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HARVARD UNIVERSITY Library of the

Museum of

Comparative Zoology

ANNUAL REPORT

THE DIRECTOR

OF THE

MUSEUM OF COMPARATIVE ZOOLOGY

AT HARVARD COLLEGE TO THE PRESIDENT AND FELLOWS OF HARVARD COLLEGE

FOR

1919-19.20.

CAMBRIDGE, U. S. A.: PRINTED FOR THE MUSEUM. 1920.

REPORTS ON THE SCIENTIFIC Resuuts OF THE EXPEDITION TO THE ‘East. ERN TROPICAL PACIFIC, IN CHARGE OF ALEXANDER AGassiz, BY THE U. S. Fis Commission Steamer “ALBATROSS,” FROM OcTOBER, 1904, to Marcu, 1905, Lieurenant ComMMANDER L. M. Garrett, U. 8S. N., CoMMANDING, PUBLISHED OR IN PREPARATION: —~

. A. KOFOID. Protozoa.

. A. KOFOID and J. R. MICHENER. XXII.2 The Protozoa. A. KOFOID and E. J. RIGDEN.

‘TI3 IX XX The

A. AGASSIZ. V5 Expedition.

A. AGASSIZ. I.1 Three Letters to Geo. M. Bowers, U. S. Fish Com.

H. B. BIGELOW. XVI.16 The Medusae.

General Repurt on the

XXIV.4. The P.

H. B. BIGELOW. XXIIL® The Sipho- e Protozoa ; nophores. 4 Tide {EE .

H. B. BIGELOW. XXVI% The Cteno- shes Stee FELD. XXI." The phores.

VON LENDENFELD. — ~ XXIX. Hexactinellida. Pe Sue Fy W. MULLER. The Ostracods.

R. P. BIGELOW. The Stomatopods.

C C C P. KRUMBACH.: ‘The Sagittae. ex R R O. CARLGREN. The Actinaria. G.

R. V. CHAMBERLIN. XXXI.%t The | JoHN MURRAY and G. V. LEE. XVII. ‘Annelids. The Bottom Specimens.

H. L. CLARK. XXXIJI.%3 The Holo- MARY J. RATHBUN. X.° The Gaus 3 thurians. tacea Decapoda.

H. L. CLARK. XXXII. The Starfishes. | HARRIET RICHARDSON. II2 The

H. L. CLARK. XXX.30 The Ophiurans. Isopods. iG

S. F. CLARKE. VIII.2 The Hydroids. W. E. RITTER. IV‘ The Tunicates.

W. R. COE. The Nemerteans.

L. J. COLE. XIX.19 The Pycnogonida.

W.H. DALL. XIV.4 The Mollusks.

C. R. EASTMAN. VII.?. The Sharks’ Teeth.

S. GARMAN. XII.2. The Reptiles.

H. J. HANSEN. The Cirripeds.

H. J. HANSEN. XXVII2 The Schizo- pods.

W. E. HOYLE. The Cephalopods.

W. C. KENDALL and L. RADCLIFFE. XXV.% The Fishes.

G. O. SARS. The Copepods. :

F. E. SCHULZE. Xl." The Xenophyo- : phoras.

HARRIET R. SEARLE. XXVIII.28 pods.

H. R. SIMROTH. Pteropods, Heteropods.

E.C.STARKS. XIII." Atelaxia.

TH. STUDER. The Alcyonaria.

JH. THIELE. XV.% Bathysciadium.

T. W. VAUGHAN. VI.* The Corals.

R. WOLTERECK. XVIII.8 The phipods.

Tso-

Am- 2

‘Bull. M. C. Z., Vol. XLYVI., No. 4, April, 1905, 22 pp.

2 Bull. M. C. Z., Vol. XLVI,. No. 6, July, 1905, 4 pp., 1 pl.

$’ Bull. M. C. Z, Vol. XLVI., No. 9, September, 1905, 5 pp., 1 pl. .4Bull. M. C. Z., Vol. XLVI., No. 13, January, i906, 22 pp., 3 pls.

5 Mem. M.C. Z., Vol. XXXIII., January, 1906, 90 pp., 96 pls.

6 Bull. M. C. Z., Vol. L., No. 3, August, 1906, 14 pp., 10 pls.

7 Bull. M. C. Z., Vol. L., No. 4, November, 1906, 26 pp., 4 pls.

8 Mem. M. C. Z., Vol. XXXYV., No. 1, February, 1907, 20 pp., 15 pls.

9 Bull. M. C. Z., Vol. L.., No. 6, February, 1907, 48 pp., 18 pls.

10 Mem. M. C. Z., Vol. XXXV, No. 2, August, 1907, 56 pp., 9 pls. 2%

1 Bull. M. C. Z., Vol. LI., No. 6, November, 1907, 22 pp., 1 pl. is

2 Bull, M. C, Z.. Vol. LII., No. 1, June, 1908, 14 pp., 1 pL

18 Bull. M. C. Z., Vol. LII., No. 2, July, 1908, 8 pp., 5 pls.

14 Bull. M.C. Z., Vol. XLIII., No. 6, October, 1908, 285 pp.. 22 pls.

1% Bull. M. C. Z., Vol. LIT., No. 5, October, 1908, 11 pp., 2 pls.

16 Mem. M. C. Z., Vol. XXXVII., February, 1909, 243 pp., 48 pls. hes 17 Mem. M. C. Z., Vol. XX XVIII., No. 1, June, 1909, 172 pp., 5 pls., 3 maps. oe % Bull. M. C. Z., Vol. LII., No. 9, June, 1909, 26 pp., 8 pls. |

# Bull. M. C. Z., Vol. LIl., No. 11, August, 1909, 10 pp., 3 pls.

2 Bull: M. C. Z., Vol. LITI., No. 13, September, 1909, 48 pp., 4 pls. eee

2: Mem. M. C. Z., Vol. XLI1., August, September, 1910, 323 pp., 56 pls.

22 Bull. M. C. Z., Vol. LIV., No. 7, August, 1911, 38 pp. .

23 Mem. M. C. Z., Vol. XXXVIII., No. 2, December, 1911, 232 pp., 32 pls. sont = #4 Bull. M.C. Z., Vol. LIV., No. 10, February, 1912, 16 pp., 2 pls. 2 ‘ ae: % Mem. M. C. Z., Vol. XXXV., No. 3, April, 1912, 98 pp., 8 pls. : ee % Bull. M. C. Z., Vol. LIV., No. 12, April, 1912, 38 pp., 2 pls. * 27 Mem. M. C. Z., Vol. XXXV., No. 4, July, 1912, 124 pp., 12 pls. :

% Ball. M. C. Z., Vol..LVIII., No. 8, August, 1914, 14 pp. a

2 Mem. M. C. Z., Vol. XLII., June, 1915, 397 pp., 109 pls. ‘ S

<0 Bull. M. C. Z., Vol. LXI., October, 1917, 28 pp., 5 pls.

31 Mem. M. C. Z., Vol. XLVI, July, 1919, 514 pp., 80 pls. Pg ie eet

8 Mem. M. C. Z., Vol. XX XIX, No. 3, February, 1920, 46 pp. 6 pls. ‘ Bin oes

33 Mem. M. ©. Z., Vol. XX XIX, Nee 4, gevreue 1920, 40> PP.» icart S ;

— eee > >» ) Se te “ eh ¥ wd it’ ve ha, = Ss ms ee Be - 7 " 3 é

has Sa *e. i

“ANNUAL REPORT

THE DIRECTOR

a. OF THE Re

MUSEUM OF COMPARATIVE ZOOLOGY

~ 7 : AT HARVARD COLLEGE

. | | ‘TO THE

IDENT AND FELLOWS OF HARVARD COLLEGE oe | wi :

1919-1920.

n CAMBRIDGE, U. S. A.: _ PRINTED FOR THE MUSEUM. ne 1920.

