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Porfesljire  181)ilosopf)tcal  Socifts. 


ANNUAL  REPORT 


POR 


MDCCCLXXXIX. 


ANNUAL  REPORT 


OF  THE  COUNCIL 

OF  THE 

Y  0  R  K  S  H  I  E  E 


PHILOSOFinCAL  SOCIETY 


MDCCCLXXXIX. 


PRESENTED  TO  THE  ANNUAL  MEETING, 


FEBRUARY  4th,  1890. 


YORK: 

W.  SOTHERAN  &  CO.,  PRINTERS,  PETERGATE. 

1890. 


TRUSTEE'S 


THE  YORKSHIRE  MUSEUM, 


APPOINTED  BY  ROYAL  GRANT. 


TEMPEST  ANDERSON,  M.D 
EDWIN  GRAY. 

WILLIAM  LAWTON. 

E.  L.  MAWDESLEY. 

T.  S.  NOBLE. 

S.  W.  NORTH. 

REV.  CANON  RAINE,  D.C.L. 
WILLIAM  WALKER. 


PATRONESSES 


OF  TF[E 

Yorb^lRte  151)ilog^op!)iral  ^ocietg. 

HER  MAJESTY  THE  QHEEN. 

H.  R.  H.  THE  PRINCESS  OF  WALES. 


PATRONS. 

H  R.  H.  THE  PRINCE  OP  WALES,  K  O. 

H.  R.  H.  THE  DUKE  OP  CONNAUGHT,  K  G. 
HIS  GRACE  THE  ARCHBISHOP  OF  YORK,  F.R.S. 


OFFICERS  OF  THE  SOCIETY,  1890. 


PRESIDENT: 


His  Gtrace  the  A.rciirishop  of  York,  F.E-.S, 


VICE-PRESIDENTS  : 

The  Right  Hon.  Lord  Londesborough. 

The  Hon.  Payan  Dawnay. 

The  Very  Rev.  the  De.an  of  York. 

The  Rev.  Canon  Raine,  M.A.,  H.C.L. 

William  Reed,  F.Gr.S. 

John  Francis  Walker,  M.A  ,  F.L.S  ,  F.G.S.,  F.C.S.  (London 
and  Berlin)  F.Z.S.,  Member  of  tlie  Committee  of  the 
British  Association. 

William  Walker,  F.Gr.S. 

S.  W.  North,  F.Gr.S. 

William  Matterson,  M.D. 

Tempest  Anderson,  M.D.,  B.Sc.,  &c..  Fellow  of  University 
College,  London. 


HON.  TREASURER: 
Edwin  Gray,  LL.M. 

COUNCIL  : 

Elected  1888.  .Bowden  Cattley. 

W.  W.  Hargrove. 

Sir  Joseph  Terry. 
Richard  ■  Thompson. 

Elected  1889.  .The  Re^l  John  Hey. 

Dr.  Baker. 

Richard  Pearson. 
Frederick  Shann. 

Elected  1890.  .Major  Barstow. 

J.  E.  Clark,  B.A.,  B.Sc. 
Rev.  W.  C.  Hey,  M.A. 

F.  L.  Mawdesley. 


HON.  SECRETARY: 
T,  S.  Noble,  F.G.S. 


6 


OFFICERS  OF  THE  SOCIETY, 


CUEATORS  ; 


Gteology . 

Mineralogy  . 

Insects  and  Crustacea 
Comparative  Anatomy 
Ornithology . 

Antiquarian  Department  .  . 
Botany  . 

CONCHOLOGY 

Observatory 
Meteorology 
Laboratory 

Library 


W.  Eeed,  F.O.S. 

W.  H.  Hudlkston,  M.A., 
F.E.S. 

Gr.  C.  Dennis. 

T.  Anderson,  M.D. 

J.  Backhouse,  Jun.,  F.Z.S., 
M.B.O.U. 

Eev.W.  Gtreenwell,  D.C.L. 
FES. 

(  Eev.  Canon  Eaine,  D.C.L. 
William  Matterson,  M.D. 
Eev.  W.  C.  Hey,  M.A. 


T.  S.  Noble,  F.G  S. 

J,  E.  Clark,  B.A  ,  B  Sc. 

J.  F.  Walker,  M.A  ,  F.I.C., 
F.C.S.,  London  &  Berlin. 

J  Eev.  H.  L.  Clarke,  M  A. 

I  Eev.  John  Hey,  M.A. 


KEEPER  OF  THE  MUSEUM: 
Henry  Maurice  Platnauer,  A.R.S.M.,  B.Sc. 


REPORT  OF  THE  COUNCIL 


OF  THE 

YORKS  HIKE  PHILOSOPHICAL  SOCIETY, 

Feb  RITA  RY  4th,  1S90, 


In  presenting  their  Report  for  the  year  1889,  the  Council  are 
glad  to  be  able  to  state  that  the  Balance  Sheet  of  the  Society 
discloses  a  favourable  state  of  things  for  the  past  year.  The 
members  will  he  aware  that  in  the  year  1888  there  came  into 
operation  a  new  series  of  Rules,  which,  to  some  extent,  affected 
the  finances  of  the  Society,  by  thenceforth  remitting  the 
Admission  fee  to  new  subscribing  members.  The  result  was 
that  a  considerable  number  of  new  members  was  added  to  the 
Society  during  that  year.  It  is  satisfactory  to  know  that  a 
similar  result  has  been  attained  during  the  past  year,  and  no 
less  than  43  new  subscribing  members  have  been  added  to  the 
Society’s  Roll. 

The  members  will  be  aware  that  in  the  preceding  year  the 
Council  arranged  for  a  series  of  Lectures  to  be  given,  some 
voluntary,  and  others  at  considerable  cost.  These  Lectures 
were  attended  by  a  large  number  of  subscribers  and  citizens, 
and  appear  to  have  given  great  satisfaction. 

The  cost,  however,  of  these  Lectures  has  been  considerable, 
a  sum  of  £183  4s.  lOd  having  been  paid  in  connection  there¬ 
with,  but  this  includes  a  sum  of  £39  19s.  Od.  paid  for  Lectures 
and  Conversaziones  in  the  year  1888.  The  total  sum  received 
for  admission,  sale  of  tickets,  and  donations,  amounts  to 
£110  3s.  8d.,  leaving  the  total  cost  of  Lectures,  carried  out  on 
the  debit  side  of  the  account  for  the  year,  £73  Is.  2d.  for  the 
two  seasons  on  this  particular  item  alone.  The  Council,  however, 
cannot  regret  the  expense  considering  the  great  pleasure  these 
Lectures  have  afforded  the  members  of  the  Society.  The 
Council  cannot  dismiss  this  part  of  the  Report  without  specially 
thanking  those  who  kindly  volunteered  Lectures  without  cost 


8 


REPORT  OF  THE 


to  the  Society.  The  Lord  Bishop  of  Eipon,  in  his  Lecture  on 
“  Dante,”  given  on  the  invitation  of  His  Grrace  the  Archbishop 
of  York,  the  President  of  the  Society,  drew  a  very  large 
audience  to  the  York  Concert  Boom  where  the  Lecture  was 
delivered,  and  the  receipts  form  a  considerable  item  in  reducing 
the  cost  paid  for  other  Lectures.  The  Council  are  also  indebted 
to  the  Lev.  Professor  Gr.  F.  Browne,  B.D-,  for  a  Lecture  on 
“  Subterranean  Ice”;  to  Henry  Seehohm,  Esq.,  F.L.S.,  F.P.S., 
for  a  Lecture  on  “  The  Migration  of  Birds  ”  ;  to  H.  H. 
Howorth,  Esq.,  M.P.,  F.S.A  ,  foj  a  Lecture  on  “  The  Mammoth 
and  its  Lessons  ”  ;  and  to  Dr.  Tempest  Anderson,  who  kindly 
gave  two  Lectures  “  The  Volcanic  Pegion  siuTOunding  the 
Lipari  Islands  in  the  Mediteranean,”  and  “  Photographic  Notes 
on  a  Tour  in  Norway.”  Dr.  Anderson’s  Lectures  were 
illustrated  on  the  screen  by  Photographs  taken  by  him  upon  the 
spot,  and  exhibited  by  the  aid  of  the  Lantern.  The  Council  have 
also  to  express  their  special  thanks  to  Dr.  Tempest  Anderson, 
not  only  for  the  Lectures,  hut  for  his  kindness  in  presenting  the 
Society  with  the  Lantern  which  has  been  of  great  use  in  aiding 
illustrations  to  other  Lectures.  The  Council  will  now  state 
briefly  the  Income  and  Expenditure  of  the  Society,  and  the 
Report  will  then  pass  on  to  describe  the  state  of  the  various 
Scientific  Departments  of  the  Museum. 

The  total  Income  of  the  Society  is  £1225  14s.  Id. ;  the 
outgoings  £1257  7s.  2d.,  but  as  the  balance  in  the  hands  of  the 
Treasurer  on  the  31st  December,  1888,  was  £31  I7s.  5d.,  and 
the  excess  of  Expenditure  over  Income  for  1889  was  £31  13s.  Id., 
a  balance  of  Is.  4d.  remains  in  the  hands  of  the  Treasurer  on 
the  31st  December,  1889. 

Gteology. — The  Collections  in  this  department  have  received 
considerable  additions  during  the  past  year.  Several  gaps  have 
been  filled  up  through  the  kindness  of  Mr.  J.  E.  Walker,  and 
the  Honorary  Curator  has  made  some  important  donations,  the 
most  noteworthy  being  a  fine  collection  of  Saurian  remains  from 
the  Lias  of  Whitby. 

The  value  of  the  collection  is  being  considerably  enhanced 
by  the  systematic  figuring  of  many  of  our  best  specimens, 
undertaken  by  the  Honorary  Curator.  Last  year  Mr.  Heed 


COUNCIL  FOR  1889. 


9 


presented  a  qnarto  plate,  on  which  was  figured  a  unique  skull 
of  Hyhodiis  Delahechii  in  the  possession  of  the  Society,  and 
another  plate  will  he  kindly  presented  by  Mr.  Reed  to  illustrate 
the  present  issue. 

4  considerable  amount  of  re-labelling  has  been  done  during 
the  year,  particularly  among  the  Inferior  Oolite  and  Palmozoic 
Fossils. 

Antiquarian  Department.- — The  most  interesting  gift 
that  has  been  made  to  the  Antiquarian  Department  of  the 
Museum  during  the  past  year,  has  been  a  set  of  three  drawings 
of  St.  Mary’s  Abbey  made  by  the  late  Mr.  Samuel  Sharp,  and 
presented  by  his  daughter. 

These  drawings  won  for  Mr.  Sharp  the  Medal  of  the  Society 
of  Arts.  To  us  they  are  of  remarkable  interest.  They  bring 
before  us  the  Grreat  Abbey  as  it  existed,  in  the  opinion  of  the 
draughtsman,  prior  to  the  Dissolution  of  the  Monasteries,  and 
although  some  of  the  restorations  are,  no  doubt,  conjectural, 
they  are  still  very  clever  suggestions  not  inconsiderately  made, 
and  deserving  of  the  most  careful  attention.  No  one  who  looks 
upon  them  can  help  regretting’*  that  so  glorious  a  specimen  of 
the  Decorated  style  of  Architecture  should  have  been  almost 
entirely  destroyed. 

The  Antiquarian  Collections,  generally,  have  made  steady 
progress  during  the  past  year,  and  are  becoming  so  large  and 
choice  that  they  are  attracting  considerable  attention  both  in 
this  country  and  abroad.  Our  great  aim  must  be  to  make  them 
thoroughly  representative  of  this  City  and  neighbourhood.  It 
is  very  much  to  be  regretted  that  no  adequate  attention  was 
paid  to  this  very  important  subject  at  a  much  earlier  period. 

