid and encourage reforestation of privately owned lands adjacent thereto. The advancement made in reforestation in this State during the period since the creation of the Conservation Commission, in 1911, may fairly be compared with the two four-year periods next preceding that year, as follows: 1903-6 1907-10 1911-14 Trees planted on State ere 577,955 1,341,205 2,636,650 Trees supplied for pri- vate planting ...... None 2,712,750 10,480,848 Trees given to State PeSIUUEIONS > 250... s 5 5 None 17,350 2,263,775 In less than four years the Conservation Commission has - planted on denuded State lands about one and one-half times the total planted for eight years prior to its creation. Moreover, during the same period this Commission has supplied for the re forestation of private lands some 10,000,000 young forest trees, about four times the number furnished for that purpose in all the years prior to 1911. During the past year the total number of trees planted on State land was 1,094,150; trees given to State institutions, 908,025; trees sold to private owners, 2,609,863. There are today in our State tree nurseries 32,900,000 young trees, of which 10,000,000 are available for 1915 planting. In regard to all this, the State policy is beyond peradventure settled; no one objects to the State’s ‘‘ going into the tree busi- ness’; not even the most pronounced individualist finds it too 18 FourtH ANNUAL REPORT OF THE paternalistic or socialistic for the State to supply trees at cost to private owners and free of charge to State institutions. During the past year the State has bought 1,711 acres of forest land. This purchase was an inheritance due to the final perfecting of title to tracts contracted for by our predecessors. The purchase of forest lands is today suspended, through lack of funds available therefor. | Cusa RESERVOIR The Legislature, in 1913, committed to this department the administration of the Cuba Lake Reservoir in Allegany county, formerly a part of the canal system of the State. This commis- sion has instituted a system of leasing lands adjacent to the reser- voir for use as summer homes and for agricultural purposes and has received from the lessees a total of $2,642.20, of which $2,141.20 was received and turned into the State Treasury during the fiscal year covered by this report. It is our plan next spring to plant trees and make other betterments to this property which will not only improve its appearance but enhance its value. TRESPASS ON STATE LAND The great betterment of conditicns as to trespass on State land and timber thievery cannot be more clearly shown than through tabular comparison covering the years just preceding, and the years subsequent to the creation of the Conservation Commission am gal: Sd otal 0) eee USO Gee th eam Ds 83 $39,063 07 $470 64 110 ee a 104 20,054 29 192 82 LOLA ee he 46 1,499 20 32 59 191 eh On 502 23 18 60 ADT oe 16 2,008 25 125 51 LOT ees i 14 157 42 11 24 This unprecedented showing of removal by trespassers of less than two hundred dollars’ worth of timber last year has not oc- curred by chance. It has been brought about by determined en- forcement of the law and insistence on penalties. Today it may CoNSERVATION CoMMISSION 19 fairly be said that deliberate theft of State timber is a thing of the past. Practically all trespasses now arise through honest dispute over boundary lines. The day has gone by, let us hope never to return, when private interests could make comfortable arrangements with the State permitting them to cut off all the valuable timber on condition that they should leave the State in undisturbed possession of the denuded lands and the privilege of paying taxes and upkeep thereon. A decision but lately made by the Court of Appeals in the famous Santa Clara land case, which had been in litigation for a decade, establishes the principle persistently asserted by this Commission, that the State cannot be divested of title to its forest lands save through the courts only; that no public official can stipulate or barter or give away the State’s rights of ownership therein. This momentous decision should never be weakened, cheapened or surrendered through official complaisance or popular indifference or forgetfulness of the past. PROTECTION OF FISH AND GAME By chapter 312 of the Laws of 1912, a codification of the fish and game laws prepared by this Commission, the game protective torce of the State was materially enlarged and strengthened. The total number of game protectors thereby provided was 125, an increase of thirty. Last year the Conservation Law was further amended so as to give twenty more game protectors, but the Legislature failed to make appropriation for the new men. The reorganization made by this Commission has divided the State into twelve protective divisions, the protectors in each dis- trict to report to a division chief and he in turn, through the Chief Game Protector, to the Commission. One hundred regular game protectors and five fisheries protectors constitute the field force. While inadequate to police such a State as New York against violators of the Conservation Law, the protective field force has rendered efficient service, as shown by the following comparative figures : | 1911 1912 1913 1914 Cases prosecuted by protectors.... 1485 1695 2622 2604 Successful prosecutions .......... 13821 1499 2333 2296 20 FourtH ANNUAL REPORT OF THE It may be argued that number of arrests made by a game pro- tector is not the ideal test of efficiency; in other words, that the desideratum is a condition wherein there would be no arrests, because none would be necessary. It may be argued, too, that “a little brief authority ” sometimes makes men unreasonable and even tyrannical and that in given instances a game protector may have used his power arbitrarily, oppressively, or even cor- ruptly. Nevertheless, in this year of grace it will scarcely be maintained that if there were no arrests, it would mean that there were no lawbreakers; and the figures show so close an approximation of convictions to arrests as to disprove any allegation, if such there: be, of extensive abuse of power by the game protectors. A jury may refuse to convict where an officer feels constrained to arrest. ADDITIONAL PROTECTION Among the new powers vested in the Conservation Commission by the Laws of 1912 was that of granting additional protection, beyond that given by the Conservation Law, to any species of fish or game, whenever disease, danger of extermination, or other like cause, may warrant such precautionary measures. The Com- mission has been frequently called upon to exercise this authority and by reason thereof has held numerous public hearings through- out the State which have demonstrated widespread popular inter- est in the problems of conservation. At the present time (January, 1915) the following additional protection orders are in force and during the periods stated and in the loealities severally named all taking is prohibited as to the species named: Chester, Horicon and Johnsburg, Warren Co... Butterfield Lake, Jefferson @OWMEV paw ton tegen Pike and pike-perch. . Bass, pike, pickerel, perch and bullheads.| Grass Lake, towns of Alex- andria and Rossié, coun- ties of St. Lawrence and JefiersOmets haf ie aul CoNSERVATION CoMMISSION 21 SPECIES County Period Expire Pheasants........... Herkimer). is nee eee Two years...... Oct. 1, 1916 iBhensamigi te ifs ec). COESE EO NRE Cee ee oe Two years...... Oct. 1, 1916 Pheasants..... Boel aeult Dela wncee e rk ae Te Two years...... Oct. 1, 1916 Pheasants. .:..4...03 Chenango wos Seu eee. Two years...... Oct. 1, 1916 pheasants). 0 6 es... Oneida Wie ay aa ale hee anal Two years...... Oct. 1, 1916 Pheasants... 0h ..'7. Montgomery... 20.22.05. Two years...... Oct. 1, 1916 Pheasants 24 022. 5.) sie. WIS Wicew tN elem ae ih aaa) Two years...... Oct. 1, 1916 Pheasants): . 20.5 6.43 Washington iis eta Two years...... Oct. 1, 1916 Pheasants... 5. 62. Wikre tiie RO ay! Two years...... Oct. 1, 1916 Pheasants . 2. ..)..2% - Schenectady :4)..24 00 ea. Two years...... Gct. 1, 1916 Pheasants...) 46... Dic awrenee us. 23 Pell Two years...... Oct. 1, 1916 He ASANES Wyo. ios: v8 Branlcbin senior. be de gosh s Two years...... Oct. 1, 1916 Pheasants. J. ..5:0.). ClMGOM OL ae ee oa ae hens Two years...... Oct. 1, 1916 Pheasants yi. 6... RASS», hea eal ei ete de ae Two years...... Oct. 1, 1916 Pheasants) 00.04... /ANUISVECES chy Zunes at Ruse tam uM Two years...... Oct. 1, 1915 Pheasants a ee Cattaraugus 2 ho. ks Two years...... Oct. 1, 1915 Pheasants, 1) 0../s/. cs 2. Chautanqua. wwe ees a Two years...... Oct. 1, 1915 Pheasants. 64. eo. ss Dye NRO RR eS aur A Two years...... Oct. 1, 1915 Ruffed grouse........ Genesee iris kina chr aes Two years...... Oct. 1, 1916 Black, gray and fox SC Uy 22) keen re Genesee) isi. Poe acelin Two years...... Oct. 1, 1916 Cotton tail rabbits...| Richmond................ Oct. 1 to Nov. 14, and Jan. 1 to SAMs Ses eee In force un- til revoked Black: bass), es... seis Lake Erie and Niagarariver.| June 16 to June A (ASS cas are In force un- til revoked Black bass...) 2.3.2. Schroon and Paradox lakes.| June 16 to July . Loyal Pais eee June 15,1917 laekiass: 2, All waters in the towns of June 16 to July June 15,1917 ESRD ONE Mesa Pa Tip-ups pro- hibitedia ys. Jan. 1, 1917 Taking through the ice pro- hibited eiieis. : Janet Sly 22 FourtH ANNUAL REPORT OF THE Hunting ACCIDENTS During the 1914 deer season, there were but five deer hunting accidents, three of which were fatal. Not one of these victims, so far as any evidence shows, was mistaken for a deer. Two killed were so mistaken in 1913, out of total hunting fatalities of nineteen that year. Seventeen minor hunting accidents occurred in 1914 in the pursuit of small game. The State of New York issues every year more than 200,000 licenses to hunt and pursue game and so far no law has been devised which limits or can limit the use of firearms to those who by experience, temperament and sobriety are at all times fit to use them, without peril to themselves and others. Taking’ these facts into account, this year’s record as to hunting accidents might easily be worse. Nor is there reason to doubt that the so-called “ buck law” has proved a conservator of human life and has averted many a tragedy of the North Woods. Oyster CULTURE, Sanitary Inspection, Etc. This Commission is charged by law with specific duties of bac- teriological inspection of shellfish grounds; but adequate per- formance thereof is impossible because of failure to make the needful appropriation therefor. By working with the oyster- growers and co-operating with them in securing, so far as may be, the elimination of sewage and other unwholesome conditions, and by collaborating with the public health departments of State and nation, we have been able to accomplish results alike for the oyster industry and the consumer. But we respectfully request the Legislature either to give us.funds for bacteriological examina- tions, or, if such examinations are deemed unnecessary, to amend the law and do away with a situation unfair alike to the public, tc this Commission, and to the oyster-growers, whereby we stand charged with grave responsibilities relative to the public health while denied the means requisite for the discharge thereof. The ultimate cost of such examinations, we may add, is imposed by statute upon the oyster industry and not upon the State. The Conservation Commission through its Bureau of Marine Fisheries is engaged in making a systematic canvass among the CoNSERVATION COMMISSION 23 oyster-growers to determine the number of men, number of boats, and amount of money engaged in the oyster industry in the State of New York. These facts, which will soon be collated, will be of great value for departmental purposes and will serve as a basis for constructive legislation. An enormous and unprecedented set of young oysters on public lands at this time promises to yield a great revenue to the “free baymen.” It is the duty of the Conservation Commission to safeguard the right of these “‘free baymen,” as well as of the growers who have leased lands from the State. We renew our recommendation previously made for the repeal of the archaic and conflicting legislative enactments, dating from 1866 to 1910, whereby certain towns in Long Island have been given the right to lease lands under water within the town limits. Practically all the Atlantic and Gulf states have done away with local regulation and established the principle of concentrated con- trol by the State of the leasing of oyster lands. New York should not lag behind the sister states in this important matter. The balance sheet of the Bureau of Marine Fisheries for the past fiscal year makes a good showing. Its receipts exceed those of 1913 by $6,403.89, and during the year 3,834.2 acres of oyster land have been leased, an increase over 1913 of 1,638.6 acres. Mieratory Birp Law We again urge that the State law and the federal regulations relative to migratory birds be made consistent with one another. Efforts to this end unfortunately failed in the closing hours of the last Legislature. Steps since taken by the United States authorities have measurably improved the situation, but there still remains conflict in certain particulars. This should not be. It needlessly confuses the law-abiding and affords a pretext to the lawless. The principle of federal protection to migratory birds is sound and undebatable and is everywhere accepted by true conservationists. The differences between the State law and the federal regulations are neither many nor difficult to reconcile. 24 FourtH Annuat REporRT OF THE APPORTIONMENT OF WATER SUPPLY During the past year, increased activity wm waterworks con- struction has resulted in a large number of applications to this Commission for approval of water supply projects. Frequent complaints as to rates and service; both of waterworks corpora- tions and of municipalities, have continued to evince a popular de- mand for State supervision and regulation thereof. One hundred sewerage and drainage projects, having received the approval of the State Department of Health, were submitted to this Commission for approval, the great majority whereof have been decided favorably. The work of the Conservation Commission in equitably appor- tioning the State’s water supply resources among the inhabitants thereof is briefly indicated by the table hereto annexed: CoNSERVATION COMMISSION eecee eee ec eo wo oO eee ee ee ee we ow Cae MO iahe tet Qaheo iD Ce eee eee es eo wo oe eo ee ee eo oe ee DEO EO or Oe. CkeUe5 OS esCney mie Unter opie fal jerst trae etal ices Cena ee aetna ety a ee CR CEOs Ore Soe errr ee ep ee we oe oe ee oe ee we wo eee e eee ew ee ww SB) @uie) es! =) cee) wie 6 eo eee eo ee we wee PI6I 6 3deg PIGI Gz 3deg PIGI ‘LT dy PI6I ‘6 “4deg see ee ewe ee ewe see eee eee ew PIGL ‘61 ACW E16I ‘91 “90d SI6I ‘GZ “AON S16I ‘eT 490 97810d0 04 pulse eee ee ee @ oe ee ee ow eooceere eee ee eo CHOSE MC I ClO ee ee see eee oe seer ee ees oe eee eee one eee ee oe ee ee wo Oats staat see ee wo ow ““ST6L ‘p sung posoiddy ““PIGL ‘IT cung posoiddy “PI6I ‘61 Key, posoiddy ““PI6L ‘St Ae posoiddy ’" DIGI ‘T [udy posoiddy “PI61 st AB, poaoiddy ““PI6L SI Avy poaoiddy “DIGI ‘ST ABI poaoiddy soe ee we we we ww we ow ow surpueg coerce ee ee ee we wo Suipuog ““DI6L ‘62 ‘ue poaoiddy ""DI6L ‘[ vung poaoiddy “S16 ‘Tg ‘20q pesoiddy ‘DIGI ‘EI ‘ue poaoiddy “PIGL ‘61 ‘eI poaouddy SF le epse ts lerivile 10 (8 e@iaciele..e surpus d DEO G (Oe ted det) Os Onded ter) surpua, d Cr ) Ce 2 | uoneordds jo uomisodsiq - DIGI ‘2 ABN PIGE ‘82 dy VI6I 9 Iady PIL TT Ze PIL FS “FT PIGI ‘OT “ed DIGI ‘ET “4 PI6I 9 “Ged PIGI ‘Og “Uee PI6I 8 “wer PIGI ‘LZ ‘ue PIGI ‘Ge API SI6I ‘99d S161 ‘9 “AON SI6I ‘9 “AON ene -v-e (6.8) (e716) 181 (eee Ce ee ose ee we ee wo wwe oe ee eee ee eee oe eee ee we we ow =. @ & 6 Bip 91.8) (6 (616 ose eee ee ose oe eee ee ee eo oe eee eee eee se 8 eee ee ee ee ewe eee ee ee ee eee Pes uoryeorddy Ce er oe eee eo e esnovihg 4seny jo OSETILA eitokie-(shipinelsenlellelipl tej eile: lelciis)ie eel lenivie\acelie) sme (uo1eorydde puooes) wOlg;y jo oBe][LA ONO2ONO O20 Oe 08D Ow OO) 0. Gl OeUSO Ds OeOs0N ORO tet) Oe 0e0. C-Os0 q01148Ip 1040M ezo01g Bag ee etsey ies Sehei wate! ter iemnlve (eile: oN sien lycuia.e) 6: (e\e (8) 0) e 8) rep anisole es} lesenie-iacselenie Cans miOstCrOetimO a aicrar UeaC) elt UlpP[UeL jo OSETIA G-Os0.UEU=0- 0 DaCO C8 Os0eD Ce Oa OrO- On Canine se etecOr 20et mba Una PtP Ld eth eu) UlpUCIT jo OSeTILA Ce UOTyBIG 9] [LA104U98D jo OSETIA Done i OOS eerie ne eee ge ane ees eae ae iS oo Agupig jo OSBTILA DP aWa eles ea. 0 ese awem at isaee a uiulen pent em ef ienie) elie) elk. 0.20 2-hre) 6 Serene eters exe uOUO A JUNOT jo AYD ee poet tees sees sessssebessssss-aorzagTp 148M 400198 JOAOTO Sp OOS RISES DOE (uoryeordde jeyuouroddns) 4o14sip 104M UOSUIETTII A Se a ee oe ee AOLISIp 10}@M UOSUIBITTLA, Ce Oa Het pois Lad "Cs. ONCmO rhe CEs at ORD =O USO) Dele tie eto 09 J948 sutidg UBATAG oat, ORE Ee ee ee JO1d4SID 10VVM UI[ULeTy attatiallsliatvesalteliciiatieil c.variclieitel (oitcile cieiidtn el leieisemtelte a eatelientats bie? elecis mt atveriem ameter stew steia 9[StT jo OSeIILA CO SI9yUO X jo AWD Se Or tito Callin Oy.) COmOete Oe On Carl SOMOS Om Osis ti On th pieO- DCCs Ge Ont itat iat a[epsurM00l[g jo oselILA Blin) ie) lerca/iel wives! le!elie! esse e) iw silence (sive ie) 6-180 -aplie)-v (en elie 6) e666 6) “ones 40119STp I04@M UOLIB IT Ce (jey1ed) ODIXOT/L jo OSETIA ninutpamapiicer estes enleiien baetemren brewer icicys aiTeuel namics burs canto ates emus cists ohio ts. PPeyuIA 489 jo OSETIA Alotiele edie eile pivehsulkvties slush sive istiehie.ie) walem sy ere. tanisiteleltstieleilemerm \ameice ses 40114S1p 106M Plupeyy Ge TAes ae eh eC (uoneordds jeyuowerddns patyy) ytodyoorg jo osey[IA ee Rte OM ERE ROR merece Sree ( ke sodure4) 44003490 Ig jo eSey]I A Fatt Seber CaS Eran Oa ee arate reresesses+* sagriastp JoyBa SnpOg Di Eine utelteimeyleematin (eels: lelvacte/53909090000090SI9I990III eee eo ee eo ww eee ee ee we oe ew eo e © © © © © © oo ee eee ee © oO ow 8 eee ee eo © oe ow ee oe 6 © ew ew ew ww eee © © © © © 8 ew oye19do0 04 HUE eee ce ee oe eee ee eee oe ee ww suIpueg Sian cere ene PIGI “6Z ‘adeg poaoiddy see oe ow ew ow e022 © © © © ew oe eee eo © oe eee © © © © oo porate tel teriealsivelcs(te=eiieiterta surpueg eee ese we eee ewe suIpueg oo eo eo © © oe ee ow sulpueg “TIGL ‘8 “ydeg poaoiddy FIGL 0% “Sny poaoiddy culeWiofilecltiel isin et as alketceis is) sulpusg On bw O-8 OOO FI6I ‘Q “‘4dag poaoiddy se ee ee we ww ees 2 © © © © oe Cat) =O-U sad =tsO=O-te tet 0 suipue ai FIGL ‘IT oung poaoiddy PIGL ‘G unr poaoiddy uolyeorjdde jo uomtsodsiq FI6L Hit ‘qdag eee oo ee ee ee ee re ee eecee AIUOFT 410g jo OSeTILA TIGL 77 ‘Sny EOP OO Ot Gah eee taoite een oo qoldqsIp 10V8M peor aspry ‘909015 JO UMOT, TIGL cal ‘SNY eC OT oytasuyor "49 jo OSeTILA FI6I T ‘SnY Ce Ce Ca eIAW[e jo OseTILA TI6I AK Aine oe 6 © 6 © © 8 8 ww ew ow ew 8 eo ee ew tw oe ow 8 8 8 8 8 8 STR siosutdde jo oSeLA FI6I ‘9 Ayn sie keener en elles tefielsiiének elects Ce sojde ny jo OSETILA PI6L eG oun Co eC ouy “09 I048 AA SIMQsAIC A TI6I ‘8 oune see oe Or SS OD TO SUOA'T jo oSBIILA. TIGL i SUM (a ie ae en Ser eee so0mnos a1reyoyog-Aato) yI0X MON TIGL 7 SUN eep ee Le ee ae ees AOLI}SIP 10}VM PVIYIOATYT TIGL ‘G7 Kew F090. 06010705010 00-0 Mtr O-0-0.0r Ceo 050 eb ea GO GUpSOEMO USSG HEASD qol[AIoye MA JO AWD FI6L ‘OZ STN 2 © © © © © 8 eo eee ee © © © &w © ew ew ww ew ew ww ow qOTI4SIp I0V6M OnUdAB s0IUO0 TT TI6L 0Z ACIN oe eee ee ee oe eo ow ee woe o ose oe eee eee ee ee ee ee ow Zyed MON jo ose] Pely HINVN uorsolddy CoNSERVATION COMMISSION ON Union Water District Progrects Acting under the provisions of chapter 233 of the Conservation Law, the cities of Cohoes and Watervliet, together with the vil- lage of Green Island and the town of Waterford, on June 23, 1918, organized the Charlton Union Water District. Thereupon the Commission through its chief engineer caused careful ex- aminations and surveys to be made, and designed a gravity water supply system with filtration, together with maps, plans and esti- mates for a complete water supply, and on June 15, 1914, made its report to the Charlton Union Water District. The Commis- sion 1s convinced that the best interests of the municipalities in- corporated in the Charlton Union Water District would be sub- served, as to their public water supply, by the carrying out of the Charlton Union Water District project. We believe that the pro- visions of the Conservation Law for Union Water Districts will be of very great value when its features are more generally under- stood. SrtrEAM SURVEYS Power surveys have been made on the Saranac river, the Raquette river and the Schoharie creek, and partly as to the St. Regis river. It is intended to make a separate pamphlet re- port, on the lines of the Oswegatchie report published last year, as to each of these important streams, and also to include the same information in the bound annual reports of the Commission. SuPERVISION OvER Docks anp Dams By an amendment to section 22 of the Conservation Law enacted in 1914, all the docks of the State, excepting those form- ing a part of the canal system and those under the jurisdiction of a dock department in cities of the first class, have been placed under the jurisdiction of the Commission. The necessity for this law became apparent when a dock at Hagle Park on Grand Island in the Niagara river failed, resulting in the drowning of a large number of persons. As the Legislature neglected to make appro- priation for carrying out the provisions of the amended law as to docks, the Commission has been able to do but little in this direc- tion. 28 FourtH ANNUAL REPORT OF THE The past year has been one of marked activity in the construc- tion of dams. Plans and specifications for the construction or re- construction of forty-nine such structures have been approved by the Commission. In a number of instances, before approval was granted, the Commission required changes in the plans and speci- fications submitted. The dams for which plans and specifications have been approved, with the date of approval, serial and location numbers, name of watershed, name of locality, name of owner and purpose of construction are as follows: 29 CoNSERVATION CoMMISSION *IOMOT ‘IOMOT “IOMOT ‘OMSBI] J “OTU9DG ‘Ajddns 1098 \\ "IOMOg a) wi celal “IOMOT *O11]09[9-O1PATFT “OTU9DG “Ajddns 1078 \\ *IOMOg “IOMOT *O11}09]9-OIP AT] ‘O11900[9-O.1p ATT “SUIPOOT ‘O11JO9[9-O.IPAPT “IOMOg ‘a0T “Ajddns 1078 \\ ‘IOMOg ‘Ajddns 1078 \\ “IOMOg “Ajddns 1048 \\ ‘Ajddns 109% (A Ustil “OLIJOO[O-OIPAPT *O11}99]9-O1pP ATT ‘quouldopaAe(] JOMOg JOATYY WOUTTES "OC JOMOT 10UV AA STR BMBUUBTT Onyay ten iy th, veo smog » ouLAICT qq SLM CT ipa Ome RO 0D oxy waNYy “4g ee uonei1odioy pueyT 4ysainquayiy ALAAUER) BULON Oe MYO) TAT Ka Weng) Bneize SLILOJA jo osBTTIA Seer ern Eat ee oye] “oT smo Ca an eO"DeCeom bay OO uoJUIeYy SU jo AYD Sa oe he ee uNEg “yy PIvMpHT "** OF JoMOg ® yySryT AyuNO0D-11], e/kuC Bucppiey ie) whe. ce) 6: 9, loieseiip bets) |e Aorey a ugor Sos 01-1078 UeGINgn, osnoeVIAG Sn: Sa Cag 0D sodeg » Seg uomypy neesesssss sory Jodeg [euoyeusojUy 09 se0yod eS a a 0— Ayeoy Arey yopyreg aMeleeeniete. pret eneint at eine 09 81090] t vy) of Per HES ree Me oe? 0 soUITA, UOstOg aL wi antel Siw) eve vel pA eo euee: 8 09 SUTT[TIAL SOUI[OF] Sh AIDE SEPT? (5 RRP USVI “TO Se Pa A OK 0 1078) OTIS MON Ceah ty Chal RO Mell het TEE AO]OYT ‘W enysor OM Ch Cty OM arty ae OT OQ.Cua muuch uodBveg jo AYD ae ee Od oanqrumMyy JOog “fH Poa yes ve tat al ven_Vit bl ydoq YVPBoPy AYO ue "'N Os a SIOstAJedng jo pavog oe seb cet Win SUR WIT eS qnyo essreuOMe AA Cod Wer ToC hod yt tay 1s tet Wot ee 0D OLIQOOT SaAD ST Seat ere Renee ae “09 SOUT, UOsuOg _ | JOUMO JO OUIBNT i Teunyy Vy i eae was quodo11o1g see ee ew we OT[TAUOT A ee s10300Z) Wet Cr UO PU Gene SILIOT| PP aethan Cethand YOM PAV TT SO GO. woyuIey surg S) im) OP Wiis) © 6 0 aluel's AoTpeyy Ce ee sa0qon Wi siletweye girs UBUIMON Oi Oa O[[TASIOAOT Soa se see enbeddeyqy orTAst4o) eyes ApByoousyqog A[BOO] JO oUIBNT JOALL WOUNTRG ay (eliairatietyauiel (erence JOAII e}jonbeyy ae JOALL UOSPN}T JOMO'T Sarge JOATI UOSPNF JOMOT CC i ee JOAII dunueyy) a JOA BuUBYenbsng 2 ig JOAL suuegonbsng Siege JOAII Buueyonbsng ‘**** JOATI UOSPN}T JOMO'T Di tpeptce, see: JOALL YMRYOP ES ai IOAII UOSPN]T JOMO'T er eae JOATI UOSpN}T 1OMO'T epee: JOAII uospnyy Jedd ide JOAII uospnyy rodd ee Roane JOALL HAMVTOW ie Get Ge OU uejdueyy OYBT Oo OscsTY O-Gnea urejdueyy) oxe'] "73 "+ JOATI O1YOYRSIMSC) Bea es JOAL OIBMBIOCT pees JOAII UOspnyyT Joddy JOALL OIVMBIOCT rig JOALL UOSpN}FT JOMO'T eC | IOATL OSIMSC) aoe JOAII UOSpNyT JOMO'T Foes sess ts IQATE HMBYOTA pace JOA UOspnyy todd, Seve) @ 8) e)re) 8) ei7e aie. (ece Olly d[B'T eiceac sl aie ale JOATL OIYOIVBOMSEO) poysi0}VM JO ouleNy qoquinu U01}Bo0'T Joquinu [eheg PIGI ‘6 eunr VIGI ‘ZL APIN PI6I ‘8 [Ndy PIGI ‘8 Tady PI6I ‘T Tdy PIGI ‘T Tudy PI6BI ‘OG “IPI PIGT ‘61 TPN PIG ‘ST “AVI PI6BI ‘02 “A980 PIGI ‘SZ “WA PI6I ‘2, ‘uer PIGI ‘LZ ‘wee PI6I ‘9 ‘“uer SI6I ‘OL 0° SI6I ‘OT 9° SI6I ‘OL 99d SI6I ‘Eg ‘99d SI6I ‘§ “99°C SI6I ‘9 “AON SI6I 9G “AON SI6I ‘9% “AON SI6I ‘OL AON SI6T ‘L ‘AON SI61'L “AON S161 ‘OS 0 SI6I (8% “490 GIGI ‘0G 490 SI6L ‘FL “290 $$$ | | A | | jeaoidde jo 0y%q Fourth AnnvuaL Report oF THE 30 ee sOINSUO[T | ° Sets HNIPOOM UoxssurArT | * -uMOgyyoqezy” |o +++ urejduieyy) oye'T 9S LLI FIGL ‘Gz “3deq "9S8104G s]cel alia) (ep a8 ne) erie) io) 1p /eiie) ier site “OULAIG, qU SIM C7 CC er ary oTLAUeT see ee JOA uospnyy IOMO'T 1SZ 921 FI6I ‘Gz ‘ydag = )UqVSERS) (Bes emer gee 0D ‘SII odeurvy |°°-° °°: Sinqsyeojg |° °°: JOALI UOSpN}{T IoMO'T 90¢ CLT FIGI ‘Iz 3deg "011409]9-OIp AF] 3 3) 050 ti alo 6-0 deo-ommn UOSTIM “A Jouofy °° +: uepsaT ClO gfe | ee eT yoetg | y—-9Ge ZLT FI6I 12 ‘qdag SIOMO ae [soi ee OD Jodeg » Seq uotuyg |°°* °° S[@ wospnyT jt: JaAl uospny Jedd 68e E/T FIGI ‘6 “gdeq SUH: le oo ee puowumnig “Ty UOS|ONC > 2 ee ONGOsp ws os JOA OSaMSC ccc ILI FI6I ie ‘ydaq BUSH |Get eee UICXBI{ ae SUM oe ea qoUIB4) (eto 0 JOAII uospnyy reddy ege 691 FIGI 6 ‘4daq *I9MOd OOo ye |e 2a Ye) ‘STIN VEM CC "Mf" Suipuey S,JIBMO4C Ce celia ome oe ‘IOALL YMBYOT Ze 991 FIGI TR “ydaq "IOMOT Onaga bet SEO WEdlteosn =n 09 oLIyoo]y PlLAO se eee smmqsuvuinsy, OS 060-060, 080.0 0 Gabo JOAII OSOMS(C) 8e9 COT FI61 6 ‘ydog “SUISSO'T O-OED 00-080 aah “O60 DOs: pooMiepuy) cae -9) se ee oe oyeT UvIPUT see ee IOALI uospnyy Jedd) GTZ . ROT FI6I EG “ony WLOMO GE | Secs OD Jodeg » Seq uomy |°°::: SII@{ wospnyy jc: J9AM Uospny Jedd r6E POL PIGI ‘OE Aine mOMO S| UOTJVIOdIOD JaMOg o1oapy | YOUPUOIIp Yj IOATI YMBYOTAL 862 COT FI6GI ‘og Aine “Ajddns TSIM \ = | SS CR Oo uospn yy jo AWD OOo O0=0;0 0 -Os0 uospnyy ao 6.0 JOATL uospnyy I9MO'T 600‘T ZOL FIGI ‘OT Ane te Ude ee ts oS OPISOU AN AE ea | urepdureyyy fo urejdureyD eyey | $9 191 PI6I ‘OT Ame SOMO GE |S ee SUOS 7 9o19QVID “UMA |° °° °° AouOSyUOTT | °°: JOALI UOSpN}{ JaMO'T 61S O9T FIGI ‘6Z oun PAS (OUGINGES Ci MEAN es (cates Sika cS wooveg JOUMOT, |° ott uooveg |°*" °° JOATI UOSpN] JOMOT | V—EzG 6ST FIGL ‘6Z oun “TOMOg |juoudojoAeq JoMOg JOAIY UoUITeG |- °° ++ LEDOAN AS as [sie Deca OSS a0 JOATI UOUI[RS real QCT FIGL ‘OT oun “IOMOg [oc ct ttc 0d JoMOg y geotT “4ySIT = Jospur-woyyy |° °° OSETIA LEWUGYG) |] Eee cose JoATI BuUBYyonbsng GP LSI FIG ‘OT oune "Ajddns soyem po WoqIHD \L ydesoe j--- OAS HoqIr) fo Joatt euueyonbsng | 7.¢9 9ST PICT ‘OT ung “aMSBI | Re eee ene JoupIey “VW SIP [ce UMO}ISOM | I9ATI UOSPN}T 1OMO'T coc CCT FI6I ‘6 ounr asod.ing I9UMO JO oUIeNy A4I[BIOT JO ourVNy PeysiszeM JO oUIeNy Jequinu Joquinu jeaoidde TO1}800'T [et9g Jo o48q CoNSERVATION COMMISSION 31 During the year improvements of twenty-four dams, by means of repairs, changes and alterations, have been required by the Commission. In the past twelve months only five dams have failed. Seventeen failed in 1913; twenty-two failed in 1912. Four of the dams which failed in the past year were built before _ the formation of the Conservation Commission. The remaining dam failed before completion, for the reason that precautions taken to protect it against high water during construction were in- adequate. As soon as practicable, examination was made to as- certain the underlying cause of each failure and to obtain first- hand information which would avert similar casualties hereafter. It is the purpose of the Commission to inspect and record the location and characteristics of every dam in the State, under its jurisdiction. The reports, when returned, are carefully examined and steps taken to correct any defect or weakness. II. THINGS TO BE ACHIEVED Thus far, in some detail, we have discussed the things achieved ; the settled policies; the features of conservation upon which there is concord of opinion. There remain to be discussed the things to be achieved; those great unsettled conservation problems as to which public opinion is still in the formative stage. These relate to conservation, de- velopment and utilization of water resources and the utilization of forest products. Shall the Forest Preserve be “forever kept as wild forest lands?” or, shall the State permit selective cutting and sale of mature timber ? What shall the State do with the surplus waters of its canals? What shall we do with our million and a half of potential horse power, now undeveloped and unused ? Shall it be the good old policy of laissez fatre? The flood of many a March has raced to the sea with ruin in its wake; the drouth of many an August has brought its sure heritage of indus- trial paralysis. But we are used to all this, and so were our fathers before us; why not our children, too ? 32 FourrH Annuat Report oF THE The part which investigation could play in this drama has been played. All phases of the problem have been exhaus- tively investigated. Once that stage is reached, investigation means inaction and discussion means delay. The servant who buried his talent in the ground probably appointed a joint com- mittee to investigate and report on the best way to utilize talents. Precisely as the way to resume specie payment “ was to re- sume,” just so the way to stop wasting an energy equal to the annual consumption of 15,000,000 tons of coal is — to stop wast- ing it. The time has come to act, and for good or ill, for years to come if not for all time, these great questions must now be answered. Authority to control and regulate the material resources pro- vided by nature is a necessary attribute of State sovereignty. The State should own and regulate the disposal of all additional water power it may create. It should make such utilization and disposal thereof as will promote the public health and public welfare, yield a public revenue, stimulate commerce and industry and cheapen the cost of light, heat and power. NEw YoRK’s Water Power REsouRCES In the year 1907 the State Water Supply Commission was au- thorized and directed by the Legislature to devise a plan for the progressive development of the water powers of the State under State ownership, control and maintenance for the public use and benefit and for the increase of the public revenue. The same act directed the Commission to ascertain and report the water storage capacity of reservoirs created for the purpose of stream regulation, the record of rainfall, the average flow of the stream, and to estimate as nearly as practicable the water power capacity of proposed developments throughout the State. Pursuant to this direction the State Water Supply Commission inaugurated an investigation of the power capacity and possibil- ities of the more important inland streams of the State. This work has been continued by its successor, the Conservation Com- CoNSERVATION CoMMISSION 33 mission. Comprehensive hydrographic surveys have been made of practically all the inland streams of our State, and we have at the present time reliable data showing the power possibilities of every important inland river within the State. No State in the Union possesses greater water power resources than New York. The St. Lawrence river on the north and the Niagara river on the west furnish immense power possibilities. No river surpasses these in volume of water and none has a more uniform flow. We have in addition a large number of inland rivers capable of vast power development. Our extensive canal improvements have likewise created many useful water powers. It has been established by careful hydrographic surveys that within the borders of this State it is commercially feasible to de- velop at least two million five hundred thousand horse power (2,500,000 h. p.). This is more than sufficient to supply all the needs of the State for light and for power for manufacturing and industrial enterprises. Approximately one million (1,000,000) h. p. has already been developed. There remains, therefore, within the State in round numbers one million five hundred thou- sand (1,500,000) h. p. undeveloped. The advancement in the art of electrical transmission has made this vast amount of potential energy available to the inhabitants of every municipality within the entire State. The prime importance of this resource lies in the fact that this latent power is located within the borders of a State containing a population of nearly ten millions (10,000,000) of inhabitants, and is avail- able for our vast and varied industrial needs. It is valuable because it 1s in the very heart of commercial activities, where there is a growing market therefor. Two vital questions arise with respect to the policy which the State should adopt regarding, first, the water powers already de- veloped aggregating approximately one million (1,000,000) h. p.; second, the water powers yet undeveloped approximating one mil- lion five hundred thousand (1,500,000) h. p. By reason of the fact that every stream contains developed as well as undeveloped power sites, these two questions are so inter- related that a discussion of one will in a large measure embrace the other. 84 FourtH ANNUAL REPORT OF THE With regard to our developed water powers all agree that these should be utilized to the highest degree of efficiency and the pres- ent capacity increased wherever possible, and if need be, the agency of the State employed to accomplish this result upon some basis which will be just and equitable to the State, the mill owner, and the citizen. Various plans have been suggested and strenu- ous efforts made to formulate a practical policy, which so far have largely failed by reason of legal obstacles or conflicting interests. Stream REGULATION A very considerable part of our water powers are situate upon inland streams where at certain seasons there is a superabund- ance of water, and at other times a great deficiency exists. It is, therefore, apparent that if efficiency is to be secured, storage reservoirs which will provide a regulation of the stream flow are essential. This is of prime importance. By these means the developed powers will be greatly increased, and those undeveloped made more valuable and commercially attractive. Stream regu- lation is in fact one of the fundamental requirements of proper economical hydraulic development. The construction of a reservoir on the Sacandaga at an esti- mated cost of five millions of dollars ($5,000,000) will increase the total low-water power of the Hudson river at the developed sites below Hadley from twenty-nine thousand four hundred and ninety (29,490) h. p. to ninety-one thousand three hundred (91,300) h. p.; and at undeveloped sites from eight thousand eight hun- dred and eighty-five (8,885) h. p. to sixty-one thousand five hun- dred (61,500) h. p. In other words, the low-water power of the stream will be increased nearly four times its present capacity. These figures include the power between the Sacandaga dam and Hadley, which will be thirty-four thousand five hundred (34,500) h. p. at the minimum. Moreover, in considering this project we must remember that the commercial value of stored water is greater than that from the ordinary flow of the stream, for the reason that the mill owners can use the same at a time when their mills would otherwise be idle, thereby enabling them to increase the capacity of their plants. By the construction of the Sacandaga reservoir and a proper regulation of the stream it would be pos- CoNSERVATION COMMISSION 35 sible for the mill owners to increase their plants about fifty per cent (50%) and still run them at full capacity for the same length of time that they do at present. The potential power pos- sibilities at undeveloped sites would be similarly increased by the construction of this reservoir. The increase to the power-produc- ing capacity of the Hudson by such regulation would amount to eighty-three thousand five hundred and sixty (83,500) h. p. Simi- lar results would follow on the Genesee, Black, Raquette, Oswe- gatchie and Saranac rivers, as appears from the following table: Fourth AnnuaL Report oF THE 36 *A[uo [euorstaodg | “[SUOIMAOI SSE _ 000‘202‘F1/ 16S ‘6zz *000'009! [001 ‘zr 000‘SIS‘T |Sct‘6e 000‘000°Z. |OFT ‘27 000‘OFE*T |260 ‘12 000°88S‘F |TZ8 ‘Ts 000°199‘F j09¢‘E8 BITOA -19891 jo 4800 poyeuysy | UI asver0UT Sa a pS Sec cae a U1G91}8 jo Ayioedeo i) te(o)o Coy) [OL LIL‘TSS |926 ‘92 GT0'2 |886‘S% |296‘ST |2TZ‘OT CIL‘LE |80S‘Th |F8z's |FIS‘6T 00¢‘91I loog‘9e |1¢e‘6¢ l9zu‘zT 096°9Z |0L8‘CZI |F80‘°SI |8Se‘zz O6T‘SS |09L‘88 |Sez‘T |g6g‘Tz OSE*88 |009‘E9T |SI9'Z¢ |OT8‘T9 894198 So} 18 So} Is 89419 pedojaa | padojaa | podojaa | padojoa “opun zy | 9p FV |-epunyy | -ep iy UvVaGA ADV -UGAV dO “INDO Udd 09 ‘YaMod ugaMod SNOONILNOD Non UGLVM MOT “PG YOOX SANIA AO ASVHUONI “aot dO ALIOVdVO uM Od-G@#SuoH NOWVINOTY waLay SNOLLIGNO() 920'Z0% |ST6‘ESI |Z8¢‘Ets |zer ‘Ete 621 ‘0G 9Tg ‘OI 808'FS |F16'92 O&P'EL |088°2% G19°LT |GLL‘8S OF0'9F |L86°LZ 7 00S‘T9 008‘T6 SUIS 89418 pedojaa | podojaa -epun yy | -op IV HLIM WIEVTIVAV uu MOd-HSUOH MOTTA FHLVM MOT ase Rarer aman OD “yy nd [4 O'F ‘NOAreso1 oyeyT ovuvseg))99‘9z “43 D9 “Td OTL JO [201 —SNOAIOseI al[tASIeyT = pue SB WOyMoNT ‘oyeyT Adequeig|ggg ‘oT *ppeysoserg 10} payejndos ‘4J NO [Iq FT] ‘MOAIOsoI MOQGXO/0LL ‘8 ‘OHS Weep JO} payepnses “47 Nd “[Iq Bg ‘MOAIeserl “4p AQ]STAT|098‘9T “ade}IOg JOJ poyepnZa1 “IJ NO [Iq PEL ‘MWOAsosor odey10g|Q29'Ze “AQ[PeY Joy pagepnsoa -4y Nd “TIq 88g “MOAIOSe1 esepueoeG fq TOnpepNnseyy G16°80Z |LZ1‘OFE |9SS'Ib |F18‘68 9F6'ST |ZLT‘9 |66g‘¢ 66S |F2S'S —|09T 2 068°9Z 620% |¥99‘F €99°TIT |16S‘g —|ZTS‘98 602°08 [cosh |F68‘9 00L*Fr |069'EZT \S88'8 |06r'6z S80}18 89418 S9}18 S9}I8 pedojea | pedojaa | padojaa | padojaa -apunyy | -9p 4V |-epun4yy| -ep iy UVa GDV -UNAV 40 “INDO Udd 09 ‘AHMOd |MOTA UTLVM MOT SQOONLINOD YN0H | HLIM FIGVTIVAY “FG YOU SANIA UaMOd-GSU0H “UAL AO ALIOVAVO WaMOd-FSuon SNOILIGNOD) INaSaag "***QA0Q® SIOATI XIS 10} [8}0J, ‘ulejdureyy oye T pues exe] wurreg wseamjoq ‘ovuvreg “IOATI OOUSIMGT “49 OY} pur S127 UOJMONY UWsaAjJoq ‘alyoyedaMs_ “IOATI OOUDIMVT “49 oy} pur ayeyT doddny, wsamjyeq ‘ayjonbey “OlI@JUQ 9YV'T pus TOA ~Josad “JA ‘Aa[StpT WoaMyoq ‘yoelq ‘OlIvJUQ oye] pue asvjIog weeMjoq ‘aasouar) *(Ao[pey pue wep usemjeq esepueoeg two Jomod Surpnjpout) Aody, pue AalpeyY useeMjoq ‘uospny UAATY NOILVINOEY AA WTaVNIVLAG) SNVAYLLS SHOTV A AO ALIOVdV() OINONOOYW NI ASVAAONT CoNSERVATION CoMMISSION 37 A study of the foregoing tabulation will show the great benefits of stream regulation in connection with the development of power. Public Health, Safety, and Welfare The increase of power is by no means the only benefit which will flow from stream regulation. The construction of reservoirs will impound spring flood waters which so frequently result in great injury to public and private property along our inland streams. The Sacandaga reservoir will remove at least three (3) feet from the crest of the floods at Troy, Albany, and elsewhere along the Hudson. The Portage reservoir on the Genesee will prevent the overflow of thousands of acres of valuable land in the Genesee valley and also eliminate injury to other public and private property along the stream which in the past has so often been endangered or destroyed. This menace to property is pres- ent every recurring season. No figures are available to estimate the enormous loss of property injured or destroyed by Spring freshets in this State. By proper stream regulation this destruc- tion and waste would be greatly minimized if not wholly pre vented. Like safety to property will result on the other inland rivers if properly regulated. Moreover, stream regulation will produce a more steady and continuous run of water. It will in- crease the flow during the dry season of the year, and convert many stagnant pools into streams of living, flowing water. Public health, safety and welfare will be greatly benefited and improved thereby. In determining a policy for the State to adopt with respect to stream regulation, consideration should be given to the relative importance of these advantages to the beneficiaries thereof. It may be difficult, if not impossible, to estimate the full value of the benefits to the health, safety and welfare of the public. Yet in formulating an equitable plan for stream regulation all benefits accruing therefrom should be considered: first, to the mill owner from increased power ; second, to the citizenry generally from the improvement to public health, the advancement of public welfare, and the safety to public and private property. 388 FourtH ANNUAL REPORT OF THE Benefit to Mill Owner from Increase of Power It is generally conceded that the benefit to the mill owner de rived from the increase of power is by far the more important. In order to secure proper regulation reservoirs must be con- structed, maintained and operated. How shall these be con- structed, and the cost thereof be paid? Shall the State as a whole contribute toward the expense of construction, maintenance and operation, on account of these benefits to public health, safety and welfare? If the policy of stream regulation were made general throughout the State the benefits derived therefrom would directly or in- directly reach our entire population; and there seems, therefore, no just or equitable reason why the State as a whole should not contribute toward the cost of such development. With regard to these questions we find that the Constitution provides that “The Legislature may by general laws provide for the use of not exceeding three percentum of such lands for the con- struction and maintenance of reservoirs for municipal water supply, for the canals of the State and to regulate the flow of streams. Such reservoirs shall be constructed, owned and controlled by the State, but such work shall not be under- taken until after the boundaries and high flow lines thereot shall have been accurately surveyed and fixed, and after pub- lic notice, hearing and determination that such lands are re- quired for such public use. The expense of any such im- provements shall be apportioned on the public and private property and municipalities benefited to the extent of the benefits received. Any such reservoir shall always be op- erated by the State and the Legislature shall provide for a charge upon the property and municipalities benefited for a reasonable return to the State upon the value of the rights and property of the State used and the services of the State rendered, which shall be fixed for terms of not exceeding ten years and be readjustable at the end of any term.” This provision of the Constitution is applicable to a very large proportion of our inland streams, which have their source in the Forest Preserve counties; and the fair inference is that the people CoNSERVATION CoMMISSION 39 of the State favor the construction, control, maintenance and operation of such reservoirs through the agency of the State itself. Cost to Be Borne by the State and by the Owner We feel, therefore, that the proper policy to adopt is for the State to construct, control, maintain and operate reservoirs in- tended for stream regulation, and that the cost thereof be borne in part by the State and its municipalities benefited thereby, and in part by the owners of water power sites upon some basis of a just and equitable division thereof. With regard to the payment to be made by the mill owners, serious and difficult questions arise. How shall such payment be made and provided for? Many divergent views are entertained with respect to these questions. All practically agree that the beneficiaries should be required to pay therefor. Some maintain that the real beneficiaries are the owners of power sites already developed. This view is predicated upon the proposition that undeveloped sites have no use for an increase of power which will result from stream regulation. It is also claimed, in some cases, that the owners of developed sites should not be required to contribute toward the cost of the construction, maintenance or operation of such reservoirs, for the reason that some power owners have no need for additional or increased power. ‘These views are, of course, erroneous, for the reason that any increase in the capacity of a water power site, whether developed or un- developed, enhances its potential value. Moreover, while the as- sessment of cost upon developed powers alone might possibly answer the needs and be practical for a river like the Black, where more than 85 per cent. of its available power is developed, it would utterly and absolutely fail to secure any regulation on rivers like the Raquette, where less than 25 per cent. of the avail- able power is developed. A glance at the foregoing table shows that the regulation of the Raquette could not and would not be made if the developed sites alone were required to pay the cost for the evident reason that the. owners of such sites could not afford to bear the burden. For example, if the reservoir at the Oxbow on the Raquette river were 40 FourtH ANNUAL REPORT OF THE built at the estimated cost of two millions of dollars ($2,000,000), the construction cost would be at the rate of twenty-five dollars and ninety-seven cents ($25.97) per h. p., based upon an increase of 77,077 h. p. in the low-water power of the stream. If this cost were apportioned between the developed and undeveloped sites, then four hundred sixty thousand dollars ($460,000) would be due from the owners of developed sites and one million five hundred and forty dollars ($1,540,000) from the owners of un- developed sites. If the entire two million dollars ($2,000,000) were assessed against the developed sites alone the charge would be at the rate of one hundred and twelve dollars ($112) per horse power. Such charge, with the cost of maintenance and op- eration, would be prohibitive and manifestly unfair, for the rea- son that the value of the undeveloped water powers would be in- creased by such regulation. It is apparent, therefore, that if the State aims to formulate a workable policy which will result in the general regulation of all our inland streams, some plan must be devised whereby the owners of undeveloped as well as developed powers will be compelled to bear their just and equitable share of the cost of such improvement. Inasmuch as the owners of unused and unsalable power sites would rarely if ever agree vol- untarily to share the cost of such a project, it follows that a workable policy must involve compulsory payment. No provision for voluntary payment will suffice. | Power of Eminent Domain Involved To achieve this result by legislation a valid power of taxation must be invoked, and legislation must likewise carry with it the power of eminent domain, for the reason that every project for the construction of reservoirs involves the acquisition of private property, and in some cases public property as well. No practical plan has yet been suggested which does not involve the exercise of these two sovereign powers. For the regulation of streams, reservoirs must be constructed and private lands must be acquired as above stated. The cost of construction, maintenance and operation must be paid. Neither public nor private property can be appropriated; nor can the power of taxation be considered in this State except for a public CoNSERVATION COMMISSION 41 purpose. Neither the right of eminent domain, nor the power of taxation has been given to mill owners in this State to acquire private property for milling purposes. Nor has the enforcement of assessments for benefits derived been permitted for the develop- ment and improvement of water powers exclusive of other pur- poses of a public nature. These projects have always been con- sidered private enterprises, and therefore the power of eminent domain and taxation has been denied. We believe that it will be generally conceded that this view is correct, and therefore any legislative plan designed to achieve practical results must embrace the valid power of eminent domain and taxation as well. To accomplish this the primary purpose of the statute must be public, not private. The development of water powers and the improvement thereof by stream regulation for the production of energy for lighting public buildings, streets and highways, and for power for State, municipal and public service uses, and incidentally for industrial enterprises, would, we think, be construed to be a sufficient public purpose to validate the exercise of the necessary powers of emi- nent domain and taxation. To accomplish the purposes named provision for the transmis- sion of energy produced is essential; and moreover, this would furnish a market for power available from sites now undeveloped and the development thereof would be made practical and feasible for the reason that the same could then be used for commercial and industrial purposes, where at present no market exists. Un- less some such plan is adopted to furnish a market for the power available from undeveloped sites the burden of taxation for stream regulation imposed upon unused powers would be unjust to the owners and tend to confiscation of their property. Undeveloped Powers, Owned and Controlled by the State Thus far we have considered stream regulation on rivers where water powers are privately owned. We will now consider the proper policy to be adopted with respect to undeveloped water powers owned and controlled by the State itself. More than three-fourths of the undeveloped water power within the borders of the State of New York is owned and controlled 42 FourtH ANNUAL REPORT OF THE by the State itself. It is the owner of the bed of the stream beneath the waters of the St. Lawrence and Niagara rivers, and is likewise the riparian owner of lands adjacent to a large amount of available power, and it has also created much available power through the construction of its canal system. With respect to the large navigable streams the State has full jurisdiction and con- trol over the same, subject only to the paramount right of the Federal Government to control the same in the interests of navi- gation. It likewise has jurisdiction over our inland rivers to the extent that the waters therein cannot be diverted for power purposes, or the flow thereof obstructed without the authority and consent of