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ANNUAL REPORT

FOR

MBCOGXLIV.

xV N N U A L HE ]> 0 R T

OF THE COUNCIL

OF THE

Y 0 R K S IT 1 11 E

PHILOSOPHICAL SOCIETY

FOR

MDCCCXLIV

PRESENTED TO THE ANNUAL MEETING

FEBRUARY 4, 1845.

YORK

ROBERT SUNTER, 23, STOXEGATE,

1845.

TRUSTEES

OF

THE YORKSHIRE MUSEUM,

APPOINTED BY THE ROYAL GRANT.

EDWARD, LORD ARCHBISHOP OF YORK.
GEORGE, EARL OF CARLISLE, K.G.
CHARLES WILLIAM, EARL FITZWILLIAM.
THOMAS PHILIP, EARL DE GREY.

HON. AND VERY REV. HENRY HOWARD, D.D.
SIR WILLIAM LAWSON, BART., F.S.A.
FRANCIS CHOLMELEY, ESQ., F.S.A.

ROBERT DENISON, ESQ.

REV. WILLIAM VERNON HARCOURT, F.R.S.
RICHARD JOHN THOMPSON, ESQ.

PATRONESSES

OP THE

HER MAJESTY THE QUEEN.

H. R. H. THE DUCHESS OF KENT.

PATRONS.

FIIS GRACE THE ARCHBISHOP OF YORK.
EARL OF CARLISLE, K.G.

EARL FITZWILLIAM, F.R.S.

EARL OF TYRCONNEL, F.R.S.

THE VISCOUNT MORPETH.

THE LORD STOURTON.

THE LORD WHARNCLIFFE.

THE LORD FEVERSHAAI.

THE LORD V/ENLOCK.

OFFICERS OF THE SOCIETY, 1845.

PRESIDENT :

Earl Fitzwilliam, F.R.S.

VICE-PRESIDENTS :

The Lord Mayor of York, F.G.S.
Charles Heneage Elsley.

Rev. Wm. Vernon Harcourt, F.R.S.
Sir J. V. B. Johnstone, Bart., M.P.
Sir J. H. Lowther, Bart., M.P.
Professor Phillips, F.R.S.

Rev. Charles Wellbeloved.

TREASURER:

Robert Davies, F.S.A.

COUNCIL:

Elected 1842 . Henry Robinson,

William Whytehead.

Electedl8^S . James Barber,

Captain Bentham,

Rev. John Kenrick.

Elected 1844 . Rev. R. B. Cooke,

George Goldie, M. D.
Thomas Henry Travis.

Elected '[SiS . Thomas Allis,

Favil James Copsie,
George Hudson,

W. L. Newman, F.R.A.S.

SECRETARY :

Thomas Meynell, Jun., F.L.S.

6

OFFICERS OF THE SOCIETY.

KEEPER OF THE MUSEUM:
Edward Charlesworth, F.G.S.

HONORARY CURATORS:

ANTiaUlTIES .

Botany .

Comparative Anatomy
Laboratory .

X j 1 B R A R Y ... ... •••

Meteorology .

... Rev. C. Wellbeloved.
... Oswald Allen Moore.
... Thomas Allis.

... T. H. Barker.

... George Goldie, M.D.
.. John Ford.

Observatory

. W. L. Newman, F.R.A.S.

SUB-CURATOR:

Henry Baines.

YORKSHIRE PHILOSOPHICAL SOCIETY.

REPORT OF THE COUNCIL

TO THE

ANNUAL MEETING OF THE SOCIETY, ON THE 4th OF FEBRUARY, 1845.

The proceedings which the Council, in presenting their
Report for the past year, are called upon to record, have in
great measure taken their shape and colour from an event in
which this Society could not but feel the liveliest interest ;
namely, the reception in York of the British Association for
the Advancement of Science.

A strong and general desire was entertained amongst us,
that a body which, since it was called into existence within
the walls of our Museum, has enrolled in its list of Members
almost every name of eminence in the United Kingdom, in
every department of science, should be received on its return
hither with a becoming welcome ; and that our distinguished
visitors, domestic and foreign, in this stage of the Associ-
ation*’s honourable and useful course, should experience no lack
of any service which it was in the power of the Society to
render.

The Council rejoice in considering themselves entitled to
add that the desire thus cordially felt, has been entirely ful¬
filled. The Second Meeting of the British Association at York
is allowed to have been not less satisfactory as regards the suc¬
cess of the arrangements made for its reception, than in rela¬
tion to the scientific interest which attended its proceedings.
This gratifying result is to be attributed, in the first place, to

8

REPORT OF THE

the liberal manner in which the call of the Council was re¬
sponded to, when application was made to the Members of the
Society, and to other gentlemen residing within the county,
for contributions to the Reception Fund; the sum raised
in consequence having amounted to nearly dCllOO.

Secondly, this result was owing to the generous co-opera¬
tion of the Authorities of the City, who, under the guidance
of those enlightened views by wdiich they are distinguished,
placed the Guildhall and its numerous apartments at the ser¬
vice of the Association ; and to a similar feeling on the part
of other public bodies, who, almost without exception, granted
the gratuitous use of the rooms under their charge.

Lastly, the success of the arrangements was due to the
indefatigable exertions of the Local Committee, a body wFich,
whilst it included members of several other scientific insti¬
tutions belono-ino; to this countv, was so constituted that the
Council were enabled with perfect confidence to intrust the
interests and credit of the Society to its hands, and to devolve
upon it the whole charge of those preparations which proved
so highly satisfactory.

One of the most important preliminary measures, in a
scientific view, which the Council adopted, was to request
several Members of the Society, and others competent for the
task, to draw up reports on the several branches of the Natural
History of Yorkshire, especially with regard to the geogra¬
phical distribution of its plants and animals, and the mineral
productions of its mining districts.

The report on the last-mentioned subject was zealously
undertaken by a Member of the Society, who had long de¬
voted his energies and talents to the promotion of its in¬
terests ; and whose untimely loss it had to deplore at a mo¬
ment when his exertions in its behalf were of the greatest value.
Mr. Hatfeild had expressly undertaken a tour through the
mining districts of the North of England, for the purpose
of collecting mineral specimens, and obtaining mineralogical
information, with a view to the report which, had he lived,

COUNCIL FOR 1844.

