UHH DP Uy ete om “ty Sere ley WAAR AC v4 s + S Bet te dy eed marine PU D Fritp tis: + be S rts sisis reps 2 + Pc t¢ As 4 : ? Stim ana viaeh ws v Eaiver etry ted ; POs Se a ven ‘. : f CU: NEF iden y. > A edt tr ih aia . Y ety tytn pae@ante ys o 0 ny, 7 0 uy hema sicas 2 Paw: risieeag Nastees Biveeees aT Hd) 1% | p dak ar ivke tatae: Bive ventas ype ia biaate ay SSeceissy. Ae pegs Pre ; ¢ emer if at Rie ba siidewnt ees: ls 1 es = See eS Ss TESS ea Speen 3 SES= = pss emey, Fe : Amd ree Sood ms fo aortas Wage Caserta = ae Estes es + if “NTT RH TY Pa h eet anata! CREA, ar paeer rin aa PPMiaan ace. EE ale le WH nL ‘a “im yaabanaaal SEs SeRrer parkas es’ be name _ce aga RAD “AKA : ig iit aa ce es al ae Raseb aga 5e2 R584" eee pa akans a i ben | Ln we x & SN mye ks fj $ all way i So op aa 2eea8 i Nl Ne a- pang ® Ral Ya alt > oe 3 Had laacd a», y De! bbet. | nae ) ie, MAL é ~~, ge & bieee ao scan ®, bl | a ssa. ne Sale| tale] | | SAAS AAG BAAR Dy IAL on TTRATY Pry TTT alain lg a ae p Pa Vt | “Sango PABA a ae 2a RE Ringe ghRBase un, 2 = an : CAA anor pe etn et ale paw a aa aRDa fl weeaatecneeanan=a-> wn VYTYTY Rh ere TE Pea Vg aeeege leet | PRCT : a ARR Renae | PET aaSpe 7 aarti ce gu AR mt We tga ion Nae rence ee Ft t tt it ih eee Zi <8iua ’ i ~~ fer PAanaace od : : ae iy aR RANK” CALI ™ - ~~ E re ~~ ee .* ~~) 7 —* an! ey ol 7 HLEL TT TPS ape tenga Rapa it TAT RN ada Nae ha e Pees, cs. < Ma be ae ia f be aa = «e i Pee > anise | 3 Xa pl t2 (Fa ML a ‘ . SN xa en coal TY ah L = F pAPrpnr “ puaarcanayt wie ve | ugha rrr inc der a8 pAaaaiy! ah Te § WY eawnanan nn P ANG an PD ry Tao. ae ~\8 = a RRR AA WY tr nes a meedeaté ATTY ARM IEL eo eeenee a | PRRPRRE ERR Ag) 28a. ere, MAAR, ma oe Wena, “8% 4 = nal ATi Lala Ree hahtan, ap 1 on casasash an That Pm ty ay : Sabi we ianssee aha PARAM nnae pa RUMAMALA ARAN rmcnan Heenan . atta pl PT IN CT ees ar Athina®’ Aa 1h aha fa fis tae Be oolte@amtinereenraeleeauer cpio t pyar bX), WY bd te | 1h TAL ays WAsala,, . oa sottonne "on NMghal oa Ve te in G ee Cee ete gpa keheheac.th . Vag ay by bo, ? 94. St. rz as ' Oup SeRrigs, CONTINUATION OF THE Jf New, Serizs, Vou. XXXV. BULLETIN or THE NutraLty ORNITHOLOGICAL CLUB Vion kono Vii. ‘The Auk A Quarterly Journal Of Ornithology EDITOR J. A. ALLEN ASSOCIATE EDITOR FRANK M. CHAPMAN VOLUME XXVII PUBLISHED BY The American Ornithologists’ Union CAMBRIDGE, MASS. ’ | 1910 “ Marion AL YS Entered as second-class mail matter in the Post Office at Boston, Mass. au ‘ ‘ mW Ue) ta) Mae a eo COT er Les Ath Rae fee GER th. Ss BMS Gay FRG rh as ae ee ett 4 Hes i ‘ 4 4 , J i P\ LE i ‘ ny S PO Lee i wn a an CONTENTS OF VOLUME XXVII. NUMBER I. ADDITIONAL NoTEs ON THE Birps oF LABRADOR. By Charles W. Townsend, M. D., and A. C. Bent. (Plates I-III.) One Hunprep Breeprne Birps or AN InitNors TeN-MILe Rapwvs. By Isaac E. Hess. THE PALM-LEAF ORIOLE. By Florence Merriam Bailey. (Plates IV and V.) Some Winrer Birps or THE SEASON 1908-9 IN WAYNE County, Micuiean. By J. Claire Wood . : AupuBon’s LABRADOR TRIP OF 1833. By Ruthven Deane A Winter or Rare Birps at Orrawa, OnTARIO. By G. Hifrig Two New Svusspecies or NortH AMERICAN Birps. By Lows B. Bishop, M.D. : 3 : ; Tue INCREASE oF AvsTRAL Brrps av ITHaca. " By Albert H. Wright and Arthur A. Allen : : ; : Notes ON SoME Ouro Birps. By W.F.H enninger. (Plate VI.) TWENTY-SEVENTH STATED MEETING OF THE AMBRICAN ORNITHOLO- cists’ Union. By John H. Sage GENERAL NOTES. Pacs 1 19 33 36 42 53 59 63 66 69 The Brown Pelican in Illinois, 75; A New Bird for [linois, 75; The Black Duck Summering near Philadelphia, 75; Ducks at Monroe, Michigan, 76; A Small Flight of Gadwalls (Chaulelasmus streperus) near New York, 77; An Albino Duck, 78; Snow Geese in Fram- ingham, Mass., 78: Another Swan for "Maine, 78; The Wood Ibis (Mycteria americana) in the Mountains of North Carolina, 79; An Egret in Rhode Island, 79; Capture of the Northern Phalarope near Springfield, Mass., 79; A Recent Record for the Eskimo Curlew, 79; Pinnated Grouse in Southern Canada, 79; Golden Eagle taken in West Florida, 80; The Osprey a Breeder on the Catawba River, near Morganton, North Carolina, 80; A New Name for Psephotus multicolor, 80; Fork-tailed Flycatcher in Maine, 80; The Bobolink at Philadelphia, Pa., and Vicinity in Summer and Autumn, 81; Regular Summer Crossbills at Ithaca, Ne Vis5nc3; Breeding of the White-throated Sparrow in Yates County, N. Y., 83; The Grasshopper Sparrow in Ontario, 84; The Cerulean Warbler (Dendroica cerulea) Breeding in Burke County, N. C., 84; The Orange-crowned Warbler in New Jersey Again, 85; W arbling 2 Song of the Hudsonian Chickadee, 86; Find- ing of Three Rare Nests in New Jersey, 87; Concerning Three alleged ‘Erroneous Georgia Records,” 88: Purple Gallinule, Sabine’s Gull, and other Rare Birds in Quebec, 89; Colorado Notes, 89; Birds of Central Alberta, 89; Two Additions to the Avifauna of South carolina, 90; Recent Albinos from Illinois and Michigan, 91; Destruction of Young Water Birds by a Storm, 92; The Tagging of Nesting Birds, 92; Two additional Copper- plates of the Folio Edition of Audubon’s ‘ Birds of America,’ 93. iii Contents of Volume XXVII. RECENT LITERATURE. Sharpe’s Hand-List of Birds, 93; Stone’s ‘The Birds of New Jersey,’ 95; G. M. Allen’s List of the Birds of New England, 97; Osgood’s ‘Biological Investigations in Alaska and Yukon Territory,’ 97; Seton on the Mammals and Birds of Manitoba, 98; Cory’s ‘The Birds of the Leeward Islands,’ 99; Fisher on the Economic Value of Predaceous Birds and Mammals, 100; Beebe on the Breeding of Canada Geese in Captivity, 100; Shufeldt on the Osteology of Arachnothera magna, 101; MecPherson’s ‘The Home-Life of a Gold- en Eagle,’ 101; Whymper’s ‘Egyptian Birds,’ 102; Job’s ‘The Sport of Bird Study,’ 102; Verrill on the Birds of San Domingo, 103; G. B. Grinnell on the Wild Turkey, 104; Report of the Chief of the Bureau of Biological Survey, 1909, 104; Fifth Annual Re- port of the National Association of Audubon Societies, 106; Macoun’s ‘Catalogue of Canadian Birds,’ 107; Publications Re- ceived, 109. NOTES AND NEWS. The Fifth International Ornithological Congress, 111; The Collection of Birds in the Academy of Natural Sciences at Philadelphia, 111; Additions to the Collection of Birds in the Museum of Compara- tive Zodlogy, 111; Additions to the Collection of Birds in the American Museum of Natural History, 111; The Worthen Col- lection of Birds, 112; Offer of an Award for the Discovery of the Nest of a Passenger Pigeon, 112. NUMBER II. Pace In Memoriam: JAMES CusHinec Merritt. By William Brewster. (Plate VII.) : ; ; ; : eee ; seh ails} In Memoriam: CHARLES ALpRIcH. By Ruthven Deane. (Plate VIII.) \ 2 : i : A i ; : ; pee lake) RicHARD BOWDLER SHARPE. By J. A. Allen. (Plate IX.) . 24 Notes ON SOME OF THE RARER BirpDS OF WASHTENAW COUNTY, Micuican. By N. A. Wood and A. D. Tinker : é fe 29 Birp Notes FROM SauipA, CHAFFEE County, Cotorapo. By Edward E. Warren : g ; ; : ‘ : » 142 AN APPARENTLY NEw SpPEcIES OF CARRION Hawk OF THE GENUS Ibycter. By William E. D. Scott . 3 ‘ : : a elaZ THE Tacaine or Witp Brrps: Report or ProGREss IN 1909. By Leon J. Cole : . ‘ : 4 ; : , a) ls) A List oF Brrps OBSERVED AT ASHLAND, VIRGINIA. By G. C. Em- body : ; : ; ; : : : ; 70) 69 THE CouRTSHIPS OF GOLDEN-EYE AND Erper Ducks. By Charles W. Townsend, M. D. , : F ‘ ‘ : 4 faa mallt7/ NOTES ON THE FLorIDA GALLINULE IN PHILADELPHIA County, Pa. By Richard F. Miller. i : - : : : su) L8H BIRDS OBSERVED IN SASKATCHEWAN DURING THE SUMMER OF 1909. By John F. Ferry. (Plates X—XII.) 185 Contents of Volume XXVII. GENERAL NOTES. A Parasitic Jaeger near Ottawa, Ontario, 204; European Widgeon (Mareca penelope) in Florida, 204; Two Records of the Golden- eye at De Funiak Springs, Florida, 205; Nesting of the Black Duck in Yates County, N. Y., 205; A Bittern taken in West Florida, 205; Northern Phalarope in Bladen County, North Carolina, 206; Wilson’s Snipe Wintering near Boston, Mass., 206; Another Golden Eagle taken in West Florida, 206; Another Pigeon Hawk in Maine in Winter, 207; Further Notes on the Occurrence of the Pigeon Hawk in Winter near Portland, Maine, 207; Barn Owl in Colorado, 207; Snowy Owl in Yates County, N. Y., 207; Bubo virginianus occidentalis in Michigan, 208; Tur- key Vulture in Northern Steuben County, N. Y., 208; The Last Passenger Pigeon in Wayne County, Michigan, 208; Carolina Parakeet (Conurus carolinensis), 209; Acadian Flycatcher in Ontario, 209; Magpie in Knox County, Indiana, 210; A Correc- tion: A New Bird for the United States, 210; A Migration of Longspurs over Chicago on December 13, 1909, 210; Winter Migration at Night, 211; The Seaside Sparrow on Cape Cod, Massachusetts, in Winter, 211; Further Notes on the Lark Sparrow in Southwestern Pennsylvania, 211; A Chipping Sparrow in late December at Boston, Mass., 211; Cerulean Warbler (Dendroica cerulea) in Northern New Jersey, 212; A Wintering Brown Thrasher in Northern New Jersey, 212; A Carolina Wren in New London County, Conn., 213; Wilson’s Thrush (Hylocichla fus- cescens) a common Breeder near Allegheny, Pa., 213; Concerning Three Erroneous Georgia Records, 213; Birds of Central Alberta, 214; Breeding Records from Southern Illinois, 216; Notes from Eastern Ohio, 216; New Records for the State of Washington, 217; Some Rare Occurrences in Yates County, N. Y., 218; Notes from Boulder County, Colorado, 218; Massachusetts Notes, 219; Bird Notes from Springfield, Mass., and Vicinity, 221; Another Tagged Bird heard from, 221. RECENT LITERATURE. Thayer on Concealing Coloration in Animals, 222; Howard’s The British Warblers,’ Part IV, 225; Reed and Wright on the Birds of Cayuga Lake Basin, N. Y., 226; Beebe on the ‘Ecology of the Hoatzin,’ 227; Beebe on Birds of Northeastern Venezuela, 227; Report on the Immigration of Summer Residents in England and Wales in the Spring of 1908, 228; L. H. Miller on California Fossil Birds, 228; Ticehurst’s ‘A History of the Birds of Kent,’ 230; J. Grinnell on New North American Birds, 232; Beebe on the Tail Feathers of the Motmot, 234; ‘Cassinia,’ 235; J. Grinnell on the Birds of the Prince William Sound Region, Alaska, 236; McGre- oe ‘A Manual of Philippine Birds,’ 237; Publications Received, NOTES AND NEWS. Obituary: Henry Hillyer Giglioli, 240; John Farwell Ferry, 240. The Kuser Asiatic Expedition, 241; Twentieth Anniversary of the Delaware Valley Ornithological Club, 242; Efforts to Discover urviving Representatives of the Passenger Pigeon, 243; De- struction of Sea Birds by Japanese Poachers, 243. vi Contents of Volume XXVITI. NUMBER III. MIGRATION OF THE PAcIFIC PLOVER TO AND FROM THE HAWAIIAN Istanps. By H.W.Henshaw . : NoTes ON THE MIGRATION OF THE Canapa Goose in Eastern MassacuuseTts. By J. C. Phillips SumMER AND Fait Brrps oF THE HAMLIN LAKE REGION, Mason County, Micu. By Ralph Works Chaney Nores ON THE Birps OF PIMA See ARIZONA. ‘By Steven Sargent Visher : : : : : Tur BLACK-THROATED GREEN WARBLER. By Cordelia J. Stanwood. (Plates XIII and XIV.) s : Notes on THE SUMMER Brrps or KENTUCKY AND TENNESSEE. By Arthur H. Howell : : Brrp PHOTOGRAPHING IN THE CAROLINAS. Wirn aN ANNOTATED List OF THE Brrps OBSERVED. By B.S. Bowdish and P. B. Philipp. (Plates XV—XVII.) d ; : RESURRECTION oF THE RED-LEGGED Biack Duck. By William Brewster : : 3 Henstow’s SpaRRow Aas AN Onto Brep. By W. F. Henninger. (Plate XVIII.) : : : : ‘ 2 : : GENERAL NOTES. Black Brant (Branta nigricans) in Massachusetts, 336; Notes on Chen cerulescens, Chen rossi, and other Waterfowl in Louisi- ana, 337; Another King Rail in Massachusetts, 339; Knot (Tringa canutus) Wintering in Massachusetts, 339; Breeding of the Long-eared Owl in Philadelphia County, Pa., 340; North- western Saw-whet and Snowy Owls in Oregon, 340; A Hybrid Flicker in Eastern Missouri, 340; The Wintering of Meadowlarks at Pine Point, Maine, 341; Calcarius lapponicus at Monomoy, Mass., in April, 341; The Chestnut-collared Longspur in Illinois, 341; The Type Locality of Vireo belli, 342. The Redstart in Southern New Jersey in Summer, 343; Providential Supply of Food for Birds in a Blizzard, 343; The Avocet and Other Shore- birds at Ithaca during the Fall of 1909, 344; Top-White on Mam- mals and Birds, 345. RECENT LITERATURE. Eaton’s ‘Birds of New York,’ 348; Godman’s ‘Monograph of the Petrels,’ 350; Coward’s “The Vertebrate Fauna of Cheshire,’ 351; The Beebe’s ‘Our Search for a Wilderness,’ 353; Festa’s ‘In Darien and in Ecuador,’ 354; Thoreau’s ‘Notes on New England Birds,’ 355; Ridgway on N ew Forms of Swifts and Hummingbirds, 356; Swarth on Two New Owls from Arizona, 356; Maillard on the Redwings of California, 357; Clark on Birds Collected or Observed in the North Pacific Ocean and adjacent Seas, 357; Clark on Birds collected by P. L. Jouy in Korea, 358; Walter’s ‘Wild Birds in City Parks,’ 359; Collinge on Food Habits of the Rook, 359; Finn’s ‘The Waterfowl of India and Asia,’ 360; Publica- tions Received, 361. CORRESPONDENCE. ‘Concealing Coloration,’ 363. GENERAL NOTES. The Red-billed Tropic-bird in Arizona, 450; Status of the Black Duck (Anas rubripes) in Colorado, 451; The Blue-winged Teal in Cuba in Summer, 452; The Turnstone at Grosse Isle, Michigan, 452; A Massachusetts Record for the White-tailed Kite, 453; Notes on the Bald Eagle in Georgia, 454; Hawk Owl (Surnia ulula caparoch) in Michigan, 454; The Snowy Owl (Nyctea nyctea) taken in South Carolina, 455; Nesting Colonies of the Green-crested Flycatcher and Parula Warbler, Past and Present, 455; An Albinistic White-throated Sparrow, 457; Supposed Nest- ing "of the Pine-woods and Bachman’s Sparrows in Chatham County, Georgia, 457; Nesting of Passerherbulus henslowt henslowit on Grosse Isle, Michigan, 458; The Impaling Instinct in Shrikes, 459; Petrochelidon fulva pallida in Texas, 459; The Bank Swallow at Savannah, Georgia, 460; The Mockingbird near Boston, 460; The Wood Thrush in Newbury, Vermont, 461; The Hermit ‘Thrush Breeding in Litchfield County, Connecticut, 461; Notes from Grosse Isle, Michigan, 462; Notes from Con- necticut, 462; Seven Erroneous South and North Carolina Records, 464. 3 RECENT LITERATURE. The A. O. U..Check-List of North American Birds, 466; Wayne’s ‘ Birds of South Carolina,’ 472; Scott’s Ornithology of Patagonia, Part II, 474; A Biography of William MacGillivray, 474; Penard’s Contents of Volume XXVII. vii NOTES AND NEWS. Obituary: Alexander O’Driscoll Taylor, 363. Date of 1910 Meet- ing of the American Ornithologists’ Union, 364; The New A. O. U. Check-List, 364; An Endowment for Dr. C. Hart Merriam, 364; Mr. William Dutcher, an A. O. U. Delegate to the Fifth International Ornithological Congress, 365; The Roosevelt Smith- sonian Expedition to British East Africa, 365; New Publications, 366; Passage of the New York State Plumage Bill, 367; Mrs. Russell Sage’s Gift for Bird Protection, 368. NUMBER IV. Pace Tue CANVAS-BACK IN MassacHusEetts. By S. Prescott Fay 369 NOTES ON THE BIRDS OF THE SUNKEN LANDS OF SOUTHEASTERN MIs- sourl. By Arthur H. Howell . ; : hoo A Serres or Nests or THE MAGNOLIA WARBLER. ‘By Cordelia J. Stanwood 384 Some Rare Witp Ducks WINTERING AT Boston, Mass ACHUSETTS, 1909-1910. By Horace W. Wright. (Plates XIX and XX.) 390 A Hermit THrusH Stupy. By Norman McClintock 409 Wiup Lire oF AN ALKALINE LAKE. By Florence Merriam Bailey 418 Some Earty RecorDS OF THE PASSENGER PIGEON. By Albert Hazen Wright : ; ; . 428 Tur BREWSTER’S WARBLER IN MASSACHUSETTS. “By Julia Win-- gate Sherman : ; . 448 Tue Lirrte Guut, Larus ‘minutus PALL., IN Marne, WwitH REMARKS ON ITS DISTRIBUTION, AND ITs OCCURRENCE IN AMERICA. By Arthur H. Norton : : : . 447 vill Contents of Volume XXVII. Birds of Guiana, Vol. II, 476; Hartert’s ‘Die Vogel der palaark- tischen Fauna.’ Heft VI, 476: Ogilvie-Grant’s ‘A List of Brit- ish Birds,’ 477; Felger on the Birds of Northwestern Colorado, 477; Wood on Bird Migration at Point Pelee, Ontario, in the Fall of 1909, 478; J ouy on the Paradise Flycatchers of Japan and Korea, 478; : Sclater’s Revised List of the Birds of Jamaica, 479; MacSwain’s ‘A Catalogue of the Birds of Prince Edward Island, ; 479; Hardy’s Reminiscences of Andrew Downs, 480; Beal on the Rel: ation of California Birds to the Fruit Industry, Part II, 480; MecAtee’s ‘Plants Useful to Attract Birds and Protect Fruit,’ 481; Game Laws for 1910, 481; Publications Received, 481. CORRESPONDENCE. The Possessive Form for Personal Bird Names, 483. NOTES AND NEWS. Obituary: Henry Hillyer Giglioli, 484; William Earl Dodge Scott, 486. Continuation of ‘Life Histories of North American Birds,’ 488; Bird Conservation, 490; International Bird Protection, 490; The Mary Dutcher Memorial Fund, 490; Bryant and Palmer’s explorations in Java, 491; Ridgway’s ‘Birds of North and Middle America,’ Part V, and ‘Nomenclature of Colors,’ 491; Trafton’s ‘Methods of Attracting Birds,’ 491; Twenty-eighth Stated Meet- ing of the American Ornithologist’s Union, 491. INDEX ; ; : - ; : 4 ; ‘ 5 GE CONTENTS OF Vouues : : : 3 ; : : : : ill ILLUSTRATIONS. PLATES. Plate I. Islands at Watcheshoo Labrador, nesting sites for Great Black- backed Gulls and Eiders; Piashte-bai River and Lake. II. Nesting Hole of Puffin; Nest of Eider Duck. Ill. Nests of Pigeon Hawk. IV. Nest of Palm-Leaf Oriole. VY. Fan Palms showing Hooded Orioles’ Nests. VI. Nests and Eggs of King Rail. VII. Portrait of James Cushing Merrill. VIII. Portrait of Charles Aldrich. IX. Portrait of R. Bowdler Sharpe. X. Young White Pelicans. XI. Nest of Canada Goose; Nest of Mallard. XII. Nest of Long-billed Curlew; Nest of Common Tern. XITI-XIV. Nests of Black-throated Green Warbler. XV. Royal Terns. XVI. Black Skimmer and young Least Terns. XVII. Florida Cormorant and Florida Gallinule. XVIII. Nest of Henslow’s Sparrow; nest of Grasshopper Sparrow. XIX and XX. Rare Wild Ducks wintering at Boston, Mass. TEXT-CUTS. Paces Map of Colorado . 148 Map showing dispersal of young Black-crowned Night Herons from colony at Barnstable, Mass. . 162 Map showing dispersal of. young Black-crowned N ight Herons from colony near Washington, D. C. : ‘ : : Sy eeLGs OFFICERS AND COMMITTEES OF THE AMERICAN ORNITHOLOGISTS’ UNION. 1910. Expiration of Term, enn, His. Wiss FOReeulenin. 6. cass .-fhs cite cr. oe ee December, 1910. CHAPMAN, FRANK M., : : To Vece=IPresidentsmen. «>. Saeeae 1910. SAGIR i OHINMM Elam SCONELENU ereesyae cctels losers. + cc's a-ceaes z 1910. Dwieut, JONATHAN, JR., Treasurer..............04.. xi 1910 ADDITIONAL MEMBERS OF THE COUNCIL. PLAGE eR OMRER VION, 05 2. Siar. cise wie" < ahictayeie te dio aistare ves 8 6) 4 December, 1910. IDO noRs O00 G0. cea ee eneneaeeciaic 5 Gi 0 ole CCR aIS Ore a 1910. JBIDINETE OA ie 18 [ee Vile acre OCR REED Ot Ob Ciccone Clare ee 1910. ETC et ey CAV crsepe cys bat oats ars) cs © «ooh spal heme erbomen ct accetat et bse u 1910. ERICHAEQRED 3s ORAREIG Ws . 5:52 « « 5;sceeqeninwec< uta ters ss a 1910. FVOBERUS a EH OMAS 19 5.5) 21a !s,0.<00, 00: « OMNES ol eothe eiekeies. = § 1910. Sees NN MINIS La vcs o's = ss. 0's 's DRUMS send Spare essa £8 1910. LA TOTS oD a ee SATU OHIGTD EH Rie (cet bs sheets... tale s.0 10) 963) SERIES veka: a1 eral) Pls BBW oO WUE TAM oe case's « «o's CMe em sas CORY CHARTERS BS seren s:c.050 5.510 « 2 EM aren Soe Ex-Presidents. | Dyers ca iieh) Dt Cee ee Mier ane CEPA a2 ccs ihcw ss» os MEI Re ws, «0s UIDG WAR LOBE T 556.04 cuis (crm aes +s oe a, oo Epiroriau Starr or ‘THE Auk.’ ALGON, Jeet Or «.. 6 auieicie ais. « « « RCM cso 0/0 December, 1910. CHAPMAN, FRANK M., Associate Editor............+. ~ 1910. CoMMITTEES. Committee on Publications. Netson, E. W. ; ALLEN, J. A. Sacn, Joun H., Secretary. CHAPMAN, FRANK M. Dwicut, JONATHAN, Jr. Committee of Arrangements for the Meeting of 1910. Netson, E. W., Chairman. FisHer, A. K. Saaz, Joun H., Secretary. Merriam, C. Harr. RicuMonp, C W. x Fellows. FELLOWS, MEMBERS, AND ASSOCIATES OF THE AMERICAN ORNITHOLOGISTS’ UNION. MARCH, 1909.1 FELLOWS. [Omission of date indicates a Founder. An * indicates a Life Fellow.] Date of Election. ALLEN, Dr. J. A., Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., New York City.......... —_ Antuony, A. W., 686 Overton St., Portland, Ore.................- 1895 Banes, OuTRAM, Museum Comparative Zo6dlogy, Cambridge, Mass... .1901 Barrows, Prof. W. B., Agricultural College, East Lansing, Mich...... 1883 BaTCHELDER, CHARLES Foster, 7 Kirkland St., Cambridge, Mass... — Brat, F. E. L., Biological Survey, Washington, D.C.............. 1901 Bripine, Lyman, stockton, Cal). ....... 2ieetresimais isin 2 )aye sieleyele «2 1883 Bent, ARTHUR C., Taunton, Mass. Ne BAER ti. oll GOS BICKNELL, EuGENE P., Box 1698, New York Giey Recsarensre tier hee tov ete — Bisuop, Dr. Louts B., 356 Orange St., New Haven, Conn........... 1901 *BREWSTER, Winia 145 Brattle St.., Cambridge, Mass........... os Brown, NATHAN CLIFFoRD, 218 Middle St., Portland, Me.......... —_ CHADBOURNE, Dr. ArTHUR P., Peterboro, N. H.................... 1889 CHAPMAN, FRANK M., Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., New York City....... 1888 Cooke, Prof. Writs W., 1450 Fairmount St., Washington, D.C... .1884 *Cory, CHARLES B., Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Chicago, Ill.........:... a= DEANE, RutHvEN, 135 Adams St:;(\Chicago, Ill... ..........0 som 1883 DutrcHER, WILLIAM, 990 Central Aye Plainfield, N. J. MGs yo Siusteys) DwiaGut, Dr. JONATHAN, Jr., 134 W. 71st St., New York Ca one « LOSS Exuiot, Danie G., Amer. vas Nat. Hist., ‘New NoraCity...... ae: — FisHer, .Dr. een K., Biological Survey, Weseeaons D.C. cae. -- FisHEer, Prof. WALTER Kenrick, Box 373, Palo Alto, Cal........... 1905 Gi, Prof. THroporE N., Smithsonian Inst., Washington, D. C....1883 GRINNELL, Dr. GEorGE Brrp, Audubon Park, New York City...... 1883 GRINNELL, JOSEPH, Mus. Vert. Zool., Univ. of Cal., Berkeley, Cal... .1901 HensHaw, Henry W., The Ontario, Washington, D.C............ 1883 Jonss, Lynps, Spear Laboratory, Oberlin, Ohbio.................... 