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Ife 1 Yep Pe SO 34> ea ees be ed Vo | " i ie ty 7a Rh oped iy 9M ty, Sar aie > 4 t + bids Le : A eto vas Head dot shading ian D9 ete be ears tbat, Sere Bee is iri ‘ Fi ae \ = ase 7 uae he et bl popeneee mers ‘ ‘ Le Mea: r o » ‘ aia iin Re Neste reduetoat te Sapo retbatiat cron 2Ys Oh i or eee Mihnante ; hades ed 7 ’ od dia: ret te es “4 .5- oo —- 5 shee tht ed sth rie ae Se: _-* red re aaa ‘ bel [ ‘| teats “ 7) tals oes + Ney 4 vg nite PrP et Hg ae | ste iJ yi hie Fem ie 2:) dehy oo Ll sata oo areas i +0. ePeidela. set aie pine dee priori Peed os , i "3 i-fng ooeeuents fee i 7 ‘i * iy a 7 ’ " ; ee cag dr rate ' a Day i Makers, TL tat Mis ote? Fl etatesls wat i s) ¥ teat hey mie i oie os had ; f ert’ te Pe i Oreeeyge poe eM lee by vty’ my J F Gab bys ate Sais i . iia resh-4 06 ied. wilell eaten Skebe ia! ab arty ai - fied sian ehed vik, vay ata rt pea dig v4 peta Ba * eas ‘ a, ial Deed Sh ve Mee, ron @ 7 hatin “3 ra as is Late . + ee so oe aay ‘ Avie ial & me be a) rs eee ; anette ores eyes rte a 4 7 in aie Sohsad tk Hee pieartei4 “ oun. Hines tai oP Pa bere pat epee iy 4 tee a etal wel in tes " he we : pea ae ai rt ae es a * ores) s oy, ae o, ore r s MA Fb Vrms wi Prarie se “t * Fhe baton bn rt Prt nig ior A. eer rn hb | i Lat ere pel ey iene sree Splscbete wmaaete Wet tee nero eee a Sereteeens fone oh Ritts } Y shite . mip stas be iaatl elipenatica serrata An tinea areata Meee Ram tae Pa say a Ft ate yest mint PNW Amb per) SE ete mdi Wet ei, be 7 14 hbase pet oP my 419 00 th he on ue pistes a eg ‘ hada 5 a ‘ 5 hese te) phe r SHI heal ba bes hd dy ei Site « ute ie i -- +4 dblieue i , j vers ne tell ‘ elie heb, Me pt NOY ee we an bel i pate rob dle a / aire et ‘ae od ish Heres Ot hott Perse: 4} ae ‘3 4 « tebe “ Wu 13 go a hag c " r fl nd ok 4 Poly spies oes Lee } sit rr I sat ara vlabeiree ter ee a ata He “ 1. stile est ody , n im fe iw? ot whe od oo rh ea be tones jest rite tiee da ott try ite i * eens wake t. peek itt Fd 4 eo og i 4 lab Biss? vied, PP ood bey fay Eafe " te . Hebe. hes pe ve ely te . 7 : Care ie Obi ehebgi so ee Tee 96> b ioe At7% Steals tec ahoe * + : . fou ried tha, NO bys a oad 4 a « an ifs srt a i d © seen’ nl rit J aD dae peskain eet, M | ANNUAL REPORT ; is OF THE a TRUSTEES || MUSEUM OF COMPARATIVE ZOOLOGY, AT HARVARD COLLEGE, IN CAMBRIDGE, TOGETHER WITH THE REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR, 1865. a BOSTON: | - S-«;WRIGHT & POTTER, STATE PRINTERS. No. 4 Srreine LANE. 1866. ie eens ae Vy ke NO BT - ANNUAL REPORT TRUSTEES OF THE _ AT HARVARD COLLEGE, IN CAMBRIDGE, 7 TOGETHER WITH THE REPORT OF THE; DIRECTOR, 1865 BOSTON: — WRIGHT & POTTER, STATE PRINTERS No. 4 SprRiInG LANE. 1866. | as ty i f ‘ ale i! b y opnor iltatan al Ce ay ae | ‘a # y Pi Ky é AY en 8 ue wll fe PAA Liat ke ite “ert Jie ye Ty, { ae id 1 ; oy ae Phy ' ‘ihe ; Woes y! j : ) ‘ i HA : HR bi x 1 i get >), + ; nf ry a Ty hee’ he 4 th Pai, ‘ot 7 i af Val ve 5 " q A 5 al ‘ Aime ane) a aE t Si ? « -_ - Ys ioe oe i. - ey Pp 5 2 | ath iia dS tissee Bee a y he \ , a a ¥ r ik wo oe yar ae wh er | RR lai se ge pains te i, : - v Der ee, 5 or “a pee oe Fee VEN. OL Ete te Wu x5 ne if. z ng i Be) "5 - YY AeeOr z a Cede 4 ‘ ¥, * H r. - onan ate f aa CG. ibe me oe "~~ ie fa BOP: Sooetar s Mi aT enoyad ae + we a Aeeprres : SPITS pS ree } * i o, ; bere wy es aya es wd iv e.2 Sipe & j { tt ) $ s Ma. ome “— fs 1 i nN aa a f —— = ¥ wt . ' * “ ph ‘ f fi v er va | a0) § s hi a ee a) ; Sa en 4 * : LIAN SES « nN © _ fry it, Q ei a 3 ik Whey ii io Mine y e me Lok oe # is ae ach a £ é 7 is fa r vi et) | algal aorebstle. 7 ettits9 tt wily in , rN rl my - ; , stories Yo on0d an eo YO pa. ald. at ae i RS a yaygnarts ot) Via Beary cneahett, te tases pyre) RS ay BG _uigiggpargsae Vn : Bia vit it 2 | ey co a i aN sii an TB: spe Beton Ss ele if : Bit Lives erie t i’ hing bet ? > " a, 4 j eG) | ey j hu 4 48 td iy ; MAN ‘ ( e Pen Ly’ cae ty ; i tu sy = iy eae, in Commonwealth of Massachusetts. Boston, January 31, 1866. To the Honorable the Senate and House of Representatives: The Trustees of the Museum of Comparative Zodlogy respect- fully present their Report for the past year. Mr. Nathaniel Thayer resigned the office of treasurer on the first day of August last, and Mr. Theodore Lyman was chosen to fill the vacancy. On Mr. Thayer’s resignation the Trustees adopted the following vote: | Voted, That the resignation of Mr. Thayer be accepted, and the thanks of this Board be presented to him for his faithful discharge of the duties of the office. The transactions of the Museum for the year may be classed under two divisions, one relating to the administration at Cambridge, and the other to the expedition of Professor Agassiz to Brazil. In regard to the first division, from the reports of the Com- mittee on the Museum, it appears, that the shelves in the rooms where its resources are exhibited for the purpose of instruction have been filled up under the direction of Mr. Alexander Agassiz. Mr. Shaler has been employed in arranging the ample collection of fossils, so that the department of Paleon- tology is nearly complete in general arrangement. Mr. Uhler brought back large collections from MHayti, having been essentially aided by Mr. Wiener, American Consul at Jéremie. A large number of packages has been received from different parts of the world. 