9

lie would have presented to the Association. The collection
of specimens, which is extensive and valuable, has been bv his
Executor liberally presented to the Museum. A catalogue of
the Birds of Yorkshire, more complete than any which natu¬
ralists possessed, was contributed by JMr, Allis, and the com¬
pilation of a list of the Yorkshire Fishes was entrusted to Mr.
Meynell. Mr. Moore and Mr. Baines supplied a catalogue of
the Plants of the county, supplemental to the excellent Flora
printed by the latter in 1810. These researches into the
Natural History of Yorkshire, it is hoped, will be further
prosecuted ; and, together with the collections of Meteorolo¬
gical Observations due to the industry of the Curator of that
department, may hereafter constitute a publication which will
go far to realize the expectations held out in the original
prospectus of the designs of the Society. Two of the mem¬
bers of the Local Committee who, though residing at a dis¬
tance from York, assisted assiduously in all the preparations
for the meeting, contributed also to the same scientific object ;
Mr. West by furnishing a chemical analysis of the Mineral
Waters, and Mr. Lucas of the Limestones of Yorkshire.

Another measure, preparatory to the Meeting of the Asso¬
ciation, but essentially serviceable to the objects of this So¬
ciety, consisted in a general revision of the arrangements of
the Museum, and of the various collections which it comprises.

When the Council came to consider the uses to vdiich it was
most material to apply the munificent legacy lately bequeathed
to the Society, they had no difficulty in determining that the
object of the greatest importance to the scientific character
of the Institution was to attach to it an officer v4io might
not only be qualified by a competent knowledge of the va¬
rious branches of Natural History to take the collections
under his charge, but might also be endowed with zeal
and ability to improve them, and render them subservient
to the promotion of science. Such an officer the Society
formerly possessed in Professor Phillips, and such an of-

B

10

PvEPORT OF THE

ficer the Council conceive that they liave ao'ain found in Mr.

t/

Edward Charlesworth. This gentleman, since he entered
upon the office of Keeper of the Museum in July last, has ful¬
filled its duties in a manner wdiich leaves nothing to be
desired. His sStatement to the Council, containing a full ac¬
count of the improvements which have since been made in
the Museum, and of its present condition, is subjoined to the
Report. (See page 11.0

At the same time that the Council expended on the ^Mu-
seum and Library such sums as they deemed necessary to sup¬
ply some of their most prominent deficiencies, they thought it
right to attend to the application of the Astronomical Curator
for an improvement of the apparatus under his care. In
furtherance of this object, Mr. Newman undertook, in the
early part of the year, to deliver a Course of Lectures on
Astronomy ; the proceeds of which after the payment of the
expenses, he liberally placed at the disposal of the Council.
And they are happy to state that he has reported very
favourably on the merits of the new Transit Instrument which

t/

has in consequence been mounted in the Observatory, executed
by an ingenious artist of this city (^Ir. Cooke), with a pecu¬
liarity in the construction of the object-glass, which is worthy
of attention.

For the employment of this instrument the Observatory
may perhaps suffice, even in its present state ; but the Council
cannot but express a hope that the building, which as yet
is unadapted to any but the simplest observations, may here¬
after be enlarged and improved, so as to become at once more
available for astronomical use, and more ornamental to the
gardens in which it stands.

o

One of the buildings within the grounds, which possesses
no little interest, as being a remnant of the Monastery of St.
IMary, has been put into a state of effective repair, and has
afforded two spacious rooms, the upper of which was prepared
for the Geological Section of the Association. The lower

COUNCIL FOR 1844.

11

apartment tlie Council Iiave appropriated to the architectural
fragments of the Ahbej, and other antiquarian specimens, for
which it is well fitted from its character and size.

The business incident to the reception of the Association
being concluded, the Council proceeded to carry into execution
a wish known to have been expressed by that great benefactor
of the Society, the late Dr. Beckwith, by erecting a distinct
dwelling house for the Sub-curator. This long-contemplated
improvement has been so successfully executed, that while the
desired accommodation has been obtained at a moderate cost,
the style of the building, harmonizing with the architecture
of the adjoining ancient palace, will, it is hoped, be considered
as adding an appropriate einbellishment to the site.

The Grounds attached to the JMuseum, even in their former
limited extent, have been acknowledged by all persons of com¬
petent taste, to possess almost unrivalled capabilities for
picturesque beauty. But when called upon by a generally
expressed wish, to add to the public enjoyment by the en¬
largement of the Gardens, the Council felt that it Vvould
require the skill of an accomplished artist to surmount the
peculiar difficulties presented by the site, so as to produce the
most pleasing effects by the harmony or contrast of its varied
architectural features, and to open out the most interesting
views of more distant objects, while excluding as much as
possible such as are unsightly or incongruous.

The Council, therefore, having first removed the principal
impediments to the enlargement of the ^Museum Gardens by an
agreement with the Commissioners of the Ouse Navigation,
alike beneficial to the Society and the public ; and having
taken into their hands all the Society's demesne, excepting
the small portion of it which is let on long leases, had recourse
to the professional aid of a gentleman of high reputation in
the art of Landscape Gardening, to assist them in the task of
laying out the grounds in such a manner as to satisfy all the
requirements of a refined taste ; and they have the gratifica-

n 2

12

REPORT OF THE

tion of finding tliat the design planned by Sir John Nasmyth,
and now far advanced towards completion under the superin¬
tendence of the Garden Committee, has met with very general
acceptance.

Amongst the happiest incidents of these improvements may
be enumerated the addition of an architectural platform which
has long been desired to give full eftect to the facade of the
l^luseum, the exposure of the moulded base of the Hospitium
with the adjoining archway, and the opening out a better view
of the beautiful remnants of mixed Norman and Pointed archi¬
tecture connected with the Abbey.

That which still remains to be wished, for the perfection of
the alterations on which so much care has been bestowed, is to
include, if possible, within the Society’s precincts those re¬
mains of monastic antiquity contiguous to the principal
entrance, which the public spirit of the Corporation has re¬
cently relieved from the mean sheds and walls by which they
were defaced -and concealed.

On the subject of these remains the Council purpose to pre¬
sent the following memorial :

“ To the Lord Mayor and Corporation of the City of Yorlt^

THE MEMORIAL OF THE XmRKSHIRE PHILOSOPHICAL SOCIETY

Sheweth,

That the Hospital of St. Leonard’s
was one of the most ancient and most richly endowed of the
Religious Houses established in York. Only one small por¬
tion of this Hospital, which formerly occupied a considerable
space, is now remaining, supposed to be a part of a covered
cloister or ambulatory, and exhibiting an interesting specimen
of the architecture of the ao-e to which it belono-s. In the

O o

changes which York is undergoing, it is not improbable that
it may share the fate of St. William’s Chapel and other
relics of past ages recently swept away, unless it shall be
placed under the protection of some public institution, in¬
terested in the preservation of the antiquities by which the

COUNCIL FOR 1844.

