Occasional Papers Museum of Texas Tech University Number 246 12 October 2005 Atlas of fishes of the upper Red River system in Texas and Oklahoma Royal D. Suttkusand Clyde Jones Abstract: This atlas presents a report on fishes collected from the upper Red River system between 27 June 1952 and 19 May 1989. A total of 84 samples taken at 58 sites from the major tributaries and from the main stem of the Red River down to the head of Lake Texoma resulted in the collection of 98,210 speci¬ mens representing 45 species plus one hybrid combi¬ nation. Locality data are given for each collection site, with number of species and specimens taken at each site, followed by a total list of species taken at each site. A distribution map is presented for each species. The legend for each map includes family name, scien¬ tific and common name of the species, number of collection sites, and total specimens collected. Introduction The first scientific collections from the upper Red River area were those made by Randolph B. Marcy, Captain Fifth Infantry U.S. Army assisted by George B. McClellan, Brevet Captain U.S. Engineers in the year 1852 (Marcy and McClellan 1854). A single collection of fishes was obtained from Otter Creek [tributary to North Fork Red River], Arkansas. Otter Creek is lo¬ cated in western Oklahoma, however, Oklahoma did not gain statehood until 1907 and thus the collection area was considered as in Arkansas in 1852. The reptiles, fishes, orthopterous insects, arachnidians, and myriapods were sent to the Smithsonian Institution where Baird and Girard pub¬ lished upon the reptiles and fishes. Baird and Girard (1853) described five species of fishes in the Marcy and McClellan collection: Pomotis breviceps = subspecies of Lepomis megalotis (Rafinesque 1820) Pomotis longulus - Lepomis cyanellus Rafinesque 1819 Leuciscus lutrensis = Cyprinella lutrensis (Baird and Girard 1853) Leuciscus bubalinus - Cyprinella lutrensis (Baird and Girard 1853) Ceratichthys vigilax = Pimephales vigilax (Baird and Girard 1853) There were no appended illustrations in the Baird and Girard (1853) paper. Apparently, recent authors 2 Occasional Papers, Museum of Texas Tech University have missed the detailed descriptions of these same fishes in Marcy and McClellan (1854, Appendix F, pp. 216-223). Marcy and McClellan stated that each spe¬ cies was represented by a single specimen except for Leuciscus lutrensis of which there were several speci¬ mens and that the Ceratichthys vigilax specimen was immature. Also of more importance, they included excellent illustrations of the five species and of three scales from each in Zoology Plates XII, XIII, and XIV. This atlas has two primary purposes - first, to document the distributions of fishes collected from the upper Red River system and second, to serve as a database for comparison to future aquatic survey samples. There is a diminishing water supply in west¬ ern Texas and along with the present and proposed desalination projects it is reasonable to expect changes in populations of fishes and other aquatic organisms. Study Area Our study area of the upper Red River system includes the area west of a north-south line between Ardmore, Oklahoma and Gainesville, Texas or essen¬ tially west of Interstate Highway 35. This area in Texas and Oklahoma is referred to as the Osage Plains and extends westward to the eastern edge of the High Plains Province (Fenneman 1931). Wynd (1944) shows the physiographic divisions of Texas in Figure 19 (taken from Trowbridge 1932) and distribution of vegetation for the same section of Texas in Figure 1, following Tharp (1939). The Osage Plains west of the cross timbers strip is