= "LELAND STANFORD JUNIOR UNIVERSITY. PUBLICATIONS ; _ UNIVERSITY SERIES — p.. Re eas -Anoplura and Mallophaga ee of ae. ~ North American Mammals BY VERNON LYMAN KELLOGG Professor of Entomology | AND GORDON FLOYD FERRIS STANFORD UNIVERSITY, CALIFORNIA PUBLISHED BY THE UNIVERSITY AQIS UN IVERSITY § SERIES | iniieerea nen” IN SiLKworms, I. Vernon Tue Kellogg, Professor of Entomology. 89 pp., 4. plates. 1908. Price $1.00. a THE OPISTHOBRANCHIATE MOLLUSCA OF THE “BRANNER-AGASSIZ. EXPE- | DITION To Brazix. Frank Mace ‘McFarland, Professor be oe tology. 105 pp., 19 plates. 1909. Price, $1.00. _ _ A Stupy oF THE Normat ConstiruENTS OF THE POTABLE. Wonk OF THE San. FRANCISCO PENINSULA, John Pearce Mitchell, Assis- tant Professor of Chemistry. 70 pp., 1 map. Ig10. Price, 50c. Synopsis OF THE TRuE Crags (BracHyuRA) oF Monrerey Bay, CALI- ; FORNIA. 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Colbert Searles, Associate Professor of Romanic Languages. 119 PP-» 2 plates.; 1012": Price, 75¢. : THE Duprey Memoria Votume. Papers by Williany Russel Dudley: late Professor of Botany, and Several Colleagues. aE GY DBa Ee text figures, 9 plates. 1913. Price, $1.00. THE FISHES OF THE STANFORD EXPEDITION To BRAZIL. Edwin Chapin - Starks, Assistant Professor of Zoology. 77 pp., 15 nee 1913. Price, 75¢. | CC; ontinued o on third page of pavers a nr lee te pe . LELAND STANFORD JUNIOR UNIVERSITY PUBLICATIONS UNVIERSITY SERIES The Anoplura and Mallophaga of North American Mammals BY VERNON LYMAN KELLOGG Professor of Entomology AND GORDON FLOYD FERRIS Issued May 25, 1915 STANFORD UNIVERSITY, CALIFORNIA PUBLISHED BY THE UNIVERSITY 1915 THE ANOPLURA AND MALLOPHAGA OF NORTH AMERICAN MAMMALS © CONTENTS I. Introduction. II. North American Anoplura. III. Key to Families, Subfamilies and Genera of Anoplura. IV. Descriptions of New Species and Determinations of Old Species of Anoplura. V. Degree of Host Parasitization. wae) North American Mallophaga from Mammals. VII. Descriptions of New Species and Determinations of Old Species of Mallophaga. VIII. Mammalian Host List of North American Anoplura and Mallo- phaga. Explanation of Plates, and Plates. I INTRODUCTION In the summer of 1913 the junior author, under. an arrangement made by the Department of Entomology of Stanford University with Dr. Joseph Grinnell, director of the Museum of Vertebrate Zoology of the University of California, accompanied a collecting expedition of the Museum in Northern California with the privilege of examining for ecto- parasites all specimens of birds and mammals taken by the expedition. 4 INTRODUCTION ~ Most of the Anopluran material on which this paper is based was derived from this arrangement; but other material already in the hands of the senior author, obtained at various times from mammals taken in Cali- fornia and elsewhere, and certain specimens loaned by Professor Osborn of the Ohio State University and by Mr. Bruce Cummings of the British Museum (Natural History), are included in this paper. The total Anopluran material on hand includes twenty-two species and two varieties, of which eight species and both varieties are new, and are described herewith. One of these varieties has up to now been con- sidered and listed as a species originally described from European hosts. Only twenty-four species of Anoplura have been hitherto recorded from North American mammals, of which nine are peculiar to North Ameri- can hosts (as so far known), and fifteen are species originally described from European hosts, or hosts common to both Europe and America. Our list of twenty-two includes fourteen of the twenty-four kinds here- tofore listed from North America. The total number of Anopluran species now recorded (including the records in this paper) from North American mammals, is thirty-four species and two varieties. The total Mallophagan material on hand includes eighteen species, of which one species is new. Twenty-seven species have so far been re- corded from North America, of which nine occur on domesticated hosts. The determination of the hosts of the Californian specimens of Ano- plura taken by the junior author in 1913 were made by the wholly com- petent authorities of the Museum of Vertebrate Zoology of the University of California, and may be implicitly relied on. Great care was taken by the naturalists of the collecting expedition and by the junior author to prevent straggling of the parasites of the collected specimens, and the at- tributions of parasites to particular host can be confidently accepted. We desire to express our obligations to Professor Herbert Osborn and to Mr. Bruce Cummings for permission to examine important ma- terial kindly sent to California at our request. The types of all new species described herewith are in the collection of the Entomological Laboratory of Stanford University, California. - NORTH AMERICAN ANOPLURA 5 II NORTH AMERICAN ANOPLURA The systematic knowledge of the North American Anoplura—indeed, of the Anoplura of the world—is still very slight. Although probably most of the species infesting the domestic animals, and certainly all of those infesting man, are known, but few species have as yet been collected from wild animals. At the time of writing this paper only about a hun- dred species of Anoplura have been described, of which three occur on man and a dozen on domestic animals. The remaining four score have been taken from animals both of wide geographic and wide taxonomic distribution. Monkeys, wild cattle, sheep, goats, deer, elephants, the giraffe, rabbits, rats, mice, squirrels, gophers, shrews, wolves, foxes, wild cats, seals and walruses, of the Old and New Worlds, are represented in the host list, which, however, altogether includes hardly a hundred mam- mal species. There is no doubt, of course, that many other mammals are hosts of Anoplura; only a beginning in the recording of both parasite and host species has been made. | But this beginning, and the accompanying study of the general bi- ology of the Anoplura and their particular relations to their hosts, both as regards the distribution, the adaptive structural modification, and the physiological fitting of the parasite species and the injury to the host species, have revealed such important problems that the collection and study of the Anoplura is certain to be pursued with an ever increasing interest and ardor. The special problem of the host and geographic distribution of the Anoplura and Mallophaga of mammals has already been rather fully taken up by the senior author in a paper, “Ectoparasites of Mammals,” published in the American Naturalist, vol. 48, pp. 257-279, May 1914, and a special brief discussion of certain significant aspects of the close phys- iological fitting of the parasites to the specific blood character of the hosts has been given by the senior author in a paper entitled “Ectoparasites of the Monkeys, Apes and Man,” published in Science, N. S. vol. 38, pp. 601-602, October 1913. The comparatively recent determination by the precipitins reactions and by a study of the crystallizable proteins (haemoglobin) of the spe- 6 NORTH AMERICAN ANOPLURA cificity of the blood of different mammal kinds, and the physiological (chemico-physical) similarities of the blood of nearly related mammals as contrasted with the dissimilarities of the blood of widely related kinds, — finds an interesting confirmation in the very precise host relations of the blood-sucking parasites of the mammals. As a corollary of this precision of host-relation, there arises the pos- sibility of the determination of the phyletic relationships of hosts on a basis of the identity or close relationship, or the non-identity or wide rela- tionship, of their Anopluran parasites. For the proper following up of this interesting matter, however, a much wider knowledge of the Ano- pluran fauna is needed. The importance from the economic and medical point of view of a knowledge of the blood-sucking parasites of mammals is, of course, ap- parent when we consider the new knowledge of the dissemination (and in some cases, incubation) of various germ-caused diseases. The Ano- plura have already been tried and convicted of participation in this crime of aiding and abetting the germs of animal and human disease in their struggle for distribution. And they have been proved to be very sus- picious characters, at least, if not yet known to be actual criminals, in relation to their possibility of serving as true alternate hosts of certain dangerous Sporozoa. At least some of these parasitic and disease-pro- ducing Sporozoa can enter, remain in, and pass from the bodies of the sucking lice with unimpaired life and virulence. The Anoplura, then, call insistently for study; and the first need in that study is the collection of material from many hosts and the careful systematic determination of this material. We need to know how many and various are the living species of the group, and the exact facts of their geographic and, especially, host distribution. The present paper is a small contribution along this line. KEY TO FAMILIES, SUBFAMILIES AND GENERA III KEY TO THE FAMILIES, SUBFAMILIES AND GENERA OF IO. Il. PE ANOE LUA . Occurring exclusively on land mammals Occurring exclusively on marine mammals (seals, sea- lions and walruses) . Family ECHINOPTHIRIIDAE . Antennae five-segmented, thorax and abdomen bearing Beales) 4) 7) 0.) Genus Antarctophihirus Antennae four-segmented . . Thorax and abdomen bearing scales. Gehts Les ab Thorax and abdomen without scales . Genus Echinopthirus . Head much elongated, cylindrical in shape; tibiae without a thumb-like process opposing the claw Family HAEMATOMYZIDAE (@omaining but one genus, Haematomyzus, oc- curring on elephants. ) Head not elongated; tibiae with a thumb-like process opposing the claw . . Eyes extremely rudimentary or eeieoly inane aay Family HAEMATOPINIDAE Eyes precent. well pigmented . Family PEDICULIDAE . Antennae five-segmented (on apes and man) Subfamily Sepacunan Antennae hires? segmented (on monkeys) : Subfamily PEDICININAE 3 ees al Bt same sive Ve wen Genils ea ICUs Middle and posterior legs larger and stouter than an- fenon en) (Gems Eien Peat CitiUs sess jallofisamejsize, 264)... 0.) Genus Pediculus Anterior legs smaller than the others . . Genus Phthirus . Antennae five-segmented Antennae three-segmented Subfamily eae ee Posterior legs with stalked, disk-shaped appendages on femur and tibia. . . . Genus Euhaematopinus Posterior legs without appendages Genus Haematopinoides Anterior legs smaller than posterior Subfamily Tan ee I! 1f@) 12 Tig! 16, 17. 18. IQ. 20. Pa) Ue NORTH AMERICAN ANOPLURA Legs all of same size . . Subfamily HAEMATOPININAE (One genus, Haematopinus) . Anterior pair of legs with two claws . . . Genus Scipio Anterior legs with but one claw . Abdomen with well developed pleural plates Abdomen entirely without pleural plates Abdominal spiracles large, tubular, projecting an the body-wall) e304 02s) 2) Genus Solenopares Abdominal spiracles small, not projecting from the body-wall Head usually slender, but little widened penta ihe an- tennae, gonapods of female long, frequently reaching beyond the extremity of the body; for the most part infesting Ungulates Genus Lincewagne Fed broad Pansideeably widened behind the antennae, gonapods very short; infesting rabbits One species of the Genus Haemodipsus Levees and sternites of the abdomen for the most part with more than one transverse row of hairs Tergites and sternites of the abdomen for the most part with but one row of spines : Middle and posterior pairs of legs of equal size, Mareen and stouter than the anterior pair Ge Anterior and middle pairs of legs of the same size, smaller than the posterior pair . Genus Enderleinellus Abdomen with a pair of chitinized plates on the sec- GAC SHETMIbe) i hain . . . Genus Fahrenholzia Abdomen without such Bites Genus Haemouiseus Gn ee Abdominal tergites and sternites with not more than two rows of hairs nena Abdominal tergites and sternites in part Wah three TOW S Ons aains ier wae es ret lal Opn alien tad First antennal joint with a stout spine at the distal postaxial angle or on the posterior margin ; Ne Genus Neohaematopinus First ateanal joint not so Abdominal tergites and sternites pitt enaee ne izedi plates Va Sarin cA EN Crease OLN en Oma Abdominal tergites and sternites without distinct chi- tinized plates . . . . . . Genus Linognathotdes 13 16 14 15 Ig 17 18 20 21 DESCRIPTIONS AND DETERMINATIONS OF SPECIES 9 IV DESCRIPTIONS OF NEW SPECIES, AND DETERMINATIONS OF OLD SPECIES OF “ANOPLURA Family PEDICULIDAE Pediculidae Leach, Zool. Misc., vol. 3, p. 64, (1817). Pediculidae Enderlein, Zool. Anzeiger, vol. 28, p. 136, (1904). Body depressed. Head not anteriorly produced into a cylindrical process. Antennae three- or five-segmented. Eyes large and clearly pigmented. Legs fitted for clasping. This family includes the Anopluran parasites of man and the mon- keys, and at present numbers about a dozen species, of which but three— and these the forms infesting man—have as yet been reported from North America. An examination of the monkeys in our zoological gardens would undoubtedly reveal some of the others. The man-infesting species, Pediculus capitis (De Geer), P. corporis (De Geer), and Phthirius pubis (Linné), are too well known to require discussion here. For a special discussion of the host-distribution of the Pediculidae see Kellogg, “Ectoparasites of the Monkeys, Apes and Man,” in Science, n. s. vol. 38, pp. 601-602, October 1903. Family HAEMATOPINIDAE Enderlein. Haematopinidae Enderlein, Zool. Anz., vol. 28, pp. 136, 137, (1904). Body depressed. Head not anteriorly produced into a cylindrical process. Antennae three- or five-segmented. Eyes either entirely lack- ing or very rudimentary. Legs fitted for clasping, the tibiae having a thumblike process which opposes the claw. This is by far the largest family of the sub-order, including more than three-fourths of all the species described. Genus HAEMATOPINUS Leach. Haematopinus Leach, Zool. Misc., vol. 3, pp. 64-65, pl. 146, (1817). Haematopinus Enderlein, Zool. Anz., vol. 28, p. 138, (1904). Head very broad posteriorly, the temporal angles very prominent, sharp and pointing forward. Antennae five-segmented. Thorax broad, IO NORTH AMERICAN ANOPLURA with well defined sternal plate. Legs all nearly of the same size, and with a strongly chitinized skeletal piece between tibia and tarsus. Abdo- men with a swollen, pad-like, strongly chitinized area on the lateral mar- gin of the third to eighth segments. Tergites with many small, chitinized plates or with none at all. Each tergite and sternite with one transverse row of very small hairs. The genus is for the most part parasitic upon Ungulates. There are but three species recorded from North America, all being from domestic animals. Haematopinus asini (Linné). Numerous specimens from a horse, (Stanford University, Calif.) ; also recorded by Osborn from horses. Haematopinus suis (Linné). Numerous specimens from a domestic hog, (Susanville, Lassen county, Calif.) ; also recorded by Osborn from domestic hogs. Haematopinus eurysternus (Nitzsch). Recorded by Osborn from domestic cattle. Linognathus Enderlein. Trichaulus Enderlein, Zool. Anz., vol. 28, pp. 139, 141, (1904). Linognathus Enderlein, ibid., vol. 20, p. 194, (1905). Linognathus Dalla Torre, Genera Insectorum, Anoplura, p. 12, (1908). Head more or less slender, without projecting temporal angles; an- tennae five-segmented; thorax small and elongated; middle and poster- ior pairs of legs nearly equal in size, larger and stouter than the anterior pair. Abdomen entirely without chitinized tergal, sternal and pleural plates; the body-wall presenting a reticulated appearance. Each ab- dominal segment with two or three transverse rows of rather long hairs. The species composing this genus are confined almost exclusively to the Ungulata, one species, however, being recorded from the domestic dog. But four species have been recorded from North America, and all of these are found upon domestic animals. Linognathus vituli (Linné). Numerous males and females from cows (Mountain View, Santa Clara county, Calif.). It has also been recorded by Osborn from cattle. DESCRIPTIONS AND DETERMINATIONS OF SPECIES va Linognathus stenopsis (Burm.). We have at hand several males and females, taken from a Mexican goat (San Diego, Calif.), which we are referring to this species. It has not previously been recorded from America. Linognathus piliferus (Burm.). We have a single specimen taken from a dog (Stanford University, Calif.). It has been recorded by Osborn from a dog, but is apparently of rather uncommon occurrence. Linognathus pedalis (Osborn). Haematopinus pedalis Osborn, Bul. 5, n. s., U. S. Dept. Agr., Div. Ent., pp. 170-172, fig. 99, (1896). Trichaulus pedalis Enderlein, Zool. Anz., vol. 28, p. 142, (1904). Linognathus pedalis Enderlein, Zool. Anz., vol. 29, p. 194, (1905). Recorded by Osborn as having been taken from the legs of a do- mestic sheep at Ames, Iowa. Genus POLYPLAX Enderlein. Polyplax Enderlein, Zool. Anz., vol. 28, pp. 139, 142, 223, (1904). Polyplax Dalla Torre, Genera Insectorum, Anoplura, p. 13, (1908). Haematopinus (Polyplax) Neumann, Archiv. de Parasit., vol. 13, pp. 529-532, (1909). Polyplax Mjoberg, Arkiv. for Zoologi, vol, 6, no. 13, p. 159, (1910). Polyplax Fahrenholz, Reprint from the second, third, and fourth Jahresberichte des Niedersachsichen Zool. Vereins zu Hannover, pp. 29-30, (1912). Antennae five-segmented, the third segment in the male usually with a pronounced pre-axial projection. Eyes lacking. Anterior pair of legs small, middle and posterior pairs larger, posterior pair usually largest. Abdomen with tergites and sternites well chitinized, and in certain seg- ments transversely divided into two distinct plates; the number of seg- ments thus divided is not constant throughout the genus, and is always less in the male than in the female. Each plate with a transverse row of hairs; pleural plates well developed, present on the first to eighth seg- ments. The genus is composed entirely of species which find their hosts among the Muridae. We are recording two species, one previously de- scribed and one new, both from Murids. I2 NORTH AMERICAN ANOPLURA Polyplax spinulosa (Burm.). Plate I, fig.5; plate V, figs. 11a and 110; plate V1, fic. 7;)\textae un, Pediculus spinulosus Burmeister, Gen. Rhynchota, no. 8, (1839). Pediculus denticulatus Nitzsch and Giebel, Zeit. fur Ges. Naturw., vol. 23, p. 24, (1864). Haematopinus spinulosus Denny, Mon. Anopl. Brit., p. 26, pl. 24, fig. 5, (1842). — Haematopinus spinulosus Giebel, Ins. Epizoa, p. 38, pl. 1, fig. 7, (1874). Polyplax spinulosa Enderlein, Zool. Anz., vol. 28, p. 142, (1904). Polyplax spinulosa Dalle Torre, Genera Insect., Anoplura, p. 14, (1908). Haematopinus (Polyplax) spinulosus Neumann, Arch. de Parasitologie, vol. 13, p. 526, (1909). Polyplax spinulosa Mjoberg, Arkiv. for Zoologi, vol. 6, no. 13, p. 160, (1910). Polyplax spinulosa Fahrenholz, Reprint from the second, third and fourth Jahresb. des Niedersach. Zool. Vereins zu Hannover, pp. 30-37, (1912). One mature female, two mature males, and two larvae of this cos- mopolitan, rat-infesting species, from Epimys norvegicus (Inverness, Marin county, Calif.), and many males and females from Microtus cali- Fig. 1—Polyplax spinulosa (Burm.) ; head of female and sternal plate of male from Epimys norvegicus. DESCRIPTIONS AND DETERMINATIONS OF SPECIES 13 formcus (Inverness, Marin county, Freestone and Cazadero, Sonoma county, Gualala and Mendocino City, Mendocino county, Calif.), Micro- tus sp. (South Yolla Bolly Mt., Tehama county, Calif.), Microtus mor- dax (Tuolumne Meadows, Calif.), and Phenacomys sp., (Mendocino City, Calif.). We also have specimens from Epimys rattus, taken in In- dia, and Mus sp. from Java. Osborn records it from the domestic rat at Ames, lowa, and it has been recorded from various species of rats throughout Europe and Africa. Comparison of the California specimens with those from India, to- gether with reference to Fahrenholz’s excellent paper upon this and other closely related species, enable us to be reasonably certain of our deter- minations. There are certain differences between the specimens from the various species of Microtus and Phenacomys and those from the rats, but these differences are on the whole so slight and so intangible, consist- ing merely of very small modifications of the shape and relative propor- tions of the head and sternal plate, that we do not feel justified in basing even a new variety upon them. Polyplax auricularis n. sp. Plate 1, fig. 4; plate IV, fig. 8; text fig. 2. One female, one male and two larvae from a single individual of Peromyscus maniculatus rubidus, (Inverness, Marin county, Calif.), and two females from Peromyscus sitchensis prevostensis (Forrester Island, _ Alaska, coll. Dr. Harold Heath), all referable to this curious species. It Fig. 2.—Polyplax auricularis n. sp.; head and ventral side of terminal segments of female. 14 NORTH AMERICAN ANOPLURA is sharply distinguished from all the other species of Polyplax by the ear-like projections on the temporal margins of the head, by the large thorax and the enormously enlarged coxae of the posterior pair of legs. In the bi-partite character of the tergites and sternites of the abdomen and the presence of a projection on the third antennal joint of the male, it agrees very well with the other species of the genus. DESCRIPTION OF THE FEMALE.—Length 1.2 mm., length of head .22 mm., width of head .14 mm., width of thorax .25 mm., width of abdomen .4 mm. Head but little longer than wide, having its greatest width across the temporal angles altho the width across the anterior margin is nearly as great. Anterior margin nearly straight, with a very slightly project- ing median portion. Lateral margins of the forehead straight and nearly parallel, the temporal angles very inconspicuous. Temporal margins con- verging slightly in a smooth curve, meeting the slightly convex occipital margin without a perceptible angle. Just behind the antennae and slight- ly in from the temporal margin there rises on each side a small, rounded, ear-like flap which extends slightly beyond the margin and at the base of which there are a very short, stout spine and a slender hair close to- gether. Across the forehead a broad, chitinized area which extends back nearly to the base of the antennae. Anterior margin with a few short hairs and a transverse row of four very small hairs just in front of the antennae. Antennae set very close to the anterior margin of the head, the first segment very broad, occupying nearly a third of the length of | the head, and slightly broader than long. Second segment much more slender, but nearly as long as the first and attached close to the posterior margin of the latter. Third, fourth and fifth segments sub-equal, much shorter than the second. Thorax very large, much wider than the head and about as long, with lateral margins rounding. Anterior margin with a shallow V-shaped notch, posterior margin deeply concave. Mesothorax with a pair of hairs on the posterior margin, just inside the spiracles. Metathorax nearly divided into two parts by the concavity in the posterior margin. First pair of legs small with slender claw; second pair larger, with heav- ier claw, slender femur and with the coxae projecting slightly beyond the lateral margin of the thorax; third pair very large, with long slender femur, and with the coxae enormously enlarged and projecting far beyond the margin of the thorax. Sternal plate large, irregularly hexagonal, with the anterior margin slightly convex and longer than the posterior margin, which is slightly concave. Abdomen elongated DESCRIPTIONS AND DETERMINATIONS OF SPECIES 15 oval, rather slender. First segment very narrow, with two short hairs. Second segment with two plates, each with four hairs. Third and eighth segments each with one plate and one row of six hairs. Fourth to sev- enth segments each with two plates and two rows of six hairs. Ninth segment with four hairs, the inner pair very short. Pleurites of the first segment apparently lacking, those of the second to seventh segments with a short tooth at each posterior angle and with two short spines on the posterior margin. Pleurites of the eighth segment not toothed and with the hairs longer than on the other segments. On the ventral side the arrangement of the plates and hairs is prac- tically as on the dorsum except that the first segment is apparently lack- ing and that the third segment has two plates. Genital plate pointed pos- teriorly and with a group of four short spines near the posterior margin. Gonapods with one long stout hair and two short ones. Behind the gona- pods a group of four rather slender hairs, and at the posterior angles of the ninth segment a stout, inwardly projecting spine with three or four slender hairs and two stout hairs just outside it. Anterior lip of the vul- va deeply fringed. | DESCRIPTION OF THE MaLe.—Length .92 mm., length of head .2 mm., length of abdomen .62 mm., width of head .14 mm., width of thorax .24 mm., width of abdomen .35 mm. Head, thorax and legs as in the female. Third antennal segment with the distal pre-axial angle prolonged into a pronounced projection. First segment of the abdomen with two hairs, second with two rows of hairs, the first of four, the second of eight. Third to seventh segments each with one row of six to eight hairs. On the ventral side the first, second and third segments each with two plates and two rows of hairs, remaining segments with one plate and one row of hairs. Posterior end of the abdomen pointed. Having but a single male we have been unable to work out the genitalia. Genus HOPLOPLEURA EFnderlein. Hoplopleura Enderlein, Zool. Anz., vol. 28, pp. 221-223, (1904). Haematopinus (Polyplax) Neumann, Archiv. de Parasit., vol. 13, p. 531, (1909). Hoplopleura Mjoberg, Arkiv. fOr Zool., vol. 6, no. 13, p. 164, (1910). Hoplopleura Fahrenholz, Reprint from the second, third and fourth Jahresb. des Niedersach. Zool. Vereins zu Hannover, vol. 20, pp. 44-46, (1912). Antennae five-segmented, similar in male and female. First pair of legs small with slender claws, second pair larger with broader claws, 16 NORTH AMERICAN ANOPLURA third pair very large and stout with extremely broad, blunt claws and usually with a short, pointed process on the anterior margin of the tibia. Abdomen with well chitinized tergites and sternites, the fourth to sev- enth tergites and third to sixth sternites of the female being transverse- ly divided into three distinct plates, the remaining tergites and sternites with either one or two plates, each plate with a transverse row of spines. The males in general have a smaller number of plates than the females, but the number is not constant thruout the genus. Anterior sclerite of the third sternite, in both male and female, with four or six very large and conspicuous spines. Pleural plates well developed, present on the first to eighth segments, large, usually overlapping and with the posterior margin variously toothed. The genus is composed chiefly of Murid-infesting species, of the seven previously described species referable to it six being from Murids and one from a Sciurid. We are adding three new species from Sciurids, a new variety from Murids, and are recording one species, previously described, which also occurs upon Murids. Hoplopleura acanthopus (Burm.) var. americanus nn. var. Plate 1V, fig. (25) plate) Vi, ie. (85) textyimeene Haematopinus acanthopus Osborn, Bul. 7, 0. c., U. S. Dept. Agr., Div. Ent., p. 23, (1891). Numerous males and females from Microtus constrictus (Mendo- cino City, Mendocino county, Calif.) ; Muicrotus californicus (Covelo, Calif.) ; Microtus sp. (South Yolla Bolly Mt., Tehama county, Calif.), and three females and one male from “white lemming” (locality not known, possibly Pt. Barrow, Alaska). Osborn records it as H. acan- thopus, from Arvicola sp. (Ames, Iowa), but an examination of his speci- mens has shown that they should be referred to this variety. The variety is very close to the species, apparently differing from it only in the shape of the sternal plate, which has a more or less pro- nounced, rounded projection on the lateral margin which is absent in tal acanthopus. There is some variation but the character is usually plainly apparent, and it seems to be sufficiently constant to warrant the naming of a new variety. DESCRIPTIONS AND DETERMINATIONS OF SPECIES 17 Fig. 3—Hoplopleura acanthopus var. americanus n. var.; pleural plates and head of female. ; ‘Hoplopleura hesperomydis (Osborn). Plate I, fig. 3; plate IV, fig. 1; plate V, fig. 14; text figs. 4 and 5. Haematopinus hesperomydis Osborn, Bul. 7, o. s., U. S. Dept. Agr., Div. Ent., 26, fig. 14, (1891); Bul. 5, n.s, U. S. Dept. Agr., Div. Ent., pp. 184-185, fig. 108, (1806). Polyplax (?) hesperomydis Enderlein, Zool. Anz., vol. 28, p. 143, (1904). Polyplax (?) hesperomydis Dalla Torre, Genera Insect., Anoplura, p. 13, (1908). Numerous males and females from several individuals of Peromys- cus maniculatus rubidus (Gualala, Mendocino county, Calif.) ; Peromys- cus maniculatus gambeli (Covelo and South Yolla Bolly Mt., Tehama county, Calif.). Comparison of these specimens with Osborn’s types shows them to belong unquestionably to this species. The specimens in the Osborn collection were taken from Peromyscus leucopus (Ames, Iowa). H. hesperomydis seems to be closest to H. acanthopus, but differs from the latter in several well marked particulars. The sternal plate is smaller, more angular and more pointed posteriorly, the head is much more pointed posteriorly, and the pleural plates are quite different. 18 NORTH AMERICAN ANOPLURA Fig. 4.—Hoplopleura hesperomydis (Osborn) ; pleural plates, head and ventral side of terminal abdominal segments of female. Fig. 5.—Hoplopleura hesperomydis (Osborn) ; ventral side of second and anterior portion of third abdominal segments. Hoplopleura erratica (Osborn). Haematopimus erraticus, Bul. 5, n. s., U. S. Dept. Agr., Div. Ent., p. 186, (1896). Polyplax (?) erratica Enderlein, Zool. Anz., vol. 28, p. 143, (1904). Polyplax (?) erratica Dalla Torre, Genera Insect., Anoplura, p. 13, (1908). We have not been able to see the type of this species, and the pub- lished description is a little too concise to permit of its certain identifica- tion. Professor Osborn, however, has sent us specimens of a species which he says is close to it, and, since these specimens which he has sent DESCRIPTIONS AND DETERMINATIONS OF SPECIES 19 us are of a species of Hoplopleura, we are assuming that Haematopinus erraticus is a species of Hoplopleura, and are therefore assigning it pro- visionally to this genus. Osborn records the species from a gull (beyond a doubt a case of straggling) and also from Arvicola sp. (= Microtus sp.), Tamias striatus, and Sciuropterus volucella. We have at hand spe- cimens from hosts very closely related to these, and find that our ma- terial includes three species of the genus Hoplopleura. It being impos- sible to decide which, if any, of these species is H. erratica we are de- scribing all of them as new in the hope that the matter may be cleared up later. Hoplopleura arboricola n. sp. imate IV ne. 4; plate Vijtie: 8; text figs © and 7. Numerous males and females from Eutamias hindsi (Inverness, Marin county, Calif.) ; Eutamias townsendi ocrogenys (Freestone and Cazadero, Sonoma county, Calif.) ; Eutamias sp. (Covelo, Calif.) ; Eu- tamias sp. (South Yolla Bolly Mt., Tehama county, Calif.; Sanhedrin Fig. 6.—Hoplopleura arboricola n. sp.; head and pleural plates of female from Eutamias townsendt ocrogenys. 20 ; NORTH AMERICAN ANOPLURA Mt., Calif.) ; Sciurus griseus (Inverness, Marin county; Freestone, So- noma county, and Sanhedrin Mt., Calif.) ; Sciurus douglasi mollipilosus (Cazadero, Gualala, Mendocino county, South Yolla Bolly Mt., and San- hedrin Mt.). Professor Osborn has sent us specimens from Tamias stri- atus (Ames, Iowa). There is a considerable degree of variation among these specimens, yet they do not seem to represent more than one species. The species is apparently rather close to H. maniculatus (Neumann), the only species. of Hoplopleura previously recorded from a Sciurid. It can be distin- guished from the latter by the shape of the sternal plate. Fig. 7—Hoplopleura arboricola n. sp; ventral side of second and anterior portion of third abdominal segments of female from Eutamias townsendi ocrogenys. DESCRIPTION OF THE FEMALE.—Length 1.00 mm., length of head .17 mm., length of abdomen .75 mm., width of head .12 mm., width of tho- trax .17 mm., width of abdomen .42 mm. Head narrow and rather pointed anteriorly, the temporal angles prominent, temporal margins nearly straight and slightly converging, forming a very slight angle with the occipital margin, which is produced into a rather sharp point. A small chitinized area bearing a single hair on each side, just in front of the an- tennae. Several small hairs on the anterior margin, a transverse row of six hairs in front, and a distinct suture just behind the antennae. Three or four small hairs along the temporal margin, and one long hair and a short spine at the posterior lateral angles. First antennal segment rather large; second slender; third, fourth and fifth shorter, the fourth with a slight post-axial projection. Thorax relatively small, rather hexagonal in shape, wider than long, the V-shaped notch in the anterior margin very deep, the posterior mar- gin of the prothorax with two long, widely-separated hairs. Sternal plate of the shape of an equilateral triangle with rounded angles and DESCRIPTIONS AND DETERMINATIONS OF SPECIES 21 convex sides. Legs of the type common to the genus, the projection on the tibiae of the third pair being extremely small or wanting. Abdomen large and stout. First segment very narrow, with two spines; second with one row of four; third with two plates, the first with four spines, the second with eight or nine; all spines on these three segments being very small and slender. Fourth to seventh segments with three sclerites and three rows of fourteen to sixteen rather small and slender but distinctly awl-shaped spines. Eighth with one row of twelve similar spines, ninth with four very slender hairs. Pleurites of the first segment very small and tooth-like; of the sec- ond with a short dorsal tooth, and two short spines on the posterior mar- gin and a rather short knife-like process on the ventral side. Pleurites of the third to the sixth segments with a single long tooth at each pos- terior angle, the posterior margin being slightly concave and bearing two hairs. Pleurites of the seventh and eighth segments very small, each with two long hairs. On the ventral side the first segment apparently lacking; the second with one sclerite and one row of eight short spines; the third to seventh with three sclerites, each with eight to ten spines, except the first sclerite of the third segment, which has the two pairs of large spines character- istic of the genus. In each of these pairs the spines are very close to- gether and diverge but slightly. Last sclerite of the seventh segment with very short spines. Genital plate with a number of small hairs, gonapods with three small hairs, a group of three or four moderately large hairs behind each gonapod, one very large hair and several small ones at each posterior angle of the ninth segment. Anterior lip of the vulva fringed. DESCRIPTION OF THE MArE.—Length .67 mm., length of head .16 mm., length of abdomen .47 mm., width of head .12 mm., width of tho- trax .17 mm., width of abdomen .32 mm. Head, thorax and legs resem- bling those of the female, the abdomen much smaller, slightly pointed posteriorly, and with fewer sclerites than in the females. Third tergite with two sclerites, remainder with one. Second sternite with one sclerite, third with three, fourth to sixth with two, seventh and eighth with one. The spines smaller and less numerous than in the female. Basal plate rather short and slender, parameres stout, more than half as long as the basal plate, penis with long slender point and diverging serrate arms. 22 NORTH AMERICAN ANOPLURA Floplopleura trispinosa n. sp. Plate IV iho 2 text sie S: Five specimens, all females, from Sciuropterus volucella (Kensing- ton, Md.) ; Sciuropterus sp. (Eureka, Calif., and Brownsville, Oreeen): taken from skins in the Stanford University collection. This species is very close to H. arboricola, but is readily distin- guished from the latter by the form of the sternal plate, which is more elongated, and by having six large spines on the first sclerite of the aa sternite of the abdomen instead of four. Fig. 8—Hoplopleura trispinosa n. sp.; ventral side of second and anterior portion of third abdominal segments of female. DESCRIPTION OF THE FEMALE.