Mineralogy. — The  Society  has  received  specimens  of 
Minerals  during  the  past  year  from  the  Rev.  C.  R.  Scholfield, 
Major  Barstow,  and  the  Rev.  II.  Lowther  Clarke. 

It  was  stated  in  the  Report  of  the  Council  for  1888,  that  the 
Collection  of  Shells  hitherto  kept  in  the  Mineralogical  Room, 
woidd  be  shortly  removed  to  another  place.  This  has  at  length 
been  done,  and  the  Case  which  formerly  contained  the  Shells 
has  been  fitted  up  for  the  reception  of  the  Rock  collection,  which 
is  now  in  process  of  arrangement, 


10 


REPORT  OF  THE 


CoNCHOLOGY. — The  year  1889  has  been  an  important  one  in 
the  history  of  the  Conchological  Department.  A  wish  long 
cherished  bv  the  Honorary  Curator  has  been  at  last  fulfilled,  in 
the  provision  of  suitable  accommodation  for  the  general 
collection  of  Shells. 

Through  the  liberality  of  Mr.  Wm.  Reed,  a  series  of  hanging 
cases  has  been  placed  in  the  gallery  of  the  Teidiary  Room, 
where  the  Recent  Shells  can  be  exhibited  in  a  good  light  and  in 
their  proper  sequence. 

The  Honorary  Curator  has  been  busy  removing  the 
Shells  into  their  new  quarters,  and  re-arranging  the  whole 
collection.  The  Classification  followed  is  that  put  forward  by 
the  American  Conchologist,  Try  on.  It  is  the  most  modern 
and  the  most  scientific,  and  will  consequently  be  very  generally 
adopted,  though  certain  to  shock  the  nerves  of  some  veteran 
Conchologists. 

A  large  quantity  of  Shells,  formerly  hidden  away  in  the 
Cabinets  of  the  Society,  is  now  exhibited,  and  many  new  speci¬ 
mens  have  been  added  during  the  year  by  the  Honorary 
Curator,  and  by  Mr.  Wm.  Reed,  but  there  still  exist  some  gaps 
in  important  groups.  The  Collection  will  not  attain  a  proper 
charaeter,  nor  rise  to  the  level  of  the  other  Departments  of  the 
Museum,  unless  a  small  annual  sum  is  regularly  expended  in 
filling  gaps  and  strengthening  weak  points.  The  Honorary 
Curator  is  particularly  anxious  to  get  rid  of  all  unlocalized 
examples,  as  he  feels  strongly  that  no  specimen  is  much  more  than 
an  “  airy  nothing  ”  unless  it  has  a  “  local  habitation”  as  well 
as  a  name.  He  is  also  anxious  that  Malacology  (or  the  study 
of  the  soft  parts  of  Testaceous  Animals)  should  receive  some 
attention.  This  would  be  best  secured  by  placing  sketches  of 
the  Animals  by  the  side  of  the  Shells,  and  he  would  be  very 
grateful  if  any  Lady  Artist  would  undertake,  either  to  copy 
the  admirable  figures  of  Forbes  and  Hanley,  or  make  original 
sketches. 

Conchology  has  become  of  late  years  such  a  very  popular 
study  that  no  first-class  Museum  ought  to  be  satisfied  with 
a  Collection  which  is  incomplete,  either  in  specimens  or 
arrangement. 


COUNCIL  FOR  1889. 


11 


Comparative  Anatomy. — The  Honorary  Curator  reports 
that  the  Collection  is  in  good  order.  During  the  latter  part  of 
the  year,  the  hones  of  a  cow  were  obtained  ;  these,  it  is  hoped, 
will  shortly  be  articulated,  and  they  will  then  help  to  remedy  that 
deficiency  in  the  commoner  types  which  at  present  impairs  the 
usefulness  of  our  Collection. 

Ornithology. — For  the  Ornithological  Department,  its 
Curator  reports  that  the  work  of  renovation  in  the  British  Birds’ 
Collection  still  progresses  satisfactorily. 

Several  new  cases  have  been  placed  in  the  Strickland  Grallery, 
many  of  the  specimens  contained  being  new  to  the  Collection. 

Among  those  re-cased  are  the  Grreat  Auks  which  now  stand 
side  by  side  each  in  a  case  to  itself. 

A  number  of  presentations  have  been  made,  of  which  a 
detailed  list  will  be  found  elsewhere  in  the  Report ;  but  of  these 
must  here  be  named  a  fine  Emu.  This  bird  had  been  kept  in 
confinement  by  Mr.  Naylor,  of  Leighton  Hall,  Welshpool,  and 
was  by  him  kindly  presented  to  the  Museum.  It  has  been 
capitally  mounted  by  Mr.  E.  Allen,  of  York,  and  will  make  a 
valuable  addition  to  the  Foreign  collection. 

A  magnificent  series  of  New  Gruinea  Birds’  Skins,  47  in 
number,  has  also  been  presented  by  Mr.  Basil  H.  Thomson, 
son  of  our  President,  His  Girace  the  Archbishop  of  York, 
all  of  which  were  collected  by  himself  in  the  Louisiade  and 
d’Entrecasteaux  Islands.  This  collection  contains  33  species,  8 
of  which  are  new  to  science  !  viz  : — 

Cracticus  Louisiadensis. 

Manucodia  Thomsoni. 

Dicseum  nitidus. 

Cinnyris  (Hermotinia) 

Chibia  propinqua. 

Tanysiptera  rosseliana. 

Minox  rosseliana. 

Macropygia  cinereiceps. 

A  large  number  of  eggs  has  also  been  added  to  our  already 
fine  series,  most  of  them  in  clutches.  The  majority  of  the 
smaller  British  Birds’  Eggs  are  now  represented  and  the 
Collection  has  been  greatly  improved. 


12 


REPORT  OF  THE 


I^OTANY. — The  British  and  Foreign  Herbaria  are  in  a  good 
state  of  preservation. 

The  following  flowering  plants  have  been  presented  by  James 
Melrose,  Esq.,  viz  : — 3  Deutzia  crenata.  Some  specimens 
of  Lathifrus  sylvestris  by  Mr.  C.  F.  Hope ;  also  3  Bulrush 
Caterpillars  {Sphceria  Rohertsii)  by  Mr.  J.  Walker,  Esq. 

The  Curator  ventures  to  express  a  hope  that,  at  some  future 
time,  space  may  be  found  for  the  exhibition  of  such  botanical 
specimens  as  possess  a  general  interest. 

Meteorology.' — Temperature.-— three  unusually  cold 
years,  1889  has  nearly  reached  the  average.  The  mean  of  the 
9  a.m.  and  9  p.m.  records  was  47 '4  ;  that  of  the  maxima  and 
minima  48  55. 

February  was  again  the  coldest  month,  the  thermometer 
falling  to  21°  on  the  10th ;  but  the  mean  for  December,  36*7°, 
was  only  OT  higher.  June,  which  nearly  always  ranks  after 
July  and  August,  was  by  far  the  hottest,  averaging  59T°,  or 
5 ’3°  warmer  than  last  year,*  and  warmer  than  any  June  since 
1869  ;  but  on  no  day  in  the  year  did  the  temperature  reach  80°. 

Bright  Sunshine. — The  total,  1144  hours,  was  less  than  any 
of  our  9  years,  except  1885.  June  alone  was  a  sunny  month, 
the  238  hours  representing  477o  of  the  total  amount  possible. 
This  has  only  been  exceeded  in  May,  1881  and  1882,  when 
the  respective  records  were  547=  and  557o.  In  both  January 
and  February  some  8  hours  above  the  average  were  recorded, 
but  even  then  the  respective  amounts  only  reach  1  and  2  hours 
per  day. 

Rain,  falling  on  178  days,  which  was  fewer  than  usual,  gave 
a  total  depth  of  23'40  inches,  against  24*69,  on  a  69  years’  mean. 
On  May  10th,  1*51  inches  fell,  or  more  than  double  the  total 
fall  in  November. 

Floods.  Only  on  October  24th  (10ft.  3in.)  was  more  than 
7ft.  registered. 

The  Barometer  had  a  sliglitly  greater  range  than  last  year. 
The  high  means  in  November  and  December  exceed  by  half 
an  inch  the  low  value  for  October.  The  only  serious  storm 

*  The  mean  for  June  and  July,  last  year,  should  have  been  given  64'6°, 
which  is  0*2®  instead  of  1*2®,  lower  than  in  1871. 


COUNCIL  FOR  1889. 


13 


was  that  of  October  7th,  when  great  damage  was  done  to  Holy- 
head  Pier.  Here  the  wind  was  sufficient  to  tear  off  large  limbs 
from  trees,  and  raindrops  drying  on  the  windows  left  a  deposit 
of  salt.  [The  same,  we  may  notice,  occurred  on  January  19th, 
1890,  when  the  storms  were  again  very  violent  in  the  Irish 
Sea.l 

-I 

Auroras  were  noticed  on  November  26th  and  27th.  This 
coincides  with  the  slight  increase  in  the  number  of  Sun  spots, 
which  appear  to  have  now  passed  their  minimum. 

Henry  Pichardson,  Esquire,  has  again  kindly  supplied 
additional  returns  from  Cherry  Hill ;  and  Pichard  Thompson, 
Esquire,  from  Oswaldkirk,  has  also  done  so.  There  is  less 
difference,  this  year,  in  the  amount  of  bright  sunshine.  It  is 
curious  that,  though  the  total  is  less,  the  percentage  is  more. 
This  is  because  the  number  of  hours  recorded  in  the  months 
with  shortest  days,  December  and  January,  is  so  much  larger, 
whilst  those  in  June  and  July  happen  to  be  proportionately  less. 
A  similar  difference  also  occurred  last  year. 

Library. — The  Library  has  received  a  good  many  additions 
during  the  past  year,  these  additions  consisting  mainly  of  the 
publications  of  various  British,  Colonial,  and  Foreign  scientific 
societies,  presented  by  the  respective  societies. 

Mr.  Peed  continues  to  add  to  the  Peed  Peference  Library  ; 
amongst  his  donatious  during  the  past  year  are  vols.  XXVIII. 
to  XXXII.  of  the  “  Challenger  Peports.” 

In  last  year’s  report,  the  Honorary  Curator  pointed  out 
the  urgent  and  increasing  need  for  extension  of  accommodation. 
To  meet  this  need,  the  Pev  John  Hey  kindly  undertook  to 
re-arrange  the  books  so  as  to  make  the  most  of  the  space  at 
present  at  our  disposal.  Through  his  careful  management,  a 
considerable  economy  of  space  has  been  effected.  But  the 
question  of  extension  will  be  forced  upon  us  at  no  very  distant 
date. 

Photographic  Section.— -This  Section  now  numbers  thirty- 
eight  members. 

Meetings  have  been  held  monthly  during  the  year  at  which 
the  atteadance  has  been  satisfactory;  papers  on  technical  subjects 


14 


REPORT  OF  THE 


being  read  by  the  members,  and  many  objects  of  photographic 
interest  exhibited. 

The  Society  possesses  a  suitable  and  well-appointed  developing 
room,  as  well  as  an  optical  lantern  adapted  equally  for  the 
illustration  of  general  lectures  in  the  theatre  of  the  Museum,  and 
of  papers  read  before  the  Photographic  Section,  as  well  as  for 
the  production  of  enlargements  by  individual  members  from 
their  own  negatives. 

The  Sectional  Committee  has  reason  to  believe  that  the  papers 
and  demonstrations  have  been  appreciated  by  the  members 
attending  the  meetings,  and  have  given  valuable  aid  to  those 
inexperienced  in  the  practice  of  photography. 