13

Oity of York is so eminently distinguished. That if the

Corporation of the City can make such arrangements, as tliat

tliis valuable relic may be enclosed within tlie grounds of tlie

Yorkshire Philosophical Society, and cleared of the modern

structures by which it is now almost entirely concealed, it will
€/

be safe from further injury, and add another object of picturesque
beauty and of antiquarian and historical interest to those
which now render the Gardens of the Society so attractive
to the eye of taste, so gratifying and instructive to the lover
of ancient art, and so great an ornament to the City of York.
That in executing this public improvement, and in conse¬
quence diverting the entrance into the stables now occupied
by one of its tenants, the Corporation \Amuld further enable
the Society to restore the fragment of the Roman Wall, de¬
tached by that entrance, to its connection with the portion pre¬
served in the Society’s grounds, and thus materially improve
the effect of one of the most remarkable remains of remote
antiquity existing in England.”

Should this application happily be complied with, and the
interesting relics described in the memorial be thus added
with those already in the care of the Society, this will
constitute one of the most striking improvements that has
yet been effected, and will leave the Council no cauise to re¬
gret the large expenditure employed upon the Museum
Gardens, whereby, within so limited a space, so unusual a
variety of interesting objects are displa^yed to so great ad¬
vantage.

As might have been expected, the alterations in the iSIu-
seum and grounds have entailed upon the Society a heavy ex¬
pense. The Council, however, have the satisfaction of sta¬
ting that a large portion of this outlay has been incurred in re¬
pairing and painting the Museum, which is now placed in such a
state of repair as it will require but little annual expense to
maintain. A further cost will, indeed, have to be incurred in
providing the means of warming the rooms ; the present

14

REPOPcT OF THE

apparatus liaviug been found insufficient for tlie purpose, and
not perfectly secure.

The Council have had much pleasure in observiiip’ the steadily

4 o t

increasing attraction which the ?>Iuseum and Gardens have
presented to the public. This increase has manifested itself
in a laro’ely aiminented income from the sale of tickets,
notwithstandino; the o’reat additional facilities of admission

O O

g]’anted by the Council to thousands of yisitors, vrho have
been attracted to the city throuo’h the accommodation afford-

c o

ed to them by the Railway Companies.

%j t/ 1

Extr acts from the Report of

GEOLOGY.

Reference vras made in the Report of last year to the desi¬
rableness of displaying in the Museum a duplicate series of
Yorkshire Fossils, ayranged in the order of their natural
affinities. This plan, ivliich originated with Professor Phillips,
has within the last six months been partly carried into execu¬
tion. Seyeral hundred species of fossils, principally obtained
from the coast, and from the Oolite quarries of Malton and
Pickering, are now exhibited in tlie raised central case of the
Geoloo’ical Room, which has been found admirably adapted for
the purpose. The classification adopted is the same as that
followed by Professor Phillips in his synoptical table of the
organic remains of \ orkshire. Great care has been taken in
the selection of the most perfect fossils that could be pro¬
cured, and, wheiieyer practicable, the specimens are mounted on
tablets labelled with the name under which each species is
described, its locality and stratigraphical position, and a re¬
ference to the work in which a figure or description is to be
found. It is hoped that this series may ultimately include
characteristic specimens of all tlie procurable published and
up.published inyertebral fossils of T orkshire.

COU^X’IL FOR 1844.

1.3

Considered as objects of scientific investigation, Fossil 5
^lioiild always be regarded in two points of view : first, in
relation to tlie particular rocks in 'wliicli they occur ; secondly,
in their structural relations to one another, and to the entire
range of species throughout the animal kingdom.

Undoubtedly the identification of strata through the evi¬
dence of their included fossils, should be the first considera¬
tion in a Museum contemplating the objects embraced by the
Yorkshire Philosophical Society. But as tlie critical investi¬
gation of organic remains by which these identifications are
arrived at, is a purely 'zoological process, it is not enough to
display fossils only in a stratigrapJiical arrangement. I>Iore-
over, the unequal duration of certain forms in the ancient
Fauna of the Globe, or the marked changes which certain
others present when continued through several geological pe¬
riods, and which together constitute one of the most curious
phenomena that the science of Geology has made knowm, can
only be advantageously studied when the several species of a
genus are exhibited together ; it being of course understood
that each species is accompanied by am indication of the for¬
mation in which it occurs. The dmplicate invertebrad fossils
contained in the British Museum are now beino; arranp*ed bv
the side of the most nearly allied forms in the collection of
living species. This important step was accomplished by a
representation to the Trustees in 18d0, from the Members of
the British Association. Henceforth, therefore, in our national
collection, the student in Zoology will find the past and
existing Fauna presented to his notice as one common object
of contemplation, and the unphilosophical distinction which
to a great extent has made them separate branches of scien¬
tific enquiry, will gradually be abandoned.

One source from which the Council anticipate a large aug¬
mentation to the geological collection, is in the exchange of
duplicate fossils with other museums and private collections.
The position of York on the Bed iSIarl, and the consequent bar¬
renness of the immediate neighbourhood, has hitherto rendered

16

REPORT OF TPIE

the Museum almost entirely dependant upon donations, and
the occasional purchase of such fossils as its funds would per¬
mit. But the railway now in progress to Scarborough, with its
branches to Whitby and Bridlington, besides passing through
the well known Oolite districts of Malton and Pickering, will
greatly facilitate the means of communication with the three
richest spots on the coast ; and in anticipation of the facility
likely to be thus afforded for obtainins: the fossils of the

c' O

Yorkshire Oolites and Lias, a correspondence has already
been opened with the collectors of Mountain Limestone fos¬
sils, a depa,rtment in which, taking into consideration the
number of species known to occur in the county, the Museum
has been greatly deficient.

Although the whole district of Yorkshire, from its numerous
fossiliferous rocks and vmued physical phenomena, every where
offers materials for further research, yet there are two subjects
connected with its geology, upon which more information is
particularly wamted. These are the relations of the Tertiary
strata superimposed upon the Chalk at Bridlington, to similar
deposits, but more largely developed, in Norfolk and Suffolk,
and a better acquaintance with the fossils of that extremely
interesting bed on the coast, known as the Speeton Clay.

