aroha Cr se es i ti} i ‘Bo Xe Meili @ AUTIKON BOTANIKON %& OR ? «BOTANICAL ILLUSTRATIONS, OF 2500 : New. rare or beautiful Trees, Shrubs, Plants, Vines, Lilies, Grasses, Ferns &c, of all regions, but chiefly North America, with descriptions &c and 2500 self figures or specimens. TEXT OF 500 OBJECTS § ARTICLES Aik FIRST PART--CENTURIES I to V. PHILADELPHIA. 1815—1840. Text of each part of 500 objects, 50 cents. 500 Figures belonging thereto ; 50 dollars. oe Sp yo SMa i E BY PROF. C. 8, RAFINESQUE. BF BS SS cg ie Sh pee 4 REALLALESELS ESS ESSE This was published in 1840, the author attaining only 1500 of his proposed 2500 species. No actual illustrations were prepared, Rafinesque intending actual botanical specimens to "illustrate" his species. The original work closes with p. 200. AUTIKON BOTANIKON. Icones Plantarum Select. Nov. vel Rariorum, plerumque Americana, interdum African. Europ. Asiat. Oceanic. &c. CENTUR. XXV. ee BOTANICAL ILLUSTRATIONS by Select Specimens or Self-figures in 25 Centuries of 2500 Plants, Trees, Shrubs, Vines, Lilies, Grasses, Ferns &c, chiefly new or rare, doubtful or in- teresting, from North America and some other regions; with accounts of the undescribed,notes, synonyms, localities &c. _ In 5 parts of 5 Centuries each of text with 25 Volumes folio of Self-figures. BY C. S. RAFINESQUE, Prof. of Botany, the Historical and Nat- ural Sciences, member of many learned So- cieties in America and Europe, author of many botanical and other works &c. FIRST PART, CENT. [ to V. (The best botanical figures are the objects themselves.) PHILADELPHIA. Collected, ascertained and described between 1815 & 1840. Of the self-figures of this Work, only 5 co- pies can be prepared, whereof 4 of small folio size, will be sold at $10 for each volume or Century—one containing the largest specimens, often exceedingly beautiful, and put up in Jarge folio paper, will be held at $20 for each Cen- tury—one Century consisting of Unique Spe- cimens (probably in no other collection) will be held at $50; of this 4 sets of drawing will be made if required at the same price, The Octavo Text, of which 100 copies will be printed,shall be sold at 10 cents per Century or 50 cents for each part of 5 centuries. Besides this great Iconographieal Work, the following detached parts or additional speci- mens are also prepared. Pomona of North Amorica.—Pterikon or Ferns of N. Amer. and other parts—Lirikon or New and fine Lilies—Agrostikon or new and rare Grasses—Erikon or figures of Heaths, An- dromedas, Diosmas and other Ericoid Shrubs —Autikon Formosum or of beautiful plants— Dendrikon or new Trees and Shrubs of North America—Sets of Monographs of many inter- esting natural Families and Genera—prices from $5 to $20 per century. Herbals of North America, or 100 collections of 100 to 300 specimens each of usual plants and shrubs, with generic labels, and printed di- — rections for study, at $4 per century: unlabel- led at $3 per century, | Herbals of European, Asiatic and African plants—also of Medical plants—also of Agricul- tural and Horticultural plants at $5 to $ 10 per Century. | INTRODUCTION. Although Iam a Draftsman and can both draw and paint the plants that I collect, yet the expense of time in doing so, with the cost of en- graving and colouring the drawings, are so great that I have but seldom availed myself of my talent and opportunities to publish costly figures of new or rare plants. I have preferred and I do now again prefer giving the specimens themselves for authentic figures. ‘This can be done as cheap or cheaper than by multiplied figures: many splendid works of Iconographi- cal Botany are often published at much higher rates. Copied figures are not always accurate, nor expressing many minute characters of sur- face &c, and some botanists are not satisfied un- til they can examine the original specimens of discoverers or improvers; or when wishing to detract from the merit of vast botanical resear- ches, they deny the accuracy of whatever they cannot verify. This Autikon of 2500 figures by specimens will be the best answer to any vain attempt to depreciate my discoveries and researches— although I have 5000 fine plants to illustrate in this manner, I have selected for this work, the rarest or new, else the finest or unfigured; such as will illustrate my botanical works and im- provements, particularly those that shall be omitted in the North American Flora, lately undertaken jointly by Torrey,Gray and Nuttal, who have overlooked or left unnoticed many of our New Genera and Species, because either not met by them, or blended with others when seen in fields or herbals. Whence the need of giving sometimes the figures of akin species for contrast. 4 INTRODUCTION. Whenever the plants have already been named and described by myself or others, It will be so stated, with a reference to the works where published. If yet new or undescribed, their synoptical description will be given; also their locality and some occasional remarks. The principal works of mine, where such New Genera and Species have chiefly been described already, are the following. Nov. pl. am.—New Gen. and Sp. of North America in Mitchell Repository and Desvaux Journal of Botany 1808. Car. pl. sic.—New Plants of Sicily 1810. Prec. dec.—Precis des Decouvertes 1814. An. Nat.—Analysis of Nature 1815. Fl. lud.—F lorula Ludoviciana 1817. Dec. pl.—Decads of new plants 1817. Rev.—Reviews of Pursh 1817, of Nuttal 1819 &c. N. G.—50 N. Gen. of North Any in Journal Physique 1819. Annals—Annals of Nature 1820. Neog.—66 N. Gen, in Neogenyton 1825. Med. fl.—Medical flora of the United States 1828-30. N. G.—175 New Gen. sent to Decandole 1830 Atl. J.—150 new plants in Atlantic Journa 1832-3. Herb. Raf—Herbarium Rafinesquianum. 1838. | New jfl.—New supplemental flora of North America 1000 articles, N. G. and Sp. 1836. Fl. tel—Flora Telluriana Mantissa. 1225. Ait. N, G. Sp. 1836. Sylva tel.—Sylva Telluriana mant. with trees and shrubs of North America, 1075 articles, N. G. Sp. 1838. INTTODUCTION. o Als. am.—Alsographia Americana or a grove of new Trees and Shrubs, 330 articles, 1838. Pom. Am.—Pomona of native fruit trees of North America—Pterikon the Ferns of N, Am. &c—Erikon or the Andromedas, Heaths, and Ericoid Shrubs—Agrostikon or Figures of 800 Grasses and Cyperoides—will form parts or supplements to this great work, being similarly illustrated by self: figures. N. B.—The names of Authors will be abre- viated as usual, L. for Linneus, W. Wildenow, Dec. Decandole &c. . . . but O. will imply Om- nes or all the authors. + This mark will indicate that having but few Specimens left, they will belong to the first, 2d or 3d complete sets to be disposed of. ——————— ee CENTURIA I. Visuryoum L. Subg. Lentaco Raf. als, 219. Autikon 1, Membranaceum R. als. 223 Florida. 2, Laurifolium R. als. 225—New Jersey, 3, Ferrugineum R. als. 226—New Jersey. 4, Heterophylum R., als. 227—Oquago Mts. 5, Retusum R. als, 228—Alabama. 6, Squamatum W en.—als. 229. once my V. punctatum—Atlantic marshes, In my Also- graphia 30 sp. of Viburnum of N. America, are describefl and contrasted, whereof 16 are new, all in my herbal, I now give 6 as samples. Rappetita Raf. new fl. 856, sylva tel. 701. new genus of tribe Cleomides, 7, Antiphyla Raf. n. fl. 757, S. tel. 702, Louisi- ana undershrub. 8, ArButus andrachne O—Grecia. 6 AUT. BOT. 9, Dintenta scandens W— Australia, t Psycuanraus Raf. Spec. Sc? 1814. 10, Myrtifolia Raf. ut supra—Polygala do L. &c. Africa Austr. 11, Phyllis nobla L. §&c—Canaria Ins, 12, Correa alba O.—Australia. 13, Riesocris egyptiaca Raf. als. 52—Salix octandra, Sieber—Egypt. Nestronta Raf. n. fl. 503, N. G. of tribe Daph- nides, 14, Umbellula R. 504, shrub of Georgia &c, JUNIA Raf. Dioica, fl. masc.., fem. cal. 5part. persist. cor. Spart. lobis spatulatis trun- catis,glandulis 5 oppos. (an stam. abort?) ovar. ovat. glabr. stylo } stig. 2fidum. capsule 2lo- cul. sem. paucis planis ellipticis. Frutex, fol. oppos. fl. axill__N. G. near to Clethra and Cyrilla; but habit unlike, and perhaps of tribe Myrsinides if there are 5 stamens op- posed to segments of Corolla. I restore for it the name of Junia-given to Clethra by Adanson. 15, Junta triflora Raf. ramulis teretis rugosis fuscatis, fol. petiol. glabris, ovatobl. serratis acutis reticulatis. pedunculis axil. trifloris— pretty shrub, flowers small white, found name- less in a parcel of plants received from Filor- ida, but whether Floridan, Antillan or Afri- can I am not sure. 16, CLETHRA acuminata Mx. Carolina. 17, Cl. tomentosa Lam.—South New Jersey. 18, Cl. angustifolia Raf. ramulis apice hispi- dis, fol brevi petiol. angustis cuneatis acutis, apice mucronato-serratis, subtus pallidi#s. gla- bris,nervis hispidis: rac. gracilis lax. angul. pu- beris, bracteis linearib, pedic. eq. calieib. vix- acutis, furfuraceis, glauco-fulvis,—Florida CENT, I. q shrob, apparently very distinct from CL. alni- folia, leaves quite narrow although as long. 19, Cl. bracteata Raf. ramulis teretib. fulvo to- mentosis, fol. petiol. latoblongis, basi acutis, apice acum. ineq. serrulatis, subtus fulvescens granulatis, nervis tomentosis: racemis laxis, bracteis lanceolatis fi. longior, calicib. fulvis, tament. acutis—very peculiar sp. of Florida, leaves about 2 inches long and one wide, some bracts one inch long. t¢ 20, Cl. pumila Raf. repens, caulib. erectis bre- vis slmpl. apice angul. pubens, fol. petiolis hirsutis. obovatis utrinque acutis, mucronato- serrulatis, glabris, nervis subtus hirsutis: ra- cemo brevis basi laxo, bracteis linear. ped. eq. calicib. obtusis furfuraceis—m South New Jersey, stem only 4 to 10 inches high with a singld raceme and few small uncial leaves. If it is a var. of Cl. alnifolia, it isa singular de- viation. 