At  the  Soiree,  held  in  April,  the  members  exhibited  a  very 
creditable  collection  of  prints  in  the  Council  Poom  of  the 
Museum,  at  which  the  various  modern  processes  of  photographic 
printing  were  represented,  and  an  exhibition  of  lantern  slides 
was  also  given  in  the  theatre. 

The  opening  address  of  the  winter  session  was  delivered  by 
the  President  of  the  Section,  Dr.  T.  Anderson,  in  the  theatre, 
on  the  14th  November,  and  was  thrown  open  to  the  members 
of  the  Society  in  general.  There  was  a  crowded  audience. 
The  subject,  “  Notes  on  a  Photographic  Tour  in  Norway,” 
was  illustrated  by  lantern  views  prepared  from  negatives 
taken  by  the  lecturer  chiehy  during  the  past  summer  ;  the 
camera  and  other  photographic  apparatus  used  on  the  tom"  were 
also  exhibited,  and  many  valuable  practical  hints  were  given  as 
to  the  best  methods  of  packing  and  transporting  photographic 
plates  when  on  a  journey. 

On  this  occasion  was  also  exhibited  a  small  but  choice  collection 
of  photographs,  by  various  processes,  the  production  of  members 
of  the  section. 


43  New  Members,  1  Life  Member,  1  Temporary  Subscriber, 
6  Lady  Subscribers,  and  4  Associates  have  been  added  to  the 
Society’s  List  during  the  past  year,  while  8  Membei-s  and  1 
Lady  Subscriber  have  been  lost  by  death.  30  Members, 
o  Lady  Subscribers,  and  4  Associates  have  resigned  during  the 
past  year. 


COU^JCIL  FOR  1889. 


15 


The  Council  recommend  for  election  as  New  Members  of 
Council : — 

Major  Barstow, 

E-ev.  W.  C.  Hey, 

Mr.  F.  L.  Mawdesley, 

Mr.  J.  E.  Clarke, 

in  the  room  of  Mr.  Backhouse,  Jun.,  Mr.  Buckle,  Mr.  Cussons, 
and  Mr.  Gr.  S.  Gribb,  who  retire  bv  rotation. 

The  Council  also  recommend  for  election  as  Honorary 
Members  : — 

The  Eev.  F.  0.  Morris,  B.A.,  Eector  of  Nunburnholme,  The 
Eev.  Canon  Barnes-Lawrence,  M.A.,  Eector  of  Birkin,  and 
Horace  Bolingbroke  Woodward,  Esq  ,  F.G.S.,  author  of 
“  Greology  of  England  and  Wales.’’ 


16 


HEIGHT  OF  THE  EIVER  OHSE  DHRING 


Date. 


Ft.  In. 


Date. 


Ft.  In.  ' 


Jan. 

1st 

0 

7 

Mar. 

51 

2nd 

• 

0 

10 

55 

55 

3rd 

1 

7 

55 

55 

4th 

1 

4 

55 

55 

5  th 

0 

6 

15 

55 

6th 

0 

9 

55 

55 

7th 

0 

10 

5  • 

5  5 

8  th 

0 

9 

55 

55 

9th 

0 

11 

51 

55 

10th 

1 

7 

55 

11th 

2 

4 

55 

55 

12th 

1 

6 

55 

55 

13th 

• 

0 

7 

55 

55 

14th 

0 

6 

5  5 

55 

loth 

1 

6 

5  5 

55 

16th 

0 

11 

9  5 

55 

17th 

0 

11 

55 

18th 

0 

7 

7  y 

)  ^ 

55 

19th 

1 

6 

5  5 

55 

20th 

0 

10 

«  ^ 

55 

21st 

* 

0 

f  5 

5  • 

22nd 

• 

0 

4 

5  9 

55 

23rd 

• 

0 

11 

55 

24  th 

0 

10 

5? 

25th 

0 

7 

5  5 

55 

26th 

0 

6 

55 

27th 

0 

7 

April 

55 

28  th 

0 

7 

55 

29th 

0 

7 

55 

55 

30th 

2 

55 

55 

31st 

3 

6 

55 

Feb. 

1st 

1 

11 

5  5 

55 

2nd 

2 

111 

55 

55 

3rd 

1 

0 

55 

4th 

2 

5 

55 

55 

5  th 

1 

1 

5  5 

55 

6  th 

• 

0 

10 

55 

55 

7th 

0 

101 

55 

55 

8th 

0 

7 

5  5 

5  5 

9th 

• 

•  3 

5 

)  5 

55 

10th 

0 

11 

55 

11th 

« 

1 

4 

5  5 

55 

12th 

• 

1 

0 

^  ) 

55 

13th 

1 

0 

5  5 

55 

14th 

1 

5 

5  5 

55 

1 5th 

• 

4 

0 

51 

55 

16  th 

1 

6 

5  1 

55 

17  th 

• 

1 

4 

5  1 

55 

18th 

* 

1 

11 

5  1 

55 

19th 

« 

1 

6 

5  5 

55 

20th 

• 

0 

11 

55 

55 

21st 

• 

0 

7 

55 

55 

22nd 

• 

0 

6 

55 

5 

23rd 

. 

0 

11 

i  ” 

55 

24th 

0 

0 

10 

1 

1  95 

51 

25  th 

e 

0 

10 

i 

i  ’ ' 

55 

26  th 

• 

0 

7 

.  May 

27th 

0 

7 

i 

1  95 

28  th 

0 

7 

! 

Mar. 

1st 

• 

0 

6 

5  5 

2nd 

0 

• 

0 

6 

i  51 

■55 

3rd 

0 

. 

0 

6 

51 

5-5 

4th 

• 

• 

0 

6 

51 

.9  th 

0 

0 

0 

6 

S5 

6th 

0  4 

7th 

Water  off. 

8th 

1  2 

9  th 

1  4 

10th 

2  10 

11th 

1  6 

12th 

0  10 

13th 

1  6 

14th 

2  7 

loth 

1  6 

16th 

S.L. 

17th 

18th 

Water  off. 

19th 

1  3 

20th 

-  . 

1  6 

21st 

6  6 

22nd 

4  9 

23rd 

3  0 

24th 

3  9 

2  oth 

3  6 

26  th 

3  3 

27th 

1  6 

28th 

1  2 

29th 

1  0 

30  th 

0  10 

31st 

0  10 

1st 

0  8 

2nd 

0  7 

3rd 

0  7 

4th 

0  7 

oth 

1  6 

6th 

3  6 

7th 

2  1 

8  th 

0  6 

Oth 

3  3 

10  th 

1  4 

nth 

0  6 

12th 

2  3 

13th 

3  6 

14  th 

1  7 

1  oth 

0  6 

16tli  I 
I7tli  j 
18th 
19  th 
20th 
2 1st 
22nd 
23rd 
24  th 
25th 
26  th 
27th 
28  th 
29th 
30th 
1st 
2nd 
3rd 
4th 
oth 

6  th 

7  th 
8th 


"Water  off. 

1  4 

0  6 
0  11 
0  6 


0 

1 

1 


6 

2 

3 


0  6 


1 

1 

1 

1 


0 

1 

1 

1 


0  11 


6 

o 

3 


1 
1 
1 

0  7 
0  6 
0  6 
0  11 
1  0 


Date 


May 

Oth 

55 

10  th 

5  5 

nth 

5  5 

12  th 

55 

13th 

55 

14th 

95 

loth 

55 

•5 

16  th 

17th 

5  5 

18  th 

55 

19  th 

55 

20th 

51 

21st 

55 

22nd 

55 

23rd 

55 

24th 

55 

2  oth 

55 

26th 

55 

27th 

1  5 

28th 

55 

29th 

5  5 

30th 

11 

3ist 

June 

1st 

55 

2nd 

55 

3rd 

55 

4  th 

55 

oth 

55 

6th 

55 

7  th 

55 

8th 

55 

9  th 

55 

10th 

55 

nth 

55 

12th 

11 

13th 

51 

14th 

15 

loth 

5  1 

16th 

15 

17th 

1  5 

18  th 

1 1 

19th 

11 

20  th 

15 

21st 

1 1 

22nd 

5  1 

23rd 

1  5 

24th 

55 

2  oth 

55 

26  th 

55 

27th 

55 

28th 

55 

29  th 

1 1 

30  th 

July 

1st 

55 

2nd 

51 

3rd 

59 

4th 

15 

oth 

5  * 

6th 

59 

7  th 

19 

8  th 

15 

Oth 

19 

iOth 

9^ 

llth 

1889. 

Ft.  In. 
1  0 
0  11 
1  11 
3  11 
1  6 
1  5 

1  0 
1  1 
0  11 
0  7 
0  7 
0  7 
1  0 
0  7 
0  11 
1  0 
1  2 
0  6 
0  11 
0  11 
0  11 
1  1 
0  10 
1  6 
0  7 
1  4 

0  11 
0  7 
1  0 
1  0 
1  0 
1  0 
1  0 
1  0 
0  6 
0  6 
0  6 
0  6 
0  6 
0  6 
0  6 
0  6 
0  5 

0  5 

0  6 
0  0 
0  5 

0  7 
0  6 
0  6 
.  0  6 
,  0  6 
.  0  6 
.  0  6 
.  0  6 
.  0  6 
.  0  5 

.  0  5 

.  0  5 
.  0  e 
.  0  6 
.  0  6 
.  0 
,  0  ^ 


17 


HEIGHT  OF  EIVER  OUSE  DURING  1889  (^Continued). 


Date. 

July 

12tli 

13th 

14  th 

J  J 

15  th 

16th 

3? 

17th 

33 

18th 

33 

19  th 

33 

20th 

33 

21st 

33 

22nd  ] 

33 

23rd  J 

33 

24  th 

33 

25  th 

33 

26th 

33 

27th 

3  3 

28  th 

33 

29th  \ 

33 

30  th  j 

33 

31st 

Aug. 

1st 

33 

2nd 

3  3 

3rd 

33 

4th 

33 

5  th 

33 

6  th 

33 

7  th 

33 

8  th 

33 

9  th 

33 

10th 

3  3 

nth 

33 

1 2th 

3  3 

13th 

33 

14th 

33 

15  th 

33 

16th 

33 

17  th 

33 

18th 

3  3 

19th 

33 

20th 

33 

2lst 

33 

22nd 

33 

23  rd 

53 

24th 

33 

25  th 

33 

26th 

33 

27  th 

33 

28th 

33 

29th 

33 

30th 

33 

31st 

Sept. 

1st 

33 

2nd 

33 

3rd 

33 

4th 

13 

5th 

Ft.  In. 
.  0  6 

.  0  5 

.  0  6 

.  0  6 

.  0  4 

.  0  4 

.  0  4 

.  0  o 

.  0  5 

.  0  5 

Water  off. 

.  .  0  0 
..07 
..11 
..07 
..07 

Water  off. 

.  .  0  5 

..05 
..05 
..05 
..06 
..10 
..11 
..13 
..47 
..12 
.  .  0  10 
..06 
..on 
..on 
..07 
..10 
..11 
..06 
..13 
..06 
..06 
,.20 
..13 
..08 
..10 
.  .  0  10 
.  .  0  10 
..10 
..07 
..06 
..06 
..06 
..06 
..06 
..06 
..04 
..04 


Date. 

Ft. 

In. 

Date. 

Ft. 

In. 

Sept. 

6  th 

.  .  0 

4 

Nov. 

8  th 

• 

1 

2 

33 

7  th 

.  .  0 

4 

35 

9  th 

1 

2 

33 

8th 

.  .  0 

6 

53 

10th 

1 

2 

33 

9th  I 

>3 

nth 

0 

10 

33 

10  th  [ 

Water  off. 

33 

12th 

0 

6 

53 

nth ) 

13th 

1 

2 

Summer  Level  from  12th 

33 

14th 

1 

2 

to  20th. 