—Length .72 mm., length of head .15 mm., length of abdomen .55 mm., width of head .1 mm., width of abdo- men .4 mm., width of thorax .2 mm. | Head pointed anteriorly, temporal angles prominent, temporal mar- gins nearly straight, forming a very slight angle with the occipital mar- gin, which is produced into a point. A brown chitinized area on each side just in front of the antennae. Several small hairs on the anterior margin, three or four on the temporal margin, and one long hair and a short spine at the posterior lateral angle. A distinct transverse suture just behind the antennae. Antennae with the first segment large; second segment about as long as the first but much more slender; third, fourth and fifth segments shorter, subequal. Thorax hexagonal in shape, wider than long, the posterior margin of the prothorax with a hair on each side just within the spiracle. Stern- al plate triangular, lateral margins longer than the anterior margin. Legs DESCRIPTIONS AND DETERMINATIONS OF SPECIES 23 of the type usual in the genus, except that the projection on the anterior margin of the tibiae of the third pair is extremely small. Abdomen elongated oval. First segment with one sclerite bearing two widely separated pairs of slender hairs, each sclerite of the third segment with seven hairs of the same type. Fourth to seventh segments each with three sclerites and ten to fourteen small, awl-shaped spines. Eighth segment with one sclerite and six spines. Ninth segment with two very small hairs. Pleurites of the first segment small and tooth-like, those of the sec- ond segment with a short knife-like process at the ventral posterior angle, and a short tooth at the dorsal posterior angle, and two hairs on the pos- terior margin. Pleurites of the third to sixth segments with a slender, rather long tooth at each posterior angle, and two hairs on the posterior margin. Pleurites of the seventh and eighth segments small, not toothed and with two long hairs. : On the ventral side the first segment apparently lacking, the second with one row of six small spines. Third to seventh segments with three sclerites each, all except the first sclerite of the third segment bearing six to eight awl-shaped spines. The first sclerite of the third segment bears eight spines, of which the median pair are very small, and the re- mainder large and conspicuous, the outer spine on each side being bent inward. Genital plate bluntly pointed posteriorly, with four small hairs near the tip. Gonapods with two small hairs and one large hair. Caudad of each gonapod a group of three or four stout hairs, a stout spine and sev- eral small hairs at the posterior angles of the ninth segment. LINOGNATHOIDES Cummings. Linognathoides Cummings, Bul. Ent. Res., vol. 5, pt. 2, pp. 159-160, (1914). Resembling Polyplax except for the absence of definite, well chitin- ized tergal and sternal plates. Antennae of the male without a preaxial process on the third segment. This genus is very close to Polyplax, yet it seems to form a well differentiated group. It was but recently established by Cummings for a single species, L. spermophili, taken from a species of Spermophilus and also from a Murid in Asia. In the paper in which the genus is defined Cummings suggests that an American species, Polyplax (?) montanus (Osborn) should be referred to this genus, and this surmise we find to be correct. In addition to this species, we are recording two new species, one from a Murid and one from a Geomyid. 24 NORTH AMERICAN ANOPLURA It was suggested by Cummings that the presence of a pair of finger- like flaps at the end of the abdomen of the male may perhaps be charac- teristic of the genus. We find, however, that in one species these flaps — are not present, and furthermore that they are present in the genus Neo- haematopinus. In fact we are of the opinion that in general but little re- liance should be placed upon the males in determining generic relation- ships, altho there certainly are some exceptions to this. 3 Linognathoides montanus (Osborn). Plate V, fig. 1; plate VI, fig. 4; text fig. 9. Haematopinus montanus Osborn, Bul. 5, n. s., U. S. Dept. Agr., Div. Ent., p. 184, fig. 107, (1806). Haematopinus columbianus Osborn, Can. Ent., vol. 32, p. 215, (1900). Polyplax (?) montana Enderlein, Zool. Anz., vol. 28, p. 143, (1904). Polyplax (2?) columbiana, ibid. Polyplax (?) montana Dalla Torre, Genera Insect., Anoplura, p. 13, (1908). Polyplax (?) columbiana, ibid. Linognathoides (?) columbianus Cummings, Bul. Ent. Res., vol. 5, pt. 2, p. 160, (1914). Fig. 9.—Linognathoides montanus (Osborn); pleural plates and head of female from Citellus beacheyi douglas. DESCRIPTIONS AND DETERMINATIONS OF SPECIES 25 Numerous males, females and larvae from Citellus beecheyi douglasi (Cazadero and Palo Alto, Calif.), Citellus belding: (Tuolumne Meadows, Calif.), Citellus mexicanus (Guanajuato, Mexico), Citellus barrowensis (Pt. Barrow, Alaska), “rock squirrel’? (Boulder Canyon, Colo.), Arc- tomys flaviventer (Burns, Oregon), and Citellus columbianus (Pull- man, Wash.) ; the last two records being of specimens taken from skins in the Stanford University collection. Osborn records the species from Citellus columbianus (Pullman, Wash.), and western gray squirrel (Fort Collins, Colo.). An examination of Osborn’s types of Haematopinus montanus and A. columbianus, together with the study of much other material which we have at hand, has convinced us that these two species really constitute but one species, which should be referred to the recently established genus Linognathoides. The name montanus having been first used, the species becomes Linognathoides montanus (Osborn). There is a considerable degree of individual variation among our specimens, particularly as regards size and coloration, some specimens being much larger and more darkly colored than others; and there is also some variation in the shape of the sternal plate. However, to attempt to distinguish between these forms would require the naming of a variety for every host species. Linognathoides inornatus n. sp. Mate Mi he, 15) plate LV, fig. 7; plate V, fig. -5; plate VI, fig. 2; text fig. 10. Two females and three males from three specimens of Neotoma (Teonoma) cinerea occidentalis, bushy-tailed wood-rat (South Yolla Bolly Mt., Tehama county, Calif.). This species differs from L. colum- bianus chiefly in the shape of the sternal plate and in the presence of a pair of finger-like processes at the end of the abdomen of the male. DESCRIPTION OF THE FEMALE.—Total length 1.3 mm., length of head .28 mm., length of abdomen .95 mm., width of head .18 mm., width of thorax .26 mm., width of abdomen .4 mm. Head with the anterior margin slightly convex, the lateral margins of the forehead nearly parallel, diverging sharply immediately behind the antennae. Temporal margins nearly straight, converging slightly, the posterior lateral angles sharp. Occiput narrow, with the posterior mar- gin prolonged into a point. A few small spines on the anterior margin, 26 NORTH AMERICAN ANOPLURA and a narrow transverse chitinized band just within it. Temporal margin with three or four small spines; a long hair and a long stout spine at the posterior lateral angle. | Antennae close to the anterior margin of the head, the first segment large, the second more slender and about as long, the third, fourth and fifth shorter, subequal. Fig. 10.—Linognathoides inornatus n. sp.; head and pleural plates of female. Thorax wider than the head, widest across the middle, the lateral margins at first diverging sharply, then nearly parallel. Anterior margin with a deep V-shaped notch, the posterior margin nearly straight. Sternal plate kite-shaped, the posterior margin slightly concave. First pair of legs small, with slender, slightly bifid claw; the second and third pairs larger, and nearly equal to each other in size, the claw not extreme- ly heavy. Abdomen without tergal and sternal plates, the body-wall presenting a reticulated appearance. First segment narrow, with one transverse row of six hairs, the outer hair on each side being very short. Second segment with two rows of hairs, the first of five, the second of eight. Third to seventh segments with two rows of eight hairs. Eighth segment DESCRIPTIONS AND DETERMINATIONS OF SPECIES 27 with one row of four hairs. Third to seventh segments with two hairs near the lateral margin. All the hairs slender and bluntly pointed. Pleurites of the first segment apparently lacking, of the second with a slight ventral tooth and two long hairs on the posterior margin. Pleu- rites of the third to sixth segments with a slight tooth at each posterior angle, and with two slender hairs on the posterior margin, the ventral hair being longer. Seventh and eighth pairs of pleurites small, without teeth, and with two long hairs. On the ventral side the second to seventh segments each with two rows of six to eight hairs, the third to seventh segments with two hairs near the lateral margin. Genital plate with several small hairs; gonapods with one short hair and two long hairs, behind each gonapod a group of four or five stout hairs, and a group of several stout hairs at each pos- terior angle of the ninth segment. Vulva fringed. DESCRIPITION OF THE MArLe.—Total length 1.1 mm., length of head .26 mm., length of abdomen .8 mm., width of head .16 mm., width of thorax .24 mm., width of abdomen .4 mm. Head and thorax as in the female, except that the third antennal joint bears a pair of short, stout spines, which are not present in the female. Abdomen with fewer rows of hairs on the dorsum, the second ter- gite only having two rows. Second to sixth sternite with two rows of hairs, the number and arrangement thruout being practically as in the female. Seventh sternite with but four hairs, of which the median pair are much the longest. Eighth sternite with two long spines. The ninth - segment ending in a pair of finger-like processes. Basal plate rather long and slender, about twice as long as the parameres, which are rather stout. Penis long and slender, tne arms diverging but little. HAEMODIPSUS Enderlein. Haemodipsus Enderlein, Zool. Anz., vol. 28, pp. 139-143, (1904). Haematopinus (Polyplax) Neumann, Arch. de Parasit., vol. 13, p. 530, (1909). Haemodipsus Dalla Torre, Genera Insect., Anoplura, p. 15, (i909). Haemodipsus Mjoberg, Arkiv. for Zoologi, vol. 6, no. 13, p. 165, (1910). Enderlein’s definition of this genus is essentially as follows: ‘Head short, swollen posteriorly, antennae standing far forward. Hind head without lateral projections. Abdomen without sclerites and plates, the outer wall quite smooth. Telson normal. Each of the seven sternites and eight tergites with a transverse row of rather closely spaced, very 28 NORTH AMERICAN ANOPLURA long hairs near the posterior margin. Forcipes of the penis on each side with a large, heavily chitinized tooth. Spiracles very small. Anterior legs more slender and smaller than the others. Tibiae and tarsi as in Linognathus. The genus was established for two species, H.lyriocephalus (Denny) and AH. ventricosus (Denny), both occurring upon European species of hares and rabbits. Enderlein did not have specimens of H. ventricosus, and it has since been pointed out that in this species the pleural plates are really present, altho they are extremely small. Because of this it has been suggested that these two species should not be referred to the same genus. Mr. Cummings, of the British Museum, has very kindly sent us specimens of both species for examination, and we are of the opinion that they should be referred to the same genus, even though the pleural plates are really present in one and absent in the other. These plates are so extremely small in H. ventricosus that the step from “pleu- rites present” to “pleurites lacking” is after all not very great, especially as the two species agree very closely in other particulars. H. lyriocepha- lus may be distinguished from any of the species of Linognathus, in which genus the pleural plates are also lacking, by the extremely broad head and by the very short gonapods of the female. There have previously been referred to this genus only the two spe- cies mentioned above. We are provisionally referring to it a third spe- cies, which we are describing as new, taken from a vizcacha (Lagidium peruani) in South America. This last species is certainly very different in many respects from the other two in the genus, yet there seems to be no good reason for establishing a new genus for it, and it cannot well be referred to any other genus as yet established. Haemodipsus ventricosus (Denny). Plate Il, fig, 2; plate IV, fig. 5; plate V, fig: 12; textaie aime Haematopinus ventricosus Denny, Mon. Anopl. Brit., p. 30, pl. 25, fig. 6, (1842). Haemodipsus ventricosus Enderlein, Zool. Anz., vol. 28, p. 143, (1904). Haematopinus ventricosus Osborn, Bul. 5, n. s., U. S. Dept. Agr., Div. Ent., p. 182, (1806). Haemodipsus ventricosus Dalla Torre, Genera Insect., Anoplura, p. 15, (1908). Haematopinus (Polyplax) ventricosus Neumann, Arch. de Parasit., vol. 13, pp. 527- 528, (1909). Haemodipsus ventricosus Mjoberg, Arkiv. for Zoologi, vol. 6, no. 13, p. 165 (1910). Four females from a hare, Lepus californicus (Freestone, Sonoma county, Calif.), and one very badly damaged female from a domestic rab- DESCRIPTIONS AND DETERMINATIONS OF SPECIES 29 bit (Panama Canal Zone). Osborn records it from a prairie hare, Lepus campestris (Ames, lowa), and from an unnamed host (Baltimore, Md.). Through the kindness of Mr. Cummings we have been enabled to com- pare our specimens with a co-type of H. ventricosus, and are certain of our identification. The published descriptions of the species are rather unsatisfactory, and we are therefore re-describing it somewhat more fully. DESCRIPTION OF THE FEMALE.—Total length 1.5 mm., length of head .35 mm., length of abdomen 1.05 mm., width of thorax .28 mm., width of head .3 mm., width of abdomen .72 mm. Fig. 11.—Haemodipsus ventricosus (Denny); pleural plate and ventral side of terminal abdominal segments of female. Head with very convex anterior margin, widening slightly behind the antennae, the temporal margins convex and with an abrupt angle posteriorly; occiput rather narrow and quite convex. Anterior margin and forehead with several small hairs; a very faint transverse suture im- mediately behind the antennae with four small hairs arranged along it, four or five short spines along the temporal margin, and a single long hair at the posterior-lateral angle. Antennae set slightly in advance of the center of the head; first segment not conspicuously enlarged, about as wide as long; second segment of about the same length but more slen- der; third, fourth and fifth segments sub-equal. Thorax relatively small, much narrower than the head and about twice as wide as long, widest posteriorly, apparently composed entirely of the prothorax. Anterior margin with a very deep and narrow V-shaped notch which reaches nearly to the posterior margin. A single short spine at each anterior angle, and a short spine and a long hair at each posterior 30 NORTH AMERICAN ANOPLURA — angle. First pair of legs small with slender claw, second and third pairs much larger than the first, nearly equal to each other, with broad claw. Sternal plate hexagonal, the anterior margin slightly the longest, the others nearly equal. All the pairs of coxae widely separated. Abdomen large, elongated oval, without chitinized tergites and sternites, having everywhere a reticulated appearance, the divisions be- tween the segments poorly defined. First segment very small and nar- row, with one row of four hairs; second segment with two rows of hairs, the first of six, the second of eight; third to seventh segments each with one row of eight hairs; eighth with six, of which the median pair is longer than the others; ninth with none. Second to seventh segments each with a pair of hairs on each side close to the lateral margin. Pleurites present on the third to sixth segments, very small, tooth- like, with the base attached to the body and the point free. Each with a single long hair on the posterior margin. On the ventral side, segment one apparently with no hairs; segments two to five each with one row of six; six and seven each with one row of four. All except the first and ninth with two hairs near each lateral margin. Genital plate very poorly defined; gonapods small and bearing four or five small spines in a row on the posterior margin; just caudad of each gonapod a group of one large and several small hairs. Vulva fringed. Haemodipsus parvus n. sp. Plate Il, fig. 4; plate 1V; fig. ©; text haau2: Five females from a vizcacha, Lagidium peruani, taken in Peru PPP! Fig. 12.—Haemodipsus parvus n. sp.; pleural plates of female. DESCRIPTIONS AND DETERMINATIONS OF SPECIES 31 (C. H. T. Townsend). While the species is, in general appearance, very unlike the others in the genus to which we are referring it, there seem to be no good grounds for considering it as representing a new genus, and it certainly cannot be referred to any other than Haemodipsus among genera so far established. It differs from the other members of this genus in its small head, the shape and size of the pleurites, and the ex- ceedingly small number of hairs on the abdomen. DESCRIPTION OF THE FEMALE.—Total length .7 mm., length of head .I2 mm., length of abdomen .55 mm., width of head .1 mm., width of tho- rax .16 mm., width of abdomen .35 mm. Head small and quite deeply inserted into the thorax, anterior mar- gin somewhat convex, lateral margins nearly straight, the posterior mar- gin slightly convex. Antennae set slightly in advance of the center of the head; the first segment not conspicuously enlarged; the second slightly more slender than the first and a trifle longer; the third, fourth and fifth subequal; the fourth with the outer posterior angle slightly produced. On each side immediately in front of the antennae there is a small brown patch. Several very small hairs on the anterior margin, a transverse row of four near the front of the head, another of four just in front of the antennae, and another of six somewhat farther back. A pair of spines about half way between antennae and the occipital margin and slightly in from the lateral margin, the inner being short, the outer longer, reaching slightly beyond the occiput. Thorax considerably wider than the head, composed almost entirely of the pronotum, trapezoidal in shape, the lateral and posterior margins nearly straight, anterior margin with a shallow V-shaped groove which ends in a furrow that extends back to the posterior margin of the pro- notum. A short spine in each anterior angle, the posterior margin of the pronotum bearing two short spines close together near the lateral margin, and a median pair of long hairs. First pair of legs small with slender claw; second and third pairs considerably larger, nearly equal in size, and with broad, stout claw. Sternal plate elliptical, the coxae widely separated. Abdomen elongated oval in shape, about two-thirds as wide as long, with no chitinized tergal or sternal plates, the body-wall presenting a uniformly reticulated appearance, the divisions between the segments poorly defined. First to eighth segments with a median pair of hairs, close together; those of the eighth being very short, those of the others about as long as the segment. Second to seventh segments with one hair near the lateral margin. Eighth with two long hairs at the posterior 32 NORTH AMERICAN ANOPLURA angle. Second to fifth segments with pleural plates which are nearly square and have the posterior angles produced into a short tooth. First with one very short hair, remainder without hairs. | On the ventral side, segment one with median group of two hairs; two to six with four; seven with two widely separated; all the segments except the first, eighth and ninth with a hair near the lateral margin. Genital plate with a transverse row of five or six small spines. Gonapods with two or three long hairs; ninth segment with two short, stout spines near the posterior margin. FAHRENHOLZIA n. gen. We are establishing this genus for a single species taken from a pocket rat, Dipodomys californicus (family Heteromyidae). The species is of interest not only as the type of a new genus, but as the first Ano- pluran to be recorded from any of this small and very peculiar family of rodents. The genus stands between Haemodipsus and Enderleinellus, having the middle and posterior pairs of legs of the same size, as in Hae- modipsus, and having a projection on the anterior margin of the hind tarsi as in Enderleimellus. The second sternite bears a uair of chitinous plates of doubtful homology, which are perhaps the homologues of cer- tain similar but much smaller plates on the third sternite in Enderleimel- lus. It is possible that these plates represent the pleurites of the first segment. DIAGNOSIS OF THE GENUS.—Antennae five-jointed, similar in male and female. Eyes lacking. Anterior pair of legs small, with slender claws; middle and posterior pairs much larger, and with broad claws. Posterior tarsi with a short projection on the anterior margin. Abdomen without chitinized tergal and sternal plates. Pleural plates well defined, present on the second to fourth segments. Sternite of the second seg- ment with a pair of chitinous plates, which may represent the pleurites of the first segment. Each segment with a single transverse row of spines. Named in honor of H. Fahrenholz, whose excellent papers upon the Anoplura have been of much assistance to us. Fahrenholzia pinnata n. sp. Plate 11, fig. 2; plate V, figs. 5-and 6; plate VI, fig, 10; texte ue: Numerous males and females from several individuals of Dipodomys californicus (pocket rat) all taken at Covelo, Calif. DESCRIPTIONS AND DETERMINATIONS OF SPECIES 33 DESCRIPTION OF THE FEMALE.—Total length .g2 mm., length of head 15 mm., length of abdomen .68 mm., width of head .13 mm., width of thorax .15 mm., width of abdomen .35 mm. Head small, pointed anteriorly; temporal angles very small, the temporal margins slightly convex and nearly parallel, merging impercep- tibly into the occipital margin, which is slightly pointed. All the hairs on the head are very small; the anterior margin with several transverse rows of four near the front of the head; another of four immediately in front of the antennae; one on each side close to the base of the antennae, and transverse row of six immediately behind the antennae; one on each temporal margin; and a diagonal row of three on each side, extending from slightly behind the antennae toward the occiput. A small brown patch on each side immediately in front of the antennae. 1\\ Fig. 13.—Fahrenholzia pinnata n. sp.; pleural plates and ventral side of terminal abdominal segments of female. Antennae set slightly in advance of the center of the head, the first segment not conspicuously enlarged, and about as long as wide; the sec- ond segment nearly as wide as the first and slightly longer; the third, fourth and fifth segments subequal in length, and forming a very slight club. Ventral side of the head with a broad keel, which bears a short hair on each side, close to the base of the antennae. A few small hairs about the rostrum, which is close to the anterior margin. Thorax small, entirely destitute of hairs, but little wider than the head, and only slightly wider than long; width across anterior and pos- 34 NORTH AMERICAN ANOPLURA terior margins nearly equal; the anterior margin with a very deep V- shaped notch which reaches nearly to the posterior margin; lateral mar- gins slightly convex, the posterior margin nearly straight. The division between the meso-thorax and meta-thorax is very indistinct, and the spir- acles on the meso-thorax are extremely small. First pair of legs small, with slender claw; second and third pairs about equal in size, each with a broad, heavy claw. The tarsus of the third pair bears on its outer anterior angle a short, sharp, thumb-like pro- jection. Sternal plate roughly circular, about as wide as long, the anter- ior margin almost straight, the posterior margin slightly pointed. First and second pairs of coxae widely separated, third pair approximate or contiguous. Abdomen elongated, with nearly parallel sides, the posterior margin rounded. There are no chitinized tergites or sternites, the derm having everywhere a reticulated appearance; the divisions between the segments are poorly defined, and each bears a single row of spines. First segment very small, with two small, quite widely separated hairs. The second and third segments are so fused as to be indistinguishable from each other, a median pair of small spines alone marking the posterior margin of the second. The two segments together form a trapezoid, widest behind and with nearly straight lateral.margins. Third segment with six or seven spines, fourth with twelve, fifth to seventh with twelve to sixteen; all awl-shaped and about as long as the segment, except that on the seventh segment the third spine from the median line on each side is much longer than the others, reaching beyond the end of the body. Eighth and ninth segments each with two spines, those on the ninth being widely separated and quite short. Eighth with two long hairs on posterior angles. _ There are four pairs of pleurites belonging to the second to fifth seg- ments. The pleurites of the second segment are long and slender, ex- panded, and with two short lobes at the posterior end, buried in the ven- tral wall of the fused second and third segments, and entirely invisible from above. The pleurites of the third segment consist of a knife-like piece, with a single point, closely applied to the dorsum of the second and third segments, directly dorsad of the pleurites of the second seg- ment, and bearing on the posterior margin one short and one very long hair. On the lateral body-wall between the pleurites of the second and third segments there is a row of three small hairs. The pleurites of the fourth segment are triangular in shape, with the posterior margin deeply concave and bearing one long and one short hair. The ventral half is attached to the ventral body-wall; the dorsal half is free and projects DESCRIPTIONS AND DETERMINATIONS OF SPECIES 35 from the body like a fin. Pleurites of the fifth segment small and tooth- like, with but one point, which also projects from the body laterally and bears two very small hairs on the posterior margin. The spiracles are all extremely small. On the ventral side segment two with a median pair of spines, seg- ments three to seven with fourteen to sixteen spines. Genital plate small, sharply pointed posteriorly. Gonapods with three very small hairs. Cau- dad of each gonapod a group of two small and two large hairs, and at the posterior angles of the ninth segment a group of three stout hairs. Anterior lip of the vulva fringed. Resembling the female except for the smaller size, more pointed ab- .15 mm., length of abdomen .55 mm., width of head .12 mm., width of thorax .15 mm., width of abdomen .35 mm. Resembling the female except for the smaller size, more pointed ab- domen, and the absence of the pair of long hairs on the posterior margin of the seventh segment. Basal plate entirely divided, the two parts slen- der and widely separated, parameres likewise slender, strongly outwardly convex, and with knobbed tips. Penis small, apparently divided into two pieces. NEOHAEMATOPINUS Mpjoberg. Neohaematopinus Mjoberg, Arkiv. for Zoologi, vol. 6, no. 13, p. 160. Acanthopinus, ibid., pp. 160-161. Neohaematopinus Cummings, Bul. Ent. Res., vol. 3, p. 393, (1912). Antennae five-segmented, set very close to the anterior margin of the head. Basal segment with the distal post-axial angle more or less produced, and bearing a stout spine; or with this angle not produced, but with a stout spine on the posterior margin of this segment. In the former case the antennae of both female and male are similar in shape, in the latter case the distal pre-axial angle of the third segment in the male is more or less produced. Head extremely broad, narrower than the thorax. Anterior pair of legs small, with slender claw; middle and posterior pairs subequal, larger than the first pair, and with stout claws. Abdomen with or without distinctly chitinized tergal and sternal plates, usually with the second to seventh tergites and second to sixth sternites with two rows of spines, the remainder with one. Pleural plates present on the first to seventh segments. Posterior margin of the second tergite in the male slightly emarginate, and with a closely set group of spines of various lengths at each end of the emargination. This genus was established by Mjoberg for a single species, N. sct- 36 : NORTH AMERICAN ANOPLURA uroptert (Osborn), and immediately following his diagnosis of it he pro- posed a second genus, idcanthopinus, which Cummings has quite recently shown should be united with Neohaematopinus. We have specimens of both genera and are entirely in accordance with the opinion of Cum- mings, for, altho there appears at first sight to be a division into two sharply marked groups, these groups are connected by intermediate forms. ii The genus is extremely close to Polyplax, yet there are certain char- acters common to all its members which are found in none of the species of Polyplax. Of these differences the most notable is the character of the second tergite of the male, which in all the species of Neohaemato- pinus thus far described has the posterior margin distinctly emarginate and bearing a closely set group of spines of various lengths at the ends of this emargination—a character that is present in none of the males of Polyplax. The genus is composed entirely of Sciurid-infesting species, at pres- ent five in number. We are recording two species previously described, and one which is new. Neohaematopinus sciuropteri (Osborn). Plate, Life. ©; plate V)\ ies) 2;and 13. Haematopinus sciuropteri Osborn, Bul. 7, 0. s., U. S. Dept. Agr., Div. Ent., pp. 23-24, fig. 12, (1891); Bul. 5, n. s.,,U. S. Dept. Agr., Diy. Enty pp. 182-183) fig. 105, (18906). Neohaematopinus sciuropteri Mjoberg, Arkiv. for Zoologi, vol. 6, no. 17, p. 160, (1910). One male, taken from a skin of Sciuropterus sp. (Eureka, Calif.) in the Stanford University collection. The species was originally described from the male alone, and no description of the female has ever been pub- lished. Neohaematopinus antennatus (Osborn). Plate V, fig, 10; plate V1, fig. 5; text fig. 14)) Ay amas Haematopinus antennatus Osborn, Bul. 7, 0. s., U. S. Dept. Agr., Div. Ent., p. 25, fig. 13, (1891); Bul. 5, n.s., U. S. Dept. Agr., Div. Ent., pp. 183-184, fig. 106, (1806). Polyplax (?) antennata Enderlein, Zool. Anz., vol. 28, p. 143, (1904). Polyplax (?) antennata Dalla Torre, Genera Insect., Anoplura, p. 13, (1908). Acanthopinus antennatus Mjoberg, Arkiv. for Zoologi, vol. 6, no. 13, p. 161, (1910). Several males and females from Sciurus griseus (Inverness, Marin DESCRIPTIONS AND DETERMINATIONS OF SPECIES SVE county; Freestone, Sonoma county; Sanhedrin Mt., Mendocino county, Calif.), and Sciurus douglas: mollipilosus (Cazadero and Freestone, So- noma county; Gualala, Mendocino county, Calif.). One female from Sciurus fossor nigripes (Mt. Hamilton, Calif.). \\ [\ ih 5 a 9 ix - Fig. 14.—Neohaematopinus antennatus (Osborn); A, pleural plates, and B, ventral side of terminal abdominal segments of female from Sciurus griseus. Neohaematopinus pacificus n. sp.; C, posterior margin of third abdominal tergite male, and E, pleural plates of female.. We are referring these specimens to N. antennatus, altho we have not seen the type of this species and cannot be absolutely sure of our de- termination. Professor Osborn has sent us specimens of a species labelled “near antennatus”’ which differ from our specimens in having the distal, post-axial angle of the first antennal segment much less produced, but agree with our specimens in other particulars. Osborn records the spe- cies from Sciurus cinereus var. ludovicianus (Ames, Iowa). Our speci- mens are characterized by the almost entire absence of chitinized tergal and sternal plates, altho in some specimens these are present as narrow bands immediately in front of the transverse rows of hairs. 38 | NORTH AMERICAN ANOPLURA Neohaematopinus pacificus n. sp. Plate I, fig. 2; plate V, figs. 3, 7a and 7b; text fig. 14, C and D. Numerous males and females from Eutamias townsendi ocrogenys (Freestone, Sonoma county, Calif., and Gualala, Mendocino county, Calif.), Eutamias hindsi (Cazadero, Sonoma county, Calif.), Eutamias sp. (South Yolla Bolly Mt., Tehama county, Calif.), and Eutamias sp. (Sanhedrin Mt., Mendocino county, Calif.). Two females and one male from a skunk, Mephitis occidentalis (Covelo, Mendocino county, Calif.), this last record evidently being due to straggling from chipmunk prey of the skunk. This species differs from N. antennatus (Osb.) in having the an- terior division of each segment of the abdomen distinctly chitinized. It is evidently quite close to N. sciurinus (Mjoberg), a European species, but seems to differ from it in the shape of the head. DESCRIPTION OF THE FEMALE.—Total length 1.00 mm., length of head .2 mm., length of abdomen .7 mm., width of head .17 mm., width of thorax .2 mm., width of abdomen .45 mm. Head with the anterior margin very slightly convex and with a slight median point. Lateral margins of the forehead nearly straight and converging somewhat. Temporal angles very prominent, the temporal margins slightly emarginate, the posterior-lateral angles sharp and prominent. Occiput narrow and with posterior margin produced into a slight point. A small brown patch on the anterior margin on each side of the median line. Temporal margin with three or four short spines, a long pair and a short stout spine at the posterior-lateral angle. Anten- nae very close to the anterior margin. First segment large, the distal post-axial angle slightly produced and bearing a short, stout spine. Sec- ond segment more slender but almost as long, with nearly parallel sides. Third segment very short, widest distally, the anterior margin longer than the posterior. Fourth segment similar, but with the posterior margin longer than the anterior. Fifth joint small. Thorax shorter and wider than the head, with convex lateral mar- gins, widest slightly anterior to the posterior margin, which is nearly straight. A short spine on each shoulder and two widely separated pairs of spines on the posterior margin of the meso-thorax, the outer spine of each pair being short and sharp, the inner one long and hair-like. Sternal plate kite-shaped, with the posterior margin slightly concave. DESCRIPTIONS AND DETERMINATIONS OF SPECIES 39 First pair of legs rather small, with slender claw; second and third pairs large, subequal, with rather heavy claws. Abdomen elongated oval. First segment narrow, with eight spines of varying lengths on the posterior margin. Second to seventh segments with two transverse rows of eight to twelve rather slender spines, and with two spines near each lateral margin. Eighth and ninth segments with one row of six spines. The first tergite, both divisions of the sec- ond, and the anterior division of the third to seventh tergites, show a well defined chitinized plate. The remaining divisions are not chitinized. First pair of pleurites extremely small, with two short spines, and closely oppressed to the second pair. Second to sixth pairs with a slight tooth at each posterior angle, second with two stout spines close together on the posterior margin, the third to sixth with three similar spines. Seventh and eighth pairs smaller, without teeth, and with three slender hair-like spines. On the ventral side, the first segment lacking, the second to sixth segments with the same arrangement of plates and spines as is shown on the dorsum. Seventh segment with one sclerite and eight spines, the out- er pair on each side very long, the remainder very small. Genital plate with four small spines arranged in a semicircle near the center; gonapods with three long and slender hairs, caudad of each gonapod a cluster of spine-like hairs, each tuft composed of two stout hairs and several small ones directly behind the gonapod. Three or four stout hairs and several small ones at each posterior angle of the ninth segment. DESCRIPTION OF THE Mate.