ot se ~ . paseese coc peorstt sitet ise pretatete heheh ti t e rrereeupsatarers wow on te iti . . * Ee RIKER Propieereteceity Oye tt eee ie &) @ & 61S) 61 8) o +e wie Owl ele > re “ime bid! ei atm ol ee POLL il #] #1 91 1) OF 4 Lol al eiels! st roe) ure +e ] * Si oleielalaiel ear. + ee eo & ee +e /\ 4 ity peer gt Mid Af Ks Rule iY t , Sait yt } Kh i Pali ei a Ney, 1 Hy; uit , ba i any Warte Me of PAG : nano ye Rhy e if A QR AURA Whee f 1 Di i) Alar >» a nt hy iy roue 4 1 State of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations, FORTY-SECOND ANNUAL REPORT OF THE COMMISSIONERS OF INLAND FISHERIES, Compliments of the Commissioners of Inland Fisheries. PROVIDENCE, R. I. E, L, FREEMAN COMPANY, PRINTERS. 1912. State of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations, FORTY-SECOND ANNUAL REPORT OF THE COMMISSIONERS OF INLAND FISHERIES, MADE TO THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY AT ITS January Session, 1912. PROVIDENCE, R. I. EK, L, FREEMAN COMPANY, PRINTERS. LON. al) ne span COMMISSIONERS OF INLAND FISHERIES. CHARLES W. WILLARD, Westerly, President. Wituiam H. BoarpMAN, Central Falls, Vice President. Witiiam P. Morton, Providence, Secretary. ADELBERT D. Roperts, Woonsocket, Auditor. Isaac H. CLARKE, Jamestown, T'reasurer. DaniEL B. Fearine, A. M., Newport: WiLuiaM R. Roses, Tiverton. DEPUTY COMMISSIONERS. Witiiam T. Luru, Newport, Chief Deputy. JAMES HarRINGTON, Newport. J. B. ALLEN, New Shoreham. A. V. Wiuuis, New Shoreham. SUPERINTENDENT OF HATCHERY AND EXPERIMENT STATION. EARNEST W. Barnes, Wickford. oe 7, #9 ; a aa wad & , Ae wat re , shop ie DRE TA RAL MR Tat: CLR Fe OC eT AY BNE TOC Eee dat 5 + 7! y it 7 » ’ 7 , _? od ? May ; : # Pa * , ; ih yy Ma ' Ue ye Sipe “ > ae . Aw Fiat "4 — a - WS Peers ay - 4) *, He iP| CONTENTS. Pace Personnel of the Inland Fisheries Board.................... IV Ae ecncralwcport: for 1 Ollee aayemlakasncs 12 Sato eds Deen seeps ee 1 Hinancial Statement eee cone cie eed sates debe s Bes gt Cet nd Cs ee ee 4 Cuapter [. Stocking of Fresh-Water Ponds and Streams.............. 6 General’ Considerations: yu iiesia.tss a1! atstet sted totes be ee ete 6 Need: of:a-Fresh-Waterbatehery sissy SUNY ps eee ee) Ee oe 6 routrand Black Base: elOii et. At CO A erie eet Oh i Eee 7 Tandlocked, Salmon 9a temue ees 3-210 asso sia eeeko eee ae tore 8 Introduction into Rhode Island Waters. ............+.....-+-- 8 Outlme.ofNaturalphistorys «ons seems See els tei ao See 10 Carter II. Collection of Data and Statistics Relating to the Commercial ISH EPICS! Ais Ried 2 f etire NN sta, a Oe at aks Malan MORRIS Ree EIS Cor Ra emeae 12 GeneraliCondition of the Fisheries)... sss4-n aes eo tose aoe 12 Tables of Shipment of Sea Products from Newport................. 13, 14 RobstersMndustr ys i tia see eae ee ety tel Mee ERS A Pe 15 Comparative Table of Number of Pounds and Number of Pots, OOA = LOU s 21 58) anh aOR Es BO ert Area ee ah Naee So hieg xh 15 Classified Table of Number of Pounds of Lobsters, 1904-1911.... 16 Number of Boats, Pots and Men Engaged in Rhode Island, 1911.. 17 Chart showing the Extension of State Lines in Watch Hill District. ihist.o& Lobster Licenses Granted>. .-.....d.. as s0 hackeeaeseeee 18 Besta: Drawn g.3% ©. Soja eer vcta te a ish es ct aan te Mees 27 SaltaWaten Wine-Mishing seine Sopa 95. Sense bs Loh patch Berane hee Pi ish (raps; Setun Rhodetishind. 1911, . |. o.42:5./c7. sate te Seer 28 Table of Number and General Distribution since 1908........... 29 istotp rape andi Owners: AGI Oo. oC eco Ae oti aes eee 30 Blocks listened pra os Aas ts aco sac oe co Nese ena acca ae oye eae eee 30 Watch vital erase fee waste te J ccdeie : aheolamcous este etka eae 30 LOUES ne yfelad Nit: ols phe ae AR MR ea MS ne RNA ata aet mR erty Lf 30 vi CONTENTS. Chart I, Block Island Traps. Chart IJ, Watch Hill Traps. Chart III, Narragansett Bay Traps. GbherW Trager tae salah Mah Og FLL Sh Nea ho ol A Re Deep-W ater: Fishing of Newport) TOU ns 2 ek ns iecayan ole Sue ee Table VII, Calendar of Scup Season, 1905-1911................ Table VIII, Calendar of Mackerel Season, 1905-1911........... Table IX, Appearance of “Tinker” Mackerel, 1905-1911........ Table X, Catch of Squiteague in Soup Traps, 1905-1911........ Table XI, First Appearance of Various Marketable Fish in Traps Of Newport; OOS LOM leery assests ee nS: soto Meare MO La ee eee Hon. D. B. Fessing’s Collection of R. I. Fishes............... Gaapror TIT. 'Enforcementiofl, State Lawes i). 1-0 6 25 ners seater soe Wis tOMmETOSeCULIONS | sera omy vehia tes lel eee OR a eee Summary of Supreme Court Decision on Lobster License Law....... C@hanvesimad ein theslisheries|awseaciec seers cer ane okra Cuapter IV. Physical and Biological Conditions of Narragansett Bay. . Chart showing Average Weekly Temperature of Air and Sea Water at Wickford, 1911. Cuapter V. The Dissemination of Information Concerning the Aquatic IResOUTCesORit me Staite Cie yee Brae ile RRM oa ea SU a Lge pe ee CuHapTeR VI. Co-operation with other Fisheries Authorities............ Cuapter VII. Propagation of Lobsters at the Wickford Experiment REAIENO ERS Feats AS Bo al pO te SATE et Bik GB esd ees) emia ae ees Ae CuaptTer VIII. Propagation of Marine Fisheries.....................- MhesWinter Howden Pes eee a hae miata oll aac el ate eee arora APPENDIX A. The Decision of the Supreme Court in State vs. Constantine 5Qo) Sha Ysto=) rite) Ree re ONES WU Rare incase Tre An dt a dk Ai B. List of Federal and State Fisheries Authorities, 1911............ C. Titles of Special Papers Published by the Commissioners of Inlandisheriess MSO (LOUD iy shilpa iarcreeratehs re htenes aetna eaten te eer oniedee 44 45. = UR aA ee TU an Bid a a a acre tt hy ile rs ath i < Vag Hea Wa Ff) See Oy ae “a + Ah es He at a one ne | ee a TP a ‘ ae cre ae Ae ye r is os, rah A. at eo ab aay + ne ca et “\ As i a re, ene, saith be, AAP oe (iad a ee nse a Ce ee i eae oe "] Bs T du sae nhl Poem WW 8 iin vi ER Py ee Ry wat We ie Peal woe hi hast WA, hiatal Mein irae 8 i ore 4: i Me iH “ pera tk ie } » i Ores ae a i i at b iiten Sma Le Tee at. re ahd eo: 1a > ek: Mid Mina ¥ arlene Nw} avis . € A eles an } Wie: ‘ Wile | ee ta ey vid laa Aer ae a aa selene ae cf Se | PAIN Dipstervin yee Sit bias ae Ng : Pay WEY si me A va Hyp ~ coe a iv hrie . cae iN muse j Bin Soman ean ate hoor hfs aaa a a Ser Lane Gere Mitesh) i ry f | ee i aarti ula igh ertank ines : Se ‘ edad yt id se wh Ll gel aN ‘te? Ps aee rh Wieeaes DN ate 1 ani te SINT ay cia t aero i we un : rear, on ye ee een ra eos lh nian a) re , Wi a 3 ou. a , es ee Pig rsa . Dae ae ptt vi Bais, a avy iy apy ety ae : Png ; isa ei Shas M, ry i m aL P Jv at), F hey AN Nad i Me We ‘4 : re Pa aat Moy ahs | AN eed ie fae Lao * Pe qh “ wi, Lalas ii bis ire denis bs "higher ; ‘ ey ran aeiidbgwiags aes (Wat, oe oe “ ing Ay ry, ‘ : D: ‘ , ier 2. Ye Sel + A (0, aN ee na ya fh. Bey he Deir Me ; Tyee, © Ros. To the Honorable the General Assembly of the State of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations, at its January Session, 1912: The Commissioners of Inland Fisheries herewith present their forty-second annual report, for the year 1911, with such recommenda- tions and suggestions as they deem for the best interests of the fisheries industries of the State. Your Commission desires at the commencement of this report to thank the members of the assembly for the support which they have accorded this branch of work. It was indeed the confidence shown by this continued support—covering, as it does, the past forty years— that prompted your Commission, after the recent veto of their appropriation, to continue, as economically as possible, such portions of their work as would prevent great loss to the branches of the fish- eries under their jurisdiction and occasion the least waste of the money that had been already expended in preparation for the season’s work. That it was at all possible to do even this much was due to the per- sonal financial support of certain members of the Commission. It may be pointed out that weighty reasons demanded this con- tinuance of the work of the Commission. Three hundred and twenty citizens of the State had paid into the State treasury $5.00 each, making a total of $1,600.00, for licenses to catch lobsters. The law which provides that they become licensed, delegates the Commissioners of Inland Fisheries as guardians of the lobster industry and requires them to appoint deputies to enforce the laws. From this it will readily be seen that the State through its 1 2 COMMISSIONERS OF INLAND FISHERIES. Commissioners was morally obligated to protect these legally licensed lobstermen from the encroachments of the non-licensed or unscrupu- lous fishermen. Furthermore, when it is recalled that not only the laws governing the lobster industry, but those regulating many branches of the general fisheries as well are dependent for their enforcement upon the Commissioners of Inland Fisheries, the chaotic state which would have resulted in our fisheries from the failure to appoint deputies to enforce the laws can readily be imagined. The Commissioners, therefore, acting under the advice of the attorney- general and prominent members of the legislature, continued to em- ploy their deputies. As will be seen in the Chapter on the ‘“ Enforce- ment of the State Laws,’ a number of violators of the law were brought to justice. This, however, does not correctly represent the work of the deputies, as it is obviously of greater importance to pre- vent lawlessness than to punish lawbreakers. At the Wickford hatchery a continuance of a large portion of the work as a matter of economy and conservation was imperative. The egg lobsters, which had been purchased the preceding fall and had been cared for and fed through the winter in order to obtain an early supply of fry for the use of the Commissioners at their hatchery, were near the point of hatching their eggs. To have released them would have entailed a loss to the State not only in the time and expense of providing and keeping them, but in the still greater loss in the failure to conclude the experiment. At the expense of weeks of labor by the superintendent and his men, the lobster rearing plant had been overhauled and placed in readiness for the opening of the season. Additional apparatus, consisting of new gears, shafting, rafts and cars, had been added with a view of largely increasing the output of young lobsters. The launches, boats and all paraphernalia had been put in good condition. In fact the entire station had been put in such state as would amply warrant more efficient and economical opera- tion and an increase over the output of any previous year. It is necessary, each year, that all this work shall be done weeks in advance in order to handle the lobsters when their eggs are ready for hatching. COMMISSIONERS OF INLAND FISHERIES. 3 Also in order to secure the services of efficient employees during the time when the Commission needs them most, they must be hired in advance. This your Commission had done. In view of the above facts it would have been an obviously unwise and even a censorable act to have abandoned the work, discharged all employees and have allowed the buildings and apparatus to suffer from lack of care. Furthermore, the entire winter’s prepara- tory work and such experiments as had been carried on through the winter, or for even longer, would have resulted not only in loss of money expended, but also in the loss of the valuable experiments themselves. After careful consideration the Commission decided to carry on the work under somewhat restricted conditions. Employees were notified that funds were exhausted, that it would be necessary to reduce the force to the smallest possible number and that even those retained would continue largely at their own risk as the Commis- sioners would be able to advance from their private fund only a portion of their salary. Under this arrangement the superintendent and one man was retained throughout the season as absolutely nec- essary and during the height of the season another assistant was employed for a time. No egg lobsters were thereafter received, excepting such as were voluntarily furnished to the Commission by the fishermen themselves who assumed all risk of payment therefor. These, with the lobsters that were carried through the winter and such as were purchased prior to the veto of the appropriation fur- nished the eggs for the obviously restricted use of the hatchery. A detailed account of the year’s work of the Commission will be found under the different headings* in the main body of the report, and has followed the usual lines, subject to the restrictions mentioned above. As a very brief summary of the work it may be said that: *A table of contents will be found in the front of this report which will greatly facilitate the finding of special topics. 4 COMMISSIONERS OF INLAND FISHERIES. Approximately eighty million flatfish fry were hatched at the Wickford station and liberated in suitable waters of the State. Three hundred thousand lobsters, in round numbers, were reared to the bottom-seeking stages. Twenty thousand landlocked salmon eggs for which arrangements had been made prior to the veto of the appropriation, were hatched, reared to the fingerling stage and distributed in suitable lakes in the State. Your Commission is very much pleased at the recent decision of the supreme court sustaining the constitutionality of the lobster license law. (A brief summary of this decision will be found in the report under the heading “Enforcement of State Laws,’ and a re- print of the decision will be found in the appendix at the close of the report.) Occasion is here taken to thank the New York, New Haven and Hartford Railroad Company for its courtesy in granting free trans- portation of fry and messengers. The financial statement for the year 1911 is as follows: State of Rhode Island in account with the Commissioners of Inland Fisheries. DEBIT. 1911. Mar. 15. To expenses of the Commissioners from Jan- Marvel Conran Gh lb ioe kite ee tee heat $200 80 To expenses and services of deputies under the law from January 1 to March 15.......... 