21, Ci. candata Raf. ramulis angul. villosis, fol. ovatis, basi cordatis, apice. obtuse acum. sub- integris vix erosis glahris, subtis reticul. ner- vis puberis: racemis laxis ebracteatis, cano villosis, calicib. obtusis ¢anis furfuraceis— sent me as the Cl. arborea, but totally un- like, by cordate leaves 3 or 4 inches long, 2 broad, not serrate’ nor oblong, racemes not spiked with rather long pedicels. Probably African. + 23, Diconanera heterophyla Raf: Itea Virgin- ica L. &c. from New Jersey to Louisiana. I restore the excellent generic name of Mit- chell and Adanson, the bad one of Linneus being tooshort and meaning a Willow! I give it a new specific name quite appropriate,since the same shrub has leaves ovate and obovate, 8 AUT. BOT. oblong and elliptic, acute acuminate or ob- tuse; there is nothing permanent but the short petiols, margin serrulate, and pale or glaucous lower surface. Capsules conieal villose in all. Cyritta L. &c, the racemiflora of Mx. dis- tinguished from the antiliana is as variable in leaves as the last G. tne only permanent characters are the entire leaves with reticu- late nerves on both sides; but I have found in the fruit characters for 3 distinct blended species. 24, Cyr. polystachia Raf. fol. reticul. pallidis mediocris petiolatis, infimis obov. obtusis, imis cuneatis acutis ; racemis fascicul. elon- gatis, bracteis subul. brevis, capsulis subgio- bosis—Louisiana and Florida near waters, leaves 2 or 3 inches long, of a yellowish green, racemes 6 to 8 inches. 25, Cyr. parvifolia Raf. fol. retic. subsessilib. virens parvis, oblongis vel cuneatis obt, vel acutis vel acum. racemis fascie. abbreviatis, bract. subul. ped. subeq. capsulis ovatw— Florida and Alabama, leaves small mostly uncial, racemes 3 to 5 inches long. 26, Cyr. fuscata Raf. fol. reticul. brevipetiol. fuscatis amplis, sepe ellipt. obtusis, nonnulis obl. cuneatis ; racemis geminis ternisque ab- breviatis, bracteis subul. pedic. eq. capsulis oblongis—Alabama and Georgia, leaves most ly 3 to 4 inches long of a dark fuscate color above, paler beneath, racemes 4 or 5 inches long—all these shrubs have evergreen coria- eeous leaves; but their shapes and. color, with bracts and capsules are permanent dis- tinctions. 27, FtorKEA wliginosa W. &c—Pennsylv. to CENT. kL. 9 Louisiana, but rare every where. Complete- ly described by myself in 1818 in Silliman Journal, and referred to tribe of Galenides, which has since been wrongly called Lim- nanthacea. 28, Opacmis Raf. new fl. 828. N. G. of same family Galenides—Od. fascicularis Raf. 829 —F lorida. + 29, Forskauia angustifolia Mur—Tenerif. 30, Sryiipus vernus Raf. Med. fl. new fl. -c— N. G. near Geum Ohio to Missouri. 31, Cressa cretica L. O—Egypt, Syria,Creta. 32, Cornetia verticillata Am. Ammania do Lam. O. i—Egypt.° The Ammanias with 4 dentate calix from the G. Cornelia. RONCONIA Raf. cal. camp. 4dent, adherens, cor. o. stam. 4, styl. filif. stig. capit. capsula membranosa uniloc. apice ineq. erumpens, placenta centralis. Herba, fol. oppos. fl. axil, pedic—another G. blended in Ammania,ded- icated to Ronconi, it differs chiefly from Cornelia by uniloc. capsule. 33, Ronconta triflora Raf. (Ammania auricu- lata nonulis) glabra erecta ramosa, ramis virgatis 4gonis, fol. linearib. obtusis basi di- latato cordatis, pedunc. sepe 3floris fol’ bre- vior, bract. subulatis— Egypt. 34, Boyxinia humilis Raf. rev. 1817. Amma- nia do L. A—North America. ‘This G. has also the capsule uniloc. but the calix 8 den- tate as in Ammania and 4 petals. 35, Giinus lotoides L. O—Hispania &c. 3%, Ruta tuberculata Forsk—Egypt. 37, Eptipium humifusum Raf. Peplidiam (ad Peplis) do Del.—Egypt. 38, Dinrrtis linearis Raf. herb, et new fl. 2 10 AUT. BOT. 737-8. Peplis diandra Nut. Dec.—Louisiana, Arkanzas. 39, Semrervivum arachnoideum W. A---Alps Tyrol. + 40, 'Tuersium alpinum L. O---Alpijs. Al, Thes. humifusum L. O.---Hisp. 42, Paraver alpinum L. O—Alpis. 43, Pap. cambricum L..O—Cambria. t 44, Montia fontana L. O---Europa. 45, Atiesira pumila Raf. n. fl. 820-1. N. G. near Veronica, of Arkanzas. t 46, Veronica sparsiflora Raf. n. fl. 825. Mis- souri. 47, Ver. mollis Raf. n, fi. 826. Origon. ‘48, Lirroretta flexuosa Raf. n, fl. 748--- : Alabama and Arkanzas. + 49, Litior. lacustris L. A---Europa. 50, Laruyrvus auriculatus Bert.---Sicilia. 51, Vicia leptophyla Raf. Dec.---Sicilia, 52. Samotus paniculatus R. herb---Florida to Texas. 53, Sam. acaulis R. herb—Mts. Origon. ¢ 54, Sam. multicaulis R. herb—Cieta. 55, Sam. valerandi L. Europa &c. Under that name have been blended 10 or 12 sp. distin- guished in my Monograph, of which I now give 4, | 56, Ononis reclinata O---Sicilia Mts. 57, BiscuTELa raphanifolia Poir---Sicilia. 58, Bisc. pilosa, R. fol. cuneatis acutis sessilib. remote dentatis, siliculis dilatatis obrenifor- mis glabris, margine dense ciliolatis.---In Ar- kanzas, small annual plant, half pedal, leaves 1 or 2 inches long, lower almost petiolate, up- per oblong or lanceol. racemes short, fiowers CENT. I. 11 small yellowish, style persistent, stigma ca- pitate. tf 59, Farsetia incana Raf. Cheiranthus farsetia Desf. &c, Lunaria scabra Forsk---Egypt; Arabia. There isa 2d sp. F. linearis. The G. made a shbg. by Persoon is quite peculiar by elliptic silicles. IONDRA Raf. diff. Thlaspi---Siliculis ovatis compressis margine alatis, latere nervo me- dio in stylo anceps decurrens. The name was an ancient one of Thlaspi. 60, Ionpra arabica Raf. Thlaspi do L. A.--- Arabia, Palest. Egypt. t 61, Burronta tenuifolia L. O,---Italia. 62, Dessenta scoparia Raf. Struthiola erecta L. O.---Africa austr. Adanson’s name of Dessenia is far preferable to Struthiola de- rived from Struthium, the Ostrich, without even any preceptible allusion. CARGILA Raf. diff. Melampodium, Periantn. 4-5phyl. ineq. rad. fem 4-5, flosculis 4-8, sem. 4-4gona, apice nuda truncata---Cargila was Adanson’s name for Melampodium. 63, Caretta dichotoma R. caule dichot. sulca- to, fol. subconnatis obovatis acutis scabris, la- tere subangulatis subtus glaucis, pedic. erec- tis ad dichot. lac. per. ovatob]l. Sent me un- der the false name of Melampodium longi- folium, neither applying nor found in authors. South America, erect pedal, leaves 1 or 2 inches, flowers very small. t 64, Kunnza elliptica Raf. new fl.---falls of R. Cumberland in East Kentucky. 65, K. cinerea R.---Kentucky. 66, K. media R.---Alleghany Mts. 67, K. eupatoroides L---Philadelphia at a sin- gle spot. See my monograph of the genus, 12 AUT. BOT. and supplement thereto, where over a dozen N. Amer. sp. are distinguished. 68, QTHAKE tenuifolium Raf. n. fl. 923 Stevia callosa Nut.---Arkanzas. 69 Oth. longifolium R. n. fl. 924---Arkanzas+ 70, Xeroxieus brevifolius R.n. fl, 925---Louis- iana, another N. G. near Stevia. 71, Fraverta contrayerba Juss. Milleria do Cav---Peru. t 72, Basera glandulosa W. O--Carol, ad Mex. 73, Aucina perfoliata Cav. Wedelia do W.--- Mexico. + 74, Bricketuia cordifolia El.---Carol. + 75, DipLostetma pumila Raf. n. fl. 317---Ar- kanzas. N. G. miscalled Chetanthera and Actinocarpus by some. | 76, Dipl. radians R. n. ft. 318---Texas. 77, Dipl. filiformis R. n. fl. 319---Texas. 78, GRINDELIA squarrosa W. Donia do Pursh ---Missouri. 79, Sippacpia procumbens L. O---Alpis. 80, Ducnesnia fragaroides Dec. Fragaria in- dica---Asia. 81, Dicramnus albus L. O---Italia. 82, RHINANTHUS maximus W.---Creta+ 83, DipymocarPus crenulatus Lind.---Austra- lia N. G, near Ruellia with uniflore scapes, leaves oblong obtuse crenate villose. 84, Mauranpia berkleyana Lind.,--- Antilles. TRIMISTA Raf. diff. Nyctago, cal. 3fid. ineq. cor. infundib. limbo plano trilebo, lobis ineq. emarg. stem. 5 ineq. hypog. non epipet. 3 major exerta filif. antheris glob, stylo exerto filif. stfg. capit. granul. fol. opp. fl. axil. et term. 85, Trimisra levigaia Raf. fol. petiol. glabris ovatis subcord. acutis integris, cal. ovatis a- CENT. I. 13 cutis---Central America, flowers large incar- nate. One of the plants blended in Nyctago jalapa stated to grow in both Indies. + 86, Lorezia bracteata Raf. ramis virgatis, fol. sparsis petiol. ovato lanceol. acum. dentatis ciliolatis, racemis foliosis, bracteis similis. pe- dic. equante—New Mexico, bipedal. leaves uncial, peduncles filiform nodding. + 87, Enpopogon pumilum Raf. fl. tel. 196--- Wasioto hills of Kentucky, N. G. near He- dyotis and the 2 next G. t PLETHYRSIS Raf. diff. Hedyotis, cal. camp. Apart. ineq. foliaceus, cor. infundib. limbo 4part. lac. linear. revolutis, tubo intus villoso, stam. 4 eq. filif. basi villosis exertis, stylo fi- lif. stig. 2 linear. capsula coronata 2loc. dis- perma. fl. term. thyrsoideis, herba.---The name implies multiplied thyrsus, very dis- tinct inflorescence. 88, Preruyrsis glauca Raf. caule 4gono sca- bro, fol. subsessil. ovatis acutis scabris inte- gris, subtus glaucis, thyrsis ovatis basi com- positis foliosis, fl. subsessil. bracteis parvis lanceol.---Unaka or Iron Mts, of Carolina, flowers handsome incarnate, leaves similar to Cunila mariana. Perhaps Spermacoce in- volucrata belongs to same G, but differs by narrow hirsute leaves. and capitate flowers, t 89, Ste_manis glomerata Raf. Oldenlandia et Hedyotis do L. A---New Jersey ad Louisiana my G. proposed since 1818 means unegual crown, the generic characters is found in the unequal calix as in Plethyrsis, but the sta- mens are inclosed, stigma _ sessile capitate, capsule polysperm, seeds trigone &c. 90, Omonora californica Raf. fl. tel. 351 (in 1836) Elshotzia do Chamis. non W. Chryseis 14 AUT. BOT. do Lind. non Chrysis L.---Calif. et Origon. 91, Gynampsis flexuosa Raf. herb. Clintonia Lind. 1830 non Raf. 1818---Origon. hea aaa alpina L,. O-~Alp, Sibir. Amer. or. 93, Veronica prostrata Hofim---Germ. Sibir. Am. bor. 94, Copga scandens O.---Texas, Mex. 95, Graux maritima L. O.---Europa. MARZARTIA. Raf. (bot) diff. Bocconia, cal. nullus vel evanescens, stam. 12-15 filif. anth. longis linear. ovar. obl. stipit. stig. unicum oblongum obt. Herba acaulis, fl. racem. compos.—Totally unlike Bocconia which is frutescent, with 6-8 stamens, style bifid &c. This has habit of Heuchera. 96, Marzaria cordata Raf. Bocconia do W. O—China, fol. longe petiol. cord. repandis, bracteis subul. t 97, Epimepium alpinum L. O—Alpis &c. TROXIRUM Raf. Sylv. tel. 494. diff. Piper fol. opp. vel vertic. stigma obliq. &c. 98, Troxirum villosum Raf. toto villos. fol. subpetiol. opposit. ovatobl. apice atten. ob- tusis uninervis, spicis filif.glabris axil.et term. —Central America, sent me as Piper blan- dum,but very distinct,herbaceous erect,6 to 10 inches high, leaves: uncial, spikes biuncial. 99, Trox. varians Raf. Piper verticillatum L, O.