FO, ag FO hE ON AE EAT FO ee ee ce a pte eam SEAS BN +e ees bi: roves S whip che Ape a Be M gear ee re SSS : ee oe teh ee a ore eam mrp ae ME MME ENC en UK Se ated: etme Sate sot : er Neat to IRS et gL Roan ~ Sees < , 5 me a ~ cyt s > ets Sea _ mS pada ae de atic BPs = ee A Lee Ee eal Th ome Seal fate sc ‘ : Fe at oe ee ie Ce clipe oi Fe pape pata é = — Ratt i Ae 5 AAP CITE ES WM & Fe \ , a ee OA mee angen —. ‘ ce AS " raeniin, 3 7 = cnet + es RABe ns b eactinsc bw uate Pate aa e- hes M9 5 ie 3 = : 7 bs aS a Ee = Re ee re mt Tak ensctnkh Saree Sees CE SEIS a eae atin mente hagien at = ncn Rl ; Fae 27 (ani Pocker Ge i * see - sen Ele a eke ms Be eis om sr Hg he a Polina ot Sete : Sdn ee Seal, ARRAS Gor --las® ety glare mae te ee ee ee te Nadine ithe ee om 4° Rae Sept tae, net aan ee ee ly fe Pe = Sg Viette fiat itn, £0S Nig mee ina be sede tate ay eZ yet ~< Se as = PN cs", chaise Ty Oe DSP AED Ee Sean Ee IH Bratnghin ces? > 0 Seen Bras EOE ee Ome = i, ee = er. 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De Hs il o, SRE ARR Ls togapeter Sige aL ne Oa aa) ee ts = Ncmpat. inc ~~ ? s SON EERE. “a y it f seta a "Y As x S) a Ay AS i a Cong F , ae crane ur fos 1 sat Pian, i Ras ot ~ Sy a | a aa | ai * ad J allel elke oe e oy mM Oo, ijt ve 4 is i, , r ae cy o%, nnd lt ‘iat rn pith i! & A > 2 ais | : ie ue Bal a) Em | era 5 ee eS | we Ay ve) Y ge 3) Ge <“o Heist ee, gi a Ur q r ger, 0 q es a i iZ y Fgh "hry W us 7 ci 2 4 oy he “1 ‘i iP ed oe 49 oa il (i Boe CN tye - ae a i ialy e. i] i i, i rn A ihe ig snk i ji il i ye ig sal i ef %, 2 « Dy <5, A& ty = cs ‘ts, in “fy lM i i al ia Fs uN ‘ THIITY-FIFTH ANNUAL REPORT ‘ON THE BY THE OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK. TRANSMITTED TO THE LEGISLATURE JANUARY 18, 1882. NY: WEED, PARSONS AND COMPANY. PRINTERS. 1884. Page. eS “ List of the Unionidsx of the New York State Collection... .. fe Ne ge _ List of the Unionide of:the General Collection............. 84-101 ~ List of the Land Shells of the New York State Collection... 102-106 ast of Shells presented to the State Museum i in 18%, by Dr. ah BP rhs 6 ee Ci i eh cpr ea Ez, ei 112-117 Statistics relating to the New York State Museum ‘of Natural ~~ History, as compiled frem the Report of the Tenth . po: Census of the United States, January 4, 1882.......... (118-119 tice of the Machinery and Methods of Cutting § Specimens of Rocks and Fossils at the New York State Museum of | aie ort of the Assistant in charge of Zodlogy .... oy atialinas yc) aoe _ Anatomy and Physiology of Anodonta flu viatilis. By GEORGE ‘ a; he Aboriginal'Work on Blaft Point, Yates county, New York. meby C. Hart WRieut..:...; Be aes ack, oS ae a Bar ee Notes on the Geology of Yates county, New York.’ By. Brriin } fee WRIGHT. ..... > RT aa ME ROR tee ELA Wi ech og iO | 0) 1 scriptions of New Species of Fossils from the Trenton | nena notice of the Lamellibranchiate shells of the _ Upper Helderberg, Hamilton and Chemung Groups. By eriptions of Corals from the Niagara and Upper Helderberg criptions of the Species of Fossil Reticulate Sponges, con- ee the Dircotor:. MS Se Se Aah a Ve A ace a PEAT eh 4 CMC ge Kar pes A ditions to the State Museum dinate the year 1881 . peat: Son, De ies Meme mirent work of the Museum........¢:\0... 00.0 0005 Shige Ol ame 4 Br: ‘of the Unionide of the Gould Collection. sg acd hedty yet se O Ona tee of Corbiculids of the New York State Collection...... 107 is nag ae eo kage a. as a in eae - Natural Eiistony. Dy JAMES) Wi EAE L Ress ete uate de 121-124. i eport of the Botanist.. Cuares H. Pita sweets, ,-. 125-164 — ee i BW ae CN nF 169-191 een. Group of New York. By C.D. Watcorr..... : 207-214. Dots Han. a. Bi ok id Duta Dh Ae rai ct Rete a Beredipe Pye JAMES HARE 2 olin clas ae coos : 407-464 stituting the family Sree lass (abstract). he fap ie , JAMES ee Pees ase ey nid Beene a i AG Dene STATE OF NEW YORK. No. 38. IN SENATE, JANUARY 138, 1882. ANNUAL REPORT OF THE REGENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY AS TRUSTEES OF THE STATE MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY. UNIVERSITY OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK, OFFICE OF THE REGENTS, ALBANY, January 12, 1882. To the Hon. GrorGE G. HoskIns, President of the Senate of the State of New York: Sir —I have the honor herewith to transmit to the Legislature the Annual Report of the Regents of the University as Trustees of the: State Museum of Natural History, as required by law. Very respectfully your obedient servant, H. R. PIERSON, Chancellor. [Sen. Doc. No. 38.] REGENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY. | EX-OFFICIO TRUSTEES OF THE STATE MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY. | HENRY R. PIERSON, LL. D., Chancellor. GEORGE W. CLINTON, LL. D., Vice-Chancellor. REGENTS EX-OFFICIO. ALONZO B. CORNELL, Governor. GEORGE G. HOSKINS, LMeutenant Governor. JOSEPH B. CARR, Secretary of State. NEIL GILMOUR, Superintendent of Public Instruction. LORENZO BURROWS, REV.ANSON J.UPSON,D.D.,LL.D ROBERT 8. HALE, LL. D., WILLIAM L. BOSTWICK, ELIAS W. LEAVENWORTH, LL. D., CHAUNCEY M. DEPEW, J. CARSON BREVOORT, LL. D., CHARLES E. FITCH, GEORGE W. CURTIS, LL. D., REV. ORRIS H. WARREN, D.D., FRANCIS KERNAN, LL. D., LESLIE W. RUSSELL, JOHN L. LEWIS, WHITELAW REID, MARTIN I. TOWNSEND, LL. D., WILLIAM H. WATSON, M. D., HENRY E. TURNER, DAVID MURRAY, LL. D., Secretary. DANIEL J. PRATT, Pu. D., Assistant Secretary. STANDING COMMITTEE OF THE REGENTS ON THE STATE MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY. Mr. LEAVENWORTH, THE GOVERNOR, THE Scup’t or Pusric INstRucTION, THE CHANCELLOR, ; Mr. Bostwick, THE VICE-CHANCELLOR, Dr. WATSON. SCIENTIFIC STAFF. JAMES Hau, LL. D., Director. . Pror. CHarues H. Pecx, State Botanist. Dr. D. N. De Tarr, in charge of Zoloogical Collections. Dr. J. W. Haut, Osteology and Rock Sections. JOHN GEBHARD, Special Assistant. REPORT. To the Honorable, the Legislature of the State of New York: The Regents of the University, as trustees of the State Museum of Natural History, respectfully submit their thirty-fifth annual report. Owing to the want of room for the display of additional specimens, the efforts of the scientific staff have been given chiefly to the prepara- tion and classification of the specimens already in the Museum, and less than usual to the collection of new specimens. Reference is here made to the report of the Director for detailed information as to the current work of the Museum. The attention of the Legislature is again called to the pressing necessity for better and more commodious quarters for this great State collection. The present building has become entirely inadequate for the proper protection and display of the collections. Not an additional foot of space can be gained for the arrangement of new matter, and large accumulations of valuable material are stored in buildings at a dis- tance from the principal office of the Museum. Moreover, the present building is not fire-proof, and the fruit of forty years of labor, and of much expenditure by the State, is liable to-be swept away by fire. It was hoped that temporary space might have been obtained in some of the rooms vacated in the State Hall for some of the more valuable parts of the collections, and for such parts of the current work of the Museum as are now carried on at great disadvantage in buildings in- conveniently located. A resolution for this purpose was passed by your honorable bodies at the last session ; but it has not been possible as yet for the trustees to avail themselves of the relief which this would have afforded. : By a resolution of the Legislature the trustees of the Museum were authorized to distribute to institutions under the care of the Regents who should apply for them, sets of duplicate specimens, properly ar- ranged and labeled. This work has been carried on during the year to as great an extent as the force of the Museum would permit. ‘The design has been to furnish to each a collection of about one hundred typical specimens, representing the most important species. It has also seemed desirable to furnish these collections only to such institu- tions as give promise of making a profitable use of them. It has been usual therefore to require of the recipients that a return of local specimens collected by themselves be made to the Museum. ‘The fol- lowing institutions have been supplied with collections of the kind indicated, and five additional sets have been prepared for distribution: Warsaw Union School, Warsaw, Wyoming county. - Schoharie Academy, Schoharie, Schoharie county. 6 THIRTY-FIFTH ANNUAL REPORT. Skaneateles Library Association, Skaneateles, Onondaga county. Phelps Union and Classical School, Phelps, Ontario county. Seymour Smith Institute, Pine Plains, Dutchess county. Albion Union School, Albion, Orleans county. Westfield Union School, Westfield, Chautauqua county. Norwich Union School, Norwich, Chenango county. Perry Union School, Perry, Wyoming county. | Little Falls Union School, Little Falls, Herkimer county. ! Baldwinsville (Free) Academy, Baldwinsville, Onondaga county. The scientific staff of the Museum has consisted during the year of dames Hall, LL. D., Director; Dr. D. N. De Tarr, Assistant in charge of the Zodlogical Collections; Dr. J. W. Hall, Assistant in charge of the collections in Osteology and Rock Sections, and John Gebhard, Special Assistant, and exhibitor of the Collections. Mr. Charles H. Peck, the State Botanist, continues his valuable labors in making collections especially in fungi, and his papers contributed to the annual reports are universally received by scientific men as standard publications. In addition to these regular assistants, Mr. C. EK. Beecher and Mr. George B. Simpson have been employed as occa- sion required in preparing and classifying specimens. Respectfully submitted, H. R. PIERSON, Chancellor. Davip Murray, Secretary. REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR. To the Honorable, the Board of Regents of the University of the State of New York : I beg leave to present herewith the Annual Report upon the State Museum of Natural History, together with the schedule of additions to the collections and library, a notice of the distribution of duplicate specimens, and several special communications. Iam able to report that the collections are all in good order and condition. There have been considerable additions to the arranged portions of the collection, and these are only restricted by the want of space for their proper disposition. I have heretofore stated the neces- sity which still exists, of proper working rooms and the difficulty of carrying on work in separate buildings, distant from the Museum proper. In these buildings our field collections in geology and pale- ontology have accumulated to the number of several hundred thousand specimens, which can be only imperfectly provided for. Of these large collections of fossils there are at least twenty-five thousand specimens which will be required in the final arrangement of the Museum, whenever adequate room shall be provided. Until this pro- vision shall be made it is scarcely practicable to make any final distri- bution of the duplicate specimens, except of the more abundant species. Of these the work of description of species is so far completed, that with proper facilities, and some additional assistants competent for the work, duplicate collections to a large extent could be arranged and distributed to the institutions of learning within the State as heretofore contemplated. : The additions to the Museum ‘collections during the year 1881 will be found recorded in detail in the lists appended. In the botanical department there have been donated, from four- teen contributors, thirty species. One hundred and nineteen species have been added by exchange from a single contributor. Sixty-seven species of fungi, of which forty are new, have been collected by the State Botanist. To the zodlogical collections there have been added ten specimens of vertebrates representing the same number of species. Dr. D. N. De Tarr, Mr. C. E. Beecher and Mr. George B. Simpson have contributed collections of the Unionide and other fresh-water shells, of which lists will be appended. To the collections in mineralogy, geology and paleontology, there 8 THIRTY-FIFTH ANNUAL REPORT OF THE have been added by donation and exchange, six hundred and twelve specimens, and by the purchase of special collections from the Utica slate, three hundred and twenty specimens. _ To the library there have been added twenty-two bound volumes and forty-four pamphlets. CURRENT WoRK OF THE MUSEUM. In the BOTANICAL DEPARTMENT, the accompanying report of the Botanist, Mr. Charles H. Peck, will give an account of the progress of his work in the study of the fungi. The additions in this class from his own collecting are noted above. ; A collection of the fungi has been classified and arranged in a large case upon the second floor of the Museum. ‘The number of species amounts to sixty-three, of which three are of the genus GEASTER, three of Bovista, three of SCLERODERMA, fifteen of LYCOPERDON, and thirty-seven of Potyporus. In order to exhibit the different forms and varieties these are distributed in one hundred and twenty-three trays. In the zo6LoGICAL CoLLECTIONS, Dr. De Tarr, the assistant in this department, has added a collection of fresh-water shells made in the vicinity of Albany. The collection in ornithology has been partially rearranged, and a list of the species as known in the modern nomenclature of this class has been prepared. Some progress has been made in collecting information regarding the geographical distribu- tion of the birds within the limits of the State of New York. Dr. De Tarr has also communicated a paper on the species of rhizopoda found in the vicinity of Albany. The collection of Unionide, with sections of the shells and illustra- tions of anatomical structure, mentioned in my report of last year as being prepared by Mr. Simpson, is now in progress of arrangement and will soon be placed on exhibition in cases, recently provided for this and other collections, and arranged within the area formerly used as a working room upon the second floor of the Museum, The collection of fresh-water and land shells prepared by Mr. C. E. Beecher will be placed on exhibition in the same area.*. The bones of the whale, RoRQUALIS BOREALIS, purchased in 1880, were sent to Prof. H. A. Ward for preparation, and the maceration is reported as so far progressed that the skeleton will be ready for mounting some time during the coming summer. In the GEOLOGICAL DEPARTMENT, since the completion of the de- scriptions of the Lamellibranchiata, considerable progress has been made in the selection, arrangement and labeling of these fossils, of which the Museum possesses large collections. Great delay has oc- curred in the publication of these descriptions, owing to the non- printing of the three preceding Museum reports. ‘The descriptions of these fossils, with some additional material, will be again communi- cated with the present report, and we may expect their publication during the present year. Considerable progress has been made in the selection, cleaning and *The new cases provided for this area, with some others arranged upon the same, will give us nearly two hundred and fifty feet additional case room under glass. Srate Museum oF NATURAL HISTORY. 9 determination of the bryozoans of the Hamilton Group by Mr. Geo, B. Simpson, who has charge of these collections.* The work of cutting and preparing sections of fossils, and of cut- ting, polishing and shaping specimens for the Museum collections, has been steadily continued during the year, with the exception of some interruption arising from the preparation for, and the arrange- ment of new cases for the. reception of collections already mentioned. We have heretofore had no means of placing on exhibition any of these cuttings of fossils; but in order to give to amateurs and to visitors at the Museum some idea of the nature of this work, a glass case will be placed in one of the window recesses of the first floor, which will give room for the exhibition of about sixty specimens of these translucent sections, The Museum now possesses a much larger collection of these sections than any other in the country, and its value in the study of the minute structure of these fossil organisms cannot be overestimated. © During the past year many boxes belonging to the Museum collec- tions made in former years have been unpacked, the specimens cleaned, ticketed, classified, and incorporated in the general collections. Among these were twenty boxes of Chemung fossils, collected by Mr. Sherwood, in the southern counties of New York and in Tioga county, Pennsylvania. Also two barrels and several boxes of Niagara fossils, sponges, and other fossils from Hamilton, Ontario, in part collected by Mr. Walcott, in 1878; and increased by a valuable donation, in- cluding several species of DicryoNeEMa and other fossils from the late William Waddell, Esq., of Hamilton. The collection made by Dr. J. W. Hall from the limestones of Lake’Champlain and from the Tren- ton limestone of Herkimer and Oneida counties, amounting to fifty- six boxes, have also been unpacked and the specimens ticketed and recorded. A large part of these, after selections for the Museum, will serve to render more complete the series of duplicate collections from the lower formations, of which the Museum has heretofore possessed very little material. For the present time the collection has been re- packed in boxes for want of drawers for its systematic arrangement. DISTRIBUTION OF DUPLICATE COLLECTIONS. Collections of fossils from the duplicates of the Museum collections have been furnished to the Skaneateles Library Association, the War- saw Union School, and smaller collections sent to other educational institutions. Ten collections, representing in each one hundred and eight species characteristic of the New York formations, have been prepared and are ready for distribution. The number of applications for these collections is increasing with each succcessive year, and it isa part of the plan of the Museum to disseminate a knowledge of its labors through these collections, and otherwise as widely as possible among the educators of the State. The frequent call for collections, and for information from all parts of the a — *The descriptions of the bryozoans of the Upper Helderberg and Hamilton Groups, com- municated with the report of 1879, have not yet been printed, and in order to save the priority of work done on these fossils, I communicated an abstract of the paper to the Albany Institute in March, 1881. teen Doc. No. 38.) 2 3 <_ 10 THIRTY-FIFTH ANNUAL REPORT OF THE State, shows the increasing interest in the subjects, and the importance of these small representative collections, and their value in the estima- tion of the teachers of science. _ With the present organization of the Museum staff this work of selecting, arranging and labeling is done under many disadvantages and bears very heavily upon the Curator and assistants. ADDITIONS TO THE ARRANGED COLLECTIONS. A collection of the casts of bones of the ODONTORNITHES, presented — by Prof. O. C. Marsh (of which:a list 1s appended), have been ar- ranged in a case upon the second floor of the Museum. ‘The specimens donated by the Rev. W. H. Dean, and those pur- chased of Charles H. Haskell, from the Utica State, have been care- fully studied and a series placed in the table cases of the paleonto- logical series upon the first floor of the Museum. ‘This series repre- sents the development of Zriarthrus Becki. A more recent pur- chase made from Mr. Haskell will enable us to complete the collec- tion in some other groups, and notably in the Graptolitide and Mol- lusca —the whole forming a very valuable and complete represen- tation of the fauna of this epoch. | Two remarkable specimens of Endoceras from the Trenton lime- stone from former collections have been added to the arranged collec- tions of the Museum. Abont one hundred and fifty specimens of the fossils of the Black River limestone; the gasteropoda of the corniferous limestone, and some large and fine specimens of Favositers Helderbergie have been selected for the arranged collections and packed in boxes properly marked, awaiting cases for their arrangement in the Museum. About thirty-five large slabs of the corniferous limestone with Hridophyllum, Heliophyllum, Zaphrentis, etc., have been temporarily arranged on shelves in the entrance hall of the Museum. The statements above do not, however, by any means express the real amount of work done in the geological department, which in amount of interesting and valuable material for scientific study far exceeds all the other collections of the Museum. For its proper study, - disposition and arrangement, more assistance is absolutely necessary, and if we are required to provide duplicate collections for the schools and colleges, it cannot be done with the present force of the Museum, unless we relinquish all original investigation. In conclusion I may say, that were there appropriate space and_ - proper cases for the placing of collections I am prepayed to add to the paleontological department a much greater amount of material than has been added to the arranged collections during the past fifteen years. MvusEUM PUBLICATIONS. As I stated in the last report, nothing has yet been done te for- ward the publication of the Museum reports 32, 33 and 34, which now remain in the hands of the State printer. These reports with their special papers form the medium of communication between the ~ Museum and the scientific public, and are the only means of present- ing to the world evidence of work done in the several departments of ‘science. Already we have discovered that, of the new species of fungi, . State Museum or NaturRAL HIStory. 11 descriptions of which were presented with the thirty-third report at the close of 1879, several have, in the meantime, been elsewhere described, and the same is true of some of those communicated with the thirty- fourth report. | In the thirty-third report the Curator communicated descriptions of numerous species of fossil Bryozoans of the Upper Helderberg and Hamilton Groups. The delay in publication threatened to deprive the Museum of the credit of prior publication, and an abstract of the paper has been published in the Transactions of the Albany Institute. We have now, however, every reason to believe that the present report will have speedy publication, and that we may be able to remedy in some degree the unfortunate delay in the publication of previous reports of the Museum. Respectfully, your obedient servant, JAMES HALL, Curator of the State Museum of Natural History. December, 1881. “08 ate ht A ‘nit Shit rw) Ste “ute ADDITIONS TO THE STATE MUSEUM DURING THE YEAR 1881. APPENDIX A. I. BOTANICAL. Received from Mrs. S. M. Rust, Syracuse, N. Y., specimens of three species of flowering plants. From Mary E. Banning, Baltimore, Md., a specimen of Pachyma Cocos, Fr. From Lizzie G. Barnett, Cannonsburg, Pennsylvania, specimens of Secotium Warne, Pk. | ; From Eloise Butler, Minneapolis, Minn., specimens of Secotiwm Warne, Pk. From W. R. Gerard, New York city, N. Y., specimens of Aeidiwm Rusbyi, Ger., and Polyporus arcularius, Fr. From J. B. Ellis, Newfield, N. J., specimens of five species of fungi. From C. J. Sprague, Boston, Mass., specimens of Lecidea vescicularis, Hoftm., and Biatora globifera, Ach. From 8. H. Wright, M. D., Penn Yan, N. Y., specimens of six species of European fungi. From E. C. Howe, M. D., Yonkers, N. Y., specimens of two grasses and one sedge, one of the former being new to the herbarium. From M. F. Merchant, M. D., Moravia, N. Y., specimens of Mitchella repens, ., with white berries. From H. W. Barnum, Valley Falls, N. Y., a specimen of Trillium grandifiorwm, Salisb. From Prof. C. EK. Bessey, Ames, Iowa, specimens of Secotiwm Warnei, From C. W. Irish, Iowa City, Iowa, specimens of Polyporus fraxino- _ philus, Pk., and Trametes Peckii, Kalchb. From I. Cowles, Flushing, N. Y., a specimen of Opuntia Rajinesquit, Engelm. From J. L. Bennett, Providence, R. I., specimens of one hundred and nineteen species of Carex. These were contributed in pursuance of an exchange commenced with the late Mr. 8. T. Olney. By collection of the Botanist sixty-seven species of fungi, of which forty are regarded as new species. 14 THIRTY-FIFTH ANNUAL REPORT OF THE II. ZooLoGIcAL. Alcoholic specimen of the Blind Proteus (Proteus anguinis). From Mrs. H. Townsend, Albany. Rattles of Colorado rattlesnake (Crotalophorus). From Rev. H. C. Stanley, Albany. | One specimen of Shore crab (Sesarma cinerea), 8. W. shore of Staten Island. Krom Wm. T. Davis, Staten Island, N. Y. Jaws and Tail of Whip Ray, East coast, Florida. From Douglass Corning, ‘Troy, N. Y. | Very large hen’s egg containing a smaller perfect ege. From David Westfall, West Sand Lake, N. Y. One great blue heron (Ardea herodias, L.) From L. Schenck, Albany. One very large Canada porcupine (Hrethizon dorsatus, L.), taken two — miles south of Albany. From W. F. Bennett, Albany. By - Purchase, _One American bittern (Botaurus lentiginosus, Mont.) By Collection. One Lora rail (Porzana carolina, L.). A series of the following fresh-water shells has been collected in the immediate vicinity of Albany by Dr. De Tarr. Unionde. Unio complanatus, Sol. Margaritana rugosa, Barnes. ‘* carlosus, Say. s undulata, Say. ‘* ochraceus, Say. Anodonta fluviatilis, Dill. “ yadiatus, Lam. Feb. 19, 1876. STATE Museum OF NATURAL HISTORY. 21 "9, State Normal and Training School, at Buffalo. Jan. 25, 1876. eeaciiets Number of species of fossils, including repetitions, 136.... ... ~ 892 Number of species of minerals, including varieties, 97........ 143 Total number of specimens of fossils and minerals........ 535 10. State Normal and Training School, at Geneseo. March 2%, 1876. Number of species of fossils, including repetitions, 127........ 372 Number of species of minerals, including varieties, 92........ 137 Total number of specimens of fossils and minerals........ 509 11. State Normal and Training School, at Fredonia. May 6, 1876. Number of species of fossils, including repetitions, 124........ 374 Number of species of minerals, including varieties, 90......... 137 Total number of specimens of fossils and minerals........ 511 12. Alfred University, at Alfred. Jan. 8, 1877. Number of species of fossils, including repetitions, 120........ 368 Number of species of minerals, including varieties, 90........ 138 Total number of specimens of fossils and minerals....... 506 Professor Roland D. Irving, University of Wisconsin, in return for some portions (tooth and part of tusk) of the Cohoes Mastodon. mramiber ot species of fossils, 30... 0... ccc cece eens cn ence 62 13. State Normal and Training School, at Cortland. Oct. 28, 1878. Number of species of fossils, including repetitions, 120........ 365 Number of species of minerals, including varieties, 88........ 142 Total number of specimens of fossils and minerals,....... 507 -- 14. Reserved for State Normal School, Brockport. Number of species of fossils, including repetitions Number of species of minerals, including varieties............ 140 Total number of specimens of fossils and minerals........ 495 22 | ‘THIRTY-FIFTH ANNUAL REPORT OF THE 15. Reserved for State Normal School, Potsdam. | No. of specimens. — Number of species of fossils, including repetitions ........... 349: Number of species of minerals, including varieties............ 140 Total number of specimens of fossils and minerals........ 489: 16. Reserved for Number of species of fossils, including repetitions............ 331 Number of species of minerals, including varieties............ 156. Total number of specimens of fossils and minerals........ 487 1%. Albion Academy and Union School, Albion, N. Y. Dec. 6, ot, 1880; Number of species of fossils, including repetitions........ ... 391 Number of species of minerals, including varieties........... 154 Total number of specimens of fossils and minerals........ BAB. 18. -Westfield Academy, Westfield, Chautauqua county, N. Y. ; Nov. 1880 Number of species of fossils, including repetitions ............ 315 Number of species of minerals, including varieties ............ 136 Total number of specimens of fossils and minerals........ 451 19. Norwich Academy, Norwich, Chenango county, N. Y. Dee. 6, 1880. Number of species of fossils, including repetitions........ jobanlt oOo Number of species of minerals, including varieties..... \ aaeaete 138 Total number of specimens of fossils and minerals........ 503 20.. Schoharie Academy, Schoharie C. H., N. Y. Nov. 1880. Number of species of fossils, including repetitions............ 362 Number of species of minerals, including varieties....... 0 sie é sya eee Total number of specimens of fossils and minerals........ 494 Strate Museum or Natura. HIsTory,. 23 II. STATEMENT OF THE DISTRIBUTION OF FOSSILS AND MINERALS FROM THE STATE MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY AND FROM THE PRI- VATE COLLECTION OF JAMES HALL, FROM 1866 To 1873. Specimens of Fossils sent to different institutions of science or learn- ing, within the State of New York, from 1866 to 1880, by assent or direction of the Secretary of the Board of Regents, or on application from some member of the Committee on the State Museum. 1866. Buffalo Natural Mstory Society, through Hon. George W. Clinton. mincara Grpup, (Waldron).........e0seeccsecresceee - 18 species. Tertiary, Alabama............ Me ale aie (ste) abeuareteter? Lary d ei ee 7 SN SOF —= =_— The number of examples not noted, but there were at least an aver- age of three to each species, or 177 specimens. 1868. A collection furnished to Dr. S. B. Woolworth, for donation to some academy, name not recorded, December, 1868. *Niagara group (N. Y. and Ind.)...... 13 species. 32 specimens. “Medina sandstone (N. Y.).......:..+. Bs) ae olen pe Ewower telderbero (N. Y.).). 2... 55.01 Gi dee Boer Oe a ee hip aba Peal Upper Helderberg (N. Y.) ........-.0. Bn 6 a ees fimencon croup. (N. Y.)..... cose seoes. 2 Nich i 5? “ m0 « 143. « —_——. — 1869. The Wood Library of Canandaigua. EPS AMOUSATICSLONGs: 510). ci 2s seis «vce s's\v'e s'« ce cess en's sie 4 species. mepmeonuriver STOUD (OHIO). acc lee oe ele ee ences Loece Semrtrsmn i) Yat Ld)... was wile o's tue ele aie ee wtale’s Bidd io aie mayer Helderbers (N. ¥.)..0....0. 5 ENP AA Mh tig Dated LB ete pee peer Melderbery (N.Y)... 6s cca ess ste Sale ear sen Maud: UPMPOR IS TECIEO TEE (IN N.Y ..'2's's'e's'o'o a'e efala(slswla's wid ate Oreste eas 33 *S So: 4 eee ——— Number of specimens not recorded. * Those marked with an asterisk were from Mr. Hall’s private collection. 24 THIRTY-FIFTH ANNUAL REPORT OF THE 1869, November. Jamestown Academy. *Lower Silurian (various ae Oe 21 species. 41 specimens. 40 6¢ *Niagara (Waldron, Ind.). . Aerie a ES ihe ih *Lower Helderberg (N. Y,). stale ops a eg ee Pe Hamilton group (N. Y. ” re es Paayy ye 34 a CHomune. cee se eer ae eatene Cees ote Bh. Meas 13 “ *Tertiary—Alabama...............06. SUA mea OO. jh ee Miscellaneous....... a eihtaehetitier 2 spots Cider tS aie 109 66 199 6é III. MEMORANDUM. SPECIMENS SENT TO INSTITUTIONS AND INDIVID- UALS IN HXCHANGE, AND FOR ASSISTANCE IN MAKING COLLECTIONS FOR THE STATE MUSEUM. Specimens sent to the Hssex Institute of Salem, Mass. In exchange for recent corals for the State Museum of Natural History, 1867 : *Niagara group Near) PE gt OS, SU ALIN ieee me 24 species. Cornmiferous (CN: Yo). 6). sera ay Oe ke ae coe Sate Oe Ui & lamcom CN. "Y). osie oie tots o upsletare eve we miele la) ate ersnne aL: Chemie (Lowa)e cae sc ee oh. INL cheer. Bente 1G: Be Chemung (NM. Ys) 2000505. NOR shape Rage Sete ean alee LOT oes Number of specimens about 300. ' Specimens sent to the Derby Free Museum at Inverpool, Hng., in return for objects of Natural History, and in consideration of civili- ties extended by Capt. Sir James Anderson in the transmission of books, etc., 1867 : *Potsdam sandstone... o0<-*s sis a Scaiice te prac ancien 2 species. “Trenton [imesbowe vis 362). 12 estos. ei ata wibtiale = eteter ble 12 7 Hudson Tver Croup. 2 .i.c soca ses chs wine, alk okere ereundegams ate 1B *Medina sandstone ....... Perel e vols ok aid wopys Race gmetods Dyas EC GONy fi. alsicshesoue 0 Pialeeege tin eieieiehe eye wiieieus lope Seat Re pee teens ene 5 nes: “Niagara (IN. Vain ids) sccts ievetede levels wie cegkealsiene auaaponayt 1G. ses *Lower Helderberg............ Rade rese weleueneyes eps aie nce ak Pe Saale Oriskany... i oLteyouog inthe wnxny SBIID0YIIOQ | V-FE "WIN[NSUID SBIZ00TII0, ""UINjONY sv1s00y410O "sn[ByUBy, sBLI00qIIO op op Op oP oe Cp ep op op op op oF Oe op op 2D 3—$¢ 9-96 ‘uIn[Noseut svt900y410) | U—,e¢ THIRTY-FIFTH ANNUAL REPORT OF THE 36 age Rie e sca asks Mosca seeuess = (claus sf shetereve cates eres op Saket a ete cee op op ; J-6L Si (a op atebaiatetgie a terete te op op 0-9), 1, See c eres eres ccereces [reese esccevaese op coer eee coerce op op C-)) rE @eennveevercee eoeoeveeesn a ese a eck caleaes ue op eoosvoevseeeeve op op p-9), T 'e'8y ‘a 82 9 Sy‘ ype (es eee a oie cee op Lae Cat ER OR SCRE op op X-cy, Sa PO RRA Wo RE at omen ore op Pe ta eae te ae op op b-F) *peuingoy ecortseonevecen ecoeene eco5aoeeeoene euelte (exes op eeceoe5ane ets oe on op op ae} *pouinyary @cecerceesr esos en eteoes eeoes,eeoerec voces ee ee op eoeceeceevece of op op 1-@), “pouingar ‘4 escecececeeveeveese eee es eee speeecceroeorteoeeeres op EEO Na ICCC lar OS IC) op op S=p) tf ange! £22 Ser “3y ‘Tg Id Pe a er ee er ee op Bie calelers, one “eo cre aie op op J-0), i ee ese “eT cole 211 ‘Id eee e seer. coencece op pees eceseccoee op op u—-69 eerie! a ‘Id coer eres eecececece op ee es ec ec ccces op op 0-89 ecec cce ral “a aa Ta eee are ce cece ence op eee eccesecoce op op 3-19 AF eee ceese me age ce "Id coer eerecees eee) oe op 5 NE See ee op op —99 7 eeeeece “og ° ce ‘Id Bie EC Seo 8 == OTR OUOS sce r cco seerece op op n{—C9 "2G ‘8), ‘Id cece ee et ee ee oo ee op cece vec ececcese op op V-¥9 "35 ‘94 ‘Id SESE EE ey AUN ACG) cece reece ee ese op op u—-E9 "3, hele seco e ee ee eect esos Op » veer ee oensoees op op : 1-69 “3U Veta seer ececerececece coer op eee seco er Cee re op op @-T19 ‘ * *-91TIByoOyog eecoreeer ee ee o op op u-()9 ‘SU ‘th Ta eS) oxen Maletea ele: ener op op Z-6G Sa ey tal eo eeeser eter seos op aileiians) e)eewel(@ eess ce op op 3-8G "85 “G8 ‘Id ee eee ee er ee op eee ee Ce op op e-LE . “35 oy Tp cece tees ee eseceee op eo re eecee vaca e op op A-9G Sees ane “Oy, take ere eee OTR OUOG SECRCECNC ECE EK nONCOnCIED WNXn] Sv19g00Y}AO f-eg i | es ff eee e e o e e e e e e e oe eeres oO ce ~ ct ie A, ‘syIVuMOy *90Ue10 JOY ‘AqITROO'T . ‘OuUleN IoquinN ‘(panuijzuo) ) — LIND AIMVHOHOS 37 STtaTE MuseuM oF NATURAL HISTORY. ‘pouingjot ‘7, 0) \e| @ (0 0 (6.6 0 0 6 es 6: ecn F884 “V 8h ‘Id "Coli O2. “Tel “" eT “8g ‘GE ‘Id eoeseveeeenwereeeee ¥e ‘839 ‘08 ‘Id U7 Oe Bled "6 ‘3 ‘08 ‘Id ELLE) “39 ‘0g ‘ld e Bhi “OU ays) ‘Id "9 ‘e ‘s8y “08 ‘Iq "8B “Gh ‘Td @ ‘T 890 ‘¢h ‘Id . ES an ‘ce Ted e eeoeeoeoeeeeoeeeeveeeee eeseeseeoeeeeetesees eeeeeeeseeeve eee eoeoeeceeeseeeee3seee see ces op seas erase op O[[LASyACLO eeeeees eceoeee ° e op "* @LIByoyog 5 NL I) Sy op "* alByoyog i op oe op ~ OU [TAsyre] a op "* eLIByoyog OT [Ass ae]) Gon op "* elIByoyog a op 50 op os op eeeesneeee op eeeoe- 0 eee elIvyOyoR OP op = op op ee op op " WNYL[[OO sv.L900TII0 ey op poe 0D op ae tOP op eee) op Se op “ae sUp op “8 WNOlI}94 SBIQDOYJIGO vere “On op "*** snoz sv1a00yzIO i op op : op Op ; op Oop op. op : op op : op op : op op * TUunxny] ee THIRTY-FIFTH ANNUAL REPORT OF THE 38 Ne ‘soo01d ¢ UT anv *BHIVUIO} eeeeeoeeeoeeeeeeeeeeeeee aisle eeeoeeewreeen te eeeeerseoe Omer) Cs0.0 080 § "8U. eee ae He hay * 6h ‘ld Pe aes ty “ay ¢ 8h ‘Id evehissen operate ""e “3U, 2) ee pres ersae £9) ‘Id Pert 2 ey: "oy ‘ce Ta SE SOS ‘6 ‘seu “6. cet ee "30 “SIT ‘Id “IL ‘OL 6 880 ‘18 ‘Id aicceccwellakets oe, auc Tg ‘Id eeeeeoeeeeeveeseeseeeee ee ee cee F280 ‘c "S32 PG “al eh “9 889 “W 8h ‘Id pee se G &. 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SoROU TT SelaOOu ING) v-09T SEGEO Det) 0-0 C-O-Ostm ceo op se eeceecercceseen op op J-6ST ccc rere ee ee cee ees op pt ess st oo WN Peul SelaoOUsug) D-QCT ei sitol emer sene.~ pirerets) siete op coe eee oe ce eee op op SUI HE eo ece reer Pees cere op Ce op op O-—9CT eooe eee ec ee ete oe oe op fee et eee eo teases op op 2-GCl eee OL OuoS coer eco ree oe os op op A-FeT Po teUg EE Baie 64 ‘Id i pou eer ere race a aor eee op pci ROPE EEOT op op Hoe eeoeonovoaeve7e eee ee ee ee @ @ a] [ASH IeIO eoecece eee ee oe oe op op see e op wlorleWaltenie/ eine) ele aelrenex op op —67hL es Lt eee ee SILASLELO aifelie}ai tee ots avie\rel 6: «)-6) sv10009140 0-666 ea G 985 *L0 Id Cad cea ee eoee op eoeseeveeeeecee op op Z-QES : L6 ‘Id = eoeoetoeearecaeoeeeee op ese <2. = OLLEOUOR eee op op O-98% ONO SOO CEO -) SUASATPIO eee e ee ee ee ee oe op op A-GES teeteeererers gn op S-VEe Pace SN en set ees? ap a sv1900}149 -GL% coesteeoereerr eeee op eeececnw es eeeseees op 4yseo Byotod Bygny [°° * "°°" TT Sg 96. ld ee SPO en oT OO COG * OLIBYOyog pees eececeos veces op eee ser eseee “°° OT[LASHIVIO Teoh aro oe ene p uy "| BULSIIO *48e0 ByOIEd Byyns LASSE ‘OU “96 wa weer eves "i "39 16 el shal +s te it “9 "S0U “96 ‘Id seer eeereosors "*°* o1reyoyog © 00,8 5 0,6 0,00) 0 0) 0 6 0; 06,6 010 SSRs PROSE TITA RL BIC) Sian ie sea a ioe nsoronneno'« aay OUOG ecoetee es ce er sees vee e eecee score eeas vee op eecoveees vee op op N-TES Stele ge aerials [wwe cecnes snes orTAs mer |*t> "=?" uMIMeene Ssereooqiky | ypee * SYIVUIEIY “e0ueIEJOY “AqITeOO'T ‘eueN “-1equInN — LI) AlIYVHOHOS 43 State Museum oF NaTuURAL HIstTory. *pouinjery “M ‘pouinyory *4SB90 eYyoIed veins *[BUISLIGC *‘pouinyey "‘poumnjot ‘MA *pouinjoy *pouinyory *‘pouin4yory “pou.ingoyy ‘pouinyoy "pot.ny ory “XLV ) +7, “4q8e0 eyored e44n3 ¢ “T, *[PULSIIO ) “7 nh *pau.inyory *peurnyoayy ee ae, “30 ‘OF Ta e@eeeeecevnseteeevaed oe ee aa, "OU “EP Meh 'L % 880 ‘66 ‘Id . 23 "OU Faye ‘Td "9 ‘¢ ‘800 “66 ‘Id pee “By “66 Ta 2G 4. OF a ete ‘> “OY ‘OP ai eeee e ‘OU ‘OF ‘Id '& ‘T 885 ‘86 ‘Id eee °g “OU “LP ‘Id @eeeeeevs ee ee ee "8 '8U 66 ‘Id Sree tee eel 66 lid ‘BY “86 * 9 SU ‘8h ‘Id ** oLIByoYyaG Ht XOUy ** OIBYoyos “OTITASHIRLO gets a elie gn eA eas lp m5 an ee op Ss aabeea ees oseep oes oS ** O1IByOyoo * O[TTASI TRIO eS: ee -siiveme ere eS —— is ane ** 9LByoyog "*unsiour se1e00q1h9 | w—F) 7 ‘UIN[NSUIO sB1800N}109 | G-ELZ op op O-ELG ale op Oop CO-TLE ae se OD, op P-OLE Aes op op X-69% wie eed op D-89% see op Op A-LIG eee Oop Oop 1—-G9G - ees op op S-E9G Sean op op O-F9% oat op Op U-€9G med op Op 0-696 See op op 3-196 aes op Oop A-()9G eae op op 1-6S% Sos op op Y-89% sree op op 1 U-LGE ae Op Op 1-QGG . ee op op O-SGS SeeS op op U-hGS aes op Op Z—-E GG a ae Oop op 3-GGS aS op op O-TSG Ease op op A-0G% " BiiceeeOp op | g-6F% "***unsourds se1ad001Ay | 0-2F% ar egetiee 2 Op op 1-LbS geek 2 OD op O-9FG sess s Toser seto00jtAg | U-cHZ THIRTY-FIFTH ANNUAL REPORT OF THE 44 “pouinyory *pouimnyoy “pou.injory "pou.injory *‘pournyery "pouinyoy "‘pouinjoy er "Sy Ivey pe Eee eee can 9G ‘Id ‘eo eeeesven es % ‘soy ‘ ‘6S e es a ial elk ON . @eeeerveeseeewmrhese °2 Ep on “Ge [a peace Oy “6g "la ree te eeeeeereeseeeeeees ee tags 68 ‘Id Td ‘Lom Ged Shares “6c ahal Se eu Vt ald Se sty "3g 67 eli eee 2 or 001 scl a “QDUBL1OJOYW ‘(panuywog) — LIYH AlAVHOHOS eoeoeoeeeweeeeevwe eve seeeeeee eoewoeoee0eeae eoeeeeee eees eeoeoeeeee e@eeee "ee °" o1reyoyog Pe IvIO e op ‘ olreqoyog ole oyTtas S810 op e op ‘ olavyoyog cd ae a tO) : op * alivyoyog +s -xOUy “AqTB00T op op on "*unIUadne sBIID0YOOI], | V-96% * "HANS PLOOSIP SBIODOYIOLT, @eevse#esee op @eeoeeoee528ees op @ee0eeeee op op op oP op op eee op op Q-982 ecee op op Uu-Gg¢ OD op 2-V8G eee op op 3I-E8Y ep Op jngsene eee. op op A-[8z ) soe i SvI0OYOOI], | V-GELS "HOJIG SBLIDOYOOLT, | M-QLe "" WINX] SBIOD0UJIQ | 4-1 Lz OP ep * unplva se1ed01hy | 7-GLz% *OUlUN “1equinN 45 StaTE MuszEumM oF NaturRAL History. “pou.inyory “pouinyzory e@ewwses B@eeoeesoseeoeeeeneeeee e@eeeeeee eeoeeeceve5nre88e eas! SU. “ELE ta ST 899 eu Id meee 30) TLE ld 7276 “S5 '89 ‘Id wi ‘8G ‘Id “*" Qo) eG ‘Id @eeeoe0oe54eoeteeestet8te#ere eeeeeeveec4s+ee0eee8 ee =O) a0) EEL Ta 256 “oy TIL ‘Id ‘OL ‘8D ‘IIL ‘Id eoeeeoeceo¢ev45eseeesee eeeeoeeoeeeveeeeee 88" "% 85 “Be Id \ eeeoeoeveewpeeeeeeeetesones eee eoeeeee eee eeeaeee @eeseeeeee#eee eoeoeoeveeeee > eoe@eeoe@es39es8ees eeeeoe0e4u84H9e2e8g90e eoeee?wtetemreeoe eeeoneeveevee @eeeeovxsee#es @-s * aLIByOyo op * OT[ASyIBIO op op op op i op op op : op op ‘ op * eleyoyog So) fester na E8) op eer op * OLIBYyoyo Here Qn ollBVyoyog oP “unsuvdxe svre00yoory, op oF oy op “wngenbi[qo svraooyoor gy, op oP ***" TOIpuBd SVI9D0YOOLT, oe op op lopUBLIVE SV.IBDOYOOLT, WNIUESNs se1od0YO0I J, eoe0e458 wy op of op ‘** MOLIQ) SB.1d00Y90I], oP op eeooeeoeee ete wniuesne SBIDDOTOOLT, THIRTY-FIFTH ANNUAL REPORT OF THE 46 *‘pouinqer ‘7, *‘poutnjoal al *pournyol “L ‘poumnjoy | ‘pourngor *SyIVUeYy aan as, REPOS, on ge rae ‘Id i op @eer evee eeoeoeeeereeeeeee @eevreseee#eee? ee ‘By S eervroeeese3eoeeeenvn#se#rteeee eee NG Eee Gas del | toe gs % “T “S8y “V 89 ‘Id vr epeeoeweeee oe pete Pe co ‘g ‘S8y "eO'Tae | V0 SBE EE Tg: (neo auterrge ai ‘Eg Ten eoee pT 895 “eg ‘Ig |**"" eoeseseveeereeee ‘ANOLSHWIT OUHAUHOCTHH YWddn ne are eae @ ‘soy ‘ Paes Ce eae 4 sre) meat fe Fee oo (CTEIE [ale] ees ‘Q0UdTOTOY ev @e err ne: Ae op Pri ege oe eraeria a gegen ge sense ue op egos? sun yenog Bone sduridg PPEyYony ee op op ese «6 ss 0 op op EOS 2 op op tesereres On op reassess On op eer SO} op reeeeees Korea La1049 i080 9 + OT SLE) dIBVYOyog eoeeceeece AOTIVA AaIayO @eeeeeeetpnee ® @ OL [IASy18[D Gievtaacninck se cree op Fees eeeeeees orpgoyog siscSoaaveP as shake op Hees eees ees orasMIely eoeoevceveeee2@e8@e@ op "AqyB0O0T eeeeoe "(panuyu0go)— LIND AWINVHOHOS ap op op op 8s Op OL * QATOALI} SB.1I0014.9 op oP “wmn}epupun seredo1ky “UIUIBINP SV1ID0Y IC “***TINIVA SBIIDOYIIO op eae OF oe op op ****tuunpued ¢ seia001N04 "* oeyoyog f° ss sts wnsuvdxe svia0yoo4 7, ‘oueN ‘10quUInN AY State Museum or. 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SIF, "* ++" OUIpOLOg see op OE OE teerettere On Heese op ++ ++ -gTTLASTOS IaJVMISPLIG 189 NT @eere ,eee8e °°" * @lvyoyog 2 or oS ts SBIAOUOZEE) Feeteeee ete WIOg sr 5h) OTTIATIOIN yey vnoiwpurureg Peeve reese s op BO RGEC CGI G ofc 2 Bem ee “py Spuvpjzequug ‘@e5485o@#ee?es: ** O[[TAS]OS oeeseoeeeseeest op “© eee ""* *BIAOUOZBI) eosceoes sndipq) SBIIVOYIIO "** WINjL[UQHS sv.lad0uqIO ““SLIB[NSUBIUN So}1}VIUOL " UNJBIODVUD SBIDDOY}IO recess SNUITXBU SHITINVN ° e ‘ ° op op SIIV[NSUBLUD SoqTyVIN05H op op Te op **sngeqorlun so41}VIUo4y SLIB[USUBIUN sot} BIUO+ snjeueldui0d soqytyeru0y) eresere op op vcee op op aeee op op niteneits op op AG Ot op op ""** SUUIIXBI SNITFNB NT sees SNewlov’ SNITINB NT procosd op op pikeewike op op eeoeea op op occ. op op press op op eee op op esee op op coos op op a op op coe. op op comets op op UINUIONG SNIIYNB\T 4 a THIRTY-FIFTH ANNUAL REPORT OF THE 62 aA eT ‘OU ‘Pd, ig ‘35 °e0: Tel pie ee ee Ne eg 7 (| ai sins 'svieice) wi “'-snqnoered $o4T}BIUOL Y-FT TT, ey whe) see pb 0) ef ei iG te, wate (ew ls plies eee “*ayBry voateG soes op op J-eT ‘pounger Tf en Be OL Id fot aamogy |suqeptod-a snyeurpduoo soyyeruoy | v-2T oT oc Pac, MS Me cones ERA Sock Bikes Bose a oo op. ee eet! op op f-TTs 8 ae ee wee 1, 9 "Soy ‘e) pa soevrentoe oor tes SIO IW ecoe sores STivnsuBian Soq1}VIU0H D-OL ag pitt £2 Socios Ta econ erecr cee e eee s op eoer coe ec eee s oe op op 3-6 ‘pournjot ‘7, soe eseve "OU Ge “ick ere eer ec tc eOnerccces op Oe or erie oe wigte « 0) « op op J-9 *pauinjzed sip ye ee sees “OU “68 td ete eer Ses SS SSI LION “IN Pe ees 8252 2 SOT OR Sv.1I00YJICQ 70-G ‘pauinjat hi , eee ee ew °Q od “56 Ta eoeoe erect oe oe oe oe ue uueg ec ere er ee ee ov ee xely sv1s00yduo04 v-f "pourngod ‘7, €2 6 0<00 0) Charo ee een euenet ere oe pia wanen cael ellenerece arp ene: op 2 eseeecerntee ere cee op op O-e *pouinjot AG eet oveveese T of were ‘Id eeeet ee @ oe © e © © >? 9] [TANSRIOg eoeree ee ee ese © o “Snooty Vy SBIDDOU IA ) 0=G ‘L » eee eee 8 oe 2g "35 ‘89 ‘Id ecco eon ee ee ce ee Bw ew SUIYICM corneceeer oer ee ee ‘saqsoXy gy, SVIODOYIAO v-T -anouy ADVALNOd —— . e e ° e e e PY « "SOUBUI SsBIOD0YydMOy | 7-T eocovreeee ee es+ ee oe oo udplLV ge Seer GULVIS CHHSANHD "TL “SU “2ST ‘Id [axe voousg ‘sarpury ipory Peete “snxo[duue soqiyeruoy | w-9 “‘pouinzoad ‘7, , eee ee £7 "3g ) Tey psc ee te ae eer OOS rreresss et s* SHOPIOOSIP S991} BIU0L 20-G *‘pouinjat “7, eee ee reer ee es eee score seer eco e ees seer seoens op reersrecess edgy —_ gprgo0ydmuy v-7f "‘pouinger ‘7, CaN O70c050- 0-08 0-0-080) Oe Ouse oaiceo (osb ecocececees eee tr eeoeraeves op spiabiennete arise eke mace op op A-@ ‘pouinqor ‘7, ges se OE ORE SES cone Se a Coeevreecc eee r eee r cece op sees ec ost sees op op S-% “poumnyer ‘7, Bisieiie. eile nivitente ietejteivel ejieie] oneiteriaXers Bet Cee Saye oer eeee sees sTINTBIOIN SBIBIOUWO v-T eae eC lek s ° e ° e e e ° “SyIVU9IY *90UdIOTOIY ‘Aq[eooT ‘gure N ‘I9qUInNy - “ANOUSHAIT ATTOW 63 STATE MusEuM oF NATURAL HISTORY. *pouinged *pouinjol ‘pauingot *‘pouinyayy ‘pouinjal ‘T, "4880 "pouinjot ‘7, “‘pouinjol “L eoeeee eeeeeeverte eee e eeeeneert ea er eoeee eeceoec¢ece37mw#eevevr @@@28 (@ 98 (SIT Id 25 Bg 98 “la coe *e "30 ‘98 ‘Id "GSU “98 ‘Id = ey 06 Jil 2G ae 6 Id eee e 9 “30 ‘06 Tah ‘OI “6 ‘88 ‘06 ‘Id . Sp “OY ‘C6 ‘Id eee °§¢ -au"G6 “Td ay Tie ou S 69 ‘Id S101 ‘OU. “69 ‘Id Sp), +6 ou < 69 ‘Id © (eters SeKerele. 