394 75 To expenses at laboratory from January 1 to Whar clrshas co tibee yn coe ae a tek tekk cak eras ee eae 557 39 $1,152 94 COMMISSIONERS OF INLAND FISHERIES. D CREDIT. 1911. Mar. 15. By received from the State Treasurer........ $1,152 94 Amount received for 321 lobster licenses, at $5.00 each, as per receipts from the State Treasurer.. 1,605 00 Respectfully submitted, CHAS. W. WILLARD, WILLIAM H. BOARDMAN, DANIEL B. FEARING, ADELBERT ROBERTS, ISAAC H. CLARKE, WM. P. MORTON. 6 COMMISSIONERS OF INLAND FISHERIES. CHAPTER I. THE STOCKING OF PONDS AND STREAMS WITH FRESH- WATER FISHES. In view of the moderate amount of money that has been expended in past years for restocking the lakes, ponds and streams of the State, and for the enforcement of protective laws, your Commission believes that the fresh-water fisheries will compare favorably with those of adjoining states. Aside from the amount paid for the annual dis- tribution of brook trout, no money has been expended in the purchase of fresh-water fishes for many years. However, through the courtesy of the United States Bureau of Fisheries in furnishing several con- signments of black bass, and through the personal efforts of members of the Commission who from time to time have transferred adult fish from one pond or stream to another, other species besides the brook trout have received wide distribution with very gratifying results. SYSTEMATIC INVESTIGATION OF OuR FRESH-—WATER. Your Commission believes that the time has come when a more systematic investigation should be made of the fresh-water fisheries of Rhode Island with a view to the introduction into our ponds and streams of such species as will furnish not only sport to the angler, but will also provide a supply of food fish for the large and constantly increasing army of working people to whom a few pounds of fish caught after the day’s work is over, means, besides the pleasure and recreation, a saving of the price of a meal for the family. A FrRESH-WATER HatTcHERY NEEDED. With the exception of Rhode Island, all of the New England States own their hatcheries for one or more varieties of fresh-water fishes. Your Commission does not believe it necessary, expedient, or a matter of economy for the State to own and operate a hatchery for brook COMMISSIONERS OF INLAND FISHERIES. é trout, as the American Fish Culture Co., at Carolina, R. I., owns one of the best equipped and most successful trout hatcheries in the country and has always made favorable terms to the Commission for its annual requisitions of fish for restocking purposes. In regard to black bass, however, the situation is entirely different. The Commission receives annually many requests for distribution of this very valuable species of food fish, but the majority of these requests could not be granted owing to the extreme difficulty in obtaining anywhere near an adequate supply. Nearly all the govern- ment and commercial black bass hatcheries are located at remote distances and, considering prices for fish of suitable size and expenses of transportation, the outlay is almost prohibitive. Your Commission believes that if the State could own or lease a small pond near to its Experiment Station so that the supervision and necessary work could be done by our superintendent and his employees, a comparatively small initial outlay and annual expendi- ture would provide an output of young black bass and perch that would be ample for present needs. With the increasing popularity of outdoor pursuits—of which fishing plays an important part—and with the growing facilities of trolleys, automobiles, motorcycles, etc., affording easy access to remote ponds, comes the necessity for extra effort along the lines of propagation and restocking and the need of rigid enforcement of protective laws. TROUT AND BLACK BASS IN 1911. It has been the custom of your Commission to expend annually a portion of its appropriation for the restocking of the streams and lakes of the State with trout and black bass. While the Commission is still of the opmion that such expense is fully warranted, yet, owing to the lack of appropriation of funds and to the fact that there would be no actual moneyed loss to the State by omitting this work, it was early decided that this branch of work would not be continued this. year. 8 COMMISSIONERS OF INLAND FISHERIES. It is confidently expected that the usual natural increase in black bass in those waters which have been stocked by your Commission will be considerably augumented by the changes in the State law that were recommended by the Commission and were passed at the last session. This change protects both the immature and the spawn fish by restricting the legal length to those over ten inches and making it illegal to possess black bass between January Ist and July 1st. LANDLOCKED SALMON. INTRODUCTION INTO RHODE ISLAND WATERS. As early as 1876 an attempt was made by your Commission to introduce landlocked salmon into Rhode Island waters: Since then occasional efforts (about six in number) have been made, the last in 1900. That these attempts were not attended with as good results as might be desired was due, no doubt, to two general reasons. In the first place, requiring, as this fish does, low temperature of water and suitable inlets, few ponds or lakes in Rhode Island seem to possess these qualities. On the other hand, occasional catches have revealed the fact that some of the fish which were planted have lived and thrived and perhaps it is not unjust to say that our local fishermen have not employed suitable methods of capture. At any rate your Commission was not convinced that the experiments had been as thorough as possible. It was therefore decided late in 1910 to make another attempt, using the fingerling size, instead, as was most often the case in previous attempts, of using fry. Twenty thousand eggs were obtained through the courtesy of the United States Bureau of Fisheries and were hatched and reared to fingerlings with small loss by the American Fish Culture Company. These were distributed to those ponds which seem best adapted to the requirements of landlocked salmon. With the hope of creating interest in this fish and for the benefit of those who are not acquainted with its peculiarities, a cut is inserted and a few general facts are given in regard to its habits and natural history. COMMISSIONERS ILI r ‘UOULLeS W—"T OF INLAND FISHERIES. 10 COMMISSIONERS OF INLAND FISHERIES. THE LANDLOCKED SALMON. (Salmo salar sebago). PuatTE No. 1. “The old salmon of the sea who begat thee long ago in these inland waters became a backslider, descending again to the ocean, and grew gross and heavy with coarse feeding. But thou, unsalted salmon of the foaming floods, not land-locked as men call thee, but choosing of thine own free will to dwell on a loftier level in the pure, swift current of a living stream, hath grown in grace and risen to a better life.” —HENRY Van DYKE. A Variety of the Atlantic Salmon.—The landlocked salmon is gen- erally conceded, at the present time, to be a variety of the Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar), and not a distinct species. In fact, so slight and uncertain are the structural differences between the two forms, that descriptive text books either avoid a statement or give only general differences. Among these the most pronounced are: Absence, in the landlocked form, of the instinct to migrate to the sea. The adult of the landlocked variety is smaller than the Atlantic adult and resembles quite closely the “grilse’”’ or adolescent stage of the Atlantic salmon with the tail usually a little wider and the dorsal or back fin somewhat higher. The coloring is a little more pronounced in the landlocked speci- mens and when they are fresh from the water the sheen on the back and sides is much greater. It has often been pointed out that the differences are such as might have been brought about by a somewhat unnatural confinement in fresh water. The usually accepted theory is that long ago some natural phenomena barred the return of the salmon to the sea and in consequence of this necessitated change of habits and environ- ment, the differences between them and the parent form were brought about. It is pointed out that the habits of the Atlantic salmon in ascending as it does almost impassible falls in order to reach fresh COMMISSIONERS OF INLAND FISHERIES. Vali water and spawn, coupled with the fact that the fry pass the first year or two of their life in fresh water, would make such a landlocking possible. In mining operations on the Pacific coast the Pacific salmon have often been artificially landlocked and in these cases have lived and spawned. On the other hand in certain lakes where the landlocked salmon exist that are not at the present time cut off from the sea, there seems to be no evidence that such interruption of water passage has taken place, and it is often difficult to see just how such conditions could occur. Geographical Distribution—The only known natural occurrences of landlocked salmon are in the lakes of North Eastern America and certain lakes in Sweden. In the United States they are found only in the lakes of Maine and are known as the Schoodic or Sebago landlocked salmon. The Canadian form differs a little from the Maine variety, and is known as the “ouananiche.”’ The Sebago salmon has been quite widely distributed throughout New England by artificial introduction. Habitat—The clear cool water of deep lakes is the environment most adapted to the landlocked salmon. They have been known to endure a temperature of over 80°, but refused to eat when the tem- perature became over 75°. Reproduction.—The spawning season occurs between October and November. The fish usually select a place where the water is shallow and rapid and the bottom gravelly. In different lakes both incoming and outgoing currents have been selected. The eggs are heavy and non-adhesive and are slightly over one-quarter inch in diameter. The average number of eggs per fish is about 1,500, and many as 4,000 to 5,000 have been obtained from one fish. The eggs hatch in about 169 days at a temperature of 37°. Food. Carnivorous. Usually insects and small fish. Size. The average size is about three pounds. The largest on record was a male caught at Sebago Lake which was said to weigh 27 pounds. 12 COMMISSIONERS OF INLAND FISHERIES. Game Qualities. As a game fish the landlocked salmon is said to surpass the larger Atlantic salmon and give splendid sport to the fly fisherman as “they jump high and often and are very strong for their size.’”’ Nearly all sportsmen who are experienced with them attest the fact that they are wise and wary. The same flies and tactics cannot always be relied upon. ‘Trolling with the ‘phantom minnow,” or with the “‘spoon,”’ must often be resorted to. The best time for fly fishing for landlocked salmon is in the early spring. CHAPTER II. THE COLLECTION OF DATA AND STATISTICS RELATING TO THE COMMERCIAL FISHERIES. Your Commission has spared no effort to make the data contained in this chapter as accurate as possible. It must however be borne in mind that some of the data is far from complete. It is regrettable that some such legislation as exists in neighboring states has not been passed in our State that will make this valuable portion of the work of the Commission complete and accurate. Numerous requests, both from this country and abroad, have been received, requesting data in regard to the commercial fisheries of Rhode Island, and while we have replied as best we could, still, in certain cases, our answers were only approximately correct. GENERAL CONDITION OF THE FISHERIES. In general, the fishing season in Rhode Island waters was very poor in 1911. Among the “‘stub”’ trap fishermen within the bay the season started well, but the catches soon diminished. Off Newport the appearance of various fishes was late and although there was a considerable variety, the runs were not very large. Around Block Island, swordfish and bluefish were more plentiful this year COMMISSIONERS OF INLAND FISHERIES. 13 than usual and in the latter part of the summer the horsemackerel could be seen leaping out of the water almost any day. The following tables of the shipment of sea products from Newport are submitted as heretofore: TaBLeE [. Table Showing the Amount of Fish, Lobsters, and Other Sea Products Shipped Monthly from Newport by the Principal Transportation Companies During the Year 1911. | ; qd | . g ag | n S fo) = Fy = = > =. | leone [obo lee [a lee ieee ed cy vary GH fo) a O ° =] ay ° oH oy ny to) ° ° ° Pa |e | re, ° ° = ° ° ° n n a n 9 |ng| 2 2 nD 2 D D n a) Oo QA P| Ge WSS s SN eT oe ie | SS q q | zB =| | z 3 5 B 5 aI q 5 a a a a e S 3 a a FS a) O)/A|4 At 4} a) a |}4);a}al|A aaa 6 Gee ae 871 8 90, | ! alls | JENS) onADEieatan 5) | Pan TA ENE LE Cie 587 10 94 Marche itera. mii. 5 at 7464 2 Sera Ui tate aot Viaryetis\ hss devel Sachs lisse orchese | (ape san Pepe PASI ly eee oe Chancho ites 1,196 154 42, 6]. Visi Mecha ete ied stad 2 10,303 2433 4 OP ee eltonion|lnane GS}. a betsy <:\ Gi eee a 12,6593) 4432 8]. Sins 1 4 9} 86 cH es ee | 2.8113] 676 | 15]. 18) 6|. Dhl wesazlahenl, PATI SUS tem wah sycietttarsS 2,0273|. 5884 8). 40} 31] 3 1S aie MEPLeEMbery sh acces ah. 3,261 2354 9) 45 3) U5: 2 6) 2). Octoberceas79 aoe eras 2,644 68 2| 97 6 wt We 30 |e November: 28 ..5<). s.c-- 14645 i) ce ee 1) 198 P 4). Bp letras December 54045... 1,168 8 Ul petess} 8 i Total, year 1911....| 39,141 | 2,2814) 50} 726) 56) 79] 32) 44] 29} 509 4) 71 1 14 COMMISSIONERS OF INLAND FISHERIES. TaBLe No. 2. ° Table Showing Shipment of Fish, Lobsters, and Other Sea Products from Newport for the Last Twenty-five Years. | | a | & Hieie | i 5 gh en fo | 3 FE B | a [6/6 jolale (eee e ica) S| gle a | 4 |\éladaldidle lala |alalalal a isle | igual Sail ial REA aaa jects Teer: es 16,657, 834 |...|.....| NE ce beste all al: ale : BB AE ge 0a) Meio L |My ea AN ha lea | Oat a NGSDL Ohi, 44 HAC 19 1081); 270477) Vs Mice) lal Cab i eie) Pom Peart ok : BOON (ita? Ol 8,933] 2,650 |...