the State. No person can be said to own the water which flows in these streams. All persons have a limited right to the use thereof, dependent upon the purposes for which the same is to be employed. These rivers are considered highways for the use of the public. The riparian owners are powerless to exclude the public from the use thereof for such and other pur- poses. It is for this and other reasons that the water powers of the State have come to be regarded as a natural public resource. Any State policy with respect to the utilization thereof must recognize the rights of the public therein and reckon with this established sentiment. So far the State has established no definite policy with respect to its water powers. From time to time it has granted to private individuals the right to divert water for private purposes. There is a growing sentiment opposed to such grants. The people of the State are beginning to realize that these vast resources are too valuable to be given away. The exploitation of water powers by private persons is no longer regarded with favor. The people feel they have not received adequate benefits from the grants that have been heretofore made. The Conservation Commission, mindful of the fact that the Legislature has imposed upon it the duty of devising “ plans for the progressive development of the water powers of the State under State ownership, control and maintenance for the public use and benefit, and for the increase of the public revenue,” has advocated that the State itself develop its unused water powers CoNSERVATION COMMISSION 43 and distribute the energy produced thereby direct to the people at the cost of production and transmission. So far the recommendations of our Commission have not been adopted for the reason that it has been impossible to reconcile con- flicting interests. Many people. believe that the policy of the development of the water powers of the State ‘“‘ under State ownership, control and maintenance,” foreshadowed by the Legis- lature in 1907, is not sound; but that the development and exploitation of our water power resources should be left to private initiative. Whether the sorely needed development of our water power shall proceed under public or private auspices is a question so vital to the welfare of the State that it deserves your most earnest and thoughtful attention. UriizaTION oF FoRESTS Wise men in their day and generation, prudent and foreseeing, were the framers of the Constitution of 1894, when they excluded from the Forest Preserve — forever, as they then believed — the axe and the saw and decreed that it be “kept as wild lands.” In the face of what had notoriously happened, and judging the future by the only test, the light of experience, there was nothing else for them to do but what they did. The money-changers were to be driven from the temple; conscienceless exploitation of the forests was to be checked. All this was timely and provident. The time has come, however, when modifications of this drastic policy may safely be considered. We now know— the scientific forester of our time tells us— what was not appreciated twenty years ago, that selective cutting and removal of ripe timber is beneficial to the forests, apart from lessening the fire danger. With a timber cut in this State five times the annual growth, and consumption sixteen times the growth, the State of New York ought to consider, seriously, a plan of classifying the Forest Preserve by areas, part to be protective and part to be productive. By confining cutting to selected trees under State supervision, and conducting all sales thereof by competitive bidding, such forest utilization would yield a direct revenue to the State treas- ury of $1,000,000 per annum. The fixed carrying charges on the Forest Preserve are $365,000 per annum, of which $200,000 is A4 Fourth ANNUAL REPORT OF THE for interest and $150,000 for taxes; in other words, the utilization of ripe timber would yield a net annual income of $635,000 over and above all fixed charges. | We therefore reaffirm our support for the constitutional amend- ment approved by the Legislature of 1918, which would permit the removal of ripe timber, as well as dead and down timber, and the leasing of camp-sites in the Forest Preserve. The latter measure, while yielding a considerable annual revenue, would tend to make the camper a vigilant fire-fighter, for he would be watching his own property as well as the State’s. The utmost care and precaution, the greatest vigilance in admin- istration, will be required to protect such a plan of forest utiliza- tion against gross abuse. Already there are signs that certain interests not unknown to forest exploitation are willing to take an intelligent advisory part in arranging to reorganize the admin- istration of the State’s forestry interests. A TRIPARTITE DEPARTMENT The Conservation Commission exercises and administers under cne head all the powers, duties, and functions formerly divided among several departments — the Forest, Fish and Game Com- mission, the State Water Supply Commission, the Forest Purchas- ing Board, and the Commissioners of Water Power on Black River — together with new and important additions thereto, not- ably along the lne of perfecting ‘‘ a comprehensive system for the entire State, for the conservation, development, regulation and use of the waters in each of the principal watersheds of the State.” The plan of organization is that of a tripartite department, with three divisions each charged with duties relating to one of the three great phases of conservation, to lands and forests, to fish and game, or to inland waters, with three commissioners reviewing and passing upon all the great questions of policy in detail and blending them in one harmonious, progressive whole. There are those who would return to the old days when the forests, the fish and game, and the water resources of the State were committed to separate departments, just as there are those who would return to the old days when each few miles of railroad had its separate organization and a distinct entity and was oper- CoNSERVATION COMMISSION 45 ated all by itself with slight regard to transportation as a national and world system. Or there may be those who would like the stagecoach even better, for they knew the driver long and well and he was an agreeable man, and they felt a closeness of touch, a communion of spirit, and a personal intimacy with him, not at- tainable by travelers in our day. That the State of New York will ever “ unscramble the eggs” or go back to conservation piecemeal — forestry here, fish and game there, water resources yonder, a course meal served at three dining-rooms —is unthinkable. These great problems of con- servation are indissolubly interrelated; the forest and the waters interblend and depend the one upon the other, and the fish and game upon both. What is needed is not a separation but a closer fusion; a com- pleter oneness; a more thorough understanding of the finality of the union; better relations, and better directed energy upon the part of all conservationists, no matter which branch of the great movement may claim their peculiar allegiance. One man may achieve much in administrative conservation. Three men should bring to the task a threefold intelligence, cor- recting each other’s point of view, and minimizing the danger of error, or worse. One man may unwittingly, through environment or from other cause, become susceptible to influences inimical to the preserva- tion of the forest; may yield to its exploitation by private inter- est, against the public weal. The chance that three men can be so influenced is less than one-third as great. One Commissioner —a single head — might once again be persuaded to stipulate away the State’s right and title to its forest lands. That three Commissioners could be so persuaded is more than thrice as unlikely. ‘All of which is respectfully submitted. GEORGE E. VAN KENNEN JOHN D. MOORE PATRICK E. McCABE Commissioners Arpany, N. Y., January 15, 1915. 46 FourtH ANNUAL REPORT OF THE WHY COMMISSIONER McCABE DIFFERS FROM HIS COLLEAGUES It isn’t pleasant for me to differ from my colleagues in the Conservation Commission on the hydro power question, but I do not believe that any good can come out of a public situation which is encouraged in order that harmony may prevail. On the contrary, I believe that the only hope of perfecting this condi- _ tion, or lifting it out of the rut in which it is, is more likely to be brought about by a broad, intelligent discussion of our differences. There is nothing quite so baneful in unsettled public affairs as harmony, and harmony in this situation would be purchased at the price of my honest convictions, and this, I know, would not meet with the approbation of my fellow Commissioners, who are always solicitously seeking the truth in all public questions. The time that I have been able to give to this water power question since I have taken office as Conservation Commissioner has been altogether too limited to make a thorough examination of the matter. However, it seems to me the State is entitled to know the result of my observations and reading, even though my deductions be wrong. Of the many problems in this department the most mooted and, at the same time, the most vexatious one, and the one in which the least progress has been made, is the solution of the water power question. The literature on the subject, so far as I have been able to ascertain, consists principally of the reports of two sets of engineers who have made a sort of public shuttle- cock of the question, one side contending that certain conditions were true and lugging in column after column of figures to aid or prove their contention, while the opposing forces massed as many, if not more, figures to confirm the correctness of their position, and both sides were ostensibly satisfied so long as noth- ing was done. Germany and Canada seem to be much quoted as to the suc- cess and failure of governmental operation of public utilities by hydro power in these countries. It is difficult to understand the quoting of conditions in foreign countries to prove the possibili- ties of a situation here. There is an element of politics in all CoNSERVATION COMMISSION 47 public questions in this country which has no place in the affairs of foreign countries, and which makes it impossible for this country to compete in a commercial enterprise with private cor- porations. Trying to operate a commercial enterprise success- fully in this country with political help is trying the impossible. Politics has its rules and provinces outside of which it cannot successfully venture; too few seem to understand this principle. A great many men would make politics of everything, and as many more would make business of everything. One can also find marshalled any number of municipalities in this country to prove and disprove the success and failure of municipal owner- ship. We find in this matter, as in all matters of dispute on public questions, a difference as to what the State Constitution intends: one side invoking section 7 of article 7 of the State Constitution to prove that the State and the State only can engage in the de- velopment of this hydro-electric power; while the opposing party vigorously maintain, under this same constitutional provision, that the State may enter into the construction and maintenance of reservoirs, etc., for three specific purposes and these only: First, to regulate the flow of streams; secondly, for municipal water supply; and thirdly, for the canals of the State; that this provision of the Constitution in nowise provides for the hydro- electrical development of the water powers. So much for the constitutionality of the question. Some persons affect to believe that the State should engage in the development and sale of this great power as a permanent business for the purpose of producing a commodity in which there would be a good commercial profit. To me it is positively incredible how any person versed in the ways of public affairs can entertain for a moment any such impracticable theory. The advocates of this speculation with whom I consulted seemed more concerned in preventing the development of our water power by rich men than they did in enriching the State or relieving the already overburdened tax payers. Many of these persons are opposed to the consummation of all public affairs and naively rest their position on their interest in and protection of the poor man’s rights. So far, this side of the matter has been a sort of 48 FourtH AnnuaL Ruporr oF THE political question, made so by those self-constituted representa- tives of the people who carry on a kind of political blackmail against those who differ from them on public questions of this character. These men are not of the best citizens, nor of the most intelligent, but they are most ingenious in their method of advertising and of ingratiating themselves as the self-sacrificing friends of those who plow and those who spin. Many politicians, or, rather, men in public life, yield to the menacing of the supporters of this idea, more fearful of their personal safety in public office than in the soundness of the position into which they are forced. Courage is at the bottom of all big successes. No important success ever comes to one who fears failure. The merits or demerits of the water power ques- tion are never entered into as a matter of government by those persons; the logic or philosophy of the events surrounding the situation are in nowise considered. However, I, myself, do not believe that this is a question which engineers can settle. At the outset they were necessary to prove the volume of water and its generative power, but that has been determined over and over again. ‘This was the first step and no second step has ever been taken. The question has been, as it were, marking time. In public matters delay has its full quota of contributory causes; namely, weakness in men, lack of decision and confidence, fear of responsibility, inefficiency, procrastination, want of capacity, poor in courage and the thousand-and-one other appre- hensions which beset the way of the wrong man. Protracted de- lay is the greatest of all evils. In my judgment, a procrastinat- ing administration is worse and more expensive than a vitiated administration. The restraints of some administrations are as bad as the extravagances of others. Consequently, the delay at- ‘tending this power question is the most pernicious wrong possible to the State. So, also, should a policy of devolution be avoided at this time. It is high time that another step was taken toward the solution of this question, and no other step can or will-be taken without courage — a courage that rises above the fear of the poor man’s political support, the vagaries of which mean nothing, as well as CoNSERVATION CoMMISSION 49 above the hope of the rich man’s favor, which is as barren as the favor of princes. , - If this problem is to be properly adjusted the underbrush must be first cleared away; all this prating about the poor man must be eliminated; and the cant and hypocricy of the self-elected guardians of the people must be expelled from the subject, as well as the influence of the politician who curries favor at any price. Honest or just legislation is for the whole people, rich and poor alike. There is no benefit in such things for one man over another, and to induce persons to lend themselves to any public movement, with the promise and expectancy of bettering their condition, particularly if they are poor, is deception of the very worst type. But I do not believe the poor man is so easily fooled as the professional ranter thinks. or years I have been listening to . the lamentations of the professional supporters and defenders of the poor man, asking and receiving legislation in his behalf; and year after year the poor man’s condition is no better. Some poor men rise to affluence in spite of their poverty, while other poor men fail terribly notwithstanding rare mental attainments. There is a something at work in each man’s life which has more to do with shaping his course and fixing his position in the world than the operation of officials at the Capitol. Petty agitators still indulge in the fallacious idea of being able to trick the people into believing they can get something for nothing. No progress has been made in the graduation of this question because of the misapplied rules and wrong principles engaged. It is my opinion that it is a misunderstanding of the logic of the commercial situation surrounding this question which is re- sponsible for a great deal of the tinkering which has been going on for the last several years. Because the State owns the water is no reason why Tom, Dick and Harry should be allowed to experi- ment at the cost of the people, or why it should engage in the busi- ness of hydro development — not at all. There are some things the State can do, such as approximating values of estates — real and personal — levying and collecting taxes and disbursing the cost of operation, etc.; and there are also some things the State eannot do, and one of them is to engage successfully in a com- mercial enterprise. It is too true that a question in astronomy cannot be settled by applying the laws of philosophy. 50 = FourtH ANNUAL REPORT OF THE This is a big question and must, of necessity, be settled by big men whose business it.is to commercialize water power. Little men cannot settle it at all, nor can a man big in other ways settle it. The average man will read nothing which interferes with his prejudices. ‘This hydro question must be settled by a man of genius ; one who loves his work; a man who can bring to his assist- ance the support and confidence of the wealth necessary to consum- mate the undertaking. They of little faith are impregnate with doubt and fear, which is always a hindrance; and he who assumes to fulfill a contract for the government which requires vigor and skill must expect the denunciation of those of little heart — and they are legion. Self-reliance, courage, decision and brains are the qualities necessary for a bold project. Men with these ele- ments cannot work tied with the red tape preventives thought necessary to protect the State in its public exploitations. To ap- point one in the public service to a position of grave responsibility is not difficult, nor is it regarded as a hardship to accept the ap- pointment and collect the salary ; but to render services in keeping with the responsibility of an important office and proportionate to a good salary is not at all common. : This is a business question pure and simple, and must, if settled right, be settled by the rules of business. Think of having some- thing to sell; you won’t sell it to a rich man and a poor man can’t buy it. The result is you must keep it — which is the case in this affair. If the price of the water power of the State could be brought within the reach of a poor man, every poor man in the State would claim and want it. It is for this reason, and upon this principle, that franchises are given to the highest, not the lowest, bidder. When the State receives all a privilege is worth, everyone in the State is more or less benefited; whereas, if the same benefit is conferred upon one for the smallest possible pittance, everyone in the State is more or less wronged. I am unalterably opposed to the State contributing to the sup- port of any man’s business at the expense of the citizenship of New York. The theory of State ownership is alien to our form of government — there is no doubt about this. It is a method wherein the State moneys of all the people are ventured in hopes that about one-quarter of the people may profit. The State has something to sell, certain water powers which are said to be of great value, and in the disposing of these rights it must proceed along the simple lines which business follows in all such matters ; CoNSERVATION COMMISSION 51 it must offer them for sale in the market where such privileges are sold and brought under such laws and regulations which may be necessary to protect the State from a purchaser who may be inclined to deceive or wrong the State for himself. Ability for the construction and organization necessary to make a project of this magnitude a success is given to few men, and entrusting those out- side of the limited circle with the disentangling of the complex elements of this plan is not the part of either sense or wisdom. The great danger the future holds for the State, if some action is not taken now, is the refusal of the proper interests to enter into the scheme. Such things cannot be deferred too long without loss to those who hold a marketable affair until the anxious become indifferent and the wealth necessary for the project seeks an in- vestment in quarters more tranquil and not froth with the in- stability which surrounds the public contracts and franchises of today. Whether the water privileges are as desirable now as they were several years ago I do not know. Experimenting may have proved otherwise. However, I believe if certain persons can be induced to enter this field of enterprise success will attend their endeavors, out of which the State will profit greatly. The State will be as much concerned in the success of the undertaking as those who make possible the scheme. ‘The greater the success the greater the value of the State water rights and the greater the profits accruing to the taxpayers; where failure to the enterprise means valueless water rights to the State. It would seem an easy matter to draft a bill calling for the highest or greatest development of all the water power of the State in which the regulations surrounding and protecting the rights of the people should be drawn with an eye for a commensurate return to the State, in keeping with the power generated out of the waters of the State. To obtain the full commercial value of the privilege bestowed will prove the most important, as well as the most diff- cult, part of the transaction and, of necessity, must be adjusted by men who are seeking no political favors nor building for a public future. So, also, must the men entrusted to represent the State in these negotiations stand away outside of the influence of the corporations concerned. I believe a measure can be drafted protecting to the fullest every interest of the State and, at the same time, not to embarrass the contractor with fear and trepidation sufficient to paralyze his best 52 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE CONSERVATION COMMISSION efforts. Success for one is success for both, while failure for one is failure for both. Let another step be taken. Allow the criminal waste of the valuable water power of the State to go no further. Nothing has been done, no progress has been made and no move forward can be made along the old lines — if it could have been it would have been. The reports on this subject, after the first ones on both sides, seem very much like the rethreshing of old straw. PATRICK E. McCABE Conservation Commissioner REPORT OF CONSERVATION BUREAU, FATTORNEY-GEN- ERAL’S OFFICE, RELATIVE TO LITIGATIONS Pursuant to the provisions of section 9 of chapter 647 of the Laws of 1911, the Conservation Commission transmitted to the Attorney-General all orders to bring actions, suits and proceed- ings which the Commission was authorized to institute and main- tain, and requested the Attorney-General to defend them. At the beginning of the year 1914 there were pending eighty- seven actions, the majority of which involved title to lands in the Forest Preserve of the State of New York. These were ac- tions transferred to the Conservation Bureau of the Attorney- General’s office from the Legal Department of the former Forest, Fish and Game Commission and were awaiting trial. During the year 1914 all pending actions involving title were disposed of by trial, and of these, fifty-five were tried before Hon. Irving G.— Vann as official referee. These fifty-five actions involved title to lands in Township 15, Totten and Crossfield’s Purchase, Hamilton county, the majority of which were brought in 1907. The lands involved were pur- chased by the State from the Indian River Company and sub- sequently it appeared that at the time of purchase there were many occupants of these lands claiming adversely to the Indian River Company and its grantee, the State. The rights of the respective parties were determined upon the trial of these cases and where the State failed in title, the Indian River Company, under the terms of its deed, will be obliged to reimburse the State. During the past year four actions, brought in 1910 against the Santa Clara Lumber Company and George N. Ostrander and others, were argued in the Court of Appeals, and that court rendered its decision in an important action involving a question of title and the right of the Forest, Fish and Game Commissioner to enter into a stipulation permitting judgment to be taken against the State, thereby adjudicating the defendants to be the owners of the land in dispute. While the State had been unsuccessful in the lower courts, the Court of Appeals by unanimous decision re- versed the judgment and directed a new trial of this action. [53] 54 FourtH ANNUAL REpoRT OF THE The determination of the vital question, namely the power of the Forest, Fish and Game Commissioner to stipulate that judgment could be taken against the State adjudicating the de- fendant as the owner of lands within the Forest Preserve, neces- sarily and materially affects a number of similar cases where the same question is involved. ‘The decision does not go to the good faith of the transaction but rests entirely upon the lack of power conferred upon the Commissioner, particularly in view of the constitutional prohibition of alienation of State lands within the Forest Preserve. The land involved in the action which has been sent back for a new trial consists of about 2,100 acres lying north of Township 50, in Hamilton and Essex counties, and upon which land the soft wood timber had been removed. Should it be finally determined that the State owned the land at the time the judgment was permitted to be taken, the defendants will be required to pay the damages incurred by the taking of the same. Following the decision just referred to, Justice Borst has ren- dered a decision involving a similar transaction with the Forest, Fish and Game Commissioner and the Raquette Falls Land Com- pany. The lands in question are located in Township 12, Oid Military Tract, Essex county, and comprise about 1,000 acres of land which is substantially virgin forest, and upon which the defendant has commenced lumbering operations, under the terms of an agreement which has been, by the decision of Justice Borst, determined not to be within the power of the Commissioner to make. Two judgments against the New York Central and Hudson Rivoy Railroad Company, one in Herkimer county and the other in Franklin county, were reversed in the Court of Appeals and new trial ordered. These actions were for damages to State lands, caused by fire alleged to have been set by the railroad company in 1908. During the year 1914 the Conservation Bureau of the Attorney- General’s office has disposed of one hundred and nine cases. Of these, sixty-five involved titles to lands in the Forest Preserve of the State of New York; eleven actions for trespass, and twenty- five actions for violations of the fish and game provisions of the statute have been prosecuted. CoNSERVATION CoMMISSION 55 The Commission directed an investigation of the legal status of the occupants of state lands in Township 40, (Raquette Lake), Totten and Crossfield’s Purchase. There are located in this town- ship about seventy occupants who appear to have no title to the lands which they occupy. Surveys have been made, records com- pleted and data obtained upon which proceedings may be brought to recover possession of these lands. There have been disposed of by action since January 1, 1914, the following cases: GL TPEE T2SE ie. cee AiR: i celareeilars Septal ee Eat em nee al STS, SENG 2 Te gma wa See ele RE oh rpg ee eae Pe 25 Mee eee ea ie cee Sek SU clits wie aa aoe e. eoneeecerale 6 Mga ere Serer iu hs wiser 8 ce ee woe le ere ES 65 a erate ait el CMU CTI GE ice e a aise ts lela ee ae a hab sce eve Oo Se ce ee ul PRM aIMee See eae wile Ueno e Cy wel ale Wipe ee es 1 Of the cases pending and commenced during the year 1914, there are still pending: ce ESVE SS EA IR es ge Rigo ie i ea Aree 9 BM Mae il PANES eer Sass win og ese Side Oe ie woes = 10 RCS ne eet nce ekce ore ia, Sine icln e ew en 3 ire Mem CMCH G06 8. cos ia se e's: othe a's tee od wiatel eo the it EERE, igh aes Sete lle SS Aiea a mgr Be ie rE 1 ee) yi rete SE ie ok Gta ale Yb a as, ere one's 21 Of the ninety-two orders on hand January 1, 1914 for prose- cution for violation of the Conservation Law, action has been taken as follows: Closed before commencing action..........0....0.2004- 22 Action commenced: MMM ee ira ohooh ak ae woke pele vos GME Wicculw te eas 25 elinsee retane ene re ee shee SAE ela ead s 27 Orders held awaiting data, surveys, etc............-.:-- 18 On the one hundred and fifty-five orders to prosecute received since January 1, 1914, action has been taken as follows: 56 FourtH AnnuAL REPORT OF THE Action commenceds 2 ian @ i) ae es Poet eee Closed Pending Mish and seamie: 7. sym se roe ee 5 EPESPaSGck a ea een can enn as ake 6 3 LathOs ss Sete ee scar. shame ice cote sae 39 8 Det-dside ‘conveyance..)..5. 0) oso. soe wil 1 dy We arr ruemape amen yt ee aS i ole 1 PATIGLON ee sly ee state uae i ae ge oe 1 Public Service. rule’ violatiems 05.2 2: a8 55 19 Orders closed before action was started................+: Orders held awaiting data, ete.: High and; Came 22 sa ete ers teas roan sey seve 2 Prespass: 652 Fi cies wc alsetsce nlc tcc seriete air laehe) ater aeriage 4 RG cn ee Nee ie se eae 59 IG ee RE alten ala yes Sle Sea en oe aL Recovered “moneye. esse ica casts s Bie cages eee 1 Set: aside. conveyances... 4. a ret coe 2 ae 1 Execute judgment ........ OO ie SRE SCO clas 1 Puble Service’ Rule violations. - oi oles ie ae ge 4 Top-loppiig eon. ewe ew sie sceta ete lee hers pece te aes 1 Recovery of rents and taxes on oyster bed leases...... 1 14 CoNSERVATION COMMISSION 57 Moneys RecoveErRED THRovagH Actions BrouaHTt By THE Conx- SERVATION BurEav, ATTORNEY-GENERAL’S OFFICE 1914, Jan. Feb. Nov. Maurice Ey Rover. >. <2. «ss George, M. Hallock 2.020... 3. Georse"A, Gwen .4 .2s0. 00 3% Wane Mebauehlin« 0006.66 060 @haries H. Cooper ..% 2 24 s eee eb sinmnmey= fei tee .e seis 6 aie Ss. Gueocenbemm 2.52550 ss 6%.s POE We SURE We 4S oc sso s win oe 850 05 froman dice (judge.)... 5... < Ene Duneanc Wood. so ccc sms Wisher “Whipple o's. 56 as0s:<'s's N. Y. C. R. R. Co. (costs)... PADCEG HE LCINO Ts hose Oa cee ona Purity Blue Point O. Co..... Azel hy Mere oo acceso ces Merrill & Bayles ............ WOHR WELTY ee 2a) ate core ce ore Glenwood Oyster Co......... Cleveland DuBois ........... Pat Vs MOMe: (505 t 6 se taeie's Andrew Sullivan: ..:.0......% Hdgar Call (costs) ......... Wa FS Cochrane: Shere auenier co's 4,000 Bare meNtpl OV GCS alr. soni Silele < more 5G spae sau are 9,180 Fish hatchery, Warren county, examination of eae Nice Se coe Sh a oka cca. ww hve al elas Te 11] Fish hatchery, St. Lawrence county, purchase DIL EOTESUg ho) 0 7 ee AR a A 2,036 Game bird farm: MRIMIBEM ANC Cts. yc Otoolt are cies Wale Giiaie ce e.nle ea @ 5,754 MEO NOA ATIC | os. nia oy si ccrcic ome ss e-oee Ss 8s 1,500 Hunters’ License Bureau: SRD EDSE ass. 3 Spi ee goa ec a tths mem oe 3,895 MINE CLASES. oo cise weg ed Stason ene 1,500 Sarita a ENCES; TCG 3 A. ide a arn 85/8 o's sicini aes 08 4.014 Porat CMIPIGVERS 675 lates cc, Sess ws ois eek we wes 1,500 Tagging machines and tags, purchase of....... 1,091 MMe SAME EWS -2 oc o's 5. . coe are eae Sehroon. - 2. 3... 22 14 Poke-O-Moonshine*........ Lor MB Ssex wert oe Chesterfield.... 6 7 EOSPECE opie Seine s coe se wc 2 | Warren Caldwell...... 24 20 ERQHG AXE Bet oe nce ey pen 3 | Herkimer-..... Webb..... Be 8 2 SiR VG ERIS | 1.) Branklm 2... 2). Santa Clara. . 7 13 Slicke earn pees Se eee Ce | Pye Wikstere eee oe Shandaken.... Bereta auie tee ahs) MOM gegen Nk. 4 | Hamilton...... Indian Lake... 29 6 Sti Ilwater Snort eA RRS en 3_| Herkimer...... Webb....... ae 42 22 SWede site ent, nmr tess d oe aa ZoalsWarnrens «=... Hague Be 18 10 ROMAN YE Ale Sol se cle see 4 | Hamilton... .. PATHE CLA toners [pits neo ete 2 RooleyRondioe.coc sees Se igolbawrence. a) eC lareue nc chit asa. ee 5 pEWaAdell eer ape a we a ane 5 | Delaware...... Hancock 13 2 Vanderwhacker............ ZuNeISSEX ec Ol 2152): Minerva....... 28 12 Wrakeleyes. oe on ease 4 \pHannitons5.5-. Lake Pleasant 5 3 US CSTD REPS Sensi ai a na Sn amilton.).. ..:. Long Lake..... 1 EA biel haga & Portes ay Wihitefacewens > ater ve feqaibicgex «2 a... Wilmington.... 19 15 Wrocdinmi sett ol cts 3 | Herkimer Wihmurt:--.2 -- 26 + prota ARRAS ese Oe ae ee eter ree [Pi sseiate sian Sy ms Bc: 816 503 | | 84 Fourth Annuat Report oF THE Special efforts have been made to improve the service on the telephone lines owned by the department. A number of the old lines have been repaired and improved; and some new lines have been built to fill in gaps which appeared in the telephone system. In order to facilitate the making of prompt repairs to telephone lines by observers and rangers, ten new linemen’s test sets have been. purchased and distributed among the members of the field force at points where they would be on hand in ease of line troubles. | The following table summarizes the construction of telephone lines during the year. Nearly all this work was done with ranger labor: Telephone Lines Total miles Miles built State line 1914 Distr ct to date HUE oe RW ee tr clade ruta Bune del a tyeee 1 37 Eps Beare Naya cae Duet tend Cian ON ME ANON Eee ania mcoriy Sts ay ye ae 30 98 DY Pooh BiA aca. 10 en vor oe LasiaeneD lo lac stan spratiaeouamegtersoitel tc 4) 54 Hi Ree Oe eee ee 3 78 Bache gis haul aura neens sii dah (al ONE Mins eaters 2 20 APotals eye eae Gees gist eve eaeeuane ne 41 287 In order to render large unbroken blocks of forest land more accessible to fire fighters, the rangers and observers have been directed to work at clearing out trails during wet weather. Con- siderable has been accomplished along this line, as the following table shows. Trails Cleared Out 1914 Dis*rict Miles DL aera eC ele csr eas PG anioal arian hs er Aenea tg MAR UC Pit fre 20 DI Ses ily eg ca saate Gu PACING Harte ena tor ale lie gaa eh ea SiR Gera MER 30 Be ai Ry eS tale elias! FRAME Set Cencletneaain POR ER oma a ay cece 10 AW Pg eee go inh Sash ie Wc RAMAN 2 LAOS ASS ate SEL RR Sen cae 0 DU ec irene sol fae aR AO Ao al a Oak aa NGO.) oe (einem meena 6 ConsERVATION COMMISSION 85 The so-called ‘‘ top lopping” law remained unchanged during 1914. Its enforcement has been carried out conscientiously by the ranger force. Practically all lumbermen operating within the areas to which this law apples, have done the lopping in a satisfactory manner, only two violations having been reported. These cases are both pending at the time when this report is written, 3 Mention should be made of the co-operation by the State De- partment of Highways in the reporting of forest fires. In Sep- tember a request was made by the Conservation Commission that the Highway Department instruct its road patrolmen to extinguish _ small fires when they could do so without serious interference with their regular duties, and to report all fires to the nearest forest ranger or fire warden. The Commissioner of Highways acceded to this request and sent letters of instruction to each patrolman employed in the area embraced within the fire towns. In this way, an auxiliary force of seventy-two men has been added to our ranger force. The reporting of fires by rural mail carriers has been continued as in 1913. There can be no doubt that the assistance of these persons is of considerable value. Many fires are started each year by persons traveling along the highways, and these fires should all be picked up by our new auxiliary observers. The tables accompanying this report summarize the fires of the year classified in two ways — by counties and by causes. The preventive and protective measures have held down the acreage covered by the 413 fires to 13,837, as against 54,796 acres burned in 688 fires in 1913. The expense of fighting fires was $13,978.18 in 1914, as against $42,979.04 in 1913; the damage done by fires in 1914 was $14,905 as against $51,455 in 1913. These figures show a great reduction in both acreage and cost in 1914. While it must be remembered that 1913 was the worst fire year since 1908, still there were two or three periods of great drought in 1914, namely in May and early June, in September, and in late October and early November. The last period was especially dry in the Catskill region. FourtH AnnuaL REport oF THE 86 eC ee wee eee eee eee ee ww we —————— | eee ee ee we eee eee eae Ce Ce er eee eee eae eet eee eee eee ee wee eee eee eee peAo.14sop. 4 ‘0390 ‘sdurpling JO onjeA eee ee eee eee ee wee eee ee ewe eee eevee ome) lelelien eye CC ee CC ee peAorjsop | poAorsep “aja ‘10q -UIN] ‘SdO| jO on[@A 086‘E1$ OLY‘ L OTe ‘9$ OLP' L$ G16‘9 OLZ requir} suipueys jo on[vA Tg o78B MA 809'T 689 SOI 698 ‘Z LG0‘S CLES oP Oe SQ as: ieee COT ‘T L6L TI8‘T Ze 8Lg‘T (oc SOT FSL‘T 092 'F 108 ‘T OI STV. LOL og fof onc Rael ase COL ‘T L6L TI8‘T oe 08 Gere es 8S0'T C6L 199‘T Ze AS eee eel el AE Ss bn Se Soh eh ee Were he ee ape lt anode Sel ea eine oes etme chen mee I I pees Ek eson er parma s 9 cooden OF I 10... | STTINS.LVO (| re ee ee SS eee BLS ‘T 1S¢ 801 PSL‘ T 092‘F TOS ‘T OT ere eres ca ee | eee 1 ge Ren aaa 02 Ogee alter ae €6 PET cle ¢ DOR Es Be UG olor itan Bes. 608 ERT Tel i Boe aes | econ ay ee ore ers a oe oF Les er Ri Vmeoe oe chee eure Ny eee eased Ome GZ GOT Leer Se Pe ce eal ee ee 98 zO1 oe pees fet [Kone g lode om G ied lees oy| acc eae og PADS ae Al), cera ie P LIZ OF g Ui bee go oO ae ca ale aera Ab [eee ce ee oor ltt O06F ‘T 9 06 OST ‘T E88 ‘T OOF if GT 6h ST ¥Z C&s GSe oean te Se able aan ae) LEC IUCTa SRe| A Saas OF C6G Te ieee SMOVANOUVIGV ysnig rc, | gory | aqe AA | ysnig eee aia | puooeg | UILSITA GaNuOg GNV] @LVLG saTy aT Ganunog aNV] GQLVAIUg SHUOV sayunoy) hg ‘FL6L ‘sassoy aig 48aLoy7 8261S LOZ‘ E 122° O1$ TLL‘ O1$ TILT L9L L00‘T 69T TOL Sle TGI GhV 99 LOL‘ SE 9FL‘Z LZ0‘1$ so1y sunyysy jo osuedxe T®30,L 2S eile Gi y, FI6'S 9 €26 ‘6 67E F16'S v9 PIL‘'s | O€ VE ac Il | GT oct | OT €26'6 6VE cP 6 L8G Vv O88 ‘T 6P G6 Gt erat 6 SLE IZ Lt (ail 96€ GV Por v €e9'7 89 Z80'T 9S 989 its euinq Leas e : aud © STIPISI2O cee syoepuolIpy Ee LT Ifa] Foe PeATTTNG vi sc eDeneMey nlelens audelr) UdLle M "** - 90TIMBT "4G Sib olel sam Lelae C30} BIEBG Sitar oreo aoyn | Deo E0020 BONO XOSsi] ALNNOO CoNSERVATION COMMISSION *4U0}XO0 UI 0108 [ UBY} SSO] O11" Fn ff lf [nf SPS | OLPS | OLP' L$ 1g 0€ 88 aa | GOT ‘T L162 | IT8‘T o& FI6‘S v9 oe cae ey te eee SLO uy - Weer fs - Fant Bae co ioc Tera ee ea See : BR eGRG A ousruap aba art Br ccahic oan Re ee as veveee | oveeene |reeeee | peeeee | eeedee Leen |g ; Pr : ieee eee e cme tpaadurag SUCHiVith iON hie) Godel | eee ene Ciemen® 0% see eee see eee eee eee see eee | re er) I z 5) sie ene > Zz Bo eee ANC DOULOO CT Jo) a erent e OP eal are ee ee Ce prorat [og S sieves eee eevee ogugauint og US OCPD CC beh op Tees OSP 0S oe og es © Bee 0S OOT GPT og CoP ¢ Oi 0 0 OR Oho “ssUTplIMq suring Certain Oa 00g 0SZ ee eee eee ee eee 6 se 6 ee eee OFS Og og eevee ee 008 Pp S) es) Us 6 ee 6) ew ere “puvy SULIBI[O Lett Ob tate (OO el eT a shee Sa 009 eee eee ee eee ZG eee ee ee eee GL SRP ee eee 919 | 9 POCO OO OO a I TO *“s10qUN FT Rares et -orte Beate pees [wea [Geran n [tensed | tag oe 206 : Ort 2 62 tebe eee seen sees egrgqOUg Oe ee ihe OEE coal cadag ; itiarealys eigen. fe ie as steih lBa oe ue Witjoucrona aay ey Senin STIIMS.LVO CIs ors: | oTa'os || toe Weze'r |snog |"sor.- | voucn | one | Toe"t | OF Sob Graal seve cctas capes etiee “eq, Wigs METIN A osenrcactetes || aah tad eens oan, ve Sinker etets Gay COE aD ara Rete acraray nAeee ayierit oUt hier ae sce onremie ne se I reeeeeesss + ouIgue WOTQOBL], Ls SORE OSs Ata 3 eRe | 2c MOV LAE gas ale a aren aaa eae ated eaeae ad eres Pe A on rset ‘ rece eres TTaTaNeg ee ae ai Ve teaiabenh OF ccaticagl Secs nat) Shiite | ste A jaetoe te cam fe Toe Ce net eon cea Aicny capt eel le TeCeRO rT a Gy, eaernne ween atin eats e aise ue © Sema ke fhe Wane Pig ate @ it Ge es ers H Oru s) Srraeteibatsccdststit a oe P]| etataclum om bo shanna’ OOT bea poro cheluneied Peet iec mice) Diievip) wikal'e wi elte picehe 02 SisieLienebie 0Z I rrreeeseses g19831Tp SUOBUIX) Savane Rieet lehaeteaP cotinine peti epost : teveen [oobheee [oeeeeee bige revere | oeeeee | ge 2 CE SOM sea OE Gee, RRR: tad Mota REE. : ee See URN ca cpg cas | cee is oie | a eae ae RMS eC ee lec tage BRR ca Cag Sem SEA amare ae ae) Saat aes ae Ome cl | a len. lie Scie ae, ; See Ce ee ae nha eek enteral te og Ch (loro nea nL anwany sre siaheewiets MG a yee “erry weer ZOL 88 erst OG OFL 6 teres sss e8urping suming 0Z er OMe oy OGP CP rat (Pa eh Se ee Ce Coc eth bee OOO I GI 89 Pao CE £8 5 OL ORO Ch oy Oo Ce pur BULIBITO Oc elo eed COZ see eee He Ty Cet SP a eo, G L9 ¥Z Criy ete t a} Ill IZ Se bees bere 8) selene S10 301d A110 g, UG eas an aaa eee ea ext VOSA Ica io nae alae CROCS geo. ets iP 68 p20 lwerees att avis ilshp nce ance SOATJOUIOOO'] Cu error saat, foe Qieed PLASC areca in bar ec} ORZ nie 8 eas nivatie Senate I g Dis ute ele eh ZI G POL 9z Limon Se ORI ODO Arp as Oh ofl a arene eas em see | (ee hia'c Vea tin .eicrey Goze Zz e Le OPP GT I LY $P e 68S LZ Tad nevrehcunpecmsizaMemeten mance Areipuoouy CE saTh eda te | ere te ROMs 09 R61 1 Gist 1 | ertlaage G Zz (oy ley aoe LIZ. Pah dae tee MR RADIO eta OR Oa, siodures) ae Ecce O66 eT ge penal ea oe 08 cer g0g lense Org Be) [ticker ete res teen. sx6yun Fy Sean ees ae ezo‘e | gor | gar‘ | ¢z 18 L2v't | 668'T | 919 I e7o'g | Ze ae eee > mpunTe ate ces ooes 0c6$ OF Cig acne Sea ea gez | ost't | tes | 1 RGU lay oO ee te sre yOulg SMOVANOUICV aA01}80 . MOI3 MOIS P Noha P pedorjsop | poxorsop | oyseay | ysnag Heaea Tah, O18B MA | ysnag. BoA ae waa penaia ‘so0u0 hia fe bee a ee ae exvorow | S010 50 3 Burana -uIn| ‘sso, | Zurpuwys j— jejoy, «= [POTN qSViO TO ONTe Ay | o> teers Leas aaNUNgG ANV] aLvig say anNUOg GNVT GLvAIg sayoy sasnoy) hq ‘FL 6] ‘sassoT alig 48007 \ Fourta ANNUAL REPORT OF THE 88 eee eo ee we peAo14sep 6 019 ‘soouoy ‘ssurpying jO OnIvA jo onjvA | jo one, aqaNung GNW] @ALVLG say adaNuog GNW] GLVAIUg SsauOVy (pepnpu0y) —sasnpy) hq ‘FL6L ‘sassoy ag 1sas0uy O18$ 086‘ S1$ GIP 809°T 6€9 sor 698 '% LG0°S ZI‘ GP LES ‘ET GAYS ale rane pete + ae s[210.L OLIV OLF 2 1g 0€ SS eaeaG ere GOTT L6L | 118'T GE b16'e PO ci RN SS STIPIS380 00S OTS '9$ T9€ SLo'T Tg¢ SOL PSL‘ T 096 ¥ Tos T OL £66 6 Gh Gh ela ts in SS SOEpUONpY STV.LOL _Y)MOis | Iequity YjMOIs | IOquity peAomsop | poAorsep PEE ANS | ere pace ca A SIS CANS 3 | Ste puooeg | UIsITA pewing “990 ‘19q requity EEE NOS soy jo aSAVO -UIN][ ‘sso, | suIpueys 1240 J, raquin \y ConSERVATION COMMISSION 89 Less than two-tenths of one per cent of the area under pro- tection was burned. The cost of protection on the entire area of 7,270,000 acres included in the fire towns was less than one cent per acre. This figure includes salaries and expenses of the fire protection force, expense of equipment, and the cost of extra labor employed to fight fires. There were four bad fires during the year, three in the Adiron- dacks and one in the Catskills. The first was in the town of Keene, Essex county, and burned over 425 acres of State land. This fire was thought to be of incendiary origin, although all efforts to apprehend the offenders have failed. The second fire was in the town of Santa Clara, Franklin county. It started from a small fire — probably left by fisher- men — when a terrific wind sprang up on the afternoon of May 31 and swept the flames across 1,550 acres of State land before they could be controlled by the fire fighters. All but eighty-five acres of the above area was land which had previously been burned over. The third fire occurred in the town of North Elba, Essex county, in the latter part of June. It was apparently caused by the carelessness of some person passing along the trail from Lake Placid to Mt. Marey. The fact that the fire, although in an al- most inaccessible portion of the mountains, did not burn over more than 200 acres before it was checked, redounds greatly to the credit of the fire fighters. In the Catskills no great damage was done by fires, until one was started near Mt. Pleasant, presumably by hunters, on October 12. Although quick action by the ranger force got men on the fire line promptly and kept them there day and night until rain finally came, a large quantity of timber was destroyed on the 450 acres burned over. It is interesting to note the effect of the period of dry weather as indicated by the accompanying tabulation of fires classified by months and counties. More fires originated in May than in . any other month. May-is ordinarily a bad month for fires since the snow has mostly gone from the ground and the green vegeta- tion has not yet appeared. These conditions prevailed this year, and to make matters worse very little rain fell during the entire month. 90 FourtH AnyuaLt Report oF THE Forest Fires, 1914 — Summary by Months and Counties Monts COUNTY | Mar. | April | May | June | July | Aug. | Sept. | Oct. | Nov. | Totals ADIRONDACKS Clintaa eS os 05 aes rae of 10 8 3 6 2 ee 1 Spi WSSOX S207 Sans sleet oe 2 1 11 12 10 9 1 4 6 56 Hrankdims: gai aoe eae 1 25 12 8 14 2 5 1 68 BUG yaks ph wes cee Sack . 1 Dy le heaod alls cee chess VN pice, es + Hamilton ©0040 3 ce.) 7 Us 1 6 3 17 il 42 Hlerkaraier ie. ai. nies 1 1 1 1 6 SS6 2 anes 12 Wewass eee ie se bees 1 5 4 2 5 1 2 1 21 Oneida yo fn eae sea nae ace 2 ae ae Ree ce se 2 Saratovan ence hoes Et Z 3 pee 5 Ae @ eae 12 St. Lawrence........ sae Cg ee 19 U 1 12 4 6 bee 49 Warren 4. Anes etc a meas Nae 15 10 5 a se 3 3 43 Washington......... 2 ee 1 3 72 1 9 TOtaleanes wae 2 5 98 67 32 73 13 45 14 349 CATSKILLS Delaware..... Piste haters 10 3 a iL | 1 1 16 Greenitie chat en es S iies 7 2 1 2 ie 2 15 Sullivan==2 nese oe : | 3 1 Gh eeu Aa 1 3 WISteris.: eum 3 9 3 ; 3 12 i 30 MO talepre ce | | | 27 | 8 1 | 2, | 6 16 | 2 64 SUMMARY Adirondacks......... Daerah 98 | 67 32 73 13 45 14 349 Catsiallsh: (eee 2 27 | 8 1 2 6 16 2 64 Werexs LAw Under the provisions of the Weeks Law, an allotment of $10,000 was made by the United States Department of Agricul- ture for the use of New York State in protecting the forests from fire on the watersheds of navigable streams. Of this amount $8,000 was made available for use within the area included in the “ fire towns.” In 1913, the allotment for use in the fire dis tricts was only $5,000; but at the end of the year the Commission requested that it be increased to $10,000 in 1914. The allot- ment under the Weeks Law depended upon the approval of an item in the United States Department of Agriculture appropria- tion bill which came before Congress last spring. Letters were sent by the Conservation Commission to all of New York State’s senators and representatives in Congress, asking them to work for the passage of the above item. Practically all the Congress- ConsERVATION COMMISSION 91 men stated that they favored its passage, and the bill was finally passed. New York was allotted $8,000, which was used to pay the salaries of seventeen observers on mountain stations for six and one-half months. During the dry period of the early fall eight additional observers were designated as emergency employees under this act and paid from this fund for a period of about five weeks. The cooperation of rural mail carriers and star route carriers was continued as in 1913. Two fires, according to the records, were reported by these men in 1914. RECOMMENDATIONS The greatest single need of the fire protective organization is an assured and ample appropriation. In my opinion, the com- plete summer force of rangers and observers should be appointed not later than April 15, and in some districts these men should be on duty by April 1. During the past two years it has been impossible to do this on account of the uncertainty as to the amount which would be available for the work. Furthermore, there is need of at least eight new mountain stations. These stations should be constructed, equipped and manned in the spring of 1915. The equipment at all the mountain stations should be gone over and much of it renewed. A few of our lookout towers are becoming unsafe and should be replaced with steel towers. The publication of a Manual of Instructions for the use of rangers and observers is strongly urged. Copy for such a pub- lication has been prepared and could be made ready for printing at once. A manual of this kind would make it easier for the field employees to do their work right; it would greatly lessen the work of this office in correcting errors made in the field; and it would improve the efficiency of the force. With but one exception our rangers are being paid sixty dollars per month and their traveling expenses. The maximum salary which the law allows a ranger is seventy-five dollars per month. Rangers’ expense accounts average thirty dollars per month. I believe we would be able to secure better men for the position of 92 FourtH ANNUAL REPORT OF THE ranger if we should pay a fixed salary of, say, eighty-five or ninety dollars per month with no allowance for expenses. It should be stipulated that, where necessary, the ranger should keep a horse. In order to pay the salary mentioned above, an amendment to the statute would, of course, be necessary. There are a number of rangers who have been in the employ of the Department for several years. Some of these men have proved their ability and their experience has made them more valuable for the work. I believe that small increases in salary should be given to those rangers who have earned them by meritorious service. The area within which the Conservation Commission has juris- diction over fire. protection is defined by section 97 of the Con- servation Law. This section enumerates ninety-seven towns in the Adirondack and Catskill regions which comprise the pro tective area. The intent of the framers of the law was apparently to name the towns which would include the more densely forested portions of the regions in question. However, in the Catskill region there are large areas of forest land outside of the present fire towns. In Greene county the town of Halcott is largely forest land. To include this town as a fire town would not only extend fire protection to areas where it is needed, but would also facilitate the administration of the fire law by rounding out the exterior boundaries of the pro- tective area. — : Quite another condition exists in Sullivan county. Two forest towns — Neversink and Rockland —in the northern part of the county are now included among the fire towns. A belt of forest extends around the outside of the county, although the central portion is agricultural land. In order to facilitate administra- tion, I recommend that the entire county be included in the pro- tective area. CUBA RESERVATION The plans made last year have, during this season, been put into effect. The survey to locate the boundaries of the property has been completed. Seventeen concrete and numerous iron monu- ments designating corners have been erected. Such portions of the property as are suitable for camp sites have been surveyed CoNSERVATION COMMISSION 93 into lots. A map showing the allotment is in preparation. ‘Two hundred and sixty-six lots with approximately one hundred feet frontage each have been made. Careful consideration was given to the preparation of a lease. It was determined that five years (the hmit defined by statute) was the most desirable period that could be arranged. ‘The lease requires payment annually in advance, contains restrictions as to erection of buildings, and provides that assignments of lease shall not be made without the approval of the Commission. Various rules and regulations (published in full below) were adopted and made a part of the lease. Rules and Regulations Governing the Use and Occupation of the Premises Leased Pursuant to the Provisions of the Agreement Hereto Attached 1. No permanent structure or addition to existing structure shall be erected upon leased premises without the written consent and approval of the Conservation Commission. 