—Antilles. Small plant 3 to 6 inches high, leaves variable obovate or oblong, opposite or 3-5nate, always sessile obtuse trinervate. 100, ZaxirEA linearis Raf. new fi. 990—Ar- kanzas, fine N. G. of Euphorbides. Thus this Century contains 28 N.G. of mine, ‘whereof 7 now first described, with many new and very rare species. CENT. 11. 15 ne ne ce CENTURIA II. 101. VESTIA vel LEVANA Raf. cal. ur- ceol. tubul. 5dent. dentib. subineq. brevis. cor. tubulosa elongata subclavata basi angustiora, limbo 5fido vix patens, lac. acutis, stam, 5 ex- ertis ineq. filif. antheris subrot. Zloc. stylo simi- lis, stigma truncatum. Fruct.... Frutez, fol. alt. fl. term—Very distinct G. sent me under 2 names Vestia lycioides and Blairia pentandra, I find neither in my Authors, it is certainly not a Blairia! I dont know who es- tablished Vestia, I give Levana (a nymph) as a synonym, in case it is also a blunder. The G. appears akin to the many blended in Lyci- wm if the fruit is a berry, the unequal stamens are a character of this group, omitted by over- sight in my reform fi. tel. 261 to 278, thus form- ing a family Lycrorpes distinct from Ilexides ; the Convolvulides differ by capsule and oppo- site stamens. Vest1a lycieides ve] Levana uniflora Raf. glaberrima, fol. sessilib. oblongis obtusis integris uninervis glaucis, basi cuneatis acutis, ramulis apice nudis unifloris—fine African shrub, leaves uncial, some smaller ones obovate in the axils, flower large biuncial, white or incarnate, nod- ding in anthesis. + 102, THERoron napelloides Raf. n. fl. 902. Boykinia aconitif. Nut. non Boykinia Raf. pre- vious—Mts. Unaka of Carolina. + 103, Catymenta granulata Raf. glaberrima, fol. angusto lanceol. basi acutis, apice obtusis, utrinque granulatis, margine flexuoso, fl. axil. solit. lac. perianth. ovatis acutis membranosis 16 AUT, BOT. glabris—Florida and Alabama, pedal, leaves biuncial. 104, Apoxa moscatellina L. O -Eur. Origon. 105, Decumaria barbara O.—Florida. 106, Burnatis floridana Raf. n. fi. 830, Anychia do Baldw. Herniaria Americ. Collins Florida. 107, Pracipia rufa Raf. n. fi. 834, 840. Anychia hernaroides ? Mx. Florida. 108, Arcyrocoma imbricata Raf. n. fil. 839 Paronychia argyroc. Nut —Carol. ~ 109, Argyroc. dichotoma Raf. Achyran- thes et Illecebrum do O.—Virginia. 110, Brurararon breviflorum Raf. n. fl. 845, Illecebrum vermiculatum Mx. non L.— Florida. 111, Discoptis serrata Raf. n. fi. 740— Florida et Cuba, N. G. near Tragia. 112. Cartrema odorata Raf. Olea Americ. L. A—Carol. &c called Pausia in syiv. tel, 10, by mistake having a previous Pauwsia fl. tel. 1139. rectified in appendix. + 113, Potyconum fimbriatum El.—Alabama.+ 114, Polyg. articul. L. O—Nov. Ces. ad Carol. 115, ArKEzostTis quinqueloba Raf. n. fl. 996. Boykinia trispora Nut.—Alabama: thus a 3d Boykinia, see 34 and 102. N. G. Cucurbitacea. 116, Triopanis scabra Raf. n, fi. 905—Mts. Alleghany. 117, Triod. rupestris Raf. n. fl. 906.— Maryland. 118, Ertcenta bulbosa Nut.—Pensylv. ad Kentucky. 119, Perrarta alliacea O.—Hungaria. 120, SHORTTIA Raf. diff. Arabis et Draba stylo elongato persistens, stigma obt. siliculis CENT. I. 17 obtongis planis acutis sepe dimidiatis—G. estab- lished 1834, dedicated to Dr Short. Suortia dentata Raf. Arabis do Nut. Draba do Hooker, Sisymbr. do Tor. et Arabis !—Ken- tucky, Missouri. 121, SEMETUM Raf. diff. Lepidium, stig- ma sessile bilob. silic. ovatobl. nervosa ad dis- sep. contrario angusta, valvis compressis carina obtusa, loculis 1-2 sp.—all my specimens ate in fruit, thus flowers unknown, ekin to Dideptiuen if stamens 2, but silicle not emarginate. Sem- et was an oldname of Lepidium. Semetum ramosum Raf. ramosa subdictiot. fol. lin. cuneatis acutis glaucis integris, racemis ramosis, pedic. comosis filif. elongatis proximis —F lorida. erect smooth, leaves uncial, flowers and silicles very small but profuse. + 122, Discovium ohiense Raf. N. G. 1819. Dec. &c.—Ohio. This G. although shown to Torrey in 1826; has not been admitted by him, and merely noticed as doubtful. It is near the last G. but the silicle is shorter not nervose, stigma entire, petals yellow. + 123, Potypremum squarresum Raf. P. pro- cumbens L. O—perennis, caulib. erectis vel procumb., bisulcatis scabris fol. linearib. mar- gine scabris, internodis longior, florib. sepe term. congestis, bracteis squarosis quaternis—Carol. Florida. I have revised this sp. to contrast it with the next. This curiuos G. does not belong to Scrofularides; but is very near Veronica, differing by habit like Scleranthus, corolla equal and 4 stamens, are they opposited ? when it would be of family Primulides. 124, Polypr. laxum Raf. annuum, decum- bens, caulib. laxis glabris bisulcatis, fol. lin. lan- ceol. margine glabris, internodis brevior, fi. so- 3 is AUT. BOF. ld. ad dichot. bracteis sepe binis—Arkanzag, Texas. Larger plant, leaves broader and lon- ger, flowers quite sessile and never terminal. 125, Arenaria heterophyla Raf. glabra caule paucifloro, stricto simplex, apice fuscate subnudo, fol. planis obtusts, inferis subpetiol. _ euneatis, medialis longe linearib. superis subu- jatis; axilis nudis, pedie. elongatis, calicib. acu- tis. 3nervis, petalis spatutatis elongatis—Arkan- sas, near A, tenella of Nuttal but leaves very different not acute; flowers. white rather large, petals over twice the calix, leaves often uncial. 126. Aren. pitcheri Nut. T'—Arkanzas. 427, Aren. sguarrosa Mx.—Nova Ces. Carol. 128, Aren. laterifiora O.—Niagara et Alleg. 129, Aren. glabra Mx.—summits of Allegh. Mts. E have it from Torrey himself found on top of Shawagunk Mts. of New York, a locality he has forgotten (tike many others) in his fora. 130, Aren. incurva Allioni—Helvetia. 131, Aren. trinervia L. G—Gallia. 4132, Aren. verna L. O.—Alpis. 133, Aren. muralis Sieb—Creta. 134, Aren, setavea (quid ?) Gallia. 135, Honckenya peploides Erh. non W. Adenarium do Raf. n. fl. I. Dec. &c—Eur. marit. 136, Honck. maritima Raf. Aden, do R. n f. I. Holosteum succulentum L.—Am., bor. maritimis. 137, Diantuus tripunetatus Smith—Creta. 138, D. aciphylus Sieber—Creta. 139, D. deltoides L. O.—Alpis, 140, Sttene retundifolia Nut.---Chio, &c. M41. Sil. virginica L. O. miniata Raf. an nat..--West Pennsylv. and Virginia, Kentucky. 142, Sil. scabra Raf. caule simplex scabro CENT. UL 19 wpice glandul. pubescens, 1-3floro, fol ovate lan- ceol. obtusis scabris uninervis. f. brevi pedumc. cal, teretis enervis glabriusc. petalis bifidis, co- rona biloba---barrens of West Kentucky, bipe- dal, leaves uncial and over, flowers large, calix uncial, petals red. i 143, Sil. fruticosa L. O—Sicilia. 144, Sil. vulnera L. O--Sibiria. 145, Sil. gigantea L. .U—Creta. 146, Sil. sedoides Jaq. Desf. W---Grecia, 147, CHLoNANTHES tomentosa Raf. n. fi, %20 —Mts. of Virginia. I have modified Chelane mg. turtle into Chlonanthes mg. turtle flower. 148, Chlon. latiyolia Mg.—Kentucky. 149, Chlon. glabra L.. O.—caule simplex bi- sulcato, fol. petiol. obl. Janceol. glabris obtuse acum, pectinato serratis, fl. spicatis involucr. bracteis ovatis acutis—N. Amer. near water, fl. white. A powerful bitter medicament see my medical flora. 150, Chlen. montana Raf. caule ramoso, ra- mis patulis 4sulcatis, fol. subsessil. lanceol. longe acum. subserratis glabris, florib. capitatis invo- lucratis, bract. ovatis acutis—Mts. Wasioto or Cumberland, bipedal, leaves narrow triungjal, flowers incarnate crowded in a short head. 151, Hemrromus lanceolatus Raf. Herbacea glabra ramosa, ramis virgatis bisulcatis, fol. pe- tiol. lanceol. pectinato serratis, oppos. ternisque racemis laxis, fl. alt. bract. lin. integris—An- tillis and Florida. Stem bipedal, leaves smak uncial, flowers large scarlet. One of the sp. blended in Hemimeris coccinea or linearis of authors, very different from Hemitoma fruti- cosa lwher. The G. Hemitoma has 4 stamens, Hemimeris only 2. 152, Cympacarra alpina Raf. Linaria do.O. 20 AUT. BOT. 153, Cymb. vulgaris R. Linaria cymbal. O. 154. Cymb. egyptiaca R. lin. do O. 155, Cymh. triphyla Raf. Lin. do O.—Sicil. 156, Peroria linaria Raf. Genus monstruo- sus, mirabilis, hybridus &c. 157, Myerantues punicea Raf. n. fi. 229. Genus ad Peloria similis incolit ad Aster and Solidago—Philadelphia, 158, Myct. latifolia R.n. fl. 230—Allegh. M. 159, Myct. axillaris R.n. fl. 231—Allegh. m. 160, Crayronta linearis Raf. fol. binis neq. sessilib. linearib. acutis racemo paucifl. equante, cal. obt. petalis obovatis—Arkanzas, triuncial, slender, leaves uncial,very narrow, fi. incarnate.; 161, Claytonia dilatata Raf. carokmiana Mx? fol. binis eq. ovatolanceol. subpetiol. acum. racemo multifloro brevior. cal. subacutis, petalis obov.—Novanglia, triuncial, leaves uncial. 162, Clayt. perfoliata O.—Amer. bor. 163, Clayt. sibirica O.---Sib. 164, Horronta inflata Mx.---Kentucky. 165, Mrxantza saturefolia Lam.---M. Video. 166, MAnrevrocarpus setosus Ruiz. Payv.--- Chili ad Paraguay. t 167, ACTARTIFE Raf. diff. Boltonia, Rad. sepe 20, angustis subintegris, sem. obl. compr. mutica, apice integra vel denticul.--- Types the sp. blended in B. asteroides, the real G. Boltonia with 2 sp. glastifolia and diffusa E, has 80 to 40 rays 3dentate, seeds winged with 2 or 4 bristles. Actartife was an ancient name of Anthemis. AcTarTIFE cyneifolia Raf. caule erecto pau- cif. suleato, fol. sessilib, cuneatis mucronatis, margine integro scabro, infimis subspatulatis, pedunc. subnudis---Florida, found by Baldwin, deemed B. asteroides, which differs by leaves CENT. IT. 21 oblong amplex. dentate, lower pinnatifid. Stem pedal nearly simple, leaves uncial, flowers like Erigeron, perianthe imbricate subulate as in all Boltonias. 168. Actartife angustifolia Raf. caule di- chot. corymboso angulato, fol. sessilib. longo linearib. acutis margine scabro integro, pedun- culis squamosis, sq. subulatis---Delaware, mis- taken for B. gtastifolia by Nuttal, not even of same Genus and leaves not serrate. Stem bi- pedal, leaves 1 or 2 inches long, flowers small, habit quite similar to Erigeron philadelphieum. 169, Lomaxera verrucosa Raf. n. fl. 919. Hymenop. corymb. Baldw. Polypteris integrif. Nut.---Florida. 170, Balduina bicolor Raf. n. fl. 920---Flo- rida. ¢ 171, NracTetis strigosa Raf. n. fl. 910--- Florida. 172, ArmorrA acuminata Raf. n. fl. 912— Florida, this and last G. near Acmella and Es- | petetia. 