}.$? 2 5 FOR THE PEOPLE FOR EDVCATION FOR SCIENCE LIBRARY OF THE AMERICAN MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY Bound V rHE AVICULTURAL MAGAZINE S . 8 'i \ < BEING THE JOURNAL OF THE AVICULTURAL SOCIETY FOR THE STUDY OF FOREIGN AND BRITISH BIRDS IN FREEDOM AND CAPTIVITY. EDITED BY GRAHAM RENSHAW, M.D., F.R.S.E. THIRD SERIES. VOL. X NOV. 1918 TO DEC. 1919. STEPHEN AUSTIN & SONS, Ltd., 5 Fore Street, Hertford. V K A }; u l y sin -?c> Ml'MUW llAtilUM/, VI, 01 1 1 if !A I, OVA I, , ■ *1- ^ CONTENTS Title-page . Contents . Alphabetical List of Contributors List of Plates .... List of Members, 1918 Rules of the Avicultural Society The Society’s Medal Index . PAGE i iii v x 3 15 19 257 V ({ A 5. L’ J J HUl U« ML' HUM VU'U u; j/.i.ui m; J ALPHABETICAL LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS The asterisk denotes in the Correspondence Column. “ Adlih.” Seagulls, 189 Astley, Hubert D., M.A., F.Z.S., M.B.O.U. The Wattle of Cabot’s Tragopan, 149 Bee-eaters and Monauls, 172 A Rare Woodpecker, 205 Hybrid Barraband x Queen Alexandra Parrakects, 212 Aubry, M. The Embryonic Life of the Ostrich, 21 Australian Bird-lover, An Old. Birds of Paradise, 88 Bird Life about Moree, N.S.W., 177 The Breeding of my Kagus, all but — , 239 The Colour Question, 245 Baily, Wm. Shore. Hybrid Wigeon, 15 The Black Cuban Seed-Finch, 57 The Himalayan Siskin, 92 The White-cheeked Finch-Lark, 111 The Indian Grey Tit, 147 Berridge, W. S. Bird Photography at the Zoo, 237 Butler, A. G., Ph.D., F.L.S., F.Z.S., F.E.S., M B.O.U. Beech-nuts as Bird Food, 19 Further Notes on the Growth of Markings and Colour, 43 A Moot Question, 63, 78 The History of Birds’ Nests, 119 *The State Protection of Birds, 169 *Magpie Moth Larvae as Bird Food, 203 Budgerigar Breeding, 242 Review: Life Histories of North American Diving Bird?, 253 Butter, J. K., M.D. The Common Rhea, 159 The Emeu, 161 VI Alphabetical List of Contributors Cash, James J. The Value of Bird-Life, 10 Review: An ABC of Common Birds, 254 Cecil, The Lady Wm. (Baroness Amherst of Hackney). North American Woodpeckers, 48 Collinge, W. E., D.Sc., F.L.S., M.B.O.U. The AVild Bird Investigation Society, 116, 165 The Necessity for State Action for the Protection of Wild Birds, 123 *The State Protection of Birds, 170 Cook, Alice M. *Bird Drawings, 167 Correspondent, A Member’s. East African Birds, 41 Dawson, W. Leon. *The Museum of Comparative Oology and the AvicuV.ural Magazine, 2 Decoux, M. A. The Breeding of Crimson-earecl Waxbill x Cordon Bleu Hybrids, 102 The Breeding of Melba Finch x Crimson-eared Waxbill Hybrids, 1 10 Parrakeets, Lorikeets, and Love-birds, 173 Delacour, Lieut. J. The Cologne Zoological Gardens after the Armistice, 86 *M. Delacour ’s new Estate, 256 Finn, F., B.A., F.Z.S. Curious Attitudes of Egrets, 46 Herons, 85 GlBBARD, R. N. Foreign Finches and Waxbills, 96 Gibbins, W. B. Beech-nuts as Bird Food, 19 Gosse, Philip. The Birds of Richmond Park, 183 Notes on the Birds of the Balearic Islands, 243 Gurney, J. H., F.Z.S. More about Bitterns and Spoonbills, 5 The Food of the Cuckoo, 14 Harris, Sir W. Cornwallis. Field Notes on Ostriches, 112 Alphabetical List of Contributors Hebb, T. Australasian Lories and Parrakcets, 74 Heumann, G. A. *Rare Australasian Birds, 107 Finch-Larks, 249 The Fat of the Emu, 249 Hopkinson, E., M.A., M.B., D.S.O. The Pigeons of the Gambia, 24, 103 Hussey Freke, Miss D. My Bullfinch, 8 Jennison, George, M.A. Colour Development in the Indian Wood-Stork, 140 Jones, Ethel M. Eastern Ravens, 141 Jones, Surgeon-Commander K. H., M.R., R.N, The Fulmar Petrel, 2 Le Souef, A. S. Garden Birds in Sydney, 13 4 Lorimer, Norma. Bird Life at Ripon Falls, 39 Lovell-Keays, L. ’■‘Practical Aviculture, 203 Low, G. E. Curious Deaths of Shamahs, 140 A New Door-lateh, 215 Meade-AValdo, E. G. R. A Curious Habit of the Moorhen, 131 Millet-Horsin, Dr. The Black-billed Hornbill, 107 Obituary. Sir Richard Sutton, 00 Rercival, Blayney. Vultures, 101 Renshaw, Chas. J., M.D. Bird and Nature Notes in Russia. Alphabetical List of Contributors Renshaw, Graham, M.D., F.R.S.E. (Editor). A Good Start, 1 The Society’s Prize in Literature, IS Review : The Pigeons of Paris, 19 Let us Remember, 20 Review : Lodges in the Wilderness, 3S Review : Jungle Peace, 65 The Passing of the Spotted Emu, 67 Review : Birds Protected in Egypt, 82 As it was in the Beginning, S3 Aviculture at the Manchester Zoological Gardens, 93 Review : After Big Game, 114 Our Increasing Purpose, 117 Aviculture in France, 137 Amalgamation, 139 The Wild Bird Investigation Society, 151 A New Departure in Natural History, 151 Review : A Lawyer’s Garden, 153 Review : A Handbook of British Birds, 153 Change of Publishers, 155 Our Honorary Treasurer, 155 Semi- Jubilee, 157 Semi -Jubilee Garden Party at the Zoo, 158 Unjiaid Subscriptions, 164 Recent Work on the Hoatzin, 182 Reviews : A Practical Handbook of British Birds, 185 The Oologist’s Exchange and Mart, 186 Dr. Lovell-Keays, 199 Eggs and Nestlings, 213 The Society’s Prize, 217 Review : The Museum of Comparative Oology, 218 Review : New List of Natural History Photographs, 254 Rogers, H. E. The Future, 159 *The Revival of Aviculture, 168, 248 St. Quintin, W. H. The Breeding of the Lesser White-fronted Goose, 129 Egg-laying of Hooded Crane, 250 Scott, Capt. B. Hamilton. Further Notes on Birds in the War Area and beyond, 19 *The Revival of Aviculture, 200 Sell, R. A. Effects upon Bird Life of the Corpus Christi Storm of August 18, 1916, 58 Seppings, Major F. W. H. Bird Life in South Africa, 174 Sherman, Althea R. Indian Birds, 143 More Indian Birds, 210 Alphabetical List of Contributors IX Siiufeldt, R. W., M.D., C.M.Z.S. *Dr. Shufcldt, 171 ♦Extinct Birds, 187 *The Washington Zoological Park, 270 ♦Photography at the Washington Zoological Park, 2o.7 Sicn, H. L. Mortality amongst Goldfinches, 131 Silver, Allen. Summer Birds at Roehampton, 4 Two Interesting Hybrids, 12 Hand-reared v. Wild-caught Birds, 15 Colour-fed Blackbirds, l(i Finch Hybrids, 98 A Rare Amazon, 133 / The Proposed Amalgamation of Bird Notes with the Avirultural Magazine, 165 Bodin' s Amazon, 181 Bird-Life in 1918, 196, 206 The Season of 1918, 201 Two Rare Birds, 249 Skinner, K. L. The New Oologists’ Journal, 171 Smith, C. Barnby. ♦The Water Rail, 188 Sorensen, E. S. The Twelve Swiftest Birds of Australia, 73, 99 Pugnacious Australian Birds, 7,7 Tavistock, The Marquess of. Notes on Barraband’s Parrakeets, 69 Van Someren, Dr. V. G. L. Melanism in Whydahs, 40 Colour Change in the Plumage of Birds, 61 Webb, Wilfred Mark. The Brent Valley Sanctuary, 204 Weir, J. Hampshire Birds, 8 The Food of the Cuckoo, 14 Wooldridge, Professor G. H., F.R.C.V.S. Avian Inquests, 17 Workman, W. H. The Proposed Amalgamation of Bird Notes with the Avicullural Magazine, 155 LIST OF PLATES Puffin at Burrow ..... TO FACE PAGE 1 Hybrid Wigeon ...... 15 “ Circles and sails aloft on pinions majestic the Vulture ” 21 The Ostrich at Home ..... 3S Spotted Eagle-Owls ..... 43 Black Cuban Seed-Finches .... 57 The Life-history of the Black-necked Swan 02 The Spotted Emu ..... 67 The Great Australian Collection 78 The White-faced Heron .... . 85 The Camp-follower ..... 101 White-cheeked Finch-Larks .... 112 White-browed Wood-Swallow at Nest . 119 Mr. Jainrach’s Shell Ibises 139 The Indian Grey Tit ..... 147 Rhea Feeding ...... 157 Dr. Butter’s Pair of Emus 162 I'vsean Parra keet ..... 173 Herring-Gulls over Breeding Grounds 189 Goldfinch on Nest ..... 198 The Diamond Bird ..... 205 A New Door- latch .... . 215 Bird Camouflage : Snipe on Nest . . 221 Greater Bird of Paradise Displaying . 237 What the Country looks like 243, 244 TEXT-FIGURE p. 23 The Embryonic Life of the Ostrich THE 3VIC ULTUR3L : SOCIETY : FdR THE STUDY OF FOREIGN & BRITISH BIRDS IN FREEDOM & CAPTIVITY. OFFICERS FOR THE YEAR 1918-1919: President : The Rev. Canon the Hon. F. G. Dutton. Vice-President : Her Grace the Duchess ok Bedford. Council : M. Amslek, Esq., M.B. H. D. Astley, Esq., M.A. W. Shore-Baily, Esq. The Hon. Mrs. Algernon 1’ourke. Miss Chawner. Lieut. G. H. Gurney. E. G. B. Meade-Waldo, Esq. R. I. Pocock, Esq., F.R.S. D. Skth-Smith, Esq. The Marquis of Tavistock. B. C. Tiiomassk i , Esq. A. Thevor-Battye, Esq., M.A. II. Willford, Esq. Executive Committee : E. G. B. Meade-Waldo, Esq. W. R. Ogilvie-Grant, Esq. D. Seth-Smith, Esq The Hon. Secretaries and the Editor. Hon. Business Secretary : Miss R. Alderson, Park House, Worksop. Hon. Correspondence Secretary : A. G. Butler, Esq. Ph.D., 124, Beckenham Road, Beckenham, Kent. Hon. Treasurer: A. Ezra, Esq. Hon. Editor : Graham Renshaw, M.D., F.R.S. E.. Sale Bridge House, Sale, Manchester. Pathologist : Professor G. H. Wooldridge, F.R.C.V.S. Auditor : Henry Munt, Esq. Scrutineer : W. R. Ogilvie Grant, Esq. PRINTED BY ADLARD AND SON AND WEST NEWMAN, LTD., LONDON AND DORKING. 