1995 ANNUAL REPORT to the GOVERNMENTS OF CANADA, UNITED STATES, SASKATCHEWAN AND MONTANA ^^^ ^ocumms comrm M VI 1997 il«ONTANA STATE LIBRARY '^^-J^^!Vo.?aV/C by the POPLAR RIVER BILATERAL MONITORING COMMITTEE Poplor COVERING CALENDAR YEAR 1995 • %Bia December 1996 Montana State Library 3 0864 1004 5767 3 1995 ANNUAL REPORT to the GOVERNMENTS OF CANADA, UNITED STATES, SASKATCHEWAN, AND MONTANA by the POPLAR RIVER BILATERAL MONITORING COMMITTEE COVERING CALENDAR YEAR 1995 December, 1996 Poplar River Bilateral Monitoring Committee Dq)artnient of State Washington, D.C., United States Governor's Office State of Montana Helena, Montana, United States Department of External Affairs and International Trade Canada Ottawa, Ontario, Canada Saskatchewan Environment and Resource Management Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada Ladies and Gentlemen: Haein is tfie 15* Annual Report of the Poplar River Bilateral Monitoring Committee. This rq»rt discusses the Committee activities of 1995 and presents the proposed schedule for 1996. During 1995, the Poplar River Bilateral Monitoring Committee continued to fulfil the responsibilities assigned by the governments under the Poplar River Cooperative Monitoring Agreement dated Sq)tember 23, 1980. Through exchange of Diplomatic Notes, on March 12, 1987, the Arrangement was extended to March 1991. In July 1992, another exchange of Diplomatic Notes extended the Arrangement retroactively fhjm March 31, 1991 to March 31, 19%. In addition, the Arrangement was modified to terminate the quarterly exchange of data and substitute an annual exchange of data. The enclosed rqwrt summarizes current conditions and compares them to guidelines for specific parameter values that were developed by the International Joint Commission under the 1977 Reference from Canada and the United States. After examination and evaluation of the monitoring information for 1995, the Committee finds that the measured conditions meet the recommmded objectives. However, the Committee notes that the flow-weighted concentration of total dissolved solids in streamflow in the East Poplar River at the International Boundary continues to increase and is approaching the long-term objective of 1,000 milligrams per litre. The Committee also notes that there is the need to finalize the three unresolved parameters - pH, mercury in fish, and unionized ammonia. During 1995, monitoring continued in accordance with Technical Monitoring Schedules outlined in 1992 Annual Report of the Poplar River Bilateral Monitoring Committee. Yours sincerely. Robert Davis Chairman^nited States Section Richard Kellow Chairman, Canadian Section /Ce . ^ . ~X .:t-c GirffFritz Member, Uni States Section 4^— 2C Darryl Nargang Member, Canadian Section TABLE OF CONTENTS Highlights for 1995 iii 1.0 Introduction 1 2.0 Committee Activities 2 2.1 Memberships 2 2.2 Meetings 2 2.3 Review of Water-Quality Objectives 3 2.4 Data Exchange 3 3.0 Water and Air: Monitoring and Interpretations 5 3.1 Poplar River Power Station Operation 5 3.2 East Poplar River 5 3.2.1 Streamflow 5 3.2.2 Apportionment 6 3.2.3 Minimum Flows 6 3.2.4 On-demand Release 7 3.2.5 Water-Quality 8 3.2.5.1 Total Dissolved Solids 9 3.2.5.2 Boron 13 3.2.5.3 Other Water-Quality Variables 16 3.3 Ground-Water 18 3.3.1 Operations 18 3.3.2 Ground-water Levels 19 3.3.2.1 Saskatchewan 19 3.3.2.1.1 Frenchman Ground- Water Project 22 3.3.2.2 Montana 22 3.3.3 Ground-Water Quality 23 3.3.3.1 Saskatchewan 23 3.3.3.2 Montana 28 3.4 Cookson Reservoir 28 3.4.1 Storage 28 3.4.2 Water-Quality 30 3.5 Air-Quality 30 3.6 Quality Control 30 3.6.1 Streamflow 30 3.6.2 Water-Quality 31 ANNEXES 1.0 Poplar River Cooperative Monitoring Arrangement, Canada-United States Al 2.0 Poplar River Cooperative Monitoring Arrangement, Technical Monitoring Schedules, 1996, Canada-United States A2 3 .0 Recommended Flow Apportionment in the Poplar River Basin A3 Table 2.1 Table 3.1 Table 3.2 Table 3.3 Table 3.4 Table 3.5 TABLES Water-Quality Objectives 4 Recommended Water-Quality Objectives and Excursions, 1995 Sampling Program, East Poplar River at the International Boundary 17 Water-Quality Statistics for Water Pumped from Supplementary Water Supply Project Wells Sampled at Site "C3 " on Girard Creek 23 Water-Quality Statistics for Water Pumped from Soil Salinity Project Wells Sampled at the Discharge Pipe 24 Cookson Reservoir Storage Statistics for 1995 29 Streamflow Measurement Results for August 25, 1995 31 FIGURES Figure 3.1 Discharge during 1995 Compared with the Median Discharge for 1961-1990 for the Poplar River at the International Boundary 6 Figure 3.2 Flow Hydrograph of the East Poplar River at the International Boundary 7 Figure 3.3 TDS Concentrations for 1995 Grab Samples from East Poplar River at the International Boundary 10 Figure 3.4 Three-Month Moving, Flow-Weighted TDS Concentration for East Poplar River at the International Boundary 10 Figure 3.5 Five- Year Moving, Flow- Weighted TDS Concentration for East Poplar River at the International Boundary 12 Figure 3.6 Daily TDS Concentration, 1982 to 1995, East Poplar River at the International Boundary 12 Figure 3.7 Boron Concentrations for 1995 Grab Samples from East Poplar River at the International Boundary 14 Figure 3.8 Three-Month Moving, Flow- Weighted Boron Concentration for East Poplar River at the International Boundary 14 Figure 3.9 Five- Year Moving, Flow-Weighted Boron Concentration for East Poplar River at the International Boundary 15 Figure 3.10 Daily Boron Concentration, 1982 to 1995 East Poplar River at the International Boundary 15 Figure 3.11 Drawdown for Hart Seam Aquifer as of December 1995 20 Figure 3.12 Cone of Depression in the Empress Sands Due to the Salinity Projects as of December 1995 21 Figure 3.13 Hydrographs of Selected Wells 22 Figure 3.14 Total Dissolved Solids in Samples from Montana Wells 28 Figure 3.15 Cookson Reservoir Mean Daily water Levels for 1995 and Mean Daily Monthly Water Levels for 1981-1991 29 -u HIGHLIGHTS FOR 1995 The Poplar River Power Station completed its twelfth full year of operation in 1995. The two 300-megawatt coal-fired units generated 4 472 200 gross megawatt hours of electricity which is about 102 percent of the 1994 power and 103 percent of 1993 power. The average capacity factors for Units No. 1 and 2 was 87.2 percent and 85.3 percent, respectively. Monitoring information collected in both Canada and the United States during 1995 was exchanged in the spring of 1996. In general, the sampling locations, frequency of collection, and parameters met the requirements identified in the 1995 Technical Monitoring Schedules set forth in the 1994 annual report. Streamflow in the Poplar River basin was below normal in 1995. The March to October recorded flow for the Poplar River at the International Boundary was 3 340 danf or 33 per cent of the 1931 to 1990 median seasonal flow. The 1995 recorded flow volume of the East Poplar River at the International Boundary was 2 530 dam^ This volume is 85 per cent of the median annual flow since the completion of the Morrison Dam in 1975. The on-demand release, in accordance with the apportionment recommendations of the International Joint Commission (UC), entitled Montana to a release of 617 dam^ from Cookson Reservoir during the twelve month period commencing June 1, 1994. Montana requested this release to be made between April 11 and May 31, 1995. In addition to the minimum flow, a volume of 628 danf was delivered during this period. It is noted that the 5-year moving flow-weighted concentrations of total dissolved solids for the East Poplar River at the International Boundary were continuing to approach the 1 000 milligrams per litre objective. The calculated 5-year flow-weighted concentration of total dissolved solids for 1995 was 989 milligrams per litre. However, the concentration of boron for 1995 was 1.84 milligrams per litre, below its objective of 2.5 milligrams per litre. 1.0 INTRODUCTION The Poplar River Bilateral Monitoring Committee was authorized for an initial period of five years by the Governments of Canada and the United States under the Poplar River Cooperative Monitoring Arrangement dated September 23, 1980. A copy of the Arrangement is attached to this report as Annex 1. On March 12, 1987, the Arrangement was extended by the Governments for four years to March 1991. The Arrangement was further extended for another five years to March 1996, following a request from the Committee in 1991. A more detailed account of the historical background of the Monitoring Arrangement is contained in the 1990 Annual Report of the Poplar River Bilateral Monitoring Committee. The Committee oversees monitoring programs designed to evaluate the potential for transboundary impacts from SaskPower's (formerly Saskatchewan Power Corporation) coal-fired thermal generating station and ancillary operations near Coronach, Saskatchewan. Monitoring is conducted in Canada and the United States at or near the International Boundary for quantity and quality of surface and ground water and for air quality. Participants from both countries, including Federal, State and Provincial agencies, are involved in monitoring. The Committee submits an annual report to Governments which summarizes the monitoring results, evaluates apparent trends, and compares the data to objectives or standards recommended by the International Joint Commission (UC) to Governments, or relevant State, Provincial, or Federal standards. The Committee reports to Governments on a calendar year basis. This report is the fifteenth in the series. The Committee is also responsible for drawing to the attention of Governments definitive changes in monitored parameters which may require immediate attention. A responsibility of the Committee is to review the adequacy of the monitormg programs in both countries and make recommendations to Government on the Technical Monitoring Schedules. The Schedules are updated annually for new and discontinued programs and for modifications in sampling frequencies, parameter lists, and analytical techniques of ongoing programs. The Technical Monitoring Schedules listed in the annual report (Annex 2) are given for the forthcoming year. The Committee will continue to review and propose changes to the Technical Monitoring Schedules as information requirements change. 