lYilHinVo mnm tiil mmmmp mrnmmm mimmrnf i Umi all lit wMm in mnm mmmm m MM nm ■ ■ '■rjm mmmmm mmhmnm r vK . H ilH/ 1 hi hi tv V ; tU \iy ~ mmm ■ ■ •i'1 •• ' 0 ?? 25.* Y 1889 UotfesJjite ©InlosopJjtcal ^ocietj). ANNUAL REPORT FOR MDCCCLXXXVIII. ANNUAL REPORT OF THE COUNCIL OF THE YORKSHIRE PHILOSOPHICAL SOCIETY MDCCCLXXXVIII. TO THE ANNUAL MEETING-, FEBRUARY 5th, 1389. YOKE: W. SOTIIEEAN & CO., PRINTERS, TETERGATE. 1 88 9. TRUSTEES OF THE YORKSHIRE MUSEUM, APPOINTED BY ROYAL GRANT. TEMPEST ANDERSON, M.D. EDWIN GRAY. WILLIAM LAY/TON. F. L. MAWDESLEY. T. S. NOBLE. S. W. NORTH. REV. CANON PAINE, D.C.L. WILLIAM WALKER, PATRONESSES 01" THE Horftgljire ^ijilogopijical Society. HER MAJESTY THE QUEEN. H. 11. II. THE PRINCESS OF WALES. P A T R 0 N S . H. R, H. THE PRINCE OF WALES, K.G. H.R.H. THE DUKE OF CONNAUGHT, K.G. HIS GRACE THE ARCHBISHOP OF YORK, F.R.S. OFFICERS OF THE SOCIETY, 1889. PRESIDENT : His Grace the Archbishop of York, F.R.S. VICE-PRESIDENTS : The Right Hon. Lord Londesboroegh. The Hon. Payan Dawnay. The Very Rey. the Dean of York. The Rey. Canon Raine, M.A., D.C.L. William Reed, F.G.S. John Francis Walker, M.A., F.L.S., F.G.S. , F.C.S. (London and Berlin), F.I C., F.Z.S. William Walker, F.G.S. S. W. North, F.G.S. William Matterson, M.D., F.R.C.P., Lond. Tempest Anderson, M.D., B.Sc., &c., Fellow of University College, London. HON. TREASURER : Edwin Gray*, LL.H, COUNCIL: Elected 1887. .James Backhouse, June. Anthony Buckle, B.A. George Cussons. G. S. Gibb, LL.B. Elected 1888. .Bowden Cattley. W. W. Hargroyte. Sir Joseph Terry. Richard Thompson. Elected 1889. .The Rey. John Hey. Dr. Baker. Richard Pearson. Frederick Shann. HON. SECRETARY: T. S-. Noble, F.G.S. 6 OFFICERS OF THE SOCIETY. CURATORS : Geology . Mineralogy . Insects and Crustacea . . Comparative Anatomy . . British Ornithology . . Antiquarian Department. . Botany . CoNCHOLOGY . . Observatory . Meteorology . Laboratory and Library . W. Reed, F.G.S. W. H. Hudleston, M.A., E. R S. Rev. W. C. Hey, M.A. T. Anderson, M.D. J. Backhouse, Jun. /Rev. W. Greenwell, D.C.L. F. R.S. \Rev. Canon Raine, D.C.L. William Matterson, M.D. Rev. W. C. Hey, M.A. T. S. Noble, F.G.S. J. E. Clark, B.A , B.Sc. Rev. H. L. Clarke, M.A., F.R.G.S. KEEPER OF THE MUSEUM: Henry Maurice Platnauer, A.R.S.M., B.Sc. REPORT OF THE COUNCIL OF THE YORKSHIRE PHILOSOPHICAL SOCIETY, February 5th, 1889. The year 1888 has been one of change in the administration of the Yorkshire Philosophical Society, but the Council congratulate the members that the various alterations in the rules which have been effected during the past year have resulted in a Balance Sheet not unfavourable to the Society. The principal alteration, as the members will be aware, was the remission of the entrance fee, £3. This concession has resulted in a large number of new members being added, to the Society, to which further reference will be made in the progress of the Report, whilst the Society has gained an increased income in the amount of receipts for subscriptions, admission fees, and keys of gate, as compared with the amount received the previous year. The amount so received for 1888 is £863 7s. Od., being an increase of about £100 over the receipts of the previous year. There has been, however, a considerable decrease in the receipts of the gate-money — a sum of £217 7s. 5d. has been received during the present year, as against £243 8s. 3d. received during the year 1887, making a deficit of £28 in respect of this item alone. The total Income of the Society for the year is £1208 Is., but the expenditure has been exceptionally heavy, and caused by circumstances over which the Council had no control. The ruins of St. Mary’s Abbey— especially that portion constituting the Archway of the Tower— had become dilapidated and dangerous, and the cost of these repairs has amounted to upwards of £45. The result of the Balance Sheet is that a sum of £31 17s. 5d. remains in the Treasurer’s hands to the credit of the Society. The Balance Sheet will be produced to the meeting and further remarks made thereon bv the Treasurer. 8 REPORT OE THE Geology.— The chief work of the past year in this department has been the re-labelling and re-mounting of the General Collection of Palseozoic Fossils exhibited in the new gallery. Some recent additions have also necessitated a slight amount of re-arrangement in the Liassic and Infra-Oolite Fossils. Important donations have been received from J. Backhouse, Esq., J. F. Walker, Esq., J. Hatfeild, Esq., Dr. Dunkill, Edward Allen, Esq., and the Honorary Curator. The donations of the first named gentleman have made our collection of Forest Bed remains an excellent and representative one. The Honorary Curator notes with much pleasure the increas¬ ing use made of the collections made by specialists in various branches of Palaeontology. During September of this year York was visited by a party of foreign Geologists who had attended the meeting of the International Geological Congress held in London. This party, which consisted of Dr. Beyrich, Fr. Beyrich, Frl. Beyrich, Prof. Pavlow, Mdme. Pavlow, Prof. Nikitin, Snr. Castillo, and Snr. Pivero, was entertained at lunch at the Station Hotel, Mr. North, Yice-President, presiding. They subsequently visited the Museum under the guidance of the Hon. Secretary and Mr. J. E. Clark. All spoke in high commendation of the Palaeontological Collections. Antiquarian Department. — The past year has been marked by very few antiquarian discoveries in York, but the resources of the Society have been made use of to acquire various objects of interest which have been offered to us for sale. There are still in private hands in this city and neighbourhood many curiosities which we are almost certain to have the chance of acquiring sooner or later, and it is most earnestly to be desired that as these opportunities occur the chances presented to us will not be thrown away. Our Old English Pottery has been largely increased in this way, and will become in a short time, if fostered by a judicious and reasonable expenditure, one of the most remarkable collections in the country. One great difficulty, which will have to be met before many years are over, will be the want of space. The COUNCIL FOR 1888. 9 Antiquarian Collections have been more than doubled during the last twenty years, and are even now inconveniently crowded. The Curator of Antiquities has been obliged to give much attention during the past year to the condition of the ruins. Some portions of these most interesting but decaying remains were found to be so unsafe that it was absolutely necessary, for the prevention of accidents, to take immediate measures to repair them. Among these were the great arch of the tower of the Abbey, the condition of which necessitated the erection of scaffolds which are always expensive, the upper portions of the Multangular Tower, and the Water Gate, close to what is erroneously called the llospitium. The Curator proposes to repair with cement, &c., during the present year the old Norman Gateway which constitutes the entrance from Mary gate, and he considers it highly desirable that in the course of the next four or five years the whole of the ruins in the gardens should be thoroughly examined and made safe. Mineralogy. — The acquisitions during the past year have not been numerous, the only ones of importance being a collection of rocks and minerals presented by Mr. J. Hatfeild, of Thorp Arch Hall, and a series of Teesdale minerals presented by J. Backhouse, Esq. Since the collection of shells hitherto kept in the Mineralogical room is shortly to be removed to the new gallery, it is suggested that the space thus set free may be utilized for the exhibition of a typical rock collection, together with the necessary material for illustrating the same. Library. — The Honorary Curator reports that the Library has received considerable additions during the past year, due chiefly to the generosity of other scientific societies. Indian, American, Norwegian, French, Italian, Herman, Russian, and Mexican publications of no small value continue to be sent. The Reed Reference Library has also been largely added to by Mr. Reed, amongst these additions vols. XXIII., XXI Y., and XXY. of the 4 4 Challenger ” Reports are especially noteworthy. 10 REPORT OF THE This continued growth of the Library renders an increase of the present accommodation urgently necessary. Conchological Department. — The Honorary Curator is very glad to he able to report that owing to the liberality of Mr. William Deed, a wish expressed some time ago with regard to this department is about to be fulfilled. The foreign shells have hitherto occupied a very unsuitable position, and have also been very much cramped. Mr. Deed has therefore offered to place hanging cases in the Tertiary Doom, where the recent shells can be exhibited with ample space for an adequate display, and will also be placed in their proper geological sequence. The department has received some additional species during the year presented b}r the Honorary Curator, wrho hopes to add more largely to the collection as the rearrangement is proceeded with. Department of Insects and Crustacea.— The Collections have not received any additions during the year with the exception of a series of Land Crabs presented by A. Ball, Esq. By the erection of new Shell Cases more space will be available for exhibiting Crustacea and Lepidoptera, and the entire rearrangement of those collections should be undertaken after that of the Foreign Shells has been completed. Ornithological Department. — During the past year a number of specimens of scarce birds have been added to this department, both by purchase and by presentation, and cased along with some of our old ones to form the nucleus of a fresh collection of British Birds. The majority of those birds remaining in the “ Dudston ” and “Strickland” Collections are found to be in very poor condition, and unfortunately lack any data whatsoever. Already 50 cases have been prepared and placed in the “ Strickland Gallery,” and a number of others will shortly be ready for exhibition. Among the specimens recently purchased are an excellent pair of Sand Grouse (Syrrhapte* Paradoxus) taken at Spurn Point COUNCIL FOR 1888. 11 in August, a marvellous influx of these birds has occurred during the past nine months from Central Asia. The Budston Collection likewise contained a pair which it is supposed may have been captured in Yorkshire during the last appearance of these strange wanderers in England, just 25 years ago. These have likewise been re-cased and now stand along with the more recent examples in the new Strickland Collection. Among the specimens added by presentation is one of Bulwer’s Petrel (Buhceria Columbina ), which was found dead on the banks of the lire, near Tanfield (Yorks.), on the 8th of May, 1837, and is the only authenticated British killed specimen extant, as recorded by Professor Newton. [See Proc. Zool. Society, London, November 15, 1887.] The specimen in question having fallen into the hands of the late Curator of Leeds Museum (Mr. W. Eagle Clarke), was purchased from him and presented to the Philosophical Society by the Curator. Comparative Anatomy.-— No additions of importance have been made to this department during the past year. The collections are however in very good order. The Honorary Curator desires again to point out our want of Skeletons of the common types, a want which greatly impairs the practical utility of our collections. Botanical Department.-— The British and Foreign Herbaria are in a good state of preservation. Mr. Ball, of Mill Crooks, has presented a small collection of dried British Plants. Dr. Matterson presented a dried specimen of Impatiem parriflora which he found growing abundantly in flower in August last on ground shaded by trees just above the beach of the Sohvay Firth, at Auchenchard, in Kircudbrightshire, N.B. This plant is not generally described in works on the British Flora, as there are doubts as to w-hether it is indigenous. Dr. Matterson is indebted to Mr. Le Tall, of the Friends’ School, wTho pointed it out to him in Sow7erby’s beautiful Plates of British Flora. 12 REPORT OF THE Sowerby states that it is found in Lancashire and one or two other localities, but does not mention Scotland as a habitat. Bentham (British Flora, 5th edition) is of opinion that it has become naturalized from Russia, but mentions only the southern counties of England. The valuable collection of plants presented by the Dalton family is also in a good state of preservation. Meteorology.— 1888 was the third successive unusually cold year. Though the mean of the morning and evening temperatures 46*09° was a few hundredths higher than last year (46*05°), it must be regarded as equally cold, since the average mean of the maxima and minima was 46*6° against 46*9° The 1887 value is higher because of the high day temperatures of the “Jubilee summer,” which outbalanced the greater coolness of the night temperatures. In 1887 the morning records average 1*3° higher than the evening; in 1888 the excess was only 0*7° Last year the lowest monthly mean minimum was 30*3° — the highest mean maximum 74*0° ; this year they are 31*5° and 64*3° Thus in various ways the fact is shown that 1888 was notable for continuous rather than excessive coolness, although the actual range of temperature from 12*0° to 83*3° is 5*1° greater than last year, when even the maximum was slightly lower. Most notable was the lack of warmth in June and July. The mean for the twTo months (53*6°) is 1*2° lower than in 1871, till now the coldest summer since our records began in 1841. February was the coldest month, August the warmest, but November the most exceptionally warm. Even December was 2J° warmer than March. Hence the number of flowers blooming on Christmas Day was unusual for York. Miss Backhouse made a list of over 30 at the Holgate Nursery grounds. Bright Sunshine. — The total, 1149 hours, was practically the same as in 1886, but otherwise less than the other six years of our records, except the sunless season of 1885. May, more pronouncedly than ever, shows itself the sunniest of months. COUNCIL LOR 1888. 18 Rain fell upon fewer days than usual since 1871 and was very deficient except in July and November. The heavy snows in March also aided in making the total (25 T 6 inches) slightly above the average. Most excessive was the July record of 6J5 inches, or nearly one quarter of the total fall in the year. From 1841 to 1871 over 4 inches was recorded in July only in 1855 (4 TO inches) ; since then this is the fifth record, the amounts being 4*72 in 1872, 4T7 in 1879, 5*21 in 1880, and 4-53 in 1883. Hence this year’s fall was quite unprecedented. Yet it was not until after the November storms that the ground regained its wonted moisture, which had disappeared since early winter, 1887. Floods have again been notably few. Only on March 10th (8ft. 2in.) and in November (9ft. on 3rd, 8Jft. on 14th, 8ft. 2in. on 16th, 9 Jft. on 25th) did the Ouse rise above 8 feet. On July 26th it reached 7\ feet in consequence of the disastrous floods in Wensleydale and Swaledale. The Barometer had slightly less range than in 1887. January and September gave high means, whilst those for March and July were decidedly low. In November there was an unusual number of depressions of considerable depth off our western coasts, so that more storms occurred in that month than in the rest of the year. No Auroras have yet been noted, but their reappearance before long may be expected, as sun-spots have begun to increase rapidly in number. Henry Richardson, Escp, has again kindly supplied additional returns from Cherry Hill and Cherry Bank ; and Richard Thompson, Esq , from Oswaldkirk. There is considerable divergence between the distribution of “ bright sunshine ” recorded at the latter place and York ; this is the first time that the total at York has been the greater. 