|.....|...| Cee AM Ih. | a Lie hash SOME eres. 18,032, 2,204 Ieee HE AI OM ease |. pal (aia Panini ht ea ee 26,832) 2,193 |...|.....|... alr epee il Fa eet Hwa PROS Mee. 24,459| 1,309 |...|.....|.-- alee HRS co Ne east Latte 1804) ee 17,769| 2,392 |.:.|..... eae pi Teepe envaealiae We eee is aa PSP eas LV Ma on av ad . cles | aga ne 20,425) 1,728 |...|-----|--- FSS) ofa aba Sse Lee alae haa re Be a amare es: 52,098| 2,039 |...].....]... Ab 0S al TUNE Ee ee eae pease iin: | 34,065) 1,163 |...|..... 74|. Reais eat BOE 2 | 84,917) 4,143 |...}..... ie 162 ak Ldn aces Te) 88,184) 4,793 |...|..... | 166). ERR EAB lc ie NOOR BO'500| 43803 he shige cet iM ol 21 ee ee a ea sles TORN wes, 53,986) 4,342 1\. TPG lie | sed ese ial cee | Tapaene et: 54,384) 1,474 84 164| 11| 79| AG: Beatle ie T0441 UL, 62,106) 1,921 45| 8|. 554 B86) C0. ele oa alee A905 Vita 50,127, 977 122) 80) 3| 23| 723] 26| 91 Ue ie Pam HOGG here ee 60,855| 1,3064/233| 17| 15| 2) 6| 811; 11) 40] 2| 12) a|..| 122 MOOTAEY | Wis 59,674] 1,529 |...| 322| 12| 8] 24) 263/ 13] 112) 1) 12). 18. HOOS)s5 uae | 48,814) 2.5173) 287|/231 a) 2) .198| 92) 183)\n6) ValedlesW wwelae HOO. recy 46,031| 3,2524|...| 145] 14|..) 29] 61| 6] 21 5). 673 TOE Ee 53,154, 427 |...| 112| 58|..| 5] 38} 17) 47] 5| 87 794| 42) 5 HOLM n 39,141) 2,2813). 50| 29|..| 4} 509) 56} 79) 44) 32). 726| 71 Yeo Rem at Pe et Ae PM OO RIE Total... ..../ 930,097/ 55,226 233) 1,185 239 13112) 4,011) 143, 898 173/101, 218] 2,323)113) 6 ratte snl | COMMISSIONERS OF INLAND FISHERIES. 15 THE LOBSTER INDUSTRY. The lobster season of 1911 was slightly better than that of 1910. (See Tables III, IV and V, on pages 15, 16 and 17). Not only was this true with reference to the total number of pounds marketed—which was approximately 60,000 pounds greater than in 1910—but was noticeable also in the average number of pounds per lobster pot. In spite of the fact that there was an increase of over 1,200 pots set this past year, there was a gain of one pound per pot. Bait wasa serious problem, especially in the early part of the season on account of the scarcity of “trash fish’’ in the traps. The following tables have been compiled from data furnished for the greater part by William T. Luth, Chief Deputy Lobster Com- missioner, and at the conclusion of these a list of the licensed lobster- men is given as prescribed by law: TABLE III. Table Comparing the Number of Pounds of Lobsters, Number of Pots, and Average Number of Pounds Per Pot, for the Years 1904-1911. Total t Average ) YEAR. Catch in | Newport. | Number of Number of Pounds. | Pots. ound, TICS OY Ean A Bales a A AN TA Meet 376,994 226,994 7,935 45 AG OS mre re ea Nee ea sci. 5.> Pe em eines 449, 300 301,659 9,180 48 AQOUMERS eas oer esos hai RRO Ge ate EY 671,914 353,573) 11,355 59 IGT OAs sa oe baie Med Cee San ae ae 929,423 581,189 12,104 76 DO Sree Ae hace coil ye eae hc ke rox dhe Ab olact Santo hee eo res 1,471,344 665,009 20,011 13 SOD eee sta ek Ae: Omen ae = Te A 1,342,983 757,837 23,220 57 DOL eere aes en Eee teers anc 8, ade a eh eke ae cs sus 833,683 489,815. 22,091 37 UBB eer espa cytur ot ets athlon: (bana de pala eyare ONaiceaes 891,886 513,076) 23,294 38 16 COMMISSIONERS OF INLAND FISHERIES TABLE LV. The Number of Pounds of Lobsters Caught in Rhode Island for the Years 1904-1911. Fish MARKETS. 1904. 1905. 1906. 1907. 1908. 1909. 1910. 1911. Newport (wholesale)..... 147,494 | 179,427) 245,860) 472,575) 524,746) 572,705) 351,675) 390,702 (retail) repo oecereieis is acs 79,500) 122,232, 107,713 |108,614| 100,263) 185,132) 148,140} 132,374 Sakonnet (wholesale).....|....... 97,641| 163,341] 193,243} 191,218) 191,731) 67,038) 63,000 Tiverton (wholesale)......|....... EPA es ek ine PCRS ats Ae 286,724) 91,107) 60,785] 84,000 Block Island (wholesale) } Narragansett Pier, | (wholesale)........ \ 150,000, 100,000; 155,000} 155,000|........ ERIE rms OR ono c Watch Hill (wholesale).. | | Point Judith (wholesale) | Block Island (wholesale)..|....... laet are | ern ae liens eve oko 248,330} 236,000} 160,300} 159,000 Point Judith (wholesale). | Watch Hill (wholesale).. | |....... | Ae iS SISTA eN ee | eiles Stone sted beeey eve anaees 66,318} 54,800) 92,810 Narragansett Pier, (wholesale)........ | 376,994, 499,300) 671,914) 929,432)1,391,281) 1,342,993) 833,683) 891,886 Po \ oo o RHODES FOLLY BEACON b Block Bucy 6 Block Bivy ic DENNISONS ROCKS BUY O Red Bory ——— STONINGTON LIGHT LITTLE NARRAGANSETT BAY LATIMERS REEF—NORTH BUOY (HORIZONTAL STRIPED) WATCH HILL LIORT WICOPESSET ROCK 4 Watch Hill Reef Spindle wieopesser 1sLavDS é Suyar Ref Spindle o CATUMB ROCKS BEACON Chart showing Extension of State Lines in Watch Hill District. Hibs Naty! i OA i iat t iy, ia: f Y COMMISSIONERS OF INLAND FISHERIES. 17 TABLE V. Number of Pots, Boats and Men Engaged in Lobster Fishing in the State of Rhode Island for 1911. LocaTIon. Men. Boats. | Pots. OCS UST ATI 5 toy ae anys cc veh PRR Ne oh sentra Sek Cree o islaueva ate 24 67 41 | 9,825 STIS UO lactated oie ove} ie ci 1s (sy ha) scans Spee adhe ese toy aiirvay atae ters’ baila ios ahay cake akan tore 7 5 248 GAS tle SEI Neat 5 (5 oc. 5 fe cit rayne Say ope achive sie ous ahs oxey aparaies ote se Ges 1 31 30 MO ATES tO WINS hs 3.2, oe: 2:sSig-foh PREC hate toes adel aa) acs er tepetenene i eheaoj a 4 3. 120 ROO TNNITT CU Ghat cee) ota s 2.0. ayo 6) ieee es shen eesos, cera ateyetstey «yore ere eeeoney otal eye [eve 1 1 | 60 TDYIN SAT ENC r es OS RR Proce ba e'o, cclo CIs oe Period TORIC OCIS eta eiee 1 1 | 20 Ja IP TSIVINiG) oe, rR I EORRDLO ES) 2298 aor mo ARC EEeer ann Ob ate 2 2 130 PU AIMERE OWE oi) oh3 1s, eras wees ark ie CGNs hers Ste ee She valaye si sd Separates Sater 12 ‘11 511 TrttlexG@ompton's.. ).7..212\uk Assy ot oro rae oe Oe ocasteae olovacs ioe a a eacaerers 9 Sait 515 [TSI S/S Rec SOL COE”, MORO A 5 B iibe faee INFRERAT ANSE REP ETELS ac oo Rial auree he) Seer ee Re eH Ser ete) aise b ae eee ape 20 | 18 | 1,405 INVES OMe che eyeiane Gite ced iesete ster ai hake Pte cha oeke ren hn RARER eRe an Iets orete ates 120 | 86 | 6,306 AO Sn SCA CH sya cg r-ys coun gp ea Pier Eb Jee ea cite erento | 2 | 2 125 WIPER COC AICN EE yo fend wisreda, Pi (ns goes ee tae ee Chee Cereb ae elope: 2 | 120 Re ORESIG GUILD eters ous. ceeen aicteycah Sia heed gr fast Die one Ok NERV te veneered vete ete 5 5 205 HET VALET COs cain, s, aye, Yop fn ote ih aha axe: hues tyder iol $ a HEN RU RENN OTE PoP ROS 1 1 30 EMUIGEN Gey ESlamclml,, eA bs it cat sce tials stele sean mamercie ah cvent stare a hanaey 4 3 105 SS AIC OTS GHEOLIL Deeper saute or havas A alse ope 2 ot carahehs See AMER Sue tethered oe 2 2 160 BS UTI ELS LOW Iwas oh crests ate al nti che =m Marea a apa cl a eager et sts Sim 5 322 BRI erbOTIeee ne psc ia: nyl, Site soja ya “ya.tolatn ifeh oe tatite eat pe Ne NS calc wes tabs eel ale oveet 7 6 420 NVVIEUIC CELE LC epee sgn 8S. evs ae WANS ae ey ap A Suef teva SN ee Veep ese yet elednt as eet ateye 13 8 895 VIVE) asd ae od Re eo eet te eg at ne 10 6 365 Wrereclig Ein ony cctbx pte pebet « ol alte iledss sy cheno ekaueich oye syohewsersite aie siccsielabe, bas 1 1 30 WVIESLOLLUP Pen Rtn nO es AS aes te tee ga Watain Mm tro bra Siaetoreconeiet sis een ae 15 155 1,110 RVC ELT CRA fensy ars: aite Perel eect eke oo aiete, ove aM sie, Ssh ole aheile have dhertve Seats, alortys 3 2 55 BOGAN etpsyoisge Ss cvtetehars teallers aim & sia) sav Ohi aveus, ove ohwiare.sie is! slelstavh wtals 321 240 23,294 *In addition to these about ten boats were fishing just beyond the three mile limit. The bulk of their lobsters were brought into Rhode Island. 3 18 License No. CLEA Oh asp a cae ot oe WwwWwWwwwWwWwWwWwWWNNNN NNN ND BB BB BH HS He SNOR HN ESHAAKRHNESNAPHAR WN AS w COMMISSIONERS OF INLAND FISHERIES. List of Lobster Licenses Granted in 1911. Name. Location. Joseph Te atom a8 4) bors ba oe ee Saunderstown. Tosepin a. Mabon diy. uve) an eee ane if menry 1 batileheld jie... 2 el Oran se ee Block Island. Wiretor ID eiGrayion ese. eerietet Neen Tiverton. RO UOOIE EIR! DC ty hy gaa aa SE I ce ese WalltanimabheiDodoes o oco 22 fee see Block Island. NG OMS SHS RSRITE IN eek ih eRe ele 5 ] EASA VE Va TTT Eee) Se ee Mone cf Bs oie ey cme IHS OGRE yess Sela es ema ener ve oy Prentice A. anphear : i 2a eee ce Westerly. Wallour Hiwan WModee v.28 seyiae Lele Block Island. George Addison Roseesci.5 04 Aue eee ee Daniel MEAT hompsomy: .202. cine ee eee Prudence Island. ERIK CNV sh MMUNG HN Ge. 0, oss iene Lon vend dips Saget Block Island. OO rar tha Len eed alae geek san lip Ban cnc ehr neal) f RSs A ii ee (28 01S) (0 EN RS A = 1 PR WANSHA Gi (0): <1 ea. ee A ai MRIS We Li UR na “ Jonm WW cittlefield e008 ier sta oe y HOUSE a MOOGRENN 8 licintY 1s VCR We aaa at a oe i Orme Mitehellesy et suk ie, el vmne eaten Py Simeon pA Pa Maye eee Ren ee ey Bs IVETE AVN MUTT Pater Seay timc Re aN Ree aot a st Tohannes! aco OSOMm 45 ula. 4. eleas ee arose ce Dial atena Wl Drool sc oft Mieeg MMR a MME RU Denial Al Aas is PAO AT CMEMSINOT: soi cine i cal sie trek kid eke aoe a SUN OMASUNOMIS Ay iaacaicra lest siento vie Bene Salas Warren. Christian“Nickelsonk v2 s)he boat ate wee Block Island. wa elnGvAn mmm ee cts hak eee ee a ae a os Hesste VAC MWR tine ie ah hee ay tis toe eet ey ae os pamiuel i) Dickens oe ae Nea ieee he ArthuniG) DiGkeng. iol) Wee ree) Eien oe e Albert) Si Teleies soi (ne lh ee Ee, Waele i License No. 39. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45, 46. 48. 49, 53. 54, 55. 58. 59. 60. 61. 62. 63. 64. 65. 67. 68. 69. TA. 72. 73. COMMISSIONERS OF INLAND FISHERIES. 19 Name. Edgar Littlefield . Wilson 1) a Miaine: yeas» os ect EAI Gust Anderson... John Anderson. . Werchar Earl: Berkman es eons oes Dee Christian Francis Stannos Janitos.. Park A. Slate... . ievang, TP. Wathanieyse st) ions.) cates. = ete Edward Evanson Joseph Tomelsk. . Willard Ph ivinGehell eee Ad ob hook David. Ay Motehielieew ee se sie is OY, Irving A. Ball... Thaddeus A. Ball mony AC Dickens «© mien! Selsshs gore teetioe Joshua Smith... . Emanuel Allen.. . Roswell Mitchell. Howard Wiley... ifyman’ Hall) 52). H. Atmore Smith O56] ) 6. © elie! 10) 0) we (alee. efehis 0-0. .¢ emma x Location. Block Island. Warren. Block Island. Westerly. Block Island. (a9 . Narragansett Pier. Newport. Block Island. (a9 Newport. Block Island. Newport. Westerly. Wakefield. 20 COMMISSIONERS OF INLAND FISHERIES. License N 0. Name. Location. BA ECHAEG: SbeAGMAM: Ubi) 5 (Oe ae k\elaras iets Block Island. SOM SSTIAS HITE M EL ul Wu eM tibal Ne Ge eM? at CG A ge ck Soo Charles iene eens ck eue ie fle 6 0S gaa of Sia Wo ob cider ti Sr ae ge Ma lp inc NSiar Yl Newport. 85.) Mme resMPAMIASCUS'.) oe uo. cies Oo Wee eee an SOM PIGCORV ES EAMIALOS, 6.05 1d) vious shies ouy.6 oe le AN 4 SONAR Oisvere MS iaid D nid tds) Ao et A nea A eR Wakefield. He ORCAT HC MKSGPAS Olina eval » seem de ok OD berm al yh (AO OCC rs)! 2) o\ cto cles Needs, eva mien eu Block Island. 5 .e: VOMNPAGIE BDA wee ee Le lala wiane Mike aa Newport. OAs (IG CQURe HIM W Mia 2 s(n Ae iA eae “ OS CNVinkbers DPN Mey onary 5 clean, x lel cuar ss 2 eyiieg sepa ef OG un memet ewe vai 2 UCAS ce Ua oI ede Aaa 4 IMAI 6 hi 216 FE 0 ON Bh ifod eh AN as a CAG Bi of b= HF a ae aM ae ER Le AN is CON MP een AMGTE WS.) 64. ener eae ets aka e Aare i HOW rete alMerays, 2 susie vise tae ee wie ae yale ieee a ROM beerikles 3 00ras ! .2)a2).! sc.) alee siete ope i LO2s VO OMMACGMISOLAS «iis. Mieke setae een anes Meee ‘ HOS nakcakis Reartakisesia) Os. late l eeden ete * 104. \),mvesteome Fi. (Peabody i452. 2 lole eco spbien Middletown. POA eCe ky AMGersOI ye Pi ok Bhi cP elena, chia eae ee Newport. Re MNicholad ‘Alexamadre wii). sina y chia baie ‘ 108.’ Anthony Miatinianos Ye. 0 sist sa) Men alae a LOOM Ace arm Violets. ok. ariulan: sateen itieuie wees LINC ai Fea Gil UN Crh oa ne Rae mM ODT a teh ee) Jamestown. Poles NohniB eShermanian. i orouier wel ean Peacedale. 112. F Jerome BP CES QUE fyi eric ce corte He Newport. 113. " James P. FICNNESSEV. 8. oc hike i ces Oa Peacedale. DUA Hohn aGhmsainl. hk aiwanh le a mimeitetaate maa Newport. 115.*/’Augustus CAS WELD ee ic Wn. eee Oe ks And os Ee "i 116. ¢ TRA GreuSMIRGHO KH ice ens doce) as Mint a ee Narragansett Pier. B74 Jonni AalGox 6 le) Was ine MUON ie Little Compton 1.9'9))) Niteholas imo cota aa). eo aateees oer etsh. aeeanee Newport. License No. 120. 121. 122. 123. 124. 125. 127. 128, 129. 130. 131. 132. 133. 134. 135. 136. 137. 138. 139. 140. 141. 142. 143. 144, 145. 146. 148. 150. 151. 152. 153. 154. 156. COMMISSIONERS OF INLAND FISHERIES. Fl | Name. Location. CeErsen Wap TOpE vho vere Mele ise Oy socal ede Wake Prudence Island. 1 Lee eg) DHT 070 a a OS ind Saunderstown. Pe eubGCL SON. teehee es rf Aarne oY IVES TGCTSON Seige pense <<). 4.0 sis suet 2 ng Arcites(.” MattersOnminnis toe. . echersitonnie ls fe ewis Miller. eee gels tS 0 ai Di i Mrronvas: Nickerson sect. 65 scot andre Meats Sakonnet Point. ramie-W. Parmele, ye 20 ee wae? Castle Hill. Gry eAtv alone: Smet Pein lait bath Py Newport. dparsh. Grinnelterays octyl ie r Jackel: Norankame feet. 5 oe. > jae acaatte Portsmouth. Amaasay JohNSOnM ie. 08 o.c56ok ona ey ah ee Jamestown. @harles Lee Pendleton...) 300 ye v3 Bristol. iNncholas Jultas? ee -o ee ko) eo es ae Newport. AZaTUsS BYOWe ah ent ye ake ete e Nicholas: Mataronasie.:. 20.0). oe «eae iH DomotanissOomouariseyn ci. ce Awe eee - Vast AS ELANOS Ss fre. cece in ene Nak. thea! u Bs Baarhee se) Se Re sek tes Miles ha Neo, 3 John Giomis': 22'S) wat AL ee kee. si ioe ae it OMEN OLEH. Sk Ly ee ene OR af yh els fithomas Jaiies* 000% he Se ee bor be lA Oi Brame AM en? 4 2 330 6 era aes Aa ees ay Block Island. Vhamrea Vale te... 2/2 lA y aR yg O88, tele Newport. belo dese almer:(.2 ents uaa ie he i Ni aD Rune larch Guerie q eee SP aan . 