2. Tents are not to be pitched without the written consent of the Conservation Commission, or its duly authorized agents. 3. Before the work of construction is begun the plans of any proposed structure must be presented to the Commission for writ- ten approval. 4. No dock or docks shall extend into the water of the lake more than fifty feet from the shore line and such lines to be de termined by the level of the spillway, without the written consent of the Conservation Commission. In case, however, the depth of the water at the end of such dock or docks is less than four (4) feet such dock or docks may be extended to such depth. 5. All buildings shall, at reasonable hours, be open to inspec- tion by officials of the Conservation Commission or its duly au- _ thorized agents in order to determine if the provisions of the lease are being complied with. 6. The Conservation Commission or its duly authorized agents shall have the right of passage over any leased property. 7. No business of any character shall be conducted on premises herein leased without a special written permit from the Com- mission. 94 FourtH AnnuaL Report or THE 8. All cottages shall be equipped with a fire extinguisher of a kind which shall be approved by the National Board of Under- writers. : 9. In case of fire of any character on or near State property, occupants of State land may be called upon to fight the same with- out pay. 10. Firearms must be used carefully so that there will be no danger to human life or property. 11. Each privy shall be equipped with removable galvanized iron cans or any metal water-tight container and the privy shall be built in such a way that the cans may be easily removed. 12. Each lessee shall provide a plentiful supply of lime and dirt and use the same in any privy on said premises and such privy shall be cleaned and all fecal matter removed by the lessee at such frequent intervals as to prevent offensive and unnecessary odors. 13. Every cottage shall be equipped with an iron garbage can with cover and all garbage must be placed therein and shall be re- moved by the lessee at frequent intervals. 14. No garbage, dishwater, sweepings, bottles, broken glass or waste material of any character shall be thrown in the lake. 15. Each lessee will be held responsible for his leased parcel and must keep it free of broken glass and debris of all kinds. 16. Stable manure must not be deposited within thirty feet of the shore line and must be removed at least every two weeks. 17. The Conservation Commission reserves the right to pro- mulgate and enforce regulations in regard to contagious or in- fectious diseases. 18. No trees or shrubbery upon the reservation shall be cut or mutilated without the written consent of the Conservation Com- mission. Horses must not be hitched to trees. 19. The Conservation Commission shall have the right to plant trees on any location which will not interfere with the proper use of the lands by lessee. | 20. Lessees shall do all in their power to keep the land and water of the reservation clean, sightly and sanitary. 21. The Conservation Commission will require that order and decorum be observed at all times. CoNSERVATION COMMISSION 95 22. Lessees are required to assist in the prosecution of any violations of the law committed upon the lake or upon lands owned by the State adjacent thereto. : 23. To best promote the interests of all concerned, the Con- servation Commission requests that every occupant of the reser- vation promptly report to the Conservation Commission or its duly authorized agent every infraction of these rules and regu- lations. The foregoing rules were duly adopted by the Conservation Commission on the 13th day of May, 1914. A conference was held at Cuba with a committee of cottagers and these provisions were finally accepted. It was also decided that $15 was a fair and equitable annual rental value for a lot. Since May ist leases have been executed as follows: memecouace lous. ab pio oe fe ee Pe $2,505 00 imepeathouse site, ate$o. 5 hee) ALI. Seo. re 3 00 weericnlguralsleases ts. or Ps AS se OER LY 121 20 me ORCU PC UUATE Ce rato Oe ert 10 00 linialivrevenie (eros Pie. . idee. or $2,639 20 The only fixed annual expense is that of a caretaker, who at present receives a salary of $600. There should also be a small sum for miscellaneous expenses. We believe that a large number of additional leases will be applied for next year and estimate that the gross income will reach $3,000. The wisdom of the statute fixing a policy for the use of this property and providing for administration thereof has been markedly demonstrated. The people residing thereon were form- erly “squatters” and there was no one in authority. They wel- come the security of a lease, the effect of authority and benefits which accrue therefrom. This has led to a definition of area. They now feel secure in their rights and are making improve ments. -The general aspect, the sanitary conditions and type of buildings have been greatly improved. The State lands about the lake are practically treeless. Inas- much as this is and will continue to be a great summer resort, 96 FourtH AnnuaL REportT OF THE we should at once begin extensive tree planting for shade pur- poses. A plan to carry out such an idea has already been pre- pared. An appropriation should be made to carry on the work. LEGISLATION The past tew years embrace a period during which there has been much discussion and effort put forth along the line of advanced forest legislation. The central feature has been the State’s control over private forests. There have been many per- sons and various organizations interested in these conferences. Many proposed measures have been draited, but the bill intro- duced at the last session of the Legislature was supposed by its = sponsors to cover the situation. The principle of the proposed legislation was State control, in some cases optional and in others mandatory, but in any event, the owner received relief from taxation and usually other benefits. The main features of the bill were embodied in sections 88, 88a, 88b, 89 and 89a. For the convenience of the reader an attempt has been made to prepare a synopsis of the several provisions. There is a distinction made according to the location of lands. The classification depends upon whether or not they are located within either the Adirondack or Catskill parks. Each section will be considered separately and in order: Section 88. This, the first provision, is the entering step. It is entirely optional, and may be said to provide for a declara- tion by an owner that he desires to place his property under a system of forest management, controlled by the State authorities. It applies to any private land within the parks and to “ unim- proved,” “non-agricultural” lands whose value is $10 per acre or less if located without the parks. The prescribed procedure is an application by the owner, an examination by the Commission, submission of a plan for management by the owner and approval of the latter by the Commission. The advantages to the owner are that it permits him to be entitled to the benefits as provided by section 88-b (State to reforest) also section 89-a (State to pay taxes). Section 88-a. This section in brief means compulsory reforesta- tion under certain conditions. It is applicable within the parks CoNSERVATION COMMISSION 97 only where the forest growth is destroyed and the land is unim- proved and non-agricultural, provided the owner does not enter his land under section 88. 1t provides that the owner of such lands shall after notice reforest, or if he fails, the State shall do | so; that an account of the cost shall be kept and that the expense incurred by the State shall be subject only to existing liens and taxes ; that interest shall be computed at 4 per cent. simple. Cut- ting of timber is made subject to State control and the expense incurred by the State must be paid before removal of the timber. There is no provision for tax reduction but the State cannot be reimbursed for its outlay in excess of 50 per cent. of the stumpage value. Section 88-b. This provision provides for the State to contract to reforest private lands. It applies to lands entered under sec- vion 88 if in parcels of 300 acres or upwards. The owner may apply but the State must reforest when such applications are made. The future lumbering is restricted. The expense of planting, with 4 per cent. simple interest, becomes a len on the wood growth only, but the State cannot recover on account of such expense more than 50 per cent. of the stumpage value, on account of such disbursements. The owner is entitled to the taxation provisions of section 89-a. A cutting tax of 10 per cent. is levied in lieu of taxes advanced. Section 89. This is the present provision of the Conservation Law relative to taxation of forest lands. It was amended in the bill so as to apply only to lands without the Adirondack and Cat- skill parks. Section 89-a.-This section provides that the State pay taxes on forest lands under certain conditions. It is applicable to private lands in parcels of 100 acres or upwards, whose land value is $10 or less per acre, situate within the parks, provided they have been classified under section 88 or 88-b. It fixes an assessment value of the land, exclusive of minerals or improvements, for a fifty- year period. Lands covered with forests or lands planted may be included. The cutting is regulated. The land and forest erowth shall be separately assessed. ‘The owner shall pay the tax on the land as assessed. The timber shall be separately as- sessed and the State shall pay the tax. A graduated cutting tax 4 Se 98 FourtH Annuat Report or THE is provided, which is paid to the State as reimbursement for taxes paid. I'he State Comptroller has some authority in limiting ex- penditures of money in tax districts. The Commission opposed the passage of this bill for the reason that it contained provisions believed to be contrary to the inter- ests of the State. An analysis of the several provisions and of their application will, we believe, convince anyone that the facts more than justify our position. A full discussion of this bill was set forth in a statement, made by the Chairman of the Commis. sion, as follows: “Our opposition to this law is based upon the broad ese that it is grossly unjust to the State. “ This statute commits the State to the policy of expending the moneys of the State for (1) reforesting the denuded lands of private owners; (2) paying taxes upon the value of trees growing upon private lands. “No State or nation has ever, to my knowledge, undertaken to expend money for the improvement of private property or for the payment of taxes on such property. “Some States pay taxes upon their own forest lands, and in rare cases States have exempted some woodlands owned by per- sons from taxation; but no State has ever before, I believe, actually paid the taxes upon such private property or expended moneys thereon for the improvement thereof. “A brief digest of the provisions of this law will serve to eluci- date my point of view. I. The State Required to Pay the Cost of Reforesting the Denuded Lands of Prwate Owners “This statute provides that the State shall at its own cost re- forest all lands, ‘ suitable for tree growth’ situate on any water- shed of the State provided that (1) the value of the lands alone, exclusive of any trees thereon does not exceed ten (10) dollars per acre; (2) that the area of such lands is not less than three hundred (300) acres in contiguous parcels; (3) the owner classi- fies the same as forest lands, and agrees to conduct lumbering operations thereon according to the plans of the Conservation Commission. CoNSERVATION COMMISSION 99 “The cost of reforesting such lands with simple interest at 47% shall be a lien upon the trees (not on the land) which may grow thereon, subject to existing liens, but in no event shall such len exceed fifty per centum (50%) of the value of the trees at the time of cutting. II. The State Required to Pay the Taxes Upon the Value of the Trees on Private Lands “In the event that the lands so reforested at the expense of the State are situate in the Adirondack or Catskill Parks, the owner shall be exempt from the payment of taxes upon the value of the trees which may grow thereon for a period of fifty years, and shall only be required to pay taxes upon the value of the land exclusive of the trees. “This provision for the exemption from taxation upon the _value of growing trees not only applies to the lands so reforested by the State but also to all private wood lands and timber lands situate within the Parks, if such lands are classified as above. “You will observe, therefore, that the only tax which the _ owner is required to pay upon his forest lands within the Parks is upon the valuation of such lands exclusive of the value of any trees thereof. Such valuation shall not be increased for a term of fifty years. The foregoing provision applies to areas upon which there exists a valuable tree growth as well as to denuded lands which have been reforested by the State. ‘““On the other hand all taxes upon the value of the trees shali be paid by the State for such period. ‘The assessor of the Tax District in which such lands are situate is required to assess the value of the trees annually, and upon such valuation the State pays the taxes. Im short, this statute provides that the State shall pay all taxes on the value of trees which enhances in value year by year and which is the most valuable part of any forest land, while the owner pays taxes upon the bare land which, ex- clusive of the trees, is generally of very small value. “In lieu of all these taxes paid by the State the owner is re- quired to pay a cutting tax of ten per cent. (10%) upon the value of the timber removed from the lands reforested at the expense of the State and upon all other forest land a graduated 100 FourtH ANNUAL REPORT OF THE cutting tax varying from two per cent. (2%) to six per cent (67%) of such value according to the time of cutting and re moval of such timber ranging from ten to fifty years. ‘The foregoing is the gist of this proposed law. In the case of denuded lands requiring reforestation it provides for a sort of copartnership arrangement with the owner of private lands to conduct lumbering operations thereon. The owner furnishes the land while the State furnishes the trees and plants the same. - The owner pays the taxes on the bare land exclusive of the trees at a valuation fixed for fifty years. The State pays all taxes on the value of the trees which increase annually, and at the end of a period of fifty years the actual cost of reforesting with simple interest at four per cent. (4%) per annum plus a cutting tax of ten per cent. (10%) is returned to the State, but in no event is the State entitled to receive more than fifty per centum (50%) of the value of the timber subject always to any prior existing lien or incumbrance. “With regard to all other forest lands in the Parks, 1. e., pri- vate lands not requiring artificial reforestation on which there exists tree growth of potential value, the owner pays taxes on the value of the land only, and the State the taxes on the value — of the trees in lieu of which the State receives a cutting tax o. five per cent. (5%) of the value of the timber removed at the end of fifty (50) years. | “Reliable estimates based upon experience show that the aver- age value of the Park lands exclusive of trees does not exceed two dollars ($2) per acre; that the average cost of reforesting the denuded lands is eight dollars ($8) per acre, and the average value of the timber on cut lands where trees of potential value now exist is about six dollars ($6) per acre. III. The Effect of this Proposed Statute with Respect to De- | nuded Lands “Tt is estimated that there exist within the State 430,000 acres of denuded private lands suitable for tree growth to which this law is applicable. If reforested pursuant to the provisions of this law the State must expend three million, four hundred and forty thousand dollars ($3,440,000). In this proposed ConNSERVATION COMMISSION 101 venture the State furnishes practically the entire capital — to be precise, the State invests eight dollars ($8) every time the owner furnishes two dollars ($2). The State assumes the entire risk of destruction by fire and storm or injury by trespass, and at the end of the period can in no event receive more than one half of the value of the crop. The owner has practically noth- ing to lose and everything to gain; the State has everything to lose and nothing to gain. Would one private individual enter into a similar contract with another? Wiull you undertake to reforest my denuded lands upon the same terms ? “No business man would think of doing such a thing. Very much less would any sensible man make such a bargain if he was required to pay all taxes upon the growing crop of trees for a period of fifty years. “The State of New York owns to-day approximately one hun- dred and twenty thousand acres of denuded lands suitable for re- forestation. These lands should be reforested before the State enters upon the task of entering upon a jug-handle arrangement to expend its money to improve private property for the benefit of private individuals. Why not bend its energies toward the reforestation of its own lands? “Tf the reforestation of its own denuded lands by the State fails to insure adequate reforestation of our own forest covers, why not purchase such ands from the private owners and plant the same with trees? Would not such a course be wiser and more in tune with a legitimate governmental function than to enter into a copartnership arrangement with private individuals? IV. The Effect of the Taxative Provisions of the Proposed Statute “The provisions of this law relating to taxation apply to two classes of private lands situate in the Adirondack and Catskill Parks: “(1) Denuded lands suitable for forest growth. ““(2) Cut-over forest lands upon which there exists a stand of trees growing of potential prospective value. 102 FourtH AnnuaL REpoRT OF THE ‘““A conservative estimate of the quantity of- such denuded lands is four hundred and thirty thousand (430,000) acres, and of such cut-over lands one million seven hundred thousand (1,700,000) acres i ‘The owner is required to pay taxes on the value of the land alone exclusive of the trees, viz., two dollars ($2) per acre on an average, which remains fixed for fifty (50) years, and the State pays the taxes upon the value of the trees, which in the case of retorested lands is eight dollars ($8) per acre, as shown above. The value of the trees upon which the State pays taxes increases year by year. “Assume for the sake of argument that the average increase in value of the trees in each case is one dollar per acre per annum. This is a very low estimate — much below the estimate of ex- perts — and, moreover, it is obvious that unless such increase in value exceeds this estimate the State will not receive the amount expended for reforesting lands with interest added. “Upon this very low basis of increase you will observe that the average value of the trees for fifty years will be on reforested lands twenty-nine dollars ($29), and upon cut-over lands twenty- eight dollars ($28) per acre. “‘ Let us further assume that the assessors fix a valuation for taxation purposes at sixty per centum (60%) of the actual value— or, say, twenty dollars ($20) per acre per annum on un average. The records will show that the average tax rate in the Adirondack and Catskill Park section is about two per cent. (2%) per annum upon the assessed valuation. “Therefore, the State in fifty years’ time would pay out in taxes twenty dollars ($20) per acre, and in lieu thereof would receive at the end of such time a cutting tax of ten per centum (10%) or five dollars and eighty cents ($5.80) per acre on re- forested lands, and five per centum (5%), or two dollars and eighty cents ($2.80) on cut-over lands—a loss of fourteen dol- lars and twenty cents ($14.20) per acre on one, and about seven- teen dollars and twenty cents ($17.20) per acre on the other, making a total loss to the State of over six million dollars ($6,000,000) on the four hundred and thirty thousand acres CoNnSERVATION COMMISSION 103 (430,000) of denuded lands requiring and suitable for reforesta- tion, and over twenty-nine million dollars ($29,000,000) on the one million, seven hundred thousand acres of cut-over lands. “ One-half of this loss would be sufficient to purchase all these lands and defray the cost of planting such as require reforesta- tion. : “Tt may be that some of the figures taken are not without ques- tion, yet we have endeavored to assume rates of growth, land values, rates of tax, stumpage values and other conditions which do not prejudice our argument. In some instances, higher figures might well be taken, but if so, the State’s loss would be greater. Any errors of this kind will not materially vary the calculation or fail to show the futility of such a law as an example of State policy. | “Tt 1s, however, apparent that the State could by one-half the proposed expenditure acquire and reforest this area and thus be the owner of the property. Whatever indirect benefits would re- sult would similarly accrue under State ownership.” FOREST PRODUCT I again submit statistics showing our annual forest product. These figures are for the year 1913, because it is impossible to compile data of a current year in time to incorporate in the re- port therefor. Reports have been received from all the known mills in the State that operated last year. A comparison of the total product with that of other years shows a continued decrease. Comparison of Forest Products by Years Year Feet B. M. OE ee Ba 1,226,757,365 Pre AR evs cs eg. 1,091,164,710 1 ADS Ped Shae ee ee Sie ree ete pe a 927,933,291 MO Ie re APC er eear me ngnab ht ca. 972,596,685 SE are whee eet epee ees Mates ees aes wm ate Shs 942,545,269 ut OS a Mee ee gins Ser 851,391,367 104 Fourth Annuat Report oF THE Forest Product 1913 Lumber Feet B. M. Spruce ic. PLR e eee ay ee eee 35,492,950 Fremiloeke oi en Se 121,867,000 Pine ny eee eee oe eee eee 66,200,650 Maple cs ee a een ee eee 71,553,900 DiC nee eee 28,568,950 Beech tee ree tn ene eens 40,313,250 BASS WOOG rt ace uniel ccna ea tea 24,818,294 hae ce ehh na anc nen water on arate 24,788,250 COSI Uiigs 1G: ere eve meas iene, | 16,683,700 Hin ee te Re 11,016,425 Yes) J eRe Nasa MUM Baca Tali auth 9°92:7, (00 Poplaimai ns doi aues atten cats cet eae 1,864,525 Cor yeiige eer S Aree anges oa 1,298,120 CR Oriy ite eke eee See ya 2,856,700 alec: 4 econ cea ae aunt arti e tale ane Meek 360,900 Cremer i ee weer ens 204,750 BariteriGte 0 a a rae Laon antec 69,225 Ore OEM cir Ly ir stea nhl Dae caRI ean ee ee 21,900 Wallnwr to lh oh pa encom anges c 59,550 TEGCUSU caps AeA exe ata Gl fe peclttee eet hod le 180,450 Hammlamackay stiri oe cose enone wens 23,750 Blackwswalnuts akan Gee ee. 12,3800 SVCaMONG igi i GEN ey hak Ou eeuats 5,000 GROW WOOU een a ite auc eee ieee 1,600 Grim ee eee ee 29,000 Toca ee ee ee 457,718,839 117,072 cords, equivalent, B. M... 393,672,528 Grande socal te Gay were eh ac aes 851,391,367 Number of Mills 325 1,481 1,028 1,172 549 821 1,183 871 DUT 758 927 202 255 381 © ie 0 se) a) ©) Jey fe) (ars CoNSERVATION CoMMISSION 105 Round Wood: Cords Hor excelsior) Jains, alcohol; ete. . 2.2 .c2e oo. 258,703 . Pulpwood: Sig 05s ahs oe Se ne eee ae 327,905 eismlinckars a. soe I ek 38,078 eealeatetsy tis ese Ie ws WY oS Fas 42,930 aremleea per attain ] | | | PER ACRE ToraL VOLUME . | Number acres s | in type SPECIES sett eres (plani- | metered Per cent volume 15 per cent | rh Board of total board for defect | ap) feet slams feet board eae vie feet [BAZ JIS ENT Tg ieee ae ene mM 14.51 12533 1,730 7A BPA 24 lent Oekee Ceis e s ee e2 403.08 342.62 | 1,730 592,753 6.65 Beemer hs. hose ees 1,257.53 1,068.90 |- 1,730 1,849,197 20.79 Bixcheetcr cS aunt seh): 2,698.84 2,294.21 | 1,730 4,086,983 45.59 Wir lesep wi sie aks PN IB4Se28 00° 1. 1462007) 1,730 1,982,580 22.28 JSG) 5 Gen GE ae eee 56.73 48.22 1,730 83,421 .94 Basswood tery ohn Nach cnt: 202.81 172.59 1,730 302,681 3.40 Miascellaneous. ........5.... 6.96 5.92 1,730 10,242 silat SRotalieres ox a a eee tune 5,988.69 5,090.79 | 1,730 8,899,178 100.00 | | Taste 2.— Finat Estrmatre—- Rince Type 1,495 Acrzs | | | Perr ACRE ToTaL VOLUME Number os _acres in type SPECIES Volume Gols Full reduced aed Be t volume 30 per cent one ere Board et aT board for defect ro feet CE ate feet board map) volume feet IBalsarnien ce ne eee rye 470.92 329.64 1,495 492,812 9.18 Hiemlocieut 4 s)he anes aie 6.96 4.87 1,495 7,281 Filo BCBG Ia uce rare hs) Nice ciate ic 216.21 151.35 1,495 226,268 4.22 Inch os en Cora Pantie ieee 3,730.96 2,611.67 1,495 3,904,447 72.90 ING E24 0) CRS ice OI a cme ENA caacs 620.82 434.57 1,495 649 , 682 Leas PAS ae eae on ler crse te Fe aie cmd DS rane Pew eee WAGON HN Peet cl AOA yt ie a er eo Nin. Guston ne Basswood Oat et Ie ee eae ti 2.43 1.70 1,495 Deore 04 Miscellaneous. ............ 69.15 48.41 1,495 UPASSV ER: 1°35 hCG FES RS ea a Dele o. 3,582.21 1,495 5,355, 405 100.00 126 AnnuaL Report oF THE CONSERVATION COMMISSION Taste 3.— Summary oF Estimates (Ati Typss) Being the merchantable stand on 1,730.48 acres of the Slope Type and on 1,494.81 acres of the Ridge Type; a total of 3,235.29 acres. Based on Tables 1 and 2. ToTaL VOLUME SPECIES Per cent Board feet of total volume ] BYEWISEN ci Yearetea ee ae eee SEN EAD Aegis Whe lpy cane MAIN ON CEES aE React 514,133 3.6 As Koya aUKoyel ceemecen tern eeu eeM RU ANP CAL cat stiie a aver ts Lane et al ue eat 600 , 034 4.2 PBC CHOIR Sie Te MALU SIG OR RCNP «ies tr Rates a ew WEN et ai aa 2,075,465 14.5 ES oc) o rane ERMC Stata Ut alan tale e RE NAL SE | Ae ten Obi Es hn a i ANG 7,961,430 55.8 Hs IY 0 Va stenscay arse ale tae ent eave Se Nome (iat ecsh vaeahiye alga ren EN 3 2,632,262 18.5 Sri iea ie Ge EEC RNR Ce ea 2a ee ee tret gc ee cso 83,421 .6 Bass wOOd in). oe Ue ies ieee Giie melas iti inaiiks Nita cme Heel faa a 305, 223 PA Ge Mascellaneous-hardwoOodsh tie Gee ieee cent eters 82,615 6 SIE 2 ea ea TU Aeneas Fe Ut ee RU SAS SRNR DARN aa) Sey 14,254,583 ft. b. m. 100 AG VALE! PCLIACLE! StH We AEP i aeal are lar aera Miche rai ear eietnat 4,406 ft. b. m. The necessity of such a tremendous deduction for defect is explained in the forest description. The map, which accompanies this report, is based upon strictly horizontal measurements. Topography was adapted from the Phoenicia and Margaretville quadrangles of the United States Geological Survey. In future work of a similar nature, eleva- tions could better be secured by means of aneroid barometers. The location and names of the chief peaks is somewhat different from that shown on the geological survey maps; a new name (Mt. Leonard) has been adopted to distinguish the high point of Big Indian mountain from the peak which is locally known as Big Indian. All the original figures have been kept on file in the Depart- ment of Forestry at Cornell University, where access may be had to them at any time. A. B. RECKNAGEL. Iruaca, N. Y., June, 1914. 3NIN 3dAL FOIA | | NUN AASOTS fe YANO LND ON3931 G}4ON OF4L AZAYNS NOILWNIVWA AG GAYFSAOSD WauW AO dWW AdAL AaAUNG |erho}oay *C'f\ rl6l p AINA 714NYHO9O LSIOOO =I 1749S. wous ALISUFAIN ANU paidopy Audesbodoy Ka\Saao4 Jo juawysivdag Kq paasvdaig WYOA MAN dO 3LVLS Y31S1N JO ALNNOD NIWYVGNVHS 4O NMOL LOVYHL NOLSONIAII € NOISIAIG yp ONY €'2! SLOT QNV 2 NOISIAIG € LOT SAYSSIYd 1LSIYO4S VIUIYSLV9 4O NOILYOd m a “ I o a 3 a r ° ~ ® i 1101 (Poo ms NY yoo 440 V3HIAINO Slby FOREST DESCRIPTION Byte. A The area covered by the estimate comprises lots 1, 2, 3 and 4 -of division III and a parcel of lot 3 of division II, of the Liv- ingston tract, in the township of Shandaken, Ulster county, N. Y., all in the southeastern portion of the Catskill mountains. The area is bounded as follows: On the north by lots 1, 2, 3 and 4 of Division II of the Livingston tract; on the east by lot 5 of Division III belonging to the Winnisook Lodge; on the south by the town of Denning; and on the west by the town of Harden- burgh. The total area, exclusive of alienations, is 3,429.04 acres. The topography is generally rugged with comparatively little level land and many steep slopes. The height of the hills ranges from 1,000 to 2,000 feet above the streams in the valleys. The area is drained by the following streams: the Elk Bushkill, Cas- eade, and Hanging-birdsnest creeks, tributaries of the Esopus; Biscuit, Pine Shanty, Peck Shanty, and Rock creeks, tributaries of the west branch of the Neversink; and the headwaters of the east branch of Dry Brook. Neversink and Dry Brook are Dela- ware drainage. The Esopus drains into the Hudson, but is im- pounded at the Ashokan dam and constitutes the main source of water supply for New York city. The slope ranges from medium to precipitous; the aspect on the north side of the ridge is mainly northeast and on the south side southwest. The structure of the Catskill * mountains is simple. The strata lie almost flat, with slight dips to the west, northwest and south- west in various places. Shale commonly outcrops on the lower slopes of the valleys, but sandstones occur higher in the section, and on the summits of the principal peaks the rock is generally a conglomerate, very durable and thick. The flatness of the strata is expressed in the flat summits of the mountains, a characteristic feature and one that often interferes with the view. While the valleys among the mountains are broad and open, their sides are often cliffed to a notable extent for some distance. This is due to the system of almost vertical joints, which are the principal EEE ANE OR ERE SO CE BE Bee Ci ae Se ee * See Bowman. ‘“ Forest Physiography,” pp. 691-692. John Wiley & Sons, New York city. [127] 128 Fourta AnnuaL Report oF THE lines of weakness along which secondary erosion and valley widen- ing take place. Abrupt ledges are frequent and are often a source of great difficulty in ascending a peak by unsual paths. To the vertical jomting and erosion along the joints is also to be attributed the successive steps which are common features of the valley floors and give rise to numerous picturesque cascades. (See Plate No. IV.) Although the Catskills were overridden by pleistocene ice, signs of which are everywhere abundant, the ice appears not to have had any important effect upon the topography; rather, it con- formed to the broad slopes, only shghtly moulding them here and there by the deposition of small quantities of glacial till or by the erosion of the sharper forms. The soil consists of a stony sheet of glacial till composed for the most part of a sandy loam. In the valleys and on the lower slopes it is of good depth, but becomes very shallow on the upper slopes and ridges. Places are to be seen where the surface of the ground is covered to a depth of several feet with large boulders, the only soil being a slight accumulation of decaying leaves and other debris. While in these places no water is ever found on the surface, it can often be heard running through the rocks a few feet below. Practically none of the land on the area described is of such a character that it could ever be used for agricultural purposes. In the forest cover the following types have been recounted characterized by differences of topography and composition of the stand: (1) The slope type comprises the area along the small streams and extends up the hillsides to the steeper slopes where a change to a certain extent in composition, but mainly in the form and height of the trees, becomes very marked. (See height tables for slope type and ridge type.) The most noticeable change in composition is the dropping out of such species as basswood, white ash and hemlock as one begins to ascend the steeper slopes and the prescence of balsam fr and black cherry on the upper slopes and ridges. The heaviest stands and best timber are necessarily found on the lower slopes where the deeper soil affords a more abundant supply of moisture and plant food elements. On the lower slopes SECOND-GROWTH FOREST — SLOPE TYPE YPE OF FOREST RIDGE T CoNnSERVATION CoMMISSION 129 in places where the original stand has at one time or another been removed, excellent stands of second growth hardwoods have sprung up. (See Plate III-) Although such stands cover only a small part of the area, they form a striking contrast with the over- mature and decadent stands which cover the greater part of the area. (See Plate I.) The original stand found on the slope type was composed of a mixture of hemlock and hardwoods. During the period of the hemlock bark industry in this region, most of the hemlock was cut, the bark peeled and drawn to market while the bodies of the trees, representing many thousands of board feet of timber, were left to decay in the forest. The massive trunks of many of these old specimens may be seen lying in the woods, now in the last stages of disintegration and decay. A few of these large hemlocks standing in the most inaccessible situations were left untouched (see Plate V), but their numbers were insufficient to furnish seed to fill up the blank spaces, and the faster growing hardwoods now occupy the area; that is, the stand now consists ~ mainly of beech, birch and maple, the greater part of which is overmature and suffering from decay and which could be better replaced by a more thrifty second growth. (Compare Plates I and IIT.) Conservative lumbering could well be practised on this type, since the character of the site is such that natural reproduction of the stand could be easily attained under silvicultural manage- ment. By so doing, this area could be made to produce valuable crops of timber, whereas, the present production is, in all proba- bility, more than offset by decay of the overmature timber. At present there is practically no reproduction of the stand. in the slope type. The removal of the overmature and decadent trees would afford an opportunity for the beginning of a new crop. (Selection system. ) The forest floor is in good condition, plentifully supplied with litter and humus. Underbrush is not very abundant, being con- fined to such species as striped maple, mountain maple and witch- hobble. The general distribution of the tree species found in this type is as follows: beech, birch and maple are about evenly distributed 5 a0 Fourth AnnuaL Reporr or THE throughout the type, but the larger trees are found in the moister situations where the soil is of superior quality. The ash and basswood is restricted to the deeper ‘soils on the lower slopes and consists mainly of second growth which has come in since the removal of the hemlock from the original stand. The hemlock was formerly well distributed in this type, but now occurs only locally. Balsam fir and black cherry enter into the composition of this type to a very limited degree only. (See stand table 4.) This type comprises merchantable area of 1,730.48 acres with an average stand of 81 trees per acre and an unreduced volume of about 6,000 board feet of merchantable material. There are within this type also 131.57 acres of unmerchantable burn and 72.18 acres of cut-over land, making the total area of the slope type 1,934.23 acres. Taste 4.— Sranp Tape Slope Type — Average number trees per acre based upon 84.86 sample acres. Hem- | Beech } Birch | Maple Ash Bass- | Miscel- |} Total D.B lock wood | laneous Esra AVENE AL alta ens .34 4.07 3.88 PN; .60 .60 78 12.79 CSTE ESPs Siang .ol 3.75 2.95 1.62 46 44 64 10.35 aaa ia a A 29 3.91 1.79 1.06 . 54 Laiil 36 8.32 LOE ys Laon: Bol 4.13 1.51 1.07 34 29 24 7.96 PET e aie Se Se aaa is .30 2-85 1.14 90 14 17 18 5.77 Hi eee inp ae cen Fol S}2al 1.32 75 Anka) 17 14 6.12 VSP Eee ak .23 2.66 1.24 74 07 18 O07 5.14 Ae i ee ire. 15 2.07 1.06 2, 5 lh 12 01 4.25 DGS eis test ice .09 1.41 WE I?/ 63 .07 OS is erotieress 3.45 GH ie eae .09 1.20 1.15 61 .04 12 3 ee 3.21 brain eee eee ea .09 .67 iL 1183 64 .05 (Ola eH Re a 2.64 ASS SAREE Si aaa 07 44 .94 49 .02 1 IRE anes eat 2.07 OT Reel ate atge coke 04 24 .69 aS .O1 OSs ieee 1.59 PAU Aa Site ti 02 16 .67 OO heres OB) ae hae ih Parl Deh eee eer vee ate 04 09 .61 Aoi 01 OM ap eer 1.13 D2 OM esate na a 04 05 .55 .29 02 OSU aeae 1.00 OS PCs aN: ERA 05 02 47 EAE) aie Remeron Heecaiti o' l haaean eee ik 81 DA i eat dap atye teve 02 01 . 54 DAY Ke aati OL ies .80 DD Se) etal cnet 02 02 .44 B18 ea eee Oe eaatens .63 ASN) eM Mp lec ao bar iil Tan aan aah (MA olor TN [lake rah .39 (S00) Be ENN aN EP Mee rl (Reve al .48 FE iis eae RRL e SEY 02 .01 .21 Ea HICSS) Ne | FO .30 VAL A OT IO eed OSH eae .19 HOY Fat Ne ieeeo rer tener Mh HGS a seul DOS She CR Malate Basu Raa scion ee ca Ree ke .09 QA Ee ee soo: ioe Soe aaa eee a ae .13 SO Tae oral Marner aneave Sal laren eee MI Catsresaa .09 SOQ iss vane: POI |e alonee .12 Ro) Gera a Sirirc uae a Age S(O UN iar -1i BO EG Manian pene Sans Ata ye .13 5S AE Mee aN RNG Kent ar BP eSuEY bey Bator alse] Her yh .06 NOSE re Vaiit teil eoecaetn tie | erie eae .09 ee ats UA tet ate hata getatae tr Bas lopet eee 04 al Fo Jee Rae elim icine Mie cared WE ey VB ra .O7 A ie nichts aehere (Os Bh MSE a .O1 PLO Biel le ater erga bere h Ut oc .03 Teas IMDS SSE NS HLS AI tan DeSoto Baio ANG eR SR FO oe) linmebcnen tins srin| Ke ee Dee Fey ie roe cgtrn| IPSN aaah .04 oO ee tes ET Gua aia aL reunion eerie Hulesarcons te Bo 08 Hiv Veta oteccosiah Ua Suh ty age te Ve sa .O1 BT le NEBR A TY leat es SI Ar ei ah tied AL a ace Mba os Ageia A ey tet GAG ce at Ta a De a | Be THe oar esis BORN essa Wii alce koe bak | RUM Tn Sl ONAN LOD Gee Boek) Ocala ES ee ian eee 01 0 VICI Une sa pi tances Pa aoa Laser NN tee at We Ps ARR a a Gece He et rah HIE AS AN Te ee he os g 71 | Viento oo eel ar ae aT Rael Neary Nl oA he lan FASE Kale C ar AS aca (be ee ——————_— qe wu“ —_qjK ~ qqjK er > ee “—\— 2.93 | 31.07 | 24.50 13.84 2.55 2.97 an 81.01 Total 3.62 | 38.35 | 30.24 17.08 3.15 3.66 URN OLD B YELLOW BrircH THICKET ON YPE OF FOREST SLOPE T op “e iu ConsERVATION COMMISSION 131 TaBLE 5.— Stock TasLE Slope Type — Average volume per acre based upon 84.86 acres, board feet. PBs EL. Balsam | Hem-| Beech | Birch | Maple | Ash | Bass-| Miscel- | Total ock wood | laneous | | Be... TE ANE | e a as cach I a 11.35 {oben | Ses en het ee nee crt ete emeec race uP gem ater all (a cheoe so | Meherete elites! sysi'eseod ts 10.19 4b) SOR SL Aas ea LCS It caters peyectationccs[Neagevanedas cto mise rexel eile seaer st |e aipi-ayess{| \eusnoeelsilie oe ewegsc eee 13.92 LO) eat ae eee Denied be Neko) | Paratat evens arcl| fee eaten aeral |e) shite erin] ie eosuel oll Siglepesssel lel wilavoret aie) « 20.71 LPR kici's) ote tays'a's OG ets OD lara ratrcaeiraneredl totloge totes haved Rereeon ch cis enrall Leteobetrel ‘as peiiauawere ai lic: ose pe lonevshie 25.15 1A) 3 ae GHIEZSE Sa erepecyer creel | tense seeveued| | Sravecepeneueuertescavelraere [len liesveeis Iloitens/ exe cates 48 SO a eas Coarse she wiaverarats 26.68} 220.78 73.16 59.94) 4.90} 12.60 5.81} 403.87 RAP ieee Pic xr ape ve lovin esha, 21.45) 2388.05) 100.70 85.68} 11.04} 11.04 1.15) 469.11 SE creo se ote icas|eecele = 6. sce 15.48} 200.22) 146.25 SOEAG RSs 190; OSGi we oso. 468.96 lds WISE Seine eae eeeercre 18.36}; 200.40) 167.90 OSNS2 ONTO} LGOGier wires os ‘ 507.30 ARO Mey ce foes fairs lacie, eissr es DIES AZO OS| LSt Lol) Ll 26S) oso LONSS|l. ssc. = 469.76 See Peete: oiinvist es oviye Vint See el olla, te 20.51 92.84; 174.84) 101.43) 4.20} 23.10)........ 416.92 Meenas ae GR a [re eats aires 13.60 57.60; 149.73) 122.96)- 2.54} 20.32)....-0:.. 366.75 PAM ee ie eteks siee | steve: aycie 2s 7.78 44.00} 167.50 GO| este t(D eicig eae 313.48 Mey rrr eis) eG |cierana are = 17.56 28.26} 181.17 SUa(3\ S245 Zan Ose ci ese 342.32 PA) a nal OO Ra A WC 19.68 17.95) 181.05 O2EOLleS S00 202 00iso he... - 339.19 208) 3c, Bib. CLCIG ORONO) PERC eR onc 27.15 8.28) 170.61 De ail Seer | ee Sskay hele Berea 301.62 eek FEO SSeS ROE ons 11.86 4.73) 209.52 84.04)...... Da LOersiers sree 315.35 eR eMe ol cialis aids o-<) a 12.80 10.66] 179.52 ADR LO) es 2a. Zod sAOie sue chie < 271.48 2B, 6.015 46 DR En | Cope eee eer (Cee 169.26 DOU ee rier erat acct sas eltercushe aeeiers 207 .96 AAT 6 dn Rit RIOR ceed (ee pat eae 14.50 7.13 58.70 AS OD Oscars sels rand (atasehe\| Mewes conats 129.28 7.85, 5.) 26.5 RO RBC Nee amr TSAO ietere eters chs 95.95 ALO eure s [oversee tesiiecoste 166.40 PORE ery sisteitier tease tlials auc gf eeewe cre oe 49.05 DOCU S Gericd (ackicneeell feucineneten 68.05 MU EAT Pt siaverell ve iasa cba etieveills a icee a cillacie 6s whee. 52.92 9. 80) 538. GEO eet 12.22 Bn See OP ae eee SUSO| Sy ses ayes 68.09 BOG rave, cto te las ape eo leds etare Toles 81.99 SPR To sf elon oy =i|leca cea? ak: Sts) ayase:s rel [Ns here! &, a6 38.94 HAD GOI sicrtevorel feereceteiel| (sisted ovenet 54.54 SVEN UI EER: rays! 5:|! Sater a sicw evel eile. de ole. a ares e a eye 27.16 NG OO eee a aia oes ereea tcvsncvel ote co 43.16 SUL oy sa alele SN oREeEn ICR on LOSOS| ce oct 7.09 SHOOT Core oe ahciltcgatertemcl teteserercn kere 22.64 OPM Pear tets. ciey|| snavens (410 cus Lid clave areil ole) 5) 6 alte cers ZO SEG | esas cy vere lie a; sy auclls' | Nensesceeeil ecat epshsvaces 29.56 Bblg o cise che, SR Elotous NBME CRO CSCO RS Rep Parnes EOD acto ovsira te le babenesS ee [hater ete: aol svebercesaenels 7.69 Marmara ota} fe arate veicsiciiravaiSrsienal|isteve.cuereies'| ie latarciater stoi] Slel ersiovsphrci|{Sia) eeseia| ict ore state fle evenatacsn cw [levelleielecelie isla a Cary eee one eee aievevehayel tale /aie tals lepeterrucsor eee Se DON etary ap rere th lz awaants rai Wee tat arg ROMER eesac. o's 8.29 Sie) echo Sic ER eeen aie iene Adi gid cdilomuine cl ictom boc lOO Gis aes 61Gb crein rel iS Greene te | hemi cheted (Seensiens crea] Caceres a 2) hose ee Reson? [Siete sede Inia oe ates oee | ceatios a eae cies [nsacvia gia Ala Ron to Cotati. UNCLASSIFIED LAND 0.5% ConsERVATION COMMISSION 151 TABLE TF Lanp CLASSIFICATION, ForEsT PRESERVE Within Parks | TIMBERED | NonN-TIMBERED COUNTY Nore Unclas- Total ene merchant- | Denuded Water sified e able fe ADIRONDACK Acres Acres Acres Acres Acres Bsgexta oes oss 164,232.59 | 97,889.55 | 29,723.13 | 2,432.00] ....... 244 277.27 Franklin........ 82,555.57 | 33,495.35 | 26,842.00 | 11,676.80 | ....... 154,569.72 Hamilton....... 542,942.33 | 32,492.88 | 23,711.32 | 22,364.42 | ....... 621,510.95 Herkimer....... 165,766.40 | 16,014.66 SO hot P2682. 15) loa. cee 189,983.84 St. Lawrence 18,730.91 | 10,278.00 | 7,198.58 | 6,695.07] ....... 42.902.56 SAPaAtOPa. oc. cies 1,860.00 37.00 ROO i ete ce een ela A 2,369.00 Warren......... 82,482.20 | 11,539.25 | 5,794.88 | 1,469.69] ....... 101, 286.02 Total....... 1,058,570.00 |201,746.69 | 94,312.56 | 52,270.11 | ....... 1,406, 899.85 CATSKILL Delaware....... 6,226.50 749.00 BELOUaligs 2 sre BS toe ns co 7,031.52 Cpeene. sss 4,789.22 | 7,845.54 622.50 2.00 36.00 13,295.26 Sullivan..... Fray h Sake le ea 57.00 eC OON aieie ce aye lla ea isu cole 114.00 ilgieet dees 65,045.38 | 14,697.40 | 1,077.85 121.50 54.75 80,996.88 otal: 2%.) 76,061.10 | 23,348.94 | 1,813.35 123.50 90.75 | 101,437.64 SUMMARY Adirondack...... 1,058,570.00 {201,746.69 | 94,312.56 | 52,270.11 |....... 1,406,899 .326 Catskill. ........ 76,061.10 | 23,348.94 | 1,813.35 123.50 90.75 | 101,437.64 Grand total..|1,134,631.10 |225,095.63 | 96,125.91 | 52,393.61 90.75 |1,508,337.00 152 FourtH ANNUAL REPORT. OF THE TABLE IIT © Lanp CrassrFicaTion, Forest Preserve Outside Parks TIMBERED NoN-TIMBERED COUNTY None Unclas- ete merchant- | Denuded Water sified able ADIRONDACK Acres Acres Acres Acres Clinton 6.0023 as 6,337.83 4,004.28 3,330.66 | 37,850.00 145.81 Wissexe Vaecweel 3,094.95 8,088.70 1455.13 | -56) 159-30) ee Franklin 2s): 7,402.00 2,145.00 5,520.51 1 O14 000 eae Fulton ceil 19,787.25 1,462.92 1,503.10 ERAS Ne ag Goc Herkimer....... 5,963.51 302.07 (GRP all WR rR oon at tT We wis. jaan «soci 1,380.32 2,201.43 1,119.63 1500 wee Oneida..........%: 2,193.00 1,979.04 107302) | 23729400) |. 2 ane St. Lawrence.... 514.00 1,987.30 1,222.96 | 34,000.00 | ....... Saratoga........ 5,412.00 1,912.94 374.60 QZrOOs ents tncee eee Warren... (20320. 12,958.93 9,941.27 2,272.10 | 28,692.00 | ....... Washington..... 670.00 1,095.00 378.00 DAR ASO, Oral Manley 5 Motals acess 65,713.79 | 35,119.95 | 18,411.93 |183,724.88 145.81 CATSKILL Delaware....... 3,924.25 1,111.36 TROD OOM eS eins 162.00 Sullivaneocoe le ee 766.60 PG 2 OS ar iss Ghee a eee Sele Ulster: ye. 268.95 1,433.25 BOOS goss aie 1,273.90 Totals 4,193.20 3,311.21 L220 SOs steno 1,435.90 SUMMARY Adirondack...... 65,713.79 | 35,119.95 | 18,411.93 |183, 724.88 145.81 Catskill 320.7) us. 4,193.20 3,311.21 Te 22 OO cece ae 1,435.90 —— | —— | Grand total.. 69,906.99 | 38,431.16 | 19,632.63 iss, 72435 1,581.71 Total 303,116. 10,161. 313, 277.3 FOREST PRESERVE COMPARATIVE AREAS ADIRONDACK AND CATSKILL PARKS 1508337. ACRES MERCHANTABLE Forest /9 4% IS % Non-MERCHANTABLE FOREST DeNupeo LAND 6.5% “UNCLASSIFIED LAND 0.01% mah fey een 4 roi CoNSERVATION CoMMISSION 153 The figures taken as a whole show a total area of 1,821,614.37 acres divided as follows: Merchantable forest ........ -... 1,204,538 acres 66.1% Non-merchantable forest ........ 263,527 acres 14.4% Weunded sakedsi 5.62. fps. ee Sse 115,759 acres 06.4% repre ote id Ln Sia s ok Guwic 236,118 acres tS 55/70 Witmelassted: 252i tac. oe wale sense o's 1,672 acres 00.1% They further show that 313,277 acres are not contained in either park, and that of this area 69,907 acres have merchant- able timber, 38,431 acres have non-merchantable timber; 19,633 acres are denuded; 183,725 acres are water, with 1,582 acres additional unclassified. The total water area 236,118 acres includes 183,725 acres outside of the Adirondack park, while all of the remainder, ex- cept 123 acres, hes within the Adirondack park. The large area outside includes lands under water in Lake Champlain, Lake George, St. Lawrence and Hudson rivers. The 52,270 acres of water within the Adirondack park are the beds of many lakes and ponds. 3 The lands outside the two parks are by no means valueless. The tables show that 55 per cent. of the Adirondack land and 41 per cent. of such Catskill areas supports merchantable timber. There are instances where such lands are very valuable and should be used for agriculture. Types.— It would have been desirable to submit information showing the extent and location of forests according to their character and composition. Such data is very useful and would be helpful in formulating a forest policy. Maps, which show the location of areas according to forest composition, are called “type maps.” They could not be attempted on account of the insufficiency of funds. TIMBER RESOURCES The amount, kinds and quality of timber found upon these lands will be of particular interest to some, and of general in- terest to all. These facts, together with the cost of lumbering, 154 FourtaH ANNUAL REPORT OF THE determine the value of this State property. -There are 50 many factors affecting value that we have not attempted to make an ap- praisal but have limited our efforts to ascertaining the quantity of each kind of lumber. Tables— The accompanying tables [V—XX show totals for all species, separate summary for hard and soft woods, together with itemized reports by species for each county. The figures are further classified and indicate stumpage inside and outside of parks. COMPARATIVE QUANTITY OF TIMBER ON Forest PRESERVE g l j Z y Barsam <<. 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IGS IT G10 GT ane 3ck "275" S010 OT 1 (G29 © |LPS OT TOO'8 —-|eSZ' TE Tires esses ss" 99uaIMey "9g €86‘120* |899"9TE 1099'€ rst 10¢e'78 PEL SCOT «IPGL FO = STE GOL 1667 ee OCe, Tes‘eIT |GTB'ZST |1ZO'69h pe Sree Jauanyda A 689‘ PLE ISTP'969'T |9E9°8G | 6TS"9 6F'S9S |S26'F89 [Zh6'e8e | PLT 8L9'°S |" 1296°9 JTL TH 996 02 = 086 86h [104 609 T Jiri” crests esses moqforery 10196 | P8L'79G /8 962 Z9Z‘L61 |898°S0Z + jOSs'zst j|419 90h |" "108. 702'9 |L09‘60T 126.66 |S8c O61 | serees sss ss Ope 828'EL9 |F46°68S |209'T 669° LZ POI 'GL 098°L 681°E9 . |FE8°SEh 128s COO‘T |FEI's |88'0S 198°08 |822'66 |" " See ee Ona, epeos rer spoomiyos | oer -piey snoaury Ie[dog olde youg qoseq * [e310 Ai ~eUre J, Iepsd ould yoojmoyT | wresjeg ; sonidg 12903 TOL “[O08IY puery : ALNNO0 SaINadG SMUVd NIHLIM LG, GUYOG J ‘SHIOddg GNV SHILNNOD Ad ‘ADVAWALG JO AUVNWOAG —'A AIAVY, 157 ConsERVATION CoMMISSION —_ —————_—_——_—_———————————— ee oo TNOTETOEOEOOOoO —llleEeEeaeeeeee—___——_——__ eee $99 ‘OS 1¥6'S PIP GZE 1890} pueir OFL‘T9T |19T‘S 1g¢‘8T OLL‘Th 6699'S |619‘Fh |ST6‘S9T ITZT PROLOI co CCHLOl NLObe Ce mee O68 CG). | eee ees 1830} pussy 6Il'F 709'T ee eee 980‘T 089 Oss C1 'T see ee . eee 682. see ee eee eect cc es ferent ressescec ees ""**SHTYS}BO [BIO], TZ9‘ZsT |z¢¢‘9 Te9‘st cgo‘or |620‘S |692‘Sh |E6L‘291 {I2T 189'6 |FE9‘6z |29P‘2e UsTel Nae ese ae "* *sHOVpUOIIPY [C40], ae | | | ee maa Sea a ; eer See bE eer Nie eee he cri 6IL'F $09 ‘T cnefe reece Tore GON 089 0g8 000‘T eee wees CIZ C3) . . eeeee eoees eine] ef « ale 0 6 efe es 0s ceca (7.00 CY GE G08, Z1 : 49 OL ; CP ; 2g GFE eee eeee Ser | 16 nee . . OTT ee ee eee ereeee ereoe eee eewee UO}SUIGSE MM 296 ‘91 200‘T Bol ‘L EL‘ 196‘T GE9‘e 978 ‘21 "199g |0z6'T 246 OGb Peli ae eed ea EEE Oe UST A 890‘TE 85‘ 107‘€ 080‘L G98‘8 SBP ‘6 07692 ee SICGe Ss as SEP Fo |S00Le GAH fe eee as egies ees "s+ -e9oqBreg He io ee ba Wee eer fat 9911 06 a cr Ses ASS Rea cee nee eee eoueIMery “49 £E3'% eweeveeeveee eeoweoeree eee 1S¢ 000 Z OLP 681'8 sen ee ee eee 1¢¢ 9IT 911 ‘2 sewer eee . . ee . . . . ee eee oe epleuC, 966. Or SI 19€ GOT S8E $80 5a 6G €80'1 EP G0G 6S Ee eps Le thee tee ee BO T10°FE sper see|teareeterslanetny 10°21 099°9 Ou1‘¢2 ore ae zu |ize'z porn clesete sete beesecteet ee es edneee JQUTOTT F19 FP WZ & L¥L GLL‘OT $48 OL 10 81 G6P 8 Pau iret} 608 ZT 186 '6 (Ao Keht IR oe Sse age peace tne Gee UO TUM 11¢‘0Z 000 I eee ee eeee cgc‘9 621 ji LS8 G Sel OF seer . ZL1 CZE Zz O10 OT 979 ‘Ez ee ewes Ce ee ee eerae * UpYUBLT 6L7'Z 1g PRO'S Ze FFE 2G OFF'E eeeeee 09S 068 DAS CAHSEE FY sh at eeorereseee SONS Ske oe oe ree Se OBR 022‘& 8 690‘E 101 oP see eee . 