—Total length .g mm., length of head .2 mm., length of abdomen .6 mm., width of head .17 mm., width of thorax .2mm., width of abdomen .4 mm. Head, thorax and legs as in the female. Third joint of antennae with two short, stout spines near the tip, which are not present in the female. Abdomen with a smaller number of rows of hairs than in the female, the second tergite and the second to sixth sternites only having two rows, the remainder one. Tergites with well defined chitinous plates, sternites with the anterior portion only chitinized. Second plate of the second ter- gite slightly emarginate, with a group of two long and two very short spines at the posterior angles, and with five spines between these groups. Eighth tergite without spines, seventh sternite with six, eighth sternite with two, remaining rows with practically the same number as in the female. Abdomen pointed posteriorly, ending in a pair of finger-like pro- 40 NORTH AMERICAN ANOPLURA cesses. Basal plate long and slender. Parameres long and stout. Penis long and slender, with arms diverging but slightly. | Genus ENDERLEINELLUS Fahrenholz. Enderleinellus Fahrenholz, Zool. Anzeiger, vol. 39, p. 56, (1912). Enderleinellus Fahrenholz, Reprint from second, third and fourth Jahresbericht des Niedersachsischen Zool. Vereins zu Hannover (Zoologische Abteilung der Naturhistorischen Gesellschaft zu Hannover), pp. 52, 58, (1912). Antennae five-segmented. Anterior and middle pairs of legs of the same size, small, with slender pointed claws, posterior pair much larger and heavier with very stout claws, the tarsi with or without a sharp pro- cess at the outer, anterior angle. Abdomen without chitinized tergal and sternal plates or with these plates but weakly developed. Second tergite and third sternite with two transverse rows of hairs, remaining tergites and sternites with one row. Pleural plates present on second to fifth or sixth segments. Third ster- nite with a pair of widely separated chitinous plates of doubtful homology. This genus was established for a single species, E. sphaerocephalus (Burm.), found upon squirrels in Europe. We are referring to it one species, E. suturalis (Osborn), which has previously been referred to Polyplax, a new variety of this species, and two new species, all being from Sciurids. Enderleinellus suturalis (Osborn). Plate IV, fig. 9. Haematopinus suturalis Osborn, Bul. 7, 0. s., U. S. Dept. Agr., Div. Ent., p. 27, fig. 15, (1891); Bul.'5, n. s., U. S: Dept. Agr., Div. Ent:, p. 185, fie.) 100; @ieeo) Polyplax (?) suturalis Enderlein, Zool. Anz., vol. 28, p. 143, (1904). Polyplax (?) suturalis Dalla Torre, Genera Insect., Anoplura, p. 14, (1908). Through the kindness of Professor Osborn we have been enabled to examine specimens of this species taken from Citellus franklim (Ames, Iowa). Since we are describing a variety of this species and also a new species very closely related to it, we are redescribing it more fully here. We may remark that Polyplax otomydis Cummings, which was stated by its author to be very close to E. suturalis, is, as a matter of fact, very dif- ferent, the only point in which the two species at all closely resemble each other being in the common possession of the transverse suture across the head. DESCRIPTIONS AND DETERMINATIONS OF SPECIES Al DESCRIPTION OF THE FEMALE.—Total length .85 mm, length of head .25 mm., length of abdomen .45 mm., width of head .14 mm., width of thorax .20 mm., width of abdomen .45 mm. Head much longer than wide, rather cylindrical in shape and with the antennae set well forward. The anterior margin is roundly pointed, there are no temporal angles and the temporal margins are for the great- er part of their length parallel and nearly straight, finally converging in a smooth curve to form the slightly rounded occiput. Just behind the an- tennae is a conspicuous, transverse suture. The anterior margin bears several short hairs, there are two short hairs on each side in the anterior angle between the lateral margin and the suture, and a single short hair on each side just behind the suture. The rostrum is set close to the an- terior margin and is surrounded by a chitinous ring. | Antennae set well back from the anterior margin of the head; first segment not conspicuously enlarged, second segment longer but nearly as wide at its outer end. The third, fourth and fifth segments are subequal in length, but the fourth segment is wider than the other two, giving the antennae a slightly clavate appearance. Thorax very short, widest about the middle, the anterior margin with a V-shaped notch, the posterior angle nearly straight and wider than the anterior, the lateral margins convex. Mesothorax with a pair of large spiracles and a medium pair of rather long hairs on the posterior margin. First and second pairs of legs long and slender, with slender claws which are slightly bifid at their tips. Third pair very large, with broad, heavy claws and with a blunt, tooth-like projection on the anterior margin of the femora. Sternal plate slightly longer than wide, the lateral margin nearly straight diverging very slightly, the posterior margin near- ly straight, the anterior margin quite convex. Coxae of first and second pairs of legs widely separated, of the third pair approximate or con- tiguous. Abdomen almost circular in outline without chitinized dorsal and ventral plates. A single row of spines on each segment except the first, which has none. Second segment with a median pair of rather short hairs and a single hair near each lateral margin. Second to seventh seg- ments each with eighteen to twenty-four long, slender, bluntly-pointed hairs, arranged in three groups, a median group of eleven to fourteen and two lateral groups of six to eight, the groups, however, not very dis- tinctly separated. Eighth and ninth segments with a median pair of hairs; seventh and eighth segments each with two long hairs at the pos- terior angles. Only the second to fourth segments bear pleurites. All! 42 NORTH AMERICAN ANOPLURA are triangular in shape with the posterior margin longest and somewhat concave, the posterior angles produced into broad, rounded points. The first bears no hairs, the second, which is the largest, bears a moderately long, stout, blunt hair and a very short one, and the third and fourth each bear two long hairs, in each case that on the dorsal side being the longer. The second segment bears on the ventral side, slightly in from the pleurite, a small chitinized piece, of doubtful homology, but Berets representing the remnant of the first pleurite. On the ventral side of the abdomen all the spines are appreciably shorter and stouter than on the dorsal side, and the number is somewhat smaller. The genital plate is very broad, slightly pointed posteriorly and very convex anteriorly, apparently including a portion of the seventh segment since the row of hairs on this segment extends partly across the genital plate. The gonapods each bear two very short hairs. Behind each gonapod a group of two long stout hairs and two more slender — hairs. A short, sharp, stout spine inwardly pointing on the ninth seg- ment. Vulva not fringed. DESCRIPTION OF THE Matre.—Length .75 mm., length of head .22 mm., length of abdomen .45 mm., width of head .12 mm., width of tho- Trax .2 mm., width of abdomen .4 mm. In general closely resembling the female except for its slightly smaller size and more pointed abdomen. The number of spines on the abdomen is slightly less than in the female, there being four to six less hairs in each row. Basal plate rather short, divided into two slender rods, which are united only at their anterior ends. Parameres shorter than the basal plate, slender, curved inward at the posterior end; penis very small and inconspicuous. Enderleinellus suturalis var. occidentalis n. var. Plate ll, hie. 3; plate lV, fic. 10; plate Vea Several males and females from two individuals of Callospermophi- lus chrysodewrus trinitatus (South Yolla Bolly Mt., Tehama county, Calif.). The variety differs from FE. suturalis in the conspicuously small- er number of spines on the abdomen and in the shape of the sternal plate. The number of spines on each abdominal segment is from fourteen to eighteen, as compared with eighteen to twenty-four in E. suturalis, and the division into three groups is much more marked. The sternal plate is shorter and more nearly round than in E£. suturalts. DESCRIPTIONS AND DETERMINATIONS OF SPECIES 43 Enderleinellus osborni n. sp. Plate §V; fic. 11; plate VI, fig. 6; text fig. 15. Numerous males and females from several individuals of Citellus beecheyi douglasi (ground squirrel) (Cazadero and Covelo, Calif.). The species is close to E. suturalis, differing chiefly in the shape of the sternal plate and the size and number of the abdominal spines, which are much fewer and much shorter and stouter. EON Fig. 15.—Enderleinellus osborni n. sp.; ventral side of terminal abdominal segments, and pleural plates of female. DESCRIPTION OF THE FEMALE.—Total length .6 mm., length of head .18 mm., length of abdomen .35 mm., width of head .1 mm., width of thorax .16 mm., width of abdomen .33 mm. In size and general appearance closely resembling E. suturalis. Head, thorax and legs not appreciably different. The sternal plate, how- ever, is longer than wide, four-sided, the lateral margins the longest, and the posterior margin longer than the anterior. Anterior and poster- ior margins slightly convex, lateral margins concave, all the angles rounded. First segment of the abdomen with no hairs, second with a median group of one or two and with two near each lateral margin, all being quite short and slender. Third segment with a median group of two or three small spines and lateral group of two long flat spines. Fourth with 44 ; NORTH AMERICAN ANOPLURA a median group of four, of which the two inner ones are short and flat, and the two outer ones are extremely long and slender, reaching beyond the end of the body, and with two or three very large flat spines in each lateral group. Segments five to seven each with four spines in each me- dian group and two or three in each lateral group. Eight and nine each with median group of two, those of nine being small; and seven and eight each with two long hairs at the posterior angle. There is considera- ble variability in the number and arrangement of the spines, particularly as regards the long hairs on the fourth segment. In some cases there may be three or even four of these, or some of the spines on the third segment may also be elongated. On the ventral side the spines are much shorter and broader than on the dorsal side; segment two with none; segment three with a group of three on each side; four, five and six with three or four in the median group and two or three in each lateral group; seven with one median spine. Genital plate and gonapods very similar to those of E. suturalis. MEASUREMENTS OF THE MALeE.—Total length .61 mm., length of head .18 mm., length of abdomen .35 mm., width of head .1 mm., width of thorax .16 mm., width of abdomen .33 mm. Resembling the female except that the long hairs on the fourth segment are lacking. Genitalia not differing appreciably from those of FE. suturalis. Enderleinellus longiceps n. sp. Plate ll, fig. 5; plate, lV, fic. 12;) plateyWae meee In the material which we have received from Professor Osborn there are several specimens of an undescribed Anopluran taken from gray squirrels at Lincoln, Nebraska, and with the permission of Professor Os- born we are describing the species. It is closely related to Enderleinellus Sphaerocephalus (Burm.), which occurs upon squirrels in Europe; but there are certain very marked differences between the two, the shape of the head and especially the character of the male genitalia distinguish- ing the American species at once. DESCRIPTION OF THE FEMALE.—Total length .51 mm., length of head .14 mm., length of abdomen .33 mm., width of head .8 mm., width of tho- rax .I4 mm., width of abdomen .25 mm. Head much longer than broad, rather cylindrical in appearance, widest across the base of the antennae. Anterior margin slightly con- vex, lateral margins parallel, nearly straight, temporal angles entirely lacking. A few small hairs on the margin, a transverse row of four, ar- DESCRIPTIONS AND DETERMINATIONS OF SPECIES 45 ranged in two pairs just behind the antennae, a third row of four larger hairs just in front of the anterior margin of the thorax, and three smail hairs on each temporal margin. Antennae very close to the anterior margin of the head, the first segment almost entirely concealed beneath the head, and not conspicu- ously enlarged. Second segment slenderer, about as long as the first; third, fouth and fifth segments subequal, shorter than the second. Ros- trum near the anterior margin. Thorax wider than the head and longer than wide, rather hexagonal in shape, the lateral margins sharply convex. A short spine at each shoul- der and a median pair of hairs on the posterior margin of the prothorax. Sternal plate spade-shaped, with a short handle-like projection anteriorly. First and second pairs of legs rather small and slender, with slender claws. Third pair much larger and heavier, with very heavy claws, and with a small tooth-like projection on the anterior margin of both the femur and tarsus. Abdomen short, oval, widening rather abruptly behind the second segment; which is only slightly wider than the thorax. No chitinized tergal or sternal plates, the derm having a uniformly reticulated appear- ance. The hairs on each segment are arranged in three groups, a median group and a group near each lateral margin, the groups being distinctly separated. The arrangement of the spines in the lateral groups as fol- lows: first segment, none; second segment, one in each group; third seg- ment with two; fourth, fifth and sixth segments with three; eighth with one. Hairs in the median groups as follows: first, second and third seg- ments with four; fourth, fifth and sixth with six; eighth with four; ninth with two. Seventh segment with the groups merging and forming an unbroken row of eight spines, and with two long hairs at each angle. Fighth likewise with two long hairs at each angle. Pleurites present on the second to fifth segments, small and with a short, rounded tooth at each posterior angle, and two or tree short spines on the posterior margin. On the ventral side the first segment apparently lacking; second with one row of three or four spines; third with two rows, consisting of a median group of six and two lateral groups of two each. Fourth to sixth segments as on the dorsum. Seventh with four spines in the median group and one in each lateral group. Genital plate very large. Gona- pods with several short hairs, a large, stout spine, and several hairs at each angle of the ninth segment. Third sternite with a pair of small chi- tinous plates, the posterior end of each slightly notched, and with a short spine in the notch. 46 NORTH AMERICAN ANOPLURA DESCRIPTION OF THE Mare.—Total length .51 mm., length of head .14 mm., length of abdomen .32 mm., width of head .8 mm., width of thorax .15 mm., width of abdomen .25 mm. Similar to female except in having the body more slender, and in the presence of a narrow, transverse, chitinized strip in front of each row of spines on the abdomen. Posterior end of the abdomen rounded. Geni- talia very large and conspicuous and of a very peculiar form. Basal plate divided into two slender, widely-separated rods; parameres apparently lacking, although the homology of the parts is extremely obscure. HAEMATOPINOIDES Osborn. Haematopinoides Osborn, Bul. 7, o. s., U. S. Dept. Agr., Div. Ent., p. 28, (1891) ; Bul. 5} n.is., UL S. Dept. ‘Agr., Div. Ent.p. 187, GS), - Haematopinoides Enderlein, Zool. Anz., vol. 28, p. 140, (1904). Haematopinoides Dalla Torre, Genera Insect., Anoplura, p. 15, (1908). Antennae three-segmented. Middle and anterior legs small, pos- terior pair larger. Abdomen without chitinized tergal and sternal plates, but with the pleural plates present on the first to eighth segments, very large and overlapping. Haematopinoides squamosus Osborn. Haematopinoides squamosus Osborn, Bul. 7, 0. s., U. S. Dept. Agr., Div. Ent., p. 28, fig. 16, (1891); Bul. 5, n.s., U. S. Dept. Agr., Div. Ent., p. 187, fig. 110, (1896), Haematopinoides squamosus Enderlein, Zool. Anz., vol. 28, p. 136, (1904). Haematopinoides squamosus Dalla Torre, Genera Insect., Anoplura, p. 15, fig. Io, (1908). This singular species has been recorded but once, having been taken from a pocket gopher, Geomys bursarius (Ames, Iowa). We are inclined to believe that its natural host is not one of the Geomyidae, since the examination of many specimens of several species of Geomyids in Cali- fornia has not revealed it. Furthermore a very similar species, if not indeed the same, has been recorded from a mole. We have not been able to see the type of the species. EUHAEMATOPINUS Osborn. Euhaematopinus Osborn, Bul. 5, n. s., U. S. Dept. Agr., Div. Ent., p. 186, (1896). Euhaematopinus Enderlein, Zool. Anz., vol. 28, p. 140, (1904). Euhaematopinus Dalla Torre, Genera Insect., Anoplura, p. 16, (1908). Antennae three-segmented. Thorax with a pair of large spiracles. DESCRIPTIONS AND DETERMINATIONS OF SPECIES 47 Anterior and middle pairs of legs of nearly the same size. Posterior pair much larger and heavier, with broad heavy claw and with a stalked disk- shaped appendage on the femur and tibia. No tergal and sternal plates. Pleural plates present on first to eighth segments. Euhaematopinus abnormis Osborn. Plate Tl, fig. 3; plate V, figs. 4 and 9; text fig. 16. Euhaematopinus abnormis Osborn, Bul. 5, n. s., U. S. Dept. Agr., Div. Ent., p. 187, (1896). Euhaematopinus abnormis Enderlein, Zool. Anz., vol. 28, p. 140, (1904). Euhaematopinus abnormis Dalla Torre, Genera Insect., Anoplura, p. 16, (1908). Fig. 16.—Euhaematopinus abnormis Osborn; head of female. Through the kindness of Professor Osborn we have been permitted to examine the type of this species. It is extremely close to Haematopi- noides squamosus Osborn, the only point of difference being the charac- ter of the posterior legs. These in Euhaematopinus are very short and heavy and bear a stalked disk-shaped appendage on the femur and tibia, while in Haematopinoides they are said to be normal. In all other re- spects—shape of the head, sternal plate and pleural plates, character of the antennae and absence of sternal and tergal plates—the species agrees entirely with Osborn’s description and figure of H. squamosus. In fact we are strongly inclined to suspect that the two species are identical. The question can only be cleared up by the finding of the types of H. squa- mosus, unfortunately lost, or the re-discovery of the species. Euhaema- topinus abnormis has been taken but once, from a mole, Scalops argen- tatus = Scalopus aquaticus (Ames, Iowa). We have examined several freshly-caught moles as well as several skins in the Stanford collection 48 NORTH AMERICAN ANOPLURA without finding it. We did, however, find eggs, apparently of an Ano- pluran, upon one skin. Family ECHINOPHTHIRIIDAE Enderlein. Echinophthirudae Enderlein, Zool. Anz., vol. 28, p. 137, (1904). Echinophthirudae Enderlein, ibid., vol. 29, p. 661, (1905). Echinophtlirudae Enderlein, Deutsche Siidpolar Expedition, vol. 10, part. 4, pp. 476, 505, 506, (1909). . Echinophthirudae Mjoberg, Arkiv. for Zoologi, vol. 6, no. 13, p. 176, (1912). Lepidophthirudae (in part) Mjoberg, ibid., p. 177. Body thick and plump, thickly beset with spines or with scales. Head not prolonged cylindrically, widened posteriorly. Eyes entirely lacking. Antennae four- or five-jointed. Anterior legs smaller than the others, all, however, extremely stout. No distinct sternal plate. Abdomen with- out pleural plates. In this family are included all the Anopluran parasites of marine mammals, such as the seals and walruses, and all are adapted by a thick coating of spines or scales to the aquatic life of their hosts. Mjoberg has proposed to divide the group into two families with regard to the pres- ence or absence of scales, but with this view we are hardly inclined to agree. The family is small, containing at present but seven species (we are adding an eighth), of which four occur in North America or Green- land. Genus ANTARCTOPHTHIRUS Enderlein. Antarctophthirus Enderlein, Zool. Anz., vol. 28, pp. 136-137, (1904). Antarctophthirus Enderlein, Deutsche Siidpolar Exped., vol. 10, pt. 4, pp. 476, 508, figs. 172-177, text fig. KK, NN, (1909). . Arctophtirus (in part) Mjoberg, Arkiv. for Zoologi, vol. 6, no. 13, p. 177, (1910). Antennae five-segmented. Anterior legs and claws much smaller and slenderer than the others. Spiracles small, one pair on the meso- thorax and on each of the third to eighth abdominal segments. Head, thorax and abdomen beset with more or less short, stout spines, and with long hairs. Abdomen beset with scales on both dorsal and ventral sides. Scales present, but much more sparingly, on the thorax. ‘There are at present but four species in this genus: one, A. trichechi (Boh.), occur- ring upon walruses, in the Arctic regions, the other three occurring upon as many species of seals in the Antarctic. Mjoberg has proposed placing A. trichechi in a separate genus, Arctophtirus, but we are unable to un- derstand his reasons for doing so. We have at hand specimens of this species and of another which is undoubtedly new. DESCRIPTIONS AND DETERMINATIONS OF SPECIES 49. Antarctophthirus trichechi (Boh). Plate hei text tie n7.) 2: Haematopinus trichecht Boheman, Vetensk Akad. Forhandl. (Kopenhagen) 12, p. 577, pl. 35, fig. II, Ila and II, (1865). : _ Antarctophthirus trichechi Enderlein, Deutsche Stidpolar Exped., vol. 10, pt. 4, pp- 505, 512-513, pls. 55-56, (1909). Arctophtirus — trichechi Mjoberg, Arkiv. for Zoologi, vol. 6, no. 13, pp. 177-180, (1910). We have several specimens of this species, both males and females, taken from a “Pacific walrus” (northeast of Siberia) sent us by Profes- sor Van Dyke of the University of California. Fig. 17.—A, Antarctophthirus monachus n. sp., scales from abdomen. B, Antarctophthirus trichechi (Boh.) ; scales from abdomen. Antarctophthirus monachus n. sp. Parc ihe A text fo 17. iA and! text tio.” 1S. Among the material sent us by Professor Osborn are three speci- mens, two males and a female, of an undescribed species which we are referring to Antarctophthirus. The locality and exact host of the species are unknown, the specimens being labelled merely “On seal (?).” The species differs quite markedly from the others of the genus, being slen- derer and much more spiny. DESCRIPTION OF THE FEMALE.—Total length 2.5 mm., length of head .5 mm., length of abdomen 1.6 mm., width of head .4 mm., width of thorax .5 mm., width of abdomen approximately 1 mm. Head short and broad, the anterior margin slightly convex, the tem- SO NORTH AMERICAN ANOPLURA x poral angles sharp and very prominent. Temporal margins nearly straight, diverging very slightly for a short distance, then converging to form the occiput. Occipital margin straight. Temporal margins with one short, stout spine, followed by two long stout hairs. A transverse row of six long spines across the occiput, with a median pair of short, stout spines. A distinct transverse row of six or eight very short, blunt spines just within the anterior margin, and numerous spines rather ir- regularly arranged about the head. | Fig. 18.—Antarctophthirus monachus n. sp.; ventral side of thorax. Antennae five-segmented, set very close to the anterior margin; the first segment large, the second slightly narrower but about as long, the remainder successively shorter and narrower. Under side of the head with a raised median portion bearing numerous short, slender hairs, with a thick fringe of long, slender hairs about the lateral and posterior mar- gins. Rostrum very short, close to the anterior margin. Thorax only slightly wider and somewhat longer than the head, not widening posteriorly, entirely free from scales. Anterior margin with a slight V-shaped notch, the posterior margin nearly straight. Mesotho- rax with a median area bearing many short, blunt spines and rather long hairs, and with numerous spines and hairs along the lateral margins. Metathorax with an irregular, transverse row of eight to twelve stout hairs and several smaller ones. Legs very large and stout, the middle and posterior pair of nearly the same size, the anterior pair much smaller. No distinct sternal plate, the space between the coxae bearing many slen- der, irregularly arranged hairs, of which those at the posterior margin are longer and stouter than the remainder. Abdomen elongated oval, slightly pointed posteriorly. First to third DESCRIPTIONS AND DETERMINATIONS OF SPECIES 51 segments with numerous short, stout spines, and with a transverse row of slender hairs along the posterior margin. Succeeding segments with a diminishing number of hairs and spines, these being replaced by small, thin scales, particularly along the lateral margins. Ventral side thickly beset with short, stout spines, and with no scales except on the seventh and eighth segments, where the spines are almost entirely replaced by scales. Ninth segment and the posterior margin of the eighth with a great number of long, slender hairs. DESCRIPTION OF THE MALE.—Total length 2.4 mm., length of head .5 mm., length of abdomen 1.55 mm., width of head .4 mm., width os thorax .5 mm., width of abdomen I.00 mm. Closely Pe Cabline the female, except for the slightly more pointed abdomen. Ventrally almost entirely free from scales. Basal plate broad, more heavily chitinized at the margins than elsewhere. Parameres very short and slender. Penis large and bluntly pointed. Genus ECHINOPHTHIRIUS Enderlein. Echinophthirius Giebel, Zeitschr. fiir Ges. Naturw., vol. 37, p. 177, (1871). Echinophthirius Enderlein, Zool. Anz., vol. 29, p. 661, (1906). Echinophthirius Enderlein, Deutsche Stidpolar Exped., vol. 10, pt. 4, p. 507, (1909). Antennae four-segmented. Body entirely without scales. Head, thorax and abdomen beset with long, heavy spines. Echinophthirius phocae (Lucas). Reported by Osborn, as E. setosus, from harbor seals in the New York Aquarium. In addition Echinophthirius groenlandicus (Becher), host Phoca groenlandica, and Echinophthirius sericeus Meinert, have been reported from Greenland. 52 NORTH AMERICAN ANOPLURA AND MALLOPHAGA V DEGREE OF HOST PARASITIZATION: In addition to a record of the hosts upon which parasite species have been found, it is very desirable to know also those host species which have been examined for parasites with negative results. In fact if we are to arrive at a proper understanding of the problems of species distribu- tion among the parasites, then negative records are in many cases of an importance almost equal to the positive records. Even though repeated failures to find a certain parasite upon a certain host can never be re- garded as absolute proof that that particular parasite does not occur up: on that particular host, the record of such failures does at least give much aid in judging whether our positive records of the occurrence of a parasite species upon that host are to be accepted unquestioningly or are to be regarded with suspicion. While straggling, or the accidental occur- rence upon a host species of a parasite not normal to it, is not a very com- mon occurrence, it does sometimes happen. The appearance upon a car- nivorous host of parasites normally found upon the prey of that host, or especially the transference of parasites from one host to another in the game-bag or on the skinning-table may, and in fact do, sometimes occur. In such cases, and in the case of parasites taken from skins in museums and from hosts which have been confined in zoological gardens, negative records, whenever available, are unquestionably of extremely great value. Because of these facts we are adding what may very well be called a negative host record, including only those host. species which we our- selves have examined for parasites with negative results. We have found no Mallophaga upon any of the Sciuridae repre- sented by several species and many individuals of the genera Sciurus, Eutamias, Citellus, Callospermophilus, Arctomys and Sciuropterus, nor upon any of the Muridae represented by the genera Peromyscus, Micro- tus, Phenacomys and Mus. There have previously been isolated records of the occurrence of Mallophaga upon certain Sciurids, but the evidence indicates very strongly that neither the Sciwridae nor the Muridae nor- mally possess a Mallophagan species. We have found neither Mallophaga nor Anoplura upon any of the HOST PARASITIZATION 53 following: the Sortcidae, represented by Sorex vagrans, S. montereyen- sis and Neosorex bendirei; the Talpidae, represented by Scapanus lati- manus and Neurotrichus gibbsi; the Zapodidae, represented by Zapus orarims and Z. trinotatus allem; the Aplodontidae, represented by Aflo- dontia phaea; the Didelphidae (Marsupialia), represented by Didel- phys sp. The number of individuals examined in each of the above cases is for the most part very small, ranging from three in the case of Didel- phys sp. to twenty-five or thirty in the case of the two species of Sorex. or this reason it is extremely probable that some of these negative con- ditions will be changed by further investigation. : We have found no Anoplura, with the exception of one case pre- viously discussed, on any of the Mustelidae, represented by two species of skunks, Mephitis occidentalis and Spilogale phenax, one species of badger, Taxidea taxus, and one species of weasel, Putorius xranthogenes mundis. The Felidae, represented by two or three individuals of one species, Lynx californicus, and the Geomyidae, represented by perhaps a hundred individuals of several species of the genus Thomomys, have like- wise produced no Anoplura. All these species, however, are represented in the Mallophagan host list. A few observations in regard to the occurrence of parasites upon the individual hosts may perhaps be of some interest. Myjoberg has stated that in general but one species of Anoplura occurs upon any host species ; but this is by no means always the case. Many of the Sciuridae are reg- ularly parasitized by two species of Anoplura, and probably sometimes even by three; and the various species of the genus Microtus, of the Mu- ridae, is regularly parasitized by two species. The white-footed mice of the genus Peromyscus likewise harbor two Anopluran species, altho one of these is evidently rather rare. It is, however, an interesting fact, whether of any significance or not, that those host species which are the most heavily parasitized by Mallophaga do not harbor any Anoplura; and the reverse is also true. The Sciuridae and Muridae, which collec- tively harbor four or five genera and numerous species of Anoplura, do not seem to possess a single Mallophagan species; and the Mustelidae and Geomyidae, which have several species of Mallophaga and are in- dividually very heavily parasitized, apparently do not normally possess any Anoplura. The degree of parasitization of the individual hosts is extremely var- iable; but in general it may be said that hardly half of the host individ- uals of a parasitized host species are sufficiently infested to permit of finding the parasites ; indeed in many cases the percentage is even small- 54 NORTH AMERICAN ANOPLURA AND MALLOPHAGA er. Out of perhaps fifteen rabbits representing two species of different genera, which we have examined, but one was found to be parasitized. Attempts to correlate the presence or absence of parasites with the life habits of the hosts have thus far proven entirely unsuccessful. It might be surmised that the host species which hibernate for long periods, with a very marked decrease in their body temperature, or those species which spend a large part of their life in water, would be free from parasites ; yet this is not at all the case. The Point Barrow ground squirrel, which must hibernate for more than half its life, and the various species of seals and walruses, are not at all lacking in uninvited guests. MALLOPHAGA FROM MAMMALS 55 VI NORTH AMERICAN MALLOPHAGA FROM MAMMALS The list of the Mallophaga recorded from American mammals (1in- cluding the records of this paper) comprises twenty-seven species, of which nine occur upon domesticated hosts. : These twenty-seven species are distributed among five genera, of which four—Heterodoxus, Trimenopon, Gliricola and Gyropus—are rep- resented by a single species each. The other species all belong to the genus Trichodectes, which, as a matter of fact, includes four-fifths of all the mammal-infesting Mallophaga. (In a recent paper, “Ectoparasites of Mammals,” published in the American Naturalist, vol. 48, pp. 257-279, 1914, the senior author discusses in some detail the interesting conditions of the generic distribution of Mallophaga among the mammals. ) The species of the genus Trichodectes find their hosts among such extremely diverse mammals—diverse as to habits as well as phylogeny— as gophers, beavers, pocket-rats, skunks, badgers, porcupines, cats, dogs, horses, cattle, goats, sheep, deer, and even monkeys. Yet in spite of this wide range of hosts, the genus is remarkably homogeneous, there being but little breaking up of the species into particular groups associated with particular groups of phyletically or habit-related hosts. In this respect the mammal-infesting Mallophaga present a striking and interesting contrast with the other group of permanent ectoparasites of mammals, that is, the Anoplura. Among these latter there is an ex- tremely pronounced breaking up into groups—groups fairly characterized as distinct genera, sub-families and even families—the species of each of _which are characteristic of certain restricted groups of hosts. It is, in- deed, a rule almost without exception that any single Anopluran genus is confined to a single host order, or even to a single host family. It is probable that a closer study of the mammalian Mallophaga will warrant some breaking-up of the large genus Trichodectes into three or four lesser genera; one or two students have made a beginning of such an analysis. But the possibilities of such a breaking-up are limited; the plain truth is, that the differentiation and heterogeneous specialization of the Anoplura is far and away beyond that of the Mallophaga. However, such a condition is but the one to be expected. It should 56 NORTH AMERICAN MALLOPHAGA be not at all surprising that parasites which come into such more intimate relations with their hosts as do the blood-sucking ones (the Anoplura) as compared with the hair and dermal-scale feeding ones (the Mallophaga) should reveal a much more exact fitting to their host, involving structural and physiological specialization. Although in listing in the following pages all the species of Tricho- dectes so far recorded from North American mammals we have believed it advisable to indicate our belief that certain species are only synonyms of certain others, we have by no means attempted to make a complete revision of the North American species of the genus. This undertaking we may postpone until a planned attempt to make a revision of the whole genus as at present known from both New World and Old World records can be taken up. DESCRIPTIONS AND DETEKMINATIONS OF SPECIES 57 VOT: DESCRIPTIONS OF NEW SPECIES, AND DETERMINATIONS On OLD SPECIES OF MALWOPHAGA: Genus TRICHODECTES Nitzsch. Antennae three-segmented; tarsi with one claw, infesting mammals only. The only genus in the family Trichodectidae. This genus, as stated above, is found upon a wide variety of hosts. An attempt has recently been made to break it up, Mjoberg having pro- posed a genus, Eutrichophilus, for certain species found upon porcupines and deer. The attempt, however, is not very convincing. There are be- tween fifty and sixty known species, of which twenty-three have been recorded from North America. Trichodectes parumpilosus Piaget. Trichodectes parumpilosus Piaget, Les Pediculines, p. 397, pl. 32, fig. 5, (1880). This species is apparently very common on the domestic horse. We have numerous specimens, and it has previously been reported by Os- born. Another species, T. pilosus Giebel, has also been described from horses, but has not yet been reported from North America. Trichodectes scalaris Nitzsch. Trichodectes scalaris Nitzsch, in Giebel, Ins. Epiz., p. 61, pl. 3, fig. 7, 9, (1874). Occurs on domestic cattle. It has been reported by Osborn, and we also have specimens. Trichodectes climax Nitzsch. Trichodectes climax Nitzsch, Germar’s Mag., vol. 3, p. 296, (1818). Trichodectes limbatus Gervais, Hist. Ins. Aptéres, vol. 3, p. 313, pl. 7, fig. 1, (1848). An extremely common parasite of domestic goats. Another species, T. limbatus Gervais, has also been described from goats; but we are in- clined to believe with Osborn that the two species are identical. 