MUSEUM OF COMPARATIVE ZOOLOGY.

Faculty.

ABBOTT LAWRENCE LOWELL, President.

HENRY P. WALCOTT.

SAMUEL HENSHAW, Director.

GEORGE L. GOODALE. JOHN E. THAYER.

Committee on the Museum.

HENRY P. WALCOTT.

SAMUEL HENSHAW SAMUEL GARMAN OUTRAM BANGS HUBERT L. CLARK... HENRY B. BIGELOW . . ROBERT W. SAYLES .. PERCY E. RAYMOND THOMAS BARBOUR...

RALPH V. CHAMBERLIN .

JOHN C. PHILLIPS . NATHAN BANKS

REGINALD A. DALY . EDWARD L. MARK... . GEORGE H. PARKER. . WILLIAM E. CASTLE . . WILLIAM M. WHEELER ROBERT DeC. WARD . LOUIS C. GRATON HERBERT W. RAND . . JAY B. WOODWORTH. . PERCY E. RAYMOND . . CHARLES T. BRUES. .

GEORGE NELSON. ....

GEORGE L. GOODALE.

Officers. ,

. Director. . Curator of Reptiles, Amphibians, and Fishes.

Curator of Mammals and Birds.

. Curator of Echinoderms.

. Curator of Coelenterates.

. Curator of the Geological Collections.

. Curator of Invertebrate Palaeontology.

. Associate Curator of Reptiles and Amphibi-

ans. Curator of Arachnids, Myriopods, and Worms.

. . Associate Curator of Birds.

Curator of Insects. Preparator.

. Sturgis Hooper Professor of Geology. . Hersey Professor of Anatomy. . Professor of Zoology. . Professor of Zoélogy. . Professor of Economic Entomology. . . Professor of Climatology. . Professor of Economic Geology. . Assistant Professor of Zoélogy. . Associate Professor of Geology. . Associate Professor of Palaeontology. . Assistant Professor of Economic Entomology.

REPORT.

To THE PRESIDENT AND FELLOWS oF HARVARD COLLEGE: —

Most of the instruction and the opportunities for research in Zoodlogy, Geology, and Geography in Harvard University and in Radcliffe College during the Academic year 1919-1920 were given, as in recent years, in the Laboratories and Lecture Rooms of the Museum.

The sixteen courses or half courses in Zodlogy were taken by 317 students in Harvard University, and the seven courses or half courses were taken by 88 students in Radcliffe College.

In 1918-1919 these courses and students were: —

Harvard:— 14 courses, 222 students.

Radcliffe:— 6 courses, 81 students.

In Geology and Geography thirty courses or half courses were taken by 504 students in Harvard University and eight courses or half courses were taken by 126 students in Radcliffe College.

In 1918-1919 these courses and students were: —

Harvard:— 19 courses, 333 students.

Radcliffe:— 2 courses, 23 students.

The field-work undertaken during the year, while limited in the aggregate, has given some interesting results. Prof. P. E. Ray- mond spent six weeks on the borders of Lake Champlain in Ver- mont and New York, collecting in the Chazy and nearby forma- tions. On Isle La Motte, Vermont, he secured the largest known Palaeozoic sponge and some corals from the oldest known coral reef. Professor Raymond also discovered an apparently new locality for Palaeozoic fossils in Topsfield, and collected a number of specimens from some of the already known localities in the vicinity of Boston.

For somewhat more than three months, February to June 1920, the U. S. Fisheries Steamer ALBATROSS carried on a successful exploration in the Gulf of Maine and adjacent waters. As in recent years, the scientific work of the ALBATROss in the Gulf of Maine was under Dr. H. B. Bigelow’s direction, and he was in

4 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE

personal charge during a part of this season’s cruise. The work included a general hydrographic survey of the Gulf of Maine, Georges Bank, and the continental shelf south of Cape Sable, with the usual trawl- and net-hauls, temperature and tidal data, etc.

Mr. E. R. Dunn spent the summer of 1919 in the mountains of Virginia, North Carolina, Alabama, and Tennessee, and secured a large series of reptiles and amphibians. Mr. Dunn’s work in Costa Rica during July, 1920, will be noticed in the Report for 1920-1921.

Mr. W. 8. Brooks worked with Dr. Thomas Barbour during the winter and early spring, collecting in Cuba and among the Florida Keys; they secured many desirable mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians, and fishes. Mr. Brooks also spent several weeks on Anticosti where he collected a few mammals and birds and a small series of shells and insects. Prof. Theodore Lyman kindly aided — Mr. Brooks’s work in Anticosti.

Dr. G. M. Allen visited Haiti during August and early Septem- ber, 1919, and though unsuccessful in his search among the cave- deposits, the main object of his trip, he collected a few bats, and a number of reptiles, three of the latter proving new species. The field-work of Dr. Allen and Messrs. Dunn and Brooks was due to ° the generous assistance of Dr. Thomas Barbour, who also provided for some additional work upon the collections.

The ornithological and conchological departments have benefited by the voluntary work of Messrs. T. E. Penard and E. G. Hum- phrey, to whom the thanks of the Museum are due. The excel- lent condition of the large collection of Araneae is owing to the interest and care bestowed upon it by Miss E. B. Bryant. ~The William Brewster bequest constitutes not only the most important accession received during the year, but one of the chief scientific acquisitions received since the foundation of the Museum in 1859.

The terms of the bequest are printed as Appendix A (infra, p. 42). 7

The bequest includes: —1. Collection of mounted birds and bird skins. 2. Collection of nests and eggs. 3. Collecting — apparatus. 4. Books, pamphlets, prints, and Audubon portrait.

MUSEUM OF COMPARATIVE ZOOLOGY. 9)

5. Manuscript journals, note books, etc. 6. $60,000.— to es- tablish a fund for the ornithological department. (The income available on the termination of certain life interests).

The series of bird skins and mounted birds, approximately 40,000 in number is almost wholly American; it represents Mr. Brewster’s personal collecting, chiefly in New England, in the middle west, the Southern States, and in Trinidad, supplemented by material acquired by exchange and purchase. Though the greater part of the collection is from a somewhat limited number of localities, there are few of the states from Maine to Washington that are not more or less adequately represented, while the large series of many of the species will allow many advantageous ex- changes. The whole collection is thoroughly catalogued and its excellent condition is well known to ornithologists.

The Brewster collection of nests and eggs is also very large and fills a want most generally felt, as the odlogical side of ornithology has been inadequately. developed. The T. M. Brewer collection received in 1875, though of considerable historical value, is made up very largely of single, end-blown eggs; the Brewster collection, on the other hand, consists of entire clutches conserved with much nicety.

‘The additions to the Library, while principally relating to birds, include many volumes dealing with other lines of zodlogical work, travels and voyages, and complete files of Forest and Stream, Rod and Gun, and a number of similar serials. Among the orni- thological items are most of the earlier short-lived serials, not easily obtained today, many authors’ separates, chiefly systematic and faunal, and a very considerable number of the numerous popular books of recent years. The Brewster accessions, recorded to 1 August, number 1,701 titles.