characterized by mesquite-grassland and the High Plains is essentially barren of vegetation except for occasional trees along the stream courses. The headwaters of the Red River arise from the east¬ ern escarpment of the High Plains and that part of the High Plains south of the Canadian River is usually re¬ ferred to as the “Llano Estacado”. Marcy and McClellan (1854) reported that various major tributar¬ ies of the Red River (see our Figure 1) have high min¬ eral levels, primarily gypsum and the mineral load var¬ ies seasonally thus limiting habitation by certain fishes. Mineral or salinity levels usually decrease in a down¬ stream direction due in part to the influx of fresh or ‘sweetwater’ from tributaries and in general the num¬ ber of fish species increases in a downstream direc¬ tion (Buchanan et al. 2003). Lake Texoma resulted from impoundment of the Red River by the Denison Dam and the reservoir was filled in 1944 (Riggs and Bonn 1959). Methods and Materials All fishes were collected with a 10’ (3.05 m) long by 6’ (1.83 m) deep nylon seine with a 3/16” (1.59 mm) ace mesh. All specimens were preserved in a 10% aqueous formalin solution in the field and transported to the Tulane University Museum of Natural History in Belle Chasse, Louisiana, where after several days in the formalin solution they were washed, sorted and the fish species were identified, numerated, and catalogued into the fish collection. Collection dates extended from 27 June 1952 to and including 19 May 1989. The authors collected the bulk of the fish specimens. Some of the early collec¬ tions were obtained by former Tulane University stu¬ dents. We did not utilize or plot any material or litera¬ ture records housed at other institutions. All collect¬ ing sites were plotted on road maps and state base maps in the field and subsequently transferred to a hand-drawn basemap. Darkened circles indicate spe¬ cies presence on individual distribution maps; open circles indicate species absence. Species distribution maps are based only on fishes housed at the Tulane University Museum of Natural History. Collection data given for each of the 58 sample sites includes stream name or site location, county, field collection number when available and date, num¬ ber of species and specimens collected at the site, and SlITTKUS AND JONES— FlSHES OF THE UPPER RED RlVER SYSTEM IN TEXAS AND OKLAHOMA 3 Figure 1. Upper Red River system with names of major tributaries. a total list of species. The following abbreviations are used: mi. = mile(s), trib. = tributary, Hwy. = Highway, and Co. = County. All distances are given in miles to the nearest tenth as measured in the field and recorded in the permanent catalog in the Tulane University Mu¬ seum of Natural History. A checklist of fishes collected in the upper part of the Red River system is given with map numbers, number of sites, and specimens collected per species (Appendix). Families are arranged in phylogenetic or¬ der and species within families in alphabetical order as given in the 2004 scientific and common names check¬ list (Nelson et al. 2004). Results and Discussion A total of 84 collections taken at 58 sites (Figure 2) during this study resulted in the collection of 98,210 specimens which represented 45 species plus one hy¬ brid combination. Slightly more than 84% (82,581) of the specimens collected represented five species. Twenty-five species, plus one hybrid, each made up less than 0.1% of total specimens. The plains min¬ now, Hybognathus placitus , was the most abundant species with 31,907 specimens comprising 32.5% of the total specimens. Notropis bairdi (Red River shiner) was the second most abundant