4 uirane intone = % 7 \ kindy | *Id TIIH Naguo ® \ ca g “812075 e et UsxTeT ( A AMIDA yi u uv NARRAGANSETT BAY. Showing the location of Fish Traps for 1911, CHART U1, 2 NT HOPE Tater 0 Pak Cetret ny way earit Napes Tra ee Waschind Sterns @ if v Sanford a € Cook Rose 4 Meetand bem Ron! Coeret Pub Wow Malet Falner neo neo Maneteter > = ze S Onin 5S tena tren = aw ie i lo Lees lire. @, King & Waa! gs { Suit t Pare] @@ "gO Aldrih & Cs Ory ' “ Wa « Wau © Lewis Hse Wau ne Reabary 1M ea Sul & Piero Of Levis tue ith Afr atanchewer ‘Brow Gry feeiviie ©) Aedirme 5y & Mann Wal & Wou, Keiko Ep MW Lou (eo wy = Pr = Seal) = & Gorey & Martin Aimy FS 5 = = 08) tierwn 5 OG Omy ®).,, tomes Cory Martin t . a sre t Martin 4 Mowebar Can overe e ° Sirs = { J Wile @ © Su Canton Se Blern e Wo Gg, Rew © Corpenter = Newpirl (A Siorage Oo Norte ® % 0 + wey Newport Cold Strage Co, @ ony @ ©. Kuterimde~ @ Anderoon ac © Sherman Lasts © ° herma * ° ° Grinnell @ Sabuanet Opa wis ¢ . Wik @ Morwaler & Niteroon @ 'o i cI micant) © Firighiman Subanaal Oi @ Soden | cera © Wee 2 ° ° Macomber & Nuberven Allanic Trapping COOP"Y @ ° ° Newport Cult Swraps Os @ | Sabynael Oper Co. @ ° Fab Stat Os @ Nipor Cobl Siovoge Con @ © dante Trapping Comp ° Mecontar & Nudrom @ © Masamter & Nuberave 2 Tripping Company . > pat ata Co \ POINT JubITH hy Andernn ® © ee Rew eee 2 ae | prance at 3 Mes eat) 1 fi ek hie oni pa COMMISSIONERS OF INLAND FISHERIES. 31 Teanga a celde] BY orcee (BU) Jaen a ee Southeast Seal Rock. @ampemier Grae cree ase ee ilews deena eet es Narragansett Pier. Cannell \Georse.(OW)\nra tate ce ce, le dte wh cake ls od South Seal Rock. Hasteroroolks (©. (OMe wer ee ates can ele ed nok cae c's Price’s Neck. SHEL OLUACO. « 3).2k ae ume eit ere Seale» eRe a Southeast Seal Rock. Bristle bts. CO: sca eee eee eee rie Soke ES South Sakonnet Light. Girciiy, 1210 sa Pe Otel Oat i eee Hast Sachuest Point. (GEES BX) MIMI = ces cee een West Sakonnet Light. REMC UE: .:. ce Orsi Sasa! West Cormorant Rock. HEcEAMEO IME. < -.\, SMPRnaN ae Nal cual ea cris ait South Cormorant Rock. Galeat (1 e7e) el Rm) Sy can eg ie er Sakonnet Light. iMiacomber& Nickerson: 2/4. 054x052 .545 bank South of Pier. Macomber & Nickerson (00)................. Southeast Seal Rock. Macomber & Nickerson: oi. ic5s.c04 35s ee! South Seal Rock. Macomber & Nickerson (00000000)......... South Sakonnet Light. Menacen.. & Bowman)... f..255 45 dee che a Breakwater, Sakonnet. Newport Cold Storage Co. (00).............. Southeast Seal Rock. Newport Cold Storage Co... 5 22.2 ss5.. oes Southeast Seal Rock. Newport, Cold Storage Co... 522.0. dees South Sakonnet Light. Newport Cold Storage Co. (00)............ West Cormorant Rock. Newport Cold Storage Co................ South Cormorant Rock. veer eli aTitiel ee...) .)2 oes ajcpdert steers Blea Third Beach, Newport. ROSE ROCOL& Eis a (or 3 Fs ats silat cha ae South Sakonnet Light. RODG CORTE! to- 5 25.5. Galante eee South Cormorant Rock. Dakonnetmiver Oyster Co: (OO)sirs sett: sae si. see Seal Rock. Saonmet kiver Oyster Gon sis. teed ak nde sans lla Seal Ledge. wakonmet River Oyster Colic... 02. fe. oo Southeast Seal Rock. SIAVSYEGOIE Wiss WINe Raa ROR ROME ec ACh Rely ae ea Easton’s Point. Swiss Cae (CC ap ie eueen . E St Pe ne ee RU Easton’s Point. SITS SA Raat Poe enee, | civ alee ee Easton’s Point. SHEA ROS 31-12). he AO MEMS 2d ade Si 8M A West Price’s Neck. shew snot: (O0)metl eyesore al 2G Po kaos West Sachuest Point. Winlconmiaennyeyee ye teta ge fk a Res ea South Cormorant Rock. Please mn enTiye,.¢ Meer eelee i aie ca) ng Wace South Cormorant Rock. 32 COMMISSIONERS OF INLAND FISHERIES. Wileox.oldiers(00) csi: 2s eusatue cotleasse Ceeoaes South Cormorant Rock. WWaleGxt ito deri: WO) ii'c)0) a! Ree LO Nair South Sakonnet Light. Other Traps. (See Chart III.) Alcinely &7 Cor (G0) oo. au. eee oc Ue Below North Point Conanicut. Tiny HAM si.) 2) ee a SAA ANCE RRA in ata agree High Hill Point. gaXl Eta i/ 32 tifa 0)

om slo SbF 2%) 5 ob heb er Black Point. SHelvabieree-(OO)mer . s- 5 sbeees adsl. South McCurry’s Point. RSME CORMEL.\ 06.) Baptmen ett dit alGgiiite oa yer 0 South Greenwich Bay. EON 0 fst) AMOR elas ous Sid feos North Railroad Bridge, Tiverton. MEINE SON. Sorrel. oak or oa as tee eld ee North Tiverton. PRG Ec eee te. os ee cere ee South Fox Hill Point. VT ae BA DAR (0) 0) eS ae ee RPE North Sapowet Point. VASGTiG IO GB a ea SE ee green I CL ates es North Fogland Point. Wet Norimam (OO)... 2 a ee North Fogland Point. Weantes: Wiarts(OO)'s@ 2°.'s:. S229. SN North Fogland Point. Vater: WV alts (OO) Yee la.! OI Tk eae ORNS Acs South Sandy Point. VMTN 40) 2 ie a aR a Ere 4 ea Bee McCurry’s Point. Ripitet cote. Sn te et ES ee We nes 8) High Hill Point. nnn any file a Ry ats De SRN REDO High Hill Point. RvalcoxeCharlest. | July 15. TABLE X. Catch of Squiteague in Scup Traps off Newport, 1905-1911. | if 1905. 1906. 1907. 1908. 1909. 1910. 1911. | \ | “‘Stragglers” first ap-| | MESTANCE, =o. sieleoe | June 14. | May 4. | May 21.| May 7. | May 19. | April 9. | May 15. Commencement of| SEPUD yet e eke ete June 21. | June 10. | June 20. | June 6. | June 17. | June 20. | June 15. TABLE XI. First Appearance of Various Marketable Fish in Traps off Newport, 1905-1911. Kaingebish essere aioe.. Mackerel........... Squiteague Striped Bass........ 1905. 1906. 1907. May 22 |April 16 May 10 SoHab doe Jovceeeeesfeeeeseeee April 28. | May 4 May 2 HopRoaes Jliacacae a May 8 vay te ero | April 30. | May 9 May 1 April 20. | May 2 Tahand a halos | May 4. | May 10 June 14. | May 4. | May 21 veeeeeess) April 31. May 16 1908. 1909. April 28. | April 21. June 17. May 4. April 17. May 4. May 1. April 19. May 1. May 19. June 25. May 8. April 27. May 5. April 27. April 23. April 27. May 7. April 24. | April 21. 1910. April 22. July 16. May 4. April 23 May 1. April 21. April 24. April 20. April 9. April 20. 1911. May 2. July 15. May 13. May 6. May 4. April 27. April 26. April 28. May 13. April 22. — COMMISSIONERS OF INLAND FISHERIES. 39 The following specimens were added in 1911 to the magnificent collection of Commissioner D. B. Fearing: Horse mackerel or tunny (Thunnus thynnus), caught near Block Island. Flying gurnard (Cephalacanthus volitans), caught near Wickford. Spot (Letostomus xanthurus). Wolf-fish (Anarhichas lupus). Sheepshead (Archosargus probatocephalus), caught off Warwick, R. I., weight, 1514 pounds. A lobster naturally colored red. A lobster naturally colored yellow. Notr.—This collection, which is elegantly mounted and adorns the walls of his famous library of books and manuscripts on sub- jects relating to fishing, is unique in the fact that an attempt has been made to get large specimens of the small fish and small specimens of the large fish. The species represented were all caught in Rhode Island waters. The list complete to January 1, 1912, is as follows: *An alphabetical list of the mounted specimens of fish caught in Rhode Island waters, now in the library of Hon. D. B. Fearing, A. M. Alewife, Ling, Spanish-mackerel, Amber Jack, Lobster (natural red), Spot, Angler Fish, Lobster (natural yellow), Spotted Cero, Black Bass, Mackerel, Striped Bass, Bluefish, Menhaden, Sturgeon, Butterfish, Ocean Bonito, Swordfish, Catfish, Orange Filefish, Tarpon, Chicken Halibut, Pipe-fish, Tautog, Chogset (2 lb. 6 02.), Pollock, Tilefish, Chub Mackerel, Rabbit Fish, Tomcod, Cod, Remora, Trigger-fish, Conger Eel, Sail -fish (8 ft.), Trout (female), Crab Eater, Salmon, Trout (male), Dogfish, Scabbard-fish, Tunny, Eel, Sculpin, Toadfish, Flounder, Scup (6 lbs.), Violet Ray, Flying Gurnard, Sea Bass, Weakfish, Haddock, Sea Robin, White Perch, Hake, Shad, Window-pane Flounder, Hardtail, Sheepshead, Winter Flounder, Herring, Smelt, Wollf-fish, Kingfish (Menticirrus), Skate, Yellow Perch. *Any person who may catch, in Rhode Island waters, any species of fish not included in this list is respectfully requested to ‘notify Hon. D. B. Fearing, . M., Newport, R. I. 40 COMMISSIONERS OF INLAND FISHERIES. CHAPTER III. ENFORCEMENT OF STATE LAWS. While the lack of appropriation prevented as aggressive an en- forcement of our fisheries laws as your Commission desired, still the chaotic state of affairs which might have resulted had there been no enforcement of the State laws, was prevented, and in so far as was possible, the laws were strictly enforced. The following prosecutions were made and fines imposed and paid under the lobster law (the names of those fined are omitted): Newport, April 17, fishing without license............... $20 00 Narragansett Pier, May 17, fishing without license........ 20 00 iINewport; May 6: short lobstersicis../iyareisire Sele ea ee ae 30 00 Jamestown, June 16; 18'short lobsters... 05. 29 12e.5..024 90 00 Foxsisland; July 6) 10/short lobsters). 20)-4-%)s ects beeen 50 00 Saunderstown, August 5, 9 short lobsters and 1 egg lobster. 50 00 Newport, August 16, 5 short lobsters......... <0... 25 00 $305 00 Your Commission is very much pleased with the recent decision of the supreme court of Rhode Island in upholding the constitu- tionality of the lobster license law. It is almost needless to point out the very great assistance which the license system renders in the enforcement of the lobster laws. It is sincerely hoped that this decision will effectually silence that faction of our fishermen—for- tunately very small—which desire no fisheries laws, but are willing that our splendid fisheries shall be wantonly wasted by short-sighted and greedy methods of fishing. For the benefit of those who do not wish to read the entire text of the decision, we give the following brief summary. The full text of the decision is given in Appendix A to the report. COMMISSIONERS OF INLAND FISHERIES. 41 SUMMARY OF SUPREME COURT DECISION ON LOBSTER LICENSE LAW. It was contended that Sections 1 and 2 of Chapter 437 of the Public Laws of 1909 were unconstitutional, because: I. They denied licenses to aliens and citizens of the State of less than one years’ residence; and, furthermore, gave to the Commis- sioners of Inland Fisheries the arbitrary right to refuse licenses to citizens of the State. By so doing they impaired the right of the people of the State to “enjoy and freely exercise (all) the rights of fishery . . . to which they have been hithereto entitled under the charter and usages of the state” as provided in Section 17, Article I, Constitution of Rhode Island; deprived them of “liberty and property”’ in some other manner than by “judgment of (their) peers or the law of the land” as provided in Section 10, Article I, Constitu- tion of Rhode Island; and was also in conflict with Section 1, Article 14 of Amendments to the Constitution of the United States, because ‘ citizens of the United States were deprived of rights “without due process of law.”’ II. That the above sections of Chapter 437 were further uncon- stitutional in the fact that they interfered with the rights of citizens to employ any assistants they saw fit in the lobster fishery, and also abridged the privileges of citizens of other states and of the United States by preventing them from doing manual labor as servants in connection with the lobster fisheries. In these particulars the sec- tions referred to were in conflict with Section 2, Article 4, Constitu- tion of the United States and Section 1, Article 14 of Amendments to the Constitution of the United States. The decision of the supreme court may be briefly summed up in the words of the court, speaking through Chief Justice Dubois. After full consideration of the constitutional questions and numerous citations of authority, he says: “We are therefore of the opinion that the constitutional questions aforesaid must be severally answered in the negative. We do not find that any of the requirements of the Constitution of the United 6 42 COMMISSIONERS OF INLAND FISHERIES States or of the Constitution of this State, referred to in the questions certified to us, have been violated by the provisions of Pub. Laws, cap. 437, secs. 1 and 2 (passed May 7, 1909). . . Weare of the opinion that the enactment of the statue in question was a proper exercise of the police powers by the legislature of the State, in a matter concerning only the people of the State, and that it was entirely unnecessary for the legislature to consider what effect the statute under consideration would have upon aliens, or even upon the citizens of other states, because it merely involved the conservation of one: species of shellfish in the public waters of the State, a purely local natural resource, and that the legislature has full discretion to prescribe the modes and methods to be followed in the accomplish- ment of such conservation.” He further stated that ‘We are unable to perceive that the rights of any person have been infringed. On the contrary, it seems that the greatest good of the greatest number will be advanced by the legislation complained of.” CHANGES MADE IN THE FISHERIES LAWS. The following changes were made in our fisheries laws at the January session, 1911: The ‘closed season”? upon black bass was extended, making it illegal to catch or take them between January Ist and July Ist. The legal length of black bass was made ten inches, instead of eight, as under the old law. Licensed lobstermen, who were incapacitated by any reason from attending their lobster gear, were permitted to employ another person, if a citizen of the United States, to attend their gear; pro- vided that the person so employed wore the license badge of his employer while attending said gear. The Commissioners of Inland Fisheries were empowered to grant a permit to licensed lobstermen to set pots on a trawl in those locali- ties that are unsuitable for separately bouying the same. = ee ee &'saanqzesadwa} 418 049 8yUaSeIda1 mm gui, LAOA “Saunqusad ay 978M vas ayy szuasaada.t “1161 ‘Ez “9aq 0) OF61 ‘gz “399 WoIy AIO} LIOGET PIOJHIM PY} 3B 10}eM\ BAS ay} puv IY ay) Jo saderaay ainyesradwiay ApyaaAy aur WaT 1 t t t f t t =F = = t t t i i { : t T | | f ! T i tT T | jh 22 Be52 22552 === ——— =—— n t it ! t =| 1 i i i T i i T i i | i i i 4 } it i i | i oe 22 ! = {+4 —— == ae a ES I 1 i = f | = | t } at : t t 1 t + i | t } | [ i | i t F r | = = 1 i i H t 1 4 | t t ; { ; —o9T 1 I T 1 t + | = | i | t f t 208 ; ; c I t i ; —.0€ it i | T i | z 1 i t fea SE —— eae ! St se 1 +f t +} i i | i | i - | : aN ; 20h . f = t f } lo t i ie t t + ofh : | i - if =i t ! i Sh 1 = | | i 0S" f 1 1 t T : 1 1 : : ; 09 | =i ! t ! SS | = - = : ; SF Ss | 3 | | 09 ; = SSeS”? T i it i : t t 1 i | | = . = =e °f9 r : | n iE i t | 1S OL i t r = T + { | +t = i I | I | GL i i { { ———— iL 1D n SL f 3 | I i f 08 ! | = 1B, == : =f == —t : it 298} — =H —1s8 _==S: = = == HSS == ===— 8t 7 & TIStS/ 1) Alst lew zjoeet a b clot o/ Gl O|6T TC G/ B SAT LI O/ Elle ot eg DlLETRS SH 8B ISISt B/ MW Ai St 7 BEIT AI LIIERC Zi OF E}9T bi Cl GL bt oaa | AON L90 | Ldas SOV | ATOL anor AVIV ] TIYdvV HOUVIN SIChUE NVe oad AON O00 — IIb] — — Ob] — og es ee. = T9IG = aa = ey | A GES T5034 ae eee isi 3 on” . wes af uy, » "a? © COMMISSIONERS OF INLAND FISHERIES. 