Mr. Brewster’s journals and note-books record with unusual felicity his field observations for a term of forty-nine years. The Museum hopes to publish his Concord Notes and those relating to the Birds of Lake Umbagog. About one half of the latter was practically ready for the printer at the time of Mr. Brewster’s death, and it is to be regretted that the funds of the Museum and the copy prepared by members of the Museum staff awaiting publication, preclude a prompt issuance of the same.

6 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE

The income of the Brewster Fund, when available, will enable the department of ornithology to secure some of the desirable specimens which are from time to time offered for sale.

So large an acquisition as the Brewster collection of bird skins, and the proper interpolation of the same in the Museum series, could not be accomplished readily at any time, and it is owing to the kindness of Dr. E. L. Mark, who has allowed the storage of very many of the Brewster cases in the central space of the large zoological laboratory adjacent to the ornithological collections, that the immediate use of the Brewster collection of bird skins is possible. It is only through Dr. Mark’s good offices, the invasion of rooms devoted to departments other than ornithology, and the closing of one of the exhibition rooms, that the temporary storage of the Brewster collection has been brought about. And this crowded and unsatisfactory condition, though emphasized by the Brewster bequest, is not confined to the ornithological depart- ment. It is true with hardly an exception in all departments; the great gift of the Nathan Banks entomological collections would add little to the scientific resources of the Museum were they not still in charge of their generous donor; the recent addi- tions to the department of invertebrate palaeontology are stored, rather than conveniently arranged for reference and study; the collections of recent Echini, one of the great treasures of the Museum, are housed in part in the basement, in part on the fifth floor, with the work room of the Curator on the second floor, and the collections of lower vertebrates are similarly disunited.

Relief from this condition can be obtained by the removal of zoological instruction from the Museum to a nearby biological laboratory building, an event of three-fold consequence: facilities for research would be enlarged, an ever present and ever increas- ing menace to the Museum collections would be eliminated, and it would provide for the growth and expansion of lines of work which should not be carried on in a building containing typical historical material, coincident from the beginning of systematic zoology to the present day.

For an accession of unique interest and value, the Museum is indebted to the American Museum of Natural History. At the second meeting of the American Association for the Advancement

MUSEUM OF COMPARATIVE ZOOLOGY. a

of Science, held in Harvard Hall, Cambridge, 14 August, 1849, Prof. Louis Agassiz read a paper “On the fossil remains of an elephant found in Vermont”’ stating that the specimens which were found “a few weeks ago, in the construction of the Rutland and Bur- lington Railroad, upon the slope of Mount Holly * * * had been presented to the museum of the Lawrence Scientific School by Mr. Samuel Henshaw, of Boston. * * * He considered this a very valuable contribution to the scientific school; but he was sorry to say that it was in itself the museum, which was just beginning to be formed.” Professor Agassiz mentions a tooth and tusk only; in 1852, however, Dr. J. C. Warren, in his “Mastodon giganteus of North America,” records as received from the same locality and donor “some vertebrae and ribs,” and in the second edition of his work, (Boston, 1855), Dr. Warren gives an excellent figure, (Plate 28B), of the tooth. The whole of this Vermont material was doubtless in Dr. Warren’s hands for study, and remained in the Warren Museum, Chestnut Street, Boston, until 1906, when the late Mr. John P. Morgan presented the Warren Collec- tion to the American Museum. The identity of the Vermont material was established by Mr. Walter Granger, and the Ameri- can Museum, with a nice sense of right which recalls the position taken by Sir Joseph Banks in restoring natural history collections to France, sent the tooth to Cambridge, and most generously added the specimens originally given to Dr. Warren, in order that all the specimens of “the first true elephant found in a fossil state in the Northern American States “might be kept together. The tusk mentioned by Professor Agassiz has not been traced, and quite possibly may have disintegrated. Thus, though the col- lections forming the museum of the Lawrence Scientific School came by heritage to the Museum of Comparative Zodlogy, the first recorded specimen in the collection of the School dates as a Museum of Comparative Zodlogy accession from July, 1920, more than sixty years after the laying of the corner stone of the present Museum in June, 1859.

The Museum is indebted to Mrs. Margaret Stearns for the C. A. Stearns collection of shells, a collection of more than 2,000 species, with many specimens exceptional for size and beauty. The series from Lower California is of distinct scientific value as a record

8 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE

of the work of one of the ablest students of Pacific Coast Mollusca, the late R. E. C. Stearns.

The collections of mammals, birds, reptiles, and amphibians, have received many additions, the generous gifts of Dr. Thomas Barbour. A second series, 350 species, of Japanese shells, choice specimens selected from the stock of Y. Hirase, is also the gift of Dr. Barbour. An excellent series of nearly 300 skins of mam- mals, largely with skulls, chiefly from western North America, is the gift of Dr. L. C. Sanford.

The Museum is indebted to Dr. R. V. Chamberlin for a collec- tion of fossils from Utah; to Prof. C. C. Nutting for a collection of echinoderms; to the American Museum of Natural History for twenty-two species of land mollusks from the Belgian Congo; to the Bermuda Biological Station for Research, Dr. E. L. Mark, Director, for many marine mollusks from Bermuda; to Dr. R. C. Murphy for a collection of arachnids from the Guano Islands of Peru; to Mr. F. C. Bowditch for a large series of Chrysomelidae; to Mr. G. H. Edwards for the tooth of a fossil elephant from Mon- tana; to Mr. Heyward Cutting for an Alaskan Moose, and to Col. John E. Thayer for a series of small mammals from New Mexico.

From Dr. L. C. Sanford the Museum has received in exchange a series of 73 species, 101 specimens of bird skins, and from the U. S. National Museum, 59 species, 192 specimens; both series contain many species new to the collection of the Museum; those from the United States National Museum were obtained by Mr. H. C. Raven in Celebes, Dr. Sanford’s from many localities not well represented in most collections.

These accessions and those received during recent years show a growth that justifies the hope that the Museum will, in the near future, afford adequate facilities for the systematic study of the birds of the World. In the Sharpe Hand List 2,647 genera of recent birds are recognized; the Museum collection at present contains specimens of 2,204 genera.

Dr. G. M. Allen worked three days each week upon the collec- tions of Mammals. He continued his study of the fossils collected in the early Eighties by Messrs. Garman, Clifford, and Sternberg, in the Tertiary formations of the Middle North American states.

MUSEUM OF COMPARATIVE ZOOLOGY. 9

He also attended to the usual exchanges and loans, supervised the use of the collection by graduate students and others, and com- pleted a study of the Dogs of the American Aborigines, and one on the cranium of a new fossil cetacean.

Mr. James L. Peters was employed for five months assisting Mr. Bangs in the arrangement and identification of the collection of bird skins.

Mr. W. F. Clapp’s work upon the collection of mollusks has been divided between the care of accessions, old and new, several thou- sand lots, and a continuance of a study preparatory to a report on the Mollusca collected by Dr. W. M. Mann in the Solomon Islands.

Mr. George Nelson, whose skill and versatility as a Museum Preparator has been noted in many recent reports, has mounted for exhibition a number of mammals, birds, and reptiles, prepared, mounted, and repaired many skins and skeletons of birds and mammals, developed, restored, and cast many fossils; his knowl- edge and expertness in photographic work, and his mechanical handiwork have been most serviceable. Mr. Nelson’s selection by Dr. L. C. Sanford, as the Preparator to make over and remount - the Audubon Great Auk, was a deserved recognition of his un- usual ability, and the result is most satisfactory and gratifying alike to Mr. Nelson, Dr. Sanford, and the Museum. |

Mr. Richard Bliss, whose death occurred at Newport, 7 January, 1920, served as a Museum Assistant for several years, aiding Professor Agassiz in the care of the ichthyological collections. Professor Agassiz’s most interesting letter answering Mr. Bliss’s application for admission as agspecial student at the Museum is printed as Appendix B (infra p. 42, 43).