77 New Members, 9 Lady Subscribers, 11 New Associates, 1 County Member, 2 Life Members, and 3 Temporary Sub¬ scribers, have been added to the Society’s List during the past year. 14 REPORT OF THE The Society has lost by resignation during the past year 12 Members, 6 Lady Subscribers, and 4 Associates, and by death 17 Members. The Lev. H. L. Clarke, Mr. J. E. Clark, The Lev. AY. C. ITey and Mr. AY. Monkhouse, retire from the Council this year, in accordance with the rules of the Society, and are ineligible for election during the present year. The Council recommend for election the following New Members of Council The Key. John Hey. Mr. Frederick Shann. Hr. Baker. Mr. Bichard Pearson. The following Savants wTere elected Honorary Members Hr. Heinrich Beyrich, of Berlin. Professor Pavlow, of Moscow. Professor Nikitin, of St. Petersburg. Hr. J ames Geikie, E.B.S. (Edinburgh). Henry Seebohn, E.L.S. HEIGHT OF THE ELVER OHSE EURING 1888. Date. Jan. 1st . 55 2nd . 55 3rd . 5? 4th . 5? 5th . 5J 6 th . 55 7th . 55 8th . 55 9th . 55 10 th . 55 11th . 55 12th . 5 5 13th . 55 14th . 55 loth . 5 5 16th . 55 17 th j >5 ISth 55 19 th ) ? 5 20th . 55 21st . 55 22nd . 55 23rd . 55 24 th . 55 25th . 55 26 th . 55 27 th . Ft. In. 1 0 0 9 1 0 1 9 5 10 2 0 1 9 1 6 1 6 1 2 1 4 1 0 S.L. 0 9 0 6 0 6 Summer Level. 0 G 0 6 1 3 1 G 0 6 0 G 3 4 Date. Ft. In. Jan. 28th . 0 6 n 29th . 0 6 n 30 th . 0 6 5 5 31st . 0 6 Feb. 1st . S.L. ii 2nd . 0 6 55 3rd . 1 O 55 4th . 2 0 55 5th . 1 2 55 6th . 1 6 55 7th . 1 0 55 8th . 1 6 55 Sth . 1 0 55 10th' • 1 o O 55 11th . 1 0 55 12 th . 1 0 55 13th . 1 0 55 1 4 th . 1 0 55 loth . 1 2 55 16th . 1 0 55 17 th . 0 9 >5 18th . 0 9 5 ) 19th . 0 o 55 20 th . 0 G 55 2 1st . 0 8 55 22nd . 0 9 55 23rd . 0 6 j Date. Ft. lo. Feb. 24th . 0 4 55 25 th . 0 A. J- 55 26th . 0 3 55 27th . 0 4 55 2 Sth . 0 4 55 29th . 1 4 Mar. 1st . 1 0 55 2nd . 1 2 55 3rd . 1 5 55 4 th . -L 4 55 oth . 1 3 55 6 th . 0 o O 55 7 th . 1 6 55 Sth . 5 6 55 9 th . 7 G 55 10th . 8 2 55 11th . G 2 J 5 1 2 Lh . 5 10 55 13th . o O 6 55 14th . •-> u 9 imi 55 15 th . 2 0 55 16 th . o 3 35 17th . i O -j 1 5 18th . i 6 53 19th . i 2 5' 20 th . i 2 55 21st . i G HEIGHT OF BIVEB OUSE DUBING 1888 (Continued;. Date. Ma 55 55 55 )> ,, 28th „ 29 tli „ 30th ,, 31st April 1 st 2nd Ft. In, 55 5? 5> 15 3rd 4th oth 6th 7th 8 th 9 th 2 0 2 0 3 3 5 0 3 11 3 4 Q o 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 6 2 3 2 4 5 Summer Level from J une 23rd to 30th. July 1st . . . 0 3 2nd .*.03 3rd [ Summer 4th j Level 5th ... 0 4 6th . 7th . 8 th . 9 th . Summer Level from 10th to 14th. >) 55 55 55 55 55 55 0 6 0 6 0 3 0 3 22nd . # 3 3 June 17th . . . 0 4 Se; 2,3rd . 7 6 31 18th . . . o 4 55 24th . 6 2 33 19th . . . o 6 55 25 th . 4 6 33 20th . . . 0 6 55 26 th . 2 9 33 2 1st . . . 0 G 55 27th . 2 6 • 33 22nd . . . 0 6 5’ Date. Ft. In. Date. 33 33 lorn . . . 11th . . . i 1 4 0 ” 55 iOUl . 16th . u 1 o 0 33 12th . . . 2 11 i 33 17th . 1 6 ) 3 13th . . . 1 8 33 18th . 3 6 33 14th . . . 3 0 33 19th . 2 4 33 15th . . . 2 1 33 20th . 1 6 33 16th . . . 1 6 3 3 21st . 1 0 33 17th . . . 1 9 55 22nd . 1 2 33 18th . . . 1 i 5 33 23rd . 1 6 33 19th . . . 1 6 1 33 24 th . 1 0 33 20th . . . 1 6 33 2 oth . 1 9 31 21st . . . 4 0 33 26th . 7 6 33 22nd . . . 7 1 33 33 27th . 4 9 3 3 23rd . . 4 1 2Sth . 9 3 33 24th . . . 2 2 3? 29 th . 2 6 33 31 25th . . . ] 10 33 30th . 3 0 26th . . . 2 0 33 31st . 2 9 33 27th . . . 1 10 A u°\ 1st . 1 9 3 3 28th . . . 1 n o 33 2nd . 1 9 33 29th . . . 0 9 3 3 3rd . 2 0 1 1 30th . . . o Li 6 33 4th . 1 6 May 1st . . . 2 1 33 5 111 . 2 6 3 3 2nd . . . 1 6 33 6th . 9 6 3 3 3rd . . 2 6 33 7th . 1 6 33 4th . 5 1 33 8 th . 1 1 3 33 >3 oth . . . 2 2 33 9 th . 1 o O 6th . S.L. 33 3J 10th . 1 9 33 7th . . . 3 11th . 1 2 33 8th . . . 1 0 3 3 12th . 1 2 33 9th . . . 1 2 33 13 th . 0 10 3 3 10th . . . 1 2 33 14 th . 1 7 j 33 11th . . . 0 6 33 loth . 1 0 33 12th . . . 0 6 33 16 th . 0 10 33 13th . . . 0 6 33 17th . 0 9 33 14th . . . 0 6 33 18th . 1 0 33 loth . . . 0 6 3 1 19th . Water off. 33 16th . . . 0 6 Summer level from 20th 33 33 17th . . . 18th . . . 0 0 6 6 33 to 25th. 26th . . . 1 2 33 19th . . . 0 6 33 27 th . l 2 33 20th . . . 0 6 33 28th . 1 6 Summer Level from 3 ) 29th . o O 2 May 21st to June 3rd. 33 30th . 1 6 J UHO 4th . . . 0 6 13 31st . 1 2 33 5th . . ; 0 6 Sept. 1st . 1 0 33 7th . . . 0 6 33 2nd . 1 6 33 8th . . . 0 6 33 3rd . 9 Mm 9 33 9th . . . 0 6 • 3 4th . 1 3 i 33 10th . 3 0 33 oth . 1 0 33 11th . . . 0 f* u >3 6th . 1 0 33 12th . . . 0 6 33 7th . 0 6 J 3 13th . . . 0 6 3 3 8 th . 1 0 33 14th . . . 0 4 3 3 9 th . 1 0 33 loth . . . 0 6 iy 10 th . 0 n o 33 16th . . . 0 6 , ’3 11th . 1 Q O 13th . 14th . 15th . 16th) Ft, In. . 0 9 . 0 9 . 0 9 . 0 6 17th[Wateroff- Summer Level from Sept, 18th to Oct. 27th. 55 51 15 11 51 33 33 33 33 33 33 33 33 33 33 33 33 33 33 33 33 33 >3 33 33 33 33 33 3 1 Dec. 55 55 5* 55 55 55 55 55 55 55 55 55 55 55 55 55 55 55 55 55 55 55 55 55 55 28th . . . 1 2 29th . 3 2 30th . . . 0 4 31st . . . 1 0 1st . . . 1 6 2nd . . . 1 6 3rd . . . 9 0 4th . . . 7 0 oth . . . 4 0 6th . . . 5 0 7th . . . 2 0 8th . . . S.L. 9th . . . 1 0 10th . . . 1 4 11th . . . 1 2 12th . . . i 6 13th . . . 5 6 14th . . . 8 6 15th . . . 4 o O 16th . . . 8 2 17th . . . 4 0 18th . . . 5 9 19th . . . 4 0 20th . . . 4 6 21st . . . 4 0 22nd . . . 4 o •O 23rd . . . 4 6 24th . . . 4 3 25th . . . 9 6 26th . . . h. i 0 27th . . . 3 2 2 8 ill . . . 5 6 29th . . . o O 2 30th . . . 3 6 1st . 4 0 2nd . . . 1 6 3rd . . . O O 6 4 th . 5 3 5 th . . 4 1 6th . 2 6 7th . . . 1 10 8th . . S.L. Oth . . . 0 6 1 Oth ) „ im (Summer 1 2th) 13th . . . 0 3 14th . . . 0 3 loth . . . 0 3 10th . . . 0 Q o 17th . . . 0 3 18th . . . 0 O o 19th . . . S.L. 20th . . . 0 o Li 21st . . . 1 0 22nd . . . 0 3 23rd . . .. 1 5 21th . . . 0 2 25th . . . 1 6 26th . . . o mJ 3 27th . . . o Li 1 28th . . . 5 6 29th . . . 4 3 30th . . . i i 31st . . . 1 7 The Iliver Ouse was at or below Summer Level on So days during the year. v o «/ STATION, YORK.— THE MUSEUM. Longitude V 5' W., Latitude 53” 57' N. Height above Mean Sea Level 51 feet. A* d rt o o o Cl r-H Cl CO CO co vo « CM CO a> C5 00 co CO t- CO cb CO' CO CO CO 05 ^r* 'rS •p WH CO 3 CO K H o a CO o tH *c -rj4 CO H 05 CO o Cl »b cc P 0 GO CO 00 OO X - co CO QC cc CO GO 05 O 05 • H -*H <3 3 o o co VO o 1^ 05 rH rH CO CO vo Cl 827 © c3 o 05 cc 00 co -O CO CO GO CO GO 05 Ph ! o • 3 r-H cc Cl 05 o CO o CO Cl 05 3 in. o 00 CO Cl o CO o "T4 CO CO CM CO | o CD Cl r-H r-H Cl Cl CO 03 CO cp Cl Cl • 07 d 1 P hi c3 >• — < CO CO 05 o o o o VO VO hH -r-H CO

HH H— 3 hH -H vO 4^- HH H rt c3 OO C5 00 05 05 co O'. C5 XT' Cl Cl CO VO -H ft r-H r-H Cl rH r— 4 r-H rj • K o x^ Xf4 vo o CO o o o o o 05 CO 03 d le— ( O vb CO P o p CO cb N 05 o P l- CO >o vo iO CO 1^- CO X- X- CO CO o VO 2 1 • rH * © <£ HH c3 rH r-H -4-3 o H HH 4H d r3 hH Pi -t-5 Cl Pi HH »o f r~{ HH I- H f-H HH co (H HH o 2nd -*H 00 rH HH C5 3 p. CO r-H r-H f-H CO Cl r-H r | O CO • • o d o o O o o o co o o o co o o r-^ ro VO iO VO vO H Hi CO Hi d o VO o o 05 H CO C O o Cl v-H Cl & GO »b 1- r-H 05 Cl P vb Cl o cb o VO C5 CO CO CO VO vo iO vo H< tt1 Hi ! 2 r-H vo o Cl X^ Cl r-H r-H vo (O CO Ic cf ib CO 04 ‘O cb t» CO vb VO do cb J C5 CO CO CO Tf1 VC *o VO vo vo XT1 CO © o CO CO CO rH Hi 05 vo CO OO r-H o ri i — ' 05 Cl rH r-H o — H o rH HI o CO d • rH r-H o o o o C5 CO Cb o o o 05 r- o 05 05 r-H o o o o o C5 C5 O P CO CO Cl Cl CO Cl 04 Cl CO CO Cl d Cl 00 VO r-H rH CO CO Cl L- 05 C5 CO o i- Cl CO VO CO C5 >o 05 Cl r-4 r-H op I- TP Cl •HJ4 Cl Hi o CM GO o T - P 05 05 do o 05 cb 05 1 - ^ J2 ci Cl Cl Cl CM Cl Cl do oo o d CD A rj r-> — ; « d r-* d d d d (H d d d Pi P r4 d Ph Ph P. d d c3 P p p p P -fH cc CO C5 CO 05 05 CO 00 05 CO CO co 05 Cl 1 - 1 T' c\ ,-v ey rv • no r-^H P) Pi -4-3 C/3 nd Pi nzi pi rH HH d hH c3 CO o r-H C5 CO CO 05 r- co PH r— h Cl CO Cl Cl Cl CM Cl CM j CO r-H CO r— H V-O »o r-H c^ r-H CO CO «H CO fH co o 07 r— H i - Hi CO x- »o GO >0> CO o Cl v.O *o o o o 1- o CO — w ZJ CJ _3 • — 1 r* i — ■ u* o HH ?H d A £ cj P- c3 2 Ph H d r- c3 q c§ d p q d r~« P H d q d f-P HH CO HH c3 C5 C5 05 05 CO OD C5 05 05 05 05 05 r-H P4 r> r*. fS cv r r-H H-3 r*j HH CO Pi hH 'Oi Jh t r-; H-H HH OQ r~] hH HH C/3 r-1— i rC HH d 00 GO »-H co CO CG CO r-« CO r-H co CO 1 j r-H Cl CM Cl r-H CO — 1 Cl r-H . V>> H o © fH cb t>4 ft- c3 ?H c3 Pi HH 00 r^H £ ?H o d Pi g c3 1 GO CO rH d t-O rH Q 5 r-t CD Ch April >> VrH © d h— rH d cp O Ph o rJ2 r— o HH O c © > © 05 O a a « j * The recording barometer indicates that the actual extremes were respectively 3072 about 11 p.m. and 2875 at 4 p.m. STATION, YORK. — THE MUSEUM. Thermometers 4 feet 3 inches above ground. Rain-gauge 1 foot 9 inches above ground. <1> . • rH GO 53 oo CO CD o H CO rH rH CO Cl C5 Cl »o • a rH Ph a2 Q) r— * rH CO CO h Cl •f ■cr Tff (M O-. Cl rH rH o o o CO Cl rH r- ' m o 5 Cl CD © © Cl H o Cl o C5 H< CO rH Eh Jq Cl rH »H rH rH fH r H oi o >o O o © o rH o o rH Cl O o © 1 C-H 1 H CD CD H CD VO CO Id- o Cl CO 1 © O 1 © m 1 p . 1 1 c b. Cl CO fH oo 05 CO CD to CO l- 1 vO • rH H-> c3 & 1 rH r-H r-H rH rH iH rH rH rH rH 1 vO fH > © p VO CN Cl oo 00 Cl H CD VO H i- P ■H 4-j H CS) H> -H A r-H © Cl © © CO 1 - CO r-- 1 CO oo CD © H SH j January o O CO CO CO r*H -r Februar March A pril rt krH : June r-H r 1 August D 3 Cl> o rQ rH CJ O CO 0) /H rH .vcox j Pi ■*} H R « © o M t-H > 3 © X 30 CO O CO CO CM rvi *-h o H m Ri ° 0 WH w o w i—5 c3 -*-> CO R P R o H O ih rH CM CO CO HO CO kO -icq CM Pi w r- 1 — H W o £i u H © © £_, o M O cm o CO O 05 H i> — I Cl -—I — ' o co •— 1 t — CO CO t- CM CM I— I co co Cl Cl Cl C3 o CO © © -^< — ■ CO H O -^< l© "TI CO — co o cl CO CO -*1 d CO -f co Pi W P O H O o Per Cent. >5 30 22 05 CM o CO 20 20 l 29 29 26 1 Total. Hours 96 o 94 96 CO CO o CM C5 1 93 CO CO 1 CD CO I o September. | R O R CP Q Mo O O r-H CM Ir— GS CO CO CO (M Id CM CL. co CM 2S Total. Hours OO t- 99 100 *o r— ^ r—4 139 901 ? 84 106 t- co CM O 00 rH R C/5 P Per Cent. 0 o' o CO 40 o co (M CO r— < CO CO 43 CO (M 33 o • C/5 © r—H R 1- O —H CO r-H r— H •H o VO —H ] Cw pc CO 00 o 05 <©> >o co (M O LO o o r-H r— i r-H r-H r-H r-H r-H Ol r-H H HH M-l r-H • Per Cent. CO CO 31 29 34 CM CO Xf4 r—H Cl 33 p r—5 Cj in R 'rH Cl -R4 CO o Cl ic CD -h pi 1- T— HH 1 - o o o CO to o o rH r-H r—H r-H pH r-H CM r-H Cl rH H M Rh r-H w Per Cent. r—H co 36 •rH CO 35 33 o CO r-H HT* 2S H I'M CO CO © • ra >o r2 R C5 o k<0 00 Cl kO r-H »o 00 © I- l- 1 - CD «o o to o H O KR RH r»-«l r-H r-H r-H r-H r-H r—4 CO r-H r-H t* < % © ifO >o o o -0 05 Cl CO CO co co co Ol co ‘-'0 CO co CO O rH CO CM CM CO tJH CO CM co O I- CM CO CO 05 d I— I Id co eo CM Cl co o co 1 - 05 1^ CM o o -© CO O H r^- CM 1*3 Total. Hours CARY. | Per j Cent. ►H P w R Total. w R P O RR Rh rH F— ' © Per | Cent. ! r-j CO R cS 1 ® 1 H © o W t-H. o ICO co co 05 co o Cl co t- 05 Cl o o o OO f“*h co co CM CM CO co co co C) -I'M 05 co CO ICO CO t- 05 05 CO Cl M1 i- co 05 co k© >C CO C! k© T*f co CO CO CM CM < N K-t I— I CM CO co oo oo CO OO CO Hr CM CO 00 CO »o co CO CO >o CM r-!M 05 CO CO CM CO CO CO t - CO oo oo CO CO OC tc Is 3 o H ci © a SUPPLEMENTARY RETURNS, SUPPLIED BY E. THOMPSON, ESQ 19 •muow p3 Gj CD Mar. r—H • rH fH P. Cu © b b >* r-H ci fcb B H-4 Ph CD -P O > o 6 CD >~T> fa p=j << C/2 o fi H . (<-9iqissod „ CO r-H rH o CM CO © to © © oj emqs © o ©

0> CO CO r-H rH © 'P Cd H hH j— i t-H ■ e -uns pmjou JO O.oEJUOOJOJ © CO Cd to Cl i-H b jo -ox M r_i r-H r-H rH © rH IPJ3J0UIJ0 10- qoiqAiuosJuQ; H © © or r-H CO r-H r—H to rH © CO CM CM © rH rH I ! w ; O D jo jgqumjq rH . 2 s O H H i— 4 r-H rB •~3 rB -4-3 rB H r^H rB * H s HH PB B P P Cl 1 — CO -4-H CO H— 4 B CM CO r-H H-3 CO — H CM H-H 1- 1 W-H M : ^ c -4-3 02 r-P (H cm r-H r-H rH Cd CM r-H CM CD a h a fe P od CD rB T— 4 © o CO o o CO CO CO CO o to rd ® *H £ o-^ Ph - o C-0 to © Cd CO r-H r-H CM r-H © r-H CO 1 - - Cd fcn ' — ^ CrO -- T ~ O Cd CM © CO I-H hH © »o r- I- *o © | W *5 '■ a < ■-- •qidorj TBiOT o Cl o o r-H HH CO © © to © 1 aa^ p hH r— 4 r-H CO CO r-H CM to CO OT © © O i~ 3 CO CO © CJ r— < t- Cd © © CO OT © cc © OD i-ji: i-'HC •qjdoQ TOOT rH I— ■ H o CO CO CO CO CO © CM CO rH © Cl *o CO ‘■p Ur - Q r-H Cd r-H rH cb rH r—H CO r-H CO w__ ^ O i— i © r "H r-H •q)uoj\[ i Jan. rb CJ fa rH P WH r=3 i Apri c3 WH CD P i J uly cb H j Sept o o f> o Dec. Tota 20 LECTURES. The following Evening Lectures have been delivered in the Theatre of the Museum and Festival Concert Room : — IN TEE MUSEUM: April 19th. On “ Animal Intelligence.” By Professor G. J. Romanes, LL.D., F.R.S. May 17th. On “Light and Colour.” By Professor Garnett, M.A , D.C.L. Nov. 5th. On “ Pygmy Race's of Men.” By Professor W. H. Flower, C.B., LL.D , F.R.S. Nov. 14th. On “Social Progress of Women during the last 100 years.” By Mrs. Fawcett. IN THE CONCERT ROOM: Dec. 6th. Dec. 12th. On the “Forth Bridge.” M. Inst , C.E. On “A Naturalist’s holidav in t/ By Benjamin Baker, Australia.” Bv Dr. J. E. Taylor, F.L.S., F.G.S. The following papers were read : March 6th “ On the discovery of Terebratula Risinuata in the London Clay of Catisfield, Hants.” By I. F. Walker, Esq., M.A. June 5th. “ On the occurrence of Ananchytes ovatus ( Echinocorys vulgaris ) in the Margate Chalk.” By J. F. Walker, Esq., M.A. Dec. 4th. “ On the distribution of the Spinose Rhynclionellas and the occurrence of Rhynchonella spinulosa (var : file yens is) in the Lower Calcareous Grit of Filey.” By J. F. Walker, Esq, M.A., and S. S. Buckman, Esq., F.G.S. NEW MEMBERS ELECTED. Adams, M. J., Chapter House Street. Anderson, Robert, Coney Street. Anderson, F. H., Shewford , House, Fid ford. Ankers, John, 86, Gillygate. Bailey, Arthur, 4, East Mount R.oad. 21 Baldwin, Bev. G. W. De Conroy, Lord Mayor's Walk. Balm ford, Walter, South Esplanade. Bateman, Hinton, Blossom Street. Biscomb, J., Tower Street. Biscomb, T., Peclceit Street. Brentnall, F., Fisher gate. Brown, George, 64, Monhgate. Buckle, Bobert, High Ousegate. Bullivant, M. B., Feasgate. Carter, Bev. E. S., Precentor's Court. Carter, Edwin, 32, Gillygate. Chambers, Gore, Ivy Cottage , Fisher gate. Glutton, W. J., The Mount. Coates, W. II. Addison, Davy gate. Colson, C. G., 15, Bootham Terrace. Cookson, B. E., Settrington Mouse. Cotterell, George, Feversham House, Bootham Stray. Croft, George, 26, James Street. Dale, John, Museum Street. Demaine, I., Michlegate. Dennis, G. C., Tower Street. Dodgson, Walter, St. Sampson's Square. Fair weather, John T., Nun Mill House. Feltoe, B. H., The Limes, Heworth. Gaunt, Charles Edwin, Coney Street. Halliwell, Frederick Wm., Be Grey Rooms. Harding, George, High Ouse gate. Hartley, B. H., 25, Mary gate. Hepper, William, 61, Bishopthorpe Road. Hey, Miss, 72, Bootham. ' Hitchcock, 0. K., The Asylum, Bootham. Hoyle, Miss Sarah, St. Sampson's Square. King, Henry, St. Peter's Grove. Kirby, George, 3, Coney Street. Leetham, Henry Ernest, 2, Friar's Terrace. Leetham, Sidney, 73, Monhgate. MacKay, Donald, Mount Villas. Moiser, H. B., Heworth Grange. Noble, John, Clarence Villa. Paterson, Mrs. Amelia, Burton House, Clifton. Pearson, Miss, Priory House. 