43 CHAPTER IV. THE CONTINUED EXAMINATION OF THE PHYSICAL AND BIOLOGICAL CONDITIONS OF NARRAGANSETT BAY. While the physical and biological investigations of the bay were continued to a certain extent this year, only a small portion of time could be expended upon it for reasons given above. The physical conditions (temperature, weather, etc.) were more favorable to the fishing industries this year than in 1910. A chart of the weekly averages of water and air temperatures at the Wick- ford Hatchery, between November, 1910, and January 1, 1911, are given here, and compare quite favorably with previous years. The water temperature was somewhat higher than in 1910, especially for the months of November and December. The biological conditions worthy of note, were as follows: The absence of such great schools of small fish as were seen in other years, especially 1910. A quite large and general set of oysters. The occurrence of an extensive set of soft shell clams on almost all shores of the bay. This was unfortunately followed by a tremendous mortality, leaving in many localities windrows of the tiny shells on the beaches. At the commencement of this year, 1912, it is quite uncertain if enough have survived, except in a few localities, to stock the shores even fairly well. The scallop set near Wickford was greater than for a number of years. However, in the fall of the year at every low tide, number of gulls could be seen feeding upon them. At the commencement of the cold weather and ice a large part of the remaining scallops have worked out to deeper water and are consequently safe, but it is certain that a large number were destroyed by the gulls. 44 COMMISSIONERS OF INLAND FISHERIES CHAPTER VY. THE DISSEMINATION OF ACCURATE INFORMATION CON- CERNING THE AQUATIC RESOURCES OF THE STATE, FOR THE PURPOSE OF ENLISTING THE INTEREST AND SYMPATHY OF THE PUBLIC IN THE CONSERVATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF THESE RESOURCES. The work of your Commission in the reprinting and distribution of the various instructive papers which occur in its annual reports has continued to be quite popular. Numerous requests have been received, both from this country and abroad, for literature in regard to the clam, lobster and general fisheries subjects. The supply of many of the reprints has become exhausted, but it is hoped later on to publish other articles which will not only replace the exhausted ones, but will also bring the information up to date. The exhibit of Sea Farming, which your Commission has given for a number of years at the Fair Grounds of the Washington County Agricultural Society, attracted this year as large crowds as any other exhibition on the grounds, and your Commission has been highly complimented upon it. At the Wickford Experiment Station, in addition to the enter- tainment of many other visitors, your Commission, through its super- intendent, has extended the courtesies of the station to high school classes in biology and natural history societies. COMMISSIONERS OF INLAND FISHERIES. 45 CHAPTER VI. THE CO-OPERATION WITH OTHER FISHERIES AUTHORI- TIES. Your Commission has been in correspondence with every State Fish Commission in the country and has also been in communication with the fisheries authorities of other countries. The most recent letter was a request from the Northumberland Fisheries Committee of Great Britain for thirty copies of the pamphlet published last year descriptive of our lobster rearing apparatus. The annual meeting of the American Fisheries Society which was held in St. Louis was attended by three members of your Commis- sion. One member of the Commission was re-elected to an important office and another was appointed on the executive committee. Your Commission wishes to acknowledge among many other courtesies the receipts of 20,000 salmon eggs from the United States Bureau of Fisheries. 46 COMMISSIONERS OF INLAND FISHERIES. CHAPTER VII. THE PROPAGATION OF LOBSTERS AT THE WICKFORD: EXPERIMENT STATION. The lobster rearing at Wickford in 1911 was very successful in. view of the small number of egg lobsters made use of and the limited. number of assistants employed. The season opened on May 21 and closed August 21. During this time the plant was never taxed to its. full capacity. The number of lobsters reared to the bottom stages was 291,042. About 600 egg lobsters were made use of. The young lobsters were liberated at the following places: East Shore Con- anicut Island, West Shore Conanicut Island, Mill Cove (Wickford),. Poplar Point, Gould Island, Hope Island, Fox Island, Sakonnet River and Block Island. TaBLE XII. Total Number of Fourth and Fifth Stage Lobsters Reared Each Year Since 1900. Yrar. ee | Vv. | | TLS. C eat MNO CANS YA Pe OU es RS Pe CRAIN OD | SADT | cnt) ss aera TELUS it SANE HAO CAM aR STE OE NER EIN te Aa EG Coy eats Panne. ch OGDEN EAD enc Wlatirnas sion ueVnyN aM i URE he Ages AR et Sea Oe Mi | 271800 ,01 |i. alee LOO SH PMMERT RE NM a nas Mana Ry Unt ae tL uch aie uese nats Hi ASSBOON NIK. eh meas TOL ae) NOU Sea S AWA LLY fA a ee RO En aL a OR NRT OOP a IGE [7 BOSOT .! Sec aeons JOU De Mee ath EN AR Oe Aisa y aa Laue TR EEG ide Bie WiWPxTOS; 572i 1 oe Meee VEO Meld NAAN CIAL Ce OU EE Oy | 189,284 | 24,800 TCT Or mes ae UES ROSA STEAL Rots gaa IK ot eS fa MES as UU Or | 294,896 | 4,900 IETS ea USUI A Oe APU AN TESA MU RN cre VANE MR RPT An Ee 2-231 5,481 TORO ARE acct CP eee LM ee ney UHGin GUNMEN AVON i dee Bio | 178,542 | LG ey eA LOT Ae UMN R CCN SULA AI Se iQ OSS HIME, ata) 511,274 | 28,372 LO UE ues Subs OMENS Mae ae Abo tan a w Migy dete at ML Ra AW aoe vs eee la erent ts Tis QU RDM Ave OS UTE DRT REDE NOTION ALR MEER Rear 1,995,178 | 63,553 *The entire number of lobsters liberated in 1911 were in the latter part of the fourth stage and beyond. COMMISSIONERS OF INLAND FISHERIES. 47 During the winter and early spring an addition of several cars was made to our lobster rearing plant, which now consists of forty ears. It is confidently expected that this addition will enable us to very nearly approach the million mark in our lobster rearing output. Various experiments were conducted this year in rearing lobsters beyond the fifth and sixth stages. Some success was obtained, especially in feeding car contrivances. It is hoped to give a fuller report on this subject another year. The ‘‘ereen”’ egg lobsters carried throught the winter came through with varying success. In certain specially devised cars as high as 98 per cent. were brought through in good condition. A feed car put in at Block Island in the fall of 1911, while not given a thorough test, held a number of ‘‘green”’ egg lobsters for about one month with practically no loss. 48 COMMISSIONERS OF INLAND FISHERIES. CHAPTER VIII. THE PROPAGATION OF MARINE FISHES. In view of our financial straits, che winter flounder was the only fish propagated in 1911. A few minor experiments were conducted in retaining and feeding certain young fishes, but no noteworthy results were obtained. THE WINTER FLOUNDER. As was anticipated in last year’s report, the propagation of this species was carried out on a large scale in 1911. While we did not accomplish all that was desired, still some headway has been made in inexpensive methods of incubating the eggs in large quantities. Over one hundred million eggs were hatched, with a result of about eighty per cent. Of this eighty million a large number were reared through the transition period. It is hoped another year to greatly improve and extend this department of work. In obtaining the eggs, artificial fertilization has been abandoned and the more natural Norwegian method of allowing the fish to spawn naturally in cars has been adopted. This latter method gives much the best results, sometimes yielding over 98 per cent. of good eggs, while 80 per cent. is good average results from artificial fertilization. APPENDIX A. STATE vs. CONSTANTINE KOFINES et al. shron On geay Gye (on aT PRESENT: Dubois, C. J., Blodgett, Johnson, Parkhurst, and Sweet- land, JJ. CRIMINAL CoMPLAINT. Heard on constitutional questions certi- fied to the Supreme Court. Dusots, C. J. The above entitled cases are complaints brought before the District Court of the First Judicial District for violations of the provisions of Pub. Laws, cap. 437, $ 1, passed May 7, 1909, and severally charged that the defendant, therein named, at a certain time therein specified, and at a certain place within the territorial waters of the state therein designated, did catch and take a certain lobster, and also that he did place, set, keep, maintain, supervise, lift, raise, draw, and cause to be placed, set, kept, maintained, super- vised, lifted, raised and drawn, in and from said place in said waters, a certain pot and other contrivance designed and adapted for the catching and taking of lobsters. These cases have been certified from the district court aforesaid to this court, in compliance with the provisions of Gen. Laws, 1909, cap. 298, § 1, for the hearmg and determination of certain questions as to the constitutionality of sections 1 and 2 of said cap. 437. Said sections read as follows: “Section 1. No person, either as principal, agent, or servant, shall, at any time, catch or take any lobster from any of the waters _ In the jurisdiction of this state, or place, set, keep, maintain, super- vise, lift, raise, or draw in or from any of said waters, or cause to be dlaced, set, kept, maintained, supervised, lifted, raised, or drawn in ? ) 4 >} b) } b e 50 COMMISSIONERS OF INLAND FISHERIES. or from any of said waters, any pot or other contrivance designed or adapted for the catching or taking of lobsters, unless licensed so to do as hereinafter provided. Every person who shall violate any of the provisions of this section shall be fined twenty dollars or be im- prisoned not more than thirty days, or both, for each such offence.” “Src. 2. The commissioners of inland fisheries may grant or refuse to grant licenses to catch and take lobsters from the waters _ within the jurisdiction of this state (in the manner, at the times, and subject to the regulations provided in this act) to such citizens of this state as have resided in this state for at least one year next pre- ceding the granting of such license as they may think proper. When- ever any such license shall be granted, the same shall be granted to expire on the 15th day of November next succeeding the granting of the same, unless sooner revoked as hereinafter provided, and each person to whom such license shall be granted shall, for each license, pay to said commissioners the sum of five dollars for the use of the state. Said commissioners, in their annual report to the general assembly, shall state the number of licenses granted, with the names of the persons licensed and the amount of money received therefor. Said commissioners shall issue to each person licensed as aforesaid a certificate stating the name of the person to whom such license has been granted and the date of expiration of such license, and shall also issue to each person so licensed a metal badge in such form and bearing such inscription as said commissioners shall determine. If any person licensed as aforesaid shall, at any time, be adjudged guilty of any violation of any of the provisions of this act, after full hearing by said commissioners or a majority of them, the said com- missioners or a majority of them shall revoke the license issued to such person, and such person shall thereupon cease to have any authority thereunder.” The constitutional questions are raised upon the record in the several cases by defendant’s motion to dismiss, by the defendant’s demurrers to the complaint, and by complainant’s demurrers to the defendant’s pleas. APPENDIX. 