species with 17,022 specimens and made up 17.3% of total. Cyprinella lutrensis (red shiner) was the third most abundant with 15,021 specimens and made up 15.3% of total. Cyprinella lutrensis (red shiner) was taken at 47 (81.0%) of the 58 collecting sites. Fundulus zebrinus (plains killifish) was taken at 41 (70.7%) of the 58 collecting sites; Gambusia affinis (western mosquitofish) was taken at 37 (63.8%) of the 58 sites; Lepomis cyanellus (green sunfish) was taken at 35 sites (60.3%); Cyprinodon rubrofluviatilis (Red River pupfish) was taken at 34 sites (58.6%); and Notropis bairdi (Red River shiner) was taken at 32 sites (55.2%). 4 Occasional Papers, Museum of Texas Tech University Figure 2. Collecting sites in the upper Red River system in Texas and Oklahoma. SlJTTKUS AND JONES— FlSHES OF THE UPPER RED RlVER SYSTEM IN TEXAS AND OKLAHOMA 5 Lepisosteidae gars Lepisosteus osseus (Linnaeus, 1758) longnose gar 8 sites 19 specimens Hiodontidae mooneyes Hiodon alosoides (Rafinesque, 1819) goldeye 2 sites 2 specimens 6 Occasional Papers, Museum of Texas Tech University Clupeidae herrings Dorosoma cepedianum (Lesueur, 1818) gizzard shad 12 sites 1,177 specimens Cyprinidae minnows Cyprinella lutrensis (Baird & Girard, 1853) red shiner 47 sites 15,021 specimens SUTTKUS AND JONES-FlSHES OF THE UPPER RED RIVER SYSTEM IN TEXAS AND OKLAHOMA 7 Cyprinidae minnows Cyprinella venusta Girard, 1856 blacktaii shiner 1 site 5 specimens Cyprinidae minnows Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus, 1758 common carp 9 sites 46 specimens 8 Occasional Papers, Museum of Texas Tech University Cyprinidae minnows Hybognathns placitus Girard, 1856 plains minnow 33 sites 31,907 specimens Cyprinidae minnows Macrhybopsis australis (Hubbs and Ortenburger, 1929) prairie chub 18 sites 3,121 specimens SUTTKUS AND JONES— FlSHES OF THE UPPER RED RlVER SYSTEM IN TEXAS AND OKLAHOMA 9 Cyprinidae minnows Macrhybopsis storeriana (Kirtland, 1845) silver chub 3 sites 26 specimens Map 10 Cyprinidae minnows Notemigonus crysoleucas (Mitchill, 1814) golden shiner 1 site 1 specimen 10 Occasional Papers, Museum of Texas Tech University Map 11 Cyprinidae minnows Notropis atherinoides Rafinesque, 1818 emerald shiner 9 sites 2,483 specimens Map 12 Cyprinidae minnows Notropis bairdi Hubbs and Ortenburger, 1929 Red River shiner 32 sites 17,022 specimens SUTTKUS AND JONES— FlSHES OF THE UPPER RED RlVER SYSTEM IN TEXAS AND OKLAHOMA 11 Map 13 Cyprinidae minnows Notropis buchanani Meek, 1896 ghost shiner 7 sites 260 specimens Map 14 Cyprinidae minnows Notropis oxyrhynchus Hubbs & Bonham, 1951 sharpnose shiner 1 site 8 specimens 12 Occasional Papers, Museum of Texas Tech University Map 15 Cyprinidae minnows Notropis potter! Hubbs & Bonham, 1951 chub shiner 8 sites 1,220 specimens Map 16 Cyprinidae minnows Notropis stramineus (Cope, 1865) sand shiner 6 sites 127 specimens SlJTTKUS AND JONES— FlSHES OF THE UPPER RED RlVER SYSTEM IN TEXAS AND OKLAHOMA 13 Map 17 Cyprinidae minnows Phenacobius mirabilis (Girard, 1856) suckermouth minnow 9 sites 60 specimens Map 18 Cyprinidae minnows Pimephales promelas Rafinesquc, 1820 fathead minnow 30 sites 990 specimens 14 Occasional Papers, Museum of Texas Tech University Map 19 Cyprinidae minnows Pimephales vigilax (Baird & Girard, 1853) bullhead minnow 19 sites 821 specimens Catostomidae suckers Carpiodes carpio (Rafinesque, 1820) river carpsucker 11 sites 1,814 specimens SUTTKUS AND JONES-FlSHES OF THE UPPER RED RlVER SYSTEM IN TEXAS AND OKLAHOMA 15 Map 21 Catostomidae suckers Ictiobus bubalus (Rafinesque, 1818) smallmouth buffalo 3 sites 25 specimens Ictaluridae North American catfishes Ameiurus melas (Rafinesque, 1820) black