'3 

15  th 

1 

0 

33 

21st 

.  .  0 

6 

33 

16  th 

1 

3 

33 

22nd 

.  .  0 

7 

33 

17th 

1 

0 

33 

23rd 

.  .  0 

7 

33 

18th 

1 

3 

33 

24th 

.  .  0 

5 

3  5 

19  th 

1 

3 

33 

25th 

.  .  0 

5 

35 

20th 

1 

2 

33 

26th 

.  .  0 

4 

35 

21st 

1 

1 

33 

27th 

.  .  0 

3 

35 

22nd 

1 

0 

53 

28th 

.  .  1 

0 

33 

23rd 

0 

6 

33 

29  th 

.  .  0 

4 

33 

24th 

1 

0 

33 

30  th 

.  .  0 

4 

33 

25th 

1 

0 

Oct. 

1st 

.  .  0 

33 

26th 

1 

3 

33 

2nd 

.  .  0 

7 

33 

27  th 

0 

10 

O 

drd 

.  .  0 

3 

33 

28th 

0 

8 

33 

4  th 

.  .  0 

3 

35 

29th 

0 

7 

33 

oth 

.  .  0 

6 

33 

30th 

0 

6 

53 

6  th 

.  .  0 

6 

Dec. 

1st 

0 

8 

53 

7  th 

.  .  0 

8 

33 

2nd 

0 

8 

33 

8  th 

.  .  3 

10 

33 

3rd 

0 

8 

33 

9th 

.  .  1 

11 

33 

4th 

0 

6 

53 

10  th 

.  .  3 

0 

33 

5  th 

0 

6 

53 

nth 

2 

0 

33 

6  th 

0 

8 

53 

12th 

.  .  1 

2 

33 

7  th 

0 

6 

53 

13th 

.  .  0 

6 

33 

8  th 

0 

9 

33 

14  th 

.  .  0 

6 

33 

Oth 

1 

8 

33 

J  5th 

.  .  0 

6 

33 

10  th 

2 

10 

35 

16th 

.  .  0 

7 

33 

nth 

1 

8 

35 

17th 

.  .  1 

2 

33 

12th 

1 

0 

33 

18  th 

.  .  1 

0 

33 

loth 

1 

0 

«3 

i9th 

.  .  1 

1 

33 

14  th 

1 

6 

33 

20th 

Water  off. 

33 

15th 

0 

7 

33 

21st 

.  .  5 

0 

33 

16th 

1 

0 

33 

22nd 

.  .  4 

2 

33 

17th 

1 

0 

33 

23rd 

.  .  7 

2 

33 

18  th 

Water  off. 

35 

24th 

.  .  10 

3 

3  3 

19th 

1 

6 

55 

2  oth 

.  .  7 

6 

33 

20th 

1 

5 

55 

2<)th 

.  .  3 

10 

33 

21st 

1 

8 

51 

27th 

1 

9 

33 

22nd 

0 

8 

33 

28  th 

.  .  3 

0 

33 

23rd 

2 

11 

33 

29th 

.  .  2 

6 

33 

24  th 

2 

1 

33 

30th 

.  .  1 

3 

33 

25th 

2 

6 

33 

31st 

.  .  1 

2 

33 

26th 

1 

6 

Nov. 

1st 

.  .  1 

2 

35 

27th 

1 

2 

33 

2nd 

.  .  3 

11 

33 

28th 

1 

0 

53 

8rd 

.  .  2 

6 

3  3 

29th  \ 

33 

4  th 

.  .  2 

11 

33 

30th 

Water  off. 

33 

5th 

.  .  2 

2 

3  3 

31st  ) 

33 

6th 

.  .  1 

6 

33 

7  th 

.  .  1 

4 

The  River  was  at  or  below  Summer  Level  on  10  days,  and  6  inches  or  less  above 

Summer  Level  on  103  days  during  the  year. 


STATION,  YOEK.— THE  MUSEUM. 

Longitude  1"  5' W.,  Latitude  53”  57'  N.  Height  above  Mean  Sea  Level  51  feet. 


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*  The  recording  barometer  indicated  that  the  actual  extremes  wcie,  respectively,  30’74  about  Mid-night  and  28’73  at  6  a.m. 


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BEIGHT  SUNSHINE  VALUES. 


SUPPLEMENTARY  EETUENS, 

SUPPLIED  BY 

H.  EIOBAEDSON,  ESQ,,  and  E.  THOMPSON,  ESQ. 


CHERRY  HILL,  YORK. 


Month,. 

1889. 

Monthly 

Totals. 

Number  of 
days  on  which 
rain  or  snow 
fell. 

York  average 
for  past  40 
years. 
1849-89. 

1889. 
Monthly 
excess  or 
defficiency. 

Inches. 

Inches. 

Jan. 

119 

11 

1-68 

—  -49 

Feb. 

ITl 

17 

1*56 

—  *45 

Mar. 

2-18 

12 

1-65 

+  -53 

April 

1-41 

18 

1-63 

—  *22 

May 

3-63 

13 

1-94 

+  1-69 

June 

0-37 

4 

2-00 

—  1-6S 

July 

1-44 

14 

2-76 

—  1-32 

Aug. 

4-95 

21 

2-36 

-f  2-59 

Sept. 

l-Ol 

13 

1-98 

—  *97 

Oct. 

3-87 

22 

to 

+  1-20 

Nov. 

0-71 

10 

2-00 

—  1-29 

Dec. 

1-50 

16 

l-9o 

—  -46 

Totals 

23-37 

171 

24-19 

—  -82 

RAINFALL  AND  SUNSHINE 
TAKEN  AT  OSWALDKIKK. 

Rainfall. 

Total  No.  of 
hours  of  bright 
sunshine. 

Percentage  of 
actual  sun¬ 

shine  to 
“  possible.” 

Month. 

1*32 

37-06 

15-37 

Jan. 

1-21 

60-45 

22-64 

Feb. 

2-63 

96-00 

26-37 

Mar. 

1-66 

82-75 

19-79 

April 

3*18 

143-61 

29-19 

May 

•24 

220-15 

44-49 

June 

2-61 

147-85 

29-21 

July 

6-56 

102-38 

22-50 

Aug. 

•81 

100-82 

26-95 

Sept. 

4-32 

40-73 

12-72 

Oct. 

•87 

44-92 

18-04 

Nov. 

1-88 

38-20 

17-20 

Dec. 

26.29 

1119-92 

23-70 

Approximate. 

22 


LECTUEES. 


The  following  Evening  Lectures  have  been  delivered  in 
the  Theatre  of  the  Museum  and  Festival  Concert  Eoom  : — 


IN  TEE  MUSEUM: 

Feb.  28th.  On  “  The  Volcanoes  of  Sicily  and  the  Lipari  Islands.” 

By  Dr.  Tempest  Anderson,  M.D.,  B  Sc. 

Nov.  14th.  “Photographic  Notes  on  a  Tour  in  Norway.”  By 
Dr.  Tempest  Anderson,  M.D.,  B.Sc. 


IN  TEE  CONCERT  ROOM: 


Jan.  9th. 

Jan.  30th. 
Feb.  15  th. 

March  5th. 
Nov.  8th. 

Nov.  21st. 

Nov.  28th. 

Dec.  5th. 


On  “  Subterranean  Ice.”  By  the  Pev.  Proeessor  Gr. 
F.  Browne,  B.D. 

On  “  Dante.”  Bv  the  Lord  Bishop  op  Pipon. 

On  “  The  Life  of  a  Yorkshire  Stream.”  By  Proeessor 
L.  0.  Miall. 

On  “  Spectrum  Analysis.”  By  Proeessor  Smithells. 
On  “  Colours  of  Animals.”  By  Alered  Pussell 
Wallace,  F.L.S.,  F.P.O.S. 

On  “  The  Migration  of  Birds.”  By  Henry  Seebohm, 
F.P.S.,  F.L.S. 

On  “Animal  Locomotion.”  By  Eadweard  Muybridge, 
Esq. 

On  “  The  Mammoth  and  its  lessons.”  Bv  H.  H. 

•/ 

Howorth,  M.P.,  F.S.A. 


The  following  papers  were  read : 

“  On  two  groups  of  the  Cretaceous  Selachian  Fish 
PtychodusR  By  A.  Smith  Woodward,  F.G.S. 

“On  the  Tooth  of  a  Carboniferous  Dipnoan  Fish, 
Ctenodus  interru^ptusR  By  A.  Smith  Woodward, 

F.G.S. 


23 


NEW  MEMBERS  ELECTED. 

Allen,  Edward,  Feasegate. 

Allenby,  Major,  31,  St,  Mary's. 

Allison,  William,  Church  Street. 

Bellerby,  John,  45,  Petergate. 

Beresford,  Claudius  de  la  Poer,  P.E.,  78,  Bootham. 
Carr,  John  P.,  The  Banh,  Coney  Street. 

Chapman,  Henry,  High  Ousegate. 

Dalton,  S.  J.,  STceldergate. 

Davies,  Pev.  J.  J.,  27,  St.  Saviourgate. 

Dickenson,  Mrs.  J.  Y.,  1,  Bootham. 

Dyson,  H.,  Seamin' s  Hotel. 

Ellison,  W.  S.,  13,  St.  Mary's. 

Empson,  Henry  William,  40,  Blossom  Street. 
Fletcher,  Mrs.,  6,  Lord  Mayor's  Walk. 

Eorrest,  Miss,  The  County  Hospital. 

Gray,  Joseph  S.,  Mill  View,  Holgate. 

Hammick,  Sir  St.  Yincent,  Bart.,  Marygate. 
Hartley,  Mrs.,  Sycamore  Cottage,  Clifton. 

Hope,  Charles  F.,  E.C.S.,  Grosvenor  Terrace. 

Hurst,  Arthur,  Inglecroft,  Nunthorpe  Avenue. 
Johnson,  P.  J.,  3,  Minster  Court. 

Pitching,  J.  N.,  Heworth. 

Lamb,  George,  Colliergate. 

Lindberg,  Captain,  Clifton. 

McKay,  William,  White  Cross  Lodge,  Haxhy  Road. 
McLeod,  Lieut. -Colonel,  53,  Bootham. 

Mitchell,  Oswald,  22,  Blake  Street. 

Mosley,  George,  F.G.S.,  Holgate. 

Oakes,  Sir  Peginald,  Bart.,  Holgate. 

Oglesby,  J.  John,  7,  Musuem  Street. 

Sawray,  Mrs.,  6,  Driffield  Terrace. 

Taylor,  H.  Dennis,  20,  Bootham  Terrace. 

Turner,  A.  W.,  The  School  of  Art. 

Tute,  A.  0.,  29,  St.  Mary' s. 

Yarvill,  Michael,  St.  Mary's. 

Waind,  Frederick,  19,  High  Ousegate. 

Ware,  John  Tatham,  6,  New  Street. 

Watkins,  Major  F.  W.,  Station  Hotel. 

Wilberforce,  W.  W.,  Millfield  House. 

Worsley,  Arthington,  Lendal. 


24 


Wriglit,  Charles  Edward  Leigh,  DringJiouses  Manor. 
Wright,  Orlando,  Blake  Street. 

Young,  Lev.  J.  E.  M.,  St.  Saviour  gate. 

LIFE  MEMBER. 

Barstow,  Mrs.,  HazelhusJi. 

Glaishy,  Walter,  St.  Leonardos  Place. 

LADY  SUBSCRIBERS. 

Cross,  Mrs.,  12,  Burton  Lane. 

Leighton,  Mrs.  J.  H.,  32,  The  Mount. 

Egerton,  Miss,  Whitioell. 

Holmes,  Mrs.,  12,  Grosvenor  Terrace. 

Hornby,  Mrs.,  Clul  Chambers. 

Jewitt,  Miss  M.  A.,  Peter  gate. 

Kemp,  Miss  Elizabeth,  12,  St.  Mary's. 