186 ‘E e9 OSPF 00S 10S 19F‘Z Sperry Ionese Ses ie Reece eee es OUT G) spoom SpOOM ~ -pivy sea qejdog aide qourg qooo0g Pon & eps oulg j|yooTmeyy;| wWesjeg | sonsdg 1801 -[P08I] : ALINNOO SHIOadg SWUVd ACISLNO Lat] Guvog J ‘SHIOGdg GNV SHILNAOD Ad “ADVAWALG JO AUVWWAG —'TA ATAVI, 158 FourtH AnnuaL Report OF THE Taste VII.— Toran SOFTWOOD Srumpace M Bp. Fr. COUNTY TROD Eo) abet amar er mye sa han VAL Mri eal (hay ii Da. ah San ihe berber O68). 5 ies vine Gh incre te GUN el en eta te OWA Sete hl So RRO TTC Be Si A le Ne Uh any ee Wiashing toni athe ae send ANN ane eo IR) Ue ual nee ben DB Xzl ke ich elena mame nahi aS) Mies eile An NaN Doss (pum ITE Ass Ge Greene Se Ci tae SN As a cEe Ol aon hg oll Vea e IDI OU aIEARE TotaleAdtromaaclaseecy seccus ee ery Sacer ee) be Magen a awe ean IN Total Cats kal scan plo Mens s conve mulcuamina lel cae gilus ewe RC Within park 433, 854 406,617 "2,678,174 705,315 eecececece ee ee eoee ete eee ec eee cee ow 2,927 4,481,709 3 r) 4,521,442 Outside park 3,981 3,440 42,133 38,495 eee e eee eee cece ee oe ee 167,793 1,122 168,915 Total 4,690,357 TABLE VU. Torar HARDWOOD Srumeacs M Bp. Fr. = COUNTY SBT AT OL Ary rte eu ciety ae else CON 5 EES Hii tat Cpe pay NAUEEs Wins) apie Cae aoa 5 Tenn Oy aay all ARUN Niue BOR Meiauae eM Ara Me ats Weashime tome opens. Dao ere erat eal Nan isn a Gai nate! MP) OV a WATS as eee Ue ea icanisareee aneip rac, Mane a cae rhea tet hy clea Mb Total Adirondacks attire aie choke in eae en apne TotaliCatskall siya aa LARS Bina Sele Nl cele ape ah ea Within park eee ee tee ee 239,974 554,784 1,696,415 316,668 2,327 117,699 3,035, 588 129,529 3,165,117 Outside park eoeceoeoe re o 157,621 4,119 161,740 Total 2,327 117,699 3,193,209 133,648 3,326,857 CoNnsERVATION ComMISSION 159 Taste [X.— Toran Stumpacr, ALL SPECIES, M Bp. Fv. . Within Outside COUNTY spn ark Total Oa OT ee ae eae atlas «Nello: Sl ec Sas Susie cst oo tar cr wate ced Muve wate eres ote hie 7,201 7,201 FE SRC aa CO Sere a oie aka ols aes ahora et seeatalenenere une 673,828 5,919 679 , 747 ATTRA ANTM ee De aM Ce Pete eos phar a ethic laren oconare calle ala o Eceuat cea l' 961,481 62,704 1,024,105 TOUETEAG EEL, mies 0 eccrS w SR CU ESC oo CORI ORIN Ss epee Gar eee Ange RAR 83,109 83,109 TSE eee NRO NaS Gs aia Stet Cee eer BeceeNC MR Re co ert TERE eI aE Mt aire Serra AE STA SOSO® lew haw soe oe 4,374,589 1S Ieeyel ering ayey ed 1 Hel, ht i ae da ea Beate rat se i pe tay aU 1,021,983 59,187 1,081,170 TE BSNS a, 5 Sig IN aS aE a A oc are ce ae 6,021 6,021 CORTES ENS eee te ay ites ein ae erent Bacio, cr eee ea eee | (awa a ea ane ES 11,022 11,022 RS ieplicn TEMGO irae cere ai ctginre ei nbets eastaiteee ss Solar a tances mlarehore 118,499 1,801 120,300 ‘SEDPESTEG PL ce ERE I et Na te al Ve a a 17,923 58,008 75,931 AUVALIFE GTA enya ey eres Melcas alle lati vo couisnay okor one ee cayela aha e diare tel ewes dens 349 ,074 29,798 378 , 872 WUVES ITO L OTe pect tes ce tackaals co lsuatie a auet cha oewnieeralal cio @kih ioe MI wee ete es 644 644 WM ClAWATES weet tee ein eusicteeeu haenere SEEPS am eine Pee pe 9,748 5,119 14,867 (ETC OTIC R US RS CAR PRE ANE sleshin ehabis Sear Baus Lay al Lame TE RO 5,254 Nes Gemma areata ernie pcan sin Mie mame keep abaya gS af Olt loka 154, 260 122 154, 382 EROCAIWAGITONG ACKS eelsac ee oats heie Oe Ree ee ete BL eB Grane 7,517,297 325,414 Ue Sa eel POU ALe OES Ses ay ceici ttoa ae Ceeg drat Meals witlye fe van eabe s 169 , 262 5,241 174,503 (Grea eto tal wer vets (apse re ecel ecciesaiuseo ok ove stat ayeel aah 7,686,559 330,655 8,017,214 Taste X.— SPRUCE Srumpace M Bop. Fr. Within Outside COUNTY cane park Total CHUCT ROSES oad: SBI SG sO GOLF oe Nae EIS FS eet an CRS Rl WRIA venetian 2,461 2,461 LESS 2.5 cee Gye BO Os IONE Dig IEA RR eR Inet Hn pa 299 ,278 2,490 301,768 RCN Umer are iawn a oiete rer opoaticrcpapeualevc rei sishichte ge alacos 190,235 23,626 213,861 LT LEATIL Glbhght bb Soa eis Gre SU 98 Bit gos be ae oer Maer eet 15,670 15,670 MREIEICOR is edo ior a, Hietese ark cain 8 Sele e wisie «wishes OS a. TT GOOR ZOU ha ee see 1,609,701 tae rate ea ciate toler teleiete rata, Mad cteahens eeicia aie 469,021 17,129 486,150 EETHLE ~ yh Bases SHED IOI Dao TO REA aS IE RAPE RIE ( Me ene ae 3,509 3,509 2 SREITID es cee Cie eb eit ee RRR arene SING ade ES anni [RT Mg re TR Un CAl@ tl6 SE eBIE AW ETIGO Iti etic saci ciy ny emcee alae reiie eieteta Taek cudtetelaie 31,253 465 31,718 SHETEL UOTE Tasks oP GSB TRAE RI cae NSPE ce oases hey eer 2,700 18,219 20,919 JY PODGI o¢ papioge Me 3 0 SRD 6 eho nednG ec Se maeiee 82,251 4,495 86,746 Ras NTN OTE OTe srepemenel rari eh aia lat arches te ceuare oeclsiaere bin oo chara we hee ese 110 110 REECE C ee eestor eke ore aah oieee Rial wn ae Mare wi ga (2 Gat a ep eee e226 ils termr remem neki eat te dana ie rh ne iahat ote SONG 29 as Se ees 30,629 Pearl NCUNON GO ACK Ee. ice Nae mic miele acon ein alot anaes 2,684,439 95,890 2,780,329 Mota atalclllsnem aria hte te ta an a rect ioaare, Wie oa DODO Ihc Sra aree teats 32,355 Crandatotalersaae yeu. rma aie. Lachine at 2,716,794 95,890 2,812,684 160 FourtH AnnuaL REporT OF THE Taste XI.— BALSAM Srumpace M Bp. Fr. Within Outside = COUNTY park park Total Glib a seen ee elles Pele etn, ee iP eae esa ea De aC 507 507 SSO ea I a tec esas RU ey ye RE eM SOM SO Malis eae ea 80, 367 Bream cla rn ese ic erat coe ed i Sy eR ON eaten NGL Acree ati eee ear 99,921 16,010 115,931 AAV eo) 0 eae mp ur NO aA oes Ninel ce enieee aa di. SUM N MANE cn MniyaBOL Uh a kun 9,931 9,931 - EV eam GO ra poi ee id Be Re ee as Se EE noe ® 498. 980 cic. Ate 498,980 Grimmer eG a ae ol pet ate eames wy 122,215 2,327 124,542 Ee sak fa Ge et Pani ea Meee atau None belay OMNIA De A fe We SAR ASO Ot Coe oh ah a | 433 433 ONEI ae EN EO CRC te a i Le rT eT an Sh ASLO Gr TRC apa a RO 116 116 Sta wren ceteris We eh SS yaa ate mathe wane 8,001 558 8,559 Sataho ran ee rec Save aa sy ere ne a 793 2,008 2,801 WEEeN ach Reheat ea Meo See ana oo Bi arson Here E 57, 506 577 58,083 LS Ger cake tie ara teenie ROC IC ee AR Dears tn Lana aan ee Ne NCAR 1 oe SoM eet Rr Ee 1,684 otal Adirondacks ates vom as es nee 867, 783 32,467 900, 250 Motel Catskills Wee Ncw oe uae eines Ne oy Nae Seana Wal Shei ail cae ge apa ul 1,684 Grand totale Geter RUN GN EOC Mage | 869, 467 32,467 901,934 Within Outside COUNTY Smile park Total QUE a HELO} oVp\ eee oan ipee Un InaR Ea rsGt he RUNG U Manan Ur i dbatay Todd COG oe Ay EY A ON Sve Pi 500 500 ESS OR Oreos teat ete san Ua cee ecleRney ataiauaes yam Co rat uns ee rat 50,888 390 51,228 Ere TACHI Paeias eee ete ORO SHEER EU Ae Ch era 109, 507 2,325 111,832 SUL G ORNS: cases Reel eae ov AL et CRN AERC CSL NCUA Waa As niet ave 12,809 12,809 Ve Paha awd heron sip emrne teens pn ar AN aPSONIL wrteese Nu eN fies RUD eedUn ai Uo Afi I 8 S20F 965) aia eee 520,965 TG (res ouaelss Depmeteen UR me ey Aiealigiebains fied Raunt Shien ais, tl MUR lace i 113,821 5,720 119,541 Te Wass sah les OS FMM UE Ne ell cr rates eos ena coor ae ieee eC at aL 1,083 1,083 COPE Ne ise Na Cy CA St ie Ia UL A cD eu Mie CURL AHO tanto ie 357 Bye 7 Sts wren ceecn nyc ce ola van oie ti re te Le GARG a kW RENEE 16,241 15 16,256 Eris eral s( OL a2 NAIR i la eA eek URI A aMIEirA\ ey Quek ft oa sa Uap ee a8 eA Dn Ch 1,646 4,418 6,058 DE ee) 0 WA ee ate HS A eC URNe ay AM Utah Te ses NI pea a Mee 33,930 1,920 35,850 Washington sinclar e ecco ean pei aiecciey «ai: ed uiatilne er ererieeal| Mirai weat eae 97 97 ME aa AT Otel oct Men beers coe Wey ui arated eC REED SRUS DACA ALD R at 245 785 1,030 Gree ee ies SEAR EUSA se tN ue cea een one tes ARLEN DUE PAC ia Maurie slcsies 1,201 LOSER ey oars ea rar SPIT Meira A ee ae Si onic tot) AC UR oa a A OMA AR 4,248 4 4,252 MotaAdirondackisn oye cua tae rtae aul s eeksen ov eas a naoe 846,942 29,634 876,576 Aveta CO extskillse (Nite cules Utne rencteon aavahe terete ete Mtecen 5,694 789 6,483 GranidlCOta ies crcies cee cerianeney actos va clasts egras Mratal eeaher 852,636 | - 30,423 883,059 ConsERVATION COMMISSION 161 Taste XIEI.— PINE Stumpace M Bop. Fv. SAE Within Outside COU N ALR: park park Total CL HOES yc ae ee PS OS, SIs Sh Na de ck Tn Rr cae 450 450 Bn Kaen eS I) age oie ts A Be DS 2,134 560 2,694 sain ny Cane eee RT ee cee eT ge 6, 204 ae 6,376 EDED So hee Pe Ba RR rR rg RN ee Ne ti baa eee PTC (Ue er Er Ma TE EUTELE Pe eA GIe IS ge ca aig ey PRR a A RB ae 2 UNG Aled Bee Scere 41,571 le rlcererentie pte ete ee En tes Cet eo RN ER EE te Yt Mme EP OE [ee Are Ga Ub LLB TS og CA ed ORE oh EN SURG Meee MC AS at Math a eee I ie OA 52 52 Siplitwrence sm ay vee Oe CREE Re Oy ed | SSP ee 6,772 78 6,850 BREA OMe er et ae ere a eb ae head. emanate hanhons (ic: ote ion ele ee 1,000 2,295 3,295 DENT. SRO. SA NB RTE 2 CUP TUS Seta eae: Ea, OCT We arte 5,652 5,854 11,506 TRL EEYg NOTE Mo SHARON Ne ey Sie fo ec Bose, re Buliehel ek ene et'Y genta Crate Dye Ine 135 135 UD re eerie Biles Be ee RE cet em, GEMMA ROTO F eh eed ream TIN ihe ATONE os Gee 215 215 TRUTAS Saree 2 ea Bae Ms eek AR ag 8 arlene or ns A SO A Uc EIN 118 118 PO eC ACTRONOACKS Home entre ene ye uk NC age RANE 63,392 9,681 73,073 Teepe lt COE HELIO UE ES) Sie BO os Ba OE eee Ie ee ORE a NE AECL > Teer 333 333 Cera EO tale ee Abie Ne ie Ce ee ee ONG ne gL be fea 63,392 10,014 | 73,406 Taste XIV.— CEDAR Srumpace M Bp. Fr. See Lest Within Outside COUNTY eile ek Total COMAPTST OTE GS oh Sao ROU A et GE OS Ug Ty re near a a ag Ne On A 63 63 LEUSSISoe oa eA iste dae i ae eres Nae eatves (aes Ne Saat nce nes RUDE ae DOO as ors oe 1,005 Piper ha se ANS ee By ean Le Cae ME Pee Oe MOOS iris doe Eh ae 750 earn REE SERRE ne owe ARM AWN pats Bite ee! Gat Ah Ames, ae ee 6,957 SUIS Ee pony ey ene Ta eae hye Aeet eet pele, ON GN Al, wi hes se & eee aL Sera | 8 8 PUN TORU RY Ottmnae ) 0h (ee adi. cncs slo Aiea Meas ee 10,010 | 50 10,060 Morale Co MM miote Fie heen Ah lee Pye, 18,722 i21 | 18,843 Taste XV. — TAMARACK Stumrace M Bp. Fr. pea a ts Within Outside | COUNTY ele Soele Total BSS eee ee ieee ee ee ee re Re eS ats A DE PAY |e AEE Rae eo | 232 LE LSrol Fae TAVET ORES SUS SiH peepee oS ak as 9 FO A sag) an ee OO iA: Soe sae 199 PERO Lee Fay ehercne ee Gtr NAL, LOPE ST Se aera cal Ue. A Seca Bune 431 162 FourtH ANNUAL REPORT OF THE Taste XVI.— BEECH Srumpacr M Bp. Fr. Within Outside COUNTY : ark annie Total ISSO Hie via ora raat Geis Ea Hy Acer Se cca Sem alae 63,189 22, 63,211 fh ey a rd Dh s Ga A 1 nie OM SO Ce aN Deel 152,850 5, 857 158, 707 FUL GOIN ek ee a ue NE PA RM RI NN OR: ae ROU Gi) PN DL Laon Pe nan 18,014 18,014 EP amag Comes ee tye eens CE i LN COL lie CALS ga REY AA ea DOO MOA eM sealant Ane 383,942 - ROEREMOT Sc Ao ese er ae a tt cae eta Nae 64,754 5,660 70,414 GO WAS) Risy, Maris saotagey ct sans asin n NILE ANON Zntce uae Lan Red A ore aa zy EEA at 385 385 CO) ES I WRI BRS Sac Sd RS OU RC CEU Ra DNA lar Ue ty MGA) 476 476 Stsaliawrence. eee yee eae ay esa eA ana CT eu MUU eve ple 15,019 180 15,199 SATACO GA Cain nce nan He BEML WA aNCas al NA BURRS N VAI at 2,460 9,488 11,948 Wire HS 034, COA alone ea hy ae Pa URI ARUN Ret AAs SAS arte 38,336 3,635 41,971 Washington sei lee ele veo the eet eee seats he Rae INC i ease eo 52 52 Delaware. ...i:......-. CSA es AR Na Marfa a DL 1,935 850 2,785 Greene elon) sane Mramicn er ce ces teats a SRA RADI Wat a SQM peck piven sees ON 372 ONE) Oa er aren eaten in ERM Le aT LAN en iain MES MON eae STR Lt DEG QA a iaion de A 21,624 MotalvA dirond veka ieee sieve cate eet ee eat aA Ge 720,550 43,769 764,319 TotalsCatskills yen roe ieee ed CMnn CPB at pas data 23,931 850 24,781 Granditotal/ac ese ear nn hye oui kel aCe mance I a 744,481 44,619 789,100 TasLe XVII.— BIRCH Stumpace M Bp. F7. Within Outside COUNTY park park Total C ©) aT fo) RI ae ma Ne At AE Raa gS PN iss RUN Kh Sh aT 2 42 42 BESSO x Gach Riel setae iotarlsie aa vine ja nnelane Megenigin Oh gure ered IAL 72,360 344 72,704 PATS hs Nace so eT MUL anu Uni ek SOLU Ie AMM eceT e 203, 868 7,129 210,997 TRON e eon Meer AN aul yy ae ell aaa aL TRO Wi cana 10,874 10,874 OS 4 cab lop e Wr A nt Te pT DC AM AT Sua ata cen a ni ees EAD 684925 ie aye 684 ,925 Ne fay Zaha 12) sR ROTO Aaa Mania SIT ECT Racine Mana NN CRN 163,734 17,001 180, 735 DES 0 (SI RA ae ARTO ME PMT TS Le A atid ale ON COOL REVI Be lL UCN ru it SRR UG 165 165 Ql Wie res Sid GAT SC aD Mora PRA bl le ag | Mane ER 2,000 2,000 Sta wrence spe er aie me ie are mepet ela ten aatel Wi Meraee ane ua 11,755 153 11,908 Saratoga sey ne ee SN i aia ein Ri Ur ety Met ie tla ta 1,860 8,865 10,725 SWEET Tae a Oi AUU ey ane oe LAM SCAU NaIPERt Poa Alcon ah aM 26,600 | 1,461 28,061 Wiashinotom ceca Made crekue ei ae a se CST LN ae Uta i eee aoa 45 45 Wella Wares) Acute OMIA Web tienen UIE TAME uNlO ae 1,595 580 2,175 GECTE ee Se 5 aA ENGR eau NOE as REDE Oy Murua oe GOO oe Ok Se 600 RS Gers Seay erent ie care TIEN Nan cal Rue EN MIE EIN oo ME MUA Ste AOR SO GMA ei ae 40,596 otalpAGinond aeksyron cies She Ne PN ae Sta PRT SCS MSE NEE 1,165,102 48,079 1,213,181 MLOtal Catskills phe) ek ete HO cee SMCS Sb NN 42,791 580 43,371 Granditotal eer eg mei ai Valaaia ue crst nese Ln MaMa dee a al 1,207,893 48,659 1,256,552 CoNSERVATION ComMIssIon 163 Taste XVIII.— MAPLE Stumpacre M Bop. Fv. Within Outside COUNTY park park Total OLE TR es ey aaace ae arene eel ge erenone [asec ah oe ame 101 101 SESS XAT NI rH at cla SPARE crete leg bs tlgcatie ezey wise FBg Ae 32 75,156 Pye ce PRCT TRO rrp te eee ENE Se ay ct eg 7 ua) ey gece e eee 197 , 262 6,585 203 , 847 PREETI ee oie Uae eater tans alain ey tata ALE = PR Eee Bre eirers Areal ne 10,775 10,775 PEN eer TU OTL Ps Seo een oe che rohes DENG EL SU oo corer olon eos aueienene: sie BODOG S in aereewereiens 562,493 PERERA OTR rae rey) Seeds nate lens Ma nS Me sie efleratone rm eusyay a Staite 84,520 11,350 95,870 TECTIA ee Ce) 2 NER a A at A 1 SL SL eee See | [Vs 361 361 (OWES LEG St ee DON Ik pee eae ecole [RA oh RRO pera eae at | Asan ganic Amen ml 357 357 ele WEM CO ih) Seely payee iarava oleate level nus eiernue tareiape te raped tus 19,448 292 19,740 ISIPTEDY Oya i Ce aN ala Ce MRS NR eg a FU ea w alae Be 3,440 7,030 10,470 MCAT TAREE p Cetin tease cacmile E Cheek eh i AN KIL valU ead dBA 74,481 3,732 78,573 ANY AST ETC Ca SLOT ONS eA aS SON a PAL ee ae nei Sano VRE | | Sree oa OO | TO YSU EEL AS A SRE oR ae Step ec ee UTA I a ae ae 4,825 1,085 5,910 ECMO Aa eer gst mice nen uaieneh ser sy bite ahem RSNE TS Ola ee ueok te ene Sunt Shane SOMA hy sare ieee 891 NSEC E MN ere rae Re cic s ete ers) coataat suum ERCP VOM AIEAAT 4 SA Oza eer cri 34,072 pRotalWwAdirondacks is ays) lero. ceo wo sane clei ocicloain eee 1,017,128 40,685 1,057,813 LENG S HEN! CORY ESI Fer Eye OS a GR te rae Geant ne I 39,788 1,085 40,873 GANG HCOLAL raha Sree ye Cet airs eR AN oe 1,056,916 | 41,770 1,098,686 TasLE XIX.— POPLAR Strumpacst M Bp. Fv. Within Outside COUNTY nie mals Total (CUINSTI@PI a Ga aBey Be Wy a Ait eS ari Alles eater re aes et pie wen Mame Nae aD 3,069 3,069 JEASSOR 6S Ry Se ERO Sea IE ete EER Oe S LE tr EUs rsa eh 27,699 2,044 29 , 743 Jar pe TOUR Mr aa Bed RU a ib Na ee a aL CO as No |G LU RR ea 796 OMAR eee NU NE Helene tue We MA Rd Mone atl a OAPI yt) Sy | 2,747 2,747 TRIM GOIM ey UA eee nae hs eens me ee te I GS Geo pre eae ae an 6,519 TABI) 5 Gig Stas Meee OG cetera gD AO Go a RN A CHRO [ae poet 15 15 See RW ETACC eee pt ee Hie tea create hel oad, epee Seba ML a nua aebe ae oie 10 10 SHURE OE AST aie SAU Ca RO le Hi hae care aogier A Een Dn aa 2,040 3,401 5,441 WAVED US del real eee UY gaa ea nv ec ee ote ARC De 19,558 4,122 26,680 AV ESA OWA OTONN Sy Bah 8 5 MOF Dos AE i hoe AO ter rm | tno ira) Si 123 CO RYSL AEH CH BI i) RD ce ant Ca Ta eae ee ZOOM Weretae ia 200 LOU SCRES 2c cesta cae Ce CUR VSR en Nak TERE EAR TOSOSZ eles ake Ores 16,032 MotaleAdirondacks ys soley ee se eee pieecialarele creer 56,612 18,531 75,143: PO CAMO ATS RISE ya a tet etc cn Canes ahh GMOS 2M enue aeetee ets 16,232 Grandktotalemiiys spire Niet yeuidine tyes shee acetyl 72,844 18,531 91,375 164 Fourra Annuat Report or THE Tanne ox MISCELLANEOUS HARDWOODS igh M Bop. Fr. Within | Outside COUNTY park park Total Ura oy nV aI antec Tiel OMA ON NE IED AX MEAL HAN aia inka OT LE 8 | 8 SIS ED. SE ey PO Rea PRS ANS a Nd 1,602 37 | 1,639 Serpe Tara ees SRC I OE PA AU eS as OE Rem le SA a 1 ,000 1,008 Bilton seek Te Su cies neh Aras EON Ha beer e RUSe A I Ue tip REL Poca ey! Nd 2,204 2,204 MER ATTN G OU Te iste ye UN URL eae A en Nee ALR re RS bn ert DOWMOo ON yee eee 58, 536 BT erkamen yi) ey Sao iG Cae ie ee TON cele es SSD RUSH reap SOOO Ase Pe 3,660 OVS ee ee nde eee ee sl Es rN seg LCN WERNL(U GIAF Ree i MWY NL Cn AN ALO Er 10 10 DAL AGO Sa Uc URN MMR AE ON aE OL Se aU aU SA 1,999 2,284 4,274 Week re ih i che ARN Eee CA SOREN GGd Ute RCA A 10,400 1,002 11,402 Washington (nie ie aie a A) ea ce nun ht ae MSU 12 12 Dela ware ote UME Ma eau CONT aC Rega) aia es 1,148 1,604 ZO, Greene sis ee eI UN A IR ae) eA a ee ea NT QGAG is Melanie VG 264 ISCEr eNO MUN eee IER OT eA ARN RDU A ashilet yans Mia at en DRO Hoa Hak, Rovian 5,375 MotalvAGironGackse Gee lee eyeee Tay eae SUL mirc Mia aa 76,196 6,557 82,753 TotaliCatskills ey ye aes eGR OTN RU a Ese pv ei 6,787 1,604 8,391 Grand totaly Le Oe Raa RA EG ae 82,983 8,161 91,144 The total stumpage is less than we anticipated. The computa- tion shows 8,065,986,000 feet B. M. of timber sizes and pulp wood. ‘There can be no question but the figures are a very con- servative statement of the quantity. It is a matter of experience that ocular estimates when applied to large-sized timber are al- ways low. A comparison of tables showing the contents of trees indicates that in trees having diameters breast high, of from ten to sixteen inches, a difference of one inch in diameter will show a difference varying from 18 per cent. on 10-inch diameter to 14 per cent. on 16-inch trees. The average is approximately 16 per cent. of the volume. The eye detects inch classes more readily on smaller than larger sizes, and as the timber on State land is generally of large diameter, the result is an underesti- mate. The tables show that 97 per cent. of the total timber is in the Adirondack region; that 93 per cent. of the total is within the Adirondack park; that 54 per cent. lies in Hamilton county; that 41 per cent. of the total consists of hardwoods, and 35 per cent. of the entire quantity is spruce. An analysis of this table seems to indicate that the figures are not as high for hardwoods as they should be. The mixed Adiron- dack forest contains, on the average, about 70 per cent. of hard- ConSERVATION COMMISSION Gp wood trees. ‘The lumbering has tended to decrease the volume of softwood, but on the other hand, many of the larger hardwoods are very detective. These figures include only merchantable saw timber and pulp- wood. No attempt has been made to estimate material in small trees that might be available for cordwood, poles, post, ties, ete. The tables contain a vast amount of interesting information and deserve careful perusal. | CAMP SITES The constitutional restrictions do not prohibit the great forest region from being used as a playground, a place for recreation and health resort, but do restrict its use for other purposes. The use of these lands for this purpose is extensive. The prohibitions tend to temporary use and discourage fuller enjoyment and greatest benefit. This is a matter of such importance that it deserves particular attention. Hatent.— Table X XI shows there are 1,075 miles of water front- age in the Forts Preserve exclusive of Lake George islands; that 584 miles of this shorage is suited for camp sites. If the entire frontage were divided into camp sites with 200 feet frontage, there would be 11,600 available sites. The State should not lease more than a portion of them, and if one-half were left as public camping places there would still be 5,800 for other purposes. If we com- pare the vast frontage upon these lakes and ponds with well known bodies of water we will find that it is equivalent to three and one- half times the entire shore line of Lake Champlain in this State; or seven times the frontage of Lake George exclusive of islands; or the shore line of Lake Ontario from Fort Niagara to Cape Vincent; or both sides of the Hudson river from its mouth to its source. It is, therefore, at once apparent that there are sufficient sites for both the transient and a permanent occupant, also for those who can and those who can not afford to pay a rental. 166 Fourta AnnuaL Report oF THE Taste X XI.— Summary or Camp SITES | : Miles Range Total Number Total Miles ° : of of rentals of sites COUNTY ane rete waste | rentals 25 sites at shore per site per Mile |25 per Mile St; lawnencedi eae 35.75 14.50 21.25 | $5 to $50 $3, 746 96 Oneida ee Sea uae 2.00 1.50 1.00 | 15 to 20 615 37 NVATRED ASW Wun ule the 32.49 12.08 20.41 5to 20 2,601 301 fama Com Us ee 373.85 231.25 142.60 5 to 50 165,126 6,029 Clinton) oe 20 BA (5) 1.45 | 15to 50 2,770 EMME OTN )735/ 6 Me LU 25.00 ZOAOO Mi mae 2 00 1,250 625 Saratoga. ss s/n a in wi LO Ey ale TESS UH US RE UFR ENGR es AU 20 TTA UU Herkimer. (jh ina 204.75 52.75 152.00 5 to 50 21,378 1,323 SSO RI) ase Oialegeee tater Ns 186.70 80.40 106.30 5 to 50 28,115 2,011 Trea rally he ee ee ae 210.09 164.43 45.66 5 to 25 77,765 1,110 Adirondacks* ki Totals. Gene wen 1.075.83 584.66 FO beg Ll Met ane 303,266 11,600 * Exclusive of Lake George. Use.— The present use is restricted by the following rules and regulations which were adopted in pursuance of the provisions of the constitution and the statutes. RULES AND REGULATIONS Forest PRESERVE AND ST. LAWRENCE RESERVATION (Pursuant to section 55 of chapter 65 of the Consolidated Laws as amended by chapter 444 of the Laws of 1912. Adopted April 30, 1912.) 1. Caution must be exercised in building camp fires and in set- ting fires of any kind. All inflammable material must be cleared from the ground before fires are kindled. On the Thousand island Reservation, where fire places are provided, fires must not be kindled elsewhere. Fires must be completely extinguished before they are abandoned. 9. Lighted matches, burning cigars or cigarettes must not be thrown on the ground. Extinguish them first. 3. No structures except canvas tents are permitted. No tent so placed shall be leased. Any tent unoccupied by the owner may be removed by the Commission. On the Thousand Island Reserva- tion such tents must be pitched at least 200 feet away from any public fire place or boat landing. 4. Dancing in any of the public buildings is prohibited. 5. No one may claim the right of exclusive use of any par- ticular camp or tent site from year to year. CoNSERVATION COMMISSION 167 6. Defacing buildings, peeling bark or injuring trees is pro- hibited. 7. No boat is entitled to the exclusive use of any dock. There must be free access for all boats at all times. &. Persons using the St. Lawrence Reservation must not leave refuse on the grounds. 9. All persons will be held strictly liable to the State for any damage done to State property. Application was made to the Commission for permission to erect, upon State lands, ‘‘ Open Camps.” ‘The application stated that remote and desirable places could not be ordinarily enjoyed because there was too great a burden imposed in packing necessary camp outfits; that camps of this character could not be enclosed, therefore were always open; that they would be built at private expense and given to the State and thus not be private property ; and that they would be subject to rules and regulations of the Commission. The Conservation Commission, September 2, 1913, duly adopted the following resolution: Rules and Regulations, Re Construction and Use of Trails and Open Camps Upon State Land Resolved, That the following rules and regulations be and the same hereby are adopted in relation to the construction and. use of trails and open camps upon State land: 1. No person, association or corporation shall build any trail or open camp upon State land without first obtaining written per- mission from the Conservation Commission. 2. The location of such trails and open camps shall be fixed by the Commission. 3. Application for permission to construct such open camps shall state the source of supply and the character of the material to be used, and no such camp shall be constructed until the char- acter of the material and the source of the supply thereof shall be approved by the Commission. : 4, All such camps shall contain a conspicuous sign reading as follows: 168 FourtH AnnuaL ReEport OF THE ‘* This camp is property of the State of New York and 1 18 s open to the public.” | Such sign shall be maintained at such camps by the person, association or corporation constructing the camp. 5. A suitable fireplace shall be constructed and maintained in front of such camp, the form and material thereof to be approved by the Commission. 6. No such camp shall be occupied by the same party or per- sons more than ten days in any year, nor more than three nights in succession. ‘his rule shall not apply to State employees while engaged in fighting fires. A copy of this rule shall be posted and maintained in a conspicuous place at such camp. 7. The Commission may remove or discontinue the use of any such camps at any time. 8. No building, camp or structure shall be erected on State land except as above provided. There are upon lands claimed by the State as the Forest Pre- serve about 700 cases of occupancy of various kinds. These vary from farms which are occupied and cultivated to small hunt- ing camps or a few acres used for pasture. Where there are ex- tended uses of the properties, the people claim title adverse to the State and substantially all such cases of occupancy have been transmitted to the Attorney-General for prosecution or determina- tion of title. There are 406 cases reported, with buildings valued at $276,375. It is fair to say that approximately 95 per cent. of them are such as would be willing to execute leases. Nearly all of these occupancies are of many years standing. We have secured “ disclaimers of title” as far as possible, and referred cases where they could not be secured to the Attorney-General. We have en- deavored to prevent further erection of structures and thereby protect the State’s interests. The question as to what should be done with these numerous occupants of the State land has been held in abeyance pending the voice of the people relative to leas- ing camp sites. It did not seem necessary to eject them or destroy property of a citizen if the people were willing to lease the privi- lege of occupancy. The question of administering these matters is important, and will be further discussed under the title of Forest Management. ConsERVATION Co MMIssion 169 CONSTITUTIONAL PROHIBITION The present provision of article VII of the Constitution which was enacted* in 1894 reads as follows: “Forest Preserve.— Section 7. The lands of the State, now owned or hereafter acquired, constituting the forest preserve as now fixed by law, shall be forever kept as wild forest lands. They shall not be leased, sold or exchanged, or be taken by any corpora- tion, public or private, nor shall the timber thereon be sold, re- moved or destroyed.” It was adopted when conditions were much different from what they are today. During the two decades since that provision was adopted im- portant economic, industrial and administrative changes have taken place. At that time there was but a slight appreciation of the importance of scientific forestry; there was not a single American school of forestry, and probably not more than five pro- fessional foresters in the whole country. The forests were then generally considered as something the maximum quantity of which was fixed, and not capable of reproduction or increase by growth. The area included has increased from 720,744 acres to more than 1,800,000 acres; our population has grown from 6,000,000 to 9,000,000 people. It is, therefore, apparent that the prohibition was made at a time when there was but 40 per cent. of the present area and 60 per cent. of the present population, and when the quantity of material affected was but a small part of the whole. However, at the present time, the timber on State land is a large portion of’ our total forest resources. It is estimated that the amount of standing timber in the Forest Preserve counties in 1894 was approximately 40,000,000,000 feet, board measure, and that this quantity has decreased until at present there is not over 2:5,000,000,000 feet. It is estimated that in 1895 approximately 4,000,000,000 feet, or 10 per cent., was owned by the State, while now the stumpage on State land is approximately 8,000,000,000 feet, or over 30 per cent. of the total in the Forest Preserve counties, or 20 per cent. of the whole stumpage of the State. Dur- * An amendment was adopted November 4, 1913, providing that three per centum could by authority of the Legislature be used for water storage purposes. 170 FourtH ANNUAL REPORT OF THE ing this period a change has resulted in the proportion of lumber cut in this section from about 1 per cent. of the stand in 1894 to approximately 214 per cent. at the present time. This provision of the Constitution prevents any direct utiliza- tion of this vast resource. The question that naturally arises is, what more benefits could be derived if the Constitution per- mitted ? There are many phases of this question, such as the indirect benefits of protection to watershed, regulation of flow of streams, game cover, health resort, recreation grounds, and aesthetic value; the possible commercial returns which are now lost but might be derived; the increased benefits which might accrue through les- sened restrictions; the demands of the State upon this area as a source of wood supply; the adoption of a policy which will be beneficial to these regions; the efficient administration and honest enforcement of the forest law; the increase of the preserve and its better protection through funds derived from a wider use. These, and the future management of this territory, are all ques- tions which should be carefully considered. FOREST MANAGEMENT The proper use of this great area means more to the people of this State than can be briefly stated. There are honest differences of opinion as to whether any modification should be made in the present Constitution. If we could be assured of honest and efficient administration, then changes could be favor- ably considered. In order to present facts which are important we will assume for the purpose that whatever is attempted will be done properly and by people who are thoroughly trained for the work. Reconnaissance.— The first step should be a careful examina- tion of the forested area. The work should be done and data procured similar to that found in Appendix I of this report, en- titled “A Forest Survey of a Parcel of State Land.” This will give accurate information as to the location of forests, their com- position, the stands of timber, the types of growth, and will pro- vide information as a basis for planning operations. Classification.— The second step should be a delineation of the lands into two kinds: First, protective forests on mountain tops ConsERVATION COMMISSION LTE and steep slopes together with areas around certain bodies of water which should not be lumbered. Second, the less abrupt and more remote areas which could be lumbered conservatively. A classification of this character would probably result in 200,000 acres being retained for protective forests and about 1,000,000 being used for wood production. ‘The revenue from the former would be derived from leasing of camp sites, while from the latter it would come from the sale of mature, dead and down timber and from trees which should be cut in order to permit proper growth of younger trees. - Locatton.— There are, as already noted, 313,277 acres of the preserve which are outside the two parks. This area includes 183,725 acres of land under water, leaving a balance of 129,552 acres of land of varying character. This area of land is con- tained in 1,166 separate parcels exclusive of the islands in Lake George or lands under water. They do not perform a true func- tion as a “ Forest Preserve.” The areas vary from a fractional part of an acre to tracts of a thousand acres. A few are so situ- ated that they could be used for forestry purposes, but fully 90 per cent. of the parcels are small, isolated, often difficult to locate accurately, and difficult and expensive to protect. As a matter of policy it would seem more desirable to dispose of these outlying areas and acquire other land within the parks. This will result in consolidating present holdings, reduce administrative expense and have the same investment and area better serve its purpose. Utilization of Timber.— The compilation shows that there was found upon the 1,585,496 acres 8,065,986,000 feet B. M. of mer- chantable material. This timber is all upon the 1,204,538 acres classified as merchantable forest area. The average acre of such lands, therefore, contains about 6,700 feet B. M. of material. There are included in this amount both mature and immature trees. There are large areas of virgin forests (estimated 70,000 acres), also extensive areas of lumbered lands (estimated 1,130,- 000 acres) upon which the greater proportion of timber is mature and is not increasing in volume or value. There are other areas covered with poplar, a tree that reaches maturity in a compara- tively short time, which is very valuable for pulp and other pur- 172 FourtH AnnuaL REPORT OF THE poses that not only will not further increase in value or volume, but will deteriorate and become a total loss if not utilized within a few years after reaching maturity. When these trees die they fall to the ground and greatly increase the fire hazard. The lands containing mature timber are not accumulating wood growth be- cause, on the average, decay equals growth. The proper use of this great area is a matter of vital import- ance. The constitutional inhibition practically prevents any direct use, except for camping, hunting and fishing. The entire wood production on the mature areas is at present a total loss because there is no utilization of the larger trees. If we assume that the average annual growth should be 200 feet per acre per annum then the annual growth on the merchantable forest areas alone would approximate 240,000,000 feet B. M. Once the land is placed under systematic forest management, this amount could be secured annually without reducing the forest itself. It means taking the interest on the wood principal. The quantity would be further increased by ultimate growth on what are now non-mer- chantable areas and through reforesting of denuded lands. Figures, e. g., 240,000,000 feet B. M., as such, do not convey their full significance. This represents nearly one-third the en- tire lumber cut of the State. If cut into inch boards there would be sufficient lumber to build a board walk 150 feet in width from Albany to Buffalo. The present system does not best provide a future aoe of timber. If the annual increment were utilized it would tend to increase forest preservation by reducing the demands upon other areas. Price is regulated by supply and demand; therefore, de- creased production of timber causes higher price, and the in- creased price tempts the owner to harvest his forest crop. The timber cut of the State is decreasing. It has been reduced from one and one-quarter billion feet in 1908 to less than one billion feet in 1912. The cut of spruce in one of the largest counties has decreased from approximately 24,000,000 in 1910 to less than half that amount in 1912. The present lumber cut of the State is an enforced one. The portable mills are manu- facturing what the larger operators are unable to secure. The cut is approximately five times as much as the annual growth, and SMOVGNOWIGW ‘MUVd AN-VS-VH-AN — INANDOVNVI LSAMOY AAAONQ GUNaAWAT ONIAG WALAY LSaMOT CoNSERVATION CoMMISSION 173 consumption is at least sixteen times the growth. The question ot the source of supply of our necessary wood materials is one that must be seriously considered. Our demands are great and, under present methods, will soon lead to exhaustion, but if the resources of the State are properly developed the necessary supply can be produced. The present use of the Forest Preserve is protective and aesthetic. The practice of proper forestry methods will not affect either use. The effect of lumbering operations under such prac- tice as conducted on the parks of Dr. Webb or the Whitney estate are scarcely visible today. These forests have cleaner floors and are freer from debris than similar areas on the State land, in fact such operations have improved the appearance, the dead, down and diseased trees having been removed. Only a few people appreciate the fact that nearly all the mer- chantable material in a forest is contained in a few of the larger trees. The larger trees are but a small proportion of the whole stand, therefore, their removal does not injure the forest cover. There are instances when large quantities of timber upon State lands have been injured by fire but the particular Commissions charged with administration of the property, acting under opinions of the Attorney-General, have not been able to utilize the material. ‘There are other cases where valuable material cut in trespass cases has been left to decay because the Constitution semed to prohibit the utilization. There are similarly quantities of dead and down timber that cannot be removed. Such material left upon the ground does not result in any value that the State might secure through indirect benefit. In fact, fire-killed or cut trees are an incentive for trespass and increase the protective work. On the other hand, any provision for limiting the sale of timber to fire-killed trees would be a great incentive to a would-be purchaser to cause fire in order to force the cutting. If the restriction is to be modified the modification should not be limited to fire-killed trees. If only dead and down trees are permitted to be removed the cutting of roads for removal will be so out of proportion to the value of material and utilization that there will be no profit or benefit derived by the State. Camp Sites.— We have already called attention to the fact that 174 Fourth AnnuaL REport OF THE there are approximately 580 miles of shore line suitable for camp- ing purposes. There is a distinct demand by the people for permanent rather than temporary use of these lands. At present only tents with board floors are permitted. They are sufficient for the transient but the person who desires to spend a few weeks, especially with a family, requires, in order to secure proper en- joyment, a structure that affords better protection and will allow housing of equipment during the remainder of the year. A demand has, therefore, been developing that the State lease small parcels of land for a period of years for that purpose. The State is now maintaining this vast area at a large expense and such use would detract little, if any, from the demands made by the State upon this area. The general opinion seems to be that a permanent occupant, contrasted with a transient, would become a better protector of the forests, fish and game, that the investment made as a result of the lease would create in the lessee a personal, permanent interest in protection of the forests from trespass or fire, an assurance that the fishing in the body of water upon which he was camping would not be injured by illegal methods, nor game similarly taken. | There can be no question that such use would produce a revenue, although there would be required an initial investment for surveys and organization. There are questions, such as the size of parcel; period of lease; proportion of sites, on a particular body of water, to be used; amount of rental to be charged; restriction to be imposed; supply of wood for fuel; and doubtless others which must be considered. They are largely administrative problems, but some of them are so broad that they affect State policy. Indirect Uses.— The fact that many of our important rivers have their headwaters in the Adirondack and Catskill region and that forest cover has a beneficial effect in regulating the flow of streams coupled with numerous other previously enumerated functions makes the preservation of forests within this area of great importance to the State. It is a factor which, as a matter of State policy, deserves first consideration. The really important question is how much the indirect benefits will be reduced if the direct uses (lumbering and leasing of camp sites) are realized. CoNnSERVATION COMMISSION 175 There are examples, such as Nehasane Park, the Whitney Estate Preserve and others in the Adirondacks where lumbering has been practiced conservatively and the forests have not been destroyed nor the indirect uses sacrificed. There is no good reason why a productive forest will not produce shade, have a “‘ duffy ” floor, be a satisfactory home for game or protect the watersheds. The commercial forests of Hurope produce these benefits in a greater degree than nature does in the Adirondacks. The fact that forests on mountain tops or steep slopes are not to be lumbered eliminates areas where the cover might be en- dangered. ‘The areas around our desirable lakes would be used for camp sites and if proper rentals were paid would afford as great a revenue as could be secured by lumbering. It would not, therefore, be necessary in the latter instance to remove more than the few mature trees necessary for fuel of the campers. A forest produced and maintained under a proper system of forest management would not be less advantageous from any standpoint. Fire Protection.— It is true that the slash consequent to lumbering increases the fire hazard, but lopping of evergreen tops reduces the risk to a short period. The present conditions permit reasonable utilization and only a comparatively small amount of slash would be left. As already stated, practically all the merchantable material in a forest is contained in a few of the larger trees, which form but a small proportion of the whole stand, therefore, their removal does not seriously injure the forest cover or produce a large quantity of slash. The operation will necessitate the construction of roads, which will make the pathless localities more accessible and thus afford quicker and cheaper means of travel. These roads can also be made into necessary fire lines. The problem of fire protection is by observation station and — patrol solved in principle. There is need of much educational work as a preventive, and extension of the system to assure greater security. Appropriations even for such manifest needs are not easily obtained, but a revenue from these lands would make more intensive protection possible. 176 Fourtu ANNUAL REPORT OF THE Financial Aspects.— The Preserve is at present a pleasure and protective forest. Its restricted use makes it somewhat of a luxury. It is difficult to compute its cost because nearly one- half has been acquired through the non-payment of taxes. It is fair to assume, however, that it represents an investment of ap- proximately four million dollars. The interest on this amount at 5 per cent. is $200,000 per year. The taxes which the State pays upon this land amount to $150,000 per annum. The cost of fire protection and administration is approximately $15,000 per year. ‘The total carrying charge, therefore, amounts to at least $365,000 per annum. None of these charges is reducible. The expenditure for fire protection ought to be increased. The cost of fire protection at the present time is not over one-half mill per dollar of valuation. This is far below the average rate of in- surance under less dangerous conditions. Revenue is an important matter to the State. The fact that there is a direct outlay of $165,000 a year and an interest loss of $200,000 are not insignificant matters to the Empire State. But we must add to this the value of the wood material which is going to waste through non-utilization. We have already stated that the wood growth even now should approximate 240,000,000 ft. B. M. per year and if we allow a stumpage of $4 per M ft. this means an additional loss of $960,000. We must again add to these large sums the amounts which would be expended for labor in utilizing this growth. It has been estimated that $16 for every thousand feet of lumber manu- factured goes to labor. This means a loss of potential wages of $3,840,000. There would be additional revenue from leasing of camp sites, but this would be difficult to measure. If we assume that 95 per cent. of the present occupants, or 380, would require leases, and at least 500 others were taken, this would produce a total of 880. If the leases averaged $25 each, this would yield a gross income of $22,000. In a few years this sum would be greatly increased. The question seems to be: Does the State desire to continue a policy which causes a direct annual loss of nearly a million dol- lars and an indirect loss of four times as much, or does it desire to place its forest property not only on a self-supporting, but on a very substantial revenue-producing basis ? CoNSERVATION COMMISSION aay Gre State Po.icy The State policy during the past thirty years has been to pro- cure a large area of forest land in our two mountain regions. It has been secured by withdrawing lands already owned and, at a large outlay, acquiring additional areas. The constitutional prohibition adopted in 1895, after a series of land scandals and deplorable trespasses, was an attempt to put this land and timber beyond the reach of the spoils system. It fully accomplished its purpose and is still just as effective. The organization for the protection and administration of the Forest Preserve has, during the past twenty years, been perfected and brought from a meagre unskilled few to a complete force con- sisting of technical foresters, surveyors, title lawyers, and forest rangers. Lands and timber of the State were then looked upon as public plunder, but today titles to property are determined after trial of the case upon the facts; wilful trespasses have, through more vigorous administration, more efficient patrol and better public sentiment, practically ceased.* There are still people who would be willing to take advantage of situations that might arise, but past experience has shown and court decisions have decreed that compromises and stipulations are of no avail; that any such agreements will not procure more than temporary benefits; that they are illegal, and, therefore, their purposes cannot be accomplished. These speculators are not likely to take advantage of the State when the results will not be beneficial to them. The first step in the adoption of a wise policy as to the future management of this vast area is consideration of the purpose to which it is best adapted and what demands of the State it can satisfy to the largest degree. It is on account of its soil, topog- raphy, elevation and climate, a region which can best be used for forests. It naturally follows: What demands does the State make upon its forests, and which of these can this region supply ? We have already recited the indirect uses, particularly in a moun- tainous area like the Adirondacks where so many important streams have their sources; the effect of stream flow upon water power; the health, recreation and game resort; the source of wood - supply, and the aesthetic considerations. * See annual reports of Conservation Commission. 178 - Fourth AnnuaL REportT OF THE We have attempted to show that good forest management which will produce better commercial forests is none the less useful in producing the indirect benefits. The more valuable and useful the property, the more the people become interested in it and demand continuation of the benefits. The fact that the State makes this area self-supporting, at least, ought to increase rather than decrease interest in the property and forestry in general. If greater appropriations were available or an income could be se- cured, better forest protection could be afforded; forest property would be better insured against fire; the 100,000 acres of denuded lands could through reforesting be placed under forest cover; additional areas acquired; more lands would be better protected ; and instead of having less we would have a greater forest cover. There are important questions as to the development and indus- tries within this vast area. Do we realize that an area larger than the State of Delaware is being withdrawn from use by its own owners? Is it necessary? How far can this process continue without approaching dangers other than financial returns ? If the forests are maintained for the indirect uses alone, who is going to blaze the trail, carry the pack basket, guide the sports- men, fight the forest fires, plant the trees, cut the camp wood, cook the food or get food to cook? We do not want a wilderness. It must be made possible for people to live and earn a living in these places or there will be no “ guides” or other people to em- ploy. They cannot earn a living by guiding a few days during the summer. Sufficient employment must be provided for these people. The State cannot put them all on the pay-roll. Indus- tries of necessary and suitable kinds must employ their services. In a forest country such employment must naturally be in con- nection with the lumber industry. State land must furnish its share. Further purchase and consolidation of holdings would greatly reduce the administration expenses. The immediate necessity for surveys would in many cases be eliminated by acquiring small interior parcels. There are enormous investments in lumber, pulp, paper and other mills which depend upon our forest lands for raw materials. These mills and the lumbering industry employ thousands of men CoNsERVATION CoMMISSION 179 and women. ‘The wages paid are a big factor in our industrial life. This material is again used in remanufacture and more money given to labor for making’ necessities of life. The future of many towns and cities in a large measure depends upon these forests. They are all factors in our industrial life. Other industries are represented by hotel, transportation, mer- cantile and allied businesses which accommodate the commercial and tourist trades. These industries are not only of importance in these sections but their influence extends outside the Preserve regions. This report may be criticized for absence of more exact in- formation, but, as stated at the beginning, the method which we had to pursue, on account of lack of special funds for the work, does not permit drawing exact mathematical conclusions. The preparation of this report is based not only on the field work done for this particular purpose but also upon years of association with the problem discussed and many other competent sources of in- formation. There are forest surveys and published reports upon many large Adirondack forest areas (e. g., ‘ Practical Forestry in the Adirondacks’ — Bulletin of the U. S. Forest Service; Forest Working Plan for Township 40 — Bulletin 30 of the U. S. Forest Service; ‘Adirondack Spruce,” by Gifford Pinchot and Henry S. Graves; A Forest Working Plan for Townships 5, 6 and 41; Report of Forest, Fish and Game Commission 1902-3). There are also many unpublished reports containing available data. The vast and far-reaching scope of the question, with its many and intricate details requiring wisdom and experience for its solution, is complicated by possible political influences ; but it must _be studied from all angles, each element weighed separately and the final decision rendered as the result of a careful consideration of the facts unaffected by sentiment. Respectfully submitted, Coke PET ETS: Superintendent State Forests. ANNUAL REPORT OF THE DIVISION OF FISH AND GAME [181] FOURTH ANNUAL REPORT OF THE CONSERVATION COMMISSION DIVISION OF FISH AND GAME. To the Conservation Commission: Herewith I transmit to you, pursuant to law, the annual report of the Division of Fish and Game for the fiscal year ending Sep- ~ tember 30, 1914. Respectfully Yours, JAMES J. FOX, Deputy Commessioner. December 31, 1914. [183] by TSUNA ANN uy) ANE ANNUAL REPORT OF THE CHIEF GAME PROTECTOR Hon. Jamus J. Fox, Deputy Conservation Commissioner: Srir.