4 MUSEUM OF COMPARATIVE ZO-OLOGY. [Jan. The first number of the illustated catalogue of the Museum, printed from the funds given for the purpose by the Common- wealth, has been issued. For the letter press of this volume the Museum is indebted to Mr. Theodore Lyman. The operations of the Museum, under the charge of Mr. Alexander Agassiz, during the absence of the Director, have been conducted to the entire satisfaction of the Trustees; and his report, which is annexed, marked [ A, ] gives a statement . in detail of its history for the year ending October Ist, 1865. In regard to the second division, the expedition to Brazil, we shall receive full accounts, illustrated by his own enthusiasm, from Professor Agassiz, on his return, which is looked for in the coming summer. The Trustees however, think that it will be interesting to the legislature of the Commonwealth, which is so watchful of everything which promotes and develops the advancement of learning, and the progress of science, to receive some account of the expedition. For the large results which are promised, the community will recognize its obligations to the munificence of Mr. Nathaniel Thayer. Before the departure of Professor Agassiz the Secretary of the Navy instructed our national vessels to take charge of and bring home, on their return, any collections committed to them as fruits of the expedition. The party embarked at New York on board the Colorado, on the second day of April last for Rio de Janeiro. It consisted of sixteen persons, eight of whom were trained naturalists. A free passage to Rio was given by the Pacific Mail Steam-ship Company to the whole party. The Colorado was furnished by the owners with a large aquarium on deck, and all other appliances requisite for scientific investigations on the voyage. On the twenty-second day of April the Colorado entered the bay of Rio, and Professor Agassiz, who had previously enjoyed a correspondence with the HNmperor of Brazil, was received by him in the kindest manner. His majesty has continued to show great interest, and furnish great aid in every way. Free transportation has been provided by the railroads and other conveyances ; and the facilities of communication by coaches, travelling at the rate of ten miles an hour, and rail cars at a speed of twenty to thirty miles an hour, are in striking contrast - —_ 1866.) SENATE—No. 67. - | 5 with the journeys of his predecessors on the same field with the slow, sure-footed mule. Professor Agassiz has delivered lectures in Rio to larger audiences than he ever before attracted. Hewrites: ‘* Natural- ists will be surprised at the revelations Iam about to make concerning the extraordinary variety of animal life in the waters of the Amazon. Wehave been accustomed, for instance, to consider one hundred species as the probable maximum num- ber of fishes living in any of the great streams of the world ; there are not so many known from the Nile, the Ganges, or the Mississippi. The discovery of about fifteen hundred species of fishes in this vast fresh water basin was as unexpected to me, as would be the discovery of a large inland commerce in the interior of Africa carried on by steam navigation.” In conclusion, I present copies of the Orders passed by the Trustees : Ordered, 'That the grateful acknowledgments of this Board be offered by the President to Nathaniel Thayer, Esq., for his munificent, kind, and well-considered arrangements, enabling Professor Louis Agassiz, in the way he most desires, and in the most efficient manner, to serve the _ interests of the Museum, and the cause of science, during his present absence in South America. Ordered, 'That the grateful acknowledgments of this Board be pre- sented to the Pacific Mail Steam-ship Company, to their agent, Mr. Allan McLane, and to Mr. George Bradbury, captain of their good ship the Colorado, for the free passage and excellent facilities of all kinds furnished by them to Professor Louis Agassiz and his associates on their voyage from New York to Rio de Janeiro, undertaken for scientific purposes connected with the Museum of Comparative Zodlogy, at Cambridge, Massachusetts. Ordered, 'That his excellency John A. Andrew, governor of this Commonwealth, being ex officio President of this Board of Trustees of the Museum of Comparative Zodlogy in Cambridge, Massachusetts, do present to his majesty Don Pedro the Second, Emperor of Brazil, the grateful acknowledgments of the Trustees for the important contribu- tions made by his imperial majesty to the resources of the institution under their care, and for the important countenance and kindness he has shown to Professor Louis Agassiz and his assistants now travelling in 6 MUSEUM OF COMPARATIVE ZO-OLOGY. [Jan. his imperial majesty’s dominions for purposes connected with the interests of this Museum, and with the advancement of science. Ordered, That the President of this Board offer to the Secretary of the Navy their grateful acknowledgments for the facilities afforded under his directions to Professor Agassiz, relative to the trans- mission home of such collections as he may make for the advancement of science, during his present residence in South America. | The paper annexed, marked [B,] contains a list of the Trustees, their officers and committees, for 1866. For the Trustees, WM. GRAY, Secretary. 