1905 1 Fellows and Members of the Union, and Subscribers to ‘ The Auk’ are re- quested to promptly notify Dr. JonATHAN DwiautT, JR., Treasurer, 134 W. 71st St., New York City, of any change of address. I A Honorary Fellows. xi LAWRENCE, NEWBOLD T., Lawrence, N. Y.. Sat ana . 1883 Loomis, LEVERETT M., balitormia Acad. Sci., San Meanieisco, C al : 1892 Lucas, Freperic A., Museum Brooklyn Inst., Eastern Blew: ay, Brooklyn, N. Y.. Coie | s oteeaeee, «chop McGreeor, RicHarp C., ee of Scienca: ‘Manila, Pp. i: Se: LNT, Mearns, Dr. Enear A., U.S. A., Smithsonian Inst., Waekinicton, D.C. — MerriaM, Dr. C. Hart, Biological Survey, Washington, D. C........ — Neuruine, H., Palm Cottage Experiment Gardens, Gotha, Fla...... 1883 Netson, E. W., Biological Survey, Washington, D.C..............1883 OBERHOLSER, Harry C., Biological Survey, Washington, D. C...... 1902 Oscoop, WiLFRED Hupson, Field Museum of Nat. History, Chicago, Ill.1905 Paumer, Dr. T. S., Biological Survey, Washington, D.C...........1901 PaLMER, WILLIAM, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D. C.....1898 Purpiz, Henry A., 48 Boylston St., Boston, Mass......... —- RicHmonp, Dr. Guunhae W., Smithsonian Inst., Washington, ‘Dz oO “1897 Ripeway, Prof. Ropert, 3353 18th St., N. W., Washington, D.C... — Roserts, Dr. THomas S., 1603 4th Ave. S., Minneapolis, Minn... .. 1883 *Sace, JoHN H., Portland, Conn. a Pie.) . 88a SaunpDERS, WruuiaM E., 240 Gente Anes ondon: 0: Maso: ... 1883 Suure.pt, Dr. Rosert W., 3356 18th St., N. W., Washing iow D. C. _— StesNEGER, Dr. LEONHARD, U.S. Nat. Meeearn, Washingtow: D.C. . .1884 Stone, Wirmer, Acad. Nat. Sciences, Philadelphia, Pa.............1892 Wipmann, Orto, 5105 Morgan St., St. Louis, Mo..................1884 HONORARY FELLOWS. Beruepscu, Graf HANs von, Schloss Berlepseh, Post Gertenbach, Wit- zenhausen, Germany . sete a . 1890 Dresser, Henry EE Es, 44 Hae ation Couns Pecincton, Londbnay Ww. . 1883 Finscu, Dr. Orro, 19b Altewickring, Braunschweig, Germany. .....1883 GopMaNn, FREDERICK DuCaNnE, 45 Pont St., London, 8S. W......... 1883 Harrtert, Ernst, Zodlogical Museum, Tring, England.............1902 Harviz-Brown, JoHn A., Dunipace House, Larbert, Stirling Scot- land.. a . 1902 Hume, hs ecm, The Chalet, 4 Kingswied Rosh Siipper Non wood, London, 8. E. ; Ee oo liste Meyer, Dr. A. B., Withenzoligenstasse 17, “Berkey W. 10 » 1900 ReicHenow, Dr. ‘Amnon, Konigl. Mus. fiir Naturkunde, Invaliden- strasse, 43, Berlin. ci. Be... «stg Le Satvaport, Prof. Count omnia Royall Zoi. ‘Mia, Tea : Fes 1883 Scuater, Dr. Puitie Lurtey, Atheneum Club, Pall Mall, London, Ss. W.. ae 4 Bo: . 1883 WALLACE, Prof Te Rusa Braliiistone, Beaborae Siporset es i a A ce Oe 2 ee 1883 xii Corresponding Fellows. CORRESPONDING FELLOWS. Atraro, ANASTASIO, San José, Costa Rica... .....2..seecese eee 1888 ARRIGONI Drcui Oppt, Count Dr. E., University of Padua, Italy... .1900 Buasius, Prof. Dr. WitHELM, Braunschweig, Germany........... 1884 Bureau, Dr. Louis, Ecole de Médicine, Nantes, France........... 1884 Butter, Lieut.-Col. E. A., Winsford Hall, Stokesby, Great Yarmouth, Bngland sia. db atreaitos tn ck etteetre on stars Atti eestabewutints cates ee 1884 BirrrKoFrer, J., Zodlogical Garden, Rotterdam, Holland.......... 1886 Burur.uin, Seretus A., Wesenberg, Esthonia, Russia.............. 1907 CAMPBELL, ARCHIBALD JAMES, Melbourne, Australia.............. 1902 CHAMBERLAIN, Montacusr, Cambridge, Mass................-..2- 1901 CLARKE, WILLIAM EaGuez, Royal Scottish Museum, Edinburgh..... 1889 CotueTt, Prof. RoBpert, Zoédlogical Museum, Christiania, Norway...1883 DaucLeIsH, JoHN J., Brankston Grange, Bogside Station, Stirling, SSCOPEAING SS nies EY a kicrene ih corals aid Sintalerm bias Gs Geel Sie cen iMate at 1883 Dots, Sanrorp B., Honolulu, Hawaiian Islands.................. 1888 Dusois, Dr. ALPHONSE, Museum Natural History, Brussels.......... 1884 Dueis, Prof. ALFREDO, Colegio del Estado, Guanajuato, Mexico... .1884 Ecut, ADOLPH BACHOFEN VON, Nussdorf, near Vienna............. 1883 Evans, ArtHur H., 9 Harvey Road, Cambridge, England.......... 1899 FEILDEN, Col. H. W., Burwash, Sussex, England.................. 1884 FrrRARI-PEeREZ, Prof. FERNANDO, Naturalist Mexican Geol. Expl. Commissions er ueblo,” Mexico): a semnear..c «321s sande Meine 22 1885 FrReEKE, Percy Evans, 7 Limes Road, Folkstone, Kent, England... .1883 FUrRBRINGER, Prof. Max, Director Anatom. Institute, University of Heidelberg, aileidelbere, ‘Germany: ..:..\.... sees «= + ci: 1891 Gapvow, Dr. Hans, Zoédlogical Museum, Cambridge, England....... 1884 Gimranner, Dr, A. St-'Galle, Switzerland .......22 020) ..... sce. 1884 Gopwin-AusTEN, Lieut.-Col. H. H., Nore, Hascombe, Godalming, Wn aveg £21100 CNR i 2 MS cS Oa RE oy cS MS 5 Oh 1884 GoE pI, Prof. Dr. Ett A., 36 Zieglerstrasse, Bern, Switzerland...... 1903 GRANDIDIER, ALFRED, 6 Rond-Point des Champs Elysées, Paris..... 1883 GRANT, WILLIAM R. Oaitvi8, British Museum (Nat. Hist.), Cromwell RoadsyliondomyS. Weseest scien lestets Samet eterels otters eaeme nets 1899 GuRNEY, JOHN Henry, Keswick Hall, Norwich, England.......... 1883 Hartine, JAMES Epmunp, Edgewood, Weybridge, Surrey, England. .1883 HAVER, Dr. \Gusvatee VON, VICMNA . .cieies!. . . aici» cele o> ob heel a ere 1884 Hewumayr, Dr. E. C., Neuhauserstrasse 51.II, Munich, Germany... .1903 HEwnNICcKE, Dr. Cart R., Gera, Reuss, Germany................4. 1907 Hensom, HArrvay., Yokohama), . Gee. . + Gees, « IRs «caer so sae 1888 HmRMan, Orro,Budapestweuungaryen: .. isthe sss siete < «ciel 1901 Bartey, Mrs. VERNON, 1834 Kalorama Ave., Washington, D. C..... 1901 BarLey, VERNON, 1834 Kalorama Ave., Washington, D.C........... 1901 PAT Ya MV V ELIDA Ns, PARI OTC MAEM . . Seateha sro-o:s © MIRBE ec os SRMEicle ss cs os 1901 Barsoour, Prof. Erwin H., Univ. of Nebraska, Lincoln, Neb....... 1903 BartscH, Pau, Smithsonian Inst., Washington, D. C............. 1902 Breese, C. Wiuu1aM, N. Y. Zodlogical Park, New York City........ 1903 Bonp, FRANK, 3127 Newark St., Cleveland Park, Washington, D. C..1901 Xiv Members. Bratsuin, Dr. WriutaM C., 556 ee Ave., ee N. Y...1902 Brooks, ALLAN, Okanagan Landing, B. C. So rote eae . 1909 Brown, Herpert, Tucson, Astden PO a attuens Gict eT OUR 1901 Bruner, Prof. LAawrencer, Univ. of Nebraska, Lincoln, Neb........ 1901 Bryan, WittiamM ALANSON, Pacifie Scientific Institution, Honolulu, DEES? =o oe « wceraste Saye shSORPRSE EUS li Belg soMA NS 16 eC ER ORE eg 1901 BORNE PRANK L., Beryeyn, Pas six aaah aes pera stoke 2) epee 1901 Burier, Amos W., 52 Downey Ave., Irvington, Indianapolis, Ind. ..1901 CHERRIE, GEORGE iret Mus. Brooklyn Inst., Eastern Parkway, Brook- ly thy Ng 8ir6 oe eee eds i ie NSE NS Oe wat helen br Oe 1901 Cuark, AusTIN Hopart, 1726 18th St., N. W., Washington, D.C..... 1905 Criark, Prof. Huprrt Lyman, Museum of Comparative Zoélogy, Cam- DEIGPS) Massie, Sete stile vecrauh als & sunpebabttarucvemiye wsuelifce aialistede @ ayetaate 1902 Daaaett, FRANK S., 109 S. Elmwood Ave., Oak Park, Ill...........1901 Dawson, WILLIAM LEon, 5810 16th Ave., N. E., Seattle, Wash...... 1905 DEANE, WALTER, 29 Brewster St., Cambridge, Mass............... 1901 Drarporn, Nep, Linden, Md . rahe VMware Soler OUNE Eaton, Exton Howarp, Hila Galles! ‘Gener a, TN, Y. Ra eR Nn cat 1907 EvrerMANN, Prof. Barron W., Bureau of Fisheries, Washington, DD on sicin Re ksh a Nash 0) 5.00 WIRE es acess ea 1901 Finupy, WiuuiaM L., Box 198, Milwaukee, Ore. oo tO ee OO? FLEMING, JAMES H., 267 Rusholme Road, erento, Onteae arate. hs 1901 ForsusnH, Epwarp H., 9 Church St., Westboro, Mass............... 1903 Fuertes, Louis Agassiz, Cornell Heights, Ithaca, N. Y............ 1901 Gavut,, Baensamin Teun, Glen Bllyn, Teen... sec k heals ems 1903 GotpMAN, Epwarp Atronso, Biological Survey, Washington, D.C. .1902 Harpy, Manty, 159 Wilson St., Brewer, Maine. ................5 1901 HoFrFMANN, Rap, Box 322, Belmont, Mass........ sae .1901 Howe.u, Artuur H., 2305 8S. Dakota Ave., W: ashinetial D. GC. . 1902 Jacoss, J. WARREN, 404 8S. Washington St., Waynesburg, ie + 5 an 1904 Jerrries, WILLIAM Augustus, 11 Pemberton Square, Boston, Mass.1901 Jos, Rev. Hersert K., 291 Main St., West Haven, Conn........... 1901 JorDAN, Prof. Davin Starr, Stanford University, Cal............. 1901 KNIGHT, OrRA WIxLIs, 84 Forest Ave., Bangor, Me.................. 1907 KNOWLTON, F. H., U.S. Nat. Mus., Washington, D.C..............1902 Mackay, GrorGe H., 304 Bay State Road, Boston, Mass........... 1901 MAILLIARD, JOHN W., 300 Front St., San Francisco, Cal............ 1901 MAILLIARD, JOSEPH, 300 Front St., San Francisco, Cal..............1901 MILLER, Mrs: Orrvn)THornNm, Garvanza, Cal. .0.... 05... tenes 1901 Mituter, WALDRON DrWirr, Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., New York City .1906 Morris, GEORGE SPENCER, Olney, Philadelphia, Pa............... 1903 Morris, Rosert O., 72 Temple St., Springfield, Mass............. 1904 Murpocn, JoHNn, 19 Wendell St., Cuaabridael WES CERS SEGRE | SFE 1901 Norton, ArrHur H., Mus. Nat. Hist., 22 Elm St., Portland, Maine .1902 Prassom, I. GiupmRt, Greemsboro, O. Clan a. «cme, «cubis caine 1902 PENNOCE, CHARLES J., Kennett Square, Ba....... 65... 0. e0ncuves 1901 -——————S Associates. XV PREBLE, Epwarp A., Biological Survey, Washington, D.C ......... 1901 RATHBUN, SAMUEL F., 217 14th Ave., N., Seattle, Wash........... 1902 Ruoaps, Samuet N., 36 Estaugh Ave., Haddonfield, N. J.......... 1901 Ritey, Josern H., U. 8. National Museum, Washington, D. C.......1905 Rives, Dr. Wriut1aM C., 1702 Rhode Island Ave., Washington, D. C.1901 Rosinson, Major Wirt, U.S. A., West Point, N. Y................ 1901 SHTON, ERNEST Tompson, Cos Cob, Conn.......0.s.0.svssee uss 1901 STEPHens, FRANK, Box 13, R. F. D. No. 2, San Diego, Cal. . .1901 Srrona, Dr. Reusen M., Dept. Zodl., Univ. of Chicago, Chicago ll. 1903 Swaues, BrRapsHaw Hau, Grosse Tene Mieh:....!. #5 7 . 1909 Swarr, Harry 8., University of California, Berkson C: al. ran - 1909 TAvEeRNER, Percy A., 55 Elmhurst Ave., Highland Park, Mich. . x09 Disvan, Anno? ds aMonadnoolks IN. Eb iiis sees sc cae sc wale pOeee ey 1901 THAynR, JonN. HiroT; Lancaster, Massi... 0.0... ccccccweccvesen 1905 Topp, W. E. Ciypn, Carnegie Museum, Pittsburgh, Pa............. 1901 Torrey, Braprorp, Hotel Upham, Santa Barbara, Cal.............1901 TOWNSEND, CHARLES H., Aquarium, Battery Park, New York City .1901 TownsEnD, Dr. CHARLES WENDELL, 76 Marlborough St., Boston, Mass.1905 Trorrer, Dr. Spencer, Swarthmore College, Swarthmore, Pa...... 1901 WAYNE ARTHUR I. .<. semeeieneeeeets <> «els. 6s) an Rott BENNER, FRANKLIN, 1960 Kenwood Parkway, Minneapolis, Minn... . BENNETTS, WILLIAM J., 1941 1st St. N. W., Washington, D.C..... BeEretToLp, Dr. W. H., 1460 Clayton Ave., Denver, Colo.......... BRIER, DE LAGNEL, 145 Buena Vista Place, Ridgewood, N. J...,.... Berry, Mrs. S. JENNIE, 633 Waterloo St., London, Ont............. Berts, NoRMAN DE WIT, Forest Service, Boulder, Colo........... BippieE, Miss Emity Wiis, 2201 Samson St., Philadelphia, Pa... BicELow, Henry Bryant, Mus. Comp. Zoél., Cambridge, Mass.... BicELow, Homer Lang, Old Orchard Road, Chestnut Hill, Mass... Bincawanw, WW. H., BD. No.5; Alcona, Towa. ve : asec oe BIRDSEYE, CLARENCE, 50 Morningside Ave., W., New York City.... BLACKWELDER, Extot, Univ. of Wisconsin, Madison, Wis......... Buain, Dr. ALEX. W., Jr., 1105 Jefferson Ave., E., Detroit, Mich.... BLAKE, Heancis Gyeplanchard Maier... ... cui... «gies: satis os BuakeE, Maurice C., Dartmouth College, Box 187, Hanover, N. H... BuatcHuEy, W. S., 1530 Park Ave., Indianapolis, Ind............ BLOOMFIELD, Mrs. C. C., 723 Main St., W., Jackson, Mich......... BoarpMAN, Miss E. D., 416 Marlborough St., Boston, Mass........ Bogarpus, Miss CHarLotTe, Elm St., Coxsackie, N. Y............. . 1904 1894 1897 1902 1906 1908 Associates. Xvii BoanrrT, Wiiiran §.; Box 53, Leonia; Nadie as cr else's + ' 00 0 dels 1904 BouHLMAN, Herman T., 202 Occident St., Portland, Ore.............1901 Bout, BENJAMIN FRANKLIN, 1421 Prospect Ave., Kansas City, Mo. ...1909 BonD HARRY I., aketeld Minn’. ica ce eeitieisels obs ias so 1809 Bosson, CAMPBELL, 27 Hereford St., Boston, Mass.................1906 Boupinor, Mrs. H. R., 302 Rusholme St., Davenport, lowa.......... 1909 BownisH;: Be S:) Demarest; Ne S's. 2: 2g. Sieeas skate eee nee tedonohe oier 1891 Bowpbiss, Mrs: Bass, Demarest; Ne Wit. sc.ct- 2. lace esters tetera ers 1902 BowpitcH, Haroup, Pond St., Jamaica Plain, Mass.............. 1900 Bow.Les, JoHN Hoopmr, Greyson Hotel, Santa Barbara, Cal......... 1891 Boyce, Joun J., Juneau, Alaska. St OCS REE MRE bid oo vo 0 SLUR Boyp, TrustTIn B., Kirkwood, Mo.. on east GOS BraAckEN, Mrs. eee MARTYN, 1010 Fourth St. ‘Ss. E., ' Menace IM DISKO gG 5 colada. rect iG RGIS Ocho’ 6.0110 OTL IER RRM hes | 1897 BrapForD, Mrs. J. L., Morris Building, New Orleans, La........... 1897 BraprorD, Mosss B. L., Concord Public Library, Concord, Mass. ..1889 BRADLEE, THOMAS STEVENSON, Somerset Club, Boston, Mass...... 1902 BRAINERD, Dr. JoHN B., 57 Monmouth St., Brookline, Mass.........1909 BRANDRETH, CourTENAY, Cliff Cottage, Ossining, N. Y............ 1905 BRANDRETH, FRANKLIN, Cliff Cottage, Ossining, N. Y............. 1889 Brewer, Mrs. Ernest E., 419 Cumberland Ave., Portland, Me...... 1908 BrREwsTER, EpwarpD Everett, 316 East C St., Iron Mountain, Mich.1893 BripGceE, Mrs. EpmMunp E., 52 Wyman St., West Medford, Mass..... 1902 Bricut, Miss ANNA L., Green Hill Farm, Overbrook, Pa........... 1903 Britian whe Ee. leleiche IN Cy). camels cciee 95 | «6 0 diheemensy eerie 1904 BrIsTOL, JOHN I. D., 45 West 74th St., New York City.............1907 Brock, Dr. Henry HERBERT, 687 Congress St., Portland, Me....... 1894 Brooxs, WinrHrop S., Adams St., Milton, Mass.................. 1907 Brooks, Rey. Harta Amos) Weston; WiiWates.... 2... cclacelew ec ce 1892 Brown, ARTHUR L., 217 Spring St., West Roxbury, Mass...........1908 Brown, C. Emerson, Boston Society Natural History, Boston, Mass. 1908 Brown, Epwarp J., U. S. Nat. Museum, Washington, D.C......... 1891 Brown, Husert H., 72 Gothic Ave., Toronto, Ontario............. 1889 Brown, STEwArRDSsON, 20 E. Penn St., Germantown, Philadelphia, Pa.1895 Bauen, PRAnie 218 Main St: Bristol, Conn 7 ails... cs eae ee as 1908 ANT, AO WE | CGONASSEL MASS. lassie sib eke ws. 5 SMES oo ale Stele as 1903 Buck, Henry Rosinson, 18 Girard Ave., Hartford, Conn......... 1897 Bumpvs, Dr. Hermon C., Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., New York City...... 1901 Burcess, JoHN Kinessury, Chestnut St., Dedham, Mass.......... 1898 Burke, Wm. BarpwELL, 130 Spring St., Rochester, N. Y.......... 1901 Burnett, Wiiu1aM L., Box 517, Loveland, Colo.................. 1895 Burr, FREEMAN F., 39 Thompson Ave., East Haven, Conn......... 1907 Burt, H. P., 355 Union St., New Bedford, Mass..................- 1908 NoRtcH, Vena, BDramchport, NEEY fees... saeie .oegiers oes 1903 Butuer, Miss CHar.orre W., 75 Cabot St., Beverly, Mass......... 1904 Burrrick, Parr L., 296 Columbus Ave., New Haven, Conn....... 1907 XVili Associates. BuxBaveg. Mrs: Crana.E.;. St. Joseph): Mich. ise finan. ale 2 da Dai 1895 Canon mliouis.s Brookline! Mass steelers ie ine ott aoe iel« eye ois 1904 CALLENDER, JAMES PHILLIPs, 603 Springfield, Ave., Summit, N. J...1903 GamMuram iy, S., Fallon, Montana 22 ioc 283 vee. te cieri ieee eee cle 1903 CampPBELL, Mrs. Ropert, 280 Wildwood Ave., Jackson, Mich....... 1905 Carry, Henry R., Milton Academy, Milton, Mass................. 1908 CARPENTER, Rev. CHARLES Knapp, 183 Fox St., Aurora, Ill....... 1894 CARPENTER, GEORGE I., 696 Halsey St., Brooklyn, N. Y............ 1907 CarrikEr, M. A., Jr., Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist, New York City........ 1907 GARTER, JOHN DS Wancdownes (Pacpmere sci acre ss one eine ener 1907 Case, Rev.. BERT He, Richmond) Beachy Wash... 2. 22. sem ee te 1903 Case, CuirrorpD M., 7 Holcomb St., Hartford, Conn................ 1892 Casn, Harry Az.54 Spring St:, Pawtucket, Ri... ac... 2e oS. 82. 1898 CAaskmy, Roppra ©, 58 Mills St., Mornstown, No Jo2.......-.92.5-..1908 CATEIN JAMES E: Ottawas DLs ss 25: see eee oes hese ene 1905 CHAMBERLAIN, CHAuNCcY W., 36 Lincoln St., Boston, Mass......... 1885 CuamBers, W. LEE, 1226 11th St., Santa Monica, Cal..............1907 Cuanery, Rautpx W., 6046 Woodlawn Ave., Chicago, Ill............ 1907 Cuapin, Prof. ANcrm CLARA, 25 Freeman Cottage, Wellesley, Mass. .1896 CHaPin, JAMES, 330 W. 95th St., New York City...................1906 CHAPMAN, Mrs. F..Mi; Englewood; Ni des ee eon. 6 oe. sachet 1908 CHARLES, FRED LEMAR, University of Illinois, Urbana, IIll...........1908 Cuase, Mrs. Acnz&s, 1350 F St. N. E., Washington, D.C............ 1896 CHASE. SIDNEY, WNamtucket, Mass.) \oanereee iets «.s.4 [a soem Sila mee 1904 Curisty, Bayarp H., 403 Frederick Ave., Sewickley, Pa......... 1901 CHUBB, SAMUEL H., 468 West 153d St., New York City.............1894 CrARK)B. PRESTONGDO Kilby St. Bestom Mass... ..>s delete cles cele 1907 CuarkK, Epwarp B., 802 Munsey Bldg., Washington, D. C........... 1900 CuiarK, Miss Emity L., 103 Main St., St. Johnsbury, Vt........... 1905 CLARK, Jostan H., 238 Broadway, Paterson, N. J..........-...- 1895 CuaRrK, Miss Susan E., 103 Main St., St. Johnsbury, Vt........... 1905 CLARKE, CHARLES E., 14 Ossipee Road, West Somerville, Mass.......1907 CLARKE, Miss Harriet E., 9 Chestnut St., Worcester, Mass.......1896 CLARKE, Rowena A., Kirkwood Station, St. Louis, Mo............ 1906 CLARKE, Dr. Wm. C., 200 W. 56th St., New York Gity..............1909 CLeaves, Howarp H., Princes Bay, Staten Island, N. Y........... 1907 CLEVELAND, Miss Litian, Woods Edge Road, West Medford, Mass. .1906 CLEVELAND, Dr. CLEMENT, 925 Park Ave., New York ri Sa oan 1903 CLEVELAND, WM. BinaHaM, Burton, fii.) ih: Sees Se, SLOOS, Coste, Hengy Kapibichlands Park wl. .\.c tees. 2 kites «sable <2 1883 Coss, Miss ANNiz W., 301 Mass. Ave., Arlington, Mass.............. 1909 Cops, STANLEY, 340 Adams St., Milton, Mass. . Ae << Qe «a0 CopMaNn, Dr. Ernest A., 227 Beacon St., Bazin, ‘Maat a. See. ae 1909 CopMAN, JOHN S., Quail St., West Bee bua IVERISS):.. gee sf seers = skeet 1908 Corin, Miss Lucy V. BaxtTrr, 3232 Groveland Ave., Chicago, Ill. ..1905 CotspurN, ALBERT E., 7448. Broadway, Los Angeles, Cal........... 1891 Associates. xk Cour, JAMES M., Woodstock, Ontario. + eee onc) Coie, Dr. Leon J., 177 Lawrence St., New Haven, Coma ose el SOS Cotvin, WALTER S., Bom 121, Onnaiaieenist Weraneee Mictatinistm. < . oe 1896 Comuy, Arnruur C., 41 Martin Bldg., Utica, No Ye.ittece..s...-..- 1901 Commons, Mrs. F. W., 2437 Park Ave., Minneapolis, Minn......... 1902 Cook, Miss Lint1an GituErre, 165 W. 82d St., New York City...... 1899 Corr, ALBAN, Butler Hospital, Providence, R. I................-. 1885 Corr, Francis R., Jr., E. Washington Lane, Germantown, Pa..... 1892 CoreLaNpD, Dr. Ernest, 302 Goldsmith Bldg., Milwaukee, Wis..... 1897 CopeLANnp, Manton, 24 College St., Brunswick, Me................. 1900 Corey, Francis A., 12 Vernon St., Keene, N. H................... 1908 Court, Epwarp J., U.S. Geol. Survey, 1330 F St. N. W., Washing- (Roi ID} OsSien 3 du decloo OC Sb Oc 6.47 OO Ee enDnneeT aT 1907 Cox, Utyssss O., 433 Washington Ave., Terre Haute, Ind......... 1894 Cram, R. J., 26 Hancock Ave. W., Detroit, Mich.................. 1893 CranpAry, C2 W., 10) Lhird St.; Woodside, N: Y......0........20% 1891 CRANDALL, LEE S., 540 W. 146th St., New York City............... 1909 Crane Miss CLARA Ts Dalton,” Wasswmpmincnt. od tier.ct ... .. 2... occ ae Meap, Mrs. E. M., 2465 Broadway, New York City.............. Mausam Ousnims, Weston, Mass.....ccemeeecs.-..scpeenves aes Merriam, Henry F., 94 New England Ave., Summit, N. J........ MnrrieeraRry. (Bangor, Maine...) seeeeee. .....cscee cesses MERSHON@WES-:, soaginaw,, (Mich. .\.: Scape sc.) cee anne « MercaLF, WILLARD L., 33 West 67th St., New York City.......... Minter, Caas. W., Shawnee-on-Delaware, Pa.................... RirceR;, JAMMSELENRY;Sowwille: IN: Yioeseas s< sc cinds sess os Mute, Harry C., Box 218, Unionville, Conn........2.....2....-. Mitts, Prof. Witu1aM C., Ohio State Univ., Columbus, O........ MitcHELL, Dr. Watton I., 321 Barnes Bldg., Wichita, Kan...... Moore, Ropert THoomas, W. Main St., Haddonfield, N. J........ Morcom, G. FREAN, 1815 N. Raymond Ave., Pasadena, Cal....... Moreaan, ALBERT, 125 Trumbull St., Hartford, Conn.............. Morse, Miss Marcaret, Clark University, Worcester, Mass....... Mosuer, FRANKLIN H., 17 Highland Ave., Melrose, Mass......... MourpHey, Dr. EvcEene E., 444 Tellfair St., Augusta, Ga.......... Morpny, Rosert C., Brown Univ., Providence, R. I.............. MuseGRAVE, JoHNn K., 3516 Shady Ave., Allegheny, Pa.:............ XXV1 Associates. Myers, Mrs. Harriet W., 306 Ave. 66, Los Angeles, Cal........... 1906 Myers, Miss Lucy F., Brookside, Poughkeepsie, N. Y............ 1898 NasH, GaaW.,.04 tee Ave., Toronto, Ontario. 5's po tns.ce. wees os a 1906. Nasu, Herman W., Box 264, Pueblo, Colo................c.0000- 1892 Nexson, Emory E., 531 Grain Exchange, Winnipeg, Manitoba...... 1908 Netson, JAMEs ALLEN, Bureau of Entomology, Washington, D. C...1898 NEWHALL, Danie S., Strafford, Chester Co., Pa.......5...0..