22 Pulleyn, John, Low Ousegate. Pawling, Thomas, Swinegate. Hex, John, Low Ousegate. Bobinson, Christopher, Belle Vue Terrace. Bussell, Thomas Joshua, Spurrier gate. Sampson, John, 18, Coney Street. Sayner, William, City and County Band. Scawin, William, Ravenslea , Clifton. Scott, Colonel, Clifton Holme. Scott, Henry Venn, Parle Street. Seller, J. T., The Mount?. Seller, George, Clifton. Shann, Frederick, 6, St. Leonards. Shepherd, J. H., The Castle. Smith, J. M., Lligh Ousegate. Snowball, Arthur, Parliament Street. Sowray, J., King's Square. Spetch, J. L., 17, Church Street. Telfer, John B., 9, Hoi gate Terrace. Terry, T. W. L., Bishopthorpe Road. The Lady Superintendent, Nurses' Home , Monlegate. Turner, B., M.D., Minster Yard. Turner, E. B., 9, Burton I^ane. Varey, Aid. Thomas, Clifton. Waite, T., 1, Parle Street, The Mount. Walker, Mrs. M. A., 87, Union Terrace. Wilkinson, C. N-, The Mount. Williams, Miss, Mount Vale. Winspear, Walter, Coney Street. Wood, Thos. F., Nunth-orpe. Wright, Aid. S., The Mount . LIFE MEMBERS. Norcliffe, Francis Best, Langton Hall , Malton. Wilson, George, St. Glare's Road. COUNTY MEMBERS. Dale, David, 7 Vest Lodge, Darlington. 23 LADY SUBSCRIBERS. Bellhouse, Miss 0. C., 19, Coney Street. Dundas, Miss, Thornby Lodge, St. Veter's Grove. Gape, Mrs., 5, St. Mary's. Hall, Mrs. W. E., De Grey Street. Middleton, Miss, Nunthorpe Terrace. NewtoD, Miss, 43, Bootham. Smith, Mrs. G. F., 1, Precentor's Court. Tranmar, Miss, 36, St. John Street. Tfilcox, Mrs., 8, Avenue Terrace , Clifton. ASSOCIATES. Elmhirst, C. E,, Lenclal. Fry, C., Blossom Street. Hetherton, John, 8, East Parade , He worth. Hind, H. J.. The Retreat. Marchant, B., 22, Grosvenor Terrace. Meek, E. E., 3, Pechett Street. Moore, Edwin, 42, East Mount Road. Budgard, H. J., lie worth Halt. Stamp, Thomas, 42, Marygate. Walker, E. W. F., 12, East Mount Road. Wood, J. B., Park Street , The Mount. TEMPORARY SUBSCRIBERS. Beresford, Captain, 78, Bootham. Greenwood, Captain, Club Chambers. Magean, James, 46, Coney Street. RESOLUTIONS PASSED AT THE ANNUAL MEETING, HELD FEB. oth, 1889. 1. That the Beport of the Council now read be adopted and printed for circulation amongst the Members, Lady Subscribers, and Associates of the Society. 2. That the thanks of the Society be given to the Members of the Council retiring from office, also to the Treasurer, Secretary, and Curators, for their valuable services ; and that authority be given to the Council to give admission to the Public to the Museum on Whit-Monday and Tuesday, under the same regulations as last year. 3. That the thanks of the Meeting be given to the Chairman. 24 THE TREASURER IN ACCOUNT WITH THE YORKSHIRE PHILOSOPHICAL SOCIETY FOR THE YEAR ENDING 31st DECEMBER, 1883. &X> INCOME. £. s. d. Subscriptions : Members . 630 0 0 County Members . 32 0 0 Temporary Members .. 3 0 0 Lady Subscribers . 69 0 0 Associates . 19 0 0 Arrears . 15 15 0 Compositions in lieu of future Subscrip¬ tions . 40 0 0 Admission Fees : Paid in Instalments . 12 0 0 Keys of Gates . 52 12 0 £. s. d. Rents: T. G. Mann, Esq., St- Mary’s Lodge . 50 0 0 Mr. Sykes, Bootham and Marygate Towers .... 21 0 0 Mr. Burton, Marygate Baths, Instalment ... . 500 York Amateur Boating Club . 5 0 0 Fine Art Society . 2 0 0 York and District Field Naturalists' Society, less £1 paid to Attend¬ ant . 2 0 0 Water Works Company 0 10 Hire of Tent and Tables. . 7 11 6 Less Carriage, Attendant fixing and removing when on Hire, &c. . . 4 17 10 -863 7 0 88 1 0 2 13 15 J 2 3 15 Meteorological Department . Sale of Plants and Timber . Sale of Case . . . 2 0 0 Whitsuntide Admission Fees 11 4 11 Less: Paid to 16 At¬ tendants .. 4 16 0 Paid to Police 0 10 0 5 6 0 - 5 18 11 Gate Money . 217 7 5 Sale of Catalogues, Photographs, &c. 9 6 0 Balance in hands of the Treasurer, 31st December, 1888 . 31 17 .£1208 1 0 EXPENDITURE. «Tl\ £. s. d. £. s. d. Crown Rent . 1 0 0 Corporation Rent . . . 19 9 2 Rates and Taxes: Poor Rates, Income Tax, &c., St. Wilfrid and St. Olave . 21 16 9 Waterworks Company .... 2 4 6 Gardeners’ Licenses .... 2 5 0 Stamping Receipt Book . . 1 9 2 27 15 5 14 Insurance . Salaries and Wages: Mr. Platnauer . 200 0 0 Mr. Fielden . 60 0 0 Miss Baines . 39 0 0 Mr. Guy . 25 0 0 Jas. Davison (Pension) . . 25 0 0 Attendants, Museum and Hospitium: Attendant at Mu¬ seum . 57 4 0 Female attendant at Museum.... 25 14 0 Female attendant at Hospitium.. 26 0 0 - 10S 18 0 Gardeners, including Sun¬ day attendance at Gate. . 96 4 6 - - 555 2 6 Yorkshire Insurance Company — Annuity . - . . . . . 197 16 10 Interest and Commission to Bankers 3 12 0 General Repairs, Expenses, and Additions, Museum and Hospitium 11] 6 11 Estate : Repairs to ruins in Grounds 45 1 7 Genera] repairs and expenses 38 9 2 - S3 10 9 - 194 17 s Gardens : General Repairs, Expenses, and Additions . 12 11 10 Coke, Coals, &c . 8 11 21 3 Library: Books, Binding, &c . 27 11 7 Miscellaneous : Printing and Stationery . 6 8 11 Printing Reports and Postage thereof 10 5 9 Printing Communications to Mem¬ bers and postages of same . 10 1 8 Catalogues . 3 3 0 Coals, Gas, kc . 30 4 4 Purchases and repairs of Antiquities 42 10 3 Meteorology . 15 12 0 Sundries, including Firewood, Carriage of Parcels, & c . 5 16 0 Sundry Postages . 6 4 11 1184 9 7 Excess of Income over Expenditure 23 11 5 £ 120S 1 0 Excess of Income over Expenditure, 1S88 . 23 11 5 Balance in hands of Treasurer 31st December, 1887 . S 6 0 £31 17 5 £31 17 5 EDWIN GRAY, Hon. Treasurer. YTork, 4th February, 1889. Audited and found correct, J. A. CUNNINGHAME. DONATIONS TO THE MUSEUM & LIBEAEY. LIBRARY. Books Presented. The Journal of the Chemical Society, \ vol. liii., 1888, and Abstracts . . j The Memoirs of the Geological Survey of\ India “Pakeontologia Indica,” series x. vol. iv., part 3, and series xii. Memoirs, vol. xxiv. part 1 . . . The Records of the Geological Survey of India, vol. xx., part 4, vol. xxi., parts 1,2,3 . . . . A Manual of the Geology of India, part iv., Mineralogy Mallet . . The Catalogue of Birds, vols. xii. & xiv. Fossil Mammalia, pt. 5 Donors. The Societv. The Indian Government ,, ,, ,, The Trustees of the British Museum. Reptilia and Amphibia, part 1 . Guide to the Shell and Starfish Galleries j of the British Museum .... . f The Report of the British Association . for the advancement of Science, ! The British Association Manchester, 1887 . ) The Annual Report of the Smithsonian >. Institution for 1885, part ii . Perforated Stones from California, by H. W. Henshaw . Work in the Mourn Exploration of the Bureau of Ethnology, by Cyrus Thomas . The use of gold and other metals among the ancient inhabitants of Chiriqui, Isthmus of Darien, by W. II . Holmes Bibliography of the Siouan Languages and Eskimo Languages, by J. Con¬ stantine Pilling . J The Transactions of the New York Academy of Sciences, vol. iv., vol. v., parts 1 to 8, vol. vi., vii., parts 1 to 8 The Institution. The Academy. 26 Books Presented. Donors. Bulletin of the American Geographical , Society, vol. xix., No. 4 and supplement, ( The Society. yoL xx., Nos. 1, 2, 3 . ) The Proceedings of the Manchester Literary and Philosophical Society, vols. xxv. & xxvi . j The Society. Memoirs, vol. x. third series, and vol. i. fourth series . . A Monograph of the British Jurassic Gasteropoda, parts l & ii., by W. H. } The Author. Iludleston, M.A., F.E.S . The Transactions of the Eoyal Society of Edinburgh, vol. xxx. part iv., vol. xxxi., ! vol. xxxii. parts ii., iii., iv., vol. xxxiii. J The Society, parts i., ii. Proceedings, vols. xii., xiii., xiv . . . The Association. The Society. The Society. The Society. The Society. The Proceedings of the Geologists’ Asso- ^ ciation, vol. x., Nos. 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 . . j The Transactions of the Yorkshire Natur- ) alists’ Union, parts 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 9 . . j The Transactions of the Edinburgh Geo- \ logical Society, vol. v., part iv . j The Transactions of the Zoological Society 1 of London, vol. xii., part vii . j The Transactions of the Natural History Society of Northumberland, Durham, and Newcastle-upon-Tyne, vol. ix., part ii . . . The Transactions of the Leicester Literary and Philosophical Society, new quar- J The ’Society, terly series, parts 4, 7, 8, 9, 1888 .... Meteorological Observations at Stations\ of the 2nd order, 1883 & 1884 . Contributions to our Knowledge of the Meteorology of the Arctic Eegions . . The Atlantic Weather Charts. . . The Eeport of the Meteorological Council to the Eoyal Society for the year ending 31st March, 1887 . The Hourly Headings, Quarterly, Month¬ ly, Weekly, and Daily Weather Eeports published by the Meteorological Society during 1888 . . . . . . The Meteorological Society. Books Presented. Donors. \ The Society. The Proceedings of the Russian Geologi¬ cal Society, vol. iv., vol. v., part ii., iii. , yoI. vi., parts i., ii., vol. vii. parts i. , ii. The Bulletin, vol. vi., Nos. xi., xii., vol. vii., Nos. i., ii., iii., iv., v., with supple¬ ment . The Transactions of the Naturalists’ Society of Kieff, Russia, vol. ix.. Nos. ) The Society. 1,2 Inventaire General des Richesses D’Art \ The French Govern - de la France, 1888 . J ment. Bulletin des Proces-Yerbaux de la Soeiete \ d’emulation d’ Abbeville, 1 part, 1886-7 ! The Society. Memoirs, 3e serie, 4e vol . J Mittheilungen des Vereins fiir Erdkunde ) zu Leipzig, 1886, 3 parts . . ) Mittheilungen der Leop : Akademic. Die\ Schutzeienrichtungen der Laubknospen dicotyler Laubbaume. Mit 2 tafeln, Nr. i i • t> T7~ . • The Academy, xiv. — xivi. Beitrag zur Kenntmss des / Pferdegebisses. Mit 8, Tafeln Nr. ix. — xvi . . . . The Society. Bergens Museums Aarsberetning for 1887 The Director, Bergen Museum. Annalen des K. K. Naturhistorischen \ Hofmuseums, by Franz Ritter Yon f The Author. Hauer . \ Atti della Reale Accademia Dei Lincei, vol. iii., Nos. 6, 8, 9, 10, 11, vol. iv., j Nos. 1 to 13, vol. vi., No. 4, and parts j The Academy. 284, 285 . J Bollettino delle Pubblicazioni Italiane, ) Nos. 49 to 71 . j The Proceedings of the Bristol Naturalists’ \ Society, new series, vol. v., part iii., ( 1887-8, with List of Officers & Members j The Report and Proceedings of the Belfast \ Natural History and Philosophical > Society, 1887-8 . ) The Calendar of the Yorkshire College, ^ Leeds, Fifteenth Session, 1888-9 . . . . j The Council. The Society. The Society. The Council. 28 Books Presented. Donors. Synopsis of the British Diatomaeeee ) (2 vols.) by the Kev. W. Smith . j H. E. Spencer, Esq. The Autobiography of George Harris, | The Author and Dr. LL.D., P.S.A . j Bichardson. The Story of the De La Poles, by ) The Hull Literary J. Travis-Cook, P.E.H.S . j Club. The Proceedings of the Warwickshire j Naturalists’ and Archaeologists’ Field 's The Club. Club, 1887 . ; . ) Compilation of Notes and Memoranda bearing upon the use of Human Ordure and Human Urine, by John G. Bourke, Captain 3rd Cavalry, U. S. Army .... The Annual Report of the Leeds Literary and Philosophical Society, 1887-8 .... The Transactions of the Manchester Microscopical Society, 1887 . The Transactions of the Leeds Geological Association, part iii., 1886-7 . The Author. The Society. The Society. The Association. The Proceedings of the Berwickshire \ Natualists’ Club, vol. iv., Nos. 5, 6 . . j Suggestions for an International Nomen- \ clature of Clouds, by the Hon. Ralph \ The Author. Abercrombv, F.R.M.S . J A Pamphlet on the Discovery of a Hoard \ of Roman Coins at Springhead, Kent, ! The Author. by C. Roach Smith, F.S.A . ) Annual Report and Proceedings of the . Liverpool Science Students’ Association ( The Association. 1887-8 ) The Cause of Light and the Planets upon \ Cardioides, bytheRev.G. T. Carruthers, \ The Author. M.A., Chaplain of Subathu, India. . . . ) The Fourth Annual Report of the Malton j Societ r Field Naturalists’ Society, 1886-7 . . . . j ^ Synopsis of an arrangement of inverte- \ brate animals in the Free Public / ^ Museum of Liverpool, and five other ' ’ ^ pamphlets . . . . 29 Books Presented. Donors. Two Deports of the Vivisection Society . . Two copies and four reprints from the Zoophilist . . The Twenty-second Annual Deport of the Wood wardian Museum and Lecture Doom Syndicate, 1887 . The Wesley Naturalists’ Monthly Journal vol. ii., No. 21 . . The Dev. F. 0. Morris. Prof. Hughes. The Editor. -o- REED REFERENCE LIBRARY. BOOKS ADDED TO THE DEFEDENOE LIBDADY, 1888. 1852 — Prodrome de Paleontolo°;ie Strati- grapliique Universelle, 3 vols., Par M. Alcide D’Orbigny . 1880-84- -The Geological Decord, vol. i. 1880 — Manual of the Mollusca, by S. P. Woodward, with an Appendix by Dalph Pate, 4th Edition . . 1888 — Darwin (Charles) The Origin of Species, 2 vols . 1888 — The Building of the British Isles, Jukes Browne (A. J.) . . . 1888 — The Geological Magazine . The Challenger Deports, vols. xxiii., xxiv., and one of Plates., vols. xxv., xxvi., xxvii. . . ...... . . 1888 — Sherborn (Chas. Davies), F.G.S. A Bibliography of the Foraminifera Decent and Fossil . 1888 — Etheridge (Dobert, F.D.S.) . . Fossils of the British Islands, strati- graphically and zoologically arranged, vol. i. Palaeozoic, comprising the Cambrian, Silurian, Carboniferous, and Permian Species, with supplement brought down to 1886, 4to . W. Deed, Esq., F.G.S. 80 Donors. ) W. Eeed, Esc^., F.G.S. / GEOLOGICAL DEPARTMENT. A fine series of bones of Elephant, &c., \ from the Forest Bed, dredged off the j J. Backhouse, Esq. Norfolk Coast . . ) 80 Specimens of Fossils from the Lias of j South Petherton, and Sandford Orcas, > W. Eeed, Esq., F.G.S. Somersetshire . J A series of Terebratula, &c., from the\ London Clay of Portsmouth Dockyard. t/ V A Specimen of Rhynclionella lacunosa from the Oxorclian of Mount Hermon, Syria A Specimen of Productus from the Carboniferous Limestone of Kalabagh, Afghanistan . \ 3 Specimens of Terebratula Diitempleana / J. F. Walker, Esq., M. A. from the Eed Chalk, Earthquake Pit, N. Grimston . j 9 Species of Brachiopoda from the Lower Oolite Sands, Dorset. . . A Specimen of Anancliytes ovaius from the Chalk of Margate . . . j Deer Bones from the Holderness . A series of Fossils from various formations Dr. Dunhill. A small collection of Fossils . . i Hatfeild, Esq., I Thorp arch Hall. Peat at Owthorne, Dr. xlllen. 1878— Chirnmo (Capt. Wm,) and Peeve (Lovell) . . . Natural History of the Eupledella asperg ilium “Venus’s Flower-basket,” with coloured Plates . . 1881 — Westlake (E.), F.G.S., Tabular Index to the Upper Cretaceous Fossils of England and Ireland, cited by Dr. Charles Barrois, with localities ...... MUSEUM. 31 MINERALOGY. Donors. A Collection of Minerals from the Lead \ j J . jDclCJlIlOUSG. iLSCI . Mines of Teesdale . J ’ 1 8 Specimens of Basalt . | J. Hatfeild, Esq., A Collection of Bocks and Minerals , . . . ) Tkorparch Hall. ZOOLOGY AND COMPARATIVE ANATOMY. A. Ball, Esq. W. Storr Fox, Esq. 7 specimens of Becent Crabs and a specimen of JEuplectella aspergillum .... Some Skins of Foreign Birds and Snakes Miss Williamson. A Collection of Becent Shells from ) The Bev. W. C. Hey, New Zealand . J M.A. A specimen of Becent Coral . ... Mrs. W. F. Stubbs. A collection of British Birds’ Eggs .... Major Barstow. A clutch of Eggs of the Bing-Ousel from the Moors near Sheffield . Nuthatch (Yorkshire) . . Mr. Lambert. Bing-Ousel . . Pair of Golden Plover and a Dunlin, shot - and presented by . . . j Bulver’s Petrel (Yorkshire) . . I 3 Fork-tailed Petrels from St. Hilda. ... I* Backhouse, Junr., 2 Turtle Doves, shot respectively at Spurn Point and Church Fenton . Missel Thrush (young) . Bullfinch, shot and presented by . , F.Z.S. ANTIQUITIES. Old Silver and Copper Coins . Mr. W. Hall, De Grey St. An old English Puzzle Jug . . . A. Ball, Esq. A pair of Ancient Spectacles and an old \ The Bev. Canon Barnes Pipe found in Birkin Church ........ ^ Lawrence. Ancient Brick from Babylon, bearing the \ cartouche or seal of the Great Nebu- \ J. W. Barnes, Esq., cliadnezzar . . . ] Durham. / An old Worked Bag and a Silver Thimble Miss Williamson. A series of Burmese Books . . J. Hatfeild, Esq. An old Wooden Water-pipe (period 1680 j York New Waterworks to 1800) found in Walmgate . j Company. A few American Flint Implements . j ^St^Saviour^ate 32 BOTANY. Doxons. A small collection of dried Plants . A. Ball, Esq. A Specimen, “ Impatiens parvi-flora” from j ^ Matterson Kirkcudbrightshire . ' - o - APPARATUS, &c. A small flat case to exliibit . Specimens j which have been presented to the ) Wm. Peed, F.G-.S. Society in . . . j — o - SERIAL WORKS SUBSCRIBED FOR. Natural History of the Tineina, by H. T. Stanton, P.P.S. Nautical Almanack. Proceedings of the Zoological Society. Publications of the Palseontographical Society. ,, ,, Pay Society. Sowerby’s Thesaurus Conchy liorum. Annals and Magazine of Natural History. Geological Magazine. Journal of the British Archaeological Association. Numismatic Chronicle. Memoirs de la Societie Paleontologicjue Suisse. D’Orbigny’s Paleontologie Francaise. Geological Pecord. Nature. Publications of the Surtees Society. Hardwicke’s “ Science Gossip.” The Yorkshire Archaeological Journal. COMMUNICATIONS TO THE M ONTHLY MEETINGS or THE YORKSHIRE PHILOSOPHICAL SOCIETY, 1888. - John Francis Walker, M.A., F.B.S., “ On the occurrence of Ananchytcs oral us in the Margate Chalk.” Ananchytes ovcdus , also called Echinocorys vulgaris , is one of the commonest fossils of the “ Upper Chalk with flints.” The importance of this specimen consists in its having been obtained from the Margate Chalk (with very few flints). The classification of the Chalk from the Isle of Thanet to Folkestone, is as follows Chalk with very few flints — 80 feet, Margate. Chalk with many flints — 350 feet, Broadstairs to Dover. Chalk without flints — 270 feet, Dover. Chalk Marl — 70 feet. The Margate Chalk appeared to contain very few fossils. An excavation was made for drainage purposes in the West Cliff, beyond the Hospital at Margate, and the specimen presented was brought up from a depth of 30 feet. The cliff, at this point, is about 40 feet in height. Several specimens of Ananchytes were found, mostly broken, and a few imperfect specimens of Micrcister coranguinum. This would indicate that these species extended into the “ chalk with few flints,” and that the presence or absence of flints did not show a Palaeontological horizon. This appears to be also the case in the Yorkshire Chalk. John Francis Walker, M.A., F.D.S., “ On Terebratula bisinuata (Lamark),” from the London Clay of Hampshire. This species wras one of the rarest of British Tertiary Bracliiopoda. Dr. Davidson states in his supplement that only two well-authenticated British examples are known, one in the collection of Mr. Cunningham, the other in the collection of J. F. Walker, both of which wTere found in the Eocene clay of Barton Cliff in Hampshire. The species is equally rare in Belgium, only two examples having being found in the Sables Laekeniens Inferieur, which is said to be of the age of the Barton clay. It is more abundant in the Paris basin, occurring in the Lower and Middle Calcaire Drossier in several localities. Last year a large number of this shell was obtained from a railway cutting at Catisfield, near Fareham, in Ilamp- 36 shire, the age of the bed is stated to he London clay, having a Bracklesham facies like the London clay which occurs at Portsmouth. The Terebratula were found in masses, a number of specimens have been sent to me by Mr. Elwes. The shells are very thin and easily separate from the sandy clay with which thej^ are filled, so they require to be hardened. The French specimens are also very fragile. This species was described bj^ Valenciennes in Lamark’s “ Animaux sans Vertebres ” as an ovate shell, depressed, smooth, fragile, front margin biplicated, beak not incurved. The Catis- field specimens are dark coloured and appear to be larger and more globose than the French species, but a series of French specimens would be required before it could be determined whether it was advisable to give them a varietal name. Mr. Elwes has fortunately been able to expose the loop, which is short and simple. The shell structure shows the usual perforations, which are large and numerous. The rarity of brachiopoda in the English Tertiary beds is remarkable. It may be due to the want of sheltered habitations, as, according to Dr. Davidson, they live at depths from half tide-mark to 2600 fathoms, and are found in tropical and polar seas, so that it cannot be on account of either depth of water or climate. Terebratula abound among the coral reefs, and in rocky places which are not exposed to rough tidal action. The conditions under which the Eocene deposits of England were formed would be unfavourable to the growth and preservation of brachiopoda, as Lyell says “No formations can be more dissimilar, on the whole, in mineral character, than the Eocene deposits of England and Paris, those of our own island being almost exclusively of mechanical origin ; accumulations of mud, sand, and pebbles : while in the neighbourhood of Paris we find a great succession of strata composed of limestones, some of them siliceous, and of crystalline gypsum, and siliceous sandstone, and sometimes of puie flint used for millstones. ” Some of these conditions would be favourable for the develop¬ ment of brachiopoda. It may be that Catisfield was protected from strong tidal action during the deposition of the London clay, and this would account for the abundance of Terebratula bmnuata in that locality. “ On Oolitic John Francis Walker, M.A., F.Gr.S., Bracliiopoda new to Yorkshire.” Mr. Fox Strangways having asked me to revise the list of Yorkshire Jurassic Brachipods, I thought it might he useful to the Members of the Yorkshire Philosophical Society to give a brief account of the Oolitic species not recorded by W. H. Hudleston and myself in our joint paper, “ Yorkshire Philo¬ sophical Report, 1876.” A supplement to Davidson’s Jurassic Bracliiopoda, in which the species will be fully described and figured, is being prepared by Mr. S. S. Buckman and myself. (1) I) is cina Humph resian a, Sowerby. Three specimens of this species, found in the Kimmeridge clay of At alt on, were sent to me by Mr. S. Chadwick to be determined. This species appears to be rare. The smooth variety was separated by Blake as D. elcvata. (2) Rhynchonella subvariabilis ? A few broken specimens, found by Mr. S. Chadwick in the Kimmeridge clay of Malton, probably belong to this species. (3) Terebratula RepeUniana , d’Orb. Mr. Chadwick found six specimens of this shell in the Coral rag of Helmsley. D’Orbigny thus describes the shell — Magnificent oblong species, having the extremity of the larger valve produced to a long beak. It occurs in France along with T. ins ignis, which species occurs at Helmsley. T. RepeUniana is nearly allied to Terebratula Moravia , docker. (4) Rhynchonella spinulosa var Filey ensis W. and B. Lower Calcareous grit passage bed, Filey (see paper by Walker and Buckman on Spinose Rhynchonella). (5) Waldheimia Gcsneri, Etalon. Coral rag, Langton Wold, Malton (see Report of Yorkshire Philosophical Society for 1887.) (6) Waldheimia Margarita, Oppel, Coral rag, Seamer. (7) Waldheimia bolonicnsis , Sauvage and Rigaux, Coral rag, Malton; specimen in the Leekenby collection, Woodwardian Museum, Cambridge. (8) Waldheimia Rudleri, new species, Walker and Buckman. Shell oval, nearly as wide as long, beak ridges, sharply defined, beak incurved and truncated by a small foramen, both valves moderately convex, front margin not plicated, surface of the 38 valves smooth. A line on the dorsal valve indicated that the loop is long ; length 1 inch ; width 9 lines ; depth 6 lines. In shape, this shell somewhat resembles young specimens of Terebratula intermedia , from which it differs by the form of the beak, etc. A specimen of this shell was found by myself, in the passage bed of the Lower Calcareous grit of Suffield Heights, near Scarborough. (9) Thecidcum triangulare, van. I have found several specimens of a small Thecideum attached to specimens of Waldheimia JTudlcstoni, and other shells in the passage bed of the Lower Calcareous grit of Suffield Heights. This shell appears to have a wide range. According to Davidson it occurs in the Lias and Inferior Oolite, and in the Coral rag. O ( i 0) Waldheimia ornithocephala (Sowerby) . Specimens of this species have been found in the Kelloway rock, in a railway cutting of the Hull and Barnsley Railway at Drewton, near Cave. These specimens are flat, and resemble those found at Kelloways, Wiltshire. They differ from the more convex variety, Waldheimia iimbonella, which occurs in the Kelloway rock of the Castle Hill, Scarborough, and in Cayton Bay, Yorkshire coast. (11) Waldheimia ohovata (Sowerby). Typical specimens of this species occur in the Cornbrash on the North side of Scarborough, and also in Cayton Bay. The Cornbrash of this district is a dark blue colour. Waldheimia ohovata var Siddingtonensis , Walker. An elongated, narrow variety ; it occurs in the Cornbrash of Scarborough. It has been sometimes mistaken for W. digona. Waldheimia ohovata var Stiltonensis, Walker. This variety,, which occurs in the Cornbrash of Scarborough, has been confounded with Waldheimia hucculenta. (12) Rhynehonella suhtetrahedra, Davidson. In the York Museum there is a specimen of this species from the Scarborough Limestone, near Scarborough. (13) Waldheimia Strangwaysi, Walker and Buckman. A small ovoid shell found in the Dogger of the Peak, Yorkshire coast. (14) Terebratula clecipiens var , Chadwichi — Walker, and Buck man. A long globose Terebratula , belonging to the sjjhoer old alls group, from the Dogger of Beak, Yorkshire coast, where it was found by S. Chadwick, F.G.S. (15) Terebrafula trilineata , Young and Bird. Several specimens, with the test preserved, have been found by Mr. S. Chadwick, in the Dogger of the Peak, Yorkshire coast. This shell requires careful study. (16) Mr. E. T. Newton, F.Gr.S., sent me for determination a terebratula, which had been found by the Geological Survey at Silpho near Hackness, Scarbro’, from the Middle Calcareous Grit. The specimen is a crushed internal cast, but I have been able to determine it as Terebrafula bisuffarcinata , Zieten. This species is very variable in shape. It has a large foramen, and the internal cast shows that if had a short loop, the front had a wide fold, which in this specimen has been nearly obliterated by pressure. It is new to Yorkshire, but has been found in the zone of Ammonites perarmatus at Braambury Hill, Sutherlandshire, Scotland. It is a common fossil in the Weisser Jura of Germany. Mr. Fox-Strangways. F.G.S., sent me the following note ■ “ The Terebratula mentioned was from the Middle Calcareous Grit , and consequently I should be inclined to refer it to the zone of Ammonites plicatilis , although these sandy beds contain so poor a fauna that there is not much evidence as to what they should be referred, Mr. Hudleston is inclined to place the topmost band of the Lower Limestones in this zone, and consequently these beds which lie above it must also be referred there.’ ’ The total number of species and named varieties of Oolitic Brachiopoda, which occur in Yorkshire, is 43 ; of which 9 occur in the Dogger beds of the Inferior Oolite ; 4 in the Millepore series and its inland equivalents ; 2 in the Scarbro’ Limestone ; 7 in the Cornbrash and Avicula shales ; 3 in the Kelloway Bock ; 2 in the Oxford clay ; 8 in the Lower Calcareous grit and Passage beds ; 1 in the Coralline Oolite ; 5 in the Coral rag ; and 5 in the Kimmeridge clay. The number of species in each genus is : Lingula , 2 species ; Discina , 3; Thecidtum , 1; Terebratula , 10; Waldheimia , 15 ; Rhynchonella , 19 6 w • 40 \Cbi3 gSpuaniuii^j •spoq 9uqpEJ09-'Bjdng • • • • • • iiu 03 ••• * •spiioQ ouUlHJ03 • • • • • ■ • • • • • • . . • •spsq sSi3SS'ccj put? £}U0 SnO3JB0['B3 J3AV03 • ••••• • : * : : : : : * : * •.Cb!3 PJOJXQ • • _ • • •••• •• • ••• • • • • •• • •••• •• , •qoo^j; ABAVoqs^p • ••• •••• •• • ••• • • • • , • * - •so[Bqs vjnoiiiy pire qsB.1qu.103 • ••• • • • • 5fr iff • • ■9uo}S9uiiq; qSnoJoqjBDg ! * I I r : ; ; ; : ; \ \ * •soticqsotuq q03qiUBJ3 puB j[9A\qq yy gq} ‘siuapEAxnbo ptnqui sq puB sai-ias Siodaqi jy • • • • . • • • oq[o0 -TOU9J.UJ qo 9SBQ piIB spgq g-oBssB^ ‘jrgSoQ PUB spilBg S9q.V \Y 9111 3 Khvnclionellii subtetrahedra, ON THE kSPINOSE RHYNCHONELLiE (Genus AC ANTHOTH IBIS, d’Orbigny), found in England, by S. S. Buckman, F.G.S., and John Francis Walker, M.A., F.G.S. ; read before tbe Yorkshire Philosophical Society, December, 1888. In this paper we propose to give an account of — I. The separation of the genus Acanthothyris from Rhynchonella. II. The chief literature relating to the Spinose Rhynchon- ellce (. Acanthothyris .) III. The species and varieties of Acanthothyris which we find to occur in England, with their geological and geographical distribution. Paut I. The genus Rhynchonella was founded by Fischer, in 1809, (Notice des Foss, du Gouv. de Moscow). His type was Rhynchonella loxice from the Oxfordian near Moscow ; but for some time afterwards these shells were retained in the genus Terebratula. von Buch, in his classification and description of the Tere¬ bratulce fUeber die Terebrateln, 1834, and in Soc. Geol., France, Tom 3, 1838 J divides the Terebratulce into Rlicatce and Non-plicatas ; while he subdivides his Rlicatce into — I. Rlicosce. II. Dichotomce. The last division includes several now recognised as genera, namely, Terebratulina , Terebratella , Eudesia , Rhychenella pars , Terebrirostra , Uncites , Atrypa , and probably several others. Among the species of Dichotomce , we find Terebratula spinosa, and Terebratula senticosa. Quenstedt (Petrefakten Kunde, 1867,) divides Terebratula into— -(I) Terebratulce bicornes. (2) Terebratulce calcispirce . (3) Terebratulce annuliferce. (4) Terebratulce loricatce. (5) Terebratulce cinctce. (6) Terebratulce impressce. (7) Tere¬ bratulce nucleates. (8) Terebratulce biplicatce. (9) Terebratulce spiriferince. The first group, T. bicornes , he subdivides into Rlicosce RhychonelUclce , in which he places Terebratula spinosa ; and into Rentamerus , Uncites and Strigocephalus. 