9 25) 26 ‘Id Cote Sera og ‘OU “LT Ter taka ae eal “OU ‘OL ‘ld ee eee 7 ‘SY ‘Oh ‘Id 11g PhS GT rat data Sesion Ss "98g ee 1d ed ‘00 ppg ‘o[[LASUTSNY sar ars ep on "eq “00 palojpRigq ‘uoqueg (90,[dnp Suowe posed ueuoeds 100g) seecsee ewesvee e- esee eoeecee ee ve eoeoeee e ace ee 3 ee oeeovee e*eentee eeeeee eoeoe @ eeete seer ee oe ee ee e@eeeer 8 e © © @ © @ © op op oe Sena wa Det BTN TOD ““ysingsdiiyg See ae ee SS ag “"BoRVtyyy JO Ss “yO X ae NI UlIqINOG @eseeeeeeoeereerageee eeeeer e@ee8vee e epaeeet PREG ae Op Feeeeesensnes Op centertesewees On e@r eee ree ese poRyay "* MIOK MON [BIZUID eres ey) * BOCUYT ‘dNod YNOWAHO Oye] VanAvy opis “a "*** YOOIO SUOSIoBg Peete Te epopyaT vo reee eee eeuoqynty, Pieters ee popyay oe eee “STRAT 998110q ‘ayury Ronkey opts “Gq eececces cece op op ¢ evecvwe op op 6-0 O06. O10 Gab: 6 OO op op sseeereeces ss UNpIsOdxe SBLOD0TIIO oom e een ervecrmune "ee" "SBLO00UIIO ee op op oe op op Oc op op ae ‘ednkey "Iva ‘xAiqog sete00y}I0 teres Op op "rhs snUed SB1900YII0 teres On op "++ IapUuBar] SBIODOYIICO “* unyeuyed sv1000z19 : op op ve op ‘tUNprIuiny se1eooyd w04) "+ **f078[NWIS 80}1]BIU04) "snqvqsoorbe ava sisuosunmoeyy “5 Tress SISTOSUNMOYO 8091}BIU0H rose esees* Tnprung seroooydu0y snqepied ‘a ‘sngvuetdutoo SOqIJVIUOL) “*** *1UOSIE4Vq SoqTFVIUOF) op oP op op pee t ss ss * *** Sn SOUS. SeuIgBIto4 oeeeereneeeoeees “TUOS104 VT SOPIPVIUOL) eeeeteeener os snyvue[dui0o SoqTPBIUOr) THIRTY-FIFTH ANNUAL REPORT 64 } cd ¢ sunwmeyO *SyIVUey Peer feet 9 “OU ‘oT Id es rele Ol ‘euIpoy, ee a custens ‘dNOUd) ATYHAVM tt e6g && ‘g ‘0g “ ‘C1 eco ene eB TEES 12 oe , **snjoTjeired oe Seamer oF ES 6, a |e cea a ee ee op Bie ares op Sas Cot ee ae eae Se ees op forsee rene op - aie "*h {9 °G “soy ‘O@T Veal Shee Pete roe TO UIT OST ores eep ss" TTS EU sers00ydu04 ariethe lee te)ae zene Se ocneiehe aeirewe:ebientes icy tbc enema "S107 osueusyO migepist Ware ef ace sips cue scree ee ‘ds SvIJD0YIIO eae aes Peek ig ee op Re as op op es "9° eee! SIL ‘Id beeeeoceer sees sepangting oe Sy FO mae Ree Nee ete ee ed ‘ 00 PJ pBlgd ‘aT [TAs ulysny *90UdI1OJOY ‘AqyeooT (ponuxjwog) — OUD ONAWHHO "- Q[B}1OSUOD SBIZDOTIIO "wngIsodxe sv.e00}10Q ‘Ome se “= ***-suegod svisooyduoy | 7-T - 0-66 “IequinNT SUMMARY. ScHOHARIE GRIT. 336 specimens. 42 belonging to the old arrangement. 294 new to the collections. 63 now arranged in the cases. 273 wanting space. Uprrer HxenpERBERG LIMESTONE. 81 specimens. 19 belonging to the old arrangement. 62 new to the collections. 30 now arranged in cases. 51 wanting space. Marcetuvus SHALE. 120 specimens. 29 belonging to the old arrangement. 91 new to the collections. 83 now arranged in the cases. 37 wanting space. Hamitton GRovp. 226 specimens. 15 belonging to the old arrangement. 211 new to the collections. ~ 50 now arranged in the cases. 176 wanting space. TuULLY LIMESTONE. 6 specimens. d belonging to the old arrangement. 1 new to the collections. 5) now arranged in the cases. 1 wanting space. GENESEE SLATE. 1 specimen. [Sen. Doc. No. 38., 9 66 THIRTY-FIFTH ANNUAL REPORT OF THE Portage GRovp. 21 specimens. 10 belonging to the old arrangement. 11 new to the collections. 19 now arranged in the cases. 2 wanting space. Curmuna GROUP. 29 specimens. 4 belonging to the old arrangement. 25 new to the collections. 16 now arranged in the cases. 13 wanting space. WAVERLY GROUP. 1 specimen. TorALs. 821 specimens with labels for arrangement in the cases. 124 belonging to the old arrangement. 697 new to the collections. 268 now arranged in the cases. 553 wanting space. 67 State Musrtum oF NaTURAL HISTORY. e{[va jo 013998 ‘L ooo e ee ee oe ee ee eet roe we ee eee ts wow. eee op eoerxaveeeee op op Q-F ; “1, oo 8 20 ened ahecemuneliedesitekeishelererens op eocvoeceeetoe op op A-@ 7 sry & fe say Cerid cee eee eee evecece op pocrecocece op op S-z iL 20 ‘G a OT "83 ‘ce Mea haceler ate ea teMete)erevere aLIeyoyod © er exe "ees gngBiToqs SNUILOO.IVUBD v-T “SyIBUIOY *QDUGIOJOY *Aqeoo'y “OULBNT “LEqQuUINN ‘OSST ‘sasva a1gn) ay) Ut pahuniun mou pun ‘700dat ponuun y2ybra-hj wan, aY7 {0 WOIZIPA ULNASNUL YZ UI UOUUdLLISAP PUD WOVYLISNIIL UL PISN “ANOLSAWIT DLITNOVLNGY, 942 Wouf FAAIONIXY THIRTY-FIFTH ANNUAL REPORT OF THE 68 “£IBIQVyT wunasnyY 04249 944 wt UOlD9T[OD p[NOY oy} Jo onSoyeyvo oy} Jo Adoo ydiosnuvw oy} ul doquinyy} ‘epiuoig Apiweg oy} Jo sisdoudg 8 Bary Ul JOquINU [eLI9g, Ne) SING *(sotzos od Az ul g) vIpUyT “ord “OIO “WIBIS "SIDATY U.10489 AA ‘alode surg “IOAIY VOTOOOYRyYwYO “OOLX9 JT "BUIY UIOY1I0 N ASL [heceiat “[lzvig IN CO DWOnnnTR YY FAHOR "[IZB1g *duivexo ‘oya ‘Aq1T900'7 Jo ‘oN so teeeeemary fore see nox [oo ‘ess sgouaeg |o°° eoee0aoe — Bory eee Se a OO, eee eee EES eee = FOUN EY — = eens eecse0e BIT eee eeee ***BOrT eee pores 3) 6 | . eo 6 sss sunyog [ot oss sotemg [ot oe essuropy [tte SOOO a See "LOqNYy eeeeeveeee eoeeeoeeese es e e e e . e e e e e e e e e ° e . e e e » . e e e e ““SNUBIUITJOIN — *. 79 s> songgoid 1} > -sngor10ued reese sogiTroBIs "* * “SNULOSSIAR] "** **SnpIARId see ergnagre ey a la | on pa can) ony olf **-snurydjep -snuviurysog "****TLGUIUINO OU) ‘*snqvount} UOposlig "**B4B.d UOTO ae SE eciis Ne eyesnii0o0 eiyonbi1y, LUNG ‘NOILLOUTIOO GTINOS HHL 40 WAINOIND AHL AO LSI (qs0doqy piryy-A2ITY,L, 94) YIM poy BorTuNUIUIOD) a XIGNUdd V 991¢ geoe |. 82 oLse | Lz eLLe | 9% erie | zz eoLe | 0g GETS wig | 2 TP1¢ | FT 10¢9 | 21 cele | OL gee | 8 epoc | ¢ ores | ez G19 | , PGC 1W9e | | 6gg¢ *Lequinu) “1equinu PINOD t/ [PMOSe 69 STATE Museum oF NatTuRAL HIsTorRY, BTS eto ee) uBod0(T ‘(series ody ut) Aoavg - " assoUT9 J, eulyy “uByg-qug Gm Se Se “ 9essouuay, “puryjoy] MeN “IOAIY Soy UNF, *[Izeagq VOU USE TY " OOLXOT eS ‘yeuing ‘nsag *(sotzos od Ay ut of) Yeung ‘foarz, "esuegq JO S.A ‘uopéan “JOSSOUUdT, LG "RIGLOIX) "BIG.LOOL) "euUBIPUT "BULeqely “Ordo ‘Old ‘(YU “MSoq ,,) Serpuy 4S¥H ries rs OO CR Rr MN AOMORI AHOWRRNDHATAMoOOWNR © See omar tenes gary Fees es emary SS SPO EU “"**plnoy “tddtiyg “** pBluon ee =e RBS vee es eegary eee Sees er tenes Bary ees eepary Hee eeepary ** -TOsmoOg +++ non) Fee ery teste e port * perm0g tee DTT ee "* DRIMOD *“-IMENnsaT + es eemary -“SsomdRg te ssemory “ yyUy "** -snuiti4sodse ““ snsowALyory (i: ECs "*** snsoleis Pe SWC @) * SnuBIpBluo0y “+++ 1r¥9qSC “+++ TaqureTT "°° -snquaqqnes "** gaproumnono ce ese snonudiyyje "*** soprozeder} "e's snaazrord "*>--gninaedse "snyvornstdsaso "++ sisuaAOAvy, "*** SnjvVENII0O “+++ snaouip ses s+ enaprasa ‘sss gnaerroy ** “SNUBIUlOLy "*** snqvonjar beni er aire ‘snqvord **-9nqVjso00198 rose" ** Spouyn pon " -sngvordig[ nur "ers sigdonsdeg e e ° Pee ODD Ob bPPPbte db) SS bpphbp e868 | OT re6e | OL 76S | 66 sr9c | #6 POLFI | 86 TL9¢ sprig | §8 ‘one getg | 98 gets oggg | 6 zoe | 9p 1¢z9 | 92 erie | ey T7I¢ | 29 nga Zez9 | 6¢ elle | ge TLLP | Ge toed Ss PETS | GF pees | PF 9c6e | OF OrIe | 6g PPIG | ge zoeg | 9 6sI¢ | FE eerc | Te ogz9 | egg THIRTY-FIFTH ANNUAL REPORT OF THE 70 TAT O1O Vv seeeeess Teal es ees ws ees ORGT *d9SSoU Ud J, Ce ee eae mane 5 40214 | ee Py Eee SE LULOIIO ‘olqO vel ees 9 eae error eke Seas SRE LON UE ° 696E VEL ‘Olu ee ii po ee Ne Sa ema 896E | SET . “IOALY. ysequ A, aes pace eae eeee eee se erongoonmaA * 1 air Oel 8 T ¢ ‘org | ¢ Hees seeseepary |eseseeee eres es gnuertadooy 9 Pats v fl 6C6E 6ST N €€6E 9ET sa} fl 16t eal: 096 661 “BUBISINOT ss ee ee oe ear] eee ee ee nee eee es © snpising ae 686e SSL -euueqeTy tect etetemory [oe ee sees eee eee segnapzedse 14 anne GT "ad 1666 | 1 {868 9 pipn OSE ars ret etee cere eeenpnnrimyde « “IOATY Vsoodyy[ey, pur tddississt pq “euvisnory ‘I me a ce vel 300 “Ol pus sessauudeT, 9 te roel 12 foo ese ee oe sengommasnd, = Aq) PEGE ECL x0) 1079) puv [ddississt py 9 4 as fe emre ele SOUIvG eceoeo ee eres oe © tee 2 © snjnui0d n 61¢P C21 “20Ssou lO J, 57 es DUIUOD doe so oo fo ene ui tom. 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HHH eRe MH HORA HRWOR 2 RRNNL.NWMANnTOr: “SUOULUIT “+ pon) oeeee eee ie G AUTOWUY ‘* (OLply “fUOUUY “AUOqUY Sees, “(UUOOMO NT “SUOWUIG, a ay “ PILEL Bee alet Oe “" TYZFeLOLOOYOS "--snyerngsnd "* + snsosvdy = 0p eeece [Aoysi0,q * snsowA1yovy] **“snulyjoqui aie oY “SnUBIPBIUOD piece ®) oe Oe "* snquezqns - op "++ snordiyye oi Oy “saplozedery ** S1.Y84S000} 8] uy ** snaeytord stsuofOAaey, ue "** snqeyeso + op tes eees es gnagroy PPPPPPPDPBBEBSSDDDDSPPPPPDDDPHHPPp THIRTY-FIFTH ANNUAL REPORT OF THE 86 “aoSSOUUI T, “td d ssisst][ (‘peluog 210721077 “7 ) “BueIsTNOTT “LOATY VIULgL[Y LSAT BIUE EK IO) g 1OATY O1[Q g1OATy O14 oO ii(6) OMIO OG “eUleqLuly 9oSsguUd Ty, ‘sossouuay, d0lU aL) eile "90SSIUUIT, “IOATY VUUquily "eUBISINOT ee AN "UVSIYOIP, "0y0 ‘syreured ‘AyITBOOrT iE Re CMMmAMRNARNRNDODAHeH 10 RMMOnIe -duivxo JO “ON qwWooMo NT “fuoyjuy eee *prnoy Pee ‘kuoyuy “+s poy “AUoy UY =" 1990301 “+ pn04) +++ pmo0y SUOTUUIG, *Kuoyquy oy NII e “AUOUIUW "( WLOOMO NE "FeV ~AuoyyUuy Herold *Kuoyuy ~UeTpTy, “ploy eeeoeees F * AUOYJUW ‘g01n0g . mike e “BOT ee “BOTT + eRory +> eBory eee “BOTT + segory “souleq " SoUlVg “soured "Sole g "SouIVg “‘pelu0y “‘peru0y “+ separ - ugey * ugey +s Bary separ + segory ++ egary SADE NEI8i6)) “1OWINW ee ee geeee IlJJVIO[OOYOS ou ‘snuvi1adoo9g a ve" on “--"Snplainy "* -sngvaodse - ssnorrmenyds ss op + op ‘*-snsopnjsnd ers On eee gn eee op ar) "+ *SsnqnuUI09 : op "SNIPS.194 Ul SUIS oss op ** TOAQUBIOUL *-*--gnsreds s°- = -godeqs @eeeee op esee** TOd9R ‘OUR N ‘(ponuywo9) —XOLLOWTIOO IVUENAD HL JO WAINOINA Ba ex) es esvesoshon|ies\fanllan'jan|(snjisl ccf asy ax) =n]\ca) ‘equinu pinoy FIT VIT oLL *19qumnu [eMI0g 8% State MusEuM oF NATURAL HISTORY. ‘sOssoUUaT, (ABQ snwau 7) ‘aessauday, “eUBqLly “BULeqeTy P “BUeqeLy "BIULGIT A, “OlgO “OluO ‘olyO 6 OUO ¢ O1UO “BUY ‘(sunok) sossouuay, "(SoTvuloy puv soTet) dessouudy, ‘gessouudy, *(so[vuey puv sorvm) OLyGO “oly O (‘Avg 9ns001490909 *77) -olUO “oluo “sossouulay, “9essoUUd ], “soSsouulay, “gossouuay, “sossouuay, PO “OLUO "s0sso 9], “O14 ; “orqO “yseqe M pt) QUOD MO NT “ PPO Se SSPE Seb EDpEEDEBEEEDDPDD 68T 68T COT SOME GGT OST SPT SPL SPT OFT OFT aal CPL ial sat I OFT OFT 6ST IT 9ET EKGIL siege VEL VET VEL GEL . 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Hee se Rory Stee se Bary Fre teary tees mary tees te gory tees se mary tees + wary tees s Bory "peinon “peluog "* DBIMOD "+ ° *£Bq ea 2 -UULT oe vee CULT eoese “uUly. e@ees “UUlT eees “uu e@eeese wpeea eeeseeees oeeeeeee - op - op - op = 20p “+ op * snsoqqis "snjooseyd op oie "oo' + SHUTISSINUG} - 2 © @ @ -**snnqey OP OY aie) ental a! eee TOBIOG HY -TAO NT oe esr ewer “°° *STTBULSIVUL “e@uwveeeve ° SNUVBIIOYST see ees ec eee , eee + op **sngeyjnd op Op "+ sisuorddississt py soe “ee @@ ee ++" ‘op "> sngnseu on = op - op - op - op *mn.10401d Soo o> OPP PPh > >be pbpbbhs bipbpbbb —S Chk CLA 994 992 992 994 994 13 [Sen. Doc. 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Wages st op ‘V rte! poe j vuerpuy | + “qgayoig |rvtts wary rote op “yo fetter! ggg THIRTY-FIFTH ANNUAL REPORT OF THE 102 * (paropoo yep) ogg ‘Ayunoo uog{LWe Ay “AQunoo Tow yAeF] ‘AOL, ‘OryO "yIOX MON ‘AOL, ‘Aueqyy ‘Aueq ry “OluO "HO MON *f4unod 1dW1y.10 fF] * XOSSy] "IO MON "CON “Uy URL ‘PUBS, 127840 "yIOX MON ‘Aueqry NOI) "KN ‘Agunoo ouke M ‘vadkuyeg “YIOK MON ue “Oulv I, ‘oxo ‘ApI[BIOT GR Fe ee Fe a OO Se Ree Oe ee er, ee ‘duiexe JO “ON eee. ** STMO'T + STMOT] PEED LY eee texeT | ERP IN Se Py STS UE ** SIMO'T G *** SLAMOFT YOLIPLV d : YOUDLY “pleqquy e@ eee @ oe d Gortply HOM Ply: ** SIMO] (OLtply ‘901n0g “keg ° es “Ke : ae “keg “keg “keg “keg ‘Keg keg “1194 0CY “709 0Y on ollie “keg eee OO “keg “keg “hvg “keg keg "£BG "keg “keg “Keg ‘IOyNY op W fe op W " SLIQvloq,e Wopose yy ges 2) ee ny oP ny Bee pLly ah "* BpoopUl ail “++ op T --essoidde ae -* eqvitjed sisdoporty, OY § “uopououl "9 -+ op “9 "ByNsIIY BUOIOUS}G VOLYJULIAQR] B[Iqo139 oft op “T + eatqoods.iod “ay oe op “I Brie op “a "29" BIVULO}]B aT * BLIVIL[OS BINIV snjvoUl] SNOSIPOOI[OF] ‘ds *snues-qnag “OUI NT “NOILLOATIOO HLVLS MYOA MAN AHL HO STITHHS AGNVI 7 eeeee see 078-8 O-e (ee ee e es ‘ ? 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Doc. No. 38.] aici snjnovxo (siqiouvlg) snyeuoyfy THIRTY-FIFTH ANNUAL REPORT OF THE 114 woe Teas ery, se.85 (ol veise ° GOT sees Soe caver ee ereces * Bary eee. 2 SBOE 'f2. 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OD G2 OD CO SH OO SH 1D CD SH HH IDRNDRNORHTORNAH ‘raquinu | ‘duiexe ‘oqo ‘ApVOO'T jeueg | jo ‘on “LoyINY ‘(panuyuop)— SIMAT SHUNVE Ud AT WOHSOW ALVIS FHL OL op ‘» bees deteeee tee gremropesanyo 7. . eevee ehinianetel ites “erazorrd SISUQOIUOK) e oeee wisiner eines ame "BSOqqis uojoodng O50 0.0 av evista 0).6)<01-6 sued siseqoyderyg Sagtestate Sa en ae op “Vy poe Seis S "89+ + VIVBIULIG BULIIPIGUY tes, ae op T see "*I@A THNOTUOD i: ae "> winjiuind Ts Gig Kss "** UINsepour ae sage ** TIYOOIQV ISH iL srsine epeene ness TAISRIUC) =e Seren eset eeree Tigi T eae ---ungeurserd, L meA-00 se + TAUOUJUW “Ti tees eeeeeees ee tUMAMMOUI T oe eee cree rea useqhg Be tenet eee eee eres QUITE L eae ++ +5 1149000, ‘T Pi eee oer Ss tanTy T, ‘fyi oo): UENGeMOeUeO aie eeoeesceeevoeseeee eevee op a) “"** wngsnqor euroysourdAry, “OUB N CULINASHYd STTHHS HO LSIT 115 STATE MusEuUM oF NATURAL HISTORY. “IUD “nqnINUN) 27.1098 ¥ || "Bplloly ‘Aoy JUOULST “eplioy,q ‘Aoy Quowsg “eplioy, ‘Aoy UOUST “BIULOFI[VO SOYBVY] IBI]O See -uuey, ‘AjUnOD UosiOpuYy “AN YOur[O ‘gassouulay, “IAAIY oassouUay, o[49I] - “gossouUay, “IOAIY OOT[[OT, ‘unas, ‘Aqunoy solu0y “ya01Q VdnEseUODH "UUdT, “IOATYY SOssoUUOT, O[99I'T : “IOAN ONO "UUay, “IAT WOS[oH ‘sjvoyg vyoyO ‘uuay, ‘Ajunog xouy ‘yo019 Aoyany, " LINOSSTIAL oT root ‘uneg, ‘Aqunoy osoruoyy ‘Surtdg s.,purlpe[QoWw “BUILQe[V “IOATY BSOOH “BUIVQeRTY ‘IaATY BSOOD “eUVqRlY ‘LoATy BSOOH ‘uuay, ‘Ayunog so1u0p ‘suiidg 8 Aj10ysno0g "SIMO “WU0hL7, DsOINIUPS§ ‘PIPL ‘wuownub sesnqowuoy t 7eee8eee eeesee 468 cSOL eooeovevnree [ge [bY oT SI 9FT SGT 961 L6G 066 1Gé vor Mtb aHARAeORnAOdHn nn AAS HOO ial vee UTEryT "* (1u09) eos > keg ress + Bory tees + wary * BOTT tees + gory Fees epary tees gory econ > Keg Boe kee AWwOsoO * keg ees tess gory * AuoyUYy Sarma ie OR Hees + gary tees e gory @eoee * BOT “earT ‘uunjound nwuossoundh, 4 ‘4SI[ OAOg’ OY Ul So[duexe AjUeM, pue perpuny say pure ‘soroads uasos-Aqy SI “KV “00U09 “JOT x “VSOWVL V[NIVOI[ “rss eqprnuny expfop| sor eeess SITIQVIIVA XBUOd SISUO]VUIL[Ye M "c+ -eqvinsUB ByUOpouy ° Pe ee ES STI SSOMCLOLG “Vv a "*** SISUOUOFSTO FT sal): **** STISUSOOT[[A, “1 sees "oss riseqig olu yp) ¢ VUBIJSOOLT, aie ee < "Iva esolw@id vsonouy “**> xoduais “ SISUOISOJOg ** eyjeyornd ** > @1001100 Fetes epncar * sIsuaBsoog * epunorqnt ** (8A CUBIISOOLT, ‘ol olalaslalasiastes 116 THIRTY-FIFTH ANNUAL REPORT OF THE The following species were also presented by Dr. Lewis during the same year ; ; Glandina truncata, Say........+e..s. Marshesnr. Matansas Riv., Fla. Macrocyclis concava, Say .........-. Hamilton Co., Ohio. Helix (Patula) solitaria, Say........ Hamilton Co., Ohio. 5 Wii (cuir i alternata, SLY vam. see .. Monroe Co., Tenn. H. (P. )perspectiva, Say...... Monroe Co., Tenn. Et. Polygyra) plicata, Say........ Monroe Co., Tenn. Be Re ) semtemvolva, Say... Moat & Fort, St. August., Fla. lel Stenotrema) barbigera, Redfield Clay Co., N. ‘Car. BL (e ) monodon, fackett. Clay Co., N. Car. eS BY te ) monodon, Rackett. Herkimer Co.d Ne H. (radon) palliata, Say ...... Hamilton Co., Ohio. Ei. ) appressa, Say. ...:'. Hamilton Co., Ohio. H. T. ) tridentata, Say.... Hamilton Co., Ohio. is Dees Oe Se lala Sage ee. se Hamilton Co., Ohio. H. (Mesodon) albolabris, Say. .... Hamilton Co., Ohio. 15 i M. ) Pennsylvanica, Green Hamilton Co., Ohio. yes aga eB ) Mitchelliana, Zea... Hamilton Oo., ’ Ohio. ELS) xf ‘ Mitchelliana, Zea... Herkimer Co., Na ¥: lala Cuil eleyata, (S27. “cece Hamilton Co., Ohio. fo (Ve elevata (banded).... Monroe Co., Tenn. Bee yy (Te Cara 0a nc viernes Clay Co., N. Car. iE itm GL ) exoleta, Binney..... Hamilton Co., Ohio. Fiyy) CME. ) Wheatleyi, Bland... Clay Co., N. Car. Joleen gl ie ) thyroides, Say...... Hamilton Co., Ohio. He (MM. ) clausa; Sey... . ot: Hamilton Co., Ohio. So (ME profunda, Say\...... Hamilton Co., Ohio. H. (M. ) diodonta, Say =Sayi, Herkimer Oo., N. Y. Binney eye epee (O. ) acerra, Lewis... Monroe Co., Tenn. (Ventridens) gularis, Say.... Monroe Co., Tenn. (Ve ) lasmodon, Phil . Monroe Co., Tenn. slimngea stagnalis, Linn 202.2220 0. 3. Swamp near Detroit, Mich. Vivipara contectoides, W. G. Binney. Hrie Can., Mohawk, N.Y. (col.) Melantho integer, DeKay (gibbous vr.) Hrie Canal, Herkimer, NF ae Zonites (Omphalina) fuliginosa, Greff. Hamilton Co., Ohio. Die Ox ) levigata, Pferg. Monroe Oo., Tenn. Z. (O. ) inornata, Say... Herkimer Co. spe kee Zi. (O. ) capsella, Gould . Monroe Co., ‘Tenn. Bie (O. ) ligera, Say of Lea Herkimer Co., Ne. 'Y- Z. (Oe ) Wardiana, Zea.. Hamilton Co., Ohio. Ee. Bi. ihe M integer, De Kay (amplified vr.) Hrie Canal, Herk. Co., N. Y. M-. rufus, HG 26 aon oon Me Hrie Canal, Herk. Co., N. Y. Anculosa ligata, AUG i Be Bes sake Holston River, Tenn. A. Witbier eek. we. Ie coe .... Holston River, Tenn. A. Troostiana, Wet sh Behe ee oe Holston River, Tenn. 7 A. subglobosa, Say var........ Aleram’s Cr’k, Blount Co.,'Ten. A. tintinnabulum, Zea........ Holston River, Tenn. A. eosbatas A nth. oo Ses. wees Ohio River. Kuryceelon crassa, Hald ..........6 Chota Shoals, Holston R.,Ten. STATE Museum oF NATURAL HISTORY. EV Goniobasis interrupta, Hald......... Conasauga Riv., Mon. Co., Ten. Pleurocera Hstabrookiil, Lea..... ... Creek in Monroe Co., Tenn. Strephobasis Clarkii, Lea........... Holston River, Tenn. vou, Led yess cas. 6's Holston River, Tenn. Tulotoma bimonilifera, Lea (young). Coosa River, Tenn. Lithasia obovata, Say. ........--.... Falls of the Ohio. ne webovata, Say. ....-..2..626. Hagle Creek, Ky. Angitrema verrucosa, Rod........... Wabash, Ind. WEREUCOGA) 200 chase ne 3's Broad River, Tenn. Io turrita, Anth ....... ee eee sees Clinch R., Anderson Co., Tenn. Merapimosa, L000 26. ccc cede ade cece Clinch R., Anderson Co.,Tenn. PPPOOVISS A 210 vc eiaccc wee cewet uae Holston River, Knox Co.,Tenn. Unio Conasaugaensis, Lea.......... Conasauga C’k, Mon. Co.,Tenn. Pen yoasil,. ea...-. AS Maat Sones Creeks of Monroe Co., Tenn. Pee Pappannianus, Led... 6.0.2.5. Erie Canal, Mohawk, N, Y. eases Oeratus, LEA... 6 ose. eee cee. Clinch River, Tenn. U. Savannahensis, Zea......... . Savannah River. ee norbesianus, Met ii o3iis.. cee Savannah River. MO SDCCKIT. P11 . src cretere halae ee es Fuh Shan, China. a eamiprodon, SAY sss. sis weiss oe Ohio. Weve uscumbiensis, Lea... ...s.6.0) Poplar Creek, Roane Co., Tenn. ieee Vcscol, bourg...-......+..... iver Tigris, Assyria. Margaritana Holstonia, Lea......... Creeks of Monroe Co., Tenn. M. undulata, Says: sci...:. Beaver Creek, Warren, N. Y. Monocondylea Mardinensis, LLCO ot 0 sare River Tigris, Assyria. fmodonta lacustris, Led... cscs. .e.s Beaver Creek, Warren, N. Y. A. lacustris, Lea var ......... Cedar Lake, Herk. Co., N. Y. A. AGEN AISTIE YY OC], Rie aren lia Hrie Canal, Herk. Co., N. Y. A. subcylindracea, Lea....... Erie Canal, Herk. Co., N. Y. APPENDIX F. Statistics relating to the New York State Museum of Natural His- tory, as compiled from the report made to the Tenth Census of the United States. January 4, 1882. *To be added im the future arrangement of the collections. COLLECTIONS. Entries. No. specimens. Archeology and ethology terol aE SFA® 1,940 Geology and paleontology................... 9,238 21,789 +4 Mineralogy (500 WSMeCles) jij, .8e er cucke 4e) ilewia se 2,000 3,500+- Translucent sections of rocks and fossils...... 1,000 3,000 _Arranged collections in geology and palzon- — : tology not on exhibition, estimated ........ 8,000 *30,000 _ Duplicate collections in geology and palzon- LOL OG Vi basher iii « eyhitohinys Biopsy S ublehis: 6 2) 4 a's nia tulle een Mtl et a 270, 000 Botany) satiede si. wae eee a ee ly OE 8,821 31,000 Veebtewraten iM) OMe re a MOC NL at TPP: 1,000 4,362 JESS GOR aaeatieabet sar ak sacle der futeanar a rare eed ARB, bean Ny gt 3) Be 376 2,642 NOUS aia aici uetin rca taseeee oe bean 7,000 85 , 000 Other anyertebratess..j: sj. ode) ie sieiewee es ode ee 200 710 rambo ray tcc Ru oe ticle ia a's Qlarats s tekeeeen 389,570 453,643+ ' ESTIMATED VALUE OF THE COLLECTIONS. Botany —— CLV PtoGAMOUSy. . oo wie. cseyaus we wins ie eee ols Oe i feRehe | HOMO CAMO UB esi ieiewieysiatk ah emcee leteria ara R ele eee $20, 100 Zoology —Smiamimals. jo) e gis Hei ao. See ee $1,073 birds liigi: kee ees Lic ai a 5,675 fishes and reptiles, alcoholic.......... 550 fishes and reptiles, stuffed ........... 250 impects, Hitch colleetionii.).% ese). «kes 100 insects, J. A. L. pinned specimens.... 186 insects, J.0A. daMlarve, eles. cok eos: 85 insects, old museum collections....... 50 THOWMUSKS .. -. sprccewin Greene ce eietetebe nwa ie sake 9700 other invertebrates ..... Bc eae bh aes cls 210 ce 17,879 +Arranged by Dr. Fitch m 1850, containing fifty-four species and five sub-species of types, in two hundred and twenty-five examples. Sratistics Rentatrne to State Museum. CREOIA I ee se sis a's s eeataeid ae Paleontology Translucent sections of rocks and fossils............. hers Wmpligdbe MaAberial.. 2... ee nee tas tec e'e es Staieiepershay wayeters NTE ac.) 2) >in 9S) viel/a genera & Pay 50 alal's 46/0) aes oh 6 MTs a tolnle)s)o «o's soe se ne 5 os eeevoeeveveveveeeeeeveevneee88 ee @ Grand total........ AA ee Ne at VME a tee Ue sparen an $144,479 7 ey fs 7 NOTICE OF THE MACHINERY AND METHODS of CUTTING SPECIMENS OF ROCKS AND FOSSILS AT THE NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY. By JAMES W. HALL. The cutting of sections of rock and fossils has become so important — an adjunct to geological study, that any device or invention by which such work is facilitated is worthy of attention. The work of cutting fossils was begun in the New York State Museum with very inadequate means. A foot-lathe, turning a vertical disc of tin, with the speci- men held in one or both hands as the case required, was a step in advance of the first method adopted. But the labor of running a lathe by human power became a serious obstacle when large speci- mens were to be cut, and after some delay an experiment was made with a small steam engine, which was afterward replaced by another — one better adapted for the work, and run by the steam from a small upright boiler, which occupies no more space in the room than an — _ ordinary cylinder stove. Following this adaptation for working, came the efforts at improve- E ment in the method of holding the specimens and presenting them to the cutting disc. After numerous trials and the application of several devices, the experiment resulted in the selection of the apparatus represented on Plate 2. This consists of a horizontally revolving tin disc in the centre, and vertical standard at the back of the table, to which is affixed a strong — arm or lever. This lever is capable of being revolved by loosening screws at its connection with the socket which slides on the vertical standard. ‘To this arm or lever are adapted strong vise jaws, which slide backward and forward upon the arm, and are capable of being fixed in any required position by a set-screw. ‘The specimen to be cut | is placed between these jaws, the screws firmly tightened, and of a JSen. Doc. No. 38.] 16 graduated thumb- screw the line on which the specimen is to be cutis —_ brought opposite to the edge of the disc. The outer end of the lever _ is then taken in the left hand of the operator and brought forward + toward the disc and the cutting begun, the force of the hand modify- ing the degree of pressure and rate of cutting. When a specimen — is placed in the vise jaws, and several slices or sections are desired, — the arm can be lowered or raised by the graduated screw, shown at _ FF., on the side of the vertical standard. In this way any required : number of slices can be cut from the same specimen, or’ the whole specimen cut into sections as may be required. This is shown in the | figure of the specimen attached to the lever. When a series of slices have been cut to the depth required, the arm may be turned a quarter © revolution, by loosening” a screw at the junction of the lever and sliding socket, and the slices all cut through, leaving the residue of the specimen still remaining in the vise. This process is perfectly adapted to all strong and solid specimens; but specimens required for cutting are not always in that condition, and to provide for such as are not firm enough to endure the pressure, a small disc, with ball and socket joint, has been devised, and the speci- ~ men is cemented to this disc. The socket is closed by a hinge and presents a square block of metal which is placed in the disc jaws; the disc is adapted to the position required and firmly clasped, and thus held while the specimen is being cut. For the cutting of large specimens, when the diameter is greater a faah the semi-diameter of the disc, another adaptation has been devised by which the object is perfectly accomplished. The machinery used in this work for the Musenm has gradually come into its present condition only after patient trial and experi- ment; new parts being invented as the necessity for them became apparent. The calcareous fossils are cut by a Doreen dise of tin, which moves at the rate of five hundred revolutions per minute; and is fed with emery and water. The disc which is used to cut silicious rocks, such as flint, hornstone, etc., is made of soft copper ‘‘ seasoned” with diamond dust, and runs in a trough of oil at about one hundred revo- lutions per minute. The varions attachments for holding the speci- mens firmly in any required position are all from original designs, The following illustrations will explain the descriptions given above: ; Plate 2, fig. 1.—A A. Perpendicular cylindrical steel rod supported between two centers, K K, allowing arotary motion without departing from the perpendicular position. BB. Horizontal square steel rod or arm, with one end turned - - eylindrical,* fitting in socket, which slides upon rod A A, which e» ~ 1 - pives aba B B also a rotary motion, by which means the specimen, after. cutting. Ses FF. Long screw rastiie on shoulder at upper cut of A A, by ihe : se use of which the long arm B B may be adjusted in any position upon ting the rod A A. 5 Meet DD. Vise j jaws sliding upon arm B B, and holding specimen to be te cit. CC. Rod passing through jaws DD. Thread and nut for fine adjustment; rachet and catch at the long end co for quicker man- - ipulation or coarse adjustment. EP. Rachet and pinion attachable to jaw at Q and arm at R, by which specimens too large to be cut by one sweep against cutting wheel may be passed horizontally along the square arm B B, and so produce a continuous cut upon one plane to any required length. O00. Iron frame holding the apparatus. G. Cutting disc of iron, steel, tin or copper, of any dosieaiile : thickness ; the diameter I generally use is from six to twelve inches. H. Mandril supporting cutting disc, about twelve inches above the table, resting in bearing run by a cone pulley, corresponding to one upon main shaft, by which the rapidity of the revolutions of the cut- ting wheel may be raised as required. A specimen from which sections have been taken, showing the oa saw-marks upon its surface, is represented between jaws D D. ) Plate 1, fig. 1.—Holder with ball and socket joint, so arranged as to ~ _ fit into_the jaws on the horizontal arm of the crane, plate 2, and by ro means of which small specimens cemented upon {face-plate C may be adjusted to any required angle for cutting. Being clamped in’ the jaws D D, may be set at any required angle for — Se A A. Jaws with concave surfaces, in which the aphencal end of holder B fits accurately. B. Holder upon which a circular face-plate C may be attached at screw D. 3 CCC. Circular plates upon the faces of which small specimens of rocks or fossils may be cemented, and afterward ad} usted toany required angle for cutting. ‘: S. A specimen cemented upon face-plate C ready to be placea upon x holder B for cutting. 3 Plate 1, fig. 2— Horizontal turn-table upon which a specimen to be cut is clamped. : ae A. Square cast-iron base or socket, which is held i in jaws of hori- — ee zontal arm’B B, plate 2. Page B. Circular table revolving horizontally upon base A, and manipu- lated by gearing at C.’ 124 THIRTY-FIFTH REPORT ON THE STATE MUSEUM. The advantage gained by this attachment is, that by constantly. pre- senting to the cutting wheel new surfaces of the specimen upon the same plane, the capacity is doubled, viz.: by this means a wheel cut- ting in a direct line to the depth of only six inches may be made to cut through a fossil or rock specimen of twelve inches in diameter by the revolution of the turn-table. | REPORT OF THE BOTANIST. Hon. Davip Murray, LL. D., Secretary of the Board of Regents of the University : Srr — Since the date of my last report, specimens of two hundred and forty-eight species of plants have been mounted and placed in the State Herbarium, of which ninety-four species were previously unrep- resented therein. The others represent species by improved. specimens, or are forms or varieties not before represented. A list of the names _ is marked (1). During the past season specimens have been collected in the counties of Albany, Greene, Putnam and Rensselaer. These represent one - hundred and fifteen species, of which sixty-seven are new to the State —— — ~ and to the Herbarium, and forty are believed to be unpublished. A list of the names of the collected specimens is marked (2). . Among the contributed specimens, only one collected in the State proves to be new to our flora. A list of the names of contributors and their contributions is marked (8). A record of the species now added to our flora and of the descrip- tions of such as are yet unpublished is marked (4). A part of the report containing remarks and observations upon various species and a list of the New York Carices at present known is marked (5). In pursuance of the plan introduced in the Thirty-third Report, in ref- erence to the subgenus Amanita, and for the reasons therein stated, descriptions of all the hitherto known New York species of Agarics belonging to the subgenus Lepiota have been drawn up, and, in many instances, made more complete by the addition of the dimensions and character of the spores. Full remarks concerning the peculiarities, variations and distinctive features of each species are added to its description, and important characters are italicized. A synoptical table is introduced, which is intended to aid in tracing any given species to its name. This monograph of our Lepiotze is marked (6). A table case has been filled with specimens of earth-stars (Geaster), puff-balls (Lycoperdon and Bovista) and sap-balls (Polyporus) placed 126 THIRTY-FIFTH REPORT ON THE STATE MuUSEUM. in paper trays. All of our fleshy and tough or corky species of fungi — ought to be exhibited in this manner. Many are too bulky to be mounted entire in the usual manner, and many are in better condition for study and recognition if preserved in their natural shape than if pressed and mounted on herbarium sheets and stacked away in cabi- nets. (4.) PLANTS MOUNTED. Species not new to the Herbarium. Clematis verticillaris, DC. Thalictrum anemonoides, Wz. Ranunculus Pennsylvanicus, L. -Nymphea odorata, At. Nuphar advena, Ait. N. Kalmiana, Att. Cardamine hirsuta, zs Sisymbrium officinale, Scop. Raphanus sativus, L. Lepidium ruderale, L. Malva rotundifolia, ID, Vitis estivalis, Me. Acer Pennsylvanicum, L. Robinia viscosa, Vent. Rubus odoratus, L. Ri villosus, Ait. Rosa Carolina, L. R. lucida, Hhrh. Ribes hirtellum, M/z. R. prostratum, LT? Her. Epilobium angustifolium, L. coloratum, Muni. Aralia hispida, Wz. Sambucus pubens, Mx. Viburnum nudum, L. Galium verum, L. Aster corymbosus, Ait. A. cordifolius, Z. A. woultiflorus, Azt. A. Tradescanti, Z. A. longifolius, Lam. A. puniceus, L. Solidago latifolia, L. stricta, Ait. S. serotina, Att. Bidens connata, Muhl. B. cernua, i Artemisia Canadensis, Me. Lactuca Canadensis, L. Campanula rotundifolia, LZ. Plantago major, L. Verbascum Blattaria, Z. Mimulus ringens, L. Mentha Canadensis, L. M. piperita, L. Lycopus Virginicus, L. Origanum vulgare, L. Scutellaria lateriflora, L. Kcehium vulgare, L. Chenopodium album, ZL. Polygonum amphibium, JZ. Euphorbia maculata, Z. H. hypericifolia, L. Urtica gracilis, Ait. Humulus Lupulus, LZ. Jugilans nigra, L. Taxus Canadensis, Willd. Sparganium simplex, Huds. Potamogeton Oakesianus, Robbins. Pp. Claytonii, Tuckm. P. amplifolius, Zuckm. P. gramineus, L, P; lucens, L. PE. pusillus, es Sagittaria variabilis, Hngel. Trillium erectum, Bs Lilium Philadelphicum, i. Juncus tenuis, Willd. J. marginatus, Rost. Carex lagopodioides, Schk. cristata, Schw. mirabilis, Dew. scoparia, Schk. straminea, Schk. tenera, Dew. stipata, Muhl. sparganioides, Muhl. sterilis, Willd, gynandra, Schw. gracillima, Schw. formosa, Dew. conoidea, Schk. virescens, Muhl. triceps, Ma. laxiflora, Lam. arctata, Boott. ololololololelololololololoro) REPORT OF THE STATE BOTANIST. Carex debilis, Max. CG. flava, L. C. tentaculata, Muhl. C. oligosperma, Ma. Leersia Virginica, Wald. i. oryzoides, Sw. Agrostis scabra, Willd. A. perennans, Tuckm. n.. vulgaris, With. AL, alba, L. Muhlenbergia sylvatica, 7. and G. M. Mexicana, TJ’rin. Spartina cynosuroides, Willd. Dactylis glomerata, L. Phleum pratense, L. Festuca elatior, L. ie nutans, Willd. Poa alsodes, Gr. P. serotina, Hhrh. Py ptatensis, ‘7. Glyceria acutiflora, Torr. Gc. fluitans, R. Br. G. Canadensis, Trin. G. pallida, Zrin. G. nervata, Trin. Eatonia obtusata, Gr. Pennsylvanica, Gr. Panicum agrostoides, Spreng. Py depauperatum, Muh. PS . dichotomum, Z. rE: Crus-galli, Le Phalaris arundinacea, L. Anthoxanthum odoratum, y Die Elymus Virginicus, L. Elymus Canadensis, Z. ‘Triticum violaceum, Hornem. mip repens, L. Setaria viridis, Beauv. Phegopteris polypodioides, ee. iP: hexagonoptera, Fee. Aspidium Noveboracense, Sw. A. aculeatum, Sw. Pteris aquilina, L. Hquisetum sylvaticum, Z. E limosum, Z. Bartramia Marchica, PBrid. Coprinus micaceus, 7’. Stereum rugosum, (7. S. sanguinolentum, 7. Polyporus pubescens, /’r. pergamenus, £7. 1g ferruginosus, 77: Hydnum alutaceum, Pers. Tremella sarcoides, "Sm. Ptychogaster albus, Ca. Septoria Rhoidis, B. and C. 8. Rubi, B. and C. Haplographium apiculatum, Ph. Ramularia obovata, chi. Trichoderma viride, Pers. Spheerotheca Castagnei, Lev. Erysiphe lamprocarpa, Lev. Stictis versicolor, #7. Xylaria digitata, Grev. Hypoxylon multiforme, #7. Hutypa spinosa, Tw. Spheria Coryli, Batseh. 5. callista, B. and R. Species new to the Herbarium. Triosteum angustifolum, JL. Carum Carui, L. Coreopsis discoidea, 7. and G. Lamium maculatum, J. Potamogeton rufescens, Schrad. Eleocharis quadrangulata, Br. Carex adusta, Boott. C. glaucodea, T’uckm. C. Sullivantii, Booit. Polypogon Monspeliensis, Desf. Zea Mays, L. Nitella opaca, Ag. N. intermedia, Wordst. Agaricus spectabilis, Das 7. ornellus, Pk. Hygrophorus limacinus, £7. Polyporus hypococcinus, Berk. lig undosus, Pk. FP. semipileatus, Ph. Irpex viticola, C. and P. Grandinia crustosa, Fr, Pterula densissima, B. and C. Tremella epigeea, B. and Br. a: subochracea, Pé. Hymenula vulgaris, Fr. Geaster mammosus, Chev. Arcyria macrospora, Pk. Cribraria dictydioides, C. and B. Hendersonia Cydonie, C. and £#. Phyllosticta Grossularie, Sace. Neszeee, Ph. Septoria Galeopsidis, West. Hydrocotyles, Desm. Viole, West. Cucurbitacearum, Sace. corylina, P&. betulicola, Pk. microsperma, Pk. Pilese, Thum. Septogleum Apocyni, Pk. Vermicularia circinans, Berk. Morthiera Thumenii, Che, Pestalozzia Stevensonii, Ph. Puccinia Thalictri, Chev. TATA TD TATA TA TO 127 128 Puccinia Cirsii, Lasch. simplex, Pk. Protomyces polysporus, Pk. AXcidium pedatatum, Schoo. Helicomyces mirabilis, Pk. Septocylindrium Ranunculi, Ph. Ramularia Spire, Pk. R. rufomaculans, Pk. R. sambucina, Ph. R. Impatientis, Pk. Rie Rudbeckii, PA. Cercosporella reticulata, Pk. Cerccspora depazeoides, Sace. beticola, Sacc. Viole, Sacc. Beehmeriz, Pk. Acalyphe, Pk. graphioides, /7/. clavata, Ger. Verticillium candidum, Pk, Diplocladium minus, Bon. Fusisporium tenuissimum, Jeo (2G6800 Aspergillus pheocephalus, D, and M. A. clavellus, Pk Monilia Harknessii, Pie. THIRTY-FIFTH REPORT ON THE STATE MUSEUM. Hllisiella caudata, Sacc. Sporocybe nigriceps, Pk. Periconia spherophila, Pé. Graphium gracile, Ph. Macrosporium concinnum, Berk. Helminthosporium Tilie, F’r.- septemseptatum, Ph. H. inconspicuum, C.and £, H. arbusculoides, P&. Zygodesmus bicolor, C. and E. Rhinotrichum subalutaceum, Pk. Zasmidium cellare, Pers. Peziza hydrophila, Pk. Je atrata, Fr. Be fusarioides, Berk. iP. aurelia, Pers. E. palsamicola, Pk. Meliola balsamicola, Pk. Hypoxylon marginatum, Schw. Diatrype punctulata, B. and BR. Diatrypella angulata, Fr. Valsa myinda, C. and £. Dothidea melanoplaca, Desm. Lophiostoma angustilabrum, B. and Br. Spheerella Leersiz, Pass. PLANTS COLLECTED. Not new to the Herbarium. Ranunculus abortivus, L. Brassica arvensis, L. Viola Selkirkii, Push. Acer Pennsylvanicum, LZ. Trifolium repens, L. Rubus triflorus, Richardson. Tiarella cordifolia, ZL. Heracleum lanatum, 7x. Tanacetum vulgare, L. Vaccinium corymbosum, L. V. Pennsylvanicum, Zam. Scutellaria galericulata, L. Marrubium. ‘vulgare, Ibe Polygonum orientale, L. Fraxinus pubescens, Lam. F sambucifola, Lam. Quercus alba, L. Q. coccinea, Wang. Q. tinctoria, Bart. @, rubra, L. Carya amara, WVutt. Potamogeton gramineus, L. Pe pusillus, Z. P; pectinatus, Z. Polygonatum giganteum, Diet. Uvularia sessilifolia, Z. Carex vulpinoidea, Mz. cephalophora, Mul. Muhlenberg, Schk. lagopodioides, Schk. cristata, Schw. mirabilis, Dew. adusta, Boott. stricta, Lam. granularis, Muhl. gracillima, Schw. virescens, Muhl. plantaginea, Lam. laxiflora, Lam. Emmonsii, Dew. Pennsylvanica, Lam. Zizania aquatica, L. Stipa avenacea, L. Bromus racemosus, LZ. Poa trivialis, Z. Aira flexuosa, Z. Osmunda cinnamomea, L. Aspidium Boottii, Zuckm. folelolololololololololololo REPORT OF THE STATE BOTANIST. New to the Herbarium. Agaricus alluviinus, Pk. rubrotinctus, Ph. albus, Scheff. stellatus, 77. pascuus, Pers. sinuatus, /’7. fastibilis, 7’. alnicola, Fr. sulcatipes, Pk. heerens, Ph. tiliophilus, Pé. nitidipes, Pk. epimyces, Pk. E arontaies fuligineus, Fest. i. flavodiscus, Frost. Russula heterophylla, Fr, Marasmius salignus, Ph. Polyporus immitis, Pk. re fraxinophilus, Pk. Irpex crassus, B. and C. ) T. mollis, B. and C. PEP PPP Ebb bbb Corticium effuscatum, (C. and E. Thelephora rosella, Ph. Clavaria pinophila, Ph. Cyphella leta, Fr. Phoma cucurbitale, B. and C. Spheropsis Carye, C. and £. Discella hysteriella, Pk. 1). albomaculans, Pk. Gloeosporium fraxinea, Pk. Septoria cannabina, Pk. S. Sicyi, Pk. S. Calystegize, Sace. Ss. Cirsii, /Viess?. Septoria musiva, Pk, Phyllosticta Crategi, Pk. li variabilis, Pk. Protomyces macrosporus, Ung. Ustilago pallida, Schreet. Acalyptospora Populi, Pz. Macrosporium transversum, Ph, Alternaria tenuis, /Vees. Ellisiella caudata, Sacc. Botrytis ceratioides, Ph. Dactylium dendroides, /7. Verticillium Lactarii, Pk. Cercospora Tilie, Pk. C. Lepidii, Pk. C. Dature, Ph. C, longispora, Pk. C. varia, Ph. Ramularia Ranunculi, Pk. : Vaccinii, Ph. 18 Hamamelidis, Pk, R. aquatilis, Pk. Asterophora Pezize, Cd. Peziza letirubra, Che. 1 Fee sineularia, Pk. Tympanis Nemopanthis, Pk. Cenangium betulinum, P&, Triblidium claveesporum, Ph. Ascomyces deformans, Berk, Gymnascella aurantiaca, Pk, Valsa tomentella, Pk. Spheria petiolophila, P&. Spherella fraxinea, Pk. Venturia curviseta, Pk. (Be) CONTRIBUTORS AND THEIR CONTRIBUTIONS. Mrs. S. M. Rust, Syracuse, N. Y. Potamogton crispus, L. Geranium maculatum, L. Smilax hispida, MuAl. Mary FE. Banning, Baltimore, Ma. Pachyma Cocos, F’. Lizzie G. Barnett, Cannonsburg, Pa. Secotium Warnei, P&. Secotium Warnei, Pk. Eloise Butler, Minneapolis, Minn. W. R. Gerard, New York, N. Y. ‘Ecidium Rusbyi, Ger. Polyporus arcularius, 7’. J. B. Ellis, Newfield, N. J. Corticium effuscatum, C. and LE. Rostafinskia australis, Speg. Lycoperdon constellatum, /’r. [Sen. Doc. No. 38. | Puccinia Mikanie, Speg. Graphium verticillatum, Speg. lors 129 130 THIRTY-FIFTH REPORT ON THE STATE MUSEUM. C. J. Sprague, Boston, Mass. Lecidea vescicularis Hoff. Biatora globifera, Ach. S. H. Wright, M. D., Penn Yan, N. Y. AXcidium Asperifolii, Pers. Erysiphe Montagnei, Lev. ZA. Falcarii, D. C. Polythrincium Trifolii, Cd. Puccinia coronata, Cd. Peronospora Schachtii, Ackil. EH. C. Howe, M. D., Yonkers, N. Y. Eragrostis pilosa, Beauv. ' Carex Muhlenbergii v. enervis, Boott. E. Purshii, Schrad. . M. F. Merchant, M. D., Moravia, N. Y. Mitchella repens, Z. H, W. Barnum, Valley Falls, N. Y. Trillium grandiflorum, Salis. Prof. C. H. Bessey, Ames, Iowa. Secotium Warnei, Ph. | C. W. Irish, Iowa City, Iowa. Polyporus fraxinophilus, Pd. Trametes Peckii, Kalchb. . I. Cowles, Flushing, N. Y. Opuntia Rafinesquii, Hngelm. J. L. Bennett, Providence, R. I. Carex cristata Schw. Carex conjuncta, Boott. - aurea, Nutt. Cc: alopecoidea, Tuckm. miliaris, Ma. rosea, Schk. microdonta, Torr. stipata, Muhl. panicea, L. - sparganioides, Muhl. vividula, Mz. cephaloidea, Boott. festiva, Dew. cephalophora, Muhl. sycnocephala, Carey. bicostata, Olney. athrostachya, Olney. vulpinoidea, Mz. scoparia, Schk. Kunzei, Olney. lagopodioides, Schk. Gayana, Desu. festucacea, Schk. teretiuscula, straminea, Schk. prairea, Dew. Haleana, Olney. siccata, Dew. alata, Torr. disticha, Huds. Bonplandii, Kunth. bromoides, Schk. torta, Boott. ‘ stenophylla, Wahl. crinita, Lam. Douglassii, Boott. pallescens, ZL. chordorhiza, Hhrh. flaccosperma, Dew. tenella, Schk. grisea, Wahl. canescens, L. virescens, Muhl. vitilis, 7%. gynocrates , Wormsk. tenuiflora, Wahl. capitata, L. trisperma, Dew. nigricans, Mey. Deweyana, Schw. - pauciflora, Light/. albolutescens, Scho. filifolia, Nutt. maritima, Mull. polytrichoides, Muhl. aquatilis, Wahl. Muhlenbergii, Schk. lenticularis, Ma, - Holololololololelololoyelololololololololovolololololo Mololololololololololelolololololololelolololelolole) REPORT OF THE STATE BOTANIST. 131 Carex aperta, Boott. Carex miliacea, MwAl. rigida, Good. arctata, M2. limosa, L. debilis, Ma. — Buxbaumii, WaAl. filiformis, Z. Steudellii, Kunth. striata, Ma. trichocarpa, Muhl. Pseudo-Cyperus, Z. hystricina, Wdlld. intumescens, Rudge. Grayli, Carey. lupulina, Mwhl. subulata, Mz. squarrosa, L. retrorsa, Schw. Schweinitzii, Dew. utriculata, Boott. monile, Zuckm. pulla, MZ. Whitneyi, Olney. Tuckermani, Boott. Olneyi, Boott. Raynoldii, Dew. podocarpa, A. Br. feetida, All. Rossii, Boott. Halleriana, Asso. . Cherokeensis, Scha. debilis, Mz. oxylepis, Zorr. Boottiana, Benth. atrata, . nigra, Allz. Willdenovii, Schk. Backii, Boott. Geyeri, Boott. longirostris, Zorr amplifolia, Boott. Fraseriana, Sims. retroflexa, MuAl. stellulata, Good. Davisii, S. & T. gracillima, Schw. triceps, Uz. plantaginea, Lam. Careyana, Torr. platyphylla, Carey. retrocurva, Dew. laxiflora, Zam. eburnea, Boott. umbellata, Schk. Emmonsii, Dew. nigromarginata, Schw. Pennsylvanica, Lam. varia, Muhl Richardsonii, R. Br. pubescens, Muhl. Hol olololololololololololololololololololololololololololo Mololololololololololololololololeololololololololololole) (4) SPECIES NOT BEFORE REPORTED. ERAGROSTIS PuRSHII, Schrad. Waste places about Yonkers. . C. Howe. AGARICUS METULZSPORUS, B. and Br. Woods. Adirondack mountains. August and September, AGARICUS ALLUVIINUS, Pk. Adluvial soil, among weeds. Albany. July. AGARICUS RUBROTINCTUS, Pk. Thin woods and open places. July—September.. For the description of this and the two species next preceding, see the synopsis of the subgenus Lepiota in the clesing pages of this report. AGARICUS ALBUS, Scheff. Woods. Hast Berne, Albany county. August. AGARICUS STELLATUS, /’r. Decaying prostrate trunks of trees in woods. Hast Berne. August. 132 THIRTY-FIFTH REPORT ON THE STATE MUSEUM. AGARICUS PASCUUS, Pers. . Woods. Hast Berne. August. Sometimes the freshly broken plant has a slight odor of meal. AGARICUS SINUATUS, 7. Woods. Hast Berne. August. AGARICUS FASTIBILIS, /’r. Thin woods. Albany. October. The plant here noticed is a white variety, approaching var. alda, but with a short stem. The spores are almost ochraceous. The drops of moisture on the lamelle at length dry up and leave brownish stains or granules resembling those on the stem and tubes of Boletus granulatus. AGARICUS ALNICOLA, Fr. In low swampy woods about the base of alders. Sandlake. October. AGARICUS (GALERA) SULCATIPES, 1. Sp.» - Pileus thin, ovate, then conical or subeampanulate, hygroph- anous, chestnut-colored and generally striatulate on the margin when moist, becoming paler when dry; lamelle ascending, sub- distant, adnate, whitish, becoming ferruginous-cinnamon, stem slender, straight or flexuous, equal, hollow, rather tenacious, striate-sulcate, silky, floccose-pruinose toward the base, white, often tinged with blue or green at the base; spores elliptical, fer- ruginous-cinnamon, -00025'—-0003’ long, -00016’ broad. Plant gregarious, 1-5—3’high, pileus 5’— 8” broad, stem 1” thick. Woods. East Berne. August. | The plants were found growing on a bed of buckwheat bran. The stem is white and almost shining; striate and silky above, and pulverulent or floccose-pruinose at the base, where it generally assumes a greenish-blue color if handled when moist. When dry the stem is distinctly furrowed. The pileus fades in drying to subochraceous or subalutaceous. The lamelle are sometimes white on the edge. AGARICUS (CREPIDOTUS) HZRENS, %. sp. Pileus convex, sessile, cuneiform or dimidiate, glabrous, hy- grophanous, viscid and striatulate on the margin when moist, white or whitish when dry; lamelle moderately close, narrow, tapering toward each end, subcinereous, then brownish; spores elliptical, pale-ferruginous, -0003’ long, -0002’ broad. Pileus 4’—12” long and broad. Decaying wood. Albany. September. REPORT OF THE STATE BOTANIST. 