2.0 COMMITTEE ACTrvrriES 2.1 Membership The Committee is composed of representatives of the Governments of the United States of America and Canada, the State Government of Montana, and the Provincial Government of Saskatchewan. In addition to the representatives of Governments, two ex-officio members serve as local representatives for the State of Montana and Province of Saskatchewan. During 1995, the members of the Committee included: Mr. J. A. Moreland, U.S. Geological Survey, United States representative and Cochair; Mr. R. Kellow, Environment Canada, Canadian representative and Cochair; Mr. G. Fritz, Montana Department of Natural Resources and Conservation, Montana representative; Mr. D. D. Nargang, Saskatchewan Environment and Resource Management, Saskatchewan representative; Mr. C.W. Tande, Daniels County Commissioner, Montana local ex-officio representative; and Mr. J.R. Totten, Reeve, R.M. of Hart Butte, Saskatchewan local ex-officio representative. 2.2 Meetings The Committee met on August 2 and 3, 1995, in Helena, Montana. Delegated representatives of Governments, with the exception of the two ex-officio members from Montana and Saskatchewan, attended the meeting. In addition to Committee members, several technical advisors representing Federal, State and Provincial agencies participated in the meeting. During the meeting, the Committee reviewed the operational status of the Poplar Power Plant and associated coal mining activities; examined data collected in 1994 iiKluding surface water-quality and quantity, ground water-quality and quantity, and air quality; established the Technical Monitoring Schedules for 1996; discussed proposed changes in water-quality objectives and the possibility of replacing the flow-weighing method currently used to compute total dissolved solids and boron. The Committee also prepared the first draft of the 1994 annual Report to Governments. 2.3 Review of Water-Oualitv Objectives The International Joint Commission in its Report to Governments, titled " Water-Quality in the Poplar River Basin", recommended that the Committee "periodically review the water-quality objectives within the overall Basin context and recommend new and revised objectives as appropriate". In 1991, the Committee undertook a review of water-quality objectives. The Committee approved changes in water-quality objectives recommended by the 1991 subcommittee which was formed to review the objectives. Revised objectives approved by the Committee are listed in Table 2.1. The Committee discussed the water-quality objectives for 5-year and 3-month flow-weighted concentrations for total dissolved solids and boron. Although the Committee agreed that calculation procedures to determine flow-weighted concentrations are time consuming and probably scientifically questionable, no consensus was reached on alternative objectives or procedures. Objectives for unionized ammonia, pH, and mercury in fish tissue and the rational for using flow- weighted averages in the determinations of total dissolved solids and boron will require additional study. Another responsibility of the Committee has included an ongoing exchange of data acquired through the monitoring programs. Exchanged data and reports are available for public viewing at the agencies of the participating governments or fi-om Committee members. 2.4 Data Exchange The Committee is responsible for assuring exchange of data between governments. The exchange of monitoring information was initiated in the first quarter of 1981 and was an expansion of the informal quarterly exchange program initiated between the United States and Canada in 1976. Until 1991, data were exchanged on a quarterly basis. At the request of the Committee, the United States and Canada agreed to replace the quarterly exchange of data with an annual exchange effective at the beginning of the 1992 calendar year. Henceforth, data will be exchanged once each year as soon after the end of the calendar year as possible. However, unusual conditions or anomalous information will be reported and exchanged whenever warranted. No unusual conditions occurred during 1995 which warranted special reporting. Table 2.1 Water-quality Objectives PARAMETER PRESENT OBJECTIVE RECOMMENDATION NEW OBJECTIVE Boron - total 3.5/2.5' Discontinue flow weighting 7 TDS 1500/1000' Discontinue flow weighting ? Aluminum, dissolved 0.1 Discontinue Ammonia, un-ionized 0.02 Base objective on temperamre and pH (table to be done later) Cadmium, total 0.0012 Continue as is 0.0012 Chromium, total 0.05 Discontinue Copper, dissolved 0.005 Discontinue ... Copper, total 1.0 Continue as is 1.0 Fluoride, dissolved 1.5 Continue as is 1.5 Lead, total 0.03 Continue as is 0.03 Mercury, dissolved 0.0002 Change to total 0.0002 Mercury, fish (mg/kg) 0.5 Discuss with fisheries people 7 Nitrate 10 Continue as is 10 Oxygen, dissolved 4.0/5.0" Objective applies only during open water 4.0/5.0' SAR (units) 10.0 Continue as is 10.0 Sulfate, dissolved 800 Continue as is 800 Zinc, total 0.03 Continue as is 0.03 Water temperature (C) 30.0^ Continue as is 30.0^ pH (units) 6.5* Continue as is (need to determine what is natural) 6.5* Conform (no./lOO ml) Fecal 2,000 Discontinue Total 20,000 Discontinue Units in mg/L except as noted. 1. Five-year average of flow-weighted concentrations (March to October) should be <2.5 boron, < 1,(XX) TDS. Three-month average of flow-weighted concentration should be <3.5 boron and < 1500 TDS. 2. 5.0 (minimum April 10 to May 15), 4.0 (minimum remainder of year). 3. Natural temperature (April 10 to May 15), <30 degree Celsius (remainder of year) 4. Less than 0.5 pH units above natural, minimum pH=6.5. 3.0 WATER AND AIR: MONITORING AND INTERPRETATIONS 3.1 Poplar River Power Station Operation In 1995, the average capacity factor for Unit No. 1 was 87.2 percent. The average capacity factor for Unit No. 2 was 85.3 percent. The capacity factors are based on the maximum generation rating of 297.8 MW/h for Unit No. 1 and 294.0 MW/h for Unit No. 2. Total power generated from both units was 4 472 200 gross megawatt-hours which is about 102 percent of 1994 power and 103 percent of 1993 power. There was no major construction activity during 1995 as compared to 1994 when Ash Lagoon #3 South was constructed. A minor construction project was started in the fall of 1995 to install a new discharge culvert between Ash Lagoons 1 and 2. 3.2 East Poplar River 3.2.1 Streamflow Streamflow in the Poplar River basin was below normal in 1995. The March to October recorded flow of the Poplar River at the International Boundary, an indicator of natural flow in the basin, was 3 340 cubic decameters (dam^) or 33 percent of the 1931 to 1990 median seasonal flow. However, timely precipitation sustained above-average flows in the normally dry late-summer months after below-average snowmelt runoff in the spring. A comparison of 1995 mean monthly discharge with the l%l-90 median flow is shown in Figure 3.1. MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT Figure 3. 1 Discharge during 1995 as Compared with the Median Discharge from 1931- IS^ for Poplar River at the International Boundary. The 1995 recorded flow volume of the East Poplar River at the International Boundary was 2 530 dam'. This volume is 85 % of the median annual flow since the completion of Morrison Dam in 1975. 3.2.2 Apportionment In 1976 the International Souris-Red Rivers Engineering Board, through its Poplar River Task Force, completed an investigation and made a recommoidation to the Governments of Canada and the United States regarding the aj^rtionment of waters of the Poplar River basin. Although not officially adopted by the two countries, the Poplar River Bilateral Monitoring Committee has adhered to the Apportionment Recommendations in each of its annual reports. Annex 3 contains the apportionment recommendation. 3.2.3 Minimum Flows The recorded volume of the Poplar River at the International Boundary from March 1 to May 31, 1995 was 2 110 dam^ Based on UC recommendations and the assumption that the recorded flow is the natural flow, the United States was entitled to a minimum discharge on the East Poplar of 0.028 mVs for the period June 1, 1995 to May 31, 1996. The minimum flow for the period January 1 to May 31, 1995 had previously been determined on the basis of the Poplar River flow volume for March 1 to May 31, 1994. A hydrograph of the East Poplar River at the International Boundary and the minimum flow as recommended by the UC are shown in Figure 3.2. Daily flows during 1995 cwcasionally fell below the recommended minimum during the winter months because of beaver activity, ice conditions, and severe cold spells. The deficit volume for January through March, 1995, was 10 dam' - an average of 0.001 mVs per day. FEB MAR APR MAY JUNE JULY AUG SEPT OCT NOV OEC Figure 3.2 Flow Hydrograph of the East Poplar River at the International Boundary. 3.2.4 On Demand Release In addition to the minimum flow, the UC apportionment recommendation entitles Montana to an on demand release to be delivered during the twelve month period commencing June 1. Based on the runoff volume of 13 200 dam' recorded at the Poplar River at the International Boundary gaging station during the March 1 to May 31, 1994 period, Montana was entitled to a release of 617 dam' from Cookson Reservoir during the twelve month period commencing June 1, 1994. Montana requested this release to be made between April 11 and May 31, 1995. In addition to the minimum flow, a volume of 628 dam' was delivered during this period. 