Great accessions have been made to the Geological depart¬
ment of the Museum during the past year. Several opportu¬
nities have occurred, enabling the Council to enrich the col¬
lection of Yorkshire fossils, in both the vertebrate and inverte¬
brate series, at a moderate cost ; whilst the additions received
through donations have been unusually numerous and valu¬
able.

On the list of contributions which call for particular notice,
is the episternal bone of the gigantic species of land-tortoise
found by Captain Cautley and Dr. Falconer in the Tertiary
Siwallic Hills of Northern India, and which, from its enor¬
mous dimensions, has been described by its discoverers under
the name of Colossochelys Atlas. It is to Dr. Falconer that
the Society is indebted for this acquisition, not less valuable

COUNCIL FOR 1844.

17

for its extreme rarity, than for the instructive evidence it affords
to the most casual observer, of the almost incredible size at¬
tained, during a comparatively recent epoch in the geological
history of the Globe, by some species in the Chelonian group.
The most prominent place that could be fixed upon in the
Geological room has been selected for the exhibition of this
valuable donation.

Along with a collection of Silurian fossils from the neigh¬
bourhood of Cincinnati, our zealous corresponding member
Mr. Joseph Clarke has presented a fine tooth of the Mastodon
giganteus, a donation particularly acceptable, as the Museum,
although so rich in the remains of the fossil elephant, had pre¬
viously nothing to illlustrate the remarkable dentition of this
nearly allied but extinct genus of proboscidean Pachydermata.
Another tooth but from the celebrated locality in Kentucky
termed Big-bone Lick, and to the very small size of which,
!Mr. Clarke in his letters directs particular attention, will
probably be found to be the third milk-tooth of the same
species. Passing from foreign accessions to those w'e have
received in Home Geology, a large series of Silurian fossils,
collected by herself in the neighbourhood of Great Malvern,
has been presented by Miss Phillips. The collection of fossil
fishes has been enriched by some beautiful specimens of the
genera Platysomus and Palseoniscus from the magnesian lime¬
stone near Ferryhill, presented by George Hudson, Esq. The
Lord Mayor has presented a very choice collection of fossils
from the Cornbrash and inferior Oolite in the neighbourhood
of Scarborough; and a few valuable specimens from the Coral¬
line Oolite have been given by Mr. Pickering and Mr. Barton,
of Malton.

From Lord Prudhoe the Museum has received a very in¬
structive series of specimens of Stigmaria ficoides, from the
sandstone of the Coal Measures near Darlington ; and a por¬
tion of a laro;e fossil stem found in the coal at Wio’an has
been kindly forwarded to the Museum by S. Hailstone, Esq.

18

REPORT OF THE

The extensive series ofTertiarv Fossils, which has long; formed
one of the most instructive features in the general collection,
has been increased by the donation of some choice fossils of
the Coralline Crag from Mr. Start, of ISlettingham.

Amongst the fossils obtained by purchase, and deserving of
particular notice, is a large ammonite from the Calcareous Grrit
of the Yorkshire Coast, in which a fortunate blow near the
base of the outer chamber has beautifully displayed an included
Aptychus or Trigonellite, a fossil body, the natural relations
of which haye proved a most fruitful subject of speculation
among naturalists. It is believed that no similar example is
to be found in any other collection of Yorkshire fossils. A
small specimen of the Crocodile (Teleosaurus) from the Lias
of Whitby, in which the under surface of the lower jaw is
beautifully shown, and some fine examples of fishes from the
same formation, including the genera Pachycormis, Ptycho-
lepis, and Lepidotus, haye likewise been added to the collection.
A purchase has also been made of a few yery choice fossils
from the neighbourhood of Lyme-Kegis, and yarious mamma-
lian remains and miscellaneous fossils from Bacton in Xorfolk.

ZOOLOGY.

During the first six months of the year, an experienced
bird-stufter was employed upon the premises in setting up
a selection from the numerous skins of foreign birds which
had long been accumulating in the Society’s stores ; so that
more than 300 additional specimens are now exhibited in the
room appropriated to the ornithological collection. A recent
donation of 80 skins of birds from Yan Dieman’s Land, presen¬
ted by Sir John Franklin, and another from Mr. G-ould of 100

V

Australian Species, have rendered it desirable to re-engage the
services of the same person. The Council having determined
upon adding to the Library a copy of the splendid work
on the Birds of Australia, now in course of publication by Mr.
Gould, this gentleman has undertaken to furnish free of cost to
the Society, a complete scientific catalogue of the entire ornitho-

COUNCIL FOR 1844.

19

logical collection in the Museum. Attractive as the foreign birds
are, regarded only as objects of popular interest, it is hardly
necessary to remark how greatly tlie value of the collection
will be increased, when every specimen shall have been criti¬
cally examined, and its species determined, by so competent an
authority as Mr. Gould. In connection with this branch of
Natural History, Mr. Meynellhas presented the Museum with
his entire collection of Eggs of British Birds, amounting to
more than 400 specimens, and embracing upwards of 200 spe¬
cies. Lieut. Bhodes has presented the Museum with a collec¬
tion of West Indian Fishes, valuable for the unusual perfection
in which their characters have been preserved, as well as for
their intrinsic interest ; the collection containing many of the
more remarkable tropical genera, as Platax, Balistes, Mono¬
can thus, &c.

The sum of P.SO has been laid out in the purchase of
Shells, to improve the general conchological collection, which
now contains examples of nearly all the well-marked generic
forms, and is sufficiently complete to be consulted with ad"
vantage. Mr. Joseph Clarke has likewise presented the
Museum with a fine series of North- American Uniones.

The British marine shells have been remounted on tablets
and arranged in the raised case above that containing the
foreign collection. Although this series includes most of the
larger British species, yet, as a whole, it is but a very imper¬
fect illustration of our native Testaceous Fauna, embracing
not more than 250 out of above 600 species known to inhabit
the British Seas. It is probable, however, that many present
desiderata will be obtained, when railway communication shall
have rendered the Coast more easily accessible.

20

REPORT OF THE

Extract from the Report of the Curator of Comparathe

Anatomy.