bullhead 16 sites 53 specimens 16 Occasional Papers, Museum of Texas Tech University Map 23 Ictaluridae North American catfishes Ameiurus natalis (Lesueur, 1819) yellow bullhead 1 site 1 specimen Map 24 Ictaluridae North American catfishes Ictalurus furcatus (Lesueur, 1840) blue catfish 1 site 25 specimens Occasional Papers, Museum of Texas Tech University 17 Map 2$ Ictaluridae North American caiftshes Ictettmis purtdam (Raflnesque, 1618} channel catfish 14 sites 3)0$ specimens Map 26 Iclafuridae North American catfishoa Pytodhstfs otivetis IRa&iesquo, 1818) flathead catfish 3 sites 10 specimens 18 Occasional Papers, Museum of Texas Tech University Map 27 Atherinopsidae New World silversides Menidia audens Hay, 1882 Mississippi silverside 7 sites 809 specimens Map 28 Fundulidae topminnows Fundulus zebrinus Jordan & Gilbert, 1883 plains killifish 41 sites 7,101 specimens Suttkus and Jones— Fishes of the upper Red River System in Texas and Oklahoma 19 Map 29 Poeciliidae livebearers Gambusia affinis (Baird & Girard, 1853) western mosquitofish 37 sites 1,381 specimens Map 30 Cyprinodontidae pupfishes Cyprinodon rubrofluviatiJis Fowler, 1916 Red River pupfish 34 sites 11,530 specimens 20 Occasional Papers, Museum of Texas Tech University Map 31 Moronidae temperate basses Morone chrysops (Rafinesque, 1820) white bass 6 sites 33 specimens Map 32 Moronidae temperate basses Morone chrysops x M. saxatilis palmetto bass 1 site specimen 1 specimen SUTTKUS AND JONES-FlSHES OF THE UPPER RED RlVER SYSTEM IN TEXAS AND OKLAHOMA 21 Map 33 Moronidae temperate basses Morone saxatilis (Walbaum, 1792) striped bass 1 site 2 specimens Map 34 Centrarchidae sunfishes Lepomis cyanellus Raftnesque, 1819 green sunfish 35 sites 278 specimens 22 Occasional Papers, Museum of Texas Tech University Map 35 Centrarchidae sunfishes Lepomis gulosus (Cuvier, 1829) warmouth 3 sites 3 specimens Map 36 Centrarchidae sunfishes Lepomis humllis (Girard, 1858) orangespotted sunfish 19 sites 184 specimens SUTTKUS AND JONES— FlSHES OF THE UPPER RED RlVER SYSTEM IN TEXAS AND OKLAHOMA 23 Map 37 Centrarchidae sunfishes Lepomis macrochirus Rafinesque, 1819 bluegil! 15 sites 76 specimens Map 38 Centrarchidae sunfishes Lepomis megalotis (Rafinesque, 1820) longear sunfish 24 sites 126 specimens 24 Occasional Papers, Museum of Texas Tech University Map 39 Centrarchidae sunfishes Micropterus punctulatus (Rafinesque, 1819) spotted bass 1 site 2 specimens Map 40 Centrarchidae sunfishes Micropterus salmoides (Lacep6de, 1802) largemouth bass 12 sites 39 specimens SUTTKUS AND JONES— FlSHES OF THE UPPER RED RlVER SYSTEM IN TEXAS AND OKLAHOMA 25 Map 41 Centrarchidae sunfishes Pomoxis annularis Rafinesque, 1818 white crappie 13 sites 48 specimens Map 42 Percidae perches Etheostoma spectabile (Agassiz, 1854) orangethroat darter 1 site 14 specimens 26 Occasional Papers, Museum of Texas Tech University Map 43 Percidae perches Percina macrolepida Stevenson, 1971 bigscale logperch 4 sites 7 specimens Map 44 Percidae perches Sander vitreus (Mitchill, 1818) walleye 2 sites 2 specimens SUTTKUS AND JONES— FlSHES OF THE UPPER RED RlVER SYSTEM IN TEXAS AND OKLAHOMA 27 Aplodinotus grunniens Rafinesque, 1819 freshwater drum 6 sites 24 specimens The following is a listing of the number of col¬ lecting sites, number of fish species and list of species for each of the headwater tributaries and the main stem of the Red River (Figures 1 and 2): North Fork Red River, 7 collecting sites, 25 species. Species: Lepisosteus osseus, Hiodon alosoides, Dorosoma cepedianum, Cyprinella lutrensis, Cyprinus carpio, Hybognathusplacitus, Macrhybopsis australis, Notropis atherinoides, Notropis bairdi, Notropis