■■cTV'-r'Tnr:— •-

Elr.0

THE FAUNA OF BRITISH INDIA,

XtrCLTrBUfG

CEYLON AND BURMA.

puszishud undeb tsb autsositt of tse secretary of
State fob India in Gottncil.

EDITED BY W. T. BLANPOBD.

MOTHS.-Vol. II.

BY

G. F. HAMPSON.

LOND ON:
TATLOE AND PKANCIS, EED LION COUET, FLEET STEEET.

OAIOUTTA: | BOMBAY:

THAOKUB, SPINK, & CO. | THACKEE & CO., LIMITED.

BEELIN:

E. EEIEDLANDEE & BOHN, 11 CAELSTEAB8E,

1894.

LONDON SCHOOLOF TROPICAL f.1E0iCINE

NOT TO BE TAKEN AWAY.

PREFACE.

The three famiKes dealt with in the present volume, the
Arctiida, AgaristidcB, and Noctuidce, are very closely allied
and in some cases difficult to discriminate. The Arctiidce may
be distinguished from the Noctuidce by vein 8 of the hind wing
anastomosing with vein 7 to the middle of the cell, though a
few of the lower forms of the Noctuidce have a similar structure,
especially in the Sarrothripince, which are closely allied to the
Nolince, the lowest subfamily of the Arctiidce, and almost
grade into them.

The Noctuidce are a large family of Moths dominant at the
present day, and consist of several subfamilies and a very large
number of genera and species with such slight diversities of
structure and pattern as to make a satisfactory classification
of them far more difficult than of any other family. The
lowest forms are those of which the larvae have four pairs of
abdominal prolegs, and the perfect insects have vein 5 of the
hind wing fully developed and from the centre of the disco-
cellulars — ^this ancestral form being only found in some
Deltoidince and Sarroihripince.

From this type has developed, firstly the subfamilies with
vein 5 of the hind wing fully formed : (1) Deltoidince, (3) Fo-
ciUince, (3) Quadrifince, (4) Gonopterince, (5) Stictopterinee,
(6) Euteliince, (7) Sarrothripince, (8) Palindiince ; secondly,
the subfamilies which have vein 5 of the hind wing obso-
lescent: (1) Acontiince, (2) Trifince.

The other family, the Agaristidce, is a modification of the
Noctuidce, with the antennae more or less dilated towards the
extremity, and consists of a few genera with gaily coloured
species of diurnal or crepuscular habits.

LONDON^CHOOL OF TROPICAL IVIEDICINE

NOT to'Ie^takWIway.

iv

PBEPAOE.

In this volume, as in the first, Cotes and Swinhoe's Cata-
logue has been of the greatest service, and has saved all the
time and trouble that would, without its help, have been
expended on a preliminary search for references. Every
reference quoted in the present work has been verified
by the Editor from the original publication, a severe test to
apply to a book containing so large a synonymy as Cotes
and Swinhoe's.

No attempt has been made in this or in the preceding
volume to decide finally whether many of the forms
described are entitled to rank as species, varieties, geo-
graphical or seasonal forms. Much more study of
structure, and especially of the claspers of the male
insect, will be needed before similar questions can be
satisfactorily determined. The main object of the present
work is to enable students to identify and classify the
various forms, and thus to establish a workable basis for
further enquiry as to their relations to each other. With
this end in view, the plan adopted has been to unite under
one specific heading those forms having close affinities in
pattern and colour, merely noting their differences, whilst
forms having a more remote relationship receive comparative,
and those still more distantly related non-comparative,
descriptions. In the same way groups of forms nearly
allied in structure constitute sections of genera, others more
remotely related form genera, subfamilies, &c.

Two subfamilies of Noctuidee, the Focillince and Deltoidines,
are not included in this volume, but will be placed at the
commencement of the next, which will also contain the
families Bpicopiidce, Uraniidee, Epiphmidee, and Geometridee.
A considerable portion of the next or third volume is ready
for printing, and the whole will, it is hoped, be concluded
in the course of the year.

G. F. HAMPSON.

January 22nd, 1894,

SYSTEMATIC INDEX.

Page

Fam. 24 ABCTHDiE 1

Siibfam. 1. Arctnna 1

1. Spilosoma, Steph 3

1. multigiittatum, Wlk. . 3

2. sangaicum, Wlk 3

3. subfascia, Wlk 4

4. dalbergise, Moore .... 4

5. punctatiim, Moore. ... 4

6. dentilinea, Moore .... 4

7. stigmata, Moore 5

8. mona, Swinh 5

9. gopara, Moore 5

10. ummera, Swinh 6

11. bimaculatum, Moore . . 6

12. jucundum, Bittl 6

13. flavale, Moore 6

14. todanim, Moore 7

15. montanum, Gmr 7

16. strigatulum, Wlk 7

17. castaneum, Hmpsn. . . 8

18. rubilinea, Moore 8

19. erythrophleps, Hmpsn. 8

20. brunneum, Moore .... 9

21. casignetum, Koll 9

22. bifasciatum, Hmpsn. . . 9

23. comma, Wlk 10

24. lacteatum, Butl 10

25. melanopsis, Wlk 10

26. rubitinctum, Moore . . 11

27. ery throzona, A'offi 11

28. fuscipenne, Hmpsn. . . 11
2. Thyrgorina, Wlk 11

1. indica, Guer 12

2. multivittata, Moore . . 12

3. nigrifrons, Wlk 12

4. unifascia, Wlk 13

5. discalis, Mooi-e 13

6. obliquivitta, Moore . . 13

7. venosa,,Moore 13

VOL, II.

Page

8. flavens, Moore 18

9. biseriata, Moore 14

10. sordida, Moore 14

11. siklrimenais, Moore , . 14

12. eximia, Swinh 14

13. rhodophila, Wlk 16

14. melanosoma, Hmpsn. . 15

3. Arctia, Schrank ........ 15

1. suttadra, Moore 16

2. orierttalis, Moore .... 16

3. perornata, Moore .... 16

4. tibetica, Feld 17

6. parvula, Feld 17

6. ricini, Fabr 17

7. transversa, Moore. ... 18

4. Oano^jna,, Rambur 18

1. postflavida, .H»i^sn. .. 18

5. Pangora, Moore 19

1. erosa, Wlk 19

2. distorta, Moore 19

3. rubelliana, Sivinh 19

4. matherana, Moore .... 20

6. Alphsea, mk 20

1. fulvohirta, Wlk 20

2. florescens, Moore .... 21

3. imbuta, Wlk 21

4. quadriramosa, Koll. . . 21

5. tigrina, Moore 22

6. leopardina, Koll 22

7. vittata, Moore 22

8. biguttata, Wlk 23

9. nigricans, i)foo7-e 23

10. dentata, Wlk 23

11. pannosa, Moore 23

12. sipahi, Moore 24

13. obliquifascia, Hmpsn. . 24

14. tripartita, Wlk 24

15. impleta, Wlk 24

7. Areas, Wlk 24

1. galactina, V. d. Hoev. . . 25

b

vi

SYSTEMATIC INDEX.

2. imperialis, KoU 25

3. arginalis, Hvipan 26

8. Creatonotiis, Iliihn 26

1. interi'uptiis, Gmcl 26

2. moovei, Butl 27

3. collaris, Ilmpsn 27

4. iJavimargo, Ilmpsn. . . 27

5. lactineutf, Cram 27

6. negritus, Sivinh 28

7. insolatus, 8wiiih 28

8. albistriga, Wlk 28

9. emittens, WlJc 28

10. simplex, Wlk 29

11. fumipennis, Hmjisn. . . 2.)

9. Phissama, Mooj-e 29

1. trausiens, Wlk 29

10. Nicfea, Moore 30

1. long'ipeunis, Wlk 30

11. Leucopardus, limpsn 31

1. tigrinus, Hmpm 31

12. Camptoloma, Feld 31

1. hinotatwm, JSutl 32

13. 'Moored, Hmpsn 32

1. argus, Wlk 32

14. Calpenia, Moore 33

1. khasiana, Moorfl 33

2. saundersi, Moore .... 34

15. Callimoi-pha, Latr 34

1. principalis, KoU 35

2. similis, Moore 35

3. plagiata, Wlk 36

4. equitalis, Koll 36

5. nyctemevata, Moore . . 36

6. liclienigera, Feld 36

16. Axioptena, Menetr 37

1. maura, Eichio 37

17. Pelochyta, Miibn 38

1. astrea, Drury 38

Subfam. 2. Lithosiin(e 39

1. Eligma, Hiibn 43

1. narcissus, Cram 43

2. Migoplastis, Feld 44

1. correcta, Wlk 44

2. hampsoni, Sxvinh 44

3. alba, Moore 45

3. Dilemera, Huhn 45

1. avclata, Wlk. 45

2. carissimn, Swinh 46

4. Nyctemera, Kiibn 46

1. lacticinia, Cram 47

2. latistriga, Wlk._ 47

3. tripunctaria, Linn 47

4. pla^ifera, Wlk 47

5. cenis. Cram 48

6. varian.=i, Wlk 48

7. selecta, Wlk 49

8. variolosa, Feld 49

9. coleta, Cram 49

6. Secusio, Wlk 50

1. strigata, Wlk 50

6. Argina, Hiibn 60

1. argus, XoW 51

2. syringa. Cram. ..... 51

3. cribraria, Clerck 51

7. Curoba, Wlk 52

1. sangarida, Crain 52

8. Castabala, Wlk 53

1. roseata, Wlk 53

9. Tatagina, Bidl 64

1. picta, Wlk 54

10. Deiopia, Steph 64

1. pulcliella. Linn 55

2. veuusta, Hiibn 55

11. Cyana, Wlk 56

1. peregrina, Wlk 56

2. puella, Drury 67

3. amabilis, Moore 57

4. effrncta, Wlk 57

5. perornata, Wlk 57

6. bianca, Wlk 58

7. subornata, Wlk 58

8. Candida, Feld 58

9. signa, Wlk 58

10. puer, Elwes 59

11. gutlifera, Wlk 69

12. sikkimensis, Ehces. ... 59

13. divakara, il/oore .... 60

14. molleri, Eboes 60

15. detrita, Wlk 60

16. gelida, Wlk 60

17. bellissiiua, Mnore .... 61

18. cocciuea, Mooi'e 61

19. barterti, Ehces 61

20. gazella, Moore 61

21. arania, Moore 62

22. dobertyi, Elices 62

12. Kerala, Moore 62

1. punctilineata, Moore . . 62

13. Dobertya, Hmpm 63

1. cyniatopboroides,

Hmpm 63

14. Adrepsa, Moore 64

1. stilbioides, Moore .... 64

15. Agrisius, Wlk 64

1. guttivitta, Wlk 64

2. fuligiuosus, Moore. ... 65

16. Macrobrocliis,i?e)v.-&/;(7^. 65

1. gigas, Wlk 65

2. prasena, Moore 66

3. pallens, Hmpsn 66

STSTBiTATIC INDEX.

vii

FflRC

li. Sidyma, Wlk (37

1. albifinis, W/k 67

2. apicalis, Moore 67

3. beema, Moore 67

4. maculata, Moore .... 68
6. remelana, Moore .... 68
6. bipars, Moore 68

18. Mahavira, ilfoore 68

1. flavicollis, Moore .... 69

10. Gno^hria,, Steph 69

1. seviceipennis, Moore . . 69

2. albocinerea, Moore 70

3. divisa, Moore 70

4. nififrons, Moore 70

5. postfusca, Hmpsn 70

20. Paiaona, Moore 71

1. splendens, Butl. 71

2\. Vhilngvia, Eirby 71

1. entella, Cram 71

22. Cbrysfeglia, Butl. 72

1. mag^nifica, Wlk 72

2:',. CEonistis, Eilbn 7.3

1. quadra, Limi 73

24. Chrysorabdia, Butl. 73

1. Tiridata, Wlk 74

2. bivitta, Wlk 74

25. Thysanoptyx, Hmpsn 74

1. tetragona, Wlk 75

26. Ptyopterota, Hmpsn 75

1. obscura, Hmpsn 76

27. Prabhasa, Moore 76

1. venoaa, Moore 76

2. fimbriata, Hmpsn 76

3. flavicosta, Moore .... 77

4. plumbeomicans,

Hmpsn 77

5. fuscistriga, Hmpsn. . . 77

6. distorta, Moore 77

28. Lophoneura, Hmpsn. . . 78
1. uniformis, Hmpsn. . . 78

29. Litbosia, Fahr 79

1. varana, Moore 79

2. nivea, Moore 79

3. calaniaria, Moo}-e .... 79

4. antica, Wlk [ [ 79

5. fumidisca, Hmpsn 80

6. grisola, Hiibn gO

7. fiisciciba, Hmpsn 80

8. prabana, Moore 81

9. chota, Sioinh 81

10. brunnea, Moore 81

11. aiiridiia, Moore 81

12. microxantba, Hnpsn. 81

13. nigripars, Wlk 81

14. colon, Mosch/er 82

15. reticulata, Moore .... 82

16. cubitifera, Hmpsn. . . 82

17. angulifera, Felcl 82

18. obliterans, Feld 82

19. brevipennia, Wlk 82

20. punctifera, Hm^jsn. . . 83

21. conformis, TVlk 83

22. basigera, Wlk 83

23. pallida, Moore 83

24. nebecula, Moore .... 83
26. quadrisignata, J/oore. . 83

26. tortricoides, Wlk 84

27. intermixta, Wlk 84

28. nigrifrons, Moore 84

29. cucuUata, Moore 84

30. euchana, Sivinh 84

31. terminalis, Moore .... 85

32. fasciata, Moore 85

33. pallens, Moore 85

34. vagesa, Moore 85

30. Mithuna, Moore 86

1. quadriplaga, Muore . . 86

31. Teulisna, Wlk 86

1. tumida, Wlk 86

2. protuberans, Moore . . 87

3. obliquisti'ia, Hmpsn.. . 87

4. inducta, Wlk 87

5. uniplaga, Hmpsn 88

32. Nisbada, Moore 88

1. flabrifera, Moore .... 88

2. rotundipennis, Wlk. . . 88

33. Gampola, Moore 89

1. fasciata, Moore 89

2. binotata, Hmpsn 90

34. Simareea, Moore 90

1. basinota, Moore 90

35. Hemonia, Wlk 91

1. orbiferana, Wlk 91

36. ^mene, Wlk 91

1. gTisea, Hmpsn 91

2. taprobanis, Wlk 92

3. maculifascia, Moore . . 92

4. guttulosana, Wlk 92

5. nilgirica, Hmpsn 92

6. tenebrosa, Moore .... 93

7 . multipuncta, Hmpsn. . . 93

8. sagittifera, Moore .... 93

37. Oostarcba, Hmpsn 93

1. indistincta, Hmpsn. . . 94

38. Oxacme, Hmpsn 94

1. dissimilis, Hmpsn 94

39. Utriculifera, Hmpsn 94

1. fuscapex, Hmpsn 95

40. Narasodes, Moore 95

1. punctana, Wlk. ...... 95

41. Didugn, Moore 95

1 . fumipennis, Hmpsn. . . 90

12

viii

SYSTEMATIC INDEX.

2. costata, Moore 96

3. albicosta, JInipsn 96

42. Pseiidoblabes, Zdl 97

1. oophora, Zell 97

43. Garudinia, Moore 97

1. liitana, Wlk 98

44. Padeoia, Moore 98

1. transversa, Wlk 98

45. Eugoa, Wlk 99

1. bipunctata, THk 99

2. strigivenata, Hmpsn. . 99

3. roseivena, Hmpm 99

46. Anachrostis, Hmpsn 100

1. nigripuncta, Hmpsn. . . 100

2. biifasciata, Hmpsn. . . 100

3. inconstans, Moore . . 100

47. Triscbalis, Hmjjsn 101

1. flava, Hmpsn 101

2. dulcicula, Sioinh 101

48. Tropacme, Hmpsn 101

1. cupreimargo, Hmpsn. . 101

49. Notata, Hmpsn 102

1. parva, Hmpsn 102

50. Holocraspedum, Hmpsn. . 102
1. nigropimctum, Hmpsn. 102

51. Tricbogyia, Hmpsn 103

1. semifascia, Hmpsn. . . 103

52. Idopterum, Hmpsn 103

1. ovale, Hmpsn 103

2. riibrimargo, Hmpsn... 104

3. dudgeoni, Elwes .... 104

4. anomalum, Elwes .... 104

53. Scaptesyle, Wlk 104

1. ti-icolor, Wlk 104

2. bicolor, Wlk 105

54. Guru a, Swinh 105

1. indica, Moore 105

55. Nepita, Moore 105

1. conferta, Wlk 106

2. bilaris, Wlk 106

3. frigida, Wlk 107

56. Miltocbrista, Hiibn 107

1. strigivenata, jEfwpsw.. . 107

2. dentifascia, Hmj)sn. . . 108

3. unduloaa, Wlk 108

4. complicftta, Butl 108

5. proiuinens, Moore .... 109

6. semifascia, Wlk 109

7. nigralba, Hmpsn lOQ

8. multistriata, . . 109

9. parallelina, Hmpsyi. . . 110

10. linga, Moore 110

11. dellcata, Moore 110

12. palmata, Moore 110

13. maculifasciata, //wywn. 110

14. strigipeimis, Herr.-

Schiiff. Ill

15. fuscalis, Hmpsn Ill

16. suffusa, Hmpsn Ill

17. rubricosa, Moore .... Ill

18. arcuata, Moore 112

19. ila, Moore 112

20. solita, Wlk .' 112

21. magna, Hmjysn 112

22. pallida, Moore 113

23. sexpuncta, Hmpsn. . . 113

24. spilosomoides, Moore . 113

25. dharma, Moore 113

26. infumata, Feld. .... 113

27. fuscifusa, Stvinh 113

28. cylletona, Sivijih 114

29. aurantiaca, Moore .... 114

30. obliqua, Hmpsn 114

31. congerens, I'eld. .... 114

32. ruptifascia, Hmpsn. . . 114

33. floccosa, Wlk 114

34. subcervina, W'^lk 114

35. nubilalis, Hmpsn 115

36. bumilis, Wlk 115

37. varians, Hmpsn 115

38. andamana, Moore .... 115

39. coujuuctana, Wlk. . . 116

40. euprepioides, Wlk. . . 116

41. radians, Moore 116

42. zebrina, Moore 116

43. coccinea, Moore 117

44. rbodina, Herr.-ScMf. . 117

45. cuneonotata, Wlk 117

46. punieea, Moore 117

47. cruciata, Wlk 118

48. iniiexa, Moore 118

49. postnigra, Hmpsn 118

50. gi-atiosa, Gudr 118

51. delicia, Swinh 119

52. esmia, Swi?]h 119

53. flaviveuosa, 71/oore. . . . 119

54. uubifascia, IVlk 119

55. melanoleuca, Hmjjsn. . 120

56. trimacula, Hmpsn 120

57. Tricbolepis, Hmpsn 120

1. erubosceus, Hmpsn. . . 120

2. uniformis, Hmpsn. . . 121

58. Machasropbora, i/wf/w?!.. . 121
1. fulvipuncta, Hmpsn. . . 121

59. Xautbocraspeda. Hmpsn. . 121

1. marginata, Ji'lk 122

60. Thumatba, 717/.: 122

1. fuscescens, Wlk 122

61. Nudaria. Hmo 122

1. apicalis, Wlk 123

SYSTEMATIC INDEX.

ix

2. suffiisa, Ilmpsn 1:23

3. fasciatn, Moore ]23

4. margaritacea, Wlk. ... 123

5. coavestis, Hmpsn 124

6. punctata, Moore .... 124
02. PaJn3op.«is, Ilmpsn 124

1. diaphanella, i/'H?josM.. . 124
G3. Scbistophleps, Hmpm. . . 124
1. bipuucta, Ilmpsn 125

64. Chamaita, Wlk 125

1. neiiropteroides, if 125

2. nympha, Moore 126

65. Cacyparis, Wlk 126

1. insolitata, Wlk 126

2. Ifeta, Wlk 127

3. pnmifera, Sicinh 127

66. Chandica, 3Ioore 127

1. quadripeanis, Moore . . 127

Subfam. 3. Nycteolince 128

1. Sinna, Wlk 128

1. dohertyi, Elwes 129

2. Ariolica, Wlk 129

1. triangulifera, Moore . . 129

2. superba, Moore 129

3. pulchella, Mioes 130

3. Tyana, Wlk 130

1. caUicbloia, Wlk 130

2. pustulifera, Wlk 131

3. cbloroleuca, Wlk 131

4. falcata, Wlk 131

4. Halias, Treitschke 132

1. orientalis, Hmpsn 132

0. Earias, Hiihn 132

1. insidana, Boisd 133

2. fabia, Stoll 133

3. cbroinataria, Wlk 133

4. uninotata, Wlk 134

5. luteolaria, Hmpsn 134

6. Paracrama, Moore 134

1. dulcissima, Wlk 134

2. satiiiata, Wlk 135

7. Siglopbora, Bull 135

1. sanguinolcnta, Moore . 135

8. Gabala", Wlk 136

1. polyspilalis, Wlk 1.36

9. Topadesa, Moore 137

1. sanguinea, Moore .... 137

Subfam. 4. Nolince 137

1. Deltapterum, Ilmpsn 138

1. pegueuse, H^npsn 138

2. Nola, imcA 138

1. basiniicans, Hmpsn. . . 139

Page

2. fragilis, Sioinh 139

3. erythrostigmata,

Hmpsn. 139

4. deuticulata, ilfofw? . . . . HQ

5. confusalis,i?e;v.-<Sc//«jf. 140

6. grisalis, Ilmpsn 140

7. angulata, Moore 140

8. astigma, Ilmpsn 140

9. ceylonica, Hmpsn 141

10. pascua, Stfinh 141

11. tuinulifera, Hmpsn. . . 141

12. nigrifascia, Hmpsn. . . 141

13. hampsoni, Kirhy .... 141

14. lativittata, Moore. .... 142

15. major, Hmpsn. ...... 142

16. negrita, Hmpsn 142

3. Rbynchopalpus, Hmpsn. . 142

1. argentalis, Moore .... 143

2. dentatus, Hmpsn 143

3. brunellus, Hmpsn 143

4. fasciatiis, Hmpsn 144

5. cingalesa, Moore .... 144

4. Pisara, Wlk 144

1. acontioides, Wlk 144

2. lucldalis, Wlk 145

3. mfesceiis, Hmpsn 145

4. laminata, Hmpsn 145

5. argyi'ia, Hmpsn 145

6. semirufa, Hmpsn 146

5. Selca, Wlk 146

1. scripta, Moore 146

2. strigivena, Hmpsn. . . 147

3. ascripta, Hmpsn 147

4. nitida, Ilmpsn 147

5. iudistincta, Hm2}sn. . . 147

Fam. 25. AGAEisxiDiE .... 148

1. Eusemia, Dalm 149

1 . proxima, Wlk 149

2. amatiix, Westto 149

3. pulchi a, Bull 150

4. vulcania, Butl 150

5. albomai'ginata, Moore . 150

6. victrix, Westw 150

7. orientalis, Butl 151

8. deutati'ix, Westw .... 151

9. negrita, Hmps?) 15]

10. nigripennis, Butl ]5ii

11. adulatrix, Koll 152

12. niaculatrix, Westw. . . 163

13. irenea, Boisd. 153

14. latimargo, Hmpsn 153

15. fasciatrix, Westw 153

16. vetula, Hiiljn 164

X

SYSTEMATIC. INDEX,

2. Chelonomorplia, Motsch. . 154

1. uusteiii, Moore 154

Plialaeuoides, Lewin .... ] 54

1 . funebris, Moore 155

4. Zalissa, Wlk 155

1. transiens, Wlk 155

2. bala, Moore 156

3. venosa, Moore 156

4. long-ijjennis, Wllc 156

6. exigiiifascia, Ilmpsn.. . 156

6. albifascia, Wlk 157

7. uepcha, Moore ]57

8. atkiiisoni, Moore .... 157

5. yEgucera, Latr I57

1. tripartita, Kirhy .... 158

2. veuulia, Cram 158

3. bimacula, Wik 168

4. accurata, Siolnli 159

6. Mimeuseuiia, Bull 159

1. basalia, Wlk 169

2. peshwa, Moore 159

3. ceylonica, Hmpsn 160

4. albicilia, Hmpsn 160

Fam. 26. NocTuiDiE 160

Subfam. 1. Trifiim 162

1. Sphetta, Wlk 166

1. apicalis, Wlk 167

2. Glottiila, Guen 107

1. dominica, Cram 167

2. orientalis, Hmpsn 108

3. Polytela, Guen 168

1. gloriosas, Fahr 168

2. florigera, Guen 169

3. chrysospila, Wlk 169

4. Eabila, Wlk 169

1. frontalis, Wlk 170

5. Xantbia, Ochs 170

1 . albosignata, Moore . . 170

2. melonina, Bull 170

3. basalipunctata, Graeser 171

4. gilva^o, U-iper 171

5. rectilineata, Hmpsn.. . 171

6. Elwesia, Hmpsn ]71

1. diplostignia, Hmpsn.. . 172

7. Pyrrbia, Hiilm 172

1. umbra, Hiifn 172

2. cuprea, Moore 173

8. Adisura, Moore 173

1. atkinsoni, Moore .... 173

9. Ploliotbis, Ochs 174

1. aruiigern, Hiilm 174

2. peltigera, aSc/*;]^. 175

3. niibigera, He'rr.-SchiiJ. 175

4. scutosa, Schif. 175

5. trails] ueeny, Feld 17a

10. Chariclea, Cxirt 175

1. niargiiialis, Wlk 177

2. lanceolata, Wlk 177

3. decorata, Moore I77

4. bivittata, Wlk 177

6. sanguinoleiita, Moore. . 178

6. siuuata, Moore 178

7. beatrix, Moore 178

8. aureola, Wlk 179

9. uncta, iS'ivhih 179

10. irrorata, Moo)-e 179

11. bimaculata, Moore. . . . 179

12. artaxoides, Moore 179

13. dora, Sroinh 180

11. Raghuva, Moo7-e 180

1. confertissima, Wlk. . . 180

12. Agrotis, Ochs 180

1. aegetis, Schif 181

2. corticea, Sck>^. 181

3. biconica, Xo 'll. 182

4. yp&ilon, Bott 182

5. ocbracea, Wlk 182

6. olivascens, Hmpsn. . . 182

7. brevirami, Hmpsn. . . 183

8. mouticola, HmjJsn. . . 183

9. intracta, Wlk 183

10. sikliima, Moore 183

11. undulans, Moore .... 183

12. plecta, Lmn 183

13. conformis, Sivinh 184

14. cespitis, Swi'nh 184

15. tenuis, Bull 184

16. descripta, Bre7n 184

17. cerastoides, Moore. . . . 185

18. curviplena, JVlk 185

19. cerviua, Moore 180

20. albipennis, Bull. 186

21. putris, Zihn 186

22. renalis, Moore 187

23. dispalata, Sicinh 187

24. niveisparsa, Bull. .... 187

25. griseivena, Hmpsn. . . 187

26. ravida, Schif. 187

27. uiodesta, Moore 188

28. c-nigTuro, Zi7in 188

29. ditrapezium, Borkh. . . 188

30. junctura, vl/bore 189

31 . flammatra, Fal/r 189

32. triangularis, Moore . . 189

33. accipiter, Feld 189

34. proiiuba, Linn 190

35. cuprea, Moore 190

13. Anipliipyra, Ochs 190

]. monolitlia, Ch(en 191

STSTBilATIC INDEX.

Pnge

2. magna, Wlk 191

3. livida, Sckiff. 191

4. cupreipennis, Moore . . . 192

5. albicilia, Hmpsn 192

6. spectrum, Esper 192

7. himalayica, Hmpsn. . . 193

14. Epilecta, Hiibn 193

1. semiberbida, Wlk 193

15. Aucha, Wlk 193

1. velans, Wlk 194

2. nectens, Wlk 194

16. HypernaBnia, Hmpsn. . . 194

1. denticulata, Warr 194

2. atrovirens, Wlk 195

3. nigroviridis, Wlk 195

4. renalba, Moore 195

5. Tiolacea, Butl 196

6. flavicaudata, Warr. . . 196

17. Hermonassa, Wlk 196

1. consignata, Wlk 196

2. spilota, Moore 197

3. incisa, Moore 197

4. cbalybeata, Moore .... 197

5. lanoeola, Moore 197

6. sinuata, Moore 197

18. Iladena, Schrnnk 198

1. trifolii, RoU 198

2. perdentata, Hmpsn. . . 198

8. consaugiiis, Guen 199

4. nigroouprea, Moore . . 199
6. bastata, Moore 199

6. median a, Moore 200

7. elwesi, Hmpsn 200

8. dissecta, Wlk 200

9. costigera, Moore .... 200

10. incisa, Moore 201

11. simillima, Moore .... 201

12. ferrisparaa, Hmpsn. . . 201

13. nagaensis, Hmpsn. . . 201

14. poliostigma, Hmpsn.. . 201

15. brassiciE, Lam 202

16. repetita, Butl 202

17. cupriua, Moore 202

18. nigerrima, Warr 202

19. scotochlora, Koll 203

20. indica, Moore 203

21. ilavala, Moore 203

22. knyvetti, Hmpsn 203

23. albiceps, Hmpsn 203

24. mamestrina, Butl. .... 204

25. fasciculata, Hmpsn. . . 204

26. culta, Moore 204

27. pannosa, Moore 205

19. Semio])bora, We^;/* 206

1. orthosioides, Butl 205

2. ferrosticta, Hmpsn. . . 205

3. castaneipennis, Hmpsn. 206

Page

20. Bombycia, Steph 206

1. persimllis, Hmpsn. . . 206

2. leucocera, Hmpsn 207

3. meterytbra, Hmpsn. . . 207

4. riibida, Hmpsn 207

21. Euplexia, 8teph 207

1. uubilata, Hmpsn 208

2. indistans, Guen 208

3. niveiplaga, Wlk 208

4. adjuncta, Moore .... 209
6. flavistigma, Moore. . . . 209

6. opposita, Wlk 209

7. sodalis, Butl 210

8. lignea, Butl 210

9. albiflexura, Wlk 210

10. didyma, Esper iilO

11. conducta, Wlk 211

12. albomaculala, Moore. . 211

13. leucospila, Wlk 212

14. albii-ena, Moore 212

15. subcurva, Wlk 212

16. semifascia, mk 212

17. metallica, Wlk 213

18. discisignata, Moore . . 213

19. albiplaga, Hmpsn 213

20. cbalybeata, Moore. . . . 214

21. stoliczkas, Feld 214

22. melanospila, Koll 214

23. aurigera, Wlk 215

24. albinota, Moore 216

25. aui'oviridis, Moore . . 215

26. literata, Moore 216

27. calamistrata, Moore . . 216

28. aurantiaca, Hmpsn. . . 216

29. stellifera, Moore 216

30. lagenifera, Moore .... 216

31. plumbeola, Hmpsn. . . 217

32. gemmifera, Wlk 217

33. albovittata, Moore 217

34. distoi-ta, Moore 218

35. inepta, Butl 218

36. diminiita, Butl 219

37. indica, Moore 219

38. confecta, Wlk 219

39. pulcberrima, Moore . , 219

40. atrovirens, Moore .... 219

41. pardaria, Moore 220

42. venosa, Moore 220

43. confluens, Moore 220

44. mucronata, Moore .... 221

45. beterocampoides,

Hmpsn 221

40. costalis, Moore 221

47. icamba, Swinh 222

48. cyauelinea, Hmpsn. . . 222

49. pectinata, Warr 222

50. partita, Mooi'e 222

SYSTEMATIC INDEX.

61. lageuiformis, Kmpm.
52. heterocarapa, Moore .

22. Ancara, Wlh

1. obliterans, Wlk

2. leucostigma, Moore .

3. mgrogrisen, Moore .

4. harfordi, Umpsn. . . .
fl. rubra, Hmpsn

6. tbalpophiloides, Wlk.

7. calopistrioidep, Moore

8. glaucoclilora, Hmpsn.

23. Magiisa, Wlh

1. tenebro.sa, Moore . . .

24. Eiirois, Bubn

1. retraliens, Wlk

2. luteifrons, Wlk

3. decorata, Moore . . .

4. separata, Moore

5. simiilata, Moore

fi. albicostata, Hmpsn. . .

7. lubrica, Bj/tl

8. giiseimarginata,

Hmpsn

9. leucosticta, Moore . .

10. flavipicta, Hnpsti

11. fortissima, Moore . . . .

12. cbalvbeata, mk

IS. involuta, TVlk

14. virens, Butl.

25. Polia, Ocks

1. berchatra, Sivinh

2. sikliimensis, Moore . .

3. canosparsa, Hmpsn. . .

4. transversa, Moore ....
•5. endroma, Sivinh

6. dentata, Hmpsn

7. castanea, Moore

8. microsticta, Hmpsn. . .
&. griseirufa, Hmpsn

10. libasiana, Moore ....

11. junctura, Hmpsn

12. simiata, Moore

13. virescens, Hmpsn

14. gi'isea, Moore

26. Dipterygia, Ste];)h

1. nocturna, Hmpsn

2. cristifera, Hmpsn

3. sikkima, Moore

4. indica, Wlk

5. umbrifera, Untl

6. grata, Butl

27. Euscotia, Butl.

1. inextricata, Moore

28. Cuculia, Sehrank

1. albescens, Moore ....

Pnse

. 223

. 223
. 223
. 223
. 224
. 224
. 224
. 225
. 225
. 225
. 226
. 226
. 226
. 227
. 227
. 227
. 227
, 228
, 228
228
228

229

229

229

229

230

230

231

231

231

232

232

232

232

233

233

233

233

234

234

234

234

235

235

235

235

236

236

236

237

2.37

237

238

238

n ■ .,. . Pace

2. nigrifascia, Hmpsn. . . 239

3. albipennis^ Hmpsn. . . 239

4. brevipennis, Hinpsn. . . 239

5. stigmatophora, Hmpsn. 2.39

0. pullata, Moore 239

29. Acronycta, Ocks 240

1. anaadina, Butl. 240

2. paucinotata, Hmpsn. . . 240

3. aceris, Linti 241

4. sinens, Wlk 241

5. conjecturalis, Stcin/i.. . 242

6. pruinosa, G»en 242

7. dentieulata, Moore . . 242

8. nigiivitta, Hmpsn. . . 242

9. bicolor, Moore 243

1 . fasciata, itfooz-e 243

11. obliqua, 3Ioore 243

30. Corytburus, Hmpsn 244

1. noctumus, Hmjmi.. . . 244

31. Mudaria, Moore 245

1. cornifrons, Moore .... 245

32. Toxocampa, Giien 245

1. dorsigera, Wlk 246

33. Couservula, Grote 246

1. indica, Moore 246

2. V-brunneum, Guen. . . 247

34. Prodenia, Guen 247

1. littoralis, Boisd 247

2. minima, Stvin/i 248

35. Spodoptera, Gt/en 248

1. mauritia, ^o/srf. 248

36. Calogramma, Guen 249

1. festiva, Honov 249

37. Amyna, Guen 2-30

1. seleuampha, Guen. . . 2.50

2. octo, Guen 251

3. monilis, Moore 2.52

4. larentica, Hmp.m 252

38. Berresa, Wlk 252

1. turpis, Wlk 252

39. Callnpistria, ZTwiw 253

1. latreillei, Dup 253

2. strigilineata, Hmpsn. . 254

3. minuta, Butl 254

4. minor, Hmpsn 254

5. repleta, Wlk 255

6. riviilaris, Wlk 255

7. yerbiu-ii, Butl 255

8. duplicaus, Wlk 255

9. placodoides, Guen 256

10. natbiops, Butl. 256

11. indica, Butl. 256

] 2. recurvata, Moore .... 257

40. Elusa, TFlk 257

1. bipai's, Moore 257

STSTEMA'XIO ITTDEX.

XIU

2. cyathicornis, Wlk. . . 258

3. antennata, Moove 258

41. Arboricornus, Hmpan. . . 25&

1. ruber, Ilmpsn 258

42. Caradrina, Oc/is 259

1. cognata, Moore 259

2. exigiia, Siihn 259

3. Iradenii, Freyer 260

4. bremusa, Swinh 260

5. coriiacantis, Swi7ih. . . 260

6. quadripLinctata, Fabr. . 2G0

7. delecta, Moore 261

8. obtusa, Ilmpsn 261

9. sincera, Sivinh 261

10. imiformis, Sivinh 261

11. interminata, Wl7c 261

12. bicornis, Hinpm 262

13. thwaitesi, 3Ioore 262

14. transversa, Moore .... 262

15. postfusca, Hmpsn 268

16. ocbreipuncta, Hmpsn. . 263

17. iiifescens, Ilmpsn 263

18. furtiva, Sivinh 263

19. picta, Swinh 263

20. ochreimargo, Ilmpsn. . 264

21. pectinata, Ilmpsn 204

22. reclusa, Wlk 264

23. externa, WlJi 265

24. lineosa, Moore 265

25. renalis, Moore 265

26. divisa, Moore 265

27. opacaria, Sivinh 266

28. variana, Swinh 266

29. cervina, Moore 266

30. castaneipars, Moore . . 266

31. melanosticta, Ilmpsn. . 266

32. bosca, Swinh 267

33. plagiata, WlIc 267

34. fasciata, Moore 267

35. mus, Ilmpsn 268

36. indistincta, Moore 268

43. Tathorbyncbiis, Hm^js^i. . 208

1. vinctale, Wlk 268

44. I.eiicania, Ochs 269

1. decisi.ssima, Wlk 209

2. bamifera, Wlk 270

3. inframicans, Hmpsn. . . 270

4. rufistrigosa, Moore . . 270

5. 1-album, Linn 270

0. vittata, Ilmpsn 271

7. vana, Stcirih 271

8. bowra, Mowe 271

9. subsignata, Moore .... 272

10. conipta, Moore 272

1 1 . homopterana, Swinh. . . 272

12. byssiiia, Swinh 272

Page

13. abdomlnalis, Moore . . 273

14. sinuosa, Moore 273

15. denticuia, Ilmpsn 273

16. exempta, Wlk 273

17. v-album, Ilmpsn 273

18. nainica, Moore 274

19. semiusta, Ilmpsn 274

20. modesta, Moore 274

21. loreyi, Ditp 274

22. fragUis, 273

23. iinipuncta, Haw 275

24. pallidicosta, Hmpsn. . . 276

25. fraterna, Moore 276

26. angulifeva, Moore 276

27. albi-vitta-, Hmpsn 276

28. rufipennis, Hmpsn. . . 276

29. cinnamomea, Moore . . 277

30. nigrorenalis, iZ»i/wz.. . 277

31. distincta, Moo>-e 277

32. obsciira, Moore 277

33. corrugata, Ilmpsn. . . 278

34. reversa, Moore 278

35. fasciata, Moore 278

36. rufula, Ilmjjsn 278

37. nigrofasciata, Hmpsn. . 279

38. albicosta, Moore 279

39. ciirvilinea, Hmpsn. . . 279

40. venalba, Monre 279

41. polemusa, Sivinh 280

42. uniformis, Moore .... 280

43. tangala, Je/ri 280

44. irrorata, Moore 280

45. bifascia, Hmpsn 281

46. proleuca, Ilmpsn 281

47. irregularis, Wlk 281

45. Floccifera, Hmpsn 281

1. erigida, Swinh 281

46. Arcilasisa, Wlk 282

1. sobria, Wlk 282

2. plagiata, Wlk 282

47. Auchmis, Hiihn 283

1. intermedia, Brem 283

2. caslimirensis, Moore . . 284

48. Nonagria, Ochs 284

1. inferens, Wlk 284

2. confusa, Wlk 285

3. robusta, Hmpsn 285

4. submarginalis, Hmpsn. 285

5. fuscovirens, Ilmpsn. . . 285

0. chloroptera, Hmpsn. . . 285

7. conspersa, Moore .... 286

8. -pamda, Bull 280

49. Aerapex, Hmpsn 280

1. prisca, Wlk 286

2. liamulifera, Hmpsn. . . 286

3. leucophlebia, Hmpsn. . 287

xiv

SYSTEMATIC IXDEX.

Pope

50. Acutipenna, Hmpsn 287

1. acuminata, Hinj^sn. . . 287

51. Pliycidimoipha, Hmpsn. . 287
1. rosea, Hmpsn 287

52. Pliycido])3is, Hmpsn 288

1. albovittata, Hmpsn. . . 288

53. Leocyma, Gnen 288

1. serioea, Hmpsn 289

2. cvgnus, W/k 289

S. iiidicata, Wlk 289

4. biplaga, JV/k 289

5. ruaciilata, Hmpsn 290

54. Apsarasa, Moure 290

1. radians, Westiu 290

Siibfam. 2. Acontmim 291

1. Diphthera, Ochs 293

1. pulcbripicta, Wtk 293

2. malacbitis, Oberth. . . 294

3. prasinaria, Wlk 294

4. vigens, Wlk 294

5. pallida, Moore 295

0. discibruniiea, Moore . . 295

2. Perciaua, Wlk 295

1. niarmorea, Wlk 296

2. flavifusa, Hmpsn 29G

3. viridinotata, Hmpsn. . . 296

3. Bryopbila, Treilschke 296

1. literata, Moore 297

2. modesta, Moore 297

3. virescens, Hnqjsn 297

4. licbenea, Hmpisii 297

5. nilgiria, Moore 298

6. muscosa, Hmpsn 298

7. postocbrea, Hmpsn. . . 298

8. nadgani, Hmpsn 298

9. albistigma, Moore 299

10. kbasiana, Hmpsn 299

11. albipuncta, Hmpsn. . . 299

12. paUidisca, Moore 300

13. glaucescens, BM 300

14. glaucostigma, Hmpisn. 300

4. Erastria, Ochs 300

1. stygia, Butl 301

2. larentiformis, Hmpsn. . 301

3. aurata, Moore 301

4. cidarioides, Moore. . . . 302

5. decorata, Moore 302

0. glaucopis, Hmpsn 302

7. marginata, Moore .... 302

8. melanostigma, Hmjjsn. 302

5. Erastroides, Hmpsn 303

1. cnrvifascia, Ilmpsn. . . 303

2. oliviaria, Hmpsn 303

6. Iiyelopsi.9, Hmpsn 304

1. vialis, Moore 304

Page

2. signifera, Wlk 304

3. renalis, Moore .305

4. lativitta, Moore 306

5. picata, Butl 305

6. bastica, Swinh 305

7. plumbata, Butl 305

8. fraiisa, Swinh 306

9. umbrina, Hmpsn 306

10. berbaria, Sicinh 306

7. Toxopbleps, Hmpsn 306

1. optiva, Sioinh 307

2. trilatalis, Wlk 307

8. Ilyela, Steph 307

1. obliqua, Moore 307

2. erecta, Moore 308

3. ruptilascia, Hmpsn. . . 308

4. quadripartita, Wlk. . . 308

5. tegulata, Butl 308

6. nigrivittata, Warr. . . 308

9. Micardia, Butl 809

1. pulcberrima, Moore . . 309

10. Megalodes, Gnen 309

1. kasbmirensis, Hmpsn. . 309

2. denticulosa, Wlk 310

11. Taracbe, Hiibn 310

1. lucida, Hiifn 310

2. bortensis, Sioinh 311

3. iipsilon, Wlk 311

4. opalinoides, Guen 311

6. notabilis, Wlk 311

6. catena, Soiverbi/ 312

7. catenula, Wlk'. 312

8. albonotata, Htnpsn. . . 312

9. swinboei, Butl 312

10. Isaracbieusis, Stcitih. . . 313

11. olivea, Guen 313

12. olivacea, Hmpsn 313

13. binominata, Butl 313

14. tropica, Guen 314

15. basifera, Wlk 314

16. imbuta, Wlk 314

17. crocata, Guen 314

18. uubilosa, Hmpsn 315

19. fascialis, Hmpsn 315

20. sulpburalis, Benjet. . . 315

21. flavonigra, (S'^«M/^ 316

12. Xautboptera, Guen 316

1. marginata, Wlk 316

2. flavifrons, Moore .... 316

3. IwiiZicWvA, Hmpsn 317

4. argeutifrous, Bull.. . . . 317
6. triangularis, Wurr. .. 317

6. mianoides, Hmpsn. . . 317

7. opella, Sicinh 317

8. melancblajna, iSw»(/i. . . 318

9. excisa, Stcin/i 318

SYSTEMATIC INDEX.

XV

Poge

10. nigi'ipalpis, WlJi 318

11. veprecola, Swinh •"ilO

12. plebeia, Butl 319

13. spicea, Guen 319

14. magna, Swinh 320

15. nigridia, Sioinh 320

16. grisea, Hmpm 320

17. modesta, Moove 320

13. Cosmia, Odis 321

1. restituta, Wlk 321

2. affinis, Linn 321

3. transversa, Wlk 321

4. ocliracna, Hmpsn 322

14. Acontia, Ochs 322

1. malvffi, Esper 322

2. transversa, Guen 323

3. intersepta, Guen 323

4. grfellsii, Feisth 324

15. Marimatha, Wlk 324

1. siibflavalis, Wlk 324

2. xanthoptera, Hmpm. . . 324

16. Swiuhoea, Hmpsn 324

I. vegeta, Sivinh 325

17. Metachrostis, Hiihn 325

1. miasma, Hinpsn 325

2. egens, Moore 325

3. fasciata, Hmpsn 326

4. quinaria, Moore 326

5. obliquisigua, Hmpsn. . 326

6. obscura, Hmpsn 326

7. destituta, Moore 327

8. undulata, Hmpsn 327

9. conspersa, Butl 327

10. acervalis, Swinh 327

I I. incondita, Butl 328

12. hypenoides, Butl 328

13. uuduligera, Butl 328

14. rectifascla, Hmpsn. . . 328

15. transversa, Moore .... 329

16. punctigeva, Wlk 329

17. bipars, Hmpsn 329

18. bonesta, Wlk 330

19. itwarra, Swinh 330

20. badia, Sioi7ili 330

21. vennta, Butl 380

22. mallarba, Swinh 330

23. ubercisa, Swinh 330

24. puUa, Swinh 331

25. fusca. Hmpsn 331

20. arenacea, Hmpsn 331

27. separata, Wlk 331

28. divisa, Hmpsn 331

29. aeniialba, Hmpsn 332

30. trigona, Hmpsn 332

31. brunnea, Hmpsn 332

Page

32. excisa, Hmpsn 332

33. eniarginata, Hmjmi. . . 333

18. Naranga, Moore 333

1. diffusa, IVlk 333

2. curvifera, Wlk 334

3. albistriga, Hmpsn 334

19. Riviila, Gum 334

1. bioculalis, Moore 334

2. basalis, Hmp)sn 335

3. renalis, Moore 335

4. biatomea, Moore 335

5. ochracea, Moore .... 336

20. Tathodelta, Hmpsn 336

1 . pui-purascens, Hmpsn. . 336

21. Cingalesa, Hmpsn 336

1. strigicosta, Hmpsn. . . 337

22. Pachylepis, Feld 337

1. dilectissima, Wlk 337

2. dicycla, Wlk 338

23. Eublenama, Hiibn 338

1. buUa, Sivitih 338

2. pulchra, Stoinh 339

3. amabilis, Moore .... 339

4. virgLnea, Guen 339

5. polygramma, Diip. . . 339

6. acontioides, Moore. . . . 339

7. futilis, Sivinh 340

8. rosita, Guen 340

9. roseana, Moore 340

10. rivula, Moore 341

11. parva, Hiibn 341

12. alhida, Moore 341

13. bifasciata, Moore .... 341

14. cretacea, Hmpisn 341

15. divisa, ATooj-e 341

16. bemirlioda, Wlk 342

17. oHvacea, Wlk 342

18. obscura, Moore 342

19. abrupta, Wlk 342

20. angulifera, Moore .... 343

21. duplexa, Moore 343

22. quadrapex, Hmpsn. . . 343

23. trifasciata, Moore .... 343

24. Troctoptera, Hmpjsn 344

1. erubescens, Hmpsn. . . 344

25. Zagira, Wlk 344

1. irrecta, Wlk 345

2. divisa, Wlk 345

3. lunifera, Monre 345

4. longipalpis, Wlk 346

5. reticulata, Moore .... 346

6. multiguttata, Moore . . 340

7. contentaria, Wlk 346

8. acidaliaria, Wlk 347

xvi

SYSTEMATIC INDEX.

Poge

26. Corgatha, Wlk 347

1. rubra, IIni2)sn 347

2. zonalis, Wlk 347

3. costinotalis, Moore . . 347

4. excisa, Hm27sn 348

5. falcatalis, Hmpsn 348

27. Oruza, Wlk 348

1. pyraliformis, Moore . . 348

2. ruptifascia, Moore .... 349

3. fratercula, Moore 349

4. albicosta, Hjnpsn 349

5. fasciosa, Moore 350

(3. anisodoides, Hinpsn. . . 350

7. lycaugesaria, Sioinh. . . 350

8. costata, Wlk 350

9. pallescens, Hmpsn. . . 350

28. Pseudacidalia, Hmpsn. . . 351

1. albicosta, Moore .... 351

2. uudiilata, Hmpsn 361

29. Micrffiscbus, Butl 351

1. elatarius, Wlk 352

2. roseUus, Hiiyjsn 3o2

3. oblatai'iiis, Wlk 362

4. regulatus, Wlk 353

6. minutus, Hmps7i 353

6. I'oseiis, Hmpsn 353

7. ustipenDis, Hmpsn. . . 353

8. gemmifer, Hmpsn 353

Siibfam. 3. Palindiinm .... 353

1. Dinumma, Wlk 354

1. placens, Wlk 855

2. deponens, Wlk 355

2. Callyna, Guen 355

1. siderea, Guen 356

2. monoleuca, Wlk 366

3. jugaria, Wlk 356

4. my&tica, Wlk 357

5. costiplaga, Moore .... 357

6. picta, Moore 357

3. Kamadasa, Moore 357

1. pavo, mk 357

2. hieroglyphica, Moore . 368

4. Westermannia, H'dbn 358

1. superba, Hubn 359

2. argentea, Hmpsn 359

3. triangularis, Monre . . 359

4. cornucopia, Hmpsn. . . 359

5. Nagasena, Moore 300

1. .albescens, Moore .... 360

2. dentilinealis, Moore . . 360

3. trapezata, Moore .... 3G0
C. Bryophilopsis, Hmpsn 361

1. griseata, Hmpsn 361

Page

7. Brevipecten, Hmpsn 3(il

1. captatus, Butl 361

2. lunifer, Hmpsn 362

8. Doranaga, Moore 362

1. straniinea, Hmpsn. . . 3G2

2. leucospila, Wlk 362

9. Pterogonia, Swinli 362

1. episcopalis, Sicinh 368

2. striatura, Moore 3()3

3. niibes, Hmpsn 363

10. Ilomodes, Guen 364

1 . crorea, Guen 364

2. vivida, Guen 364

Siibfam. 4. Sarrothripince . . 365

1. Triorbis, .Bjn/jsw 366

1. annulata, Sioinh 366

2. Gadirtba, Wlk 367

1. inexacta, W7/c 367

3. Ariola, Wlk 367

1. cojlisigna, Wlk 368

4. Nolasena, Wlk 368

1. ferriferveus, Wlk 368

5. Plotbeia, Wlk 368

1. decrescens, Wlk 369

2. celtis, Moore 370

3. a3ue8cens, Moore .... 370

4. strigifera, Moore .... 370

5. rabdota, Hmpmi 371

6. metaspilella, Wlk 371

6. Hybb-ea, i^«6r 371

1. puera. Cram 371

2. constellata, Guen 372

3. bypocyanea, Swinh. . . 372

4. firmamentura, Guen. . . 373

7. Aracbnognatba, Hmpsn . . 373
1. nieterythra, Hmpsn. . . 373

8. Labanda, Wlk 374

1. fasciata, Wlk 374

2. griseiuigra, Hmpsn. . . 374

3. satm-alis, Wlk 375

4. cbloromelln, Wlk 376

5. berbealis, Wlk 375

0. seniipars, Wlk 376

7. orbicularis, Wlk 375

9. Cbluuietia, Wlk 376

1 . transversa, Wlk 376

2. alternans, Moore .... 376

10. Barasa, Wlk 376

1. acronvctoides, Tllk. . . 377

11. Bleninn,"!!'//,- 377

1. donaus, Wlk 377

2. accipiens, Wlk 378

3. licbenosa, Moore .... 378

SYSTEMATIC INDEX.

XVU

Page

4. quinnria, Moore 379

5, angulipenuis, Moore . . 379

12. Cletthai'ina, Hmpsn 379

1. nitens, Hmpsn ; 379

13. Argyrothripa, Hmpsn. . . 380

1. lilacina, Moore 380

2. oi-bifera, Hmpsn 380

3. occulta, Swinh 381

4. xanthosticta, Hmpsn. . 381

5. grisea, Hmpsn 381

6. pallescens, Hmpsn .... 381

7. robusta, Moore 381

8. niveidisoa, Hmpsn. . . 382

14. Neothripa, Hmjisn 382

1 . pimctistigraa, Hmpsn. . 382

2. glaucescens, Hmpsn. . . 382

15. Hypothripa, Hmpsn 383

1. curiosa, Sioinh 383

2. cana, Hmpsn ^83

16. Clettharra, Wlk 383

1. valida, Wlh 384

2. albonotata, Hmpsn. . . 384

3. basalis, Moore 384

4. variegata, Hmpsn 384

5. tortricoides, Wlk 385

6. vitea, Sicinh 385

7. nigridisca, Hmpsn. . . 385

8. sceptica, Swinh 385

9. apicalis, Hmpsn 386

10. punctata, Swinh 386

11. triangularis, -Ef7/yjs?z. . . 386

12. Bsnea, Sivinh 386

13. lioccifera, Hmpsn 386

17. Sarrotbripa, Curt 387

1. sinuosa, Moore 387

2. fasciosa, -Mooye 387

3. indicatana, Wlk 387

4. nolalella, Wlk 388

Subfam. 5. EuteliincB 388

1. Ingura, Guen 388

1. subapicalis, Wlk 389

2. cristatrix, Guen 389

2. Anuga, Guen 389

1. constricta, Guen 390

2. lunidata, Moore 390

3. Eutelia, Huhn 390

1. delatrix, Guen 391

2. deleta, Hmpsn 392

3. cinctipalpis, Wlk 392

4. albice])S, Hmpsn 392

5. obscura, Moore 392

0. luediifascia, Hmpsn. . . 393

7. albomaculata, Hmpsn. 393

8. jocosatrix, Gium 393

9. maculata, Dutl 393

Pope

10. nugatrix, Guen 394

11. lulvipicta, Hmpsn. . . 394

12. apicii'ascia, Hmpsn. . . 394

13. inextricata, Moore .... 395

14. excitan.s, Butl 395

15. didcilinea, Wlk 395

16. discistriga, Wlk 396

17. favillatrix, Wlk 396

Subfam. 6. Stictopterince ....

1. Maceda, Wlk

1. mansueta, Wlk

2. Cymatopboropsis, Hmps7i.
1 . sinuata, Moore

3. Eisoba, Moore

1. repugnans, Wlk

2. obstructa, Moore . . . .

3. diversipennis, Wlk. . .

4. literata, Moore

5. variegata, Moore . . . .

4. Odontodes, Guen

1. aleuca, Guen

5. Stictoptera, Guen

1. cucullioides, Guen. . .

2. striata, Hmpsn

8. describens, Wlk

4. denticulata, WlJc. . . . .

5. trajiciens, Wlk

6. illucida, Wlk

7. albodentata, Moore .

8. anthyalus, Sioinh. . . .

9. costata, Moore

6. Sadarsa, Moore

1. tenuis, Moore

2. longipeunis, Moore .

7. Gyi'toua, Wlk

1. bylusalis, Wlk

2. plumbeifascia, Hmpsn.
8. pusilla, Moore

4. dorsalis, Wlk

5. exsicca, Sioinh

6. lapidaria, Wlk

396

397
.397
397
397
398
398
398
399
399
399
400
400
400
401
402
402
402
, 402
, 403
. 403
, 403
. 403
. 404
, 404
. 404
. 404
. 405
,. 405
. 405
. 406
. 406
. 406

Subfam. 7. Gonoptertnec .... 406

1. Cosmopbila, Boisd 408

1. niesogona, Wlk 408

2. sabulifera, Guen 409

3. triliueata, Moore 409

4. fulvida, Guen 409

5. lineo.sa, Wlk 410

0. borstit'ldii, Guen 410

7. sinuosa, Moore 410

8. erosa, Hiibii 41 1

9. prccedons, TF/A: 411

10. iasciosa, Moore 411

XVIU

SYSTEMATIC INDEX.

2. Pseudogonitls, Rmpsn. . .

1 . bnimiea, 3Ioore

2. latimaro:o, Wlk

3. Ossonoba, Wlk

1. torpida, Wlk

4. Artbisnm, Moore

1. scissiiralis, Moore ....

5. Falana, Moore

1 . sordida, Moore

6. Oxygouitis, Hmpsn

1. sericeata, Hmpsn

7. Goniocraspidiim, Ilnipmi. .
1. eiinomoide, Hmpfti. . .

8. Cletbropbora, Ihnpsn. . .
1. distiucta, Leech

9. Churia, Moore

1. arcuata, Wlk

2. ocellata, Bidl

3. maculata, Moore . . . .

4. nigriaigna, Moore . . . .

15. lilacina, Hmpsn

G. discisigna, Hmpsn. . .

10. Oapotena, Wlk

1. truucata, Wlk

2. apriformis, Wlk

11. Pseudelydna, Hmpsn. . .

1. nifoliava, Wlk

2. dluvna, Sioinh

12. Tympanistes, Moore

1. rubidorsalis, ikfooz-e .,

2. paUidus, Moore

3. testaceus, Monre

13. Carea, Wlk

1. subtilis, Wlk

2. cbloTOstigma, Hmpsn.

3. varipes, Wlk

4. nitida, Hmnsn

6. purpurea, Hmpsn. . . .

6. obsoleacens, Moore .

7. fasciata, Moore

8. costiplaga, Swinh. . . ■

9. fuseomarginata,

Hmpsn • • • •

10. albopurpurea, Swinh. .

14. Ptyonota, Hmpsn

1. t'ormosa, Jf"VW». ...

10. Tortriciforma, Hmpsn. .
1. viridipuncta, Hjnpsn.

16. Tinosoma, Hmpsn

1. byperytbrura, Hmpsn

2. mirab'ile, Swinh

3. bilinea, Sioinh

17. Gelastocera, Bntl

1. castanea, Moore

18. Beara, Wlk. ........ ■

1. dicbromelln, Wlk. . .

Page
412

412
412
413
413
413
414
414
414
415
415
416
416
416
416
417
417
418
418
418
418
418
419
419
419
420
420
420
420
421
421
421
, 421
422
'. 422
. 423
. 423
. 423
. 423
. 424
. 424

Subfam. 8. Quadrijina

428

. 424
. 424
. 424
. 425
. 425
. 425
. 426
. 426
. 426
. 426
. 427
. 427
. 427
. 428

1. Oetola, Wlk 434

1. dentata, Wlk 434

2. Moma, Hiibn 435

1. cbampa, Moore 435

2. entoxantba, Hmpsn. . . 435

3. Trisuloides, JJutl 436

1. iufausta, Wlk 436

2. variegata, Moore .... 436

3. sericea, Bull 436

4. lutei fascia, Swiah 437

5. crerulea, Butl 437

4. Trisula, itfoore 437

1. variegata, Moore .... 438

2. boarmoides, Wlk 438

5. Catocala, Schrank 439

1. raina, Moore 439

2. patala, i^eW 439

3. flavescens, Hmpsn. . . 440

4. nympbtea, Hsper 440

6. distorta, Bntl 441

6. proliHca, Wlk 441

7. uupta, Linn 441

8. sponsalis, Wlk 442

9. concubia, Wlk 442

10. nivea, Bud • • 442

6. Pborica, Wlk 443

1. phasipennis, Wlk 443

7. Batraobarta, Wlk 443

1. obliqua, Wlk 444

2. irorrata, Hmpsn 444

8. Erygia, Guen 444

1. apioalis, Guen 445

2. reflectifascia, Hmpsn. . 445

9. Sypna, Guen 446

1 . omicrouigera, Guen. . . 446

2. coelisparsa, Wlk 446

3. constellata, i¥"o)'e 447

4. tenebrosa, Bull 447

5. punctosa, Wlk.

6. marginalis, Hmpsn.

447
448

caliginosa, IVlk 448

448
449

8. cyauivitta, Moore

9. curvilinea, Moore

10. albilinea, Wlk 449

11. rectilinea, Moore 449

12. pulcbra, Bull 4^

13. catocaloides, Moore . . 460

14. repUcata, J-f/rf 450

16. paunosa, Moore 45i

Erclieia, Wlk fl]

1. cvUaria, Cram 4oi

11. llypocala, ffuc" ^OJ

1. subsatura, Guen 45d

2. deaorata, Fabr 453

10,

SYSTEMATIC INDEX.

xix

Page

3. moorei, Bntl 454

4. violacea, Bntl 454

5. biarcuata, Wlk 4-54

fi. lativitta, 3Ioore 454

12. Pterocyclophora, Empsn. . 454
1. pictimargo, Hmpsii. . . 455

13. Anisoneura, Gueii 455

1. bypocyanea, Giien. . . 456

2. salebrosa, Guen 457

14. Spiredonia, Hiibn 457

1. anops, (jfuen 45/

2. alix, Guen 458

H. feducia, Stall 458

15. Nyctipao, Hiilm 458

I. macrops, Linn 459

2. hieroglypbica, Brury . 459

3. caprimulgus, Fabr 460

4. strigipennis, Moore . . 460

5. crepnscularis, Linn. . . 461

6. gemmnns, Guen 461

7. albicincta, TColl 461

8. glaucopis, Wlk 461

16. Hylodes, Guen. 462

1. caranea, Cravi 462

2. drylla, Guen 463

17. Agonista, Royenhoff .... 463

1. hypoleuca, Guen 463

2. endoleuca, Guen 464

3. reducens, Wlk 464

18. Polydesma, Boixd 465

1. mundata, Wlk 465

2. albicola, Wlk 466

3. tarbata, Wlk 466

4. sublimit, Feld 466

6. quenavadi, Guen 466

6. fasciata, Moore 467

7. catenata, Moore 467

8. vetusta, Wlk 467

9. costimacula, Guen. , . 468

10. umbricola, Boisd 468

11. otiosa, Guen 468

12. apissa, Guen 469

13. prfecedens, Wlk 469

14. metaspila, Wlk 469

15. rectivitta, Moore .... 469

16. inangulata, Guen 470

17. tetraspila, Wlk 471

18. capacior, Wlk 471

19. biformi.'i, Wlk 471

20. eurychlora, Wlk 471

21. catocalina, Moore .... 472

22. ornata, Moore 472

23. tboracica, Moore .... 472

24. striatovirens, Monre . . 472

25. lichenoides, Hmpsn. . . 473

26. terminigera, Wlk 473

Page

27. relinqiienda, Wlk 473

28. connnutatida, Wcirr. . . 473

29. lindsayi, Hmpsn 474

19. Homopte'ra, Boisd 474

1. umbrina, Guen 474

2. glaucinans, Guen 475

3. albidens, Wlk 476

4. vinosa, Hmpsn 476

20. Panilla, Moore 476

1. dispila, Wlk 476

2. albopunctata, Wlk. . . 477

21. Melipotis, Hiibn 477

1. atrosignata, Wlk 477

2. cashmirensis, Hmpsn. . 478

3. fulviceps, Hmpsn 478

22. Gnamptogyia, Hmjjsn. . . 478
1 . multilineata, Hmpsn. . 479

23. liyncestia, Wlk 479

1. ampbix, Ci-am 479

2. unilinea, Sioinh 479

24. Gnamptonvx, Htnpsn. . . 480
1. vilis, B'^lk 480

25. Pseudophia, Guen 480

1. beneuotata, Warr 480

2. indecisa, Wlk 481

3. devia, Sioinh 481

4. infrequens, Sioinh 481

26. Catephia, OcUs 481

1. liateola, Guen 482

2. flavescens, Biitl 482

3. acronyctoides, Guen.. . 482

4. dulcistriga, Wlk 488

6. dipbtheroides, Moore . 483

6. thricopbora, Hmpsn. . . 483

7. perdicipeniiis, Moore . . 484

8. inquieta, Wlk 484

9. dentif'era, Moore .... 484

27. Mosara, Wlk 485

1. apicalis, Wlk 485

28. Arete, Koll 485

1. crerulea, Guen 486

2. polygrapba, Koll 487

3. taprobana, Moore .... 487

4. modesta, VanderHoev. 487

29. Cyclodes, Guen 487

1. omma, Van der Hoev. . 488

30. Mitbila, Moore 488

1. licbenosa, Moore .... 489

31. Coarica, Moore 489

1. fasciata, Moore 489

32. Spbingomorpba, Gum. . . 490
1. cblorea. Cram 490

33. Lacera, Guen 491

1. alope, Cram 491

34. Brana, Wlk 492

1. calopasa, Wlk 492

XX

BTSTEJliTlC INDEX.

Piige

35. Chrysopera, Ilmpsn 498

1. combinans, Wlk 493

3(3. Ophiusa, Hiihn 493

1. gravata, Guen 494

2. mezeutia, Cram 494

3. melicerte, Drurxj 494

4. serva, Fubr 495

6. illibata, Fahr 495

6. circumsignata, Guen. . 49o

7. palumba, Guen 496

8. rigidistria, Guen 496

9. certior, WUc 496

10. clotata, Fall- 496

11. submira, Wlk 497

12. adusta, 3Iooi-e 497

13. cuprea, Moore 497

14. indistincta, Moore 497

15. mejanesi, Guen 498

16. absentimacula, Guen. 498

17. duplex, Moore 498

18. acuta, Moore 498

19. maturesceus, Wlk. . . 499

20. arcuata, Moore 499

21. maturata, Wlk 499

22. renalis, Hmpsn 499

23. joviana, Crcun 499

24. simillima, Gueti 500

25. algira, Linn 500

26. arctotsenia, Guen 501

27. mirabilis, Stand 601

28. conficiens, Wlk 601

29. analis, Guen 501

30. crameri, Moore 501

31. amygdalis, Moore 502

32. onelia, Guen 502

33. coronata, Fabr 602

34. diseriminans, Wlk. . . 503
36. indiscriminata, Ilmpsn. 603

36. tirrbaca, Cram 503

37. bonesta, Hiibn 504

38. fulvotaenia, Gtien 504

39. trapezium, Guen. . . . . 504

40. tripbsenoides, Wlk. . . 505

37. Lagoptera, Guen 505

1. JUDO, Bahn 506

38. Iso'ura, Hmj}sn 506

1. fuscLcoUis, Sidl. 506

39. flypffitra, Guen 607

1. noctuoides, Guen 607

2. includens, Wlk 507

3. curvifera, Wlk 607

4. bubo, Huhn 508

6. lemigioidos, Guen. . . 508
G. apicalis, Moore ^OS

7. cimplens, Wlk 609

Page

40. Anereutbina, Tliilm 509

1. lilacb, Guen 510

2. xantboptera, Hmpsn. 610

41. SeiTodes, Guen 510

1. inara. Cram 510

42. Doidura, Moore 511

1 . alieua, Wlk 511

43. Delgauima, Moore 512

1. pangonia, Guen 612

44. Sympis, Guen 612

1. I'utibasis, Guen 613

46. Baniana, Wlk 513

1. semilugena, Wlk 513

2. conjugata, Moore .... 514

3. polyspila, Wlk 514

4. diviilsa, Wlk 515

6. intorta, Sivinh 615

6. lunifera, Hmpsn 615

7. insulata, Wlk 616

46. Borsippa, Wlk 516

1. quadrilineata, Wlk. .. 516

2. pallens, Moore 517

3. lutosa, Swinh 517

4. sejuncta, Wlk 518

5. bypenoides, Moore . . 518

6. megastigmata, Hmpsn. 518

47. Plecoptera, Gue7i 518

1. reflesa, Gt(en 619

2. resistens, Wlk 619

3. luteiceps, Wlk 620

4. erica, Sminh 620

48. Acantbolipes, Led 620

1. circumdatus, Wlk. . . 520

2. trajectiis, Wlk 521

3. bypenoides, Moore . . 521

4. fasciatus, Hmpsn 621

5. similis, Moore 521

6. notatus, Hmpsn 622

7. inscitius, Sicinh 522

8. miser, Butl 522

9. fasciosus, 3Ioore 622

10. dissimilis, Moore .... 522

11. trifasciatus, Moore . . 623

12. lagusaUs, Wlk 523

13. obeditalis, Wlk 523

14. gemma, Stcinh 624

16. plumipai-s, Hmpsn. . . 524

16. pansalis, Wlk 624

17. fuscicosta, Hmpsn. . . 524

18. bilineatus, Hmjisn. . . 525

49. Remigia, Guen 525

1. discios, A'o// 625

2. laxa, Wlk 625

3. archesia, Cram 526

4. frugalis, Fabr 627

SYSTEMATIC INDiiX.

XXI

Page

•50. Trigonodes, Ouen 527

1. hyppaaia, Cram 527

2. cepkise, Cram 528

3. disjuncta, Moore 528

4. regalis, Moore 528

5. ino, Drury 529

6. teti-aspila, Wlk 529

51. Fodina, Guen 529

1. oriolus, Guen 529

2. pallula, Gwera 530

3. stola, Guen 530

4. cuneigera, Butl 530

5. juncta, Hmpsn 530

52. Grammodes, Guen 531

1. mygdon, Cram 631

2. geometrica, Fabr 531

3. stoUda, 532

53. Entomogramma, Guen. . . 532

1. f autrix, Guen 532

2. mediocre, Wlk 532

3. tortum, Guen 533

54. Tliermesia, Hiibn 533

1. rubricans, Boisd 534

2. sut(C03talis, Wlh 534

3. enervis, Swink 534

4. oblita, Moore 535

5. arefacta, Sioinh 535

6. obliqua, Moore 535

7. rQelanocephala,flm/Jsrj. 535

8. medioriifa, Hmpsn. . . 536

9. creberrima, Wlk 536

10. rivulosa, Wlk 536

11. otopbora, Hmpsn 536

12. bohnoides, Guen 537

55. Iscbyja, Hiibn 537

1. manlia, Cram 537

2. scblegelii, Snell 538

56. Platyja, Hiibn 539

1. umminea, Cram 539

2. exviola, Hmpsn 540

3. torsilinea, Guen 540

4. ciacula, Swinh 540

67. lontba, Doubleday 541

1. umbrina, Doicbleday . . 541

68. Crithote, Wlk 541

1. horridipes, Wlk 542

69. Harmatelia, Moore 542

1. basalis, Moore 542

60. Episparis, Wlk 543

1. tortuoaalis, Moore .... 543

2. variaUa, Wlk 543

3. aora, Swinh 544

61. Clatema, Wlk 544

1. cydonia, Cram 544

62. Amphigonia, Guen 545

1. nepatizaus, Guen 545

TOL. n.

Pago

63. Bematha, Wlk 546

1. extenaa, Wlk 546

64. Oxyodes, Guen 546

1. scrobiculata, Fabr. , , 546

65. Hamodea, Guen 547

1. aurantiaca, Guen 547

2. unilinea, Swinh 648

3. ocbracea, Stoinh 648

4. nigriricta, Swinh 549

66. Pleurona, Wlk 549

1. perbamata, Hmpsn. . . 549

2. falcata, Wlk 550

67. Lycimna, Wlk 550

1. polymeaata, Wlk 550

68. Homffia, Guen 551

1. clathrum, Guen 551

69. Ommatopbora, Guen 551

1. luminoaa, Cram 552

70. Spirama, Guen 552

1. retorta, Cram 553

2. vespertilio, Fabr 554

3. pudens, Wlk 555

4. unistrigata, Guen 555

71. Miniodes, Choen 556

1. ornata, Moore 556

72. Pbyllodea, Boisd 557

1. iiatulata, Westw 557

2. eyndbovii, Voll 557

3. conaobrina, Westw . . . 558

73. OpHderes, Boisd 558

1. aalaminia, Fabr 559

2. ancilla, Cra^n 559

3. fullonica, Linn 560

4. materna, Linn 561

5. aurantia, Moore 562

6. tyrannua, Guen 562

7. bypermnestra, Cram. 562

8. cocalus, Cram 563

9. discrepans, Wlk 563

74. Oalpe, Treitschke 563

1. opbideroides, Guen. . . 564

2. bicolor, Moore 564

3. fasciata, Moore 564

4. orthograpta, Butl. . . 564

5. emarginata, Fabr 564

6. rectiatria, Guen 565

7. provocana, Wlk 565

8. minuticornia, Guen. . . 565

9. indecisa, Moore 566

76. Pseudocalpe, Hmpsn. . . 566

1. angulifera, Moore .... 566

2. vagabunda, Swinh. . , 567

76. Arsacia, Wlk 567

1. aaturatalia, Wlk 567

77. Pluaia, Ochs 567

1. limbirena, Ouen 568

c

XXll

STSTBMATIO INDEX.

Page

2. Jessica, BM 568

3. furcifera, Wlk 568

4. signato, Fabr 568

5. nigriluna, Wlk 569

6. eriosoma, Douhl 569

7. nigrisigna, W[k 570

8. ni, mibn 570

9. purpureofusa, Hmpsn. 570

10. obtusisigna, Wlk 570

11. gutta, Guen 571

12. circumflexa, Linn. . . 571

13. permissa, Wlk 571

14. dauLei, Soisd 572

15. lobifera, Moore 572

16. pyropia, Sutl 572

17. oruatissima, Wlk 572

18. pannosa, Moore 573

19. ochreata, Wlk 573

20. impulsa, Wlk 673

21. oricbalcea, Fabr 573

22. hebetata, Bull 574

23. agramma, Gtien 574

24. fracta, Wlk 574

25. tetragona, Wlk 574

26. modesta, Hiibn 575

Page

27. oxygramma, Hiibn. . . 575

28. anavgyi-a, Ouen 575

29. lectula, Wlk 576

30. sBneofusa, Swinli 576

31. crassipalpus, Swinh. . . 576

78. Abrostola, Oc/is 577

1. anopliioides, Moore . . 577

79. Plusiodonta, Guen 577

1. coelonota, Koll 577

80. TinoUus, Wlk 578

1. eburneigutta, Wlk. . . 578

2. quadrimaculatiis, Wlk. 579

3. nvpsana, Swinh 579

81. Calesia, Guen 579

1. hsemorrhoa, Gicen. . . 579

2. rufipalpis, Wlk 580

3. pbseosoma, Hmpsn. . . 580

4. satellitia, Moore 580

5. roseiceps, Hmpsn 580

6. dasyptera, Koll 680

7. fuscicorpus, Hmpsn. . . 581

8. flabellif era, Moore 581

9. fasciculosa, Wlk 581

10. gastropacboides, Guen. 582

1

Family AECTIID^.

A family of moths mostly of nocturnal or crepuscular habits
and with narrow elongate fore wings, or in some genera with
short broiid wings ; whilst Nyctemera and its allies are diurnal and

Pig. 1. — Larva ot Philagria entella. \. (Prom Hmpsn. III. Het. ix,
pi. 175, fig. 8.)

have ample wings. Palpi usually short and porrect. Frenulum
present. Fore wing with vein 1 a separate from 1 6 ; 1 c absent.
Hind wing with veins 1 a and 1 h present ; 1 c absent ; vein 8 arising
from 7 generally at or beyond the middle of the cell.

Larva with all the prolegs present, clothed with hairs, and
forming a cocoon.

Key to the Subfamilies.

a. Thorax and abdomen stoutly built 1. Arctiinoe.

b. Thorax and abdomen slender.

a'. Fore wing without tufts or lines of raised
scales.

a". Fore wing not produced at apex 2. Litlwsiince.

b". Fore wing slightly produced at apex . . 3. Nycteolince.
b'. Fore wing with tufts or lines of raised

scales 4. Nolinoe.

Subfamily ARCTIINiE.

A thickly-built section of the Arctiidce comprising the "Ermine"
and "Tiger" moths and their allies. Proboscis often absent or
very minute. The retinaculum of the male consists of a strong
bar from the costal nervure of fore wing instead of the usual tuft
of hair, and by this character those species which approach the
Noctuidm in the structure of vein 8 of the hind wing can be dis-
criminated. The legs are usually smooth and the spurs minute.

Larva with five pairs of prologs and clothed with very long hair,
which it spins into the cocoon.

VOL. II. B

4

Key to the Genera.

Fore wing with veins 7, 8, 9, 10 stalked.
a Fore wing witli Tein 11 quite separate

a^ liiud wing with vems 3 and 4 trom
cell. „
«^ Hind wing with -veins 6 and / trom

cell. . „

a*. Hind tibioe with two pairs ot
spurs.

a\ Fore wing rather long and
narrow.

a". Palpi extending slightly be-
yond the iTons.
a'. Wings covered with well-
formed scales.
a". Fore wing with the
outer margin some-

what erect 1- Spilosoma, p. <5.

J'. Fore wing with the
outer margin obliquely

rounded • 6. AiPHiEA, p. 20.

b''. Wings clothed with hair-
like scales and slightly

diaphanous 2. Thtegobina, p. 11.

6". Palpi not extending beyond
the frons.
a'. Head clothed with long

hair 4. OcNOGYNA, p 18.

b'. Head smoothly scaled . . 5. Pangoha, p. U.
c". Palpi extending far beyond

the frons ... 7. Areas, p. 24

6'. Fore wing short and broad . . 3. Abctia, p. IS.
fc". Hind tibiae with one pair of spurs.

foot "'"'''''^^^ ^'^'"""^ 8. CnEATONOTUS, p. 26.

b\ Pal^i'eitoemeiy minute' 9. Phissama, p. 29.
J\ Hind wing with veins 6 and 7
stalked.

a". Hind wing with the inner margin . „ on

nearly straigl^t .• 10. NiC^A, p. 30.

i''. Hind wing with the inner margin „ qi

very short and rounded 12. Camptoloma ^ 31.

b\ Hind wing with veins 3 and 4 stalked. 11. Leucopabdds, p. ^i-
b'. Fore wing with vein 11 almost or quite
touching 10.

a\ Hind wing with veins 6 and ^ from ^^^^^^^^^ ^

b\ Hind wing v^ithveinVe and 7 stalked. 14. Calpenia, p. 33.

b. Fore wing with vein 9 arising from 10 and p.,„„m,pHA V 34.

anastomosing with 8 to form an areole . 15. Caelimobpha, p. 04.

c. Fore wing with vein 10 arising from the

wing broad and ample m ^l^n^^-J^^^

b'. Fore wing nan-ow ' ' "

SPILOSOMA.

3

Genus SPILOSOMA.

Spilosoma, Steph. III. Brit. Ent., Haust. ii, p. 74 (1829).
Alpeniis, Wlk. Cat. iii, p. 686 (1865).
Spilarctia, Bidl. Cist. Ent. ii, p. 3i) (1875).
Challa, Moore, P. Z. S. 1879, p. 398.

Type, S. luhricipedum, Linn., from Europe.

R'lnge. Nearctic, Palfearctic, and Oriental regions.

Palpi short, porrect, and fringed with hair. Antennas bipec-
tinate in male, serrate in female. Mid tibijE with a terminal pair of
minute spurs ; hind tibiae with two pairs. Eore wing rather long
and narrow ; veins .3, 4, 5 from angle of cell ; 6 from upper angle ;
7, 8, 9, 10 stalked. Hind wiug with veins 3, 4, 5 from angle of
cell; 6 and 7 from upper angle; 8 from middle of cell. Female
with an abdominal tuft sometimes developed.

A. Abdomen yellow in both sexes.

1159. Spilosoma multig^uttatum, Wlk. Cat. iii, p. 657 ; Butl III.
Het. vii, pi, lu8, fig". 9 (larva) ; C. S. no, 8^5,
Deiopeia spilosomoicles, Wlk. Cat. xxxi, p, 263 ; Butl. HI. Het. v,

pi, 85, fig, 7 ; C.^S. no, 826.
Deiopeia pardalina, Wlk. Cat. xxxi, p. 263 ; C. ^ S. no. 747.

c? . Head and thorax yellowish white, the collar, tegulse, and
thorax spotted with black ; abdomen yellow, with dorsal and
lateral series of black spots. Eore wing while, with numerous
black spots forming eight ill-defined series. Hind wing yellow,
with an obsolescent series of submarginal black spots; some
specimens with some apical spots.

$ . The spots of the thorax and fore wing larger ; hind wing
with an antemedial maculate band showing through from the
underside, a large spot at end of cell ; some very irregularly
placed spots on the postmedial area and also on the outer margin
below the apex ; a bifid spot at anal angle.

Larva pale green blotched and streaked with white, with sparse
black and white hairs ; a dorsal series of tufts of brown hair on a
broad band of black specks.

Hah. Kulu ; A'epal ; Sikhim. Exp., ^ 40, § 60 millim.

1160. Spilosoma sangaicum, mk. Cat. xxxi, p. 294 ; C. 8f S. no. 759 a.

Head and thorax pure white; abdomen with the basal and
terminal segments white ; the medial segments orange-yellow,
with dorsal, lateral, and ventral series of black spots. Wings
pure white ; fore wing sparsely spotted with black or quite un-
marked. Femora of fore legs yellow.

Hub. Japan; China; Murree. Exp., ^ 38, $ 46 millim.

b2

4

AECTIID^.

1161. SpiloSOllia subfascia, Wlk. Cni!. iii, p. 678 ; Moore, Lep. Ceyl.
ii, pi. 107, tigs. 3, 3 a ; C. (Sf S. no. 846.

c? . Head and thorax pale buffi ; palpi black ; tegulse each with
a black spot ; abdomen orange, with dorsal and lateral series of
black spots. Legs black, fringed with pale hairs. Pore wing pale
buff, with a blaclc spot at base, three on costa, one in cell, and a
speck at its up])er angle; an oblique series of spols from the apex
to middle of inner margin ; two spots on the outer margin below
the apex. Hind wing paler; the inner area clothed with orange
scales ; some conjoined black spots towards anal angle and some
at apex.

5 with the oblique band of spots of the fore wing almost
absent and also those on outer margin below the apex. Hind
wing without orange hairs on the inner area ; all the spots
obsolete except two near anal angle. Abdomen with a large
ochreous anal tuft.

Hab. Ceylon. d 44, ? 60 millim.

1162. Spilosoma dalbergise, Moore, P. Z. S. 1888, p 394 ; Bull. III.

Het. vii, p. 28, pi. 122, fig. 2 ; C. ^ S. no. 830 a

Differs from subfascia in the coxa and femur of each fore leg being
crimson ; tegulae without black spots ; thorax with a black stripe
on vertex. Pore wing fleshy bufl', without the black spots on the
costa and in the cell ; the oblique band consisting of paired specks
on each side of the veins from the lower angle of cell to inner
margin ; a submarginal series of specks on each side of the veins
from apex to vein 3. Hind wing pale, with a black spot at end
of cell and one submarginal spot towards apex and four towards
anal angle.

Hab. Kangra ; Sikhim ; Khasis ; Nagas. Exp. 48-52 millim.

1163. Spilosoma punctatum, Moore, Cat. E. I. Co. p. 355 ; C.^S.
Spilarctia unif ormis, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 39 ; C. ^- S. no. 849.

Differs from subfascia in not having the black spots on the
tegulfe ; underside "of fore wing with the oblique band forkmg
towards the costa in specimens which have the markings well

developed. 'n o A<i

Bab. Sikhim; Nagas ; Burma; Java. Exp., 6 <3^, V 4»

millim.

1164. Spilosoma dentilinea, Moore, P. Z. S. 1872, p. 573 ; C. 5.

no. 831.

c? Differs from imnctatum in having a short black streak on
vertex of thorax. Femora crimson. Fore wing w'hite with a
black speck at base ; an antemodial angulated series of spots ; two
at end of cell; a curved postmedial series; a submargmai series

SPILOSOMA,

5

forming dentate marks towards costa and not reaching onter angle.
Hind wing slightly suffused with crimson; a black spot at end of
cell and slight submarginal specks.
Hab. Sikhim. Exp. 42 millim.

1165. Spilosoma stigmata, Moore, P. Z. S. 1865, p. 809 ; C. ^ S.
no. 845.

cJ . Differs from dalhergim in having the fore femora orange ;
the frons black ; the dorsal spots of abdomen often almost obsolete.
Fore wing yellowish buff ; a subbasal series of spots, the one in
the cell elongate (this series may, howe\ er, be almost obsolete) ;

Fig. 2. — -Spilosoma stigmata, . |.

a medial series of single spots angled at lower extreoiity of cell;
the submarginal double specks more prominent. Hind wing
without the spot at end of cell. The abdomen is sometimes more
or less tinged with crimson above.

Mab. Sikhim ; Nagas. Exp. 42-46 millim.

1166. Spilosoma mona, Swinh. P. Z. S. 1885, p. 295, pi. 20, figs. 3, 4 ;

C. ^- & no. 757.

5 . Differs from dalhergice in having the coxae and femora of
each pair of legs striped with crimson ; vertex of thorax \^'ithout
the dark stripe. Fore wing with a spot at base ; antemedial and
postmedial maculate bands, the latter excurved beyond the end of
cell ; a submarginal series of specks on each side of the veins
from costa to vein 3. Hind wing with a spot at end of cell ; a
postmedial band of small spots and submarginal series of large
ones. Underside strongly marked with black showing through to
the upperside. The spots on fore and hind wing may be much
reduced ; whilst one specimen has the whole cell of the hind wing
tilled in with black.

JIab. Mahableshwar. Kvp, 48-52 millim.

1167. Spilosoma gopara, Moore, Cat. E. I. Co. p. 356, pi. ^a, fig. 11 ;

c. iif >s. no. ays.

2 . Head and thorax buff without markings ; abdomen orange,
with dorsal and lateral series of black spots. Fore wing buff, with
a black spot at base ; the antemedial series represented by a spot

S AEOTIID^.

on costa and two above iBiior marf^in ; a spot at upper angle of
cell; a postmedial series of specks on each side of the veins,
obsolete beyond the end of cell ; a subniarginal series of double
specks. Hind wing orauge-yellow, the cell aud inner area more
or less suffused with black ; a submarginal series of spots, those
towards anal angle largest.

Hab. Sikhim. Kvjy. 58 millim.

1168. Spilosoma ummera, Stoinh. P. Z. S. 1889, p. 405, pi. 43, fig. 1.

$. Bright buff; thorax with a black spot just behind the
collar; abdomen pale orange, with dorsal and lateral series of small
black spots. Fore wing witb a spot at base ; traces of submar-
ginal specks on each side of the veins. Hind wing yellow, with a
spot at end of cell and two towards anal angle-

Bab. Bassein, Burma. Exj}. 40 millim.

1169. Spilosoma bimaculatum, Moore, P. Z. S. 1879, p. 398 ; C. S,- S.

Cbdia quadvimaculata, Moore, P. Z. S. 1888, p. 395 ; Butl. III.
Het. vii. pi. 122, tig. 9 ; C. ^- S. do. 855 a.

J . Head, thorax, and abdomen bright oclireous, the last with
indistinct black lateral specks. Wings bright ochreous ; fore
M ing with a black spot at upper angle of ceU ; hind wing in the
form quadrimaculatum with a fuscous spot at upper angle of cell.

Hab. Paiampur, Punjab. Exp. 30-36 miUim.

1170. Spilosoma jucxindiim, Butl. III. Bet. v, p. 32, pi. 85, fig. 11 ;

C. ^ S. no. 838.

rf Head and thorax pale buff; abdomen ochreous, white at
base 'and extremity; a lateral series of black spots. Jore ^^^ng
pale buff; a series of black specks from the costa beyond the
middle, joined at vein 5 by a series of pan-ed streaks from the apex
on each side of the veins and thence continued as a band to centie
of inner margin. Hind wing white.

Hab. Sikhim. E.vp. 44 milhm.

1171. Spilosoma flavale, Moore, P. Z. S. 1865, p. 809; C. ^ S.

no. 834.

Head, thorax, and abdomen bright orange, the l^^^^'f ^^J^^^^^^
and lateral series bf spots (in some specunens the dors ^ senes is
wanting). Pore wing bright orange ; m . ^^P^™
marked, others with a complete series of grey ^P"^; t^^/.^ Jl^J^^
to cent;e of inner margin, and an inconvplete ^^nes outside ti^^^^^^
or any intermediate stage may exist, ^md wing wlute ^.lt^^^^^^
dark speck at end of cell and a more or less incomplete sub
marginal series of spots.

Hab. Sikhim. Exp- 42 millim.

SPILOSOMA.

V

B. Abdomen of male crimson, of female orange.
1172. SpUosoma todarum, Moore, P. Z. S. 1872, p. 574 ; C. Sr S. no. 848.

cj Head and thorax browuish buff or brown; palpi and
antennas black, the latter with the shaft tipped with white;
abdomen clothed with pale crimson hair ; dorsal and lateral series
of small black spots, i'ore wing brownish buff or brown, a black
spot at base; the antemedial series represented by a spot on the
costa and speck above vein 1 ; a speck at upper angle of cell; a
postmedial shghtly carved fuscous band with a more or less com-
plete series of double specks on each side of the veins ; a similar
submarginal series from the costa to vein '6. Hmd wmg yellowish
or brownish buff, the inner area clothed with crimson hair ; a
black spot at upper angle of cell. Tore and hind femora crimson.

5 . Head, thorax, and fore wing whitish buff, the last with the
markings mostly obsolete; abdomen orange, the anal tuft pale.
Hind wing yellowish white, without crimson hairs on inner area.
Some specimens have a prominent black maculate submarginal
band on underside of both wings, showing through on the upper-
side.

Hab. Nilgiri plateau. Ex^., 6 50, ? 60 millim.

C. Abdomen crimson in both sexes.

a. Male with branches of antenna long.

1173. Spilosoma montanum, Guer. Voy. Deless. p. 92, pi. 26, fig. 3 ;
C. ^ S. no. 783.
Spilosoma suft'usa, WlJc. Cat. iii, p. 677 ; C. ^ S. no. 847.

Differs from todarum in the palpi having the basal joint crimson ;
the shaft of antennas not tipped with white ; thorax with a bkckish
stripe on vertex: abdomen with the dorsal and _ lateral series of
spots prominent. I'ore wing yellowish brown ; in one specimen
suffused with crimson ; the antemedial series only represented by
a spot above vein 2 ; the postmedial band much more excurved,
the spots composing it often conjoined ; an indisthict maculate
band between it and the submarginal band. Hind wing crimson
or buff ; a more or less complete submarginal series of spots, and
spot at end of cell.

2 . Browner, with the black markings of both wings more
prominent.

JIab. Punjab ; Nilgiri plateau. iJr^J., 6 46, ? 54 millim.

1174. Spilosoma strigatulum, WlJc Cat. iii, p. 01.3 ; Moore, Lep.
E. 1. Co pi. 10, lig. n (larva;.
Spilosoma riibescens, Wtk. Cat. iii. p. 077 ; C. l^- S. no. 759.

AntenncE almost white ; head and thorax ochreous ; palpi black ;
femora crimson ; abdomen crimson, with dorsal and lateral series

8

ABOTIIBjB.

of black spots. Pore wing brownish or reddish oehreous, with a
basal Hack speck ; an antemedial series of specks ; postmedial and
siibmarginal series of double specks; a marginal series. Hiud
wing crimson, with a spot at end of cell and a submarginal series
of spots which often coalesce into a complete band.

In the female the markings of the fore wing may be totally
obsolete.

Larva back, with tufts of pale ferruginous hair, the lateral
tufts long.

Mab. Moulmein; Penang; Java; Borneo. Exp., d 42, 5
52 mUhm.

b. Male iviih branches of antennce short.

1175. Spilosoma castaneum, Hmpsn. 111. Het. is, p. 79, pi. 158, figs.
26, 27.

S . Head and thorax brown ; the basal joint of palpi, the femora,
and the pectus crimson. Abdomen crimson above and below ; the
dorsal and lateral series of spots small. Pore wing brown, with
the basal spot, the antemedial series, the spot at end of cell, and
those on costa above it weU developed ; the postmedial series
taking the form of large, extremely irregular blotches; cilia black.
Hiud wing uniform black.

5 . Head and fore wing red-brown ; the last with a black spot
at base ; a pair of antemedial spots on each side of vein 1 ; a
postmedial curved series from vein 4 to inner margin ; "ha red-
brown. Hind wing crimson, with a black spot at end of cell and
submarginal series of large spots.

Hah. Ceylon. Exp., 6 40, ? 50 millim.

1176. Spilosoma rubilinea, Moore, P. Z. S. 1866, p. 810 ; C. S,- S.
SpUosofa discinigra, Moore, P. Z. S. 1865, p. 810 ; C. ^- S. no. 832.

Differs from montanum in the thorax having a black spot on
vertex. Pore wing yellowish brown, with the biack spo s obso-
lete ■ the bands incUstinct and with a crimson tinge ; the antemedial
band highly angulate ; the postmedial band not so much excurved
Hind wing veilowish brown: the inner area shghtly tinged with
Simson; f black spot at end of cell and postmedial curved black

^""in the form discinigra the base of the hind wing is suffused with
black; one specimenias the wings wholly sidfi.ed - J fuscous.
Hah. Sikhim; Shillong ; Burma. Exp., 6 50, ? ob miUim.

1177. Spilosoma erythrophleps, n. sp.

cJ . Head, thorax, and abdomen reddish orange ; palpi and frons
bla?k; colla; and teguho with, paired black spots; omen with
dorsal black bands and patch on termuial segment, iore v. nig

SPItOSOMA.

9

orange, the veins scarlet ; numerous black spots ia the interspaces ;
a black streak from base through the cell to near outer margin.
Hind vviug pale ochreous ; medial and postmedial maculate black
bauds conjoiued into a large patch in cell ; a marginal series of
spots with one inside it on vein 5.

Eah. Naga Hills, 6000 feet {Doherty). Exp. 52 millim.

*1178. Spilosoma brunneuin, Moore, P. Z. S. 1872, p. 574; C. ^ S.
no. 828.

5 . Head and thorax pale reddish brown ; abdomen crimson,
with dorsal and lateral series of spots. Fore wing pale red-brown,
with a black speck at base below the costa; an autemedial series
of spots ; a spot at end of cell ; a postmedial band angled beyond
end of cell ; a submarginal series of spots double in places. Hind
wing uniform pale red-brown.

Hab. Bombay. .Erj>. 48 millim.

1179. Spilosoma casignetum, Koll. Hug. Kasch. iv, p. 469 ; C. ^ S.

no. 829.

Spilarctia eonfusa, Butl. Cist. Ent. ii, p. 42 ; id. 111. Het. v. pi. 85,

fig. 13 ; C. c5- S. no. 830.
Spilarctia bowqua, Butl. III. Het. vii, p. 28, pi. 122, fig. 3.
Spilarctia nydia, Butl. Cist. Ent. ii, p. 41 ; id. III. Het. v, p. 32,

pi. 85, fig. 12 ; C. ^- S. no. 840.
Spilarctia sagittif era, Moore, P. Z. S. 1 888, p. 394 ; C.^S.no. 843 a.
Spilarctia howra, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 40 ; C.S^ S. no 836.
Spilosoma sangiiinalis, Moore, P. Z. S. 1865, p. 810 ; C. Sf S.

no. 7(30.

Head, thorax, and fore wing ochreous; the dorsal spots on
abdomen often obsolete. Fore wing ochreous with an antemedial
series of specks, any or all of which may be absent ; postmedial
and submarginal series of double specks on each side of the veins,
but often almost obsolete, the postmedial series curved. Hind
wing ochreous, often more or less suffused with crimson ; a spot
at end of cell and submarginal series of spots, which are often
absent except those towards anal angle.

The form confusum is whitish or pinkish ochreous, with the
markings slightly developed ; in a female from Sikbim which
apparently belongs to this form the abdomen is orange. Howqua
has the postmedial spot of the fore wing and submarginal series of
hind wing prominent. A male from Dalhousie has the head and
thorax black.

Hab. Himalayas, from Kangra to Sikbim ; Assam ; Nagas ;
Manipur ; Calcutta ; Bombay ; Nilgiris ; Burma. Kvjy. 40-46
millim.

1180. Spilosoma bifasoiatum, Ilmpsn. Bl. Het. viii, p. 55, pi. 140,

fig. 21.

cf . Head and thorax dirty white ; abdomen with the dorsal and

10

ABOTlIDiE.

lateral spots prominent. Pore wing dirty white, with the spots at
base and end of cell and the ante- and postmedial series promineni
the last slightly curved; the submarginal series obsolescent. Hmd
wino- wholly suffused with crimson ; the spot at end ot cell large ;
traces of some submarginal spots. Underside with the basal area
and cell of fore wing suffused with black and with two postmetlial
bands.

Jdab. Nilgiris. Jlt^'- 46 millim.

1181. Spilosoma comma, Wlk. Cat. vii, p. 1703 ; C. S,- S. no. 814

Spilosoma abdomiualis, Moore, Cat. E. 1. Co. p. 3.5G ; Butl. III. Het.
\, pi. 85, fig. y ; C..5-*-iio.827.

J Head and thorax yellowish white ; palpi crimson, the ter-
minal ioint black ; pectus with a crimson tinge ; a black mark oii
shoulders ; femora crimson ; abdomen with the dorsal and lateral
spots prominent. Wings yellowish white ; fore wing with black
ante- and postmedi.al spots on the costa ; an elongate black sti^ak
on centre of inner margin sending spurs into the interno-medinu
interspace from each of its extremities. ^ , • ,

$ . l<ore wing without the postmedial spot on the costa ; hind
wing with a spot at end of cell.

Eab. N.W. Himalayas. Exp., d 50, $ 58 millim.

1182 Spilosoma lacteatum, Bntl. III. Het. v, p. 31, pi. 85, fig. 10, and
Yii, pi. 138, iig-. 2 (larva) ; C. ^ S. no. 839.

J. Head and thorax pale ochreous ; palpi, frons, arid pectus
black ; fore femora crimson; thorax with a black streak on the vertex
Pore wing pale ochreous ; a black subbasal spot below the medi n
ne vure;l curved band of small spots from the apex to centre
o? inne; margin, the spots on inner margin and between veins
2 and 3 taking the form of long streaks ; "^^ .^f ^

specks from veins 3 to 5. Hind wmg white, with a black sub
marginal spot towards apex and tl^^ee towards anal angle.

2 with the abdominal segments fringed with white and a large

"tif bkck,"with segmental tufts of black and dirty white hairs ;
the head and a dorsal tuft of hair on anal segment red-bro«n.
Mab. Dharmsdla; Sikhim. Exj,., 6 52, ? 60 milhm.

1183. Spilosoma melanopsis, Wlk. Cat. xxxi, p. 280; Moore, Lep.
Ceyl. ii, pi. 108, fig-. 2 ; C. S. no 811.
Aloa callisoma, Feld. lieis. Nov. pi. 101, fig. -i-

Head and thorax ochreous; frons black; P^^P^ ?!;"^^5;idltn
above ; paired black spots on the shoulders tegul^^;;^
crimson above, whitish below, with a dorea and ^^^°J^'^^^ '^J^^^^
series of black spots; thorax below and temora c">";°";
wing ochreous ; a fuscous oblique band trom the cosU bejond the

SPILOSOMA. — THTEGOErNA.

11

middle to centre of inner margin. Hind wing ochreous ; the
inner area suii'used with crimson. Cilia of both wings white.
Hah. Ceylon. Exjr,., d 5G, ? 78 millim.

1184. Spilosoma ruhitinctum, Moore, P. Z. S. 1865, -p. 809 ; C. 4- S.

no. 843.

Icambosida punctiliuea, Moore, Lep. Afk. p. 40 ; C. S,- S. no. 860.

Head and thorax pale orange ; palpi black fringed with crimson ;
antennoe with the shaft whitish ; some crimson on pectus ; abdo-
men crimson, the dorsal and lateral spots small. Eore wing
crimson, shading off to orange outwardly ; an oblique band from
vein 5 to centre of inner margin. Hind wing white ; a black spot-
at end of cell and a submarginal series of two subapical spots and
three towards anal angle.

The iovm punctili lien is very pale.

Hab. Sikhim. Kvp., 6 44, $ 56 millim.

1185. Spilosoma erythrozona, Koll. Mig. Kasch. iv, p. 468; C. S,- S.

no. 8:i3.

Spilosoma coguata, Wlk. Char. Undescr. Het. p. 11 (1869).

Head and thorax white ; abdomen crimson above with black
bauds ; white below, with two series of black spots. Wings white,
some specimens with traces of a spot at end of cell and sub-
marginal spots to both wings.

Hub. JM . VV . Himalayas ; Kashmir. Exp., S 40, $ 46 millim.

D. Abdomen broivn ; antennce serrate in male.

1186. Spilosoma fuscipenne, d. sp.

cJ . Head, thorax, and abdomen pale reddish brown ; abdomen
with black dorsal and lateral specks. Fore wing dark fuscou.s
brown, with indistinct ante- and postmedial black lines, the latter
slightly angled at lower end of cell. Hind wing pale fuscous.
Femora of fore and hind legs crimson on the outside.

Hab. Simla {Harford). Exp. 48 millim. Type in B. M.

Genus THYEGOEINA.

Tlivrgorina, Wlk. Cat. xxxi, p. 317 (1864).
Eciilida, Wlh. Cat. xxxii, p. :\8Q (1865).
Icambosida, Wlk. Cut. xxxii, p. 400.
Andala, Wlk. Cat. iii, p. 774 (ISflo), prreocc.
Carbisa, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 41 (1879).

Type, T. indica, Guen.

lianr/e. Himalayas ; Bombay ; Nilgiris ; Burma.

Palpi short, porrect, and hairy. Antenna} of male with the
branches longer than in typical Spilosoma ; thorax and abdomen
of slighter build ; mid tibia) with one pair of spurs, hind tibiae

12 aiictiid;e.

witli two pairs. Wings sparsely covered with hair-like scales and
slighrty diaphiinous; the venation as in Spilosoma; fore wing
rather' long and narrow. Pemale with an abdominal tuft.

A. Abdomen yellow above.

1 187 ThvTffOrina indica, GuSr. Voy. Delcsa. p. 93 ; C. &■ S. no. 8P>7.
' ThNTooriua spilosomata, Wlk. Cat. xxxi, p. 318 ; C. Sr & no. 770.
Eciilida subjecta, Wlk. Cat xxxii, p. 387 ; C Sr S. no. 10/0.

Head and thorax white ; palpi black ; frons and shoulders pale
yellow ; abdomen yellow, mth dorsal and
lateral series of black spots. Wings
white, in some specimens with a creamy
tinge. Fore wing with the basal half of
costa black; traces of a subbasal series
of spots; a medial curved series and
postmedial series angled outwards at
Pi 3 lower end of cell ; a submarginal series.

Thyrgorina indica, t- Hind wing with a spot at end of cell

and submarginal series of black spots,

those towards anal angle large. .

Some spechnens have entirely lost the markmgs on the wmgs,
all the intergrades between them and the well-marked forms being

Bombay; Nilgiris. E.xp., 6 32, ? 42 milHm.

1188. Thyrgorina multivittata, Moore, P. Z. S. 1865, p. 808 ; C. S,- S.
no. 768.

Differs from indica in the first band of the fore wing being
antemedial and much more angled ; the postmedial band also much
more angled and joined by an oblique series of spo s from the
apex ; the submarginal series confined to the area between veins

^ As'^ in indica, the markings on the wings may be entirely
obsolete. In the well-marked males the shoulders are reddish
orange and black, the pectus and frons black ; whilst in the pale
forms the whole shoidder and pectus are yellow, and the palpi
frioTecl with yellow, the frons white. In the female there is no
Yellow on shoulders or pectus.

Hah. Murree; Punjab; Sikhim ; Nagas; Burma. E.i^., 6 <i<3,

5 42 millim.

1189 Thyrgorina nigrifrons, Wlk. Cat. xxxii, p. 401 ; Sutl. HI. Met.
v:pL85,lig.3l C'.^.S.no.862.

^ Differs from multivittata in the head, thorax, and abdomen
beiit' clothed with longer hair ; palpi, frons, fore legs, and abdomen
IZI ZI, collar orange-yellow; abdomen yellow above, the
basal and terminal segments white ; wings uumarkea.

0 Trons white ; a large pale anal tiitt.

M>. Sikhim. Kvp., 6 38, 5 48 milhm.

THTRGOBINA.

13

1190. Thyrgorina unifascia, TVlk. Cat. iii,p. 774; Butl. III. Het. vii,

pi. 138, tig. 11 (larva) ; C. ^ S. no. 772.
Alphioa vaiia, Wlk. Cat. xxxi, p. 297 ; C. Sf S. no. 861.

cJ . Head and thorax white ; palpi black ; collar and teguloe with
small black spots ; abdomen yellow, with short dorsal bauds, a
large patch on terminal segment, and lateral series of spots. Fore
wing white, with three black spots near the base ; an antemedial
series of spots ; a medial angulated broad black band with irregular
edges ; indistinct postmedial, snbmarginal, and marginal series of
spots, those on the costa large. Hind wing with a spot at end of
cell and a snbmarginal series.

$ . The abdomen and hind wing smoky white in some specimens.

Larva black, with tufts of white hair ; dorsal and paired sub-
dorsal series of segmental white spots.

Hah. Mussooree ; Kangra. Exp., S 39, 5 50 mUlim.

1191. Thyrgorina discalis, Moore, P. Z. S. 1879, p. 399, pi. 32, fig. 7 ;

C. S. no. 855.

J . Oehreous ; abdomen orange, with dorsal and lateral series
oE black spots. Fore wing with a black spot at end of cell and
traces of fuscous spots forming antemedial and medial bands.
Hind wing with an indistinct spot at end of cell.

Hah. N.W. Himalayas. Exp. 3'0 millim.

1192. Thyrgorina obliquivitta, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 40, pi. 2, fig. 26 ;

C. if S. no. 841.

Head and thorax pale oehreous ; abdomen orange, with lateral
series of black spots. Fore wing pale oehreous, with an oblique
series of black conjoined spots from apex to centre of inner margin.
Hind wing white.

Hnb. Sikhim; Manipur. Exp., (S 36, $ 54 millim.

1193. Thyrgorina venosa, Muore, Lev. Atk. p. 41, pi. 11, fig. 10;

C. ^- 8. DO. 864.

S . Head, thorax, and abdomen oehreous, the last with narrow
dorsal black bands or spots. Fore wing brownish oehreous, the
veins whitish ; cilia oehreous. Hind wing pale oehreous, with a
very indistinct submargiiuil band.

Another specimen has the ground-colour of the wings smoky
black, the veins and cilia of fore wing yellow. Another form has
the wings whoUy black, with a yellow spot on the costa above the
end of cell of fore wing.

Hah. Sikhim. Exp. 36 millim.

1194. Thyrgorina flavens, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 39; C. S{ S. no. 824.

Oehreous; abdomen orange, with dorsal and lateral series of
black spots. Fore wing with a wide black medial band of six

]4 AUCTIID^.

spots, the two spots in the cell long and extending to just beyond
it; apostmedial band of nine spots excnrved round the end ot
cell; two submarginal spots between veins 4 and 6. Hind wmg
with a spot at end of cell ; a maculate band beyond the cell from
the costa to vein 3 ; a submarginal maculate band interrupted

between veins 3 and 4. . , ^ s c • ^ nil

Some specimens lose the snbmargmal spots of fore wmg and all

the markings of hind wing except the spots near anal angle.
Hah. Sikhira ; Khasis. Exp. 42 milhm.

B. Abdomen crimson or ficrij red above.

1195. Thyrgorina biseriata, Moore, P. Z. S. 1877, p. 596 ; C. ^- S.
no. 823.

9 Head and thorax reddish ochreous ; collar fringed with
crimson; abdomen crimson, with series of black dorsal aud lateral
snots Eore wing reddish ochreous ; two black spots at base ; a
medial baud of six spots; two spols at eiul of celh a postmedia
band of nine spots excurved round end of cell. Hind wmg dull
crimson ; a black spot at end of cell, one near base of inner margin
and one at anal angle.

■ Bab. S. Andaman Island. Exj>. 38 milhrn.

1196. Thyrgorina sordida, Moore, P. Z. S. 1865, p. 808 ; C. S; S.
no. 844.

^ Head and thorax pale reddish brown ; abdomen crimson,
with 'slight dorsal and lateral series of black spots. Wings pale
7ed-brown : fore wing with traces of antemed.al and postmedia
curved lines and a mark on discocellulars ; hind wing with spots
at end of cell and some submarginal spots.

Eab. Bikhim. Exp. 36 miUim.

1197 Thyrgorina sikkimensis, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 39, pi. 2, fig. 12;
C. ^ 8. no. 809.

0 Head and thorax pale ochreous brown ; abdomen pale
crimson with dorsal and lateral series of black spot^ ; the hrst
Sment b own, the terminal segments and anal tuft ochreous
S wing ochreous brown, the veins paler, with traces of a med al
obTque band. Hind wing fuscous, with an indistuict pale sub-

marginal band.

This may be the female of T. sordida.
Bob. Sikhim. Exp. 46 millim.

1198. Thyrgorina eximia, Sioinh. Tram. Ent. Soc. 1891, p. 137, pi. viii,

THYnGORlNA. — AROTIA.

15

medial band and submarginal series of spots. Hind winp: with a
spot at end of cell and a submarginal series of spots, those towards
anal angle largest, the middle spot minute.
Hah. Canara. Exp. 30 millim.

1199. Thyrgorina rhodopMla, Wlk. Cat. xxxi,p. 294; Butl. 111. Set.

V, pi. 85, iisr. 4 ; C. h. no. 769.
Spilosoaia rubidorsa, Moore, P. Z. S. 1865, p. 808.
Icauibosida dorssalis, Moore, P. Z. S. 1888, p. 394; C. ^ S.

no. 861 A.

J . Differs from mvltiviitata in the shoulder and pectus being
crimson; palpi fringed with crimson; abdomen bright crimson.
Wings pure white. Pore wing with only the oblique maculate
band from the apex to inner margin and the submarginal spots
between veins 3 and 5. Hind wing with the spot at end of cell
and submarginal series obsolescent.

5 . The basal and terminal segments of abdomen pure white ;
the medial crimson segments with a prominent dorsal series of
black spots.

Larva. Head red-brown ; dorsal area dark brown, with a series
of white streaks on the vertex ; lateral area pale brown, with pale
streaks and tufts of long hair arising from yellow papillae.

Bab. N.W. Himalayas ; Sikhim ; Nagas ; Manipur. Exp. 42
millim.

C. Abdomen hlacTc.

1200. Thyrgorina melanosoma, n. sp.

Differs from indica in the abdomen being black ringed with
white, the basal segment clothed with white hair, the others slightly
fringed with white ; anal tuft ochreous. Wings with hardly a
trace of markings.

Bab. Kulu ((?. Young) ; Sikhim {Mdller) ; Khasis (Elwes).
Exp. 46 millim. Type in coll. Elwes.

Genus AECTIA.

Arctia, Schranh, Fauna Boica, ii, p. 152 (1802),
Eiiprepia, Oc/w. Eur. Schmett. iii, p. 299 (1810).
Alope, Wlk. Cat. iii, p. 619 (1855).
Gonerda, Moore, P. Z. S. 1879, p. 395.

Type, A. villica, Linn., from Europe.

Range. N. America ; Palaearctic region ; Himalayas ; through-
out India and Ceylon ; Assam.

Palpi porrect, reaching beyond the frons, the first two joints
fringed with hair. Ant.enn33 bipectinated in male, the branches
short, swollen at extremity, and with a terminal bristle, serrate in
female. Legs hairy ; bind tibiai with two pairs of spurs. Eore
wing rather short and broad. Venation as in Sjnlosoma.

AECTIIDiE.

1201. Arctia suttadra, Monre, P Z. & 1879, p. 395 ; C. ^ S. no. 753.
Avctia cajiila, Stand. Ent. Mo. May. xxn, p. 2o8.
^ Head and thorax pale red-brown, slightly marked with
.cari;t and whL; abdomen crimson, with short dorsal black
bant aid latlral s^ots. Fore wing red-brown ; two wh.te spots

Fig. 4. — Arctia suttadra, .
on basal part of costa and two in i-^^^'-.f ^^^^f^X^^

outer angle; two ^^W^^^l^P^^^ J^^^^^^^^

r^^Si:!:^ o.er

"xt markings o£ the fore wing may be weU developed or much

reduced.

0 with white streaks on thorax.

A variety has the hind wing yellow

Hab. N.W. Himalayas. d '^'^^ ? millim.

1202. Arctia orientalis, Moore, A. M. K H- (5) i, 1878, P- 230;
C. if S. no. 751.

Head and thora.
domen scarlet, with short ^o-al b ack bands 1^^^^^^^^^^
the basal area white, sendmg a spm 0"^^ ^^^^^ ^ ^^.gj^ ;

interspace, and with rufous ^P°f . "'^^^^X^trvure a^ middle^and
short white bands from the costa to med^^^^^ ^^^^ ^

towards end of cell ; a postmed.a ba"\;°"i°'"' ^^arlet ; a large
doubly-angled submargmal band. Hmd v ug sca^ ^

black spot on median nervure at ^^^^f ^ ^ ,vith deep

below it on vein 1 ; three ^/^bma^S^^^.^X^si'de ^ith a^ black
blue centres ; cilia yellowish white. Underside witu

medial band to both wings. _

Closely allied to A caja, Lmrj-_ , ^ 66 millim.

Hah. N.W. Himalayas ; Khasis ; Sibsagar. r.ap.

1203. Arctia perornata, Moore, P. Z. S. 1879, p. 395, pi. 32, fig. 2 ;
C. ^- iS. no. 7oo.

^ . Head and thorax ochrcous ; head black at sides and below ;

AECTIA.

17

thorax with three black-brown stripes ; abdomen crimson, with
some brown on the vertex of basal segments, lateral crimson tufts
and anal dark tuft with two small crimson tufts ; femora striped
with crimson. Fore wing ochreous ; some short black basal streaks ;
antemedial, medial, postmedial, and submarginal angulated black
bands ; a patch on discocellulars and marginal band. Hind wing
crimson ; a broad antemedial black band ; a large patch at end of
cell, with a narrow curved band from it to inner margin ; a sub-
marginal baud broken towards anal angle ; a marginal line.
Cilia of both wings ochreous.

$ . Some specimens have the abdomen crimson, with black spots
on vertex and lateral bands ; the bands of both wings much re-
duced in width, those of the fore wing highly angulated ; the
marginal line of hind wing absent.

In others the head and abdomen are black, the latter ringed
with crimson ; fore wing with the bands very broad, the antemedial
and medial bands conjoined ; hind wing with the basal area black,
the bands broad, the marginal line present.

Hah. Kashmir. Ex£. 41-48 millim.

*1204. Arctia ? tibetica, Feld. Reis. Nov. \>\. 101, fig. 12 ; C. S,- S.
no. 754.

Head and thorax red-brown ; collar crimson ; abdomen dark
red-brown, with the sides crimson and extremity ochreous. Fore
wing red-brown, the basal area darkest ; a yellow streak from the
base below median nervure. Hind wing crimson ; the basal and
costal areas black ; a streak along base of inner margin ; black
streaks along veins 1 and 2 to the submarginal series of blotches ;
a spot at centre of cell and another at middle of outer margin.

Hob. Ladak. Exp. 28 millim.

*1205. Arctia ? parvida, Feld. Reis. Nov. pi. 100, fig. 24 ; C. ^ S.
no. 762.

c? . Head crimson ; thorax and abdomen pale brown, the latter
with white segmental rings. Fore wing pale brown, with a black
mark at base extending along inner margin to middle ; basal two-
thirds of costa pink ; a black spot at end of cell ; an obsolescent
curved postmedial band. Hind wing crimson, the base black, a
fascia extending from it to a submarginal band with waved edges ;
a black spot at end of cell. Cilia of both wings pink.

Hab. " Himalayas." Exp. 28 millim.

1206, Arctia ricini, Fabr. Syst. Ent. p. 583; Moore, Lep. Ceiil. ii,
pi. 106, figs. 2, 2 a, 6 (larva) ; C. ^ S. no. 780.
Phatena zerah, Cram. Pap. Exot. iv, pi. 397, fig. G.
Alope ocellifera, Wlk. Cat. iii, p. 620.

Alope clavatus, Swinh. P. Z. S. 1886, p. 295 ; C. 8,- S. no. 778.

Head and thorax dark grey-brown ; collar fringed with crimson

VOL. II. 0

18

auctiid^.

and with a pair of pale-ringed black spots ; teguloe with two pairs
and vertex of thorax with one similar spot ; abdomen crimson, with
a series of short dorsal black bands and lateral spots. Eore wing
fuscous brown, with very numerous pale-riuged black spots in the
interspaces, llind wing crimson, with antemedial, medial post-
medial, and marginal bauds and more or less conjoined blotches.
The variety clavatus has the hind wing orange, whilst m zerah it

S-^I'dark brown speckled with white, and with dorsal and

ateral tufts of long dark hair. , 00 ra o Rn RS

Ilab. Throughout India and Ceylon. Exp., 6 3S-50, ? 6U-b8

millim.

1207. Arctia transversa, Moore, P. Z. S. 1879, p. 398; C. S[ S.
no. 853.

A Pale brown; thorax spotted with black. Pore wing with
two black spots below base of costa; an antemedial angulated
series of spots; a medial angulated band broken at middle; a
postmedial maculate band; a submarginal series, the spots from
veins 2 to 6 almost obsolete; a marginal series. Hmd wmg pale
brown, with a spot at end of cell and submarginal series. (Head
and abdomen of type wanting.)

Hab. " N.W. India." Exp- 38 miUim.

Genus OCNOGYNA.
Ocnogyna, Hambur, Lep. And. p. 255 (1858).
Type, 0. hemigena, Grasl., from Europe.

SStaSitt; head being clothed wift longhair.

the palpi extremely minute and buried in hair.
Pemale with the wings aborted.

1208. Ocnogyna postflavida, n. sp.

A Head thorax, and abdomen black grizzled with white ; ab-
S . Jleaa, tnora^, ^^^^^ ^^.^^^^ ^^^^^ ^^^^^^ j^^^^

towards extremity. Fore wmg
very dark red-brown, with an in-
distinct subbasal oblique whitish
line joining a curved medial ob-
solescent band on vein 1 ;_a post-
medial curved band joined _ at
middle to a dentate submarginal
line. Hind wing orange irrorated
^^dth dark scales, the inner area

Fig. 5.
Ocnogyna postflavida, g .

blackish ; a broad marginal black band inte'rrupted by a streak

OCNOOYNA. — rANGOBA. 19

from the orange area to centre of margin; a black patch at
end of cell. Cilia jellovv.

Eab. Skoro La, Kashmir (LeecJi). Exp. 28 millim. Tvne in
coll. Leech.

Genus PANGORA.
Pangora, Moore, Lep. Ath. p. 42 (1879).
Type, P. distorta, Moore.

Range. N.w. Himalayas ; Bombay and Malabar ; Ceylon
_ Palpi not projecting beyond the frons. Antennte almost simple
in both sexes. Hmd tibiee with two pairs of spurs. Pore wino-
rather long and narrow. Venation as in Spilosoma.

1209. Pangora erosa Wlk Cat \n, ^. 7O8; Moore, Lep. Ceyl. ii,

pi. 107, figs. \,\a,h Oarva) ; C. ^- 8. no. 776. ' ^ '

6 . Palpi crimson, with the third joint black ; head white, with
a b ack spot on vertex; collar and tegulae white, with pairs of
bJack spots ; thorax brown, with white sti-ipes near the tegulis • ab-
domen crimson above, with a dorsal series of brown spots Legs
^t^.fV'^^lifimson. Pore wing brown, with a highly i^regukr
white fascia from the base, joining a nearly straight medial band
sometimes interrupted above median nervure, and with a brown
subbasal spot on it below median nervure; two subapical spots
and one submarginal above vein 3. Hind wing crimson, with
three large irregular submarginal brown blotches and some small
spots on the margin below apex.

? with the submarginal spots on fore wing small ; hind wing
with medial brown spots at origin of vein 2 and on vein 1, and
the submarginal spots conjoined into a broad band.

Zarm Dark brown ; clothed with dense tufts of blackish hah-.
nab. J^ilgiris, 8. slopes ; Ceylon. Exp. 60 milhm.

1210. Pangora distorta, Moore, Lep. AtJc. p. 42, pi. ii, fig. u,c.^ S.
6. DifEers from «-om in the spots on the thorax being We

with the basal rregu ar patch separate from the medial band, which
IS very irregular; the subapical and submarginal spots large
m-nd wmg cnmson with a double black spot at upper angle o

Mab. Mussooree ; Simla. Exjj. 64 millim.

1211. Pangora rubelliaua., Swinh. P. Z. S. 1889, p. 403.

cJ . Differs from erosa in the fore wing having the subbaqil
white patch large, with two spots on it. Id separated from the

o2

20 AECTIIDiE.

medial band, wbich is broken up into two hagbly-irregular patches ;
the submarginal spots five in number.

Pig. 6. — Fangora ruhelliana, $ . \.

Q with a nearly complete medial band to hind wing,
lafe CaBara; Nilgiris, W. slopes. Kvp., 6 50, ? 58 milhm.

1212. Pangora matherana, Moore, P. Z S 1879, p. 396; Waterh.
Aid, n,i±lSl,&g.Q; C.^S. no. 777.

0 Differs from ruhelliana in having aU the crimson parts
orange ; the medial irregular patches of fore wmg conjoined.

Hab. Bombay ; Matheran. Exp. 60 mdhm.

Genus ALPHiEA.

Alphaea, Wlk. Cat. iii, p. 683 (1855)
Nyaca, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 43 (18/9).
Bajendra, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 4*3.

Type, A. fulvoUrta, Wlk.

Rrmce Thiwhoutlndia, Ceylon, and Burma; Java.

S ;hort aid hairy, extending beyond the frons. Hmd tibi^
wiSi ?wo paiii of spu;s. Fore wing rather long and narrow.
Yenation as in Sinlosoma.

Sect. I. Antenna of male with short branches, of female serrate.

A. Abdomen of male clothed ivith long hair.
1213 Alphffia fulvoMrta, Wlk. Cat. iii, p. 684; Butl. HI. Het. v,
pi. 85, fig. 8; C. no. 859.

Palpi and frons black ; vertex
of head white; collar white,
striped with black and slightly
fringed with yellow ; thorax
black; tegulsB white, striped
with black. Abdomen orange
above, the underside white,
banded and spotted with black.
Pore wing smoky black, the veins
pale and with numerous white

Alphma fulvohirta, cJ.

spots in the interspaces. Hind wing white, with sorue black

ALPHiEA.

21

marks on the costa ; a lunulate mark at end of cell ; an
irregular inteiTupted submarginal band ; some small marks on
the mai'gin near apex.

Ilab. Sikhim. Exp, 55 miUim.

1214. Alphaea florescens, Moore, Lep. Ath. p. 43, pi. ii, fig. 13 ; C.^ 8.

no. 858.

c? . Differs horn fulvoMrta in the vertex of head being jellow ;
the collar fringed with red ; abdomen crimson ; femora red. Fore
wing with the ground-coloui' olive-brown ; the spots much fewer
in number, those in the interno-median interspace being conjoined
into a highly irregular streak, and the only other prominent spots
being some on costa, one at end of cell, one beyond it, and con-
joined submarginal and marginal series. Hind wing with the
base black; the spot at end of cell and submarginal conjoined
series large.

$ . The vertex of head white ; fringe to collar and femora
crimson ; abdomen with a dorsal series of black spots.
Hab. Sikhim. Exp., cJ 54, 5 66 millun.

1215. Alphsea imbuta, mk. Cat. iii, p. 614; £utl HI. Het. v, pi. 86,

fig. 1 ; C. S. no. 860.

S . Olive-brown ; frons and vertex of head pale buff ; abdomen
above and femora crimson. Fore wing with the veins yellow ; a
white patch at base, with a black spot on it ; some irregular white
marks in the interno-median interspace ; some spots on costa and
others on outer area. Hind wing black, with a yellow postmedial
spot below vein 2 and some conjoined spots on outer area.

5 with a series of black dorsal spots on abdomen. Hind wing
with an irregular yellow postmedial band from vein 3 to anal angle,
and complete irregular marginal band.

Eab. Simla; Sikhim. Exp., cj 44, $ 70 millim.

B. Abdomen of male clothed with short scales.

1216. Alphsea quadriramosa, Koll. HiigeVs Kaschmir, iv, p. 468;

C. Sf S. uo. 822.

Palpi black, fringed with yellow ; head and thorax white ; collar
with paired black spots and slightly fringed with yellow ; thorax
and tegula) striped with black ; abdomen orange, with dorsal seg-
mental black bands and lateral and ventral spots. Femora orange.
Fore wing white, with broad black fascia) along subcostal, median,
and submedian nervures, the fascia on median nervure dividing up
into streaks along veins 2, 3, 4, 5, and spots on veins 6 and 7.
Hind wing white, with a black lunulo at end of cell and a sub-
marginal series of four spots.

The markings may be much reduced and the hind wiug unmarked.

22

AECTlIDiE.

Larva brownish black, slightly powdered with pale specks and
with tufts of dark red hairs.

Hah. N.W. liimalayas ; Khasi and Naga Hills ; ? Satara. Exp.,
cJ 40, $ 48 millim.

1217. Alphsa tigi-ina, Moore, F. Z. S. 1879, p. 398, pi. 32, fig. 4;

C. Sf S. no. 850.

Differs from quadriramosa in the branches of the antennae
being rather longer ; colour orange-buff ; tegulte without the black
stripe Tore wing with the fascias along the subcostal nervure,
median nervure and veins rising from it, and submedian nervure
broader and more irregular ; a submargmal series of black spots
more or less joined to the median fascia. Hind wmg with a biack
blotch at end of cell, a submargmal series, and some black marks
on the inner and discal areas. , , . , .