During tlie past year valuable additions have been made
to our osteological collections. The bones of the Polar Bear
have been presented to the Society by Mr. Hammond, of
Hull, and the bones of several mammalia by the Curator of
this department. Most of these have been mounted, and are
exhibited in the cases of the Museum, as well as the skeletons
of the Tapir and Nyl-Grhau, which were previously in the So¬
ciety "“s possession. These additions have, it is believed, placed
the collection of the skeletons of the Mammalia at the head
of all the provincial collections in this country ; a position
which the Society already occupied with respect to its col¬
lection of the skeletons of Birds. This extensive collection
is now placed in what was lately the Mineralogical Boom,
where it is well displayed and of easy access.

Extract from the Report of the Curator of Antiquities.

The donations to the Collection of Antiquities have this year
been unusually few. The Society is however much indebted
to the Dean and Chapter of the Cathedral for having allowed
the Mithraic Tablet in their possession to be deposited amongst
the Antiquities of the Museum. This is one of the most in¬
teresting remains of Eboracum. Of the very few monuments
relating to the worship of Mithras by the Bomans which
have been found in Britain, it is the most perfect ; and
though rude in workmanship, in its characteristic emblems it
is allied to some of the most curious and remarkable of similar
monuments known to exist in Europe.

Extract from the Report of the Curator of Meteorology.

The temperature of the year 18-M was .3 of a degree below
the average of the preceding 13 years, and .2 above that of
the year 1843. The mean height of the mercury was above
the average. The rain of 1844 has been less than that of any

COUNCIL FOR 1844.

21

year since 18.35, amounting only to 19' 65 inches, and being
inches below the mean. In the four summer months
thunder and lightning were of frequent occurrence, but these
storms were not distinguished by violence or duration. The
times of the moon’’s apogee and perigee have again been care¬
fully observed. They have not borne the critical character
which was noticed last year. Two storms of extreme violence,
and more destructive at sea than any others during the year,
coincided with the moon\s apogee. The first of these occurred
on the 24th of February. About that period the mercury
rose and fell to an extent and with a rapidity unprecedented
during the year. On the morning of the 24th it stood at
29*05 ; in the evening it had risen .6, and again fell rapidly
to 28*75, the lowest point in the year. The second storm,
nearly coincident with the apogee, commenced on the 13th of
June; on the 14th it blew a hurricane from the N. W.

Hourly observations have again been made at the Vernal
and Autumnal Equinoxes, and at the Summer Solstice. They
were not carried on at the Winter Solstice. The folio wino*

O

are some of the results *. —

Vernal Equinox, Mean of 23 Obs, 39° between ... 9 and 10 a. m. and 6 p.m.

Autumnal Equinox . 53° . 7 and 8 a. m. and 6 p.m.

Summer Solstice . 61° . at 8 a. m. and 8 p.m.

Period of Maximum and Minimum Mercurial Column :

Vernal Eq. Max. 10 A. m., then steadily descending till the end of Observations.
Autumnal ditto, Max. Noon : Minimum, 7 p. m.

Summer Solstice, Max. 8 a. m., steadily descending throughout.

Result of Observations made throuMiout the vear on the

O %j

Oscillations of the Mercurial Column.

Mean height at nine, a. m . 29‘9677

three, P.M . 29‘9566

Mean daily depression at three, p. m . *0121

Mean height for the whole year, the result of

2000 observations . 29‘9599.

22

REPORT OF THE COUXCTL FOR 1844.

Communications of the amount of Rain in different localities
in Yorkshire, have been received as follows : —

York

Inches.

19-65

Acky>^orth ... 18-8-2

Middleton ... 19-05

Kirby Moorside 23-86

Settle .

Huggate
Doncaster
Marr, Doncaster

27-44

17T5 (reported as a deficiencyof nearly 10 inches.)
18-18
18 75

METEOROLOGICAL REGISTER— YORK, 1844.

Barometer. Rain. Thermometer.

To

O

to .

•4^

m

o

•

m

o

T

X

cS

kH

O

fcO

e Min.

o

H

CO

o

CC

o

0 0

n more.

ess.

hh

S-d

&

HH

CD

Td

CC >

> .s

o

§

cc

o

To

o

• ^

Ph

Avera

o

>

<1

^ «

ci

o

5

o •
hp

~ 0
fee "53

m 0

Q

0

Jan.

30-01

30-51

-29-15

1-34

i

43-li

3-2-9

38

5-2

-21

I'i i

1

16 ,

Westerly

Feb.

1

29-62

30-18

28-75

2-37

j

39-8

1

27-7

33-8'

47

15'

i

04 1

13

W esterly

Mar.

29-85

30-58

29-15

-2-03

j

46-9

1

33-9

40-4

60

1

27 i

12

1

17 i

1

Southerly

April

1

30-18

30-55

29-68

0-56

60-4 39 1

i

49-7

66

31

i

3

6

Westerly

IMay

30-24

30-6-2

-29-92

0-39,

1

62-4

41-1

51-8

72

33

0

9

Northerly 1

j June

29-97

30-26

29-68'

-2-21

67-2

48-5

57-8

81

42

0

1

13

S Westerly |

i

July

29-93

30-28

-29-32

-2-86

69

48-6

58-8

81

41

0

1

16

Westerly i

' i

Aug.

29-82

30-42

29-33

2-03

66-3

48-0

57-0

74

40

; 0

16

From NWtoSW

Sept.

30-11

30-45

29-70

1-88

64.4

46-3

55-3

79

l35

0

10

N Easterly

Oct.

29-71

30-40

28-95

1-22

55-6

39-7

47-6

66

|31

! 0

15

Variable.N,S,W

Nov.

29-86

30-43

29-00

-2-37

48-6

39-3

j

j43-9

oi

|28

\

2

16

Southerly

Dee.

3016

,80-59

29-49

0-39

38-7

i30-7

i34-7

44

'22

! 23

6

^S East

Mean 1
heiglit

.29-95

Total 119.65
Ram j

Mean An. 147.4
Temp. /

COMPARATIVE

PREVALENCE

N

SEW

NE NW

53

42 16 72

32 34

80 153
OF WINDS.

SE SW
50 67 =

THE

TREASURER OF THE YORKSHIRE PHILOSOPHICAL SOCIETY,

IN ACCOUNT FOR THE YExYR 1844.

Dr.

1844.

£. a. d.