42 Several Palaeontologists have proposed to divide the Rhyn - chonellce into genera, or sub-genera. In 1847, d’Orbigny (Paleontologie Francaise, Terrains Cretaees, Tome iv., page 12, 18 ±7,) gives the following subdivision of {)iq Rhychoneliidce Hemithiris , d’Orbigny ; Rhynchonella , Fischer ; Striyocephalus , Defrance ; Rorambonites, Pander. D'Orbigny thus defines Hemithiris — “ Overture contigue a la charniere, point d’area, sommet entier.” D’Orbigny, (Pal. Franc., Cret., Tome iv, page 342, probably published later than 1847), again gives a definition of Hemi¬ thiris , and proposes to divide it into two genera, reserving the name Hemithiris for the species with fibrous texture, without pores or external spines; and Acanthothiris for species with spines “ Aux especes egalement de contextures fibreuses, mais pourvues d’epines perforees eparses ou par ligns, nous les nom- ruerons Acanthothiris. Nousy placons les Acanthothiris spinosa, d’Orb. et costata , d’Orb. de l’etage bajocien, et senticosa d’Orb. de l’etage oxforclien ; inscrites dans notre Prodrome sous le nom d ’Hemithiris.” McCoy (Paleozoic Fossils, 1855, page 199) divides the Rhynchonellidce into (1) Hemithiris , d’Orb. (2) Rhynchonella , Fischer; (3) Strigocephalus, Defrance ; (4) Rentamerus, Sowerby ; (5) Camarophoria, King. He thus describes the Grenus Hemithiris, “ General Character : — Foramen triangular not separated from the hinge, beak acute, pointed, entire, no cardinal area; entering valve with a small mesial septum ; apothysis short, arched, triangular, with small dental lamellce ; two strong diverging cardinal teeth bordering the opening in the larger valve, supported by dental lamellse extending to the surface of the valve (Type, Terebratula psittacea). “ The internal dental lamellae in the beak of receiving valve leave two diverging slits in the cast of the fossil shell.” Both Dr. Waagen and M. Oehlert, are in favour of retaining Acanthothyris as a distinct genus ; and we are certainly inclined to divide the Jurassic Rhynchonellce into genera or sub-genera, Acanthothyris being one. The genus Rhynchonella has a long range in geological time, being found in nearly all formations from the Silurian upwards. Seven species are in existence at the present time. 43 The genus Accinthothyris appears in the lower beds of the Inferior Oolite, and extends up to the Middle Oolites ; it has not yet been found in the Cretaceous or Tertiary strata, but a living spinose Rhynchonella ( Rhynchonella Doderleini ), has been described by the late Thomas Davidson, and published after his death. (Annals. Natural History, January, 1886.) The Jurassic Rhynchonella) can readily be divided into several groups which are found to carry on, as they ascend, each their own course of development side by side. Roughly speaking, these groups are as follows : — ■ (1) The Lncunoso- group. (2) The Tetrahedra-gi'oii]). (3) The Concinna-giowp. (4) The Varians- gron-p. (5) The Obsokta-gvowp. (6) The Acuta-growg. (7) The Ri/nosa-gvoiig. (8) The Sjjinosa-gYou p. The relations of these groups to each other, and the division of the genus Rhynchonella into genera or sub-genera, we propose to discuss in a future paper. Part II. The Spinosa-gioiig (Genus Accinthothyris cl’Orb) with which we are only concerned in this paper, is distinguished from all others by the presence of spines upon the valves. The type species of this group is Acanthothyris spinosa , of which the following is the history, along with that of Acanthothyris senticosa. It is necessary to consider these species together to avoid repetition. A spinose Rhynchonella was figured by Knorr and Walch (Lapides Diluvii Testes, French translation (Description des Cocjuilles et Autres Corps Petrifies, 1768, Yol.n., Section 1., Plate B iv., figure 4.) The figure is very good, and represents a large-sized Rhynchonella spinosa. At page 77 they give the following description of the figure, N 4. — “Monsr. Prof, le d’AxNOME nous donne la description suivante de cette coquille : C’est la Petrifaction d’une Concha anomia ventricosa , striata echinata , je ne la trouve pas dans Linnaeus, & je le nomme 44 eclnnata , puis-que toute 1’ ecaille en est garnie de petits piqnans. Elle est de Muttenz & se trouve asses rarement.” Linmeus, 1788, (Systema Naturae,) Yol. i. part vi., at page 3,346, gives “ (Anomia) spinosa 29, A. testa spinis longitudine testae. Habitat - hactenus modo fossilis re pert a in Anglia. Solander.” If this fossil is Rhynchonella spinosa, then Linnaeus has priority over Schlotheim. Mr. E. T. Newton, F.GKS., kindly offered to make inquiries at the Linnean Society, and sent us the following communica¬ tion : — Be Rhynchonella (Anomin) spinosa. I have looked through the portion of the Linnseus collection likely to contain the Rhynchonella ( Anomia ) spinosa, hut it is not there. The account of the Linnaeus collection by Sylvanus Hanley, — “ IpsaLinnaei Conchylea,” 1855, page 135, alludes to Anomia spinosa (see below) ; and the copy of this book in the Linnean Society has been marked to show the specimens known to be in the collection, but there is no mark against Anomia spinosa. “ ANOMIA SPINOSA.” “ Not being sufficiently conversant with fossil species, I have “ sought the aid of our highest authorities on the subject. Mr. “ Davidson, who in knowledge of the Brachiopods is second “ to no man breathing, has thus succinctly answered my “ inquiries. ‘ I believe, from the very vague data given by “ Linnaeus, that the Rhynchonella spinosa (Knorr Lap. Diluvii, “ plate B 4, figure 4) was the species he designed. For it is a “ common English Oolitic fossil, which answers to the spinis “ longitudine testae, and has been figured by Walch (1768), “ Walcott (1799), and eventually as Terebratulites spinosus, by “ Schlotheim, in 1813.’ We have been unable to obtain any further information, but there is no doubt that Anomia spinosa was considered to be the shell now called Rhynchonella spinosa. John Walcott, (Descriptions and figures of Petrifactions found in the quarries, gravel pits, etc., near Bath, 1799,) gives (on page 21) the following description of his figure xxxi. — “ Bibs smaller and more numerous than the last; the edge of the ribs is armed with rows of short spines, found without the spines upon the ploughed fields, with the spines when lodged in free stone.” He refers his figures from xxv.* to xxxiv., to Anomia , which he defines as Bivalves ; with unequal valves, and never eared. The beak of the largest or under valve is greatly produced, and rises or curves over the beak of the smaller or upper valve ; and is perforated or pierced through like a tube. Figure 34 is Gryphea incur va, the others are all Brachiopods. Walcott gives no names to his fossils. The Lev, Joseph Townsend, (Character of Moses, Yol. i., 1813,) page 372, states, concerning the Inferior-Oolite and its fossils — “ This rock is likewise distinguished by its shingle of white quartz, and by Anomia spinosa , Linneei, or anomia vcntricosa striata echinata of Knorr, who has left us an excellent figure of this shell in the fourth book of the second part of his valuable work.” Townsend appears to be the first person who gave the name of “Inferior Oolite” to this rock; (page 105.) “West of Winsley, near Stoke bridge, in the canal, we first meet with the Inferior Oolite, commonly called bastard freestone, which near Bath is unfit for use because it is soft and abounds in vacuities, although in other districts, as at Bainswick, it yields some beds of most perfect freestone. It everywhere reclines on calcareous sand, which is used by our cooks at Bath to sand their kitchens, and is procured for them on the hills behind Camden Place and Sydney Gardens. It beds on blue marl in which are two rocks, one called Yeovil Marble, the other Marlstone.” Townsend does not seem to know that Walcott figured Rhyncliondla spinosa. von Sehlotlieim, (Beitrage zur Naturgeschichte cler Yer- steinerungen in geognosticher Hinsicht,) Yol. vn., Pt. j. Taschenbuch fur die gesammte Mineralogie von Dr. Carl Caesar Leonhard, 1813, page 73, gives the following reference : “ Yersteinerungen in Jurakalksteine ; Terebrat . spinosus , Knorr, P. ii., i., T.B. iv., figure 4. Basel. The following is a trans¬ lation of von Schlotheim’s description of T. scnticosus and T. spinosus , “ Die Petrefaetenkunde,” 1820, page 268, “ 30 Terebratulites sentieosus.” Partly in very complete examples, with perfectly preserved tests, from Grumbach, near Amberg, in the Pfalz, petrified in chert and probably belonging to the Jura formation (6 Ex.) 46 This very rare and remarkable Terebratulite now lately discovered, is of a tolerably narrow elliptical, almost pear-shaped form, it is not particularly thick, is regularly convex ( “gewolbt ”) with a fine, striped, shagreen-like surface, and on both valves the somewhat prominent rays (Streifungslinien) are covered with numerous small, sharp spines, by which this and spinosus may be distinguished from all other known species. It is very seldom found. Terebratul. spinosus, which is figured in Knorr P. 11, I. T. B. iv., figure 4, is likewise furnished with short spines, and constitutes a separate species, which is wanting in my collection.” von Schlotheim gives no locality for Terebratulites sjrinosus. It will be observed that Schlotheim considered T. senticosus and T. spinosus to be separate species, and that Davidson makes a mistake in stating that Schlotheim referred his T. senticosus to Knorr’s figure. Quenstedt considers that von Schlotheim’s T. senticosa came from the kieselhaltigen obern weissen Jura von Krumbach, as the specimens are said to be petrified in chert (Hornstein) ; and he states that the shell is very rare. (Die Brachiopoden, page 115.) But von Buch, says it occurs in the beds of the Inferior Oolite above the Lias, at Grumbach by Amberg. He gives the same horizon for T. spinosa. William Smith, (Stratigraphical System of Organized Fossils, 1817,) gives among those from the Under Oolite (page 108), Tcrebratula spinosa ; “ Circular, convex, with many roundish plaits set with long slender spines in quincuncial order ; middle of the front elevated in a large curve rounding into the sides ; beak small, incurved ; upper valve most convex. (Localities) Bath, Tucking Mill, Chipping Norton.” Bhynchonclla spinosa is thus described by Valenciennes in (Lamarck, Animaux sans Vertebres, 1819.) “ Tercbrafula spinosa. T. testaglobosa ; dilitata; sulcis parvis spinosis; nate brevissima acuta.” Lamarck’s three specimens have the following looality : — -Mortagne pres Alencon, Briere. Zieten (Yerstein : Wiirtemberg, 1832, Plate 44, fig. i., a — e naturliche Grosse, f — h vergrossert) gives as reference Tcre- bratulites spinosus, Schlotheim Petrefacten-kunde, page 269, and 1 Knorr, Plate n., B. iv., fig. 4,’ and states that the species occurs “ In den sandigen Lagen des untern Oolith mit 4r Belemnites Aalensis Yoltz, Ostracites crista- g alii ^ Schlotheim und Ostracises eduliformis , Schlotheim, am Stuifenberg.” Most foreign geologists, however, refer Zieten’s T. spinosus to T. senticosus , Schlot. von Buch. (Soc. Geol. France, Tome 3, 1838,) figures Terebratula senticosa , Plate xvi., figure 5, refers to Zieten, Wurtemb , Yerst , Plate 44, figure 1, and gives the following description (page 162) — “ Espece tres voisine de la T. spinosa , garnie comme elle, et aussi fortement qu’elle, d’epines pointues ; seulement sa forme aplatie et sa faible hauteur la font facilement distinguer comme espece particuliere.” He gives the locality “ Hans les couches jurassiques inferieures, au-dessus du lias a Grumbach pres Amberg.” It will be observed that this is the same locality as that given by von Schlotheim for his Tercbratulites senticosus : but von Buch’s figure does not represent the shell found in Somerset and Dorset. von Buch, page 161, Plate xvi., figure 4, gives a long description of Tercbratula spinosa , and refers to Knorr. He says that the shell is rather spherical and strongly convex, the width being always greater than the length ; and describes the curvature of the valves ; that the beak is recurved, the plaits bi¬ furcate, and are covered with little spines, &c. He states that this species abounds “ dans les couches jurassiques inferieures au-dessus du lias — Localities, Muttenz, in Basle ; Blomberg, near Furstenberg ; Wart enb erg ; at Schweins-Muhl, near Babenstein ; Kasendorf, near Thurmau ; Stuifenberg, near Goeppingen ; near Giengen. In great quantities near Yenne, at the north of the Osnabruck.” He gives several French localities, and says it occurs in England, in the Inferior Oolite of Dundry (in the Berlin Museum). The last statement is important, as showing that von Buch refers to the same species as that which we call R. spinosa in England. Phillips’ (Geology of Yorkshire, 1829,) figures Terebratula spinosa , Plate ix.? figure 18, page 151, from his Bath Oolite, which is now considered to be part of the Inferior Oolite. His figure is not good. Broun (Lethea geognostica, 1837,) page 296, describes Terebratula spinosa. His figure, Plate xviit., figure 2, is remarkably good, showing the raised mesial fold which 48 distinguishes this species from the Rhynchonella senticosa. He gives several localities. d’Orbigny, (Prodrome, 1850,) Terrains Jurassiques 10th Etage, gives Hemithiris spinosa, d’Orb. from Falaise, Port- en-Bessin, Moutiers, and Draguignan, in France. He does not describe this species, but refers to Phillips, pi. 9, fig. 18 ; Zieten, pi. 44, fig. 1 ; De Buch, 1834 ; Mem de la Soc., geol. 3, p. 161, pi. 16, fig. 4. Hemithiris codata d’Orb., “ Espece ornee d’une vingtaine de cotes anguleuses, sur le sommet desquelles sont des epines tubuleuses, comme celles de la H. spinosa. (Localities) Grueret, (Sarthe,) Port-en-Bessin. Also from his 13th Etage, he records Hemithiris senticosa , d’Orb. {Ter eh. senticosa Schloth, 21 senticosa He Buch. Terehratula spinosa Zieten, 1830. TFurt, pi. 44, fig. i., France, Chatel-bensoir, Grange- Che val, Apremont pres de Mantua, Tuzennecourt (Haute Marne). Germany, Grumbaeh pres d’Amberg.) He gives no description. It will be noticed that he follows von Buch, in referring Zieten’s figure of Terehratula spinosa to Hemithiris senticosa , although he had before referred it to his II. spinosa ; he gives von Schlotheim’s and von Buell’s German locality for his Hemithiris senticosa. W e now come to Davidson’s (t Oolitic and Liassic Brachiopoda Paleeontolgrapliical Society, 1851,” and find Rhynchonella spinosa and a so-called Rhynchonella senticosa , fully figured and described from the Inferior Oolite, Plate xv., figure 15 — 20 and 21, pages 71 — 74. It will afterwards be seen that we have had to give another specific name to the Rhynchonella senticosa figured here. Quenstedt (Der Jura, 1858, Table 58, figure 21 — 27, page 426) figures and describes several varieties of Terehratula spinosa ; but as only one view is given the figures are not sufficient. He however does not admit R. senticosa as an Inferior Oolite species, but says uYon Schlotheim’s senticosa rede ich hier noch nicht, da der Name auf eine Form des obern Weissen Jura angewendet ist,” He gives a much better figure in Petrefakten Eunde, Zweite Auflage, 1867, Table 46, figure 37. 49 In Ms magnificent work, (Die Bracliiopoden, 1871,” page 112, plate 39, figure 46- — 59 ; ) many varieties of Terebratula spinosa are well figured, viz. : from Braun, Jura, e, there is var. inflata , var. setosa,v(iY. myriacantha,Tj.T)esloYLg. (Bull.Soc. Normandie, 1858,) var. costata d’Orbigny, (Prodrome, Yol i., page 286) ; and from the Bradford Clay of Biedlingen, Terebratula spinosa sinuata. The variety, T. spinosa var myriacantha , E. Desl. appears to approach nearest to the so-called Rhynchonella senticosa of the Inferior Oolite of England, hut is much coarser ribbed. Quenstedt says “ Noch besser wiirde der Yarietatenname spinulosa dafiir passen.” He also says “ Spinosa setosa , (figure 56), aus dem mittlern braunen Jura von Aalen, voll mittelfeiner Bippen, hat Buch mit senticosa SchlctheinTs verwechselt.” All his varieties of Terebratula senticosa come from the Weiss Jura (Middle Oolite), viz. : — T. senticosa impresses T. senticosa alba , T. senticosa silicea. Oppel (Die Juraformation, 1856,) page 432, gives Rhynchonella spinosa , Schlotheim as occurring in the “ Unter Oolith ” (Bajocien, Inferior Oolite). He is doubtful whether Terebratula senticosa Schlot, and Terebratula senticosa von Buch, belong to this species. He considers Zieten’s figure 1, plate 44, Wurtemb. Yerst.,to belong to the true Rhynchonella spinosa, 1832, but von Buch refers this figure to Terebratula senticosa (Soc. Geol. France, Tome 3, page 162). Oppel, also, at page 608, states as occurring in the Oxford gruppe “ Rhynchonella spinulosa , N. sp. — Hcmithiris senticosa , d’Orb., 1850, Prodr. 