3 List of Members. NOTICE. — Members are particularly requested to inform the Hon. Secretary of any error in the spelling of their names, addresses or descriptions, so that it may be corrected. The date following the Member's name is the date of his election. “ Orig. Mem.” signifies that the Member joined the Society on its formation in Oct., 1894. The asterisk denotes that the Member pays the subscription through a bank. Members are requested to adopt this method of payment if convenient. Abraham, Miss Beatrice ; Grove Lodge, Muswell Hill, N. (Feb., 1911) Ainlky, John William; 1G, Dalton Green, Dalton, Huddersfield. (June 1895) . Alderson, Miss R. ; Park House, Worksop, Notts (Hon. Secretary). (April, 1896) Alston, Gavin; Yondercroft, Darvel, Ayrshire. (June, 1900) Ames, Mrs. Hobart; North Easton. Mass., U.S.A. (1913) Amsler, Maurice, M.B., F.Z.S.; Eton Court House, Eton, Windsor. (Dec , 1908) Anninoson, Mrs. ; 4, The Crescent, The Park, Plymouth. (May, 1899) Arthur, Charles P. ; Hillcrest, Forest Road, Melksham, Wilts. (Jan., 1895) *Astley, Hubert Delaval, M.A., F.Z.S., M.B.O.U.; Brinsop Court, Hereford. (June, 1895) 10 ‘Astlev, Reginald B. ; Compton Beauchamp, Shrivenham, Berks. (July, 1902) *Astley, Mrs. Reginaid; Compton Beauchamp, Shrivenham, Berks. (Oct. 1905) Atheri.ey, Mrs.; Croft Castle, Ivingsland, R.S.O., Herefordshire. (April, 1903) Atteweli., Harold E. ; “ Cassia Grove,” Kingston, Jamaica. (July, 1903) B§ 4 List of Members. Bainbridge, W. A. ; Hazelwood, Thorpe, Surrey. (1913) *Bahr, Dr. Philip H., B.A., M.B.O.U. ; 12, Vicarage Gardens, West Kensington, W. 8. (Nov., 1907) Baii.y, W. Shore ; Boyers House, Westbury, Wilts. (Feb., 1910) Baird, Sir Alexander, Bart. ; Urie, Stonehaven, Kincardine, N.B. (Oct., 1904'. *Baker, E. C. Stuart, F.Z.S., M.B.O.U.; 6, Harold Road, Upper Norwood, S.E. 19. (Feb., 1904) Baker, Dr. F. D. ; Superintendent, Nat. Zoological Park, Washington, D.C., U.S.A. 20 *Bakf.r, John C., M.B., B.A., M.B.O.U.; Ceely House, Aylesbury. (June, 1903) *Baldelli, La Contessa Giulia Tommasi ; 4, Via Silvio Pellico, Florence, Italy. (April, 1902) Bamford, William; The Coppice, Windsor Road, Oldham. (March, 1904) Bampfylde, The Hon. Mrs. ; Court Hall, North Molton, N. Devon. (Oct., 1910) Barclay-Watson, Miss F. ; The Court House, Goring, Sussex. (July, 1902) Barlow, Alfred ; Superintendent, Alexandra Park, Oldham. (April, 1908) Barlow-Massicks, Miss F. M. ; Scofton House, Worksop, Notts. (1913) Beck, E.; Greyfriars, Park Lane, Hale, Cheshire. (Oct., 1918) Bedford, Her Grace the Duchess of, F.Z.S. ; Woburn Abbey, Woburn, Beds ; and 15, Belgrave Square, S.W. 1. (Feb., 1903) Beebe, Cant. C. William ; Curator of Ornithology, New York Zoological Park, New York City, U.S.A. (July, 1903) 30 Bentall, George A.; Woodlawn, Kingston Vale, Putney, S.W. 15. (Mar., 1918) Bentley, David ; 80, St. Hubert’s Street, Great Harwood, Blackburn. (July, 1895) Beresford-Webb, G. M. ; Norbryght, South Godstone, Surrey. (May, 1906) Bhuri Singh, His Highness Rajah Sir, Chamba, Punjab, India. (Jan., 1908) Blackburn, H. R. ; Woodlands, Surrenden Road, Preston, Brighton. (1913) Blaauw, F. E., C.M.Z.S., M.B.O.U. ; Gooilust, ’s Graveland, Hilversum, Holland. (Nov., 1901) Blagg, E. W. H. ; Greenhill, Cheadle, Staffs. (Sept., 1911) *Blaine, G. ; Whitedale, Hambledon, Hants. Blathwayt, A. P. ; The Grange, Northwood, Middlesex. (Jan., 1895) Bonhote, John Lewis, M.A., F.L.S., F.Z.S. , M.B.O.U.; Zoological Gardens, Gliizeh, Egypt. (Dec., 1894) 40 Bof.thwick, Alex. ; Vereena, Canonbury Grove, Dulwich Hill, Sydney, N. S.W. (Feb., 1909) Boscawen, Townshend E. ; 1, Old Burlington Street, London, W. 1. (1913) Boughton-Leigh, Henry ; Brownsover Hall, Rugby. (May, 1900) Bourke, Hon. Mrs. Algernon ; 75, Gloucester Place, Portman Square, W. 1. (Feb., 1911) Bousfield, Miss M. ; 58, Southbourne Road, Bournemouth. (June, 1914) Bower, Miss S. ; 77, Park Mansions, Knightsbridge, S.W. 1. (Sept., 1918) Boyd, Harold; Box 374, Kelowna, British Columbia. (March, 1902) Boyes, Frederick ; Norwood, Beverley, Yorkshire. (Sept., 1907) Brasil, Prof. ; Universite de Caen, France. (April, 1913) List of Members. 5 Briggs, T. H. ; Rock House, Lynmouth, North Devon. (June, 1918) 50 Bright, Herbert; “ Lynton,” Eaton Road, Cressington Park, nr. Liverpool. (June, 1914) ‘Brook, E. J. ; Hoddam Castle, Ecclefechan. N.B. (August, 1915) Browning, William H. ; 16, Cooper Square, New York City, U.S.A. (March, 1906) Bufton, Lieut. R. P., R.F.C. ; “ Caerlyn,” Llandrindod Wells. (Feb., 1914) Burdon, Mrs. W. ; Hartford House, Bedlington, Northumberland. (1913) Burgess, Mrs. J. H. ; Kingsweir, 52, Clarendon Road, Redland, Bristol. (June, 1917) Burgoyne, F , F.Z.S. ; 116. Harley Street, W. 1. (1912) Burton, Walter ; Mooresfoot, East Sheen, S.W. (Dec., 1901) Busby, Miss, c/o Mr. Weeks, Mount Penang, Gosford, New South Wales. Butler, Arthur G., Ph.D., F.L.S., F.Z.S , M.B.O.U. (Hon. Correspondence Secretary ) ; 124, Beckenham Road, Beckenham, Kent. (Orig. Mem.) 60 Butler, A. L., F.Z.S., M.B.O.U., St. Leonard’s Park, Horsham. (Aug., 1906) Butler, Arthur Larchin, M.Aust.O.U. ; Waimarie, Lower Sandy Bay, Hobart, Tasmania. (July, 1905) Butter, J. K., M.D. ; Higlifield House, Cannock, Staffs. (April, 1918) Buttikoffer, Dr. J., C M.Z.S., M B.O.U., Director of the Zoological Gardens, Rotterdam, Holland. (Oct., 1907.) (Hon. Member) 'Carpenter, The Hon. Mrs. ; 22, Grosvenor Road, S.W. 1. (Feb., 1908) Carrick, George ; 13, King’s Terrace, Maryhill, Glasgow. (March, 1898) Carr-Walker, Herbert; Tyrie, West Park, Leeds. (June, 1917) Case, Mrs. Alice M. ; Holmbury, Silverdale Road. Eastbourne. (May, 1918) Cash, J. J. ; Foxley Mount, Lymm, near Warrington. (Aug., 1918) •Castellan, Victor E.; Hare Hall, Romford, Essex. (Orig. Mem.) 70 Cattle, C. F. ; Thurston, Bury St. Edmunds. (Jan., 1905) •Cecil, The Lady William, Baroness Amherst of Hackney ; Didlington Hall, Stoke Ferry, Norfolk, and 23, Queen's Gate Gardens, S.W. Chamberlain, Walter ; Pendock Grove, Cobham, Surrey. (1912) Chawner, Miss; Forest Bank, Lyndhurst, Hants. (July, 1899) Christie, Mrs. ; Newton House, by Elgin, Scotland. (Sept., 1904) Clitherow, Mrs. Claud Stracey; 20, Park Square, Regent’s Park, N.W. 1. (June, 1903) Colton, R. ; 9, Birkendale Road, Sheffield. (Feb., 1917) Connell, Mrs. Knatchbull; The Orchard, Brockenhurst, Hants. (Nov., 1897) Cook, Mrs. Alice M., F.Z.S. ; 5, Lancaster Road, Hampstead, N.W. 3. (Sept. 1917) Cooper, Sir Edward E. , Berrydown Court, Overton, Hants. (1912) 80 Cooper, James ; Killerby Hall, Scarborough. (Orig. Mem.) •Cooper, William ; Aislaby Hall, Pickering, Yorks. (March, 1907) Cory, Reginald R. ; Duffryn, near Cardiff. (August, 1905) Craig, Prof. Wallace ; Orono, Maine, U.S.A. (1912) Cronkshaw, J. ; 4, Harcourt Road, Accrington. (Dec., 1894) Cross, W. Simpson, F.Z.S.; Otterspool House, Aigburth, Liverpool. (Jan., 1898) 6 List of Members. Cuningham, Martin ; Goff's Oak House, Cheshunt, Herts. (Oct., 1908) Currey, Mrs. ; The Pit House, Ewell, Surrey. (Feb., 1906) ’Cushny, Charles ; (No permanent address). (June, 1906) Davies, Lieut. Claude G., M.B.O.U., 1st S.A.M. Riflemen, Enindbuk, S.W African Protectorate. (July, 1909) 90 Davies, G. ; 96, Greenfield Terrace, New Tredegar. (July, 1914) Decoux, A. ; G6ry-pres Aixe, Hte. Vienne, France. (April, 1917) Delacour, Lieut. Jean; 28, Rue de Madrid, Paris. (April, 1916) Dell, Charles ; 12, High Street, Harlesden, N.W. 10. (July, 1900) Dennis, Mrs. H. E. ; c/o Mrs. Mortimer, Wigmore, Holmwood, Surrey. (March, 1903) De Pass, Miss O. ; 6, The Orchard, Bedford Park, W. (March, 1914) *De Taintegnies, La Baronne Le Clbment ; Cleveland, Minehead, Somerset. (Feb., 1902) Dewar, D., I.C.S. ; 33, Sheepcote Road, Harrow, Middlesex. (Sept., 1905) #de Winton, William Edward, F.Z.S., M.B.O.U.; Southover, Burwash, Sussex. (Aug., 1903) Dilkusha,The Superintendent of ; Burdwan Raj, Burdwan, India. (Nov., 1915) 100 Director, The ; Zoological Museum, Tring, Herts. (1912) Donald, C. H. ; c/o The Alliance Bank of Simla, Ltd., Simla, India. (March, 1906) Dora, Countess of Glasgow ; The Craig, Fairlie, Ayrshire. (Oct., 1918) Douglas, Miss ; Rose Mount, Pitlochry, N.B. (June, 1905) ’Douglas, William C., F.Z.S. ; 26, The Boltons, S.W. 10. (Nov., 1910) Dowson.E. M. ; United Universities Club, Suffolk Street, S.W. 1. (June, 1915) Drake, G. Tyrwhitt ; Cobtree Manor, Maidstone. (June, 1918) Drelincourt-Campbell, A. C. ; 48, Rockcliffe Road, Bathwick, Bath. Drewitt, Frederick Dawtrey, M.A., M.D.. F.B.C.P., F.Z.S., M.B.O.U. ; 14, l’alace Gardens Terrace, Kensington, W. 8. (May, 1903) Dcnleath, The Lady ; Ballywalter Park, Ballywalter, co. Down, Ireland. (Aug., 18'.»7) 110 ’Dutton, The Hon. and Rev. Canon ; Mosborough, Grafton Road, Cheltenham. (Orig. Mem.) Eckstein, F. ; Ottershaw Park, Ottershaw, Surrey. (1912) ’Ezra, Alfred ; 110, Mount Street, London, W. 1. (Hon. Treasurer.) (1912) ’Ezra, David ; 3, Kyd Street, Calcutta. (June, 1912) Falkner, Guv; Westbourne House, Belton, Uppingham. (Oct., 1915) Fasey, William R. ; The Oaks, Holly Bush Hill, Snaresbrook, E. 11. (May,. 1902) Field, George; Sorrento, Staplehurst, Kent. (March, 1900) Field, Miss Hilda; Ashurst Park, Tunbridge Wells. (1912) Finn, Frank, B.A.; 23, Chalcot Crescent, Primrose Hill, N.W. 1. (Hon. Member), Firebrace, Mrs. ; 18, Buckingham Palace Gardens, S.W. 1. (Feb., 1911) List of Members. 7 120 Flower, Major Stanley Smyth, F.L.S., F.Z.S., M.B.O.U. ; Director Egyptian Government Zoological Gardens, Ghizeh, Cairo, Egypt. (Jan., 1913) •Fortescue, Col. H. ; Falmouth House, Newmarket. (Oct., 1908) Foster, E. Hubert; Lower Bowden, Pangbourne, Beiks. (1912) Frost, Wilfred; 13, Fairlawn Avenue, Chiswick Park, W. 4. (July, 1908) Ghigi, il Prof. Allessandro ; Via d'Azeglio, Bologna, Italy. (March, 1911) Gibbard, B. N. ; Mearbeck, Westbury Road, New Malden. (Oct., 1918) Gibbins, William B. ; Ettington, near Stratford-on-Avon. (June, 1895) Giles, Henry M., M.Aust.O.U. (Orig. Mem.); Zoological Gar lens, Perth, Western Australia. (June, 1903) Goddard, H. E. ; Rothesay, Thicket Road, Sutton, Surrey. (Feb , 1899) Goddard, Mrs. ; The Lawn, Swindon. (Jan., 1918) 130 Godman, F. DuCane, D.C.L.. F.R.S., F.Z S., President of the British Ornithologists’ Union ; 45, Pont Street, S.W. (Oct., 1904). (Honorary Member) Goodall, A. A. ; 64, Park I!oad, West Dulwich, S.E. 21. (Nov. 1909) Goodall, Alexander; 5, Maria Street, Kirkcaldy. (March, 1916) Goodall, 2nd Lieut. A. G., R.F.A. ; 64, Park Road, West Dulwich, S.E. 21. (April, 1918) Goodciiild, Herbert, M.B.O.U.; 59, Leslie Road, N. 2. (Oct., 1912) Goodliffe, Capt. M. S. 11., 17th Lancers; Cavalry Club. Piccadilly, S.W. 1. (Sept., 1918) Gosse, Philip, M.R.C.S., L.R.C.P. ; Curtlemead, Beaulieu, Hants. (April, 1911) Grabiiam, Dr. Oxiey, M.A. ; The Museum, York. (June, 1914) •Gray, Henry, M.R.C.V.S.; 23, Upper Phillimore Place, W. 8. (June, 1906) Greening, Linnjeus; Fairlight, Grappenhall, near Warrington. (Jan. 1911) 140 Gregory, Mrs. ; Melville. Parkstone, Dorset. (Dec., 1901) Grey. Lord, of Falloden, K.G. ; Falioden, Nesbury, Northumberland. (1913) Griffiths, M. E. ; Caizley House, Temple Road, Stowmarket. (May, 1902) Grossmith, J. L. ; The Grange, Bickley, Kent. (Nov., 1912) Guilford, Miss H. ; 23, Lenton