--05> 1908 Newman, Rev. STEPHEN M., Hagerstown, Md....................1898 NicHots, JoHN M., 46 Spruce St., Portland, Me.................. 1890 NIcHOLS, JOHN TREADWELL, 42 W. 11th St., New York City........ 1901 Notre, Rev. Fretrx, St. Benedict’s College, Atchison, Kan........ 1903 Norris, J. PARKER, Jr., care of Evening Bulletin, Philadelphia, Pa. .1904 Norris, Roy C., 301 North 18th St., Richmond, Ind................ 1904 Novy, FRANK ORIEL, 721 Forest Ave., Ann Arbor, Mich............1909 NowELL, JoHN Row.tanp, Box 979, Schenectady, N. Y............ 1897 O’Connor, HatpEMAN, 25 N. Front St., Harrisburg, Pa........... 1896 OcpEN, Dr. Henry Vinine, 436 Summit Ave., Milwaukee, Wis...... 1897 Oupys, Henry, Dept. of Agriculture, Washington, D.C........... 1896 *OxLiveR, Dr. HENRY KemBie, 2 Newbury St., Boston, Mass....... 1900 Overton, Dr. FRANK, Patchogue, N. Y. de AEAOOS OwEN, Miss JuLiETTE AMELIA, 306 N. 9th St., St. Tosepe Mo. MEL Se 1897 Paine, Aucustus G., Jr., 18 West 49th St., Mew York City... ...../ 1886 PANGBURN, Cueoee Ee 731 Elm St., New Maven Connre rcs sekee 1907 Parker, Mrs. BENJAMIN W., 4 Hopestill St., Dorchester Centre, Mass. 1909 PARKER, Hon, EnRBHR@, S. LancastermVigsse cm. cee see > le sce 1904 Pau, Lucius H., 59 West Miller St., Newark, New York........... 1908 Pranopy, RevRages blue Rapids@Mtmecs.. 62). deer tees See 1903 IP RAR GIs e MRD, AlavaypaMAV- cl... ics «~ os eRe ce sre te euel ate atecenerete rote ss oe kaane 1907 PrEarson, LEonaARD S., 132 Beechtree Lane, Wayne, Pa............ 1907 Peavey, Rosert W., 791 Coney Island Ave., Brooklyn, N. Y...... 1903 Peck, Morton E., 513 N. High St., Salem, Oresanal Rislicie + sce eRRLO Peet, Max M., as Kappa ee House, 1001 icearon St., Ann Arbor, Mich Soh SESS OES. 0:0 CERES So: Oe a aR sc, 1907 Prrey,, Dr.’ Evron,-610 Baylor St.) Austin» Vex)... ..:. (1g) eae 1902 Perry, Henry JOSEPH, 636 Beacon St., Boston, Mass.............. 1909 Peters, ALBERT S., State Bank, Lake Wilson, Minn................ 1908 Peters, JAMES Lez, Walnut Ave., Jamaica Plain, Mass........... 1904 PuHILipr, PHinip B., 51 West 85th St., New York City.............. 1907 PHILuips, ALEXANDER H., 54 Hodge Road, Princeton, N. J.......... 1891 Puiuuips, George A., 27 Court St., Dedham, Mass................. 1909 PHILLIPS, JOHN CHARLES, Wenham, Mass......................--- 1904 Painiirs, SHERMAN E., Canterbury;9N. Hoo... ee. a ee 1904 PIERCE WAY K. Renovo; Paap: s\. Mees ieivoimedese «cerepele ss caeveners. crcren 1891 PILSBURY, ieee O., 90 Main St., Walpole, Mass. . Gere. eee LOG Pircarrn, WILLIAM G., 3330 Perv saile Ave. aAiecheny, Pa he See 1906 Por, Miss ancien: Ruxton, Baltimore Cae Mic aay 2s ee: 1899 Associates. XXVi Pottock, ADELAIDE L., Queen Anne School, Seattle, Wash........ 1906 Pomeroy, Harry KirKLAnpb, Box 575, Kalamazoo, Mich.......... 1894 Pore, ALEXANDER, 1013 Beacon St., Brookline, Mass...............1908 Foren; Louis. H.;\ Stamford, (Conn; \::t.eet mieten jaye s« arahdle 1893 PRAEGER, WILLIAM E., 421 Douglas Ave., Kalamazoo, Mich...... 1892 Prick) Artur bs iGranty Parks chllty, 4.5.05, achat ieeeeneaiens) tere 1908 Pricr, JouN Henry, Crown W Ranch, Knowlton, Mont.......... 1906 Puapy, Jamns B., K.H7.D.,No. 4, Plymouth, Mich. ..t. peaemen ce 1893 RasBorG, Ws. A., Jr., 1608 Grand Ave., Kansas City, Mo.......... 1909 RANKIN: CHAGS. Gast. George's, Bermuda. |. ..... 5. eee oeelo09 VARIN, EaNGY. Ca eaiy IS MOLC, Nic Xo ins keicais sou es wa ate oe 1908 RAWLE, Francis W., Lock Box 51, Bryn Mawr, Pa.............0 1907 Rawson, Canivin Lutuer, R. F. D. No. 2, Putnam, Conn........... 1885 ReaD, ALBERT M., 1140 15th St. N. W., Washington, D. C......... 1895 Reacu, Dr. ArTHUR LINCOLN, 39 Maple St., West Roxbury, Mass. ..1896 Row Amun EO WWayie: Pies ieee. c\. oc khele c's ae ae e dcleee 1907 REDFIELD, Miss EvisA WuITNEY, 29 Everett St., Cambridge, Mass. . . 1897 REDINGTON, ALFRED Porrt, Box 66, Santa Barbara, Cal........... 1890 REED, CHESTER A., 238 Main St., Worcester, Mass.................1904 Rep, Miss Eminy E., 12 Louisburg Sq., Boston, Mass............. 1904 ReeEep, Hues Danie, 108 Brandon Place, Ithaca, N. Y............. 1900 Reep, Mrs. Witu1am Howe, Belmont, Mass................... 1904 Ren, James A. G., Acad. Nat. Sciences, Philadelphia, Pa........ 1901 REINBOLD, JOHN C., 376 Main St., Habe N. J. Meeote peter tric eA Ue, REMINGTON, Seseer: H., 216 Waterman Ave., East Prowideeeen R. 1.1908 Ruoaps, CHARLES J., Beyn Mawr, SRR Gtac isha. +.. « otek aoa 1895 RicHarps, Miss Sheen E., 36 Longwood Ave., Brookline, Mass. ..1900 RicHaRpson, C. H., Jr., Stanford University, Cal...........0.0000. 1903 RICHARDSON, JOHN KENDALL, Wellesley Hills, Mass.............. 1896 RimGwawy, sou L., Chevy iChase, Md jimmie. . odie ai ean ok 1890 Ricmr, Coxmencn 5.,,Maplewood, N. Judes «. . ..< s-dcicte element 1885 Roserts, JOHN T., Jr., 350 Main St., Buffalo, N.Y... ....... 1906 Roserts, WILu1AM Ezy, 1935 Spring Garden St., Philadelphia, Pa. . .1902 Rosginson, AnTtHoNy W., 409 Chestnut St., Philadelphia, Pa....... 1903 Rosinson, Dr. Purr E., 102 Huntington Ave., Boston. Mass....... 1908 Roppy, Prof. H. Justin, State Normal School, Millersville, Pa...... 1891 Roz, CuHarues M., 252 Home Ave., Oak Park, Ill..:...............1906 *RoGERS, CHARLES H., 5 W. 82d St., New York City...............1904 RouFe, ALFRED G., care of High School, Pottstown, Pa............ 1909 Roure, Mrs. Percivau B., 98 State St., Portland Me...............1909 RoosEVELT, FRANKLIN DELANO, Hyde Park, N. Y................ 1896 HOSs MoHORGE M., 23) West Sh. Rutland) Vii digi... cs cena. os ante « 1904 RossIiGNou, GILBERT R.., Jr., 2116 Bull St., Savannah, Ga.......... 1909 ROWLueEY, JOHN, 2640 Haste St., Berkeley, Cal......................1889 Sacre, Henry M., Menands Road, Albany, N. Y................0- 1885 Sauiey, Firzaueu, Charleston Museum, Charleston, 8. C............ 1907 SAUTONSTALL, JOHN LEE, Beverly, Mass..............200002--++ 21909 XXVill Associates. Sanps, Austin LEpyARD, Greenough Place, Newport, R. I......... SanFrorD, Harrison, 65 W. 50th St., New York City.............. SANFORD, Dr. LEonarp C., 216 Crown St., New Haven, Conn....... SanTENs, JosepH A., Carnegie Museum, Pittsburgh, Pa............ Sass, HERBERT RAVENEL, 23 Legare St., Charleston, 8. C........... Sarrertuwait, A. F., Office of State Zodlogist, Harrisburg, Pa...... Saunpers, AreETAS A., care of Forest Service, Bozeman, Mont....... Sanvota, Aucusrus EH. @hassell, Mich... hy...’ 20 oe Sees eee SAVAGE, JAMES, LOO7-Mlhcott Sq: ButtalowNe Yen. saci ae eerie SAvacE, WaALrEr, Gris, ‘(Monteer, Ma) c/s ts cw. oe oie)s b wteis alee sie aioe Scuanrz, ORPHEUS: Me eMontonel anki sees erica cl cieh enemies ScumuckeER, Dr. S. C., Rosedale Ave., West Chester, Pa............ SEOumpalaloinrve Jaa.) litem arene Gone oh a aoumo ous boa soca oc SEABURY, JosEPH S., Wellesley Hills, Mass............2...0ce+085 Sriss, CovinetTon Frew, 1338 Spring Garden St., Philadelphia, Pa... SHANNON, Wo. Purpy, 1170 Broadway, New York City............ SHARPEES MNROBERTP a West. Chester, Papeete: cin cicisie sieve eae eee SHatTtuck, Epwin Haro p, Box 48, Granby, Conn................ Saw, WItu1aM T., 600 Linden Ave., Pullman, Wash............... Sursirnmn. Awon: Ry. Mont Belvieu, Texiaicnek «+s. oboe Geis aoe *SHERMAN, Miss ALTHEA R., National, lowa.............0.....20- Suiras, GrorGs, 3d, Stoneleigh Court, Washington, D.C.......... SHOEMAKER, FRANK H., 2960 Dewey Ave. Omaha, Neb............ Sore, Epwin W., 1 Daniels St., Pawtucket, R. I............... SHROSBREE, GEORGE, Public Museum, Milwaukee, Wis............ SHUMWAY, GEORGE Galesburg, [1]. eppemesetee ici siey-toicuetele a isialisia\e mcrae Srtuiman, Harper, 4 Gramercy Park, New York City............. SINCLAIR, JoHN ABBorr, New Hampton, N.H........:.........2.2 SmiruH, Byron L., 2140 Prairie Ave., Chicago, Ill................. SmiruH, Rev. Francis Curtis, Boonville, N. Y................000. Smita, Prof; Pranieeabniv. of Til. Wrens, Mee asen).. idee Smrru, Horace G., Capitol Bldg., Denver, Colo..................-. SmiruH, Dr. HucH M., 1209 M St. N. W., Washington, D.C.......... Smiru, JEssE L., 141 South 2nd St., Highland Park, Ill............. Smiru, Louis i ae Jr., 3809 Gueauee St., eee a Pa.....2 oe SmitrH, Myrrton T., 308 Penal St., Hartford, Conn. 2 A ae Smita, N. A. C., Wellesley Hills, Massa, «SSS, setae eee SmiruH, Puito W., Jr., Box 285, Eureka Springs, Ark.............. Suir, Mrs. RutH Cook, Woodcliffe Lake, N. J.. Ro ERAS ore SmitH, WinBuR F., 198 Ely Ave., South Norwalle onuie we Sucratt, Prof. Euusee A., Jr., Polytechnic Inst., Blacksburg: me ae Snyper, WiLL Epwin, 109 E. Mackie St., Beaver Damp gWisaven. 26 Associates. eK STEBBINS, Miss Fannie A., 480 Union St., Springfield, Mass........ 1903 STEELE, JoHN H., 4008 Spruce St., West Philadelphia, Pa.......... 1906 STEPHENS, T. C., Morningside College, Sioux City, lowa.............1909 STEVENS, CaRoLine M., 52 Bowdoin St., Portland, Me............. 1906 STEVENS, Dr. J. F., 304 Funke Bldg., Lincoln, Neb................ 1908 Srines, Epear C., 345 Main St., West Haven, Conn................ 1907 srokms, PRnnsi My Minesing) Ontario!) 0.0%... eon eee 1909 Bronn; Cianmycn i’... Branchport, Woo¥.g.8: . . «3... eee ees 1903 STONE, Nataan F., Shrewsbury, Massy... ./.......0.2..0. oe edeeee 1908 Srratron—Porter, Mrs. GENE, Limberlost Cabin, Geneva, Ind...... 1906 STRECKER, JOHN Kern, Jr., Baylor Univ., Waco, Texas............1909 Street, J. FLercHer, Beverly, N. J. 55 i ae 25 LOS SturRTEVANT, Epwarp, St. George’s Schosl, Newport R. s RE rice 1896 Stymr, Mrs. KaraHarine R., Concordville, Pa................c00. 1903 SurFrace, Prof. HARVEY alia, State Zodélogist, Harrisburg, Pa..... 1897 Swain, JoHN Merton, Box 142, Farmington, Me.................. 1899 SwEENEY, Z. T., Columbus, Indiana. ve a lcth, Sie set O10) SwENK, Myron HL, 3028 Starr Street, ‘Taneote, Neb! Sabena sO 1904 SweEzry, GEORGE, 61 Polk St. Newel Ih Ce a Ban eee. ee 1901 Swirt, CARLETON B., St. Mark’s School, Southborough, Mass....... 1907 TaYLoR, ALEXANDER R., 1410 Washington St., Columbia, S. C...... 1907 TayLor, ALEXANDER O’DRISCOLL, 132 Bellevue Ave., Newport, R. 1. .1888 TA EOR eLHORNE?C: Eubbard _Woodswillltees: ssc... . 1. seen 1908 TERRILL, Lewis MclI., 352 Elin Ave., Westmount, Quebec.......... 1907 imer Caantas Darwin, Golden, Coloteiee. a. ..... 2. alesabeces 1906 Test, Dr. FREDERICK CLEVELAND, 4318 Grand Boulevard Chicago, ergata NG. Doe 2 sv As e's EAA ss wo aks a 1892 Test, Louts Aaassiz, Rolla, Mo. ad ore rae ells: Tuomas, Miss Eminty Hinps, 2000 Sonaad St., Srhiladelphia, Pa Bae eee 1901 THOMPSON OHAS. S:, San Bernardino; Caley... ..... 25... 1909 TaoOMPsON, ow, University, N:\D.....2. cee oe: «ss one Meee 1905 THORNE, SAMUEL, 914 5th Ave., New York City...................1908 TINKER, ALMERIN D., 631 S. 12th St., Ann Arbor, Mich............ 1907 Toppan, GrorcE L., 723 11th St. N. W., Washington, D. C.......1886 Tower, Mrs. Kate Denice, Hotel Bristol, Boston, Mass............. 1908 TOWNSEND, WILMoT, 272 75th St., Brooklyn, N. Y................ 1894 Treeanza, A. O., 610 Utah Saving’s & Trust Bldg., Salt Lake City, eer sae eae ce ae. Sec. «Ss se . 1906 wrniper. THomas M., Howardsville, Colo.......92).....85.... 080. 1909 Trotrer, WitL1AM Henry, 36 N. Front St., Philadelphia, Pa...... 1899 eeoMormn,, Jp ae Plamville, Comp, . . Si. dels 6 oe Re. sale 1907 Tusss, Prof. FRANK Dean, 129 Wood St., Lewiston, Me............1909 Tucker, Dr. Henry, 2000 Pine St., Philadelphia, Pa.............. 1907 TupBuURY, WARREN C., 127 N. Pearl St., Buffalo, N. Y.............1908 Turts, LE Roy Metvi11z, Thrushwood, Farmington, Me........... 1903 Turtie, Dr. ALBertT H., 350 Charles River Road, Cambridge, Mass. .1908 \ Na Sox Associates. Torin wrcan., Berlin Heights; Ohio. 2402. Seiko vik ees 1890 Turrie, Henry EMerson, Lake Forest, Ill...:-..................1909 Twerepy, Epear, 13 Fairview Ave., Danbury, Conn...............1902 Unricu, ALBERT GEORGE, 3307 Washington Ave., St. Louis, Mo.....1909 UnpErRwoop, Witit1amM Lyman, Mass. Inst. Technology, Boston, IPSS os: 55 seas) 0 URI RIP Se UERIN Be eaterea cele tetcelr oie yay se een ae 1900 Uruam, Mrs. WituraM H., 212 8rd Ave., Marshfield, Wis............ 1907 VALENTINE, Miss ANNA J., Bellefonte, Pa................esceeees 1905 VALENTINE, Miss Lucy W., 2 Trowbridge Terrace, Cambridge, Mass. 1908 Van BeureEN, Miss Louiss, 21 W. 14th St., New York City..........1909 Van CortTLANpT, Miss ANNE S., Croton-on-Hudson, N. Y.......... 1885 Van Deusen, Miss Epiru, 1438 Sumner Ave., Newark, N. J..........1907 Van Name, WILLARD Grsps, 121 High St., New Haven, Conn...... 1900 Van Sant, Miss EvizaABETH, 2960 Dewey Ave., Omaha, Neb........ 1896 VANTASSHET Hie LOMEich St) PassalcyiNendiucas scnilerc reeks eeere 1907 Varick, Mrs. W1tuti1AM Remsen, 1015 Chestnut St., Manchester, N. H.1900 Verter, Dr. CHARLES, 50 Central Park West, New York City....... 1898 VISHER, STEPHEN S., Univ. of Chicago, Chicago, Ill................. 1904 Von LENGERKE, Justus, 349 Fifth Ave., New York City........... 1907 Von Rossem, ADRIAN, 223 N. Orange Grove, Pasadena, Cal.........1908 VroomaNn, Isaac H., Jr., 282 Hamilton St., Albany, N. Y........... 1908 WapDsSwoRTH, CLARENCE S., 37 Washington St., Middletown, Conn.. .1906 Watns; HpwaRrpebeyiyde, Park.) NSM@qeariettin: a sentient chante 1896 Wates, Miss Exua, 186 Columbia Road, Dorchester, Mass........... 1908 WATER, (GHOsemnen De INO: '3, MiurayemUivalien ars crc crsscine alee 1909 Watxur, Dr; Rik) 355 Main Ave.,’Camepio) Pa... . vee noise 1888 Wa acer, Dr. A. H., 204 Bellevue Ave., Upper Montclair, N. J......1907 WaLuace, JAmEs §., 69 Front St., Toronto, Ontario............... 1907 Watrer, Hersert E., Dr., 53 Arlington Ave., Providence, R. I....1901 WarrErs) FRANK sSouth SandisheldiMass’:c acm ccielact: «+ siete sleere 1902 Warp, FrRanK Haw tey, N. Y. State Museum, Albany, N. Y........ 1908 Warp, Henry L., 882 Hackett Ave., Milwaukee, Wis............. 1906 Warp, Mrs. Marrna E., 25 Arlington St., Lynn, Mass.............1909 WARNER, GOODWIN, Pond St., Jamaica Plain, Mass................1908 Warren, Dr. B. H., 236 W. Market St., West Chester, Pa.......... 1885 WarRREN, Epwarp Roya, 20 W. Caramillo St., Colorado Springs, OT OAMR s. « oR Ree = TRE ies attest i a ea OS a 1902 WHEER | JHA, Box2il6, Palisades Parks, Nii. anise eared: 1907 Weir, J. ALDEN, 471 Park Ave., New York City..:..........00.00. 1899 WELLMAN, GorvDON B., 54 Beltran St., Malden, Mass.............. 1908 WELLS, FRANK S., 916 Grant Ave., Plainfield, N. J................ 1902 WENTWORTH, IRvine H., Matehuala, S. L. P., Mexico.............. 1900 Weston, Francis M., Jr., care P. G. Porcher, Mt. Pleasant, S. C.....1907 Wetmore, ALEXANDER, care of Museum, Lawrence, Kansas......... 1908 Wermore, Mrs. Epmunp, 343 Lexington Ave., New York City...... 1902 WEYGANDT, CoRNELIUS, Wissahickon Ave., Mt. Airy, Philadelphia, Pa. 1907 Associates. XXXi Wiamnen,. Wilirat P.,: Groton; Massticiagiemiawercects leiecsse s stagarerarae 1907 WHEELER, EpmuND Jacos, 177 Pequot Ave., New London, Conn. . .1898 WHEELER, JOHN B., East Templeton, Mass..............-00es0: 1897 WueEeE tock, Mrs. IreneE G., 1040 Hinman Ave., Evanston, Ill....... 1902 Waiter, Francis Bracu, St. Paul’s School, Concord, N. H..........1891 Wuire, GrorceE R., Dead Letter Office, Ottawa, Ontario........... 1903 Waite, W. A., 158 Columbia Heights, Brooklyn, N. Y........... ®, .1902 WHITEHEAD, Ey L., 712 Michigan Ave., Evanstown, Ill............1908 WIcKERSHAM, CorNELIUS W., Hastings 2, Cambridge, Mass........ 1902 Wixket, Henry H., Manual Training High School, Brooklyn, N. Y.. . .1909 Wixzur, Appison P., 60 Gibson St., Canandaigua, N. Y........... 1895 Witcox, Miss Atice W., 165 Prospect St., Providence, R. I.........1908 Wincox, Dr. Emma D., 307 W. 98th St., New York City........... 1905 Witcox, T. FERDINAND, 115 W. 75th St., New York City.......... 1895 Wann Manic i. C.. 311.N.. 5th StyrCamdenw NJ... 6. 1893 WirrAro .Benren, G., Box 107,. Millis Mags. 2. cci.c 6 ess cies ce cit 1906 Wituarp, Frank C., Tombstone, Arizona. te . .1909 Witiert, Vicror flocn AusTIN, W vydeeqmiye py nibemaan’ Oriel B. re . 1909 Wituiams, Harry C., 2424 E. Colfax Ave., Denver, Colo. eee LOO Wituiams, J. BrckerTON, Biological Museu, Queen’s Parle, Tenor: Ora OOo ere Ci ee EEE ers oo oo DOOR imiote aoe ccc curl 1889 Wiuiams, RicHArD FERDINAND, Box 521, New York City......... 1902 Wiu1ams, Rosert S., New York Botanical Gardens, Bronx Park, Dea OT CUE ah gig. i sisis +. voc 2 ROR ele. o swiss ea nrere tae 1888 Wiurams, Rozserr W., Jr., U. S. Dept. Agriculture, office of the Soueitier Wasmimeton, D.C... Semeeenatie es. +s + oie sarees 1900 Warrremcon, 1: Bs, )iiuiiton, Ind... eeeqemeci's 5. seen cise smi 1900 WIson, Sipney S., German American Bank Bldg., St. Joseph, Mo.. .1895 WINDLE, Francis, 253 Dean St., West Chester, Pa................- 1909 Wistur, J, JAY, 231 Cherry. St.,. Columbia, Bate... .....5. 02). 2eni. 1903 Wister, Wiiu1aAm Rorcu, 505 Chestnut St., Philadelphia, Pa...... 1904 WIrHERBER, Mrs F. B., 106 Berkeley St., West Newton, Mass...... 1906 Woon, J. Care, 179 17th St., Detroit, Mich................. a es 190 Woop, Netson R., Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D. C....1895 Woop, Norman A., University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich.......1904 Woopcock, ArtHuR Roy, Corvallis, Oregon.............+-eeeee- 1901 Wooprurr, Frank M., Acad. Sciences, Chicago, Ill............... 1904 Wooprvrr, Lewis B., 14 E. 68th St., New York City............. 1886 Worcester, Mrs. ALFRED, Bacon St., Waltham, Mass.............. 1908 Worruincton, Wiis W., Shelter Island Heights, N. Y.......... 1889 Wricut, AuBert H., 804 E. Seneca St., Ithaca, N. Y...........0.- 1906 Wraicut, Miss Harrier H., 1637 Gratiot Ave., Saginaw, W. S., Mich .1907 Wricut, Horace Winstow, 107 Pinckney St., Boston, Mass......... 1902 Wricut, Howarp W., 830 N. Orange Grove Ave., Pasadena, Cal... .1907 Wricut, Samuet, Conshohocken, Pa.............seceeeeeeecees 1895 Wyman, Luruer E., R. R. No. 3, Nampa, Idaho..................1907 XXXii Deceased Members. Youne, Joun A., Calder Villa, Bridge of Allan, Scotland........... 1907 Young, Mrs. Wituram A., 54 Temple St., West Newton, Mass....... 1907 Zappry, WALTER R., 19 Norfolk St., Roslindale, Mass............. 1905 ZERRAHN, CARL Orro, 106 Centre St., Milton, Mass................ 1904 fumes J. T., Univ. State. Farm; ‘Lincoln; Neb. 0.2 ee eae 1908 DECEASED MEMBERS. FELLOWS. Date of Death ALDRICH, CHARLES.......... A UATE re 3 (ct Aa March 8, 1908 BAIRD SSERNCER CPIULLERTON . 2) sedi)» es ge July 3, 1890 PREZEGN;. AUGUST SVON ame tis,)s 6) s cities leterere alete aie leleebetons ees Sept. 2, 1891 SATVINAMOSBER Tab) 5): Cees sls uN GUNES clams. Sree ete cohetebeme ters lee June 1, 1898 Deceased Members. XXXI1li Swans: HOWARD 66.5 dc cy hee re ee es eae Oct. 20, 1907 DEHEMGG VEVERMANN: «s,s: ss. cud eee © oe ead adores oe Jan. 17, 1884 SEMIN JELMNGOYS .. Sc'vonae cous ee bia cne eee TREE eae eres Nov. 26, 1895 SHARPE RICHARD BOWDILENR:. i... let e cee toe Pe aoe Dee. 25, 1909 EPA CAANOWSEL,, TGADISTAS:<).%s. cls cic s sta oe ee near Jan. 17, 1890 CORRESPONDING FELLOWS. Sr TOR Or aaa Peete acre ci sch ec s se)dlavetele ss 6 5 as enacedl ecole Jan. 1, 1900 PANE ONG Wu O HINGs rete ekere nie je\hical bose) shee (cle terene’ + o/s a0: 0.0 s aheieeees Aug. 16, 1900 EY ATEDVAQUIU Sam WASEUID et state iat oho tanereictie re (alievaie/e)a/s\'s. hs seco oe sue cee Oct. 30, 1893 UARISTON, (UHOMAS- WRIGHT, 5 olsiiiss, oldies + edis00 cee dees s Oct. 15, 1891 TBS Se TUIS 0 LEN oT 0 1012s NO ae AS ene Sept. 21, 1907 Boepanow, Mopust NIKOLAEVICH.........00ecceeescees March 4, 1888 BEES Ta VEASNUILU 4us WV PAUEATRETED en EL Pera ai ry crea cu'cue- ose tare tRe tan aveta sch rel ter eraie. eis May 21, 1905 PSU Ve AD EDS AGA WIRY... 5 Zs 5 «oe buceieteeioeie somite earn ea July 19, 1906 COOPrH . AMA! GRATIAM : 5... «wn 0c\s letieaeies tcc dees es cea July 19, 1902 OUT 3 220.093, NG (015 0 oe Oe acme Aug. 1, 1899 Pe aver UTC ANID) 1. t t,c)ais «cs s/s) «+ ce eats a6 wusle o1e.6 eee Nov. 10, 1900 AEM TCE OR.) 0-02 slaishs\eie «oa « s.0°b RRM eters weiss 00's aa March 19, 1906 AST ceMRITERTIY WONG en ec sce «+ se s°0ia) SRMMEMEERS © 0g © 4 bis le ow coc Aug. 15, 1887 | SUES 10150) CD oy Oe en oe March 19, 1895 IRAs Te Meare EUNEUES o's Jagegaye ces sss vs 6.) AOU ae oles» | chad Feb. 21, 1902 Hommyer, EuGmun FERDINAND VON.........00.0s.ce0000s May 31, 1889 LAVAGE EDGAR GC OPOLD......... =< tienes «ss 5 > ae April 12, 1897 MipDENDORFF, ALEXANDER THEODORE VON..............- Jan. 28, 1894 Mossisovics, Frurx G. HERMANN AUGUST............... Aug. 27, 1897 OusTALET, EMILE....... Reta etc.» sein alacatenetiameimln: lol ovalsa aval aieae Oct. 23, 1905 EET EARP «2h. s, slattodcd.ss xs «bce a SRO c's Loe. Sree Aug. — 1904 PREJEVALSKI, NicoLAS MICHAELOVICH............eeeeeee. Oct. 20, 1887 PISS CANIM, WV HBSUR. . . 2s dens ote Seber. ee anes oc Nov. 19, 1899 Pan ney JAMES SROVIN... . cose + see cic ieekleiele oss Feb. 17, 1888 Pam) Gracky GRD INA ars. occa ss, o's ee eeitias « accel, ds ale — 1903 Berea CK MU MGPOUN VOW seats v's as og sins sss Cae Males salinities Jan. 20, 1894 SeLEYS-LONGSCHAMPS, EDMOND DE...........eeceeeeeees Dec. 11, 1900 SEVERTZOW, NICOLAT ALMKSHWICH.......:scesccceseecs Feb. 8, 1885 Sane, DIMMS OBE NE Mis iris ches ark a's Fils se. Kles 0's Dele oko Gene Aug. 18, 1888 SUERTE AIOE erste a Si dicle Gita «ia aie ole o'e.cle ile « sion SRO March 8, 1906 Pn URE Ma IERTINE YPC Anis. 5). 