— I respectfully submit herewith my report on the en- forcement of the Conservation Law relating to fish and game of the State of New York for the fiscal year ending September 30, 1914, which covers the work of the protectors in the bringing of actions, together with the amount of recoveries of fines and pen- alties, and prison sentences for violations of the Conservation Law; also the amounts derived from different sources, such as hunting and netting licenses, tagging of trout and imported game, etc. | In making comparisons with previous years it is very gratifying that the statistical table which follows shows an increase in the number of cases successfully brought by the regular protective force, which prosecuted this last fiscal year a greater number of _ eases than during the preceding year, showing a gain of forty- two cases. This increase over the last fiscal year, the record for — which was the largest in the history of the State, again demon- strates the strict attention that the regular protectors are giving to their duties of enforcing the Conservation Law in relation to fish and game, and with a very few exceptions their work is satis- factory, considering the number of protectors that are on a regular salary. The work of the special protectors, except in a few instances, does not compare at all favorably with the work of the regulars; but I will refrain at this time from going into the matter fully, as I handle the work of the special protectors in detail later on. It is entirely due to the special protectors, and not to the regulars, that the work of the force as a whole shows a slight net falling off as compared with 1913. (See page 17 of Commission’s Report.) Passing upon the work of the regular protective force, the [185] 186 FourtaH AnnuaL Report OF THE average gross recovery per case is commendable, considering the fact that all persons prosecuted are not fined, as there are many suspended sentences and John Doe proceedings. I am firmly con- vinced, from making comparisons, that the law giving protection to fish and game is being rigidly enforced. The protectors who are retained from year to year become proficient, as their record will show; and it is gratifying to call to the Commission’s atten- tion the increase that has been made from the year 1911 up to 1914, every succeeding year showing a larger number of cases prosecuted, and showing a larger recovery of fines and penalties. Even with this grand total I believe with other game protec- tionists that but a small percentage of the actual violations are ever apprehended, as it is impossible to do so with the 125 men on the force at the present time. I wish at this time, as I did in the annual report of 1913, to recommend an increase of the pro- tective force to 200 men, with an expense account sufficient to enable them to patrol their territory at least twenty-six days every calendar month. One of the most vital questions now before the citizens of the State is that of the conservation of our natural resources. I do not believe that there has been any other State so abundantly en- dowed with wealth of forests, fish and game as this our own Empire State; nor do I believe that there has been any other State where the citizens have been more careless with their treasures, more prod- igal with their birthright. The American people have wasted their wealth of mine, forest and stream, allowing the wanton destruction of the fish and game; and only in the last few years have they come face to face with the fact that if this great State is to continue to be a paradise for the sportsman we must conserve our fish, game, water and forests, to preserve our birthright not only for our own comfort, but also for the coming generations. ‘I trust that the Legislature can be prevailed upon to provide means for the enforcement of the laws that have been enacted giv- ing protection to the fish, game, lands, forests and waters of the State. In the past thousands of persons in this State have looked upon the protection of game and fish as an insignificant affair, when as a matter of fact, next to the agricultural assets of the State, nothing can exceed in value its game, birds and fish if proper protection is given. I know that the citizens of the State ConsERVATION ComMMISSION 187 of New York are beginning to be firmly impressed with this fact, and desire to see rigid protection given to the wild life of the State, the maintaining of the hatcheries and the establishing of addi- tional game farms. AMENDMENTS TO THE LAW The amendments to the Conservation Law in relation to fish and game made at the last session of the Legislature are not as many as in former years, but are of greater importance, as they perfect the law and make it practical and more workable. They comprise the following changes: Section 32, which provides the punishment for a misdemeanor, is amended making the imprisonment one day for every dollar of the fine. Section 159 is amended to include “ fish and aquatic animals,” and to allow the possession under a license issued by the Commis- sion of fish, game birds and aquatic animals for propagation purposes. Section 165 increases the protective force twenty protectors, from 125 to 145. Section 177 allows any duly organized association for the pro- tection of game to run field trials for dogs upon obtaining a writ- ten permit from the Conservation Commission. Section 181 is amended, allowing the transportation of quadru- peds, birds or fish lawfully taken or possessed in one part of the State as provided by section 178, and they may be possessed by the taker in any part of the State for the same period of time during which they may be lawfully possessed at the place where taken. Section 190 is cleared up, so that there will be no misunder- standing as to the rights of a person to ship deer when he accom- panies the same without the necessity of a shipping tag being placed thereon as provided by section 178 of the Conservation Law. Section 191, relative to the possession of wild deer or venison, is changed only in so far as it reduces the license fee for the possession of venison until January ist, from $5 to $1. Section 198 provides for a slight change in the open season on mink, raccoon and sable. Formerly the season opened on No- vember 1st. The new amendment provides for the opening of the 188 FourtH AnnuaL REPORT OF THE season on November 10th, the season closing the same as formerly, April 20th. Section 199 is changed, making the opening of the season on skunk November 10th, to February 10th, it formerly being from November ist to January 31st. Section 200, relating to the propagation of skunks, is amended to allow the possession of all species of fur-bearing animals to be kept alive in captivity at all times for the purpose of propagation and sale, provided a license so to do is first obtained from the Commission. ‘The license fee was formerly $10, and is reduced by the amendment to $5. Section 201, giving protection to muskrats, changes the opening of the season from November 1st to November 10th, closing April 20th. In addition to prohibiting the injuring or disturbing of muskrat houses, it prohibits the taking of muskrats by shooting. The prohibiting of the shooting of muskrats was done for the pur- pose of giving a more high class fur, as a muskrat taken by shoot- ing is only worth about twenty-five per cent. the value of one taken in traps, even where the fur is of equal quality. Section 214, relative to the season on pheasants, changes the open season from Thursdays in October to the last two Thursdays in October and the first two Thursdays in November, and posses- sion is allowed during the period of time between the ‘first open Thursday in October and the last open Thursday in November. Only wild male pheasants may be taken. Section 232 changes the opening of the season on trout from the 15th of April to the first Saturday in April, closing August 31st the same as formerly. This makes the open season on trout uniform throughout the State. Section 234 makes a very important change in the season on lake trout. The season in 1913 on lake trout was from April 1st to December 31st. The amendment makes the season from April 1st to September 30th. Section 235 makes no close season on lake trout and whitefish which are taken in Lakes Erie and Ontario. Lake trout and white- fish when so taken may be possessed, bought and sold, provided that every person to whom a license is issued to take such fish with a net or nets operated from power boats shall, when required by the Commission, furnish without charge to the Commission CoNnsERVATION Commission 189 eggs and milt from such fish taken by him during the spawning season. Such eggs and milt shall be taken by the Commission for propagation only and shall be taken from the fish by the agents of the commission. Section 250 prohibited placing fish in waters that were in- habited by trout. In some instances waters which had formerly been trout waters had become inhabited by pickerel, and should no longer be regarded as trout waters. The amendment proposed provides that whenever the Conservation Commission shall deter- mine that any waters of the State heretofore inhabited or stocked with trout are no longer to be regarded as being inhabited by trout or suitable for trout, the Commission may by an order permit such waters to be stocked with any species of fish. Section 251 contains an important amendment, as it gives juris- diction to the Conservation Commission to prohibit fishing within fifty rods of any dam or fishway erected by the State. Heretofore it only prohibited fishing within fifty rods of any dam which con- tained a fishway. In a great many instances fish congregate in the deep water below the apron of the dam, and are taken out in large numbers. In such instances the Commission is vested with power to prohibit fishing within fifty rods of such dam if it so wishes. Section 355 relative to penalties is amended so as to allow a penalty of $10 to be inflicted for the taking of short lobsters, in- stead of $50 which was mandatory heretofore. Section 365 as amended, contains a provision that if notices have been once posted or land established as a private park, after personal service upon a person in the name of the owner or owners of a written or printed notice containing a description of the premises and warning all persons against hunting or fishing or trespassing thereon, this is to act the same as where lands are posted as provided in section 361 of the Conservation Law. As provided in section 366, the Commission may set aside certain lands owned by the State, except those located in the Adirondack or Catskill parks, as a game and bird refuge; or the Commission may purchase lands in the name of and for the use of the State in any town of the State outside of the limits of the Adirondack or Catskill parks, containing not less than one hun- dred acres, or may purchase the shooting and fishing rights in 190 FourtaH Annuat ReEporr oF THE connection with such land, and may establish thereon a game and bird refuge, upon publishing and posting the notices as provided in section 360. | | Formerly section 372 only allowed a person who was in possession of a breeder’s license to kill elk or deer, by shooting or otherwise, between the first day of October and the first day of March, both inclusive. Pheasants could be killed by shooting or otherwise between the first day of October and the 31st day of January, both inclusive. Mallard ducks and black ducks could be killed by shooting or otherwise from the first day of October to the tenth day of January. By the amendment, elk, deer,” pheasants, mallard and black ducks may be killed in any manner at any time under a breeder’s license, but mallard or black ducks killed by shooting under a breeder’s license shall not be bought, sold or trafficked in. Under the provisions of section 375, it formerly provided that any dealer in fish duly licensed could hold during the close season, in a storehouse to be designated by the Commission, such part of his stock of fish as he had on hand undisposed of at the beginning of the close season, such dealer to give a bond to the people of the State conditioned that he will not, during the close season ensuing, sell, use, give away or otherwise dispose of any fish which he is permitted to possess during the close season; that he will not in any way, during the time when such bond is in force, violate any provisions of article five. The bond may also con-— tain such other provisions as to the inspection of the fish possessed, as the Commission shall require. This section has been amended to allow the possession of frogs during the close season upon the same conditions. : There is one serious defect in the Conservation Law that was not corrected at the last session of the Legislature. The change which I suggest is very vital to a smooth and perfect working of the law. In codifying the law it was the intention of the codifiers to make it “ permissive” in form. Therefore there should be one general penalty section covering all violations, except where explosives are used for killing fish, or in eases of graver violations of a similar nature; in such cases a more severe penalty should be provided. In the present law the penalty sections are con- flicting and confusing. No penalty clause should follow a per- -ConsERVATION COMMISSION 191 missive section, because there could be no violation of such a section. The past year has been one of increased activity in every branch of our work. The propagation and preservation of our fish and game are recognized as of vital importance by the public at large as well as by the sportsmen. Evidence unmistakable of this is found in the great increase in the number of calls upon the Commission by persons seeking information on fish and game matters. We are unable to supply the demand for the law books. The Legislature should be petitioned for at least fifty thousand copies, instead of thirty thousand copies as now provided. In justice to the hunter, so that he can be well informed as to our laws, he should be provided at the time he takes out a hunting license with a full and complete copy of the Conservation Law relating to fish and game. In many instances the syllabus fur- nished has not been sufficient, as it does not give the full law, simply providing a synopsis. I desire at this time to report to the Commissioners in brief the revenue derived from different branches of the Department of Fish and Game, also the number of birds and eggs distributed from the bird farm at Sherburne, all of which will be found in the statistical table following. During the fiscal year of 1914, the Conservation Commission issued hunting licenses to the SETUP 1a EAE RAN SEE BS Re BU a A $201,022 00 @ollected, im: fines 60 00 Mor qrmpe tiation. MeeMses: CLG ee ci. Oe oe ota ey ceva © 1,120 35 Add to that the production at the game farm: 40,000 eges at 40 cents each........ $16,000 00 5.000)sbirdsy at. $4 each.i i 4.5 sais) 20,000 00 1,400 brood birds at $4 each........ DEGOM OOS. 3 ——§— 41,600 00 192 Fourta AnnuaL Report OF THE Add to that the commercial value of the fishes, which is given by Dr. Bean, our Fish Cuturist, as ADOUE NE ELL MOAN GeO SN Onn gh Sal $175,000 00° Grandi total acy Moe Peepers alee oe $513,138 82 This makes a grand total which not only pays every dollar which is expended for the protection of the wild life of the State, but turns a handsome surplus into the State Treasury. NON-SALE OF NATIVE GAME As in previous reports, I strongly recommend the continuance of the law which prohibits the sale of native game, except that I believe that as there is a great demand upon the part of the hotel and restaurant keepers of the State of New York for ducks, cer- tain species should be allowed to be imported under the provisions of section 373, adding thereto the species of ducks that could be imported from without the United States and sold in this State after being tagged as provided by the section quoted. The non- sale of game has certainly taken away the initiative of the market hunter to hunt for a moneyed consideration, and the law which prohibits the sale of native game has the undivided support of the sportsmen of the State of New York. TAGGING OF TROUT The sale of trout raised in private hatcheries has gradually in- creased to such an extent that the revenue derived therefrom now exceeds that obtained for the tagging of imported game. At the present time there are fifteen tagging machines leased to as many private hatcheries, and all excepting six are being operated out- side of New York State. The market for this commodity, as I have stated, is gradually increasing, and the law legalizing the sale of trout from private hatcheries has continued to meet with the approval of the hotel and restaurant proprietors, and has come in for no criticism except from the hatchery owners, who have sought to reduce the fee from three cents as provided at the pres- ent time to one cent for each tag. In the past trout from private Notse.—Figures above given are amounts received during the fiscal year October 1, 1913, to September 30, 1914. Figures given elsewhere in the financial statement_(see p. 58) are amounts turned into the State treasury during the same period. Receipts for September of any fiscal year cannot appear as turned into the State treasury until the following fiscal year. - ConsERVATION COMMISSION 193 hatcheries could not be sold in the State of New York except dur- ing the open season on native trout. At the present time they can be sold at any period, thereby providing a market the year round, and at the same time giving protection to our native trout. I feel that the Commission should do everything possible to retain the fee for tags as at present. I cannot see where it works a hardship upon the hatchery owners, as they have claimed, because trout are a luxury which is paid for by the consumer. ADDITIONAL PROTECTORS Some protectionists have held that in consequence of rigid en- forcement of the law, violations thereof would diminish from year to year; but the records of the department show that each suc- ceeding year we are apprehending a larger number of violators. As I have stated previously, I believe that but a small percentage of the persons committing violations are ever brought to trial. Therefore I again submit for the consideration of the Commis- sion the advisability of increasing the protective force to at least two hundred men. GAME INCREASING As in former years, [ have endeavored through the force of pro- tectors to ascertain the conditions as to game throughout the State. I feel from the reports that have been made that the rigid pro- tection this Commission is giving to the wild life of the State is bringing about better conditions, and the game is gradually in- creasing. ‘This holds good particularly as to deer. The northern protectors report that never in the history of the State have there been as many deer in the mountains as at the present time. I think this is true, as it is borne out by the numerous complaints made to the Commission of damage being done by deer. This is especially true as to counties in which there is no open season. This would seem a broad statement to make, owing to the fact that there is such a large number of hunters who go afield yearly ; but it should be taken into consideration that in the early history of the State deer which became yarded were killed by the hun- dreds by packs of wolves; the natives considered the deer forests their pork barrel, and the lumbermen made it a custom to employ hunters to kill deer, which were ground up in sausage machines 7 194 Fourta Annuat Report oF THE with pork and fed to their lumber jacks, all of which has been eradicated. ‘here are no longer wolves in the Adirondack moun- tains, and the lumbermen have found that the killing of deer to feed to their help has become too expensive; and this, with the buck law, all tends to bear out the statement of the northern pro- © tectors that deer are more numerous than ever before in the his- tory of the State. Also we have had good reports from hunters, who inform us that they are finding more partridge in their native covers than since the epidemic some ten years ago which ee wiped out the native grouse. Doas This department has received many protests from bird hunters, who claim that the law works a hardship upon them, as it pro- hibits taking dogs into forests inhabited by deer, or harboring them or allowing them to run at large in the Adirondack Park, or taking them upon forest preserve lands. There should be an enactment of law which would provide for the licensing of bird dogs, so that a sportsman who wished to hunt partridge in the northern counties would be permitted to take his dog into forests inhabited by deer for the purpose of hunting birds. I think this ~ could be done safely by empowering this Commission to issue a license to an owner of a bird dog, permitting him to use his dog for hunting grouse, except within the Adirondack Park. With said license a tag could be issued, similar to the tag which is placed upon a licensed net, the tag to be attached to the collar of the dog, with the number and the name of the owner thereon. This would place the responsibility for the dog upon the owner if caught running deer. Woopcock The hatch of the native woodcock is increasing, and with the flight bird, woodcock shooting within the State is providing a great source of enjoyment for the sportsmen. The adequate pro- tection which I believe is being given this species of game bird by allowing only four to be killed in any one day, will gradually lead to the increasing of the birds breeding within the State. 4 a + RUM! Chet a? re et ONILSAN LNVSVEHd Na CoNnSERVATION COMMISSION 195 PHEASANTS In a great many counties pheasants are very plentiful at the present time. This is particularly true in the western counties of the State. Additional protection has been given to pheasants in four counties until 1915, and in fourteen counties until 1916. Pheasant shooting is bound to become exceedingly popular in the State. They are an excellent game bird, although not lay- ing for the dog; but an intelligent bird dog soon becomes familiar with their habit of running and skulking, and soon trails them, so that the sportsmen enjoy pheasant shooting exceptionally well. With the additional game farms provided at the last session of the Legislature, pheasants will soon become very numerous; and wih the increasing of the game farms which will raise pheasants and liberate them in the covers of the State, the open season can be gradually lengthened, allowing a larger number of birds to be killed each season. ! The problem of properly distributing these birds has ee the attention of this department during the past year, and in conference with Mr. Rogers, the superintendent of the farm, | have become convinced that the proper procedure would be to distribute the pheasants through the protective force, giving each county its apportionment, and instead of shipping as we do now the half-grown birds, the covey should be shipped with the mother hen. If she is liberated in suitable covers, the hen will stay with the young pheasant chicks until they are nearly grown. In that way we would eradicate the loss of a large number of pheasants. The method which we are following at the farm at the present time is to release the mother hen with the brood as soon as the young chick becomes used to the call of the hen, feeding at certain periods and in certain places on the farm, so that the hen will return with her brood to these feeding spots. This makes it possible for the chicks to be caught up at the time of shipment. The superintendent informs me that while this is the most scientific way of raising pheasants to maturity, it en- tails a great loss of pheasants by their straying away from the mother hen and not returning. By shipping the hen with the brood, no pheasants would be lost, and the percentage of those raised to maturity would be increased. 196 FourtH Annuat REPORT OF THE In some instances, complaints have been made to the Com- mission that pheasants are destructive to the agricultural in- terests; but this is offset by the favorable reports received of the benefits the pheasants are doing, as they feed largely upon insect life. Instances have been known where a flock of pheasants has protected a potato patch from potato bugs. The pheasant is the only bird that I know of which will feed upon the bug that destroys the potato vine. Drzr As I have stated previously, we receive nothing but good re- ports of the increasing of the deer. I recommend to the Com- mission the advisability of bringing about an enactment of law making a short open season for the killing of buck deer in the counties of the State which do not enjoy that privilege under the present law. Ducks Without doubt the law which prohibits the spring shooting of ducks is partly accountable for the large number which now hatch and raise their broods within the borders of the State of New York. The department is continually receiving favorable reports showing that this valuable game bird is increasing in number in this State; no doubt owing to the fact that the law is being rigidly enforced relative to shooting out of season, fire lighting, netting, and disturbing the ducks during their breeding season. QUAIL I am sorry to be obliged to state that I cannot find where there is any material increase of the quail. I was encouraged to believe that the placing of a five years close season on quail, with the exception of Long Island, would be the means of again replenishing the covers upstate with these excellent game birds; but as they are a seed-eating, ground-feeding bird, they very easily winter kill, particularly during the periods of the year when the ground is deeply covered with snow, as it prevents their readily finding feed. That, in addition to their natural cover CoNnSERVATION COMMISSION 197 being cut off, causes me to believe that it would not be wise to again allow the killing of quail in this State, with the exception of Long Island, unless there is a greater increase in the supply during the balance of the five years closed period. BEAVER Beaver continue to increase in the Adirondack region. Some complaints have come to the department relative to the damage done by beaver by reason of cutting timber and flooding private lands. In some instances, after an investigation of the complaint of damage being done by beaver, we found it necessary to disturb their houses, which causes the colony to seek new quarters. HUNTING LICENSES A careful investigation has caused me to believe that the State is not getting the returns from hunting licenses that it should. The report of the protective force shows that a great many hunters go afield without being in possession of a hunting lcense as provided by law, taking the chances of being apprehended by a protector for hunting without a license. To educate the public to the necessity of being in possession of a hunting license to hunt any of the wild birds or quadrupeds of the State of New York, the game protective force has been ordered when meeting a hunter afield to inspect his hunting license. This has had a tendency to increase the sale of licenses, which has encouraged me to believe that providing for the issuing of a button with every hunting license, to be worn in a conspicuous place, would practically eradicate the practice of hunters going afield without being in possession of their license, as they would not only be open to the inspection of the protective force, but any person could readily see, by the requirement that they should wear the button at all times when hunting, that they were in possession of the necessary license to hunt. MERIT SYSTEM IT am a great believer in the merit system, as it spurs a pro- tector to give his very best efforts to the work of protecting the 198 FourtH ANNUAL REPORT OF THE wild life of the State; but believe that the grading of protectors should rest absolutely with this Commission, as they are better able to judge of the men who should be placed in the first grade. At the present time the rating of these men rests with the State Civil Service Commission. The law should be amended so that the rating of the protectors will be the prerogative of the Com- mission. SPECIAL PROTECTORS While I realize the necessity in certain instances for special protectors, especially where a man is acting as a game keeper, or superintendent of a preserve, or is a hatchery foreman or superintendent or foreman of a game farm, except in such instances I am adverse to the appointment of special protectors. Experience has shown that in a great many cases they have but a slight knowledge of the provisions of the conservation law giving protection to fish and game. This has been corrected somewhat by the law which now requires that a person in order to become a special protector must pass a non-competitive exam- ination; but I find that the examination has not been the means of placing the special protectors on a plane with the regulars. This is caused primarily by the fact that a special protector does not give his whole attention to the work of protecting the fish and game, and therefore not being continually brought in contact with the conservation law, is not well acquainted with its provi- sions. JI am thoroughly convinced that with a force of two hundred men, special protectors would be unnecessary. Special protectors are prone to prosecute violations of a very technical nature, for the purpose of deriving a benefit from the moiety which they receive as compensation for their work, which tends — to bring the Commission and the law into bad repute. HUNTING ACCIDENTS I find that the record shows that during the 1914 deer season there were five deer hunting accidents, three of which were fatal. Not one of these victims, as far as any evidence shows, was mis- taken for a deer. Seventeen minor accidents occurred in 1914 while hunters were in pursuit of small game. In my opinion ME AND SonG BIRDS FGA O ENEMY NN ae I Ros ITH JaNAU \YY. N C ‘CoNSERVATION COMMISSION 199 this is the greatest recommendation for the so-called “ buck law,” as it has a great tendency to save human life. A sportsman afield hunting deer, with the law as it is now framed, is very careful to ascertain if it is a buck that he is shooting at, thereby avoiding hunting accidents, which occurred very often in the past when hunters could kill either a buck or a doe, as a move in the brush meant a shot from the hunter, and too late it was found that he had killed either his guide or his hunting companion. THE HOUSE CAT Mr. Edward H. Forbush, State Ornithologist of Massachusetts, makes a claim that a mature cat in good hunting grounds kills on an average fifty birds a year. The old cat that wanders off into the fields and woods is terribly destructive. Mr. William _ Brewster tells of an acquaintance in Maine who said that his cat killed about fifty birds a year. When asked why he did not get another cat, he said that it would be of no use, for they were all alike. Another gentleman by the name of A. C. Dyke writes that his family owned a cat which was well cared for and a particular pet. They watched it through one season, and found that it killed fifty-eight birds, including the young in five nests. Nearly a hundred correspondents scattered throughout all the counties of the State report the cat as one of the greatest enemies of the birds. There is no doubt that the predatory house cat is one of the destructive enemies to our game and insectivorous birds. I do not hesitate to recommend that a law be enacted providing that “Any person may and it shall be the duty of every game pro- tector to kill eats found afield.” ASSAULTS On April 5, 1914, Protector Samuel S. Taylor was assaulted and killed in the vicinity of Rome. The following resolution was passed by the Division Chief Protectors at a meeting held at Albany on April 21, 1914: _“ Whereas, the wise hand of Providence has seen fit to re- move from our midst, our highly esteemed and respected game protector, Samuel S. Taylor, of Madison county, while in the performance of his duty; and 200 FourtH ANNUAL REPORT OF THE ‘Whereas, this faithful servant of the State, while appre- hending two foreigners in the act of slaughtering our song birds, and while attempting to arrest the offenders, met his death by the hands of two assassins; now therefore be it “ Resolved, that we, the Division Chiefs of the State of New York, sadly deplore the loss of our dearly beloved brother protector, and extend our regret and sympathy to the parents of Protector Taylor in their sad hours of affliction; also be it “Resolved, that a copy of these resolutions be extended to his parents, and also that a copy be placed upon the minutes of this meeting.” Special Protector Bert J. Anson of Utica was assaulted by two foreigners on November 1, 1914. In defending his life he killed one of his assailants, and dangerously wounded the other. He was held blameless by Coroner Stephen A. Mahady, after holding an inquest. | , GUIDES’ LICENSE Simply as a matter of control, and to assure sportsmen of com- petent men as guides, I again recommend that the Commission use its best endeavors to bring about an enactment of law providing for the licensing of guides. FISHWAYS AND DAMS Section 251 should be so amended that it would give authority to the Commission to post signboards forbidding fishing within fifty rods of any fishway or dam. At the present time the law states that the Commission may prohibit fishing within fifty rods of any dam or fishway erected by the State. This should apply to all dams or fishways, irrespective of whether they are owned by the State or by private interests. EXPENSES OF PROTECTORS A larger expense account would mean the greater efficiency of the protective force. I again recommend an increase in the pro- tectors’ expenses from $600 to $900 per annum, and the division chief protectors from $750 to $1,000. CoNSERVATION ComMISSION 201 COMBINATION HUNTING, FISHING AND TRAPPING LICENSE Sag In justice to the sportsmen who are paying into the Staté treasury over $200,000 annually for hunting licenses, I feel that the law should be so amended that it would provide for a combina- tion hunting, fishing and trapping license; exempting minors under sixteen years of age, and women; providing further that the fishing license would only be necessary to take fishes of a species protected by law. There is no doubt that there is a senti- ment throughout the State for a combination hunting, fishing and trapping license, particularly on the part of the fishermen who are in sympathy with the policy of this Commission in re- stocking the streams of our State with our more valuable species of game fishes; realizing as they do that if this work is to be carried on, and upwards of $100,000 is spent every year to main- tain fish hatcheries in the State, it is only just and fair that they as well as the hunters pay their share of the burden. SPEARS AND SETLINES This method of fishing is very popular among the fishermen who wish to take what is classed as the cull fish, including suckers, bullheads, carp, eels, etc. At the present time it can only be done on an order issued by this Commission. As a matter of control, a small license fee should be required, with a license, and a tag similar to the tag issued with netting licenses could be furnished, to be placed on the setline, or on the handle of the spear; and the heense should further provide the species of fish that could be taken with a spear or setline. This not only furnishes a cheap class of food to people in moderate circumstances, but it is the opinion of fish culturists that removing the deleterious fish im- proves and aids the propagation of the more valuable species of game fish. But without proper control, it would be dangerous to allow the taking of deleterious fish with setlines or spears, as an irresponsible person would not be a respecter of species. 202 Fourta Annuat REPoRT OF THE GAME FARMS The popularity of the pheasant still continues to increase, and it is no doubt one of the coming game birds of the State. At least two additional game farms should be provided for this year. TAXIDERMISTS’ LICENSE Not as a revenue getter, but purely from the standpoint of con- trol, taxidermists should be required to apply to this Commission for and be granted by it a license to engage in the business of taxidermy. , FEDERAL MIGRATORY BIRD LAW It is highly important that every effort should be made to harmonize the conflicting provisions of the State Conservation Law and the law giving protection to migratory birds. FEEDING OF WILD GAME , We find that from year to year the ducks are making the in- land waters of the State their winter quarters. This is owing to the rigid protection given to the wild life of the State, which is not being molested or killed during the close season to any great _ extent. As the waters gradually became frozen over, we found it necessary, in order to preserve the ducks, to have them fed by the protective force of the State. Therefore an appropriation should be made to carry on this work the same as in the past. Experience has shown that the cutting of the marsh hay and stacking it for the deer has saved a great many of the smaller deer. One of the protectors, in visiting a beaver meadow where hay had been cut and stacked, informed me that there were a great many deer feeding upon the hay, and in fact in the vicinity where the hay was stacked, it looked like a sheep yard. This is true game protection. I trust that there may not be any difficulty in getting a suitable appropriation to carry on this work. STATE GAME FARM In closing, I wish to call the Commission’s attention to the gradual increase from year to year in the number of pheasants and eggs which are being sent out from the game farm at Sher- CoNnSERVATION COMMISSION 203 burne, which is the result of the hard and conscientious work done by Mr. Harry T. Rogers. I feel that the Commission has made no mistake in entrusting to Mr. Rogers the superintendency of the other game farms now being established. Respectfully submitted, LLEWELLYN LEGGE, Chief Game Protector. 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E. Lee, Divi- sion. @hiet sy). ene ae See 2 2 1 21 50 10 75 1 50 75 Allegany Division, C. R. Stapley, Disison Chichen moe Bs ee 3 | 2 128 55 18 36 8 55 |hent22 Central New York Division, W. H. | Weston, Division Chief........ 7 94 13} 1,938 10 20 62} 242 25) 2 58 Southern Adirondack Division, John KE. Leavitt, Division Chief 6 15 3 252 25 16 81 25 00) 1 67 Eastern Division, C. A. Johnston, Divisions hieto see eee eon 4 8 2 162 55 20 32 20 40) 2 55 Eastern Adirondack Division, R. B ichols, na Se ee p 1 4 4 64 00 16 00 4 00} 1 00 Northern Adirondac ivision, B. A. Cameron, Division Chief... . 1 11 11 206 CO 18 73 14 90) 1 35 AVELALLES TOCOVELY ofa io aisle aie alate toe Ue eee ee OTe ak STEM ae ns ee Rate hota amaretto s Dee $19 45 AVeTAZe COSUIDET (CASE Lk Sieiercis 6 Sees ee Se el Gel ois URE Ute aaa Bicaita telah cess els AS ees 2 00 CoNSERVATION COMMISSION Report oF THE CHrEF GAME PROTECTOR REGULAR PROTECTORS Dom . Callaghan. . er OnE > sansa ae HOP SUR DE! ae: °o 5 & B John Dollinger....... Chit DoVilless 25%. E. B. Downine,-.). 2. Calvin Emerick....... WieiG. Edmund Gallagher.... E. H. Gammon.... Ay Ginder... .<.. oe Harry Elation) oan. Jay Hand.. F. W. Hamilton. Sarena PNP ere TELAT RIS oy 02) 0 fp Miles Hazelton....... Henry Heffernan..... Wm. Herrick..... Hidgar Hickst .. )5)) 2. C2 Meptallercseee 6s, Jas» H. Hildreth...... Jha rlanschmar iy) ae W.A. Hoagland...... Fred Hoffman........ Hig A Horton.) 22) Geo. B. Howland..... Joss Jenkins-s5. 225. C@aAewohnstoneee esa JohnvHerKkaneses ee O00) > CeOu SCAG Wickes N@SEp BAIT Ys 6 He «=. Chas. R. Stapley..... Clark M. Stearne..... eee ce eee nore Frank Van de Boe.. Peter Ver Snyder..... J. iH. Wackerman..... Geo. S. Wagoner John J C. Wh ee eter o\ ler eie ei\-« 0° ee D se eee eee Sergey ieee iene. Case settled by Com- MISSION eae i ee ey : Con- Attor- Actions Court ? Other Total bought Recovery costs sable Woe charges costs 8 $44 00} $15 70} $12 00) $30 O0]........ $5770 1 11 00 STOO ee ria pe ah a ee ave ra 1,00 1 El Re eae sien AT IMAP 5 a ai rancerons | ec ye UR VD reg cA TAS 5 110 00 SOOT See Sy an ie ate et cn ee na 5 00 6 92 5g Syren Inia tee 8 50 17 289 25 38 90 23 00 10 00 $2 00 73 90 14 201 35 23 25 13 10 10:00 kee 46 35 24 575 60 P04 Oo 00) Ragen meta ee taiegen? AN eee Sr.) 36 05 28 534 40 33 45 ZOO eras eee store 35 45 18 430 70 Us ye: 5 fen ane en eol Wegeerenl ppd 15 45 22 407 08 27 45 5 00s eo alin ee 32 45 5 92 50 (hoc U Namco este Ne Rentaage WGA aim NS 7 50 4 222 10 PAM oS eater lb raitetires aol Wiens tobe 2 10 31| 362 00 PPA AS Ya espe stn euraa| |r eee Hen A eal ADR 2 = 24) 5 16' 366 95 SU TNS 55 ane ache Mma Re a | AR 11 95 6 125 00 DOO We eras) tiers Ono TNT Whey Renee 5 00 11 318 25 2133 QO ere ee es 7 96 39 25 5 102 50 DO aa el eect tee 5 dll Cs pemenatines 2 50 2 15 00 4 55 19 80 BSAA Ce eee 92 75 4 46 45 TES AE ay See eee Rea en aa 1 45 28 250 00 PIR: 85) oe Ree ae thee Pitan RANA ier 23 45 45 1,530 15 63 40 QIAO, ae ii ce i ea 72 80 29 393 00 48 60 63 65 57 67 2 00 171 92 26 606 10 47 25 7 40 ADT 50 eae 97 15 1 WOW OO 5 205 See | IR, SR Ie IS ee ce |e ae 7 124 50 7 10 DAS) aR Pe Nee EASE PERE os = woo 2 21 00 ] Ei O10) ead rte cs eae aa In Bs AL 1 00 2 75 00 @ (e}\s a) feoe!(8) (eo) ap ve 5elle os (es) elf e.e qe «(sO O)/ 50a) 6) ae le 8 20ul ee eee @ee@eees AOS ARG ae jg en Ee 25 OO Rare a Se eee oa alae ate 25 00 2 25 00 Poe ne ede eure ed Dap eA cyl ME Man 3 320 15 211 00 QO AON nee BO) OU casos Bic 55 40 Pail 363 65 PASAT RAE PGMS AIR na else CMU AN Eales ie 23525 19 255 50 27 45 1 Lop? eas Sans te (A tr 28 70 18 255 00 36 40 5) BIS OD LOO rua 77 30 12 222 00 28 35 PHIL 2) 46 00)......-. 95 50 10 239 55 AS OO ale re a oe aera 14 50 15 180 50 25 30 AV AQ NE Eee ipa eee 29 70 40 625 40 Pat fara) ote Nae 100033 ee 37 15 27 362 75 25 60) IRCA Ree ALOR O Beets! 31 35 33 900 00 DE OD Ps ee ap AZ OO aire aera: 69 55 13 175 00 A Sy OO Remar NR GMI Ds ale EAR A 15 00 20 259 06 19) ul PANES, teatime FR RC et a) 21 61 20 242 50 AEE eS ONS Rete lie eA Reon | ene eRe 41 35 39 890 70 32 10 Pip a\ 0) i tekeatecs re ERNE is a 34 70 46 869 30 66 85 Dipaeies YS) renipec iste NB Ace ino 90 30 15 206 20 ZS SOs. Mealy nee ee aoch lee eee 28 50 13 285 30 i5 00 ISD he ey ea a 20 35 10 177 00 23 35 5 00 2250 pa tare 30 85 43 638 00 64 06 5 80 PAO PAW G8 G 3cuin ioe 96 11 1 25 50 SOS Mint cleeors ciel rans eenee noose 50 25 356 50: LP ARe a 0) ea Seetae tls eaten Te a il RNa is | 12 50 22 3007 SG6l (21 Oi 120) 1500s 48 11 15 292 40 Me AQIS RL MAN cash, ee hea les arate 7 40 11 284 60 13 86 FLOOR es hare niepets 21 46 23 610 78 25 48 4 00 TOROO acces 39 48 16 188 05 POSS) Oi hetweeenceccuet ans] (NA aA RAC Re piace 26 90 8 95 10 Payal Wa) Ruse eae 3 ao Se ee Wh a dt ote 1 20 COO’ OO ae Bie a ae | a as ce 2,368) $61,736 oes 68] $613 98) $806 35) $84 O08] $4,446 09 215 ConsERVATION COMMISSION Ze IS rane hacoeee: see ———— | | | | | | Hn | se Ssul -po000.17 90q uyor pooadestp penury [SL Am,’ -UOdSI(T speqinboy TEE SNOLLOV 4O SUTOSHY 10 of b1 “COM SIN ~~ = DN i OS rt N popuodsns . ssouoquog | PONT 1948O “LZ a ee COTO aN “gory “CM Dfe "oto Rk Mer ie! Geter ce 76 iia Hye wipul/ey a eld eae el lay pli ids HBL AMTeUe) lpi anid ‘Loygng, "iL ‘d OP COC mech) TO Gare One) Get Outta tec: ih Due ct oF Tl tf 1b O epiIsumg H a | DAD Raia er eOUE MORAG DN hy ve Diath Gerith tha IOUT dung sTUuOCT Py OCR ie al hat SON COLO hy UAL NOE) UO OL Aa Dr (9 O20 *[[Sstq. ‘Vv 0); CUP CEDLh a eOe ich Oo ORCC Gy voit eur) Oean OG diec.d wi ‘SSUTTLE "M ‘H CRO CO) O20 CSC Oe OO en A cece Ged Chee 6 uosuog "M ‘TL ‘qd S00 Oui CORD ot Oo taut ao oo OG eG rey oh 5 Josulpog "TH “AL detelre) ova) ecto eine \re/iel reich) \etenve, mini iey "eile lecvanrcie) iy eusiire teal Syme 1a *K) "M GOO) DEO atesth ae \ce 0) TEC Chet OU) te nr eth dG 0-0 Oo. eqoog ‘Vv [ze9 ““gpranyosmsene gd “i ALTE g ‘sor “Tea “HL * WOSTITV “él “V “UOT "H “SOUL SHOLOULOUd UW TOAOWH FourtH ANNUAL REPORT OF THE 216 TROL oes ee ee @ ere ee ew pesisesip Ame oe ° ° 0g sss syoT Iespay Sak ce aanteeal le Rennes 6 + s+ 5 | yonngOTT URI], Slot iaee | ae teme ne) celesera rae W/m ettetiscte ere vesie. = |nu ae) pe en sce) .By ep Z ks ee ee “UBUIOTOPT AImOy ae I re gree eT “+++ WOqaZeET SOT, vse I Sar See gTaaBET ip oy Ste Z Z Ie “+s qoqTTorepy Mat ce. oe 61 0 CO OeOno Os ee aoe ee DUE Rue al Pees a See ct A eet ee See TR Res ALOE, I ZI Seren eters reese sess sees ss sanoqpor ‘oo L, I I 6I Fete teens sees eee ee esses ss OsBeLy ‘QO “A o z OF etre reese ee eee ee sees ggpang yp I z e 9¢ eet e tere eee e reese eee sess WOUTI@D “Ha ee ee eG Se Gee es TOC (EDs Ulu ot I LI Peete tents esses ee ee esse ess ureUpdOg “A TAT ( me C Peete eet t ee ee reer eres r eee pod cg tp eee tea ee ere eee || pee eee | teesaes a ; I eo soe “sos UpyUeET “pO cece eo ee ee 2 OT DE EB ES OSE eee eee NS) LUA ee acy I ieee rte ete ee nesses sees + syongUIgT UTATEO ° e ez ee re rer UNIMOG LS Et f c I I Oz SC ECCCELV 9 Cola ath o\ I | ee ae ; Heeress sess TOMO ‘OH I os e ge Peete rene eee tee ee eee sess sss Saat MOG pod I I e QZ Peete tere eben ester ee sess BATIGOG "TAL 'f ee I ee oe 9 eo aig ca SE Se eis See ee OUG OEE ot NN G T Zl See a one Sees SUN UG OS 1004) Z I I P re PDS CSO a ee es HUE eG 8 | ee se es Z a3 shee I ez eet e terete erent nese reese Igamg “9 ‘9 Pee - lee syeqjinbo Ie wegrodaas oul OA -U09d8ICT Ae aie TeqiNboy rer seoue}T8C peu SHOLOGLOdd UV TO | panuyuoyg —SNOILOY dO SLINSAY 217 ConsERVATION COMMISSION eee ee © oO © ore ee eo oe eo ee oe ew ee ° ee eo oe © oe oo ° ee @eoe oe ° . ee ° . eoeeoe eee eee ee ° ° . ee ee seo ee eee ° . . ° eee eee ° oer eee eee . ae oe Bie eee ee eee eooeee ee oer ee eee oe eee eee I G I eee ee ewe SS ce Hh | sa “NOS NNW oe ee oe * dn.iq410 NV ‘sor Fe 9 5s. UBIONT “a ay tees ees ess SOUOIN “GY Soo TTOAMONT “aE TAA ee ee CUTAT *6) “WH soe ew wow we “UTT[NIA 9 AH oe oe eee eee AO[XOJL a | ‘ad Ce *STIIOTAL "g T SE SONIN ee Oo) eae "8" “TOqse yy H ‘) Cee Ura OG) UNO O20 a pUete Oucadec) 0 YSIv “iT ‘sOuLL, GeCaUWU Oey O-Cla Oe teOhrnd, ONO ceo Geto 19 Gah 99498 ory. uyor Bae setae cee nie aaa taatipine in oa ape Vuln ANE seep SNE OPO 0 0 Oe OOOO Cuno .d ‘ysnouoqoy fc Ae (wet hay -ot iether Ua h Cet Chie) OieCed "+" YOTULION DIAL at uyor eee ee “uuAT formed pesos > BGOUMIT «AN ‘C oo DUBIaT “gt TAL pea eas aL nae fein pis ESL LS) = Ase iy uuOr pe ere ee ick O00 0000 4 “qoo[qouyy I949q, Sai oc te cctnn tence Ie ones ‘-*-ddeuyy Te “iT BA cence ONC ET NAT cee Ta see ES OTOOST “iT ‘ad Ciels) iv) lehovn ‘ouBy ao | ayor Verses ress sqoggiyor “WO ross -suTyuor “sor “roses sss DUBIMORT “gf “085 eos aM OE cress DUBIsBOH “VM Ss at ar 7" UqOap ITH “H “Ste ripe se Son get ey FourtH ANNUAL REPORT OF THE 218 re Fetters se eeeee sees cepa “Gd ‘O 29 Paar osea tiple epee tee Coat STNG IT Er OOLOOL) eT CERT C1 eo LI "7" *JOTABT, “Gg CT Hess qoqgng “Hy °094 ze "75" + OULIBOYS “TAL FABIO ee cee eee wee eee se © eo eee ee ee eo GZ tS te Maree cee Nest he se os KOT BICE SSBC) OF reeeeeee Pceeeeere | ceeeeeee [oy Cn ar 12 Peeters sree eres eres JQIQUNTpEyg ‘W OL OL v1 81 GG 6 T i=) N — nay fye embina hte CY uC) fees.01\ |, dees costs | | i | IBA Ansonte.. Seva ele aia 28 | $519 50) $54 70 $12 70) $10 00 $77 40 Wb Ballard): (seek neers, 55s 1; 11 50) SU eS es OE ay Re aol tis 1 50 eee Bellse ts ee eo. | || pee 3" Ce aerate: [ee pay ae [po Peco Setectd eg anise oe Vee ekaITe. 6 ss =o eee Ss } 6) 65 00) MOO = Ne. ate Peco 5 00 Hpk Deine... 2. =. 2 53 00) 5 1] ee oe eee ae | 10 00 13 00 Win BlIACKiC =... tise 2) 25 00) 2 75) 7 0) eee See ot A 4 75 Hapme = plane. 6) eS 6 103 25) £5 ies) Hoe case Oe So eR een a ie 5 25 Beaute Bonde!) sss. . 7 293 25) 12 00) 5 70 25 40) 43 10 ROSS ESRICE sels acces ore hace 6 150 00} ROUOO | a eee as 13 30 23 30 James-pullard:. = co... cc o- | 2 30 00) 2 80) Sea lit Neee uae 6 00 W.H. Bundenthal........ 21 556 50) SOOO rie po etna | Cote ake ee 39 20 H. Chamberlain........... 2 46 50 Me OO Neste toe Ce oe treete oraaete 1 50 Henny Cons 45-4 nase 2 «ss 1 207 OO see Ses ent opeeat Neri A ee eter Ss oe Gas 8 PllennCOOper ie. ioc: sok coke 1 12 85 Si eae 2 00 2°85 DOSES] Ned Dy rel 4 64 00) ANOO yn & Secor sw Seis 4 00 Wier loyal cost seb 7 75 10} 18 45 6 90) 10 00 35) at Arthur VMs Gare. e056... | 1 13 00) S00 See ees icachoxe ee ey 3 00 WAG auGin oy Tl Se a 2 | 1 17 50) 2 OO 2 ees ee | eteatire os efi 2 50 Wi Gibbs: ...-.-.....<- 2 21 00) rie, 1 Reece levee eee 1 00 Ree MIs 201 se 1 1000) 228. jae s aaa TSO Sagara Pde UH James Graham............ 15 UG Sy) es Sa ak eee SM Sere eo ane nate Dan Hed Maloney. 3% 3236 55: 4 76 75 GELS aes wee epee tsp 6 75 Philip Manecke........... 2 PAS OO ete ee a ene eer ee ERR Soe Oe ey SN Honnebie Worle. 2 act's. | 1 20 00) 11 75 lesen a ears Vavapares chro teZ5 James B. Moffatt......... 1 10 55 Emerge sei: Nic 3 fa ey SRN: 55 James F’. Mooney......... | 3 50 00) LES O5 eee eevee Bee | Fa ees Pe 12 85 Robert L. Moore.......... 1 37 75 PAST (ts) een ates Spee op aa 2240 Chas. H. Nesley.......... 9| 71 55 3 20 Sei eae ieee 6 55 DEB Oughterson. .. 