Avenue, The Park, Nottingham. (March, 1903) Gulbenkian, C. S. ; 27, Qua! D’Orsay, Paris. (Dec., 1908) Gurney, Lieut. G. H. ; 11, King Street, St. James’s, S.W. 1. (Sept., 1918.) Haagner, A. Iv., F.Z.S., M.B.O.U., Director, National Zoological Gardens; Box 754, Pretoria, South Africa. (Nov., 1905) 'Hamilton, Miss. (No Address) Harcourt, Rt. Hon. Lewis, P.C. ; 14, Berkeley Square, W. 1. (1913) 150 Harding, W. A., M.A., F.Z.S. ; Histon Manor, Cambridge. (Dec., 1903) Harley, Mrs. F. ; Brampton Bryan, Herefordshire. (1908) Harper, Edward William, F.Z.S., M.B.O.U. ; Post Box 86, Calcutta, India. (Feb., 1901) List of Members. Hartley, Mrs.; “ Lynchfield,” Bishops Lydeard, Somerset. (April, 1897) * Harvey, The Hon. Lady; Langley Park, Slough. (Oct., 1906) Hawkins, L. W. ; 206, Clive Road, West Dulwich, S.E. 21. (Jan., 1899) Hayes, Miss Phyllis ; Harcourt, Wem, Salop. (1915) Heathcote-Amory ; Knighthayes Court, Tiverton. Hebb, Thomas ; “ Brooklea,” The Downs, Luton, Beds. (April, 1914) Hemsworth, The Rev. B., M.A., J.P. ; Monk Fryston Hall, South Milford, Yorks. (June, 1901) 160 Herbert, 2nd Lieut. Edward G., R.A.F. ; c/o Cox & Co. (R.A.F. Branch), 111, St. Martin’s Lane, W.C. 2. Heumann, G. A.; “Ramona,” Beecroft, Sydney, New South Wales. (Sept., 1913) Hewitt, Harai.d, F.Z.S., East Sooke, Vancouver Island, B.C. (Jan., 1905) Heywood, Richard; Narborough, Norfolk. (Oct., 1911) Hill, Arthur W. ; Assist. Director, Royal Gardens, Kew, Surrey. (Oct, 1915) ’♦'Hill, Mrs. E. Staveley ; Oxley Manor, Wolverhampton. (Oct., 1905) Hindle, R. Franklin ; 34, Brunswick Road, Liverpool. (Sept., 1898) ’Hodgson, The Hon. Mrs. ; Clopton, Stratford-on-Avon. (March, 1903) Holden, Ralph A., F.Z.S. ; 5, John Street, Bedford Row, London, W.C. 1. (May, 1906) ’Hopkinson, Emilies, M.A.. M.B.Oxon., D.S.O. ; Gambia, West Africa ; 45, Sussex Square, Brighton. (Oct., 1906) 170 Hopson, Fred C. ; Northbrook Street, Newbury. (March, 1897) Horne, Arthur ; Bonne-na-Coile, Murtle, Aberdeenshire. (Dec., 1917) Horsbrugh, Mrs. Boyd R. ; c/o London & Joint Stock Bank, 69, Pall Mall, S.W. 1. Housden, James B. ; Brooklyn, Cator Road, Sydenham, S.E. 26. (Orig. Mem.) Howard, Robert James, M.B.O.U. ; Shear Bank, Blackburn. (April, 1903) *Howard-Vyse, H. ; Stoke Place, Slough. (Nov., 1906) Howman, Miss; 6, Essex Grove, Upper Norwood, S.E. 19. (Mar., 1897) Hunter, W. G., West Street, Sydney, N., N.S.W. (Nov., 1917) ’Hutchinson, Miss Alice; Alderton, Chippenham, Wilts. (August, 1907) Ick-Hewins, T. J., M.D. ; P.O. Box 65, Marton, New Zealand. (June, 1918) 180 ’Inchiquin, The Lady ; Dromoland Castle, Newmarket-on-Fergus, County Clare, Ireland. (Nov., 1897) ’Ingram, Capt. Collingwood ; The Bungalow, Westgate-on-Sea. (Oct., 1905) ’Ingram, Sir William, Bart. ; The Bungalow, Westgate-on-Sea. (Sept., 1904) Isaac, Charles; Somerton, Bath Road, Slough. (March, 1906) Jeakins, A. E , The Studio, Simla, India. (March, 1915) Jennison, George, M.A. ; Zoological Gardens, Belle Vue, Manchester. (April, 1918) Johnson, Mrs.; Phoenix Lodge, Lingfield, Surrey. (Jan . 1917) ’Johnstone, Mrs. E. J. ; Burrswood, Groomsbridge, Sussex. (May, 1908) List of Members. 9 •Kewley, Mrs. Henry; Hartwell House, Aylesbury. (July. 1906) Knobel, Miss E. Maud ; 32, Tavistock Square, W.C. 1. (Aug.. 1916) 190 Kuser, J. Dryden ; Faircourt, Bernardsville, New Jersey, L.S.A. (1912) Latham, Miss Grace : 3, Trevanion Road, West Kensington, W. 14. (April, 1915) Lawrence, Mr. S. A. ; Miya, Alma Road. E. St. Kilda, Viet. (Sept., 1916) Leach, C. F. ; Vale Lodge. Leatherhead, Surrey. (June, 1914) Lecallier, Madame ; 109 Rue de la Republique, Caudebec-les-Elbeuf. (April, 1918) ‘Leigh, Cecil; Lyburn Park, near Lyndhurst, Hants. (Nov., 1906) Le Souef, A. Sherbocrne ; Zoological Gardens, Sydney, New South Wales. (Aug., 1913) Le Socef, Dudley ; Zoological Gardens, R yal Park, Parkville. Melbourne, Australia. (1912) Lewis, D. Thomas ; Oaklamls. Aberkinfig, Glam. (1917) Liknao, C. H. A.; “Newbury,” 23, Victoria Avenue, Cnley Park, South Australia. (Oct., 1917) 200 ’Lilford, The Lady ; Lilford Hall, Oundle, Northamptonshire. (Jan., 1898 Lloyd, Lieut. -Col. A. ; Brent House. Meole Brace, Shrewsbury. (May, 1918) •Lockyer, Alfred ; St. Monica's Lodge, Elm Park Road, Winchmore Hill, N. 21. (Dec., 1905) •Lovelace, The Countess of ; Wentworth House, Chelsea Embankment, London, S.W. 3. (May, 1906) Lovell-Keays, L., M.R.C.S., L.R.C.P. ; Park Lodge, East Hoathlev, Sussex. (Aug., 1913) Lovell-Keays, Mrs.; Park Lodge, East Hoathlev, Sussex. (July, 1916) Lovett, C. ; 48, Thorncliffe Road, Summertown, Oxford. (Dec , 1912) Low, George E. ; 14. Royal Terrace East, Kingstown. Ireland. (Mar., 1913) Lucas, Dr. N. S. ; University College Hospital, Gower Street. W.C. 1. (Jan., 1913) Manchester Public Libraries ; Reference Library, Piccadilly, Manchester. (July, 1913) 210 *McGe\gh, R. T., M.D. ; Mona Lodge, Lezayre, nr. Ramsey, Isle of Man. (Aug., 1908) McGee, The Rev. Father ; St. Laurences, Forbes, N.S.W. (July. 1908) Malone, Mrs. M. L’Estrange ; West Lodge, Mahon, Yorks. (Jan . 1902) •Manners-Smith. Lieut. -Col. ; The Residency, Nepal, India. (1911) Marlow, R. ; 115, Manchester Road. Denton. Lancs. (Jan., 1915) Marsden, John W. ; c/o Messrs. Heaps, Arnold & Heaps. Lead Works, Leeds. (Dec., 1916) •Marshall, Archibald McLean ; Chitcombe, Brede, Sussex. (Jan.. 1906) Marshall, F. ; 16, Vale Avenue, Chelsea, S.W. (1916) Martin. H. C. ; 147, Victoria Road. Old Charlton, Kent ; aud Saladero. Liebig, Fray Bentos, Uruguay. (Jan., 1897) Martorelli, Professore Giancinto, M.B.O.U., etc.; Collezione Turati, Museo Civico di Storia Naturale, Milan, Italy. (July, 1906.) ( Honorary Member) 10 List of Members. 220 Mason, D. ; Maisonette. Broadstairs. (June, 1914) Maud, Mrs. Charles E. ; Monterey, California. (July, 1913) Meade-Waldo, E. G. B., F.Z.S., M.B.O.U. ; Hever Warren, Hever, Kent, 'Jan., 1895) Mellor, H. P. ; Trenance, Eagle Brow, Lymm, near Warrington. (Aug., 1918) Mercer, William; Doylestown, Pennsylvania, U.S.A. (March, 1913) *Mills, The Hon. Violet ; The Wilderness, Sevenoaks. (Oct., 1907) Millsum, 0. ; 79, Northdown Road, Cliftonville, Margate. (Aug., 1909) Mitchell, Harry ; 42, Brunswick Square, Hove. (Feb., 1904) Moir, J. K. ; Normanton, Young Street, Albury, New S. Wales. (July, 1918) Money, Sir Leo Chiozza, M.P. ; The Grey House, Hampstead Lane, N. 6. (Nov., 1913) 230 Montagu, Hon. E. S.. M.P., M.B.O.U.; 59, Bridge Street, Cambridge; and 12, Kensington Palace Gardens, W. (May, 1912) Montgeon, Mdlle. de ; Eastington Hall, Upton-on-Severn, Worcs. (Oct., 1913) Morrison, Hon. Mrs. McLaren ; Queen Anne’s Mansions, St. James’s Park, S.W. 1. (Sept, 1911) Mortimer, Mrs.; Wigmore, Holmwood, Surrey. (Orig. Mem.) Moss, J. W. ; Treleaven, Hockerley Lane, Whaley Bridge, near Stockport. (March, 1918) Mundy, Miss Sybil Miller ; Shipley Hall, Derby. (Jan., 1909) Munt, Henry ; 10, Ashburn Place, S. Kensington, S.W. 7. (1912) Mylan, Jas. George, B.A., xM.B. (Univ. Coll.) ; L.R.C.P. and L.lt.C.S. (Ed.), etc. ; 90, Upper Hanover Street, Sheffield. (Dec., 1901) Neilson, Major G. M. ; Boraston Knowe, Blackhall, Midlothian. (June, 1918) Nevill, Capt. T. N. C. ; Bramall Hall, nr. Stockport. (July. 1917) 240 Newman, T. H. ; F.Z.S., M.B.O.U. ; Newlands, Harrowdene Road, Wembley. Middlesex. (May, 1900) Newmarsh, C. T., at Gamage’s, Ltd. ; Holborn, W.C. (Aug., 1915) *Nichols, Walter B., M.B.O.U.; Stour Lodge, Bradfield, Manningtree. (Jan., 1907) Oakey, W. ; The Angler’s Inn, Pole Street, Preston. (March, 1896) Oberholser, Harry C. ; 1444, Fairmount Street, N.W., Washington, D.C., U.S.A. (Oct., 1903) *Ogii,vie-Grant, W. R., F.Z.S., M.B.O.U. ; British Museum (Nat. Hist.), Cromwell Road, S.W. 7. (Dec., 1903) Ogle, Bertram Saville, M.B.O.U. ; Steeple Aston, Oxford. (Dec., 1902) Onslow, The Countess of; Clandon Park, Guildford, Surrey. (July, 1910) O Reilly, Nicholas S. ; 144, Eastern Road, Kemp Town, Brighton. (Dec., 1894) * Ostrehan , J. Elliott D. ; Bank House, Thame, Oxon. (April, 1903) 250 Page, Wesley T., F.Z.S. ; Langstone, Lingfield. Surrey. (May, 1897) *Pam, Albert, F.Z S. ; Wormley Bury, Broxbourne, Herts. (Jan., 1906) List of Members. 11 Pam, Hugo, C.M.Z.S. ; 65, Bishopsgate, E.C. 2. (Sept., 1911) Parmenter, Miss; Sedgemere Hall, Roydon, Essex. (Nov., 1917) Peir, P. ; c/o Taxation Department, George Street North, Sydney, N.S.W. (July, 1903) Penrose, Frank G.. M.D., F.Z.S., M.B.O.U. ; Rathkeale, 51, Surrey, Road Bournemouth. (Dec., 1903) Percival, Walter G. ; Kalnangi, Chania Bridge, British East Africa. (Feb., 1915) Percy, The Lord William ; Alnwick Castle, Alnwick. (May, 1913) Perking, C. S. R. ; 1, Claremont Avenue, New Malden, Surrey. Phillips, John C. ; Knobfields. Wenham, Mass., U.S.A. (March, 1910) 260 ’Phillips, Mrs. E. Lort, F.Z.S. ; 79, Cadogau Square, S.W. 1. (April, 1907) Pichot, M. Pierre A. ; Li2, Boulevard Hausmann, Paris. (Sept., 1910) Pickford, Randolph John ; Thorn Lea, Carmel Road, Darlington. (Feb. 1903) Pike, L. G. ; Kingsbarrow, Wareham, Dorset. (1912) * Pocock, R. I., F.R.S., F.L.S., F.Z.S., M.B.O.U. ; Zoological Society’s Gardens, Regent’s Park, N.W. 1. (Feb., 1904) Portal, Maurice ; High Sandhoe, Hexham. (April, 1913) Potter, Dr. Bernard E ; 26, Park Crescent, Portland Place, W. 1. (Mar., 1914) Price, Lieut. E. N., R.G.A. ; R.A. Headquarters, 6th Divis. Artillery, B.E.F. (Jan., 1918) Princeton University, Library of; Princeton. New Jersey, U.S.A. (Nov., 1907) Pycraft, W. P., A.L.S., F.Z.S. , M.B.O.U., etc. ; British Museum (Nat. Hist ), Cromwell Road, S.W. (Nov., 1904). (Hon. Member) 270 Qcincey, Capt. Richard S. de Q. ; Inglewood, Chislehurst, Kent. (April, 1913) Radcliffe, Captain A. Delme, 105th Maratha Light Infantry, Poona, India. Rathborke, Henry B. ; Dreenan, Boa Island, Pettigo, Co. Fermanagh. (May, 1901) •Rattigan, Lieut. G. E.; 29, Caroline Street, Eaton Terrace, S.W. 1. (Aug., 1908) Rickman, Philip; Brookmead, Windsor Road, Bray, Berks. (July, 1915) Reid, Mrs.; Funchal, Madeira. (Feb., 1895). Renshaw, Graham, M.D., F.R.S.E. (Editor); Sale Bridge House, Sale, Man¬ chester. (Jan. 1910) Renshaw, H. S., M.D. ; 2, Richmond Hill, Bowden, Altrincham. (Jan., 1918) ’Rice, Captain G. ; I’ersey House, Blairgowrie, N.B. (May, 1912) Riley, Joseph H. ; U.S. National Museum, Washington, D.C., U.S.A. (June 1906) 280 *Robbixs, Henry ; (Address unknown). (April, 1908) Roberts, Mrs., C.M.Z.S.: Zoological Gardens, Beaumaris, Montpelier Street, Hobart, Tasmania. (June, 1903) Robison, Ansel W. ; c/o Mrs. C. E. Maud, Monterez, Cal., U.S.A. (June, 1918) ’Rogers, Lieut. -Col. J. M., D.S.O., F.Z.S.. M.B.O.U. (late Royal Dragoons) ; Riverhill, Sevenoaks. (April, 1907) Rogerson, A.; Fleurville, Ashford Road, Cheltenham. (Dec., 1902) 12 List of Members. Rothschild, Hon. Lionel de, M.P. ; 46, Park Street, W. 1. (Nov., 1913) Rothwfll, James E. ; 153, Sewall Avenue, Brookline, Mass., U.S.A. (Oct.