's vidle)s «else's Lie o\c. «clade va atten Sept. —, 1895 WORM SAMO MC WV oc). sa Lele « ais «sisson eines «ae mee Oct. 23, 1904 XXXIV Deceased Members. MEMBERS. URN MPEENT C2... ss coos ove slplsia s oyna bic'aie Bivzslolule et wleaebenoheaee June 20, 1904 DEEP POLEVESTER DWIGHT «(ico saioe wars eres teiaie ee aries Oct. 22, 1905 EPH, WILLIAM LEGRANGE: a5: sire bos aes «cola eure ois ei ote July 8, 1907 ASSOCIATES, ADAMS. \CHARTES (1B) -. pamueiimtete, o's css ieteta init es averse c's aie eens May 20, 1893 WELDON) (CHARLES (SEOVMR Gere sic 6 ee aie as os wis ele sss wes erstete Oct. 15, 1893 ANTM os ied ORTON [ged BAA 6 old oo ig SAL ERROR OL Ot ORRER REN RA ICIaIC Feb. 6, 1907 OPK TING til ae MON AUER UN ctohicy April 9, 1893 Darin, viper, EL eis. sc aves cya «NS cits, stats taller April 21, 1902 Deceased Members. XXXV PURRINOHN ALLBN 6. vc o5 1s cs.2 sae pe eee. eect ana Feb. 21, 1900 DAIS VWATITER JR)... «ccvele dean oo cee meee Mise cee meme April 8, 1907 PERCU IGS Sf INGE WTO Wt «5: o> cig a 'ao\o:ic rere Sos Srouetanntctobote tetaremenens veheiere cine July 27, 1901 Donen, JULIAN MONTGOMERY: «2s 5.2604 «0 on ode eee ee Nov. 23, 1909 ERTORL: | SAMUBD DOWEL Lc:cic-v bne.0-c os cree ese ercresetetettn Cetene Feb. 11, 1889 BATREANKS. PRANKDIN gs ip. ccss5s dass ods ou se ereme meee April 24, 1895 RUSHERS aVVMo El OBB Diels, «| cic «accor ns ae gece enoks) 3! occeceataereh oer Oct. 6, 1909 FOWLER? JOSHUA IZOUNSBURYs; s/< , sis SSREMRNSReP ENTS te folio: W's.» Gus aualreus July 9, 1904 GN O Xap OEEN COWAING:c.6 crs cis oo co 04 SURPARMORERL: fodiens o aia's «aa tae June 1, 1904 er PN PIGIIS Ts Wy ccs css os ac a 2 TREN oe se 5 eel Feb. 15, 1907 SEMAN UNA MUTED WW eegstisrace toes eieve'c os NERA etal oa)0'e) +: celevelens Dec. 4, 1902 IORI, “OER Ge hey CORRE Ce. 6 co 0 6 C COC eEeIAICOIS.. Aug. 5, 1888 IGA WRENGH SELOBDRT FLOM <2. c/<,0 0 <.<,« + ltteers: © «eee as April 27, 1897 IDyoioy, ILigissiico) SN io’ O01) ae A os Sc 30 CC ERREReN Cee May 20, 1908 IGTINID HIN oO ETAUDIGHS). 5c chee s\a/cheva’e 6 «so 2 sels tetetRtersia «2, =a Feb. 3, 1888 LOYD; ANDREW JAMES... 20006. s «ssc ccs... + ie June 14, 1906 MABEETT. GUDHON:. .... «+ « soe 0s + « saglteeeeteteers selene. ole Aug. 15, 1900 MATTLAND, ATEXAND ERM egS «3 |< a. «bo 0 2 + Une ime rava eats oe March 23, 1907 ENETONIBSMENP VENTS IY Do 320. core tes co's im cw ae aust ERIE een Cae eee Conc Aug. 7, 1907 THoORMERNECATTO MARVIN... .».»0by a 2 outa mien: March 16, 1897 Turse, LHUGENE . CARLETON.....i.0,c10.06.c ono -aieaiiees Sept. 6, 1896 WitNIN OR MUELENR Y)/ GEORGE 2).\;\+)<.+.0lscsyoueceueneuioteletel ede en IIe June 8, 1884 VVATHRS SED WARDUSTANIGIY . 0... i. os c.= qarevalarewic ejeteiles seen Dec. 26, 1902 WittARDA SAMUEL, WORE. ...... ++ sigse sein eninic axle May 24, 1887 VOD ANNE TILGTANE ccnp t es wialy. ois «5 6 cag uenaets Pah SAE cc | Aug. 9, 1885 WoOopRUEE, EDWARDISEYMOUR. ...:. se scisinieinincis «+ « olsen Jan. 15, 1909 W ORDHEN OR ARDESMIG Ss... ua 0 ss anche gaeimeneiepele «<6 «6 ocean 277 seal OS MOUNGMUGETIS CUNY, : >>. s5sp see pee rcs: - 6s en July 30, 1902 , a) Old’) CONTINUATION OF THE | Vol. XXXV |) Seti’ BULLETIN OF THE NUTTALL ORNITHOLOGICAL CLUB! yor Yi) New Series, = lhe Auk = #H Quarterly Journal of Ornithology | Vol. XXVII —JANUARY, 1910—_ No. 1 e PUBLISHED BY re | eh The American Ornithologists’ Union bi . ‘se - CAMBRIDGE, MASS. ‘ i . / age) = ‘cil Ree A : i ee es ; x x > ee ae ‘ : ae re »" 7 x \ : i =. CONTENTS: ; aos : “ f PAGE AppITIONAL NOTES ON THE Brirps OF LABRADOR. By Charles W. Townsend, M. D., — and A, C, Bent. (Plates I-III.) A c : : i 3 5 : ; 1 Cee ED BREEDING Birps or AN ILLINOIS TEN-MILE Ravius. By Jsaac E. ess : ; fi te : 19 THE PALM-LEAF ORIOLE. By Florence Merriam Bailey. (PlatesIV and VY.) . ; 33 Somp Winter BriRps OF THE SEASON 1908-9 IN WAYNE County, Micniegan, By J. Claire Wood : . 3 ; : 3 : - : 2 36 AUDUBON’s LABRADOR TRIP OF 1833. By Ruthven Deane 5 5 5 : 42 A WINTER OF RARE Birds AT OTTAWA, ONTARIO. , By G. Eifrig ¥ ‘ 53 Two New Supsprecips or NorTH AMERICAN Birps. By Louis B. Bishop, M.D. > . 59 THE INCREASE OF AUSTRAL Birps AT IrHAcAa. By Albert H. Wright and Arthur A. Allen : : ; & ¢ : Wigan : 3 z : 63 Nores on Some Onto Birps. By W. F. Henninger. (Plate VI.) Fi 66 TWENTY-SEVENTH STATED MEETING OF THE AMERICAN ORNITHOLOGISTS’ UNION, By John H. Sage 5 .. é Fs x 3 ; é i E 3 69 GENERAL Novres.-~— The Brown Pelican in Illinois, 75; A New Bird for Illinois, 75; The Black Duck Summering near Philadelphia, 75; Ducks at Monroe, Michigan, 76; A Small Flight of Gadwalls (Chaulelasmus:streperus) near New York, 77; An Albino Duck, 78; Snow Geese in Framingham, Mass., 78; Another Swan for Maine, 78; The Wood Ibis (Mycteria americana) in the Mountains of North €arolina, 79; An Egret in Rhode Island, 79; Capture of the Northern Phalarope near Springfield, Mass., 79; A Recent Record for the Eskimo Curlew, 79; Pinnated Grouse in Southern Canada, 79; Golden Eagle taken in West Florida, 80; The Osprey a Breeder on the Catawba River, near Morganton, North Carolina, 80; A New Name for Psephotus multicolor, 80; Fork- tailed Flycatcher in Maine, 80; The Bobolink at Philadelphia, Pa., and Vicinity in Summer and Autumn, 81; Regular Summer Crossbills at Ithaca, N. Y., 83; Breeding of the White-throated Sparrow in Yates County, N. Y., 83; The Grasshopper Sparrow in Ontario, 84; The Cerulean Warbler (Dendroica cerulea) Breeding in Burke County, N. C., 84; The Orange-crowned Warbler in New Jersey Again, 85; Warbling Song of the Hudsonian Chickadee, 86; Finding of Three Rare Nests in New Jersey, 87; Concern- ing Three alleged ‘‘ Erroneous Georgia Records,’ 88; Purple Gallinule, Sabine’s Gull, and other Rare Birds in Quebec, 89; Colorado Notes, 89; Birds of Central Alberta, 89: Two Additions to the Avifauna of South Carolina, 90; Recent Albinos from Illinois and Michigan, 91; Destruction of Young Water Birds by a Storm, 92; The Tagging of Nesting Birds, 92; Two additional Copper-plates of the Folio Edition of Audubon’s ‘Birds of America,’ 93. ; REcENT LITPRATURE.— Sharpe’s Hand-List of Birds, 93; Stone’s ‘The Birds of New Jersey,’ 95; G. M. Allen’s List of the Birds of New England, 97; Osgood’s ‘ Biological Inyesti- gations in Alaska ahd Yukon Territory,’ 97; Setonjon the Mammals and Birds of Mani- toba, 98; Cory’s ‘The Birds of the Leeward Islands,’ 99; Fisher on the Economic Value of Predaceous Birds and Mammals, 100; Beebe on the Breeding of Canada Geese in Captivity, 100; Shufeldt on the Osteology of Arachnothera magna, 101; Macpherson’s ‘The Home-Life of a Golden Eagle,’ 101; Whymper’s ‘Egyptian Birds,’ 102; Job’s ‘The Sport of Bird Study,’ 102; Verrill on the Birds of San Domingo, 103; G. B. Grinnell on the Wild Turkey, 104; Report of the Chief of the Bureau of Biological Survey, 1909, 104;, Fifth Annual Report of the National Association of Audubon Societies, 106; Macoun’s ‘Catalogue of Canadian ‘Birds,’ 107; Publications Received, meen OLE) Notes AND News.— The Fifth International Ornithological Congress, 111; The Collection of Birds in the Academy of Natural Sciences at Philadelphia, 111; Additions to the Collection of Birds in the Museum of Comparative Zodlogy, 111; Additions to the Collection of Birds in the American Museum of Natural History, 111; The Worthen Gollection of Birds, 112; Offer of an Award for the Discovery of the Nest of a Passenger Pigeon, 112. e THE AUK,’ published quarterly as the Organ of the AmMeRicAN ORNI- - gTHOLOGISTS’? UNIon, is edited by. Dr. J. A. ALLEN, with the assistance of Mr. FRANK M. CHAPMAN. ner Terms: — $3.00 a year, including postage, strictly in advance. Single num- bers, 75 cents. Free to Honorary Fellows, and to Fellows, Members, and Associates of the A. O. U. not in arrears for dues. y Subscriptions should be addressed to DR. JONATHAN DWIGHT, Jr., Business Manager, 134 West 71st Sr., New York, N.Y. Foreign Subscrib- ers may obtain ‘Tur AvuK’ through R. H. PORTER, 7 Princes Street, CAVENDISH SQuaRE, W., LONDON. ; 2 = All articles and communications intended’ for publication and all books and. publications for notice, should be sent to Dr. J. A. ALLEN, AmeERICAN Museum oF Naturau History, 77TH Sr. AND CENTRAL Park, West, New York Ciry. : aM : Manuscripts for general articles should reach the editor at least six weeks before the date of the number for which they are intended, and manuscripts for ‘General Notes’ and ‘Recent Literature’ not later than the first of the month preceding the date of the number in which it is desired they shall appear. ea ds AMsoa, /-Nione WACibe Oe OOVAUL Eye Aes TsLANDS aT WarcHEesHoo, LaBRADOR. NESTING SITES FOR GREAT BLACK-BACKED GULLS AND EIDERS. PIASHTE-BAI RIVER AND LAKE, FROM BEGINNING OF HIGH LAND. THe AWK: A QUARTERLY JOURNAL OF ORNITHOLOGY. VOL. XXVIL. JANUARY, 1910. No. hk. ADDITIONAL NOTES ON THE BIRDS OF LABRADOR.! BY CHARLES W. TOWNSEND, M. D., AND A. C. BENT. Plates I-III. THE following notes are intended to supplement the ‘Birds of Labrador’ * published in 1907. "They are the result of an ornitho- logical excursion to the southern Labrador coast in the spring of 1909. The itinerary was as follows: Leaving Quebec on the mail steamship on May 21, 1909, we reached the beginning of the _ Labrador Peninsula on May 23,some 345 miles from Quebec and 30 miles to the west of Seven Islands. ‘This point is where the 50th parallel strikes the coast in the Gulf of St. Lawrence. From here, stopping at a few places, we skirted the coast as far as Esqui- maux Point, where we left the steamer on May 24. The next day we started in a small sail boat and cruised for a week along the coast and among the islands to the eastward as far as Natashquan, about 85 miles from Esquimaux Point and some 255 miles from the westernmost point on the coast of the Labrador Peninsula. On this trip we landed and explored at Betchewun, Isles des Corneilles, Piashte-bai where we ascended the river five or six miles to the falls, Great Piashte-bai, Quatachoo and Watcheeshoo. We spent two days at Natashquan and returned by steamer on the night 1 Read before the Nuttall Ornithological Club, November 1, 1909. 2 Birds of Labrador. By Charles W. Townsend, M. D. and Glover M. Allen. Proc. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist., Vol. 33, No. 7, pp. 277-428, pl. 29. Boston, July, 1907. See also Townsend, Labrador Notes, Auk, Vol. XXVI, p. 201, 1909. 1 Auk 2 TOWNSEND AND Bent, Birds of Labrador. Fan of June 1-2 to Esquimaux Point, which we established as our headquarters until June 14, making a number of day trips on foot along the coast to the east and west to the distance of five or six miles, and inland the same distance to the Romaine River. We also explored Esquimaux Island and took a three days sailing trip to Bald Island near Betchewun. On June 14 we took the steamer to Mingan where we explored the surroundings, and ascended the Mingan River three miles to the beginning of the height of land, and traversed the Indian portage path back for a few miles. On June 21 we took the steamer for our return home passing the western- most point of the Labrador Peninsula on June 22. In the publication of the Boston Society of Natural History it was stated that the “arctic area extends in a narrowing strip along the entire east coast and on the south coast as far west as Mingan.” * The latter part of this statement was based on previously published records, and we found it to be not quite accurate, for the coast to the eastward of Mingan in places as far as Natashquan is forested to the water’s edge, as is also the case with the group of limestone Mingan Islands. East of the Mingan Islands, however, the islands are largely bare and arctic in appearance and flora, but we found no evidence of breeding arctic birds such as the Pipit and Horned Lark, so common in such localities further to the eastward. In fact, at Natashquan in the barren’plains we found the only instance of breeding Horned Larks. The continuation of the range of granitic Laurentian Mountains looms up to a height of 800 to 1200 feet as a forbidding barrier all along this coast at a distance back of 2 or 3 miles at Mingan to 30 or 40 miles at Natashquan; it is the beginning of the high land of the interior. ‘To the eastward of the Moisie River it is largely bare of tree growth, and presents from a distance a typically arctic appearance. ‘That it is not arctic, however, our short excursion inland at Mingan proved, for we found everywhere on these barren hills evidence of a former forest growth of considerable proportions in the shape of tree stumps and trunks, which although whitened by long exposure to the weather, showed in their crevices the charred and blackened signs of a previous fire. Mr. J. A. Wilson, the ° 1 Loc. cit., p. 282. pel eva TOWNSEND AND Bent, Birds of Labrador. oS factor of the Hudson’s Bay Company’s Post at Mingan, told us that this was the result of a great fire which started at the Grand (Hamilton) River about forty years ago and swept the interior out to the shores of the Gulf where the fire front was over 100 miles wide. From the high land back of Mingan we could see some still higher land where there were patches of unbroken spruce forest, showing still more clearly the Hudsonian character of this country. All this of course explained the absence of such arctic breeding birds as the Pipit and Horned Lark. Between this high land and the sea the country consists of a succession of flat terraces, showing evidence of recent elevation above the sea, which are covered in places with spruce and fir forest, in places with extensive sphagnum bogs containing numerous small ponds. The whole region is dissected by rivers, some of which are of considerable size, and all at this season were pouring great quantities of dark brown water into the green waters of the Gulf. All are frequented by salmon which begin to ascend the rivers the second week of June. The more important of these rivers are the Ste. Marguerite, Moisie, Manitou, Shelldrake, Magpie, St. John, Mingan, Romaine, Corneille, Piashte-bai, Watcheeshoo, Nabesippi, Agwanus, Little Natashquan, and Natashquan. In the high land these rivers form numerous rapids and falls, while in the coastal plains there are in places cuttings with high sand cliffs. Alders, paper birches and larches are common close to the water of the rivers, while the general forest consists chiefly of spruces,— the white, black and red,— and of balsam fir. A few. mountain ashes and poplars also occur. The vegetation of the bogs or barrens is similar to that of those described on the eastern coast.! Sandy beaches abound along this strip of the Labrador coast. These are in places backed by sand cliffs, which near Clearwater Point, six miles east of Esquimaux Point, attain to a height of over 100 feet. In other places, as to the west of the Hudson’s Bay Company’s Post at Mingan, and also near the mouth of the Natash- quan River, there are extensive sand-dunes regions. At various places along the coast between Mingan and Betchewun there are 1 Loc. cit., p. 282. Auk 4 TOWNSEND AND Bent, Birds of Labrador. aaa gray limestone rocks, of which also the large group of Mingan Islands, from the Peroqueets on the west to St. Génevieve Island on the east, are composed. ‘These limestones are in horizontal strata and are carved by the sea into numerous shapes of pillars, mushrooms, arches and caverns. The high land at the westerly entrance to the Bay of Seven Islands as well as the mountainous islands there, and the islands to the eastward of the Mingan Islands are composed of Laurentian gneisses and granites, as are also the coastal ranges of mountains already referred to. ‘The larger Mingan Islands are forested and contain elevated barrens or bogs like the mainland. The bird fauna of this region of Labrador we found to be chiefly Canadian with a considerable Hudsonian element and of some birds that are often found in the Alleghanian zone. ‘The only element of arctic fauna that we found was, as already stated, a pair of breeding Northern Horned Larks at Natashquan. Horned Larks, Snow Buntings and Pipits were, however, found during the earlier part of our stay on the coast, but were evidently late migrants. Of Hudsonian birds the following we found to be summer resi- dents in this part of the Peninsula: Pigeon Hawk, Lincoln’s Sparrow, Fox Sparrow, Wilson’s Warbler, Ruby-crowned Kinglet, and Alice’s Thrush. White-crowned and ‘Tree Sparrows were migrants only to the west of Betchewun. Whether they remained to breed to the east of this point we do not know as we left that region on June 1 before the migration was finished. We saw a few White-winged Crossbills and Redpolls which were apparently wandering or migrating birds. Although some of the others are birds whose range includes the Hudsonian as well as the Canadian zones, such as the Spruce Grouse, Labrador Jay, Black-poll Warbler, Winter Wren and Hudsonian Chickadee, the majority are birds of the Canadian zone, while a few, although often found in the Canadian zone, are sometimes classed as birds of the Alle- ghanian zone, such as the Marsh Hawk, Belted Kingfisher, Northern Flicker, American Crow, Bluejay, Black-and-white and Black- throated Green Warblers, and Redstart. While the American Eider, Great Black-backed Gull, Common Tern and Double-crested Cormorant still breed in considerable numbers along this strip of southern coast, it is evident that Puffins Sell TOWNSEND AND Bent, Birds of Labrador. 5 and Razor-billed Auks are rapidly diminishing their breeding numbers, while Murres and Gannets, as far as we could discover, no longer breed there. At Bald Island we found about 150 pairs of Puffins breeding, and a very few pairs probably still breed at the Peroqueet Islands. As far as we could discover, probably less than two dozen pairs of the formerly abundant Razor-billed Auk breed on this coast west of Natashquan. The cause for this diminution is not far to seek: — Indians and fishermen visit the islands with pails and collect the eggs for food. They also shoot the breeding birds. Eiders that conceal their nests under the spruce bushes are able to resist longer this war of extermi- nation, but near Mingan and Seven Islands, where there are Indian villages occupied by these people during June and July, the Eiders are diminished very greatly in numbers. We found Indians cruising and camping at various places along the coast and witnessed their depredations on the birds. Birds that lay their eggs in col- onies are of course more easily exterminated by these practices. According to the latest government census, published in 1908, the Montaignais Indians distributed along this coast number 694 in all, distributed as follows: 76 at Natashquan, 241 at Mingan, and 377 at Seven Islands. They come out of the interior with their furs the last of May and in June, and return to the interior about the middle of August. Their stay on the coast embraces the whole breeding period of the water birds. At Mingan we were particularly impressed with the scarcity of passerine birds, which may perhaps be due to the presence there of Indian boys and their numerous small mongrel dogs that range the country, and also to their cats. We found that nearly all the Indians along this coast travelled about with cats as wigwam pets,— a fashion they are said to have adopted only of late years. Between them all the birds have but a poor showing. The absence of Ravens and Rusty Grackles and Pine Siskins, and the rarity of shore-birds generally, of Labrador Jays, Redpolls, Yellow-rumped Warblers, Hudsonian Chickadees, and Golden- crowned Kinglets appeared to us worthy of note. Our short stay of four weeks in Labrador was so timed that we arrived before the leaf buds had opened, and before all the snow and the winter birds had gone, and we left as summer was well Auk 6 TOWNSEND AND Bent, Birds of Labrador. Tan under way, after the migrants had passed, and the last summer residents had arrived. ‘The Labrador spring is brief! The spring migration of water birds was from west to east along the coast with the exception of that of the Brant and probably of the Old Squaw which go north over the land. The temperature was remarkably even. The minimum ther- mometer registered 32° Fah. several times at night during the first ten days of our stay. The average temperature at 6 A. M. from May 23 to June 3 inclusive was 42.5°, maximum 48°, minimum 36°. The average temperature at noon for these twelve days was 50.5°, maximum 58°, minimum 44°; the average temperature at 6 p. M. for these days was 46°, maximum 53°, minimum 38°. For the thirteen days June 4 to 16 inclusive the average at 6 A. M. was 45.5°, maximum 48°, minimum 38°; at noon, average 50.8°, maxi- mum 62° (June 10), minimum 44°; at 6. P. M., average 47.6°, maximum 50°, minimum 45°. ‘The breaking of the thermometer prevented records during the last six days of our stay, but there was apparently no marked change. We added three species to the list of Labrador birds, namely, the Piping Plover, Blue Jay, and Black and white Warbler. We also observed several birds whose previous records were very deficient, such as the Pintail, Purple Sandpiper, Marsh Hawk, Kingbird, Black-throated Blue, Black-throated Green and Nashville Warblers, and Redstart. We wish to thank all our friends on this coast for their kindness and assistance on the trip, particularly Mr. J. A. Wilson, factor of the Hudson’s Bay Company’s Post at Mingan, Dr. J. E. Tremblay, government physician at Esquimaux Point, Mr. Saltzman of Betchewun, and particularly Monsieur Johan Beetz of Piashte-bai. To the last named, who has spent thirteen years on the coast, we are greatly indebted for much accurate information about the birds, as well as for specimens and kind hospitality. In the following annotated list those marked with an * are new to Labrador. For the convenience of future investigators we have given as many of the Indian and French vernacular names of the birds as we could obtain, for these two languages are practically the only ones spoken on this strip of coast. TNsiay AUN WO) POON AIDE PAC Nave, IO Nest oF E1per Duck. oe a 0 ‘yt Wray AA + iene Riek hp vs pane The we a Lh ao | TowNseNnD AND Bent, Birds of Labrador. 7 ANNOTATED LIST. 1. Colymbus holbelli. Hoisa@iu’s Grespe.— We saw a specimen of this bird in the collection of M. Johan Beetz taken at Piashte-bai. From all that we could learn Grebes are rare on this coast. 