133 The elliptical spores and viscid pileus are distinguishing char- acters in this species. The pileus is often stained by the spores and it then has a sordid or squalid appearance. When not so stained it is very white if dry, watery-white if moist. The margin is very thin. ‘The lamelle are dingy, when young, and they become darker with age. The stem is wanting or merely rudimentary. The piieus is attached by white filaments. AGARICUS (CREPIDOTUS) TILIOPHILUS, 7. sp. Pileus rather thin, convex, minutely pulverulent or subglabrous, hygrophanous, watery-brown and striatulate on the margin when moist, dingy buff-color when dry; lamelle rather broad, subdistant, rounded behind, adnexed, colored like the pileus, be- coming ferruginous-cinnamon; stem very short, often curved, solid, eccentric, whitish, pruinose, with a white pubescence at the base ; spores ovate or subelliptical, brownish-ferruginous, -0002’— 00025’ long, -00016’—-00018’ broad. -Pileus 6’—12" broad, stem 2”—4" long, 1” thick. Dead trunks and branches of basswood, Zilia Americana. Hast Berne. August. Sometimes the plants are so closely crowded that they appear ceespitose . AGARICUS (HYPHOLOMA) NITIDIPES, 7. sp. ; Pileus fleshy, firm, convex, glabrous or obscurely fibrillose, whitish or yellowish ; lamelle close, adnexed, wh'tish or subcin- ereous, becoming rosy-brown, generally white on the edge; stem equal or slightly thickened at the base, solid, silky, shining, whitish ; spores ovate, rosy-brown, -0002’—- 00025’ long, -00016’— .-00018' broad. Plant 2’—4’ high, pileus 2’—3' broad, stem 3’’—4” thick. Damp, shaded ground. Albany. September. Externally this species resembles 4. precoz, from which its solid stem and smaller spores at once distinguish it. AGARICUS (PAN ZOLUS) EPIMYCES, 7. sp. Pileus fleshy, at first subglobose, then convex, white, silky- fibrillose, flesh soft, white or whitish ; lamelle rather broad, some- what close, rounded behind, adnexed, dingy-white, becoming brown or blackish, with a white edge; stem short, stout, tapering upwards, strongly striate and minutely mealy or pruinose, solid in the young plant, hollow in the mature plant, but with the cavity small, hairy or substrigose at the base; spores elliptical, black, -0003’—- 00035’ long, -0002’—-00025’ broad. Plant 1’—1-5’ high, pileus 8"—12" broad, stem 3’—4’ thick. Parasitic on fungi. North Greenbush. November. ect THIRTY-FIFTH REPORT ON THE STATE MUSEUM. This singular species is referred to the subgenus Paneolus be- cause of its black spores. Its thick, fleshy stem and pileus do not well accord with the character of these parts in the other species of this subgenus, and, notwithstanding the color of the spores, it may seem best to some to refer the species to the sub- genus Hypholoma. A. Loveianus, A. alumnus, A. cirrhatus, A. tuberosus, A. racemosus and which it is distinguished by its larger size, more scaly and less white pileus, larger and more persistent annulus and larger spores. The cuticle sometimes remains entire and sometimes cracks in a radiating manner toward the margin, thereby giving to the pileus a sort of fibrillose or virgate appearance. The annulus sometimes partly breaks from its attachment to the stem and becomes almost movable. AGARICUS FELINUS, Pers. Cat Agaric. Pileus thin, subcampanulate or convex, suoumbonate, adorned with numerous swbtomentose or floccose blackish-brown scales; lamelle close, free, white; stem slender, rather long, equal or slightly tapering up- ward, hollow, clothed with soft loose floccose filaments, brown, an- nulus slight, evanescent; spores elliptical, -00025’—-0003' long, -00016’—- 0002, broad. Plant 2'—3-5' high; pileus -5’—1-5’ broad; stem 1’—2" thick. Woods. Adirondack mountains. August and September. This is not a common species with us, having occurred thus far only in the woods of our mountainous regions. The scales or adorn- ments of the pileus are similar in character to those of A. Friesit, but are much darker in color. Fries unites this Agaric. with A. clypeolarius as a variety, but says that itis so frequent and so con- stant in the pine woods of Hurope that it deserves to be noticed sepa- rately. It is easily distinguished from A. rwbrotinctus by the darker color of the scales of the pileus, by the loose fioccose filaments that clothe the brown stem, by the fugacious annulus and the smaller spores. AGARICUS FUSCOSQUAMEUS, Pk. Brown-scaled Agaric. Pileus rather thin, hemispherical or convex, subumbonate, adorned with numerous swbstrigose, erect or reflexed blackish-brown scales; lamelle close, free, white ; stem short, rather stout, equal, hollow or stuffed with a cottony pith, clothed with loose soft dingy floccose fila- ments, bulbous, brown; annulus slight, evanescent; spores narrowly elliptical, -00025’——--0003’ long, -00012’—-00015”’ broad. Plant 2’—3/ high ; pileus 1-5’—2-5’ broad ; stem 3”—4" thick. Pine and hemlock woods. Croghan. September. This species is closely related to the preceding one, and might, per- haps, be considered a variety of it. It has the same color, but 1s dis- REPORT OF THE STATE BOTANIST. 157 tinguished by its more strigose erect scales, its short but stouter bulb- - ous stem, broader pileus and narrower spores. It is apparently very rare, having been detected only in the locality here given. AGARICUS ALLUVIINUS, Pk., n. sp. Alluvial Agaric. Pileus thin, convex or plane, sometimes reflexed on the margin, white, adorned with minute pale-yellow hairy or fibrillose scales; lam- elle thin, close, free white or yellowish ; stem slender, fibrillose, whitish or pallid, slightly thickened at the base, annulus slight, sub- persistent, often near the middle of the stem; spores etup Heat 00025" —-0003' long, -00016’—-- 0002!’ broad. Plant 1’—2' high; pileus -5’—1' broad ; stem 1’—1-5" fuels Alluvial soil, among weeds. Albany. July. In the fresh plant the scales are of a pale-yellow or lemon color, but in drying they and the whole pileus take a deeper rich yellow hue. The annulus is generally remote from the pileus, sometimes even be- low the middle of the stem. : AGARICUS METUL&SPORUS, B. and Br. Long-spored Agaric. Pileus thin, campanulate or convex, subumbonate, at first with a uniform pallid or brownish surface, which soon breaks up into small brownish scales, the margin more or less striate, often appendiculate with fragments of the veil ; lamelle close, free, white; stem slender, equal or slightly tapering upward, hollow, adorned with soft loose floceose scales or filaments, pallid, annulus slight, evanescent; spores long, subfusiform, -00055'—-00075' long, -00025'—--0003' broad. Plant 2'—3-5' high; pileus -5'—1-5' broad ; stem 1—2"” thick. Woods. Adirondack mountains. August and September. This species occurs with us in the same localities as A. felinus, which it very much resembles in size, shape and general characters, differing only in color, the striate margin of the pileus and the character of the spores. Both were at first taken to be forms of A. clypeolarius, and were included in the description of that species in Report 23, p. 72. Judging from the published descriptions of A. clypeolarius, 1t is probable that in Europe also it has been made to include forms which will yet be considered distinct species. In Epicrisis it is said to ‘‘ vary wonderfully in size and color,” and in the Hand-book of British Fungi the pileus is said to be ‘‘ white, yellow, pink, rufous, brown, etc.” In Icones Selectz, Fries figures what he considers the typi- 158 THIRTY-FIFTH REPORT ON THE STATE MUSEUM. cal form of the species, a form which I have not observed here, and which probably does not occur with us. It is a little remarkable that none of the published descriptions and figures of this species, so far as I have seen them, give the spore characters. Those characters are often of the utmost value in distinguishing closely related species. In regard to the spores of A. metulesporus, the descriptions do not all agree, but the discrepancies are probably due to variability in the spores and to lack of care in the examination. In Epicrisis they are said to be twice as large as in the allied species, and acutely pointed at one end. In Grevillea, Vol. I, p. 55, they are said to be nine-pin shaped or obliquely clavate. In Mycological Illustrations, by M. C. Cuoke, they are represented as fusiform and acute at both ends, In _ our plant they are nearly fusiform in shape, but varying somewhat in the character of the apices, which are sometimes acute, sometimes blunt, and sometimes acute at one end and blunt at the other. The | species has a wide range, having been found in Ceylon, England and Alabama. ANNULOSI. Annulus superior, fixed, subpersistent, universal veil adnate to the pileus, The species of this tribe are chiefly distinguished by the well-de- veloped but fixed and rather persistent annulus. They are generally larger and more fleshy than those of the preceding tribe. In some species the lamella, and in others the whole plant changes color in drying. AGARICUS CEPASTIPES, Sow. Onion-stemmed Agaric. Pileus thin, at first ovate, then campanulate or expanded, umbonate, soon adorned with numerous minute brownish scales which are often granular or mealy, plicate striate on the margin, white or yellow, the umbo darker; lamelle thin, close, free, white, becoming dingy with age or in drying; stem rather long, tapering toward the apex, generally enlarged in the middle or near the base, hollow, annulus thin, subper- sistent ; spores subelliptical, uninucleate, .0003’ —.0004’ long, .0002’ — .0003' broad. Plant often cespitose, 2’/—4' high ; pileus 1’— 2’ broad; stem 2” — 3” thick. . Rich ground and decomposing vegetable matter. Also in graperies and conservatories. Buffalo, G. W. Clinton. Albany, A. #. Chatfield. The species takes its name from the peculiar oblong swelling or en- largement in the middle or the lower part of the stem. It is similar to REPORT OF THE STATE BOTANIST. 159 the enlargement in the flowering stem of an onion. The plants some- times occur in tufts or clusters of many individuals. When very young the pileus is ovate and of a uniform color, but the surface soon breaks up into minute scales which rest upon a white or whitish ground color. In drying the lamelle generally assume a dingy or smoky hue, but the pileus does not generally change color. Two forms occur in hot-houses, the one having a white, the other a yellow pileus. The striations of the margin are rather deep and close and give a somewhat plicate appearance to that part of the pileus. The form that grows in the open air has shorter striations on the margin, and the stem is not so regularly enlarged in the middle, the enlargement being mostly near the base and sometimes wanting entirely. Possibly this form may be the A. rorulentus Panizzi, but it seems to me too near A. cepestipes to be separated. AGARICUS AMERICANUS, Pk. American Agaric. Pileus rather fleshy, at first ovate, then convex or expanded, wmdo- nate, more or less striate on the margin, the cuticle breaking up, ex- cept on the umbo, into reddish or reddish-brown appressed scales, white, flesh white; lamelle rather broad, close, free, white, narrower toward the stem and there sometimes anastomosing; stem tapering upward, enlarged at or a little above the base, hollow, white, annulus rather large, but thin and flabby, sometimes separating from its attachment to the stem, occasionally evanescent ; spores subelliptical, uninucleate, .0003’ — .0004' long, .0002’ — .0003’ broad. Plant sometimes cespitose, 3’—5’ high; pileus 1.5’ —4’ broad ; stem 2” — 5” thick. Lawns and grassy places, sometimes on decaying wood. July and August. This species has many points of resemblance to the preceding one but it islarger, with a stouter stem and a more fleshy pileus, with much broader and more distinct scales. The stem is enlarged as in that species but the enlargement is generally at or near the base. When bruised the flesh changes color and in drying the whole plant assumes a dull brownish-red or smoky-red hue, a character by which the species may be easily distinguished. The Huropean species, A. Badhami and Se ee AT ar a= OS a ak eT ae We Fane So Rae on aes Pees om i; Ee iiiinde Oi Sie UO, Taree nay neitewe Vhnes awlen, , > spt. Chen ccawhas? 7 77 evict Plates and- Hx- planations: Pl. 23, figs. 27-30. Jan., 1883. SHELL large; body ovate, oblique; height greater than the length ; margin regularly curving from the base of the anterior wing to the post-basal margin, where it is somewhat abruptly recurved. Left valve regularly convex below, gibbous in the umbonal region, some- what arcuate, the point of greatest convexity being about the mid- dle of its length. Right valve concave below, depressed-convex in the middle, convex on the umbo. Hinge-line straight, much longer than the length of the shell, and, in extreme specimens, more than once and a half greater than the length of the shell. Beaks acute, anterior to the middle of the shell, inclined forward, and arching over the hinge-line. Umbonal region gibbous, limited on the anterior side by a shallow undefined sulcus, and on the posterior side by the abrupt depression of the body, subtending an acute angle. Anterior wing large, triangular; margin concave ; extremity produced to an acuminate extension. SByssal sinus shallow and un- defined. Posterior wing large, triangular, joining the body below the middle of its height ; margin concave; extremity produced into an acute termination. Test of left valve marked with regular and even radii which are rounded above, flattened and sometimes bifurcate below; similar but more acute radii continue over the posterior wing. In the right valve the rays are more numerous, finer and sharp, and are continued upon the posterior wing with a little less force than on the body of the shell; and yery much subdued upon the anterior wing; entire surface marked by fine, even, concentric strie of growth. The specimens show an oblique lateral tooth, with obscure indications of anterior teeth or folds. Ligamental area narrow, marked with fine parallel] strie. A left valve has a length of 45 mm., height 50 mm., hinge-line, when entire, about 75 mm. A small right valve has a length of 34 mm., height 27 mm., hinge-line about 45 mm. This species is distinguished by the great and nearly equal extent of the hinge-line on both sides of the beak; by the peculiar form of the body of the shell; and ey its surface Eearaceers which are unlike any yet observed. 400 THIRTY-FIFTH REPORT ON THE STATE MUSEUM. Formation and localities. In the Chemung group at Franklin, © Delaware county; and aright valve referred to this species is from a point four miles above Chenango Forks, Chenango county, N. Y. SRY SSUPPERT.A. Hien BYSSOPTERIA RADIATA. Byssopteria radiata, Hauu. Pal. N. Y., vol. v, pt.1. Plates and Explanations: Pl. 82, figs. 21, 22; pl. 80, fig. 11. Jan., 1888. SHELL large, wide-triangular, alate posteriorly; body undefined ; length about five-sevenths of the height ; anterior margin vertically truncate the entire height of the shell ; basal and posterior margins broadly rounded. Valves sub-equal, depressed-convex on the basal — and post-basal sides, sub-angularly gibbous on the umbo and along the anterior side. Hinge-line straight, less than the length of the shell. Beaks anterior, acute, elevated, and directed forward. An- terior end sub-nasute. : Test marked by strong, sub-equal, rounded radii which are wider than the interspaces, often bifurcating below the middle of their length, and on the outer portion of the undefined wing they are fas- ciculate and finer. Entire surface marked by strive of growth which become elevated into fascicles toward the margins. | A right valve has a length of 55 mm., and height 72mm. A left valve measures 54 mm. in length, and 79 mm. in height. This species is unlike any Pectinoid or Aviculoid form described in this volume, and has somewhat the aspect of several species of Am- BONYCHIA from the lower rocks, tee probably very distinct in its generic relations. Formation and locality. Inthe Upper anny group at Mansfield, Tioga county, Pa. é‘ LAMELLIBRANCHIATA. 401 MY TIPAR CAV HALE: Sus-GeEnNus PLETHOMYTILUS, Hatt. MYTILARCA (PLETHOMYTILUS) KNAPPI. Mytiiarca (Plethomytilus) Knappi, Haut. Pal. N. Y., vol. v, pt. 1. Unpub- lished. SHELL of medium size; body ovate, obtuse, broad below; height nearly equal to the length; ventral margin rounded with a slight sinuosity at the byssal opening; dorsal margin broadly rounded. | Right valve moderately convex below, somewhat more convex in the umbonal region. Left valve similar in general characters. Hinge- line less than the height of the shell. Beak obtuse. Test thin below, thicker on the upper part and cardinal line. Surface marked by fine, regular, elevated striz of growth. Liga- mental area narrow, coarsely striated longitudinally. A right valve has a length of 48 mm., and height 44 mm. This species differs from P. ovzformis in its proportionally greater height, less attenuate beak, lesser convexity and the coarsely striated ligamental area. The relations of this species are somewhat obscure, owing to the obscure limitation of the beak and the effects of macera- tion and compression. It is however clearly distinct from any of the forms here described. | Formation and locality. In the shales of the Hamilton group on the shores of Skaneateles lake, N. Y. MYTILARCA PYRAMIDATA. Mytilarca pyramidata, Hau. Pal. N. Y., vol. v, pt 1. Plates and Explana- tions: Pl. 80, figs 1-3. Jan., 1883. SHELL of medium size; body sub-angularly ovate, pyramidal; length one-third greater than the height; ventral margin truncate and con- cave, curving abruptly into the basal margin; dorsal margin very gently curving to the beaks. Valves equal, convex, gibbous above, and sub-angular along the anterior umbonal slope. -The ventral side is rectangularly incurved. MHinge-line short. Beaks acute, extremely elevated, directed slightly forward and curving over the cardinal line. [Sen. Doc. No. 38. | 51 402 THIRTY-FIFTH REPORT ON THE STATE MUSEUM. The test has not been preserved. ‘The casts are nearly a but guanine lamellose striz on the pallial margin. A specimen of this species has a length 36 mm., height 23 mm., breadth 22 mm. This form is shorter, more gibbous, more attenuate toward the beak, and less rounded on the posterior side than J. Chemungensis. Formation and locality. In the Schoharie grit, Schoharie county, Na ¥. MYTILARCA UMBONATA. Mytilarca umbonata, Hatu. Pal. N. Y., vol. v, pt. 1. Plates and Explanations ; Pl, 82, figs. 1-7. Jan., 1883. SHELL small to medium size; body ovate, acute above; length more than one-third greater than the height; ventral margin truncate, inflated at the byssal opening; basal margin abruptly rounded. Valves equal, strongly convex in the lower part and narrowly gibbous in the umbonal region. Ventral umbonal slope obtusely angular, concave between this and the ventral margin. Dorsal side not alate. Hinge-line short. Beaks acute, elevated, nearly vertical, arching over the cardinal line. 3 Test thin, marked by fine concentric lines of growth which be- come crowded and lamellose toward the pallial margin. A specimen has a length of 33 mm., height 18 mm., breadth 19 mm. This species differs from I. Chemungensis in its shorter and more gibbous form ; the beaks more elevated and erect. Formation and localities. In the Middle herds group, Ithaca, N Y., and near Mansfield, Pa, MYTILARCA CARINATA, Nytilarca carinata, HALL. MS. 1877. ‘s sf Hauu, S. A. MILLER in Cat. Amer. Pal. Foss., p. 197. 1877. Fe i‘ Haut. Pal. N. Y., vol. v, pt. 1. Plates and Explanations : P1. 88, figs. 15-19. Jan., 18838. SHELL of small or medium size, body obliquely sub-ovate; length nearly twice the height, except in young specimens; ventral margin nearly straight or slightly concave for more than three- quarters of the length of the shell, thence rounding abruptly into the basal margin, then more gently rounded into the gently curving dorsal margin. Valves equal, depressed-conyex in the posterior part, LAMELLIBRANCHIATA. 403 becoming moderately convex in the middle and scarcely gibbous above. ‘The ventral umbonal slope is angular, and the shell between it and the margin is concave. MHinge-line short, less than the height of the shell. Beaks anterior, prominent, acute, slightly curving forward. Test thin, marked by very fine concentric striz of growth, which are crowded on the anterior side and toward the base. Ligamental area of moderate width, finely striated longitudinally. Cardinal teeth small, diverging, situated under the extremity of the beak. Lateral teeth two, small, oblique, situated just below the posterior extremity of the hinge-line. A specimen has a length of 30 mm., and height 18 mm. A more elongate form has a length of 43 mm., and height 20 mm. A small individual has a length of 23 mm. and height 15 mm. This form differs from 1. Chemungensis in its proportionally shorter form, the young shells have a sub-triangular aspect, the ventral um- bonal slope is always angular, and the body is more distinctly arcuate. Formation and localities. In the middle portion of the Chemung group, Tioga and Chemung counties, N. Y. MYTILAROA REGULARIS. Mytilarca regularis, HAtL. Pal. N. Y., vol. v, pt. 1. Unpublished. SHELL above the medium size; body narrowly ovate; length less than twice the height ; byssal area scarcely depressed; ventral margin for two-thirds the length nearly straight, thence curving into the posterior margin which is regularly rounded; dorsal margin gently curving to the extremity of the cardinal line. Left valve gently and regularly convex in the posterior half, convex above and scarcely gibbous on the umbo. Right valve unknown. Hinge-line straight, short, oblique. Beak nearly erect, acute and abruptly attenuate. Test thin, marked by fine elevated concentric striz which are crowded on the ventral and dorsal sides of the valve. Ligamental area narrow, longitudinally striated. The specimen described hasa length of 48 mm.and height 28 mm. As compared with M, Chemungensis this species has a proportionally wider form; it 1s more nearly equilateral, the umbonal elevation is less abrupt and more nearly central. It is proportionally higher than M. occidentalis and less elevated along the umbonal slope. Formation and locality. In a sandstone of the Chemung group, near Leon Centre, Cattaraugus county, N. Y. 404 T'HIRTY-FIFTH REPORT ON THE STATE MUSEUM. MYTILARCA SIMPLEX. Mytilarca (Modiola) simplea, Hath. Pal. N. Y., vol. v, pt. 1, Plates and Explanations; Pl. 33, figs. 19, 21 (20 in error). Jan., 1883. SHELL of medium. size; body elongate-ovate, with an acute apex ; length nearly twice the height; byssal area depressed ; margin below nearly straight for two-thirds the length ; posterior margin abruptly rounded; dorsal margin gently curving to the hinge-line. Valves equal, moderately convex in the posterior part, and gibbous on the umbo. The line of greatest convexity is on the ventral side of the axis. Hinge-line short. Beaks sub-erect, acute, abruptly attenuate. Test marked by fine, closely arranged, concentric striz. A specimen has a length of 41 mm., and height 25 mm. This species is somewhat intermediate to WM. Chemungensis and M. regularis, but’ is distinguished from the former by its shorter form, and from the latter by its greater convexity and more attenuate beak. This form and the succeeding were referred to MyTILOPs, but a care- ful comparison shows them to be related to the species here arranged under MYTILARCA. Formation and locality. In the sandstones of the Chemung group, west of Smethport, Pa. MYTILARCA GIBBOSA. Mytilarca gibbosa, HAuu. Pal. N. Y., vol. v, pt. 1. Unpublished. SHELL of medium size; body ovate-arcuate, obliquely truncate along the hinge-line ; length less than twice the height ; ventral margin nearly straight for more than three-fourths the length, abruptly curving into the posterior margin, thence gently rounded to the extremity of the hinge-line. Left valve very convex; the greatest convexity above the middle. Umbonal region gibbous. Right’ valve unknown. Hinge-line oblique, nearly equal to the height of the shell. Beak small, appressed, arching toward the ventral side. Test marked by fine concentric strive, which, at irregular intervals, are crowded into fascicles, leaving varices upon the surface of the cast. The specimen described has a length of 45 mm., and height 26 mm. This species is proportionally longer, beak more acute, and much more gibbous than MM. lata. 4 | Formation and locality. In the Upper Chemung group, Napoli, Cattaraugus county, N. Y. LAMELLIBRANCHIATA. . 405 MYTILARCA LATA. Uytilops (Modiola) lata, Haun. Pal. N. Y., vol. v, pt.1. Plates and Explana- tions: Pl. 38, fig. 22.° Jan., 1883. SHELL large; body broadly sub-elliptical, abruptly narrowing toward the beak on the dorsal side; length one-third greater than the height; byssal area slightly inflated, thence nearly straight for almost three-fourths the length of the shell; posterior margin broadly rounded; dorsal margin gently curved for two-thirds of the length and then truncated in nearly a direct line to the beak. Right valve moderately convex in the posterior part, becoming broadly convex in the middle, and somewhat gibbous in the um- bonal region. Left valve unknown. Hinge-line oblique; extent unknown. Beak elevated, erect, acute. Test marked by rather coarse, elevated lines of growth. The specimen described has a length of 60 mm. and height 40 mm. This species somewhat resembles M. reguiaris, but the beak is more anterior, the body wider and more convex, and the truncation of the cardinal margin is much longer. Formation and locality. In the Chemung group, Randolph, Cat- taraugus county, N. Y. GOSSELETTIA, Barrors. GOSSELETTIA RETUSA. Gosselettia retusa, Haun. Pal. N. Y., vol. v, pt.1. Plates and Explanations: Pl. 80, figs. 1,2. Jan., 18838. SHELL of medium size; body very oblique, rhomboid-ovate, sub-arcuate; length one-third greater than the height; ventral margin nearly straight for two-thirds of the length, inflated at the byssal opening and concave below, thence abruptly curving into the broad basal and dorsal margin. Valves equal, regularly convex in the posterior part and gibbous in the umbonal region; the point of greatest convexity is above the middle. The ventral umbonal slope is sub-angular. Ventral side flat. Hinge-line short. Beaks acute, prominent, di- rected a little forward and incurved. Test of moderate thickness, marked by lamellose concentric lines of growth which at irregular distances are crowded into fascicles. 406 THIRTY-FIFTH REPORT ON THE STATE MUSEUM. The specimen described has a length of 49 mm., height 32 mm., breadth 30 mm. This species differs from G. ¢riquetra in its proportionally longer form, less expanded posteriorly; hinge-line shorter and less oblique to the body of the shell; and the ventral umbonal slope is less wee along the length. Formation and locality. In the Hamilton group, Highteen-mile creek, Erie county, N. Y. ABSTRACT OF THE CHARACTERS OF THE GENERA IN- CLUDED IN THIS REPORT. For the sake of completeness and as a guide to the genera, it has seemed expedient to supplement the specific descriptions by a short notice of the generic characters with references to the accompanying plates. These plates are intended to represent the characteristic generic forms, and to convey in a measure some idea of the variety of forms embraced in each genus. In a primary sense, the plates are also designed as a key to the genera, and to facilitate the study of the principal charac- ters of the monomuscular Devonian lamellibranchiata of the State of New York, CLASSIFICATION. Porc a Pernopecten. 7} ala Crenipecten. } Aviculopecten. | AVIPECTENID& < Lyriopecten. | Pterinopecten. Pterinea. eR wrip ia s. g. Vertumnia. . Actinopteria. L cine | Ptychopteria. ee { Limoptera. Glyptodesma. Leiopteria. Leptodesma. Pteronites. Paleopinna. | Ectenodesma. ] | Amponycutip@ 4 Byssopteria. | ( Mytilarca s. g. Plethomytilus. Mytinip2s | Mytilarca. | equivalve. J AVICULID 45 Gosselettia., Modiola s. g. Mytilops. 5 Pernopecten,* Winchell. Shell like Pecten. Hinge with a central cartilage pit and a crenulated hinge-plate on each side below the hinge- margin. This and the following genus appear to be more nearly related to the genus Pecten than to Aviculopecten. EXAMPLES — Pernopecten limiformis. PI. i, figs. 1, 2. Pernopecten Shumardanus. Pl. i, fig. 3. * See note, page 277. [Sen. Doc. No. 38.] 59 406b THIRTY-FIFTH REPORT ON THE STATE MUSEUM. Crenipecten, Hall. ike Pecten or Aviculopecten in form. Hinge furnished with a series of small cartilage pits throughout its entire length. EXAMPLES — Crenipecten Winchelli. PI. i, figs. 4, 5. Crenipecten Leon. P1. i, fig. 6. Crenipecten amplus. P\. i, fig. 7. Crenipecten crenulatus. Pl. i, figs. 8, 9. Aviculopecten, McCoy, is emended to include those forms which have ' the hinge-line usually shorter than the transverse diameter, and both ears well-defined. ‘Test ornamented with rays. EXAMPLES — Aviculopecten princeps. PI. ii, figs. 1-4. Aviculopecten fasciculatus. Pl. ii, fig. 5. Aviculopecten duplicatus. PI. ii, fig. 6. Aviculopecten rugestriatus. P1. ii, fig. 7. Aviculopecten dolabriformis. P). ii, fig. 8. Aviculopecten insignis. P1. ii, fig. 9. Aviculopecten bellus. PI. ii, figs. 10, 11. _ Lyriopecten, Hall. Differs from the preceding in the short hinge- line and very small anterior ear. Test usually ornamented with strong rays. EXAMPLES — Lyriopecten magnificus. P1. ii, fig. 12. Lyriopecten interradiatus. PA. ii, fig. 18. Lyriopecten cymbalon. P|. ii, fig. 14. Pterinopecten, Hall. Winge-line long. Lars not well-defined, being simple expansions or extensions of the upper lateral margins to the ~ hinge-line. Test ornamented with rays. EXAMPLES — Pterinopecten undosus. Pl. 1, figs. 12, 13. Pterinopecten vertumnus. Pl. 1, figs. 14, 15, ; - Pterinopecten erectus. P1. i, fig. 16. Pterinea, Goldfuss. Shell inequivalve, inequilateral ; posterior side alate; anterior end nasute or auriculate. Ligament internal; liga- mental area longitudinally striated. Cardinal teeth two or more. Lateral teeth linear oblique. Posterior muscular impression large, situated on the post umbonal slope. Anterior muscular impression small, situated within the rostral cavity. Test ornamented with rays. EXAMPLES — Pterinea flabella. PI. ii, figs. 1-3. Pterinea Chemungensis. PI. iii, fig. 4. S.g. Vertumnia, Hall. Differs from Pterinea in having the right valve convex, and the left flat or concave. Hinge area narrow. EXAMPLE — Pterinea (Vertumnia) reversa. Page 294. Actinopteria, Hall. Differs from Pterinea in the absence of a broad striated ligamental area and strong cardinal and lateral teeth. Right valve subconvex. Surface with fine rays. EXAMPLES — Actinopteria subdecussata. PI. iii, fig. 9. Actinopteria Boydi. PA. iii, figs. 10, 11. Actinopteria eta. P\. iii, figs. 12, 18. Actinopteria muricata, Pl, iii, fig. 14. LAMELLIBRANCHIATA. 406¢ Ptychopteria, Hall. Differs from Actinopteria in the nasute ante- rior extremity, and large straight wing marked by a strong longitudi- nal fold. Hinge-line narrow, linear; furnished with one or two linear oblique cardinal and lateral teeth. Surface with fine rays. HxaMPLes — Ptychopteria Beecheri. PI. iii, figs, 15, 16. Ptychopteria Salamanca. PI. iii, figs. 17, 18. Ptychopteria Proto. PI. iii, fig. 19. Limoptera, Hall. Shell large, inequivalve, inequilateral, subquad- rate, strongly alate on the posterior sifle, auriculate on the anterior end. lLigamental area large, common to both valves, wider in the left valve, longitudinally striate and extending to the cardinal extremities. The hinge has an oblique posterior tooth and several cardinal folds under the beak. Anterior muscular impression very small and deep, . situated at the apex of the rostral cavity ; posterior impression large. Pallial line simple, formed of a series of small deep pits. Inter-pallial area with numerous small pits for the attachment of umbonal muscles. Test radiated ; radii becoming obsolete with age. Exampies — Limoptera macroptera, P. iii, figs. 5, 6. Limoptera cancellata. Pl. ini, fig. 7. Glyptodesma, Hall. Shell aviculoid, erect or moderately oblique ; inequivalve. Ligament external. Ligamental area striated, continu- ous. Hinge with two strong lateral teeth, and numerous irregular transverse plications along the cardinal margin. In form the shells of this genus resemble Actinodesma; but they have not the prominent diverging teeth of that genus. Surface marked by concentric strie. EXAMPLE — Glyptodesma erectum. PI. iv, figs. 1-8. Leiopteria, Hall. Shell aviculoid, oblique, subrhomboidal. Anterior extremity auriculate; wing large, extremity produced. Test without proper rays. Ligament external. Ligamental area marked by fine parallel longitudinal strie. Hinge with one or two oblique slender lateral teeth. The cavity of the beak is partially separated from the anterior end by a short partition or clavicle. Exampies — Leiopteria Rafinesquir. Pl. iv, figs. 9, 10. Leiopteria Dekayt. ~P1. iv, fig. 11. Leptodesma, Hall. In its prevailing forms this genus is similar to — Leiopteria, except that the anterior end is always nasute and acute in- stead of auriculateand rounded. Hinge narrow, furnished with a slen- der lateral tooth just posterior to the beak and nearly parallel to the hinge-line. Ligament external. Ligamental area narrow, extending the entire length of the hinge, marked by fine, sharp, longitudinal strie. ‘Test with concentric strie. ExaMpPuLes — Leptodesma longispinum. PI. iv, fig. 12. Leptodesma Hector. PI. iv, figs. 18, 14. Leptodesma flaccidum. PA. iv, fig. 15. Leptodesma propinquum. Pl. iv, fig. 16. 406d THIRTY-FIFTH REPORT ON THE STATE MUSEUM. Piteronites, McCoy. ‘This genus is restricted to those possessing the characters of the original types. Body very oblique. Hinge-line longer than the body of the shell. Wing and hinge extended poste- riorly. Test marked by concentric striz. EXAMPLE — Pteronites profundus, PI. iv, fig. 17. Paleopinna, Hail. Shell, in outline, somewhat similar to Pinna, gaping in front. ‘l'est marked by fine radiating lines. Body more convex and test with finer rays than in the ordinary Pinna. Hinge- line simple. i ExAMPLE — Paleopinna flabella. Pl. v, fig. 14. Eictenodesma, Hall. Resembles Glyptodesma in outline, except that the anterior wing is more produced and both wings more acute at their extremities. Test ornamented with rays. EXAMPLE — Lctenodesma birostratum. Pl. iii, fig. 8; Pl. iv, fig. 18. Byssopteria. Shell erect, equivalve. Alate posteriorly, truncate, and with a nasute projection in front. Surface radiated. EXAMPLE — Byssopteria radiata. Pl. v, fig. 13. Mytilarca, s. g. Plethomytilus, Hall, Equivalve, mytiloid, gibbous shells with a finely striated ligamental area. Posterior side subalate. Hinge-line transverse. Lateral teeth small, oblique; no cardinal teeth have been observed. ‘lest with concentric strie. ExaMpLes — Mytilarca (Plethomytilus) ponderosa. Pl. v, figs. 1, 2. Mytilarca (Plethomytilus) oviformis. PI. v, fig. 4. Mytilarca, Hall. Shell equivalve, inequilateral and mytiliform with terminal beaks and short hinge-line, which is bordered by a flattened, longitudinally striated, ligamental area of greater or less extent. Car- dinal teeth small, situated beneath the beak. Posterior teeth small and oblique, situated at the post-cardinal extremity of the hinge. Test free from radii, with a single known exception. EXAMPLES —WMytilarca lata. Pl. v, fig. 3. Mytilarca Chemungensis. Pl. v, figs. 5, 6. Mytilarca carinatu. Pl. v, figs. 7, 8. Gosselettta, Burrois, Shell subtriangular, truncate on the anterior side, subalate on the posterior side. Ligamental area wide, longitudi- nally striate. Cardinal teeth strong, situated under the beak. Lateral teeth elongate. Surface marked by concentric strie. EXAMPLE — Gosselettia triquetra. Pl. v, figs. 9, 10. Modiola, s. g. Mytilops, Hall. ‘The fossils of this genus resemble Modiola and Lithodomus in external form, and may also be compared with the fossil genus Myoconcha. Hinge-line narrow, oblique, ex- tending about one-half the length of the shell. Beaks terminal. ExaMPLE -—Modiola (Mytilovs) precedens. P1. v, figs. 11, 12. INDEX TO THE SPECIES OF LAMELLIBRANCHIATA. DESCRIBED IN THIS REPORT. BUMONGEERIA . 2... ee eee PuGras COlabrifOrmis. 362605541 406% 235 AIC UIAUR 5... kt ee BUGPoEMOUUOMCALUS: | 7. Sauk ite o 228 PEO ase ee ee eae SipPeerelnpticus. 22.6). beh R eee, 234 PPEOSSALA. 2. el ee ewe SOUP ORACUEUS 35.6 oid 2k eles He Saree 221 Le (38 c 2 ene AB Se SO0aream fascieulatug. 2530). eis es eee: 224 A. CLS Seagate Poa sORINO Se 555) 4b saa g eee 222 POMRIOM Se ate POM ROS. fesse ht acids oes Li Ra mns 225 A. Glu, Aaa mearnsii DUP IMIOGUS: 2 oi) Sais c0 Sb LL a eae 240 MOMENI ee a ee PAE enLIISLOMIS of 55° 25 9} Swe e eegm 241 ROMO... 2 os ak kek bp eee SMP aL LGVIS). 5's e2 xd cr a te) oe toe ei mis 230 55 |) TEx SLL BUEN) Sa aa a a 226 PEACACA. ee aa age oucromatus, 5.320542 . 248 MEK OUNGUA. oe kee Sime OLMACUS se athe Go ak Oe ee 243 PMCMSUTIANIS a ce ee SU Me PAMMUS. OSs Te eres 233 3. TY SLL eens i - SOc Aa, DECLCMITOTMISS .) i.e. eee ce ne 219 mepsupaecussata.',.°...... ee OG Ass MNOTCUS) 2 ial bak oo ote ons 223 PMEMMIStTIAta)... ce ee eee SAUL Ate DLENNULS, 1a vei: ota hare aS ata ee apa 231 L. ULC Re cre SEU .DEIBCEDS. 0/02 oo 6s oa ciated aw te 217 BMGT eer ei. = 4% «bie eee SUG Ay TUCAEStIIALUG!. Ao ote. oc a sass 227 Nts SCADLICUSH: onthe ee Se ne ce aeaacte 220 PRACULOPHCTEN . 2000 loonie BAIN pre SUOM AGUS! geteti MSS baie a one 237 Paeeequitateralis’. 0... eee aa Pr er PSQUIAIN G08 ba chai a ao ae eh ne 235 BNO (5025. o ooe a gape ae SOPTAGUS e toia: ochcha o ooe aa ye ee Se 232 memeancellatis 0... 06 eee Rr A ECINUUSs ciat cae tnt wlt Being aapeh 244 BOAO Ss Aca ae ees 237 A. (Crenipecten ?) incultus...... 238 ECONO nee a a's Pea eee 232 A. (Pterinopecten ?) invalidus... 239 J) OLGA alone SPI i005 2108 220 A. (Pterinopecten ?) terminalis... 239 BUEREOUVERUS. 01. as, sce cee 236 : POESOPTERIAL 5... 4-02) Oe LOO) TB Eradiata cs. vs 04 6 see enue in RE 400 CRUNEPMCTEN. . 2.5... 2s 6 ees, DietnAe COMO as alse inc! anata a Sadie Seva 282 OUT DUIS oo eo oe en Se mes Pini COMTEAGUS 5 sha 2 dees we ssercverd oo AOA 281 GVerenulatus. .. 2. ..'.. as PMI cao. C) MIGrOpterus......0.........0RUIe 280 CSE oo eens os we eOw ©) OPSOLEtUS. 04. cee ROS) 279 Cam politusige. 3. oT aay ites CAV ATIC ENTS 3, coop ndeton. “sina me woes dO 282 MOTENODESMA. . 0)... sc. « wad on one oe Hr: DivOsGracumMeys voce selec secs se de 399 GEM PTODIEMA 0. oe ce ee 6s idles Sole GOSSELEUITAG so )eewe. vs sa yuacalays 405 MCECCCUINS bs hos sn vs eka < sepa remten Gr ROGUBAY fa ener. 2 yuo a cd wicletel Shas 405 G. erectum var. obliquum....... 333 BOECEICCDEAIE.. 6)... sess vata 333 4068 IGRIGPDEREA NS. .i ajc. sane 0 2 (:) 0 a em ae een ChemuUNG@ensis pos pj geleleniee Conradi © mele iN wll wie). wile) Ye vesatia ee) ne) ims oe tye! eeessee ese eee cee eee ee rpeeereee se ees ee ee ee ee ee ~2eet eee soe sere see see sees ecere ee eee ee ee ewe OH we hw oer ee eee ee eeoeverere: Rafinesquii ......... Le aetehags : SEW Cia CMRer tier Manvel anthro fade a PORTE YT Seon ce ents sanesen cea EOOStIS a ee A ee eee ine la) lalallala alshalalis\ 2) EBTODESNEA. 3c ole contre wave cea ‘acutirostrum AP ASSIA enna Rete UESY FBI 00 AR ge BORNE ha” SUE UE eree ese se sess eevee s eer eo re ee ts ee pe ee oe SULT CE AGE GL Aa eseesse eee se ee ee ee eee eee eceeee ev ££ seeveeeeesre B11 i(0) omnes at ma Siwy ee ececoseseee ee ee ee see we we we oe complanatum Cory dom ines Ce ete ese Crean soe tase aE emaea eee eee we ec owe ee we PCMAG ei thee ON he cee at e/CLIS PATIO Ry er AG Untied a the wu carioy . extenuatum flaccidum . Hector JASOMI hee neue he ain Ot oman LepIG UM, setae uaa: el Liesleyte sei weet age eit 3 WGUCH aS eee le ey nish ere eeerrec eee es we oe He ee eee eee ese es a eoecsee ese ee ee es ee ee ee ew sere er eee ress we Poe PLORIaS oa cla eee Dee SPE SS peese eee ere eer eee NETTIE ARGCA 6 ee aS eee é MECcarinata:. 20 oe ieee Ri Gebbosa: i. . acd eee REelata;..... IP AT AO PINAR oe ob hee OE EP, habellar in ees. P. recurva ee sree ee ee ere reeves ee PTERINEA.... os eee © © © ew we owe ew we Pe OMe mUneenStS Gr ss eae eet, THIRTY-FIFTH REPORT ON THE STATE MUSEUM. Page. Page. Set: Loo Macluriiaes s 0a ae ee 388 340, be Marcellense:. 0. coo3e sk eae 347 340) 4G) Matherts on Mies se Gu as eee 361 B00 Win Medonys ek Aa Mee wn 365 BOOe Rs MREMTORKs Suis weds bs ale Chelan 371 543° duh Morton te) ah es esl 359 306 i, mytiliforme ).\).% . S2e shee 394 S04 Ue MaVALOMMe ook voce he eee 367 Dae ay INGREUB. ce Cio ae cunts eee telane 379 046 COTES Pe om ence nee 378 S41 ip Onegdes yo... io oe eee 371 SAF Ny eOTUR 7, in ou eae Co ee 381 a00 Ii patulum. fs cm) secu te eee 387 BO Wy lin CHOPS: 0 se 0 chet oaa alana kn eens 377 SAG) Tay EVO a ca 390 SAS als, WORE YA aks Suis tke eran ace 308 Li. potens var. juvens. 00.240. 309 DAT Li PrO PIN Guus oo). esis eee 390 59a Ti. qprotextuml. <2) \cj<1e so ieeeee 304 DOG) buy GUBATALUIMN. 25 ec a8 ie eee ee 392 380).robustum . alee eee 352 DOm, Wats AROS ELSI oy, gonci. bye onic cere 348 BOO Le PUGS. Mice soerey tac aed eee ees BOO. tae NUVALGH 2). icin cece eke 351 G00 lus SoCiate i Vie eis eee ie 357 360 danSPiatGeruMns Ae ahios Lee . 849 DOS tly SCOP MAI Le ea omen aps ences ue 362 S06) Ty Gru Ca GUM) i) Sy. cp aueneke ears 375 O14 aim ponatuna. Ps. -- eee ee 365 387 L. umbonatum var. depressum... 366 376 368 LYRIOPECTEN.............. 245 304. 1. anomMisecormig:. 022-2 0). ee ee 255 209), li. evi ballon. sc. \n. aes . 251 DOO) dy DAL aMUS lh sia erste eee a 246 Die Wa, TASClacusi wl Ae Se eee 257 a00 Ua INberragiatis 2... 00. Vote Lae 248 Safa) Lig Macrodonbus) 2) nisen ue eee 250 OO) LiyMAeniMCUS WET eee eee 254 DOs Lin OROUCUIALUS 2.0 6s. kn cosets ore eee 247 384 I. parallelodontus. . 0... 5.0... 245 391 LE. Polydorus (2) 2.0030 2. sce aeeoom 350) du Prams <6 vies cic ee eee ee 256 OVO LV SOLOK 2). si a'as coop Cosi eRe 258 Dio Wu, tIICOStAbUS |. waa ae hn ee 252 401) Mesrepuplaris: oo bc els sk. eee 403 AO?) Mivcsim plexi iat Ca 2 a elt ie 404 404 M. umbonata....... a Coa 2. aaa 402 405 M. (Plethomytilus) Knavvi. .... 401 401 BOT. CONS MTS? cya ice ee nals ae 291 SO Lies CIs ai Olan c/s Wags ote ime ets 289 BUG Pe abeltar ntsc oe eee kee ee 285 BS oramidliigs( 34 ins Setanta ene as 284. 284. (PY interstrialestes aan ee ees 288 209. PY INO UTS ee Se aay eee ene 284 INDEX. 406g Page. Page. (oy UDOTEY Gh ee anaes Or: ZO; ETERONPUMS Ms seiecliiecie ead vc dere 395 EMME oa. 5) a!claeliclin wie eae va: dies 6l 202), Ps INOPEAtUisnd. Seem ete ew et. hws 396 PerGNGEtminnia) AVIS) .../........'. 294 P. profundus...... Sees ie 3 ate", 395 Pa) So 0 1200, Ee TOStTAUUG 2) or .'./eiale ots oles Peg PROVO) PEGVEISA, Os)o sc. ee ae 294 PUY@HOPMUREA.. 26, ices ais\o)suelshy ess’ « 312 PTERINOPECTEN......... Bete Peso) 2 ASE ICE A I ren i eer i 320 Ee cOnspectus....... Bt Cm SOG EM ESCCOUOE WE A e655 ccs bao tara vee ... 828 PPPEVeMMCOStALUSs. 6.660... c we ee oe Pt SNORT OE 1 a A aPC 321 Po O U0 UU Ae ee rere 262 Py.expansa........ Zia Ribatonn Sere egee 330 POTS AMICUS be ke es Zfeatebes MMUCLADC.) An c/a Neptunus. ...... oie ata ch Sian ere Pidelge DROW Bye duath els a nic ke aus ora 315 MMUEEICIOSHS SF Se cease ce OGiP SMIUOSH. nck 6. se Raya ah e ae 3138 PPBCHOMUS Soe ue. ook oom, Spatulatas: {p.% Ss ee CS. 324 Petecilaris.. ..... ia a ahaa PGSE SPlOe: Ms ocins RS a eT ae 318 PONY WIS. 6)". 6. Sonal chelate OG OVE] EP NOE Ta RM Sg ar 327 P. suborbicularis....... Mr teonie)-? O7oe. Thetis. Soc. tlh a AeA Mah ak 317 PPPMMOOSUS, 09... US ee Gee O70) ee CrieOnalis H's oheias bN geal. 320 Pee ECCUMMUS.:. 66) ddhecs aha wee BGO mE. Wa XCNM oss ead Ye eas Ae 329 P. (Aviculopecten ?) strictus..... 