1866.] SENATE—No. 67. LA] SEVENTH ANNUAL REPORT Of the Museum of Comparative Zodlogy, at Harvard College in Cam- bridge, Massachusetts, By ALEXANDER AGassiz, Assistant in Charge. As the report of the Museum Committee to the Trustees, together with the action of the Board of Trustees relative to the expedition now collecting in Brazil, is printed with this Report, it is hardly necessary for me to do more than allude again to the munificent aid given by Mr. Nathaniel Thayer to the Director of the Museum, for the purpose of making a thorough scientific survey of certain parts of Brazil, with the view not only of advancing the interests of the institution, to which he has been such a generous friend, by adding the immense collections to be brought together to our stores, but also in the hope of giving Professor Agassiz larger materials for the solution of problems with which he has been identified from the commencement of his scientific career. How far the aim of the expedition is likely to be accomplished can be gathered from the statements presented by the Museum Committee concerning the progress of the Thayer Expedition ; since that period later advices from Professor Agassiz show that he has been eminently successful in making collections, as pre- vious to his ascent of the Amazons no less than seventy-five bar- rels and boxes had been filled and were awaiting shipment at Rio Janeiro, Bahia and Paré. The unprecedented facilities offered to the expedition by the Brazilian government, as well as by the steam-boat and railroad companies, will contribute largely to its success and to the accumulation of collections. The Amazons Navigation Company, by placing a steamer at the disposal of Professor Agassiz, will enable him to make an exhaustive ichthyological survey of the Amazons and its tribu- 8 MUSEUM OF COMPARATIVE ZO-OLOGY. [Jan. taries. The ichthyological collections will undoubtedly be the main feature of the expedition, and the inhabitants of the various hydrographic basins will be collected in such a thor- ough manner that it is hoped some light will be thrown on the geographical distribution of fishes, taking the different fresh water basins of Brazil as our basis. : The erratic phenomena have also been most successfully observed in the vicinity of Rio Janeiro, especially at Tijuca, a cluster of hills about 1,800 feet high and about seven miles | from Rio, where a drift-hill is found with innumerable erratic boulders, as characteristic as any ever seen in New England. Professor Agassiz had already observed unmistakable traces of drift in the province of Rio and in Minas Geraes, but, everywhere connected with the drift itself, was such an amount of decom- posed rocks of various kinds that it would have been difficult to satisfy any one not familiar with the drift that here was an equivalent of the northern drift; but there is found at Tijuca the most palpable superposition of drift and of decomposed rock, with a distinct line of demarcation between the two. This locality afforded an opportunity of contrasting the decom- posed rocks, which form a characteristic feature of the whole country, with the superincumbent drift, so that hereafter any one may distinguish them, whether found in contact or sepa- rately. The decomposed rocks are quite a new feature in the structure of the country, granite, gneiss, mica slate, clay slate, in fact all the various kinds of rocks usually found in meta- morphic formations, are reduced to the condition of a soft paste, exhibiting all the mineralogical elements of the rocks as they were before their decomposition; but now completely disin- tegrated and resting side by side as if accumulated artificially. Through this loose mass there runs here and there larger or smaller dykes of quartz rock, or of granite or other rocks, equally disintegrated ; but they retain the arrangement of their materials, showing them to be disintegrated dykes in large dis- integrated masses of rock; the whole passing unmistakably to rocks of the same kind in which the decomposition or disin- tegration is only partial, or no trace of it visible, and the whole mass exhibits then the appearance of an ordinary metamorphic set of rocks. It is plain that such masses, forming everywhere the surface of the country, must be a great obstacle to the 1866.]. SENATE—No. 67. 9 study of the erratic phenomena, and it is not strange that those who seem familiar with the country should entertain the idea that the surface rocks are everywhere decomposed and that there is no erratic formation nor drift here. But upon close examination it is easy to see that while the decomposed rocks consist of the small particles of the primitive rocks, which they represent, with their dykes and all other characteristic features, there is not a trace of larger or smaller boulders in them; while the superincumbent drift, consisting of similar parts, does not show the slightest sign of the indistinct stratification characteristic of the decomposed metamorphic rocks below it, nor any of the decomposed dykes, but is full of various kinds of boulders of different dimensions. The boulders have not yet been traced to their origin; the majority consist of a kind of greenstone, composed of nearly equal amounts