Turner,  Miss  M.,  Fisher  gate  Villa. 

ASSOCIATES. 

Baker,  George,  Nunthorpe  Avenue. 

Jones,  G.  Fowler,  Lendal. 

Kelly-Kenny,  Colonel  T.,  Buncombe  Street. 
Stevenson,  Arthur  Gavin,  Nunthorpe  Road. 

TEMPORARY  SUBSCRIBER. 

Harley,  Major,  17,  St.  Mary's. 


THE  TREASUREE 

THE  YOEKSHIEE  PH 

FOR  THE  YEAR  ENDII 

liBr*  INCOME. 

£.  s.  d.  £.  s.  d. 


Subscriptions : 

0 

Members  . 

662 

0 

County  Members  . 

28 

0 

0 

Temporary  Members  . . 

1 

0 

0 

Lady  Subscribers . 

60 

0 

0 

Associates . 

19 

0 

0 

Arrears . 

Compositions  in  lieu 

2 

5 

0 

of  future  Subscrip¬ 
tions  . 

20 

0 

0 

Keys  of  Gates . 

53 

15 

0 

Rents : 

T.  G.  Mann,  Esq.,  St- 

Mary's  Lodge  . 

Mr.  Sykes,  Bootham  and 

50 

0 

0 

Marygate  Towers  .... 
Mr.  Burton,  Marygate 

24 

0 

0 

Baths,  (part  Arrears 
for  1888)  . 

25 

0 

0 

York  Amateur  Boating 

Club  . 

5 

0 

0 

Fine  Art  Society  . 

York  and  District  Field 

2 

0 

0 

Naturalists'  Society, 
less  £l  paid  to  Attend- 

ant . 

2 

0 

0 

Water  Works  Company 

0 

I 

0 

Hire  of  Tent  and  Tables . . 

19 

17 

6 

Less  Carriage, Attendant 

fixing  and  removing 
when  on  Hire,  &c.  .. 

4 

3 

6 

Meteorological  Department .  15  12  0 

Sale  of  Plants  and  Flowers .  18  6 

Whitsuntide  Admission 

Fees  .  11  17  11 

Less; 

Attendants  and 

Police  .  6  10  0 

Joiner  Fixing 

Barricades  ..0  8  3  6  18  3 

- 4  19  8 

Gate  Money .  227  7  11 

Sale  of  Catalogues,  Photographs, &c.  6  11  0 


1225  14  1 

Excess  of  Expenditure  over  Income  31  13  1 


^1257  7  2 


Balance  in  "hands  of  the  Treasurer, 

31  st  December,  1869 .  0  4  4 


ACCOUNT  WITH 

)SOPHICAL  SOCIETY 

81st  DECEMBER,  1889. 


EXPENDITURE. 

£,  8.  d.  £.  8.  d. 

Crown  Rent  .  1  0  0 

Corporation  Rent  .  19  10  0 

Rates  and  Taxes : 

Poor  Rates,  Income  Tax, 

&c.,  St.  Wilfrid  and  St. 


Waterworks  Company  ... .  5  2  11 

Gardeners’ Licenses  ....  2  5  0 


Stamping  Receipt  Book  . .  19  2 

-  30  17  10 

Insurance  .  5  7  0 

Salaries  and  Wages: 

Mr.  Plate auer .  200  0  0 

Mr.  Fielden .  60  0  0 

Miss  Baines  .  39  0  0 

Mr.  Guy  .  25  0  0 

Jas.  Davison  (Pension)  ..  26  0  0 

Attendants,  Museum  and 
Hospitium : 

Attendant  at  Mu¬ 
seum .  57  4  0 

Female  attendant 
at  Museum....  31  4  0 

Female  attendant 
at  Hospitium. .  29  15  0 

-  118  3  0 

Gardeners,  including  Sun- 

dav  attendance  at  Gate . .  84  6  6 

-  552  9  6 

Yorkshire  Insurance  Company — 

Annuity .  198  3  8 

Commission  to  Bankers  less  Interest  3  8  6 

General  Repairs,  Exi^enses,  and  Additions, 
Museum  and  Hospitium. ,  119  7  3 

Estate  .  77  3  2 

Gardens .  9  19  4 

-  206  9  9 

Library  : 

Books,  Binding,  &c .  23  12  5 

Lectures  and  Conversazione: 

Expenses  in  con¬ 
nection  with 
lectures  in  1888  39  19  0 
Ditto,  in  1889  143  5  10 

- -  183  4  10 

Less  : 

Receipts  by  Ad¬ 
missions  and 
Sale  of  Tickets  87  3  8 


Donations . 

.  23  0  0 

110 

3 

Q 

Expenses  of 
zione . 

Conversa- 

13 

0 

0 

Less  Donations 

.... 

3 

0 

0 

Miscellaneous : 

Printing  and  Stationery .  6  17  11 

Printing  Reports  and  Postage  thereof  14  14  5 
Printing  Communications  to  Mein- 


hers  and  postages  of  same 

3 

18 

10 

Coals  and  Gas  : 

Museum  . . 

19 

10 

6 

Gardens  . 

9 

3 

11 

Estate  . . 

14 

1 

2 

42 

15 

7 

Purchases  of  Antiquities. 

37 

9 

9 

Meteorology . . 

15 

12 

0 

Sundries,  including  Firewood, 

Carriage  of  Parcels,  &c .  5  10  7 

Sundry  Postages  .  6  8  3 


£\'2bl  7  2 


£  s.  d. 


Balance  in  hands  of  the 
Treasurer  31st  December, 

1888  .  31  17  5 

Excess  of  Expenditure 

over  Income,  1889 .  31  13  1 


£0  4  4 


EDWIN  GRAY,  Hon.  Treasurer. 

and  found  correct, 

J.  A.  CUNNINGHAME. 


York,  4th  February,  1890. 


26 


DONATIONS  TO  THE  MUSEUM  &  LIBRAEY. 


LIBRARY. 


Books  Peesented. 


Dokors. 


The  Indian  Grovernmenf. 


j  j 


5) 


)  f 


»  ) 


The  Trustees  of  the 
British  Museum. 


The  Journal  of  the  Chemical  Society,  ]  ^  . 

''  ^  The  Society. 

voL  ly,  and  Ivi.,  1889,  and  Abstracts.  .  ) 

The  Pecords  of  the  Greological  Suryey  of'^ 

India,  yol.  xxi.,  part  4,  yoL  xxii,  parts 

1,  2,  3  . 

A  Bibliography  of  Indian  Geology,  being 
a  List  of  Books  and  Papers  relating 
to  the  Geology  of  British  India  and 

adjoining  Countries,  1889  . 

Catalogue  of  Fossil  Fishes,  part  1 . \ 

Cephalopoda,  part  1 
Chelonians  and  Croc¬ 
odiles,  Marsupiala,  and  Monotremata 
Catalogue  of  Fossil  Peptilia  and  Amphi-  ) 

bia,  part  2 . 

Illustrations  of  the  Lepidoptera  and 
Heterocera  in  the  Collections  of  the 

British  Museum  . 

The  Peport  of  the  British  Association 

for  the  adyancement  of  Science,  Bath,  (  The  Association 

1888  . 

The  Peport  of  the  Smithsonian  Institution 

for  1 886,  part  I . 

The  Bulletin  of  the  American  Geogra-  , 

phical  Society,  supplement  to  yol.  xx.  ;  The  Society, 
and  yol. xx.,  part  4,  yol.  xxi,  parts,  1 ,  2,  3  ) 

The  Transactions  of  the  New  York  , 

Academy  of  Sciences,  yol.  yiii,  Nos.  J  The  Academy. 

1,  2,  3,  4,  with  reprints  . 

The  Proceedings  of  the  Geologists’ 

Association,  yol.  xi..  Nos.  1,  2,  3,  4,  5 
The  Memoirs  and  Proceedings  of  the 
Manchester  Literary  and  Philosophical 
Society,  yol.  ii.,  4th  series  (yol.  xxxii. 
old) . 


The  Institution. 


The  Association. 


The  Society. 


27 


Books  Presented. 


Donors. 


i 


The  Monograph  of  the  British  Jurassic'^ 
Gasteropoda,  part  1,  No.  3  (Inferior 
Oolite),  and  reprint  from  the  Geologists’ 
Association,  on  the  Geological  History  ' 
of  Iron  Ores,  by  W.  H.  Hudleston, 

M.A.,  F.R.S . 

The  Transactions  of  the  Zoological  Society, ) 
of  London,  vol.  xii.,  parts  8  and  9 
The  Proceedings  of  the  Leicester  Literary  ^ 
and  Philosophical  Society,  parts  10,  11,  j 

V 

12,  1889.  Transactions  vol.  ii.,  part  1, 

1889  . . 

The  Meteorological  Observations  at, 
Stations  of  the  2nd  order,  1885  .... 
The  Report  of  the  International  Meteoro¬ 
logical  Committee,  Zurich,  September, 

1888,  4th  Meeting  . 

The  Report  of  the  Meteorological  Council 
to  the  Royal  Society  for  the  year  1888 
The  Hourly  Readings,  parts  1,  2,  3,  4,  | 
1886,  Quarterly  Weather  Reports,  new  | 
series,  parts  4,  5,  1879,  and  Weekly  j 

and  Daily  Weather  Reports  . 

Tlie  Proceedings  of  the  Royal  Institution 
of  Great  Britain,  vol.  xii.,  part  2, 

*No.  82  . . 

The  Transactions  of  the  Natural  History  ' 
Society  of  Northumberland,  Durham,  f 
and  Newcastle-upon-Tyne,  vol.  viii.,  \ 

part  3,  vol.  x.,  part  1  . . . ^ 

The  Proceedings  of  the  Bristol  Natur¬ 
alists’  Society,  new  series,  vol.  vi., 

part  1 . 

The  Report  and  Proceedings  of  the 
Belfast  Natural  History  and  Philo¬ 
sophical  Society,  1888-89  . 

The  Proceedings  of  the  Warwickshire 
Naturalists’  and  Archaeologists’  Field 
Club,  33rd  Annual  Report,  1888 


The  Author. 


The  Society. 


The  Society. 


The  Meteorological 
Society. 


The  Institution. 


The  Society. 


The  Society. 


The  Society. 


The  Society. 


•  «  •  • 


28 


Books  Pkesented. 

The  Papers  and  Proceedings  of  the  \ 

Hampshire  Field  Club,  Nos.  1,  2 _ 

The  Geological  Survey  of  Minnesota  for 


1872-73 


The  Proceedings  of  the  Academy  of 
Natural  Sciences  of  Philadelphia,  part 
•3,  1885,  parts  1  and  3,  and  18  other 

pamjphlets . 

The  Journal  of  the  Liverpool  Geological 

Association,  vol.  viii.,  1887-88’  . 

The  Transactions  of  the  Leeds  Geological 
Association,  part  4,  1888  . 

The  Calendar  of  the  Yorkshire  Colleo:e, 

Leeds,  for  1889-90  . 

The  Papers  and  Proceedings  of  the 

Hampshire  Field  Club,  No.  3 . 

The  Annual  Peport  of  the  Manchester 

Microscopical  Society,  1888  . 

The  Demands  of  Darwinism  on  Credulity, 
by  the  Pev.  F.  0.  Morris  . 

The  Annual  Peport  of  the  Leeds  Literary 
and  Philosophical  Society,  1888-89  . . 
The  Annual  Peport  of  the  Australian 

Museum  for  1888 . 

The  Proceedings  of  the  Pussian  Geo¬ 
logical  Society,  vol.  ii..  Nos.  4,  5,  vol. 
hi..  Nos.  3,  4,  vol.  v.,  No.  4,  vol.  viii.. 
No.  1,  and  Bulletins,  vol.  vii..  Nos.  6, 
7,8,  9,  10  . 