In some specimens the black markings of fore and hind wmg
extend over the greater part of the surface.

Hah. Palni Hills. Hxp. 46 millim.

1218. Alphsea leopardina, Kail. mujeVs Kaschmir, iv, p. 467, pi. 21,

Ny'l^a'divSaf #rCaf m, p. 614 ; Butl. III. Het. v, pi. 86, fig. 2 ;
C. ^ 8. no. 857.

Palpi and frons black; vertex of head white ; tegulae black,
frino-ed with white ; thorax white, with a broad black stripe on
vertex; abdomen crimson above, the extremity yellow, and wi h
dorsal and lateral series of black spots /^f ^"^f ^^^i^'^' ^
conjoined black patches occupying most of the ace ; a broad
fascia along median nervure coalescing with some patches fiom
the costa and an oblique postmedial band b^-caUi^
costa- some smaller submargmal marks and a series ot patches
along inner margin. AU these markings are, however, sometimes
rSed and separated. Hind wing black, with - --regular whit
postmedial band, sometimes only extending from the costa to lo«er
angleof cell; some submarginal and margmal marks.

One specimen has the whole of the underside of the fore wmg
except the outer area, and also the inner area of the hind « mg,
suffused with crimson, showing through to the ^VV^^f^-

Hah. N.W. Himalayas .and ? Khasi Hills. Kxp., 6 4o, ^
56 millim. ■

1219. Alphaa Vittata, Moore, P. Z. S. 1879, p. 396, pi. 32, fig. 12 ;
C. Sr S. no. 797.

Head ™a thorax Mack; vertex of head .-.ith a «^hite b.Bd;

s:f»t"':^:.t:('"t^£»t&^^^^

ALPHjEA.

23

spot at end of cell and submarginal series of four spots, the two
towards apex sometimes obsolete ; cilia white.
Eab. Burma ; Nilgiri plateau. Exp. 46 millim.

1220. Alphaea hignttata, mk. Cat. m, p. 707 ; C. S( S. no. 789.
Spilnsoma lativitta, Moore, R Z. 8. 1865, p. 809 ; C.Sr S. no. 792.
Eajendra irreo:ularis, Moore, Lep. Ceyl. ii, p. 72, pi. 107, fig. 2;

C. ^ S. no. 790.

Differs from vittata in the white fascia of the fore wing being
broader and elbowed at vein 2. Hind wing with the cilia black ;
in the variety irregularis white.

Hah. Sikhim ; Pareshnath ; Canara ; Nilgiris, "W. slopes ; Ceylon.
Exp. 47 millim.

1221. Alphsea nigricans, Moore, P. Z. S. 1872, p. 572 ; C.^S. no. 793.

tS . Head and thorax black ; a white band on vertex of head ;
tegulee white, with a black spot; abdomen crimson, with black
dorsal and ventral bands. Pore wing imiform dark red-brown,
with very faint traces of the curved fascia. Hind wing crimson,
with a brown band on the costa extending into end of cell and the
three submarginal spots.

Hab. Deccan; Bombay; Matheran. ^'.t^j. 40 miUim.

1222. Alphsea dentata, Wlk. Cat. iii, p. 708.

Aloa khandalla, Moore, Cat. E. I. Co. p. 361, pi. 9 a, fig. 13 ;
C. c^- S. no. 791.

Differs from higuttata in being brownish black ; the fascia of
the fore wing more or less produced into the middle of cell and
downwards at the elbow, whence it is bent upwards at a sharper
angle and reaches the costa before the apex ; a white patch on the
outer margin below the apex and another at centre. Hind wing
almost white in male, crimson in female ; the cilia pale.

Hah. Bombay ; Canara ; Nilgiris. Exjp. 52 miUim.

1223. Alphsea pannosa, Moore, P. Z. S. 1879, p. 397, pi. 32, fig. 8 ;

Butl. III. Ret. vii, pi. 138, fig. 8 (larva) ; C. 8. no. 794.

Differs from dentata in having two brown spots on the collar ;
the tegulas striped brown and white ; abdomen with dorsal dark
spots. Eore wing with the fascia extremely irregular and reaching
the outer margin below the apex, a black spot on it at base ; some
spots on the costa and three transversely placed before the apex ;
some specimens with two spots at end of cell and two towards
outer angle ; others have the markings of the foro wing much
reduced. Hind wing crimson, with a speck at end of coll ; a large
spot near apex, and one or two towards anal angle.

Larva black, with tufts of pale hair ; a dorsal yellowish band
and two lateral white bands ; bead red-brown : legs palo brown.

Hab. N.W. Himalayas. Exp., d 43, 9 50 millim.

24

AEOTIIBiE.

1224. Alphsea sipaW, Moore, P. Z. S. 1872, p. 573 ; C.^S. bo. 795.
cJ Differs from pannosa in the wHte band of the fore wing

being broken up into numerous spots. Hind wmg with two d^irk
blotches on the costa as well as the submargmal marks.
Hab. Bombay ; Mahableshwar ; Madras. Exj>. b4 milhm.

Sect. II. Antenna? of male serrate, of female simple.

1225. Alpliaea obliquifascia, n. sp.

S . Head and thorax black-brown ; vertex of head and tegulae
pale yellow ; abdomen orange, with black dorsal bands and patch
on last segment. Eore wing black-brown, with two white spots
in the basal half of the interno-median interspace ; a small spot at
middle of cell ; a postmedial oblique band of six spots from the
apex and one to four spots on outer margin. Hind wing pale
yellow, sometimes almost white ; a black spot at end of cell ; one
submarginal spot towards apex and two towards anal angle ; the
submarginal spots sometimes obsolete ; cilia pale.

$ with the markings of the hind wing usually much more
extensive than in the male aud the cilia black.

Hab. Dharmsala; Assam; Burma; Java, iay., S ob, 2
40 millim. Type in B. M.

1226. Alphffla tripartita, Wlk. Cat. iii, p. 706; Butl. III. Set. v,

pi. 86, fig. 4; C. ^ & no. 796.

2 differs from obliquifascia in the band of six spots on the fore
wing being curved instead of obUque and startioig from the costa
beyond the middle.

Hah. Moulmein. Exp. 42 millim.

1227. Alphsea impleta, Wlk. Cat xxxi p 286 ; C.JS -no.m\.
AlphEEa abdominalis, Moore, P. Z. S. 1867, p. 682 -,0.8^8. no. 856.

Palpi and frons black; vertex of head white; antenna black
tipped with white; collar white, with two black patches ; tegul^
Se each with a black spot ; thorax white, ^vlth a broad black
band on vertex; abdomen orange, with a series of bkek dor a^^
spots and the extremity black; the ventral surface black m h
four series of white spots; legs black, mid and hind femora w th
large white spots. Pore wing black with numerous large ci^amy-
white spots in the interspaces. Hmd wing pale orange NMth a
black mark at centre of costa extending into the ceU ; post^^^^^^
and submarginal series of irregular black marks : the apex black.
Hab. Sikhim. E.vp., c? 54, ? 66 millim.

Genus AREAS.

Areas, Wlh. Cat. iii, p. 658 (1855)
Melanai-ens, Butl. III. Hct. yu, p. 29 (1889).

Type, A. galaclina, Van der IToev.

AREAS. 25

Eange. Himalayas ; Assam Hills ; Borneo ; Java.
Palpi porrect and long, the third joint naked. Hind tibiffl with
two pairs of spurs. Venation us in Hpilosoma.

Seci'. 1. Antennae bipectinated in male, the branches short,
serrated in female.

1228. Areas galactina, Van der Soev. Tijdsch. Nat. Gesch. 1840,
p. 280.

Areas orientalis, Wlh. Cat. iii, p. 658 ; C.^S. no. 812.
Neumenes trigonalis, Voll. Tijd. v. Ent. 1863, p. 140, pi. x. fig. 1.

Head orange; frons and third joint of palpi black; antennsB
black tipped with white ; thorax white above, crimson below, with
paired black spots on coUar and two pairs on tegulse ; a broad

Fig. 8. — Areas galactina, <S . \.

brown band on vertex ; thorax crimson above, yellow below, with
dorsal and lateral series of black spots ; femora orange, Fore
wing white, the veins brown ; an outwardly oblique brown band
met on vein 2 by an inwardly oblique band which forks towards
the costa; inner area brown, sending divergent spurs up w^ards near
the base. Hind wing yellow ; a brown spot on costa, one at end
of cell ; two to four small submarginal spots, the two towards apex
often absent.

Hah. Himalayas; Khasis ; JS'agas ; Borneo; Java. Exp.,(S^Q,
$ 90 millim.

1229. Areas imperialis, Knll. BiineVs Kaschmir, iv, p. 466, pi. 21
lig. 1 ; C.SfS. no. 810.

Antenna3 black, white at tips ; head black, the vertex white.
Thorax black ; collar with white and crimson lateral stripes ;
tegidae white, with a black spot ; abdomen crimson, with black
bands. Fore wing black ; a white fascia above median nervure
and vein 5 ; a streak from beyond upper angle of cell to costa
before apex and from lower angle to outer margin above vein 2 ;
a broad fascia from the base along vein 1 ; a series of marginal

26 aectiidjB.

spots. Hind wing yeUow, with a black lunule at end of ceU and
four large submarginal patches, the two upper conjoined

i«rt;a black, with tufts of long ferruginous hair; head ferru-

^"S^K^Simly-; Sikhim. E.p., 6 80, ? 94 milHm.

Sect. II. Antenuse of male simple.

1230. Areas arginalis, n. sp.

S. Head crimson spotted with black, the third joint of palpi
black. Thorax ochreous tinged with crimson, the coUar, tegulse
and vertex marked with black ; abdomen crimson, with dorsal and
Hteral series of black spots. Fore wmg smoky black; a white
snot at base three below costa, two in cell, four in interno-median
n'terspace and three on vein 1 ; a broad regular macuM^^^^^^^
from the costa beyond middle to outer margm above the angle
thr?e submarginal spots. Hind whig crimson ; three medial b ack
spots ; three Lbmarginal blotches, the one near apex conjomed to
some marks on the margin. inQ^illim Tvne

Hah. Naga HiUs, 3500 feet {Dolierty). Exp. 103 millim. iype

in coll. Elwes.

Qenus CREATONOTUS.

Creatonotos, mhn. Verz. p. 169 (1818).
Rhodogastria, Bubn. ^er^. v- U''-
Aloa, Wlk. Cat. iii, p. 699 (1855).
Savara, Wlh. Cat. xxxi, p. 320 (1864)
Buctea, Wlk. Cat. xxxv, p. 1983 (18fab).

Type, C. interruptus, Linn. ^ -r, o r^\^\r,a • Ppnnntr •

Range Throughout India, Ceylon, and Burma ; China , Tenang .

sometimes from above angle of cell.

Sect. I. {Greatonotus). Antenna minutely ciliated in
both sexes.

Bombyx francisca, 'Fair. Mant. Ins. n, p. 131. _

Head, thorax, and fore wing l-l^^P^^^^VofdTr'sk^
legs smoky black, the fe-ora/d ow a bi oad do^^_^^^

with a submarginal series of black spotc.

CRBATOH'OTTTS.

27

The variety continuatus has additional black streaks on the fore
wing below the costa, in cell, above inner margin, and in the mar-
ginal interspaces, but all the intergrades occur.

Larva black, sparsely clothed with long hairs ; head marked
with white ; a yellow dorsal line with a series of orange spots on
it; prolegs pale.

Hah. Throughout India, Ceylon, and Burma. Exp. 42 millim.

Sect. II. {Ehodogastria). Antennae fasciculated in male.
A. Abdomen crimson.

1232. Creatonotus moorei, Bull. Cist. Ent. ii, p. 23 ; id. III. Het. v,

pi. 85, fig. 2 ; C.^S. no. 820.
Aloa sara, Sioinh. P. Z. 8. 1889, p. 404.

Antennae black, with the basal joint scarlet. Palpi scarlet at
sides, white below, the terminal joint black ; head white, with a
crimson line behind it ; thorax white ; abdomen scarlet above, with
a series of black dorsal spots, white below, with two series of black
lateral spots. Wings white : fore wing with a scarlet fascia along
the costa ; a black speck at each angle of cell ; some specimens
with some spots between the lower angle of cell and inner margin
and a subbasal spot on vein 2. Hind wing with a black spot at
end of cell and a submarghial series of four, the two towards
anal angle sometimes absent.

The form sai-a has the black spots prominent and a pair on the
tegulse.

Eab. Almora ; Karachi ; Bombay. Kvp., c? 58, $ 44 millim.

1233. Creatonotus coUaris, Hmpsn. III. Bet. viii, p. 54, pi. 140. fig. 18.

c? . Differs from moorei in having the scarlet band at back of
head broader ; the collar fringed with scarlet ; the costal fascia of
fore wing broader; abdomen with broad dorsal black bands.
Ilab. Nilgiris, W. slopes. E-vp. 50 millim.

1234. Creatonotus flavimargo, n. sp.

c? . Differs from collaris in the black spots on abdomen being
small. Wings with the black spots obsolescent ; hind wing with
a marginal yellow band.

Hab. Bhamo, Burma {Fea). Exp. 50 miUim. Type in Mus.
Genova.

B. Abdomen yellow.

1235. Creatonotus lactineus, Cram. Pap. Exot. u, pi. 133, fig. D;

Moore, Lep. E. I. Co. pi. 16, fig. 12 (larva) ; C. l^- S. no. 818.
Bombyx sanguinolentn, Fair. Ent. Si/st. iii, p. 473.
Aloa marginata, Moore, P. Z. 8. 1883, p. 15, pi. 5, fig. 1 ; C. ^ S.

no. 819.

Differs from collaris in having the red markings of a deep
crimson tone ; the band on head broader ; in some specimens the
black spots are entirely absent.

28 AKCTIID-aS.

In the variety marginatus the marginal black spots of the hmd
wing have coalesced to form a complete band.

'Pig. 9.— Creatonotiis laotineus, cJ. t-

iawa black, with lateral tufts of red-brown ha,ir ; a subdorsal
series of scarlet spots ; dorsal, subdorsal, and latera series of black
spots; 1st, 3rd, 4th, and 5th somites with sublateral spots;
11th somite with two spots only. . ^ ^ , ^

Eab. China; throughout India, Ceylon, and Bui-ma; Java.
Exix, d 56, ? 66 millirn.

1236. Creatonotus negritus, Sivinh. MS.

0 Diifers from lactineus in nearly the whole abdomen and
win-s being suifused with black; fore wing with a white freak in
Si and Jwo on inner area; the costa with a crimson streak to-
wards apex ; cilia of both wings white. _

Ifafc. Khdsis. 62 millim. Type m B. M.

1237 Creatonotus insolatus, Sivinh. P. Z. S. 1889, p. 404.

^ Differs from lactineus in the head and collar being without

with the costal fascia narrow.

Hab. Thyetmyo, Burma. Ewp. 36 miUim.

1238 Creatonotus albistriga, Wlk. Cat. xxxi, p. 303 ; C.Sr S. no. 761.
Differs from insolatr^ in the band on the head being ydbw ; the

thorax tinged with ochreons ; tegu^. ^^VwUt ' be in^a"-
l^.^-:^:^"^ SIX t?eell Hind ling
spot in cell and marginal spots large or small.
Hab. Ganjam. Exi?. 44 milhm.

Sect. III. (Aha). Antenna of male bipectinate ; serrate
in female.

1239. Creatonotus emittens Wlk. Cat In,^^ Moore, Up. Ceyl.

Aloa cmdidula, J/^f • 'JVo5 • C Sc S. no. 815.

Aloa dimiuuta, Wlk. Cat.m p^.05 C. <^ ^ g^l.

Spilosoma punctistriga, Wlk. tat. m, p. .

CEBATONOTUS. — PHISSAMA.

29

Aloa flora, Swinh. P. Z. S. 1885, p. 296, pi. 20, fig. 6 ; C. ^ S.
no. 817.

Creatonotus rubricosta, Moore, P. Z. S. 18/2, p. 573 ; C. Sf &,
no. 788.

Head and thorax pinkish ochreous ; abdomen crimson above,
with series of dorsal and lateral black spots. Pore wing pinkish
ochreous; a black fascia below median nervure from before the
middle of cell to some way beyond its lower angle, the veins
crossing it pale ; a black submarginal streak above vein 5.
Hind wing whitish, some specimens with a black spot at end of cell.

The S. Indian and Ceylon forms emittens and flora are much
more suffused with pink than the Northern forms ; in the former
the markings of the fore wing are prominent, in the latter obsolete
or only developed at end of cell.

Of the Northern forms, diminutus has the markings prominent ;
candidulus narrow or almost obsolete ; punctistriga with a speck at
end of cell and streak above vein 5 only.

Hab. N.W. Himalayas ; Nepal ; Manipur ; and throughoat
S. India and Ceylon. Exp., cS 30, $ 38 millim.

1240. Creatonotus simplex, Wlk. Cat xxxi, p. 320 ; C. ^ S. no. 771.

Head and thorax brownish ochreous ; abdomen orange above,
with a dorsal series of black spots. Wings uniform ochreous.
Underside of body smoky black.

Eab. Khandala ; N. Canara. E.ty., d 30, 5 38 millim.

1241. Creatonotus fumipennis, Hmpsn. III. Set. viii, p. 54, pi. 140,

fig. 24.

c? . Head and thorax brownish ochreous ; abdomen suffused
with fuscous and with dorsal black segmental bands. Wings
smoky black : fore wing with the costa and base of inner margin
ochreous.

Hah. Nilgiris. Exj). 29 millim.

Genus PHISSAMA.

Phissama, Moore, Lep. E. I. Co. p. 362 (1858).
Amphissa, Wlk. Cat. iii, p. 684 (1856), prEeocc.

Type, P. transiens, Wlk.

Range. China ; Philippines ; throughout India and Burma ;
Borneo ; Celebes.

Palpi extremely minute. Antennse minutely ciliated in both
sexes. Hind tibiae with a minute terminal pair of spurs. Fore
wing narrow. Venation as in Sinlosmia.

1242. Phissama transiens, Wlk. Cat. iii, p. 676 ; Moore, Lep. E. I.

Co. pi. 16, fig. 13 (larva) ; C. 8f S. no. 762.
Amphissa vacillans, Wlk. Cat. iii, p. 685 ; C. ^ S. no. 763.
Aloa isabellina, Wlk. Cat. iii, p. 705.

30

ABCTIID-*.

Head aud thorax dirty white

pig_ iQ,—PMssama transiens

transiens is alraost

palpi and femora orange; abdo-
men orange above, white below,
with dorsal, lateral, and ventral
series o£ black spots. Fore wing
very pale fuscous ; the costa and
base of inner margin whitish ;
black spots in and just beyond
each angle of cell. Hind wing
pale fuscous; some specimens
with a black submarginal spot
above vein 5 and two towards
anal angle,
white, the form vacillans darker

Typical

^"'"Zva black, blotched with red-brown and with tufts of red-
brown Lir, th; lateral tufts arising from ferruginous ubercles ; a
ioZ broad white line ; head black, marked with white. _
Hab. China; Philippines; throughout India and Burma,
Borneo; Celebes. Exp., 6 50, ? 60 millim.

Genus NICEA.
Nika3a, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 11 (1879).
Type, N. longipennis, "Wlk.

STpoS i^glust beyond the frons ; a— «
in male. Hind tibi^ with two pairs of spurs. ^^^^^
and narrow in male, the outer margin o^^^^^^^Y? f the' W
Venation as in Spilosoma, except that vems b ana /
wing are stalked.

1243. Nic^a longipeimis mz. C.*. Ui, P- 655; Butl. Ill Set. t,
pi 82, fig. 7 ; C.^- S. nos. 342, SUd.

j4g, II— Nic(Ba longipcnnis, $ .

NICEA. — OAMPTOLOMA.

31

below the costa, and bifid spot on vein 4 ; a submarginal series of
specks. Hind wing orange, the base and costa black ; a geminate
black spot from median nervure to inner margin and another
near anal angle ; a large spot at end of cell joined to the apical and
marginal black areas ; a subapical white spot.

Hah. Kumaun ; Sikhim ; Silhet. Exp., d 60-70, ? 64 millim.

Genus LETJCOPARDTJS, nov.

Type, L. tigrinus, Hmpsn.
Range. Khasi Hills.

Palpi porrect, reaching beyond the frons, the second joint
fringed with hair. Antennas simple in male. Tibiae with the
spurs long. Pore wing with the costa arched at base; vein 3
from before angle of cell; 4 and 5 from angle; 6 from below
upper angle ; 7, 8, 9, and 10 stalked. Hind wing with the outer
margin slightly angled at vein 3 ; veins 3 and 4 stalked; 5 from
above angle of cell ; 6 and 7 fi'om upper angle ; 8 from just before
middle of cell.

1244. Leucopardus tigriniis, n. sp.

S ■ Head, thorax, and abdomen whitish, slightly suffused with
fuscous, the anal tuft ochreous. Pore wing white, with a fuscous
streak along inner margin ; two A'ery oblique fuscous bands from
the costa beyond the middle to inter no-median interspace ; a band

Fig. 12. — Leucopardus tigrinus, ^ . |.

on discocellulars ; postmedial, submarginal, and marginal bands
ending in a. yeUow patch at anal angle, with some waved black
lines on it in continuation of the fuscous bands. Hind wing white,
with the base fuscous ; a large spot at end of cell ; a submarginal
curved band ; a series of marginal spots.

Hab. Khasis. Ex2). 43 millim. Type in coll. Moore.

Genus CAMPTOLOMA.

Camptoloma, Feld. Jteis. Nov. p. 2 (1875).

Type, C. interioratum, "Wlk., from China.
Range. Japan; China; Assam.

22 AEOTIIDJE.

Palpi slender and porrect. Antenna simple JibiB ^ith the
spursLg. Eore wing the costa arc^hed at^ ba e .^tlae^apex
rounded; outer margin very oblique '""^^^ /tj ^ ^ short

of cell.

1245 Camptoloma Mnotatum, :B«<Z.^.M.i^.l?.(5) -ii, 1881,p.35;

Camptd^ma SgU, S.ink. A. M. N. H. (6) xii, p. 214.
?. Head, thorax, and abdomen orange-yeUow the la^^^ wi^h
the%xtremiV crimson; tegular ^'^^ll^^^'^^:^^^
yellow; a black liae from base J?*\'\°^^7rom middle of

pig_ 13— Camptoloma binotatum, $ . t-

Genus MOOEEA, nov.
Grotea, Moore, P. & 1865, p. 797 (pr^occ).
Type, ilf. Wlb.

iicmsre. Sil^bim ; Kbasi HiUs. two joints fringed

Palpi porrect, of ^""Sg^^^^ xvith two pairs of

^ith hair. Antenna suuple Hind * ^J^^ ^ i.

minute spurs. Pore wing '^^Y . 7 g, 9, 10 stalked ;

4 and 5 from the end ; « „XuXflO Hind wing with

11 running close alongside of or touchi^^^ from angle ; 6 and 7

vein 3 from before angle of ^eU^

from upper angle ; 8 irom Deiow m

1246. Moorea argus, WIU. Trar.. Ent. Soo. (3) i, 1862, p. 73; C. ^- S.

no. 798. „ 1 797 pi. 43, fig. 1 ; C. ^ &

Grotea elegans, Moore, P. Z. 6. l»oo. P' ' ' 1

no. 631.

MOORBA. — OALPBNIA.

33

Head, thorax, and abdomen golden yellow ; third jomt of palpi
black ; collar with paired black spots ; tegulsB with two pairs of
spots ; thorax with three spots ; abdomen with dorsal, ventral, and
two pairs of lateral spots. Eore wing golden yellow ; some black
spots near the base; numerous large black spots centred with
bluish white ; apical area black, with some bluish-white spots

Fig. 14. — Moorea argus, . |.

beyond the cell and towards outer angle ; a small yellow spot
below the costa, and a subapical band of white spots from below
the costa to vein 4. Hind wing golden yellow, with a black sub-
basal spot and antemedial, medial, submargiual, and marginal
series ; the two latter conjoined into patches towards costa and at
apex.

Hah. Sikhim ; Khasis. Exp., S 125, 5 130 millim. ^

Genus CALPENIA.

Oalpenia, Moore, P. Z. S. 1872, p. 571.

Type, 0. saundersi, Moore.

Ramje. Sikhim ; Khasi Hills ; Burma.

Palpi obliquely porrect, reaching beyond the frons, and fringed
with hair. Antennce simple in female. Tibiaj mth the spurs short.
Fore wing long and broad ; vein 3 from before angle of cell ; 4 and
5 from angle ; 6 from upper angle ; 7, 8, 9, 10 stalked ; 11 almost
touching 10. Hind wing with vein 3 from before angle of cell ;
4 and 5 from angle; 6 and 7 stalked; 8 from before middle of
cell.

1247. Calpenia khasiana, Moore, P. Z. 8. 1878, p. 5 ; C. S. no. 543.

?. Head black; thorax pale brown, the tegulm fringed wilh
orange ; abdomen orange, with dorsal, ventral, and two" pairs of

34

abctiid;e.

lateral blacWsh spots. Eore wing pale reddish b^o-"' -^^J^^Ja
yeUow spots below the costa; a pale iascia l^^^^o se^es
intPrsnice ioLued by a postmedml maculate baud w ith t« o series
interspace jomeu "J i . ntlipr onppimeus have the spots

oeiow bu orauge, with some basal darlt

lVZ:.T^Sl Pn.eL, submlgina! and marginal series o£

Khdsis ; Bernardmyo, Burma. Eccp. 92 millim.

1248. Calpenia saundersi, Moore, P. Z. S. 1872, p. 571, pi. 33, fig. 1 ;
C. Sf S. no. 543.

o Head thorax, and abdomen orange; frons and third ioint

Pig, IQ,— Calpenia saundersi, $

dorsaA, ventral, and two Pf ^ ^ ^^^^
streaks on the anal segment. ^^^^"^^1 series of small pale
orange patch at base ; f "^basal and anteme^^ postmedial and
yellow spots ; a medial series of ^'-^^g^ J^* ' %ith the basal area
Jubmarginal series of ^>^-ll^P;f.,f;r^ rh postmedial and sub-

^^^Mah.' Sikhim. E.vj>. 100 miUim.

Genus CALLIMORPHA.

Callimorpha, Latr. Gen. Crust Ins. W 220 (1809). ^^9).

S^^~^^£rSr-am; Burma.

CALLIMOKPHA.

35

Palpi porrect and long. Antennae of male minntely ciliated.
Hind tibiae with two pairs of spurs. Pore wing rather long and
narrow; vein 3 from before angle of cell; 4 and 5 from angle;
6 from upper angle ; 9 arising from 10 and anastomosing with 8
to form the areole. Hiad wing with vein 3 from before angle of
cell ; 4 fi-om angle ; 5 from above angle ; 6 and 7 stalked or from
cell ; 8 from before middle of cell.

1249. Calliraorpha principalis, Koll. mijePs Kaschmir, iv, p. 465,
pi. 20, fig. 2 ; Butl. III. Ret. vii, pi. 138, fig. 3 (larva) ; C. ^ 8.
no. 806.

Hypercompa flavicolor, Moore, P. Z. S. 1879, p. 397 \ C. Sr S.
no. 800. > > ^

Head crimson ; palpi with a black spot on each joint ; a black
spot on frons and two at back of head ; collar black, edged with
crimson; thorax orange, the tegulfe and vertex striped with
metallic green ; abdomen crimson above, pale yellow below, with

Kg. 16. — C'allimorpha principalis, cf . \.

dorsal and lateral series of spots ; legs black, marked with crimson
and pale yeUow. Pore wing metaUic green, with numerous
yeUow spots. Hind wing orange ; the veins streaked with black •
a submarginal series of large black blotches: centre of outer
margin black.

A variety from Sikhim has the streaks on the nervures of hind
wing very broad and occupying most of the wing.

Larva black, with three setiferous tubercles to each somite • a
narrow orange and yellow dorsal stripe whitish between the somites •
a white subdorsal stripe ; a lateral band composed of white trans-
verse striae ; legs yellow.

Mab. Kashmir ; N.W. Himalayas ; Sikhim ; Burma. Exn 86
millim.

1250. Callimorpha similis, Moore, P. Z. 8. 1879, p. 397; c. & S.
no. 808.

Differs trom principalis in being paler. Pore wing with the

D 2

gg ABCTIID^.

ii;^ufh"lrel aS often but slightly tinged with

""^^mb. Sikhim. E.V2.., 6 54. ? 66 millim.

1251. Callimorphaplagiata, Wlk^ Cat. in, p. 655; Butl. III. Hct.v,
pi. 85, tig. 1 ; C. S. no. 805.

Ndgas. B.vp., d 71, ? 92 miUim.

1052. Callimorpha equitalis, Koll. mgeVs Kasohnir, iv, p. 465,
pi. 20, fig. 3 ; C.^S. no. 799.

Differ (.-on, in th, bead »1 ,f XaxtfjtS

and joined to the submarg.nal ,^P°<^^^^7^^^^^^

fuscous except at middle. _ . ;Burma. i^a,:?.,

ifrtt. Himalayas from Smila to Sikhim , J^uaMb ,

S 70, ? 80 millim.

1253. Callimorpha nyctemerata, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 38; C. S,- S.

DifferrfrTm^,u.«^^. in the head t^^^^^^^^^

orange. Fore wing wxth au '^l^'l'l^^^^^^^^ interspace
nervure ; the second and fourth spots m mteino i

JJab. Sikhun. Arp., d u-^, ¥ '
• l-iSl. Mlimorplia! lichemgera,P* i*"- P'- «S- 3^
S. ll'tbl. srey. Antenna »chi»u, ; abdome.

CALLIMORPHA. AXTOP(ENA.

37

orange above, black at sides, the black encroaching on the upper-
side of the aual segment. Pore wing grey, irrorated with blauk,
the base _yellow ; five transverse yellow bands with waved edges,
the postmedial band excurved round end of cell. Hind wing
crimson ; a black spot at end of cell ; two elongate submargiual
patches and a small spot above vein 1.

Felder's MS. genus Carcinopyga vfiW probably be found to stand
when this insect is rediscovered.

Hub. Ladak. Exp. 70 millim.

Genus AXIOPCENA.
Axiopcena, Menet. Bull. Acad. Petersb. ix, p. 42 (1841).

Type, A. maura, Eichw.

Range. Central Asia ; Baluchistan.

Palpi long, rather slender, and porrectly upturned. Antennas
simple in both sexes. Hind tibias with two pairs of minute spurs.
Fore wing large and ample ; vein 3 from before angle of cell ; 5
from just above angle ; 6 from upper angle ; 7, 8, 9 stalked ;
10 from the cell. Hind wing with vein 3 from before angle
of cell ; 5 from above the angle ; 6 and 7 stalked ; 8 from before
middle of ceil.

1255. Axiopcena maura, Eichw. Zool. Spec, ii, p. 196.

Axiopojna fliiviatilis, Swinh. Trans. Ent. Sue. 1885, p. 361, pi. 9,
fig. 7 ; C.Sf S. no. 2273.

Head and thorax smoky black : collar fringed with crimson.
Abdomen black ; the segments fringed with crimson. Fore wing
smoky black. Hind wing with the basal half crimson ; the outer

Fig. 17. — Axiojiceva maura, (J.

lialf smoky black ; some specimens with a crimson spot beyond the
cell.

The amount of crimson suffusion on underside of hind win"-
varies greatly, being least in the form Jluvialil/is. "
JIab. Central Asia and Quel ta. Exp., J 100, $ 112 millhn.

38

ASCTIID^.

Genus PELOCHYTA.

Pelochyta, Hiibn. Verz. p. 171 (1818).
Amerila, Wlk. Cat. iii, p. 725 (1855).

Type, P. vidua. Cram., from Africa.

Bcmge. Africa; Formosa; throughout India, Burma, and
Ceylon ; Aru ; Australia ; New Britain. .

Palpi porrectly upturned and slender. Antennae nearly simple,
rore wing with the costa arched ; the outer margm long and obhquely
curved ; veins 3, 4, 5 from angle of cell ; 6 from below upper angle ;
7 8 9 stalked; 10 from cell. Hind wing with the anal ang e
slightly produced ; outer margin nearly straight; apex slightly
acute ; veins 3, 4, 5 from close to angle of cell ; 6 and 7 from upper
angle ; 8 from near end of cell.

1256. Pelochyta astrea, Brury, Ins. ii, pi. 28, fig. 4; C. 8)- S.

Pha°"Jn^melanthus, Cram. Pap. Exot m, pi. 286, fig. B.
Amerila rhodopa, Wlh. Cat. xxxi, p. 305 ; C. ^f^l-.'H ^.g
Rhodogastra fraterna, Moore, Trans. Ent. Soo. 1884, p. 35b , t. ^
no. 765.

Palpi crimson, with a black spot on each jobt -^ntenna, red-
hrown, with the basal joint crimson. Head and thorax whitish
fu^ous ; the head with two black spots ; collar with two pairs of

Fig. 18. — Pelochyta astrea, S • t<

«T.ots • nro- meso-, and metathorax each with a pair of spots, rore

small black spots ; spiracles brown ; l^ead yellow

Hah. Formosa; throughout India, Ceylon, ana liuri j
(J 50-54, 2 64-72 milUm.

LITHOarTNiE.

39

Subfamily LITHOSIIN.^.

Moths of diurnal or crepuscular habits ; in the typical section
the fore wing is very long and narrow, and both wings have lost
some of their veins. Proboscis present. Mid tibias with one pair
of spurs ; bind tibife generally with two pairs.

Larva sparsely covered with hnir and forming a slight coccoon ;
most of the typical section being lichen-feeders.

Key to the Genera.

a. Fore wing long and ample, the outer margin

oblique.
a'. Fore wing with an areole.

a^. Fore wing with the areole long.

a'. Palpi upturned, the 2nd joint reach-
ing vertex of head.
Palpi with the 3rd joint long and

spatulate 1. Eligma, p. 43.

5'. Palpi with the 3rd joint much
shorter and acute.
a'. Fore wing with the apex and

outer margin rounded 2. ISIigoplastis, p. 44.

b'. Fore wing with the ape.x pro-
duced, the outer margin straiaht. 3. DiLEMEBA, p. 45.
6'. Palpi with the 2nd joint not reach-
ing vertex of head,
fl'. liind wing with vein 3 from some

way before the end of cell 7. Cuhoba, p. 52.

6'. Hind wing with vein 3 from the

end of cell 6. AnGiNA, p. 50.

Fore wing with the areole short.
a^. Hind wing with vein 8 given off from

7 near end of cell 5. Secdsio, p. 50.

6'. Hind wing with vein 8 given oS from

7 before middle of cell 4. Nyctembra, p. 46.

b'. Fore wing with no areole.

Fore wing with vein 10 stalked with 7,

8, 9 9. TATAHGrNA, p. 54.

P. Fore wing with vein 10 from the cell. . 8. Uastabala, p. 63.

b. Fore wing long and narrow ; the outer mar-

gin short.
«'. Both wings with vein 5 present.

a^. Hind wing with vein 6 from above angle
of cell.

a". Hiud wing with veins 3 and 4 from

a point 10. Deiopia, p. 54.

i'. Hind wing with veins 3 and 4

stalked.

a^. Fore wing with an areole 12. Kerala, p. 62.

i'. Fore wing with no areole.

a'. Fore wing with vein 10 from the

cell 11. Cyana, p. 56.

¥'. Fore wing with vein 10 stalked

with 7, 8, 9 14. Adeepsa, p. 64.

40 AKOTIIDJE,

6^ Hind wing with veins 4 and 5 stallced
or from a point,
a'. Palpi upturned.

a" Palpi with the 3rd jomt reaching
above vertex of head ; fore wmg
^ith vein 10 from beyond the

areole ; •. ; • ' "

h\ Palpi with the 3rd joint not reach-
ino- above vertex of head ; fore
wing with vein 10 from the

areole. . ^ j c fn 65

fiind wing with veins 4 and & iv- '

fiom the cell 16. Macbobkochis,

b\ Hind wing with veins 4 and 5
stallied.

a". Thorax and abdomen some-

what stout and hairy ...... 17. Sidtma, p. 67.

6' Thorax and abdomen slight

■ and smooth 19- Gj^ophbia, p. 69.

b\ Palpi porrect.

„ I TTrivp wino- of moderate breaatn. _
Foie wiBg with no areole .... 18. Mahatiba, p. 68.

6^' Fore win| with an areole 20. Pabaona, p. /I.

b\ Fore wing long and narrow; no 71.

areole V "j ' ■•' "

b'. Fore wing with vein 0 present ; bind wmg
with vein 5 absent.
a". Fore wing with no areole_.

«3 TTinrl winff with vems o ana 4 „
«• 13. Doheetya, p. 68.

stalked ^' ' ' '-.'a't' ' '

b\ Hind wing with veins 3 and 4 Irom

a^'Fore wing with the apex rounded. 22. CHBYBiEGMA, p. 72.
b\ Fore wing with the apex truncate,

then produced to a point Uxacmj., p.

J2 Fore wing vnth an areole. .
>. Palpi porrect ; hind wing with veins 73.

3 and 4 stalked , I ^ [p. 75.

6^ Palpi upturned; bind wmg with ^^^^^^^

Teins 3 and 4 from cell -.0. x x

c'. Both wings with vein 5 absent.
a=. Palpi porrect. _
■ Hind wing with vein 4 present.

Fore wing with the costa slightly ..g^

b' Hind wing with the cell closed.
Fore wing with the ceU very
long and narrow. _
a' Hind wing with veins 6 and
7 stalked or from en d of cell.
a«. Fore wing with veins 6 r

IITHOSIINJB.

41

i'. Hind wing with vein 7

given oft before end of cell. 28. Lophoneuha, p. 78.
Fore wing with the cell shorter
and broader.
a'. Fore wing with vein 10 not

stallied with 7, 8, 9 29. Lithosia, p. 79.

V. Fore wing with vein 10

stallced with 7, 8, 9 30. Mithtjna, p. 86.

b*. Fore wing triangular, with the costa

very much arched 32. Nishada, p. 88.

c*. Fore wing with the apex acute,
the outer margin straight and

erect, the outer 'angle produced. . 31. Teulisxa, p. 86.
h^. Hind wing with vein 4 absent in both

sexes 33. Gampola, p. 89.

h\ Palpi upturned 34. Simareea, p. 90.

Fore wing short, the outer margin obliquely
curved.

n. Hind wing with vein 3 absent.

(i^. Fore wing very short, broad and
rounded ; veins 6 and 7 stallced, 8, 9,
10, 11 running nearly straight up to

the costa, 11 and 12 anastomosing . . 35. Hemonia, p. 91.
i^ Fore wing of normal shape.

a^. Both wings with vein 6 absent .... 37. Costahcha, p. 93.
b^. "Vein 6 absent in fore wing, present

in hind wing 40. Nabasodbs, p. 95.

c'. Both wings with vein 6 present,
a*. Fore wing with veins 5 and 10
present.

a'. Fore wing with veins 7, 8, 9
stalked.

a". Palpi porrect 36. ^mene, p. 91 .

¥. Paljii upturned 39. Uteiculofeha,

i". Fore wing with veins 7, 8 stalked, [p. 94.

9 from cell 41 . Diduga, p. 96.

6^. Fore wing with veins 5 and 10 [p. 97.

absent, 7, 8, 9 stalked 42. Pseitdoblabes,

h'. riind wing with vein 3 present.
«'■'. Wings clothed with well-formed scales. [p. 100.

(v'. Hind wing with vein 5 absent 46. Anachhostis,

V . Hind wing with vein 5 present.
a*. Palpi with the 3rd joint very long,

slender, and spatulate at tip .... 65. Cacypahis, p. 126.
i*. Palpi with the 3rd joint short or
moderate,
a". Hind wing with veins 3, 4, 5

stalked and much bent 66. Chandica, p. 127.

b''. Hind wing with veins 4 and 5
from near angle of cell or
stalked.

a". Fore wing with veins 6, 9, and

10 from cell ; 7 and 8 stalked. 43. Gahtjdinia, p. 97.
ii". Fore wing with veins 6, 7, 8

stalked ; hind wing with

veins 4 and 5 on a long stalk. 44. Padenia, p. 98.

AECTIIDjB.

c". Fore wing with veins 6, 7 and

8, 9 stalked. „„
a?. Fore wing of normal shape. 45. liuooA, p. Jy.
J''. Fore wing short, broad, and

rounded 47. Tbischalis, p. 101.

cP. Fore wing with veins 7, 8, and
9, 10 stalked.

a-. Palpi porrect 49. Notata, p. 102.

V. Paljn Upturned 60. Holocbaspedon

efl. Fore wing with veins 8, 9 LP- -l*^ •

stalked ; 7 from cell 48. Tbopacme, p. 101.

j^. Fore wing with veins 7, 8, 9
stalked.

a\ Palpi upturned, reaching
vertex of head.
a?. Fore wing with veins 4
and 5 from cell; hind
wingwith veins 8, 4 and

6, 7 from cell ........ 52. InoPXEBUM, p. 103.

i". Fore wing with veins 4
an d 5 stalked ; hind wing
with veins .3, 4 and 6, 7

stalked 53. ScAPTESYLE,p.l04.

b''. Palpi short and porrect.
a\ ffind tibim with one pair

ofspm-s S4. GuBNA,p.l05.

^(^ Hind tibiae with two pairs

of spurs.

a\ Antennas with the shaft ^, „ in^^

clothed with hair. ... 55. Nepita, p. 10.%
b\ Antenuffi with the shaft LV- •

smoothly scaled .... 56. Miltochmsta,
g\ Fore wi..g with veins 8,9,10 ^^^^^^^^^^ p. io3.

stailiecl • •.• • • • •

Wings sparsely clothed with hair-like

scales and semidiaphanous. _
a\ Antennee with the basal jomt not
dilated. . , .

a*. Hind wing with veins 6 and 4
stalked. . n • ff

flS. Fore wing with vein 11 given ott

from 10, then anastomosing Ll'-

•ruio 58. MaCH.5!E0PH0EA,

with 12 ■"

Fore wing with vein 11 free 122.

from 10 '/i ■ ■ ■

Hind wing with veins 3 and 4 trom

cell. 57 TEicHoi.EPis,p.l20.

aK Wmgs narrow Xanthocbaspeda,

b\ Wings broad ..... . . ■ ; • • • • • ^^"^ 121.

Antennffi with the basal joint di- ^
lated and hairy. , • • i- „f
Antennffi with the basal joint ot
moderate length. _
Fore wing without veinlets be-
tween vein 12 and the costa.
a". Fore wing with veins 9 and 132.
11 present " •

EMGMA.

43

b*. Fore wing with veins 9 and
11 absent, the cell almost

¥. Fore wing with veinlets between
vein 12 and the costa ; veins

reaching the apex

7, 8 and 9, 10 stalked

b*. Antennae with the basal joint ex-
ceedingly long

64. Chamaita, p. 125.

Genus ELIGMA.

Eligma, Hiibn. Verz. p. 164 (1818).

Panglima, Moore, Lep. E. I. Co. p. 297 (1858).

Surina, Wlk. Proc. Nat. Hist. Sac. Glasgoio, i, p. 333 (1869).

Type, E. narcissus. Cram.

Range. Africa; China; throughout India and Ceylon ; Penang;
Java.

Palpi upturned, the second joint reaching above vertex of head,
the third very long and slender, and somewhat spatulate at tip.
Antennae with the cilia miaute. Tibiae thicidy sealed. Pore wing
narrow, the costa much arched at base ; the outer margin nearly
erect to vein 3, then oblique to outer angle ; veins 3, 4, 5 from
close to lower angle of cell ; 6 from just below upper angle ; 7 and
10 from a long areole formed by the anastomosis of 8 and 9. Hind
wing with veins 3, 4, 5 from close to lower angle of cell; 6 and 7
from upper angle.

1257. Eligma narcissus. Cram. Pap. Exot. i, pi. 73, figs. E,F; C.^S.

Head and thorax grey-brown, spotted with black ; abdomen
bright yellow, with dorsal and lateral series of black spots. Pore
legs grey-brown, spotted with black. Mid and hind legs yellow,

no. 559.

Fig. 19. — Eligma narcissus, .

with black spots on the tibiae, the tarsi grey-brown. Pore wing
grey-brown ; the costal area with an olive tinge ; an irregular and
diffused curved white fascia from base to apex ; some Ijasal and

44 ATlCTirD^.

subbasal black spots ; a waved black line from lower angle of cell
to inner margin ; a submarginal series of black spots those towards
outer angle conjoined into streaks. Hind wmg bright yellow ; the
apical area black, suffused or streaked with dark blue, and termi-
nating at vein 1 b ; cilia white at tips.

Hab. China ; Gaflijam ; S. India ; Ceylon ; Penang ; Java. Jixp.,
cJ 68, ? 80 millim.

Genus MIGOPLASTIS.

Migopkstis, Feld. Verh. zool.-bot. Ges. Wien, 1868, p. 285.
Uoldera, Moore, A. M. N. H. (4) xx 18/ p. -^44.
Pachyphilona, Butl. Tram. Ent. Soc. 1876, p. 325.

Type, M. correcta, "Wlk.

Banqe. Eilgiris; Ceylon. wi * o Ar>

Palpi porrect, extending considerably beyond the fronf. An-
tenn? bfpectinate in both sexes. Mid and hind tibia, with the
spurs minute. Fore wing with the apex and outer margin rounded
tehi 3 from before angle of cell, 5 from above it ; 6 from upper
3e • 7 and 10 from a long areole formed by the anastomosis of
8 and'9. Hind wing with vein 2 from before angle of ceU ; 5 from
the angle.

p. 286; Moore, Lep. Ceyl. ii, pi. 100, fag. o.
Head and thorax ochreous brown ; a black speck ^^ronvvo-
head two on collar, two on each patagium, .^^f °^fJ!^\°^yj:o
meso- and metathorax ^ £^:;:^y^;:^: ^ jt^

disk. Hind wing yellow.

Hah. Ceylon. :Ex]p- 52 millim.

Sect II Hind wing of male excised, folded, and lobed at
anal angle ; the branches of antennas shorter.
A. Bind wing with veim 6 and 7 stalked.
1259 Migoplastis hampsoni, Swinh. P. Z. S. 1889, p. 402, pi. 43,
%-2. . ^.

Differs from correcta in the head, thorax, and fore ^j"? be^^JJ

MIG OPLASTIS . DILEMEE A.

45

whole hind wing yellow. Abdomen fuscous in male and without
spots.

Fig. 20. — Migoplastis hampsoni, cj.

Hah. Mlgiri plateau. Exp. 58 millim.

B. (Dondera). Hind wing with veins 6 and 7 from cell.

1260. Migoplastis alha, Moore, A. M. N. H. (4) xx, p. 344 ; Lap. Ceyl.

ii, pi. 98, fig. 3; Bmpsn. III. Het. ix, pi. 157, fig. 25; C.S^S.
no. 479.

Head and thorax yellowish white ; vertex of head with a black
dot; the spots on thorax as in the preceding species, except that
the prothorax has a pair. Abdomen yellow, with a series of dorsal
black bands and two paired series of lateral spots. Fore wing
pure white. Hind wing with a slight fuscous tinge. Underside
fuscous.

Hah. Ceylon. Exp., J 50, $ 52 milhm.

Genus DILEMEEA.
Deilemera, Hiihri. Verz. p. 178 (1818).

Type, D. evergista, Stoll, from Amboina.

Range. N.E. India ; Borneo ; Amboina ; Ternate.

Palpi upturned, the second joint reaching vertex of head, the
third porrect. Antennae pectinate in both sexes, the branches
short in female. Tibias with the spurs short. Fore wing with
the apex rather produced ; the outer margin straight ; vein 3 from
before angle of cell, 5 from above it ; 6 from upper angle or from
above it ; 7 and 10 from a loug areole formed by the anastomosis of
8 and 9. Hind wing with vein 3 from before angle of cell, 5 from
above it ; 6 and 7 stalked ; 8 from after middle of cell.

Sect. I. Hind wing of male with no fold on inner margin ;
the anal angle rounded.

12G1. Dilemera arctata, Wlk. Cat. vii, p. 1664; C. Sf 8. no. 460.
Nyctemera maculosa, Wlk. Cat. xxxi, p. 198; C. ^ S. no. 404.

Head, thorax, and abdomen yellow ; head with black spots on

46

ABCTIID^.

f rons and vertex ; collar, tegulte, and thorax spotted with black ;
abdomen with short segmental bands above, and two pairs ot lateral
spots Fore wing white, with some black spots near the base ;

Fig. 21. — Bilcmera arclata, S-

broad fuscous streaks along costa and inner margin from the base
to the medial maculate band ; a broad margmal fuscous bn d
of more or less conioined streaks, in some specimens having white
spoTs on the margii. Hind wing white, with a marginal series of
rSunded fuscous spots, those towards anal angle elongate.
Hal. Sikhim ; Khasis ; Ndgas. Eccp. 60 millim.

Sect II. Hind wing of male with a very large fold on
' inner margin and the anal angle produced.
1262 Dilemera carissima, Swinh. Trans. Ent. Soc. 1891, p. 477,
pi. 19, fig. 1.

^^r^ri rprbel^ttV^e fuscous ma|ings of fore wing
and submarginal series of hind wing very variable.
sTb. Sikhim ; Ms ; Nagas. Sa^p. 56 milhm.

Genus NYCTEMEEA.

Trvpheromera, Butl. Ill Set. v p. 45 (1881).
Zonosoma, Bull. lU-S^J-^^V- 44-
Pitasila, Moore, P. Z. S. 18/7, p. 599.

IZl'^M^MX^^c.r-, China; PW^'PH- ^/^-^^ ^

InSMiyan,'and ^^^^^S:^^^^^^

Palpi porrectly upturned. ^°t^"S,^^^'P^^^„ ,vith vein 3 from
the branches shorter in l^m^^l^^" ,fj; jj^^e f'-om upper angle,
before the angle of cell, o f^^^^^f^^^'^j^Vonued by the anasto-
7 and 10 from the short areole ^^^/^f ^^/^^i^^*;, ^fore end of
xnosis of 8 and 9. Hmd wmg with ^ j/, Xd or from upper
cell, 5 from angle or from above it 6 and I staiK
angle ; 8 from before middle of ceil.

NYOTBMEBA.

47

Sbct. I. Male without a tuft of hair on the tibia
of fore leg.

1263. Nyctemera lacticinia, Cram. Pap. Rvot. ii, pi. 128, fig. E ;

Moore, Lep. Ceyl. ii, p . 99, ligs. 1, 1 a (larva) ; G. 8^ S. no. 463,

Head, collar, and thorax yellowish white, spotted with black ;
abdomen white, the extremity yellow ; three black spots on the
first segment and slight black bands on the next six above ; two
paired series of lateral black spots. Pore wing hair-brown ; a
broad white streak on base of inner margin ; an oblique post-
medial band of five white spots. Hind wing white ; a broad
marginal brown band with irregularly curved inner edge.

Larva dull red ; a dorsal and two lateral series of radiating
tufts of fine black hairs arising from black tubercles ; two long
forwardly projecting tufts on 1st somite.

Pupa red-brown, in a rolled-up leaf.

Hah. China ; throughout India, Ceylon, and Burma ; Java ;
Ceram. Exp., ^ 42, 5 46-48 millim.

1264. Nyctemera latistriga, Wlk. Cat. ii, p. 397 ; Moore, Lep. Ceyl.

ii, pi. 99, fig. 2 ; C. S. no. 472.
Nyctemera inconstans. Toll. Tijds. Dierk. \, p. 47 (1863).
Nyctemera arcuatum, Voll. Tijds. Diei-h. i, p. 45.
Nyctemera regiilaris, Snelleman, Mid.-&iim., Lep. p. 34 (1880).

Differs from lacticinia in having the broad white streak on base
of inner margin of fore wing replaced by narrow streaks on costa,
vein 1, and inner margin, and by a very broad streak below the
median nervure ; the postmedial kind of spots with the upper two
conjoined, the fourth very large, and fifth absent.

Hah. Throughout India, Ceylon, and Burma ; Andamans ;
Sumatra ; Borneo ; Java. Exp., 44, $ 46 millim.

1265. Nyctemera triptmctaria, Linn. Mm. Lud. Ulr. p. 392 : C.ScS.

110.466.

Nyctemera atralba, Hiibn. Verz. p. 178.

Differs from latistriga in the abdomen having hlack spots on the
vertex instead of bands ; fore wing with the streaks below the
median nervure, on vein 1, and on inner margin being much
longer ; the postmedial spots conjoined into a regular band ; hind
wing with the inner edge of the marginal band evenly curved and
waved.

Hah. Assam ; Malacca ; Singapore. Exp. 50-54 millim.

1266. Nyctemera plagifera, Wlk. Cat. ii, p. 400 ; JButl. Bl. Het v,

pi. 88, fig. 3; C. c5- & no. 471. '

Head, thorax, and abdomen marked as in tripunctaria, except
that the tegulse have three black spots instead of a spot and streak.

48

AECTIIDjE.

Fore wing with the costa dark at base ; the "^^f!!"'""!

Fig. ^'i—Nyctemera plagifera, J ■

''tJ^S^A^out India. Kr,. 58 .ilU..

1267. Nyctemera cenis, Cram. Pap. Exot. ii, pi. 147, Bg. E ; C. ^- S.

110.461. ^ . :j „ 400: Butl. III. Set. v,

Head black, the f-s yeHow ^^^^^^^^^^^^^
thorax orange, spotted -J^. ^Jf J ^^^JSc^^^^ I'ore wing
black above, two lateral P'^j^e'i f °^ ^^reak below vein 1 and
^Hte; two Uack.^'^l^basalspots and a^s^^^^^^^^ irregularly
two below the median uervure ^^;^^^'^^;^^"3^ ^^.U; a series of
placed spots, the spot bet-ee^rjems 2jd^ _^
longitucUnal streaks on ^he mai gm oj costa, and a

into' a band. . Hind w..g -Ij^.,;; J ] ^ >Tand below s'ein 2.

Yunmn, Sy. 48 millim.

1268. nyctemera vamj, m| <J^^^^^^

Pitasila mnolnica, lYloo)e, ±. ^

C. ^ S. no. 468. _

Head Telle ; thora, and £rt" J^'il™
with black ; tegul» ^v,tlJ *" Jt™ M lateml -erie..

NXOTBMEBA.

49

all o£ which are interrupted, the last two coalescing in places.
Hind wing white ; two spots on the costa, one at origin of vein 2,
and four or five on outer margin ; the upper spot irregular : the
two neai- anal angle smaller and often coalescing ; other small spots
may also be present.

Hah. Sikhim ; JST.E. India and Burma. Exp. 56-62 millira.

1269. Nyctemera selecta, Wlk. Cat. ii, p. 399.
Nyctemera bipunctella, Wlk. Cat. xxxv, p. 1880.
Nyctemera abraxoides, Wlk. Journ. Linn. Soc. vi, p. 93.
Pitasila disrupta, Butl. A. M. N. H. (5) xix, 1887, p. 223.
Nyctemera leucospilota, Moore, P. Z. S. 1887, p. 599, pi. 59, fig. 7 ;

C. ^ S. no. 467.

Differs from varians in the abdomen being yellow only at the
extremity. Wings with the markings deeper black. Pore wing
with the whole apical and outer areas black, with three or four
white spots, and connected with the antemedial band by a streak
along the median nervure. Hind wing with a broad black
marginal band with waved inner edge, and with apical, subapical,
and medial white spots.

The spots on vertex of abdomen are sometimes absent, occa-
sionally those towards the extremity become short bands.

Hai. Andamans ; Philippines ; Borneo ; Solomons. Kvp., c?
50, $ 54 millim.

1270. Nyctemera variolosa, Feld. Eeis. Nov. pi. 129, fig. 15 ; C.6f S.

no. 470.

Differs from selecta in the head, thorax, and abdomen being
without the yellow tinge ; abdomen with broad black bands above.
Fore wing with the two antemedial bands more regular and
complete ; a postmedial band from vein 2 to inner margin ; the
marginal black area narrower, with more white spots on it. Hind
wing with the marginal black band broken up into extremely
irregular spots.

Bob. Andamans. Exp. 48 millim.

Sect. II. Male with a large tuft of hair arising from
the base of tibia of fore leg.

1271. Nyctemera coleta. Cram. Pap. Exot. iv, pi. 368, fig. H ; C. Sf 8.

no. 4G2.

Nyctemera nigrovenosa, Moore, P. Z. S. 1879, p. 394 ; id. Lev.
Ceyl. ii, pi. 98, figs. 4, 4 a (larva) ; C. ^ 8. no. 465.

Differs from trlpunctaria in the lower three spots of the post-
medial band of fore wing being separated and having another
spot below them towards outer angle ; cilia white below the apex
and at outer angle. Hind wing with the cilia white below the
apex, and in most specimens at anal angle.

VOL. II. B

50 ABCTUD^E.

The form niyrovenosa from Ceylon has veins 3 and 4 of the hmd
wing black, and the spots of the postmedial band of fore wing

^"S;; hairy; purple, the anterior somites y^l-ish ;

somite black, marked with short dorsal and lateral white streaks.
Pupa yellow, spotted with black. ^
Hah. Assam ; Ceylon; Burma; Malacca; Java; Ceram. Ji^xp.

50-58 millim.

Genus SECUSIO.
Secusio, Wlh. Cat. ii, p. 558 (1854).
Type, /S. sinV/a<a, Wlk. o t r

Banqe. E.Africa; Natal; Aden; S- ^; ^pectiuate in
Palpi long and porrectly upturned. Antern^ g^^gom before

8 from after middle of cell.

1272. Secusio strigata, Wlk. f^^^y;?' fvf ^-^i „ 46, pi. 139, iig- 6.

Secusio parvipuncta, ^"i'f • \w '^.^^^v^^^ 360 and Van

d. Decken, Beisen, m, (2) p. 377, pi. xvi, ng.

, . Head and collar orange, the ^^2^^^ ^^^^^ lZZ,2t:Z
.erfex, the latter with two spots,
with white near the base; a medial series oi

Fig. 23.— Secusio strigata, J • t-

• +Va Nital form strigata than In parvipuncta
which are larger m the Natal torm ^^^^^^en and hind wuig
from E. Africa, Aden, and S. India.

"T^itb an extra white spot in the series on fore wing between
''lltA E. Africa; Aden; S.India. E.p., 6 40, 2 32-
40 millim.

Genus AEGINA.
ArgiBa, Eiibn. Verz. p. 167 (1818).

Type,^--*;«-^i2rWu;; China; throughout India, Ceylon,
anfaa?—; Ne; Guinea; Austraha.

AEGINA. 51

Palpi upturned, reaching the. vertex of head, the 3rd joint short.
Antennas ciliated in both sexes. Mid and hind tibi^ with minute
terminal pairs of spurs. Hind wing of male with a fold on inner
margin containing a glandular patch near the base, with a tuft of
long hair beyond it ; the anal angle produced to a point. Fore wing
with veins 3, 4, 5 from close to angle of cell ; 6 from upper angle ;
7 and 10 from a long areole formed by the anastomosis of 8 and 9.
Hind wing with veins 3, 4, 5 from the angle of cell ; 6 and 7
from upper angle ; 8 from middle of cell.

1273. Argina argus, KoH. HiigeVs Kaschmir, iv, p. 467, pi. 21, fio- 3 •

Moore, Lep. Ceyl. ii, pi. 105, figs. la,b,c (larva) ; C. S,- S. no°7il.

Head, thorax, and fore wing scarlet or brownish red ; two black
yeUow-ringed spots on collar, two on tegul», and three on thorax •
the collar outbned with brilliant scarlet ; abdomen scarlet, with
dorsal, ventral, and two paired lateral series of black spots
lore wmg with six transverse series of yellow-ringed black spots
each series curved, irregularly disposed and variable as to size
and number, the postraedial series bifurcating towards the costa
Hind wing scarlet, with one black spot at end of cell, another at
origm of vein 2, another at its middle, and a submarginal series • a
tew small spots on margin, all these being somewhat variable '

Larva purple-black, with a few dorsal hairs ; head and a lateral
. line from 4th to 10th somites reddish ; a dorsal series of transverse
wmte streaks.

o^f- .^.'^^ug'iout India, Ceylon, and Burma. Exp., s 55
2 64 milhm. v > ^ .

1274. Argina syi-iiiga Cm«». P«^ Kvot. i, pi. v, fig. C ; Moore, Lep.

Ceyl. u, pi. 105, figs. 2, 2 a, 5, c (lai-va) ; C. S. no. 749.
Bombjx crotalanas, Fabr. Ent. Syst. iii, p. 473.

Differs from argus in the head, thorax, and fore wing being pale
pmkish brown ; the spots larger and more prominent, those on the
tore wiug being placed on clouded fuscous bands. Abdomen and
hind wing crimson.

Larva purplish gi-ey with sparse hairs ; series of black dorsal
transverse bands and lateral spots ; head red.

Pupa in a thin network cocoon.

n ^af' .T^^'^iighout India and Ceylon ; AustraUa. Exp., r? 60
2 64 milhm. r > u >

75. Argina crihraria, Clerck, Icon. Ins. ii, pi. 64, fie 4 • aScS

no. 743. r ; 5 ) • •

Phalsena^astraea, Drury, HI. E.xot. Ins. ii, p. 11, pi. 6, fig. 3 ; C. S,- S.

Bombyx pylotis, Fabr. Syst. Ent. p, 685 ; C. S. no. 748
Deiopeia dulcis, Wl/c. Cat. ii, p. 669; C. ^ S. no. 74 t.
Argina guttata, liambur, Lip. And. ii, p. 229 ; C. <!?r 8. no 745
Argina ^notata, Bull. Tram. Ent. Soc. 1877 p. 365 ; C. <^ S.

B 2

52

AMCTIIDiE.

Differs from arqus and cribraria in the head, thorax, and fore
wing being orange-yellow or whitish ; abdomen and bind wing bngiit
orange, the markings similar.

Fig. 24. — Argina cribraria, cj • r-

The form dulcis has the ground-colour of the head thorax, and
fore wing almost pure white; in pardalina it is pale yellow the
spots of the fore wing being placed on wbite bands ; in ?«««^ =
Lata = astrcea the spots are larger and the ground-colour bright
yellow; in pylotis the ground-colour is more orange, the spots

SaurfiT'china ; throughout India Ceylon, and Burma ;
New Guinea. Ex^., 6 35-40, ? 35-50 miUim.

Genus CUROBA.
Curoba, WUc. Cat. xxxi, p. 272 (1864).
Type, G. sangarida, Cram.

Sr-potSt'^r Silt of moderate length. Antenn.
bipecSaK ma e, the branches short, serrate i^n female Fore
W S Tein 3 from before angle of ceU, 5 from just above
ande 6 from upper angle ; 7 and 10 from a long areole formed
by tl; anastomo^sL of I and 9. Hind xving with .em 3 from

?Z 7p»t gleTI of cell. Hind tibi. witb two

pairs of spurs.

■p\g,25.— Curoba sangarida, <J. t-
1276. Curoha sangarida. Cram. Pap. Rvot. iv. pi. 381, fig. D ; C. ^- S.

Cm-oba fasciata, Wik. Cat. xxxi, p.

OTJEOBA. — CASTABALA.

53

Head and thorax brown ; collar outlined with crimson ; abdo-
men crimson, with brown segmental bands above and two paired
series of lateral spots. Fore wing black-brown ; an irregular
yellowish- white band from the costa before the middle to outer
angle ; cilia tipped with white. Hind wing crimson ; the basal
area brown ; a broken irregular postmedial band of black spots ;
outer margin brown, sending streaks along the veins towards the
spots.

Hah. Nilgiris ; Ceylon. Exp. 48 milHm.

Genus CASTABALA.
Castabala, Wlk. Cat. xxxi, p. 270 (1864).

Type, C. roseata, "Wlk.
Jiange. Sikhim ; Calcutta.

Palpi short and porrectly upturned. Antennae ciliated in male.
Tibiae with the spurs short. Fore wing elongate, the apex
rounded ; the outer margin oblique ; vein 3 from before angle of
cell ; 4 and 5 on a short stalk ; 6 from upper angle ; 7, 8, 9 stalked ;
no areole. Hind wing with vein 3 from before angle of cell;
4 and 5 on a short stalk ; 6 and 7 stalked : 8 from near end of
cell.

1277. Castabala roseata, Wlk. Cai. xxxi, p. 270: mtl. III. Het. v,
pl. 87, fig. 1 ; C.^ S. no. 729.

Head and collar crimson ; antennae brown ; thorax bro\vn with
a bluish tinge ; metathorax suffused with crimson ; abdomen
crimson. Fore wing dark brovra, the base bluish ; a yellow patch

Fig. 26. — Castabala roseata, ^ . |.

on inner margin at base ; a subbasal yellow band from the costa ;
an antemedial yellow band interrupted at cell ; a medial spot on
costa and another in cell ; a postmedial curved band and marginal
band widest at apex. Hind wing crimson, with a broad marginal
dark brown band not reaching anal angle.
Mab. Sikhim ; Calcutta. Bxp. 52 millim.

54

AECTIIDjB.

Genus TATARGINA.
Tatargina, Butl. Trans. Ent. Soc. 1877, p. 366.
Type, T. picta, Wlk.

Banae. S. China ; Burma. • , • r

Palpi rather short and porrect. AntenusB simple m temale.
Mid and hind tibiiB with minute terminal pairs oi: spurs. ±ore
wing with vein 3 from before angle of ceU ; 4 and 5 on a short
stalk ; 6 from upper angle ; 7, 8, 9, 10 stalked. Hind wing with
veins 3, 4, 5 from close to lower angle of cell ; 6 and 7 trom
upper angle ; 8 from middle of cell.

1278. Tatargina picta, Wlk. Cat. xxxi,^. 2f ; a 4" "S. no. 760

Tataroina formosa, £utl. Trans. Ent. Soo. 18/7, p. 366, pi. vm,
fip:.17.

9 Head and thorax scarlet ; collar with two whitish patches
with'a black spot centred with grey on each; tegulce, meso- aud
meUthorax with similar patches; abdomen yeUow, red at base.

jTig. 21 .—Tatargina picta,

^ith dorsal and lateral series of bkck spots ^l^^^^,^^^^^^^
Pore wing grey, crossed by six scarlet l^^nds, each on a «h te
X ore wiug g ^, J outhned with black ; cilia

ground edged by black , tbe ^®"^YLir black spots on the costa
scarlet. Hind wmg crimson, with tour ^iacK spors
near the apex, and sometimes other «"^^Pi\^ ,

In the variety formosa the crimson and white biack-edgea oanas
of the fore wing are much narrower than m pc

Hah. S. China; Moulmein; Prome. Exp. 54-5b miUim.

Genus DEIOPIA.

■npioueia StepU. III. Brit. Ent., Haust. ii, p. 92 (1829).
V^GCmbn. Verz. p. 168 (1818), gen. non descr.

Type, D. pulcliella, Linn.

Ba'niie. Universally distributed ^^.^^^^

Palpi porrect, extending ^fy™^,*;,^*™^'-^^^ and somewhat
Pore wing long and narrow, the "^^^r margin shor a^^^

PTBct • vein 3 from before angle ot cell, 4 ana J'. '

upper .ngle ; 7 a„d 10 fro. .« ^-'Xt upp « .n7e1
with vein 5 from above angle of cell . b ana / uom i^y;
8 from middle of cell.

DEIOPIA.

55

Sect. I. Hind wing of male with no fold or glandular
tuft on inner margin.

1279. Deiopia pulchella, Linn. Syst. Nat. l.ii, 884 ; Kirhy, Eur. Butt.
S,- Moths, p. 102, pi. 22, figs. 12, 12 a (larva) -,0.^8. no. 739.
Phatena lotrix, Cram. Pap. Exot. ii, pi. 109, fig. E ; C. if S.
no. 738.

Deiopeia thyter, Butl. Trans. Ent. Soc. 1877, p. 361; C. Sr S.
no. 740.

Noctua pulchra, Esp. Schmett. Eur. tI, p. 570.
Deiopeia antennata, Swinh. A. M. N. H. (6) xii, p. 215.

Head and thorax yellow, the collar and tegulse each with two
black spots, pro-, meso-, and metathorax with one each ; the third
joint of palpi black ; abdomen white. Tore wing white, with five

interrupted scarlet bands with series of black spots between them ;
a marginal series of black spots. Hind wing semi-diaphanous
white ; some specimens with black marks on the discocellulars ; a
very irregular black submarginal band, broad at apical area and
between veins 1 h and 3.

The form lotrix has the third joint of the palpi yellow, and the
black spots on thorax reduced ; thyter has the black spots on fore
wing also reduced to miuute specks. The Malayan and Australian
form antennata has the antennsB of male serrate, sometimes almost
forming pectinations ; it occurs from the Nicobars and Philippines
eastward.

Larva dark grey, with a dorsal white band and subdorsal series
of red spots ; head yellow.

Hah. Europe ; Africa ; throughout India and Ceylon ; Philip-
pines ; Malay Archipelago ; New Gruinea ; Australia and the
Pacific groups. Exp., cJ 40-46, $ 45 millim.

Sect. II. Hind wing of male with a fold and glandular
tuft on inner margin.

1280. Deiopia venusta, Hubn. Samml. exot. Schmett. p. 29, no. 261
fig.s. 521, 522. '
Deiopeia cruentata, Butl. III. Het. v, p. 38, pi. 86, fig. 10 ; C. & 8
no. 737.

Differs from pulchella in the palpi being black with a yellow
band ; the head black, with a white spot on vertex ; the black spots
of the thorax larger. Tore wing with the ground-colour black

Fig. 28. — Deiopia pulchella, cJ.

the red spots being placed on white patches ; an oblique white
Lreglr poBtmedial band. Hind wing with the irregular marginal

%\hr'oT4'T— the ground-colour
of tSorai are yellow; the red spots o the fore --g^-^^;-^^-
and placed on yellowish-white mstead of pure white P^t^^es

Hab. Madagascar; Mauritius; Sikhim; Sumatra. Ea^p., d^O,
5 50-54 millim.

Genus CYANA.

Cyana, Wlk. Cat. ii, p. 528 (1854).
Doliche, Wlk. Cat. ii, p. 529.

girrc^If^St^c/^^^^^^ — ScJ.nett.v.2l (1850).

S;;.''aS:T& China; throughout India, Ceylon,

^rnTenuee ciliated. Eore wing of

Ss^tf^i^ubcostal^vu-^^Y^^^

Tdl^stS. 5 ftrl^^o^;^ . ?ind 7 uLally stalled.

Sect I Eore wing in female with veins 4 and 5 stalked ; male with
ihe costal tuft large ; the lobe single, elongate, and large.

A Fore wing with vein 6 absent in female. Hind wmcj w^th
veins 6 and! from angle of cell.

a Fore wing of male ^vith three blade spots, of female with one.

rMale wlh a large patch of modified chocolate scales on dtsh
\fte wLjon Llerside, a si^ula. patch rn upper paH of
ielQ und iinq on uppersule, the costa beurg Ughly arched.

^'J^ • ,1 ^;fnl■ Caf xx^. v. 230 ; C. <§■ S. no. 656.

Lithosia alborosea, \^^-J^^^^- {Q-jrj' ^ 338 ; C. >§■ S. bo. 667.

Palpi crimson ; head and thorax

white; one scarlet band on

collar and two on thorax ; abdo-
men with a crimson tinge. Pore
w-ing white; a subbasal scarlet
band ; ante- and postmedialneai-ly
straight oblique bands, the former

Fig. 29. inwardly edged with black, the

Cyana peregrina, J • \- latter outwardly ; a marginal

crimson band, M-hich in the male is continued along the costa to
postmedial band. IW wmg paJe crimson.

CYANA. 57

In the form pallens the black edges to the ante- and post-
medial bands are obsolete; the markings of an orange tone;
the hind wing very pale.

Larva forms a large cocoon of extremely open network.

Ilab. China ; throughout India, Ceylon, and Burma ; Sumatra.
Rvp., d" 23, $ 30 millim.

b'. Male without sexual patches or arched casta of hind iving.

1282. Cyana puella, Drwy, ni.Exot. Ins. ii, p. 3, pi. 2, fig. 2;C.^S.

no. 670.

Differs from peregrina in having the antemedial band of fore
wing excurved below the costa ; the postmedial band incurved and
somewhat irregular.

Hub. Dharmsala; Nepal; Bombay; S. India: Ceylon; Java.
Exp., S 28, ? 36 miUim.

b. Fore iving of male with, three red spots, female with one.

1283. Cyana amabilis, Moore, P. Z. S. 1877, p. 597, pi. 59, fig. 2 ;

a ^- S. no. 657.

Differs from peregrina in the antemedial band of the fore wing
being further from the base and more erect; tbe ante- and post-
medial bands without black edges.

Hab. Andamans ; Mcobars. Exp). 22 millim.

B. Foi-e iving with vein 6 present in female ; hind iving with the costa
normal; no modified patch of scales ; veins 6 and 7 stalked.

1284. Cyana eflracta, Wlk. Cat. ii, p. 546 ;C.^S. no. 663.

Head, thorax, and abdomen white, thorax with an orange band ;
end of abdomen in female with a large ochreous tuft. Wings
white ; fore wing with subbasal and antemedial nearly straight
orange bands ; a spot in the cell ; a slightly curved medial band ;
three orange spots in end of cell; a highly curved postmedial
band ; four submarginal spots.

Eab. Nepal ; Sikhim ; Burma. Exp. 27 millim.

Sect. II. Pore wing in female with veins 4 and 5 fi'om
cell ; 7, 8, 9 stalked.

A. Male with the costal tuft large ; the fold large and bilobate.
a. Fore wing with one blade spot in both sexes.

1285. Cyana perornata, Wlk. Cat. ii, p. 548 ; Butl. III. Het. v, pi. 86,

fig. 8; C.Sf S. no. 669.

Differs fromperff/n'nft in the fore wing having in some specimens
a complete irregular marginal band, whilst in others it is reduced

58

to some subapical streaks ; male with some scarlet between the
postmedial band and apex. Hind wing white, the outer area, and
in some specimens the whole wing, more or less tinged with

^ Hah. Sikhim; Assam; Borneo; Java. Exp., d 48, $ 54
millim.

b. Fo7^e ivincf of male ivith three Hack spots, of female with two.
1286. Cyana Manca, Wlk. Cat.-m, p. 1684; C.^ S. no. 660.

DiiJers from peregrina in the scarlet bands of the fore wmg
being much broader ; the black edges to the ante- and postmedial
bands broad and prominent ; the black spots large and promnient.
Hind wing deeper crimson. , i £ +1

In a female from the Karen HiUs the crimson bands ot the
fore wing are not wider towards inner margin, and in a female
from Bhamo all the crimson markings are replaced by orange.

Hah. Sikhim; Cachar ; Burma; Penang; Andamans. Evp.
40 millim.

c. Fore iving with three hlack spots in hoth sexes.

1987. Cyana subornata, Wlk. Cat. ii, p. 550; Moore, Lep. Ceyl. ii,
pl 103, fig. 4 ; C.SfS. no. 673.
Bizone linat^ula, Swinli. Trans. Ent. See. 1891, p. 135.

9 . The markings as in peregrina.

The variety linatula has slender black edges to the ante- and

^°S.^miaiTlla; Matheran; N. Canara ; Ceylon; Andamans;
Borneo, Exp. 36 millim.

B. Male with the costal tuft large ; the fold very large and trilobate.

a. Fore iving with three black spots in both sexes.
1288 Cyana Candida, Feld. Seis. Nov. pl. 106, fig. 17 ; C. S,- S.
no. 731.

Pure white ; coUar with a crimson band ; teguls and vertex of
thorax wiS c imson spots. Pore wing without bands ; the basal
half of Tosta streaked with crimson. Hind wmg pure white.

In . female from Kulu, N.W. Himalayas, the crimson spots on
Jnli and thorax are absent ; and in another from Dalhousie the
S on collar is also absent, the costal band on fore wmg almost
obsolete, as also the black spot at lower angle of c^^^^^^

Hah. N.W. Himalayas ; Sikhim, 8000 to 10,000 teet. J^.ip., d
40, 2 48 millim.

1289. Cyana signa, Wlk. C«<.ii, p. 650; C-l- ^-^o. ^J^- ^
Bizone fasciculata, Wlk. Cat. P- 1684 , C. "°-^«6^-
Bizone adita, Moore, Lep. E I. Co. p. 306 pl. ' g„ 7.
Bizone signa var. walkeri, Elw. P. Z. S. 1890, p. 3J3, pi. 6^, ng.

CYAITA.

59

(j' . Pure white ; palpi black ; collar and tegulae with narrow
crimson bands ; a small spot on vertex of thorax, Fore wing with
a basal crimson spot on costa; a narrow obhquely curved ante-
medial band, the costa crimson from the base to the band ; a
postmedial curved narrow band ; a black spot towards end of cell
and one in each angle, the two latter being conjoined into a streak
in one specimen ; the costal fold on underside ochreous or pink.

$ . Without the crimson streak on base of costa ; the lower black
spot at origin of vein 3 instead of at angle of cell ; the postmedial
band angnlated as well as curved ; in some specimens the black
spots are reduced to specks, one specimen having the spot at
upper angle of cell only.

The form fascieulata has the markings of an orange tone, whOst
in acUta they are crimson. The variety walkeri, Elwes (male
unknown), from Sikhim, has a crimson band on metathorax, the
bands of fore wing broader, the postmedial band doubly curved
instead of angled, the black spots large, and the subbasal band
more complete.

ffab. Himalayas, from Kulu to Sikhim, 7000 to 10,000 feet ;
Khasis ; Burma. Kvj)., J 44, $ 46 miUim.

b. Fore iving of male with three black spots, of female
with two spots,

1290. Cyana puer, Ehves, P. Z. S. 1890, p. 392, pi. 32, fig. 8.

Head and abdomen white ; thorax buff, striped with white ;
Pore wing white ; the basal and outer areas buff ; an antemedial
scarlet angulated band ; a postmedial nearly straight and slightly
oblique band, outwardly edged with black ; a black spot on the
costa beyond the postmedial band. Hind wing buff".

Mab. Sikhim ; Khasis ; Nagas ; Manipur. Exj:). 40 miUim.

1291. Cyana guttifera, Wlk. Cat. vii, p. 1779 ; C. ^ S. no. 666.
Bizone triguttata, Wlk. Char. Undeser. Set. p. 89; C. ^ S. no.

674.

Differs from arama in having the distal segments of abdomen
ochreous ; the antemedial band of fore wing less bent outwards
towards inner margin ; the postmedial band more so. Hind wing
yellow ; the costal area and cilia white.

Hab. N.W. Himalayas ; Sikhim ; Nagas ; Khanddla ; Anda-
mans. Exj). 32 millim.

1292. Cyana sikkimensis, JElwes, P. Z. S. 1890, p. 395.

Differs from guttifera in having the costa streaked with black at
base ; the upper black spot divided by the postmedial band ; no
marginal band ; the hind wing white.

Hab. Sikhim, 7000 to 10,000 feet, Exp., S 42, $ 46 millim.

60 aeotiiDjE.

1293. Cyana divakara, Moore, P. Z. S. 1865, p. 798, pi. 43, fig. 9 ;
C. 8r S. no. 662.

Head, thorax, and abdomen M^hite ; collar and teguloe banded
with orange ; thorax with two orange spots. Fore wing white,
with brownish-orange markings which occupy the whole wing
except a basal patch which extends along the inner margin to near
the centre ; a streak on the subcostal nervure ; a patch at end ot
cell on which are the three black spots, the two on the disco-
cellulars being conjoined ; a spot at centre of mner margin ; the
costal tuft white, with an irregular baud from it to inner margin
and a black speck below it ; cilia and hind wmg white Under-
side white ; the costal and outer areas of fore wing suftused witn
fuscous ; a dark lunule at end of cell of hmd wing.
ffab. Sikhim. Ilxp., 6 48, ? 36 milhm.

c. Fore wing of male with tiuo hlaclc sjiots, female with three.
1294. Cyana molleri, Ehoes, P. Z. S. 1890, p. 395.

Differs from dohertyi in being without the dark lunule at end of
cell of hind wing on underside.

Sikhim; Khasis. 38 milhm.

d. Fore wing in both sexes with three fuscous ring-spots in the cell.
1995 Cyana detrita, Wlk. Cat. ii, p. 629; Butl. 111. Het. v, pi. 86,
BaSne'suffltr -T^l: Ca, xxxi, p. 250 ; C. ^- S. no. 707.
-Hpnrl thorax and abdomen white suffused with fuscous. Fore
wi?rwM? rrova^^^^^^ fuscous and with ill-defined and much
lS^:iL.l, antemedial, postmedial and submargi^^^^

^^S: ^^^^ Naga HiUs. K.p., . 28, 2 38
millim.

1296 Cyana gelida, Wlk. Cat. ii, p. 529; Putl. Ml. Set. v, pi. 86,
fig. 6; 0.^5.110.654.

""iJ wt'! SirSw. 32-36 .iUin..

OTAITA.

61

C. Male with the costal tuft very minute ; the fold minute and

unilohate,

a. Male with ilvree hlacJc spots in the cell.

1297. Cyana bellissima, Moore, P. Z. S. 1878, p. 27, pi. iii, fig. 13 ;

a S. no. 659.

S . Head and collar white, the latter fringed with crimson ;
thorax and abdomen crimson. Eore wing pinkish ; a crimson
snbbasal band ending at vein 1 ; an antemedial broad crimson
oblique band widest at inner margin ; a similar curved postmedial
band ; a blaclt subcostal streak beyond the postmedial band ; the
outer area buff. Hind wing bright crimson.

5 . The bands of the fore wing narrow ; a narrow buff sub-
marginal band instead of the whole outer area being buff; in
a specimen from E. Pegu this band is crimson ; hind wing with
the apex, margin, and cilia white.

JIab. Mussooree ; Sikhim ; E. Pegu. Kvi^, d 46, $ 51-64
millim.

1298. Cyana coccinea, Moore, P. Z. S. 1878, p. 28, pi. iii, fig. 14 ;

C. ^&no. 661.

c? . Head and collar ochreous, the latter fringed with crimson ;
thorax and abdomen crimson; the anal tuft ochreous. Wings
dark crimson ; fore wing with some black subbasal specks ; a
broad excurved antemedial band ; an incurved submarginal band
with dentate outer edge.
Bab. Sikhim. Kvjo. 53 millim.

1299. Cyana harterti, JEhves, P. Z. S. 1890, p. 398,

Differs from guttifera in having the black spots of the fore
wing smaller; the yellow bands narrower. Hind wing pure
white.

Bab. Upper Assam. Exp. 24 millim.

b. Fo7-e wing with three yellow conjoined spots in the cell in
both sexes.

1300. Cyana gazella, Moore, P. Z. S. 1872, p. 572, pi. 33, fig. 4:

C. Sr S. no. G65. ' s »

Head, thorax, and abdomen white, the thorax much suffused
with pale orange. Pore wing white ; a short basal pale orange
band ; subbasal, antemedial, postmedial, and marginal bands con-
nected by transverse spurs and the three conjoined cell-spots into
reticulations. Hind wing white.

Bab. N.W. Himalayas ; Sikhim. Exp., J 36, $ 48 millim.

62 ahctiidjE.

D. Male ivith the costal tuft small; tlie fold small and hilohate.

a. Fore iving ivith three hlacJc spo<s in hoik sexes.

1301. Cyana arama, Moore, Lep. E. I. Co. p. 306, pi. vii.a, fig. 10;
C. 8f S. no. 658.

White • the palpi bhick ; collar and tegulsB banded with yellow ;
abdomen with the distal portion suiJused with crimson. Pore
wing with subhasal, antemedial, postmedial and submarguial
obliquely curved yellow bands; the three black spots large in
female, smaller in male, the upper spot being placed outside the
postmedial band below the costa. Hind ^v:ng white, more or ess
suffused with pale pink ; a dark lunule at end of cell on unders.de.
Hab. Kulu; Sikhim; Khasis. Exp. 54:mil\im.

1302. Cyana dohertyi, Mwes, P. Z. S. 1890, p. 394, pi. 32, fig. 4.

Differs from arama in having the abdomen white ; the ante-
medial band of fore wing less bent outwards towards inner
marSn; the postmedial band straighter; the upper black spo at
angTof cell. W wing pure white, with a dark lunule at end of
cell on underside.

Hab. Sikhim ; Naga Hills. Exp. 40 milhm.

Genus KERALA.
Kerala, Moore, P. ^.S. 1881, p. 329.
Type, K. punctilineata, Moore.

far^afe^iuT'obWp^^^^^^^ Antenn. minutely
•1 ofp? Ce wSg long and narrow, the outer margin short and
cihated. .•^f^'TS f^jjj ^.lose to angle of cell; 6 from upper
SV- ;T m\t'short areo\e; 10 from^f ter it. Hind wing ..th
a p^ch o modified scales occupying the greater part of th di k
^ I nnrl 4 stalked • 5 from above angle of cell ; 6 and / s alked
?Som middJe of celL Eetinaculum from median nervure m both

sexes.

1303. Kerala punctilineata, Moore, P. Z. S. 1881, p. 330; C. S,- S.

KeTala multipunctata, Moore, Lep. Ml., p. 93, pi. iv, fig. 4;
C. I- S. no. 1640.

i. Head, ^-\^:iz^\-^::.!^^:i.f^..^i^t

an indistinct antemedial double ' .'''^ ' .^u^^^^rginal lunulate

KERALA. — DOHBETYA. 63

whitish fuscous ; the raised glandular scales brown. Abdomen
whitish.

JPig. 30. — Kerala punctilineata, cJ.

5 . Head reddish ; thorax and abdomen fuscous white. Fore
wing grey or without the raised white scales in cell and on disco-
cellulars ; the ante- and postmedial lines almost obsolete.

In a male from the Naga HiUs the head, thorax, abdomen, and
fore wing are suffused with pale red-brown.

Hob. Sikhim ; Naga Hills. Exp. 40-42 millim.

Genus DOHEETYA, nov.

Type, D. cymatopJioroides, Hmpsn.
Range. Burma.

Palpi short and porrect ; antennse minutely serrated ; mid tibia
with one pair of long spurs, hind tibias with two pairs. Pore
wing long and narrow, the apex rounded ; veins 4 and 5 from
lower angle of cell, 6 from upper angle ; 7, 8, 9, 10 stalked
Hind wing with veins 3 and 4 stalked ; 5 absent; 6 and 7 stalked •
8 from beyond middle of cell. '

1304. Dohertya cymatophoroides, n. sp.

c? . Head red-brown, the frons pale ; thorax pale, the collar
outlined with black ; abdomen pale brown. Fore wing pale

Fig. 31. — Dohertya cymatophoroides, cJ. \.

reddish brown, the basal half darkest ; an indistinct curved dark
antemedial line ; a whitish speck towards end of cell and lunule
on discocellulars; traces of a pale curved postmedial line- a
series of marginal dark specks. Hind wing fuscous.

Bob. E. Pegu (Doherty). Exp. 36 millim. Type in coll
iliiwes.

64

Genus ADREPSA.

Adrepsa, Moore, Lcp. Atk. p. 37 (1879).

Type, A. stilbioides, Moore.

^^"?f-l^'St and porrect; antennae nearly simple. Tore

above tt afgle ; 6 and 7 stalked ; 8 from mxddle of ceU.

*1305. Adrepsa stilbioides, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 38, pi. ii, fig. 20;
C. S. no. 732.

white ; abdomen yellow, i T^^f i ^

:td wilh a few life specks. Hind ^ving pale yellow, w.th a
series of marginal black striEB.
Hab. Assam. Exp. 48 mdlim.

Genus AGRISITIS.
Agrisius, Wlk. Cat. iii, P- 723 (1855).
Type, A. guttivitta, Wlk,

Ra7ige. Sikhim. reacWng vertex of head, the

Palpi upturned, the second ]omt reacmn| ^ ^^^^

third long. Antenna ^^'^^ rL the angl" -PPe^ angle ;

before angle of eel ; 4 ^f^^^/.^^^j^f^a'^^g'^it^ vein 3 from just
Lt:ti;1:giTcSfTa^d |U thi angle, e and 7 from
upper Mgle; 8 from middle o£ cell.

1306. A^m-g.t«t«^ ill, V- ^^-^ ^««- ^'

pi. 87, fig. 2; C. C5--S. no. 040.

Head thora^wMte, the lat^r spotted ^th bl.ci , the W

pjg_ ^2.— Agrisius guttivitta, S- t-

the distal segments black fringed
segments of abdomen white, the distal g

AGRISIUS. — MACKOBEOCHIS .

65

with piile hairs. Pore wing white ; the basal half with numerous
black spots ; the veias of the outer area streaked with black.
Hind wing white, slightly suffused with fuscous ; the veins smoky
black.

Hub. Sikhim. Exp. 46 millim.

1307. A^risius fuliginosus, Moore, P. Z. S. 1872, p. 571, pi. 33,
iif?. 3 ; C.^S. no. 644.
Agrisius japonicus, Leech, P. Z. S. 1888, p. 598, pi. 30, fig. 10.

$ . Differs from guttivitta in being wholly suffused with pale
fuscous. Pore wing with the spots confined to the basal one-
fourth of wing, except for two medial spots below the eosta, and
six between the lower angle of cell and inner margin ; the veins
of outer area slightly streaked with black. Hind wing uniform
fuscous.

Hah. China ; " India." Exp. 56 millim.

Genus MACROBROCHIS.

Macrotrocliis, Herr.-Schdffer, Samnil. aussereur. Schmett. p. 72 (1856).
Tripura, Moure, Lep. E. I. Co. p. 298 (1858).

Type, M. gigas, "Wlk.

Range. Himalayas ; Assam ; Naga Hills.

Palpi upturned, reaching vertex of head, and thickly scaled, the
third joint short. AntennfB with the bristles long in male. Eore
wing with vein 3 from before angle of cell ; 4 and 5 from angle ;
6 from upper angle or beyond it ; 7 and 10 from the areole ; 11
often anastomosing with 12. Hind wing with vein 3 from before
angle of cell ; 4 or 5 from the angle ; 6 and 7 stalked ; 8 from
before middle of cell.

Sect. I. {Macrohrocliis). Fore wing with vein 6 from beyond
angle of cell.

1308. Macrobrochis glgas, Wlls.. Cat. ii, p. 494; Butl. III. Bet. v,

pi. 87, fi?. 4; C.^S. no. 656.
Macrobrocliis interstitialis, Herr.-Schdffer, Samml. aussereur.

Schmett. tig. 531.
Macrobrochis leucospilota, Moore, P. Z. S. 1878, p. 8; C. S.

no. 557.

Macrobrochis albicans, Putl. III. Het. v, p. 41, pi. 87, fig. 6 ;
C. ^ S. no. 554.

Macrobrochis nigrescens, Moore, P. Z. S. 1878, p. 8 ; C. ^- S.
no. 5.j8.

Macrobrochis atrata, Ptitl. III. Het. v, pi. 87, fig. 3 ; C.^S. no. 556.

Head and collar orange ; thorax black above with a metallic
green tinge, orange below ; the tegulre striped with orange ;
abdomen greenish black, the extremity and ventral surface orange ;
a series of lateral white marks. Fore wing black with a green

VOL. u. li-

66

AEOTIIDJE.

tinge : a small white spot at base, with a larger one beyond it ; a
spot in end of ceU and another below it; a streak betvyeen veins 2
and 3, and an irregular siibmarginal series. Hind wing with the
basal half white, the outer half black.

Fig. 33.— MaurobrocMs gigas, 6

The form interstitiaUs has a white subbasal streak on inner
mar'in of fore wing and the white markings larger, the hmd wmg
wfth some wiitish streaks on the marginal black area ; m levco-
white submarginal streaks of the ^^-^ wmg a^ arger
and in alUcans the submarginal series of fore .^^"^^J, fj/""
very lar-e and prominent; in nkjresmis the white marlungs ot
both wfngs are very much reduced, and in atrata qu.te or almost

""^71 Sibhim; Bhutan; Assam. Ex^., 6 80, 2 85 miDim.

Sect. 11. (Tripura). Tore wing with vein 6 from the angle

of cell.

1309. Macrobrochis prasena, Moore, Lep. E. I. Co. p. 299, pi. 7 a, fig. 6 ;
C. ^ S. no. 560.

Trend thorax and abdomen blue-black; collar and underside

white ; 'the apical area black ; a ^lack Inie.

Hah. Dalhousie; Dharmsala; Sikhim; Isaga
58 millim.

1310. Macrobrocliis pallens, n. sp.

grey. Wmgs grer^^-^^^^^f";? Saving and veins clouded

Hind wing
Hills. E.rp.

costa narrowly blue-grey;

with fuscous. . ^ ,TT J! i\

Hah. Dalhousie ; Simla {Harford).

Type in B. M.

E.tp., 6 46, 2 54 millim.

BIDYMA.

67

Genus SIDTMA.

Sidyma, Wlk. Cat. vii, p. 1686 (1856).
Vamuna, Moore, P. Z. S. 1878, p. 10.

Type, S. albifinis, "Wlk.

liaage. Himalayas ; Khasi Hills.

Palpi upturned, reaching vertex of head, the third joint short.
Thorax and abdomen somewhat stout and hairy. Fore wing with
vein 8 from before angle of cell, 4 and 5 stalked ; 6 from middle
of areole ; 7 from after areole ; 10 from the areole. Hind wing
with vein 3 from before angle of cell ; 4 and 5 stalked ; 6 and 7
from upper angle ; 8 from middle of cell.

Sect. I. {Sidyma). Male with the antennae bipectinated, the
branches fine and of moderate lensfth.

1311. Sidyma albifinis, Wlk. Cat. vii, p. 1686 ; C.S^S. no. 561.
Head, thorax, and abdomen fuscous ; collar, underside of thorax,

Fig. 34. — Sidyma albifinis, t£. \.

and anal tuft ochreous. "Wings fuscous ; the apical area of both
wings white.

Hab. N.W. Himalayas. Exj)., d 42, $ 45 millim.

1312, Sidyma apicalis, Moore, P. Z. S. 1878, p. 9, pi. 1, fig. 2; C. S.
no. 662.

Differs from albifinis in being purplish black ; the head, collar,
and underside of thorax orange-red; the apical white patch of
fore wing smaller, of hind wing absent.

Hab. Sikhim. E.vjo. ^ 42, $ 44 millim.

Sect. II. ( Vamuna). Male with the antennae ciliated.
1313. Sidyma teema, Moore, P. Z. S. 1865, p. 798 ; C.^S. no. 615.

Palpi orange, the terminal joint brown. Head, thorax, and
fore wing uniform hair-brown; abdomen brown, with the ex-
tremity yellow. Hind wing with the inner half brown • the
costal and apical areas yellow ; a marginal yellow band extending
to anal angle.

JIab. aikhim. E.vjp., c? 47, $ 56 millim.

QQ AECTIIDJB.

1314. Sidyma maculata, Moore, P. Z. S. 1878, p. 10, pi. 1, fig- 5;
a ^ S. no. 564.

^ Head thorax, and abdomen pale ochreous ; palpi orange,
the third io'int black; frons black. Eore wing pale ochreous,
itf; eWed with brown. Hind wing pale orange ; three large
1 oLnnI Wnck natches, the patch at middle largest. Under-
S oS w^^^^^^^^ patch on vein 2 and a large patch

on disk showing through to upperside.

P naler with the black markings considerably reduced.

Eab. Sikhim. Exp., 6 46, $ 55 inillim.

1315 Sidyma remelana, Moore, P. Z. S. 1865 p 798 ; C. ^ J- ^o- 565-
GnSia quadrimaculata, MoscMer, Siett. ent. Zert. 18/.,
p°352; C. .S. no. 629.

^ Head white; palpi black at tips, the Proboscis yellow ; a
. j±eaa wuiuB , 1 t- Thorax and abdomen white,

frontal band and anten^^^^^ apical portion of outer margin
IrXZl t^^^^^^ Po"-«d,a'l ban'd widest at veins 2 to 5
?ud oten Srupted belol the costa. Hind wing white, ..th

^ ^rStontf iZd t^^^^^^^^^^ W-e wing with the costa
2 . ihe trontai uviu , tineed with black ; the post-

-tiT^.:rS^t^o : sfoC^n^. mnd wing with the
^^ir tkhim; Kh&sis. E.j>., 6 44, 2 52 milUm.

1316 Sidyma bipars, Moore, P Z. S. 1878, p. 10, pL 1, H;
C. Sf S. no. 563.

7 « i-hf' frons being black, the under-

side oE head md 'l'?"^^/™" ' ll"w ^ the whole outer area
S'^rliBf S:*; "1 bSS»Lg™l'ba.d o„ nnd fro„
the inteiM-median interspace to w^^^^ „i„g „ith the dark a.«a

/ • ffr:^t:lm^i:ufur,!:^^ Ain, at ape. blaek ;
SndC XL Patehreduced to a spot.

Eab. Sikhim. ^2 miUim.

Genus MAHAVIRA.
Mahavira, Moore, P Z. S. 1878, p. 11-
Type, M. flavicollis, Moore.

Manne. Sikhim. . i,„„„„rl the frons. Antennso of male
Palpi porrect, reaching eilia. Legs with the

^ith eVemely long binstles and a^^^^^ ^^.^^^ q f,,,„

spurs long no areole. Hind wing with

upper angle ot ceu , f ,

MA.HAVIEA. — GNOPHHIA.

vein 3 from angle of cell ; 4 and 5 stalked ; 6 and 7 stalked ; 8
from middle of cell.

1317. Mahavira flavicollis, Moore, P. Z. S. 1878, p. 11, pi. 1, fig. 3 ;
C. L§- S. no. 571.

cJ . Pure white ; collar and antennae tinged with yellow. Fore
wing with the veins yellowish fuscous.

Fig. 35. — Mahavira flavicollis, (S ■ }■
Hah. Sikhim. Exp. 36 millim.

Genus GNOPHEIA.

Gnophria, Steph. III. Brit. Ent., Haust. ii. p. 98 (1829).
Atolmis, Hdbn. Verz. p. 164 (1818), gen.non descr.
Ghoria, Moore, P. Z. 8. 1878, p. 12.
Chiiringa, Moore, P. Z. S. 1878, p. 9.
Hesudra, Moore, P. Z. S. 1878, p. 12.

Type, G. ruhricollis. Linn., from Europe.
Jiange. Europe ; Himalayas.

Palpi upturned, reaching vertex of head, the second joint hairy.
Thorax and abdomen slender and smooth. Fore wing with
vein 3 from before angle of cell ; 4 and 5 stalked ; 6 from or
from after angle of cell ; 7 and 10 from areole. Hind wing with
vein 3 from angle of cell; 4 and 5 stalked; 6 and 7 stalked;
8 from middle of cell.

Fig. 36. — Gnophria sericeipcnnis, J. \.

Sect. I. (Gnophria). Antennae with short cilia and bristles.

1318. Gnophria sericeipennis, Moore, P. Z. S. 1878, p. 13; C. ^ S.
no. 575.

$. Frons fuscous; vertex of head white; collar yellowish

70

AECTIIDJE.

white; thorax fuscous; abdomen fuscous white, the anal tuft
ochreous. Pore w iug silky white ; the inner area fuscous. Hiud
wing white. Underside of fore wing fuscous.
Hah. Sikhim. Exp. 49 millim.

1319. Gnophria alhocinerea, Moore, P. Z. S. 1878, p. 13, pi. 1, fig. 10 ;
C. ^ S. no. 574.

S . Differs from sericeipennis in the tegulffi being white, with a
fuscous streak. Fore wing with the inner fuscous area narrower.
Hind wing fuscous ; the ciha white. Underside fuscous, the inner
margin of hind wing whitish.

Ilab. Sikhim. Esej). 40 millim.

Sect. II. (Churinga). Antennas of male bipectinated.

1320. Gnophria divisa, Moore, P. Z. S. 1878, p. 12, pi. 1, fig. 4 ;
a ^ S. no. 573.

cT. Head yellow; thorax purplish grey; abdomen paler, \dth
ochreous anal tuft. Pore ^ving with the costal half yellow, the
inner half purplish grey ; basal half of costa black. Hmd wing

pale yellow.

Bab. Sikhim. i;^^. 35 mdlim.

1321. Gnophria rufifrons, Moore, P. Z. S. 1878, p. 10, pi. 1, fig- 12 ;
C. 8r S. no. 616.

A Head and collar orange ; thorax fuscous, the tegulaj fringed
with yellow; abdomen orange-yellow. Pore wmg f;is'^«'^S;
broad costal ;eilow streak not reaching the apex; a yellow streak
on inner margin ; cilia veUow. Hind wing orange-yellow.

$^th the yellow streak to costa and inner margin of fore wing

N.W. Himalayas; Sikhim. E.vp., 6 55, $ 64 milUm.

1322. Gnophria postfasca, n. sp.

^ Head and thorax dark leaden grey; abdomen paler ; palpi
.nd coHar orange. Pore wing dark leaden grey ; costa narrowly
Inge from befL middle to al^ex. Hind wing fuscous. Pemora
and underside of abdomen yellow.

llab. N.W. Himalayas. Ea-p. 36 milhm. Type in coll.

Moore.

PABAOITA. — PHTLAGRIA.

71

Genus PARAONA.
Paraona, Moore, P. Z. S. 1878, p. 8.

Type, P. splendens, Butl.
Range. Bombay.

Palpi porrect. Antennee with short bristles iu female. Eore wing
with vein 3 from before angle of cell ; 4 and 5 from angle ; 6 and
10 from the areole ; 7 from after it. Hind wing with vein 3 from
angle of cell ; 4 and 5 on a short stalk ; 6 and 7 stalked ; 8 from
middle of cell.

1323. Paraona splendens, Butl. Trans. Ent. Soc. 1877, p. 357 ; Moore,
P. Z. S. 1878, pi. 1, fig. 1 ; a^- S. no. 607.

2 . Fuscous ; the head, tegulse, and metathorax metallic blue-
green ; collar bright yellow. Fore wing with a coppery tinge ; the

Fig. 37. — Paraona splendms, J . \.

veins streaked with blue-green, especially the nervures near the
base ; a golden-yeUovv streak from the base below the median f
nervure. ,
Eab. Bombay. Exp. 44 milUm.|

Genus PHILAGRIA.
Philagria, Kirby, Cat. Lep. Het. p. 236 (189'J)
Type, P. entella. Cram.

liange. India, Ceylon, and Burma ; Borneo ; Celebes ; New
Hebrides.

Palpi porrect, the second joint fringed with hair. Antennas of
male bipectinated, the branches short, and with a bristle from the
end. Fore wing very long and narrow ; vein 3 from before angle
of cell ; 4 and 5 from angle ; 6 from upper angle ; 7, 8, 9, stalked ;
no areole. Hind wing with veins 4 and 5 stalked ; 6 and 7 on a
short stalk ; 8 from middle of cell.

1324. PMlagria entella, Cram. Pap. Rvot. iii.pl. 208, fig. D; C. ^- S.
no. 670.

Noctua delia, Fabr. Mant. Ins. ii, p. 140.
iEonistis entelliola, Hiibn. Verz. p. 105.
Noctua convoluta Fabr. Sp. Ins. ii, p. 215.

72

AECTIIDJE.

Head, collar, and abdomen orange ; thorax and extremities of
teguL-B metalUc blae-green. Wings pale orange Fore wing with
the costa, except the apex, blue-greeu; a medial blue-green baud

Fig. 38. — FMlagria entella, ^ .

expanding into a large quadrate patch below j ^ ^, ^^"^

from the costa before the apex joined to a large quadrate patch on
outer margin. Hind wing orange. TTpViriflPs
Hah. S. India; Ceylon; Burma; Borneo; New Hebrides.

Exp., c? 42, $ 46millim.

Genus CHIlYS.ffiGLIA.

Chrysseglia, Bull. Trans. Ent. Soc. 1877, p. 356.
Type, 0. magnifica, Wlk.

Uamje. Himalayas and Assam ; Borneo. _ Ar^fPi^TifP of

Palpi porrect, the second joint fringed with hair. Antenna ot
male with strong cilia and bristles. Fore wing very long and
narrow ; yeiu 3 from before angle of cell ; 4 and 5 from angle ; 6
from uwer angle; 7, 8, 9, stalked, 7 from before or from the
saTe pSnt as I ; no' ar^ole. Hind wing with vein 5 absent ; 6
and 7 on a short stalk ; 8 from middle of cell.

1325. Chrysffiglia magnifica, Wlh. Joum. Linn. Soc. tI, p. 103;

Ch^yilia feSLciata, Moore, P. Z. S. 1878, p. 13. pL 1, %• 6 ;
C. ^ S. no. 668.

Head, thorax, and abdomen orange-yellow ; tegul^ metallic blue-

Fig. 39. — Chrysmglia magnifica, ^.

m-een. Tore wing golden yellow; the costa with a blue-green
fascia extending into middle of cell; a blue-green spot towards
base of inner margin ; a medial band widest in the interno-median

CHBYSvEGLIA. — CERYSOBABDIA.

73

intei'space; a marginal band, wide in male, narrow in female.
Hind wing yellow; the apical portion of outer margin fuscous.

Hab. Simla, Nepal ; Sikhiui ; Khasi Hills ; Bibsagar ; Naga
Hills ; Borneo. Exp., d 50, $ 58 millim.

Genus (EONISTIS.

CEonistis, Hiihn. Verz. p. 165 (1818).

Tjpe, (E. quadra, Linn.

Range. Europe ; Japan ; China ; Sikliim.

Palpi upturned, reaching vertex of head. Antennae ciliated in
both sexes. Pore wing long and narrow; veins 3, 4, 5 from
angle of cell, or 3, 4 on a short stalk ; 6 from below npper angle ;
y rising from 10 and anastomosing with 7 and 8 to form the
areole. Hind wing with veins 3 and 4 stalked ; 5 absent ; 6
stalked with 7 in female, absent in male ; 8 from before middle of
cell.

1326. (Eonistis quadia, Linn. Syst. Nat. i, p. 840.

c? . Palpi orange, the third joint black. Head black, the vertex
orange ; thorax orange, with a black spot on shoulders ; abdomen
ochreous, the anal tuft fuscous ; a broad fuscous marginal band.
Hind wing pale yellow, the costal area whitish fuscous.

2 . Uniform orange-yellow ; abdomen and hind wing paler ;
fore wing with a postmedial blue-black spot on costa and another
on vein 2 ; cilia at apex black.

Fig. 40. — (Eonistis quadra, J. }.

The Japan form dives, Butl., has a narrower fuscous margin to fore
wing in male, the female being indistinguishable.

The single female from Sikhim has vein 5 of the fore wing
absent; if this is found to be constant it will have to be trans-
ferred to the genus Lithosia, being possibly the female of L. colon,
Moschl., and CE. quadra removed from the Indian list.

J/ab. Europe; Sikhim. Exj}., d 46, 2 48 millim.

Genus CHRYSORABDIA.

Chrysorabdia, Btitl. Trans. Ent. ISoc. 1877, p. 357.

Type, G. virklata, Wlk.

Jlanc/e. Himalayas ; Assam ; Burma.

74 ABCTIIDiE.

Palpi short and porrect. Anteunse of male with the cilia and
bristles short. Pore wing very long and narrow; veins 6 and 4
from end o£ cell ; 5 absent ; 6 from upper angle ; 10 from areole,

7 from beyond it. Hind wing witli vein 5 absent ; the cell open ;

8 from middle of cell. Males with a large patch of differently
formed scales on the fore wing near base of inner area.

1327 Chrvsorabdia viridata, Wlk. Cat. xxxi, p. 225 ; Moore, P. Z. S.
' 1878, p. 19, pi. 2, lis. 1 ; C\J- S. no. 628
Gnophria strigata, Moschler,Stctt. ent. Zeit. 1872, p. 353, C. <5

no. 627.

A. Head, collar, and tegulae yellow ; thorax blue-black; abdo-
men yellow with a fuscous tinge. Tore wing with a yellow band

along the costa not extending to
the base; a broad blue-black
subcostal band; a yellow band
below median nervure and vein 4 ;
a broad blue-black band near the
inner margiTi, which is yellow.
-.„^ Hind wing pale yellow.

Pig. 41. 5 . Fore wing without the yel-

Chrysorahdia viridata, $ . t- Jqw band on costa ; the upper
blue-black band narrow and extending along the costa in one
specimen not reaching the apex ; the lower blue-black band obh^ue
from the base to centre of outer margin.

Hah. Sikhim; Silhet. Exp., 6 40, ? 42-48 millim.

1328. Chrysorabdia bivitta, Wlh.CatV^^^ p. 1682; ^- ^.-^^ "'f I

Lithosia disjuncta, Moon, P. Z. S. 1865, p. iVi , t.. g
no. 619.

^ Head, thorax, and abdomen yellow ; thorax with a black
sJt ^nver ex and the tegula. metallic blue. Fore wing greyish
vSor a narrow costal blue streak not reaching the apex ; a
blue fascia in interno-median interspace interrupted by the
J of scaLs being greyish yeUow; an elongate blue patch from
pnd of cell to near outer margin. Hmd wmg paler.

9 without the black spot on thorax or blue tegul^; fore wing
.^t^ the coll fascia verj^ broad, the medial fascia commuous

Hab. N.W. Himalayas; Sikhi.n; Mampur; Burma. A.^^., 6
50, ? 52-68 millim.

Genus THYSANOPTYX, nov.
P.lp; porrect, the seco»d i-"! ™Pl» tor^";.i,,/l ^

THrSANOPTIX. — PTYOPTBEOTA.

75

3 and 4 on a short stalk ; 5 absent ; 6, 7, and 10 from the areole,
6 and 7 being curved; 11 anastomosing with 12: male, the cell
extremely narrow so as to distort the neuration ; 11 not anasto-
mosing with 12. Hind wing with veins 3 and 4 stalked ; 5 absent ;
6 and 7 from upper angle of cell ; 8 from middle of cell.

1329. Thysanoptyx tetragona, WlJc Cat. ii, p. 510 ; Butl. III. Het.

V, pi. 86, lifj. 14; C. S. no. 612.
TeuUsna tenuisigna, Muore, F. Z. S. 1878, p. 24, pi. 2, fig. 13 ;
C. 4- S. no. 611.

Teulisna sordida, Butl. III. Het. v, p. 39, pi. 86, fig. 15 ; C. Sr S.
no. 610.

Teulisna oblonga, Butl. Trans. Ent. Sue. 1877, p. 355.

cJ . Prons black ; head and collar white ; thorax and extremities
of tegul^ black ; abdomen pale fuscous, the extremity odhreous.

Fore wing white, with a large quadrate
black patch below the end of the cell ;
a postmedial black spot on the costa ;
the apical poi'tion of costa and cilia
black. Hind vTing pale ochreous.

5 with the fore ^^ ing suffused with
ochreous ; the black patch extending
Pig. 42. into the cell ; the postmedial spot

Thysanoptyx teiraffona, cS . {. larger.

In the form oblonga from Borneo
the quadrate patch is smaller and the hind wing white ; sordida
has a black spot near the base of fore wing, the outer area of hind
wing suffused with fuscous.

Hab. Sikhim; Silhet; Nagas; Nilgiris; Borneo. Exp., 30-34,
2 36-38 miUim.

Genus PTTOPTEROTA, nov.

Type, P. obscura, Hmpsn.
Range. Burma.

(S . Palpi upturned, the second joint reaching vertex of head,
the third short ; antennae minutely ciliated ; claspers of male
large ; spurs on tibife long. Fore wing with the apex nearly rect-
angular ; vein 2 much curved at base ; 3 from before end of cell ;

4 and 5 from angle ; 8 and 9 anastomosing to form the areole ; a
large tuft of long scales from subcostal nervure on underside from
base to near end of cell. Hiud wing with veins 3 and 4 from
angle of cell ; 5 absent ; 6 and 7 on a short stalk.

1330. Ptyopterota obscura, n. sp.

cJ . Tore wing with a dark speck at base and spot above inner
margin before the middle ; obscure antemedial, medial, and post-
medial sinuous lines, the medial extending from costa to below
cell ; a black speck at end of cell ; an ill-defined submarginal

7Q ARCTIIDjE.

sinuous fuscous band. Hind wing pale fuscous ; the anal tuft

ochreous.

Fig. 43. — Ptyopterota (ihscura, S • h
Hah. Tenasserim {DoUrty). Exp. 20 miUim. Type in coll.

Druce.

Genus PEABHASA.

Prabhasa, Moore, P. Z. S. 1878, p. 25.
Zadadra, Moore, P. Z. S. 1878, p. 25.

Type, P. venosa, Moore.

Eanqe. Sikhim ; Assam Hills ; Burma.

Palpi short and porrect; the first two joints c othed with long
hair Antennae with the bristles long. Fore wing with vem 2
from blond middle of cell; veins 3 and 4 stalked ; 5 absent ;
6 and 7 straight ; male with a fringe of scales on upperside m he
cen whic^l is^elV narrow so as to distort the neuration. Hind
'^ig with veins 4, 5 and 6, 7 stalked; 5 absent; 8 from middle
of cell.

Sect I Tore wing with the apex subquadrate ; the inner margin
nekrly straighl.; vein 11 anastomosing with 12 : male with no
areole ; the fringe of long scales extending to end of cell.

1331. Prabhasa venosa, Moore, P. Z. S. 1878, p. 26, pi. 2, fig. 16;
C. Sf S. no. 622.

o Palp fuscous brown. Tore wing with an indistinct angulated
^""/3ttf /o"rw"Sg ™Hom gra,i,h b„wn; tb, fri-ge o£
1332 Prabhasa fimbriata, n. sp. , ,

Head ^?^eSr:Si^^«^Sdt^

,.ith the anal tuit ochreous. "^.^^ gt^^^^^ the iutei-

fuscous ; the costal area I sp^^^^^^^^^^ x,dth traces

:n L\ te?t::S^tr^Sge ^ scales m the cell

:ivery ilden grey. Hind wing suffused with fuscous.

PEABHASA.

77

2 much paler, with all the markings of the fore wing obsolescent.
Hah. Bernardmyo, Burma; B. Pegu (Doherty). Exj)., S 30,
$ 3:^ millim. Type iu coll. Elwes.

1333. Prahhasa fiavicosta, Moore, P. Z. S. 1878, p. 26, pi. 2, fig. 17;

a ^- S. no. 621.

? . Differs from Jtmhnata in the thorax, abdomen, and fore
wing being dark brown ; fore wing with the yellow costal fascia
and postmedial black spot. Hind wing uniform brown.

Hub. Khasis. Exp. 34 millim.

Sect. II. Fore wing with the apex rounded ; the inner margin
arched; vein 11 not anastomosing with 12: male with the
fringe of long scales extending to end of cell, and no areole.

1334. Prabhasa plumbeomicans, n. sp.

cJ . Differs horn fimlriata in the fore wing being uniform leaden
grey ; a broad costal ochreous fascia with a small black postmedial
spot on it ; traces of a postmedial line ; the inner margin and cilia
ochreous. Hind wing ochreous, with the apical area fuscous.

2 with the postmedial spot of the fore wing larger, the band
more distinct ; the marginal interspaces streaked with ochreous ;
the hind wing more suffused with fuscous.

Hah. Naga Hills, 3000 feet {Doheriy). Exp. 30 millim. Type
in coll. Elwes.

Sect. III. Eore wing with the apex acute; the inner margin
arched; vein 11 not anastomosing with 12: male with a
small areole ; the fringe of scales extending to half the
length of ceil and a streak of small modified scales to its
extremity.

1335. Prabhasa fuscistriga, n. sp.

cJ . Head and thorax brown ; abdomen ochreous. Fore wing
ochreous, thickly irrorated with brown scales ; the modified scales
filling the outer half of cell smoky black. Hind wing ochreous.

Hah. Bernardmyo, Burma, 6000 feet {Bolm-ty). Exp. 30
millim. Type in coll. Elwes.

Sect. IV. {Zadadra). Fore wing of male with the inner margin
highly arched and fringed with hair at base ; vein 1 h curved ;
the cell narrow, with a fringe of long scales from the subcostal
and from end of median nervure ; veins 2 to 11 all given off
near end of cell, vein 11 being remote from 12 ; an areole
present.

1336. Prabhasa distorta, Moore, P. Z. S. 1872, p. 572, 1878, pi. 2,

fig. 16 ; C. ^- IS. no. 620.

cJ . Head orange-yellow ; thorax brown ; abdomen fuscous, with

78

AECTIIDiE.

the anal tuft ochreous. Tore wing leaden grey ; a blackish post-
iredial spot on the costa and traces of a postmedial band; tne
inner margin pale. Hind wing yellowish grey.

Fig. 44. — Prabham distoi ia, (J . \.

5 . Head whitish ; fore wing with pale streaks in the marginal
interspaces ; the costa whitish ; the postmedial spot large and the
band more distinct. Hind wing yellowish white.

Bab. Sikhim ; Naga Hills. Exp. 55 millim.

&enns LOPHONEURA, nov.

Type, L. uniformis, Hmpsn.

Ranqe. Burma. _ , i r • .i

Palpi short and porrect. Antennae with the ciha and bristles
long. Fore wing long and narrow ; a fan of long scales from the
median nervure at middle of cell, which is long and narrow;
veins 3 and 4 stalked ; 5 absent ; 6 from below angle of cell ; 7
and 10 from angle; 8 and 9 stalked; 11 not anastomosing with
12. Hind wing with veins 3 and 4 stalked ; 5 absent ; 7 from
before angle of cell; 8 from middle of cell.

1337. Lophoneura uniformis, n. sp.

S. Uniform pale ochreous ; the fan of scales on fore wing
slightly brighter in coloiu:.

Fig. 45. — LopJioneura uniformis, cJ. ■}.

Ilab. Tenasserim VaUey (Doherty). Exjp. 26 millim. Type in
coll. Druce.

LITHOSIA.

79

Genus LITHOSIA.

Lithosia, Fahr. Ent. Sxjst. Svppl. p. 459 (1798).
Systropha, Hiibn. Verz. p. 1(35 (1818).
Eilema, Hiibn. Verz. p. 165.

Manulea, Wallengr. Wien. ent. Monats. vii, p. 145 (1863).

Cossa, Wlk. Cat. xxxii, p. 232 (1865).

Gandhara, Moore, P. Z. S. 1878, p. 15.

Collita, Moore, P. Z. S. 1878, p. 16.

Katha, Moore, P. Z. S. 1878, p. 16.

llolgoma, Moore, P. Z. S. 1878, p. 20.

Brunia, Moore, P. Z. S. 1878, p. 15.

Capissa, Moore, P. Z. S. 1878, p. 19.

Tarika, Moore, P. Z. S. 1878, p. 14.

Macotasa, Moore, P. Z. S. 1878, p. 24.

Type, L. complana. Linn., from Europe.
Hanc/e. Universally distributed.

Palpi short and porrect ; antennae ciliated. Fore wing with the
cell shorter and broader ; vein 2 from beyond the middle ; 3 and 4
stalked ; 5 absent ; 6 from below angle, from angle, or beyond it ;
9 arising from 10 and forming an areole or stalked with 7 and 8 •
11 free or anastomosing with 12. Hind wing with veins 3, 4
and 6, 7 stalked ; 5 absent ; 8 from middle of cell.

Sect. I. Tore wing with vein 9 anastomosing with
8 to form an areole.

1338. Lithosia varana, Moore, P. Z. S. 1865, -p. 797; C.^S.no.577.

Head, thorax, and abdomen white ; the last with the terminal
segments yellow. Wings white with a fleshy tinge. Underside
of fore wing wholly suffused with fuscous except the margins

Hab. Sikbim. Ex^. 38 millim.

1339. Lithosia nivea, Moore, P. Z. S. 1878, p. 15 ; C. ^ S. no. 576.
Differs from varana in the head, collar, and base of tegulse beino-

pale yellow. Wings pure white ; the costa of fore wing narrowly
yellow.

Bab. Sikhim. Exj)., ^ 38, $ 40 millim.

1340. Lithosia calamaria, Moore, P. Z. S. 1878, p. 18 -,0.^8 no 585
Systrnpha dorsalis, Moore, P. Z. S. 1878, p. 18 ; C. ^ S. no. 587."

cJ. Uniform ochreous. Underside with the whole fore wing
except the margins and apex of hind wing, suffused with fuscous. '
Jlab. N.W. Himalayas ; Sikhim. Exp. 32 millim.

1341. Lithosia antica, WlJc Cat. ii, p. 505: Moore, Len CpijI

pi. 101, fig. 3; C.i^/S. no. 624. ' "»

Lithosia natara, Moore, Cat. E. I. Co. p. 304.
Lithosia sarawaca, Butl. Trans. Ent. Hoc. 1877, p. 350.

8Q AEOTIIDiE.

Head, collar, and base o£ tegulaj yellow ; thorax eaden grey ;
abdomei fuscous suffused with yellow. Fore wing leaden grey .
a yeTow stripe along the costa reaching the apex ; the cilia yellow

Fig. iQ.—LUltOsia aniica, J . }•

TTinrl wine yellow. Underside uniformly suffused with yellow ;
fomespecLlnswith the fore wing leaden grey, the costa only

^''iXrs from complana in wanth^g the broad yellow marginal

'-i^^^ty^o., ^ieobars; Eorneo . Java.

Hah. .--
Ex]p. 24-33 millim.

Sect. II. Tore wing with vein 9 stalked with 7 and 8.
A. Fore iving with the outer margin of moderate length.
a. Male without secondary sexual characters on the fore wing.

1342 Lithosia fumidisca, n. sp.

n -n-ff.r, from antica in the thorax and fore wing being much
2 . Differs from cm tc« i ^^^H
darker fuscous brown ttieMter^^^^^ orange-yellow. Underside

millim. Type in coll. Druce.

1343. Lithosia griseo^^^ '%!!;e''p. Z. S. 1878,
Lithosia serva, WUc. Cat. u, f ,

p. 15, pi 1, fig. 7^C.j J-^613.
Lithosia adaucta,^«y. f^'^'^' \A 1877, p. 397.

ifaft. Europe ; Japan ; Nepal , bi^nim. j.

1344. I^itliosiafuBcicilia,n_sp. ^^^^^^^
Differs from an^;ca m the ^horax bei^^ ^^^^^ ^^.^^

the collar and tegulffi with a naiiow ^

LITHOSIA.

81

broad, dark leaden grey ; the costal sti-ipe very narrow ; cilia
leaden grey and silvery grey at tips. Hind wing darker yellow,
the veins fuscous. Underside of fore wing leaden grey, with a
diffused yellow costal band.

Hah. Sikhim (Elwes) ; Manipur ; Burma (DoJiertij). Exp.
38 millim. Type in coll. Elwes.

1345. Lithosia prabana, Moore, Cat. E. I. Co. p. 304.

ColUta parva, Moore, P. Z. 8. 1878, p. 16, pi. 1, fig. 13 ; C. ^ S.
no. 579.

Thorax, abdomen, and wings smoky black ; the head, collar, anal
tufts, and costa and cilia of fore wing yellow.

Hcih. Sikhim; B. Pegu; Sumatra; Java. E.vp., S 20, 5 25
millim.

1346. Lithosia chota, Sivinh. P. Z. S. 1885, p. 293, pi. 20, fig. 11 ;

C:^-S. no. 625.

5 . Uniform brownish fuscous ; fore wing with a slight glossy
tone.

Hah. Poona. Exp. 18 millim.

1347. Lithosia brtumea, Moore, P. Z. S. 1878, p. 20, pi. 2, fig. 8 ;

a 8r S. no. 596.

2 . Head, thorax, and fore wing uniform dark brown ; abdomen
and hind wing fuscous.

Hah. Sikhim. Exp. 27 millim.

1348. Lithosia auriflua, Moore, P. Z. S. 1878, p. 18, pi. 2, fig. 7 ;

a S. no. 586.

c? . Pale straw-yellow ; the hind wing slightly paler. The cell
of the fore wing is very narrow especially towards the base, and the
veins are bent up towards the costa; veins 3 and 4 of fore wing
and 3, 4 and 6, 7 of hind wing are on very long stalks.
Hah. Kulu ; Manipur. Exp. 30 millim.

1349. Lithosia microxantha, n. sp.

Head, thorax, and abdomen orange-yellow. Pore wing deep
orange-yellow ; hind wing paler.

Differs from simplex, ^\\.. = decreta, Butl., from Borneo, in the
fore wing being considerably broader and more rounded at apex.

Hah. E. Pegu {JDoherty). Exp., cJ 20, ? 23 millim. Type in
coll. Elwes.

1350. Lithosia nigripars, WlJc Cat. vil, p. 1779 ; C. Sr S. no. 692.

2 . Head and thorax yellowish white ; abdomen fuscoup, clothed
with white hairs, the extremity ochreous. Fore wing jellowish
white, irrorated with a few fuscous scales ; the costa, outer margin,
and base of cilia orange-yellow. Hind wing dirty white ; the outer
margin tinged with yellow. Underside suffused with fuscous^

Hah. Sikhim. Exp. 34 millim.
VOL. II. G

g2 ABOTIIDJE.

*1351. Lithosia? colon, Mdschler, Stettin. Ent. Zeit. 1872, p. 353;
C. Sr S. no. 617.

Head aud tegulse straw-yellow; thorax grey with a Ulac tinge;
abdomeu with grey hairs on the back, the extremity ye low; legs
yellow, banded with grey; tarsi grey. Fore wing reddish grey ;
the base and costa tinged with golden yellow ; a prominent b ack
medial spot on the costa, and another on vein 2 ; cilia yellow.
Hind wing yellow. Underside of fore wmg with broad yellow
edges and showing the spots of upperside.

Hab. Silhet. -Ei^x 39 millim.