3.2.5 Water-Quality The 1981 report by the UC to Governments recommended: For the March to October period, the maximum flow-weighted concentrations should not exceed 3.5 milligrams per litre (mg/L)for boron and 1500 mg/Lfor TDS for any three consecutive months in the East Poplar River at the International Boundary. For the March to October period, the long-term average of flow-weighted concentrations should be 2.5 mg/L or less for boron, and 1000 mg/L or less for TDS in the East Poplar River at the International Boundary. For the period prior to 1982, three-month moving flow- weighted concentrations (FWC) for boron and TDS were calculated solely from monthly monitoring results. Since the beginning of 1982, the US Geological Survey (USGS) has monitored specific conductance daily in the East Poplar River at the International boundary, allowing estimates of daily boron and TDS concentration to be derived from the regression relationship with specific conductance. Thus, three-month FWCs for the period 1982 to 1995 have been calculated from both the results of monthly monitoring and the daily concenfration estimates. The Bilateral Monitoring Conmiittee adopted the approach that for the purpose of comparison with the proposed UC long-term objectives, the boron and TDS data are best plotted as five-year moving FWCs which were advanced one month at a time. Prior to 1988, long-term averages were calculated for a five year period in which 2.5 years preceded and 2.5 years followed each plotted point. Beginning in 1988, FWCs were calculated from the five year period preceding each plotted point. For example, the FWC for December 1995 refers to the FWC of the period December 1990 to December 1995. The calculations are based on the results of samples collected throughout the year, and are not restricted to only those collected during the months bracketing the period of irrigation (March to October) each year. 3.2.5.1 Total Dissolved Solids There is an inverse relationship between TDS and streamflow at the International Boundary station. During periods of high runoff, such as spring freshet, TDS drops as the proportion of streamflow derived ultimately from ground- water decreases. Conversely, during times of low streamflow Gate summer, winter) the contribution of ground- water to streamflow is proportionaUy greater. Because the natural ground- water has a higher ionic strength than the surface water entering the river, the TDS of the stream increases markedly during low flow conditions. TDS grab sample data collected by Environment Canada and the USGS in 1995 are shown in Figure 3.3. TDS ranged from 899 mg/L on 6- July to 1 194 mg/L on 9-May. The proposed short- term objective for TDS is 1 500 mg/L. A time plot of the three-month moving FWCs for TDS is presented in Figure 3.4. No exceedences of the objective have been observed during any three month period since 1975. The three-month FWCs remained confined within a narrow range centred around a mean of approximately 984 mg/L (regression generated data) and 1 039 mg/L (grab sample data). 10 Figure 3.3: TDS Concentrations for 1995 Grab Samples from East Poplar River at the International Boundary 1400 1200 1000 800 600 400 200 05/09 i 02/14 A i ■ ! 01/17, • ; 03/204/11 ' i 1 ! 11/08 , "j^'" 08/2^ °^^ ^^f' ; 06/2J7/06 i 1 : 1 ^ i ^ ' \ i ^ i i i : 1 1 i 1 i \ i 1 ! ' ; ; i I 01 -Jan 02-Mar 01 -May 30-Jun 29-Aug 28-Oct 27-Dec 31-Jan 01-Apr 31-May 30-Jul 28-Sep 27-Nov 1995 Figure 3.4: Three Month Moving Flov\/-Weighted TDS Concentrations for East Poplar River at the International Boundary 1500 1000 , Short-term Objective (1500 mg/L) S 500 - Time — from sample analysis x ^°'^ regression 11 Five-year FWC's for TDS at 989 mg/L (Figure 3.5) for 1995 continued to approach, but remained below the long-term objective of 1000 mg/L. The maximiim monthly value calculated in 1995 was 981 mg/L. This gradual increase in five-year FWC for TDS is due to low surface runoff in the late eighties/early nineties, particularly reflected in the spring flows, which has not allowed for sufflcient flushing of Cookson Reservoir. A linear regression analysis was applied to the daily TDS values, as generated from the daily specific conductance readings from 1982 to 1995 (Figure 3.6). The regression line shows a gradual increase in TDS over this period. The positive trend is probably due to drought conditions in southern Saskatchewan during the latter part of the 1980' s, and the early 1990' s. Hence, a larger overall contribution of ground- water to the flow in the East Poplar River. The upward trend could also be attributed in part to higher rates of evaporation from Cookson Reservoir during the hot, dry period of the late 1980's, and to the fact that the Reservoir has received very little flushing over the period of record, due to the need to conserve cooling water. It should be understood though, that this regression line has a low R-squared value, which means that it is only a very general indicator of long-term trends, and should not be thought of as a predictive tool. The relationship between TDS and conductivity generated from data collected from 1975 to 1995 is as follows: TDS = (0.639 X specific conductance) + 11.286 (R} = 0.87, n = 517) 12 I Figure 3.5: Five- Year Moving Flow-Weighted TDS Concentrations for East Poplar ! River at the International Boundary 1200 1000 - «d 800 o> E, c % 600 o 400 O 200 - 1 1 1 1 i i i 1 1 i i Ml :::;:: : : : : : : ; : i : : i 1 : : : i ^p=^^ j. — j. |.. Long-Term Objective (1 000 mgIL) \ i i 1 i i i i i i i i ■ i ■ • • ^ • • ♦ i i"' 1 1 1 1 Ni 1 1 1 1 l] 1 MM 1 _L M 1 1 1 j 1 89 i 90 91 j 92 93 j 94 i 95 ! ! i 1 > i 76 1 77 i 78 i 79 i 80 81 j 82 j 83 j 84 j 85 j 86 87 j 88 i : . ■ ! i ! : i ! ! • Figure 3.6: Daily TDS Concentration, 1982 to 1995, East Poplar River j at the Intennational Boundary 1600 Dec-81 Dec-83 Dec-85 Deo-87 Dec-89 Dec-91 Dec-93 Dec-95 Slope = 10.03 mg/L/year R-Squared = 0.11 — Linear regresssion line 13 3.2.5.2 Boron During 1995, boron concentrations in the East Poplar River at the International Boundary varied from 0.94 (9-May) to 2.2 mg/L (14-February, and 14-December) (Figure 3.7). Three-month boron FWC's for the period of record are shown in Figure 3.8. The short-term objective of 3.5 mg/L was not exceeded for the period 1975-1995. It can be seen that the data derived from grab samples and that derived from regression with specific conductance are similar, with the highs and lows in some degree of correspondence. This indicates that the regression generation of boron (and TDS) values is in general terms, a valid procedure. The five-year boron FWC's displayed in Figure 3.9 remained well below the long-term objective of 2.5 mg/L. From mid 1993 to the end of the data period there is a distinct drop in tlie computed values. The relationship between boron and conductivity at the East Poplar River sampling location during the period 1975 to 1995 is described by the equation: boron = (0.0013 x specific conductance) - 0.092 (R^ = 0.61, n = 517) As shown in Figure 3.10, the straight line generated by the regression analysis of boron (dependent variable) over time (independent variable) shows a positive slope of 0.025 mg/L/year. Again, as was the case with TDS, this is only a general indicator of a long-term behaviour. It should not be considered a predictive tool, without a more detailed analysis of weather, ground-water conditions, and conditions imposed by the power station. 14 Figure 3.7: Boron Concentrations for 1995 Grab Samples from East Poplar River at the International Boundary 2.5 B o 1.5 o 1 U S 1 — 0.5 i 02/14 • 104/11 1 i 1 i i 1 12/14 i11/08 ; • 06/2^ i • i 1 1 01/17 i • ' ♦ ' 03«? ' • 1 i 1 05/09 < ♦....<> • I I i : i 1 i i < 1 i I i i • I i j i 01 -Jan 02-Mar 01 -May 30-Jun 29-Aug 28-Oct 27-Dec 31-Jan 01-Apr 31-May 30-Jul 28-Sep 27-Nov 1995 Figure 3.8: Three Month Moving Flow-Weighted Boron Concentrations for East Poplar River at the International Boundary AJ 76 77 i 78 I 79 i 80 I 81 j 82 j 83 j 84 j 85 j 86 ; 87 j 88 ; 89 I 90 j 91 j 92 j 93 i 94 i 1 I i i i I i i _! ! J i i ! ! I Time — from regression — from sample analysis 15 Figure 3.9: Five- Year Moving Flow-Weighted Boron Concentration for East Poplar River at the International Boundary 2 - ! « e a 1 i Long-Term Objective (2.5 mg/L) ! ! c: 1 ijrr 1 r 1 1 1^ M 1 „ ^ Lf. ^ i ....I i i 1 If ill i : : i i 76 77 78 i 79 80 81 82 83 1 84 85 j 86 i 87 88 89 j 90 j 91 | 92 93 94 95 Figure 3.10: Daily Boron Concentration, 1982 to 1995, East Poplar River at the International Boundary S 2 - o ■ eo Dec-81 Deo83 Dec-85 Dec-87 Dec-89 Dec-91 Dec-93 Dec-95 Slope = 0.0251 mg/lJyear R-Squared = 0.11 Linear regression line 16 3.2.5.3 Other Water-Quality Variables Table 3.1 contains the multipurpose water-quality objectives for the East Poplar River at the International Boundary, recommended by the International Poplar River Water-Quality Board to the IJC. The table shows the number of samples collected for each parameter and the number of exceedences over the course of the year. In the table, multiple replicate samples collected during the annual quality control exercise are treated as a single sample, but any exceedences noted in the suite of replicate sample is charged against the single sample noted. There were no exceedences for any parameter measured. The January 17 Canadian sample revealed a dissolved oxygen concentration of 4 mg/L, which is equal to the objective value. Dissolved oxygen levels can be expected to be lower during ice-covered conditions, and low- flow summer conditions where oxygen has been reduced by biological activity. Table 3.1 lists the updated multipurpose water-quality objectives for the East Poplar River at the International Boundary, recommended by the International Poplar River Water-Quality Board to the UC. Revisions to the objectives were made in 1992 as outlined in the 1992 annual report. Objectives for un-ionized ammonia, mercury in fish, and pH require further definition. No excursions occurred in 1995. 17 Table 3.1 Recommended Water-Quality Objectives and Excursions, 1995 Sampling Program, East Poplar River at the International Boundary (units in mg/L except as otherwise noted) || Parameter Objective No. of Samples Excursions USA Canada Objectives recomnnended by UC to Governments Boron-total 3.5/2.5(1) 6 9 Nil Total Dissolved Solids 1500/1000(1) 6 9 Nil Objectives recommended by International Poplar River Water-Quality Board to IJC (Revised in 1 992) Ammonia un-ionized (as N) Base objective on temperature and pH (to be defined) 6 9 No Objective Cadmium-total 0.0012 1 9 Nil Copper-total 1.0 1 9 Nil Fluoride-dissolved 1.5 6 9 Nil Lead-total 0.03 1 9 Nil Mercury-total 0.0002 — 9 Nil Mercury-v\/hole fish (mg Hg/Kg) 0.5 .. .. Nitrate (as N) 10.0 6 9 Nil Oxygen-dissolved 4.0/5.0(2) 6 7 Nil Sodium adsorption ratio (SAR) 10.0 6 9 Nil Sulphate-dissolved 800.0 6 9 Nil Zinc-total 0.03 1 9 Nil Water Temperature (Celsius) 30.0(3) 6 7 Nil pH (pH Units) 6.5(4) 6 7 Nil 1. Three-month average of flow-weighted concentrations should be <3.5 boron and < 1,500 TDS. Five-year average of flow-weighted concentrations (March to October) should be < 2.5 boron and < 1 ,000 TDS. 2. Objective applies only during open water. 