* 1910) Royal Zoological Society of Ireland, c/o Royal College of Science, Dublin. (Oct., 1905) *St. Quintin, William Herbert, F.Z.S., M.B.O.U. ; Scampston Hall* Rillington, York. (Orig. Mem.) Sclatkr, W. L., M.A., F.Z.S. ; 10, Sloane Court, S.W. 3. (Aug., 1904) 290 Scott, Lieut. B. Hamilton, R.F.A. ; Hamildean, Ipswich. (1912) *Seppings, Captain J. H. W., A.P.D. ; The Castle, Cape Town. (Sept., 1907), Sargeaunt, A. St. George; “ Exbury,” Padstow, Cornwall. (June, 1915) Samuelson, Lady ; Hatchford Park, Cobham, Surrey. (July, 1916) *Seth-Smith, David, F.Z.S., M.B.O.U. ; 34, Elsworthy Road, South Hampstead, N.W. 3. (Dec., 1894) *Sf.th-Smith, Leslie M., B.A., M.B.O.U. ; Alleyne, Caterham Valley, Surrey; and Kampala, Uganda. (Ju.y, 1912) Sebag-Montefiore, Mrs. ; 2, Palace Houses, W. 2. (1913) Sich, Herbert Leonard ; Corney House, Burlington Lane. Chiswick, W. 4. (Feb., 1902) Si.mpson, Archibald : Oakfield House, Stanks, Crossgates, nr. Leeds. (Feb.,. 1901) Smalley, F. W., F.Z.S., M.B.O.U.; North Cove Hall, nr. Beecles, Suffolk.. (1912) 300 Smith, C. Barnby; Woodlands, Retford. (Aug., 1906) *Smith, Miss Dorrien- : Tresco Abbey, Isles of Scilly, Cornwall. (Aug., 1908)i Smith, O. C. ; 73, Audley Street, Reading. (March. 1915) Smith, Philip; Haddon House, Ashton-on-Mersey. (Dec., 1917) Smith, W. Proctor; Haddon House, Ashton-on-Mersev, Sale, Manchester. (Nov., 1917) Snape, Major A. E., F.A.F.; Malvern, Churchtield, Salisbury. (June, 1918) Southesk, The Countess of ; Kinnaird Castle, Brechin, N.B. (Feb., 1901) Southport Corporation, Curator of; Hesketh Park. Southport. (Jan., 1904). Spence, G. O. ; Elmwood, Hartburn, Stockton-on-Tees. (1913) Sprange, Sergt. D. H. ; c/o Messrs. Morton & Owen, 6, Great Winchester- Street, E.C. 2. (Feb., 1918) 310 Sprankling, E. ; Brookland Cottage, South Road, Taunton. (Feb., 1914) Sproston, Mrs.; Elm House, Nantwich, Cheshire. (June, 1917) *Stansfield, Captain John ; Dunninald, Montrose, N.B. (Dec., 1896) Staples-Brownk, R. ; Bradfield House, Bicester, Oxfordshire. (Aug., 1898) Stevens, H. ; Gopaldara Mirik P.O. via Kurslong D.H.Rly., Bengal, India. (Oct., 1911) Stockport Corporation; Superintendent, Vernon Park, Stockport. (Oct.* 1902) Suffolk and Berkshire, The Countess of ; Charlton Park, Malmesbury. (Feb.. 1909) Suggitt, Robert ; Suggitt’s Lane, Cleethorpes, Grimsby. (Dec., 1903) Sutcliffe, Albert; Fairholme, Grimsby. (Feb., 1906) List of Members. 13 •Sutton, Lady; Brinsop Court, Hereford. (Dec.. 1901) 820 Swaysland, Walter; 47, Queen's Road, Brighton. (Orig. Mem.) Taka-Tsukaba, Nobusuke ; 106, Honmura-Cho. Azabu, Tokvo, Japan. (Feb.,. 1914) ’Tanner, Dr. Frank L. ; Vanvert House, Guernsey. (Jan.. 1914) Tavistock. The Marquis of ; Warblington House. Havant, Hants. (1912) Temple, W. R. ; Ormonde, Datchet. Bucks. (June, 1907) Terry, Major Horace A., M.B.O.U. (late Oxfordshire Light Infantry) ; Compton Grange, Compton. Guildford. (Oct., 1902) Teschemaker, W. E., B.A.; Ringmore, Teignmouth, Devon. (May, 1904) Thom. Alfred A. ; The Citadel, Hawkstone, Preston-Brockhurst, Salop. (June, 1913) Thomas. F. Inigo ; 2, Mulberry Walk, Church Street, Chelsea, S.W. 3. (June, 1914) Thomas, Henry ; 15, Clinning Road, Birkdale, Southport. (Jan., 1895) 330 Thomas, Miss F. G. F. ; Weston Hall, Towcester, Northants. (March, 1899) Thomasset, Bernard C.. F.Z S. ; The Manor House, Ashmansworth, near Newbury. (July, 1896) Thomasset, H. P. ; Mahe, Seychelles. (Nov., 1906) Thompson, Mrs. F. F. ; Canandaigua, N.Y., U.S.A. (July, 1907) Thorniley, Percy Wright; Shooter’s Hill, Wera, Shrewsbury. (Feb., 1902) Ticehurst, Norman Frederick. M.A., M.B., F.R.C.S., F.Z.S. ; 24, Pevensey Road, St Leonards-on-Sea. (Dec., 1906) Townsend, Stanley M. ; 3, Swift Street, Fulham. (Sept., 1898) Trenow, Evelyn Henry, F.Z.S. ; Ivy I odge, Epping, Essex. (Nov., 1910) Trestrail. Mrs. ; Southdaile. Clevedon. (Sept., 1903) •Trevor-Battye, Aubyn B. R.. M.A., F.L.S. ; Ashford Chace. Petersfield, Hants. (July, 1898) 340 Turner, Mrs. Turner; Abbey Spring, Beaulieu, Hants. (July, 1910) Twf.edie, Lieut. -Col. W. ; c/o Mrs. Tweedie, 8, Glebe Crescent, Stirling. (April, 1903) Urwick, Douglas R. ; Prior's Barton, Winchester. (March, 1913) Valentine, Ernest ; 7, Hightield, Workington. (May, 1899) Van Oort, Dr. E. D. ; Museum of Natural History, Leiden, Holland. Van Someren, Dr. ; Nairobi, British East Africa. (June, 1915) Wachsmann, A. E. Wright de Berri ; ‘ Maitai,” Murray Road, Beecroft, New South Wales, Australia. (August, 1914) Waddell, Miss Peddie ; Balquhatstone, Sian Annan, Stirlingshire. (Feb., 1903) Wait, Miss L. M. St. A.; 12, Rosary Gardens, S.W. 7. (Feb., 1909) Walker, Miss H. K. O.; Chesham, Bury, Lancs. (Feb., 1895) u List of Members. 350 Walker, Miss; Persey House, Blairgowrie, N.B. (Jan., 1903) Warner, Percy; Nashville, Tenn., U.S.A. (March, 1916) ‘Wallop, The Hon. Frederick. (No address.) (Feb., 1902) Waterfield, Mrs. Noel E. ; Blyburgate House, Beccles ; and Port Soudan, lied Sea. (Sept., 1904) Watts, R. J. ; “ Sunnyside,” St. Peter’s Road, Huntingdon. (Feb., 1914) Waud, Capt. P. Reginald ; Hoe Benham, near Newbury. (May, 1913) Weir, J. ; Douglas Cottage, Upper Ashley, New Milton, Hants. (July, 1918) Wellington, Her Grace the Duchess of ; Ewhurst Park, Basingstoke. (Oct., 1913) Whitaker, Joseph I. S., F.Z.S., M.B.O.U. ; Malfitano, Palermo, Sicily. (August, 1903) Whitlaw, Miss Rosa M. ; Amerden, Taplow. (August, 1914) ■360 * Wiglesworth, Joseph, M.D., M.B.O.U.; Springfield House, Winscombe, Somerset. (Oct., 1902) Wilkinson, John ; West Park, Shelmorlie, Ayrshire. (Dec., 1914) Willford, Henry ; Upland View, Havenstreet, Ryde, Isle of Wight. (Nov., 1907) Williams, Mrs. C. H. ; Emmanuel Parsonage, Exeter. (May, 1902) Williams, Mrs. Howard; 24, Harley House, Regent’s Park, N.W. (April, 1902) Williams, Sidney, Jun., F.Z.S.; Oakleigh, 110, Riverway, Palmer’s Green, N. 13. (Feb., 1905) ‘Wilson, Dr. Maurice A. ; Walton Lodge, Pannal, Harrogate. (Oct., 1905) Wilson, T Needham; Harrow Lodge, Bransgore, Christchurch, Hants. (Dec., 1901) ‘Winchelsea and Nottingham, The Countess of ; Haverholme Priory, Sleaford. (April, 1903) Windham, Lady Edith ; Soham House, Newmarket. 370 Wolfe, Miss Georgina ; St. John, 57, Granada Road, East Southsea. (August, 1904) Woodward, Kenneth N. ; 1, Madison Avenue, New York, U.S.A. (March, 1915) Wooldridge, Prof. G. H., F.R.C.V.S. ; Royal Veterinary College, Camden Town, N.W. (1912) Workman, Wm. Hughes, M.B.O.U.; Lismore, Windsor Avenue, Belfast. (May, 1903). ‘Wormald, Hugh; The Heath, Dereham, Norfolk. (Dec. 1904) Yealland, Pte. James ; Clandon Park Hospital, Guildford, Surrey. (July, 1913) Young, Rev. Halford, The Vicarage, Stone, Aylesbury. (July, 1917) Rules of the Avicultural Society. 15 Rules of the Avicultural Society. As amended January , 1908. 1. — The name of the Society shall be The Aviccltciul Society, and its object shall be the study of Foreign and British Birds in freedom and in captivity. Poultry. Pigeons, and Canaries shall be outside the scope of the Society. The year of the Society, with that of each volume of the Society’s Magazine, which shall be known as The Avicultural Magazine, shall commence with the month of November and end on the 31st of October following. 2. — The Avicultural Society shall consist of Ordinary aud Honorary Members, and the latter shall be restricted in number to six, and be elected by the Council. 3. — The Officers of the Society shall be elected, annually if necessary, by members of the Council in manner hereinafter provided, and shall consist of a President, one or more Vice-Presidents, a Business Secretary, a Correspondence Secretary, an Editor, a Treasurer, an Auditor, a Scrutineer, and a Council of fifteen members. The Secretaries. Editor, and Treasurer shall be ex ojlicio Members of the Council. 4. — New Members shall be proposed in writing, and the name and address of every person thus proposed, with the name of the Member proposing him, shall be published in the next issue of the Magazine. Unless the candidate shall, within two weeks after the publication of his name in the Magazine, be objected to by at least two Members, he shall be deemed to be duly elected. If five Members shall lodge with the Business Secretary objections to any candidate he shall not be elected, but the signatures to the signed objections must be verified by the Scrutineer. If two or more Members (but less than five) shall object to any candidate, the Secretary shall announce in the next number of the Magazine that such objections have been lodged (but shall not disclose the names of the objectors), and shall request the Members to vote upon the question of the election of such candidate. Members shall record their votes in sealed letters addressed to the Scrutineer, and a candidate shall uot be elected unless two-thirds of the votes recorded be in his favour ; nor shall a candidate be elected if five or more votes be recorded against his election. 