13, 456 (Schloth. ?), non Davidson.” Braun (Mittlerer Jura), 1869, page 289, gives several localities in North Greimany for Rhynchonella spinosa. Davidson describes and figures Rhynchonella spinosa , and the so-called Rhynchonella senticosa, in his paper on the Brachiopoda of the Inferior Oolite of Bradford Abbas and its vicinity. — Proc. Dorset Club, Yol. i , 1878. He also gives some remarks about these species in his Suppl. Ool., Brack. Pal. Soc., 1878. Szajocha “Die Bracliiopoden Fauna der Oolithe von Balin bei Krakau, 1879,” gives an account of Rhynchonella spinosa, and says it is found at Balin in a good condition, and tolerably plentiful. He gives two gpod figures, Plate v., figures 17 — 18. 50 S. S. Buckman, in his paper, “ Brachiopoda of tlie Inferior Oolite. 55 Proc. Dorset Club, Yol. iv., 1882, carefully indicates the differences between the species R. spinosa and the so called R. senticosa , found in the Somerset and Dorset district. Haas and Petri. “ Die Brachiopoden der Juraforrnation yon Elsass Lotliringen,” 1882, page 222, state that the following species of the group of Rliynclionella spinosa occur in the Dogger : — Rliynclionella oligacantlia , Branco ; ITnterer Dogger/3, /I — 7; Rliynclionella Crossi — Walker, IJnterer Dogger, 7. and c ; Rliynclionella tenuispina , Waagen, IJnterer Dogger, 7. and e> ; Rliynclionella spinosa, Schlot, in the Qberer Dogger e; of the latter species they figure a young form from Wartenburg, near Muttenz, Basle, the locality given by Knorr ; also a long full-grown specimen from Metzerlen, Berner Jura, and a wide full-grown specimen from Pfirt, Ober-Elsass. According to Quenstedt, the Oberer Braun Jura, includes both the Parkinsoni- zone, and the Macroccphalus-zoncs. Part III. We have found that the following species and varieties of Acantliothyris occur in England. Acantliothyris spinosa (Linnceus).— Deferences to the papers have already been given in Part II. 1768— Anomia ventricosa striata echinata, Annome, in Knorr and Watch. P788 — Anomia spinosa, Linnoeus. 1813— Terebratulites spinosus, von Schlotheim. 1816 — Terebratula spinosa, Smith. 1819 — Terebratula spinosa, Lamarck. 1820 — Terebratula spinosa, von Schlotheim. 1834— Terebratula spinosa, von Buck. 1849 — Hemitliiris spinosa, d’Orbigny. Acantliothyris spinosa, d’Orbigny. 1851 — Rliynclionella spinosa, Davidson. HON Terebratula spinosa, Zieten. Acantliothyris spinosa, Linnaeus, occurs in England, in the Parlansoni-zone, where it is a common fossil, and presents us with numerous varieties. Pne ordinary form has two convex valves, the smaller valve being the most pronounced. Its width exceeds its length ; it has a small, hut wide, mesial fold, and the beak is very closely pressed down on the smaller valve. Dimensions are : length, 9, breadth, 10 J, depth, 6 lines. A more gibbous variety occurs at Broadwindsor, in which the mesial fold, though elevated, is very shallow; length, 11, breadth, 12, depth, 10 lines. Another variety is small, narrow without mesial fold, but very coarsely-ribbed; length, 7, breadth 7|, depth 5 lines. It occurs at Bradford Abbas. A broad variety possesses no actual fold, but an arching of the margin accompanying a slight convexity in the larger valve. Its dimensions are : length, 10}, breadth, 13 J, depth, 7\ lines. Localities, Bradford Abbas, and Broadwindsor. Yar. obornensis, Buckman and Walker. This variety is found very high in the Park insoni-zone, namely, in the almost unfossiliferous, sandy limestone, just north of Oborne village ; and it seems peculiar to that locality. It is distinguished by its flatness and very few' spines ; but some specimens are remarkable because they show a broad area along the margin of both valves, which is destitute of spines and ribs, and exhibits only numerous fine transverse lines. The geographical distribution of Acanthothyris spinosa and its varieties is practically co-extensive with the occurrence of the upper part of the Inferior Oolite — the Bajocien proper — in Dorset, Somerset, and Gloucestershire. Besides the places already mentioned, we have found it at Burton Bradstock, and its neighbourhood ; at Walditch, Yintney Cross, Chideock, and other places near Bridport ; at Stoke Knap, Broadwindsor, Bradford Abbas, Halfway House, and the quarries round Sher¬ borne in Dorset ; a.t Stoford, Milborne Wick, near Blackford, and in the neighbourhood of Castle Cary, at Midford, and at Dundry, in Somerset ; while in Gloucestershire it occurs along the whole range of the Cotteswold Hills, wherever the Upper Trigonia Grit is exposed. In Y orkshire, in the blue sandy limestone, a little above the Whitwell Oolite (upper part of Inferior Oolite), at Crambeek, near Castle Howard, we find a small globose variety, with a 52 well marked mesial fold of six or seven plaits. Unfortunately, most of the shells are very much crushed. Yar. powerstockensis, Buckman and Walker. A variety of Acanthothyris spinosa occurs at Eype, West Bay, Bridport, in the lower part of the Fullers Earth, and also in the same horizon in the railway-cutting near Powerstock Station, Dorset. These specimens are convex, with a wide ill- defined wave-like fold, forming a depression in the middle of the larger valve, and having fine numerous ribs well covered with spines. This shell is not uncommon, hut perfect specimens are rare. Acanthothyris spinosa occurs sparingly in the Fullers Earth rock of Whatley, near Erome, Somerset. We have not found any specimens of Acanthothyris in the Upper Fullers Earth. Acanthothyris paucispina, Buckman and Walker. 1882 ? Rhynchonella Crossi, Haas (non Walker F), Brack. Juraf., Abk. z. geoh, Spez. Karte v. Elsass-Lotkingen, Bd. ii., PI. vi., Fig. 5. Generally broader than long ; the imperforate valve strongly convex, ornamented with coarse ribs, bearing a few coarse spines. The mesial fold of four or five coarse ribs, and some¬ times very much elevated. The beak is small and fairly pressed down on the other valve. Its generally greater width, and the depressed character of the beak, separate it from the form figured in the above reference, to which, however, it bears much resemblance. It is much larger than Acanthothyris Crossi , Walker, possesses more ribs and a less elevated mesial fold. About the same size as Acanthothyris spinosa , it differs therefrom by its coarser ribs, fewer spines and more pronounced, more elevated mesial fold. The Sauzci-IIuniphrcsianiwi- zone, of Dundry, yields most specimens of this species ; it occurs at Oborne, in the Hum - phresianum- zone, but very rarely. In the Sauzei-zone of that locality it is generally very small, the mesial fold is scarcely developed, and the specimens are not characteristic. 53 In the Concarunn zone of Gorton Downs, occurs a small dwarf form. This is probably a forerunner of the above species, though it is not so coarsely ribbed. It possesses very few spines. Possibly it may be best distinguished by the varietal name cortonensis. Acanthothyris tenuispina (Waagen) P 1867. — Rhynchonella (. Ilemithyris ) tenuispina , Waagen, Zone Amm : Soicerbyi. Greogn : Pal. Beitrage, Bd. i., Heft, hi., PI. xxxii., Fig. 6. Certain specimens which occur in the Humphresianum- zone at Oborne, and at Louse Hill, are probably referable to this species, because they possess the numerous ribs and spines, and also the marked, raised mesial fold. They differ only from Waagen’s figure in being larger, and somewhat broader ; but the latter character is not invariable. From Acanthothyris spinosa they are separated by finer ribbing and more pronounced fold ; in fact, in general appearance they are like Acanthothyris panacanthina , but from this the fold separates them, while the valves are more convex. Acanthothyris panacanthina, Buckman and Walker. 1851 — Rhynchonella senticosa , Davidson, Oolite Brachiopoda, Pal. Society — Plate xv., figure 21, page 73. 1878 — Rhynchonella senticosa, Davidson, Proc. Dorset Club. Brachiopoda of Inferior Oolite — Plate iv., figure 20. 1883 — Rhynchonella senticosa, S. S. Buckman. Brachiopoda, Proc. Dorset Club. Also Rhynchonella senticosa, from the Inferior Oolite, of various English authors. NO !&-Terebratulites senticosus, von Schlotheim. Ter ebr alula senticosa, von Buch. Hemithiris senticosa, d’Orbigny. Acanthothiris senticosa, d’Orbigny. Terebratula senticosa, Quenstedt, and not the Rhynchonella senticosa from the Middle Oolites of foreign geologists. 54 The specimens found in England are very different from the shell figured by von Buell — to which reference lias already been made in Part II.’ — which is more like a young specimen of Acanthothyris sptinosa, being more coarsely ribbed and having fewer spines. The difference can be well seen by comparing his figure with those of Davidson, under a magni¬ fying lens. They also differ from the varieties of T. senticosa of Quenstedt, and from the specimens found in the Oxfoidien of France. So we have given the shell, found in the Inferior Oolite of England, the specific name, panacanthina . In shape it is very constant, and is a most easily recognised shell. Its fine, very numerous ribs and spines, its breadth, its small somewhat upraised beak, and its very inconspicuous mesial fold are most persistent characters which at once distinguish it from its ally, Acanthothyris spinosa. A specimen of Acan¬ thothyris panacanthina had 100 ribs on the lesser valve, and about 40 spines on each rib, thus it possessed at least 4,000 spines on each valve. This species appears to be confined to the district south of the Mendip Hills. It is a rare fossil, and it occurs only in the Parkinsoni- zone. It is, however, widely distributed, and has been obtained in Dorset, at Burton Bradstock, Broadwindsor, Clifton Maybank, Bradford Abbas, Halfway House, and Combe Quarry, near Sherborne. In Somerset, at Misterton, Haselbury, and at Crewkerne Station. There are two scarce little species which have been found in the Humphresianum- zone in the Sherborne district, namely, Phynchonella dundriensis, S. Buckman, and Rhynchonella dorsetensis , S. Buckman, which are extremely like Acan¬ thothyris senticosa in the general appearance of the test. S. S. Buckman, however, has carefully examined specimens under the microscope, and states that he has been able to detect nothing more than (in one or two specimens of Rhynchonella dorsetensis ) what appear to be very minute pimples on some of the ribs, and these only very occasionally. Still the position of these two species, with regard to the other groups of Jurassic Rhynchonella >, is a point by no means clear, and the resemblance of their fine-striated test to that of Acanthothyris panacanthina is certainly curious. 55 Acanthothyris Crossi, Walker. 1870 — Rhynchonella Crossi — J. F. Walker, on Secondary Species of Brachiopoda, Geological Magazine, Yol. vn., page 562, figure 9. 187 8— ’Rhynchonclla Crossi, Davidson, Suppl. Jurassic Brachio- poda, Pal. Soc., plate xxvn., figure 17, page 223. This species appears to be a characteristic Brachiopod of the Lincolnshire Limestone. It was first found by the Lev. J. E. Cross, M.A., F.G.S., at Appleby, near Brigg, Lincoln¬ shire, and by J. F. Walker, in the Lincolnshire Limestone at Brough, near Hull, Yorkshire. Professor Judd gives several localities for this species in his “ Geology of Rutlandshire.” Acanthothyris hradfordensis, Walker. 1878 — Rhynchonella spinosa , var. hradfordensis , Walker. — Davidson’s Jurassic Brachiopoda Pal. Soc. Sup., plate xxvn., figure 18 — 19, page 2.22. A small species resembling the young of Rhynchonella concinna , but covered with spines. It occurs rarely in the Bradford Clay, of Tetbury Load, near Cirencester, where it was found by J. F. Walker ; it has also been found by Professor II. G. Seeley, F.P.S., in the Bradford Clay of Bradford, Wiltshire. Acanthothyris senticosa (Schlotheim). Deferences are given in Part II. 1820 — Terehratulites senticosm , von Schlotheim. 1832 — Terebratula spinosa , Zieten P 1834 — Terebratula senticosa , von Buch. 1838 — Terebratula senticosa , von Buch. 1850 — Ilemithiris senticosa , d’Orbigny. Acanthothyris senticosa , d’Orbigny. 1856 — Rhynchonella spinulosa , Oppel. 1858 — Terebratula senticosa , Quenstedt. 1871— Terebratula senticosa , Quenstedt. 1883 — Rhynchonella senticosa , Engel. 56 And of various other foreign authors — NON Rhynchonella senticosa , Davidson. Rhynchonella senticosa , S. Buckman, and not the Rhynchonella senticosa , from the Inferior Oolite, of English authors. We have found the investigation of this species very difficult, it being almost impossible to obtain specimens from the localities mentioned by the various authors. We have already shown that the English Inferior- Oolite species is different to any of the varieties found "on the Continent. Quenstedt, having divided his T. senticosa into several varieties, we need not consider whether the shell figured by von Buch is the same as the Acanthothyris senticosa of d’Orbigny. Engel, “ Geognosticher Wegweiser durch Wurtemherg, 1883,” page 184, gives Rhynchonella senticosa alba , Quenstedt, = R. spinulosa , Oppel, from the Weiss Jura « Impressa-thon, and Rhynchonella senticosa silicea, Quenstedt, from Weiss J ura 6 Korallenkalk. Oppel, “ Die Jura formation,” page 608, gives the name spinulosa to d’Orbigny ’s species; hut Quenstedt proposes the name spinulosa for T. spinosa myriacantha , E. Deslongchamps. So to avoid confusion we designate the spinose Rhynchonella found in Yorkshire as : — - Acanthothyris senticosa, var. fileyensis, Buckman and Walker. Several years ago J. E. Walker found a small specimen of a spinose Rhynchonella in the passage beds of the Lower Cal¬ careous Grit of Eiley, on the Yorkshire coast. A larger specimen was afterwards given to him by Mr. Herries, hut it was unfortunately in a broken condition. Lately, several specimens have been found by S. Chadwick, F.GkS. They are covered with long spines which generally remain in the matrix when the fossil is extracted ; more perfect specimens are still required before this shell can he fully described. They appear to nearly resemble the Acanthothyris senticosa of d’Orbigny. The following table will show what species and varieties of Acanthothyris occur in the different Oolite strata of England. 57 :u'bi[ibjo3 •spaq 33bssb Q ft leH Q £ nj co ft t— i o w ft CO CO I— I pH w . H ta O ° w H Jz; Q So Q S5 D O fH ft £ <1 ft o £ w ^3 a ft s *1 ^Cq | co ft G co § »-< ^3 52 • C oq § ° |cq a „T - •es CO i— i _T rt> ^ • H O d 2 5 © 'ft CO o r G 4 G O ^3 a e . ■ o3 ,$» G ^ • r* .G ft ft -+J H*- G O ft^ co w l—S G G © +2 © © G .. ftft§ S I I .2 c3 fH > > !h P fH L>-- • ,-H £>~ G ei ft' ftft co cfl +j co +j O O O G G ft rH • pH ft ft G c3 - g ‘55 2 co G o ci Sh ftft CO CO CO £•§ ft c2 G © pH P-O rO qj co Cq G ci © J >-J G ft ft ft 52 -+-> -u -+j s 2 2 2-" ft ft ft -g +j +j -u G G G G © c3 ci cd co © © © . 