1352. Lithosia retictdata, Moore, P. Z. S. 1865, p. 798 ■,aSrS. no. 598.
9 Head and thorax pale brown ; a dark speck at end of tegulse ;

abdomen fuscous, the extremity ochreous. Eore wmg pale brown,
rrorated with fuscous scales ; a diffused angulate dark browu
medial baud. Hind wing ochreous.
Hab. Sikhim. Exp. 34 millim.

1353. Lithosia cubitifera, n. sp.

9 Differs from reticulata in being slightly irrorated with fus-
cous • the postmedial band doubly cui-ved, the upper part incurved,
the lower excurved in the interno-median interspace.

One specimen is much more suffused with fuscous than the

°*£-a6. Ndga HiUs, 3000 feet {Doherty). Kvjo. 20-23 millim.
Type in coll. Elwes.

1354. Lithosia angulifera, Feld. Meis. Nov. pi. 106, fig. 12 ; C. ^- S.

no. 595.

9 Differs from reticulata in the head, thorax, and fore wing
being S^ht ochreous, without fuscous irroration. Hind ^vlug

''%lt^^un ; mgiris ; Ceylon. Kvp. 29 millim.

1355 Lithosia obliterans, Fdd. Verh. zool.-hot. Ges. Wien, 1868,
p. 285; C. ^- no. 597.
Differs from reticulata in the head, thorax, and f "^.^ J'^g ^^^^

pale ochreous with a fuscous tinge.
Hab. Ceylon. Exp. 30 millun.

Head yellowish ; thorax aud fore wing uniform yello^h
hrown- ahdomeu and hiudumg pale jello*-

'"Tbright yellow . i''"/, ^IjSiim.

Hab. Nilgins ; Ceylon. Exj}., d ^3. ¥

LITHOSIA.

83

1357. Lithosia pimctifera, Hmpsn. III. mt. ix, p. 80, pi. 1 58, figs. 21-23.
Systropba fuscipes, Hmpsn. III. Het. ix, p. 80 ( $ ).

d . Diifers from brevipennis in the fore wing having a dark spot
at end of cell.

5 smaller and paler than that sex of irevipennis.
Hah. Ceylon. Exp. 20 millim.

1358. Lithosia conformis, Wlk. Cat. ii. p. 509 ; C. ^ S. no. 61

5 . Differs from brevipennis in having the head black ; the ab-
domen fuscous. Pore wing broader and brownish yellow.
Bab. N. India. Expi. 36 millim.

1359. Lithosia basigera, Wlk. Cat. xxxi, p. 233 : mnpsn. III. Set.

viii, pi. 143, fig. 1 ; C.^S. no. 600.
Cossa riima, Swink. P. Z. S. 1889, p. 403 : Hmpsn. III. Het. vii
pi. 143, fig. 8.

c? . Frons orange ; head and thorax dark fuscous ; abdomen
fuscous, the extremity ochreous. Fore wing fuscous ; the costa
orange ; a basal fuscous patch on a white fascia on basal half of costa ;
an indistinct fuscous medial band angled inwards ; a very indistinct
waved postmedial Hne. Hind wing yellow with an orange tinge.

2 with the costal patch of the fore wing joined to the angulate
medial band.

Hab. Mahableshwar ; Nilgiris. Exp., c? 30-38, $ 34-44 millim.

1360. Lithosia pallida, Moore, P. Z. S. 1878, p. 21 5 C. ^ S. no. 605.

d ■ Head, thorax, and abdomen pale brown. Fore wing pale
brown ; black antemedial and medial patches on the costa ; a speck
at lower angle of cell, another below the cell on vein 1 ; faint traces
of a submarginal band. Hind wing pale ochreous, with traces of
a submarginal band.

2 with the antemedial patch on costa of fore wing obsolescent

Hab. Kangra. Exp., d 32, $ 36 milhm.

1361. Lithosia nebecula, Moore, P. Z. S. 1879, p. 394 ; C.^S. no. 603.
2 . Differs from pallida in the thorax and abdomen being

blackish. Wings duller grey ; fore wing with one postmedial black
spot on the costa; the apex and parts of marginal area suffused
with black.

Hab. Andamans. Exp. 31 millkn.

1362. I-ithosia quadrisignata, Moore, P.Z.S.1878, p.21, pi. 2, fig.lO;

Head, collar, and abdomen pale brown • thorax darker. Fore
wing pale brown, with antemedial and medial oblique black streaks
from the costa ; a dark streak below median nervure and another

g2

AEOTIIDjE.

on inner margin; a sn.aU spot at end of cell, and Hl-defined sub-
marffinal and marginal bands.
Eah. Sikbim. Exp. 32 millim.

b. (Macotasa). Fora wine, of male with a fringe of lonrj scales in the
basal half of cell, which is very narrow ; vei7is 3 and 4 bent
downwards ; vein 2 anastomosing with 3.

1363. Lithosia tortricoides, mk. Journ I^^n. Soc- if^-
Teulisua bipLisella, Bull. Trans. Ent. Sac. 1877 p. o55.
Macotasa bi^lagelk, Moore, P. Z. S. 1878, p. 25, pi. 2, fig. U.

^ Head pale ocbreous ; tborax brown; abdomen fuscoas,
witf tbe anal'tuft ocbreous. Pore wing yello.asb f~ ;^ ^e
Tosta wbitisb, witb a large black patcb at centre. Hmd ^ing
rr-^i X, tViP bnse vellowisb ; tbe outer area tuscous.
" 2 wttb tbe^costal bkck spot of fore wing smaller and further
from tbe base ; the costa black at apex.

Bab. Sikbim ; Nilgiris ; Borneo ; Java. E.vp. 30 milhm.

B. Fore luing narrow, with the outer margin shorter.

■ a. Male without patches of modified scales on fore and hind wings.

1364 Lithosia intermixta, Wlk. xxxi, p. 229; Hmpsn. III. Bet.
ix,pl.l58,fig.l; G^S.BO.582.

^ Head, thorax, and fore wing uniform brownish yeUow ;
abdomen and bind wing pale yellow.

Hab. Nilgiris; Ceylon; A^ndamans. Exp., 6 ^5 ¥
millim.

1366 lithMia cncoUata, »<»■., J- «■ S. 1878, p. 17 ; C. «■ S. ». 681.

if,,!,. Andamam. 28 miUm.

1367. lithosia euclana, A. M. N. B. (6) sii, p. 216-

LITHOSIA;

85

towards extremity ; fore wing with postmedial dark spots above
veins 2 and 4 ; outer margin of both wings orange.
Hah. Shan States. Exp., S 44, $ 52 millim.

1368. Lithosia terminalis, Moore, P. Z. S. 1878, p. 17, pi. 1, fig. 14 ;

C. Sr S. no. 684.
Katha ? semif usca, Uho. P. Z. S. 1890, p. 388, pi. 32, fig. 9.

cJ . Head and thorax black ; collar grey ; teguls fringed with
grey ; abdomen grey, the terminal segments ochreous. Fore wing
yellowish grey, with a broad black submarginal band. Hind wing
pale yellow.

In the form semifusca the black submarginal band extends in-
wards to the end of the cell.
Hab. Sikhim. Exp. 34 millim.

1369. Lithosia fasciata, Moore, P. Z. S. 1878, p. 20, pi. 2, fig. 4

C. ^ S. no. 589.

cJ . Head, thorax, and fore wing bright orange-yeUow. Fore
wing with the inner area suifused with brown scales from the base
to near outer margin. Abdomen and hind wing paler.

Hab. Ceylon. Exp. 31 milHm.

1370. Lithosia pallens, M)o?-e, P. Z. S. 1878, p. 19, pi. 2, fig. 3:

a ^ S. BO. 693.

cJ . Head and thorax bright ochreous. Fore wing glossy yel-
lowish white ; the costa blackish at base ; the outer margin yeUow.
Hind wing pale ochreous. Underside of fore wing suffused with
fuscous, except the marginal area.

5 uniformly paler ; the head and thorax yellowish white.

Hab. Kangra; Kurseong; Sikhim. Exp., c? 40, § 42 millim.

b. (Capissa). Foreiving of male with a fold and streak of modified
scales along median nervure and vein 2. Hind wing ivith a
jjatch of modified scales covering the tvhole dislc.

1371. Lithosia vagesa, Moore, Lep. E. I. Co. p. .304; C. Sf S. no. 594.
Lithosia innotata, Butl. Trans. Ent. Soc. 1877, p. 352 ; Moore,

P. Z. S. 1878, pi. 2, fig. 2 ; C. ^ S. no. 591.
Capissa auriflava, Moore, P. Z. S. 1878, p. 19 ; C. ^ S. no. 588.
Capissa flavens, Moore, P. Z. S. 1878, p. 20 ; C. 8r S. no. 690.

Uniform bright ochreous ; the extremity of abdomen orange,
c? with the patches of modified scales on fore and hind wing
orange.

The form innotata =aurijlava from the N."W. Himalayas and
Nepal has the legs banded with black ; in the Eastern form vagesa
they are wholly black.

Hab. N.W. Himalayas; Nepal; Sikhim; Khasis. Exp. 43
millim.

86

AUOTHDJE.

Genus MITHUNA.

Mithuna, Moore, P. Z. S. 1878, p. 21.

Type, M. quadriplaga, Moore,
Range. Sikhim.

Palpi sbort and porrect. Antenna minutely ciliated m male.
Pore wing long, the outer margin erect ; veins 3 and 4 on a long
stalk; 5 absent; 6 from angle of cell; 7, 8, 9, 10 stalked; 11
anastomosing with 12. Hind wing with veins 3 and 4 on a long
stalk ; 5 absent ; 6 and 7 stalked ; 8 from centre of cell.

1372. Mithuna quadriplaga, Moore, P. Z. S. 1878, p. 21, pi. 2, fig. 9 ;
C. 8,- S. no. 599.

$ , Head, thorax, and fore wing yel-
lowish brown, irrorated with fuscous ;
fore wing with an indistinct medial
fuscous band, angled at lower ex-
tremity of cell ; a similar submarginal
^ nearly straight band. Abdomen and

, • hind wing pale fuscous.

Fig. 4:7. -MUhunaquadn- gikbim. ^-^p. 26 milUm.

Genus TEULISNA.

Teulisna, Wlk. Journ. Linn. Soc. vi, p. 109 (1862).
Corcura, Wlk. Journ. Linn. Soc. vi, p. 110.
Teo-ulata, Wlk. Journ. Linn. Soc. vi, p. 110.
Ityca, Wlk. Cat. xxxv, p. 1889 (1866).

Type, r.*)Za(/irt<a, Wlk., from Borneo. -iv/n „„

Range. Ceylon; Nilgii'is ; Sikhim; Assam; Burma; Malacca,

^ PalpV short,' porrect, and clothed with long hair Antenn^ of
male with the ciUa and bristles short. Fore wmg triangular with
the apex acute ; the outer margin nearly erect; a fringe ot long
scales in the basal part of the cell on the upperside ; vems 3 and
4 stalked ; 5 abseni ; 6, 7, 8, 9 stalked ; 10 from ceU ; areo
11 anastomosing with 12 : male with the median nervure bent, the
outer part of the cell narrow, and the neuration somewhat dis-
torted Hind wing with veins 3, 4 and 6, 7 stalked ; 5 absent ;
s from middle of cell : male with a patch of modified scales at base
of median nervure ; the ceU short and discocellulars obhque.

Sect. I. Pore wing with the costal lobe present in both sexes.

1373. Teulisna tumida, Wlk. Journ. Linn. Soc. y i, p. 110.

Tepulata basistriga, Moore, P. Z. S. 1878, p. 22, pi. 2, fig. 5,

aS; S no. 607.
Ityca humeralis, Wlk. Cat. xxxv, p. 189U.

. Head, thorax, and basal segments of abdomen pale brown,

TBUIilSNA,

87

the terminal segments black. Tore wing pale brown, with a

purplish tinge and suffused
with fuscous ; a black streak
on the base of costa, and a
large black spot at end of cell
Hind wing yellowish, suf-
fused with fuscous towards
outer margin.

5 with the abdomen fus-
cous; the anal tuft ochreous;

Pig. 48. — Teulisna tumida, $. \.

fore wing with the black spot at end of cell reduced to a minute
speck.

Hah. Ceylon ; Malacca ; Borneo. Exp. 28 miUim.

1374. Teulisna protuberans, Moore, P. Z. S. 1878, p. 23, pi. 2, fig. 6 ;
C. 4- S. no. 608.

$ . Differs from tumida in the fore wing being without the basal
streak on the costa ; the lobe further from the base, with a large
black spot on the costa just before it ; a black speck at end of cell.
Hind wing yellow.

Hab. Sikhim. Exp. 32 miliim.

1375. Teulisna obliquistria, n. sp.

cJ . Differs from tumida in the terminal segments of the abdo-
men being fuscous. Fore wing slightly irrorated with fuscous,
the subbasal costal patch fuscous ; the spot at end of cell minute
and nearly joined to an oblique stria from the costa. Hind wing
uniform brownish ochreous.

5 . Fore wing with a narrow costal streak ; no oblique streak ;
a black streak along middle of inner margin ; outer area of hind
wing suffused with fuscous.

Hab. Sikhim (Mbller); Momeit, Burma {Doherty). Exp. 28
miliim. Type in coll. Elwes.

Sect. 11. Fore wing with the costal lobe absent.

1376. Teulisna inducta, Wlk. Cat. xxxi, p. 232 ; Hmpsn. lU. Met. rai,
pi. 143, fig. 15 ; C.Sf 8. no. 602.

<S . Differs from tumida in the frons being ochreous ; head,
thorax, and abdomen fuscous, the last with the extremity blackish.
Fore wing narrower, fuscous ; the basal costal patch large and
dark fuscous, the fringe of scales below it and a patch on costa
bejond it white; traces of darker medial and postmedial diffused
bands. Hind wing uniform pale yellow.

2 with the fore wing uniform fuscous, except a whitish streak
below the costa and dark speck at end of cell.

Hab. Nilgiri plateau. Exp., S 30, $ 30-42 miliim.

88

ABCTIIDJE.

J 377. Teulisna uniplaga, n. sp.

9 Frons black. Head, collar, and tegulse yellowish while;
thorax black: abdomen fuscous, with the extremity ochreous.
Tore wing whitish, suffused with fuscous ; a blackish speck above
inner margin near the base ; a large quadrate black medial pateh
from upper part of cell to inner margin, its angle towards the
apex excised ; a postmedial black speck on the costa. Hind wmg

uniform fuscous. . -tt n /-n i 4 .\

Bob. Margharita, Assam ; E. Pegu ; Tenasserim VaUey {Doherty).

Exp. 25 millim. Type in coll. Druce.

Genus NISHADA.
Nishada, Moore, P. Z. S. 1878, p. 23.
Type, N. flahrifera, Moore.

Banqe. Calcutta; Ceylon; Burma; Sumatra; Borneo
Palpi short and porrect, the second ]omt tringed with long
hair. \ntenn^ of iale with cilia and bristles the upper surface
covered with rough scales. Pore wing broad ; the costa much
arched; a large smooth patch on the niner area of -^dersid^^^^^^^^
the articulation of the hind wing ; vein 5 absent; 7, ^' 9 f f
11 anastomosing with 12. Hind wing of male with a costal fold
from which profects a fringe of large scales ; yem 4 absent ; female
with veins 3, 4 and 6, 7 stalked ; absent ; 8 from middle of cell.

Sect I Male with the basal half of antenna not thickened. Pore
wing with veins 3 and 4 from ceU ; 6 from below the angle ;
10 absent. Hind wing with vein 6 absent.

1378. Nishada flabrifera, Moore, P. Z. S. 1878, p. 23 ; C. S>- S. n. 609.
r Head smoky black; thorax yellowish broxvn ; abdomen

och^eouMhe s^cou'd segment almost W of scales and sho^vlng

the dark cuticle. Port wing uniform yellowish brown. Hmd

wins ochreous.

Eab. Calcutta; Ceylon. Exp. 30 miUim.

Sect II Male with the basal half of antennae t^ckened Pore
wiW with veins 3 and 4 stalked; 6 from angle of cell; 10
present! Hind wing with veins 6 and 7 stalked, or 6 absent.

1379 Nishada rotundipennis, Wlk. Jmim.Lmn. Soc.^.V-'^^^-
apical half of outer margin.

NISHADA . — GAMPOLA.

89

$ with the frons yellow and the second segment of abdomen
clothed with scales.

The Burmese male has the second segment of abdomen clothed
with scales.

Hah. E. Pegu ; Sumatra ; Borneo. Exp. 26-34 millim.

Genus GAMPOLA.

Gampola, Moore, P. Z. S. 1878, p. 26.

Type, G. fasdata, Moore.
Range. Ceylon.

Palpi short, porrect, and clothed with long hair. Antennae
with the cilia and bristles long. Mid tibiro with one pair of spurs ;
hind tibiaj with two pairs. Tegulse of male fringed with long hair.
Pore wing broad and much distorted, the apex folded over ; a
fringe of long scales on the upperside fi'om the basal part of tlie
costa; the inner margin distorted and fringed with long scales
towards outer angle ; the cell narrow and occupying the centre of
the wing ; vein 1 6 reaching inner margin before the angle ; 3 and 4
from the ceU ; 5 absent ; 6 from below the angle ; 7, 8, 9 stalked ;
11 anastomosing with 12. Hind wing broad and much distoi-ted ;
the cell broad and long ; veins 4 and 5 absent ; 6 and 7 from the
upper angle.

5 with the wings of normal shape ; fore wing with veins 3 and
4 stalked ; 5 absent ; 6 from below angle of cell ; 7, 8, 9 stalked ;
11 anastomosing with 12. Hind wing with veins 4 and 5 absent ;
6 and 7 stalked.

1380. Gampola fasciata, Moore, P. Z. S. 1878, p. 27, pi. 2, fig. 18 ;
C. I S. no. 623.

Fig. 50. — Gampola fasciata, (f. \.

(S . Brownish fuscous ; the anal tuft ochrcous ; the costa and
apex of fore wing ochreous ; hind wing pale.

90

AEOTIlDiE.

5 with an indistinct angled fuscous band just beyond the
middle of fore wing ; some dark marks on outer margin.
Hah. Ceylon. Exp., 6 28, $ 34 millim.

1381. Gampola hinotata, Hmpsn. III. Het. ix, p. 81, pi. 158, &g. 24.

2 . Head, thorax, and abdomen pale fuscous, the anal tuft
ochreous. Tore wing pale fuscous, ii'rorated with browu scales ;
a dark spot at end of cell, and another below vein 2. Hind wing
paler.

Hub. Ceylon. Ex2X 18 millitn.

Genus SIMAREEA.
Simareea, Moore, P. Z. S. 1878, p. 14.

Type, S. hasinota, Moore.
Eange. Himalayas.

Palpi upturned, reaching vertex of head. Antennae with the
cilia and bristles long. Pore wing with veins 3 and 4 from angle
of cell ; 5 absent ; 6 from upper angle ; 7 and 10 from areole or
7 fi-om beyond it ; 11 anastomosing with 12. Hind wing with
veins 3, 4 and 6, 7 stalked ; 5 absent ; 8 from before middle of
cell.

1382. Simareea hasinota, Moore, P. Z. S. 1865, p. 798; 1878, pi. 1,
fiff. 16 ; C. Sr S. no. 614.
Simareea lurida, Butl. III. Set. vii, p. 34, pi. 122, fig. 10.

Head, thorax, and fore wing dark hair-brown, irrorated with
pale brown hairs and scales ; fore wing with a pale spot at base of
inner margin. Hind wing pale fuscous ; the outer margin darker.

Kg. 51. — Simareea hasinota, S • ^•

Abdomen pale fuscous, the terminal segments yellow. Underside
of fore wing with a fulvous streak in the cell.

The form lurida from Kdugra has the bind Mong paler, with a
fulvous patch below the costa on upperside.

Hah. Kangra ; Sikhim. E.vp. 48-52 miUun.

HBMONIA. — iEMENB.

91

Genus HEMONIA.

Hemonia, Wlk. Cat. xxviii, p. 425 (1863).

Type, IT. orbifemna, Wlk.
llancje. Ceylon; Borneo.

Palpi slight and porrect ; antennae ciliated in male. Fore wing
very broad and rounded ; vein 3 from before angle of cell ; 4 and

5 stalked ; 6 and 7 stalked ; 8, 9, 10, 11 nearly erect, 11 anasto-
mosing with 12. Hind wing with veins 4 and 5 stalked, 3 absent;

6 and 7 stalked ; 8 from near end of cell.

1383. Hemonia orbiferana, J^tt. Cn^. xxviii, p. 426.

Pitane rotundata, Snell. Tijd. v. Ent. 1879, p. 90, pi. 10, fig. 6.

Head, thorax, and fore wing dark purplish grey ; the last with
a fulvous speck on an ochreous ground at end of cell ; a dark line

from the centre of costa to near apex, then curved round to outer
angle. Abdomen and hind wing pale fuscous ; in Bornean speci-
mens white.

Bob. Ceylon ; Borneo. Exp. 17-24 millim.

^mene, Wlk. Cat. n, p. 541 (1854).
Panassa, Wlk. Cat. xxxii, p. 607 (1865).
Autoceras, Feld. Reis. Nov. pi. 106, fig. 24 (1875).

Type, taprohanis, Wlk.

Barif/e. Japan ; throughout India and Ceylon.

Palpi porrect, reaching beyond the frons. Antennae serrate in
male, ciliated in female. Pore wing short ; vein 3 from before
angle of cell ; 4 and 5 from close to angle ; 6 from below upper
angle ; 7, 8, 9 stalked. Hind wing with veins 4 and 5 from close
to the angle ; 3 absent ; 6 and 7 stalked ; 8 from middle of cell.

1384. .ffimene grisea, Hmpsn. III. mt. ix, p. 81, pi. 158, fig. 2.

S . Silvery grey. Fore wing with an indistinct nearly straight
erect medial line ; a prominent black speck at end of cell ; an
indistinct postmedial line excurved round end of cell ; three black
specks on the margin below the apex and one at outer angle.
Hah. Ceylon. Exp. 14 millim.

Fig. 52. — Hemonia orbiferana, S •

Genus jEMENE.

Sect. I. Fore wing broad, the apex rounded.

92

1385. ^mene taprobanis, Wk. Cat. ii, p. 542 ; Moore, Lep. Ceyl. ii,

pi. 104, fig. 2 ; V.Sf S. no. 715.
Panassa cingalesa, Wlk. Cat. xxxii, p. 607.
Autoceras grammophora, Felrl. Sets. Nov. pi. 106, fig. 24.
iEmene subciiieren, Moore, P. Z. S. 1878, p. 34; C. ^ S. no. 714.
^mene sordida, Butl. Trans. Ent. Soc. 1877, p. 372 ; C. Sr S.

no. 713.

iEmene quinquefascia, Hmpsn. III. Het. viii, p. 52, pi. 140, fig. 15.
^.mene sinuata, Moore, P. Z. S. 1878, p. 34, pi. 3, fig. 11 ; C. S,- S.
no. 712.

Head and thorax grey ;^ tegulse usually with a black speck.
Fore wing grey, more or less suffused with fuscous ; waved sub-
basal, autemedial, medial, and postmedial black lines, the last
excurved round the end of the cell, then bent inwards to near the

medial band and with some diffused
streaks beyond it ; a series of marginal
specks ; a black spot at centre of cell
and another at end of it. Hind wing
pale, more or less suffused with fuscous.
^ The form sordida is brownish with a

„. gg very slight fuscous tinge, the hind wing

Mmene taprobanis, 6. \. almost pure white; qawquefascia from

the Nilgiris is a very dark form, the
body and wings much suffused with fuscous, the fore wing with
the streaks beyond the postmedial line forming a connected band.
Some specimens from Sikhim have the markings of fore wing
fuscous instead of black.

Hab. Kangra ; Sikhim ; Nagas ; Nilgiris ; Ceylon. Krp., J 18-
24, $ 24-30 millim.

1386. .ffimene maculifascia, Mom-e, P. Z. S. 1878, p. 33, pi. 3, fig. 10;
C. ^- S. no. 711.

cj Differs from taprobanis in the ground-colour of head, thorax,
and fore wing being pure white. Pore wing with a broad fuscous
band inside the postmedial curved Ime ; the submarginal series of
specks straighter and starting from a dark blotch ou the costa
before the apex. Hind wing with traces of a speck at end of cell
and postmedial line.

Hab. Sikhim. Exp. 16 millim.

1387 .ffimene guttulosana, Wlk. Cat. xxviii, p. 429; 3Ioore, Lep.
Ceyl ii, pi. 104, fig. 3 ; C. ^ B. no. 710.
Differs from taprobanis in the ground-colour being clear ochreous
without fuscous suffusion ; the lines of the fore wing broken up

into small spots. . to o on

Hab. Bengal; Nilgiris; Ceylon. Exp., 6 18, ? 20 millim.

1388. JEmene nilgirica, Hmp.m. Ill Het. viii, p. 51, pi. 140 fip- !•
^mene cinereicolor, Hmpsn. Ill Het. vm, p. 51, pi. 14U, Ug. »•

iEMENB. — COSTAUCHA,

93

Head and thorax greyish fuscous. Fore wing grey, irrorated
with black scales ; a black basal patch on the costa ; antemedial
and medial costal spots ; a spot at centre ol: cell and another _ at
end of it ; a patch on costa before the apex ; traces of autemedial,
medial, and postmedial waved lines ; a marginal series of black
specks. Abdomen and hind wing pale f uscqus.

The form nilgirica from the plateau has the markings of fore
wing reduced ; whilst cinereicolor from the lower slopes has them
large and prominent.

Bab. Nilgiris. Exj:). 19 millim.

1389. .ffimene tenehrosa, Moore, P. Z. S. 1878, p. 34 ; C.^ S. no. 716.

Head, thorax, and fore wing dark fuscous powdered with grey.
Fore wing with iudistinct subbasal, antemedial, medial, postmedial,
and submarginal maculate bands; dark spots at middle and end of
cell. Abdomen and hind wing paler.

Hah. Bombay ; Mhow. Krj)., J 18, ? 20 millim.

1390. .ffimene multipimcta, Hmpsn. III. Het. ix, p. 81, pi. 158, fig. 3.

Head and collar grey ; thorax and abdomen fuscous. Fore wing
whitish grey ; two subbasal black specks ; a diffused medial band
broken at middle ; two black specks at end of cell : a submarginal
curved series of specks and marginal series ; a fuscous patch on
costa before the apex. Hind wing fuscous.

Hah. Ceylon. Exp. 18 milHm.

Sect. II. Fore wing narrower, the apex more acute.

1391. .ffimene sagittifera, Mowe, P. Z. S. 1888, p. 392; Butl. III. Het.

vii, pi. 122, fig. 12.

Head and thorax white. Fore wing white ; two blaclv spots at
base, one on costa, the other on vein 1 ; autemedial, medial, post-
medial, and marginal series of black specks ; a black streak at
end of cell with one above it on costa ; a black streak at end of
cell, and patch on costa before the apex. Abdomen and hind wing
pale fuscous.

Hab. Xangra ; Sikhim. Ex}). 20 millim.

Genus COSTARCHA.
Costarcha, Hmpsn. III. Het. viii, p. 53 (1891).

Type, C. indisiincta, Hmpsn.
Range. Nilgiris.

Palpi minute and porrect. AntennsB of male bipectinate, the
branches short. Tibiae with the spurs long. Fore wing with the
costa highly arched, the outer margin straight; veins 4 and 5 from
angle of cell ; 6 absent ; 7, 8, 9 stalked. Hind wing with veins 4
and 5 from angle of cell ; 3 and 6 absent ; 8 from middle of cell.

94

AECTIID.S.

1392. Costarcha indistincta, Mmimi. III. Het. viii, p. 53, pi. 140,
fig. 22.

. Pale fuscous. Fore wing irrorated witb dark brown scales ;
oblique indistinct antemedial, medial, postmedial, and subapical

Pig. 54. — Costarcha indistincta, cj . J.

strigaj from the costa ; an indistinct submarginal line ; a marginal
series of specks.

Hab. Nilgiris. Ex2J. 25 millira.

Genus OXACME, nov.

Type, 0. clissimilis, Hmpsn.
Range. Sikhim.

$. Palpi minute and porrect; antenna? simple. Fore wmg
with the costa straight to the end of vein 12, then truncate and
produced to a point at veins 7 and 8 ; outer margm produced to
a point at veins 4 and 5, then excised to outer angle ; vem 2
curved ; 3, 4, 5 from near angle of cell ; 6 from upper angle ;
7, 8, 9 stalked. Hind wing slightly angled at veins 3 and 4; vein 5
absent; 6 and 7 on a long stalk ; 8 from beyond middle ot cell.

1393.

Oxacme dissimilis, n. sp.

Head, thorax, and abdomen fuscous ; anal tuft ochreous.

Pore wing fuscous, two black spots on
the costa before middle, an indistinct
obliquely curved line arising from the
outer spot; a broad diffused medial
dark band ; a postmedial curved series
of black specks starting from a some-
what prominent spot on the costa ; a
series of short black lines on the outer
margin. Hind wing pale fuscous, the
apex somewhat darker.
Exp. 18 millim. Type in coll. Elwes.

Fig. 55.

Oxacme dissimilis,

Hah. Sikhun.

Genus UTRICULIFERA.

Utriculofera, Empsn. III. Het, ix, p. 81.
Type, V. fuscapex, Hmpsn.

feSHnd reaching beyond the fronhd tuft. Antenn^
of ml Kh a very large holfowed-out vesicle after the basal jomt,

TJTRICULirEEA. — KAEASODBS.

95

the terminal portion ciliated ; the abdomen with a pair of lateral
tufts of long hair from the third segment. Tibis3 with the spurs
long. Fore wing with the costa arched near the base ; the outer
margin straight ; the inner margin of male with a basal fold con-
tainiug tufts of hau- ; vein 3 from before angle of cell ; 4 and 5
from close to angle ; 6 from below upper angle ; 7, 8, 9 stalked.
Hind wing with vein 4 from angle of cell ; 5 from above angle ;
3 absent ; 6 and 7 stalked ; 8 from near end of ceU.

1394. Utriculifera fuscapex, Hmpsn. III. Set. ix, p. 82, pi. 158,
figs. 7, 17.

Brownish grey. Pore wing with the costa dark in parts ; the

Fig. 56. — Utriculifera fuscapex, jj. \.

inner basal area suffused with brown ; two dark specks beyond
the cell ; the apex suffused with fuscous.

Hab. Nawala-pittia, Ceylon. Exp. 16 miUim.

Genus NAEASODES.

Naxasodes, Moore, Lep. Ceyl. iii, p. 535 (1887).

Type, N. punctana, Wlk.
Range. Ceylon.

Palpi slender, porrect, and reaching beyond the frontal tuft.
Antennae minutely ciliated ia male. Pore whig with a slight
raised tuft of scales in the cell ; veins 3, 4, 5 from angle of cell ;

6 absent ; 7 and 8 stalked, 9 and 10 free. Hind wing with vein 4
from angle of cell ; 5 from above the angle ; 3 absent ; 6 and

7 stalked ; 8 from middle of cell.

1395. Narasodes punctana,
Ceyl. iii. pL 211, fig. '

Fig. .57.
Na/rasodes punctana, cf.

Wlk. Cat. xxviii, p. 431 ; Moore, Lep.

(5 . Head and thorax ochreous.
Pore wing suffused with reddish
brown except the margins, which are
ochreous ; a raised tuft of dark scales
at end of cell, a few scattered black
scales near vein 1 ; some minute
black specks at apex. Abdomen and
hind wing pale fuscous.

ifab. Ceylon. JUxp. 16 millim.

96

AECTIID^.

Genus DIDUGA.

Diduga, Moore, Lcp. Ceyl. m j>. 536 (1887).
Androstigma, Hmpsn. III. Met. ix, p. 82 (IBydJ.

Type, D. costata, Moore.
Eanqe. Nilgiris ; Ceylon.

Palpi slender and obliquely porrect. Tibife Math the spurs long.
Fore wing with vein 3 from before angle of cell; 4 and 5 from the
angle; 6 from upper angle ; 7 and 8 stalked. Ilmd wing with
vefn 4 from angle of cell; 5 from above the angle ; 3 absent ;
6 and 7 stalked. Fore wing of male with a costal iold acting
as the retinaculum.

Sect. I. (Diduga). Antennae of male ciliated. Hind wing with
no patch of differently-formed scales near anal angle.

1396. Diduga fumipennis, Smpsn. III. Het. yiii, p. 52, pi. 140, fig. 7.

^ Head and collar yellow; thorax and fore wing smoky
broin ; the latter with thLosta blackish and with a ye"ow spot at
centre ; cilia yellowish towards outer angle. Abdomen and hmd
wing slightly paler.

Hab. Nilgiri plateau. Exjo. 19 miUim.

1397 Diduga costata, Moore, Lep. Ceyl. iii, p. 535. ^.^ -,(>
Diduga fulvicosta, Hmpsn. III. Het. yiu, p. 53, pi. 140, fig. 16.

Head coUar, and tegul^ bright yellow; thorax and fore wring

and with its lower edge waved;
the costa black near base and with
ante- and postmedial black specks;
a marginal bright yellow band
a pale waved inner edge ; cilia
_ li' orange-yellow. Abdomen and hind

Y,g.58.-I)iduga costata, 6. }■ '"'^l^'f^^^ frdvicosta from the
Nilgiris has the marginal band of fore wing reduced to a spot
^%!t;^^plateau; Ceylon, ^.p. 16-18 millim.

scales near anal angle. _

DIDUGA. — &ART7DINIA.

97

band on costal area, with a few dark scales on it and its lower edge
waved ; some white spots on outer margin, either large and con-
joined or small and separated. Abdomen and hind wing paler ;
the latter with a large circular patch of modified scales near anal
angle.

Hah. Nilgiri plateau ; Ceylon. Exp. 14 millim.

Genus PSETJDOBLABES.

Pseudoblabes, Zell. Bull. Soc. Nat. Mosc. xxvi, pt. 2, p. 514 (1853).

Type, P. oopJiora, Zell.

Range. Assam ; Ceylon ; Burma.

Palpi slight and porrect. Antennae of male ciHated. Tibiae with
the spurs long. Eore wing broad, the costa highly arched ; rein 3
from close to angle of cell ; 5 absent ; 6 from below upper angle ;
7, 8, 9 stalked ; 10 absent. Hind wing of male with a patch of
modified scales on the costal vein ; the apex excised ; veins 3 and 5
absent, the cell open ; female with vein 3 absent ; 5 from above
angle of cell ; 6 and 7 stalked ; 8 from middle of cell, which is
closed. Pore wing with a large costal fold in male, small in
female.

1399. Pseudoblabes oophora, Zell. Bull, Soc. Nat. Mosc. xxvi, pt. 2,
1853, p. 514, pi. 4, figs. 1-6.
Conchylis flavicostana, Wlk. Cat. xxviii, p. 361 ; C. ^ S. no. 4757.

cJ . Head and thorax yellowish white. Pore wing dark leaden

grey ; the basal, costal, and outer
areas yellowish white ; the costal
band expanding into a patch at
centre. Hind wing ochreous ; the
marginal area sHghtly suffused with
fuscous.

2 with the hind wing fuscous ;
j^ .g the cilia yellow.

FseudoblabeToophora, 3 . \. ^a6. Assam ; Ceylon ; Burma.

Exp., 6 18, ? 20 milhm.

Genus GARTJDINIA.

Garudinia, Moore, Lep, Ceyl. ii, p. 59 (1882).

Type, G. latana, Wlk.
Bamje. Ceylon ; Borneo.

Palpi upturned, slender, and not reaching vertex of head.
Antennaa minutely ciliated. Pore wing narrow, the costa arched ;
veins 3 and 4 stalked ; 5 absent ; 6 from below angle of cell ;
7 and 8 stalked ; 10 absent ; male with a patch of modified scales
in the cell. Hind wing of male excised at apex, vein 6 absent ;
female with veins 3 and 4 stalked ; 5 from above angle of cell ;
6 and 7 stalked ; 8 from middle of cell. Pore wing of male with
a large costal fold, female with a small one.

TOL. U. H

98

AEOTIIBjE.

1400. Garudinia latana, Wlk. Cat. xxviii, p. 427 ; Moore, Lep. Ceyl.
ii, pi. 103, Mg. 2 ; C.i^S. no. 736.

J . Head and thorax white ; abdomen yellowish white. Fore

wing white, with a purplish-brown
subbasal blotch from the subcostal
nervure to inner margin ; a sub-
marginal band broad at costa and
centre. Hind wing white ; the
apex suffused with fuscous.

Hah. Ceylon. Exp., d 16, $
-pig. m.— Garudinict latana, S ■ \- 19 millim.

Genus PADENIA.
Padenia, Moore, Lep. Ceyl. ii. p. 68 (1882).
Type, P. transversa, Wlk.

Bange. Ganjam ; Nilgiris ; Ceylon ; Andamans ; Sumatra.

Palpi porrect, reaching beyond tbe frons. Antennas minutely
ciliated in both sexes ; tibite with the spurs long. Fore wing
with the costa highly arched : male with veins 3 and 4 from
far before end of cell; 5 and 6 absent; 7, 8, 9 stalked: female
with vein 3 from near angle of cell ; 4 and 5 stalked ; 6 absent.
Hind wing of male excised at apex, with a fringe of long hair on
apical portion of costa ; vein 6 absent : female with veins 3 and 4
stalked ; 5 from angle of cell ; 6 and 7 stalked ; 8 from near end
of cell. Fore wing of male with a strong costal fold ; female with
a slight fold.

1401. Padenia transversa, WHt. Cat. ii, p. 644; Moore, Lep. Cexjl. ii,
pi. 103, fig-. 1 ; C. c5- S. no. 641.
Lithosia hil'asciata, Feld. Reis. Nov. pi. 106, fig. 11.

Head, thorax, and abdomen yellowish white, suffused with
fuscous. Fore wing yellowish white, witb ante- and postmedial
slightly angled fuscous bands. Hind wing yellowish white, with a
slight fuscous tinge.

Pig. 61. — Padenia transversa, S-

Nilgiri specimens have the bands broader than in the Ceylon
form ; in the Sumatran form the colour is pure wbite, the bands

"'S<^.^S;i5^"^lgiHs; Ceylon; Andamans; Sumatra.
20 millim.

E.vp,

EUGOA.

99

Geuus ETJGOA.
Eugoa, Wlk. Cat. xii, p. 768 (1857).

Type, E. cequalis, Wlk., from Borneo.

lianr/e. Assam ; S. India and Cej'lon ; Burma ; Borneo.

Palpi porrect, reaching beyond the frons. Autennte of male
minutely ciliated. Fore wing with veins 6, 7 and 8, 9 stalked.
Hiud wing with veins 6 and 7 stalked; 8 from middle of cell.

Sect. I. Pore wing with veins 4 and 5 stalked ; 11 anastomosing
with 12. Hind wing with vein 5 absent.

■1402. Eugoa hipunctata, Wlk. Joum. Linn. Snc. vi, p. 115.

Padenia trifasciata, Mooi-e, Lep. Ceyl. iii, p. 534, pi. 212, fig. 14.
Padenia basipimcta, Hmpsn. III. Het. viii, p. 49, pi. 139, tig. 8.

Head, thorax, and abdomen greyish or brownish fuscous ; thorax
spotted with black. Eore wing gi-ey, irro rated with fuscous ; a

black spot at base ; a diffused and
slightly angled antemedial band; two
obliquely placed black spots at end of
cell ; a curved postmedial line, the area
beyond it suffused with fuscous ; a
highly dentate submargiual line. Hind
wing pale ochreous, suffused with
Eugoa bipimctata, ^ . \. fuscous. _

The Nilgiri form basipimcta is paler
than the Bornean and Assamese form ; the Ceylon form trifasciata
has the bands of the fore wing narrower.

Rab. Assam; Nilgiris; Ceylon; Burma; Borneo. Exj). 26-2S
millim.

Sect. 11. Pore wing with veins 4 and 5 from cell, 11 not anasto-
mosing with 12. Hind wing with veins 4 and 5 stalked

1403. Eugoa strigivenata, n. sp.

(J . Head and thorax white, the latter spotted with black. Fore
wing white ; a series of black streaks from the base to the middle
with clubbed or forked ends ; three black specks in the cell ; the
veins of the outer area with clubbed or forked streaks ending
before the margin. Abdomen and hind wing yellow.

Bab. E. Pegu {Doherly). E.vjj. 26 millim. Type in coll. Elwes.

1404. Eugoa roseivena, n. sp.

§ . Head, thorax, and abdomen crimson. Fore wing orange ;
the veins and margins streaked with crimson ; cilia orange. Hind
wing crimson.

Bab. Momeit,Barma (DoJieriy). Srp. 26 millim. Type in coll.
Elwes.

h2

100

AROTIID^.

Genus ANACHROSTIS.

Anachrostis, Bmpsn. III. Set. ix, p. 98 (1893).

Type, A. nigripuncta, Hmpsn.
Range. N.W. Himalayas ; Ceylon.

Palpi upturned, the second joint reaching vertex of head ;
antenuEe minutely ciliated. Pore wing with vein 5 from angle of
cell ; 6 from below upper angle ; 7 from the angle ; 8 and 10
stalked; 9 absent. Hind wing with veins 3 and 4 stalked;
5 absent.

Sect. I. Palpi with the 3rd joint minute : fore wing broad ;
hind wing with veins 6 and 7 stalked.

1405. Anachrostis nigripuncta, Hmpsn. HI. Set. ix, p. 98, pi. 162,

fig. 19.

5 . Pale yellowish brown ; head yellow-
ish. Fore wing with dark undulating ante-
and postmedial lines ; a black speck on disco-
cellulars ; an indistinct diffused waved
submarginal line ; some pale strigas on costa
towards apex ; a series of black marginal
Fig. Q,'6.— Anachrostis specks. Hind wing ochreous, tinged -nith
nigripuncta, \. fuscous.

Hah. Ceylon. Exp. 17 millim.

Sect. II. Palpi with the 3rd joint longer : fore wing narrower ;
hind wing with veins 6 and 7 from cell.

1406. Anachrostis bifasciata, n. sp.

9 Pale yellowish brown. Pore wing with a smoky-black
diffused antemedial somewhat irregular band, with a black Ime on
its outer edge ; a postmedial band broad at the costa and narrow-
ins to inner margin, with a black line on its inner edge, angled out-
wards at middle, and its outer edge irregular ; a margmal series ot
black specks. Hind wing pale fuscous.

ifaft. Murree; Simla (iTar/orci). 20 millim. TypeinB.M.

1407 Anachrostis inconstans, Moore, P. Z. S. 1888, p. 393 ; Butl. lU.
irei.vii,pl. 122,fig. 11.
A Pale broM'nish ochraceous. Pore wing with two antemedial
black specks; a spot at end of cell and speck below the end : a

marginal series of specks. , n c ■ ■u^f^,.^

One specimen has a fuscous patch on costa of fore wing before

apex.

Mob. Kangra. E.ip. 19 milbm.

TBISCHALIS. — THOPACMB.

101

Genus TRISCHALIS, nov.

Type, T.flava, Hmpsn.

Rmuje. Naga Hills; Burma; Ceylon; New Britain.

Palpi slight and porrect. Antenna minutely cihated in male.
Fore wing short, broad, and roimded, the costa arched ; veins 4 and
5 stalked ; 6, 7 and 8, 9 stalked. Hind wing with veins 4 and 5
stalked ; 6 and 7 stalked ; 8 from middle of cell.

1408. Trischalis flava, Hmpsn. III. Set. ix, p. 83, pi. 158, fig. 5.

Head, thorax, and abdomen yellow. Fore wing yellow ; a broad

fuscous band below the costa, com-
mencing as a patch on the inner
basal area and curving round to outer
angle. Hind wing pale yellow.

A large specimen from the JSTaga
Hills (20 millim.) has the band on
„A m ■ t 1- ji ^ 1 fore wing narrow and terminating
^ •' ^ ' before the outer angle.

Ifah. Naga Hills ; Ceylon. Exjp. 14-20 millim.

1409. Trisclialis dulcicula, Szoinh. Trans. Ent. Soc. 1890, p. 183.

$ . Head and prothorax orange ; meso- and metathorax purplish
grey. Pore wing purplish grey ; a broad orange band from the
base along the costal and outer areas with a dark line, on which
are a few leaden scales, defining the two colours. Hind wing pale
fuscous ; the margins and cilia ochreous.

Hah. Eangoon ; Ceylon. Exp. 14 millim.

Genus TROPACME, nov.

Type, T. cupreimargo, Hmpsn.
Bange. Burma.

Palpi minute ; antennae simple in female ; tibise with the spines
rather long. Pore wing with the cestui highly arched ; the apex
turned over below ; the outer margin oblique ; vein 3 from before
angle of cell ; 4 and 5 from the angle ; 6 and 7 from upper angle ;
8 and 9 stalked from before angle. Hind wing with vein 3 from
before angle of cell ; 4 and 5 on a long stalk ; 6 and 7 stalked.

1410. Tropacme cupreimargo, n. sp.

5 . Oi;hreous ; abdomen tinged
witii fuscous. Fore wing with
oblique ante- and postmedial
lines, obsolete towards costa ; the
outer margin cupreous pink,
especially at outer angle.

Hah. Tenasserira Valley
Pig gg (Doherty). E.vp. 18 millim.

Jropacme cujjreimargo, 2- 5- ^-^Vpe in coll. Druce.

102

AT!CTIII);T5.

Geiuis NOTATA.

Nolata, Ilmpsn. III. Het. viii, p. 47 (1891).

Type, N. parca, Hmpsn.
llaiige. Nilgiris.

Palpi porrect and minute. Antennre minutely ciliated in male.
Pore wing of male with a large patch of modified scales in cell on
luiderside ; veins 4 and 5 from angle of cell ; 6 from helow upper
angle ; 7, 8 and 9, 10 stalked. Hind wing with a large patch of
modified scales below the costa and in and beyond cell ; veins
4 and 5 from angle of cell ; 6 and 7 stalked ; 8 from middle of

1411. Notata parva, Ilmpsn. III. Het. viii, p. 48, pi. 139, fig-. 5.

cj . Pale straw-colour ; the hind wing
paler ; the patches of modified scales ou the
underside of fore wing and upperside of
hind wing fuscous.

llab. Nilgiris. Ea-j). 16 millim.

Fig. 66.

Kvtata parva, cf.

Genus HOLOCRASPEDUM.

6

Holocraspedon, Ilmpsn. III. Het. ix, p. 83 (1893).
Type, H. mgropunctum, Hmpsn.

lianqe. Ceylon. -i. , j

Palpi porrect, reaching beyond the frons. Antenna? cdiated
in male Fore wing with veins 4 and 5 from angle of cell ; fa
from beiow upper angle ; 7, 8 and 9, 10 stalked. Hnid wmg with
veins 4 and 5 from angle of cell ; 6 and 7 stalked ; b from near
end of cell.

1412. Holocraspedum nigropimctum, Hmpsn. III. Het. ix, p. 84,
pi. 158, fig. 4.

Head, thorax, and abdomen white ; thorax spotted with
bla(rk. Fore wing white ; some black on
base of costa ; a curved antemedial black
line ; a spot in the cell and a spor at end
of it ; a postmedial line excurved rouud
end of cell and joiuing the antemedial hue
at inner margin: some black streaks
beyond the postmedial hue; a margmal
series of short lines. Hind \\ ing yclhnxxsb
■ white ; the apex slightly suffused with

fuscous. ,11

Cocoon suspended by a cord and formed of network strengthened

by two cross bands.

Hah. Nawala-pittia, Ceylon. 20 milhm.

jTig, 07. — Holocraspedum
itigropunctum, J. \.

TBICUOGTIA. — IDOPTBRUM.

103

Genus TRICHOGYIA, nov.

Type, T. semifascia, Hmpsn.

Eange. Burma. , c i i

cJ. Palpi upturned, the 2nd joint reaching above vertex ot head,
the 3rd short ; anteunsD minutely ciliated ; tibite hairy. Fore wing
short and broad ; the apex nearly rectangular, the inner margin
much arched ; veins 2 and 3 from near angle of cell and much
bent at base ; 4 and 5 from the angle ; 6 and 7 from close to upper
angle ; 8, 9, 10 stalked from before the angle. Hind wing ample ;
veins 3 and 4 stalked ; 5 from above angle of cell ; 6, 7 from cell.

1413. Trichogyia semifascia, n. sp.

cJ . Dark red-brown ; head fulvous. Tore mng with a black

speck at end of cell and au in-
curved white narrow baud from
it to inner margin ; an obscure
dark mark beyond the cell.

Ilab. Tenasserira (Doherty).
Exp. 20 millim. Type in coll.
Fig. 68. — Trichogyia semifascia, (j . |. Druce.

Genus IDOPTERUM, nov.

Type, I. ovale, Hinpsn.

Eange. Sikhim; Bhutan; Mgas ; Burma.

Palpi short and porrect. Antennae ciliated in male, almost simple
in female, in which the abdomen has the two terminal segments
suddenly expanded to double the width of the basal segments. Fore
wing with the costa arched ; the apex rounded; the outer margin
very obliquely curved ; vein 3 from before angle of cell ; 4 and 5
from angle ; 6 from upper angle ; 7, 8, 9 stalked ; 10 and 11 from
before the angle. Hind wing with vein 3 from before the angle of
cell ; 5 from above angle ; 6 and 7 stalked ; 8 from middle of cell.

Sect. I. Fore wing with vein 9 given off from 8
nearer the apex than 7.

A. Fore iviiig, vein 11 not anastomosing with 12.
1414. Idopterum ovale, n. sp.

$ . Head whitish ; thorax and
abdomen pale fuscous. Fore
wing pale fuscous ; the costal and
inner margin whitish ; an obliquely
curved antemedial whitish band.
Hind wing pale fuscous, the inner
and outer margins whitish,
Jfab. Bernardmyo, Burma (Doherly). Exp. 27 millim. Type
in coll. Elwes.

Fig. 69. — Idopterum ovale, J . \.

104

AECTIIDjE.

B. Fore wing, vein 11 anastomosing ivitTi 12.

1415. Idopterum rutrimargo, n. sp.

cJ . Head, thorax, and abdomen fuscous ; frons, collar, and tegulae
crimson. Tore wing fuscous ; the costa, inner margin, and cilia
crimson ; black basal and subbasal spots ; two antemedial blackish
nearly straight and erect lines ; a black spot at end of cell. Hind
wing fuscous ; the inner area tinged with crimson.

Hah. Sikhim. Exp. 26 millim. Type in coll. Elwes.

Shot, 11. Pore wing with vein 9 given off from 8
further from apex than 7.

1416. Idopterum dudgeoni, Eho. P. Z. S. 1890, p. 388, pi. 32, fig. 10.
5 . Head and tegulse ochreous, frons white ; collar, thorax, and

abdomen fuscous. Pore wing with the margins pale, the whole
disk suffused with fuscous ; the base, costa, and apex white ; the
inner and outer margins ochreous ; an ochreous streak from the base
through the cell to outer margin ; ciha fuscous. Hind wing fuscous ;
the basal area and outer margin white, suffused with ochreous.
Mah. Sikhim. Exp. 24 millim.

1417. Idopterum anomalum, Elw. P. Z. S. 1890, p. 388, pi. 82, fig. 14.
Head and thorax crimson. Fore wing crimson, with a black

strealv from base of cell to centre of outer margin ; the median
nervure pale. Abdomen and hind wing smoky black

Eab. Sikhim, 5000 feet ; Bhutan ; Nagas ; Upper Burma. Exjj.,
J 26, $ 34 millim.

Genus SCAPTESYLE.

Scaptesyle, WlJc. Cut. ii, p. 378 (1854).
Type, S. tricolor, Wlk.

Ranqe. Assam; Burma; Ceylon. pi
Palpi nptm^ned reaching vertex of head; antennse of male
minutely cihated. Tibi^ with the spurs long. Pore .ang with
veins 4 and 5 stalked ; 6 from below angle of ce 1 ; 7, 8, 9 stalked.
Hind wing with veins 3 and 4 stalked ; 5 from above angle of cell ;
6 and 7 stalked; 8 from middle of cell.
1418. Scaptesyle tricolor, Wlk. Cat. ii, p. 378; C. Sr S. no. 364.
Head, thorax, and abdomen brownish black ; the third joint of
' ' palpi and basal joint of antennjB

in front white; legs banded
with white ; collar and tegulaj
bright yellow ; a ^^'hite tuft at
end of abdomen. "Wings bright
crocus-yellow; fore wing with
a basal black patch, the outer
Fig. 10.— Scaptesyle tricolor, J • v- ^rea bright coppery red, ^^■ith its
edges black ; hind wing with an apical black patch narrowing to

anal angle.

Eab. Silhet; Burma. Exji. 32 millim.

SCAPTESYLE. — NBPITA.

105

1419. Scaptesyle bicolor, Wlk. Cat. xxxi, p. 182; Moore, Zep. Cerjl.

ii, pi. 96, fig. 2 ; C.Sf 8. no. 363.
Dichiomia nietneri, Feld. Meis. Nov. pi. 106, fig. 25.

Differs from tricolor in being deep black and bright golden
yellow ; fore wing with the outer area broader and wholly black ;
hind wing with the marginal black area much broader and reaching
anal angle.

In the specimen from the Khasis the marginal black band is
much narrower than in typical Ceylon specimens.
Hab. Khasis ; Ceylon. E.vjp. 30 millim.

Genus GURNA,
Giirna, Swinh. Cat. Set. Mus. Oxon. p. 123 (1892).

Type, G. indica, Moore.
Banrje. Eombay.

Palpi very minute. AntennsB minutely ciliated in male. Mid
and hind tibiae with very minute terminal pairs of spurs. Pore
wing rather narrow ; veins 4 and 5 from angle of cell ; 6 from
below upper angle ; 7, 8, 9 stalked. Hind wing with veins 4 and 5
from angle of cell ; 6 and 7 stalked; 8 from beyond middle of cell.

1420. aurna indica, Moore, P. Z. S. 1879, p. 390 ; C.^ S. no. 276.

Liver-brown; frons yellow; tegulfB
with the posterior half orange ; abdomen
with the extremity orange. Pore whig
Avith a large yellow spot in the cell just
bejond the middle, and another at centre
of outer margin. Hind wing with the
basal half orange.

Ifah. Bombay. Ea^p. 28-30 millim.

Genus NEPITA.

Nepita, Moore, Zep. E. I. Co. p. 302 (1858).
Pitarie, Wlk. Cat. ii, p. 531 (1854), prsEOCc.
Oabarda, Wlk. Cat. xxviii, p. 435 (1863).
Adites, Moore, Zep. CcijL ii, p. 01 (1882).

Type, N. conferta, Wlk.

liange. Throughout India, Ceylon, and Burma ; Borneo.

Palpi porrect, extending beyond the frons, and fringed with
hair below. Antennas roughly scaled. Tibiae with the spurs rather
long. Fore wing rather short and broad ; veins 3, 4, 5 from close
to angle of cell ; G from below upper angle ; 7, 8, 9 stalked ; 11
sometimes anastomosing with 12. Hind wing with veins 4 and 5
stalked ; 6 and 7 from angle of cell or stalked ; 8 from beyond
middle of coll.

mg. 71.
Guma, indica, cj. }.

106

AECTIIDjF.

• Sect. I. {^Nepita). Male with the anteunso bipectinated, the

branches short.

1421. Nepita COnferta, Wlk. Cat. ii, p. 5.33; Moore, Lep. Ceyl. ii,
pi. 104, figs. 7, 7 a, b, c, d (larva) ; C. ^-8. no. 044.
Nepita auila, Moore, Cat. H. I. Co. p. 302 ; C. ^- S. no. 643.
Nepita signata, W/k. Cat. xxxi, p. 240.

Nepita a^grota, L'litl. Tram. Ent. Soc. 1877, p. 336; C. ^ S.
no. 642.

Nepita ochrncea, Butl. Trans. Ent. Soc. 1877, p. 336; C. S.
no. 648.

Nepiia limbata, Butl. Tram. Ent. Soc. 1877, p. 336; C. ^ S.
no. 647.

Nepita conf erta, var. fusca, Hmpsn, III. Het. ix, pi. 158, fig. 6.

Head and thorax orange, the latter spotted with black ; abdomen

black, orange below and at ex-
tremity. Pore wing orauge,
some black marks at base ;
antemedial and medial curved
and waved bands which coalesce
at median nervure ; a black
spot on discocellulars ; a post-
Fig. n.-Fepita conferta, S ■ t- medial waved band, excurved
ronnd end of cell ; a series of submarginal spots and streaks, often
conjoined into a hand ; the margin and cilia black. Hind mng
with the base orange ; a broad marginal black band, some speci-
mens with orange spots on it at centre of outer margin.

The forms limbaia and ochracea have the bands of the fore wing
rather narrow, conferta, cegrota, and anila broad : in anila and
limbata the marginal band of the hind wing is narrowest ; in con-
ferta broader ; in ochracea and cegrota very broad, and running up
the inner margin towards the base.

In the Deltota district of Ceylon the brown suffused form fusca

is found. , , , , 1 1

Larva short, tumid at middle ; colour purple-black, each somite

thickly covered with tufts of long black hair ; some dorsal orange

marks on first, seventh, and anal somites, and a slender line from

seventh to anal somite.
Cocoon slight.

Hob. Throughout India, Ceylon, and Burma. Exp., 6
5 32-34 milUm.

Sect. II. (Cabarda). Male with the antennas ciliated.

1422. Nepita hilaris, W/k. Cat. ii, p. 630 ; Moore, Lep. Ceyl. ii,
pi. 104, fig. 6 ; C.Sf S. no. 646.

Head and thorax white, spotted with yellowish bro^ra ; abdomen
white. Eore wing while ; a blackish spot near tl^e >ase; two
subbasal yellowish-brown spots; antemedial and medial yello^^-
brown lines, the former waved, the latter irregularly curved ; ab a.k-
iah spot at end of cell ; a waved postmedial hue excurved round end

NEPITA. — illLTOCnEISTA.

107

of cell • a submarginal series of more or less conjoined streaks; a
marginal series of specks. Hind wing white, the outer margin
slio-htly suffused with brown.

'Hah. Ceylon. Exp., <S 22, ? 24 millim*

1423. Nepita frigida, mk. Cat. ii, p. 530; C. ^ S. no. 645.
Lyclene diliusa, B^lfc. Juurn. Linn. Soc. vi, p. 111.

Head, thorax, and abdomen brownish white. Pore wing
white • 'a basal yellowish-brown patch wth a spot beyond it ; a
subbas'al irregular brown band ; the whole disk suffused With
Yellowish brown, leaving patches of white on the margins, and two
curved series of postmedial white specks bent inwards below the
cell, the brown area reaching almost to the margin, below apex
and' above outer angle ; cilia spotted with pale brown. Hmd wing
white ; the outer area shghtly suffused with brown.

Specimens from Sikhim and the Naga Hills have the hmd wmg
suffused with fuscous and a black spot at end of cell.

Hah. Sikhim ; Nagas ; Burma ; Borneo. Exp., 6 21, ? 24 miUim.

Genus MILTOCHRISTA.

Miltochrista, Hi'ibn. Verz. p. 1G6 (1818).
Sesapa, Wlk. Cat. ii, p. 547(1854).
Lyclene, Iloore, Cat. E. I. Co. p. 300 (1858).
Cyllene, Wlk. Cat. ii, p. 543 (prseocc).
Barsine, Wlk. Cat. ii, p. 546.
Setinochroa, Feld. Beis. Nov. p. 9 (1875).
Xorawa, Moore, P. Z. S. 1878, p. 11.
Typp, M. miniata, Forst., from Europe.

Mange. Palajarctic, Ethiopian, Oriental, and Australian regions.

Palpi short and porrect. Antennae with the ciHa long in male,
minute in female, or bipectinated in male.

Tibiee with the spurs rather short. Fore wing with vein 5 from
just above lower angle of cell ; 6 from upper angle, or stalked with
7, 8, 9 ; 10 from close to the angle or some way before it; 11
from one-half to three-fourths length of cell and straight, or curved
and running close along 12, or anastomosing with 12. Hind wing
with vein 5 on a short stalk with 4, or from a point with it, or
from above the angle; 6 and 7 stalked; 8 from near end of cell.
These variations occur in similar specimens from the same localities.

Sect. I. {Miltochrista). Fore wing with the cell narrow ;
antennas of male ciliated.

1424. Miltochrista strigivenata, n. sp.

cj . Head and thorax crimson ; abdomen black with the base
ochreous, the anal tuft ochreous, tipped with crimson. Fore wing
bright crimson ; the costa slightly black ; a prominent oblique
medial straight black line ; the veins beyond the cell streaked with
black. Hind wing paler.

If ah. JSdga Hills, 6000 feet {Boherty). Rip. 25 millim. Type
in coll. Elwes.

108

ABCTIIDjB.

Sect. II. {Barsine). Fore wing with the cell broad ; antennae
of male ciliated.

A. Fore wing with cm irregular and highly dentate postmedial line.

a. The ground-colour crimson,

1425. Miltoehrista dentifascia, n. sp.

$ . Pale crimson. Fore wing with some black specks near the
base; slightly excurved antemedial and incuryed medial lines ; a
spot at end of cell ; a very highly dentate postmedial line com-
mencing as an oblique line from the middle of costa, with a series
of black specks beyond its angulations.

Eab. Momeit, Burma {Doherty). Exp. 25 millim. Type in
coll. Elwes.

b. Tlie ground-colour ochreous.

1426. Miltoehrista undulosa, Wlk. Cat. ii, p. 645 ; C. ^- S. no. 639.

Miltoehrista straminea, JVllc. Cat. vii, p. 1685 ; C. ^ S. no. 632.
Sesapa decurrens, IVlk. Cat. xxxi, p. 255 ; C. ^- S. no. 637.
Sesapa excurrens, Wlk. Cat. xxxi, p. 255; C. ^ S. no. 6:38.
Lyclene assamica, Moore, P. Z. S. 1878, p. 83, pi. 3, fig. 8 ; C. Sr S.
'no. 677.

Pale ochreous ; the patagia and vertex of thorax spotted with

black ; the extremity of abdomen
blackish in male. Pore wing
with a black speck at base; a
series of short subbasal streaks ;
a waved antemedial line ; a
doubly curved or nearly straight
medial line, which is altogether
Fig.73.-MiU^sta undulosa, J. |. obsolete hi the form assamica;

a spot at end of cell ; an u-regular
highly dentate postmedial line ; submarginal and marginal series

of specks. . . . ,

The form imdulosa from Moulmem is small ( 6 17 millim.), witli
the ground-colour of fore wing whitish. The Himalayan form is
larger and more ochreous. ^

Hah. Kangra; Sikhim; Khasis; Moulmem. Exp., 6 li-^^,
5 28 millim.

1427. Miltoehrista eomplieata, Butl. Trans. Ent. Soc. 1877, p. 344.

2. Differs from wnrWosa in the antemedial line of the fore
wing being more evenly curved ; the medial line outwardly oblique
towards inner margin ; the marginal series of specks absentj the
apical part of costa and cilia black. Hind wing slightly suffused
wi(h fuscous at asjex or on disk.

Hab. Nilga Hills ; Borneo. E.vp. 20 milhm.

MILTOOHRISTA.

109

1428. Miltochrista prominens, Mom-e, P. Z. S. 1878, p. 31, pi. 3

fig. 3 ; C. ^- S. no. 689.

Differs from delicata in the thorax having two blacli spots.
Fore wing with a black angulated line beyond the autemedial spots ;
the postmedial series taking the form of a highly denticulated and
angulated line ; the marginal streaks of both wings usually broader,

JJab. Khasis. Sx^., 6 32, 2 34 millim.

1429. Miltochrista semifascia, WlJc. Cat. ii, p. 521 ; Moore, Lep.

Ceyl. ii, pi. 103, fig. 7 ; Hmpsn. III. Ret. ix, pi. 175, fig. 7 (larva) ;
C. S. no. (549.

Lyclene semifascia, var. metamelas, Hmpsn. III. Set. ix, pi. 158,
fig. 11.

Lyclene obsoleta, 3Ioore, P. Z. S. 1878, p. 32, pi. 3, fig. 7 ; C. ^ S.
no. 687.

Differs from undulosa in the antemedial and medial lines of the
fore wings being reduced to a series of spots ; the postmedial line
more regularly dentate ; the marginal series of specks absent ; the
disk often suffused with fuscous.

Some specimens have the outer margin of hind wing fuscous ;
the variety metamelas has the extremity of abdomen in male black ;
obsoleta has a black marginal band to hind wdng and submarginal
band from costa of hind wing on underside.

Larva thickly clothed with short close black hairs, which open
out at the joints when it roUs itself into a ball.

Bab. Sikhim ; Assam ; throughout S. India and Ceylon. Uxj}.,
d 20, $ 25-26 millim.

c. The ground-colour wliite.

1430. MUtoclirista nigralba, n. sp.

Head fulvous yellow, spotted with black ; thorax white, spotted
with black ; abdomeu fulvous. Fore wing white ; a black spot at
base ; three antemedial lines, each composed of three black spots ;
a spot at end of cell ; a highly dentate postmedial line sending
off streaks along the subcostals ; submarginal and cilial series of spots.
Hind wing white, with traces of a medial band ; the outer area
suffused with fuscous, the veins crossing it black.

Hob. Bernardmyo ; E. Pegu (Doherty). Exp., 6 24, § 28 millim.
Type in coll. Elwes,

1431. Miltochrista multistriata, n. sp.

(5 . Differs from nigralba in the thorax being fulvous, spotted
with black. Fore wing with the two outer antemedial bands replaced
by fine irregular lines starting from the same point on the costa ; the
veins on the outer area streaked with black in place of the specks ;
a fine marginal black line.

Ilab. Niiga Hills, 6000 feet {DoUertij). Exp. 22 millim. Typo
in coll. Elwes.

110

A.nOTIID.D.

B. Fore iviny ivith no postmedial line, the outer area streaJced

ivilh blade.

a. The ground-colour reddish.

1432. Miltochrista parallelina, n. sp.

2 . Head, thorax, and abdomen ochreous. Fore wing reddish
orange, a series of subbasal irregular black specks ; an indistinct
postmedial straight line ; a spot on discocellulars ; a series of sub-
marginal streaks on the nervules.

Eab. E. Pegu {Doherfy). Exp. 19 milUm. Type in coll. Elwes.

b. The ground-colour yellowisli.

1433. Miltochrista linga, Moore, Cat. E. I. Co. p. 301 ; C. Sf S.

no. 702.

S. Very pale yellow; collar and extremity of abdomen tinged
with orange ; tegulse and thorax spotted with black. Pore ^viug
with three black spots at base ; antemedial and medial series, each of
six spots ; the veins of outer area streaked with black.

$ with the head, collar, and abdomen fulvous yellow.

Hah. Kangra ; Sikhim. Exp., S 38, ? 44 millim,

1434. Miltochrista delicata, Moore, P. Z. S. 1878, p. 31 ; C. ^ S.

no. 679.

$ . Head, thoi-ax, and abdomen ochreous. Wings ochreous ;
fore wing with basal and subbasal black spots ; an antemedial series ;
a medial straight line ; a spot at end of cell ; a postmedial curved
series ; the veins of the marginal area streaked with black on fore
and hind wing.

Hab. Sikhim. Exp. 31 millim.

1435. Miltochrista palmata, Moore, P. Z. S. 1878, p. 31, pi. 3, &g. 5 ;

C. S. no. 688.

5 . Head, thorax, and abdomen orange-yellow ; mesothorax with
paired black spots. Wings very pale yellow. Pore wing with three
subbasal and three antemedial metallic blue-black spots, three
medial purple-black spots ; the interspaces of the outer half of
wing streaked with purplish blaclc, the streaks not reaching the
outer margin. Hind wing with submargiual fuscous streaks,
obsolescent towards anal angle.

A female from Simla has the markings of fore and hind wmgs
very much reduced.

Hab. Simla ; Kangra ; Assam. Exp. 33 miUim.

1436. Miltochrista maculifasciata, n. sp.

9 Head, thorax, and abdomen orange-yellow; the thorax
spotted with black. Pore wing pale flesh-colour; a basal blue-
black spot ; a subbasal series of three spots ; two antemedial more

MILTOCHBISTA,

111

or less conjoined series ; a spot at end of cell ; the veins of the
outer area broadly streaiied with blue-black, the bases of tlie
streaks enlarged and almost conjoined into a curved line. Hind
wing pale flesh-colour ; inner area yellowish ; veins of outer area
broadly streaked with blue-black.

Hob. Burma. Exp. 36 milHm. Type in B. M.

1437. Miltochrista strigipennis, Herr-Schiiffer, Samml. aussereur.

Schmelt. no. 437.
Lyclene discistriga, 3Ioore, P. Z. S. 1878, p. 33 ; C. ^ S. no. 680,
Lvclene terminata, Moore, P. Z. S. 1878, p. 33 ; C. ^ S. no. 692.
Lvclene sinica, Moore, A. M. N. H. (4) xx, 1877, p. 87.
Lyclene inconspicua, Moore, P. Z. S. 1878, p. 32 ; C.^ S. no. 683.

Ochreous ; fore wing with a series of basal streaks ; a medial
slightly curved line; outer area with fine black streaks on the
veins.

The form sinica=inconspima has a reddish-orange tone.
Mab. China ; Sikhim ; Khasis ; Nagas ; Tenasserim ; Sumatra ;
Borneo. Exp., d 22, 2 33 mm.

C. Fore iving with a series of postmedial species or blotches
conjoined into a band.

1438. Miltoclirista fascalis, Hmpsn. III. Set. viii, p. 50, pi. 139, fig. 9.

cJ . Head ochreous ; thorax orange, the tegiilae and vertex
spotted with black ; abdomen fuscous, with an ochreous anal tuft.
Tore wing fiery red ; the costa and median nervure streaked with
black at base ; a large subbasal fuscous patch coalescing with an
obUque band ; a spot on discocellulars joined to a large patch
occupying the whole outer area; cilia ochreous. Hind wing
ochreous, with traces of an oblique medial band ; some specimens
with the apex suffused with fuscous.

Hub. Nilgiri plateau. Eccp. 22-32 millim.

1439. Miltochrista sufFasa, Hmpsn. III. Het. viii, p. 49, pi. 139, fig. 18.

2 . Head, thorax, and fore wing flesh-pink ; abdomen fuscous,
with an ochreous anal tuft. Fore wing with a basal black spot ;
a subbasal fuscous band coalescing with an oblique band ; the
discocellulars black ; a curved postmedial band with some spots
beyond it ; a series of submarginal specks. Hind wing fuscous ;
the outer margin flesh-pink ; cilia fuscous.

Hah. Nilgiris, W. slopes, 3000 feet. Exp. 28 millim,

1440. Miltochrista rubricosa, Moore, P. Z. S. 1878, p. 30, pi. 3, fig. 1 ;

C. Sf S. no. 706.

Lyclene curvifascia, Hmpsn. III. Het. viii, p. 49, pi. 139, fig. 17.
Lyclene ochracea, Hmpsn. III. Het. viii, p. 51, pi. 139, fig. 26.

Diff'ers from suffusa in the medial band of the fore wing being
widely separated from the antemedial band ; the postmedial baud

112 AECTIIDjE.

more irregular, nearer the margin, and without spots beyond it.
Hind wing flesh-piuk ; some specimens with traces of a methal

band. . ,.

The form ruhricosa has the medial band of fore wmg oblique,
the marginal specks almost obsolete; in curvi.fascia the band is
more erect and the specks prominent ; ochracea is ochreous with
only a shght tinge of pink.

Hab. Bombay; Khandala; Niigiris; Ceylon. £^rp., d
5 22-20 milhm,

1441. Miltochrista arcuata, Moore, Lep. Ceyl. ii, p. 62, pi. 103, fig. 5 ;

C. Sf S. no. U7o. T -.on c If,

Lyclene rosea, Hmpsn. III. Net. viii, p. 50 pi. 139, fag. iJ.
Lyclene aurora, Hmpsn. III. Het. yiii, p. 50, pi. 139, fag. 20.

Differs from ruhricosa in being pinker, the subbasal band being
reduced to a series of irregularly placed specks ; the medial baud
narrow and more erect; the postmedial band reduced to irregularly

Lrtheform arcuata the medial band is slightly curved, in rosea
and aurora straight ; the last has the band very narrow and the
subbasal and postmedial specks almost obsolete.

Hab. Nilgiris; Ceylon. Exj)., 6 20, ? 22 millim.

1442 Miltochrista ila, 3Ioore, Lap. K I. Co. p. 300; id. Lep. Ceyl. ii,

pi. 103, fig. 6 ; a^S. BO. 682.
Differs from ruptifasda in the subbasal and postmedial bands of
the fore win- being reduced to series of specks ; the medial band
broad, regular, and nearly erect; a marginal series ot specks.
. Hah. Canara ; Ceylon. Exp. 22-24 miUim.

1443 Miltochrista solita, Wlk. Cat. ii, p. 521 ; Moore, Lep. Ceyl. ii,

pi. 103, fig. 9; C.^^. no. 653.

^ Differs from ila in the medial band of both wmgs being
obsolete l^ore wing in male with the medial and postmedial series
of spe ks almost entirely obsolete ; fairly well mai-ked in female.

Hah. Ceylon. Exp., 6 24, ? 26 miUim.

1444. Miltochrista magna, n. sp.

P Head thorax, and abdomen pale lemon-yellow. Pore wing

^'tab. Manipur.; Beruardmyo i^DoKerty). Ex^. 48 millin. Type
in coll. Elwes.

MILTOCHEISTA,

113

1445. Miltochrista pallida, Moore, P. Z. S. 1878, p. 12 ; C. .5- S.

no. 572.

Head, thorax, and abdomen white ; collar orange. Fore wing
uniform very pale ochreous, the fcilia white. Hmd wing white.
Hab. Sikhim. Exp., d 3S, $ 55 millim.

1446. Miltochrista sexpuncta, n. sp.

cJ . Ochreous. Eore wing with a black spot at base ; a prominent
spot above centre of cell, one at end of cell, with one below it
above inner margin and two spots near centre of outer margin.
Abdomen and hind wing paler.

ffab. Bernardmyo, Burma, 6000 feet (DoJierty). Exp. 26 millim.
Type in coll. Elwes.

1447. Miltochrista spilosomoides, Moore, P. Z. S. 1878, p. 33 ; C.Sr S.

no. 691.

c?. Head, thorax, and abdomen yellowish white, the last
ochreous at extremity ; tegulte and shoulders with black spots.
Wings yellowish white ; fore wing with a black spot at base and
ante- and postmedial series of black specks.

Hab. " N.W. India." Exjy. 44 milHm.

1448. Miltochrista dharma, Moore, P. Z. S. 1879, p. 394 ; C. ^- S.

no. 650.

Differs from solita in the postmedial series of specks being
nearer the marginal series ; the medial and marginal series of specks
absent ; all the specks larger and more prominent.

A male from the Naga Hills has the subbasal series of spots of
fore wing absent.

Hab. N.W. Himalayas ; Naga and Karen Hills. Exp. 28 millim.

1449. Miltochrista infumata, Feld. Heis. Nov. pi. 106, fig. 16 ; C. c^- S.

no. 718.

Setinocbroa postica, Moore, P. Z. S. 1878, p. 36 ; C. ^ S. no. 720.
Setinochroa pallida, Moore, P. Z. S. 1878, p. 35 ; C. ^- S. no. 719.
Setina decisigna, Moore, P. Z. S. 1878, p. 35 ; C. ^ S. no. 051.

Head, thorax, and abdomen orange-yellow. Fore wing orange-
yellow, with a black speck at base ; a prominent spot at end of cell,
a submarginal series of seven spots. Hind wing smoky black ; a
black line on discocellulars ; the inner area more or less suffused
with orange ; cilia orange.

Hab. N.W. Himalayas. Exp. 25 millim.

1450. Miltochrista fascifusa, Stoi7ih. MS.

(5 . Differs from infumata in the fore wing being without the
submarginal series of black spots ; hind wing slightly suffused
with fuscous.

Ilab. Khdsis. Exp. 30 millim. Type in B. M.

VOL. II. T

114

AROTIIDJE.

1451. Miltochrista cylletona, Sioinh. A. M. N. H. (6) xii, p. 217.

c?. Differs from infumaia in tlie fore wing having two ante-
medial black specks ; a black marginal band from centre of costa
to apex and outer angle ; hind wing with black marginal band ;
underside of fore wing not black.

Hab. Shan States. Exp. 20 millim.

1452. Miltochrista aurantiaca, Moore, T. Z. S. 1878, p. 35, pi. 3,

lig. 12 ; a ^ S. no. 717.

cJ . Differs from infumata in having two subbasal black spots on
fore wing beyond the basal spot; the apical spot of the submarginal
series and those in interno-median inters]3ace obsolete. Hind wing
with the basal area more suffused with orange.

Hah. Khasis. Kvp. 24 millim.

1453. Miltochrista obliqua, Hmpsn. 111. Het. viii, p. 51, pi. 139, fig. 25.

S . Differs from rubricosa in being pale oehreous ; the medial
line of fore wing straight, narrow, and oblique ; abdomen fuscous,
with the anal tuft oehreous.

Hab. Nilgiri plateau. Kvp. 28 millim.

1454. Miltochrista congerens, Feld. Beis. Nov. pi. 106, fig. 14 ; C. S,- S.

no. 678.

Lyclene artocarpi, Moore, P. Z. S. 1878, p. 30 ; C. c^- S. no. 6/6.
Differs from rubricosa in being more oehreous ; the marginal
series of specks on fore wing absent.

Hab. N.W. Hunalayas ; Sikhim ; Calcutta. Exp. 21 millim.

1455 Miltochrista ruptifascia, H^npsn. III. Set. ix, p. 85, pi. 158,
fig. 12.

Differs from congerens in being pure oehreous ; the subbasal
band of fore wing outwardly oblique towards inner margin, and
anastomosing with the medial band ; the upper portion of the
postmedial band reduced to a series of specks. Hind wing with
a well-defined medial fuscous baud.

Hab. Ceylon. Exp. 18 millim.

1456. Miltochrista floccosa, Wlk. Cat. xxxi, p. 274 ; C. 8,- S. no. 723.

0 Semidiaphauous pale brownish oehreous. Tore wing with
indistincb subbasal and medial fuscous bauds; a spot on disco-
ceUulars ; postmedial aud marginal series of specks.

ifa6. Coiitibatore. ^^.r^'- 22 millim.

1457. Miltochrista subcervina, Wlk. Cat. xxxi, p. 274 ; C. >§• 5.

no. /

^ Differs Ivom floccosa in being of an orange tone ; t^e ante-
medial, medial, and postmedial bands of fore wmg better defined.
Hab. Ganjam. Exp. 18 mdlim.

MTLTOCHniSTA.

115

145S. Miltochrista nuWlalis, n. sp.

d . Head yellow ; thorax and abdomen fuscous. Fore wing
semihyaliue yellow ; a large basal fuscous patch joined on inner
margin by a very broad fuscous postmedial baud. Hind wing
yellow; an indistinct fuscous medial band, nari'ow at costa, broad
at inner margin, whei'e it nearly reaches the anal angle.

Mab. Granjam (Minchin). Exp. 20 millim. Type in coll. Druce.

1459. Miltochrista humilis, Wlk. Cat.W,^. bii; CS^ S.no.
Setina calamaiia, Moore, P. Z. S. 1888, p. 392 ; C. c?- S. no. 649 a.
Setina nebulosa, Moore, P. Z. S. 1878, p. 35 ; C. ^ 8. no. 652.
Setina dasara, Moore, Lep. E. I. Co. p. 303.

Barsine chromatica, Sicinh. Trans. lint. Soc. 1891, p. 135.
Setina ? pmictata, Mwes, P. Z. S. 1890, p. 389, pi. 32, fig. 18.

Bright ochreous. Fore wing with a dark speck at base ; a
curved postmedial band ; a dark spot at end of cell ; a postmedial
band of irregular fuscous blotches. Hind wing in some specimens
with traces of a submarginal fuscous band.

The form Immilis from Burma ( ? 22 milHm.) has the postmedial
band broad on the disk and \videly separated from the antemedial
band ; in dasara=cliromatica, from Kangra, the NHgiris, Sumatra,
Java (30 millim.), the band is narrower, much more irregular, and
often conjoined to the antemedial band below the cell ; in nebulosa,
from Sikhim ( $ 32 millim.), the antemedial band expands into a
large patch on inner margin conjoined to the postmedial baud, which
is very broad and occupies the whole disk ; the hiud wing whitish.

The form c(damaria= punctata has all the markings obsolete,
except the black spots at base and end of cell of fore wing.

Hab. Punjab ; Sikhim ; Nagas ; Nilgiris ; Moulmein ; Java.
Exp. 22-32 milUm.

1460. Miltochrista varians, Hmpsn. III. Bet. vs., p. 85, pi. 158, figs. 10,

20, 32, 33.

S . Head and thorax orange, the latter spotted with black ;
abd(5men and wings black ; fore wing with a slight bronzy tinge ;
a black speck at end of cell.

In another form the fore wing has a basal orange spot, medial
spots on costa and inner margin, the apex streaked with orange.

2 . With an anal ochreous tuft ; fore wing with the base orange,
two costal spots and one on inner margin ; the outer margin
orange, with a series of black specks.

In another form the fore wing is mostly orange with a basal
black spot ; an irregular antemedial line conjoined to an irregular
medial patch and postmedial band ; hind wing suiJused in parts
with ochreous.

J/ab. Ceylon. Exp. 20 millim.

1461 . Miltochrista andamana, Moo7-e, P. Z. S. 1877, p. 597 ; C. ^- S.

no. 03G.

$ . Pale ochreous ; thorax spotted with black. Fore wing

i2

116

AECTIIDJE.

whitisli, with a black speck at base; some snbbasal short streaks ;
a slightly curved medial line ; a spot at eud of cell ; a submarginai
series ol: specks and marginal line.
Hah. Andamans. Exp. 17 millim.

D. Fore wing with a curved postmedial line, with fuscous
streaks beyond it.

1462. Miltochrista coujunctana, Wlk. Cat. xxxv, p. 1788 ; C, ^- S.

no. 695.

Miltochrista tessellata, Butl. III. Set. v, p. 39, pi. 86, fig. 12 ;
C. ^ S. no. 633.

Bright ochreous. Eore wing with a black spot at base ; the
basal part of the costa black ; a donbly angulated antemedial band
with its angles conjoined to an angulated medial baud, which again
touches a doubly curved postmedial band sending three spurs out-
wards towards the margin; a mai-ginal black line.

Bab. Silihim ; Cachar ; Nagas. Exji. 19-22 milhm.

1463. Miltochrista euprepioides, Wlk. Joum. Linn. Sac vi, p. 102.
Lyclene iiiterserta, Moore, P. Z. 8. 1878, p. 32, pi. 3, fig-. Q;C.^- S.

no. 685.

$ . Bright ochreous ; head, collar, and tegulas marked mth dark
brown. Fore wing with the margins brown ; a basal band ; an
angulated antemedial band ; a doubly angulated medial band with
its^angles conjoined to the antemedial band, and sending a streak
below the subcostal nervure and a fork below the median to a
curved and angulated postmedial band, parallel to which is another
band sending three streaks to the outer margin ; ciha dark brown.

The Sikhim form interserta has the brown bands much narrower
than the Bornean form.

Hah. Sikhim ; JSTagas ; Borneo. Exj}. 36 millim.

1464. Miltoclirista radians, Moore, P. Z. S. 1878, p. 30, pi. 3, fig. 2 ;

a S. no. 690.

(5 . Differs from prominens in the snbbasal, antemedial and
medial series of fore wing being formed of short hues ; the medial
series neai-ly erect ; the postmedial further from the base and almost
evenly curved ; the streaks on the veins of fore and hnid \Mngs
shorter ; the fork of the streaks on veins 8 and 9 nearer the apex.

Bab. 'Calcutta. Exp. 22 milhm.

1465. Miltochrista zebruia, Moore, P. Z. S 1878, p. 31, pi. 3, fig. 4 ;

C. i S. no. 603.

9 Differs from prominens in the medial line of the fore wing
being straighter; the postmedial line excurved round the end ot
cell, but not denticulate ; the fork of the streaks on vems 8 and 9
as in radians. Hind wing with the marginal streaks somewhat
diffused so as to form a fuscous baud.

Bah. Calcutta. Exp. 24 millim.

MILTOCHTIISTA.

1466. Miltochrista coccinea, Moore, Jour. A. S. B. Iv, 1886, pt. 2,

p. 98 ; a ir S. no. 694.

Head, thorax, and abdomen orange-red ; tegular each with a
fuscous spot. Fore wing orauge ; an excurved anteinedial fuscous
baud, joined at middle to a medial baud, which again joins a post-
medial band below the median nervure ; some short conjoined
streaks beyond this band ; all these markings being outlined with
crimson ; a series of marginal crimson spots. Hind w ing pale
crimson.

Mab. Margharita, Assam ; Tavoy. Exj). 32 mQlim.

1467. Miltochrista rhodina, Uerr.-Schaffer, Samml. aussereur. Schmelt.

no. 438.

Barsine trivittata, Moore, P. Z. S. 1877, p. 697 ; C. c?- S. no. 709.
Barsine excliisa, £uU. Trans. Ent. Soc. 1877, p. 340.

Antennas, head, thorax, and abdomen crimson; tegulse and
thorax spotted with black. Fore wing crimson ; some black marks
at base ; subbasal and autemedial angulated lines which are con-
joined at median nervure ; a spot on discoceUulars ; a curved
postrnedial line with slight streaks and fuscous suffusion beyond
it ; cilia black. Hind wing paler crimson.

A specimen from Burma has the medial line nearly straight, and
well separated from the autemedial line ; no speck at end of cell ;
the streaks beyoud the postrnedial line prominent ; the costa and
apex of hind wing black.

Hah. Burma ; Andamans ; Borneo. Exp. 26-28 millim.

1468. Itiltochrista cuneonotata, Wlk. Cat. iii, p. 759 ; Moore, Lep

Ceijl. ii, pi. 103, tig. 10 ; C. ^ S. no. 696 (part).
Ammatbo roseororatus, Butl. Trans. Ent. Soc. 1877, p. 341.
Barsine scripta, Wlk. Cat. xxxi, p. 254.

Miltochrista collivolans, Bidl. A. M. N. H. (5) vili, 1881, p. 380.

Head, thorax, and abdomen ochreous, generally suffused with
crimson. Wings ochreous or suffused with crimson. Fore wing
with some basal spots and subbasal fuscous streaks ; a curved ante-
medial line anastomosing in the cell with a doubly angulated medial
line ; a curved and angulated postmedial liue ;" the outer inter-
spaces streaked with fuscous ; costa and cilia fuscous.

The form cuneonotata is suffused with crimson ; the veins of the
outer area of fore wing prominently streaked with crimson ; in
roseororata the crimson streaks are less prominent, and the hind
wing with hardly a trace of crimson ; scripta is entirely ochreous.

Hah. Sikhim; Nagas ; Ceylon ; Sumatra; Nias ; Borneo. Exp.,
d 34, ? 42 millim. ^

1469. Miltochrista punicea, Moore, P. Z. S. 1878, p. 29 ; C. ^ S.

no. 705.

Differs from cuneonotata in the thorax being more strongly
marked with black ; abdomen black. Fore wing without the red
streaks in the interspaces ; the medial angulated liue after coalescing

118

auctiid^.

with the antemeclial line touches the postmedial line in the interno-
median interspace ; the fuscous submargiual streaks very irregular
in length. Hind wing with a series of streaks on the veins of tbe
marginal area which coalesce into a more or less complete band ; a
speck at end of cell.

Hah. Sikhim ; E. Pegu. Exp. 24 millim.

1470. Miltochrista cruciata, IVlk. Joum. Limi. Soc. vi, p. 101.
Barsine gloriosa, Moore, P. Z. S. 1878, p. 29, pi. 3, fig. 16 ; C. Sr S.

no. 699.

Differs from cuneonotata in the fore wing having the suhbasal
streaks absent ; the medial and postmedial lines not angulated m
the interno-median interspace ; the fuscous streaks in the marginal
interspaces slightly developed.

Hab. Sikhim ; Khasis ; Sumatra ; Borneo. Exj3. 31 milhm.

1471. Miltochrista inflexa, Moore, P. Z. S. 1878, p. 29, pi. 3, fig. 17 ;

C. S. no. 701.

Differs from cuneonotata in the thorax being spotted with crimson
instead of black. Pore wing with the ground-colour bnght orange,
with crimson streaks between the veins ; a dark patch on the
iunction of the antemedial and medial lines ; the fuscous streaks
beyond the postmedial line almost obsolete ; the costa and ciiia
blacker. Hind wing with the ciha tinged with fuscous.

Hal. Sikhim. Ex]o. 24 millim.

1472. Mltochrista postnigra, n. sp.

^ Head and thorax orange, the latter spotted with black ;
ahdomen black. Fore wing orange, with black sti;eaks ±rom th«
base along costa, median nervure, and inner margin to an ante-
medial curved line, touching at middle a slightly angulated medial
S^e a highly excm-ved postmedial Une, the area beyond it black
S red streaks in the interspaces. Hind wmg black, with a
yellow fascia along the basal half of costa.
^ Hah. Sikhim. Erp. 19 millim. Type m coU. Knyvett.

E. Fore wing ivith maculate hands of crimson spo<s.
1473 Miltochrista gratiosa, Guer. Dekss. Voy. Ind. ii, p. 90, pi. 26,

Li^^sl^ '-CS Grey, MoUcn Bt. ^ ^ 63.
Barsine defecta, Wlk. C«^".P-540; C. cV no. 696.
Hypoprepia lancedata,^^ tat- C.^-5.no.703.
Barsine mactans, ""^-^l'^- ^ 1? , A \^ 1577 p. .390.

Miltochrista pulchra, BrM. A. M. N lL {i) xx. !«/ / P
Barsine tiammealis, Moore, P. Z. 8. Itiib, p. /o, V- ^' n

H»c,, .hor»x. .ml abdomen ™son or ochj-eov.. n,0« »

MILTOCHEISTA.

119

beyond the cell ; a series of long streaks in the marginal interspaces ;
black lines between the series of crimson spots, these lines being
sometimes reduced to series of specks ; the outer line produced
into more or less prominent streaks between the crimson streaks.
Hind wing crimson or ochreous.

The form Jlammealis = mactans has the ground-colour of fore wing
slightly sutfused with crimson ; in gratiosa it is yellow, the first
two black lines being reduced to specks ; in prttiosa the hind wing
is but slightly tinged with crimson, in defeeta it is ochreous : in
pulchra and striata, from Japan and China, the fore wing is slightly
shorter and broader, the postmedial black line reduced to specks
and the black streaks slightly developed ; the former has the hind
wing crimson, the latter ochreous. A specimen from the Khasis
has the red markings of fore wing almost obsolete.

Hab. Japan ; China ; throughout the hills of India, Ceylon, and
Burma. Exp., d 30-36, 2 40-46 millim.

1174. Miltochrista delicia, Swinh. Trans. Ent. Soc. 1891, p. 477,
pi. xix, lig. 12.

$ . Differs from gratiosa in the crimson spots of the fore wing
being smaller ; a postmedial series is present separated from the
marginal streaks, which are short ; the lines brown ; the antemedial"
line curved and coalescing at middle with the medial obliciue line ;
the postmedial line more angulated ; cilia fuscous.

Hab. Khasis ; Naga Hills. Exp. 28 millim.

1475. Miltochrista esmia, S^vinh. A. M. N. H. (6) xii, p. 217.

S . Pale pink ; fore wing with fuscous streaks on the veins, in
cell, and interno-median interspace, and red streaks in the inter-
spaces.

Hab. Shan States, Exp. 30 millim.

1476. Miltochrista flavivenosa, Moore, P. Z. S. 1878, p. 30, pi. 3,

fig. 18 ; C. ^ S. no. 698.

cJ . Differs from gratiosa in the fore wing having an excurved
antemedial line, coalescing for a short distance with an incurved
medial band; the postmedial line near the margin and much less
curved, the fuscous streaks beyond it very short and only from
costa to vein 4. Hind wing almost white.

Hab. Sikhim. Exjp. 24 millim.

Sect. III. Antennae of male bipectinated.

1477. Miltoclirista nubifascia, Wlk. Cat. xxxi, p. 251 ; Butl. III. Set.

V, pi. 86, fig. 11 ; C. Sf S. no. 686.
Biirsine punctifascia, Wlk. Char, undescr. Het. p. 9.
Lyclene indistincta, Moore, P. Z. 8. 1878, p. 33, pi. 3, fig. 9 ;

C. ^ S. no. 684.

Lyclene simplifascia, Hlw. P. Z. S. 1890, p. 389, pi. xxxii, fig. 19.

H ead, thorax, and fore wing bright ochreous, the last with a
spot at base ; an antemedial series of foiir spots ; two medial

120

ai?ctiid;e.

slightly curved series of live spots ; a postmedial fascia, which is
sometimes almost obsolete, sometimes very broad and proiiiiuent,
with its edges angulated. Abdomen and hind wing pale ochreous.

The form simplifascia has the two medial series of specks on
fore wing sti'aigliter and further apart ; indisiincta has the markings
almost obsolete.

Huh. Sikhim. Exp., 6 34, 2 40 millim.

1478. Miltoclirista melanoleuca, n. sp.

Head white ; thorax white, spotted with black ; abdomen white,
the extremity blackish in male. Fore wing white, the basal costal
area suffused with black ; a subbasal series of black spots and tsvo
medial series ; a broad irregular submarginal band with denticulate
edo-es, sending a sti-eak along inner margin towards the base. Hind
wing white, with traces of medial and submarginal maculate bands.

Hah. Sikhim {Mdller). Exp. 36 millim. Type in coll. Elwes.

1479. Miltochrista trimacula, Empsn. III. Het. ix, p. 85, pi. 157,

figs. 27, 28.

cJ . Euscous brown ; head, collar, and base of patagia orange.
Eore wing with black spots at base, middle, and end of cell ; traces
of a curved postmedial line.

5 . Thorax and ground-colour of fore wing yellow ; the post-
medial line slightly more distinct ; anal tuft greyish.

Hah. Ceylon. Exp., <S 18, $ 20 millim.

Genus TRICHOLEPIS.

Tricholepis, Hmjjsn. III. Het. viii, p. 44 (1891).
Type, T. eruhescew, Hmpsn.

Nilgiris ; Ceylon. , . , ^, •,•

Palpi very minute. Antennae ciliated m both sexes, the cilia
longer in male than female. Abdomen of female with a large anal
tuft Wings covered with hair-like scales ; fore wmg long, the
apex produced and rounded ; the outer margin very oblique ; veins

7 8 9 stalked ; 11 anastomosing with 12. Hmd wmg with vein 3
f^-om before angle of cell; 5 from above angle; 6 and 7 stalked;

8 from beyond middle of cell.

Sect. I. Hind tibiae with a terminal pair of spurs.
1480. Tricholepis erubescens, Hmpsn. III. Het. viii, p. 44, pi. 139,
figs. 3, 12. ^ ^ Hetii and thorax scarlet ; abdomen

and wings black. I'ore wing with the
basal area scarlet, extending along the
costa to the middle ; disk slightly suffused
with scarlet.

xv^j^ 5 . The anal tuft ochreous ; tore wmg

Yig. 7i.-rricholepis much more suffused with scarlet; the
erubescens, c?- h cilia scarlet.

TEICHOLEPIS . — XANTHOOEASPEDA .

121

Larva thickly clothed with short brown hair.
hah. Niigiri plateau. Exp. 20 niillim.

Sect. II. Hind tibiae with two pairs of spurs.

1481. Tricholepis uniformis, Hmimi. III. Het. ix, p. 86, pi. 157,
%• 29.

$ . Pale brownish fuscous ; the vertex of head yellowish ; anal
tuft ochreous. Wings semihjaline ; fore wing with a yellowish
tinge.

Hah. Newera Ellia, Ceylon. Exp. 24 millim.

Genas MACH^ROPHORA.

Macbairophora, Hmpm. III. Het. ix, p. 86 (1893).

Type, M. fulvipuncta, Hmpsn.
Range. Ceylon.

cJ . Antennte hipectinate, the branches very short. Eore tibia
with a short curved spine ; mid and hind tibiss with rather long
terminal pairs of spurs. Wings covered with scales and hair.
Tore wing with veins 7, 8, 9 stalked; 11 arising from 10, then
anastomosing with 12. Hind wing with veins 3 and 4 stalked ;
6 and 7 on a very long stalk ; 8 from near end of cell.

1482. Machserophora
pi. 159, fig. 10.

Fig. 75. — Macharnphora
J'ulviimncta, ^. \.

fulvipuncta, Hmpm. III. Het, ix, p. 86,

cj . Head, collar, and tegulse orauge-
yellow ; thorax dark brown, with a few
orange scales. Abdomen aud wdngs very
dark brown ; fore wing with a dusky yellow
patch at centre of inner margin.

The female, Mr. E. E. Green informs
me, is apterous.

Hah. Maskelyia, Ceylon. Exp. 20
millim.

Genus XANTHOCRASPEDA, nov.

Type, X. marf/inata, Wlk.
lianc/e. S. India.

Palpi minute and porrect. Antennse of male with long cilia.
Tibias with the spurs of moderate lengfh. Fore wing M'ith vein 3
from before angle of cell ; 4 and 5 from angle ; 6 from upper
angle; 7, 8, 9 stalked: 11 anastomosing with 12. Hind wing
with vein 3 from before angle of cell, 5 from above the angle ; G
and 7 stalked ; 8 from near end of cell.

122

AltCTJlDa:.

1483. Xanthocraspeda marginata, Wlk. Cat. xxxi, p. 274 ; C.S^S.
no. 721.

S . Head, thorax, and abdomen bright
yellow. "Wings dark reddish browji ;
fore wing with the central portion o£
costa and basal three-fourths of inner
margin yellow. Hind Aving with the
inner margin and cilia towards anal angle

^';:^X6'T'' 'tl Coimbatore. 22 milhm.

Genus THUMATHA.
Thumatha, WUc. Cat. xxxv, p. 1900 (1866).
Type, T. fuscescens, "Wlk.

Eange. Ceylon; Australia. _
Palpi porrect and slender. Antennae bipectmated m male.
Tibiffl with the spurs long. Fore wing short and broad ; vems d
4 5 from close to end of cell ; 6 from below upper angle; 7, b, 9
stalked ; 11 anastomosing with 12. Hind wing with veins 3 and
4 stalked ; 5 from angle of cell ; 6 and 7 stalked ; 8 from beyond
the middle of cell.

1484 Thumatha fuscescens, Wlk. Cat. xxxv, p. 1901 ; Bvipsn. III.
Bet. ix. pi. 158, fig. 18.

. Pale reddish brown. Fore wing with
traces of ante- and postmedial waved hnes ;
a black spot at end of cell; a spot on the
costa before the apex ; series of submargmal
and marginal specks.

Hah. Ceylon; Moreton Bay, Austraha.

Pig. 'J7.— Thumatha Exp. 16 millim.
fuscescens, S • \.

Genus NUDARIA.

Nudaria, Saio. Lep. Brit. p. 166 (1803).
Rhanghana, Moore, P. Z. S. 18/8, p. 22.

Tvne iV: mMwc?a»ia, Linn., from Europe. . r

Europe; Africa ; throughout India ;Eurma ;A^^^^^^^^^^

Palpi minute and porrect. Antenna, .bJrt Ze

swollen and large. Tibi^ with the spurs rather sho^t. Fore
wing with the cell long; veins 9 and 11 present; 5 ^vhen
pres^ent, often comes from the midclle of f ^^o'^'^ll^J^V X ^'^^
s curved, not straight as in the Oeomctrzdce. ^u^d M^g ^^tb
vein 3 from before angle of cell, 5 from above angle ; 6 and , on a
long stalk ; 8 from near end of cell.

JTCTDARIA,

123

Sect. T. Fore wing with vein 5 absent ; 6 from below angle

of cell.

A. Fore wing ivitli veins 7, 8, 9 stalked; antennoB of male with
the cilia minute.

1485. Nudaria apicalis, Wlk. Cat. ii, p. 521.

S . Pulvous yellow. Pore wing witb a black speck at base of
costa ; a subbasal black spot ; another at end of ceU. Hind wing
paler.

In the type from China the anal tuFt is black.
Hab. china; Burma. ^.r^J. 20 millim.

B. Fore wing luith veins 7, 8, 9 from angle of cell ; antennce of male
with the cilia long.

1486. Nudaria suflFusa, n. sp.

c? . Ochreous white ; the wings suffused with fuscous. Pore
wing with whitish patches at centre of costa, apex, centre of outer
margin, and outer angle. Hind wing with the cilia pale.

JIab. Sikhim. Exj). 18 mOlim. Type in coU. Elwes.

Sect. 11. Pore wing with vein 5 present ; 6 absent ; 7, 8, 9

stalked.

1487. Nudaria fasciata, Moore, F. Z. S. 1878, p. 36 ; C. ^ S. no. 722.

J . Pale ochreous. Pore wing with the costal area suffused
with dark red-brown ; postmedial and apical striae on the costa ;
traces of a postmedial obhque fuscous line ; a marginal series of
specks.

Bab. Sikhim, 10,000 feet. Kvj). 25 millim.

1488. Nudaria margaritacea, Wlk. Cat. xxxi, p. 275; C. ^ S.

no. 724.

Nudaria margaritaria, Wlk. Cat. xxxi, p. 275 ; C. ^ S. no. 725.

"White. Pore wing with the basal part of the costa black; a
basal speck ; antemedial, postmedial, and submarginal angulated

Fig. 78. — Nudaria margaritacea, cJ. j.

fuscous lines, the last sending a spur to centre of outer margin.
Hind wing with an indistinct fuscous spot on centre of costa.
Hub. Sikhim. Exp. 25 millim.

124

AKCTIID^.

1489. Nudaria coavestis, u. sp.

d . Head, tliorax, and abdomen pale ochreous. Fore wing pale
seiuidiaphanous ochreous, with a straight antemedial hyaline band ;
a hyaline ring-spot at end of cell and curved postmedial band.
Hind wing whitish hyaline.

Hah. Sikhim {Elw'es). Exp. 20 mLllim. Type in coll. Elwes.

Sect. III. {Rhanqlmna). Eore wing with vein 5 absent ;
'6 stalked with 7, 8, 9.

*1490. Nudaria punctata, Moore, P. Z. S. 1878, p. 22, pi. 2, fig. 12 ;
C.^S. no. QOQ.

$ . Pale ochreous buff. Fore wing with nine small black
marginal spots ; underside paler.
Mah. Calcutta. Kvji. 30 millim.

Genus PAL.ffiOPSIS.

Palfeopsis, Hmpsn. III. Set. ix, p. 86 (1893).
Type, P. diaplianeUa, Hmpsn.

Bamje. Naga Hills ; Ceylon. -, . , ,

Palpi short and porrect, the first two joints fringed with long
hairs. Antenna with the basal joint swollen and fringed with
long scales ; the medial spurs of hind tibisB very short. Fore
wing with the cell nearly reaching the ajjsx ; vein 5 from near
centre of discocellulars ; 6, 9, and 11 absent. Hind wing with
vein 3 from before angle of cell; 5 from above the angle; 6 and 7
stalked, 8 from near end of cell.

1491. Palffiopsis diaphanella, Hmpsn. III. Het. ix, p. 87, pi. 158,

iiK. 8.

Fig. l^.—PalfBopsis diapJia-
nella, S-

S . White ; the wings semidia])hanous.
Foi-e wing with subbasal and ante-
medial brown spots on the costa ; a
postmedial spot from which runs a
waved line to inner margin ; an indis-
tinct patch beyond the cell and three
large submarghial spots.

Hah. Nfiga Hills ; Ceylon. E.rp. 14 millim.

Genus SCHISTOPHLEPS.

Schistophlep3, Hmpsn. III. Het. viii. p. 53 (1891).

Tvpe, S. hipuncta. Hmpsn.

jiaiK/e. Niiga Hills ; Nilgiris ; Ceylon.

Palpi slight and porrect."^ Antenna) with the basal joint s^vollen

SCHISTOPHLEPS. — OHAMAITA,

125

and cJothed with long scales. Tibia9 with the spurs rather short.
Pore wing with vein 3 from before angle of cell ; 5 from near
centre of discocellulars ; 6 from upper angle ; 7, 8 and 9, 10
stalked ; 11 anastomosiug with 12 ; 3 veinlets between 12 and the
costa. Hind wing with vein 3 from before angle of cell ; 5 from
above angle ; 6 and 7 stalked ; 8 from near end of cell.

1492. Schistophleps bipuncta, Hmpsn. III. Met. viii, p. 54, pi. 140,
Hg. 23.

Ochreous semidiaphauous white.
Fore wing with an indistinct ante-
medial rufous line, with some
fuscous suffusion on its inner
edge ; black specks at centre and
end of cell ; the postmedial discal
area suffused with rufous ; a
series of indistinct submarginal
streaks and margmal specks.
Hind wing hyaline.
Hab. Naga Hills ; Nilgiris ; Ceylon. ^a.;p. 21 millim.

Fig. 80.

Schistophleps bipuncta, cJ .

Genus CHAMAITA.

Chamaita, Wlk. Journ. Linn. Soc. vi, p. 121 (1862).
Homopsyche, Butl. A. M. N. H. (5) x, p. 226 (1882).

Type, C. tricJiopteroides, "Wlk., from Borneo.

Banffe. JS'aga Hills ; Assam; Ceylon; Borneo; New Britain.

Palpi slight and porrect. Antennte with the basal joint
thickened and very long. Tibiae with the spurs rather short.
Pore wing with the costa hairy and highly arched; in C. tricJio-
pteroides the cell in the male is covered by a fringe of hair arising
from the subcostal nervure ; of the Indian species the males are
unknown ; vein 3 from before angle of cell ; 5 from near centre of
discocellulars; 6 from below upper angle; 7 and 8 stalked; 9
absent; 11 not anastomosing with 12. Hind wing with vein 3
from before angle of cell ; 5 from above angle ; 6 and 7 stalked •
8 from middle of cell. '

Sect. I. Fore wing with vein 10 absent.
1493. Chamaita neuropteroides, n. sp.

5 . Head and thorax white, with a fulvous tinge ; abdomen
white. Wings semidiaphauous white ; fore wing with indistinct
antemedial and medial waved fulvous lines, and submarginal and
marginal series of specks.

£tab. Margharita, Assam ; Nagas (Doherty). Exp. 20 millim.
Type in coll. Elvves.

126

Sect. II. Pore wing with vein 10 present.
1494. Chamaita nympha, Moore, Lep. Cmjl. ill. p. 536, pi. 211, fig. 11.

5 . Differs from neuropteroides ia having a fulvous spot at
centre of cell of fore wing.

Hah. OevloD,

■^g.Ql.—Chamaita nympha, $. \.
Exp. 18 miUim.

Genus CACYPARIS.

Cacyparls, Wlh. Ca<. xxyi, p. 15^2 ;1862)
Ballatha, Wlk. Cat. xxxiv, p. 1214 (1865).

Throughout Incha, Burma, and Cey on ; Solomons.
plTupt™! the 3rd joint very long, slender, and knobbed
fVh^Pud Antennae fasciculate in male. Tore wmg broad, the
at the end Antenn^ 6 fi-om upper

S't al-iS^fr^m ?0 and anastom'osing with 8 to form the
angle , J.^ " -^^ ^^^^ 3 ^i^d 4 from angle of cell ; 5 from
Tve the'5;n1i:; e^Td 7 from upper angle; 8 from before mrddle
of cell.

Ballatha atiotumeus, Wlh. Cat. xxxiv, p. 121o.

discocellulars ; a postmedial
curved silver band witb a spot
of raised shining black scales on
the inner margin just wit bui it ;
an oval black subapical spot
ringed with ochreous and bi-
sected by an ochreous line, with
an obUque silver hue from the
costa to its inner edge ; cilia
silvery. Hind wing ochreous,

Fig. 82.
Cacyparis insolitata, cJ •

..,fi„,ea wi4 f,«cou,, except fte .ost.l ave». AMo.en .ello.,

OACYPARIS. — CHANDIOA.

127

1496. Cacyparis Iseta, Wlk. Cat. xxxiv, p. 1215 ; C. .5- S. no. 3548.

Head, thorax, and abdomen pale red-brown. Fore wing grey,
suffused with red-brown, except at apex ; two dark specks in end
of cell; traces near inner margin of dark medial, postmedial, and
submargiual lines. Hind wing bright yellow. Underside bright
yellow ; the whole fore wing suffused with smoky black, except the
apex and a streak from the base to centre of costa.

Hab. Moulmein. Exp. 24 millim.

1497. Cacyparis prunifera, Swinh. MS.

5 . Head and thorax mottled dark and pale brown. Togulse
with tufts of long white hairs and scales arising from beneath
them. Thorax with the ground-colour white, closely striated all
over with dark purphsh brown; a broken lunulate antemedial
chocolate hand ; a large oval chocolate mark beyond the cell, with
a pale outer edge, souie orange marks on its inner edge, and plum-
coloured dashes forming its centre ; some purplish marks on the
outer margin. Abdomen and hind wing fuscous.

Hah. Sikhim ; Ceylon. Ex_p, 40 millim. Type in Mus, Oxou.

Genus CHANDICA.
Chandica, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 286 (1888).

Type, C. quadripennis, Moore.
Range. Sikhim; Borneo.

Palpi upturned, reaching vertex of head, the 3rd joint short.
Antennte minutely ciliated in male. Fore wing very broad ; veins
3, 4, 5 from close to augle of cell ; 6 from below upper angle ;
7 and 8 stalked. Hind wing suljquadrate ; the outer margin
slightly excised ; veins 3, 4, 5 stalked and much curved ; 6 and 7
from upper angle ; 8 from middle of cell.

1498. Chandica quadripennis, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 286.

6 • Head, collar, and legs canary-yellow, slightly marked with
red-brown; thorax ferruginous red, suffused with brown. Fore

wing ferruginous red, crossed by
indistinct nearly straight ante-
medial, and curved and dentate
postmedial lines, the latter with
a diffused dark streak on its
upper portion ; the costa and
vnth. irregular

Fiir. 83.
Chandica quadripennis, (J.

outer margin below the apex.

slightly suffused with pink and fuscous.
Jlah. Sikhim ; Borneo. Ea;_p. 30 millim.

outer

canary-yellow bands, with some
brown suffusion on their inner
edges ; some brown specks on
Abdomen and hind wing whitish,

128

AEC'i'IlDiE.

Subfamily NYCTEOLIN^.

A eroup of Arctiidw, many of them coloured green, frequent-
ing trfesaucf shrubs. 'The apex of the fore wmg is more or less

produced P°^:;?;^^;j 13 fleshy, with the anal somite iapering
. T^t ^/l^^aHs nSth, the- anal prologs long, and feeds m
fhe orn ; S is sparsely covered with hair, has the anal
ctpeS short, and feeds among rolled-up leaves.

Key to the Genera.

n ¥ore yv'mg with an areole.

Fore wine with vein 10 anastomosmg
■ wi^h^Ti, 9 to form the areole ...... 1. SmNA, p. 128.

I.'. Fore ^ing with vein 9 anastomosing ^^^^134.

•with 8 to form the areole ^^'^^ '

j. Fore wing with no areole. „ o q
a'. Fore wmg with veins 7, 8, J, iu

'/S wine, with vein 5 absent 3. Tyana, p. 130

t< H nd wiS with vein 5 P-ent 4. Hai^ias, p. 132.
6'. Fore wing with veius 7, 8, 9 stalked;

10 fi-om ceU. g_ Eabias, p. 132.

Fore ling with veins 8, 9, 10 stalked,

7 from ceU. -, . . , i i

rt^ Palpi with the 3rd pint naked. _

„3. i?i,d wing with the outermargm ^ ^^^^^^^^ ^ ^^^^

rounded '

63. Hind Wing with the outer margm ^ p 135.

Palpi wk the 3;-djdn; fringed with g_
scales on the maide °' ' ^

Genus SINNA.

Type, ^^"^-i'^^fA^^-'irm'Tava; Sumatra.

Range. Japan ; ^^1^^°=^ ' ^f^^'^j^; g.d 'iolnt slender and long.

Palpi porrectly uptmned the 3rd^^3 ,

Antennae simple ^Jl^^f^^^'g 4 5 fUi near lower angle of cell ;
before middle of cell.

SINH-A. — AEIOLICA.

329

1499. Sinna dohertyi, Hho. P. Z. S. 1890, p. 400, pi. 33, fi^. 6.

(S . Head, thorax, and abdomen white ; palpi orange, tipped with
black ; collar, tegulae, and metathorax marked with orange. Fore
wing white ; the basal two-thirds with reticulated dark crimson

Fig. 84. — Sinna dohertyi, .

markings; a yellow streak on middle of inner margin; an
obliquely curved postmedial orange band ending at outer angle'; an
oblique black subapical streak and series of black marginal spots.
Hind wing white.

2- The streak on inner margin of fore wing crimson; the
subapical streak divided into two spots; palpi white, thorax
marked with crimson.

Eab. Naga Hills; Margharita, Assam. Exp., ^ 37, ? 42miUim.

Genus AEIOLICA.
Arlolica, Wlk. Journ. Linn. Soc. vii, p. 53 (1864)
ChioDomera, £utl. Tra?is. lint. Soc. 1881, p. 18.
Type, A. lineolata, Wlk., from Borneo.
Range. Japan; Sikhim ; Khasis ; Burma; Borneo.
_ l-alpi upturned, the 2nd joint reaching vertex of head ; the 3rd
]oint long. Antenna simple. Tibia3 with the spurs long. Tore
wmg with the apex rounded; veins 3, 4, 5 from close to lower
angle of cell; 6 and 7 from the upper angle; 8, 9, 10 stalked.
Hind wing with veins 3 and 4 stalked or from cell ; 5 from midcUe
ot discocellLiIars ; 6 and 7 stalked; 8 from before middle of cell.

*1500. Ariolica triangulifera, Moore, Lap. Ath. p. 285.

Head yellow ; thorax and abdomen white. Tore wing brio-ht
yellow, with a white patch at base edged by a reddish streak^ a
white spot below centre of costa ; the whole outer area, except
the costa, redd.sh purple, with a series of wliite submarginal spots,
the spot at middle large and triangular.

Hab. Cherra Punji. Rrp. 22 millim.

1501. Ago^ic^a siiperba, Moore, p. Z. S. 1867, p. 668, pi. 33, fig. 15 ;

_ c? . Head orange or white ; thorax and abdomen white Eora
wing silvery « hile ; a black spot on costa at base, the costa black
m some specimens ; an orange fascia below it; an antemedial
slightly waved orange band with some black scales on its outer
edge ; an oblique waved band from costa beyond the middle to

OL. II. ^

130

AnOTIIDiB.

outer angle, wide at costa and outer angle and bearing a white
spot below the costa ; a triangular orange mark on middle of outer
margin ; cilia dark at apex. Hind wing white.
Hab. Sikhim. Exj). iJ2 millim.

Fig. 85. — ArioUca superha, cJ. 1-
1502. Ariolica pulchella, Mwes, P. Z. S. 1890, p. 387, pi. 32, fig. 15.

Differs from superha in the markings of the fore wing behig
olive-veliow; no black basal spot on the costa; the antemedial band
muchbroader. as also is the oblique band, the subapical patch being
much reduced.

Bab. Sikhim ; E. Pegu. Kvp. 26-30 milhm.

Genus TYANA.

Tyana, Wlk. Cat. xxxv, p. 1776 (18G0).

Type, T. caJliclilora, Wlk.
Eange. Nepal ; Sikhim ; Bhutan.

Palpi porrect aud slender. Antennee minutely c^hated i ore
wing with the apex produced and acute ; veins 3, f t om near
angle of cell; 6 from upper angle; 7, 8, 9 10 stalked. Hind
wing with the apex acute; veins 3 and 4 f^m angle of cell,
5 absent ; 6 and 7 from upper angle ; 8 from middle of cell.

Sect. I. Hind wing of male with a fold on the inner margin
containing flocculent masses ot hau-.

1503. Tyana callicMora, WlJc. Cat. xxxv, p. 1776 ; Butl. III. Bet. vi,
pi. 105, figs. 2, 3 ; C. S. no. 504.
A Head pale red-brown, the frons and vertex white; palpi
withayeZw^ring; collar and tegula. white ; thorax green, fringed

-^g, Tyana callichhra, c?. I-
with xed.b,wn scdes; Xr^:!:^:^^^^''^'^^^- '^^^^

TYANA. 131^

vein 2 ; outer margin with a series of small white specks on a
narrow red-brown band. Abdomen and hind wing whitish, with a
yellowish-fuscous tinge.

$ . Pore wing with the yellowish str'ns much more prominent ;
an antemedial red-brown spot on the costa variable in size or
sometimes absent ; the spot at origin of vein 2 larger ; a broad
marginal red-brown band, widest at middle and outer angle.
Abdomen and hind wing pure white.

Hub. Sikhim. Kvp., j 40, $ 36 millim.

1504. Tyana pustulifera, Wlk. Cat. xxxv, p. 1773; JSutl. III. Hei

VI, pi. 105, rig. 7 ; C.^S. no. 608.
Tyana flatoides, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 285.

Differs from callicUora in the vertex of head, collar, and te<^ulffl
being yellow with red markings ; metathorax without white specks.
±ore wmg more acute at apex; uniform green, without yellow
striae or red and white markings, except a white spot at base out-
lined with red and the costa pale ; cilia yellow.

5 with a jellow red-ringed spot at end of cell of fore wing
variable m size and sometimes with a brown dot below it.

The form flatoides has a large red-brown patch ou the fore wing
from lower angle of cell to inner margin, some specimens haviuff
a white spot at its apex.

Hab. Nepal. Exp., c? 44, $ 38-46 milKm.

Sect. U. Hind wing of male without the fold and gland
on inner margin.

1505. Tyana cWoroleuca Wlk. Cat. xxxv, p. 1777; Butl. III. Met.

VI, pi. lOo, figs. 5, 6 ; C.^S. no. -505.

Tyana speculatrix, £utl. A. M. N. H. (5) vi, 1880, p. 64; C &■ S.
no. oU9. ' r J J

'^^nTsm'''''^' ^' ^' ^' P- ^■

Y^^evs horn pustulifera in the head, collar, and teguls bein-
ye ow. Fore wing with the basal patch yellow, only slightl^
outlined with red. Abdomen and hind wing pure white in both

The iovm speculatr^a; has a large red-brown patch at lower angle
of ceU with two or three ochreous spots on it ; in Moroleuca these
are reduced to two red-brown specks, in lancina they are com-
pleteiy absent.

Hab. Sikhim ; Bhutan. E.vp., s 36, $ 38 mUlim.

1506. Tyana falcata, Wlk. Cat. xxxv, p. 1772; Batl. III. Het. yi,

pi. lO.j, fig. 0 ; 6'. 6'. no. 506.

2 . Differs from cMoroleuca iu the head, collar, and tegulfebeine
green. lore wing uniform green, with two red-brown specks at
angles of cell ; costa darker ; cilia slightly yellowish ^

Mab. Sikhim. Exp. 34 millim. ° ' ^

k2

132

AECTIIDvE.

Genus HALIAS.

Halias, Treitschke, Schmett. Eur. vii,p. 227 (1829).
Hylopbila, Hiihn. Verz. p. 396 (1818), non descr.
Oioepliora, Steph. Si/st. Cat. Brit. Ins. pt. 2, p. 168 (1829).

Type, H. prasinana., Linn., from Europe.
Bange. Europe ; Japan ; Naga Hills.

Palpi upturned, slender, and reaching above vertex of head.
AntennfB minutely ciliated. TibiiB with the spurs long. Eore
wing with the apex acute ; veins 3, 4, 5 from close to angle of
ceU ; 6 from upper angle ; 7, 8, 9, 10 stalked. Hind wing mth
veins 3 and 4 on a short stall?, 5 from lower angle of cell, 6 and 7
from upper angle, 8 from before middle of cell.

1507. Halias orientalis, n. sp.

$ . Head, thorax, and fore wing very pale green, the last with

Fig. ST.— Halias orientalis, $ . \.

the costa yellowish ; ante- and postmedial oblique yellow hues ;
cilia yellow. Abdomen and hind wing white.

ffab. Naga Hills, 6000 feet (DoJierty). Exp. 36 milkm. Type
in coll. Elwes.

Genus EARIAS.

Earias, Siibn. Verz.ip. 395 (1818).

Aphusia, Wlk. Cat. xii,p. 769 (1857).

Digba, Wlk. Journ. Lain. Soc. vi, p. 198 (18b2).

Type, K dorana, Linn., from Europe.

Bange. Eiu-ope ; Africa; Mauritius ; Japan ; Chma ; throughout
India, Burma,, aud Ceylon ; Siam; Java; Australia.

Palpi upturned, the 2nd joint reaching vertex of head the
3rd porrect and varying in length. Antennae mmutely ciliated
•in male. Fore wing with veins 3, 4, 5 from near angle of cell
6 from upper angle, 7. 8, 9 stalked. Hind ^^■lng with veins 3 and
4 stalked, 5 absent, 6 and 7 from upper angle, 8 from centre of
cell.

BAEIAS.

133

1508. Earias insulana, Boisd. Faun. Madag. p. 121, pi. IG, fi^. 9

c. Sf s. im. mo.

Earias tristrigosa, Butl. P. Z. 8. 1881, p. 614 ; C. S. no. 503.
Earias smaragdinana, Zs/^. Xep. Caffr.,K. Vet- A/cad. Randl. 1852,
p. 79.

Earias frondosana, Wlk. Cat xxvii, p. 204.
Earias simillima, Wlk. Cat. xxxv, p. 1775.
Earias siliquana, Staint. Trans. ISnt. Soc. (3) v, 1867, p. kxxix.
Earias gosaypii, Frauenfeld, Verh. zool.-bot. Ges. Wien, 1867,
p. 791.

Earias biplaga, Wlk. Cat. xxxv, p. 1773.

Head, thorax, and fore wing pea-
green, the last with three angled
indistinct lines — medial, postmedial,
and submarginal. Hind wing semi-
diaphanous white ; the outer margin
slightly fuscous below the apex.

Some African specimens have the
Fig. 88. area between the first two lines of

Earias insulana, d. f. the fore wing filled in with fuscous

brown towards inner margin.
Hal). Throughout Africa ; Mauritius ; Baluchistan ; N. and S.
India: Burma; Siam. Kvp. 22 milUm.

1509. Earias fahia, Stoll, Cram. Pap. JExot. iv, pi. 365, fig. II.
Aphusia speiplena, Wlk. Cat. xii, p. 770; C. ^ S. no. 602.
Earias hilgeli, Rogenh. Verh. zool.-bot. Ges. Wien, 1870, p. 872:

C. Sf 8. no. 601.
Micra partita, Wlk. Cat. xxxiii, p. 799.

Differs from insulana in the head and thorax being ochreous
white ; fore wing without lines, but with broad white bands along
costa and inner margin, lea^ang only the middle third green.

Hah. Punjab ; Calcutta ; Ganjam ; S. India ; Ceylon ; Java
Ex^?. 32 millim.

1510. Earias chromatana, Wlk. Cat. xxvu, p. 204 ; C. ^ S. no. 49a
Earias lirabana, SneU. Tijds. Ent. xxii, 1879, p. 97, pi. 8, fig. 2.
Earias fervida, Wlk. Cat. xxxv, p. 1774.
Earias fulvidana, Wallengr. Wien. ent. Man. 1863, p. 148.

Head and thorax pale green ; palpi pinkish. Fore wing pale
green ; the basal part of the costa suffused with pinkish yellow ;
two red-brown specks towards end of cell ; an irregular" brown
marginal baud with yellow on its inner edge. Abdomen and hind
wing white.

Hah. Throughout Africa, India, and Ceylon ; Japan ; Java
Ex^. 20 millim. J ' ,

134

ABCTIIDiE.

1511. Earias uninotata, Wlk.Joum. Linn. Soc. \i, p. 108.

Earias annulifera, Wlk. Cat. xxx\, p. 1774 ; Hmpsn. III. Hei. ix,
pi. 167, fig. 18.

Earias sulphuiaria, Moore, Lep. Ceyl. iii, p. 490, pi. 208, fig. 10.

Head, thorax, and tore wing bright canary-yellow ; very indis-
tinct ante- and postmedial greenish lines ; the outer margin tinged
with green ; a brown annulus on the discocellulars. Hind wing
semidiaphanous white : the apex suffused with yellow.

In the variety sulplmraria the markings of the fore wing are
almost entirely obsolete.

Hah. Nilgii-is ; Ceylon ; Sumatra ; Java. Exp. 20-24 millim.

1512. Earias luteolaria, Ilmiysn. III. Het. viii, p. 46, pi. 139, fig. 16.

5 . Differs from uninotata, var. sulphuraria, in the outer
margin of the fore wing being narrowly red-brown ; the cilia
purplish.

Hah. Nagas ; Nilgiris ; Ceylon, Ex}}. 26 millim.

Genus PARACEAMA.
Paracrama, Moore, Lep. Ceyl. iii, p. 64 (1884).
Type, P. dulcissima, Wlk.

Banc/e. Nilgiris ; Cevlon ; Naga HiUs ; Andamans ; Borneo.

Palpi upturned, the 2nd and 3rd joints very long. Antennae
minutely cihated. Fore wing with veins 3, 4, 5 from near angle
of cell ; 6 from upper angle ; 9 rising from 10 and anastomosing
with S'to form the areole. Hind wing with veins 3 and 4 from
angle of cell ; 5 from above the angle ; 6 and 7 from upper angle ;
8 from before centre of cell.

1513 Paracrama dulcissima, Wlk. Joum. Linn. 'S'oc. vii, p- 76;
Moore, Lep. Ceyl. iii, pi. 150, fig. 11 ; C Sr S. no. 1912. ^
Paracrama rectomarginata, Hmpsn. 111. Het. vm, p. 4fa, pi. i^J,
fig. 7.