of a greenish black hornblende and feldspar; this greenstone is said by mining engineers to be found in Entre Rios, on the Parahyba, where iron mines are worked in a rock like these boulders. Thus far the only evidence furnished of the action of glaciers is the extensive accumulation of drift, similar in its characteristics to northern drift. No trace has been found of glacial action, properly speaking, such as polished surfaces, scratches and furrows. ? The decomposition of the surface rocks and the extent to which it takes place in Brazil is very remarkable, and points to a new geological agency, thus far not noticed in our geological theories. It is obvious that the warm rains falling upon the heated soil must have a very powerful action in accumulat- ing the decomposition of rocks; and, as these rains have fallen for ages in succession upon hot stones, instead of wondering at the amount of decomposed rocks, we should rather wonder that there are any rocks left in their primitive condition. All the rocks being, however, encased in a lining of the decomposed part of their surface, they are thus protected by a rotten crust from further decomposition. As the expedition is almost entirely composed of young men formerly working at the Museum, the force left to carry on our operations at home has been greatly reduced, and consequently less has been done than in former years for the arrangement of the collection; but it is hoped that on the return of the 2 10 MUSEUM OF COMPARATIVE ZO-OLOGY. [Jan. Brazilian expedition we shall be able to start anew the business of the Museum, and, with the increased materials at our command, insure even more than formerly the good will of kindred institutions. During the past year the work done at the Museum has been chiefly confined to taking care of the specimens received, and preparing the exchanges, which have now become quite exten- sive. An examination of the special reports will show how large a proportion of our additions have been derived from this source. The exchanges have been discontinued in some of the departments since the spring, owing to the reduced number of the assistants, and have been almost entirely confined to entomology, conchology, and paleontology. The additional work devolving upon the assistant in charge has made it impossible for him to do anything besides the usual routine work of the Museum. As much work as possible was bestowed upon the dry specimens, owing to the increased cost of alcohol, and the paleontological collection, a great part of which had thus far remained in the original packages, has been made accessible by Mr. N. S. Shaler, and several exchanges have been made in that department. Mr. Uhler has had charge of the articulates and of the library, and is making excellent progress in the entomological department, which under his charge, with the assistance of Miss S. H. Cook, is gradually becoming more and more useful. Owing to Mr. Uhler’s absence for several months in Hayti and in Maryland, for the purpose of making collections for our exchanges, rather less time has been devoted than during the past year to the arrangement of the collection. Mr. Anthony, who started with the Thayer expedition, was obliged to return on account of ill health, and, having distributed the material accumulated _ during his absence, has again taken charge of the mollusca, and begun the exchanges interrupted by his departure for Brazil. Mr. Glen has been in charge of the microscopical department, and has devoted the greater part of his time in making sections of shells and echinoderms. The number of these sections has now become quite extensive, and will form a most valuable addition in the final arrangement of our collec- tions. Mr. Niles has been engaged in the study of the erinoids, and has nearly completed their arrangement, having 1866.] SENATE—No. 67. 11 passed in review the different collections in possession of the Museum. Messrs. St. John and Hartt were engaged, previous. to their departure for Brazil, in working up the collections of fossils they had made in the Western States and in Nova Scotia during the summer of 1864. Mr. Allen was for a time in charge of the birds and mammals, and left the collection in very good order previous to his departure for Brazil. The remaining departments were left in my charge, but little besides making up a few exchanges, and taking care of the new additions, could be done. After many unavoidable delays, the first number of the Illustrated Catalogue of the Museum has been published ; the Ophiuride and Astrophytide, by Theodore Lyman. It has been distributed among the scientific societies of this country, as well as to individuals specially interested in those animals. A few copies have also been sent to Kurope, and the remainder of the edition will be distributed to foreign societies with the second number, which will shortly be published. Owing, how- ever, to the sudden departure of Mr. Burkhardt, who was engaged in coloring the plates of the first number, the whole edition could not be completed, though a sufficient number of copies were finished to satisfy our immediate wants. The fourth number of the Museum Bulletin, on the Brachiopoda of the Island of Anticosti, by Mr. N. 8. Shaler, has also been lately issued. In exchange for these