5. — Each Member shall pay an annual subscription of £1, to be due and payable in advance on the 1st of November in each year. New Members shall pay, in addition, an entrance fee of 10s. Od. ; and, on payment of their entrance fee and 16 Buies of the Avicultural Society. subscription, they shall be entitled to receive all the numbers of the Society’s Magazine for the current year. 6. — Members intending to resign their membership at the end of the current year of the Society are expected to give notice to the Business Secretary before the 1st of October, so that their names may not be included in the “ List of Members,” which shall be published annually in the November number of the Magazine. 7. — The Magazine of the Society shall be issued on or about the first day of every month, and forwarded, post free, to all the Members who shall have paid their subscriptions for the year ; but no Magazine shall be sent or delivered to any Member until the annual subscription shall have reached the hands of the Busi7iess Secretary or the Publishers. Members whose subscriptions shall not have been paid as above by the first day in September in any year shall cease to be Members of the Society, and shall not be re-admitted until a fresh entrance fee, as well as the annual subscription, shall have been paid. 8. — The Secretaries, Editor, and Treasurer shall be elected for a term of five years, and, should a vacancy occur, it may be temporarily filled up by the Executive Committee (see Rule 10). At the expiration of the term of five years in every case it shall be competent for the Council to nominate the same officer, or another Member, for a further term of five years, unless a second candidate be proposed by not less than twenty-five Members of at least two years’ standing, as set forth below. In the September number of the Magazine preceding the retirement from office of the Secretaries, Editor, or Treasurer, the Council shall publish the names of those gentlemen whom they have nominated to fill the vacancies thus created ; and these gentlemen shall be deemed duly elected unless another candidate or candidates be proposed by not less than fifteen Members of at least two years’ standing. Such proposal, duly seconded and containing the written consent of the nominee to serve, if elected, in the capacity for which he is proposed, must reach the Business Secretary on or before the loth of September. The Council shall also publish yearly in the September number of the Magazine the names of those gentlemen nominated by them for the posts of Auditor and Scrutineer respectively. 8. _ The Members of the Council shall retire by rotation, two at the end of each year of the Society (unless a vacancy or vacancies shall occur otherwise) and two other Members of the Society shall be recommended by the Council to take the place of those retiring. The names of the two Members recommended shall be printed in the September number of The Avicultural Magazine. Should the Council’s selection be objected to by fifteen or more Members, these shall have power to put forward two other candidates, whose names, together with the Rules of the Avicultural Society. 17 •signatures of no less than fifteen Members proposing them, must reach the Hon. Business Secretary by the loth of September. The names of the four candidates will then be printed on a voting paper and sent to each Member with the October number of the Magazine, and the result of the voting published in the November issue. Should no alternative candidates be put forward, in the manner and by the date above specified, the two candidates recommended by the Council shall be deemed to have been duly elected. In the event of an equality of votes the President shall have a casting vote. If any Member of the Council does not attend a meeting for two years in succession the Council shall have power to elect another member in his place. 10. — Immediately after the election of the Council that body shall proceed to elect three from its Members (ex officio Members not being eligible). These three, together with the Secretaries and Editor, shall form a Committee known as the Executive Committee. Members of the Council shall be asked every year {whether there has been an election of that body or not) if they wish to stand for the Executive, and in any year when the number of candidates exceeds three there shall be an election of the Executive. The duties of the Executive Committee shall be as follows: (i) . To sanction all payments to be made on behalf of the Society. (ii) . In the event of the resignation of any of the officers during the Society’s year, to fill temporarily the vacancy until the end of the year. In the case of the office being one which is held for more than one year (e. g. Secretaries, Editor, or Treasurer) the appointment shall be confirmed by the Council at its next meeting. (iii) . To act for the Council in the decision of any other matter that may arise in connection with the business of the Society. The decision of any matter by the Executive to be settled by a simple majority (five to form a quorum). In the event of a tie on any question, such question shall be forthwith submitted by letter to the Council for their decision. The Executive shall not have power (i). To add to or alter the Rules ; (ii) . To expel any Member ; (iii). To re-elect the Secretaries, Editor, or Treasurer for a second term of office. It shall not be lawful for the Treasurer to pay any account unless such account be duly initialled by the Executive. It shall be lawful for the Business Secretary or Editor to pledge the Society’s credit for a sum not exceeding £15. 18 Buies of the Avicultural Society. Should a Member wish any matter to be brought before the Council direct such matter should be sent to the Business Secretary with a letter stating that it is to be brought before the Council at their next meeting, otherwise communica¬ tions will in the first place be brought before the Executive. A decision of a majority of the Council, or a majority of the Executive endorsed by the Council, shall be final and conclusive in all matters. 11. — The Editor shall have an absolute discretion as to what matter shall be published in the Magazine (subject to the control of the Executive Committee). The Business Secretary and Editor shall respectively refer all matters of doubt and difficulty to the Executive Committee. 12. — The Council (but not a Committee of the Council) shall have power to alter and add to the Rules, from time to time, in any manner they may think fit. Five to form a quorum at any meeting of the Council. 13. — The Council shall have power to expel any Member from the Society at any time without assigning any reason. 14. — Neither the Office of Scrutineer nor that of Auditor shall be held for two consecutive years by the same person. 15. — The Scrutineer shall not reveal to any person how any Member shall have voted. 16. — That each Member (not a Dealer) be entitled to one advertisement, free of charge, each month, the Editor to be sole judge as to whether such advertise¬ ment can and shall be published or not, priority shall be given to those who apply first. The Society’s Medal. 19 The Society’s Medal. RULES. The Medal may be awarded at the discretion of the Committee to any Member who shall succeed in breeding, in the United Kingdom, any species of bird which shall not be known to have been previously bred in captivity in Great Britain or Ireland. Any Member wishing to obtain the Medal must send a detailed account for publication in the Magazine within about eight weeks from the date of hatching of the young and furnish such evidence of the facts as the Executive Committee may require. The Medal will be awarded only in cases where the young shall live to be old enough to feed themselves, and to be wholly independent of their parents. The account of the breeding must be reasonably full so as to afford instruction to our Members, and should describe the plumage of the young and be of value as a permanent record of the nesting and general habits of the species. These points will have great weight when the question of awarding the Medal is under consideration. The parents of the young must be the bona fide property of the breeder. An evasion of this rule, in any form whatever, will not only disqualify the breeder from any claim to a Medal in that particular instance, but will seriously prejudice any other claims he or she may subsequently advance for the breeding of the same or any other species. In every case the decision of the Committee shall be final. The Medal will be forwarded to each Member as soon after it shall have been awarded as possible. The Medal is struck in bronze (but the Committee reserve the right to issue it in silver in very special cases) and measures 2£ inches in diameter. It bears on the obverse a representation of two birds with a nest containing eggs, and the words “ The Avicultural Society — founded 1894.” On the reverse is the following inscription : “ Awarded to (name of recipient ) for rearing the young of (name of species) a species not previously bred in captivity in the United Kingdom ” 20 The Society’s Prize and Certificate. The Society’s Prize. The Society offers an annual Prize in Literature for the best article or series of articles on foreign birds, wild or captive, submitted by members living abroad, and accepted for publication in the Magazine, the Prize to consist of a bound and inscribed copy of ‘ Practical Bird-keeping’ or some other suitable book, the award of the Prize to rest with the Editor. The Prize is open for competition by foreign members only, as they are not eligible for the Medal. The Society’s Certificate. This Certificate is given for priority in breeding birds in cages, the dimensions of which must not exceed one cubic yard, the conditions of award to be the same as thoBe for the Medal. The Avicultural Magazine Photo, by G. E. Low. THE LITTLE GREY HOME IN THE WEST: Puffin at Burrow, Saltee Islands, Ireland. The edge of the burrow is seen at X. Adlard & Son & West Newman. Ltd 1 THE AVICULTURAL PI AGAZ1N E, BEING THE JOURNAL OF THE AVICULTURAL SOCIETY FOR THE STUDY OF FOREIGN & BRITISH BIRDS IN FREEDOM & CAPTIVITY. Third, Series. — Yol. X. — No. 1. — All rights reserved. NOVEMBER, 1918. A GOOD START. “ What’s well begun is half clone ” runs the proverb. This thought dominates the mind as the Magazine with this number commences yet another avicultural year. Already it is plain that the literary output will be excellent, while our pictures will equal the letterpress — for which the Editor thanks all those who have stood by him with pen and camera. The illustration opposite has been selected from a line series of photographs taken by our member and contributor Mr. G. E. Low. Although other birds are included in the series, the collection primarily deals with sea-birds — Gulls and Puffins. We see, for instance, a wild headland awhirl with white wings ; downy infant Kittiwakes squatting in their rocky nursery ; or a regiment of white- fronted, black-backed Puffins marshalled in absurd dignity at their breeding-station, or whirring past the camera, half filling the plate with birds. Taken on the rocky cliffs of Irish islands, the photo¬ graphs are steeped in the very salt of the sea. One almost hears — “ The myriad cry of wheeling ocean-fowl, The league-long roller thundering on the reef.” We hope in due course to publish many of these sea-pictures, constituting as they do a novelty amongst the attractions of the Magazine. G. R. 1 2 Surg.