2) .<': | 2 41 25) 1 eS | A eg ae | RIC eee ae 125 aye) Parker<. 2 22s .s : a 11 50) Os eee ek eau cen 50 Monn berry 20. ..2 52. < 2s 28 5d4 00) AS OU ep oa Sae4 eee eons sy ee 48 00 SUETTEVSIN D 1 EY2) wa ae 2 37 00) | Miers [oe Ma Serre se bP aes og eae 1 25 Warn. Rauch Sre. ss... <8 Ls esas Rei Steel La hy A pa bs eek ON Da ae = Ae RP gis se Heb RODINSON:. = as seis s 1 26 00) 4 15) 5 85) bSaperaias are ES 10 00 red wie SeHMIGG. ss. sa. ccs 10 469 80) DAROO Ihe cern acer ease: 24 80 A. Stadimeier............. | 10 66 00 ADO eee vy ta tocol 11 20 Wim: Mi Stearns. .:...:... 11 206 00 AOU etic eee Bee Fah eve 14 90 Blower’ Suor. i). 56. o55 | 33 497 50 E20 Pe eral nee Walon 61 20 Se Weldon. 2 5 oc. 5 72 65| BUGBIS err es al Seep 2 65 Louis H. Weed........... 1 EO OOT ss oc -e D epee eel re men rr reat se Sete GM ete ei ee | 237) $4,610 25) $365 = $39 70 $79 70; $475 65 222 SPECIAL PROTECTORS GeowBriers eee eo aes James Bullard 22-.2.... W.H. Bundenthal...... Be Chamberlain: 52.4535. Henny. Cong. escien Allen! Coopers ssa rnestibishi sy epee WE SEEN Oy aes aera oree Arthur M. Gage........ WoW): Gauding ois assess F. J. Maloney.......... Philip Manecke......... John EK. Moak James B. Moffatt....... James F. Mooney....... Robert L. Moore........ Chas. H. Nesley........ D. B. Oughterson....... Ray, ta bankers cee Johnew Berryessa Sam MevRerry ss. see Wm. J. Rauch, Jr....... H. E. Robinson......... Fred T. Schmidt........ A. Stadimeier....... AIA Wm. M. Stearns........ RoObeLe SUOL. tna one JRE AWeldenjes aeons Louis H. Weed.......... Totalssacy Me Sa Fourth ANNUAL REPORT OF THE REsvutt oF ACTIONS Dis- continued —_—— | | ee _ - -——]$—— | ———————______— eee r ee ee Sentences : : suspended Jail Acquittals 1 2 1 Fees ORE i ha een cue an ee TSN ac ieee FA eC ea cet he nu il Ne ait TAGE Vises ais emeh Ter a ea ak ; a ee ee ee ae HE CRCTICR CHAN SRO ROUONON ES BERENS REO! Blotaso Biielie eviejte, e, sete) ea eg eee. mle, Hise sete rants ined Sonat an ened rer En vines TG eh | Cit ER eeaeue : ea ee Svea eara pee Paleo eae Pca) abe iia ans EEO AUP Yok We eae BE Res 1 ai at aeons 12 SF 4 eect eer eee eerste e eee eee eee ee eee eee ee G9 CO! D-OeO 0 > ecrreere eerrceeve GDL ONG SO) Oxi os ee wees iw) Paso RS GOR ND NO I= OG) es Robs OT alg ea ekg oes eg es oie an Rho omnes ra bo OO et et et = O1W re OO 237 CoNSERVATION CoMmMISSION 223 Recorps oF Divisions, ReeuLaR PROTECTORS REGULAR Number Court | | Attorneys’| Other Total PROTECTORS cases Recovery costs stable fees charges |_ costs Joun T. McCormick, Division Carer, METROPOLITAN AND Lone IsLAND DIVISION Phos so Allenis 2 2h): ‘ 26 $314 35 $47 25 S3T OO Pier once ean liaetouce ane $50 25 SB oMeBaney.c.. 3. + 44 457 00 81 70 GeZ5a ees) Seine $8 00 95 95 Fred Bauerschmidt... 19 201 65 EAC) | eee rsa ee nat a oer oe lee stra 12 40 1D see W.. Benson... .:. 50 725 90 42 15 ¥, BDAY ie atari te Oe Ron) Neiehiad Wns or 46 40 Edmund Gallagher.... 43 632 75 Ot 7 fis Ui eect eels Sl ge ae Ree meaie cont rear ca een ee lid IfeR Hafies 3 8 oa 14 208 00 LIE70 ASC) (apg et eg tem Riemer Nea Pe 15 20 iBdgar Hicks. .22 15).- 30 812 06 SA (DON Leer Savacs b= [ee ae ony peau Meteor ees 2 00 OH bivarenh. . “New: Yorl:: DOS ee Saranac Lake......... E. W. Cook........... Rockville Center. DD ee Tupper Lake Jct...... John Muller.......... Buffalo. 2235 Tupper Lake, Jet... HS. Ross. 82 ies. Boston, Mass. 200% see? White Lake Corners. Ped Wa SNer Wes euro hie a) NtICa. 200262 Downeys.............. Wm. Parks......0..... St. Regis Falls. DOO ees Kildare. fice sa Ox. (Cormish) 250. New VOrks ZOO Oss Kildare.............. J. Donovan........... Rochester. 200K ie: Menge ten cet iaecns . B. Snell.............. Dickinson Center. ZOO es Meno................ F. Cheney............ Dickinson Center. 200): oe. Meno................ W. H. Keene......... Watertown. 200 ne ne Meno: 2 nsec. Be fullerton... 28 St. Regis Falls. BOO vein Meno................ F. Lemink............ St. Regis Falls. ConsERVATION Commission 245 Lust oF Deer Suipments — Continued. Weight Shipping Station Consignee Destination PAs. Moira: ee hdissa oa JBatehes os. 59s 25 CRouses | bomt: 7) Sa Moral o4..2 0-5. -NewG: Miller:........... Woburn, Mass: 210)... Santa Clara........... G. Kyson ..... Machias. 202%-.... Santa Clara........... L. Lowell . Machias. BEG). Ar sis73 Santa Clara........... IA ARR OGR Gk atthe ee Brooklyn. 7} Ss aaa Santa Clara........... G. Kratzen ... Buffalo. Bs ol 2 Santav@laray..2...... Cy bbl. ; . Hamburg, N. Y. 74] ea Sante Claray:. ..... G. AL Stearns 2.5.4.2. Hamburg, N. Y. ays ee Spring Cove.......... W.Schmith . White Plains. 21 aa apa Benson Mines......... A.S. Herrick......... Syracuse. 240) eee Benson Mines......... J. M. Lyons ... Albion. 724 Ue Benson Mines......... B. Stewart ... Hamilton. 7) 1 eae Benson Mines......... T. O. Glenn .. Bradford, Pa. PUG ake. ses Benson Mines......... U. R. Owens . Watertown. 7.) 2 Newton Falls......... R. H. Hogan . Antwerp. PAD) Sea Newton Pails )<.5; =. ..82 Dodd: 7: < ¢.2!.... i. Hl. dk ompking...-...,.. Utica. 714 eee Port Leyden. ;..... 4... ‘S- Downer.......2+... Buffalo: 710) | een a BortiGeyden. 2.022325 LHS Stone..2 2: .3. -- Bouckville: National Express Company FROM Date Weight Consignee Destination Pannemora, N.Y... 2. . 92. Nov. 14 215_|| W. BP Powers..2/5< Troy, N: Y. «= INorthii@reek, Ni. Ye... 222.2 =. Nov. 6 2080) shark Duce... 7. 3. Schenectady, N. Y. INorthu@reeks IN. Yo 322% Nov. 6 213 | George Duca...... Schenectady, N. Y. Northi@reek) No.2 og.55: - Oct. 19 203 | Geo. G. Starne....| New York, N. Y. INorthi@reek: Nio¥e oe: acces. Oct. 16 210 | Arthur H. Chris- ISAT as aac Brooklyn, N. Y. North Creek, N. Y......... Oct. 6 200 | H. G. Corwin..... New York, N. Y. North Creeks NeoY. . 5.6. s> Nov. 5 235 | Guy Ellsworth....| Binghamton, N. Y. Ray Brook Ne You een ces Oct. 6 200 | A. Adler.........| New York, N. Y. Standish NewYerieee ne eee Nov. 14 240 | S. 8S. Cooledge..... Lyon Mountain, N. Y. Stony Creek, N. Y......... Nov. 14 219 | Edw. J. Neville. ..} Ballston Springs, N. Y. —— HUNTING ACCIDENTS During the 1914 deer season there were only five deer hunting accidents, with three fatalities, according to the reports made to the Conservation Commission by the game protectors. There is 246 Fourtu- ANNUAL REPORT OF THE no evidence to show that a single one of the five victims was shot at in mistake for a deer. Out of the twenty-two hunting accidents reported to the Con- servation Commission up to the close of the deer season, seventeen occurred in the pursuit of small game, attended by five deaths. Although most of the casualties indicated gross carelessness on the part of the hunters, the sportsmen of the State are undoubtedly exercising more care than ever before in the handling of weapons. When it is remembered that there are over 200,000 licensed hunt- ers in the State, besides thousands who can legally hunt on their own farms without licenses, the list of only a score of accidents is reducing casualties in pursuit of a hazardous sport to the minimum. : . The death of Donald Curran, a lumberjack of Old Forge, whose body was found October 23 in the woods about one mile from the outlet of Kiln Lake by Herbert Hillard, is included in the lst of five deer hunting fatalities. ‘The man had been dead about ten days. He had a gun and pack basket. The first reports on the case were to the effect that Curran had probably been struck by a stray bullet, but the coroner is investigating to ascertain if it might have been murder. Ellis Shimmel, aged 20, of Mohawk, while hunting deer on November 8, in the town of Colton, slipped and fell as he was crossing a rustic bridge, resulting in the accidental discharge of his own rifle. The bullet entered his body, causing death. Edward McIntosh, aged 30, of Carthage, hunting deer with his father, Henry McIntosh, and his brother, Easter McIntosh, near Harrisville, October 9, was hit in the breast by a buck shot and seriously wounded. The father claims he shot at a running buck with a shot gun and did not know his son was in range. Mark Carey, a guide of Sodom, was shot in the thigh while hunting in a party of seven in the vicinity of the Chatiemac Club.» A deer was surrounded by the hunters. Carey and another hunter fired at the animal about the same time, his friend’s bullet’s strik- ing him instead of the game. Carey is recovering. John Lawless, of Gabriels, hunting deer on Osgood river, near Pau] Smith’s, sat in boat with muzzle of gun pointing towards him. Jn reaching for the gun it slipped and hit the rib of boat and contents of barrel was discharged into his abdomen, killing him. CoNSERVATION CoMMISSION QA4T The accidents which occurred to small game hunters were as follows: Judson Warner, of the town of Chenango, Broome county, while hunting woodchucks in company with J. Bruce Allen, in the town of Barker, August 27th, was mistaken for a woodchuck by his friend, fired at and fatally wounded. Warner died in the Binghamton hospital August 29th. Mark Hill, of Berrington, duck hunting on South Lake, near Lyndhurst, was accidentally shot by his companion, named Van Coot, the wound resulting fatally. The men had stepped from their boat and were unloading their guns on shore when Van Coot’s weapon was accidentally discharged. Guy Meyers, of Model City, Niagara county, was accidentally shot and killed by his companion on a bird hunting trip in Oc- tober. is sca | Prague aD OUSimby see Molen selene eee Spracuercs Mouehtye ood cake SpracuchwomOoumntiy. eee sone lOward: Gould iiae avec smernals lowandsGould: sm ae ein ee AWE OLE en Sap ree NGS OU Lain Interest cere sesee eco s ee eee ) 6) fel ie aie Wve nate eee ee re we ©) 18) @) wale) in to hme) Ce ee ee eC er i) eee eee oe e eee eee eee ee ore) 0, eae) (el iw) ime see ew ware Ce i ee ) er a Ce ee eT Cee MEO Jia ee | e—ai 0, s)iehis> levies; se ew ee cae we) eye) e]'b =| at alia Geers ceirecy cr Uxeleetgelse katte a e/.0) 6) eh el in segae eri ce oyu pe ee eee re ee Daun oO DuciO ioe, eee eee eee CeCe yy ot Cour) Poot oO ODO Ce eee ee ec ee o.'vJe) eee wile te Date | Lot Tax Penalty Oct. 24,1913 | Several. $60 00 | $12 00 Oct. 24, 1913 32 19 85 3 97 Oct. 24, 1913 32 19 85 3 97 Oct. 28, 1913 619 S08) Fie Dec. 29, 1913 529 4.087 haa ee ec. 29, 1913 527 TL 28a Dec. 29, 1913 525 DOS ree Dec. 29, 1913 523 Pa Nt Dec. 29, 1913 533 £35. A aan Dec. 29, 1913 535 O38) CR eas Dee. 29, 1913 844 Colom Dec. 29, 1913 693 COUR yeR ae Bee. 29,1913 222 ERO SN eacate Dee. 29, 1913 148A 20 ale: ages Dec. 29, 1913 677 DOR cae Dee. 29, 1913 461 50 10 Dee. 29, 1913 817 50 10 Dec. 29, 1913 815 1 20 24 Dec. 29, 1913 808 1 10 we Dec. 29, 1913 832 28 06 Dee. 29, 1913 806 85 1s Dec. 29, 1913 816 75 ibs) Dee. 29, 1913 814 1 65 33 Dee. 29, 1913 819 1 10 22 Jan. 26, 1914 274 45 09 Jan. 26, 1914 260 75 15 Jan. 26, 1914 264 30 06 Jan. 26, 1914 268 40 | 08 Jan. 26, 1914 250 38 08 Jan. 26, 1914 244 20 04 Jan. 26, 1914 272 = 9) 10 Jan. 26, 1914 712 35 07 Jan. 26,1914 6 25 05 Feb. 3, 1914 96 Each oat Feb. 3,1914 91 SOs tras Feb. 3, 1914 92 Ae: Lage ona Feb. 3, 1914 590 1 80 36 | Feb. 3,1914 424 70 14 Feb. 3, 1914 424 70 i4 Feb. 3, 1914 686 1 65 33 4 Feb. 4, 1914 13 15. 30 3 00 Feb. 4, 1914 181 1 45 29 Feb. 4, 1914 231 MOO i weer Feb. 4, 1914 267 LEO AL toners Feo. 4, 1914 772 BS. in sone Feb. 4, 1914 394 45 09 feb. 4, 1914 390 1 00 20 Feb. 4, 1914 570 1025 24 Feb. 4, 1914 417 49 | 08 Feb. 4, 1914 416 55 ii Feb. 4, 1914 393 40 08 Feb. 4, 1914 438 75 15 Feb. 4, 1914 388 90 | 18 Feb. 4, 1914 444 43 | 09 Feb. 4, 1914 381 85 17 Feb. 4, 1914 447 80 16 Feb. 4, 1914 382 60 12 Feb. 4, 1914 387 3 45 | 68 Feb. 4, 1914 418 fav 115) Feb. 4, 1914 442 1 30 | 26 Feb. 4,1914 380 20 04 Feb. 4, 1914 379 45 09 Feb, 4, 1914 atid PROS D OM Pah 5 Bost Feb. 4, 1914 118 6 40e) ceive Feb... 4, 1914 469 ZB vil Cites Feb. 4, 1914 507 Lee ae Feb. 4, 1914 132 1 25 | PAS: Feb. 4, 1914 4 45 09 Feb. 4, 1914 69 DOTS CD ConSERVATION CoMMISSION rk Taxes, PenaLtTy anp INTEREST CoLLECTED — (Continued) | | : | NAME | Date | Lot | Tax | Penalty | Interest | | 1 | DSc Son ay Sar ae mane | Feb. 4, 1914 66 | Sp Barre ess ates A) SDS idk a eS ae Meee eee Cee | Feb. 4, 1914 341 DOR teeta S Mane os ise Also d Dihe) Hel Cee as Se Spe oe ets Ree ae Feb. 4, 1914 69 PAUSE aie tas a fe arate eae aa ie, DRESS TT ley es ere RS Reker a aa | Feb. 4, 1914 1008 ED SOW es Oma eee ees S Wer thewlettaiecc eae. oe euee: | Feb. 4, 1914 539 2 10 SO AD at a ee Wire ean ade oo eee sic ee bs | Feb. 4, 1914 42 BLS Setanta eee Bod Ee ae ota Wim Buchan ..2 ke csecosod e «=| Feb. 4, 1914 690 63 13 | cretcr eee Northport Oyster'Co.: 2.2202. 55 3. | Feb. 4,1914 | Several 16 25 Saab alates eG MiaioriG? -ADEATIS).5 15 Soe eee | Feb. 4, 1914 628 PHY eee ose deci ake Re VES Smit hietra eto Sten alas) ne ee Sos | Feb. 4, 1914 67 3 08 G2 Sa ae areas, Geo. W. Robinson............... | Feb. 4, 1914 912 75 DSI Seder Adalines Bedell tao dao ote ee es Feb. 4, 1914 185 | 30 eee Te ype tine © ack Estate, Charles Bedell............ | Feb. 4, 1914 183 | 0 a | rior eel pric aire Estate, Charles Bedell............ | Feb. 4, 1914 | 821 450 Race [ie Aey sae eae bE oe Estate, Charles Bedell............ Feb. 4, 1914 | 820 SOU Pe 2s Lane pao Estate, Charles Bedell............| Feb. 4, 1914 770 =| SO et eee Heat ree RD ME JONDSONEF Saye 5 Se seek es Cie | Feb. 5, 1914 | 558 PLOO Me Aol |S sarah is Geouss Monroe 22: foot k o - | Feb. 5, 1914 474 3 50 (UR Ges eka Geor Mo siilline 2 5 SoS i ee eG Feb. 5, 1914 284 HUGS 4 lastest each Oe Geowhissiilleineg: 2c sk. ssc Feb. 5, 1914 EGE ee pr Pd Mean ee Rl Pal lee ee ae ee Geo. MISS ine. ore fe foe | Feb. 5, 1914 824 SOs a eee ee Sere - Geo Mapinll Ine ik s,s | Feb. 5,1914 660 Bai irae peaukgs Aree eM Stall ine. os 8. 6k ws | Feb. 5, 1914 521 Ges ip ee GeorWviiSillvineg 5 cee lok coo | Feb. 5,1914 542 Bessie ncisesiave Heres ea tecta chic Geet Mailing. 662.0. .5 00k. | Feb. 5, 1914 | 441 eee ae WA siecer ea Minisilline. 2s Ue leo. 2. 5k | Feb. 5, 1914 | 401 AE Wa Wye Male oe 2 SS ed Geos MO Sul Ine. 2:02.55... 22: | Feb. 5, 1914 | 805 265 | -..... | ...--+--. GeorinStilleine: oo sicko ook ate Feb. 5, 1914 | 253 GO tla ele Haak Serene is | Geom Mionsblimer ss Forces cco Feb. 5, 1914 | 823 GUE lis eth eben eter ate Geom Me silleime: fee eo a Feb. 5, 1914 | 440 Site ois = oon ieee Tee Geo2 VE Salk ine. 32... . <8 wy | Feb. 5, 1914 946 1S a9 (oy ea hs es Geo. MeSilt Ine ..c.. Joe... 22): Feb. 5, 1914 947 Bae aries: Pane #E 3G hides oor Weil Ine. 0 20 5. cess 3% Feb. 5, 1914 | 849 ss (U0) ae nae [ekoaes balers Ceo Soll ines. se eh Feb. 5, 1914 1021 ee fac: yer eee feree cra hans Wiarn reese ite 6 oil coe beens kha Oe ae | Feb. 5, 1914 | 11 50 | TOMS 2 Be ee Mts marsenae ee Ree es es Scene Feb. 5, 1914 | 13 30 |> OX So Me eee Sealshipt Oyster System.......... Feb. 65,1914 | 9 26.6 SS RO Cme Asha sor one Sealshipt Oyster System.......... Feb. 5, 1914 10 PAN ai Ghat eesas ote fis Lvs dc civs lati Sealshipt Oyster System.......... Feb. .5,1914 | - 8 26: GOn nose: [als Rear. Sealshipt Oyster System.......... Feb. 5, 1914 | 7 26: Ob ea lect rek aren Sealshipt Oyster System.......... Feb. 5, 1914 | 6 sf a I AES el (ly teres otc ses Sealshipt Oyster System.......... Feb. 5, 1914 | 5 DADO DPW Sears abet Sealshipt Oyster System.......... Feb. 5, 1914 | 4 ZOO poe eee Hon eee eee Sealshipt Oyster System.......... Feb. 5, 1914 | 3 EAA Ey asic ia resere coh Sealshipt Oyster System.......... Feb. 5, 1914 | 2 28) De eee eos Nt tia eee eee Sealshipt Oyster System.......... Feb. 5, 1914 | 1 ees Up | enaa eins ears es ie Sealshipt Oyster System.......... Feb. 5, 1914 | 28 LQLO5 e143 ete Le Sealshipt Oyster System.......... Feb. 5, 1914 | 27 MAR ARS Mle age Mona Cet Skee: Sealshipt Oyster System.......... | Feb. 5,1914 | Section C 6250 see eet ees ane Sealshipt Oyster System.......... Feb. 5, 1914 | Several Zon OO! Ee Sree aalt fee tear che Sealshipt Oyster System.......... Feb. 5, 1914 | Several 25-008 ees ER eee Sealshipt Oyster System.......... Feb. 5, 1914 | 20 625405 |e eee aE Se es Sealshipt Oyster System.......... Feb. 5, 1914 | 19 G22 ae ae eh BR A TR Sealshipt Oyster System.......... | Feb. 5, 1914 | 22 PAD OE ile kee Me Sealshipt Oyster System.......... Feb. 5, 1914 21 ES GB ae eee il othe ero er, Sealshipt Oyster System.......... Feb. 5, 1914 | 18 GOES Pe aes Si eine Sealshipt Oyster System.......... Feb. 5, 1914 | AO DATES Relates Clic te SRR Ie 8: Sealshipt Oyster System.......... Feb. 5, 1914 | 26 Poisighs ha gece fafa ie |e oe ta Sealshipt Oyster System.......... Feb. 5, 1914 | 787 AIGOLGoyeeeet eet Sealshipt Oyster System.......... Feb. 5, 1914 | 498 DEES ONE at 11, Nee et Le Sealshipt Oyster System.......... Feb. .5, 1914 | 259 Drache sees el ae tee aa te Sealshipt Oyster System.......... Feb. 5, 1914 354 ASSP AGE Ra | tees Sealshipt Oyster System.......... | Feb. 5, 1914 499 Di AS eee aentee meh tar et Sealshipt Oyster System.......... Feb. 5, 1914 463 LAG Mees Oe ee Sealshipt Oyster System.......... Feb. 5, 1914 | Several srr ihiuwar 4. Ne {tees SR Sealshipt Oyster System.......... Feb. 5, 1914 | Several 62 50F beer RG rer ene Sealshipt Oyster System.......... Feb. 5,1914 | Several 62° 50h eae: (Beane. Sealshipt Oyster System.......... Feb. 5, 1914 | Several. GS OO Gi ese. Ta ee. Sealshipt Oyster System.......... Feb. 5, 1914 | 881 iSO: |e Sete Li ehrcepeeety tr: Sealshipt Oyster System.......... | Feb. 5,1914 | Several PO 2000 Sasa: ee Pa ee Sealshipt Oyster System.......... | Feb. 5, 1914 everal 20 00 | el ade | ntea Wet see es Sealshipt Oyster System.......... ‘eb. 5, 1914 | Severai ZOLOOR A ere ae oe ae Sealshipt Oyster System.......... | Feb. 5,1914 | Several 37 50 | 272 FourtH ANNUAL REPORT OF THE TaxEs, Penatty anp INTEREST COLLECTED — (Continued) NAME Sealshipt Oyster System.......... Feb. Sealshipt Oyster System.......... Feb. Sealshipt Oyster System.......... Feb. Sealshipt Oyster System.......... Feb. Sealshipt Oyster System.......... Feb. Sealshipt Oyster System.......... Feb. Sealshipt Oyster System.......... Feb. Sealshipt Oyster System.......... Feb. : Sealshipt Oyster System.......... Feb. Sealshipt Oyster System.......... Feb. Sealshipt Oyster System.......... Feb. Sealshipt Oyster System.......... Feb. Sealshipt Oyster System.......... Feb. Sealshipt Oyster System.......... Feb. Sealshipt Oyster System.......... Feb. Sealshipt Oyster System.......... Feb. Sealshipt Oyster System.......... Feb. Sealshipt Oyster System.......... Feb. PACE Wiymamt y= lee ye am Loe ois, Feb. Wim. Schmechko ies os ee Feb. Peters Millersaay neu meee cor amas Feb. RetersMiallern: sree ee me Feb. Ludwig lees ak aes eset ar Feb. Td wiehleese nt pie rae ne a Feb. Tudwic lee Ls 2 ets aie eons Feb. Dud wicwlee, in ior eeaca Ta naay Feb. J Bysey Cesepal 8 GAN] Bh 6 (ey Si (cs) He eve Ta Feb Ailanoy 1G MONIT IES 6 5 os So coed Sawiole Feb. Geo We sanbeonn aoa ee Feb. Geo. We Sanmber se yaar dee ae Feb. EMA N Cet eerie Desens eo meoee Feb. Didcy WEAMEC IT ote teteae earns cua mages Feb. WalbureMianee ry iwiten sey oer: Feb. Walp um Miaimeeio57y te cate eek ee te Feb. WallourViameen en snr eea penis eees: Feb. Charles‘Olsomes oiseaeac cule wate Feb. Ma & Pie Vian Names sae er Feb. MEéPerMiE Vans Niam exemple Feb. JOnn einer Mieke hana Bins Feb. Hmma We -Albrams (tae) ai) eee Feb. MMA DW WasADEAMS ha soe eee coe Feb. Clarence Lissenden............... Feb. Polworth & Elsworth............. Feb. Polworth & Hlsworth............. Feb. Polworth & Hlsworth............ Feb. Polworth & Hlsworth............. Feb. PRolworth) & Hlsworth. 4. ose. s ee Feb. Polworth & Elsworth............. Feb. Polworth & Elsworth.............| Feb. Polworth & Elsworth.............] Feb. Polworth & Elsworth............. Feb. Polworth & Elsworth.:........... Feb. Polworth & Elsworth............. Feb Polworth & Elsworth............. Feb Polworth & Elsworth............. Feb Polworth & Elsworth............ Feb. Polworth & Elsworth............. Feb. Polworth & Elsworth............. Feb. Polworth & Elsworth....:........ Feb. Polworth & Elsworth............. Feb. Polworth & Elsworth............. Feb. Rolworth) & Hlsworthee. eee eee Feb. Polworth & Elsworth............ Feb. Polworth & Hlsworth...........:. Feb. Polworth & Elsworth............. Feb. PRolworth a Hlsworthee ce ee ee Feb. Polworth & Hlsworth:............. Feb. Polworth & Elsworth..:..:....... Feb. Polworth & Elsworth.............] Feb. Polworth & Elsworth............. Feb. Polworth & Elsworth............. Feb. New York Oyster Co...i00.0.62)... Feb. NewYork Oyster © Ome seeircscasiee Feb. Date Penalty Interest Several ae Several Several 929 966 688 Several Several 542 KEK OWED WEN He eee eee ei a) e)iuj seme oye! (e, djiepiayre) a)ae Dn) of im (ph ietis wie Peoeo ro Old o © «8 we) 8) Ke) = e) | elieere vel allw le. ee eee ee eee 6) a.\e) eiwesnieiine oleite ve) ef el pies. Ce ConsERVATION ComMISSION SUS Taxes, PENALTY AND INTEREST COLLECTED — (Continued) NAME Date Lot Tax Penalty | Interest New Mork Oyster Coase. 5...) < Feb. 6, 1914 565 NOROSiMa se ee a le cs ae mee New Nori: Oyster:Co.2 ei. oo... Feb. 6, 1914 549 (fs y Mets Abs rere! ap a Mines ie New York Oyster Co............. Feb. 6, 1914 478 ABNEY laces Soa kal raheem econ New York Oyster Co............. Feb. 6, 1914 932 De SO eres ais Ne ee New York Oyster @o. 08... 3.2 3.5 Feb. 6, 1914 941 D2 or | et er eae eat he New York Oyster Co. ig. 5 sc.e. = Heb. 6, 1914 540 BoE [asi bith psec acti New York Oyster Co............. Feb. 6, 1914 942 ScLOvll Merete liar atengee tut iNew York Oyster’Co..). 26.552... Feb. 6, 1914 959 Pea Tes) Nal epee hes ieee lie RBs ort aa rea New Mork Oyster Cowss.y..5 435... Feb. 6, 1914 957 IC rete aohaie | Dea Tae iNew Mork: Oyster Con... 2. 28.) Feb. 6, 1914 958 PESTS) OIE wise nats: allies ieee puny ates NewYork Oyster Cos 32.55 22. Feb. 6, 1914 604 SOM a irae al Se RR Ste Wew Mork Oyster Co. i. je x Feb. 6, 1914 926 Ore S oy ie eer PI eal New York Oyster Co............. Feb. 6, 1914 1009 es 25 soap eer nde cae New, Yorks @yster Coniwede. acne Feb. 6, 1914 5 Ae OO elie te eres tl eee rg a ats New iork Oyster Cosco. soos ue Feb. 6, 1914 1022 SAS a oe Meek hes ae ee cos INewp ork Oyster’ Co... 0.4.5.5.5 Feb. 6, 1914 983 Pes Na Waa ecm Ka Cet nee New York Oyster Co............. Feb. 6, 1914 975 SOO ais ey ore ake in ot bar Cinta New York Oyster Co............. Feb. 6, 1914 976 ZOO nN rae Mie tks ase: Sats eae INewnvork Oyster Coin) .ccncas 5: Feb. 6, 1914 12 OS iyhieey kee | ue sealant La New York Oyster Go... 2.05... Feb. 6, 1914 13 DIG ais | isos Die ass ha bark tye eee New, Mork: Oyster Cove: ss 4. bs Feb. 6, 1914 1 AN See Nae Naren secekes ie motte ae New! Work Oyster ©o.22. 2.3 5255. Feb. 6, 1914 ial SQ ave Aer Hey ha mea New Mork Oyster’ Co... oss 8. os Feb. 6, 1914 8 TOS yi eae ees |e SN Be ele New Morki@Oyster: Co. 22) 6. 0k 2 Feb. 6, 1914 10 15 Ye Lepesant Bd a Wew York Oyster Coen. .....5.. Feb. 6, 1914 a GOW Eel EN [erste ae an New York Oyster Co.s?. 2. ...03.. Feb. 6, 1914 467 LOS pH ineP Oe RAN Sr ats 2 ts emcee paar NewYork Oyster:Co:l.. cs. sdekss Feb. 6, 1914 836 NS Ofori Rate Take 2 a sea New York @yster ©o...:......).. Feb. 6, 1914 1024 SD OSE eee SR ihc Boe Earn 8c News VorkiOyster Couts.2 2.558. Feb. 6, 1914 201 AG ACIS) liken leans | ia, meee Caer New MorkiOyster Coles. 20.65.25: Feb. 6, 1914 1027 ZO SORE s beeen ew seedy New Mork Oyster Co. 25.5.5 .8.52. Feb. 6, 1914 1025 a3) kegel Lessee bs She toa caer (Oe: aera ts a News Morki@yster Come. oa. 5.6 a. « Feb. 6, 1914 9 GT Oe eo area eres Jee is worth eect rob 5 Reel Bebi Geli: 130 DSO Ml Premera Meee se chal ne ephomasyS ule se ae pincer ake cus cook Feb. 6, 1914 613 Sel ae aye ERE lagen dea aR nee VRCoUr Wie swonrthe@oment. 6 Que ss Feb. 6, 1914 623 Oeil Pepe eentel lle eee wht ck decade wWreisworthh@onss = 05. Feb. 6, 1914 621 UE Foye [i ayaa cre ton Caer ora ae a Cn UeeWewbilsworth Comey. a aiebebs Gl 9r4 299 Ger VNR Oe ee ae ste ee ee Jer Gren We sworths Commas seni os Feb. 6, 1914 617 PAGS VAT Sais Pearse per ees EI Orr SVs OISWOELME ©OF acs ace Feb. 6, 1914 546 1 Lia Poy hee ah a Era Coe Ve die Ja NW IDI orn (CO a Se ego be e Feb. 6, 1914 632 (am Ly fail hcp ol ee Rp mh Bava JecceWenbilsworbms on). ls Feb. 6, 1914 619 A DOES ae Son eral eke Rd War se Dead eWeulsworthn@ onan) cen. Feb. 6, 1914 497 SHO) 8 Reuse om rite LP peat StS al JEG WreuElswortn' Con. 6) 2/25. - Feb. 6, 1914 495 Se23 Ulitee mera ell ister cael tk Jeideowe LisworthuGo. a. we. Feb. 6, 1914 496 ea Oi NDR ppt can | gartalsrn ee eerie Dc Weelulswortla Con wea aen Feb. 6, 1914 443 1 a UC esa att cc Oa oh Jind Jeo wWeomisworth) Cones... 65. Feb. 6, 1914 441 Di BOWIE Re nice le LE AE J: de Je. Wi. Blsworth:Gox. 2. .22%6% Feb. 6, 1914 148 LG Gifs eee ate IE Been eee eee, Une Js WS IDEN cord COs 4 fulsd since Feb. 6, 1914 197 QV OOM its SU aNas seal Re, Letieek ite Jee demWee HS worth! ©or ses. one Feb. 6, 1914 701 TONG CM Les aetna PE a coro Jer aWis Bisworthy@Onds oo eee Feb. 6, 1914 655 TN De ieee tn Gey ath te Ieee aie J. & J. W. Elsworth Co........... Feb. 6, 1914 742 ake ally feat ayisteagtiel ong Ment Creed Rar a Juiced We olsworth: Co. 9275 sn. Feb. 6, 1914 855 Be ies A as Nar eal ey ae a ae dence JeaWe Plsworth) Conse. oan on Feb. 6, 1914 648 AQHA Ry RI Met se LNs Juice enwWe Hisworthi@onn.. so sian Feb. 6, 1914 650 PATO Feil, Babee aed [ait Batten eee ne Us te din Mahe AER ormnay (Cro ei aie ay aie ee Feb. 6, 1914 124 AON Aenea RNa eee Cowes wonuhy Comm ecr occ Feb. 6, 1914 432 SEPM A Opes fre soca tet hears 274 Fourto ANNUAL REpoRT OF THE Taxes, PENALTY anp INTEREST COLLECTED — (Continued) | | NAME Date | Lot Tax Penalty | Interest J. & J. W. Elsworth Co.......... Feb. 6, 1913 360 $1 63h Cea ea J. & J. W. Hlsworth Co.......... Feb. 6, 1914 362 28) Ue eee es eae J. & J. W. Elsworth Co.......... Feb. 6, 1914 786 PO AN MMO enmaic alles ecu J. & J. W. Elsworth Co.......... \‘Feb. 6, 1914 305 BO ii Ns eee J. J.W. Elsworth Co.......... Feb. 6, 1913 680 Ys ie peeve eta lens ot to J. & J. W. Elsworth Co...........| Feb. 6; 1914 501 pA Bis pial reome nC re i a, J. & J. W. Hisworth Co........... Feb. 6, 1914 758 Vc Ha tess ep ree aaa ca ee ea, J. & J. W. Elsworth Co.......... Feb. 6, 1914 809 SOT Meee eRe tora vsuet ts. J. & J. W. Elsworth Co.......... Feb. 6, 1914 810 5 Ie eae mere icc tie rarie ner. J. Sad. Wi Elsworth Co. a. Feb. 6, 1914 202 PSS a eee ape Je Gide Wi. klsworths@orp.. 2225. Feb. 6, 1914 367 DOB ho Shetek Chl usa cece di. & J. W. Hlsworth Co. 225.00... Feb. 6, 1914 505 A Wars yA egies eae aila a ear J. & J. W. Hisworth Co... ... 2.2.5 Feb. 6, 1914 172 2.750: a a reser a de & daw. BusworthiCon.: 5a: Feb. 6, 1914 487 DBO oe ee ee ee Je Gide W.. Elsworth Co. 2322. Feb. 6, 1914 692 r: OAT an en eval vane See _J. & J. W. Elsworth Co.......... Feb. 6, 1914 87 68: ae ree de do We Lisworthi.@on ls ke Feb. 6, 1914 785 9 AS lS a ies een Uo 6 Jeo Mlsworth Com. eae Fab. 6, 1914 556 50). NES eel seer eee de & Je Wie Mlswortha@ows. ) ooo 4.- Feb. 6, 1914 234 131.0 Te ene ROTM tha ney ta rn 28 TAG Weliswortn Cone) oe. Feb. 6, 1914 602 ra Ye ena unl gibs sreUaraOS fa 8 DE Grd Wielsworth Come nese. Feb. 6, 1914 631 Fo fo i aber TIE FAP J. & J. W. Elsworth Co.......... Feb. 6, 1914 208 AQ ato | Reet aaah pane Sided WieskulsworthiCon vec. 4. Feb. 6, 1914 625 (GY a eee eee le ks hrs. Uf Decedee Wi ul Swot @ Oj wei. Mee | Feb. 6, 1914 633 50: Oe See ee Jc J. W. Elsworth Co... 2... 0.) Heb: “6; 1914 269 STO: PU AMPPR Unite ctiey rah at oe Ueicde Wieelsworth Cone arn? | Feb. 6, 1914 629 SO. Ae aC iene eee rae Jere Wi. Elsworth) Con. Yeo .. | Feb. 6, 1914 273 AU Bea Ree ees liuNiN asta Ie d. & J. W. Hisworth Co:. 22.2... | Feb. . 6, 1914 | 618 ABs RG eos Spee nerepaR a. J. & J. W. Elsworth Co.......... | Feb. 6, 1914 346 Pig? Fe Maal Pa eM east |liace ae abe! te) Je deoWae EISWOEtD) ©On 03440 Abe Feb. 6, 1914 559 Bb lis: See ee eee J. & J. W. Bisworth:-Coe. 2... 2. Feb. 6, 1914 534 YAWaee rere Mutts erect, Eag dW telsworth Comes st ye: | Feb. 6, 1914 182 (01 Oe eva eviec edt) PO hs De Jo Wo Bisworth Coe 2, Feb. 6, 1914 532 Ray NMP nein Vi ect Ss J. & J. W. Elsworth Co..........| Feb. 6, 1914 184 AO ARR eee vere eGo. 4 J. & J. W. Elsworth Co..........| Feb. 6, 1914 634 Gof She a eke Seana J. & J. W. Elsworth Co.......... | Feb. 6, 1914 636 1 JO 2 peter See nearness DG Wr ulsworthi@oree =) hee | Feb. 6, 1914 638 82 te 2a. Seven a eres Jew blisworthi Coes nna: | Feb. 6, 1914 165 COS NEC a Oe eee: Jeera olsworthy@ ome ae sae | Feb. 6, 1914 194 UTR Oe eon et alee sien Ok Jee We lsworthy@ok jaa) 4.0. ee | Feb. 6, 1914 630 Le al RAM cr ictceles Wey Giebey ci Je & 0. W. Hlsworth Cos. eo: Feb. 6, 1914 365 | ye! Fe bel ae RL le Bian A 4 Te We IsWOrth Comet same ae Heb. 6, 1914 373 i Mies ae ese ent oh tats PT ix Deed dls Whe enema Oe pees at Feb. 6, 1914 363 QZ OO le ys era eae aera J. & J. W. Elsworth Co.......... | Feb. 6, 1914 371 T2803) bo PNY wp Pee or Ree oR RRS NNR ee He ee pew Penalty eoeeere eoceeee ee rere ee eceee cece eee eee eee a eee eee eeeeee see eee see eee eerecere eseecoe eet eee eee eee eee eee eee eee ea ee eo. to a eee ere eee eee © ee ee le iefisre Yelisnw je atetivisave cere ee eee eee eee eee eee eee eee eee serene oie} fe}loelie, cee ewe cer eee eeeeree eereee eee eee eer ere cee eee eeoeeere cer eee ajisideneliere eoeeee oer ere Interest eee tee eee eee ee ere e eee eee wee Si teaeflewsl tein de Ce ee er? eee ee een e eee eee eee se ee ew ee eee eee eae cee eee ene eoeees awe CC ee ) Ce eee were ee eee as) wi ie) nie: ey Diets es) s) 0 law Ce ee i ay So teoEoe ch ca or ee ere ee oe Ce CC amy eee rete ee oyec\e) seer eheiie, eee eh ee wee es) ie) oe «twos. eee ee eee eee ree nee cde |< ayemolie vials eijucnine tay aJlehiente, eerie tute pero awe, 2 66s) 9,2 2) ee cet eet eee CuO Once Oo) iS eer eet ewe ee Feast nO Cats Ce ee ee te «0 6 ele CC a ey o) fe) s\remol conten ne oe > eee ees OR LRCrO Getic Ooms Oe) Oo iD © es! stale) esielve eer ese ope Beacons cen o oe er ee wee eee reer eee SC ay see eee eee see eee eee Cue. O20 1 On eee eee eae ere ee eee eee eee ee eee ee ee eer eee eee ee oe *6. 6 (a ej, ec eee er ee eoee ever erens eee wet e ee co) /e: (eo) janie) ie) mone eoeoee eens ConsERVATION CoMMISSION 277 Taxes, PENALTY AND INTEREST COLLECTED — (Continued) NAME Date Josephine Gefiken.....:......-5.-. Feb. 10, 1914 Josephine Geffken................ Feb. 10, 1914 Mawarghooleyaesc ac cae as ee es Feb. 10, 1914 TE (Cot ID YSIS Ate aie Re I es ep erinmrr eee Feb. 10, 1914 TTL Ors 1 GVO) fs) ce Hine Ani dere eee aE Feb. 10, 1914 Re @ ae DOC KEIN sorte scour ic lite es Feb. 10, 1914 AIRE IN Eee tap Ponce its eee re teac Us eae se Beas Feb. 10, 1914 Blmerw le Uber so tse sce was) s Feb. 10, 1914 Ei lmers det Uber its vie cise laceecee ns Feb. 10, 1914 inverse toler espe ie Ae es ec wes Feb. 10, 1914 Eimer ee UG erie sree t oy eetet te Feb. 10, 1914 Merve eS Iblel emeionen a.m ioes Feb. 10, 1914 iMlmen Dass Utlen. foci ene cee oak Feb. 10, 1914 ESimenwber doublet cs ay Sets oe oe oes Feb. 10, 1914 meres uGleneiatr oi cits costs Feb. 10, 1914 Wimenve wp uplers oe oy as ies alors Feb. 10, 1914 POWINOS SOM) es isons al fate Feb. 10, 1914 DH ORIN Ge Go SOMs hee awe t ete Feb. 10, 1914 DRO MNOS GOON) toms one Feb. 10, 1914 DHOMNOSIEISOM 5 tise ho awe aes Feb. 10, 1914 IDE OMINOCKRASONG Goh ae Gice ee ene Feb. 10, 1914 HON Noerss SON. airs eis eee Feb. 10, 1914 WRONG as SON... oi... hs Soe thn sek Feb. 10, 1914 DMOs INGER OMG. aoe ee cee: Feb. 10, 1914 ID OmNOGIe SON. 62 toc was eta: Feb. 10, 1914 Te evan 7 NAVE SS 0 ph Ra an eae Feb. 11, 1914 Josiah Bhompsonis oo oak 3 Feb. 11, 1914 Jesiahibhompsoniat oa-ssa ss caus Feb. 11, 1914 Josiah Thompson....... aR aus aie Feb. 11, 1914 osiahmbnOmpsonts Aw. eleys eco dus ols Feb. 11, 1914 AuoustiGeMiallern: ci. decie casas Feb. 11, 1914 Abram Watourette.. ssa. <5 j=) Penalty } Interest Or OR dl bee nee Ont) haus Spleiieliehielteue j{imtivie, oy tie Weisiiehcs whee 8 rele) {Pub efial «) epefel.a) wr O) ie Chie nal |) ROCIO POs Chante) ny She) OMe) tm) Kou rie) dome) Teheliwita: jo: =. Sires pyieia lias Lilie, deletion che) elise a, e416) elter sl leujorie, wy af ete) se CCC CHIC Holt | |. 8) eCirOnct Gane si) siete) eral |) 2 a \bve) ete! vyinse.« OOO SC Pi SO CRONE a5 seeeL eels: it vel eielemett a: qre Shay) elaley els) eneym leu s.8))ei= 278 FourtH ANNUAL REPORT OF THE Taxes, PENALTY AND INTEREST Cox~LECTED — (Continued) NAME . Date ; Lot Tax Penalty | Interest Geo. A. Schmeelk................ Feb. 16, 1914 210 $2 70 $0! S45 Spee eee Geo: Ac schmecl ik pea see Feb. 16, 1914 281 55 dU Nees 4 Geo. A. Schmeelk?.. 000. 0.0.0..6. Feb. 16, 1914 103 55 PUR ESS 20a aha Herman M. Schmeelk............ Feb. 16, 1914 411 DAD i oe ES a Herman M. Schmeelk......0..... Feb. 16, 1914 412 BS Wo a ree en ge Herman M. Schmeelle ).. 5.22... Feb. 16, 1914 468 1 Repo 1 ah Wee peers let ae by ik gS Herman M. Schmeelk.........2.. Feb. 16, 1914 509 20.20) oS nl nee tee eae Herman Me Schmechz e402... Feb. 16, 1914 541 CCG ae eee OR ok Ns ae ae Amo thivaehe NO tue ae ee er eee Feb. 16, 1914 a 30 O68 3a eee EINE Na Ckey eit o) Meanie ceare ae Feb. 16, 1914 93-L 308 Poa ee eee Wim VEsSchmeeclikn 7 Feb. 16, 1914 15 80 LOG aS erees Wants VieiSchmecik: 0 ee Feb. 16, 1914 316 2 20 SAU Sel ae GeoDickens: 3:52 4) 15: re ae are Feb. 16, 1914 43 SO a Rae cee Corelle GeRalimers es ae eee Feb. 16, 1914 369 3 OO! oe ee fete eee Chas. BE. Palmer & Scn........... Feb. 16, 1914 Several B25 Oise eats Chas: HE Palmer-& Soni). =, . Feb. 16, 1914 Several 14 SON i ea ae Chass Palmer & Somsc8s- 020222 Feb. 16, 1914 671 DQ Bi Ae) Rares |e aaa are ee C. B.C. & H: Palmer..... 0... Feb. 16, 1914 859 16°20. i) a eee ee HMlmern detbalmier.n en cen tay eae Feb. 16, 1914 973 8.00.3 8 eae ee Mlmerde Palmer eG psy Sani ee ee Feb. 16, 1914 953 ALB ASS el ae eae BimerseaPaliment ners aie net Feb. 16, 1914 897 8 22 (erie Sy etnceliae S3)° HimeradeePalmerk eet ea gars e Feb. 16, 1914 896 STO eS eral ee ees Mimer We ealomencad eta ie Feb. 16, 1914 | Section D T5268) hil ecole ree ae ee Androvette & Thompson......... Feb. 16, 1914 392 Di FS eta NI NA oa rg Androvette & Thompson......... Feb. 16, 1914 148 QO 21 SE Re ene Androvette & Thompson......... Feb. 16, 1914 339 PAR OY fied Magee ree hitesre lane cca S Androvette & Thompson.......... Feb. 16, 1914 Soll TOO: 3} 2 es ae eaenoapee Androvette & Thompson.........| Feb. 16, 1914 568 OB ih. |S Pare [iechaeha Real wae Androvette & Thompson......... Feb, 16, 1914 236 QB See | ee oe emer Androvette & Thompson......... Feb, 16, 1914 789 DM er EA So a rare nee Androvette & Thompson.........]} Feb. 16, 1914 807 Garena [Le ee ae et Androvette & Thompson.........| Feb. 16, 1914 570 (Gate [heel Giahane | iit Te Androvette & Thompson.........| Feb. 16, 1914 980 BESO 5 aaa De ae Androvette & Thompson......... Feb. 16, 1914 979 5°00 |: 2 oe Androvette & Thompson.........| Feb. 16, 1914 960 PIP AT Rae dieen ois iP a Bin. $ Ee Otissioveys co ee ee ae Feb. 16, 1914 600 10°70) er eS ee eee HiaObissHovey ter te eee oe Feb. 16, 1914 587 PAS delete een KS ae hae BaOtise#hoveyce eee eee eee Feb. 16, 1914 617 TAQ Se Pee ee aCe HA OLISMElOViey.t ert ee Petes Feb. 16, 1914 198 TOV OM eee Fibber ese ae He Otiswaoveyai. a: ie ae ae Feb. 16, 1914 327 DS APG Sc a te ea eae Be Otissloveyee . naan ete eae Feb. 16, 1914 301 SLO eNeeee Lone toe He Otis#oveye se yan eee ee Feb. 16, 1914 618 fs ENA Da as eu eA [aay ee ein te Wants © eb al chwinkias eee a eae Feb. 16, 1914 199 il BS Dios Seinen eres TAG EWes SUAEDOLE Se oe Eleae euan eee Feb. 16, 1914 488 AD ADE Sy Ree 0 0a ape ea ACE Wie Snarrettie aun eie eee iin ape: Feb. 16, 1914 506 pA Neh Mata SOs Bilis "b oe I OWeaShaErettn en: a seen en Sere Feb. 16, 1914 687 QOH) eke Fee eee NN NAO fed OFT ere LAIR ERR Tt eel al NN LR Feb. 16, 1914 656 8 S307 el ee ee GeowASGarma nine ween Vannes Feb. 16, 1914 118 85 Ite iper iat evans oye She Geo sAsCarmanin fine a -....| Feb. 16, 1914 218 05 21 esas eG ree Wile Ickens SSA) oe we ier are Feb. 16, 1914 250 70 £4 tale epee Dito a MOLLE en mtu e ie Gros Feb. 16, 1914 358 75 HUTA ie tate SB SMG ASMOLGene esa omits eee lees Feb. 16, 1914 366 53 Tiss 2 ee JACODPBUMSteaGe nec cee ee hee Feb. 16, 1914 66 4 50 OOo |p Usa. see DOOM S ele hiier ee aera eee ene Feb. 17, 1914 129 DR wees [E. Seaieecea eae JonMeVieSlereht oe ese ae Feb. 17, 191 125 DOME. piece la be Seueua nese 1 Op CF Gh eran ae GIR ie Oui Ss Feb. 17, 1914 UB) ZO VOOR erences sare arr: AVY 8 1) IB © Olommr aoe cee eae ation mane Feb. 17, 1914 4184 ASE ia en | ents aette nae De BEC cloner eer auc te a aciiate Feb. 17, 1914 950 aie O inl enna rer et ine tls WEAR SS Cheneks ai ok tem rae Feb. 17, 1914 501 (Gye Ua Oe AN aba {ir eee” eater Peter Wm. Von Ahnen........... Feb. 17, 1914 500 GO ees [EA oan Peter Wim. Vion Abnen’... 5 3.72... Feb. 17, 1914 204 PAB Wien ea Pe cess eee Peter Wim. Von Abnen’.\:) 2.2.25. Feb. 17, 1914 32 DAN 1s Pil hee Abia arhoeoe Dovel Peter Wm. Von Ahnen”.......... Feb. 17, 1914 205 D7 OY SYN Weenie sede BM neo Peter WamneiVion Ahneni ai... oc Feb. 17, 1914 41 Bak 0) 0 ail Reread tas (Gm oS! pc . Peter Wm. Von Ahnen........... Feb. 17, 1914 304 PHO Ay anne aire Nis ceore.o ose. 5 The Modern Oyster Co........... Feb. 18, 1914 Several Pa 630) ABO Parcs eid Bose te WN Bis 6) Ve) VG KS ER acer (data oh Feb. 18, 1914 70 2 95 Layo He Meek stoke Mec IACHEN ea OVGL Seat Sst aha de Sa Neher Te bets Feb. 18, 1914 30 LO Qa ee aon ae lenny Cormellarys ae ere eee ses Feb. 18, 1914 409 1 10 22 Warrent@ onnellices ip ree eee Feb. 18, 1914 453 DAES Vise Nea ane eal Mpa i rn Co 5 Wiarreni@ormellens se ie eae bot | Feb. 18, 1914 449 EO al stent ote anges oh 6 Wiarrenii@ornel liye ss Shere | Feb. 18, 1914 372 DEAD BA OLY Lt Suet | Ste eee Tori SSeAdiemen i pear ie ecu | Feb. 18, 1914 123 LAL ral techie RMR 5 ConsERVATION COMMISSION 279 Taxes, PENALTY anp INTEREST CoLLECTED — (Continued) NAME John. @zeAllentyese ace et setae James H. IVeGrodden Fas Neeleat vee tenet Glsarai Mic@rodden) 2005.22 5060. PDrAmMUNlANeG sos sae creche) o ei eut a MpramuNianee! 62x og Sek cs aoe os MbramiuNVianee.) 6.2. cetiasueis cia sc Abram’ Manee 2) 4320 bo See nes PMpramiVianee st iiee ues scion Abram & Wm. Manee............ Abram & Wm. Manee............ Abram & Wm. Manee..:......... Abram & Wm. Manee............ VESSOMVEGOlGEMW Eh Gehan seen oe re Danrtel\ Rowlands... sity ee hon ei Danielohowland sey 2s ade oe ane Damielsowlandl.s csi ee era ee WAMTELRG WLABEs 6s case ies eeldiee @harleseBa Sprague. 22 0as See. @harleses: Sprague. 2.02 wey 2 ee: Geo spraruee i Geel as Baik Waniel Burbamies se se ee Wantelubunhanilce ies lle yee ee WanieleBunanics oe dis ee ee oe WDantel Burbank) 2. 0 as ees Daniel-Burbank. 8. see aie k. ees Mantels Burbaniks 6. oes ee Seek Daniel Burbanko. . Ll. snes oes: BA INS 8 iy, Hol at eee Pale EAD TAMS eae ee ay er: Were co ae Tile te on H. Jr.) Vreeland... PEN: J. H. & J-H. (Jr.) Vreeland....... Heavalang weiOdelis an ee oes Soke Haviland: é Odell ip eek ols Pa yilanGnw Odell ers tae ls Bs a: Haviland & Odell fo. 5 ss | Haviland: & Odelle so), uk 5.82. 02552 Haviland @tOdelle 2) 2s ecole IDG ward wiebenons 2s ele Cee Bid ward: Webel s. Jat jek ceca cee iMdward) Weber: 5 ssl. ese. Biedwacds Weber. fee tee Oi ke ss cae: HPATIMNENO MET Sas Sh ko sel eects ease CAM ENOS ELS A. 6 speeeiorae ose ahoas Lyall cel BeyovEey gS We ences Mal Rianne Bank ene HPA OMEN oa sc cies sere erie e fA pees @ Ona beeen sic cae Oe ce iHenryiS.iviarsmall set eye le Henry 8S. Marshall....... Asian Cone Henry SMarshall so. 2 ose ci to. lenny OreViarshalles. S32 Ns )2 ess NualisiSoneld oe ta. evel oes ts se . 18, 1914 . 19, 1914 . 19, 1914 . 19, 1914 . 19, 1914 . 19, 1914 . 19, 1914 . 19, 1914 . 19,1914 . 19,1914 . 19, 1914 mo 1914 . 19, 1914 SO LON. . 19, 1914 . 19, 1914 . 19, 1914 . 20, 1914 . 20, 1914 . 20, 1914 . 20, 1914 . 20,1914 . 20, 1914 . 20, 1914 . 20, 1914 . 20, 1914 . 20, 1914 . 20, 1914 . 20, 1914 . 20, 1914 . 20, 1914 . 20, 1914 . 20, 1914 . 20, 1914 . 21,1914 . 21, 1914 . 21,1914 . 21, 1914 . 21,1914 . 21, 1914 .21, 1914 . 21,1914 . 21, 1914 . 21,1914 . 24,1914 . 24, 1914 . 24, 1914 . 24,1914 . 24,1914 . 24, 1914 . 24,1914 . 24,1914 . 24,1914 . 24, 1914 . 24,1914 . 24,1914 . 24,1914 . 24, 1914 . 24,1914 . 24,1914 . 24, 1914 . 24,1914 . 24,1914 . 24, 1914 . 24,1914 . 24,1914 . 24, 1914 . 24, 1914 . 24,1914 . 24,1914 . 24,1914 . 24,1914 . 24, 1914 Lot Tax fot bt He OD HS Ft G0 09 bet Ft kt CO DD Pt eo Oo me no oO | Penalty ee eeee ee ope ens Bea 9:-w hele eee eee ee eeee se eeee eserves eeeeee ee eeee eee eee eeceves eeeceee esceeee ere ees eeeees se ee ee wee CC ry wlaile sea, eee s\ ©) =,18|\s) oul folre Lie CR CS ile wie 2e.\e\ (eens Twenge Uoslis.e; .enelialce Sieve» = wlelsle ee eee ee ee ee ey eee eee wee eee eee eee Jes te tul este \e eheuerm 280 FourtH Annuat REporRT OF THE Taxes, PenaLtty anp InTrREst CoLLEcTED — (Continued) NAME | Date Lot Tax Penalty | Interest Sofieldiidaibbrazernsis ie ee eaees Feb. 24, 1914 156 10) SAO es a eate aN as Sonelol@Gaibnazerve eines ere eae Feb, 24, 1914 169 BO rae a EER es Poheldedqibirazeny sce ees yee Feb. 24, 1914 168 BO uke we Ee A gees Soteldiigchinazerte. 4 qui. iano en Feb. 24, 1914 995 PX ean | Oia, alien |e oa EE. Niles © razeriivc. Mise ae yee Feb. 24, 1914 21 As nal eNeeee an teers ames YC Alexei @ Sshrazerns caterer Naideeise Feb. 24, 1914 939 Tio AMPED EAC nits 2 conte ORS Ailexn @ssb ra Zeriins wien ens sue aiele Feb. 24, 1914 1,012 AG: 285) so i Sea een eee Frazer & Houghwout............. Feb. 24, 1914 176 BOR sn ae UN hie ae tage Frazer & Houghwout............. Feb. 24, 1914 218 1 75 PE St hes Sates ei Frazer & Houghwout............. Feb. 24, 1914 783 LO QQ i. Sess BA RN eae wees Frazer & Houghwout...........:. Feb. 24, 1914 504 PAE toi) OneirereP ER Aye ewy on Prazer @& Houghwout...5....... 5. Feb. 24, 1914 1,007 2. BOE Pisaietticlonseulis eee copa wa ee Frazer & Hiooughwout.,........-:. Feb. 24, 1914 1,010 EDO iin s) ey |e eee Alex ra zert© oss eee sero seee Feb. 24, 1914 994 20°65) eh aa eee A Texssh ra Zen Onset e cite ee Feb. 24, 1914 1,005 TSO) eel ae Alex raver ©opee i sieanircs omits Feb. 24, 1914 1,011 88 OB fei REI ee ene GEeRe WirichticnSOnee oie ee ae Feb. 24, 1914 491 Bete cia tele Seki ten ee eee Wise Momehwiout-pieiiae eeiae oe Feb. 24, 1914 486 SRE Neate 6 Nis so n wins oc Weehicsblouciiwoutn ieowael ce ei ace Feb. 24, 1914 512 (of Wal Deere mD a errr Rene WOE blouchwowtr aaa ce wes oe Feb. 24, 1914 694 LO Dis). eae ae eee We Be Eouchwioutn sense ieee Feb. 24, 1914 &99 HE 0 5a MN REN SO Were louchwouta asec ie Feb. 24, 1914 978 p25 ce) Em acme He Wim @Ronthe ees a eats ane Feb. 24, 1914 329 EMM Oto al EN Fan ET Wind Bont ee pe ae ep ns Feb. 24, 1914 323 Pa Sars esc declan AN te Wan CR onthe ney ia ea ee eae Feb. 24, 1914 325 YAMS 0} 0) mare Ie ab RE Wamii© Rorthein sedate ae neni Feb. 24, 1914 319 bDAS TN een e aa Suara Wints©. cRornthet one aa ne Feb. 24, 1914 333 EY (al arta IS NF. Wan 4 Rorthen va inan atebiner cin) 2) yee Feb. 24, 1914 843 pi Hoya] eee Ne See OO: Warm CSS ROT Ga erie ean nai me TEE Feb. 24, 1914 321 SO ie Sec Pee tae aa ce gee Win CrsRorthcnce on apie nant Feb. 24, 1914 331 2 ies Oeil Pe Fa Wimhi@ Rortheemc: sxsisseuaiecie eae Feb. 24, 1914 327 prota peer Lee Sts Warnn@ so ortlaces wctice woman creme Feb. 24, 1914 412 Co dil Maman ue eae es Wim © Rortineis Gh We Mi ce alone Feb. 24, 1914 779 6B BOP o50 2 ee ieee Warns © a OF Bin eye ee ise daieiees eas Feb. 24, 1914 408 geste PREP | a Sets OG. c WimiiG ePorthiiiinsa cA iense ale senea Feb. 24, 1914 781 BRO AO nl enemies alta ah oe a Johnie ierrelle ie wee ee ciate Feb. 24, 1914 460 BO Wea e ick ata ale Nn eres Johnvled viernes ae easily cia meee Feb. 24, 1914 474 d ves Wes leaner ingen doh gs pe le a JonnmleVlerrelll ee eee mens tias Feb. 24, 1914 475 i let skort REMC N SE Se A John wiedVienrelis vk ene see wn eee Feb. 24, 1914 476 1 Uys al ee aoe ee Als Sy Mo Johnie Merrellic: 2 pee ieee Feb. 24, 1914 352 bie Oho tael Wwe ep UE Teil Bi kk JohnelyMierrello iis He einer ia Feb. 24, 1914 232 SOO Ue eae eee Johnie Miennellleis sy yeeesie re ee Feb. 24, 1914 477 Poe leo Halu ea oa eal etd oS Tohnileyviernellle tee aye eee Feb. 24, 1914 478 SIOO |. oR eae JohnH lerrelle stay teeny aie Feb. 24, 1914 446 DE Wl lenient ete lates Gio-aca es JohmelsMlernellye weiss oe pete Feb. 24, 1914 833 A Wao} Oi Nene ON a alc Johnie Verney goer ua vanieran Feb, 24, 1914 524 De Eh allt a Pelee ee JohmslseVerrellin aie brie eon eae Feb. 24, 1914 258 Paine: HOON ee RMT) PSD 8 Oy Johnie Vierrelliin wm aries Feb. 24, 1914 504 DST Gen eerily n ih oddiG ooo sac Johnie Merrell Reese a ete ce Feb. 24, 1914 1,004 HBO! i 2s eee ee ae Johnelee\ierrellin einai see Feb. 24, 1914 1,014 B68) Se ee John wey Niennell ee ee news Feb. 24, 1914 6 1 ie Us Pan Ne oe eee FE Johnmet Merrell ag nse esta aie ili Feb. 24, 1914 919 3 GO ey Sinisa eee IPanschsBLosH@ ok swiwsi eee nies ere Feb. 25, 1914 12 HOBO el Si eee PauschyBros!;. Co seep nicer Feb. 25, 1914 13 | By UBS HO Vis re Ie se os, RauschvBros1© once eee ie oie Feb. 25, 1914 Several Noha CoN eee cia eli Gills oe 2 Pie PauschyeTos Con se ae eee Feb. 25, 1914 Several SIE SO eal eee Jet oistola\d Bias (Oss nivieinnis Gn odio AAs Feb. 25, 1914 Several VD Beh Sse ae elena Rausch Bros Cort. see ee Feb. 25, 1914 Several QA SON coe eee eae IBAUSChyET Oss Coma esa en iets Feb. 25, 1914 108 29) PO ias 3a a ee ere PauschsBrosiCow ne assem. Feb. 25, 1914 107 G28 or SS 20) nea ee RauschyErOse Coma winrar meine Feb. 25, 1914 127 AAO i i eS) Nera ne eae Rausche Brose Cores Meee | eee eae Feb. 25, 1914 315 8 GO eae ae ene Pauschy Bros © one acct len ae Feb. 25, 1914 977 36)000}) eee ee Pauschubros © one eee seen Feb. 25, 1914 1,019 TASS cs ee Sa IRaischyBrosm@o meek clei ee Feb. 25, 1914 1,018 TSS Sieh s Seckale sll eoeatoneneneeerets IPAUSChHVETOSHe OMe ee ele eee Feb. 25, 1914 1,020 a7 Naa} Yaa Wipers aun Oa Hy Gi Honresteny Gus Oaer. 4 wa iacnin een ree Feb. 25, 1914 347 y Wai. ol A RICCI RS BIL, Gog Geo Horresterraeloapee yy see cose Mien ce Feb. 25, 1914 353 Ciel ENON ea cece HOrresten, wr elOaere yee seek Feb. 25, 1914 989 PMS Yo Tan arene ira wal ee se ey, oh 8 Hormesteniawoaga iiss yy) any one Feb. 25, 1914 801 1S) CHE RM RUIN it a ehh I MOrrester: G7 elOAl. oe nee ele Feb. 25, 1914 669 oy OO CRE CRO aR PC lato 6 2 Morresten oop Oaey .) ieee ane Feb. 25, 1914 874. Bow es Ce || bere eee ee Morrestera bloga sie ee nian Feb. 25, 1914 875 GOP ee glares AONE see eke eee ConsERVATION COMMISSION 281 Taxes, PENALTY anD InTEREST CoLLECTED — (Continued) NAME Date Lot | Tax Penalty | LOH MP Ss ERO Ree noes ae aaeahe sara: Feb. 25, 1914 Sie hile ee Oar area ae Geowisborresterss & o. 22. fens nae Feb. 25, 1914 SG Gee | ee cake AOS hau iaeeNe (Geo eH MOrrestenx = a igen 2 okt Oo oes Feb. 25, 1914 SO erie sc O om iinen eee CG eOu EN WELOLTEStCI aoe he Skier ne ie Feb. 25, 1914 PT LESSR ti Ug Wed ay EK Oi Pad tie Ceos WH ssBOlnrester.. cscs Meee es Feb. 25, 1914 Dees beige ey OO Ana ce CRO WSPragess@ piesa chor dis sos Feb. 25, 1914 355 $0 1 GCHOGSNraeue Bisco te ateeene Feb. 25, 1914 286 09 VonnIOWe arlsoMe se: See eee sas ce Feb. 25, 1914 605 44 @harlesths- Mentone. -2oskia 2 us: Feb. 25, 1914 ASS aes [ioe net yeak eh Era lla ecco tes GharlessH| Denton... ek os se ce Feb. 25, 1914 RCo ksety = SOME esgs cee WarlPREeisaccuk ny ais ec AeA conan Feb. 25, 1914 308 38 (ATlsReers 4alcwee is sci Cone Feb. 25, 1914 133 19 WarlPReensiiecrercn Seek ee ed es Feb. 25, 1914 215 14 Bisworthibe. Wewise icy ee a Feb. 25, 1914 11) beet Flea citer a Leo tet isoeen aee Iisworthe bs bewis 2.0256). sae Feb. 25, 1914 LAR ake Saha tek Rayna hap IBisworkhee ews... ysis ac oo 6 = nhs Feb. 25, 1914 eo Vike] pore Ge erat abes Oey DeSean iswOntheBs WewiSs cn): c see 2 eee: Feb. 25, 1914 LNCAP (8 EAP ae at wor7 92-4 Beal Mae Pelee Hilsworuhebesbewis ie < cst ics outs Feb. 25, 1914 181 ACEP ASY lee ae ilsworth) Bs bewiSs.. <0. kiss. +. race Feb. 25, 1914 GS2UGs aces ene Ol Ra speenes Gceowveyohanrettecc. ce es wee: Feb. 26, 1914 496 IL Ye Boe 6 Beri SHALLetbsenisa noe e eee sels Feb. 26, 1914 148 TIO ai hererne ae Anam: Worle... 62. cee kiss 2 ts Feb. 26, 1914 769 0s NDT ATOM VV OPIAM) < Jia.- sh. se Ate ees Feb. 26, 1914 UE 09 GeOrerly DVO TAI fs aes ee ok aoe Feb. 26, 1914 20 18 PR Bevan Se Cr Arte icc oie «6 ons Feb. 26, 1914 Ges Ciceneaer Deb rllta stars alas API DS CANS DY] 8 5 a riences eee ae Feb. 26, 1914 TO eal eran <2 Seale rc re TROT Cats) ol Deve] 6 4 omer eee ot eee Feb. 26, 1914 112 a ae Hes rot aera) 2 eS DO NEL ARE Weyer tue eS he cee Feb. 26, 1914 VAO SS Ae DOOR asa hye Meh erecs Det artinec:; Goss week Feb. 26, 1914 A eee Omer Gosia rare adelO@vster- Once. sce toe oa eee: Feb. 26, 1914 Sole ae So OO ae sc RadelbOyster: ork oat) 6 ke ee a Feb. 26, 1914 Tied lie FOS OOE ue 2s ee iadeli@ystern Oo. osas'c tes ek ve Feb. 26, 1914 AT thee ROO | ee RadewOyster (Co)... cchsites ek ean Feb. 26, 1914 Gist re OulOO™ lsc. Standard Oyster Co.............. Feb. 26, 1914 186 TE DSi ssentaNtae Standard: Oyster Co: .2. 2: .0.... os Feb. 26, 1914 226 4 FOO u i Sars tee Siandanrd OysteriCons. oss teow. ook Feb. 26, 1914 PA Qiaeshe yan or SON | itsrseeee Standard Oyster Co.............. Feb. 26, 1914 654 PAN VON he alee Standard Oyster Co;.2...3'3-....- Feb. 26, 1914 216 Bay tl iets Standard Oyster Cow. 6205.3... 2. Feb. 26, 1914 172 DALE Sie relia Na Standardi@yster'Co.. 55... Feb. 26, 1914 256 GUS 2 ee ec Standard Oyster Co.............. Feb. 26, 1914 | ote whee neo [on ne. wears Standard Oyster'Co..: 4.2. .5.... Feb. 26, 1914 53 De AOks ee eee Standard Oyster Co... . 02.5... 2. Feb. 26, 1914 AOS Ooms STOO ix ool en Standard. Oysteri\©on. 4.25.) ... 3403 Feb. 26, 1914 492 DRA Sil Betas ot Standard i@yster Coc. sac. csc © i Feb. 26, 1914 499 Digi Hayes oie act Standard Oyster Coz.9s25.-... <2. Feb. 26, 1914 74 PiGSu ena eee Standard @yster Wo. .5-5..55... o2 Feb. 26, 1914 APO aly os tee Niles fall eee ioe Standard Oyster Co.-/......)..... Feb. 26, 1914 AQ eee yal Ouse ea ee Standard Oyster Co.............. Feb. 26, 1914 856 1A Das ae Standard Oyster Co. ..25).555..5. Feb. 26, 1914 174 ASOOs seonsce Standard Oyster ©o.. 40.5 oe... -2 Feb. 26, 1914 147 SEAO EI Teese oe Standard Oyster Co........5-.... Feb. 26, 1914 492 PAC NSY HIME San Standard Oyster Co.............. Feb. 26, 1914 676 UW Aat the mca Se Standard Oyster Co......%-....... Feb. 26, 1914 | Section B 622508 ee Standard Oyster Co}. 35-5222. st Feb. 26, 1914 252 HiOOa 23 eek Standard Oyster Co.............. Feb. 26, 1914 479 Qe Oe reece Standard Oyster Co.............. Feb. 26, 1914 860 2rSOe eee Standard Oyster Coo. 5.20.0. ose: Feb. 26, 1914 238 Ge jSO lee epee Standard Oyster Co.............. Feb. 26, 1914 902 1253 | eee Standard Oyster Co. 52. Us oho! Feb. 26, 1914 903 PyOS ales Gees Standard Oyster Co.............. Feb. 26, 1914 904 TREC Yavin fn pumndard Oyster Cosa tae oe ee Feb. 26, 1914 905 OS weiss Ae: Wim. oH Bockwood. 320A ae. 6 2) Feb. 26, 1914 OZER che OM eran oe Wim: H. Eockwood::.¢ 5.05.05 5... %: Feb. 26, 1914 945 OE SY Ieee Wim Woeckwoodies. 8.6) 4.64.8 Feb. 26, 1914 920 AV SOM th ee Wim Hi WockwoOod: as... 5 Feb. 26, 1914 Johne Me Benner: teenie een oes Feb. 26, 1914 ChasuiVavevimessiys sy cen ease Feb. 26, 1914 Whase Ve bevinessts see ee Feb. 26, 1914 CAME Deckervg see ome Feb. 26, 1914 CYC Ee ME Wecker sn ees Feb. 26, 1914 CAC ci©MaDecker ew ee Feb. 26, 1914 CkC2G Cee Decker ee Feb. 26, 1914 Mucins ©. JOnes!.4 sa hone oe Feb. 27, 1914 New: Ackerly, & SoniCorns. 