/ 


\ 

) 

! 

) 

) 


The  Transactions  of  the  Naturalists’  ^ 
Society  of  Kieff,  Pussia,  vol.  x.,  part  1  ) 
Annalen  des  K.  K.  Naturhistorischen  j 
Hofmuseums  :  Jahresbericht  fiir  1888,  ; 

by  Franz  Pitter  Von  Hauer  . ’ 

Udsigt  over  den  Pomerske  Satires  Forsk- '' 
jelHge,  Arter  og  Deres  operindelse 
Catul’s  Digtning  Oplyst  i  den  sammen- 
hoeng  med  den  Fidligere  Groeske  og  ^ 
LatinskeLitteratur,Yon  L.  B.  Stenersen 
Guderne  Hos  Vergil,  Bidrag  til  den 
Fidligere  Groeske  og  Latinske  Littera- 
ture,  Von  A.  B.  Drachmann  . / 


Doxoes. 


W.  Whitaker,  Esq., 

B.A. 


The  Association. 
The  Association. 
The  College. 

The  Society. 

The  Society. 

The  Author. 

The  Society. 

The  Museum. 

The  Society. 

The  Society. 

The  Author. 


The  Poyal  University, 
Norway. 


29 


Books  Peesented. 


Donors. 


Mittheilungen  der  Loop :  Carol :  Aka- 
demie.  Beitriige  zur  Kenntniss  der 
Nacktsclinecken,  Mit  4,  TafelnNr.  i. — 
iv.  Tiber  die  Periodicitat  der  Sonnen- 
flecken,  Jabre  1618.  Ueber  Das 
Normalensystem  und  die  Centralflaclie 
algebraischer  Placheii  2ten  Grrades, 
Ueber  den  meelianisclien  Ban  des 
Blattrandes,  Mit  3,  Tafeln  Nr.  v. — vii. 

Leopoldina  (Amtliches  Organ  der 
Kaiserlicben  Leopoldina-Caroliniscben 
Dentschen  Akademie  der  Naturfor- 
scher)  . 


Bergens  Museums  Aarsberetning  for  1888 

The  Cephalopoda  of  the  Cretaceous  and 
Jurassic  formations,  and  Notes  on  the 
Jurassic  of  the  Himalayas  of  Central 
Asia,  by  Professor  Nikitin,  St.  Peters-  ! 

burg,  Russia . . . / 

Notes  on  Oxfordian  Cephalopoda,  by  j 
Professor  Eudes-Desloagchamps,  St. 

Petersburg,  Russia . 

Atti  della  Reale  Accademia  dei  Lincei, 
vol.  iv..  Nos.  6  to  12,  vol.  v..  Nos.  1 

to  12,  vol.  V.,  Nos.  1  to  6  . 

Bollettino  delle  Publicazioui  Italiane,  ) 

Nos.  72  to  95  . j 

Annuario  del  Observations  Astronomico 
Nacional,  Mexico,  1889-90,  by  Angel 

Anguiano  . 

Mittheilungen  des  Yereins  fiir  Erdkunde  ) 


zu  Leipzig,  1888-89  . 

A  Plan  of  the  City  ^-Yalls  of  Chester.  .  .  . 
Restored  Plans  and  Architectural  Draw¬ 
ings  of  St.  Mary’s,  with  manuscript 
descriptions  by  the  late  Mr.  S.  Sharp 
Five  vols.  of  Book  Plates,  collected  bv 
Mr.  Henry  Peckitt,  of  Carlton  Husth- 
waite,  with  index  . 


The  Academy. 


The  Director,  Bergen 
Museum. 


The  Author. 


The  Author. 


The  Council. 


The  Author, 


The  Society. 

C.  Roach  Smitli,  F.S.A. 

Miss  Sliarp. 


Mrs.  Peckitt,  Thorntou- 
le-Moors. 


30 


EEED  EEFEEENCE  LIBEAEY. 


BOOKS  ADDED  TO  THE  EEFEKENCE  LIBEAEY,  1889. 


Dois’or. 


1844 — Eoemer  (Dr.  Carl  Ferdinand), 
Das  Eheinische  Uebergangsgebirge, 
impl.  4to  Plates  of  Fossils,  Hanover 
1830 — Pidgeon  (Edward),  Fossil  Eemains 
of  the  Animal  Kingdom,  with  Plates, 

4to .  . 

1847 — Owen  (Eichard),  The  Archetype 
and  Homologies  of  the  Vertebrate 

Skeleton,  8vo . . . 

1882 — Woodward  (Horace  B.),  . . 

A  Memoir  of  Dr.  S.  P.  Woodward, 
with  list  of  his  published  papers  .... 

1888 —  Thompson  (Beeb}^,  F.Gr.S.),  The 
Middle  Lias  of  Northamptonshire,  8vo. 

1889 —  Postlethwaite  (John),  F.Gr.S., 

Mines  and  Mining  of  the  Lake 
District,  2nd  Edition . 

1889 — The  Geological  Eecord,  vol,  ii., 
1880—84  . 


]  Mr.  W.  Eeed,  F.G.S. 


1889 — Whitaker  (Wm.),  The  Geology  of  i 

London,  2  vols .  j 

1889 — Eeynolds,  Geological  Atlas  of 

Great  Britain,  2nd  Edition . 

1889 — Eeynolds,  Guide  to  the  Environs  | 
of  London,  with  Map  geologically  col¬ 
oured,  scale,  ^iu  to  the  mile  . .  | 

1389 — Omes  (Chas.  L.),  F.E.S.,  A 

Manual  of  Dental  Anatomy,  Human  | 

and  Comparative .  I 

1889 — The  Geological  Magazine  ......  I 

1889 — The  Challenger  Eeports,  vols.  I 
xxviii.,  xxix.,  2  vols.  Text,  1  Plates,  I 
vol.  XXX.,  1  vol.  Text,  1  Plates,  vol.  • 
xxxi.  and  xxxii . / 


31 


MUSEUM. 

GEOLOGICAL  UEPAETMENT. 

Donors. 

A  series  of  Fossils  from  tlie  Chloritic . 

Marl  of  Evershot,  Dorset  . 

A  small  series  of  Fossils  from  the  Lias  1 

of  Himtclilfe  and  Hummersea  .  ;  Mr.  J.  F.  Walker,  M.A. 

) 

Specimen  of  Waldheimia  Gesneri  from  the 
Coralline  Oolite  of  Heddington,  Oxford¬ 
shire  . 

A  large  number  of  Fossils,  chiefly  from\ 
the  English  Tertiary  and  Carboniferous 
Limestone  of  Kildare  (collected  by  Mr. 

Charlesworth)  . .  . )  Mr.  Wm.  Feed,  F.G.S. 

Three  Skulls  and  three  very  fine  paddles 
and  vertebrae  of  Saurians  from  the 
Lias,  Whitby  . j 


ZOOLOGY  AND  COMPAKATIVE  ANATOMY. 


Case  of  Purple  Sandpipers  from  Essex,  \ 

shot  and  presented  by . .  j 

Young  Fed-throated  Diver  from  Scar-  i 

borough,  shot  and  presented  by . i 

Young  Grreen  Woodpecker  from  Columbia 
A  very  fine  Collection  of  Birds  Skins  from  \ 
New  Guinea  and  adjoining  Islands  ;  ^ 
also  three  Skins  of  the  Oppossum,  ^ 
presented  by . . . 


A  Night  Jar 


Green  Woodpecker  and  Six  Eggs  taken 

near  Helmsley . 

Turtle  Dove  from  Cornborough,  near 
Strensall 


Mr.  J.  Backhouse, 
Junr.,  F.Z.S. 

Mr.  Lambert. 


Mr.  Basil  Thomson. 


Mr.  E.  B.  Kendall, 
Pavement. 

Mr.  W.  B.  Havelock, 
Helmsley. 

Mr.  F.  Bullivant. 


An  Emu . j 

Two  Specimens  of  Black  Guillemots  from  \ 

the  West  Coast  of  Ireland . ) 

Two  Steiaiums  of  Si/rrhaptes  paradoxus  \ 
(Pallas’  Sand  Grouse) . j 


Mr.  C.  J.  Naylor, 
Leighton  Hall. 

Mr.  Garwood,  Acomb. 

Mr.  Filey  Fortune, 
Harrogate. 


32 


Donoes. 


A  Clutch  of  Eggs  of  the  Kittiwake,  taken  \ 

at  Bempton  . ) 

A  fine  Collection  of  Insects  from  Japan, 

.  collected  and  presented  by . j 

A  Collection  of  about  1100  Becent  Shells  \ 
in  a  cabinet  of  20  drawers . i 


Mr.  J.  Wheldon. 

Mr.  B.  A.  Allenbv, 
St.  Mary’s. 

Mr.  W.  Beed,  F.Gr.S. 


A  small  Collection  of  Becent  Shells  ....  | 

A  small  Collection  of  Foreign  Beetles  .  . 

Wolf  Fish  from  Bedcar  . . 

Specimen  of  Terehratella  sanguinea  from  ) 

the  Sandwich  Islands . j 

Shells  from  West  Indies,  and  Nest  of  the  | 
Hermit  Ant  . ) 


Bev.  C.  B.  Schofield, 
Ouseburn. 

Bev.  F.  0.  Morris. 

Bev.  W.  C.  Hey,  M.A. 

Mr.  J.  F.  Walker,  M.A. 
Miss  Barstow. 


MOERALOGIY. 

A  fine  Specimen  of  Mesolite  from  the  ^  Bev.  H.  Lowther 
Griants  Causeway,  Ireland  . j  Clarke. 

Specimens  of  Grold  Ore  and  Argentiferous  1  ^ 

^  o  1  P  .  Major  Barstow. 

(jialena  from  South  Africa . ,) 

A  small  Collection  of  Bocks  and  Minerals  i  Bev.  C.  B.  Schofield, 
chiefly  from  Vesuvius  . j  Ouseburn. 

BOTANY  AND  DARDENS. 

Three  Specimens  Bullrush  Caterpillar 
Sphoeria  Rohertsii  . . 

Tliree  Deutzia  Crenata . .  ^  r  -r  Tir  i 

.  [  Mr.  James  Melrose. 

Twenty  yards  of  Sods  to  repair  Lawns. .  ) 

Specimens  of  Lathyrus  silvestris .  Mr.  C.  F.  Hope. 


j  Mr.  J,  C.  Walker. 


APPARATUS,  &c. 

A  Portrait  in  Oil  of  the  late  Dr.  Wasse,  i  -r  i  ^ 

(  Mrs.  Lambert,  Sow- 

of  Moat  Hall,  one  of  the  Founders  of)  ^ 

\  erbv,  iliirsk. 

this  Society  . . . ^ 

A  Cabinet  containing  20  drawers .  Mr.  AV.  Beed,  F.Gr.S. 

A  Magic  Lantern  an.l  Stand  complete,  \ 
to  illustrate  lectures  and  for  use  by  / 

^  ^  _  •  n  1  Dr.  lempest  Anderson, 

the  photographic  section  lor  enlarge-  i 

ment  of  photographs,  &c.  . / 


33 


ANTIQUITIES. 

Donors. 


A  Dish  of  Oastleford  Ware,  an  old  Pipe, 
a  large  portion  of  a  bowl  of  Samian 
Ware  and  other  fragments  with  Potters 
marks,  and  a  bone  Poman  Needle, 

found  at  45,  Bootham . 

A  Blade  of  a  Dagger  found  at  Burgh- 

wallis,  near  Doncaster . 

Part  of  an  Ancient  Grave-cover  found  on 
the  site  of  the  Carmelite  Priory,  Poss- 

gate  . 

A  Bronze  Medal  for  the  battle  of  the 

Nile  . . 