stramineus, Phenacobius mirabilis, Pimephales promelas, Pimephales vigilax, Carpiodes carpio, Ameiurus melas, Ictalurus punctatus, Fundulus zebrinus, Gambusia affinis, Cyprinodon rubrofluviatilis, Lepomis cyanellus, Lepomis humilis, Lepomis macrochirus, Lepomis megalotis, Micropterus salmoides, and Pomoxis annularis. Salt Fork Red River, 3 sites, 11 species. Species: Cyprinella lutrensis, Hybognathus placitus, Macrhybopsis australis, Notropis bairdi, Pimephales promelas, Ameiurus melas, Fundulus zebrinus, Gam¬ busia affinis, Cyprinodon rubrofluviatilis, Lepomis cyanellus, and Lepomis megalotis. Prairie Dog Town Fork Red River, 13 sites, 20 species. Species: Dorosoma cepedianum, Cyprinella lutrensis, Cyprinus carpio, Hybognathus placitus, Macrhybopsis austra¬ lis, Notropis atherinoides, Notropis bairdi, Phenacobius mirabilis, Pimephales promelas, Pimephales vigilax, Carpiodes carpio, Ameiurus melas, Ictalurus punctatus, Fundulus zebrinus, Gambusia affinis, Cyprinodon rubrofluviatilis, Lepomis cyanellus, Lepomis humilis, Lepomis megalotis, and Micropterus salmoides. Pease River, 14 sites, 19 species. Species: Cyprinella lutrensis, Cyprinus carpio, Hybognathus placitus, Macrhybopsis australis, Notropis bairdi, Phenacobius mirabilis, Pimephales promelas, Pimephales vigilax, Carpiodes carpio, Ameiurus melas, Ictalurus punctatus, Fundulus zebrinus, Gambusia affinis, Cyprinodon rubrofluviatilis, Lepomis cyanellus, Lepomis humilis, Lepomis macrochirus, Lepomis megalotis, and Micropterus salmoides. Wichita River, 13 sites, 31 species plus hybrid combination. Species: Lepisosteus osseus, Dorosoma cepedianum, Cyprinella lutrensis, Cyprinus carpio, Hybognathus placitus, Notropis bairdi, Notropis buchanani, Notropis oxyrhynchus, Notropis potteri, Phenacobius mirabilis, Pimephales promelas, Pimephales vigilax, Carpiodes carpio, Ictiobus bubalus, Ameiurus melas, Ameiurus natalis, Ictalurus punctatus, Menidia audens, Fundulus zebrinus, Gam¬ busia affinis, Cyprinodon rubrofluviatilis, Morone 28 Occasional Papers, Museum of Texas Tech University chrysops, Morone chrysops x Morone saxatilis, Morone saxatilis, Lepomis cyanellus, Lepomis humilis, Lepomis macrochirus, Lepomis megalotis, Micropterus salmoides, Pomoxis annularis, Percina macrolepida, and Aplodinotus grunniens. Little Wichita River, 1 site, 9 species. Species: Dorosomapetenense, Notropis buchanani, Ameiurus melas, Gambusia affinis, Lepomis gulosus, Lepomis humilis, Lepomis macrochirus, Lepomis megalotis, and Pomoxis annularis. Red River (main stem below confluence of North Fork and Prairie Dog Town Fork), 7 sites, 39 species. Species: Lepisosteus osseus, Hiodon alosoides, Dorosoma cepedianum, Cyprinella lutrensis, Cyprinella venusta, Cyprinus carpio, Hybognathus placitus, Macrhybopsis australis, Macrhybopsis storeriana, Notemigonus crysoleucas, Notropis atherinoides, Notropis bairdi, Notropis buchanani, Notropis potteri, Notropis stramineus, Phenacobius mirabilis, Pimephales promelas, Pimephales vigilax, Carpiodes carpio, Ictiobus bubalus, Ameiurus melas, Ictalurus furcatus, Ictalurus punctatus, Pylodictis olivaris, Menidia audens, Fundulus zebrinus, Gam¬ busia affinis, Cyprinodon rubrofluviatilis, Morone chrysops, Lepomis cyanellus, Lepomis gulosus, Lepomis humilis, Lepomis macrochirus, Lepomis megalotis, Pomoxis annularis, Etheostoma spectabile, Percina macrolepida, Sander vitreus, and Aplodinotus grunniens. Winston et al. (1991) presented evidence that the prairie chub, Macrhybopsis australis, and the chub shiner, Notropis potteri , were extirpated from the up¬ per North Fork Red River due to impoundment by Altus Dam in 1946. They indicated the drastic decline and possible