271 US, Pac Ts. Ne oe os ath SE me as ; vodctae a) ‘ Pea re ' i a fo 8S no aye re xn EAT dest MARES es oka Slee ek y Har ae aihes JES ” ft 7 {<< ; OLD cee | ts Cath? , 5 oy ty wine ‘ pees . PRI VMs CPU ig Ob We of ee a ® 6 0% 4) ape © 9 4 F ue " i ‘ F } : 5 ai { dates 9 Tuy | rey bore « RY Os ore art oes Se) he ; i i ‘ o> Liens Pin ¢ ae a? a ee MUMS a ay ate Re eK Se Vk ek eee 1 ae, Lay sat 5 4 ‘ " t yt The ; ‘ 5 7) ass: vf Pele? . + if ” Bitte D> arn % . - a ae Thiee Sa ee Ons, P i a ¥ +e iele oh 69) © & Bw e, it hf ‘ a ‘ é f ‘ u - ne hy: , . a Ve ee oy ' of Ale) + you Bs 54 «40a a ws eh eu pO vie dae ge ORE 4 A ‘ ¢ . we ¥ 6.0% eo * eye , 4 i 7 , 1 eo ) Raine roe * : beh - a 7 ae ot oe s* Ayers fs ao: oo cS ' a . s - «A At - . vs o #6 8 eee eave ens ‘ “y 4 7 » ‘ . ‘ nae fe, oP ra re BOT os 10S ie te id aoe re ee va i Per 7 : eae Jona ale) eS rip ' “ : ' at ihe ry ¢i ries n te ey weal gy Ween eR ES EEG Lbs Wa Rigs fue Foe ae aia oe Qa weit 4 a ‘ ; ¢ x ey “ay teh 4 , 4 Ait #4 ) i" : = i ea was Cen Bae aS eine. oh OM Ora Bee Baie kta wd Sie Oc hee RD 1 - ‘ 7 , rryro fl Pie? a ick eee es OBOE SE Se ahs, ME Ys : ata ke kaerat ene “ z » be kow ae wien ee ioe ee bay yd ine ry ae he ee oe ; 4 / ey ‘ ; ‘att hie ze a dy ely Ua atet Ct aa , ye YU iee sec 9 . ‘ , % G) Sty i / v \ id a \ ' ee Me a Oi ta) Weare ee St RO Mar em aE AT de so ! ris ez Os Hy iy i 4 Ue ee rags ie sow ee welts a } Ue Ws ea Rea & 7 = ev at d \ar CLE ET mn a a « ’ Fie we elaine es aes ; ; Aon f F ‘ en 14 i x ed Tae Ti. * i f De IPEDEY 4% \ yk BIN f Tre yo re # j ; ) 7 t , - t F « 4 te y i ; )) Pi i » , - ; ; iZsat ‘i ¥ ' ~ iar A i - , 24 y : aif Pe { Br f y / ' pe . } 4 i e n i DESCRIP TTON 'S oF FOSSIL CORALS FROM THE NIAGARA AND UPPER HEL- DERBERG GROUPS. The fossil corals of the museum collections have been accumulating for many years, but there has been little opportunity of giving special systematic attention to theirstudy. In 1876 some forty plates of photo- graphic illustrations of species occurring in the Upper Helderberg and Hamilton groups were published. In the meantime large collections have been made from these rocks, and in 1877 the writer purchased of Rev. H. Herzer, now of Berea, Ohio, an extensive collection made from the several formations of Ohio, Indiana, Kentucky, Tennessee, Canada West and New York. This collection is especially rich in corals, from the Falls of the Ohio and adjacent country, and the speci- mens have been prepared with great care and labor to show the structure. The organic body being in a silicified condition has per- mitted the use of acids for the removal of the matrix and the filling of the cells. In this manner, through the labor of Mr. Herzer, a very remarkable collection had been:formed. Later on Dr. James Knapp and Henry Nettleroth Hsq., of Louisville have contributed many specimens from the Falls of Ohio and the vicinity of Louisville which have increased the value and interest of the former collection. Mr. C. D. Walcott, now of the United States Geological Survey, has made, for the State Museum, very extensive collections of corals from the Upper Helderberg limestone of Western New York and Canada West; and from Hastern New York, collections have been made by Dr. J. W. Halland others. The writer has likewise employed Mr. John De Cew, of Cayuga, Ontario, in collecting the corals of that part of the country and he has purchased acollection of these fossils from Mr. Ed- mond De Cew, of the same place. These collections altogether, have furnished a considerable amount of new material for study and descrip- tion. ' Nearly all the species heretofore described by MM. Edwards and Haime, Mr. Billings, and Dr. Rominger have been recognized in these 408 THIRTY-FIFTH REPORT ON THE STATE MUSEUM. combined collections, but are not here indicated for want of space for a complete description of the species. The accompanying paper con- tains descriptions of the Cyathophylloid forms which have been recog- nized as new or not heretofore described. My thanks are especially due to Mr. George B. Simpson, without whose efficient aid I could not, at the present time, have undertaken the prepa- ration of this paper. He has already, during previous years, in con- nection with myself, made critical studies of the species during their examination for the selection of specimens for drawing, for the pale- ontology of New York. He is therefore familiar with these forms, especially of the Upper Helderberg group in all their varying aspects. More than eighty plates of original drawings of corals, for the Pale- ontology of New York have been completed for more than two years past (some of these having been published in 1876), but the delay in the publication of that part of the Natural History of the State, renders it important to present through other channels, some evidence of work done. Unfortunately for that work and for the evidence of general progress in the work of the State Museum, we have had no publication (except a single separate paper*) since 1879. The present (35th) report contains the scientific paperst communi- cated with the 33d and 34th Reports of the State Museum, except the Reports of the State Botanist. * The corals and Bryozoans of the Lower Helderberg Group. + The paper on the Bryozoans of the Upper Helderberg and Hamilton Groups, communicated to the 33d Report of the State Museum having been published, in abstract, in the Transactions of the Albany Institute, is for the present, with- drawn from the Museum Report. FOSSIL CORALS OF THE NIAGARA GROUP. STREPTELASMA, HALL. STREPTELASMA ? (ZAPHRENTIS?) EXSTANS, 7. sp. Corallum simple, turbinate; diameter of the calix 20mm., depth 20 mm., sides regularly and abruptly sloping toward the center, where there is an elevation, having a diameter at the base of 7 mm. anda height of nearly 10 mm.; number of lamelle 74, of nearly uniform size at the margin, alternating below ; on the anterior side is one lamella more developed than the others toward which a few of the adjacent lamelle converge, on each side of, and adjoining this prominent lamella, are four small ones, and on the dextral and sinistral sides of the calix, at equal distances from the anterior ray, are four other small lamellee. Formation and locality. Niagara limestone, Milwaukee, Wisconsin. STREPTELASMA ? (ZAPHRENTIS) ? LIMITARE, %. Sp. Corallum simple, turbinate, curved; diameter of the calix 25 mm., depth 20 mm., anterior side nearly vertical; fossette situated poster- iorly, commencing at the center, not extending on the sides; the extremities of the lamelle coalesce, forming a well defined vertical wall to the fossette; number of lamelle 70, of uniform size at the margin, alternating below, the principal ones extending to the margins of the fossette. Formation and locality. Niagara Limestone, Racine, Wisconsin. PTYCHOPHYLLUM, Epwarps & Harms. PTYCHOPHYLLUM FLORIFORME, 2. Sp. Corallum simple, turbinate; diameter of the calix 35 mm., depth 10 mm., for a distance of 8 mm, from the margin the sides are gently, then abruptly, sloping toward the center; a space at the bottom 7 mm, in diameter elevated and indented on one side by the fossette, which © ‘consists of a shallow pit not extending on the sides of the calix, its [Sen. Doc. No. 38. } 52 410 THIRTY-FIFTH REPORT ON THE STATE MUSEUM. continuation in that direction being marked by a single more promi- nent lamella; number of lamellee 62, flattened and of nearly uniform size near the margin, alternating below; afew of the larger lamellz con- verge to the single ray in the line of the fossette, but the greater portion continue to the center, where they are twisted and elevated forming a false columella. Formation and locality. Niagara limestone, Racine, Wisconsin. PTYCHOPHYLLUM FULCRATUM, 2. Sp. Corallum simple, broadly turbinate, usually straight; increasing by calicular gemmation, the buds proceeding from near the margin ; ex- terior with concentric wrinkles and stri#; external coste distinct. There are numerous slender exterior processes which served for attach- ment and support. The largest specimen observed has a height of 20 mm., diameter of the calix 50 mm.; for some distance from the mar- gin the calix is flat or gently sloping, then abruptly descending, frequently nearly vertical; a convex space at the bottom from 8 to 12 mm. in diameter; number of lamelle 60, of uniform size, extending to the center where they are twisted and elevated forming a false col- umella ; near the margin they are broad and flattened, becoming thin- ner as they approach the center. In young individuals there is an ob- scure fossette which is obsolete in all the older ones observed. Formation and locality. Niagara Group, Louisville, Kentucky. CHONOPHYLLUM, Epwarps AND: Hare, CHONOPHYLLUM VADUM, 7. Sp. Corallum simple, turbinate, straight or slighly curved, acute at the base, regularly expanding to the calix ; exterior with numerous abrupt constrictions, and fine concentric striz ; external costz very distinct ; height 35 mm., diameter of the calix 20 mm., depth 10 mm., sides slightly concave; a flat space at the bottom 5 mm. in diameter ; num- ber of lamellee 70, flat, and of nearly uniform size at the margin, be- - coming thinner and alternating in size below; the principal ones extending to the center, where they are twisted and very slightly elevated. Formation and locality. Niagara Group, Louisville, Kentucky. CHONOPHYLLUM CAPAX, ”. Sp. Corallum simple, broadly turbinate, regularly expanding ; exterior with numerous concentric wrinkles and striations. Externally there are numerous slender processes, quite evenly distributed, which served for attachment and support; when exfoliated the exterior has a some-, NIAGARA GROUP. | 411 what compressed vesiculose appearance; corallum consisting of thin, superimposed lamine ; height 35 mm., diameter of the calix 60 mm. depth 12 mm.; for a distance of 20 mm. from the margin it is gently ~ sloping, then nearly vertical; a convex space at the bottom 15 mm. in diameter; tabule thin; fossette small, deep, not extending on the side of the calix ; number of lamellz 160, alternating in size, the smaller ones rudimentary, not more than one sixth the thickness of the others ; near the margin the larger ones are broad, angular, having a width of about 1.50 mm, becoming thinner as they approach the center where they are twisted and elevated, forming a false columella. This species has nearly the same form as P. fulcratum; it has also ' similar processes for attachment, and might, on a cursory examina- tion, be mistaken for that species, but it is much more distinctly composed of thin, invaginated lamine; the lamella are.decidedly al- ternating in size and there are well developed tabule. Formation and locality. Niagara limestone, Louisville, Kentucky. HALLIA, Epwarps anp HAImME. I have adopted the Genus Hauuia of Edwards and Haime after much hesitation and misgiving. Among the large collection of corals from the Falls of the Ohio, the locality of the typical form of the genus, I have not found a single specimen possessing the characters given in the figure 3, pl. VI, of Polypiers des Terrains Paleeozoique, and have been in- clined to regard it as a possible modification of AULACOPHYLLUM, of which there are several species from that locality. There are, how- ever, among the collections of the Niagara Group several forms which cannot, with propriety, be referred to the AULACOPHYLLUM or STREP- TELASMA, but which possess the characters attributed to HALLIA. These forms are therefore, for the present, placed under this generic term. HALLIA SCITULA, 2. sp. Corallum simple, small, broadly turbinate or patellate, rapidly ex- panding, length of posterior side 5 mm., of the anterior side 8 mm.; calix shallow, campanulate, diameter 15 mm.,a flat or slightly con- vex space at the bottom 5 mm. in diameter, with a small oval depression at the center; number of lamelle 60, of nearly uniform size at the margin, alternating below; commencing at the center and continuing to the anterior margin is a single lamella more prominent than the others, and to which about one-half of them converge, the remainder continuing to the central depression. Formation and locality. Niagara Group, Louisville, Kentucky. 412 THIRTY-FIFTH REPORT ON THE STATE MUSEUM. HAULLIA DIVISA, 2. sp. Corallum simple, turbinate, curved, acute at the base, regularly ex- panding to the calix ; height 15 mm., diameter of the calix 10 mm., depth 5 mm., quite seralee 3 concave; there are two Jamelle, com- mencing at ae center and continuing tc the anterior and posterior mar- gins, which are much more prominent than the others, the one situated on the anterior portion being about twice the length of the other; number of lamellz 50, alternating in size, the smaller ones scarcely more than rudimentary, a few more than one-half of the principal ones converging » to the prominent lamella of the anterior side, the remainder toward the center and the prominent lamella of the posterior side. Formation and locality. Niagara group, Louisville, Kentucky. HALLIA DIVERGENS, 7. sp. Corallum simple, turbinate, curved; diameter of calix 20 mm., length of anterior side 22 mm., of stan side 12 mm.; sides abruptly and regularly sloping to the center; number of lamelle 60, alternating in size, the smaller ones being scarcely more than rudimentary ; com- mencing at the center and continuing to the anterior margin is a sin- gle stronger lamella to which about one-half of the others converge, the remainder converging to the transverse lameliz and the center of the calix. Formation and locality. Niagara limestone, Racine, Wisconsin. HALLIA PLUMA, 2. Sp. Corallum simple, turbinate, diameter of the calix 20 mm., length of posterior side 8 mm., of anterior side 25 mm., sides regularly sloping ; commencing at the center, and continuing about half way to the an- terior margin, is a narrow, very shallow fossette, which is scarcely per- ceptible a short distance from the center and along the middle of which is a single lamelle more conspicuous than the fossette; number of lamelle about 90, alternating in size, the smaller ones being scarcely more than rudimentary; somewhat more than one-half of the larger lamellze converge to the fossette and the median lamella, the remain- der to the transverse lamelle and the center of the calix. This species may be distinguished from H. divergens by the more unequal sides of the calix, the shallow fossette and the finer lamellee. Formation and locality. Niagara limestone, Racine, Wisconsin. ANISOPHYLLUM, Epwarps anp Harmer. ANISOPHYLLUM UNILARGUM, 22. sp. Corallum simple, turbinate, slender, acute at the base, regularly ex- panding to the calix; height 30 mm., diameter of the calix 12 mm., NIAGARA GROUP. 413 depth 10 mm.; number of lamelle 50, alternating in size, smaller ones rudimentary ; commencing at the center and continuing to the ante- rior margin is an excessively developed lamella which is prominent at ‘the center, becoming less so as it approaches the margin, and at nearly right angles to it are two narrow fossettes ; the two lamelle anterior to the fossettes are somewhat more prominent than the others. Formation and locality. Niagara group, Louisville, Kentucky. ANISOPHYLLUM TRIFURCATUM, 1. Sp. Corallum simple, elongate, turbinate, slender, very gradually en- larging ; exterior with numerous concentric wrinkles and striations ; height 20 mm., diameter of the calix 8 mm., depth 5 mm., number of lamellee 54, three of the lamelle more prominent than the others, one of which is situated anteriorly, the other two laterally, the remainder alternate in size, the smaller ones extending but a short distance from the margin ; some of the lamelle converge to the three prominent ones, the others to the center of the calix. ‘This species may be dis- tinguished from A. unilargum by its somewhat more slender form, its thinner lamellz and the absence of lateral fossettes. ‘The promi- nent lamelle are not excessively developed. Formation and locality. Niagara group, Louisville, Kentucky. ANISOPHYLLUM? BILAMELLATUM, n, sp. Corallum simple, turbinate, curved, acute at the base, regularly ex- panding to the calix; exterior with frequent rounded annulations; external costz distinct; height of corallum 35 mm., diameter of the calix 20 mm., length of anterior side 25 mm.; the bottom of the cup is 4 mm. from the posterior side ; number of Jamelle 64. Commenc- ing at the bottom of the calix, and extending to the dextral and sinis- tral margins, are two excessively developed lamellae, the remainder alternate in size, the larger ones extending to the bottom of the calix,. Formation and lecality. Niagara group, Louisville, Kentucky. ZAPHRENTIS, RAFINESQUE. ZAPHRENTIS RIGIDA, 7. sp. Corallum simple, turbinate, slightly curved, diameter of the calix 20mm., depth 20 mm., sides abruptly descending; a space at the bottom 10 mm. in diameter convex; fossette situated anteriorly, narrow, deep, margins well defined, not extending on the side; number of lamelle 70, of nearly uniform size at the margin, decidedly alternating below, the smaller ones extending to the convex space at the bottom, the AVA ' THIRTY-FIFTH REPORT ON THE STATE MUSEUM. others to the center, where they are twisted, not elevated. The calix of this species most nearly resembles that of S?(Z?) limitare but is proportionally deeper, the Jamelle are more decidedly alternating in size and are twisted at the center. The sides are more nearly equal. — Formation and locality. Niagara limestone, Racine, Wisconsin. ZAPHRENTIS CRISTULATUM, 2. Sp. Corallum simple, turbinate, curved; diameter of the calix 30 mm., depth 20 mm., sides parallel with the exterior of the corallum ; a space _ at the bottom 15 mm. in diameter slightly convex; fossette consisting of a deep depression situated anteriorly, not extending on the side of the calix; number of lamelle from 90 to 100, decidedly alternating in size, the smaller ones about one-fourth the thickness of the others, which fasciculate, coalesce and extend to the center, where they are elevated, forming an elongate crest about 6 mm. in Heene in a line with the fossette. Formation and locality. Niagara limestone, Racine, Wisconsin. ZAPHRENTIS PRESSULA, 2. Sp. Corallum simple, turbinate, curved, compressed ; calix oval, length 50 mm., width 35 mm., depth 30 mm.; fossette dextral, narrow, deep, not extending on the side of the cup; a space at bottom of calix 30 mm. in length and 25 mm. in width slightly convex ; number of lam- elle about 120, of nearly uniform size at the margin, decidedly alter- nating below; the principal lamelle fasciculate and coalesce, a few extending to “he center, where they apes as interrupted contorted ridges. Formation and locality. Niagara limestone, St. Charles, Illinois. e 6 ZAPHRENTIS LATISINUS, ”. Sp. Corallum simple, broadly turbinate, acute at the-base, regularly ex- panding to the calix ; length of posterior side 20 mm., of anterior side 50 mm., calix broadly oval, length 45 mm., width 35 mm.; tabule broad, extending the entire diameter of the corallum; fossette com- -mencing 8 mm. from the center and continuing to the anterior mar- ~ gin, deep and very conspicuous, width 10 mm.; a smooth, slightly depressed space, of the same width as the fossette, continues to the cen- ter ; number of lamelle 40, of uniform size, extending to the smooth space at the bottom of the calix. formation and locality. Niagara limestone, Drummond’s Island. _ZAPHRENTIS SUBVESICULARE, 1. Sp. Uorallum simple, elongate, turbinate, tortuous, acute at the base, quite regularly expanding to the calix, exterior with concentric NIAGARA GROUP. 415 wrinkles and rounded annulations; when exfoliated the exterior has a somewhat vesicular appearance ; height of corallum from 40 to 50 mm., diameter of the calix from 15 to 20 mm., depth 10 mm., a space at the bottom from 8 to 10 mm. in diameter flat, indented on the posterior margin by the fossette, which consists of a narrow, deep pit not ex- tending on the side of the calix; number of lamelle from 60 to 70, of nearly uniform size at the margin, decidedly alternating below, the principal ones extending to the center, where they are sometimes slightly twisted, often only faintly: indicated on the tabule at the bot- tom of the calix. Formation and locality. Niagara group, Charlestown, Indiana. ZAPHRENTIS SUBVADA, 2. Sp. Corallum simple, turbinate, curved; diameter of the calix 35 mm., depth 15 mm., a space at the bottom 15 mm. in diameter convex, in the center of which is an clongate elevation having a height of 4 mm.; tabule broad; number of lamelle 84, decidedly alternating in size, the smaller ones being about one-fourth the thickness of the others which fasciculate and coalesce, a few of them extending to the center and apparently forming the crest-like elevation at the bottom of the calix. _ formation and locality. Niagara limestone, Racine, Wisconsin. AMPLEXUS, SowzErsy. AMPLEXUS UNIFORME, 7. Sp. - Corallum simple, diameter of the calix 15 mm., depth 15 mm., flat for a distance of 2 mm. from the margin, then vertical; tabule broad, the bottom flat and smooth ; number of lamella 30, of uniform size, crenulated, extending to the flattened space at the bottom. Formation and locality. Niagara limestone, Port Byron, Illinois. AMPLEXUS JUNCTUM, 7. sp. _ Corallum simple, diameter of the calix 8 mm., depth 18 mm., sides vertical, number of lamelle 26, of uniform size, their margins finely denticulated ; between the lamelle are transverse dissepiments, 12 in the space of 5mm. ‘This species is very similar to A. wniforme, but the depth is proportionally much greater and the lamelle are more closely arranged. Formation and locality. Niagara limestone, Port Byron, Illinois. CYATHAXONIA, Micuetin. CYATHAXONIA COLUMELLATA, 2. sp. Corallum simple, turbinate, slightly curved; diameter of the calix 20 mm., depth 15 mm.; fossette inconspicuous or obsolete ; a space at 416 THIRTY-FIFTH REPORT ON THE STATE MUSEUM. the bottom of the calix 10 mm. in diameter convex, in the center of which is a smooth elevated node about 5 mm. in height ; number of lamellee 70, decidedly alternating in size, the smaller ones extending to the convex space at the bottom of the cup, the others to the node at the center. Formation and locality. Niagara limestone, Racine, Wisconsin. CYATHAXONIA HERZERI, 7. sp. Corallum simple, turbinate, straight or slightly curved, acute at the base, regularly expanding to the calix; height 45 mm., calix oblique, diameter 30 mm., length of anterior side 15 mm.; columella conical, 7 mm, in height; number of lamella about 100, alternating in size, the smaller ones about one-third the thickness of the others which continue to the columella. Formation and locality. Niagara group, Louisville, Kentucky. CYATHOPHYLLUM, Goupruss. CYATHOPHYLLUM INTERTRIUM, 7. Sp. Corallum simple, broadly turbinate, base obtuse, regularly expanding to the calix ; external costa very distinct ; exterior with frequent slender processes which served for attachment and support; height of coral-. lum 15 mm., diameter of the base 7 mm., of the calix 18 mm., depth 5 mm., quite regularly concave; a space at the bottom flat or slightly curved ; tabule broad, extending the entire diameter of the corallum. There are 30 quite prominent thin lamelle, and between each two of these are three smaller lamelle; the large ones extend to within from 3 to 5 mm. of the center, leaving a smooth space from 6 to 10 mm. in diameter. . Formation and locality. Niagara group, Louisville, Kentucky. CYATHOPHYLLUM BULLULATUM, 7. SD. Corallum simple, turbinate, curved, acute at the base, regularly ex- _ panding to the calix; proportional height and diameter varying from 20 mm. in height and 25 mm. in diameter at the calix, to 35 mm. in height and 20 mm. in diameter ; exterior with numerous concentric wrinkles and fine striations; depth of calix 10 mm., broadly campan- ulate, a space at the bottom of 5 mm. in diameter flat or convex; number of lamellae 60, of nearly uniform thickness, alternating in length, the longer ones continuing to within 2 or 3 mm. of the center, leaving a smooth space of from 4 to 6 mm. in diameter. The inter-lamellar vesicles are very distinct, sometimes obscuring the lam- elle, the corallum closely resembling a Cystiphyllum. 3 Formation and locality. Niagara group, Perry county, Tennessee. NIAGARA GROUP. 41% HELIOPHYLLUM, Hatt. HELIOPHYLLUM GEMMIFERUM, 7. sp. Corailum simple, turbinate, usually nearly straight; increasing by calicular gemmation, the buds proceeding from the flat, marginal por- tion of the calix, and usually turning outward at a short distance from the base ; frequently 9 or 10 buds froma single corallum ; exterior with numerous concentric wrinkles and striations, and frequent processes which served for attachment and support; the proportional height and diameter of this species is variable, some individuals having a height of 40 mm. and a diameter at the calix of 10 mm., and others having a height of 30 mm. and a diameter of 30 mm.; in a calix 20 mm. in diameter the sides, for a distance of 6 mm. from the margin, are flat or gently sloping, then abruptly sloping toward the center - where there is an elevation of 5 mm. in diameter, and of nearly the - same height; number of lamelle 60, of nearly uniform size at the margin, thickened and gently rounded, becoming thinner and alter- nating below; on the sides the smaller ones coalesce with the others which continue to the center, where they are twisted and elevated. Formation and locality. Niagara group, Louisville, Kentucky. HELIOPHYLLUM PRAVUM, 2. sp. Corallum simple, elongate, turbinate, curved or tortuous, acute at the base, with frequent constrictions above, not regularly expanding to the calix ; exterior with numerous, narrow, angular annulations; height of corallum 25 mm., diameter of the calix 10 mm., depth 5 mm., some individuals having a greater proportional diameter ; calix campanulate, a flat space 5 mm.in diameter at the bottom; fossette - dextral, moderately conspicuous at the bottom, becoming obsolete be- fore reaching the margin; number of lamella 50, of uniform thick- ness, alternating in length, rounded at the margin, becoming very thin as they approach the center; the shorter lamellae continue to the flattened space at the bottom of the calix, the others to within a short distance of the center, leaving a well-defined concave space of 2 mm, in length and 1 m. in width, in continuation of the fossette ; dentic- ulations thin, prominent, 11 in the space of 5 mm. Formation and locality. Niagara group, Louisville, Kentucky. HELIOPHYLLUM DENTILINEATUM, %. Sp. Corallum simple, elongate, turbinate or sub-cylindrical, with fre- quent constrictions, not regularly expanding to the calix ; diameter of the calix 10 mm., depth 5 mm.; sides vertical, bottom slightly con- vex ; tabule broad, extending nearly the entire diameter of the coral- [Sen. Doc. No. 38. ] ee 418 THIRTY-FIFTH REPORT ON THE STATE MUSEUM. lum ; number of lamelle 60, alternating in size, the smaller ones fre- quently indicated only by an intermediate row of nodes, several of the larger ones extend entirely across the tabula at the bottom of the calix ; denticulations strong, those of the smaller lamelle and on the bottom of the calix appearing as rows of minute nodes. This species will be easily recognized by its slender, frequently constricted form, the vertical sides of the calix and the nodose lamelle extending across the bottom. Formation and locality. Niagara group, Louisville, Kentucky. | HELIOPHYLLUM MITELLUM, 7. sp. Corallum simple, small, broadly turbinate, attenuate below, quite regularly expanding to the calix; height 10 mm., diameter of the calix 15 mm., depth 5 mm., quite regularly sloping to the center ; at the bot- tom a small flat or concave, smooth space ; fossette very obscure or ob- solete ; exterior with numerous concentric wrinkles, occasionally with sharp constrictions; external striz very distinct; number of lam- elle 60, alternating in size, the smaller ones being about one-half the thickness of the others, which continue nearly to the center of the calix ; denticulations narrow, prominent, appearing as slender spinules, 14 in -the space of 5 mm.; on the sides of the lamelle the striz are rounded. Formation and locality. Niagara group, Louisville, Kentucky. HELIOPHYLLUM PUTEATUM, 2. sp. : Corallum simple, small, turbinate, curved; exterior with sharp, thin annulations and numerous concentric strive ; acute at the base, quite regularly expanding to the calix; height 12 mm., diameter of the calix 10 mm., depth 5 mm., at the center is a depression of 3 mm. in depth and 3 mm. in diameter at the top, gradually growing narrower; num- ber of lamella 70, alternating in size, the smaller ones a little less than one-half the thickness of the others, sometimes appearing only as a row of small nodes; the principal lamelle extend to the center ; den- ticulations prominent, 15 in the space of 5 mm. Formation and locality. Niagara group, Louisville, Kentucky. CYSTIPHYLLUM, Lonspatz. CYSTIPH YLLUM GRANILINEATUM, 7%. Sp. Corallum simple, turbinate, straight or slightly curved, acute at the base, regularly and quite rapidly expanding to.the calix, exterior with concentric wrinkles and numerous fine but distinct concentric striz, — NIAGARA GROUP. 419 of which there are 35 in the space of 5 mm.; external strise very dis- tinct; there are frequent slender processes serving for attachment and support; when decorticated the cysts are conspicuous ; height of coral- lum 25 mm., diameter of the calix 25 mm., depth 15 mm.; cysts prominent, varying from 1 to 2 mm. in diameter, covered by the rudi- mentary lamelle which number 120, of uniform size, extending to within 2 mm. of the center, and very finely granulated. This species has a close general resemblance to some of the shorter forms of C. niaga- rense, but the lamelle and denticulations are very much finer. Formation and locality. Niagara group, Louisville, Kentucky. CALCHKOLA, LAMARCK. 7 CALCEOLA PUSILLA, 2. Sp. Corallum simple, turbinate, more or less curved, anterior side flat ; exterior with concentric wrinkles and fine but very distinct striz; no longitudinal strie visible; height 14 mm.; outline of calix nearly semielliptical, margin crenulated; length from 10 to 12 mm., width from 7 to 8 mm., sides quite regularly sloping to the center ; cysts prominent, from 1 to 2 mm. in diameter. Commencing above the center and continuing to the anterior margin is a very prominent ridge, increasing in width as it approaches the margin. Compared with C. Tennesseensis, the specimens (14) are smaller; the proportional length is greater; the curvature is usually less; the lamelle of the anterior portion of the calix are finer; the cysts of the posterior por- tion are much more prominent, and sometimes also covering the ante- rior side; the depression below the ridge of the anterior side, so con- spicuous in that species, is obscure or entirely wanting in this one. Formation and locality, Niagara limestone, Falls of the Ohio. PETROSPONGIA. CYATHOSPONGIA, ”. 9. Body solid, turbinate, cyathiform; structure similar to astylos- pongia. CYATHOSPONGIA EXCRESCENS. Body turbinate, cyathiform, straight or slightly curved ; epithecal covering smooth or obscurely striate and transversely wrinkled with numerous radiciform processes or elongate nodes; margins of the cup oblique, thickened, marked with strong strie; cavity deep ; internal structure distinctly radiating from the apex or axis to the exterior, 420 THIRTY-FIFTH REPORT ON THE STATE MUSEUM. with transverse fibers or spicule. Height, from 40 mm. to 45 mm.; diameter about 30 mm. Specimens of this fossil bear a close resem- blance in external form and character to Azophyllum radicatum, Edwards and Haime. Localities and formation. Niagara limestone, Falls of the Ohio, and Perry county, ‘Tennessee. CORALS OF THE UPPER HELDERBERG GROUP, STREPTELASMA, Hatt. STREPTELASMA LAMELLATUM, n. sp. 7/29 71g / Corallum small, simple, turbinate, straight or slightly curved; height 40 mm.; diameter of the calix 15 mm., depth 35 mm.; number of lamelle 60, alternating in size, near the center sharp, thickening as they approach the margin and becoming broadly angu- lar ; for a space of 10 mm. from the margin they are denticulated, the denticulations extending from one lamella to another, frequently continuous and having the appearance of concentric striations; the larger lamelle continue to the center, not twisted or elevated. Formation and locality. Corniferous limestone, Canada West CUPS EARL cio. TENUE, 2. sp. PJ 20 Pig ~Corallum small, turbinate or subcylindrical, regularly curved or tortuous ; surface with numerous annulations; longitudinal strie very distinct; height about 35 mm.; diameter of calix from 10 to 15 mm.; depth from 15 to 20 mm.; number of lamelle 50, alternating in size, the larger ones extending nearly or quite to the center. Formation and locality. Corniferous limestone, Falls of the Ohio. STREPTELASMA DISSIMILE, 2. sp. P20 Fu. te sv Corallum simple, turbinate, regularly curved ; aide near the base, undulating, above with numerous sharp annulations of growth ; height of corallum 30 mm. ; depth of calix 20 mm., sides abruptly descending ; number of lamelle 70, alternating in size, the smaller ones about one-half the size of the others and becoming obsolete on the sides; near the margin the lJamelle are broad and rounded, grow- ing thinner as they approach the center, where there is sometimes a smooth space about 5 mm. in diameter, formed by the coalescing of the lamelle, very oblique and nearly parallel with the anterior por- tion of the lamelle. 422 THIRTY-FIFTH REPORT ON THE STATE MUSEUM. This species is easily recognized by the prominent alternating — rounded lamelle at the margin, and the oblique smooth space at the bottom of the calix. Formation and locality. Schoharie grit, Schoharie, N. Y. STREPTELASMA INFLATUM, n. sp. £729. Pig d. S7- Corallum simple, turbinate, straight or slightly curved, very attenu- ate below; exterior with gentle undulations and with strong longi- tudinal striae; height 40 mm.; for about one-half the height gradu- ally, then very abruptly expanding; diameter of calix 40 mm., depth 25 mm.; fossette deep, commencing at the center, 5 mm. in width, 7 mm. in length, situated on posterior side ; number of lam- © elle 80, alternating in size, rounded at the margin, becoming sharp on the sides. ‘The adjacent principal lamelle of the anterior portion of the calix coalesce as they approach the center, the lamelle thus formed again coalesce, forming fascicles of from 2 to 7 lamelle; those — of the anterior portion are not fasciculated. ‘This species bears some resemblance to the figure of Zaphrentis corticata, but the lamelle are coarser; their arrangement at the center is different, and the exter- nal characters are very different from those of that species. 3 Formation and locality. Corniferous limestone, Falls of the Ohio. STREPTELASMA SIMPLEX, 12. sp. 244, 7, B,7-F Corallum simple, turbinate, straight or slightly curved, exterior with concentric wrinkles and striz; longitudinal striz distinct ; height of corallum 30 mm., depth 20, sides regularly sloping ; fossette situated a little on one side of the center, and consisting of a deep depression not extending on the sides of the calix; number of lamellee 60, at the margin broad, rounded, of nearly uniform size, alternating below ; the principal lamelle extending to the center are twisted and elevated, forming a small false columella. In all the individuals ob- served there are no tabule. One individual having a height of nearly 40 mm., and a diameter at the calix of 35 mm., is essentially the same as this species except, that on one side of the calix is a smooth elevation extending from the center to the margin, being sharp at the center and widening as it recedes, having at the margin a width of 3 mm., but this feature is probably due to accident. Formation and locality. Corniferous limestone, near Louisville, Ky. - STREPTELASMA LATERARIUM, n. sp. 2/2¥, Fog, Hw. Corallum simple, turbinate, curved; exterior with prominent rounded annulations ; longitudinal striations fine, but very distinct ; height of corallum 40 mm.; diameter of calix, 20 mm., depth 20 UPPER HELDERBERG GROUP. 423 mm., sides abruptly descending, at the bottom a conical elevation, at the side of which is a fossette, which is a deep depression not defined on the side of the calix ; number of lamelle 20, alternating in size, thickened at the margin; sharp below, the principal ones extending to the center, twisted and coalescing, forming a false columella. Formation and locality. Corniferous limestone, Canada West. STREPTELASMA AMPLIATUM, n. sp. Plo: 7 9 Lee wv, Corallum simple, turbinate, slightly curved; walls thin ; acute at the base, regularly and rapidly expanding to the margin; length of posterior side 32 mm., of anterior side 55 mm., diametor of the calix 50 mm., depth 40 mm., sides regularly sloping toward the center where there is a prominent rounded elevation 10 mm. in diameter ; fossette situated at the sinistral margin of the elevation, consisting of a deep depression not extending on the side of the calix ; number of lamellee 90, very slightly alternating in size, at the margin, thick, flat- tened, becoming thin, sharp and more decidedly alternating in size as they approach the center. The principal lamelle continue to the center and are twisted and elevated, forming a false columella. This species may be distinguished from Zaphrentis prolifica by the more nearly uniform size of the lamellx, its more rapidly expanding form and the different character of the bottom of the calix: from Z. fre- quentata by the different form of the calix, and from both forms by the absence of tabule. Formation and locality. Corniferous limestone, Canada West. STREPTELASMA CONSPICUUM, 2. sp.¢l- 24> PG Corallum simple, turbinate, base acute, regularly expanding to the calix; exterior with rounded annulations and undulations of growth ; height 45 mm., diameter of the calix 30 mm., depth 20 mm., sides sloping abruptly ; fossette dextral, conspicuous ; number of lamellex from 80 to 90, alternating in size, the larger ones fasciculating, coalescing and continuing to the center, very much thickened and widened, often turned laterally; sometimes coalescing at the center and having the appearance of tabule. ‘This species may be easily recog- nized by the great prominence of the lamellee at the center. Formation and locality. Corniferous limestone, Falls of the Ohio. STREPTELASMA FOSSULA, n. sp. S124, Fig J Corallum simple, turbinate, curved; exterior with prominent rounded ridges of growth; calix oblique, length of posterior side of corallum 20 mm., of the anterior side 40 mm.; diameter of calix 25 mm., depth of anterior side 40 mm.; fossette consisting of a deep de- pression just anterior to the center ; number of lamelle 72, alternat- 424 THIRTY-FIFTH REPORT ON THE STaTE MUSEUM. ing ones much stronger than the others, and continuing nearly to the center of the calix, which is smooth and concave. This species most nearly resembles Zaphrentis prolifica, but the center of the calix is depressed, while that of prolifica is always more or less convex, with distinct tabule. Formation and locality. Corniferous limestone, Canada West. — STREPTELASMA CRATERIFORME, 2. sp. LL 26 Fig 6™7. Corallum simple, turbinate, curved, acute at the base, regularly ex- panding to the calix; longitudinal striz distinct, 12 in the space of 5mm.; height of corallum 40 mm.; diameter of the calix 30 mm., depth 20 mm., walls very thin ; fossette sinistral, commencing near the center and continuing to the margin, moderately conspicuous ; number of lamelle from 80 to 90, alternating in size, near the margin thickened and angular, very thin below. ‘The principal lamelle con- tinue to the center, twisting and coalescing, but’ not elevated; the margins of the lamellee are finely denticulated. The characteristics of this species are the deep calix and the thin walls. , Formation and locality. Corniferous limestone, Falls of the Ohio. STREPTELASMA INVOLUTUM, ». sp. L0,24.7%'g &. fn Corallum simple, turbinate, exterior with undulations of growth and concentric strie; longitudinal strie distinct; height of cor- allum 40 mm.; diameter of calix from 15 to 20 mm., depth 20 mm., a space at the center 4 mm. in diameter depressed; fossette situated an- teriorly; number of lamelle from 50 to 60, alternating in size, the larger ones extending to the center, twisting, coalescing and depressed. Formation and locality. Corniferous limestone, Falls of the Ohio. STREPTELASMA AEQUIDISTANS, 7. Sp. PP). 2H, Fig lord, Corallum simple, turbinate, base acute, more or less regularly ex- panding to the calix, height 30 mm.; diameter of the calix 25 mm., depth 20 mm., sides abruptly and regularly sloping to the center; fossette commencing near the center and extending about half way to the margin, number of lamelle from 90 to 100, alternating in size, at the margin,thickened and angular, becoming very thin and sharp as they approach the center. At equal distances from the fossette on each side. there are two lamelle continuing to the center; the adjacent lamella on one side converge to these ; the remaining principal lamelle continue to the center; on the sides of the lamelle rec- tangular to the margins are very fine obscure striz, and the margins are obscurely crenulated. Formation and locality. Corniferous limestone, New York. ~ UprEeR HELDERBERG GROUP. 425 STREPTELASMA MAMMIFERUM, 7%. sp. ry rn .Firg sz r/3 Corallum simple, turbinate, attenuate below, expanded on anterior side, flattened on posterior side ; exterior with annulations and gentle undulations ; longitudinal -striz, coarse, distinct; height 60 mm.; calix oval, length 45 mm., width 30, sides abruptly sloping, a conical elevation at the bottorh 10 mm. in height; number of lamelle 70, alternating in size (in some individuals this feature is much more _ prominent than in others), near the margin broad, rounded, becoming very thin as they approach the center, where they are twisted and coalescing, forming a prominent false columella, with prolonged tip. In some individuals where the internal structure can be seen there are no evidences of tabule, in others it would seem impossible that the prominent elevations are formed by the lamelle alone, probably in the larger specimens tabulz do exist. Formation and locality. Corniferous limestone, Falls of the Ohio. STREPTELASMA PAPILLATUM, n. sp. P.2#. Fo'g sors Corallum simple, turbinate, curved; exterior with gentle undula- tions and a few sharp annulations ; height of corallum 50 mm.; diam- eter of calix 35 mm., depth 25 mm., sides abruptly descending, leaving a flat or‘concave space at the bottom of the calix, 15 mm. in diameter, in the center of which is a conical elevation 5 mm. in height; number of lamelle 80, at the margin of nearly uniform size, alternating below, the principal lamelle extending to the center, twisted and elevated, forming a very much contorted false columella. This species most closely resembled S. mammiferwm, but is more abruptly expanding ; the calix is circular, not oblique; the lamelle are smaller, there are 8 or 9 in the space occupied by 6 in that species; the elevation on the bottom of the calix is not so prominent and is of a somewhat different character. Formation and locality. Corniferous limestone, Falls of the Ohio. STREPTELASMA COARCTATUM, 7. sp. Pl2#- Pig p71), Corallum simple, turbinate, curved, usually slightly compressed ; exterior with broad undulations; height 50 mm.; calix slightly oval, greatest diameter 25 mm., depth 20 mm., sides. regularly sloping to the center, an elevation at the bottom 5 mm. in height; fossette obscure or wanting; number of lamella 80, near the margin of uni- form size, thickened and rounded, on the sides alternating, becoming thin as they approach the center, the principal ones continuing to the center twisting and coalescing. ‘he elevation at the center might. be considered as due to tabule but there is:no evidence of their existence in the specimens examined. Formation and locality. Corniferous limestone, Louisville, Ky. [Sen. Doc. No. 38.] 54 426 THIRTY-FIFTH REPORT ON THE STATE MUSEUM. PTYCHOPHYLLUM, Epwarps anp Harms, Pie fy P's 2d, Yo PTYCHOPHYLLUM VERSIFORME, ”. sp. Corallum simple, turbinate, curved, sometimes tortuous, quite rapidly expanding; length usually from 40 to 60 mm.; diameter of calix trom 40 to 70 mm.; exterior with frequent sharp annulations and concentric strie ; the calix for some distance from the.margin is flat and then abruptly descending, having a depth of from 15 to 20 mm.; center of calix elevated; number of lamelle from 90 to 100, slightly alternating in size, near the margin broad and nearly flat, becoming ~ sharper as they approach the center; the stronger lamelle continuing to the center, are twisted and elevated, forming a false columella. — Formation and locality, Corniferous limestone, Falls of the Ohio. PILLS Pig ib. 7 G PYYCHOPHYLLUM STRIATUM, 7%. sp. Corallum simple, broadly turbinate ; height 35 mm.; diameter of calix 40 mm., depth 15 mm., broadly bell-shaped, an area at the bottom 15 mm. in diameter, nearly flat; number of lamelle 74 of nearly uniform size at the margin, alternating below; the sides of the lamella have very prominent, interrupted, sharp strie ; the principal lamellee continue to the center where for a space 10 mm. in diameter they are twisted and turned laterally, the striations of the lamelle forming the most conspicuous feature. Formation and locality. Corniferous limestone, Western New York. AULACOPHYLLUM, Epwarps anp Harmer. AULACOPHYLLUM CONVERGENS, 7%. sp. Pirk. Fg Gal» Corallum simple, broadly subturbinate, irregularly curved; exterior comparatively smooth, with concentric wrinkles and striations ; longi- tudinal striz, fine, distinct ; individuals of the same height have a diameter at the calix varying from 25 to 45 mm.; height of one indi- vidual 10 mm., length of posterior side 12 mm., of anterior side 25 mm.; diameter of the.calix 20 mm., for a space of 5 mm. from the margin flat, then the posterior portion nearly vertical, the anterior portion concave ; fossette narrow, deep, extending from the bottom of the calix to the anterior margin; number of lamelle varying from 80 to 120, according to the diameter of the calix, alternating in size, thin, denticulated ; convergence of lamellee to the fossette very distinct. Formation and localities. Corniferous limestone, Falls of the Ohio and Clark Co., Ind, Upper HELDERBERG GROUP. 