Stone  Axe,  Burnt  Barley,  Nuts,  and  part 
of  a  bone  Needle  from  Pobenhausen 

on  the  Lake  of  Zurich . 

A  Shell  Chisel  picked  up  at  Iguana 

Islands,  Antigua . 

Poman  bone  Pin,  found  under  the  Pam- 

parts  . 

A  Silver  Penny  of  Alexander  III.  of 
Scotland,  found  at  He  worth  . 


) 

j 


} 

) 


y 

I 

i 


J.  F.  Walker,  M.A., 
F.G.S. 

Pev.  F.  W.  Peel, 
Burghwallis. 

J.  T.  Biscomb. 

T.  B.  Whytehead. 
Miss  Scotchburn. 

Miss  Barstow. 

Mr.  Cooper,  Newton 
Street. 

G.  S.  Gibb. 


2  Hand-Bricks  from  Guernsey . | 

Block  of  Ped  Chalk  found  in  a  Poman  ^ 

Urn  at  Ilklev  . ) 

A  pair  of  Ladies’  Pattens  used  with  her  j 

high-heeled  shoes .  i 

F our  Early  Stone  Implements  from  Ireland 
A  number  of  pre-historic  Axes  from  ) 

Central  France . ) 

Three  Skulls  and  two  Thigh  Bones  of  \ 
Patagonians  from  Terra  Del  Fuego,  / 

dug  up  and  presented  by  . ' 


Captain  Lukis, 
Guernsey. 
John  Holmes, 

Poundhay,  Leeds. 
Pev.  C.  B.  Norcliffe, 
Langton  Hall. 
Pev.  H.  L.  Clarke. 
Tempest  Anderson, 
M.D. 

H.  L.  Peynard, 
Fulford. 


34 


SERIAL  WORKS  SUBSCRIBED  FOR. 

Natural  History  of  the  Tineina,  by  H.  T.  Stanton,  F.H.S. 
Nautical  Almanack. 

Proceedings  of  the  Zoological  Societ}". 

Publications  of  the  Paleeontographical  Society. 

,,  ,,  Pay  Society. 

Sowerby’s  Thesaurus  Conchyliorum. 

Annals  and  Magazine  of  Natural  History. 

Geological  Magazine. 

Journal  of  the  British  Archaeological  Association. 
Numismatic  Chronicle. 

Memoirs  de  la  Societe  Paleontologicj[ue  Suisse. 
D’Orbigny’s  Paleontologie  Prancaise. 

Geological  Pecord. 

Nature. 

Publications  of  the  Surtees  Society. 

Hardwicke’s  ‘‘  Science  Gossip.” 

The  Yorkshire  Archaeological  Journal. 


RESOLUTIONS 

PASSED  A.T  THE  ANNUAL  MEETING,  HELD  FEB.  4th,  1890. 

1.  That  the  Peport  of  the  Council  now  read  be  adopted  and 
printed  for  circulation  amongst  the  Members,  Lady  Subscribers, 
and  Associates  of  the  Society. 

2.  That  the  thanks  of  the  Society  be  given  to  the  Members  of 
the  Council  retiring  from  office,  also  to  the  Treasurer,  Secretary, 
and  Curators,  for  their  valuable  services  ;  and  that  authority  be 
given  to  the  Council  to  give  admission  to  the  Public  to  the  Museum 
on  Whit-Monday  and  Tuesday,  under  the  same  regulations  as  last 
year. 

3.  That  the  thanks  of  the  Meeting  be  given  to  the  Chairman. 


COMMUNICATIONS 


TO  THE 

MONTHLY  MEETINGS 

OF  THE 

YORKSHIRE  PHILOSOPHICAL  SOCIETY, 

1889. 


PL  A  TYCRCER  OPS  RICIIARDSONI. 

The  specimen,  of  which  a  view  is  given  in  fig.  1  of  Plate 
I.,  is  one  of  the  treasures  of  the  Museum,  and  is  absolutely 
unique.  It  was  obtained  not  later  than  1854  from  the 
London  Clay  of  Herne  Bay,  in  Kent,  and  was  described  in  the 
British  Association  Report  for  that  year,  by  Mr.  E.  Charles  worth, 
under  the  name  of  Platychoerops  Richardsoni ;  it  was  again 
described,  with  a  figure,  by  Sir  Richard  Owen,  in  the  Geological 
Alagazine  for  1865,  as  Miolophus  planiceps.  The  specimen 
consists  of  the  middle  portion  of  the  skull  of  a  small  mammal, 
of  about  the  size  of  the  common  fox,  which  has  been 
considerably  fiattened  by  pressure.  It  shews  the  anterior  part 
of  the  skull,  the  commencement  of  the  zygomatic  arches,  the 
frontal  region,  and  a  considerable  portion  of  the  palate.  Five 
teeth  are  preserved,  namely,  the  last  and  penultimate  ones  on 
both  sides,  and  on  the  right  side  the  fourth  tooth  from  the  hinder 
end  of  the  series.  These  molariform  teeth  (fig.  la^)  have  fiattened 
crowns,  carrying  three  cusps  or  tubercles  arranged  in  a  triangle, 
and  an  internal  ledge  or  cingulum.  The  outer  cusps  have  their 
external  surface  somewhat  fiattened  and  inclined  inwardly, 
while  the  inner  cusp  is  somewhat  Y-shaped.  This  type  of  tooth 
belongs  to  that  modification  which  Professor  Cope  has  proposed 
to  call  the  trituhercular — a  type  very  common  among  the 
mammals  of  the  early  Eocene.  In  advance  of  the  next  anterior 
tooth  now  remaining,  there  were  evidently  toothless  intervals  in 
the  jaw,  but  whether  there  w^as  a  tooth  immediately  in  contact 
with  the  first  now  remaining  cannot  be  determined.  So  far  as 
can  be  seen,  the  bony  palate  appears  to  have  been  prolonged 
for  some  distance  behind  the  last  tooth. 


36 


In  his  description  of  the  specimen,  Sir  R.  Owen  regarded  it 
as  indicating  a  Perissodaetjle  Ungulate,  allied  to  Syracotheriwn 
of  the  same  beds  ;  hut  this  view  is  at  once  negatived  by  the 
form  of  the  teeth,  which  have  no  sort  of  resemblance  to  those  of 
the  so-called  Lophodont  type  which  are  found  in  that  genus. 
The  structure  of  the  teeth  shows,  indeed,  that  their  owner 
belonged  to  a  generalised  group  of  mammals,  which  Professor 
Cope  has  collectively  denominated  Bunotheria,  and  has  sub¬ 
divided  into  several  orders  or  sub-orders,  some  of  which,  like  the 
Creodonta,  are  most  nearly  allied  to  the  modern  Carnivora,  while 
others,  like  the  Condylarthra,  approximate  to  an  Ungulate  type, 
and  others  again  cannot  well  be  included  in  any  existing  order. 
When,  however,  we  have  to  decide  to  which  of  these  groups  the 
specimen  should  be  referred,  the  question  becomes  very  difficult 
indeed,  owing  to  the  imperfect  nature  of  the  fossil. 

The  first  suggestion  as  to  its  affinity  with  these  primitive 
types  was  made  in  the  Geological  Magazine  for  1885,  p.  360, 
where  it  was  suggested  that  it  was  generically  identical  with  a 
form  described  by  Professor  Cope  under  the  name  of  Esthonyx ; 
this  view,  however,  was  not  accepted  by  the  founder  of  the  latter 
genus.  Quite  recently.  Dr.  Schlosser,  of  Munich,  in  his  work 
on  the  Fossil  Carnivora,  etc.,  of  the  Tertiaries  of  Europe,  now 
in  com’se  of  publication  in  the  Beitr.  pal.  Oeder-Hungar., 
considers  that  Blatyclioerops  should  find  a  place  among  the 
Creodant  Carnivora. 

None  of  the  Creodonts  that  have  come  under  the  writer’s 
notice  have,  however,  molar  teeth  exactly  like  those  of  the 
specimen  under  consideration ;  while  those  of  Esthonyx^  as 
figured  in  Plate  xxiv.,  c,  of  Professor  Cope’s  magnificent  work 
on  the  “Tertiary  Yertebrata  of  the  West,”  published  by  the 
U.S.  Geological  Survey  of  the  Territories,  are  so  like  those  of 
the  English  specimen  that  it  is  very  difficult  to  believe  that  the 
two  forms  are  not  nearly  related.  Unfortunately  the  absence 
of  the  anterior  teeth  in  the  type  of  P lady  cheer  ops  renders  it 
impossible,  at  present,  to  be  absolutely  certain  on  this  point ; 
and  the  best  hope  of  arriving  at  a  satisfactory  conclusion  would 
be  to  obtain  either  actual  upper  molars  of  Esthonyx  from 
America,  or,  failing  those,  a  cast  of  the  type  specimens.  Till 
this  be  done,  the  question  of  the  true  affinity  of  the  unique 
fossil  of  the  York  Museum  must  renaain  un.decided, 


37 


ON  THE  TOOTH  OF  A  CAEBONIFEEOHS 
DIPNOAN  FISH:  CTEN0DU8  INTERRUFTUS. 

The  known  remains  of  the  Upper  Palaeozoic  Dipnoan  Fish, 
Ctenodus,  are  all  of  so  fragmentary  a  nature,  that  the  teeth  alone 
can,  at  present,  he  employed  for  the  distinction  and  definition 
of  the  species  of  the  genus.  It  is  thus  unfortunate  to  observe 
that  these  teeth  not  only  vary  considerably  in  the  different 
stages  of  growth  of  individuals  of  a  single  species,* * * §  hut  are  also 
much  changed  in  the  appearance  of  their  dental  crown  by  various 
agencies  of  post-mortem  corrosion  and  abrasion.  According 
to  the  latest  researches,  several  supposed  “  species  ”  owe  their 
distinction  merely  to  causes  of  this  nature,  and  the  table  of 
synonymy  is  hence  somewhat  lengthy. f  Moreover,  a  few 
forms  that  appear  to  be  correctly  regarded  as  well-marked 
specific  types,  are  as  yet  only  inadequately  defined ;  and  the 
present  note  relates  to  a  tooth  in  the  Society’s  Museum  which 
falls  under  the  latter  category.  This  fossil  was  obtained 
from  the  Carboniferous  Limestone  Series  of  Grilmerton,  near 
Edinburgh,  and  is  shown,  of  the  natural  size,  in  Plate  I-,  fig  2  ; 
it  was  briefly  noticed  by  Mr.  T.  P.  Barkas,  F.H.S.,  in  1869,  J 
under  the  name  of  Ctenodu8  interrupt  us  ^  and  a  short  diagnosis, 
without  figure,  was  published  later  in  the  same  year.§ 

The  tooth  is  referable  to  the  left  side  of  the  lower  jaw,  and 
is  somewhat  broken  at  the  margins,  especially  in  its  anterior 
half.  There  are  indications  of  fourteen  coronal  ridges,  of  which 
the  foremost  (x)  is  broken,  bent  forward,  and  much  abraded, 
while  the  eighth  and  eleventh  appear  as  intercalated  at  the 
outer  margin,  not  extending  inwards  beyond  the  middle  of  the 
tooth.  So  far  as  preserved,  each  complete  ridge  is  subdivided 
in  its  outer  half  into  a  series  of  broad  distinct  tuberculations, 
but  becomes  much  laterally  compressed  in  its  inner  half,  and  is 
even  or  exhibits  only  few  feeble  traces  of  transverse  constrictions. 
The  tubercles  have  the  form  of  large  rounded  mammillae,  and 

*  A.  Fritsch,  “Fauna  der  Gaskohle,  etc.,  Bohmens,”  vol.  ii.  (1888),  p.  71,  PI. 
Ixxiii. 

t  Woodward  and  Sherborn,  “  Catalogue  of  Briti«b  Fossil  Yertebrata”  (1890), 
pp.  51  —  53. 