Fig. 89. — Paracrama dukissima, . \.

Palpi and legs pink and brown, their inner surfaces white.
Antenna brown; head and thorax pea-green ; abdomen white,
suffused vvdth pink. Pore wing pea-green ; pale oblique ante- and
postmedial hues, the latter angled below the costa; a pink patch

PABACBAMA. — SIGLOPHOBA.

135

on inner margin near the base ; costa pinkish purple ; a marginal
pinkish-purple baud, narrowest at middle. Hind wing whitish,
suffused with pink towards outer margin.

The form rectomarginata has the marginal purplish border of
tbe fore wing narrow, expandiug into a patch at the apex.

Eab. Nagas ; Nilgiris ; Ceylon ; Audamans ; Borneo. Exjp.,
cJ 25, $ 28-34 millim.

1514. Paracrama saturata, Wlk. Cat. xxxiii, p. 774; C. ^ S.

no. 1790.

Pai-acrama olivacea, Hmpsn. III. Het. ix, p. 87, pi. 167, fig. 17.

Head pale red ; thorax olive or bright glaucous green ; abdomen
fuscous, suffused with red towards extremity. I'ore wing olive
or bright glaucous green, the costa pale red ; subbasal and post-
medial pale waved hues, with darker green beyond the former and
before the latter ; a series of marginal black specks ; cilia tipped
with red. Hind wing smoky black ; a dark red patch on middle
of outer margin ; ciha of apical half of wing red.

Hah. Ceylon. Exp. 24 millim.

Genus SIGLOPHOEA.

Siglophora, Butl. P. Z. S. 1892, p. 123.

Type, S. hella, Butl.
Range. Sikhim ; Borneo.

Palpi upturned, the 2nd joint reaching vertex of head, the
3rd short and porrect. Antennte minutely cihated in male.
Pore wing with veins 3, 4, 5 from near angle of cell, 6 and 7 from
upper angle, 8, 9, 10 stalked. Hind wing with the outer margin
angled at vein 3 ; veins 3 and 4 stalked, 5 from angle of cell,
6 and 7 from upper angle, 8 from centre of cell.

1515. Siglophora sanguinolenta, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 285.

cJ . Head and thorax canary-yellow, spotted with red ; abdomen
ochreous, with reddish bands. Fore wing canary-yellow, spotted

Fig. 90. — Siglophora sanguimlenta, J. \.

with red ; a purplish -brown subbasal band with waved red edges ;
a large purplish red-brown blotch occupying the whole outer half

136

oE the wing except the costa. Hind wing with the basal halE
white ; the outer iuscous ; cilia pinkish. UBderside white, with
a fuscous blotch on outer area of fore wing.
Hah. Sikhim. Exp. 26 millim.

Genus GABALA.
Gabak, Wlk. Cat. xxxiv, p. 1220 (1865).
Type, G. polyspilalis, Wlk.

Banrje. Japan, Sikhim, and throughout the "Western Ghats and
Malabar coast.

Palpi upturned, the 1st joint very long and fringed with scales
on its inner side, the 3rd sliort and fringed on both sides.
Antenna minutely ciliated. The first segment of abdomen with
paired corneous bolt-like processes on the underside, each with a
tuft of scales. Tore wing with the apex acute ; outer margin
angled at vein 5 ; vein 6 from below angle of cell ; 7 from the
angle ; 8, 9, 10 stalked. Hind wing with the outer margin angled
at vein 2 ; anal angle truncate ; a large tuft of hair on inner
margin ; median nervure and vein 2 fringed with long hair ; veins
3 and 4 stalked ; 5 from above angle ; 6 and 7 from upper angle oi
cell ; 8 from centre of cell.

1516. Gabala polyspilalis, Wlk. Cat. xxxiv, p. 1221; C. ^- S.
no. 2948.

Head and thorax ochreous, tesselated with silvery-white spots,
outlined in red-brown ; abdomen ochreous, with a shght dorsal
red-brown streak on first two segments. Tore wing red-brown ;

Yig. Q'i.—Gabcda poli/spilalis, cj. \.

some tesselated ochreous and white spots on basal area and at
apex and outer margin ; the veins at end of cell pale ; a black
Sstmedial streak above inner margin; some pale postmedml
funules centred with black on the disk; costa towards apex and
ciUa bright yellow. Hind wing ochreous, sometinies suftused with
fuscous! a marginal red line and the cilia red from apex to

"^'iTab. Sikhim and throughout the Western Ghats and Malabar
coast. Kzp. 24 millim.

TOPADESA.

137

Genus TOPADESA.

Topadesa, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 280 (1882).

Type, T. sanguinea, Moore,
Range. Sikhim.

Palpi porreet, the 2ncl joint angled, the 2nd and 3rd joints
very long. Antennae minutely ciliated, first segment of abdo-
men with very large paired corneous belt-Hke processes on the
underside without tufts of scales. Pore wing with the costa
arched near the base ; the apex acute, the outer margin excurved
at veins 2, 3, 4 ; veins 3, 4, 5 from near angle of cell ; 6 from
upper angle ; 7, 8, 9 stalked. Hind wing with the apex acute,
outer margin excurved at centre ; veins 3 and 4 stalked ; 5 from
above angle of cell ; 6 and 7 on a short stalk ; 8 from centre of
cell.

1517. Topadesa sang:uinea, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 280; C. ^ S.
no. 4765.

d . Palpi red and yellow below, purplish brown above ; abdo-
men fuscous. Pore wing fiery red, suffused with brown, especially

Fig. 92. — Topadesa sanguinea, cf. t-

on costal area ; a yellow basnl streak on the costa ; a white spot
at end of cell on a vermilion patch ; costa at apex, outer margin,
and cilia bright canary-yellow. Hind wing ochreous.
Bab. Sikhim. E.v;p. 28 millim.

Subfamily NOLINiE.

The species of this group of ArcUidm are of small or moderate
size, with buttons or ridges of raised scales on the fore wing ; they
live chiefly on the trunks of trees, and on the lichens growing
there the larviB feed *.

Larvce with eight pairs of legs and sparsely covered with hair.

* The Nnlinm approach closely the Noctuid subfannly Sarroihriviius,
from some of the foriiis of which they are hardly structurally separable.

138

AUCTIIDiE.

Key to the Genera.

a. Palpi poiTect.

«'. Fore wing with veins 9 and 10
absent.

a'. Hind wing triangular, the outer

margin straight 1. Deltaptebum, p. 138.

6^. Hind wing rounded.

a\ Palpi of moderate length 2. Nola, p. 138.

6^ Palpi very long 3. Rhynchoi-alpus, p. 142.

6'. Fore wing with veins 9 and 10

present 4. Pisaha, p. 144.

b. Palpi upturned 6. Selca, p. 146.

Genus DELTAPTEEUM, nov.

Type, B. peguense, Hinpsn.
Range. Burma.

Palpi of moderate length, porrect, and thicHy scaled. Antennae
of male fasciculate. Mid tibiiE with one pair of spurs, hmd tibise
with two pairs. Fore wing with veins 3, 4, 5 from lower angle
of cell ; 6 from upper angle ; 7 and 8 stalked; 9 and 10 absent.
Hind wing triangular; the outer margin straight; anal angle
slightly lobed ; veins 3 and 4 from angle of cell, 5 absent, 6 and 7
fi-om upper angle. A longitudinal fold in cell of fore wmg on
underside.

1518. Deltapterum peguense, n. sp.

rT Grey Pore wing with some black strise on the costa ; very
indistinct ante- and postmedial curved lines ; two waved submar-

Yig. 93.— Deltapterum peffuense, . \.

ginal lines. Hind wing white. Underside of fore wing with
black scales in the longitudinal fold.

Bab. E. Pegu, 4000 feet {Doherty). Exp. 19 milhm. Type n)

coll. Elwes.

Genus NOLA.

Nola, Leach, Edinb. Encyl. ix, p. 135 (1816).

Roeselia, Rithn. Vers. p. 397 (1818).

Uralm, Wlk. Git. xxviii, p. 448 (1803)

Toxoloma, Feld. Reis. Nov. p. 9, pi. 100, fig. 16 (187o).

NOLA.

139

Tribunta, TFlk. Cat, xxxiv, p. 1506 (1865).

Lebena, fFik. Cat. xxxv, p. 1901 (18G6).

Minnagora, Wlk. Cat. xxxv, p. 1902.

Argyrophyes, Grote, Bull. Buffalo Soc. i, 1874, p. 175.

Sorocostia, Rosenst. A. M. N. H. (5) xvi, 1885, p. 435,

Type, N. cucidlatella, Linn., from Europe.
Range. Universally distributed.

Palpi porrect, of moderate length, and thickly scaled. Antennae
fascicaliited in male. Mid tibias with one pair of spurs, hind
tibife with two pairs. Fore wing with vein 5 from angle of cell ;
6 from upper angle ; 7 and 8 stalked ; 9 and 10 absent. Hind
wing with vein 3 from before angle of cell ; 5 absent ; 6 and 7
stalked ; 8 from middle of ceU.

Sect. I. Fore wing with veins 3 and 4 stalked ; palpi
with the 3rd joint nearly naked.

1519. Nola basimicans, n. sp.

cJ . Fore wing with the basal half bright golden brown, the
outer half grey ; slightly recurved and irregular subbasal, medial,
postmedial, and submarginal lines ; a marginal line ; two raised
tufts of scales in the cell. Hind wing white, with a fuscous tinge
towards outer margin. Underside of fore wing suffused with
fuscous.

Bab. E. Pegu, 4000 feet {Doherty). Exp. 13 millim. Type in
coll. Elwes.

Sect. II. Fore wing with veins 3 and 4 from cell ; palpi
with the 3rd joint heavily scaled.

1520. Nola fragilis, Sioinh. Trans. Ent. Soc. 1890, p. 184.

c? . Head, thorax, and abdomen white. Fore wing white ; an
autemedial red and dark brown band from the costa ending in a
point on vein 1 ; a broad medial red-brown band with irregularly
placed patches of silver scales on it ; an indistinct submarginal
fuscous waved luie ; some fuscous suffusion on the margin. Hind
wing white.

Mab. Eangoon. Exj}. 14 mUlim.

1521. Nola erythrostigmata, n. sp.

d . White. Fore wing with a basal dark patch ; two red-brown
spots on the costa, with a diffused fuscous band outwardly edged
by a double waved line from below them to inner margin ; a
submarginal waved line. Hind wing white, with a slight fuscous
suffusion and indistinct spot at end of cell. Underside of fore
wing suffused with fuscous ; hind wing with dark specks on the
costa and distinct spot at end of cell.

JIab. Naga Hills {Doherty). Exp. 13 milhm. Type in coll
Elwes.

140

AECTIID^.

1522. Nola denticulata, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 287.

c? . Head, thorax, and abdomen white ; vertex of thorax and
basal segment of abdomen black above. Fore wing white, slightly
suffused with brown; indistinct antemedial, medial, postmedial,
and submarginal lines, the postmedial line denticulate, the others
waved ; the area between the subbasal and medial lines suffused
with black ; the basal two-thirds of wing irrorated with a few
silvery-white scales. Hind wing white, with a shght fuscous
tinge.

Hah. Sikhim ; Nagas. Exp. 32 miUim.

1523. Nola confusalis, Hm-.-Schiiffer, Eur. Schmett. ii, p. 164.
Roeselia sikkima, Moore, Lep'. Atk. p. 287.

Head and thorax grey, irrorated
with brown; abdomen pale fuscous.
Pore wing white, suffused and irro-
rated wii h brown ; some dark striae
on the costa ; an indistinct angled
antemedial hne ; a dark patch at
middle of costa ; an indistinct ex-
curved double postmedial line ; a
waved submarginal line. Hind
wing fuscous.
10,000 feet. Exp. 22 millim.

Fig. 94.
Kola confusalis, J . \.

Hab. Europe ; Sikhim, 7-

1524. Nola grisalis, Empsn. III. Bet. ix, p. 88, pi. 158, fig. 9.
Differs from confusalis in having the palpi black at sides ; a

dark speck on the costa of fore wing near base ; the medial patch
reduced to a speck, the postmedial and submarginal lines to series
of specks.

Uab. Ceylon. Exjx 22 millim.

1525. Nola angulata, Moore, P. Z. S. 1888, p. 393 ; Sutl. III. Set. vii,

pi. 122, tig. 14.
Eoeselia fraterna, Moore, P. Z. S. 1888, p. 393.

Differs from confusalis in having a dark basal patch on costa of
fore wing; the antemedial line broad and eveuly curved.

Hab. Dharmsdla; Sikhim; Nilgiris ; Ceylon. Exp., 6 16,
5 20 millim.

1526. Nola astigma, n. sp.

Differs from anqulata in the fore wing being suffused with
brown; the antemedial curved band more prominent, and with
a diffused brown band inside it; the double postmedial waved hne
more prominent; the irregular submarginal hue also more
prominent; no dark mecUal patch on costa; the area between the

NOLA.

raised tufts in the cell depressed. Underside of hind wing with a
dark spot at end of cell.

Hah. Sikhim {Elwes) ; Naq;a Hills, 3000 feet ; Manipur, 6000
feet {Doherty). E.vp. 21 millim. Type in coll. Elwes.

1527. Nola ceylonica, mnpsn. III. Set. ix, p. 88, pi. 158, fig. 13.

cJ . Head, thorax, and abdomen brownish white. Tore wino-
white, suffused with brown and irrorated with a few black scales''-
two medial black patches on the costa, the first with a waved Hne
from It to inner margin ; postmedial and submarginal nearly
straight series of black specks. Hind wing pale fuscous.
Bab. Ceylon. E.vp. 12 millim.

1528. Nola pascua, P. ZJ. 1885, p. 293, pi. 20, fig. 6; Smpsu.

III. Het. IX, pi. 17o, fag. 9 (larva) ; C. ^ S. no. 640?

DifPers from confusalis in h&yixig the ground-colour of body and
wings pure white ; a pale brown subbasal costal patch ; large pro-
mment medial and postmedial costal patches; the double curved
postmedial and waved submarginal lines edged with dark scales

Larva. Head brown ; the first two somites reddish, third to ninth
yellow; broad black sublateral stripes on fourth to sixth somites
continued as narrow lines to the ninth; the last two somites
reddish; dorsal area darker, a purple lateral stripe; each somite
with four to SIX fasciculi of short pale hairs, l^eeds in fleshy
shoots of liubus, but spins in the open.

mimm' Mgiris; Ceylon. Exjj., ^ 14, 5 19

1529. Nola tumulifera, mnpm. III. Het. ix, p. 88, pi. 158, fig. 19.

Differs from ^asci,a in having the palpi blackish at sides; the
basa half of costa of fore wing suffused mth red-bro\vn; the sub-
basal and medial patches absent ; the postmedial line single and
consistmg of a series of almost conjoined black specks ; the sub-
marginal waved hne not edged with black scales. Hind win- verv
pale fuscous. °

Hub. Ceylon. Exp. 17 millim.

1530. Nola nigrifascia, Hmpsn. III. Het. viii, p. 48, pi. 139, fig. 15.

$ . Differs from ^wmtZt/cm in having the palpi white at" sides ;
ttie brown suffusion on the costa of fore whig absent; the post-
medial hne of black specks more curved and with some fuscous
suffusion before it.

Hab. Nilgirig . Ceylon. Exp. 26 millim.

1531. Nola hampsoni, Eirhy, Cm. Het. p. 376.

Nola miiuita, Hmpm. ill. Het. viii, p. 48, pL 139, fig. 14 (prajocc).
6 . Head, thorax, and abdomen pale brown. Fore whig pale

142 ARCXIIDJE,

brown irrorated with black scales ; traces of subbasal, antemedial
and medial dark costal patches, of an antemedial waved line, and
postmedial and submarginal series of specks. Hind wing pale

^"//T'Nagas; Margharita, Assam; Nilgiri plateau. Exp. 14
millim.

1532. Nola lativittata, Moore, Zej}. Atk. p. 286.

Head thorax, and abdomen white. Pore wing white, with a
broad oblique brown band from the basal half of costa to inner
margin beyond middle ; two dark specks on it in the cell ; a post-
mecUal line joinir.g the oblique band at inner margm; a short
striga from costa before apex ; a marginal baud widest at middle.
Hind wing white ; tbe apical area suffused with pale brown.

Hah. Sikhim. Exp. 20 millim.

1533. Nola major, Hmpm. Ill Het. Vm, p. 48, pi. 139, fig. 13.

9 Palpi black at sides ; head and thorax greyish white ; abdo-
me? brownish fuscous, with pale segmental bands. Pore ^vlng
wHte or grey : a blackish basal patch on the costa ; another at
middle tSs of antemedial and medial lines ; a dentate pos^
mecbal line sometimes reduced to specks on the neryules ; a.n
^di t net diffused waved submarginal band ; some marginal suffu-
sion and a series of black specks ; cilia chequered pale and dark

1534. Nola negrita, n. sp.

^ Uniform fuscous; fore wing with a doubly angled ante-
xnedid bkSe ; a cur;ed medial line ;. a deep black mark on the
discocellulars ; a doubly curved l^^^mejial hue.

Hab. Bangalore {Mvnchin). Ea.p. i^t miuim. j-jp
Druce.

aenus RHYNCHOPALPUS.

EhyBchopalpus, Umpsn. Ill Bet. ix, p. 89 (1893).

''Zlj^^'T^S:^^^^ NagaHiUs; Burma ; Nil gi.-is ;

'-tS^ long ^VO^^J^^l^tJ^:^
Antenn. j;--^,^-^^^^^ ^airf Pore iing with vein 3 from
S l^nd 5 f^m tl. ang^^O ^om u^jpe^an^e;

Sr^^f4nr^J^eSTean?nSa;Sfrom middle
of cell.

HnYWCHOPALPUS.

143

Sect. I. Palpi very long.

1535. Ehynchopalpus argentalis, Moore, P. Z. S. 1807, p. 89 :

C. S. no. 4500.

Palpi black, the end of 2nd joint and 3rd white. Head
and thorax white, the latter spotted with black ; abdomen pale
fuscous. Pore wing white, suffused with fuscous and irrorated
with silvery scales ; a large basal blackish patch ; another on the
central costal area ; soroe marginal blackish suffusion ; traces of

antemedial, medial, posLmedial,
and submarginal waved lines.
Hind wing pale fuscous ; a dark
line on discocellulars ; cilia of
both wings chequered pale and
dark fuscous, the tips dark.
Larva pale yellow, the 1st and
Fig. 95. terminal somite orange ; paired

Hhynchopalpus argentalis, J. \. black dorsal spots on 3rd somite

and single spots on 6th, 10th,
and 11th somites ; a tuft of reddish hair from behind the head, to
which are attached the various cast skins of the head, the first
moult at the apex and the others at intervals ; thus mimicking
a Coccid which lives on the same leaves and carries its exuviaB on
the anal segments. The tuft of hair with the exuvite of head is
attached to the cocoon, which is spun on a twig and covered with
scales of bark {Harford, Dudgeon).

Hah. N.W. Himalayas; Sikhim. 34 millim.

1536. Ehynchopalpus dentatus, n. sp.

2 . Head, thorax, and abdomen whitish ; thorax with the vertex
more or less suffused with fuscous ; abdomen with fuscous dorsal
tufts. Fore wing pale brown ; a broad fuscous medial band edged
with black, the orbicular and reniform spots formed by tufts of
raised white scales, the band sends a long tooth outwards beyond
the lower angle of cell and has a diffused white band beyond it,
then a blackish band with a lunulate white line on its outer edge ;
a lunulate black marginal line ; cilia fuscous, with pale streaks at
the veins. Hmd wing pale fuscous ; a curved medial black Hue
bent inwards below the cell.

Hah. Dalhousie {Harford). Exp. 34 millim.

1537. Rhynchopalpus brunellus, Hmpsn. III. Eet. ix, p. 89. pi 158

ng. 31. ' i ' r >

Head and thorax white, slightlv irrorated with black, the coUar
sometimes banded with black; abdomen brownish white. Pore
wing white, suffused with pale brown and irrorated with black •
oblique ante- and postmedial series of black specks ; a marmnal
series of specks; traces of a pale submarginal line; the brown
suffusion deepest on costa before the postmedial specks and on the

144

AECTIIUjE.

margin, more prominent in some specimens than others. Hind
wing white or fuscous.

Hal. Nagas ; Ceylon. Exp. 21 millim.

1538. Ehynchopalpus fasciatus, n. sp.

cj . Brownish grey. Pore wing with an erect black somewhat
irreo-ular medial band ; an inwardly oblique series of postmedial
black specks on the nervules from the costa to vein 2 ; traces of a
submarginal waved line ; the nervules of the outer area fuscous.
Hind wing pale fuscous.

Eah. Naga Hills, 6000 feet (Dolierty). Exp. 13 mLHim. Type
in coll. Elwes.

Sect. II. Palpi somewhat shorter.

1539. Ehynchopalpus cingalesa, Moon, Lep. Ceyl. ii, p. 66, pi. 104,

fig. 1 ; C. Sf S. no. 728.
Kceselia culaca, Swi?ih. Trans. Ent. Soc. 1891, p. 13/, pi. 8,

fig. 9.

S Head, thorax, and abdomen white ; palpi blackish at sides.
Eore wing white ; a black spot on the costa at base ; a curved
antemedial Ime with dark spots on it at costa and middle of cell ;
a hio-hly curved medial line joined at lower angle of ceU by an erect
Hneltrom the costa ; traces of postmedial and subraargmal waved
lines. Hind wing white, with a slight fuscous tinge.

Hah. Nilgiris ; Ceylon. Exp. 20 millim.

Genus PISAEA.

Pisara, Wlk. Journ. Linn. Soc. 1862, p. 117.

Type, P. opalina, Wlk., from Borneo.
jianqe. Ceylon; Burma; Borneo.

Palpi porrect, thickly scaled, and of moderate length. Antenna
fasciculated in male. Mid tibise with one pair of spurs, hind tabiSB
with two pairs. Tore wing with ^'eiu 3 from before end of cell ;
4 and 5 horn the end ; 7, 8, 9 stalked. Hind wmg with veins 3
and 4 stalked; 5 from angle of cell ; 6 and 7 from upper angle ;
8 from middle of cell.

Sect. I. Pore wing with vein 6 present.
1540. Pisara acontioides, Wlk. Journ. Linn. Soc 1862, p. 118.

$ . Head and thorax pure white ; abdomen pale fuscous. Fore

PlSiEA.

145

wing pure white ; a large fuscous patch on the basal half of the

costa; a dai'k postmedial curved
line, the area beyond it fuscous
except at apex ; tufts of opales-
cent scales on the basal patch, at
and beyond the end of cell, on
the postmedial line and marginal
fuscous area. Hind wing white ;
the outer area suffused with
fuscous.
Exp. 18 millim.

Pig. 96. — Pisara aeontioides, (J. \.

Hah. Ceylon ; Borneo.

Sect. 11. Tore wing with vein 6 absent.

1541. Pisara lucidalis, Wlk. Cat. xxxi, p. 245.

5- Head and thorax pure white; abdomen whitish fuscous.
Tore wing white ; a triangular subbasal brown patch on the costa ;
a medial band from the costa to vein 1 ; a postmedial baud with
waved outer edge ; some reddish-brown suffusion on outer area ;
a fan-shaped tuft of long scales at end of cell. Hind wino- white ;
a dark line on the discocellulars ; the outer area suffused with
fuscous.

Hah. Ceylon ; Borneo. Exp. 16 millim.

1542. Pisara rufescens, n. sp.

S . Head, thorax, and abdomen white, the last with a fuscous
tinge. Pore wing with the basal ai-ea white ; the outer half from
a point on the costa before the middle and on inner margin at the
postmedial hne suffused with rufous, the apex being pale ; patches
of purplish-grey scales at centre of costa and outer angle ; a post-
medial line excurved round end of cell. Hind wing pale reddish
brown.

Hah. Eangoon {Scott), Eccp. 18 millim. Type in B. M.

1543. Pisara laminata, Hmpsn. III. mt. viii, p. 75, pi. 145, fiff. 5.

2 . Head and thorax white ; abdomen fuscous, ringed with
white. Fore wing white ; a brown and black basal patch on the
costa ; traces of an antemedial curved black line ; a large black
and brown triangular medial patch on the costa, suffused with
raised metallic scales ; a postmedial line highly excurved beyond
the cell, the whole area beyond it— except the costal area, which has
some pale brown marks on it— black, suffused with raised metallic
scales. Hind wing and underside fuscous.

Hah. Nilgiris. Exp. 24 milhm.

1544. Pisara argyria, n. sp.

6 . Silvery white. Fore wing with a black spot on base of

VOX/. II. T

146

ABCTIID^.

costa- a laree black-brown medial subtriangular costal patcb, and
bkct'spot b'elow end of cell ; indistinct ^-^-^SZ tCs
submarginal lines; the area beyond the P0^™«^ "^""^^^^^^^^^
except the costal portion. Hind wing whitish, slightly sufEused
with fuscous towards apex. . xr„TrvM

Hah. Sikhim {Knyvett). Exp. 26 mill.m. Type m coll. Kny vett.

1545. Pisara semirufa, n. sp.

Head and collar white; thorax and abdomen rufous^^^^^^^^^
with white. Fore wing with the base and outer half ruious the
TediaT a a white; sinuous antemedial, postmedial, and submar-
ginal dark lines, the two latter highly excurved l^^y.^f «^ 1'
postmedial line with blackish suffusion mside it. Hind wmg pale

"'Sl'sikhimCZni/^eiO. 22 miUim. Type in coU. Kny vett.

Genus SELCA.

Selca, Wlh. Cat. P- .1218 (1865).

Callinola,, Butl. III. Set. vii, p. 33 (1889).

Type, S. latifascialis, Wlk., from Borneo.

Sance S.America; Himalayas; Naga Hills; Borneo.

pS upturned, not reaching vertex of bead. Antennee bipecti-

of cell. ■

Sect I Hind wing with veins 3 and 4 stalked, or 4 rarely
absent ; antenna of male with the branches long.

1546.

grey:

Kg-
Hal}

Selca scripta, Moore, P. Z. S. 1888, p. 393 ; Butl. III. Bet. vii,

Rffiselk'inscripta, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 287.

Head, thorax, and abdomen brownish grey. Pore wing

the nervules bevoud the cell and a
waved Hue below it; a double
postmedial black and brown line ;
a series of submarginal specks on
the veins, those nearest the apex
and outer angle large. Hind wing
pale fuscous.
Kdngra; Sikhim. Erp. 20 millim.

97 _5cfca scripta

SELOA.

147

1547. Selca strigivena, n. sp.

c? . Differs from scripta in the head, thorax, and abdomen being
pale browu. Fore wing with the curved ante- and postmedial
lines single and without the brown lines parallel to them ; the
medial line less irregular; the submarginalline very indistinct and
without the dark patches near apex and outer angle ; the nervui-es
of the outer area streaked with black.

Hah. Sikhim interior (Mdller). Exp. 31 millim. Type in coll.
Ehves.

1548. Selca ascripta, n. sp.

d" . Tore -ndng grey, with a broad fuscous band along the costa
from the base to near apex, where it expands into a large patch,
sending a spur to outer margin above the centre and leaving the
apex grey ; traces of a waved postmedial line ; a inore distinct
submarginal waved line. Hind wing pale fuscous.

Hah. Naga Hills, 3000 feet {Doherty). Exp. 28 millim. Type
in coll. Elwes.

1549. Selca nitida, n. sp.

2 . Head and thorax white, irrorated with brown ; palpi and
antennas black. Fore wing silvery white ; a black basal patch on
the costa ; an antemedial angled line with a blackish patch beyond
it on the costa and a black spot in the cell ; a postmedial" line
angled beyond the lower angle of cell ; a submarginal dentate line
startmg from a black patch on the costa ; the area between the
ante- and postmedial lines slightly suffused with brown ; a marginal
black hne ; cilia pale, streaked with black at the veins. Abdomen
and hind wing fuscous.

^ciS. Manipur; E.Pegu (i)o^«r<2/). 22-29 millim. Type

in coll. Elwes. "

Sect. II. Hind wing with vein 4 absent ; antennae of male with
the branches short.

1550. Selca indistincta, n. sp.

cJ. Fore wing grey, suffused with fuscous; traces of numerous
waved dark Imes. Hind wing pale fuscous. Underside fuscous
with a dark spot at end of cell of hind wing. '

Hah. Ni'iga Hills, 3000 feet {Doherty). Exp. 17 millim Tyne
in coll. Elwes. "^^

Species formerly recorded as Indian ivMch are omitted.

Cycnia sparsicjutta, Wlk., C. & S. no. 852. Type lost ; description
unrecognizable.

L 2

148

AGHiJaieTIBjB.

mmoprepia'! hcemaiopvs, Feld., C. & S. no. 630, is a Tinea.

CalliLrpha venus, Pribtwitz, C. & S. no. 730, probably =
Eucvane arnica, Cram., from Surinam.

Pentacitrotus vulnemtus, But!., C. & S. no. 733, is a Tinea.

Cydosia punctella, Cram., C. & S. no. 634, is a Tinea. _

Barsine Lpartita, Wlk., C. & S. no. 708. Type lost ; description
not recognizable. ^ , , j

Spilosoma fusifrons, Wlk., C. & S. no. 756. Type lost; de-
scription not recognizable.

Family AGARISTIDiE.

A Fimilv of day-flying or crepuscular moths of bright colours,
with stoutbodies, simple antennae dilated distally, and the terminal
rint of the palpi naked. Proboscis present. Legs with tv^o
pairs of spui-s. frenulum present. Pore wing with vein la

Fie f'8 —Larva of Zalissa tratisicns. \.
(From Moore, Lep. E. I. Co. pi. 13, fig. 5.)

separate from 1 h, Ic absent ; 5 from close t° J^^/^Xfof" discol
H nd wing with two internal veins ; 5 from the ''entre ot disco
ceUulars or absent ; 8 bent down and touching 7 near the base.

Z™ with latei'al tufts of hair and long scattered hairs.

Pupa naked.

Key to the Genera.

a. Hind wing with vein 5 from the centre

of the discocellulars. Ftisfmia v. 149.

a'. Fore wing with no areole 1- ^-usemia, p.

v' Fore wing with an areole. _ Tn 154

'a^ForewlngfthveinlO anastomosing ^.^^^^^^.^^^ J^^, "
with 8 to form the areole ........ ^- <^Hi-j.uiNu ,

Fore wine with vein 9 nsmg irom
10 and anastomoiing with 8 to form

the areole. . » j. „„j

a\ Fore wing with vem 7 from end

rvf oTfiolp • hind wino" With vein w ._ ,

ot sreoie , mnu i o g Phaljenoides, p. 154.

from near end ol cell

DUSBMIA.

149

h^. Fore wing with vein 7 from after
the areole ; hind wing- with vein
2 from long before eud of cell . . 4. Zalissa, p. 155.
b. Ilind wing with vein 5 absent.

«'. Fore wing with vein 9 rising from 10
and anastomosing with 8 to form the

areole 5. ^goceha, p. 157.

//. Fore wing with vein 10 anastomosing

with 8 and 9 to form the areole 6. Mimeusemia, p. 159.

Genus EUSEMIA.

Eusemia, Balm. Prodr. Monog. Castn. p. 26 (1825).
Episteme, Biibn. Verz. p. 179 (1818), gen. non descr.

Type, E. lectrix, Linn., from China.

liange. Chinese, Indian, Ceylonese, and Malayan subregions.

Palpi upturned, the terminal joint long and naked. Antennas
simple and dilated. Fore wing with vein 5 from near angle of cell ^
6 from upper angle ; 7, 8, 9, 10 stalked. Hind wing with vein 5
from the centre of discocellulars.

Sect. I. Fore wing with vein 3 from before end of cell.
Hind wing with veins 6 and 7 from end of cell.

A. Fore wing with yelloiv, hind wing with orange marJcings.

1551. Eusemia proxima, mk. Cat. i. p. 50; [C. ^- S. no. 329.

Head, thorax, and abdomen black, the last with the medial
segment orange. Fore wing black, with an irregular oblique
yellow medial band from veins 9 to 1 ; a postmedial narrow band
from veins 9 to 5 ; two indistinct metallic-blue lines at middle and
end of cell ; male with an orange streak on the basal half of the
costa. Hind wing black, with a broad orange medial band, widest
at the inner margin.

Hnb. Assam. Kiy. 62 millim.

1552. Eusemia amatrix, Weslw. Cab. Or. Ent. p. G8, pi. 33, fi"-. 4:

C. Si S. no. 311. f ' f > o .

Eusemia aruna, Moore, Lep. E. I. Co. p. 288 ; C. ^- S. no. 312.

DifEers from pro.xima in the abdomen being ringed with orange.
Fore wing shot with brilliant blue ; the medial yellow baud
broken up into three irregularly placed spots ; the postmedial
band into four spots ; cilia white at apex. Hind wing with a
black spot on the ornnge band below the costa; the marginal
area shot with blue ; cilia white at apex in male, all white in
female.

Uab. Sikhim. E.vp. 75 millim.

150 AGAHISTID^.

1553. Eusemia pulchra, Butl. A. M. N. H. (4) xv, 1875, p. 143, pi. 13,
fig. 4; C. ^ & no. 330.

Differs from amatrix in having no blue sheen on either wing.-
Tore wing with an outwardly oblique yellow band from the
centre of the costa to near outer angle. Hind wing with the
band orange-red, broader, and with no black spot on it ; the black
margin regular.

Hah. ? Meerut. Exp. 70 millim.

B. With no orange markings on the hind wing.

1554. Eusemia vulcania, Butl. Ent. Mo. Mag. xii, 1875, p. 123 ;

a ^ >S'. no. 337.

Pore wing as in amatrix, except that tbe four postmedial spots
are white. Hind wing black, shot with blue ; the costa of botli
wings reddish brown in the male ; cilia white at apex of fore
wing and centre of hind wing. Collar orange.

Hah. Burma. Exp. 60 millim.

0. With no yellow or orange marUngs.

1555. Eusemia albomarginata, Moore, P. Z. S. 1872, p. 569; C. S,- S.

Eu8°emia°opheltes, Bruce, P. Z. S. 1885, p. 518 ; Waterh. Aid, ii,
pi. 172, tig. 5.

Collar ringed with white ; pectus fulvous. Both wings entirely
shot with blue ; the outer margins and cilia white; male with an
orange streak on basal part of costa of fore wing.

Some specimens have white spots beyond the ce 1 of fore ^.ing ;
in the Burmese form opheltes the white margin is broader than m
the typical Andaman form.

Bab. Burma ; Andamans. Exp. 75 miUim.

Sbot II Pore ^ving with vein 3 from end of cell. Hind wiug
with veins 6 and 7 from end of cell.

A. With no orange on hind iving.

1556. Eusemia victrix, Westiv. Cab. Or. Ent. pi. 33, fig-. 3 ; C. S.

EuTemTa^silhetensis, Butl. A. M. N. S. (4) xv, 1875, p. 139;

Eu?emif ^-ianthina, Butl. Ent. Mo. Mag. xii, 1876, p. 116;
C. ^ S. no. 334.

Pectus orange ; end of abdomen ringed black and orange ; claspers
in malTblack.^ Fore wing black, with two blue patches at base ; a

EUSIMIA.

151

blue spot at end of cell and blue streaks along the marginal
nervules ; two confluent yellow spots forming a medial band from
below the costa to vein 1 ; a small postmedial white or yeUow
spot below the costa and two others on each side of vein 4.
Hind wing black shot with blue; a broad marginal brilliant
bue band.

In the variety" tyrianthina the two medial spots of the fore wing
are separated and placed obliquely : in siUieiensis the postmedial
spots are absent.

Hub. Throughout N.E. India from Nepal to Yunnan and Burma.
Exp. 77-83 millim.

1557. Eusemia orientalis, Butl A. M. N. H. (4) xv, 1875, p. 139 ;

id. III. Ret. V, pi. 82, fig. 2;C.8fS. no. 327.

Differs from victrix in there being four postmedial spots to the
fore wing conjoined into a maculate band. Hind wing with the
blue marginal band narrow ; abdomen with the extremity orange,
without a black ring.

Hob. Mussooree. Exp. 66 millim.

B. Hind iving with the basal two-thirds orange, broken by
black patches.

1558. Eusemia dentatrix, Westw. Cab. Or. Ent. p. 68, pi. 83, fio-. 5 :

C. ^ S. no. 319. r , V , = ,

Differs from victrix in the abdomen being ringed black and
orange; collar and pectus orange. Hind wing with a broad
orange medial band broken by a highly irregular black patch
from the costa.

Mab. Nepal; Sikhim ; Bhutan ; Assam ; Sylhet. Exp. 75 millim.

Sect. III. Hind wing with veins 6 and 7 stalked. Fore wing
with blue spots near the base.

A. Hind wing black, with orange spots near anal angle..

1559. Eusemia negrita, n. sp.

(S . Collar black; tegulae spotted with yellow; abdomen with
orange segmental bands below, and on third and anal segments
above. Fore wing with a broad medial nearly regular yellow
baud ; the postmedial spots absent ; the submarginal white spots
obsolete towards outer angle, obsolescent towards the costa, the
spot between veins 4 and 5 present. Hind wing with a slight
orange streak in the cell and on median nervure near the base •
one orange spot near anal angle ; the white spots obsolescent above!

Hub. Enlay, S. Shan States {Manders). E.vp. 75 millim. Type
in coll. Elwes.

152

AGAEISTIDiB.

1560. Eusemia nigripennis, Bvtl. A. M. N. H. (4) xv, 1875, p. 140 ;
Moore, Lep. Ceyl. n, pi. 94, fig. 3; C.SfS. no. 325.

Collar and tegulffi yellow-spotted ; abdomen with ventral yellow
bands. Fore wing with a medial yellow band of two irregularly
superposed spots ; a maculate postmedial band from below the
costa to vein 3, broken at vein 5 ; a submarginal series of six small
white spots. Hind wing black, with four small white submarginal
spots, and hardly a trace of the orange spots near anal angle.

Hah. Ceylon. Exp, 80 millim.

1561. Eusemia adulatrix, Koll. BwjeVs Kaschmir, iv, p. 464, pi. 20,
fio- 1 ; C. & S. no. 308.
Eusemia bellatrix, WesUo. Cab. Or. Ent. p. 67 ; C. ^ & no. 31o.
Eusemia nfflicta, Butl. Ent. Mo. Mag: xu, 1875, p. 118; C. ^ -J>.

Eusemia sectinotis, Butl. Ent, Mo. Mag. xii, 1875, p. 117 ; C. 4" S.

DO 331

Eusemia contractn, Butl. Ent, Mo, Mag. xii, 1875, p. 117 ; C. 8f S,

Eusemia simplex, Butl. Ent. Mo. Mag. xii, 1875, p. 118 ; C. 8,- S,
no. 333.

The submarguial series of white spots on both wings larger than
in niciripennis ; the spots near anal angle of hmd wing small and
red in ^[.-Indian, larger and orange in S.-Indian, specimens ; ab-
domen banded orange and black; the basal blue spots of the tore
wing very variable in size, as also are the medial and postmedial
spots.

Fig. 99. — Eusemia adulatrix, 5 • t-

In the form afflicta the postmedial spots are reduced in size ;
in sectinotis the nfedial spots, and in contracta both medial and post-
medial are reduced ; in sin^plex the medial spots ^re ™ and
regularly disposed; these variations occurring iriespectne ot

The whole of India and Burma. E,vp, 80 millim.

EtJSBMIA.

153

B. Eind wing with the basal two-thirds orange, hroJcen
by a black patch.

1562. Eusemia maculatrix, West^v. Nat. Zibr. p. 88, pi. 2, fig. 3 ;

C. ^- S. no. .324 (part).
Eusemia dives, £HtL Bl. Het. v, p. ]8; C. 8f S. no. 321.
Eusemia nipalensis, Jiutl. A. M. N. H. (4) xv, 1875, p. 140 ;

C. ^- S. no. 326.

Differs from adulatrix in the medial spots of the fore wing
being usually smaller and separated. Hind wing mth the basal
two-thirds orange, broken by a small mark below the costa and a
large irregular patch near inner margin connected by a streak with
the marginal band, which is widest at apex and with one to four
white spots on it.

The Sikhim form nipalensis has the hind wing orange-red, the
black markings being more extensive in a form from E. Tibet.

Hab. Himalayas, east of Nepal ; Burma ; Java. Kvjp. 80 millim.

1563. Eusemia irenea, Boisd. Rev. Zool. 1874, p. C.Sf S. no. 323.
Eusemia distincta, Butl. A. M. N. H. (4) xv, 1875, p. 140 ; id.

III. Met. V, pi. 82, tig. 3 ; C. <^ 8. no. 320.

Differs from maculatrix in a white spot being more or less
developed in the base of the cell ; the medial spots yeUow in
distincta, white in irenea ; the lower spot sometimes being white,
the upper yellow ; the postmedial spots white ; a marginal series
of steel-blue marks increasing in size towards the apex, but some-
times almost obsolete. Hind wing with the black margin broader.

Mab. Sikhim ; Khasis ; Nagas ; Sumatra. K%y. 75-91 millim.

1564. Eusemia latimargo, Umpsn. III. Ret. viii, p. 45, pi. 139, fig. 24.

Thorax with the spots white. Fore wing with the medial spots
yellow ; the postmedial obsolete. Hind wing with the basal
area orange-red ; the blade margin broad.

Bab. Malabar coast. Exp. 75 millim.

1565. Eusemia fasciatrix, Westw. Cab. Or. Ent. p. 67; C. Sf S.

no. 324 (part.).

Eusemia communicans, Wlk. Cat. xxxi, p. 50 ; C. ^ S. no. 316.
Eusemia communis, Butl. A. M. N. H. (4) xv, 1875, p. 140, pi. 13,
fig. 1 ; C.Sr S. no. 317.

Abdomen ringed buff and black. Fore wing with the medial
and postmedial bands much reduced and very variable in size, either
conjoined or separate, and white or buff ; the submarginal series
white. Hind wing with the black patch on the orange band
smaller, the black marginal area narrower.

Hab. Cachar ; Assam ; Nagas ; Cambodia ; Penaug. E.vp. 66
millim.

154

AGABISTIDjE.

1566. Eusemia vetula, Jliibn. Zutr. no. 329, figs. 057, 658; C. 8r S.
no. 335.

The submarginal series of spots on both wings buff.
Hab. Java and ? Assam. Exp. 70 millim.

Genus CHELONOMORPHA.

Chelonomorpba, Motsch. Et. Ent. ix, p. 30 (1860).

Type, C.japona, Motsch., from Japan.
Bange. Japan ; Khasi Hills.

Differs from Eusemia, Sect. I., in veins 9 and 10 of the fore
■wing arising separately from 7 and 8 and then anastomosing witb
them to form an areole.

1567. Chelonomorpha ansteni, Moore, Lep. Ath. p. 11; C. 8f S.
no. 313.

Head and thorax black, tegulsB yellow ; abdomen ringed orange
and black. Tore wing black ; two yellow spots in the cell, one
below it, two beyond, and a submarginal series of small white
spots ; some metallic-blue scales on discocellulars. Hind wing

Kg. 100. — Chelonomo-i~pha ausieni, $ . \.

with a broad orange-yellow band; a black spot at end of cell ; a
geminate spot near anal angle, connected by a bar with the
marginal black band which is wide at apex ; some subapical white

spots.

Eab. Khasis. Exjj. 53 millim.

Genus PHALiENOIDES.

Phalsenoides, Zewin, Lep. N. S. Wales, p. 2 (1822).

Tvpe, P. c/lycina;, from Australia. .
liavge. Tibet; N.B. India; Java; Ceram; INew Guinea;

Australia. , . • o •

Eore wing long and narrow. Hind wmg with vein 2 gixen
off near end of cell. Abdomen slender; male with an anal tuit ot
hair

PHALiENOIDES. — ZAI/ISSA.

155

1568. Phalsenoides fiinebris, Moore, P. Z. S. 1872, p. 569 ; Waterh.
Aid, ii, pi. 127, fig. 4 ; C. ^ S. no. 322.

Head and thorax black ; abdomen ringed black and orange. Fore
wing black, with a white speck at middle of ceil; a spot at end of
it, one beyond the cell, and another on vein 4 ; a curved series oi;
metallic-bliie specks near outer and inner margins ; cilia white

Fig. 101. —Phalcsnoides funebris, cJ. \.

near apex. Hind wing with the basal area white ; the marginal
area black, with a white subapical spot and series towards anal
angle ; cilia spotted with white.
Mab. Sikhim. Eccjp. 58 millim.

Genus ZALISSA,

Zalissa, WlJc Cat. xxxiii, p. 936 (1865).
Seudyra, Stretch, Cist. JEnt. ii, p. 19 (1875).
Pimprana, Moore, Lap. Atk. p. 41 (1882).

Type, Z. Gatocalina, "Wlk., from Australia.

Range. Japan ; China ; Himalayas ; N". India ; Burma ;
Andamans ; Sumatra; Java; Borneo; Australia.

Palpi with the 3rd joint short ; antennsB slightly dilated ;
abdomen with dorsal tufts ; tibise moderately hairy and not spined.
Pore wing with veins 3, 4, 5 from close to angle of cell ; 6 from
upper angle ; 9 and 10 anastomosing with 7 and 8 to form the
areole. Hind wing as in Ghelonomorplm.

1569. Zalissa transiens, Wlk. Cai. vii,p. 1588; Moore, Lep. E. I. Co.
pi. 13, figs. 5, 5 a (larva) ; C. 8^ S. no. 340.
Eusemia aigoceroides, Fdd. Reis. Nov. pi. 107, fig. 10 ; Boisd.

Rev. Zool. 1874, p. 106.
Seudyra dissimilis, Swinh. Trans. Ent. Soc. 1890, p. 174.

Head and thorax dark chestnut-brown ; abdomen golden yellow,
with a series of dorsal black spots. Fore wing dark chestnut
marbled with grey, this colour forming an oblique band from
costa to outer angle ; orbicular and reniform outlined in grey.
Hind wing yellow, with a broad irregular black margin; some
specimens with a black spot on discocellulars.

156

agaiiistid;f.

Some specimens have the costa and cell of fore wing suffused
with white.

Kg. 102. — Zalissa iransiens, J • {•

Larva black, the first and eleventh somites yellow with black
spots ; lateral tufts of blue hairs and scattered long black hairs.

JIab. Sikbim, 2000-4000 feet; Khasis; Nagas, 6000 feet;
Burma ; Java ; Borneo. Exp. 50 milhm.

1570. Zalissa bala, Moore, P. Z. S. 1865, p. 795; C. Sr S. do. 343.

Differs from iransiens in the grey marbling of fore wing being
suffused with fuscous. Hind wing with a black spot at end of
cell ; the marginal band extending more round anal angle and
suffused with yellow on the underside.

JIab. Sikhim, 7000-10,000 feet. Exp. 50 millim.

1571. Zalissa venosa, Moore, P. Z. S. 1879, p. 389 ; Waierh. Aid, ii,

pi. 131, fig. 5; C. <5--S.no. 341.

cJ . Tore wing wholly suffused with grey, except the apical and
inner areas. Hind wing with a red-brown patch and submargmal
orange line on the marginal band near anal angle; no cell-spot.
Underside of both wings with a submarginal lunulate white hue.
■ Hab. Sikhim. Exp. 54 milUm.

1572 Zalissa longipennis, Wlk. Cat. xxxiii, p. 934 ; Bull. Ill Set.
V, pi. 82, fig. 8; £7. c5- >S. no. 3.39.

cJ Hind wing with some yellow on the margin beyond the
black band, which is widest at apex and anal angle. Underside ot
fore wing with the base yellow ; the orbicular, reniform, and a
patch below vein 2 black, the two former with white patches
beyond them : the apex red-brown; hind wmg with the marginal
band obsolete and replaced by a reddish submargmal hue, with

some red suffusion beyond it. ,

Hab. Sikhim, low elevations; Manipur; Silhet;^agas. AijJ.

66 millim.

1573. Zalissa exiguifascia. „ .

PhcB-orista catocalina, Wlk. Cat. xxxv, p. 1859 (pra;occ.) ; Bull.
Jll. Hct. V, pi. 82, fig. 9 ; C. Sf S. no. 338.
Differs from longipennis in the fore wings not being so grey.

ZyVLISSA. — iEOOCBRA.

157

Hind wing with a spot at end o£ cell ; the submarginal band
wide near anal angle, obsolete towards apex. Underside of fore
wing yellow, without the white patches; the red at apex less
extensive ; hind wing with the cell-spot prominent.
Hab. Sikhim, 6000-8000 feet. Exp. 65 millim.

1574. Zalissa albifascia, Wlh. Cat. xxxiii, p. 933 ; C.S^S. no. 2275.

Differs from transiens in the orbicular and reniform spots of the
fore wing being indistinct and not outlined with white ; the patch
beyond the cell lai-ge and sometimes pure white ; the postmedial
lines evenly curved, not oblique and angled ; the marginal area not
bluish grey towards anal angle ; an indistinct waved submarginal
line. Hind wing with the black band broadest at apex ; its inner
edge evenly curved, with a white patch on it at apex. Underside
with the base of fore wing yellow ; slight traces of the white
patches in cell ; white patches at apices of both wings.

Hah. N. China ; Sikhim ; Canara ; Moulmein ; Eangoon ; An-
damans. Exp. 60 milhm.

*1575. Zalissa ? nepcha, Moore, P. Z. S. 1867, p. 68 ; C. S. no. 2278.

Head black ; antennas yellow ; thorax rufous brown ; abdomen
orange-yellow, with dorsal and lateral series of black-brown spots.
Eore wing rufous brown ; some irregular black marks on basal
area ; a square white spot at end of cell : a narrow slightly curved
postmedial white band with black inner edge and series of dentate
black marks beyond it; a marginal series of black and grey
lunules ; cilia grey-brovm. Hind wing orange-yellow, wdth a
broad black marginal band. Underside with the basal area yellow,
the outer black ; fore wing with a broad postmedial white band to
near outer angle, where there is a white spot ; hind wing with a
white medial patch from costa to lower angle of cell.

iTai. Sikhim. JS/.tp. 70 millim.

1576. Zalissa atMnsoni, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 42, pi. 2, fig. 11 ; C. S( S.
no. 1740.

J . Head and thorax pale brown ; abdomen black, yellow at
sides and extremity. Eore wing rust-red ; the basal and costal
areas and a space beyond end of cell ochreous ; orbicular and
reniform spots indistinctly fuscous ; submarginal and marginal
series of grey specks. Hind wing black ; the marginal area and
cilia bright yellow. Underside with the costal and marginal areas
of both wings yellow ; the discal and inner areas black ; two black
spots in cell of fore wing, and one in that of hind wing.

Hub. Sikhim. E.xp. 86 millim.

Genus JESOCERA.

^gocera, Latr. Gen. Crust. Ins. iv, p. 211 (1809).

Type, JE. menete, Cram., from Africa.

liange. iEthiopian, Oriental, and Australasian regions.

158

AGABISTIDjE.

Palpi with the 2ni joint clothed with long hair ; antennas
strongly dilated distally. Venation as in Zalissa, except that vein
5 of the hind wing is absent.

Sect. I. Fore wing of male with the suhcostal nervures distorted
and enclosing below the costa a large hyaline streak, the
membrane of which is dilated and ribbed, producing a cHcking
sound during flight, probably by friction on the greatly-
developed spines of the mid tarsus,

1577. .ffigocera tripartita, Kirby, Proc. Hoy. Dubl. Soc. n, 1880,
p. 340 ; Waterh. Aid, i, pi. 39 ; C. Sr S. no. 347.

Palpi black, fringed with white; head white ; thorax red-brown,
the collar and tegulse marked with white ; abdomen yellow, with
a black spot on the vertex of each segment. Pore wing red-brown,
thickly irrorated with grey scales ; a broad longitudinal streak
from the base broken into three spots. Hind wing yellow, with
a black spot at the end of cell and a red-brown irregular outer
margin ; cilia whitish.

Hub. Plains of Burma. Exp. 37 millim.

Sect. JI. Pore wing of male without the costal vesicle.

578. .ffigocera venulia. Cram. Pajj. Exot. ii, pi. 165 d ; C. 8f S.
no. 348.

Pore wing with the longitudinal white streak entire, and with

Fig. IQ'd.—Mgocera venulia, S- }•
an indenture on its upper edge and a small black spot near its
lower edse • a red marginal line ; cil.a of both wings wh te.

i;6! Th; sub-Himalayan tracts of Kashmu- and Sikhim, and
plains of India, Oeylon, and Burma. Exp. 33 milhm.

1579. ^gocera bimacula, Wlk. Cat. i, p. 67; Butl. M. Bet. i, pi. 5,
fig. 4; a SfS.no. 345.
Pore wine not so much irrorated with grey; a yellowish-white

;EG00ERA. — MIIIEUSEMIA.

159

postmedial band from the costa to vein 3. Hind wing vvitli a spot
at each angle of the cell ; the lower spot sometimes jomed to the
marginal band at anal angle.

Hah. The plains of India and Ceylon ; Sikhim. Exp. 45 millim.

1580. JEgocera accurata, Stvinh. P. Z. S. 1889, p. 401.

Frons and thorax orange ; abdomen with orange patches on
the terminal segments. Fore wing black, with a white subbasal
dot ; an antemedial spot ; a flaak-shaped medial band from below
the costa to above vein 1 ; a postmedial broader band from below
the costa to vein 3, with its outer edge angled ; cilia white at apex.
Hind wing black, with a large round central white spot ; cilia
white.

Hah. Biu^ma. Exp. 53 millim.

Genus MIMEUSEMIA.

Mimeuaemia, Butl. A. M. N. H. (4) xv, p. 397 (1875).

Type, M. persimilis, Butl., from Japan.
Range. Japan ; India ; Ceylon ; Burma.

Differs from JScjocera in veins 9 and 10 of the foi-e wing both
anastomosing with 7 and 8 to form the areola, and in the male
claspers being large as in Eusemia.

1581. Mimeusemia hasalis, Wlk. Cat. i, p. 53 ; Butl. Ill Het. i, pi. 5,

fig. 2 ; C.Sf S. DO. 314.

Head and thorax black ; abdomen black, the terminal segments
ringed with orange. Fore wing black with a chestnut tinge, and
crossed by four indistinct lines of metalKc-blue scales ; a large
subbasal yellow spot; a postmedial yellow band from the costa
to iiaterno-mediau interspace, excurved beyond the cell. Hind
wing with a subbasal orange patch on the inner margin ; a yellow
spot at the end of cell.

Hah. Assam ; Bengal. Exp. 58 millim.

1582. Mimeusemia peshwa, Moore, Cat. E. I. Co. p. 289, pi. 7 a, fip. 2 :
C.^ S. no. 2,28. r , , b ,

Vertex of head, thorax, and patagia yellow ; the whole abdomen
ringed black and orange. Fore wing with a smaller yellow spot at
base of cell ; a large spot at lower angle of cell ; a postmedial
oblique spot from veins 9 to 3 ; cilia white at apex and outer
angle. Hind wing with a large basal golden-yellow patch ex-
tending along the inner margin to near the anal angle ; a large
yellow spot beyond the cell from veins 7 to 3 ; cilia with the tips
white at apex.

Hah. Kdngra ; Sikhim. JErp. 58 millim.

160 NOCTTJIDiE.

1583 Mimeusemia ceylonica, Smpsn. III. Het. ix, p. 89, pi. lo7,
fig. 24.

Differs frorapes7tM/«ia the vertex of thorax being black; abdo-

Fig. 104. — Mimeusemia ceylonioa, S ■ \-

men orange, with the basal segments black above; the fore wing
^vith a small yellow spot at the upper angle of the cell.
Hah. Trincomali, Ceylon. Exp. 41 miUim.

1584. Mimeusemia alhicilia, n. sp.

The markings of the head, thorax, and wings as m pesTiwa, except
that tirs^ots^of the fore wing are larger and wh.ter ; the c.ha of
hind wing wholly white ; abdomen as in mjlomca.

Hal TiHn, Yaw, Burma (Watson). Exj,., 6 43, ? 55 milhm.
Type in B. M.

Species formerly recorded as Indian lohich are omitted.

Vitnoraindrasana more 0. &^^^^^^^^
^gocerafimhria, Motsch., C. & S. no. ^40 - ^- J
from Africa.

family NOCTUID^.

Alargefamilyofmothsconsistingofc^^^^^^^^^^^
genera ; all are of completely ^o^turn^J^^^^^^^^^^^^ i^extSy constant,
which frequent low herbage ^h« from the

so that it is only necessary to de cribe t ^^J^Ya light and not
normal type, wl.ch :s : l^m. w g ^^^^l^^^^^, J,,,^.^ 3,4,5
anastomosing with 1 h ; ^ ' . . s given off from

from close to lower ang^e ; 6 from !^1^P- ^^^^rom^ to form an
7 and anastomosing with 9, ^^^^^'l'^ S^^^^ j^j^ ^ « h present ;
areole; 11 from cell ; .^^ eeU S^nd 4 f lower angle ; 5
Ic absent; 2 from "'^^^^^^^ °f ,S of discocellulars, rarely absent,
from near lower angle or middle .d^sc°'^^''^^^ Trenulum
but more or less aborted m the AconHma^. and l1^J^na.
always, proboscis almost always, present.

NOCTUIDJE.

LarvcB usually naked or slightly clothed with hair, rarely with
thick tufts or spatulate tilauieuts. The lowest forms, the Sarro-
thi-ipince, Stidopterince, Trijince, FaUndunce, Euteliince, aud almost
all GoHopterince, have the four pairs of abdominal prolegs fully
developed and are not semiloopiug, whilst in the DeltoicUnce and
Aconiiince the first or first two pairs ai'e sometimes obsolescent or
absent ; in the Quadrijinai aud Focillince, M'hich are semiloopers,
the first or first two pairs are almost always rudimentary or absent.
The larvEB usually pupate in the earth without a cocoon, a cemented
chamber being often formed ; more rarely a cocoon is made
amongst leaves, on bark, or on the surface of ground.

Key to the Subfamilies,

1. Trijinm.

A. Moths with the legs and especially the
tarsal joints short and stout.
a. Hind wing with vein 5 obsolescent,
from centre of discocellulars or (rarely)
depressed at origin ; no production of
the outer margin at its termination . .
h. Hind wing with vein 5 slightly more
developed and always depressed at
origin ; no production of the outer

margin at its termination 2. Acontiinoe.

c. Hind wing with vein 5 as strong as the
other veins *, with a projection of the
outer margin at its termination and
almost always from or from near
lower angle of cell or well below
centre of discocellulars.
a'. Palpi not sickle-shaped, the 2nd
joint being straight.
Abdomen much longer than the
hind wing,
a'. Abdomen without a large tubu-
lar anal tuft or paired tufts,
stout, and with smooth scaling.
h". Abdomen with a large tubular
anal tuft or paired tufts ....
i^. Abdomen hardly longer than the
hind wing t and tapering to ex-
tremity.

a', Tore wing almost always with
raised tufts or lines of scales,
a". Fore wing of nearly even

width after the base 4. Sarroth-ipinas.

7. Gonopterinoe.
5. Evteliince.

* Absent in a few Sarrothripinm.
t Except in Batracharia, Sphingomorpha, and Lontha.
TOL. II. M

162

NOCTTJIBiE.

&\ Tore V ing increasing in width
to outer margin, usually
narrow and long; hind
wing genernlly more or

less hyaline at base 6. Stictopterinm.

V. Eore wing without raised tufts
or lines of scales, increasing
in width to outer margin*,
and not hyaline at base.
rt^ Palpi slender, with the 2nd
joint not thickened ; the

scaling quite smooth 3. Paliiidnnce.

b\ Palpi with the 2ud joint
more or less thickened ;
the scaling usually hairy . 8. Quadrifince.
V. Palpi sickle-shaped, the 2nd joint

being cnrved 9. Focillinw.

Moths of slender build, with the legs and
especially the tarsal joints long and
slender ' 10. Deltoidinw.

Subfamily TRIFINiE.
Pore wing with vein 6 from the upper angle of cell or rarely
from above it ; vein 8 given off from 7 and anastoraosmg with 9,
which is given off from 10 to form the areolet, or rarely vein /
also anastomoses with 9. Hind wing with veins 3 and 4 from

Fig. 105.— Lnrva of Agroiis c-nignim. 1.
(From Hmpsn. 111. Het. ix, pi. 176, fig. 4.)

end of cell or rarely on a short stalk; 5 from centre of discocellu-
lars, rarely slightly curved at origin, very slender and obsolescent,
the 'outer 'margin iiot being produced at its termination t ; ■^ ems 6
and 7 from angle of cell or rarely stalked. _

The following markings on the fore wing are very charact ensue
of the Noctuidcc and especially of the subfamily Trifince: an orbi-
cular or rounded stigma in the cell, a reniform or kiduey-shaped
Btigma just beyond it, and a claviform or elongate streak below

the cell. . , , i -1 •

Larvm with four pairs of abdominal prologs, not semilooping.

* ExL^ept Isocura, Binumma, and Callyna.

\ K5-?S:'5 is more etro.gly developed and Irom near the lower
angle of cell.

NOOTUTDjB.

163

Key to the Genera.

A. Ey68 hairy.

n. Proboscis very slender .' 2. Glottula, p. 167.

b. Proboscis fully developed.
a'. Abdomen without dorsal tufts.
a^. Palpi porrect, very short and hairy . . 3. Polytela, p. 168.
b-. Palpi obliquely upturned and smoothly
scaled.

a^. Fore vring vsdth con-crenulate cilia. . 44. Leucania, p. 269.

P. Fore wing with creuulate cilia 46. Abcilasisa, p. 282.

c". Palpi porrect, long, and the 2nd joint

clothed with long hair 19. Semiophoba, p. 205.

h'. Abdomen with dorsal tufts 18. Hadena, p. 108.

B. Eyes naked.

a. Proboscis quite obsolete ; irons with a

corneous process 4. Rabila, p. 169.

b. Proboscis fully developed.

a'. Hind wing with vein 8 running close

along 7 to middle of cell 1. Sphetta, p. 166.

h'. Hind wing with vein 8 rapidly diverg-
ing from 7.
rt^. Fore tibiae with a pair of strong curved
terminal spines.

n^. Mid and hind tibife without spines. . 10. Ohabiclea, p. 176.

b^. Mid and hind tibiae spined 11. Raghuva, p. 180.

b'-. Fore tibiae without strong curved
spines.

a'. Mid and hind tibiae spined.
a*. Fore tibite with a pair of slender

terminal spines 9. Heliothis, p. 174.

b*. Fore tibias strongly spined at mar-
gins.

a^. Fore wing broad; abdomen flat-
tened 12. AoBOTis, p. 180.

b'. Fore wing long and narrow 17. Hebmonassa, p. 196.

c'. Fore tibiae without spines.
a^. Mid and hind tibise with a few

spines towards extremities 8. Adisuea, p. 173.

6°. Mid and hind tibiae strongly spined.
a^. Fore wing narrow, the apex sub-
quadrate. . , 14. EptLECTA, p. 193.

4°. Fore wing broad, the apex more
produced, and outer margin

oblique 16. HYPEEN.a;NiA, p. 194.

c'. Mid and hind tibiffi without spines.
a". Abdomen with dorsal tufts.
a'. Collar with a high peak at

centre 28. OucnxiA, p. 238.

b'. Collar normal ; thorax with a
large furrowed crest.
a^. Pidpi with the 3rd joint short

and upturned 26. Diptebyoia, p. 235.

i'. Palpi with the 3rd joint long

and porrect 27. Euscotia, p. 237.

M 2

164

NOCTTJIDiE.

c'. Thorax -with a slight tuft behind
the collar and paired tufts on
metathorax.

a\ Palpi porrect 47. Auchmis *, p. 283.

?/. Palpi upturned,
a". Palpi -with the 2nd joint not
reaching vertex of head, the

3rd short 21. Euplexia, p. 207.

i". Palpi -with the 2nd joint
reaching vertex of head, the

3rd long 22. Ancaba, p. 223.

d^. 'Thorax -without tufts behind
the collar and only the meta-
thoracic tufts,
a'. Fore tibioo with large tufts of
hair.

a". Fore wing with no tuft of

scales at outer angle 35. Spodopteba, p. 248.

b". Fore wing with a tuft of scales
at outer angle.
a^". Hind wing with the outer
margin slightly excised

below apex 39. Callopistbia, p. 253.

6^°. Hind wing with the outer

margiu evenly curved .... 40. El-usa, p. 257.
b^. Fore tibias smoothly scaled,
a". Hiad wing with the disco-

cellulars nearly straight . ... 34. Pbodenia, p. 247.
b". Hind wing with the disco-

cellulars highly angled .... 36. Calogbamma, p. 249.
e'. Thorax without tufts.

Fore -wing long and narrow . . 23. Magusa, p. Z20.
b^. Fore wing short and quadrate.
a". Fore wing with veins 8 and 9
anastomosing to form an

areole 38. Beebesa, p. 252.

b". Fore -wing -with veins 7, 8, 9,

10 stalked. • • 41. AbboeiCOBnus, p. 258.

(f. Fore wing short, but more pro-

duced at apex 37. Amyna, p. 250.

6", Abdomen vrithout dorsal tufts,
a''. Frons -with a trilobate corneous

process 31. Mtoabia, p. 245.

6^. Frons -without a corneous pro-
cess.

a^. Thorax -with a high sharp crest
behind the collar,
a". Fore -wing with the cilia
slightly crenulate ; the palpi

short.. 5. Xanthia, p. 1/0.

b". Fore wing with the cUia pro-
duced to points at the veins ;
the palpi very long 6. Elwesia, p. 171.

* In A.pohjodon there are sometimes a few spines at the end of the mid
tibia.

NOOTUIDjE.

165

i'. Thorax with a long sharp crest

behind the collar 7. Pybkhia, p. 172.

e'. Thorax with a slight furrowed

crest behind the collar and a

pair of tufts on metathorax ;

fore wing with the cilia cre-

nulate 24. Etirois, p. 227.

d^. Thorax with a shght crest be-
hind the collar, and no tufts

on metathorax ; fore wing

with the cilia non-crenulate . 32. Toxocampa, p. 245.
e'. Thorax with no crest behind
the collar, and slight tufts on
metathorax ; the cilia non-
crenulate 33. CONSEKVULA, p. 246.

Thorax without tufts or crests,
a". Palpi upturned.
«'°. Fore wing with the cilia
crenuiate.
o". Palpi with the 2nd joint
not reaching vertex of
head; the head and
thorax clothed with loug

hair 25. Polia, p. 231.

Palpi with the 2nd joint
reaching vertex of head ;
the head and abdomen
smooth ; abdomen flat-
tened 13. Amphipyba, p. 190.

6'°. Fore wing the ciUa non-
crenulate.

Palpi with the 2nd joint
quite smoothly scaled,
a". Palpi with the 2nd joint
reaching just above ver-
tex of head.

Palpi with the 3rd joint
short 16. AucHA, p. 193.

b^^. Palpi with the 3rd joint
long, recurved over head
and buried in hair in
male, upturned in fe-
male ; male with very

long tubular anal tuft . 30. Cobyththius, p. 244
b'^. Palpi with the 2nd joint
not quite reaching ver-
tex of head.

Antennce ciliated in both

sexes 45. Floccitera, p. 281

b^'. Antennae quite simple,
a''. Palpi with the 2nd
joint not thickened;
lore wing of normal

shape 53. Leocyma, p. 288.

b'\ Palpi with the 2nd
joint thickened ; fore
wing with the inner

166

noctuid;e.

and outer margins
forming an almost

continuous curve 54. Apsabasa, p , 290.

Palpi M'ith the 2nd joint
fringed witli hair,
a'-. Fore wing with the inner
margin slightly lobed

towards base 29. Acronycta, p. 240.

6'-. Fore wing with the inner
margin almost straight.
a'3_ Fore wing short and

Ijroad 42. Cabadrina, p. 259.

b^". Fore wing long and
narrow, the apex pro-
duced 20. BOMBYCIA, p. 206.

Palpi with a tuft of hair on
2nd joint produced to an [p- 268.

acute angle 43. TATHOEHYNCnrs,

. Palpi porrect.

Fore wing with the costa
arched ; vein 6 given off
after angle of cell; antennae

of male bipectinate 52. Phycidopsis, p. 288.

i^". Fore wing with the costa
nearly straight; vein 6
from angle of cell; antennae
of male ciliated.
Fore wing not produced at
apex.

o^-. Fore wing of moderate

breadth ; the apex acute. 48. Nonaghia, p. 284.
h^"^ Fore wing very narrow, [p- "8/.

the apex rounded 51. Phycidimobpha,

6^^ Fore wing with the apex
produced to a point,
fli^. Fore wing of normal

breadth ; vein 7 from end

of areola 49. Acbapex, p. 286.

b^^. Fore wing very narrow ;

vein 7 anastomosing with

9 50. Acotipenna, p. 287.

Genus SPHETTA.
Sphetta, Wlk. Cat. xxxii, p. 457 (1865),
Type, S. apicalis, Wlk.

Eanqe. Sikkim ; Malabar Coast ; Ceylon. . f „

Eves naked ; palpi obliquely porrect, reaching beyond the irons,
the 2nd joint heavily fringed with hair; antennse fasciculate;
thorax and abdomen smoothly scaled, the latter long; t.bKO
vdthout spines. Fore wing broad and rounded ; vein 3 from Icn g
before end of cell. Hind wing vvith veins 6 and . on a shoit
Btalk ; 8 running close along 7 to middle of cell.

This may be an abnormal Notodont genus aUied to Cijrhanta.

SPHETXA. — QLOTTULA..

1G7

1585. Sphetta apicalis, Wlk. Cat. xxxii, p. 457 ; Moore, Lep. Ceijl. ii,
1)1. 12], figs. 2, 2rt (larva) ; C. ^- S. no. 1139.
Sphetta biocellata, Mvore, P. Z. S. 1870, p. 40.3 ; C. S; S. no. 1140.

. Head, thorax, and fore wing pale wainscot-brown, the last
with traces of waved dark lines at the base ; a double angulate
atitemedial line ; a black streak from the middle of the cell to apex,
before reaching which it is curved upwards, leaving a large pale

Fig. 106. — Sphetta apicalis, cf . J.

patch on the costa before the apex ; the orbicular and renifoiin
spots small and pale ; four waved postmedial lines and one waved
fiubmarginal. Abdomen and hind wing fuscous.
$ . Erowner and darker.

Larva greyish blue above, green below, with a darker lateral
band dividing the two colours ; a dorsal series of setiferous tuber-
cles from the 4th to anal somite ; a subdorsal series of small black
spots.

Bab. Sikhiin ; Bombay ; Nilgiris ; Ceylon. Exp., J 42, $ 50
millim.

Genus GLOTTULA,
Glottiila, Guen. Ann. Soc. Ent. France, vi, p. 359 (1837).
Type, G. pancratii, Cyr., from Europe.

lianrje. Europe ; S. Africa; Mauritius ; throughout India, Burma,
and Ceylon ; Java.

Eyes minutely pubescent ; proboscis almost obsolete ; palpi
porrect and short ; auteunm serrate in both sexes ; thorax and
abdomen without tufts, the former with erect woolly pile.

158G. Glottula dominica, Cram. Pap. Kvot. iv, pi. 399 h ; Moore, Lep.
Cei/L iii, pi. 145, tigs. 2, 2 a (larva) ; C. Sr S. no. 1780.

Head and thorax black-brown ; abdomen red-brown. Eoro wing
red-brown, palest beyond the middle ; subbasal, medial, and post-
medial indistinct vt'aved black lines ; the reniform ochreous ; a
ciirved submarginal ochreous line vvilh ferruginous kmules on each
side of it ; a marginal series of black lunules. Hind wing pure
white.

168

NOCTUIDJE.

Larva. Thick and warty ; black, spotted with bluish white : the
head, a dorsal patch on 1st somite and two terminal somites red
v\'ith black spots ; legs red and black.

Fig. 107. — Gloitula dominica, cJ.

Hab. S. Africa : Mauritius ; throughout Continental India,
Ceylon, and Burma ; Java. E.vp. 36-38 millim.

1587. Glottula orientalis, n. sp.

cJ . Head, thorax, and abdomen black-brown ; the basal joint of
antennffi yellow ; some yellow on teguloB. Fore wing pale pink;
some irregular black marks on base of costa and inner margin ; a
broken antemedial waved band ; the renil'orm orange with black
outline, and a black patch on the costa above it ; a lunulate post-
medial line excurved and obsolescent from the costa to vein 3, well
marked towards inner margin ; the outer area black, with an irre-
gular series of pink strice. Hind wing dark fuscous, the discal
area suffused with white, and with a lunuie at end of cell ; cilia of
both wings orange and black ; underside whitish with a cell-spot,
traces of a postmedial line, and broad marginal band.

Bab. Nilgiris. Kv^. 38 millim. Type in coll. Moore.

Genus POLYTELA.
rely tela, Gueti. Noct. i, p. 113 (1852).
Type, Jp. gloriosce, Fabr.

Range. Throughout India and Ceylon ; Java.

Eyes hairy ; proboscis fully developed; palpi porrect and roughly
scaled, the 3rd joint short ; antenna} almost simple. Thorax and
abdomen mthout tufts ; tibifB without spines.

1588. Polytela gloriosaB, Fair. Sp. Ins. ii, p. 205, no. 150; Moore,
Lep. Ceyl. iii, p. 145, figs. \,la (larva) ; C. S> S. no. 1786.

Head and thorax blue-black ; the basal joint of palpi and an-
tenna orange; three orange specks on metathorax ; abdomen
black, the terminal segments orange. Fore wing blue-black ; an

POLTTELA. — EABILA.

169

orange speck at base ; the subbasal and antemedial waved lines
filled in with orange, with an orange speck between them in cell,

and two pink and black lunules
towards inner margin ; the orbicu-
lar a vellow ring-mark; the reni-
form yellow, with the upper part
centred with pink, the lower with
fuscous ; some orange specks on
costa towards apex ; the curved
lunulate double postmedial line
Tig. 108.— Poli/tela fflorioscs J, i. filled in with yellow, and with a

series of pink and black lunules
beyond it ; large orange blotches at apex and outer angle ; cilia
black and orange. Hind wing fuscous, with traces of an angled
postmedial line ; the cilia orange.

Larva smooth ; purple-black, with dorsal, lateral, and sublateral
series of white spots ; purplish lateral blotches on thoracic and two
terminal somites ; head, legs, and a dorsal spot on 1st somite red.
Food-plant Amaryllis.

Hah. Throughout India and Ceylon. Exp. 28-42 millim.

1589. Polytela florigera. Gum. Nod. i, p. ]14; C.^ S. no. 1785.
Polytela inclyta, Wlk. Char, undescr. Het. p. 27.

Differs from cjloriosa in the basal joints of the palpi and antenna
being black ; the orange spots on rnetathorax often absent ; cilia
of hind wing black.

Hab. Madras ; Canara. E.vp. 23 millim.

1590. Polytela chrysospila, wik. Cat. xxxii, p. G3.5.

Head, thorax, and abdomen black, the last with the extremity
orange. Eore wing with the basal two-thirds black, with blue-
black patches on it ; a large yellow patch at end of cell ; the outer
area blue-black. Hind wing black.

Bab. Karen Hills; Java. A-.r^j. 30 millim.

Genus EABILA.

Eabila, Wlk. Cat. xxxii, p. 607 (1865).

Type, li. frontalis, Wlk.
lianr/e. Ceylon.

Eyes naked without lashes; proboscis obsolete; palpi porrect
and evenly scaled, the 3rd joint long ; frons with a rounded cor-
neous projection ; antennfe of male with short branches. Thorax
and abdomen without tufts ; tibiaa without spines. Neiiration
normal ; fore wing with the apex somewhat produced and rounded
the outer angle slightly hooked. '

170

NOCTUID^E,

1591 EaMla frontalis, Wlk. Cat. xxxii, p. 508; Moore, Lep. Ceyl.
ii, pi. 132, 11.-. 5 ; C. <!i-S.no.l300.

S . Eeddish ochreous ; fore wing
with the veins and interspaces
"^^^^^^ J^' slightly streaked with red-brown.

^^^^vPM •feM/' i^ti'^'l ^^"8 white.

K'/// « Type very faded.

P ' Hab. Ceylon. Eccp. 34 millim.

rig. 109. — Babila frontalis, S ■ \-

Genus XANTHIA.
Xanthia, Oelis. Eur. Sahmett. iv, p. 82 (1816).

Type, X. luteago, Tabr., from Europe.

Runye. Europe; Amur; Himalayas; Khasi Hills.

Eyes naked and without lashes ; proboscis fully developed ;
palpi porrect or obliquely upturned; antennae of male ciliated;
thorax squarely scaled, with a high sharp crest behind the collar ;
abdomen without dorsal tufts, and clothed with long hair on the
back of proximal segments; tibite without spmes. lore wng
rather acute at apex ; the outer margin excurved at centre ; the
cilia slightly creuulate.

1592. Xanthia alhosignata, Moore, P. Z. S. 1881, p. 355 ; C. S,- S.
no. 1977.

A Whitish, sufEused with pale red-brown, the abdomen with
fuscous, lore wing with whitish subbasal and anteniedial lines
the latter obhque ; orbicular and reniform ochreous with chestnut
outline, the latter with four white specks on its outer edge ; a

"Fig. 110.— A'anlhia aUiosignata, . \.

postmedial whitish line excurved beyond cell, the area beyond it
suffused with ochreous, ^^•ith an indistinct submarginal chestnut
line ; cilia fuscous. Hind wing whitish, the inner area sufFused
with fuscous ; traces of a postmedial hne. Underside with pbst-
medial line to both wings and cell-spot to hind wuig.
Ifab. N.W. Himalayas. Ex^}. 56 millim.

1593. Xanthia melonina, Butl. III. Set. vii, p. 57, pi. 128, fig. 7.

Oran-e-yellow; collar and patagia with purplish lines on them;
abdomen tinged v^ith pink. Eore wing with the veins purplish ;

XANTHIA.— BLWESIA.

171

two subbasal purplish lines, the second arising from a patch on the
costa ; two antemedial lines slightly angled inwards on median
nerv'ure ; a medial diffused baud ; the orbicular and reuiform large,
with purplish edges ; the postmedial line angled below the costa
aud at lower angle of cell ; a dark submarginal nearly straight
line ; a marginal crenulate line. Hind wing pale, with a medial
pink line from upper angle of cell to inner margin ; a submarginal
pink diffused band; the inner area suffused with pink ; acreuulate
marginal line. Underside of fore wing with two postmedial lines.
Hind wing with cell-spot and postmedial line.
Hab. Dharmsala. Exp. 44 millim.

1594. Xanthia basalipunctata, Graeser, Berl. ent. Zeit. 1888, p. 341.
Goi tyna intermixta, Swi7ih. Trans. Ent. Soo. 1891, p. 480, pi. 19,

fig. 11. >i > I >

d" • Ochreous, suffused with ferruginous. Fore wing with the
costa narrowly red-brown; double waved subbasal and antemedial
lines, the latter with a red-brown patch in cell aud another on
inner margin ; orbicular, reniform, and claviform with red-brown
outlines ; curved medial and postmedial lines, the latter with the
whole area beyond it red-brown, except an apical yellow patch ; an
indistinct, waved, submarginal line. Hind wing fuscous, with an.
indistinct postmedial line.

Hab. Amur ; Xhasis. Evjj. 42 milhm.

1595. Xanthia gilvago, Esp. Schmett. Eur. pi. 176, fio-. 2.
Noctua palleago, Hiibn. Samml. Eur. Schmett., Noct. fio'. 442.

Head and thorax orange-yellow ; abdomen whitish. Tore wing
orange-yellow, slightly suffused Mith rufous; indistinct rufous
waved subbasal, antemedial, and postmedial lines, and autemedial,
medial, and postmedial lunulate fuscous bands ; the orbicular aud
reniform indistinct, the latter with a dark spot on its lower part;
a submarginal series of dark specks, with faint fuscous marks
beyond them ; the cilia reddish. Hind wing vellowish white.

Hab. Europe ; Gurais Valley, Kashmir. Exp. 38 millim.

1596. Xanthia rectilineata, n. sp.

Pale reddish. Fore wing with nearly straight subbasal, ante-
medial, and postmedial pale lines with dark edges, some fuscous
suffusion before the antemedial and beyond the postmedial line; a
diffused fuscous medial band, the reniform fuscous and large ; some
fuscous on outer margin. Hind wing pale.

Bab. Kulu (Hocking) ; Sultaupur, Kdngra. E.vp. 32 millim.
Type in B. M.

Genus ELWESIA, nov.

Type, E. diplostigma, Hmpsn.
Range. Sikhiiu.

Differs from XantUa in the eyes being heavily lashed ; palpi

172

with the 2nd joint reaching above vertex of head, the 3rd long
and porrect ; a lai'ge porrectly pointed tuft ot' hair on vertex of head ;
thorax with the sharp crest behind the collar very long. Eore
wing with the cilia produced to long points at the veins ; hind wing
with the cilia deeply crenulate.

1597. Elwesia diplostigma, n. sp.

5 . Bright chestnut. Pore wing with short suhbasal and straight
antemedial ochreous dart-edged lines ; tbe orbicular, reniform,
and claviform very large with ochreous outlines, the reniform with
a round fuscous ochreous-edged spot at centre ; the postmedial line

Fig. 111. — Elwesia diplostigma, J. \.

slightly excurved beyond cell, with a double series of dark specks
on the veins beyond it ; the submarginal line almost straight ; a
slight crenulate marginal line. Hind wing reddish fuscous ; the
outer margin and ciha tinged with ochreous.

Hab. Sikhim, 10,000 feet (Elives). Exp. 34 millim. Type in
coll. Elwes.

Genus PYERHIA.
Pyrrhia, mihn. Vers. p. 233 (1818).

. Type, P. purjjurites, Treitschke, from Europe.

Eange. Europe ; Amur ; Japan ; Himalayas ; Naga Hills.

Eyes naked ; proboscis fully developed ; palpi porrect, thickly
and evenly scaled, the 3rd joint very short ; no frontal tuft.
Thorax with a long sharp crest behind collar ; abdomen without
tufts ; mid and hind tibiis without spines.

Sect. I. Male with antennce ciliated ; eyes without lashes.

1598. Pyrrhia umhra, mifn. Berl. Mag. m, 294. ...

Noctua iiiarginata, Fabv. Syst. Ent. 610 ; Kleem. Beitr. ii, pi. i,

figs. 6, 8 ; a Si S. no. 1753.
Noctua rutilaso, Schiff. Wien. Verz. 86, 4. ^
Noctua umhrago, Esp. Schmett. iv, pi. 185, fig-"- '> 8.
Noctua conspicua, Bork. Eur. Schmett. iv, p. 123, no. 6U.
Noctua marginago, Haw. Lep. Brit. p. 235, no. 21/.

Head, thorax, and fore wing brownish yellow, the last with a

PYBBHXi, — ADISURA.

173

chestnut subbasal line ; antemedial, medial, and postmedial curved
lines which approach each other at inner margin, the first angled

below the cell, the second on median
nervure ; orbicular and reuiform stig-
mata outlined with chestnut ; the
area beyond the postmedial line suf-
fused with vinous ; a lunulate sub-
marginal line. Abdomen and hind
wing ochreous, the latter with a
fuscous lunula at end of cell and
broad marginal band; the margin
rufous. Underside with cell-spot
wing large ; a postmedial line with

Fig. 112. — Fyrrhiaumlra, tS .

on each wing, that on fore
fuscous and rufous beyond it.

Eab. Europe ; Amur
Exp. 40 milhm.

Japan ; N.W. Himalayas ;

Nagas.

Sect. II. Male with antennse fasciculated ; eyes with lashes.

1599. Pyrrhia cuprea, Moore, P. Z. S. 1867, p. 50, pi. 6, fio-. 8 : C *

no. 2149. J • V •

d' . Head and thorax purpHsh red-brown ; abdomen fuscous,
the extremity fulvous. Fore wing orange, suffused with purphsh
red-brown ; indistinct double-waved subbasal and antemedial red
lines ; the orbicular and reniform orange irrorated and outlined
with red; the claviform with red outline; the postmedial luie
dark and slightly curved; a submarginal dentate yellow line.
Hind wing fuscous brown, the costal area paler; cilia rufous!
Underside rufous, with traces of a postmedial line to both
wings.

One hind tibia has a single spine in accordance with its HeUothid
affinities.

Mab. Sikhim. Exp. 40 miUim.

Genus ADISURA.
Adisura, Moore, P. Z. S. 1881, p. 367.
Type, A. atlcinsoni, Moore.

Range. Sikhim, Assam HOls, and throughout Peninsular India
and Ceylon.

Differs from Pyrrhia in having the mid and hind tibite sparsely
spined ; thorax without the sharp crest.

1600. Adisura atkinsoni, Moore, P. Z. S. 1881, p. 368 nl 37 fie- fi •
a S. no. 1745. ^ ,i^-o,,u^.o,

Adisura leucanioides, Moore, P. Z. iS. 1881 d .'^68

no. 1747. ' ^' ' ^ ^-

174

Head,

Adisura

Hah.
Madras

ITOOTUIDjE,

thorax, and fore wing brownish ochreous, the kst with a
greyish tinge, the costal and outer areas
pinkish ; the orbicular and reniform
stigmata represented by indistinct dark
patches ; an indistinct postmedial series
of specks. Abdomen and hind wing
straw-yellow, the latter with the outer
area more or less broadly and completely
suffused with fuscous. Underside usually
with the reniform prominently black.
Sikhim ; Kagas ; Karachi and throughout the Bombay and
Presidencies ; Ceylon. Exp. 31 milHm.

Fig. 113.
atkinsoni, cj.

Genus HELIOTHIS.

Heliothis, Ochs. Eur. Schmett. iv, p. 91 0816).
Heliocheilua, Grote, Proc. Ent. Soc. Phd. iv, 1865, p. 328.

Type, H. dipsacea. Linn., from Europe.

ST-.^£r^^^S^e^ proboscis fully developed;
T^aWorrect the 2nd joint evenly clothed with long hair, the 3rd
?hortrncrdepressed; 1 short frontal tuft. Thorax and abdomen
S^Lt tufts'; foretibi^with a pair of ^J-^er terminal sp.n^ ;
mid and bind tibia, spined. Pore wing with veins 8 and 9 some
times given off from the end of the areole.

Sect I (HeliotJm). Males without hyahne patches on the fore
■ wing and distortion of the nervures.

1601. HeliotMs armigera,^^.. -Sa^^-^-^^^/^-^^

xuuj.. xj. r 8r S no. 1730: Kmpsn. 111. net. ix, pi-

?C) ;' MS>':lep.C^f^J- 150, %s. 1, la (larva).
Heliothis pulverosa, Wlk. Cat. xi, 088.

Heliothis corferta, Wlk. CffV-fl^l • C. ^- 5. no. 1738.

Heliothis succinea, Moore, P. Z. S- mii, P-iJ^-' ^■'^
Sehothis rubrescens, C. ^ S. no. 1736 {mo WIL).

Ochreons with a pale brown, olive, or red-brown tinge. Fore

jrjg 114:— Heliothis armigera, <S .

HELIOTHIS.

175

renifom inclisf inct ; postmedial and submargiual waved lines, the
space between them somewhat darker and with a series of pale or
dark specks on the nervules ; a marginal series of dark specks.
Hind wing white ; the veins fuscous ; a broad blackish outer border
usually with a pale submai-ginal central patch. Underside of
fore wing with the orbicular and reniform stigmata conspicuously
black ; a broad blackish band beyond the postmedial line ; the apices
of both wings and outer area of fore wing pinkish.

Larva. Dorsal area pale brown ; a lateral whitish band ; ventral
area pale green ; each segment with some black specks ; head red-
brown. Or green with a dark dorsal and two yellow lateral lines ;
the tlioracic somites speckled brown and black, 5th to lUth somites
with latei-al brown blotches, anal somite with an irregular black
dorsal mark. Feeds on rose-buds.

Hah. Universally distributed. Exp. 31-41 millim.

1602. Heliothis peltigera, SMff. Wien. Verz. 89, 2 ; C.SfS. no. 1734 ;

Boisd. Chen. Helioth. pi. ii, fig. 1 (larva).
Noctua barbara, Fabr. Ent. Si/st. iii, 2, p. Ill, no. 334.
Noctua fiorentina, iJs;?. Schmett. iv, pi. 135, fig. 2.
Noctua scutigera, Bnrhh. Schmett. Eur. iv, p. 03, no. 37.
Noctua straminea, Donov. Brit. Ins. ii, pi. 61.
Phalffina filphea, Cram. Pap. Exot. iii, pi. 250 f.
Phalsena charmione, 8toll, Cram. Pap. Exot. v, p. 162, pi. 36,

fig. 10.

Differs from armigera in being always ochreous. Tore wing
with reddish-brown patches on the costa, one small and antemedial,
one above the reniform which is prominent and with grey centre,
the other at the postmedial band. Underside with the reniform
prominent and black, but the orbicular obsolete.

Larva bright green, with darker green and fuscous short streaks
and blotches and white lateral line.

Bah. Europe ; TeneriiFe ; S. Africa ; Persia ; N.W. India, as
far south as Poona ; New Zealand. Exp. 40 millim.

1603. Heliothis nubigera, mrr.-Sdwfei; Ew. Schmett. ii, p. 366.
Heliothis perifjeoides, Moore, P. Z. S. 1881, p. 361; C. Sf S.

no. 1735.

Differs from armir/era in having the submarginal fuscous band
of fore wing more prominent, its outer edge deeply indented
between veins 5 and 6 ; the marginal series of black specks pro-
minent ; the underside much whiter.

Hah. Europe; Syria; Somaliland ; Dalhousie ; Cutch. E.vp.
38 minim.

1604. Heliothis SCUtosa, ScMf. Wien. Verz. 89, 1 ; E.ip. Schmett. Eur.

iv. pi. 108, figs. ], 2; C."^ S. no. 1737; Boisd. Chen. Helioth. pi. i,
figs. 1, 2 (larva).

Keddish brown. Pore wing with a subbasal black line from

176

NOCTUID^E.

costa to vein Ih; an antemeclial irregularly waved line ; the orbi-
cular and reniform stigmata outlined with black and placed on a
whitish patch ; a black dentate mark below the cell ; a postmedial
line excurved from costa to vein 3, then oblique and waved to niner
margin, the area between it and a series of submarginal blackish
lunules darker ; a series of small marginal black lunules. Hind
wino- suffused with reddish ochreous; a large black cell-spot with
a whitish patch beyond it ; a black postmedial hue ; a broad black
marginal baud usually with a pale patch at the centre of maipn.
Underside paler, the orbicular and reniform stigmata deep

The typical European race is much greyer and whiter than the

Eastern race. . » , ,

Larva green, with subdorsal and sublateral series of black specks

and yellow and black dorsal and lateral lines.

Eab. Europe ; Chma ; N.W. Himalayas. Kvjj. 34-38 millim.

Sect II (HdiocMlus). Males with large hyaline spaces on the
fore wiu<^ below the costa and in cell, with the wiug-membrane
ridged ; the costal nervure and veins 7 to 10 much curved.

*1605. Heliothis translucens, Feld. Reis. Nov. pi. 108, fig. 49; C.^-S.
no. 1757.

Pale brown. Eore wing crossed by ante- and postmedial
curved and waved lines, the latter with some white beymid it,
followed by a series of white specks with some dark suffusion
beyond them. Hind wing whitish, with a large black patch at end
of cell- a broad submarginal black band sending fascia to the
base in interno-median interspace and on inner margm.

Closely allied and possibly identical with E. uvflaU^, WUgr.,
from N. America and Hawau.

Eab. Urni, N.W. Himalayas. Ea-p. 28 millim.

Genus CHAEICLEA.

Chariclea, Curt. Brit. Ent pi. 76 (182.5).
Curubasa Moore, P. Z. -S. ISttl, p. 366.
Pradatta Moor. P Z S.1881,p^ 3fa4.

Dorika, Moore, P. Z. & 1881 p. 363
Masalia, Moore, R Z 1881 p. 364
Sophaga, Moore, P Z. S. 1881, p. 362.

Tvnp C delpMnii, Linn., from Europe. ^ _ .
isurope, Abysdni.; throughout lud.a, Burma, and

acute.

OHABICLEA.

177

Sbct. I. Hind wing in male with veins 3, 4 and 6, 7 from the cell.

1606. Chariclea marginalis, Wlk. Cat. xii, p. 830 ; C. S. no. 1748
Lurubasa cruentata, Moore, R Z. S. 1881, p. 367: C. &S no 174^
Curubasa margmata, Moore, P. Z. S. 1881, p. 367 • C &■ .9
no. 1/44. ' ^ , 9 o.

"^^^174?"'' ^' ^' P- P^' 20 ; <§• -S.

Adisura similis, Moore, P. Z. S. 1881, p. 369 ; C. ^ S. no. 1750.
Yellowish white. Eore wing with a broad pale pink fascia along
thecostaextendmg to the subcostal nervnre, and another alon^
inner margin extending to the middle of interno-median interspace •

ftconTmlrgLiTanr- ^^^'^ ^'^'^ ^^^^ ^ ^^^^^-^ i-^'
ban"? t JZ/; -^t^^' - --^-^1

Gan^t.^'-IifitCi^lfm.'^"' """"^'^^^^^ ^^^^"^ ^

1607. Chariclea lanceolata, rf77c. Ca^. xxxiii, p. 767 ; C.&S no 1743
Cm-ubasa depicta, Stoinh. Trans. Ent. Soc. 1891, p. 146, pL 8,'

Differs from marginalis m being pure white ; fore wing ^dth the

pink fascia3 broader and brighter ; a
yellowish patch at base ; hind wing
uniform white.

The form clepicta is larger, with
the fasciasof the fore wing purplish
pink; the hind wing suffused with

lUSCOUS.

m ■ , V^- Simla ; Mhow • TVilo-iri'?

CMa lanceolata. ^. i. Eccp., J 30, ? 30-40 m'inim.^

1608. Charidea decorata, Moore, p z. S. 1881, p. 365; C. ^ S.

6 . Differs from marginalis in the pink of the fore wine being
disposed as a fascia through the cell, and another in th7 interno?
median interspace ; an oblique band from apex to inner mar™-
the cdia pmk. Hind vnng uniform straw-coloui-. ° '

Mab. Jjharmsala, Exp. 20 millim.

1609. Chariclea bivittata, Wlk. Cat. ix, p. 108 ; C S,- 8. no. 1727.
Head and thorax chestnut; abdomen whitish. Eore win-
reddish orange ; a silvery fascia outlined with black from the oriS
o vein 2 to outer margin ; another above vein 1 h from the ba e" o
outer angle ; some white streaks defined with black on the veins S
outer margin. Hmd wing white. ^

Hah. Bombay Presidency; Moulmein. ^^73. 30 millim

VO-u, II, '

If

178 KOCTUID^.

1610. Chariclea sangtiiiiolenta, Moore, P. Z. S. 1881, p. 363; 6. <§• S.
Dmika ignea, Hmjjsn. Ill Het. viii, p. 70, pi. 144, fig. 21.

Head and tliorax reddish chestnut; abdomen whitish. Fore
wing bright golden ; the costa pale ; diffused coppery-red fascisB
along the'^costa, median and submedian nervures from base to outer
margin and from upper angle of cell to outer margin ; traces of
dark specks at the angles of cell and of a curved postmedial series ;
cilia white, slightly tinged with pink at apex and outer angle.
Hind wing yellowish white.

The form' ignea from the Nilp;iris has some black on head and
thorax ; the fore wing with diffused black on costa, median and
submedian nervures, and on outer margin below apex ; the specks
at angles of cell and the postmedial series prominent ; ciHa bright
pink.

Eah. Bombay; Nilgiris. Eccp. 30-3/ millim.

1611. Chariclea sinuata, Moore, P. Z. S. 1881, p. 363; C. S,- S.
110. 1766.

Head, thorax, and fore wing golden orange, suffused wit;h fer-
ruo-inous red. Fore wing with an indistinct antemedial dentate
line ; a speck on discocellulars ; oblique dentate postmedial line and
series of marginal black specks. Hind wing pale ochreous, suftused
M'ith fuscous.

Hah. Bombay. Exp. 34 millim.

1612 Chariclea beatrix, Moore, P. Z. S. 1881, p. 365 ; Sioinh. P. Z. S.
1886, pi. 41, fig. 5; C.^S. no. 1726.
MasaUa tosta, Moore, P. Z. S. 1888, p. 411.
Masalia rosacea, Hmpsn. III. Het ym, v- y-;^-^,
Masalia terracotta, mnps7i. lU. Bet. ^'in,p. / I, pl- 144, lig.
Masalia radiata, Moore, R Z. S. 1881, p. 364 ; C. ^- S. no. l/oo.

Head and thorax pale brownish pink; abdomen white. Fore
wing with the apex sometimes acute ; whitish, with a broad pale
pink fascia on the costal area; another along median nervure
expanding between veins 2 and 5, and conjoined to a broad fascia
on inner%rea. Hind wing white, tmged with pmk on outer

'^''In rosacea and terracotta from the NDgiris there is hardly a trace
of white in the intern o-median interspace of fore Nving, and the
hind wing is fuscous ; the latter has the fore wing yelloN.ish pink,
w th some fuscous below the median nervure. _ In a form from
BalaSn there is hardly any white on fore wnig, the inner area
S vvSct as well as the hind wing, is suffused with fuscous : tosta
has the fore ^ving almost wholly pink, the hind wing white.

The form racLa is dusky pink ; fore w ng with white streaks
bevond cell and below median nervure; hmd wmg fuscous.

Eat Baluchistan ; N.W. Himalayas ; Mhow ; Canara ; iXilgms.
Exp. 22-30 millim.

CHARICLEA. 179

1613. Chariclea aureola, Wlk. Cat. ix, p. 108; C. S,- S. no. 1722.
Dorika curta, Swinh. Trans. Eiit. Soc. 1891, p. 146.

Differs from heatrix in having a series of black marginal specks
to the fore wing; the hind wing pure white.

In the form curta the fore wing is rather shorter, and there
are traces of specks on the outer margin of hind wing.

Hob. Bombay; Mhow; Poena; Canara. Exp. 30-36 milUm.

1614. Chariclea uncta, Swinh. P. Z. S. 1885, p. 449, pi. 27 fio- 12-

C. ^-S. no. 1751. ^ ' ^ > o-

_ d . Head, thorax, and fore wing brownish ochreous, the last
with a pinkish tinge on costal area, and some fuscous suffusion on
inner area; a postraedial curved series of dark strigas on the
neryules ; cilia pink. Hind whig pale, suffused with fuscous.
Abdomen pale.

ffab. Bombay. Exp. 26 millim.

1615, Chariclea irrorata, Moore, P. Z. S. 1881, p. 364; C. ^- S. no. 1764.

_ 2 . Differs from unctain the fore wing being uniform pink, with
slight irroration and postmedial series of dark specks.
Hab. N.W. Himalayas ; Sikhim. Exp. 32 millim.

1616. Chariclea bimaculata, 31oore, P. Z. S. 1888, p 41 1 • Pnf/ in

Het. vii, p. 67, pi. 129, 12. ' ^ >

Ai-siloncba roseana, Swinh. Trans. Ent. Soc. 1890, p. 220 pi vi
fig. 17. r ) 1 • ,

Pradatta pallescens, Hmpsn. III. Het. viii, p. 70, pi. 144 fio- .5
Pradatta pulverulenta, Hmpsn. III. Het. viii, p. 71, pi. IM^Iig.'ll

Head, thorax, abdomen, and fore wing pale straw-colour the
last with a dark speck at end of cell ; the veins slightly tincred'with
pale pink. o j &

The Nilgiri lovm. pallescem is much larger than the typical form
and ui pulverulenta there is a diffused fuscous fascia on the fore
wing from the base along median nervure to outer margin, and a
small patch at base of vein lb.

In roseana the black specks at end of cell are absent

225?mimm™''''''' ' ^"^S^"'' Exp.

1617. Chariclea artaxoides, Moore, P. z. S 1881, p. 3G6- C &■ s
no. 1/ 2o. ' > o.

Curubasa calamaria, Moore, P. Z. S 1881, p. 367 • C &■ -«?
no. 1/41. J f ' , 1.^. q- o.

Pradatta modesta, Moore, P. Z. S. 1881, p. 366 ; C. ^ S no. 1729.

Uniform bright straw-colour, with a fulvous tinge; abdomen
and hind wnng with a slight fuscous suffusion.
In the form modesta the hind wing is whitish
Jfab. N.W. Himalayas ; Mainpuri ; Bombay. Exp. 27 millim

n2

]|^gO NOCTUIDA.

Sect U Palpi shorter ; hind wing of male with veins 3 and 4
on a long stalk, 6 and 7 on a short stalk.

1618. Chariclea dora, Swinh. Tram. Ent. Soc. 1891, p. 147.

Head, thorax, and fore wing reddish ochreous ; the last
with' an indistinct diffused dark patch on _ discocellulars and a
curved submarginal diffused fuscous band jomed by an oblique
streak from the apex. Abdomen and hind wing yellowish white.

2 with the fore wing unmarked.

Hab. Khanddla. Eccp., 6 26, $ 30 miUun.

Genus EAGHUVA.
Eaghuva, Moore, P. Z. S. 1881, p. 362.
Type, B. confertissima, Wlk.

Eanae. Coiinbatore. _ j-, • a

Differs from Chariclea in having the mid and hind tibise armed

with spines.

1619. Eaghuva confertissima, Wlk. Cat. xxxii, p. 625; C. S.
no. 1724. .
^ Head and thorax brownish ochreous. Eore wmg brownish
ochreous, shghtly suffused with ferruginous, especially along

Sig. \\<o.—Baghuva confertissima, S . \.

median nervnre ; a black spot at end of cell and proininent post-
meS and marginal series of black specks. Abdomen and
hind wing yellowish white. Underside of fore wnig with the
black cell-spot promment.

Eab. Coimbatore. Exp. 30 uulhm.

Genus AGEOTIS.

Affi-otis, Ochs. Eur. Schnett. iv, p. 66 (1816).
GiVi^hora, Ochs. Eur. SolmeU^^,V- 08.
Peridi-oma, Hiibn. Verz. p. 227 (1818;.
AxyUa, IlUbn. Verz. p. 242.
Chera, Miibn. Verz. p. 211.
Amatlies, Hilbn. Verz. p. 222

Spffilotis, Boisd. hid. Meth. p. 106 (1810).

Type, A. segetis, Schiff.
jiange. Universally distributed.

AGROTIS.

181

Eyes naked and without lashes ; proboscis fully formed ; palpi
obliquely porrect, the 2nd joint evenly scaled, the 3rd prominent.
Thorax and abdomen without tufts, the latter somewhat flattened.
Tibiae very strongly spined. Pore wing with the outer margin
not crenulate ; hind wing with veins 3 and 4 from cell.

Sect. L {Afjrotis). Males with the antenna; bipectiuate,
the branches of moderate length.

1620. Agrotis segetis, Schiff. Wien. Verz. x>. 252 : id. Wien. Verz 81
12, figs. 3 a, b; a ^- S. no. 2000.
Cavadrina triturata, Wlk. Cat. x, p. 295.
Agrotis aversa, JFlk. Cat. x, p. 345 ; C. ^- S. no. 1982.
Agrotis marginalis, Wlk. Cat. x, p. 339.
Agrotis obliviosa, Wlk. Cat. x, p. 340.
Agrotis divideus, Wlk. Cat. x, p. 342.
Agrotis correcta, Wlk. Cat. x, p. 345 ; C. ^ S. no. 1987.
Agrotis conspurcata, Wlk. Cat. xxxii, p. 696 ; C. ^ S. no. 1986
Agrotis repulsa, Wlk. Cat. xxxii, p. 696 ; C. S,- S. no. 1999.
Agrotis certificata, Wlk. Cat. xxxii, p. 697.
Agrotis lassa, SwM. F. Z. S. 1886, p. 444 ; C. ^ S. no. 1993.

Whitish brown, pale brown, or fuscous ; palpi darker at sides •
collar with dark line ; abdomeu whitish. Pore wing with double
waved subbasal ante- and postmedial lines; an obscure waved
submargiual line and marginal series of specks ; the orbicular and

Fig. 117. — Agrotis segetis, ^ . \.

reniform with dark centres and edges; the claviform small and
black; all these markings being much obscured in the dark speci-
mens. Hind wmg iridescent white with dark marginal line, and
in some specimens with dark suffusion on the margin.

Hab. Europe ; and throughout India and Ceylon. Exp. 42-48

1621. Agrotis corticea, Schiff. Wien. Verz 81 13

Agrotis fraterna, Moore, Lap. Ath. p. 116 c' ^ S. no. 1988.

Differs from ser/etis in the antemedial double lines of the fore
wing being prominent ; the hind wing tinged with fuscous brown!

Hab. Europe; Madagascar; N.W. Himalayas; Sikhim •
Nagas; jNilgiris. 40-42 miUim. ou.nim ,

182

NOOTUID^.

1622. Agrotis Mconica, KoU. KugeVs Kaschmir,'w, p. 480.
AgTotis exigua, Kull. Jlih/el's Kaschmir, iv, p. 481.
A^rotia spiculifera, G-'weJi. -?^oc<. i, p. 266. -r rr , •••

A^rotls aristifera, Guen. Noct. i, p. 266; Moore, Lep. Ceyl. in,
pi. 147, fig. 6; C. <§■ -S. no. 1981.
Differs from secjetis in having the subbasal ante- and postraedial
lines of the fore wing almost or quite obsolete ; the submargmal
Ime strongly dentate, with dark streaks on it ; the orbicular elongate,
with a dark streak from it to the renif orm ; the clanf orm very
elongate and filled in with black.

Hah. S. Africa ; Is .W. Himalayas ; Punjab ; Sikhim ; throughout
the Bombay and Madras Presidencies ; Ceylon. Exp. 38 mUhm.

1623. Agrotis ypsilon, i?oft, XI, p. 141.

Noctua suftusa, Fabr. Mant. Ins. ii, p. 157 ; Moore, Lep. Ceyl. m,

pi. 147, fig. 6 ; C.SrS. no. 2001. _ _
Phalsena idonea, Crcmi. Pap. Exot. ui, pi. 2/6 h.
Bumbyx spinula, Esp. Schmett. ui, pi. 63, fags, b, 7.
Differs from segetis in the fore wing being more suffused with
brown, and with a black streak beyond the renitorm : the sub-
marginal Une dentate, with two black streaks on at below the apex.
Hind wing more or less suffused with fuscous brown.

Hab. Universally distributed, except S. America. Ea^p. 42-5b
millim.

1624. Agrotis ocliracea, Wlh. Cat. xxxii, p. 657 ; C. 8r S. no. 2130.

Giaphiphora viaria, Swink. P. Z. 5,1889, p. 412.
Hadeua ruptistriga, Wlk. Cat. xxxin, p. 739 ; C. ^ S. bo. 1941.
Graphiphora fTontalis, Moore, Lep Ceyl. ni P 3oj Bmpsn. El.
Het.VL, pi. 161, figs. 20, 21 ; C 8> S. no. 2013.
Ochreous, grey-brown, or red-brown ; palpi dark at sides. Pore
wing with double subbasal and antemedial waved hues ; the
orbicular and reniform stigmata large in the form '-i^f '^wS
a black spot between them and a triangular black spot betore the
orbicular! the reniform often filled in with grey or chestnut ; a
diffused angled medial fuscous band; a double lunu ate curved
pSlmedialline; asubmarginal pale line and marginal crenulate
finrk line Hind wing fuscous brown or red-bro\™.

larEawarPindirDharmsala;Thandidni; Sikhim ; Ceylon.

Exp. 41 millim.

1625. Agrotis olivascens, n. sp.

Eeddish olive ; palpi chestnut at sides ^^^^
dark streak below median nerviu-e from base ; orbicular pale , rem
t-m a palelunule; the postmedial doable ^-^^X beyond
series of indistinct lunules with specks on the ^^^^^^^ ^g^^^*
them. Hind wing pale fuscous; -^^^^ "^^^-f^^j^^^ ■ j""''
Underside with cell-spot and postmedial line to 1" " ^

Hah. Sikhim. Exp. 38 millim. Type 6 m coll. Elwes, ? m a. M.

AGROTIS.

183

Sect. 11. Antenna of males bipectinate, the brauches very short.

1626. Agrotis brevirami, n. sp.

d . Head and thorax reddish grej-brown. Tore wing reddish
grey-brown, with very indistinct double waved subbasal and ante-
medial hnes ; a diffused medial line angled on median uervm-e ;
the orbicular and reniform small and very indistinct ; the Imiulate
poslmedial hue and irregular sinuous submarginal Hue indistinct.
Abdomen and hind wing fuscous browu.

Muh. Mussooree {Harford). Exp. 34 millim. Type in B. M.

1627. Agrotis monticola, n. sp.

d . Grey. Fore wing with indistinct subbasal ante- and post-
medial double waved lines ; orbicular and reniform with slight dark
outlines; some pale specks on costa towards apex; an irregularly
lunulate pale submargmal line ; a marginal series of specks. Hind
wiiig fuscous ; underside paler, with cell-spot and indistmct post-
medial line.

Hah. Lahoul, 12,000 feet. Exp. 38 millim. TypeincoU. Elwes.

Sect. ni. {Peridroma). Antennas of male with fasciculated cilia.

1628. Agrotis intracta, Wlk. Cat. x, p. 346; C. ^ iS. no. 1991.

Euscous brown ; the hind wmg dark fuscous ; markings as in
ser/etis.

Hah. Dharmsala ; N"epal, Exp. 46 miUim.

1 629. Agrotis sikMma, Moore, P. Z. S. 1867, p. 53 ; C. ^ S. no. 2079.
Smoky black; bead and thorax with some white scales. Pore

wing with the hnes ill defined ; a white speck followed by a black
patch in interno-median interspace; the orbicular and reniform
white ; the medial area u-rorated with white scales ; three black
streaks on the submarginal line. Hind wing whitish, suffiised with
fuscous towards outer margin.

One specimen has the collar white.

Huh. yikhim. Ex^). 36 mdlim.

1630. Agrotis undulans, Moore, A. M.N. H. (5) i,p. 233, & 2nd Yar-

kand Mission, pi. 1, fig. 10 ; C. 8f S. no. 2007.

c?. Pale ochreous brown. Eore wing with traces of double
waved subbasal ante- and postmedial hues and single waved sub-
marginal line. Hind wing with the cilia white.

Hab. Tarkand ; S. Afghanistan ; Karachi. Exp. 44 milhm.

1631. Agrotis plecta, Linn. Syst. Nat. p. 851; Kirby, Eur. Butt. Moths,

pi. 30, fig-. 4 a (larva).
Ochropleura vicaria, Wlk. Cat. x, p. 409.

Ocliropleura custalis, Moore, P. Z. S. 1807, p. 56 ; C.& S. no ^02]
Ochropleura ignota; Swinh. P. Z. S. 1889, p. 411.

184

NOCTTJIDiE.

Bright reddish chestnut ; palpi dark at sides ; collar pale with a
black line through it. Pore wing short and square, with a broad
white costal fascia from base to postmedial line, usually with a
black fascia below it ; the ante- and postmedial lines single, in-
distinct, and curved ; the submarginal line almost obsolete ;
orbicular and reniform small with white outline ; clavil'orm almost
obsolete ; a marginal series of dark specks. Hind wing white,
sometimes with a reddish tinge.

Larva brown ; the ventral area yellow ; fine dark lines on dorsal
area ; stigmata black.

Hah. N. America; Europe; S. Africa ; Japan; Sikhim ; Ceylon.
Exp. 34 milHm.

1632. Agrotis conformis, Swinh. Trans. Ent. Soc. 1885, p. 349, pi. 9

iig. 6 ; C. c5- S. no. 1984.

. Uniform ochreous ; the hind wing ochreous white.
Eab. Quetta. Kvp. 38 millim.

1633. Agrotis cespitis, Swinh. Trans. Ent. Soc. 1885, p. 349, pi. ix,

%. 4 ; C.is. no. 1983.

cJ , Pale ochreous ; collar with a line through it. Fore wing
with indistinct double subbasal ante- and postmedial waved lines
and waved submarginal line ; orbicular, reniform, and claviform
with indistinct dark outlines ; a marginal dark line. Hind wing
ochreous white.

Hub. Quetta. Exp. 32 millim.

Sect. IV. (Chera). Aatennae of male minutely ciliated,
A. Hind wing with tlie apex sliglitly produced.

1634. Agrotis tenuis, Butl. Ml. JEet. vii, p. 57, pi. 127, fig. 12.

cJ. Head aud thorax bright chestnut-red; abdomen paler.
Pore wing chestnut-red ; the orbicular and reniform large and on
a dark patch ; the postmedial waved line indistinct ; the sub-
marginal hne regularly curved, except that it is bent inwards below
the costa. Hind wing pale red, the cilia chestnut. Underside of
fore wing fuscous, the costal and outer areas reddish ; hind wing
pale reddish, the costal area darkest ; a cell-spot and indistinct
postmedial line.

Hah. Laka, Kangra, N.W. Himalayas. Exp. 40 milhm.

B. Hind wing with the apex rounded.

1635. Agrotis descripta, Brem. Lcp. Ost-Sib. p. 61, pi. iv, fig. 11

CeS?subdolen3, Butl. Trans. Ent. Soc. 1881, p. 181.
Grnpbiphora basistriga, Moore, P. Z. S. 186/ , p. &4; C. e,- C
no. 2008

AGEOTIS.

185

Grnpliiphora vulpina, Monre, Lep. Atk. p. 118 ; C. Sf S. no. 2019.
Grnphiphora rubi cilia, Moore, P. Z. S. 1807, p. 55 ; C. i.^- S.
DO. 2017.

Grapliiphora canescens, Butl. III. Set. ii, p. 28, pi. 30, fig. 1.
Orthosia erubescens, Bictl.A. M. N. R. (5) v, p. 224; C. 8fS. no. 1914.
Grapbiphora flavirena, Moore, P. Z. S. 1881, p. 352, pi. 38, iig. 3 ;
C. Sf 8. no. 2012.

Graphipbora nigrosigna, Moore, P. Z. S. 1881, p. 352, pi. 38, fig. 4 ;

C. i.^- S. no. 2015.
Cbera efiiorescens, Hmpsn. III. Set. viii, p. 78, pi. 145, fig. 7.
Cbera erubescens, Hmpsn. III. Het. viii, p. 78, pi. 145, fig. 14.

Puscous or purplish grey-brown, pale or dark red-brown, or
bright red or golden brown. Palpi black at sides, or pink in the
goldea specimens. Pore wing with the subbasal, ante- and post-
medial waved lines indistinct, the last much curved ; the sub-
marginal line pale and angled below the costa ; the orbicular and
renit'orm indistinct, the latter often with the upper part ochreous
or reddish, the lower part fuscous; the claviform small and
obsolescent, sometimes filled in with black. Hind wing pale or
dark fuscous; cilia of both wings reddish. Underside with a
postmedial line doubly curved on hind wing, which has a cell-spot.

Bescripta=subdolens=canescens are reddish forms ; hasistriga is
yellowish chestnut with distinct markings ; rubicilia golden brown
with the markings indistinct ; efflorescens and erubescens from the
Nilgiris are vinous grey-brown with very indistinct markings, the
latter with the claviform black.

Hah. Japan ; N. W. Himalayas ; Sikhim ; Nilgiris. Exp. 32-40
millim.

1636. Agrotis cerastoides, Moore, P. Z. S. 1867, p. 64; C. & S.

no. 2009.

Apamea nubila, Moore, P. Z. S. 1881, p. 346, pi. 38, fig. 10 ; C. Sr S.
no. 2057.

Differs from descripta in being dark purplish grey ; the post-
medial double line of fore wing rhore prominent and evenly
curved.

Hab. Simla ; Sikhim. Exp. 32-40 millim.

1637. Agrotis cnrviplena, Wlk. Cat. xxxiii, p. 715 ; C. S. no. 1913.

Head and thorax clothed with ochreous and rufous hair ; abdo-
men fuscous. Fore wing ochreous and rufous ; the double
subbasal and antemedial waved lines prominent ; the orbicular,
reniform, and claviform large with rufous outlines ; an indistinct
medial line angled below the costa in cell and on median nervure ;
a lunulate postmedial line ; the submarginal line straight and dark
rufous ; a marginal fine line. Hind wing dark fuscous, the cilia
ochreous. Underside of fore wing fuscous, with the costal and
outer areas reddish ochreous ; hind wing reddish ochreous, with
irregular postmedial line.

Hab. Sikhim. Exp. 40 millim.

186

nootuid;e.

1638. Agrotis cervina, Moore, P. Z. S. 18G7, p. 47, pi. 6, fig. 18;

C. Sj' S. no. 1704.

S . Head and thorax purplish grey ; palpi and pectus bright
chestnut; abdomen reddish, i'ore wing purplish grey; a double
subbasal chestnut line with a speck beyond it ; double curved
antemedial and slightly vinous postmedial lines, the area between
them suffused with chestnut ; the orbicular grey, large, and obhque ;
the reniform dark and indistinct ; an indistinct waved chestnut
sub marginal line ; a marginal series of specks ; cilia i"eddi.sh.
Hind wing and underside reddish brown ; the latter with post-
medial line to both wings.

Bab. Sikhim. Exj). 46 millim.

1639. Agrotis albipennis, mal. III. Het. vii, p. 58, pi. 127, fig. 13.

Pale red-brown ; palpi chestnut at sides ; collar with dark edge ;
abdomen pale, chestnut at extremity. Pore wing pale red-brown ;
the subbasal line deep black from costa to above vein 1 ; the ante-
medial waved line very oblique, narrowing from a deep black spot
on costa ; the orbicular and reniform defined by fine lines and
incomplete above and below, the latter with a dark line in centre ;
claviform defined by a fine line ; an obliquely curved medial line
with a diffused darker shade beyond it ; the postmedial line slightly
waved and incurved at vein 3, arising from a black speck on costa ;
submarginal and marginal lines, the former slightly angled below
costa, where there is a dark shade inside it. Hind wing ochreous
white in male, fuscous in female.

Hah. Dharmsala. Ea-p. 40 millim.

1640. Agrotis putris, Linn. Syst. Nat. p. 850 ; Buckler, Brit. Butt.

Moths, pi. 62, tig-. 5 (larva).
Axylia lignosa, Hiibn. Eur. Sclimett. Noct. fig. 245.
Axylia iriseriata, Moore, P. Z. 1888, p. 409 ; C. ^- S.

no. 1716 A.

Head and collar whitish red-brown ; thorax red-brown ; abdomen
fuscous. Pore wing ochreous white ; the costal area suffused
with red-brown ; the basal area streaked with red-brown as far as
the highly dentate double antemedial line ; orbicular and reniform
with dark centres and outline ; claviform dentate and obsolescent ;
the postmedial line consisting of a series of small luuules, the
submarginal line of a double series of specks ; a marginal series ot
specks with some red-brown marks on margin. Hind wing whitish
with slight brown suffusion.

Larva fuscous ; the head black ringed with yellow ; thoracic
somites with two pairs of dark stripes ; the other somites with sub-
dorsal and lateral series of black spots and pale sublateral me ;
some yellow on 4th and anal somites. Another form has black
specks on the thoracic somites and diu-k double dorsal bauds and

AGEO'XIS.

187

Jateral stripes instead of spots on the other somites ; the yellow
coufined to the terminal somites.

Bah. Europe; Japan; Dharmsala. Exp. 40 milHm.

1641. Agrotis renalis, 3Ioore, P Z. S. 1881, p. 341 ; C. ^ 8. no. 1715.

Differs itomputris in the orbicular and reniform stigmata being
smaller; a blackish fascia from the former to the outer margin
below apex ; ciha chequered brown and pale.

Hah. N.W.Himalayas; Punjab; Sind. Exp. 36 milUm.

1642. Agrotis dispalata, Smnh. Trans. Ent. Soc. 1891, p. 145.

Differs from renalis in the dark fascia of the fore wiug being
interrupted at the middle ; the hind wing pure white.
Eab. Poona ; Khandala. Ex2:). 28 milUm.

1643. Agrotis niveisparsa, Butl. El. Set. vii, p. 54, pi. 127, fig. 11.

cJ . Head, thorax, and fore wing dark brown irrorated with grey,
the last with the subbasal, ante- and postmedial double waved
lines somewhat indistinct ; the orbicular and reniform large, not
prominent, and outlined with ochreous and black, a dark shade
round the reniform ; a submarguial series of ochreous specks, those
towards the costa ha-ving dark dashes before them ; a marginal
series of black points; three white specks on costa towards apex.
Abdomen and hind wing dark fuscous, the latter with a dark
lunule at end of cell and postmedial band on underside.

Eah. Dharmsala. Exp. 40 millim.

1644. Agrotis griseivena, n. sp.

5 . Head and collar reddish ; thorax and abdomen grey. Pore
wing pale red-brown ; the basal three-fourths of costa grey ; the
median nervure and veins 1, 3, and 4 as far as the submarginal
line gi'ey ; the subbasal and antemedial double waved lines indis-
tinct towards costa, black below the cell ; the orbicular, reniform,
and claviform with black and grey outlines ; the postmedial lunu-
late line black and grey ; a submarginal slightly waved very
prominent grey line ; a marginal lunuiate black line ; base of cilia
ochreous. Hind wing pale fuscous. Underside with postmedial
sinuous line to both wings.

Eab. Dalhousie (Harford). Exp. 40 millim. Type in B. M.

1645. Agrotis ravida, Schiff. Wien. Verz. p. 80.
Noctua ohscura, Brahm, Ins. Kal. i, p. 191.
Noctua bigramma, Esp. Schmett. Eur. pi. 160, fig. 2.
Noctua obducla, Esp. Schmett. Eur. pi. 142, fig. 4.
Noctua austera, Esp. Schmett. Eur. pi. 142, fig. 5.
Graphipbora valida, Wlk. Cat. xxxiii, p. 711 ; C. ^ S. no. 2018 a.

Grey-brown, sometimes with a reddish tinge. Pore wing with
a black streak from base below median nervure ; the subbasal double

188

NO0TUIDJ3.

black line waved, the antemedial dentate ; the orbicular and reni-
form with black outlines, and often with a black streak between
them, the former often elongate ; claviform naiTOW and often
obsolete ; the double waved postmedial Une curved and iudistinct ;
three pale specks on costa towards apex ; the submarginal pale
line indistinct. Underside of both wings with a postmedial line.

Hab. N. America ; Europe ; Japan ; China ; Thandiani, Punjab.
Exp. 48 milim.

1646. Agrotis modesta, Moore, P. Z. S. 1881, p. 351 ; C. ^- S.

no. 1994.

Speelotis ambigua, Butl. III. JSet. vii, p. 64, pi. 128, figs. 10, 11.

Differs from ravida in being pale or dark red-brown ; the
abdomen and hind wing dark fuscous. Fore wing with no black
streak from base ; the antemedial double line waved ; the orbicular
rounded ; claviform present. Underside without postmedial line ;
hind wing with a dark spot at end of cell.

Hab. Uharmsala. Ex2}. 44 millim.

1647. Agrotis c-nigrum, Linn. Syst. Nat. p. 852 ; C. ^ S. no. 2016 ;

Hiibn. Eur. Sckmett. Nod. pi. 24, fig. Ill ; Hmpsn. III. Het. ix,

pi. 176, fig. 4 (larva).
Bombyx non-atrum, Esp. Schmett. Eur. iii, text, p. 385.
Noctua gothica, var. singularis, Esp. Schmett. Eur. iii, pi. 76, fig. 3.

Head, thorax, and fore wing dark brown or red-brown. Palpi
black at sides ; collar whitish, tipped with brown, and with a fuscous
line on it ; abdomen fuscous. Fore wing with double subbasal
and antemedial evenly curved black lines ; a pale triangular patch
from the middle of costa obliterating the orbicular, which has ti-i-
angular black patches before and after it ; reniform large, pale and
fuscous, and defined by inner and outer lines ; claviform small and
indistinct ; an indistinct double waved and much curved postmedial
line with a series of dark specks on it ; the submarginal hue indis-
tinct, angled and defined by black below the costa. Hind wmg
whitish, suffused with fuscous. Underside with indistinct post-
medial line and cell-spot to hind wing.

Larva pink, with a broad dark brown subdorsal band ; a lateral
yellow band with brown spots on it ; head red-brown.

Hab. N.America; Europe; Japan ; N.W. Himalayas ; Khasis;
Bombay ; Nilgiris ; Ceylon. Exp. 44 millim.

1648. Agi'Otis ditrapezium, Borkh. Schmett. Eur. iv, p. 515; C.Sf S.

no. 2023.

Noctua tristigma, Treitsche, Ochs. Eur. Schmett. v, p. 243.
Ochropleuia consanguiuea, Moore, F. Z. S. 1881, p. 353 ; C. ^- S.

no. 2020. , „

Ochropleura renalis, Moore, P. Z. S. 1867, p. 55; C. ^- S.

no. 2025.

Differs from c-nirp-um in the collar being usually of the ground-
colour, sometimes rufous. Fore wing with the whole costal area

AGEOTIS.

189

concolorous or with a whitisli fascia from the base to postmedial
line; orbicular grey-brown and forming a complete circle, the cell
on each side of it black. Hind wing darker fuscous.

The form renalis has the double antemedial lines of the fore
wing \\\t\i two siuuations, instead of oblique and minutely dentate ;
the hind mng darker.

Hah. N.W. Himalayas. Exp. 50-58 millim.

1649. Agrotis junctura, Moore, P. Z. S. 1881, p. .351 ; C. ^- S.

no. 1992.

cj . Differs from ditrapezmm in the subbasal and antemedial lines
of fore wing being inwardly oblique ; the orbicular oval and
oblique.