-Com. K. H. Jones, THE FULMAR PETREL. By Surgeon-Commander K. H. Jones, M.B., R.N. There is little to entertain the mind and please the eye of the ornithologist whose lot is cast during the winter months upon the stormy sea, in the harsh weather of the northern portions of the British Isles, and on the ocean which stretches thence towards the inhospitable Polar regions. Such a one must always feel grateful to the Fulmar Petrel — almost invariably his companion, no matter how vile the weather or how far away from land he may find himself. It is under the most unpleasant and arduous conditions of wind and weather that this wonderful wanderer is to be seen to the greatest advantage. Its untiring energy, its matchless strength and skill in flight, and the perfect grace of its aerial evolutions can hardly fail to excite admiration long after they have become the commonest subjects of daily observation. It is impossible to sail from any harbour in the Orkneys or Shetlands without some of these birds following in the vessel’s wake. The number varies very much, and is greater, as a rule, in the winter than during the summer months, because, of course, in the latter season a considerable proportion of the species resorts to its breeding haunts. The Fulmar apparently does, to some extent, feed on garbage food thrown overboard from ships, for an individual of this species, or perhaps a small party, may be seen to settle on the often very stormy water in the ship’s wake, when the cook has emptied the contents of the shoot. Compared, however, with the Gulls the Petrels are very abstemious, and the noisy, greedy parties of ravenous birds do not include many of the latter at any time — at least such has been the writer’s experience. It is far from easy when watching a Fulmar to observe the bird in the act of flapping its wings. Easily passing ahead of the ship, accommodating itself with¬ out any apparent effort, after the manner of its kind, to any shift in the wind, it continues its long and rapid glides and marvellous swerves, now almost touching the water, which it beats Petrel fashion with its feet, and now rising as high, or higher than the mast-head. It is a on the Fulmar Petrel. 3 curious fact that, although one may travel day after day on the northern part of the North Sea or on the North Atlantic Ocean in very rough weather and see hundreds of Fulmars all the time, it is quite infrequently that one sees one of these birds resting on the water, and yet, of course, they must sleep thereon. From the sudden way in which a few Fulmars in mid-ocean may augment their numbers it seems as if they tend to go about in company, apart altogether from their habit of congregating to follow certain ships. It has been stated that a Fulmar, when flying near the shore, shows the greatest reluctance to cross dry land ; the same dis¬ inclination to cross the deck of a ship, even when quite high above it, is very noticeable. It does so, but very, very rarely. A Fulmar may cross the stern of a ship a hundred times with the wind strongly behind or ahead of the bird, and yet not once will it appear above the head of an observer standing right aft. These birds are remarkably tame, or unusually bold — which it is is a matter of opinion — but they often fly so close to the rail that with a stick one could easily strike them. When passing close by the observer in this manner the great pace at which they are travelling is very obvious. Associated with the Fulmar is very frequently the Kittiwake, but this elegant and very skilful little aviator cannot compare with its more robust companion, either in point of pace or endurance, and it is very often seen resting on the water even in the heaviest sea, and breaking waves disturb it not in the least. If a wave or white-crested curler breaks into surf over a swimming Fulmar it does not usually raise itself up in the water to meet it as the Kittiwake does, but often it will take to flight, beating the sea with its feet as it rises into the air. It having on one occasion happened that the writer of these notes had to cross the Atlantic from the North of Scotland to Nova Scotia at the end of one year and to return in the beginning of the next, notes were kept of the incidence of the Fulmar Petrel during both voyages. On the outward voyage on the first day not a few Fulmars were noted, and this day was calm and bright. 1§ 4 Summer birds at Boehampton. The second day was rather rough, and the Fulmars were scarcer. The third day but four or five Fulmars were observed. On the fourth day Fulmars were scarce in the forenoon, but abundant at 3.30 p.m. The fifth day no Fulmars were seen until noon, after which time they were abundant. On the sixth day only two or three Fulmars were seen, at about 3.30 p.m. For the last two days, before reaching the Canadian coast, no Fulmars appeared at all. Returning to Europe after a few days, precisely the same occurred as on the previous voyage — no Fulmars were seen for the first two days after leaving Canada, and on the third a bird, which may have been of this species, was observed just as it was getting dark. Fulmars were abundant on the fourth day. The fifth day Fulmars were again much in evidence, and the same is true of the sixth. On the seventh day Fulmars were still flying astern with Kittiwakes and one or two Great Black-backed Gulls, and the eighth day saw the ship safely back in a British harbour. The above notes, of course, lose some of their value from the fact that the writer was not always on the upper deck during the day ; at the same time some hours were spent daily, in all weathers, in observation of the avifauna of the open sea. In the experience of the writer the grey form of the Fulmar is a good deal scarcer than the white. SUMMER BIRDS AT ROEHAMPTON. By Allen Silver. In the grounds here I have seen Jays and Stock Doves (of course Wood-Pigeons), Blackcap, Willow Wrens, Chiffchaffs, Nuthatches, Creepers, Goldfinches, and Redpolls, Tits, Lesser- Spotted and Greater-Spotted Woodpeckers. The former are nesting, and I have found the nesting-hole. Just outside London the More about Bitterns and Spoonbills. 5 Nightingales are busy, as seem all the other birds, and except in Song Thrushes and Whitethroats I see very little scarcity. I have heal’d and seen one Grasshopper Warbler. Of course my journeys are limited, and I have not been able to get to “ the spots ” where one can bet on finding a species. People often say they have not seen this, that, or the other because they have not localised the right quarters, and slight deafness is fatal in field work. I find the ear the best of all tell-tales. So many things are invisible but speak loudly. I watched a pair of Willow Wrens here courting. They are both awful fools, like most other creatures at such times. Yesterday the Flycatchers were “ making choice ” — the cocks at this time can do “ bull rushes ” at each other. Blue-Tits now are mostly making the place noisy with what I call their “mouse-call.” Few books mention this first sign of amour in that species, which noise usually is suspended when the young hatch. This is one of the most difficult birds to keep and moult we have. I’d sooner keep Long-tailed Tits, Wrens, Creepers and Goldcrests any day, and far preferably Sunbirds, i. e. with the idea of betting which would survive the longest. The Marsh Tit is the easiest kept Tit, followed by the Cole and Greater, which are equally questionable as “ long livers.” Crested and Red¬ sided Tits are better “ livers,” and Reedlings are, of course, very little trouble. Owls were very noisy in the grounds last night, i. e. S. aluco. Starlings have a nest here just above that of the Lesser-spotted Woodpecker. I hope they won’t disturb it. They can’t get in, of course, and Nuthatches usually fool them, but they generally have more wits than a Green Woodpecker, often causing the latter to shift. MORE ABOUT BITTERNS AND SPOONBILLS. By J. H. Gurney. (Reprinted from the ‘ Zoologist.’) The first Spoonbills were a fine pair seen on Breydon Broad by Mr. B. B. Riviere on May 1st, 1913 ; wind S.E. to S.W., force 2. Many other birds were on the mud-flats, including five Sheld-Ducks, Wigeon, Shovellers, and a White-fronted Goose, all of 6 Mr. J. H. Gurney, them travellers going north or east. From that date until August 16th there were twenty-six days out of one hundred and six on which the watcher was able to register the presence of Spoonbills. According to his carefully kept notes, the longest period during which there was not a Spoonbill on the Broad was from May 29th to June 11th. On June 25th Mr. C. R. Gurney and I had a distinct view of three, and on July 6th there were four, this being the