173, Brnpera ciliata R. n. fl. 915---Louisi- ana, NG. near Asters, differs by perianthe simple. + 174, Nevretmis pumila Raf. n. fi. 918.— Cuba, very singular flosculose G. I nad called it once Jalambica from the discoverer; but there is a previous Jalambica of Llave. + 175, Marswattia spiralis R. n. fl. 933—Ar- kanzas. 176, Marsh. tenuifolia R. n. fl. 934—Florida 177, Oricrina latifolia R. n. fl. 955—Ken- tucky, the Narbalia crepidinea belongs to this Genus. 178, Dartuca prostrata Raf.—Florida N. G. near Evolvulus, but with irregular corolla. 22 AUT. BOT. 179, Srytisma peduncularis Raf. n. fl. 871 —Alab. Flor. This G. is formed by the sp. blended in Convolv. tenellus, trichosanthes,sher- ardi &c. 180, Sty!. heterophyla R. n. fi. 869--Florida. 181, Styl. elliptica R.n, fl, 870—Alabama. 182, Poesir1a cuneifolia R. n. fl. 874—Nov. Ces. &e. t 183, Panax americanum R. med. fi. ic. n. fi. 878—N. Amer. 184, Panaz trifolium L. O—N. Amer. 185, Panazx lanceolatum R. n. fi. 877---Al- legh. m. 186, Ansonta tenuifolia R. n. fl. 880-F lorida. 187, Ans. angustif. O---Carol. &c. ; 188, Ans. ciliata Walt.---Carol. t 189, Ans. salicifolia O---Kentucky ad Lou- siana. 190, Ans. elliptica Raf. fol. ellipt. acutis--- Alab. t 191, Ans. latifolia O---Virg. Carol. 192, Lyonsia cuspidata Raf. n. fl. 883-~- Florida. t 193, ANANTHERIX grandiflora R. n. fl. 884 ---Arkanzas. 194, An. verrucosa Raf. Asclepias connivens ¥.---Alabama. 195, Az. viridis Nut.---Carol. + 196, Oxicoron longifolium R. n. fl. 886. Asclepias do Mx, floridana Lam.—Florida ad Arkanzas. 197, Olig. tenuifolium R. n. fl. 887.—Ar- kanzas. - 198, Oranema latifolia R. n. fl. 889---Al- legh. M. 198. Qt. ovata R. n. fi, 890---Novangl. aa Virg, CENT. IIE. yas 7 200, Ot. lanceolata R. n. fi. 891. Asclep. do Ives &c---Novangl. ad Kentucky. All the above N. G. from 186 are of Asclepides tribe. This Century contains 25 N. G. whereof 4 now first described with 14 N. sp. now des- cribed. CENTURIA IIL. 201. EVACTOMA Raf. diff. Silene et Cucubalus, cal. infl. camp. 5fid. membranosis, petalis 5 flabellatis multifidis non coronatis, sty- lis 3, caps. 3loc. 3valvis, fol, verticil. fl. subra- — _ cem.—This deserves to be a G. by habit and characters, the name means well cut. star. Evactoma stellata Raf. Cucub. et Sil. do O--- ---N. America. 202, Cucusatus baccifer, L. Europa, the only real type of this G. with calix as in evac- toma but deeper 5fid, petals bifid, capsule bac- cate, leaves opposite, fl. in forks. called MMoen- chia by Necker, not of others. 203, OBERNA Ad. Behenantha Otth. diff. Cucubalus, cal. urceolato inflato 5dent. inter- dum reticul. basi umbilic, Capsula sicca. &c. —blended with Cucubalus and Silene by all authors. 204, Operna nivea Raf. Silene nivea Dec. Cucub. do Nut.—Susquehannah, one of the rarest Amer. plants, found by me since 1804. ; 205, Oserna reticulata Raf. caule erecto dichot. anceps, fol. brevis lanceol. acutis, basi membrana connatis, fl. corymbosis, cal. amplis reticulatis, petalis flabellatis bifidis nudiusculis —Sibiria or N. W. America, internodes long, leaves short seldom uncial, flowers large white, calix exactly as in the G. base deeply umbili-~ cate, 5 large teeth. 24 AUT, BOT, 206, Oberna fabaria Raf.—Sicil. Oreta. 207, XAMILENIS Raf. Nanosilene! Oth. nom. pessim. diff, Cucubalus, cal. caanp, urceol. non inflatus Sdent. petalis emarg. subnudis, ¢aps. sicca. fol. cespit, ped. Ll. fl. dieicis—very dis- tinct by habit &c, the name means dwarf péxk. XAmMILENIs uniflora Raf. Silene acaulis L. O —Labrador. 208, PLECONAX Raf. diff. Silene, cal, eva- tis conicis inflatis 5dent. 30 sulcatis, 30 nervrs, basi umbilic.petalis bifidis,caps. lageniform. wnai- loc { caulib. simplex, paucifl—very peculiar calix giving name to the Genus. Preconax striata Raf. Silene cenica L O— Europa. ; 209, ALIFIOLA Raf. diff. Silene, cal. ovatis lageniformis, 5gonus 5pteris Sdent. basi acutis, petalis angustis apice bilobis. caps. sessilis uni- loc. globosa, pericarpium duplex, extus crusta- ceum 3dent. intus membranosum sem. globosa, dichot. fl. term—very singular G, that I cannot refer to known sp. the fru quite seeuliar, not aaa: as in most of akin, swelling the aa- ix in the shape of a gourd or urn, with 5 wings, the name implies this: 2 sp. AutrioLa dichotoma Raf. levigata, caule tereto dichot. fo}. amplexic. lanceol. acutis tri- nervis, fl. panicul. Jonge pedunc.—In Ken- tucky, disc. 1818 when called Silexe alata, 12 to 15 inches high, leaves nearly biun- cial and subequal to internodes, flowers of mid- dle size, petals mcarnate small on long claws, emarginate. 210, ALiFioLa fleridana Raf. glabra, caule simplex paucifloro, fol. linearib. acutis interno- dis brevior uninervis, fl. term. brevi pedanc.— Florida, disc. by Kin, habit of S. antirrhina. CENT. IL. Qs only half pedal, flowers twice as iarge, equal to A. dichotoma, calix half uncial, wings not so broad nor reaching the base, petals red emarg. bilobe. + 211, IXOCA Raf. diff. Silene, cal. camp. 5lo- bis enervis, petalis apice 4lobis, stylis 3-5, caps. 3-Sdentatis uniloc. fl. term.—The name is shortened from Ixocaulon of Greeks. Ixoca tenella Raf. Silene 4dentata L. O.— Alpis. : 212. OTITES Ad. Raf, diff. Silene, dioic. vel monoica, cal. camp. 5dent. 1Onervis, petalis in- tegris undulatis non connatis, fl. panieulatis— many sp. belong here O. parviflora, QO. sibiri- ca &c, with the 2 next. is Orrres cuneifolia Raf. Silene otites L. QO. fol. radic. petiol. cuneatis acutis, caulinis parvis lin- earib. basi membr. connatis, panicula gracilis, fi. verticil. ped. brevis glabris—Germania fc. 213, Orrtrs myrianthes Raf. fol. linearib. parvis remotis sessilib. panicula trichot. snbco- rymb. fi. fastigiatis numerosis, pedic. elongatis glabris—Sibiria, sent me as Cucabalus pilesus, meri not in the books, perhaps only a yar. of ast. 214, GyrsorHita corymbosa Raf. caule erec- to tereto, apice dichot, glanduloso, fol. remotis linearib. acutis, basi membranosis connatis fi. corymb. dichot. fastigiatis, bracteis scariosis cal. canis, caps. globosis—Florida, pedal, leaves un- cial, flowers almost similar to Otites in size and form, but a real Gypsophitla by cal. camp. 5an- gular, petals obovate entire white, capsule uni- locular semi 4yvalve, valves obtuse. Thus of my subg. Aploma fi, tel. 190. 215, Gyps. ternifolia Raf. H. p. 17--Origan. A 26 AUT. BOT. 216, Gyps. nudicaulis Raf. caule rigido tri- chot. glauco nudo, fol. squamualis acutis brevis- simis, panicula dichotoma laxa, pedunc. longis- simis—Carpathian Mts. sent me under a false name, unlike any other, large plant, flowers small, calix hardly angular 5fid, capsule obovate semi 4valve obtuse. 217, Gyps. muralis L. O—Europa. 218, Gyps. repens L. mB ow fe 219, Gyps. suffruticosa Raf. caule suffrat. basi ramoso genicul. fol. basi imbricatis linearib. acutis. apice remotis subulatis, fl. corymbosis dichot. stylis elongatis, petalis integris---Carpa- thian Mts. semipedal, leaves uncial below. fi. white, calix membr. between the teeth. t 220, Gyps. (Vacaria) cretica Sm. Saponaria do L.---Creta, the subg. Vaccaria differs by ea- lix more elongate, and petals emarginate. 221, Arrost1a paniculata Raf. fl. Tel, 193-- Sibiria, my G. Arrostia of 1810 differs from Gy- psophila by calix not angular, capsule bivalve, fl. paniculate &c. 222, Arrostia parviflora Raf. caule tereto di- chot. fol. lin. lanceol. acutis glabris uninervis internodis eq. basi subconnatis, paniculis co- rymbosis, cal. globosis semi membranosis, petalis integris---Armenia or Caucasus, sent me as Gyps. altissima. but very different, smaller leaves narrower uncial, flowers white very small the calix has 5 green stripes under the teeth + 223, Tunica dianthoides Raf. fi. T, 195. Gyps. do Sm.---Mts of Creta, the old G. Tuni- ca of Dalechamp by me restored is medial be- tween Gypsophila and Dianthus, having the an- nrg calix of the first. but caliculate as in the ast. 224,--- Tunica podolica Raf. caule dichot. fi- CENT. lI. 27 lif. fol. remotis lineari-filif. adpressis pedicellis elongatis unifloris, caliculis sq. 2-4 lanceol. acum. petalis cuneatis retusis---Podolia, sent me by Decandole (by mistake) as Gyps. struthium a Spanish plant totally different ; nearer to Tun. or Gyps. rigida which has flat leaves and bi- flore peduncles. Stem pedal, leaves half uncial flowers incarnate, calix membranose except the 5 angles and teeth. 225, Saronaria ocymoides L. Q.---Alpis. 226, Sap. illyrica L. O.---Sicilia. 228, Acrostema celirosa L. O.---Sic. ad Montes. 229, Agr. coronaria L. O..---Lialia. 230, Lycunis floscuculi L. O—Europa. 231, Lych. alpina L. O---Labrador +---Subg. Nestelmesa Raf. without crown. 232, ae chalcedonica L. O---OQriente. 233, EXEMIX Raf. diff, Lychnis, eal. tere- tis subenervis 5fidis, basi bract. caliculatis ut Dianthus, petalis coronatis flabellatis fimbriatis the name means out half calix shortened from Exohemicalyx. | Exemix grandiflora Raf. Lychn. do Jaq. co- ronata Thunb---China. fol. ovatis acum. aubt. glaucis, bract. 2 lanc. acum. petalis emarg. t 234, Sreris viscaria Raf. Lych. do L. O.— Europa. The G. Steris of Adanson is well dis- tinguished by calix clavate 10nerve, petals en- tire caps. Slocular on a long stipe or podogyne. 235, Puysocarron Necker, Melandrivm non- nulis, diff. Lychnis fi. dioicis cal. ob]. dSnervis Sdent. petalis bifidis coronatis, unguibus sepe coalitis, caps. uniloc. Svalvis—the Lychnis dioi- ca of L. blending probably 3 or 4 sp. forms this G. evidently distinct. Physoc,.arvense Raf. pubescens, caule di- 28 AUT. BOT. chot. striafo, fol. obl. vel. ellipt. acutis scabriusc. panicula dichot. bract. lanceol. caps. conicis— the most common European sp. fiowers white. 236, Physoc. capitatum Raf. piloso, caule simplex sulcato, fol. cuneatis obovatisque acu- tis. ciliatis reticulatis, fl. capit. involucratis, caps. subrot.—-Germania, fl. incarnatis, a smaller plant. 237, Physoc. vespertinum Raf. caule piloso angulato subdichot. fol. lanceol. glabriuse. acu- tis, fl. term. paucis pedunculatis, caps. ovatis— Sent me as Lychnis vespestina and nocturna from England and Germany, although no such names in books; pedal leaves longer and nar- rower than in others, flowers incarnate. 