2. Gavia immer. Loon; “Huard” (Fr.); ‘‘Ournorg’’ (Ind.).— We saw this bird commonly along the coast; most of the birds were probably migrants although we frequently saw single birds flying back and forth from the interior where they may have been breeding. We did not, however, find any of their nests in any of the numerous ponds and pools we visited near the coast. On May 23, we counted about forty of these birds from the steamer between the mouths of the Moisie and Shelldrake rivers, and we observed about the same number fly east across the mouth of the Natashquan in the course of an hour on May 31. On June 3 we saw a flock of 12, followed by 8 stragglers, fly east through the sound at Es- quimaux Point. The majority of the birds seen near at hand were in full adult plumage. 3. Gavia stellata. Rep-rHroarep Loon.— We found this loon much less common than the preceding species, although we saw a few at various points along the coast. As in the case of the Loon, we found no evidence of breeding, and we were told by the Indians and others that they breed far inland. 4. Fratercula arctica. Purrin; ‘‘Peroqueet.’””— The only colony that we visited of these interesting birds was at Bald Island near Betechewun where we found about 150 pairs breeding in holes in the mellow soil of the island and under the limestone rocks. Most of the burrows investigated contained each a female and a fresh egg on the dates of our visits, June 8 and 9, but it seemed probable that many of the birds had not begun to breed. Certainly they were spending much time in courtship on the water. As far as we could learn the only other colony left on this entire strip of Labrador coast to the westward of Natashquan is a very small one of a few pairs at the Peroqueet Islands off Mingan; or, more strictly speaking, Long Point. We passed close to these islands both coming and going, but saw no Puffins near them. 5. Cepphus grylle. Buack Guittemot; “Sea Pigeon’’; ‘“ Pigeon.’”? — This bird was not common along this coast. We saw about 36 between Moisie and Esquimaux Point on our journey east, but as we saw only one or two on our return, we concluded that the former were merely migrants. Between Esquimaux Point and Betchewun there were eight or ten birds and between the latter point and Natashquan we saw only about fifteen. The comparative scarcity of good breeding places would account for this rarity. The only place we found evidence of their breeding was at the limestone cliffs on the east end of Esquimaux Island, where we saw two or three birds fly out from about 30 feet up. In the latter part of May we saw two birds in the white winter plumage, many in partial 8 TOWNSEND AND Bent, Birds of Labrador. ae moult and others in full summer plumage. A male shot on June 5 at Hs- quimaux Point in mixed winter and summer plumage showed no evidence of breeding. 6. Uria troille. Murre; ‘‘Murmette” (Fr.).— We saw nine Murres near Agwanus on May 30, either of this species or U. lomvia; they were, perhaps, migrating birds. At Betchewun we were shown by Mr. Saltzman a mounted specimen of an albino of this species that he had shot there the previous winter. Mr. J. Beetz showed us a similar specimen he had shot near Piashte-bai; both were of a uniform cream white color, with white breasts. All the men with whom we talked along the coast as far east as Natash- quan stated that no Murres bred there now, but that these birds were abundant in fall and winter. In the latter season they were often found bewildered or frozen in the woods and on the sea ice. We came upon numerous remains of Murres of both species along the shores. 7. Alcatorda. Razor-BitLep AuK.— On May 29, we saw five birds of this species between Quatachoo and Watcheeshoo. On the following day near some rocky islands not far from Agwanus, we saw about 25 of these birds. On June 8 and 9 we visited Bald Island off Betchewun and counted 17 of these birds. They were flying about the island and swimming in the water near by in groups of half a dozen or more. They appeared to be courting. We found no eggs, and concluded that they had not begun to lay. The limestone cliffs of the island contained suitable ledges for their eggs, and we were told they bred there regularly. We were also told that a very few might still be found breeding on the Peroqueets off Mingan, but we saw none when we passed these islands. 8. Stercorarius parasiticus. Parasitic JAnGER.— On June 21 we saw from the steamer near Long Point three Jaegers apparently of this species. 9. Pagophila alba. Ivory GuLL.— We saw the wings of an immature bird of this species at Mr. Saltzman’s house at Betchewun, and were told by him and M. Beetz that this species occurred on the coast in winter. 10. Larus hyperboreus. Guaucous GuLu.— We saw two of these birds near Seven Islands on May 23, one on May 25 between Esquimaux Point and Betchewun, and one near Quatachoo on May 29. These were either migrants or non-breeding birds, and were all apparently immature in the creamy white (Hutchins) plumage. 11. Larus marinus. Grear BLAcK-BACKED GuLL; ‘‘Saddle-back’’; “‘Le gros Goeland avec le dos noir ”’ (Fr.).— Common summer resident; seen daily all along the coast, also over inland ponds and rivers which it visits from its breeding grounds on the coast. We found the nests of this species common on nearly all the small rocky islands visited to the eastward of Esquimaux Point, generally on the highest and most con- spicuous place. On the bare rocks the nests were often bulky affairs made up of sticks, seaweed and grasses, while on the turf, they sometimes con- sisted of large cup-shaped depressions with elevated rims, made up only of the growing turf of grasses and mosses, without the addition of any extran- ee a TOWNSEND AND Bent, Birds of Labrador. 9 eous material. These latter nests appeared to have been used in previous years. ‘The nests were seldom over three or four in number on a single island, and often not more than one. They contained two or three eggs. 12. Larus argentatus. Herring Guiu.— Common summer resident all along the coast. Nearly all the birds seen were in full adult plumage; a mottled gray bird was rare: we saw large flocks on the islands and shore near Seven Islands, and were told that they bred there in great numbers. At Esquimaux Point they collected to the number of at least 2,000 along the flats to feed at low tide. We found several small colonies among the islands to the eastward of Esquimaux Point just beginning to lay eggs the last of May. 13. Sterna caspia. Caspian Tern.— The only previous records of this interesting bird are those of Audubon and Frazar. The latter found a colony of some two hundred pairs about twenty miles to the westward of Cape Whittle in 1884. At the mouth of the Natashquan River flying close to the sandy beach we both saw and satisfactorily identified a bird of this species on May 31. The bird was watched with glasses and we heard it scream but we unfortunately failed to secure it. 14. Sterna hirundo. Common Tern; “Stearine.”— We found Terns abundant about the rocky islands between Watcheeshoo and Natashquan where they apparently bred. There were also fifteen or twenty pairs at Betchewun, at Esquimaux Point and at Mingan. The birds arrived at Esquimaux Point on June 3. All the terns identified were of this species. 15. Sula bassana. Gannet; “Margot” (Fr.).— On June 8, ten miles east of Esquimaux Point, we saw a Gannet in immature plumage flying west. M. Johan Beetz gave us an adult bird in the flesh that he shot on June 11 near Mingan. On June 21 we saw about 30 of these birds, all but one in adult plumage, between the Peroqueet Islands and Magpie River, and we saw one the next morning near Seven Islands. We were told that although a few Gannets visited the Peroqueet Island each year they had not bred there for fifteen years, a desertion that was predicted by Bryant as long ago as 1860. The last record is that of Lucas in 1887 who found “a few Gannets....in spite of the incessant persecution of the Indians who regularly make a clean sweep there.” 16. Phalacrocorax auritus. DouBLE-cRESTED CoRMORANT; ‘Gagati- ship”’ (Ind.).— We observed three colonies of these birds, the only ones, as far as we could learn, in the region included. On May 26 at Seal Rocks off St. Genevieve Island we found at least 200 pairs nesting on a smooth rocky island of about an acre in extent. We counted 204 nests, including some not finished. Some of the nests were empty, others contained one, two, three, four and in a few cases five eggs. The nests were made of sticks carefully interlaced, forming in some cases structures of large size. Many were partially composed of fresh rock weed (Fucus) and in several we found green branches of fir or spruce. One appeared to be adorned with some gull feathers, and another with a long curling shaving. Large crabs also were not uncommon on or near the nests. The rocks and nests were thickly Auk Jan. 10 TownsEND AND Bent, Birds of Labrador. bedaubed with the white excrement of the birds. The birds at this rock were all in full adult plumage, but we saw two or three birds on a rock about three miles off that appeared to be in immature plumage. At no place did we see any Common Cormorants. On May 29 we visited a similar but smaller colony at Cormorant Isle off Watachoo and found 73 nests containing 170 eggs. On May 30 we sailed near a third colony on a rocky island off Agwanus of about the same size as the one at Cormorant Isle. We saw single birds flying inland over the rivers at Piashte-bai and Riviére des Corneilles. 17. Mergus americanus. AMERICAN GOOSANDER.— On June 7 we saw 3 birds of this species flying by Eskimo Island. They were probably late migrants. M. J. Beetz told us that this species occurred in the open water of the rapids of the Piashte-bai River in winter. 18. Mergus serrator. Rrp-prEASTED MrerGANSER; ‘ Bec-scie’’ (Fr.): “Oushuk”’ (In.).— We found this bird common along the coast, generally in small flocks and not in pairs. 19. Anas rubripes. Rep-LeGceD Brack Duck.— Common in pairs along the coast and in the ponds. 20. Dafila acuta. Pinrar.— We had a very satisfactory view of an adult male of this species as it flew from a pond in a bog back of Natash- quan on June 1. 21. Clangula clangula americana. GoLDEN-rYE; ‘ Plongeur’”’ (Fr.).— We saw but very few of this species along the coast: two at Isle des Corneilles on May 28, four at Esquimaux Point on June 6, and one at the cliffs near Clearwater Point to the east of Esquimaux Point on June 10. Here on the edge of the sand cliffs over 100 feet high in an old birch stub overlooking the sea, we found the nest of this species containing 15 eggs. They were 12 feet from the ground in the stub 18 feet high. 22. Clangula islandica. Barrow’s GOLDEN-EYE.— We learned from Monsieur J. Beetz that this species occurred regularly only in winter in the open waters of the river at Piashte-bai, and he very kindly presented us with two specimens of adult males in the flesh, that he had shot in January of the previous winter at that place, and kept in cold storage. 23. Harelda hyemalis. OLp Squaw; ‘“‘Coe-caw-wee’’, (Ind.).— We saw Old Squaws on one day only, May 23, while we were steaming along the coast between May Island and the Shelldrake River. To the west of the Moisie River we saw only about a dozen, but to the east of the Moisie and between it and the Shelldrake we saw numerous flocks of 50 to 200 birds each, and from 1,000 to 1500 birds in all. These were either on the water or flying about gh in the air either to the east or west. All appeared to be in full summer plumage. As we saw none after this further down the coast, we inferred that, like the Brant, the Old Squaw migrated north over land, and this surmise was confirmed by several natives with whom we talked. Mr. Saltzman said that very few went by Betchewun in the spring, although many flew by going to the west in the fall. ip TOWNSEND AND Bent, Birds of Labrador. 1a 24. Histrionicus histrionicus. Har“tequin Duck; “Canard des roches’”’ (Fr.).— We were told by Monsieur Beetz that we might find some of these birds breeding at Quatachoo, and on May 29 we saw a flock of five of this species at that place and three more, full adults, at Watcheeshoo, but we found no evidence of breeding. 25. Somateria dresseri. Eimer; ‘‘Moynak”’ (Fr.); “ Meship’”’ (Ind.).— This was the most abundant and characteristic breeding duck along the coast, particularly at and to the eastward of Esquimaux Point. To the westward of this Point we saw many migrants on our arrival in May, but on our return in the latter part of June there were but few. Thus at Mingan on June 19 we saw 3 adult males and 30 in the brown plumage, and on June 22 at Seven Islands we saw four in the brown plumage and one partially moulted male. Nearly all the birds east of this point were in full adult plumage and generally in pairs, although we saw two or three flocks of 30 or 40 each made up of brown birds with one or two adult males. In walking around Esquimaux Island on June 3 we saw at least 500 of these birds on the rocks or in the water near by. Courting was continually in progress and the love note of the male, a loud and rather pleasing ah-ou, was frequently heard. We found their nests abundant, especially on the smaller islands, such as the Isles des Corneilles. The nests were either in plain view or hidden amid the dead grass, or in crevices between the rocks or under the spruce bushes. While often close to the waters they were sometimes several yards back in the middle of the islands. At the islands at Watcheeshoo on May 29, we found about 25 nests in a few hours. The usual number of eggs was five or six, in one case seven; all the eggs collected were fresh. It is evident that Indians and fishermen along the coast consume great quantities of the eggs of this valuable bird, and also shoot many of the birds during the breeding season. It is only a question of time before they are extirpated, as is practically the case now at Seven Islands and Mingan. 26. Oidemia americana. Scorer; ‘‘Macreuse’’ (Fr.).— We saw Scoters in large numbers all along the coast; most of them were flying to the eastward, evidently on the spring migration. They became less common during the latter part of our stay, but even on June 22, near Seven Islands, we saw about 30 White-winged and 30 Surf Scoters. Although it is said that many spend the summer here, these are probably non-breeding birds for we found no evidence of their breeding. The Scoters were in flocks large and small and did not as a rule appear to be paired. At Esquimaux Point Scoters were seen daily flying east through the Sound sometimes in large numbers. The Surf Scoter was by far the most common of the three species, the White-winged next, while the American Scoter was comparatively rare. 27. Oidemia deglandi. Wuire-wincep Scorer.— See O. americana. 28. Oidemia perspicillata. Surr Scorrer.— This, as already stated, we found the most common of the Scoters. On May 25, near Charles Island, Auk Jan. 12 TownsEND AND Bent, Birds of Labrador. [ these birds appeared to be in pairs. An albino of this species, taken at Piashte-bai, was shown us by Monsieur Beetz. 29. Branta canadensis. Canapa GoosE; ‘‘Outard’’ (Fr.); ‘Nisk” (Ind.). — We are glad to be able to correct the statement made in the ‘Birds of Labrador’ that this species “is now found breeding in the interior only or in the remote north and west” for we found a nest of the Canada Goose on a small hummock in the middle of a tiny lake in a bog two or three miles from the coast at Esquimaux Point on June 11. We also saw single birds and pairs in the bogs and flying back and forth from the coast at several points between Esquimaux Point and Natashquan, and we were told by M. Cyr of the former place that when inspecting the tele- graph line that runs along the coast, he occasionally caught young geese, and he stated that he once found a nest in the latter part of May between Watcheeshoo and Pashasheeboo. M. Beetz confirmed these observations. On May 27 we saw a flock of 28 Canada Geese, apparently migrants, feeding among the Isles des Corneilles, and on June 5, 17 flew north over the land back of Esquimaux Point. 30. Branta bernicla glaucogaster. Brant; “Bernache”’ (Fr.); ‘‘Apes- tis’’ (Ind.). — We were told by Dr. Ross, the factor of the Hudson’s Bay Company’s Post at Seven Islands, and the statement was confirmed by several others, that the Brant came in thousands from the south the last of May, flying in between the islands and bedding in the inner bay. Between this date and the 15th or 20th of June they are constantly rising up and flying over the land in the direction of Hudson Bay. Mr. Charles Maloney of Mingan told us that a few were seen there in the spring flying west to- wards Seven Islands. Mr. Saltzman said he never saw any Brant at Betchewun. At Seven Islands the Brant are shot by the Indians and others as they fly by points, and are stalked in canoes concealed by blinds of grass or evergreen branches. We saw none of these birds when we crossed the Bay of Seven Islands on May 23, and but one on our return on June 22, but we were told that a large migration took place in our absence. This migration was described by Hind ! who observed Brant flying north over the land at the mouth of the Moisie River on June 10, 1861. He says: ‘From information derived on the spot, I learned that this bird is not seen much further eastward than Mingan, on the north shore of the gulf. They are found on all parts of the coast between Mingan and the Saguenay, where they arrive about April? 20, and remain ten or twelve days. They go inland and breed on the upper lakes,* or cross over to Hudson’s Bay. They come from the interior, with the other species of geese, about Sep- tember 15, remain about a month, then strike direct to the south shore of the St. Lawrence, or to the island of Anticosti, where they congregate in large numbers, before their winter flight towards the South.”’ 1 Henry Youle Hind, London, 1863, Vol. I, p. 17. 2 This must be a mistake for May. 3 It is now known that they breed north of Lat. 83°, ae TOWNSEND AND Bent, Birds of Labrador. 13 31. Lobipeslobatus. NorrHern PHALARopE.— We saw only two birds of this species, one on May 25, an adult female, the other on June 8. Both were a short distance from the shore at Esquimaux Point. We saw none at any of the numerous pools and ponds visited. 32. Gallinago delicata. .Witson’s Snive; ‘La bécassine”’ (Fr.).— We found a wing of this species at Esquimaux Point. 33. Arquatella maritima. PurPLE Sanppreer.— As the only previous record is that of Audubon it is interesting to record that on May 29 we saw three of these birds on an island at Quatachoo, and secured one. It was in full spring plumage showing the purple sheen on the back. 34. Pisobia minutilla. Least SanppipEr.— We saw a few of these birds at several places along the coast and heard their flight song. We did not find it breeding, although we explored many suitable places. 35. Ereunetes pusillus. SrMIPALMATED SANDPIPER.— We saw several flocks of these sandpipers at various places but they were nowhere abun- dant. They were apparently migratory. Specimens of both of these small sandpipers were secured. 36. Totanus melanoleucus. GREATER YELLOW-LEGS; ‘‘Le Grand Chevalier a pieds jaunes”’ (Fr.).— Considering the number of good locali- ties we saw surprisingly few of these birds, not more than eight or ten in all, along the entire coast. Four of these were on the main land near the Isles des Corneilles in a region that suggested the possibility of breeding. 37. Helodromas solitarius. Sorirary SaNnppipper.— Only one was seen, and this on May 26 in a marsh near the Isle des Corneilles. 38. Actitis macularia. Sporrep SanppiperR.— Fairly common all along the shore, on the islands, and on the sandy shores of the rivers. 39. Aégialitis semipalmata. SmmrepaLMATED PLover.— A flock of 25 migrants were seen at Hsquimaux Point on June 3, and a few individuals at other places, the last on June 8 at Betchewun. 40.* égialitis meloda. Pre1nc PLover.— Two Piping Plovers were seen at Natashquan on May 31 on the-long sandy beach. This is the first record for Labrador of this species. 41. Canachites canadensis. HupsoniAN SprucE ParrripGE; ‘Perdrix de Savin” (Fr.); “Inino”’ (Ind.).— This bird appeared to be fairly common in the woods about Esquimaux Point; we secured three males and one female, and saw another male. At Mingan, although we saw none, we found recent tracks and a feather in a dusting place. Near Charles Island on June 9 a set of eggs was brought in by a fisher- man, which he had just found in the woods on the main land. He had nearly stepped on the bird and had crushed four out of the twelve fresh egos with his foot. 42. Bonasa umbellus togata. CanapiaAn Rurrep Grouse; “ Perdrix frane’”’ (Fr.); Puspustis (Ind.).— A tail of this species decorated a house at Natashquan, and we were told by Mr. Saltzman that this bird occurred at Betchewun. 43. Lagopus lagopus. Wittow Prarmican; “Perdrix blanche” Auk Jan. 14 TOWNSEND AND Bent, Birds of Labrador. (Fr.); *‘Wapino”’ (Ind.).— Monsieur Beetz gave us a specimen in the white plumage in the flesh taken at Piashte-bai in winter and kept in his cold storage plant. Both he and Mr. Saltzman and Mr. Wilson and others all agreed in the statement that this ptarmigan is abundant along the coast in the winter only every five or six years. ‘This was the case last winter during which Mr. Saltzman killed 63. In the intermediate winters very few or none are seen, and they are not found in summer. 44. Circus hudsonius. Marsa Hawx.