Annual Subscriptions and Arrears 426 0 0
Admi: sion of New Members .... 55 0 0

Compositions in lieu of Annual

Subscriptions . 40 0 0

Ladies’ Subscriptions and Keys

of the Gardens . 59 7 0

Tickets at Is. each . 124 18 9

Rents . 69 15 6

Use of the Tent . 10 0 0

Mr. Newman’s Lectures . 19 18 6

Gas for Evening Meetings . 1 10 0

Dr. Beckwith’s Legacy (less duty) 9000 0 0
Permanent Debt, viz. :

Mortgage on the
Manor Shore . . 2500 0 0
Wm. Gray, Esq. . . 1000 0 0
Six Members at

£50 eacli . 300 0 0

3800 0 0

13,606 9 9

Balance overdrawn
Messrs. Swann and

Co., Dee. 31st, 1844 1221 14 1

Audited, Feb. Srd, 1845,

JAS. BARBER,
T. II. TRAYIS.

Cr.

1844.

£. s. d. £. s. d.

Permanent Debt, viz. :

Yorkshire Insu¬
rance Company 2.500 0 0
■\V. Gray, Esq. . . 1000 0 0
Six Members at
£50 each .... 300 0 0

3800 0 0

Balance overdrawn
Messrs. Swann and

Co. Dec. 31st, 1843 1064 16 2

Crown Rent .

1

0

1

Corporation Rents. .

6

8

8

Insurance .

5

0

0

Gate Keepers .

14

5

0

Keeper of Museum

74 10

0

Collector .

10

0

0

Interest .

162

9

4

Sub-Curator, on Ac¬
count of Salary,

Labour, &c . 5.59 0 0

832 13 1

Sundry Bills :

New Cases . 305 10 llY

Repairs of the IIos-

picium . 172 9 9

Instruments for the

Observatory . 103 18 6

Executors of Dr.

Beckwith . 60 0 0

IMr. Cludera}", Joiner 57 16 33
,, Noton, Glazier... 28 6 10
,, Brown, Painter.. 85 17 0
,, Bowes, Bricklayer 23 6 4

,, Buckley, Mason 59 6 7
,, Turner, Plasterer 85 10 7
,, Walker, Iron¬
monger . 22 12 7

Purchase of Books... 39 14 0
Purchase of Speci¬
mens . 125 14 0

Sundry Small Bills .. 205 10 9

Proper tj' Tax . 5 1 5

Garden Alterations 125 10 0

1504 5 7

Yorkshire Insurance Companj' 2500 0 0
Purchase of £‘5000 New .85 per
Cent. Annuities, and expenses 5126 9 0

£14,828 3 10

£14,828 3 10

ANALYSIS OF DISBURSEMENTS

DURING THE YEAR 1844.

ORDINARY EXPENSES.

Rents, Rates, See. :

£.

s.

d. £.

s.

d.

Rent to the Crown

... 1

0

1

Rent to the Corporation ...

... 6

8

8

Poor Rates, Highway Rates, Land & Property Tax 10

1

7

Insurance and Water Rent

... 11

0

0

— 28

10

4

Salaries and Wages :

Keeper of the Museum

... 74

10

0

Suh-Curator (including petty Expenses)

... 100

0

0

Servant

... 20

0

0

Lodge-keeper and Gate-keeper

... 14

5

0

Labourer

... 36

8

0

Collector

... 10

0

0

Occasional Labourers

... 106

15

6

361

18

6

Interest on Debt :

Interest on Mortgage Debt

... 97

1

8

Interest on £1000

... 38

16

8

Interest to Bankers for being overdrawn

... 26

11

0

162

9

4

Museum, Gardens, Grounds, &c. :

Painting and General Repairs

... 262

16

9i

Purchase and Preparation of Specimens

... 219

7

8

Observatory

... 21

17

1

504

1

H

Library :

Books and Binding

• • 1

60

4

6

Incidentals :

Printing, Advertismg, and Stationery

... 14

1

5

Coals, Gas-light, and Coke

... 30

12

101

Postages, Carriage, and Sundries

... 39

14

2

84

8

H

extraordinary

EXPENSES.

Subscription to Dr. Beckwith’s jMonument ...

• • •

60

0

0

0\V CrSGS ••• ••• •••

• • •

305

10

Hi

Repairs of the Hospitium

...

172

9

9

Insti’uments for the Observatory

...

103

18

6

Alterations in the Gardens, Removal of Greenhouse, &c.

470

6

4

£1112

5

61

SUBSCRIBING MEMBERS

ELECTED SINCE THE LAST ANNUAL REPORT.

1 84f4.

James Chadwick, York.

Randall ITatfeild, Thorp-Arch.

Henry J. Lesley, Sinnington., Plckeriwj,

Joseph Rider, Thirsk.

William Scawin, York.

Thomas Wright, York.

JANUARY AND FEBRUARY, 1845.

Benjamin Burnell, York.

Henry Nelson Champney, York.

Henry Cobb, Heworth Place^ York.

George Fowler Jones, York.

Robert Hudson, York.

John Meek, York.

Thomas Norclilfe, Langton Hall., Malton.

George Palmes, Nahurn Hall., York.

William Short, York.

Nathan Turner, York.

John Westland, York.

Henry Redhead Yorke, M. P. Eaton Square, London.

HONORARY MEMBERS

ELECTED AT THE ANNUAL MEETING, 1845.

William Lucas, The Mills, Sheffield.

Very Rev. George Peacock, Dean of Ely, F.R.S., F.G.S., President
of the British Association.

The Earl of Rosse, F.R.S., M.R.I.A., Birr Castle, Ireland.

Lieut. Colonel Edward Sabine, R. A., F.R.S., Woohcich.

FOREIGN HONORARY MEMBERS.

Justus Liebig, M. D., Professor of Chemistrg in the University of
Giessen.

Carlo Matteucci, Professor of Natural Philosophy in the University
of Pisa.

c

RESOLUTIONS

PASSED AT THE ANNUAL MEETING, FEBRUARY 4, 1845.

1. Tliat tlie Report of the Council be adoptedy and printed for
the use of the Members.

2. That the Thanks of the Society be given to the Vice-Presidents
and Members of the Council retiring from ofl&ce.

3. That the Thanks of the Society be given to the Treasurer and
Secretary for their valuable services^

4. That the Thanks of the Society be given to the Curators, for
their diligent and useful services in the several departments of the
Museum.

5. That the Council be empowered, on certain days to be selected
by them, during the present year, to permit free admission to the
Museum and Gardens to all persons ; the mode of admission to be
regulated by the Council.

0. That the Council be empowered to admit Strangers by the
purchase of Tickets during the present year.

7. That the Council be authorized to admit to the Museum and
Gardens, as Temporary Subscribers, any occasional visitors to York,
not residing in the County, at the rate of One Pound for four months
for themselves and their families ; but that in no case shall such
privilege be granted for a longer period than twelve months.