238, Sirens (Viscago) furcata Raf. pubes- cens, caule bifloro vel furcato, ramis unifl. fol. cuneatis acutis, superis lanceol. remotis paucis, cal. brevis teretis, dentib. latis, petalis brevis angustis bifidis—Labrador and Hudson Bay, remarkably like the last plant, but-a reai Silene not dioical and with 3 styles, smaller 4 to 6 inches high, calix and petals shorter, mcar- nate. | 239, Arocion Ad. Otth &c, differs from S- lene by capsule unilocular, calix clavate 1Oner- ved. The G. Silene requires a total revision and reform, of which I show the bases here; it was preposterous to unite 150 sp. with calix swelled, campanulate, oval, oboval, clavate, terete &c, smooth or nerved or winged, petals entire or divided, with or without crowns, cap- sule I or3 locular. The subg. of Ottho and Dec. are more by habit than characters and often badly named.—The real Silene Raf. ought to have calix tubular obl, or terete, capsule 3locu- lar, with some subg. yet— Viscago calix striate CENT. III. 29 ot 10nerved—Anevriphis cal. not nerved—Gy- mesiu, petals not crowned &c. Atocion armeria LL. O.—fol. ovatolanc. su- peris latioribus subcordatis, fl. corymbosis— Europa. 240, Atocion armeroides Raf. fol. oblongis, infimis cuneatis, superis lanc. angustior—Ken- tucky, Alabama &c, the American plant ap- pears a deviation with narrow leaves and often few flowers—It has also 3 var. 1 uniflora—2 pauciflora—3 atbiflora. | : 241, EBRAXIS Raf. diff. Silene, cal. ovatobl. levis vix 10nervis 5dent. in fruct. erumpens, pe- talis limbo brevissimo bilobo coronato, capsula urcedlata 6dentata semi 3 locul. sem. papillosis —the name implies to be shortened, Rupifraga of Otth. was employed by Lin. see fl. tel. 243, Ebrazis Virgata Raf. Silene Antirhina L. O. —N. Amer. 342, Diantrurra formosa Raf, fruticosa, ra- mis teretis atropurp ramulis hispidis, fol. petiol. ovatis acum. subrepandis, basi acutis, superis hispidulis, ff. term. 3-5, cal, obl. ineq. cor. galea bident.—South America, sent me as Justica formosa, name not in books, a real Dianthera, and even a subg. therein, Larnaplagis Raf. different from the 5 subg. of my Dianthera fl. tel. 977, by—eal. ineq. cor. tubo recto, galea 2Qdentata, lab. subeq. 3fido, antheris curvis, lo- culis 2 proximis suprapositis diagonalis obliquis stigma acut—a fine shrub, leaves 3 or 4 inches long, rather thin, petioles and nerves hispid, flowers red nearly uncial. 243, Dranruera linearifolia Raf. Just do Lam. caule herb. costato flexueso. virgato, fol. sessiltb. longis cuneato linearib. acutis integris 30 AUT. BOT. patulis, pedunc. 4gonis fol. brevior, capitulis paucifl._—Carol. Florida, this and all the North Amer. sp. of this G. belong to my subg. Eupo- danthes fi. T. 977, so natural as to have been made a single sp. by some. ‘This has long nar- row leaves obt. triuncial. small heads and flowers. 244, Dianth. longifolia Raf. caule herb. cos- tato rigido, fol. sess. lanceol. acutis longissimis, basi cuneatis integris patulis, pedunc. brevis sul- catis, capitulis depressis—found in R. Susque- hannah, akin to last, but robust with large broad leaves, 4 to 6 inches long, perhaps a remarka- ble deviation. 245, Dianth, repanda Raf. caule rigido cos- tato, fol. adpressis sessil. oblongis repandis,apice obtusis callosis, pedunc. longissimis 4sulc. sub4fl, —very distinct sp. from Arkanzas, smaller,with short leaves biuncial, larger flowers &c. + 246, Dianth. ensiformis Raf. Just. do Walt. pedunc. Mx, &c, repens, caulib. herb, 4gonis acutangulis erectis,fol, sess, lin. lanc. acutis sub- repandis, pedunc. 4gonis fol. subeq. capit. spica- tis—such is the most common kind from New England to Carolina and Missouri. 247, Dianth. humilis Raf. Just. do O.—re- pens, caulib. adscendens, costatis, fol. sess. obl, vel. cuneatis obtusis subintegris, pedunc. fol. longior angulatis, fl, spicatis—Alabama to Lou- isiana, 2 sp. have also been blended in J. humi- lis, this is small, semipedal or less. 248, Dianth. heterophyla Raf. caule recto acutang. fol. subsess. ellipt. vel ovatis vel. obov. vel. obl. integris vel repandis, sepe obtusis, ped. fol. subeq. spicatis—Carol. to Florida, pedal, leaves large quite variable, not at all humble, spike often of 5 remote flowers. CENT. Il. $I 249, Dianth. (Eumala) mollis Raf. Just. li- thospermif. nonnulis non omnis. Fruticosa mol- lis villosa, ramis teretis, fol. petiol. ovatobl. basi acutis, apice obt. acum. integris, fl. verticil. ax- ill. sessilib. bract. linearib. galea emarg. labio dilat. 3lobo—South America, leaves uncial soft, flowers large white. The real J. lithosp. dif- fers by rough oblong leaves, flowers peduncul. &c. This forms a subg. Eumala (well soften- ed) by habit and calix subeq. cor. tube short & thick, upper lip ovate obt. emarg. lower very broad equaly trilobe, anthers oblique as in Lar- naplagis, but the lower cell protruding or cau- date as in Uranthera. 250, IDANTHISA Raf. (aspect fl. eq.) diff. Just. cal. 5 part. eq. cor. tubulosa recta, limbo subeq. 4fido, lac. unica supera magis divisa ut, galea plana integra, antheris sagittatis 2loc. lo- culis paralelis subobliq. insertis, stig. obt. Fru- tex. semperv. fl. axil. subspicatéis—another N. G. of the Justicoides tribe, nearest akin to Ada- toda fi. Tel. 969, but different by equai corolla, galea not concave, anthers bilocu: v3 Ipantuisa ligustrina Raf. glabra, ramis te- retis, fol. subpetiol. lanceol. acutis coriaceis in- tegris, superis linearib. sessil. ff. axil. sess. solit, cor. lac. obl. obt.—F ine shrub, sent me as Just. superba (no such name in books) probably of KE. Indies, leaves uncial, flowers large nearly 2 inches long, apparently red or incarnate. 251, RODATIA Raf. (bot.) diff. cal. ineq. cor. limbo bilab, galea brevis biloba, labio dila- tata eq. 3loba, antheris curvis 2loc. loc. paralelis fl. spicatis bracteatis—very peculiar habit, un- like any of my G. except Flavicoma fl. Tel. 979. Ropatia reticulata Raf. ramis 4cost. 4sulc. 32 AUT, BOT. fol. petiol. amplis ovatobl. acum. reticulatis. spi- cis obl. axil. and term. pedune. bract. imbrica- tis ovat. acum. reticul. cor. lobis obtusis—South America, sent me again as Just. formosa, altho’ quite unlike 242, leaves 4 to 6 inches long 2 or 3 wide, corollas red almost covered by the large bracts. t¢ 252, Elytraria virgata Mx.—F lorida. t 253, ApELopa brachiata Raf. Just. do P. &c, ram. brachiatis 4cost. 4sulc. fol. petiol. ovat. acu- integris basi obt. fl. panic. sessilib. cal. ext. bracteoso 2valv. ineq. obov. acutis—this and next belong to my G. Adeleda fl, Tel. 972, with many sp. once blended in Just. bivalvis,the dou- ble calix external bivalye and corolla with 2 en- tire lips, are very peculiar. Florida. 254, Adeloda verticillata Raf. ramis erectis bisulcatis, fol. petiol. ovatob]. acutis repantiis, basi acutis, ff, axill. vertic. pedunc. cal. ext. bracteoso 2valv. ineq. obov. obt. repandis.—Ar- kanzas and Texas, very distinct from. last, bi- pedal, leaves very thin 2 or 3 inches long. The internal calix in both appears short subulate, often multifid or pectinate, corolla incarnate, lobes unequal obov. obt. stigma obt. anthers ex- ert bilobe, 2locular, but one cell abortive, fila- ments subul. flat. 255, Ruet1i1a strepens L.O—Pens.ad Louis. subgenus Hemelosia. 256, Ruel. tubiflora Lec.—Florida. 257, Ruel, ciliosa Pursh &c---Florida, Car. Alab. 258, Hyerorpnixa oblongifolia Raf. Ruellia do O.---This G. was formed by R. Brown upon unequal corolla, see fl. Tel. 993 259, Hygroph. pilosa Raf. pilosa hispida caulib. simpl. 4gonis, fol. subpet. Ianc. vel obl. CENT, 1. 33 acutis, fl. axil. cal. filif. hispidis, corollis tubi- floris reticulatis—Kentucky and Alabama, dis- tinct from last although cften blended, flowers as large as in R. Strepens, leaves 1 or 2 inches, 260, Hygroph. hypericifolia Raf. caulib. strictis pubens 4cost. 4sulc. fol. sessil. ellipt, obtusis subcrenato repandis glabriuse, axilis bi- foliosis unifl. cal. filif. cor. brevis venosis pro- funde lobatis—Florida to Alabama, habit of Hypericum and Ascyrum, leaves uncial, root perennial creeping, flowers small half size of the others, tube short, lobes oblong, klae as in all akin. 261, Sarazina gibbosa Raf. (vel grandiflora) purpurea L. non omnis—several sp. or var. are blended in this remarkable plant, difficult to characterize, and none are realy purple—fol. conformis subsessilib. obovato gibbosis, lutes- cens, ala ampla gibbosa, appendice renif. setis retrorsis, scapis flexuosis, cal. obt. vel retusis, petalis spatulatis—Canada to Virginia,swamps, 262, Saraz. heterophyla Eaton, appears to differ by leaves diforme longer petiolate, nar- row wing. streight scape, flowers smaller, calix and petals undulate 4:c.—Novanglia, very rare.+ 263, Saraz. venosa Raf. differs from gib- bosa, by leaves short, with small wings, venose reticulate of red chiefly in the lid, scape streight flowers smaller— Virg. ad Florida. 264, Saraz. parviflora Raf. fo}. sessilib, tu- bulosis, ala angusta, appendice concavo forni- cato, scapis flexuosis, cal. latoyatis acutis— very distinct sp. of Florida, yet akin to the last, leaves 3 to 6 mches long, nervose, flowers very small, purplish. 263, Saraz, rubra Walt. &c—Carol. Flori 2 34 AUT. BOT. da, leaves pedal, narrow lid ovate obt, flower red as in the preceding, rather large. 266, Saraz. acuta Raf. fol. tubul. longiss. nervosis ala angustissima, append. erecto renif. acuto—Alabama, I have not the flowers, leaves pedal with paralel nerves, base acute, mouth small, lid smooth. t¢ 267, Saraz. adunca Raf. fol. tubul. longis ner- vosis infundib. ala angust. append. ovato actun- co glabro—Florida leaves pedak lid with a hooked point. 268, Saraz. flava L. O—Carol. 269, Sarav. variolaris Mx—Carol. This fine G. requires yet an amending hand, notwith- standing the Monographs and labors of Nattal, Croom, Eaton, Torrey who has only 6 sp. in- cluding S. drumondi and psittacina. 270, Hyprova ovatifolia Raf. n. fi. 896— Arkanzas. 271, Hydr. psnieulata R, n. fi, 897—Ar- kanzas. 272, Hydr. caroliniana Mx. 4valvis W.— Carolina, capsule bivalve, peduncled axils, 2-4flore, bracteate. stem and calix hirsute. 273, Hydr. uniflora Raf. caule flexuoso inerme glabro, fol. alt. lanceol. acutis subsessil. pedunc. axil. unifl. bract. 