extirpation of the plains minnow, Hybognathus placitus , and the Red River shiner, Notropis bairdi. Our collections from six sites in the North Fork above Altus Dam were obtained between 1952 and 1987 and in part supported the findings of Winston et al. (1991). We collected Hybognathus placitus, Notropis bairdi and Notropis stramineus at site number 47. Notropis stramineus was taken at the three sites along Sweetwater Creek but no Notropis atherinoides at any of the six sites above the Altus Dam. The single site below Altus Dam from the North Fork (site number 42) just west of Tipton, Oklahoma resulted in specimens of Hybognathus placitus, Macrhybopsis australis, Notropis atherinoides , and Notropis bairdi but no Notropis stramineus. Echelle et al. (1972) discussed the relationships of three associated species groups with regards to sa¬ linity and other habitat characteristics. They found a positive association between the Cyprinodon rubrofluviatilis and Fundulus zebrinus complex and the Hybognathus placitus and Notropis bairdi com¬ plex. They also discussed the association with the Cyprinella lutrensis-Gambusia affinis complex. We did not determine salinity or any other environmental factors at our collecting sites and thus we will not attempt any direct comparisons. However, we will present data with regards to relationships within spe¬ cies pairs based on material from 58 collecting sites in the upper Red River system. Neither Cyprinodon rubrofluviatilis or Fundu¬ lus zebrinus were in 15 of the 58 collecting sites (26%). Both species were in 31 (72%) of the remaining 43 sites. Fundulus zebrinus was in 9 (21%) of the 43 sites and Cyprinodon rubrofluviatilis was alone in 3 (7%) of the 43 sites. Neither Hybognathus placitus or Notropis bairdi were in 21 of the 58 collection sites. Both species were in 28 (76%) of the remaining 37 sites; Hybognathus placitus was in 5 (13%) of 37 sites and Notropis bairdi was in 4 (11%) of 37 sites. In the Cyprinella lutrensis-Gambusia affinis complex, neither species was in eight of the 58 sites. Both species were in 34 (68%) of the 50 sites; Notropis lutrensis was in 13 (26%) of the 50 sites; and Gambu¬ sia affinis was in 3 (6%) of the 50 sites, thus the three species pairs demonstrate a high degree of associa¬ tion. The desalination project in the upper South Fork of the Wichita River was initiated with an inflatable collection dam (Bateman dam) and became operational in 1987 (Echelle et al. 1995). Echelle et al. (1995) presented data on fishes in 16 collections, taken in 1994 from the Wichita River system upstream of Kemp Lake. In addition to the twelve species in common with our study they reported Dorosoma cepedianum, Carpiodes carpio, Notropis buchanani, Phenacobius mirabilis, and Macrhybopsis australis. This study in¬ cluded two additional species, Lepomis megalotis and Micropterus salmoides, from above Kemp Lake. Our collections from the Wichita River system, above and Occasional Papers, Museum of Texas Tech University 29 below Kemp Lake resulted in 31 species plus the hy¬ brid combination, Morone chrysops x Morone saxatilis. Buchanan et al. (2003) reported 72 species in the main stem of the Red River in Arkansas as a result of their efforts during 1995-2001. Eleven fish species historically known from the Red River in Arkansas but not taken during 1995-2001 brought the total to 83 species. Obviously the upper Red River system is depau¬ perate in fish species richness with only 45 species in 84 collections from 58 sites. Buchanan et al. (2003) stated that the Red River exhibits the pattern of in¬ creasing fish species richness from headwaters to downstream. Acknowledgments We have