— A pair of these birds was seen onJune 11 about two miles inland from Esquimaux Point, circling over the bog. Audubon’s and Stearns’s records are the only previous ones for this species. 45. Accipiter atricapillus. GosHawK.— We saw a mounted specimen of an immature bird of this species in the collection of M. Beetz. It was taken at Piashte-bai. 46. Falco peregrinus anatum. Duck Hawk.— We found the remains of a Duck Hawk on Bald Island. 47. Falco columbarius. Picgron Hawx.— We saw one or two birds of this species at nearly every place along the coast. At Esquimaux Island on June 3 we were attracted by the cackling notes of a Pigeon Hawk, and by following the notes found the nest in a thick clump of spruces. It was fourteen feet from the ground in a red spruce, and seemed to have been built in an old crow’s nest that had also been used by squirrels. A thin fresh lining of lichens and small twigs had been added. At this date there were three eggs, and five when collected on June 7. At the mouth of the Mingan River on June 17, we were similarly guided to another nest which contained four fresh eggs. This nest was 24 feet from the ground in a black spruce in a clearing. It appeared to be newly made of dead sticks, thickly lined with soft fine rootlets. The female was moulting from first winter into adult plumage. The male was in full adult plumage. Both birds contained White-throated Sparrows in their stomachs. 48. Pandion haliaétus carolinensis. Osprey.— Fish Hawks were common along the coast especially at the mouths of the rivers, where they apparently lived on trout. We were told by salmon fishers that they sometimes found the marks of their talons on salmon. 49. Ceryle alcyon. Brirep KinerisHer.— We saw a Kingfisher on the little Natashquan River on June 1, and another on June 21 on the Mingan River. 50. Colaptes auratus luteus. NorrHern Fuicker.— We saw two pairs of Flickers near the Isles des Corneilles and heard one at Mingan. 51. Tyrannus tyrannus. IKinaprrp.— As Audubon’s is the only pre- vious record for southern Labrador, it is. interesting to note that we saw a Kingbird at Esquimaux Island on June 7, and perhaps the same bird in the village of Esquimaux Point on June 10.1 1 Hantzsch has recorded a specimen taken at Killinck July 1906, and another some years previously at Makkovik. (Journ. fiir Ornithologie, Vol. LVI, 1908, p. 379.) ee | TOWNSEND AND Bent, Birds of Labrador. 15 52. Empidonax flaviventris. YrLLow-BELLInD FLycarcHEerR.— There are numerous alder runs suitable for this flycatcher, but we saw none until June 10, when the first arrivals took place. After this it was very common. 53. Otocoris alpestris. Hornep Larx.— On our arrival at Esquimaux Point on May 24 we found this bird present in small flocks. We also saw about 6 of them in a marsh at the Isles des Corneilles on May 26. On June 1 on the plain back of Natashquan we found a pair which we secured whose actions suggested breeding. The female showed evidence of incubation. They were typical specimens of alpestris, not as much worn and the yellows not as faded as in the specimens taken in July and August, 1906, on the eastern coast. On our return to Esquimaux Point on June 2, the Larks previously found there had left. 54.* Cyanocitta cristata. Buur Jay.— This bird has not been recorded for Labrador before. On June 20 we watched from our window at Mingan a Blue Jay on the nearby fence, and heard him call the next day. M. Beetz showed us a mounted specimen he had shot at Piashte-bai in January, 1907. 55. Perisoreus canadensis nigricapillus. Lasrapor Jay.— We re- eretted that we were unable to secure any specimens of this bird to deter- mine its subspecific rank. Although it was said to be common and tame in autumn and winter, it was certainly rare and shy in summer. The only places we found it were Hunting Island and Mingan. At the former place on June 9 we obtained a distant view of a couple of these birds, but they disappeared when we attempted to follow them. At Mingan we heard its calls several times but only once obtained a fleeting glimpse of one. 56. Corvus corax principalis. Raven.— We saw not a single Raven on the coast, but were told that a pair usually bred on a cliff at Esquimaux Island, and we found the unoccupied nest. 57. Corvus brachyrhynchos. Crow.— The Crow is common along the coast. Several pairs appeared to be breeding on Mingan Island. 58. Euphagus carolinus. Rusry Briackpirp.— Although there are numerous alder thickets along the coast, we saw no Rusty Blackbirds. We were told, however, by Charles Maloney of Mingan that this bird, of which he gave an accurate description, is common in flocks during the middle of May, but that they never stay to breed. 59. Carpodacus purpureus. PurpiE Frncu.— We saw only one Purple Finch in Labrador and this was on June 21 on the mountains back of Min- gan. It was a full plumaged male and executed its flight song. 60. Loxia leucoptera. WuirE-wINGrepD CrossBitut.— On June 21 we saw four of these birds flying about over the forest near the Mingan River. 61. Acanthis sp.? Repport.— We saw two or three Redpolls at Esquimaux Point on May 24 and June 2. 62. Plectrophenax nivalis. Snow Buntina.— A few of these birds still lingered on the coast when we first arrived, and we obtained several specimens, the last on June 5, at Esquimaux Point. 63. Passerculus sandwichensis savanna. SavanNaH Sparrow.— We found this bird commonly in pairs and in full song on the barren islands 16 TowNsEND AND Bent, Birds of Labrador. See the open bogs and natural meadows, and among the sand dunes, but no- where abundant. [Note. We looked carefully for Ipswich Sparrows in the extensive sand dunes at Natashquan and Mingan but failed to find any.] 64. Zonotrichia leucophrys. WHITE-cROWNED SparROw.— On our arrival at Esquimaux Point on May 24, we found the White-crowned Sparrow common and in full song, and the same was the case everywhere along the coast to the eastward as far as Natashquan during our visits to these regions. We left Natashquan on June 1, and on our return to Esquimaux Point we found only a few birds there on June 2 and June 3, and none after that date. On visiting Betchewun and the intervening points again on the 8th, 9th and 10th of June none of this species were to be found. It is apparent therefore that the bird is a migrant only on the coast to the west of Betchewun, which is situated at the eastern end of the group of Mingan Islands; whether it breeds on the barren islands or on the shore beyond this point to Natashquan we do not know. 65. Zonotrichia albicollis. WuHirn-rHRoATED SpARROw.— This was the most abundant sparrow on the coast during our entire stay, and was evidently breeding commonly. 66. Spizella monticola. TREE Sparrow.— We saw several Tree Spar- rows at Betchewun and the Isles des Corneilles during the last of May, and one at Esquimaux Island on June 3. This was the last bird of the species seen. 67. Junco hyemalis. Junco.— We found this bird fairly common but never abundant in all suitable localities. 68. Melospiza lincolni. Lincontn’s Sparrow.— This bird occurred in small numbers along the coast and was in song. It was always shy and difficult to observe. 69. Melospiza georgiana. Swamp Sparrow.— A few Swamp Sparrows were found at Esquimaux Point and at Mingan. It was first seen at Es- quimaux Point on June 4. 70. Passerella iliaca. Fox Sparrow.— Common all along the coast and in full song during our entire stay. 71. Iridoprocne bicolor. Tree Swattow.— A fairly common bird on this coast and seen from the first day of our arrival. On May 31 at the mouth of the Natashquan River we saw a migrating band of perhaps 75 of this species. 72. Riparia riparia. Bank Swattow.— A colony of about 30 pairs of Bank Swallows was found near Clearwater Point, six miles east of Esqui-. maux Point on June 10. Their nesting holes were just below the top of a sand cliff 125 feet high fronting the sea. A colony of perhaps half this size was found breeding at the sand cliffs of the Mingan River two miles from its mouth on June 21. 73.* Mnhiotilta varia. Buack anp Wuite WarBLER.— We heard and saw this familiar warbler first at Piashte-bai River on May 28, and after that near Betchewun, at Esquimaux Point, and at Mingan. There are no previous records for this species for Labrador. =r ‘ 1 1 4 Tiena INO WOME RES OVA Oe ACE lear Nest oF PIGEON Hawk. Nest OF PIGEON HAWK. | TowNsEND AND Bent, Birds of Labrador. LZ 74. Vermivora rubricapilla. Nasavirte Warsirr.— At Esquimaux Point on June 13 and again near the Mingan River on June 21 we heard the song of this bird. The birds were not seen. The only other record is that of Audubon who procured a few. 75. Dendroica estiva. YreLrLow Warsier.— We shot an adult male of this species at Esquimaux Point on June 10, and saw another at that place on June 11. We found it common near the Mingan River on June 21. 76. Dendroica cerulescens. BLAck-rHroaTtED BLUE WaRBLER.— On June 20 at Mingan we saw at close range an adult male of this species. The finding of a dead bird by Audubon, ‘‘a victim to the severity of the climate,” is the only previous record for Labrador. 77. Dendroica coronata. YELLOW-RUMPED WARBLER.— We saw a few of this species at various places along the coast in the earlier part of our visit from our arrival at Esquimaux Point on May 24, up to June 3; none after that date. 78. Dendroica magnolia. Macgnoiia Warsier.— We saw the first Magnolia Warbler at Esquimaux Point on June 4, after which it became very common wherever we went. 79. Dendroica striata. Biack-pott Warsier.— We found this bird on our arrival at Esquimaux Point on May 24, and at all other points along the coast. On June 5 it became very abundant, and we counted 21 at Esquimaux Point in a walk not over a milein length. It continued abun- dant during the remainder of our stay. 80. Dendroica virens. Buack-THROATED GREEN WARBLER.— We found three of these birds on May 28 near the Piashte-bai River, two at Natashquan on May 31, one at Esquimaux Island on June 7, while at Mingan in the week of June 15 to 21 we found the bird common. The only previous records are of one taken by Frazar at Esquimaux Point, and of two seen by Palmer at the Mingan Islands. 81. Dendroica palmarum hypochrysea. YrLrtow Patm WaARBLER.— We saw one bird of this species on May 31 at Natashquan, another in full song at Esquimaux Point on June 3. 82. Seiurus noveboracensis. Watrrer-THRUsH.— We observed one bird of this species at Natashquan on May 31, and another at Mingan on June 21. 83. Geothlypis trichas. Marynanp YELLOw-rHROAT.— A fairly com- mon bird at Esquimaux Point and Mingan. The first bird was seen at Esquimaux Point on June 2. 84. Wilsonia pusilla. Wuitson’s WarBier.— A very common warbler, but not seen until June 4, when four appeared at Esquimaux Point. After this they were very common and in full song everywhere. 85. Setophaga ruticilla. Repsrarr.— We saw and shot the first Red- start on Esquimaux Island on June 7. After that the bird was fairly common here and at Mingan. The previous records for Labrador are very scanty. 85. Anthus rubescens. Prrrr.— We found this bird in large flocks at Esquimaux Point from our arrival up to June 7, after which date no birds Auk Jan, 18 TOWNSEND AND Bent, Birds of Labrador. were to be found. We also saw 6 at Betchewun on May 25 and a flock of at least 50 at Natashquan on May 31. 87. Nannus hiemalis. Winter Wren.— At Esquimaux Point on June 4 we heard a Winter Wren singing, and saw one at a different locality there on June 13. We also heard one singing near the Mingan River on June 21. 88. Penthestes hudsonicus. Hupsonran CuickApEE.— The only place we found these birds was at the Little Natashquan River where we saw a pair on June 1. 89. Regulus satrapa. GoLDEN-cROWNED KineLter.— We saw one individual of this species at Natashquan on May 31, and another at Esqui- maux Island on June 3. 90. Regulus calendula. Ruspy-crowNnEp KineGLEers.— A common bird everywhere, and its delightful song was constantly heard. We found it on the first day at Esquimaux Point. 91. Hylocichla alicie. Aticr’s THrusu.— At Esquimaux Point on June 2 we saw the first of this species, and a few after this. On June 13 we shot a female there with ovary slightly enlarged. A few were seen at Mingan supposedly of this species but they were not satisfactorily identified. We did not hear it sing. 92. Hylocichla guttata pallasi. Hrermir THrusH.— A common bird and in full song on and after June 4. 93. Planesticus migratorius. Roprn; ‘‘Le Merle” (Fr.).— Abundant during our entire stay, especially so on our arrival at Hsquimaux Point on the afternoon of May 24, when there appeared to be numerous migrants of recent arrival. A nest containing a set of three eggs nearly ready to hatch was found and brought to us at Esquimaux Point on June 13. ao | Hess, Breeding Birds of Central Illinois. 19 ONE HUNDRED BREEDING BIRDS OF AN ILLINOIS TTEN-MILE RADIUS. BY ISAAC E. HESS. For two years past I have been gathering data on the breeding birds of Illinois, and only one who has attempted such a task can realize what a paucity of authentic records is obtainable from the ornithological literature of the State. ‘This apparent neglect of our ornithologists in a State so resourceful, is responsible for my sub- mitting the records of my twelve years’ study of the birds making their homes in a small portion of Champaign County in east central Illinois. ‘The records in this paper are all from a radius of ten miles, with my home village of Philo as the center of operations. A short description of the geography of the locality will perhaps add to the value of the records. ‘The fortieth parallel pierces our township latitudinally and divides the circle almost in halves. I have found the fortieth parallel the natural boundary line of sev- eral northern and southern species. Situated on the eastern edge of the great Illinois plain, we have an altitude of 750 feet. Five miles to the east, Salt Fork Creek winds its way toward the Wabash and the Salt Fork timber follows the stream all the way. To the west two miles is the Embarras River (pronounced Ambraw), here only a small stream with head waters in this county. Five miles south an east branch joins the Embarras, forming at the juncture our only swamp. ‘This is also the beginning of Bowse’s Grove which follows the stream many miles southward. Four miles southeast is upland Lynn Grove — 160 acres of natural timber, mainly walnut, elm and basswood — with no forest nor stream connection with the other timber belts. The region between is one vast sweep of rolling fields with scarcely an acre not under cultivation. Groves and orchards abound about us and osage-orange hedges are common along our highways. In our fields may always be found such bird-life as the Bob-white, Prairie Chicken, Upland Plover, Killdeer, Meadowlark, Prairie Horned Lark, Dickcissel, Grasshopper Sparrow, Indigo Bunting, Song, Field and Vesper 20 Huss, Breeding Birds of Central Ilinois. es Sparrows. ‘The hedge-rows furnish homes for the Loggerhead Shrike, Brown Thrasher, Yellow-billed Cuckoo, Mourning Doye, Mockingbird, Crow, Goldfinch, Yellow Warbler and ‘Traill’s Flycatcher. The orchards attract the Baltimore and Orchard Orioles, Kingbird, Bronzed Grackle, Chipping Sparrow, Robin and Warbling Vireo. ‘The Screech Owl and Sparrow Hawk nest in the town maples, country orchards and timber alike. In upland Lynn Grove I have found 55 species nesting, but there is always missing the Ovenbird, Kentucky Warbler, Louisiana Water-Thrush, Redstart and Gnatcatcher of the low damp woods of Bowse’s Grove and Salt Fork. No choice is exhibited by such birds as the Whippoorwill, Towhee, Hummingbird, Carolina Wren, Wood Thrush, Yellow-breasted Chat, Scarlet Tanager and Yellow-throat, as I find them distrib- uted in the three timbers. Such woods birds as the Wood Pewee, Scarlet Tanager, Summer Tanager, Crested Flycatcher, Screech Owl and Cardinal, I have found nesting in the village. Within this radius, which is really but nine miles in extent, and incloses the University of Illinois, I have evidence of the nesting of over 100 species. Of these ninety-four species are represented in my cabinet by complete sets of eggs, mostly with nests. Sixty of these I have photographed “‘in situ.” In presenting the spring arrival dates which I have included in most species, my own observations only are used. ‘These are not to be taken as “standard,” for undoubtedly many of the birds are here, at times, for days before my limited time in the field allows the opportunity of recording them. Particularly is this true of the forest species. My record of the nesting of Bachman’s Sparrow I believe to be among the northern-most. The Hooded Warbler and Summer Tanager are rare in this latitude, and I know of no other record of the nesting of the Lark Sparrow in eastern Illinois. List of Species. 1. Ardea herodias. Grear Buiur Heron.— Rather rare breeder because of the absence of swampy territory. Three pairs found breeding in Lynn Grove, May 30, 1897. The three nests were in a lofty honey-locust, rea | Hess, Breeding Birds of Central Illinois. 21 92, 95 and 105 feet from the ground. Two sets of four and one of five eggs were taken. Found them again present at the same place in 1907. Ar- rives April 1 to 18. : 2. Butorides virescens. GREEN Hrron.— Common summer resident; found both in timber and orchards near running streams. One nest of five eggs was found in an orchard one mile from town and three miles from open water. Earliest set, 5 eggs, May 21, 1905; latest, 4 eggs, June 17, 1897. Arrives April 4 to 12. 3. Nycticorax nycticorax nevius. Buack-crowNED Nicur Hrron.— A not uncommon summer resident but irregular as to distribution. Ar- rives April 20 to 28. Found first colony of 38 pairs breeding in Bowse’s Grove, June 2, 1901. All contained young but one nest from which I took a set of four eggs. On May 12, 1902, the colony seemed much larger and I took two more sets of four eggs each. During the last four seasons they were breeding in smaller colonies of two and three pairs and were scattered among the maple groves along Embarras Creek. May 6, 1909, I found them nesting in Salt Fork bottoms. 4, Rallus elegans. Kina Raru.— Rare summer resident. Have always considered this rail as a migrant here because of a lack of suitable territory. This season, 1909, however, I found five pairs nesting and attribute its apparent absence during past seasons to my ignorance of its habits. My first nest of 11 eggs was located June 10, 1909, in a small swampy spot along the Wabash R. R. tracks one mile from town. On June 13, 1909, I found one nest of 10, one of 11, and two of 12 eggs in small ponds along the Embarras. 5. Bartramia longicauda. Upxtanp PLoveR.— Common summer resi- dent of our upland pastures, arriving March 28 to April 8. Earliest nesting date, four eggs, May 4, 1900. Latest four eggs, May 20, 1906. They ‘often fly over the village on moonlight nights of early spring uttering their sharp alarm notes. We hear their long pleasing whistles at all hours of the day during April. On May 16, 1906, I found a nest of four eggs in a clover patch within the village corporation. 6. Actitis macularia. Sporrmep SanpprreR.— Common summer resi- dent along our smaller streams and open ditches. Arrives May 9 to 18. One nest of four eggs was taken May 30, 1905. This shore bird sometimes nests quite a distance from water. 7. Oxyechus vociferus. Ki~LprER.— Common summer resident. Ar- rives March 7 to March 17. The male of one pair which returns to a tile factory pond in the village each season, spends the first three days after arrival flying over town repeating its clamorous notes. Like the Upland Plover, the Killdeer often flies on moonlight nights. They begin nesting shortly after arrival and I found eggs at the point of hatching April 16, 1898. During 1900, I found nests with fresh eggs on the dates April 30, May 23, June 1, June 8, and June 20. Corn-fields are the favorite sites for June nests and one at the edge of the village June 1, 1909, contained four eggs resting on a lining of small pebbles. 2 Huss, Breeding Birds of Central Illinois. Bulle Jan, 8. Colinus virginianus. Bosn-wHirr.— Common resident. At times abundant. Just now slowly recovering from the devastation of the winter of 1902-1903. In the spring of 1903 whole coveys were found huddled together when the snows melted. They had burrowed in the snow drifts for shelter from the storms and were locked in their prison through a hard freeze following a sleet. Bob-white comes to the maples of the village to whistle each spring and fall. Earliest nesting, 20 eggs, May 16, 1899; latest, 16 eggs, July 18, 1909. 9. Tympanuchus americanus. Prairim CHickeN.— Common resident. Gaining a new lease of life as a direct result of our splendid game law, which has prohibited the killing of this grouse from 1902 to 1910. We hear the rolling boom of this splendid bird in every direction during the early spring months. February 11 is my earliest record of its notes while February 20 is the average date for 11 years. Full sets number 12 to 17 eggs, and 13 eggs taken April 27, 1898, is my earliest set. May 29, 1901, a set of 13 eggs was taken in a small clover patch only 200 yards from our town park. This year I photographed a set of 13 eggs “in situ’? not a third of a mile from the business district, and in June a Prairie Chicken flew the full length of one of our main streets only ten feet from the ground. 10. Zenaidura macroura. Mourninc Dove.— Abundant summer resident, arriving March 4 to 15. Earliest nesting, 2 eggs, April 23, 1905; latest, 2 eggs, July 15, 1900. Nests in orchards and hedgerows, on stumps in timber, and often on the ground along the banks of open ditches. 