2. os: Feb. 27, 1914 N.S. Ackerly & Son Co.......... Feb. 27, 1914 ING Ore A Ckenlya cc mOn © Omens Feb. 27, 1914 N.S. Ackerly & Son Co. 4.7.0.5... Feb. 27, 1914 N.S. Ackerly & Son Co.......... Feb. 27, 1914 NGS: Ackerlycés Soni Coven 4.5.5) Feb. 27, 1914 N: S: Ackerly, & Son’ Coos... 22. Feb. 27, 1914 N.S. Ackerly & Son Co.......... Feb. 27, 1914 N. S: Ackerly & Son Co.......... Feb. 27, 1914 N.S. Ackerly & Son Co.......... Feb. 27, 1914 N.S. Ackerly & Son Co.......... Feb. 27, 1914 N.S. Ackerly & Son Co.......... Feb. 27, 1914 Ne StrAtckerlyidés Son’ Cosi. 4.2. Feb. 27, 1914 Bemy Wire ae ie Bae ee tk i: Feb. 27, 1914 J Bieron gan nYiew OF Wall ara euee ghee LR See Feb. 27, 1914 INES wwAtcheenlyice ae ing ete Feb. 27, 1914 NeRS pACkenlye iy cis 2 2 erm eae Feb. 27, 1914 She Roy,Ackerly..3). 5226. cee Feb. 27, 1914 S. LemRoy, Ackerly 7-25) 06 2. vee. Feb. 27, 1914 EE DaviseACkerly;.ahei ieee eee Feb. 27,1914 ReaD avisvAclcerly:. i scene nie Feb. 27, 1914 Jose MIENBeliord. a ee oN teat Feb. 27, 1914 JOSeVEs Belford.) 4c 2Feb. 27, 1914 Josssie Belford sayin a eee Feb. 27, 1914 Johnie Wanderveer .) > ean sera Feb. 27, 1914 VohnsViaiVianderviecr, | Woe. .ce eee Feb. 27, 1914 Several Section C Several 16 17 Several Several Several Several Several Tax $26 rt to t\) 00 a STWWITWOONNNWNWNWNNhL 23 Penalty eeeeee eveeee eooovee eee eee coe ees oe sees eee coe ese eee eee eee see eee eee e ee see eee eee eee eee eee eee eee eee eee eee eee eee eee ee eeee eee eee oe ee ee oes eee eee eae ees e ee eee tee eee eee eee eee wen ehiel is) 50 eoecreree eee eae eee eee Interest eee ee eane SEE Cte O reC coe ees eee eee ee cees eee eee ewe eoece see e eer e esses Ce ey eee eee eee eee eee ewe eee eee eee eee eee woe coe eee eae eee eee eee ee | ry cee ee eee e eee ee esee Ce ee er cee ee ee oe Ce ey Ce ey eee eee eae ere eee eee eee ee ee oe eee ew eeae ee Ce cr eee eee eee eee ee ee oe eee eee eae et Teoh Cl cace eee we eee oe oe. euie) ailel alien, eee ee cose eee ee ee we ee Y eee eee eee ee ee bye. nett e! (aite) wim Piece Ce NY eet ele) ©) (¢ (eteitiepresi br else sje el Viehe fees, a0 eee) se) s\m)e)ie © 0) es fe: (en en'e)cni ie a Y eee eee eae ese uresenleln) e)ieia aije), ai.4ejee] iepietial eiJe; jallelskingteye).e) zee ees eee ee ee ey Peer erect Ss © Keele) 2) elelia Pe ee ee ey Se ee ey ps wile) (elk Site erent, a er i OC Mn on Weer Se a ee er CeOEORC Te Say er Shon Ou (Otol si JoMo} re) mc en eiaits a er) er? CoNnNSERVATION COMMISSION 283 Taxes, PENALTY AND INTEREST COLLECTED — (Continued) NAME Jos. Kerrigan.. Christian Walle Christian Walle Christian Walle Christian Walle Christian Walle Christian Walle ee Pe Se Se niles) aise sele |p\vp) ©) (exes s.ee) le Ce La Forge & Thompson........... Wesley DPhompson............... Wesley Dhompson: ses 5287.7. «3 -/: Wesley Thompson............... Wesley Thompson............... David David David Johnson Johnson Johnson David Johnson INEGSYouBishine: (Clubiew = .eie sets so. i W. Elsworth Sprague............. W. Hisworth Sprague............. W. Elsworth Sprague............. Wofield & Mesereau.............. Wofield & Mesereau.............. Wofield & Mesereau.............. Wofield & Mesereau............. Wofield & Mesereau.............. Wofield & Mesereau.............. ‘heodore: JOHNSON. 4). 2. eis 5) es ae ‘wheodore Johnson);.. ..5-...-%.s Theodore: JOUNSON.:. . . acis.o es ss soe ‘Eheodore JOHNSON... 20... ses oc. Theodore JoHNsonm../.) 5 ses. sxsw Johnie DeWwerrell. sa. 435 .e0.. een Jonesi@ “Burbank... 6.2 ee ence VGNEShar BunTpaAnle.’ co dees cee a cee Jonescé: Burbanlke. ooo. ae oe fl eveh asia) isos e (eh 10s! e'(ete le je wi elet al) asa oL's) sel iol is ot w rie iuite eylsater CMEC i) Gascon eon Jie ee) vie @) @yel.e © ee 906, a6 ©, Uj sale Wm. J. Ji Bi : Mills Sure) © wie elie ale a (e/a .s,,5 se, (eine, int pia! elie /el.e le) \e;)e]ja 0, oe)" 0: ‘ere. «0 Loundes, Mills & Ockers.......... Loundes & Mills.......... sears moundesxé Mill sse) See ees ssa Moundess aca Miillsan eye: Sots nae Loundes, Mills & Thorne.....:... Loundes, Mills & Thorne......... Loundes, Mills & Thorne.........| Loundes, Mills & Thorne......... | Greenport Oyster Co............. F. Merrell CeCe CeUNG MORO mon LMICuT HOMO yar niet} s) eo! B¥ejAp).0) are fe 10) e\ she) (B) que shot m, “eiielielie: (e:]e. w>:s\ el \e) \e:e le TS) ORONO oe OCH an eC OE Cee OF REO (CM ORCROn OMC I aC 3] Olke]l s/s) m\iw ostiey alo (m4 ies (a) ep Date . 27,1914 . 27, 1914 - . 27,1914 . 27, 1914 . 27,1914 . 27,1914 . 27,1914 . 27, 1914 . 27,1914 . 27,1914 . 27,1914 . 27,1914 . 27, 1914 . 27, 1914 . 27,1914 . 27, 1914 . 28, 1914 . 28, 1914 . 28, 1914 . 28, 1914 . 28, 1914 . 28, 1914 . 28, 1914 . 28, 1914 . 28, 1914 . 28, 1914 . 28, 1914 . 28, 1914 . 28, 1914 . 28, 1914 a — ie) — a Lot ~ 858 Several 314 Several 4 321 Several Several 430 278 428 159 494 118 434 266 485 437 Tax $49 COM bo Noe met OO et rt OT OT RD OO Oe NNNRNNEr bo 45 Penalty eee eae eee eee eee eee Gh syyatenens eee eee eee eee elial-wie a) le eeeerae eee eee eee eee eee eae eet eee ej(ellesre ne)is, phos! stelte ehele\ aire stn ft PCO Cl @)e.e\ 0 1s 0 eee e ee e)e © Tell> °s see eee Oe erisie ye SOE CEOs er eens eee eee a ores le « Simla. = 19h. Sela te) aos are eee oe Felsriere pitel's ie: ele ae eens eee eee see eae Interest eee ee eens OL atie he! uViclrel ie iis eee ee ee we Ri {sie eye sts a) = eet wells) fe eh era Dal kar OCC Ha CeCe er Yen her) eet ee ee we ey Wijel a) [eee jen.@ te 20 « ee ets).9) © wifor stielats ie! = \~ CEC INC ya i ac mir ee ee ee One toate) eis) es. eee we wee Sis eye! \s!.e wi.s\'e eo) nie_eie) ait fel = miata Fei fejieihe_ bila COE cpa ON eliel a ie) (alle: et a> a OmCeD Cet aera fer) Ce ee 284 FourtH ANnnuAL REPORT OF THE Taxes, Penatty anp InTEREST CoLLEcTED — (Continued) NAME =: Date ; Lot Tax Penalty | Interest iAvelches Merely. (54 4 eee ae Mar. 4, 1914 674 SO AG as Ee Fr VA 7el Her Merrell eee hee ae Mar. 4, 1914 162 4°38) on Gee IN elGH a NLerT ell sen ee Ale Mar. 4, 1914 484 ohare: ens ese ao. AEM BVECRTe le ier oneal ey oe ere Mar. 4, 1914 743 LES ad Meee Nite tniPhs ee INCRE BG Key crayey Uae aes ot Siete erie Mar. 4, 1914 168 16500. ae ee (NzelWe aWiernelle assy eee en ee ae Mar. 4, 1914 170 o Mian 3' Ol ames [aS cr ave Gen Azelshee Verne lier se wae en aneem Mar. 4, 1914 863 4 LON 3s) ee a eee Avel-HiVierrellec seo Mame: anti naae Mar. 4, 1914 864 BBO ie eee Gee a ae cere Azelpe Merrell) tere pew ay snl he Mar. 4, 1914 877 L168 | is Celle INGA IB Ire Soom: o5 eG Shoe ..| Mar. 4, 1914 126 8.402) 0 SS ee eee iAzelubye Mierrelle cle Wake salsa Mar. 4, 1914 312 39 89 ll One cae a eee Azelne Merrell ion poy erie a eee Mar. 4, 1914 313 BL SOY 2 hea ad a ee ee Azelo He MVierrellye i os ane taints Mar. 4, 1914 974 PATA emirate alte sin se A oc ‘AZ ev e Mierrelinncc: csr sean Mar. 4, 1914 20 PSD |) eee Seal ee ae na Azelsbe Merrell hoe ee see en oe Mar. 4, 1914 19 TO} Slee eee Azel Ms Mierrellliyccnuh Liens s\ceere Mar. 4, 1914 3 95) 2 Seale eee ee AZelineSVierrellies eee rn Ciro Mar. 4, 1914 9 2) Bb) care a eae eco Avzely By. Wierrelli.) a2 Se. ol) Mare 4 Sonia 146 1 Ob) A ee ees Azel Be Merrell iyo) eek) hie | Mar. 4, 1914 200 1 80") fs cele AzeWwhy Nlerreller eee ee cree | Mar. 4, 1914 391 50s se a eee Azer Milernel lie ae yo sli i Mar. 4, 1914 392 AO 3} occ aeraieenl eee Azel shen lerrellyn inks, seer ease aes Mar. 4, 1914 535 1 OB 2) ck on Pee Aizel enevlernellicn wisi vomeencds mieey aes Mar. 4, 1914 488 1270) eel a ere Azelen Merrelly Sie Mar. 4, 1914 316 Ae Lae Merete ale aici ois ices Aizel ie svierrell odio Soin oe Niiee Mar. 4, 1914 982 VE 4b. oll eee eee AzelsnoVierre lls sienna ian Aelickes Mar. 4, 1914 1,017 1843 hr eee i eee AZel an eaVlernellcesay seetewenin Neen Mar. 4, 1914 993 22 73500 [sick Seoeae ae aa Merrell & Bayles). > 32205 2a. ee Mar. 4, 1914 3 MAO oc aeelen Ortey ete a eam Merrell & Bayles................ Mar. 4, 1914 5 475 No ne eee Merrell’ & Burbank=, ues 455404. Mar. 4, 1914 933 11 Oo) nee ee Merrell & Burbank............... Mar. 4, 1914 928 62252), re Roscoe Bishops. 3\0. 0.2 ae es Mar. 5, 1914 9 9 67 $1 QS alana RC Du Boisen oi. os see cs Mar. 6, 1914 71 A Wears Yes Memon rine, oo at to Alfred (Du; Boise.) chet n cio eee Mar. 6, 1914 72 133) cs 2S ae ee ae eee Adired DurBoises oceans Mar. 6, 1914 415 Sl Sees ee ee a Jc Bb VKe Simonsone nee nn Mar. 11, 1914 51 BO] sera ee dae Bee Kke Simsonsone yeni. e. Mar. 11, 1914 49 ABN ose Car ee ee Wane JON eNGe ee socn eet aes mere eee Mar. 12, 1914 70 2 68.) cee cal Sterline)@Oyster,Co-.2c0mn st Mar. 18, 1914 | Several 52 BO 0. ees eee ee eee Sterling Oyster Co......27........ Mar. 18, 1914 | Several BBW a: CS ne ey age AlmervDeckene. ciikwan eieeo quran Mar. 25, 1914 18 13 OS RE Rees ae Ammen tDecken wou vans ene cord Mar. 25, 1914 52 20 O4 Nee ae AlmersDecker ein. ea Mar. 25, 1914 724 80 1G: oh ees ae Almer/ Decker 3% 5 28 fi. cent as Mar. 25, 1914 725 95 TO share lees dec Ba KeISimonsoni scene ees Mar. 25, 1914 51 ae Pe In aie a o.oo ec Joc Deke Simonsoney eee Mar. 25, 1914 49 ya) Meaney ait Nonsense cc Geo. H. Valentine............... Mar. 26, 1914 981 2 85 SZ Aion Bell, Fordham & Bell............ Mar. 26, 1914 89 3 20 a Pr heen ee Bell, Fordham & Bell............ Mar. 26, 1914 89 3 20 4s TES eetoewees Bloy dvAbrams ieee hens ora ele Mar. 28, 1914 398 B80 i oy Peto ee eee Abram Martineau............... Mar. 30, 1914 8 BO ONES ai RS eee ea Abram Martineau............... Mar. 30, 1914 385 a OFS Meee hea Og a cary. 3 Abram Martineau............... Mar. 30, 1914 228 DDN ia UR alan ad aaa Abram Martineau............... Mar. 30, 1914 377 jon 010 Joel Rt Per Abram Martineau............... Mar. 30, 1914 506 PRY: Ed Meanie ea NI ESL NR Abram Martineau............... Mar. 30, 1914 230 pe ONG MENEAME cin Spas c Abram Martineau............... Mar. 30, 1914 865 Pair Ao hel Mae Paes hte bt alk 3 Weber & Degenhardt............ Mar. 31, 1914 317 5 50 L- 1OU ee eae Thomas L. Jobes...............- Mar. 31, 1914 579 SOP Ais Se ee eae Thomas L. Jobes.............200: Mar. 31, 1914 573 303) ick eal eee Thomas L: Jobes..........000806 Mar. 31, 1914 581 PAT Peat ee hen ole 22 Thomas L. Jobes...............- Mar. 31, 1914 548 88 2) sce Ral ee Thomas Vi) JoObes'.-.) ssc ecis cee Mar. 31, 1914 550 DBS Sh Sis. Sea ee ce em ‘Thomas Ga Jobes!).).. ate fae Mar. 31, 1914 840 40 te SB ee HO POU BOBO oi ee ee April 1, 1914 71 ER aes SD i cndleeteenepene John Marshall’ 3 Sa ees. April 1, 1914 649 95 19S) 0. ae eee Jonn Marshall iil se ae April 1, 1914 651 90 i sel Mere reo 8 ee John eMarshalli 2. icc Senile eee April 1, 1914 661 47 OO; eee JohnyMarshallie si. bac cones April 1, 1914 671 1 24 DY ean tate Na ee John Marshall................... April 1, 1914 744 1 00 20s) ice eae John Marshalle, v.02 lon. cree s Sore April 1, 1914 746 30 O6 i. aes John ‘Marshall 6.) oe ee ee April 1, 1914 750 70 143 See spe. Mesereau & Lewis...........25- April 3, 1914 669 63 VQZiti nce 506 * Tax (1912). +Tax (1913). ConsERVATION ComMISSION 285 Taxes, Penatty anp INTEREST CoLLECTED — (Continued) | NAME Date Lot Tax Penalty | Interest | eae iWesonneWeGrory2 55. conn sack | April 4, 1914 285 SOF SOoI is ote se [sepa 2 Sits Geo. Ee MOUs oct oi. oo s ke Fe | April13, 1914 403 1 Ong Beet eke eee a Geor Hes Mote 2. iat fees 2 ee Apri] 13, 1914 408 igre. Li ie aa [estar den Geos Hoviotts oc ce ek fers ee os | April 13, 1914 424 GO seis as era eeeiare metres Geo. i. VEO EE re tere castes htc oe April 13, 1914 430 BAG eon St es Sole ee GeareWwottecns- ese es he | April 13, 1914 507 cL PN fel pee eve are ace en Roa eins Cawense coo. Geek lk. | April 14, 1914 | Section D Btn) ike ee ee $0 05 MemIASEGS Soe sors ee hs, eee oe | April14, 1914 299 Es LG ere aed Oe eee MraISESEON otc fein eh oe tae wk | Avril14, 1914 300 rR 8 5 a ates lh a ene Wins NT Shem seMm S|. crag. fs oe. Se | April14, 1914 472 CAA Sil 4 Selene aces enemas, Padseit, Iris ao. ss oe} | April 14, 1914 999 | BOGOF Bese s sone ete tee oe Sete Ehomas: Hassetty Jiro. s.s.). 2 Fs: | April 14, 1914 1023 PONGO Sa nega eee tee cee epee F.C. & H. A. Glasier.. 2222.2... April 14, 1914 246 zise |B eect kee rere Aes GlasteT 2. sch 2 April 14, 1914 PAS | rofl US il Wa 10 Dish dhol CA ea See i eee Gee Ege April14, 1914 96 ANSOE eee crcen lien tned ns oe entry Orwerent 2a )ce a0 sce a April 14, 1914 310 ZEST AG gl tee aden | Dead ee ee Henry Borwesen.:. 2). 5.5. 2 oa: April 14, 1914 50 ARO e Sia Sate sent ee cons oc FIGNTY -BOrweesen ... . > etic. . ae= oo April 14, 1914 48 TADS) potheehciaaSat e Sia pee a ees BNO Wivdierthh <0 es vate ese ee April 14, 1914 266 IMGOP | Reece Sean Se 8 Ee rE = 6855 5002 ee April 14, 1914 212 38 7) create alee si EWE a Hore). .aa ne ott Set. April 14, 1914 143 25 Oag we hee Rea rae BEPC. 32 ne obo ee April 14, 1914 961 25 O55 ie see aes WER Dit MOTPE 3 8 a5 ha. a Sekt | April14, 1914 142 88 iy (es) Papeete ees Ee Wrew MastOree. ooo cm oss ade 6 | April14, 1914 123 85 TGS ieee Sepa ss ae Vis Woe MH OLRe es, oy & tes Baier hi | April 14, 1914 592 40 OSs ieee ncn: We Wie astiorve. ower wa A Apr 14 1OT4. 596 97 560 all Raines aaa te i DV NORE tree cer i the | April 14, 1914 594 37 OE ers NERV IAN ORPes = sci Sats. 4 April 14, 1914 872 20 4S esos Sea: R. W. & W. W. La Forge.. .... April 14, 1914 281 1 40 DR reas. @harles ii Pearsall: 225. ..0.-.% April 14, 1914 414 95 TOR ee eens tes Sharles i, Pearsallso.. .5 sei, oe. _ April14, 1914 421 3 90 (hoe) Se ee Re Mira. endadock..... 6). eZ April 15, 1914 239 1 50 SO lee ae oes cope rad yn. te: foe eee Apri! 16, 1914 249 GEE iss Se ee Soe Ja\ 18 (Ad GG eae ae eee April 16, 1914 108 A al Csi encase el Hin os tin s O Wepdetinacke 2 < xsahic se le oe os Aprii16, 1914 | en Lift eter otc [Paes PPAR Se FO ee an bens oe April 16, 1914 | 123 AB A cca ee se late ya ae ms sass Few Androvette. 2). 3. 2... ssi). Y, April 17, 1914 | 449 60 Dy peaaegety te 4 2 SOA CATISs PI Ge a eases ais slices April 17, 1914 | 435 75 1 [Lal ie Renin cet Sees Abrame; Jr oss. Ge April 17, 1914 | 384 65 Oy aaa SUDITER gy AES Sen ee oa ee April 17, 1914 | 326 7 60 b aes Aid Ine renee = ering Wi eayis oo 3k ss okt April 18, 1914 343 2 65 53 *69 cnn We Davis ee oe oko eS April 18, 1914 | 506 1 40 7 ol Ne peeps Peary Sri AWE avis: sets eee Ss. ok April 18, 1914 329 1 85 BY (as kane swes os ae = PREM EAP 5 ote) way les. 6s ee | April 18, 1914 252 2 60 52 {24 H. Schmeelk, No. 2............ April 18, 1914 11 90 1 Ao Re r H. Schmeelk, No. 2............ April 18, 1914 21 95 19 | ON fay. ae EE: Schmeelk, INGE ZEC meets Aprili8, 1914 632 20 Oe eR esis ace. PNOSGDIP SPragUe oc. oe. seis. 2. April 20, 1914 429 | 1 80 36 | rat eet. Theodore Sprague... 61.0 se... 25... April 20, 1914 396 | 35 Oda a es MvebbSpricie We sae he ee Ge | April 20, 1914 425 75 1 || ise eae Wiebbispraruess. tise. eee April 20, 1914 422 70 AE ies Sh shone Nays s Wichb Spraciie: O20 P50. 0: ea ke | April 20, 1914 426 75 i US) FE SRS ers ae premier Colley: ogc teh | April 20, 1914 255 Ie GOe lpr ere 15 SUBTLE Gis a aE ee eens age ae | April 20, 1914 234 ISSO ecms alee Sie toons Reepnem Golleng. 06% 08.00. 2e es. April 20, 1914 265 HO allerstrvten ae liens casei a ae BVMEIOEWertin. tee nS Eee April 23, 1914 ° 445 70 I Ue bay io Syl ara Wiser ea CASLCD ss coe gots eh _ April 23, 1914 584 90 1 yal Binne aeeam ee tae hares Weber ors oh 6 oes. ae | April 24, 1914 105 f225 g [ibes Lal bea ieee hse (irawles WVeber: = 8) Aen eos | April 24, 1914 10 15 OSe lS eoseeecs Sharlessweber or seo $5 eS sas |e _ April 24, 1914 14 40 OR ihe ers aes Eee ath s © 2c e se eS as SP AprIL OA: 1914 6 35 OTA ese ante Wyaant HMulimire! 6270 eo. ens | April 24, 1914 355 1 80 a) Fpl eo eatomcn oe Wynant Hufimire. “itl 2 See eee | April 24, 1914 495 75 to eee re WynantHirtinire! .. 68 2 226... 3. | April 24, 1914 562 1 40 DB lee hei atcrc eee H. W. Schmeelk Oyster Co....... April 24" 1914 624 DOE Urpin” la ceteaivarnee H. W. Schmeelk Oyster Co....... April 24, 1914 136 60s eee | vere reese Wansor é& Whaley, =. 345.42 2. | April 27, 1914 84 4 55 OOS eR. ae PUETERE IONICS (Ue eee one. hae | April 27, 1914 92 6 25 i tt: IR deed Ses rere Henry Van Name \ 09 sie e's) April 27, 1914 56 BG 0 Pale leeterescpeuctse. Mrs. Charles Zeigler............. | April27, 1914 4144 ey. 2 Ere Peer ciees sec Mrs. Charles Zeigler............. | April 27, 1914 416 ist ee -aasil b by cern es ee Mrs. Charles Zeigler............. April 27, 1914 422 7 (Saxe |S aN gl = Saale Phomassl Colons 20. So es 2S April 27, 1914 448 Dds sta hone [tose iG oichar es * Tax (1912). +Tax (1911). 286 Fourta Annuat REPORT OF THE Taxes, PENALTY anpD INTEREST COLLECTED — (Continued) NAME David W. Van Name..........-.. David W. Van Name............. Suwassett Oyster Co............. Suwassett Oyster Co............. Suwassett Oyster Co............. Suwassett Oyster Co............. James A. Cochrane.............. Charles(Gateson?.).. 2.65.02 006. A CUS olrel da goes ABenemie era eee We Cotte tovaisl Co tay Sesh salons New dale mene NN Eat 5 Willett bee aymor seria seine Wallett beekiaymone ie sea noone Wallett Eeghaymorere ceca se meece Willett Heo vaynOn pee nsnne Wallvamé Cooley. sae nee aes Grace dieeRy ders sar oe aoe aeios BenjaminwRy@eraate as ne tara ae Benjamin kiyGers a eee eens BenjamimeRyadersecde sere eee Daniel’ Greene seine es aaa Daniel Green ys 30s cee oe ones Sherman Decker................. Sherman, Deckertl) eee Sherman Decker................. Sherman Decker... .....E. 05... Shermanw Decker! Sone eee: Shermanw Deckers. cee. Sherman, Deckers ere . Schmeelk Oyster Co....... . Schmeelk Oyster Co....... . Schmeelk Oyster Co....... . Schmeelk Oyster Co....... . Schmeelk Oyster Co....... . Schmeelk Oyster Co....... . Schmeelk Oyster Co....... . Secnmeelk Oyster Co?.:..... . Schmeelk Oyster Co....... . Schmeelk Oyster Co....... . Schmeelk Oyster Co..... . Schmeelk Oyster Co....... . Schmeelk Oyster Co....... . Schmeelk Oyster Co....... . Schmeelk Oyster Co....... . Schmeelk Oyster Co....... . Schmeelk Oyster Co....... . Schmeelk Oyster Co....... . Schmeelk Oyster Co....... . Schmeelk Oyster Co....... . Schmeelk Oyster Co....... . Schmeelk Oyster Co....... . Schmeelk Oyster Co....... . Schmeelk Oyster Co....... . Schmeelk Oyster Co....... . Schmeelk Oyster Co....... . Schmeelk Oyster Co....... . Schmeelk Oyster Co....... Poy PoP bbb b-b--P-b-b-b- bbb bb bb E Ebb -e bee . Schmeelk Oyster Co....... | Date April 28, 1914 April 28, 1914 April 28, 1914 April 28, 1914 April 29, 1914 April 29, 1914 April 29, 1914 April 30, 1914 April 30, 1914 April 30, 1914 April 30, 1914 April 30, 1914 April 30, 1914 April 30, 1914 April 30, 1914 April 30, 1914 April 30, 1914 April 30, 1914 April 30, 1914 April 30, 1914 1,191 2, 1914 6, 1914 6, 1914 Lot Tax Re Pe WO NRE OW BNE HY Po HED NED HE Hee Penalty Interest ee er ey ee er er et eS ny (6 Wile) ee) islile Peni Yar er it Yar UC Pics OMDC OP ONL O > eS (at eae ale. Ce ee ry CC er) a a eee ee weer ee ee ewe we so ee eee ee meee GeO: o} ley; e,0sial sisi iaiia) CMCC Caer SiC) eo) fel wpe wi tene eee ee ee we er oe. 0) 5), Je) aye he! ee sla) a) s) eels. ee er ec ee a Y a ee ec ) re D Oe cul dicate eC | ee i eC Cy ey O Ct eet ud ay pilelie allel culstene Deo rib Oe ee ee ery ee ee ee TY see ee weve Ce eee ey POEM grec icy. ott) Ce er eC Ce see eee eee ee ee er ee eee eee eee ee ee ee ee eee ee ewer 8) el ie epee 8) een ee ee eee oe ee ee eee ee ee we ee a ee soe er eree ee eee ee oe see eer eeee eee eee eee eee eee ese eC ooe ese eee ConsERVATION CommiIssION 287 Taxes, Penatty anp I[nTEREST CoLLECTED — (Concluded) NAME Schmeelk Oyster Co....... Schmeelk Oyster Co....... Schmeelk Oyster Co....... Schmeelk Oyster Co....... Schmeelk Oyster Co....... Schmeelk Oyster Co....... Schmeelk Oyster Co....... Schmeelk Oyster Co....... Schmeelk Oyster Co....... Schmeelk Oyster Co...... Schmeelk Oyster Co...... Schmeelk Oyster Co...... Schmeelk Oyster Co...... Schmeelk Oyster Co....... Schmeelk Oyster Co....... Schmeelk Oyster Co....... Schmeelk Oyster Co....... . Schmeelk Oyster Co....... Schmeelk Oyster Co....... Mattituck Oyster (Cowssan es 8s ae Mattituck Oyster Co..:.......25. Mattituck Oyster Co............. Mattituek Oyster.Cois....2 4.5... Mattituck Oyster Co............. Mattituck Oyster Co..........5.% OStimetecte steeteretentieossi tes) uote yf roo or 444444444545 445 425 = ISP Viow OSE Therapies ote erene een areas POW OULNEAV aie cio esos ee eke: | Nise SICkmannk saris sais S aes eee MiEsEn Siemans me ss os : Samuel! EF. Smith wpa: Gots a4 ecm ej.e te\ece, apne “Hed Decca tea OeNrs) Rat Tate IR pete | inhomas Pearsall: eouelssd cea cee he mhomasRearsallanew ec oot Abironias Pearsalle cise siete keto. PRROMasHeeans alice sa seecis havc beens WHOMAS ME CATS A eee oic.s cease ate ccs James A. (Cochrane). 22sec bee: Geo wRhinehartesi seis Heeewe on ohmuWattakery ne ysemacieee oe ee Wins u@ampbell. mein ete oe Mirgry Ts cBehncle on tins, scccetecs bs sc Fenty WW benMCkKe i acids oe ees dito} nia y 1 B Leta oF zn aac} aa peta ge eae ey WOH Mee. VAbTamMSie ais eases ee eee ChristianuMoobsinns Law see as wes Ue branks Suathhiv eee lanieiets Glenwood Oyster Co............. Glenwood Oyster Co............. Glenwood Oyster Co............. Glenwood Oyster Co............. Glenwood Oyster Co............. RiudolphyWierrelligs nace cele sles: IEIIMVeT ee TICES eroe ede eee lMkoaeiyd Bia eee er nae RES eReaeinIn eee Emery Tice see etna clea eee ste Hlmrververneeta- sale eh ese Purity Blue Point Oyster Co...... Henry Vion; @wisterm.. 556.0 .. Henry Von Twistern............. INDE eNTermellen a: van ici ls stormy Asc ear ee IME Mierrelll tyres eke acres: * Tax (1911). +Tax (1912). Date | OOOO moO wo fot et et pat Rt PR oi OmOwoowo et Rt He Cy ¢ 5 © 00 00 0) 00 Ce HA A st Jo) — ne y 14, 1914 Tule 14, 1914 Sept. 3, 1914 Sept. 3 1914 eee eee ee eee Lot Several Several Several Several Several Several Tax Penalty cil a 1b eel lye rate SLO Ins beat GESOWie eens (SYS ail fers mera RZ DA ees eearae MORN ise a7: DO LO Tite rer te 1 SOS| Se ee SO oie eeetors ADE ioneeroniers SrOO Neer Pe ASO Gas aoe SUELO xe Pe GOM aces TOSI heir ere ANE a ake eertee EV GSE hier een 1 YP Uh lie eat OOM le ahrcion kas TO OO =| Shs, SOROOM Ee eee LOPOO is aes AOKI es ete etal: 1Te25 | aR Sn aae SNAG er eke 1 00 €0 20 1 63 32 1 87 S30 78 15 63 13 1 80 36 80 36 65 05 75 15 65 13 80 16 85 16 45 09 115 23 tal DY Mi oleae eat, 33 07 QAO eae s = 2B OR aie see Saacgisienets 46 1 10 22 1 55 31 Teac: 2G eee Gbyieahaee 95 19 35 07 GOO tae 25 05 GOROO Rees: OSES a ROO ee | eit: SO 28590]: yaa tk po tess! a) eins a PAC DO) Gt ee 75 15 38 07 20 04 35 07 60 00 12 00 30 - 06 60 12 1 30 26 1 20 24 Interest Cetaec) ncmcmrec) Ce vile \e| suelo = ae siieiliaial eel inline 6 Cun Puy Onc. oi teite™p) ie (ej1e ie%e ee ee ota) eos a\rel re ous DL adovelwit wae) lens rr ry ei lejis,/aleijese hele oy a) we) eh eleko ne ee a) a 6 s\,0 ho 80 CRO TOR DEO ON OTS Sue Cn OE ee elle lebih) is) eye \e De (oie 06) 60) ae eee ee we oe eer ee ans ee si e\vallesre| () eel 6 mi lepine ei chinite\0.7¢ @, Je: layeusteee- © eee ee wee CHORE Es CoC On ee ey 288 FourtH AnnuaL ReEport OF THE Lozster Licenses IssurD purine Fiscat YEar, OctToser 1, 1913, To SEPTEMBER 30, 1914 Date Jan. Feb. Mar. April May June July NAME ie De buddimetoneqeneeee rere Joseph Berry... eee oe ae Anton. Me Costay.. ior ete ne oe doar vam tame ees ai nae AW BuChapmania so ia eee Johnie Mather ieee eae John H. Chapman ER hiner EN. Frank Smith Mc eae et) Nene ae Se ManualGhernyacn nee oe ae Georze;Dentsont eee eee Ral pheCaClittords sss hae Manualilgewisi eee cee Travia than aaa ee apr niae pee ene AllensAchb yey as seen ae ae ae Manueljbinildrieks 2) sess ee Anton Ehuldricksae e.4 See oswelletamibmc. 3 aay neue pee eet Edgar C. Buddington............ Walliambiealmenrt a) eens earns Anton (Bawa a0 aces eae eee JOsephi SIstare) ie cere «2 ee wouis Bs Waterman is) 4455 24 soe Judsonen- herkinss ae Nee eee Dee WACO xe ial a pee nee AS EIN OYeS ca cinco ee: iH D: Woodmansee.5255...5.2 0. AOE Morgane sie Sse eae Lh ee SLersolauic cans is cee Mosephe Bawls es v.c.c eee ee Wee NL Orea my, oho: oe were eure OOWie Beebe (ss. ieee aes J) Pe bbetts ci! mies es ee JOA Dery DR ig\: Sameer eae Ob ca mere? Wm. F. Holliday...... Aare Poa ee Manuel Josephticus: a2 ee tees Volo Opens) a ee Sy jy. 5 aio cia Blas ie eo OSES SL aay 006 he it aaa Paes ee tea Tanke brace ashy apodeme Wannabe aalatt nia rik een es Min eae SPO VEMC Olesi eho wea eee nn aa IWiHREReWilleoxcse pi lis eee et ene GeoRS Naame ae Oe tees Sit eel Way NiwAslbyamioncst cee ames nega NanveleBermyi sce ee ede HUGENeHBOGUE Sooo tn eee hen Hrankubyabenryi- cicada aay ee wohneWab alle ne. Ses ee NAVs ca tal yo Kersy ae eee teeed wee tires igaas Say 353 3 Chas. Tears ea ee Mis 5 eee an 8 MN Chas. H: Mi ToOCHPascheow aacsei meer es ee ee Vohnvelemnye cen ein eaetn coe Herman Wiser! (i pe rsnier tc he) ome Wine Corbin. MEW, mee ne NE NE Ra van tin ce JOSE HESTvais ee eo eee aate eS Ralimenss eke wot uate unt James MacGregor.......-....«.. G. J, Christensen’... 52 22 2- Address Groton, Conn... 4)2-).< = Noank, C Groton) Conms; 3.4 cr ve Miystics@onnaen eer Mystic, Conn........... Stonington, Conn........ Stonington, Conn........ INoankaConnt ses eLe ere Stonington, Conn........ Stonington, Conn........ Noankt@onne ay aaneees Grotonm@onnh eee Noanks Conninaic eee Stonington, Conn........ INoanks Connie. sss New London, Conn...... GrocomConuns eee Noanks' Conn) (05. aoe Mystic; Conn. ..505 2005: INoanies Conn sa eiakeei Stonington, Conn........ Stonington, Conn........ NoankaC@onn 4.3 eee INoanks@onne.s see INoankss@onnin. ene eeeee Noankw@onmiiy 2 eosee se Miysine Comings sh uaooss 3 Stonington: Conn... .2... INioanlkw@ onny esse ae Mystic, Conn........... New London, Conn...... iINoankaConniioe ne. Stoningten, Conn........ INosanksiConnee. a eee Noanlsi@ oni) oulsieeee- Noanke:Conntny. eens NoanksConnee sa. ie INoankei@onn).) eee: New London, Conn...... Mistics Connie nny namie te New London, Conn...... Noanik~n@onnei ca eee Stonington, Conn........ Stonington, Conn........ Noank Connk sess wee Waterford, Conn........ Waterford, Conn........ West Mystic, Conn...... Stonington, Conn........ Stonington, Conn........ INoankS Conneeeeen: Stonington, Conn........ INoanks Conny ae New Britain, Conn...... New London, Conn...... INoank-xConniae..e eee Mystics Connie jose eens INoanke: Conner nee oie ConsERVATION CoMMISSION 289 Logster Licenses Issurp puRING Fiscan YEAR — Concluded | | | Daie | NAME | Address No. Amount | | | | tel ee earcy (SOCSeRi. st Fe. aaa eye Noank, Conn... 3. 5.022 72 $15 00 ae Gnaseelne aS teil pe oi ers chia Ph abaaiade en ess West Mystic, Conn...... 73 15 00 SHO has SCC WEG lactic coos eu ee ce Be New London, Conn...... 74 15 00 ADAGE UIs ah ARMM a oh EET SS SE ay Nate ae Sle ga aes pdr a aL Gar a eR | VM SS $1,345 00 Fisuine Licenses IssurD puRINe Fiscan YeEAr, Ocroser 1, 1913, To SEPTEMBER 30, 1914 Date | NAME Address No. Kind Amount Oct. 15 | Emanuel Perry.............. Stonington, Conn....| 51 | Food fish..... $5 00 emesis ssi leather eee. fe Sin 6 New London, Conn. .| i) Hood fish=.. <- 5 00 War. 9 | EdgarnvA. Main.......:..2... Noank, Conn....... 2 | Food fish..... 5 00 TOM ekiarls:HOsters .)= s5 oes ss = i Noank=-Connen a. Si} Mood fish. : os. 5 00 Poy eCharlests HS. oe. oe set | Groton, Conn....... 4 | Food fish..... 5 00 OST eC@has He NOYES: ose io cae: | Mystic, Conn....... | 5 | Food fish..... 5 00 PRU ebraniai Ween ..5 28 sls. t2 > Noank, Conn....... 6 | Food fish..... 5 00 April 6 | Manuel Lewis.............%- Stonington, Conn.... «| Hoodishy >... 5 00 1Gy| Geos We Waleox>..:: 9.64.25 - Mystic, Conn....... 8 | Food fish..... 5 00 Meu 12) | Amadee Woirter ..008o. 2. 3." Montauk, L.I...... | 9 | Food fish..... 5 00 fon Chasi#hewoyee. sg). 5 Yes Montauk, Li. 1... .. 10 | Food fish..... 5 00 HO PAVVTITRCCUP ILLS saris) actives coe 2 Montauk, dy ae 1S hood ish ce 5 00 Ms hast Perrys sen 5 sche wtekts cree Montauk, 105) Da ae 12 | Food fish..... 5 00 PO) | BenjaminiPitts: soe. te. ss oe Montauks ia Es sei 1 Food fish..... 5 00 Os Alberts Ae: Martell: .c2).2 0.55 5. Montauk shel: 3.5. 14 | Food fish..... 5 00 ia) John A. Mekerson). i 6 602 @lostersiNede cee 15 | Food fish..... 5 00 POM ase leise trees 22S cise = Greenport, L. ieee 16 | Food fish..... 5 00 POul Products. Mites Coots: 2s 2. oe New York city...... 17 | Menhaden.... 50 00 Dou Productse Mite: COn: os oc. oss: New York city...... 18 | Menhaden.... 50 00 Dyn Ae HS NOYES Seas se koi ct ke Siw Mystic, Conn... ==. | 10) Hood fish.3.'y.. 5 00 Junel13 | O. W. Hendrickson BOE Poet rote INoanks @onn. >>..5 =. 204) Hoods iish=...- 5 00 Se lize C lankstar go S6 wale tian Stonington, Conn.... 21 | Food fish..... 5 00 24 | Atlantic Phosphate & Oil Corp.| New York city...... | 22 | Menhaden.... 25 00 24 | Atlantic Phosphate & Oil Corp.| New York city...... 23 | Menhaden.... 50 00 24 | Atlantic Phosphate & Oil Corp.}| New York city...... 24 | Menhaden.... 50 00 24 | Atlantic Phosphate & Oil Corp.| New York city...... 25 | Menhaden.... 50 00 24 | Atlantic Phosphate & Oil Corp.) New York city...... 26 | Menhaden.... 50 00 24 | Atlantic Phosphate & Oil Corp.| New York city...... 27 | Menhaden.... 50 00 24 | Atlantic Phosphate & Oil Corp.| New York city...... 28 | Menhaden.... 50 00 24 | Atlantic Phosphate & Oil Corp.| New York city......| 29 | Menhaden.... 50 00 24 | Atlantic Phosphate & OilCorp.| New York city...... 30 | Menhaden.... 50 00 24 | Atlantic Phosphate & Oil Corp.| New York city....... 31 | Menhaden.... 50 00 24 | Atlantic Phosphate & Oil Corp.| New York city...... 32 | Menhaden.... 50 00 OM eal ets eee een tee ls heared sepa Greenport, L.I..... 33 | Food fish..... 5 00 29) EB oveland + .5...2...-. .| saybrook, Conn... 34 | Food fish..... 5 00 OOS te wAY Buckridgen. 2. kos se Hissex, Conn........ 35 | Food fish..... 5 00 POR inbred Ostman ser os Sst Stonington, Conn..... 36 | Food fish..... 5 00 29 | Sterling Fullerton........... Elsworth, Conn..... 37 | Food fish..... 5 00 80! 1 Chas aeudsent..o5..... 0.2. Montaul; di > 38 | Focd fish..... 5 00 Julyi 3) | eter Pelipasic. sc-25 2 6G sees Montauk; LG. 1... ... 39 | Food fish..... 5 00 “|e Gus»eeterson\.- see fee Hort) bonds Nees: 40 | Food fish..... 5 00 (a Swans banehi Coles. osc. o New York city...... 41 | Menhaden.... 50 00 (a eowan oo inch Conte. os 4. New York city...... _ 42 | Menhaden.... 50 00 “ I swan & Binchs@o. 3.2 ...75.. New York city...... | 43 | Menhaden.... 50 00 Sol James Witlersn aoe Glo) Sesh: Seabright, N. J...... | °44 (foed fish... _. 5 00 Hdinieivianuelu liye se eee Stonington, Conn.. .| 45 | Food fish... .. 5 00 i Sule donne eaness, tetera Perth Amboy, N. Te 46 | Food fish..... 5 00 SUSe 7 Sohne peanesis sevice ne ce Perth Amboy, N. J.. 47 | Menhaden.... 25 00 Gy | Woe Ke Silvas sare eee ca a: Mystie, Conn....:.. 48 | Food fish..... 5 00 ee toe.) Jonn Ostman, 20255. sos 6c: Stonington, Conn.... 49 | Food fish..... 5 00 Perea dt. ANG ASR bye ci fae ee oss Noank, Conn....... 50 | Food fish..... 5 00 SRGRE DL Gee tashonl yao aol Ne he (pe ie oleae ar a GP | Sake gine ae | $980 00 | | = 10 990 FourtH AnnuaL REPORT OF THE CERTIFIED COPIES OF LBASES, Name Russell S. Wolfe............. N.S. Ackerly. ..... SP Otel Ra he eniee On here icy een de ieee ane, UK Date June 4, 1914 June 18, 1914 Ocroser 1, 1913, ro SrPTEMBER Amount $30 00 3 00 $33 00 Recorpine Freres, Octoser 1, 1913, ro SrpTEMBER 30, 1914 Name S. Y. Bayles. . Bar Ras New York Oyster Co: New York Oyster Co..... Wim: JoMallsse2 New Work OvsterCo. ee Thomas Hassett, Jr............ New York Oyster Co... New York Oyster Coe David Johnson. Eugene D. McCarthy 2.0 Cee ee Eugene DiMic@arthy: 08). Cue. si: Ee We ee John © Allene er ay ths 25 sta nee oi Rae are een enna DE POTS OSC 2 Uh eae ee ee Geo. M. Still, Inc.. : Pausch Bros. Oyster | Co. E. H. Mackey.. S. Y. Bayles... Johne ME Benn ern ee oi eeues heen oe ae oe cae eee eee ee Clarence DeElart iar ee ee he neta ene New. York Oyster: oe... 34 75 nn ecbn ee eae iNew: Mork Oyster Co. “cee 2 tongs fee eee Frederick Denz....F...2.%.. Greenport Oyster Co..... New York Oyster Co. 30-0 6504. Geo. M. Still, Inc... GinccuCOMDEEIErED Gh be oe ee re tee New York: Oyster Con sony soe oe oe ee aE Edwin Ho Lewissn eee ae Geo. H. Valentine.... Bell Fordham & Bell’, 1. ec, ee a John ME Bennertiw rks: Lewis Bros. . : Chas. Schopp. BE he William Ruddock. . New: York Oyster Co... one Sa ae eel rn erage ne we ee Wynant Huffmire.. Rebecca Huffmire...... Pausch Bros. Oyster Co. Croel B. Price. . Eugene D. McCarthy. Geo. H. Lewis. . New York Oyster Co.. F. W. Lewis.. Wm. C. Porth.. Date Oct. 9, 1913 Oct. 21, 1913 Oct. 23, 1913 Oct. 24, 1913 Nov. 7, 1913 Nov. 7, 1913 Nov. 7, 1913 Nov. 22, 1913 Nov. 24, 1913 Dec. 1, 1913 Dec. 3, 1913 Dec. 9, 1913 Dec. 12, 1913 Dec. 12, 1913 Dec. 12, 1913 1 Dec, §5; 1913 Dec. 18, 1913 Dec. 19, 1913 Dec. 20, 1913 Dec. 27, 1913 Jan. 23, 1914 Jan. 24, 1914 Feb. 9, 1914 Feb. 13, 1914 Feb. 25, 1914 Feb. 26, 1914 Mar. 24, 1914 Mar. 24, 1914 Mar. 26, 1914 Mar. 26, 1914 Mar. 28, 1914 Mar. 28, 1914 Mar. 30, 1914 April 10, 1914 April 15, 1914 April 20, 1914 April 20, 1914 April 24, 1914 April 24, 1914 April 20, 1914 May 2, 1914 May 8, 1914 May 12, 1914 May 21, 1914 June 12, 1914 June 13, 1914 Amount DDK KBE ONE BK KEN HEH PNR NRE Eh Wee db SSSSSSRSSSRSSSSSSSRSSSSESSSSRSSSS CoNSERVATION CoMMISSION Recorpine Ferns — (Continued) Name PIZE WR NRCEPOU reer ete enero eo eR ge es Pa ea ee ae Edwin H. Lewis.. F. F. Downs. James A. Gochrane. Mills, Loundes, et al. Mills, Loundes, et al. Se¥: Bayles. . New York Oyster Co. ee Fred Ronik. E. Otis Hovey.. S. Y. Bayles. . Mills, Loundes, et al. S.-Ye ‘Bayles ee New York Oyster Co.. Neniuiic Oyster Wo se Pausch Bros, Oyster, Co 2. i ilarencesPekiant ote sce yk tes eae Seen ook CORE Crem MEN IATi tte 3 Muatihc.: hn a Rtg Ae ea ues Date Lease No. June 16, 1914 June 16, 1914 June 16, 1914 June 27, 1914 July July July July July Aug. Aug. Aug. Aug. Aug. Aug. Aug. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. 13, 1914 20, 1914 27, 1914 28, 1914 29, 1914 1, 1914 10, 1914 10, 1914 13, 1914 13, 1914 17, 1914 28 1914 4, 1914 8 1914 9, 1914 14, 1914 ICED Ge GOS at Oeil cer BRR eappiar met Ac Mitre abs aes aera Name ‘hamas Hassett, Jr... 052... WMeanstzeld & Sens: 2... 5...5/: Stevens Oyster Co.............. New, York Oyster Co... et.-.2-. Sealshipt Oyster System........ Peheodere WOpl! ese 2 se ok 24. PeGQdOrel WOPLE 5 Bese ey. Hanicratt Bros. Ine ie. xe S 2 Nicholas Klippel. soe SS. James A. Cochrane............ Henry ©.-RGWe:. «22s eu: . os New York Oyster Co........... Wan @ A POntine che ise oF oe slelenass PacetdOuster: Cos 8 oa. oe ee: Weegee th ONb Mes cie tin hae see et Hy. P. Bushnell... -. Alex. Frazer Co. Lewis Bros. . Andrew Radel Oyster Ca. Total... MiscELLANEOUS Date 11, 1913 23, 1914 24, 1914 24, 1914 5, 1914 10, 1914 17, 1914 Mar. 19, 1914 Mar. 24, 1914 April 18, 1914 April 18, 1914 April 22, 1914 April 22, 1914 April 23, 1914 April 22, 1914 May 13, 1914 June 17, 1914 Sept. 8, 1914 Sept. 23, 1914 Dec. Jan. Jan. Jan. Mar. Mar. Mar. Service Re-location survey.... hue prints 25 Fajen. Blueprint dS Blue prime: 2. Pee Blue printy ee Bhgesprintiq sacs lee Blite: printe veces cet Blueyprings2. 05. Blue sprimbice. = es <: : Blue print Bhievoring 2 s2 2.8 iBhie) print 44.0522. Se ae Blue print. . Re-location survey... Blue print eee Blue prints 20 se Soe Blue printe: 2 2G 24 $163 291 Amount S I OURS te SS8ss8 “Ibo Orci js me DO OOD Ss et ee be SSSSSSSSSS3S8S8E ic) He 109) |S 292 Fourth Aynuat Report or THE Leases EXECUTED AND NuMBER oF ACRES LEASED FROM OcTOBER 1, 1913, ro OcTossr 1, 1914 Lease No. Lot No. Location FI GSOnMUniViern ac tne Hudson river....... Hudson river....... Hudson river....... Raritan bay........ Long Island sound... Raritan bay. 2... ast Tver oe eee Raritan bay........ Raritan bayeyeee IRaATitam aye a ae Raritan bay........ Raritan bay........ Raritan bay........ Raritan bay........ Raritan bay........ Raritan bay........ Raritan bay........ Raritan bay........ Raritamybay... es Raritan bay........ Raritan bay........ Lower New York bay.... Long Island sound... Hudson river....... Raritan bay........ Raritan bay........ Hudson river....... Hudson river....... Hudson river....... Hudson river....... Acres shee 60. — Oo o . . . . . DP} PNONONKFKONNANWDENOODOCOWONANWEPOWNPON Name New York Oyster Co. New York Oyster Co. New York Oyster Co. New York Oyster Co. New York Oyster Co. Greenport Oyster Co. Thomas Hassett, Jr. New York Oyster Co. S. Y. Bayles. New York Oyster Co. New York Oyster Co. New York Oyster Co. New York Oyster Co. New York Oyster Co. Geo. M. Still, Inc. Clarence DeHart. Clarence DeHart. New York Oyster Co. New York Oyster Co. New York Oyster Co. New York Oyster Co. New York Oyster Co. Eugene D. McCarthy. Edwin H. i New York Oyster Co. Charles Schopp. Charles Schopp. New York Oyster Co. New York Oyster Cov New York Oyster Co. New York Oyster Co. Lewis. 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Sis) 6.18\ (a uosdui0y, J, YviIsor’ EZT ee (tO Oe es aosduioy,[, yeisor Sol COG rt Ce ya Oa a 1) see eee qosduroy, J, qeisor 16-0 » V “009 ee ee ee ee uosduroy,, qersor 8t6 Ce ‘soqueg "iM Od1094) e6-1 ‘009 se ewe uve) l/s (0 100-0) pile ie) slice) eiplere “UoTLV » sqqnyg e6-V "009 see ee - eee eee COC Se Wat en TC It ht Te nc et a) sqqnyg Alu9 FT 6 e\s8 6 8) 6: 6 Bu 8 © & ¢ 6 0 e\5, os, 8 8 Oe iD *sqqnyg AIUOFL C66 CC ee oe ewe twee IOZBI ST wy preyos G06 “en eee rit ef OO Ue ey TY U8 ie Oe co@) 1048AQ parepuryg £06 “ee ee eye ys) 0 «8 0) eeRGee > (enleme CoY@) 103840 pispueig £06 CID Ce SOG CRORE Ontr 0 or eee rove) 104840 pivpueyzsg Z06 © eb ee 6) 0) 6 © 6) \6 16) (8) 16).6) 6) 0) 14) 10) 8 roY@) 104840 pispueysg $26 Sremelslshwosl sie si ean sue anes u104sAg 10}8AQ qd1ysyeeg 216 Ce ee oe eae “u1e}sAG 104849 ydiys[eeg [e19Aeg ee ee wwe u1948AG 1098fQO 4d1gs[eag [B10A0G Cee ee oe ule4ysAG 1048AQ ydiys[eeg 889 O Cen OFCe Once O} oO eee eee u1e4sAG 104840 ydiqs[eog 996 21) 0) eo werte) eis) Se sens eee u19048AQ 1098AQ ydrys[veg 626 CA sk er tt et tt SI eK a at ure4ysAG 103840 qdrqs[2eg 300 Fourta Annuat Report OF THE SCHEDULE “B” ke a is Surrendered NAME Lot Location Acres to cily of ge : New York es John HL Abrams....cc0.0. sees 294 Jamaica bay.... 3.8 | Oct. 1, 1912.. $0 95 Jom vAlbramsin ieee rane 295 Jamaica bay.... Tazo rip Oyen 105 gies. 35 Was VERS CA Dra Ms ioe so eta elas: 280 Jamaica bay.... 4 Oct. 1 toh2eee 35 Wim tH Abrams sian .oee sees 244 Jamaica bay.... LAO Chale Orhan 35 Wim HerAlbramsis nie cakes 240 Jamaica bay... 4 | 'Octhiletgil2i. 10 Gustave A. Albright........... 399 Jamaica bay.... La Octal el Giiaiee 35 Gustave A. Albright........... 395 Jamaica bay.... 2.0 | Oct. 1, 19125. 50 Hmma W. Abrams............. 268 Jamaica bay.... 2.0 | Oct. 1, 1912... 50 Emma W. Abrams............ i 267 Jamaica bay.... PAPE N (OYE te UOTE, 8. 55 Mayor GE Albramsn. «eects eek 628 Jamaica bay... -6 1 Oct. 1, 1912.." 15 SD SAbram sui weeny eee 435 Jamaica bay.. BLO Oct. 1912 e 75 Sab seAlbram soared eee 384 Jamaica bay. . 2.6 | Oct. 1, 1912... 65 Rloyd Abrams... 205 so00 oe caeos 398 Jamaica bay.... 1227 eOcts te kOe 30 Amberman & Bedell........... 505 Jamaica bay.... 6.2 | Oct. 1, 1912 1 55 Fy AD rams i is ais ynere eae as ile 29 Jamaica bay.... 2.6 | Oct. 1, 1912 65 Bs vAlbramoain ny 2s arene Seger 28 Jamaica bay.... 2.6 | Oct. 1, 1912 65 Henry Borwegan....4..:.....- 310 Jamaica bay... 17.0 | Oct. 1, 1912 4 25 Henry Borwegan.............. 50 Jamaica bay.... 1.6 | Oct. 1, 1912 40 Henry -Borwegane. alec eneee. 48 Jamaica bay.... 2.8 | Oct. 1, 1912 70 James A. Bailey............... 603 Jamaica bay.... 33.2 | Oct. 1, 1912 8 30 C. Josephine Biggs............. 149 Jamaica bay.... 1.6 | Oct. 1, 1912 40 C. Josephine Biggs............. 144 Jamaica bay.... 3.0 | Oct. 1, 1916 75 C. Josephine Biggs............. 524 Jamaica bay.... 4.0 | Oct. 1, 1912. 00 C. Josephine Biggs............. 150 Jamaica bay.... 7.2 | Oct. 1, 1912. 1 80 C. Josephine Biggs............. 151 Jamaica bay.... .6 | Oct. 1, 1912. 15 Richard Biges) Spee) vases. 627 Jamaica bay... 3.2 | Oct. 1, 1912. 80 John sD Bush sg. Wea e ee 95 Jamaica bay.... 1.2 | Oct. 1, 1912.. 30 HOW: Behnekers i... 2.) Pee 31 Jamaica bay.... 2.6 | Oct. 1, 1912.. 65 Mary W. Behncke............. 167 Jamaica bay.... 5.8 | Oct. 1, 1912.. 1 45 William C. Baldwin............ 199 Jamaica bay.... 5.4 | Oct. 1, 1912.. 1 35 TAGE Bedell ssi oa ia 455 Jamaica bay.... 5.4 | Oct. 1, 1912.. 1 35 Nathaniel Carman............. 492 Jamaica bay... 5.8 | Oct. 1, 1912.. 1 45 Nathaniel Carman............. 116 Jamaica bay.. .6 | Oct. 1, 1912.. 15 Nathaniel Carman............. 115 Jamaica bay.... 2.4 | Oct. 1, 1912 60 Wine. Campbellly reds isa 510 Jamaica bay.... 6.2 | Oct. 1, 1912 1 55 THOR Carlsort la: seen) eon cowaeroe 605 Jamaica bay.... 8.8 | Oct. 1, 1912 2 20 Geo. A. Carman... .0.5 3. os 118 Jamaica bay.... 3.4 | Oct. 1, 1912 85 GeomAeCanrmane yy a ute eee 218 Jamaica bay.... 4.2 | Oct. 1, 1912 1 05 Warren Cornellicmn wee 453 Jamaica bay.... 8.6 | Oct. 1, 1912 2 15 Warren, Cornellaiyacu ae 449 Jamaica bay.... 2.0 | Oct. 1, 1912 50 Wiarren:@ornellin ian ee ae 372 Jamaica bay.... 5.0 | Oct. 1, 1912 1 25 Henny, Connell ee ee 409 Jamaica bay.... 4.4 | Oct. 1, 1912 1 10 HiramsCadmus secede one 461 Jamaica bay.... 5.4 | Oct. 1, 1912 iL B35) Corelli; GiPalmerwe es eee 369 Jamaica bay.... 12.0 | Oct. 1, 1912 3 00 Charles:@hurchill ee ee 181 Jamaica bay.... 5.8 | Oct. 1, 1912 1 45 Wine sPickenseam. ces Gene 250 Jamaica bay.... 2.8 | Oct. 1, 1912 70 GeorzeyDickens#am eae eee 43 Jamaica bay.... 3.2 | Oct. 1, 1912 80 Henry. Wi Dawiss 0.2 ee 343 Jamaica bay.... 10.6 | Oct. 1, 1912 2 65 Henny Wi Davisien sent seston 506 Jamaica bay.... 5.6 | Oct. 1, 1912 1 40 Fenny, Wie Dawdsis 2s oon 329 Jamaica bay.... 7.4 | Oct. 1, 1912 1 85 Elizabeth Denice.............. 258 Jamaica bay.... 5.4 | Oct. 1, 1912 1 35 Elizabeth Denice.............. 259 Jamaica bay.... 3.6 | Oct. 1, 1912 90 Wm. Henry Dickens........... 61 Jamaica bay.... 7.8 | Oct. 1, 1912 1 95 Wm. Henry Dickens........... 213 Jamaica bay.... 5.0 | Oct. 1, 1912 1 25 GeoWwe Doughtye ne oles 386 Jamaica bay.... 1.8 | Oct. 1, 1912 45 Geo. W. Doughty.............. 415 Jamaica bay.... 4.4 | Oct. 1, 1912 1 10 Geo. W. Doughty.............. 443 Jamaica bay.... 4.8 | Oct. 1, 1912 1 20 Geo. We Doughtyio.0 se cen le 383 Jamaica bay.... 5.0 | Oct. 1, 1912 125 Geo. W. Doughty.............. 377 Jamaica bay.... 2.0 | Oct. 1, 1912 50 Chass HeDenton) stpmcna vee 153 Jamaica bay.... 2.2 1 Oct. 1, 1912 55 Chas-2h Denton.) sos)... o oe 152 Jamaica bay.... 3.2 | Oct. 1, 1912 80 Win B-sDooley sen atin ataie ree 457 Jamaica bay.... 2.0 | Oct. 1, 1912 50 Wm. B Dooley, ae 463 Jamaica bay.... 4.0 } Oct. 1, 1912 1 00 Hdward Dooley... .. 10. senee 459 Jamaica bay.... 6.6 | Oct. 1, 1912 1 65 Jacob Frederick..............: 566 Jamaica bay.... 22.2 | Oct. 1, 1912 5 55 NAGAR SH. | oy ic (aes a ene eS ut 179 Jamaica bay. . 4.4 | Oct. 1, 1912 1 10 Johmebrederiok (0.2 )e005. cee 458 Jamaica bay.... 7.6 | Oct. 1, 1912 1 90 Glenwood Oyster Co........... 609 Jamaica bay.... 12.6 | Oct. 1, 1912 33 115) CharlesiGatesons. 2 si ae ene 597 Jamaica bay.... 13.6 | Oct. 1, 1912 3 40 Joseph B. Geffken............. 4 Jamaica bay.... eA Octadle 192, 35 Joseph B. Geffken............. 5 Jamaica bay.... 1.5 } Oct. 1, 1912 38 Albert ‘Gefiken’s . 0 arses see 557 Jamaica bay... .8 | Oct. 1, 1912 20 AlbertiGetikent . --. ce enero 2 Jamaica bay.... 1.0 | Oct. 1, 1912... 25 Haviland & @dell.............. 368 Jamaica bay.... 4.6 | Oct. 1, 1912... 1.15 CoNnSERVATION CoMMISSION 301 Scuepute “ B” — (Continued) Surrendered NAME Lot . Location Acres to city of gee New York ax Havalandi& Odell; s. 2.2.5.5. Be: 465 Jamaica bay.... San Octels 19t2e» $0 90 PO AO ACK ass fa lences ae sve oie 108 Jamaica bay.... AC 2 Oetidke LOta. 1 05 Aber PETAR ACK EA ats). So Saye ars)s sie ne 7 Jamaica bay.... 2A? ea Oots 1 Ole 55 PAPE TAR CK eee eye o/sva' soli s Gia euee, =) © 12% | Jamaica bay.... eS eOcts 11 Otg ie 45 POHREH ANSON Sto aces skeiels sie ela arlu- 3 Jamaica bay.... 2S Oct Glow 70 PERE ANSON sess ie shed suche He ee 69 Jamaica bay.... 20525) (Octal 1Ot2=) 5 05 POHNTIANSON seis azciee bsislelee.s = 71 Jamaica bay.... 228." Oct. 119122. 70 BV Otis HO Vey nos ic dacs sacle a telhel 600 Jamaica bay.... 4258 | Oct: 1, 19125! 10 70 BY Ors Hoveyiscs osock.s 5 cise He 587 Jamaica bay.... 11.0 | Oct. 1, 1912... 213 IBA OGISNEOVEY.: Gs, s jo buews 84 ciclctai os 617 Jamaica bay.... 5.6 | Oct. 1, 1912..: 1 40 OLS OVE: aia ccker vat cio eraioree 198 Jamaica bay.... ALG fh Oct 1912 10 40 By OCIS VET OVEY ico ool ticles ohe.sys se = 227 Jamaica bay.... HOLT Oct ts Orga 75 BAOtis HOyey.2nd fs bees os soe 301 Jamaica bay.... 14.8 | Oct. 1, 1912... 3 70 SOCIS JEOVCY cae 5 tocnciers aleve Bie. 618 Jamaica bay.... Li 0%: Oetol, ASI 2 4 25 @hristianvhloobs.s. 6) oe2 3. kin es - 619 Jamaica bay.... S10) Oct ds tO tae 90 Daniel Be sHufimire. ...52 {222 22: 264 Jamaica bay... Gn Oct 1 AG122 40 129 BE BY ricer e's Or ee a 262 Jamaica bay... Pan Octal, 1912e.- 3 10 J ep Hutiminesr + ater dee as 3 : 265 Jamaica bay... 4; | Oct. 1, 19125.) 35 (UD EAE Rilidrisiee Soe ee e e 263 Jamaica bay.... S240 Ochs 1 1O12 es. 1 35 Wynant ED utimine Oct. 1, 1912... 1 80 Georges Soper a. es Gee 614 Jamaica bay... 12.4 | Oct.-1, 1912... 3 10 Georse a Sopele asses eee 420 Jamaica bay.... 6.4 | Oct. 1, 1912... 1 60 Georse 4 Sopers sso os ee 611 Jamaica bay... 4.8 | Oct. 1, 1912 1 20 George T. Soper........... sie 437 Jamaica bay... 5.8 | Oct. 1, 1912 1 45 Softeldl Goulinazerene reese ee oe 154 Jamaica bay... 1.6 | Oct. 1, 1912 40 Soneldegahrazerssee eee eee 156 Jamaica bay... .8 | Oct. 1, 1912 20 Softeld) & Mrazerija. ee oS 169 Jamaica bay.... 3.2 | Oct. 1, 1912 80 Sofieldbthrazerner ee 168 Jamaica bay.... 3.2 | Oct. 1, 1912 80 Sprague & Doughty............ 444 Jamaica bay.... 1.7 | Oct. 1, 1912 43 Sprague & Doughty............ 381 Jamaica bay.... 3.4 | Oct. 1, 1912 85 Sprague & Doughty............ 447 Jamaica bay.... 3.2 | Oct. 1; 1912 80 Sprague & Doughty............ 382 Jamaica bay.... 2.4 | Oct. 1, 1912 60 Sprague & Doughty............ 387 Jamaica bay... 13.8 | Oct. 1, 1912 3 45 Sprague & Doughty............ 418 Jamaica bay.... 3.0 | Oct. 1, 1912 75 Sprague & Doughty............ 442 Jamaica bay.... 5.2 | Oct. 1, 1912 1 30 Sprague & Doughty............ 380 Jamaica bay.... -8 | Oct. 1, 1912 20 Sprague & Doughty... ...... 379 Jamaica bay.... z.8 | Oct. 1, 1912 45 Smiths praetteruq eee ea 394. Jamaica bay.... 1.8 | Oct. 1, 1912 45 Smith Opracve sa secret es 390 Jamaica bay.... 4.0 | Oct. 1, 1912 1 00 SmithiSpragues\s. 0 seca 570 Jamaica bay.... 5.0 | Oct. 1, 1912 1 25 Smith) Spraciierwiae see aoe 417 Jamaica bay.... 1.6 | Oct. 1, 1912 40 Smith Sprasues 45 con eee 416 Jamaica bay.... PAPA | OXGe le NOB 55 Smithjopraguers vest eae ee 393 Jamaica bay.. 126) |POctel sone 40 Shootin Sjoe OS og bo Pole dic ot 438 Jamaica bay.... 3.0 | Oct. 1, 1912. 75 Smith Sprague.) 2.00.40 388 Jamaica bay.... 3.6 | Oct. 1, 1912 90 Herman M. Schmeelk.......... 411 Jamaica bay.... 29.8 | Oct. 1, 1912 7 45 Herman M. Schmeelk.......... 412 Jamaica bay.... 13.8 | Oct. 1, 1912 3 45 Herman M. Schmeelk.......... 468 Jamaica bay.... 5.4 | Oct. 1, 1912 i Bs) Herman M. Schmeelk.......... 509 Jamaica bay.... 80.8 | Oct. 1, 1912 20 20 Herman M. Schmeelk.......... 541 Jamaica bay.... 26.8 | Oct. 1, 1912 6 70 W. Elsworth Sprague........... 405 Jamaica bay.... 9.2 | Oct. 1, 1912 2 30 W. Elsworth Sprague........... 406 Jamaica bay.... C2 Oct alone i 80 W. Elsworth Sprague........... 470 Jamaica bay.... 33.2 | Oct. 1, 1912 8 30 WeoR So schencke eye er man: 501 Jamaica bay.... 25.8 | Oct. 1, 1912 6 45 IMECHE Nn Sickman i eine ere te 599 Jamaica bay... 7.2 | Oct. 1, 1912 1 80 William M. Schmeelk.......... 15 Jamaica bay.... 3.2 | Oct. 1, 1912 80 William M. Schmeelk.......... 316 Jamaica bay.... 8.8 | Oct. 1, 1912 2 20 iE Schlatenberg.- 445.4402. ae 238 Jamaica bay... 4.0 | Oct. 1, 1912 1 00 William -:T. Schmeelk........... 98 Jamaica bay.... 9.2 | Oct. 1, 1912 2 30 George A. Schmeelk............ 210 Jamaica bay.... 10.8 | Oct. 1, 1912 ATC George A. Schmeelk............| 281 Jamaica bay.... 2.2 | Oct. 1, 1912 55 George A. Schmeelk............ 103 Jamaica bay.... 2.2 | Oct. 1, 1912 55 William F. Schmeelk........... 30 Jamaica bay. . 2.4 | Oct. 1, 1912 60 William H. Sellars............. 596 Jamaica bay.... 7.2 | Oct. 1, 1912 1 80 Erastus W. Seaman............ 178 Jamaica bay.... 3.6 | Oct. 1, 1912 90 J.H. & J. H. (Jr.) Vreeland..... 521 Jamaica bay.... 5.0 | Oct. 1, 1912 ho2s J. H. & J. H. (Jr.) Vreeland..... 607 Jamaica bay.... -10.0 | Oct. 1, 1912 2 50 J.H. & J. H. (Jr.) Vreeland..... 185 Jamaica bay.... 12.0 | Oct. 1, 1912 3 00 J.H. & J. H. (Jr.) Vreeland..... 633 Jamaica bay... 5.8 | Oct. 1, 1912 5 Peter William Von Ahnen....... 500 Jamaica bay.... 2.4 | Oct. 1, 1912 60 Peter William Von Ahnen....... 204 Jamaica bay.... 1 OF FOcta ts 1912 25 Peter William Von Ahnen...... 7 32 Jamaica bay. . 10.6 | Oct. 1, 1912 2 65 Peter William Von Ahnen....... 205 Jamaica bay.... 8.2 | Oct. 1, 1912 2 05 Peter William Von Ahnen....... 41 Jamaica bay... 6.4 | Oct. 1, 1912 1 60 Peter William Von Ahnen....... 304 Jamaica bay... 11.4 | Oct. 1, 1912 2 85 Richard Van Houten...-....... 525 Jamaica bay... 14.8 | Oct. 1, 1912 3 70 Henry Von Twistern........... 555 Jamaica bay.... 12) | Oct LAl9Or2 30 Henry Von Twistern........... 12 Jamaica bay.... 2.4 | Oct: 1, 1912 60 Cr Paivreel and yan sy shea boieuntenis 608 Jamaica bay.... 4.2 | Oct. 1, 1912 105 AnnieiVon-Aihnen:.. 2) 5.55 5.)05 40 Jamaica bay.... 4.8 | Oct. 1, 1912 1 20 Wielka Walsonies mys cet s anr ini 518 Jamaica bay.... 12.8 | Oct. 1, 1912 3 20 WR AAWalsomiss ca Seca clon aero ls 520 Jamaica bay... 36.0 | Oct. 1, 1912 9 00 Henry Warren...) seve cir.) ea oretae 544 Jamaica bay... 9.4 | Oct. 1, 1912 23D Ee ee @ Wienke hes ie cere 567 Jamaica bay.... 9.6 | Oct. 1, 1912 2 40 ES MG MWien ke had istien Ve ibe cat 568 Jamaica bay.... 10.0 | Oct. 1, 1912... 2 50 ee AC iWienlos 5 eral me cicesene 569 Jamaica bay.... San eOcte le tOtZ 80 Hdwardswiebera): iis sn 183 Jamaica bay... 3.2 | Oct. 1, 1912 80 CONSERVATION CoMMISSION 305 ScHEDULE “ B ” — (Continued) | : | Surrendered NAME Lot Location _ Acres | to city of panoUne | New York ax Bidwardewiebercst-6 coe cone. 44 Jamaica bay... .| 2.0 | Oct. 1, 1912 $0 50 Bid WartGAW eben. 8 ce. ahsi a= 10 | Jamaica bay... .| 4.4 | Oct. 1, 1912 1 10 Bidwardt Weber: ..sic:.adee aes 47 Jamaica bay....| 5.8 | Oct. 1, 1912 1 45 Wie AG Wivnantas aac fo Sarees 266 Jamaica bay... .| 6.4 | Oct. 1, 1912 1 60 WicthoraWihitestscs tense ce Get 162 Jamaica bay.... 4.4 | Oct. 1, 1912 1 10 TohnewWittakens ss See eee. 231 Jamaica bay.... 4.4 | Oct. 1, 1912 11K) Rabbis feces. Bye, he recbade cree 460 Jamaica bay... 5.2 | Oct. 1, 1912 1 30 Bhzabethawattsa. 2%. coe. oe ok 456 Jamaica bay... 6.8 | Oct. 1, 1912 ot, RWVPM Ee VVIERULS oer Sictd coats Ge 445 Jamaica bay.... 2.8 | Oct. 1, 1912 70 Wofield & Mesereau........... 100 Jamaica bay.... 220. |) Octa 12-1912 50 Wofield & Mesereau........... 582 Jamaica bay.... 3.6 | Oct. 1, 1912 90 Wofield & Mesereau........... 101 | Jamaica bay.... 2.8 | Oct. 1, 1912 70 Wofield & Mesereau........... 195 Jamaica bay.... 2.0 | Oct. 1, 1912 50 Wofield & Mesereau........... 285 Jamaica bay.... 2.8 | Oct. 1, 1912 70 Wofield & Mesereau........... 