benefited from phone conversations with A. A. Echelle and T. M. Buchanan and we have received unpublished data and reprints from A.A. and A.F. Echelle and from T.M. Buchanan for which we are grateful. We thank M.A. Abbey and R. Manning for their help with numerous collections. We extend our sincere gratitude to the following for their help and collection of some of the early samples: R.E. Gor¬ don, D. Tinkle, R. Webb, R.J. and H.C. Miller, W.M. Milstead, C. Hott, W. Gibbons, M.C. Andersson and W. Philpot. We extend our sincere appreciation to B. A. Thompson for his identification of the small percids. We thank N. Rios, Collection Manager at Tulane Mu¬ seum of Natural History, for catalog data on early col¬ lections from the upper Red River system and we thank M. F. Mettee for his assistance with the map legends. Literature Cited Baird, S.F. and C. Girard. 1853. Description of new species of fishes, collected by Captains R.B. Marcy and Geo. B. McClellan, in Arkansas. Proceedings Academy Natural Sciences Philadelphia 6, 1853: 390-392. Buchanan, T.M., D. Wilson, L.G. Claybrook, and W.G. Layher. 2003. Fishes of the Red River in Arkan¬ sas. Journal Arkansas Academy of Science 57: 18-26. Echelle, A.A., A.F Echelle and L.G. Hill. 1972. Interspe¬ cific interactions and limiting factors of abun¬ dance and distribution in the Red River pupfish, Cyprinodon rubrofluviatilis. American Midland Naturalist 88 (1): 109-130. Echelle, A.A., W.L. Fisher, and A.F. Echelle. 1995. As¬ sessment of fish communities in relation to chlo¬ ride control in the Wichita River and the distribu¬ tion of pupfish in the Red River drainage. Comple¬ tion Report: U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Tulsa District, Tulsa, Oklahoma. Fenneman, N.M. 1931. Physiography of Western United States. McGraw-Hill Book Company, Inc. Marcy, R.B. and G.B. McClellan. 1854. Exploration of the Red River of Louisiana, in the Year 1852: with reports on the natural history of the country, and numerous illustrations. House of Representa¬ tives, Executive Document, 33 rd Congress, I s ' Ses¬ sion. A.O.P. Nicholson, Public Printer, Washing¬ ton. Nelson, J.S., E.J. Crossman, H. Espinosa-Perez, L.T. Findley, C.R. Gilbert, R.N. Lea, and J.D. Williams. 2004. Common and scientific names of fishes from the United States, Canada, and Mexico. 6 th Edition, American Fisheries Society Special Publication No. 29. Riggs, C.D. and E.W. Bonn. 1959. An annotated list of the fishes of Lake Texoma, Oklahoma and Texas. Southwestern Naturalist 4: 157-168. Tharp, B.C. 1939. The vegetation of Texas. Texas Acad¬ emy Publication, Natural History, Non-tech Se¬ ries. Anson Jones Press, Houston. Trowbridge, A.C. 1922. Tertiary and Quaternary geology of the lower Rio Grande region, Texas. United States Geological Survey Bulletin 837: 1-260. 30 Occasional Papers, Museum of Texas Tech University Winston, M.R., C.M. Taylor, and J. Pigg. 1991. Upstream extirpation of four minnow species due to dam¬ ming of a prairie stream. Transactions American Fisheries Society 120 (1): 98-105. Wynd, F.L, 1944. The geologic and physiographic back¬ ground of the soils in the lower Rio Grande Val¬ ley, Texas. American Midland Naturalist 32 (1) 200-235. Addresses of authors: Royal D. Sutkuss Tulane University Museum of Natural History Belle Chasse, LA 70037 Clyde Jones Texas Tech University Department of Biological Sciences and the Museum Lubbock, TX 79409-3 J31 Appendix Checklist of fishes collected in the upper Red River system, with map numbers, number of sites, and specimens collected per species. Family, Scientific, and Common Names Map Sites Specimens Number Collected Collected Lepisosteidae - gars Lepisosteus