427 AULACOPHYLLUM PRATERIFORME, 7. sp. Pi 27. ays x) Carallum simple, turbinate, curved; exterior with concentric wrinkles and striations, and occasional constrictions; height of cor- allum 30 mm., length of anterior side 50 mm., of posterior side 35 mm.; diameter of the calix 45 mm., depth 20 mm., quite regularly concave, bottom of the calix a little posterior to the center; fossette _narrow extending from the center to the anterior margin ; number of lamelles 110, alternating in size, about 16 of the larger lamelle converge to the fossette, the remainder continue to the bottom of the calix, where they are slightly twisted, not elevated. In general appearance this species is similar to A. convergens, but the anterior and posterior sides are more nearly equal in length, the deepest part of the calix is nearly central, while in that species it is posterior; the converging of the Jamellee to the fossette is much less distinct. Formation and locality. Corniferous limestone, Falls of the Ohio. AULACOPHYLLUM PINNATUM, 2. sp. PL, ¢27. Fig 49.10, Corallum simple, turbinate, exterior with undulations of growth ; longitudinal striations distinct ; height 35 mm.; diameter of calix 30 mm., depth 25 mm., sides “alae sloping ; a narrow deep fossette extends from the bottom to the anterior margin; number of lamelle from 80 to 90, alternating in size, the larger ones only reaching the fossette and the bottom of the cup, near the margin, thickened, sub- angular, becoming thinner on the sides ; convergence of the lamelle to the fossette very distinct; there are two rudimentary lateral fos- settes and a Jess conspicuous one on posterior side. Formation and locality. Corniferous limestone, Falls of the Ohio. AULACOPHYLLUM PRINCEPS, 7. sp.) a7, Pig 1.22 Corallum simple, turbinate, regularly curved ; exterior wi i ee ous irregular undulations of growth, concentric wrinkles and striations; longitudinal striz, fine and very distinct ; height of adult individuals from 70 to 100 mm.; diameter of calix from 40 to 50 mm., depth 30 mm.; calix sometimes oval or subquadrangular, sides abruptly de- scending, leaving a broad flat, or elevated space, at the bottom ; fossette commencing anteriorly to the center, not continuing to the margin; number of lamelle from 160 to 180, at the margin of nearly uniform size, on the sides the alternate lamelle are much larger than the others; about two-thirds of the lamell& converge to the fossette or to a line in continuation of it, the remainder toward the center of the calix ; near. the center the lamelle are thickened and twisted. From A. sulcatum it is easily distinguished by the greater number of and thinner lamellee. | Formation and localities. Corniferous limestone, New York and Falls of the Ohio. 428 THIRTY-FIFTH REPORT ON THE STATE MUSEUM. se CRUCIFORME, %. Sp; Corallum simple, turbinaté, regularly curved, length of posterior side 25 mm., of anterior side 60 mm.; calix oblique, slightly oval, length 40 mm., width 35 mm., quite regularly concave; fossette com- mencing just posterior to the center and for the space of 10 mm. very deep and pyriform, narrowing and continuing to the anterior margin; number of lamelle 140, at the margin of nearly uniform size, alternating below; the larger lamelle, with the exception of those which converge to the fossette, continue to within 8 mm. of the center of the calix, leaving a convex space 16 mm. in diameter nearly smooth ; at the junction of the posterior and anterior lamelle are two rudimentary fossettes, at right angles to the principal one. ‘This species is distinguished from A. undulatum by the conspicuous pyriform fossette, the smooth space at the bottom of the calix and the more conspicuous lateral fossettes. Formation and locality. Corniferous limestone, Falls of the Ohio. AULACO PHYLLUM PRACIPTUM, 7. sp. day Fog & Corallum simple, turbinate, straight or slightly curved; exterior with strong annulations, concentric wrinkles and fine striz; longi- tudinal strie fine, distinct; height of corallum 50 mm.; diameter of the calix 40 mm., depth 30 mm., sides regularly sloping to the ceuter; the calix having the form of an inverted cone; principal fossette nar- row, extending from the center nearly to the margin; number of lamelle 120, of nearly uniform size at the margin, alternating below; There are two rudimentary fossettes, at right angles to the principal one; the lamelle of the posterior side converge to the principal fossette, a few to the rudimentary fossettes, the remaining larger lamelle con- tinue to the center of the calix. Formation and locality. Corniferous limestone, Falls of the Ohio. AULACOPHYLLUM REFLEXUM. 1. sp.) 27, Fg Ar Corallum simple, elongate, turbinate; exterior comparatively smooth ; height 40 mm., diameter of the calix from 20 to 25 mm., depth 15 mm., sides nearly vertical ; fossette conspicuous, extending from the center to the margin ; number of lamellee 80, alternating in size, the smaller ones being about one-third the thickness of the others and extending but a short distance from the margin ; a portion of the larger lamelle converge to the fossette, and their extremities on the side of the fossette are turned backward; the lamelle opposite the fos- sette extend beyond the center to the bottom of the fossette ; the re- maining lamelle do not reach the center of the calix, their extremi- ties forming a line at right angles to the fossette. There are two rudimentary lateral fossettes. | Formation and locality. Corniferous limestone, Falls of the Ohio. Upper HELDERBERG GROUP. 429 AULACOPHYLLUM TRIPINNATUM, 2. sp. £12774 W12. Corallum simple, turbinate, short, some individuals gradually, others rapidly expanding; diameter of calix 20 mm.; number of lam- elles 80, alternate ones much larger than the others ; their arrangement is as follows, on the posterior side is one lamella extending from the margin to the bottom of the cup, a little to one side of the center, those adjacent it on the left side converge to it, those on the right side are parallel with it ; on the right side is a deep fossette, on the left side a less conspicuous one, a sharp depression connecting the two; the lamelle converging to the fossettes and connecting depression, not reaching the center of the calix; anterior to the depression is an oblique space 10 mm. wide and of about the same height, essentially smooth, formed by the coalescing of the lamelle. : Formation and locality. Corniferous limestone, Falls of the Ohio. y AULACOPHYLLUM TRISCULACTUM, 1. sp. P/2¢. Py 7.8. Corallum turbinate, irregularly expanding, exterior with numerous constrictions caused by intermittment growth ; internal coste sharp, prominent ; height of corallum 40 mm.; calix 35 mm. in diameter, sub- quadrangular in outline,depth 20 mm., sides abruptly sloping to the cen- ter. There are three fossettes,one wide and deep extending from the cen- ter of the calix to the anterior margin, the others, not so strong, but still conspicuous, are situated at right angles to the principal one ; lamelle about 112, alternate ones much larger than the others, very sharp and prominent, converging to the fossettes, and on the posterior side to a line in continuation of the principal fossette ; a few reach the center of the calix and are there twisted and elevated forming a false columella. Formation and locality. Corniferous limestone, Falls of the Ohio. AULACOPHYLLUM POCULUM, 7. sp. PI27. Fg 14, 14 IS7 Corallum simple, subcylindrical, short, attached portion of the base large, frequently equal to the diameter of the corallum ; height of coral- | lum 20 mm.; diameter of calix 20 mm., depth from 8 to 12 mm., sides sloping abruptly, leaving at the bottom a concave space 3 mm. wide ; fossette situated posteriorly, extending from concave space at the bottom of the calix to the margin ; number of lamellz from 80 to 90, alternating in size, the smaller ones scarcely more than rudiment- ary. The lamelle near the fossette converge to it, the others to the center, a few extending upon the concave tabula and coalescing with it. Formation and locality. Corniferous limestone, Falls of the Ohio. AULACOPHYLLUM BILATERALE, 7. sp. P/2 yi 8 e 8 Corallum simple, turbinate, subquadrilateral, straight or slightly curved, the attached portion usually broad, sometimes equal to the : ; , ; A ® 430 THIRTY-FIFTH REPORT ON THE STATE MUSEUM. diameter of the calix ; height 50 mm.; diameter of the calix 30 mm., depth 20 mm. There are two fossettes, one slightly more conspicuous than the other, a depression continuing through the bottom of the calix connecting the two, and forming a continuous depression from one margin to the other; number of lamelle from 100 to 120, alter- nating in size; near the bottom of the cup twisted and frequently coalescing. Formation and locality. Corniferous limestone, Falls of the Ohio. | ZAPHRENTIS, RAFINESQUE. RP) 72%§ Co adic rf ; ae ZAPHRENTIS INEQUALIS, . sp.’ , wlayen River 9 2 Corallum simple, turbinate, acute at the base, regularly expauding to the margin ; exterior comparatively smooth; height 20 mm.; dia- meter of the calix 20 mm., depth 20 mm., sides quite regularly slop- ing to the center, a space at the bottom 8 mm. in diameter, flat or slightly convex ; fossette commencing posterior to the center and con- tinuing to the anterior margin, at first an oval depression 4 mm. in length and two in width, abruptly narrowing and becoming deep, dy- ing out as it approaches the margin ; number of lamelle 60, alternat- ing in size, the smaller ones about one-third the thickness of the others; near the margin thickened, angular, becoming thin on the sides ; the principal lamelle extend to the margin of the fossette at the center. Formation and locality. Corniferous limestone, Falls of the Ohio. ZAPHRENTIS COMPLANATA, 7. sp. £1 by Fig ff: Corallum simple, compressed, turbinate, rapidly expanding; calix oval, oblique; height of corallum 80 mm.; greatest diameter of calix 60 mm., depth on anterior side 50 mm., a space at the bottom 20 mm. in diameter, elevated, conical; tabule large, numerous, at: the center conical, the outward portion quite abruptly turning downward ; lamelle at the margin 6 in the space of 10 mm., alternating in size, broadly rounded, becoming thin as they approach the center, the principal ones continuing to the center, thickened, twisted and coa- lescing with the tabule, forming a false columella. This species most closely resembles Streptelasma mammiferum, but may be distinguished from that species by its conspicuous tabule, the different character of the bottom of the calix, and its, proportionally, much greater depth. Formation and locality. Corniferous limestone, near Leroy, New York. UPPER HELDERBERG GROUP. 431 ZAPHRENTIS CYATHIFORMIS, n. sp, P28. Pre 2x30. Corallum simple, turbinate, straight or curved, exterior with gentle undulations, comparatively smooth; longitudinal striations distinct ;. height of corallum 50 mm., base attenuate; diameter of calix 25 mm., depth 20 mm., sides abruptly descending, a space at the bottom flat, 15 mm. in diameter; fossette extending from flat space to sinistral mar- gin; number of lamelle 80, alternating in size, near the margin thick- ened, becoming sharp on the sides. Formation and locality. Corniferous limestone, Falls of the Ohio. ; | ZAPHRENTIS PONDEROSA, 12. Sp. P) 2.8, Fig tt, Corallum simple, turbinate, curved and oblique, exterior with strong rounded ridges, longitudinal striations obscure ; height of corallum 100 mm.; diameter of calix 45 mm., depth 35 mm., with a rounded elevation of 15 mm. in diameter at the bottom; number of lamellae 90, of nearly uniform size, thickened and rounded at the margin, alter- nating below and becoming thin and sharp as they approach the cen- ter. A portion of the lamella extend to the center, twisting and coa- lescing with the elevated portion of the tabule. Formation and locality. Corniferous limestone, Falls of the Ohio. ZAPHRENTIS TABULATA, 2. Sp. Plz, Ptq 3v.th. Corallum simple, cylindrical, elongate, in a fragment 17 centimetres long there is no increase in the diameter ; exterior with abruptly rounded annulations situated at quite regular distances apart, 9 or 10 in the space of five mm.; tabule numerous, strong, extending nearly to the epitheca, central portion depressed, margins bending downward ; diameter of calix 30 mm., a space at the center 10 mm. in diameter depressed, smooth; number of lamelle from 80 to 90, the larger ones extending to the smooth space at the center. This species is easily dis- tinguished by its elongated cylindrical form and its regularly annu- lated exterior, which closely resembles an Orthoceras. Formation and locality. Corniferous limestone, Falkirk, Erie Co., . Ve OY ZAPHRENTIS CORRUGATA, n. sp.2/ 26, Pg s7rZ Corallum simple, turbinate, curved ; exterior with numerous an- gular ridges of growth ; longitudinal striz fine, very prominent, on the ridges frequently appearing as nodes; height of corallum 40 mm.; dia- meter of calix 20 mm., depth 15 mm., sides nearly vertical, leaving a flat space at the bottom 12 mm. in diameter ; number of lamelle 70, alternating in size, the smaller ones about one-third the thickness of the others, which extend on the flat space at the bottom, coalescing 432 THIRTY-FIFTH REPORT ON THE STATE MUSEUM. with the tabule and becoming obsolete, leaving a space at the center 5 mm. in diameter, which is smooth, or with the striz very faintly in- dicated; fossette distinct extending frou flat space at the bottom of calix to the exterior margin. Formation and locality. ANTES sek Albany county, N. Y. ZAPHRENTIS SUBCOMPRESSA, 7. sp.t/2°.Foy eae Corallum simple, turbinate, curved, somewhat flattened ; exterior with numerous sharp annulations of growth; height of corallum 40 mm.; calix 30 mm.in diameter, broadly oval, depth 15 mm.,, sides abruptly descending, a slightly convex space at the bottom 15 mm. in diameter ; fossette commencing a short distance from the center, and _ extending about half-way to the anterior margin; lamelle about 60 of nearly uniform size at the margin ; thickened and subangular on the sides, becoming thinner and alternating in size below; the principal lamellae extend to within 4 mm. of the center, for the last 3 mm. be- coming thickened ; the central portion of the cup consists of a smooth flat space 8 mm. in diameter. This species somewhat resembles Z. corru- gata, but the lamelle are much thicker at the margin of the cup, and _of more nearly uniform size ; the central portion of the calix is smooth © and the lamelle are much thickened as they approach this area. Formation and locality. Corniferous limestone. Falls of the Ohio. ZAPHRENTIS CoLuertt, n. sp. P/ 29, Fig $¥E. Corallum simple, turbinate, curved, near the base and for some dis- tance above usually compressed ; calix circular; exterior with strong rounded ridges of growth, longitudinal striz prominent ; length of the posterior side of an adult specimen 40 mm., of the anterior side 70 mm.; diameter of the calix, 45 mm., sides gradually sloping, a space at the bottom, 10 mm. in diameter, very slightly elevated, smooth, or rugose from the contorted lamelle ; number of lamelle from 70 to 80, of nearly uniform size at the margin, alternating below, the principal ones extending to the elevated space at the bottom. In different indi- viduals there is considerable variation in the appearance of the lamel- lee, in several the smaller lamellz coalesce with the larger, forming lamellee with thick rounded margins which continue in that condition to the bottom of the calix. In others they are of nearly uniform size — at the margin, alternate ones becoming obsolete on the sides, leaving the principal lamelle sharp. In others, on the posterior side, all-the lamelle extend to the flattened space at the bottom of the calix, that side having a much finer appearance than the other. Formation and locality. Corniferous limestone. Orab Orchard, Kentucky. 7 UPppER HELDERBERG GROUP. 433 ZAPHRENTIS PLANIMA, 2. sp. fi ah F's 7:28. Corallum simple, turbinate, straight; exterior with undulations of growth; height of corallum 60 mm.; diameter of calix 30 mm., depth 15 mm., sides nearly vertical, a space at the bottom 15 mm. in diam- eter, flat and smooth; the fossette consists of a deep depression at the anterior margin of the flat space; number of lamelle from 85 to 90, of nearly uniform thickness, alternating in length, the principal ones faintly indicated on the outer portion of the flat space, sometimes con- tinuing to the center. In one individual the bottom of the cup is marked by a ridge in continuation of the fossette. Formation and locality. Corniferous limestone. Falls of the Ohio. ZAPHRENTIS FUSIFORMIS, 7. sp.d22 if Fry IND-0 Corallum simple, turbinate, very slightly curved, a little com- pressed, upper portion generally constricted ; exterior with slight un- dulations of growth ; height 20 mm., diameter at 10 mm. from the base 12 mm.; diameter of the calix 8 mm., depth 5 mm., at the bottom a slightly concave space 3 mm. in diameter; fossette narrow, conspicu- ous, commencing a short distance from the center and continuing to the anterior margin ; number of lamelle 60, alternating in size, the smaller ones scarcely more than rudimentary, the principal ones ex- tending to the concave space at the bottom of the calix and abruptly ending. ‘This species is easily recognized by its small size, constricted calix arid peculiar appearance of the center. Formation and locality. Corniferous limestone. Near Louisville, Kentucky. - ZAPHRENTIS OVALIS, 22. Sp. Corallum simple, turbinate, straight or curved, slightly compressed ; exterior with numerous constrictions caused by intermittent growth ; | height 50 mm.; diameter of calix 25 mm,, depth 10 mm., sides nearly _yertical, a flat space at the bottom 15 mm. in diameter; fossette con- sisting of a deep depression at the dextral margin of the flattened area at the bottom of the calix; number of lamelle 75, of uniform size, extending a short distance upon and coalescing with the tabule, becoming obsolete and leaving a nearly flat smooth space 13 mm. in diameter. It is possible, though not observed in the individuals ex- amined, that at the margin of the cup there are small rudimentary lamellee, in that case the number of lamellae would be double that given above. | _ Formation and locality. Corniferous limestone. Falls of the Ohic. [Sen. Doce. No. 38.] 55 434 THIRTY-FIFTH REPORT ON THE STATE MUSEUM. _¥\ ZAPHRENTIS SPISSA, 7. Sp. Corallum simple, abruptly turbinate, straight or slightly curved, height of corallum 70 mm.; diameter of calix 50 mm., sides quite ~ regularly concave ; number A lameilee 110, of eaeoen thickness, alternating in length, the principal ones extending to the center, fasci- culating, coalescing and twisting, presenting a very irregular appear- ance ; fossette conspicuous, commencing a short distance from the center and extending to the anterior margin. Formation and locality. Corniferous limestone. Falls of the Ohio. ZAPHRENTIS TORTA, 2. Sp. Corallum simple, elongate turbinate, straight or slightly curved; exterior with concentric wrinkles and striz, and occasional ean annulations $ Jongitudinal strive distinct ; height of corallum 60 mm.; diameter oe ole 30 mm., depth 25 ibis sides abrupt. ‘The babies for a space of 5 mm. are Sones flat, ie elevated about 5 mm., con- tinuing for ashort distance and then curving downwards ; number of lamelle 75, alternating in size, the smaller ones being about one- half the thickness of the others; the principal ones extend to the center of the tabule, fasiculating and very much twisted ; the sides of the lamellae have moderately strong longitudinal striations; fossette extending from the center of the calix to the margin, position variable. Formation and locality. Corniferous limestone. Falls of the Ohio. ZAPHRENTIS FASTIGATA, 7. Sp. Corallum simple, turbinate, attenuate below, straight or slightly curved, usually compressed ; longitudinal striz distinct; height 60 -mm.; calix oblique, diameter 25 mm.; fossette sinistral, extending from near the center about half way to the margin ; number of lam- elle 75, alternating in size, the smaller ones being not more than one- sixth the thickness of the others; the principal lamelle extend to the center of the calix coalescing, fasciculating and twisting. This species . may be distinguished by its slightly compressed, nearly straight form and great difference in the size of alternate lamellee. Formation and locality. Corniferous limestone, New York. ZAPHRENTIS TRISUTURA, 2. Sp. Corallum simple, turbinate, quadrilateral, straight or slighly curved ; longitudinal striz conspicuous; height 50 mm.; diameter of calix 35 mm., sides nearly vertical or slightly convex, space at the bottom 25 mm. in diameter; fossette consisting of a deep depression at the sinis- tral margin of the tabule; number of lamelle 70, alternating in size, on the sides of the cup very thin and sharp, adjacent lamellee coalescing UprER HELDERBERG GROUP. 435 and fasciculating, the lamelle thus formed again fasciculating and extending to the center, where they are twisted and elevated into a comparatively sharp crest. ‘The quadrilateral form, convex tabula, deep fossette and fasciculated lamelle are characteristics by which this species may be easily distinguished. Formation and locality. Corniferous limestone, Falls of the Ohio. ZAPHRENTIS PROFUNDA, 2. Sp. Corallum simple, elongate turbinate, curved ; exterior with numer- ous annulations; external striz fine, distinct; height of corallum “0 mm.; diameter of the calix 25 to 35 mm., depth 25 to 40 mm.; there is usually a flat space at the bottom of the calix from one- half to three-fourths the diameter of the corallum at that point, but this feature is sometimes obsolete ; number of lamellz from 100 to - 110, alternating in size, thickened at the margin, thin and sharp below the principal lamelle extending to within 5 mm. of the center, coalescing with the tabule and leaving a smooth, nearly flat, space of 10 mm. in diameter. The proportional length and diameter is variable, individ- uals having calices of the same diameter varying in length from 35 to 80 mm. ' Formation and locality. Corniferous limestone, Falls of the Ohio. ZAPHRENTIS NITIDA, 2. Sp. Corallum simple, elongate turbinate, straight or slightly curved, ex- terior with numerous quite sharp annulations and constrictions caused by intermittent growth; external strie very distinct; height of coral- lum 80 mm.; diameter of the calix 35 mm., depth 20 mm., somewhat campanulate, a space at the bottom from 10 to 15mm. in diameter smooth, nearly flat; fossette consisting of a deep pit, its continuation extending on the sides but becoming obsolete before reaching the margin of the calix; number of lamelle from 75 to 90, of nearly uni- form size, thickened and rounded at the margin, becoming thin and alternating below; the principal lamelle extend a short distance on the tabule, Sioa with it, not twisted. This species most closely resembles Z. profunda, but is a more solid form and the calix is not so deep. Formation and locality. Corniferous limestone, Falls of the Ohio. ZAPHRENTIS FREQUENTATA, 2. Sp. Corallum simple, turbinate, curved; diameter of the calix 35 mm., depth 30 mm., the bottom of the cup formed by the tabule is convex, about 20 mm. in diameter; the fossette consists of a deep depression near the dextral margin of the tabule, not extending on the side of » the calix; number of lamelle from 90 to 100, alternating in size, the 436 THIRTY-FIFTH REPORT ON THE STATE MUSEUM. alternation being more distinct on the sides than near the margin, where they are thickened and rounded, becoming thin as they approach the center; the adjacent principal lamelle fasciculate, the lamelle thus formed, again fasciculating, coalescing and extending to the cen- ter, where they are slightly twisted. The tabule are elevated at the center as in the genus CLISIOPHYLLUM, but as all the other characters are those of ZAPHRENTIS the mere elevation of the center of the tab- ule could make no generic difference. | Formation and locality. Corniferous limestone, Falls of the Ohio. ZAPHRENTIS DUPLICATA, 2. Sp. Corallum simple, turbinate, attenuate below, straight or slightly curved, exterior with low rounded ridges of growth; external strie fine, distinct ; height of corallum 45 mm.; diameter of the calix 30 mm., depth 15 mm., sides nearly vertical, a flat space at the bot- tom 20 mm. in diameter; fossette deep, narrow, commencing near the center and extending to the anterior margin; number of lamellee 110 near the margin of the cup thickened and rounded, all the lamelle extending a short distance on the flattened space at the bottom ; alter- nate lamelle coalesce with the others, the lamelle thus formed fascic- ulate and coalesce, continuing to the center, where they appear as low tortuous ridges; the tabule at the center are elevated, the outer portion bending downwards. This species can be distinguished from Z. frequentata by its finer lamelle, which are thickened and coalescing at the center, and the narrow fossette. Formation and locality. Corniferous limestone, Falls of the Ohio. ZAPHRENTIS SENTOSA, 2. Sp. Corallum simple, elongate turbinate or sub-cylindrical, very grad- ually increasing in diameter; fragments occur 30 mm. long of a nearly uniform diameter of 10 mm.; exterior with fine, distinct, rounded, concentric striz and annulations, at quite regular distances apart; external strize broad, prominent, each representing two lamelle: on the annulations, corresponding in number to the longitudinal strie, are curved spines,turning upwards; having at the basea diameter of 75 mm., length 3 mm., 4 or 5 in the space of 5mm. ‘Though there are numer- ous specimens of this species no perfect calix has yet been observed. This species may be distinguished from Z. nodulosa as follows: The spinules or conical nodes of that species occur only near the base, the ordinary forms expand quite rapidly, while in this species the increase in diameter is very gradual, the spines are more prominent and ex- _ tend the whole length of the corallum. Formation and locality. Corniferous limestone, Canada West. UprER HELDERBERG GROUP. 434 ZAPHRENTIS CALCARIFORMIS, 2. Sp. Corallum simple, narrowly turbinate, regularly curved ; diameter of calices of individuals of the same height varying from 10 to 15 mm.; exterior with frequent undulations and low rounded annulations ; height 25 mm.; fossette narrow, very deep, commencing at the center and continuing to the posterior margin; the lamelle extending to its margin coalescing and forming vertical walls; number of lamelle 50, alternating in size ; at adistance of 2 mm. from the margin the smaller lamellee coalesce with the others. ‘This species is easily distinguished by the deep, narrow fossette situated on the anterior side, and the reg- ular coalescing of the lamelle at a short distance from its margin. Formation and locality. Corniferous limestone, Falls of the Ohio. ‘ZAPHRENTIS CONSTRICTA, 2. Sp. Corallum simple, turbinate, straight or slightly curved; exterior with frequent, sharp, narrow constrictions, giving to the corallum an invagi- nated appearance; external strize very fine, distinct; height of coral- um 50 mm., diameter of calix 35 mm., depth 20 mm., sides nearly ver- tical, tabula forming the floor of the calix, slightly convex, 20 mm. in diameter ; fossette consisting of a deep depression at the dextral mar- gin of the tabule, not extending on the sides of the calix ; number of lamelle 170, alternating in size, the smaller ones merely rudimentary, becoming obsolete at a very short distance below the margin; at equal distances from the fossette, on each side, are two lamelle extending from the margin to the center, the adjacent lamelle on each side converging to them; with this exception the lamelle extend upon the flattened space at the bottom of the cup, many of them continuing to the center, coalescing and forming a narrow, curving crest. This species may be distinguished by the very fine lamelle at the margin. - Formation and locality. Corniferous limestone, near Louisville, Kentucky- ZAPHRENTIS ANNULATA, 2. Sp. Corallum simple, elongate turbinate, sometimes gradually and reg- ularly, at other times abruply curving, so that one portion is at right angles to the other; exterior with strong annulations, which are fre- quently at quite regular distances apart, and numerous moderately strong concentric striz ; tabule usually flat, curving downward toward the margin, extending nearly the entire diameter of the corallum ; number of lamelle 120, the smaller ones rudimentary. Formation and localities. Corniferous limestone, Falls of the Ohio and Charlestown, Indiana. 438 THIRTY-FIFTH REPORT ON THE STATE MUSEUM. ZAPHRENTIS KNAPPI, 7. sp. Corallum simple, sub-cylindrical, small, the attached portion broad, expanding only on one side of the apex, and giving to the corallum a very oblique growth ; diameter essentially uniform throughout the entire length ; exterior with numerous oblique wrinkles and annula- tions ; longitudinal striations somewhat obscure; when decorticated, the internal striz are broad and smooth, 7 in the space of 10 mm.; height of corallum 35 mm.; diameter of calix 15 mm.; number of lamelle 25 to 30, of uniform size, extending nearly to the center, leaving a smooth, flat space 5 mm. in diameter. The great expansion on one side of the apex, the very oblique annulations and few lamellee of this species are characteristics by which it is easily distinguished. Formation and locality, Corniferous limestone, Charlestown, Indiana. ZAPHRENTIS FOLIATA, 2. Sp. Corallum simple, elongate turbinate, curved; surface with frequent narrow annulations and occasional constrictions; external stria- tions distinct; height of corallum 70 mm., diameter of the calix 25 mm., depth 20 mm.; lamelle about 70, of nearly uniform size, and thickened at the margins, alternating and thin below; the principal lamellee fasciculate and extend to within a short distance of the cen- ter, leaving a smooth, concave space 3 mm. in diameter. In a trans- verse section the corallum appears as if composed of numerous thin, invaginated lamine, in that respect resembling Cyathophyllum exfolia- twm, but that species is much stronger and coarser in appearance. Formation and locality. “Corniferous limestone, Falls of the Ohio. a yet “hophe lune ZAPHRENTIS INCLINATA, 1. sp.7 ou gus is!) bone eera har Corallum simple, turbinate, straight or curved; in décor eel ot & specimens the internal striz are ali and prominent; attached por- ““/# tion broad ; height, of corallum 50 mm.; diameter of the calix 25 mm.,a #** space at hie bottom 10 mm. in duneaiee slightly convex and very oblique to the axis of the corallum; number of lamelle from 80 to 90, alternating in size, the smaller ones extending a short distance on the sides, the principal ones extending to the center, contorted and coalesc- ing with the oblique tabule; fossette commencing a short distance from the center and continuing to the anterior margin. Formation and locality. Corniferous limestone, Falls of the Ohio. ZAPHRENTIS IRREGULARIS, 2. sp. Corallum simple, irregularly turbinate, straight or slighty curved ; exterior with frequent prominent annulations and fine concentric UPPER HELDERBERG GROUP. 439 strie ; external strix fine, distinct. At irregular intervals are rows of spines having a diameter at the base of 1 m. and a length of from 2 to 3 mm., about 4 in the space of 5 mm.; number of lamelle 90, alternating in size. This species may be distinguished by its promi- nent, irregular, annulations and the concentric rows of spines. Formation and locality. Corniferous limestone, Charlestown, Indiana. ZAPHRENTIS CONCAVA, 2. SD. Corallum simple, turbinate, regularly curved ; height 25 mm.; diam- eter of the calix 20 mm., depth 10 mm., the sides of the calix quite abruptly descending to within 4 mm. of the center, where there is a narrow elevation surrounding an abrupt concavity of 5 mm. in diam- eter; fossette narrow, deep, indenting the margin of the concave space and extending to the anterior margin of the calix ; number of lamelle 70, alternating in size, a few extending to the center ; tabulez concave in the center, outer portion bending abruptly downward, intermediate portion convex. Formation and locality. Corniferous limestone, Falis of the Ohio. ZAPHRENTIS HERZERI, 7. sp.da Jo. Pig 4718. Corallum simple, turbinate, straight or curved; frequently, and especially in young individuals, the anterior side is flattened; base acute, quite regularly expanding to the calix ; exterior with numerous rounded annulations and concentric strie; external strix, in all the individuals observed obscure; sometimes attaining a height of 40 mm., but usually 30 mm.; diameter of the calix from 15 to 20 mm., depth from 10 to 15 mm., more or less oval, usually flattened near the margin, then abruptly sloping to the center; fossette narrow, extend- ing from the center nearly to the anterior margin; number of lamellz from 60 to 70, alternating in size, the smaller ones not more than 5 mm. in length, the others extending to the center of the cup, not twisted or elevated. ‘This species has been included with Heliophyllum exiguum by Dr. C. Rominger, Geological Survey of Michigan, but the form isentirely different and there are no traces of heliophylloid struc- ture; from Z. ungula it may be distinguished by its less compressed form, and the entirely different character of the center of the calix. Formation and locality. Corniferous limestone, Louisville, Ken- tucky. ZAPHRENTIS CURVATA, 7. Sp. Corallum simple, turbinate, curved, base acute, regularly ex- panding to the calix; exterior with numerous sharp annulations of growth and concentric striz; external strie distinct, 12 in the 440 THIRTY-FIFTH REPORT ON THE STATE MUSEUM. space of 10 mm.; height of corallum 40 mm., diameter of the calix 60 mm., depth 10 mm., ‘sides nearly vertical, bottom flat, 15 mm. in diameter; fossette narrow, not extending to the margin, position variable; number of lamelle from 60 to 70, alternating in size, more nearly uniform at the margin than below. ‘The smaller lamelle are 5 mm. in length, the others from that point are much more conspicuous than above, usually extending to within 5 mm. of the center, leaving a flat, smooth space of 10 mm. in diameter, but sometimes extending on the tabule, coalescing with it, and occasionally a few continuing to the center. Formation and locality. Corniferous limestone, Crab Orchard, Kentucky. ZAPHRENTIS GRAVIS, 2. Sp. Corallum simple, turbinate, regularly curved or tortuous, gradually expanding; exterior with numerous sharp annulations and constric- tions, caused by intermittent growth; external striz very distinct, from 8 to 10 in the space of 10 mm., when decorticated presenting an invaginated, somewhat cystose appearance; height of corallum 70 mm., diameter of the calix 40 mm. Of the numerous individuals ob- seryed, the sides of the calix are broken so that its true form cannot be ascer tained ; number of lamelle from 60 to 70, alternating in size, the larger ones ais extending to within 5 mm. of the center, leaving a flat, smooth space of 10 mm. in diameter ; occasionally a few extend to the center but arenot prominent; tabule broad. This species most closely resembles Z. curvata, but is much more solid, and the lamelle, as they approach the flat space at the bottom of the calix, are not so prominent. Formation and locality. Corniferous limestone, Crab Orchard, Kentucky. ZAPHRENTIS TRANSVERSA, 2. SP. Corallum simple, turbinate, curved, attached portion broad, not reg- ularly expanding to the calix; decorticated specimens have numerous sharp annulations caused by intermittent growth, but not presenting an invaginated appearance; height of corallum 50 mm., diameter at the base 15 mm.; calix somewhat campanulate, diameter 30 mm., depth 15mm. There are two narrow fossettes situated opposite each other (one more conspicuous than the other), commencing near the center and continuing to the margins; number of lamelle from 75. to 90, alternating in size, about 5 of the principal lamelle extend across _ the bottom of the calix, connecting with those of the opposite side, generally at right angles to the fossette, though sometimes oblique ; the lamellee situated between these coalesce with them a short distance from the center, the remaining larger lamelle converge toward the UprpER HELDERBERG GROUP. 44] center, extending to those crossing the bottom, their extremities coalescing’ and curving. This species is very characteristic and*is easily distinguished from any other. Formation and locality. Corniferous limestone, Falls of the Ohio. ZAPHRENTIS ELEGANS, 7. sp. Corallum simple, turbinate, usually slightly compressed, acute at the base, regularly expanding to the calix; exterior with concentric wrinkles and undulations, external striz distinct, 14 in the space of 10 mm.; when decorticated the internal striz are usually broad, equal to one-half the number of the lamelle ; corallum usually about 70 mm. in height, diameter of the calix 30 mm., depth 20 mm., sides abrupt, an oval space at the bottom smooth or with the lamellx faintly indicated ; fossette usually dextral, consisting of a deep, elongate depression at the bottom of the cup, but faintly indicated on the sides; number of lamelle from 80 to 90, alternating in size, thickened and sub-angular at the margin, becoming very thin and fragile below. ‘This species may be distinguished from Z. profwnda by its compressed form, shal- lower calix and finer lamelle ; from Z. nitida by its compressed form, narrower flattened space at the bottom of the calix and somewhat finer lamelle. Formation and locality. Corniferous limestone, Falls of the Ohio. ZAPHRENTIS CONVOLUTA, %. Sp. Corallum simple, turbinate, straight or regularly curved, acute at the base, regularly expanding to the calix, slightly compressed, oblique; decorticated specimens presenting a somewhat smooth appearance ; internal striz not prominent ; height of corallum 70 mm.; diameter of calix 40 mm., depth 25 mm., a space at the center 12 mm. in diameter flat and smooth; number of lamelle 100, alternating in size, the smaller ones about 15 mm. long; usually from 2 to 4 adjacent prin- cipal lamellz coalesce and fasciculate, becoming twisted and extending to within 6 mm. of the center; fossette obscure or obsolete. This _ species may be recognized by the conspicuous coalescing and fascicu- lating of the lamelle and their decided twisted appearance after coal- escing. Formation and locality. Corniferous limestone, Falls of the Ohio, ZAPHRENTIS CONTORTA, 7%. sp. Corallum simple, turbinate, slightly and regularly curved ; exterior quite smooth when decorticated; internal striz fine and distinct, 14 in the space of 10 mm.; height of corallum 30 mm.; diameter of the calix 25 mm.; fossette sinistral, at the bottom deep, pyriform, narrower and less conspicuous on the sides; number of lamelle from 90 to 100, alter- [Sen. Doc. No. 38. ] 56 442 THIRTY-FIFTH REPORT ON THE STATE MUSEUM. hating in size, smaller ones short, frequently coalescing with the others, which fasciculate, coalesce and extend to the centér and are much twisted, presenting a very irregular appearance; tabule large, convex. Formation and locality. Corniferous limestone, Canada West. ZAPHRENTIS VENUSTA, %. Sp. Corallum simple, turbinate, straight or slightly curved, acute at the base, regularly and quite rapidly expanding to the calix; exterior with - concentric wrinkles and undulations of growth; external striz distinct, 10 in the space of 10 mm.; height of corallum 60 mm., diameter of the calix 40 mm., depth 20 mm.,, sides nearly vertical, walls very thin ; _tabule broad, concave at the center, the outer portion bending down- ward, the intermediate space convex; fossette sinistral, narrow, not conspicuous; number of lamelle 108, thin, of nearly uniform thickness, alternating in length, the principal ones extending ‘nearly to the center, leaving a small oval concave space about 6 mm. in length. Formation and locality. Corniferous lmestone, Falls of the Ohio. GENUS HLASMOPHYLLUM, nov. gen. Corallum simple, turbinate, lamella extending to the center, twisted or not, interlamellar cysts continuing to the center ; no tabule. ELASMOPHYLLUM ATTENUATUM, 2. Sp. Corallum simple, elongate turbinate, straight or very slightly curved, height 130 mm., acute at the base, regularly expanding to calix; ex- terior with numerous fine, distinct, concentric strie and annulations, external striae conspicuous; when decorticated the internal striz are very obscure; number of lamelle about 60,alternating in size, the principal ones extending to the center and twisted; no tabule; the vesicles between the lamelle numerous and extending to the center ; the sides of the lamelle with conspicuous longitudinal striz. Several: individuals of this species have been observed, but the calix of each is imperfect so that its true form cannot be ascertained, but the species is easily distinguished by its straight or nearly straight regularly expanding form, the strong lamelle, the vesicles extending to the center and the absence of tabule. Formation and locality. Corniferous limestone, New York and Canada. CYATHOPHYLLUM, Goupruss. CYATEOPHYLLUM (HLASMOPHYLLUM) INTERVESICULUM, %. sp. Corallum simple, elongate turbinate or sub-cylindrical, exterior with , Numerous narrow annulations and constrictions ; external striz very UprER HELDERBERG GROUP. 