102 Jamaica bay.... 154, | Oct? E1912. 35 Motalhree anes ek eens arate are eee aca eee he D290). Orlin siaravereraciess wees) 9074 16 ——s FourtH ANNUAL REPORT OF THE 306 OF S88l‘F “qq SO T S681 ‘FL “Wen G9 S681 ‘FL 480 G¢ O68T ‘TT “LeIT 08 9 8881 ‘4 [Wdy CT 888 ‘2 “AON €1 ¢ 6881 ‘6 Aime 09 O68T ‘TT “1BIA Lg O68I ‘IT “G94 £9 & 6881 ‘FI ABIL OL O68T ‘TT “IeW 09 O68I ‘TI “ZBI 09 6881 ‘FL AVI c9 O6S8T ‘TT “28T c9 1681 ‘FL Arne Go Zz T68T ‘FL Ane 86 2 O68I ‘FI “PO gg O68T ‘TL “F94 00 T O68I ‘FI “uve 10 Z O68I ‘FI “wer 06 6881 ‘Sf ‘sny GL 6681 ‘6 Aine OF SF S881 ‘2 “AON 00 FI 8881 ‘2 “AON 0S ZF I68T ‘ST “ITAL OL IT T68T ‘OL ‘994 00 SI 6881 ‘sl “wer GO &F 88st ‘9 Ane GI I O68T ‘TL “94 Go G 888T ‘2 “AON 00 OT S88I ‘TI 99d 00 OT I681 ‘22 ‘wee OS 2 I68TI ‘SL “LBI og 2 S881 ‘IL 29d CCC Cae S881 ‘F “ydeg GO F OO6T ‘8T [udy 0€ Lz OO6I ‘2% “IBTN CEG OO6L ‘22 “IBINL 08 ZI¢ OO6T ‘22 “I8IN XBY pojyuvis [enuuy OSTQOUBL A op) Sr eile Re EN e N a ° Or Be O HOD 1D OS aor ANDOOSCSOSONSDOOSGOOMDOAAN OO HH OID OD HIDOANNONS = oy ie) i=) alive) S010 V PRA te Day oe Agr ee ee eC A TEE Ny, GSS | 5a Mio Sega thateey Gant cece chombed efracbs seers keq UBpLIey 6&8 Peco SC et Oop SUCRE ND Oe a... “Aeq UBIIICYT IZ8 Ben crc Ue OVO pea Accedzn cMeR men Gen peur keq UB} E83 Ree Ssehray Pe dati ge nares TM STIS e eae Re ge PR keq UBB 82 [A258 Usted OF te teGocery Choemeco wh Gon reg oo Aeq UBILIVIT ts Otrio e nt Shar OR Oo DOs Om. Oh aco aan U att eoeeD . Aeq UBILWEY 66 fee Ce 30> OF es OF OOOO Spit 23 ty Open ie ae0)G Aeq UBVYLIVY 88F | Bas Gani AROSE Ga ece REET TE Dcon Oeteas Aeq UepLIEy EGG | Hare Tao uO BARONOet ccte Shieh Saedenworry as) Oar: Aeq UBIEY FIL [BES Gar BOLO Sg Io deo oe Ge Ceo ea aed keq UB}LIVY SPV Gan 6 oO PA a ere Ke CELE 6PP Ipsec tae os eae ne eget oe: ‘Keq UBzIey SLI Geperoem -Catks0s0n QneOvO°n (Geto So Usreb, Ded. -gmo Aeq UCVPLIVY OLS Screce chara soatnabho (Dene Ue Or Oe enone ae “ABQ UBTLICY 208 ; a snah Gee eraet. cb so Gun pao nT ods £eq uvqIey 682 Pair i ems eam teapreianh ek Mise ceineeat ents eq UB}LICY OFZ RF Det OLONer a Wes poo eee HG O G20 ev Ow. D eq UvyIey g39¢ FPS a Sa RE ea aes keg UB} Lge [Pee a eieine 2 et tehel ele Gee etl ces eq UVPLIVY 6ee | ceed We DhOsaLOwepOeN-Ptal UO Ban oc Lo Ade Aeq UvILIVY SFI PRE eo ae eee eh ta Hite keq UvzIE IY 262 OOO Ter Cols OME ore OaC MO EKO punos puvysy su0'Ty LI ODD ait Dosa 0p Get ee Ono O punos purysy su0T OL wa iu nate ialpiatrer wine kinth al (oie! Pamic\alon este ltd punos pues] suo] [e19Ae9 Sua he dienes Gaoenessae oko oR naerEnG keq UMO}YIWG Q worZ000 6 8d Nar GI Gora Gabon trad O. Onon punos purys] suo'y [TetoAeg Olt at-U tos Gnd. b> Chenin Get MLO punos pueys] su0'T FI OP emNG ey Ssaea ee aoa ee re pa OST keq UeyIeYy OS? eth 0 0e0do ti Oso 9a cdo os oso punos pues] suo’, OL Got Oe Denso. TUG. AERO ONS OLO punos puvjs] su0'T [e1eAesg MORSE ak svar Pua SIE OE OO punos puvysy su0'T FeLVAVG Be Pepe AG SURO RE EORERD punos puvyjs] suo7T [er9AaG [Ectialeeutepictretislse tien siieieepianletls/ teh ieneite punos puvysy suOT [B1eA9S G00 b Om 020.6 Nab brn ase -eUeoioee punos pur] SUO'T [e1eAVg AtoO 0 aos UsenS bp gedao A OhasoeS punos purys] suo] [G19A9G SU co toe Penateha bab eOLO8o te SURO LOTNO punos purysy suo'y 98 Cea es (CaO sO eon Heth Ot O20 HO QhoeeTOan punos purysy suOT L8 Ate Oho U jem Oe Os p=gen calen trO oO panos puvysy suo] cg WOTYBOO'T 4O'T «Ox» ATNGHHOS pe Ua Bure Oe igs fee aaa ae tay och 1l2Ped “AA I egos nica Sn RAND akg rng ems Scare ptusln eee AGS ** rang “J, tou “ *TopNg “yy Loulpq ‘*rapqNg “pL tury Waescainh SF gM EM eRe Chae Sica Bice he wee « Psropng “T, IoUlpsy Linge he tangible knee Wak mame ei op “L, WTA Bee esas a eM es aie sae Wea BR ours oe aa tats ING “T, WW iia SAR NRC TE Sona CAL at Re Nee ect 2S SRC rene ome eA ---roTMg “T, IOUILA OR A seis ree ates RED cer onaye Gs rhea |G wr eee Ine OMG “T, LOUTH Sole cet wyiag ae aie sfth il stleh ts. sy syinlia | sine) eho taNie. Bie @ 1 elis\6[ 6a) 0) ewe. 0s 62 eas ele) aus suey Hn Tepe (0 S-o°o Uaeoin aD eo Ob pa 60 oO Deron OW bb Olde cme uosiepuy Moipuy Beish {sini Co wie Tears! ehisielioftn (eo u/cahien a) eit ethein eile be hebinile elas salle telelies el ieiien ef-s) 9}J9AOIPUY “M Vv Ai 05 OO". Ob. OL 0s tty O tot) OD. Retro) a0 0-0-0 Dt Qn Osd seo Oye a 9}}0A01puy qAlIQ.1IFT 0.00 0).O0, OL0=o eo 1 09046 0-6 Boe Dy Oar eo dbo CoD oH uosduwi0q J, » 9}}0A01PUYV spiel (ah (aps eel seruelcahwierenteit jie atcahien® olirerile tates (eile neti) i) uists)juilailel sim uosdutoy J, » o}j0A0I1pUy ‘ 610 52/7 Oy) SU AE O00 Oba DSO) Qube pet oon oan Ren nett Oya dado uosduioy J, » 977,90 A01puy J Ort 5208 7 OOS0=Okbso 6-0 Den G-decehen tos Caen 0 ada OmO ec uosdwoyq J, yn a}j0A0I1pUy OOS Oe OO De Ct OSA Ger Os Ce NOS sO 20 SO erika fect) uosduloy,], » oVJoAOIpPUy oa osoed a [ke ee = UOSGUIOULL ay Ov oAO1Lp Uy: ONO ne Er ce US. Sum) OF Oar CAD kOe errs ris Oh CaOmetL y uosduloy, J, » o17,9A01puYy apis) ie beleica Sec iaveleallareels) alsliveeiemes) da) stsmenoienisiis) a (8) sane uosdu10y, J, » o7,9A0Ipay eC NOeD Ch Dy O sO. non cn cO ThA) ath Om omer 2) ur Pomc Orca ce Oe retur aber: uosdwoy,J, H 07},0A0IpPUYy CeO OS Chm Dri Ganda echt te CO uy oI OM Cras SOS ie) uO tt Ober pecan itn Ch ecient) Aj1osOV STAC ‘H aot TS OF SO) Re Ot oe De OO, OOO Oe eo OFS? Ce OAR ele Ou tot eet) eae etn en) A[1oyoV SIAGG H A Pelle Weblo! seis eho e Pal laws («mse/\an ini yen bs al isy a. eae lea, eae el lemme ayn" ple le. ie) .s| A[1939V AoyoTy “S Moe fmSioU ie csi sso alis\/e\t-e) tpl /ehiehial etal ls) asceheiiec ae Mes) (lis sC-ealels) 6 rye) uog oY) Alla yoV . O28 Cried). OOS OS LO2A) Ge OM eceo® R08 O86 "os 08C Oba Oo CRAIG roe) uog » A[1oyoVW . 07025 mtr De DEO SCRE One tie.tit0 Se OPO ste. CnC oni) Ow th Gert OP core) u0g » A[10y0V . ate Vtang ee wists ste eae s/o uel. a) valle tal oslo lip “erielceiemietie fens. om kellwio (oY) u0g » A[1oy0V . apceprobiainetoep's|_ site \46)lp) ele s.911' eats e even wal eile. fv. ¥) Jen 02 a hie ke) epee Coe) u0g » A[1oyOV . Cre Cee ec ni OO OS0s08O Oi Sch 04 On er oS Of enercbeo oso coY@) uog y A[1oyoV . OOS 0* 0: Ger UOMres LO Discs OR OLmoar. O * Ei ens th OG) UOC ape AT IOS) opens aia iel talento leniul-(of vierin@isinis)ice auiiaiagledisW/sitst. ule eltenelie/le/6) =) iw (oY@) uog » Aj1oyIV . rear a. ac D8 Oe DO Ora Qe) 0 20 8 §tk0D. hein De cen ro 9 core) uog » A[1o30V . ee eplph mL amen leads abies ul ise Clehce ts /vg a cenlewwin’ (ew i ettatverial.eu4s sje lai.6 roY@) uog » A[1ayOV . US ONO DNs OSSD Ce One i te etre tet Oty SA Cet ieee CeO sO ey (oY) uog » A[IOyOV . NNRNNNNNNNNNNM CEA PTAA TAA AVAVATAT ATA, GUIAW N 307 CoNSERVATION CoMMISSION Ln! SOO ONMS OD eee OE NS Se a wri O aN NN 8881 ‘2 “AON 88ST ‘2 “AON 6881 ‘6 Ame S881 ‘2 “AON 888T ‘2 “AON 6S8T ‘FL ABTA S88T ‘2 “AON 888I'L “290 6881 ‘FL ATT 6881 ‘8 ‘uee 6881 ‘FLT ABI Z68I ‘8 eune T68T ‘ZT “LBIN S88I‘L “AON 6881 ‘FT ABI I68T ‘ZL ‘BIN Z68T ‘6 “sNV 6881 ‘ZT ABI 6S8I ‘ZI “AON OGST ‘TT ‘ZBI O68T ‘FI ‘“aRe S88T ‘2 “AON 68st ‘6 Ane 88ST ‘2 ‘AON Z6ST ‘ZI “uee T68T ‘ST “ABA T68T ‘81 ‘ABI 88ST ‘2 ‘AON 688 ‘8 ‘ue O6ST ‘TT “49 T6SL ‘ZI ‘ABIN O6ST ‘FI “wee O68I ‘FI “URE OGSI ‘PI ‘ues O6SI ‘FI ‘uer T68T ‘2 ‘3ny T6si ‘2 ‘“sny ZOST ‘ZI ‘uee O68T ‘TT “1BIA T68T ‘2 ‘sny 8881 ‘9 ‘“qaq 688 ‘FT ABI 6881 ‘FI ABT SSSI ‘FT ABI 688 ‘FI ABTA S88I 'F “qaq S88I ‘ZT “Gea wD OODMDOAMOMWDANOOMNMANDIMOSCOMOWOErDOMOAAOONNOMONDOMMH HAAHK HIDOOODONDO . HOH NONN RMR HIDON N mom nm Onht N Lan! Ce ee “punos puvys] su0'y “punos puvys] suo’'y “punos puv]s] suoy “punos puels], suo7 ‘punos pussy suoT “punos puvjs] suo'7T *punos pues] duoT *punos puvysy suo7y *punos puv[sy duoy *punos puss] suoT eee ee *Aeq UCI eee ee *£eq UB}IBY oeeee “£eq UVJIGY see eee ‘keg UL}IEY seen keg UepLIey seers Keq uvyIIe yy] scene ‘Keq UBC] eens Keq Uv}IEY seas *keq Uv}IBIY wees *£eq ULE eee ee *£Uq UB}LIB YT se eee *£eq UL}LICY ***punos pues] suo Ty "punos puv[sy suoT *punos puv[sy suoT ‘panos puss] suo'Ty *punos puvys] suo'T *punos pussy suoyT "+ Aeq SOON OTT ove ee *£Bq UCIT, ooo ee “Aq USpLIVY ose ee *£eq UBVILICY eoeeeee Aeq UBPIGYT ove eee Awq UCPIBY oe ee ee ABq UVILIGY oe eee *£eq UeWIEY oe ee *£eq UV}LIVY see ee “Aeq UC}LIVIT se eee ‘Aq UBPLIV oe eee ‘Aeq UC}LUIVY 5 mrss Avg Use y bee ae *Aeq UV}IY sere e *£eq UCILIV YY ow eee “ABQ UBIIVIY sees Keq wUVyley ones “Atq UB}LIBY se eee ‘Aeq UBILIB YY Or [e19A0g [e19A0g [er9Aeg 6 Lo 609 198 LOP 89P 9SP 18? 028 168 OLL est LOL Et £66 1636 0G 206 616 1G “***"Iguueg “fA, TYyOL “"'*"J9QUGeg "JY Ugor “*Jauueg "J uyor ‘*** woumeg “AL ayor ° "TT reuueg " wyor “"Jouueg "J ugor ““‘souuog "WW uyor “""J9uUNg “J wYyor ""***JQuueg "JY ayor Tigre *-gouueg “J uyor | TePed SUlepy “*- yuequng “g ‘oan “* - uBUByONg "UL “uBuByong “Ul "o*'yueqing jeueq “"'yuequing jameq “*yuBqung jerTueqd “"**yuBqing [etued “xuUBqing [eued “-syaeqing [armed es une “CE AL verses une “GM """peoqjsuing qooer MOWER D WFO 2s PAOSSE SIN SOR Top PICS e INE Pot "Ploy “IN, “BOL ****-doysig, 9008077 “yuequng “qf “ULM ‘ysng “THY A ‘a MOAR eB yt ‘ad “USN “AH A “A see eae orga ncaa " Toped “sey ecrniee tanaeumaee scones Geary Tepe “AA “L Tepe “A “TL “praca Tee TOPO "MT 5 SN sere Ba seat tens anier Oo oO . . . . Fourtu ANNUAL REPORT OF THE 208 S oS rir OSH to oO ie) Maan (=) N ANNAN CD xe} jenuuay O68T ‘IT “92a 888T ‘Z Tudy O68I ‘II ‘II Z68T ‘6G 29d O68T ‘9 ABT O68T ‘9 ABT 6881 ‘FI APIA 6881 ‘FI ABI SSSI ‘F eune 0681 ‘9 ABIL O68I ‘9 ABI S88I ‘2 [Ndy S681 ‘FI “qe7 E681 ‘FI “G94 O68T ‘TL “49a S88I ‘G ‘ABI Z6ST ‘TL “Gat C68 ‘IL “Gea 6681 ‘9 “4deg TS8I ‘ST “IBIA 6881 ‘ZI “user S88T ‘2 “AON T68T ‘SI ABIL S88I ‘¢ “IRI 6881 ‘8 ‘uer 68ST ‘ZT “4984 O68T ‘TI ‘I? O68T ‘IT “G94 O68I ‘FI ‘uer T68I ‘FI Ane O68T ‘TI ‘994 O68T ‘9 ABI T68I ‘ZT ABI O68T ‘ZI “sny 888T ‘2 “AON S88I ‘2 “AON 888I ‘2 “AON 888T ‘2 “AON S88I ‘2 “AON pojueiz estqours yy i's) ie) re . OD ra rs 5A) STON NHOOCORKNRHONO BHNOOONAG RERE ° re 20 00 00.00 00 19 @s2eee soe eee & So Gio pe + punos eaodn owooes punos sot repens “*punos eee ee panies cies: heo82* OUT OS ***punos sees ses snUNOS e oe ee “**punos: W01}800T “ABQ USzIEY ** £5BQ USI ACG ULUBY AVG USPICYY ACG WSjLIGST ABQ USIey “+ £VG UBHICY ASQ WB4zIeyY Aeq ueziey Aeq UvyuIey ASQ UCzIEY Aeq uszlIVey Aeq uspiey Aeq UezpUey ASQ UBIWIEY “AVG USpIEIy Aeq ueyey Aeq UB{LWe yy pUv[s] su0T puvjs] suo T puss] suoT pues] su0'T ACG UL}IEI] “ABQ We{LIS yy eq MOON 8347 AR YOON 979IVT “ABQ weIEy “AVG UBIIeYy Aeq weqiery ACG USI Aeq uvzpiey AC UV}LIVY ** ABQ ULILIEY * ABQ UBpPIVY pues] su0T pues] suo T pues] suoT puss], su07T pues] suoT 1S8 [e1aAog [@19A09 [e1eAeg IP ceL hig ye1aAeg [er19Aeg LLG LOG 697 §SIP SPP PSV cel SES SP LY OF cP tP oT “IeyIeq UvULIEYS Jayoeq uvwiseys Jeyoeq UvULIEeYS Wine s16)n@aleieei .¢)seljesyerje:ier\eexce' cw) \el ie /re) ie :ceme fa Vejle! ze 76 este Se mameilevre le veers. eee “qe yy Eval Araayy Bi Or alae Xesreslealaine iasiye/n6i.07,¢ 1030 ieiie je. seujs ile ne) nelle Sierie=ene\ve-ele sai “ete ov" re ve ass . 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(ee tele e ipa tauei ae ‘o:\blis +e vel: 0.) a6. ee) Xes0) aa eye ® eevee “UIGIZO MA uUBigy a WOd ®D VBI “di *K) Ce ee “e555 ** JoUsSeM Poly CCC Te er Oe SO YO I ST YT J cere ssameUAM °O of J ° 0902) FLOWN HF @31095) er eoee “OTe M WeIysIIyO a BRE a Saree ents gs arene *iese SS OTL BAA UBIGSIIGS) er ee SS eeee OTIS MA. UBIysIIyD Pr eoee * OTIS AA UsIystqy Ce eeee OTS M. UBIzSUYD OLDS) OM Se eee | “HOAM UBA “WW Ugor Cee er OuIeN UsA “MM pisg Oe OUIBN] UBA “M PIABG Cee eT ee OUI’ NT UsA ag ‘Ay W Cer ee ous Ny UsA WN ‘aD "W Pa ° “OUIB NI UA AIUOHL Ce Ye Tr ***TOOLA ‘H sopeqO et eT . ** JBVAIOPUG A ‘H uyort Ce * * IQOAIO 1s A ‘H uygor Pr *m08 U0U, J, A989 Cee er ee e ****gosduloy,], A2[s9 MA Ce er eT e *°**qosduloy,f, A9]89 A eC ee **°*-qosdulou J, A989 A Ce ee er PEO DRO OF [ey UBg “AA “09% eee ee ees e ee ee ee eee eee em ee ee ese e oes eo °° *on3e1 g ag soprsqQ HAVN (papnjou0)) —,,Q,, HIAGHHOG CoNSERVATION COMMISSION 323 Francuises ASSIGNED TO THE STATE oF NEw YORK DURING Location Raritan bay.. Raritan bay....... ae arian bay... 85.6% Raritan bay... Raritan bay.......... Raritan bay.... Raritan bay. . Aspnes FiscaL YEAR ENDING SEPTEMBER 30, 1914 Name avid Johnson. 2... Sa: Nils Pederson..... Peter Cannon... Andrew M.Cannon........... Andrew M. Cannon........... Osede 3 Deekers.3 <2! eres: IDERINT WLANEG S30 3c ee Leases ASSIGNED TO THE STATE OF NEw YorRK DURING FISCAL ° 2 Lot 990. 989. Sec. A, 121. i. : 239. 311. 316. Several..... Several..... eee 6? Sad. Uh Paes LG ee Sec. B, 121. YEAR ENDING SEPTEMBER 30, 1914 Location Long island Sound. . Raritan bay. Raritan bay.. Long Isiand Sound. vo Hudson river Long Island Sound. .. = Long Island Sound..... Long Island Sound..... Long Island Sound wae; o) nite Long Island Sound..... Hempstead Harbor..... Long Island Sound..... Long Island Sound... Long Island Sound. . Long Island Sound..... Long Island Sound..... Name John C. Allen. . Pausch Bros. Oyster Come Pausch Bros. Oyster Co....... Filbert H. Mackey.......:..... New York Oyster Co......... VWieTis T27G 0 Cs a ae ee eres Rudolph: Merrell... 22 5... 2. Amelie Merrell s fo 52 0 oa Ferdinand F. Downs.......... Mills & Ronik. Merrell & Bayles... Azel F. Merrell. Azel F. ne ee AveL Re Werrell: 223 Sei, Howard Goulde. =. 6.2600... Howard Gould....... 324 Fourtu Annvuat REPoRT OF THE Unparip Taxes ror THE YEAR 1913 NAME Lot Location Tax | Penalty Walliam te Abram ge sere ier 280 Yamalcavb ayes wo es oe $0 35 $0 O07 Walleye 180, Aer sochecodosauon 244 Jamel carbavenicar ere neu oe 35 07 WalliamideMbramss eee 240 VAMAlCalO tye wes ee ane 10 02 Gharles)iBedellie ane eee ee 767 Raritan bayesian coat heater tres, of TohneMi Belly vei cae nce eee an 269 East Chester bay............ 2 40 48 John VeBells ele ae, Shea 268 Long Island sound........... 1 70 34 Oswald We yBergen ype pyc 272 Long Island sound........... 2 80 Bo @Mosephine Biggs... .-.-....-. 4 149 UENCE NY ns oy doh outro a as 40 See €) Josephine Bigss\.2. ta.) ae 144 Jamaica Dayne eee ee TREN eee G. Josephine Biggs... .....5....). 524 Jamaicaibays. et eee TAOOF ee cee @) Josephine Bicester 150 Jamalcavbays ec cea eee L805 so ees C@hJosephinesBisesi yao 151 damalcaibayo ss ee eee UDRP een Sil PetenO@annoni eee ee ee 733 Riaritangbo ayaa ee ae 05 O1 ; is M. Gannon sis rine ae eee 45 Raritamtb aya a were te 18 04 IME Cannonees: sian eee ae 735 Rarkianabayie cree ee ear 55 11 ae We OCalle ree eae res 41 Long Island sound........... 18 73 So INathaniel’(Carmane 2) see cee 492 Jamalcaibay ene aan eee 1 45 28 Nathanieli@armantanaa ee ee 116 Jamaica bay)... ys. ses cree 15 03 INathanieli@armanee ais ear 115 Jamaicaibay ase ee ee 60 - 12 IEE Colom Saeed bo eee 951 Raritanubay. seen eons Pea O alten cost fe hee Colony sieve eee tee Riocinene 952 Ramitam\ bo ava ee ae eee 40 acl Bermnargu©ouins swe ee 264 Long Island sound........... 40 O38 Bernard Collinssae aaa eee 233 Mast) @hester bay... 22... 0. - 70 14 Crocker @7Allenwiy. cee cee 93 onvalslandisoundse. = ene 3 88 73 Oscars DWeckeraes chess meecs eee 37 ar Gameb ayaa peis arene eee 43 09 DenniseOouchertys- soso eee 286 East Chester bay............ 1 45 29 Dennis Dougherty...-.:....-..... 288 Hast Chester bayn sac sae 2 65 53 Henrys Wie avasins ants? ae ener ieee 343 Jamaica Daye wie eee scar 2 65 53 Iienrya WS Davls . is et asiss Sawee 506 Jamatcaybayee ener ee 1 40 2 Henny Wi Davisns:, 52.) omc vace 329 Jamaica bays ee ee oe eee 1 85 37 Wei eintordhams san ee see ee 263 (Relhamibaynig! Gree eer toe 35 07 Mio J8, Wonclithiney, sonadecuscscoue 262 Pelhamlbayane ae eee 1 60 32 Wen ahordhamic eras oe ace: 261 Relhamsbay necator ek ne 1 55 31 J ULOWMOrGhamienn sae ase eee 229 iRelhamdbayac secre ic eee 4/50/10 hee ates JMO Hordhamec acer eee 232 iRelhiamirbayeiee serie eee 2° SON tas same J OM hordhamecc rewire er 305 Pelham: bay. nue ease eee L155 2s JO Ostordhamin cose eee 231 Pelhamibaysgnvei a ai ale pie Bye Ie a Je:ORordhami@ic:. oo Va on nine 236 Pelhamibayitcncincn nese sei 32 Dill cere Ji OF Hordham ie wes ae ae ee: 97 Long Island sound........... 1G) S54 eee WS HOG Pcs a cto eee ee eee 179 Jamarea bays aseceeee tone VLE TOM ae JUMBEGlasien wissen see eet os peeks 248 Long Island sound........... Ayala ck keeper Thomas We Holbert. ce see 605 Riaritanebayncc. cir tie ater 45 09 Thomas Wi. Holbert] .22. > 5242 52: 607 RaribanyOavans sri an ei erase 1 83 37 Johny eansonw vas ae 34 yamalcanbaye einai 70 14 VoOhneblansomy eae eleelecstetee an cere 69 Vamalcarb ayer ase ae eee 5 05 LOW JonneHansona an eee oes a Jamatcasbay 4c ee ae 70 14 Daniel F. Huffmire............... 264 WaAmMalcarbayaee ste eee cee 40 08 Eye l Beals G(euasootudaecn ania bara nus Balen ais eee 262 Jamaica bayer eee eee 3 10 62 Dad Daal Soba h eeu ey mayan clnn cnn iy NA iets ts 265 Jamaica baye) a eee rice eee 35 O07 i utiminer’ 2.2, Son earn coe 263 JaAMaAIea DAYice eer ceili 1 35 27 ONCE Housmantee ee eee 324 Long Island sound........... 25 00 5 00 Adolph Johnsonessticase a ee ee Several | Long Island sound........... 22 TS ee JOS? BeINGSIerh iss Me Oise auton 62 Raritan’ bayeeesmcisen hirer rte 65 13 TOS WB MIGASTeN hay mele Ohi a see ait 61 Raritan) bayie-cee cio eke 73 15 IGE Gl oeal SEI RoE eon Ro MA One 6 689 Raritan, bayuse a sso ene 1 33 27 IAmtometbel slim) ennai enn 32 Long Island sound........... 19) (SD cessor red undyiny 2a ee ers teases Hott 322 Long Island sound........... 5 25 1 05 Gorneliusseanyanee ea ene 12 Hempstead harbor........... 55 11 Wucretiags ee VlOLeyer eater reiee 940 Ranitankbavn nee earn 43 09 Monroe & Remsen......:.:...... 464 Jamaicaibayeeace see necee 1 50 30 WalliamvbleMionnisnie sete see ree 276 Bast Chester bay.) .2-2252%.- 65 13 John Ha MicCroddent a...) cane nee 517 PAMAICALD Aye eee eierneeiek 115 22 @has7\icCroddent)3 sneer 606 Jamaica aviay concise ease Fy ONS) 44 INiistPedersonwesn ore eee 134 Raritanibayir core eer miee 1 07 20 Wavaduerice sess hice ee aienen tty = _ 110 Raritanibayeniaen acne coer 25 05 Dayid- Price). aan. see 30) /}) (Raritan Days. saree orem. 45 09 WlmersPrices. Oieckat sc eleken eee 6 aritangb ayia seb eerie 25 05 i imersPrice nae sce ae 140-A| Raritan bay................ 83 16 MImerverice sustain ene na 274 Raritanibayee quince acise aoer 45 0g ulimerserice in ose asck ae ener 264 Raritanvbaye saree cer eis: 30 06 1 DhaaVeyoil OKC ay MRA nsUsS Ste eons abe es 268 Riambarialo ays emer aion ae omens 40 08 Cmerierice iis ois sec S nae 272 Raritanyoavass ie tier een 50 16 Perircencé Merrell os see ae cee 4 Raritan bayer vies er 1 15 23 CoNSERVATION CoMMISSION Unpar TaxEs For THE Year 1913 — (Concluded) NAME cio) erated Edartoree, Cin sgeees raid os Beier a Wimeek= Rhineharty tic ccco ok 6 oes uneiee sre inebanth wy. don lor PHOMASHREMSEMN 2/55 6 os oa hen oes Rockaway Oyster Co............. Rockaway Oyster Co............. Rockaway Oyster Co. iiss oS Rockaway Oyster Co............. Rockaway Oyster Co............. Rockaway@Oyster ©o.. 2.5.24. «6 Roekaway Oyster ©o 5.22.2 4.. 266 Rockaway Oyster Co............. Rockaway Oyster Co............. Rockaway Oyster Co........,..:.. Rockaway Oyster-Co. . 2.26... 5. ; Rockaway Oyster Co............. Rockaway: Oyster Coen... 2. e). Rockaway Oyster Co............. Roekaway, Oyster Co, .2.. 42:2: .'-. Roekaway Oyster Co... 32.05..5.- Rockaway Oyster Co............. Rockaway Oyster Co............. RDA SEPA RUC acces necete aeons ears eM SPE AOU CG vata sce hs ee ee Ohm Saslewhite wceanee cs sie seus ReMbawrence Smith). as sei ieee: Een nenGe Mb. 15s. .8one) fe Sele Bee Viarshallasmithe uss ssh ce cers oe Hoviershall Smithy... 65s osc SBS Spra Suelo woes eee: DaAvjGTSUIMONSONG i, aie te os WaviduSimonsons ser sos osc. coe BV ae One ets opiate ae oe oe IBPALARO PLAC UC Hie tarcae eres ae cteicpeides 1ayanty Shoes EAH Os els came ee clo aioe Satie BIZTAVO PLAGUE meet Aeie wen sete Seale Here Ezra & Theodore Sprague......... Ezra & Theodore Sprague......... Ezra & Theodore Sprague......... Ezra & Theodore Sprague......... Geom SOMer i tia See eek CCOmMAENOOPEI ys cite ake een te hae Geoqwh SODeE ste ean ee eee Genre SOnen erase oes ee aie: Geos SOpery Sacre ake We HaSchineclk eee Johnie VansWwiyelesc =) Soe WAS IN AWVaISOMIM eae ets, hee ee Valen ney Sa S01 a eles menial eager Mena RAE Mennishhe Warden ve 45 eee he Dennisth sWarde cs ene =! : Location Mast) @hester bay...-2 255. 4.5- Vamatca paver: ale n je ee ees Pavinenyon, lors See le Ree Wak AMAIA WAV ea ee amMal Car bayer neh mae WJamaicabaycin ane eee eee He ranemOry loeny Hee oe ae esos Jamarteaibayncn cen see oe Vaal Cana vine ea hea we JamMatcal Ayia ths cece: Jamalicarbay sans: le acu VaIMaArcanO ay; sas ee ee ieee AMI CAs Aya eee Jamaicawaye eee ae JAMAL Dayal ere ee ae JAMAICA DAYn es tor cee ce JAMAICA By-4 aiken ee JAMAICA DAY Aes. cers ce Ocoee VAIMAICAE Ay Ls s os ee eto VAMAICHAD AVG tee eae ene anaes, Mayes scnwiecci feet sean: Resritans bays nr ok ATLAS DAT oe recite era ee iRiamitangbayweis cic ae cise es: Long: Island sound........... Long Island sound........... Kone Ishand sound s..5.5 6.04: Long Island sound........... VAG AM Ayes Sect eles Ranitam bay vireo ae ee TRG Were 010] oye lic seca SE ee VAMVAICAIDAY 52. Sate es cree Jamateaibaya ect cece eee amares ays eae ee VAIMNVAI CAND AY esti e we a eae Jam ales ay™ cis May coe oe Jarmaicabay een en Wammaleaibay mere aot io Jamaics, bayer cnn lacs Jamearcaibays ee ctoe selec sae Ninmial Caray tise siete a conne Vamates Dayerk cess ewe tay ees PAMIAIC A Aye ae cen eis ea Jamalcalbayars.. ke smis sheers ete VamMialca WAV colo Aaa aos Dee VermalGat Wave 5 Amie et eae SEMlthtowa ayes os ae sleet - e Varn ger bay arise ee sees Vamateasb avin ances e eae te, oe Long Island sound........... Hone Island sound, 2). 25 2a. Ranitanilbeaye ssh ase care Jamal carbayeate Soria eee einai ons ou ee ae, dy aero Bast Chester bay n.c os a4 Hast Chester bay............ Long Island sound........... apeie!/aceuaralaiellal el a/.e).a) ss; e) sje. ee) ieee elle bo BREED De HB eH eS eH = ONO Cle HPWH HE DH ee Wr bh He ee ee eee WWW W co w ANNUAL REPORT OF THE FISH CULTURIST aie 7) x: ae ANNUAL REPORT OF THE FISH CULTURIST Hon. James J. Fox, Deputy Commissioner: Srr.— The report upon the work of the Bureau of Fish Culture of the Conservation Commission for the fiscal year ended Septem- ber 30, 1914, is herewith submitted. The reports from the foremen of the ten hatcheries which were open during the year are included in this account, also the obser- vations made during inspection trips as to the condition of the properties, the methods employed in taking and hatching eggs and feeding the fish, the improvements suggested in the routine of operations and such additional subjects as are related to better- ments and increased efficiency in general. The total number of fish distributed during the year was 566,543,016. This shows a decrease from the yield of 1913 which was due chiefiy to-naturai causes. In 1913 there was an enormous influx of large blue crabs in Shinnecock bay which fur- nished to the Long Island hatchery a very great number of eggs for development. In 1914 this source of supply was lacking. It is not uncommon to find such variations, due to the migratory habits of the species. The marine work is susceptible of very great extension with increased facilities for collecting eggs. A substantial motor boat, able to go to the Race and Fisher’s Island sound for berried lobsters would enable the Commission to swell the output of lobsters to an enormous figure. It would also be a great aid in discovering the spawning grounds of the weakfish, the eges of which should be hatched in great quantities in order to keep up the supply of a valuable food species. The number of species propagated and distributed during the vear was thirty-nine; but several of these were obtained simply for exhibition purposes and not for stocking waters. The most [329] 330 FourtH ANNUAL REPORT OF THE important species in point of numbers sent out were shad, frost- fish, whitefish, lake herring, brown trout, rainbow trout, lake ~ trout, brook trout, smelt, maskalonge, small-mouthed black bass, yellow perch, pikeperch, tomcod, flatfish and lobsters. The policy of stocking inland lakes with whitefish and lake herring has been consistently followed because it is believed that these fish will supply a vast amount of cheap and wholesome food for the people, and it will be comparatively easy to take them by angling if ali other methods of capture are forbidden. The lake trout is steadily increasing in the large inland lakes; but, on account of the con- tours of the lake bottoms and other natural causes, it is extremely difficult to collect the eggs in the spawning season. A very good illustration of this is found in Keuka lake, which yields many tons of lake trout for market use and home consumption through- out the fishing season and yet the number of eggs that can be obtained by the use of nets on the spawning ledges of this trout is uniformly small. The brood trout at nearly all the stations have been liberated in public waters, and the supply of eggs, for the most part, is now obtained by purchase from commercial hatcheries. This promotes economy because the private hatcheries can furnish eggs much cheaper than we can produce them. ‘They have the advantage of being able to market table trout at any time of the year, and the egos are a by-product. The brown trout have been retained at Caledonia for the reason that private establishments do not propa- gate this species. The early spawning race of rainbow trout has also been kept at Cold Spring Harbor because of the advantage of earlier distribution of the fry and fingerlings derived from such egos. Small-mouthed black bass are not wintered over at any of the stations except Linlithgo. It has been demonstrated at Con- stantia and Ogdensburg that adult fish very near the spawning condition can be taken from outside waters and introduced into the ponds when they are almost ready to deposit their eggs. This circumstance makes it possible to avoid the expense and risk of keeping adult bass through the winter. The bass are so abundant in Oneida lake and in the St. Lawrence river and other streams in the vicinity of Ogdensburg as to make the collection of gravid fish for pond cultivation very easy. Chautauqua lake is another CONSERVATION COMMISSION 31) body of water in which the small-mouthed bass is abundant and thrifty and furnishes an ample brood stock for the ponds when , required. The growth of the small mouthed black bass in a small pond at Constantia, which was well supplied with insects and their larvae, young sunfishes and other natural fish food, was remark- able during the summer of 1914. Late in October 141 bass from four to five inches long were transferred from this pond to the hatchery troughs for distribution. The plump and clean con- dition of the fish was noteworthy. Jn company with them were numerous pikeperch to which reference is made in the notes on species. The practice of winter killing all plant and animal life in ponds during the year has worked out very advantageously at Constantia. Ponds treated in that way become richly stocked with insects, crustaceans and worms, and all that is necessary in addition is to provide some small fish for the food of the species under cultivation. The cost of the fish distributed in 1914 was $78.46 per million. This includes every expense for the maintenance of the hatcheries and the delivery of the fish to applicants. The fish sent out were valued at about $188,000 on a basis far below the prices at com- mercial hatcheries. The continued and rapid decrease in “ie shad fishery of the Hudson river has reduced the output of that fish from the Lin- hthgo station. The total distribution was only 1,403,800, of which 750,000 were fingerlings measuring four or five inches in length. One would suppose that repeated plantings of fingerling shad from that hatchery would soon begin to show results in an increased catch; but the facts are that many of the fingerlings are wrongfully taken in bait minnow nets and the adults are caught before they enter the lower waters of the river. The Hudson, furthermore, is so badly polluted and obstructed by refuse as to make it little fit as a spawning river for the shad. The rapid increase of the pikeperch in stocked waters has become apparent to everyone who fishes, and especially in the inland lakes and ponds and in the St. Lawrence river and its large tributaries. Notwithstanding the very adhesive nature of the eggs, they are easily separated and hatched in jars during a moderate period of incubation. It has been thought that this 332 FourtH ANNUAL REPORT OF THE fish is not suitable for rearing in ponds; but evidence to the contrary is at hand, and doubtless experiments in the direction of pond culture for the pikeperch will be extended. The acclimation of the whitefish in Adirondack lakes and other large lakes of the State has become evident, and it is practicable to take vast numbers of eggs from stocked waters. The little whitefish of Chateaugay lake has been added to the list of species propagated and will undoubtedly be found adapted for continued artificial culture. The fish was recently found in Big Clear lake and the Adirondack hatchery found the young in Big Clear lake in 1913 resulting from a plant made many years ago. The necessity of protecting our trout stations from pollution by sewage and other causes is becoming more and more apparent every vear. The State should have full control of all its supplies of spring water in order that they may be kept uncontaminated. Several trout diseases have been traced to bacteria which thrive only in polluted water. Epidemics have occurred, notably at Caledonia and Bath, which have decimated the trout and which could be entirely avoided by attention to the water supply. It has been suggested, and it is undoubtedly true, that good results could be obtained in the planting of fish if the Commis- sion should assign this work to its trained employees. Under the present policy of appropriations, however, the method is im- possible. It is to be hoped that the funds will be so increased as to warrant not only a greater distribution but also an improved system of planting. Recommendations for various improvements and repairs at the stations have been made from time to time. The Adiron- dack hatchery should have ponds or races to replace the decayed vooden races now in use; land should be acquired at Constantia on which to build a boathouse for the proper storage of boats in the service; a new dam at the Oneida hatchery is greatly needed, and a dam should be constructed on the Roeliff Jansen kill to corde a new and improved water supply for the Linlithgo sta- tion; the Bath hatchery is greatly in danger of epidemics because of the pollution of the principal spring supplying the rearing races and ponds, and an outlay of $500 would relieve this con- stant menace: the field work on Long Island could be enormously v / Ow (oh) CoNSERVATION CoMMISSION expanded by the purchase of a motor boat and the construction of two inexpensive auxiliary field stations for the collection of eggs of food fish; Caledonia hatchery can be made much more effective by cleaning out the upper waters of Spring creek and by replacing decayed wooden embankments with cement; the station on Chautauqua lake could be much improved by changes in the pumping plant and by acquiring ground suitable for pond construction. State properties which are maintained at a sure profit should be kept up by appropriations to their highest point of efficiency. A systematic study of the water life of our State should be made without delay and with the utmost thoroughness in detail. If we knew more about the species of fish and related animals and the plant and insect life which are so intimately associated with the growth of fish it would be far easier to increase the supply of edible species. In a general way we know that the State waters contain about 400 species of fish, of which more than one-half live in the ocean. The names of these species and their distribution are matters of record, but few observations have been made upon the spawning seasons and the breeding habits particularly of the smaller fishes which form the bulk of the food of the larger and more valuable forms. Information of this kind is greatly needed, and is received slowly because the number of observers in the field is very limited. New York has not done as much work in the study of the life histories of its fish as some of the other States, and yet the importance of its assets in this direction is out of all proportion to the outlay of effort and money devoted to biological surveys. No provision has vet been made for the artificial cultivation of oysters and other shellfish in this State. The United States Bureau of Fisheries has made many experiments extending over a long term of years in the development of a system of oyster cul- ture based to some extent upon methods employed in Europe; but the processes have not yet reached a stage at which they can pe utilized commercially. The value of the oyster and clam fish- eries of New York is so great as to render this subject worthy of early and careful consideration. 334 FourtH Annuat REpoRT OF THE HATCHERY EXPENDITURES Maintenance. ak a ee ee | $39,773 97 *7.991 51 : $47,765 48 Repairs: ei ee 2,347 83 Collecting eggs 00. uy ne 315 41 Oficial salaries.) i552 on oe 4,000 00 Graded employecs: ) a na eee 9,180 00 St.” Lawrence hatchery: 2 ee 2,036 26 Warrensburg hatchery’ 2-102 et ce3 a ee 111.16 $65,756 14 FISH DISTRIBUTED BY STATE HATCHERIES. Catfish Rainbow trout Bullhead Lake trout White chub Brook trout Flat shiner Smelt Pin shiner Pike Rosy faced minnow Pickerel Horned dace Maskalonge Mullet Strawberry bass Sucker Rock bass Eel Sunfish Shad Silver bass Frostfish Small mouthed black bass Whitefish Large mouthed black bass — - Lake herring (Greenback) Yellow perch Lake herring (Lake Erie) Pikeperch Tullibee Tomeod Land locked salmon Lawyer Black spotted trout Flatfish Brown trout Lobster * This amount ($7,991.51) was incurred in ate Bacal year ending September 30, 1913, but was paid in the fiscal year ending September 30, 1914 MOVGNOMIGY UVO USTy Sulpooy “WU *0F0Ud she ee Se WOLVIGSIMENY] ONIMOWUS YOIMALN] — MOVGNONIGY UVO UST SULPOOY) “HT “Yo *0OVOU ae SUTLIVA) SUTONASSH — MOVGNONIGY UVO HSI SuIpooy “TW 010Ud Lieb BBS CoNSERVATION COMMISSION 335 FISH DISTRIBUTED IN 1914 BY STATIONS ADIRONDACK fee strout fry... 62.2... --- 288,500 Brook trout fingerlings........ 153,500 oh Mis AN 442,000 Makes front, try 5. ls ee 315,000 fake trout. fingerlings. ........- 190,000 —— 505,000 eagme trout fry: 2... 4,000 ee Ea cae 4,000 Mibrrenol TY} 9s 2. soo sek SS eee i ee 4,600,000 5,551,000 Batu Prose trout fry. .::-..../.....-. 75,000 Brook trout fingerlings......... 383,500 eee bie oe A 458,500 Lake trout fingerlings*........ 317,000 : SE 317,000 rey trout ITyi ss. t ee ee 90,000 Brown trout fingerlings........ 65,000 soe i 155,000 anbow trout: finmgerlings{ <...........0.065- 116,000 1,046,500 CALEDONIA “SIRE USe Reg Th ies ihe pS gee 68,500 Brook trout fingerlings......... 93,000 SS 161,500 Mec GPOUG INS a perai cise = aticid oe 170,000 Lake trout fingerlings.......... 402,000 572,000 * 350,000 eyed eggs were furnished by Caledonia hatchery cz The eggs from which these fish were developed were furnished by the Fulton Chain hatchery. t From eggs furnished by Caledonia hatchery § 336,000 eyed eggs received from Cold Spunk harbor were poor. : ae 700, ,000 eyed eggs were sent to the Adirondack and Bath hatcheries for development and dis- Tibution, 330 FourtH ANNUAL REPORT OF THE Brows (route Teves pees aed eee 8,000 Brown trout fingerlings....... 209,000 Brown. trout jyearlines. 5 eae 100 7 917,100 Rambow trout srySeeres- ee 122,500 Rainbow trout fingerlings...... 390,000 Reubow trout, adults. 22. 22.52 14,858 527,358 Ihalge therrincumbry Yee ee ee Re aigaenek s 35,000,000 Maskalonge iry** ...'.. Bee ee ah oun ne 925,000 Pikeperch Try |b ents aie ee ean a he aa 4,350,000 : 41,752,958 CHAUTAUQUA Maskalonee afry SS a.00 0s cette ee oat ae 1,225,000 hake erring, tye taro) eee: UR Sern oes tease ie 16,000,000 17,225,000 Comp Spring Harsor Brook’trout try: aie ee ee 65,000 Brook trout fingerhngs...:. 5.2. 26,500 Brook: traut, adults: «2. 15 91,515 Brown trout fry...... Se eee ree 10,000 Brown trout fingerlings........ 5,000 = 15,000 Rainbow trout fry...... Mea ts 15,000 Rainbow trout fingerlings....... 14,000 Rambow, trout, adultsec: 2:3.) a : apes) 29,050 *+ 400,000 eyed eggs were divided between the Bath and Delaware hatcheries for development and distribution. BF pi: § 250,000 eyed eggs were sent to Bath and Delaware stations for development and distribution and 10,000 to Ithaca for development, observation and distribution. § 16,362,000 were sent to Linlithgo for development and distribution. ** The eggs from which these fry were produced were furnished by the Chautauqua hatchery. +t The eggs which produced these fry were obtained from Oneida hatchery. §§ 750,000 eyed eggs sent to Caledonia for development and distribution; 600,000 green eggs and 500,000 eyed eggs were sent to the Pennsylvania Commission at Union City in exchange for brook trout eggs and not included in this report. |} 336,000 eggs were sent to Caledonia and not included in this report. CoNSERVATION COMMISSION 301 Black spotted trout fingerlings............ ie 2,000 Wy eiaterate bie tetey, Be eee as as acer pe ecce cater? a ae 30,000 Sel Gs thy Ges Bod Sane ae Mee eae em ena area 119,000,000 Paniee percent liye 2 kee SG he ees ee ss 2,150,000 TE GTUNC OLIN EN, 20675. ace Se, Sat a eae es ae AC ea P 96,200,000 rege as a ea _ a Ne eed Wars eer ae ho ea ate 17,000 TDL OINES)2 SIDES Ik Toe gi ot ae ie eh reeves ieee aa Mee Sr 68,000,000 1G TSEAZIEP LIEN Rigen eters oe Ne ba tele rey MnP ae aera Mea ata 23,223,210 308,757,775 DELAWARE Beever VOU EE terre cas «a ges als 300,500 Brook trout fingerlines......... 115,000 rook trout 14 months... .05. 2. 1,150 rook trout 2 and 3 years... ..:. 2,460 ee AO 10 LE 170 TEL U1 el 6 i mag eee 31,000 Brown trout fingerlings........ 102,500 133,500 oamnbow trout trys. oe. 2.6. . 70,000 Rainbow trout fingerlings....... 66,000 i ees eae 136,000 688,610 Foutron Cuain Percale: inowt: trys) 5 vs la ck: 233,000 Brook trout fingerlings......... 194,500 427,500 ake trout ary sos be. Bis ti snanecNas Oe eae tea 45,000 Land locked salmon fingerlings§............. 12,000 NA Prumnesmicine siya) Weeae er at) oa ace erik Oe ole Tit ate ety 10,372,000 AO SIATISUINSE IS ais argent eee cy nna are er ee 322,000 11,178,500 +t The eggs which produced these fry were obtained from the Oneida hatchery. * The Brown trout were produced from eggs furnished by the Caledonia hatchery. t The Rainbow trout were developed from eggs obtained from the Caledonia hatchery. f § The eggs which produced these fish were obtained from the United States hatchery at Cane 7incent. € 2,100,000 eggs were sent to the Adirondack hatchery and 19,446,000 eggs were sent to the Oneida hatchery for development and distribution and not included in this report. 338 Fourta Annuat Report oF THE LinLitHeo S Hardon eee ee ae eee eae 653,800 Shad fingerlings ..... & snaics eee 750,000 Brook. trout fryct....- see Rees 137,000 Brook trout, iugeriipes: 3-32. 50,500 Rake sherping. “ry io... Care eae ee ee PikeperchfryS. 20.2 aan Ue PEC RAS SPAR Yellow? perch frye. 8,000,000 Yellow, perch yearlings. .......: 1,000 Black bass, small mouth, adv fry** 20,700 BI’k bass, small mouth, fingerlings 1,500 ONEIDA Cattishviaditlts iis ie. eae i Bullhead‘ fingerlines 2 ore. 5 Bullhead adults ........ ace + White chub fingerlings......... : 3 White chub adults; 4. 2.5). 02 2 Flat shiner fingerlings’........ PAM SWIM Cini a see ae Kosy taced minnow .. 3.222. ; Hommed dace: oo. a:% tiene ee Mallet fingerlines .... 0... 122): 3 WenMetsadonltss 7 as. is ie ened ae 2 Sucker mmeerlings 207 fine). Bee 6 Sucker adults. is. fis nat cee 2 1,403,800 187,500 16,500,000 2,300,000 8,001,000 22,200 28,414,500 p= OS) Cr) On 8 * 1,000,000 Shad fry were received from the Pennsylvania Commission in exchange for Pikeperch eggs furnished by the Oneida hatchery. 7 30,000 eggs were obtained from the Pennsylvania Commission in exchange for Maskalonge furnished by the Chautauqua hatchery. These fry were produced from eggs collected in Sodus bay by the Caledonia hatchery. § The eggs which produced these fry were obtained from the Oneida hatchery. §] 140 quarts of Yellow Perch eggs were obtained from Mr. E. C. Brown in exchange for eggs of Brook Trout and Lake Herring. ** 50,000 Black bass fry were received from the Oneida hatchery for further development. CUNSERVATION COMMISSION 339 4 16,128,000 5,250,000 6 4 29,700,038 100,000,009 350,018 15 16 i 2 151,428,173 JCI ee eo ERT aS ce I ea Vvmicelightry © Vente ve aus os: Wullibee trys. <.-:; Se su ae Stone pike fingerlings ......... Pickerel-adulig: oo os. we we « Pikeperenwimy > oo. ces ne es 6S 29,700,000 Pikepeven adults 22.2.0 250... 38 Mellow perch. Pry. i466 gees 8s 100,000,000 Mellow, perch adults... 5... 2... 9 Black bass, small mouth, fryt... 250,000 Black bass, small mouth, finger- ete ee es es 100,000 Black bass, small mouth, adults. . 18 Black bass, large mouth, fingerlings + Black bass, large mouth, adults. . 2 Strawberry bass adults ........ Rock bass fingerlings .......... 6 ivock bass adullisy:): <. 22-225 2. 9 Sunusheineerimes:s 0) ess ose 5 Mn SMA Mise oa se vee's cusses eee St. LAWRENCE — Black bass, small mouth, fry..... 500,000 500,000 _ * These fry were produced from eggs obtained from the Fulton Chain hatchery. Ae + 366 quarts of Pikeperch eggs were sent to the Caledonia, Cold Spring harbor and Linlithgo hatcheries and the Pennsylvania Commission, and do not appear in this report. t 50,000 small mouth Black Bass fry were sent to the Linlithgo hatchery for further development and are not accounted for in this report. 340 FourtH AnnuAL REPORT OF THE FiSH DiSTRiBUTiON IN 1914 BY STATIONS NCHMOMdacks. jo) ies ee een Se ere oo eee 5,551,000 Baia SRG ee ee eee et 1,046,500 Caledonia... set saa ee 8 ea Al 102,008 Chaatand wa 38% oa a eee Cane res 17,225,000 Gold Spring Elarbor 22... Pe ata Leah ie te 308, (ont ta Wighawarein. co oo os wy Cee ee 688,610 Molton @ lan iso oh aes eae ane a ae 11,178,500 Tenino 5 Sag ee oe ined ei a ae 28,414,500 Omen dae 5 See eh Gn ere aoe eater 151,428,173 mt. Vawrence: 9.25 LM RE NGEN EMN LOU ah a eae ne a 8 500,000 566,543,016 Sa eS Se FISH DISTRIBUTION, 3911-1974 1911 1912 1913 1914 Adirondack. i342. 26.20 7,416,877 4,610,059 7,068 ,810 5,501,000 Ba Crucis aia ee Meteo hee eae 1,020,461 1,274,545 768 , 000 1,046,500 Caledonia............. 49,140,150 30,132,750 38,007,411 41,752,958 Chautauqua. ...-- 28,221,725 14,020,100 19,267,000 17,225,000 Cold Spring Harbor. . 347,650,400 401,554,422 890,878,105 308,757,775 Delaware: ys. A eae. 821,500 994 517 973 , 500 688 , 610 Fulton Chain. . gee 5,201 050 7,467,010 9,378,009 11,178,500 Linlithgo. 422° ..05 25,657, 983 49 , 436 ,379 73,273,129 28,414,500 Oneida nyse... 2 22.2. 2360. 308, 248) 2220, 945) tol. 247,641,156 151,428,173 Rees Dees evel oo parte Mee ein er...) Nas not gmenins NN TONRNEN yok Gia eran ear Pye _ 800,000 701,448 394 730,434,933 1,287,255,120 566,543,016 FISH DISTRIBUTION BY SPECIES Catiishy ocadinltisetc 5.0/6 op eile eee ee he ae 3° Bullhead: imoerlimes sie oe aa 5 Balinese wardinlte otc eee sas en ae occ es 4 W ete chill: aumeeniaiios me ogee. a cee ere 3 Wolteeliul: acltailite sts). fener on nn 2 iat shimer nneerling 2p edey k ek a Ak 6 Vesti ams clair alongs ae chats, ve (tenet Ata eT men 3 COS EEACEM) MINNOW.) heen 2 eine Nien ete | Fal OT MEME ACE nO onc Cee aes EO a ene 4A Millet: tineerlingy) eeu o ap wel uae eee 3 Millie Gaal, cick sacs Oe use cet ce Ce ee es oe 2 CoNSERVATION COMMISSION pwewer fingerling . 5. .)2 see 2 ces a ee FoR as aN Sogo Sng cd Yio) whic ey nts ok sh ayant LLG SVG PTT Sig sae ln 2 lS Ee ee SULZIG SMA nl see come OP ae ge ee ee ee SS UNEIG I pias 02( 8) Be CN gece es ere ea a JU TEC SIE 00 SIC r nae, ia ee Aes aie ace er ee eae LEE ELEN Us ES ees 2 eras ee ean erate ne ra ne A tice Wetter ee Oe ee fs oe fiilineaminyaoene at" coo ean oe hee sig, 2s Land locked salmon fingerling..........0..... imac sported Ne erNe ees OO eR DIRE UCL TEES er ty RR ev are ec ee ee cea nnmerane too Ft ee i a ed ek. soc cmuestih ay Ca UNIS «Se Rae Spe ae ee ee at ec LIS ZU, G1 Cais a ane rag Me Pee ae oR a erm pe Ne ETINO. oy he A he oe 8 ee FS TTD G1 WT Soe Pe rem 1 PIER SUR IEE Oa easier Pate aaah ig aetna rea |e STC NGC ae ae a ea ee LE SSCL a So "acc EG at a oa ag moe nneerline oe Peete. Pha se al JS TPECLS CITT See 8 eg blk eae Ne ae Re te Oa SITING TG) 7 geet BPR get a a Sure pike waeerlnot Ai hee ee ee as, ppWeset teen ho ans ee ere ee ge tS, “AULS STEAy FOTNGTE.S ETE ee > OR RE ee DORI eS Sueamuetinn Nace Machitisos sw, saa. GA. kee eck iss nemo ot a ee LEC NEISN OSes 16 “iMac eip er ee age Sa RN Ag Una yee Weal aa SUMAN OSIM Cee. Sok let 197 Eiom bine licenses assued ).) i. /005; sie /acec «cc seni ess egcec mM Sc ASs seo h Ek ae 191 PAtIn ey) CENEeS McSue DY COUNMELES)) crise lejais c's vierars © sieie/ofe cles ae oe bole loa 228 EDM EOS EAM ICTAIEEVEM A! hos: ehwlaie cies ate sa lelclelsioe aye’ eim ania, Si eiee esas ea whO sc orgs oss 33 Fivdro-clectric: POHCIOS (5). oiafccls ole sn tape e's wie visis os So, o4;)09, 40; 4142 43 I rinpo Ray MORE CMEC S isvor sre) . -.0...220- e406 sees 32 Marine: fisheries: DUTEAMIG .% o5)0.:5c0s sis, c/e's)a be ais; ouaile elieke tent anus foster 22 Marine: fisheries ‘bureaus TE@eCIPUS 6 25). ele Lieceses ioseleve corece icicle ete mene) ee ener aaa 260 Marine fisheries bureau, (surveyors | Teport. 2.01) 2) 12 snout eee ine 262-264 Marine: fisheries: Leases) i) sicidclerareiers 4) pied eis eve) eeeevn ola ahd folie le eairel eaten 290-292 Marine) fisheries, precordinig, fees i) er. cael ela ue ie oie lets hele yee 290-291 Marine) fisheries, rents due.and collected 75 2c. ui 2)./2 es oe ene 265-269 Marine) fSherles; SUPeLVISOr’S: TEPOMb cc): ac: sae ere evaenec ocelot erate 257-264 Marine fisheries, taxes and penalties collected...................... 270-287 Mia skalomee cis cinicle siete Wiel crele ‘stone aie /ase\o etave el ete deve rs olaiereiie ens le capes me 255 McCabe’s power development policy, Commissioner..46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52 Merit, system) for protectors... o/s Scie .1.0s fieie evra che cialis cieceve eels a eter eerie 197 Micra tony bird Dia was te sacs seuecesat: aietecra sishe, aloe) syeuebetote title Tete (ane stale teeta 23 Malbowners: and streamiregulation os 650i csc oem 2is\e csi «2 ete ole ave eee 38 Miimmow, met, Teen Ses rs ehakys teens tin) seer ate ole el esol ai eles fel.elei/0 alle) tater aan 237 Manno Ws POSV) Maced MENU nari 2) ce levers iol ctslras lye le ohacellel ie! alel tele peneie eae laren sou Pier i745)! Moneys: recenved: (cll sce eae a tins dels a data) a) oi relia a ee 57 Mountain ObSerVatlom StablONS ec eda k eal ones a ew lave eos aoa early eas eane meets 13,733 IMEI CG rN rem eimia cera Oe clita cule evtanjaliztn| ofbite/eve due, see kek s eles manatee eam 237 N Navicable streams, jurisdiction): 322.05 1066. = ois ws oe 2 estmiele re elec ors 42 Net; licenses VSSued 4 22520516 20s ooh ne 6%5)!-i Mie’ «alee! «oS of eua) al ae) elt anelin ihe) a eitel sUcehelertet to Nets’ Ivcensed in) various | Waters...) )26 6 6c ape rsie woth aves ee +, ole) @ ) icine cane 237 Netting) under, Meemse iis. e105 este lays) eis yale onelonee s/elenelele\iola\ tol slctelieheasi-atei 234, 235 ING o ara RIVER POWER (40) oclele elope chejcrs oie ele) ehis)ele ele lela\ie o1se/c elles etc oen at ama 42 Niagara, River SCap oMets) (3's 375 la cle cleric everers = is) cllaielie) aise) 5\elale) a alerelolta) ol elataiene 237 Non-sale\of mative @amel.)s5 2 ses. wie cle sole w/e.e els\ele« wlele wieveinie’= 'e\e!le) oieiele ciel 192 0 Office expenditures): /.\5 sista eo ee a cle pow 6» a) seat oh sen Seereley wie) ofetee ltsiieyeney =i stal 1,8 Oysters, artificial cultivation recommended ..............++.- Sogn eee 333 PAGE Oyster culture .......... Rena es dat Ao coche ees ele ake ctbud st Gavara aeleiew 22, 23 Oyster franchises assigned to State............ccceecceees hele nies share 323 PeSter STOUNNS TINGEr NeASe wi ic wittalem aistm's ainie's ws eu winjsre diet’ o sn,0 9 © 292-322 Oyster mmduUsbey Soe ss as eles ve Mel ORIAe sha ae taheieia-e wietere tet ek lope aieh 261 Peaster landsigimpagl: tire ON... oes. shea is Bolo obien cela ies Se ee nae: 324 Siyarer lenses ASstHed tO, SGALCS. wc oa. Ce5 = ae Glas veliiae ccs bcc cette es 323 P Oy erie Natal tL ounces weet wish ciate ieee in aslo wis ania ws biel mpd le Saw netad 236, 237, 356 RIM ea ee coh Radin val sc%e ths igva leu: Toler Wie Salutes a iarenete aie! ates ¢ atoie elesaeure s 236, 237 OP Se Ean ales cit ena ba ca ae wlio a Oats pied wre elm ora Cone Who Siw. whol award Silane 236, 237 Pie BENCH QERGROAREC hs o\p io eke |: \oje niece's ingen is wie ice eyeinii sie wwe ale sls wa ete'k 331, 356 MEAS UES oui Ses lain is leaks aiaueielaiaie i lepe eis ae oreieo-w o euereielaleretnst aieters) 195, 202, 229 ELT, (ETI » VANES Ye). (yee aha acum wn wis are ake ka she fetal alakeis ctelate. dein 4 baer 17 al aieren. OF SCECAMIS TARTU 5 1 heres creceic aya o; sic bis oie & wileie bce uel aiersia ae 1 oie 332 EG EMIS gO IC OTSCE VALTOM Uy sit cinssah ose Obs a 6s wie avaipisiais eleieus a/eie sae ale efmieie see 10 Propagation ponds, winter treatment Of..2.). 5 sca ss 6 sie 52 o.0es eee sb as 331 Bea pacabiow Or ssh wANG CAING 9 \5)5 20.20 2). 2s pee ek wales cele ele wetdnsHele soe e ss 11 ENC EM UIOHS, DV: EOCECUOES! (on ae '~ oes (a o's <0 rm crate =e © a cle) s)sisie o's 6 oe 5c0\< 2's 19, 220 WeFoveCurOl Of. 1USLu UNECE » PATO: (2) 5) '5/6 Sie ae cele sw cclevejg eos peice. ew ejesrese ee te © 19 BEGUCCCOLS AHSAM LOS ORE 9 ., 5 Succes 2h eos Sieisiel als Gels tise ed's qe occwaee sa 199 PEGHEMLOTS Ce BEMUOM NOI Ha dics cid < iciw oe Ae Coslci de ad moe Se ee sO oee Sok fb erewlte 200 Eratectors,, increase of, recommended’... 2... 5 iseie's's Sess hs See ave ees 193 Public health, safety, welfare, relation of, to conservation problems.... 37 Q TET at TRO ae ene eee ee RIED ata hata one Con oe 7 ters, So8 SH Wiel One ae pels ay 196 R Railroads and forest fires.......5...0...0.3 CEP PO Re arr) SINE Nye ek 81 EAA MENT ACUEOL ET icy oet oo coral oie Se Ut Waeiaiee so Rea ee eet Dea o: 330, 353 Fea ECD UCR PET SIVONVEN) 52) oh lalla pf a 'olaS siete ise sferat chp raha’ ela lat Sieiela tere 'eleimie. a ere Starrett 35 Recones: Gi folt arth comme GiviSion . 25 o's ke ke ce sees es hee vgs ae as 223-227 Ese RARR SUA AINOREE Pep ccs tae outa oe late) wise tole wig aa chal aati sa Wiel acl atele'sl vw lala aiau cictalels 107 PO OBESE UIE SEALE, CATES. Sec ots tes lalate vn nctiel ofa eed ataeie’ sie e/ bic wiecelS ae eh ale nes 111 HeeaW lar PROLECLORS? TECORG 3 o01¢ 23.35 45S bios eo ees’ tacis we eid ts ese Sete 212-220, 224 eSWIES) OF “PFOGECU GIONS ioietsio oct io ts'e) ss vciciels 2:6 shed orga a sins urs win's os elles © 220 PON N ASST Noo ct 3k ec oh earn O tad ate’ alison Se ch ataton ah charel oy aint he leis alesis! afeersteue tec ete 236 ules. for: HOrest Preserve tits ts) sick