osseus (Linnaeus 1758) 1 8 19 longnose gar Hiodontidae - mooneyes Hiodon alosoides (Rafinesque 1819) 2 2 2 goldeye Clupeidae - herrings Dorosoma cepedianum (Lesueur 1818) 3 12 1,177 gizzard shad Cyprinidae - minnows Cyprinella lutrensis (Baird & Girard 1853) 4 47 15,021 red shiner Cyprinella venusta Girard 1856 5 1 5 blacktail shiner Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus 1758 6 9 46 common carp Hybognathus placitus Girard 1856 7 33 31,907 plains minnow Macrhybopsis australis Hubbs & Ortenburger 1929 8 18 3,121 prairie chub Macrhybopsis storeriana (Kirtland 1845) 9 3 26 silver chub Notemigonus crysoleucas (Mitchill 1814) 10 1 1 golden shiner Notropis athehnoides Rafinesque 1818 11 9 2,483 emerald shiner Notropis bairdi Hubbs & Ortenburger 1929 12 32 17,022 Red River shiner Notropis buchanani Meek 1896 13 7 260 ghost shiner Notropis oxyrhynchus Hubbs & Bonham 1951 14 I 8 sharpnose shiner Notropispotteri Hubbs & Bonham 1951 15 8 1,220 chub shiner SUTTKUS AND JONES-FlSHES OF THE UPPER RED RlVER SYSTEM IN TEXAS AND OKLAHOMA 31 Appendix I. (cont.) Family, Scientific, and Common Names Map Number Sites Collected Specimens Collected Cyprinidae - minnows Notropis stramineus (Cope 1865) sand shiner 16 6 127 Phenacobius mirabilis (Girard 1856) suckermouth minnow 17 9 60 Pimephales promelas Rafinesque 1820 fathead minnow 18 30 990 Pimephales vigilax (Baird & Girard 1853) bullhead minnow Catostomidae - suckers 19 19 821 Carpiodes carpio (Rafinesque 1820) river carpsucker 20 11 1,814 Ictiobus bubalus (Rafinesque 1818) smallmouth buffalo Ictaluridae - North American catfishes 21 3 25 Ameiurus melas (Rafinesque 1820) black bullhead Ictaluridae - North American catfishes 22 16 53 Ameiurus natalis {Lesueur 1819) yellow bullhead 23 1 1 Ictalurus furcatus (Lesueur 1840) blue catfish 24 1 25 Ictaluruspunclatus (Rafinesque 1818) channel catfish 25 14 306 Pylodictis olivaris (Rafinesque 1818) flathead catfish Atherinopsidae - New World silversides 26 3 10 Menidia audens Hay 1882 Mississippi silverside Fundulidae - topminnows 27 7 809 Fundulus zebrinus Jordan & Gilbert 1883 plains killifish Poeciliidae - livebearers 28 41 7,101 Gambusia affinis (Baird & Girard 1853) western mosquitofish Cyprinodontidae - pupfishes 29 37 1,381 Cyprinodon rubrofluviatilis Fowler 1916 Red River pupfish Moronidae - temperate basses 30 34 11,530 Morone chrysops (Rafinesque 1820) white bass 31 6 33 Morone chrysops x M. saxatilis palmetto bass 32 1 1 Morone saxatilis (Walbaum 1792) striped bass Centrarchidae - sunfishes 33 1 2 Lepomis cyanellus Rafinesque 1819 green sunfish 34 35 278 Lepomis gulosus (Cuvier 1829) warmouth 35 3 3 Lepomis humilis (G irard 1858) orangespotted sunfish 36 19 184 Appendix I. (cont.) Family, Scientific, and Common Names Map Number Sites Collected Specimens Collected Centrarchidae - sunfishes Lepomis macrochirus Rafinesque 1819 bluegill 37 15 76 Lepomis megalotis (Rafinesque 1820) longear sunfish 38 24 126 Micropteruspunctulatus (Rafinesque 1819) spotted bass 39 1 2 Micropterus salmoides (Lacepede 1802) largemouth bass 40 12 39 Pomoxis annularis Rafinesque 1818 white crappie Percidae - perches 41 13 48 Etheostoma spectabile (Agassiz 1854) orangethroat darter 42 1 14 Percina macrolepida Stevenson 1971 bigscale logperch 43 4 7 Sander vitreus (Mitchill 1818) walleye Sciaenidae - drums and croakers 44 2 2 Aplodinotusgrunniens Rafinesque 1819 freshwater drum 45 6 24 Publications of the Museum of Texas Tech University Institutional subscriptions are available through the Museum of Texas Tech University, attn: NSRL Publications Secretary, Box 43191, Lubbock, TX 79409-3191. 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