51 In the case of Kofines and that of Saderas, the questions are brought upon the record by motions to dismiss the complaints, the motions being identical. In the case of Crestodolas the questions are brought upon the record by demurrer to the complaint. In the case of Raftak and that of Deamotares, the questions are brought upon the record by motions to dismiss filed by the respond- ents after the filing, by the complainant, of demurrers to pleas. The motions to dismiss are identical. The pleas filed in the case of Raftak set forth: First. That the respondent, at the time mentioned in the com- plaint, was and for a long time (but less than one year) had been a citizen of the State of Rhode Island. Second. That the respondent, at the time mentioned in the complaint, was a citizen of the United States and of the State of New York and was, and for a long time had been, a resident of the City of Newport, in the State of Rhode Island. Third. That the acts with which he stands charged in the com- plaint were performed by him in the course of his employment as the servant or agent of Angelo Maniotis who, at the time mentioned in the complaint, was duly licensed under the provisions of said section 2 of chapter 437, of the Public Laws. The pleas filed in the case of Deamotares set forth: First. That the respondent, at the time mentioned in the com- plaint, was and for more than a year had been a resident in and a domiciled inhabitant of the City of Newport; and that, having been born in the Kingdom of Greece, he had duly declared his intention to become a citizen of the United States before the Superior Court of the State of Rhode Island, in said Newport, on or about the 27th day of February, A. D. 1908, in accordance with the provisions of the naturalization laws of the United States, but that he had not then been duly naturalized. Second. That the acts with which he stands charged in the com- plaint were performed by him in the course of his employment as 52 COMMISSIONERS OF INLAND FISHERIES. the servant and agent of Diomatares Diomatares, who, at the time mentioned in the complaint, was duly licensed under the provisions of said section 2 of chapter 437 of the Public Laws. It may be observed that the record does not specifically disclose the political status of Kofines, Saderas, or Crestodolas, 7. e., whether aliens or citizens of Rhode Island, or citizens of other states of the Union; that the pleas filed by Raftak disclose the inconsistent claims that he is a citizen of Rhode Island who has not resided in this state a full year and that he is a citizen of the State of New York and that the pleas filed by Deamotares disclose that he is an alien. It will be observed that it does not appear in the record of any of the cases that any of the respondents have applied for and been refused licenses under section 2 of chapter 437. The questions brought upon the record and raised in each of the cases are identical and are as follows, viz.: (1) Are said sections 1 and 2 of said chapter 437 in conflict with the provisions of section 17, Article I, of the Constitution of Rhode Island, which is as follows, viz.: “The people shall continue to enjoy and freely exercise all the rights of fishery, and the privileges of the shore, to which they have been heretofore entitled under the charter and usages of this state. But no new right is intended to be granted, nor any existing right impaired, by this declaration,” in that the provisions of said sections 1 and 2, chapter 437, grant to the Commissioners of Inland Fisheries the arbitrary right to refuse licenses under said chapter to citizens of the State and thereby impair the enjoyment and free exercise of the rights of fishery to which the people of the State are entitled under said section of the constitution? (2) Are said sections 1 and 2 of said chapter 487, in conflict with the provisions of Section 10, Article 1, of the Constitution of Rhode Island, which is as follows, viz.: “...... ; nor shall he be deprived of life, liberty, or property, unless by the judgment of his peers, or the law of the land,” in that the provisions of said sections 1 and 2, chapter 437, grant to the said Commissioners of Inland Fisheries the APPENDIX. 53 arbitrary right to refuse licenses under said chapter to citizens of the state and thereby deprive citizens of liberty and property, contrary to the provisions of said section of the constitution? (3) Are said sections 1 and 2 of said chapter 437 in conflict with the provisions of that portion of section 1, Article 14, of the amend- ments to the Constitution of the United States, which is as follows, VizZ.: “ ..nor shall any state deprive any person of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law ...... ” in that the provisions of said sections 1 and 2, chapter 4387, grant to the said Commissioners of Inland Fisheries the arbitrary right to refuse licenses under said chapter to citizens of the State of Rhode Island and thereby deprive citizens of liberty and property, contrary to the said provisions of said section of the amendments to the Constitution of the United States? (4) Are said sections 1 and 2 of said chapter 437 in conflict with the provisions of Section 17, Article 1, of the Constitution of Rhode Island (swpra) mm that the provisions of said sections 1 and 2 of chap- ter 437 deprive such citizens of the state as have resided therein for less than one year of the enjoyment and free exercise of the rights of fishery to which they are entitled under the provisions of said section of the constitution? (5) Are said sections 1 and 2 of said chapter 437 in conflict with the provisions of Section 10 of Article 1 of the Constitution of Rhode Island (supra) in that the provisions of said sections 1 and 2 of chapter 437 deprive such citizens of the state as have resided therein for less than one year of liberty and property contrary to the provisions of said section of the constitution? (6) Are said sections 1 and 2 of said chapter 437 in conflict with the said provisions of Section 1 of Article 14 of Amendments to the Constitution of the United States (swpra) in that the provisions of said sections 1 and 2 of chapter 437 deprive such citizens of the State of Rhode Island as have resided therein for less than one year of liberty and property contrary to the provisions of said section of the amendments to the Constitution of the United States? 54 COMMISSIONERS OF INLAND FISHERIES. (7) Are said sections 1 and 2 of said chapter 437 in conflict with the provisions of Section 17, Article 1, of the Constitution of Rhode Island (swpra) in that the provisions of said sections 1 and 2 of chap- ter 437 deprive aliens, who have fixed their domicile within the state and have resided therein for more than one year, of the enjoyment and free exercise of the rights of fishery to which they are entitled under the provisions of said section of the constitution? (8) Are said sections 1 and 2 of said chapter 437 in conflict with the provisions of Section 10, Article 1, of the Constitution of Rhode Island (swpra) in that the provisions of said sections 1 and 2 of said chapter 437 deprive aliens, who have fixed their domicile within the state and have resided therein for more than one year, of liberty and property, contrary to the provisions of said section of the con- stitution? (9) Are said sections 1 and 2 of said chapter 437 in conflict with the said provisions of Section 1 of Article 14 of amendments to the Constitution of the United States (supra) in that the provisions of said sections 1 and 2 of said chapter 437 deprive aliens, who have fixed their domicile within the State of Rhode Island and have resided therein for more than one year, of liberty and property, contrary to the provisions of said section of the amendments to the Constitu- tion of the United States? (10) Are said sections 1 and 2 of said chapter 437 in conflict with the provisions of Section 17, Article 1, of the Constitution of Rhode Island (supra) in that the provisions of said sections 1 and 2 of chapter 437 interfere with the rights of citizens to engage in the lobster fish- eries in the waters of this state by employing therein such suitable servants and agents as they see fit, contrary to the provisions of said section of the constitution? (11) Are said sections 1 and 2 of said chapter 437 in conflict with the provisions of Section 2, Article 4, of the Constitution of the United States, which is as follows, viz.: “The citizens of each state shall be entitled to all privileges and immunities of citizens of the several states,” in that the provisions of APPENDIX. 55 said sections 1 and 2, chapter 437, interfere with the privileges and immunities of citizens of other states by prohibiting them from doing manual labor as servants in connection with the lobster fisheries, con- trary to the provisions of said section of the constitution? (12) Are said sections 1 and 2, chapter 437, in conflict with the provisions of that portion of Section 1, Article 14, of the amendments to the Constitution of the United States, which is as follows, viz.: eee No state shall make or enforce any law which shall abridge the privileges or immunities of citizens of the United States;..... y in that the provisions of said sections 1 and 2, chapter 437, abridge the privileges and immunities of citizens of the United States by prohibiting them from doing manual labor as servants in connection with the lobster fisheries, contrary to the said provisions of said sec- tion of the amendments to the Constitution of the United States? We approach this subject mindful of the presumption of con- stitutionality in favor of the act in question. The presumption of innocence in this particular obtains and “The rule generally laid down is, that statutes should be sustained unless their unconstitutionality is clear beyond a reasonable doubt. A rea- sonable doubt is to be resolved in favor of the legislative action, and the act sustained. Cooley on Constitutional Limitations, p. 252, and cases cited. ‘Before an act is declared to be unconstitutional it should clearly appear that it cannot be supported by any reasonable intendment or allowable presumption.’ People v. Supervisors of Orange, 17 N. Y. 235, 241. ‘All intendments favor constitutionality,’ Crowley v. State of Oregon, 11 Oregon, 512. ‘Courts will approach the question with great caution, examine it in every possible aspect, and ponder upon it as long as deliberation and patient attention can throw any new light on the subject, and never declare a statute void unless the nullity and invalidity of the act are placed, in their judg- ment, beyond a reasonable doubt.’ Wellington et al., Petitioners, 16 Pick. 87, 95, per Shaw, C. J. ‘It is but a decent respect due to the wisdom, the integrity, and the patriotism of the legislative body by which any law is passed,’ says Justice Washington, ‘to presume in 56 COMMISSIONERS OF INLAND FISHERIES. favor of its validity, until its violation of the Constitution is proved beyond all reasonable doubt. Ogden v. Saunders, 12 Wheat. 213, 270.’’’ Durfee, C. J., in State v. The District of Narragansett, 16 R. I. 424, 440. Therefore it is incumbent upon the respondents to satisfy this court beyond all reasonable doubt that the act in question is unconstitu- tional in the particulars complained of. Another consideration of great importance is the necessity of ascer- taining whether the act in question comes within the police power of the state. Life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness are held to be among the inalienable rights with which all men are endowed by their Creator, and that to secure these rights, governments are instituted among men. It is therefore evident that the object of society is to live, increase, and flourish. It is therefore interested in the preser- vation of itself and of its members. ‘‘Self-preservation has been termed the first law of nature. It is of the most ancient origin: It antedates all constitutions and statutes made by man. It is the law under which we live, move, and have our being: it is a law govern- ing all persons, natural and artificial. High and low, rich and poor, wise and foolish, old and young, are subject to its inexorable sway. Obedience to it is rewarded, while disobedience to it is inevitably punished. Out of its observance arises the doctrine of the survival of the fittest. It is an attribute of all corporations, from the State itself down to the least of its creatures. Upon it depends the police power of the State, which, in its broadest acceptation, means the general power of a government to preserve and promote public welfare by prohibiting all things hurtful to the comfort, safety, and welfare of society, and by establishing such rules as may be conducive of public benefit.” Ponte v. Marconi, 27 R. I. 6. “Frequently when questions of conflict between national and State authority are made, and also when it is claimed that government has exceeded its just powers in dealing with the property and con- trolling the actions of individuals, it becomes necessary to consider the extent and pass upon the proper bounds of another State power, APPENDIX. 57 which, like that of taxation, pervades every department of business and reaches to every interest and every subject of profit or enjoyment. We refer to what is known as the police power. “The police of a state, in a comprehensive sense, embraces its whole system of internal regulation, by which the State seeks not only to preserve the public order and to prevent offences against the State, but also establish for the intercourse of citizens with citizens those rules of good manners and good neighborhood which are caleu- lated to prevent a conflict of rights, and to insure to each the unin- terrupted enjoyment of his own so far as is reasonably consistent with a like enjoyment of rights by others.” j “No definition of the powers can be more complete and satisfactory than some which have been given by eminent jurists in deciding cases which have arisen from its exercise, and which have been so often approved and adopted, that to present them in any other than the language of the decisions would be unwise, if not inexcusable. Says Chief Justice Shaw, ‘We think it is a settled principle, growing out of the nature of well-ordered civil society, that every holder of prop- erty, however absolute and unqualified may be his title, holds it under the implied liability that his use of it shall not be injurious to the equal enjoyment of others having an equal right to the enjoyment of their property, nor injurious to the rights of the community. All property in this Commonwealth is . . . held subject to those general regulations which are necessary to the common good and general welfare. Rights of property, like all other social and con- ventional rights, are subject to such reasonable limitations in their enjoyment as shall prevent them from being injurious, and to such reasonable restraints and regulations established by law as the legislature, under the governing and controlling power vested in them by the constitution, may think necessary and expedient. This is very different from the right of eminent domain,—the right of a government to take and appropriate private property whenever the public exigency requires it, which can be done only on condition of providing a reasonable compensation therefor. The power we 8 58 COMMISSIONERS OF INLAND FISHERIES. allude to is rather the police power; the power vested in the legislature by the constitution to make, ordain, and establish all manner of whole- some and reasonable laws, statutes, and ordinances, either with penalties or without, not repugnant to the constitution, as they shall judge to be for the good and welfare of the Commonwealth, and of the subjects of the same. It is much easier to perceive and realize the existence and sources of this power than to mark its boundaries, or prescribe limits to its exercise.’ “ «This police power of the State,’ says another eminent judge, ‘extends to the protection of the lives, limbs, health, comfort, and quiet of all persons, and the protection of all property within the State. According to the maxim, S7e utere tuo ut alienum non laedas, which being of universal application, it must, of course, be within the range of legislative action to define the mode and manner in which every one may so use his own as not to injure others.’ And again: (By this) ‘general police power of the State, persons and property are are subjected to all kinds of restraints and burdens, in order to secure the general comfort, health, and prosperity of the State; of the per- fect in the legislature to do which, no question ever was, or, upon acknowledged general principles, ever can be made, so far as natural persons are concerned.’ And neither the power itself, nor the dis- cretion to exercise it as need may require, can be bargained away by the State. “Tn the American constitutional system, the power to establish the ordinary regulations of police has been left with the individual States, and it cannot be taken from them, either wholly or in part, and exer- cised under legislation of Congress. Neither can the national govern- ment, through any of its departments or officers, assume any super- vision of the police regulations of the States. All that the federal authority can do is to see that the States do not, under cover of this power, invade the sphere of national sovereignty, obstruct or impede the exercise of any authority which the Constitution has confided to the nation, or deprive any citizen of rights guaranteed by the federal Constitution.”? Cooley, Const. Lim. 7th Ed. p. 829, et seq. APPENDIX. 59 “There is also a common assent that the legislature has the right of control in all matters affecting public safety, health, and welfare, on the ground that these are within the indefinable but unquestioned purview of what is known as the police power. It is indefinable because none can forsee the everchanging conditions which may call for its exercise; and it is unquestioned, because it is a necessary function of government to provide for the safety and welfare of the people. Private rights are often involved in its exercise, but a law is not on that account rendered invalid or unconstitutional. The first inquiry is whether the subject of the law is within the power; for, if it is, the legislature has jurisdiction to enact it and its terms are subject to a reasonable legislative discretion.’ Opinion to the Governor, 24 R. I. 603, 605. As was said by Tillinghast v. Dalton, 22 R. I. 77-86, in commenting upon the definition of “liberty’”’ as given in People v. Gillson, 109 N. Y. 389: ‘this inalienable right is trenched upon and impaired whenever the legislature prohibits a man from carrying on his business in his own way, provided always, of course, that the business and the mode of carrying it on are not injurious to the public, and provided, also, that it is not a business which is affected with a public use or interest.” Now the subject matter of cap. 437, the act in question, relates not merely to a business affected with a public use and interest, but to the public use and interest itself. The act purports to be in sub- stitution of an act entitled “An act for the better protection of the lobster fisheries.” By this it means the lobster fisheries of the people of the state. One of the fisheries embraced in the great franchise orginally granted to the people by the king in the charter and after- wards perpetuated to them by the constitution. The words ‘people of the state” have received the following judicial construction: “The Constitution in its preamble starts out, ‘We, the people of the State,’ etc. In article 1, section 2, it is declared that all governments are instituted for the protection, safety and happiness of the people. In the same article, section 6, it is further declared that the right of 60 - COMMISSIONERS OF INLAND FISHERIES. the people to be secure in their persons, papers and possessions, against unreasonable searches and seizures, shall not be violated. And again in section 17, ‘The people shall continue to enjoy and freely exercise all the rights of fishery, and the privileges of the shore, to which they have been heretofore entitled under the charter and usages of the State,’ etc. These illustrations, and others might be given, show that the term ‘people,’ as used in the constitution, is broad and comprehensive, comprising in most instances all the inhabitants of the State. Article 2 as amended by article 7, however, defines the qualifications necessary for electors; and, inasmuch as the Constitution provides no mode for obtaining the consent of the people except by the expression of it through the votes of the electors, we think that the consent of the people mentioned in article 4, section 13, means the consent of the electors manifested by the majority of their votes. We find nothing to warrant its restriction to such of the electors as are taxpayers, and we are of the opinion, therefore, that the word ‘people,’ in the section under consideration, is to be construed to include registry voters as well as taxpayers.’ In re the Incurring of State Debts, 19 R. I. 610, 613. As all the inhabitants of the state, men, women and children, citizens and aliens are interested in the franchise, and as all cannot fish for lobsters, and but compar- tively few do, it is manifest that if the interests of all are to be con- served the fishing must be carried on for the ultimate benefit of the people of the state and not merely for the profit and emolument of the fishermen engaged in the business, whose conduct in the premises must be unselfish enough to include the interests of those who cannot personally attend to the matter. According to the United States census for the year 1910 the total population of this state was 542,610, and according to the report of the Commissioners of Inland Fisheries, there were, in the year 1909, engaged in lobster fishing in the public waters of the state, 381 men, and there were used for the purpose during that year, 248 boats and 23,220 lobster pots. The commis- sioners also estimated the number of pounds of lobsters taken in that year from the public waters of the state to be 1,395,983. Even if we APPENDIX. 61 should assume the amount to be in round numbers 1,575,000 pounds, and estimate the population of the state for the year 1909 to be 525,000, an equal division by weight of the lobsters taken, among the inhabitants of the state, would give each person three pounds. It is self evident that each person does not annually get, and never can get, his or her proportional part of the total catch of lobsters in any year, therefore a division of the catch of lobsters among the people of the state cannot be considered to be a feasible way in which to preserve the rights of the people in the lobster fishery. If there was to be such a division of the catch among the people, it would be proper to pay the fishermen a fair price for their labor, a fair return for the capital invested, a fair amount for wear and tear of boats, tackle and fishing-gear, and such other items as are usually considered in mer- cantile adventures of this sort. It goes without saying that people of the state residing in portions of its territory remote from the sea- shore could hardly afford, even if it were possible for them to do so, to go to the shore and attempt to engage in lobster fishing merely for the purpose of obtaining what they might deem to be their fair share of lobsters from the public waters of the state. All children of tender years, the aged and infirm, together with delicate women would be absolutely debarred from participation in a fishery in which all are interested. In such circumstances it is necessary to consider how the people of the state may receive the greatest benefit from the conservation of their interests in this regard. The great majority of the people undoubtedly have heretofore bought and in the future will be obliged to buy their lobsters, therefore it is for their interest to have them plentiful and cheap. And by the immutable law of supply and demand, when unhampered by other influences, cheapness will result from plenty. Free and unrestrained fishing might, for a time, seem to accomplish that result because thereby more lobsters would be taken and placed for sale upon the market, but without regard to the age, size or condition of the same. Without protection from the rapacity of man, lobsters inevitably must become scarcer, and consequently dearer. This has been the costly experience of all 62 COMMISSIONERS OF INLAND FISHERIES. countries where the experiment has been tried. The natural tendency to kill the goose that lays the golden egg is always exhibited when the opportunity is afforded. And when anyone, attempting to stay the unsparing hand of the despoiler, suggests that something should be saved for posterity he is likely to receive this interrogative reply: Why should we care for posterity, what has it ever done for us? After us, the deluge. It is necessary that man should be saved from the consequences of his own selfishness, thoughtlessness and waste- fulness in the matter of fisheries. And for this purpose an ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure. In this connection the following quotation from the report of the Commissioners of Inland Fisheries for the year 1908, is deemed pertinent: “The statistics of the lobster fishery, which have been gathered for the last five years, are more nearly completed than those of any other branch of the fisheries of the State, and, for several reasons, these data are just now of paramount importance. For many years this industry had been evidently waning, so that the outlook had become extremely serious, and numerous and various remedies were sug- gested. This was the situation in 1901 when the General Assembly passed laws that could be enforced and placed their enforcement in the hands of the Commission of Inland Fisheries. These laws, designed to protect young lobsters and egg-lobsters, have, since 1901, been conscientiously enforced as far as possible by your Commission and their deputies. In 1900, also, the lobster propagating establish- ment at your Commission’s Wickford station began to get practical results, which have increased in importance from year to year. Since the work of propagation and enforcement of the laws regulating lobster fishery began, there has been a remarkable increase in the eatch of lobsters. This is a fact which is commonly known to all those interested, and one which requires no statistical proof. How- ever, statistics do confirm this fact and would seem to answer defi- nitely the much-discussed question whether or not artificial propaga- tion and protective regulation can be effective in maintaining the lobster industry. APPENDIX. 63 “The total catch of lobsters in the State has increased from 376,994 pounds in 1904 to 1,471,344 pounds in 1908, an increase of 1,094,350 pounds. That this unparalleled increase is not spasmodic or acci- dental is evidenced by the steady increase in consecutive years: 1904 1905 1906 1907 1908 376,994 499,300 671,914 929,423 1,471,344 “That the increase is not referable to the introduction of statistics from additional localities is shown by the statistics from Newport alone, which are summarized as follows: 1904 1905 1906 1907 1908 226,994 301,659 393,070 581,189 665,009 “Tt is known that the total number of lobster pots has very greatly increased, and to this fact one might be inclined to attribute the increased catch. The facts are otherwise; for, while the number of pots had increased from 7,935 in 1904 to 20,011 in 1908 (more than 250 per cent.), the catch per pot has not shown a proportionate decrease. On the contrary, despite this great multiplication of pots the catch per pot not only shows no decrease, but has actually in- creased approximately fifty per cent. The following is the catch per pot for the past five years: 1904 1905 1906 1907 1908 48— 54+ 59+ 76+ 74— “Making allowance for the usual feeling of uncertainty in depending upon statistics where the issue is close, there can be no reasonable doubt that the vast improvement in the condition of the lobster indus- try in this State in the last decade is real. For asharp contrast with the situation here, we introduce the following quotation from the ‘Fishing Gazette,’ which needs no comment, but which recalls the statements of ten years ago regarding the condition of our own lobster industry: ‘The market for canned lobster continues somewhat de- pressed not only in the American market but also abroad. Stocks are fairly heavy. Newfoundland advices are that lobsters are almost 64 COMMISSIONERS OF INLAND FISHERIES. completely fished out around the whole coast. Canners who once put up three thousand cases cannot produce two hundred now.’ “ » LOSREe Brockton. MIcHIGAN, STATE BOARD OF FISH COMMISSIONERS. MD AEL NP OWED) ENCSIOONGS 2 ce 35 2) <'0. secs SARI RON ee ES hat es Suttons Bay. red Postal: Vice-President: 3). 15 seta, MS Re 3 ce een Sa ge Detroit. Walter J 7EUnSaKer 5 oi n/a oo cpa. crys of eekene ates ee ete oe RET Saginaw. Seymour Bower, Superintendent 0. a\.0 cele es ee Oe Detroit. STATE GAME, FISH, AND FORESTRY WARDEN DEPARTMENT. Major Wimp; Oates, W arden ie seine tees ine Somer are amet ee de Lansing. David K. Jones, Chie, Deputy Warder ss ..caon pecs. cokes es 55 eee Petosky. MINNESOTA. BoarpD OF GAME AND FiIsH COMMISSIONERS. George. J Bradley, Presidentatay anc eke oo.) a Se cate Norwood. Hos Ae Wessel, 1st Vice-Presiaent. oo dace eye os .)s\ap ace a ae ae St. Paul. Gaowohnson; 2nd Vice=Presidentin aren: alas a) a akaie ae eine eee ee St. Paul. meni AU Rider, Baecutwe Agent nce. acs sie kod eed eee eae Little Falls. HAW; Cobb, Superintendent of Fisheries » Wi. a3 bo one eee oe St. Paul. eben Ogilvie, Secretar. 