58 3 NORTH AMERICAN MALLOPHAGA Trichodectes hermsi Kellogg & Nakayama. Trichodectes hermsi Kellogg & Nakayama, Psyche, vol. 22, (in press, 1915). Described from specimens taken from Angora goats at Inverness, Marin county, Calif. It is easily distinguishable from 7. climax by its large size and the numerous short, spiny hairs irregularly disposed on the head and abdomen, in this respect resembling 7. pilosus. However, it differs from T. pilosus in being considerably larger and in the marked disparity in the size of the male and female. Trichodectes latus Nitzsch. Trichodectes latus Nitzsch, in Giebel, Ins. Epiz., p. 53, pl. 3, figs. 2, 3, (1874). Occurs upon the domestic dog. It is said by Osborn to be of rather common occurrence, but we have not met with it. Trichodectes subrostratus Nitzsch. Trichodectes subrostratus Nitzsch, in Giebel, Ins. Epiz., p. 55, pl. 3, fig. 5, (1874). This is a well known parasite of the domestic cat, and is apparently normal to wildcats also. It has been recorded by Paine from a wildcat, Lynx californicus (San Gregorio, Calif.), and we have specimens taken from the same host at Gualala, Mendocino county, Calif. Trichodectes sphaerocephalus Nitzsch. Trichodectes sphaerocephalus Nitzsch, in Giebel, Ins. Epiz., p. 60, (1874). Reported by Osborn as common upon sheep at Ames, lowa. We have not yet met with it. Trichodectes tibialis Piaget. Trichodectes tibialis Piaget, Les Pediculines, p. 299, pl. 32, fig. 6, (1880). Osborn referred to this species, specimens taken from “black-tailed deer,’ and we have specimens from Odocoileus columbianus (Covelo and Gualala, Calif.). It is rather doubtful that this is the same as the Euro- pean species. Trichodectes parallelus Osborn. Trichodectes parallelus Osborn, Bul. 5, 0. s. U. S. Dept. Agr., Div. Ent., pp. 240-241,. fig. 148, (1891). Described by Osborn from specimens from deer, probably Cariacus DESCRIPTIONS AND DETERMINATIONS OF SPECIES 59 virginianus. We have specimens from “red deer,’ (Michigan). It may easily be distinguished from T. tibialis by the abdomen, which is slender and much narrower than the head. Trichodectes (Eutrichophilus) mazama Stobbe. Eutrichophilus mexicanus Mjoberg, Arkiv. for Zoologi, vol. 6, pp. 79-82, (1910). Specific name preoccupied. Eutrichophilus mazama Stobbe, Deut. Ent. Zeit., p. 562, (1913). Described from specimens in the Hamburg Zool. Mus. taken from Cervus mexicana (Mexico). It apparently differs from the two preced- ing species chiefly in the very large first antennal segment of the male. Trichodectes (Eutrichophilus) setosus Giebel. Trichodectes setosus Giebel, Ins. Epiz., p. 56, (1874). Eutrichophilus setosus Mjoberg, Arkiv. for Zoologi, vol. 6, p. 73, (1910). This species is apparently common to the porcupines of both Europe and America. Osborn has recorded it from FErethizon dorsatum (Ne- braska), and we have specimens from Erethizon epixanthum (California and Alaska). Myjoberg has described three species, T. (Eutr.) minor, T. (Eutr.) cordiceps, and T. (Eutr.) cercolabes, all from Coéndu (Cercola- bes) prehensilis, a South American porcupine. It is indeed most extraor- dinary to find three closely related species of Mallophaga upon the same host, and Neumann is of the opinion that they are merely forms of 7. se- tosus. Stobbe, however, has examined Mjoberg’s material, and in addi- tion to agreeing with Myjoberg has added still a fourth species from another host of the same genus. In addition to these there is still a fifth species, 7. mexicanus Rudow from Coéndu novae-hispaniae, making five species described from the same host genus and six from this one small family. It is all rather bewildering. Trichodectes mexicanus Rudow. Trichodectes mexicanus Rudow, Zeit. f. ges. Naturw., vol. 27, pl. 6, fig. 2, (1876). From Coéndu (Cercolabes) mexicanus, a Mexican porcupine. Trichodectes (Eutrichophilus) coéndu Stobbe. Eutrichophilus coéndu Stobbe, Ent. Zeit., pp. 566-567, (1913). From Coéndu novae-hispaniae, a Mexican porcupine. 60 NORTH AMERICAN MALLOPHAGA Trichodectes geomydis Osborn. Plate VIII, figs. 1, 3 and 6. Trichodectes geomydis Osborn, Bul. 7, n. s. U. S. Dept. Agr., Div. Ent., p. 54, fig. 42, (1896). Trichodectes californicus Chapman, Ent. News, vol. 8, pp. 186-187, pl. 9, (1897). Trichodectes californicus Paine, Ent. News, vol. 23, p. 440, pl. 20, fig. 2, (1912). | Specimens from Thomomys bottae laticeps (California) and Tho- momys sp. (S. Yolla Bolly Mt., Tehama county, California). The species has previously been recorded from Thomomys species in California, Geo- mys bursarius from lowa, and a Central American Geomyid, Macrotomys heterodus, from Costa Rica. It has been stated that the species is closely related to T. mephitidis Osborn; yet the two are really quite different, the projection on the posterior margin of the first antennal segment of the male and the stout antennae of the female, distinguishing T. geomydis at once; and any revision of the genus would probably place these two species in separate subgenera, at least. The examination of the types of Trichodectes californicus Chapman has convinced us that this species cannot be considered as distinct from T. geomydis, T. californicus has been reported from Perognathus sp. (Baja California) and Dipodomys merriami ( Arizona). Trichodectes castoris Osborn. Trichodectes castoris Osborn, Bul. 5, n. s. U. S. Dept. Agr., Div. Ent., p. 241, fig. 149, (1896). From beaver, Castor castoris. We have not seen this species. Os- born states that it is very similar to both 7. geomydis and T. mephitidis, but that “‘the shallowness of the frontal hollow distinguishes it easily from geomydis, and the form of the head and greater length of the antennae from mephitidis.” Trichodectes mephitidis Osborn. Blate Vii nosy 2 545: Trichodectes mephitidis Osborn, Bul. n. s. U. S. Dept. Agr., Div. Ent., p. 242, fig. 150, (1896). Trichodectes minutus Paine, Ent. News, vol. 23, pp. 439-440, pl. 20, fig. 4, (1912). Numerous specimens from Mephitis occidentalis (San Hedrin Mt. and Palo Alto, Calif.), Spilogale phenax (Marin county, Calif.), Mephitis DESCRIPTIONS AND DETERMINATIONS OF SPECIES 61 macrura (Arizona), and Putorius xanthogenes (Point Arena, Calif.). This species was originally described from specimens taken from Mephi- tis mephitica (Nebraska) and Spilogale interrupta (Iowa). It has also been recorded from a South American skunk (Choro, Bolivia), this rec- ord, however, being erroneous; and also from a Bornean mustelid, Haltc- _ tis everetti, this record, too, probably being erroneous. Quite recently Paine has described a species, T. minutus, from a weasel, Putorius noveboracenis, which we are inclined to regard as a synonym of T. mephitidis. We do not have specimens of 7. minutus, but we do have numerous specimens from weasels which are undoubtedly 7. mephitidis, and also agree very well with the description of T. minutus. There are indeed some differences between the specimens from the differ- ent hosts, but not sufficient to warrant regarding them as representing distinct species. Trichodectes crassus Nitzsch. Plate VII, fig. 4. Trichodectes crassus Nitzsch, in Giebel, Ins. Epiz., p. 54, (1874). This species has been recorded from the Old World badger, and Os- born has recorded it with some doubt from an American raccoon, Pro- cyon psora. A German record also attributes T. crassus to a raccoon (in some zoological garden) ; but since the raccoons harbor another very dis- tinct species, 7. octomaculatus Paine, we are much inclined to doubt these records. Our figure is from specimens which we have received from Europe, and is inserted for the sake of comparison with the other species from Mustelids. Trichodectes interrupto-fasciatus n. sp. Plate Ville fies: 0))2 and! 2. Trichodectes mephitidis (in part) Kellogg, Amer. Nat., vol. 48, p. 269, (1914). Several males and females from a badger, Taxidea taxus, (South Yolla Bolly Mt., Tehama county, Calif.), and also several males and fe- males from a skunk, (Choro, Bolivia, South America). The latter speci- mens have been previously recorded as T. mephitidis Osborn. This species is one of a fairly well defined carnivore-infesting group which includes T. Jatus, from the domestic dog, T. vulpis, from European foxes, T. crassus, from the European badger, and T. mephitidis, from 62 NORTH AMERICAN MALLOPHAGA skunks. It differs markedly from T. crassus in the much more rounded temples of the male, and apparently is closest to T. mephitidis. It differs trom the latter chiefly in being much larger, in having the anterior mar- gin of the head much less rounded, and in the character of the genitalia of the male. While it is rather peculiar to find the same species upon a North American badger and a South American skunk, the specimens from the two hosts agree in practically every detail. , DESCRIPTION OF THE FEMALE.—Total length 1.57 mm., length of head, .425 mm., length of prothorax .11 mm., length of metathorax .o9 mm., length of abdomen .95 mm., width of head across temple .675 mm., width of prothorax .425 mm., width of metathorax .535 mm., width of abdomen .g mm. Head slightly wider than long and with the anterior margin but slightly rounded, with a very shallow median notch, and produced into prominent, trabecula-like process in front of each antenna. Antennal si- nuses rather small and shallow. Ocular projections prominent, extending well beyond the temples, which are rounded and meet the occipital mar- gin with a slight angle. Occipital margin nearly straight, slightly emar- ginate at the points where it is met by the occipital bands. Antennal bands broad and very dark, separated from each other at the front of the head by a very small clear space, and interrupted across the base of the antennae, not reaching the ocular blotch. Occipital bands very short, connected at their bases by a broad band. Anterior margin and temples with several short hairs, the posterior margin with one long hair near the temporal angle. Antennae rather small, not reaching the posterior mar- gin of the head. First and third segments of nearly the same EL the second segment a little shorter. Prothorax very short and broad, and with the posterior margin slightly convex. A single short spine at each posterior lateral angle, and one on each side of the meson on the posterior margin. Mesothorax a trifle shorter than the prothorax and somewhat broader, the lateral mar- gins curved and converging slightly, the posterior margin slightly con- vex except for a slight median emargination. Lateral margin with three or four short spines, posterior margin with a median group of eight spines. Legs normal. Abdomen elliptical in shape, only a little longer than wide, and with a narrow, hyaline band along the lateral margin. First segment with a median group of eight or nine spines. Second to fourth segments each with transverse row of spines divided into three distinct groups, the me- | dian group consisting of eight to twelve spines, and each lateral group of DESCRIPTIONS AND DETERMINATIONS OF SPECIES 63 six to eight spines. Fifth to seventh segments each with a continuous transverse row of about thirty spines. Eighth segment with a median group of four spines and a single spine near each posterior-lateral angle. Ninth segment with several short spines along the lateral margins; the succeeding segments, except the ninth, each with a pair of spines near the middle of the lateral margin of the segment, these spines on the sev- enth and eighth segments being longer than on the others. DESCRIPTION OF THE Mare.—Total length 1.55 mm., length of head .375 mm., length of prothorax .15 mm., length of metathorax .075 mm., length of abdomen .95 mm., width of head across temples .5 mm., width of prothorax .35 mm., width of metathorax .4 mm., width of abdomen 75 mim: Head with the anterior margin nearly straight, with no median notch, and produced into trabecula-like processes in front of the antennae. Antennal sinuses deep and sharply angular. Ocular projections small, not extending beyond the extreme margin of the temples, which are smoothly rounded and meet the occipital margin without an angle. Oc- cipital margin nearly straight, slightly emarginate where it is met by the occipital bands. Antennal bands narrow, widening somewhat at the front of the head, where they are separated from each other only by a very small clear area, and interrupted across the base of the antennae, not reaching the ocular blotch. Occipital bands short, united at their bases by a narrow band. Several short hairs on the anterior margin and tem- ples, and one rather long hair on each side of the occipital margin. Antennae large and backward-pointing, reaching somewhat beyond the occipital margin of the head; the first joint large and as long or per- haps a trifle longer than the second and third combined. Third joint a little longer than the second, both being slightly curved. First joint with a row of four short spines on the dorsal side, second and third joints with several rather long hairs, the third with two short teeth on the inner mar- gin at the distal end. Thorax about one and one-fourth times as wide as long. Prothorax trapezoidal in shape, widest across the posterior margin, which is nearly straight, and with a short spine at each posterior margin. Metathorax about half as long as the prothorax and a trifle wider, the lateral margins curved, converging slightly, and bearing several short spines, the pos- terior margin nearly straight but with a slight median emargination and with a median group of six spines. Legs normal. Abdomen oval, widest across the anterior margin of the fourth seg- ment and with a narrow hyaline band at the margins. First segment with 64 | NORTH AMERICAN MALLOPHAGA — a median group of six spines on the posterior margin. Second to seventh segments each with a transverse row of spines divided into three distinct groups, the median group containing from six to eight spines and each lateral group five to seven spines. Eighth segment with a continuous transverse row of ten or twelve spines. Ninth segment with numerous short spines at the tip. First and second segments with several short spines along the lateral margins, the second to eighth segments each with a pair of spines near the middle of the lateral margin, those on the sev- enth and eighth segments being longer than the others. On the ventral side the spines in the transverse rows are more numerous, there being from twelve to fourteen in the median groups. Genitalia conspicuous, the basal plate consisting of two chitinous bars which are widened and thickened at their posterior ends. Penis long and stout, the arms not diverging widely and being but slightly longer than the shaft. Beneath the penis a short, cuneiform, backward-pointing plate, with the posterior end deeply bifid. Trichodectes retusus Nitzsch. Trichodectes retusus Nitzsch, in Giebel, Ins. Epiz., p. 55, pl. 3, fig. 4, (1874). Reported by Osborn from a weasel (Ames, Iowa). It was originally described from an Old World weasel. Trichodectes octomaculatus Paine. Trichodectes octomaculatus Paine, Ent. News, vol. 32, pp. 438-4390, pl. 20, fig. 1, (1912). Trichodectes procyonis Neumann, Arch. de Parasit., vol. 15, pp. 624-626, fig. 14, (1913). | This species was described from a raccoon, Procyon psora (Stanford University, Calif.), and we have since met with it on the same host. We have not seen specimens of Neumann’s T. procyonis, but the comparison of our specimens with his description and figure has convinced us that. T. procyonts is identical with 7. octomaculatus. Neumann’s specimens were from Procyon lotor (British Columbia). Trichodectes quadraticeps Chapman. Trichodectes quadraticeps Chapman, Ent. News, vol. 8, p. 185, fig., (1887). Specimens from Urocyon cinereo-argenteus sequoiensis (Freestone, Sonoma county, Calif.). Originally described from specimens taken from the same host. DESCRIPTIONS AND DETERMINATIONS OF SPECIES 65 Trichodectes pallidus Piaget. Trichodectes pallidus Piaget, Les Pediculines, p. 405, pl. 32, fig. 9, (1880). From Nasua narica (Zool. Garden, Rotterdam). The host is a na- tive of Mexico and Central America. Trichodectes nasuatis Osborn. Trichodectes nasuatis Osborn, Ohio Natur., vol. 2, p. 178, pl. 1, fig. 3, (1902). From Nasua narica (Central America). It is extremely likely that this is the same as 7. pallidus Piaget. Trichodectes painei Kell. & Nak. Trichodectes painei Kellogg & Nakayama, Psyche, vol. 21, pp. 90-92, fig. I, (1914). From unknown host (Baja California). It is easily recognizable by the extremely long claws and the emarginate posterior margin of the sec- ond abdominal tergite of the male. Trichodectes thoracicus Osborn. Trichodectes thoracicus Osborn, Ohio Natur., vol. 2, p. 178, pl. 2, fig. 4, (1902). From Bassariscus astuta (California). Genus GYROPUS Nitzsch. Gyropus Nitzsch, Germar’s Mag., vol. 3, p. 302, (1818). Antennae concealed beneath the head, four-segmented, the fourth segment very large; temples produced into angulated processes, mouth- parts on the frontal margin of the head. Tarsi with one claw, which is well developed. Occuring exclusively upon mammals. The members of this genus occur upon animals all of which are na- tive to South America, although one of its hosts, the common guinea-pig, is now found in all parts of the world. Gyropus ovalis Nitzsch. Gyropus ovalis Nitzsch, Germar’s Mag., vol. 3, p. 304, (1818). Common upon the ordinary guinea-pig. 66 NORTH AMERICAN MALLOPHAGA Genus GLIRICOLA Mjoberg. Gliricola Mjoberg, Arkiv. for Zoologi, vol. 13, p. 18, (1910). Very close to Gyropus, differing chiefiy from that genus in having the claws very much reduced in size. Gliricola porcelli (Schrank). Pediculus porcelli Schrank, Enumeratio insectorum, Austriae indigenorum, p. 500, pl. 45) fig. 1, (1781). Gyropus gracilis Nitzsch, Germar’s Mag., vol. 3, p. 304, (1818). Ghricola gracihs Mjoberg, Arkiv. for Zoologi, vol. 6, p. 20, (1910). Gyropus porcell1 Neumann, Bul. Zool. Soc. de France, vol. 37, pp. a -216, figs. I and 2. .(1O12)). Gyropus bicaudatus Paine, Ent. News, vol. 23, p. 441, pl. 20, figs. 3 and 3c, (1912). Gliricola porcelli Stobbe, Deut. Ent. Zeit., p. 117, (1914). Extremely common upon the ordinary guinea-pig. Genus TRIMENOPON Cummings. Trimenopon Cummings, Bul. Ent. Res., vol. 4, pp. 39-40, (1913). Antennae five-jointed, concealed in fossae beneath the head. Tarsi with two claws. Pronotum with well developed lateral wings. Head and thorax together nearly as long as the abdomen. Trimenopon jenningsi (Kellogg & Paine). Menopon jenningsi Kellogg & Paine, Ent. News, vol. 21, pp. 461-462, fig. 1, (1910). Trimenopon echinoderma Cummings, Bul. Ent. Res., vol. 4, fig. 4, (1913). Trimenopon jenningsi Stobbe, Deut. Ent. Zeit., p. 177, (1914). Originally described from a tame guinea-pig, Cavia cobaya (Panama Canal Zone), and later recorded from wild guinea-pigs from South America. Genus HETERODOXUS Le Souef & Bullen. Hetcrodoxus Le Souef & Bullen, Victorian Nat., vol. 18, p. 159, (1902). Heterodoxus Paine, Ent. News, vol. 23, pp. 360-361, (1912). Antennae four-segmented, concealed beneath the head. Head con- ical, broader than long, front rounded, sides straight, ocular emargina- tions lacking. Thorax well developed, the mesothorax present but quite small. Tarsi with two claws. | DESCRIPTIONS AND DETERMINATIONS OF SPECIES 67 Heterodoxus longitarsus (Piaget). Menopon longitarsus Piaget, Les Pediculines, p. 504, pl. 41, fig. 7, (1880). Heterodoxus macropus Le Souef & Bullen, Victorian Nat., vol. 18, p. 159, (1902). Menopon spiniger Enderlein, Anopluren u. Mallophagen, Schultz, Forschungsreise in Stidafrika; Jenais. Denkschr., vol. 14, pp. 80-81, (1909). Heterodoxus longitarsus Neumann, Arch. de Parisitologie, vol. 15, p. 634, (1913). This species was originally described from a species of kangaroo, and there are several other records of its occurrence upon kangaroos. Yet it has also been recorded from the domestic dog, once from Africa, once from Formosa and once from California. However, it is extremely probable that kangaroos are its normal hosts and the other records are due to straggling from kangaroos in museums and zoological gardens, for it certainly is not of common occurrence upon dogs. Note.—While this paper is passing through the press we have received nu- merous specimens of H. longitarsus taken from a dog at San Francisco, Calif. 68 . NORTH AMERICAN ANOPLURA AND MALLOPHAGA Veh MAMMALIAN HOST LIST OF NORTH AMERICAN ANO- PLURA AND MALLOPHAGA The orders and families are arranged as in Beddard’s “Mammalia,” 1902. The synonomy of the hosts has been worked out from the “List of North American Land Mammals in the United States National Mu- seum,” IQII. Order UNGULATA. Family EQUIDAE Equus caballus (Horse). *(A) Haematopimus asini (Linné). *(M) Trichodectes parumpilosus Piaget. Equus asinus (Donkey). (A) Haematopinus asini (Linné). Family SUIDAE Sus scrofa domestica (Domestic Pig). (A) Haematopinus suis L. Family CERVIDAE Cervus mexicanus (Southern Mexico). (M) Trichodectes (Eutrichophilus) mazama Stobbe (Zool. Gard. Hamb.). | Cariacus virginianus (Virginia Deer). (M) Trichodectes parallelus Osborn. “Cearrus-Hirsch.”’ (A) Linognathus breviceps Piaget (?) (Guatemala). Red Deer. (M) Trichodectes parallelus Osborn (Michigan). Black-tailed Deer (Northern and Western U. S.). (M) Trichodectes tibiahs Piaget. Odocoileus columbianus. Trichodectes tibialis Piaget (California). Odocoileus hemionus (Western United States). (M) Trichodectes tibiahs Piaget (Zool. Gard. Berlin). *(A) indicates an Anopluran species, (M) a Mallophagan one. MAMMALIAN HOST LIST Family BOVIDAE. Bos taurus (Domestic Cow). (A) Haematopinus eurysternus Nitzsch. (A) Linognathus vitulr (Linné). (M) Trichodectes scalaris Nitzsch. Bos americanus (Bison). (A) Haematopinus tuberculatus (Burmeister). Ovis aries (Domestic Sheep). (A) Linognathus pedalis (Osborn). Capra hircus (Domestic Goat). (A) Linognathus stenopsis (Burm.). (M) Trichodectes climax Nitzsch. Angora Goat. (M) Trichodectes climax Nitzsch. (M) Trichodectes hermsi Kellogg & Nakayama (California). Order CARNIVORA Family FELIDAE Felis domestica (Domestic Cat). (M) Trichodectes subrostratus Nitzsch (California). Lynx californicus (Wild Cat). (M) Trichodectes subrostratus (California). Family CANIDAE. Canis familiaris (Domestic Dog). (A) Linognathus piliferus (Burm.). (M) Trichodectes latus Nitzsch. (M) Heterodoxus longitarsus (Piaget). Urocyon cinereoargenteus sequoiensis (Fox). (M) Trichodectes quadraticeps Chapman (California). Urocyon cinereoargenteus. (M) Trichodectes quadraticeps Chapman (California). Procyon lotor (Raccoon). (M) Trichodectes crassus Nitzsch. (M) Trichodectes octomaculatus Paine (British Columbia). Procyon psora (Western Raccoon). (M) Trichodectes octomaculatus Paine (California). 7O . NORTH AMERICAN ANOPLURA AND MALLOPHAGA Bassariscus astuta (Ring-tailed Cat). (M) Trichodectes mephitidis Osborn (California). (M) Trichodectes thoracicus Osborn (California; Berlin Museum). Nasua narica (Coati). (M) Trichodectes nasuatis Osborn (Costa Rica). (M) Trichodectes pallidus Piaget. Family MUSTELIDAE. Taxidea taxus (Badger). (M) Trichodectes imterrupto-fasciatus Kellogg & Ferris (Cali- fornia). Putorius ermineus (Ermine). (M) Trichodectes retusus Nitzsch. Putorius noveboracensis. (M) Trichodectes mephitidis Osborn (Illinois). Putorws xanthogenes mundis. (M) Trichodectes mephitidis Osborn (California). Putorius vison. (M) Lipeurus dissimilis Piaget (North Carolina). (Probably straggler from bird prey. ) Mephitis mephitica (Skunk). (M) Trichodectes mephitidis Osborn (Nebraska). (M) Goniodes mephitidis Packard. (Probably a straggler from bird prey.) Mephitis occidentalhs. (M) Trichodectes mephitidis Osborn (California). (A) Neohaematopinus pacificus Kellogg & Ferris. (Probably straggler from chipmunk prey.) Mephitis macrura. : (M) Trichodectes mephitidis Osborn (S. W. United States and Mexico). Spilogale interrupta (Spotted Skunk). (M) Trichodectes mephitidis Osborn (Iowa). Spilogale phenax. (M) Trichodectes mephitidis Osborn (California). Weasel. | (M) Trichodectes retusus Nitzsch (Iowa). Mink. (M) Trichodectes retusus Nitzsch. MAMMALIAN HOST LIST 71 Family TRICHECHIDAE. Trichechus rosmarus. (A) Antarctophthirus trichecht (Boh.) (Davis Straits, Frobisher Bay). Pacific Walrus. (A) Antarctophthirus trichechi (Boh.) (Northeast of Siberia). Family) PHOCIDAE: Phoca groenlandica. (A) Echinophthirus groenlandicus Becker (Greenland). (A) Echinophihirus phocae Lucas. Phoca vitulina. (A) Echinophthirus phocae Lucas. Harbor Seal. | (A) Echinophthirus setosus (= phocae) Lucas (Aquarium, N. Y.). Seal. (A) Antarctophthirus monachus Kellogg & Ferris. Order RODENTIA. Family SCLURIDAE. Scirus cinereus. (A) Linognathoides montanus (Osborn) (Colorado). Sciurus cinereus var. ludovicianus. (A) Neohaematopmus antennatus (Osborn) (lowa). Sciurus douglasi (Douglas Squirrel). (A) Neohaematopinus antennatus (Osborn) (California). (A) Hoplopleura arboricola Kellogg & Ferris (California). Scwurus griseus. (A) Neohaematopinus antennatus (Osborn) (California). Hoplopleura arboricola Kellogg & Ferris (California). Sciurus fossor nigripes. (A) Neohaematopinus antennatus (Osborn) (California). Western Gray Squirrel. (A) Enderleimellus longiceps Kellogg & Ferris (Nebraska). (A) Neohaematopinus antennatus (Osborn) (Nebraska). Spermophilus columbianus = Citellus columbianus. (A) Linognathoides montanus (Osborn) (Washington). Citellus beecheyi douglasi. (A) Linognathoides montanus (Osborn) (California). (A) Enderleimellus osborn Kellogg & Ferris (California). 72 ‘ NORTH AMERICAN ANOPLURA AND MALLOPHAGA Spermophilus franklin = Citellus franklin. (A) Enderleinellus suturalis (Osborn) (lowa). Spermophilus tridecemlineatus = Citellus tridecemlineatus. (A) Enderleinellus suturalis (Osborn) (lowa). Callospermophilus chrysodeirus trinitatus. (A) Enderleinellus suturalis var. occidentalis Kellogg & Ferris (California). | Rock Squitrel.” (A) Linognathoides montanus (Osborn) (Colorado). Citellus barrowensis (?) (A) Linognathoides montanus (Osborn) (Pt. Barrow, Alaska). Spermophilus sp. = Citellus mexicanus (?). (A) Linognathoides montanus (Osborn) (Guanajuato, Mexico). Arctomys sp. (Marmot). (A) Linognathoides montanus (Osborn) (Oregon). Tamas striatus. (A) Hoplopleura (?) erratica (Osborn) (Iowa). Sciuropterus volucella (Flying Squirrel). (A) Neohaematopinus sciuroptert (Osborn) (lowa). (A) Hoplopleura trispinosa Kellogg & Ferris (Maryland). Sciuropterus sp. (A) Neohaematopinus sciuroptert (Osborn) (Caligoene) (A) Hoplopleura trispinosa Kellogg & Ferris (California). Eutamias hindsi (Chipmunk). (A) Hoplopleura arboricola Kellogg & Ferris (California). (A) Neohaematopinus pacificus Kellogg & Ferris (California). Futamias townsendi ocrogenys. (A) Hoplopleura arboricola Kellogg & Ferris (California). (A) Neohaematopinus pacificus Kellogg & Ferris (California). Family MURIDAE. Epimys norvegicus (Domestic Rat). (A) Polyplax spinulosa (Burm.) (California). Microtus californicus (Meadow Mouse). (A) Polyplax spinulosa (Burm.) (California). (A) Hoplopleura acanthopus var. americanus (California). Microtus mordax. (A) Polyplax spinulosa (Burm.) (California; Iowa). Arvicola sp. == Microtus sp. (A) Hoplopleura acanthopus var. americanus (lowa). MAMMALIAN -HOST LIST 73 Arvicola sp. == Microtus sp. (A) Hoplopleura (?) erratica (Osborn). Phenacomys sp. (A) Polyplax spinulosa (Burm.) (California). Hesperomys leucopus = Peromyscus leucopus. (A) Hoplopleura hesperomydis (Osborn) (lowa). Peromyscus maniculatus rubidus (California). (A) Polyplax auricularis Kellogg & Ferris. (A) Hoplopleura hesperomydis (Osborn) (California). Peromyscus sitchensis prevostensis (Alaska). (A) Polyplax auricularis Kellogg & Ferris. Neotoma cinerea occidentalis (Wood Rat). (A) Linognathoides nornatus Kellogg & Ferris (California). Family CASTORIDAE. Castor castoris (Beaver). (M) Trichodectes castoris (Osborn). Family GEOMYIDAE. Geomys bursarius (Pocket Gopher). (A) Haematopinoides squamosus Osborn (Iowa). (M) Trichodectes geomydis Osborn (Iowa). Thomomys bottae (Pocket Gopher). (M) Trichodectes geomydis Osborn (California). Thomomys sp. (M) Trichodectes geomydis Osborn (California). Family HETEROMYIDAE. Perognathus sp. (Spiny Haired Pocket Mouse). (M) Trichodectes geomydis Osborn (Baja California). _ Dipodomys merriami (Pocket Rat). (M) Trichodectes geomydis Osborn (Arizona). Dipodomys californicus. (A) Fahrenholzia pinnata Kellegg & Ferris. Family CAVIIDAE. Cavia cobaya (Guinea-pig). (M) Ghricola gracilis (Nitzsch). (M) Gyropus ovalis Giebel. 74 ; NORTH AMERICAN ANOPLURA AND MALLOPHAGA Family CERCOLABIDAE. Cercolabes mextcanus. (M) Trichodectes mexicanus Rudow (Mexico). (M) Trichodectes coendu Stobbe (Zool. Mus. Berlin). Erethizon epixanthum (Porcupine). \ (M) Trichodectes setosus Giebel (California). Erethizon dorsatum, (M) Trichodectes setosus Giebel (Nebraska). Family LEPORIDAE. Lepus campestris (Prairie Hare). (A) Haemodipsus ventricosus (Denny). Lepus californicus. (A) Haemodipsus ventricosus (Denny). Order INSECTIVORA. Family TALPIDAE. Scalops argentatus = Scalopus acquaticus (Mole). — (A) Euhaematopmus abnormis Osborn (lowa). Order PRIMATES. Family HOMINIDAE. Homo sapiens. (A) Pediculus corporis De Geer. (A) Pediculus capitis De Geer. (A) Phthirus pubis Linné. From HOST UNKNOWN. (M) Trichodectes painei Kellogg & Nakayama, Psyche, vol. 21, pp. O0-92,) 11g.) 1, (1914). ExXEEANATION OF PLATES. AND PLATES Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig. Yee Aa Nes Pears dt Male of Neohaematopinus sciuropteri (Osborn). Female of Neohaematopinus pacificus n. sp. Female of Hoplopleura hesperomydis (Osborn). Female of Polyplax auricularis n. sp. Female of Polyplax spinulosa (Burm.). Se eee Bart al (a : t : > RACE eel Female of Linognathoides inornatus n. sp. Female of Haemodipsus ventricosus (Denny). Female of Enderleinellus suturalis (Osborn) var. occidentalis n. var. Female of Haemodipsus parvus n. sp. Female of Enderleinellus longiceps n. sp. j : i aie Aare eae ‘| i HY iy | IDA Be H Pear shee Female of Antarctophthirus trichecht (Boh.). Female of Fahrenholzia pinnata n. sp. Female of Euhaematopinus abnormis Osborn. Female of Antarctophthirus monachus n. sp. PrAra ive Sternal plate of Hoplopleura hesperomydis (Osborn) from Peromyscus maniculatus rubidus. Sternal plate of Hoplopleura acanthopus var. occidentalis n. var. from Microtus califormcus. Sternal plate of Hoplopleura trispinosa n. sp. from Sciuropterus volucella. : : Sternal plate of Hoplopleura arboricola n. sp. from Eutamas townsendi ocrogen\s. Sternal plate of Haemodipsus ventricosus (Denny) from Lepus californicus. Sternal plate of Haemodipsus parvus n. sp. from Lagidium pe- ruant. Sternal plate of Linognathoides inornatus n..sp. from Neotoma cmerea occidentalis. Sternal plate of Polyplax auricularis n. sp. from Peromyscus maniculatus rubidus. Sternal plate of Enderleinellus suturalis (Osborn) from Citellus franklini. Sternal plate of Enderleinellus suturalis var. occidentalis n. sp. from Callospermophilus chrysodeirus trinitatus. Sternal plate of Enderleinellus osborni n. sp. from Citellus beecheyi douglasi. Sternal plate of Enderleinellus longiceps n. sp. from Western gray squirrel. | IN Ry Sa: BAOy gs. 7a and 7b. Antennae of male and female of Neohaematopinus pa- oh a0) lO: AGN Sternal plate of Linognathoides montanus (Osborn) from C1- tellus beecheyi douglasi. Sternal plate of Neohaematopinus sciuropterus (Osborn). Sternal plate of Neohaematofiius pacificus n. sp. from Euta- mias townsendi ocrogenys. Sternal plate of Euhaematopinus abnormis Osborn. ~ Sternal plate of Fahrenholzia pinnata n. sp. Claw of posterior leg of Fahrenholzia pinnata n. sp. cificus n. sp. from Eutamias townsendi ocrogenys. Claw of posterior leg of Hoplopleura acanthopus var. occiden- Lalis) a. Sp: Antennae of Euhaematopinus abnormis Osborn. Antenna of male of Neohaematopinus antennatus (Osborn). Ita and 11b. Antennae of male and female of Polyplax spinulosa 5 12 je das seats : 16. cl. (Burm.). Antenna of female of Haemodipsus ventricosus (Denny). Antenna of male of Neohaematopinus sciuropteri (Osborn). Antenna of female of Hoplopleura hesperomydis (Osborn). Antenna of male of Linognathoides inornatus n. sp. Antenna of male of Fahrenholzia pinnata n. sp. Antenna of female of Enderleinellus osborni n. sp. Ce ON ea 5 be) 2 ©), Jie aias WAL, Genitalia of male of Hoplopleura acanthopus, var. americanus fl. )Sps et Genitalia of male of Enderleimellus longiceps n. sp. Genitalia of male of Linognathoides inornatus n. sp. Genitalia of male of Linognathoides montanus (Osborn). Genitalia of male of Neohaematopinus antennatus (Osborn). Genitalia of male of Enderleinellus osborni n. sp. Genitalia of male of Polyplax spinulosa (Burm.). Genitalia of male of Hoplopleura arboricola 'n. sp. from Euta- mias townsendi ocrogenys. Genitalia of male of Antarctophthirus monachus n. sp. Genitalia of male of Fahrenholzia pinnata n. sp. Pine WOUb. Head of male of Trichodectes interrupto-fasciatus n. sp., from Taxridea taxus. Genitalia of male of Trichodectes interrupto-fasciatus n. sp., from Taxidea tarus. Female of Trichodectes interrupto-fasciatus n. sp., from Ta#i- dea taxrus. | Head of male of Trichodectes crassus Nitzsch. erie WOU. Female of Trichodectes geomydis Osborn, from Thomomys bottae laticeps. Head of female of Trichodectes mephitidis Osborn, from Pu- torius xanthogenes. ; Head of male of Trichodectes geomydis Osborn, from Thomo- mys bottae laticeps. Genitalia of male of Trichodectes mephitidis Osborn, from Me- phitis macrura. Head of male of Trichodectes mephitidis Osborn, from Putor- - ius xanthogenes. Genitalia of male of Trichodectes geomydis Osborn, from Tho- momys bottae laticeps. é THE Birps OF THE s Tease Boers. Babe Whitney Martin, Associate 2 | ' Professor of Greek, 260 pp. 1914. Price, $1.00. : i Acctieration IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE FOSSIL CEPHALOPODA. ‘James Perrin Smith, Professor of oe 30 PP.» I 5 plates. ak Tora! Price, 75: , rah MorPHoLocicaL STUDY OF SOME MEMBERS OF THE GENUS PALLAVI- ~ emntA. Douglas Houghton Campbell, Professor of Botany, and Florence Williams. 44 pp., 23 text figures. 1914. Price, 50c; a EVOLUTION OF BRAZIL COMPARED WITH THAT OF SPANISH AND ANGLo-SAxon America. Manuel de Oliveira Lima, Minister of Brazil to Belgium. 160 pp. 1914. Price, $1.00. ! | THE HemMoL_ympu NopEs oF THE SHEEP, Arthur William Meyer, Pro-_ fessor of Anatomy. 74 pp., I plate, 4 colored Cue 1914. Price, $1.00. _ Aw INTRODUCTION TO THE STUDY OF THE ENDOCRINE ee AND INTER- NAL SECRETIONS. (Lane Medical Lectures.) Sir Edward Schafer, Regius Professor of Physiology i in the. a of Edinburgh. 94 pp. 1914. Price, 75c. | THE PRONOUN OF ADDRESS IN ENGLISH LITERATURE OF THE THIRTEENTH CENTURY. Arthur Garfield Kennedy, Instructor in English Phil- ology. 91 pp. TOES: Price, $1.00. 3 THe ANOPLURA AND MALLOPHAGA oF NorTH AMERICAN MAMMALS. - Vernon Lyman Kellogg, Professor of Entomology, and Gordon _. Floyd Ferris. 