8. That the Resolution of the last Annual Meeting, empowering
the Council to authorize the holding one or more Horticultmnl
Meetings in the Society’s Gardens, be continued in force during the
present year.

DONATIONS

' TO

THE SOCIETY’S MUSEUM,

GEOLOGY.

It. C. Atkinson_, Esq . Piece of SkiddawSlate/containiiig a curious

organic impression.

Edward Barton^ Esq . A remarkably beautifLil example of Psam-

mobia Iffivigata^ and Pecten in^equicoS”
tatuSj from the Malton Oolite.

Bev. J. Blackburn . . Fossils and specimens of rocks^ from the

Holy Land.

-Joseph Clarke^, Esq. (Crn- Two teeth of Mastodon giganteus_, and a
cinnati ) collection of Silurian fossils,, from the

neighbourhood of Cincinnati.

Dr. Edward Clark . . Voluta Lambert!;, from the Suffolk coast.

F. J. Copsie, Esq . . . Astacus scabrosus from Malton,, Septaria

from Norfolk^ and various other fossils.

Mr. Isaiah Deck . — . Fossils from the Coralline Crag of Suffolk,,

and casts of unique or rare fossils.

Dr. Falconer . . Episternum of the Gigantic fossil Tortoise

(Colossochelys Atlas) from the Siwallic
Hills in Northern India.

W m. Gray,, jun. Esq. ...... A valuable series of fossils from the Corn-

brash and inferior Oolite of the York¬
shire coast.

George liudson, Esq. ...... Specimens of fossil Fishes of the genera

Palaeoniscus and Platysomus, from the
Magnesian Limestone near Ferrybridge.

Samuel Hailstone,, Esq. ... A large fossil stem from the Coal at Wigan.

Thos. Meynell,, jun. Esq. Pachyodon lanceolatus^ and various other

fossils from the coast.

Rev. F. O. Morris . Specimens of ores^ and miscellanecus

fossils.

28

GEOLOGY.

Late Rev. C. Payton _ _

Miss Phillips .

Henry Pickering, Esq. ...
Lord Prudhoe .

B. S. Sawden, Esq .

Joseph Spence, Esq .

’^Piliiam Start, Esq .

Mrs. Thackeray . .

Chas. Thiselton, jun. Esq.

Several interesting fossils from the Dudley
Limestone.

A large series of Silurian Fossils from the
neighbourhood of Great Malvern.

Several choice fossils from the Oolite of
Malton.

A very interesting series of specimens of
Stigmaria ficoides, from the Coal-mea¬
sure Sandstone, between Richmond and
Barnard Castle.

Sponges and other fossils from the Chalk
at Bridlington.

Two specimens of Stigmaria ficoides.

Some choice fossils from the Coralline
Crag.

Fossil tree in sandstone, found near Har¬
rogate.

A new fossil Astarte from the Bridlington
Tertiary deposit.

MINERALOGY.

Executor of the lateM'm.'k An extensive and valuable series of Mi-
Hatfeild, Esq. /- nerals, collected by Mr. Hatfeild, in

J Yorkshire, Cumberland and Durham.

ZOOLOGY.

VERTEBRATA.

His Grace the Arcnbishop 1 variety of the common partridge,

of Y ork )

Thomas Allis, Esq . 29 Skeletons of Foreign Mammalia.

S. Barber, Esq . Specimen of the water rail.

Henry Anderson, Esq. ... Ditto.

Mr. H. Baines . Yellow-Hammer with deformed beak, and

Tree Sparrow.

Rev. Thos. Egerton. . Skeleton of the common fox ; and young

alligator, stuffed.

ZOOLOGY.

29

Sir John Franklin .

John Gould, Esq..... .

Lieut. Col. Hildyard .

Mr. Hammond, Hull .

Richard Ingram, Esq.

T. Meynell, jun. Esq .

'SV. Rudston Read, Esq. ...

Lieut. Rhodes, f QQtli Light
Infanti'y J

T. Rudd, Esq.

Messrs. J. H. & W. Tuke

John Wilson, Esq.

80 Bird skins, from Van Dieman’s Land.

loo ditto, from Australia.

Curious variety of the common grouse.

Skeleton of the polar bear.

9 Bird skins, from Van Dieman’s Land.

H is collection of Eggs of British Birds, in¬
cluding 210 species, and 4G0 specimens.

11 Bird skins, from the Eastern Islands
of Australia ; a large shrike, and pied
variety of the common reed-bunting.

A collection of Fishes from the West In¬
dies, in a very unusual state of preser¬
vation, including the genera ostracion,
platax, monocanthus, balistes, and many
others, with several interesting Crustacea.

Specimen of the Argentine, (Scopelus
Humboldtii) and of the Tadpole-fish
(Raniceps trifurcatus) one of the rarest
British species.

Lesser black-backed gull (larus fuscus)
in winter plumage ; black-headed gull
(larus ridibundus) ditto; and stormy
petrel (thalassidroma pelagica.)

Flying- fish.

MOLLUSCA AND ZOOPHYTA.

Rev. J. Blackburn . Specimens shewing the shell of the paper

nautilus, (argonauta argo) in various
stages of growth.

Joseph Clarke, Esq . A collection of unioiies, from the United

States.

Mr. Chas. Peach . Cornish Zoophytes, to fill up desiderata

in the collection of British species.

Mr. H. Stutchbury . 3 Specimens of melo indica.

William Reed, Esq . Specimen of Spondylus regius.

so

BOTANY.

Josepli Clarke, Esq . Dried Plants from Cincinnati.

Mrs. Davies Gilbert . Plant of wheat from her own garden,

bearing 145 stems.

Earl Fitzwilliam . 36 Specimens of different kinds of woods.

Miss Wickham . . Specimens of Swiss Plants.

FOR THE GARDEN.

James Yates, Esq . Collection of Abyssinian Seeds.

Lieut. Wake . Collection of East Indian Seeds.

ANTIQUITIES.

Deposited in the Museum -v Mithraic Tablet, found in Micklegate,
by the Dean and Chap- > York, 1747. (See Wellbeloved’s Ebu-
ter of York ^ racum, plate ix, and pages 79 — 85.)

Her Grace the Dowager 1 ^

Duchess of Leeds J

MissNorcliffe . Ancient Marbles from Rome, and Anti¬

quities from Herculaneum.

H. Robinson, Esq . Roman Pottery, and Red Samian Ware,

dug up at Burton Stone, Clifton.