publications, the Museum may hereafter expect valuable additions to its library, by receiving similar publications from other museums and scien- tific societies, as well as original investigators. During the first term of the academic year 1864-5, Pro- fessor Agassiz delivered the usual course of lectures to mem- bers of the scientific school and undergraduates, open also to public teachers. A special course of university lectures on mollusea, was also delivered by him at the Museum. During the second term, the lectures on zodlogy were omitted, but will be delivered during the present term by myself. Three other courses of university lectures were delivered at the Museum, one on the geological succession of the Brachiopoda, by Mr. Shaler, delivered during the last term. During the present term, Mr. Uhler is giving a course of lectures on North Amer- ican entomology, and Mr. Shaler another on the elevation of 12 MUSEUM OF COMPARATIVE ZO-OLOGY. [Jan. continents. The attendance to these courses has been quite regular, and has shown a marked increase over former courses. The arrangement of the specimens on exhibition has been slightly changed; to make room for the mounted specimens of mammals and birds sent by the Jardin des Plantes, the fossil reptiles have been removed to the galleries, and their place filled with stuffed specimens. The collection of insects has been packed away, as, owing to their exposure to light, they were rapidly fading, and hereafter only a small typical collection of specimens which can easily be replaced will be left on exhibition. The beginning of an ethnological collection, principally brought together from California and the Cape of Good Hope, has been placed in one of the cases by Mr. Glen, to call attention to this department, which is still in an imperfect condition. It is to be regretted that the number of exhibition rooms is not large enough to enable us to follow the plan originally laid out for the arrangement of the specimens; this must be postponed until .additional room is supplied; the Museum thus loses much of its instructiveness, and this defect will become greater each year. The want of room may even compel us to place in the exhibition rooms specimens not properly prepared, simply on account of the accumulations in the work-rooms, which occupy so much of the space needed to take care of and handle new invoices. A general collection, intended for lec- turing purposes, has been partially placed in the gallery of the lecture-room. I would call the attention of the trustees to the unsafe condition of the cellar for storing the alcoholic collec- tions. Owing to its dampness, the kegs in which the great bulk of the collection is packed become unfit for use in about three years. It requires constant watching to renew the leaky ones, and it is impossible to avoid occasional: loss of specimens. The earthen jars and copper tanks thus far employed, with which it is intended eventually to replace the kegs, are found to work admirably, but the use of such jars would require a considerable outlay at first, and we are not yet able even to store new additions in them, although in course of time this would be the most economical mode of packing our alcoholic collections. > 1866. ] SENATE—No. 67. 13 Not more than twenty-five cans containing alcohol were sent out from the Museum during the past year. Thirty were sent back, leaving about forty-eight individuals to whom cans for collecting have been sent, which they have not yet returned. The thanks of the Museum are particularly due to the agents of the Pacific Mail Steam-ship Company, to their President, Mr. Allan McLane, to Mr. Hoadley, President of the Panama Railroad Company; to Messrs. Wells, Fargo & Co., Dabney & Cunningham, Samuel Stevens & Co., Henry C. Brooks & Co., James Bishop & Co., Loring & Shute, Burdett & Everett, Rufus Wills & Son, Alpheus Hardy, Isaac Taylor, James M. Barnard, P. L. Everett and George N. Lawrence, who have at various times forwarded, free of expense, extensive invoices of specimens. Captain James Anderson, of the Cunard steamers, has kindly continued to take charge of the packages for our English correspondents. We have to thank, also, the State Department at Washington for the kindness with which pack- ages intended for the consuls of the United ete in foreign countries have invariably been distributed. We are under obligations to the following individuals for their interest in making collections for the Museum :—Messrs. Charles Hale, Henry Edwards; W. H. Dabney and Miss Olivia Dabney, for their continued exertions in our behalf in the Azores; Messrs. A. 8S. Peabody, Alfred A. Reed, Joseph Heco ; Antonia de Lacerda and Mr. Henry Sawyer, for their South American contributions; Theodore Lyman, Thomas Owens, Michael Carroll, Dr. George B. Loring; Messrs. P. Choteau & Co., for assistance and specimens at various times; to Mr. F. C. Hill the Museum is indebted for a valuable series of living turtles from Louisiana ; to Dr. Viele, for specimens from Colo- rado; to William H. Anthon, Jr., for specimens from Batavia. The Smithsonian Institution has made us several invoices of ‘their duplicates of North American specimens. Mr. Leonard has sent us a few slabs of fossil tracks from the Connecticut River Valley. Capt. N. E. Atwood has, during