74 pp., 18 text figures, 8 plates. 1915. Price, 75c. ie BA 4 } (pyeite ee as SLRS ae tie *) bi aes is is yee ue petoay EN, a PROCEEDINGS OF THE CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES FourTH SERIES Wows tl) No! 36; pp. 129-213. May 12, 1916 VI A CATALOGUE AND HOST LIST OF THE ANOPLURA BY G. F. Ferris Of Stanford University INTRODUCTION The Anoplura (sucking lice) have long been much neg- lected and much misunderstood, for as late as 1904 no critical, comparative study of the group had ever been made; and this in spite of the fact that the group had had a place in two monu- mental works upon parasitic insects, Insecta Epizoa of Giebel and Les ‘Pediculines of Piaget. With the exception of a few forms of such peculiar nature that they were almost of neces- sity given generic rank, the species were for the most part lumped under the genus Hematopinus and all were regarded as forming a single family, the Pediculide. In 1904, Ender- lein, in a series of “Lausestudien’ published in the Zoolog- ischer Anzeiger, broke up the all-inclusive genus Hematopinus into several genera and elevated this group, as well as certain other groups, to family rank. There has been some objection to this procedure, but on the whole it has been amply justified by time. The old classi- fication was based upon lack of knowledge and served only successfully to conceal a wealth of remarkably interesting bio- May 12, 1916 130 d CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Proc. 4TH Ser. logical facts that the newer classification has revealed and em- phasized. The remarkable degree to which these parasites are broken up into natural groups that are strictly confined to closely related groups of hosts, is now clearly evident, while previously it was barely hinted at. The problem of their dis- tribution is shown to be almost exclusively the problem of the genetic relationships of their hosts. | In 1908 there appeared, as a part of Wytsman’s Genera Insectorum, a catalogue, compiled by Dalla Torre, based upon the work of Enderlein. This catalogue has proved of immense value, but the knowledge of the Anoplura has increased so rapidly since its publication that the additions and corrections have now attained a bulk almost rivaling the original cata- logue, and it therefore seems well that a new catalogue should be issued. These changes and additions may briefly be summarized. Since 1909 nine valid genera have been added to the list and approximately 60 species have been described (the previous catalogue listed 65, the present one lists 120). The position of numerous species then in doubt has since been cleared up and many of the question marks have been removed, this being the case especially with the North American species described by Osborn, almost all of which were then in doubt but have since been cleared up. More significant, perhaps, than the de- scription of new genera and species is the improved standard of work that has been established. The magnificent “Mono- graphie der Robbenlatise”’ of Enderlein, in the report of the “Deutsche Siidpolar Expedition,’ and the careful and critical work of Fahrenholz, Cummings, and Neumann, form a splen- did contrast to the superficial and often inaccurate work that formerly prevailed. The synonymy of many of the hosts and some of the para- site species is still badly tangled. The hosts have frequently been referred to only by their vernacular names and when the scientific names have been used they have sometimes been in- accurate, added to which the instability of mammal nomen- clature has not been conducive to clearness. ‘The synonymy of the North American mammals has in part been worked out from the “List of North American Land Mammals in the United States National Museum” (Miller, 1911), and, in ad- Vor. VI] FERRIS—ANOPLURA 131 dition, the authorities of the Museum of Vertebrate Zoology of the University of California have been extremely kind in helping to clear up numerous matters. The synonymy of the European mammals has been worked out from the “Catalogue of the Mammals of Europe” (Miller, 1912). The synonymy of the Primates has been taken from Elliot's “A Review of the Primates” (1912), but it is very probably still far from cor- rect. The synonymy of other species, when not obtainable elsewhere, has been reduced to the basis of Trouessart’s “Cata- logus Mammalium”’ (1899), although it has been necessary to do this only in the case of some of the older species. The host names given in the list of Anoplura are as nearly as can be determined the correct ones. In the host list the names in parentheses are regarded as synonyms, the others are correct as far as available information permits. An attempt has been made to list all the host names that have at any time been used. SYSTEMATIC POSITION OF THE ANOPLURA Anoplura Leach, Edinburgh Encyclopedia (1817) ; Ender- lein, Zool. Anz., vol. 28, pp. 121-147 (1904); Mjoberg, Ark. muZ oo, vol. 6, pt: 13 (1910) >) Cummings, An. Mag. Nat. iist ser. S) vol) 15) pp. 250-259 (1915). Pediculine Burmeister, Handbuch d. Ent., vol. 2, p. 52 G@1S35))): ; Siphunculata Meinert, Videnskabelige Meddelelser (1896) ; Cholodkovsky, Zool. Anz., vol. 27, p. 527 (1904). Pseudorhyncota Cholodkovsky, Zool. Anz., vol. 27, p. 125 (903). Lipognatha Borner, Zool. Anz., vol. 27, p. 527 (1904). Ellipoptera Shipley, ibid., vol. 27, p. 261 (1904). The systematic position of the Anoplura has always been a matter of doubt and dispute. Because of their parasitic habits they were for a long time classed with the Mallophaga, but later under the influence of the “biting- or sucking-mouth- parts” fetish, the two groups were separated and the Anoplura were placed with the Hemiptera, of which they have for some time been regarded as a suborder most frequently known as Parasita. Their position here has quite generally been re- 132 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Proc. 4TH SER. garded as rather definitely fixed, but within the last few years evidence has been found which indicates that a readjustment is again desirable. -Handlirsch and Cholodkovsky have favored an ‘arrange- ment which restores the Anoplura and Mallophaga to a posi- tion very similar to that which they originally held in relation to each other, and other authors have brought forward evi- dence in support of this view. As a result of a comparative study of the two groups Mjoberg has concluded that they are really quite closely related, the Anoplura being merely a further adaptation to a parasitic life, and with this view Kellogg and Cummings are inclined to agree. Enderlein alone, of recent authors, has contended for retaining the Anoplura as a sub- order of Hemiptera. The evidence is too voluminous to be ‘reviewed here, but it indicates very strongly that the Ano- plura really have nothing to do with the Hemiptera and are related to the Mallophaga. It seems best to regard the Ano- plura as a distinct order and in the latest classification of the Insecta, that of Brues and Melander, this is done. However, the problem of their relationships is still an open question which can only be settled by much more careful comparative morphological studies. : The classification within the order itself is extremely sim- ple; too little is known about the group for the classification to be otherwise. Four families, all of which apparently form quite natural groups, are recognized. Of these, one, Hzma- tomyzidz, contains a single remarkable species (with a possi- ble variety ) which occurs upon elephants. Another small fam- ily, Echinophthiriidze, is limited in its occurrence to marine mammals, its peculiarities being ascribable to adaptation to the aquatic life of the hosts. The Pediculidz include the spe- cies found upon man, apes and monkeys, and the remainder of the species are contained in the family Hzematopinide. Nearly as many species have been described since 1908 as had been described previous to that time, but in spite of this activity the study of the group has hardly begun. ‘The host list, when compared with a list of the mammals of the world, is pitifully small, as is instanced by the fact that there are but four records of Anoplura from mammals of the South Ameri- Vor. VI] FERRIS—ANOPLURA 133 can region. It is certainly not unsafe to estimate that the number of known species is not more than one-fifth of those that actually exist. KEY To FAMILIES, SUBFAMILIES AND GENERA OF ANOPLURA. -1—Body thickly beset with more or less short, stout spines, or with spines and scales. Occurring exclusively on marine mammals. Family ECHINOPHTHIRIIDZ...... 2 Body with spines or hairs always in definite rows, never with scales. Occurring exclusively on land mam- Ney SN aa NL ANI RO DATS AER aa CU a 4 2—Thorax and abdomen bearing delicate scales. Antenne four- or five-segmented. Subfamily ANTARCTOPHTHI- RIGUNZOF ANAS URI aa CM Nit an cee Re ea a eta aD 3 Thorax and abdomen without scales. Antennz four- segmented. Subfamily ECHINOPHTHIRIIN2..Genus Echinophthirius 3—Antennz four-segmented......... Genus Lepidophthirus Antenne five-segemented........ Genus Antarctophthirus 4—_Head tubularly produced anteriorly; tibiz without a thumb-like process opposing the claw. Family H@Ma- TOMYZIDH. One genus, Hematomyzus, occuring on elephants. Head not so produced; tibiz with thumb-like proc- Eso OOMOstIe, ey Claw YL IRC Ns 5 5—FEyes lacking. Family H@MATOPINIDE............. 9 Eyes present, well pigmented. Occurring on man, apes andimonkeys. | Family: PEDICULID A An kant 6 6—Antennz distinctly five-segmented, abdomen without pleucaly plates: | Subtamily PEDICULEN A380 040/05. 6: 8 Antenne three-segmented or obscurely five-seg- mented, abdomen with pleural plates. Subfamily PEpr- CHONGR LE NAS EE RR CMA TU eC RAGE EN ae IR 7 7/—Legs all with slender, pointed claws, abdomen with tanec pains Of pleural plates: ci (oa. Genus Pedicinus Anterior legs with slenderer claw than the others, abdomen with two pairs of pleural plates............ TAOS eer Coe CUR AOU ACURA GLE nr Genus Phthirpedicinus 134 | CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES (Proc. 47 Ser. 8 Lessall otssame Sizes ey UG emt Genus Pediculus Anterior legs much smaller than others. ..Genus Phtlurus 0 Antennze five-segimented) iol. e eee al Antenne three-segmented. Subfamily Euw 4 MATOPI- NUN A CUNO C ee 10 10—Posterior legs with stalked, disk-shaped appendages on TEM AMG! LIDIA yee eda Genus Euhematopmus Posterior lees without such appendages............. A na Cee UMA BU al LAG al Genus emato pinoides 11—Legs and claws all practically ofequal Sizes ut ees Subfamily H@MATOPININE....... Genus Hematopmus Anterior legs smaller and with slenderer claw than the posterior pair, at least. Subfamily LINOGNATHINZ..12 12—Anterior tarsi with two joints...... Genus Hybophthirus Anterior tars! with but one forts 0) a0 ie 13 13—Anterior tarsi with a short, claw-like process in addi- fondo the claw se Ey a a UR Sane Genus Scipio Anterior tarsi NOLO! VE Ns Neen 14 14—Abdomen with well developed pleural plates.......... 18 Abdomen entirely without pleural plates....2.0. 2.00. 1s 15—Abdomen with more than one row of hairs or spines Onl each Seomment ys a ae Genus Linognathus Abdomen with but one row of hairs on each segment. .16 16—Gonapods moderately long, behind each gonapod a stout, flat, spine-like process...... Genus Cervophthirius Gonapods very short, no flat, spine-like process behind PSMA UM eet mal hh Genus Hemodipsus (in part) 18—Anterior pair of legs equal to middle pair, both pairs veny stall, posterior pair large and stout). 2.) aap ON INC KERO CASUALS UNG NH Bia Genus Enderlemellus Anterior legs smaller than either middle and poste- rior legs and with much smaller and more slender claw. 19 19—Second or third abdominal sternite with a chitinized plate or area near each lateral margin.Genus Fahrenholzia Second or third abdominal sternite without such PLATES 2 ee UU RS A ENE MS Se 20 20—Abdominal segments with but a single transverse row ONS PTE S eer cc RON COLERAINE). SGN at Abdominal segments, at least in part, with two or mote transverse TOWS OL SPINES C2) Ne ee Nae 22 Vor. VI] FERRIS—ANOPLURA 135 21—Occiput deeply sunk into the thorax, rostrum sur- rounded by denticles, pleural plates quite large........ RRS SKA SA EURCN 7 seme Ae AR RN Genus Eulinognathus Occiput not deeply sunk into the thorax, rostrum not surrounded by denticles, pleural plates minute.... LT Aah heli a ta Genus Hemodipsus (in part) 22—Abdominal tergites and sternites with not more than EVTOMMONV SCO MAINS | OlprSPIMeS ait ie wee ee 23 Abdominal tergites and sternites in part with three TOMS OF NAInS OL Spies essa). He Genus Hoplopleura 23—First antennal segment with a short, stout spine at the distal post axial angle or on the posterior margin..... 5 Ay ice ae Patent a Aa Genus Neohematopinus (in part) Binstyatbental, Seotient MOt) SOs a2. ees ack a 5) 24 24—Posterior margin of second abdominal tergite of male distinctly emarginate with a group of spines at each end of this emargination. ..Genus Neohematopinus (in part) Posterior margin of second abdominal tergite of male Mom thts) eManOiMate yf kia cu Mee ky re te 25 25—Abdomen with distinct, chitinized tergal and sternal MiatesMimibotin Sexes. oc eae kk yoke Genus Polyplax Abdomen without distinct, chitinized tergal and sternal plates in the female and with these absent or ex- tremely reduced in size in the male. .Genus Linognathoides Family Pediculide Leach, Zool. Misc., Vol. 3, p. 64. (1817) ; Giebel, Insecta Epi- zoa, p. 21 (1874); Piaget, Les Ped., pp. 615-618 (1880) ; Enderlein, Zool. Anz., Vol. 28, p. 136 (1904) ; Dalla Torre, Gen. Ins., Anopl., p. 8 (1908). Antenne five- or three- (obscurely five-) segmented. Eyes present, distinctly pigmented. Legs fitted for climbing, the tibiz with a thumb-like process opposing the claw. No pre- tarsal sclerite between tibia and tarsus. Parasitic upon man, apes, and monkeys. Subfamily Pediculine Paderlem, Zool) Anz Vol: 28, pp. 136, 138 (1904) + Dalla Torre, Gen. Ins., Anopl., p. 8 (1908). Antenne distinctly five-segmented. No pleural plates. 136 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Proc. 47H Ser. Genus Pediculus Linnzeus Linnzus, Systema Nature, ed. 10, p. 610 (1758); Denny, Mon. Anopl., pp. 12-13 (1842); Giebel, Ins. Epizoa, pp. 27-30 (1874) ; Piaget, Les Ped., pp. 619-623 (1880) ; En- derlein, Zool. Anz., Vol. 28, pp. 136, 138 (1904). Head short. Legs all of approximately the same size. Ab- domen elongated. Spiracles small. Abdominal segments without lateral projections, and with numerous small spines. Type of the genus P. capitis De Geer. 1—Pediculus mjobergi, new name. From Afeleus sp.? (traveling menagerie, Europe). 1910. Pediculus atinis (not of Burmeister), Mjoberg, Ark. f:\Zool., Vol. 6, pt. 13, pp, 1697 eae 2—Pediculus capitis De Geer. From man. Also recorded from Ateleus ater (locality unknown) and from Cebus fa- tuellus and Cebus sp. (Rio de Janeiro, S. America). | 1758. Pedicuius humanus Linneus, Syst. Nature, 10th’ ed:; p, 610: 1778. Peet. humanus var. I, Linnzeus, ibid., 12th eds) VioliZs po: 1OnG: WT: eee humanius var. capitis De ce Mem. Fist. ins Woli7 p07 spl 1 ta6: 1817. Pediculus cervicalis Leach, Zool. Misc., Vol. 3, | p. 66. 1818. Pedicuius capitis Nitzsch, Germar’s Mag., Vol. 3,0) o0at 1842. Pediculus capitis Denny, Mon. Anopl., pp. 13- Los pl 26nt.)2: 1874. Pedicus capitis Giebel, Ins. Epizoa, PP. 30-32 ; ple ty e2: 1880. Peete capitis Piaget, Les Ped., pp. 619- 623: pl SO tz, 1912. Pediculus capitis Fahrenholz, Jahresb. d. Nie- dersach./Zool. Ver., pp. 2-12 :t. £. 13/3, 7s f. 3-4. 3—Pediculus consobrinus Piaget. From Ateleus paniscus (Museum Leyden). 1880. Pediculus consobrinus Piaget, Les. Ped., pp. 626-628; pl. 51, f. 4. Vor. VI] FERRIS—ANOPLURA 37 1908. Pediculus consobrinus Dalla Torre, Gen. Ins. Anopl., p. 8. 1911. Pediculus consobrinus Neumann, Arch. de Par., Vol. 14, pp. 412-413. Note: ‘This species is very doubtfully distinct from Pediculus capitts. 4—Pediculus corporis De Geer. From man. 1758. Pediculus humanus Linneus, Syst. Nat., 10th ed: p:, O10) 1766. Pediculus humanus var. 2 Linnzus, ibid., 12th ed Vole Za FOG: 1778. Pediculus humanus var. corporis De Geer, Mein. nist inse Wole 7.4.07 5 ple let. 7/. 1818. Pediculus vestimenti Nitzsch, Germar’s Mag., Mol 3 pa S05: 1842. Pediculus vestimenti Denny, Mon. Anopl., pp. 1GELSe ple ZO. 1: 1874. Pediculus vestimentt Giebel, Ins. Epizoa, pp. 2/7303 pl. 1, tS: 1880. Pediculus vestimenti Piaget, Les. Ped., pp. 623- 625). ple 5, £253) 1908. Pediculus corporis Dalla Torre, Gen. Ins., Anopl., p. 8. 1911. Pediculus capitis var. vestments Neumann, Arch. de Par., Vol. 14, pp. 411-412. 1912. Pediculus corporis Fahrenholz, 2-3-4th Jahresb. daiNiedersach: Zool. Ver. ppez-l2)) 8, 2 > pli 3: f. 1-2. 5—Pediculus lobatus Fahrenholz. From Ateleus pan (Berlin Museum). peek 1913. Pediculus lobatus Fahrenholz (without descrip- tion), Zool. Anz., Vol. 41, p. 373. 6—Pediculus oblongus Fahrenholz. From Hylobates concolor and Hylobates syndactylus. 1913. Pediculus oblongus Fahrenholz Caithout de- scription): Zaol Anz. Vol. 41. py 373. 7—Pediculus schaffi Fahrenholz. From Pan sp.? 1910. Pediculus schaffi Fahrenholz, Zool. ee Vol. 35, p. 714. 138 | CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Pnoc. 41H Szr. Genus Phthirus Leach Phthirus Leach, Edinburgh Encycl., Vol. 9, p. 77 (1815) ; Zool. Misc., Vol. 3, p. 64 (1817) ; Enderlein, Zool. Anz., Vol. 28, pp. 136, 138 (1904); Dalla Vorre, Gen: Ins. Anoplaane (1908). | Phihirius Burmeister, Handbuch der Entomologie, Vol. 2, p. 1 (1835); Denny, Mon. Anopl., pp. 8-9 (1842); Giebel, {ns.’ Epizoa,, pp. 23-275 pl. 1, £..8 (1874) ;) Piaget; Wesaede pp. 628-630; pl. 51, f. 5 (1880). Anterior legs much smaller and with much slenderer claws than the others. Abdomen short and broad, the fifth to eighth segments with conical lateral processes. Spiracles large, those of the first three abdominal segments crowded close together. © 1—Phthirus pubis Linneus. From man. 1758. Pediculus pubis Linnzus, Syst. Nature, ed. 10, p. 611. 1817. Phthirus mguinalis Leach, Edinburgh Encycl., Vol ona 77. 1818. Pediculus tabescentium Alt. De Phthiriasi. 1842. Phthirius inguinalis Denny, Mon. Anopl., pp. OI plo ZO. i 13: 1874. Phthirius inguinalis Giebel, Ins. Epizoa, pp. 23- 27a linea wie: 1880. Phthirius inguinalis Piaget, Les Ped., pp. 628- 6305 pliolyii) a: : | 1904. Phthirus pubis Enderlein, Zool. Anz., Vol. 28, pit3o: 1908. Phthirus pubis Dalla Torre, Gen. Ins., Anopl., p. 9. Subfamily Pedicimine Enderlein, Zool. Anz., Vol. 28, pp. 136, 138 (1904) ; Dalla ‘Torre, Gen. Ins., Anopl., p. 9 (1908); Fahrenholz, Jahtesb: d-(Niedersach! Zool: Ver pp.)Z8-29 (1912), Antennz three-segmented or obscurely five-segmented. Head more or less elongated. Abdomen with a single row of many very small spines on each segment. Pleural plates pres- ent on certain abdominal segments. Vor. VI] FERRIS—ANOPLURA 139 Note: The synonymy of the species in this subfamily has been dealt with by Fahrenholz and, although it is still far from clear, his conclusions have been adopted here. Genus Pedicinus Gervais Gervais, Aptéres, Vol. 3, p. 301; pl. 48, f. 1 (1844) ; Giebel, Ins. Epizoa, pp. 32-33 (1874) ; Piaget, Les Ped., pp. 630-632 (S30); Walla Wore Gen. Ins.) Anopl;)p. 9 (1908)); Kahren- holz, 2-3-4th Jahresb. d. Niedersach. Zool. Ver., pp. 12-16 clot): All legs with slender, pointed claws of nearly the same size. Abdomen with three pairs of pleural plates. Type of the genus Pedicinus eurygaster Piaget. 1—Pedicinus breviceps Piaget. From Lasiopyga mona. Also from Cercopithecus, sp., and Pithecus albibarbatus. 1880. Pedicinus breviceps Piaget, Les Ped., pp. 632- Gosuple a2) tol 1910. Pedicinus breviceps Mjoberg, Ark. f. Zool., Vol. Gots 72: 1912. Pedicmus breviceps Fahrenholz, 2-3 - 4th Jahres. di Niedersach: Zool Ver. \p. 1628! 2—Pedicinus eurygaster (Burmeister). From Pithecus nemes- trmus and Pithecus fascicularis? 1838. Pediculus eurygaster Burmeister, Gen. Insecto- rum. 1880. Pedicinus eurygasier Piaget, Les Ped., p. 630; Pleo Let tay 1908. Pedicinus eurygaster Dalla Torre, Gen. Ins., Anopl., p. 9. | 1912. Pedicinus eurygaster Fahrenholz, 2-3- 4th Jahresb. d. Niedersach. Zool. Ver., pp. 12-15, 28. 3—Pedicmus hamadryas Mjoberg. Type from Papio sp.? (Zool. Mus. Hamburg). 1910. Pedicinus hamadryas Mjoberg, Ark. f. Zool., Volk6, pt: 13.) pp. 172-174; £. 86-87. 4—Pedicinus longiceps Piaget. Type from Pygathrix cristata? Also from Pithecus fascicularis? 140 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Proc. 47H Sen. 1880. Pedicinus longiceps Piaget, Les Ped., p. 632; Pls oy eNes 1908. Pedicimus longiceps Dalla Torre, Gen. Ins., Nao li \\04 SY). 1912. Pedicinus longiceps Fahrenholz, 2-3 - 4th Jahresb. d. Niedersach., Zool: Ver., pp.) touze: 5—Pedicinus paralleliceps Mjoberg. From Pithecus albibar- batus (Zool. Mus. Hamburg). 1910. Pedicimus paralleiceps Mjoberg, Ark. f. Zool., Vol. 6, pt. 13, pp. 174-176, f. 88. 6—Pedicinus rhesi Fahrenholz. From Pithecus rhesus. 1912. Pedicinus rhesi Fahrenholz, Zool. Anz., Vol. 39, p. 54. 1912. Pedicinus rhesi Fahrenholz, 2-3-4th Jahresb. d. Niaedersach. Zool. Ver.,\ pp. 15-22) pigui ee 2 plo, 6 Genus Phthirpedicinus Fahrenholz Fahrenholz, Zool. Anz., Vol. 39, pp. 54-55 (1912), 2-3-4th Jahresb. d. Niedersach. Zool. Ver., pp. 22-23. : Anterior legs with slender, pointed claw, others with short, blunt claws. Abdomen with two pairs of pleural plates. Type of the genus Phthirpedicinus micropilosus Fahren- holz. 1—Phthirpedicinus muicropilosus Fahrenholz. From Pithecus rhesus. 1912. Phthirpedicinus nucropilosus Fahrenholz, Zool. ENT Za WOlL 394004) Do, 1912. Phthirpedicinus micropilosus Fahrenholz, 2-3- 4th Jahresb. d. Niedersach. Zool. Ver., pp. 22- Z3) pl ide a3: 2—Phthirpedicinus microps (Nitzsch). From Pithecus sinicus. 1838. Pediculus eurygasier Burmeister, Gen. Ins. 1864. Pediculus microps Nitzsch, Giebel, Zeit. f. ges. Naturw 3) Vol) 23; 04.32. 1874. Pedicinus eurygaster Giebel, Ins. Epizoa, pp. 32-33. | 1912. Phthirpedicinus microps Fahrenholz, Zool. Anz., Wooly 39; pan: Wor L| FERRIS—ANOPLURA 141 1912. Phthirpedicmus microps Fahrenholz, 2-3-4th Fabresh: d) Niedersach, Zool, Vier) pp? 13, 26, IS. 3—Phthirpedicinus piagett (Stroebelt). From Pithecus brevi- caudatus or P. rhesus. 1881. Pedicinus piageti Stroebelt, Jahresb. d. west. Ver. & Wissensch. u. Kunst, Vol. 9, p. $2; pl. 1, ta 3 1908. Pedicinus piageti Dalla Torre, Gen. Ins., Anopl., p 1912. Phthirpedicinus piageti Fahrenholz, 2-3-4th Jahresb. d. Niedersach. Zool. Ver., p. 28. Pediculidze of uncertain position Pedicinus graciliceps Piaget. From unknown host. 1885. Pedicinus graciliceps Piaget, Les Ped., Suppl., py PAL sph) 15) fA 1912. Pedicmus? gracitliceps Fahrenholz, 2-3-4th Jahresb. d. Niedersach. Zool. Ver., pp. 20, 29. Note: Fahrenholz regards this species as probably be- longing to an undescribed genus, characterized chiefly by the presence of five pairs of pleural plates. Hematopimus albidus Rudow. From Simia sylvanus. 1869. Hematopinus albidus Rudow, Zeit. f. d. ges. Naturw., Vol. 34, p. 169. 1912. Hematopinus? albidus Fahrenholz, 2-3-4th Jlahnesb) dy) Niedersach. Zool, Ver; p29: Note: Judging from the host, this probably belongs to the subfamily Pedicining. The genus cannot be deter- mined. Hematopinus obtusus Rudow. From Pygathrix aurata? 1869. Hematopinus obtusus Rudow, Zeit. f. d. ges. Naturw., Vol. 34, p. 169. 1908. Hematopinus? obtusus Dalla Torre, Gen. Ins., Anoplaap lek Note: This probably belongs to the Pediculide. 142 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Proc. 47H Ser. Family Hematopimide Enderlein, Zool. Anz., Vol. 28, pp. 136, 137 (1904) ; Dalla Torre) Gen Tus) Anoplip 10 (100s): Eyes lacking. Antennz three- or five-segmented. Tuibiz with a thumb-like process opposing the claw. Subfamily Hematopinine Enderlein, Zool. Anz., Vol. 28, pp. 136, 138 (1904) ; pa Were, Gen ins Anopl). 9.) 10 (1908). Antennz fe. -segemented. Anterior legs of practically the size of the others. A triangular skeletal piece Wee sclerite) present between tibia and tarsus. - Genus Hematopinus Leach Leach, Zool. Misc., Vol. 3, pp. 64-65, f. 146 (1817) ; Den- ny, Mon. Anopl., pp. 24- 25 (1842); Giebel, Ins. Epizoa, pp. 33-35 (1874) ; Piaget, Les Ped., pp. 633-635 (1880) ; Ender- lein, Zool. Anz., Vol. 28, p. 138 (1904) ; Neumann, Arch, de Par., Vol. 13; (pp: 5292532: (1909); Dalla Torre, Gemmilines Anopl., p. 10 (1908); Kellogg & Ferris, Anopl. and Mall. Pp LONGII LS): Head with very sharp, forward pointing temporal angles. Thorax broad. Legs all of practically the same size, with a strongly chitinized skeletal piece between tibia and tarsus. Ab- domen with a swollen, pad-like, chitinized area on the lateral margins of the third to eighth segments. Tergites and stern- ites with a varying number of small chitinized plates. Each tergite and sternite with one transverse row of very. small hairs. Recorded from Bese and Artiodactyla. Type of the genus, Hematopinus suis (Linnzus). 1—Hematopinus asini (Linnzus). From the domestic horse and the ass (cosmopolitan). Also from Equus burchells (Zool. Mus. Hamburg). 1758... Pediculus asint Linnzeus, Syst. Nat., 10th ed., p. Ol2: . Vor. VIJ 1829. 1838. 1842. 1865. 1874. 1880. 1891. 1896. 1904. 1908. LOG: FERRIS—ANOPLURA 143. Hematopinus asini Stephens, Catalogue, Vol. Ae 329. | Pediculus macrocephalus Burmeister, Gen. Rhyn. No. 18. Hematopinus asint Denny, Mon. Anopl., pp. SOS ea OAS nas ag HA menbaniene equi Se Journ Noo Soc: Pond. (2) Volo Ll pp. 60-62. Hematopinus macrocephalus Giebel, Ins. Epi- zoa, pp. 44-45; pl. 2, f. 5. Hematopinus macrocephalus Piaget, Les Ped., PONOSZ-653' pl. 95. 6e 3: Hematopinus asint Osborn, Bul. 7, 0. s., U.S. Depryrcr 0 Ding Hate pps 2-22 .0h, 9: Hematopimus asint Osborn, Bul. 5, n. s., pp. 180-181, #. 103. Hematopimus asini Enderlein, Zool. Anz., Vol. 28, pe 140, Hematopimus asini Dalla Torre, Gen. Ins., Anon! 9.) 10) Hematopinus asint Mjoberg, Ark. f. Zool., Vol. 6 pir lS; o. 16/7. la—H ematopinus asint var. colorata Piaget. From Fquis asinus. 1880. (Europe). Hematopinus macrocephalus var. colorata Pia- get, Les Ped., p. 654. 2—Hemaitopinus bufali (De Geer). From Buffelus caffer. (Congo Free State and Nyasaland, Africa). 77S: 1844. 1874. 1880. 1904. 1908. Pediculus bufali De Geer, Histoire des Ins., WO Pp OS. ple ba lle i2: Pediculus phthiriopsis Gervais, PNpLELeSs) VO go: pa o0b: Hematopinus phthiriopsis Giebel, Ins. Epizoa, p. 47. Hematopinus phthiriopsis Piaget, Les Ped., p. 652. Hematopinus phthiriopsis Enderlein, Zool. Anz., Vol. 28, p. 141. Hematopinus phtliriopsis Dalla Torre, Gen. Uiaisie rey 9(0) by bang Ly bp kd 144 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Proc. 4TH SER. 1909. Hematopinus bufali Neumann, Arch. de Par., Vol. 13) pp. 3007505, 2-5: 1910. Hematopmus phthiriopsis Mjoberg, Ark. f. Zool. Vol!6; pt. 13; p. 100: 3—Hematopinus eurysternus (Nitzsch). From Bos taurus. 1818. Pedicuius eurysternus Nitzsch, Germar’s Mag., Vol 3.7 p. 305. 1842. Hematopinus eurysternus Denny, Mon. Anopl., pp: 29-30) pl Za f) 5) 1864. Pediculus eurysternus Nitzsch, Zeit. f. ges. Natunw. VioliZ3) p.27, 1874. Hematopinus eurysternus Giebel, Ins. Epizoa, pp. 41-42; pl. 2, f. 8. 1880. Hematopinus eurysternus Piaget, Les Ped., pp. 648-650; pl. 53, f. 1. 1885. Hematopmus tuberculatus var. penicillatus Piaget, Les Ped., Suppl., p. 146. | 1891. Hematopimnus eurysternus Osborn, Bul. 7, o. s., U.S. Dept. Aor.) Divi Wnt. pp) 13elGy ate: 1896. Hematopinus eurysternus Osborn, Bul. 5, n. s., U.S) Dept. Agr, Div, Ent, pp. 172-l7a nom 1908. Hematopinus eurysternus Dalla Torre, Gen. | ins) Anopl. (py ii. 1909. Hematopinus eurysternus Neumann, Arch. de Par Volk layer: pp) 498-500: 4__Hematopinus longus Neumann. From Cervus unicolor. (Nepaul, India). 1912. Hematopimus longus Neumann, Bul. Soc. Zool. France, Vol. 37, pp. 141-142, f£. 1-4. 5—Hematopinus ? oviformis Rudow. From Hircus mag- nificus. (This name does not appear in available catalogues of mammals). 1869. Hematopinus oviforms Rudow, Zeit. f. ges. Naturw., Vol. 34, p. 170. . 1874. Hematopinus oviformis Giebel, Ins. Epizoa, p. 47. | 1880... Hematopinus oviformis Piaget, Les Ped., p. 648. Vor. VI] FERRIS—ANOPLURA 145 1908. Hematopimus ? oviformis Dalla Torre, Gen. inseeAnopl:, py il: 6—Hematopinus phachachoert Enderlein. Type from Pha- chochoerus oeliani massaicus. (Kilimandjaro). Also from Phachochoerus, sp., Potamochoerus choeropotamus and P. africanus, P. atimis nyase. (German E. Africa and Sinica: : 1908. Hematopinus phachochoert Enderlein, Swed. Exp. Kilimandjaro-Meru, Vol. 2, pt. 11, pp. 7-9, fig. 1909. Hematopimus latus Neumann, Arch. de Par., Vol. 13, pp. 505-508, f. 6-9. 1911. Hematopinus peristictus Kellogg & Paine, Bul. Ent. Res., Vol. 2, pp. 145-146; pl. 4, f. 3-6. 1912. Hematopmus phachochoert Paine, Ent. News, Vol. 23, p. 468. 1912. Hematopinus phachochoert Harms, Zool. Anz., Wolf 40N pn 293) £3: 1912. Hematopinus incisus Harms, Ibid., pp. 290- 2O7 i AZ. 1916. Hematopinus phachochoert Ferris, Ann. Dur- ban Mus., Vol. 2 (in press). Note: This possibly contains two species; if so, they should stand as Hematopinus phachochoen Enderlein and Hematopinus peristictus Kellogg & Paine. 7—Hematopinus punctatus (Rudow). From Bos grunniens. 1869. Pediculus punctatus Rudow, Zeit. f. ges. Na- turw., (Volk 34, p: 167. 1874. Hematopinus punctatus Giebel, Ins. Epizoa, p. 47. 1880. Hematopinus tuberculatus var. punctatus Pia- Serplees) Peds piGaZ. 1908. Pediculus ? punctatus Dalla Torre, Gen. Ins., ie emer ip. 1910. Hematopinus punctatus Mjoberg, Ark. f. Zool., Vol. 6) pt 133 p. 166-167. 8—Hematopimus suis (Linneus). From domestic swine. (Cosmopolitan). 1634. Pediculus urius Moufet, Theatrum Ins., p. 266. 146 . CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Proc. 47H Ser. 1758.\ Pediculus sus Winneeus,; Syst. Nat. (10mimeday, tools 1817. Hematopinus sms Leach, Zool. Misc., Vol. 3, py Oso to: 1818. Pediculus urius Nitzsch, Germar’s Mag., Vol. 3, iD. OOS. 1842. Hematopimus suis Denny, Mon. Anopl., pp. 34- Vu Soi planta Zt 1847. Hematopinus suis Burmeister, Linnea. Ento- eNO Sa Oe, iD Ors ley 1874. Hematopinus urius Giebel, Ins. Epizoa, pp. 45- AG: pl 2h 6: 1880. Hematopinus urius Piaget, Les Ped., PP. 654- 656; pl 48; fA: | 1891. Eioinal opines urius Osborn, Bul. 7, 0. s., U. S: Dept. Nog) Div ant, pp. 1o-7i is: 1896. Hematopinius urius Osborn, Bul. 5, n. s., U.S. Dept. Agr., Div: Ent, pp:'178-180; aleZ: 1904. Hematopinus swis Enderlein, Zool. Anz., Vol. 28, p. wZ4! | 1908. Hematopinus suis Dalla Torre, Gen. Ins., Anoplo. ila 1911. Hematopmus sms Neumann, Arch. de Par., Vol. 14, pp. 406-490, f. 8a. 8a—H ematopinus suis var. adventicius Neumann. From Sus vittatus (East Indies). 1911. Hematopinus suis var. adventicius Neumann, Arch. de Par., Vol. 14, pp. 406-410, f. 8b. 9—Hematopinus taurotragi Cummings. From Taurotragus oryx. (Menagerie, Eng.) 1914. Hematopinus taurotragi Cummings, Bul. Ent. Res, Vol. a) pp. lsa-159 6 12. 10—Hematopinus tuberculatus (Burmeister). Type from “Common buffalo or buffalo of India” (Vienna), also from “Buffalo of India, Tonkin, Summatra and Rumania,” Bison bison (North America), Camelus dromedarius (India) and African camels. 1668. Piddochio del canmello Redi, Esperienze intor- no alla generatione deg!’ insetti, pl. 20. Vo. VI] 1758. 1839. 1844. 1852. 1864. 1867. 1874. 1874. 1880. 1880. 1904. 1908. 1908. 1909. KO: WOU FERRIS—ANOPLURA 147 Pediculus cameli Linnzeus, Systema Nature, ed. LO} pol: : Pediculus tuberculatus Burmeister, Gen. Rhyn., No. 20. Pediculus camelt Gervais, Apteres, Vol. 3, p. 306. | Hematopinus tuberculatus Lucas, Ann. Ent. Seer i rance, Vol. lO) sen 2, pp. 529-533:; ple Non 2 | Pediculus tuberculatus Nitzsch, Zeit. f. ges. Na- bunwe Oli Zo. OZ, Hematopinus tuberculatus Nitzsch, Ibid., Vol. AS 0 OA Hematopinus cameli Giebel, Ins. Epizoa, p. 47. Hematopinus tuberculatus Giebel, Ibid., pp. 46-47. Hematopinus camel Piaget, Les Ped., p. 644. Hematopimus tuberculatus Piaget, Ibid., pp. 650-652); play ooy mh. 2: Hematopinus tuberculatus Enderlein, Zool. Anz., Vol. 28, p. 140. Hematopinus ? cameli Dalla Torre, Gen. Ins., Anopl. p. 11: Hematopinus tuberculatus Dalla Torre, Ibid., pelt: Hematopimus tuberculatus Neumann, Arch. de Pag) Voli 13, pp, 497-500). 4. 1. Hematopinus tuberculatus Mjoberg, Ark. f. Zoot, Vol. 6, pt: 13, 91167. Hematopimus tuberculatus Neumann, Arch. de Par., Vol. 14, pp. 413-414. — Subfamily Linognathine. Trichauline Enderlein, Zool. Anz., Vol. 28, p. 138 (1904). Linognathine Enderlein, Zool. Anz., Vol. 29, p. 194 (SOs); Dalla Were, Gen! Ins; Anopl.,p. 11 (1908). Antennz five-segmented. Anterior legs always distinctly smaller and with much slenderer claw than the posterior. No skeletal piece (pre-tarsal sclerite) between tibia and tarsus. 148 ' CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Proc. 4ru Sen. Genus Enderleinellus Fahrenholz Fahrenholz, Zool. Anz., Vol. 39, p. 56 (1912); 2-3-4th Jahresb. d. Niedersach. Zool. Ver., pp. 52-58 (1912) ; Kellogg and Ferris, Anopl. & Mall. of N. Am. Mam., p. 40 (1915). Anterior and middle pairs of legs of equal size, small and with slender claws. Posterior legs very large and stout, with stout claw. Head entirely without temporal angles. Abdomen with or without chitinized tergal and sternal plates. Abdom- inal segments for the most part with but one row of hairs or spines in both male and female. Third sternite usually with a widely separated pair of chitinized plates or areas, one near each lateral margin. Pleurites present on second to fifth or sixth segments. Recorded only from Sciurid@e and Petauristide (Rowcutayl Type of the genus FEnderlemellus spherocephalus (Nitzsch). | 1—Enderleinellus kelloggi Ferris. Type from Sciurus griseus noeripes (Calitornia,, UW. S.A.) Also trom S egasares: griseus (California). 1916. Enderleinellus kelloggi Ferris, Psyche, Vol. 23 (in press). 2—Enderlemellus longiceps Kellogg & Ferris. Type from Sci- urus niger rufiventer or S. carolinensis (Lincoln, Nebraska, U.S. A.) Also from Sciurus niger rufiventer (Indiana, U. S. A.) and S. arizonensis huachuca (Arizona, U.S: A.). 1915. Enderleinellus longiceps Kellogg & Ferris, Anopl. & Mall. of N. Am. Mam., pp. 44-46; pl. Zt Sap AE h2 hol Oita 2. 1916. Lnderlemellus longiceps Ferris, Psyche, Vol. 23 (in press). 3—Enderleineilus osborni Kellogg & Ferris. Type from Citel- lus beechey1 (California, U. S. A.). Also from Citellus douglasi (California). 1915. Enderleinellus osborni Kellogg & Ferris, Anopl. & Mall. of N. Am. Mam., pp. 43-44; t. £. 15; pia tlh: pl Ot, 4Finderlemellus spherocephalus (Nitzsch). Type from Sci- urus vulgaris (Europe). Also from Scirus hudsonicus Vor. VI] FERRIS—ANOPLURA 149 petulans and S. hudsonicus vancouverensis (Alaska) and S. douglasi albolimbatus (California, U. S. A.). 1818. 1842. 1864. 1874. 1880. 1904. 1908. 1910. WOUZ: on: POG: Pediculus spherocephalus Nitzsch, Germar’s Maio Nol! 35° p;. 305. Hematopinus spherocephalus Denny, Mon. Anopl., p. 36. Pedicuius spherocephalus Nitzsch, Zeit. f ges. Naturw., Vol. 23, p. 27. Hematopinus spherocephalus Giebel, Ins. Epi- ZOaPPoD-505 ply ie t.74e Hematopmus spherocephalus Piaget, Les Ped., p. 640-641. Polyplax ? spherocephala Enderlein, Zool. Anz., Vol. 28, p. 143. | Polyplax ? spherocephala Dalla Torre, Gen. Ins., Anopl:, p.: 14. Polyplax ? spherocephala Myoberg, Ark. f. Zool., Vol. 6, pt. 13, pp. 159-160. Enderlemellus spherocephalus Fahrenholz, LoowiIAnzZ NOL 39s p30: Enderleinellus spherocephalus Fahrenhol,z, 2-3-4th Jahresb. d. Niedersach. Zool. Ver., pp. DARIO ta 22-2 Oly Ants dC Onin Enderleinellus spherocephalus Ferris, Psyche, Vol. 23 (in press). 5—Enderleinellus suturalis (Osborn). Type from Citellus franklini or C. tridecemlineatus (Iowa). Also from C. oregonus and C. mollis (Nevada, U. S. A.), C. townsend (Washington, U.S. A.), Citellus beldingi, X erospermophi- lus tereticaudus and Ammospermophilus nelsom (Califor- nia, U. S. A.), Cynomys gunnisoni and C. leucurus (Colo- rado, Wes. Is 1891. 1896. 1904. 1908. Hematopinus suturalis Osborn, Bul. 7, 0. s., U. Sep Norm Diente 27) 0. 5. Hematopinus suturalis Osborn, Bul. 5, n. s., U. Sep non Dive: Bato) pl Teo, fk 109. Polyplax ? suturalis Enderlein, Zool. Anz., Vol. Z8, ps b43. Polyplax ? suturalis Dalla Torre, Gen. Ins., Anopl., p. 14. 