John Wilson, Esq . An ancient Spur.

COINS AND MEDALS.

Rev. A. Cumby . Denarius of Hadrian, found near Cat-

terick.

F. J. Copsie, Esq . 16 Stycas, found in St. Leonard’s Place.

Hon. Wm. Stourton . A Jewish Medal, and 4 Brass Coins.

31

MISCELLANEOUS.

John Camidge^ jun.^ Esq.

Wm. Earl, Esq .

Executors of Dr. Beckwith
Rev. Wm. Taylor .

Messrs. J. H. & W. Tuke
C the compilers J

Thomas Wilkinson, Esq.

Model of a Cromlech.

An Indian Hammock,

A Florentine Mosaic.

An instrument invented by the late Sir J,
Robison, to increase the brilliancy and
perfect combustion of Coal gas.

Systematic Catalogue of British land and
freshwater shells, for labelling collec¬
tions.

Pair of richly ornamented foreign slippers.

DONATIONS TO THE LIBRARY.

J. Allies, Esq. {the Author^

British Association for the
Advancement of Science
Birmingham Phil. Society
Executors of Dr. Beckwith

Cambridge Phil. Society...
E. Charles worth. Esq. ...

Two Papers published in the Archaeologia,
on some Antiquities discovered near
Scarborough.

. Report for 1843.

Report for 1843.

Annals of Philosophy, 10 vols.

Jameson’s System of Mineralogy, 3 vols.

Kirwan’s Mineralogy, 2 vols.

Accum’s Mineralogy, 2 vols.

Jameson’s Geognosy.

Jeffries on Diamonds and Pearls, &c. &c.

Transactions, Vol. viii. Part 1.

Yarrell on the growth of Salmon in fresh
water (with coloured illustrations.)

Magazine of Zoology and Botany, con¬
ducted by Sir Wm. Jardine and others,
2 vols.

Magazine of Natural History, conducted
by J. C. Loudon, 9 vols.

Magazine of Natural History, (New
Series) conducted by E. Charlesworth,
4 vols.

32

DONATIONS TO THE LIBRARY.

Dr. Cullen f the Author ) ..
Dr. Daubeny ( the Author)

Geological Society_, London
Richard Griffith^ Esq. {the
Author)

Dr. R. King f the Author J

Dr. Laycock .

Leeds Phil, and Lit. Society
Dr. Morris C the Author)

Prof. Phillips {the Author)
Royal Society,, Edinburgh

Society of Arts .

J. Yates,, Esq. {the Author)

Zoological Society, London

Tables of the Climate of Sidmouth.

A Lecture on Institutions for the better
education of the farming classes.
Supplement to the Introduction to the
Atomic Theory.

Sketch of the writings and character of
Decandolle.

Proceedings, Part xcviii.

Synopsis of the Carboniferous Fossils of
Ireland, (with numerous plates.)

Address to the Ethnological Society of
London.

Report of the Health of Towns Commis¬
sion, 2 vols.

Report for 1843.

On the Construction of Hospitals for the

«

Insane.

Memoir of William Smith, L.L.D.
Transactions, Vol. xv. part iv.
Transactions, Vol. liv.

Textrinum Antiquorura, an Account of the
Art of Weaving among the Ancients.
Proceedings for 1843.

WORKS PURCHASED FOR THE LIBRARY.

Agassiz, Poissons Fossiles, completion of the 'Work ; and Supplement,
(in continuation.)

Gould’s Birds of Australia, 17 numbers, (in continuation.)

Gray’s Genera of Birds, with Illustrations by Mitchell, (in conti¬
nuation.)

Sowerby's (G. B.) Thesaurus Conchyliorum, (in continuation.)

Sowerby’s (J. E.) Mineral Conchology of Great Britain, (in conti¬
nuation.)

Thorpe and Handley’s Manual of British Marine Shells.

R. Sunter, 23, Stone gate ^ York.

13 MAR 1888

«»

J

MONTHLY MEETINGS IN 1845-~1846.

March .

..... 4

1845.

October .

. . 7

April .

. I

November .

... 4

May .

. 6

December .

... 2

June . .

..... 3

1846.

January .

... 6

Annual Meeting, February 5, 1846.

RULES OF ADIMISSION

TO THE MUSEUM AND GARDENS.

I. Members of the Society, and (Contributors of £15. and upwards to the
Building Fund,) have the privilege of personal admission, and of personally
INTRODUCING Visitors to the Museum and Gardens, at all times when they are
open.

II. Members (and Contributors of £50.) have the further privilege of giving
to Visitors Written Orders of admission, which must be signed with.thename
of the Member or Contributor, and bear the name of each Person to be ad¬
mitted. Such written orders are received at the Lodge every day (Sunday ex¬
cepted) between the hours of Ten a. m. and Four p. m. and must be left with
the Lodge-Keeper. N. B. He is forbidden to accept money from Visitors.

III. Ladies who are admitted by the Council as Annual Subscribers of £1.
(or who have contributed £10. or upwards to the Building Fund,) have the
privilege of personal admission, and of personally introducing ladies as occa¬
sional Visitors.

IV. Strangers may obtain (at Mr. Chapman’s Coney-Street, at Mrs.
Wilson’s Lendal, near the Museum Gate, at Mr. Burdekin’s High-Ousegate,
and at Mr. Linney’s, Low-Ousegate,) Admission Tickets, price One Sliiliing
for each person ; which will entitle them to admittance at all times when the
Museum and Gardens are respectively open (Sundays excepted). The Tickets
must be left at the Lodge.

V. The adult inmates of the Family of a Member (or a Contributor of £50.)
have the privilege of personal admission whenever the Museum and Gardens
are open.

VI. Members and others entitled to personal admission, may obtain a key of
the Private Entrance to the Garden, on application to Mr. Baines at the
Museum, and payment of Five Shillings for the Current year ; such payment
to be due annually in advance on the 1st of January, while the key is retained.

VII. Children are not to be left in the Garden, except under the care of
their Parents, or other responsible person.

VIII. The Gardens are open daily till dusk. On Sundays there is no ad¬
mission between the hours of Ten and Twelve. The Museum is open daily
(except Sunday) from Ten a. m. till Four p. m.

IX. The Sub-Curator, Mr. Baines, is fully empowered by the Council to see
these regulations enforced, and to prevent injury to the Museum, Gardens,
Abbey Walls, and antiquarian monuments.

1

3

MWl

:t

^■t

ri

'f P •