5.0 (minimum April 10 to May 1 5), 4.0 (minimum remainder of year). 3. Natural temperature (April 10 to May 1 5), <30 degrees Celsius (remainder of year). 4. Less than 0.5 pH units above natural (to be defined), minimum pH = 6.5. 18 3.3 Ground-water 3.3.1 Operations In 1995, SaskPower continued to operate their supplementary ground-water supply to Cookson Reservoir. The 1995 total of 5 376 dam? of ground-water produced from the supplementary supply was slightly less than the 1994 production of 5 485 danf . SaskPower has an approval to produce an aimual volimie of 5 500 dam?. SaskPower's well network currently consists of 21 wells, with a total of 10 discharge points. No wells were added or deleted from the well field during the year. Production was reasonably consistent throughout most of the year with the exception of July and August when there was a reduction in pumping. In July and August, with the exception of well UA, wells which do not supply water to domestic users were turned off. Therefore, from mid-July to late August, only 5-6 wells were pumped, as opposed to the remainder of the year when up to 19 wells were pumped. Reduced summer pumping assists in maximizing flows into Cookson Reservoir by minimizing evaporative losses in Girard Creek and ensures that the SaskPower's allocation is not exceeded. Operation of SaskPower's salinity project continued in 1995 with production from 7 wells, with a total volume of 1 017 dan^ pumped during the year. This represents a slight reduction from the 1994 pumped volume of 1 095 dam?. (An eighth well is located along the International Boundary, but has never been operated). As in previous years, the majority of the water was pumped from wells PW87103 and PW87104 on the east side of the river and PW90108 on the west side of the river. 19 3.3.2 Ground-Water Levels 3.3.2.1 Saskatchewan There does not appear to be any major changes in the cone of depression in the Hart Coal seam as a result of the supplementary supply project. The 1 m drawdown contour is at or near the International Boundary, much as it has been for the past several years (Figure 3.11). As a result of the map for 1996 being generated by a computer contouring package, there are some differences in the manner in which the contours are drawn, but these differences are minor. The reasonably consistent drawdowns over the past several years (over which the volumes pumped have been fairly consistent) indicate the aquifer system has approached a semi-equilibrium state. The December 1995 drawdown map for the Empress sands (Figure 3.12) indicates that there was a significant increase in both the extent and magnitude of drawdowns from salinity project pumping. This increase occurred even with a slight reduction of pumping, which demonstrates the impacts of fluctuations in recharge on the project. Recharge in 1995 was lower than in 1993 and 1994. The goal of the project is to lower water levels in the Empress sands below the reservoir by 2-3 metres. This had been established prior to the significant recharge which started in June 1993, and led to drawdowns below the targeted level of 2-3 metres. The drawdown map shows that a 2-3 metre drawdown cone has been re-established on the west side, while drawdowns are 1-1 V2 metres on the east side. Pumping will target maintenance of the present drawdowns on the west side and expansion of drawdowns on the east to 2-3 metres. o % -i— _i_ — » — — B — ^cr — " _ -s t I 1 — nL ■ _i- -!- i.,I -1^ t ?i? i -11- — I— — s — .,^^__._. — « t 1 1 1 — "^t> _,^ J ■ ^■^^¥\ 0^ 1 ... -i- — 1 — — «— _, .J- ^ *^ ^w\~ -I- 1 y\-^ -„- — «— - 1- J— Z3 eJT^ A-\- 3^ -1:^ 35 jS-- ^\- — a — ~A^ -«- 1 — s — —Si 4^^-- ^- 1^-^/~ ' A it 4 1 n^ "*N — X — r*-l — \ 1 -«- t—t — r' Z^-Zl.i /F • U'- — 1,— ^"7 — s — — kr: -.- '^1 ^ ^ — a — -\ — nr ' 7 \~_ ^ Y / ,'/ ^ 5^ 1 Y 1^ — « — ^ ^' i — t — — E / '~'l/ */ Y — — T :.]/ ^ — I — -i f ' -i— — *— — t— — • r'-f" I—I su ~J*^ V y^ —11^- — .t^ — I — -»— — « — — • tI — — < — s y-L. -f 'f '"^ -«- — a^ -J •• I -11- — s — — S — —J — » — i-A "tf / 1 — » — — «— — 11 — -:,- -=- -B- — » — — s — -V-=-^ rt — U- r-' — — s— — 11 — -»-< -.- ^ -i — -I)— — « — \ i 1 1 — a — — 11 — — a — < i -11 — — « — — s — H-VV \l / ^£i" h- — « — — 11 — -11- h Xrww o-« — — 11 — — t — — II — . _ n~ — -._ — II — — « — i^- — « — — -.- — » — — s — + ^> cxd^"^ r : B — — » — — — « — -r — i — B — « — — -" . ^^ I — 1 -11- — s — — » — 4- i- T- i T 1 » — /4^ -h —*— — 11 — I ^F -11- — « — — 8 — -A" .- * ' 1 a — 7-C — it — — L — — i — -a — -A [/_ L yc Si '"-xky- — " * 1 » — A — — «— — « — -.- — t — 1 ~'1 ii,- i ^. t;t^ M r H-^ — — II — — ;i- — • — -,:- -f — _^< ^^ /f^ |^--P^ 1 s 1 — 1 1 i ~r — n — 1 — x — 1 1 1 — 1 J ~r T^ r tb E » « 22 3.3.2.1.1 Frenchmaii Groundwater Project Given the low water levels in Cookson Reservoir throughout the early to mid-1990s, SaskPower undertook an evaluation of the Frenchman (Hell Creek) formation as an additional supplementary supply and subsequently submitted an application for 360 dam'/year from the aquifer . There was some written opposition to the project from local residents and concerns were also submitted by the State of Montana and the United States Geological Survey due to potential drawdowns occurring across the International Boundary. The application is still under consideration. 3.3.2.2 Montana After an increase in water levels in 1994 due to an excellent recharge year, water levels in Wells 5, 8, 16, 19, 22, and 23 declined in 1995 reflecting a return to normal seasonal fluctuations. Monitoring Wells 6, 7, 9, 11, 13 and 17 fluctuated in response to seasonal changes (Figure 3.13). 2460 _ 2458 1 2456 ^^ S 2 2454 > U i; 2452 it ■g 2450 O 2448 2446 ■ V„i A •/ V \ ^ 'V *v. \. 1 ^•^ ^ J \ V I V K ■»^ j^' ■V w. ^ % ■ "1 % ^' J -v x^ \ ^ f / S ^ ; V •-> / ^ A r 4V ^ ■^ J- s i /^ ^ ■v C/ 6 7 17 19 JarvSO Jan-82 Jan-84 Jan-86 Jan-88 Jan-90 Jan-92 Jajv94 Jarv96 DATE Figure 3.13 Hydrograph of Selected Wells 23 3.3.3 Ground-Water-Quality 3.3.3.1 Saskatchewan The Water-quality from the Supplementary Water Supply Project discharge points has been consistent with no trends indicated. A summary of the more frequently tested parameters during 1995 is provided in Table 3.2. Statistical averages of the results since 1990 are included in this table. Water-quality from the wells has a positive influence on the quality of water in the reservoir for most parameters. Table 3.2 Water-Quality Statistics for Water Pumped Supplementary Water Supply Project Wells 1990-1995 Average 1995 Average pH (units) 7.6 7.4 Conductivity (uS/cm) 1387 1400 Total dissolved solids 921 937 Total suspended solids 3.3 2.4 Boron 1.2 1.3 Sodium 180 180 Sulphate 248 228 Nitrate 0.3 0.1 Cyanide <2 <2 Iron 1.2 1.0 Manganese 0.2 0.2 1 Units in mg/L except as noted 24 The Water-Quality of the common discharge point from the Salinity Control Project wells is generally better than the Water-Quality in Cookson Reservoir. Average results from the common discharge point for 1995, plus an average of the 1990-1995 results, are provided in Table 3.3. Results have been consistent since 1990. Table 3.3 Water-Quality Statistics for Water Pumped from Salinity Control Project Wells Sampled at the Discharge Pipe 1990-1995 Average 1995 Average pH (units) 7.5 7.3 Conductivity (uS/cm) 1415 1362 Total dissolved solids 946 928 Boron 1.6 1.6 Calcium 104 106 Magnesium 58 59 Sodium 147 153 Potassium 7.3 7.5 Arsenic (ug/L) 11.1 8.6 Aluminum 0.02 0.03 Barium 0.03 0.03 Cadmium <0.001 <0.001 Iron 4.1 4.2 Manganese 0.14 0.14 Chloride 5.5 6.8 Strontium 1.7 1.7 Nitrate 0.1 <0.003 Sulphate 313 313 1 Units in mg/L except as noted. | 25 Ground-water quality in the vicinity of the ash lagoons can potentially be affected by leachate movement through the ash lagoon liner systems. The piezometers listed in the Technical Monitoring Schedules are used to assess leachate movement and calculate seepage rates. Piezometric water level, boron and chloride are the chosen indicator parameters to asses leachate movement. The ground- water monitoring program was expanded in 1994 as a result of Ash Lagoon #3 South construction. In total 20 new pneumatic piezometers and 28 new standpipe piezometers were completed within their target zones. Testing of these piezometers began in 1995. Due to the limited amount of data collected to date from these piezometers, a meaningfiil review is not yet possible. Piezometers 867A, 868A and 871 A are completed immediately above the liner system, within the ash stack of Ash Lagoon #1 . The 1995 monitoring results continue to suggest confirmation of the trend first observed in 1993 that the boron concentration decreases with depth within the ash stack. The effect of ash thickness on leachate quality is, however, not completely understood. The chemistry of water immediately above the liner systems is therefore suspected to differ from the surface water of the lagoons. Meaningful information is only available from piezometers installed within Ash Lagoon #1 where ash has been deposited for many years. New piezometers 886A, 887A, 890A and 893A have been completed above the liner system of new Ash Lagoon #3 South and are now being monitored. Future monitoring of all piezometers completed above the lagoon liner systems will continue with the purpose of confirming the boron trend noted above and to improve the understanding of leachate quality and flow from the ash lagoons. The piezometric surface measurements for the oxidized till continue to show the presence of a ground-water mound beneath the ash lagoons. Relative to the 1994 position, the size and extent of the ground- water mound has not significantly changed. The mound extends from the east side of Ash Lagoon 2, where levels have increased 7 metres, to the west side of the polishing pond, where levels have increased 4 metres. Oxidized till piezometers located closer to the reservoir have shown a decreasing trend in piezometric levels reacting to lower reservoir levels. 