Hah. Dalhousie. Exp. 42 millim.

1650. Agrotis flammatra, Fahv. Slant. Ins. ii. p. 155; C. ^ S.

no. 2024.

Agrotis basiclavis, Wlk. Cat x, p. 346.

Differs from c-nigrum in being pale brown ; the collar brown
with a deep black triangular mark. Fore wing with a broad pale
costal fascia from the base to postmedial line; no subbasal line
but a black streak from the base below median nervure ; orbicular
pale, rounded, aud joined to the costal fascia ; reniform pale ; the
area in the cell outlining the stigmata varying from brown to dark
fuscous ; claviform almost obsolete ; a marginal series of dark specks.
Hind wing fuscous brown.

Hah. Europe ; N.W. Himalayas ; Punjab ; Sikhim. E.ip.
56 millim.

1657. Agrotis triangularis, Moore, P. Z. S. 1867, p. 55; C. S)- 8.
no. 2027.

Differs from _^amma^m in being dark purplish red-brown; the
collar white, tinged with rufous in front of the triangular black
mark ; costal fascia white or tinged with rufous ; the orbicular
subtriangular ; the cell not darker than the ground-colour ; the
ante- and postmedial double lines rufous. Hind wing dark
fuscous.

Hah. Japan ; N.W. Himalayas ; Sikhim ; Satara ; Nilgiris.
Exp. 48 millim.

1652. Agrotis accipiter, Fekl. Rcis. Nov. pi. Ill, fig. 29 ; C. S.
no. 2261.

Head and collar yellowish white ; thorax and abdomen brown.
Fore wing brown ; the costal area suffused with grey-green ;
subbasal, ante- and postmedial waved black lines ; the orbicular
and reniform large with some dark suffusion round them, the
latter with grey centre; an indistinct submarglnal line with a

190

koctuid;®.

dark dash on it below the costa ; a marginal irregular lunulate
line. Hind wing pale yellow, with a broad fuscous mai'ginal band.
Hah. Pangi, Ladak; Sikhira. Exp. 48 rnillim.

1653. Agrotis pronuba, Linn. Syst. iV^nf. p. 842; Boisd. Chen. Koct.
pi. ix, figs. 4, o, 6 (larva).
Agrotis innuba, Treitscko, Eur. Schmett. v, 1, p. 265.
TriphfEiia pronuba, var. hoegei, Hen-.-Schafet; Neue Schmett. p. 25,
figs. 117, 118.

Triphffina subsequa, Koll. (nec Treitsche) HiiyeVs Kaschmir, iv,
p. 478.

Head and collar brownish white, the latter with a red-brown
line through it and dark tip ; palpi red-brown at sides ; thorax
red-brown or fuscous ; abdomen reddish ochreous. Eore wing
greyish fuscous or red-brown ; the medial and inner areas suffused
with fuscous ; the subbasal, ante- and postmedial double waved lines
somewhat indistinct ; orbicular filled in with grey, the reniform
with fuscous ; the claviform obsolete ; the waved submarginal line
defined with black below the costa; a marginal lunulate line.
Hind wing bright yellow, with a broad irregular submarginal black
band.

Larva yellow, mth the ventral area green, a series of short
subdorsal* black streaks, the stigmata black; or purplish grey, with
a yellow dorsal line and yellow marks below the black strealcs ; or
purplish grey varied with brown, the ventral area green, a lateral
brown and yellow line.

Hal. Europe ; Dharmsala, Exp. 60 millim.

*1654. Agrotis ? cuprea, Moore, P. Z. S. 1867, p. 64 ; C. Sr S. no. 2272.

Dark red-brown. Tore wing with double waved subbasal and
antemedial black lines ; the orbicular and claviform spots large
and black ; a black quadrate spot in end of cell ; the remform with
black outline ; the median nervure, discocellulars, and bases of
veins 3, 4, 5 pale ; a pale submarginal line with a series of black
spots on its inner edge ; a waved black marginal line. Hmd wmg
copper-colour.

Hab. " Bengal." Exp. 56 millim.

Genus AMPHIPYEA.

Amphipyra, Ochs. Schmett. Eur. iv, ^. 70 (1816).
Apopeates, Hubn. Verz. p. 275 (1818).

Type, A. trar/op>ogonis, Linn., from Europe. _
i/anr/e. Europe ;■ Japan; Himalayas; Khasi Hills.
Eyes naked and without lashes; proboscis fully formed ; palpi
upturned, the 2nd joint reaching vertex of head the 3rd prominent ;
antenna, simple in both sexes; thorax and abdomen without
tofts, the latter flattened; tibia, without spnies. Fore wmg of
rather even breadth throughout; the outer margin nearly erect;
cilia crenulate.

AMPHIPTEA,

191

Sect. 1. (AmpUpijra). Palpi with the 2nd joint smoothly scaled.

1655. AmpMpyra monolitlia, Guen. Nod. ii,p. 414 -,0.^8. no. 2258.
Amphipyra surnia, Feld. Reis. Nov. pi. 112, fig. 17.

Head and thorax dark chocolate ; abdomen fuscous. Tore wing
with the waved subbasal and antemedial double lines filled in with

Fig. 118. — Amphipyra monolitha, \.

silvery grey; the orbicular small and silvery; the postmedial
waved line bent inwards below the costa, and with diffused silvery
grey on its outer edge ; a submarginal series of Hi-defined silvery-
grey lunules, those towards the costa having black streaks inside
them and joined by grey streaks to a marginal series of specks.
Hind wing coppery red, the costal area suffused with red-brown ;
underside with cell-spot and broad marginal band. The silvery
grey of fore wing may be replaced by pale brown.

Hah. Japan; N.China; Dharmsala ; Sikhim. Exp. 66 millim.

1656. AmpMpyra magna, Wlk. Cat. xxxili,p. 868 ; C. S. no. 2257.
Amphipyra chalcoptera, Feld. Reis. Nov. pi. 112, fig. 18 ; C. ^ S.

no. 2254.

Differs from monolitha in the head, thorax, and fore wing being
pale red-brown u'rorated with black scales, the last with a broad
medial black-broi,\'n band ; the subbasal and postmedial lines more
prominent and waved ; the orbicular larger ; the submarginal dark
and pale lunules more prominent and joined to the marginal specks
by dark streaks. Underside of both wings with postmedial
diffused band.

Hab. N.W.Himalayas; Punjab, i/.x^. 70 millim.

1657. AmpMpyra livida, ScMf. Wien. Verz. p. 85.

AmphipjTa corvina, Motsch. Bull. Soc. Nat. Mosc. xxxix, i,

p. 194 (1866)
Amphipyra corvus, C. 8f S. no. 2255.

Head, thorax, and fore wing dark shining purplish fuscous ; the
vertex oE head sometimes pale reddish ; abdomen fuscous. Hind
wing pale, suffused with coppery red, the apical area with fuscous.

Hob. Europe ; Japan ; China ; Khasis. £!x2}. 48-52 millim.

192

KOOTUIDiE.

1658. Amphipyra cupreipennis, Moore, Lef. All. p. 155; C. ^- S.
no. 2256.

cJ . Differs from livida in having slight traces of a curved dark
medial band on the fore wing. Hiud \\-ing deep coppery red,
the costal area brown.

Eah. Sikhim. Exp. 66 millim.

1659. Amphipyra alhicilia, n. sp.

9 Head, thorax, and abdomen reddish grey. Fore wing reddish
grey the veins slightly streaked with black ; the subcostal, ante-
and postmedial double waved hnes indistinct ; lunulate postmedial
and marginal hnes ; a pale reddish streak from middle of ceU to
near outer margm, with an ill-defined dark sti-eak below it ; a
dark streak from base in interno-median interspace, becoming pale
red from below the middle of cell. Hind wing coppery red, with
white margin and cilia. Underside coppery red, with broad costal
white band to fore wing ; both wings with a broad marginal white
band and whitish lunule at end of cell.

Hah. Mussooree {Earfonl). Exp. 58 milhm. Type in B. M.

Sect. II. (Apopestes). Palpi with the 2nd joint clothed with
long hair in front.

1660. Amphipyra spectrum, iJs;j.&Awjei!<.-EMr.iv,l, p. l31, pi. 100,

tigs. 3, 4 ; Dup. c5- Guen. Noct. pi. 1 (larva) ; C. ^ 8. no. 230o.
Noctua socrua, Giorna, Cal.Ent. 143.

Ap%eSs tl'iMo^^P^^S. 1883 p 22 - C. S. no. 2303.
ZthophUa Ugaminosa, C. ^ S. no. 1886 {»ec Eversm.).

Ochreons bro^vn ; head and thorax irrorated with black scd^^^^
Tore wing irrorated with black scales; a short hasal black line
from the costa with a spot below it : a strongly waved ante.nedia
iSe traces of a medial Hne; an irregular y waved prominent
p^stmeSal line bent outwards round end of ceU; renitorm ^^-l h
Fndistinct gi-eyish outUne ; a submarginal_ series of pale specks
with blackilh patches inside them towards inner margm ; a series
of marginal specks. Underside with narrow mechal black band

*°SvSy l^hantasmu has the fore whig more mottled with

'^f ^:^^SS^:n!:^^^bW Wack subdorsal nnes
filler n wil y litr below this is a band of blue with dark spots
on i then vellow with black specks, then a band of blue with the
^t'Jmata ak, and some irregular black stn. t he cU.spers^

J/ah. Europe; Persia; Quetta; Atghanistiin ; Hazaia, ^.^ .
Punjab ; Tarkand ; Dharmsdla. Exp. 80 milhm.

AMPHIPTEA. — AtrCHA.

193

1661. Amphipyra Mmalayica, n. sp.

_ d . Differs from spectmm in being greyish oehreous-brown
without black irroration. Fore wing with 'the transverse lines
but slightly darker than the ground-colour and with ochreous
outhnes; the subbasal line absent; the antemedial nearer the
base and minutely dentate ; the postmedial lunulate ; a submarginal
irregularly lunulate line; the reniform represented by a lunule
at end of cell. Underside with indistinct cell-spot and postmedial
pale line to both wings.

ITab, Murree {Harford). Exp. 52 millim. Type in B. M.

Genus EPILECTA.

Epilecta, Biibn. Verz. p. 220 (1818).

Type, E. linogrisea, Schiff., from Europe.
Range. Europe; Japan; Himalayas.

Differs from Agrotis in the fore tibiae not being spined ; the
antennae ciliated.

1662. EpHecta semiherMda, Wlk. Cat. xi, p. 743; Butl. Ill mt
VI, pi. 110, fig. 1 ; C.lifS. no. 2031.
Epilecta decorata, Butl. A. M. N. H. (5) iv, 1879, p. 361.

Head, thorax, and fore wing variegated Avith green and brown
shades; palpi black at sides; abdomen fuscous brown. Eore

Fig. Epilecta semiherbida, i^. j.

Wing with the subbasal, ante- and postmedial double waved lines
distinct ; the two former with a black speck m the cell between
them ; the orbicular and reniform fuscous, their inner and outer
edges defined by black lines ; the claviform obsolete ; the waved
submarginal line with a black spot on it below the costa; a
marginal series of luuules. Hind wing bright yellow, with a large
black cell-spot ; a black fascia along the costa ioining the broad
irregular submarginal black band.

Bab. Japan ; Dharmsala ; Sikhim. Exp. 44 miUim.

Genus AUCHA.
Aucha, Wlk. Cat. xi'ii, p. 1137 (1857).
Type, A. velans, Wlk.

Itayuje. Bombay; Ceylon; Burma; Penang.

VOL. u

294 NOCTUID^.

Eyes naked and williout lashes ; proboscis fully developed ; palpi
upturned and smoothly scaled, the second pint reaching above
vertex of head, the third short. Antenn^D simple. Thorax and
Ibdomen without tufts and smoothly scaled ; tibisp without spmes
Pore wing with the cilia not crenulate; hind wing produced at
apex.

1663 Aucha velans, Wlk. Cat. xiii, p. 1138; Empsn. III. Eet. ix,
pi. 162, fig. 15; C. >S. no. 2350.

Head and thorax dart brown ; abdomen fuscous brown. Eore
iieact ana tnor ^^^^^^ ^^.^^^ ^^.^^ ^^^^^^

the usual waved lines and the orbicular
and renif or m . Hind wing black-brown ;
an orange band, sometimes suffused
with brown, beyond the cell and below
its lower angle; an orange marginal
streak at anal angle; cilia orange,
streaked with fuscous. Underside
^. fuscous brown; hind wing with the

Fig. 120. disk and anal angle tinged with orange ;

Mvelans, 6- r- J'.tll-spotandbroad marginal dark band
In some specimens the head, thorax, and fore wing are suffused
with olive-green.

Hub. Ceylon ; Burma. JExj:). 40 milhm.

1664. Aucha nectens, Wlk. Cat. xv, P; 1704 ; C. ^- S. no. 2349.

Briarda latipeimis, Wlk. Cat. xxxni, p. «94.

Si' lisSr^r^^^^^^^^^

with orange. ^

Hab. Bombay; Penang. Exp. 44 milhm.

Genus HYPERNffiNIA, nov.
Type, ff. denticulata, Warr.

S;'™rS:i'^nTefo« ™g being brcfler. the ape.
Bote proauced, and the outer margin moi-e obl.,ne; the aha
crenulate.

Sect. I. Palpi with the 3rd joint short.

1665. Hypernffinia denticnlata, Warr. P. Z. S. 1888, p. 307 ; C. ^- S.

no. 2022 A.

HYPBEJfJJNIA. 195

indistinct; the orbicular and reniform indistinct; the postmedial
line very highly dentate from the subcostal to vein 2 ; the area
beyond the irregularly waved submargiual line paler. Hind wing
fuscous ; the cilia white.

Hab. Thandiani, Punjab. Exp. 60 millim.

1666. Hypernaenia atrovirens, Wlk. Cat. xxxii, p. 614; C. & 8.
no. 1758.

Head and thorax clothed with black, brown, and grey scales •
abdomen fuscous. Fore wing clothed with black and olive scales •
subbasal and antemedial double waved black lines; some pinkish
brown below base of median nervure and beyond the costal part of
antemedial line ; the orbicular and reniform" with black and white
edges and pinkish brown centres, the area between them black ■ an
indistinct waved medial black line ; the postmedial lunulate black
Jme with pale marks m the sinuations ; some white specks on costa
towards apex ; a submarginal series of irregularly placed blacJc

Kg. lH.—Hypern<snia atrovirens, J-

luniiles with reddish brow beyond them ; a marginal series of
small black lunules ; c.ha white and fuscous. Hind wing dark
fuscous the ciha whitish. Underside fuscous black; fore wing
mth white orbicular and reniform stigmata and postmedial black
line; hmd wmg with the basal two-thirds suffused with white; a
cell-spot and postmedial line.

Bab. Sikhim; Eangoon. j%3. 48 millim.

1667. Hypernsenia nigroviridis, Wlk. Cat. xxxii, p. 615; C. & S

no. libx. ' 1. 7 >

Differs from atrovirens in the basal two-thirds of fore wing being
suffused ^.ath silvery green; the subbasal, antemedial, medial, and
postmedia lines indistinct; the outer third of wing coppery red-
brown, with the submargmal lunules conjoined and ill-defined: a
blue-grey band inside the marginal lunules. Underside of fore
Swhite"'''''^"''' blue-grey band ; the hind wing less suffused

Sab. Sikhim. JExp. 50 millim.

1668. Hypernffima renalba, Moore, Lep. Ath. p. ill- a & S

no. zUoii. V '

2 . Head black-brown ; thorax reddish brown ; abdomen
fuscous. Tore wing black-brown; some obscure dark maTks

o 2

196

NOOTXTIDiE.

between the subbasal and antemedial Hnes ; reniform pure white ;
the lunulate postinedial Hne indistinct ; the submarginal Hne con-
sisting of: an irregidar series of dashes ; a marginal series of white
specks. Hind wing fuscous. Underside of fore wing with the
reniform white ; hind wing whitish, with prominent dark cell-spot
and postmedial line ; outer area suffused with fuscous.
Hah. Sikhim. Exp. 38 millim.

1669. HypernaBiiia violacea, Butl. III. Set. vii, p. 54, pi. 127, fig. 5.

Head, thorax, and fore wing dark purplish brown, the last with
faint traces of ante- and postmedial waved lines and medial and
submarginal diffused bands ; the orbicular and reniform barely
traceable. Abdomen and hind wing dark fuscous, the former with
the extremity red-brown. Underside with the postmedial hne
more prominent.

Hah. Dharmsala. Exp. 52-60 millim.

Sect. II. Palpi with the 3rd jomt long.

1670. Hypernaenia flavicaudata, Warr. P. Z. S. _ 1888, p. 312 ;
C. 8f S. no. 2256 a.
9 Pale violaceous brown with an ochreous tinge; anal tuft
ochreous. Eore wing brown ; subbasal and antemedial waved hues,
between which are two diffused waved bands; a medial diffused

uebweeii wuiun i/wv^ ^^^^ - ,

band; the postmedial waved line excnrved beyond cell ; the sub-
marginal Ime irregularly waved and with a diffused band before it ;
a lunulate marginal line. Hind wing fuscous with an ochreous
tinge ; the costal area and outer margin ochreous. Underside ^^1th
a faint cell-spot and postmedial line to each wmg.
Hah. Thandiani, Punjab. Exjj. 56-60 milhm.

Genus HERMONASSA.

Hermonassa, Wlk. Cat. xxxii, p. 631 (1865).
Type, H. comignata, Wlk.

S&SSiXing the palpi ^^^^^^
with long hair below running out to a sharp point, the 3id ]0 nt
reachinir above vertex of head. Pore wmg long and narrow, ^Mth
Te apef rounded. Hind wings with veins 3 and 4 from cell, 6 and
7 stalked.

1671. Hermonassa consignata, Wh. Cat. xxxii, p. 632 ; C. Sf S.
Hei—a lunata, Moore, Lep. Ath. p. 120 ; C. ^- S. no. 2037.
Eed-brown. Pore wing with a double waved subbasal hne with

HBUMOITASSA.

197

black marks on its edges

Fig. 122.

Hermonassa consignata,

Hob. Kashmir ;

a double antemedial waved line traversed
by the black claviform ; the orbicular
and reniform stigmata black with pale
edges, sometimes with a fuscous patch
between them; a double postmedial
curved and waved line ; a waved sub-
marginal line ; a marginal series of
lunules. Hind wing pale brownish
fuscous.

The form consigyiaia is dark red-
brown, lunata chestnut-brown.
Dharmsala ; Sikhim. Exp. 30 mUlim.

1672. Hermonassa spilota, Moore, P. Z. S. 1867, p. 55 : C. & S.

no. 2026.

2 . Differs from consignata in the costal area of the fore wing
being suffused with grey to near the apex ; the transverse lines
quite obsolete ; the orbicular an elongate oval ; the claviform more
elongate ; the veins pale ; a marginal series of black specks.
Hab. " Bengal." E.iy. 30 millim.

1673. Hermonassa incisa, Moore, Zep. Atk. p. 120 ; S. no. 2036.

Differs from consignata in being browner. Fore wing with the
transverse lines very indistinct ; the sub marginal line more dentate.
Hind wing fuscous.

Hab. Dharmsala ; Sikhim. Exp. 38 millim.

1674. Hermonassa chalybeata, Moore, P. Z. 8. 1881, p. 353, pi. 38,

fig. 17 ; C. Sf 8. no. 2033.

2 . Differs from incisa in the head, thorax, and fore wing being
dark cupreous brown, the last with all the markings indistinct.
The Kumaon specimen is rather duUer brown.
Hab. Kumaun ; Sikhim. Exji. 34 millim.

1675. Hermonassa lanceola, Moore, P. Z. 8. 1867, p. 59 : C. Sr 8.

no. 1938.

DifFers from consignata in being paler and more olive-brown ; the
orbicular kidney-shape ; the hind wing dark brown.
Hab. Sikhim. Exj). 33 milHm.

1676. Hermonassa sinuata, Moore, P. Z. 8. 1881, p. 353, pi. 38, fiff. 5 ;

C. 4- no. 2038.
Hermonassa cuprina, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 120 ; C. Sf 8. no. 2035.

Differs from consignata in being bright reddish chestnut. FOre
wing with no black markings ; some dentate marks beyond the
subbasal line ; the orbicular, reniform, and claviform filled in by
the ground-colour. Hind wing dark fuscous.

198 NOCTXIIDiE.

The form cuprina is darker than sinuata, the hind wing black-
brown.

Mab. Sikhim. Ex'io. 44 niillim.

Genus HADENA.

I-Iadeua, Schranh, Fauna Boica, ii, 2, p. 158 (1802).
Mamestra, Ochs. Schmett. Eur. iv, p. 76 (1816).
Neuria, Gxien. Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr. x, p. 241 (1841).

Type, H. cucubali, Schiff., from Europe.
Eange. Universally distributed.

Eyes hairy ; palpi upturned and clothed with long hairs, the
3rd pint short ; antennas of male ciliated. Thorax squarely scaled
and flattened ; abdomen with dorsal tufts on proxunal segments ;
tibia) not spined. "Wings short and broad ; hiud wing with
veins 3 and 4 from cell or on a very short stalk.

Sect. I. Pore wing short and broad.

1677. Hadena trifolii, Eott. Natwf. ix, p. 131.
Noctua chenopodii; Fabr. Mant. Ins. ii, p. 166.

• Pale brown. Eore wing with three highly-waved lines before
the middle ; orbicular and reniform dark ringed, the former wdth
pale centre, the latter with dark; claviform a black lunule; a
curved, dentate, dark, postmedial line ; a pale irregularly waved
submarginal line with a W-mark at centre ; some small dark lunules
on margin; cilia with pale streaks. Hind wing pale, the veins
and a broad marginal band fuscous ; cilia white.
Hah. Europe ; Campbellpur. Exp. 36 millim.

1678. Hadena perdentata, n. sp.

9 Head, thorax, and abdomen clothed with dark brown, red-
brown, and grey hair. Tore wing pale brown, suffused with leaden
grey ; subbasal and antemedial ochreous dentate hues with black
ed<Tes, the latter highly dentate above inner margin ; the orbicular
ochreous with brown centre ; the reniform leaden grey, with
ochreous inner edge ; the claviform very large, with black outime
and a pale dentate patch beyond it ; a crenulate postmedial line ;
an ochreous submarginal line very highly dentate at centre and
with some dark suffusion inside it. lliud wmg fuscous brown,
with the ciHa whitish. Underside with ceU-spot and postmedial

^"i/a6. Kashmir {McArtlmr). Exp. 42 millim. Type in coll.
Leech.

HABENA.

199

1679. Hadena consanguis, Gueji. Mot. ii, p. 97 ; C. Sr S. no. 2050.

Apamea uudicilia, Wlk. Cat ix, p. 251.

Hadena media, Wlk. Cat. xi, p. 756 ; C. Sf S. no. 1939.

Apamea latifasciata, Moore, P. Z. S. 1881, p. 345 ; C. Sr S. no. 2054.

Apamea viriata, S^cmh. P. Z. ii. 1885, p. 450 ; C. ^ S. no. 2063.

Apamea cana, Hmpsn. III. Het. viii, p. 79, pi. 145, fig. 8.
Differs from tnfolii in the pale clothing of the head, thorax, and
abdomen being mixed with dark hairs. Fore wing much suffused
with fuscous, especially the medial area and beyond the submarginal
line, which is indistinct and with the W-mark not very prominent.
Hind wing scarcely paler at base.

Fig. 123. — Hadena consanguis, ^ . \.

The form cana from the Nilgiris is ochi'eous or pinkish ochreous,
with tlie dark suffusion of fore wing coniined to round the renif orm ;
the hind wing paler. 'Ln. media and latifasciata =viriata the head
and thorax ai'e dark red-brown ; fore wing with the suffused
areas dark red-brown, the pale area with a reddish tinge, the area
beyond the postmedial line prominently pale with some reddish
dentate marks on it : in the latter, from N.W. India and Bombay,
the hind wing is suffused with fuscous, in the former, from Canara
and the WUgiris, white with a dark marginal line.

Bab. Throughout Peninular India and Ceylon. Exi^. 34-38
millim.

1680. Hadena nigrocuprea, Moore, P. Z. S. 1867, p. 52 ; C. ^ S.
no. 2077.

c? . Head, thorax, and fore wing very dark red-brown ; the last
■with the usual transverse lines very indistinct ; the orbicular and
reniform large and indistinct, the latter with two white specks at
its lower extremity ; the claviform with black outline ; four white
specks on costa towards apex. Abdomen and hind wing fuscous.

Hah. Sikhim. Ex^. 34 millim.

*1681. Hadena ? hastata, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 130, pi. 4, fig. 20
C. ^- S. no. 1936.

Eed-brown. Fore wing with a prominent grey-edged sinuous
antemedial black line, double below the cell ; orbicular and reniform
with black outlines ; a black streak below the cell recurved at
extremity ; a curved postmedial pale-edged crenulate line ; a mar-
ginal series of black specks. Hind wing white with a reddish tinge;
an indistinct ceU-spot.

Hab. Sikhim. Kvp. 33 millim.

200

KOCTUIDiE,

1682. Hadena mediana, Moore, P. Z. S. 1881, p. 332 ; C. <§■ S. no. 1776.

Ochreous white. Abdomen slightly fuscous. Eore wing irrorated
with dark scales ; a black subbasal line ; minutely dentate ante-
and postmedial lines, the former oblique, the latter excurved beyond
the cell, the area between them brown, with the orbicular and
reniform grey and conjoined ; a marginal series of dark specks.
Hind wing fuscous ; the cilia whitish. Underside with cell-spot
and postmedial series of specks ; both wings with marginal series
of specks.

Hab. Simla. Exp. 34 miUim.

1683. Hadena elwesi, n. sp.

cJ . Violaceous grey, variegated with black. Pore wing with the
medial area darkest ; double subbasal and antemedial waved black
lines ; the orbicular, reniform, and a spot below the cell grey, the
first with a black speck at centre ; the postmedial line crenulate ;
the submarginal irregular line ill-defined ; a marginal series of black
specks. Abdomen and hind wing dark fuscous, the latter with the
base of cilia pale. Underside with cell-spot and postmedial line.

Hab. Sikhim, 10,000 feet (Elwes). Exjp. 36 millim. Type in
coll. Elwes.

Shot. II. Tore wing rather longer and narrower.

A. Aniennce of male minutely ciliated.

1684. Hadena dissecta, Wlk. Cat. xxxii, p. 656 ; Moore, Lep. Ceyl. iii,

pi. 146, fig. 7 ; C.^S. no. 2143.

Head and thorax dark brown. Abdomen fuscous, pale at ex-
tremity. Tore wing dark brown ; the veins ochreous ; the sub-
basal, ante- and postmedial double lines ochreous, the second
curved, the last angled beyond the ceU and met by a streak from
apex ; an ochreous doubly-curved submarginal line. Hmd wmg
fuscous brown.

Bab. Sildiim ; Ceylon. Exp. 45 millim.

1685. Hadena costigera, Moore, P. Z. S. 1881, p. 350; C. S. no. 2022.
Head, thorax, and abdomen grey-brown; palpi dffk fit sides.

Pore wing grey-brown, suffused with black and reddish brown ;
a broad ilnkish-white costal fascia from the base to postmedial
line ; subbasal, ante- and postmedial waved double black lines
the last inciu'ved at vein 3; orbicular and remform grey, AMth
whitish edges ; claviform almost obsolete ; the submarginal line
pale, angled below the costa and with some dark maxks on ^ach
side of it. Hind wing whitish; the outer area suffused with

fuscous. _^ „ -ir

.Hab. N.W. Himalayas ; Ithdsis. ExjJ. 42 milhm.

HADBNA.

201

1686. Hadena incisa, Moore, P. Z. S. 1881, p. 344 ; C. ^ S. no. 2144.
Neuria auiipicta, Butl. III. Ret. vii, p. 53, pi. 127, fig. 3.

Head and thorax dark grey and fuscous. Abdomen pale fuscous.
Fore wing dark grey, suffused with black ; subbasal and autemedial
waved white lines ; the orbicular and reniform with whitish out-
line and fuscous centres, the latter large ; a white streak ou vein 2
and ochreous fascia on inner margin ; the curved postmedial dark
liue lumdate, with some white on it below vein 2 ; a submarginal
ochreous waved band angled below costa ; a series of marginal
black specks ; cilia pale streaked. Hind wing fuscous, with traces
of a postmedial line. Underside with prominent cell-spot and
postmedial line to hind wing.

Hob. Dharmsala. Exio. 40 millim.

1687. Hadena simillima, Moore, P. Z. S. 1881, p. 344 ; C.SfS. no. 2147.

5 . Differs from incisa in being redder. Fore wing with the
subbasal, ante- and postmedial double lines not filled in with white ;
the reniform with an ochreous patch on its outer side ; the sub-
marginal line narrow, wdth dark lunules before it ; cilia not pale
streaked. Hind wing ochreous white, slightly suffused with
fuscous towards outer margin. "Underside without cell-spot on
postmedial line.

Hah. N.W. Himalayas ; Sikhim. Exp. 38 millim.

1688. Hadena ferrisparsa, n. sp.

Differs from incisa in the ground-colour of thorax and fore wing
being pale grey-brown ; the latter without the pale fasciae on inner
margin and vein 2 ; the orbicular larger ; some rust-red before
the submarginal line. Hind wing with the basal area whitish.

Hah. Sirola ; Dalhousie {Harford). Exp. 42 millim. Type in
B. M.

1689. Hadena nagaensis, n. sp.

$ . Differs from incisa in the subbasal and antemedial lines of
fore wing being dark ; the pale fascia on inner margin and sub-
marginal hne ti]:ged with rufous ; no pale streak on vein 2 ; the
orbicular large and dark ; the reniform dark and S-shaped.

Hah. Naga Hills, 6000 feet {Dolierty). Exjy. 40 millim. Type
in coll. Elwes.

1690. Hadena poliostigma, n. sp.

2 . Fuscous, suffused with grey. Fore wing with traces of
subbasal and antemedial lines ; the orbicular and reniform large
and whitish ; a black streak below the cell ; indistinct postmedial
and submarginal Hues, the former excurved round the reniform,

202

NOOTUIDjE.

tlie latter with a series of dentate marks on it. Hind wing
brownish fuscous ; the cilia whitish.

Hah. Sind Valley, Kashmir {Leech). Exp. 38 milhm. Type in
coll. Leech.

1691. Hadena brassicse, Linn. Syst. Nat. p. 852 ; Hiiln. Eur. Schmeit,
Noct. pi. 18, fig. 88; C. Sf S. no. 2069; Buckler, Larcce Brit.
Butter/. Moths, pi. 66, fig. 3 (larva).
Noctua albidilinea, Haw. Lep. Brit,, p. 191.

Dark browTi. Fore wing with indistinct double subbasal, ante-
and postmedial dai-k lines, the last incurved at 3rd median
nervure ; orbicular and reniform stigmata grey, the latter with
some white on it, a black dash between them ; claviform black ;
an irregular pale submarginal line, the W-mark distinct ; a series
of marginal dark lunules ; some pale costal specks. Hiud wing
fuscous brown ; the cilia with a pale line through them.

Larva dark or pale green, with subdorsal and lateral darker
specks and slight longitudinal and transverse hues ; or dark
purplish fuscous with short dark streaks, the ventral area green ;
a lateral series of white specks.

Hah. Europe ; N.W. Himalayas ; Punjab. Exp. 52 millim.

1692. Hadena repetita, Butl. III. Het. vii, p. 52, pi. 127, figs. 1, 2.
Differs from hrassicm in being ferruginous red. Pore wing

reddish ochreous, irrorated and suffused with ferruginous ; the
lines very indistinct ; orbicular and reniform fuscous, often white-
edo^ed; claviform small, ferruginous, and obsolescent; the sub-
marginal hne very indistinct, with the W-mark obsolescent. Hind
wing reddish fuscous.

Hob. Dharmsala. Exp. 46 millim.

1693. Hadena cuprina, Moore, P.Z.S. 1881, p. 345, pi. 38, fig. 2;

C. 4- S. no. 2051.

9 Head thorax, and abdomen brown. Tore wing dark
cupreous red-brown; the usual transverse Hues very mdistinct;
the orbicular and reniform greyish fuscons, the former obhque ;
three white specks on costa towards apex. Hmd wmg brownish

fuscous.

Hah. Sikhim. Exp. 42 milhm.

1694. Hadena nigerrima, Warr. P. Z. S. 1888, p. 302 ; C. ^- S.

no. 2076 A.

Differs from hrasdcw in being black-brown. Fore xvings with
the markings very indistinct; the orbicular, I'^i^if"™'
form just traceable; two xvhite specks at lo^ver angle f ' t"^^^
waved submarginal line very indistinct, with the W-^ark baielj
traceable. Hind wing dark fuscous. ro „;ii;n.

Hah. Thandiani, Punjab ; Sikhim. Exp. 46-52 miUim.

HADENA.

203

1695. Hadena SCOtocMora, Koll. migeVs Kaschnir, iv, p. 482.
Polin stevensii, Guen. Noct. ii, p. 38 ; C. 8. no. 1700.

Head and thorax variegated grey and black ; abdomen fuscous.
Fore wing variegated grey and blaclt, witb doable waved subbasal,
antemedial, postmedial, and submarginal lines filled inwithwbite;
a single waved medial black line ; the orbicular and reniform large
and whitish -^-ith black outlines; a marginal series of quadrate
black spots. Hind wing fuscous, with a whitish patch at anal
angle ; underside whitish, with cell-spot and indistinct post-
medial line.

Hah. Thandiani, Punjab ; Kashmir. Exp. 55 millim.

1696. Hadena indica, 3Ioore, P. Z. S. 1867, p. 47; C. ^ S. no. 1769.
Diifers from scotocMora in being much darker and browner ; the

orbicular and reniform without white edges ; the former small
and round.

Eab. "Bengal"; Nagas. ^rp. 44 millim.

1697. Hadena flavala, Iloore, P. Z. S. 1867, p. 46 ; C. Sf S. no. 1768.

Head and thorax white, irrorated with black ; abdomen pale
brown, with dai-k dorsal tufts and extremity. Tore wing brownish
grey ; some irregular basal black streaks ; a slightly dentate
antemedial and obliquely lunulate postmedial line ; orbicular and
reniform small black ring-spots, with whitish patches on the
costa above them ; an indistinct medial line angled below the
costa ; au irregularly dentate submarginal black line. Hind wing
pale yellow ; the basal and inner areas suffused with pale fuscous ;
a pale fuscous diffused submarginal baud.

Hah. Silihim. Uxp. 40 millim.

1698. Hadena knyvetti, n. sp.

<S . Head whitish, black below ; collar whitish; thorax greyish
black ; abdomen ochreous white, slightly ringed with fuscous, the
extremity ochreous. Fore wing greyish fuscous, variegated with.
black ; the subbasal black line on a large whitish patch, below
which is a black lunule ; the antemedial line oblique and white,
with black outline ; the orbicular large, white, and extending to
the costa as a white patch ; the reniform indistinct ; the post-
medial line slightly waved and inwardly oblique ; the submarginal
line white and broad, with white patches at apex and centre ; a
marginal series of black specks. Hind wing pale fuscous ; under-
side with cell-spot and postmedial Hue.

Mah. Sikhim {Knyvett). Exp. 40 millim. Type in coU. Knyvett.

1699. Hadena albiceps, n. sp.

d . Head and collar white ; thorax dark chestnut, with a white
patch on metathorax; abdomen fuscous black; legs black and

204

NOCTUIDiE.

white. Eore wing white, slightly irroratecl with black ; a subbasal
black line interrupted at middle ; a short obhque antemedial line
from the costa ; a rectangular hoop-shaped mark on centre of
inner margin ; two medial black specks on the costa and a trian-
gular patch before the apex ; a comma-shaped mark beyond the
cell • a series of black spots on the cilia. Hind wing smolvy black,
the cilia white ; underside with indistinct cell-spot and postmedial

'"'ifa&. Sikhim (Enyvett). Exp. 34 millim. Type in coll. Knyvett,

B. Antennce of male fasciculated.

1700. Hadena mamestrina, Butl. III. Set. vii, p. 69, pi. 128, fi^. 5.

(J . Differs from brassicce in the reniform being iilled in with
white; the submarginal line of fore wing consisting of white
lunule's on dark streaks. Hind wing pale fuscous.

Bab. Dharmsala. Exp. 50 milhm.

1701. Hadena fasciculata, n. sp.

cJ . Head, thorax, and abdomen red-brown ; collar with pale fringe.
Fore wins; pale red-brown, variegated with grey ; the subbasal
and antem'edial hues slightly waved ; the orbicular and reniform
laro-e and grey, with black outlines, the latter with fuscous centre ;
claviform a large black lunule ; traces of a medial line ; the post-
medial lunulate excurved line outlined with grey near the costa;
the submarginal line pale and nearly straight, broadest towards
the costa, and with black diffused marks on each side of it at
middle, and inside it near costa and inner margin ; a crenulate
marginal hne. Hind wing fuscous ; a marginal grey hue ; the
ciha rufous; underside mth prominent cell-spot and sinuous post-
medial line, .

ffab. Hikhim (Knyvett). Xrp. 54millim. Type m coll. Knyvett.

C. Antennce of male lieavily bipectinated.
1702. Hadena cidta, Moore, P. Z. S. 1881, p. 347 ; C. S,- S. no. 2072.

Dark purplish red-brown ; a black line on collar. Pore wmg
with indistinct double subbasal and antemedial waved lines and
postmedial dentate line ; a short obhque golden striga with b ack
outer edge below base of median uervure; a golden and black
mark on claviform; the orbicular and renitorm large and in-
distinct, the latter with golden and black at its lower extremity ;
a submarginal sinuous series of golden and black l^nules ; a ma -
giual serfes of small black lunules. Abdomen and h nd .^^ing
brown, the latter slightly suffused with grey ; underside with
lunule at end of cell and indistinct postmedial hue.

Mab. Dalhousie. E.vjJ. 58 millim.

HADENA. — SEMIOPEOEA.

205

Sect. III. Fore wing longer and narrower.

1703. Hadena pannosa, ilfoore, P. -S. 1881, p. 345; id. Lep. Cetjl.

iii, pi. 147, fig. 1 ; C.^ 8. no. 2059.
Apamea sikkima, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 109 ; C. ^ 8. no. 2061.

Dark brown. Fore wing with the subbasal, ante- and post-
medial double lines pale-centred, the second highly angled near
inner margin, and with ochreous patches before it below the cell ;
the orbicular and reniform. greyish ; the claviform small ; a diffused
pale patch from beyond the postmedial line to outer angle ; a
prominent pale dentate apical patch. Hind wing fuscous ; tlie cilia
pale with a line through them.

The form siJckima is rather redder ; the clayif orm larger ; no
pale patch beyond the postmedial hne, and the apical patch
obsolescent.

Mab. Sikhim ; Nilgiris ; Ceylon. Exja. 40-50 millim.

Genus SEMIOPHORA.

Semiophora, Steph. III. Brit. Ent., Hausi. ii, p. 138 (1829).
Tseniocampa, Ouen. Ann. Soc. Bnt. Fr. viii, p. 477 (1839).

Type, S. goihica, Linn., from Europe.

Range. N. America, Europe, Japan, N.W. Himalayas.

Eyes hairy ; head deeply inserted in thorax ; proboscis fully
developed ; palpi porrect, extending beyond the frons, clothed with
long hair below, and the third joint prominent ; antennae bipecti-
nated in male ; thorax evenly rounded ; abdomen without tufts ;
tibiae without spines, and clothed with long hair. Fore wing
rather long and narrow,

1704. Semiophora orthosioides, Butl.Ill. Het. vii, p. 66, pi. 128, %. 1.

Palpi very long ; branches of antennae long in male. Head and

thorax clothed with grey and dark
scales ; abdomen pale brown. Fore
wing pale brown irrorated with dark
scales ; traces of subbasal and ante-
medial and a more distinct curved
medial line ; a black spot at lower
Fig. 124. angle of cell ; a pale submarginal line

Semiophora orllwsioides, cf. \. with some dark suffusion beyond it.

Hind wing fuscous.
Hah. Mandi, N.W. Himalayas. E.vp. 30 millim.

1705. Semiophora ferrosticta, n. sp.

_ cJ • Grey ; antenna? and abdomen tinged with rufous. Fore
wing slightly irrorated with fuscous ; a fuscous strealv on basal
inner area ; traces of a sinuous antemedial line ; the orbicular and
reniform large and indistinct, with ferruginous and dark brown

206

nocttjid;e.

lower edges ; a diffused medial fuscous band passing between the
stigmata ; an indistinct creuulate postmedial line ; an indistinct
submarginal line with prominent ferruginous and dark specks on
it ; a marginal series of dark specks. Hind wing pale fuscous ;
the cilia whitish.

Hah. Kashmir (McArtlmr). Exp. 42 millim. Type in coll.

Leech.

1706. Semiophora castaneipennis, u. sp.

c?. Bright chestnut. Tore wing irrorated with black specks
and strigEB ; traces of subbasal and antemedial lines ; the orbicular
and reniform indistinct, with a chestnut patch between them and
before the orbicular ; an indistinct curved postmedial line with
interrupted rufous marks beyond it. Hind wing fuscous ; the
cilia rufous.

Hah. Kashmir {McArthur). Exp. 42 millim. Type in coll.
Leech.

Genus BOMBYCIA.

Bombycia, Steph. III. Brit. Ent., Haust. iii, p. 57 (1829).
Cleoceris, Boisd. Ind. Meth. p. 93 (1840).

Type B. viminalis, Pabr., from Europe.
Range. Eui-ope ; Himalayas.

Eyes naked and lashed; proboscis fully developed; palpi
obliquely porrect and hairy ; thorax and abdomen M'lthout tufts ;
tibia without spines. Pore wing long and narrow, the apex some-
what acute. , ■ i J

The typical species (Sect. I.) has the antenna of male bipectmated,

with, short branches.

Sbot. II. Antennae of male with fasciculated cilia ; palpi
with the 3rd joint minute.

1707. Bombycia persimilis, n. sp.

Eaphia viminalis, Butl. {nec Fair.) III. Het. vn, p. 11.

Brown, with a slight reddish tinge. Eore wing with a black

streak from the base below median
nervure ; the subbasal and antemedial
double waved lines indistinct; the
orbicular and reniform large and pale
with black outlines ; cla^dform, a large
black lunule; the postmedial double
waved line incurved to lower angle
of cell ; the submarginal irregular line
pale; cilia with shght pale streaks.
Hind wing with cell-spot and faint
postmedial line below.
■ Exp. 36 millim. Type in B. M.

Fig. 125.

Bombycia persimilis, S-

Hob. Dharmsala {Hocking).

BOMBTOIA. EUPLEXIA,

207

1708. Bombycia leucocera, n. sp.

5 . Brownish grey. Fore wing with short dark subbasal line ;
sinuous antemedial line interrupted by the ochreous claviform
streak; the orbicular and reniform white with black edges, the
former small, the latter narrow and angled inwards on median
nervure ; a sHghtly crenulate postmedial line, very much bent
outwards below costa ; a pale, nearly straight, submarginal line, with
a series of black marks on it.

Hah. Sind Valley, Kashmir {Leech). Kvp. 46 miUim. Type in
coll. Leech.

1709. Bomhycia meterythra, n. sp.

cJ . Head and thorax pale, suffused with pink ; abdomen
ochreous. Fore wing pale suffused with brown, rufous, and pink,
the medial area reddish ; an indistinct subbasal line ; a sinuous
obhque antemedial hne ; a curved crenulate postmedial line and
indistinct dentate submarginal line with rufous suffusion inside it ;
the orbicular and reniform large, prominent, and black, with pink
centres. Hind wing bright red ; the cilia ochreous.

ffab. Murree. Exp. 36 millim. Type in B. M.

Sect. III. Antennae bipectiuated, the branches long ; palpi
with the 3rd joint long and porrect.

1710. Bomhycia ruhida, n. sp.

cJ . Antennae fulvous ; head, thorax, and abdomen greyish red.
Fore wing greyish red; a large chestnut patch at end of cell
surrounding the indistinct reniform; some dark suffusion on
centre of inner margin ; an almost straight pale and chestnut
submarginal Une. Hind wing reddish fuscous ; cilia of both
wings rufous. Underside with cell-spot and traces of a post-
medial line to both wings.

Bah. Sikhim, 10,000 feet {Elives). E.vp. 47 millim. Type in
coll. Elwes.

Genus EUPLEXIA.

Euplexia, Steph. III. Brit. Ent, Haiist. iii, p. 3 (1829).
Trachtea, Hiibn. Vorz. p. 219 (1818), non descr.
Luperina, Boisd. Ind. Meth. p. 113 (1840).
Prospalta, Wlk. Cat. xiii, p. 1114 (1857).
Triphnenopsis, Butl. A. M. N. K. (5) i, p. 163 (1878).
Chutapha, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 131 (1882).
Karana, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 106.
Chandata, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 113.
Eurabila, Butl. III. Het. vii, p. 39 (1889).

Type, E. ludpara. Linn., from Europe.

208

NOCTUIDiE.

Range. Nearctic and Palffiarctic regions; throughout India,
Ceylon, and Burma ; Piji. , • . i, * a

Eyes naked, with or without lashes ; proboscis tuliy torrned ;
palpi upturned, the second joint not reaching vertex of head and
fringed with hair, the third prominent. Thorax with a slight
tuft of outspreading hair behind the collar and paired tufts on
metathorax. Abdomen with dorsal tufts on proximal segments ;
tibise without spines. Fore wing with the ciUa crenulate.

Sect. I. Antennas of male quite simple.
1711. Etiplexia nubilata, n. sp.

J Head, thorax, and abdomen clothed with dark and grey-
brown scales. Fore wing reddish brown ; the basal area as far as
the antemedial line and the area between the medial and sub-
marginal lines clouded with glossy fuscous ; double_ subbasal,
antemedial, medial, aud postmedial, and single submargmal hnes,
the first three waved, the two latter lunulate ; orbicular round,
with dark centre; reniform a dark lunule. Hmd mug whitish
with traces of fuscous postmedial and submargmal hnes ; apical
area suffused with fuscous ; underside with promment cell-spot
and postmedial line. _ .

Hah. Sikhim, 6000 feet (Mbller). Kvp. 46 milhm. Type in

coU. Elwes.

Sect. II. Antennse ciliated in male.
A. Hind wing not yelloiv.

1712 Euplexia indistans, Giien. Nod. ii, p. 87 ; C. ^ S. no. 1937.

Hadena inextricaiis, Wlh. Cai. xv, p. 1/29.

Hadena distans, Moore, Lcp. Ath. p. 130 ; C. ^- S. no. i9d&.

Pale reddish brown. Fore wing with indistinct, waved double
subbaL ante- and postmedial dark hnes ; the orbicular and
reSm indistinct and often filled in with white ; ^«;bmarp al
series S Innules. Hind wing pale fuscous. Underside A.ath the
baS half of both mngs sufiused with ferruginous in male.

lir^.W Himalayas, Bombay, and throughout S. India and
Ceylon. Exjj. 34 millim. '

1713. Euplexia niveiplaga, mk. Cat. xi, p. 593 ; C. S,- S. no. 1940.

^Z'^^MoXf:ltim, p. 350; a , s.

A^i^^iu,^., Moore, Zep. Atk. p. 117, pl- iv, %• 19 i C. S.

no. 1995. D y c iRRl 11 357; C. <S- -S. no. 1942.

Hadena siderifera, Moore, P. Z.S. \^^^>f J^l{ '-.L \ jq.
Mamestra terrauea, Butl. HI Set. vn, p. 53, pl. l^l, ng-

euplbxia".

209

Differs from indistqns in having no ferruginous suffusion on the
underside of the male.

In the form confmidens = quadrisigna there are no white specks
on the reniform, but usualljr a briek-red speck; siderifmi, ter-
ranea, and mveiplacja are darker red-brown, the first with white
specks on the outer edge of reniform, the second with a white spot
on ]t also, the third with the white spot only.

Hah. N.W. Himalayas ; Sikhim ; Nilgiris. ' Exp. 36-52 miUim.

1714. Enplexia adjuncta, Moore, P. Z. 8. 1881 b 357 • C &■ S
no. 1931. ' ^' > • J •

^ 5°°^, ^^^oW^agci in being greyer. Tore wing with a

waved black streak from the base below median nervure; the
antemedial hue more obliquely wa,ved, the postmedial more
excurved, a black streak between them through the claviform ;
the orbicular and reniform xvith grey and black outlines; the sub-
marginal iunules more deutate.
Hal. Dalhonsie. Exp. 52 luillim.

1715. Euplexm flavistigma, Moore, P. Z. S. 1867, p. 50 ; C. ^ S
Apamea obliqiiiorbis, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 109 • C l<c S no 2n58

T,a£ Wn'L^Tl in the head, thorax, and abdomen being

pale brown ; the basal half of the fore wing very dark red-brown
the outer half pale red-brown ; orbicular brick-red; reXm
ocbreous, without white specks, and with some brick-red suffusion

angle of cell ; the submargmal line pale and irregularly dentate
Hmd wmg with the cilia ochreous. 5 " V uentare.

nf^iI!fflT'°'''''""'^^^°°^^^^*^«P °" the antemedial Une
of the fore wing, a white blotch on the reniform sui-rounded by a
few specks, and a series of white specks on the postmedial line

Differs from in being very dark red-brown or black

brown Fore wmg with the orbicular and reniform sti-^mata hrS
the latter with an ochreous or brick-red lunnle .°."t,mata laige
submarginal black dashes with ochLo siSs on J^^^^
ginal series of black and ochreous speckrSinS w'ng ^wh^
suffused with fuscous brown towards outer margin '

Halu Aden; Simla; Nilgiris; Ceylon. millim.

210

•NOCTUIDiE.

1717. Euplexia SOdalis, Lutl. A. M. N. 11. (5) i, p. 83 ; id. III. Eet. ii,
pi. 29, fig. 2.

Apamea basalis, Moove, P. Z. S. 1881, p. 346 ; C. ^- S. no. 2049.
Apamea denticuloba, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 109, pi. 4, tig. 13;
C. Sr S. no. 2052.

Apamea strigidisca, Moore, P. Z. S. 1881, p. 34G, pi. 38, fig. 9 ;
a ^ S. no. 2062.

Differs from nive.iplaga in being redder ; the double lines of the
fore wing less distinct ; the postmedial line recurved to lower
angle of cell; the orbicular and reniform paler, the latter without
white spots on it ; the claviform smaller ; the submargiual line
irregularly wayed with dark patches beyond it below the apex and
at outer angle. i • u

A variety has the basal inner area of fore wing suffused with
greyish wliite as far as the antemedial line ; the area between the
postmedial and submarginal lines greyish white from the inner
margin to near costa, where it is bent outwards to apex ; reniform
with a large white patch on it ; the form hasalis has the patagia
and basal half of fore wing suffused with purplish black ; strigi-
disca has black streaks at base of fore wing on median nervure,
vein 1 and inner margin, and a black streak crossing the sub-
marginal line at centre.

Bab. Japan; Dharmsala; Simla; Sikhim. Exjj. 42-46 millim.

1718. Euplexia lignea, Butl. III. Set. vii, p. 40, pi. 128, fig. 6.

Head grey ; thorax vinous, with an ochreous streak on vertex ;
abdomen ochreous. Pore wing ochreous suffused with chestnut ;
the costa greyish ; double waved subbasal, antemedial, postmedial,
and submarginal lines ; the orbicular and reniform narrow, with
deep chestnut edges and pale chestnut centres; the clavitorm
chestnut ; a series of black specks on the veins beyond the post-
medial line ; a blackish patch on the outer margin below the apex
and at outer angle. Hind wing ochreous, slightly suffused with

fuscous. .
Eab. Dharmsila ; Sultanpiu-. Eccp. 46 miUun.

1719. Euplexia albiflexura, WlJc. Cat. xi, p. 726 ; C. 4- S. no. 2067.

^ Differs from niveiplaga in having the subbasal, ante- and
postmedial lines less waved and paler; the orbicular and reniform
Sgmata narrower, the former oblique, the latter ^P^^
beyond it on the discocellulars ; the claviform indistinct and nairow
the submarginal line whitish, dentate below the costa and with
three prominent black streaks on it, at centre.

Hah. " India." Exp. 38 millim.

1720. Euplexia didyma, Esp. Schmtt. Eur. ii. pt. iv, p. 378, pi. 126

(iVorf. 47), fig. 7. , „ „
Noctua laucea, Exp. t. c pi. 1/4- -i.
Noctua nictiUins, t. c. pi. 126, hg. 6 («« I.>nn.).

EUPLBXIA.

211

Noctua leiicostigma, Usp. t. c. pi. 169, iip;. 7.

Apnmea, moderata, Ev. Bull. Soc. Nat. Mosc. xvi, 1843, p. 547.

Apamea oculea, Butl. (nec Linn.), III. Het. vii, p. 9.

Differs from indistans in the fore wing having the inner area
and that between the postmedial and submargiual lines usually-
paler ; the orbicular and reniform smaller, the latter often spotted
with white ; a dark postmedial series of specks on the nervules ; a
waved instead of lunulate sabmarginal line.

Hah. Europe ; Dharmsala. Exp. 32 millim.

1721. Euplexia conducta, Wlk. Cat. x, p. 296.

Perigea centralis, Wlk. Cat. xi, p. 734; Moore, Lev. Cevl iii

pi. 147, figs. 2, 2a (larva) ; C. ^ 8. no. 2099.
Perigea illecta, Wlk. Cat. xxxii, p. 684.
Perigea. inexacta, Wlk. Cat. xxxii, p. 682.
Perigea galaxia, Butl. P. Z. S. 1883, p. 159; C. Sf S. no. 2100.
Perigea canorufa, Wlk. Cat. xxxii, p. 683.
Celfena serva, Wlk. Cat. xv, p. WSg.
Hadena leouiiia, Wlk. Cat. xxxiii, p. 73-5.
Hadena pauperata, Wlk. Cat. xv, p. 1727.
Hadena funesta, Wlk. Cat xxxiii, p. 740.
Hadena spargens, Wlk. Cat. xxxiii, p. 739 ; C. 8,- S. no. 1943
Hadena taprobanse, Feld. Reis. Nov. pi. 110, fio-. 3.
Perigea apameoides, C. 8f S. no. 2098 {nec Gum.)'
Mamestra dolorosa, Wlk. Cat. xxxii, p. 667 ; C. 8f S. no. 2074.

Fuscous brown. Tore wing with the subbasal, ante-, post-
medial, and submarginal lines indistinct ; the orbicular and reniform
indistinct, the latter edged with white specks ; some white specks
on costa towards apex, and a series on outer margin. Hind wint^
sUghtly paler at base ; the cUia pale. Underside with an obscure
postmedial hne.

The form dolorosa is smoky black, with the thoracic tufts some-
times brown; the lines of fore wing reduced to specks ; the white
spots on reniform more developed. Hind wiug whitish, with
broad fuscous margin.

Larva smooth, pale green, with the anal somite conical ; dorsal
and lateral series of purple-brown blotches speckled with white- a
sublateral series of white dots. Pood-plant, Acanthads.

Pupa greenish with reddish somitaJ bands.

Hub. Throughout India, Ceylon, and Burma ; Andamans : FiiL
^^p. 36-38 millim. nuns, jiji.

1722. Euplexia albomaculata, 7»foo,-e, P.z.S 1807 n r.9. r> * c

no. 2083. ' ^' ' ^'9^

Prospalta stellata, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. Ill ; C. Sf S. no. 2085.

Differs from conducta in being cupreous brown • the tuft on
metathorax white. Fore wing with the subbasal and antemedial
lines whitish ; the reniform, the specks on costa. the marginal and

v2

212 noctttidjE.

cilial species pure white. Hind wing cupreous fuscous, the cilia

^^^n'i form stellata the tuft behind the collar is tinged with
white • fore wing with clusters of white spots at base, round the
orbicular, which is white, and round the reniform ; series of white
ante- and postmedial, submarginal, marginal, and cilial specJis ;
some white on inner margin near base.
Eab. Sikhim. Exp. 33-42 milHrn.

1723. Euplexia leucospila, Wlk. Cat. xiii, p. 1114 ; C S,- S. no. 2084.

rf Difiers from the form stellata of albomaculata in the palpi
having the 2nd and 3rd joints white-tipped ; the orbicular with-
out white specks round it ; the reniform circular, with six specks
round it; the postmedial series more cui-ved. Hmd wing with a
cilial series of white specks. „ u. ■ ^

The Tenasserhn specimen is very much smaller than the typical

°™fl6. Sikhim ; Tenasserim. Exp. 26-42 millim.

1724 Euplexia albirena, Moore, P. Z. S. 1867, p. 53 ; C. &■ S.
no. 2068.

^ Differs from conducta in being rust-red Tore wing more
produced and acute at apex ; the reniform with some white on its
outer edte and a prominent white spot on its ower extremity
Cd wing dark brown ; underside with cell-spot and postmedial

^Hab. Sikhim; Calcutta. 46 millim.

Hadena postica, Wth. Cat. xi, p. 594.
Tt«rk red-brown. Tore wing narrow ; the subbasal ante- and
^ T^^nl doubk lines very indistinct, the last incurved at vein 4 ;
postmedial doiiWe l^e^ y j ^ ^ ^j^h some dark dashes

'''•rat^cXe tte orbt^^^^^ and clavifovm indistinct,

on it at centre tne o u ' ^^-^^ j^uer margin,

'TtSTowrpa " f the"^^^^^^^^ postmedial lines filled in with
ffi S wC brownish fuscous ; the basal area pale ; under-
S whi^fZ^^^th prominent cell-spot and broad marginal band.
Hah. Ceylon. Exp. 34 millim.

1726. Euplexia semifascia, TI'77. Ca^

Hot. viii, pi. lA hg. 11 V s 1874 p 578, C. S. no. 1957.
Euplexiacuprefl, Moore, P. A*- -LB'*. F-"' '
T. 1 AWnvcn Fore ^^^ng with the subbasal, ante- and post-
^e"btTa;.d VZ obUjue, the two latter approaching each

EUPLEXIA.

213

other at inner margin ami with the area between them dark, a dark
patch beyond the first above inner margin ; the orbicular large,

Fig. 126. — Euplexia semifasda, cJ . }.

indistinct, and fuscous; the reniform large, whitish, ill-defined,
and with dark centre ; an indistinct waved snbmarginal line, slightly
angled below the costa. Abdomen and hind wing fuscous, the-
latter with slight pale and dark marks on vein 2.

Closely allied to E. lucipara, Linn., from Europe.

Hah. N.W. Himalayas; Satara; Nilgiris. Exp. 38 millim.

1727. Euplexia metallica, Wlk. Cat. xxxii, p. 666 ; C. ^ S. no. 2076.

Differs from semifasda in being brighter red-brown ; abdomen
tinged with ochreous. Fore wing suffused with purple ; a rufous
hne on inner margin ; the ante- and postmedial hues further apart
at inner margin, the former more waved, the latter more curved ;
the submarginal hne more prominent. Hind wing with the ciha
white-tipped.

In one specimen the palpi are whitish in front ; the ante- and
postmedial lines straighter.

Bah. Sikhim ; Bombay. Exp. 45 millim.

1728. Euplexia discisignata, Moore, P. Z. 8. 1867, p. 67, pi. 6, fig. 9;

C. 4'- S. no. 19o8.

Euplexia stiiatovirens, Moore, P. Z. S. 1867, p. 58 ; C. ^ S. no. 1962.

Differs from semifasda in the base of the fore wing beino-
yellowish green; the antemedial hne yellow-green and evenly
curved ; the inner area between it and the postmedial line yellow-
green. Hind wing with the inner area whitish; cilia of both
wings rufous.

In discisignata the basal and postmedial areas of the fore wing
are pale, and black njarl«s come out strongly before the orbicular
and between it and the reniform ; in striatovirens the basal and
postmedial areas are brown, the latter with an ill-defined pale
band from costa before apex to vein 5, and no black marks round
the stigmata.

Hah. Sikhim. Exp. 35 millim.

1729. Euplexia albiplaga.

Euplexiii albonota, Hmpsn. III. Set. ix, p. 92, pi. 161, fiir 14
(prseocc). °'

214

NOCTTTIDjE.

S . Differs from seniifascia in the bead and thorax beinR black
and pale brown; the abdomen fuscous. Fore wing with the
ground-colour black ; the reniform very prominent and white ; the
area between the postmedial and submarginal lines whitish ; a
series of while marginal points. Hind wing smoky black, with
black and white marks on vein 2, and the cilia whitish.

Hub. Ceylon. Exp. 40 millim.

1730. Euplexia chalybeata, Moore, P. Z. S. 1867, p. 64 ; C. S,- S.

no. 2:271.

J . Dark red-brown. Eore wing irrorated with purplish scales ;
the subbasal, antemedial, postmedial, and submarginal waved lines
purplish and somewhat indistinct ; the orbicular and remform in-
distinct, the latter with some ochi-eous round its upper portion ; a
series of purplish marks on outer margin. Hind wing reddish
fuscous, -wdth some indistinct marginal purplish marks. Under-
side with a broad marginal purplish band.

Bab. Sikhim. E.vp. 62 millim.

1731. Euplexia stoliczkae, Feld. Reis. Nov. pi. 109, fig. 32 ; C. ^- S.

no. 2080.

Head and thorax brown, suffused with olive-green ; abdomen
fuscous Fore wing violaceous grey-brown, suiiused with oiiye-
green ; the subbasal, ante- and postmedial double waved lines in-
distinct ; the stigmata large and indistinct ; the submai;gmal waved
hne indistinct ; three pale specks on costa towards apex : a

m
of

□e inaisi/iucu ; i/iii.cc yji^-^ — v ; ^ j_i i

larginal series of lunules. Hind wmg dark fuscous ; the bases
t cilia ochreous ; underside with ceU-spot and irregularly waved

postmedial line- ^ . , e-.t -ir

Hab. Dalhousie ; Thandiam, Pmijab. Exp. 52 mdlim.

1732. Euplexia melanospila, Koll. migeVs Kaschmir, iv, p. 480.

EuiL auriplena, Wlk. Cat. xi, p. bbl ; Moore, Lep. Ceyl. u.,

nl 148 fio-. 2: t'. & & no. 1925. . .

Trachea atripHcis, Koll. {nee Linn.) HugeVs Kaschmr, iv, p. 4/9.

Head and thorax olive-green and dark ^^^'b^^" ; .^^f^^;''"^
rufous in male. Fore wing dark green, suffused ^v;lth dark broj. ,
and with purplish grey on the double hues and before the sub-
margTnal line; some specimens with golden-green marks near base
3 the stigmata, and on submarginal line; subbasal, ante- and
nostmedial wived black lines, the two latter approaching each other
Lwa'ds inner margin ; orbicular -d reniforni green ^nth nl0.e^
less nronounced dark centres; claviform replaced by a quaaiatc
white mark of varying size and shape, and often extending up into
Thetn tbf subLilinal line i-listinct, irreg jHy^^^^^^
black becoming white near inner margin. Hmd \Mng wnn tu.,
WlhaTwhiteor^suiiased with fuscous; the outer half fuscous

i)a6. Throughout India and Ceylon. E.vp. 58 miUim.

ETJPLBXIA.

215

1733. Euplexia aurigera, Wlk. Cat. xv, p. 1721 ; C. 8f 8. no. 1946.
Hndena megastigma, Wlk. Cat. xxxiii, p. 738 ; C. S. no. 1947.
Berrhoea olivacea, Moore, P. Z. S. 1881, p. 357 ; C. ^- S. no. 1948.

Differs from melanospila in the thoracic crests being red-brown ;
the orbicular and reniform being joined by a bar on median nervure
and with a smaller white spot below them ; the postmedial band
red-brown.

Hub. Sikhim. Exp. 42-50 millim.

1734. Euplexia albinota, Moore, P. Z. S. 1867, p. 58: C. & 8.

no. 1945.

Differs from auric/era in having no red-brown tints. Eore wing
with blue-grey scales on the transverse lines; the submarginal line
much more regular ; the marginal black spots absent.

Uab. Sikhim. Ejcp. 34 millim.

1735. Euplexia auroviridis, Moore, P. Z. 8. 1867, p. 59, pi. 6, fig. 11 ;

C. Si- 8. no. 1949.
Dianthcecia nivescens, Butl. III. Set. vii, p. 58, pi. 128, fig. 2.
Hadena albidisca, Moore, P. Z. 8. 1867, p. 59, pi. 6, ti"-. 17 :

C. Sr 8 no. 1932.

Head and thorax chestnut, with a greenish tinge ; palpi black
at sides ; abdomen fuscous, the dorsal tufts chestnut. Eore wing
sap-green, suffused with black, especially on basal inner area and
medial and marginal areas ; the subbasal, ante- and postmedial,
and submarginal black hnes edged with white, lunulate and
dentate ; a marginal series of white and black lunules ; the orbi-
cular, reniform, and claviform defined by small white lunules on
their edges ; in the form albidisca = nivescens a large pure white
patch occupies the reniform and extends to the claviform. Hind
wing fuscous, with traces of a cell-spot and postmedial line, which
are prominent on underside.

A form from the Nagas has the gi-een mostly replaced by golden
yellow. Fore wing with the area between the subbasal and ante-
medial lines whitish ; the patch of white on disk very large and
defined below bv black ; more white on outer margin.

Eab. Dharmsala ; Bengal ; Nagas ,• Nilgu-is. 32-34 millim.

1736. Euplexia literata, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 124 ; C. Sf 8. no. 1952.

S . Differs from auroviridis in the orbicular and reniform
stigmata being quadrate, and forming, with a band in the interno-
median interspace, a prominent Y-shaped green mark ; the double
lines filled in with green ; the postmedial line straighter, more
erect, and less lunulate.

Hab. Sikhim. Exp. 32 millim.

216

NOCTUIDyE.

1737. Euplexia calamistrata, Moore, Zej}. AtJc. p. 124, pi. 4, tig. 23;
a ^ S. no. 1U5U.

cJ . Head and thorax white, with a few brown and black scales ;
abdomen pale fuscous brown ; dorsal tufts tipped with black.
Fore wing pale olive ; traces of a double subbasal line, with black
patches beyond it below median nervui-e ; the antemedial line
white and diffused ; the orbicular, reniform, and claviform white
with black outline ; the postmedial line indistinct, exeurved be3'ond
cell, and white towards inner margin ; an indistinct white sub-
marginal line with black suffusion on it. Hind wing pale fuscous ;
underside with cell-spot and postmedial hue ; a marginal pale
band to both wings.

IJab. Sikhim, Kvp. 36 millim.

1738. Euplexia aurantiaca, n. sp.

Differs from auroviridis in the head, thorax, and fore wing
being golden-brown instead of green ; the last with the silvery-
white lines more prominent ; two antemedial lines, the first dentate,
the second waved ; the postmedial line more crenulate, the suffused
areas deeper golden-brown instead of black.

Hab. Sikhim 8000 feet {Mbller). Exjo. 34 milliin. Type in
coll. Elwes.

1739. Euplexia Stellifera, Moore, Lep.Atk. ^.12S; C. <§• iS. no. 1954.

cJ. Head, thorax, and fore wing brownish ochreous, which
has probably been olive-green in the fresh state, irrorated with
black scales ; abdomen fuscous brown. Fore wing with the sub-
basiil, antemedial, postmedial, and submarginal lines single and
consisting of disconnected white strigte ; a white hne on the
discocellulars ; ill-defined antemedial, medial, postmedial, and
submarginal broken and diffused black bands ; a marginal series
of black lunules. Hind wing dark fuscous ; underside fuscous,
with indistinct postmedial line to both wings.

Bah. Sikhim. Kvp. 44 millim.

1740. Euplexia lagenifera, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 114 ; C. i§- 5. no. 2094.

S. Head, thorax, and abdomen bright chestnut; collar ^^^th
grey lines, and tegute grev fringed with chestnut, lore wmg
pale pinkish chestnut; a double subbasal Hue; a shghtly sinuous
antemedial double line filled in with ochreous ; a similar post-
medial line dentate below the costa, exeurved round end ot cell and
approaching the antemedial line towards inner margin, the area
between the two lines bright chestnut; the orbicu ar a diffused
pinkish patch joined to the costa and to the lower part of renif oi m
which has a dark centre ; a submarginal dentate indistinct line

EUPLBXIA.

217

with a black spot on it below the oosta. Hind wing fuscous, the
costa and outer margiu reddish. Underside reddish ochreous, with
black cell-spot and postmedial line to each wing.
Bah. Sikhim. Exjp. 36 millim.

1741. Euplexia plumbeola, n. sp.

cj. Head and til orax slaty blue-grey ; abdomen fuscous. Fore
wing blue-grey ; the area between the subbasal and antemedial
lines ochreous ; reniform white and ochreous ; the postmedial line
treble and escurved beyond the cell ; an irregular submarginal
yellow-brown line or band. Hind wing pale fuscous or whitish,
with the outer area grey ; some dark suffusion on vein 2, and a
^\ hite submarginal waved hne from vein 4 to anal angle. Under-
side of fore wing with a black luuule at end of cell on a black-
speckled white patch ; hind wing white and black-speckled, w ith a
black cell-spot and waved postmedial line.

Hah. Sikhim {Moller). Exp. 44 millim. Type in coll. Elwes.

1742. Euplexia gemmifera, Wlh. Cut. xii, p. 934; C. Sr S. no. 1963.
Karana similis, Moore, P. Z. S. 1888, p. 407; JButl. Ill Met. vii,

pi. 128, ti^. 8.

Karana decorata, Moore, Zep. Atk. p. 107 ; C. Sf S. no. 1772.

Head and thorax clothed with black and white scales ; collar
and tegulsB with some metallic blue-green scales ; abdomen dark
brown. Fore wing black, with streaks of blue-green scales on
costa, median nervui'e, interno-median interspace, and inner
margin ; the subbasal and antemedial double lines filled in with
wiiite, the latter sending a tooth towards base in interno-median
interspace ; the orbicular small and pure white ; reniform quadrate,
white with two black spots on it, and with white marks on the
costa above it ; claviform a white lunule ; a submarginal series of
black spots edged by metallic blue-gi-een lunules, with some ferru-
ginous beyond them. Hind v\ ing white, the costal and outer areas
siitfused with fuscous ; a faint postmedial line.

The form similis has the markings of the fore wing silvery
white instead of creamy and the claviform small ; decorata has
the whole hind wing black except the white points and a patch
towards anal angle, on the ciUa.

Bab. Dharmsala ; Sikhim ; Poona ; Nilgiris. E.r^j. 40 millim.

1743. Euplexia alhovittata, Moore, P. Z. S. 1867, p. 57, pi. 6, fig. IG;

C. S. no. 1950.

Euplexia sinuata, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 125, pi. 4, fig. 25 ; C. &• S.
no. 1960.

Head and thorax black ; tips of palpi and basal tufts of antenna
white ; the tuft on metathorax white, with rufous edges ; abdomen
black, whitish at base. Fore wing with the basal area black-

218

NOCTUIDiE.

brown, its edge oblique and tootbed near inner margin ; a broad
irregular vvbite baud, narrow at costa ; a broad medial dark baud,
witb the costal half blue-black, the orbicular and reuitorm being
slightly indicated by white lines, its inner half red-brown and its
inner and outer edges angled in iuterno-median interspace ; the
outer area white, iiTorated with fuscous, with traces of a rufous
postraedial band from costa to vein 5 ; a broad marginal blue-
black band from costa to vein 2, its lower part with traces of
dentate pale marks. Hind wing fuscous, the basal and inner
areas whitish ; some white and black marks on vein 2 towards
outer margin. Underside of fore wing with a prominent white
cell-spot.

The Japanese form has more reddish suifusion on fore wing,
and sinuata from Sikhim has the white markings very much
reduced.

Bab. Japan ; Sikhim. ^a^^j. 44 millira.

1744. Euplexla distorta, Moore, P. Z. S. 1881, p. 354, pi. 38, fig. 18 ;
C. S. no. 1959.

Head black, the extremity of palpi and basal joint of antennae
white ; collar black, broadly fringed with white ; thorax black, with
broad white stripes on vertex and patagia ; abdomen fuscous black,
whitish at base; legs black and white. Tore wing white, with
broad irregular basal and subbasal black bands, conjoined at inner
margin ; a large triangular black patch on centre of costa; a very
irregular black band from the lower angle of cell to mner margin ;
a spot beyond the cell ; a triangular patch on the costa before
apex ; an irregular submarginal band, not reaching the costa or
inner margin, with its outer edge dentate. Hind wing white, with
an apical black patch continued towards anal angle as a series of
conjoined spots.

Hob. Sikhim. Exp. 36 millim.

B. Hind iving yellow.
a. Palpi ivith ilie 3rd joint reaching vertex of head.
1745. Euplexla inepta, Butl. III. Ket. vii, p. 55, pi. 127, figs. 6, 7.

Dark brown ; abdomen ochreous at extremity. Fore wing with
the subbasal and antemedial double waved hues indistmct ; the
orbicular indistinct, with black outhne ; the reniform ochreous-
brown; the claviform and postmedial and submarginal lines
indistinct, the second excurved beyond the cell. Hind wing pale
Yellow : the basal area and area below median uervure suftused
with fuscous ; an indistinct postmedial line ; a broad fuscous

'"'some^pldmens have the thorax and outer area of fore wing
pale, the reniform white.

Hah. Dharmsahi. Exp. 46 miilim.

BUPIiHXIA.

219

1746. Euplexia diminuta, Butl. III. Het. vii, p. 65, pi. 127, figs. 8, 9.

Differs from inepta in the hind wang having the discocellulars
dark and no postmedial line.

Hah. Dharmsdla. Exjp. 34-38 millim.

1 747. Euplexia indica, Moore, P. Z. 8. 1881, p. 344 ; C. 8f S. no. 2048.

Differs from inepta in the fore wing having the outer half not
paler ; the postmedial Hne not liinulate ; the submarginal line
straighter. Hind wing with the basal area not suffused ; the
marginal band not broader at apex.

Hub. Mussooree. Exp. 45 millim.

1748. Euplexia confecta, Wlk. Cat. xv, p. 1705; C. ^- S. no. 2028.

Agrotis hyblffia, Feld. Reis. Nov. pi. 108, fig. 43 ; C. 8. no. 1980.
Eliochi'oea curtipalpis, Butl. III. Met. vii, p. 74, pi. 131, tigs. 7, 8.

Head and thorax dark olive-brown ; abdomen blaok-brown, the
segments ringed with yellow. Fore wing olive-brown ; the sub-
basal, ante- and postmedial double waved lines, and single submar-
ginal line indistinct ; the orbicular almost obsolete ; the reniform
with the lower part outlined with black and often filled in with
white some black marks on the submarginal line between the
costa and vein 3. Hind wing orange-yellow, a large blackish patch
on basal area and below median nervure ; a broad, very irregular,
black marginal band expanding at apex ; ciha yellow except at
middle.

Bab. N.W. Himalayas. Hxp). 42-52 millim.

b. Palpi ivith the 3rd joint long and reaching far above vertex

of head.

1749. Euplexia pulcherrima, Moore, P. Z. 8. 1867, p. 54, pi. 6, fig. 3 ;

C. (-5- 8. no. 2030.
Epilecta opulenta, Butl. P. Z. 8. 1883, p. 160 ; C. ^ 8. no. 2029.

Differs from confecta in having yellowish-green or green suffusion
on the thorax and on the transverse lines of fore wing and reni-
form ; the median inner area often suffused with black ; one
specimen has the orbicular, reniform, and postmedial area grey,
with no green suffusion.

Bab. N. W. Himalayas ; Sikhim ; Nilgiris. Exp. 52 millim.

Sect. III. Antennte fasciculated in male.
A. Fm-e iving ivith the apex not produced.

1750. Euplexia atrovirens, 3Ioore, P. Z. 8. 1867, p. 58 ; C.^ 8. no. 1933.
Head and thorax green and brown ; palpi dark at sides ; abdo-

220

TfOCTUIDJE.

men fuscous brown. Eore wing green suffused with brown,
especially on medial area and near base of inner maj'gin ; the
subbasal, ante- and postmedial double waved lines fairly prominent ;
the orbicular and reuiform green and subquadrate ; claviform
black ; a waved black line from reniform to inner margin ; the
submarginal line pale, with a chestnut baud before it and some
dark marks on it below apex; a lunulate marginal black line ; cilia
black at emargi nations. Hind wing brownish fuscous, with
indistinct postmedial and submarginal pale bands.
IJah. Sikhim ; Khasis. Exp. 40 miUim.

1751. Euplexia pardaria, TIfoore, Lep. Atk. p. 114, pi. 4, fig. 12;

C. S. no. 2096.
Luperina olivascens, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 114 ; C. ^ 8. no. 2095.

5 . Differs from atrovirens in being more ochreous (probably
from fading), the orbicular and reniform more rounded ; the post-
medial line more irregularly lunulate ; no rufous before the sub-
marginal line, which is broader and more lunulate. Hind -wing
dark brown without markings. Underside pinkish; both wings
with a large dark luuule at end of cell ; hind wing with a post-
medial line.

Hab. Sikhim. Exp. 38 millim.

1752. Euplexia venosa, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 124 ; C. S,- S. no. 1955.

S . Head and thorax olive-green, with a few rufous and black
scales ; abdomen fuscous. Tore wing olive-green suffused with
rufous ; the subbasal, ante- and postmedial waved lines with
patches of deep black on their edges ; the orbicular and reniform
quadrate and joined to a band below the cell, so as to form an
indistinct Y-shaped mark with a black V in its arms ; a black sub-
marginal mark below the apex ; some pale costal specks towards
apex; the veins greyish. Hind wing dark fuscous, the cilia
whitish ; underside suffused with grey ; a black streak from the
base in the cell ; a cell-spot and postmedial line.

Hab. Sikhim. Exp. bO millim.

*1753. Euplexia? confluens, Moore, P. Z. S. 1881, p. 354, pi. 38,
fig. 20 ; C.Sf S. no. 1951.

cJ . Dark purplish brown. Eore wing with ochreous black-
edged sinuous subbasal and antemedial lines ; the orbicular and
reniform ochreous with brown centres and nearly coujonied on
median nervure ; claviform black ; bases of veins 2 and 3 pale ; a
waved postmedial ochreous black-edged line ; a pale brown-edged
submarginal line. Hind wing fuscous, palest at base ; an indis-
tinct postmedial line ; cilia ochreous.

Mab. Sikhim. Exp. 36 millim.

EUPLBXIA.

221

1754. Euplexia mucronata, 3Ioore, P. Z. S. 1881, p. 345, pi. 38, fig. 8 ;

a 4- & no. 2056.

d . Pale ochreous brown ; thorax and fore wing slightly tinged
with reddish. Tore wing with the subbasal and autemedial waved
black lines fairly prominent, the latter excurv'ed ; the orbicular
and reniform pale and prominent ; claviform a slight black lunule ;
the postmedial double line minutely waved, oblique, and approach-
ing the antemedial line at inner margin ; the outer margin
irregidarly dark, with a series of black lunules on it. Hind wing
dark fuscous ; underside pale, with cell-spot and waved postmedial
line.

Mah. Sikhim. Exjj. 32 milUm.

1755. Euplexia heterocampoides, n. sp.

Head and thorax white and black ; palpi and underside black ;
abdomen pale or dark fuscous. Pore wing white suffused •ndth
olive-green ; the transverse Unes white with black edges ; some
black suffusion be3'ond the subbasal line ; the antemedial line
angled and cui-ved and with the inner black edge obsolete; the
postmedial line prominent and approaching the antemedial Hue at
inner margin, the area between them being suffused with black
and brown ; the orbicular and reniform ill-defined, with dark
centres and broad olive borders ; the submarginal line obsolescent,
white, with three prominent dark dentitions below middle ; cilia
black, with white points. Hind wing pale fuscous, with an indis-
tinct white lunulate submarginal band. Underside with a broad
marginal whitish band to fore wing.

Hab. Kulu ; Silthim. Exp. 42 millim. Type in B. M.

B. (Chutapha). Fore wing slightly more produced at apex,
1756. Euplexia costalis, Moore, Lejx Atk. p. 131 ; C. ^ S. no. 1973.

c? . Head, thorax, and fore wing reddish ochreous, which has
probably been oHve-green in the fresh state; abdomen pale
fuscous, with the dorsal tufts reddish. Pore wing with a pale
fascia below the costa ; a double subbasal waved black Kne ; an
antemedial straight erect line; orbicular and reniform pale and
conjoined to a pale patch below median nervure, with black lower
edge ; the postmedial double line indistinct and nearly straight ; a
submarginal irregularly waved pale line with diffused dark inner
edge, llind wing pale fuscous ; a marginal whitish baud with
dentate inner edge.

Hub. Sikliim. E.vjj. 42 millim.

222

NOCTUIDiE.

Sect. IY. Antennae bi pectinated in male, with very short

branches.

1757. Euplexia icamba, Swinh. A. M. N. H. (6) xii, p. 260.

S . Head and thorax black-brown with a reddish tinge ; abdo-
men dark fuscous, reddish towards extremity. Fore wirig golden
green suffused with black, except before autemedial line and on
marginal area ; a subbasal waved black line ; an oblique ante-
medial dentate line with a strong tooth near inner margin, w here it
almost joins the lunulate postmedial line; orbicular and reniform
dark and ill-defined ; the submarginal line prominent and lunulate ;
cilia black at emarginations. Hind wing pale fuscous, with indistinct
diffused dark postmedial and submarginal lines; cilia black with
M'hite points.

Hah. Sikhim ; Khasis. Exp. 46 millim. Type in B. M.

1758. Euplexia cyanelinea, n. sp.

S . Differs from icamha in the head, thorax, and abdomen being
pale red-brown. Pore wing with the green ai-ea less suffused ; the
ante- and postmedial lines metallic blue-grey. Hind wuig dark
fuscous ; cilia of both wings tipped with white.

Hab. Sikhim, 10,000 feet (Elwes). Exp. 45 millim. Type in
coll. Elwes.

Sect. V. (CJiandata). Antennas bipectinated in male,
the branches long.

1759. Euplexia pectinata, Warr. P. Z. S. 1888, p. 308 ; Hmpm. III.

Het. viii, pi. 143, fig. 4.
Euplexia fasciata, Hmpm. III. Het. viii, p. 77, pi. 145, fig. 20.

Differs from alhovittata (p. 217) in the palpi and metathoracic tuft
beino- but slightly white ; the abdomen dark at base ; fore wing \\\{h.
a black spot detached from the basal area ; the medial dark band
hardly angled at outer edge ; the postmedial band replaced by a
rufous spot beyond the cell ; the dentitions on the lower part of
the marginal band prominent. Hind wing and underside black,
the former with the marks on vein 2, the latter with a white cell-
spot to each wing. . , . . ,

In the form fasciata from the Nilgms there is a prominent
dark postmedial band from the cosla to vein 5 instead of the
rufous spot.

Hah. Dharmsdla ; Nilgiris. Exp., 6 40, ? 42 millim.

1760. Euplexia partita, 3Ioore, Lep. Ath. p. 114, pi. 4, fig. 16 ; C. & S.

no. 2093.

S . Head white, blaclc below ; collar white, fringed with black ;
thorax black, the patagia with white patches ; abdomen hmcon^
black. Pore wing bluish white; two interrupted waved black

EUPLEXIA. — ANOAKA.

223

■subbasal lines ; an interrupted antemedial line, expanding into a
spot below the median nervure ; a triangular black medial patch
on the costa, centred with blue-grey, and extending downwards
between the faint orbicular and reniform stigmata ; the postmedial
line interrupted and excurved round a black spot beyond the
reniform; the submarginal line almost obsolete, except towards
costa and inner margin, with some fuscous patches between it and
the postmedial line and a black spot beyond it near outer angle ;
a marginal black line ; cilia intersected with black. Hind wing
dark fuscous ; the cilia white in places.

Hah. Sikhim, 10,000 feet. Exp. 24 milhm.

1761. Euplexia lagemformis, n. sp.

S . Differs from lagenifera (p. 216) in having the collar and
patngia brown and the antennfe with long branches.

Bab. Sikhim {Atkinson). Exp. 36 millim. Type in coll. Elwes.

1762. Euplexia heterocampa, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 115, pi. 4, fi^. 15 :

C. ^ S. no. 2097.

Exactly similar to heterocampa ides (p. 221), but with long
branches to the antennae.

Hab. Sikhim. Exp. 42 millim.

Genus ANGARA.

Ancara, W/k. Cat. xv, p. 1714 (1858).

Data, Wlk. Journ. Linn. Sac. vi, p. 191 (1862).

Sydiva, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 95 (1882).

Type, A. replicans, Wlk., from Borneo.

i?a?7r/e. Himalayas; S.India; Ceylon; Khasis; Andamans ;
Boi'neo.

Differs from Euplexia in the second joint of palpi reaching
vertex of head ; the third joint long.

Sect. I. {Ancara). AntennjB hipectinated in both sexes; the
branches long in male ; palpi with the 3rd joint obliquely
porrect ; eyes without lashes.

1763. Ancara oWiterans, WUc. Cat. xv, p. 1715; Hmpsn. III. Het

viii, pi. 14.3, ti{r. 19.
Ancara punctiplaga, Wlk, Journ. Linn. Soc. vi, p. 191.

Eed-brown ; abdomen fuscous, with the dorsal tufts red-brown.
Fore wing with the subbasal, antemedial, postmedial, and sub-
marginal Hues very indistinct, the last with some dark streaks and
patches on it near middle; the stigmata indistinct; a lunulate
marginal line. Hind wing reddish fuscous.

224 KOCTCIDJE.

Ill the form jmnctiplar/a there is a large ochreous patch beyond
the cell of the fore wing.

Fig. 127. — Ancara obliterans, i^. }.
Hah. Nilgiris ; Ceylon ; Borneo. Exp. 53 millim.

*1764. Ancara ? leucostigma, Moore, P. Z. S. 1867, p. 51 ; C. S,- S.
no. 2055.

Head, collar, and patagia chestnut; thorax and abdomen
ochreous grey. Fore wing chestnut; the inner margin pale ; sub-
basal, ante- and postmedial double waved lines, the last incurved
to lower angle of cell; orbicular with darkouthne; remform white
and quadrate ; a black line between the stigmata, and another
outlinin<^ the claviform, which is represented by a dark patcli ; a
submarginal dentate dark line; some dark suffusion on costa
before middle and on outer margin. Hind wing fuscous, pale at
base.

Hob. "Bengal." Exp. 54 miUim.

Sect II. (Sydiva). Antennas minutely serrated in male, simple
in female; palpi with the 3rd joint porrect; eyes lashed.

1765. Ancara nigrogrisea, Moore, Lap. Atk. p. 96 ; C. S,- S. no. 1649.

Head and thorax black, grizzled with wMte ;
with the dorsal tufts black; legs ringed ^^^^h while. Foie wing
black thickly irrorated with white scales and crossed by about
seven dentate black lines ; the stigmata indistmc ; a whit^e spe k
on reniform at lower angle of cell; a ^-^-'^^-^^^^'J^^^^
dashes with white specks on them; cdia streaked witli wh e
nld wing fuscous, Jth traces of a postmedial hue ; cdia with a
series of white specks, and tipped with white.

Hab. Sikhim. Exy. 56 millim.

Sect III. Antennas ciliated in male ; palpi with the 3rd joint
upturned ; eyes without lashes.

Q766. Ancara harfordi, u. sp.

Head and thorax very dark red-brown; abdomen fuscous, the

ANCABA.

225

dorsal tufts darker. Pore wing dark red-brown with a purplish
gloss ; the double waved subbasal, aute- and postinedial lines
iudisfcinct ; the stigmata with slight black outliaes ; a white lunule
on reniform; some rufous streaks before the submarginal line,
which consists of a series of small lunulate marks ; a marginal
series of smaU black lunules. Hind wing pale fuscous, with traces
of a medial line.

Eab. Sunla (Harford). Exp. 52 millim. Type in B. M.

1767. Ancara rubra, n. sp.

c? . Head and thorax deep vinous red ; abdomen fuscous, with
ochreous anal tuft. Fore wing vinous red, with indistinct double
subbasal, ante- and postmedial double waved lines ; the orbicular
and reniform indistinct, the latter with a white lunule on its outer
edge ; the claviform a black lunule ; an irregularly sinuous sub-
marginal line, with three dark dashes on it at centre ; three white
specks on costa towards apex. Hind wing fuscous, the ciHa
ochreous ; underside with cell-spot and postmedial line.

Hab. Sikhim {Mdller). Exp. 44 milliin. Type in coll. Elwes.

1 768. Ancara thalpopMloides, Wlh. Joum. Linn. Soo. vi, p. 192.
Thalpophila cuprea, Moore, P. Z. S. 1877, p. 604, pi. 59, fig-. 10 ;

a ^- S. no. 2046.
Thalpophila delineata, Moore, Lev. Ceyl. iii, p. 25, pi. 146, fig. 5 :
C. ^ S. no. 2047.

Head and thorax red-brown; abdomen yellow, the extremity
red-brown. Fore -ndng red-brown, the veins pale ; a waved sub-
basal line ; the ante- and postmedial waved lines forming, with the
orbicular and reniform, a broad Y-shaped band, of which the outer
arm is broad, with one or two white specks on it representing the
reniform; a submarginal dentate line, with some white on it
towards costa ; a marginal series of lunules. Hind wing lemon-
yellow, with broad marginal red-brown band slightly angled at
middle, and broader in the female than the male. Underside pale,
suffused and irrorated with red-brown ; both wings with a lunulate
postmedial line, highly lunulate and curved on hind wing, which
has a spot at end of cell.

The Ceylon form delineata has the ground-colour rather darker.

Bab. Ceylon ; Andamans ; Borneo. Exp. 38 millim.

1769. Ancara calopistrioides, Moore, P. Z. S. 1881, p. 344 : C. &■ S

no. 2045.

2 . Differs from thalpopMloides in the ground-colour of the
fore wing being darker, the Unes and veins white ; the apical half,
of submarginal line very highly dentate.

Hab. Khasis. Exp. 40 millim.

VOL. u.

226

NOCTTJIDiE.

1770. Ancara glaucochlora, n. sp.

cJ Head and collar pale reddish ; thorax pale green ; abdomen
pale "red, with large dorsal green tufts. Tore wing whitish, irro-
rated with fuscous ; the basal and medial areas pale sdvery green ;
two indistinct subbasal lines, the outer excurved and nearly
ioinina the curved antemedial line at inner margin ; a aittused
medial oblique line ; very irregular dentate postmedial and sub-
marginal lines. Hind wing pale fuscous, yellowish at base; an
indistinct cell-spot and whitish medial line. Underside dirty
ochreous, with three fuscous bands on each wmg, the outer one

^Ta6. Sikhim (7%ye«0- ^^oy. 48 miUim. Type in coll. Knyvett.

Genus MAGUSA.

MaMsa, mJc. Cat xi, p. 762 (1857).
Sasunaga, Moore, P. Z. S. 1881, p. 342.

Type, M. strigifera, Wlk., from the Amazons.
lianc/e. S. America ; India and Ceylon.

Differs from Euplexia in the third joint of palpi reaching above
vertex of head ; the dorsal tufts of abdomen slight ; fore wing very
long and narrow, the apex rounded, the outer margin oblique.

1771. Magusa tenebrosa, Moore, P. Z. S. 1867, p. 59; C. Sr S.
no. 2044.

Dark and red-brown or black and grey. Fore wing with slight
streaks in the interspaces ; the transverse hues almost obsolete ,
he orbicular small, circular, and T^-^"* ^^y^S

almost obsolete; a dark patch on costa betore apex; the apical

Fig. 128. — Magusa tenebrosa, $ . }•
and basal inner areas and the outsr angle often grey or red-brora.

^'^IrSL'rsibSTPoona; Nilgiri.; Ceylon. E.,. 36-42
millim.

BUEOIS.

227

Genus EUEOIS.

Eurois, Hi'dm. Verz. p. 217 (1818).
Cliiripha, Wlk. Cat. ix, p. 200 (1856).
Cliecupa, Mooi-e, P. Z. S. 1867, p. 60.

Type, E. occulta, Linn., from Europe.

Ranr/e. Nearctic and Palsearctic regions ; throughout India and
Ceylon ; Assam Hills.

Eyes naked and without lashes ; proboscis fully developed • palpi
upturned, reaching vertex of head, and smoothly scaled ; thorax
with a small furrowed tuft behind collar and a pair of tufts on
metathorax; abdomen without tufts, the dorsal part of proximal
segments clothed with coarse hair; tibis without spines- fore
wing with the cilia crenulate. ,

Sech. I. Antenna} of male fasciculate.
A. Fore wing short and broad.

1772; Eurois^^ta^^^^^^^ ^. , ^,„^„.

5 . Head and thorax dark red-brown ; abdomen fuscous Fore
wing dark red-brown; subbasal and antemedial obKque, slightly
waved doub e hnes filled in with « hite ; the orbicular and reniforin
with whitish outhne and dark centre ; a postmedial double line
failed in with white acutely angled beyond the cell, and slightly
waved from the angle to inner margin, where it nearly meets the
antemedial ine; a pale streak on inner margin; an irregularly
waved obsolescent submarginal pale line ; a marginal lunulate
black hne. Hind wmg dark fuscous, the bases of cilia ochreous •
■ underside with a cell-spot and postmedial line, '
Mab. Sikhim; Ceylon, ^^p. 40 millim,

1773. Eurois luteifrons, Wlk Cat. xi, p. 751 ; C ^ S. no. 1953.

Differs from r^fmA^ns in the head being ochreous ; the abdomen
tinged with ochreous. Fore wing with the postmedial line curbed

beyond It ; the submarginal line reduced to a series of pale specks
on dark lunules. Hmd wing with the basal area tinged ^w tb
ochreous ; traces of a postmedial Une.
Bab. Kashmir; Khasis. Exj). 88 miHim.

^^207^'°'^*^' P- P^- 4. %• 8 I C. ^- S.

Head and thorax dark red-brown, irrorated with grey : abdomen
reddish ochreous. Pore wing dark red-brown, irrorfted ;ith grey
the subbasal and antemedial double waved dark lines oblique the
orbicular and remform conjoined on median ne^uie and

Q2

228 ITOOTtJIDiE.

slight oohreous outlines, the latter with a red lunule on it, the
area surrounding them in and heyond the cell darker ; the sub-
marf^inal line dentate ; a series of marginal lunules. Hmd wmg
ochreous fuscous ; underside with an indistinct cell-spot and post-
medial line.

Hah. Sikhim. Exp. 42 milhm.

17V5. Eurois separata, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 107 ; C. ^ S. no. 2146.

^ Differs from luteifrons in the fore wing heing fuscous ; the
antemedial hne with three angles in it and more erect; the
orbicidar and reniform larger and better defined ; a submarginal
irregularly sinuous line without rufous on its inner edge, llmd
wing with a greyish marginal hand; underside with indistinct
postmedial aud submarginal Unes to each wing.

Hab. Sikhim. Ex2X 40 millim.

1776. Enrols simulata, Moore, P. Z. S. 1881, p. 343, pi. 38, fig. 1 ;

C. i S. no. 2148.

Differs from separata in the markings of the fore wing being
reddSh?nstead of^hitish. Hind wing with a ^-^1-^^^^;-^^
the ciha. Underside with the pale marginal band to both v.ings
more prominent.

Hab. Sikhim. Exp. 46 milhm.

1777. Eurois alhicostata, n. sp.

Head and collar whitish; thorax and abdomen fuscous. Fore
win. reddLh brown, suffused with purplish fuscous, with a broad
fal wh tish fasc a on which are some black specks towards
r/ex S icuW oblique, whitish, joined to the fuscous ren.
E'and continued as an oblique streak to ^ ^^^^^^^^^^^^^
1.1.^^ mark between the orbicular aud reniform; beyond the leni
black maiK ^i^^^p mersing mto the whitish costal fascia ;

'""Trliu.l^iSarford). ^..p. 28 millim. Type in B. M.

1778 Eurois lubrica, Butl. III. Het. vii. p. 60, pi. 128, tig. 9.

w A ...A thorax black, irrorated with grey scales; abdomen
Head and thorax uicn.iv, i ivrm-nted with grey scales ;

pale fuscous. Pore wing f^^^cous blac^^urmated wrth y
a pale basal patch on cos al area the subbasa an ^.^^^^

BTJEOIS.

229

irregularly-waved line whitish ; cilia with the bases white, the tips
dark.

Hob. Dharinsala. Exp. 46 millim.

1779. Eurois grlseimarginata, n. sp.

5 . Fuscous black. Fore wing with the double subbasal, aute-
aud postmedial aud single waved submarginal line indistinct ; the
orbicular and renif orm indistinct ; a marginal series of pale specks.
Underside with a postmedial line ; a grey marginal baud to both
wings, broad on fore wing.

Hab. Dalhousie {Harford). Exp. 46 millim. Type in B. M.

1780. Enrois leucosticta, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 129, pi. 4, fie-. 22:

C. ^ 8. no. 1976.

S . Head and thorax dark olive, variegated with white ; abdomen
fuscous, the terminal half tinged with pink. Eore wing olive,
much variegated with white, especially between the waved black
sub-basal and antemedial oblique lines and between the obliquely
lunulate postmedial and ill-detined irregular submarginal line;
the orbicular and reniform white, with oHve centres ; a large white
patch on median nervure below the orbicular ; a marginal series of
black specks. Hind wing fuscous ; the underside tinged with
pink, and with conspicuous cell-spot and postmedial line.

Hab. Wikhim, 10,000 feet. Exp. 32 millim.

1781. Eurois flavipicta, n. sp.

S ■ Head and thorax clothed with brown, red-brown, and yellow
hair ; abdomen fuscous. Pore wing grey-brown, suffused in parts
with pale chestnut; some yellow patches on the basal area; a
black streak from the base above vein 1 ; the ante- and postmedial
lines yellow, rather close together below the cc41, and the area
between them blackish, with the large orange-centred yellow
orbicular on it ; the reniform barely traceable ; the submarginal
sinuous hne yellow. Hind vwng dark fuscous; underside with
cell-spot and postmedial line.

Hab. Sikhim, 10,000 feet (Mdller). Exp. 32 milhm. Type in
coll. Elwes.

B. (Checupa). Fore wing long and narrow.

1782. Enrols fortissima, Moore, P. Z. S. 1867, p. GO, pi. 6, 6g. 5:

a ^ &: no. 1972. ^ ' o ,

cJ . Head and thorax golden green and brown. Eore wing
golden green ; a brown patch at base, bounded by the double-
waved subbasal line ; a broad brown antemedial band crossed by
the double lines, filled in with green ; the orbicular and reniform
green with diffused dark centres, and a brown patch between
them ; a brown patch beyoud the cell, bounded by the double

230

NOCTTJIDjB.

lunulate postmedial lines, which are much incurved below end of
cell ; a series of submargiual M'hite points with dark lunules before
them and marginal specks beyond them. Abdomen and hind wing
dark brown ; underside with cell-spot and u'regularly waved line ;
both wings with a series of marginal spots.
Bah. ISikhim. Exp. 58 millim.

Sect. II. Antennas of male bipeccinate, the branches short.

1783. Eurois chalyheata, Wlk. Cat. xxxii, p. 665 ; C. 8f S. uo. 2071.
Mamestra suti'usa, Aloore, P. Z. S. 1867, p. 52 ; C. J^- S. no. 20bl.

c? . Head and thorax dark red-brown with a ferruginous tinge ;
abdomen darker. Fore wing ferruginous red; the subbasal and
antemedial double waved lines indistinct ; the orbicular, reniforra,
and claviform with dark outhne, the reniform with a fulvous or
rarely white spot on its outer edge ; the curved postmedial double

line lunulate; the submargiual irregularly waved line with pale
outer edge; a lunulate marginal dark line; three pale specks
on costa towards apex. Hind wing fuscous brown ; ciha with an
ochreous line through them ; underside with cell-spot and post-
medial hne.

2 . Duller and less ferruginous ; fore wing with the apex more
produced and outer margin more oblique ; one specimen with, the
margin ochreous.

Bab. Kulu ; Sikhim ; Khasis. Kvp., c? 48, $ 58 miUim.

Sect. III. Antennse of male minutely ciliated.
1784. Eurois tnvoluta, Wlk. Cat. ix, p. 201 ; C. S. no. 2141.

2 Head, thorax, and abdomen whitish with a fuscous tinge ;
palpi blacldsh at sides. Eore wing black, with the costal area and
veins whitish ; three subbasal white streaks (one oblique below
costa, one angled below the cell, the third curved above inner
margin)- two postmedial streaks (one curved beyond lower angle
of celi; the other angled below vein 2); a highly dentate mt^^r-
rupted submargiual white Une ; a white margmal band, nma
wing fuscous, whitish on basal and inner areas, with a cell-spot
and postmedial line.

Bab. N.W. Himalayas. -Ei^J. 52 millim.

EUEOIS. POLIA.

231

1785. Eurois virens, Butl. A. M. N. H. (5) i, 1878, p. 194 ; id. III.
Ilct. iii, pi. 45, tig-. 5 ; C. S. no. J 930 a.
Eurois magnilica, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 127 ; C. Sf S. no. 1928.

Head and thorax yellow-green ; the second joint oi; palpi and
tufts on thorax red-brown ; abdomen slaty blue. Fore wing dark
brown ; the costal area suffused with green ; the subbasal and
antemedial double waved lines tilled in with green ; the orbicular
and reniform with reddish outlines and dark centres, the latter
with a pale lunule in centre ; the postmedial double lunulate line
filled in with grey ; three white specks on costa towards apex ; a
subinarginal series of black and green lunules, the black part being
elongate in one lunule below the costa and two above middle ; a
marginal series of small black and rufous lunules ; cilia red-brown.
Hind wing slaty blue, fuscous towards outer margin; the cilia
pure white.

The Siithim form magnifica has the inner area of fore wing
reddish, the hind wing brown.

Hah. Japan ; Dharmsala ; Thandiani ; Sikhim. Exp. 70 miUim.

Genus POLIA.

Polia, Ochs. Eur. SchmeU. iv, p. 73 (1816).
Ciymodes, Guen. Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr. 1841, p. 238.
Nikara, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 128 (1882).
Dimya, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 121.
*Hyada, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 129.

Type, P. flavioincta, Schiff., from Europe.

Range. Nearctic and Paltearctic regions ; Himalayas ; Khasis.

Differs from Eurois in the eyes having lashes, the palpi, head,
and thorax being much more hairy, the last without tufts ; cilia
of fore wing but slightly crenulate.

Sect. I. {Polia). Antennae ciliated.
A. Fore wing hroad.

1786. Polia herchatra, Stoinh. A. M. N. H. (6) xii, p. 260.

Head and thorax clothed with golden brown, black, and grey
hair; abdomen pale, with orange anal
tuft. It'ore wing clothed with black,
golden, and grey scales ; a large yellow
patch at base below median nervure ;
the subbasal and antemedial waved lines
outlined wath grey ; the orbicular grey ;
the reniform with yellow marks on its
inner and outer margins ; the post-
medial lunulate line outlined with grey,
curved, and nearly meeting the ante-

Fig. 130.

Polia herchatra, ^ .

medial line' at inner margin ; a series of irregularly placed sub-

232

NOCTUID^.

maro-inal orange dashes ; cilia chequered brown and orange. Hind
wing pule fuscous, with traces of a lunule at end of cell ; a
postmedial line and submarginal band ; cilia orange-yellow ; under-
side with cell-spot and irregular postmedial line.

Hah. Sikhim ; Khasis. Exp. 36 millim. Type in B. M.

1787. Polla sikkimensis, Mom-e, P. Z. S. 1881, p. 348, pi. 38, fig. 16;
C. ^ S. no. 2101.

Differs from Jwchatra in being of a duller colour. Pore wing
with the ante- and postmedial lines obscure ; the orbicular and
reniform whitish, the latter large and prominent; the yellow
dashes of the submarginal line smaller ; cilia of both wings grey.

In another form the whole of the markings of the tore wing
are obscured and only just indicated, so that it is nearly umiormly
dark irrorated with yellow scales.

Mab. Sikhim, 10,000 feet. Exp. 28-32 milhm.

1788. Polia canosparsa, n. sp.

Differs from lierchaira in being much darker, the head but
slightly tinged with yellow ; thorax and abdomen without yellow.
Fore wing slightly irrorated with pale yellow and grey, the mark-
ings less prominent ; the submarginal hue slightly outlined with
svej and with no yellow spots ; cilia black and grey. Hind %vuig
darker towards outer margin, the cilia tipped with grey.

Hah. Sikhim, 12,000 feet (JElwes). Exp. 38 mdlim. Type
in coll. Elvves.

1789. Polia transversa, Moore Lep Ath. P- 125; -5- no. 19^
Hecatera modesta, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 125 -,0.^8. no. 1969.

9 Head and thorax clothed with grey and black scales ; ab-
domen fuscous. Eore wing clothed with black, white, and ochreous
Ses ; indistinct double waved subbasal, antemedial and postmedial
waved hnes; the orbicular and reniform with white edges and
aX Pioni nent, the latter conjoined at its lower side to the
Sved postmedial Hne ; a prominent white dentate subuiargina
IS Hind wing fuscous ; underside with cell-spot and postmedial

^'""The form transversa has the ba.al and outer areas of fore wing
whitish, the medial band darker, whilst -f^^^^^^^^
iTaft. Kashmir ; Thandiani, Punjab. Exp. 38 milhm.

1790 Polia endroma, Sivmh. A. 31. N. H. (0) xii, p. 259.

9. Head, thorax, and fore wing bright chestnut ; tbe last with
an obhquely excurved blue-grey antemedial nie the area Mon^
it irrorated with blue-grey scales; the orbicular and lenifonn

POIIA.

233.

indistinct, the former oblique ; a postmedial bine-grey line angled
at vein 5, the area beyond it irrorated with blue-grey scales, and
with traces of a submarginal dentate line. Abdomen reddish.
Hind wing fuscous ; cilia rufous. '

In other specimens the collar is yellowish chestnut ; fore wing
with the stigmata and outer area bright ochreous, with hardly any
blue suffusion.

i^nfi. Sikhim ; Khasis. ^^37. 40 millim. TypeinB.M.

1791. Polia dentata, n. sp. '

Differs from endroma in the basal and outer areas of fore wing
being suffused with grey instead of blue; the antemedial line
recurved towards inner margin, the reniform smaller and lunulate ;
the postmedial line more rounded and slightly dentate between
veins 3 and 6 ; the submarginal line irregularly sinuous.

Hah. Sikhim, 10,000 feet {Elwes). Exp. 38 millim. Type in
coll. Elwes.

1792. Polia castanea, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 126, pi. 4, fig. 24 ; C. S,- S.

no. 1974.

cJ. Head and thorax dark red-brown, powdered with white
scales, i'ore wing chestnut ; the area just above vein 2 and the
median nervure as far as the postmedial line suffused with deep
red-brown and powdered with bluish-white scales ; the orbicular
oblique and slightly defined by bluish-white scales ; the postmedial
line dark, angled below the costa, sending dark streaks along the
veins to the cell and obsolescent towards inner margin ; the outer
margin irrorated with bluish-white scales. Hind wing dark
fuscous ; underside with cell-spot and a postmedial line.
Eab. Sikhim. Exp. 40 miUim.

1793. Polia microsticta, n. sp.

. Head, thorax, and abdomen ochreous brown. Pore wing
ochreous ; the costal area suffused with pinkish brown to near the
apex ; the subbasal and antemedial M'aved and postmedial lunulate
lines indistinct ; the orbicular and reniform small, with slight black
outline and some dark suffusion between them ; the marginal
line oblique and arising from the outer margin below the apex ;
the area beyond it irrorated with brown and white; a marginal
series of black specks. Hind wing dark fuscous ; cilia of both
wings pinkish brown. Underside of hind wing with cell-spot and
postmedial hne.

Mab. Sikhim (Mdller). Exp. 36 millim. Type in coll. Elwes.

1794. Polia griseirufa, n. sp.

<S . Head and thorax bright rufous, abdomen paler. Fore wing
bright rufous ; the subbasal, ante- and postmedial waved lines

234

NOOTUIDiE.

ochreous, the latter excurved beyond the cell ; some grey suffuHion
ou basal and medial areas below the cell ; reuiform a pure w hite
speck; the area beyond the submarginal irregularly sinuous line
silvery grey ; a marginal series of black specks ; cilia rufous.
Hind wing fuscous, with the cilia rufous. Underside of both wings
with cell-spot and postmedial line.

Hah. Sikhim, 10,000 feet {Elives). Eay. 25 millim. Type in
coll. Elwes.

*1795. Polia? khasiana, Moore, P. Z. 8. 1881, p. 342, pi. 37, fig. 5 ;
C. ^ S. no. 2131.

Head, thorax, and fore whig dull red-brown, the last irr orated
with purplish grey ; brighter brown pale-edged sinuous antemedial,
postmedial, and submarginal lines; orbicular and reniform large ;
the median and submedian nervures dark ; the outer area brighter
brown. Hind wing greyish white, with the veuis and margin
fuscous.

Hah. Kliasis. Eorp. 40 miUim.

B. Fore iving railier narroiver.

1796. Polia junctura, n. sp.

cJ. Ochreous brown. Fore wing suffused with pale reddish
brown, some white scales on the veins ; the antemedial line pale,
oblique and recurved near inner margin ; tiie area in and beyond
the cell black ; the orbicular and reniform pale and conjoined into
a U-shaped mark ; the postmedial hne situated nearer the margin
than usual, angled at vein 5 and with some ill-defined dark marks
beyond it. Hind wing^ with mdistinct cell-spot and postmedial

Hah. Sikhim, 7000 feet (MoUer). Exp. 32 millim. Type in
coll. Elwes.

Sect. II. (Dimya). Antennae fasciculated in male.

1797. Polia sinuata, 3Iuore, Lep. Ath. p. 122, pi. 4, fig. 17 ; C. S.

no. 1923.

Differs from dentaia in being dull red-brown suffused with
fuscous ; fore ^ving with the antemedial line m the form ot three
arcs ; the postmedial line dentate througl>out and less obhque
towards inner margin ; the orbicular and remform indistnict.

The type, from which the figure was taken, is very worn.

Hab. Sikhim, 10,000 feet. Exp. 38 millim.

1798. Polia virescens, n. sp.

Head, thorax, and fore wing clothed with grey, fuscous,
and dull green scales ; abdomen and hind wuig greyish tuscous.

POLIA. — UIPTEETGIA.

235

Fors wing with faint traces of antemedial, postmedial, and sub-
margiual lines and orbicular and reniform marks.

Hah. Kashmir {Thompson). Exp, 46 millim. Type in coll.
Leech.

Sect. III. (Rijada). Antenna of male bipectinate.

*1799. Polia? grisea, Moore, Zep. Atk. p. 130, pi. 4, fig. 26 ; €.8; S.
no. 1978.

d . Ochreoiis grey. Fore wing irrorated with brown ; a straight
subbasal brown line ; sinuous antemedial, two medial, and one post-
medial line, the last forked towards costa ; orbicular and reniform
whitish, the latter indistinct; a series of broad dentate marginal
marks. Hind wdng ochreous brown.

Sah. Sikhim, 15,000 feet. Exp. 36 millim.

Genus DIPTERYGIA.

Dipterygia, Steph. Brit. Ent, Haiist. ii, p. 167 (1829).

Type, D. scabriuseida. Linn., from Europe.

Eangc. Nearetic and Palaearctic regions ; Himalayas ; Nagas ;
Nilgiris ; Ceylon.

Eyes naked and without lashes; proboscis fully formed; palpi
upturned, reaching above vertex of head, the second joint with long
hair below ; antennae minutely ciliated in male. Thorax with a
long furrowed crest behind the collar ; abdomen with dorsal tufts
on proximal segments ; tibiae without spines.

1800. Dipterygia nocturna, Hmpsn. III. Het. viii, p. 78, pi. 145, fig. 19.
Dipterygia indica, Moore, P. Z. 8. 1867, p. 51 (pra30cc.) ; C. & S.

no. 2041.

Head ochreous white, variegated with brown and black scales ;
thorax black-brown, the crest brown ; abdomen dark fuscous. Fore
wing black-brown, the stigmata barely traceable ; faint traces of a
postmedial curved and waved line with two white subapical specks
beyond it, and a large whitish fuscous-suffused patch on inner
margin from it to outer angle, with a small patch on outer margin
above the larger one ; traces of a submarginal series of white specks.
Hind wing dark fuscous ; the cilia whitish.

Mob. Sikhim ; Nilgiris. Exp. 38 millim.

1801. Dipterygia cristifera, ITmpsn. III. Met. ix, p. 94, pi. 162, fig. 7.
Differs from nocturna in being slightly paler. Fore wing with

the stigmata more prominent and pale-ringed ; a pale fascia with a
black dash above it on inner margin ; the patch at outer angle more
suffused with brown and much shorter and broader, the postmedial

236

line being less curved and with black lines bounding it on inner
and upper edges; the submarginal series of pale specks more
prominent.

"Fig. 131.— Dipieri/gia crisiifera, c?. r.

Bah. Ceylon. Exjo. 40 millim.

*1802. Dipterygia ? sildiima, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 105 ; C. Sf S.
no. 2042.

Differs from nocturna in the fore wing being slightly narrower ;
sinuous ochreous subbasal, ante- and postmedial lines; the pale
patch at outer angle less prominent, streaked with dark brown and
not extending along outer margin towards apex ; the orbicular and
reniform spots more distinct. Hind wing paler, brownish white
at base, and with indistinct postmedial line.

This maybe allied to Euplexia subcurva, Wlk.

Hab. Sikhim. Kvp. 38 millim.

1803. Dipterygia indica, Wlk. Cai. xsxii, p. 647 ; C. Sr S. no. 2138.
Very pale brown ; collar with two black lines ; patagia outlined

with black. Eore wing with a waved black fascia below median
n rvure ; the subbasal and antemedial double black hues veiy
Sighly d;ntate ; the orbicular and renif orm with black outhnes
the fomer very oblique; the double waved postmedial hue obhquely
curved ; a diffused fuscous oblique fascia from outer margin below
anS to the postmedial line ^.ith some black dashes on it ; a similar
Eot oblicfue fascia above outer angle. Hind wing whitish, with
a broad marginal fuscous band. Underside of both wmgs with a
postmedial series of specks.

Hab. jSr.W. Himalayas. Krp. 48 millim.

1804. Dipterygia umbrifera, Butl. III. Het. vii, p. 46, pi. 126, fig. 1.
Head thorax, and abdomen pale, suffused with red-brown.

Fore wing grey-brown ; the basal area and inner area as far as the
Jo'tmedialhnLuffused with dark red-brown ; the Hubbasal and
u.temedial double waved lines indistnict ; the orbicu a and rem-
iorm large, pale-ringed, and iudistmct ; the postmedial line very

DIPTBRYGIA. EUSOOTIA.

237

much excurved beyond cell, angled and bent inwards between veins
2 and 3, where it encloses a grey patch at outer angle ; a dark
streak from it to outer margin above vein 3. Hind wing fuscous i
underside with cell-spot and waved postmedial line.
Hab. Dharmsala. Exj). 36 milUm.

1805. Dipterygia grata, Butl Trans. Ent. Soc. 1881, p. 172.

Head and thorax pale brown ; palpi pinkish at sides, white in
front ; collar whitish ; the tuft on thorax vinous. Tore wing pale
brown ; the costal and inner areas suffused with pink ; the orbi-
cular and reniform pinkish white with pale brown centres, the
latter figure-of-8-sbaped ; an indistinct crenulate postmedial line ;
some red-brown streaks on inner margin and at apex ; outer
margin red-brown with a fine white line. Hind wing fuscous ;
underside with cell-spot and indistinct postmedial line.

Hab. Japan ; Nagas. Exp. 38 miUim.

Genus EUSCOTIA.

Euscotia, Butl. III. Set. vii, p. 47 (1889).

Type, E. inextricafa, Moore.

Eange. Japan ; N.W. Himalayas ; NUgiris.

Differs from Dipterygia in the 3rd joint of the palpi being
long and porrect ; the abdominal tufts larger. Fore wing longer,
the outer margin more obhque ; the cUia of both wings highly
crenulate.

1806. Euscotia inextricata, Moore, P. Z. 8. 1881, p. 342 ; C.^ S.

no. 2139.

(5 . Grey-brown ; head, collar, and patagia with fine black lines.
Fore wing with the subbasal, antemedial, and postmedial indistiuct

Pig. 132. — Euscotia inextricata, ,5. \.

double lines extremely irregularly dentate; the orbicular and reni-
form indistinct, with a brown streak below them and some oblique
costal striga) above them ; some ill-defined irregular submarginal
brown streaks, the streak above outer angle loug and extending to

238

NOCTUIDJE,

the postmedial line. Hiiid wing white ; the veins of outer area
and margin suiJused with brown.

2 with the hind wing wholly suffused with brown.

Hah. N.W. Himalayas ; Nilgiris. Exp. 57 millim.

Genus CUCULIA.

Cuculia, Schranh, Fauna Boica, ii, 2. p. 157 (1802).
GnWssnm, Hdbn. Verz. p. 246(1818).

Type, C. verbasci, Linn., from Europe.

Rancje. N. America ; Europe ; 8. Africa ; Japan ; Himalayas ;
Nagas.

Eyes naked and with or without lashes ; proboscis fully formed ;
palpi obliquely porrect, with rather long hair below ; frons ridged ;
antennae almost simple. Collar running up to a peak at centre ;
thorax almost without tufts; abdomen long and tapering to a
point, the proximal segments of abdomen with dorsal tufts. Eore
wing long and narrow, the costa arched towards apex which is
acute ; both wings with the outer margin slightly angled in the
middle and the cilia more or less crenulate.

1807. Cuculia albescens, Mom-e, P. Z. S. 1881, p. 357; C. 8r S.
no. 2336.

CallEenia elongata, Butl. A. M. N. H. (6) m, p. 67 ; id. III. Set.

vi, pi. 103, fig. 7 ; C. ^ S. no. 1628.
CucuUia atkinsoni, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 131 ; C. ^ S. no. 2337.
Head and thorax grey and brown; abdomen brown, with the
dorsal tufts dark. Fore wing grey, suif used with brown especially
on costal and inner areas ; an indistinct irregular exceedingly
dentate double antemedial line and traces of a similar postmedial

Kg. 133. — Cuculia aibescens, S ■ \.

line; the orbicular and reniform indistinct, with pale outlines ; a
dark streak on inner margin, and another above outer angle, iiina
wing pale, the outer area suffused with brownish iuscous.
Hah. N.W. Himalayas ; Sikhim. Eccp. 50-58 milhm.

CtrOlTLIA.

239

1808. Cnculia nigrifascia, n. sp.

cJ . Diifers from albescens in the fore wing having the black
streak from base below median nervure more prominent; the ante-
medial line more prominent and much less dentate ; a prominent
black band between the orbicular and reniform continued to near
inner margin ; short black streaks on outer area at middle and
above outer angle. Hind wing paler.

Hah. Murree. Exp. 50 miUim. Type in B. M.

1809. Cuculia altipennis, n. sp.

5 . Head and thorax white ; collar with a black band ; two black
spots on tegulae ; abdomen pale ochreous. Fore wing white,
slightly suffused with brown ; a black streak from base below
median nervure ; an antemedial black line excurved below cell and
angled inwards on vein 1 ; the orbicular and reniform with brown
centres and incomplete black edges ; a postmedial Une angled out-
wards beyond cell ; some white specks on costa towards apex ;
traces of a submarginal line ; black streaks on outer area at middle
and above outer angle ; a series of black marginal specks. Hind
wing whitish, fuscous towards outer margin.

Hah. Sultanpur, Kangra {Graham Young). Exp. 30 millim.
Type in coll. Leech.

1810. Cuculia brevipennis, n. sp.

Differs from alhescens in the fore wing being shorter and broader ;
the colour paler ; the orbicular and reniform more prominent, the
former more rounded ; two subapical dark streaks and one near
raiddle of outer area. Hind wing with the basal area pale ochreous
instead of semihyaline white. Underside of fore wing paler fuscous ;
hind wing uniformly pale, irrorated with brown.

The Sikhim specimen has the hind wing whiter;; the Naga
specimen has the stigmata indistinct.

Hah. Subathu, N.W. Himalayas (Harford); Sikhim: Nao-as.
Exji. 46 miUim. Type in B. M.

1811. Cuculia stigmatophora, n. sp.

6 . Pale reddish ochreous ; collar with fine dark lines and a
black streak from shoulder ; vertex of thorax dark red-brown.
Fore wing with the costal area suffused with rufous ; the pattern
as in albescens, but red-brown in colour ; the orbicular and reniform
obsolete, with a red-brown mark between them. Hind wing fuscous.
Underside pale, thickly irrorated with ochreous.

Hab. Murree (Harford). Exp. 44 millim. Type in B. M.

1812. Cuculia puUata, Moore, P. Z. S. 1881, p. 358; C. Sf iS. no. 1529.
2 . Differs from albescens in the hind wing being white, with a

240 NOOTUID.'E.

large black lunule at the end of cell aud very broad black marginal
band ; the cilia white.

Hah. Dalhousie; Sikhim. Exjp. 72 mdlim.

Genus ACRONYCTA.

Acronicta, OcAs. i:ur. Schmett. iv, p. 62 (1816).
Triffiiia, Mub7i. Verz. p. 200 (1818).

Thalatha, Wlk. Journ. Lmn. Soc. yi, p. 187 (18b2).
Plataplecta, Butl. A. M. N. 11. (5) i, p. 195 (1878).
*Tycracona, Moore, Lep. Ath.^. 95 (18»L).
Pseudepunda, Butl. Trans. Ent. Soc. 1890, p. 672.

Type, A. leporina, Linn., from Earope.

itof/k Nearctic, Pal^earctic, and throughout the Oriental region
Eyes naked and without lashes; proboscis f-^lj . develope^^
antenuje simple in both sexes ; thorax and abdomen without tutts
fhe htter with long coarse hair on the dorsal part o£ proxmial
sSmSis ; legs without spines. Fore wing with the cdia non-
crSte,' the inner margin slightly lobed towards base.

Sect. I. (Acronycta). Palpi obliquely upturned in male,
upturned in female.

1813. Acronycta an^dina, BuiL T'-c'nMSoc. 1881, P- 19-
TriiBna maxima, Moore, F. Z. S. 1881, ^.M6,L.^

^ Wbitisb grey; palpi black at sides; thorax clothed with
^ . w mtisn grey , i f -p ^ ^itb some tuscous

hair and scales : abdomen l^^T^^^^ ^^^ interno-median interspace
blotches on costa ; a waved P^^.^V , 1 rantemedial double lines very
from base to below the orbxcular^ ^^k ed'l wiJb a black streak
faint; the orbicular and remioimbiacKeQ eu,^^^

between them which is B^^^^^^^^^

reniform double; t^^. with a black streak crossing

'/oSSSer We 0, .0.. wings
-'i ^5°Vr.'r«' totrirSS slSt between the stigm.t,

54-60, ? 70 miUim.

1814 Acronycta paucinotata, n. sp.

AORONTOTA. 241

dentate black line, with slight claviform mark on its outer ed"-e ■ a
medial stnga from costa ; traces of a reniform mark, with Wack
luaule on Its lower edge; traces of a crenulate postmedial line, with
slight black streaks beyond it, chiefly towards apex. Hind wine
brownish fuscous ; the cilia grey.

Lefch (McArthur). Exj>. 50 miUim. Type in coll.

181.5. Acronycta aceris, Linn. Syat. Nat. i, 2, p. 846.

Head thora,x, and fore wing clothed with white and dark brown
hair; the abdomen grey. Fore wing with indistinct subbasal,
double crenulate ante- and postmedial, and indistinct single lunulate
submarginal lines ; the orbicular and reniform small, the latter
obscured by an mdistinct fuscous curved medial line; a series of
marginal and cilial brown spots ; a black streak from base and two
streaks crossing the postmedial line, which are almost absent in the
Kashmu- specimen. _ Hind wing white, often with slight pale brovvn
suffusion and the veins brown; a series of pale brow^ cilial spots
.JtTa ^"tli. paired dorsal tufts of hair; the head

streaked with black ; a series of dorsal black streaks and ring-marks.

Mab. Europe; Gurais valley, Kashmir. ExiJ. 38-46 milUm.

Sect. U. {Hyhoma). Palpi upturned in both sexes.

A. Paliyi with the ^rd joint short in both sexes.

1816. Acro^^cta .^^en,, w,^^c^^.g,

Thalatha smens, Wlk. Journ. Linn. Sac. vi, p. 187.

. Pure white ; palpi with the 2nd
joint black at base. Eore wing with a
short black mark from base below
median nervure ; the subbasal and ante-
^ medial double waved fuscous lines

Fig. ia4. indistinct; a double waved medial line

Acronycta, siiiens,' s . \ arising from a fuscous patch on the
rto ^.k;„ 1 J ^o^*^' with a black line on its inner edse-

krfv w reniform hardly traceable; a postmedial ii-reful

laily waved line arising from a fuscous patch on the costa and
with a black patch on it at vein 2 ; a submarginal lunulate hne a
black speck on margin above vein 2. Hind wing ^vith some fu"cous

wtTprmS\r' ^

2 with the Hues of fore wing brownish fusmnc . ui„ i
st^k^from base obsolete; abdo^n andtinrrg twS

^ab. Nilgiris; Moulmein; Borneo. Ex^., j 30, $ 36millim,

TOL. U.

242 IfOCTUIDJE.

1817. Acronycta conjecturalis, Swinh. Trans. Soc. 1890, p. 222,

pi. yii, fig. 10. , n J- 1

P Differs from smens in the fore wing having a broad media
di/used^tcliSTband; the patch f^^^^'^^JZ^^,
into a streak; a marginal series of black stieaks. inna g

fuscous.