2 obl. ineq. cal. lin. glabris—Louisiana on Red River, sent me by Torrey as Hydr. 4valvis. but unlike the last, smooth, not spinose, leaves smaller biuncial, flowers bluish white, anthers blue shaped like z, caps. bivalve. t 274, Esertea glomerata Riddell Mpt.— Louisiana in water, singular G. sent me by Rid- dell in fruit without flowers, and thus I cannot be sure of the tribe; the habit and fruit is of the Justicoides—caule herbaceo atropurp. sim- CENT. 1, 35 plex, fol. opp. decuss. sess. lanceol. obtusis mar- gine scabris integris. fl. vertic. glomeratis (albis estivalis est Rid.) cal, Spart. lac, lane. acum. capsulis obl. bivalvis hiloc. valvis septiferis par- tibilis dorso suleato, sam. ad sept. remotis re- nif, +—The Justieia chelionida of fl. ludov. 113 appears a 2d sp. of this G. differing merely by loaves acute, fl. geminate pedunculate ; if sa the corolla is campan. bilab. upper lip narrow reflexed bidentate, lower very braad Slobe, It may be called Eb. geminata, 273. DIPLANDRA Raf. diff. Jussieva et: Ludwigia, petalis 4, glandulis 4 Junulatis villosis. ad petalis oppos. stam, 8 brevis, stylo breveistig. glob. capit. caps. 4gona coronata latere dehis~ cens, intus subuniloc. placentas 8. Fol. alt. fl. axil—the Amer. Sp. of Ludwigia, Jussieva,Is- nardia and Ammama have been so blended, as to perplex all botanists: yet excellent eharac- ters tan be found in the calix. stamens, glands and capsules, requiring yet some N. G, this is very distinct, the fruit is very peculiar almost clavate semi 4valv, nearly unioc. with 8 fili- form persistent placentas forming the 4 angles and nerves of surface, united at top in a kind of radiant arch, seeds minute. Dirtanpra decurrens Raf. Ludw. do Wait. Lud. justicoides Mx. Jussieva erecta Abbot t. 40, Pursh &c. caule ramoso tereta alato, fol. lanceql. decurrens acutis, fl. axil. sess. petalis subrot. caps. glabris alatis—Carol. ad Missouri &c, 2 or 3 feet high, leaves 2 to 6.inches, petals yellow, small. 276, Diplandra heterophyla Raf. caule hu- mile basi ramoso vix alato, fol. infer. ob]. obtu- sis vix decurrens, superis lin, }anc. obt. sessilib, —Louisiana, a deviation of last, pedal, leaves 38 AUT. BOT. small uncial or less, flowers and fruits similar. 277, Dirtanpra compressa Raf. caule an- ceps vixalato, ramis fastigiatis filif. spicatis, fol. lanceol. sessil. acutis, ad ramis linearib. petalis obovatis, capsulis non alatis 8nervis scabro- granulatis—F lorida, sent to Collins by Leconte as Jussieva trachisperma, bipedal, leaves bi- uncial, on twigs uncial, flowers pretty large. 278, Dipl. montana Raf. glabra, caule tere- to simplex, fol. inf. parvis petiol. obl. obt. cete- tis sessil. lanceol. obt. acum. fl. axil. solit. peta- lis obl, obt. cal. vix longior, capsulis clavatis Snervis—Unaka Mts. of Cherokis, annual, pe- dal, lower leaves uncial, others large triuncial, petals white, called J. erecta in Collins Herb: as well as next, altho so unlike. + 279, Dipl. pumita Raf, nana glabra caule compr. simpl. fol. sess. ‘lin. lanceol. obt. fl. sess. axil. parvis cal. ovat. acum. serrulatis, caps: clavatis—Florida, annual, 3 to 4 inches high, leaves few 1 or 2 inches, fi. small, petals yellow oblong. 280, Dipl. ovata Raf. Jus. do? nonnulis auct. J. grandiflora fl. ludov 317 non Mx.— caule compr. non alato vix ramoso, fol. sessitib. ovatobl. obtusis, superis obl. fl. subsess. cal. ovat. neum. petalis ovatobl. obt. cal. eq. capsulis cla- vatis Snervis—Florida to Louisiana, pedal, leaves uncial, fi. small, petals yellowish. 281, ADENOLA Raf. diff. Jussieva Diplan- dra, eal. 5-6part. interdum deciduus, petals 5-6, stam. 10-12, alt. brevioribus, glandulis 10-12 ad stam. alt. stylo clavato, stigma turbin. capitato um bilic.capsulis mecsipeiilin neevenaae ae. septis evanescens, sem. numerosa 5-6serialis, ad placentis 5-6erectis liberis. caps. maturis co- rona carens apice truncata erumpens vix de- CENT. 111. 37 hiscens. Fol. alt. fl. axil.—this will include the remainder of the N. American Sp. of Jussieva, the real Ludwigias being distinguished by cap- sules short angular cubical opening by a ter- minal pore Avenota grandifiord Raf. Jussieva do Mx. &c—Florida &c fol. lanceol. acutis, fl. decan- dris, seldom producing seeds. 282, Adenola glauca Raf. Jussieva lepto- carpa Nut. &e, erecta caule angulato hispido, fol. sessil. obl. et cuneatis acutis glaueis, ff. brevi pedic. sepe 12andris, cal. hisp. lanc. acum. tri- nervis, petalis eq. capsul. glabriusc. multinervis —Louisiana to Alabama, ultra pedal, leaves 1 or 2 inches, flowers smal! petals short, capsule Very singular, when quite ripe uncrowned but still mdehiscent, seeds peculiar cordate flat with truncate margin around. 283, Adenola longipes Raf. Ludw. peduncul. nonnulis non Mx. Katonia amphibia Rid. Mpt. repens, glabra, caule assurgens flexuoso, fol. longe petiol. ellipticis vel latobl. utrinque acutis, fl. longe pedunc. fol. eq. sepe decandris, cal. lane. acutis, petalis obov. venosis ad cal. longior —Florida and Louisiana in water, pedal, leaves large 2 to 4 inches long, 3 to 6 with petiols,fiow- ers: yellow larger than in last, 5 short alt. sta- mens often s,gortive or changed into glands,cap- sule as in li t, but evidently Slecular when im- mature alt geeds peculiar triquetrous oblong truncate at both ends, perhaps a subg. Veres- perma Raf. as there is a previous EKatonia, Quite distinct from Ludw. peduneutosa with oppos. linear leaves. ae Lupwiera mollis Mx. O—Car. Florida, ab. | 285, Ludw. pilosa Walt. Virg. Car. caule 38 AUT, BOT. angul. ramosa, fol. obl. obt. petalis cal. longior. 286. Ludw. hirtella Raf. n. sp. 2 (1808) hir- suta Pursh 1814? hirsuta, caule ang. virgato simpl. fol. snbamplex. lanceol. acutis vel obt. glaucis, petalis cal. eq—Maryland and New Jersey, disc. by myself 1804 published 1808, 1-2pedal, leaves uncial base rounded, capsules 4gone on short peduncles. 287, Ludw. pruinosa Raf. pruimosa scabri- usc. caule simplex subtereto colorato, fol. sessi- lib. nervo decurens lanceol. subacutis trinervis, fl. pedunc. cal, ovat. reflexis, petalis cal. duplo longiorib—Allegh. Mts. and Kentucky, pedal, stem red or fuscate, leaves uncial, flowers large pale yellow, akin to the 2 last and also to L. macrocarpa. 288, Ludw. virgata Mx. &c, non Elliot— Alabama, caule tereto, fol. lin. obt. petalis ochroleucis cal. duplo longior. 289, Ludw. juncea Raf. caule virgato angul. simplex, fol. remotis glabris linear. obt. superis minimis cuneatis, fl. racemosis, cal. ovatis acu- tis ad pet subrot. subeq —Alabama, near the last, but still more slender, leaves narrower, stem angular, flowers small yellow, petals round, stamens with 4 alt. glands or abertive stamens opp. to pétals, style long, stigma very large sha- ped like an Agaricus. 290, Ledw, lanceolata Elliot~-Fyorida, Car. stem angular, capsules sessile shor’ @gcne. 291, Iswannia angustifolia D, R. Ludw. do Mx. linearis Walt.—Carol. Flor. Alab. I unite to Isnardia with Decand. all the Ludwigias without a cubical 4gone capsule, flowers often apetalous. 292, Isn, glandulosa D. R. Ludw, do Walt. ee CENT. LE 30 —Carol. Florida, my specimens have the glands on stem, branched angular, leaves small petio- late obl. acute. 293, Isn. cylindrica D. R. Ludw. do Elliot - —Carol. to Louisiana stem. ang, no glands, leaves sess. lanceol. acute 1-2 inches long, sub- repand. 294, Ammanta linearifolia Raf. ramosa O. ramis 4gonis virgatis, fol. linearib. obt. nonnulis basi dilatatis, fi. sepe verticil—one of 4 sp, or var. blended in A. ramosa, this the largest bi- pedal. ‘Fhis G. only differs from Isnardia by calix Sdentate. 295. Am. multicaulis Raf. caulib. angul. vir- gatis simpl. fol. linearib. acutis, #1. sepe vertic— Virginia, pedal, leaves uncial, 296, Am. teres Raf. caule teres vix ramoso fol. obl. obt. carnosis, caulinis basi cord. ad me- dio. angustatis, rameis cuneatis brevis, ft. sepe solit—Virg. ad Carol. pedal, leaves twice as broad as in last, broader at both ends. 297, Am. longifolia Raf. caule teres vix ra- moso, fol. elongatis gramineis acutis flacidis, basi cord. amplex. subtus glaucis, fl. sepe solit. —Arkanzas and Louisiana, leaves 2 or 3 inches Jong strap shaped not narrower in the middle, thin and flacid, not rigid as in the*others, pe- tals white. 298, Am. diffusa (quid?) caule teres ramoso diffuso fol. spatulatis oblongis obtusis repando crenatis, basi angustatis vel dilatatis, pedunc. axil. 2-5floris—sent under that name (not in my books) without locality, probably Antillian, leaves uncial. fl. very small. Is it of G. Ron- conia? see 33. ‘ 299, CAMPANULA divaricata Mx.—Wasioto or Cumberland Mts. of East Kentucky. 40 AUT. BOT. 300, Camp. erinoides Mg. flexuosa, spinu- losa, aparinoides of others——-Pennsylv. New Jersey. This Century includes 22 N. G. whereof 12 now first described and some restored, with over 40 N. Sp. . CENTURIA IY, 301, Borruavia atomaria Raf. erecta non- nulis non L. glabriusc. caule erecto basi tereto apice obt. 4gono, fol. opp. petiol. ovatis aeutis repandis erosis planis basi subtrunc. subtus pal- lidis atro glandulosis, panicula nuda 2-3chotoma, fl. subternis pedic.—Florida, pedal, leaves un- cial, flowers minute, fruit 5gone obverse pyra~ midal 5sulcate sub5dentate, mistaken for the Antillan B. erecta by vil the Northern Botan- ists, which differs by stem viscose pilose, leaves undulate rough on margin not glandulose. 302, Boerh. squamata Raf. diffusa Baldw, Mpt. non L. caulib. diffusis vel adscendens teres furfuraceis, fol, opp. ternisque ineq. petiol. ova- tis vel subrot, basis subcordatis, apice vix acu- tis, marg. subrepando scabris, subtus fulvescens squamatis glandulosis panic. paucifl.. dichot. bract. lanceol, fi. subternis sessilib. involucris subulatis—Florida, found by Baldwin, not in authors, smaller than last, semipedal perennial, leaves small semiuncial quite unequal, quite scaly beneath with black dots besides, fl. smal! few. The-B. diffusa of India differs by stem & leaves smooth, not cordate nor sealy.—The G. Boerhavia must form many subg. 1 Taludama stam. 1 or 2,such as this and Br. diffusa,repens, hirsuta, erecta, atomaria, &c—2 Saliunca R. stam. 3 or 4, such as B, scandens, excelsa, re- Se ee Oe ee a a ae CENT. IY. Ai panda, 4andra—3 Pleterina R. stam. sepe 10. B. arborescens. 303, Ruexia glabella Mx.