Additional letters of Louis Agassiz to Prof. Benjamin Peirce and Dr. J. B. Holder, the latter the gift of Mrs. C. F. Holder, have been received during the year.

The Library contains 57,414 volumes, and 59,986 pamphlets; 1,610 volumes and 2,278 pamphlets have been received during the year. Mr. Brewster’s bequest included, in addition to the books and pamphlets already mentioned, William Stone’s admirable copy of Healey’s portrait of Audubon, and a few Auduboniana given Mr. Brewster by Audubon’s granddaughter, Miss Maria _Audubon. From Mr. Banks the entomological section of the

10 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE

Library has received many additions of recent books and author’s separates, and Prof. W. M. Davis, Sturgis Hooper Professor of Geology, emeritus, following the policy of his distinguished pre- decessor, adds each year many volumes and pamphlets to the Whitney Library.

A profile plaque of Prof. Jules Marcou by Max Daudet is the kind gift of Mrs. Powell. A volume of the records of the Harvard Natural History Society, with much contemporaneous corre- spondence, has been received from Dr. R. M. Field.

Miss E. L. Anthony resigned her position in the Library in September, 1919. Her term of employment began in 1869; for some years she assisted in the conchological department but most of the time she served faithfully in the Library. Her Mu- seum associates were glad to join in testifying their regard and to wish her many years of contentment.

The publications of the year include one number of the Memoirs, eight numbers of the Bulletin, and the Annual Report, a total of 749 (46 quarto and 703 octavo) pages, illustrated by 25 (6 quarto and 19 octavo) plates. The number of the Memoirs contains a report on the collection of Asteroidea (Star-fishes) obtained during the expedition to the Eastern Tropical Pacific, in charge of Mr. Agassiz, by the U. S. Fish Commission Steamer ALBATROSS, in 1904-1905. One of the Bulletins contains a report on the birds collected during the expedition of the ALBATROsS in the Tropical Pacific in 1899-1900; the other Bulletins, seven in number, are reports based on Museum collections.

SAMUEL HENSHAW, Director.

MUSEUM OF COMPARATIVE ZOOLOGY. 11

REPORT ON THE ZOOLOGICAL LABORATORY.

By E. L. Marx.

During the year 1919-1920 the courses of instruction in Zodlogy were substantially the same as in the period immediately preceding the entrance of the United States into the War, and were given by the same instructors. The number of students who completed each of the courses is given, as heretofore, in tabular form. Table _ I shows for each course the number of Harvard students from each of the classes of Harvard College and other schools represented, and Table II the same for each of the classes of Radcliffe College.

TABLE I.

Courses Graduates | 1919-1920 A. &S.| Ap. 5. . | Jun. |Soph.|Fresh.| Uncl.| OcC.| Sp. |Med.! Total

Zoology 1 —

bo Pa Se SL

Poo LS |] oe oe 4 | sora ee | bo

me He Ot bo

2 2 3 6 5 2 5 2 1 1

40-+-5|8+3| 19 | 49] 65} 51] 41 | 26; 9] 1 |309+8

Note: Numbers in italics refer to students attending the lectures, but not enrolled in the course.

12 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE

TABLE II

pate’ Sen. Jun. Soph. | Fresh. | Uncl. Sp. Total

Zoology 1 10 9 13 9 5 2 48 F 3 3 1 1 oe 1 1+1| 7+1

a 4 4 7 1 aoa 1 3 13

- 5a 2 5 1 a= 1 — 9

% 146 1 5 f = 38 wee: a. z

. 3 2 1 me Zia = bea 3

F 20g a 1 aS = = = 1

Sums 22 29 17 9 8 | 3+1 | 88+1

The assistants in the courses were: — Zodlogy 1, Harvard: chief-assistants, Messrs. S. W. Chase and H. G. Coar, sub-assist-_ ants, Messrs. J. F. Fulton, Jr., A. S. Gilson, Jr., V. Obreshkove, and G. C. Wheeler. Radcliffe: assistants, Messrs. S. W. Chase, H. G. Coar, and G. C. Wheeler. Zodlogy 3, Harvard: chief- assistant, Mr. C. S. Simkins, sub-assistants, Messrs. A. S. Gilson, Jr., and L. C. Wyman; Radcliffe, assistant, Mr. E. R. Dunn. Zoology 4, Harvard, assistant, Mr. J. M. D. Olmsted: Radcliffe, assistant, Mr. J. F. Fulton, Jr. Zodlogy 5a, Harvard and Radcliffe, assistant, Mr. C. S. Simkins. Zodlogy 12, Harvard, assistant, Mr. J. M. D. Olmsted.

Courses 7a, 7c, and 10 were given at the Bussey Institution, all others in Cambridge. Of the Harvard students in Zodlogy 14b, five took the course with work in the laboratory; of the Radcliffe students, one. In Zodlogy 17, four Harvard students and one Radcliffe student took the course with work in the laboratory.

The University Extension Course in Elementary Zodlogy,— fifteen lectures accompanied with laboratory exercises — was given by Professor Parker, during the first half year. Eight persons attended the course, five of whom took the examination. The assistants were Messrs. S. W. Chase, and H. G. Coar.

The privileges of the Laboratory were granted during the first half year to Professor A. O. Gross of Bowdoin College, who worked chiefly under the direction of Professor Parker, and for a short

MUSEUM OF COMPARATIVE ZOOLOGY. 13

period during the second half year to Professor T. Kawamura of Kyoto University, Japan, also working under Professor Parker.

The aggregate research work carried on was counted as equiva- lent to courses as follows: —in Harvard, Zoédlogy 20a and 20b, under Professor Mark, four and one half courses; Zodlogy 20c, under Professor Parker, eight and three fourths courses; Zodlogy 20e and 20g, under Associate Professor Rand, four and one half courses; in Radcliffe College, Zodlogy 20g under Associate Profes- sor Rand, one half course.

The degree of Doctor of Philosophy was conferred during the year on four persons: in February, 1920, on Vasil Obreshkove, whose thesis was entitled “The photic reactions of tadpoles in relation to the Bunsen-Roscoe law,” and on James Montrose Duncan Olmsted, whose thesis was entitled “Experiments on the olfactory and gustatory organs of Amiurus nebulosus (Lesueur) ”’; in June on Edward Frederick Adolph, whose thesis was entitled “A quantitative study of the interrelations of oxygen and carbon dioxide with haemoglobin in blood”; and on Herbert Greenleaf Coar, whose thesis was entitled “The shell of Balanus eburneus: A contribution to the study of the operculate Cirripedia.’”’ In June Samuel Wood Chase was recommended for the degree of Ph.D. to be conferred at mid-year 1921, he having presented a thesis — “The mesonephros and urogenital ducts of Necturus maculosus, Rafinesque’”— which was approved, and having passed the doctor’s examination on June 9, 1920.

Two students and the Director spent about six weeks at the Bermuda Biological Station, which was open from the twenty-first of June till the sixth of August.

The Harvard Table at the Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, was shared by two graduate students, that of Radcliffe College by a graduate and an undergraduate, of the class of 1922, of Radcliffe College.