443 distinct, 6 in the space of 10 mm.; when decorticated the corallum presents an invaginated appearance ; internal striz irregular and in- terrupted ; height of corallum 200 mm. or more; calix infundibuliform, diameter 50 mm., depth 40 mm.; fossette extending’ from near’ the center to the margin, moderately conspicuous; number of lamelle 110, of uniform size, extending to or nearly ‘to the center ; interlam- ellar cysts prominent, more conspicuous than the lamellz, which they sometimes almost entirely obscure. The tabulee are not distinct and it is possible that they do not exist in which case this species must be placed in the genus HLAsMo- PHYLLUM. Formation and iocality. Corniferous limestone, Leroy, New York. CYATHOPHYLLUM EXFOLIATUM, 7. SD. Corallum simple, elongate turbinate or sub-cylindrical, exterior with concentric wrinkles and undulations of growth; external strize conspicuous, 6 in the space of 10 mm.; length of an adult individual from 80 to 90 mm.; diameter of the calix 35 mm., depth 25 mm., sides quite regularly sloping to the center ; number of lamellee 60, broad, rounded and of uniform size at the margin, becoming thinner and alternating below, the principal lamelle extending to the center, where they are twisted, not elevated. In a section the corallum has the appearance of being formed of very thin superimposed lamine; when partially decorticated the exterior has the appearance of a Cystiphyl- lum ; these characters and the flat, fragile appearance of the lamelle near the margin readily distinguish it from any other species. Formation and locality. Corniferous limestone, Falls of the Ohio. CYATHOPHYLLUM CANALICULATUM, 7. sp. Corallum simple, elongate turbinate or sub-cylindrical, massive; in decorticated specimens internal striz irregular, interrupted ; the largest fragment observed has a height of 150 mm., diameter for nearly the en- tire length 50 mm. From the nearly uniform diameter of this speci- men it is evident that the length of a perfect individual would be much greater than that given above; number of lamelle about 220, alternating in size, the smaller ones being scarcely more than rudi- mentary, the principal ones continuing to the bottom of the calix, where there is an elevation 40 mm. in length and 20 mm. in breadth ; where the lamelle are broken away it has an elevation of about 10 mm., where they are perfect it is slightly elevated, and along the middle is a deep depression, which is a continuation of the lateral fossette ; the bottom of the calix has a close resemblance to that of Zaphrentis com- pressa, but in other respects the two forms are extremely different. Formation and locality. Corniferous limestone, Falls of the Ohio. 444 THIRTY-FIFTH REPORT ON THE STATE MUSEUM. CYATHOPHYLLUM IMPOSITUM, ”. sp. Corallum simple, turbinate, straight or slightly curved, gradually expanding; exterior with frequent sharp constrictions, caused by intermittent growth, giving to the corallum the appearance of being composed of aseries of invaginated calices ; external stris conspicu- ous; height of corallum 80 mm.; diameter of the calix 40 mm., depth 30 mm.,sides quite regularly sloping to the center; a narrow fossette on both anterior and posterior sides connected by a shallow depression; number of lamellae from 100 to 110, alternating in size, somewhat thickened near the margin, becoming very thin and sharp on the sides of the calix; principal lamelle extending to the depression at the bottom of the calix; on the sides of the lamelle, at right angles to the margin are numerous rounded striz, sometimes projecting beyond the margins and forming denticulations, but usually causing the margin to appear obscurely crenulated ; the striz have the same direction as those of HELIOPHYLLUM, but they are not distinct or continuous enough to place the species under that genus. Formation and locality. Corniferous limestone, Fa!ls of the Ohio. CYATHOPHYLLUM DEPRESSUM, %. Sp. Corallum simple, turbinate, straight or slightly curved, exterior with annulations and undulations of growth and very prominent longitu- dinal striz, of which there are 8 in the space of 10 mm.; height of corallum 80 mm., regularly expanding; diameter of calix 40 mm., depth of anterior side 35 mm., sides parallel with the exterior wall, a space at the bottom 20 mm. in diameter flat, with a deep depression at the center; the fossette consists of a deep depression sinistral to the center, its continuation on the side is obscurely indica- ted; number of lamellz from 80 to 90, alternating in size, the smaller ones very thin, extending to the flattened space at the bottom of the calix,the larger ones fasciculating and extending to the center where they are slightly twisted ; the interlamellar cysts are prominent, elongate, sometimes oeectteee the smaller lamelle. Formation and locality. Corniferous limestone, Falls of the Ohio. CYATHOPHYLLUM ARCTIFOSSA, 7”. SD. Corallum simple, turbinate straight or curved, sometimes regularly expan(ling from a conical apex, at other times the diameter at the base is greater than at a short distance above; exterior with concentric wrinkles and moderately prominent annulations; height of the corallum 80 mm.; calix broadly campanulate, having a diameter of 50 mm., and — a depth of 25 mm.; fossette,deep, narrow, commencing about 8 mm, from the center and continuing to the anterior margin; number of lamele Upper HELDERBERG GROUP, 445 120, of nearly uniform thickness, alternating in length, the larger ones as they approach the bottom fasciculate, a few continue to the center, coalescing with the tabule. Formation and locality. Cornierons limestone, Falls of the Ohio. CYATHOPHYLLUM VESICULATUM, 2. sp. Corallum simple, elongate turbinate, attenuate below, curved, regu- larly expanding to the calix,exterior with gentle undulations of growth; height 35 mm.; diameter of calix 20 mm., depth 15 mm., sides regu- larly sloping n the center; number of niece 60, dnenuy alternating in size, very thin, the poet pe ones extending to the center of the calix, not twisted. The interlamellar cysts are small, but very distinct, giving to the corallum somewhat the appearance of a CYSTIPHYLLUM. Formation and locality, Corniferous limestone, Falls of the Ohio. CYATHOPHYLLUM BULLATUM, 7. Sp. Corallum simple, turbinate, attenuate below; calix broadly expanded ; external strizs very distinct, 12 in the space of 10 mm.; when decorticated the strie are smooth, 6 in the space of 10 mm; tabulz broad, flat; height of corallum 60 mm.; diameter of calix 35 mm., having at the margin 8 lamelle in the space of 10 mm., alternating in size, the principal ones becoming very thin and prominent below ; at the bottom is a flat space 10 mm. in diameter, sometimes smooth and sometimes with the lamelle faintly indicated; the interlamellar cysts are elongate, very prominent, frequently entirely obscuring the smaller lamellee. Formation and locality. Corniferous limestone, Canada West. CYATHOPHYLLUM COHARENS, 2. sp. ’ Corallum simple or compound, elongate turbinate; exterior with undulations of growth, strie fine, distinct; height of corallum 45 mm.; calix shallow campanulate, with a diameter of from 15 to 20 mm., depth 6 mm.; number of lamelle 80, of nearly uniform size at the margin, alternating below, the larger ones extending to the center where they are twisted elevated and forming a false columella of about 8 mm. in diameter; on the inner surface of the calix are numerous small cysts which sometimes obscure the lamelle. Formation and locality. Corniferous limestone, Falls of the Ohio. . CYATHOPHYLLUM SEPTATUM, 2. sp. | Corallum simple, elongate turbinate or sub-cylindrical, exterior with frequent constrictions, caused by intermittent growth, and numerous concentric wrinkles; when decorticated the margins of the lamella with 446 THIRTY-FIFTH REPORT ON THE STATE MUSEUM. the intermediate structure are usually shown ; height of corallum 60 mm., diameter of the calix 20 mm., number of lamelle 60, of nearly uni- form thickness, alternating in length, the principal ones extending to within a short distance of the center, leaving a smooth flat space 4 mm. in diameter. Formation and locality. Corniferous limestone, Falls of the Ohio. CYATHOPHYLLUM PERFOSSULATUM, %. Sp. Corallum simple, broadly turbinate, robust, sometimes contracted above, exterior with numerous concentric wrinkles and striations, with constrictions caused by intermittent growth; diameter of the calix 50 mm., depth 25 mm., quite regularly concave ; fossette deep, broad, _ extending from near the center to the margin; number of lameile 75 alternating in size, the smaller ones extending only a short distance from the margin, the others are very thin, all extending to within a short distance of and a few quite to the center, coalescing and forming a narrow elongate crest; margins of lamelle denticulate, no striz on the sides; interlamellar space strongly vesiculose. Formation and locality. Corniferous limestone, Falls of the Ohio. CYATHOPHYLLUM CONCENTRICUM, 7. sp. ) Corallum simple, turbinate, regularly curved, solid, exterior with. undulations of growth and numerous fine concentric rugose strice ; longitudinal striz distinct; height of corallum 50 mm.; diameter of the calix 30 mm., depth 20 mm., sides quite regularly concave, a space at the bottom 10 mm. in diameter flat; fossette extending from near the center to the anterior margin; number of lamelle 100, of nearly uniform size at the margin of the calix, alternating below ; in some specimens the principal lamelle extend to the margin of the flattened area, ending abruptly, leaving the central portion smooth, in others they extend to the center, though abruptly becoming much smaller at the margin of the flat space; when decorticated the internal © striz are crenulated or united by septa. Formation and locahty. Corniferous limestone, Falls of the Ohio. CYATHOPHYLLUM SCALENUM, %. sp. Corallum simple, turbinate, compressed, acute at the base, regularly expanding -to the calix, exterior with undulations and constrictions caused by intermittent growth; strie distinct, 9 or 10 in the space of 5 mm.; calix very oblique; length of posterior side of corallum 25 mm. of anterior 75 mm.; diameter of calix 50 mm., depth 20 mm., quite regularly concave; fossette conspicuous, commencing at the center and continuing to the anterior margin; number of lam- ella 110, alternating in size; within a short distance of the center the UppER H&LpERBERG GROUP. 444 principal lamelle coalesce and fasciculate, each fascicle being composed of from 2 to 7 lamelle; after coalescing they continue nearly to the center and become twisted. When the lamelle are perfect they have, at their margins, slender spinules about .75 mm. in length, 8 in the space of 5 mm., forming a very prominent feature, but most conspicu- ous on the intermediate smaller lamellew, the margins of the principal ones usually being broken. On the sides of the lamelle are rounded striations continuing a short distance from the margin, but not of sufficient prominence or extent to place the speciesin the genus HELI- OPHYLLUM. Formation and locality, Corniferous limestone, Falls of the Ohio. CYATHOPHYLLUM PERPLICATUM, 7%. Sp. Corallum simple, turbinate, curved, obtuse at the base, quite rapidly expanding for a short distance, then continuing of nearly uniform diameter; exterior with shallow grooves, concentric wrinkles and very distinct, fine, concentric strize; longitudinal striz distinct, 8 in the space of 5 mm.; when decorticated it presents a somewhat cystose ap- pearance ; height of corallum 60 mm.; diameter of the calix 30 mm., . depth 10 mm., a space at the bottom 10 mm. in diameter, slightly convex and corrugated ; fossette obscure or obsolete; number of lam- elle 75, alternating in size, near the margin of the cup thickened, and angular, thin below; the principal lamelle continue to the center on the convex space at the bottom becoming interrupted and having the appearance of corrugations. } Formation and locality. Corniferous limestone, Crab Orchard, Kentucky. CYATHOPHYLLUM ROBUSTUM, 7. sp. Corallum simple, elongate turbinate or cylindrical, when decorti- cated appearing as if formed of invaginated calices, each of which con- sists of thin, superimposed laminz ; external coste very distinct, 4 or 5 in the space of 10 mm.; concentric strie coarse, distinct; when de- corticated the internal costze have numerous transverse elevations at~ irregular distances apart caused by the interlamellar cysts. The largest fragment observed has a length of 220 mm. and a diameter of 110mm. For aspace of from 20 to 80 mm. from the margin the sides of the calix are sloping at an angle of about 45° to the axis of the cor- allum, becoming vertical, then becoming flat for a width of 10 mm., thence abruptly descending, frequently to a depth of 30 mm.; thisdeep depression has at first a diameter of about 20 mm., gradually narrowing below; number of lamelle from 100 to 130, alternating in size, the prin- cipal ones extending nearly to the flat tabula at the bottom of the 448 THIRTY-FIFTH REPORT ON THE STATE MusEuM, calix ; inter-lameilar cysts very prominent, frequently obscuring the lamelle, near the margin the lamelle sometimes becoming obsolete. _ Formation and locality. Corniferous limestone, near Leroy, New York. BLOTHROPHYLLUM, Bitirnes. BLOTHROPHYLLUM MULTICALICATUM, ”. Sp. Corallum simple, elongate turbinate or sub-cylindrical; exterior with numerous abrupt constrictions caused by intermittent growth, and sharp annulations bearing quite prominent spinules; external coste distinct; diameter of central axis 25 mm., of tabule 15 mm.; calix 40 mm. wide; for a space of 10 mm. from the margin the sides are flat, then vertical, a space at the bottom 20 mm. in diameter flat smooth, elevated; number of lamelle 120, alternating in size, the larger ones extending to the margin of the elevated tabulee at the bot- tom of the cup; interlamellar cysts elongate, conspicuous, frequently partially obscuring the lamelle. This species may be distinguished from B. decorticatum by the different form of the calix, finer and less conspicuous lamelle, and more compact arrangement of the expanded calix margins. Formation and locality. Corniferous limestone, Canada West. BLOTHROPHYLLUM PAPULOSUM, 72. SD). Corallum simple, sub-cyiindrical, consisting of numerous invagi- | nated calices, each of which is formed of thin, superimposed laminz exterior with numerous distinct, concentric strize, of which there are about 30 in the space of 5 mm., frequently arching on the external coste, which are very prominent. The largest fragment observed has a length of 170 mm. and a nearly uniform diameter of 50 mm.; diam- eter of central axis 25 mm.; calix, shallow, campanulate, a space at the bottom from 10 to 15 mm. in diameter, flat, smooth; number of lamelle from 90 to 100, which are nearly uniform in size near the margin of the cup, flattened, broad, alternating in size and _ be- coming thin as they approach the center ; principal lamelle extending to the flat area at the bottom. On the thickened lamella, toward the margin, are numerous prominent pustules. This species may be distinguished from 6. decorticatum as _ fol- lows: the expanded calix margins are much more numerous, more compact and more distinctly consist of thin, superimposed lamine ; the lamelle toward the margin are broad, flattened, and with very prominent pustules; the epitheca is never continuous over th« whole length of the corallum. | ' Formation and locality. Corniferous limestone, Leroy, New York. Upper HELDERBERG GROUP. 449 BLOTHROPHYLLUM SINUOSUM, 1%. sp. Corallum simple, elongate, nearly cylindrical ; all the specimens ob- served are in a decorticated condition ; diameter from 15 to 20 mm; fragments of 150 mm. in length occur of uniform diameter; number of lamelle from 60 to 70, alternating in size, the smaller ones being about one-half the thickness of the others, the principal ones extend neatly to the center of the calix, the extremities becoming slightly twisted ; a space of from 2 to 3 mm. in diameter at the center smooth ; the tabule are slightly concave, the outer portion bending abruptly downward at right angles so that in a longitudinal section the broken edges of the outer portion appear as a vertical wall,.resembling D1p- HYPHYILLUM. Formation and locality. Corniferous limestone, Falls of the Ohio. BLOTHROPHYLLUM PROMISSUM, 7. Sp. Corallum simple, cylindrical, elongate, diameter from 15 to 25 mm. ; number of lamellez 70, alternating in size; at the bottom of the calix is a flat area, either smooth or with the lamelle but faintly indicated. In the decorticated condition in which this species and LB. sinwosum occur it isnot possible to separate them by external characters, but the calix in one species has the lamelle extending nearly to the cen- ter, abruptly ending and the extremities twisted, and the other having a broad, smooth space at the bottom of the calix and lamelle not twisted ; these characters render a distinction of the species easy. Formation and locahty. Corniferous limestone, Falls of the Ohio. HELIOPHYLLUM, Hatt. HELIOPHYLLUM ALTERNATUM, 7. Sp. Corallum simple, turbinate, usually straight, height 45 mm.; diameter of calix 35 mm., depth 20 mm., sides nearly vertical, bottom flat ; number of lamelle from 70 to 80, alternating in size, the larger ones being very prominent, extending nearly to the center of the cup, coalesc- ing and forming,small, irregular, central elevations. At the mar- gin of the calix the lamelle are thick, rounded, growing thinner as they approach the bottom of the calix; denticulations of the lamelle prominent, appearing as spinules, six in the space of 5 mm. This species may be distinguished by the pronounced difference in the size of the lamelle and the nearly vertical sides of the calix. Formation and locality. Corniferous limestone, Falls of the Ohio. [Sen. Doc. No. 38. | 57 450 THIRTY-FIFTH REPORT ON THE STATE MUSEUM. HELIOPHYLLUM INCRASSATUM, 2. Sp. Corallum simple, turbinate, height 40 mm.; diameter of the calix 30 mm., depth 15 mm., sides near the margin flat or rounded, then quite ab- ruptly descending, a space at the bottom 10 mm. in diameter flat; fossette conspicuous; number of lamelle 56, alternating in size, the smaller ones being about one-third the thickness of the others; the greater portion of the lamellz extend only to the flat space at the bot- tom of the calix, from that point about 15 are very much thickened and extend to the center, straight or slightly flexuous; denticulations moderately prominent, from 6 to 8 in the space of 5 mm., near the margin wide, becoming narrow and spiniform below. Formation and locality. Corniferous limestone, Falls of the Ohio. HELIOPHYLLUM ACUMINATUM, 2. sp. | Corallum simple, turbinate, regularly curved, length of anterior side 50 mm., of posterior 25 mm.; diameter of the calix 40 mm., depth 30 mm., a space at the-bottom, 25 mm. in diameter, depressed convex 5 fossette conspicuous, extending from the convex space at the bottom to the anterior margin; number of lamelle 80, alternating in size, margins broadly angular; the larger ones extend upon the tabule, but do not reach the center; denticulations very prominent, sometimes extending nearly 1 m. beyond the margins of the lamelle, from 3 to 4 in the space of 5 mm. Formation and locality. Corniferous limestone, Ontario, HELIOPHYLLUM VENATUM, %. Sp. Corallum simple, turbinate, regularly curved ; exterior with sharp ridges of growth; height of corallum 40 mm.; diameter of calix 35 mm., depth 15 mm., a space at the bottom, 20.mm. in diameter, de- pressed convex; fossette conspicuous, situated on the anterior side; number of lamelle 90, alternating in size, the larger ones continuing to the center of the calix, becoming flexuous or slightly twisted, adjacent ones frequently coalescing ; denticulations prominent, 5 in the space of 5 mm. Formation and locality. Corniferous limestone, Falls of the Ohio. HELIOPHYLLUM IMBRICATUM, %. SP. Corallum sub-cylindrical or elongate turbinate, gradually expanding ; exterior with numerous sharp ridges of growth; when decorticated the internal cost present a peculiar imbricated appearance, the imbrica- tion being toward the base; diameter of calix from 30 to 40 mm., depth 15 mm., a space at the bottom 15 mm. in diameter flat ; fossette conspicuous, extending from near the center to the margin; number UprEeR HELDERBERG GROUP. 451 of lamelle 70, of nearly uniform size at the margin, alternating on the sides of the calix, the larger ones, extending to the center, straight or slightly flexuous: denticulations spiniform, prominent, 3 in the space of 5 mm. This species may be distinguished from JH. verticale by the imbricated costz and the extension of the lamelle to the center of the cup. Formation and locality. Corniferous limestone, Falls of the Ohio. HELIOPHYLLUM VERTICALE, 7”. sp. Corallum simple, elongate turbinate, straight or curved, very gradu- ally expanding; exterior with numerous sharp ridges of growth; height from 50 to 100 mm.; diameter of the calix from 25 to 30 mm., depth 15 mm., sides abruptly descending, a space at the bottom from 10 to 15 mm. in diameter flat or slightly concave; number of ‘lameile from 75 to 80, alternating in size, the larger ones extending to within a short distance of the center, abruptly coalescing with the tabule, leaving a flat or concave smooth space at the center; denticu- lations very prominent, spiniform, 6 in the space of 5 mm. Formation and locality. Corniferous limestone, Falls of the Ohio. HELIOPHYLLUM INVAGINATUM, 7. sp. Corallum elongate, gradually expanding ; ; when decorticated it has the appearance of consisting of a series of invaginated calices ; height of an adult individual thirteen centimetres; diameter of calix 50 mm. depth 30 mm.; when the lamellz are senian the calix is somewhat | bell-shaped, Shien broken away the sides of the calix are more nearly ver- tical and the bottom is flat or elevated at the center; number of lamelle 90, of nearly uniform size at the margin, alternating on the sides, principal lamelle extending to the center, flexuous or slightly twisted, very thin and prominent; from 5 to 7 denticulations in the space of 5 mm. extending to within 10 mm. of the center of the calix. Formation and locality. Corniferous limestone, Falls of the Ohio. HELIOPHYLLUM AQUALE, 7. sp. Corallum simple, elongate, straight or curved; surface with angular ridges of growth; height of corallum 14 centimetres; diameter of calix 40 mm., depth 30 mm., somewhat bell shaped; number of lamelle 90, of uniform size, very thin, a part of them extending to the center are twisted and elevated; denticulations uniform in width with the lamelle, 8 in the space of 5 mm.; fossette obscure. This species may be distinguished by the deep oat very thin, uniform, closely arranged lamelle and thin denticulations. Formation and locality. Corniferous limestone, Falls of the Ohio. 452 THIRTY-FIFTH REPORT ON THE STATE MUSEUM. HELIOPHYLLUM FASCICULATUM, 2. sp. Corallum simple, elongate turbinate; height 130 mm.; diam- eter of the calix 50 mm.; a space at the bottom of the calix from 10 to 15 mm. in diameter is concave-conical ; adjacent to this depressed space is a flat area, the depressed and flat portions being 30 mm. in diameter ; fossette small ; number of lamelle 110, alternating in size, the smaller lamellze extend only to the flattened area, the larger la- melle extend to the margin of the concave conical space, and a few, very -much thickened, extend to the center; 6 denticulations in the space of 5 mm. Formation and locality. _Corniferous limestone, Falls of the Ohio. HELIOPHYLLUM ANNULATUM, %. sp. Corallum simple, elongate, gradually expanding, usually compressed ; exterior with prominent, rounded or subangular annulations of growth, which are sometimes situated at quite regular distances apart ; there are also concentric wrinkles and fine striations ; longitudinal strie distinct ; number of lamelle from 60 to 75; height of corallum from 100 mm. to 150 mm. or more ; often extremely attenuate, and frequently flat- tened from compression. In many examples the exterior does not well preserve evidence of the generic relations of the fossil, but longi- tudinal sections reveal, in a beautiful manner, the heliophylloid structure. : Formation and localities. Corniferous limestone; Scott and Clarke counties, Indiana, and Youngs’ farm, Hrie county, New York. HELIOPHYLLUM COMPACTUM, 7. sp. Corallum small, sub-cylindrical or elongate turbinate, straight or slightly curved, gradually expanding; exterior with broad undulations of growth, also concentric wrinkles and fine striations ; height of cor- allum 50 mm.; calix 20 mm. in diameter, depth 15 mm., sides nearly vertical, abruptly expanding near the margin; a space at the bottom of the calix 8 mm. in diameter, flat ; number of Jamelle 70, of — nearly uniform size at the margin of the calix, alternating on the sides ;. the principal lamella extend on the flattened space at the bottom abruptly coalescing with the tabule, leaving a smooth area 5 > mm. in diameter; denticulations fine, 10 in the space of 5 mm.; no fossette; the tabulee are nearly flat at the middle, bending abruptly downward near their outer margins. Formation and locality. Corniferous limestone, Falls of the Ohio. HELIOPHYLLUM DENTATUM, 2. Sp. Corallum turbinate, straight or slightly curved; exterior with strong concentric wrinkles and striations; height of corallum 50 mm., UprEeR HELDERBERG GROUP. 453 diameter of calix 40 mm., depth 20 mm.; an elevated space at the bottom 10 mm. in diameter; fossette small ; number of lamelle 80, thin, of nearly uniform size at the margin of the calix, alternating below ; the principal: lamelle extending to the center of the cup twisted and elevated, forming a false columella ; denticulations very prominent, 4 or 5 in the space of 5 mm. Formation and locality. Corniferous limestone, Falls of the Ohio. HELIOPHYLLUM FECUNDUM, 2%. Sp. Corallum small, increasing by calicular gemmation, sometimes con- nected for nearly their entire length; height of an adult individual 25 mm.; diameter of calix 13 mm.; for a distance of 4 mm. from the mar- gin the walls of the cup are nearly flat, then abruptly descending toa ' plane, smooth area 4mm. in diameter at the bottom of the calix ; num- ber of lamellz 70, of uniform size, extending to the flat space at the bottom of the calix ; denticulations minute; no fossette. From one calix, only 12 mm. in diameter, proceed 5 buds. From H. gemmatum it is easily distinguished by its smaller size and entirely different form of calix. Formation and locality. Corniferous limestone, Falls of the Ohio. HELIOPHYLLUM GEMMATUM, %. sp. Corallum rapidly increasing in numbers by calicular gemmation ; height usually from 25 to 30 mm.; diameter of calix 20 mm., depth 10 mm.; sides quite regularly sloping ; a space at the bottom of the calix 3 mm. in diameter flat, smooth; number of lamellee 70, sometimes of uni- form size, at others alternating, extending to the flat space at the center of the calix ; denticulations minute, 16 in the space of 5 mm.; fossette small. In nearly all the individuals observed there are from 8 to 5 buds growing from the parent corallum. Formation and locahty. Corniferous limestone, Falls of the Ohio. HELIOPHYLLUM LATERICRESCENS, 2. Sp. Corallum sub-cylindrical, slightly compressed, simple or compound, increasing by lateral gemmation; exterior with numerous sharp annu- lations of growth, concentric wrinkles and fine strie; largest speci- men observed 10 centimetres in length, having a nearly uniform diameter of 30 mm.; depth of calix 15 mm., somewhat bell-shaped, center elevated ; number of lamella from 90 to 100, uniform in size near the margin of the cup, alternating below ; the principal ones, ex- tending to the center of the cup, are twisted and elevated, forming a false columella; denticulations fine, 18 in the space of 5mm. _ In its 454. THIRTY-FIFTH REPORT ON THE STATE MUSEUM. manner of growth, deep calix with false columella, very fine lamelle and denticulations it is easily distinguished from any other species. Formation and localitg. Corniferous limestone, Falls of the Ohio. HELIOPHYLLUM POCILLATUM, 2. sp. Corallum simple or compound, slender, elongate, very gradually in- creasing in diameter; height of corallum 70 mm.; diameter of calix 20 mm., depth 15 mm., sides regularly sloping toward the center; num- ber of lamella 70, alternating in size. Sometimes there isa small smooth area at the bottom of the cup, at other times the principal lamella continue to the center; denticulations minute, distinct. This species most closely resembles H. «mbricata and H. verticale, but may be distinguished by its more slender form, different appearance when decorticated, finer lamellae and in the form of the calix. Formation and locality. Corniferous limestone, Falls of the Ohio. HELIOPHYLLUM DISTANS, 7. Sp. Corallum simple, turbinate, straight or curved ; height 45 mm.; diameter of the calix 45 mm., depth 20 mm.; the walls of the calix for an area of 8 mm. from the margin are flat, then quite abruptly de- scending, a space at the center 15 mm. in diameter gently convex; number of lamelle 70, of uniform size at the margin, alternat- _ Ing below, the principal lamelle extending nearly to the center of the calix; denticulations thin, 3 in the space of 5 mm. This species in its general form and appearance is similar to H. Halli, but the lamellze are much thinnerand the denticulations areat a greater distance apart, there being in that one six in the same space occupied by three in this species. ae Formation and locality. Corniferous limestone, Falls of the Ohio. HELIOPHYLLUM LINEOLATUM, 2. Sp. Corallum simple, sub-cylindrical, very gradually increasing in diam- eter. The specimens observed are compressed, though this may be duc to accident ; diameter of calix 20 mm., depth 20 mm., sides nearly vertical, an area at the center 10 mm. in diameter moderately convex ; fossette narrow, deep, extending from the convex central space to the margin of the calix; number of lamelle 80, alternating in size, the larger ones extend to the center of the calix, and one or more continue across from one margin to the other; the striz on the sides of the lamelle are very fine, there being frequently 20 in the space of 5 mm., and though the margins of the lamelle are crenulated by each one of the striz, it is only at somewhat irregular intervals that they are prolonged into denticulations. Formation and locality. Corniferous limestone, Falls of the Ohio. UppEeR HELDERBERG GROUP. A455 HELIOPHYLLUM AEQUUM, 7. sp. Corallum simple, more or less curved, when decorticated presenting a decidedly invaginated appearance; height 50 mm., diameter of the calix 30 mm., depth 20 mm., the margin sub-quadrangular in outline, sides nearly vertical, an area at the bottom 15 mm. in diameter flat, smooth ; number of lamelle 90, alternating in sizeythe larger ones being faintly indicated for a short distance on the tabule at the bottom of the calix; fossette narrow, deep. This species may be distinguished by the broad, smooth area at the bottom of the calix. Formation and locality. Corniferous limestone, Falls of the Ohio. HELIOPHYLLUM SCYPHULUS, 7%. sp. Corallum simple, turbinate, regularly curved ; surface with frequent narrow annulations of growth and fine striations, sometimes with com- paratively broad undulations. ‘The greater portion of the individuals observed are from 20 to 25 mm. in height ; diameter of the calix about equal to the height, depth 15 mm.; a space at the bottom of the calix, when the lamellee are perfect, flat or slightly convex ; fossette situated anteriorly, not extending to the margin; number of lamelle 60, of uniform size at the margin, alternating beiow, the larger ones extend- ing to the center, shghtly twisted, occasionally one or more extending from margin to margin ; center of tabule flat, the outer portion bending abruptly downward ; from 3 to 5 denticulations in the space of 5 mm. at a distance from the margin very prominent and _ spiniform. This species differs from AH. Halli in the form of the calix, thinner ’ lamelle and more distant denticulations. Formation and locality. Corniferous limestone, Falls of the Ohio: HELIOPHYLLUM TENUIMURALE, 1%. sp. Corallum simple, turbinate, curved, usually decorticated ; internal cost prominent; height of corallum 30 mm.; diameter of calix 25 mm., depth 15 mm., sides abruptly sloping, leaving a convex space at the bottom 10 mm. in diameter; fossette extending from near the center to the anterior margin of the calix: in continuation of the fossette a depression extends across the elevated space at the bottom of the calix connecting with a rudimentary fossette on the posterior side; number of lamelle 90, alternating in size, the smaller ones rudimentary, the larger ones extending to the center of the calix where they are elevated and twisted; 7 or 8 denticulations in the space of 5 mm. Formation and locality. Corniferous limestone, Falls of the Ohio. HELIOPHYLLUM NETTELROTHI, 7. sp. Corallum simple, elongate turbinate, regularly or irregularly curved. The numerous individuals observed are decorticated ; the internal 456 THIRTY-FIFTH REPORT ON THE STATE MUSEUM. structure is as follows: a central area occupied by the flat portion of the tabule ; the tabule turn upward and fora distance of 10 or 15 mm. are nearly vertical, forming a cylindrical cavity, then turning outward and downward; in one individual the flat portion of the tabule is 8 mm. in diameter; a space 30 mm. in diameter is occupied by the tabulze and lamellz without intermediate structure ; then occur small intermediate cysts whose direction is toward the margin, and the heliophylloid rays, having a direction toward the center ; the outer area consists of a series of the projecting margins of the invaginated calices, the lamelle of which have, on their sides and margins, prominent rays and denticulations, but no vesicles. A calix 40 mm in diameter slopes quite abruptly to the depth of 15 mm., it is then flat for a space of 8 mm., then abruptly turns downward and continues vertically for a distance sometimes of 30 mm.; transverse section of the latter portion usually oval ; number of lamelle from 90 to 100, alternating in size, the larger ones continuing to the center of the cup, though somewhat obscured on the lower portion of the ver- tical wall; denticulations prominent, 6 or 7 in the space of 5 mm.; on the sides of the lamelle are oblique, coarse, rounded striations; these end abruptly at two conspicuous longitudinal grooves, from which to the outer area, a space of about 5 mm., are numerous small cysts; on the outer area are prominent heliophylloid striae. Formation and locality. Corniferous limestone, Falls of the Ohio. HELIOPHYLLUM SORDIDUM, 2. sp. Corallum small, simple, turbinate, height from 15 to 20 mm., diam- eter of the calix equal to the height. Numerous individuals of this species have been observed, but they are invariably decorticated and the margins of the calix broken away, so that its true form cannot be accurately determined ; a conspicuous fossette extends from near the center to the anterior margin ; frequently, along the middle of the fossette, there is a prominent lamella; number of lamelle from 80 to 90, alternating in size, the larger ones thick, fasciculating, coalescing and extending to the center, where they are twisted. Owing to the breaking away of the lamellz near the margin the denticulations sel- dom appear; it is, however, easily recognized as a HELIOPHYLLUM from the character of the internal coste. © Formation and locality. Corniferous limestone, Falls of the Ohio. HELIOPHYLLUM DENTICULATUM, 2. Sp. Corallum simple, turbinate, curved, sometimes in more than one direction; exterior with numerous concentric wrinkles and fine striae ; external costae coarse, prominent; height of corallum.45 mm.; UprrER HELDERBERG GROUP. 45% diameter of the calix 17 mm., depth 10 mm., broadly bell-shaped ; fossette commencing near the center and extending to the margin ; number of lamelle 50, alternating in size, the principal ones fascicu- lating, coalescing and extending to the center. _ Formation and locality. Corniferous limestone, Falls of the Ohio. HELIOPHYLLUM CAMPANIFORME, 7. Sp. Corallum simple, turbinate, robust, straight or curved ;. proportional diameter of individuals of the same height variable; exterior with concentric wrinkles and undulations; no decided irregularities of sur- face; external cost very distinct ; when decorticated the internal costz appear as if composed of thin, imbricating laminz; dimension’ of an adult specimen, height 70 mm., diameter of tne calix 60 mm., depth 35 mm., broadly bell-shaped ; number of lamellze 110, of nearly uni- form size near the margin, alternating below; the principal lamelle fasciculating and extending to the center of the calix, where they are somewhat twisted, but not elevated; 5 or 6 denticulations in the space of 5mm. Some of the individuals present a coarser aspect than others. Formation and locality. Corniferous limestone, Falls of the Ohio. HELIOPH YLLUM FISSURATUM, 7%. Sp. Corallum simple, turbinate, regularly curved; exterior compara- tively smooth, longitudinal striz distinct, length of posterior side 15 mm., of anterior side 30 mm.; diameter of the calix 25 mm., depth 12 mm., sides parallel with the exterior of the corallum, a space at the bottom 10 mm. in diameter essentially flat; fossette narrow, conspic- ° uous, extending from the center to the anterior margin ; number of lamellee 80, the larger ones extending sometimes to the center, at other times leaving a flat or concave smooth space from 6 to 8 mm. in diam- eter, denticulations fine; in one individual in place of the denticula- tions there are notches in the lamellae; this feature may be due to the breaking away of the denticulations; tabule at the center concave, the outer portion bending abruptly downward, the intermediate space elevated, The form of this species is very similar to Heliophyl- lum (Zaphrentis) corniculum, but the denticulations are much more minute and the bottom of the calix is quite different. Formation and locality. Corniferous limestone, Falls of the Ohio. HELIOPHYLLUM CANCELLATUM, 7. Sp. Corallum simple, broadly turbinate, acute at the base, regularly ex- panding to the calix; length of posterior side 10 mm., of anterior 25 mm.; diameter of calix 20.mm., depth 10 mm., quite regularly con- cave ; number of lamelle 110, the larger ones sometimes continuing to the center, not elevated or twisted; at other times there is a flat, [Sen. Doc. No. 38. ] 58 458 'Tairtry-FIFTH REPORT ON THE STATE MUSEUM. smooth space at the center of about 5 mm. in diameter; on the sides of the lamelle, at right angles to the margin, are fine striations, about 15 in the space of 5 mm., there are also longitudinal striations; near the margin of the calix the lamelle are denticulated, but on the sides they are only obscurely crenulate or smooth. In general form this species is very similar to H. scyphulus, but that species has very prom- inent spine-like denticulations. Formation and locality. Corniferous limestone, New York. DIPHYPHYLLUM, Lonspats. DIPHYPHYLLUM ADNATUM, 7. sp. Oorallum sub-cylindrical, simple or compound, increasing by lateral gemmation, frequently in contact for their entire length; exterior with very regular annulations and concentric striz ; longitudinal strize distinct ; diameter varying from 12 to 20 mm.; calix bell-shaped, depth about 10 mm.; number of lamelle 50, of uniform thickness, alternate lamelle continuing to internal wall; space inclosed by verti- cal wall, 3 mm. in diameter. Formation and locality. Corniferous limestone, Falls of the Ohio. DIPHYPHYLLUM CYLINDRACEUM, 1%. 8). Corallum cylindrical, growing socially but not in contact, increasing by lateral gemmation, usually distant from each other from 5 to 10 . mm.; external cost distinct, annulations and constrictions very strong ; number of lamellz 45 to 50; space inclosed by interior wall 2 mm. in di- ameter. This species most nearly resembles Diphyphyllum adnatum, but the manner of growth is different, individuals of this species being always more or less separated, while in that one they are in contact usually their entire length. Formation and locality. Corniferous limestone, Falls of the Ohio. DIPHYPHYLLUM APERTUM, 7%. Sp.. Corallum simple, sub-cylindrical, straight or curved, pradiielig or more rapidly expanding; when decorticated presenting a distinct in- vaginated appearance; length of one individual 60 mm.; calix bell- shaped, diameter 20 mm., depth 10 mm.; number of lamelle from 60 to 70, of nearly uniform size at the margin, alternating below, the principal ones extending to the vertical internal wall; denticulations prominent, 10 in the space of 5 mm.; inclosed internal area oval or horse shoe-shaped, from 4 to 6 mm. in here ee anterior ee indented by a deep, narrow fossette. Formation and locahty. Corniferous limestone, Falls of the hie : UpreR HELDERBERG GROUP. | 459 DIPHYPHYLLUM BREVE, %. Sp. Corallum simple, short, turbinate ; posterior side straight, anterior curved, length respectively 8 and 10 mm.; calix 18 mm. in diameter, depth 4 mm., slightly oval, sides descending more or less abruptly ; fossette prominent, situated anteriorly; number of lamelle from 60 to 70, alternating in size, broad and rounded near the margin, becoming thinner as they approach the center; denticulations very prominent; transverse section of inclosed internal area oval, length 4 mm., width 3 mm. Formation and locality. Corniferous limestone, Falls of the Ohio. DIPHYPHYLLUM TUMIDULUM, 7. sp. Corallum small, simple, increasing by calicular gemmation ; length 15 mm. or less, from 3 to 4 mm. in diameter for about one-half the length, then quite abruptly expanding ; diameter of the calix from 7 to 10 mm., depth 5 mm.; number of lamellee 50, alternating in size ; denticulations prominent; inclosed internal area 1 m. in diameter. Formation and locality. Corniferous limestone, Falls of the Ohio. CYSTIPHYLLUM, Lonspate. CYSTIPH YLLUM BIPARTITUM, 2. Sp. Corallum simple, turbinate or sub-cylindrical, elongate; exterior with narrow, slightly elevated annulations and concentric strie ; exter- nal coste obscure ; calix oval, oblique, with a strong rounded ele- vation extending from the bottom to the anterior margin ; somewhat coarse rudimentary rays converging to the ridge and bottom of calix and obscuring the cysts, which, near the margin, are small, becoming larger near the center; height of large specimen 100 mm.; diameter of calix 35 mm. Formation and locality. Corniferous limestone, Falls of the Ohio. + CYSTIPHYLLUM BIFURCATUM, 2. sp. Corallum simple, turbinate, regularly curved ; exterior with frequent rounded annulations; when decorticated the internal cost are distinct ; calix nearly circular, oblique ; fossette pyriform, situated posteriorly, a slight ridge marking its continuation on the anterior side of the ealix ; near the margin there are nine rudimentary lamelle in the space of 5mm.; as they approach the center two adjacent lamelle usually coalesce, forming one larger one; cysts moderately large, obsolete in bottom of calix; height of corallum 70 mm., diameter of calix 30 mm. Formation and locality. Corniferous limestone, Falls of the Ohio. 460 - HIRTY-FIFTH REPORT ON THE STATE MUSEUM. CYsTIPHYLLUM MURICATUM, 1”. sp. Corallum simple, turbinate, irregularly curved ; surface with annu- lations and numerous fine, concentric strie, squamose in weathered © specimens; calix slightly oval; fossette situated anteriorly; cysts dis- tinct near the margin, 1 m. in diameter, increasing in size toward the center ; bottom of the calix flat. There are fine rudimentary, crenu-— lated lamelle extending to the center and giving to the bottom of the calix the appearance of being covered with conical spinules; height of corallum 50 mm.; length of calix 25 mm., width 20 mm. Formation and locality. Corniferous limestone, Falls of the Ohio. CYSTIPHYLLUM QUADRANGULARE, %. Sp. Corallum turbinate, small; height 20 mm., diameter of calix 15 mm., depth 12 mm; fossette obscure; rudimentary lamelle coarse, rounded, 6 in the space of 5 mm.; a small space at the bottom of calix flat. The rudimentary lamelle converge to the fossette and to three other lines, uniting and giving to the calix a quadrangular form. Formation and locality. Corniferous limestone, Falls of the Ohio. CYSTIPHYLLUM TENUIRADIUS, 2. Sp. Corallum sub-cylindrical or elongate turbinate; exterior with nu- merous annulations of growth, which on weathering present the appear- ance of aseries of invaginated calices ; diameter of calix 35 mm., depth 20 mm., sides abrupt, a flat space at the bottom nearly 15 mm. in diam- eter ; number of lamelle about 120, of uniform size, extending nearly to the flat area at the bottom of the calix, entirely obscuring the cysts. The cysts appear indistinctly on the bottom of the calix and on the decorticated exterior. Formation and locality. Corniferous limestone, Falls of the Ohio. CYSTIPHYLLUM NANUM, 2. sp. Corallum sub-cylindrical, straight or curved, very gradually ex- panding ; exterior with numerous irregular annulations and constric- tions caused by intermittent growth; height of corallum 40 mm.; di- ameter of calix 10 mm., depth 8 mm., sides nearly vertical, leaving a comparatively broad, nearly flat space at the bottom; near the mar- gin are fine rudimentary lamellze becoming obsolete on the sides of the — calix ; cysts at the center sometimes 4 mm. in diameter. ‘This species is easily distinguished by its slender, elongate cylindrical form and its large cysts. | Formation and locality. Corniferous limestone, Falls of the Ohio. UpreR HELDERBERG GROUP. 461 _CYSTIPHYLLUM LATIRADIUS, 7. sp. Corallum simple, turbinate, straight or slightly curved, rapidly ex- panding; exterior with gentle undulations and sharp constrictions ; when decorticated it presents a very distinctly invaginated appearance ; height of corallum 60 mm.; calix broadly bell-shaped, diameter 60 mm., depth 20 mm., a flat space at the bottom about 10 mm. in di- ameter occupied by large cysts; near the margin are broad, gently rounded rudimentary lamelle of nearly uniform size, 6 or 7 in the space of 15 mm.; the cysts first appear at about 15 mm. from the mar- gin, growing larger as they approach the center; the broad plications either end abruptly or are continued on the cysts as fine interrupted strie. Ina transverse section the corallum appears to be formed of thin, superimposed lamin; in the manner of growth and appearance near the margin this species is very similar to a CHONOPHYLLUM. Formation and locality. Corniferous limestone, Falls of the Ohio. CYSTIPHYLLUM SUPRAPLANUM, 7. sp. Corallum simple, turbinate, proportional height and diameter vary- ‘ing in different individuals from 30 mm. in height and 30 mm. in di- ameter at the calix, to 20 mm. in height and 40 mm. in diameter, the corallum apparently consisting of thin, superimposed lamin; calix superficial, 40 mm. in diameter, a flat, smooth space at the center of 6 mm. in diameter ; the sides for a short distance abruptly ascending, then gently sloping to the margin; number of lamelle 100 or more, about one-half of them extending a short distance upon the flattened space at the bottom of the calix. On the upper surface of the calix the cysts are obsolete or indistinct, but on the under surface of the lam- ine they are frequently quite distinct. Formation and locality. Corniferous limestone, Falls of the Ohio. CYSTIPHYLLUM CRATERIFORME, 7. sp. Corallum simple, turbinate, straight or curved; height of an adult: individual 70 mm., diameter of calix 50 mm., depth 40 mm.; on the anterior side, commencing at the center and continuing to the mar- gin, are two slight depressions, distant from each other, at the mar- gin, 40 mm., the space between them nearly flat; this feature in some individuals is very distinct, in others more obscure ; no flattened space at the center of the calix, the sides regularly and abruptly sloping to the center ; cysts small, from 1 to 3 mm. in diameter,.most distinct near the margin and center; in other portions of the calix being ob- scured by the rudimentary lamelle, which are continuous, closely arranged and vary in number from 100 to 150. Formation and locality. Corniferous limestone, Falls of the Ohio. 462 THIRTY-FIFTH REPORT ON THE STATE Museum. CYSTIPHYLLUM PUSTULATUM, 7. sp. Corallum simple, turbinate, more or less rapidly expanding; pro- portional height and diameter varying ; in some individuals of 35 mm. in height the diameter of the calix is 55 mm., in others, having a height of 80 mm., the diameter of the calix is 40 mm.; exterior com- paratively smooth, with concentric wrinkles and striz, and distinct. external costz; calix from 20 to 35 mm. in depth, for a short dis- tance from the margin flat or gently curving, then abruptly and regu- larly sloping to the center; the entire surface of the calix shows prom- inent cysts from 1 to 3 mm. in diameter, increasing but little, if any, in size toward the center; occasionally a cyst occurs much larger than the ordinary ones; surface of the cysts marked by moderately coarse, interrupted striations. This species is apparently the only one from this locality in which the cysts are not more or less interrupted by the rudimentary lamellee. | Formation and locality. Corniferous limestone, Falls of the Ohio. CYSTIPHYLLUM INFUNDIBULUM, 1%. Sp. Corallum simple, elongate turbinate, usually straight; exterior comparatively smooth, with concentric wrinkles and striz; exter- nal cost distinct; height from 70 to 100 mm.; calix 50 mm. in diam- eter, depth 40 mm., margin thin, sides regularly sloping to the center, having the form of an inverted cone; except near the center the cysts are obsolete or greatly obscured by the rudimentary lamelle, which are rounded, apparently nodulose, and about 100 in number; on the decorticated surface the cysts are very distinct. This species most closely resembles C. crateriforme, but the rudimentary lamelle are much coarser, there being only thirteen in the space occupied by twenty-four in that species. Formation and locality. Corniferous limestone, Falls of the Ohio. CYSTIPHYLLUM OBLIQUUM, 7. sp. Corallum elongate turbinate, simple, height 70 mm.; calix shallow, very oblique, nearly parallel with the anterior side of the corallum, oval, length 30 mm., width 20 mm.; when the corallum is decor- ticated the lower margins of the successive calices have the appearance of crenulated tabule ; rudimentary lJamellee six in the space of 10 mm., length 5 or 6 mm. from the margin ; commencing at the center of the calix and continuing to the anterior margin is a rounded eleva- tion, which for’ about 7 mm. is very prominent, thence gradually sub- siding and becoming inconspicuous; from the center nearly to the posterior margin is a narrow depression; the posterior wall of the calix is nearly vertical, 4 mm. in depth, the other portions gently — slope to the line along the middle. Formation and locality. Corniferous limestone, Falls of the Ohio. x : _ Upper HELDERBERG Group. (463 Oe eae _ OYSTIPHYLLUM SCALATUM, %. sp. ; Corallum simple, elongate, curved, sometimes tortuous; exterior with numerous concentric wrinkles and constrictions caused by inter- ae mittent growth ; height of corallum 45 mm.; diameter of the calix 15 ae mm., depth 15 mm.; for a distance of 4 mm. from the margin of the ‘oat -ealix the walls are thin and vertical, then for the space of 2 mm. flat, _ again vertical for the space of 3 mm., thence sloping to the bottom of Esher the calix ; a strong, rounded elevation extends from the center to the anterior margin ; rudimentary lamelle on the sloping portion of the calix strong, 1 m. in width, bifurcating as they approach the margin. | The broad rudimentary lamelle resemble those of CysTIPHYLLUM, but the cysts, if they exist, are very obscure, In the shape of the __ ¢alix it varies from any known species. | ™ : Formation and locality. Corniferous limestone, New York. CYSTIPHYLLUM STRIATURA, 2. Sp. feos Corallum simple, elongate turbinate, curved, acute at the base, reg- - ularly expanding to the calix; height 45 mm.; calix 15 mm. in diam- | eter, depth 8 mm., regularly concave; fossette narrow, extending ie _ from the center to the anterior margin ; a space at the center 5-mm. ____ in diameter convex, nearly smooth; number of rudimentary lamelle g 30, of equal size, converging to the fossette and convex area at the - center; no cysts visible in the calix; when decorticated the cysts a1 _ yery distinct on the exterior. — _ Formation and locality. Corniferous limestone, New York. — ioe COLEOPHYLLUM, wn. «a. | ES: : Cyathophylloid corals, growing singly; the substance composed ee _ chiefly of a series of closely arranged, invaginated tabule, which are ‘more or less oblique to the axis; rays obscure or obsolescent; calices b>. oblique. | = Owing to the partial development or incomplete continuity of the _ tabule, broad, shallow vesicles are sometimes. formed. j Be COLEOPHYLLUM ROMINGERI, wn. sp. a ge es. Corallum simple, straight, erect. Tabule extremely oblique, ___ elosely arranged, scarcely united along the posterior median line; rays ; fine, obscure, becoming obsolete toward the middle of the shallow _ calyx, and converging toward the posterior fossette. Base of attach- ment expanded. ! : | Bae The specimen figured is astraight, erect form, partially silicified and Se decorticated. The exterior had originally fine longitudinal strie. In ES its present condition the posterior side is marked by a narrow slit or a -. z fissure, which is apparently due to a deep fossette on this side, and has i o become conspicuous by the removal of the epitheca. : oe = Lormation and locality.