Hah. Eangoon. Exp. 36 millim,

1818 Acronycta pruinosa, Guen. Noct \, p. 53; Moore, Lep. Ceyl.
■ iii, pi 144, fig. 3; Gc5-S,.no. 1/65.

Poliasoluta, Wlk. Cai-^f^J'YM N B (5) iv, p.358; C. 4"
Acrouycta conaangms, Butl. A. M. iv. ml. \oj , v

no. 774.

wards extremity. Eore wmg ^.^^^^^ ^vhite ;

Hiedial indistinct double Ime^

the reniform with b ackouthne Its nnei m g^ incurved at

medial double Innulate line f ^^^^,3™ ^^^^ ^ series of smaU

and maculate postuiedial line.
cJ 44, ? 46 millim.

1819 Acronycta deuticulata, Moo,-e, P. Z. S. 1888, p. 408; lU.
Het. vii, pi. 125, fig- 8.

1 • ,;tV, fhp 2nd ioint black at base, lore
Dark grey; palpi ^[^^h 2na ] ^^^.^^ ^^^^^^^

wing with a black fascia f^^om ^"^^ J^^ ^,,,^1 and antemedial lines
niariin, interrupted ^"^^.t t^e P^tmedial line denM
indistinct ; the stigmata ^^^^ ' .^^ J d^,. Hind wing pui^
incurved at vein 2 ; ^^^-^^^^^^^^^^ Loon. ; nnderside with
S^i tol^VJ^'iZ'TorZl irregularly waved postmed^al

^^Ja&. Dharmsdla. Ex2^. 42 milUm.

72, pi. 144,

1820. Acronycta nigrivitta, B^psn. HI Bet. viii, p.

. 1 -4-1 WnnV -Rorewing^^-ith the black
^ . Pale brown; -Uar banded v^itiib^^^^^^^

fascia below medial f 7";^;°^ ^^^^^^ ^ t^'tl

middle; an indistinct double antem^^^^^ 1^^,,^^^

^ :l£^Si'd^ifus^d waved line and marginal

ACRONTCTA.

243

series of specks. HLud wing ochreous white, with broad mar<nnal
fuscous band. Underside with submarginal fuscous band to both
wings.

Hah. jSTilgiris. Exp. 35 milHm.

1821. Acronycta bicolor, Moore, P. Z. S. 1881, p. 332; C &■ S
no. 1/67. ^ ! ^. u.

..^fJ'hy^Tf ''It fore wing fuscous black, irrorated with grey
scales ; the last with double subbasal and antemedial waved black
luies ; the orbicu ar and reniform indistinct; cilia chequered b ack

Sab. N.W. Himalayas, Kvj). 48 milKm.

B. Paljoi ivith the Srdjoint long and reacUncj above vertex
of head in female.

1822. Acronycta fasciata, Moore, Le,. Ceyl. iii, p. pj. ^44, fi,. 4 ;

'''^,T4tpTlt ? ^et.

Head and thorax grey, suffused with fuscous; the 2nd ioint
of palpi black at base ; shoulders with a blnck -^trZl 1 j ^
fuscous. Fore ™ g.ey suffused with f u^co^ espS
inner area and beyond the middle - thn «nV,h!l 1 i
doublewayedlinesidistinct, Xck streaSr^ and antemedial

with cell-spot and postmedial Ime ' ™<'w»'l»

.1823. Acronycta !^ob.i,„„, ^. ^ ^^^^^^ ^.

cost, tocenire ot outer mareS ,1, , from middle of

brown and witb a pale°Seg„S';;i °°lTlir it^e '"5

b2

244

K-QCTUIDiE.

Genus CORYTHURUS.

Corythurua, Hmpsn. HI. Set. ix, p. 112 (1893).
Type, C nodurnus, Hmpsn.

t '^ge?£k S wltZ-t lashes ; palpi slender., curved, and
extendSg backv^ards over vertex of head, the 3rd pmt bur ed in
vSy loni hair from the end o£ the 2nd if ; antenna, almost
Sle- thorax and abdomen smoothly scaled, the latter with
iZnUly developed tubular anal tuft; tibi. without spines.
Pore wing with the apex rounded ; the ciha non-crenulate. _

? w^th the palpi held far apart, naked, the 3rd ]oint up-
turned and long ; abdomen with no anal tuft.

1824. Corythurus nocturnus, Hmpmi. III. Set. ix, p. 113, pi. 165,
figa. 4, 10.

^ Head and thorax pale rufous brown; the collar darker;

d • -u-ca,ii I vpflflish erev. with indistinct double

abdomen fuscous, lore wmg leaaisn groy, « n ^„_-,,„ ,,„tch

tnbbasal ante- and postmedial lines, a dark rufous and fuscous patctt
betweenthet wo former, obsolete towards inner margin; a large
Sus submar^nal patch also obsolete towards inner n^argin a^d
edged by a wafed whitish submarginal line and crossed by a b la k
!tTnk from end of cell to the submarginal line; two shoit black
ftrea^s to ne^r centre of outer margin.' Hind wing fuscous brown.

Fig. 135.— Corythurus nocturnus, cJ • t-
MnPh frrever with the patches on fore ^ying fuscous black;

white intersected with f"scous uniformly

The Tenasserim female is darkei ' J^^^ patches.

yaregiated ^v•ith dark grey and olive and J^ut the ^a p

Hah. Ceylon; Tenassenm Valley. Aij)., d o^, ¥

milliin.

MTJDAHIA. — TOXOCAMPA.

245

Genus MUDAEIA.
Mudaria, Moore, Cotes' Museum Notes, iii, p. 68 (1892).

Type, M. cornifrons, Moore.
Range. Bengal.

Eyes naked and without lashes; proboscis fully developed;
palpi porrect and smoothly scaled, the 3rd joint well developed;
fi'ons with a corneOLis trilobate process ; antennae simple in both
sexes ; metathorax with slight tufts ; abdomen without tufts ;
tibiiB clothed with long hair and without spines. Fore wing with
the apex rounded ; the cilia slightly crenulate. Hind wing with
vein 5 bent downwards at base, but weak.

1825. Mudaria cornifrons, Moore, Cotes' Museum Notes, iii, p. 68.

Head, thorax, and abdomen clothed with rufous and grey scales.
Fore wiag grey, shghtly suffused with brick-red ; traces of a

black subbasal hne ; an ante-
medial black line, double at costa,
much excurved below the cell,
and dentate towardsinner margin;
a black arc with its open side
towards the costa from the inner
edge of the almost obsolete orbi-
cular to the outer edge of the reni-
form ; apostmedial excurved lunu-
late Hne ; an indistinct dentate
submarginal line. Hind wing semihyaliue white, with traces of
fuscous on the margin.

Larva destructive to silk-cotton.

Bab. Bengal. Kvp., cS 45, 2 38 millim.

Pig. 136.
Mudaria cornifrons, (S ■

Genus TOXOCAMPA.
Toxocampa, Giten. Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr. 1841, p. 75.
Type, T. cracca, Schiff., from Europe.

liange. Nearctic and Patearctic regions ; throughout India,
Ceylon, and Burma.

Eyes naked and without lashes ; proboscis fully developed ;
palpi obhquely upturned, the 2ud joint reaching vertex of head
and thickly and evenly scaled, the 3rd short ; frons with a short
tuft ; antennae minutely ciliated in male. Thorax with a slight
crest behind collar ; no tufis on metathorax or abdomen ; tibiaj
without spines. Fore wing with the outer margin much excurved
at centre ; the ciha not crenulate.

246

NOCTTTIDiE.

1826 Toxocampa dorsigera, WUc. Cat. xxxiii, p. 873 : Hmpsn. III.
Met ix, pi. 162, iig. 18 ; C. Sr S. no. 229.5.
Toxocampa cuciilata, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 159 ; C. o^- S. no. 2294
Toxocamja orientals, Butl. P. Z. S. 188§, p. 381 - C Sr S. no. 2298.
Toxocampa viciai, J3utl. III. Het. xii, p. 13 (nec Eubn.).

Violaceous grey-brown ; the vertex of head and collar jet-black.
Pore wing striated with fuscous and with the vems pale ; traces
of antemedial, medial, and postmedial dark lines, the last highly
excurved beyond cell ; an inverted P-shaped black mark at end ot

Pig. 137. — Toxocampa dorsigera, S- t-

cell, with some black specks on its outer edge, sometimes the out-
line only of this mark being present ; asubmarginal slightly curved
pale-edged line ; a marginal series of minute specks. Hmd wing
fuscous, the cilia tinged with ochreous. Underside wi h ceU-spot,
traces of a postmedial Une, and broad diffused marginal band

Small and large forms coexist m the- N.W. Hmialayas, the
former alone occurring in the Nilgu-is and Ceylon.

Eah. N.W.Himalayas; Nilgins ; Ceylon. i^^T- 46-52 milhm.

Genus CONSERVULA.

Conservula, Grote, Bull. Bvff. <Soc ii p. 17 (1874).
Appana, Moore, P. Z. S. 1881, p. 355.

Type, C. anodonta, Guen., from N. America. _

lllnqe. N. America; Madagascax; Sikhim ; Nilgms ; Ceylon

Eyef naked and without lashes ; proboscis fu ly developed ;

nalni upturned and reaching vertex of bead, thickly scaled the

thi-d iS minute; antenn^^ simple in both sexes; me athorax
vith tufts which ai-; well developed in the Amer can typical spec.es,

Tlfghl in thl others; abdomen without tufts ; tibi^ without spines.

Fore wing with the cilia not crenulate.

1827. Conservula indica, Moore, P. Z. S. 1867, p. 57 ; C. S( S. no. 1975.
p. Pale reddish chestnut; collar pale-fringed ; a PaleHne °J

i^KtmS— ^^^^^^

OONSEETTTLA. — PBODENIA.

247

a submarginal slightly ciu-ved pale line; cilia dark chestnut.
Hind wing reddish fuscous. Underside of both wings with

Fig. 138. — Conservula indioa, . \.

indistinct dark mark on discocellulars and postmedial and sub-
marginal hnes.

Hab. Sikhim. Exp. 38 millim.

1828. Conservula V-hrunneum, Guen. Noet.ii, p. 62 ; C. S. no. 1979.
Appana cingalesa, Moore, Lep. Ceyl. iii, p. 548, pi. 214, fig. 6 ;

a ^ S. no. 1975 A.

Differs from indica in being much greyer and less chestnut in
colour ; the collar and patagia without the pale lines. Fore wing
with the submarginal hue straight and dark. Hind wing whitish,
with the cilia chestnut.

Mab. Nilgiris ; ? Pondicherry ; Ceylon. Exp. 38 millim.

Genus PRODENIA.
Prodenia, Guen. Noct. i, p. 169 (1852).
Type, P. litioralis, Boisd.

Bange. Nearctic region; Mediterranean subregion and through-
out the tropical and subtropical zones.

Differs from Eiiplexia in having no tuft behind collar, but only
the tufts on metathorax ; the scaling much smoother; the legs less
hairy ; abdominal tufts slight ; antennae ciliated in male.

1829. Prodenia littoralis, Boisd. Fmm Ent. Madag., Lep. p. 91, pi. 13,

fig. 8 ; Moore, Lep. Ceyl. iii pi. 14(5, figs. I a, b (larva) ; C. & S.
no. 2120.

Prodenia ciiigera, Guen. Noct. i, p. 164.
Prodenia testaceoides, Guen. Noct. i, p. 165.
Prodenia glaucistriga, Wlk. Cat. ix, p. 197.
Prodenia subterminalis, Wlk. Cat. ix, p. 196.
Prodenia declinata, Wlk. Cat. xi, p. 723.
Neujda retina, Freyer, Beitr. Schmett. v, p. 161.

Pale ochreous, much suffused with dark brown ; abdomen paler.
Fore wing with some ochreous streaks at base; an angled and
oblique subbasal hne ; a waved and curved antemedial line ; the
orbicular oblique, with fuscous centre and black edges; the reniform
an oblique ' arrow-head' mark; the outer half of median nervure
and bases of veins 2, 3, 4, and discocellulars prominently pale ;

248

NOOTUIDiE.

claviform black ; an indistinct lunnlate postmedial line exenrved
beyond cell ; a waved submarginal line with black streaks before

Fig. 139. — Prodenia littoralis, cJ. }.

it; cilia with pale streaks through them. Hind wing opalescent
and semihyaline white, with dark marginal line.

Larva pale violet-brown, with a subdorsal series of narrow
yellow spots with black lunules above them ; a lateral series of
purplish-black spots centred by a white dot ; a sublateral white
line. Pood-plant Laniana.

Bah. Mediterranean subregion and throughout the tropical
and subtropical zones of the Old World. Exp. 30-45 millim.

1830. Prodenia minima, Swinh. P. Z. S. 1889, p. 410.

cJ Brownish white, irr orated with dark scales. Tore wing with
some' dark marks on the indistinct subbasal line ; the antemedial
waved line interrupted and with the large dark claviform stigma con-
ioined to it, beyond which is an oblique pale fascia from the median
nervure ; the orbicular and reniform on a diffused dark triangular
patch the former a white speck, the latter quadrate ; the post-
medial and submarginal lines indistinctly lunnlate the latter
obsolete from the costa to vein 5 ; a marginal series of dark spots.
Hind wiqg pure white.

Hub. Hydi-abad, Sind. Exp. 22 millim.

Genus SPODOPTERA.

Spodoptera, Guen. Met. i, p. 153 (1852).

Type, S. mauritia, Boisd. n^ • j

Rcmge. W. Indies: N. & S. America; Africa; N. China aud

throughout the Oriental and Australian regions.

Differs from Prodenia in having immensely developed tutts ot

hair on the fore tibiffi ; ciUa slightly crenulate; antennie almost

simple.

1831. Spodoptera mauritia, Boisd. Faun. Ent.Madag., Lip. ^. 92.
Spodoptera iiuhes, Gtien. Noct. i, p. 155 ; C. S,- S. no. 21-1.
SBodoptera filium, G4«e?7,. iVorf. 1, p. 150. , ^„ „, ; „i inq
Prodenia infecta, 'Wlk. Cat. ix, p. 196 ; Butl. III. Set. vi, pi. 109,

Prodenia insignata, Wlk. Cat. ix, p. 197.

SPODOPTEBA. — OAlOGn AM MA.

249

Caradrinn triturata, Wlk. Cat. x, p. 295.
Agrotis transducta, JF/k. Cat. x, p. 344.
Prodeiiia perraunda, Wlk. Cat. xi, p. 723.
Laphygma gratiosa, Wlk. Cat. xxxii, p. 651.
Lapliygma squalida, Wlk. Cat. xxxii, p. 652.
Prodenia venustula, Wlk. Cat. xxxii, p. 654.
CelfEna bisignata, tVlk. Cat. xxxii, p. 679.
Agi'otis aliena, Wlk. Cat. xxxii, p. 694.
Agrotis submarginalis, Wlk. Cat. xxxii, p. 699.
Agrotis bisignata, Wlk. Cat. xxxii, p. 702.
Hadena obliqua, Wlk. Cat. xxxiii, p. 736.

Dark grey-brown with a rusty tinge ; abdomen fuscous. Tore
wing mth the subbasal, antemedial, and postmedial double waved
lines indistinct; the orbicular small and ochreous; the renil'orm
blackish ; the submarginal line whitish and irregularly waved ; a

Fig. 140.— Spodopiem mauritia, ,£ . \.

whitish patch is often present between the orbicular and reniform
and a dark patch on the central marginal area. Hind wing
opalescent and semihyahne white, with a dark marginal line.

Hah. W. Africa ; Mauritius ; Shanghai ; and throughout the
Oriental and Austrahan regions. Exp. 38 millim.

Genus CALOGRAMMA.

Calogramma, Guen. Noct. i, p. 165 (1852).

Type, 0. f estiva, Donov.

Range. India ; Ceylon ; Australia ; New Caledonia.

Differs from Eaphxia in having no tuft behind collar, but only
the tufts on metathorax ; the legs less hairy. Fore wing Avith
the cilia but slightly crenulate. Hind wing with vein 5 curved
at origin and arising below the centre of discocellulars, which are
highly angled.

1832. Calogramma festiva, Donov. Epit. Ins. Neiv Soil. (1805) ;
Moore, Lep. Ceyl. iii, pi. 146, fig. 6 ; C. S. no. 2137.
Polia picta, Boind. Voy. de I' Astrolabe, Lip. p. 241.

Ochreous white ; head and thorax suffused with pinkish red.
Pore wing with some red on costa at base ; numerous ill-defined
waved black lines between base and antemedial line ; the orbicular
and claviform consisting of black rings ; a medial pinkish-red
band, wide at costa narrowing to inner margin ; the reniform with
ochreous and black outlines and red centre ; the postmedial double

250 • nootuidjE.

waved lines filled in with ochreous and highly excurved beyond
the cell ; some black dashes on reddish patches beyond it. Hiud
wing semihyaline white.

Fig. 141. — CalogramTTM Jestiva, J. \.

Hob. Bengal; Ceylon; Australia; New Caledonia. Exp. 48
millim.

Genus AJVLYNA.

Amyra, Giieii. Noct. i, p. 406 (1852).
Ilattia, WUc. Cat. xvi, p. 208 ll858).

Type, A. selenamplia, Gruen.

Range. Neotropical region ; S. Africa ; throughout the Oriental
region ; Japan ; Pacific groups.

Differs from Euplexia in having no tufts on thorax ; the abdomen,
slender and tapering to a point, with the dorsal tufts slight ; palpi
more slender and reaching above vertex of head, iore wing
shorter and broader, the costa more arched towards apex.

Sect. 1. {Amyna). Pore wing of male with no vesicle in cell.

1833. Amyna selenampha, Gnen. Noct. 1, p. 406; 3Ioore,Zep. Ceyl.
iii, pi. 147, figs. -6, -6 a; C. ^ S. no. 2104.
Alamis spohata, Wlk. Cat. xiii, p. 1050.
Amyna subtracta, Wlk. Journ. Linn. Soc. vi, p. 189.
Hadena latipennis, Wlk. Cat. xxsiii, p. 738.

Puscous brown with an olive tinge ; legs ringed with ochreous.
Tore wing with subbasal, ante-, postmedial, and submargnial
irregularly waved black lines, the last indistinct ; a marginal series
of specks ; the orbicular and reniform very indistmct, the latter
with its lower part obscured by a prominent ochreous spot m the
tvpical form. Hind wing with traces of a postmedial ^^aved line.
Underside suffused with whitish; the submargmal hue ot hmd
wing prominent and crenulate. , i

Hck Natal; Madagascar; China ; throughout India and Ceylon ;
Andamans ; Philippmes ; Borneo ; Java. Exp. 30-36 miiJim.

AMTNA.

251

Sect. II. (Ilattia). Eore wing of male with a small vesicle in cell,
with a small valve of scales over it on underside, the median
nervure being slightly curved.

1834. Amyna octo, Guen. Nod. i, p. 2.33.
Amyna axis, Guen. Noct. i, p. 407.
Poaphila stricta, Wlk. Cat. xiv, p. 1476.
Celsena liavigutta, Wlk. Cat. xv, p. 1688.
Celsena perfundens, Wlk. Cat. xv, p. 1691.

Ilattia cephusalis, Wlk. Cat. xvi, p. 209 ; Moore, Lep. Ceyl. iii,

pi. 146, figs. 4, 4 a ; C. ^ S. no. 2088.
Miana inornata, Wlk. Cat. xxxii, p. 677.
Celffina obstructa, IVlk. Cat. xxxii, p. 679.
Perigea leucospila, Wlk. Cat. xxxii, p. 68-3.
Amyna stellata, Butl. A. M. N. H. (5) i, p. 162.
Amyna undulifera, Bittl. A. M. N. H. (4) xvi, p. 403.
Erastria stigmatula, Snell. Tijd. v. Ent. xv, p. 65.
Stridova albigutta, Wlk. Trans. Nat. Hist. Glasg. i, p. 354.
Chytoriza tecta, Grote, Check-list, p. 33.

Ilattia cupreipennis, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 112 ; C. ^ S. no. 2090.
Ilattia apicalis, Moore, lep. Atk. p. 112 ; C. S. no. 2086.
Ilattia renalis, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 113 ; C. ^ 8. no. 2092.
Ilattia calamiatrata, Moore, P. Z. S. 1881, p. 348 ; C. S. no. 2087.
Perigea supplex, Stoi^ih. P. Z. S. 1885, p. 452 ; C. ^ S. no. 2102.

Differs from selenampha in being much smaller.

The typical form is greyish fuscous ; axis has a white or ochreous
spot on lower part of reniform, whilst a third form has a pale
apical patch ; leucospila, cupreipennis, and renalis have the head,
thorax, and fore wing cupreous red-brown, the first has a white
spot at end of cell, which the second is without, whilst renalis has
a white outline to the reniform not filled in with white, but some-
times with an ochreous spot on it and a large grey patch on the
costa before apex.

The form calamistrata is golden brown, with a single series of
white specks on the antemedial line and a double series on the
postmedial line ; the orbicular white ; the reniform figure-of-8-
shaped with white outline.

Ilab. W. Indies ; S. America ; Africa ; Arabia ; Japan ; China ;
throughout India, Ceylon, and Burma ; Andamans ; Borneo ;
Pacific groups of islands. Exp. 20-30 millim.

Fig. 142. — Amyna octo, cj.

252

NOOTUIDJE.

*1835, Amyna ? monilis, Moore, P. Z. S. 1881, p. 348, pi. 38, fig. 11 ;
a S. no. 2091.

Head, thorax, and fore wing ochreous ; the last with indistinct
]mle subbasal, ante- and postmedial sinuous white lines ; a promi-
nput white spot at base of cell ; the orbicular and reuiforin with
white specks on their edges ; a maculate white submarginal Une ;
a marginal series of white-edged black specks ; some white specks
on the costa towards apex. Hind wing ochreous fuscous, with
indistinct cell-spot and postmedial line.

Hab. Sikhim. Kzjj. 25 millim.

Sect. III. Male with the vesicle on fore wing larger, the valve
of scales being on the upperside and projecting from the
median nervure towards the costa.

1836. Amjrna larentica, n. sp.

c? . Head, thorax, abdomen, and fore wing clothed with red-
brown and black scales, the last with the medial area darkest ;
the subbasal and antemedial waved black lines fairly prommeut ;
reniform elongate and rufous with pale edges; the postmedial
crenulate line excurved beyond the cell; the submarginal u-regular
Une indistinct and broken, expaudiug into a dark patch below
the costa and with some rufous suffusion before it. Hmd wing
pale fuscous, with curved postmedial line. _

Hah. Nagas, 6000 feet {DoUrty). Exp. 26 millim. Type m coll.
Elwes.

Genus BEERESA.
Berresa, Wlk. Cat. xvi, p. 214 (1858).
Type, B. turpis, "Wlk.

Bange. Throughout India and Ceylon; Piji ; Tonga.

Eyes naked and without lashes; proboscis fully developed;
palpi upturned, reaching above vertex of head, the 2nd joint
frino-ed with long hair, the 3rd prominent ; antennae simple and
annulated; thorax without tufts; abdomen ^dth slight dorsal
tufts. Eore wing short and square ; a vesicle in cell ot male,
with a valve of long scales over it on underside; ciha not
crenulate.

1837. Berresa turpis, Wlk. Cat. xii, p. 794 ; C. c?- S. no. IBoO.

Ben-esa natalis, Wlk. Cat. xvi, p. 214 ; Moore, Lep. Cetjl m,
pi. 146, fig. 3 ; C.'^S. no. 2040.
Dull brown. Pore wing with indistinct subbasal, antemedial,
postmedial, and submarginal single waved hnes with a te\v
grey scales on them ; reniform represented by a smaU grey spot.

BEEEESA. — OALLOPISTEIA.

253

Abdomen and hind wing fuscous; the latter with an indistinct
postmedial line.

Hah. Dharmaala ; Nilgiris ; Geylon ; Fiji ; Tonga. Exp. <S 20,
$ 26 millim.

Callopisti-ia, Hiibn. Vers. p. 216 (1818).
Eriopus, Treitschke, Schmett. Eur. v, i, p. 365 (1825).
Agabra, Wlk. Juurn. Linn. Soc vi, p. 136 (1862).
Cotanda, Moore, P. Z. 8. 1881, p. 374.
Methorasa, Moore, P. Z. S. 1881, p. 374.
Gnamptocera, Butl. A. M. N. H. (6) viii, p. 71 (1891).
Haploolophus, Butl. A. M. N. H. (6) viii, p. 71 (1891).
Dissolophus, Butl. A. M. N. H. (6) viii, p. 71 (1891).
Hyperdasys, Butl. A. M. N. H. (6) viii, p. 71 (1891).
Hemipachycera, Butl. A. M. N. H. (6) viii, p. 71 (1891).
RhoptrotricMa, Butl A. M. N. H. (6) viii, p. 71 (1891).

Type, C. purpureofasciata, Pill., from Europe.

Eanye. N. America ; W. Indies ; Palsearctic region ; throughout
India, Ceylon, and Burma; Borneo; Java; New Hebrides;
Solomons ; Fiji.

Eyes naked and without lashes ; proboscis fully developed ;
palpi short, obliquely porrect, and roughly scaled ; thoras; without
tufts ; abdomen with dorsal tufts on the proximal segments ;
fore wing with the ciha non-crenulate ; the inner margin with
tufts of hairs near base and at outer angle.

Sect. I. {MetTiorasa). Antennae of male simple and ciliated. Eore
wing with the outer margin evenly curved ; legs heavily
tufted with hair, especially the middle pair.

1838. Callopistria latreiUei, Bup. Lep. Fr., Noct. iv, pt. 1, p. 327,
pi. 120, fig. 2 ; C. Si- S. no. 2226.
Callopistria roseitellum, Wlk. Cat. xii, p. 864.
Erastria quieta, Treit. Schmett. iii, p. 269.

Head grey; thorax clothed with dark brown, red-brown, and
white hairs ; abdomen pale fuscous. Eore wing black irrorated
with white ; subbasal and autemedial pale waved lines with a
white spot between them below median nervure ; the orbicular

Fig. 143. — Berresa tiirpis, ^ . \.

Genus CALLOPISTRIA.

254

NOOTTJIDiE.

aud reniform grey and indistinct; the postmedial waved line
excurved beyond cell ; a submarginal series of white dashes
crossed by a larger subapical dash which is usually pinkish but
sometimes white. Hind wing pale fuscous. "Underside pale ;
hind wing with indistinct cell-spot and crenulate postmedial line.

Hah. Europe ; Congo ; N.W. Himalayas ; Mlgiris. Exp.
26 millim.

1839. Callopistria strigilineata, n. sp.

cJ . Head, thorax, and abdomen clothed with red-bi'own and
grey scales. Pore wing bright rufous; a short subbasal line;
ante- and postmedial double lines composed of short strigse, the
latter excurved beyond cell ; the orbicular and reniform with white
outlines, the former round, the latter doubly curved ; an ill-defined
submarginal band ; some white specks on costa towards apex and
marginal and cUial series ; a white and grey apical patch and a
white spot on centre of margin. Hind wing pale ; underside with
spot at end of cell and postmedial line.

Hah. Sikhim (Moller). Exp. 34 millim. Type in coU. Elwes.

Sect. II. Antennas of male contorted at middle, but not
thickened or strongly cihated.

A. (Grnamptocera). Fore wing ivitli outer marc/in evenly curved;
legs of male not clotJied ivith long hair ; the tarsi and inner
spurs of mid legs fringed luith hair.

1840. Callopistria minuta, Butl. III. Hat. vii, p. 70, pi. 130, fig. 4.

Head and thorax clothed with red-brown mingled with black
hairs ; abdomen fuscous. Fore wang black, the veins ochreous ;
the ante- and postmedial lines not much curved and conjoined to
the orbicular and reniform, the whole space between them filled in
wath yellow except a triangular patch bounded by the costa,
orbicular, and reniform ; a submarginal highly dentate ochreous
line. Hind wing dark fuscous ; underside with indistinct cell-spot
and postmedial line.

Hah. N.W. Himalayas. Exp. 20 millim.

1841. Callopistria minor, Hmpsn. III. Bet. viii, p. 81, pi. 146,

figs. 16, 17.

cJ . Differs from minuta in being much darker. Fore wing with
the veins and space between the ante- and postmedial lines pale
reddish ; the submargmal line broken up into irregularly disposed
blue-grey specks.

$ . Uniformly much darker.

Hah. Nilgiris. Exp. 22 milUm.

CAIiLOPISTBIA.

255

B. (Dissolophus). Fore iving xvith the outer margin angled ; legs
of male clothed with very long tufts of hair, esjpecially the
mid tibice and tarsi.

1842. Callopistria repleta, WlJc. Cat. xii, p. 865 ; C. Sr S. no. 2221.

Head and thorax clothed with dai-k browu, ferruginous, and
white hair ; abdomen paler, with the dorsal tufts ferruginous.
Pore wing dark variegated with red ; the veins, subbasal, ante- and
postmedial lines pale reddish, the antemedial line curved, the
orbicular elongate, the postmedial line not much excurved and
forming with the reuiform, which is elongate with broad white
edges, a ?-mark ; an indistinct medial dark crenulate line ; some
irregularly disposed submarginal broad pale, streaks on apical area.
Hind wing fuscous ; ciha pale, with a dark line through them ;
underside with cell-spot and crenulate postmedial line.

Hab. Japan ; N.W. Himalayas. Exjp. 40 millim.

Sect. III. [Hemipachycera). Antennse of male slightly knotted and
contorted at middle ; the tibije, tarsi of fore legs, and spurs
of mid legs moderately hairy ; fore wing with the outer
margin angled.

1843. Callopistria rivularis, 7F77c. Cat. xii, p. 867 ; Smpsn. Ml. Het.

ix, pi. 163, fig. 2 ; C.S[S. no. 2222.

Head, thorax, and abdomen dark. Pore wing blackish, clouded
with grey and irrorated with ochreous ; the veins ochreous ; a
double subbasal ochreous Une and similar regularly curved ante-
medial line ; the orbicular and reuiform elongate ; the post-
medial line much excurved beyond the ceU and forming with the
reuiform a ?-mark ; some prominent irregularly disposed streaks
on apical area ; the tufts at base and outer angle long, the latter
white. Hind wing dark fuscous ; the cilia pale ; underside dark,
with obscure cell-spot and postmedial line.

Hab. N.W. Himalayas ; Nilgiris ; Ceylon ; Fiji. Exp. 30 millim.

1844. Callopistria yerburii, Butl. P. Z. S. 1884, p. 496.

Differs from rivularis in the head and thorax being ochreous ;
the abdomen and hind M'ing much paler. Fore wing with the
antemedial line slightly angled on median nervure ; the post-
medial line more excurved at vein 4 : the apical streaks more
diffused ; some specimens have a reddish spot beyond the lower
angle of cell and the margin reddish.

Eab. Aden ; NUgiris. Uxjo. 32 millim.

1845. Callopistria duplicans, Wlk. Cat. xii, p. 866 ; C.^ S. no. 2218
Differs from repleta in the fore wing having the antemedial line

256

iTOOTinD;E.

slightly curved ; the postmedial line sinuous instead of excurved
beyond the cell.

Hah. Formosa; Silhet ; Moulmein. 32 millim.

Sect. IV. (Agabra). Antenna of male expanding into a knot at
middle, the portion beyond it being curved and more strongly
ciliated ; tibia and tarsi o£ fore legs clothed with long hair,
the spurs of mid tibiae fringed with hair.

1846. Callopistria placodoides, Gue7i. Nod. ii,p. 296 ; C. Sr S. no. 2225.

Chestnut. Pore wing suffused in parts with purplish white ;
subbasal, ante- and postmedial dark double lines angled below the

costa ; the orbicular and reniform
elongate. and with white edges, the
former traversed by an iU-detined
curved whitish line, the latter by a
similar dark line ; a dark sinuous
line beyond the postmedial double
lines ; submarginal and marginal
^ white lines with dark edges, angled

Callopistria placodoides. i- centre and with the area between

them suffused with purpush. Hind
wino- pale fuscous, the cilia whitish ; underside with the costal
area" suffused with red; a ceU-spot, postmedial and submargmal

lines. 1 1 ii

Some specimens are much darker than others.
Eab. NUgiris ; Borneo ; Java. Exp- 36 millim.

1847. Callopistria ffithiops, Butl. A. M. N. S. (5) i, p. 200 ; id. III. Bet.
iii, pi. 46, fig. 4.

Differs from repZeto in the antemedial line of the fore wing being
angled below median nervure; the orbicular small and conjomed
to the antemedial Hue; the reniform narrow with fine edges ; a
white speck beyond lower angle of ceU; the postmedial hue more
excurved beyond the ceU; the submargmal streaks finer, one
between veins 2 and 3.

Eab. Japan ; Nilgiris. Kvp. 32 millim.

1848. Callopistria indica, Butl. A. M. N. E. (6) viii, p. 76, pi. is, fig. 8.
Head and thorax ochreous, with a few Wack hairs ; abdomen

fnscoiis aTd ochreous. Pore wing blackish, clouded wi h grey
tuscous 'iii'^ " nchreous- the veins ochreous; a double sub-
ots bt; a S antemedial line highly angled just
basal ocuiLuus , r,i-l-,ipiilnr elonc^ate, some specimens

Tfeu'ow'patS beS: nd tbe ren&orm ; the po^stmedial
W mi^b xcurrd t^^^^^^^^ tl^e cell and forming with the reniionn
a" mirk ; some prominent irregularly disposed streaks on apical

CjUiLOPISTBIA. — BLUSA.

257

area; the tiiEts at base and outer angle long, the latter formed
of white hair. Hing wing fuscous ; the cilia ochreous, with a
dark line through them ; underside with discocellular lunule and
postmedial hne.

Hub. N.W. Himalayas ; Oanara ; Borneo. Exp. 22-30 millim.

Sect. V. {RhoptrotncMa). Antennae of male with three spatulate
hairs on the curved portion ; legs very densely clothed with
long hair.

1849. Callopistria recurvata, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 144 ; id. Lep. Ceyl.
pi. 151, fig. 1 ; C.SfS. no. 2220.

Head and thorax clothed with dark ferruginous and white
hair; abdomen paler, with the dorsal tufts ferruginous. Fore
wing differs from indica in being more varied with reddish ; the
veins and lines reddish ; the antemedial line more angulated ; a
medial crenulate black line. Underside of hind wing with more
crenulated postmedial line.

Hah. China; throughout India, Ceylon, and Burma; Java;
New Hebrides. Exp. 40 millim.

Genus ELTJSA.

Elusa, Wlk. Cat. xvi, p. 202 (1858). ,
Seria, Wlk. Journ. Linn. Soc. vi, p. 193 (1862).
Lugana, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 145 (1882).

Type, E. ceneusalis, Wlk., from Borneo.

Eange. Sikldm ; Assam ; Nilgms ; Ceylon ; Andamans ; Borneo.

Eyes naked and without lashes ; proboscis fully developed ;
palpi obliquely upturned, the 2nd joint reaching vertex of head
and roughly scaled, the 3rd short. Antennas of male bipectinated,
the branches bent round and almost forming a cylinder just
before the middle, where the shaft is contorted and the branches
form a large hoUow cup, after which they gradually diminish to
apex : thorax without tufts ; abdomen with dorsal tufts. Legs with
the tibiae clothed with dense tufts of hair; hind legs clothed with
very long hair to the end of the tarsi. Pore wing with the cilia
non-crenulate ; the inner margm lobed at base, and with a tuft
of long scales at outer angle.

1850. Elusa bipars, Moore, P. Z. S. 1881, p. 373, pi. 38, fig. 7; C. & S.
no. 1873.

Lugana rufula, Ilmpsn. III. Het. viii, p. 81, pi. 146, figs. 22, 23.
Lugana renalis, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 14G ; C. 8( S. no. 2229.'

6 ■ Head and thorax very dark red-brown ; the cup of antenna
black ; abdomen paler. Tore wing very dark red-brown, the outer
area brighter ; traces of subbasal, ante- and postmedial waved lines

VOL. n. f,

258

irOCTUIDJE.

and nearly straight submarginal series of specks, whicli are darkest at

centre ; tlie orbicular a reddish speck ;
the reniform figure-of-8 shape and gi-ey
with dark centi-e. Hind wing fuscous,
or almost white in some Nilgiri and
Ceylon specimens.

5 with the postmedial area of fore
wing paler red-brown ; the hind wing
darker.

Hah. Ndgas ; Nilgiris ; Ceylon ;
Andamans. Exp. 22-26 millim.

Fig. 145. — Elusa bipars,

1851. Elusa cyathicornis, Wlk. Jom-n. Linn. Soc. vi, p. 194.
Differs from Upars in being ferruginous. Fore wing uniform

in colour, with the lines and stigmata very indistinct ; the cilia
dark. Hind wing darlc reddish.

Hah. Sikhim ; Margharita, Assam ; Nagas 5 Borneo. Exp. 24
millim.

1852. Elusa antennata, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 146; C. ^- S. no. 2228.

S . Differs from hipars in having an obscure curved ante-
medial line to fore wing ; a straight submarginal Una close to the
margin.

Hah. Sikhim. Exp. 28 millim.

Genus ARBORICORNUS, nov.

Type, A. ruber, Hmpsn.
Range. Nagas.

Palpi lone, porrect, and smoothly scaled ; antennas ot male bipec-
tinate- eyes naked and not lashed; thorax smoothly scaled;
abdomen 'with dorsal tufts ; tibiae without spines. Pore Aving sbort
and broad, the apex rounded ; veins 7, 8, 9, 10 stalked. Hmd
wing with veins 6, 7 stalked.

1853. Arboricornus ruber, n. sp.

Head and thorax dark red-brown ; abdomen paler, with the
dorsal tufts dark. Tore wing dark red-bro^ra, with a glossy
texture and almost uniform, except for three pale specks on costa
towards apex. Hind wing paler.

Pig. 146. — Arboricomus ruber, cj . \.
Hah. Ndgas, 6000 feet (Dolieriy). Exp. 24 millim. Type in
coU. Elwes.

CAKADEINA.

259

Genus CARADRINA.

Caradrina, Oc/is. Eur. Schmett. iv, p. 80 (1816).
Laphj'gma, Gum. Noct. i, p. 156 (1852).
Dvrzela, Wlk. Cat. xv, p. 1758 (1858).
Eadinacra, B%itl. A. M. N. II. (5) i, p. 161 (1878).
Dadica, Moore, P. Z. S. 1881, p. 349.
"Vapara, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 163 (1882).
Leucocosmia, Butl. Tram. Ent. Soc. 1886, p. 394.

Type, C. taraxaci, Hiibn., from Europe.
Range, Universally distributed.

Eyes naked and without lashes ; proboscis fully developed ; palpi
upturned, the 2Dd joint evenly clothed with hair. Thorax and
abdomen without tufts ; tibise wdthout spines ; cilia not crenulate.

Sect. I. Palpi with the 3rd joint very short. Male without
tufts of hair on the claspers.

A. (Caradrina). Male witJtout a cleft corneous ridge on
vertex of head.

a. Antennae minutely ciliated in male.

1854. Caradrina cognata, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 119; C. 8f S. no. 2010.

Head and thorax pale ochreous brown ; palpi with 2nd joint black
at sides. Eore wing pale ochreous brown, slightly irrorated with dark
scales ; subbasal, antemedial, medial, postmedia], submarginal, and
marginal indistinct waved lines, the second angled near inner margin,
the fourth below the costa ; stigmata obsolete or the reniform some-
times small and ochreous with two white specks on it. Abdomen
and hind wmg pure white, the latter with the veins and margin
slightly tinged with fuscous.

Hah. Sikhim; Poena; Khanddla; Nilgiris. E.vp. 24millim.

1855. Caradrina exigua, HUbn. Samml. eur. Schmett., Noct. He. 362 ;

C. S. no. 2122.
Caradrina orbicvdaris, Wlk. Cat. x, p. 294.

Caradrina venosa, Butl. Ent. Mo. Mag. xvii, p. 7 ; C. 8. no. 2115.

Spodoptera cilium, Guen. Noct. i, p. 166 ; C. S. no. 2117.

Spodoptera insulsa, Wlk. Cat. xxxii, p. 648.

Spodoptera erica, Buti. P. Z. 8. 1880, p. 675.

Laphygma cycloides, Guen. Noct. \, p. 167.

Laphygma macra, Guen. Noct. i, p. 167.

Laphygma ? caradrinoides, Wlk. Cat. ix, p. 190.

Caradrina flavimaculata, Harvey, Grate, New Check-list, p. 30.

Caradi-ina insignata, C. ^ 8. no. 2112 {nec Wlk.)

Pale ochreous brown. Pore wing with the subbasal, ante- and
postmedial double Hues indistinct ; the orbicular small and round,
pale or ochreous ; the reniform usually less prominent, with
ochreous or dark centre ; the submarginal line pale, angled below
the costa, and with some slight dark streaks before it at middle • a

b2

260

NOCTUIDiE.

marginal series of dark specks. Hind wing semihyaline opalescent
white ; the veins and outer margin tinged with fuscous.

The form cilium from Java has rather shorter wings.

Hab. Europe ; S. Africa ; N. and S. America ; throughout the
Oriental region ; Honolulu. Kvp. 26-32 millim.

1856. Caradrina kadenii, Fretjm; Beitr. Schmett. ii, p. 147, pi. 1B6

(1836). .
Cai-adriim himaleyica, KoU. BilgeVs Kasolimir, iv, p. 47 J.
Caradrina flavirena, Guen. Noct. i, p. 250.
Caradrina proxima, Bambur, Up. And.yl. 18, tig. 7.
Caradi-ina arenacea, Moore, P. Z 8.\m p 349; a <S-S.ro. 2105.
Caradrina f arinacea, Moore, P. Z. S. 1888, p. 411 ; C. &>■ S.

no. 2110 B.

Head, thorax, and fore wing grey, the last crossed by six evenly
waved indistinct lines; three black specks on middle of costa ;
reniform prominent and fuscous or brownish ; the submarginal
line with a brown and ochreous tinge. Hind wing pure white or
with a fuscous tinge.

Hab. N.W. Himalayas ; IJmhalla. Ex;p. 34 millim.

1857. Caradrina bremusa, Stvinh. P. Z. S. 1885, p. 451 ; C. S.
no. 2107.

Differs from Jcadenii in the subbasal and antemedial lines of fore
wing being dark ; the reniform smaller, less prominent, and
3nted on inner edge ; the postmedial line reduced to a series of
snecks the outer area more suffused; the submarginal hne not
brown and ochreous. Hind wing fuscous white.

Hab. Poena; Nilgiris. Exjp. 30 millim.

1858 Caradrina coruscantis, SwinA. Trans. Ent. Soc. 1885, p. 348,
pl.9,fig. 3; a<^^.no.2004.
Q Differs from Icadenii in being browner ochreous lore
wine'irrorated with dark specks, the hnes very indistinct ; the reni-
foim obsolete ; series of dark specks on costa and outer margin ;
the submardAal Une dark and diffused. Hmd wmg ochreous
whites traces of a postmedial line; the outer area suffused

with fuscous. .

Eab. Ohaman, S. Afghanistan. Exp. 33 millim,

1859. Caradrina quadripimctata, Fabr. Syst.Ent. p. 594; C.S(S.

no. 2108. ,~r J- • 1 Qa

Noctua grisea, Pott. Naturf ix, p. W«.
Phatenlclavipalpis, Scop. Ent. Ccrrn.y. 2\S.

tig. 4.

OABABRIIfA.

261

Carndrina hugeli, Feld. Reis. Nov. pi. 109, fig. 13 ; C. ^ S.
no. 2111.

Cai-adrina telucha, Switih. Trans. Ent. Soc. 1885, p. 348, pi. 9,

fin;. 2 ; C. .5- S. no. 2106.
Radinacra placida, Moore, Lep. Geyl. iii, p. 30 ; C. ^- S. no. 1965.

Differs from Tcadenii in being pale ochreous. Pore wing with

Vig.Ul.—Caradrinaquadri- Quetta ; Bengal; Geylon. Exp.
jnmctata, S . \. 30 millim.

1860. Caradrina delecta, Moore, P. Z. 8. 1881, p. 349, pi. 38, fig. 15 :

C. S. no. 2109.

cJ . Differs from quadripunctata in the transverse lines of the
fore wing being darker ; the orbicular and reniform black, with
reticulated markings of the ground-colour ; the submarginal ochre-
ous and brown line straight.

A specimen from Umballa is more ocbreous.

Hub. Umballa ; Sikbim. E.vp. 33 millim.

1861. Caradrina obtusa, mnpsn. III. Het. viii, p. 79, pi. 145, fig. 6.

Brownish ochreous. Fore wing with faint traces of subbasal,
antemedial, postmedial, and submarginal waved lines ; a faint dark
spot at lower angle of cell. Hind wing pure white.

Hah. Ganjam ; Nilgiris ; Bernardmyo, Burma. Exp., cS 25,
2 28 millim.

1862. Caradrina sincera, Stcinh. P. Z. S. 1889, p. 411.

$ . Brownish ochreous. Fore wing with very faint traces of
ante- and postmedial waved lines, and dark spot at lower angle of
cell. Hind wing paler. Underside without markings.

Hah. Simla. Exp. 36 millim.

1863. Caradrina tuiiformis, Stvmh. Trans. Ent. Soc. 1885, p. 350, pi. 9,

fig. 6; C. 8f S. no. 1919.

Differs from sincera in the palpi not being black at sides. Eore
wing with a faint submarginal pale line slightly angled below the
costa ; no spot at lower angle of cell. Hind wing semihyaline
white, with an ochreous tinge.

Hah. Quetta. Exp. 32 millim.

1864 Caradrina intaminata, Wlk. Cat. xxxii, p. 698 : Hmpsn III
Het. viii, pi. 143, fig. 5; C.^ S. no. 1990.

Head and thorax grey, irrorated with black scales ; palpi black

the waved lines more prominent ;
the reniform smaller ; a series of
dark streaks on costal half of
submarginal line. Hind wing
pure white, with slight dark mar-
gin.

Hah. Europe ; S. Africa ;

262

NOCTUIDjE.

at sides ; abdomen fuscous ; tarsi black, tinged with white. Fore
wing grey, irrorated with black ; the subbasal and antemedial lines
single, oblique, and arising from black patches on costa ; the orbi-
cular and reniform small black spots ; a broad diffused medial black
band angled on median nervure ; the postmedial line minutely
dentate ; the submarginal irregularly waved line arising from a
large blackish patch on costa ; a. series of marginal black specks.
Hind wing semihyaline white, the veins and outer margin tinged
with fuscous.

Hob. Nilgiris. Exp. 35-38 millim.

1865. Caradrina Mcornis, Hmpm. III. Set. viii, p. 77, pi. 145, fig. 18.

Silvery grey. Fore wing with the subbasal, ante- and post-
medial lines very indistinct ; the orbicular and reniform taking the
shape of black lunules, the former turned towards the costa, the
latter towards outer margin and sometimes with dark specks above
them on the costa ; the orbicular sometimes obsolete ; a nearly
straight pale submarginal line. Hind wing opalescent white, with
more or less fuscous on outer margin.

Hah. Nilgiri plateau. Exp. 30 millim.

1866. Caradrina thwaitesi, Moore, Lap. Ceyl. iii, p. 61, pi. 161, fig. 2 ;
C. Sf 8. no. 2227.

Pale brown ; head and thorax marked with black. Tore wing
pale brown, irrorated and blotched with black ; the subbasal line
obscured by black blotches ; the ante- and postmedial double lines
reduced to' series of striae, the latter with diffused black inside it ;
reniform black and ill-defined ; a broad submarginal waved black
band from costa to vein 4 ; a marginal series of prominent black
spots. Hind wing dark fuscous. Underside of hind wing with
cell-spot and postmedial line. • i u 4-

Some specimens have the fore wing more variegated with chest-
nut and dark brown ; the orbicular and reniform fuscous ; the
apical part of the submarginal band forming a promment black
patch.

Hah. Ganjam ; OeyloD, Exp. 30 millim.

1867. Caradrina transversa, Moore, Lq). Atk. p. 95, pi. 4, fig. 5;
C. 8f S. no. 1648.

S . Head and thorax clothed with black-brown and white scales ;
abdomen fuscous brown. Fore wing clothed ^^ith black-brown
and white scales ; traces of dark double ante- and postmedial hues,
the latter excurved beyond the cell; the orbicular and remtorm
very indistinct, a submarginal band formed of ill-defaned black-
bro'wn streaks and blotches. Hind wing fuscous brown.

Hah. Sikhim ; Nagas. Exp. 32 millim.

OAEADUINA.

263

1868. Caradrina postfusca, Hmpsn. III. Set. ix, p. 95, pi. 162, fig. 8.

d" . Head aud thorax fuscous browu, the scales tipped with
white ; abdomen fuscous. Fore wing dark fuscous, irrorated with
silvery-grey scales ; a large black spot in end of cell ; traces of
double M'aved ante- aud postmedial lines, and a single submarginal
line with some black streaks on it towards apex, and white on it
above middle and towards outer angle. Hind wing greyish fuscous,
with a broad ill-defined marginal band.

Hab. Ceylon. Exj). 30 millim.

1869. Caradrina ochreipuncta, n. sp.

Head and thorax dark grey-brown ; abdomen yellowish brown.
Pore wing dark grey-brown, with a slight purplish tinge; the
subbasal, antemedial, and submarginal sinuous lines and postmedial
crenulate line indistinct ; the orbicular represented by a dark speck,
the reuiform by an ochreous spot ; three ochreous specks on costa
towards apex. Hind wing pale fuscous ; underside with cell-spot
and postmedial line.

Hab. Sikhim. Ex^., S 40, $ 42 millim. Type in coll. Elwes.

1870. Caradrina rufescens, n. sp.

. Head, thorax, and fore wing ferruginous red, irrorated with
black. Eore wing with indistinct double waved ante- and post-
medial lines, the latter exeurved beyond the cell ; a dark dentate
medial line ; the orbicular and reniform indistinct ; an indistinct
ii-regularly dentate submarginal line. Abdomen and hind wing
fuscous, the latter with the cilia white and fuscous.

Hab. G-anjam {Mincliin). Exp. 26 millim. Type in coll.
Elwes.

1871. Caradrina far tiva, Swinh. P. Z. S. 1885, p. 448; C. S,- 8.

no. 1713.

(S . Head and thorax greyish brown ; abdomen with an ochreous
tinge. Fore wing grey-brown, slightly suffused with ochreous :
the veins streaked with black ; the orbicular and reniform grey on
a blackish patch ; cilia streaked with white. Hind wing pale
fuscous.

Hab. Poona. Exp. 24 miUim.

1872. Caradrina picta, Simnh. MS.

Head, thorax, and abdomen clothed with dark and white scales,
the first segment of abdomen with a dorsal tut't of metallic black
scales. Fore wing bright chestnut-red, suffused with white scales ;
indistinct ante- and postmedial waved dark lines ; a lunule at end
of cell, beyond which is a patch without white scales ; red apical
and subapical marks. Hind wing brown, with an indistLact large

264

NOOTTJIBjE,

dark cell-spot ; a greyish patch at anal angle, on which is an orange
and dark mark. Underside pale, with large dark cell-spot to each
wing, very prominent on hind wing ; a diffused postmedial rufous
band.

Hah. Chekiang, China ; Sikhim ; Khasis. Exp. 28 millim.
Type in B. M.

1873. Caradrina ochreimargo, n. sp.

5 . Head and thorax pale dusky reddish ; abdomen fuscous, with
ochreous anal tuft. Fore wing pale dusky reddish, with obliquely
sinuous antemedial Hne ; the orbicular a small pale spot ; reni-
form pale with dark centre, and crossed by an indistinct medial
line angled at lower end of cell ; an excurved minutely dentate
postmedial line ; traces of an irregularly sinuous submarginal line ;
a fuscous patch at centre of outer margin ; a marginal series of
black specks. Hind wing fuscous, the outer area darkest ; the
margin and cilia bright ochreous. Underside of fore wing fuscous,
with broad ochreous margin ; hind wing ochreous, with fuscous
postmedial line, the area beyoud it towards anal angle fuscous.

Hah. Sikhim (Ehues). Exp. 40 millim. Type in coll. Elwes.

b. Antennce hipectinated in male.

1874. Caradrina pectinata, n. sp.

cJ . Pale ochreous. Fore wing with indistinct waved subbasal,
ante- and postmedial lines ; the orbicular and reniform barely
traceable ; an irregularly dentate indistinct submarginal line.
Hind wing white, the margin slenderly fuscous.

Hah. Nagas, 1500 feet {Doherty). Exp. 28 millim. Type in coll.
Elwes.

B. (Leucocosmia). Male with a cleft corneous ridge clothed with scahs
on vertex of head ; abdomen clothed with ivoolly pile ; huild stout.

]875. Caradrina reclusa, Wlk. Joum. Linn. Soc. vi, -p. 185.

Kadinacra thoracica, Moore, Lep. Ceyl. iii, p. 31, pi. 148, fig. 4 ;

C. ^- S. DO. 1967.
Leucocosmia ceres, Butl. Trans. Ent. Soc. 1886, p. 394, pi. ix,

f^. 10.

Caradrina euthusa, Hvipsn. III. Set. viii. p. 79, pi. 145, fig. 1.

5 . Pale chestnut-brown. Pore wing with very faint traces of
the usual markings ; a prominent ochreous postmedial line slightly
curved from the costa to vein 2, and not waved. Hind wuig paler.

J . With the coUar and abdomen black ; the 2ud joint of palpi
black. Pore wing with the basal area clotbed wilh ochreous hair ;
hind wing with the base yellowish ; some specimens have a black
speck in cell of fore wing and series of specks on the postmedial

line and margin. oa o i -ir

Hah. Wilgms ; Ceylon ; Borneo ; Fi]i. E.vp. 30-34 milhm.

CAKADETNA.

265

Sbcx. II. Palpi with the 3rd joint somewhat longer.
A. (Eadinacra). Antenncv of male minutely ciliated.

1876. Caradrina externa, Wik. Cat. xxxiii, p. 715 : C. &■ S. nos. 1915

& 2110 a.

Dark greyish fuscous. Eore wing with traces of waved sub-
basal, antemedial, and medial lines ; the orbicular and reniform
very indistinct ; traces of a waved postmedial line with a series of
specks on it ; a more prominent nearly straight submarginal line.
Hiud wing paler. Underside with a postmedial line to both wings ;
hind wing with a cell-spot.

Eab. Dharmsala ; Punjab ; Sikhim. Exp. 28-34 millim.

1877. Caradrina lineosa, Moore, P. Z. S. 1881, p. M9 ; C. ^ S. no. 2116.
Graphiphora stellata, Moore, Zep. Atk. p. 119; C. S. no. 2018.

Greyish brown. Pore wing with the veins darker; prominent
slightly waved subbasal and antemedial dark lines ; a medial line
angled at lower end of cell ; a nearly straight postmedial Line ; a
waved submarginal line; the orbicular represented by a dark
speck, the reniform by a white spot with a speck above it. Under-
side with shght lunule at end of cell and postmedial line to both
wings.

Anal tuft in one Japanese male ochreous white.

Bab. Japan; Kiilii; Punjab. Exy., d 32, $ 47 millim.

1878. Caradrina renalis, Moore, Zep. Ceyl. m, p. 30, pi. 147, fig. 4a;

C. ^ S. no. 1966.

$ . Grreyish fuscous. Pore vnng with indistinct waved sub-
basal, antemedial, postmedial, and irregular submarginal line ; a
white speck near base of cell; the orbicular a black ochreous-
ringed speck ; the reniform an ochreous spot with white specks
above and below it ; a marginal series of white specks. Hind
wing pale, suifused with fuscous ; underside with cell-spot and
postmedial hne.

Bab. Nilgiris ; Ceylon, Exp. 26 mUlim.

1879. Caradrina divisa, Moore, Zep. Atk. p. 123 ; C. 8f 8. no. 1792.

Dark brown, with golden reflections. Pore wing with a sub-
basal pale line ; an antemedial oblique line ; the orbicular and
reniform large with pale edges; the postmedial hne excurved
beyond the cell ; the submarginal line ochreous and nearly straight ;
a marginal series of dark specks. Hind wing fuscous ; underside
with faint cell-spot and postmedial lino.

Bab. N.W. Himalayas ; Sikhim. Exp. 30 millim.

266

NOOTUIDjE.

1880. Caradrina opacaria, Sidnh. Trans. Ent. Soc. 1890, p. 2Gi, pi. 8,

fig. 3.

Head, thorax, and fore wing bright red-brown, the last with
waved subbasal and antemedial lines ; the orbicular and reniform
small, pale, and indistinct ; a medial diffused line ; a postmedial
line bent outwards beyond the cell, with slight specks on the veins
beyond it ; an irregularly waved submarginal line. Abdomen aud
hind wing pale ; the latter with the outer margin darker.

Mab. liangoon. Exj)., ^ 30, $ 35 millim.

1881. Caradrina variana, Swinh. P. Z. S. 1886, p. 444, pi. 40, %. 10 ;

C. Sr S. no. 19(38.

2 . Grey-brown. Pore wing with a subbasal short dark line ;
a waved antemedial line ; an indistinct diffused medial baud ; very
indistinct waved postmedial and submarginal lines. Hind wing
pale.

Hab. Mhow. Ex_p. 26 millim.

1882. Caradrina cervina, Moore, P. Z. S. 1881, p. 348, pi. 38, fig. 12 ;

C. ^ S. no. 2089.

5 . Grolden brown. T"ore wing with indistinct subbasal waved
line; an antemedial obUque line angled below the costa ; the
orbicular and reniform small and indistinct, the latter with shght
ochreous outline ; a medial diffused line angled at median nervure ;
a postmedial Une excurved beyond the cell ; a slight sinuous sub-
marginal ochreous line. Hind wing fuscous ; underside with cell-
spot and curved postmedial line.

Bab. Sikhim. Exp. 30 milhm.

1883. Caradrina castaneipars, Moore, Zep. Atli. p. 122; C. ^ -S'.

no. 1920.

Head, thorax, and fore wing dark purplish chestnut ; the last
with traces of ante- and postmedial waved lines and medial baud
excurved to end of cell; cilia pinkish. Abdomen and hind wmg
pale, with an ochreous fuscous tinge ; underside with speck at end
of cell ; both wings with traces of a postmedial line.

Bab. Sikhim. Exp. 30 millim.

1884. Caradrina melanosticta, Hmpsn. III. Bet. viii, p. 79, pi. 145,

fig. 13.

cJ Dull brown. Fore wing irrorated with a few black scales ;
indistinct waved subbasal and antemedial blaclc lines ; a post-
medial line excurved beyoud the cell, deutnte on vein 2 and wi li
a black speck beyond it above vein 1 ; three subapical black specks

caradhina.

267

and Ji marginal series of minute specks. Hind wing paler ; the
underside with a postmedi.il line.
Hah. Nilgiri plateau. Exj). 28 millim.

B. (DjTzela). Antennce of male hipectinate iviiJi sliort branches ;
fasciculate in female.

1885. Caradrina bosca, Swinh. Trans. Ent. Soc. 1890, p. 266.

Dull brown. Fore wing with verj indistinct obliquely curved
antemedial and medial waved lines, and waved erect postmedial
line with a black spot beyond it below the costa ; a marginal series
of black specks. Hind wing fuscous brown ; underside with
indistinct cell-spot and waved submai-ginal line.

Hah. Eangoon ; Bassein ; Bhamo. Exp. 34 millim.

1886. Caradrina plagiata, Wlk. Cat. xv, p. 1758; C. ^ S. no. 1877.
Oglasa costipaunosa, Sivinh. Trans. JEnt. Soc. 1890, p. 266.
Oglasa costiplaga, Sioinh. Trans. Ent. Soc. 1891, p. 153.

Pale reddish grey-brown. Pore wing with large chocolate
sub-semicircular costal patch with pale edges before apex ;
oblique indistinct sinuous antemedial and medial lines ; some
black specks between the patch and inner margin ; a pale curved
submarginal line ; a marginal series of black specks. Hind
wing fuscous brown ; underside with distinct cell-spot and post-
medial line.

Hah. Moulmein ; Eangoon. Exp. 28-32 milKm.

Sect. III. Male with the claspers clothed with long hair.

A. Palpi with the Zrd joint minute ; antennae of male minutely

ciliated.

1887. Caradrina fasciata, Moore, P. Z. S. 1867, p. 54 ; C.^S. no. 2011.
Grapliiphora interstincta, Moore, Lep. Ath. p. 118; C. S.

no. 2014.

Eed-brown, with an ochreous or greyish tinge ; pectus and palpi
blackish. Pore wing with subbasal and antemedial waved lines ;
orbicular small, dark, and round, or obsolete ; a diffused curved
medial line ; reniform chestnut, with white specks on its outer
edge ; postmedial line curved and with a series of specks beyond
it ; an irregularly waved submarginal pale line ; a marginal series
of specks. Hind wing fuscous brown. Underside of hind wing
with a cell-spot and broad fuscous marginal band.

The form interstincta is redder chestnut.

Bah. Sikhim ; Bombay. Exp.., i 34, $ 37 millim.

268

NOCTUIDjE.

B. (Vapara). P(/Zpt with the Si-d joint long ; antenna of male
fasciculate.

1888. Caradrina mus, Htnpsn. III. Het. viii, p. 77, pi. 145, fig. 9.

Greyish fuscous ; palpi dark at sides. Tore wing with very
indistinct subbasal line ; a slightly oblique straight antemedial
line ; traces of a chestnut reniform stigma ; the postmedial line
curved and slightly lanulate ; the irregularly waved submarginal
line indistinct. Underside of fore wing with the outer area
greyish ; hind wing greyish, with prominent cell-spot and pos1>
medial line.

Hah. JSfilgiri plateau. Exp. 30 millim.

1889. Caradrina indistincta, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 163; id. Lep. Ceyl.
iii, pi. 159, fig. 7 ; C. <§• S. no. 2369.

Head and collar chestnut ; thorax brownish oehreous ; abdomen
fuscous. Fore wing brownish oehreous, with traces of transverse
lines ; the orbicular sometimes represented by a dark speck ;
reniform with some dark specks round it ; an indistinct submar-
ginal line, with some dark diffused marks on each side of it near
apex ; a marginal series of black specks. Hind wing fuscous ;
underside with cell-spot and postmedial line.

Eah. Sikhim; Nilgiris ; Ceylon; E.Pegu, ^^a?^^ 40-42 millim.

Genus TATHORHYNCHUS, nov.

Type, T. vinctale, "Wlk.

Bange. Aden ; throughout Peninsidar India ; Australia.

Differs from Caradrina in the palpi having a long porrect tuft
of hair on the second joint produced to a point ; antennas fascicu-
lated ; thorax and abdomen slender; legs much longer. Fore
wing longer and narrower. Hind wing more ample.

1890. Tathorhynchus vinctale, Wlk. Cat. sxxiv, p. 1476 ; C. ^- S.
no. 4160.

Head and thorax grey ; abdo-
men whitish. Fore wing whitish,
thickly irrorated and suffused with
grey-brown ; the outer area brown-
ish ; the orbicular represented by
an oehreous speck, the reniform
by a white speck ; traces of a sub-
marguial series of grey and fuscous
lunules and marginal series of dark
lunules. Hind whig pale fuscous,
darkest towards outer margin.
Ilab. Aden; Campbellpur; Coimbatore ; Australia. Kvp. 34
milhm.

Fig. 148.

Tathorhynchus vinctale, ^.

liETJOAiaA.

269

Genus LEUCANIA.

Leucania, Oclis. Eur. Schtnett. iv, p. 81 (1816).
DonacUora, SotJoffsky, Bull. Soo. Nat. Mosc. 1837, p. 14.
Aletia, Hiibn. Verz. p. 239 (.1818).
Hyphilara, Hiibn. Verz. p. 239.
Bcrolia, Moore, P. Z. S. 1881, p. 334.

Type, L. comma, Linn., from the Palsearctic region.

Bange. Universally distributed, except the Australian region.

Palpi obliquely upturned, the 2nd joint roughly scaled, the 3rd
prominent, short, naked, and depressed; proboscis fully formed;
eyes hairy; antennae minutely ciliated in male; head not deeply
retracted into the thorax, which is smoothly scaled; abdomen with
scarcely a trace of dorsal tufts on basal segments ; tibisB and tarsi
clothed with short hair. Fore wing with veins 8 and 9 anasto-
mosing to form the areole, vein 7 being given off from the end o£
it, 10 from before the end.

A. Fore wing ivitli a prominent, short, white \^-marh or streak on
median nervure.

a. Males with large areas of metallic scales on the underside of ivings,
and large paired tufts of black hairs on the basal segment of
abdomen below.

1891. Leucania decisissima, Wlk. Cat. xxxii, p. 624; Butl. III. Het.
vi, pi. 109, fig. 9 ; C.Sf 8. no. 1667.
Leucania nareda, Feld. Reis. Nov. pi. 109, fig, 9.
Leucania lanceata, Moore, P. Z. S. 1881, p. 340; C. ^ S. no. 1<378.
Leucania pulokra, Unell. Midd.-Smn., Lep. iv. p. 41, pi. 4, figs. 3, 4.

S ■ Head, thorax, and abdomen reddish ochreous, the last
suffused with fuscous. Fore wing ochreous, the veins outlined by
rufous streaks, especially those limiting the cell ; a white L-mark
on median nervure with a black speck inside it ; a pale oblique

Fig. 149. — Leucania decisissima, J .

fascia from the apex outlined by dark suffusion ; antemedial, post-
medial, and marginal series of black specks, the first two curved
and the first obsolescent. Ilind wing ochreous, suffused with
fuscous, especially on outer area. Underside with the disk of fore

270 itoctuidjE.

wing and whole of hind wing except the costa and inner margin
clothed with golden-silvery scales ; costa of fore wing with a post-
medial black spot. . .

5 . With more fuscous suffusion on the fore wing, especially in
the cell and on each side of the apical streak. Underside without
silvery areas ; hind wing with a black cell-spot and postmedial

series of specks. 04.
Hob. Sikhim; Assam; JSTilgiris ; Ceylon; Andamans ; Sumatra.

Exp. 31 millim,

1892. Leucania hamifera, Wlh. Journ. Linn. Soc vi, p. 179 ; C. Sr S.

LeTcania subnitens, Swinh. Trans. Ent. Soc. 1890, p. 218, pL vii,
fig. 1.

Differs from decisissima in being paler ; the whole cell of fore
Winer filled in with rufous ; the ante- and postmedial series ot
specks absent and the marginal series minute. Hmd wing much
paler. Underside with no costal spot on fore wing.

Bah. Sylhet ; Bhamo ; Borneo ; Java. Kvjd. 38 milhm.

1893. Leucania inframicans, Smpsn. III. Set. ix, p. 90, pi. 161, fig. 2.
d Differs from decisissima in the head, thorax, and fore wing

being grey with a pinkish tinge without trace of ochreous l ore
wing with the suffusion in the cell and outlining the apical
stretk olive-brown; the L-mark very prominent; ^^ms 3 and 4
streaked with white, and with black streaks above them some
blackish streaks above inner margin; cdia intersected ^it^ wlnte
no series of black specks. Hind wing white ; the central outer area
suffused with fuscous.

Bab. Pundaloya, Ceylon. Kvj>. 38 mdhm.

b. Males witlwut silver areas or Hack tuft on underside.

1894. Leucania rufistrigosa, Moore, P. Z. S. 1881, p. 337; C. ^- S.

LeucaiSrrufeseens, Moore, Lep. M^. P 102 ; a| ^. - 169^
Leucania dharma, Mom-e, P. Z. S. 1881, p. 3d», pi. 61, n„. ,
C. ^ S. no. 1670.

1895. Leucania 1-album, Linn Syst. Nat. xii, p. 850 ; mil>n. «.

eur. Schmctt. r^, fig. 227. „ jgg^ „. 335 ; C. Sf S.

Leucania peniciUata, Mom-e, P. Z. b. 1

no. 1684. p 7 S 1881. p. 334; C ^- S.

Leucania bisirigata, Moore, P. Z. t>. i^^i, p

no. 1660.

LEUCANIA.

271

Differs from inframicans in being darlcer ; the abdomen fuscous ;
hind wing dark fuscous ; cilia of both wings with fine pale and
dark lines through them. Underside of male without the silvery
areas and with a cell-spot and postmedial series of specks to hind
wing.

Hab. Europe; N.W. Himalayas; Sikhim; Burma; Nilgiris.
Eap. 37 mdliDi.

1896. Leucania vittata, Hmpsn. III. Bet. viii. p. 69, pi. 144, fig. 4.

(S . Ochreous white. Fore wing with red-brown suffusion in
and beyond the cell and beyond the apical oblique fascia ; a con-
spicuous black sti-eak from the base below the median nervure ;
the white streak on median nervure short, broad, and edged with
black ; the veins of outer area streaked with white ; some black
beyond lower portion of the apical fascia ; a marginal series of
black specks ; cilia intersected with white. Hind wing with the
outer area suffused with fuscous. Underside pale ochreous ; the
fore wing suffused with fuscous, except the inner area and veins of
outer area ; hind wing with the costal and outer areas suffused
with fuscous.

Hab. Nilgiris. Exp. 37 millim.

B. Pore luing witli the ivhite streak on median nervure long and
narroiv, reduced to a point or obsolete.

a. Fore wing with the ground-colour ochreous.

1897. Leucania vana, SicinJi. P. Z. S. 1885, p. 453, pi. 27, fig. 9-

C. 4- S. no. 2003. ' B ,

c?. Pale ochreous ; palpi black at des ; vertex of thorax with
a black patch centred with red-brown. Fore wings with the veins
pale-streaked; a black mark on lobe of inner margin; a broad
black fascia below median nervure from base to vein 2 ; black
patches beyond the cell betwen veins 2, 3 and 4, 6; a black
spot at centre of cell ; apical streak prominent, with diffused
fuscous on each side of it, and with black spots beyond it ; cilia
pinkish. Hind wing ochreous white. Underside immaculate.

-Hab. Poona. Kvp. 28 millim.

1898. Leucania howra, Moore, P. Z. S. 1881, p. 337, pi. 37, tig. 16 ;

C. ^ S. no. 1677.
Leucania basilinea, Swinh. Trans. Ent. Soc. 1890, p. 220, pi. vii
lig. 6. >if > if >

(S . Head and thorax brownish ochreous ; abdomen white.
Fore wing brownish ochreous ; a prominent black-brown fascia
below median nervure from the base to origin of vein 2 ; a slight
white streak on median nervure; slight brown streaks in inter-

272

NOCTUIDiE.

spaces of outer area. Hind wing pure white. TJuderside imma-
culate.

Hah. Calcutta; Bluimo, Burma. Exp. 34 millira.

1899. Leucania sulDsignata, Moore, P. Z. S. 1881, p. 33G ; C. Sf S.

no. 1694.

. Differs from rufistrigosa in the fore wing being shorter and
sqnarer, with no white streak on median nervure ; the hind wing
only suffused with fuscous on central outer area. Underside with
the' postmedial line obsolete on fore wing and replaced bj a series
of specks on hind wing ; no marginal series of specks.
Hab. N.W. Himalayas ; Poona. Kip. 26 millim.

1900. Leucania compta, Moore, P. Z. S. 1881, p. 336, pi. 37, fig. 8 ;

0. ^ S. no. 1664.
Leucania canaraica, Moore, P. Z. S. 1881, p. 339; C. c^-
no. 1662.

Leucania nefasta, Stoi7i7i. Trins. Ent. Soc. 1890, p. 219.
Leucania stramen, Hmpm. III. Set. viii. p. 68, pi. 144, fig.- 2.

S . Pale ochreous. Pore wing with slightly darker strealvs in
the interspaces ; the white streak on median nervure narrow ;
indistinct postmedial and marginal series of black specks. Hind
wino- pure white and semihyaline ; the apical portion of outer
margin tinged with fuscous. Underside of fore wmg with post-
medial costal spot and fuscous suffusion beyond end of cell ; hmd
wing with the costal area ochreous, irrorated with dark scales.

9 The ante- and postmedial series of specks on fore wmg
obsolete ; apex of hind wing without fuscous suffusion ; underside
without fuscous suffusion or costal speck.

One specimen from the Nagas has darker hmd wmgs. ^

Hah. Ndgas ; Ganjam ; Canara ; Ceylon ; NUgms ; Bhamo ;
Eangoon. Exp. 28 millim.

1901. Leucania homopteraua, SwinTi. Trans. Ent. Soc. 1890, p. 219,

pi. vii, fig. 12.

^ Whitish ochreous. Pore wing with the apex rounded ; the
veins" pale-streaked; the interspaces with fine red-brown streaks ;
the white streak on median nervure long and narrow. Hind Ming
white with some fuscous suffusion on outer margin. Underside
without cell-spot or postmedial series of specks to either wing.

Hab. Eangoon. Exp. 28 millim.

1902. Leucania byssina, Sivink P Z S. 1886, p. 442, pi. 40, fig. 6;

C. S. no. 1661.

2 Head, thorax, and fore wing ochreous white, irromf ed Nvitli
darl scales. Pore wing with a black speck at owe,- ^^^^^^^^^^ of cdl
and postmedial and marginal series of specks 1 he foiu.ei curved.
Hind wing pure white. Underside immaculate.

Hub. Mhow. E.vp. 28 millim.

LHUCANIA. 273

1903. Leucama abdominalis, Moore, P. z. 8. 1881, p. 338,- C. S.
strS'.^ trZJ""' ^"^f-^*'^ indistinctly pale-

series. Sind ^ing^S^ suk^e^^^^ T'^^"^^
irrorated with dark scales rfortv^^f ,1th ^^^^^^ Underside grey
nostmpdiil <»Tinf r>n r.^ofo V- j :^"g with the disk fuscous; a
Se?rf speeK ' ""^ "ith cell-spot .nd p„3taedml

i/»S. Dhamsaa; Khandila; Bengal. 39 miUim.

1904. lencania sinuosa, Mo„e, Uf. Atk. p. 102 ; c. ^ s. 1093

the o,,ter margm below apex; a black spot at Sire of cell ^
post„edi.l c„,™d black liaes ; a t£t i^rZitl^i Stl

Hah. Dharmsala; Sikhim; E. Pegu. Exp. 38 millim.

1905. Leucania denticula, H^psn. m. Het. i., p. 90, pi. 161, fig lo

quadrate renifor,n stands oSt as coL^Lol y hforbtutf
the white on median nernire almost obsolete orbicular;
JJab. Ceylon. Exj). 44 millim.

1906. Leucania exempta, Wlk. Cat. xi, v.no - c&S ,in iftri

2 ■ Differs from denticula in the reniform Mr,rr.r, u ■ ^
the^ante- and postmedial lines less^^^o^^W^^^^^^^^^

Sstmim:'''"^ ""'^^''-^^^ ^--^^ A-damans.

1907. Leucania v-albim, Sn.p.n. Bl. Het. viii, p. 69, pi. 144 fi. 10
^Differs from sinuosa in the fore wing bebg slightly sussed

T

274

NOOTUIDjE.

with feri'uginous in parts ; a short dark streak on median nervure
from the base ; the area in, beyond, and above end of cell suffused
with dark brown, disconnected from the dark mark on margin below
apex, and enclosing the ochreous orbicular and reniform stigmata,
which are conjoined into a broad V-sl>aped mark ; the ante- and
postmedial lines waved and indistinct. Underside more uniformly
suffused with fuscous.

Hal. Nilgiris. Etjop. 34 millim.

b. Fore wing with the ground-colour brownish ochreous
or olive-hrown.

1908. Leucania nainica, Moore, P. Z. 8. 1881, p. 337, pi. 37, fig. 15 ;

C. Sr S. no. 1G82. „„„ ^ p c

Leucania griseofaaciata, Moore, P. Z. S. 1881, p. 339 ; C. Sr S.
no. 1675.

Leucania percisa, Moore, P. Z. S. 1888, p. 410.
Leucania commoides, Butl. HI. Ret. vh, p. 8 (nec Guen.).
Leucania irrorata, Moore, P. Z. S. 1888, p. 409.

Differs from ahdominalis in being more or less irrorated with
fuscous ; the apical fascia of fore wmg almost obsolete and only

extending to vein 5. , .•

The form nninica=griseofasciata has an ohve-brown tmge , me

hind wing and underside dark fuscous, whilst per cisa= irrorata

is paler and ochreous.

Hah. N.W. Himalayas ; Khasis. E.vp. 39 milhm.

1909. Leucania semiusta, H7npsn. III. Set. viii, p. 69, pi. 144, fig. 17.

9 Pore wing more acute at apex; whitish, with a shght
ochreous-brown tinge. Pore wing irrorated with dark scales ; a
large brick-red and fuscous diffused patch on centre of disk with
traces of the pale orbicular and reniform stigmata on it a^id con-
ioined to a fuscous patch on outer margin below the apex. Hind
wing smoky black, the costa, inner area, and ciha ^^^^f^' , ^ . .

One spechnen has the fore wing without markings ; the underside
of hind wing with large cell-spot and postmedial line.

Hab. Nilgiris. Exp. 38 millim.

1910. Leucania modesta, Moore, P. Z. S. 1881, p. 335, pi. 37, fig. 11 ;
a Sr S. no. 1681.

Differs fi-om semiusta in the diffused dark patclies of the fore
win^ beine sh<^htly developed : some specimens have a black speck
It e'nd of fei and In indistLct sinuous -d-lj-^ ,f ^^J^J,
with a marginal series^of black specks Underside with ceU-spot
to hind wing and postoedial line on both wings.

Hab. Sikhim. E.vj). 44 millim.
1911. Leucania loreyi, Dup. Lip. B-ance, iv, p. 81, pi. 105, fig. 7
LeSc^fa ezsS, Guen. Noci. i. p. 83 ; C. ^- S. no. 1672.

IHUOANIA.

275

Leucania exterior, Wlk. Cat. ix, p. 106 ; C. ^ S. no. 1673.
Leucnnia designata, Wlk. Cat. ix, p. 107 ; C. ^ S. no. 1669.
Leucania tenebrifera, Wlk. Cat. ix, p. 113.
Leucania collecta, Wlk. Cat. ix, p. 105 ; C. ^ S. no. 1663.
Leucania denotata, Wlk. Cat. ix, p. 107 : C. ^ S. no. 1668
Leucania thoracica, Wlk. Cat. ix, p. 106; C. ^ S. no. 1696.
Leucania albistigma, Moore, P. Z. S. 1881, p. 337, pi. 37, fig. 9 :
C. ^ S. no. 1659. ^ ^ o .

Ochreous. Fore wing with a dark or red-brown suffusion on
median nervure and outlining the obscure apical fascia; a post-
medial curved series of specks ; a white speck at lower angle of
cell. Hind wing semihyaline white. Underside immaculate.
Some specimens have the head, thorax, abdomen, and fore wincr
smoky brown, irrorated with dark specks ; hind wing with some
fuscous on outer margin.

^ab. Europe; throughout India, Burma, and Ceylon. Exp.
3^42 millim. ^

1912. Leucania fraglHs, Bzctl. P. Z. S. 1883, p. 160 ; C. ^ S. no. 2005.

Grey-brown. Pore wing with indistinct waved ante- and post-
medial lines, the latter curved ; a white speck at lower angle of
cell. Hind wing pale with a slight brown tinge.

A specimen from the Chindwara district is darker than typical
specimens ; the larva there does much damage to wheat.

Hab. Simla ; Dharmsala ; Chindwara district, Central Provinces.
JExp. 30-32 minim.

c. Fore iving with the ground-colour pale brown, brick-red, or
yellowish ; orbicular and reniform stigmata traceable.

a. Males without paired tufts on basal segment of abdomen below.

1913. Leucania unipuncta, Sato. Zep. Brit. p. 174 (1803).

Leucania extranea, Guen. Noct. i, p. 77, no. 104: C & S
no. 1674. r , , . ^ .

Leucania antica, Wlk. Cat. ix, p. 100.
Leucania convecta, Wlk. Cat. xi, p. 711.
Leucania separata, Wlk. Cat. xxxii, p. 626.

Leucania adusta, Moore, P. Z. S. 1881, p. 335 ; C. & S. no. 1657
Leucania consimilis, Moore, P. Z. S. 1881, p. 336, pi. 37, fio-. 19

C. cy S. no. 1665.
Leucania trifolii, Butl. Trans. Ent. Soc. 1882, p. 114.
Leucania saccharivora, Butl. Trans. Ent. Soc. 1882, p. 115.

Pale brick -red or very pale brown and irrorated with dark
specks and blotches. Pore wing with slight traces of the orbicular
and renifoi-m stigmata ; a minute white speck at lower angle of cell
with a black speck inside it ; fairly prominent postmedial and
marginal series of black specks, the former curved ; an indistinct
oblique dark apical streak. Hind wing pale suffused with fuscous
in the red specimens less suffused towards base. Underside of

T 2

276 NOCTUIDJB,

hind wing sometimes with faint cell-spot and postmedial series of
specks.

Hah. Universally distributed. Exp. 44-50 miUim.

1914. Leucania pallidicosta.

Leiicania albicosta, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 97; C. Sf S. no. 1/02
(pra30CC.).

Differs from the red form of unipuncta in the vertex of head of
the costa of fore Aving and veins of outer area being whitish.
ffab. N.W. Himalayas ; Sikhim ; Ceylon. Exy. 45 millim.

1915. Leucania fraterna, Moore, P. Z. 8. 1888, p. 410; Butl. Ill-

Ilet. vii, pi. 126, fig. 9.

cJ . Differs from pallidicosta in the vertex of head and abdo-
men beino- rufous : fore wing without the postmedial series of specks
and apical streak.' Underside uniformly suffused with rufous.

Hah. Dharmsala. Exp. 47 millim.

1916. Leucania angulifera, Moore, P. Z. S. 1881, p. 333; C. S,- S.

no. 1703.

Eeddish ochreous. Fore wing with an antemedial dark line
oblique from costa to below cell, where it is acutely angled ;
reniform ochreous and ill defined; a nearly straight obhque
dark postmedial Une ; a slight marginal shade not reaching apex.
Hind mng dark fuscous. Underside with postmedial Lne to both

"^^^Hah. N.W. Himalayas. ^Krp. 34 millim.

1917. Leucania albivitta, Hmpsn. III. Het.yin, p. 68, pi. 144, fig. 16.
P Head and thorax reddish brown; abdomen fuscous. Pore

wine rSl-brown; indistinct curved ante- and postmedial «aved
S a short pure white streak on median nervure ; famt pale
orbTcdlar and Uniform stigmata. Hind wing fuscous. TJnder-
:^le Sh a marginal series of specks; hind wmg with promment

cell-spot.

Hah. Nilgiris. Exp. 33 miUim.

1918. Leucania rufipennis, n. sp.

Head aBd thorax pmUi.l, red. aMo.er, f-ou. 'he a„al
tafl ochreou.. Fore w.ng prnlost ™ .

series of specks. r,^imm Tvne in coll. Blwes.

Hah. Mauipur(2)o7ter<2/). Exp. 3G millim. ijpi^i

LBUOANIA.

277

1919. Leucania cinnamomea, Moore, P. Z. S. 1881, p. 352, d1 38

17; C. cS- & no. 2032. ^

cJ . Pale rufous. Eore wing with nearly straight ochreous and
rufous subbasal, antemedial, postmedial, arid siibniargiual lines, the
antemedial outwardly, the postmedial inwardly oblique ; the orbi-
cular and reniform very large, with ochreous and rufous outlines,
the former oblique ; a diffused fuscous medial line ; a marginal series
of dark specks. Hind wing reddish fuscous; the margin and
cilia pale rufous. Underside of both wings with prominent cell-
spot and curved postmedial line.
Hab. Sikhim. Exp. 42 millim.

1920. Leucania nigrorenalis, n. sp.

$ . Head and thorax dirty grey ; palpi black at sides ; abdomen
fuscous. Fore wing brownish grey, irrorated with black ; a black
spot in cell ; a medial band from cell to inner margin ; an elongate
lunula at end of cell, with a large triangular fuscous patch beyond
the lower angle; a sinuous submarginal pale line. Hind 'wing
pale fuscous ; underside with cell-spot and traces of postmedial
line.

Hah. Sikhim {Knyvett). Exp. 40 millim. Type in coll. Elwes.

b'. (Aletia.) Males with a pair of long tufts of hair from base of
abdomen on underside.

1921. Leucania distincta, Moore, P. Z. S. 1881, p. 333, pi 37 fi<r 4 •

C. L*)- 5. no. 1705. ^ "^''"n-*,

Aletia exanthemata, Moore, P. Z. S. 1888, p. 410 ; Sutl HI Het
vii, pi. 126, fig. 6.

Head and thorax reddish yellow, irrorated with black specks •
collar with a dark Hne ; abdomen pale with a reddish tino-e and
blackish dorsal spot on first segment ; the tufts on underside black in
male. Fore wing bright yellow, irrorated and suffused with rufous
and a few black scales ; indistinct ante- and postmedial curved lines •
orbicular and reniform stigmata yellow and fairly weU-marked •
a slight white streak on median nervure at end of cell • a slight
dark apical streak; a marginal series of black specks Hind
wing pale, suffused with fuscous. Underside pale with pinkish
suffusion ; a margmal series of specks ; fore wing with postmedial
spot oncosta; hmd wing with ceU-spot and postmedial series of
specks.

i/aZ). Dharmsala ; Sikhiin. Exp. 38 millim.

1922. Leucania ohscura, Moore, Ldp. Atk. p. 97; C & 8 no ^70f^
Aletia rudis, Moore, P. Z. S. 1888, p. 411 ; W /// ^t/ vi;

pi. 12G, figs. 7, 8 ; C. ^ ^. no. 1708 ^'

Head, thorax, and abdomen dull brick-red, irrorated with
fuscous ; the anal tuft ochreous, the tufts on underside bl'icl-
in male. Fore wing dull brick-red, irrorated with fuscous- 1
white speck on a blackish spot at end of ceP, sometimes ahn'ost

278 NOOTUID^E,

obsolete ; traces of a postmedial series of specks and apical streak ;
veins of outer area slightly tinged with white. Hind wing pale
fuscous, palest at base. Underside of hind wing with cell-spot
and postmedial series of specks.

Hah. Simla ; Dharmsala ; Sikhim ; Ceylon ; TSfagas ; E. Tegu.
Eayp., 40, ? 44 millim.

1923. Leucania corrugata, n. sp.

$ . Brownish grey. Pore wing slightly irrorated with dark
scales ; an antemedial series of black specks ; a pure white spot at
lower angle of cell, with an indistinct ochreous spot above it on a
reddish patch ; a crenulate postmedial line. Hind wing suffused
with fuscous ; the cilia whitish. Underside whitish, irrarated with

Hab. Simla {Harford). Exp. 40 millim. Type in B. M.

1924. Leucania reversa, Moore, Lep. Ceyl. iii, p. 6, pi. 144, fig. 5 ;

C. ^ S. no. 1707.

Head and thorax pale brown ; abdomen pale. Tore wing grey-
brown slightly suffused with red-brown ; an antemedial oub,vardly
oblique waved dark Une ; orbicular and reniform stigmata pale and
fairly prominent ; a curved lunulate postmedial line ; a marginal
series of specks. Hind wing pale, suffused with fuscous on outer
area Underside with postmedial black costal spot to tore wmg ;
both wings with lunulate postmedial Hue and marginal series ot

^^fS. Simla; Sikhim; Ganjam; Nilgiris; Ceylon; E. Pegu.
Exp., J 30, ? 38 millim.

1925. Leucania fasciata, Moore, P. Z. S. 1881, p. 334, pi. 37, fig. 12 ;

Bo?olfa Wfl^'Moor., Lep. Atlc. p. 98, pi. 4, fig. 6; C. Sr S.
no. 1701.

O . Pale reddish brown. Pore wing with some reddish suffusion
along median nervure,and a short dark streak from the base be ow
^t ; traces of an antemedial and a more pronounced curved double
eries of postmedial specks; faint traces f °f ^^J^^J^
reniform stigmata ; a marginal series of specks. Hmd wing daik
fuscous ; underside with cell-spot and postmedial line.
Hab. Sikhim. Exp. 40 millim.

d. Fore wing with the ground-colour hrown ; reniform
and orbicular stigmata absent.

1926. Leucania rufula, n. sp.

Dark red-brown; fore wing with the veins pale-streaked ; an
ind^stct curve! postmedial series of specks; an obscure apical

screak ; hind wing fuscous. • -r ivr

W Shillong. 37 millmi. Type in B. M.

lETJOANIA.

279

1927. Leucania nigrofasciata, n. sp.

c?. Pale brown. Fore wing with a prominent black streak
from base below median nervure ; the veins pale ; dark streaks in
the interspaces towards outer margin ; costa grey, speckled with
black. Hind wing fuscous. Underside with the fore wing and
costa of hind wing brown.

Eab. Kiilu. Exp. 40 millim. Type in coll. Elwes.

e. Fore luing witli the r/round-colour violaceous or rosy grey.

a'. Fore wing with vein 1 b not clothed with long scales on
underside in male,

1928. Leucania albicosta, Moore, P. Z. S. 1881, p. 338, pi. 37, %. 10:

a 4- S. no. 1658.
Leucania nigrilineosa, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 103 ; C. ^ S. no. 1683.
Leucania micacea, Hmpsn. III. Set. viii, p. 67, pi. 144, fig. 8.
Leucania duplicata, Biitl. III. Het. vii, p. 8.

Leucania prominens, Moore, F. Z. S. 1881, p. 339 (nec Wlk.) :

C. Sf S. no. 1688.
Leucania albivenata, Swinh. Trans. Ent. Sac. 1890, p. 217.
Leucania bifasciata, Moore, P. Z. S. 1888, p. 410 : Butl. III. Set.

vii, p. 51, pi. 126, fig. 13.

Differs from abdominalis in the head, thorax, and fore wing being
of a violaceous grey or in the form duplicata=prominens = albi-
venata^ with a rosy tinge instead of violaceous ; bifasciata also has a
rosy tinge, and has the basal, costal, and inner area of fore wing
whitish ; the apical fascia obscure ; thorax whiter.

The Mlgiri race micacea (28 millim.) is smaller. Some specimens
have a ceU-spot and postmedial series of specks to hind wing. One
specimen from the Nagas has some rufous in cell, and another
has the white streak on median nervure short.

Eab. Dharmsala ; Sikhim ; Khasis ; Nagas ; Nilgiris ; Beruard-
myo. Exp. 28-39 millim.

1929. Leucania curvilinea, Hmpsn. HI. Het. viii, p. 67, pi. 144, %. 3.

Differs from albicosta in having no oblique fascia from the
apex of fore wing. Underside immaculate.
Hab. Nilgiris. Exp. 30-36 millim.

1930. Leucania venalba, Moore, P. Z. S. 1867, p. 48 ; C.^ S. no. 1698.
Leucania lineatipes, Moore, P. Z. S. 1881, p. 335 ; C.^S. no. 1679,

Differs from albicosta in the fore wing being less produced at
apex ; the costa and veins less prominently pale ; abdomen and
hind wing almost pure white ; a marginal series of black specks.
Underside immaculate except for a marginal series of minute
specks to each wing.

Bab. Dharmsala ; Khasis ; Ceylon. Exp. 34 millim.

280

NOOTUIDiE.

1931. Leucania polemusa, Swinh. P. Z. S. 188.5, p. 447, pi. 27, fig. 1 :

a ^- &'. no. 1686.

c? • Differs from albicosta in the fore wing having a black streak
from tlie base below median nervure ; the white streak on median
nervure shorter ; a curved postmedial series of specks ; the apical
oblique streak obsolete. Hind wing pure white and semibyaliue,
with a mai'ginal series of black specks. Underside immaculate.

Ilah. Poena. Exj). 27 millim.

1932. Leucania uniformis, Moore, P. Z. S. 1881, p. 339 ; C. ^- S,

no. 1697.

5 . Head and thorax violaceous grey. Fore wing violaceous
grey, the outer area pinkish ; the veins and interspaces slightly
streaked with white, especially from end of cell to apex ; traces of
a postmedial series of specks. Hind wing fuscous grey.

Bab. N.W. Himalayas. Kvp. 34 millim.

b'. Underside of vein 1 b of fore wing in male clothed with
long oclireous scales.

1933. Leucania tangala, Feld. Reis. Nov. pi. 109, fig. 12 ; C. ^- S.
no. 1695.

Leucania mediofusca, Hmpsn, III. Het. viii, p, 68, pi. 144, fig. 9.

(S . Differs from curvilinea in the apex of the fore wing being
rounded ; no marginal series of specks. Abdomen, hind wing, and
underside uniform yellowish white.

Hab. NOgiris. Kvp. 34 millim.

f . Fore wing with a broad dark fascia from base to outer margin, or
the whole iving except costal area dark.

1934. Leucania irrorata, Moore, P. Z. S. 1881, p. 341 ; C. Sr S.
no. 1714. ^ , ...

Axylia fasciata, Moore, P. Z. S. 1881, p. 341 ; id. Leih Ceyl. ni,

pi. 144, fig. 6 ; C.Sr S. no. 1712 (pr£eocc.).
Axylia albivena, Moore, P. Z. S. 1881, p. 342 ; C. ^ S. no. 1/11.

Ochreous white ; collar fringed with fuscous. Tore wing with a
fuscous fascia from the base along median nervure to outer margin,
below which is a black strealc at base ; two black spots at middle of
cell and one at lower angle ; a double postmedial and single marginal
series of dark specks ; veins of outer area slightly paler. Hind
wing white, with marginal series of specks.

Some specimens have a black streak below base of median
nervure and fuscous subapical triangular patch on outer margin ;
the cilia fuscous.

Sab. Kulu ; Punjab ; Ceylon. E.vp. 30 millun.

IiEUOAOTA. — FLOCOIFEBA.

281

1935. Leucania bifascia, Hmpsn. III. Set. ix, p. 91, pi. 161, fig. 6.

Whitish with a slight pink tinge; thorax black-brown; fore
wing with a black-brown fascia from base, becoming very broad in
and beyond the end of cell ; a white speck at lower angle of cell ;
postmechal and marginal series of specks ; veins rather pale. Hind
wing pinkish fuscous.

Ifab. Ceylon. Exjj. 31 milhm.

1936. Leucania proleuca.

Axylia albicosta, Hmpsn. III. Bet. viii, p. 70, pi 144, fig. 20
(prffiocc).

_ Markings as in bifascia, from which it differs in not havmg the
pink tmge ; the bead and abdomen blackish ; the fore whig wholly
blackish except the white costal area and some rufous on marginal
area.

Sab. Nilgiris ; Travancore. Rrp. 34 millim.

1937. Leucania irregularis, Wlk. Cat. xi, p. 712 ; C. ^ S. bo. 1721.
AxyHa abstracta, Swinh. Tram. Ent. Soc. 1890, p. 221, vl. vii,
fig. 13. ' f > >

d . Brownish ochreous. Fore wing with a dark brown tri-
angular patch occupying the area between lower angle of cell, apex,
and outer angle ; fine chocolate streaks above and below median
nervure and towards the apex ; a white spot at lower angle of cell.
Hind wmg white, the margm suffused with brown. Underside
immaculate.

Sab. Moulmein ; Bhamo. Exjj. 30 millim.

Genus FLOCCIFEEA, nov.

Type, F. eric/ida, Swinh.
Range. Burma.

Eyes naked and without lashes ; proboscis fuUy developed ; palpi
upturned and smoothly scaled, reachmg vertex of head ; antenna
of male minutely ciliated; tibiae without spmes; thorax and
abdomen without tufts ; a pair of tufts of long hair from base of
abdomen below.

1938. Floccifera erigida, Sivinh. Tram. Ent. Soc. 1890, p. 221.

Pale red-brown. Pore wing with indistinct subbasal and ante-
medial waved lines ; a black speck at middle of cell, some specks on
discocellulars ; traces of a narrow diffused medial band angled at
lower end of cell ; an indistinct postmedial slightly w aved line with
a series of specks beyond it ; an irregularly waved submarginal

282

NOOTtriDiE.

line. Bind wing pale, the veins and margins suffused with reddish
brown ; underside with cell-spot and postmedial series of specks.

Fig. 150. — Floccifera erigida, ^. \.
Hah. Thyetmyo, Burma. Exp. 44 millim.

Genus AECILASISA.

Arcilasisa, Wlk. Cat. xxxii, p. 470 (1865).
Tiracola, Moore, P. Z. S. 1881, p. 351.

Type, A. sobria, "Wlk.

Range. Throughout India and Ceylon ; Australia,

Eyes minutely pubescent; proboscis fully developed; palpi

obliquely porrect, with somewhat long hair below; thorax and

abdomen without tufts ; legs without spines.

Sect. I. (ArcUaswa). Antennse fasciculated in male ; the
cilia of fore wing slightly crenulate.

1939. Arcilasisa sobria, WlJc Cat. xxxii, p. 470; C. 8f S. no. 1699.

TJniform pale grey-brown ; fore wing irrorated with dark scales.
Underside of hind wing with a black cell-spot.
Hab. Kiilu ; Sikhim ; S. India. E.vj^. 76 millim.

Sect. II. (Tiracola). Antennae minutely ciliated in male ;
fore wing witb the cilia strongly toothed.

1940. ArcUasisa plagiata, Wlk. xi, p. 740 ; .Tfooj-e, iep. CeyZ. iii,
pi. 148, figs. 1, la (larva); C. Sr^S. no. 199b.
Agrotis plagifera, Wlk. Cat. xi, p. 741.
Agrotis spectabilis, Wlk. Cat. xxxu, p. /04.

Pale grey-brown; abdomen fuscous. Eore wing often much
suffused with red-brown and irrorated witb dai^£ brown ; an indis-
tinct waved antemedial line, often almost obsolete; the orbicular
obsolete ; the reniform almost obsolete, ochreous or fuscous, some-
times on a dark patch; traces of a postmedial curved series ot
black specks; a submargiual doubly curved ochreous bne; a mar-
ginal series of black specks. Hind mng fuscous, the cilia whitish.

ABOII/ASISA. — ATOHMIS.

283

Larva dull violet-brown, with a few fine dorsal hairs; a few
scattered grey dots and a sublateral pale olivaceous band from
fourth somite ; head and legs violet-grey, the former small ; anal
somite conical. Pupa dark red. Pood-plant Emilia.

Pig. 151. — Arcilasisa plagiata, §. }-.

Hah. Sikbim; S.India; Ceylon; Borneo; Java. Exp. 44-60
millim.

Genus AUCHMIS.
Auchmis, Biibn. Verz. p. 243 (1818).

Cloantha, Bdv., Guen. Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr. viii, p. 509 (1839).
Type, A. poh/odon, Clerck, from Europe.

Range. N. America; Europe; 8. Africa; Amur; Japan;
throughout India and Ceylon.

Eyes naked and without lashes ; proboscis fully developed.
Palpi porrect, the 2nd joint evenly scaled, the 3rd prominent ;
antennae ciliated in male. Thorax without tufts ; abdomen with
small dorsal tufts on proximal segments ; mid tibiae very rarely
spined. Wings with the cilia crenulate ; hind wing with vein 5
obsolescent.

1941. Auchmis intermedia, Brem. Lep. Ost-Sib. p. 53.

Auchmis sikkimensis, Moore, P. Z. S. 1867, p. 49, pi. 6, fig. 15 ;
a ^ S. no. 1652.

Head and thorax whitish, marked with red-brown and dark

Fig. 152.~Auch'm.is intermedia, . {.

brown ; abdomen pale, with a pinkish ochreous tinge. Eore wing
whitish ; costal area suffused with brown and pinlcish ; cell with
fine dark streaks in it ; a prominent black fascia below the cell and

284

another above inner margin ; the inner area and that surrounding
tlie lower part of the reniform, which is white and ochreous, suf-
fused with chestnut and olive browns ; some black streaks on the
oblique apical fascia, and some on outer margin below the middle ;
cilia chestnut, intersected by pale teeth. Hind wing white, the
veins and outer area suffused with fuscous.

Hah. Amur ; Japan ; throughout India and Ceylon. Exp. 38
millim.

*1942. Auchmis ? cashmirensis, Moore, P. Z. S. 1881, p. 358 ; C. ^- S<
no. 1821.

Pale ochreous ; palpi and legs marked with black. Pore wing
with the base speciiled with black, and with a black streak above
inner margin ; a medial ochreous band, bordered by indistinct
sinuous double black lines ; the orbicular, reniform, and claviform
blackish, with ochreous edges ; some dentate discal black marks ; a
patch above outer angle and marginal series of black and white
specks. Hind wing pale fuscous ; the outer area darker, with
crenulate marginal line.

Hab. Kashmir. Exp. 32 millim.

Genus NONAGRIA.

NonagTia, Ochs. Eur. Schmett. iv, p. 82 (1816).
Microsemyra, BiM. P. Z. S. 1883, p. 155.

Type, iV. dissoluta, Tr., from Europe.

Range. Palsearctic region and throughout India, Ceylon, and
Burma.

Eyes naked and without lashes ; proboscis thin. Palpi obliquely
porrect, the 2nd joint evenly scaled, the 3rd prominent ; thorax
and abdomen without tufts ; tibiae without spines. Wings with
the cilia not creniilate ; fore wing with the apex somewhat acute ;
hind wing with veins 6 and 7 stalked or from cell.

Sect. I. Hind wing with veins 3 and 4 from the cell.

A. AnteiincB of male ciliated, of female simple.

1943. Nonagria inferens, Wlk. Cat. ix, p. 105 ; Moore, Lep. Ceyl. iii,

pi. 145, fig. 3 ; C. ^- S. no. 1654.
Leucania proscripta, W/k. Cat. ix,

p. 106 ; C. l5- S. no. 1655.
Sesamia frateraa, Moore, Lep. Atk.
p. 103 5 C. 8, S. no. 1653.

Ochreous. Pore wing with a red-
brown suifusion along median neryure
and veins 2 to 5 ; a marginal dark line ;
cUia paler. Hind wing M hite.
Mhow ; Ceylon Burma ; Flores.

Fig. 153.
Nonaqria inferens, $ .

Hah. Sind ;
E.xp. 28 millim.

Bombay ;

NONAGBIA.

285

1944. Nonagria confusa, Wlk. Cat. ix, p. 105 ; Moore, Lep. Ceijl. iii,

pi. 145, %. 4 ; C. S)- S. no. 1709.

S ■ TJniform brownish ochreous ; fore wing iii some specimens
slightly tinged with pinkish and with faint traces of postmedial
specks ; abdomen and hind wing almost pure white.

Hah. Ceylon. Exp. 34 millim.

1945. Nonagria rohusta, n. sp.

cJ . Head and thorax pale red-brown ; palpi fuscous ; abdomen
fuscous, the anal tuft ochreous. Fore wing pale red-hrown; a
dark streak from base below median nervure ; a somewhat indistinct
highly waved antemedial Hne ; the orbicular and renif orm with
slight black outlines, the latter with a black spot on its outer edge ;
the median nervure and veins 3 and 4 grey ; a lunulate postmedial
line with black points on the veins ; outer area darker, ending
obliquely below the apex. Hind wing dark fuscous ; cilia rufous j
underside vdth cell-spot and postmedial line.

Hah. Sikhini. Exp. 52 millim. Type in coll. Elwes.

1946. Nonagria submarginalis, Smjjsn. III. Set. vili, p. 60, pi. 141,

fig. 5.

cJ . Yellowish fuscous-brown. Tore wing with some dark scales
at end of cell ; a pale submarginal line from below apex to inner
margin, with black suffusion on its inner side ; a marginal series of
black specks. Hind wing dark fuscous ; the cilia pale.
Hah. Nilgiris. Exp. 30 millim.

B. Antennce of female serrate.

1947. Nonagria fuscovirens, n. sp.

2 . Head and thorax bright green ; abdomen whitish, with
slight green suffusion. Fore wing bright green. Hind wing pale
fuscous, the outer area pale green. Underside with the disk of
fore wing suffused with fuscous.

Hah. Kashmir (Leech). Exp. 42 millim. Type in coU. Leech.

C. Antennce of male hipectinate with long branches, of
female with short branches.

1948. Nonagria cMoroptera, n. sp.

Differs from fuscovirens in having no fuscous on hind wing or
underside of fore wing.

Hah. Kashmir (Leech). Exp. 52 millim. Type in coll. Leech.

286

NOCTUID^.

Sect. II. Hind wing with veins 3 and 4 stalked.

A. Antenna: of male ciliated.

1949. Nonagria conspersa, Moore, P. Z. S. 1881, p. 340 ; C. 8f S.

no. 1710.

$ . Head, thorax, and fore wing pale octreous, uniformly irro-
rated with rufous scales ; abdomen and hind wing pure white.
Hab. Calcutta. Exp. 44 milHm.

B. (Microsemyra.) Antennae of male serrate.

1950. Nonagria pallida, Butl. P. Z. S. 1883, p. 155 ; C. ^- <S'. no. 865.
Ochreous white. Tore wing slightly irrorated with fuscous.

Hind wing pure white.

Hab. Mhow. Exp. 22 millim.

Genus ACRAPEX, nov.

Type, A. prisca, "Wlk.
Range. Nilgiris ; Ceylon.

Differs from Nonagria in being more slenderly built ; in the
fore wing being more produced at apex ; vein 7 from or from just
beyond end of areole ; the hind wing with the outer margin ex-
curved at veins 2 to 4 j veins 6, 7 and 3, 4 stalked ; vein 5 bent
at origin.

1951. Acrapex prisca, Wlh. Cat. xxxv, p. 1963; C. Sf 8. no. 1687.

Senta cramboides, Moore, Lep. Ceyl. iii, p. 12, pi. 145, fig. 6 ;
C. ^ S. no. 1718.

Brownish ochreous ; fore wing
with the veins outlined with red-
brown ; a postmedial and shght
marginal series of specks ; a slight
apical streak. Hind wing ochre-
ous white, slightly sufiPused with
fuscous towards outer margin.
ipig. Acrapex prisca, S ■ h Hah. Ceylon. E.tp., d 34, $

38 millim.

1952 Acrapex hamulifera, Empsn. III. Bet. ix, p. 91, pi. 161,
fig. 5.

(J . Brownish grey ; head and collar with an ochreous tinge ;
fore wing slightly suffused with ochreous and more so with black ;
a white hook-shaped mark on median nervure; a pale oblique
apical streak; a series of black specks on outer margin, ilmd
wing pale fuscous. Underside of hind wmg with cell-spot and
postmedial curved line.

Hab. Ceylon. Exp. 34 millim.

AOHAPEX. — PHTOIDIMOEPHA.

287

1953. Acrapex leucopMebia, n. sp.

c? . Differs from Jiamulifera in having no white mark on median
nervure of fore wing ; the veins much more prominently pale ; the
apical streak less prominent.

Hab. Nilgiris. IIxp. 28-31 millira. Type in B. M.

Genus ACUTIPENNA, nov.

Type, A. acuminata, Hmpsn.
Mange. Nilgiris.

Differs from Acrapex in the apex of the fore wing being very
much produced, vein 7 anastomosing strongly with 8 and 9 to
beyond the areole ; hind wing with veins 6 and 7 on a long stalk ;
vein 5 more developed and from near lower angle of cell.

1954. Acutipenna acuminata, n. sp.

Head and thorax reddish and
dark brown; abdomen whitish.
Pore wing reddish brown, with a
prominent white fascia from the
base through the cell to the apex
and a blackish fascia below it ;
veins pale streaked. Hind wing
white.

Eab. Nilgiris. Exp. 26 mil-
lim. Type in B. M.

Genus PHYCIDIMOEPHA.

Phycidimorplia, Hmpsn. III. Met. ix, p. 103 (1893).

Type, P. rosea, Hmpsn.
Mange. Ceylon.

Eyes naked and without lashes; palpi porrect and reaching
beyond the frons ; antennse with long bristles and ciUa ; thorax
and abdomen without tufts; tibiae naked and without spines.
Pore wing very long and narrow ; the outer margin very oblique •
vein 7 given off after the areole. Hind wing with veins 3 and 4
on a short stalk; 5 straight and from below centre of disco-
cellular.

1955. Phycidimorpha rosea, Hmpm. HI. Set. ix, p. 104, pi. 163,

cJ . Head and thorax ochreous white, with slight pink suffusion •
abdomen pale ochreous. Tore wing pale ochreous, almost uniformly

288 NOCTUIDiE.

suffused with pink, which is rather deepest below the costa ; the
costa white. Hind wiug whitish, shghtly suffused with fuscous
towards outer margin.

Fig. 156. — I'hyoidimor'pha rosea, . \.

Hab. Ceylon. Exp. 24 millim.

Genus PHYCIDOPSIS.

Phycidopsis, Hmpsn. Ill, Het, ix, p. 91 (1893).

Type, P. dlhovittata, Hmpsn.
Mange. Ceylon.

Differs from Nonagria in the antenn83 of the male being heavily
bipectinated. Fore wing with the costa arched; the apex
quadrate ; vein 6 given off after the end of cell.

1956. Phycidopsis alhovittata, Hmpsn. III. Het. ix, p. 91, pi. 161,
fig. 13.

cJ . Head and thorax fuscous ; collar and vertex of thorax
reddish. Eore wing pale red-brown, with the costal half suffused

Pig. 157. — Fhycidopsis alhovittata, <S • \-

with white ; a dark brown fascia on the costa from the middle to
near apex. Hiud wing pale fuscous.
Hab. Ceylon. Exp. 42 millim.

Genus LEOCYMA.

Leocyma, Ouen. Nod. ii, p. 212 (1852).
Chasmina, Wlk. Cat. ix, p. 146 (1856).
Clinoplilebia, Hmpsn. III. lid. ix, p. 92 (1893).

Type, L. tibialis, Fabr,, from Formosa, Australia, and the Pacific
Groups.

IBOCYMA.

289

Range. Africa; Japan; China; Formosa; India, Ceylon, and
Burma ; Australia and the Pacific groups.

Eyes naked and without lashes ; proboscis fully developed ;
palpi upturned, reaching vertex of head, and smoothly scaled;
antennae simple in male ; thorax and abdomen smoothly scaled and
without tufts ; tibiffl without spines. Eore wing with the cilia
non-crenulate.

Sect. I. (ClinojMebia). Fore wing of male quadi-ate, the costa
somewhat excised, the costal neuration slightly distorted.

1957. Leocyma sericea, Smpsn. III. Set. ix, p. 92, pi. 161, fig. 7.
Chasmina dianse, C. S. no. 1783 {nec Guen.).

<S . Pure shining white ; the palpi and antennse ochreous ; foj-e

Fig. 158.— Leocyma sericea, c?. \.

tibiae and tarsi orange spotted with black; mid tibiae orange
above. °
Hah. Ceylon. Exp. 40 milhm.

Sect. 11. {Leocyma). Fore wing of normal shape, with
the costal neuration not distorted.

1958. Leocyma cygnus, Wlk. Cat. Lx, p. 147; Butl. HI. Het. vi,

pl. 110, fig. 3 ; C.S^S. no. 1782.

Pure shining white ; frons, palpi, and antennae ochreous.
Hah. Throughout India. Exp. 36-44 millim.

1959. Leocyma judicata, Wlk. Cat. xv, p. 1760 ; C. ^ S. no. 1838.
Ohasmina linea, Hmpsn. III. Het. viii, p. 73, pl. 145, fig. 3.

6. Differs from cycjnus in the palpi and frons being white;
tarsi spotted with black. Fore wing with three black specks on
the costa; a sKghtly curved postmedial fuscous line; some
submarginal black scales.

Hob. " N. India " ; Mlgiris. Exp. 28 millim.

960. Leocyma biplaga, Wlk. Cat. xii, p. 795.
Acontia bimacula, Wlk. Cat. xii, p. 796.

Chasmina stigmata, Hmpsn. III. Het. viii, p. 73, pl. 145, fig. 10.

cJ . Difi'ers from cygnus in the palpi and frons being white
TOL. II. ^ " *

290

NOOTDIDiE.

Fore wing with a patch on the costa before the apex which is
prominent and black in the Chinese and Sikhim form, indistinct
and brownish in stigmata from the Nilgiris ; traces of post-
medial and submarginal lines ; a few submarginal black scales
towards the apex ; some specimens have three black specks on the
costa.

Hab. N. China; Sikhim; Nilgiris. 30 millim.

Sect. III. Fore wing narrower and more produced at apex.

1961. Leocyma maculata, n. sp.

5 . Head and thorax brownish white ; palpi black at sides ;
abdomen fuscous except at base. Fore wing brownish white;
indistinct double ante- and postmedial and single medial waved
lines ; the orbicular a fawn-coloured speck with white outline ; a
large fawn-coloured, somewhat irregular patch with white outline
in and beyond the end of cell ; a black speck at apex, another
subapical and a marginal series increasing in size towards outer
angle. Hind wing semihyaline white ; the inner area clothed with
fuscous hair ; traces of a cell-spot and postmedial line ; a marginal
series of black specks.

Hab. E. Pegu, 5000 feet (Doherty). Exp. 32 millim. Type in

coll. Elwes.

Genus APSARASA.
Apsarasa, Moore, P. Z. S. 1867, p. 665.

Type, A. radians, Westw.

Banqe. Sikhim ; Assam ; Andamans.

Eyes naked and without lashes; proboscis fully developed;
palpi upturned, reaching vertex of head, the second joint smoothly
scaled and thickened; antennas simple; thorax and abdomen
without tufts ; tibiffi without spines. Fore wmg with the cilia not
crenulate, the apex rounded, the ixiner margin lobed and forming
with the outer margin an almost continuous curve.

1962 Ausarasa radians, Westio. Cab. Or. Ent. p. 58, pi. 28, fig- 4.

ApsLsa figm-ata, Moore, P. Z. S. 1877, p. 604 ; C. ^- S. no. 1781.

J , Head and thorax blue-black ;
a pale yellow patch on vertex
of head and five yellow bars on
the thorax ; abdomen black, with
yellow dorsal specks on the
proximal segments, the anal tuft
yellow. Fore wing blue-black,
with pale yellow subtriangular
pjg 159. patches set all round the costal,

Apsarasa radians, $ . [■ outer, and inner margins ; some

small yellow spots in the cell and blue-grey spots beyond it. Hind

ACONTIINjE.

291

wing black with the outer area white, its inner edge irregular and
the black area projecting into it at apex and anal angle.

2 with the anal tuft black ; hind wing with the white on outer
area much reduced.

The form j^temia from the Andamans has the markings o£ the
fore wing almost white and a small yellow spot on second joint of
palpi.

Hob. Sikhim ; Assam ; Andamans. Exp. 50 millim.

Subfamily ACONTIIN^..

Eyes naked and without lashes ; proboscis f uUy developed ;
tibiae without spines. Hind wing with vein 5 slender, but stronger
than in the Tri/^wce, depressed at origin, the outer margin not
produced at its termination.

Almost all the species are of small size and Kve amongst low
herbage.

Larvce usually with the four pairs of abdominal prolegs fully
developed, but sometimes with but three or two pairs.

Key to the Genera.

A. Abdomen with dorsal tufts.

a. Fore wing with vein 8 given off from

7 and anastomosing with 9 to form an
ai-eole.

a'. Metathorax with pahed tufts 1. Diphtheba, p. 293.

6'. Metathorax with a sharp crest 2. Pebciana, p. 295.

c'. Metathorax without tufts.

a^. Hind wing with veins 3 and 4
from cell.
a^ Fore wing with the apex rect-
angular.

a''. Abdomen longer than the hind

wmg ; the legs hau-y 3. Bbtophila, p. 296.

0*. Abdomen shorter than the

hind wing ; the legs smooth . 4. Ebasteia, p. 300.
b'. tore wmg with the apex acute . 25. Zagiea, p. 344.
6'. Hmd wing with veins 8 and 4

stalked 6. Hyelopsis, p. 304.

b. Fore wmg with veins 7, 8, 9 stalked . . 7. Toxophleps, p. 306

c. Fore wing with vems 7, 8, 9, 10 stalked . 5. Eeastbioides, p. 303.
±5. Abdomen without dorsal tufts.

a. Fore wing with vein 8 given off from 7
and anatomosing with 9 to form the
areole.

a'. Frons with a trilobate corneous

V'^o^ 10. Meqalodes, p. 309.

ET 2

292

NOCTUIDiE.

b'. Fi'ons witliout a trilobate process,
ff^. Palpi upturned.

a'. Fore wiug short and broad,
a'. Hind wing with veins 3 and 4
staUced.
Fore wing with the apex

rectangular 8. IIyela, p. 307.

h^. Fore wing with the apex

rounded , 27. Obuza, p. 348.

6''. Hind wing with veins 3 and 4
from cell or on a very short
stalk.

a'. Palpi short, not reaching
above vertex of head.
a^. Fore wing with the cilia
non-crenulate, the outer

margin evenly curved . . 12. Xanthopteba, p. 316.

If. Fore wing with the cilia
crenulate, the outer
margin oblique towards

outer angle 13. Cosmia, p. 321.

b^. Palpi long and reaching
above vertex of head.
a^. Fore wing of nearly even
width throughout, the

apex rounded 16. Swinhoea, p. 324.

b^. Fore wing triangular,
the apex nearly rect-
angular 15. Mabimatha, p. 324.

b^. Fore wing more produced and

acute at apex 9. Micabdia, p. 309.

6". Palpi porrect ; frons with a rounded

corneous projection 11. Taeachp, p. 310.

c". Palpi porrect and triangularly

scaled 26. Cobgatha, p. 347.

b. Fore wing with veins 7, 8 and 9, 10

stalked 14. Acontia, p. 322.

c. Fore wing with veins 8, 9, 10 stalked.
a'. Fore wing with vein 6 present.

a^. Fore wing with the outer margin
somewhat erect, rarely excised
below the apex, which is rect-
angular 17. METACHBOSTIS,p.325.

J*. Fore wing with the outer margin
obliquely curved, the apex pro-
duced to a slight point or lobed. . 23. Eublemma, p. 338.
b'. Fore wing with vein 6 absent 21. Cingalesa, p. 336.

d. Fore wing with veins 7, 8, 9 stalked.

a'. Fore wing with veins 10 and 11 from
cell.

d\ Hind wing with the costa excised . 24. Tboctopteea, p. 344.
6^. Hind wing with the costa not
excised.

a'. No frontal tuft; the palpi up-
turned 18. Nabanoa, p. 333.

6'. A sharp frontal tuft; the palpi

porrect 19- Rivula, p. 334.

DIPHTHEEA.

293

b'. Fore -win^ witli reins 10 and 11

stalked 20. Tathodblta, p. 336.

e. Fore wing with veins 7, 8, 9, 10 stalked.
a. Hind wing with veins 3 and 4
from cell.

a^. Palpi not reaching vertex of head . 22. Pachylepis, p. 337.
b'^. Palpi reaching far above vertex of [p. 351.

head 28. Psetjdacidaxia,

b' . Hind wing with veins 3 and 4
stalked ; palpi slender, oblique, and

hai'dly reaching vertex of head .... 29. Micb^schtjs, p. 351.

Genus DIPHTHEEA.

Diphtera, Ochs. Eur. Schmett. iv, p. 63 (1816).
Canna, Wlk. Cat. xxxiii, p. 790 (1865).

Type, D. orion, Lirm., from Europe.

Mange. Nearctic and Palsearctic Regions ; Himalayas; Naga Hills.

Palpi obliquely porrect, the second joint clothed with long hair,
the third short ; antennae minutely ciliated ; thorax without a tuft
behind the collar ; the metathoracic tufts large ; abdomen dorsally
tufted.

Larvce with tufts of hair and forming a cocoon ; 4 pairs of
abdominal prolegs.

Sect. I. (Canna). Patagia produced to long upturned tufts ;
abdomen with one large dorsal tuft.

1963. Diphthera pulchripicta, Wlk. Cat. xxxiii, p. 790 ; Moore,
P. Z. S. 1867, pi. 6, fig. 10 ; C. ^ S. no. 1820.

Head and collar brilliant malachite-green ; thorax ochreous, with
the patagia and metathoracic tufts chestnut ; abdomen ochreous
white, the dorsal tuft pale. Fore wing malachite-green ; a
subbasal chestnut line conjoined to a fascia along inner margin as
far as the obhquely angled medial band, these chestnut markings

Fig. 160. — Diphthera ■pulchripicta, (J . \.

being bordered by white lines ; a darker shade from apex to angle
of medial band ; a marginal chestnut band whitish towards apex
and indented at centre and outer angle. Hind wing ochreous
white, with some fuscous submarginal suffusion towai-ds apex.
Hah. Sikhim. Exp. 36 millim.

294

NOCTTJID^.

1964. Diphthera malachitis, Ohm-th. Et. Ent. v, p. 80, pi. iii, fig. 9.
Cauna splendens, Moore, P. Z. S. 1888, p. 412 ; JJutl. III. Ret. vii,

p. 59, pi. 128, fig. 4.

Differs from pulcliri^ncta in the white subbasal line of fore wing
having green inside it instead of chestnut ; a black and white
lunule on base of inner margin ; the fascia on inner margin not
extending to base ; no chestnut marginal band ; the apical part of
margin whitish, with a black white-centred spot at its lower ex-
tremity ; a white patch with black white-centi'ed spot on it above
outer angle. Hind wing with a diffused submargiual fu.scous baud.

Hab. Askold Island, near Vladivostok ; Dharmsala ; Sikhim.
Exp. 40 millim.

1965. Diphthera prasinaria, WlJc. Cat. xxxii, p. 615 ; C. i^- S. no. 1763.

Head and thorax emerald-green; palpi black tipped with white,
thoracic tufts black-tipped ; abdomen white tinged with fuscous,
the dorsal tuft black. Tore wing emerald-green ; a blnck suffused
basal patch with irregularly waved black and white edge ; a broad
medial black suffused band with very irregularly m aved black and
white edges ; the reniform represented by a diffused white patch ;
an irregularly waved submargiual white line with some black ou
its inner edge ; some black specks on costa towards apex ; a black
spot on outer margin below apex ; a series of marginal black
specks. Hind wing white ; a fuscous band from apex to vein 3 ;
the ciha green. Underside whitish, with prominent black bands
from costa near apex to vein 3 on each wing.

Hah. Sikhim. Exp. 38 milHm.

Sect. 11. (Biphthera). Patagia not produced ; abdomen with small
dorsal tufts on proximal segments.

1966. Diphthera vigens, Wlk. Cat. xxxii, p. 616 ; C. S,- S. no. 1764.

Head and thorax deep emerald-green; palpi black; thoracic
tufts black-tipped ; abdomen ochreous suffused with black. Pore
wing deep emerald-green, with a black striga from costa near base ;
a streak below median nervure ; an antemedial n-regularly waved
black white-edged hue ; orbicular and reuiform defined by black
lines and incomplete above and below ; a black band betiveen them
from costa to median nervure; claviform represented by a M'hite
streak with black specks at each end of it ; a postmedial very
irregularly waved black white-edged line \vith a broad black shade
beyond it ; some black specks on costa towards apex ; a series ot
marginal specks. Hind whig pale green, with an indistinct
irreeularly waved postmechal Hue and diffused fuscous submargnia
band. Underside green, with diffused medial and submargiual
• black bands from costa of each wing to vein 4 ; hmd wing with a
postmedial line.

Hab.^ Kulu ; Sikhim ; Nagas. Exp. 40 mdlim.

DIPHTHHEA. — PEECIAITA.

295

1967. Diphthera pallida, Moore, P. Z. S. 1867, p. 46, pi. 6, fig. 6 ;

C. ^- S. no. 1762.

Diphtera fasciata, Moore, P. Z. S. 1888, p. 408 ; JButl. HI. Bet. Vii,
pi. 122, fig. 1.

Differs from vigens in being pale silvery green. Eore wing
with the black spot beyond the white clavifortn streak large ; the
shade beyond the postmedial line slight : the series of specks
submarginal instead of marginal ; cilia chequered black and green.
Hind wing greenish white, with traces of a cell-spot. Underside
greenish white, with two short black bands from costa of fore wing
and one raedial short band from costa of hind wing.

The form fasciata has the basal markings of fore wing almost
obsolete ; the antemedial line obsolescent except the recurved
portion on inner margin ; the orbicular, reniform, and claviform
obsolete ; the postmedial line much less prominent with no
submarginal specks beyond it ; cilia only tipped with black at
emarginations.

Hab. Dharmsala ; Sikhim. E.vjj. 46 millim.

1968. Diphthera discihnmiiea, Moore, P. Z. S. 1867, p. 46, pi. 6, fig. 14;

C. ^ S. no. 1760.

Head and thorax bright green slightly tinged with black ; palpi
black at sides ; abdomen very pale fuscous. Tore wing bright
green, with a subbasal black line expanding into a large patch
below median nervure ; some detached black spots representing the
antemedial line ; orbicular and reniform almost obsolete, with a
blackish band between them from costa to median nervure ; a short
broad blackish band on outer edge of reniform ; a broad blackish
waved postmedial band ; a series of blackish marginal lunules.
Hind wing fuscous white, with indistinct postmedial waved line
and broad diffused fuscous submarginal band. Underside with
postmedial Une and diffused submarginal band to both wings ;
hind wing with a cell-spot.

Hab. Sikhim ; Nagas. E-vj?., d 36, $ 42 millim.

Genus PERCIANA.

Perciana, WlJc. Cat. xxxiii, p. 812 (186.5).

Type P. marmorea, Wlk.

Range. Punjab ; Sikhim ; J\Ianipur.

Palpi obliquely upturned, the 2nd joint reaching vertex of head,
the 3rd long and naked ; antennaa with fascicles of cilia in male ;
a sharp crest on metathorax ; the patagia with long upturned
scales from their ends ; abdomen with a very long dorsal tuft on
.2nd segment and small tuft on 3rd; a flattened anal tuft; tibiis
moderately hairy. Pore wing with the apex nearly rectangular,
the outer margin angled at centre ; veins 8 and 9 anastomosing to
form the areole. Hind wing with veins 3, 4 and 6, 7 from cell.