the winter, kindly taken care of the head of the right whale left in Provincetown and superintended its shipment to Cambridge, where it now remains. Mr. Blanford, the Secretary of the Asiatic Society, and Mr. Whitney have laid us under great obligations for their exer- 14 MUSEUM OF COMPARATIVE ZO-OLOGY. [Jan. tions in our behalf, and Dr. Walsh has sent us series of his original specimens. Notwithstanding the general interest felt in the Museum, and the numerous additions we have received from private individ- uals, by far the largest additions to our stores have been received as exchanges. These have been continued on the most satisfactory footing with the Jardin des Plantes through Profes- sors Milne Edwards and Duméril, to whom we have continued to send, during the past year, living specimens of our common North American animals. In this I have been greatly assisted by the zeal of Mr. J. G. Rich, of Maine. I have to thank, also, Mr. B. P. Mann, of Concord, and Mr. S. Jillson, of Felton- ville, for the many living specimens they have furnished the Museum, as wellas Mr. H.K. Mooreand Mr.O.St. John. From the University Museum, of Copenhague, through Professor Steenstrup, we have a valuable invoice of cetacean skeletons. From the Museum of Gittingen, through Professor Keferstein, reptiles from Australia. Messrs. E. L. Layard and W. Theobald have sent us valuable exchanges. Through Professors Gegen- baur and Haeckel we have obtained a collection of marine animals from the Mediterranean, German Ocean, and fishes from. the Danube and Rhine. We have received Italian fossils for our duplicates from Professor Gastaldi, Messrs. Michelotti and Rigacci. Professor Poey has continued to send us Cuban fishes. Professors Krauss, Merian, Angelin, and Mr. Pickett, have — sent us valuable exchanges of fossils. To the Chicago Academy. of Natural Sciences we owe an important collection of Northern and Western birds. Mr. Henry Edwards has continued his — valuable invoices. Dr. Kaup has sent us an extensive collec- tion of insects in exchange for American species. Besides these more general exchanges, I have to mention those of the special departments with Don Rafael Arango, C. F. Angas, I. A. Lapham, Robert Swift, G. W. Tryon, M. Tervers, Prof. Oppel, Dr. Newcomb, Barrande, and other minor exchanges, amount- ing, as will be seen by the special reports, to extensive additions. Among the other additions, I must notice specially a very important collection made at Lake Titicaca and on the coast of Peru by Mr. KH. G. Squier ; the collections of Nova Scotia fos- sils by Mr. Hartt, and of Dr. Stimpson on the coast of New Jersey; of Mr. J. M. Nelson in the interior of Newfoundland, 1866.] SENATE—No. 67. 15 which added several valuable skeletons to our stores; the col- lections of Mr. C. Cooke, from Zanzibar, which he brought home himself, having been compelled by ill-health to return to this country at the time when his appointment as United States Consul at Mozambique promised to enable him to spend further time in making large collections; a small collection cf fossils made along the line of the Hannibal and St. Joseph Railroad, in Missouri, which we owe to the facilities granted by the directors of the company to Messrs. Ward, St. John, and myself. For the other contributions I would refer to the following special reports. Report on the Vertebrates, by ALEX. AGASSIZ. During the past year the collection of Birds and Mammals have been in charge of Messrs. Niles and Allen, the latter being engaged in cataloguing and separating duplicates. After his departure for Brazil, nothing has been done in this department except taking care of the new specimens received. Mr. Sceva had been at work during about six months preparing some of our skeletons for exhibition ; he was, however, obliged to leave his work unfinished on his departure with the Brazilian expe- dition. All the mounted specimens received from the Jardin des Plantes have been placed on exhibition in the large cases of the public rooms. Among the most valuable receipts are the numerous specimens of embryos we continue to receive; the collections sent by Mr. Layard; a series of skeletons from New- foundland, and the invoices of the Smithsonian Institution. The collection of Fishes and of Reptiles has been in charge of Mr. A. Agassiz, but with the exception of a few of our common ‘species sent off in exchange, no time could be devoted to the arrangement or cataloguing of the specimens. The collection of Reptiles has been increased by an unusually large number of original specimens sent by Mr. Layard and Prof. A. Aug. Duméril, Prof. Keferstein and Mr. Theobald, and Mr. Roberts, from Macacos. The Fishes have also received similar additions of identified specimens, sent through Professors Gegenbaur and Haeckel. Among the donations the collections sent from 16 MUSEUM OF COMPARATIVE ZO-OLOGY. (Jan. Shanghai by Captain Breck, and those of Mr. Squier, are specially to be noticed. Our exchanges have added no less than 1 ,218 specimens of Fishes, of 178 species; 877 specimens of Reptiles, of 194 species; 660 specimens of Birds, of 579 species; and 150 Mam- mals, of 94 species; nearly all carefully labelled by reliable authorities. We have to thank for donations the following persons :— MAMMALS. ALLEN, J. A. 15 specimens, 9 species, Springfield. ARNOLD, J. G. Embryos. Atwoop, N. E. 1 Porpoise, Provincetown. BoarpMAN, Grorce A. 4 specimens, 4 species, Calais, Me. Bourcet, D. 12 specimens, 9 species, Rio Janeiro. Cazort, J. E. 1 specimen, Brookline. Davis, G. H. 1 specimen, Rio Janeiro. Francis, E. 1 horse. JILLsoN, 8. 