150 : CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Proc. 41H SER, 1915. Enderlemellus sutuwralis Kellogg & Ferris, Anopl. & Mall. of N. Am. Mam., pp. 40-42; pl Ang, 1916. Enderleimellus suturalis Ferris, Psyche, Vol. 23 (in press). Sa—Enderleinellus suturahs var. occidentalis Kellogg & Fer- ris. From Callospermophilus chrysodeirus trimtatus (Cal- ifonnia, Wh) S. AL): 1915. Enderleimellus suturalis var. occidentalis Kel- logge & Ferris, Anopl. and Mall. of N. Am. Mam., p. 42; /pl. 2, £. 3¢\pl. 4 f. VO: phy senleg 6—Enderleinellus uncinatus Ferris. From Glaucomys sabrinus lasciuus ) (Caliiornia, (W.Sy Ay) 1916. Enderleinellus uncinatus Ferris, Psyche, Vol. 23 (in press). Genus Fahrenholzia Kellogg & Ferris Kellogg and Ferris, Anopl. and Mall. of N. Am. Mam., Dy 45 Antenne similar in sexes. Head and thorax very small. Anterior legs small with slender claw. Middle and posterior legs much larger, sub-equal, with stout claws. Abdomen without chitinized tergal and sternal plates. Each abdominal segment with but one row of spines in both male and female. Pleural plates present on a variable number of segments. Sternite of second segment with a large chitinized plate near each lateral margin. Spiracles small. Recorded only from Heteromyide (Rodentia). Type of the genus Fahrenholzia pinnata Kellogg & Ferris. 1—Fahrenholzia pinnata Kellogg & Ferris. Type from Dipo- domys californicus (California, U. S. A.). Also from Dipodomys deserti, D. merrianu, Perodipus sp. and Micro- dipodops polionotus (California) and Perognathus parvus olivaceous (Nevada, U. S. A.). | 1915. Fahrenholzia pinnata Kellogg & Ferris, Anopl. and Mall of Nv Am.’ Mam.) pp, 32-35); taal: plist t 22 plo oO; plod. 10! 1916. Fahrenholzia pinnata Ferris, Psyche, Vol. 23 (in press). Woe Vil FERRIS—ANOPLURA 151 2—Fahrenholzia tribulosa Ferris. Type from Perognathus californicus (California, U. S. A.). Also from Perognath- us formosus (California). 1916. Fahrenholzia tribulosa Ferris, Psyche, Vol. 23 (in press). Genus Hemodipsus Enderlein Hemodipsus Enderlein, Zool. Anz., Vol. 28, pp. 139, 143 (1904) ; Dalla Torre, Gen. Ins., Anopl., p. 15 (1908) ; Mjo- bere pie t. /Zool,, Viol) 6, pt. 13, /p./165, (1910); Kelloge & Ferris, Anopl. and Mall. of N. Am. Mam., pp. 27-28 (1915). Hematopinus (Polyplax) Neumann, Arch. de Par., Vol. is, ps 536 (1909). Anterior legs small with slender claw, middle and posterior legs larger, sub-equal, with heavier claws. Head broad, thorax very small. Abdomen entirely without chitinized tergites and sternites, each segment with a single transverse row of spines or hairs. Pleural plates very small or wanting. Gonapods very short. Recorded only from Leporide (Rodentia). Type of the genus Hemodipsus lyriocephalus (Burm.). 1—Hemodipsus lyriocephalus (Burm.). Type from Lepus timidus (Europe). Also from L. europeus occidentalis (Europe). 1839. Pediculus lyriocephalus Burmeister, Gen. Rhyn. Nov ie a7: 1842. Hematopinus lyriocephalus Denny, Mon. Anopl., pp. 27-28; pl. 24, f. 4. 1864. Pedicuius lyriceps Nitzsch, Zeits. f. ges. Na- turw., Vol. 23, p. 24. 1874. Hematopinus lyriocephalus Giebel, Ins. Epizoa, ppo9-40): ply 2.8.) 2: 1880. Hematopinus lyriocephalus Piaget, Les Ped., pp. 641-642; pl. 52, f. 5. 1904. Hemodipsus lyriocephalus Enderlein, Zool. mmnZz Vol ZS, ps 143: 1908. Hemodipsus lyriocephalus Dalla Torre, Gen. ins. Anopl:)p:) 15. 152 Oo: 1910. 1913. 191 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES .[Proc. 4TH Smr. Hematopinus (Polyplax) lyriocephalus Neu- mann, Arch. detban. Viol is) p.sze: ‘ Hemodipsus lyriocephalus Mjoberg, Ark. f. Zool Vol Ope 13): Woo: Hemodipsus lyriocephalus Evans, Proc. Royal Phys. Soc. Edinburgh, Vol. 19, p. 94. Hemodipsus lyriocephalus Kellogg & Ferris, Anopl. & Mall. of N. Am. Mam., p. 28. 2—Hemodipsus ventricosus (Denny). From Oryctolagus cuniculus (Europe). Also from “domestic rabbit” (Eu- rope and North America), Lepus campestris (Iowa, U. S. A.), Lepus californicus (California, U. S. A.), and L. cal- ifornicus deserticola (Arizona, U. S. A.). 1842. 1874. 1880. 1885. 1896. 1904. 1908. 1OOO: LOO: OS): oS: 1916. Hematopinus ventricosus Denny, Mon. Anopl., pp: 30-31. plAZ ay EG: Hematopinus ventricosus Giebel, Ins. Epizoa, p. 47. Hematopinus ventricosus Piaget, Les Ped., p. 642. Hematopinus ventricosus Piaget, Les Ped., Suppl, pp, 141-1473 "pl lei 19: Hematopinus ventricosus Osborn, Bul. 5, n. s., WS) Dept Aor Dive Ent ip: eZ Hemodipsus ventricosus Enderlein, Zool. Anz., Voli 28. pits: Hemodipsus ventricosus Dalla Torre, Gen. Ins., Anoplenp: lo: Hematopinus (Polyplax) ventricosus Neu- mann,’Arch. de Par., Vol. 13; pp. 527-s28, ie Hemodipsus ventricosus Mjoberg, Ark. f. Zool., Nol, 6, prs) Go. Polyplax ventricosa Evans, Proc. Royal Phys. Soc. Edinburgh, Vol. 19, p. 94. Hemodipsus ventricosus Kellogg & Ferris, Anopl. and Mall. of N. Am. Mam., pp. 28-30; tt Lis pl 2. ipl ae soli Ge ee Hemodipsus ventricosus Ferris, Psyche, Vol. 23 (in press). Vo. VI] FERRIS—ANOPLURA 153 Genus Hoplopleura Enderlein Hoplopleura Enderlein, Zool. Anz., Vol. 28, pp. 221-223 (1904) ; Dalla Torre, Gen. Ins., Anopl., p. 14 (1908) ; Fahren- ~holz, 2-3-4th Jahresb. Niedersach. Zool. Ver., pp. 44-46 (1912); Kellogg & Ferris, Anopl. & Mall. of N. Am. Mam., pps L5-lo, (1915). Hematopimus (Polyplax) Neumann, Arch. de Par., Vol. rape oot (L909). Antenne similar in the sexes. Anterior legs small with slender claw; middle legs larger with stouter claw; posterior legs very stout with stout, heavy claw and usually with a small, pointed protuberance on the anterior margin of the tibia. Fe- male with most of the abdominal tergites divided into three transverse plates, each bearing a row of spines. Males with most of the abdominal tergites and sternites divided into two plates or undivided, but with some divided into three. Ante- rior division of the third sternite in both sexes with two pairs, or with two groups of three very stout and conspicuous spines. Pleural plates present. From Muride and Sciuride (Rodentia). Type of the genus Hoplopleura acanthopus (Burm.). 1—Hoplopleura acanthopus (Burm.). Type from Microtus arvalis (Europe). Also from Microtus agrestis, Mus mus- culus and (?) Sorex araneus (Europe) and Dicrostonyx torquatus (Pitlekaj). 1839. Pediculus acanthopus Burmeister, Gen. Rhyn., Nos oil lst 2: 1842. Hematopinus acanthopus Denny, Mon. Anopl., paZospl, 24) b. 3: 1864. eats acanthopus Nitzsch, Bae. fi (ES Natunw.. Nols 23)". 27. 1874. Af praenbas acanthopus Giebel, Ins. Ep., pp. BO=37 ply) iy) Se 1880. Hematopinus acanthopus Piaget, Les Ped., pp. 638-6405 pli 52) hf 40 0. 1904. Polyplax acanthopus Enderlein, Zool. Anz., Vol. 2550p. VA2 1904. Hoplopleura acanthopus Enderlein, Ibid., Vol. ZO Ope 22022255 ta) LZ! 154 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Proc. 41H Serr. 1908. Hoplopleura acanthopus Dalla Torre, Gen. Ins., Anopl., p. 14. 1910. Hoplopleura acanthopus Mjoberg, Ark. f. Zool., Viols:6, pt. 13,9) 164: 1912. Hoplopleura acanthopus Fahrenholz, 2-3-4th Jahresb. Niedersach. Zool. Ver., pp. 46-52, f. 1220) 2 ee i. la—Hoplopleura acanthopus var. americanus Kellogg & Fer- ris. Type from Muicrotus californicus (California, U. S. A.). Also from M. (Lagurus) intermedius and other species of Microtus (California, lowa) and “white lem- ming” (Point Barrow, Alaska). 1891. Hoplopleura acanthopus Osborn, Bul. 7, o. s.,. UNS! Dept Aor. Din. nt. py Zo. ae me 1896. Hoplopleura acanthopus Osborn, Bul. 5, n. s., U.S: Dept, Agr, Div, Ent.) pp. 181-82 ieee 1915. Hoplopleura acanthopus var. americanus Kel- logg and Ferris, Anopl. and Mall of N. Am. Mam!) pu 165 £0.73)5 pl) 4). 2) oles) pianae DURA une arboricola Kellogg & Ferris. Type from Eutamias sonome (California, U. S. A.). Also from Sciurus griseus griseus, S. douglasi mollipilosus, S. doug- lasi albolimbatus, Eutamias alpinus, E. hindsi, E. sonome, E. merriami pricei, E. townsendi ochrogenys, E. speciosus frater (California), and Tamas striatus (Iowa, U.S. A.). 1915. Hoplopleura arboricola Kellogg & Ferris, Anopl. and Mall. of N. Am. ’Mam., pp. 19-21; tf 627 spl 4 i AS pl 6) £58: 1916. Hopblopleura arboricola Ferris, oe Vol. 23 (in press). 3—Hoplopleura bidentata (Neumann). From Epimys ratius (Lake Torrens, Australia). 1909. Hematopinus (Polyplax) bidentatus Neumann, Arch. de Par), Vol) 13, pp, 5159-a17, fale: 1915. Hoplopleura °? bidentata Kellogg & Ferris, Ann. Durban Mus. Voll) pti, pio: 4__Hoplopleura enormis Kellogg & Ferris. From Arvican- thisidorsalas, (S, Atmica,): Vox. VI] FERRIS—ANOPLURA 155 1915. Hoplopleura enorms Kellogg & Ferris, Ann. Durban Vis Voll, pt. Z) op. Vos2157 5 pl les f. 4-4e. ok 5—Hoplopleura erratica (Osborn). Type from Larus bona- partu (straggler). Also from Glaucomys volans, Micro- tus pennsylvanicus and Tamias striatus (North America). 1896. Hematopinus erraticus Osborn, Bul. 5, n. s., UES Dept ncre Dig ints po, 1Se 1904. Polyplax ¢ erraticus Enderlein, Zool. Anz., Vol. 25,9.) 143: M08) Polyplax ¢) erratica, Walla Morne, ) Gens Ins:, ESO OEE Gout LS), 1915. Hoplopleura ? erratica Kellogg & Ferris, Anopl. and Mall. of N. Am. Mam., pp. 18-19. Note: One of the three species, Hoplopleura arbori- cola Kellogg & Ferris, H. trispinosa Kellogg & Ferris. or H. acanthopus var. americanus Kellogg & Ferris, is probably a synonym of this species. 6—Hoplopleura hesperomydis (Osborn). Type from Pero- myscus leucopus (Iowa, U. S. A.). Also from Peromys- cus maniculatus rubidus, P. maniculatus gambeli, P. boylet and Mus musculus (California, U. S. A.). 1891. Hematopinus hesperomydis Osborn, Bul. 7, Pons Onion Dept Norn Diva tmnt... 26) t..14h 1896. Hematopinus hesperomydis Osborn, Bul. 5, n. a Ul S Dept non Div, ne) pp. 184-185, hf: 108. 1904. Polyplax ? hesperomydis Enderlein, Zool. Anz., | Volt 23.) po.) V3: 1908. Polyplax ? hesperomydis Dalla Torre, Gen., ZENO DS Eh). De! AUS 1915. Hoplopleura hesperomydis Kellogg & Ferris, Anopl. and Mall. of N. Am. Mam., Bey Lie ttents 4-5; pl. 4, f. 1; pl. 5, £. 14. 7—Hoplopleura hirsuta Ferris. Type from Sigmodon hispi- aus (North Carolina, U. S. A.). Also from Sigmodon hispidus texianus (Texas, U.S. A.) and S. hispidus erenu- cus \(Calaronnia, Wi S: 5")! 1916. Hoplopleura hirsuta Ferris, Psyche, Vol. 23 (in press). 156 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Proc. 4TH SER. 8—Hoplopleura hispida (Grube). From Lemmus obensis (Siberia ). 1851. Pediculus hispidus Grube, Midd. Reise, Zool., - p, 497; pl. 32, £. 2 (figure labeled P.. gracilis). 1874. Hematopinus hispidus Giebel, Ins. Ep., p. 38. 1880. Hemaiopinus hispidus Piaget, Les Ped., p. 640. 1904. Polyplax hispida Enderlein, Zool. Anz., Vol. 28, p. 142. 1908. Polyplax hispida Dalla Torre, Gen. Ins., Anopl., pls: Note: This is probably a synonym of 1. acanthopus (Burm.). 9—Hoplopleura intermedia Kellogg & Ferris. Type from Mus coucha (Zululand, South Africa). 1915. Hoplopleura intermedia Kellogg & Ferris, Ann. Durban Mus:, Vol. 1, pt. 2, pp Wiagatoer ple WG Sod: 1916. Hoplopleura intermedia Ferris, ibid., Vol. 23 (in press). 10—Hoplopleura longula (Neumann). From Micromys mu- nutus (Europe). 1909. Hematopmus (Polyplax) longulus Neumann, Arch. de\Par.; Vol. 13, pp. 513-5155 tele 1910. Hoplopleura lmeata Fahrenholz, Zool. Anz., VoOl35, p75, tae: 1915. Hoplopleura ? longula Kellogg & Ferris, Ann. Durban Mis Vol vl pt Zip: didat 11—Aoplopleura maniculata (Neumann). From Sciurus pal- marum (Asia). 1909. Hematopinus (Polyplax) maniculatus Neu- mann, Arch. de Par, Vol. 13, pp. sZl=a2ouam 21-22. 1915. Hoplopleura ? maniculata Kellogg & Ferris, Aan. Durban Mus.) Voli lat) Zio lisse 12—Hoblopleura quadridentata (Neumann). Type from Holo- chilus squamipes (probably Nectomys squamipes or Necto- mys apicalis) (Peru, South America). Also from Nesory- zomys indefessus and N. narberoughi (Galapagos Islands, South America). Vor. VI] FERRIS—ANOPLURA 157 1909. Hematopmus (FPolyplax) quadridentaius Neu- mamaencchi de Par Nol) 3) pp, ol3-o5: 1915. Hoplopleura ? quadridentata Kellogg & Fer- rowan Durban Whus), Voll) pt.-2)p. 155: 1916. Hoplopleura quadridentata Ferris, Psyche, Vol. 23 (in press). 13—Hoplopleura trispinosa Kellogg & Ferris. Type from Glaucomys sabrinus ssp. ? (Oregon, U.S. A.). Also from Glaucomys sabrinus lasciwvus (California, U. S. A.) and G. volans (Maryland, U. S. A.). 1915. Hoplopleura trispinosa Kellogg & Ferris, Anopl. and Mall. of N. Am. Mam., pp. 22-23, Cer eS pleyAie do) 1916. Hoplopleura trispinosa Ferris, Psyche, Vol. 23 (in press). Genus Hybophthirus Enderlein Enderlein, Denksch. d. Med.-Naturw. Gesell. zu Jena, Vol. 14, p. 79 (1909) ; Cummings, Bul. Ent. Res., Vol. 4, p. 44 (UST) | Tarsus of anterior legs two-segmented, of the remainder one-segmented. Anterior legs small and slender, middle and posterior legs large and stout. Abdomen without strongly chitinized tergites and sternites. Pleural plates present. Tho- rax with a flattened triangular process on the dorsum near each lateral margin. Recorded only from Orycteropodide (Tubulidentata). Type of the genus Hybophthirus notophallus (Neumann). 1—Aybophtlirus notophallus (Neumann). From Orcytero- pus afer (South Africa, German East Africa). 1909. Hematopinus notophallus Neumann, Jahrb. des | Nassausichen Ver. f. Naturkunde, in Wies- baden, p. 2. 1909. Hybophthirus orycteropodi Enderlein, Denksch. _ des Med.-Naturw. Gesell. zu Jena, Vol. 14, pp. 79-80; pl. 8, f. 1-3. 1913. Hybophthirus notophallus Cummings, Bul. Ent. Res., Vol. 4, pp. 44-45. 1914. Hybophthirus notophallus Waterston, Ann. S. Ate Musi sViol 10) pt. 9) p: 278. 158 * CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Proc. 41H Ser. Genus Linognathoides Cummings Cummings, Bul. Ent. Res., Vol. 5, pp. 159-160 (1914); Kellogg & Ferris, Anopl. & Mall. of N. Am. Mam., Pp. 23- 24 (1915). In general similar to Polyplax. Abdomen without chitin- ized tergal and sternal plates or with these very much reduced. Pleural plates present. Spiracles small. Recorded from Muridez and Sciuride (Rodentia). Type of the genus Linognathoides citelli Cummings. 1—Linognathoides citelli Cummings. From Cuitellus lepto- dactylus and ? Cricetulus pheus (Transcaspia). 1914. Linognathoides spermophil Cummings, Bul. Pint Res. Vol Sapp) lO0ll6s eis Ga 1916. Linognathoides citelli Cummings, Ann. Mag. Natvbhist (sen, Ss Viol 7 ionl@7. 2—Linognathoides inornatus Kellogg & Ferris. Type from Neotoma cinerea occidentalis (California, U. S. A.). Also from N. cinerea cmerea and ? N. fuscipes streatort (Cali- fornia). 1915. Limognathoides inornatus Kellogg & Ferris, Anopl. & Mall. of Am. Mam., pp. 25-27, t. f. 10; pl. 2, £ ds pl 4, £7 ¢ pl 5, £15 3p ieee 1916. Linognathoides inornatus Ferris, Psyche, Vol. 23 (in press). 3—Linognathoides leviusculus (Grube). Type from Cutel- lus eversmanni (Jakutsk, Siberia). 1851. Pediculus leviusculus Grube, Middendorff’s Reise, Vol. 2, p. 498; pl. 32, f. 5 (figure labeled P. spermophili). 1874. Hemaitopinus leviusculus Giebel, Ins. Epizoa, p38: 1880. Hematopinus leviusculus Piaget, Les Ped., p. 641. 1904. Polyplax leviusculus Enderlein, Zool. Anz., Vol. 28): 142. 1908. Polyplax leviusculus Dalla Torre, Gen. Ins., ANnopl.2) pels: 1910. Polyplax leviuscula Mjoberg, Ark. f. Zool, Voli 6.pt7 13, pale: Vou. VI] FERRIS—ANOPLURA 159 4—Linognathoides montanus (Osborn). Type from “West- ern Gray Squirrel” (probably Citellus sp.) (Ft. Collins, Colorado, U. S. A.). Also from Citellus barrowensis ° (Pt. Barrow, Alaska), Citellus beecheyi, C. douglasi (Cal- ifornia, U.S. A., C. columbianus (Washington, U.S. A.), C. srammurus (Arizona, U. S. A.), C. mexicanus ? (Guanajuato, Mexico), Marmota flaviventris sierre (Cai- ifounian Wao.) and rock squitrel’ (Boulder, Colo- rados |W.) Sua). 1896. 1900. 1904. 1904. 1908. 1914. OTS. PLO: Hematopinus montanus Osborn, Bul. 5, n. s., We Ss Dept Acre. Div. nt. p: §34) f 107. Hematopinus columbianus Osborn, Can. Ent., Vol. 32, pp. 215-216. Polyplax ? montana Enderlein, Zool. Anz., Vol. 28, p. 143. Polyplax ? columbiana Enderlein, Ibid.; p. 143. 1908. Polyplax ? columbiana Dalla Torre, Gentilas., Anopl.. p: 13. Polyplax ? montana Dalla Torre, Ibid., p. 13. Linognathoides ? columbianus Cummings, Bul. Ent. Res., Vol. 5, p. 160. Linognathoides montanus Kellogg & Ferris, Anopl. and Mall. of N. Am. Mam., pp. 24-25; t. PO pla. ahve pl.) GO, ti. 4. Linognathoides montanus Ferris, Psyche, Vol. 25) (aniupress)). 5—Linognathoides peciinifer (Neumann). From Xerus ge- tulus (Northern Africa). 1885. 1908. 1909. 1914. Hematopinus setosus (not of Burmeister) Pia- ger leesthed., Suppl, p. 143 pls 15, £. 6. Hematopmus setosus Dalla Torre, Gen. Ins., Anopl,, pe 1. Hematopmus (Polyplax) pectinifer Neumann, mich de Bar, Voli 13, pp. 528-529, £. 28-29. Linognathoides setosus Cummings, Bul. Ent. Res) Volvo, p.) 160: Genus Linognathus Enderlein Trichaulus Enderlein, Zool. Anz., Vol. 28, pp. 139, 141 (1904). 160 ' CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Proc. 47H Ser. Linognathus Enderlein, Ibid., Vol. 29, p. 194 (1905) ; Dalla Vorre; Gen: Ins:,; Anopl., p. 12° (1908); Mijobers grains f. Zool., Vol.6, pt. 13, p. 156 (1910); Kelloee Ganieiiac: Anopl & Mall, ot No Am Mana) p10) (1915): : Solenopotes Enderlein, Zool. Anz., Vol. 28, p. 143 (1904) ; Dalla Torre, (Gen wuss Anopl:, po la Clo0s): Hematopmus (Linognathus) Neumann, Arch. de Par., Vol. 13, pp. 529-530 (1909). Head usually rather slender and elongated. Temporal angles not prominent. Muddle and posterior legs nearly equal in size, larger and stouter than the anterior. Abdomen en- tirely without chitinized tergal, sternal and pleural plates. Fach abdominal segment with two or three transverse rows of hairs. Spiracles large. Gonapods usually long. From Pertssodactyla, Artiodactyla, Hyracoidea, and from the domestic dog. | Type of the genus Linognathus piliferus (Burm.). 1—Linognathus angulatus (Piaget). Type from Cephalo- phus nigrifrons (Africa). Also from Cephalophus na- talensis and Cephalophus sp. (Africa). 1885. Hematopimus ungulatus Piaget, Les Ped., Suppl, po l44 old outs 7. Note: ungulatus is evidently a misprint for angulatus, the latter appearing in the description of the plates: 1908. Hematopinus ungulatus Dalla Torre, Gen. Ins., AmOpl sp, le 1910. Linognathus angulatus Mjoberg, Ark. f. Zool., polS7. 1916. Linognathus angulatus Ferris, Ann. Durban Mus., Vol. 2 (in press). 2—Linognathus breviceps (Piaget). Type from Cephalo- phus maxwelli (Africa). Also from ? “Cearrus-Hirsch”’ (Guatemala ). 1885. Hematopinus breviceps Piaget, Les Ped., Suppl ps 42) sph Si. 1908. Hematopinus breviceps Dalla Torre, Gen. Ins., nop! ip. dal: Note: ‘This species is probably the young of Lino- gnathus angulatus (Piaget). Vor. VI] FERRIS—ANOPLURA 161 3—Linognathus brevicornis (Giebel). From Guraffa cam- elopardalis (Africa). 1874. Hematopinus brevicorms Giebel, Ins. Epizoa, pp. 43-44. 1880. Hematopinus brevicorms Piaget, Les Ped., pp. 644-646; pl. 52, f. 7. 1904. Trichaulus brevicornis Enderlein, Zool. Anz., WoloZ23s. ps LZ: 1905. Linognathus brevicornis Enderlein, Ibid., Vol. 29, p. 194. 1908. Linognathus brevicornis Dalla Torre, ean Ins., AESGOYE) oes Dy Whe a 4—Linognathus cavie-capensis (Pallas). From Procavia capensis (South Africa). 767. Pediculus cavie-capensis Pallas, Spicilegia Zo- Ologica Viol 2. pr 32 7 plo, t. 12-15: 1874. Hematopinus leptocephalus Giebel, Ins. Epi- zoa, p. 47. 1880. Hemaiopinus leptocephalus Piaget, Les Ped., a paoae 1904. Hematopinus leptocephalus Heicles eii Zool. nz Noli 28, p. 141 OSs El rmononices leptocephalus Dalia Torre, Gen. nse Anolis pay lle 1913. Linognathus cavie-capensis Cummings, Bul. nia ines Vola) op) 37-30.) ta 2-3: 5—Linognathus fahrenholzi Paine. Type from Cervicapra arundmum (Nyasaland, Africa). Also from Cervicapra fulvorufula (Zululand, Africa). 1911. Linognathus forficulus (not of Rudow) Kel- love) & Paine, bul. nt. Res: Vol 2, p: 147: pl. 4, £. 2-4. 1914. Linognathus fahrenholzt Paine, Psyche, Vol. ZAR NI . 1916. Linognathus fahrenholzi Ferris, Ann. Durban Mus., Vol. 2 (in press). 6—Linognathus forfiiculus (Rudow). From Capra ibex (Eu- rope). 1869. Hematopinus forficulus Rudow, Zeit. f. ges. Naturw., Vol. 34, p. 169. 162 ' CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Proc. 4TH Ser. 1874. Hematopinus forficulus Giebel, Ins. Epizoa, p. 47. 1908. Hematopinus ? forficulus Dalla Torte: Gea Ins., Anopl., p. 11. 1914. Techs forficulus Paine, Psyche, Vol. 21, Om, Leite 7—Linognathus gazella Mioberg. From “gazelle.” (Zool. Mus. Hamburg). 1910. Linognathus gazella Mjoberg, Ark. f. Zool., Vol. 6, pt, 13) pp. ls7-lsSan. ac: 8—Linognathus leptocephalus (Ehrenberg). From Procavia syriacus (Syria). 1829. Pediculus leptocephalus Ehrenberg, Symbol Physice. 1874. Hematopmus leptocephalus Giebel, Ins. E Peon, Dy ads 1880. Hematopmus leptocephalus Piaget, Les Ped., p. 656. 1904. Hematopinus leptocephalus Enderlein, Zool. Anz., Vol. 28, p. 141. 1908. Hematopinus leptocephalus Dalla Tone Gen. ins) Anople i. luis LoS. ne leptocephalus Cummings, Bul. Ent. Res Volum. S71: 9—Linognathus lhinnotragi Cummings. From Limnotragus gratus (Congo, Africa). 1913. Linognathus linnotragi Cummings, Bul. Ent: Ress, Vol. 4) pp. 36-07, 1.1% 10—Linognathus ovillus (Neumann). From domestic sheep (Scotland and New Zealand). 1907. Hematopinus ovillus Neumann, Revue veterin- aire, pp. 520-524. 1913. Liegnathus ovillus Evans, Proc. Royal Phys. Soc. Edinburgh, Vol. 19, p. 94. 11—Linognathus pedals (Osborn). From domestic sheep (Minnesota, lowa and Nevada, U.S. A.). 1896. Hematopinus pedalis Osborn, Bul. 5, n. s., U. S: Dept. Agr Divs Ent.) pp i072 ein eo) Woes, WAU 1896. 1904. 13). 1908. oS: FERRIS—ANOPLURA 163 Hematopinus ovis Lugger, Rept. Ent., State Exper. Station, Minnesota, pp. 105-106, f. 75-76. Trichaulus pedals Enderlein, Zool. Anz., Vol. 28, p. 142. Linegnathus pedalis Enderlein, Zool. Anz., Vol. 29, p. 194. | Linognathus pedalis Dalla Torre, Gen. Ins., Anopl., p. 12: Linognathus pedalis Kellogg & Ferris, Anopl. & Mall. of N. Am. Mam., p. 11. 12—Linognathus piliferus (Burmeister). From domestic dog (Cosmopolitan). Also once recorded from a_ ferret (England). Ifo. ) 2Rediculus) cans ‘famiuharis Muller, Prodr. Faunze Dani, p. 184. 1780. ?Pediculus canis familiaris Fabricius, Fauna Groenland, p. 215. 1838. Pediculus piliferus Burmeister, Gen. Rhyn., No. tS: 1842. Hematopinus piliferus Denny, Mon. Anopl., pp. 28-29; pl. 25, f. 4. 1847. Hematopinus bicolor Lucas, Ann. Soc. Ent. Krance: Viol, S.ser 2 pp io36-959 > pl: 8, f.:2a. 1861. Pediculus isopus Nitzsch, Zeit. f. ges. Naturw., Vol. 18, p.,.290. 1864. Pediculus favidus Nitzsch, Ibid., Vol. 23, p. 27. 1874. Hematopinus piliferus Giebel, Ins. Epizoa, pp. 40-41. | 1880. Hematopmus piliferus Piaget, Les Ped., pp. 643-644; pl. 52, f. 6. 1891. Hematopinus piiiferus Osborn, Bul. 7, o. s., Was) Dept Aer (Diy went, pp Pl-t2 08 5, 1896. Hematopinus piliferus Osborn, Bul. 5, n. s., Ur Se Dent Aer Di Pant... 160d. 98. 1904. Trichaulus piliferus Enderlein, Zool. Anz., Vol. 23, ps) 142. 1905. Linognathus piliferus F-nderlein, Ibid., Vol. 29, p. 194. 164 1908. 1910. LOWS: CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Proc. 47m Ser. Linognathus piliferus Dalla Torre, Gen. Ins., AAmOpl:, pp) V2: Linognathus piliferus Mjoberg, Ark. f£. Zool., Viol Oe pe lst) p: onan /. Linognathus piliferus Kellogg & Ferris, Anopl. & Mall. of N. Am. Mam., p. 11. 13—Linognathus prelongiceps (Neumann). From Auchenia huanaca (Bolivia, S. America). L909: Hematopmus (Linognathus) prelongiceps Neumann, Arch. de Par., Vol. 13, pp. 508-511, f. 10-12. 14—Linognathus stenopsis (Burmeister). Type from domes- tic goat (Europe). Also from domestic goat (Califor- nia, U. S. A.), sheep (Africa), Antilope rupicapra and Capra egyptica. 1838. 1842. 1847. 1864. 1864. 1874. 1874. 1880. 1880. 1891. 1896. 1904. 1904. Pediculus stenopsis Burmeister, Gen. Rhyn., No. 3. Hematopinus stenopsis Denny, Mon. Anopl., p. 36. Pediculus saccatus Gervais, A pieres: ay @lumar p. 307. | Pediculus stenopsis Nitzsch, Zeit. f. ges. Na- turw.,) Viol 23" p./ 30! Pediculus schistopygus Nitzsch, Ibid., Vol. Zo: 15, Oly Hematopmus saccatus Giebel, Ins. Epizoa, p. 47. Hematopinus stenopsis Giebel, Ibid., p. 44; pl. 2., f. 4. | H. enmatopimus saccatus Piaget, Les Ped., p. 648. Hematopinus stenopsis Piaget, Ibid., p. 648. Hematopimus stenopsis Osborn, Bul. 7, 0. s., W. Saibepe Nor Dine inteioy 2, Hematopinus stenopsis Osborn, Bul. 5, n. s., WU Si Dept, Aor Div. Eat) p17 Trichaulus saccatis Enderlein, Zool. Anz., Vol. 28, p. 142. | Trichaulus stenopsis Enderlein, Ibid., Vol. 28,. pi laZs Vor. VI] FERRIS—ANOPLURA 165 1905. Linognathus saccatus Enderlein, [bid., Vol. 29, p. 194. 1905. Linognathus stenopsis Ibid., Vol. 29, p. 194. 1908. Linognathus saccatus Dalla Torre, Gen. Ins., NAO LZ, 1908. Linognathus stenopsis Dalla Torre, Ibid., p. 12. 1910. Linognathus stenopsis Mjoberg, Ark. f. Zool., Volo) pt: iSaipy 159: 1911. Linognathus africanus Keliogg & Paine, Bul. Bae sResy Vole Zaps l4oc pl Aad vt 5. 1915. Linegnathus stenopsis Kellogg & Ferris, Anopl. wali ori. Am: Manip. it: Note: Linognathus saccatus is an unrecognizable spe- cies, recorded from Capra egyptica (equals Capra @ga- grus ?), but it is very probably the same as Linognathus stenopsis. 15—Linognathus rupicapre (Rudow). From Rupicapra ru- picapra (Europe). 1869. Hematopinus rupicapre Rudow, Zeit. f. ges. Naturw., Vol. 34, p. 170. 1874. Hematopimnus rupicapre Giebel, Ins. Epizoa, p. 47. 1880. Hematopmus rupicapre Piaget, Les Ped., p. 648. 1908. Hematopimus rupicapre Dalla Torre, Gen. Ins., Anoply p. 11: 16—Linognathus tibialis (Piaget). From Antilope maori (Zool. Garden, Rotterdam). 1880. Hematopinus tibialis Piaget, a Ped., pp. 646- GA7e plvaZ; t's. 1904. Trichaulus tibialis Enderlein, Zool. Anz., Vol. 28, p. 142. 1905. Linognathus tibialis Enderlein, Ibid., Vol. 29, : p. 194. 1908. Linognathus tibialis Dalla Torre, Gen. Ins., Anopl., p. 12. l6a—Linognathus tibialis var. antennatus (Piaget). From Antilope sp. (Zool. Garden, Rotterdam). 1880. Hematopinus tibialis var. antennatus Piaget, kes Ped!) p: 647; ply 52, f.’Se. 166 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Proc. 47H Sz. 1908. Linognathus tibialis var. antennatus Dalla Tor- re, Gen: Ins Anept.\p. 02, 16b—Linognathus tibialis var. appendiculatus (Piaget). From Antilope subgutturosa (=—Gagella subgutturosa?) (Zool. Garden, Rotterdam). 1880. Hematopinus tibialis var. appendiculatus Pia- get, Wes Ped. p. 647); pliiaZ, i. See 1908. Linognathus tibialis var. appendiculatus Dalla TorreyiGen: Ins. Anopl) p12; l6c—Linognathus tibialis var. cervicapre (Lucas). From An- tilope cervicapra (India). 1847. Hematopinus cervicapre Lucas, Ann. Ent. Soc. France, Vol,5, ser) 2, p) 9345 plo 7, ive 1880. Hematopinus tibialis var. cervicapre Piaget, Les Ped., p. 647. 1908. agentes tibialis var. cervicapre Dalla Tor- re, Gen. Ins.) Anopl) p13. 16d—Linognathus tibialis var. euchore Waterston. From An- tilope euchore (Africa). 1914. Linognathus tibialis var. euchore Waterston, Ann. S. African: Mus., Vol. 10, pt. 9)\ pp 27a 278) hi 17—Linognathus vituli (Linnzeus). From domestic cattle. (Cosmopolitan). 1758. Pediculus vitult Hutto Systema Nature, ed. LO) pol: 1766. Pediculus vituli Linnzus, Systema Nature, ed. V2) ip. TOUS: 1829. Hematopimus vituhh Stephens, Catalogue, Vol. 2h O29: 1838. Pediculus tenwrostris Burmeister, Gen. Rhyn., INiow 17: 1842. Hematopinus vituli Denny, Mon. a pp. S132 ipl 2 5,1 h18) 1864. Beas oxyrrynchus Nitzsch, Zeit. f. ges. Na- turw:,) Mol 23) p21. 1874. Bienen os tenuirosiris Giebel, Ins. Epizoa, p43 3 ply 2inke O. 1880. iemalontius tenutrostris Piaget, Les Ped., p. 650. Vor. VI] FERRIS—ANOPLURA 167 1883. Hematopimus tenmrostris Stroebelt, Ann. Mag. Nata bist Wold) ser 5.) pp) 73-108; pl. 3: 1885. Hematopinus tenuirostris Piaget, Les Ped., Suppl, pp. 145-146; pl. 15.2. 8. 1891. Hematopinus vitult Osborn, Bul. 7, 0. s., U.S. Dept. Agr., Div. Ent., pp. 16-18, f. 7. : 1896. Hematopinus vituli Osborn, Bul. 5, n.s., U. S. Dept Acr.. Dive Ent. pp. £/6-177,'t) LOL. 1904. Trichaulus vituli Enderlein, Zool. Anz., Vol. 28 p:, V4Z: 1904. Solenopotes capillatus Enderlein, Zool. Anz., Vol. 28, p. 144, f. 14,15. 1908. Linognathus wituls Dalla Torre, Gen. Ins., mnoOpls py 12: 1908. Solenopotes capillatus Dalla Torre, Ibid., p. 15. 1915. Linognathus vituli Kellogg & Ferris, Anopl. & Mall. of N. Am. Mam., p. 10. 1916. Linognathus vituli Ferris, Ent. News, Vol. 27 (in press). Genus Cervophthirius Mjoberg Cervophthirius Mjoberg, Ent. Tidskrift, Vol. 36, p. 282 (1915) ; Ferris, Ent. News, Vol. 27 (in press), 1916. Differing from Linognathus only in the sharp posterior lateral angles of the head and the presence of but a single row of hairs upon each abdominal segment. Recorded only from Cervide (Artiodactyla). Type of the genus Cervophthirius tarandi Mjoberg. 1—Cervophthirius crassicornis (Nitzsch).. Type from Cer- vus elaphus (Europe). Also from Odocoileus columbi- anus ( Calikonmaia Wo) Sai.) 1818. Pediculus crassicornis Nitzsch, Germar’s Mag., Vols. pi 305: 1842. Hematopinus crassicorms Denny, Mon. Anopl., DE 1G. 1864. Pediculus crassicornmis Nitzsch, Zeit. f. ges. Na- bee VO 23... 91726: | 1874. Hematopinus crassicornis Giebel, Ins. Epizoa, pels oho 2 i 7 168 | CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Proc. 47H SER. 1880. Hematopinus crassicornis Piaget, Les Ped., p. 644. 1908. Hematopinus crassicornis Dalla Torre, Gen. Ins! \Anopl.. ip. lL: 1916. Cervophthirius crassicornis Ferris, Ent. News, Vol..27 (Gn press). 2—Cervophthirius tarandi Mjoberg. From Rangifer taran- dus (Karesuando, Sweden). 1915. Cervophthirius tarandi Mjoberg, Ent. Tidskrift, Vol. 36, pp. 283-285, f. 1-4. Note: It is extremely doubtful if this is at all dis- tinct from Cervophthirius crassicornis (N.). Genus Eulinognathus Cummings FEulinognathus Cummings, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 8, - Wolk A103; 20) CMe): | 7 Head longer than broad, antennz arising just in front of half way, broader behind the antennz than in front. Behind, the head is sunk deep into the thorax. Around the mouth, in front, a circlet of triangular denticles. Abdomen without ter- gites or sternites. Five pairs of pleurites, the anterior pair well developed. First pair of legs small, second and third larger, sub-equal. Hairs on the abdomen modified, long, flattened, parallel-sided, truncate at tip, one row on each segment, Type of the genus Eulinognathus denticulatus Cummings. Recorded from Pedetide and Dipodide (Rodentia). 1—Eulinognathus denticulatus Cummings. From Pedetes catfer. 3 ! 1916. Eulinognathus denticulatus Cummings, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser:.8, Vol. 17; pp, 90-94) amar 2—Eulinognathus aculeatus (Neumann). From Dipus sp. (Djerba, Vunis)))- 1912. Hematopinus (Polyplax) aculeatus Neumann, Bul. Soc. Zool., France, Vol. 37, pp. 143-145, f. 5-6. Genus Neohematopinus Mjoberg Neohematopinus Mjoberg, Ark. f. Zool., Vol. 6, pt. 13, p., 160) (1910); Cummings, Bul went. Res.) Voll 3, piace ‘Vo. VII FERRIS—ANOPLURA 169 (1912) ; Kellogg & Ferris, Anopl. and Mall. of N. Am. Mam., pp. 35-36. Acanthopinus Mjoberg, Ark. f. Zool., Vol. 6, pt. 13, pp. 160-161 (1910). Antenne dissimilar in the sexes, the male with a preaxial process or a pair of spines at the apex of the third antennal segment. First antennal segment in both sexes usually with the distal post axial angle more or less produced and bearing a stout spine or with a stout spine on the posterior margin. Anterior legs small, with slender claw,. middle and posterior legs larger. Abdomen with or without chitinized tergal and sternal plates. Abdominal tergites and sternites of the female. for the most part, with two transverse rows of spines, male with lesser number, bearing two rows of spines. Posterior margin of second tergite of male always distinctly emarginate with a closely set group of spines of various lengths at the end of this emargination. Pleural plates present. Spiracles small. Gonapods very short. Recorded from Sciuride and Petauristide (Rodentia). Type of the genus Neohematopinus sciuroptert (Osborn). 1—Neohematopinus antennatus (Osborn). Type from Sci- urus cinereus var. ludovicianus (probably S. niger ruf- venter), (lowa, U. S. A.). Also from Sciurus griseus griseus (Califorma, WU. S) A.). : 1891. Hematopinus antennatus Osborn, Bul. 7, o. s., WeseDeptenen. Divinity 25d. 1S. 1896. Hematopinus antennatus Osborn, Bul. 5, n. s., U.S. Dept. Agr., Div. Ent., pp. 183-184, f. 106. 1904. Polyplax ? antennata Enderlein, Zool. Anz., Wolk 232) p 143: : (1908. Polyplax ? antennata Dalla Torre, Gen. Ins., ATO pl ps hs: 1910. Acanthopinus antennatus Myoberg, Ark. f. Zook Vol. 6, pt 135 p: 161; 1915. Neohematopinus antennatus Kellogg & Ferris, Anopl. & Mall. of N. Am. Mam., pp. 36-37; tei l4a 4b pl ot) 10) pl) 6, £5; la—Neohematopinus antennatus var. semifasciatus Ferris. Type from Sciurus douglasi albolimbatus (California, U. S. A.). Also from S. douglasi mollipilosus (California). 170 | CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES (Proc. 47H Ser. 1915. Neohematopinus antennatus (in part) Kellogg & Ferris, Anopl. & Mall. of N. Am. Mam., pp. 36-37. 1916. Neohematopinus antennatus var. semifasciatus Ferris, Psyche, Vol. 23 (in press). Note: This is perhaps identical with Neohematopmus sciurmus (Myjob.). 2—Neohematopinus echinatus (Neumann). From Sciurus palmarum (Asia). Also as straggler or mistaken record from a bat, Scotophilus wroughtom (Asia). 1909. Hematopinus (Polyplax) echinatus Neumann, Arch, de’ Par.) Voli 13) pp. ol7-a2 1 9e20) 1912. Neohematopimus echinatus Cummings, Bul. Ent.) Resa Wolw sii.) 393: 3—Neohematopinus heliosciurt Cummings. From Helosci- urus palliatus (British East Africa). , 1912. Neohematopinus helioscurs Cummings, Bul. Ent.) Res. Vol 3) pp. 3932305))t ae 4__Neohematopinus pacificus Kellogg & Ferris. Type from Eutamias sonome (California, U. S. A.). Also from Eutamas hinds, E. alpinus and other species of Euta- mias. (California). 1915. Neohematopinus pacificus Kellogg & Ferris, Anopl. and Mall. of N. Am. Mam., pp. 38-40; t. fl4e-l4d: plod) t2 spl 5.0.3 aay 1916. Neohematopinus pacificus Ferris,.Psyche, Vol. 23 (in press). 5—Neohematopinus sciurinus (Mjoberg). From Sciurus vulpinus (Zool. Mus. Hamburg). (This is perhaps Sci- urus niger of North America). 1910. Acanthopinus sciurinus Mjoberg, Ark. f. Zool., Vol. 6, pt. 13, pp. 161-164, f. 80-83. 1912. Neohematopimus sciurinus Cummings, Bul. Ent Res.) Voll 3, 393: 6—Neohematopmus sciuropteri (Osborn). Type from Glaucomys volans (Iowa, U. S. A.). Also from Glau- comys sabrinus lascivus and G. sabrinus ssp. (California, LS), Wath) )s 1891. Hematopinus sciuroptert Osborn, Bul. 7, 0. s., US. Dept, Aor... Div. Ent: pp: 232245 1. 2) “Vou. V1] FERRIS—ANOPLURA 171 1896. Hematopinus sciuroptert Osborn, Bul. 5, n. s., U. S. Dept. Agr., Div. Ent., pp. 182-183, f. 105. 1904. Polyplax ? sciuroptert Enderlein, Zool. Anz., Viol 23, p. 143: 1908. Polyplax ? sciuropteri Dalla Torre, Gen. Ins., Anopl., p. 14. 1910. Neohematopinus sciuroptert Mjoberg, Ark. f. LOO Voli Or Ore bon palGOy ts 79: 1912. Neohematopmus sciuroptert Cummings, Bul. nt Res Voll 3)p: 393: 1915. Neohematopmus sciuropteri Kellogg & Ferris, Anople ce Mall ot IN Anw Mam) p. 362 plo 1; sal PAO A elms inne 1916. Neohematopinus sciuroptert Ferris, Psyche, Vol. 23 (in press). Genus Polyplax Enderlein Polyplax Enderlein, Zool. Anz., Vol. 28, pp. 139, 142, 223 (1904) ; Dalla Torre, Gen. Ins., Anopl., p. 13 (1908) ; Mjo- Bema Atk: & Zool. Vol. 6, pt. 13, p. 159 (1910)* Fahrenhorz, 2-3-4th Jahresb. Niedersach. Zool. Ver., pp. 29-30 (1912) ; Kellogg & Ferris, Anopl. & Mall. of N. Am. Mam., p. 11 (1915): Hematopmus (Polyplax) Neumann, Arch. de Par., Vol. Sy pp. 529-532 (1909). FEremophthirius Glinkiewicsz, Sitz. d. Kaiserl. Ak. Wiss. Wien, Natur. Klasse, Vol. 116, pp. 381-383 (1907). Antennz sometimes differing in the sexes, the male fre- quently having the third segment with a distal, preaxial process. Anterior legs small with slender claw, middle legs larger with stouter claw, posterior legs somewhat larger and with heavier claw than the middle. Female with most of the abdominal tergites and sternites divided into two transverse plates, each bearing a row of spines or hairs. Male with a smaller number of tergites and sternites thus divided. Pleural plates present. Spiracles small. One species recorded from Soricide (Insectivora), one from Myoxide (Rodentia), the remainder from Muride (Ro- dentia ). Type of the genus Polyplax spinulosa ( Burm.) 172 | CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Proc. 4tu Ser. 1—Polyplax afimis (Burmeister). From Apodemus sylvati- cus (Europe). Also from ?Apodemus agrarius (Eu- rope). : | | 1839. Pediculus affimis Burmeister, Gen. Rhyn., No. 10. 