296

1969. Perciana marmorea, Wlk. Cat. xxxiii, p. 813 ; C. ^ S. no. 2223.

Brownish ochreous ; vertex o£ head white; collar fringed mth
black; abdomen with the dorsal tuEts black. Fore wing marbled
with white, brown, and black ; a short basal black line ; black
subbasal and medial patches on inner margin ; the costa speckled

with black ; a white black-ringed spot in cell and speck at end of it ;
traces of a waved postmedial line with diffused white beyond it on
costal and inner areas; traces of a sinuous submarginal black
band with some white on it. Hind wing whitish ; the outer area
suffused with fuscous ; a black mark above anal angle.
Eab. Punjab ; Sikhun. Exp., c? 34, 5 42 millim.

1970. Perciana flavifusa, n. sp.

cJ . Head reddish brown ; thorax and abdomen grey and fuscous.
Fore wing grey, slightly irrorated with black ; the basal area
suffused with pale yellow, the outer with brown; the orbicular
minute, the renif orm large with a line from it to inner margin ;
traces of a dentate submarginal hne. Hind wing pale fuscous.

Eab. Manipur, 6000 feet (Doherty). Exp. 28 millim. Type in
coU. Blwes.

1971. Perciana viridinotata, n, sp.

^ . Head green, the palpi brown ; thorax brown and ochreous ;
abdomen pale, the dorsal tufts green. Fore wing dark red-brown ;
a short subbasal bright green Hne ; the orbicular and reniform with.
bright green outlines and patches above them on costa ; a large
green patch on central inner area crossed by a short lunulate white
line ; a green spot on costa before apex and another at centre of
outer margin ; a series of white specks on costa. Hind wing
pale brownish. Underside with cell-spot and curved postmedial

^^%ab. Sikhim, 7000 feet {Mdller). Exp. 30 millim. Type in
coll. Elwes.

Bryophila, Treitschke, Eur. Sclimett. v, pt. 1, p. 57 (1825).

Type B. muralis, Forst., from Europe.
Itange. Nearctic and Palsearctic regions ; Hunalayas ;
NUgiris ; Ceylon and Burma.

Fig. 161.- — Perciana marmorea, cJ.

T-

Genus BEYOPHILA.

BIlTOPHIIiA.

297

Palpi slender and upturned, the third joiut reaching above
vertex of head ; antennit minutely ciliated ; thorax with slight
tufts behind collar ; abdomen with slight dorsal tufts, and longer
than the hind wing ; legs hairy.

Larvce with foui* pairs of abdominal prolegs.

1972. BryopMla literata, Moore, P. Z. S. 1881, p. 331 ; C. Sr S.

no. 1775.

Head and thorax white, irrorated with black scales ; abdomen
fuscous white, the dorsal tufts black. Fore wing white suffused
with black ; a waved blackish subbasal band edged by black lines ;

a broad medial blackish baud
narrowing to inner margin, the
double waved antemedial black
and white line forming its inner
edge; the stigmata indistinct,
with a pale round spot between
the orbicular and reniform ; the
Fig. 162. waved double black and white

BryopUla literata, . \. postmedial line excurved beyond

the cell; a submarginal waved
line with diffused black on its inner edge ; cilia chequered white
and fuscous. Hind wing fuscous, with indistinct cell-spot and
postmedial line ; cilia white, spotted with fuscous.
Hah. N.W. Himalayas. Exp., S 32, 2 36 millim.

1973. BryopMla modesta, Moore, P. Z. S. 1881, p. 3.32 ; C. 8f S.

no. 1777.

5 . Differs from literata in being wholly suffused with dirty
ochreous brown. Fore wing with the markings fuscous and
indistinct; the ante- and postmedial lines dentate. Hind wing
fuscous brown ; underside with the postmedial line almost obsolete.

Hub. Simla. Exp. 30 millim.

1 974. BryopMla virescens, n. sp.

S . Differs from literata in the ground-colour of the thorax and
fore wing being pale blue-green ; a black streak between the sub-
basal and antemedial lines below median nervure ; a prominent
submarginal series of irregularly placed black marks.

Hab. Dalhousie {Harford). Exp. 26 millim. Type in B. M.

1975. BryopMla liclienea, Kmpsn. III. Het. viii, p. 72, pi. 144, fig. 12.

Differs from literata in the head, thorax, and fore wing being
evenly suffused with fuscous ; hind wing with the cilia wholly
white; the broken band on underside submarginal instead of
postmedial.

Hab. Nilgiri plateau. Exp. 30 millim.

298

NOCTTJIDJE.

1976. Bryophila nilgiria, Moore, P. z. S. 1881, p. 332; C. <§• S.

no. 1778.

Head white; thorax and abdomen white suffused with fuscous.
Pore wing white, more or less suifused with black ; subbasal and
antemedial waved black lines, in some specimens with blackish
marks betweeia them ; the orbicular a prominent black-ringed
white speck ; reniform with indistinct outline ; claviform a curved
line ; the area round the stigmata sometimes suffused with black ;
a postmedial waved line highly excurved beyond cell and with
some more or less proininent diffused marks beyond it ; some
black spots on costa. Hind wing suffused with black; cilia of
both wings chequered black and -white. Underside of fore wing
black, with a white postmedial mark on costa ; hind wiug white,
witb black postmedial line.

JIab. Nilgiri plateau. JKcp. 34 miUim.

1977. Bryophila muscosa, Hm^ysn. III. mt. viii. p. 72, pi. 144,

fig-. 15.

9 . Differs from nilc/iria in the vertex of head being black ;
the thorax and fore wing slightly suffused with olive-green ; the
subbasal and antemedial bnes replaced by ill-defined black patches ;
orbicular and reniform prominent, the latter with black centre;
claviform a prominent black-ringed white spot; the postmedial
line obsolescent ; a prominent diffused and broken subraarginal
band ; cilia less prominently chequered, those of hind wing fuscous.
Underside of both wings black with irregular patches ol: white.

Bab. Nilgiri lower slopes. E^vp. 38 millim.

1978. Bryophila postoclirea, Hmpsn. III. Met. ix, p. 95, pi. 161, fig. 8.

5 . Head white ; palpi black at sides ; thorax white, with black
markings ; abdomen ochreous fuscous. Eore wing white, with
some black markings at base ; a black band from costa to median
nervure ; a waved antemedial line ; orbicular and reniform white
with black outline, the latter formed like the letter E ; a very
broad blackish postmedial band extending on inner margin to the
antemedial line ; a double lunulate submargiual line ; a prominent
black mark above outer angle and less prominent marks towards
apex. Hind wing ochreous suffused with fuscous ; a blackish
postmedial line and broad marginal band ; cilia white. Underside
gi-ey suffused with fuscous ; fore wing with medial black spot on
costa and postmedial hue ; hind wing with cell-spot and postmedial
line.

Hab. Trincomali, Ceylon. Exp. 28 millim.

1979. Bryophila nadgani, Smpsn. III. Het. viii, p. 87, pi. 146, fig. 6.
Eed-brown ; abdomen with the dorsal tufts black. Fore wing

BBTOPHILA.

299

with oblique black subbasal and ant-emedial lines, the area between
the base and the latter shaded with fuscous ; the orbicular and
reniform large and indistinct, the latter with dark centre to lower
part ; a dark patch on costa above them ; a waved postmedial
Kne highly excurved beyond cell, the area beyond it suffused
with fuscous ; an indistinct lunulate submarginal line with pale
patches on it, a lunulate mai'ginal line. Hind wing fuscous brown.
Underside of fore wing fuscous, the costal and outer margins
greyish, with medial and postmedial marks on costa. Hind wing
greyish, with cell-spot and lunulate postmedial and marginal line.

The form from the N.W. Himalayas is rather darker ; one
specimen has a white patch below the stigmata of fore wing.

Hab. ]Sr.W. Himalayas; Nilgiris,^ westei-n slopes. Exj). 22-
28 millim.

*1980. Bryophila? albistigma, Moore, P. Z. S. 1867, p. 45; C. ^ S.
no. 1774.

Grey-green. Fore wing with traces of pale-edged undulating
lines ; the medial area darker, with the orbicular represented by a
white speck, the reniform by two ; a white patch beyond the cell ;
submarginal and marginal series of white spots, the last centred by
dark specks. Hind wing pale pinkish brown, with sinuous post-
medial line and diffused submarginal band.

Eab. " Bengal." Exp. 30 millim.

1981. Bryophila khasiana, n. sp.

Differs from nadgani in being paler and more ochreous brown :
the anal tuft ochreous. I'ore wing moreA'ariegated with olive and
dark brown shades, with the antemedial waved line more erect ; a
dark patch below the stigmata ; the postmedial line less excurved
and indistinct, with some white beyond it near inner margin ; outer
margin with a black speck above outer angle. Hind wing paler
fuscous.

Hah. Khasis (Ehves). Exp. 34 millim. Type in coll. Elwes.

1982. Bryopliila albipuncta, n. sp.

§ . Head and thorax pale red-brown ; abdomen darker. Fore
wing dark red-brown, suffused with paler red, especially on basal
and medial costal areas ; the transverse lines obscure ; the ante-
medial erect and sinuous ; the orbicular and reniform rufous and
indistinct; claviform black; a series of minute white specks on
the veins beyond the postmedial line, most prominent towards
inner margin. Hind wing fuscous ; underside with large black
cell-spot and highly irregularly sinuous postmedial line.

Hab. Sikhim (Mdller). Exp. 28 millim. Type in coll. Elwes.

300

NOCTITIDjE.

1983. Bryophila pallidisca, Mom-e, P. Z. 8. 1881, p. 372, pi. 37, fig. 14 ;

0. S. no. 1802. ^ ^ ^

Erastria albiorbis, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 141 ; C. <§■ S. no. 1795.
Erastria fusca, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 141 ; C. S,- S. no. 1797.
Erastria nubila, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 142 ; C. ^ S. no. 1801.

Eed-brown. Pore wing with subbasal, antemedial, postmedial,
and submarginal irregularly waved, dark lines, with fuscous
suffusion before the antemedial and beyond the postmedial Una ;
orbicular and reniform large. Hind wing white, with sUght fuscous
suffusion on outer margin.

The typical form has large white patches on orbicular and lower
part of reniform.

Bab. Sikhim. Exjp. 30 millim.

1984. Bryophila glaucescens, £utl. HI. Set. vii, p. 81, pi. 133, fig. 4.
Anophia undara, Swinh. Trans. Ent. Soc. 1890, p. 234.

Dark purple-grey variegated with black. Yor6 wing with double
subbasal, antemedial, and postmedial waved black lines ; the
medial area dark, with a small orbicular spot and large reniform
with orange spot on it ; an irregularly dentate submarginal hue
and marginal crenulate line. Hind wing dark fuscous.

Hab. Dharmsala ; Rangoon. Exp. 24 millim.

1985. Bryophila glaucostigma, n. sp.

. Palpi black at sides ; head and thorax reddish brown ;
abdomen fuscous. Pore wing fuscous brown ; the subbasal waved
Une with a pale and dark patch beyond it below median nervure ;
the antemedial line approaching the postmedial below the ceU;
the orbicular and reniform pale ; the submarginal line pale, with
irregular dark dashes before it ; a series of marginal black specks ;
cilia intersected by pale streaks. Hind wing pale, suffused with
fuscous towards outer margin. Underside pale ; both wings with
crenulate postmedial line ; hind wing with cell-spot.

Hab. E. Pegu, 5000 feet (Doherty). Exp. 34 millim. Type in
coll. Elwes.

Genus ERASTRIA.

Erastria, Ocks. Em: Schmett. iv, p. 92 (1816).
Motama, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 110 (1882).

Type, E. fasciana. Linn., from Europe.

BaiKje. Nearctic and Paliearctic regions ; China ; Himalayas ;
Assam Hills ; Ceylon ; Java.

Palpi upturned, reacliing above vertex of head, the 2nd joint
clothed with long hair below, the 3rd pi-ouiinent ; antenuaj
minutely ciUated in male ; thorax roughly scaled but without tufts ;
abdomen with strong dorsal tufts, and siiorter than the hind wmg.

BRASTBIA. 30.1

Fore wing with the areola long and narrow. Hind wing with
veins 3 and 4 from cell. Legs naked.

LarvcB with four pairs of abdominal prolegs.

1986. Erastria stygia, Butl. Bl. Het. iii, p. 20, pi. 46, fig. 2.

Black-brown ; head, thorax, and fore wing irrorated with grey
scales ; the last with indistinct subbasal and antemedial waved
lines ; the orbicular barely traceable ; the renif orm more prominent
and with white outline ; the postmedial curved and waved line
indistinct from the costa to vein 2, thence white and prominent to
inner margin ; the submarginal irregularly waved line indistinct
and with white scales on it in places ; a marginal series of black
spots slightly defined by white ; cilia with white streaks on them
below apex. Hind wing pale fuscous ; the cilia whitish at tips ;
underside with cell-spot and waved postmedial line.

Hah. Japan ; Nagas ; Ceylon. Exp. 22-28 millim.

1987. Erastria larentiformis.

Erastria cidaa-ioides, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 142 ; C. ^ S. no. 1796
(praeocc).

Differs from stygia in being browner; the orbicular more
prominent ; the reniform with dark outline ; the postmedial line
more irregularly excurved and ochreous fi-om the costa to vein 7,

Fig. 163. — Erastria larenfiformis, . j-.

thence white to inner margin ; the whole of the outer area white
except the apical area ; a black subapical mark and a spot on
centre of outer area.

Bab. Sikhim. Exp. 28 millim.

1988. Erastria aurata, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 110, pi. 4, fig. 10 ; C.^S.
DO. 2064.

Head, thorax, and abdomen clothed with pale red-brown and
fuscous scales. _ Fore wing golden green, with waved subbasal,
antemedial, indistinct medial, and postmechal lines ; the orbicular
and reniform with whitish outhnes and a black patch between them
extending upwards to the costa ; a grey patch on inner margin
between the antemedial and medial lines ; some dark suffusion on
apical part of outer area ; an irregularly sinuous submarginal line ;
a marginal series of white specks. Hind wing pale ; the inner

302

NOCTUID^E.

and outer areas suffused with fuscous ; underside with speck at
end of cell and dentate postmedial line ; cilia of both wings pinkish.
Hah. Sikhim. Exp. 30 millim.

*1989. Erastria cidarioides, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 110, pi. 4, fig. 9 ;
C. 4- S. no. 2065.

Differs from larentiformis in the basal area of the fore wing
being golden y ellow to beyond the antemedial line ; the reniform
and ground-colour of outer area golden yellow.

Hah. Sikhim. Exp. 28 millim.

*1990. Erastria ? decorata, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 110, pi. 4, fig. 11 ;
C. Sf S. no. 2066.

(S . Golden brown ; thorax irrorated with grey ; palpi and legs
blackish with pale bands. Eore wiug with grey specks on the costa
and veins ; the orbicular, reniform, and a postmedial band golden
yellow, the last with sinuous dark outer edge ; a yellowish sub-
marginal line; a blackish patch in cell between the stigmata.
Abdomen and hind wing dark fuscous.

Hah. Sildiim. Exp. 32 millim.

1991. Erastria glaucopis, u. sp.

Head and collar pale reddish ; thorax and abdomen grey. Eore
wing with the basal area reddish ; the medial area fuscous, defined
by waved ante- and postmedial lines, the latter excurved round the
large grey reniform spot ; the outer area grey, with a rufous patch
on apical part of costa and black spot at centre of margin. Hind
wing fuscous ; underside with cell-spot, crenulate postmedial line,
and marginal series of specks.

Hah. Sikhim (MoUer). Exp. 24 millim. Type in coll. Elwes.

*1992. Erastria? marginata, Moore, P. Z. S. 1881, p. 372, pi. 37,
fig. 21 ; C. ^ S. no. 1800.

Head and thorax pale ferruginous ; abdomen pale fuscous.
Fore wing greyish ferruginous, with a pale ferruginous band on
inner margin joined by a submarginal band from below the apex
with some whitish beyond it : the orbicular and reniform spots
pale fuscous.

Hah. Sikhim. E.vp. 32 millim.

1993. Erastria melanostigma, u. sp.

cJ. Head and thorax yellowish white suffused with rufous;
abdomen pale fuscous, the dorsal tufts black. Fore \idng whitish ;
a rufous patch on inner area before the middle ; a large quadrate
black patch occupying. the inner medial area; the orbicular and
reniform represented by black specks with silverj-'-grey scales round

EEASTMA. EHASTltOIDES.

303

them, and with a rufous patch between them; a postmedial
HTegularly waved white line, the area between it and the indistinct
irregular submarginal line fuscous on costal two-thirds, rufous
towards inner margin. Hind wing fuscous ; underside with cell-
spot a7id postmedial line.

Hab. Khasis (Eliues) ; Java. Exp. 22 millim. Type in B.M.

Genus ERASTROIDES.

Erastroides, Hmpsn. III. Set. ix, p. 98 (1893).

Type, K oliviaria, Hmpsn.
Range. Granjam ; Nilgii'is ; Ceylon.

Differs from Erastria in the fore wing having veins 7, 8, 9, 10
stalked, there being no areole.

1994. Erastroides curvifascia, Smpsn. III. Set. viii, p. 76, pi. 145,

fig. 23.

(5 . Dull fuscous brown. Fore wing with indistinct, double sub-
basal and antemedial waved lines ; reniform with white and black
outline ; the postmedial double line regular, excurved from the sub-
costal to vein 2 and with a large white patch on and beyond it at
inner margin ; a very indistinct irregularly waved submarginal line.
Hind wing dark fuscous. Underside ochreous, irrorated with
black ; a cell-spot and indistinct waved postmedial line.

Hab. Ganjam, Nilgiris. Exp. 24 millim.

1995. Erastroides oliviaria, Hmpsn. El. Set. ix, p. 99, pi. 162, fig. 23

6 . Head, thorax, and abdomen olive-green. Fore wing whitish,
much suffused with ohve-green : indistinct double M'aved subbasal
and antemedial Knes ; a dark patch between the almost obsolete
orbicular and reniform stigmata ; a slightly waved and much

Pig. 164. — Erastroides oliviaria, cJ. j.

excurved postmedial line, with a black spot beyond it near inner
margin ; a white patch on outer margm below apex ; a maro-inal
series of specks. Hind wing pale fuscous, with a marginal lunulate
Une._ ITnderside with black cell-spot and indistinct waved post-
medial line. '■
Hab. Ceylon. Exp. 22 millim.

304

NOCTUIB-i;.

Genua HYELOPSIS, nov.

Type, H. vialis, Moore.

Rancje. Japau ; China ; throughout India, Ceylou, and Burma ;
Penang ; Australia.

Differs from Erastria in the fore wing heing narrower ; the hind
wing with veins 3 and 4 stalked.

Sect. I. Antennae of male minutely ciliated.
1996. Hyelopsis vialis, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 135 ; C. ^ S. no. 1851.

cj . Head, thorax, and abdomen ochreous white, the last with
two dorsal black tufts. Yore wing with the basal and costal areas
ochreous white, with a slight fuscous tinge ; the outer area, which
extends from the apex to centre of inner margin, dark purplish
fuscous and crossed by the irregularly-waved whitish postmedial
line, which becomes pure white towards inner margin ; a diffused
dark somewhat dentate submarginal Une ; a marginal series of
short dark strigsB. Hind wing pale fuscous. Underside: fore wing
fuscous, the costal and outer areas pinkish ochreous ; hmd wing
pinkish ochreous, with cell-spot and curved postmedial line.

Kg. 165. — Hyelopsis vialis, cJ . \.

5 . Shghtly more suffused with fuscous. Eore wing with the
outer area pinkish fuscous in tone ; two prominent white lunules
on the postmedial line above inner margin. Hind wing dark fuscous;
the outer margin and cilia ochreous.

ffab. Dharmsala; Sikhim ; Nilgiris. Exjp., c? 20, ? 22 miUun.

1997. Hyelopsis signifera, Wlk. Cat. xii, p. 793 ; Moore, Lep. Ceyl.
iii, pi. 150, fig. 4; C.S^S. no. 1865.
Acontia subfixa, TVlk. Cat. xxxv, p. 1964.

Head, thorax, and abdomen white tinged with brown. Fore
wing with the basal half white, irrorated with a few bvov.n scales,
some brown costal marks and a black subbasal speck ; the outer
half brown ; the reniform white, with two black specks on it and
a black spot beyond it ; postmedial white patches on the costal
and inner areas, traversed by the postmedial line, which is excurved
round end of cell ; outer area with the veins and marginal line
rufous : an indistinct waved submarginal white luie with some
black streaks before it. Hind wing white tinged with fuscous.
Underside with cell-spot and waved postmedial line.

Hah. Japan ; China ; throughout India, Ceylon, and Burma ;
Andamans; Penang; AustraUa. Exii. 18 millim.

HYBLOPSIS.

305

1998. Hyelopsis renalis, Moore, Lep. Ath. p. 142 ; C. Sf -S. no. 1859.

Head, thorax, and abdomen whitish, slightly suffused with reddish
ochreous. Fore wing yellowish brown; tlie basal area whitish,
with indistinct black streaks on it, and bounded by an oblique
white and black line ; the renitorm fuscous, with a white outline
in the form of a figure of 8 ; a white and black postmedial line
angled below the costa and incurved towards inner margin ; the
area beyond it whitish, with the veins from end of cell streaked
with black and with diffused black dashes in the interspaces. Hind
wing pale fuscous ; cilia with a dark line through them. Claspers
very large in male.

Hah. Dharmsala; Calcutta; Ceylon; Tenasserim. Exp. 20
millim.

1999. Hyelopsis latlVltta, Moore, P. Z. S. 1881, p. .373 ; id. Lep. Ceyl.

m,pl.l50, fig. 9; C. no. 1907.
BanMa basalis, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 143 ; C. 8; S. no. 1855.

Differs from renalis in the area beyond the postmedial line of
fore wing being without the black streaks, and not whitish, except
towards inner margin ; a pale waved submarginal line.

Hah. Shanghai; Sikhim ; Nilgiris ; Ceylon; Borneo. Exp. 20
millim.

2000. Hyelopsis picata, Butl. III. Met. vii, p. 62, pi. 129, fig. 2.
Head and thorax white ; abdomen ochreous. Pore wing with

the basal half white; a black subbasal speck, with a brown^mark
on the costa above it ; outer area yellowish brown, with a slightly
dentate black line on its mner edge ; a white patch from the costa,
includmg the two black specks which represent the reniform ; a
postmedial black line excurved beyond the cell ; outer margin with
a white mark below apex, then some black marks, and a laro-e
triangular white patch at outer angle. Hind whig pale or dark
fuscous.

Hah. Simla ; Dharmsala. Exp. 22 millim.

2001. Hyelopsis baetica, Swinh. Tram. Ent. Soc. 1890, p. 224.

6 ■ Head, thorax, and abdomen ochreous, suffused with fuscous,
iore wing brovymsh ochreous; a subbasal dark patch on the costa;
irregularly undulating obhque ante- and postmedial white and
black lines, the costal area between them fuscous ; the reniform
whitish ; outer area purphsh fuscous. Hind wing fuscous.

Hah. Eangoon. Exp. 12 millim.

Sect. II. Antennae o£ male with long cilia.

2002. Hyelopsis plumbata, Butl. III. Het. vii, p. 61, pi 129 fi<r 4
Manmatba lieda, Sioinh. Tram. Ent. Soc. 1891, p. i47. ' °' "

Head, thorax, and abdomen olive-yellow. Eore wing oliven
yellow ; a fuscous patch on the base of costa ; an obsolescent

VOL. II. ^

306

KOOTUIDiE.

aiitemedial curved double line filled in with purplish, and with a
black spot below median nervure; a slightly waved postmedial
double line filled in with purple and excurved beyond cell, where
it is met by a dark streak from the apex ; the outer margin grey.
Hind wing pale fuscous. Underside with prominent cell-spot and
waved postmedial line.

Hah. N.W. Himalayas ; Nilgiris. Exp. 24 millim.

2003. Hyelopsis frausa, Swinh. P. Z. S. 1886, p. 446 ; C.^S. no. 1874.
Naranga pallida, Hmpsn. III. Het. ix, p. 96, pi. 162, fig. 13.

cJ . Differs from plumhata in being pale brownish ochreous.
Eore wing with white and dark marks on inner margin and costa
representing the antemedial line ; a few dark scales at end of cell ;
the postmedial curved and waved double line almost obsolete and
represented by white and dark lines between vein 2 and inner
margin ; the outer area and cilia pale. Hind wing pale fuscous.

The form pallida from Coylon is pale ochreous, with the markings
of fore wing still more reduced ; the hind wing white.

Hab. Mhow ; Ceylon. Exy. 18 mUHm.

2004. Hyelopsis umbrina, Kmpsn. III. Het. viii, p. 74, pi. 145, fig. 15.

5 . Head and thorax reddish brown ; abdomen fuscous. Pore
wing red-brovra ; traces of a curved antemedial double hne filled
in with pale coloiu- and very much excurved beyond the cell, where
it is produced almost to an angle and met by an oblique dark streak
from the apex. Hind wing fuscous.

Hah. Nilgiris, W. slopes. Exp. 24 millim.

Sect. III. AntennsB of male bipectinate, of female with long ciUa ;
fore wing rather narrower, the outer margin oblique.

2005. Hyelopsis herbaria, Swinh. P. Z. S. 1886, p. 446; C. <§• S.no. 1819.
Ochreous white. Pore wing with some fuscous black spots on

the costa ; a large blotch below end of cell ; traces of a postmedial
series of specks ; some obliquely disposed dark scales from apex ;
outer area slightly suffused with rufous ; outer margin with a few
black scales ; cilia with a blackish patch at centre.

The types are in very bad condition, but the abdomen appears to
have been tufted.

Hab. Mhow. Exp. 18 milKm.

Genus TOXOPHLEPS.

Toxophleps, Hmpsn. III. Het. ix, p. 124 (1893).
Type, T. optiva, Swinh.

Jian(je. N.W. Himalayas ; Ceylon ; Eangoon. , , , ,
Palpi upturned, the 2nd joint reaching vertex of head and

TOXOPHLBPS. — IITELA.

307

roughly scaled, the 3rd short ; autennce minutely ciliated in male ;
thorax smoothly scaled ; abdomen with dorsal tufts on the proximal
segments; tibias naked. Fore wing with the apex nearly rect-
angular ; veins 7, 8, 9 stallied. Hind wing with veins 6, 7 stalked.

Sect. I. Eore wing of male with the subcostal nervure very much
bowed ; vein 10 absent ; 7, 8, 9 displaced.

2006. Toxophleps optiva, Swinh. Tram. Ent. Soc. 1890, p. 224;

Hmpm. III. Het. ix, pi. 167, fig. 26.

Dark greyish fuscous. Fore wing
with waved ante- and postmedial
narrow erect orange bands, with
black edges. Hind wing pale.

Bah. Ceylon ; Eangoon. Exp.
16 miUim.

Fig. 166.
Toxoplileps optiva, ^. \.

Sect. II. Fore wing with the subcostal nervure and veins 7, 8, 9
not distorted in either sex ; vein 10 present.

2007. Toxophleps trilatalis, Wlk. Cat. xxxiv, p. 1237: C. & S

no. 4469. ^ '9

Differs from optiva in the bands of the fore wing being fiery
orange and the base suffused with orange as far as the antemedial
band.

Eab. Simla; Dharmsala. Exp. 16 millim.

Genus HYELA.

Hyela, Steph. Cat. Lep. Brit. B. M. p. 149 (1850)
Bankia, Gum. Noct. ii, p. 231 (1852).

Type, E. uncula, Clerck, from Europe.
Eange. Europe and throughout India ; Burma.
Differs from Hyelopsis in being without the dorsal tufts to
abdomen.

2008. Hyela obliqua, Moore, Lep. Ath. p. 143; C. c^- S. no. 1857.

Head and abdomen ochreous, irrorated with
black scales ; thorax white, banded with dark
cupreous brown. Fore wing with tlie basal
area white, irrorated with dark and pink
scales ; its outer edge obUque, the rest of the
wing dark cupreous brown, with an oblique
white band from the costa just beyond the
middle to outer angle; the costa ochreous.
Hmd wing dark fuscous.
The Burmese form has a brown patch ou the base of costa of

x2

Fig. 167.
Hyela obliqtia, ^.

308

NOCTUIDJE.

fore wing ; the oblique band less regular and traces of postmedial
and submarginal liues.

Hah. Simla; Kashmir; Dharmsala ; Bernardmyo. Exp. 22
millim.

2009. Hyela erecta, Moore, P. Z. S. 1881, p. 373 ; C. 8r S. no. 1856.

Yellowish white ; the palpi rufous. Fore wing with a broad
medial golden-brown erect band, with black edges ; a black speck
at lower angle of cell; the indistinct postmedial white line highly
excurved round end of cell, then joining the medial baud ; the
apical costal area and outer margin rufous. Hind wing pale fuscous.
Underside rufous ; hind wing with cell-spot and curved postmedial
line.

Eab. Mlgiris. Kvp. 26 millim.

2010. Hyela ruptifascia, Hmpsn. III. Het. viii, p. 76, pL 145, fig. 12.

cJ. Head, thorax, and abdomen white; palpi rufous. Tore
wing white ; a broad medial slightly obhque black band ; a black
speck at lower angle of cell ; a sukriaugular black patch on the
costa before apex ; a black spot on centre of outer margin ; cilia
black towards outer angle. Hind wing pale fuscous. Underside
with cell-spot and postmedial hue.

Hah. Nilgiris. Exp. 21 millim.

2011. Hyela quadripartita, Wlk. Cat. xxxiil, p. 786 ; C. 8r S. no. 1846,
Differs from ruptifascia in the head and thorax being marked
with black. Fore wing with the medial band rather broader ; a
triangular black patch on outer margin from apes to outer angle.
Eab. N.W. Himalayas; W. India; Nilgiris. E.vp. 18 millim.

2012. Hyela tegulata, BuH. III. Het. vii, p. 03, pi. 129, fig. 1.
Differs from ruptifascia in having the medial black band of fore

wing broadening to'wards inner margin and conjoined to a large
triangular patch on the outer margin from apex to near outer angle,
which is crossed by a highly excurved postmedial hue. Hiud wmg
ochreous white, more or less suffused with fuscous.
Eab. Dharmsala; Nilgbis. Exp. 20-22 miUim.

2013. Hyela nigrivittata, Warr. P. Z. S. 1888, p. 301.
Ochreous white; the palpi black. Fore wing ^ Ij™'^'^

black band, with white edges occupying the centre of tl^^ wiug
its inner edge waved, its outer irregular and fugled at ve n 3 a
black speck on outer margin above outer angle. Hind mng «itli
an indistinct medial line.

Eab. Campbellpur. Exp., d 22, $ 26 milhm.

MIOABDIA. MEGALODES.

309

Genus MICARDIA.

Micardia, Butl. A. M. N. H. (5) i, p. 81 (1878).

Type, M. argentata, Butl., from Japan.
Range. Japan ; Sikhim.

Palpi upturned, reaching vertex of head, and smoothly scaled ;
antennae minutely ciliated in male. Thorax and abdomen thout
tufts. Fore wing somewhat acute at apex, the outer margin
oblique ; vein 8 anastomosing with 9 to form the areole. Hind
wing with veins 3 and 4 stalked.

2014. Micardia pulcherrima, Moore, P. Z. S. 1867, p. 48, pi. vi, fig. 7 ;
a ^ S. no. 1689.

c? . Head, thorax, and abdomen ochreous. Tore wing ochreous,
the costal and inner areas suffused with pink, the medial area with

fuscous as far as the oblique streak ;
a black antemedial speck above vein 1 ;
a very prominent silvery-white streak
on median nervui-e ; the oblique streak
from apex prominent and edged with
white ; a similar streak from centre
of outer margin ; some pink and white
on vein 2. Hind wing pale, with a
faint cell-spot and oblique postmedial
line ; some black on inner margin
towards anal angle.
Hab. Sikhim. ^a?/). 33 milhm.

Fig. 168.
Micardia pulclierrima, ^ .

Genus MEGALODES.
Megalodes, Guen. Noct. ii, p. 261 (1852).

Type, M. eximia, Herr.-Schaff., from Asia Minor.

Range. Asia Minor ; Kashmir ; Indian Peninsula.

Palpi obliquely upturned ; frons with a trilobate corneous pro-
cess ; antennjB simple ; thorax and abdomen without tufts. Pore
wing with the cilia not crenulate ; vein 8 given off from 7 and
anastomosing with 9 to form the areole.

2015. Megalodes kashmirensis, n. sp.

(S . Head, thorax, and abdomen yel-
lowish white. Fore wing yellowish
grey ; a narrow curved antemedial white
band ; the orbicular and reniform indis-
tinct ; an oblique nearly straight post-
medial and curved narrow submarginal
white band ; an indistinct marginal cre-
nulate white line. Hind wing fuscous,
the cilia whitish.
Hab. Gulmurg, Kashmir {Johnstone). Ex]y. 28 miUim. Type
in coU. Elwes.

Fig. 169. — Megalodes kash-
mirensis, (£. \.

310

NOOTTTIDjE.

2016. Megalodes denticulosa, Wlk. Cat. xxxii, p. 676: C. &■ S.

no. 2135.

Cupreous red-brown ; thorax and fore wing irrorated with
white scales, the latter with indistinct waved antempdial and
highly excurved postmedial line ; traces of the reniform stigma ;
highly dentate submarginal and fine marginal lines white ; abdo-
men and hind wing paler ; cilia of both wings grey.

Uab. Poena ; Bombay ; Coimbatore. Exjp. 26 miUim.

Genus TAR ACHE.

Tarache, Hiihn. Verz. p. 261 (1818).

Euphasia, Steph. Ill Brit. Ent., Haust. iii, p. 115 (1829).

Agrophila, Guen. Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr. x, p. 228 (1840).

Type, T. lucida, Hiifn.

Bange. Universally distributed in the tropical, subtropical, and
warmer temperate zones.

Differs from llyela in the palpi being porrect, the frons with a
rounded corneous projection.

Larva with four pairs of abdominal prolegs.

Sbot. I. (TaracJie). Hind wing with veins 3 and 4 from the cell.

A. Paljji iviili the 3rd joint short and not reaching
beyond the frons.

2017. Tarache lucida, Hiifn. Berl. Mag. iii, 302 (1767).
Noctua Solaris, Schif. Wien. Verz. p. 90.

Noctua albicollis, Fabr. Spec. Ins. ii, p. 218.

Noctua rupicola, Borkh. Schtnett. Euv. iv, p. 82.

Noctua titania, Freyer, Beitr. Schnieit. vi, pi. 533.

Noctua insolatrix, Hiihn. Samml. eur. Schmett., Noct. figs. 684, 685,

Acontia triradiata, Wlk. Cat. xii, p. 794 ; C. Sf S. no. 1849.

cJ. Dark brown ; bead and thorax more or less intermingled
with white scales ; abdomen white-ringed. Fore wing ^Tith the
basal half white, running out to an angle at lower end of cell ; the
basal area with ill-defined waved blue-grey lines and with a black
speck near base ; the outer area dark brown, with a large quadrate
postmedial costal white patch from which arises a dark waved and
iucurved line ; reniform figure-of-8-shaped, M'ith narrow blue-grey
outline ; a waved submarginal white line, obsolescent towards
costa and sending spurs to outer margin near outer angle, tlie area
beyond it irrorated with blue-grey scales ; a marginal series of
black specks; cilia white towards outer angle. Hind wing dark
brown, with a very irregular white medial band sending spurs
inwards towards the base; cilia white. Underside with the
brown and white areas of both wings disposed much as on upper-
side.

5 . The white markings of both wings less extensive.

TAEAOHB.

311

The variety alhicollis has the head, thorax, and abdomen almost
pure white ; the whole basal area o£ fore wing pure white ; the
hind wing white, with broad marginal band ; the female like the
male of the typical form.

Hab. Europe ; N.W. Himalayas ; Campbellpur. Exp. 30 millim.

2018. Tarache hortensis, Szoinh. P. Z. S. 1884, p. 617, pi. 47, fig. 7 ;

C. c5- S. no. 1836.

2 . Differs from the typical form of lucida in the fore wing
having the reniform obsolete; no grey-blue scales beyond the sub-
marginal line ; the cilia not white towards outer angle. Hind
wing uniform fuscous, the outer area slightly darkest. Underside
nearly uniform fuscous.

Hah. Karachi. Exy. 24 millim.

2019. Tarache upsilon, Wlk. Cat. xxxiii, p. 763 ; C. Sr S. no. 1824.

5 . Differs from lucida in the costal portion of the medial band
of fore wing being obsolete, and replaced by two short fuscous
bands from the costa on each side of the large hoop-shaped reni-
form spot with black outline ; the submarginal line ill-dehned and
with blaclf lunules before it. Hind wing uniform dark fuscous.
Underside nearly uniform pale fuscous.

Bab. Poena. Exj>. 30 milhm.

2020. Tarache opalinoides, Guen. Nod. ii, p. 219 ; C. ^ S. no. 1844.
Calophasia postica, Wlk. Cat. xxxiii, p. 764 ; C. ^ S. no. 1864.

Differs from the white form of lucida in the dark patches of the
fore wing being restricted to a large patch on the outer half of
inner margin and to some marks on each side of the costal portion
of the submarginal hne ; the reniform an incomplete and indistinct
black hoop. Hind wing white, with fuscous marginal band.
Underside of foi-e wing fuscous ; hind wing white.

Hab. Campbellpur ; Poona ; Kilgiris ; Ceylon. E.vj}. 30 millim.

2021. Tarache notahilis, Wlk. Cat. xi, p. 669 ; C. Sr S. no. 1823.

Pure white. Poi'e wing with a short subbasal black line from
the costa and an antemedial costal spot, each having a dark speck
below it ; a postmedial costal spot ; a broad irregular dark leaden
band from the apex to inner margin beyond middle, and traversed
by the lunulate black postmedial line ; a series of submarginal
black lunules which are all obscin-ed by white suffusion, except
two at the apex and one at outer angle, which last has a rufous
lunule inside it; cilia white, fuscous towards apex and outer angle.
Hind wing narrow, with marginal fuscous band, broad at apex ; the
cUia white.

JIab. Simla ; Punjab ; Calcutta. Uxp. 30-38 millim.

312

NOCTVIOM.

2022. Tarache catena, Soioerdy, Brit. Misc. p. 29, pi. 14 • t &• S
no. 1825.

Desmophora elegiins, Stej)h. Cat. Brit. Ins. no. 0398.

Pure white. Fore wiug with a large obhque basal leaden patch
on the costa tinged with oUve-yellow ; a medial dome-shaped patch ;
a broad baud with curved inner edge extending from the apex to
centre oi: inner margin, and with a double postmedial series of
indistinct lunules on it ; a submarginal series of blue-grey spots,
the spot above outer angle almost black ; cilia grey. Hind wing
nacreous, with a marginal fuscous band, broad at apex ; the ciha
white.

IJah. Abyssinia; N^tal j Sind; Bombay; Coimbatore. Exn.
40 millim.

2023. Tarache catenula, Wlk. Cat. xxxiii, p. 780; C. S. no. 1826.

Head, thorax, and fore wing violaceous grey-brown, with a
golden tinge; the last with some white below base of median
nervure ; a broad oblique white band from costa to lower angle of
cell ; a large quadrate white patch on the costa before apex,
from which arises an incurved postmedial black Hne obsolescent
towards inner margin ; a submarginal series of blue-gi-ey spots
on a white ground and mai-ginal series of short black "strigEc.
Hind wing fuscous, the base and disk shghtly nacreous ; the cilia
white.

Bab. Campbellpur ; Karachi ; Coimbatore. Ea;j). 32 millim.

B. Pa'ljr)i iviih the 3rd joint longer and extending beyond the frons.
2024. Tarache albonotata, Hmpsn. III. mt. ix. p. 96, pi. 162, fig. 22.

2. Head, thorax, and abdomen fuscous brown; tegulse pure
white. Fore wing fuscous brown, with traces of numerous paler
waved lines ; a large white patch from the base to middle of cell,
not extending to costa or inner margin ; a large white patch on
outer costal area leaving a triangular postmedial dark patch on the
costa. Hind wing white, slightly suffused with fuscous.
Mab. Ceylon. Kvj). 22 millim.

2025. Tarache swinhoei, ^wi!/. P. .S. 1883, p. 162 ; C. t$- & no. 1752.

$ . Head and thorax vinous brown ; abdomen fuscous, the
segments fringed with rufous. Fore wing vinous brown, suffused
with fuscous and with indistinct diffused medial and marginal
blackish bauds. Hind wing yellow, with broad black margiual
band ; cilia rufous. Underside yellow suffused w ith fuscous, espe-
cially on fore wing ; both wings with indistinct medial, postmedial,
and submarginal waved lines.

Mab. Assirghur ; Poena. Exp. 28 millim.

TAEACHD.

313

Sect. II. (Agrophila). Hind wing with veins 3 and 4 stalked.

2026. Tarache karacMeusis, Stomh. P. Z. S. 1889, p. 410.

cJ . Head and collar white ; thorax tinged with fuscous, abdo-
men with ochreous. Fore wing white, with a rufous patch from
lower end of cell to inner margin ; the area between the apex, this
rufous mark, and the outer margin fuscous, irrorated with white
scales, with white marks towards outer angle, and with three black
specks on its upper edge ; a fuscous spot on the costa before apex ;
a marginal series of black specks ; cilia with patches of white below
apex and at middle. Hind wing white, the margin suffused with
fuscous. Underside white, the fore wing tinged with ochreous.

$ . The whole fore wing fuscous, except a diffused white sub-
costal fascia ; the patch below the end of the cell and the outer
area tinged with ochreous ; an indistinct postmedial Hne. Hind
wing pale fuscous.

Bab. Karachi. Exp., d 22, $ 2-1 millim.

2027. Tarache olivea, Guen. Noct. ii, p. 217 ; C.Sj- S. no. 1863.
Tarache nivosa, Swinh. P. Z. 8. 1886, p. 446, pi. 41, fig. 14 ; C. ^ S.

no. 1862.

Head and thorax white ; metathorax blackish ; abdomen ochreous
white. Fore wing white, the inner and outer areas almost wholly
fuscous ; a subbasal grey spot ; an antemedial curved olive-yellow
line ; the orbicular and reniform small grey ring-spots ; traces of
two oUve-yellow waved lines crossing the inner dark patch ; the
outer area suffused with olive-yellow in irregular patches. Hind
wing very pale fuscous, the outer area slightly darker.

2 with the dark areas of the fore wing browner and more ex-
tensive ; the hind wing dark fuscous.

JIab. Simla ; Dharmsala ; Mhow. Exp., S 20, 5 22 milhm.

2028. Tarache olivacea, Hmpsn. III. Met. viii, p. 63, pi. 142, fig. 9.

Head and thorax white ; abdomen pale fuscous. Fore wing
white ; the costa shghtly fuscous, with white strigsB towards the
apex ; the outer half of inner area olive-green, suffused with
purple scales and crossed by an indistinct waved postmedial pale
line ; a fuscous lunule on discocellulars ; a lunulate white marginal
line. Hind wing fuscous.

Hah. Shanghai ; Nagas ; Nilgiris. Eccp. 24 millim.

2029. Tarache Mnominata, Butl. Entom. 1892, p. 64.

Acontia costalia, Wlk. Cat. xxxiii, p. 784 (prasocc.) ; C. §!■ 8.
no. 1830.

. Head white ; thorax dark fuscous brown ; abdomen ochreous
fuscous. Fore wing black-brown, with a broad pure white costal
fascia not reaching the apex, and widest at middle and extremity.
Hind wing pale fuscous, the outer area darkest. Underside of
fore wing ochreous fuscous, with ochreous costal stripe ; the hind
wing whitish.

Hah. Campbellpur ; Karachi ; Poona ; Coimbatore. Exp. 20 millim.

314

NOCTUID^,

2030.

Tarache tropica, Gnen. Noct. ii, p. 217 ; Moore, Lep. Ceyl.

pi. 150, fig. 2 ; C. 4- S. no. 1866,
Acontia bipimctnta, Wlk. Cat. xii,
Acontia maculosa, Wlk. Cat. xii,

p. 798.
p. 795 ;

S . Yellowish white,
costa before the middle ;
nervure to inner margin

Fig. 170.— Tarache tropica,

C. ^ S. no. 1840.

Fore wing with four yellow strigseonlhe
a yellow antemedial patch from median
the orbicular and reniform small indis-
tinct grey ring-spots ; a broad dif-
fused submarginal dark yellowish
band with some purplish scales on
it, and crossed by the postmedial
yellow line, which is highly excurved
beyond the cell ; a submarginal
irregularly waved yellow hue ; two
black specks on the margin below
apex, the cilia at that point being
speck above outer angle. Hind wiug

blackish, and one black
whitish, with fuscous marginal band.

5 with the ground-colour pure white ; the abdomen fuscous,
with white rings. Foi-e wing with the markings much browner.

ITab. China ; Formosa ; throughout India and Ceylon ; Anda-
mans ; Java. Uscp. 23 millim.

2031. Tarache hasifera, Wlk. Cat. xii, p. 793 ; C. ^ S. no. 1829.

5 . Differs from tropica in the whole of the inner area of fore
wing being purplish fuscous, narrowly so at base, broadly from
middle of cell to outer margin ; the thorax dark.

Uab. Karachi ; Poona ; Coimbatore. Ux^y. 22 millim.

2032, Tarache imhuta, Wlk. Cat. xxxiii, p. 794 ; C. ^ S. no. 1799.

Acontia acerba, Feld. Reis. Nov. pi. 108, fig. 25 ; C. ^ S.
no. 1827.

Acontia inda, FeU. Heis. Nov. pi. 108, fig. 23 ; C. ^- S. no. ISGl.

c? . Differs from tropica in the head and thorax being browner;
the basal area of fore wing much darker yellow, so that the mark-
ings are almost entirely obliterated; the whole outer area deep
red-brown, with the mai-kings indistinct. Hind wing with the
veins and outer area suffused with dark fuscous.

2 . Head, thorax, and fore wing dark red-brown, the last with a
white medial streak on costa and postmedial triangular spot, the
pattern being almost obliterated ; abdomen and hind wing dark
fuscous, the former with slight pale rings.

Eah. Throughout India, Ceylon, and Burma. Exp. 24 miUim.

2033. Tarache crocata, Guen. Nod. ii, p. 218 ; C. ^- S. no. 1832.
Acontia signifera, WlJi. Cat. xii, p. 796.

Acontia meridionalis, Wlk. Cat. xxxiii, p. 785; C. S,- S. no. 1841.
Acontia scanda, Feld. Heis. Nov. pi. 108, fig. 27 ; C.^ S. no. 1848.

TAEACHB.

315

. Differs from imhuta in the fore wing having the outer half
red-browa, suifused with purplish ; the reniform purplish, with a
yellow centre ; a triangular postmedial spot on the costa, from
which arises an incurved dark dentate postmedial line ; an indis-
tinct dentate yellow submarginal liue. Hind wing yellow, with a
broad irregular black-brown band.

$ with the whole ground-colour of the fore wing purplish
red-brown ; a short yellow antemedial line from the costa ; quad-
rate medial and triangular postmedial costal spots. Hind wing
with the basal two-thirds bright orange.

Hah. Simla ; Dharmsala ; Bombay ; Coimbatore. Exp. 22
millim.

2034. Tarache nubilosa, n. sp.

J . Head reddish ; thorax greyish white ; abdomen pale fuscous.
Tore wing dull white ; the basal half of costa with conjoined dark
blotches ; medial area rufous and dark brown, bounded inwardly
by a waved black line ; the reniform black, with a grey line
excuryed round end of cell beyond it ; marginal area clouded with
grev. Hind wing fuscous.

Hah. Simla {Harford). Exp. 20 millim. Type in B. M.

2035. Tarache fascialis, n. sp.

S ■ Head and thorax dark brown ; abdomen paler, with pale
segmental rings. Fore wing dark reddish brown ; the costal area
sulphur-yellow, sending a spur to beyond lower angle of cell;
a sulphur fascia below median nervure from base to beyond middle ;
a sulphur band on outer margin. Hind wing reddish brown.

5 . Dark olivaceous brown. Pore wing with slight grey suffu-
sion ; grey streaks at the two angles of cell, and a gi'ey line on
outer margin.

Hah. Sind and Gurais Valleys, Kashmir (Leech). Exp. 24
millim. Type in coll. Leech.

2036. Tarache sulphuralis, Bm-get. Ins. Suec. i, p. 16 ; C. ^ S.

no. 1879.

Bombyx lugubris, Fabr. Ent. Syst. iii, 1, p. 467.
Pyralis trabealis, Scop. Ent. Cam. 610.
Noctua arabica, Berl. Mag. iii, 412.

Noctua sulpburea, Hiihn. Eur. Schmett. Noct. pi. 60, fig. 291.

Head and throax black ; frons, collar, tegulm, and metathorax
marked with yellow ; abdomen fuscous, the segments ringed with
ochreous. Fore wing yellow, with broad black stripes along
median nervure and inner margin ; two pairs of obliquely placed
spots on costal area ; an irregular oblique postmedial band with a
leaden-coloured baud on it ; a submarginal series of black spots
and marginal series of specks ; cilia brownish. Hind wing fuscous

316

NOCTUIDiE.

black, the cilia pale. TJuderside of fore wing yellow, with irregular
black markings ; liind wing with black cell-spot and postmedial
and submargiual bands.

Hab. Europe; Turkestan; Japan; China; Baluchistan; Af-
ghanistan. Eccp. 24 millim.

2037. Tarache flavonigra, Sivmh. P. Z. S. 1884, p. 622, pi. 47, fis?. 15;

C. l5- & uc. 3026.

Head and collar fuscous black ; thorax and abdomen ochreous.
Tore wing with the base pale ochreous; a black spot at base of
costa ; the outer two-thirds of wings fuscous black. Hind wing
pale.

In the Bombay specimen the distal part of the abdomen and
hind wing are dark fuscous.

Uab. Aden; Sind; Bombay. Exjp. 16-20 millim.

(Janus XANTHOPTERA.

Xanthoptera, Gzien. Noct. ii, p. 240 (1852).
Phyllophila, Guen. Noct. ii, p. 254.
Bagada, Wlk. Cat. xv, p. 1763 (1858).
Hiccoda, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 134 (1882),

Type, X. botyoides, Guen., from Brazil.

Range. Nearctic, Neotropical, and Oriental regions.

Palpi upturned, reaching vertex of bead, and smoothly scaled ;
antennsB minutely ciliated in male ; thorax and abdomen without
tufts. Fore wing rather short and broad, vein 8 given olf from 7
and anastomosing with 9, which is given off from 10 to form the
areole. Hind wing with veins 3 and 4 from cell or on a very short
stalk.

Larvce with 4 pairs of abdominal prolegs.

Sect. I. Female with antennae almost simple.

2038. Xanthoptera marginata, Wlk. Cat. xxxv, p. 1775 ; Hmpsn.

III. Bet. viii, pi. 148, fig. 21.

Head, thorax, and fore wing bright straw-yellow ; the last with
a marginal black band, bordered inwardly by a deep black slightly
waved line. Abdomen, hind wing, and underside fuscous or smoky
black.

Hah. Dharmsala; Nilgiris ; Java. Exp. 20 mi\\\\n.

2039. Xanthoptera flavifrons, Moore, Lep. Ceyl. iii, p. 552, pi. 214,

fig. 8 ; C. S. uo. 2824.

6 . Uniform brownish ochreous ; the head bright yellow ; an-
tenna5 and base of palpi fuscous ; the front of thorax tinged with
fuscous. Eore wing with a slight purphsh tinge.

Eab. Ceylon. Exp. 24 milhm.

XANTHOPTEEA.

317

2040. Xanthoptera fuscicilia, Ilmpsn. III. Het. viii, p. 75, pi. 145,

%. 17.

Head, thorax, and fore wing bright reddish ochreous ; the cilia
fuscous. Abdomen and hind wing ochreous, suffused with fuscous.
Underside fuscous, the costa and outer margin ochreous ; hind
wing with cell-spot.

Hah. Nilgiris. Exp. 20 millim.

2041. Xanthoptera argentifrons, Butl. III. Set. vii, p. 65, pi. 130,

ag. 1.

Head and thorax black ; abdo nen fuscous. Tore wing pale
straw-yellow; the base black; triangular black costal marks at
centre and before apex, the latter small ; the outer margin and
cilia black ; the ochreous area deeper in tone towards the margin,
and running out to the margin below apex and at centre. Hind
wing fuscous.

Hah. Dharmsala. Exp. 20 miUim.

2042. Xanthoptera triangularis, Warr. P. Z. S. 1888, p. 309.

2 . Differs from argentifrons in the ground-colour of the fore
wing being pale pinkish brown ; the basal black patch and medial
costal patch larger ; the costal patch before the apex absent ; the
marginal black band more regular.

Hah. Oampbellpur. Exp. 17 millim.

2043. Xanthoptera mianoides, Hmpsn. III. Het. ix, p. 98, pi. 162,

fig. 16.

cJ . Head and thorax dark brown ; abdomen fuscous, with pale
rings. Tore wing with the basal half dark brown, with four
waved black lines on it ; a black subbasal spot below median
nervure ; the orbicular represented by a black speck on the fourth
line ; the reniform by a black lunule on the line terminating the
dark area which is bent inwards below the cell ; the outer half of
wing ochreous white, the outer area suffused with brown ; a faint
postmedial line highly excurved beyond the cell ; an indistinct
pale waved submarginal line. Hind wing fuscous brown.

$ . Pore wing with the outer area the same colour as the basal
half of wing, crossed by a broad white baud traversed by the post-
medial line.

Hah. Ceylon. Exp. 20 millim.

2044. Xanthoptera opella, Swinh. P. Z. S. 1885, p. 45G, pi. 27, fig. 16 ;

C. 8f S. no. 1858.

Differs from mianoides in the outer edge of the dark basal area
of the fore wing being straighter ; the postmedial line less excurved ;

318

NOOTUIDJ!;,

the submarginal line straighter, and with a dark sinus on it below
middle.

In the tj'pe from Poona the postmedial and submarginal lines
have gilded scales on them ; in the Campbellpur specimen the head,
thorax, abdomen, and base of fore wing are ochreous.

Hah. Simla ; Campbellpui- ; Karachi ; W. India. Exj). 19
mUlim.

2045. Xanthoptera melancMaena, Sivinh. Trans. Ent. Soc. 1891,

p. 148.

J. Head and thorax black-brown ; abdomen paler. Tore wing
purplish black-brown ; a postmedial pale band, which is traversed
by a dark line slightly excurved beyond the cell ; traces of a sub-
marginal line becoming pale towards outer area. Hind wing dark
fuscous.

,IIab. N. Canara. Uxp. 17 millim.

2046. Xanthoptera excisa, SwinJi. P. Z. S. 1885, p. 455 ; C. S.

1834.

Acontia quintana, Swinh. P. Z. S. 1885, p. 455, pi. 27, fig. 13 ;
a Sr S. no. 1847.

Head, thorax, and abdomen olive-brown. Fore wing white ; an
olive-brown basal patch with black marks on its outer edge ; an
indistinct antemedial waved line ; a broad medial leaden-grey band
with a black spot on it at end of cell, and some waved blackish
marks towards its outer edge ; a waved postmedial line ; outer area
grey, with a waved submarginal line on it. Hind wing pale fuscous,
with an indistiact pale medial line.

Some specimens have hardly any white on each side of the post-
medial line ; others are large and dark ; the form quintana is
without olive and brown tiuts, the grey of outer area of fore wing
broken into patches.

Hah. Simla ; Dharmsala ; W. India ; Coimbatore. Exp. 18-22
millim.

2047. Xanthoptera nigripalpis, Wlh. Cat. xxxv, p. 1965 ; C. S.

no. 1842.

Hiccoda dosaroides, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 135 ; id. Lep. Ceyl. iii,
pi. 150, fig. 16 ; C. ^ 8. no. 1818.

Ochreous. Pore wing with some dark specks on costa ; traces
of waved subbasal, antemedial, medial, and postmedial rufous
lines, the last recurved beyond the cell ; reniform large, rufous,
and suffused with fuscous ; cilia pinkish, chequered with black.
Hind wing fuscous, the cilia ochreous ; underside with cell-spot
and postmedial line.

Hah. N.W. Himalayas ; throughout Peninsular India and Ceylon.
Exp. 18 millim.

XANTHOPTEEA.

319

2048. Xanthoptera veprecola, Sioinh, P. Z. S. 1885, p. 45G ; C. Sf S.

no. 1875.

c? . Head, thorax, and abdomen pale brown. Fore wing red-
brown, irrorated with dark scales and with dark streaks on and
between the veins o£ outer area ; irregularly dentate ante- and
postmedial lines, the latter excarved round end of cell ; orbicular
and reniform large, pinkish brown, and somewhat prominent;
traces of a pale submarginal line. Hind wing pale fuscous.

Hah. Poona. Exp. 20 millim.

2049. Xanthoptera plebeia, Butl. III. Set. vii, p. 61, pi. 129, fig. 3.

Ochreous, irrorated with dark brown scales. Fore wing with the
subbasal and autemedial waved lines single, pale, and indistinct ;
the orbicular and reniform ochreous white ; the postmedial waved
line slightly excurved ; medial diffused purplish fuscous band con-
joined at median nervure to the purplish-fuscous shade which is
diffused over the whole outer area, except a costal patch and
another beyond the lower part of the postmedial Une ; some black
marginal spots. Hiad wing fuscous.

Hah. Dharmsdla ; Bhutan. Exp. 22 millim.

2050. Xanthoptera spicea, Guen. Noet. i, p. 226.

Perigea tricycla, Guen. Noet. i. p. 226 ; C. Sf 8. no. 2103.
Bagada pvrochroma, Wlk. Cat. xv, p. 1753 ; Hmpsn. III. Het. ix,

pi. 1&2, fig. 2, & pi. 176, fig. 20 (larva) ; C. Sf 8. no. 1876.
Acontia tirina, Swinh. P. Z. 8. 1885, p. 455, pi. 27, fi<?. 6 ; C. & 8.

no. 1835.

Head, coUar, and patagia reddish cchreous ; thorax grey ;
abdomen ochreous. Fore wing reddish ochreous, with traces of
numerous transverse lines in the form of strigae and specks on

the costa ; the orbicular a pale
blotch with black centre; reni-
form similar, but figure-of-8-
shaped, and with a black spot
beyond it on the indistinct
curved postmedial line, beyond
which is a series of grey specks ;
an oblique dark streak from the
apex ; a marginal series of black
specks ; the inner margin grey,
beconiing black at outer angle. Hind wing ochreous fuscous, with
indistinct broad marginal darker band.

In the form <ric?/cZa =^j?//-oc7t9'omct the fore wing is redder, the
area below the cell and outer area being very bright chestnut.

Larva pink ; the dorsal area speckled with small white spots ;
dorsal and subdorsal white lines ; a broad pale yellow lateral stripe.'
Head greerush.

Hah. Simla; Sylhet; W. India; Nilgiris ; Ceylon; Java.
Exp. 2i-28 mmm. t> > j .

Fig. 171.
Xanthoptera spicea, ^ . \.

320

NOCTUID-I!.

2051. Xanthoptera magna, Swinh. MS.

Differs from the form tricyda in the metathorax only being
grey. Eore wing greenish yellow, less irrorated with black ; the
orbicular and reniform almost or quite obsolete ; the inner and
marginal reddish areas more suffused with bluish grey. Hind
wing dark fuscous. Underside with indistinct postinedial Ime and
pale marginal band to both wings.

Bob. Sikbim, Khasis. Exp. 40 millira. Type in B. M.

2052. Xantlioptera nigridia, Swinh. MS.

S Differs from magna in the cilia of the fore wing being
crenulate ; the head and thorax rufous, suffused mth black. Fore
wing rufous, with the obicular and reniform more distinct; t^e
outer area below the oblique line from the apex suffused with
black; the inner area also slightly suffused. Abdomen and hmd
wing black ; the ciHa reddish. Underside with the costa and outer
margin of both wings irrorated with red.

0 Brownish ochreous, the abdomen reddish. Tore wmg
without black suffusion; the black spot beyond outer edge ot
reniform prominent. Hind wing reddish, the outer area suffused
with fuscous. Underside much paler; hmd wmg more suffused

with red. „ ■ -r> T\r

Hah. Khdsis. Exp. 38 millim. Type in B. M.

2053. Xanthoptera grisea, Hmpm. III. mt.Vni, p. 63, pi. 142, fig. 7.

S. Grey, uniformly irrorated with grey-brown. Fore wing ^vith
an fngled medial dark line, with rust-red patches Jef ore ^ n a d
below end of cell ; the outer area sbgh ly suffused with rust-red
scaS ; a submarginal dark line slightly bent below the costa.

Hah. Nilgiris ; Nagas. Exp. 30 millim.

Sect. II. Female with the antennte strongly ciliated.
2054 Xanthoptera modesta, Moore, Lep. Ceyl. iii, P- 55, pi. 150,

^^^.:^:iu. mt. ix, p. 100, pi. 102, fig. 10.

Q Head and collar clothed with light and dark brown scales ;

black speck at base; the reniform dark, some dar^ sir

line, and marginal series of specks.

The form qrisea has the reniform spot obsolete.
Hah. Ceyion. Exp. 30 miUun.

COSMIA.

321-

Genus COSMIA.

Cosmia, Ochs. Eur. Sahinitt. iv, p. 84 (1816)
Elydna, Wlk. Cat. xr, p. 1712 (1858).

Type, C. diffinis. Lion., from Europe.

Range. Europe; Japan; China; Himalayas; Burma.

Differs from Xanthoptem in being more siioutlj built ; the outer
margin of fore wing more oblique towards outer angle, and with
the cilia crenulate.

Larvce with four pairs of abdominal prologs.

2055. Cosmia restituta, Wlk. Cat. x, p. 490; C. S. no. 1794.

Head and thorax chestnut; abdomen fuscous. Fore wing
chestnut, shghtlj suffused with fuscous ; an oblong subbasal white

spot on the costa; a quadrate
antemedial spot extending as a
narrow line across the cell ; a
triangular patch, followed by a
linear spot before the apex ; traces
of subbasal and antemedial dark
hues; faint traces of orbicular
and reniform stigmata, and highly
curved postmedial and submarginal
^, .,. „ „ , '^Jies. Hind wing dark fuscous,
with the cilia yellow. lJuderside reddish ochreous, suffused in parts
with fuscous ; a cell-spot and postmedial line to both wiuo-s.
The Nepal specimen is much darker and less red. " '
Hab. Murree ; JSTepal. Exp. 30-38 millim.

Fig. 172.
Cosmia restituta, cJ.

2056. Cosmia aflanis. Linn. Syst. Nat. xii, p. 848.

Head, thorax, and fore wing pale or bright red-brown ; abdomen
fuscous, with slight pale segmental rings and ochreous anal tuft
J^ore wmg with whitish indisthict short subbasal, obliquely sinuous
antemedial, and postmedial Ime excurved beyond the cell • traces
ot a fuscous medial line and of orbicular and reniform spots; an
indistinct pale smuous submarginal line. Hind wincr nearly
umtorm dark fuscous, or the basal area pale, the outer blackish-
cilia bright yellow.

The fore wing may be suffused in parts with black and the
apical area with white.

Hab. Europe; Japan; G-urais Valle?, Kashmir. Exp 32-38
millira. ■ ^

2057. Cosmia transversa, Wlk. Cat. xv, p. 1713; C. Sf S. no. 1122.

2 . Head, thorax, and fore wing ochreous, irrorated with dark
scales ; the last with an oblique dark antemedial Hno • a nost
VOL. II. ^' ^

322

medial line angied at vein 6 and slightly curved towards inner
margin ; curved submarginal and marginal lines. Abdomen and
hind wing brighter yellow.

i/ftZ). Moulraein. Exjo. SSmilhm.

2058. Cosmia ocliracea, n. sp.

2 Ochreous. Tore wing irrorated with a few black scales; a
waved antemedial erect line ; a postmedial crenulate hne, slightly
.ngled and regularly excnrved beyond the cell ; a submarginal
irregularly crenulate line, with a series of dark specks beyond it
the cilia fuscous. Hind wing orange-yellow, especiaUy towards
outer margin. Underside with smaU cell-spots.

™E^Pegu, 5000 feet (i>o7...^y). 40 millim. Type m

coll. Elwes.

Genus ACONTIA.

Acontia, Ochs. Eur. i^' 1',^^L^^^^^^^■

Xanthodes, Guen. Nod. n, p. 209 (i«6.^).

SS'^TjrvSySributed in the tropical, subtropical, and

3rcl dnt proniinent; antenna, simple; thorax and abdomen
sitothly sclled and without tufts. Fore wmg with the cdia non-
crenulate ; veins 7, 8 and 9, 10 stalked.

Larvce with four pairs ot abdominal prolegs.

Sect I Male with the palpi smoothly scaled in front ; the tibi'.E
not hairy ; the fore wing not excised towards outer angle.

2059. Acontia malvffl, Esper, SfnettAy, 2 p. 63, 195- 1

Xanthodes impellens, Wlk Cat. xv, p. i/o. u 9
Xanthodes inefficiens, Wlk. Cat. xv, p. 17oJ , C. <^ o. no.

line; reniform oval, with a

postmedial line highly excnrved beyond ^he e^^^^^^^^^ ^^^^^^
inner margin; two submarginal hues, ^lie ^niier un g

thecosta; a large 'iiff-««d/™'^g'i^^;^X?Jp to t^^^^^^^^^ ^'^^
whole of the outer area, its apex ^"n ^^^S '^P °metimes suffused
postmedial line. Hind wmg iridescent .Me, sometm ^^^^^ ^^.^^^
with brownish or ochreous, or with the apuai area j

or ochreous. , , -r,, jjo E.rn. 30-36

Hab. Europe; Eormosa; throughout India. J^-U

millim.

AOONTIA.

323

Sect. II. Male with the palpi more hairy in front; the tibi»
clothed with long hah- ; the fore wing with the outer margin
more or less excised towards outer angle.

2060. Aeontia transversa, Guen. Noct. ii, p. 211, pi. lo, fio-. 5.

Xanthodes flava, C. <§• S. no. 1805 Cnec Fabr.) ; Moore, Lev. Ceiil.
iii, pi. 149, figs. 2, 2 a (laa-va). > r J

Bright canary-yellow; palpi and legs red-brown; vertex of
thorax tinged with rufous. Fore wing with ante- and postmedial
highly angulated rufous lines, which are sometimes waved, the

Fig. 173. — Aeontia transversa, ^. \.

latter touching a snbmarginal angled line ; a large bright rufous
triangular patch occupying the whole outer area, and sometimes
produced backwards along median nervure to the base, or occa-
sionally almost obsolete; a black subapical speck; cUia rufous.
Hind wing slightly suffused with red-brown, the outer margin
rufous. °

Larva Y>ale green, with a few very fine hairs ; subdorsal, lateral,
and sublateral series of white spots, the subdorsal series with a
larger yellow spot on each somite.

PujDa pale pinkish red.

iTafi. China; throughout India, Ceylon, and Burma; Java;
Duke of York Isle. Ex^. 40-44 millun.

2061. Aeontia intersepta, Gr>en. Noct. ii, p. 212; Moore, Lep. Ceyl.
m, pi. 149, fig. 3 ; C. Sr iS. no. 1811. ' > i ^

Differs ^0^ transversa in having the palpi pure white in front ;
the vertex of head whitish; the thorax not tmged with rufous
Fore wmg with the transverse lines reduced to a series of specks
the antemedial series curved.

.<^A^" ^n™"^^''"* ""^^ Burma; Java. Exv

44-50 millim. J^'

r2

324

NOCTXJIDiE.

2062. Acontia grsellsii, Feisth. Arm. Soc. Ent. Fr. vi (1837), p. 300,
pi. 12, fig. 3; C. no. 180G.
Xantliodes inuocens, WlJc. Cat. xv, p. 1752 ; C. 8r S. no. 1810.
Xanthodes fimbriata, Wlk. Cat. xxxiii, p. 777.

Differs from intersepta in the fore wing having no transverse
series of specks, these being represented at most by specks below
the costa ; a rufous fascia fi-om lower angle of cell to outer margin
below apex replacing the large triangular patch. Hind wing pure
white, the apical area suffused with ochreous.

Hah. 8. Europe; W. and S. Afi-ica ; Mauritius; Aden;
throughout Peninsular India. Exp. 36-43 millim.

Genus MAEIMATHA.
Marimatha, Wlh. Cat. xxxiv, p. 1204 (1865).

Type, M. dinumeratalis, Wlk., from Honduras.

Banc/e. Neotropical region ; Africa ; Aden ; Khasis ; ISTilgiris.

Palpi with the 2nd joint reaching above vertex of head, the 3rd
long ; thorax and abdomen without tufts ; antenna ciliated. Fore
wing'with the apex almost rectangular ; veins 8 and 9 anastomo-
sing^to form the areole. Hind wing with veins 3, 4 from cell.

2063. Marimatha subflavalis, Wlk.

Cat. xxxiv, p. 1205 ; C. ^- no.
1869.

Ochreous ; the head pinkish. Pore
wing with a black speck at end of cell ;
the outer area black, except at apex.
Hind wing paler; the outer area
fuscous.

Eab. Kilimanjaro; Aden; Nilgu-is.
Kvp. 24 millim.

Fig. 174.
Marimatha subflavalis, c? ■

2064. Marimatha xanthoptera, n. sp.

c? . Differs from subflavalis in the thorax and fore wing being
bright yellow. Pore wing with the outer area, except at apex,
bright "chestnut, with some fuscous suffusion. Hind wing and
underside suffused with fuscous ; ciha of both wnigs pu:kish.

Hab. Khdsis, 6000 feet (Ekves). Exp. 26 millim. Type m
coll. Elwes.

Genus SWINHOEA, nov.

Type, S. vegeta, Swinh.

Banne. Abyssinia; Punjab; Bombay,

Palpi upturned, the 2nd joint roughly scaled, the 3rd long and
Blender; frons with a rounded projection; antennfe of male
minutely cihated ; thorax and abdomen smoothly scaled ; tibiffi

SWINHOEA. — MITAOHEOSTIS.

325

slightly hairy. Fore wing of nearly even widtli throughout ; the
apex nearly rectangular ; veins 8 and 9 anastomosing to forai the
areole. Hind wing with veins 3, 4 and 6, 7 from cell.

20G5. Swinhoea vegeta, Siomh. P. Z. S. 1885, p. 475, pi. 28, fig. 14;
C. c5- S. no. 3043.

cJ . Head and collar fuscous ; thorax vinous ; abdomen fuscous.

Fore wing vinous brown, the base
pale, the outer two - thirds much
darker ; an indistinct short pale
subbasal line ; a black speck above
inner margin near base ; obliquely
waved antemedial, medial, and post-
medial lines. Hind wing fuscous
j'jff ]75. underside with indistinct cell-spot

Swinhoea vegeta, c? . |. and postmedial line.

Hah. Abyssinia ; Punjab ; Bombay
Ex^. 22 millim.

Genus METACHROSTIS.

Metachrostis, Hiibn. Verz. p. 204 (1818).
Ozarba, Wlk. Cat. xxxii, p. 684 (1865).

Type, M. velox, Hiibn., from Europe.

Bancje. Europe; Japan; China; throughout India, Ceylon, and
Eurma ; Java ; Australia.

Palpi long and upturned, reaching above vertex of head ;
thorax and abdomen without tufts. Fore wing with veins
8, 9, 10 stalked ; vein 7 sometimes almost or quite touching 8,
and forming an areole.

Sect. I. {Metachrostis). Ground-colour purplish or brownish

grey.

A. AntenncB strongly ciliated in male.

2066. Metachrostis miasma, Hinpsn. III. Het. viii, p. 73, pi. 145,

fig. 16.

Dark purplish grey. Fore wing crossed by some eight or nine
ill-defined and dilfused fuscous-black waved lines ; the orbicular
a black speck, the reniform a black spot. Hind wing dark
fuscous.

Hah. Nilgiris. Exp. 19 millim.

2067. Metachrostis egens, Moore, Lep. Ceyl. iii, p. 68, pi. 151, fig. 9 ;

C. ^ S. no. 2216.
Metachrostis contingens, Moore, P. Z. S. 1888, p. 412 ; Butl III
Met. vii, p. 65, pi. 129, fig. 13.

326

NOCTTIID ZE.

Pale grey-brown. Eore wing with subbasal, antemedial, medial,
and postmedial waved dark lines arising from fuscous spots on the
costa ; the postmedial line indistinct ; the orbicular a speck ; reni-
f orm represented by parallel lines ; an indistinct dentate submarginal
line. Hind wing with the inner half irrorated with dark scales
and with traces of medial, postmedial, and submarginal dark lines
on it.

Eab. Dharmsdla ; Ceylon. Exp. 21 millim.

2068. Metachrostis fasciata, Hmpsn. III. Het. yiii, p. 91, pi. 147
iig. 10.

Puscous, suffused with grey. Fore wing with subbasal, ante-
medial, medial, and postmedial waved lines, the 1st short, the 3rd
excurved round cell, the last irregular; a dark mark on disco-
cellulars ; a crenulate submarginal line ; a series of marginal dark
specks. Hind wing with four indistinct waved black lines and a
marginal series of specks.

The male has some pale red-brown on disk of fore wing and
submarginal line and cilia of both wings.

Hah. Nilgiris. Exp., d 30, $ 26 millim.

B. Antennce almost simple in male.

2069. Metachrostis quinaria, 3Ioore, P. Z. S. 1881, p. 371 ; C. c$- S.
no. 1902.

Differs from egems in being less brown ; the costal spots of the
fore wing black ; the reniform ill-defined.

Bab. N.W. Himalayas ; Punjab ; Karachi ; Mhow. E.vp.
23 millim.

2070. Metachrostis oblicLiiisigna, n. sp.

(J. Puscous grey, irrorated and suffused with black-brown.
Pore wing crossed by six indistinct waved lines ; an oblique black
band from costa to lower angle of cell. Hind wing crossed by five
indistinct waved lines ; both wings with marginal black line.

Hab. Dharmsala {Hoclcinxj). Exp. 19 millim. Type in B. M.

2071. Metachrostis obscura, n. sp.

cJ Hark grey. Fore wing with very obscure darker lines and
bands, the most distinct of which are an oblique band from just
beyond the lower angle of cell to inner margin and a dittused
sinuous submarginal band. Vein 7 of the fore wmg just touches
8 and 9, and forms a slight areole.

Hab. Ndgas, 6000 feet {Dohcrty). Exp. 26 railhm. Type m
coll. Elvves.

MKTACnnOSTlS.

327

Sect. II. (Ozarha). Ground-colour brown or oclireous.

A. Antenna serrate in male.

2072 Metachrostis destituta, Moore, Lep. Ceyl. iii, p. 48, jil. 150,
fig. 6 ; C.Si &. no. 1800.

Pale reddish brown. Pore wing with a dnrk brown band
between the subbasal and antemedial double waved lines ; a dark
medial band slightly angled on median nervure ; reniform with
dark outline; a postmedial waved line; the submarginal line
indistinct and arising from a large dark triangular mark on the
costa with a black spot on its lower edge. Hind wing fuscous.

Hub. Khasis ; Ceylon. Exj>- 20 millim.

B. Antenna almost simple in male.
a. Fore wing ivith the outtr margin not excurved at centre.

2073. Metachrostis undulata, Empsn. III. Het. ix, p. 98, pi. 162,

fig. 20.

S . Oclireous white. Head and collar fuscous ; thorax and
fore wing irrorated with black scales, the latter with black spots
on the costa ; a black spot at base ; traces of six very ill-defined
waved Unes ; reniform a large fuscous-black spot in the curve of
the postmedial line ; hind wing pale. Underside of fore wing with
black costal spots towards apex ; hind wing with discocellular and
postmedial lines.

Hah. Ceylon. Exp. 18 millim.

2074. Metachrostis conspersa, Butl. P. Z. S. 1880, p. 673.

Miresa quadrinotata, Moore, P. Z. S. 1888, p. 403; C. ^ S.
no. 1316 A.

Ochreous. Pore wing more or less irrorated with black, and
with black specks in and at end of cell.
Hab. Formosa ; Kulu. Eip. 20 milb'm.

2075. Metachrostis acervalis, Swinh. P. Z. S. 1886, p. 451 ; C. Sr S

no. 2690.

cJ . Almost uniform pale ochreous, with a slight purplish-fuscous
tinge ; the head and collar pure white ; palpi tinged with fuscous
at sides. Fore wing with traces of a dark speck at end of cell and
one or two beyond it ; a greyish streak from end of cell to outer
margin and some marginal greyish streaks in the interspaces ; a
black speck sometimes present near outer angle. Hind wing with
the outer area suifused with greyish.

JIab. Mhow. Exp. 20 millim.

328

NOCTUIDiE.

2076. Metachrostis incondita, Butl. III. Het. vii, p. 69, pi. 130,

fig. 13.

Dark reddish brown. Fore wing with ochreous specks on the
costa ; au indistinct band between the slightly waved subbasal and
antemedial lines ; a diffused medial band interrupted by the large
reniform spot, which is defined by an ochreous and black lunule on
its inner edge, its outer edge by two sinuations of the postmedial
line, beyond which is a trilobed black patch ; the apical area
darker ; an irregularly undulated submarginal line. Hind wing
dark fuscous ; underside with cell-spot, postmedial and submarginal
lines.

Hab. Dharmsala ; Bhutan ; Calcutta. E.v]}. 20-22 millim.

2077. Metachrostis hypenoides, Butl. III. Set. vii, p. 66, pi. 130,

fig. 2.

c?. Head, thorax, and abdomen fuscous. Fore wing pale
pinkish brown ; traces of subbasal and antemedial waved hnes ; a
prominent medial sinuous line with some blackish suffusion inside
it; the reniform black and triangular; an indistinct sinuous sub-
marginal pale hue with some dark suffusion inside it at costa.
Hind wing pale fuscous.

$ . With the blackish suffusion inside the medial line of fore
wing forming a wdde band.

Bab. Simla ; Dharmsala. Exp., J 20, $ 24 millim.

2078. Metachrostis unduligera, Butl. III. Het. vii, p. 63, pi. 129,

fig. 9.

Head and thorax grey-brown ; metathorax fringed with \vhite ;
abdomen ochreous brown. Fore wing grey-brown, with indistinct
waved double subbasal and antemedial lines ; the orbicular and
reniform indistinct, usually with a dark patch between them, from
which proceeds a dark Hne, angled below the cell, to inner margin ;
a pale postmedial line excurved and bracket-shaped beyond the
cell ; traces of a pale sinuous submarginal line. Hind wing dark
fuscous.

Rab. Dharmsala ; Simla. Exp. 18-20 millim.

2079. Metachrostis rectifascia, n. sp.

5 . Dark brown. Fore wing with a dark subbasal mark and
antemedial lunule below median nervure ; a broad slightly oblique
medial band with black edges, its inner part ochreous, its outer
brown, and with a dark patch beyond it at centre ; an indistinct
submarginal ochreous waved line wnth a dark patch inside it at
costa, one beyond it at middle of outer margin, and a third at
outer angle ; a dark marginal line ; cilia ochreous. Hind wing

METACHEOSTIS.

329

dark fuscous, with the ciha ochreous. Underside with traces of a
medial pale band and siibmarginal series of specks to both wings.
Hab. Bombay. Exp. 28 miliiui. Type in B. M.

2080. Metachrostls transversa, Moore, Lep. Ceyl. iii, p. 57, pl.,160,
tiy. 15 ; C. Si S. no. 1911.

(5 . Differs from redifascia in being dark fuscous ; abdomen
vnth grey fringes to the segments. Fore wing with an indistinct
antemedial line; the medial band with a dark line towards its
outer edge instead of tiie brown shade ; the submarginal line
whitish, with but slight traces of the dark patches on each side of
it ; the cilia grey.

Hab. Ceylon. ExiJ. 22 millim.

2081. Metachrostis punctigera, WIL Cat. xxxii, p. 685; Hmpsn.
III. Het. viii, pi. 143, lig. 6 ; C. S. no. 2129.
Graininodes excavata, Wlk. Cat. xxxiii, p. 973 ; C. ^ S. no. 2677.

Head and thorax purplish red-
brown ; abdomen fuscous. Fore
wing piu'plisii brown, with five in-
distinct brown lines before the
middle, often almost obsolete ; an
erect medial hne, beyond which
the whole outer area is suffused
with bright chestnut; the reniforra
■with its lower half surrounded by

black specks ; a double postmedial ochreous line, acutely angled
below the costa, then straight and oblique to inner margin ; three
ochreous costal specks towards apex; an irregularly waved sub-
marginal pale line. Hind wing fuscous ; both wings with a fine
pale marginal line. Underside of hind wing irrorated with
ochreous ; a cell-spot, and postmedial and submarginal lines.

In some specimens vein 7 of the fore wing almost touches
8 and 9.

Hab. Japan ; China ; Dharmsala ; throughout the Bombay and
Madras Presidencies ; Australia. Exp. 26-32 millim.

2082. Metachrostis bipars, H77ipsn. III. Het. viii, p. 75, pi. 145,
tig. 2.

cJ . Differs from punctigera in the fore wing haviiig the black
marks round the reniform more prominent ; the postmedial Hne
slightly undulated between the angle and inner margin ; the sub-
marginal line dentate.

2 with the cilia pinkish.

Hab. Nilgiris. Exp, 30 millim.

330

NOCTtriDiE.

2083. Metachrostis honesta, Wlk Cat. xxxii, p. 077; C. <§- S.

110. 2130.

5 . Differs from p^nctigera in being much more ochreous in
tone ; fore wing with the outer half paler chestnut ; the po.st-
medial line excurved beyond the cell instead of angled.

Hab. Coimbatore. Rvp. 22 millim.

2084. Metachrostis itwarra, Sioinh. P. Z. S. 1885, p. 452, pi. 27,

fig. 14 ; a ^ S. no. 2127.

5 . DifEers from punctigera in the postmedial line of the fore
wing not being angled, but having three undulations ; the sub-
marginal line excurved at middle.

Bab. Karachi; Poona; Nilgiris. E.vp. 22-26 millim.

2085. Metachrostis badia, Sioinh. P. Z. S. 1886, p. 445 ; C. ^ S.

no. 1828.

Differs from itwarra in being redder brown. Eore wing with
the subbasal and autemedial lines almost obsolete ; the medial line
bounding the chestnut shade obhque towards inner margin ; the
black spots round the reniform smaller ; the postmedial line more
incurved between vein 4 and the inner margin ; the submarginai
line and marginal specks very indistinct.

Hab. Bombay ; Mhow. K%p. 18 millim.

2086. Metachrostis venata, Butl. 111. Set. vii, p. 70, pi. 130, fig. 12.
Differs from pundigera in being violaceous grey-brown, rore

wing with the subbasal lines very indistinct ; the outer half v^1th the
veins pale and unevenly suffused with fuscous ; the black specks
round the reniform more prominent; the postmedial hue excurved
between veins 2 and 7 instead of angled; the submarginai hne
whitish and excurved at middle. Hind wmg pale fuscous.
Hab. Dharmsala. Exp. 22 millim.

2087. Metachrostis mallarha, Sidnh. P. Z S. 1885, p. 462, pi. 27,

fig. 3 ; C.Sf S. no. 2128.
Differs from venata in being dark fuscous. Fore wing with
double subbasal and antemedial lines ori pale bands.
Hab. Poona; Thyetmyo, Burma. L.v^y. 22 milhm.

2088. Metachrostis uherosa, Stom?i. P. Z. S. 1885, p. 457 ; C. Sr S.

no. 1898.

9 Differs from mallarba in having a grfmsh-yellow tinge
Pore'vving vvith the subbasal and antemed.al hues curved a d
fnTstinctl the postmedial line more angled beyond t^e renifoim ,
the submarginai line more sinuous; the vems not pale.

Hab. Poona. E.vp. 16 millim.

MBTACHHOSTIS.

331

2089. Metachrostis pulla, Sioinh. P. Z. S. 1885, p. 456, pi. 27, fig. 15 ;

C. ^- S. no. 1845.

Pale reddish brown. Pore wing with the subbasal, ante- and
postmedial double waved lines indistinct and obscured by fuscous
suffusion ; the submarginal waved line almost obsolete and arising
from a dark costal triangular patch. Hind vnng dark fuscous ;
underside with cell-spot and irregularly waved postmedial line.

The Ganjam specimen has the fore wing more variegated ; the
reniform slate-colour ; a dark spot on outer margin below apex.

Hah. G-anjam ; Poona ; Nilgiris. Exp. 24 milhm.

2090. Metachrostis fusca, B^npsn. III. Het. ix, p. 97, pi. 162, fig. 9.

5 . Differs from pulla in having the outer area of fore wing
dark ; the lines better defined ; the triangular patch of costa near
apex much broader and with a black mark on its lower edge.
Underside of hind wing with regularly curved postmedial aud sub-
marginal lines.

Hah. Ceylon. E.vp. 28 millim.

2091. Metachrostis arenacea, Hmpm. III. Het. ix, p. 97, pi. 162,

fig. 3.

2 . Differs from fusca in being ochreous suffused with rufous.
Pore wing with a small black ring-mark representing the orbicular ;
the inner edge of the reniform a black <-mark ; postmedial line
indistinct, with a black speck on it beyoud the cell ; a series of
marginal Ijlack specks. Underside of hind wing with the cell-spot
and lines more prominent.

Hab. Ceylon. Exp. 30 millim.

2092. Metachrostis separata, Wlk. Cat. xxxiii, p. 752 ; C. ^- 8.

no. 2332.

S. Eeddish grey-brown; palpi with the 2nd joint black at
sides ; a black spot" at base of abdomen. Fore wing with basal and
antemedial black spots on the costa; a large dark patch on centre
of costa extending to near lower angle of cell ; the reniform very
indistinct, with some dark specks on its outer and lower edges ;
traces of a sinuous postmedial line with two dark specks on it at
vein 2 ; a subtriangular dark costal patch before apex with white
specks on it ; traces of a sinuous submarginal line and marginal
series of specks.

Vein 7 of the fore wing touches 8 and forms an areole.

Hah. " N. India." Exp. 32 millim.

2093. Metachrostis divisa, n. sp.

$ . Differs from arenacea in being red-brown. Fore wing with
an oblique medial straight line, the area beyond it darker ; a black

332

noctuidvt;.

spot beyond the lunule at eud of cell ; some black streaks below
the subtriangular costal patch, which is red-brown; the sub-
marginal line dentate.

Another form has the basal area of fore wiucr grey, running out
to a point below the reniform; the outer area much redder and
without the dark subapical streak.

liah. Sikhim. Exp. 38 millim. Type in coll. Elwes.

2094. Metachrostis semialba, n. sp.

(5 . Ochreous white. Fore wing with the apical area red-
brown from middle of costa to anal angle ; dark red-brown patches
on centre of costa and before apex ; the reniform indistmct ; a
postmedial hne highly angled below the costa, with a bluish-white
l^atch inside its costal portion ; a marginal series of black and
white specks. Hind wing suffused with fuscous; a marginal
series of black specks.

Hah. Momeit, Burma {Doherty). Exp. 2G millim. Type in
coll. Elwes.

2095. Metachrostis trigona, Hmpsn. III. Set. viii, p. 74, pi. 145, fig. 4.

c? . Head and collar dark red-brown ; thorax, abdomen, and fore
wing grey, irrorated with dark-brown scales, the last with traces of
waved lines ; an antemedial triangular patch on the costa and larger
medial patch extending to lower angle of cell and with two black
specks on it ; outer area suffused with brown, with pale waved
submarginal and marginal hnes. Hind wing fuscous ; underside
paler, with cell-spot, postmedial and submarginal lines.
JJab. Nilgiris. Exj). 24 millim.

2096. Metachrostis brnnnea, Hmpsn. III. Het. viii, p. 74, pi. 145,

tig. 11.

$ . Head, thorax, and abdomen fuscous, the last with slightly
paler segmental rings. Pore wing brown, thickly iiTorated and
suffused with dai-k brown and with slight traces of waved transverse
lines ; some indistinct black spots on costa ; a dark patch on outer
margin below apex : a marginal series of black specks. Hind wing
dark fuscous.

Eah. Mlgiris. Exp. 22 millim.

b. Fore iving with the outer margin excurved at centre.

2097. Metachrostis excisa, Ilmpsn. III. Het. viii, p. 76, pi. 146, fig. 21.

Head, thorax, and abdomen dark red-brown. Fore wing suffused
with grey and rufous ; indistinct subbasal, antemedial, postmedial,
and submarginal waved lines, the postmedial line highly excurved
beyond the cell ; the orbicular represented by a speck ; the reni.

MBTACTIROSTIS. — NAEANGA.

333

form with slight black outline ; a dark triangular patch on the
costa before apex, with three rufous costal specks on it ; cilia bright
rufous. Hind wing dark fuscous, the cilia rufous. Underside :
fore wing with dark striae on the costa towards apex and ochreous
streaks on the veins near outer margin ; hind wing with cell-spot,
curved postmedial line, and submarginal series of ochreous spots.
Hah. Nilgiris. Ex^. 26 mimm.

2098. Metachrostis emarginata, Hmpsn. III. Het. viii, p. 76, pi. 145,

Dark violaceous grey ; palpi blacki.sh. Fore wing with indistinct
subbasal line ; a waved antemedial line angled at middle and arising
from a chocolate spot on the costa ; a large triangular medial costal
patch, its outer edge defined by white and with a waved line arising
from it ; reniform large and ill-defined ; the postmedial line highly
excurved beyond cell and bent outwards towards inner margin ; a
large truncate triangular costal patch before apex, with three white
costal specks on it, its outer edge defined by white ; an irregularly
waved submarginal line. Hind wing dai-k fuscous ; underside with
cell-spot and irregularly curved indistinct postmedial line.

Hah. Simla ; Nilgu-is. Exp. 23 milhm.

Genus NAEANGA.

Naranga, Moore, P. Z. S. 1881, p. 359.
Type, N. diffusa, Wlk.

Earuje. Japan; Tormosa; throughout India, Ceylon, and
Burma ; Java.

Palpi with the 2nd joint reaching above vertex of head and
smoothly scaled, the 3rd minute; antennae somewhat thickened,
annulate, and minutely ciliated in male ; thorax and abdomen
without tufts. Pore wing with veins 7, 8, 9 stalked. Hind wing
with veins 3 and 4 from cell or on a short stalk.

2099. Naranga diffusa, Wlk. Cat. xxxiii, p. 779 ; C. 8f 8. no. 1814.

Naranga quadrivittata, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 134 ; C. ^ S. no. 1815.
Naranga ferruginea, Moore, Lej). Atk. p. 134 ; C. Sc 8. no. 1813.

d" . Head, thorax, and abdomen
brownish ochreous. Pore wing
bright straw-yellow ; the basal
area ferruginous red ; a medial
oblique ferruginous band; a broad
marginal ferruginous band ; cilia
yellow. Hind wing smoky black,
the cilia yellow. Underside dark
fuscous; the costa of fore wing

Fig. 177.
Naranga diffusa, ^.

and outer margin of both wings yellow

33-1

WOOTUIDiE.

2 . Paler yellow. Tore wing without the basal red patch, the
medial baad narrow and somewhat indistinct; the marginal rufous
markings reduced to an indistinct narrow oblique band from the
apex. Hind wing and underside ochreous, sometimes suffused
slightly with fuscous.

The form quaclriviUata has the medial band obsolescent from the
costa to vein 2.

Hah. Japan; Formosa; Dharmsala ; Peninsular India and
Ceylon; Burma; Java. Exp., J 18, $ 22 millim.

2100. Naranga curvifera, Wlk. Ti •cms. Ent. Soc. 3rd ser. i, p. 91 :

C. l5; S. no. 1906.
Erastria securifera, Wllc. Joiirn. Linn. Soc. yii, p. 58.
Hyela senna, Swinh. Trans. Ent. Soc. 1891, p. 148, pi. 8, fig. 14.

Plead, thorax, and abdomen pale brown. Pore wing brown ; a
broad white costal band slightly suffused with brown and expanding
in and beyond the end of cell, where it encloses a brown spot ; a
marginal brown-suffused white band. Hind wing fuscous.

Hah. Ceylon; Eangoon; Borneo. Ex_p. 16 millim.

2101. Naranga albistriga, Hmiisn. HI. JEet. ix, p. 96, pi. 162, fig. 4.

$ . Head, thorax, and abdomen pale brown. Pore wing pale
brown, the basal half darkest and with oblique edge ; a white fascia
in the ceU expanding into a triangular spot at end of it ; reniform
indistinct and white, with a brownish centre ; an indistiuct white
line from it to inner margin ; a whitish subapical lunule bounding
a dark patch on the margin. Hind wing fuscous.

Hah. Ceylon. Exp. 26 millim.

Genus RIVTJLA.
Eivula, Guen. Dup. Cat. Lep. Eur. p. 206 (1844).
Type, R. sericealis, Schiff.

liange. Nearctic, Palssarctic, Oriental, and Australian regions.

Palpi porrect, the 2nd joint thickly scaled, the 3rd minute ; a
sharp frontal tuft ; antennae minutely ciliated ; thorax and
abdomen smoothly scaled ; the typical section has the tibias of male
nearly naked. Fore wing with the apex nearly rectangular;
veins 7, 8, 9 stalked. Hind wing with veins 3 and 4 stalked.

Sect. IT. Hind tibise of male vrith a small tuft of curved scales
from extremity on outer side.

2102. Eivula hioculalis, Moore, P. Z. S 1877, p. 614 ; C. ^- S. no. 3025.
Ilydrelia opalescens, Butl. III. Het. vii, p. 64, pi. 129, fig. 10.
Ilydrelia auripalpis, Bittl. III. Het. vii, p. 64, pi. 129, fig. 8.
Hydi-elia palUda, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 197 ; C. S. no. 3028.

Rivur.A.

335

Rivula trilineata, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 291.

Meranda iucouspiciia, Butl. Trans. Ent. Soc. 1881, p. 583.

Yellow-brown ; the palpi yellow. Fore wing with a series of
white specks on the costa; an indistinct, antemedial, highly
angled line ; two black specks at end of ceU on a grey patch ; a

Fig. 178. — Eivula biooulalis, cJ. I.

postmedial waved line excurved round end of cell ; a marginal
series of black and white specks. Hind wing suffused with fuscous.

Trilineata = opalescens is a large bright form with the post-
medial line of fore wing almost straight from near apex to inner
margin ; auripalpis is smaller and very dark red-brown, the hind
wing dark.

hah. Himalayas; Khasis; Calcutta ; Nilgii'is ; Ceylon ; Burma;
Andamans ; Borneo. Exp. 16-24 millim.

2103. Eivula hasalis, Hmpsn. HI. Het. viii, p. 101, pi. 148, fig. 3.

Head, thorax, and abdomen dark red-brown. Pore wing with
the basal area dark red-bi'own, bounded by a curved ochreous
antemedial li:ie ; two dark specks at end of cell ; an ochreous line
from middle of costa, angled outwards to near apex, then oblique
to inner margin; some pale specks on costa towards apex ; a
marginal series of black specks. Hind wing dark fuscous.

Some specimens are much paler, being greyish red-brown.

Hab. Mlgiris ; Ceylon. £'a;^5. 18 millim.

Sect. III. Mid and hind tibiae of male fringed with long hair.

2104. Eivula renalis, Moore, Lep. Ceyl. iii, p. 2.50 ; C. Sf S. no. 30-37.

Head and thorax ochreous brown ; abdomen fuscous. Tore
wing ochreous brown ; an antemedial series of black specks ; a
large black spot at end of cell : an obliquely curved postmedial
series of black specks ; a marginal series of specks. Hind wing
dark fuscous. Underside with the costa of fore wing ochreous ;
hind wing oahreous, with lunule at end of cell.

Ilah. Ceylon. Exp. 22 millim.

2105. Eivula hiatomea, Moore, P. Z. 8. 1883, p. 29 ; C. Sf S. no. 3034.

cJ . Pale ochreous. Fore wing irrorated with fuscous, especially
on outer area; the base of costa dark ; two black specks at end of
cell ; an indistinct curved submarginal series of dark specks, and

336

NOCTUIDjD.

marginal prominent series. Hind wing with tlie inner half fuscous
brown ; a marginal series of dark speclts.
Hah. Nilgiris ; Ceylon. Exp. 28 miliim.

2106. Eivula ochracea, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 197 ; C. 8^ 8. no. 3036,

Rivula biatomea, Butl. 111. Met. vii, p. 17 {nec Moore).

5 . Bright straw-yellow. Fore Aving with two black specks at
end of cell ; a marginal series of minute specks. Hind wing
suiSused with fuscous.

Hah. Dharmsala ; Calcutta. E.vp. 16 miliim.

Genus TATHODELTA.

Tathodelta, Hmpsn. 111. Het. ix, p. 135 (1893).

Type, T. purpurascens, Hmpsn.
Range. Ceylon.

Palpi upturned, reaching vertex of head, the 2ud joint tliickly
scaled, the 3rd minute ; antennas of male with long fasciculated
cilia ; thorax and abdomen smoothly scaled, the latter long with
large anal tuft in male. Fore wing with the apex rounded ; veins
7, 8, 9 stalked ; 10, 11 stalked. Hind wing with veins 3, 4 stalked.

2107. Tathodelta purpurascens, Hmpsn. III. Het. ix, p. 135, pi. 168,
fig. 15.

S . Head and collar chestnut ; thorax greyish fuscous ; abdomen
hrown. Fore wing brown, suffused wdth grey ; traces of an ante-
medial waved line ; two black specks at end of cell ; a postmedial

Fig. 179. — Tathodelta purpurascens, \.

line excurved round cell ; traces of an irregular submarginal line ;
a marginal series of black specks. Hind wing fuscous.
Hah. Ceylon. Exp. 24 miliim.

Genus CINGALESA, nov.

Type, 0. strigicosta, Hmpsn.
lianqe. Ceylon.

Palpi upturned, the 2nd joint reaching vertex of head, the
3rd minute; thorax and abdomen without tufts. Fore wing
with vein 6 absent ; 8, 9, 10 stalked. Hind wing with veins 3, 4
and 6, 7 stalked.

CINGALES.V. PACHYLEPIS.

337

21 OS. Cin^alesa strigicosta, Umpsn. III. Het. ix, p. 100, pi. 102,
fig. 14.

? . Head and collar black ; thorax yellowish white ; abdomen
fuscous. Eore wing ochreous ; costa black, with some black and
white strig;sB on it ; subbasal and antemedial lines represented by a

Fig. ISO. — Cingalesa strigicosta, cS ■ h

few black scales ; the postmedial black line indistinct and excurved
round the traces of a brownish reniform ; outer margin and cilia
black, expanding into a patch below the apex. Hind wing and
underside fuscous black, the latter with cell-spot and postmedial
line to hind wing.

Bab. Ceylon. Exp. 20 millim.

Genus PACHYLEPIS.

Pa'jliylepis, Feld. Bets. Nov., Erkl. pis. 76-107, p. 7 (1864).

Type, P. diledissima, Wlk.

Range. S. India ; Ceylon ; Burma ; Borneo.

Palpi upturned, short, smoothly scaled, and not reaching vertex
of head ; antennae simple, somewhat thickened in the male ; thorax
and abdomen without tufts. Fore wing with the cilia non-cren-
ulate ; veins 7, 8, 9, 10 stalked. Hind wing with veins 3, 4 and
6, 7 from angles of cell.

2109. Pachylepis dilectissima, Wlk. Cat. xv, p. 1751.

Pachylepis limacodina, Feld, Rcis. Nov. pi. 83, fig. 12.

Head and thorax bright ferruginous, the vertex of head, collar,
and metathorax with sulphur-yellow patches ; abdomen black
with narrow white rings, and the anal tuft white. Fore wing

Fig. 181. — Pachylepis dilectissima, cj. |.

ferruginous with a yellow patch ; a series of costal specks : a
medial series of spots consisting of a large spot on the costa, two
towards inner margin, and two small spots art middle ; a series of

VOL. 11. »

338:

NOCTUIDjE,

large marginal and cilial spots and two specks on inner margin.
Ilind wing black, with a series of white cilial spots. Underside
variegated with white.

The Bornean race has the outer of the two central spots of the
medial band larger.

Ilab. Nilgiris ; Ceylon ; Borneo. Exp., ,3 24, 2 30 millim.

2110. Pachylepis dicycla, Wlk. Cat. xxxv, p. 1964; C.l^ S. no. 1833.

Head and thorax bright sulphur-yellow and ferruginous ; ab-
domen ochreous. Fore wing bright sulphur-yellow ; the basal
area variegated with ferruginous ; a figure-o£-8 mark at end of
cell ; outer area ferruginous, with a series of yellow triangular
marginal marks and the cilia spotted with yellow. Hind wing
white with broad fuscous marginal band. Underside whitish.

Eah. " N. India " ; Eangoon. Exj.). 24 millim.

Genus EUBLEMMA.

Eubleunna, Hiibn. Verz. p. 256 (1818).

Anthophila, Oc/is. Eur. Schmett. iv, p. 93 (1816) (prfEOCc).

Porphyrinln, Hiilm.. Verz. p. 256 (1818).

Eronoine, Hiilm. Verz. p. 256.

Heliomanes, Sodoffsky, Bull. Soo. Nat. Mosc. pt. x, p. 16 (1837).
Micra, Guen. Ann. Soc. Eiit. Fr. x, p. 225 (1841).
Mestleta, Wlk. Cat. xxxiii, p. 829 (1865).

Type, E. respersa, Hiibn., from Europe.

llange. N. and S. America ; Africa ; Palsearctic and Oriental
regions ; Australasia.

Palpi upturned and reaching just above vertex of head, the 3rd
joint short ; antennae minutely ciliated in male ; thorax and
abdomen smoothly scaled ; legs short, the tibiaj moderately hairy.
Tore wing with the apex somewhat produced and depressed ; veins
6 and 7 from angle of cell; 8, 9, 10 stalked from before the angle.
Hind wing with veins 3, 4 and 6, 7 from angles of cell.

LarvcB with two pairs of abdominal prologs.

Sect. I. Male with no pit in the membrane of fore wing
towards apex, which is somewhat acute.

2111. Euhlemma bulla, Sivinh. P. Z. S. 1884, p. 518, pi. 47, fig. 9;
C. 8r S. no. 1880. , ^

Mariiiiatha pura, Sivhih. P. Z. S. 1885, p. 456, pi. 28, fig. 16;
C. ^- S. no. 1868.

J . Ochreous white. Pore wing with a few black scales at
middle and end of cell, near inner margin and at outer ang e.
Hind wing pure white; fuscous towards outer margiu in the
Simla specimen.

Mab. Simla ; Karachi ; Poona. Exp. 20 milhm.

ET7BMMMA.

339

2112. EiiWemma pulclira, Stc-mh. P. Z. S. 1886, p. 451; C. ^ S.

uo. l'OiJo.

cf . Head and collar oehreous while ; thorax pale pink ; ab-
domen pale fuscous. Pore wing pinkish white ; some oehreous
suilusion in and below the cell ; some irregularly dentate white
marks on the apicah part of outer margin, defined inwardly by
dark sulfusion. Hind wing fuscous.

Hab. Mhow. Kvp. 23 millim.

2113. Euhlemma amabilis, Moore, Lop. Ceyl. iii, p. 54 1)1 160

fig. 12 ; C. ^ S. no. 1909. J ' f , v

Oehreous white. Fore wing with antemedial dilfused brown,
line, angled outwards in cell, the area beyond it sufEused with
pink except at costa ; an irregularly dentate submarginal whitish
line with diiiused brown on its inner edge ; the area beyond it
slightly suffused with pink except at costa. Hind wing with
the base pale ; an indistinct antemedial brown line ; a submarginal
pale line excurved at centre, with a brown patch on its inner side
and dilfused pink beyond it.

Hah. Ceylon. Exp. 24 millim.

2114. Eiiblemma virginea, Guen. Noct. ii, p. 248.

Hypena quinquelinealis, Moore, P. Z. 8. 1877, p. 612 ; C. &■ S.
no. 2907.

Head and collar bright orange-fulvous. Fore wing white, more
or less suffused with pink ; the costa yellowish ; tvvo postmedial
dark lines highly angled at vein 6 ; a vvhite patch at apex with a
pink spot on it ; a pale marginal line. Hind wing whitish

The specimen from Simla has the fore wing sufEused with fuscous
instead of pink ; the apical spot brown ; the hind wing pale
fuscous, with indistinct postmedial line. The specimens'^ from
New Guinea and Australia have an indistinct submarginal line to
the fore wing.

Hab. Simla ; Burma ; Andamans ; Java ; New Guinea ;
Austraha. Exp. 22 mUlim.

2115. Euhlemma polygramma, Dup. iii, Suppl. p. 519, pi. 44, 3 a, h.

Aiithophilii argillaoea. Euersm. Faun. Lep. Voff/.- Urnl. ii, p. 3;39.
Thalpochares nuda, Christ. Stettin. Ent. Zeit. 1862, p. 221.

Differs from virginea in being paler. Fore wing with only one
line, which is more acutely angled and white ; the costa white.
Hind wing with a white medial line.

Hah. Europe ; Dharmsala. Exp. 18 millim.

2110. Euhlemma acontioides, Moore, Zra. p. 179 ^1 6 fio- 1/;.

r;. c^- -S'. no. 2799. ^ ' f • iJn- ^'J ,

Me^Uetii interrupta, Moore, Lep. Ceyl. iii. p. 209, pi. 175, fig. 7 ;

z 2

340

s'octuid;e.

Whitish ; the head and collar chestnut. Pore wing with some
hlack specks on the basal half ; a diffused oblique brown band
from the apex to centre of inner margin ; a postmedial line from
the costa to A^ein 3 ; an indistinct series of submarginal specks.
Hind wing with a brown patch on the centre of inner margin :
the outer margin BufEused with fuscous.

Hah. Calcutta ; Ceylon ; Java. Ewp. 16 millim.

2117. Eublemma futilis, Swinh. P. Z. S. 1884, p. 517, pi. 47, fig. 8;
C. ^ S. no. 1798.

2 . White. Pore wing with a short subbasal line ; waved ante-
and postmedial lines, the latter excurved round cell, the area
between them fuscous, with a few rufous scales and dark lunule on
discocellulars ; the outer area suffused with fuscous. Hind wing
with the inner and outer areas suffused with fuscous.

ITab. Karachi. E.vp. 16 millim.

2118. Eublemma rosita, Guen. Nod. ii. p. 245.

Micva dero^ata, Wlh. Cat. xii, p. 825; Moore, Lep. Ccyl. m,
pi. 150, fig. 18 ; C.8; 8. no. 1881.
Head, thorax, and abdomen ochreous white. Fore wing with
the basal area ochreous white, bounded by a very obhque fulvous
line, beyond which the area is bright pink; the outer margin
white suffused with fulvous ; two white spots near outer angle,

Fig. 182. — Eublemma rosita, cj.

with some black scales on their outer edge. Hind ^ing pale,
suffused with fuscous towards outer margin ; some specimens have
the pink area somewhat restricted.

Bab. Arabia; throughout India and Ceylon; Eormosa; Aus-
tralia. Sxp. 14-18 millim.

2119. Eublemma voseana, Moore, P. Z. S. 1881, p. 370 ; C. Sr S.
no. 1896.

Differs from rosita in the fore wing having the line inwardly
bounding the pink patch curved, its outer edge bounded by a
shuious hne eicur,'ed round end of ceU ; the white spots neax
outer angle absent. „

Hah. N.W. Himalayas ; Sikhim ; W. and S. India. Aij>.

14 millim.

ETIBLIMMA.

341

2120. Eutlemma rivula, Moore, Lap. Atk. p. 140 ; C. 8f S. no. 1895.
Micra chalybea, Swinh. P. Z. S. 1884, p. 618, pi. 47, fig. 10 ;

C. Sf S. no. 1900.

Differs from roseana in having no pink between the medial
oblique Hue and excurved postmedial line.

Hab. Peninsular India ; Australia. Exp. 14 millim.

2121. EuWemma parva, Huhn. Eur. Schmett, Noct. fig. 356.
Thalpochares parvula, Moore, P. Z. S. 1881, p. 369; C. Sf S.

no. 1893.

Differs from rivula in the medial line of the fore wing being
less oblique ; the postmedial line less exeurved beyond the cell.
Hah. Europe; Bombay. Ea-p. 16-18 miUim.

2122. Euhlemma albida, Moore, P. Z. S. 1881, p. 370; C. ^- S.

no. 1890.

Differs from rivula in the ground-colour being pure white ; the
submarginal line not bent inwards at costa and towards inner
margin, but sinuous and angled inwards at vein 3. ■

Mab. Bombay. Exp. 14 millim.

2123. Eublemma bifasciata, Moore, P. Z. S. 1881, p. 371 ; C. Sr S.

no. 1891.

"White ; the collar ochreous. Fore wing with the base of costa
ochreoLis yellow ; a broad yellow medial band ; the outer area
yellow with sinuous inner edge.

Hab. Allahabad. Exp. 12 millim.

2124. Eublemma cretacea, JImiJsn. III. Het. ix, p. 96, pi. 162, fig. 17.

2. Pure white ; head and collar reddish brown. Fore wing
■with a short subbasal fuscous line ; a sinuous antemedial line ; the
medial area slightly suffused with grey ; a postmedial line exeurved
round the reniform, which has a blackish outline ; some sub-
marginal patches of grey shading ; a subapical black speck ; some
rufous on apical part of margin. Hind wing with traces of post-
medial, submarginal, and marginal diffused fuscous Imes.

Hah. Ceylon. Exp. 18 millim.

2125. Euhlemma divisa, Moore, P. Z. S. 1881, p. 371 ; id. Zep. Ceyl.

iii, pi. 150, fig. 10 ; a Sf S. no. 1882.

Head, thorax, and abdomen pale bright yellow, the thorax
slightly tinged with pink. Fore wing with the basal half yellow,
bounded by a slightly oblique white and black line, beyond which
the area is bright pink with a slight cupreous tinge ; an indistinct
slightly sinuous submarginal line. Hind wing yellow.

The African form has the submarginal line of fore wing pure
white.

J/ab. Accra, W. Africa ; Bombay ; Sikhim ; Bengal ; Ganjam ;
Ceylon. Exp. 18 millim.

342

NOCTUIDjE.

2126. Eublemma hemirhoda, WlJc. Cat, xxxiii, p. 709 ; C. & S,

no. 188:-!.

Anthophila roseifascia, Wlk. Cat. xxxiii, p. 80.S.
Thalpochares adiilans, Feld. Reis. Nov. pi. 108, Q^. 11.

Bright ocbreous yellow. Pore wing with the outer half bright
rosy pinls:, bounded inwardly by an oblique white line ; a sub-
marginal ochreous baud not reaching the costa ; cilia whitish at
extremities. Hind wing ochreous, fuscous towards outer margin,
with patches of pink on vein 1 and at anal angle.

Hab. Ganjam ; Ceylon ; Java ; N. Gumea. Exp. 22 millim.

2127. Eublemma olivacea, Wllc. Cat. xii, p. 795 ; C. S,- S. no. 184.3.
Anthophila nebulifera, Wlk. Cat. xxxiii, p. 802 ; C. ^- S. no. 1887.

Ochreous white. Fore wing slightly suffused with brown ;
traces of subbasal, autemedial, medial, and postmedial pale lines,
a large triangular olive-green patch on the outer area, with an
excision on its upper edge, above which is a black speck, and
joined to an olive patch on the discocellulars, on whicli is a black
line ; some rufous suffusion above end of cell. Hind wing white,
in some specimens suffused with fuscous towards ouler niarghi.

Mab. Punjab ; Coimbatore ; Ceylon. Kz-p. 22-26 millim.

2128. Eublemma obscura, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 178, pi. 6, fig. 10;

C. S( S.ao. 2795.

5 . Head and collar black-brown ; thorax grey in front, reddish
behind ; abdomen fuscous with slight pale rings, reddish at base.
Fore wing ochreous suffused with fuscous brown and with a slight
reddish tinge; indistinct waved ante- and postmedial lines, the
area between them darker, the latter excurved to costa, where it
has a white speck on it ; some white specks ou costa towards apex,
traces of a sinuous submarginal line. Hind wing fuscous brown,
with indistinct medial line, the area beyond it paler ; a margmal
ochreous line to both wmgs.

Hab. Sikhim. Exp. 24 milHm.

2129. Eublemma abrnpta, Wlk. Cat. xxxiii, p. 830 : Moore, Lep.

Ceyl. iii. pi. 174, figs. 2, 2 a (larva) ; C. ^ S. no. 2798.

Pale red-brown ; head and collar dark chestnut. Pore, wing
with some dark specks in the cell ; a postmedial chestnut line,
which is highly angled at vein 6 and double from there to inner
margin ; two submarginal curved series of black and wliite specks ;
an apical pale patch, with some dark suffusion round it. Hnid
wing with double oblique medial line, and postmedial and sub-
marginal series of black and white specks. Underside grey,
suffused with reddish aiyl irrorated with black ; the basal area of
fore wing orange. '

Lnrva reddish, with black streaks, lateral dots, and yellow trans-
verse stripes; paired obhque white stripes across 9th and lOlh

BTTBLEMMA.

343

somites ; the 5th, 6th, 7th, and 11th somites with dorsal promi-
nences ; the 3rd, 4th, and 5th each with four spatiilate dorsal
filaments. Food-plant Ficus. Pupa in a small cocoon attached to
a leaf.

Mab. Bombay; Poona ; Ceylon. ^Ir^. 20 millim.

2130. Eublenuna angulifera, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 179 ; id. Lep. Ceyl.

ui, pi. 176, figs. 2, 2 a (larva) ; C. Sf S. no. 2800.

Differs from ahrupta in being suffused with purplish pinli.
Wings with but faint traces of the two submargitial series of
specks. Pore wing with no pale patch at apex. Underside bright
ochreous.

Larva red-brown, without spatulate filaments. Pupa in a small
dark red cocoon.

Hah. Ceylon. Exp. 24 millim.

2131. Eublemma duplexa, Moore, P. Z. S. 1877, p. 611, pi. 60, fig. 5 ;

C. ^- S. no. 2804.

2 . Orange-yellow, with a brownish tinge. Pore wing with
faint antemedial and medial strigae from the costa ; a postmedial
oblique brown line angled below the costa and with an ill-defined
purplish-grey band beyond it ; some submarginal blackish specks.
Hind wing with the obhque brown fine medial, and the purplish
band better defined.

Hab. Andamans. Exp. 22 millim.

Sect. II. Fore wing with the apex produced into a slight lobe.

2132. Eublemma quadrapex, ^wjjjsw. mt. viii, p. 91, pi. 147,

fig. 15.

2 . Bright yellow. P'ore wing with some dark specks in the
cell ; a postmedial line very highly angled at rein 6, with a sinuous
line beyond it, the area between them purple ; a pinkish-white
patch on the costa before apex, which is purplish with a deep
chestnut spot ; a dentate submarginal line. Hind wing with an
oblique medial chestnut band, wdth an irregularly dentate line
beyond it, the area between them purple ; traces of a submarginal
series of black specks ; cilia of both wings chestnut, the tips white
with a bright pink line through thorn.

Hab. Mlgiris ; E. Pegu. Exp. 24 milhm.

Sect. III. Male with the membrane of fore wing depressed, and
forming a slight pit below the costa towards the apex.

2133. Eublemma trifasciata, Moore, P. Z. S. 1881, p. 370, pi. 38,

fig. 21 ; C. <S'. no. 1897.
Thalpochares quadrilineata, Moore, P. Z. S. 1881, p. 370, pi. 38,

fig. 14 ; a L^- S. no. 1894.
Mestleta baccalix, SiDinh. P. Z. S. 1886, p. 452, pi. 40, fio-. 7-

C. <^6'. no. 2801.
Mestleta fasciosa, Moore, Lep. Ceyl. iii, p. 652, pi. 214, fig. 12.

344

HOCI'UIDjE,

S . Head, thorax, abdomen, and fore wing greyish rufous ; the
last with auteaiedial, medial, postmedial, and submarginal almost
straight oblique pale lines. Hind wing pale yellow, reddish
towards outer margin.

Hab. Karachi ; Mhow ; Mahableshwar ; Ganjam ; Ceylon.
Ea-2:>. 22 miUlm.

Genus TROCTOPTERA.

Troctoptera, Hmpsn. III. Het. ix, p. 99 (1893).

Type, T. eruhescens, Hmpsn.
Mange. Khasis ; Ceylon.

Palpi slender and porrect; antennse simple, the basal joint
thickened; thorax and abdomen smoothly scaled. Eore wing with
the inner margin somewhat lobed towards base ; vein 5 from above
angle of cell; 7, 8, 9 stalked. Hind wing with the costa excised
before apex ; veins 3 and 4 stalked ; 6 and 7 from upper angle
of cell.

2134. Troctoptera erubescens, Hmpsn. III. Bet. ix, p. 99, pi. 157,
fig. 16.

S . Pinkish white. Fore wing with the apical area nearly pure
white, the pinkish area tinged with brown outwardly; a black

speck at centre of cell ; a short
reddish medial baud between

yvein 2 and inner margin,
traces of a curved submarginal
line with two minute black
specks on it at middle and
another above a black patch
^ on inner margin. Hind Mdng

'Fig. ISZ.—Troctuptera embesaens, S ■ \- whiter; a rufous j)atch at

middle of costa, with a quad-
rate white spot on it and a yellowish patch beyond it on the
costa ; a diffused submarginal rufous line.
Hub. Khasis ; Ceylon. Exp. 20 millim.

Genus ZAGIRA.

Zagira, Wlk. Cat. xxxv, p. 1637 (1866).
Gyrognatha, Hnqosn. III. Het. ix, p. 134 (1893).

Type, Z. acidaliaria, Wlk.

Range. Japan ; throughout India, Ceylon, and Burma ; Borneo ;
Austraha.

Differs from Eublemma in vein 8 of the fore wing being given
off from 7 and anastomosing with 9 to form the areole ; the legs
longer and more slender ; palpi with the 3rd joint longer ; abdo-
jnen with slight dorsal tufts.

Larvce with two pairs of abdominal prolegs.

ZAGIHA.

345

Sect. I. Palpi with the 3rd joint of moderate length ; fore
wing with vein 10 given off from the areole.

2135. Zagira irrecta, WlIc Cat. xxxiii, p. 1066 ; Moore, JLep. Ceyl. iii,

pi. 174, figs. 1,1a (larva) ; C. ^- S. no. 2a06.
Selenis niviapex, Wlh. Cat. xxxiii, p. 1069.
Kelenis vacillans, Wlk. Journ. Limi. Soc. vii, p. 189.
Selenis inffiqualis, Wlk. Journ. Linn. Soc. vii, p. 189.

Head and collar chestnut ; thorax white, suffused with purplish
grey; abdomen fulvous; wings red-brown; fore wing with a broad
white purplish-suffused fascia on the costal area ; a postmedial
whitish line highly angled at vein 6 and slightly sinuous towards
inner margin ; two black subapical specks on white or ochreous

spots ; a white spot at apex and
another on outer margin below
the apex ; a marginal series of
black specks. Hind wing with
indistinct irregularly sinuous
medial and postmedial lines.
Underside with the base of wings
Y\g.l?>4..—Zagirairrecta,(S. \. reddish.

The African and Indian forms
are darkest ; the Bornean inwqualis and vacillans are paler chestnut,
the latter Mith the postmedial line of fore wing almost straight
towards inner margin.

Larva purplish black, with short hairs ; a dorsal hump on 11th
somite. Pupa in a reddish cocoon.

Hab. W. Africa ; Natal; throughout India, Ceylon, and Burma;
Andamans ; Borneo. U.rp. 24 millim.

2136. Zagira divisa, Wlk. Trans. Ent. Soc (3) i, p. 107 ; Moore, Lep.

Ceyl. iii, pi. 174, fig. 7 ; C. 8^ S. no. 2803.
Selenis semilux, Wlk. Cat. xxxiii, p. 1069.
Selenis lauta, Butl. III. Ret. ii, p. 44, pi. 34, fig. 1.

Differs from irrecta in the colour being red-brown or black-
brown ; tiie head black or chestnut ; the thorax and costal area of
the fore wing pure white, or suffused with reddish ochreous ; the
subapical markings absent, the fascia being continued to the
margin.

Uab. Japan ; China ; throughout India and Ceylon. Eccp. 20
millim.

2137. Zagira lunifera, Moore, Lep. Ceyl. iii, p. 209, pi. 175, fig. 3 ;

C. c5- S. no. 2807.

Differs from irr-ecta in the 3rd joint of palpus being longer; the
thorax and costal fascia suffused with reddish ochreous ; fore wing
with the postmedial line bent inwards and broken up into a series
of dark specks towards inner mai-gin ; a white lunule on the sub-
marginal line below the subapical specks, the line being ochreous

340

NOCTUIDyE.

ami oblique from tbe lunule to inner margin ; a dark dash from
the lower end of lunule to outer margin. Hind wing with an
ochreous curved submarginal line.

Huh. Aska, Ganjam; Ceylon. Exp. 26 millim.

2138. Zagira longipalpis, Wlk. Cat. xxxiii, p. 10G8; C. ^ S. no. 2794.

Differs from lunifera in the ground-colour being black-brown ;
the costal fascia more suffused with ochreous and continued almost
to the margiu, obliterating the subapical markings ; a white spot
instead of the lunule; a submarginal curved series of ochreous
specks. Hind wing with a submarginal series of ochreous specks.

Hab. Moulmein. Exp. 26 millim.

2139. Zagira reticulata, Moore, Lep. Ath. p. 178, pi. -vi, fio-. 9 :

C. ^ 8. no. 2796. f > i > o ,

Differs from irrecta in the head and collar being white. Tore
wing with white lines along median nervure and discocellulars,
enclosing a space at end of cell ; a straight line thence to inner
margin; the costal fascia not extending to the apex and connected
by two white hnes to a whitish patch, with three dark specks on it,
on the outer margiu ; an indistinct line from the patch to outer
angle. Hind wing with a ring-mark at end of cell ; a medial line
excurved round end of cell ; a submarginal line.

Bab. Dalhousie ; Sikhim. Exp. 24 millim.

2140. Zagira multiguttata, Moore, Lep. Ceijl. iii, p. 210, pi. 174,

fig. 8; C.l^S. no. 2808.

Eright red-brown ; head and collar deep chestnut ; a white line
behind tbe collar ; abdomen with white specks. Fore wing with
traces of antemedial and postmedial waved lines with minute white
specks on them ; a white spot at centre of cell and larger spot at
end of it ; submarginal and marginal series of white specks ; a
white spot at apex and two subapical spots. Hind wing ^\^th a
few white specks on the basal area and very numerous spots on
the outer half.

Hob. Nagas ; Ceylon. E.vp. 20 millim.

2141. Zagira contentaria, Wlh. Cat. xxii, p. 639.

Chusai-is punctilinealis, Wlk. Cat. xxxiv, p. 1175; Hmpsn. III.
Het. ix, pi. 167, fig. 27 ; C. Sf S. no. 2935.

Ochreous, suffused with rufous and irrorated with black ; the
frons white. Fore wing with black speck at base ; an indistinct
waved antemedial line ; two white-ringed black specks at end of
cell ; a postmedial series of white specks incurved below end of
cell. Hind wing with black speck in cell ; curved postmedial
series of white specks ; both wings with marginal series of black
specks.

Uctb. Nilgiris ; Ceylon ; Borneo. E.vp. 22 millim.

ZAGIBA. — CORGATHA.

347

Sect. 11. Palpi with the 3rd joint miuute ; fore wing with
vein 10 given off after the areole.

2142. Zagira acidaliaria, TVlk. Cat. xxxv, p. 1638.

Gyroguatlm atriceps, Ilmpsn. III. Hct. ix, p. 134, pi. 168, fig. 10.

J . Differs hom inmctilinealisin being pinkish brown ; the head
black. Hind wing with two black specks at end of cell ; an
ochreous patch on postmedial line at inner margin.

Hah. Ceylon; Borneo. Exp. 24 millira.

Genus CORGATHA.

Corgatha, Wlk. Cat. xvi, p. 215 (1858).
Zitua, Wlk. Cat. xxxiv, p. 1276 (1865).

Type, C. zonalis, Wlk.

liange. Japan ; Sikhim ; Manipnr ; Nilgiris ; Ceylon ; Borneo.
Differs from Zagira in the palpi being porrect ; the 2nd joint
triangularly scaled, the 3rd minute ; abdomen not tufted.

Sect. I. The outer margin of fore wing not excised below apex
nor angled at centre, of hind wing not angled at centre.

2143. Corgatha rubra, Hmijsn. III. Het. Vm, p. 92, pi. 147, fig. 16.

Brick-red ; head with a whitish band between the base of
aiitennse. Pore wing with the costa black-

/isb, white at apex ; a black speck at end of
cell ; a pale postmedial line slightly curved
below the costa ; a marginal series of black
specks. Hind wing with black speck at
end of cell; a pale straight medial line j a
marginal series of black specks. Underside
Fig. 185. whitish.
Corgatha rubra, S ■ \- ira6. Nilgiris. £^rp. 24 millim.

2144. Corgatha zonalis, Wlk. Cat xvi, p. 216; Ilmpsn. III. Bet. ix,

pi. 167, lig. 16 ; C.S[ S. no. 2934.

5 . Differs from rubra in being paler ; an oblique antemedial
pale line ; the postmedial line more curved and less angled below
costa. Hind wing with the line postmedial instead of medial.

Ilab. Ceylon. Kvp. 14 millim.

2145. Corgatha costinotalis, Moore, P. Z. S. 1867, p. 83 ; C. ^ S.

uo. 2870.