largest number seen by the watcher on any one day. In recording the visits of Spoonbills Mr. Jaryhas always been requested to carefully observe the direction of the wind. Accordingly, in looking back at his notes for many years, we learn that forty-four Spoonbills have come to Breydon Broad with a N.E. wind and seven with a N.W. ; twenty more have come with a W. wind, eight with a S.W., and six with a S. wind. These observations were all made in April, May, or June, and a good deal may be gathered from them. Evidently in the spring it is a N.E. wind which generally brings Spoonbills ; but this is curious, because in April and May their desire on leaving southern Europe would be to migrate north, or perhaps north-west. Do they then prefer to migrate with a wind which is against them ? There is, however, another solution, namely, that it is a N.E. wind whereby they are checked, and without which many would pass on without halting on the Breydon mud-flats. This latter theory seems highly probable, and it certainly appears that when the wind has been S., a few only (fourteen in about as many years) have stopped on Breydon Broad, the rest presumably wending their way to a breeding-place in Holland. Mr. F. C. Jourdain is of opinion that the largest Spoonbill settlement in Europe is probably that at Obedszka-Bara, in the Gegenwart (see Jakob Schenk, ‘ Aquila,’ 1908, p. 245), but it is not likely that our Breydon birds nest there, or even pass it on migration. We were sorry to miss the pair of Montagu’s Harriers from the marsh where they had been last year. However, this disappoint¬ ment was more than balanced when a little before half-past five a fine Bittern was viewed approaching with lazy flight, extended legs, and retracted neck from the same direction as one had come from when Mr. Bonhote and I were on this Broad one warm July day two on more about Bitterns and Spoonbills. 7 or three years ago. On perceiving itself watched by three people, it rose considerably, but soon dropped again to its original level, some fifteen feet above the reeds, among which we eventually saw it settle. I should have liked at once to have searched for the nest, but the owner was obdurate, fearing that the birds might forsake it, a feeling with which one could not but sympathise. The return of the Bittern to Norfolk of late years has been accompanied by a general desire to protect it on the part of the Broad owners, and it is hoped that this good action will have the support of the public who use our Broads in summer. The “ boom ” of a Bittern is a curious sound, not often to be heard ; it is hushed in the middle of the day, but towards evening this nocturnal “ Butter-bump,” as it has been called in allusion to its note, becomes more lively. By listening carefully, we could easily distinguish five successive “gasps,” rising in crescendo , and terminating in the deep “ bump,” whence its name, but sometimes there were only three “ gasps,” which agrees with the statement of Francis Willughby that the number is always uneven.* Whether it goes on serenading its mate all night is hard to say ; on the present occasion I can testify that its “ boom ” could be heard up to 11 p.m. and again at 4 a.m. the next morning — i.e. sixteen minutes after sunrise — breaking forth about once in four minutes, and this went on with clock-like regularity until past six o’clock. I believe it is not yet settled whether the female Bittern can boom or not, but at any rate she does not do it nearly as loudly nor as often as the male. Mr. W. P. Pycraft, in a recent article (‘ The British Bird Book,’ iv, p. 338), leaves the question open, merely remarking that the syrinx, which is usually considered to be the voice organ in birds, presents no modification. An old eighteenth century naturalist, Dr. Lamb, however, mentions having found in repeated dissections a loose membrane on the inner side of the windpipe in the male, wdiich the female does not possess (‘ Zoologist,’ 1880, p. 318). It is through the nostrils, which are distinctly larger than a Heron’s, that the sound is believed to come. Boatus numero impari vel tres simul, vel quinque edit, ut aiuot ” (‘ Ornitho- logicse Libri Tres,’ p. 208). 8 Mr. J. Weir, MY BULLFINCH. By Miss D. Hussey Freke. I reared my hen Bullfinch “ Loomoola ” from the nest, with five others, from twelve days old. In the autumn I parted with the five, and Loomoola being a hen I let her out of doors ; but as she repeatedly came back and was so very tame I decided to keep her. She was seldom shut into her cage, but stayed in my bedroom — always coming to me when I came in or called her. I was perfectly devoted to the little treasure, and was quite miserable when, in the second spring, she flew out of the window and remained out for a fortnight. During that time I could never see her, and then one afternoon I heard her calling in the kitchen garden. As I was ill at the time I asked my mother to go and put the cage in the path for her. The same afternoon she went in with delight, and mother brought her in to me. In a few days’ time, to my astonishment and delight, she began picking up all the bits of hair and fluff off the carpet, and began building a nest on a bracket close to my bed, placing it behind a china pot ; the following week it was finished, and she began to lay her eggs — five. I was fearfully excited to see if she would hatch any of them, and in due time four little birds appeared. I put soft food — egg, etc. — in a saucer, and she fed and reared them all, and never minded a bit how many strangers came to look at her. When they were able to fly I put them in a cage and took them away. Alas, the following winter my absolute treasure was trodden on, and died on Christmas Day. I have reared Bull¬ finches in quantities, but never had such a darling, or one that I was quite so devoted to, as she knew my step, and the moment she heard me come into the house she began calling, and would often fly out into the hall to meet me coming up the stairs. I seldom came in without bringing a berry or bit of evergreen for her. HAMPSHIRE BIRDS. By J. Weir. The situation in which I live is suitable for observing bird life as the country immediately surrounding is open, and there is gorse on Hampshire birds. 9 and heather, and a wood adjoining. It used to be part of a large estate, and the house I live in and the nearest one are both only a few years old. A good deal of the undergrowth in one direction has been cleared, which banished the Nightingale, but recently one seems to have returned. One can stand at the door and listen to several Nightingales singing, also the Night-jar's note can be heard. Once a Cuckoo seemed to call nearly all night. One appeared for a while to be constantly in the neighbourhood, and a year or so ago a young one was being fed in close proximity. Some birds seem scarcer since the gorse has been cut near the house, as, for instance, the Stone Chat and Linnet as breeding-birds. I believe I found the nest of the Cirl Bunting with one young bird a few years back, but there has been no sign of the species lately. A full list of birds seen or heard without going many yards from the door might be weari¬ some, but I may say that the Goldfinch is numerous, as also are the Linnet, Skylark, Blackbird and Thrush, Willow Warbler, Green Woodpecker, Tawny Owl, Starling and Missel Thrush. I cannot say much for the good behaviour of boys in relation to birds here any more than in other districts. I have heard some very good vocalists in the Thrush and Blackbird ranks here. Birds occurring on migration or found in the neighbourhood include the Little Owl (or so I am told it is) ; I have one stuffed, which was picked up dead. There is a railway-line near the house, where the Corn-crake, although it does not seem to stay here, has been picked up several times. One meets with Partridge (both kinds), Pheasant, Barn Owl, Wryneck (not much heard this year by me), Meadow Pipit (ditto, ditto), Lapwing, Snipe, Jack Snipe, Water Rail, Woodcock, and the Redpoll in winter. The Heron frequently passes over. There is a very large rookery at Hinton Admiral : Jackdaws are numerous, with Rooks ; Sea Gulls of one or two kinds are often in evidence, and nearly all the well-known Warblers and Tits. Magpies and Jays appear to be more unmolested than previously ; I trust this will be permanent. I have noted the Spotted Flycatcher, Nuthatch and Red-backed Shrike in the neighbourhood. Swallows and Martins do not seem very numerous, and as yet not many Swifts. If one can believe it, the Christchurch neighbourhood, 10 Mr. James J. Cash, about half an hour’s ride on the way to Bournemouth, was at least at one time a noted place for birds. Of course the New Forest is near. There is a museum of British birds at Christchurch, and I believe a great number are claimed as local captures. I have heard something about the Crossbill breeding not many miles away. I lost my Jay by death this week ; it screamed very loudly one night, and since then it had intermittently strong convulsive seizures, rallied remarkably one night and next morning, but relapsed and eventually died. I left it at night very collapsed and in the morning it was dead. I never noticed it plucking itself, but for several years it seemed to be stripped on the breast too early in the year for Nature. I have a Magpie, a hen, which is very lively and energetic ; as far as I can see the Magpie is of a more inquiring nature than the Jay. It seems to think more, although the Jay no doubt is cunning, but the expression on the faces of the two birds is strikingly different. The Jay looks surprised, the Magpie modest. The Magpie laid six eggs last year, and several the previous one ; I have seen none this year. No eggs, either, from any of my birds this year that I can recall, although they seem in very good condition. I have a pair of Blackbirds at large in the bird-house ; the hen has built a nest, but I do not know of any eggs. I have had all my birds