26 The greatest changes in chloride and boron concentrations within the oxidized till, have occurred where piezometric levels have changed the most. This is an expected result as changing piezometric levels suggest ground-water movement. Increasing boron concentrations on the east and south side of Ash Lagoon 2, together with decreasing chloride concentrations suggests leachate influence. On the west-side of the polishing pond the boron concentrations have not significantly changed. Little change in boron or chloride concentrations has been observed for most of the oxidized till piezometers located by the reservoir. The most significant change in samples from any of these piezometers has been C719 where chloride concentrations have decreased 93 mg/1 overall since 1983 to 18 mg/1. The change in quality is suspected to be the result of reservoir influence rather than ash lagoon influence. A ground- water mound has developed in the unoxidized till, similar to that in the oxidized till, extending from the east side of Ash Lagoon 2 to the west side of the Polishing Pond. The ground- water mound is known to be discontinuous as piezometers 764D and 871C are located within the mound area and are reacting to reservoir levels. A review of boron and chloride concentrations does not show any significant trends. The piezometric surface of the Empress gravels indicate a regional flow from northwest to southeast below Morrison Dam. Monitoring since 1983 generally shows that the piezometric surface in the lagoon area reacts to the reservoir level. Results for Empress gravel Water-Quality do not indicate any leachate influence with the majority of piezometers showing little change in boron or chloride concentrations from background values. Sand lens piezometers C712B, C766 and C767 are located between the polishing pond and the cooling water canal. C767 is located on the top of dyke G and C766 and C712B are located at the toe of dyke G. These piezometers have historically been of interest as the sand lens provides a preferential pathway for leachate migration. A review of the boron concentrations for C766 shows an increasing trend up to October 1988 when levels peaked at 12.6 mg/1. Boron concentration decreased to 6.99 mg/1 in April 1990, then began increasing again peaking at 35.2 mg/1 in June 1993 before falling to 26.7 mg/1 in October 1993. The boron concentration began an increasing trend throughout 1994 and peaked at 43 mg/1 27 in May, 1995, the highest recorded concentration to date, before decreasing to near 35 mg/1 in October, 1995. The chloride concentration for C766 has shown little movement since 1987 and remains within the 20 to 30 mg/1 range, similar to the ash lagoon surface water concentration. Up to April 1988 the boron concentration for C767 was increasing and peaked at 49.4 mg/1. From this peak the boron concentration has steadily decreased to the end of 1991 where the concentration levelled off near 5 mg/I. The October 1995 result is 5.28 mg/1. The reduction in boron concentrations for samples from C767 suggest the movement of a slug of leachate and not a continuous plume. There has been an increasing trend in chloride for C767 ranging from 25 mg/1 in 1989 to 75 mg/1 in 1991. Since 1991 the concentration has remained near 70 mg/1 with an October 1994 result of 73.4 mg/1. In 1995 the concentration showed a moderate increase, ranging between 94 and 99 mg/1. Boron concentrations for piezometer 712B were initially below 1.0 mg/1 until an increasing trend began in 1987 with the concentration peaking in April 1992 at 26.6 mg/1. The boron concentration then decreased and levelled off near 18 mg/1 with an October 1995 result of 20 mg/1. Chloride concentrations trended down for C712B to 50 mg/1 in 1988 from over 200 mg/1 in 1984. Since 1988 chloride levels have changed little with an October 1995 result of 50.8 mg/1. In 1994 it was reported that no vertical seepage or liner permeability could be calculated for Ash Lagoon #3 North due to the measured pore pressure exceeding what the lagoon water level could physically produce. As expected this situation has corrected. The total calculated seepage from the ash lagoons in 1995 was determined to be 1.61 litres per second. This value is not significantly different from the 1994 and 1993 calculated seepage rates of 1.67 and 1.62 litres per second, respectively. There was a negligible total calculated seepage rate for Ash Lagoon #3 South at 0.001 litres per second. This result was not unexpected as the lagoon has only been in service since May, 1995 and no gradients have developed. Liner permeabilities for all lagoons except Ash Lagoon 3 South remain in the order of lO^cm/sec. The liner permeability determined for Ash Lagoon 3 South, based on the above permeability, is not considered realistic and was not reported. 28 3.3.3.2 Montana Samples were collected firom monitoring wells 7, 16, and 24 during 1995. Well 7 is completed in Hart Coal, well 16 is completed in the Fort Union Fonnation, and well 24 is completed in alluvium. No significant changes in water quality was observed. Graphs of total dissolved solids for selected wells are shown in Figure 3. 14. 1000 800 M 600 400 200 X ^ \ > ^_ ■ ..^ A. ^ ^ "^ ■*■ Si — t — -^ N ^ — * "^ \, A \, k^ V — — - — 1 7 16 24 Jan-80 Jan-82 Jan-84 Jan-86 Jan-88 Jan-90 Jan-92 Jan-94 Jarv96 DATE Figure 3.14 Total Dissolved Solids in Samples frmn Montana Wells. 1^ Cookson ReseiToir 3.4.1 Storage On January 1, 1995, Cookson Reservoir storage was 29 440 dam', or 63% of the full supply volume. The 1995 maximum, minimum and period elevations and volumes are shown in Table 3.4. In addition to runoff, reservoir levels were augmented by groundwater pumping. Wells in the abandoned west block mine site supplied 5 376 dam' to Girard Creek. Approximately 70% of this flow volume reached Cookson Reservoir. Wells in the soil salinity project area supplied 1 017 dam' directly to the reservoir. 29 Table 3.4 Cookson Reservoir Storage Statistics for 1995 Date Eievation (m) Contents (dam') January 1 751.00 29 440 Aprils 751.07 29 860 December 2 750.66 27 400 1 December 31 750.68 27 510 Full Supply Level 753.00 43 400 The Poplar River Power Station is dependent on water from Cookson Reservoir for cooling. Power plan operation is not adversely affected until reservoir levels drop below 749.0 metres. The dead storage level for cooling water used in the generation process is 745.0 metres. The 1995 recorded levels and associated operating levels are shown in Figure 3. 15. As the result of a below normal spring runoff in the basin and some minor rainfall runoff during the summer, water levels remained relatively steady throughout the year. 1995 Cookson Reservoir Daily Mean Water Levels Mm CmMcOkm 7m 1 753 FulS««plyLMl 751 . ^ — ^ 741) i«K RMonM MWmum DMirad OpmUnQ Lmal 747 74f> Mnlnun Uubto Skng* LMd 743 741 . Jan F«b Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug S«p Oct Nov 0«c Figure 3.15 Cookson Reservoir Mean Daily Water Levels for 1995 and Median Monthly Water Levels for 1981-1991. 30 3.4.2 Water-Quality The 1995 spring runoff had little positive impact on Cookson Reservoir water-quality. At the end of 1995, boron concentrations in the reservoir were about 2.4 mg/L compared to about 2.4 mg/L at the end of 1994. Similarly, TDS increased from 1 250 mg/L at the end of 1994 to about 1 400 mg/L at the end of 1995. Water-quality conditions at the end of 1995 were similar to year-end conditions in 1993 and early 1992. 3.5 Air-Quality SaskPower's ambient SOj monitoring for 1995 recorded no violations of SERM's hourly and 24- hour average standards at 0.17 and 0.06 ppm, respectively. The highest hourly value was recorded at 0.0413 ppm in June, 1995. Total suspended particulate concentrations for 1995 obtained from SaskPower's monitor did not exceed SERM's 24-hour standard of 120ug/m^ The highest recorded concentration was 60.6 ug/m' in June, 1994. The geometric mean for the high-volume suspended particulate sampler was 15.7 ug/m^ 3.6 Quality Control 3.6.1 Streamflow To test the comparability of Streamflow measurements made by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) and Environment Canada (EC), similar measurements were made on the East Poplar River at the International Boundary on August 23, 1995 by personnel from both agencies. The discharge data shown in Table 3.5 are similar although not identical indicating the difficulty of obtaining the same measurements of small discharge using conventional current-metre methods. The computations were made using the theoretical discharge of the 9CP V-notch weir of 0.067 ra?/s. 31 Table 3.5 Streamflow Measurement Results for August 23, 1995 Agency Time CST Width (m) Mean Area Velocity (m/s) Gauge Height (m) Discharge (mVs) EC 1430 1.4 0.131 0.469 1.567 0.061 USGS 1450 1.4 0.147 0.448 1.567 0.066 3.6.2 Water-Quality Quality control sampling was carried out at the East Poplar River at the International Boundary on August 23, 1995. Participating agencies included the United States Geological Survey (USGS), Environment Canada, Saskatchewan Environment and Resource Management and SaskPower Corp. Sets of triplicate samples were split from USGS sampling chums and submitted to the respective laboratories for analyses. Field procedures were identical to those used since 1986. ANNEX 1 POPLAR RIVER COOPERATIVE MONITORING ARRANGEMENT CANADA-UNITED STATES Al-1 September 23, 1980 POPLAR RIVER COOPERATIVE MONITORING ARRANGEMENT I. PURPOSE This Arrangement will provide for the exchange of data collected as described in the attached Technical Monitoring Schedules in Water-Quality, water quantity and air quality monitoring programs being conducted in Canada and the United States at or near the International Boundary in response to SaskPower development. This Arrangement will also provide for the dissemination of the data in each country and will assure its comparability and assist in its technical interpretation. The Arrangement will replace and expand upon the quarterly information exchange program instituted between Canada and the United States in 1976. n. PARTICIPATING GOVERNMENTS Governments and government agencies participating in the Arrangement are: Government of Canada: Environment Canada Government of the Province of Saskatchewan: Saskatchewan Environment and Resource Management Government of the United States of America: United States Geological Survey Government of the State of Montana: Executive Office m. POPLAR RIVER MONITORING COMMITTEE: TERMS OF REFERENCE A binational committee called the Poplar River Bilateral Monitoring Committee will be established to carry out responsibilities assigned to it under this Arrangement. The Committee will operate in accordance with the following terms of reference: A1-2 A. Membership The Committee will be composed of four representatives, one from each of the participating Governments. It will be jointly chaired by the Government of Canada and the Government of the United States. There will be a Canadian Section and a United States Section. The participating Governments will notify each other of any changes in membership on the Committee. Co- chairpersons may by mutual agreement invite agency technical experts to participate in the work of the Committee. The Governor of the State of Montana may also appoint a chief elective official of local government to participate as an ex-officio member of the Committee in its technical deliberations. The Saskatchewan Minister of the Environment may also appoint a similar local representative. B. Functions of the Committee The role of the Committee will be to fulfil the purpose of the Arrangement by ensuring the exchange of monitored data in accordance with the attached Technical Monitoring Schedules, and its collation and technical interpretation in reports to Governments on implementation of the Arrangement. In addition, the Committee will review the existing monitoring systems to ensure their adequacy and may recommend to the Canadian and United States Governments any modifications to improve the Technical Monitoring Schedules. 1. Information Exchangg Each Co-chairperson will be responsible for transmitting to his counterpart Co-chairperson on a regular, and not less than quarterly basis, the data provided by the cooperative monitoring agencies in accordance with the Technical Monitoring Schedules. 2. E£I2Q£tS (a) The Committee will prepare a joint Annual Report to the participating governments, and may at any time prepare joint Special Reports. (b) Annual Reports will i) summarize the main activities of the Committee in the year under Report and the data which has been exchanged under the Arrangement; ii) draw to the attention of the participating governments any definitive changes in the monitored parameters, based on collation and technical interpretation of exchanged data (i.e. the utilization of summary, statistical and other appropriate techniques); iii) draw to the attention of the participating governments any recommendations regarding the adequacy or redundancy of any scheduled monitoring operations and any proposals regarding modifications to the Technical Monitoring Schedules, based on a continuing review of the monitoring programs including analytical methods to ensure their comparability. c) Special Reports may, at any time, draw to the attention of participating governments definitive changes in monitored parameters which may require immediate attention. d) Preparation of Reports Reports will be prepared following consultation with all committee members and will be signed by all Committee members. Reports will be separately forwarded by the Committee Co-chairmen to the participating governments. All annual and special reports will be so distributed. 3. Activities of Canadian and United States Sections The Canadian and United States section will be separately responsible for: (a) dissemination of information within their respective countries, and the arrangement of any discussion required with local elected officials; (b) verification that monitoring operations are being carried out in accordance with the Technical Monitoring Schedules by cooperating monitoring agencies; (c) receipt and collation of monitored data generated by the cooperating monitoring agencies in their respective countries as specified in the Technical Monitoring Schedules; (d) if necessary, drawing to the attention of the appropriate government in their respective covmtries any failure to comply with a scheduled monitoring function on the part of any cooperating agency under the jurisdiction of that government, and requesting that appropriate corrective action be taken. IV. PROVTSTON OF DATA In order to ensure that the Committee is able to carry out the terms of this Arrangement, the participating governments will use their best efforts to have cooperating monitoring agencies, in their respective jurisdictions provide on an ongoing basis all scheduled monitored data for which they are responsible. V. TERMS OF THE ARRANGEMENT The Arrangement will be effective for an initial term of five years and may be amended by agreement of the participating governments. It will be subject to review at the end of the initial term and will be renewed thereafter for as long as it is required by the participating governments. Al-5 ANNEX 2 POPLAR RIVER COOPERATIVE MONITORING ARRANGEMENT TECHNICAL MONITORING SCHEDULES 1996 CANADA-UNITED STATES A2-1 TABLE OF CONTENTS PREAMBLE X2 - 3 CANADA STREAMFLOW MONITORING A2 - 5 SURFACE-WATER-QUALITY MONITORING A2 " 1 GROUND- WATER PIEZOMETERS TO MONITOR POTENTIAL DRAWDOWN DUE TO COAL SEAM DEWATERING A2 - 10 GROUND-WATER PIEZOMETERS LEVEL MONITORING - POWER STATION AREA A2 - 12 GROUND- WATER PIEZOMETER LEVEL MONITORING - ASH LAGOON AREA A2 - 14 AMBIENT AIR-QUALITY MONITORING A2 - 23 UNITED STATES STREAMFLOW MONITORING A2 - 26 SURFACE-WATER-QUALITY MONITORING A2 - 28 GROUND-WATER-QUALITY MONITORING A2 - 30 GROUND-WATER LEVELS TO MONITOR POTENTIAL DRAWDOWN DUE TO COAL SEAM DEWATERING A2 - 32 A2-2 PREAMBLE The Technical Monitoring Schedule lists those water quantity, Water-Quality and air quality monitoring locations and parameters which form the basis for information exchange and reporting to Governments. The structure of the Committee responsible for ensuring the exchange takes place is described in the Poplar River Cooperative Monitoring Arrangement. The monitoring locations and parameters listed herein have been reviewed by the Poplar River Bilateral Monitoring committee and represent the basic technical information needed to identify any defmitive changes in water quantity, Water-Quality and air quality at the International Boundary. The Schedule was initially submitted to Governments for approval as an attachment to the 1981 report Governments. Changes in the sampling locations and parameters may be made by Governments based on the recommendations of the committee. Significant additional information is being collected by agencies on both sides of the International Boundary, primarily for project management or basin-wide baseline data purposes. This additional information is usually available upon request from the collecting agency and forms part of the pool of technical information which may be drawn upon by Governments for specific study purposes. Examples of additional information are water quantity, Water-Quality, ground-water and air quality data collected at points in the Poplar River basin not of direct concern to the Committee. In addition, supplemental information on parameters such as vegetation, soils, fish and waterfowl populations and aquatic vegetation is also being collected on either a routine or specific studies basis by various agencies. A2-3 POPLAR RIVER COOPERATIVE MONITORING ARRANGEMENT TECHNICAL MONITORING SCHEDULES 1996 CANADA A2-4 STREAMFLOW MONITORING Responsible Agency: Environment Canada Daily mean discharge or levels and instantaneous monthly extremes as normally published in surface water data publications. No. on Map Station No. Station Name n 11AE003 (06178500) East Poplar River at International Boundary 2 ***11AE013 Cookson Reservoir near Coronach 3 ***11AE015 Girard Creek near Coronach Cookson Reservoir 4 11AE014 East Poplar River above Cookson Reservoir 5 **Fife Lake Overflow .. 11AE008 (06178000) Poplar River at International Boundary ♦ - International gauging station ** - Miscellaneous measurements of outflow to be made by Sask Water during periods of outflow only. *** - Sask Water took over the monitoring responsibility effective July 1/92. A2-5 10 Mil«t HYDROMETRIC GAUGING STATIONS (CANADA) A2-6 SURFACE-WATER-QUALITY Sampling Locations 1 Responsible Agency: Saskatchewan Environment and Resource Management J No. on Map Station No. Station Name 1 7904 Fife Lake Overflow 2 12412 Discontinued Girard Creek at Coronach Reservoir Outflow 3 12377 Discontinued Upper End of Cookson Reservoir at Highway 36 4 12368 Cookson Reservoir near Dam 5 12386 Discontinued East Poplar River at Culvert Immediately Below Cookson Reservoir Responsible Agency: Environment Canada No. on Map Station No. Station Name ] 6 00SA1 1AE0008 East Poplar River at International Boundary J A2-7 PARAMETERS Responsible Agency: Environment Canada NAQUADAr Parameter Analytical Method Sampling Frequency Code Station No 6 10151 Alkalinity-pherK}lphthalein Potentiometric Titration BM 10111 Alkalinity-total Potenbometric Titration BM 13102 Aluminurrwjissolved AA-Direct BM 13302 Alutninutn-extracted AA-Direct BM 07570 Ammonia-free Calculated BM 07540 AmrrK5nia-total Automated Colourimetric BM BM 33108 Arsenic-dissolved ICAP-hydride 56001 Barium-total AA-Direct BM 06201 Bicartonates Calculated BM 05211 Boron-dissolved ICAP BM 96360 Bronnoxynil Gas Chromatography BM 48002 Cadmiunvtotal AA Soh«nt Extraction BM 20103 Calcium AA-Direct BM 06104 Cartxsn-dissolved organic Automated IR Detection BM 06901 Cartxjn- particulate Elemental Analyzer BM 06002 Cartx)n-total organic Calculated BM 06301 Cartx)nates Calculated BM 17206 Chloride Automated Colourimetric BM 06717 Chlorophyll a Spectropliotometric BM 24003 Chromium-total AA-Solvent Extraction BM 27002 Cobalt-total AA-Sotvent Extraction BM 36012 Colifornvfecal Membrane Filtration BM 36002 Colifonrvtotal Membrane Filtration BM 02021 Colour Comparator BM 02041 Conductivity Wheatstone Bridge BM 29005 Copper-total AA-Solvent Extraction BM 06610 Cyanide Automated UV-Colourimetric BM 09117 Fluoride-dissolved Electrometric BM 06401 