11. Cathartes aura septentrionalis. Turkey Vu Lrurn.— Common summer resident. Arrives from the south April 2 to 18. Have found it nesting in logs, in hollow trees, twenty feet up in a dead stump, and six feet below the surface of the ground in the hollow of rotten stump. Earliest date for full set, two eggs, April 27, 1898, but a set of two eggs taken May 8, 1903, I consider nearest the real average date. Two eggs, taken June 25, 1905, is my latest date record. One female had to be lifted from her eggs. 12. Accipiter cooperi. Cooprr’s Hawk.— Common summer resident. Common in timber but also nests in the maple groves on the farms. Earli- est nesting, 4 eggs, April 21, 1903; latest, 4 eggs, June 1, 1900. Arrives in spring April 5 to 14. Not a winter resident here. . 13. Buteo borealis. Rep-rairep Hawkx.— Common resident. En- tirely replaces lineatus in this locality. Nests in timber and groves alike and in isolated cottonwoods in fields. Earliest nesting, 2 eggs, March 21, 1900; latest, 2 eggs, May 12, 1908. Contrary to most published records, our Buteos do not deposit a second set in the old nest but always construct an entirely new nest. After losing the first set we may find the Red-tail covering the second set in a new nest 19 days later. In my series of eight sets taken in seven years, one set is of three eggs and seven sets of two. All are heavily marked. 14. Buteo swainsoni. Swainson’s Hawx.— Rare summer resident, butseeneach year Dr. Jessee collected a set from this hawk in Lynn Grove Volt] «= Hess, Breeding Birds of Central Illinois. 23 May 5, 1900. The nest was 65 feet up in an almost inaccessible position in an oak and contained three eggs. One captured and others seen have the pure white plumage with brown collar. 15. Falco sparverius, Sparrow Hawxk.— Very common breeder, sometimes a resident. Nests in the timber and on the farms where it sometimes resorts to granaries and outbuildings. Is known here as a great enemy of the grasshoppers. May be seen perched upon telephone poles along our country roads. My earliest nesting record is 5 eggs taken May 2, 1905; latest, 5 eggs, May 27,1900. First heard March 16 to 20. 16. Aluco practincola. Barn Owux.— Rare resident. My only record is a set of 5 eggs taken from an old ice-house in the village May 29, 1908. This year Mr. Guy Day found a nest of young in a hollow tree of Salt Fork timber. Date, May 20, 1909. 17. Asio wilsonianus. Lonc-EARED Owu.— Rare resident. Have found this owl nesting only at Lynn Grove where I took the first set of 5 eggs from an old Crow nest April 23, 1901. April 18, 1905, I took a second set of 5 eggs in much the same situation. 18. Strix varia. Barrep Owx.— A not common nor rare resident but I was unable to find this owl nesting until April 26, 1908, when I took a set of 3 eggs from a hollow tree in Lynn Grove. This was undoubtedly a second set of the year, the first, probably an outside nest, destroyed by Crows which are abundant in this grove. On May 17, 1906, I captured a young of the year in the village. 19. Otusasio. ScreEecH Owx.— Abundant resident. Nests in timber, old apple orchards on the farms and in the maple stubs of the village. For three seasons a pair has made their home in an old elm stub of my residence yard. Do not nest so early in my radius as they seem to from published records from other localities. Typical sets consist of 5 eggs although I have taken two sets of 6. Earliest set of fresh eggs taken was a set of 5 on April 8, 1898. Latest date of fresh eggs was a set of 5 taken May 10, 1900. I find the brown phase only slightly in preponderance. Of 29 mated pairs noted during three seasons, 18 pairs were of opposite colorings, while seven pairs were of the brown phase and four pairs of the gray. A second set is very com- monly deposited in the same nesting cavity, when the first is taken, with an average of thirty days intervening. 20. Coccyzus americanus. YrLLOW-BILLED Cuckoo.— Common sum- mer resident. Entirely replaces erythrophthalmus in this locality. This bird is a late breeder and inhabits woods, fields, and towns alike. Arrives May 7 to May 20. Earliest nesting, 3 eggs June 15, 1899. A remarkably late nest was located in a box elder of my residence yard in the village September 5, 1898. It was discovered when the leaves began to thin. The bird was setting on four incubated eggs but deserted them when the limbs became bare. 21. Ceryle aleyon. Brirep KinerisHerR.— Common summer resident, arriving March 24 to April 5. Found along all our smaller streams and 24 Hess, Breeding Birds of Central Illinois. ae sometimes nesting up the dry runs. Earliest nesting, 5 eggs, May 6, 1897; latest, 7 eggs, May 31, 1908. 22. Dryobates villosus. Harry WoopprEckrErR.— Common resident of the woods but visits the village during the winter months. Villosws is our earliest nesting woodpecker and sits so closely on the eggs that rapping the tree will seldom flush the owner. After the young appear, however, the female is vigilant and it is difficult to surprise her on the nest. This habit makes the occupied nests difficult to locate until the brood is hatched. My earliest nesting record is 4 eggs, April 24, 1900. The female had to be lifted from her eggs. Latest record, 3 eggs, May 9, 1901. 23. Dryobates pubescens medianus. Downy WoopprrckER.— Com- mon resident. Nests early in May and nesting cavities range from 3 to 60 feet from the ground. Most abundant in creek bottoms where the dead willows afford them easy excavating. LEarliest nesting, 5 eggs, May 6, 1900; latest, 3 eggs, May 20, 1909. 24. Centurus carolinus. Rep-BeLLinp WoopprcKker.— Rather rare summer resident. Inhabits only the wilder timber bottoms. Although an extremely shy bird, I record from one to four pairs each season. My only set is of four eggs taken May 27, 1900. On May 20, 1908, I flushed one from her nest with one egg in a dead stump of Lynn Grove. Am not positive whether or not this woodpecker leaves during the winter months. 25. Melanerpes erythrocephalus. Rep-HnADED WooppEcKER.— Com- mon summer resident. Not nearly so numerous as in former years. The Redhead seems to be decreasing at about the same rate that the Flicker is increasing. Arrives April 5 to 10, but nests nearly a month later than the Flicker. Earliest nesting, 4 eggs, May 20, 1897; latest, 5 eggs, May 27, 1907. 26. Colaptes auratus. FLickmer.— An abundant and yearly increasing bird, a few remaining during the winter months. Begins nesting early in May and deposits seven to ten eggs. Earliest nesting, 8 eggs, May 2, 1898; latest, 9 eggs, May 17, 1901. 27. Antrostomus vociferus. Wuip-PpooR-wiILL.— Common summer resident. Arrives April 25 to May 1. Found only in the upland woods after their arrival from the south. Here they stay but a few days, leaving for the low damp woods for nesting. I have succeeded in finding but one set of eggs. This was a set of two taken May 16, 1901. A great deal has been written about this bird’s night notes and the number of times they are repeated. At midnight on a moon-light night in May, 1905, I counted 175 repetitions of ‘“ whip-poor-will”’ before a pause was taken. 28. Cheetura pelagica. CHIMNEY Swirr.— Abundant summer resident. Arrives April 19 to 28. All leave at once for the south August 27 to Sep- tember 5. The bulk now nest in chimneys although a number still stick to the primitive sites in the old hollow stumps in the forest. Harliest nesting, 5 eggs, June 5, 1902; latest, 4 eggs, June 22, 1907. 29. Archilochus colubris. Rusy-rHroatep HuMMINGBIRD.— Common summer resident. Arrival is very regular, as following dates will show: Vl See a Huss, Breeding Birds of Central Illinois. D5 May 9, 1899; May 11, 1900; May 13, 1901; May 11, 1902; May 14, 1903; May 12, 1904; May 12, 1905; May 14, 1906; May 9, 1907; May 5, 1908; May 10, 1909. Is most abundant in swampy timber bottoms. Earliest nesting, two eggs, May 31, 1902; latest, two eggs, June 6, 1909. Probably ninety per cent of our hummers are nesting by June 4. Many stay in the fall until caught by the frosts. I have found them hanging quite dead in the vines after a sharp October night frost. Wisdom is shown in the spring by their late arrival, which fact convinces me that the late sojourners are young of the year. 30. Tyrannus tyrannus. Kinepirp.— Common summer resident. Arrives April 24 to 30. In one year (1903) Kingbirds did not arrive until May 12. The Kingbird is present in every orchard but I have yet to see two pairs making their homes in the same orchard. Earliest nesting, 4 egos, May 25, 1896; latest, 4 young, July 4,1907. Ihave seen the King- bird victor in every battle except one. In this dispute ‘‘Tyrannus”’ beat a hasty retreat from the onslaughts of an angry Yellow Warbler. 31. Myiarchus crinitus. Crestep FLycarcHer.— Common summer resident. An inhabitant of the woods and orchards near timber. The past four seasons a pair have made their home in the village. Arrives from the south April 26 to May 8. The typical nest contains a snake-skin. I have found but one nest without it. Earliest nesting, 4 eggs, May 25, 1899; latest, 4eges, June 18,1901. Six eggs are most commonly deposited. 32. Sayornis phebe. PHase.— Common summer resident, arriving March 19 to April 10. Earliest nesting, 5 eggs, May 18, 1899; latest, 5 eggs, June 6, 1909. Each iron bridge over our streams shelters a pair of Pheoebes each summer. 33. Myiochanes virens. Woop Prwrr.— Common summer resident. Arrives April 2 to 22. Have found three nests of this woods loving fly- catcher in the village. Of ten nests noted, each contained three eggs. Earliest nesting, 3 eggs, June 3, 1905; latest, 3 eggs, July 21, 1898. 34. Empidonax virescens. AcapiAN FiuycaTcHER.— Summer resident. Inhabitant of the low damp woods only. Common only at Salt Fork timber. Have never seen this bird at Lynn Grove. Earliest nesting, 3 eggs, May 30, 1902; latest, 3 eggs, June 13, 1909. Nests of this species may always be recognized by the grasses hanging one to two feet below the nest. 35. Empidonax trailli trailli, Tramy’s FrycarcHpr.— Common sum- mer resident. Abundant in our hedge-rows and country orchards. En- tirely replaces alnorum in this locality. Contrary to its habits elsewhere, trailli is never seen in the woodlands here but is strictly a prairie bird. During eleven seasons of observing this bird, and examining two to twenty nests a season, I have never found a nest in a large or even medium sized tree. The smaller growths, averaging about fifteen feet high, are always chosen. Arrives May 12 to 20. Earliest nesting, 3 eggs, June 12, 1899; latest, 4 eggs, July 7, 1896. 36. Otocoris alpestris praticola. Prarrim Hornep Larxk.— Abundant 26 Hess, Breeding Birds of Central Illinois. pe: resident. Nests earliest of our ground birds. Is often incubating sur- rounded by the snows of a late winter storm. After a good snow fall in March, the only dark spots showing on the white meadows are apt to be nests with setting Praticolas. First nests are placed in closely cropped pastures, sunken even with the surface and, woven solidly, are able to with- stand the fierce March winds. The June nests are placed at the hills of corn and so loosely constructed that one as a whole could not be lifted from the ground. Earliest nesting, 3 eggs, March 15, .1898; latest, 4 eggs, July 6, 1896. Have found nests with fresh eggs on the widely separated dates, March 15, March 31, April 10, April 30, May 26, June 6, June 18, and July 6. 37. Cyanocitta cristata. Buur Jay.— Abundant resident of the woods, village, and country orchards. Earliest nesting, 5 eggs, May 6, 1900; latest, 5 eggs, June 29, 1907. 38. Corvus brachyrhynchos. Crow.— Abundant resident. So num- erous that 197 were killed in one day last December by two men. Nests in timber, farm orchards, hedges and in evergreens of the village cemetery. Earliest nesting, 5 eggs, April 2, 1899; latest, 6 eggs, May 11, 1899. Our Crows are developing into chicken and egg robbers far more exasperating than the Hawks. 39. Molothrus ater.—Cowsirp.— Abundant summer resident. I even find them imposing on the Yellow-throats in the swampy places. Have repeatedly found as many eggs belonging to the rightful owner lying on the ground under the nest as I have found Cowbird eggs in the nest. This has convinced me that every Cowbird egg deposited is at the expense of one songbird’s egg. In several instances I have found the nesting bird incubating nothing but Cowbird’s eggs. One Scarlet Tanager was cover- ing four eggs of the Cowbird, while an Ovenbird was extremely anxious when I discovered her nest which contained seven eggs of ihe Cowbird and none of her own. Earliest eggs found May 10; latest, July 18. 40. Agelaius pheniceus. Rep-wincep BLAckBirp.— Common sum- mer resident. Arrives March 17 to April 1. In 1904 the arrival date was February 29, which I regard as abnormal. Earliest nesting, 4 eggs, May 16, 1905; latest, July 17, 1898, 4 eggs. I once found a nest in a | wild cherry tree within ten feet of a farm residence. It was one half mile from open water. (Description in Davies’s ‘Nests and Eggs.) Later nests are common in dry timothy fields in late July. 41. Sturnella magna. MrapownLark.— Abundant summer resident. Arrives March 2 to 11. Earliest nesting, 5 eggs, May 9, 1899; latest, 4 eggs, July 17, 1898. 42. Icterus spurius. OrcHARD OrIoLE.— Common summer resident. Arrive May 2 to 12. Earliest nesting, 4 eggs, May 18, 1896; latest, 4 young, July 4, 1900. 43. Icterus galbula. Batrimore Or1oLe.— Common summer resident. Arrives regularly April 22 to 29. Earliest nesting, 5 eggs, May 31, 1898; latest, 5 eggs, June 20, 1904. eee | Hess, Breeding Birds of Central Illinois. PAG 44. Quiscalus quiscula eneus. Bronzep Grackie.— Abundant sum- mer resident. Arrives Feb. 28 to March 7. Earliest nesting, 4 eggs, April 26, 1897; latest, 5 eggs, May 25, 1905. 45. Astragalinus tristis. Go ~princaH.—— Common resident. In full summer plumage by May 1. Earliest nesting, 6 eggs, July 14, 1896. Lat- est, 5 young, Sept. 10, 1902. . 46. Pocecetes gramineus. VESPER SPARROW.— Common summer resi- dent. Arrives March 19 to April 1. Earliest nesting, 4 eggs, May 13, 1898; latest, 4 eggs, June 15, 1898. 47. Coturniculus savannarum australis. GRASSHOPPER SPARROW.— Abundant summer resident. Arrives April 23 to May 4. Earliest nesting, 5 eggs, May 27, 1898; latest, 5 eggs, June 6, 1901. Second nests are abundant in July in second growth clover. 48. Chondestes grammacus. Lark Sparrow.— Rare summer resident. Although I have observed this bird for three seasons, I have but one nesting record. On May 17, 1908, I found a nest of four fresh eggs in an oat field near Salt Fork Creek. Have also observed two pairs near Bowse’s grove during 1909. I have found no other record of the nesting of grammacus in eastern Illinois. 49. Spizella passerina. CuHippinc Sparrow.— Rare summer resident. Formerly abundant. Arrives March 10 to 22. Earliest nesting, 4 eggs, May 8, 1898; latest, 4 eggs, May 20, 1896. The Chipping Sparrow is very likely to become extinct here unless it builds a more substantial nest, as each summer storm dislodges them from their foundations. 50. Spizella pusilla. Fietp Sparrow.— Abundant summer resident. Arrives March 19 to 31. Earliest nesting, 3 eggs, May 11, 1902; latest, 3 eggs, July 17, 1898. 51. Melospiza melodia. Sona Sparrow.— Abundant summer resi- dent. Arrives Feb. 19 to March 10. Earliest record Feb. 10, 1907. Earliest nesting, 4 eggs, May 5, 1897; latest, 3 eggs, July 18, 1897. 52. Peucea estivalis bachmani. BacuMan’s Sparrow.— Rare sum- mer resident. The only breeding record I have of this sparrow is a nest and four eggs which I took May 31, 1896. This set was identified by both Dr. Ralph and Major Bendire and was in Bendire’s hands at the time of his death. I have seen no more northern record of the nesting of bachmani. 53. Melospiza georgiana. Swamp Sparrow.— Rare summer resident. Arrives April 2 to 10. Earliest nesting, 3 eggs, May 17, 1906; latest, 5 eggs, May 26, 1905. Of four nests found, each had an appendage or handle constructed of grass stems protruding from one side about three inches. 54. Passer domesticus. European House Sparrow.— Abundant resident. Nests from March to September. Numbers constantly in- creasing. 55. Pipilo erythrophthalmus. TowxHrer.— Common summer resident. ' Arrives March 14 to April 4. Earliest nesting, 3 eggs May 16, 1901; latest, 3 eggs, June 10, 1901. One remarkable nest was found seven feet Phe) Hess, Breeding Birds of Central Illinois. [fuk Jan. from the ground in a vine-covered sapling. Hogs were running wild in this piece of woods, which was the probable cause of this departure from regular habits. 56. Cardinalis cardinalis. Carprnat.— Common resident. Often nests in the village. Earliest nesting, 3 eggs, May 22, 1906; latest, 3 eggs, June 16, 1898. 57. Passerina cyanea. INDIGO BuntTING.— Common summer resident. Arrives April 22 to May 9. &c., &c. Had_it proved convenient for our good and valued friend Harris ° to have come with us, I think he would have liked it much (particularly tell him as the country bids defiance and description) and I am sure it would have found a few means of obtaining abundance of [torn]. 1 Nicholas Augustus Berthoud, brother-in-law of Audubon. 2*The Squatters of Labrador,’ Orn. Biogr., Vol. II, p. 154. 3 *Cod-Fishing,’ Orn. Biogr., Vol. II, p. 522. 4*The Eggers of Labrador,’ Orn. Biogr., Vol. III, p. 82. »* The episode of ‘The Sealers’ did not appear in the Orn. Biogr., nor have I ever seen it in any of Audubon’s writings. (R. D.) 6 Edward Harris, Morristown, N. J. In ‘The Journals’ we see that he met Audu- bon at St. John, N. B., on his return from Labrador, and handed him the first home letters he had received in two months. 52 Deane, Audubon’s Labrador Trip of 1833. ae We will proceed to Bras d’Or, about one hundred miles east and north of this as soon as the wind will admit. ‘That place is the general rendezvous of all the fishermen, then perhaps (and I hope it will prove so) I may find a letter of thine. ‘To tell thee how I long to see thee again would be superfluous. Copy this for Bachman, show it to Harris and Nicholas,’ of course, and copy it for good Dr. Parker,” the same for Victor.® Now my dearest friend, God bless thee and may I find thee well and happy and all going on well. John joins me in every thing, he is now out scrambling on the mountains with the rest of the young men. Our collection of plants, I hope will prove agreeable to thee and others, beds of Mosses if not of roses and abundant I assure thee. Think of Mosses in which at every step you take you sink in up to your knees, soft as velvet, and as rich in color. Once more God bless thee. Thine friend and husband forever, John J. Audubon. [Superscribed ] Mrs. Audubon. Care of N. Berthoud Esq. Merchant. New York. Via. Quebec. Recd. Montreal, Aug. 25, 1833. and forwarded by H. Gates. 1 Nicholas Augustus Berthoud, New York. 2 Dr. George Parkman, Boston, Mass. 3 Victor Gifford Audubon, who was then in London supervising the publication of the ‘Birds of America.’ Ss a | Errric, Rare Winter Birds at Ottawa. 53 A WINTER OF RARE BIRDS AT OTTAWA, ONTARIO. BY G. EIFRIG. THE winter of 1908—9 will long be a memorable one to ornitholo- gists of Ottawa and vicinity. In the long winters of this section birds are usually conspicuous only by their absence, save when an incursion of Pine Grosbeaks, Canada Jays or Snowy Owls occurs which is not too often. But during last winter birds were about, not only in greater number of individuals than before, but also in greater variety, and these various species contained some of the rarest of our North American birds. Nor did these usually very restless sojourners from the far north and west only afford us a passing glimpse of their interesting selves, but they lingered for an unheard-of length of time. ‘Thus they afforded one an excellent chance for observing them and their habits, etc., better than usually falls to the lot of bird observers. ‘Therefore the writer considers the event important enough to chronicle it in ‘The Auk.’ Already in the fall there were auguries, that led one to expect things ‘‘to happen”’ in the bird line during the winter. Many flocks of White-winged Crossbills (Loaia leucoptera) were whirling over the fields and fallows around the city — the first time in six years that they were observed by me. November 2 the first King Eiders (Somateria spectabilis) that had ever been taken here, were secured (Auk, XXVI, 59), an occurrence which was repeated on December 2 and 3, only that greater numbers came. © The Briin- nich’s Murre (Uria lomvia) which had up to the time of writing the article that appeared in the January number of the current volume of ‘The Auk’ not showed themselves, did so to the number of about 500 on December 19, and five more the next day, three of which I received from a gunner. In this connection I would correct an erroneous impression I may have conveyed by the italicizing in the article referred to above the word “eaten,” conveying the meaning, which I really held at that time, that the flesh of the U. lomvia must be very rank, therefore poor eating, implying thereby that the French-Canadian rivermen who eat them, must either have a ravenous appetite or very poor taste for what is good eating and what not. To determine for myself, I had one of those three 54 Errric, Rare Winter Birds at Ottawa. [ees Murres prepared like a wild duck, and I must say that the flesh was very good, in taste much like a wild duck. It must be borne in mind, however, that when the Murres reach here they are very lean, entirely without fat, which probably would spoil their taste. Although the coming of the Murres is a matter of interest to ornithologists, who are thus urged to probe for the reason that these birds leave their salt water home to certain doom inland — for none return — it does not thrill one in the same manner that the coming of the beautiful and also mysterious comers from the far north does, about which I had intended to write. To begin with the first. On December 13 a flock of about 30 Bohemian Wax- wings (Bombycilla garrula) took up their quarters in a residential portion of the city, where the streets are lined with fine shade trees, by which also many houses are surrounded, and among which are many mountain ash or rowan trees (Sorbus americana). For the first few days they stayed in some trees near the Carnegie Library, and then shifted to another corner where there was one little tree. Here they stayed till the tree was completely stripped of berries. There were other rowan trees close by, larger and several together, but the berries on this tree must have been so much more to their taste that they would not move, the small tree was partly over the side-walk and one could watch them at close range. Like the Cedarbirds (B. cedrorum) they are voracious eaters, so much so that they are usually very silent, taking no time for giving vent to a few notes. However, sometimes they do this, uttering some sub- dued, very sweet notes in rapid succession, like a string of beads, much like the Cedarbirds. ‘Their manner of eating rowan berries differs from that of the Pine Grosbeaks (Pinicola enucleator), which are also very fond of these berries and were often with the Waxwings. The Grosbeaks pick off the berry, crush it, and suck out the seeds, ejecting the pulp of the berry. The seed is what they are after. But the Waxwings eat the complete berry, wherefore there was next to no debris under the trees where they were at work, which is always very conspicuous where Grosbeaks are feeding. During the first weeks of their stay they allowed one to approach them to within five to six feet, but later on they became more wary, and if people stood under their trees they took wing to some nearby larger trees. After cleaning that one little tree, they divided up eae Errria, Rare Winter Birds at Ottawa. 55 into smaller bands, one of which cleaned a large rowan tree on Queen Street, near the busiest section of the city, the Pine Gros- beaks, however, helping them assiduously. On February 26, I saw them in an old orchard adjoining the grounds of a fine residence in the same part of the city. Here they had discovered the old apples clinging to the trees and were busily eating those. It was a scene not soon to be forgotten. ‘There was bright sunshine above, glistening snow below, in the trees the birds, showing their delicate tints, the chestnut under tail coverts, the red and yellow tips on the wings; with them a great number of Pine Grosbeaks, engaged similarly, and finally a Robin. But more of that later on. ‘They remained until about March 4, thus giving us over two and a half months of their presence, a longer time than I ever have seen reported from any city. ‘Three specimens, two males and a female, were secured forme. When comparing these with others taken out west, and formerly taken here, I was struck by the prevailing dark color of the under and upper parts; there is also much less of the light fawn color about the head. I noticed the same thing on specimens taken at Kingston, Ontario, where they had also been common, but for a much shorter time. To make things more interesting, a flock of about twenty Evening Grosbeaks (Hesperiphona vespertina) came to our city on February 7, and liked it so well that they stayed until May 15, again an un- precedented case, so far as the writer is aware, for any city from which records have been published. Like the Waxwings, they did not show the least fear of man and took up their abode right in the city, in the same section. As early as November 4 Mr. Wm. McComber, a farmer of Bouchette, Quebec, 60 miles north of Ottawa, had seen and taken a single individual of this species. But here we had a whole flock, fine males and some young and females, right in the city, also allowing close scrutiny. While the Waxwings were so very partial to rowan berries, these Grosbeaks fell into the Manitoba maple trees (Acer negundo) and never strayed far away from the chosen one till all its samaras were stripped off. It was indeed an unusual and pretty sight to see these fine birds right be- tween houses, sometimes alighting on their roofs and eating snow, or hopping about on the ground below for the same purpose. Several times they were also seen in mountain ash trees, eating 56 Errria, Rare Winter Birds at Ottawa. ae berries. "They were noisier than the Waxwings, frequently uttering loud call notes and little warbles. ‘The former had much of the quality of those of the English Sparrow mixed with the tone-quality of those of the Robin; the latter reminded one still more strongly of the Robin’s song. After the trees at their first station were strip- ped, they roamed more about the city, being seen in several places, but from time to time they would come back to the first place, as though they liked it best. Then they disappeared from the city and it was thought they had left us entirely, but in April they were rediscovered in a small woods near the city limits, which is com- posed of ash, elm, and white pine trees. It was hoped that some might take it into their head to breed, but they were no longer seen after May 15, thus staying here over three months. ‘Three speci- mens were secured for the writer, one adult male, a female and a young male. An analysis of the stomach-contents made at Wash- ington showed in one, seeds of sumac 8 percent, seeds or rather cotyledons of some species of ash (Fraxinus) 92 percent; in the other two only the ash cotyledons. As they were shot from ash- leaved maple trees (Acer negundo), this seems remarkable. ‘The adult of this species also is much darker than other specimens in collections examined and compared by the writer. The Pine Grosbeaks (Pinicola enucleator) also favored us with their presence in greater numbers and for a longer time than they do usually. At times, near that old orchard referred to above, there were about fifty in sight. The greater number are always females and young. Ina flock of about ten, one may expect to find one to three bright colored males. But, as in everything, these birds are eccentric also in this respect; some flocks are composed entirely of females and young, and some again of only old males. ‘They are very greedy feeders. One that I kept in a cage for a day, from the moment he was brought in, devoured, practically all the time, the rowan berries provided for him, not minding the new surround- ings and the people watching him in the least. Indeed, they are so intent on feeding, that boys often catch them by slipping a horse hair noose over their heads. In a short time the litter from the berries covered the ground below every mountain ash tree. Often when seeing this, and looking up, one will find a flock busily eating above him, which he would otherwise not have suspected of being ~~ pol Errric, Rare Winter Birds at Ottawa. 57 there, so noiseless are they. Beside rowan berries, they are also fond of eating old apples, sumac berries, buds of maple, larch and pine trees, and this year, because they stayed so long, they finally turned to the litter of the rowan berries, which they had earlier discarded. ‘The first flocks arrived here November 5, and the last were seen March 21. A flock of these birds on some evergreen trees, especially if there are some bright males among them, is, when the sun shines brightly, a pretty sight, such as I had on March 8 on the Experimental Farm. ‘The stomachs of six sent to Washington contained seeds of Rubus, conifers, Vacciniwm, ash, and buds of several trees, in varying proportions in the different stomachs. In still greater numbers than the Pine Grosbeaks were present the lively little Redpolls (Acanthis linaria). Although they are also very erratic in their comings and goings, they may always be expected here with some regularity each fall and spring, even if in varying numbers and of varying length of stay. So there were many flocks here in the fall (1908), when the Loxia leucoptera also were here. ‘Then they disappeared for a while to reappear about January 24. Each day for a while added fresh flocks to their num- bers until they were very plentiful all over the city and the out- skirts. Often they would be seen in the company of English Spar- rows in vacant lots and waste places busily picking off the seeds from tall weeds that were protruding from the snow; at other times they were with the Pine Grosbeaks on and below the trees, eating the debris of the rowan berries. From about April 10 large flocks were roaming about the outskirts of the city, sometimes in such numbers that over quite an area every branch and twig on every tree and bush held one or more of them. A strange excitement seems to take hold of them; they will then sometimes nearly alight on one’s head, like a flock that whirled about me on April 15. Mr. Bedard, the rifle-range keeper, during three weeks about this time daily saw large flocks, some of which he estimated at 2000 birds. And many of these flocks flew in a southerly direction! The last ones seen here left us on May 9. At times they are very tame, allowing close approach, at others, very shy. Sometimes they whirl about like Snow Buntings, but usually their manner of flight and their notes are identical with those of the Goldfinch. They are very fond of the seed of the various species of birch, where some 5S Eirric, Rare Winter Birds at Ottawa. Aas could always be found. On January 24 Mr. E. White saw three of the rare Hoary Redpolls (4. hornemanni exilipes) in his garden. That some at least of the White-winged Crossbills had stayed near the city for the winter was proven on February 8 when Mr. H. Grob made a Northern Shrike (Lanius borealis) give up its prey, which it was just eating, and which proved to be a Crossbill of this kind. One of the greatest surprises, however, was the wintering here of a small flock of four or five Robins (Planesticus migratorius). Al- ready about December 20 they were seen near the Parliament build- ing, but they were looked upon as belated fall migrants, who certainly would not think of staying here over the winter. Imagine the surprise of Ottawans in general when in January these birds suddenly took up headquarters in the trees around the city hall, where their well-known call notes greeted passersby and made them wonder momentarily, whether or not the seasons had suddenly been shifted. They were often with Pine Grosbeaks feeding on the rowan berries. Although the winter of 1908-9 was an unusually mild one for Ottawa, these poor birds must have suffered a great deal. One was seen after a while with a frozen leg and all seemed to have disappeared before the first real spring arrivals of their kind came. No doubt, they were frozen to death by one of the few short cold spells which occurred during the winter, when the thermometer went down to about — 16°. It may perhaps be also worthy of note, that our Robins here, which are extremely plentiful in the city and increasing in numbers, are perceptibly larger than those that live further south. Also in producing freaks the last winter was a record-breaker. Several albino English Sparrows (Passer domesticus) which, by the way, are here starting to cultivate the habit of migration, were seen, as well as partial albinos, which, according to the distribution of the white patches over the plumage, show very odd effects. The greatest rarity, however, in the sparrow line was seen by the writer on January 19 when he, on the main street, at the noon hour, when the street was thronged with vehicles and pedestrians, saw in a flock of English Sparrows a beautiful red one. ‘There was no mistake, he was nearly at my feet, as fearless as his fellows, behaving and feeding the same way. Nor was the red over only a small area or | BisHop, New Subspecies of North American Birds. 59 of an indistinct hue, but very bright and general. Below the red was that of a male Pine Grosbeak and above like that of an Ameri- ean Crossbill. "The wings and tail were like the common English Sparrow’s, as were also the size and shape. The bird was twice seen afterwards by interested people. Finally, a Meadowlark (Sturnella magna) was seen January 10 on the rifle-range, a fact quite as unusual as the wintering here of the Robins. It is clear from the foregoing that we were unusually well supplied with birds during last winter. Yet it is safe to say that the same or a similar combination of birds, from the north and south, will probably not be seen for many years to come. It is clear to the writer that the meteorological conditions of last winter must have been very abnormal, hence these unusual wanderings and stayings of birds. In fact, indications seem conclusive to me, that many birds seem to be shifting their range of distribution, as witness the coming in here for the first time of birds like the Grasshopper Sparrow, Prairie Warbler, King Eider, ete. TWO NEW SUBSPECIES OF NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS. BY LOUIS B. BISHOP, M. D. Numenius americanus parvus subsp. nov. CANADIAN CURLEW. Type.— & adult, No. 15748, Coll. of Louis B. Bishop; Crane Lake, Saskatchewan, June 23, 1906; L. B. B. Subspecific characters.— Smaller than N. a. americanus, with much shorter bill. Summer range.— Eastern British Columbia, Alberta, Saskatchewan, and Manitoba, south to eastern Washington, Wyoming, and South Dakota. Measurements of type.— Length, 19.19; extent 36.00; wing, 10.19; tail, 4.48; exposed culmen, 4.15; tarsus, 2.92 inches. For some years I have been confident that the Long-billed Curlew of western Canada was subspecifically distinct from the Bisnop, New Subspecies of North American Birds. 60 oe Re eG Gah tia OAL SW ‘ LPO LED a Nh i fi 2 hs FREE. ‘a1ep 4yorxe pur X98 JINOYIIM Inq ‘vIULsIIA pur AdsIef MON WOIJ ‘SIoyJO VY} !MIOK MON WOT opeuMley Surids v ‘aug _ 9E°E . (69°8-F8'8)ae'e (09°E-8Z'E)8F'S (LP'S-L8'Z) STE (10°S-08'Z) 16°% (99°S-10°8)6E & (S1°$-G2'Z)06' “snsIey, ZL'9 (€8°2-08'9)0F 2 (€9°8-€¢°9) TLL (6°9-€9'F)8L°¢ (96 F-9L'F)98'F (11 9-8F'¢)08°¢ (OL'S-ST'F)LL°7 ‘ustTND posodxm 9CT (SI'S-L8'F)Z0'¢ (FE'S-99'F) FOF (LOP-AT PLE F (L8'$-FF'F)89'F (G0'S-08 FFL F (09 FFF) GPF 690 (16° LI-+¥ LT) 9° TT (9° TI-9¢'01)92 TL (1801-066) 6F OT (FF OI-LE'01)68'0T (90'TI-9¢'01) L0'TT (8Z'OI-86'6)6T'OT 5 I 16 € “TRL “BUIM. *xeg |'painsveul ‘on SUIUOK AA ASHOD OHS Y. ‘SQ UroJsemMyyNOG BPBUBD U19}S9A\ RyOyR, “Gg puw Surmok "g “Q UrejJsomyyNOG BPBUBD U194S9 AA “AYLIOT ‘sayouy ue spug burpasug fo sjuamaimsna py et] BisHop, New Subspecies of North American Birds. 61 form breeding in Texas, New Mexico and Arizona, being consider- ably smaller with much shorter and more slender bill; but the fact that both forms occur in our Southwest and in Mexico in the mi- gration and in winter has made the demonstration difficult, since the majority of specimens in collections from these latter localities _were not taken during the breeding season. However, by the aid of the series in the American Museum of Natural History and the collection of Dr. Dwight, I have been able to find enough probably breeding birds to show the marked difference in size that exists be- tween northern and southern birds. Breeding birds from Wyoming and South Dakota, though intermediate, are nearer the northern race, while the only specimen from California I have seen — taken in January —is referable to the southern bird. On the Atlantic coast the Long-billed Curlew is now practically extinct, and there are very few specimens of it preserved in collections, but the three I have measured so manifestly belong to the southern race that there can be no doubt to which N. longirostris Wilson applied, even if Wilson had not stated ‘‘the billis eight inches long.’ Dr. Wood- house’s NV. occidentalis having been collected in “New Mexico, upon the Rio Grande,” before August 1, on which date Sitgreave’s expedition left this point for further west, was evidently the young of N. a. americanus. Numenius americanum Bechstein also being based on a bird from the Atlantic coast leaves the northwest form without a name, and I have called it parvus because of its small size. As we already have the “Eskimo” and “ Hudsonian’” Curlews, “Canadian” and ‘American’ would seem appropriate English names for the races of N. americanus. Molothrus ater dwighti subsp. nov. NORTHERN CoOwBIRD. Type.— 3 adult, No. 15759, Coll. of Louis B. Bishop; Crane Lake, Saskatchewan, June 24, 1906; L. B. B. Subspecific characters.— Similar to Molothrus ater ater, but considerably larger and with more slender bill. Summer range.— Saskatchewan to North Dakota. Measurements of type.— Length, 8.69; extent, 14.44; wing, 4.61; tail, 3.51; culmen, 76; bill from nostril, .53; depth of bill at base, .48; tarsus, 1.13 inches. i Bisnop, New Subspecies of North American Birds. 62 (F0°T-€6')96° (CO'I-40' 1) F0'T (90°I-00°T)¢0'T (60°I-66')¢0'T GEASL0 DEtT (0Z@' I-90 DESt'T “SNSIR, (F6'Z49'2)8L°% (S6'Z-Z8'Z)88'% (F6'°Z-L8'S) 16% (ZF'S-90'S) LTS (9¢°E-00'°§) 22° (1¢°E-ST'§) 82's THRL (6F'-GF')9F* (€F'-8") OF - (Z2'-¥9')19° 8 qnorIeUUO/) (FF '-F) SF (FF '-0F ) ZF’ (69°-29°)89° ‘a Boye YON (8Sh'-2h') SF" (OF -OF ) FF (89'-¢9")99° F UBMOTOBYSeG sappuaf ynpy (e¢°—-GF') TS" (09°-F') LF’ (FL’-€9°)02° 8 qnotqaeuU0;) (1¢°-GP') 8F° (Z9'-L¥)6F (¢2°-69°) 82" Ms Boye YON (S9°-SF)6F’ (8¢°-8F')6F (OLS igh: 6 UBM} BYSBY “sajDUL YINPY ‘seg 3% [Ilq Jo yideq ‘TLGSON WOIF TILE “UsUT[NY (86°S-TL'E)48'E (0¢°ZI-L8° LL) 12 ZI (GZ°2-00'L)ST'L 8 gnoryoouUo”y (FL $-00'F) 20°F (GL°S1-09'Z1)29 SI (292-18 'L) LL Fe ByOyeC YON (66'€-68'8)96'S K29;ZI-cieGly sr ar (FP L-GOL)LE'L i UBMOITOIBYSVY ‘sappwual ynpy (FP F-SLF)LOF (9¢°SI-GZ'ST) 18°81 (00°8-G2'L)Z2L'L 8 ynorja0uU0,) (0¢°F-1 P)1eP (GS FI-09 1) TLS (938-091) 66'L L Boxed YON (29 F-SP PPS F (FF FI-Z9'SL) 86'S | (69°8-SL°L)61'8 6 UBMOTYOIBYSvY ‘SajD YT NPV “BUIM *queqyxn “YjsuoT “painsvoul “ON “AUTRIOT ‘sayouy ur spug burpaarg {o sjuawainsna py Poona | Wricut AND ALLEN, Austral Birds, at Ithaca. 63 The Cowbird breeding in Saskatchewan is considerably larger than that frequenting our Eastern States, as is shown by the sub- joined measurements of breeding birds. The bird breeding in éastern North Dakota is intermediate, but somewhat nearer that in Saskatchewan. ‘The bird inhabiting Alberta, Manitoba, and northern Montana is doubtless the northern race, but I have not seen specimens from those localities. As Fringilla pecoris Swainson was based on “‘’ The Cowpen Bird” of Catesby, and Oriolus fuscus Gmelin and Oriolus ater Boddaert on birds taken in New York, neither name can be applied to the unrecognized race. Therefore I have taken the liberty of calling it after my friend, Dr. Jonathan Dwight, Jr., though giving a proposed subspecies his name is but a poor tribute to his ornitho- logical ability, knowledge and zeal. THE INCREASE OF AUSTRAL BIRDS AT ITHACA. BY ALBERT H. WRIGHT AND ARTHUR A. ALLEN. SITUATED at the head of Cayuga Lake, Ithaca lies about midway between the Susquehanna basin and the Austral territory along the south shore of Lake Ontario. ‘To the south, the Inlet and Six Mile Creek Valleys lead to the divide and have their origins in the same marshes with the headwaters of the Susquehanna. ‘To the north, Cayuga Lake and the Seneca River form a natural high- way to this Lake Ontario strip. This area, due to the isolating Transition and Canadian territory to the south, undoubtedly receives its Austral birds from those migrating up the Mississippi Valley. Thus it is possible for Austral forms appearing at Ithaca to be either coastal species working their way up the Susquehanna or Mississippi birds coming down Lake Cayuga from the north. With certain birds the direction of invasion seems quite apparent, with others, it is difficult or impossible to state with certainty. The purpose of this paper, however, is not so much to determine the probable route of migration as to show the encroachment of Austral forms within recent years and their remarkable appearance Auk Jan, 64 Wricut aNnpD ALLEN, Austral Birds at Ithaca. in this spring’s (1909) migration. or during the last ten years of careful migration studies at Ithaca, no one phenomenon has arrested more attention than this gradual extension of Austral birds into our fauna. And inasmuch as there seems to be similar invasions taking place elsewhere,' we thought it well to call attention to such data as has been collected at Ithaca. Since 1850, the following Austral species have been recorded, the accompanying list indicating the distribution and the number of records or relative abundance of each form. : North end South end Species 1850-1909 1850-1908 1909 American Egret 2 Glossy Ibis 9 Whooping Crane 1 Dickcissel 1 Golden-winged Warbler 6 King Rail not uncommon 1 summer resident Florida Gallinule common 2 3 pairs ‘ summer resident nested Hooded Warbler resident rare migrant | rare migrant Purple Martin < os a Cerulean Warbler es s Turkey Vulture f 1 Red-bellied Woodpecker 1 3 La. Water-Thrush not common common common Rough-winged Swallow fairly common ‘i * Carolina Wren 2 pairs Barn Owl 3 a Orchard Oriole 2 5 2: Grasshopper Sparrow uncommon common Chewink ey not uncommon Yellow-breasted Chat x j Worm-eating Warbler 1 White-eyed Vireo 1 Tufted Titmouse i Prothonotary Warbler 1 1 Trotter, Spencer. Fauna of Northeastern America. The Geological and Geographical Relations of the Land-Bird Auk, Vol. XXVI, July, 1909, pp. 221-233. Townsend, Chas. W.