1842. Hematopinus affinis Denny, Mon. Anopl., p. 36. - 1864. Pediculus aftinis Nitzsch, Zeit. f. ges. Naturw., VoliZ sp iZ2. 1874. Hematopinus affinis Giebel, Ins. Epizoa, p. 39; pi ie: 1880. Hematopimus acanthopus var. afimis Piaget, esmPedi pl oau: 1904. Polyplax affius Enderlein, Zool. Anz., Vol. 28, _ p. 142. 1908. Polyplax affinis Dalla Torre, Gen. Ins., Anopl., pe 1S, 1912. Polyplax affims Fahrenholz, 2-3-4th Jahresb. Niedersach. Zool. Ver., pp. 39-42, f. 13-15. PP a see auricularis Kellogg & Ferris. Type from Pero- myscus maniculatus rubidus (California, U.S. A.). Also from Peromyscus sitchensis prevostensis (Forrester Is., Alaska), P. maniculatus gambeli and Onychomys torridus pulcher (California) and O. leucogaster arcticeps (Colo- rade WiiS) An). 1915. Polyplax auricularis Kellogg & Ferris, Anopl. & Mall. of N: Am: Mam., pp. 13-15, ail 1, £45 pl. 4, £08: 1916. Polyplax auricularis Ferris, Psyche, Vol. 23 (in press). 3—Polyplax brachyrrhynchus Cummings. From Acomys ca- harinus (Egypt). 1914. Polyplax brachyrrhynchus Cunininge Proc. Zool. Soc. London, pp. 246-251, t. f. 1-3, 13-14. 4—Polyplax clavicornis (Nitzsch). From Meriones sp. (Northern Adrica).”) 1864. Pediculus clavicornis Nitzsch, Zeit. f. ges. Na- tunw., Wall 23) 32. 1869. Hematopinus clavicornis Nitzsch & Giebel, Ibid), Voli28.p. 397, Vot. VI] FERRIS—ANOPLURA 173 1874. Hematopinus clavicornis Giebel, Ins. Epizoa, pp. 37-38. 1880. Hematopinus clavicornis Piaget, Les Ped., p. 640. 1904. Polyplax clavicornis Enderlein, Zool. Anz., Vol. 28, p. 142. 1908. Polyplax clavicornis Dalla Torre, Gen. Ins., NO ples pe los 4__Polyplax cummingst Ferris. From Dasymys incomtus (Zululand, S. Africa). 1916. Polyplax cummuingsi Ferris, Ann. Durban Mus., Vol. 2 (in press). 5—Polyplax gracilis Fahrenholz. Type from Micromys mi- nutus (Europe). Also from Mus chrysophilus (Zululand, South Africa). 1910. Polyplax gracilis Fahrenholz, Zool. Anz., Vol. SOs P75: 1912. Polyplax gracilis Fahrenholz, 2-3-4th Jahresb. d. Niedersach. Zool. Ver., pp. 42-44, f. 16-17; pl df Oa 1. 1916. Polyplax gracilis Ferris, Ann. Durban Mus., Vol. 2 (in press). 6—Polyplax jonesi Kellogg & Ferris. From Saccostomus campestris (Zululand, South Africa). 1915. Polyplax jonesi Kellogg & Ferris, Ann. Durban Muss Viol pt. 2) pp tol=1525 pl 15). £1, 3-3e. 1916. Polyplax jonesi Ferris, Ibid., Vol. 2 (in press). 7—Polyplax ? miacantha Speiser. From “einer kleinen Ratte mit sehr dicken, stachelartigen Haaren.”’ (Salomona, Abyssinia ). 1905. Polyplax miacantha Speiser, Centralbl. f. Bak- tere Volwoe. spiel (Orioimale).: pp. 318- 319! (Fionn does not belong to it.) 1908. Polyplax miacantha Dalla Torre, Gen. Ins., Anopl., p. 13. Slane otomydis Cummings. Type from Otomys irro- ratus tropicalis (British East Africa). Also from Otomys irroratus and O. brantsi luteolus (South Africa). 1912. Polyplax otomydis Cummings, Bul. Ent. Res., Moh Ss ppi'395-3978 £2: 174 | CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Proc. 47 Ser. 1914. Polyplax otomydis Waterston, Ann. S. Af. Mus:, Vol. 10;\p. 275. 1915. Polyplax otomydis Kellogg & Ferris, Ann. Dur- ban Maus., Vol. 1) pt.’2, p10. 1916, Polyplax Bienes Berris, ibid) Vols (in press). 9—Polyplax oxyrrhynchus Cummings. From Acomys ca- harmus (Egypt). WOE Polyplax oxyrrhynchus Cummings, Proc: Zoot Soc. Lond., pp. 251-260, 262-265; t. f. 4-6, 8-9, 11-13. 10—Polyplax pectinata Cummings. From Epimys ath (Malay Peninsula). 1913. Polyplax pectinata Cummings, Bul. Ent. pee Vol. 4, pp. 35-36. 11—Polyplax ? pleurophea (Burmeister). From Dryomys ni- tedula (Europe). 1839. Pediculus pleuropheus Burmeister, Gen. Rhyn., IN@e 2 1864. Pediculus pleuropheus Nitzsch, Zeit. f. ges. Na- turw., Vol 2o.1p 27: 1874. Hematopinus leucopheus Giebel, Ins. Epizoa, pero7. 1880. Hematopinus leucopheus Piaget, Les Ped., p. 640. 1904. Polyplax pleurophea Enderlein, Zool. Anz., Vol. 28, p. 142. 1908. Polyplax pleurophea Dalla Torre, Gen. Ins., ENO pL oe ple: 12—Polyplax reclinata (Nitzsch). From Sorex araneus (Eu- rope). 1864. Pediculus reclinatus Nitzsch, Zeit. f. ges. Na- turw:; Vola23,.p..23: 1874. Hematopinus reclinatus Giebel, Ins. Epizoa, p. 37: 1880. Hematopinus reclhinatus Piaget, Les Ped., p. 639. 3 1904. Polyplax reclinata Enderlein, Zool. Anz., Vol. 28, p. 142: VoL. VI] 1904. 1908. L910: LOZ: FERRiS—ANOPLURA LS Hoplopleura reclinata Enderlein, Ibid., Vol. 28, pease: Hoplopleura reclinata Dalla Torre, Gen. Ins., Anopl., p. 14. Hematopinus (Polyplax) spimiger reclinatus Neumann,Arch. de Par., Vol. 13, pp. 524-525, f. 24. : Polyplax reclinata Fahrenholz, 2-3-4th Jahresb. d. Niedersach. Zool. Ver., pp. 37-39, f. 11-12; pleat i2213 - ple 252-4 pl 3, f 7: 13—Polyplax serrata (Burmeister). From Mus musculus (Europe). ooo. 1842. 1864. 1874. 1880. 1904. 1908. POLS: Pediculus serratus Burmeister, Gen. Rhyn., No. 6. Hematopimus serratus Denny, Mon. Anopl., (0: Pediculus serratus Nitzsch, Zeit. f. ges. Naturw., Volo 23; p27: Hematopinus serratus Giebel, Ins. Epizoa, p. Soi pl ea he Hematopinus serratus Piaget, Les Ped., p. 639. Polyplax serrata Enderlein, Zool. Anz., Vol. 28, p. 142. Polyplax serrata Dalla Torre, Gen. Ins., Anopl., p. 14. Polyplax serrata Evans, Proc. Roy. Phys. Soc. Edinburgh, Vol. 19, p. 94. 14—Polyplax ? spiculifera (Gervais). From Mus barbarus (Algiers). 1844. 1874 1880. 1904. 1908. Pediculus spiculifer Gervais, Aptéres, Vol. 3, p. 302. Hemaiopimus spiculifer Giebel, Ins. Epizoa, p37. _Hematopinus spiculifer Piaget, Les Ped., p. 639. Polyplax spiculifera Enderlein, Zool. Anz., Vol. 28, p. 142. Polyplax spiculifera Dalila Torre, Gen. Ins., Anopl., p. 14. 176 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Proc. 4TH SER. 15—Polyplax spiniger (Burmeister). From Arvicola amphib- wus (Europe). Sao! 1842. 1864. 1874. 1880. 1904. 1908. 1909. Pediculus spmiger Burmeister, Gen. Rhyn., No. DGS), Hematopinus spiniger Denny, Mon. Anopl., p. 27: pl 24h Oo, Pediculus spiniger Nitzsch, Zeit. f. ges. Naturw., Vol 2 3ia. Zoe Hematopmus spmiger Giebel, Ins. Epizoa, p. BO plz ania le Hematopinus spmiger Piaget, Les Ped., pp. 637/2050);) ply a2 sats: Bini spuugera Enderlein, Zool. Anz., Vol. 28, p. 142. Polyplax spimigera Dalla Torre, Gen. Tas Anopl., p. 14. Hematopmus (Polyplax) spiniger Neumann, Arch. de Pars Viole 13) 9.924) tevee 16—Polyplax spinulosa (Been) Type from Epimys norvegicus (Europe). Also from Epimys rattus and E. rattus alexandrinus (Cosmopolitan) and Microtus califor- nicus and Phenacomys longicaudus (California, U. S. A.). 1839. 1842. 1864. 1874. 1880. 1SOr: 1896. 1904. 1905. Pediculus spinulosus Burmeister, Gen. Rhyn., No. 8. Hematopimus spinulosus Denny, Mon. Anopl., DiZOe plLOZa tos: Pediculus denticulatus Nitzsch, Zeit. f. ges. Naturw., Vol. 23, p. 24. Hematopinus sfinulosus Giebel, Ins. Epizoa, Ppa Sooo spl Ml ine7. Hematopinus spinulosus Piaget, Les Ped., pp. 636-637; pi. 52, f. 2. Hematopinus spinulosus Osborn, Bul. 7, o. s., Uns DeptyAor Div snp 2: Hematopinus spinulosus Osborn, Bul. 5, n. s., US) Dept. Aone Diva mts on aks: Polyplax spinulosa Pndeneil Zool. Anz, Volk 23,.p./L42: : Polyplax spinilosa Enderlein, Ibid., Vol. 29, pp. 192-194. Vor. VI] FERRIS—ANOPLURA 177 1908. Polyplax spinulosa Dalla Torre, Gen. Ins., Anopl., p. 14. 1909. Hematopinus (Polyplax) spinulosus Neumann, Acchade bar. Voldl3)'p.i5Z26) 1,26. 1910. Polyplax spinulosa Mjoberg, Ark. f. Zool., Vol. Gi No wlSs ps OO: 1912. Polyplax spinulosa Fahrenholz, 2-3-4th Jahresb. de Niedersach. Zool. Ver., pp. 30-37, f. 8-10; pl Zh S13: 1915. Polyplax spinulosa ellogg & Ferris, Anopl. and Mali rorc Ine Mana sop. 12-13) sty if.) Les pl: Sy ie eda ml @d 7 17—Polyplax stephensi (Christophers & Newstead). From Gerbillus indicus (India). 1906. Hematopinus stephensi Christophers & New- stead, Rept. Thompson Yates Lab., Liverpool, Wolk /spios ple lt. 1909. Hematopinus (Polyplax) stephensi Neumann, mane, de-Par., Vol.) 13. pps 525-526, 1. 25. 1913. Hematopinus (Polyplax) stephensi Patton & Cragg, Med. Ent., pp. 550-551; pl. 68, f. 4-6. 18—Polyplax villosa Galli-Valerio. From Muicrotus nivalis (Europe). 1905. Polyplax villosa Galli-Valerio, Zool. Anz., Vol. 28, pp, o21-522. 1908. Polyplax villosa Dalla Torre, Gen Ins., Anopl., p. 14. Note: Probably not a valid species. 19—Polyplax wernert (Glinkiewicz). From Pachyuromys duprasi (Egypt). 1907. Eremophthirius wernert Glinkiewicz, Sitzb. d. Kaiserl. Ak. d. Wissen. Wien. Math. Natur. Klasse, Vol. 116, pp. 381-383. 1910. Hoplopleura ? wernert Mjoberg, Ark. f. Zool., Nolen nt, 1S! pe b64: Genus Scipio Cummings Cummings, Bul bate Res... Vol. 3; p: 393..( 1913); Ferris Ann. Durban Mus., Vol. 2 (in press). 178 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Proc. 4TH Ser. Antenne not differing in the sexes. Middle and posterior legs subequal in size, large and with pointed claws. Anterior legs small and slender with slender claw and, arising close be- side it, a curved, claw-like process. Abdomen large and soft, entirely without chitinized tergal and sternal plates except in the male, where these plates may be present as very narrow, transverse areas. Each segment with a single transverse row of spines. Pleurites present. Gonapods very short. Spiracles small. Male resembling female except for smaller size. Recorded only from Octodontide (Rodentia). Type of the genus, Scipio aulacodi (Neumann). 1—Scipio aulacodi (Neumann). Type from Thryonomys swinderianus (Africa). Also from Thryonomys sp. (Zulu- | land, South Africa). 1911. Hematopinus aulacodt Neumann, Arch. de Par., Vol. 14, pp. 403-406, f. 5-7. OGY Gao aulacodi Cummings, Bul. Ent. Res., van Oy DOs: 1916. Scipio aulacodi Ferris, Ann. Durban Mus., Vol. 2 (in press). ) 2—Scipio breviceps Ferris. From Thryonomys sp. (Zulu- land, South Africa). 1916. Scipio breviceps Ferris, Ann. Durban Mus., Vol. 2 (in press). Linognathine of Uncertain Position 1—Hematopimnus (Polyplax) precisus Neumann. From “gros Rats’ (Abyssinia). 1901. Hematopinus precitus (typographical error for preecisus) Neumann, Arch. de Par., Vol. 5, pp. 600-601. 1902. Hematopinus precisus Neumann, Ibid., Vol. 6, p. 144, fig. 1908. Polyplax ? precisus Dalla Torre, Gen. Ins., mop aioe als: 1909. Hematopinus (Polyplax) precisus Neumann, Arch, de Par. Vol.13,; pp: 523-524) 40 23: Note: This seems to include the male of one species and the female of another; it is probable that they belong to differ- ent genera. Vou. VI] FERRIS—ANOPLURA 179 2—Hematopinus (Linognathus) squamulatus Neumann. From unknown host (Dire-Daoua, Abyssinia). 1911. Hematopinus (Linognathus) squamulatus Neu- mann, Arch. de Par., Vol. 14, pp. 401-403; f. 1-4, Newer: Whisits neither Fl Benen nor Lino gnathus; it approaches Scipio in certain respects, but possibly represents an undescribed genus. . 3—Hemodipsus parvus Kellogg & Ferris. From Lagidium peruanum (Peru, South America). 1915. Hemodipsus parvus Kellogg & Ferris, Anopl. and Mall. of N. Am. Mam., pp. 30- SVAN f. 3 pli 2) ds A splAt. 6: Note: This may weeenle belong to Eulinognathus. T he species was described from immature specimens. | Subfamily Euhematopinine. Enderlein, Zool. Anz., Vol. 28, pp. 136, 138 (1904) ; Dalla Torre, Gen. Ins. Anopl., p. 15 (1908). Separated from the other subfamilies of the Hzematopin- idz only because of the three-segmented antennz. Genus Euhematopimus Osborn O-pom. els) ns) US) Dept, Aen) Div) But. p. 186 (1896) ; Enderlein, Zool. Anz., Vol. 28, pp. 136, 140 (1904) ; Dalla Torre, Gen. Ins., Anopl., p. 16 (1908) ; Kellogg & Fer- ris, Anopl. & Mall. of N. Am. Mam., pp. 46-47 (1915). Anterior and middle legs of nearly same size; posterior leg's much larger and heavier, with broad, heavy claw, and with a stalked, disk-shaped appendage on femur and tibia. No tergal and sternal plates. Pleural plates present. Type of the genus, Euhematopinus abnormis Osborn. , 1—Euhematopmus abnornis Osborn. From Scalopus aquaticus (Iowa, U. S. A.). 3 1896. Euhematopinus abnormis Osborn, Bul. 5, n. s., DS Dep aor Div Entdp: 187. 1908. Euhematopinus abnormis Dalla Torre, ‘Gen: Ins., Anopl., p. 16. 180 _ CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Proc. 47H Ser. 1915. Euhematopinus abnormis Kellogg & Ferris, Anopl. and Mall. of N. Am. Mam., pp. 47-48; tL Oleh ipl oe b O. Genus Hematopinoides Osborn. Osborn, ‘Bul.’7, 0) s., U.S. Dept. Agr, Div. ate (189k); Bul. 5, n.s., p. 187 (1896) ; Enderlein, Zool) tng Vol. 28, pp. 136, 140 (1904) ; Dalla Torre, Gen. Ins., Anopl., p. 15. (1908) ; Kellogg & Ferris, Anopl. and Mall. of N. Am. Mam., p. 46 (1915). Anterior and middle legs small, posterior legs much larger, without stalked, disk-shaped appendages on femur and tibia. Abdomen without chitinized tergal and sternal plates. Pleural — plates present. | Type of the genus, Hematopinoides squamosus Osborn. 1—Hematopinoides squamosus Osborn. From Geomys bur- sarius. (lowa, U.S. A.) 1891. Hematopinoides squamosus Osborn, Bul. 7, o,s., U.S. Dept. Agr., Div. Ent. p Zeya 1896. Hematopimoides squamosus Osborn, Bul. 5, n.s., U. S. Dept. Agr., Div. Ent: ppie7-iee: £./) 110: | 1908. Hematopimoides squamosus Dalla Torre, Gen. Ins., Anopl> p. 1s; 1915. Hematopinoides squamosus Kellogg & Ferris, Anopl. and Mall. of N. Am. Mam., pp. 46-47. Family Echinophthirude Echinophtlurude Enderlein, Zool. Anz., Vol. 28, pp. 136, 137 (1904) ; Ibid., Vol. 29, p. 661 (1906); Deut. Studpoiar Pxp.; Vol) 10) pp. 505-506" (1909) ; Walla Torre, Geayiiney Anopl., p. 17 (1908). Lepidophtlirvide (in part) Mjoberg, Ark. f. Zool., Vol. 6, pe tsa 1777,(1910): ) Antennz’ four- or five-segmented. Legs with a thumb-like process opposing the claw, the anterior pair small with slen- der claw, the other pairs extremely large with blunt, heavy claws. Abdomen without pleural, tergal or sternal plates. Vor. VI] FERRIS—ANOPLURA 181 Thorax and abdomen thickly beset with spines or with spines and delicate scales. Occurring only on marine mammals. Subfamily Echinophturune Enderlein, Deut. Siidpolar Exp., Vol. 10, p. 506 (1909). Antenne four-segmented. Abdomen thickly beset with spines but without scales. Genus Echinophthirius Giebel Giebel, Zeitschrift f. ges. Naturw., Vol. 37, p. 177 (1871) ; iaect, Wes)Ped), p. 656 (18380) ;, Dalla’ Torre; Gen. Ins., mauaple, p17 (1908); Enderlem, Zool:.Anz., Vol. 28; ps 137 (1904) ; Ibid., Vol. 29, p. 661 (1906) ; Deut. Siidpolar Exp., Rial LO: p. 507 (1909). Antennz four-segmented. Body without scales but thickly beset with stout spines. From Pinnipedia. Type of the genus Echinophthirius phoce (Lucas). 1—Echinophthirius groenlandicus (Becker). From Phoca groenlandica (Jan Mayen Island). 1886. Echinophthirius groenlandicus Becker, Oster- reichische Polarforschung, Vol. 3, Ins. von Jan Mayen, p. 60; pl. 5, f. 1-la. 1908. Echinophthirius groenlandicus Dalla Torre, Gen. Ins., Anopl., p. 17. 1909. Echinophthirius groenlandicus Enderlein, Deut. Sidpolar Exp., Vol. 10, p. 507. | 2—Echinophilirius phoce (Lucas). Type from (?) Phoca | vitulina (Europe). Also from P. groenlandica, P. varie- gata (Atlantic Ocean), “harbor seals” (Aquarium, New York City), and “see hunde” (Helgoland). 1834. Pediculus phoce Lucas, Mag. Zool. Ins., p. 121; pled. fl. } 1842. Hematopinus setosus Denny, Mon. Anopl., p. 36. 1857. Hematopinus annulatus Schilling, Arch. f. INatunceses Voli 23) pi 281. 182 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Proc. 47H SER 1874. Hematopmus setosus Giebel, Ins. Epizoa, pp. 42-43. 1880. LEchinophthirius setosus Piaget, Les Ped., pp. 656-658; pl. 54—, f. 1. 1896. Echinophthirius setosus Osborn, Bul. 5, n. s., Uns, Dept: Aer. Wiv. ats p. 133: 1904. LEchinophthirius phoce Pend erie) Zool. Anz, Moly ZS p36..." 1908. Echinophthirius phoce Dalla Torre, Gen. Ins., Anopl))p.. 17. 1909. Echinophthirius phoce Enderlein, Deut. Siid- polar Hcp.) Viol 10) ip 507: 1910. Echinophthirius phoce Mjoberg, Ark. f. Zool., Vol. 6; pt. 13) 9. 176. fal 1913. LEchinophitiurius phoce Evans, Proc. Roy. Phys. Soc:, Edinburgh) Vol: 19) p. 95) tg. 3—Echinophthirus sericeus Meinert. From Phoca sp. (Greenland). 1896. Echinophthirius sericeus Meinert, _Vedenska- belige Meddelelser, P. M77: 1908. Echinophthirius sericeus Dalla Torre, Gen. Ins., Anopli p(s: Subfamily Antarctophthirune Enderlein, Deut. Stidpolar Exp., Vol. 10, p. 506 (1909). Antennz four- or five-segmented. Thorax and abdomen beset with many stout spines and with delicate scales. Genus Antarctophthirus Enderlein Antarctophtlirus Enderlein, Zool. Anz., Vol. 29, p. 661 (1906); Deut. Sudpolar Exp.,,Vol. 10, p. 506 (1909); Walla Norce, (Gen) Ins.) Anopl.,p. 17, (1908); Kelloge) t) Hema. Anopl. and Mall. of N. Am. Mam., p. 48 (1915). Arctophthirus (in part) Mjoberg, Ark. f. Zool., Vol. 6, pt. 13, p. 178-179 (1910). Antennze five-segmented. Anterior legs and claws much smaller than the others, which are extraordinarily large and stout. No sternal plate. No pleural plates. Abdomen and Vou. VI] FERRIS—ANOPLURA 183° thorax beset with a great number of short stout spines and with extremely delicate scales. Spiracles small. From various marine Mammals. Type of the genus, Antarctophthirus ogmorhini Enderlein. 1—Antarctophthirus lobadontis Enderlein. From Lobodon carcmophagus. (Booth Wandel Is). 1909. Antarctophthirus lobodontis Enderlein, Deut. Sudpolar Exp., Vol. 10, pt. 4, p. 476. 2—Antarctophthirus michrochir (Trouessart & Neumann). From Phocarctos hooker (Auckland Island). Also from Zalophus californianus (California), (unpublished rec- ord): 1888. Echinophthirius michrochir Trouessart & Neu- mann, Le Naturaliste, Vol. 10, p. 80. 1908. Echinophthirius nuchrochir Dalla Torre, Gen. ine Anopl).. pi 172 1909. Antarctophthirus michrochy Enderlein, Deut. Sudpolan, Exp. Vole 10; pp, Sli-si2> £176; 177, 183, 184. 3—Antarctophthirus monachus Kellogg & Ferris. From “seal.” Locality unknown. 1915. Antarctophthirus monachus Kellogg & Ferris, Anopl. and Mall. of NN . Am. Mam., pp. 49-51; byte al Si mls te. 4—Antarctophthirus ogmorlint Enderlein. From Ogmo- rhinus leptonyx. (Victoria Land). 1902. Echinopththirius setosus Rothschild, Rept. Sou. Cross Exp., p. 224. 1906. Antarctophtlurus ogniorlimt Enderlein, Zool. Anza Vol: 29) p) 662, 5. 1-2. 1907. Antarctophthirus ogmorhin (in part) Neu- mann, Exp, Antare) Frane. Arth., p. 13. 1908. Antarctophthirus ogmorhini Dalla Torre, Gen. Ins., Anopl., p. 17. 1909. Antarctophthirus ogmorhimi Enderlein, Deut. Sadpolar, Exp.. Vol. 10, pp, 509-510, f 174, ASI USZ: 5—Antarctophihirus trichechi (Boheman). Type from Odo- benus rosmarus (Europe). Also from Odobenus obesus (Pacific Ocean). 184 ‘CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Proc. 4TH Ser. 1866. Hematopinus trichechi Boheman, Oefversigt af K. Vetenskaps-Akad. Forhandlingar, Vol. 22, 4 17 5 lO out a, 1880. Hematopinus irichechi Piaget, Les Ped., p. 656. 1908. Hematopimus trichechi Dalla Dorre Gen nee AnopL. yp. at: 1909. Antarctophthiris trichecht Neumann, Arch. de Par.) Voli 13) "pp, 532-557 S0- Sis 1909. Antarctophthirus trichecht Enderlein, Deut. Stidpolar Exp... Vol. 10, pp. 502. 512-5145 a 55-56. 1910. Arctophthirus trichechi Mjoberg, Ark. f. Zool., Vol. 6, pt. 13, pp. 178-180, f. 89-92. 1915. Antarctophtlirus trichecht Kellogg & Ferris, Anopl. and Mall. of N.Am. Mam., p)49scaa: t7 bs plus. tts Genus Lepidophtiurus Enderlein Bede enn Zool. Anz., Vol. 28, pp. 43,137 (1904) iota Voll 29), pool (1905); Dalla Porre,; Gen Ins, Anoplaan: 18 (1903). Enderlem, Deut Sudpolay aap, vob 10. pp. Sse 514 (1909). Antennz four-segmented. Spiracles present on both meso- and metathorax and on second to eighth abdominal segments. Anterior legs small, others very large. Thorax and abdomen beset with delicate scales and with many spines. Type of the genus Lepidophthirus macrorhint Enderlein. 1—Lepidophthirus macrorhint Enderlein. From Macrorhin- us leoninus (Kerguelen Island). 1904. Lepidophthirus macrorhini Enderlein, Zool. Anz., Vol. 28, pp. 46-47, i. 1-5. 1908. Lepidophthirus macrorhim Dalla Torre, Gen. ins} “Anopl ip. is: 1909. Lepidophthirus macrorhini Enderlein, Deut. Sudpolar |Exp., Vol) 10, pp. 515-516) eas SO) ti POO, OO: Family Hematomyzide Enderlein, Zool. Anz., Vol. 28, pp. 136, 137 (1904) ; Dalla Torre, Gen. Ins., Anopl., p. 19 (1908). Vo. VI] FERRIS—ANOPLURA — 185 Head much produced anteriorly with the mouth opening at the apex. Antennz five-segmented. Legs long and slen- der, of nearly equal size, without a thumb-like process opposing the claw. Genus Hematoniyzus Piaget Hematomyzus Piaget, Tijds. v. Ent., Vol. 12, p. 254 (1869) ; Giinther, Science Gossip, p. 278 (1871) ; Piaget, Les Bed p. 656 (1880); Enderlein, Zool. Anz, Vol. 28, p. 137 (1904); Dalla Vorre, ‘Gen. Ins. Anopl., p. 19 (1908). Idolocoris Walker & Richter, Science Gossip, pp. 131, 2A (1871): Phantasmocoris White, Science Gossip, pp. 234, 278 (1871). Head tubularly produced anteriorly, with the mouth open- ing at the apex. Antennz five-segmented. Legs long and slender, without a thumb-like process opposing the claw. Type of the genus, Hematomyzus elephantis Piaget. 1—Hematomyzus elephantis Piaget. From African elephant. 1869. Hematomyzus elephantis Piaget, Tijds. v. Ent., Vol.4) ser..2, pw, 2o4> pl. 2, t 1-14. 1871. Idolocoris elephantis Richter, Science Gossip, DackaZ th O77: 1871. Hematomyzus elephantis Newman, The Ento- mologist, Vol. 6, pp. 465-470, fig. 1880. Hematomyzus proboscideus Piaget, Les Ped., pp. 658-660; pl. 54, f. 2. 1908. Hematomyzus elephantis Dalla Torre, Gen. ins Anopl.. p: 19: | 1910. Hematomyzus proboscideus Mjoberg, Ark. f. Zoo, Vol 6; pt. 13; pps 1Si-083. £93. la—Hematomyzus elephantis var. sumatranus Fahrenholz. From Elephas indicus (Sumatra). 1910. Hematomyzus elephantis var. sumatranus Fah- frenuolz, Zoole Anz. Vol: 3; ps 714 1910. Hematomyzsus elephantis var. sumatranus Fah- renholz, Jahresb. d. Niedersach. Zool. Ver., Vol. 58-59, Abt. D, p. 67. 186 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Proc. 4TH SER HOST, Lis® OF 7 Es) ANOPEUIRA The arrangement of the orders is that adopted by Osborn in “The Age of Mammals” (1914). In each case the iurse name given is the correct name, as nearly as it has been pos- sible to establish it. The names in parentheses are synonyms that have been used in connection with discussions of the Ano- plura. Order INSECTIVORA Family TALPIDzE Scalopus aquaticus machrinus? (Scalops argentatus). Euhzmatopinus abnormis Osborn (Ames, Iowa, U. S. A.). Family SoRICcIDz Sorex araneus (Sorex vulgaris). Polyplax reclinatus (Burm.) (Europe). ?Hoplopleura acanthopus (Burm.) (Europe). Order CARNIVORA Suborder FissIPEDIA Family CANIDZ Canis familiaris (Domestic dog). : Linognathus piliferus (Burm.) (Cosmopolitan). Family MUusTELID# Wertet. | Linognathus piliferus (Burm.) (England). Suborder PINNIPEDIA Family ODOBZNIDE Odobznus rosmarus (Trichechus rosmarus, Walrus). Antarctophthirus trichechi (Boh.) (North Atlantic). Odobzenus obesus (Pacific Walrus). Antarctophthirus trichechi (Boh.) (North Pacific). Vou. VI] FERRIS—ANOPLURA 187 Family PHocip2 Phoca groenlandica. Echinophthirius groenlandica (Becker) (Jan Mayen Isl- and). Phoca variegata. Echinophthirius phoce (Lucas) (Europe). Phoca vitulina. Echinophthirius phoce (Lucas) (Europe). Phoca sp. Echinophthirius sericeus Meinert (Greenland). Macrorhinus leoninus. Lepidophthirus macrorhini End. (Victorialand). Lobodon carcinophaga. Antarctophthirus lobodontis End. (Booth Wandel Is.). Ogmorhinus leptonyx. Antarctophthirus ogmorhini End. (Kerguelen Is.). Family OTARuD# Phocarctos hookeri. Antarctophthirus microchir (Troues. & Neum.) (Auckland li Zalophus californianus. Antarctophthirus microchir (Troues. & Neum.) (Califor- nia). Of Uncertain Position )Elarbor Seal.”’ Echinophthirius phocz (Lucas) (Aquarium, New York City). Seales Antarctophthirus monachus Kellogg & Ferris (Locality unknown). “Seehunde.” Echinophthirius phoce (Lucas) (Helgoland). Order RODENTIA Suborder DUPLICIDENTATA Family Leporip#& Lepus californicus. : Heemodipsus ventricosus (Denny) (California, U. S. A.). 188 | CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Proc. 47H Ser. Lepus californicus deserticola. Hzmodipsus ventricosus (Denny) (Ehrenberg, Arizona, SA) ais Lepus campestris (Prairie lalate). Hzemodipsus ventricosus (Denny) (Ames, lowa, Us A.). Lepus europaeus occidentalis (Lepus europaeus). Heemodipsus lyriocephalus (Burm.) (Tyninghame, Scot- land). lsepus tiamidus, |) Heemodipsus ventricosus (Denny) (Europe). Hemodipsus lyriocephalus (Burm.) (Europe). Oryctolagus cuniculus (Kaninchen, Lepus cuniculus). Hemodipsus ventricosus (Denny) (Europe). “Domestic rabbit.” Heemodipsus ventricosus (Denny) (Europe, North Amer- ica). Suborder SIMPLICIDENTATA Family SciurRIpé Subfamily ARCTOMYINZ Ammospermophilus nelsoni. Enderleinellus suturalis (Osborn) (Bakersfield, Califor- mia Wi Se Callospermophilus chrysodeirus. Enderleinellus suturalis var. occidentalis K. & F. (South Yolla Bolly Mt. and Yosemite Valley, California, WS yA.): Citellus barrowensis ? (Spermophilus sp.). & Linognathoides montanus (Osborn) (Pt. Barrow, Alas- ka). Citellus beecheyi beecheyi (Citellus beecheyi douglas). Linognathoides montanus (Osborn) (Palo Alto, Califor- mia Wise Ae). Enderleinellus osborni K. & F. (Palo Alto, California, U. S.A). Citellus belding1. Enderleinellus suturalis (Osborn) (Yosemite Nat. Park, Caltrornia, (UW) S. 744): Linognathoides montanus (Osborn) (California, U.S. A.). Vor. VI] FERRIS—ANOPLURA 189 Citellus columbianus (Spermophilus columbianus). Linognathoides montanus (Osborn) (Pullman, Washing- tons UES.) Citellus douglasi (Citellus beecheyi douglasi). Enderleinellus osborni K. & F. (Cazadero, California, U. Selves Linognathoides montanus (Osborn) (Cazadero, California, OS. Ns) Citellus eversmanni (Spermophilus eversmanni). Linognathoides leviusculus (Grube) (Jakutsk, Siberia; Pitlekaj ). Citellus franklini (Spermophilus franklini). Enderleinellus suturalis (Osborn) (Ames, Iowa, U.S. A.). Citellus grammurus. Linognathoides montanus (Osborn) (Santa Catalina Mts., ENGizoOnas Ui: os 5). Citellus leptodactylus. Linognathoides citelli Cum. (Transcaspia). Citellus mexicanus ? Linognathoides montanus (Osborn) (Guanajuato, Mex- ico). Citellus mollis. Enderleinellus suturalis (Osborn) (Virginia Valley, Ne- yada, Wi S.A): Citellus oregonus. Enderleinellus suturalis (Osborn) (Pine Forest Mts., Ne- vada, US. Ay), Linognathoides montanus (Osborn). Citellus plesius ablusus. : . Linognathoides montanus (Osborn) (Prince William Sound, Alaska). Citellus townsendi. Ce Enderleinellus suturalis (Osborn) (Wallula, Washington, Wa Sy AD): Citellus tridecemlineatus (Spermophilus tridecemlineatus). Enderleinellus suturalis (Osborn) (Ames, Iowa, U. S. A.). Citellus sp. ? (“Rock Squirrel’). Linognathoides montanus (Osborn) (Boulder, Colorado, Leese Alyy 190 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Proc. 41H Ser. Citellus sp. ? (“Western Gray Squirrel’). Linognathoides montanus (Osborn) (Ft. Collins, Colo- radon S.A), Cynomys gunnisoni. Enderleinellus suturalis (Osborn) (Florissant, Colorado, Wi Sea). Cynomys leucurus. Enderleinellus suturalis (Osborn) (Routt County, Colora- don US AG): Marmota flaviventer sierre. Linognathoides montanus (Osborn) (California, U. S.- A) Marmota flaviventer ssp. ? Linognathoides montanus (Osborn) (Burns, Oregon, U. Se), Marmota pruinosa. Linognathoides sp. (North America). Xerospermophilus tereticaudus. Enderleinellus suturalis (Osborn) (Imperial County, Cal- mornmia: (a Sy iA): | Subfamily ScluRINz Sciurus arizonensis huachuca. Enderleinellus longiceps K. & F. (Huachuca Mts., Ari- Zoma, WS: A), Sciurus douglasi albolimbatus. Enderleinellus sphzrocephalus (Nitzsch) (Yosemite Nat. Bark California Ur SUN). Hoplopleura arboricoia K. & F. (Yosemite Nat. Park, Cal- Hormia WS. Al.) Neohzmatopinus antennatus var. semifasciatus Ferris (Yo- semute) Nat. Park Caliionnia,, Ui, SA.) : Sciurus douglasi mollipilosus. Hoplopleura arboricola K. & F. (Cazadero, California, U. Si) Neohzmatopinus antennatus var. semifasciatus Ferris (Cazadero; Calitomaa, Wi7S.A_): Vo. VI] FERRIS—ANOPLURA 191 Sciurus griseus griseus. Enderleinellus kelloggi Ferris (Mariposa County, Califor- rable OES siya) Hoplopleura arboricola K. & I’. (Mariposa County, Cali- oieiaulel. (We ysy. ae) | Neohzematopinus antennatus (Osborn) eae County, Galdtonmuay WS) AL). Sciurus griseus nigripes. Enderleinellus kelloggi Ferris a ong University, Cali- honda Wk) Sh eve). Hoplopleura arboricola K. & F. (Stanford University, Cal- MmonmiavUS. A): Sciurus hudsonicus petulans. Enderleinellus sphzrocephalus (Burm.) (Glacier Bay, Alaska). Sciurus hudsonicus vancouverensis. Enderleinellus sphzrocephaius (Burm.) (Kuiu Island, Alaska). Sciurus niger rufiventer (Sciurus cinereus ludovicianus). Enderleinellus longiceps K. & F. (De Kalb County, Indi- aia. USA): Neohzmatopinus antennatus (Osborn) (Ames, Iowa, U. So awe — Sciurus palmarum. Hoplopleura maniculata (Neum.) (Rajkote, India). Neohzematopinus echinatus (Neum.) (Rajkote, India). Sciurus vulgaris. Enderleinellus sphzrocephalus (Burm.) (Europe). Sciurus niger ? (Sciurus vulpinus). Neohzematopinus sciurinus (Mjoberg) (Zool. Mus. Ham- burg). | Sciurus niger rufiventer or S. carolinensis carolinensis (“‘West- em Gray Squirrel’). ee longiceps IK. & F. (Lincoln, Nebraska, U. See Tamias striatus. Hoplopleura arboricola K. & F. (Ames, Iowa, U. S. A.). Lloplopleura ermatica, (@sborn))) (==) arboricola K., & ae hone. Wr Sa), 192 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Proc. 4gH SER. Eutamias alpinus. Neohzematopinus pacificus K. & F. (Yosemite Nat. Park, California, UPS): Hoplopleura arboricola Kk. & F. (Yosemute Nat. Park, Cal- MOKitiaw WS VN Eutamias hindsi. Neohzmatopinus pacificus K. & F. (Marin County, Cali- forma We Sii es Eutamias merriami pricei ; Hoplopleura arboricola K. & F. (Stanford University, Cal- neo rearl,: WhYS. VAN). Eutamias speciosus frater. Hoplopleura arboricola K. & F. (Yosemite Nat. Park, Cal-. Thommiay U.S) A.) Neohzmatopinus pacificus K. & F. (Yosemite Nat. Park, Calitoniaia Wo iS.c\.)). Eutamias sonome. Neohzmatopinus pacificus K. & F. (Cazadero, Sonoma County, and Sanhedrin Mt., Mendocino County, Cali- fonmidy) Wi See) | Hoplopleura arboricola K. & F. (Cazadero, Sonoma Coun- ty, and Sanhedrin Mt., Mendocino County, California, RS A ye Eutamias townsendi ochrogenys. Hoplopleura arboricola K. & F. (Freestone and Cazadero, Senoma County, Calmornia, WS: 7X.) Neohzmatopinus pacificus K. & F. (Freestone and Caza- dero, Sonoma County, California, U. S. A.). Heliosciurus paliiatus. Neohzmatopinus heliosciuri1 Cumm. (Uchweni Forest, Witu, British East Africa). Subfamily XERINZ Xerus getulus. : Linognathoides pectinifer (Neum.) (Northern Africa). Family PETAURISTIDE Glaucomys sabrinus ssp. (Sciuropterus sp. ) Hoplopleura trispinosa K. & F. (Eureka, California, and Brownsville, Oregon, U. S. A.). Vor. VI] FERRIS—ANOPLURA 193 Glaucomys sabrinus lascivus. Enderleinellus uncinatus Ferris (Yosemite Nat. Park, Cal- NRO frig ORNS vena s Hoplopleura trispinosa K. & F. (Yosemite Nat. Park, Cal- iota Wi SoA) Neohzmatopinus sciuropteri (Osborn) (Yosemite Nat. Pane Galitormia, US Aa ye Glaucomys volans (Sciuropterus volucella, Pteromys volucella) Hoplopleura trispinosa K. & F. (Kensington, Maryland, ES Any | Hoplopleura erratica (Osborn) (== H. trispinosa Kk. & F. ?) Gliowarn US SA): Neohzmatopinus sciuropteri (Osborn) (Iowa, U. S. A.). Family HETEROMYID& Dipodomys desert. Fahrenholzia pinnata K. & F. (Mecca, Riverside County, Calitonnia iW. SAL): Dipodomys californicus. Fahrenholzia pinnata K. & F. (Covelo, California, U. S. At) 3 Dipodomys merriami. Fahrenholzia pinnata K. & F. (Inyo County, California, ye rSoae ye Microdipodops polionotus. Fahrenholzia pinnata K. & F. (Benton, Mono County, Cal- iformia, U.S. AL). Perognathus californicus. Fahrenholzia tribulosa Ferris (Mariposa County, Califor- Uitte MOS Nee Perognathus formosus. Fahrenholzia tribulosa Ferris (Victorville, California, U. SHA Perognathus parvus olivaceus. Fahrenholzia pinnata K. & F. (Pine Forest Mts., Nevada, Oe Sa Na) Perodipus sp. Fahrenholzia pinnata K. & F. (Coulterville, Mariposa County, California, U), S:A.) 194 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Proc. 4TH SER. Family GEoMYIDE Geomys bursarius. Heematopinoides squamosus Osborn (Ames, lowa, U. S. in). Family MuSCARDINID& Dryomys nitedula (Myoxus nitella). Polyplax pleurophea (Burm.) (Europe). - Family Muripa Subfamily Murinz Cricetulus phzus. Linognathoides citelli Cumm. (Transcaspia). Note: Cricetulus is probably not the normal host of this species. Mus musculus. Polyplax serrata (Burm.) (Europe). Hoplopleura acanthopus (Burm.) (Europe). Hoplopleura hesperomydis (Osborn) (California, U. S. A.). | Mus chrysophilus. Polyplax gracilis Fahr. (Mfongosi, Zululand, South Af- rica), . Mus coucha. Hoplopleura intermedia K. & F. (Mfongosi, Zululand, South Africa). Mus barbarus. Polyplax ? spiculifera (Gerv.) (Algiers). Apodemus agrarius (Mus agrarius). Polyplax affinis (Burm.) (Europe). Apodenius sylvaticus (Mus sylvaticus). Polyplax affinis (Burm.) (Europe). Polyplax spinulosa (Burm.) (Europe). Micromys minutus (Mus minutus). Hoplopleura longula (Neum.). Polyplax gracilis Fahr. (Europe). Epimys norvegicus (Mus norvegicus, Mus decumanus, Wan- derratte). Polyplax spinulosa (Burm.) (Cosmopolitan). Vor. VI] FERRIS—ANOPLURA 195 Epimys rattus (Mus rattus). Polyplax spinulosa (Burm.) (Cosmopolitan). Hoplopleura bidentata (Neum.) (Lake Torrens, Austra- hia) Epimys rattus alexandrinus (Mus alexandrinus). Polyplax spinulosa (Burm.). _Epimys surifer. Polyplax pectinata Cumm. (Biserat, Jalor, Malay Penin- sula). Acomys caharinus. Polyplax brachyrrhynchus Cumm. (Assiut, Egypt). Polyplax oxyrrhynchus Cumm. (Assiut, Egypt). Arvicanthis dorsalis. Hoplopleura enormis K. & F. Ge oieo Zululand, South Adrien). Dasymys incomtus Ferris. Polyplax cummingsi Ferris (Mfongosi, Zululand, South Africa). Saccostomus campestris. Polyplax jonesi K. & F. (Mfongosi, Zululand, South Af- rica). Subfamily GERBILLIN & Gerbillus indicus. Polyplax stephensi (Christ. & News.) (India). Meriones sp. Polyplax ? clavicornis (Nitzsch) (Abyssinia). - Pachyuromys duprasi. Polyplax werneri (Glink.) (Natrontal, Egypt). Subfamily OTOMYINE Otomys brantsi luteolus. Polyplax otomydis Cumm. (South African Museum, Cape Town). Otomys irroratus. Polyplax otornydis Cumm. (Mfongosi, Zululand, South Africa). Otomys irroratus tropicalis. Polyplax otonrydis Cumm. (Mt. Kenya, British East Af- rica), 196 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Proc. 4TH Ser. Subfamily MICROTINE Arvicola amphibius ( Paludicola amphibius). Polyplax spiniger (Burm.) (Europe). Dicrostonyx torquatus (Lemmus torquatus). Hoplopleura acanthopus (Burm.) (Pitlekaj). Lemmus obensis. Hoplopleura hispida (Grube) (Jakutsk, Siberia ). Microtus agrestis. Ploplopica: acanthopus (Burtn.) (Europe). Microtus arvalis. Hoplopleura acanthopus (Burm.) (Europe). Microtus californicus. Polyplax spinulosa (Burm.). Hoplopleura acanthopus var. americanus K. & F. Microtus mordax. Polyplax spinulosa (Burm.) (Tuolumne Meadows, Cali - LOmMlay osu) Microtus nivalis. Polyplax villosa Galli-Valerio (Switzerland). Microtus (Lagurus) intermedius. Hoplopleura acanthopus var. americanus K. & F. Polyplax spinulosa (Burm.) (Pine Forest Mts., Nevada, SUA): Microtus pennsylvanicus (Arvicola pennsylvanica). Hoplopleura erratica (Osborn). Microtus sp. (Arvicola sp.). Hoplopleura acanthopus var. americanus K. & F. (Ames, fowa, WS. Ac): Phenacomys longicaudus (Phenacomys sp.). Polyplax spinulosa (Burm.) (Mendocino City, California, WS Al): Subfamily CRICETINZ Holochilus squaniupes. (This is possibly Nectomys apicalis). Hoplopleura quadridentata Oca (Peru, South Amer- ica). Neotoma cinerea cinerea. Linognathoides inornatus kK. & F. (ceed: Nat. Park, Cahiiornia, UL S170). Vor. VI FERRIS—ANOPLURA 197 Neotoma cinerea occidentalis. Linognathoides inornatus K. & F. (South Yolla Bolly Mt., Tehama County, California, U.S. A.). Neotoma fuscipes streatori. ?Linognathoides inornatus K. & F. (Yosemite Nat. Park, Galitonniay Ui S) Ay): Nesoryzomys indefessus. - Hoplopleura quadridentata (Neum.) (Galapagos Is.). Nesoryzomys narboroughi. Hoplopleura quadridentata (Neum.) (Galapagos Is.). Peromyscus boylet. | Hoplopleura hesperomydis (Osborn) (Lakeport, Lake @ounty, Caliionnia, Us S: A.) 7 Peromyscus maniculatus rubidus. Hoplopleura hesperomydis (Osborn). Polyplax auricularis K. & F. (Marin County, California, Ss): Peromyscus maniculatus gambeli. Hoplopleura hesperomydis (Osborn). Polyplax auricularis K. & F. (Yosemite Nat. Park, Cali- | rommiay UW.) SicAn),. Peromyscus sitchensis prevostensis. Polyplax auricularis K. & F. (Forrester Is., Alaska). Onychomys leucogaster arcticeps. Hoplopleura hesperomydis (Osborn) (Colorado Springs, Colorado, Wy Si iA): Polyplax auricularis K. & F. (Colorado Springs, Colorado, Ue Syveune Onychomys torridus pulcher. Hoplopleura hesperomydis (Osborn) (Victorville, Califor- any Oy See) Polyplax auricularis K. & F. (Victorville, California, U. Sa Ae Sigmodon hispidus. Hoplopleura hirsuta Ferris (Raleigh, North Carolina, U. SHAD Sigmodon hispidus texianus. Hoplopleura hirsuta Ferris (Lakeport, Texas, U. S. A.). Sigmodon hispidus eremicus. | Hoplopleura hispidus Ferris (Sacaton, Arizona, U.S. A.). 