—Florida. | 304, Rh. lutea Walt.—Car. Flor. _ 305, Rh. lanceolata Walt. angustif. E.—Car. Florida. 306, Rh. linearifolia Lam—Forida. + 307, Rh, ciliosa Mx.—Car. Alab. 308, Rh. serrulata Nut—Alab. Flor. 309, Parnassia palustris L—Canada. 310, Parn. palustris var. parvifolia R. diff. fol. parvis subtus punct. scapis angul. brevis ff. minor, cal. lanc—Mts. Allegh. + 311, Parn. nudata Raf. fol. cord. obt. subt. squamoso punct. scapis plurimis angul. nudis, vel bract. ellipt. obt. cal. ovat. obt. enervis, pe- talis ob]. spatul. nect. multisetis—Mts. Unaka of Carol. leaves semiuncial, frutescent, scapes 3 to 5 inches long. 312, Parn. rotundifolia Raf. amer. et carol. nonulis—Fo]. subrot. vel ovatis obt. integris. subtus punct. petiolis apice dilat. scapis teretis, folia parva sess. ovata, cal. ellipt. obt. enervis, petalis ovatis, nect. 5setis?—Mts. Saranac of New York, leaves uncial on long petiols, scape 4 to 6 inches, flower size of P. palustris, petals multinerve asinmost sp. This and the 3 fol- lowing sp. appear blended in P. Caroliniana of Bosc and Mx. or Americana of Muhl. un- meaning names. 313, Parn. g andiflora Raf. fol. longe petiol. grandis, orbiculato cordatis obtusis integris sub- tus glaucis glabris, scapis alatis teretis, fol am- plex. similis, cal. brevis ovatis obt. 5nervis. pe- talis yar obt. multinervis, nect. trisetis elon- nce we sp. of the Unaka or Cheroki Mts. 42 AUT. BOT. petiols 6 inches, leaves 2 iriches long and broad scape pedal, flowers double size of P. palustris. 314, Parn. glauca Raf. fol. longe pet. ovatis obt. undulatis subtus glaucis glabris; scapis teretis anceps, folia sess. similis, cal. ovat. obt. enervis, petalis obov. multinetvis, nect. sepe tri- setis—Lake Ontario, Genessee R. and New Jersey, leaves uncial almost white beneath, scape 6 to 10 inches, flowers larger than in P. palustris. 315, Parn. repanda Rat. fol. longe petiol. ovateblongis vel ellipt. obt. repandis, basi in pe- tiolo decurrens, vel interdum subcordatis, sub- tus glaucis glabris, scapis compr. folia obl. par- va, cal. ovat. obt. 3nervis, petalis obov. multin. nect. trisetis—Taconick Mts. of New England, large, leaves biuncial quite elongate, scape often pedal, flowers as in last. t 316, Gratiota pilosa Mx. Carol. Alab. 317, Grat. 4dentata Mx. E. non omnis Caule repens furfuraceo tereto bisulcato, fol. subulatis acutis 4dent. ad niervo carinatis, ped. fol. eq. cal. filif. caliculatus caps ovatis—Carol. Bald- win first noticed that 3 sp. were blended in Gr. 4dent. I therefore describe this in full to con- trast with the 2 next. Flowers. bicolor. says Elliot, yellow streaked of purple and border white, capsule short in this and akin. 318, Grat. ramosa Walt. caule 4gono gla- bro erecto ramoso flexuoso, fol. lin. subul. acutis integris vel bident. enervis subtus convexis, ped fol, eq. cal. lin. ineq. ebract. caps ovatis—Carol. Alab. semipedal, leaves semiuncial, flowers yel- low. : . 319, Grat. callosa Raf. caule teres furfura- ceo erecto ram. fol. obt. callosis 4-6dent. planis nervosis, inferis obl. vel lanc. subtrinervis, cete- CENT. VI, 43 ris linearib. ped. fol. eq. cal. lin. callosis ineq. bract. caps. globosis—Florida found by Bald- win, 4 to 6 inches high, leaves short, fl. yellow. This and last of Subg. Psidiola by calix ret caliculate. 320, Grat. odorata Raf. virginica L. O.— easily known by its fine smell lke Jessamine, all over N. Amer. 321, Grat; viscosa Schw. Eat. virginica, El, Carol. Louis. 322, Grat. carolinensis Pursh—Carol. to Louisiana, to this Leconte and Eaton refer G. spherocarpa Elliot, and many other synonyms, that evince the previous confusion of this G. 323, Grat. heterophyla Raf. glabra diffusa flaccida, caule teres ramosv, fol. ovatis et obov. vel obl. integris vel subdent. obtusis vel retusis, ped. fol. longior, cal. lin. ineq. calic. cor, tubo elongato, caps. ovatis cal. eq.—New Jersey to Florida, 3 to 4 inches high, leaves uncial thin, peduncles filiform very long, corolla white and yellow. 324, Grat. aurea Mg.—New Jersey to Lou- islaua. It varies with leaves linear and lan- ceol. stem yirgate erect or decumbent ramose. 325, Ampo.ia rigida Raf. fl. Tel. 966 Gr. anagallidea, Mx. Carol. to Kent. and ‘Texas, All the Gratiolas with 4 fertile stamens belong to this G, of Adanson, Subg. Aotalix calix not, caliculate, it varies with leaves cuneate, rhom- boidal, oblong or obovate, always drying black and stiff. 326, Var, obovata, fol. sepe obovatis crena- tis ped. longis arcuatis—Mts. Unaka. t 327, Var. microphyla, fol. obov. parvis cre- natis, ped. brevior rectis—Florida. t 44 AUT. BOT. 328, Var. cuneata fol. cuneat. vel obl. ped. longis rectis—Carol. Alab. 329, Var. angusif. fol. linear. oblong, ped. longis arcuatis—Florida. : 330, Ambulia micrantha Raf. Grat: do Baldw. glabra caule 4gono, fol. angustobl. basi cuneatis, apice serratis obt. pedunc. sepe gemi- natis fol. brevior. cal. brevis, ovatis obt. bract. capsulis subrot. semi4valvis—Florida, disc. by Baldwin, leaves nearly like the last, but neither black nor rigid,small, calix not lanceolate, caps. not obl. bivalve. Perhaps a subg. Impula Raf. by this and capsule unilocular, style filif. short, stig. obtuse. 331, Ambulia? psilosa Peaf. Grat. 4gona El. his own specimens yet not answering to his dis- cription—glabra caule pumilo 4gono, fol. tenuis obov. vel obl. integris yel subdent. obtuse tri- nervis, ped fol. brevior. cal. ebract. subul. caps. subeq. ovatis compr. acutis—style and stigma as in last, stem 3 to 4 inches, leaves thin semi- uncial, flowers small. 332, Macurtiamia rotundif. Raf. Monniera, and Herpestis do auct. glabra repens flexuosa, fol. petiol. ovatis vel subrot. pedic. fol. eq. caps. ovatis—Lllinois, small plant. ‘This G. was est- abl. by me in Neogen. 16, year 1825. 333, Macuill. obovata Raf. glabr, vel hirsu- ta prostrata non flex. fol. obov. vel. ellipt. sessi- lib. obt. ped. fol. brevior,caps. globosa—Virginia in the River Potomac. and in Louisiana, larger plant, leaves semiuncial. 3 334, Macuill. amplexicaulis Raf Mon. et Hesp. do auct—Carol. ad Florida. 335, Hapersuamia cuneifolia Raf. neog. 15. Mon. et Hesp. do auct.—Carol. Florida. 336, BAZINA Raf. (bot.) diff. Gratiola &c CENT. VI. 45 eal. Spart. lac. angustis, subeq. cor. tubulosa in- fund. limbo obliquato ineq. lobis 5 ineq. stam. 4 didyn. 2 sterilis furcatis uniloe, styl. filif. stig. «cut. caps. obl. semi 2loc. fol. subalt. fl. azil. alt.—G. medial between Ambulia and Ilysan- thes Bazina nudiflora Raf. Lindernia grandifi. Nut. glabra repens, fol. sess. imbricatis subrot. obov. vel dilat. enervis integris crassis undula- tis obt. pedunc. solit. elongatis nudis, cal. lin. acutis—F lorida, stem dwarf, 2 to 4 inches long, leaves small crowded, peduncles erect, flowers blue size of Ilysanthes, habit of Macuil. rotun- difolia. ’ 337, Inysanrues riparia Raf an. nat. 96. Lindernia attenuata Mg. this G. differs from Lindernia by stamens 2 fertile and simple, from Bazina by corolla bilabiate, stamens stigma capsule &c, established by myself 1820—seve- ral var. alba, cerulea, incarnata, repens, erecta, angustifolia &c, capsule obl. acute, leaves den- tate, lower obovate. 338, ILys. brevipes Raf. glabra, diffusa pros- trata, ramis anceps, fol. sess. obl. acutis integris conformis. pedic. brevis. fol. brevior, cal. subul. ad cor. subeq. capsulis ovatis obt. cal. eq—Al- legh. Mts, of New Jersey and Pennsyly. small plant, leaves semi uncial, fl. small white. 339, Ilys. geniculata Raf. glabra prostrata, ramis agonis genicul. fol. ovatis acutis integris undul. ped fol. eq. cal. filif. cor. subeq. capsul. obl. acutis cal. brevior—Long Island & South New Jersey, large trailing stems 6 to 10 inches long, leaves semiuncial, fiowers small incarnate. 340, Ilys. monticola R. (Mg.—Mts, Allegh. very rare, 3 46 AUT. BOT. 341, Ilys. refracta R. (El—Florida Carol. very rare. 3 342, Ilys. dilatata R. (Mg. Pens, Carol. 243, Ilys. anagallidea Raf. (Mx.—Alabama Kent. It differs from last by—fol. ovatis acu- tis serratis superis angustis, ped. fol. subeq..cal. subul. caps. obl. acntis ad cal. duplo longior. 344, Hemiantuus micranthus Nut—Philad. 845, Cuyprina minima Raf. (Crypta N.) Peplis americana Pursh—Banks of Hudson & Delaware Rivers. 346, Dicuonpra caroliniana Mx-—Florida and Louisiana. 347, Scuxunria abrotanoides Roth, Pectis pinnata Lam.—Mexico. 348, Ximenesia enceloides Cav. &c—Mex- ico. ¢. 349, Prquerra trinervia Cav. &c,—Cuba, Mexico. 350, Cosmea hipinnata Cay. &e—-Mexico. 351, Pstapia glutinosa Jaq. W. &c, Conyza do Lam.—Ins. Mauritius &c, 3 352,.Roruia integrifolia vel andryaloides W..&e-—Andryala rothia Pers.—Hisp. Sicilia. 353, Lepremon lineare Raf: (1809) Sylv. Tel. 372. Urotenopsis do Mx..Q---New Jersey to Florida. ; 354; Lept. ovalifolium Raf. Crotonopsis do Collins herb. caule 2-3chot. squamatum, tol, opp. ternisque petiol. ovatis acutis.subtus:argen- teis, fl. ad dichot, vel term, fem.:subsess.. mase. pedunc---Florida found by Baldwin; annual semipedal. leaves semiuncial thick. nervose; flowers very minute, I cannot verify if the cap- sule is monosperm as in the G the habit is. quite like the next. CENT. IV. 47 355, 6 eittpticum Raf. Croton do Nut. Crotonopsis do W. Heptanis do R. sy). tel. 362---Kentucky, Tennessee Missouri &c. I have verified that it is of this G. Nuttal:ascribes 2 seeds to it, I have only seen one, very large ovate obt. lucid, brown, in a ttivalve capsule, calix 5parted subulate sibunequal, annual pe- dal---caule squamat. 4-5fidum, ramis dichot. fol. opp: vel verticit. pet. ellipt. obt. vel acutis supra granulatis sabtus glaaco squam. fl. fem. axil. séss..sdlit. et glomeratis; masculis pedic. caps. glabris. | 356, Lept. verrucosum Raf. Crot, ellipt ? El. caule squamat. 2-3dichot. fol. opp..terhisque,pe- tiol. vet sessil. oblongis acutis, supra glducis, subtus argenteis, florib. glomeratis Jaxis, masc. pedanc. capsilis tomentosie vertucosis~:Caral. to Arkanzas; pedaf annual, near last, but cap- sulés quite pectliar with ‘white, warts, a single large seed oval biangular, calix 5parted equal, segmerits ovate obtuse much shorter. __ 357, Hevratuon graveolens Rat. neog. 3 aged -sylv. ‘tet, 360, Kentucky, very peculiar . by'large’foliaceous unequal 7part. fem. calix, disc. by myself 1818, blended with the above b others, but not a Leptemon, nor they of this rf as stated in Sylv. tel. but all the sp. blended in Croton capitatam appear to belong to it. The capsule is also sometimes monosperm by abor- tion as in Leptemon. 