Free Cartxjn Dioxide Calculated BM 10602 Hardness Calculated BM 17811 Hexachlorobenzene Gas Chromatography BM 08501 Hydroxide Calculated BM 26104 Iron-dissolved AA-Direct BM 82002 Lead-total AA-Solvent Extraction BM 12102 Magnesium AA-Dired BM 25104 Manganese-dissolved AA-Direct BM 80011 Mercury-total FlamelessAA BM 07901 N-particulate Elemental Analyzer BM 07651 N-total dissolved Automated UV Colourimetric BM 10401 NFR Gravimetric BM 28002 Nickel-total AA-Solvent Extraction BM 07110 Nitrate/Nitrite Colourimetric BM 07603 Nitrogen-total Calculated BM 10650 Non-Cartx>nate Hardness Calculated BM 18XXX Organo Chlorines Gas Chromatography BM 08101 Oxygen-dissolved Winkler BM 15901 P-particulate Calculated BM 15465 P-total dissolved Automated Colourimetric BM 185XX Phenoxy Herbicides Gas Chromatography BM 15423 Phosphorus-total Colourimetnc (TRAACS) BM 19103 Potassium Flame Emission BM 11250 Percent Sodium Calculated BM 00210 Saturation Index Cateulated BM 34108 Selenium-dissolved ICAP-hydride BM 14108 Silica Automated Colourimetric BM 11103 Sodium Flame Emission BM 00211 Stability Index Calculated BM 16306 Sulphate Automated Colourimetric BM 00201 TDS Calculated BM 02061 Temperature Digital Thermometer BM 02073 Turbidity Nephetometry BM 23002 Vanadiunvtotal AA-Solvent Extraction BM 30005 Zinc-total AA-Solvent Extraction BM 10301 PH Electrometric BM 92111 Uranium Fluometric MC * - Computer Storage and Retrieval System - Environment Canada AA - Atomic Absorption IR - Infrared NFR - Nonfilterable Residue MC - Monthly Composite •CAP - Inductively Coupled Argon Plasma. UV - Ultraviolet BM - Bimonthly (Alternate months sampled by U.S.G.S.) A2-8 A2-9 GROUND-WATER PIEZOMETERS TO MONITOR POTENTIAL DRAWDOWN DUE TO COAL SEAM DEWATERING Responsible Agency: Saskatchewan Environment and Resource Management Measurement Frequency: Quarterly Piezometer Tip of Screen Perforation Zone Number Location Elevation (m) (depth in metres) | 52 NW 14-1-27 W3 738.43 43 - 49 (in coal) 506A SW 4-1-27 W3 748.27 81 - 82 (in coal) 507 SW 6-1-26 W3 725.27 34 - 35 (in coal) 509 NW 11-1-27 W3 725.82 76 - 77 (in coal) 510 NW 1-1-28 W3 769.34 28 - 29 (in layered coal and clay) A2-10 V. GROUND-WATER PIEZOMETERS TO MONITOR POTENTIAL DRAWDOWN DUE TO COAL SEAM DEWATERING A2-11 GROUND- WATER PIEZOMETER MONITORING - POPLAR RIVER POWER STATION AREA SPC Piezometer Number Completion Formation 525 Empress 526 Empress 527 Empress 528 Oxidized 539 Empress 540 Empress 737 Empress 739 Empress 740 Empress 741 Empress 743 Empress 746 Mottled Till 747 Mottled Till 748 Mottled Till 756 Empress water levels measured quarterly SPC Piezometer Number Completion Formation 739 Empress samples collected annually A2-12 g LJ 2 c .0^^ .^^ .0^ ^^ 0^^ 6M Empress 76?& Unoxidized Till 767 Intra Till Sand 768A Empress 7W6 Unoxidized Till 768C Oxidized Till 775A Oxidized Till 775C Unoxidized Till 776A Oxidized Till 776B Oxidized Till 6676 Oxidized Till 867C Unoxidized Till 6666 Oxidized Till 668C Unoxidized Till 869B Oxidized Till 869C Unoxidized Till 6706 Empress 871 6 Oxidized Till 671C Unoxidized Till 6726 Oxidized Till 672C Unoxidized Till 873E Empress 885B Oxidized Till 665C Oxidized Till 885D Unoxidized Till 6656 Empress 886A Ash Stack 6666 Oxidized Till 886C Oxidized Till 666t) Unoxidized Till 886E Empress 887B Oxidized Till 667C Oxidized Till 887D Unoxkjized Till 887E Empress 8888 Oxidized Till 888C Oxidized Till A2-16 GROUND-WATER PIEZOMETER MONITORING- ASH LAGOON AREA-WATER LEVEL (Continued) SPC Piezometer Number Completion Formation 888D Unoxidized Till Empress Oxidized Till B6^ 155C" ■555^ Oxidized Tril " Unoxidized Till 889r Empress Oxidized Till Oxidized Till "55(317 Unoxidized Till Empress i5or "S5TB" Oxidized Till Oxidized Till ^5TCr Unoxidized Till 89TD^ ■55Tr "892r ■8§2C" Empress Oxidized Till Oxidized Till Unoxidized Till M5D^ Empress Oxidized Till 852E M3B Oxidized Till 893C Unoxidized Till Empress 893D "893r Oxidized Till Oxidized Till 894B "8945" Unoxidized Till Empress 894D 894E 1555" Oxidized Till 895(r Oxidized Till Unoxidized Till 855D ■gSST Empress Water levels measured quarterly A2-17 GROUND-WATER PIEZOMETER MONITORING- ASH LAGOON AREA-QUALITY SPC Piezometer Numt>er Completion Formation 529 Empress S32 Empress 533 Empress 534 Oxidized Till 538 Empress 653A UnoxidlzedTill 655A Unoxidized Till 7i2A Unoxidized Till 7126 Intra Till Sand 71 2C Mottled Till 7iif) Oxidized till 713 Oxidized Till 71 4A Unoxidized Till 714C Oxidized Till 714D Oxidized Till 71 4E Empress 715 Oxidized Till 716 Oxidized Till 718 Mottled Till 71d Oxidized Till 726A Oxidized Till 7S6C Oxidized Till 726E Empress 7S6A Oxidized Till 7286 Unoxidized Till 726C Mottled Till 728D Oxidized Till 731 Empress 732 Empress 733 Empress 734 Empress 742 Empress 745 Oxidized Till 749 Mottled Till 766 Unoxidized Till 751 Unoxidized Till 752 Unoxidized Till 7S3 Oxidized Till A2-18 GROUND-WATER PIEZOMETER MONITORING- ASH LAGOON AREA-QUALITY (Continued) SPC Piezometer Number Completion Formation 757 Unoxidized Till 756 Intra Till Sand 763A Mottled Till 7636 Oxidized Till 763D Unoxidized Till 1 763E Empress 766 Intra Till Sand 767 Intra Till Sand 775A Oxidized Till 775C UnoxWlzedTill 1 776A Oxidized Till 776B Oxidized Till 667A Ash Stack 667b Oxidized Till 667C Unoxidized Till 66dA Ash Stack 8686 Oxidized Till 868C Unoxidized Till 869B Oxidized Till 869C UnoxkJized Till 1 d76£ Empress 871A Ash Stack 671 6 Oxidized Till 871C Unoxidized Till 8728 Oxidized Till 872C UnoxkJized Till 873E Empress 885B Oxidized Till 885C Oxidized Till 885D Unoxidized Till 885E Empress 8d6A Ash Stack 8d6B Oxidized Till 686C Oxidized Till 886D Unoxki'ized Till 686£ Empress 887A Ash Stack 887B Oxidized Till A2-19 GROUND-WATER PIEZOMETER MONITORING- ASH LAGOON AREA-QUALITY (Continued) SPC Piezometer Number Completion Formation 887C Oxidized Till 88?D Unoxidized Till 887E Empress 888B Oxidized Till 888C Oxidized Till 68dC) Unoxidized Till 888E Empress 889B Oxidized Till 889C Oxidized Till 889D Unoxidized Till 889E Empress 890A Ash Stack 890B Oxidized Till 890C Oxidized Till 890D Unoxidized Till 890E Empress 8918 Oxidized Till 891C Oxidized Till 891 D Unoxidized Till 891E Empress 69^8 Oxidized Till 892C Oxidized Till 892D Unoxidized Till 892E Empress 893A Ash Stack 8938 Oxidized Till 89X Oxidized Till mb Unoxidized Till 6d3E Empress 8948 Oxidized Till 6d4C Oxidized Till 6d4& UnoxkJized Till 894E Empress 8958 Oxidized Till 895C Oxidized Till t^5b Unoxidized Till 895E Empress Samples collected annually A2-20 A2-21 PARAMETERS R«»pon»lbl« Agtncy: Saskatchewan Envlronmant and Rasourc* Managtmant || Sampling ESQUADAT* Raquancy Station Coda Paramatar Analytical mathod No.: Ptazomatara 1 10101 Alkalinity-tot Pot-Titration A 13105 Aluminum-Diss AA-Direct 3" 33104 Arsenic-Diss Ranneiess AA A 56104 Barium-Diss AA-Dlrect A 06201 B>cart>onates Calculated A 06106 Boron-Diss Cdourinwtry 3" 48102 Cadmium-Diss AA-Solvent Extract (MIBK) A 1 20103 Caldum-Diss AA-Direct A 1 06301 Carbonates Calculated A 17203 Chloride-Diss Cotourinwtry A 24104 Chromium-Diss AA-Direct A 27102 Cobalt-Diss AA-Solvent Extract (MIBK) A 02011 Colour Comparator A 02041 Conductivity Conductivity Meter A 29105 Copper-Diss AA-Solvent Extract (MIBK) 4" 09103 Fluoride-Diss Specific Ion Electrode A 26104 Iron-Diss AA-Direct A 82103 Lead-Diss AA-Sotvent Extract (MIBK) A 12102 MagnesiunvDiss AA-Direct A 25104 Manganese-Diss AA-Direct A 80111 MercufV-Diss Molybdenum-Diss Flanr^eless AA A 42102 AA-Solvent Extract (N-Butyl acetate) A 10301 pH Electrometric 3" 19103 Potassium-Diss Flame Photometry A 34105 Selenium-Diss Hydride generation A 14102 Silica-DIss Colourimetry A 11103 Sodium-Diss Flame Photometry A 38101 Strontium-Diss AA-Direct 3" 16306 Sulphate- Diss TDS Colourimetry 3" 10451 Gravimetric 3" 92111 Uranium-Diss Fluorometry 3" 23104 Vanadium-Diss AA-Direct A 97025 Water Level 4 30105 Znc-Diss AA-Solvent Extract (MIBK) A No zioc or ina for PiezomeiEn CS31 to CS3S * Computer tkanrt and retiieval lystem — Swkuchevai Environment and Resource Maragemeai ** Anaiyze amtally for ihe«e Piesomeien Not. SYMBOLS: AA - Aionac abMrpbon A- Annoally 3-3 timeVyor AA- SolTcal Exnct (MIBK) - uit^e acidieed uid extracted wiih Mediyl Isobvtyl Ketone. 4- 4iune*^K« A2-22 AMBIENT Am-QUALITY MO^fITORING Responsible Agency: Saskatchewan Environment and Public Safety NO. ON MAP LOCATION PARAMEILRS REPORTING FREQUENCY 1 Coronach (Discontinued) Sulphur Dioxide Continuous monitoring with hourly averages as summary statistics. Wind speed and direction Continuous monitoring with hourly averages as summary statistics. Total Suspended Particulate 24-hour samples on a 6-day CYCLE, corresponding TO THE National Am Pollution Surveillance Sampling Schedule. 2 International Boundary • Sulphur Dioxide Continuous monitoring with hourly averages as summary statistics. Total Suspended Particulate 24-hour samples on 6-day cycle, corresponding to the national am pollution surveillance Sampling Schedule. MEIHODS Sulphur Dioxide Saskatchewan Environment and Public Safety Colourimetric Titration, Pulsed Fluorescence Total Suspended Particulate Saskatchewan Environment and Public Safety High Volume Method • This station operated by SaskPower. A2-23 ^ 10 Miles AMBIENT AIR-QUALITY MONITORING (CANADA) A2-24 POPLAR RIVER COOPERATIVE MONITORING ARRANGEMENT TECHNICAL MONITORING SCHEDULES 1996 UNITED STATES A2-25 STREAMFLOW MONITORING Responsible Agency: U.S. Geological Survey No. on Map Station Numt)er Station Name r 06178000 (11 AE008) Poplar River at International Boundary 2* ======= 06178500 (11 AE003) East Poplar River at International Boundary 'International Gauging Station A2-26 5 10 15 Km 5 lO Miles HYDROMETRIC GAUGING STATIONS (UNITED STATES) A2-27 SURFACE-WATER-QUALITY MONITORING -- Station Location Responsible Agency: U.S. Geological Survey No. on Map USGS Station No. Station Name 1 06178000 Poplar River at International Boundary 2 06178500 East Poplar River at International Boundary 3 06179000 East Poplar River near Scobey PARAMETERS WATSTORE* SAMPUNG FREQUENCY NO. Code Parameter Analytical Method 1 2 3 90410 Alkalinity • lab Elect Titration M BM BM 01106 Aluminum - diss AE, DC Plasma SA SA SA 00610 Ammonia - tot Colon metric M BM BM 00625 Ammonia +Org N-tot Colorimetric M BM BM 01000 Arsenic - diss AA hydride SA