198 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Proc. 4TH Ser. Muridz of Uncertain Position “Finer kleinen ratte mit sehr dicken, stachelartigen Haaren.” — Polyplax miacantha Speiser (Salomona, Abyssinia). “Gros Rats.” Polyplax ? precisa Neumann (Abyssinia). Family Dieopwa Dipus sp. Eulinognathus aculeatus (Neum.) (Tunis). Family PEDETIDz Pedetes caffer. | Eulinognathus denticulatus Cumm. (South Africa). Family OcTODONTIDZ Thryonomys swinderianus (Aulacodus swinderianus). Scipio aulacodi (Neum.) (Dahomey; Luangwa Valley, Northeastern Rhodesia, Africa). Thryonomys sp. Scipio aulacodi (Neum.) (Mfongosi, Zululand, South Af- rica). Scipio breviceps Ferris (Mfongosi, Zululand, South Af- rica). Family CHINCHILLIDE Lagidium peruanum. Hzmodipsus ? parvus Kellogg & Ferris (Peru, South America). Order TUBULIDENTATA Family ORYCTEROPODIDE Orycteropus afer. Hobophthirus notophallus (Neum.) (South Africa). Vor. VI] FERRIS—ANOPLURA 199 Order PRIMATES Family LAsiopyGIpz Lasiopyga mona (Cercopithecus mona). Pedicinus breviceps Piaget. Pithecus albibarbatus (Macacus silenus). Pedicinus breviceps Piaget (Zool. Mus. Hamburg). Pedicinus paralleliceps Mjoberg (Zool. Mus. Hamburg). Pithecus brevicaudus or P. rhesus (Macacus erythreeus). Phthirpedicinus piageti (Stroebelt). Pithecus nemestrinus (Inuus nemestrinus). Pedicinus eurygaster Gerv. Pithecus rhesus (Macacus rhesus). Pedicinus rhesi Fahr. Phthirpedicinus micropilosus Fahr. Pithecus sinicus (Inuus sinicus). Phthirpedicinus microps (Nitzsch). Pithecus irus (Cercopithecus cynomolgus). Pedicinus longiceps Piaget. Pithecus fascicularis (Macacus cynomolgus). Pedicinus eurygaster Burm. Pygathrix cristata (Semnopithecus prunosus). Pedicinus longiceps Piaget. Pygathrix aurata (Trachypithecus maurus). Hematopinus (Pedicinus or Phthirpedicinus) ? obtusus Rudow. Simia sylvanus (Inuus sylvanus). Heematopinus (Pedicinus or Phthirpedicinus) ? albidus Rudow. Family CEBIpZz Ateleus ater (Ateles ater). Pediculus capitis De Geer. Ateleus paniscus (Ateles pentadactylus). Pediculus consobrinus Piaget. Cebus fatuellus. Pediculus capitis (De Geer) (Rio de Janeiro, South Amer- ica). Cebus sp. Pediculus capitis (De Geer). 200 | CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Proc. 4TH Ser. Ateleus pan (Ateles rellerosus). Pediculus lobatus Fahr. (Berlin Mus.). Family HyLopatTipz Hylobates concolor (Hylobates miulleri). Pediculus oblongus Fahr. Symphalangus syndactylus (Hylobates syndactylus). Pediculus oblongus Fahr. Family PoncIpDz ' Pan sp. (Simia troglodytes). Pediculus schaffi Fahr. Family HoMINIDzA Homo sapiens. Pediculus capitis De Geer. Pediculus corporis De Geer. Phthirus pubis Linnzeus. Primates of Uncertain Position Cercopithecus sp. Pedicinus breviceps Piaget (Zool. Mus. Hamburg). Ateles ape? Pediculus mjébergi K. & F. (Traveling menagerie, Eu- rope). Hamadryas sp. (perhaps a Papio). Pedicinus hamadryas. Host entirely unknown but undoubtedly a Primate. Pedicinus ? graciliceps Piaget. Order ARTIODACTYIA Family SuIDz Phachochoerus zthiopicus. Heematopinus phachochoeri Bnd, (Nyasa Land, Africa). Phachochoerus oeliani massaicus. Hzmatopinus phachochoeri End. (Africa). Vor. VII FERRIS—ANOPLURA 201 Phachochoerus sp. Hematopinus phachochoeri End. (Africa). Potomochoerus affinis nyasz. Hematopinus phachochoeri End. (Gerinan East Africa). Potomachoerus africanus. Hematopinus phachochoeri End. (Africa). Potomachoerus choerapotamus. Hematopinus phachochoeri End. (Zululand, South Af- ica, )e Sus scrofa domestica. Hezematopinus suis L. (Cosmopolitan). Sus vittatus. Heematopinus suis adventicius Neum. (East Indies). Family CAMELIDE Auchenia huanaca (Llama). Linognathus prelongiceps (Neum.) (South America). Camelus dromedarius. Heematopinus tuberculatus (Burm.) (Australia, imported from India). Camelus bactrianus. Hzematopinus tuberculatus (Burm. ) African camels. Hzematopinus tuberculatus (Burm.) (Cairo, Egypt). Family GIRAFFIDE erclapardalis giraffa. Linognathus brevicornis (Giebel) (Africa). Family CERVIDZ Cervus elaphus. Cervophthirius crassicornis ( Nitzsch) (Staaae), Cervus unicolor. Hzematopinus longus Neum. (Nepaul, India). Odocoileus columbianus. Cervophthirius crassicornis (Nitzsch) (Laytonville, Cali- | fornia, Us Si Avy: Rangifer tarandus. Cervophthirius tarandi Mjob. (Sweden). Cearrus-Hirsch. ? Linognathus breviceps (Piaget) (Guatemala). 202 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Proc. 4TH Ser. Family Bovipz Subfamily CEPHALOPHINE Cephalophus maxwelli. Linognathus breviceps (Piaget). Cephalophus natalensis. Linognathus angulatus (Piaget) (Mfongosi, Zululand, S. Africa). Cephalophus nigrifrons. Linognathus angulatus (Piaget). Cephalophus sp. Linognathus angulatus (Piaget) (Zool. Mus. Hamburg). Subfamily CERVICAPRIN © Cervicapra arundinum. Linognathus fahrenholzi Paine (Nyassa Land, Africa). Cervicapra fulvorufula. Linognathus fahrenholzi Paine (Mfongosi, Zululand, South Africa). Subfamily ANTILOPINZ Antilope cervicapra. Linognathus tibialis var. cervicaprz (Lucas). Antilope euchore. Linognathus tibialis var. euchore Wat. (South African Mu- seum, Cape Town). © | Antilope maori. Linognathus tibialis (Piaget) (Zoological Garden, Rotter- dam). Antilope rupicapre. Linognathus stenopsis (Burm. ). Antilope sp. Linognathus tibialis var. antennatus (Piaget). Gazella subgutturosa (Antilope subgutturosa). Linognathus tibialis var. appendiculatus (Piaget) (Zoologi- cal Garden, Rotterdam). Gazelle. Linognathus gazelila Mjoberg (Zool. Mus. Hamburg). Vor. VI] FERRIS—ANOPLURA 203 Subfamily TRAGELAPHIN& Taurotragus oryx. Hematopinus taurotragi Cumm. (Menagerie in England). Limnotragus gratus. Linognathus limnotragi Cumm.- (Zool. Garden, London, from Congo). Subfamily RUPICAPRINZ Rupicapra rupicapra (Gemse). Linognathus rupicapre (Rudow) (Europe). Subfamily CAPRINZz Capra ibex. Linognathus forficulus (Rudow) (Europe). Capra zgyptica (Name does not appear in any lists, is possibiy C. egagrus). | Linognathus stenopsis (Burm.). Capra hircus. Linognathus stenopsis (Burm.). “Mexican Goat.” Linognathus stenopsis (Burm.) (San Diego, California, WSs A Ovis aries. Linognathus ovillus (Neum.) (Scotland and New Zea- land). , Linognathus pedalis (Osborn) (Minnesota, Iowa, Nevada, a Sa): Sheep. Linognathus stenopsis (Burm.) (Abeokuta, Southern Ni- geria, Africa). Subfamily Bovina Bos taurus. Hematopinus eurysternus (Nitzsch) (Cosmopolitan). Linognathus vituli (L.) (Cosmopolitan). Bos grunniens. Heematopinus punctatus Rudow. 204 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Proc. 4TH Ser. Bos caffer (Buffelus caffer). Hzematopinus bufali (De Geer) (Ajrica). Bison bison. Heematopinus tuberculatus (Burm.) (North America). “Common Buffalo.” Heematopinus tuberculatus (Burm.) (Vienna). “Buffalo of India, Tonkin, Sumatra and Rumania.” Heematopinus tuberculatus (Burm.). Order PERISSODACTYLA Equus caballus (Domestic horse). Hematopinus asini (L.) (Cosmopolitan). Equus asinus (Ass). Heematopinus asini (L.). Equus burchelli. Heematopinus asini (L.) (cau Africa). Order PROBOSCIDEA Family ELEPHANTID Elephas indicus. Hematomyzus elephantis var. sumatranus Fahr. (Su- matra). Loxodonta africana (Elephas eo Hzmatomyzus elephantis Piaget. . Order HYRACOIDEA Family PROCAVIIDE Procavia capensis (Hyrax capensis). Linognathus caviz-capensis (Pallas) (South Africa). Procavia syriaca (Hyrax syriacus). Linognathus leptocephalus (Ehrenb.) (Syria). Host Unknown Hematopinus (Linognathus) ? squamulatus Neum. (Diri- Daoua, Abyssinia). Vor. VI] FERRIS—ANOPLURA 205 iv E EIN DIX Since the preceding pages were sent to press the author has received from Mr. Bruce Cummings, of the British Museum, and Mr. James Waterston, of the Imperial Bureau of Ento- mology, certain notes which are here appended. To both these gentlemen thanks are due. The addition of these notes makes the Catalogue complete to April 1, 1916. Linognathus microcephalus (Garnett). From domestic sheep (New Zealand). Note: “This is in my opinion the same as Linognathus pedalis (Osb.)”’ (Waterston). 1915. Hematopinus microcephalus Garnett, Jour. Comp. Pathology and Therapeutics, pp. 2-3, 3 figs. Linognathus pithodes Cummings. From Antilope cervicapra (Zool. Garden, London). 1916. Linognathus pithodes Cummings, Proc. Zool. Soc., London (March, 1916). Hoplopleura pectinata (Cummings). Note: “Polyplax pectinata Cum., is a Hoplopleura”’ (Cummings). Echinophthirius horridus (Olfers). 1816. Pediculus horridus Olfers, De Vegatativis et Animalis. Note: “Echinophthirius phoce EES, equals E. hor- ridus (Olfers)” (Cummings). Hoplopleura bidentata (Neum.). From Hydromys chryso- gaster; not from Epimys rattus (Harrison). Linognathus setosus (Olfers). 1816. Pediculus setosus Olfers, De Vegetativis et An- imalis. Note: “Linognathus piliferus (Burm.) equals Pedic- ulus setosus Olfers” (Harrison). 206 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Proc. 4TH Ser. INDEX TO ANOPLURA abnormis, Euhematopinus ... Acanthopinus antennatus SCIUTINUS acanthopus, Hematopinus.... ELOPLOPLEURG 2 -. 196, Pediculus TPOWVPUD GE ete tee aia aculeatus, Eulinognathus .168, Hematopinus Polyplax adventicius, Hematopinus .146, affinis, Hematopinus......... Pediculus OLY PIO Nittany N72; africanus, Linognathus....... albidus, Hematopinus....141, americanus, Hoplopleura. .154, eoceece ee ee eB © oO 8 ececovre*eet® eevee angulatus, Linognathus.. .160, annulatus, Hematopinus...... ANarclophihiyuUne, 90). Antaurctophihirus ............ Antarctophthirus lobodontts.. ST ATR ACA ats aR a 182, MACKOONIR) 2S 183, MONACNUS 2.2.20... .- 183, OLMOTWANE 183, HEL CAG V MG oes bee NE 183, antennata, Polyplax.......... antennatus, Acanthopinus.... Hematopinus ........ 165, Linognathus ..... GS, Neohematopinus .....169, appendiculatus, see Liaenagin. Tees 165, arboricola, Hoplopleura...... La EK le 154, 190, 191, VAR CTOPWUNITUS oo) c oA S Vala KACO I Se A I Se MEN Ble asim, Hematopinus...... 142, ECOUCUTUS. 6 oR rae aulacodi, Hematopinus......- ISCUPLON eats A mcnun nine 178, auricularis, Polyplax..... WZ: bicolor, Hematopinus........ bidentata, Hoplopleura...154, SOU QOL BUCA OLY AACE bidentatus, Hematopinus..... brachyrrhynchus, Polyplax... breviceps, HEP NAINA Se ate RTS, 160, 201, ect eer eee eee ew eeceeceeeeec ee es ee breviceps, Pedicinus......139, 199 SUDO oo a ar ee 178, 198 brevicorms, Hematopinus.... 161 Linognathus ..... ~/2 o hOd Eee Tricnaulus. oa ee 161 bufali, Hematopinus...... 143, 204 PeGiCuUlus 2). say ee 143 cameli, Hematopinus........ 147 Pedicilus ee ee ee 147 canis familiaris, Pediculus.... 163 capillatus, Solenopotes....... 167 capitis, Pediculus..... >... 36; 200 cavie-capensis, Linognathus.. SAR een eee 161, 204 Peds cules) oN OO ae aie 161 cervicalis, Pediculus......... 136 cervicapre, Hematopinus.... 166 Linognathus ......... 165, 202 Cervophthirius ......6..0000. 167 CVASSICOYIUS 6s oa 167, 201 LAVANGD. 3. al RO 168, 201 citelli, Linognathoides... “158, 189 clavicornis, Hematopinus.... 172 Pedicilus: 50 ia 172 Polyplag 0 ee 172, 195 colorata, Hematopinus....... 143 columbiana, Polyplax......... 159 columbianus, Hematopinus... 159 Linognathoides ......... 59 consobrinus, Pediculus....136, 199 corporis, Pediculus....... 137, 200 crassicorms, Cervophthirius... APR epee laa at 167, 201 Hematopinus ........... 167 PediculUs \iiigk Bate 167 cummingsi, Polyplax..... 172, 195 denticulatus, Eulinognathus.. . CA UY Gur GU AS ARG Det 168, 198 Pedieulus. 08 eee 176 echinata, Polyplax..... Bees 170 echinatus, CrOR ES Huis: 170 Neohematopinus ....170, a Echinophthirude ..... eS Echinophthirune ............ iat Echinophtharius .........2.-- 181 groenlandicus ......> 181, 187 ROvHidus 205 MAVCKOCIITN sae ot ahead 183 PHOCOE Hs Loe ae 181, 187 S€ViCeUs ..... ian bee 187, 205 SCEOSUS MUN ETS soe 183 elephantis, Hematomyzus 185, 204 PAOLOCOTES) Mie eRe 185 Vor. VI] Eydenlemellus ). 2.5. foe. eek CLIO GR aly ines alate tie! 148, LOUSICEDS) Ny). dk. 148, 190, OGCIGEH LOUIS) ie a uses 6 150, DSUOTHUN ES Oe icee oh 5 148, 188, spherocephalus ..148, 190, suturalis ....149, 188, 189, WECTHUGENS: Oi ie UL 150, enormis, Hoplopleura.....154, equi, Hematopinus........... ECMO PWENATAUS) ilo cic 6 hls 6 eke ON AG OA INE RETA aN RN ad erratica, Hoplopleura......... AO USE 155, 191, 193, ETOU SPUN aN MEE Re ae k La erraticus, Hematopinus...... Euhematopinine ............ PUNEIMNALOPINUS oo. oe os ODWOGMES sl a 179, EM WOPHOBIUS. 0) se 6a) le ese one GECMLC ATS Tee aL, 168, GEnUCulatUs, 0.55... 4. 168, CUT NGOUSLCT, Peducinus.$ Joo... BMI Ob ONS 139, 140, MZ COVCULUS, | ey sie 139, eee ese ee ee fahrenhola, Linognathus. .161, PAINE RIVONZIG | SUNN ee FELT OS £001 A a ae OM vA 150, LDOULOSA, saowe os ain 151, jlavidus, Pediculus........... forficulus, Hematopinus..161, Linognathus ......... 161, gazella, Linognathus...... 162, graciliceps, Pedicinus..... 141, POEMS, ) POW PAG Os. 172, groenlandicus, Echinophthirius ila Pi ag PA EECA 181, TAC MALOMYZIAE) oe a TLE UGLOMYEUS OA I By CLGPRAITIS! Wein es aie 185, PROOOSERU CUS hu ue. SUMALTANUS ....+..... 185, UCIT O PIWta | Wn oe) ee HACTHALOPINING Ooo oa. TA CMALOPINOI eS 5 bn SQUDMVOSUS valve ise) a 180, UNCIMALO PUSS) co vewiae ae” DEANE OPUS OOo MO CNA CRD ISS USNR MERU A tn MEUCHCTUUS Vik Wein 146, TOES OR Nee de: bene e BE DUDUS so 141, FERRIS—ANOPLURA Hematopinus annulatus...... 181 QNtENNAIUS 2. 165, 169 appendiculatus 0.5 .5..2 165 (SISTA RE SI AIL A RU 142, 204 GUIGCOM DOs) WA ins 178 BEGOLOP ON OL CON Eee aN i 163 DUGCHIGHUS NN ee Mia 154 OUETICEP SE Whee cea 160 DU GUICOTMIS PAs clontege. 161 DL ONG BAAD Lae sae ca 143, 204 COMIU TIN WOR MUNI Ay siecle 147 COV QVCO PIG Menor iN aie 166 CLAUUGOTAVIS RU 172 COLOEDLGU ONION pay 143 GOWMDIGNWS |) OO oo a 159 CHESSUCOVNUS cle ee ae 167 COINAGE Se reeves 170 ER UVCWSI YS Nera sha a 155 COMI ANSP eM uaiene ey auty pee Aa 143 CHIN STCTMWS VE Nn cia 144, 203 OVALGIOIIUS een UM MnSCN Ed 161 hesperomydis ........... 155 WIS PLAUS T cS uMe Ie Aun, 156 MPUCUSIES PAIN O RMT Lis e hene Ss int 145 WE DUUSCUUUS Actaris si kee 158 LESAN RRC oA CRN EO) ae 145 leptocephalus ........ 161, 162 VEU COPMCU SN ee Uk sou 174 POCA S EI etna Nie 144, 201 VOR SUTUS HMB Eee t ee 156 lyrtocepwalus. sco). k 58. 151 macrocephalus .......... 143 WOICULGIWS, os cee... 156 VEOWEOTILSS oe eI Ln a 159 AVOTODIVOTIUS: OES ele aie ays 157, DIDIREI SEIS MEE aM 141, 199 OUULOUINUS Neila ead ae 144 OLULUSON ae ise 162 TREO CAME AOR RIE REY 163 DEO GH S hires aN MAM Sta ivan 162 DETUSHUCTUSH hehe wiser e 145 PUM RCTAUS Oia apc eevee 163 phachochoeri ....145, 200, 201 PRECUSUIS Ls Wiha ea says 178, 198 PIETLOD SUS Me ey cles 143 DUGNOMOIGEPS (eee ala an 5 a 164 PUILCHOUWS) Vv sins wos oe: 145, 203 quadridentatus .......... 157 TOC MUL UUS ROO LE Te oie) diately 174 TUPICADT Een canes ce Ss 165 SOCCULUSN Kw Wate ho ladaer et 164 SCUMMOP LOUD Wi i wa sire a 171 SOIHUEUS Weta ie ohare cae 175 SOLO SIESTA MN iM ne Heda 181, 159 spherocephalus ......... 149 SAICUURGIM GS sue e a wleice ie 175 SPANUTEN OG MAR is ee 175, 176 SPONMIOSUS) Noor eR 176 208 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES Hematopinus sonaentlalus 179, 204 SECNOPSISMI ae deine neu 164 SLEPILENSE NG oP ne ee eee 177 RAE TS Mb MRT a) LE Pe 145, 201 SHLUMOLIS Uy eA elena ana 149 LOUPOU AST 2 cs cea 146, 203 ECMUILOSENUS, Suis Hae ee 166 LI DUCIUS NE WR Dost naaMnoN DS 165 LTUCHE CIT hae Ma eens eget ol 184 tuberculatus.145, 146, 201, 204 ALLUS WWvenn egeNer as HEN Ree) 145 CEMUMCOSUSH lee ciae eb Aan: 152 BA) HO MI UN Ga pa 166 Hemodipsus ....... aT NUN SH lyriocephalus ..:..... 151, 188 POFUUS NGL 174, 198 VENITICOSUS ..... 153, 187, 188 hamadryas, Pedicinus..... 139, 200 hehosciurt, Neohematopinus.. ANGE ERE AL CT CTI Na 170, 192 hesperomydis, Hematopinus.. 155 Hoplopleura ......... 155, 194 VLOG ALO UN EN MND eta 155 hirsuta, Hoplopleura.....-155, 197 hispida, Hoplopleura..... 156, 196 hispidus, Hematopinus....... 156 PCULCIEIES) NOON |: eae NO 156 VLOPIODICUTAN Aho oa eae 153 DCOMEMO PUSS Ne 153, 196 QMEVICONUS .........- 154, 196 arboricola. ..154, 190, 191, 192 bidentaj ....... 154, 195, 205 CHOKIMIUS Se ake araae 154, 195 CHS OUCH Ae: 155, 191, 193, 196 hesperomydis ........ 155, 194 [BME SNAEAN Cea N by MAN 155, 197 PUSPUben.. ere ee icvsieen 156, 196 mtermedia .......... 156, 194 BAGH ARO AONE OTe Nee ai is 156 POMS RA are seve Las 156, 194 maniculata .......... 156, 191 PEC OLE. Nie sie ei el 205 quadridentata ...157, 196, 197 FECAL ie Cantuel poe ue 175 LLUSPUNOSEN Ni cies 157; 192. 193 MELILE NUN HN cia nee) TN 177 humanus, Pediculus...... Sowa Hybophthirus ........ NC 157 notophallus .......... 157, 198 OFICLENOPOt s,s Maken 157 MAOLOCONUS Wise NGI ea 185 elephantis ........ Se ate 185 incisus, Hematopinus........ 145 inguinahs, Phthirius......... 138 EH TPES Ve rere easy Lik 138 [Proc. 4TH Ser. intermedia, Hoplopleura-.156, 194 1SOPUS, Pediculus.. 2. fee 163 jonesi, Polyplax.......... 173, 195 kelloggi, Enderleinellus...148, 191 leviusculus, Hematopinus.... 158 Linognathoides ...... 158, 189 Pediculis iia seo. ener -./ 158 Polyplax sik en 158 latus, Hematopinus.........+ 145 Lepidophthiriide) 2.2) Si anaee 180 Lepidopithavus) ic, ese 184 MOACVOTNING 22.0... 00. 184, 187 leptocephalus, Hematopimus ‘ J eiteh Wattles ee eee N62 Linognathus 9. eee 162, 204 RPediculus: ). cee fas LOZ leucopheus, Hema 174 limnotragi, Linognathus. 162, 203 lineata, Hoplopleura......... 156 Lanognathoides)) .5... eee 158 CECI aetna 158, 189, 194 COLMMDIGNUS 2 a ee 159 ANWOVMOLUS (oe Me 158, 196 leviusculus 3.020 158, 189 montanus...159, 188, 189, 190 PECLING CR 0 i eee 159, 192 SPETMOPHI 2 eee 158 SELOSUS) OO NO ae 159 Lino snathine 0. pee 147 LAnognathus. 2.4 eee 159 ATICANUS. 2.5. eee 165 ONEWIGIUS Vea eee 160, 202 antennatus -......... 165, 202 appendiculatus ....... 165, 202 DYEVICEPS ....... 160, 201, 202 DYETVCOTMAS 27. e lee 16%; 202 CAVI@-CAPeNSIS ....... 161, 204 \CONTUCE PG ive Sra 165, 202 CUCN OVE: Vineet ne een 165, 202 FONTENIOTE ln yas ee 161, 202 fOVMCULUESN Yen kA UnE nom 161, 203 Osea \hiico eee emaene 162, 202 leptocepnalus) sos c. 162, 204 lomnotragt oh... e= eas 162, 203 OUULNS cries nee ued 162, 203 PECs) hae ann nee 162, 203 PULL CVUS A) Nels) oenieetetne 163, 186 PFELONEICEPS) 2 see 164 FUPUCUPV sae 165, 203 SCCCOLUS Oe eae 165 SCLOSUS \ OAL ee ne ee 159 squamulatus ........+ 179, 204 SEENOPSUS anu 164, 202, 203 HOVaLIS 620 Cle ee nee 165, 202 UNGULALUS. Ce i See cua on 160 QUEL LNs ine een a) 166, 203 lobatus, Pediculus........137, 200 Vor. VI] lobodontis, Antarctophthirus.. SR BRACE i ees 48, 190, IPCURCINES oi oles s 139, longula, Hoplopleura..... 156, LAY Te ie longulus, Hematopinus....... longus, Hematopinus..... 144, lyriocephalus, Hematopinus.. Hemodipsus ........ 5k PACHIESIAES ToS 02 Sola. 28 PAAEUPRPty | ots Suh yet er ee macrocephalus, Hematopinus. COIS 558) aig has is macrorhini, Lepidophthirus.. ee artes N'2 ged eek ete 184, maniculata, Hoplopleura. 156, Polyplax eae eS ee ea maniculatus, Hematopinus... miacantha, Polyplax...... 172, microchir, Antarctophthirus. . Re tad 5 ays thie 183, Echinophthirius ......... microptlosus, Phthirpedicinus cos BAS 3 ea a eee 140, microps, 2 140, mjobergi, Pediculus....... 136, monachus, Antarctophthirus.. moniana, Polyplax........... montanus, Hematopinus..... Linognathoides ......... LS Se tse 159, 188, 189 Neohematopinus ............ Gniemnatius 16.62 o. 2. 169, BATT TRS eee 170, helioséwirt 2.225. .5-% 170, POGNECUS 36) 2 oye 62s 170, IBEGENETIAEG N's coe 8 a 170, seaapopiert. 026.0255 170, semifasciatus ........ 169, notophallus, Hematopinus.... Hybophthirus ....... 157. oblongus, Pediculus....... 137, obtusus, Hematopinus.... Hs occidentalis, Enderleinellus.. ogmorhim, Antarctoph thirus. orycteropodi, Hybophthirus... osborm, Enderleinellus....... otomydis, Polyplar. oviformis, Hematopinus.. Ris). FERRIS—ANOPLURA ovillus, Hematopinus........ Emocnathus 2. oS: 162, ovis, Hematopinus........... oxyrrhynchus, Pediculus..... Palen As Sikes oo 174, pacificus, Neohematopinus.. Bae Na APRA N Je aap eM 170, paralleliceps, Pedicinus. 140, parvus, Hemodipsus...... 179, pectinata, Hoplopleura....... Potyplani 5 2205 hs sos 174, pectinifer, Hematopinus...... Linognathoides ...-.. 159, POR EEE A ee ee S555. pedalis, Hematopinus........ EAMG EMGINUS 2. 2. 162, VAM S mise ll oan POULIN E Ni Ee OS | eB PICAICUNUS tres 2) eek ca es te GY CUICEP Sie P/F ee Laie 139, eurygaster....... 139, 140, SV ACHNCEPS. 2 ciate Sak 141, hamuadryas.o0. 225%. 139, LONETCOPS Aas cat 139, parallelkiceps: 2s 140, pict Ueee | ape A EARN Me a PANE SE a PAS a eC | 140, ges 5111 (71 11 a GRAS he rt PEN ea EU ee 17 aM a pee ee PNGARCUMES Fee tnt a Siar i 2 ik AEUMINO PES DO hee. AMER URGE ge RES Eiht 136, ‘Era t ste RMS eh ED Oa EET ds age A eR tSE A ot cams famtltaris.......... GRPETI SI yatta yore he ee 136, CAVIC-COPENSHS 2.2.2... COR TACMIEGS ALANS FRINTON EMAMCOTNIS PF Ol lc consobrinus ........- 136, UP ORES fie oh let a 13% EXASSICOWMAS bo Pk! 2 2 denticulatas 21.22.2525. CUP EUSTON eos Se we 139, COP YSECIMBS SS FES eo ae FIGHIGUG RSS ae WSPIAUS ae Bas a hes VWMNGMUS 2 oe ee we 136, ESOPESH So eye eh Seat hemusculus) <3 o5 008262 4: leptocephalus .........+.. LGDETES Phos as se ae Sse 137, POFICOPS a hariases fais dite: ale lyxtocephalus. 023 ve... ..5 macrocephalus -...:..... HAAVCE IE.) a1 b ood: 136, OBIONEUS: (5/53) 137, 210 Pediculus oxyrrhynchus... phoce piliferus pleuropheus phihiriopsis punctatus reclinatus saccatus ‘schatii schistopygus Serratus Spherocephalus spiculifer spiniger spinulosus Stenopsis SUIS tabescentium tenutrostris tuberculatus UrLUs vestimenti vitulr eereereere ee ese es * elle) is °' le © © e! [e 1.0) =) s\\e le) w\lelle\le itm) | Bjeie) (s\ whe. isi/a) te yellini fe wilehelioieoello eieiiedeials. elallelieliel'e) \°) tele, valves) siie ery @ fe:lei\a)|s/e\le) aie leie\ialve pile telielisiis eileen Mealichtelte ieliehie sitet? ll wtie\/o;te Wel wrievelieh'e nike! \elleiiel/a ke} .eejjor) a SOaGestch Oona Dec Gib erietelelie)\e)(e).e\ke)/elevleiie)/efeiieke an! sy? lovele}enn Sp ONO NON OVO NEO AO MOP O CON OKO SeONCCnONCNC ECC RCE CHT fo felleneije evel yelieltelle eecesree eee ete ee eaes ere r esse ee ee penicillatus, Hematopinus.... peristictus, Hematopinus..... phachochoeri, Hemaiopinus.. SSA) MONE, A 145, 200, Phantasmocoris bhoce, Echino plas: Pediculus 161, phthiriopsis, Hemato ane Ue Pediculus Phthirius inguinalis pubis Phthirpedicinus micropilosus microps piagett Phithirus inguinalis pubis piagett, Phthirpedicinus eoer see we ee FP wwe cece eee ee ee ee ee oe eecee piliferus, Hematopinus.... Linognathus Pediculus Trichaulus pinnata, Fahrenholzia..... eceoeoe eee se eee cece oceeoe see we ee ee eet eee ee ese CEC OM ONO ONOA OT pO eine ICH eooeee ee % © eo ecec ees ee eee PeQicinus 0 eee eee eececereeec eee ee eee pithodes, Linognathus..... sake pleurophea, Polyplax..... pleuropheus, Pediculus.... Polyplax acanthopus aculeatus affinis antennata auricularis 2) 6) Pm eo. eB) ov) oeoeoer eee se Foe ere CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES Polyplax bidentata........... 154 brachyrrhynchus .....172, 195 clavicormis .......... 172, 195 columbiana ............. 159 CUMMINGS? ..+....... 172, 195 COMMNGIG) Li) es ee .. 170 COEGICE Sis. i). 155 BTECUUS AE ea ee 173, “194 hesperomydis ..........: 155 WASPUdG: oo oc eee 156 JOnNESt ..... Hg errpale ye 173, 195 leviuscula 02... cl cee ee 158 longula: |. 33Gb a 4a ee 156 lyriocephala .\..... ene. 152 maniculata ae 156 miacantha ........... 173, 198 MONLGHG 500) eee 159 otomydis .........04. 173, 195 oxyrrhynchus ........ 174, 195. Pectinata oe 174, 195, 205 pbleurophea .......... 74, 194 quadridentata, Hoplopleura... SOIR aks S| 56, 196, 197 Poly pla) Geter eee 157 quadridentatus, Hematopinus 157 veclinata, Hoplopleura........ 175 Polyplagi 2 eee 174, 186 reclinatus, Hematopinus..... 174 Pediculus io ee 174 rhesi, Pedicimus.........+ 140, 199 rupicapre, Hematopinus..... 165 Linognathus ........ 165, 203 SCUBUG ele ie eee 177 GULECOGE ho Ueto 178, 198 DYEULCEPS) iis ce eee 178, 198 sciurinus, Acanthopinus...... 170 Neohematopinus ....170, 191 sciuropteri, Hematopinus.... 170 Neohematopinus ..170, 193 Polyplaei Aloha. see al semifasciatus, Neohematopinus DMG MOAR Unban LN le 312. 169, 190 sericeus, Echinophthirius.182, 187 serrata, Polyplax......... 175, 194 serratus, Hematopinus....... 175 Pediculus sin ee 175 setosus, Echinophthirius. .181, 183 Hematopinus ........ 59, 181 Linognathoides ......... 159 Solenopotes.) 864 eee 160 CAP ULAIUS MC AS 167 spermophili, Linognathoides.. 158 Pediculus on cece nese 158 spherocephala, Polyplax..... 149 spherocephalus, Enderleinel- Hes Are Nee 148, 190, 191 [Proc. 4TH Ser. VoL. VI] spherocephalus, Hematopinus ........... PC AVEUIUSI iin 9,5 ay spiculifera, Polyplax...... 175, spiculifer, Hematopinus...... LEONG TIS BAINES 8 ie) Aiea eee spiniger, Hematopinus....... WPCALCULUS Aa Be aeons Ss oly plariey ca. 175, 176, sputuliosa, Potlyplax. oii 5 5... SA aR ea 176, 194, 195, spinulosus, Hematopinus..... MECC VCUIUS| dnote tote pata squamosus, H Brea pte. PUMA SLAN Ie Navan canine MNS 180, squamulatus, Hematopinus... Ag, CAR ATH I ARS 179, Linognathus ......... 179, stephenst, Hematopinus...... OU PIGA is Maite ein: 177, stenopsis, Hematopinus...... Linognathus ....164, 202, TCO UCUIUS Unt ee MPC OMS Sie bay. bce suis, Hematopinus....... 145, PAC OUCUIUS ates nee cas sumatranus, Hematomyzus. .. ik AR Ne) RUNES MAU een 85, suturalis, Enderleinellus...... AAW Aes oe 149, 186, 189 Hematopinus ........... OLY UGA en Nein aac ne es tabescentium, Pediculus...... tarandi, Cervophthirius... 168, taurotragi, Hematopinus. 146, tenuirosiris, Hematopinus.... PPCOUGMIWS PN eels 4 od FERRIS—ANOPLURA Ziel tibiahs, Hematopinus........ 165 Linognathus .:.....+. 165, 202 TrteRauUlus, se tos es 165 tribulosa, Fahrenholzia...151, 193 EVICHOUMYS tie ON 159 PEMATIS HN Os Soe) nls by Son 163 PIAFET WS AND Bas SOS SUCCOLUS iN etia Mc ayl ces Oe 164 SHENOPSUSA ye ore SNe 164 FIDIGIS Wiese ene ne 165 HT OURAN AALS UAL nag a 167 trichechi, Antarctophthirus Ee Ae kon URAL pes NU 183, 186 ACLOPNITATWS, 202 oe -. 184 Hematopinus ........... 184 trispinosa, Hoplopleura....... UA an A eu ERM 157, 192, 193 tuberculatus, Haematopinus... ER se beta 145, 146, 201, 204 uncinatus, Enderleinellus..150, 193 ungulatus, H@ematopinus....- 160 EMmOgnathus Wo clk: 160 urius, Hematopinus.......... 146 TREAD EMIS Me ARC Ni aihey des o/h 145 ventricosa, Polyplax..... 2... 152 ventricosus, Hematopinus.... 152 Hemodipsus ....152, 187, 188 vestimenti, Pediculus..... eh cme (SV villosa) Polyplaage i... 0. 177, 196 vitui, Hematopinus.......... 166 Linognathus ......... 166, 203 PRedvenlus rary ie cas 166 DEN CUIUSE Soe a ee te 167 wernert, Eremophthirius..... 177 Ehoplo pleura 2090 os. o4 177 IROL Plat ay tie ae PZ 95 212 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES [Proc. 4TH Ser. INDEX TO ORDERS, FAMILIES AND GENERA OF MAMMALS IN HOST List ENCONTVS He OCHs CUI ORA NOR 195 Blephantidae (305) e anes -.. 204 Ammospermophilus ......... 188 Elephasicwis iso. hee 204 Aeratal@ pine yy as ey CRN ee 202 Epimiys nee un, eee 194, 195 AIOE. Aye OMe nt: 202 Equus Qu ne 204 INPOGeTIALIS WV HALL Noe Maal, 194 Batangas ae ee 192 PN COM ATNE Webs ae aa ares 188 ENG VACATIEIIS At) ail eA Gana 195 Berret! es a ee 186 VN WAC OMA Mere Henne OU a a litany 196 Fissipedia) hice ele 186 Arvicola=Microtus Ateles=Ateleus Gazellay OS es ana 202 PNICCLCUIS I MOLEC NON Uy ti, 199 Gazelle yA i. OO a eee 202 Air Odachyda iyi nu Bm Nw: 200 Geomyides 2) ees EUV 194 UI CHE MTA MM COMO MUA UC HE! 201 Geomys oe an Winer 2 2) Aulacodus = Thryonomys Gerbillinge 00.00 0 ae 195 Gerbillus ). ea ee 195 Giraftides \ 50000 She 201 eh et enon Glaucomys iso None 192, 193 POUT hE RN ENIED 202 Goat ye Sy eat ae 203 Boyt Wa en ye er ecu inna! 203 Mamadiivaisy (3). 0008 sine 200 Pelee al el ate Heliosciutus)).6 0 192 ; Heteromiyidee i) 30 sen 193 Callospermophilus .......... 188 FLOlOcH US) Lie el aaa 196 aimee ye cre ate eee ener 201 Homiunida hei Eat 200 Camelopardalis) cine neuer 201 oto ee 200 Camiclic i venta n ile 201 Hylobates! 0) ae 200 Camis .. 1... ee eee eee eee 186 Hylobatide .....; PEA As: 200 Capra ............. 5... 203 Hyracoidea | 20) 204 WORD Ne Sous i Lae oldie 203 Hyrax = Procavia Cacmiviora yn eee eR nw 186 Cebide LUNAS y Mallet ch yer aDy guitare aad ormetrentel raider rua atalts 149 Inuus =< Simia Cebus ......... ss. esses eee. 199 Insectivora Jc). Gee 186 ‘Cephalioplainge (ie) Ree 202 Cephalophus ................ 202 aetna ae 198 Cercopithecus == Pithecus Lagurus = Microtus eivocapmince iy at Nak 202 Lasiopysa (oo. \a a ae 199 Cervicapra ................. 202 Tasiopypide (1) 199 Cervidze BURSA Tatet Na iaTen bell eohivs Pre cL TON unre Aa 201 Lemmus = Dicrostonyx Cervus ....... 6. eee eee eee 201 eps 0 a a nn ae 187 Ciatnichinilid ae iy. ea Oa 198 Limnotrasus (0000/0000 0 203 Citellus alfetelapleiie i/o l\elteNeilie|heielieiislielieleilstis 188 Loxodonta Raed NINE er OST 204 CriGehinse wes cL, 196 GrICebulG ise een iti Neth 194 Macacus == Pithecus Cymomys ................... 190 Marmotannenn cpr Pt. 190 Meriones iy Meu aaa 195 DAS iy ATES MeN Nia CPR LUN IT a) a ROT 195 Microdipodepsni.. a aneeiene 193 DACKOSEOMY SL CCV L ele a 196 MAcromiysi aN one 194 Dipodida wy Sage ako 198 Micropince ie aia 196 Dipodomysiiii ements in 193 IN CrOLES 42 a eRe Sas 196 TORUS reteset dos eke el ING 198 IMIS) Oe MeSH U8 nae 194 Domeshiesirabbits ay. we ye 188 Mus = Epimys TD EVOTIyS MP es UMASS Sek LN 194 Wiasearndinaic ae oc eae ere 194 Dupheidentatay anne wee 187 Maustelidaey) Cnn eie ier Meant aa 186 Vor. VI] Myoxidz = Muscardinide Myoxus = Dryomys Nectomys = Holochilus INEOEOMAN cc ceue ha ehte ves esa 196, 197 NIESOLRYZOMIV SIS 162 to). a4) 00) 197 Mchodont(da eo Hecke ys ee as 198 Mdopenide = Lee Oe 186 Mralaineenitse Wiser eo Sas 186 MMO COMES ATI Aes kg es 201 OMnVeHOMys: eo eke Se 197 @rvcteropodidee 5250) Seo.) . 198 ay GELOPUS ic Hehe a a 198 els ok es se 187 NEU CEITCG Be Ra gk Re 187 GOTT sh vee nay lh 195 POTENT SRE nist eka GMT y cs 195 (EEE Se OS SOT Aa Ae 203 A CHIVURONIYVG) ii .00 Mele elles! 195 Paludicola = Arvicola LE IGT? aye Ue Past he ea 200 TE Eg] 2 PSA RONG) Sn A ch ee 198 > S.CIEITG Ge aa 198 Menrssodactyla cise. sues ee 204 PASEOGIPUS FW ck alle ee es + aye 193 PeeTOOmMaAthims! (2:0) Se lye es 193 BEEOUIVSCHS. (hs cule le oe. 197 Rare MOS ETC se ea use Ba aleisto 192 Pigachochoenrus 6.650555. 6 3.» 200 EMEHMCOMYS fou css ols elle es 196 eGR AN eh oneeeniks Seg We atantt 187 PMOCATOHOS) file ws wsiede's 187 EpOUIece eu aa ee OG we 187 eimnipedia) 5 Mok. see 186 BRE GEIS (ner h ects ie eo i 199 OUR TEEN Us ae ar 200 OLAMOCHOehUS s/c 8 le oe. 201 FERRIS—ANOPLURA BLS Briinearbesia circ sates ga URC 199 Probosctdeas nurs ack la sae ches 204 GO Avilaiees tae seria are een 8 Pans 204 POCA ai ce) ie aiep es Late tess cue 204 Pteromys = Glaucomys AVENE lexan ancy Oba ai a ha nseareesna 199 RUMI EE i ways ate ay fal eae ae 201 Beat Meus ered ead Sparta esas 188 OUCH) iit tay Nd casey ate 187 IPS ASTIORN Obras Canteen Gun Duara Late 203 RapieA ph iNee tye rears ec 203 Saccostomiusy os.) ce so. a eee 195 EEE Wp Pastner all OS 187 See lider iat merken wei ce tia ate 187 See eek Ses hans eps ected conta el 200 RSI ASPaet Male cp Ak ae aa te aS 201 Syvipltalaness 3.2) c)o sie ar vee 200 Wea lpiges (pai ee rath aes hiss 186 eles basis oa ace ee eee oes 191 (PAgrOLDAOMSh minis amos ata seks 203 UE THVAOTMOMILY Sense st oy Nes 3) se 198 Trachypithecus = Pygathrix Mracecla pie eae kl twee 203 abulidentagay. (is ieeee dass 198 Waknowm, WOstis) oe.) 8: 204 Wncertam: Maridse 2302520: 198 Uncertain ‘Primates: ’2 5.45). 200 DR GSPUMIEE Bhi tala se aay es cial tae MeV 192 Merospermophals | 50.53/35: 190 GST ES Ue TOAD SP A OP 192 a lopINUSh ery yess eee ewe sas 187 \ i Rene Ra Chi y A Me che bss cba gis ? ofa tie yt + PROCEEDINGS: se ae i WS a Fourth Series My einen VOLUME Bis 4 ol ; Pa eddies of ae California Academy | (of Sciences to the Nana Islands, 1905-1906. mS Pages 1-6. Preliminary Description of Four New Races ‘of Gigantic Tass Tortoises from the Galapagos Islands. = John Van Denburgh. (Issued December 2, LIT). § S40 Os bb ees '$ Pages 7-288. II. A Botanical Survey of the Galapagos Islands. _ By Alban Stewart. Plates 1-xix. (Jssued January 2%, 1911).. Pages 289-322. III. The Butterflies and Hawk-Moths of the Galapagos Islands. By Francis X. Williams. Plates xx—xxI. RSS CA MOLIQGER FiZILE) ak oie ieee Matt oS Mad a! Sat ae uataee a gince aed Pages 323-374. IV. The Snakes of the Galapagos Islands. - By John Van Denburgh. Plates xxu-xxx. (/ssued January 17, 1912) ‘Pages 375-404. V. Notes on the Botany of Cocos Island. By - Alban Stewart. Plates xxxi-xxxIv. (/ssued January 19, 1912) Pages 405-430. VI. The Geckos of the Galapagos Archipelago. By John Van Denburgh. (Jsswed April 16, 19/2) ............ _ Pages 431-446. VII. Notes on the Lichens of the Galapagos _ Tslands. By Alban Stewart. (/ssued December 17, 1912)....... VOLUME II, Parr I Expedition of the California Academy of Sciences to the Galapagos Islands, 1905-1906. Pages 1-132, VIII. The Birds of the Galapagos Islands, with Observations on the Birds of Cocos and Clipperton Islands (Columbiformes to Pelecaniformes). By Edward Winslow Gifford. Platesi-vil. (lssued August I1, 1918)......... 250 4- Pages 133-202. IX. The Galapagoan Lizards of the Genus Tropidurus; with Notes on the Iguanas of the Genera Conolophus and Amblyrhyncus. By John Van Denburgh and Joseph R. Slevin. Plates viti—-x1. (Issued September 19, 1913).. Pages 203-374. X. The Gigantic Land Tortoises of the Galapagos Archipelago. By John Van Denburgh. Plates xlI-CxxIV. Leewed DEDIEMAOET. SU LILA) a ok rE hak SHA EC an ce Wea ek VOLUME Ill _ Pages 1-40. A Further Stratigraphic Study in the Mount Diablo ~~ Range of California. By Frank M.Anderson. Plate 1. (/ssued NE OCLITEIL PIGS awit bo POs FR SONS Ae a PS Hl Ba) RI EON BB _ Pages 41-48. Description of a New Species of Sea Snake irom the Philippine Islands, with a Note on the Palatine Teeth in the Proteroglypha. By John Van Denburgh and Joseph C. Thomp- son. (/ssued Deviben SEE A GOS NEN AW oie tae alera fie/ tials lida dees jure Pages 49-56. New and Previously Unrecorded Species of Reptiles and Amphibians from the Island of Formosa. By John Van Denbureh) | (Wsswved December 20; LION hi ink vee ici he Fess a's Pages 57-72. Water Birds of the Vicinity of Point Pinos, California. By Rollo Howard Beck. (lssued September 17, 1910).....+.... Pages /3-146.. The Neocene Deposits of Kern River, California, and the Temblor Basin. By Frank M. Anderson. Plates 11-XI11. OTsswed WOU CHebET LOUD) Oh ek AS eles arate ah alia ele (Wala: oh Glogs Pages 147-154. Notes on a Collection of Reptiles from Southern California and Arizona. By John Van Denburgh. (/ssued PALER gO NODA BED BN BOB SAUTE SEHD? aaa ERI UEC NC RID aT: BO Tigh i MER ANITA BR Pages 155-160. Notes on Some Reptiles and Amphibians from Oregon, Idaho and Utah. By John Van Denburgh. (/ssued PEM AIM TILL OLE) hoe Bake \ali kalo, Oo eS ON aaah oh ao whe Leste hae bah Pages 161-182. Geologic Range of Miocene Invertebrate Fossils of California. By James Perrin Smith. (/ssued April 5, 19/2)... Pages 183-186. Description of a New Genus and Species of Sala- mander from Japan. By Surgeon J. C. Thompson, U.S. Navy. Plate mary rsswed May SILI), bo i VOT ES NST 8 ‘Pages 187-258. Concerning Certain Species of Reptiles and Am- - phibians from China, Japan, the Loo Choo Islands, and Formosa. By John Van Denburgh. (J/ssued December 16, 1912.)........ Pages 259-264. Notes on Ascaphus, the Discoglossoid Toad of Ry By John Van Denburgh. . (/ssued December 1.00 .o0 2.00 .35 »2D ee aes