— Corniferous limestone, Falls of the Ohio. | 464 THIRTY—FIFTH REPORT ON THE STATE MUSEUM. COLEOPHYLLUM PYRIFORME, 2. sp. Corallum obliquely turbinate, curved, regularly enlarging from the apex; calyx of moderate depth, oblique, much shallower at the poste- rior side; the invaginated tabule closely arranged, and marked bya — fossette on the posterior side; rays fine, converging and fasciculating —_— toward the fossette, the rays on the posterior side having a coarser aspect. Exterior marked by longitudinal striz, and on the convex side by distinct annulations. This species has a neat symmetrical form, with broad elliptical calyx. The specimens are silicified, and on that account the parts are not so clearly defined. Formation and locality.— Corniferous limestone, Falls of the Ohio. Other species of this genus are known in the Upper Helderberg limestone, in the State of New York. DESCRIPTIONS ' OF THE SPECIES OF FOSSIL RETICULATE SPONGES, i: CONSTITUTING THE FAMILY DICTYOSPONGID&. Ht Be Juin HALL. Ber if : _ In 1882 the writer communicated to the American Association for _ the Advancement of Science, at its meeting in Montreal, some ‘‘ Notes on the Family Dictyospongide,” accompanied by lithographed plates trating the genera CYATHOPHYCUS, DICTYOPHYTON, PHRAGMODIOTYA, CLATHROSPONGIA, PHYSOSPONGIA, and, showing their relations to _ ‘UPHANT#NIA. The paper was not communicated for publication ; but pi an abstract, together with the plates and explanations, “ subject to re- ___Yision,” was placed in the hands of the secretary for preservation. ee The delay in printing the Museum Report has afforded an oppor- tunity of acquiring material for a farther study and review of the va characters and relations of the forms indicated in the original title. Several new species have been added, and some additional knowledge 1 has been obtained regarding their habit of growth and mode of oc- “ _ currence. On account of the continued delay it has been deeuied advisable to Be set the following abstract from the memoir on these fossils as hy "already prepared for publication. _ The structure of the frond, which characterizes every member of this family, may be described as a reticulation of tubular spicules, _ forming rectangular meshes. In the simpler forms these meshes ' alternate in size and strength, owing to the regular alternation in the _. size of the bundles of spicules, which determine the meshes. In the __ prismatic and nodose forms, certain bundles of spicules become very -. much developed, and produce the charactistic form and ornamentation | of the cup. The middle layer is uniformly reticulate; while the inner and superficial layers show an oblique and sometimes a radiate Te arrangement of spicules. [In the highly ornamented species, the out- is eee of spicules is often produced into tufts, spines, and intersecting laa or lamine, of greater or less prominence. Leech Doe. No. 38.] 59 from the 35th Report on the State Museum of Natural History, illus- _ : cS aaa DEP. aoe We AOR age cataeeassTA" ys Ogu ay 9 Sey THIRTY-FIFTH REPORT oN THE STATE MusEuM. plain structure.” * ton. , CHARACTERS OF THE GENERA. CYATHOPHYCUS. | “ Hollow membraneous fronds with an opening at the upper ex. 4 tremity of the frond, elongate or hemispherical in form ; reticulate ‘or “9 DICTYOPHYTON. eS Turbinate, cylindrical or prismatic forms which may be infundi- J buliform above, ‘consisting of a reticulate envelope, externally — marked by longitudinal and transverse striz which divide the surface’ into minute rectangular spaces. Surface sometimes bullate or nodose from the abrupt expansion of the envelope. ECTENODICTYA, 2. 9. - alae Discoid, globose, ovoid or irregularly expanding or explanate forms, consisting of a reticulate frond or envelope. ~ - Several species referred to this genus are broadly spreading forms — ie which are flattened, discoid or subovoid in form, sometimes gi conforming to the sea-bottom and variously infolded or plicated. . The reticulation is irregular, presenting radiating and concentric : _ gtrize which are frequently interrupted and altered in their direction. — Pye i LYRODICTYA, 7”. g. Cyathiform fronds of a very fine reticulate tissue, composed of stel- en late spicules, with broad, strong, longitudinal ~ bands of acicular ; spicules showing an alternating bifurcation. | THAMNODICTYA, 7. 9. ie Fronds tubular below, rapidly expanding and cyathiform or in- Se as fundibuliform above, with twelve strong longitudinal ridges : ae ie the surface into twelve areas. Substance reticulate, as in Dictate : . a This genus was originally included among the typical forms ne a Dictyophyton, but in the literature upon this subject the term has_ a generally been applied to such forms as D. tuberosum and D. Conradt, and it would be unwise at the present time to restrict its application Fp as originally proposed. Oo ae ee \ f PHRAGMODICTYA, 2. ¢. he ee x Cylindrical or cup-shaped fronds, with a concave diaphragm near the broadly expanded base. » ee. Substance composed of a reticulate tissue of six and three-radiate spicules and long cylindrical rods. / | LEA NI Hie F : Semen | a - Spoxens. ae ate " CLEODICTYA, ne g m diy ane from the | base to a dibmlanice-« or henae a a _ form, bearing a row of large rounded nodes on the Pee ; ra i ly contracted above and extending in a oylindrical or panding form. mee composed of a regular lattice-work of six- radiate Bre ndles or larger acicular ae nes Pe a Veta PHYSOSPONGIA, M g: nd Peidrical or cyathiform, expanding from the base. Surface _ ed into from eight to twenty-four longitudinal areas by bands af ° | ‘spicules, and into regular quadrules by concentric bandsof __ . The surfaces of these larger quadrules are alternately ale.) ieee d depressed, giving a bullate appearance to the cup. The~ composing the bands are very elongate rods having an anchor- | i ean d extremity with the lateral processes much extended. Inter- e tissue finelv reticulate. The spicules of the superficial layere: --5ee a radiate arrangement and are often produced into tufts or es from. the summits of the bulle. ; aes ee : UPHANTANIA. 7 ircular ee composed of ligulate radiating and concentric bands, or ra _ the inclosed large quadrules free from any tissue. — BN a e bands show fine reticulate strie similar to Dictyophyton. ‘The oon ae ins of the ligule are thickened, probably from the aggregation, oe picu les. : ‘ ! DESCRIPTION OF SPECIES. a o CYATHOPHYCUS RETICULATUS. Plate 18, Fig. 1. 4 ede a — Cyathophycus reticulatus, Waucorr. Trans. Albany Inst., x p18: pl. @ figs. : i 16 a-d. 1879. i Cap elongate turbinate, hollow; length about three times the ae, ameter ; gradually enlarging from the initial point to near the sum-- mit, whence the tube is gradually contracted to the aperture. — Base attenuate, | fe Structure reticulate. Surface usually entire, sometimes showing a Mes u low elevation of the surface or an obscure node in each large quadrule. — . An ordinary specimen has a length of 95 mm., with a diameter of 28 mm. in its compressed condition. _ Formation and locality. In the Utica slate; Holland, Patent, ? : sa Oneida county, N. Y. Pa ca a : CYATHOPHYCUS SUBSPHERICUS. ae Cyathophyou ee Watcotrt. Trans. Albany Inst., vol. x, p. 19, pl: 2h Ce fig. 17. 1879. Ppa: Ap “i ~The original description of this species is as follows: “ Hollow. Ba 4 membraneous fronds with a circular opening at, the apex of a nearly = hemispheric body.” - srt a ‘This species is less firm in structure than the preceding, there being no thickening of the cell walls to give the reticulated appear- ance and to preserve the form, which varies from circular to oval, as h if a hemispheric body had been pressed flat. In an example thueeee a We centimetres in diameter ; the circular opening is nine millimetres in “4 diameter.” Formation and spatii Utica slate; town of Trenton, Oneida county, N. Y. : DICcTYOPHYTON HAMILTONENSE, nN. Sp. oly Cup broadly cyathiform, expanding rapidly from an obtuse base ; : eee length and breadth, in the specimen as preserved, about equal. Base : 3 broad and irregularly nodose with fascicles of spicules extending sare downward, forming media for attachment. Surface very coarsely reticulate with strong nodose radiating and concentric elevated ridges. Intermediate spaces very finely reticulate, and ornamented by irregular nodes or nodose ridges. The specimen, which is imperfect i in the upper part, has a lemgth of 95 mm., with an equal diameter in its compressed state. i aR a Formation and locality. In the shales of the Hamilton group a - shore of Canandaigua lake, N. Y. a int i= | Foss, Remourare Sponcrs. Pay mrt Dreryorayron PATULUM, Ne SD.’ part of the frond spreading, widely. aniindibalicoent rface marked by strong radii with slight elevations of the sub- indicating a division into, probably, elght areas. ‘Intermediate ce Yeticulated with radii and transverse lines of alternating de- of strength. ‘he specimen described has a height of about 63 mm., and a br adth at the top of 130 mm., at the base a greatest diameter of 60 mm: and a smallest diameter of 35mm. The ovate form of the trans. __ * __verse section is due to compression. The original extent of the lower - portion: of the frond is unknown. Formation and locality. In a sandstone of the Chemung group ; : - Coheeton, Steuben county, N. Y. Aig ' Se DICTYOPHYTON EN : ‘ 5 ath te Dietyophyton Bennetts Haun. Sixteenth Rept. State Cab. Nat. Hist, p. %, A ; 90, pl. 3, fig. 4. 1863. Mie ak \ Cup robust cylindrical, elongate. Base unknown. ea Surface strongly reticulate, and with gentle undulating aniiilacinn a ee ~The fragment, described has a length of 95 mm., and a greatest “te _ width of 47 mm. A Sag x Formation and locality. In the Chemung group; Chemung Nar- i ore y rows. N. Y. : | Mee ea DICTYOPHYTON, RUDE. 5 re Sete Sixteenth Rept. State Cab. Nat. Hist., p. 90, pl. 5, oe: je. Need. 7 1863. Ne Tat bia cylindrical, with coarse elevated cancellating ridges and inter- Gimp mediate longitudinal and transverse fine strie. ae ie velhe fragment has a length of 138 mm., and a diameter i in itscom- pressed condition of 63 mm. he _ It is very remarkable for the great prominence of the stronger AM Oe tae strix, and the nodose character developed at their intersection. Savior { a Formation and locality. In the Chemung group; Little Genesee, Alleghany county, N.Y. yale DICTYOPHYTON PRISMATICUM, 2. sp Plate 18, Fig. 2. _ Cup extremely elongate, narrow, somewhat regularly octagonal, — osm , prismatic ; straight or slightly curved. Tube a little flattened later- ally, and giving an octagonal section having a shorter diameter from _ two-thirds to four-fifths of the longitudinal diameter. Base attenu- * ‘sa rey eralualty expanding. | | ae 470 ‘THIRTY-FIFTH Report ON THE STATE MusEuM. Surface nanealiaved iy longitudinal ag concentric strie wee aren. regularly alternating in three degrees of strength, and with the inter- s any mediate spaces finely reticulated. The angles of the prism showan _ expansion or fimbria extending one or two mm. beyond the tube. A small specimen has a length of 95 mm., the smallest diameter at _ the top is 18 mm and the largest diameter i is 24mm. A larger speci- — Ps men has a length of 160 mm., and a diameter of 16 mm. at the ba Peta and 26 mm. at the larger end. een 4 yale ‘ hy } Formation and localities. In the upper part of the Chemung group; _ vig humerous specimens have been found near Concord station, Erie = -county, and Warren, Pa. . i DICTYOPHYTON TELUM, 2. sp. Cup prismatic, small, rapidly enlarging from the base for about a. one-third of its length, thence gradually attenuating toward the aper- ture, with four scarcely perceptible undulations, transverse section octagonal. Base essentially entire, showing a small cicatrice for at- tachment. Aperture slightly contracted. , Surface finely reticulate, with a single stronger striation along the middle of each face. Angles well-defined, marked at distant intervals — by low scarcely defined nodes which indicate the intersection of stronger transverse strive, giving the appearance of very slight annulations to the prism. _ A small entire specimen has a length of 65 mm., a greatest diameter _ of 15 mm. and a transverse diameter of 12 mm. Formation and locality. In the shaly sandstone of the Cheater ae group; Cattaraugus county, N. Y. ge DICTYOPHYTON FILITEXTILE. Dictyophyton filitectile, Haun. Sixteenth Rept. State Cab. Nat. Hist., p. 88, pl. 4, fig. 5. 1863. k Cup cylindrical, tubular, very eecually enlarging from the base I upward. 2 The striz are sharp, linear, and in three degrees of prominence. ae eas the longitudinal direction there is a very slight angularity, or greater = prominence, at regular intervals of every eighth striation. are sch The fragment has a length of 65 mm. and a greatest width of 16 mm. Formation and locality. In a shaly sandstone of -the Chemung > group; Steuben county, N. Y. — “Nei hsae DICTYOPHYTON IRREGULARE, 2. sp, Cup turbinate, cylindrical. : ‘Surface coarsely cancellate by transverse and radiating strie, with — some remains of several transverse, stronger nodose striz which pro- rie Rei A iy ay He - { RC, tie a ‘ ‘A vat Foss RETICULATE SPONGES. | AY ce gentle undulations in the tube. The finer reticulating striae, if ver existing, have been removed by maceration. | _ ‘The specimen has a length of 70 mm., and the two diameters of the compressed specimen are 13 and 25 mm. respectively. # — Formation and locality. Inthe Chemung group; Ithaca, N. Y. Nes rin ae DICTYOPHYTON BACULUM, 7. sp. seis | concave, attenuate toward the base; very gradually enlarging from the base to a point above the middle, above which the tube is more rapidly expanding. Base unknown. : Surface marked by strong longitudinal and transverse strie, between which are other striz of two degrees of strength, which separate the _ surface into quadrules of finer reticulations. 3 _ The specimen described, which is imperfect below, has a length of _ 150 mm., and it has probably been more than 200 mm. in length in __ its original condition. At the lower part of the specimemas preserved, | it measures in its two diameters 22 and 30 mm. respectively. Its greatest diameter in the upper part is 44 mm. Formation and locality. In the sandstone of the Chemung group; found loose at Wellsville, Alleghany county, N. Y.. Reyes | e N a , _ DIcTYOPHYTON PARALELLUM, n. sp. ; : _ Oup prismatic, very gradually enlarging, octagonal in transverse 7 ~ section, but with the angles subdued; intermediate spaces slightly convex. Base unknown. | | | POS Surface finely reticulate. ____ The specimen is an impression of the exterior in argillaceous sand- Reais ied — —— —~Pormation and locality. In the Chemung group ; precise locality — unknown. (ja Ras ' OR: ‘ a tee DicTYOPHYTON CONRADY. ‘ i b Plate 18, Figs. 3, 4, 4a. < ae . : Dictyophyton Conradi, Haun. Sixteenth Ann. Rept. State Cab. Nat. Hist., ee } p. 89, pl. 5, fig. 2; pl. 5 a., fig. 2. 1863. Cup subturbinate, slightly curved, flattened; transverse section octagonal, having the proportions of about as two to three, and in ____ the upper part where compressed, about as three to eight. - Base at- ___ tenuate, somewhat rapidly expanding above, increasing from 12 mm. ____ near the base to 45 mm. near the summit in the distance of 210 mm. _____ tuberances produced by the depression and elevation of the surface Bae between the angles. ntire surface reticulate by longitudinal and Ras, * ; : dy Ay s ; Cup prismatic, distinctly octagonal, the side being flat or slightly : stone, having a length of 130 mm., and the divergence of the angles ~ __, The upper part of the tube as preserved, is marked by strong pro- ~ é -_ 472. transverse stric. “Phere isa stronger anon ee the middle of each face. + Meet The length of the specimen described, which is the only one yet observed, and is imperfect in the upper part, is 130 mm., with a greatest . diameter in the upper part of 45 mm. ~ Ne iy Formation and locality, In the Chemung group ; ; Be Uat- Me 4 taraugus county, N. Y. ee DICTYOPHYTON ANNULATUM. , SH a) Nee Plate 18, Fig. 5. Hee ies) Dietyophyton annulatum, Haun. ame Rept. State Cab. Nat. Hist., ] p. 90, ‘- oh pl. 8, fig. 8. 1863. %, “ up cylindrical, annulated, without nodes, and having a finely | reticulate surface. si Site ad * . The fragment has a eth of 60 mm., with a diameter of Baers rit: mm. between the annulations. 1. ee Formation and locality. ome group ; western part of New 2 Works . | DICTYOPHYTON CINOTUM, %. sp. \ Cup elongate, turbinate or subcylindrical. Base unknown. Surface very finely reticulated, with the distinction between the finer and coarser striz very subordinate. ‘Tube strongly annulated ; annulations abrupt, subequidistant. The depressions are about equal ee in width to the annulations, There are six annulations in the length of 85 mm. on one side of a large specimen, andupon the other side __ there are four annulations in the length of 65 mm. Bae (i The entire dimensions of the cup are unknown. A fragment much #)) %. compressed, and preserving a length of 110 mm., has a width of 120° em mm. in its compressed condition, and shows very little diminution in the diameter of the tube in the length of the fragment. A small specimen in the same association has a length of 53 mm., withadi, —— ameter at the larger end of 12 mm., and at the base, which is Im pers. fect, of 7 mm, ,The tube shows eight annulations ; ; the five — upper ones being somewhat flattened and with a depression along their summits, showing a tendency to duplication. In the depressions be- tween the annulations there is a stronger concentric striation. aren. Formation and locality. In a sandstone of the Chemung group; _ from a boulder at Hrie, Pa. ate ‘le >» =~; DICTYOPHYTON NODOSUM. © ee Teme Plate 18, Fig. 6. Dictyophyton nodosum, Hau. Sixteenth,Ann. Rept. ‘State Cab. Nat. Hist. ge p. 91, pl. 3, fig. 2. 1863. ben Cup prismatic, very gradually enlarging above. Base unknown. ee Surface somewhat strongly reticulate ; angles bearing strong round ed nodes. ! | My 53) Nom A NOP j Mt } a thd Lilt ats us. ues % P i ae re : Cee { lea ‘ pS ty i og j ‘ i A Yayu “Fosst REvIcULATE SPONGES. at Hoe ae 4) ’ nodes more nearly parallel, smaller, and more closely arranged in rows | anes they are not angular. i _ Formation and locality. in an argillaceous sandstone of the Che- "mung group; Steuben county, N. Y. DICTYOPHYTON TUBEROSUM. Plate 18, Figs. 7, 8. Hydnoceras tuberosum, Conrad. Jour. Nat. Sci. Phil., vol. viii, p. 267, pl. 16, fig.1. 1842. | _ Dictyophyton tuberosum (Conrad), Haun. Sixteenth Rept. State Cab. Nat. Seee rast), p. 90, pl. 3, fic. 1.''1863. >. i Not Dictyophyton tuberosum (CONRAD), BARROIS. Memoire sur les Dictyo- _—_——s spongide; Ex. des Ann. de Ja Soc. Geol. du Nord, t., Xi, p- 82, "pl. 1, fig, 1. 1888. _ Cup turbinate, elongate, more or less expanded above, attenuate | below. : ‘Surface ornamented by strong elevated nodes, which are arranged a in regular order longitudinally and transversely. ‘The transverse | ranges are in four pairs, making eight nodes in the circumference. The intermediate spaces are concave and the interval between each - eal, often becoming compressed and subcuneate at’ the extremity. _ Entire surface reticulate with longitudinal and transverse striee which are continued over the nodes. In well-preserved specimens the. fas- _ eicles in the line of ‘the nodes are extended into longitudinal ele- oe _ yated lamelle, which are produced into spiniform extensions of the ____ erests of the nodes. Specimens vary in length from 150 to 250 mm., and in diameter at Bir the largest end from 25 to 130 mm. or more. group ; in Howard, Addison and Cohocton, Steuben county, N. Y. les t ; . ne ea DICTYOPHYTON SACCULUM, 2. sp. i _ Dietyophyton Redfieldi? Hatt. Sixteenth Rept. State Cab. Nat. Hist., pl. 4,. es | | OM fig 56. AASB, | toy. Cup cylindrical, short ; length once and a.half the width in acom- Fs, jes gureseed specimen. Surface coarsely reticulate, without nodes, the larger striee not being very conspicuous. The compressed specimen has a haa of 33 mm. and a width in ~ ___ the middle of 20 mm. | ich In the original publication this Species was referred with doubt to Dz Redfieldi, but a critical examination shows it to be entirely distinct. i Ee Specimen is probably incomplete. ia (i } _ [Sen. Doc. No- 38.] 60 \ Formation and localities. In the upper part of the Chemung “the: Bice has a length of 60 mm. the distance between the | hare Tt Tigers from D. tuberosum in having the longitudinal rows of ‘row is also broadly concave. The nodes are themselves elongate-coni- 4We Wig ss LE 474 'T'uirvy-rirra Report ON THE State Museum. Formation and locality. In the micaceous sandstones on the ‘| Waverly group ; : ‘Richfield, ‘Ohio. ee 7. eeeroenyTon TENUE. | es Plate 19, Fig. 5. | Wie. ee Ductyophyton tenue, Haunt. Notes on the Family Dictyospongide ; prekenal at for the 35th Rept. N. Y. State Museum Nat. Hist., pl. 18, fig. 5. 1882. o i Cup apparently broadly funnel- shaped ; entire form and proportions. Sia 2 unknown. Base narrow. ae Surface marked by strong vertical and concentric striz which are comparatively approximate ; the intermediate spaces very finely - re-_ ticulate. The frond is ornamented by broad rounded nodes, pro-_ duced by the abrupt swelling of the surface. “ 4 The fragment described is about 45 mm. long and 30 mm. wide. Formation and locality. In the Waverly group; Warren, Pa. DICTYOPHYTON (CLATHROSPONGIA) ABACUS. Plate 19, Figs. 2-4. Clathrospongia abacus, Haut. Notes on the Family Dictyospongide ; prelim, Ri: for the 35th Rept. Pl. 19, figs. 2-4. 1882. rin Cup turbinate, length a little more than twice the greatest diamaree Base narrow and attenuate. rc Surface marked by vertical and transverse alate expansions, which “7% extend beyond the body for a distance of about eight mm., intersect- ing each other at right angles, and presenting a deeply fenestrate as- athe pect. The entire surface, both of the body and expansions, is finely reticulate. When the alations are removed, or broken away, their ; bases leave strong vertical and _ transverse ridges. There are twelve (> radiating ridges in the entire circumference of the cu r An imperfect specimen has a length of 100 mm. and a diameter of | about 45 mm. at the larger end. Formation and ae In the sandstone of the Waverly proupee Warren, Pa. e | DIcTYOPHYTON (?) REDFIELDI. Plate 18, Fig. 9. eee oe Redjfieldi, ee Sixteenth Rept. State Cab. Nat. Hist., p. 88, , pl. 5, fig. 1, and pl. 5a, fig. 1. 1863. — Cup subcyiindrical, broader below, gently contracting to a wot ea above the middle of its height, thence abruptly enlarging to a broad ~ flabellate or infundibuliform expansion. Base broader than pes body Ry above. ay Surface cancellated by almost equal, strong, thread-like se: 7 ¢ the intermediate spaces finely reticulate. The specimen is imperfect at both extremities, and somewhat com- : pressed. The length preserved is 200 mm., the width at base more Fossit Renicvnams pranea | 475 ia 80 mm. In the middle of it length it has a width of 40 mm., at the ‘greatest breadth above is 105 mm. In the Waverly sandstone; Harrisville Sen Me . tos DICTYOPHYTON CYLINDRICUM. rw 3 Dietyophyton CLS able WHITFIELD. Bulletin No.1, Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., Pate PHI ol. Aes. yLOSW. sts ‘ The specimen described in the Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History is apparently a portion of a flattened cylindrical tube, showing very fine surface reticulations, in which the stronger strize are not * preéminently conspicuous, but sufficiently so to divide _ the surface into quadrules of finer reticulations. The coarse trans- Bi, verse and longitudinal rod-like spicules are shown in the specimen, f BS but they do not afford any specific characters under the microscope. The fragment is incomplete at both extremities, having a length of 65 mm. and a width in its compressed condition of 57 mm. _ In its sur- face markings the specimen bears no very close resemblance to any other known species. tay on pays ma Formation and locality. In the shales of the Keokuk group ; ' Crawfordsville, Indiana. ECTENODICTYA IMPLEXA. - ha a : Plate 19, Fig. 1. Dictyophyton implexum, Haru. Notes on the Family Dictyospongide ; pre- lim. to the 35th Rept. pl. 18, fig. 1. 1882. _____ Frond a reticulate expansion, assuming a variety of form from pres- i oe sure or other causes ; the original form has been apparently broadly - funnel-shaped or ovoid. Base unknown. Surface cancellate by strong concentric and vertical striz; the inter- _ mediate spaces finely reticulate by filiform striee, which cross each other rectangularly. The body presents prominences, or protuberances, which are not sufficiently elevated to be termed nodes. A large imperfect specimen, which is distorted by compression, has a length of 180 mm. and a width of about 93 mm. The specimens of this species are all more or less distorted ; they 3 appear as broad funnel-shaped expansions without evidence of a dis- _ tinct tubular base, and are usually fragmentary. oa Formation and localities. In sandstones of the Waverly group, at. Warren and Oil City, Pa. , i ECTENODICTYA EXPANSA. Plate 20, Fig: 10. Srey nicdiciya’ ? expansd, Haut. Notes on the Family PC apospeneidaa, Bey et lim. for the 35th Rept., pl. 19, fig. 10. 1883. _ Frond explanate, discoid or flabelliform. Base unknown. group; Crawfordsville, Ind. 476 Hae FIFTH. REpoRT oN THE Srare Musnum. ee 4 Surface closely relianiitied by strong radiating and concen ine aver which are somewhat irregular in their arrangement. « Margin lic or subnodose. The disc is likewise marked by distant stronger striae dividing the surface into larger quadrules, but their regular recurrence ees cannot be determined over the entire surface. Thespecimen preserves — but a single surface, and is a part of a subcircular discoid form lying — upon the nearly plane surface of the matrix, and parallel to the lines ne of bedding, as shown by the ripple-marks upon the opposite side. — « The fragment described has a diameter of 145mm. _ Me Formation and locality. In sandstone of the Waverly group, Dat ee Warren, Pa. i ae ECTENODICTYA BURLINGTONENSIS, 7. sp. ‘ ' Frond flabellate or explanate. iy) Surface reticulate by radiating and concentric strie. The concen- | tric striz are nearly equidistant, about two in the space of threemm. The radiating strive are somewhat more distant ; between each pairof these are quadrules of finer reticulations. The radiating strie are sometimes fasciculate and irregular, the fascicles dispersing and their’, individuality lost toward the outer margin. Ati The fragment described has a length of about 150 mm., the greatest anes width at the outer extremity is about 120 mm. a a - Formation and locality. In the yellow sandstones below the lime-: stone, at Burlington, Iowa. | } eam ECTENODICTYA ECCENTRICA. Plate 20, Fig. 1. ieee Phragmodictya eccentrica, Haun. Notes on the Family Dictyospongide: ; pre- lim. for the 35th Rept., pl. 19, fig. 1. 1882. Discoid, with the margins incurved ; or forming shallow saucer- shaped fronds. eee Surface marked by radiating and concentric striz, with the inter- — mediate spaces finely reticulate. ‘Toward the periphery the surface shows undulations, with a tendency to plication. \ A small specimen has a diameter of about 85 mm. | Formation and locality. In the calcareous shales of the Keokuk ie LiropicryA ROMINGERI, 7. sp. ie Cup infundibuliform or flabelliform ; entire frond unknown. ot Surface reticulate by strong radiating and concentric strie, which are subequidistant and closely arranged, dividing the entire ‘surface ms into smaller quadrules of finer reticulations. ‘The surface is ae ‘ divided into longitudinal areas about 15 mm. in width, limited by — strong radiating bands of spicules. ) Snide me t ‘ fm : Fi i ; ey a Mm ni A 4 i i ; uy). , “aah ; 4 ; \ c ; 1 Nata EA eee aia oem i Milner ‘ “i a y E SPONGES. ae AUT i} Fossin RETICULAT x Formation and locality. In the calcareous shale of the Lower Car- _boniferous group ; Crawfordsville, Ind. | THAMNODICTYA NEWBERRYI. ee Plate 18, Figs. 10, 11. ‘ \_—~Dictyophyton Newberryi, Hay. Sixteenth Rept. on the N. Y. State Cab. of Ae ( Nat. Hist., p. 87, pl. 4, figs. 1-38. 1863. i ig __ Frond abruptly attenuate near the base, cylindrical above, becoming __ infundibuliform toward the aperture. | | Surface strongly marked with radiating and concentric strive; the | stronger ones in both directions nearly equidistant, except near the - __ intercalation of a radiating band, between these strive are quadrules -__ of finer reticulations. | | -—-—siTIn. a: well-preserved specimea there is a series of more distant and ~~ ‘junction. The radiating striz divide the surface into twelve subequal ne areas ; which features prevail both upon the pedicel and the expanded ea ron, . : a A separated pedicel has a length of 150 mm., and in its compressed _ » condition it has a longer diameter near the base of 46 mim., with a shorter diameter of 15 mm. At the upper portion, where it begins — _____ to expand, it has a longer diameter of 65 mm., and a shorter diameter —. of 16mm. A small specimen shows a portion of the pedicel about +40 mm. long, with the infundibuliform expansion of about 50 mm. in ~~ length. The diameter of this portion in its flattened condition is about 100 mm. | _ ——s- Formation and localities.. In the shaly and iaminated sandstone of the Waverly group; at Cuyahoga Falls, and in more shaly beds at Richfield, Ohio. ® & . PHRAGMODICTYA CATILLIFORMIS. ix . Plate 18, Figs. 12-14; Pl. 20, Figs. 2, 3; Pl. 21, Figs. 1-6. ent Diciyophyton catilliforme, WHITFIELD. Bulletin No.1, Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., Pvts, era, fig, 1.1881; ~~ —~Phragmodictya scyphus, Hau. Notes on the Family Dictyospongide; pre- a lim. for the 35th Rept., pl. 17,'figs. 12, 138; pl. 19, figs. 2, 8; pl. 10, figs. 1- ae 6. 1882. i) aR “o Cup subcylindrical, or more or less gradually or rapidly expanding ____tonear the aperture. Walls of the cup supported by a strong trans- __—_verse septum and surrounded by an irregular plicate expansion of the substance of the tube. Frond composed of finely reticulate tissue. bes Surface ornamented by elongate nodes and ridges. The expansion from the base is sometimes regularly plicate and the margin scol- '___ loped, showing the same reticulate tissue that pervades the entire frond. The septum is concavo-convex and composed of fine reticu- _ late tissue with stronger radiating striae, stronger radiating and concentric strive, which are nodose at their i) 478 © Tes FIFTH REPORT ON THE STATE Musnem, The dinenaens are Paticly variable. A small olden ‘speaic: < ‘men, somewhat compressed, with a length of 90 mm., has a diameter near the top of 30 mm., and within one- fourth of its’ length from the upper extremity the dimer is 38. A compressed specimen of medium size has a height of 100 mm., a diameter at the diaphragm — of 65 mm. and at the other extremity "’8 mm. _ The largest specimen seen is obliquely compressed, hee a diameter © at the septum of 135 mm., and at the top (which is incomplete at the — margin) the width is over 200mm. The smallest diaphragm measures about 16 mm., and there are many between this size and 100 mm. ‘The largest diaphragm measures 125 mm. in its greatest diameter, and 95 mm. in the transverse diameter, and the same specimen, including the expanded border, measures in its greatest diameter 185 mm., and ‘ in its transverse diameter 150 mm. # Formation and locality. In the shales of the Keokuk group; ; Crawfordsville, Ind. - PHRAGMODICTYA LINEATA. Plate 21, Fig. 8. Phragmodictya lineata, Hatu. Notes on the Family Dictyospongide ; — ee. for the 35th Rept., pl. 20, fig. 8. 1882. The specimen is a flattened cylindrical body, having a lengths about three times its width. One extremity is truncated by: a convex septum with a strong excentric cicatrice. Surface rather coarsely reticulate, the longitudinal and transverse strie being of nearly equal strength, and nodose at their intersection. The length of the fragment is 65 mm., width across the septum 28 mm., nile in the middle of its length pout 20 mm. os This species differs from P. catilliformis i in its much smaller size, - more convex septum, stronger reticulating striz and absence of nodes or ridges. Formation and locality. Keokuk group ; Grawto denne Ind. PHRAGMODICTYA PATELLIFORMIS, 2. Sp. The specimen described is a septum of a species of this genus, pre- serving some small portions of the cylindrical body or cup. Form) ovate, patelliform ; apex excentric ; longitudinal diameter one-seventh greater than the transverse diameter. : Surface radiatingly striate from the apex ; strie increasing in num- ber and strength as they approach the margin. Tine radiating and concentric striz reticulate the surface; with stronger radii composed of fascicles of finer strie, which become ‘nodose toward the periphery. The greatest leneth of the septum is 135 mm. and the greatest width is 115 mm. The length from the cicatrice to the distal margin : . is 100 mm., the transverse diameter through the apex is 100 mm. Formation and locality. In the calcareous shales of the Keokuk group; Crawfordsville, Ind. / a ~ ne Oe as ‘eee ae 9 ae ee me ae b aR - ‘Rossin RericunaTe SPoncEs. eh A%9 o) | ee ta CLEODICTYA | GLORIOSA, 7”. sp. oi Frond large, urn-shaped, rotund below and tapering toward the ' base, ventricose above, and the prominent portion of the periphery | above the nodes and continuing in a subcylindrical form, which _ gradually expands above. Entire form unknown. 4 | Frond composed of reticulate tissue. The stronger vertical and transverse striz are somewhat irregularly disposed, owing to the in- equality of the surface, but including between them quadrules of finer tissue. | 3 A large imperfect frond has a height of 200 mm., a greatest diame- _ ter measuring across the nodose periphery of 220 mm., the transverse diameter in the same plane is about 135 mm., the difference being due to compression. At the constriction above the nodes the diameters — ® _are respectively 70 and 130 mm. The transverse section was originally circular. A section of a smaller specimen, or ofa continuation of ___»© the tube at a higher point, is nearly circular, having one diameter 110 mm. and the other 115 mm., to the periphery formed by the nodes, _ while the continuation of the tube above measures 65 mm. by 70 mm. ee This is a most remarkable species, varying, both in its general form Ae and magnitude, and in the development of its twelve peripheral nodes, _ from any known form of this family. _. - Formation and locality. In a sandstone which comes above the | __ Shaly beds, at Crawfordsville, Ind., of the age of the Lower Carbonif- -_ erous limestones. | ee CLEODICTYA ? MORI, 7. sp. Cup ventricose below, cylindrical and gently contracted in the mid- dle, somewhat spreading toward the aperture ; length more than twice © - the diameter through the middle of its extent. Base unknown. ie Surface finely reticulate, with stronger longitudinal and transverse _ strize at intervals of three to fivemm. ‘The inflated portion below the middle presents several broad low bulle. ) | ss The specimen described, which is imperfect at both extremities, has a length of 140 mm., the diameter in the middle of its length is - oe 65 mm., the diameter in the ventricose portion is nearly 100 mm., _-_—_—s and at the other extremity about 75 mm. Formation and locality. In the calcareous shale of the age of the Keokuk limestone; Crawfordsville, Ind. at é PHYSOSPONGIA DAWSONI. > rg Plate 20, Figs. 4-6, 8. ‘ | Uphantenia Dawsoni, WHITFIELD. Bull. No. 1, Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., p. 15, . pl. 4, figs. 1,2. 1881. : Uphantenia Dawsoni, WuitFiEtp. Am. Jour. Sci., August, 1881. fe Physospongia Dawsont (WHITFIELD), HatL. Notes on the Family Dictyospon- © ae gid; prelim. for the 35th Rept., pl. 19, figs. 4-8.. 1882. — : y ___. Cup subcylindrical or gradually expanding above. The entire form - is unknown. Base unknown. ornamented by large rounded nodes. Frond contracting abruptly | W7, : | /, ‘ : i ig 7 ago vg! t 480 THirTy-FIrFrH REPORT oN THE State MusEUM. . RAR LS Ga: ~ The frond consists of a continuous minutely reticulated tissue, ~ - which is divided into longitudinal and transverse areas by bands of - acicular spicules. In a longitudinal direction there are twenty-four ~~ bands, of two dimensions; the smaller ones corresponding in strength | eae with the transverse bands. The tissue occupying these twenty-four — Ss rows of quadrules is alternately depressed and elevated, givin ga lowine nodose or bullate aspect to the surface. ‘The-tubercles show aradi- ating arrangement of the spicules, and the superficial layer is often extended from the summit into spiniform processes. a The specimens obtained are fragmentary, of lengths varying from 50 to 80 mm., and widths from 40 to 70 mm. A single cylindrical, flattened specimen has a length of 70 mm., and diameters of 40 and 30 mm. respectively. | In the removal of these specimens from the matrix, the nodes are ~ frequently broken off, giving the appearance of a coarsely fenestrate frond, and this condition has led to its identification with UPHAN- THNIA; but it is only in this broken state that it bears any resemblance tou that genus. The surface, when entirely preserved, consists of a continuous reticulate tissue,a character never existing in UPHANTHNIA. | Formation and locality. In the shales of the Keokuk group ; Crawfordsville, Indiana. ie PHYSOSPONGIA COLLETTI, 7. sp. Plate 20, Fig. 7. Frond cyathiform, more or less rapidly expanding above. Entire form unknown. Base unknown, but probably abruptly attenuate. Substance composed of a very finely reticulate continuous tissue. — Surface divided into eight distinct areas by strong radiating ridges composed of bundles of spicules. ‘These areas are longitudinally di- vided, each into two smaller fields, by a finer longitudinal band. ‘The entire surface is traversed by transverse bands which, with the radi- ating bands, divide it into small quadrules, which are alternately ele- ‘ vated and depressed, giving the surface a bullate appearance. ‘These quadrules are wider than high. ‘The principal radiating bands are — strong and regular. The transverse bands are regular and of uniform size; and the intermediate smaller radiating bands are irregular, sometimes giving rise to three or four bullae and corresponding de- pressions between the main radii, while the normal number seems to be two. | The dimensions of the principal specimen described are as follows: | Vertical height, 85 mm.; transverse diameter at the lower margin of | ‘the specimen, which is compressed, 85 mm.; the transverse diameter at the upper margin is 150 mm. . Fragments of much larger individu- als have been observed. § Formation and locality. In the shales of the Keokuk group; Crawfordsville, Ind. | vy Pf Fossin RETICULATE SPONGES. y: | 481 \ 18 PHYSOSPONGIA ALTERNATA. Plate 20, Fig. 9. _Physospongia alternata, HALL. Notes on the Family Dictyospongidee ; _ pre- lim.’ for the 35th Rept., pl. 19, sig. 9. 1882. Cup cylindrical. Proportions of length and breadth unknown. _ Base unknown. Substance consisting of closely reticulated tissue, with stronger longitudinal and transverse bands of spicules, which divide it into | ) twelve longitudinal rows of quadrules; these are eel elevated and depressed. The fragment described has a length of about 45 mm.; in its com- pressed condition it has a greatest width of 25 mm., and the shortest diameter is 10 mm. - Formation and locality. In the shales of the Keokuk group; Crawfordsville, Ind. i UPHANTANIA CHEMUNGENSIS. Uphantenia Chemungensis, VaNuxEM. Rept. 3d Geol. Dist. N. Y., p. 183, fig. 50. 1842. Uphantema Chemungensis (VANUXEM), Hauu. Sixteenth Rept. State Cab., p. 86. 1863. Not Uphantenia Chemungensis (VANUXEM), Dawson. Quarterly Jour. Geol. Soc. London. 1862. Frond circular or subcircular, gently convex on the lower side, with a depression in the middle ; consisting of continuous bands radiating from a central poiut or defined central area, increasing in width as _ they recede from the center, and arranged at subequal distances from | each other. The entire number of these radiating bands is thirty-two, ___ every fourth one being stronger than the intermediate ones. ‘These , radiating bands are crossed concentrically, but not intersected, by another set of bands which are of equal width throughout their ex-. tent, each successive one being a little wider than the preceding, until the frond is completed. The interstices between these bands are en- tirely free from any substance in the original frond, and as preserved in the rock, the interspaces are filled with the substance of the matrix. The surface of the frond, both in the radiating and concentric bands, is similar, and shows evidence of fine striations, and was, . doubtless, finely reticulate. Where these bands cross each other, there is no proper intergrowth, but’a double thickness of the tissue is ob- servable, while each band maintains its independent growth and limitation. | The original specimen, from center to circumference, has an extent of 155 mm.; across the greatest width, at right angles to this, it measures 140 mm. The largest specimen known has a greatest. | S, diameter of nearly 350 mm., the semi-diameter on the most extended 1 : side is 190 mm. Formation and locality. , In the fine grained sandstone of the upper Chemung group; near Owego, N. Y. [Sen. Doc. No. 38.] 