SA SA 01002 Arsenic - tot /iA, hydride A A A 01010 Beryllium - diss ICP SA SA SA 01012 Beryllium - tot/rec AA - Persultate A A A 01020 Boron - diss /VE. DC Plasma M BM BM 01025 Cadmium - diss AA, GF SA SA SA 01027 Cadmium - tot/rec AA. GF - Persutfate A A A 00915 Calcium ICP M BM BM 00680 Cartx>n - tot Org Wet Oxidation SA SA SA 00940 Chloride - diss Cotorimetric M BM BM 01030 Chromium - diss AE. DC Plasma SA SA SA 01034 Chromium - tot/rec AE. DC Plasma Persulfate A A A 00080 Colour Electrometric. visual M BM BM 00095 Conductivity Wheatstone Bridge M D BM 01040 Copper - diss AA, GF SA SA SA 01042 Copper - tot/rec AA, GF - Persutfate A A A 00061 Discharge - Inst Direct measurement M BM BM 00950 Fluoride Electrometric M BM BM 01046 Iron - diss AE, ICP M BM BM 01045 Iron - tot/rec AA-Persulfate A A A 01049 Lead - diss />A, GF SA SA SA 01051 Lead - tot/rec AA. GF - Persulfate A A A 00925 Magnesium - diss AA M BM BM 01056 Manganese - diss ICP SA SA SA 01055 Manganese - tot/rec AA-Persulfate A A A 01065 Nickel - diss AA, GF SA SA SA 01067 Nickel - tot/rec AA, GF - Persulfate A A A 00615 Nitrite - tot Colorimetric M BM BM 00630 Nitrate + Nitrite - tot Colorimetric M BM BM 00300 Oxygen-diss Winkler/meter M BM BM 70507 Phos. Ortho-tot Cotorimetric M BM BM 00400 PH Electrometric M BM BM 00665 Phosphorous • tot Colorimetric M BM BM 00935 Potassium - diss AA M BM BM 00931 SAR Calculated M BM BM 80154 Sediment - cone. Filtration-Gravimetric M BM BM 80155 Sediment - load Calculated M BM BM 01145 Selenium - diss AA, hydride SA SA SA 01147 Selenium tot AA, hydride A A A 00955 Silica ICP M BM BM 00930 Sodium ICP M BM BM 00945 Sulphate - diss Turt>imetry M BM BM 70301 Total Dissolved Solids Calculated M BM BM 00010 Temp Water Stem Thennometer M BM BM 00020 Temp Air Stem Thermometer M BM BM 00076 Turtjidity Nephelometric M BM BM 80020 Uranium - diss Spectrometry MC . 1 01090 Zinc - diss ICP SA SA SA ! 01092 Zinc - tot/rec AA-Persulfate A A A SYMBOLS: C - continuous; D - daily; M - monthly; BM - bimonthly; MC - monthly composite; * - Computer storage and A - annually at high flow; SA - semi-annually at low and high flow; GF - graphite furnace retrieval system - USGS AA - atomic absorption; tot - total; rec - recoverable; diss - dissoh^ed; AE - atomic absorption; DC • direct cun-ent; ICP - inductively coupled plasma; A2-28 lO Miles SURFACE-WATER-QUALITY MONITORING STATIONS (UNITED STATES) A2-29 GROUND-WATER-QUALITY MONITORING - Station Locations — =JJ , Responsible Agency: Montana Bureau of Mines and Geology Map Well ToUl Depth (a) Casing Aquifer Perforation Number Location (m) ^Diameter (cm) Zone (m) 7 37m7E12BBBB 44.1 10.2 Hart Coal 39-44 16 37m6E3ABAB 2S.S 10.2 Fort Union 23-25 24 37rM8E5AB 96 102 Alluvium 92-96 II Parameters Storet • • Parameter Analytical Method Sampling Frequency Station No. Code 00440 Bicarbonates Electrometric Titration Sample collection is annually for 01020 Boron-diss Emission Plasma, ICP all locations identified above. 00915 Calcium Emission Plasma 00445 Carbonates Electrometric Titration The analytical method descriptions 00940 Chloride Ion Chromatography are those of the Montana Bureau of 00095 Conductivity Wheatstone Bridge Mines and Geology Laboratory where 01040 Copper-diss Emission Plasma, ICP the samples are analysed. 00950 Fluoride Ion Chromatography 01046 Irondiss Emission Plasma, ICP 01049 Lead-diss Emission Plasma, ICP 01130 Lithlum-diss Emission Plasma, ICP 00925 Magnesium Emission Plasma, ICP 01056 Manganese-diss Emission Plasma, ICP 01060 Molybdenum Emission Plasma, ICP 00630 Nitrate Ion Chromatography 00400 PH Electrometric 00935 Potassium Emission Plasma, ICP 01145 Selenlum-diss AA 00955 Silica Emission Plasma, ICP 00930 Sodium Emission Plasma, ICP 01080 Strontium-diss Emission Plasma, ICP 00445 Sulphate Ion Chromatography 00190 Zinc-diss Emission Plasma, ICP 70301 TDS Calculated SYMBOLS: AA - Atomic Absorption; ■ Computer storage and retrieval system - EPA ICP - Inductively Coupled Plasma Unit A2-30 0 5 10 -5 K' 10 Miles GROUND-WATER-QUALITY MONITORING (UNITED STATES) A2-31 GROUND-WATER LEVELS TO MONITOR POTENTIAL DRAWDOWN DUE TO COAL SEAM DEWATERING 1 Responsible Agency: Montana Bureau of Mines and Geology 1 No. on Map Sampling 1 2 to 24 Determine water levels quarterty A2-32 0 5 10 15 Km 10 Miles GROUND-WATER PIEZOMETERS TO MONITOR POTENTIAL DRAWDOWN DUE TO COAL SEAM DEWATERING A2-33 AN>fEX3 RECOMMENDED FLOW APPORTIONMENT IN THE POPLAR RIVER BASIN BY THE INTERNATIONAL SOURIS-RED RIVERS ENGINEERING BOARD. POPLAR RTVER TASK FORCE (1976) A3-1 •RECOMMENDED FLOW APPORTIONMENT IN THE POPLAR RTVER BASIN The aggregate natural flow of all streams and tributaries in the Poplar River Basin crossing the International Boundary shall be divided equally between Canada and the United States subject to the following conditions: 1 . The total natural flow of the West Fork Poplar River and all its tributaries crossing the International Boundary shall be divided equally between Canada and the United States but the flow at the International Boundary in each tributary shall not be depleted by more than 60 percent of its natural flow. 2. The total natural flow of all remaining streams and tributaries in the Poplar River Basin crossing the International Boundary shall be divided equally between Canada and the United States. Specific conditions of this division are as follows: (a) Canada shall deliver to the United States a minimum of 60 percent of the natural flow of the Middle Fork Poplar River at the International Boundary, as determined below the confluence of Goose Creek and Middle Fork. (b) The delivery of water from Canada to the United States on the East Poplar River shall be determined on or about the first day of June of each year as follows: (i) When the total natural flow of the Middle Fork Poplar River, as determined below the confluence of Goose Creek, during the immediately preceding March 1st to May 31st period does not exceed 4,690 cubic decameters (3,800 acre-feet), then a continuous minimum flow of 0.028 cubic metres per second (1.0 cubic feet per second) shall be delivered to the United States on the East Poplar River at the International Boundary throughout the succeeding 12 month period commencing June 1st. In addition, a volume of 370 cubic decameters (300 acre-feet) shall be delivered to the United States upon demand at any time during the 12 month period commencing June 1st. (ii) When the total namral flow of the Middle Fork Poplar River, as determined below the confluence of Goose Creek, during the immediately preceding March 1st to May 31st period is greater than 4,690 cubic decameters (3,800 acre-feet), but does not exceed 9,250 cubic decameters (7,500 acre-feet). Canada-United States, 1976, Joint studies for flow apportionment. Poplar River Basin, Montana-Saskatchewan: Main Report, International Souris-Red Rivers Board, Poplar River Task Force, 43 pp. A3 -2 then a continuous minimum flow of 0.057 cubic metres per second (2.0 cubic feet per second) shall be delivered to the United States on the East Poplar River at the International Boundary during the succeeding period June 1st through August 31st. A minimum delivery of 0.028 cubic metres per second (1.0 cubic feet per second) shall then be maintained from September 1st through to May 31st of the following year. In addition, a volume of 617 cubic decameters (500 acre-feet) shall be delivered to the United States upon demand at any time during the 12-month period commencing June 1st. (iii) When the total natural flow of the Middle Fork Poplar River, as determined below the confluence of Goose Creek, during the immediately preceding March 1st to May 31st period is greater than 9,250 cubic decameters (7,500 acre-feet), but does not exceed 14,8(X) cubic decameters (12,000 acre-feet), then a continuous minimum flow of 0.085 cubic metres per second (3.0 cubic feet per second) shall be delivered to the United States on the East Poplar River at the International Boundary during the succeeding period June 1st through August 31st. A minimum delivery of 0.057 cubic metres per second (2.0 cubic feet per second) shall then be maintained from September 1st through to May 31st of the following year. In addition, a volume of 617 cubic decameters (500 acre-feet) shall be delivered to the United States upon demand at any time during the 12 month period commencing June 1st. (iv) When the total natural flow of the Middle Fork Poplar, as determined below the confluence of Goose Creek, during the immediately preceding March 1st to May 31st period exceeds 14,8(X) cubic decameters (12,000 acres-feet) then a continuous minimum flow of 0.085 cubic metres per second (3.0 cubic feet per second) shall be delivered to the United States on the East Poplar River at the International Boundary during the succeeding period June 1st through August 31st. A minimum delivery of 0.057 cubic metres per second (2.0 cubic feet per second) shall then be maintained from September 1st through to May 31st of the following year. In addition, a volume of 1,230 cubic decameters (1,0(X) acre-feet) shall be delivered to the United States upon demand at any tune during the 12-month period commencing June 1st. (c) The natural flow at the International Boundary in each of the remaining individual fributaries shall not be depleted by more than 60 percent of its namral flow. The natural flow and division periods for apportionment purposes shall be determined, unless otherwise specified, for periods of time commensurate with the uses and requirements of both countries. A3-3 ANNEX 4 METRIC CONVERSION FACTORS A4-1 ac ac-ft C* cm cm* dam' te ha hm hm' l.gpm in kg km km* L L/s m m» mVs mm tonne U.S. gpm METRIC CONVERSION FACTORS 4,047 m' = 0.04047 ha 1.233.5 m' = 1.2335 dam* 5/9(F°-32) 0.3937 in. 0.155 in^ 1,000 m' = 0.8107 ac-ft 28.3171 X lO'm' 10,000 m* = 2.471 ac 100 m = 328.08 ft IxlO'm' 0.0758 L/s 2.54 cm 2.20462 lb = 1.1 xlO-'tons 0.62137 miles 0.3861 mi^ 0.3532 ft' = 0.21997 I. gal = 0.26420 U.S. gal 0.035 cfs = 13.193 l.gpm = 15.848 U.S. gpm 3.2808 ftm* = 10.7636 ft^ 1,000 L = 35.3144 ft' = 219.97 I. gal= 264.2 U.S. gal 35.314 cfs 0.00328 ft 1 ,000 kg = 1 .1023 ton (short) 0.0631 L/s For Air Samples ppm = 100 pphm = 1000 x (Molecular Weight of substance/24.45) mg/m' A4-2