Aid to the amount of $370.00 was furnished from the Humboldt Fund to Harvard research students at the Bermuda Station and the Woods Hole Laboratory, the payments, however, fall within the fiscal year 1920-1921.

The Zodlogical Club held twenty-four meetings during the year, at which twenty-five original papers and five reviews were pre-

14 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE

sented. The average attendance was about eighteen. Messrs. Vasil Obreshkove and S. W. Chase were secretaries.

The Contributions from the Zodélogical Laboratory and from the Bermuda Biological Station for Research for the year 1919-1920 are listed on p. 35; other papers under the authors’ names. Numbers 77 to 111, January, 1918 to October, 1919, of the Con- tributions from the Bermuda Station have been bound as volume five.

MUSEUM OF COMPARATIVE ZOOLOGY. 15

REPORT OF THE STURGIS HOOPER PROFESSOR OF ~ GEOLOGY.

By Rearnaup A. DALy.

Apart from the time devoted to teaching and the duties of a department chairman, the year was spent in laboratory and field research. ‘Two papers on the hypothesis of a recent, eustatic shift of sea-level to the amount of about twenty feet, another on the systematic warping of the earth’s crust in the belts marginal to the Pleistocene ice-caps, and a fourth on the relation of the plane- tesimal hypothesis to the earth’s history and constitution were written and published. Laboratory studies on the 1919 collection of Samoan rocks and on the chemical precipitation of limestone were begun. A special investigation of recently published theories of mountain-building was also begun.

During the summer a field revision of data bearing on the post- Glacial warping of the Atlantic coast region was made. De Geer’s measurement of uplift at Mount Desert, Maine, was confirmed. It was found that the zero isobase crosses the Nova Scotia coast between Yarmouth and Digby and runs across northern Nova Scotia to a point on the Strait of Northumberland, north of Pictou. It lies between Port-aux-Basques and St. George’s Bay in south- western Newfoundland, and between Cape Bonavista and Twil- lingate in eastern Newfoundland. As a result of deceptive field appearances and of hasty field work at Signal Hill in 1900, the writer published the statement that St. John’s was uplifted (see Bull. M. C. Z., 1902, 38, p. 258). This assertion is quite wrong, all the coast around the city showing evidence of recent subsidence. _ Many points studied both on the east and west shores of New- foundland as well as on the Canadian and Newfoundland Labrador coast showed that the island has been tilted toward the south, with maximum uplift of 425 to 450 feet at its northern extremity. The 1900 measurement of uplift at and near Battle Harbor, Labrador, was confirmed.

16 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE

REPORT ON THE DEPARTMENT OF GEOLOGY AND GEOGRAPHY.

By Recinatp A. DALY.

The year’s changes in the teaching force of this department included: the much regretted resignation of Professor Atwood, to assume his new duties as President of Clark University; the absence of Professor Graton, on Federal service at Washington; the voluntary service of Professor W. M. Davis (emeritus) in giving advanced instruction in physiography; and in the appoint- ment, as assistants, of Messrs. T. H. Clark, E. C. French, N. E. A. Hinds, P. E. James, A. Wandke, and R. F. Webb. Professor Smyth conducted the course Geology 10, ordinarily given by Professor Graton.

The number of enrollments of students in each course is given in the following table.

Harvard: Geology 4 — Professor Daly; Messrs. Clark, Hinds, James, and Webb ...ccs sel +.4a0) ¥ Peter) ae = 5 — * Woodworth; Mr. Clark 2. 2»... (ae fi 9 — - Daly Mgt BMG yy: os 1 e 10* — ii Smyth; Mr. Wandke 4 « 12 — , Woodworth . ‘ . 13* — £ Smyth 14 : 14 — . Raymond 6 : 15 -— ¢ Woodworth . 5 «“ 16 me “ “ ; : yA n 17* — : SUN YVOH. se 0 en oe tr + * 18a*— Professors Wolff and Palache; Mr. Wandke . 6 “ 19 — Professor Woodworth Hy pee 4 id 20c — 4 Daly 2 - 20d*— 7 Wolff 1 bs 20e — - Woodworth 1 Geography 1 — ? Atwood 46 “ 6 2-5 “ “ 24. “ vf ae “ Z “ 11

* Not included in recent Reports.

ht ~J

MUSEUM OF COMPARATIVE ZOOLOGY.

Geography 19 — Professor Atwood 8

2 20a — Professors Davis and Atwood 7

Meteorology 1 — Professor Ward; Mr. French 48

- 2 — . . ete dee 8

“ 4 <3 «“ “ : 2

: 6* — . McAdie . 6

f ( oe , Ward 5

. 20 — E . ae eet TT 2

Palaeontology 1 — Raymond; Mr. Bradley 21

“ > nities “ “ : P i i ; 8

“ 3 va25 «“ “ 2

“ 20 34.24 “ “ 4

r 504

Radcliffe

Geology cessor WeOdWOKkn 3... . <« + -s «_«, + 209

a “aie 7 r sce! Wet Naet iceeiemiae ind iealag

Geography 1 — A eee a eee Se oS 128 PRG

€ 6 — - fé Pere le. yteysar ad

$ 7 — . x Maid 64sec west, Loryled

Meteorology 1 — ‘: a lt cee

2 3 — + . 3 1 Qe ORE era Palaeontology 1 — ? Ue en ey ee

126

Mr. Roderick Peattie received the degree of Doctor of Philo- sophy, the title of his thesis being “Geographic conditions of the Lower St. Lawrence Valley.” The degree of Master of Arts in geology was conferred on Messrs. I. B. Crosby, N. E. A. Hinds, W. M. Rau, E. F. C. Smith, and A. C. Swinnerton.

Professor Atwood conducted an unusually large number of courses, arousing widespread interest in scientific geography. His resignation and the failure of reappointment of a successor mean that for the near future at least both the University and Radcliffe College must suffer prestige so far as the work of this department is concerned. The department has obviously lost the leadership in geographical studies which it had for many years. During the year Professor Atwood published a highly valuable grammar school geography, based on the well-known work by Frye, but completely rewritten.

* Not included in recent Reports.

18 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE

In addition to his regular courses in geology (5, 12, 15, and 16) Professor Woodworth conducted a course on the elements of seismology (Geology 19) to a few students at their request. In Radcliffe College, he gave two half courses, equivalent to Geology 4 and 5 of the Harvard list.

Professor Woodworth carried on the work of the seismological station. By request the exchange of the monthly bulletin of earthquakes registered at the Station has been extended to the Osaka Meteorological Observatory and to the Central Meteoro- logical Observatory at Tokyo, Japan, beginning January 1, 1920. Mr. Randolph C. Ray, preparator, has given about an hour a day to the routine work of the Station.

As a Geologist of the U. 8S. G. S., Professor Woodworth gave much time to the revision of a report on the geology of Cape Cod and adjacent islands. ‘The summer of 1920 was spent on Martha’s Vineyard. A new locality for the occurrence of the Weyquosque glacial gravels was examined on the land of Mr. Ernest Flanders in Chilmark and a small collection of the water-worn Miocene sharks’ teeth characteristic of this horizon was made. A well- preserved coral or bryozoan found in a chert pebble from the Miocene bed in Gay Cliffs was submitted to Mr. E. O. Ulrich, for a determination of its value as a horizon marker. Other chert pebbles from the same bed have been referred to a Helderberg horizon. Professor Lull of Yale University kindly undertook a study of the vertebrate foot print collected in the upper Carboni- ferous at Attleboro, Mass., in 1916 by Mr. Fred. W. Garnjost.