X  “  Scientific  Opinion,”  vol.  i.,  p.  515. 

§  Ibid.,  vol.  ii.,  p.  113. 


38 


the  majority  are  so  much  compressed  that  their  transverse 
diameter  considerably  exceeds  their  length  in  the  direction  of 
the  axes  of  the  ridges  to  which  they  belong. 

As  remarked  by  Mr.  Barkas,  the  tooth  thus  described  is 
distinguished  from  the  teeth  of  the  most  nearly  allied  species, 
C.  cristatus,  by  the  comparative  smoothness  of  the  inner  moiety 
of  each  ridge,  and  by  the  distinct  separation  of  the  much 
compressed  denticles.  That  it  is  a  comparatively  constant  form 
of  tooth  in  the  Carboniferous  Limestone  Series  of  South 
Scotland,  has  been  pointed  out*  to  the  present  writer  by  Dr. 
R.  H.  Traquair,  F.R.S.,  during  a  recent  visit  to  Edinburgh  ; 
and  Ctenodus  interriiptus  is  doubtless  to  be  regarded  as  the 
Lower  Carboniferous  representative  of  the  well-known  C.cHstatiis 
of  the  Coal  Measures. 

A.  Smith  Woodward. 


ON  TWO  ORODPS  OF  TEETH  OF  THE 
CRETACEOUS  SELACHIAN  FISH  PTYCHODUS. 

Several  discoveries  of  large  groups  of  teeth  of  the  well-known 
Cretaceous  genus,  Ptychodus,  have  already  been  recorded  from 
the  English  Chalk ;  and  in  the  case  of  one  species,  P.  decurrens, 
the  dentition  has  been  found  in  a  sufficiently  complete  state  for 
satisfactory  restoration.*  The  fact  has  also  been  emphasised, 
that  these  associated  groups  of  teeth  prove  the  ornamentation 
of  the  dental  crown  to  have  varied  little  in  different  parts  of  the 
mouth.  Hitherto,  however,  series  of  figures  of  such  associated 
teeth  have  only  been  published  in  the  case  of  Ptychodus 
decurrens,  and,  to  a  slight  extent  also,  of  P.  multi striatus  f  and 
one  variety  of  P.  poly  gyrus.  +  It  is  thus  of  interest  to  be  able, 
through  the  generosity  of  William  Reed,  Esq.,  F.Gr.S.,  to  offer 
a  few  remarks  on  two  fine  groups  of  teeth  of  other  species 
or  varieties  in  the  Society’s  Museum,  illustrated  by  the 
accompanying  Plate  I.,  figs.  3 — 20. 


*  Smith  Woodward,  “  On  the  Dentition  and  Affinities  of  the  Selachian  Genus 
FtychodmP  Q,uart.  Journal  Geol.  Soc.,  vol.  xliii.  (1887),  p-  l‘^3,  PI.  x.  ;  also 
‘‘  Synopsis  of  the  Vertebrate  Fossils  of  the  English  Chalk,”  Proc.  Geol.  Msoc., 
vol.  X.  (1888),  p.  296,  woodc. 

t  Smith  Woodward,  “  Catalogue  of  Fossil  Fishes  in  the  British  Museum,” 
pt.  i.  (1889),  p.  146,  PI.  V.,  tigs.  4—6. 


1.  Ptychodus  Mammillaris,  Agassiz.  (Figs.  3 — 14.) 

An  associated  series  of  eighty  teeth  from  the  Chalk  near 
Rochester,  Kent,  is  referable  to  the  well-known  P.  mammillaris ; 
and  all  the  principal  series  of  each  jaw  seem  to  he  represented. 
None  of  the  teeth  are  in  natural  order,  and  only  the  median 
rows  can  thus  he  determined  with  precision.  Of  the  small  teeth 
of  the  upper  median  series,  there  are  three  examples,  and  one  is 
shown  in  fig.  4.  This  tooth  has  not  previously  been  described 
and  figured,  and  on  comparison  with  the  corresponding  teeth  of 
other  species  already  known,  it  will  he  observed  that  there  are 
well-marked  distinctive  features.  As  shown  in  end  view  (fig. 
4a) ,  the  root  exhibits  the  usual  great  relative  depth  ;  the  crown 
is  less  elongated  antero-posteriorly  than  in  P.  decurrens*  and 
P.  latissimus,-\  though  more  so  than  in  P.  ])olygyrusX  and 
P.  rugosus ;  §  and  the  coronal  surface  is  remarkably  smooth, 
the  peripheral  area  being  faintly  granulated,  and  the  median 
raised  area  being  very  small,  crossed  by  three  short  ill-defined 
ridges.  The  large  median  lower  tooth  is  shown  in  fig.  3  ;  and 
both  this  and  the  unsymmetrical  principal  lateral  teeth  (figs.  5 — 
11)  exhibit,  with  remarkable  uniformity,  all  the  characteristics 
of  the  species, — the  much  elevated  median  area,  with  numerous 
regular  transverse  ridges,  sharply  defined  from  the  large 
peripheral  area,  and  the  latter  marked  by  delicate  rugae,  mostly 
elongated  and  concentric  with  the  borders  of  the  crown,  and 
occasionally  crossed  by  shallow  radiating  grooves.  The  tooth 
represented  in  fig.  5  is  almost  certainly  referable  to  the  first 
lateral  series  of  the  upper  jaw,  as  indicated  by  its  relatively 
large  size  ;  and  the  original  of  fig.  6  may  have  occupied  a 
similar  position  in  the  lower  jaw.  The  outermost  lateral  teeth 
(figs.  12 — 14)  are  scarcely  distinguishable  from  those  of  other 
species  ;  but  even  in  these  teeth,  the  characteristic  elevation  of 
the  central  area  is  sometimes  prominent  (fig.  14a). 

The  finest  group  of  teeth  of  Ptychodus  mammillaris  hitherto 
discovered,  is  now  preserved  in  the  Woodwardian  Museum, 

W.  Buckland,  “  Greology  and  Mineralogy,  Ed.  2  (1837),  PL  xxvii.y. 

^  Smitli  Woodward,  Quart.  Journal  Geol.  Soc.,  vol.  xliii.,  PI.  x„  fig.  5. 

t  Ihid.,  PI.  X.,  fig.  12. 

J  Ibid..^  PI.  X.,  fig.  11. 

§  Catalogue  FlssiI  Fishes  British  Museum,  pt.  i.,  PI.  v.,  fig.  3. 


40 


Cambridge  ;  but  neither  this,  nor  any  similar  known  fossil, 
reveals  the  precise  form  and  proportions  of  the  several  dental 
series  in  the  species  in  question. 

II.  Ptychodus  Polygyrus,  Agassiz.  (Figs.  15 — 20). 

The  second  group  of  teeth  under  consideration  comprises 
nearly  seventy  examples,  and  was  discovered  in  the  debris  from 
a  fall  in  the  chalk  cliffs  between  Folkestone  and  Dover.  It 
represents  the  form  of  P.  poly  gyrus,  to  which  Agassiz  applied 
the  varietal  name  of  marginalis ;  and  six  of  the  principal  teeth 
are  shown  in  figs.  15 — 20.  No  member  of  the  upper  median 
series  appears  to  be  preserved ;  but  there  are  several  specimens 
of  the  lower  median  tooth  (fig.  15),  and  these  are  of  interest  as 
being  identical  with  the  large  broad  tooth,  which  was  erroneously 
assigned  to  P.  latisshnus  by  Agassiz,*  and  has  recently  been 
removed  to  P.  polygyrus  by  the  present  writer,  from  a  study  of 
specimens  in  the  British  Museum. f  The  originals  of  figs.  16 
and  17  are  two  forms  of  teeth  probably  referable  to  the  first 
lateral  series  of  the  upper  j  aw  ;  and  the  second  specimen  exhibits 
two  unsymmetrically  placed  areas  of  wear.  Figs.  18  and  19 
represent  two  somewhat  smaller  teeth  that  may  have  occupied 
a  similar  position  in  the  lower  jaw  ;  and  a  tooth  evidently  of 
the  second  lateral  series,  either  upper  or  lower,  is  shown  in  fig. 
20.  The  latter  is  narrower  in  proportion  to  its  length  than  the 
principal  teeth  already  noticed ;  but  the  characters  of  the 
crown  and  its  superficial  ornamentation  are  obviously  the  same. 
Several  of  the  smaller  lateral  teeth,  more  outwardly  placed, 
agree  precisely  with  that  just  referred  to  in  form  and  coronal 
configuration  ;  and  it  is  only  in  the  outermost  smallest  teeth 
that  the  characteristic  features  of  the  dental  crown  in  the  species 
are  unrecognisable. 

In  all  these  teeth,  it  will  be  observed,  the  crown  is  little 
elevated,  with  a  broad  fiat  top ;  and  the  transverse  coronal 
ridges  vary  from  about  eight  to  ten  in  number,  while  the 
peripheral  area  is  coarsely  granulated  and  rugose,  without  any 
diverging  furrows.  Although,  as  remarked  by  Agassiz,  P. 
polygyrus  is  a  specific  name  applied  to  many  closely  related 


*  Poiss.  Fossiles,  vol.  iii.  (1843),  p.  167,  PI.  xxv.  a,  fig.  8. 
t  Catalogue  Fossil  Fishes  British  Museum,  pt.  i,  (1889),  p.  143. 


41 


varieties  of  teeth,  there  is  thus  proof  that  these  various  forms  do 
not  occur  in  the  different  parts  of  a  single  mouth,  but  are 
severally  characteristic  of  distinct  individuals,  which  may 
represent  as  many  “  varieties,”  if  not  “  species.” 

A.  Smith  Wood  ward.. 


42 


EXPLANATION  OF  PLATE  I. 


(Th’s  Plate  is  presented  to  the  Society  by  W.  Feed,  Esq.,  F.Gr.S.) 

Pig.  1.  Platy  cheer  op  s  Richardsoni,  Charleswortli ;  palatal  portion 
of  skull.  London  Clay,  Herne  Bay  (Peed  Collection).  Fig.  \a, 
Pigkt  upper  molar  2,  three  times  natural  size. 

Fig.  2.  Ctenodus  inierruptus,  Barkas  ;  left  lower  tooth.  Carbon¬ 
iferous  Limestone,  Gilmerton,  near  Edinburgh,  x.,  broken  anterior 
ridge. 

Fig.  3.  Ptychodus  mammillaris,  Agassiz ;  lower  median  tooth, 
coronal  aspect.  Chalk,  near  Pochester  (Peed  Collection).  Fig.  3». 
Ditto,  transverse  section  of  crown. 

Fig.  4.  Ditto ;  upper  median  tooth,  coronal  aspect,  associated 
with  the  preceding.  Fig.  Aa.  Ditto  ;  transverse  section. 

Figs.  5 — 14.  Ditto  ;  coronal  aspect  of  ten  lateral  teeth,  associated 
with  the  preceding.  Figs.  Qa,  la,  \\a,  \Aa.  Ditto;  transverse 
sections  of  dental  crowns. 

Fig.  15.  Ptychodus  poly  gyrus,  Agassiz;  coronal  aspect  of  lower 
median  tooth.  Chalk,  between  Folkestone  and  Dover  (Peed 
Collection).  Fig.  \ba.  Ditto;  transverse  section  of  dental  crown. 

Figs.  16 — 20.  Ditto;  coronal  aspect  of  five  lateral  teeth, 
associated  with  the  preceding.  Fig.  16^?.  Transverse  section  of 
dental  crown. 

Unless  otherwise  stated,  the  figures  are  of  the  natural  size. 


22  Affi.  90 


Ann .  Rep  .  "ionks .  Phil .  Soc .  1883  . 


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