5.0). 2 sted dies pin ow wel saa eloter 5 ele doen teen ae St. Paul. 11 82 COMMISSIONERS OF INLAND FISHERIES. MIssIssIPPi. BOARD OF OYSTER COMMISSIONERS OF MISSISSIPPI. Gulfport, Miss. Disacan Manan reseleng i) x 5 ea As cis tarsay sie) «ape Mee Nha! 8h Ocean Springs. aS MELC WES «Tie AS CCEOLOIING Sit 0/9 AR Mare sho. eens ce aime he Gulfport. Missouri. MISSOURI STATE FISH COMMISSION. ACS PLICHY UT OGULETIE nc} elye acne Rake feeds ane Sysnenieyy elereie ale ea ee eee St. Louis. PCE MV IECE=EAESTAC TIL ise he) oye ase rat kcn slate lets alba wre herstepanclie erelecy ati St. Louis. VRS unvNilbserete) ECRELONY Coie wi MPN ntw IS! Se pecs eteani ity as en St. Joseph. PEG berate ld AWA EC TH Tea 0 oy GUA MMPIAAED WE era AB yaa a Dee eae IR Sine Sui ON Windsor. CHAT GME OLED lesley yee ce RIS TO Ris yo veya las ciba2 SAIN fee 1 TAY RU ea Paris. SUPERINTENDENT OF HATCHERIES. Blip eaaespy Lil 6) Cv RvR UL ity GN iia, ale latina lel ee eter a) esate ee aaa St. Louis. GORE COS SIC CHIR HRS sc APO AMMA ARID ca a ae eal PS A te St.”Joseph. Montana. MONTANA STATE FISH COMMISSION. Pe Ma the weORMene RAUMEN Lien oii ole ronts le lotals nis me lsseiolersl ol eters Olen Anaconda. (Oleh oea) OR DIO IIS. ci7a%s 17 APM tra oe ah teen ALS ANE Pag Pleasant Valley. icenry Avene, Stamenaae. W Orden). atts e nperss so %a ape Nein be senate ots oe ete late tara Helena. C. F. Healea, Superintendent State Fish Hatchery, member ex-officio. .. Anaconda. NEBRASKA. NEBRASKA GAME AND FISH COMMISSION. (GOWETTIOR COMIMUSSTONEN \CL-OICLO:. 2 ons ns laa i208 tole sin eheas etdpaaleds at hy anes Lincoln. lenny.) Ne Miiller (Chief wWiarden st isa ae) ts a's) sul iol lena Mim alte eho lalehe Lincoln. Wi JLOoBriens Superiniendent of Hatchertess)). (ol)... ciislan «avalos ee eeu k Gretna. New HampsuHire. FISH AND GAME COMMISSION. Nathaniel Wentyworun: ChOmma eee ee eee) cae larsrer aes Hudson Center. Charles B. Clarke, Secretary and Financial Agent................0005. Concord. Dror adeayl 2X BAW on ya eae fy HARM MAT PA a RR OR Se esp Whitefield. NEVADA. STATE FISH COMMISSION OF NEVADA. Carson, Nevada. ABeorc ents Wise CO Rerarrrcclne dated athe eve ts ithe ead ay SMT AS SA, a ete ete oan Carson. APPENDIX. 83 New Mexico. TERRITORIAL GAME AND FISH WARDEN, GTi atopic keh | Poa Gr) 0) PON Vr Ge ho Ca Ge ALR oe Se nN hs a Sante Fe. New JERSEY. FISH AND GAME COMMISSION. rest NIELS TeSUAeTel yA lene iey lates cs): ay ces ena el eh ay ol ts lata toed ale East Orange. WallicrmsAcLOnien li rensurereMmati elas «<5 icyltv2 Bia w emai Siavelecaieneiaaiel eli Bridgeton. ereLV AlN @ MTV SULC e es cies onelmMe Neco e a) dU Nepales IHN | a alltel satel High Bridge. DUVET Lear ACMA TINACO ath nt Ne eral cpetys anes Nr ai as at fe, lu MGh RNs: aha Ws vag tla, a Atlantic City. AVea l iesreneic HRN ME ss CNET EL ofall arte lla ssh al lis als wt s Bal lett bea aha ale, plot Trenton. STATE BUREAU OF SHELL FISHERIES. Maes RN SHCOMS ONCE. jaharate re brain oilers et o.aifhloieya laste ae ahaa ates. etal Haddonfield. STATE OYSTER COMMISSION, PHIM DSU LCE Seid Tee 8 orc c leiale hed euaNeuel Bagel vetevaleslafeme a rae Sophy o 8 eau tauatateatye Port Morris, RTS ace NUUUTIAL ORG he hole oto. tek chee = ors entree keg waste pay.c.2 sis le areal vA Keyport. COVSCLE TT SANG, Ges ie oie yee sce pote hee ria tac gue alaT sects = % seat einfach Cie epeisla cer) « Gisjarene. oie lord ahSropomnohoge Gold Hill. IVI ICT Seem? ... . ooyttseieia te tee epnrd acy i 2, ae iepeta ated bio teu Baten Portland. GRRE CLANSLONIMMEE cc 5 acusrle Sele Maa RI NRIs Ue Sica’ SuerSaote ws Raeeauctien Pandleton. WrarbseWinley, StareiGame Warden. 2.05. 25.2 « tienes odio & eteeione Portland. Ren lantonw Master Fish Warden... <.,. dite. ss core lw atlas cigs =a (Seh nats Portland. PENNSYLVANIA. DEPARTMENT OF FISHERIES. VE Bin Vieehiatie: O OMESSLONEN mists cc 4 aes An cavjo jue ise pe caher aalesele a a. a ete Harrisburg. mba TUT eheT etnne NCIS CTa sear cena ae tee woes uel acs Su ay otainie lia’ igo) bye Mauital aton' se: RvaPe hapa Erie. Verne we Crm ces es. elercte sania desta tte we oft ser Mee casey coho ieee ceatn lone enue ahd Wellsboro. Amarew aa MGA Ken iat = ee ten acy cistake embanteewe eile pes saienaceien Phoenixville. IVORPAS MIN CISENIMEN De Some ha Oa cute ce oon 2hoe o mhape MMe amo yake & tans eh Mauch Chunk. RHODE ISLAND. COMMISSIONERS OF INLAND FISHERIES. Charles Vii Willard femestdent nee 2... aiis kis helenae lena ina egene = estate ie Syer Westerly. William He Boardman) Vice-Prestdent <5. )c. ne s 2 no esl nie siete ees Central Falls. Watliana PP) WortomssSeenesany® istsae ss ec c/s: atencdetae Het. weaiemens Providence. IN elbent Os TRODEIES VAGIAILO Mn Sere thh eels Uurtin oye tres mteerere ceamere ace ol Woonsocket. Tsaneshis Olanke: 7) reasunen: oS.0ice tele} avs tens ac Ce streets ee eed Jamestown. 1D feyaute) le Jee Mets bay seey A pe! BON a RS ptes Panel lee Aun ateyte Op Y SR MDA Bade lbi5. c/n cee Newport. VAUSUUD EW aie | BSR] eats (etal teal ak Ma oh A ery oa be An RUN ie A ORC A ates MOR RR aie tS Tiverton. APPENDIX. 85 COMMISSIONERS OF SHELL FISHERIES. PhilipyeeawalboursG@haimaneer carina tee kee eee ae nee Little Compton. AOL AAV TEMS CIN ove el aby ale ethic ees ree ae Se MN Apponaug. Biles ar el ME CHIEOM yee AAR ok: ORES Soe ai pe AEA 4 Renee ne ea age Slatersville. SATE MMs Owd Css acy VA Peer asks eke atelier tee: o ayaa eee te Barrington. Jonns @AWalcoxserc nce a see See sess. cee 8 RUS OR R. F. D., No. 1, Westerly. SoutH CAROLINA. THE BOARD OF FISHERIES OF SOUTH CAROLINA. TRIES Mer RNeL OG MOUTON aes Siet.2 2) shckatiand tests sats ot ee oa veers Beaufort. TPO WN ECOGSBIOI ss is cl et vee de ots arent sh CW ret esa aay dle le ied ee Charleston. STERITIE SUNN om VEOORER st eye cee tae eth olbe aoa sca abeegee eats Wie Aci orc Hampton. Sout Dakota. STATE GAME WARDEN. AWPU ATCO Biter eenbsie hes. cect re eR ee 1 Ve naa Ey, Se ORS et Ae ee See ea Pierre. TENNESSEE. GAME, FISH, AND FORESTRY DEPARTMENT. Joseph H Acklen, State,W ardent... oacio Se stsenebtedes once note ae eae Nashville. TEXAS. STATE, GAME, FISH, AND OYSTER COMMISSION. Wm. -GaStarrett, Commissioner... ack a abe Cee ee =: se eee Austin. Jetta! Cox. Chieh Deputy cS Moiese ee ne CR ete 3s see Austin. UTAH. STATE, GAME, AND FISH COMMISSIONER. rede Ws, Chambers... :::.0.¢8cesnes a Gee a ee eee Salt Lake City. VERMONT. COMMISSIONER OF FISHERIES AND GAME. John Wis! Bibeomib S205 50 A ea alee mae 2's CONN) Lyndonville. VIRGINIA. COMMISSION OF FISHERIES. Weel\ieDonald! leer Commissioner eet. seit. eee ern hee Irvington. Sa walkins Matthews) secretary mace ws acta eae a ease reer eer Oak Hall. Georges. Ba Keezelll et 2 Fees rete ores ray Sea Oar ca aN a Keezleton. eI. FV OOK OR sok aes. Moker oe Gare eS ee A IS UA I Stuart. lam, Massie’ i 30.5) 5. a2 sd Sareea dyed ea tS iee rare ehy ee ale hed oe Tyro. 86 COMMISSIONERS OF INLAND FISHERIES. WASHINGTON. DEPARTMENT OF FISHERIES AND GAME. BOARD OF FISH COMMISSIONERS. Groyenmors ie (Bre Megan. ial) 2 Ua ae ck 80 22 ae a ae an Olympia. Statevireasurer, John: Whewisy<)s2) AM. Seas cisitaeleeaenc ePrints Olympia. STATE FISH COMMISSIONER AND GAME WARDEN. WestT VIRGINIA. FOREST, GAME, AND FISH WARDEN. SEMAN ICUEREMIY ey suai funNe La UAa hahee kM Eee Eaa eT iia PRAT Gk A ee Bellington. WISCONSIN. COMMISSIONERS OF FISHERIES. EMG OM CYNOT ACEO PICO ue ice. deaths aac ashe hadsy Hele ons uate vengra aaa e ea Madison. PabewAlfords rest Cum fs! Ne oi NE Ee OI Nett eR De ae iy eo an Madison. NMR OSOOII. ViLCem=TROSTOCNE . ooic chk Rl eaie AHL Wier oie se a ER Oskhosh. RERUNS SEE SS COREEEIIN ic. a,'6 Ci aa UeN iek ora auecid ote eich aia oa hori fe oi toiad sane ee aae Madison. EO AON OUGUISH NY oem 652. 5 Negara ine UNL Ms cag) Roa de es ecg Appleton. pl tse) eA ANAS OIE ck) 5 RRND any carpet US (ale Cul Oh aS iC Ne oks aN ea Madison. Greaney) Wipe ke cmmmey 8 622) Oi aT MS Sa NINES oe NR RO ah Ph ue Milwaukee. SUMARIO ESUUETIS MMMM) C2 NR NFA ee MD CA Ue 8 a La Crosse. James Nevin, Superintendent of Fisheries.........0.0. 0600 ccc ee enes Madison WYOMING. WYOMING FISH COMMISSION. Joan» Bathe; Commissioner, (District No. oT.) oii os Oe less hae bales Laramie. it ©) Sehileicher Commissioner, District No.2... 0s) eee eh aeac cs ean Story. APPENDIX C. TITLES OF SPECIAL PAPERS PUBLISHED IN THE ANNUAL REPORTS OF THE COMMISSIONERS OF INLAND FISH- ERIES OF THE STATE OF RHODE ISLAND. Mrap, A. D. The Starfish. (First paper.) Twenty-eighth Annual Report. 1898. Meap, A.D. The Starfish. (Second paper.) Twenty-ninth Annual Report. 1899. Tower, R. W. Improvements in the Methods of Preparation of Fish for Shipment. Twenty-ninth Annual Report. 1899. Boumpus, H. C. The Extension of the Commercial Fisheries of the State. Twenty-ninth Annual Report. 1899. Ketioa, J. L. The Life History of the Common Clam. Twenty-ninth Annual Report. 1899. Mason, N. R. A List of the Diatoms Found in the Water over the Clam, Mussel, and Oyster Beds in Narragansett Bay. Thirtieth Annual Report. 1900. Merap, A. D. Observations on the Soft-shell Clam. Thirtieth Annual Report. 1900. Meap, A. D. Observations on the Soft-shell Clam. (Second paper.) Thirty-first An- nual Report. 1901. } Risser, J.R. Habits and Life History of the Scallop. Thirty-first Annual Report. 1901. Merap, A. D. Habits and Growth of Young Lobsters and Experiments in Lobster Cul- ture. Thirty-first Annual Report. 1901. Meap, A. D. Observations on the Soft-shell Clam. (Third paper.) Thirty-second An- nual Report. 1902. Meap, A.D. Habits and Growth of Young Lobsters and Experiments in Lobster Cultures (Second paper.) Thirty-second Annual Report. 1902. Meap, A. D. and WituiaMs, L. W. Habits and Growth of the Lobster and Experiments in Lobster Culture. (Third paper.) Thirty-third Annual Report. 1903. Meap, A. D. and Barnes, E.W. Observations on the Soft-shelled Clam. (Fourth paper.) Thirty-third Annual Report. 1903. Meap, A. D. and Barnes, E. W. Observations on the Soft-shell Clam. (Fifth paper.) Thirty-fourth Annual Report. 1904. Barnes, E. W. Preliminary Inquiry into the Natural History of the Paddler Crab (Calli- nectes hastatus) with Remarks on the Soft-shell Crab Industry of Rhode Island. Thirty-fourth Annual Report. 1904. Meap, A. D. Experiments in Lobster Culture. (Fourth paper.) Thirty-fourth Annual Report. 1904. Mrap, A. D. Experiments in Lobster Culture. (Fifth paper.) Thirty-fifth Annual Report. 1905. Havtey, P. B. Changes in Form and Color in Successive Stages of the American Lobster. Thirty-fifth Annual Report. 1905. Emme, V. E. The Regeneration of Lost Parts in the Lobster. Thirty-fifth Annual Report. 1905. Tracy, H.C. A List of the Fishes of Rhode Island. Plates I-XII. Thirty-sixth Annual Report. 1906. Tracy, H. C. The Common Fishes of the Herring Family. Plates VII~XII. Thirty- sixth Annual Report. 1906. 40. 41. APPENDIX. Barnes, E W. Methods of Protecting and Propagating the Lobster, with a Brief Out- line of its Natural History. Plates XIJI-XXVI and XXVIII, XXXI, XXXII, XXXVI. Thirty-sixth Annual Report. 1906. Haver, P. B. Regarding the Rate of Growth of the American Lobster. Plates XX VI- XXXVII,and XL. Thirty-sixth Annual Report. 1906. Haptey, P. B. Observations on Some Influences of Light upon the Larval and Early Adolescent Stages of Homarus Americanus. Plates XXXVIII-XL. Thirty-sixth Annual Report. 1906. Emmet, V. E. The Relation of Regeneration to the Molting Process in the Lobster. Plates XL-XLI. Thirty-sixth Annual Report. 1906. Tracy, H. C. The Fishes of Rhode Island, III. The Fishes of the Mackerel Family. Thirty-seventh Annual Report, 1907. Tracy, H.C. A List of Rare Fishes taken in Rhode Island in the year 1906. Ti rty- seventh Annual Report, 1907. WixuraMs, Dr. LEonarD W. List of the Rhode Island Copepoda, Phyllopoda, and Os- tracoda, with new species of Copepoda. Thirty-seventh Annual Report, 1907. Emmet! V. E. Regenerated and Abnormal Appendages in the Lobster. Thirty-seventh Annual Report, 1907. Williams, L. W. The Stomach of the Lobster and the Food of Larval Lobsters. Thirty- seventh Annual Report, 1907. Hapuey, P. B. Regarding the Behavior of the Larval and Early Adolescent Stages of the American Lobster. Thirty-seventh Annual Report, 1907. Barnes, E. W. Lobster Culture at Wickford, Rhode Island, in 1906. Thirty-seventh Annual Report, 1907. Barnes, E. W. Lobster Culture at Wickford, Rhode Island in 1907. Thirty-eighth An- nual Report, 1908. Tracy, H.C. The Fishes of Rhode Island V. The Flatfishes. Thirty-eighth Annual Report, 1908. Tracy, H. C. The Fishes of Rhode Island VI. A Description of two young Specimens of Squiteague (Cynoscion regalis) with Notes on the Rate of their Growth. Thirty- eighth Annual Report, 1908. EmMEL, Victor E. The Problem of Feeding in Artificial Lobster Culture. Thirty-eighth Annual Report, 1908. Tracy, H.C. The Fishes of Rhode Island VII. The Life History of the Common Eel. Thirty-ninth Annual Report 1909. Suxtuivan, W. E. Notes on the Crabs Found in Narragansett’ Bay. Thirty-ninth An- nual Report, 1909. Meap, A. D. A Method of Fish Culture and of Transporting Live Fishes. Thirty-ninth Annual Report, 1909. (Paper Presented Before the Fourth International Fishery Congress, Washington, 1908.) Merap, A. D. A Method of Lobster Culture. Thirty-ninth Annual Report, 1908. (Paper Presented Before the International Fishery Congress Washington, 1909.) Tracy, H.C. Annotated List of Fishes Known to Inhabit the Waters of Rhode Island. Fortieth Annual Report, 1910. Barnes, E. W. Notes on the Spring and Summer Fishing in Deep Water off Newport, During the Years 1905-1909. Fortieth Annual Report, 1910. Barnes, E. W. The Plague of Sea Clams at Easton’s Beach, Newport. Fortieth Annual Report, 1910. Hapuey, P. B. Additional Notes Upon the Development of the Lobster. Fortieth Annual Report, 1910. Barnes, E. W. Revised Edition of Methods of Protecting and Propagating the Lob- ster, with a Brief Outline of its Natural History. Plates [V-XXIV. Forty-first An- nual Report, 1911. — ~ =a nt ae eee can pas 5 Wines Ns) i) fay is oF HiDwtt 1 ru Wh dye ny} wth" (i MBL/WHOI LIBRA NMI | Il 1? UW ] Syne X rt * y; . a < a near > 3 +08 od) 2-05 782