29 specimens, 13 species, Feltonville. HAWKSLEY, W. 1 specimen, Brookline. Lorine, Dr. Georce B. Embryos. Mann, B. P. 2 specimens, 2 species, Concord. Moore, H. K. 2 specimens, 1 species, Malden. Monn, Hon. Jonn, and Micuart Carroiyi. 1 Embryo, Newfound- land. Perkins, A. T. 11 specimens, 10 species skulls. Rice, H. D. 2 dogs. | Roperts, W. M. 7 specimens, 5 species, Brazil. _ Russe.y, Mrs. G. R. Elkhorns, Washington Territory. SHater, N.S. 3 specimens, Cambridge. Smiru, 8.1. 3 specimens, Norway, Me. Swirt & Co. 1 Fox, Brazil. STILLMAN, S. 8 specimens, 5 species, Rome. TuaYER EXPEDITION. 1 keg, Brazil. ViELE, Dr. 1 specimen, Colorado. BIRDS. Aspott, C. V. 1 specimen, Boston. Aaassiz, A. 6 specimens, Nahant. ALLEN, J. A. 69 specimens, Springfield, Mass. BoarpMAN, GEORGE A. 15 specimens, 13 species, Calais. . Bourcet, D. 31 specimens, 15 species, Brazil. = 1866. ] SENATE—No. 67. 17 BurRILu, E. 1 specimen, Cambridge. Davis, G. H. 2 specimens, 2 species, Brazil. _Fexron, C. C. 17 specimens, 10 species, Cambridge. Francis, E. 1 specimen, Cambridge. JILLSON, S. 25 specimens, 15 species, Feltonville. Many, B. P. 55 specimens, 23 species, Concord. Parke, G. W. 1 specimen, Cambridge. Roserts, W. M. 3 specimens, 3 species, Brazil. Suaw, P. 4 specimens, Cambridge. Smirn, S. I. 29 specimens, 15 species, Norway, Me. SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION. 362 specimens, 108 species, various localities. StitiMay, S. « 62 specimens, 36 species, Rome. THAYER EXPEDITION. 77 specimens, 30 species, Brazil. THaxter, R. 1 specimen, Newtonville. Unter, P. R. 3 specimens, 3 species, Maryland. REPTILES. ALteEn, J. A. 12 specimens, 7 species, Springfield. Antuon, H., Jr. 21 specimens, 14 species, Batavia. Austin, E. R. 5 specimens, Michigan. BisHop, J. & Co. 1 specimen, Para. BoarpMAn, B. G. 4 specimens, 4 species, Port Hudson. Bovureet, D. 6 specimens, 3 species, Brazil. Brown, Mrs. 1 specimen, Cuba. Davis, G. N. 7 specimens, 4 species, Brazil. Downes, Mr. 2 specimens, West Indies. Eames, W. H. 5 specimens, 2 species, Cambridge. Fow ter, S. N. "6 specimens, 5 species, South Carolina. GARDNER, Mrs. F. 1 specimen, Liberia. Gunning, W. D. 4 specimens, Michigan. Hartt, C. F. 7 specimens, 3 species, Nova Scotia. Heaps, J. M. 7 specimens, 4 species, Brazil. Hit, F.C. 30 specimens, 5 species, Louisiana. Ives, R. H. 1 specimen, Georgia. Jituson, 8. 15 specimens, 11 species, Massachusetts. Mann, B. P. 75 specimens, 14 species, Concord, MAcKeEnzig, M. 8 specimens, 3 species, Boston. McARp gE, 1 specimen, Cambridge. Nirzes, W. H. 10 specimens, 3 species, Worthington. Ropszins, Mr. 2 specimens, Southern Coast. -Rozerts, W. M. 73 specimens, 8 species, Brazil. STILLMAN, S. 25 specimens, 13 species, Rome. 3 18 MUSEUM OF COMPARATIVE ZO-OLOGY. [Jan. Tenney, S. 1 specimen, Massachusetts. Unter, P. R. 2 specimens, 2 species, Maryland. VieLE, Dr. 9 specimens, 8 species, Colorado. Wixson, W. W. 2 specimens, Hayti. FISHES. Acassiz, A. 3 specimens, 3 species, Nahant. ALLEN, J. A. 6 specimens, 4 species, Springfield. Bourcet, D. 49 specimen, 15 species, Brazil. Breck, Captain. 300 specimens, 35 species, Shanghai. Brown, Mrs. 1 specimen, Cuba. ‘Davis, GeorGEe H., and J. M. Heaps, 17 specimens, 14 species, Brazil. ’ Harpy, M. 2 specimens, 1 species, Andover. Hartt, C. F. 14 specimens, 5 species, Nova Scotia. Hueues, GeorcGe. 13 specimens, 1 species, Nova Scotia. HunNEWELL, J. L. 7 specimens, 1 species, Para: Lewis & Kent. 60 specimens, 16 species, Chatham. Lyman, T. 100 specimens, 5 species, Merrimack River. Lovusapa, Marquis de. 1 specimen, Swampscott. Necus, M. 1 specimen. Rerep, A. A. 3 specimens, 1 species, West Greenwich. Roserts, W. M. 30 specimens, 7 species, Brazil. Suater, N.S. 1 specimen, Gloucester. SmitH, S. I. 25 specimens, 2 species, Norway. Suaw, Q. A. 1 specimen, Detroit. Squier, E. G. 60 specimens, 26 species, Peru, STILLMAN, 8. 60 specimens, 15 species, Ostia. + WITH THE GRAY FUND There were obtained 975 specimens of 180 species of Fishes; 37 specimens of 15 species of Reptiles; 376 specimens of Birds represent- ing 87 species, and 420 specimens of 40 species of Mammals, from nine different individuals. Besides the live stock of Birds, Mammals and Reptiles sent to the Jardin des Plantes, 83 specimens, representing 26 species, there were sent 6 collections of Vertebrates to as many institutions and individuals, amounting to 94 specimens and 84 species, , 1866.] SENATE—No. 67. 