Professor Ward gave his courses as usual, with the exception of Meteorology 3, which, with the approval of the President, was omitted. Further progress has been made in the preparation of a book on the climatology of the United States, and as President of the American Meteorological Society, a good deal of time has been given to the work of that Society. The summer was spent in the preparation of a presidential address. The Laboratory teaching collections are in good condition.

Professor Raymond gave Palaeontology 1 and 2 in the new form. The former was arranged to illustrate matter of more general interest regarding the progress and evolution of life; the latter takes up the subject of invertebrate Palaeontology from a

4 ¥ at ; o> a

MUSEUM OF COMPARATIVE ZOOLOGY. 19

andpoint. A course in Palaeontology in Radcliffe,

oe

‘for the first time in many years, was completed by eight

ions purchased during the year include two crustaceans

ie Middle Cambrian; a model of a trilobite, a skeleton of

US ; and specimens for the stratigraphic collection were y Messrs. T. H. Clark, N. E. A. Hinds, and R. F. Webb.

20 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE

REPORT ON THE MAMMALS.

By Outram BaAnGs.

During the year 561 specimens were received.

The more important accessions include: a series of nearly 300 skins, mostly with skulls, chiefly from western North America, the gift of Dr. L. C. Sanford; thirty-seven specimens collected in New Mexico, presented by Mr. John E. Thayer; forty-seven specimens from Arizona, twenty-five from Florida, and a number of bats from Haiti, all the gift of Dr. Thomas Barbour.

A young Lion from Franklin Park, the gift of the City of Boston, has been mounted for exhibition.

Single specimens or small series have been presented by Mr. and Mrs. S. K. Lothrop, Messrs. G. M. Allen, Outram Bangs, L. C. Dunn, G. H. Edwards, A. V. Kidder, C. R. Lamb, J. L. Peters, A. 8. Pope, W. L. Smith, and Oliver Trafford. A few specimens were received as the bequest of William Brewster.

Exchanges have been made with Amherst College, the American Museum of Natural History, the Naturhistoriska Riksmuseum, Stockholm, and the South African Museum.

MUSEUM OF COMPARATIVE ZOOLOGY. 21

REPORT ON THE BIRDS.

By Outram BAnGcs.

In addition to the William Brewster bequest of skins, mounted birds, nests and eggs, the largest single accession ever received by the Ornithological Department, 608 bird skins have been added to the collection.

We are indebted to the U. S. National Museum for 192 bird skins from Celebes, twenty-two of the fifty-nine species, hitherto not in the collection; to Dr. Thomas Barbour for twenty skins from Anticosti collected by Mr. W.S. Brooks and for 109 collected by himself and Mr. Brooks in Cuba, Florida, and among the Florida Keys. Single skins or small series have been presented by Miss M. J. Sitgreaves and by Messrs. Thomas Barbour, W. Cameron Forbes, G. E. Hodsdon, F. H. Kennard, T. E. Penard, J. L. Peters, J. C. Phillips, O.. W. Ricketson, L. C. Sanford, C. H. Taylor, Roland Thaxter, and J. E. Thayer.

Specimens have been received in exchange from the U. S. Biological Survey, the Carnegie Museum, and from Messrs. H. R. Coale, J. H. Fleming, Nagamichi Kuroda, L. C. Sanford, and A. T. Wayne; Dr. Sanford’s series consisted of 101 skins, seventy- three species, of which twenty-eight were new to the collection. Skins have been sent in exchange to Messrs. Fleming, Kuroda, Sanford, and Wayne, and to the American Museum of Natural History.

For purposes of study, skins have been loaned to the American Museum of Natural History, the Carnegie Museum, the Field Museum of Natural History, the Museum of Vertebrate Zodlogy, University of California, the U. S. Biological Survey, and to Dr. C. H. Townsend. We are indebted to the American Museum of Natural History, the Carnegie Museum, the Field Museum of Natural History, and the U. S. National Museum, for the loan of many bird skins.

Messrs. T. E. Penard and F. H. Kennard continued their studies during the year, and Mr. J. L. Peters was employed for five months, assisting in the general work of the Department.

724 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE

REPORT ON THE REPTILES AND AMPHIBIANS. By Tuomas BaARBourR.

The year has been an unusually fortunate one as more than the customary amount of interesting material has been received.

Dr. G. M. Allen spent August and September, 1919, in Haiti, visiting also Gonaive Island where several new species were secured, and since that time, thanks to his diligence, most of the new material has been entered on the register and card catalogue and intercalated in the collection.

Mr. E. R. Dunn collected during the summer of 1919 in the high mountains of the Southern States and secured very many beautifully preserved urodeles, as well as other amphibians and some reptiles, in all 855 specimens of 55 species. Early in the summer of 1920 he went to Costa Rica, and the shipments already received indicate that he is reaping a rich harvest both in the tropical lowlands and in the higher altitude.

From December to the end of April, I was in Florida and Cuba, where, with the welcome help from Mr. W. 8. Brooks, many desirable mammals, reptiles, amphibians, and fishes were obtained.

The series of Ranae was revised by Mr. Dunn, and the new cards show that the collection has ninety-eight of the 165 species re- cently recognized by Boulenger. The collection of Urodeles con- tains thirty-five genera and 119 species.

Dr. Mook of the American Museum of Natural History studied the skeletal material of the crocodilians and has borrowed seven skulls and six skeletons. Mr. G. K. Noble of the same Museum has also studied our Peruvian material and 420 specimens have been loaned him for study.

Gifts have been received from the United Fruit Company, Dr. Malcolm Smith, Mr. C. A. Mosier, Mr. Arthur Loveridge, and Mr. E. R. Dunn. |

Excellent material has been obtained by exchange from the

MUSEUM OF COMPARATIVE ZOOLOGY. | 23

| Museum, the Rhodesian Museum, the British Museum, gical Museum of the University of Michigan, the U. S. Juseum, the American Museum of Natural History, and a State Museum. Pe

1ens to complete an old exchange have been sent to the Museum, Pittsburg. —

24 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE

REPORT ON THE FISHES. By SAMUEL GARMAN.

Shrinkages in additions to the collections during the years of the war have permitted more attention to previous donations and purchases, to examinations and comparisons of accumulations of duplicates and other specimens gathered during long periods by many students in the furtherance of their investigations, material laid aside for consideration in times of expected leisure that never came, or had been overlooked in changes of interest. The manipulation of these accretions led to surprises in discovery of un- suspected values, and at the same time induced numerous reduc- tions in bulk on the shelves or in greater increase in economies of alcohol and glass ware.

Among the results in Let oe in the older material has been the discovery or recovery of numerous specimens of historical interest, the importance of which does not diminish in the length of time since their original notices. All this is included in the care of the collections; it was accompanied by skeletal and other anatomical preparations for later publication, by revision of work formerly done, and by continuation of uncompleted researches.

MUSEUM OF COMPARATIVE ZOOLOGY. 25

REPORT ON THE ENTOMOLOGICAL DEPARTMENT. By NatHan BANkKs.

During the past year gifts of specimens have been received from Messrs. C. F. Baker, W. S. Brooks, A. N. Caudell, T. D. A. Cockerell, C. W. Johnson, C. H. Kennedy, C. S. Ludlow, James McDunnough, J. D. Sornborger, W. M. Wheeler, and E. B. Williamson. : .

Several lots of Brazilian Neuroptera, mostly small species, were purchased from Mr. H. 8. Parish.