for some years. The cock Combassou (I have only one of that species) is still practically in full colour. The Avadavat is nearly in eclipse, and the Grey Waxbill which I have had now from four to five years is bright and strong. A number of my birds are hand-reared by myself almost entirely, the smallest one being a hen Hedge-Sparrow. Later. — The hen Blackbird has since laid two eggs. While I was away, she escaped, and was not recaptured, and now appears to be missing. THE VALUE OF BIRD LIFE. By James J. Cash. The importance of the article by the Editor in the June number under the heading “What did we do in the Great War?” should not be lost sight of. The value to mankind of bird life is very on the value of bird life. 11 real — vital, indeed — yet, judging from much that we have read in the press, and seen and heard, during the past four years of war, this fact is not appreciated as it should be. Every student of bird life must be filled with indignation at much that has been going on — at the folly of allowing Plovers’ eggs to be collected for the table, for example ; at the urging of children to collect the eggs and to kill the young of “ Sparrows,” which in practice means destroying many species of small birds of great use¬ fulness to the community ; in short, at the folly of thinking that bird life is man’s enemy and not his friend. It was a true remark in a recent number of this Magazine that “ the wild or native birds of every country are there to benefit the farmers, the fruit-growers, and the stock-breeders.” While practically every bird is found to do more good than harm, insectivorous birds should be protected very zealously. We simply could not do without them ; gardening and farming would soon become impossible. Bird life must be encouraged and protected. Dr. C. Gordon Hewitt well says that “ birds are the most powerful insecticides we have.” Too many folks are alive only to the damage that some birds do ; they do not see the good the birds are waging at all times and seasons. The question has been well asked and answered : “ What would be the state of our permanent pastures if there were no birds ? ” “ In a few years thousands of acres would be bared by subterranean insects. Were it not for Rook, Jackdaw, Starling, Plover and Gull, the white grub, wire-worm, leather-jackets, etc., would increase in such enormous numbers that the grass would be destroyed wholesale.” This brings to mind those great winter flocks of birds which roam across the pastures and arable land from autumn until spring — the snowy Gulls like winter drifts upon the brown earth, the clamouring Rooks and Daws darkening the grasslands, the flickering wings of Lapwings innumerable where potatoes and turnips have recently been lifted. Think of the vast amount of grubs and insects destroyed by these birds in the course of a winter season ! It has been proved that the destruction of Lapwings, Rooks and Starlings had much to do with the recent plague of antler moth 12 Mr. Allen Silver, caterpillars among the hill pastures of Derbyshire and elsewhere. There is no doubt, of course, that much harm can be done by certain birds at times, but this should not blind us to their usefulness in other directions, and to cry out for the extermination of any species is, in the writer’s opinion, wrong. It is good to find that the Barn and Tawny Owls are decidedly more numerous in Cheshire than they were a dozen years ago. On the other hand it is disquieting to miss the always-useful Lapwings from many old nesting haunts ; great as are the winter flocks of these Plovers, one can travel for many miles in spring without seeing more than an occasional nesting pair. We have always before us the tireless activities of the Swallows and Swift, and we should appreciate to the full the cease¬ less energies of the Flycatchers, the various summer Warblers, the small fry (Tits, Goldcrest, and Creeper), Robin, Wren and Hedge Sparrow, Wagtails and Pipits. These are but some of many intensely useful feathered creatures. The Kestrel, too, must have special mention. It has been heartening to see more than usual this autumn. One or more have been seen most days, high in the windy sky, hovering, gliding, sailing, in graceful, perfect flight. Perhaps the shortage of gamekeepers accounts for this ! TWO INTERESTING HYBRIDS. By Allen Silver. It may interest aviculturists to know that seven hybrids were bred this season between a male Lesser Redpoll and female Twite by a Mr. Efisio Azario, a London bird-keeper. The male parent boasted four or five years’ cage life; the female was a comparatively recently- caged bird. Owing to aviary disturbances one only of the hybrid nestlings was reared, and that by Canary foster parents. Although sober in colouring, it is quite a charming little bird, and the characters of its parents are almost equally merged in it. This is by no means a common feature in Finch hybrids. The bill presents the character of both parent birds, and the under parts are less heavily streaked on two interesting hybrids. 13 than in the case of a pure example of C. flavirostris. The primaries mainly resemble those of a Twite, the white webs being washed with a sandy tone. The bird, although Redpoll-like in build, is nearly as long as a Twite. There is no doubt as to its genuineness, either from its appearance or from the details concerning its breeding, about which I made full inquiries when visiting the owner. A correspondent of mine, a Mr. John Angus, of Polmont, Stirlingshire, bred this season three hybrids between a male Gold¬ finch and a hen Twite in a cage 19 in. x 14 in. x 10 in. They were reared by foster-parents, and I believe two are males and one a female. They have not yet acquired full plumage, so at present I am not aware whether they will exhibit a black cap or “blaze."’ The blaze is fairly pronounced in mules between the Goldfinch and the Linnet.* The primary webs on the birds are yellowish, not brown or white, or jonquil yellow. The cheeks are streaked and the mantle described as speckled, as also are those of the flanks. The rectrices at present are very much like those of the Twite, except that they are yellowish in tone, no black and white Goldfinch-pattern being noticeable. There is at present no chestnut on the upper breast, no white cheek, no dark cap. The bill, however, is interesting, being “ Twite ” yellow at the base and streaked on the upper mandible like that of the Goldfinch, and is fairly long. Birds of this kind and family are readily obtainable, and aviculturists should, whilst exotic species are rare, turn their attention to producing new British hybrids. Mules between Siskin and Bullfinch and Canary and Chaffinch would fetch high prices apart from their interest. Bunting hybrids are wanted, and also any purely insectivorous, i. e. (not seed-sheller) hybrids. I should be pleased at any time to give information relating to what has been done in this direction, having for some good number of years watched experiments closely (see vol. ii, No. 12, 3rd series). The Chaffinch at present has only been crossed with the Brambling and the Greenfinch, and I think could be further used. * If a member, Mr. Angus would be eligible for the Society’s certificate, which is offered for breeding birds in cages (see Rules). — G. R. 14 The food of the Cuckoo. [We hope that our members will follow up this suggestion. The breeding of hybrids, systematically undertaken, would throw a flood of light on the origin of species. Unfortunately at present it is a practically unworked field, and we know but little of the ancestry of even our commonest birds. — G.R.] THE FOOD OF THE CUCKOO. (1) By J. Weir. I believe at a local museum here there is a singular error in bird-lore. I noticed a young Cuckoo being fed by some small bird, bringing it a nearly full-grown larva of the Fox Moth. I think it would be difficult to obtain the larva fully fed during the time the Cuckoo is in the nest. What bird would bring a hairy larva to feed it ? The Cuckoo is said to feed considerably on hairy caterpillars, but does its foster parent bring it such food ? Is it possible that the smaller bird does it through sheer worry, exhaustion, and desperation? I should like to go into the subject. (2) By J. H. Gurney.* “ The old Cuckoos have all left, but the young are now on migration. To-day Mr. E. T. Roberts received a well-grown bird, evidently a flier, and having the curiosity to examine its stomach, found therein on dissection a dense mass of rather long hairs, which had effectually insinuated themselves into the lining of the bird’s gizzard. There were three good-sized caterpillars in its throat, still undigested, and these resembled the larvae of the Tiger Moth or Fox Moth, both of which are very hairy, and no doubt similar larvae supplied the hairs in the gizzard. That somehow or other cater¬ pillars’ long hairs frequently find their way into the cuticle of the gizzards of Cockoos has long been known, but it must be rare to find so many as in the present case.” Reprinted from the ‘ Zoologist.’ The Avicultural Magazine. Adlard & Son & West Newman, Ltd. Hybrid Wigeon. 15 HAND-REARED v. WILD-CAUGHT BIRDS. By Allen Silver. I do not collect eggs now, but for years have continuously gone nesting. We seldom, if ever, take either eggs or young. Earlier in life I got together a good representative collection of local species, and of course reared by hand the young of many British birds. Now for reference I can examine collections, and prefer to deal with caught birds rather than have the tie of hand-rearing. The only advantage in hand-rearing is that you can retain “ pets,” but a pet bird is inclined to lose the charm of its natural contour — an attraction (at any rate to me) usually shown by a steadied wild bird. Tame birds are almost useless as show specimens. They usually act the fool and want to fight, and consequently spoil their qualities whilst being judged. I have in my possession a cock Goldfinch with a white