19 Report on the Articulata, by P. R. Unter. INSECTS. Since the last Report, considerable work has been done in reducing the extensive collections of insects to a state of order and security, as well as in adding series of specimens required for exchange. Having been sent to Hayti during the spring of the present year, to collect the insects, &c., of the south-west extrem- ity of the island, I was enabled to bring together a pretty fair representation of the fauna of that region. On my return in June, it was thought desirable that I should proceed to Maryland, for the purpose of procuring specimens, to assist in conducting the exchanges during the present autumn. I suc- ceeded in procuring by my own collecting, and by purchase, about 10,000 specimens, many of which were new to the Museum collection. As fast as received at the Museum, the lots have been assorted into their respective sub-orders, and a series set aside for the faunal and systematic collections. Large numbers of boxes now contain the series so separated for the different collections, and would the space in the Museum permit, hun- dreds of these boxes could be at once placed on exhibition. Only a few boxes of Australian insects have, accordingly, been placed in one of the cases in the gallery. My absence from the Musetim during a considerable part of the year, has prevented the final arrangement and mounting of the remainder of our dried specimens, but some progress has been made, notwith- standing. 7 The Myriapoda sent to Mr. Wood for determination, have been returned with their names appended. The exchanges promise to be a fruitful source of enlargement to the collections, and the few returns, thus far made, have added many fine species. The additions to the collections have not been so great as in 1864 ; but that extraordinary increase was due to the purchase . of several large collections brought together by eminent entomologists. The whole number of specimens added since the last report is 21,1382, embracing 7,464 species. Of this number, 2,870 20 MUSEUM OF COMPARATIVE ZO-OLOGY. [Jan. specimens were presented ; 13,773 were purchased with the Gray Fund, and 4,489 received in exchange. DONATIONS OF INSECTS. Aaassiz, A. 7 species, 10 specimens Lepidoptera; 3 species 9 speci- mens Coleoptera; 6 species, 59 specimens Orthoptera; 1 species, 1 specimen Myriapoda; 1 species, 2 specimens Arachnida, from Cam- bridge, Mass. ‘Total, 18 species, 81 specimens. Acassiz, L. 1 species, 1 specimen Lepidoptera; 1 species, 1 speci- men Orthoptera ; 2 species, 2 specimens, Hymenoptera; 5 species, 29 specimens Diptera, from Nahant, Mass. Total, 9 species, 33 specimens. Auten, J. A. 388 species, 125 specimens Lepidoptera; 70 species, 597 specimens Coleoptera; 28 species, 168 specimens, Hymenoptera ; 25 species, 101 specimens Diptera; 15 species, 51 specimens Hemiptera ; 10 species, 18 specimens Orthoptera; 4 species, 4 specimens Neuroptera; 2 species, 3 specimens Myriapoda ; 12 species, 65 specimens Arachnida, from Springfield, Mass. Total, 202 species, 932 specimens. , Austin, E. P. 10 species, 30 specimens Coleoptera; 3 species, 15 specimens Myriapoda, from Oakland, County, Mich. Total, 13 species, 45 specimens. BAUMHAUER, E., and Fisuer, C. 42 species, 72 specimens Coleop- tera, from Baltimore, Md. Berenpt, Dr. C. H. 2 species, 2 specimens Coleoptera, from Tabasco, Mexico. BouraGet, D. 2 species, 2 specimens Orthoptera, from Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Brivenam, Mrs. 8. W. 125 species, 232 specimens Lepidoptera, from New York. Brown, Mrs. 2 species,s5 specimens Arachnida ; 1 species, 2 speci- mens Scorpions, from Cuba. Total, 3 species, 7 specimens. CHAMBERLAINE, Mrs. A. P. 8 species, 8 specimens Coleoptera; 6 _ species, 7 specimens Orthoptera; 1 species, 1 specimen Hemiptera; 2 species, 3 specimens Myriapoda, from Shanghae, China. CHavannes, Dr. A. 65 cocoons of Saturnia cynthia ; 185 eggs, and 1 cocoon of Saturnia yama-mai, from Lausanne, France. CHURCHILL, J. R. 1 species, 9 specimens Hemiptera, from Milton, Mass. . Cressy, Dr. N. 6 species, 17 specimens Coleoptera; 1 species, 1 specimen Orthoptera, from Canaan, N. Y. Dauite, F. 1 specimen Corydalis cornutus, from Leavenworth, Kansas. Davis, Mrs. G. N. 11 species, 32 specimens Lepidoptera in all Stages; 8 species, 20 specimens Orthoptera; 11 species, 13 specimens 1866.) SENATE —No. 67. "21 Coleoptera; 3 species, 3 specimens Diptera; 2 species, 5 specimens Neuroptera; 3 species, 3 specimens Myriapoda; 2 species, 2 specimens ' Arachnida, from Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Total, 40 species, 78 specimens. Fow.er, Rev. J. H. 11 species, 24 specimens Lepidoptera; 6 species, 6 specimens Coleoptera; 5 species, 8 specimens Hemiptera; 5 species, 7 specimens Orthoptera; 2 species, 3 specimens Hymenoptera ; 1 species, 4 specimens Neuroptera; 2 species, 2 specimens Diptera, from Port Royal Island, S.C. Total, 32 species, 54 specimens. _ Francis, E. 26 females, and eggs, of ¢ i ‘ : a ‘ “on ig _ ° ya, 9 b * 7 A ‘ : ga fet wy A = ae Lo 4 Lr -") Pa 2 \. \ & 4 4 ’ v «tet , dope ‘ whe ous ~ Qa er) ‘ sty af ‘ os ‘ ‘ : 7 : J '. ‘ ‘ ‘ : S wher , i = : re ee an ae ee efene ° ‘ ’ Deis p ee fre 5 > vey i ger ve ih ‘ : . fa oF add | shat , ‘ rte ow bee Havgtaty * ‘ — ptel eed dy + f ’ ‘ sie : - i at ‘ ‘ ri ere : . > ‘ . , ‘ ! * gtet . % 4 ‘ , : ' ' 7 ‘ol ' alba ‘ wie Ew J .-* oot ry ’ 4 " ’ . . » : sd . eo : Pode .-nrat : . vas bah } ' ey hughes Po 706 OL 0 RM Cog h he ‘ . ee) MW OPobwher. . 5 J “hte » D ph ipednbvees - 5s 14, ’ ‘ eis ‘ . a ne Para ’ P yh ° ery ‘ ‘ F ‘ re4 ‘ pt 9 ( é Hlate . die ‘ t er) 44 ’ ‘ ‘ wut tie toe ere i t vee ‘ te oe few ha ; ‘ 7 4 ere i” ‘ ,A . , ria een rer ars ” ¥ ‘ ‘ cL ‘ ’ ’ b Lage ‘ ‘ ‘ . ‘ : . 4 ‘ Ue ae ‘ , ’ ; tele ' : 'T9y 4 ehere har beg eveivh 4 Sut ee eae oh : : be by 4 Sabet ese ena! 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