61 ADDENDA ET CORRIGENDA. Page 430. The species described as Zaphrentis inequalis may be d stricken out. Subsequent examination of the specimen described __ has shown that it belongs to the Hudson River Group, and is the Palwophyllum divaricans of Nicholson. Raa Page 438. Zaphrentis inclinata is equivalent to Cyathophyllum ayus- i eee tatum. The specimen is from the Niagara Group of Kentucky. Page 407. Only eight plates are here given to accompany the paper on the Fossil Corals. It is intended, at a future date, to repub- oy lish this paper with illustrations of all the species. Page 465. It was originally intended to publish the cones me- moir on the Fossil Reticulate Sponges; but the exigencies of pub- __ lication have necessitated the presentation of the present abstract. — Ae e) As soon as the drawings and lithography can be completed, the _ entire memoir will be published aga bulletin of the State Museum. The document edition of seven hundred copies of the Thirty-fifth Report of the State Museum, has been issued without the seven pages properly following p. 406 and marked 406,? etc., though the whole was in type at the time. The plates, 3-13, in the same volume, were ‘printed without the knowledge of the author or the Director of the. _ Museum, no proofs having been submitted to either of them. : ERRATA. f a hase i Page 409, line 3, for exstans read extans. Page 414, line 6, for cristulatum read cristulata. Page 414, line 3 from bottom, for subvesiculare read subyesicularis. Page 429, line 15, for trisculactum read trisuleatum. Page 337, line 10, for anterior read posterior. Page 352, line 13, after elongate insert straight or slightly curved, ' StateMus Nat Hist 35. | Tega FIG. I. Weed Parsons & Co Albany, NY State Mus Nat Hist 35. Plate 2. . SSG Soa aoe awa s SEC) con erie State Mus Nat.Hist 3 Plate 2. — we : Weed Parsons & Co Albany, NY . + ‘ fe £7 \ » 5 % \ S , c i 1 4 ‘ ' : : o PLATH At: : Exterior of shell. a.m. Anterior margin. . lig, Ligament. 9 © p. m. Posterior margin. f. Foot, extended. v. m. Ventral margin. umb. Umbo. : d. p. Dorsal portion. 3 h. Hinge-line. art eee Ws qivbeegqy 099 stosteg'peeyy “EL Asy I eee Svante Pei ° alelg “CE ISTH TEN SUPT OFRYS "SS CITCIINONVI LA OVITEC VEIN OOO i Sita yee : 7 ST tak LA, jroitt. aes Se LN OVE MSTO WS 7 bl i + 7, eS e * ¥ 4 4 f hae gt ard tal hase tee © he eC ie ait sag Clo eae. oom ; H ot , , + pos ~ mods Guibas a a a ae id caer ; ‘ 4 i Tisalets ee4 va OTIS. r \- +i? ee { ; } phi greseei ss 2 Pw. 1 ; Ad J ‘ PX i tte * i% ; ete Sealer Be | witha} a Be 9 PRG NT Ore eG rs bX ‘ iL f 7 mer eetat ie Wel ei WIT: i Siete | Mg Ho aa i A AGG 4 SE ay at kN hee Bayitt aes os bees ¢ oh} oT Shey rrp ; cn 2. 9 r¥ { WA \ ¢ cn : . ‘ % ep. pr. PLATE. ive Fig. 1 — Exterior of shell, dorsal view. . Anterior portion. lig. Ligament. . Posterior portion. l. v. Left valve. . Dorsal portion. r. v. Right valve. Fig. 2— Young shell before leaving the gills. . Valves. by. Byssus. . Hinge-line. ce. Cilia: . The animal. s. Serrated spines. Fie. 38 — Epidermis. . Pigment cells. Fie. 4— Prismatic layer, transverse section. Fie. 5 — Narceous layer, transverse section. Fie. 6 — Section of the shell. Epidermis. nac, Nacreous layer. Prismatic layer. Fie. 7 — Enlargement of secreting tubes of the liver. Fic. 8 -— Parasite frequently found on the animal. Fie. 9 — Enlargement of tentacles of the branchial siphon. Fic. 10 — Enlargement of muscular fibres. Fie. 11-— Mass of the tubules of the liver. Fie. 12 — Young Anodonta. ANINTCODUCINI ICAL TRICO IA PIU LIS. pide Mos Nat Hist 35. Plate As CYNE Tree Feo 8 | Phil Act ith. 7 Weed Parsons &Co Albany NY. SA Oe Ob) be Ls 7 wa i te ; Shima pitt a odgie dirs iastal-.8 od ie 2s Lee #3 at sie a vy - Rie - 7 neces oe nie ey eae se ee a gre oem a > hig i ‘ 44 rae! j t 3 oe Rh oe % rf * . ies ca rh » Fed, ‘ ‘ Z ‘ ¢ A ; \oF % x Ba + i pathy i" te #y iy Re rite e+ k ae wees na 5ih tie rite a he Dae too Hye ateied nd Fi = woe aco te \y Tiara M3 alias Oh . a F > J - my ae it: 033 - ’ ae Ai wisest ott am at a. a. Anterior adductor muscle. . Anterior retractor muscle. . Protractor pedis muscle. PUA EW Fria. 1 —Showing blood vessels of the mantle. Foot. : Anterior mantle nerve. Pallial line. Gill. . Muscular fibres. . Posterior mantle nerve . Inhalent siphon. Exhalent siphon. . Posterior adductor muscle. . Posterior retractor muscle. . Organ of Bojanus, or renal organ. Auricles. . Ventricle. . Veins. a S WOIDTOININAL TEL WTA OL) im a\4 & Plate 5. State Mus Nat. Hist 35. "Wied Ddsemne & Co. Albany NY Phil Ast lith. Ess Be” = fpitiea dst ! Ens PLATE VI. ee Fie. 1— The animal is dissected to show the intestinal canal. a. a. Anterior adductor muscle. v. Ventricle. m. Mouth. p. Pericardium. f. Foot. au. Auricle. ee Gall: i. c. Intestinal canal. t. Tentacles of inhalent siphon. i. ¢, i. 6, Points of attachment of b. c. Branchial chamber. testine. c. ec. Cloacal chamber. r. Rectum. — a, Anus. . }, dibiviers’ si a. Posterior adductor muscle. s. Stomach. . . r. Posterior retractor muscle. ANINTOTIOTICOIN ICAL TELONONY TANTO LIES Plate 6. State Mus Nat. Hist 35. CELUI ati CUTE 1sHiTay deage ECs ef A) psp LE ECR Fp Ev AE UL Tevatris tore U nS e deh CERT rE teste 3° TEP TP PeLUPTIPLCC Lett irrorrentrerir tir. AU eC PUSS LTE Tee) ee CT) CO LAL 6 PLE ILE OL CMTE EEE A EG OT EAP AS LUCA) SAUTE STEAL Vite bd USE CAA pad: MrvecalaueddaacdacteageiibseidNs YALD Get HCH EEC Fe EL Sa thie dd ehcp Li fet) eae EEO cog Tk UPL SET Ue EE Ry 1h A SRLEN Dean dg SAN CED TLE Hees a Lyf gee EES FRUAI RAD NGI UT soa heg LEAS AAUAS ORAG eg Get Ch Riad it Saab d BES DUOUI eat Vireo e eee) Hrongrabitenasshacaibssietatonnl cant Mae Chet DER HUERTA Lp PLO MRE TAT bo SHEN Rn ererrncrerenttreereinii tine try NYT rT tae ATA sUAY ce ghy J APSEEAL| GRU EA DEL di pele cy sttasr nec Ee PE Wie irate eTUnT ea ea SOO ACAL GG RACS Esc A AER PEEPS ATELY Qe WAT eg eeleesa ede PRPLEEg EAS EC ty Wei ya Tee Hepbeertheyy sede AEE vat Ci MEE COI NITUN UUM S 4 jabsset ab edad Causa cetdtese dae OP (ier haael H natal He THT i) re CEPT A gay ccna La A Renee URC estes ee ema it i SEL LOT aE poise dee ely) IRONY tater ity a thle ae iT Pee Hara Ha ajeababecay ty ipa si rrrreny isla {eae dake a 4 HEH aterreeen TH err UL eseveuer HT TE atte) Bes Merv tarbelagly DUPE rnvivivi tage) Witebige irs 4 t 1 ) ‘ i i ’ Weed Parsons & Co Albany, NY. Ph Ast jth. § rT yt Th i‘ ) ‘ ae TG a t ry i ‘i : y ; i y ” + 4 F, “% DERE eth TP OLE apa og f \ i Fo RD) | 4 vt : Be! wr : ‘ wasters )e9 oh ae ey y Blnse (i °4: fh PVaUTALS PVT See WERE eis OF x J ‘ ' an : ‘ wit} a Se me Rk su Gr 2 ey") ‘Mart : AY ‘ FE oe a Dae notes AAS i — . . » . ’ , i ‘ ¥ 2 é 7 ¥, : Ane a ¢ 4 4 ° , m4 ’ > i oat ¥ , * ’ . N ) \ 14 r Ae’ Vat j ; , ) { i ; he J ; , ns + ing . all oe xg F Ss a ri ‘ é “f x ‘ Poa Ys Jk wt eA st ‘ : ; ; wt q a ek thay \ oa a LOR ore vey * Vat DP re oh nh a at aul rr ¢ a tee wo Bo ne a +O Cc. C. PLATE VIL. Fic. 1 — Enlargement of outer surface of gill. . Gill plates. ce. 1 ‘Cilia: Chitinous rods. Fie. 2.— Enlargement of capillaries of gills. Fig. 3.— Enlargement of veins of mantle. Fie. 4.— Showing specimen with mantle removed. . Anterior adductor muscle. r. Rectum. . Anterior retractor muscle. a. Anus. . Protractor pedis muscle. p. a. Posterior adductor. Mouth. p. r. Posterior retractor. . Labial palpi. p. Pericardium. Foot. v. Ventricle. . Branchial chamber. au. Auricle. Tentacles of inhalent-siphon. m. Mantle. Cloacal chamber. g. Gill. Fie 5.— Showing the mantle and gills thrown back exposing the foot, body and labial palpi. m. Mantle. o. g. Outer gill. mo. Mouth. b. c. Branchial cavity. l. p. Labial palpi. t. Tentacles of inhalent siphon. f. Foot. op. Opening through the gill for b. Body. passage of the body. i. g. Inner gill. oe JCANIUICI GI ANN WOUDTOIN TAL LPLOUWOAY’ State Mus Nat. Hist 35. ae WeedParsons & Co Albany, NY > ANN: at \ it wt AAI a“ MAY . . Y : ; vie Ni ‘ i ee Os tl HORE TOVUUTTANATOTTETESEVEVOUOOUUeTUrereuerocervvevecrUetTeartrtUONTUUTE : Ii Hi Hani MMMM Me PNTUONUTOUUAWAUEATUNONVOUOUSNUIUINEOLUTATDEROACCPHREOTONII EAA TOCECOCORUUCDCLLULUL HU ann a torment rr omnes | Sic ee ——— MMM IUEUUSETOSTRVTEEPVUEN CONN TEVOETUT CUT LPenCN UN VnEUUOTONC LScriaes 3 Ae onsen OO ee ee a ef MAU UTATEEFORREOT ENN TOMee tere eT ETT myyeeTnTT THATADEAIUCOLEAIEARALETVUREA STALIN LATA RIO TAMIARLAO RULE ROM AMEDD OALE Phil Ast ith . Seas : aa ies ied hs Ran en ¥ rid he ae 5 Z } yf ‘ bh , ‘ ‘ =, 8 ¥ ¥ 4 apa tale atc AP “ staat - , 5 AP Ligh iia (ass > ee oe See (> 2ee ee Cary) The A : : . a ss i y : i Vl as é J Ay i Pt oY ie 7 PP itetet G0 re , i " ia ¥ A : ; et i. ike i; ey " ¥ 7 > ge Pe fev t ; i : PLATE viii Showing the muscles of the foot and body. The same letters apply to the same organs on each of the figt Fires. 1, 2, 8. a. a. Anterior adductor muscle. oe Gallls: a. r. Anterior retractor muscle. p. Pericardium. p. a. Posterior adductor muscle. au. Auricle. p. r. Posterior retractor muscle. v. Ventricle. p. p. Protractor pedis muscle. as oe ANNOUDIOIN TA, TRICO IAWMOGIS Stare Mus Nat. Hist 35. Plate 8 ist Lith. Weed Parsons & Co Albany, NY : 5 ns ,. a ads , ait i Va ay : iv ri i Re re fenat} atl Pei Gael oppish hs Fis ae teh ; bt tert oa, ‘ on ee ” " » , P .; 7 £ my * oh ea ae dt ; ; hoy \ i ‘ f te bg. ~~ S wv a ' la \ . ‘i he Ht ¥ \ =. *. - a Wa ‘ ; : Pa f f i : Pi, PLAT Ex, Fig. 1.— A dorsal veiw of the pericardial cavity, mantle not removed. p. a. Posterior adductor. r. Posterior retractor. p- m. Mantle. o. b. Organ of Bojanus. au. Auricle. v. Ventricle. p. Pericardium. Fig. 2.-- A dorsal view of the pericardial cavity, mantle removed. p. a. Posterior adductor. p.r. Posterior retractor. r. Rectum. p. Pericardial cavity. v. Ventricle. au. Auricle. o. b. Organ of Bojanus. Fie. 3.— The valve leading from the auricle to the ventricle. val. Valve. v. Ventricle. au. Auricle. Fie. 4.— Organ of Bojanus or renal organ. a. Posterior adductor. rn. Rectum. a. Anus. r. Posterior retractor. p- Pericardial cavity. v. Ventricle. g. Opening leading from the floor of the pericardium to glandular sac. o. b. c. Opening leading from the non-glandular sac to the branchial chamber. n. g. s. Non-glandular sac. g. s. Glandular sac. o.e. 8. Opening leading from the glandular to the non-glan- dular sac. au. Auricle, Fie. 5.— Floor of the pericardium, showing the 'two openings (0. p. g.) into the renal organ. Fic. 6.— Floor of non-glandular sac, showing openings into the glandular sac and branchial chamber, and the openings from the glandular sac as shown in Fig. 5. Fic. 7. Diagram showing more plainly than fig. 4 the passage leading from the floor of the pericardium to the branchial chamber. Fic. 8.— Showing nerves in place. c. g. Cerebral ganglion. p. g. Pedal ganglion. c. c. The commissural cord con- pe. c. Commissural cord connect- necting the cerebral gang- ing the pedal and cerebral lia. ganglia. ps. g. Posterior ganglia. a.m. n. Anterior mantle nerve. ps. c. Commissural cord 'connect- g.n. The nerve whose branches ing the cerebral and pos- are the nerves of the gills. terior ganglia. p- m. nu. Posterior mantle nerve. - AINOUDUOUIN ICA, TEIONOVWTAWTIULIS . . State Mus Nat.Hist 35. Plate 9. a el ene apes ne Pinal Ace lath. Weed,Parsons & Co Albany. NY . PLATE: Showing the circulatory system as described in the text. The arteries are represented by dark shading; the veins and large sinus connecting with the vena cava by lighter shading; the intestinal canal and other parts will be easily recognized by still lighter shading. a. ao. Anterior aorta. ram. Ramifications of arteries. p. ao. Posterior aorta. ; r. v. Ramifications of veins. s. Sinus. The larger veins and arteries only are represented here; to endeavor to rep- resent more in so small a space would only confuse the student. ANUDONTA FMOWATILIS. Pilate LO State Mus Nat. Hist.35. ARRAY é Euan) gue RAAT ft Wreenayeliay i boa erent atau \ Apedgncn (ga tg TEL ELE ative AHH RREITTHT ATTIC ais ATEAVELEVLADAL LUT OBECI ORS HEEL LEE Manual HAUUIA ERAT ASE PRD SEES EHIME We hYERY EEDLGCA EERSTE CORES DUE TRER SUDDEN IE) EE ROLE TEA IIPIEO COM RTER ULL UR A ey Bit Loennascganagietebsan nays Cate Me ETE POR EUR SE CALARTS eM PRPAAT AA GE payee ee EAL ipo DPR CaS AUTUS ETD etn ERED SS ADOT ANDES PSELIDNS CAAT AARD Te EAT USER URI ELLA) HEN . Pg drEey ave tra aga aay athvedaa Cay nce Nevada ach etvacagticnntitangaday cette $8 Ca ae heeds tat: rey seen Ba a1 ririeeneirnt a sina A AthaR NISTES, 5 Weed Parsons & Co Albany NY. Phal Ast ith. a rs hb : wt é ae pes Sd oa eet ate Soni ge ep ee ‘ ony ty { a PLAT ek Fie. 1.— Interior of shell. a. a. Impression of anterior ad- p. r. Impression of posterior re- ductor muscle. tractor muscle. p. a. Impression of posterior ad- p. l. Impression of pallial line. ductor muscle. m. f. Impression of umbonal mus- a. r. Impression of anterior re- cles. tractor muscle. p. 1. m. Pallial line muscles. p- p- Impression of protractor r. t. Rudimentary teeth. pedis muscle. mar. Markings left by the adduc- tor muscles. Fic. 2.— Interior of shell of Unio complanatus. a. a. Anterior adductor. p. r. Posterior retractor. a. r. Anterior retractor. p. 1. Pallial line. p. p- Protractor pedis. _ c. t. Cardinal teeth. p. a. Posterior adductor. lat. Lateral teeth. Fie. 3.— The mantle thrown back, showing the labial palpi (1. p.) in position. Fig. 4.— Transverse section. sh. Shell. o. b. Organ of Bojanus. m. Mantle. | v. Ventricle. o. g. Outer gill. au. Auricle. i. g. Inner gill. p. Pericardium. f. Foot. r. Rectum. ANN WUDUOUIN TRAY DRPILO\YTAWTIO DISS « PI i State Mns.Nat.HMist 35. eure (Ue ty NETO sek Brant: oh) ty Fe =F if ; ‘geht shh ahd hich inal ek th. Weed,Parsons & Co Albany, NY. Ao hen laminae oft 1 Mee eee weody! ake, siitaay leader cog vba renadn. jw Canine? BD wives ‘ome Bt be ae eRe Aa Khoies wi - wit (Oba AD BT hye ri Fiery Tee ix pyernn y alt ot ere Sys: OUT its eee wr Tet dt it ty ‘ REDS j SMe Joe 3-9 {tinned [abu TNL mf, Poked. jrooy Levan mato! Sasha wee ae a teed oieo Dee Ip beg of} yet po AUTON Tepe at a | 5 oa ei baa 1 ad - in, A i e . f Ke ye 4 A e's ¥ Pd a “ k : F om bee Sal + ‘ 4 4 \ Sori Zz ps. ps. PLATE X01. The nerves dissected from the animal and enlarged. g. Cerebral ganglia. g.n. The nerve whose branches c. Commissural cord connect- supply the gills. ing cerebral ganglia. b.n. The nerves of that part of g. Posterior ganglia. the mantle constituting c. Commissural cord connect- the inhalent and exhalent ing the cerebral and pos siphons. | terior ganglia. .m.n. Anterior mantle nerve. g. Pedal ganglion. p.m. n. Posterior mantle nerve. c. Commissural cord connect- au. s. Auditory sac. ing the pedal and cerebral a.a.n. Anterior adductor nerve. ganglia. p. h.n. Peripheral nerve. a Ss AW AICAVIVIONZAN COUN SIV AG ANT State Mus Nat.Hist35. TIL Plate 12. [ _ Weed Parsons & Co Albany NY. (ia ee lath. wel State Mus Nat. Hist et lth . ANE Pal Plate 16. Weed Parsons & Co. Albany, NY ey of. State Mus Nat Hist 35. 2 es ii: Plate IG. es Be inte yer rar Le Nye pay Nate nae aye Sadie Ee maieecan zp BRYA St a See a mire AOA A ara Phal Ast hth Weed Parsons & Co Albany NY “Segue megan oon chy YE wrote g an Gy shay PMD Guu esy) we raveaadery ay Shay ‘SHwabay smuuaoydlyg \, yy *S \s M3sna Maal SMM AQ oy "9 (\ sty “SMA PAM GOAL SWW VAR OAI WA ba OA TsmMahy SMMIAIVAIWL SG ty SMV VI WALA SWWLADOMIWAA OH Bay "SNSAPOUGQHS y Smyaroydinng ae x "AQ Mea FN W1ADODIAV eA Bee >, is nie Fee Plate 17 Sito: Nat State Mus aN Joceadidedbalelesod SN WB Nr eer a ak a aunand® ine Weed,Parsons & Co Albany, NY ih ie i Heep Bin intense ane iris): hi eee npitineh R aa Hie Caden Ne UTE ea) 8), sai Made spk Tt Ay Hneesty | “a Cae THs Hit he np ett hT ee ea ae “i aie a3 ae \ i : ie SPL APTI ty a ra : - i stm 0 tote ae OL #4 \ a > : * pany j ey 4 i ; ¢ Ce haat By atlas AS sO ae A) fa te iy ) fi sh ba | To aL ee ee y : t Besar i hes ih pH | at wlan eur hy , oy vet ® - ihe “ty a fey ' f : 5 . : AESNUG RLY epi ane woyosai | ; | Fe ‘ : nit Hitt BAKA G2 wore aged oat cata 8 Ub oa - ‘ | Lie ; , _ . : ine 1% ) Af ce ‘ és : i , if a pe! | 7 J | i . wit} a ¥ am che ii? - i rit A vr A | i q ae | ahi ee) , ; " ; oT 44 } { 5 5 { & Oe } | 7 ; Jee dh : f si! , -* i \ 4 i 2 ae i, bun 5s 1 \ i We } “ ; ; i q . , nore % f 0 ae ; \ Vogt ak 1} aD | ae * eA Lab iy cet, ap ‘ : " ‘ } é b mht Ve te Ae ; oer Vay ' Nery Pratt - Peg | Wg Al Way r ¢ ven hi TS Ue, Oey ip: feaee) 44 ANH , } fi i i 4 reg Ms . : \ ral, : PYF: atest) a hieier mee OT Pr! be eae hdl GN ( i ; 4 + i) - > ‘ i is i y : ‘ , r 1 ¥ ey 2 i Prats ‘ : M4 ie PLATE XVIII. Figs. 1-8. Representing a series of elongate turbinate or obconical forms, be- ginning with the simple Cyathophycus reticulatus, Walcott—fig. i, followed by the prismoidal Dictyophyton prismaticum, then the similar form D. Conradi, sometimes with several nodes and undulations in the upper part. Figs. 5, 6, 7 show a further de- velopment of the number of nodes and annulations in the species D. annulatum, D. nodosum and D. tuberosum. Fig. 2a. A transverse section of D. prismaticum, showing its regular octa- gonal form. Fig. 4a. Shows the more compressed form of D. Conradi. Fig. 8. Represents the number and position of the vertical rows of tubercles in D. tuberosum. All of the preceding forms are attenuate below. Figs. 9-14. Represents three species having a spreading form, one of which has been proved to possess a transverse diaphragm. Fig. 9. Dictyophyton Redjieldi has not yet been shown to possess the charac- teristic diaphragm. Fig. 10. Thamnodictya Newberryi, preserving the general form of the cup and | a portion of the pedicel. Fig. 11. bid. The expanded portion of another specimen which is separated from the basal portion. Fig. 12. Phragmodictya catilliformis, showing the form and ornamentation of the cup, the summit of the basal portion and margin attach- ment. : Fig. 138. Zbid. Reduced, showing the base and superior portion separated at the diaphragm. | Fig. 14. 7bid. A specimen preserving the circular septum and a double ex- tension of the walls, the lower one being less distinctly reticu- late. (Reduced from the large figure given by Mr. Whitfield. Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist. p. 18, pl. 3, fig. 1, 1881.) Fig. 1. Cyathophycus reticulatus, Walcott. Utica slate, N. Y. Figs. 2, 2a. Dictyophyton prismaticum, Hall. Chemung group, N. Y. and Pa. Figs. 3, 4, 4a. Dictyophyton Conradi, Hall. Chemung group, N. Y. Fig. 5. Dictyophyton annulatum, Hall. Chemung group, N. Y. Fig. 6. Dictyophyton nodosum, Hall. Chemung group, N. Y. Figs. 7, 8. Dictyophyton tuberosum, Conrad. Chemung group, N. Y. Fig. 9. Dictyophyton Redfieldi, Hall. Waverly group, Ohio. Figs. 10, 11. Thamnodictya Newberryi, Hall. Waverly group, Ohio. Figs. 12, 18 and 14. Phragmodictya catilliformis, Whitfield. Keokuk group, Lower Carboniferous, Indiana. tip Ane og ! ne aes. y ' dart Xe 340 } Z 4 3 Se , tires : J ; ‘ x - Fin, re : i LOMIIGA, SILAS, CIEOR MOONS,” DICTY Leis State Mus Nat. E..Eammons, del.et lith. YTS Se ROM UTIEIOTE IGIRWNONE SS . Platell7)18. WeedParsons & Co. Albany NY. State Mus Nat. Hist. 35. IO WIIGAL E.Emmons. del.et lth. SLATE, CHEMUNE, WAV ERIDY & KEOKUIK DICTYOSPONGIDA GIRO WIPS « Platell7)18. Weed Parsons & Co, Albany, WY. ae U a - Oe 4 ; ” \ ie 4 7 qe tt ¢ " 1 j ‘ 5 Z 1 * A 4 i i 1 om | - — ¢ 5 - . \ ~ . rs > 7 > a . : . y - s . ALK STATS ARDY AY Torgowerraal ay aged fbi BONN rsAtS od wialwoile “oui 48 lower inode Jl a yf ease tins HT j om tienel ‘VP EN lp ' SIVA AA OKG ROYAL OS nory MAO! ry tres 4 ES Amiibbsonag Ms LO wate 3) 1 Dove?) wegk MYYA D. . Hiker Dae oi Behe POITOD ne ania’ BOX Litt was mio? : ’ PUL aa te4 eon I VP Hedy) Torey tO Petar ss Rin L SEG ad A UT ae” treba) dye wy acti Sige) TA Dek wd ring aistt wstitegt At ot ed seerrate Vir att LY OATS Ow FSI ret bry’ yaa teth rhahoougy rate fore) AH ah Bip vam toulw otirod Latif its ; : 4 FLA LH al! ERO Yee) te same Caner ‘xiii w ole JAS | » SIMO RTET Plain Beooe ney Bk: to VOM odlifodes od ie eal! molto bel) i ASR me DAVY aid Wale Wk Van ti diet ty Aa NOTE? Theta aoe med Pe toeL MEET HIE Loci) heb ho BHaw ont Hey oe EAT ona By It Do vaweale y¥itontiarh ALVA yy: vail + rT epedi a. Db BEET Maree wd yt | HYD eongart? as F A he Baivtawstgind psly Av BADRWIGab os suiwode Join Ht pith aie? Ptoxs iecberdiggeto! OR vet conivasayugy Dy ate : AER A tak yi PLATE XIX. ECTENODICTYA IMPLEXA. Page 475. Fig. 1. Lateral view of a specimen showing the constrictions and large ob- secure bulle. Waverly group, Warren, Pa. DIcTYOPHYTON (CLATHROSPONGIA) ABACUS. Page 474. Fig. 2. A specimen (found in the interior of the preceding), showing the conical form, the ridges bearing the concentric and radiating laminar expansions, and obscurely the finer reticulations. Two of the longitudinal ale are represented as they are imbedded in the surrounding rock. Besides this species several fragments of another distinct form are represented on the right of the prin- cipal figure, which may belong to the inclosing frond of £. implexus, Fig. 3. A small fragment of a cone, showing more distinctly the alternating surface lines, and the reticulate character of the lamellate ex- pansions. | Fig. 4. A partial restoration of a portion of fig. 2, to show the true character of the walls of the cone. The features here represented have all been distinctly observed in the specimens. Waverly group, Warren, Pa. DIcTYOPHYTON TENUE. Page 474. Fig. 5. A fragment showing two depressions or the impressions of two tuber- cles, and preserving very fine longitudinal and transverse strie. Waverly group, Warren, Pa. Fie. Fre. Fia. Fie. Fie. Fie. Fre. Hie. Fie. PLATE XII: 1.— Enlargement of the posterior ganglia. 2.— Enlargement of the cerebral ganglion. 3.— Enlargement of the pedal ganglion. 4,—The young of anodon taken from the gill. 5.— The labial palpi held open and at right angles to the body, showing their inner surfaces. 1, p. Labial palpi. m. Mouth. 6.— One of the labial palpi. 7 —Two of the ridges on the labial palpi enlarged, showing Cilia. 8.— Enlargement of interior of a palpus. 9.— Enlargement of exterior of a palpus. ee EEEeEeEeEEe—EEEEOEeEE———<« Fy is} = > y & \YTANIICIL CONICAL LLL } OU Di ENINT ° /s piv state Mus Nat. Mst.35. Plate 13. z Pirie Weed Parsons & Co Albany, NY. Ast bth. bela State Mus Nat Hist 35. | Plate 14 9 ON IOT JO UOMLOT South line of Lot No. 3. \ \ go ovs07 fo vos \ Diagram of an ANCIENT WORK on Bluff Point, Yates Co..N Y. Tea by S. HART WRIGHT, PH. D. a. Vertical Slabs. (ae do wrregular group. : c. Boulders. Scale U2 fe et to one wich. d. A large vertical slab. WeedParsons & Co Albany NY i = ai: } af 2 q j Ron} - ’ j . . ‘ = ' 7 ' . ‘ 4 a y Pe Pee = 4 ae ala avi : ‘ f -' ; ar@ ~ * 5 a bictleigy BPG TO: i oars eed aNd SS ae ; St ae Paes ; b ; a at . _ ; e tet Oke ay Betas ; 2 4 4 * f ae Ala ote FT VI a PE ee = a I " “ier s F NS 5 raTS) wdto- : . ; é- _ * . bb r yi $2 K _ 4 ~ A % a ie 8 Pee a Lhe eee Ge UJ = hits Bx, Bis) $i es PERE) ak phate Seta, ‘ otha ws inti They bry gaits syihute Faak ae et RES: a bites gh HW ihie : if] hoe yh Fis { Le he ie ei eve res ie : SURO oy stim Ws Peale yay “9 WY 6c ee 1 elo + ‘ Benny oyis Wk Vo xeon bile He Chet PW: Leniniis vis iiiBax pa ay : iz Ribsoul i146 dapinhs it 4 oh pt e eh sory ad t2RPe nad ley 8550s ius © V Ba taciy. | pitts’ Saal iis Buy wishic sth ede pet « Ns: ¢ rr FHI oai te MY Gd diy ign tool yr bid eid Lo} 74 darrekal ogi as 2 td beta ose. eel Aeros ; sg DATS Ty 9g PPO Meh: Betas Heh liihyn wok Spanivonita Jo: BAe i) Ce Fs Ss etrersehn fanhoohdea edtito 6 . Sensei ayy Pet A pated 9) 4 2 eth 5 tC ia) daisy PLATE XV. EQUISETIDES WRIGHTIANA.* Fig. 1. The stem, natural size. Copy after Dawson. 2. A transverse section in outline. 3. ‘‘Leaf of sheath.”’ CYCLOSTIGMA AFFINE. Fig. 4. Cyclostigma afine— surface showing leaf scars. 5. a leaf-base, enlarged. ASTEROPTERIS NOVEBORACENSIS. Figs. 6, 7. Asteropteris noveboracensis, cross-section, natural size and enlarged. 8. A. noveboracensis, portion enlarged, showing one vascular bundle. Lee portion enlarged twelve times, showing rays and vascular bundle. Bony ie stem restored in cross-section. a eas Ry scalariform vessels, x 100. Ie aes «‘ " prosenchyma of outer cylinder, x40. 1A ion - parenchyma of inner cylinder, x40. In the above figures, a represents radii of axis, 6 cellular tissue of axis, ¢ outer prosen- chyma, d leaf-bundles. * Norte (Fig. 1.)— The peculiar aspect and markings of this figure, as originally pub- lished in the Quarterly Journal of the London Geological Society, led the writer to sus- pect its relations to the Crustacea. . Through the kindness of Mr. Wright, who procured the loan of the specimen, I have had an opportunity of seeing the original, which is very correctly represented in the figure. The body is not cylindrical, but broadly elliptical or subovate, enlarging above. The ridges occur only upon one side, having asymmetrical relation with the form of the body, while the other parts are free from them, and the joints are overlapping. The form of this body, together with the character of the ridges and the. finer surface markings, suggest its crustacean origin. The lateral scars have probably been the points of attachment for spiniform processes asin Stylonurus. The fragment represents two of the abdominal segments of a form not unlike Stylonurus, though comparatively longer than in the ordinary forms of that genus, and in this respect resembling Stimonia. J. H. State Mus Nat. Hist35. - slate Ts. GOee jee AN Ss rs, oe i ea ea eae ed Og Phal Ast ith. Weed Parsons & Co. Albany, NY. - i a i Sh eT I pie tL Hy EB 5, ty bsirhecht amas Wed i a ere ake ed State Mus Nat.Hist.35. ON ee ma an cena ae se . t, eae MIDDLESEX! i po O) Middlesex Cen. --—-+-—----— -- - ---— - + - - - -- - - oe at noes - pa ae na a a an an ee ee ee ee - a ete a dees ae mae aw! ema sai of Saas a mnee ar emmy “es eee ie ee Es. - - - let nee endindicmmdtiiodionessdiiindionsdiod S T KUBEN COUNTY REN yee SOS BaD} -Os PERS wT _cor0ole” * MAP OF YATES COUNTY, N.Y. BY BERLIN H.WRIGHT. it aa ea Reson Tape e EXPLANATION OF COLORS. & Big Eom, largest in the State Chemung Group a Anctent Outlet of Lake Heuka Pa] Portage Group b More recent Outlet than a. [31 Genesee Slate S Salt Wells Lully Limestone © Gas Springs,in/lamable (9| Hamilton Group + Aboriginal Works i Marcellus Shale Q Stone Quarries Plate 16.A. Co Himrods Milo Cen. OBarrington PO. as WeedParsons & Co Albany, NY. a “ me State Mus Nat. Hist 35. Plate 16.4. a SS ER SEE! i Potter Cen. re) SS 2 2 a De ee ae Se 3-------- += 7 1 A 1 i) 1 1 ' 1 i) 1 1 1 1 38 1 + sal t ' i) 1 ' ' 1 1 ' ‘ST EUBEN COUNTY G0cicAL Map. Ap) | fil oneraaene @t0 ~ SRE. a P of fi { : YATES COUNTY. N.Y. }/) Bjjanxrxero) BY BERLIN H.WRIGHT. CRE Taaee EXPLANATION OF COLORS. & pig Lim, largestin the State \ ) Gemung Group a Ancient Outlet of LakeKeuka \ Portage Group b More recent Outlet than 2a. | Genesee Slate S Salt Wells fa Tully Limestone G Gas Springs, ntlamable Hamilton Group + Aboriginal Works Marcellus Shale Q Stone Quarries — Weed Parsons & Co Albany NY ¢ Sa 2 625 ears et ene ayes” aa eee oe SA ee Sn a ol Da NS a u Eee, aes pape Se ae Pm t . a } M4 ag RNS a a nen bail i Eve alee, 5 * eRe aly ey TANT DE aha ha HO : ; We Po OF LY 17998 DEITY 7 TVR! A a he ~ arrae S| { ae ODAT 7) ais a * ite, eit. tocar?) oi 2 ae ii ee tar fe ed i r 7% eta) rane Va PS asd P 4 ‘ - \ i - PAY jehioy “Trew ~, "th FOCI AT STOUT RON, Be Ae 1 F By | i rePipiar ys) ETE RLS Tin as: ae ae we & A. igang) pei iby) AL aelvoe ‘ * . i : . , A ies Leaein 1 MNES A} } jeg rygcgl : Penge me. Duan yar), * Nf Wei tc? Pints Ure oe tet. } . cf. ae Fy efit ee PEAS Oe. Caen en at 8 aa i eRe bens | ds rm Way Deh Ptr de a > ttirg i) Oe VD PR PO LR re eee eh h , 5 aN ‘ Sa } # uA faees’ ro) F DAs Oi ae oantoon ae BAS, ITHOIAG sy RAAT US gat bodivaesh Cig Mag | ie tak Seed awa ola ila oe Begone» Pa Las Tsu Higa. Fig. 2. ip. 3. Fig. 4. Pig. 5. Big.; 6. laksa Rye 28. ie «9. Fig. 10 Hig. 11 PLATE XVI. ZAPHRENTIS CANADENSIS. A longitudinal section through the center, showing the tabule. A longitudinal section from near the side of the corallum, showing the vertical lamelle. A transverse section through the cup, showing the number and size of the lamellz and the position of the fossette. Hudson River group, Ohio. HELIOPHYLLUM HALLI. A vertical section through the center. A transverse section through the lower part of the cup, showing the lamellee and vescicular tissue. Hamilton group, N. Ye CYSTIPHYLLUM AMERICANUM. A longitudinal section of a corallum, showing the characteristic structure. Hamilton group, N. Y. CYATHOPHYLLUM RUGOSUM. A horizontal section of a mass of corallites. Upper Helderberg group, Falls of the Ohio. MICHELINIA STYLOPORA. A vertical section of a large mass showing the usual characters of the species. Hamilton group, N. Y. TETRADIUM ONTARIO, 2. sp. A horizontal section showing the form of the tubules in a very satis- factory manner. R Clinton group, Shore of Lake Ontario. STROMATOPORA NODULATA ? A horizontal section of a portion of a specimen. A vertical section of the same species. Upper Helderberg group, Kelly’s Island, Ohio. These illustrations of translucent sections of fossil corals are given to ac- company the paper on the ‘‘ Machinery and Methods of Cutting Specimens of Rocks and Fossils’ at the State Museum, pp. 121-124. The figures show in a very satisfactory manner the structure of the specimens, and express the value of similar sections in the study of fossils. Fig. 12. ie. 1S. CTENACANTHUS WRIGHTI. Page 206. Lateral view of the specimen described. A small portion enlarged to show the surface sculpturing. Fig. 14. An outline showing the form of a transverse section. Chemung group, Yates Co., N. Y. WAY TE Je) - State Mus Nat. Hist.35. Fomimome diel et lth. 1 4 ie ON GID. . aad Plate18)19. Ree Weed,Parsons & Co. Albany, NY. WAV IEIRILY GIRDUE . DICTYOSPONGIDA. Plate(18)19. State Mus Nat.Hist.35. E Emmons. del. et lith. WeedParsons & Co. Albany, WY. o i ea a ave: EA et | 3 Hed at Diane bowvenquiie yienpiltie aenisegs A 1 ih ba weapy onda ay movt eouitl yor aay i BAM Ny Andee A eee es v; j ee % BTU TLE Wr. Aya eAY ‘ a | me Sh oRAd ; . (te abuarit ips: Aarts Hy A SEE sh tLe Dew ARGARS AD eS mes ohn | pegs the | ae Se atone HAR > Abo eo Bia Da + : nee, E6134 OMIA 0 ANCE Ty aad ane aD eer lade ory AM 9 perce 07) Ren tebe cet i pei biganigns An iei ; are adolyit oR REN EP NRT, ONS Nea Mah tia Ke ee fed 5 oa optd Sic Dine El ts hoe fie, | ION ei reid ihe OAs tbiay Hole Oy CUD AIGE Tihs Bie ah WH Gian oF Rin: a ee * , TI en eer — c ere : Py eee ‘a eves der eas WAKA a The Pe cay eat GP as, ae 75 fae aR aD Pope Ay WO OSes are: ure, 3. ree . : MISE SSS ERE Tea. OLE ge ; be i Gh) OW ee 2A Wa ek ag HE 2 ss ? } . Une PEAS pagel tty 4 SD esse on Sy oS re Mitty Van 8 ROP HY Ps Oe yon ang Se A AaTo: rae, ae irae She ‘ ey tee ay $ eee ce od a helene f SO vey fered yet ‘ae ; er taf eee AP PORTOMIRT oh? Be ge sol : ; i ae 4, Din ee al Saluttact ae te i bin ot ig } emerge, ait ie APOE GEM CHOSE) A ' A ~ a . ng ies yy PLATE XX. ECTENODICTYA ECCENTRICA. Page 476. Fig. 1. A specimen obliquely compressed showing the concentric and radiat- ing lines from the eccentric apex. Keokuk group, Indiana. PHRAGMODICTYA CATILLIFORMIS. Page 477. Figs. 2, 8. Lateral and vertical views of a small specimen, showing the dia- Fig. Fig. 2 Q to) phragm. Keokuk group, Indiana. Puysosponeia Dawsont, Whitfield, sp. Page 479. . Lateral view of an infundibuliform specimen showing some of the nodes extended into spiniform processes. . A fragment showing the arrangement of the nodes and depressions: Some of the nodes are broken off, and a few of the depressions are filled with the surrounding rock. . A small example of the same species. . Two nodes and corresponding depressions enlarged to show their al- ternate arrangement, and the acicular spicules forming the sub- stance of the envelope. Keokuk group, Indiana. PHYSUSPONGIA COLLETTI. Page 480. . A portion taken from near the aperture of a large individual, showing the irregular arrangement and large size of the nodes. Keokuk group, Indiana. PHYSOSPONGIA ALTERNATA. Page 481. A cylindrical fragment showing the broad alternating nodes and de- pressions, with narrow, concentric and longitudinal cinctures. Keokuk group, Indiana. ECTENODICTYA EXPANSA. Page 475. 10. A large fragment showing an obscure concentric and radiating ar rangement of the surface lines, and several nodes and ridges upon a portion of the periphery. Waverly group, Warren, Pa. State Mus Nat Hist. 35. By ie aea alent See IKK GROSS. ) PONGIDA, Plate (19) 20. WeedParsons & Co. Albany WY. tr Wowk 4. ae hon Fe i , . } . WAWIEINILY & KIETIKIMIK GROUPS. State Mus Nat-Hist 35. DICTYOSPONGIDY. E.Emmons. del et hth. Weed Parsons & Co. Albany, WY. “07, PAI denaitori avr Aevsiaoiebasin't . a ST omar 3 | | (uaa . dilate shithionge fabhebaitnes be Rd pis ‘itd | = saat ont %p-sead eit tn soisqoe sds Bow watts | (eae nay eeskinge ids eT AUL Ore nedivtihe a4: Ye) maigerilig eth tT v it ‘a Bata Ph slid’ a WOW Bouts guritnihar a BS . ai = wes washed a hand Syvdis sicginarny SE oMIOR Ghe baba: CAB aed: A i as sal RGA wet onthe estes Stich coe ar ert 6 siete Y Hiern ane: te nono &: Jo Jeronmnyalie: Eh, aan, nt: by fare nie mins Beka m ~~ oe Abivcdioncs ito beetvon NOR ai wigison ws AN ects Se edt od whit etd? Iai acne | eae Dilan BigiashyuAiiiy Yolen afistee diel . 3 B Ody ty tot baat St dO HF ait Fae wtikoe | . \ ashisial tees. * Beltlaulod Bh vata wdT . Daa Teenie 6. Dink Ser Bo le Oa Raine ails ae youl iid mOvig od Tig potieoupr di gajwiro é aaaeal etn otajie seo asia idly qe Neore Att Hf. als say ia cympntbcvosye fmohhudy) ete gola yasy: £ We Aas re WA Jerwiarrasnnans ‘M5 nina st) wets faite bees: ‘bk yea Seediieetin to wely decoded: Pgh Me HTT cin babed Gel Le iri tesdueodtor fat 2m pitigiriiensb wigiiatetias 34] > § Sates re eee pee : NN aoe 27h aye is a dale mes ane ae 5 te vay Pe a ee ee Fig. PLATE XX. PHRAGMODICTYA CATILLIFORMIS. Page 477. . The cup of a cylindrical specimen showing the continuous longitudinal ridges and the septum at the base of the figure. . The diaphragm of a similar specimen showing the fine concentric and radiating lines, with a portion of the outer envelope continued below. | . An expanded cup somewhat compressed, but preserving nearly the entire outline. The longitudinal ridges die out toward the margin of the cup. ae . An enlargement of a portion of the upper margin of the cup (ng. 3), to show the crowding of the strie producing a slight thicken- ing of the rim, and the gradual obsolescence of the nodes. The great expansion of the frond above (as represented in figure 3), the finely cancellate structure of the envelope, and the apparent completeness of the same along this extended margin in this and several other specimens, has led to the in- ference that this may be the upper extremity of the organ-_ ism; while analogy with Euplectella would indicate the op- posite end as the upper termination of the frond. The writer has submitted a collection of specimens of this species to Prof. A. Hyatt, and a letter from him, dis- cusing this question, will be given with the completed paper. . A small cup with the septum apparently perforate. . A very elongate cylindrical specimen preserving the diaphragm. Keokuk group, Indiana. PHRAGMODICTYA (?) CREBRISTRIATA. Page 000. . Lateral view of a fragment having a curved outline and showing the fine reticulation of the surface. The specimen is too imperfect for satisfactory determination. Keokuk group, Indiana. PHRAGMODICTYA LINEATA. Page 478. . Lateral view of a compressed specimen showing the strong regular re- ticulate striz without ornamentation of nodes or ridges, and the septum at the base with an abrupt depression at the apical scar. Keokuk group, Indiana. State Mus Nat.Hist. 35. E,.Fimmons. del.et lith. Plate(20) 21. Weed,Parsons & Co. Albany, N.Y. TOE MIK DIK GIiRWmIe. State Mus Nat. Hist 35. DICTYO SPONGID. Plate(20)21. E. Emmons, del.et lth. Weed Parsons & Co, Albany, NY. ee ee ee te i. iy: nit: c oli: core eee bateeivatye Weed: Corin ie inl’ Wepstigertatens 1 Ogeras ce, Mutaree ENT: ary asamiceiial 2: Dass esti 3) eng 4 er des he eceetener sishes gh aa 3) Aion. Shcbot ihe. BWigw oats PD ae te 4 a > i 4 : af c 4 gy bag ‘ Pad’ at ‘ hel So. : Kt afrihes Pa PR HATER Waa kyle aC hale aya ty Sake sh aa Beery votes 4 bakin ee Seta Sane fy RD RHE Mea” Coe, ee Aa NPAT jail hier faye ios tithe MEE Sai ere: Beart a Os 1g Pay . eae So i i ste BGGA eX | oe | ; ve ake nr i¢ { h ; 4 ri 1 \ POR ya RT ARO Y Seen MUMS CTA eget hy, teary a! : % qty rn Y va ; Ne ie ee) Ae ANS SO ‘ war tt » WEP Ey he. ttl Rare { ; ‘ bee ene aS a ¢ E, ’ f sul? Ot am es TR eC ty | Ty rite Ae ©, . ea rf a Sta os wey a a ~ uy Pricihdin SPORE APTI ae, +> i tip e y I ray (0 be i o ; + pa. ho ae Sd aes? FP AL. ae x 7 f iW " 4 7.) ; en’ r ; ty fs get At y 4 < | ae: te Be P 4 ; p root ee a UR By eee eh ht Ms \ Any ? BeviriiMesettis| : ery iy ae viel PER isty by ah 7] Lia TY sig choke x of yi ‘ ae: > fees r . a uf i 2 ; f *, 4 | : 73 = i i 74 ; fig Aaa Try ete nei Fan | FS cee? Ne ; ASCO AS RES Oki) ir ied Actes 1 “7 ? 4 Ne Lay F ati aoa ‘ ae f oor ay ; R L ae Va uy Hs Oa ro / \ a. ‘ ¢ j ‘ ; ! yes bi ’ Be , a4 bY ye f 4 r 4. PLATE XXIL The accompanying illustrations are presented to show the principal varieties of structure of the Strophomenoid Brachiopoda. They represent a portion of the work which is being done for the elucidation of shell structure preparatory for the volume of the Paleontology on the Revision of the Brachiopoda. The specimens are prepared and photographed and the accompanying figures were drawn on stone from photographic prints. Fig. i Strophomena rhomboidalis, showing the simple rows of large punctee. Hudson River group, Ohio. Strophomena alternata, showing sparse and irregular puncte. Hudson River group, Ohio. . Leptaena sericea, showing the oblique tubuli of the shell. Hudson River group, Tenn. . Strophodonta magnifica. This species shows numerous large puncte and the concentration of the laminz of the shell around the tubulli. Oriskany Sandstone, Canada West. . Strophodonta demissa. The upper part of the figure shows the irregular arrangement of the puncte at some distance below the surface. On the lower portion of the figure, where the section is cut nearer the surface, the puncte are arranged in rows corre- sponding to the radii of the ornamentation of the shell. These features are due to the curvature of the shell-which makes the section cut at different depths below the surface. Hamilton group, N. Y. . Strophodonta-perplana, showing the arrangement of the puncte in nearly regular lines. Hamilton group, N. Y. . Strovhodonta reversa. This figure shows very distinctly the curving and crowding of the fibers and lamine around the tubuli mak- ing them appear like small tubercles. Chemung group, Iowa. . Chonetes coronata. The section is cut just below the surface and shows the single row of large puncte coming out along the summits of the cost. The rows of fine crenulations are produced by the - lamin forming the sharp concentric strie of the surface. Hamilton group, N. Y. Tropidoleptus carinatus. Section of the shell of the width of two cost, showing the numerous oblique rows of puncte which are more crowded along the summits of the ribs. ! Hamilton group, N. Y. All the figures represent an enlargement of twenty diameters. TLIO Ste ALTON Ss, OF THE MICROSCOPIC STIRU CTUIRIE OF IBIRACTEI OM OMA. pie Mus Nat. Hist 35. Plate 22 Pea Ae th. Weed Parsons & Co Albany, NY Mae ee | He req : ieee as. es vs te as ey HU doh AN We RMRETAT EAM. OTs) ihe . Cae) ‘ ; 4 WNP PROTE | TEM a ta Pat Lf LIT ; ay ages i ne eae LESSEE ScUML NA: ST Pets Ge bt oe | mie rif ‘ - | i auld rons ts see ake) Vii, petty Sarit ss oe EL as Te Beare iis tng Ae side oe nas Nie | ) Pts hit pie ae ee Be I oad ‘ fs aD f ae iF %} ‘oo t. % vi cree hate. on dit eta Pt tt ; A icpilabl iis OE | eh tigriionge 1 t0 wont tapenade am k ots f ee - a a . 3 ( ow hee Cains Hd Ny , “Oe 5 wera ' 4. ee en LA ER Map er op hi A A Ba H fai i /, 1 ’ { . My a t ; , / , 1 A ‘ 7h af | ve rey Ee x" f ; of un . Fae Pa ri) i¢ ; 4 i i é " j psd } rae : ‘ Steet ; .- a | » Ao : mi i) 7 AAA ei hey } * i / y : On P yaw AK 1 = “ Yi ; EP j os ‘ ly ( 5 fe / ite -. We ‘ +4 v ae i ee 2 , aay: et sae a) 5 Me y 4 ‘, Fig. Fig. = » 10; en es PLATE XXIII. STREPTELASMA LAMELLATUM. Page 421. Posterior view of a specimen showing the interior of the calyx. ws STREPTELASMA TENUE. Page 421. Latexal view of a specimen. STREPTELASMA DISSIMILE. Page 421. Posterior view. Similar to the preceding but inclined to show the cup. Lateral view of a specimen preserving the surface characters. STREPTELASMA INFLATUM. Page 422. Lateral view of a specimen of the ordinary proportions. The calical view of the preceding. STREPTELASMA SIMPLEX. Page 422. Lateral view of a specimen. . Posterior view of the same showing the cup. STREPTELASMA LATERARIUM. Page 422. Lateral view of a corallum. Posterior view of the same. 12. Lateral view of another specimen. x E Py < s é ew) 2 | = S &) | =| e,) Cp) =) iz LO “9 = a © Rs s pA ‘ aa? YL = Sen : ety, xf 2 oI e 1d TREE | - PALI MK ‘ ball aru, Smee on Wa 7 eA bs: 914 ame To ee MYPODPIRFION ANA TEA Te Ra pers th cates tt " , { . f : - eis a year 7 ZV idk kd iPS Ft ens ert j j ree lay ; - : \ i C. 4 pA KB TAB ATA OL Tes Dee ae ‘ au = i S| "> oe ; ioe? ae é I i \ 4.3 1 . ‘ Ae he Oe ae ee Deed OD ; fh, LEE , ete {13 } ‘ a , > 73 , ; ) : Be PTD LO Pony Ga » | . 7 Lu J : : xs 7 ah ‘ f ‘ rj 4 a re t patty % i ay et 00 WAS a ia e) . Ee ? a“ . ;* bit) , » FF od ra * oF F : id i} H H 4 MS TPG AG AEA EN tae : i ioe . et ae Be " , oe P \ POTS OOS Praa yey Te ' Thbelh bts Se We Peeves! vide ePSrer weet . i woe ; # Ey AR OD CURD j Ha ej ¢ ) : wats ee AAO Sy f wie’: BAS r SETS Ey OTs. eae Merve). eT ere ADL ba eoteo sun thy yes ev fy PRD .o04 cn DE MTTA POHL) ATBALS Piast . Cee waa . ba hee Halos eieanioeye © TOmwoIY Vorstsog hee riatiy! lan ere i irises ody iw “xluo oft YoyoR A) Yo ante i eae 9 Tobby . P Fig. - Fig. Fig. fo) Fig. Fig. Fig Fok Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. (=) Fig. Fig. 10. 1, 12. 138. 14. 15. PLATE XXIV. STREPTELASMA AMPLIATUM. Page 423. . Posterior view of a specimen. . View of the calyx. . The elevation in the center of the cup of the preceding. STREPTELASMA CONSPICUUM. Page 423. . Posterior view of the specimen showing the calyx. — STREPTELASMA FOSSULA. Page 423. . Posterior view of the specimen. STREPTELASMA CRATERIFORME. Page 424. . Posterior side of the specimen. . The calyx of the preceding. STREPTELASMA INVOLUTUM. Page 424. . Lateral view of a specimen. . The calyx of the same. STREPTELASMA ASQUIDISTANS. Page 424. Side view of the specimen. The form of the calyx. STREPTELASMA MAMMIFERUM. Page 425. Specimen nearly entire, preserving the conical elevation in the center. Lateral view of a broken specimen showing the interior of the cup and the twisted lamelle in the center. STREPTELASMA PAPILLATUM. Page 425. Posterior view showing the calyx. Lateral view of another individual. STREPTELASMA COARCTATUM. Page 425. Figs. 16, 17. Lateral and posterior views of a specimen; the latter showing the interior of the calyx with the twisted lamelle. POS SIO COIRAILS., State Mus Nat.Hist.35. Plate 24. Phil Ast bth... . Weed Parsons & Co Albany, NY. AD) Grreey GTS Beeerdy j ioe wrmthael « ota if ed a4 is et Gs b Aol sell be beds i 5a) ey APL ONG IDE! VALI BPRS SATE Salips r ' vf ay i LS. Lo 2 oe ; errs i : { ’ xX | i i ( 4 ! ‘ ‘ . vo ws PLATE XXYV. PTYCHOPHYLLUM VERSIFORME.* 4 Page 426. Fig. 1, Lateral view of an elongate and irregular growing individual. Fig. 2. Lateral view of a short and broad specimen. Fig. 3. A calyx showing the strong, coarse rays. Fig. 4. A calyx where the rays are partially obliterated by silicification. PTYCHOPHYLLUM STRIATUM. Page 426. Fig. 5. Lateral view of a specimen. Fig. 6. Posterior view of another individual. Fig. 7. The calyx of the preceding. Fig. 8. Side view of the wall of the cup, enlarged to two diameters. * This specific name is retained for the present. It does not seem advisable to make the separation and distinction as given in the Twelfth Indiana Report for Ptychophyllum Knappi. = = POS SII GWRAIKSS , _ - State Mus Nat.Hist. 35. Plate 2 >. Pal Ast ‘ith .. Weed,Parsons & Co. Albany NY y ; hes ue ed 7 be! 7 M py , ra wits Od Sat i “ Ie 4 « ‘ th , " N . ; ‘ rf z - i b 7 has * 3 ‘ / é ‘ a4 f ~ ci a 1 : ‘ < | . af ’ - cy »> | ‘ Lay eat ‘ . ¢ “¥ yI i 4 7 “T<31 : ‘ i! 5 ’ 4 “F - : ve oa | bi) ; R - f f 5! - 0] y 4 : ‘ 4 ‘ : vi ; es ‘ f te y "lets “GI enay > bs ' i, TE) ent t r . ys rh : { i] : } i*i4 i: 2 " ‘“ * ’ 5 ’ yore : j 4 wey vay i : > aa : { y . ft 4 if j . nl t { 14 ey Lgenyyt ‘ fy MIO os i Rupiah Sat st a sh Fae 5 my tm el Naa EP ee it st < vie > 7 A r af o 4 on oF fe AS se oe Pan Neen eg aes 0% Sy Rare ‘ PLATE XXVI. AULACOPHYLLUM suLcAtTuM, D’ Orbigny. Fig. 1. Posterior view of a decorticated specimen. Fig. 2. Lateral view of the same. disposition of the lamelle. Fig. 4. Posterior view of a worn specimen showing the calyx. AULACOPHYLLUM CRUCIFORME. Page 428. Fig. 5. Posterior view, showing the calyx. . Fig. 6. Lateral view of the coral. > eee ‘ AULACOPHYLLUM TRISULCATUM. Page 429. Fig. 7. Lateral view of the specimen. Fig. 8. View of the calyx. AULACOPHYLLUM CONVERGENS. Page 426. Fig. 9. Lateral view of the coral. Fig. 10. View of the calyx. : FOSSIL CORALS, State Mus Nat.Hist. 35. Plate 26. Phil Ast lth. Weed,Parsons & Co. Albany, NY ‘ a (3 vi TAT f 4 f Dahihe: woe i es 7 r y \ ; att? (ODE BOC IT AT OLET AIST ia a at i | : - AY Eig TE ea a rrp stat 2 tty atsih’ VERDE be 24 Sue Nae an i eghiare Le “Myx wo LIARS vole, fia aS one'l “ i 5 sot | x th Ii vee oo : ' +g ae Bi, TY MEODATY “) Ae Dee raed Rei Bi Hamre Ayo ne ; PRAISE NY LAAT J W ath gid ’ Ay . resis) baled anne i 10 Wav. ied oi ve , * hi Ray ay vane PRO; reat? “gin “~ ans A i) ae A BE ae ee Soe He x a f ie NSE 4 do Pbolf, eee BPs ‘fe 7 fe =, is, fe ie “ots Phy he | Tey, ay “sy 4 | ey a Pres maa f \ 4, 2 ae rae ™, fie, rc as al a - tea, A Ble Bs, = ir ae nf Ie Shei fas f My Ae hate 7, ecm | : fied A ee Anas eel ie See Eats. ¥ betkie eet aes “se fis ae ean RA aE AS a ae 7 fi tah ae eshte Bt ‘ ; | ff O My ie dae Ea = Ee. laity 203, 5 Bets, haat si Nes ; Bauer vita feet Sk Wane? ie F aad = ear i Y XG ee, Z 4 Bil | | Er ft i i feteae | i I is f NE & 2 itll ( TYEE seer eerie le Tete (ae Ae0EHEHEL. : Sad iat i @ %> “WNONENN YAN | 3 9088 01300 5574