Much of the time was spent in identifying Neuroptera and Fossorial Hymenoptera, and collections were named for the Boston Society of Natural History, the State Entomologist of _ Pennsylvania, the North Carolina Department of Entomology, Messrs. George Barber, A. P. Morse, and E. M. Walker.

Material from the Rhodesian Museum and the California Academy of Sciences was partly named.

Several hundred types have been located, verified, and num- bered. Species-labels have been written and attached to many thousand specimens. About 8,000 insects have been pinned.

The collection has been inspected twice, and very little infesta- tion seen at either time.

Visitors to study the collection, outside of many visits from local entomologists, were Messrs. M. W. Blackman, R. W. Daw- son, W. T. Davis, A. Emerson, H. C. Fall, M. D. Leonard, E. H. Strickland, R. Webber, and F. X. Williams.

26 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE

REPORT UPON THE MYRIOPODS, ARACHNIDS, AND WORMS.

By Ratrpy V. CHAMBERLIN.

Aside from several smaller lots, the collection of Pacific Coast Polychaeta of the California Academy of Sciences, and a collection of Pacific polychaetes and sipunculids from the Geological Survey of Canada, were received for study during the year. Some time was spent in working up material for reports on the Polychaeta and ‘ Gephyrea of the Canadian Arctic Expedition.

The most important additions of Arachnida included several shipments of material from Prof. C. F. Baker of Los Bajos, Philippines. A collection of arachnids from the Guano Islands of Peru was received for study from Mr. R. C. Murphy and a report was prepared upon the same. ‘The types in this collection have been given to the Museum. Several smaller collections of arach- nids were also identified for individuals and institutions.

Most of the year was devoted to work upon the Myriopoda. ~ The material available from the Bermuda Islands was reviewed and a report upon the fauna of the region was completed. The material from the East Indian Region in the collections of the Museum, excepting important lots from the Philippines recently received from Prof. C. F. Baker, was identified, and a paper de- scriptive of the new forms prepared. A paper was also prepared upon myriopods collected in India by Prof. C. A. Kofoid, to whom the Museum is indebted for the first set of specimens. A revisional study was made of the Mecistocephalidae. The remaining por- tion of the year was given up principally to the study of the Chilopoda and the Diplopoda of the Bryant Walker Expedition to Colombia and British Guiana. A report upon these collections was prepared.

For arachnids and myriopods not otherwise acknowledged the Museum is indebted to Messrs. J. H. Emerton, J. M. Aldrich, H. A. Allard, S. C. Chamberlin, E. R. Sasscer, H. L. Sanford, W. A. Hilton, L. O. Howard, H. E. Hubert, and Frits Johansen.

a

MUSEUM OF COMPARATIVE ZOOLOGY. 27

REPORT ON THE ECHINODERMS.

By Huspert Lyman C.Lark.

Much of the time during the past year has been given to a continuation of the work on the collection of holothurians. The critical study of more than 200 specimens of Stichopus led to the preparation of a report involving the revision of the genus. A ‘similar study has been made of the Synaptinae, resulting in the discovery of seven undescribed species in the Museum collection. During the spring, the Echini taken by the University of Iowa Barbados-Antigua Expedition were studied and a report prepared. Some time has also been given to further study of the brittle-stars of the Amphiuridae.

The accessions for the year were about 200 specimens, chiefly from the University of Iowa, through Prof. C. C. Nutting, and from Mr. D. Thaanum of Hilo, Hawaii. Other donors, to whom thanks are due, were Miss Mildred Bush, Prof. G. H. Parker, Dr. A. G. Mayor, the Bermuda Biological Station, Prof. E. L. Mark, Director, and Mr. W. M. L. Wilson.

28 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE

REPORT ON THE COELENTERATES.

By Henry B. BIGELow.

For accessions during the past year, the Museum is indebted to Prof. G. H. Parker, series of Renilla from San Diego; the Cana- dian Geological Survey, Medusae from British Columbia; Dr. Thomas Barbour, Florida Medusae and Siphonophorae; Dr. H. J. Van Cleave, Medusae from Puget Sound. .

The Autumn was spent in completing the reports on the Cana- dian Arctic Medusae, and on the “Grampus”’ Cruises of 1916.

From the middle of February till the end of May, I was in charge of explorations of the U. S. Fisheries Steamer ALBATROSS, com- mander L. H. Wallace, U. S. N., commanding, in the Gulf of Maine and adjacent waters. Sailing from Norfolk, February 19, the ALBATROSS proceeded to Boston, where I joined her, making, en route, a series of trawl hauls along the outer edge of the con- tinental shelf, and a section across the western end of Georges Bank. A general hydrographic survey of the Gulf of Maine, Georges Bank, and the Continental Shelf south of Cape Sable, Nova Scotia, was carried out during March, and repeated in April to follow the seasonal changes. During the first half of May, the ALBATROSS worked a third set of stations in the western side of the Gulf of Maine, besides conducting a series of experiments on the flotation of the eggs of the haddock; ran a second section across the west end of Georges Bank, and finally returned to Norfolk.

Thanks to the efforts of Commander Wallace, his officers and men, our cruises proved very successful. Notwithstanding the stormy weather to be expected in early spring, we worked 89 stations, took 436 temperatures at serial depths, collected 418 water samples, the salt content of which has since been determined, and made 360 hauls with the various nets. One full tidal record with the Ekman Current Meter was obtained.

As in past years, I have had general supervision of the scluntiae

MUSEUM OF COMPARATIVE ZOOLOGY. 29

observations made by the U. 8. Coast Guard Steamer SENECA on the international ice patrol off the Grand Banks, April-June, by the observer, Mr. A. L. Thuras. Special mention should be made of Mr. Thuras’s perfection of an accurate and convenient ap- paratus for determining the salinity of the sea water on ship board by its electric conductivity.

Since May my time has been occupied with the examination of the Plankton collections of the ALBATROSS.

30 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE

REPORT ON INVERTEBRATE PALAEONTOLOGY.

By P. E. Raymonp.

The Curator spent six weeks of the summer of 1919 in collecting from the Chazy and adjacent formations on the borders of Lake Champlain in Vermont and New York; as a result forty-two drawers of specimens chiefly trilobites, gastropods, and brachio- pods were added to the collection. All have been cleaned, identi- fied, and labeled. Many of the species were described by the Curator in earlier reports on the same region, and are to be found in but few museums. A few undescribed species were obtained. Unique specimens, the largest known Palaeozoic sponge, the largest known hypostoma of a trilobite, and corals from the oldest known coral reef, were discovered on Isle La Motte, Vt.

In the spring and summer of 1920 a number of short trips were made to the fossil-bearing localities in the vicinity of Boston, and a number of specimens collected. What appears to be a new locality for Silurian or Devonian fossils was found in the south- western part of Topsfield by Dr. A. F. Foerste and myself. Dr. Foerste obtained fossils from this neighborhood many years ago, but after a careful search we were not able to rediscover the old collecting place, although the new one is probably in its immediate vicinity.

In addition to the material collected in 1919, a number of smaller collections, mostly in the stratigraphic collection, have been identified, and the Asterozoa have been reidentified and labeled. A study was made of the Archaeocyathinae, about whose structure new facts were discovered, and papers written descriptive of some novel forms of Beatricidae, a starfish, and a crinoid, as well as the results of an investigation into the nature of Phytopsis tubulosa Hall. A report on the Shaler Memorial investigations of 1917 and 1918 was also prepared.