58 “ On a Head of Hybodus Delabechei, associated with Dorsal Fin-spines, from the Lower Lias of Lyme Begis, Dorsetshire,” by A. Smith Woodward, F.GkS., F.Z.S. More than forty years ago, Sir Philip Egerton* made known the head of a fossil shark from the Wealden of the Isle of Wight, exhibiting most of the teeth in natural order in both jaws. These teeth displayed much less variation in form and characters than those of the predaceous sharks of the present day ; and, on the evidence of the dentition, the species wras assigned to Ilybodus, under the name of H. basanus. Several heads of the same kind have subsequently been discovered in the Wealden of Pevensey Bay, Sussex; and considerable information has thus been obtained concerning not only the dentition, but also the cranial cartilage itself, and the mandibular, hyoid, and branchial arches. f The teeth of th© Wealden shark, however, are high-crowned, compressed, and comparatively smooth, and differ so much from the Liassic teeth of Ilybodus that very possibly this late Mesozoic species may eventually prove to pertain to a distinct genus. It is therefore of great interest to be able to place on record the discovery of the head and the greater part of the naturally- arranged dentition of a typical species of Hybodus from the Lower Lias of Lyme Begis ; and the following notes relate to a fossil of this kind preserved in the Peed Collection of the Yorkshire Philosophical Society’s Museum. The specimen in question is unfortunately compressed, like all fossils from the Lias ; but the lowrer jaw is conveniently displaced to exhibit the dentition, and the shagreen is sufficiently sparse to permit the determination of the boundaries of portions of the cartilage. The left side of the head is exposed ; and the whole is shown, of one-quarter the natural size, in Pl. I., Fig. 1, while the mouth and dentition are drawn, of the natural size, in PI. I., Fig. 2. Outer views of six of the upper teeth, partially restored, are also given in PI. I., Figs. 3 — 8. *Sir Philip Egerton, Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc., vol. i. (1845), pp. 197-199, pl. iv. f Smith Woodward, “ Catal. Fossil Fishes Brit. Mus.,” pt. i. (1889), pp. 273- 275, pl. xii, figs. 1-4. 59 The general proportions of the cartilages are so well shown in Fig. 1, that they do not require any detailed description ; and the principal features are pointed out by the lettering. The cranium is relatively short and robust, and appearances are suggestive of no great prolongation of the snout in advance of the mouth, while the latter would probably he almost as terminal as in Cestracion. The position of the left orbit (orb.) is well marked, and the outlines of the left postero-lateral angle of the cranium (pfa.) are distinct; the large fontanelle (. fo .) in the anterior portion of the cranial roof is also shown. The superior boundary of the upper jaw (ptery go- quadrate) , of which the hinder extremity is marked ptq.9 is unfortunately obscure ; but the left mandibular cartilage (md.) is complete, and of considerable depth in its hinder portion. Most of the teeth exhibited are so much obscured by matrix that they cannot well be separately described ; but they are all little disturbed from their original positions, and so make known (for the first time in the typical Hybodus) the number of the antero-posterior series. In the mandible (Fig. 2,) there is no median symphysial row of teeth, and the number of series on the fully-exposed left side is ten (i. — x.), with qios-sib/y an eleventh minute row, indicated by some broken fragments. So far as preserved, no series exhibits more than five components ; and the largest teeth are those of nos. y. — vn. The latter, and all situated in advance of them, are very robust, with a comparatively high, conical, median cusp, and three or four large lateral cusps ; the coronal surface being marked by numerous radiating wrinkles, the outer lower margin prominent and coarsely crimped, and the inner lower margin somewhat channeled for the overlapping of the tooth immediately within. Of the lower series viii. and ix., the teeth are relatively longer than these, with less elevated and more obtuse crowns ; and of series x., the teeth are comparatively minute, with a single broad coronal eminence, marked by few superficial wrinkles, and with a single insignificant denticle at each extremity. In the upper jaw there are also indications of nine or ten transverse dental series, though it is not easy to determine their characters. However, by combining the information afforded 60 by all the portions of the teeth of each series sufficiently preserved, the partial restorations given in Figs. 3 — 8 seem justifiable, and illustrate the main features. These teeth pertain, as indicated, to series v. — x. ; and it will be observed that, compared with those of the lower jaw, they are more elongated and exhibit less elevated crowns. The shagreen, scattered over the whole of the fossil, is of the usual type already often met with in the Liassic species of Hybodus and Acrodus, i.e., conical granules, radiatel) sculptured. In size, however, these granules are remarkably small ; and especially noteworthy is the absence of the well-known hook¬ shaped head-spines ( Sphenonchus ). As shown by the dentition, the fossil just described pertains to Hybodus Delabechei, Charlesworth,* of which numerous groups of teeth are already known, besides a shagreen-covered head.f This species, indeed, was the first to reveal the true nature of the so-called Sphenonchus ; and it now gives the first information as to the number and proportions of the dental series in the jaw of the typical members of the genus to which it belongs. Neither of the two Liassic species of Acrodus exhibits more than eight or nine series of teeth in each ramus of the jaw7^ ; and Hybodus medius , which closely approaches Acrodus , also appears to possess only eight* The dorsal fin-spines found in association with the head are of the same kind as those already proved to pertain in part to H. Delabechei by specimens in the British Museum. The exserted portion of the anterior spine measured about 14 inches* in length when complete, and If inches in maximum breadth across the base ; while the corresponding measurements of the posterior spine are ll£ inches and If inches. Each spine is thus robust, and the lateral ribs are numerous and closely arranged ; the posterior denticles are very large, and placed in the case of the anterior spine, upon a median longitudinal elevation. *E. Charlesworth, Mag. Nat. Hist., N.S., vol. iii, pp. 242 — 246, pi. iv. See also“Catal. Foss. Fishes Brit. Mas.,” pt. i, pp. 259 — 262, pi. viii, pi. x, figs. 1 — 5. fE. C. H. Day, Geol. Mag., vol. ii (1865), p. 565. Figure given in “ Catal. Foss. Fishes Brit. Mus.,” pt. i, pi. viii. JE. C. H. Day, Geol. Mag., vol. i (1864), pp. 57 — 65, pi. iv. “Catal. Foss. Fishes Brit. Mus.,” pt. i, pp. 283—293, pis. xiii, xiv. *“ Catal. Foss. Fishes Brit. Mus.,” pt. i, p. 265, pi. ix. ^Present measurement 12§ inches. Yorks.. PbulS oo.Anrt.Hep. 1888 Rybodusj d(|^R G M /Woo Award cLel.etlith . Plcube, I. "West, Newman 3c Co irrrp '%f8i cLe ^tbecTie' CPLCurleswo vths. 61 EXPLANATION OF PLATE I. Skull and Mandible of Hybodus Delabechei, Cliarleswortli ; Lower Lias, Lyme Regis, Dorsetshire. Fig. 1. Side view, one-fourth natural size. fo. fontanelle. md. left mandibular cartilage, orb. orbit, pla. postero lateral angle of cranium, ptq. left upper jaw (pterygo- quadrate) . „ 2. Dentition, natural size. The successive transverse series of teeth numbered i. — x. ,, 3 — 8. Upper teeth of series v. — x., outer aspect, natural size, partly restored. MEMBERS OF THE RESIDING IN YORK AND ITS NEIGHBOURHOOD* FEBRUARY, 1889. Members marked t have compounded for their Annual Subscriptions. Acton, George, 8, Peckett- street. Adams, James, 23, St. P aid's- square. Adams, Moses James, Chapter House-street. fAgar, Joseph, Fulford-road. Agar, Miss, Brockfield. Ainsley, Robert, 12, Parliament-street. Allen, Thomas, 76, Micldegate. Allerston, E , Gillygate. Allison, 'William, Church- street. f Anderson, Tempest, M.D., B.Sc., B.S .,Stoneyate. Anderson, Robert, Coney-street. Anderson, F. II., Sheicford House , Fulford. Ankers, John, 36, Gillygate. Atkinson, Rev. Michael Angelo, Friffield-terrace. Backhouse, James, West Panic , Holy ate. Backhouse, James, Junr., West Panic, Holy ate. Bailey, Arthur, 4, Fast Mount-road. Baker, Robert, M.D., The Retreat. Baldwin, Rev. G. W. De Courcy, Lord Mayor's Walk. Ball, Alfred, Mill Crooks House. Balmford, George, 11, Coney-street. * Within a distance of Seven Miles. MEMBERS OF THE SOCIETY. 63 Balmford, Walter, South Esplanade. Baren, John, Parliament-street. Barnby, William, St. Mary1 s House. Barry, John Warren, Buncombe-place. fBarstow, Major John Arthur, Garrow Hill. Barstow, 0. I)., E.G.S., Garrow Hill. Bateman, Hinton, 11, Blossom-street. Beau, Eugene, Castlegate. Bellerby, John, Burnholme , He worth. Bellerby, William, 7, Booiham Crescent. Bellerby, William, 8, Burton-lane. Bentley, William, Coney-street. Biscomb, J., Tower-street . Biscomb, T., Peclcett- street. Bird, Mrs., 3, St. Leonard'' s-place. Blanchet, Mrs., 3, Museum-street. Bollans, Bobert Henry, 14, High Peter gate. Border, Samuel, Coney-street. Brady, Mrs., 58, Holgate Hill. Brentnall, Frank, Fishery ate. Brett, Edward Peart, Spurriergate. Britton, George, Bootham House. Broom, Thomas, Church- street. Brown, Miss Eleanor, 49, Monkgate. Brown, James, 19, Feasegate. Brown, George, 64, Monhgate. Buckle, Anthony, B.A., School for the Blind. Buckle, Bobert, High Ousegate. Bullivant, Mark Belph, Feasegate. Buhner, Thomas P., Mount Villas. Burtchby, Mrs., Coney-street. Burtt, Jonathan, 8, Park-street. Bn shell, Henry, Tanner-row . | Calvert, Francis William, 9, Lendal. Carnegy, A. St. C., Union Bank. Carter, Edwin, 32, G illy gate. Carter, Bev. Edmund Sanderson, Precentor's Court. Cattley, Bowden, Bootham. Chadwick, James, 24, Si. Saviourgate. Chambers, Gore, Ivy Cottage , Fishergate. Chapman, Alfred, Petergate. 64 MEMBERS OF THE SOCIETY. Chapman, George, 51, Coney-street. Christison, Alexander William Crow, 37, East Mount-road. Clark, J. E., B.A., B.Sc , F.G.S., Fever sliam-terrace. Clarke, Bey. H. Lowther, M.A., St. Martin'' s Vicarage , Coney- street. f Close, John, The Follies, Dringhouses. Clutton, W. J., The Mount. Coates, William Henry Addison, Bavygate. Collins, Francis, Fulford. Collis, Major William Cooke, Bootham-terrace. Colson, C. G., Bootham. Cookson, B. E., Settrington Mouse. Cooper, Miss, Fulford-road. Copperthwaite, Harold, Folgate. Cotterell, George, 3, Grosvenor -terrace. Coverdale, George, 26, Claremont-terrace. Cowling, Henry, 15, St. Mart/s. Craven, Mrs., Pavement. Crawhall, George, Burton Croft. Croft, George, 26, James Street, De Grey-street. Croskell, Charles, 33, Gillygate. Cross, Mrs., 12, Burton-lane. Cunninghame, J. A., Yorkshire Insurance Office, Lendal. Cussons, George, 6, Be Grey-street. Oust, The Very Rev. A. P. P., Dean of York. Dale, Mrs., 13, Bootham-terrace. Dale, Robert Perc}r, Clifton. Dale, John, Museum- street. Daniell, General, Government Mouse, Bootham. Davis, Mrs., St Helen' s-square. Dawson, The Very Rev. C. E. D., Precentor's Court. Demaine, J., Micklegate. Dennis, G. C., Tower -street. Dillon, Miss, Coney-street. Dodgson, Walter, St. Sampson' s-square. Dodsworth, Ernest Ralph, St. Peter's Grove. Dove, William, Crown Cottage. Draper, William, M.D., St. Leonard's. Dresser, Richard, 13, Pavement. Dunhill, C. II., M.D., Minster Yard. Fairweather, John T., Nun Mill Mouse, Bishopthorpe-road. Fausset, Rev. Canon, M.A., Ileworth. Feltoe, R. II., The Limes, Ileworth. MEMBERS OF THE SOCIETY. 65 Fenwick, Mrs., Gate Fulford Hall. Fleming, The Bev. Canon, B.D., York and Chester -square, Pimlico , S. W. Fletcher, Mrs,, 6, Lord Mayor's Walk. Folkard, Montague, 14, The Pavement. Foster, Lancelot, 7, St. Leonard's. Fox, M. B., Parliament- street. Friends’ Ladies’ School, The Mount. Fryer, John Firth, B.A., 51, Bootham. Gaunt, Charles Edwin, Coney-street. Gibb, George S., LL.B., Chestnut Grove , Heworth. Glaisby, Walter, St. Leonard' s-place. Glaisyer, John, Castlegate. Gray, Edwin, M.A., LL.M., Minster Yard. Gray, John, Coney-street. Gray, Miss, 1, St. Mary's. Gray, Joseph S., Holgate. Greenwood, William Francis, Stonegate. Gutch, Mrs., Holgate Lodge. Haigh, Thomas Blakey, 106, High Petergate. Hall, William John, 25, Coney-street. Halliwell, Frederick William, Be Grey Rooms. Hardcastle, John William, Coney-street. Hardcastle, Henry, Clifton Green. Harding, George, High Ousegate. Hargrove, William Wallace, St. Peter's Grove. Hartley, C. G., 20, Fossgate. Hartley, B. W., Clifton. Hartley, B. H., 25, Marygate. Hartley, Mrs., Sycamore Cottage , Clifton. Haworth, Bev. William, 10, Bootham-terrace. Hepper, William, 61, Bishopthorpe-road. Hewetson, Bichard, Bootham. Hewison, Bev. G. H., M.A., Walmgate. Hey, Mrs., 7, St. Mary's. Hey, Bev. W. C., M.A., Clifton. Hey, Bev. John, M.A., The Lawn , Clifton. Hey, Miss, 72, Bootham. tHill, John Bichard, 25, St. Saviourgate. Hingston, J. T., The Asylum , Clifton. Hitchcock, C. K., The Asylum , Bootham. Hodgkinson, Miss, 2, St. Leonard' s-place. 66 MEMBERS OF THE SOCIETY. Hodgson, Mrs., 6, St. Mary's. Hodgson, Thomas Gerard, 26, Stonegate. Hood, William, Castlegate. Hopton, H. J., 9, St. Leonard' s-place. Hornsey, William, Pavement. Hotham, William, Fulford. Houlden, William, St. Sampson' s- square. Hoyle, Miss Sarah, St. Sampson' s-square. Hudson, Henry Arthur, Clifton. H urst, Arthur, Inglecroft , Nunthorpe Avenue. Jalland, William Hammerton, Museum-street. Johnson, [Richard, 35, St. Mary's. Jones, J. E. Coney -street. Jones, George Fowler, 8, Lendal. Kendall, E. B., The Pavement. Kimber, Mrs., Walnut Villa , Heworth. King, Joseph, 20, Burton-terrace. King, Henry, St. Peter' s Grove. Kirby, George, 3, Coney-street. Kleiser, Mrs,, Parliament-street. L’Amy, Rev. J. A. Ramsay, 2, Dalton-t&rr'ace , The Mount. Last, Edwin Walter, 7, Booiham-terrace. Lawton, William, Nunthorpe. Leetham, Sidney, 73, Monkgate. Leetham, Henry Ernest, 2, Friar' s-terr ace , Peckett- street. Legat, William, Clifton. Luden, C. M., 4, Bootham-terrace. Lund, W. 13., Petergate. MacKay, Donald, Mount Villas. Makins, Frederick Waite, St. Olave's .House, Mary gate. Mann, John TV., Lord Mayor's Walk. Mann, T. Glaisby, St. Mary's Lodge. Marshall, J. I. F., 28, St. Saviourgate. Martin, Daniel, 19, Priory-street. Masterman, Thomas, Petergate. Matterson, William, M.D., F.R.C.F., Lond., Minster Yard. Matthews, P., St. Helen' s-square. Mawdesley, Fred. L., Dclwood Croft. MEMBERS OF THE SOCIETY. G7 Melrose, James, Clifton Croft. Melrose, Walter, St. Sampson1 s-square. Mennell, William, St. Andrewgate. Mennell, James, 22, Spurriergate. f Mills, F. C., 33, Boothcim. Mills, Mrs., 33, Boothcim. Milward, C. A., Coney -street. Moiser, Henry P., Heivorth Grange. Monkhouse, Thomas, 11, Bootham-terrace , Monkhouse, William, 10, St. Mary's. Moore, William, 24, Burton-terrace. Morrell, William W., Holgate House. Nelson, John, Clifton. Newman, William Lewin, 13, St. Mary's. Newton, Mrs. Henry, Grove Lodge. Nicholson, Mrs., 62, Bootham. Noble, Thomas S., F.G.S., Precentor's Court. Noble, John, Clarence Villa, Clarence-street. North, Samuel William, F.G.S., MicJcleyate. Nurses’ Home, Lady Superintendent of, Monhyate. Oakley, 34. H., Coney -street. Oldfield, George, Drinythorpe. Oldfield, Joseph, Lendal. Padel, C. G., Parle Cottage , Park-street. Paterson, Mrs. Amelia, Burton House, Clifton. Pauling, Pobert, 55, Holgaie-terracc. Paver, William, 3, The Crescent. fPearson, John, Glentworth, The Mount. fPearson, Pichard, 57, Bootham. Pearson, John, 21, Bootham-terrace. Pearson, Miss, Priory House , The Mount. Phillips, William, 9, Bootham-terrace. Potter, Mrs., 44, The Mount. Preston, Henry, 19, Bootham-terrace. Proctor, J. W., Ashcroft, Nunthorpe. f Proctor, A., 2, The Mount. Pulley n, John, Low Ousegate. Purnell, Edward William, Coney-street. 