358, Hept. — Raf. caule simpl. squa- mat. seminudo, fol. term longe petiol. alt, elfipt. acutis tomentosis, basi rotundatis, fl. term. pau- cis lanatis, masc. spicatis—Florida, annual,stem 10 inches high almost naked, leaves as in last but not cordate. t 438 AU’. BOT. 359, Hept. lanceolatum Raf. caule trifido squamat. ramis toment, fol. petiol. alternis lan- ceol. acutis snbtus tomentosis, fl. term. paucis lanatis masc. subternis pedic.—Arkanzas annu- al, pedal, leaves uncial narrow. 360, Hept. fruticosum Raf. caule suffrutic. dichot. squamat. nudum, fol. oppos. petiol. oblongis undul. acutis subt. toment. flor. glome- ratis capit. ad dichot. vel apice, tomentosis, fl. masc. spicatis, bracteis linearib. ciliatis—Ar- kanzas. very distinct sp. all the others being an- nual, flowers realy capitate. yet itis not the real capitatum of Mx. which has obtuse leaves and is herbaceous. Calix very large, segments unequal thick obovate, seeds often solitary large fuscate round lenticular. 361, DreeapENIUM maritimum Raf. neog. 4 Sylv. T. 357. Croton do Walt. El. &c non W. P. disjunti. Mx. This shruby G. has calix 4-6fid. equal, Elliot says 6fid, his own specimens are 4-5fid. Cr. marit. of W. Pers. &c with el- liptic tomentose leaves and fl. spicate must be another sp. my specimens have mostly broad ovate leaves seldom subcordate, few term. fl. pedic..calix urceolate, segm. ovate obt. Carol. to Florida. 362, Drepad. argyranthes Raf. Croton do Mx. &c, non W. P.—Cuba, Florida. I refer this fine shrub to this G. some fl. being also 4fid. my specimen from Cuba of Jalambic and of Baldwin from Floride agree, but not at all with Wildenow—frutic, ramulis angulatis squamulo-— sis, fol. alt. petiol, ellipt. vel obl. acutis vel obt. infimis obov. supra granulatis, subtus argenteis, fl. term. racemosis glomeratis argenteis. 363, Decarinium glandulosum Kaf. neog. 5, CENT. IY. 49 Sylv. tel. 358. Croton do L. O.—Hirsutum caule 2-3chot. angul. fol. subsess. alt. et verticil, obf. acutis serratis basi 2gland. fl. axil. et term. glo- meratis paucis—F Jorida, Carol. bipedal, leaves uncial narrow. Several sp. blended in Cr. glandul. this is Elliot’s and Mx. contrast with next and 369. - 364, Decar. latifolium Raf. Crot. gland. Nut. Hirsut. caule vix ramoso teres, fol. longe petiol. vvatobl. obt. crenato serratis, infimis obovatis, fl. term. subsolit—Cuba (Jalambic) Arkanzas (Nuttal) semipedal, leaves broad not glandular. capsule obl. seeds 3 ovate compr. brown. 365, MERLETA Raf. (bot) diff. Decarini- um and Croton G. Monoica, fl. masc. 4fidis, apetalis, 4andris, fl. fem. cal. 4part persistens, ineq. stylo stig. 2, capsulis 4valvis 2loc, 2sp. Herba fol. alt. fl. axil—aAltho’ I had revised and divided the G. Croton in my Sylva Tellur. { can Hardly refer'to my numerous G. several akin plants, such as this dnd others following; it is better therefore to distinguish and insulate them, this is more akin to some ‘Tragias. Merveta microphyla af. caule ramoso filif. squamulos. fol. alt. petiol. obov. obt. vel re- tusis minimis integris, subtus squam. fl. axil. pedunc. sepe geminatis—Cuba, collected by Jalambic, deemed a Croton, small annual plant probably trailing, leaves and fi. minute. 366, VANDERA Raf. (bot) diff. Cascarilla (S. T. 339) fl. masc 5Sfidis Sandris? fl. fem.cal. Spart. ineq. patens persist, stylus 0, stig. 3lobo sess. caps. globosa 3coca 3sp. Frutic. fol. alt. fl, axil—The calix very unequal, stigma &c make this a very peculiar G, totally unlike Cro- ton or nets discolor. 50 AUT. BOT. Vannera discolor Raf. Croton do Jal. mpt. non alis. suffrutic. glabra ramosa, fol. brevi pe- tiol. ovatis ellipt. obt. integris, supra fuscatis, subtus glaucis, fl. axil. et subracem. pedunc. ax- ilis 1-3—Cuba, small undershrub semipedal, habit of Phylanthus,. leaves often uncial, fl. small, female on longer peduncles, ealix obo- vate obt.. 367, ALDINIA Raf. (bot) diff. Croton, fl. masc. minutissimis 5fidis, ff. fem, Ssquamosis, ovar. ovatum, stylis 6 filif. Herba repens, fol, alt. fi. spicatis densis, fem. glomeratis ad ba- sis—doubtful G. perhaps a Semilta, but habit quite unlike, almost like Glechoma. Avprinia glechomoides Raf. pubesc. cul. filif- flexuoso repens, fol. alt. petiol. subrotniudo cordatis profunde crenatis, spicis axil. pedune. —also from Cuba and deemed a Croton hy Ja- lambic, leaves size and shape of Glechoma, spikes with many minute flowers, fem. calix acute very short. 368, BANALIA Raf. (bot) diff. Croton, fl. masc. 4fidis ineq. stam. villosis, fl. fem. cal. 4part. ineq. lin. cuneatis persist. eaps, 3loc. 3sp. Herba fol. alt. fl. axilssolit—as near Tragia as Croton, Banatia muricata Raf, annua, ramosa, ra- mulis muricatis, fol. sessilib. subrot. vel obov. crenatis, fl. masc. sess. fem. pedic.—Florida, found by Baldwin, deemed a Croton, semipedal, leaves small, capsules oblong crustaceous ful- vous pilose. 369, PLEOPADIUM Raf. diff. Croton. fi. masc. prof, 5Sfidis, apetalis, stam. plurimis libe- ris, fil. filif. antheris obl. fl. fem. 5part. apetalis. Frutic. fol. alt. pilis ogre obsitis— Very near the G. Kurkas Ad. and probably CENT. VI. 51 including some of the sp. thereto referred. The name means many stipitate glands. Pixrorapium ciliatum Raf. Croton glandul. hortis! caule fruct.toment. fol. longe petiol. Ja- tovatis acum..integris. supra ‘pubens, subtus vil- losis canis ut petiolis, margine glandulis ciliatis, ad axilis pet, fascicul. spicis brevis term. fl. fer. 2-3 ad basis, cal. obl. obt. toment—South America, totally unlike our Crot. glandul. near- er toCr. hirtum, which is annual with serrate leaves; leaves uncial, flowers rather large 30 to 40 free stamens. 370, Crozopuora tinctoria Raf. 8. T. 369. Croton do L, O. the G. is of Necker—Sicilia Grecia-&c. 371, ahd plicata Raf. Crot. do Vahl. c—Eg sce = PLOSANDRA Raf. diff. Tragia, fi. masc.4 sepalis,. stain. 4-8, filam. brevis 2-4, utrinque 2antheriferis. fi, fem. 4-6part, reflexis deciduis,stylo trifido deciduo, capsula 2-3-4coca. loculis monosp. sem. globosis. Herbac. fol. alt. fl. axil. racem. bracteatis—all the N. Amer. sp. of Tragias appear to belong to this G. diffi- cult to fix by the anomalies, yet quite distinct from the triandrous Tragias, the name implies different stamens. Attosanpra verbenifolia Raf. Tragia urens var. Auct. erecta simplex pubesc. fol. sessil. obo- vatis vel. cuneatis inciso serratis, basi integris, racemis pedunc. bract. lin. fi. fem. subsess, nu- tans, cal. sepe Gpart. brevis, stig. 3 obtusis re- volutis—Florida, found by Baldwin and Ware, semipedal, leaves uncial, 3 sp. have been ming- led in our Tragia urens, thisthe next and lin- earis, none are urent. 373, Allos. lanceolata Raf. Trag. innocua §2 AUT. BOT. Walt, hirsuta suffrutic. simpl. fol. sessil. lanceol. acutis, basi cuneatis integris, apice serratis,sub+ tus glaucis, racemis term. bract. lane. -squamo- sis, cal. glabris, fl. fem. sepe 4part. stylis 2 4fidis stigm. obt—Alabama and Florida, pedal of less, base woody, leaves uncial, fl. minute few, capsules hirsute pendulous, often with 2 or 4 round lobes and seeds, or even only one by abortion. 374, Allos. macrocarpa Raf. Tragia do Mx. ©.—Tennessee and Kentucky, hardly different. from Tr. urtici;olia, except by stem ramose diffuse divaricate, leaves dentate ; habit very unlike the 2 last, by long petiolate eordate leaves, spikes filiform flexuuse, bracts oblong ; ; perhaps a subg. Eteradis Raf. by stignhas acute, cal. persistent 3part. subequal reflexed, the central trigone trifid placenta is also per- sistent after the seeds are fallen. 375, ParteTaria floridana Nut. &c. called P. australis by Baldwin—Florida. 376, Pariet..pensylvanica Mg &c—Pens. ad Missouri. 377, Pariet, heterophyla Raf. ramosa diffusa, fol. longe petiolatis obt. inferis ovatis vel ellipt. superis Janceol. involucris 3phylis obl. linearis fl. longior, petiolis brevior, 1-3ftoris—Kentucky and 'Tennéssee, decumbent, upper leaves un- cial, lower much smaller. Annual. 378, Pariet. suffruticosa Raf. suffrut. ies cumbens assurgeris ramosa, fol. brevi petiol. Janceol. obt. basi acutis, nonulis-inferis obovatis; fil. glomeratis, invol. linearib, fi. longior, ad pe- tiol. subeq.—Antilles and perhaps Florida,stem woody fuseate below, branches erect elongate, leaves uncial, lower smaller. 379, Parict. virgata Raf. annua, caule erec- CENT. LV: a to simplex virgato basi aphylio, vel fol. paucis linearib. fol. superis petiol. lineari-lanceo!. acu- tis; fl. glomeratis. invol. subul. fl. equante— singular sp. only found once in the Apalachian Mts. of Virginia, pedal, leaves uncial or longer, flowers very small. t . 380, Pariet. rotundifolia Raf. caule erecte simplex, fok longe petiol. ovatis subrot. acumi- natis; fl. glomer. invol. obl. ff. eq.—Fiorida, pedal, annual, pubescent as all are more or less, leaves uncial broad not obtuse. 381, Pariet. faleaia Raf. caule erecto elate simplex, fol. brevi petiol. ovatis falcato-acum. basi acutis; fl. glomeratis, invol. obl. fl. eq.— Sibiria and Origon, large plant, leaves biun- cial, &c. f 382, Pariet. ufficinalis .L. O.—Europa. I add this to contrast with all the above, leaves obl. or lanceol. acum. acute, fl. densely glome- rate, bracts obl. equal to fl. and petiols. 383. Pariet. judaica L. O.—Palestine. 384, Pariet. cretica L. O.—Creta. 385, Pariet. rufa Raf. rufo pilosa, fol. sessi- lib. linearib. obtusis, axillis foliosis ; ff. glomer. | lanatis, involucris fi. brevior, scariosis imbric. ovatis acutis stam. exertis—Upper Missouri dise. by Bradbury, stem simple flexuose, leaves uncial, flowers so involved in hairs as to be diffi- cult to analyze, and [ am not positive if of this G. habit rather unlike the others. + 386, TeavtverertA palmata F. M. Tor. Ac- tea et Cimicifuga do Auctoris—A palachian and Cumberland Mts. 387, Cimiciruca americana Mx. &c, podo- carpa El. Actea do Dec.—Apalachian and Unaka Mts. The real type of G. with petals and 2-6stipitate capsules. af AUS. BOT. 388, DIPLEINA Raf. diff. Actea Fe, cal. colorato 4sepalo, petalis 4 ineq. ungui¢,