During the year large collections of Silurian Cephalopods and of Cretaceous Bryozoa were loaned to Drs. A. F. Foerste and R. S.

MUSEUM OF COMPARATIVE ZOOLOGY. 31

Bassler respectively for study, and Dr. E. O. Ulrich is using the larger part of our Lichadidae. Two advanced students, Messrs. R. F. Webb and J. H. Bradley, Jr., prepared for publication articles descriptive of fossils belonging to the Museum.

The accessions, in addition to those mentioned, have been as follows: — donations — Messrs. S. W. Chase and Leverett Bradley, Cretaceous fossils from France; Prof. G. H. Parker and Mr. John H. Bradley, Jr., trilobites from British Columbia; Dr. A. F. Foerste, Leperditiae from Topsfield, Mass.; the British Museum (Natural History), through Dr. F. A. Bather, the cast of a speci- men of Isotelus; M. Changanui, Dijon, France, through Prof. A. C. Lane, six species, univalves from Pleistocene near Dijon, R. V. Chamberlin, five drawers of fossils from Utah; by purchase— four crustaceans from British Columbia; seven thin sections of Ordovician fossils; by exchange — E. R. Cumings, University of Indiana, two bags of young shells from Harrodsburg, Ind., Uni- versity of Colorado, through N. E: A. Hinds, fifty-eight species of Pennsylvanian fossils; Prof. W. H. Shidler, Miami University, Ox- ford, Ohio, twelve species Ordovician fossils.

32 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE

REPORT ON THE GEOLOGICAL COLLECTIONS. By R. W. SAyYLEs.

The installation of the unique collection of cave deposits from Bisbee, Arizona, in the new hall case, was successfully accom- plished. The dark hall and artificial lighting give a realistic effect not attainable by sunlight. .

In January, the Curator studied the collection of microscopic slides of slate and shale at the National Museum in Washington, with the object of finding evidences of seasonal deposition. This search resulted in the discovery of probable seasonal banding in lowest Cambrian or latest Proterozoic times. In June, Mr. Allyn C. Swinnerton, a graduate student, was sent to collect specimens and make a field study of some of the slates examined in Washing- ton. His findings corroborated the microscopic evidence noted in the slides. Mr. Swinnerton visited several localities in south- east Tennessee, in New York near Albany, and in western Vermont, and the Cobalt, Ontario, region. The Curator takes this oppor- tunity to express his gratitude to the geologists at Washington for the willing help given him.

The months of February, March, and April, were spent in study- ing the literature bearing on geologic climates.

Mr. Preston E. James gave a splendid slab of glaciated granite from Rockport, Mass. The labels in the Museum have been renewed.

i; Ah . . > 4 7 oh ay oe ‘We , . = ¥ a / 7 ~~ —_ @ 4 ad “ < - 7 LF . ] . rast = ” » 5 ‘ , od e . : z

MUSEUM OF COMPARATIVE ZOOLOGY.

am iphlets | 1s 59, 986.

33

number of volumes in the Library is 57,414, the total

34 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE

PUBLICATIONS FOR THE YEAR 1919-1920 (1 Aueust, 1919 — 31 Juty, 1920).

MuvusEuM OF COMPARATIVE ZOOLOGY.

BULLETIN :— Vol. LXIII.

No. 4. Reports on the scientific results of the expedition to the Tropical Pacific in charge of Alexander Agassiz, on the U. S. Fish Commission Steamer ‘‘ Albatross,” from August, 1899, to March, 1900; Commander Jefferson F. Moser, U. 8. N., commanding. XXI. The birds. By Charles Haskins Townsend and Alexander Wetmore. 78 pp. August, 1919.

No. 5. The Psammocharidae of western North America. By Nathan Banks. 22 pp. September, 1919.

No. 6. Pacific coast Polychaeta collected by Alexander Agassiz. By Ralph V. Chamberlin. 22 pp. 2 plates. November, 1919.

No. 7. The ants of the British Solomon Islands. By William M. Mann. 122 pp. 2 plates. December, 1919.

No. 8. Some amphibians from northwestern Peru, with a revision of the genera Phyllobates and Telmatobius. By Thomas Barbour and G. K. Noble. 36 pp. 3plates. January, 1920.

No. 9. Dogs of the American aborigines. By Glover M. Allen. 89 pp. 12 plates. March, 1920.

Vol. LXIV.

No. 1. The Myriopoda of the Australian region. By Ralph V. Chamber- lin. 270 pp. July, 1920.

No. 2. Some new Ordovician trilobites. By Perey E. Raymond. 26 pp. July, 1920.

MEMOIRS :— Vol. XXXIX.

No. 3. Reports on the scientific results of the expedition to the Eastern Tropical Pacific, in charge of Alexander Agassiz, by the U. 8. Fish Com- mission Steamer ‘‘Albatross,’’. from October, 1904, to March, 1905, Lieut. Commander L. M. Garrett, U. S. N., commanding. XXXII. Asteroidea. By Hubert Lyman Clark. 46 pp. 6 plates. February, 1920.

REPORT :— 1918-1919. 38 pp. December, 1919.

MUSEUM OF COMPARATIVE ZOOLOGY. . 35

ZOOLOGICAL LABORATORY,

ConTRIBUTIONS :-—

320. Minnicu, D. E.— The photic reactions of the honey-bee, Apis mellifera L. Journ. exp. zoél., November, 1919, 29, p. 343- 425.

321. Minnicu, D. E.— The relation of phototropism to swarming in the honey-bee, Apis mellifera L. Journ. psychobiol., April, 1920, 2, p. 177-180.

BERMUDA BIOLOGICAL STATION FOR RESEARCH.

CoNTRIBUTIONS :—

107. Crozier, W. J., anp Arey, L. B.— Onchidium and the question of adaptive coloration. Amer. nat., September—October, 1919, 53, p. 415-430.

108. Crozier, W. J., and Arey, L. B.— The heliotropism of On- chidium: a problem in the analysis of animal conduct. Journ. gen. physiol., November, 1919, 2, p. 107-112.

109. Crozirmr, W. J.— Sex-correlated coloration in Chiton tubercu- latus. Amer. nat., January—February, 1920, 54, p. 84-88.

110. Arey, L. B., anp CroziEr, W. J.— The sensory responses of Chiton. Journ. exp. zoédl., October, 1919, 29, p. 157-260.

111. Crozier, W. J., anp Arty, L. B.— Sensory reactions of Chro- modoris zebra. Journ. exp. zo6l., October, 1919, 29, p. 261-310.

112. Crozier, W. J., anp Arey, L. B.— On the ethology of Chiton tuberculatus. Proc. Nat. acad. sci., November, 1919 (Janu- ary, 1920), 5, p. 496-498.

113. Arey, L. B., anp Crozier, W. J.— The nervous organization of a nudibranch. Proc. Nat. acad. sct., November, 1919 (January 1920), 5, p. 498-500.

114. Crozier, W. J.— On the alkalinity of the sea water in lagoons at Bermuda. Amer. nat., January-February, 1920, 54, p. 88-91.

115 Crozier, W. J.— The intensity of assortive pairing in Chromo- doris. Amer. nat., March-April, 1920, 54, p. 182-184.

36 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE

ALLEN, G. M.

Bats from Mount Whitney, California. Journ. mammalogy, November, 1919, 1, p. 1-5. s

Hoy’s shrew in Labrador. Journ. mammalogy, May, 1920, 1, p. 139.

A bat new to the Japanese fauna. Journ. mammalogy, May, 1920, 1, p. 139.