68 MEMBERS OF THE SOCIETY. Raine, Rev. Canon, M.A., D.C.L., High Petergate. Ramsay, James, Petergate. Rawdon, William Frederick, Clifton. Rawling, Thomas, Swine gate. Reed, William, F.G.S., 19£, Blake- street. Rex, John, Low Ousegate. Riccalton, Miss, Marygate. Richardson, Henry, Cherry-liill. Richardson, R. B., 1, Bootliam-terrace. Richardson, Miss, 58, Bootham. fRichardson, W. Benson, j Elm Bank, The Mount. fRichardson, Captain, BootTxam. Ridgway, Mrs. A., 2, Burton-lane. Robinson, William, Blake-street. Robinson, Christopher, Belle-vue-terrace. Robinson, Charles Edward, 47, Coney -street. Rodwell, Thomas, 7 Vest Field House, Heworth-road. Rook, Edward, The Mount. Rose, Robert Duncan, 8, St. Leonard' s- pi ace. Rosset, Miss Adele Rose, 1, Park-street, The Mount. Rotherford, John, St. James' -terrace, Clifton. Rowntree, John Stephenson, Mount Villas. Rowntree, Joseph, 37, St. Mary's. Russell, Thomas Joshua, Spurrier gate. Rymer, James Sykes, 17, Park-place. Sampson, John, 13, Coney-street. Saville, John, Monk Bar. Sayner, William, Market-street. Scawin, William, Eavenslea , Clifton. Scott, Colonel, Clifton Holme. Scott, Henry Venn, Park-street , The Mount. Seller, J. T., The Mount. Seller, George, The Hut, Clifton. Shann, Mrs., 69, Low Petergate. Shann, Henry Charles, 48, Micklegate. Shann, Frederick, 6, St. Leonard' s-place. Shannon, John Strangman, Castlcgate. Sherwood, Edward, 61, Micklegate. Shipton, Mrs., 11, Burton-lane. Shouksmith, J. H., Micklegate. Skelton, Robert, St. Sampson' s-square. Slinger, William, 44, Monkgate. Smith, Rev. Thomas, M.A., 77, Bootham. Smith, Thomas, 43, Marygate. MEMBERS OF THE SOCIETY. 69 Smith, William, Parliament-street. Smith, J. M., High Ouse gate . Snowball, Arthur, Parliament-street. Sotheran, J., 4, South View , Holgate. Sowden, Thomas Henry, Grove Parle, Avenue , Clifton. Sowray, J., King' s- square. Sparks, Colonel T., 4, The Crescent. Spence, Alfred Henry, Lendal. Spencer, H. E., 23, Monkgate. Spetch, J. L., 1 7, Church-street. Stevenson, Thomas, Ragdon House , Bootham Stray. Stockley, Colonel, 6, St. Peter's Grove. Swales, Mrs. J., Goodramgate. Taylor, Francis, Bootham-terrace. f Taylor, John Francis, Holly Bank, Holgate-road. Taylor, H. Dennis, 20, Bootham-terrace. Teasdale, John, M.A., Grove Park Avenue. Telfer, John B., 9, Holgate-terrace. Tennant, Henry, Holgate-hill. Terry, Sir Joseph, The Mount. Terry, Thomas W. L., 17, Nunthorpe-crescent. Thomas, William Gordon, He worth. Thompson, Mrs., 17, Grosvenor -terrace. Thompson, Lawrence J., 31, Coney -street. Thompson, Bichard, 9, Park- street, The Mount. Thompson, William, Clifton. fThorp, Fielden, B.A., 18, Blossom- street. Thorp, Mrs., 14, Park Grove. Thorp, Henry Bell, Clifton. Tiplady, Mrs., 25, St. Mary's. Todd, Joseph, Buncombe- street. Todd, Mrs., Foss Bridge. Turner, B., M.D., Minster Yard. Turner, E. B., 9, Burton-lane. Varey, William, 42, Blossom-street. Yarey, Thomas, Clifton. Yarvill, Michael, St. Mary's. Yolans, William George Bell, Buncombe-street. Waddington, William Alfred, 42, Stonegate. Wade, Edwin, Monkgate. Waite, T., 1, Park-place. Wakefield, Charles, Heslinyton . 70 MEMBERS OF THE SOCIETY. fWalker, John Francis, M.A., F.G.S., F.C.S., Bootham. W alker, Thomas, The Elms. Walker, William, F.G.S., Lendal. Walker, Mrs. M. A., 87, Union-terrace. Walker, Mrs. J. S., 23, Grosvenor-terrace. Walker, William Thomlinson, Clifton Grove. Ware, Henry John, 6, New-street. Weaver, Miss Fann}T, 25, Bootham. Webster, George Salvin, 33, Portland-street. Wesleyan Minister, New-street. fWhytehead, Thomas Bosnian, Minster Yard. Wilberforce, Bev. William Francis, M.A., Fulford-road. Wilkinson, Joseph, F.B.G.S., 17, Bootham-terrace. Yvilkinson, C. N., The Mount. Williams, Miss, The Mount. Williams, Isaac Mennell, Michlegate. Williams, Miss, Mount Vale. Williamson, Mrs., 25, Grosvenor-terrace. Wilson, Mrs. J. Bockhurst, St. Peter's Grove. Wilson, Bev. Hemy Andrew, Bootham. fWilson, George Linton, St. Peter's Grove. Wilson, David, 81, Michlegate. Winspear, Walter, Coney -street. Wolstenholme, George, 18, St. Mary's. Wood, Henry, 5, Bootham-terrace. Wood, Thos. F., Nunthorpe. Woods, S. Everard, 1, Belle Vue-terrace. Worsley, Arthington, 50, Stone gate. Worthington, Thomas Stockton, Blahe-street. Wright, Thomas, 23, Coney-street. Wright, Aid. S., Fairmount Mouse , Mount Vale. Wright, Charles Edward Leigh, Dringhouses Manor. York, His Grace the Archbishop of, Bishopthorpe Palace. Young, Bev. J. E. M., St. Saviour gate. COUNTY MEMBERS. Akenliead, Bev. David, Gate Melmsley. fAldam, William, Frichley Mall, Doncaster. fBolton, Lord, Bolton Mall, Bedale. Creyke, Balph, Baivcliffe, Selby. LADY SUBSCRIBERS. 71 Dale, David, West Lodge , Darlington. Dawnay, Hon. Pay an, Beninglrough Ilall. fFeversham, Earl of, Buncombe Park. Forester, Pev. Canon Lord, Gedling , Notts. Hailstone, Edward, F.S.A., Walton Hall , Wakefield. f Harper. Edward, 8, Brunswick-terrace, Brighton. fHarris, Charles Edward, Tynley Hall, Winchfield , Hants. Lockwood, Frank, Q.C., M.P., 28, Lennox Gardens , Font-street , S.7T. Londesborough, Lord, Lxndesborough Lodge , Scarborough. Love, Joseph Horatio, Hawkhills, Easing tv old. fMontague, Andrew, Lngmanthorpe , Wetherby. fNorcliffe, Francis Best, Hadsock Park, Worksop, Notts. Pease, Alfred E., M.P., Pinchintliorpe House , Guisbord. Peckett, Mrs., Carlton Husthwaite, Thirsk. Spencer, Major W. H., 28, Anerley Park , Anerley, Surrey. Strickland, Sir Charles W., Bart., Hildenley, Malton. f Thompson, Sir Henry Meysey Meysey, Bart., Kirby Hall , York. Turner, E. B., Saltburn. Wharton, John Lloyd, Bramham. Wilson, George, Grimston Manor, G tiling, York. Wood, Bazil Thomas, M.P., Conyngham Hall, Knar esbor ought. LADY SUBSCRIBERS. Annakin, Miss, 14, Victoria-terrace , Heslington-road. Atkinson, Mrs., 22, Bootham-terrace. Atkinson, Mrs., Blossom-street. Beaumont, Miss, 11, St. Nicholas ’ Cliff, Scarborough. Belcombe, Miss, 14, St. Mary s. Boyes, Miss, Clifton. Buchanan, Mrs. M. Byron, Mrs., 24, Claremont-terrace. Crabtree, Miss, 6, Museum- street. Croft, Miss, 7, The Crescent. Croft, Mrs., 3, St. PeteP s -terrace. Day, Miss Fanny Alice, 2, St. Mary's. 72 LADY SUBSCRIBERS. 9 Deighton, Mrs., 32, The Mount . Ditmas, Miss, 5, Grosvenor -terrace. Dundas, The Hon. Miss, Thornhy Lodge , St. Peter's Gr Fawcett, Mrs., 18, Bootham-terrace. Gape, Mrs., 5, St. Mary's. Garton, Miss, 44, Mary gate. Hall, Mrs. William E., 21, Zte Grey-street. Harrison, Miss, 26, St. Mary's. Harwood, Miss H., 40, Petergate. Holmes, Mrs., 12, Grosvenor -terrace. Hornby, Mrs., Clifton. Horsfall, Mrs., 14, Past Mount-road. Husband, Miss, Clifton. Jakell, Mrs., 16, The Mount. Johnson, Miss, 21, The Mount. Kirby, Miss, 7, Grosvenor -ter race. Lawton, Miss, 84, Bootham. Legard, Mrs., 2, Bootham-terrace. Longridge, Mrs., 32, St. Mary's. Mawson, Mrs., 19, Grosvenor -terrace. Mercer, Miss, Minster Yard. Middleton, Miss, Nunthorjp e-terrace. Moore, Miss, Clifton. Newton, Miss, 43, Bootham. Noton, Miss, 14, Little Stonegate. Palmes, Mrs., 8, Bootham-terrace. Peel, Miss, Dalton-terrace . Pepper, Mrs., 12, Bootham-crescent. Pulleine, Mrs. K., 70, Bootham. Richardson, Miss, 46, Bootham. Robinson, Miss, 33, Lord Mayor's Walk. Simpson, Miss, 10, Grosvenor -terrace. Simpson, Mrs. William, Byton Villa, St. Peter's Grove. Smith, Mrs. Fullerton, Clifton. Smith, Mrs. G. F., 1, Precentor's Court. Stevens, Miss, 75, Micklegate. Thomas, Mrs., 11, St. Mary's. Todd, Miss, 3, Por tlandstreet. Tranmar, Miss, 36, St. John' s-street. ASSOCIATES. 73 Walker, Mrs. Charles, Mary gate. Walker, Miss, 20, St. Mary's. Ward, Mrs., 46, East Mount-road. Wells, Miss, 7, Lord Mayor's Walk. Wharton, Miss, Barton Grange. Wilcox, Mrs., 8, Avenue-terrace , Clifton. Wilkinson, Miss, 12, Bootham-terrace. Yorke, Miss, 2, Buncombe-street. ASSOCIATES. Allanson, Edward P., 16, Blade-street. Brierley, Walter H., 39, Bootham. Elmhirst, C. E., Lendal. Forbes, C. M., 8, Davy gate. Fry, C., Blossom-street. Hetherton, John, Cry holme, Year sley -bridge. Hind, II. J., Friends' Retreat. Knott, George, Lendal. Lee, G. C., 36, The Mount. Marehant, Eobert, 22, Grosvenor-terrace. Meek, E. E., 3, Peckitt- street. Moore, Edwin, 42, Fast Mount-road. Kudgard, H. J., Heworth Hall. Scaife, E. II. Stamp, Thomas, 42, Mary gate. Swift, II. L., Blade-street. Trundle, Eev. George, 1, Minster Court. Walker, E. W. F., 12, Fast Mount-road. Wood, J. E., Park-street, The Mount. Any insertions or corrections in this list will be gladly received by the Keeper of the Museum. 74 The following privileges have been conferred bg the votes of General Meetings of the Society in 1825 and 1830, on Contributors to the original Building Fund. “ A Contribution of Fifty Pounds and upwards shall entitle the Con¬ tributor for life to personal admission to the Museum and Gardens, with the power of introducing Visitors, personally or by written order; to personal admission to the Library, and to the scientific proceedings of the General Meetings. The adult members of his family residing under his roof shall be admitted without an order.” “A Contribution of Twenty-Five Pounds and upwards shall entitle to personal admission for life to the Museum and Gardens, with the power of personally introducing Visitors ; and to personal admission to the Library.” 11 A Contribution of Fifteen Pounds and upwards shall entitle to personal admission for life to the Museum and Gardens, with the power of personally introducing Visitors.” “ A Lady contributing Ten Pounds shall be entitled to personal admission for life to the Museum and Gardens, with the power of personally introducing Ladies as Visitors.” “ A Contributor of Fifteen Pounds and upwards, may at any future time (on being duly balloted for) be admitted a Member of the Society, without payment of Admission Money.” 75 DONOR OF FIFTY POUNDS AND UPWARDS. The Lord Mayor of York, ex officio. DONOR OF FIFTEEN POUNDS AND UPWARDS. Leatham, H. M., M.P., Hemsioorth Hall , Pontefract. HONORARY MEMBERS, Allman, George James, M.D., LL.D., P.R.S., Ardmore , ParJcstone , Dorset. Anderson, Joseph, The National Museum , Edinburgh. Armstrong, Sir William George, O.B., LL.D., D.C.L., F.R.S., Jcsmond Lean, Newcastle. Bonney, The Rev. Professor T. G., M.A., F.R.S., 23, Penning - road , Hampstead, London , A. W. Boynton, Thomas, TJlrome Grange , Lowthorpe, Hull. Bruce, Rev. J. C., LL.D., Newcastle-on-Tyne. Browne, Professor G. T., Professor of Archaeology in the University of Cambridge. Carruthers, William, F.R.S., F.L.S., F.G.S., Natural History Museum , South Kensington. Chadwick, Samuel, Norton , near Malton. Chester, The Lord Bishop of, Chester. Dallas, William Sweetland, F.L.S., Pembroke House , New Thornton Heath , Croydon. Duncan, Professor Peter Martin, M.B., Lond., F.R.S., F.G.S., 6, Grosvenor-road, Gunnersbury , Middlesex. Etheridge, Robert, F.R.S., L. and E., F.G.S., Natural History Museum , South Kensington , S. Tfr. Evans, John, D.C.L., LL.D., F.R.S., F.L.S., F.S.A., F.G.S., Nash Mills , Hemal Hempstead. 76 HONORARY MEMBERS, Flower, Professor William Henry, LL.D., F.P.S., F.L.S., F.G.S., Natural History Museum, South Kensington, S.W. Franks, A. W., M.A.., F.P.S., P.S.A., F.G.S., 103, Victoria- street and British Museum, W.C. Freemam, Professor, Trinity College, Oxford. Geikie, Archibald, LL.D., F.P.S., L. andE., F.G.S., Geological Survey Office, Jer my n- street, London, S. W. Geikie, James, LL.D., F.P.S., L. and E., Professor of Geology and Mineralogy in the University of Edinburgh, 31, Merchiston A venue , Edinburgh. Green, Professor A. H., M.A., F.G.S., 137, Woodstock-road, Oxford. Greenwell, Pev. Canon, M.A., D.C.L.,F.P.S., F.S.A., Durham. Grove, The Hon. Sir William Pobert, Knt., M.A., D.C.L., F.P.S., 115, Harley -street, London, TV. Hawkshaw, Sir John, F.P.S., F.G.S., M. Lnst. C.K., 30, Great George- street, S. TV. Holmes, John, The Homestead, Roundhay, Leeds. Hooker, Sir Joseph Dalton, K.C.S.I., C.B., M.D., D.C.L., LL.D., F.P.S., F.L.S., F.G.S., Royal Gardens, Kew. Hughes, Professor Thomas McKenny, M.A., F.S.A., F.G.S., Trinity College, Cambridge . Hudleston, Wilfred H., M.A , F.P.S., F.L.S., F.C.S., F.G.S., Culverdon Lodge , Oahlands Park, Weybridge. Hull, Professor Edward, LL.D., M.A., F.P.S., F.G.S., 14, Hume-street, Dublin. Huxley, Professor Thomas Henry, LL.D., Ph.D., F.P.S., F.L.S., F.G.S., 4, Marlborough-place, St. John's Wood , N.W. Judd, Professor J. W., F.P.S., F.G.S., Hurstleigh, Jiew. King, The Pev. C. W., Trinity College , Cambridge. Lightfoot, Thomas, Masham, Yorkshire. Lubbock, Sir John, Bart., M.P., D.C.L., LL.D., F.P.S., F.L.S., F.G.S., F.S.A., 15, Lombard-street, K.C. McLachlan, Pobert, F.P.S.,F.Z.S., F.G.S., West View , Claren¬ don-road, Lewisham, S.K. Miall, Professor Louis Compton, F.L.S., F.G.S., 5, Montpelier - terrace , Cliff-road , Leeds. Mortimer, J. P., Driffield , Yorkshire. Newton, Professor Alfred, M.A., F.P.S., F.Z.S., Magdalene College , Cambridge. Newton, C. T., British Museum. Owen, Sir Pichard, K.C.B., M.D., D.C.L., LL.D., F.P.S., F.L.S., F.G.S., Sheen Lodge , Richmond Park, East Sheen , S.W HONORARY MEMBERS. 77 Prestwich, Professor Joseph, M.A., F.E.S., F.C.S., F.G.S., Shoreham , Sevenoaks, Kent. Pamsay, Sir Andrew C., LL.D., F.P.S., F.G.S., 15, Cromwell- crescent, West Cromwell-road, South Kensington , S. W. Eobinson, T. W. V., Hardwick Hall, Sedgefield , Durham. Scalter, Philip Lutley, Ph.D., M.A., F.E.S., F.L.S., F.G.S., 3, Hanover- square, W. Scott, Eobert Henry, M.A., F.E.S., F.G.S., 6, Kim Dark Gardens , S. W. Seebohm, Henry, 6, Tenter den-street, Hanover-square, W. Seeley, Professor Harry Govier, F.E.S., F.L.S., The Vine , Sevenoaks. Smith, Charles Eoach, F.S.A., Temple-place, Strood, Kent. Sorby, Henry Clifton, LL.D., F.E.S., F.L.S., F.G.S., Broom¬ field, Sheffield. Skene, W. F., 37, Inverleith-row, Kdinlurgh. Stokes, Professor George Gabriel, M.A., D.C.L., LL.D., F.G.S., Lensfield Cottage, Cambridge. Strangways, C. Fox, F.G.S., Museum, Jer my n- street, S. W. Thompson, SirWilliam, M. A., LL.D., D.C.L., F.E.S., L. and E., F.E.A.S., The University, Glasgow. Traill, Thomas Stuart, M.D., F.E.S., University, Kdinlurgh. Tristram, Eev. Canon, F.E.S., Durham. Watkin, W. Thompson, West Derby -road, Liverpool. Whitaker, William, B.A., F.G.S., 28, Jermyn-street , London . Williamson, John, Scarborough. Williamson, Professor Alexander William, Ph.D., LL.D., F.C.S., University College, London, W.C. Woodward, Henry, LL.D., F.E.S., F.G.S., British Museum, Cromwell-road, London, S . W. 78 FOREIGN HONORARY MEMBERS. Barrois, Dr. C., Rue Solferino, 220, Lille , France. Beyrich, Dr. Henrich E., University, Berlin. Bobretzki, Dr., Professor of Zoology and Embryology in the University of Kiew. Cope, Professor Edward D., Philadelphia. Dana, Professor J. D., Yale s College , New Haven. Dawson, Sir J. William, LL.D, F.R.S, Principal and Vice- Chancellor of McGill University, Montreal , Canada. Deslongchamps, Professor M. E., Caen , France. Hebert, Professor E., Rue Garanciere , 10, Paris. King, Clarence, 62, Ceder-street , Room 10, New York, US. A. Marsh, Professor 0. C., Yale College, New Haven. McCaull, Dr., University , Toronto. Medlicott, Henry Benedict, Geological Survey Office, Calcutta, India. Milne-Edwarps, Professor Alphonse, Rue Cuvier , 57, Paris. Mommsen, Professor, The University , Berlin. Nathorst, Dr. Alfred, State Geologist, Member of the Geolo¬ gical Survey of Sweden, Stockholrne. Nikitin, Professor, St. Petersburg, Russia. Nordenskiold, Professor A. E., Freiherr, Stockholm, Sweden. Pavlow, Professor, Moscow, Russia. Powell, Major, Director of the United States Geological Survey, Washington. Quenstedt, Professor F. A., University, Tubingen, Germany. Bcemer, Professor Ferdinand, Royal University, Breslau, Prussia. Bossi, The Commendatore de, Rome, Paly. Bygh, Professor Olaf, Christiania. Sandwith, T. B., C. B., Her Majesty's Consulate, Tunis. Scherer, Professor Wilhelm, The University, Berlin. Schmidt, Dr. Ludwig Linden, Mayence, Germany. Stephens, Professor George, Copenhagen. Von Kokscharow, Major General Nicolaus, President of the Mineralogical Society of St. Petersburg. Whiteaves, Joseph Fred, Director and Palaeontologist to the Geological Survey, Ottawa, Canada. Worsaae, The Chamberlain I.I.A., Copenhagen. Zittell, Professor Carl Alfred, Ph.D., Munich University, Germany. -May is 89 *