Capnodes minor, ilfoore, Lep. Ceijl. iii, p. 212, pi. 174, fig. 11;
C. ^ 5. no. 2779.

Brick-red. Pore wing with subbasal, ante- and postmedial
white spots on the costa with dark edges ; traces of antemedial,
medial, and postmedial waved dark lines ; a marginal series oE
black specks. Hind wing with ante- and postmedial indistinct
waved lines. Underside pale, with indistinct cell-spot and post-
medial line to both wings.

Ilab. Sikhim. JSxp. 24 millim.

348

NOCl'UIDiE.

Sect. IT. Fore wiiig with the outer margin excised below apex
and angled at centre.

A. Hind tving ivith outer margin slightly angled at centre.

2146. Corgatha excisa, n. sp.

cJ . Eed-brown, suffused with grey. Fore wing with the veins
grey ; an autemedial pale line angled below the costa ; a dark spot
at end of cell ; a postmedial pale line excurved beyond cell ; an
indistinct irregularly sinuous submarginal line and almost marginal
series of dark specks. Hind wing with the veins grey ; a straight
postmedial pale line, sinuous submarginal and almost marginal
series of dark specks. Underside with the disk of fore wing red.

Hub. Mao, Manipur (Doherty). Kvp. 22 millim. Type in coll.
Elwes.

B. Hi7id wing with outer margin highly angled at centre.

2147. Corgatha falcatalis, n. sp.

2 . Dark red-brown. Fore wing with traces of an antemedial
dark line ; a diffused oblique medial line ; a postmedial waved line
excurved beyond cell ; a dark patch at apex and another at outer
angle. Hind wing with indistinct waved autemedial and medial
lines ; the apical area suffused with black.

Hab. Sikbim (MoUer). Ea^jj. 22 millim. Type in coll. Elwes.

Genus OEUZA.

Oruza, Tf^lk. Cat. xxiv, p. 1089 (18G2).
Arasadn, Moore, Lep. Ceyl. iii, p. 188 (1884).

Type, 0. costata, Wlk.

Eange. Sikhim ; Calcutta: Ceylon; Burma; Java.

Palpi upturned, reachiug vertex of head, the 2nd joint hairy in
front, the 3rd minute ; antennas of male ciliated and with bristles at
the joints ; thorax and abdomen slightly sca'ed. Fore legs witli
the femora and tibiae hairy ; hind legs of male with the tibise and
tarsi fringed with hair on the outer side, the spurs very long and
fringed with short scales ; hind legs with the tibiaj and tarsi
fringed with long hair on both sides and the spurs with scales.
Fore wing rather elongate, the apex rounded ; vein 8 anastomosing
with 9 and 10 to form the areole. Hind wing with veins 3 and 4
stalked.

Larva} with two pairs of abdominal prolegs.

2148. Oruza pyraliformis, Moore, Lep. Ceyl. iii, p. 189, pi. 172, figs. 1,

1 a ^larva) ; C. S. no. 2328.

.d". Brownish ocbreous ; head and collar brown. Wings irro-
rated with black scales ; fore wing wiih the costa whitish and with
three dark specks towards apex ; dentate ante- and postmedial

OEUZA.

3-19

iadistiact dark lines, the latter oblique ; two dark specks at end
of cell ; a series of subinarginal deatate dark spots and three black
subapical spots ; a marginal series of black specks. Hind wing
similar, but without the aatemedial line ; the postmedial Hue with
ochreous outer edge.

Fig. 186. — Oruza pyraliformis, cJ. \.

Larva vnth the head lai'ge and produced upwards ; colour green
with a dorsal yellowish band, lateral sti-eaks and the stigmata
yellow; head and sides of thoracic somites black specified; 1st
somite with lateral purple-brown streaks ; a blackish line between
4th and 5th somites ; some blackish lateral marks on terminal
somites. Pupates in a rolled-up portion of leaf.

Hah. Ceylon ; Java. Exp. 38 millim.

*2149. Oruza ruptifascia, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 290.

Pale pinkish brown ; the head brown. Pore w-ing with in-
distinct oblique antemedial line ; a spot at end of cell ; an oblique
slightly cm-ved postmedial line ; traces of a submarginal line with
two black-bro-mi spots on it below costa. Hind wing with traces
of an antemedial line ; a dark speck at end of cell ; a double post-
medial dark line filled in with white ; two submarginal fuscous
blotches, one near apex, the other towards inner margin ; both
wings with marginal series of black specks.

Hab. Calcutta. Uxp. 2i millim.

*2150. Oruza fratercula, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 290.

Pale red-brown. Pore wing with small ring-spot at lower angle
of cell ; indistinct slightly curved postmedial line and two almost
straight submarginal lines, the outer obsolete lowards costa. Hind
wdng with speck at end of cell and three indistinct slightly curved
lines on outer area : both wings with marginal sei'ies of dark
specks.

Hab. Calcutta. Eaj^. 24 miUim.

2151. Oruza albicosta, n. sp.

§ . Differs from pyraliformis in being reddish ochreous brown ;
a white line behind the collar and white fascia on costa of fore
wing ; the ante- and postmedial lines yellow and waved ; a white
bhick-ringed speck at lower angle of cell ; an irregular submar-
ginal series of yellow spots with a black spot towards outer angle

350

NOCTinD^E.

instead of the dentate marks. Hind wing with tlie two black
specks at end of cell prominent ; the medial line nearly straight
and edged by disconnected white mai'ks.

Hab. Burma. Exp. 28 millim. Type in B. M.

2152. Oruza fasciosa, Moore, Lep. Af.k. p. 290, pi. viii, fig. 21.

$ . Differs from albicosta in being much more orange. Pore
wing with the costa narrowly white; the cell suffused with fuscous ;
the lines replaced by ill-defined bands ; a dark oblique band from
below apex to inner margin. Hind wing with one black speck at
end of cell ; the medial line yellow with dark suffusion inside it ;
two indistinct dark lines on outer area.
Hab. Sikhim. Bxj). 36 millim.

2153. Oruza anisodoides, n. sp.

$ . Ochreous yellow ; head, collar, and fore femora and tibis
black; a red line across the thorax; abdomen irrorated with black,
the terminal segments with pale i-ings. Eore wing with greyish
costal fascia ; double ante- and postmedial and single submarginal
and almost marginal waved reddish lines ; a white black-ringed
spot at end of cell; a marginal series of black specks. Hind wing
with a black sp(!ck at end of cell ; a straight medial obHque black
line with white outer edge ; indistinct postmedial and submarginal
lunulate lines ; a series of marginal black specks.

Hab. Ceylon. (Green). i?a-p. 30 millim. Type in B. M.

2154. Oruza lycaugesaria, Swiiih. Ti •am. ISnt. Sac. 1890, p. 232.

2 . Differs from anisodoides in being whiter. Fore wing \%'ith
a dark vinous streak below the costa towards apex ; an oblique
streak across outer angle ; no ring-spot at end of cell. Hind wing
much suffused with pink and pm-plish fuscous : some yellow beyond
the white of the medial band ; a dark oblique streak below the
apex.

Hab. Eangoon. Ex-p. 26 millim.

2155. Oruza costata, Wlk. Cat. xxiv, p. 1089 ; C. ^- S. do. 3R88.

9 . Deep ferruginous red. Fore wing with an ochreous costal
fascia and some fuscous below it; oblique ante- and postmedial
ochreous lines with fuscous inner edges ; a finer submarginal line
oblique from the costa to vein 4, then dentate to inner margin.
Hind wing with an ochreous line on the discocellulars ; a nearly
straight medial line and submarginal line similar to that on fore
wing ; the veins of both wings pale.

Hab. " India." Exp. 26 millim.

2156. Oruza pallescens, n. sp.

$ . Brownish ochreous ; head fuscous. Fore wing with a dark
subcostal fascia, a black and white speck at lowei- angle of cell ; an
oblique line from lower angle to inner margin ; an oblique band

OEUZ A . — MICB^ESCH tJS.

351

from outer Tna' gin below apex to inner margin, with a black speck
above it and speck beyond it at outer angle. Hind wing with
oblique medial diffused fuscous band and line just beyond its outer
edge ; a fuscous submargiual band with series of dark specks
bevond it.

'Hah. Calcutta. Exp. 23 millim. Type in B. M.

Genus PSEUDACIDALIA, nov.

Type, P. alhicosta, Moore.
Bange. Ceylon ; Burma.

2 . Palpi long, naked, and slender, the 2nd joint reaching above
A'ertex of head, the 3rd long ; antennae minutely ciliated ; thorax
and abdomen smoothly scaled; tibiae not hairy. Fore wing broad,
the apex uearly rectangular ; veins 7, 8, 9, 10 stalked. Hind wing
with vein 5 from below centre of discocellulars.

2157. Pseiidacidalia alhicosta, Moore, Lep. Ceyl. iii, p. 2.32; C. & S.
no. 3030.

$ . Eed-brown ; the head dark ; collar fringed with white.

Fore wing with the costa white,
a dark speck at lower angle
of cell ; an indistinct oblique
postmedial line ; traces of a
waved submarginal line ; a
marginal series of dark specks.
Hind wing with a medial pale
line.

Hah. Ceylon. 34miUim.

Fig. 187. — Fseuclacidalia albicosta, J .

2158. Pseudacidalia undulata, n. sp.

2 . Differs from alhicosta in being rather paler brown. Fore
wing with traces of a waved antemedial line ; the postmedial line
waved ; a dark speck at middle of cell. Hind wing with indistinct
w'aved ante- and postmedial pale lines.

Hah. E. Pegu {Doherty). Exp. 28 millim. Type in coll. Elwes.

Genus MICIl.a;SCHUS.

Micrffischus, BiUl.Ann. M. N. H. (5) i, p. 402 (1878).

Type, M. elaiarius, "Wlk.

llaiKje. Ceylon ; Assam Hills ; Burma.

Palpi very slender and obliquely upturned, reaching vertex of
head ; antennae with fasciculal ed cilia in male ; thorax and abdomen
without tufts ; legs naked, with the spurs normal. Fore wing with
veins 7, 8, 9, 10 stalked. Hind wing with veins 3 and 4 stalked.

Larvce with two pairs of abdomiual prolegs.

352

NOCTTJIDjE,

Sect. I. Fore wing with the outer margin slightly
angled at vein 8.

2159. Micrseschus elatarius, Wlk. Cat. xxii, p. 665 ; C. Sf S. no. 3905.

Pale yellow, speckled with crimson ; the head and collar chest-
nut. Tore wiug with the costa greyish and with a dark fascia
below it to end of cell, then bent downwards to the outer margin
at vein 3 ; the costa and fascia irrorated with metallic scales ; in-
distinct anteinedial, medial, and postmedial waved crimson hues ;
a submargiual irregular series of white spots on the apical area.
Hind wing with traces of medial and postmedial crimson lines ; a
white spot at end of cell ; some white submarginal spots on apical
area ; both wings with dark marginal line irrorated with metallic
scales, the cilia orange.

JIab. Ceylon. Exp. 12 milHm.

2160. Micraesclius rosellus, Hmpsn. III. Set. ix, p. 126, pi. 170,

%• 17.

S . Differs from elatarius in the dark margins, and also in the
costal streak and fascia of fore wing being much narrower ; the
submarginal white spots of both wings very large, with a large
additional spot on each wing towards inner margin.

ITab, Ceylon. Exp. 14 millim.

Sect. II. Tore wing with the outer margin evenly rounded.

2161. Micrsesclins oblatarius, WlJc Cat. xxii, p. 665 ; Moore, Lep.

Ceyl. ill, pi. 200, fig. 6; Hmps7i. III. Set. is, pi. 176, fig. 17
(larva) ; C. S( S. no. 3966.

S . Bright brick-red ; the ver-
tex of head white. Pore wing
irrorated with dark specks ; the
costa dark, with white specks
on it ; very indistinct ante- and
postmedial pale lines, sometimes
speckled with black, and ^^-ith a
S'ig- 188. ]3iack blotch between them on

Micr<sschus oblatarius, y -^^^^ margin; a dark speck at

end of cell. Hind wing with a speck at end of cell ; pale ante-
and postmedial lines ; a dark marginal line irrorated with metallic
scales to both wings.

2 . Fore wing with the basal and outer areas paler than the
medial, and a distinct dentate submarginal line.

Larva smooth and cylindrical, covered with commmuted ichen
arranged in tufts on certain somites. Cocoon covered with lichen
and suspended by a cable of silk.

Hab. Ceylon. Exi^., d 16, ? 20 millim.

MICE^SCnUS.

353

2162. MicrsBSchus regulatus, " wiIc Cat. xxiii, p. 794; C. ^ S.

no. 3946.

Differs from oblatarius in having an oblique difEused sub-basal
line to the fore wing ; a black spot at end of cell ; the postmedial
line of both wings whiter and more regular ; no dark costal and
marginal lines irrorated with metallic scales.

Mab. Moulmein. Exj). 16 millim.

2163. MicraBsclius minutus, Kmpsn. III. Set. ix, p. 150, pi. 169,

fig. 18.

cj . Eed-brown ; frons chestnut ; shaft of antenna and a band
between theii- bases white. Fore wing vs'ith two oblique dark
medial lines from the costa to cell ; some specks towards apex.
Hind wing with a rufous band on discocellulars ; an irx'egularly
waved postmedial ochreous line.
Hah. Ceylon. Exp. 14 millioi.

2164. MicrSBSchus roseus, Hmpsn. Ill Set. ix, p. 150, pi. 169, fig. 3.

$ . Bright pink ; the vertex of head white ; both wiugs with
traces of a dark speck at end of cell and irregular postmedial line ;
a dark marginal line ; the cilia bright yellow.
Mab. Ceylon. Exj). 20 millim.

2165. Micrseschus ustipennis, n. sp.

$ . Brick-red ; the vertex of head white. Fore wing with dark
ante- and postmedial hues, the latter excurved beyond cell ; a dark
spot at end of cell ; the costa and outer margin dark. Hind wing
with dark ante- and postmedial lines ; the outer margin dark.
Sab. Nagas {DoJierty). Exp. 20 millim. Type in coll. Elwes.

2166. Micrseschus gemmifer, n. sp.

S . Dull brown, irrorated with black. Fore wing with the costa
black, irrorated with a few metallic scales ; dark spots in and at
end of cell ; a black submarginal line with a series of metallic blue
spots on it and a dark subapical spot. Hind wing with traces of
ante- and postmedial waved lines ; a black submarginal line with
a series of metallic blue spots on it.

Sab. E.Vega(Doherty). Exp. 16 millim. Type in coll. Elwes.

Subfamily PALINDIIN^.

Palpi slender and closely appressed to the frons. Scaling very
smooth and shining. Fore wings with veins 8 and 9 almost always
forming an areole. Hind wing with vein 5 fuUy developed and
usually from or from near lower angle of cell, rarely from near
centre of discocellulars.

Larvce with four pairs of abdominal prolegs and not semi-looping.
TOL. IX. 2 a

354

WOOTITIDjB,

Key to tlie Genera.

A. Hind wing -witli vein 5 from near lower
angle of cell or well below centre of
discocellulars.

a. Fore wing with tlie inner margin not

arched.

a'. Fore wing with the outer margin
slightly angled from vein 5 to outer

angle 3. Kamadasa, p. 357.

b'. Fore wing with the outer margin
evenly rounded.
a^. Abdomen without dorsal tufts.
a^. Fore wing with the inner mar-
gin curved, the apex rectan-

giilar 4. Westebmannia, p. 358.

b^. Fore wing with the inner mai--
gin nearly straight,
a*. Fore wing with the apex

rounded 2. Callyna, p. 355.

b'^. Fore wing with the apex

rectangular 7. Bbevipecten, p. 361.

5^. Abdomen with dorsal tufts,
c^. Palpi reaching above vertex of
head ; abdomen with a series

of tufts 1- DiNUMMA, p. 354.

d". Palpi hardly reaching vertex of
head ; abdomen with one dor-
sal tuft 6. Bbtophilopsis, p. 361.

b. Fore wing with the inner margin much

arched.

c'. Fore wing with the outer margin
angled, veins 8 and 9 anastomosing

to form an areole 9. Ptebogonia, p. 362.

d'. Fore wing with the outer margin
rounded.
Fore wing with veins 8, 9, 10

stalked 8. Doeanaga, p. 362.

Fore wing with veins 8 and 9 anas-
tomosing to form an areole 5. Nagasena, p. 360.

B. Hind wing with vein 5 from centre of
discocellulars; fore wing with raised
bosses of metallic scales .10. Homodes, p. 364.

Genus DINUMMA.
Dinumma, Wlk. Cat. xv, p. 1805 (1858).
Type, D. placens, Wlk.

Range. Japan ; China ; N."W". Himalayas ; Nilgiris ; Ceylon ;

Eurma ; Java. , . . .

Palpi smoothly scaled and upturned ; the 2nd ]Oint reaching
iust above vertex of head, the 3rd of moderate length. Auteuuas
minutely ciliated. Thorax smoothly scaled. Abdomen with a
Peries of dorsal tufts. TibiiB moderately hairy. Tore wing of

DIN0MML4.. — CAI/LTNi.

355

nearly even width throughout, the apex and outer margin rounded.
Hind wing with vein 5 from lower angle of cell.

2167. Dinumma placens, Wlk. Cat. xv, p. 1806 ; Moore, Lep. Ceijl

iii, pi. 156, fig. 11 ; C.Sf S. no. 2.396.
Dmumina varians, £utl. III. Set. vii, p. 73, pi. 131, figs. 9, 10.

c? . Head aud thorax purplish black ; abdomen fuscous, with
the dorsal tufts black. Fore wing red-brown suffused with pur-
plish black ; a black basal patch ; waved ante- and postmedial
Hues, the latter angled beyond cell, the area between thetn black,
with a deeper black spot at end of cell ; a subapical black aud
whitish spot on outer margin, with fine blue streaks across it ; a
similar spot, but with no whitish, above outer angle. Hind wing
fuscous.

5 with the antemedial and outer areas of fore wing redder.
Jlab. Dharmsala ; Nilgiins ; Ceylon ; Rangoon. E.vj>. 26-34
millim.

2168. Dinumma deponens, mk. Cat. xv, p. 1806 ; C. l^- -S. no. 2394.
Dichonia bipunctata, Motsch. Et. TSnt. 1880, p. 32.
Dinumma largeteaui, Oherth. Et. Ent. x, p. 28, pi. 11, fig. 7.

Differs from placens in the antemedial and outer areas of the
fore wing being purplish red-brown in both sexes ; the basal
patch and medial band deep black, the latter with the inner edge

Fig. 189. — Dinumma deponens, (J . |.

more sinuous, the outer more irregular, and with a purplish line
beyond it ; black patches on outer margin below apex and at
centre without blue lines on them.

Hab. Japan ; China ; Dharmsala. Exp. 40 millim.

Genus CALLYNA.

OaUyna, Guen. Noct. i, p. 112 (1852).

? Calymera, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 104 (1882).

Type, C. siderea, Guen.

Range. S. Africa ; Japan ; throughout India, Ceylon, and
Burma; Andamans.

Palpi slender and closely appressed to f rons, the 3rd joint reaching
just above vertex of head. Antennae of male mimitely ciUated"

2a 2

356

NOOTUIDjE.

thorax and abdomen smootblj scaled. Fore wing of nearly even
breadth throughout ; the apex and outer margin rounded. Hind
wing with vein 5 from below centre of discocellulars.

169. Callyna siderea, Guen. Noct. i, p. 113 ; C. ^ S. no. 2393.

Head, thorax, and abdomen black, the last with the terminal
segments orange ; the legs marked with orange. Fore wing
shining black ; two orange specks near base and two on costa
before middle, the outer with a black line from it to vein 1 ; the
orbicular and reniform large, with black outlines and centres ; the
claviform black, with a line through it ; a white postmedial spot
on costa, with a curved line from it to inner margin, with some
white specks beyond it ; some white specks on costa towards apex ;
an apical white patch, tinged with yellow ; a submarginal series of
white specks and marginal series of orange specks. Hind wing
fuscous black, with the apex white.

Hub. Dharmsala ; Sylhet ; Poena. Ex^. 34-42 mUlim.

2170. Callyna monoleuca, Wlk. Cat. xv, p. 1667 ; C. Sf S. no, 2391.

Head, thorax, and fore wing deep chocolate ; the last with five
indistinct waved lines, the postmedial line excurved round cell ;
some white specks on costa ; a white yellow-tinged apical spot.
Abdomen and hind wang fuscous, with a cupreous tinge. Under-
side with curved postmedial line to both wings.

Eab. Sikhim ; Assam ; Canara ; Nilgiris ; Ceylon. Eay. 42-
50 millim.

2171. Callyna jugaria, Wlk. Cat. xv, p. 1809 ; Hmjjsn. III. Set. ix,

pi. 163, tig. 20 ; C.Sr S. no. 2390.
Callyna semivitta, Moo}-e, Lap. Atk. p. 161 ; C. ^- S. no. 2392.

Head and thorax purplish red-
brown ; in some specimens the
head is greyish and the collar
black-brown ; abdomen fuscous.
Fore wing deep chestnut-red;
the inner area and a subapical
streak purplish grey; a short
subbasal ochreous or grey double
line ; a broad medial ochreous or
grey-speckled band, more or less
obsolete towards inner margin,
bounded by waved ante- and postmedial lines, the latter angled
beyond the cell, and mth the orbicular and reniform spots on it
We and oftek white-edged ; an apical white patch ; a sinuous
submarginal line. Hind wing fuscous, with the ciha whitish

^""^S! Throughout India and Ceylon; Andamans. .Ea,^. 48-68
mUlim.

Kg. WO.— Callyna juffaria, S

CALLYi? A.— BAM ADASA.

357

2172. Callyna mystica, Wlk. Cat. xv, p. 1807 ; C. Sr S. no. 2305.
Differs from juc/aria in being duller chestnut-red. Tore wing

with the basal costal area reddish ochreous ; no pale suffusion on
medial band below the cell ; the orbicular and reniform stigmata
minute; the postmedial line straight from the costa to angle
beyond cell. Hind wing without the white patch on cilia. Under-
side without the apical white patch to fore wing.
JTab. Moulmein. Exp. 40 millim.

2173. Callyna costiplaga, Moore, Lep. Ceyl. iii, p. 100, pi. 156, fig. 10;

C. ^- 8. no. 2389.

Head dark red-brown ; collar black ; thorax and abdomen brown.
I'ore wing brown with indistinct subbasal, antemedial, postmedial,
and submarginal waved lines ; large quadrate black costal patches
between the two former and the two latter ; the orbicular and
reniform indistinct. Hind wing dark fuscous ; the cilia ochreous.

Hah. Bombay ; Nilgiris ; Ceylon. Exp. 46 millim.

*2174. Callyna ? picta, Moore, Lep. Ath. p. 104, pi. iv, fig. 7 ; C. ^ S.
no. 1787.

2 . Head and thorax pale fuscous, with darker spots ; abdomen
pale fuscous. Fore wing pale brownish ochreous ; a dark spot at
base and two medial lines from cell to inner margLa ; a large
chestnut postmedial patch from costa to near inner margin, its lower
part suffused with purple, and with a whitish lunnle on the disco-
cellulars, a brown Hue on its outer edge, bent outwards to the
outer angle ; a marginal series of fuscous spots. Hind wing dark
fuscous.

Hah. Sikhim. Exp. 40 millim.

Genus EAMADASA.

Ramadasa, Moore, P. Z. S. 1877, p. 603.
Baorisa, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 133 (1882).

Type, B. pavo, Wlk.

Bange. Sikhim ; Ceylon ; Andamans.

Palpi naked and upturned, flattened and reaching vertex of
head, the 3rd joint minute ; antennaj simple ; thorax and abdomen
smoothly scaled ; tibiae without spines and slightly clothed with
hair. Fore wing with the outer margin oblique from vein 5 to
outer angle ; veins 8 and 9 anastomosing to form an areole.

Sect. I. (Ramadasa). Pore wing of male with veins 3, 4, 5 curved
at their bases ; the membrane in the cell and interno-median
interspace slightly ridged, probably for stridulation.

2175. Ramadasa pavo, Wlk. Cat. ix, p. 147 ; Moore, Lep. tmjl. iii,
pi. 149, fig. 1 ; C. Sf S. no. 1784.

Head and thorax clothed with grey brown-mottled scales ; the

358

NOCTUIDiE.

frons barred with orange and metallic blue-black ; the abdomen
orange. Fore wing with the basal area grey, mottled with brown ;
the costa orange, with five hlue-black spots ; an oblique medial

|Fig. 191. — Eamadasa pavo, J. \.

black line with vinous suiiusion on its outer edge ; the outer area
pale chestnut; the reniform large and iiicomplete, outlined on its
upper and inner sides by black and violet, the upper part of its
outer edge by a black line, terminating in a red speck with two
black specks below it ; a black striga from the costa to the reniform,
and a blue-black band beyond it from the costa to vein 6, where
it is bent outwards to the margin as a streak ; a series of black
and M'hite submarginal specks. Hind wing orange.

JIab. Sikhim ; Ceylon ; Andamans. Eay., d 45, 5 50 millim.

Sect. II. (Baorisa). Eore wing of male without the ridged
membrane and distortion of nervules.

2176. Eamadasa Meroglyphica, 3Ioo7-e, Zep. Atk. p. 133, pi. iv,
iig. 14 ; C. 8f S. no. 1788.

Pure white. Frons with a black bar ; thorax with a few black
specks. Fore wing with five metallic blue-black strigs from the
basal half of costa, increasing in length outwardly; a diffused
yellow fascia on median nervure ; two metallic specks below the
cell; a postmedial metallic mark from the costa shaped like the
letter A and followed by a V-sbaped mark ; a submarginal line,
terminating in three radiating lines, which end in a brown and
crimson blotch near the middle of outer margin, with four white
specks on it and two metallic lines below it. Legs and underside
of abdomen spotted with metallic blue-black.

Hab. Sikhim. Kvjj. 50 millim.

Genus WESTEEMANNIA.

Westermannia,ifeff«6w. Zutr. ii, 23 (1823).
Plusiodes, Guen. Noct. ii, p. 386 (1852).

Type, W. superba Hiibn.

jinvge "Western and Southern India ; Ceylon ; Assam ; Anda-
mans ; Java ; Australia.

■WBSTBEMAIflTIA.

359

Palpi slender and closely appressed to the frous ; the 3rd joint
naked and reaching just above vertex of head ; antenna) of male
almost simple ; thorax and abdomen smoothly scaled ; tibiaa not
hairy and without spines. Fore wing with the apex nearly
rectangular. Hind wing with vein 5 from below centre of disco-
cellulars.

2177 'Westennainiia superta, KUbn. Zutr. Samml. exot. Schmett.

p. 23, figs. 323, 324 ; Moore, Lep. Cmjl. iii, pi. 154, figs. 1, 1 a
(larva); C. c^- & no. 2160.
Plusiodes westermannii, Guen. Noct. ii, p. 386.

Head pure white ; thorax and ab-
domen y ello wish white. Fore wing pale
silvery brown ; the basal costal area and
a broad postmedial curved baud white,
these two white areas being conjoined
at costa, and by the discocellulars and
median nervure being white. Hind
Fig. 192.— Wcstermannia ^-^rr pale, suffused with fuscous towards

mperha, \. outer margin.

Larva. Pale olive-green, thickly spotted with yellow ; a yellow
dorsal line on each segment ; gense with a small red streak. Food-
plant, Terminalia.

Hub. W. and S. India ; Ceylon ; Java. Kvp. 36 millim.

2178. Westermannia argentea, Rmpsn. 111. Set. viii, p. 80, pi. 146,

fig. 19.

Differs from sujperha in the tegulae and metathorax being white.
Fore wing bright silvery grey, with a broad white fascia on inner
basal area ; the disk tinged with gold. Hind wing opalescent
white, fuscous towards outer margin.

Hah. Nilgiris. Exj). 50 millim.

2179. 'Westermannia triangularis, Moore, P. Z. S. 1877, p. 605 ;

C. ^ 8. no. 2151.

Head and thorax white ; abdomen fuscous. Fore wing white,
with a medial fuscous band from median nervure to inner margin,
with a diffused fuscous streak from it to base along median
nervure ; the outer area coppery brown, with the margin blue-grey.
Hind wing white, fuscous towards outer margin.

Hub. Assam ; Andamans. ExjL>. 36 milhm.

2180. Westermannia cornucopia, Rmpsn. III. Set. -viii, p. 61, pi. 141,

fig. 12.

5 . Pale Ijrown ; head and thorax with black tips to the scales.
Fore wing with a large chocolate cornucopia-shaped mark from
the outer margin to centre of inner margin, some white on its
inner edge, two fine silvery lines on the discocellulars, and a fine

360

silvery sinuous line beyond the cell, with silvery suffusion between
it and the discocellulars ; traces of a curved submarginal line.
Hind wing fuscous.

Hc(b. Nilgiris. Exp. 34 millim.

Genus NAGASENA.
Nagasena, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 151 (1882).

Type, N. albescens, Moore.

Bange. Sikhim ; Assam ; Ceylon ; Andamans.

Palpi slender and naked, the 3rd joint reaching above vertex of
head ; antenuffi with long cilia in male ; thorax and abdomen
smoothly scaled, except for a slight tuft on 1st segment of latter;
tibiffi moderately hairy. Fore wing with the apex somewhat
rounded ; the inner margin lobed near base ; the retinaculum bar-
shaped in male. Hind wing with vein 5 from lower angle of
cell.

2181. Nagasena albescens, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 152 ; C.^S. no. 2152.

Head and collar white ; thorax
and abdomen brownish. Tore
wing whitish, suffused and ir-
rorated with brown ; a minute
rufous speck at upper angle of
cell ; a curved rufous hne from
Kg. 193. apex to inner margin near base ;

Nagasena albescens, ^ . \. tmcea of a submargmal series of

specks. Hind wing pale, suffused with fuscous.

Hal. Sikhim ; Margharita, Assam, Exp. 30 millim.

2182. Nagasena dentilinealis, Moore, F. Z. S. 1877, p. 613, pi. 60,

fig. 7 ; C.Si S. no. 2871.

(S . Differs from albescens in being whiter ; a dark speck at end of
cell of fore wing; the line from apex brown, waved, and reaching
centre of inner margin. Hind wing fuscous.

Hab. Andamans. Exp. 28 millim.

2183. Nagasena trapezata, Moore, Lep. Ceyl. iii, p. 547.

5 . Pale brownish ochreous. Pore wing with very oblique
antemedial brown line ; an obliquely curved medial line, sending a
streak from end of cell to outer margin below apex, crossing an
angulated submarginal line. Hind wing semihyaline, shghtly
suffused with fuscous towards outer margin.
Hab. Ceylon. Exp. 34 millim.

BEYOPHILOPSIS. — BREVIPECTETT.

361

Genus BRYOPHILOPSIS, nov.

Type, -B. griseata, Hnipsn.
Itanrje. N.W. Himalayas.

Palpi slight and reaching ^^ertex of head ; antennte with long
cilia in male ; metathorax slightly tufted ; abdomen with a dorsal
tuft on 2nd segment ; tibiae nearly naked. Fore wing with the
outer margia obliquely rounded ; veins 8 and 9 anastomosing to
form an areole. Hind wing with vein 5 from lower angle of cell.

2184. Bryophilopsis griseata, n. sp.

Head and thorax grey ; abdomen pale. Fore wing grey ; an

antemedial obliqueslightly-waved
line joined by a streak below
vein 2 to a postmedial line, which
is bent outwards below costa;
the reniform large and indis-
tinct ; the area inside and below
^.^^^ it, between the streak and ante-

Bryophilopsifgriseata, ^ . }. and postmedial lines, often black ;

a sinuous submarginal line angled
outwards to margin below the centre. Hind wing pale fuscous.
Hab. SinAa (Harford). Xrp. 26 millim. TypeinB. M.

Genus BREVIPECTEN, nov.

Type, B. captains, Butl.

Range. W. and S. Africa ; China ; N.W. Himalayas ; Nilgiris ;
Ceylon.

Palpi sKght and reaching vertex of head ; antennte of male
bipectinatecl to three-fourths length, the branches long ; thorax
and abdomen smoothly scaled ; tibite with slight tufts of hair on
the outer side. Tore wing with the apex rectangular ; the inner
margin nearly straight after the basal lobe ; veins 8 and 9 anas-
tomosing to form an areole. Hind wing with vein 5 from above
angle of cell.

2185. Brevipecten captatus, JSutl. III. Set. vii, p. 79, pi. 133, fig. 1.

Brownish grey. Fore wing with short subbasal line ; an ante-
medial oblique line ; a large triangular medial deep chocolate
patch with white edges extending to lower
angle of cell, with a sinuous line froQi
it to inner margin where it joins the
highly excurved postmedial line, which
has a triangular chocolate patch with
white edges on the costa beyond it. Some
Fi.. 19o.-Brevipecten f Pecimens have three dark specks beyond
captatus, cT . T- lower angle or ceil. Hind wing luscous
brown.

Hab. China; N.W.Himalayas; Nilgiris. Exp. 32 millim.

362

NOCTUIDjE,

2186. Brevipecten lunifer, Rmpsn. III. Het. is., p. 113, pi. 160, fig. 13.

d . Differs from captata in the lines of the fore wing being less
distinct; a large whitish reniform mark, obliterating the greater
part of the triangular medial patch ; the apex of the triangular
patch before apex truncate. Hind wing ochreous.

Hah. Triucomali, Ceylon. Exp. 24 milhm.

Genus DOEANAGA.
Doranaga, Moore, Lep. Ceyl. iii, p. 653 (1884).
Type, D. leucospila, Wlk.

liange. Khasis; Nagas ; Nilgiris; Ceylon; Singapore; Borneo;
Mysol ; Gilolo.

Palpi reaching just above vertex of head and very slender ;
thorax smoothly scaled ; abdomen with dorsal tuft at base ; tibiaB
not hairy. Fore wing short and broad, the costa and inner
margin arched ; the outer margin angled ; veins 8, 9, 10 stalked.
Hind wing with vein 5 from near lower angle of cell.

2187. Doranaga straminea, Hmpsn. III. Het. viii, p. 92, pi. 147, fig. 17.

$ . Ochreous and of glossy
texture ; palpi black at sides ;
vertex of head black. Eore
wing with the apical area
slightly suffused with fuscous,
except the apex itself. Hind
wing suffused with fuscous ;
Yig.lQQ.— Bo^-anag a straminea, tS- \- the cilia ochreous.
Hah. Nilgiris. Exp. 24 millim.

2188. Doranaga leucospila, Wlh. Cat. xxxiii, p. 788.'
Doranaga apicalis; Moore, Lep. Ceyl. iii, p. 553, pi. 214, fig. 7.

5 . Ochreous red-brown. Tore wing with traces of sinuous
antemedial line ; a creamy- white triangular patch on the costa
before apex ; an oblique rufous and ochreous line from apex to
centre of inner margin ; an indistinct lunulate fuscous submarginal
line. Hind wing fuscous ; the cilia ochreous ; underside with
narrow curved medial fuscous band and traces of submarginal
band.

A specimen from the Khasis has the white patch almost obsolete.
Bah. Khasis ; Niigas ; Nilgiris ; Ceylon ; Singapore ; Eorueo ;
Mysol ; Gilolo. Exp. 26 millim.

Genus PTEEOGONIA.

Pterogonia, Sioinh. Trans. Ent. Soc. 1891, p. 152.
Craspedagonia, Hmpsn. III. Het. ix, p. 117 (1893).

Type, P. episcopalis, Swinh,

PTEEOOONIA.

363

Range. Nagas ; Nilgiris ; Ceylon ; Borneo.

DifEers irom Boranaga in the palpi being obliquely upturned and
reaclaing above a sharp frontal tuft. Fore wing with the costa
straighter; the outer margin augled at vein 3; veins 8 and 9
anastomosing to form an areole ; the retinaculum bar-shaped in
male. Hind wing wdth vein 8 anastomosing with 7 to middle of
cell ; vein 5 from near lower angle of cell.

Sect. I. {Pterogonia). Pore wing with the outer margin
not crenulate.

2189. Pterogonia episcopalis, Sioinh. Trans. Ent. Soc. 1891, p. 152.

<S . Head, thorax, and fore wing grey, suffused with rosy and
purplish hues, and slightly irrorated and striated with black. Pore
wing with slight subbasal hne ; obHque sinuous antemedial line ;
a large silver mitre-shaped mark at end of cell, with bright ferru-

Kg. 197. — Pterogonia episcopalis, cJ. |.

ginous outline ; traces of a postmedial sinuous hne ; a submarginal
series of black specks. Abdomen and hind wing pale fuscous, the
latter with the outer area darkest.

The Naga specimen has the silvery stigma rounded and without
ferruginous outline.

Mab. Nagas ; Nilgiris ; Borneo. Exjy. 52 milHm.

2190. Pterogonia striatura, Moore, Lev. Ceyl iii, p. 553, pi. 214.

tig. 11 ; a <^ S. no. 2837.

_ d • Ochreous, slightly irrorated and striated with black. Fore
•wing with traces of subbasal line ; a highly curved indistinct ante-
medial line ; a dark speck at each angle of cell ; the base of vein
2 dark ; a sinuous postmedial line ; a submarginal series of black
specks. Hind wing pale ; the outer area fuscous,
ffab. Ceylon. Kvjj. 32 millim.

Sect. II. {Craspedogonia). Pore wing with the cUia crenulate,
the outer margin more angled.

2191. Pterogonia nuhes, Ilmpsn. III. Het. ix, p. 117, pi. 106, fig. 3.

5 . Head, thorax, and fore wing red-brown, suffused with fuscous

364

NOCTUID^E,

and slightly irrorated with white ; fore wing with traces of waved
antemedial and medial lines ; the disk and outer area suffused with
fuscous. Abdomen and hind wing fuscous, the latter with the cilia
white ; underside with the outer area fuscous.
Hah. Ceylon. Exp. 40 millim.

Genus HOMODES.
Homodes, Guen. Noct. ii, p. 280 (1852).

Type, H. crocea, Guen.

Mange. Bombay; Ceylon; Andamans; Java.

Palpi upturned and reaching vertex of head, the 3rd pint very
minute; antennae ciliated; thorax smoothly scaled. Abdomen
with dorsal tufts on proximal segments ; tibiffi nearly smooth ;
fore legs of male with a tuft of long hair from base of coxse. Pore
wing with the apex rounded. Hind wing with vein 5 from near
centre of discocellulars.

2192. Homodes crocea, Guen. Noct. ii, p. 280, pi. xi, fig. 2 ; C. Sr S.
no. 2189 (part.).

S . Orange-scarlet. Pore wing with subbasal and antemedial
waved lines with silvery scales on them ; a boss of black and
silvery scales in cell and two at end of it; an oblique medial
fuscous band with silvery scales on it ; an irregularly waved post^
medial line, with indistinct line beyond it ; a crimson submargmal

Fig. 198. — Homodes crocea, cJ. i-

line, followed by a fuscous and silvery line ; a marginal series of
dark striae. Hind wing with oblique fuscous and silvery medial
band; irregularly waved postmedial line, followed by an indistinct
line ; a crimson submarginal line, with a fuscous and silvery one
beyond it ; a marginal sei'ies of dark strife.
Hab. Andamans ; Java. Exp. 38 millim.

2193. Homodes vivida, Gum. Noct. ii, p. 280 ; Hmpsn. Ill Het. ix,
pi. 163, fig. 17; a S{ S. no. 2189 (part.).

S. Differs from crocea in tlie fore wing being without the
bosses of scales at middle and end of cell ; the postmedial hue ot
both wings with a series of small raised bosses.

Hab. Bombay ; Ceylon. Exp. 32 millim.

SAHEOTHBIPINiE.

365

Subfamily SARROTHRIPINiE.

Moths of small or moderate size ; the fore wiug with the costa
and inner margin arched near base, then of nearly even width
throughout, and almost always with raised buttons ofc scales in
the ceU or raised lines on the wings. The palpi either porrect and
rostriform or upturned ; legs with the tarsal jomts short

Larvce \vith four pairs of abdominal prolegs, sparsely clothed
with hair in the known species.

The subfamily is closely allied to the Nolmcs, and almost at the
bottom of the Noctuid scale; the retinaculum is often bar-shaped
in the male ; and vein 8 of the hind wing often anastomoses with
7 to near middle of cell.

Kmj to the Genera.

A. Palpi obliquely porrect and slender ; pro-

boacis rudimentary !• Tbiorbis, p. 366.

B. Proboscis fully developed.

a. Palpi with the 3rd joint short and por-

j.gg(. 3. Abiola, p. 367.

h. Palpi with the 3rd joint long and por-

a'. Head extremely small; fore wmg with

vein 1 a long and curved 6. Hyblj^a, p. 6i 1.

V . Plead normal.

a^. Fore wing with the areole short.
a^. Fore wing with tufts of raised

scales on the disli • • 5. Plotheia, p. 368.

W Fore wino- without tufts of raised

scales on the disk 4. Nolasena, p. 368.

Fore wing with the areole long . . 7. Abachnoqnatha,
c. Palpi with the third joint upturned. [p- 373.

a'. Fore wing with an areole.

a^. Hind wing with vein 5 present.
a". Thorax with no erect tuft be-
hind the collar.
o<. Fore wing with the apex

rounded, the areole short . . 12. Clbtthabina, p. 379.
6*. Fore wing with the apex
rectangular.
a?. Abdomen with dorsal tufts,
a". Abdomen usually long ;
the antennte long and

ciliated in male 8. Labanda, p. 374.

6". Abdomen and antennse of
normal length, the latter

bipectinated in male . . 9. Chlumetia, p. 376.
6^ Abdomen without dorsal
tufts.

a^. Fore wing with the areole
short.

({'. Fore wing short and

broad 10. Babasa, p. 376.

v. Fore wing long and

narrow 2. Gadibtha, p. 367.

366

NOCTtrlD^.

i". Foro wing with the areola
long.

a'. Fore wing long and

narrow 13. Aegybothmpa,

V. Fore wing short and [p. 380.

broad 11. Blenina, p. 377.

¥. Thorax with an erect tuft be-
hind the collar 14. Neothhipa, p. 382.

6^ Hind wing with vein 6 absent . . 15. IIypothhipa, p. 383.
b' . Fore wing with no areole.
a^. Fore wing with veins 7, 8, 9

stallced 16. Cletthabha, p. 883.

li^. Fore wing with veins 8, 9, 10

stalked, 7 from cell 17. Sabeothbipa, p. 387.

Genus TRIORBIS, nov.

Type, T. annulata, Swinh.
Range. Burma.

Proboscis rudimentary ; palpi obliquely porrect, the 2ud joint
reaching beyond the frons, naked at base, more thickly scaled
distally, the 3rd joint of moderate length; antennae of female
simple and thickened ; thorax and abdomen smoothly scaled ; the
tibiae fringed with long hair. Fore wiug with the apex rounded ;
veins 8 and 9 anastomosing to form the areole ; slight Hues of
raised scales round the stigmata. Hind wing with vein 5 from
lower angle of cell.

2194, Triorhis annulata, Sicinh. Trans. Ent. Soc. 1890, p. 189, pi. 6,
fig. 15.

$ . Grey-brown ; palpi with a black lateral line on 2nd joint,
and speck near apex of 3rd ; the antennae fulvous. Fore ^"ing

with some brown and purplish
suffusion ; dark rufous streaks
from base on subcostal and below
median nervure ; an obliquely
waved line from lower angle of
cell to inner margin near base ;
the orbicular and reniform large,
iudistincit, double ring-marks ; an
indistinct, irregular, postmedial
line, angled beyond the cell ; a large,
indistinct ring-mark, crossed by a bright pink fascia beyond lower
angle of cell ; an irregularly sinuous, pale, subuiargiual line, and
an almost marginal line ; some black streaks on the veins near
apex. Hind wing fuscous brown ; the underside paler, with in-
distinct cell-spot and submargiual baud.
Hab. Thyetmyo. Kvjp. 38 millim.

Fig. 199.
Triorbis annulata, J .

GADIRTHA. — AEIOLA.

3G7

Genus GADIRTHA.
Gadirtha, WlJc. Cat. xiii, p. 1102 (1857).
Type, G. inexacta, Wlk.

Ramie. S. America; China; Sit him ; Moulmein ; Borneo;
Anstraha.

Palpi slender, the 2nd joint reaching vertex of head, the 3rd
long ; antennce minutely fasciculated ; thorax and abdomen
smoothly scaled ; tibice of male fringed with very long hair. Fore
wing long and narrow ; the apex rounded ; the outer margin
excised towards outer angle : the areole broad ; slight raised tufts
of scales on the orbicular and reniform stigmata and below the
cell. Hind wing with vein 3 from before angle of cell ; veins 4
and 5 from the angle.

2195. Gadirtha inexacta, Wlk. Cat. xiii, p. 1102 ; C. ^ S. no. 2403.
Gadirtha impingens, Wlk. Cat. xiii, p. 1103 ; C. ^ 8. no. 2402.

Pale red-brown, suffused with grey. Fore wing with a sinuous

antemedial line, with fuscous
patch on the costa before it ;
the orbicular small and indistinct ;
the reniform large with black
outline ; a fuscous patch on the
costa before apex; a crenulate
postmedial line ; a marginal
series of black specks. Hind
wing fuscous brown ; the cilia
pale ; some specimens with the
basal area pale.

The fore wing may be ruddy brown, the inner area suif used
with grey and tinged with green ; or it may be ruddy and dark
brown or pale grey-brown.

Hah. China ; Sikhim ; Moulmein. Exp. 50-54 millim.

Fig. 200. — Gadirtha inexacta, cJ- i-

Genus ARIOLA.
Ariola, Wlk. Cat. xii, p. 768 (1857).

Type, A. ccelisigna, "Wlk.
Range. Ceylon ; Borneo.

Palpi porrect, of moderate length, the 2nd joint thickly
scaled, the 3rd minute ; antennas simple in male ; thorax and
abdomen smoothly scaled, the latter long in male. Fore wing of
nearly even breadth throughout ; the apex rounded ; veins 8 and
9 anastomosing to form the areole. Hind wing with veins 3, 4
stalked, 5 from lower angle of cell.

368

irOCTUIDJ!.

2196. Ariola coelisigna, Wlk. Cat. xii, p. 769 ; C. Sr S. no. 1789.

Pig. 201. — Ariola calisigna, c?- 1-

Head and thorax pale gi-een ;
abdomen fuscous. Fore wing
bright green, with a curved sil-
very-white fascia from the base
to apex ; the outer margin pink,
with black marginal marks and
line. Hind wing fuscous.

Hah. Ceylon; Borneo. Exp.
22 millim.

Genus NOLASENA.
Nolasena, Wlk. Cat. xii, p. 981 (1857).
Type, N. ferrifervens, "Wlk.

Bange. Ceylon ; Burma. i-u c, a

Palpi porrect, the 2nd joint fringed with hair above, the 3rd
acute at apex ; antennae minutely ciliated. Tore wing with the
apex slightly acute ; veins 8 and 9 anastomosing to form the
areole.

2197. Nolasena ferrifervens, Wlk. Cat. xii, p. 982; C. ^- S. no. 2924.

Chestnut- or grey-brown. Pore wing with two parallel obhque
, antemedial scarlet lines, with a silvery
baud between them; a waved post-
medial obhque scarlet Hne, with black
outer edge and a silvery band beyond it ;
some white specks on costa towards
apex; a marginal series of black and
Pig. 202. red specks.

Nolasena ferrifervens, S- t- The Burmese form is much darker
than the Ceylon one, with the scarlet hues narrower.
Hab. Ceylon; Eangoon. &7p. 24 millim.

Genus PLOTHEIA.

Plotheia, Wlk. Cai.xiii,p.n08 (1857).

Egelesta, Wlk. Cat. xv, p. 1747 (18o8).

GallerioAiorpha, Feld. Wien. Ent. Mon. vi, p. 37, note (1862).

Othora, Wlk. Cat. xxxiii, p. 902 (1866)

Selepa, Moore, Lap. E. I. C p. 353 (18d8).

Tvne, P. ^ecmcens, Wlk. , -r t i To™

Bamie Sikhim; throughout Continentallndia; Ceylon ; .Tava
Proboscis fully developed; palpi with the 2nd joint upturned,
the'^SrdTorrect Ld long\ theWntal tuft long ; -^J"- ^
filiated in male ; thorax and abdomen without tufts , tore tibioe
Wly luf ted w4th hair. Pore wing with the outer margm some-

PLOTHEIA.

369

what erect ; slight tufts of raised scales on dislr ; veins 8 and 9
anastomosing to form the areole. Hind wing with veins 3 and 4
from angle of cell, 5 from just above angle.

2198. Plotheia decrescens, WlJc Cat. xiii, p. 1104; C. Sr S. no. 2401.
Plotheia frontalis, Wlk. Cat. xiii, p. 1109 ; Hmpsn. III. Ret. ix,

pi. 164, figs. 1-32; C. S. no. 2411.
Egelesta rudivitta, Wlk. Cat. xv, p. 1748; C. Sr S. no. 2419.
Galleriomorpha lichenoides, Feld. Wien. ent. Mon. vi, 1862, p. 38 ;

C. ^- S. no. 2416.
Gadirtha guttulosa, Wlk. Cat. xxxiii, p. 897; C. ^ S. no. 2413.
Gadirtha spurcata, Wlk. Cat. xxxiii, p. 896 ; C. & no. 2420.
Otliora canescens, Wlk. Cat. xxxiii, p. 904.
Othora onusta, Wlk. Cat. xxxiii, p. 90-5.
Othova signatfl, Wlk. Cat. xxxiii, p. 906.
Othora lata, Wlk. Cat. xxxiii, p. 909.

Othora basifasoia, WlJc. Cat. xxxiii, p. 911 ; C. ^ S. no. 2408.
Othora subglauca, WlJc. Cat. xxxiii, p. 905 ; C. ^- S. no. 2421.
Othora cinerascens, Wlk. Cat. xxxiii, p. 903 ; C. Sf S. no. 2409.
Othora velata, Wlk. Cat. xxxiii, p. 902 ; C. S,- S. no. 2422.
Othora albotecta, W7fc. Cat. xxxiii, p. 903 ; C. S. no. 2407.
Othora plagiata, Wlk. Cat. xxxiii, p. 907 ; C. ^- S. no. 2418.
Othora ooncisa, Wlk. Cat. xxxiii, p. 910 ; C. Sr S. no. 2410.
Othora imprimens, Wlk Cat. xxxiii, p. 911 ; C. S. no. 2414.
Othora albivitta, IVlk. Cat. xxxiii, p. 908 ; C. ^ S. no. 2408.
Plotheia lativitta, Moore, Lep. Ceijl. iii, p. 106, pi. 157, fig. 11 ;

C. (§• .S'. no. 2415.
Plotheia griseovirens, Moore, Lep. Ceyl. iii, p. 108, pi. 158, fig. 2 ;

C. 8. no. 2412.

Ground-colour of head, thorax, and fore wing pale brown, olive-
green, or grey. Eore wing with indistinct double subbasal, ante-
medial, postmedial, and single submarginal line ; the orbicular and
reniform represented by raised specks of scales ; abdomen arid
hind wing fuscous, the former with some dark ring-marks.

The colour may be almost uniform olive-brown, green, or pale
brown ; or the fore wing may have blackish patches at base of inner
margin and apex ; or the inner area may be suiJused with brown
and have black longitudinal streaks ; or there may be an ochreous
patch on the medial costal area ; or the whole medial area may be
suifused with white, or with a white subbasal band, or with a
white patch on centre of inner margin, or patches on thorax and
at apex, or small specks scattered over the wing, or a white
fascia from base to near outer margin ; or the whole medial and
outer areas, except the apex, creamy white ; the ante- and post-
medial lines may be white with smoky black or grey between them,
with white snbapical streaks and others on inner area ; or these
streaks may be black or chestnut ; or there may be a blai;k stigma
below the centre of costa ; or the wing may be marked with black
specks, or almost wholly suifused with ferruginous red.

Hob. Ceylon. Exp. 36 millim.

TOL. II.

370

NOCTTJIDjE.

2199. Plotheia celtis, 3roore, Lep. K I. Co. p. 353, pi. 10, figs. 8, 8 a
(larva) ; Lcp. Ceyl. iii, pi. 158, fig. 5 ; C. Sr S. no. 2424.
Subrita curviferella, WlJc. Cat. xxxv, p. 1745.
Selepa docilis, Butl. P. Z. S. 1881, p. 619 ; C. ^- S. no. 2425.
Gadirtha discigera, Wlk. Journ. Linn. Soc. vii, p. 183.

5 . Head and thorax pale brown ; abdomen fuscous. Fore
wing pale brown with a pui-plish-grey tinge ; traces o£ subbasal and
medial waved black lines ; a double postmedial line excurved round
end ot cell and enclosing a blackish circular patch, the line crossed
by black streaks on each side of vein 2 ; a waved submargiual pale
line and series of short marginal dark streaks. Hind wing
whitish, suffused with fuscous towards outer margin.

Fig. 203.— Plotheia cdtis, S ■

cS with the hind wing fuscous and a black patch on inner area
below.

Docilis is a greyer form from Karachi.

Larva yellow ; the head black ; dorsal black patches on 5th, 10th,
and 11th somites ; a lateral reddish Hue with a series of black spots.

Bab. Nagas ; throughout Peninsular India and Ceylon ; Java.
Mv2^. 24 millim.

2200. Plotheia aeuesceus, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 288.

5 . Differs from celtis in the head and thorax being darker ; the
fore wing much more suffused with purplish fuscous ; the rounded
orbicular and lunulate reniform dark and more defined ; the post-
medial line more sinuous and less excurved beyond the cell. Hind
wing pale fuscous.

Hah. Sikhim. Exp. 32 millim.

2201. Plotheia strigifera, Moore, Lep. Ccyl. iii, p. 103, pi. 158,

figs. 3, 3 a (larva) ; C. S{ S. no. 2427.

Head, thorax, and abdomen pale brown. Tore wing pale brown
suffused with red-brown ; the veins streaked with dark brown ; an
indistinct antemedial curved line and postmedial line excurved
round end of ceU, with a prominent black fascia between them
below median nervure ; a waved submarginal and black marginal
line. Hind wing pale fuscous.

Another form has the head, thorax, and abdomen whitish grey,
the tegula> ferruginous ; fore wing with the basal and outer areas
grey, the medial area ferruginous; no black fascia below the
median nervure ; hind wing white with the margin fuscous.

PLOTHBIA. — HTBL^.

371

Larm bro\raish ochreous, with a dorsal series of slender erect
black hairs which are very long and with spatiilate ends at anterior
and posterior extremities ; lateral series of white hairs ; a subdorsal
black-spotted green band fi-om 5th to 10th somites ; dorsal black
spots on 2nd to 5th and 11th somites.

Eah. Ceylon. Exj^i. 20 millim.

2202. Plotheia rabdota, Hmpsn. 111. Het. viii, p. 88, pi. 146, fig. 4.

$ . Head and thorax pale brown. Fore wing pale brown, the
inner margin darker ; blackish streaks below the median nervure
and from the upper angle of cell to apex and from lower angle to
centre of outer margin ; a dark patch at outer angle and series of
marginal specks. Hind wing whitish; the outer margin very
slightly suffused with fuscous.
Hah. NiJgiris. Exp. 26 millim.

2203. Plotheia metaspilella, Wlk. Cat. xsxv, p. 1746.

Head and thorax grey ; abdomen brownish. Fore wing grey ;
traces of a waved antemedial line; an indistinct waved double
medial line sending a dark spur outwards in the intern o-median
interspace to the indistinct curved and waved postmedial line ; a
dark speck at end of cell ; a series of dark submarginal specks.
Hmd wing white, suffused with fuscous in the male, entirely
fuscous in the female.

Hah. Ganjam ; Nilgiris. Exp., s 23, $ 25 millkn.

Genus HYBLiEA.
Hyblaea, Fahr. Ent. Syst. iii, 2, p. 127 (1794).
Type, H. puera, Cram.

Range. Throughout the tropical and subtropical zones • China •
Japan. ' ' '

Head very small ; palpi porrect and rostriform ; antenn£B
minutely cUiated in male ; thorax and abdomen smoothly scaled •
tibia; clothed with long hair and without spines. Fore wino- with
the costa arched near base, the inner margin lobed ; vein 1 a "strong
and bent down to near centre of inner margm ; the cell open •
veins 6, 7, 8, _9 from close to angle of cell. Hind wing with the
cell open ; vein 8 anastomosing with 7 to near middle of cell.

Sect. I. Fore wing with the outer margin not excised
below apex and evenly curved.

2204. Hyblffla puera, Cram. Pap. Exot. pi. 103, %s, D E • C * .<?

no. 2232 ; Moore, Lep. Ceyl. iii, pi. f54, fig's. | 2 « (LVa) ^ "
Noctua saga, Fahr. Mant. Ins. ii, pf 137. i^^-uvaj.
Noctiia iinxia, Hiibn. Eur. Schmett., Noct. fig. 513
Heliothis apricans, Boisd. Faun. Ent. Maday. p. 98,'pl. 15, fig, 7.
Head and thorax greyish red-brown; abdomen black-brown

2b2

372

KOCTXIIDjB,

with orange segmental bands. Eore wing greyish red-brown,
irrorated with a few dark specks. Hind wing black-brown, with
curved orange band with scarlet edges from upper angle of cell to
near anal angle ; a band on the margin from vein 2 to anal angle.
"Underside of fore wdng black, with orange fascia iu cell and far

Fig. 204:.— Hyhlaa imom, $. \.

beyond it ; the costa and apex pale brownish with dark specks ;
the inner margin yellow. Hind wing pale bro\TOish with dark
specks ; orange towards anal angle with two large black spots. _

Larva with a few short hairs ; dark purple-grey above, olive-
green below, with dorsal and lateral white lines ; a subdorsal series
of minute white dots and rings, a series of black dots on lateral
line ; head and 1st somite black. Food-plant Bignoniacece.

Hah. W. Indies ; S. Africa ; throughout India, Burma, and
Ceylon ; Java ; New Guinea ; Cape York. Exp. 32-40 millim.

Sect. II. Fore wdng with the outer margin excised below
apex and excurved at centre.

2205. Hyblaea COnstellata, Gum. Nod. ii, p. 391 ; Moore, Lep. Ceyl.

iii, pi. 154, figs. %2,a; C^S. no. 2230.

Head and thorax dark olive-green ; abdomen black, with orange
segmental rings and crimson at sides towards extremity. Fore
wing dark olive-green with dark specks; often with two ante-
medial yellowish-white diffused patches ; a subapical bar, and brown
apical patch on costa. Hind wing black-brow, with two orange
spots beyond lower angle of cell and t\YO towards anal angle.
TJnderside of fore wing black, with the costa and inner margin
orange ; the base of cell, a baud at end of it, and one beyond it
orange. Hind wing orange, suffused with crimson and ^rlth
numerous black spots ; a black spot at anal angle.

Hab. China ; throughout India, Ceylon, and Burma ; Malacca ;
Borneo ; Australia. Exp. 34-40 millim.

2206. Hyblsea hypocyanea, Sivmh. MS.

Differs from constcUata in the abdomen being without crim-
son Fore wing uniform dark brown speckled with black. Hind
wing with the orange spots obsolescent except the one beyond
cell Underside of fore ^^•ing with the costa very shgbtly red-

HTBL^TA. — ARACHNOGNATHA.

373

tinged ; the inner area whitish ; hind wing suffused with purpish
white.

Hab. Khasis. Exp. 30 millim. Type in B. M.

2207. Hyblaea firmamentum, G!?<m.iVoci;.ii,p. 392; C. c^- & no. 2231.

Head, thorax, and abdomen dark red-brown ; the last with
the segments slightly fringed with yellow. Pore wing red-brown
irrorated with dark specks ; a chocolate basal patch terminating at
end of cell in an acute angle ; the part below cell darkest ; a
chocolate streak from centre of costa to above centre of outer
margin ; cUia pale in the emargination below apex. Hind wing
black-brown, with a yellow spot below centre of costa and another
above anal angle which is sometimes obsolescent; two yellow
patches on cilia towards anal angle. Underside with the' inner
area of fore wing yellow and two patches on costa ; the hind wing
with numerous yellow patches.

The yellow spots of hind wing are often entirely absent above and
much reduced on underside.

Bab. China ; Sikldm ; Khasis. Exp. 42 milKm.

Genus ARACHNOGNATHA, nov.

Type, A. meteryihra, Hmpsn.
Range. Burma.

Palpi long, porrect, and curved, the 2nd joint clothed with long
hair ; thorax and abdomen smoothly scaled. Fore wing with the
costa highly arched at base, the apex quadrate ; the areole long, vein
7 being given off halfway up it and 8 before the end. Hind wing
with the inner margin short ; veins 3, 4, and 5 from close to angle
of cell. Fore tibiaB not tufted.

2208. Arachnognatha meterythra, n. sp.

2 . Head, thorax, and abdomen pale brown. Fore wing pale
olive-green, with very faint traces of antemedial, medial, and
postmedial diffused chestnut bands ; a speck of erect black scales

Fig. 205. — Arachnognatha meterythra, $ . {.

representing the orbicular; cilia chestnut. Hind wing vinous
pink ; an ocellate mark at anal angle consisting of a pale hmule
and dark pupil.

Mah. E. Pegu, 5000 feet (Doherty). Exp. 36 millim. Type in
coll. Elwes.

374

NOCTtJIDJE.

Genus LABANDA.

Liibanda, WIJc. Cat. xvii, p. 284 (1859).
Bnriixna, Wlk. Cat. xxxii, p. G03 (1865).
Lazanda, Wlk. Cat. xxxii, p. 604.

Type, L. herhealis, Wlk.

Range. Throughout India and Ceylon.

Paipi smoothly scaled, the 2nd joint reaching vertex o£ head,
the 3rd long and naked ; antenns9 very long and slender, minutely
ciliated in male. Thorax smoothly scaled ; abdomen slender,
with dorsal tul'ts on the first two segments, and usually extending
far beyond the hind wing ; tibisB almost naked. Pore wing with
the apex rounded ; the outer margin evenly curved. Hind wing
with vein 5 from lower angle of cell.

Sect. I. Hind wing with veins 3 and 4 from cell ; male
with the retinaculum not bar-shaped.

2209. Labanda fasciata, Wlk. Cat. xxxii, p. 605; Hmpsn. 111. Ret.
ix, pi. 167, tig. 14 ; C. ^ S. no. 1651.
Diomea muscosa, Wlk. Cat. xxxiii, p. 898 ; C. ^ S. no. 3016.

Head and thorax brownish green, irrorated with black scales ;
abdomen fuscous brown. Fore wing green, irrorated with black ;
subbasal, double ante- and postmedial waved dark lines ; a difl'used
fuscous antemedial or medial band usually present and traces of
the reniform ; an irregularly dentate diftused submargiual line ;

Fig. 206. — Labanda fasciaia, J . {•

cilia dark intersected with green. Hind wing dark fuscous brown.
Underside with a pale mark on costu of fore wing before apex.

Some specimens have whitish suffusion on the medial area of
fore wing.

Ilab. Nilgiris : Ceylon ; Moulmein. E.vp. 36-40 millim.

2210. Labanda griseinigra, u. sp.

Differs from fasciaia in the head, thorax, and fore wing being
variegated with grey, black, and fuscous or browii, but without any
green tinge ; the postmedial line excurved beyond the cell.

Some specimens are brownish, others fuscous and grey, whilst
one has the basal half of fore wing grey with a black patch at base
of costa and broad streak below median nervure from base to above
outer angle ; the medial area suffused with black.

Hah. Sikhim {Eliues, Knyvett) ; Ganjam {Minchin). Exp. 28
millim. Type in coll. Blvves.

LABANBA.

375

2211. Latanda saturalis, Wlk. Cat. xxxiv, p. 1251 ; C. ^ S. no. :3017.
Bocdua nchine, IWd. Itck. Nov. pi. 120, iip;. 18 ; C. Sr S. uo. 3014
Bocana viridalis, Moore, P. Z. S. 1867, p. 88 : C. ^ S. no. 3006.

Differs from fasciata in the ground-colour of the fore wnng
being fuscous brown, irrorated witb green scales ; the sub-basal
and antemedial lines on green bands ; some green patches on the
submargiual irregular line. Underside without the pale pntcb on
costa.

JJab. Cejlon ; E. Pegu. E.V2). 34 millim.

2212. Labanda chloromella, WlJc Cat. xv, p. 1804 ; Hmpsn. III. Het.

ix, pi. 168, Mg. 5 ; C. ^ 8. no. 3015 (part.).

Differs from saturalis in the fore wing having patches of brown
suffusion on basal and outer areas, instead of the basal area being
chietiy green and the outer brown ; the ante- and postmedial lines
white-edged from below costa to inner margin.

Hab. Ceylon. Kej). 26 millim.

2213. Labanda herbealis, W/k. Cat. xvii, p. 284 ; Hmpsn III. Het.

ix, pi. 168, fig. 9; C. ^- S. no. 3015 (part.).
Labanda gramiaalis, Hmpsn. III. Het. ix, p. 133, pi. 167, fig. 23.
Bariana submuscosa, Wlk. Cat. xxxii, p. 604.

Differs from fasciata in the head and thorax being brown. Fore
wing green, suffused with brown and not irrorated wil b black ; the
dark \vaved lines on green bands and more dentate. Hind wing
paler ; underside with slight whitish margin to fore wing : hind
wing with tlie base whitish, the outer area dark with a whitish post-
medial band.

Hab. Ceylon ; Java. Exp. 20-26 millim.

2214. Labanda semipars, Wlk. Cat. sv, p. 1647; Hmpsn. III. Het.'ix,

pi. 168, flg. 3; C. 8f S. uo. 3018.
Bocana pamphosalis, Wlk. Cat. xix, p. 887.
CTerbatha laticincta, IVlk. Cat. xxxiii, p. 913.

Dark red-brown. Fore wing with subbasal, ante- and post-
medial waved dark lines on pale brown bands, the last slightly
excurved beyond cell ; a black line on discocellulars ; an indistinct
dentate submarginal line with a black subapical speck on it. Hind
wing and underside paler.

Bab. Sikhim; W. and S. India; Ceylon; E. Pegu. E.vjp. 28-
30 mUlim.

Sect. II. Hind wing with veins 3 and 4 stalked ; male with
the retinaculum bar-shaped ; the abdomen short.

2215. Labanda orbicularis, Wlk. Cat. xv, p. 1804 ; C. ^ 8. no. 2417.

cJ . Head and thorax black with a few grey and ochreous scales ;
abdomen fuscous. Pore wing black, irrorated with orange ; the

376

yOGTTJlDJE.

outer area grey except at apex ; indistinct waved subbasal, ante-
medial, and postmedial lines ; a black speck at end of cell. Hind
wing fuscous.

JJah. Ceylon. Exjj. 26 milUm.

Genus CHLUMETIA,

Chhimetia, WlJc. Cat. xxxiv, p. 1270 (186.5).
Nachaba, Wlk. Cat. xxvii, p. 11,3 (1863) (prasocc).

Type, 0. transversa, Wlk.

Range. Sikhim ; Ganjam ; Ceylon.

Palpi with the 2nd joint reaching vertex of head and thickly
clothed with scales, the 3rd short ; antennaj of male bipectinated ;
thorax smoothly scaled ; abdomen with dorsal tufts ; tibiai mode-
rately hairy. Eore vnng with hardly a trace of raised buttons of
scales ; veins 8 and 9 anastomosing to form a short areole. Hind
wing with veins 3, 4, and 5 from lower angle of cell.

2216. CMumetia transversa, Wlk. Cat. xxvii, p. 114; Moore, Lep.

Ceyl. iii, pi. 151, fifr. 3 ; C.^ S. no. 2217.
Chliimetia guttiventris, ff^lk. Cat. xxxiv, p. 1271.

5 . Head pale, the base of palpi black ; thorax and abdomen
clothed with rufous, fuscous, and grey scales ; a ventral series of
white spots. Pore wing red-bro\TO with a

/subbasal line ; a double antemedial line ;
indistinct pale orbicular and reniform spots
with rufous medial line between them ; a
double postmedial line, the inner one rufous,
the outer slightly angled at vein 4 ; traces
Pig. 2Qn.—CUimetia of a smuous submarginal line ; a marginal
transversa,^. \. series of black specks. Hind wing fuscous.
The Ganjam specimen is without the white spots on underside
of abdomen.

Hah. Ganjam ; Ceylon. Exp. 18 millim.

2217. Chlumetia alternans, Moore, Lep. Ath. p. 147 ; C. ^- S. no. 2215.
cJ . Differs from transversa in the thorax and abdomen being

darker. Pore wing green, with the basal area dark rufous ; the
lines indistinct except the outer postmedial Hue, which is rufous
and evenly curved ; the orbicular obsolete ; the reniform prominent
and ochreous ; the outer area suffused with white. Hmd wuig
with a marginal series of dark strias.
Hah. Sikhim. Exp. 26 millim.

Genus BARASA.
Bai-asa, Wlk. Journ. Linn. Soc. vi, p. 192 (1862).
Type, B. acronyctoidcs, AVlk.

liancje. Ganjam ; Ceylon ; Borneo. , _

Palpi upturne d, reaching above vertex of head, the 2nd joint

BARASA. BLENINA.

377

thickly scaled, the 3rd long and naked. Antenna fasciculated in
male. Fore wing of male with a tuft of long hair arising from
vein 1 near the base ; veins 3, 4, and 5 from close to angle of cell ;
6 from upper angle ; 9 rising from 10 and anastomosing with 8 to
form the areole. Hind wing with veins 3 and 4 stalked; 5 from
angle of cell ; 6 and 7 from upper angle ; 8 from 7 at middle of
ceil.

2218. Barasa acronyctoides, TFlk. Joum. Linn. Soc. vi, p. 192.
Bai-asa cana, Hmpsn. III. Set. is, p. 107, pi. 163, fig. 5.

cJ . Head and thorax white, irrorated wAh. brown scales ; collar
banded with brown. Pore wing white, ii-rorated with brown;
traces of a subbasal line ; an indistinct dentate antemedial black

line and curved postmedial line ; a marginal series of black specks ;
some patches of brown suffusion on costa and outer area ; the tuft
of hair on vein 1 black. Hind wing pale fuscous.

Hah. Ganjam ; Ceylon ; Borneo. Ea-^., d 28, 2 22 millim.

Genus BLENINA.

Elenina, Wlk. Cat. xiii, p. 1214 (1857).
Eliocroea, Wl7c. Cat. xxxiii, p. 935 (1865).
AmreUa, Moore, Zej). Atk. p. 168 (1882).

Type, B. donans, Wlk.

Range. Throughout India, Ceylon, and Burma ; Andamans ;
Ceram ; New Guinea ; Australia.

Palpi upturned, the 2nd joint reaching vertex of head, the 3rd
of moderate length ; thorax smoothly scaled ; abdomen with slight
tufts at the base on the dorsum. Eore wing short and square,
with the apex nearly rectangular ; the inner margin lobed near
base ; slight tufts of raised scales on antemedial, medial, and post-
medial lines, and on discocellulars ; the areole long and narrow ;
the retinaculum bar-shaped in male. Hind wiug with veins 2, 3,
4, and 5 from lower angle of cell.

Sect. I. (Blenina). Antenna) of male minutely ciliated; fore wing
with the outer margin slightly excised towards outer angle ;
hind wing rounded.

2219. Blenina donans, Wlk. Cat. xiii, p. 1215 ; Moore, Lep. Ceyl. iii,
pi. 160, fig. 2 ; C.^ S. no. 2264.

378

NOCTTTIDJE.

.Bleuiua grisea, Moore, P. Z. S. 1877, p. 607, pi. GO, fig. 1 ; C. v^- S.
no. 2205.

Bleiiiuii pannosa, Moore, Zep. AtJi. p. 157, pi. 5, fig. 4 ; C. ^- S.
no. 2207.

Head and thorax grey, suffused with fuscous ; abdomeu orange
f idvous, M-ith the slight tuft at base gi-ey. Fore wing grey slightly
suffused with fuscous, and with a green tinge in places ; somew liat
indistinct waved subbasal, oblique medial and postmedial, and
irregular submarginal dark lines ; a dark streak from the disco-

Fig. 209.- — Bienina donans, cJ . \.

cellulars to the submarginal line above outer angle. Hind wing
orange with marginal fuscous-black border, widest at apex.

The form grisea has a large black spot below end of cell, and
I'ather more green suffusion on fore wing : pannosa is a greener
form, A\ith a large fuscous patch on the outer half of the inner area
of fore wing.

Hah. Nilgiris ; Ceylon ; Andamans ; Kew Guinea. Exp. 40
millim.

2220. Bienina accipiens, Wlk. Cat. xiii, p. 1215 ; Moore, Lep. Ceijl. iii,

pi. 160, fig. 3 ; C. ^- S. no. 2263.

Differs from donans in the thorax being browner. Pore wing
suffused with fuscous brown ; some specimens with the inner area
fuscous, others -with the basal area and the whole area beyond the
medial line suffused. Hind wing with the basal half suffused with
brown; the outer band more irregular and widest at costa.

Hab. Throughout India, Ceylon, and Burma ; Australia. Exj}.
38 millim.

2221. Bienina lichenosa, Moore, P. Z. S. 1877, p. 607, pi. 60, fig. 2 ;

C. Sr S. no. 2266.
Bienina variegata, Moore, Le^}. Atk. p. 157 ; C. ^- S. no. 2269.

Differs from donans in the antemedial line of fore wing being
more obliquely waved and with a line beyond it below cell ; a
black speck in cell ; the postmedial line more waved and incurved
below cell. Hind wing fulvous brown, with, an orange postmedial
band not reaching costa ; underside with a medial dark band.

Lichenosa has the thorax dark ; the abdomeu fiilvous brown ;
fore wing with the basal part green, the rest of wing dark red-
brown suffused with fuscous. Var'mjaia is much greyer, the

BLBNINA. — CLETTHARIN-A.

379

hinder part of collar dark ; fore wmg with the basal, medial, costal,
and outer areas greeu and fuscous ; the medial area white.
Another form has uhe head and thorax green ; fore wing with the
basal and apical areas bright green, the medial area gre^-.
Hab. Sikhim ; Nagas ; Andamaus. Exp. 40-42 millim.

2222. Blenina Ctuinaria, Moore, Lep. Ath. p. 158, pi. v, fig. 5 ; C.Sf S.

no. 'i-im.

Differs from accipiens in the fore wing having the ground-colour
of costal half ochreous ; the inner half whitish ; the basal two-
thirds shghtly suffused with green ; a black patch on basal inner
area ; some specimens with a black fascia from base to outer angle
sending two spurs to the cell. Hind wing yellow-brown instead
of orange ; the outer band regular and widest at apex.

Hab. Sikhim. Exp. 40 millim.

Sect. II. {Amrella). Antennae of male (?) fasciculate ; fore and
hind wings with the outer margins angled in the middle.

*2223. Blenina angnlipennis, 3Ioore, Lep. Ath. p. 158, pi. v, fig. 6 ;
C. Sf S. no. 2270.

(5 . Head and thorax olive-green ; abdomen greyish. Pore
wing olive-green, with four irregular black grey-bordered lines, of
which the postmedial is the most prominent and bent inwards
below vein 3 ; some black specks at middle of cell and two on
costa towards apex. Hind wing greyish, with a broad fuscous
marginal band ; the basal area suffused with ochreous. Underside
ochreous, with narrow medial and broad outer fuscous bands.

Hab. Sikhim. E.v^. 44 millim.

Genus CLETTHARINA, nov.

Type, 0. nitens, Hmpsn.
Range. Burma.

Palpi upturned, the 2nd joint reaching above vertex of head, the
3rd short ; antennte almost simple in male. Eetinaculiim bar-
shaped in male. Pore wing with the costa arched at base and very
broad ; vein 9 arising from 10, and anastomosing with 8 to form
the areole. Hind wing with veins 3 and 4 from cell. The raised
scales on fore wing taking the form of a band near end of cell from
subcostal nervure to vein 1 ; male with the area near anal angle of
hind wing clothed with modified scales.

2224. Clettharina nitens, n. sp.

S . Head, thorax, and abdomen silvery grey with a red-brown
tinge. Fore wing silvery grey, the cell and interno-median inter-
space with a golden line as far as the band of raised scales ; traces
of two very irregularly waved postmedial lines and a submarginal

380

NOCTUIBjE.

series of specks. Hind wing silvery grey ; the modified scales
on anal area white.

Fig. 210. — Clcttharina, niteiiH, cJ. \,

Hah. E. Pegu, 5000 feet {Dolieriy). Exjp. 30 millim. Type in
coll. Elwes.

Genus ARGYROTHEIPA, nov.
Type, A. lilacina, Moore.

Eange. Sikhim ; Indian Peninsula ; Ceylon ; Burma.

Palpi upturned, the 2nd joint reaching vertex of head, the 3rd
usually long ; antennae of male with long cilia ; thorax and abdo-
men smoothly scaled. Pore wing with veins 8 and 9 anastomosing
to form the areole, which is long. Hind wing with vein 5 from
close to angle of cell.

Sect. I. Hind wing with veins 3 and 4 from cell.
2225. Argyrothripa lilacina, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 289.

cJ . Head and thorax brown ; coUar and tegulse white ; abdomen
pale fuscous. Pore wing silky white with a slight fuscous tinge ;
a very indistinct waved antemedial line with two raised specks of

Pig. 211. — Argyrothripa lilacina, \-

scales on it in the cell ; a raised speck of scales at end of cell ; a
highly excurved and dentate postmedial line ; three dark specks on
the costa before the apex ; a waved submarginal pale line. Hind
wing pale brownish fuscous.

Hah. Sikhun ; Ceylon. Exp. 32 millim.

2226. Argyrothripa orbifera, n. sp.

c? . Palpi with the 3rd joint short ; the retinaculum bar-shaped.
Head, thorax, and abdomen yellowish grey. Pore wing leaden
grey, suffused with olive-green as far as the postmedial line : the
base and inner margin pale grey ,: the outer area coppery red ; the
reniform a prominent round black-edged spot witli grey centre ;
the postmedial line sinuous ; an indistinct irregular submarginal
line. Hind wing pale fuscous.

ARGTEOTHBIPA.

381

TTah. E. Pegu, 5000 feet (DoJiertij). Exp. 24 millim. Type in
coll. Ehves.

2227. Argyrothripa occulta, Swinh. P. Z. S. 1885, p. 4G1, pi. 27,

fig. 11 ; a ^- S. no. 2426.

5 . Eeddish brown. Eore wing irrorated with black ; black
basal streaks on vein 1 and inner margin ; a waved antemedial
line ; a dark speck in cell ; the reniform large and indistinct ; a
double curved postmedial line ; a large subtriangdar grey patch
on apical part of costa with an indentation in its outer edge ; the
veins streaked with blacli at the margin. Hind wing dark fuscous ;
underside with cell-spot, postmedial line, and the outer area
fuscous.

Hab. Poona. Exp. 30 millim.

2228. Argyrothripa xanthosticta, n. sp.

c? . Brownish grey ; palpi white with the sides black ; fore tibiae
tufted and with a black spot on them. Fore wing with irregular
antemedial line with diffused brown band inside it ; a medial sinuous
line angled on median nervure ; the reniform bright yellow ; a
postmedial sinuous line recurved to near lower angle of cell, with
some browTi suffusion beyond it ; an indistinct irregularly waved
submarginal line; some brown suffusion on outer margin. Hind
wings whitish ; the outer area fuscous.

Hab. Sikkim. Exp. 36 millim. Type in coll. Elwes.

Sect. II. Ilind wing with yeins 3 and 4 stalked.

2229. Argyrothripa grisea, Hmpsn. III. Set. Vni, p. 87, pi. 146, fig. 13.

c? . Head, thorax, and fore wing silvery grey, irrorated with
fuscous ; the last with the antemedial, medial, and postmedial
double hnes prominent ; a dentate submarginal line ; the median
nervure at end of cell and the discocellulars dotted with ferruginous
scales ; a medial fuscous patch on the costa ; a series of marginal
specks. Hind wing and abdomen fuscous.

Hab. Nilgiris. Exp. 30 millim.

2230. Argyrothripa pallescens, Hmpsn. Bl. Het. ix, p. 108, pi. 163,

fig. 25.

(S . Pale greyish white with a brownish tinge. Eore wing with
very indistinct double antemedial, medial, and postmedial waved
lines and single submarginal line. Hind wing whitish fuscous.

Hab. Ceylon. Exp. 24 millim.

2231. Argyrothripa robusta, Moore, Zep. Ath. p. 288.

. Head and thorax pale and dark brown ; abdomen pale.
Eore wing very pale reddish brown as far as tlie double highly
curved postmedial lines, which are dark and prominent, the
area beyond them grey ; indistinct subbasal and antemedial waved
lines ; a dark streak below the cell, terminating in a black medi^il

382

N0CTUIDJ5.

spot ; inner margin suffused with fuscous ; an indistinct waved
submarginal line. Hind wing fuscous.

? . The basal area of the fore wing darker and without the
streak and spot.

llab. Sikhini. Exp., S 26, $ 30 millim.

2232. Argyrothripa niveidisca, n. sp.

cJ . Head greyish ; thorax white ; abdomen pale fuscous, with
black basal dorsal tuft. Fore wing white, pinkish towards the
apical area which is black ; a triangular black patch on centre of
inner margin; some grey on outer margin. Hind wing pale,
slightly suffused with fuscous at apex.

Hah. Tenasserim {Doherty). E.vp. 24 millim. Type in coll.
Druce.

Genus NEOTHRIPA, nov.

Type, N. punctistigma, Hnipsn.
Raii(je. Simla ; Khasis.

Palpi upturned, the 2nd joint reaching vertex of head and roughly
scaled, the 3rd short. Thorax with a high spreading tuft of scales
on vertex. Pore wing with the costa arched near base, of almost
even width thoughout ; vein 8 anastomosing with 9 to form tlie
areole which is short ; the raised tufts very slight. Hind wing
with vein 5 from below centre of discocellulars and depressed at
origin; 3 and 4 from angle of cell.

2233. Neothripa punctistigma, n. sp.

Head and thorax grey-brown ; abdomen pale fuscous. Pore
wing greyish fuscous, the basal and medial costal areas suffused
with grey-green ; subbasal, ante- and postmedial waved lines, the
last excurved beyond the cell ; orbicular and reniform outlined by
specks of slightly raised black scales ; a diffused irregularly waved
submarginal line. Hind wing fuscous ; miderside with cell-spot
and irregularly sinuous postmedial line.

Hah. Simla {Harford). Exp. 30 millim. Type in B. M.

2234. Neothripa glaucescens, n. sp.

(5 . Head and thorax grey-green mingled mth black scales ; 3rd
joint of palpi black ; abdomen whitish with a fuscous tinge. Pore

Fig. 212. — Neothripa glaucescens, (j'. \.

wing grey-green, the outer area fuscous except at apex ; numerous
white specks on basal area ; a dark patch at end of cell and another

NEOTUKIPA. — CIjETTIIABBA.

383

below tlie end, the former with some erect black scales on it ;
faint traces of antemedial, medial, postmedial, and submarginal
waved lines, the last with three reddish subapical streaks crossing
it ; a marginal series of black specks. Hind wing pale fuscous ;
underside with cell-spot and sinuous postmedial line.

Hah. Khasis, 4,000 feet (Mwes). Exp. 28 millim. Type in
coll. Elwes.

Genus HYPOTHRIPA, nov.

Type, H. ciiriosa, Swinh.
Range. Burma.

Palpi upturned, the 2nd joint reaching vertex of head, the 3rd
long. Pore wing with veins 8 and 9 anastomosing to form the
areole, which is long. Hind wing with veins 3 and 4 stalked, 5
absent.

2235. Hypothripa curiosa, Swinh. Trans. Ent. Soc. 1890, p. 235.

. Head and thorax greyish fuscous; abdomen brownish.

Eore wing pale browm suffused
witli purplish grey ; two waved
brown antemedial lines ; a finer
medial line and indistinct erenu-
late postmedial and submarginal
lines ; a dark brown apical
patch. Hind wing whitish, with
fuscous suffusion on apical area.
Underside of fore wing fuscous,
with a pale patch on costa near apex with dark strias on it. Hind
wing whitish, with the costal area fuscous.

Another specimen has the antemedial lines of hind wing more
oblique, the apical patch absent.

Rab. Eangoon ; Tenasserim. Exp. 24 millim.

2236. Hypothripa cana, n. sp.

$ . Head and thorax greyish white ; abdomen brownish white.
Pore wing greyish white, \vith faint traces of waved antemedial,
medial, postmedial, and submarginal hnes. Hind wing semihyaline
and opalescent ; the apical area shghtly tinged with fuscous."

Hab. E. Pegu, 5000 feet {Doherty). ' Exp. 32 milHm. Type in
coll. Elwes.

Fig. 213. — Hypothripa airiosa, .

Genus CLETTHAERA.

Clettharra, Wlk. Cat. xxvii, p. 101 (1863).
Orosa, Wlk. Cat. xxxiv, p. 1222 (1865).

Type, 0. valida, Wlk.

Eanr/e. Karachi ; Bombay ; Nilgiris ; Ceylon ; E. Himalayas •
Assam ; Burma ; Andamans ; Borneo. '
Palpi upturned and slightly scaled. AntennjB minutely ciliated

384

NOCTiriDiE.

in male and simiile in female. Fore wing with veins 3, 4, 5 from
near angle of cell ; 0 from upper angle ; veins 7, 8, 9 stalked. Hind
■wing with veins 3 and 4 usually stalked; 5 from just above angle
of cell ; 6 and 7 from upper angle, 8 from middle of cell.

Sect. I. Tore wing with vein 10 stalked with 7, 8, 9 ;
hind wing with veins 3, 4 stalked.

2237. Clettharra valida, Wllc. Cat. xxvli, p. 101 ; mnpsn. HI. Ret.
ix, pi. 163, 12.
Head, thorax, and abdomen pale brown. Eore wing pale red-
brown, an oblique black streak
from the costa near base to
above centre of inner margin ;
a waved antemedial pale line ;
a postmedial line angled out-
wards beyond the cell ; the
inner area grey from the base
,., , , to the postmedial line; the
Fig. 2\^.-CleUharTa vahda, J . 1- ^^.^^^ ^^^^ suffused with white ;

tbree blaclii costal striffi before the apex ; two black streaks above
outer angle, which is suffused Nvifch black and white. Hmd wing
white, slfghtly suffused with fuscous towards outer margin.
Hah. Ceylon ; Borneo. Exj). 24 millim.

2238. Clettharra albonotata, n. sp.

^ Differs from valida in the thorax being marked with white.
Fore"wing without the oblique black streak ; three waved white
antemedial lines ; a triangular white patch on centre of inner
marein • the postmedial line indistinct and excm-ved, not angled
bevoud cell ; a triangular white patch with black mark on it on
an cal part of costa ; a white spot on centre of outer margin .
T«6 Tenasserim {Doherty). Eccp. 24 millnn. Type m coll.

Druce.

2239 Clettbarra basalis, Moore, Lep. Ceyl. iii, p. 105, pi. 158, fig. 7 ;

C.Sf S. no. 2431.

Differs from valida in the fore wing being more uniform brown
with no white on inner margin ; a black patch at base of cos a ;
the waved line medial, more distinct, and erect; the h^S^^kv ^"gl'^J
potwial Une arising from the costa beyond the middle. Hind
wing with the outer area more suffused with fuscous.

Eab. Ceylon. E.vi). 22 milhm.

2240 Clettharra variegata, n. sp.

A Head and thorax pale reddish brown, collar marked with

CLBTXnAnUA.

385

series of black specks. Hind wing whitish ; underside with a
diffused fuscous line across the apex.

Hah. Nagas ; Tenasseriin {Dohertij). Exp. 20 millira. Type
in coll. Elwes.

2241. Clettharra tortricoides, Wlk.Cat. xxxiv, p.l223 ; Hmpsn. III.
Het. ix, pi. 163, tig. 23 ; C. iS" S. no. 2949.

5 . Pale red-brown. Eore wing with a patch of dark scales on
basal costal area ; medial, postmedial, and submarginal series of
dark specks, the postmedial series highly escurved beyond the cell.

Hah. Ceylon. Exp. 20 millim.

Sect. II. Fore wing with vein 10 from the cell.
A. Hind wing ivitJi veins 3 and 4 staUced.

2242. Cletthan-a vitea, Stvinh. P. Z. S. 1885, p. 460, pi. 27, fio- 17 ■

C. (.5- S. no. 2428 ; Hvipsn. III. Het. ix, pi. 163, fig. 24. "

J . Head, thorax, and abdomen dark fuscous, the last with
dorsal tufts. Pore wing with the basal half black, the outer half
brown suffused with fuscous ; subbasal and antemedial lines of
raised scales which stop at the median nervure ; medial and post-
medial nearly straight lines of raised scales ; a large reniform
stigma with double black and fuscous outline. Hind wing dark
fuscous.

$ . Head, thorax, and abdomen paler ; the outer area of
the fore wing suffused with greyish white. Hind wing pale
fuscous.

Hah. Bombay ; Khandala ; Ceylon. Exp., ^ 22, 5 24 millim.

2243. Clettharra nigridisca, Hmpsn. III. Het. yiii, p. 87, pi. 146, fig. 11.

2 . Very pale brown. Pore \ving with a large lozenge-shaped
black patch occupying the greater part of the medial area, and
sending a fascia to the outer margin below the apex ; a black
streak on vein 2 ; two black specks on costa towards apex. Hind
wing whitish.

Hah. Nilgiris. Exp. 24 millim.

2244. Clettharra sceptica, Sicinh. P. Z. S. 1885, p. 461, nl 27 fio- n .
C. c5- & no. 2430. ^

d . Head, thorax, and fore wing pale grey ; the last with a few
darker scales forming traces of subbasal, medial, postmedial, and
submarginal waved lines ; a dark speck at end of cell and one at
origin of vein 2 ; a series of marginal specks. Abdomen and hind
wing pale fuscous.

Hah. Bombay ; E. Pegu ; Andamans. E.vp. 21 millim.
VOL. II. 2o '

ggQ KOCTUIDjE.

2245. Clettharra apicalis, n. sp. j -o , i

^ Head, thorax, and fore wing wbitisb, irrorated x^ath dark
scale; abdomen pale brown. Pore wing with a dar^c patch at
W of costHnd blackish patch at base ; a black speck below angle
S cell °ome reddish suffusion beyond the cell; traces of ante-
media,' postmedial, and submarginal waved lines ; a ^^^^^^^^ ^
S black specks. Hind wing whitish ; the outer area suffused with

^''71':R.-Pega(Doherty). 30 millim. Type in coll. Elwes.

2246. Clettharra punctata, Swinh. Trans. Ent. Soc. 1890, p. 236, pi. 7,
Very p^U'reddish brown. Pore wing with three obliquel^^^^^^^^^^^

whie brownish fuscous, darkest towards outer margin. _

1'. slSaim ; Bhutln ; Ndgas ; Eangoon ; Tenasserim. E.p.

22 miUim.

2247. Clettharra triangularis, D. sp.

Hi.d ^n, with th, .pical .re.

in coU. Elwes.

B Hind .i^ n,itn veins 3 and 4 from cell ; palpi sUrt and sli.M
2248 Clettharra »nea, M. P. Z. S. 1884, p. 620, pi. 48, fig. ;
C. 8r S. no. 2405.

2 Puscous brown. Eore wiug with traces of subbasal, ante-
medial, and submarginalw^ved bands.
Hab. Kardchi. Exp. 24 milhm.

nervure tufted.

2249 Clettharra fioccifera, n. sp.

Ly pale red^brown . ^g^^^ ^.^^S ^J^^f ;
black below. Fore wing ^J^^^ lines from the costa ;

faint traces of ^^^^^^^^ Zt^l hY dark streaks on the veins ;
the postmedial hue \epre euted by ^

some dark specks on the ^^^^^ ^J"^.,; W. 22 millim. Type
JIab. Ndgas; Tenasserim {Doheitrj). i> i

in coll. Elwes.

SAEEOTHMPA.

387

Genus SARROTHEIPA.

Sarrotliripa, Curt. BriL Ent. i, fig. 29 (1824).
Axia, Hiilm. Verz. p. 395 (1818, non descr.).
Symitha, Wlk. Cat. xxxv, p. 1731 (186(3).
Subrita, Wlk. Cat. xxxv, p. 1743.

Type, S. revayana. Scop., from Europe.

Range. Nearctic region ; Europe ; Sikhim ; Naga Hills ; Ceylon ;
Pegu ; Java ; Borneo.

Palpi very long, obliquely porrect, and heavily scaled. Antennje
minutely ciliated in male. Pore leg with the femur and tibia
fringed with very long hair. Pore wing long and narrow, the
apex bent downwards ; veins 3, 4, 5 from near angle of cell ; 6
from below upper angle; 7 from upper angle; 8, 9, 10 stalked.
Hmd wing with veins 3 and 4 stalked ; 5 from angle of cell; 6 and
7 from upper angle ; 8 from middle of cell.

2250. Sarrothripa sinuosa, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 289.

_ Grey. The fore wing crossed by numerous indistinct waved
lines, of which the double irregular ante- and postmedial are the
most distinct; a sinuous series of submarginal black specks;
a diffused fuscous patch on middle of costa. Hind wino- pale
fuscous. ^

In the E. Pegu specimen the markings are darker ; the costal
patch blackish, with a white spot beyond it between the post-
medial and submarginal Hues.

Hah. Sikhim ; Nagas ; E. Pegu. Exp. 26 millim.

*2251. Sarrothripa fasciosa, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 289.

$ . Grey-brown. Pore wing with a brown subbasal and two
antemedial slightly outwardly oblique bands, an erect medial
sinuous hne ; an excurved waved postmedial line with some dark
suftusion beyond it ; a submarginal sinuous fuscous baud ; a pale-
edged lunule at end of cell. Hind vring pale fuscous.

Hah. Sikhim. Exp. 25 millim.

2252. Sarrothripa indicatana, Wlk. C«^. xxviii, p. 333 ; Hmpsn. III.
Met. IX, pi. 163, fig. 13. ^

Head and thorax whitish, much suffused with black. Fore wing

Fig. 215.— Sarrothripa indkafana, ij. \,

grey, irrorated with fuscous ; indistinct antemedial, medial, and

2c2

388

JTOOTTIIDjE.

postmedial double waved lines; large blackish ante- and post-
medial patches on the cosla, and one on the middle of mner margin ;
white medial and apical costal patches, the former with two black
specks on it ; a submarginal maculate waved Une. Abdomen and
hind wing pale fuscous.

Hah. Ceylon ; Nagas. Exp. 20 milhin.

2253. Sarrothripa nolalella, Wlh. Cat. xxxv, p. 1731 ; Hmpm. III.

^^^S^^mcl. Reis. Nov. pi. lOG, fig. 19; C ^ S.
no. 2429.

Differs from indicatana in the antemedial, medial, and post-
medial lines being better defined ; the last curved but not waved ;
the white medial and black postmedial patches on the costa absent •
also the black patch on inner margin ; the waved submargmal
line not so prominent. Hind wing dark fuscous.

Hab. Ceylon ; Java. Exp. 22 miUim.

Subfamily EUTELTIN^.

Palpi with the 2nd ioint straight ; abdomen longer than the
hind wing, with a long tubular or paired anal tufts. Tore wnig
in^inl in width to' outer margm ; veins 8 and 9 anastomo.^^^^
to form the areole. Hind wmg with veins 3 4, 5 trom iox^er
angle of ceH, 5 beiiag fully developed; veins 6, 7 from upper

angle. „ , , • i ^

Larvce with 4 pah-s of abdominal prolegs.

Key to the Genera.

A. Abdomen with a long tuhular anal tuft. j^c^xmA, p. 388.

a. Antennfe of normal length. • . ' f ^gc)_

6. Antenna3almost.as long as 0^^^^ I tali p 390.

B. Abdomen with paired anal tutts ' >^

Genus INGURA.

Ingura, Guen. Noct. ii. p. 309 (1852).

Tvpe, I. lunodes, Guen., from America. -Rvipndlv
Rcn^le. Nearctic, Neotropical, and Oriental regions; Fiiendly

upturned, reaching just above vertex of J-ad ; thox.x
smoothly s'caled; abdomen vvith tuft oi. Is -g-"* -d ve^ long,

of male bipectinated to two-thirds length; the tibia, hairy.

INGTJUA. — ANTTGA.

389

SiECT. II. Palpi nearly naked ; antenna) of male pectinated for two-
thirds length ; tore tibiae with a tuft of long Lair from the
feiuoro-tibial joint.

A. Antennce of male luiih the brancTies on the
outer side very short.

22.54. Ingiira subapicalis, Wlk. Cat. xii, p. 883 ; C. S. no. 1199.
Ingura lecurrens, Wlk. Cat. xv, p. 1779.

Dark fuscous grejisli brown. Pore wing with double dark ante-
medial line incurved below the cell ;
minute and very indistinct orbicular and
renif orm spots ; an obscm-e waved medial
line ; a double postmedial line highly
angled outwards beyond the cell, with a
chocolate patch beyond it on the costa ;
traces of a pale waved submarginal line ;
a lunulate marginal line. Hind wing ^^ith
the basal area pale ; the veins and outer
area fuscous ; a pale patch at anal angle.
Hab. N.'W. Himalayas ; Karachi ; Calcutta. Kvp., d 28,
5 36 millim.

Pig. 216.

Ingura subapicalis, .

B. Antennw of male hijpectinate, the branches stiff.

2255. Ingura cristatrix, Guen. Nod. ii, p. 313 ; C. S; S. no. 1198.

Head, thorax, and abdomen brownish grey. Pore wing red-
brown ; an oblique dark hne from lower angle of cell to inner
margin near base, the area inside it pinkish ochreous ; a speck at
lower angle of cell and obscure line from it to inner margin ; a
postmedial line highly excurved to near outer margin, then bent
inwards to near lower angle of cell and inner margin, the area
inside it pinkish ochreous ; apex grey or ochreous ; an indis-
tinct highly dentate submarginal line. Hind wing whitish, more
or less suffused with brown, and with a pale patch at anal angle.

Hah. Nilgiris ; Andamans ; Java ; Priendly Islands. Exp. 30-
36 millim.

Genus ANUGA.

Amiga, Gum. Noct. ii, p. 307 (18.52).

Piada, Wlk. Cat. xv, p. 1746 (1858).

Coecila, Wlk. Cat. xv, p. 1824 (1858).

Spersara, Wlk. Journ. Linn. Soc. vii, p. 174 (1864).

Type, A. constricta, Guen.

Range. China ; Sikhim ; Malabar Coast ; Andamans ; Borneo ;
Java.

Palpi upturned, the 2nd joint not reaching the vertex of head
and fringed with hair in front, the 3rd short and naked ; vertex
of head with ridges of hair ; anteunsB very long, with uniseriate

390

HOCTTJIDJE,

short branches in male. Thorax and abdomen smoothly scaled,
the latter long with tubular anal tuft. Fore wing very long and
narrow ; the apex rounded ; the outer margin oblique ; the cilia
crenulate ; male with a narrow costal fold acting as retinaculum.
Hind wing with the cilia crenulate; the outer margin excised
tow^ards anal angle.

2256. Anuga constricta, Gum. Noct. ii, p. 308; C. 8f S. no. 2208.

Piada multiplicans, Wlk. Cat. xv, p. 1747 ; Hmpsn. 111. Met. viu,

pi. 143, fig. 7; C. ^- no. 1878.
Speisara glaucopoides, WlJc. Journ. Lmn. Soc. \n, p. i/o.
Ccecila complexa, WUt. Cat. xv, p. 1826.
Grey, suffused with reddish fuscous ; abdomen with the dorsum
paler, "except the penultimate segment. Fore wing with waved
^ subbasal line ; double w^aved ante-

medial line, single medial, double
postmedial, and single submarginal
lines ; a speck at middle of cell, and
black and chestnut lunule at end
of it ; the outer area fuscous, Mnth.
a series of marginal black specks.
Hind wing with indistinct medial
and postmedial ochreous lines only
Pig- 217- developed towards inner margin ;

A7iuga constricta, 6. h ^ j^^.^^ ochreous marginal patch

towards anal angle ; a series of black and ochreous marginal specks ;
nnderside with large deep black cell-spot and J^]-^^^^^
waved lines, the outer with ochreous patch on it towards anal

he form muUiplicans has the fore wing
ochreous; hind wing with the ochreous patch above anal angle

^Ta6. Hongkong ; Canara; Nilgiris ; Andamans ; Singapore;
Borneo; Java. Exp., d 46, ? 50 milhm.

2257. Anuga Wata, Moore, P. Z. S. 1867, p. 62 ; C. ^ S. no. 2209.

Differs from constricta in the fore .ving having ^^s^t^l
area ochreous; the waved lines blackish and minutely dentate
rorbTcular L small ring-spot ; the "^^J^tal S"le
vino- with the medial line more distinct ; the patch at ^^^^^'^^
TmaJler, rufous at margin, and with black specks mside it , under
side with the cell-spot small.
Bab. Sikhim. Kvp. 40 mdhm.

Genus EUTELIA.

Eutelia, man. Verz p^259 (1818).
Eurhipia, Boisd. Ind.Meth. p. 7o (1829).
Penicillaria, Gum. Noct. P- ^O"^ (18^->
Targalla, Wlk. C«<. xin, p. 100/ (1850.
Cryassa, Vi/c. Cat. xv, p. 1745 (1858).

■EUTBLIA.

391

Type, E. adulatn.v, Hiibn., from Europe.

Range. N. aud S. America; throughout India, Ceylon, and
Burma : Andamans ; Java ; Australia.

Differs from Jnqura in the thorax and abdomen bemg typically
stouter, the latter'with a pair of anal tufts and extremely slight
dorsal tufts on medial segments.

Sect. I. (Targalla). Antennae of male almost simple.

A. Fo)-e wing with the outer margin slightly angled, the cilia
crenulate ; tihice hairy.

2258. Eutelia delatrix, Guen. Nod. ii, p. 304; C. 8f S. no. 2193.
Penicillaria palliatrix, Guen. Noct. ii, p. 305.
Penicillaria ludatrix, Wlk. Cat. xv, p. 1773.
Targalla infida, Wlk. Cat. xiii, p. 1008 ; C. Sf S. no. 2194 ; Moore,

Lap. Ceyl. iii, pi. 151, figs. 6, 6 a (larva).
Cryassa bifacies, Wlk. Cat. xv, p. 1745 ; Moore, Lep. Ceyl. ui,

pi. 151, iigs. 5, 5 a ; C. 8f S. no. 2192.
Eutelia repleta, Wlk. Cat. xxxiii, p. 821 ; C. S. no. 2195.
Eutelia impleta, Wlk. Cat. xxxiii, p. 822.
Eutelia plusioides, Wlk. Cat. xxxiii, p. 822.
Eurhipia prfetexta, Feld. Reis. Nov. pi. Ill, fig. 24.

DuU red-brown. Fore wing with the basal half dart, bounded

by a slightly oblique line with whitish
edge ; the outer area paler red-brown,
with a triangular chocolate patch
before apex with pale edges and
three pale specks on it ; the reniform
narrow and grey; traces of very
numerous waved lines. Hind wing
dark fuscous brown ; the inner margin
and vein 2 with some rufous specks
V iT ■^'f'?^-^' , , on them: the cilia rufous. Under-

side with the basal and inner areas
paler ; fore wing with some grey towards apex and two post-
medial lines ; hind wing with black cell-spot aud three minutely
waved lines.

The form palliatHx sometimes has, beyond the cell of fore wing,
slight dark marks, which may, however, be quite absent ; in delatrix
there is a large dark triangular mark beyond the cell and a dark
speck on inner margin ; bifacies has an olive tinge and is much
more variegated ; the reniform normally whito and quadrate.

Larva green, the sides paler ; a slender subdorsal whitish
line and series of small lateral spots, or the line may be yellow
with another hne between the spiracles, which are brown, with a
few short hairs from them. Pupa in a slight cocoon under
leaves.

Ifab. Throughout India, Ceylon, and Burma; Java; Australia.
E.Lp. 30-34 millim.

392

B. Fove wing ivith the outer margin nol angled, the cilia 7ion-
crenulate ; tibice almost naked.

2259. Eutelia deleta, H7npsn. III. Set. viii, p. 81, pi. 146, fig. 15.
Greyish fuscous brown ; head and metathorax dark ; palpi with

a pale"spot at base of 2nd joint in front; base of abdomen pale
above. Fore wing greyish ; the outer area suflused with brown ;
traces of several oblique lines ; a sinuous postmedial double line
angled below costa and excurved round end of cell, then obhque
to'centre of inner margin. Hind wing dark fuscous brown; the
underside pale, with waved lines on outer area.
Mab. Sikhim; Nilgiris; Ceylon, ^.ip. 24 millim.

2260. Eutelia cinctipalpis, Ccd. xsxiii, p. 820; Hmpsn. 111.

rnt. ix, pi. 103, fig. 16 ; C.Sf S. no. 2202.
JEgiMa. angulata, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 146 ; C.^ S. no. 2382.

P Differs from deleta in the lines of the fore vrmg being less
oblique and more waved: the postmedial line not better defined
than the others nor angled below the costa ; palpi with pale spots
on 2nd joint in front. , qa n o«

Hah. Sikhim ; Manipur ; Nagas ; Ceylon. E.vp., 6 rfO, V ^»

millim.

2261. Eutelia alMceps, n. sp.

Palpi whitish, black at base ; the vertex of head whitish ;
thorax dark purplish brown; abdomen dark red, with the base
purplish. Eore Ming ^Adth the basal half dark purplish Avith
indistinct subbasal line, obliquely curved green anteinedial hue and
bounded by the pale elongate reniform and a double dark line trom
median nervure to inner margin; the outer area pale purphsh
fuscous, with three indistinct rufous waved postmedial mes angled
below the costa, and with a large black V-mark on them beyond
ceU • a triangular rufous patch on costa before apex, with a green
spot below it ; an indistinct waved submarginal line Hind wing
dark fuscous, with traces of a pale postmedia line and some
rufous patches near anal angle ; underside greyish, with ceU-spot
and three waved lines. T,.,-,*. in

Hah. Tenasserim Valley {Boherty). Eap. 22 milhm. Type m

coll. Druce.

2262. Eutelia ohscura, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 146; C. 8; S. no. 2384.

Head and collar chocolate; thorax dark purphsh red-brown;
nhdnmen naler Tore wing dark fuscous red-bro^^•n ; the costal
Sea puipS? a rufous sf,eck in cell; some black and rufous
strigJB on the apical part of outer margin.

Bab. Sikhim ; mg^ ; Borneo. E..p. 30 milhm.

EIJTELIA.

393

2263. Eutelia mediifascia, n. sp.

Olive-biwu ; base of abdomen with a pale band. Fore wing
oUve-o-reen ; a double antemedial curved line ; a pale medial band ;
a double postmedial line exc-ur\ ed beyond cell ; some short streaks
on outer area ; a pale dentate, submarginal line. Hind wuig dark
fusfous, with a pale spec): on outer margin at vein 2.

Hub. E. Pegu (Doherty) ; Perak (Kunstler). Exp. 22 milhm.
Type in coll. Elwes.

2264. Eutelia albomaculata, n. sp.

5 . Puscous red-brown ; abdomen with pale basal band. Fore
wing' with traces of double ante- and postmedial lines, dentate sub-
marginal hue, and dark spot at end of ceU. Hind wing mth the
basal half pale, the outer fuscous.

Hub. Sikhim {_Ehves). £xj>. 22 miUim. Type in coll. Elwes.

Sect. II. (Penicillaria). Antennas of male serrate, wdth fascicles
of long ciha ; the ciha of fore wing non-crenulate.

2265 Eutelia jocosatrix, Gicm. Nod. ii, p. 304; Moore, Lep. Ceyl.
iii, pi. 151, figs. 8, 8 a (larva) ; C. Sr S. no. 2199.

Dark purphsh red-brown. Pore wing with traces of subbasal
line ; an indistmct antemedial line angled on median nervure ; a
postmedial hne angled beyond cell, with chocolate below the angle,
and joined by a chocolate patch from costa inside the indistinct
submarginal angled whitish line ; a pale streak and slight fold from
centre of cell to outer margin. Hind wing white, with dark cell-
spot ; the outer area purphsh brown ; underside with the cell-spot
very prominent and black.

Larva green, with sublateral dark strise ; the somites with
small purple spots and a subdorsal series of larger spots ; a few
hairs from the spiracles. Pood-plant Terminalia belerica. _

Bab. Throughout India and Ceylon; Java. EajJ. 30 millim.

2266. Eutelia maculata, Butl III. Set. vii, p. 71, pi. 130, fig. 5.

Differs from jocosatrix in the fore wing having the anternedial
Hne on a diffused ochreous band with a greyish-white line inside
it ; a white line beyond the postmedial line, with a black spot
below its angle ; a black speck in the angle of the inner line ; no
chocolate patches ; some bluish grey inside the submarginal hne
above outer angle. Hind wing with a whitish streak above aual
angle.

Hub. N.W. Himalayas. &p. 30 millim.

394

NOOTUIDJE.

Sect. III. Antennae of male bipectinate.

A. Fore iving with the cilia non-crenulaie.

2267. Eutelia nugatrix, Guen. Nod. ii, p. 303, pi. 14, tig. 7 ; C. ^ S.

no. 2201.

Penicillaria lineatrix, Wlk. Cat. xv, p. 1776 ; C. Sf S. no. 2200.
Eutelia simplex, Wlk. Cat. xxxiii, p. 824.

Differs from jocosatrix in the collar being slightly fringed with
grey. Tore wing with the lines paler and more prominent ; the
reniform prominent ; the postmedial line excurved round cell, and
without chocolate on it ; the chocolate inside the submargiual line
in the form of a short band ; a small patch above outer angle.
Hind wing with a chocolate patch on the margin near anal angle ;
underside with the outer area ferruginous.

In the form lineatrix the submarginal hne of fore wing is white
and prominent, with a slender white line inside it, of which there
are only traces in the typical form.

Hah. Throughout India and Ceylon; Andamaus. Exj). 30
millim.

2268. Eutelia fulvipicta, n. sp.

(5. Differs from nugatrix in the head, thorax, and base of
abdomen being suffused with orange-fulvous, the abdomen with
white dorsal spot at centre. Pore M'ing with the inner basal half
orange-fulvous, and a large patch of that colour on the costal area
before apex ; the costa with small white spots at antemedial line,
centre, and submarginal line, and specks towards apex ; some grey
submarginal suffusion near outer angle. Hind Aving witli the
basal area yellowish ; the outer purplish band broader ; the under-
side without ferruginous suffusion.

Hah. Naga Hills, 3000 feet {Doherty). Krp. 30 miUim. Type
in coll. Elwes.

2269. Eutelia apicifascia, n. sp.

5 . Head and thorax rufous brown ; abdomen pale. Fore wing
dark red-brown, the basal half variegated Midth pinkish and dark
marks ; an ochreous spot at end of cell ; a curved and waved post-
medial whitish line double at costa, where it is joined by a broad
pale fawn streak from apex; an indistinct submarginal pale
dentate hne : the apex plum-coloured ; a marginal series of black
specks. Hind wing with the basal area pale : the outer fuscous,
with dark specks on inner margin and vein 2; cilia rufous.
Underside suffused Avith red; fore wing with double crenulate
postmedial line ; hind wing with cell-spot, waved medial hne, and
double crenulate postmedial line.

Hal. Bombay {Leith). Exp. 30 mniim. Type in B. M.

EUTELIA.

395

B. Fore ivincj with the ciliii crenulate.

9270. Eutelia inextricata, Moorcy Zep. Atk. p. 147; C. ^ S.
no. 2205.

Head aud collar chestnut; thorax dark red-brown with white
lines • abdomen fuscous, with rufous dorsal marks on 1st segment,
then some long white hair and rufous tufts on distal segments ;
some lateral rufous marks. Fore wing pale brown; some white
suffusion and curved white hnes on basal area; reniform with
white outline ; three sinuous postmedial lines excurved beyond
cell the inner mth crimson below costa and at middle and metaliic
green at inner margin ; the two outer lines with orange spots at
inner margin ; the outer margin with a series of black specks and
mptallic-t^reen spot at centre, with some crimson below it. Hind
wing with the basal area semihyaline white; the outer area
fuscous brown, with a white streak at anal angle, and a marginal
series of dark striae.

Hah. N. China ; N.W. Himalayas ; Sikhim ; Assam ; Ceylon.

Exp. 32-40 millim.

2271. Eutelia excitans, Butl. P. Z. S. 1886, p. 381 ; C. <§• S.
no. 2198.

Differs from inextricata in the collar being white and fuscous ;
the thorax pale red, the abdomen fuscous. Fore wmg pale red,
with more white on the basal costal area ; the markings on the
postmedial line and outer margin much paler. Hmd wing with
some white submarginal spots on the dark band and some pale
red on the centre of margin.

Bab. N.W. Himalayas. Exp. 44 millim.]

Sect. IV. Palpi nearly naked ; antennce of male serrate and highly
fasciculate for two-thirds length ; no tuft on fore leg.

2272. Eutelia dulcilinea, WiJc Joum. Linn. Soc. vii, p. 66.

Euteha dimidiala, Wa-. J'wn. Xwm. &c. vii, p. 66. ,
Penicillaria chalybsa, mnjmi. III. Set. Tin, p. bO, pi. i4b,
fig. 1.

Head white and black ; thorax and abdomen pale slate-colour.
Fore wing pale slate-colour, with a dark basal speck ; a white and
black antemedial line angled below costa; an indistinct angled
medial line ; the reniform dark, with white edge ; some white
specks on costa towards apex ; a pale indistinct submargmal line
with a dark triangular patch inside it at costa, and subapical black
V-mark. Hind wing blackish; the basal area pale; nidistinct
medial and submarginal lines, the latter with whitish outside it at
costa and towards anal angle ; some whitish marks on margin.

Hah. Sikhim ; Nilgiris ; Ceylon ; Borneo. Exp. 28 millim.

396

KOCTUIDjE.

Sect. V. AntennRs of male with short fasciculated cilia ;
thorax and abdomen more slender.

2273. Eutelia discistriga, Wlk. Cat. xxxiii, p. 823 ; C. (^'- .S'.

no. 2203.

Head, thorax, and abdomen clothed with pale and dark scales ;
the collar with a chestnut tinge. I'ore wing clothed with pale and
dark brown and chestnut scales ; numerous ill-defined hues on
the basal area ; a pale patch with a dark hoop above it at end of
cell ; the postmedial dark line with a quadrangular sinus beyond
cell and with traces of other lines beyoud it ; an indistinct irregu-
larly waved submarginal pale hue. Hind wing whitish ; the veins
and outer area fuscous.

Mab. Aden ; Karachi ; Nilgiris. E.vp. 34 milhm.

2274. Eutelia favillatrix, Wlk. Cat. xv, p. 1778 ; C. ^- S. no. 2204 ;

IIm]]sn. 111. Het. ix, pi. 163, fig. 15.

Differs from discistrifja in the head, thorax, abdomen, and fore
wino- being variegated with crimson, orange, and ochreous scales ;
some metalhc-blue scales on metathorax ; a whitish dorsal patch
OQ centre of abdomen. Fore wing with a raised tuft of brown
scales at centre of cell and crimson tuft at end of it.

Hah. Throughout India and Ceylon. Exi^ 28 miUim.

Subfamily STICTOPTERIN^.

Palpi slender and of moderate length. Abdomen hardly longer
than the hind wing. Pore wing increasmg in width to outer
margin usuallv long and narrow, with raised tufts more or less
developed; vein 6 from angle of cell; 8 given off from 7 and
anastomosing with 9 to form an areole. Hmd wmg usually hvahue
at base, with vein 5 from the lower angle and fully developed.

Larvm with 4 pairs of abdominal prolegs.

Key to the Genera.

A. Antennae of normal length.

a. Fore wing hooked at outer angle 4. Odontodes, p. 400.

b. Fore wing not booked at outer angle.

a'. Abdomen smoothly scaled 1- JMaceda, p. Mi.

b' Abdomen with dorsal tufts on prox-
imal segments 2. Cymatophoeopsis,_

B. AntennoB very long. AJl.
a. Fore wing of moderate breadth.

a'. Fore wing with the ciha non-crenu-

late ; frenulum divided in female . . 3. Kisoba, p. 398.
U. Fore wing with the cilia creuulate ;

frenulum single in female 5. Stictoptkba, p. 400.

6. Fore wing long aud narrow.

a'. Fore wing Ltremely long C. Sadahsa p 404^

b'. Fore wing shorter 7. Gybtona, p. 404.

MAOBBA. — OTMATOPHOnOPSTS.

397

Genus MACEDA.
Maceda, Wlk. Cat. xiii, P- 1140 (1857).

Calduba, Wlk. Cat. xv, p. 1815 (1858). ^

Type, M. mansueta, "Wlk.

Eancie. Ceylon ; Borneo ; Australia.

Palpi slender, and reaching just above vertex of head ; antennae
ciliated ; abdomen with coarse hair on dorsum of proximal seg-
ments • 'tibife nearly naked. Pore wing without raised tufts ; the
apex almost rectangular ; male with the retinaculum bar-shaped ;
the end of the cell rounded and dilated, with a small patch ot
ribbed hyaline membrane, probably for stridulation with the spines
of the mid tarsi. Hind wing with veins 3 and 4 stalked.

2275 Maceda mansueta, mk. Cat. xiii, p. 1141 ; Moore, Lep. Ceyl
iii, pi. 154, figs. 4,5; C. ^ <S. no. 2233.
Calduba obtenta, Wlk. Cat. xv, p. 1815.

Eather pale red-brown; abdomen fuscous, with slight white

rings. Tore wing with short sub-
basal line; oblique nearly straight
antemedial line ; spot at end of cell ;
waved postmedial lineexcurved beyond
the cell ; a sinuous series of sub-
marginal specks. Hind wing fuscous
black, with an ill-defined white patch
on the disk ; the margin white towards
anal angle.

Hah. Ceylon ; Andamans ; Borneo ;
N. Australia. Exp. 34 millim.

Fig. 219.

Maceda mansueta, cJ .

Gremxa CYMATOPHOROPSIS, nov.

Type, C. siniiata, Moore.
Range. Himalayas.

Palpi obliquely upturned, and not reaching vertex of head ;
antennae simple in male ; metathorax with slight tufts ; abdomen
with tufts on the two proximal segments ; tibias moderately
hairy. Pore wing with the apex rounded ; no raised tufts.

2270. Cymatophoropsis sinuata, Moore, P. Z. S. 1879, p. 405 ;
C. 8r S. no. 1178.
Risoba confiiiens, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 92 ; C. Sr S. no. 1634.

Head and thorax dark red-brown ; the collar white ; abdomen
fuscous. Pore wing black-brown, with a large basal white patch
with obliquely waved outer edge and a large brown patch on it ;
a series of similar marginal spots, the one at apex large, and that
at outer angle very large, irregular, and almost joining the basal

398

NOCTUID^.

patch. Hind wing dark fuscous,
postmedial line to each wing.

Underside with cell-spot and

Fig. 220. — Cymatoplioropsis siniMta, cJ. j-

The form sinuata has the collar and patches of fore wing
suffused with brown, which in confluens are white.
Hab. Simla ; Sikhim. Exp., S 34, $ 40 millim.

Genus EISOBA.

Risoba, Moore, P. Z. S. 1881, p. 328.
Pitrasa, Moove, Lep. Atk. p. 94 (1882).

Type, 12. repugnans, Wlk.

Range. China; throughout India, Ceylon, and Burma; Java;
Borneo.

Palpi upturned, and reaching vertex of head ; antennae almost
as long as fore wing, with fasciculated cilia in male ; thorax and
abdomen smoothly scaled, the latter long; tibite smooth and
without spines. Fore wing without raised tufts ; the apex rect-
angular ; the cilia non-crenulate ; the retinaculum of male bar-
shaped ; and the claspers large and elongate.

2277. Eisoba repugnaus, Wlk. Cat. ix, p. 9 ; Moore, Lep. Ccijl. iii,

pi. 144, tig. 1 ; C.S^S. no. 16.39.

Head brown ; thorax and abdomen brownish white. Fore \viug

brownish grey ; a basal white
patch shghtly suffused with
bright rufous ; indistinct waved
antemedial, postmedial, and sub-
marginal lines ; the orbicular a
speck ; the reniform white, with
rufous centre and edge ; a large
apical rufous patch \rith whitish
lunule on its inner side ; some
rufous patches with white edges
on outer part of inner margin ; a marginal series of dark .^pecks.
Hind wing white, with the outer area fuscous ; underside with cell-

^^Sa&. " N; India" ; Nilgiris ; Ceylon. Exp. 40 millim.

2278. Eisoba obstructa, Moore, P. Z. S. 1881, p. ^f',id. Lep. Veyl.

iii, pi. 144, fiss. 2, 2 a, 6 Oarva) ; C ^- S. no. 103/.
Risobi viahs, Lep. Atk. p. 91, pi. 4, fig. I; C.^- S. no. 1640.

Pig. 221.

Eisoba 7-eptigna7is, S ■

EISOBA.

399

Risoba prominena, Moore, P. Z. S. 1881, p. 329; C. Sr S.
no. 1638.

Head aud thorax brown ; tegulse whitish. Eore wing whitish
irrorated with brown ; an oblique white basal band, the costal
area iust beyond it red-brown ; the renit'orm round, with a dark
speck at centre ; a postmedial oblique double line slightly .incurved
below vein 4, the area beyond it red-brown with traces of a sub-
mar<nnal waved line ; some apical dark streaks ; a series ot
marginal brown and white specks. Hind wing semihyaline white,
with broad brown marginal band. ' i .

Larva purplish brown, palest at sides ; dorsal and lateral white
speckled lines, a sublateral series of whitish streaks ; a series of
black dots between the lateral and sublateral lines; a conical
prominence on anal somite. Food-plant Quisqualis.

Hah. N. China; throughout Peninsular India, Ceylon, and
Burma ; Malacca ; Java. Exp. 28-36 millim.

2279. Risoba diversipennis, Wlk. Cat. xv, p. 1750 ; C. ^ S. no. 1635.
Risoba basalis, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 91 ; C. ^ 8. no. 1633.

Differs from olstrucia in the costal area of fore wing being
whitish as far as end of cell ; a white quadrate spot below the
apical brown patch ; a crenulate marginal line.

Hah. Sikhim; Khasis ; Ceylon; Moulmein ; Malacca; Borneo.
Exp. 36 miUim.

2280. Risoba literata, Mom-e, P. Z. S. 1881, p. 329; C. 8f S.

no. 1636.

Differs from diversipennis in the costal area of fore wing not
being white ; a straight oblique narrow postmedial white band
obscuring the postmedial hue.

Hab. Sikhim ; Nilgiris. Exp. 38 millim.

2281. Risoha variegata, Mom-e, Lep. Atk. p. 94, pi. 4, fig. 2 ; C. ^ S.

no. 1645.

Pitrasa \iteUina, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 94, pi. 4, fig. 3 ; C. 8r S.
no. 1646.

$ . Head and thorax brownish grey. Fore wing olive-yellow,
the costa suffused with reddish grey ; a black speck at base, with
an oblique black and white streak from it ; a black speck at lower
angle of cell ; an oblique postmedial series of dark specks, with a
very obscure grey band inside them to lower angle of cell ; an
obscure apical streak and submarginal line ; a marginal series of
dark and pale specks. Hind wing pale, with broad fuscous outer
band ; underside with black lunule at end of cell.

. Fore wing purplish ochreous ; the disk and outer area
suffused with purplish grey ; the series of specks developed into
an obliquely waved Une.

Hab. Sikhim. Exp. 38 millim.

400

KOCTUIDiE.

Genus ODONTODES.

Odontodes, Gucn. Noct. iii, p. 50 (1852).

Nedi'oina, Wlk. Proa. N. H. Soc. Glasgow,\,\). 353 (1869)

Burdria, Wlk. Char. Undesc.Het. p. 50 (1869).

Type, 0. aleuca, Guen.

Range. W. Africa ; throughout India, Ceylon, and Burma ;
Java.

Antennfe very long and slender ; palpi slender and upturned,
the 2nd joint reaching vertex of head, the 3rd short; thorax
smoothly scaled ; abdomen with a tuft on first segment. Pore
■wing slightly arched towards apex, which is rectangular ; the outer
angle sHghtly hooked ; slight tufts of raised scales.

2282. Odontodes aleuca, Gum. Noct. iii, p. 51 ; C. ^ S. no. 2869.
Briarda bolinoides, Wlk. Cat. xv, p. 1802 ; C. c^- 6'. uo. 2370.
Steiria subfasciata, Wlk. Cat. xxxiii, p. 922.
Steiria quadristrigata, Wk. Cat. xxxiii, p. 923.
Odontodes inordinata, Butl. III. Bet. vii, p. 14.
Nedroma ferruginea, Wlk. Proc. N. H. Soc. GlasgoiD, i, p. 3-53.
Burdria edemoides, Wlk. Char. TJndesc. Het. p. 50; C. &i S.
no. 2397.

Dark red-brown. Fore wing with short subbasal line ; double

waved antemedial and waved
and curved medial lines ; a double
dentate postmedial line excurved
beyond cell ; traces of a dentate
submarginal line; the reuiform
large and indistinct. Hind wing
fuscous red-brown, the basal area
more or less hyahne, the outer
area darkest ; the cilia ochreous.
Underside with the basal area of
both wings pale, with the veins
and cell-spot dark brown ; the
outer area dark brown.
Some specimens have the fore wing much more variegated, with
some white beyond the medial line and in the double ante- and
postmedial lines ; others have the reniform white, and others a
broad pale fascia, on inner margin to the postmedial line or outer
angle ; others, again, are pale with a broad black fascia from the
base below cell, or the medial line may be inwardly bordered by

^^^Hab. W. Africa; throughout India and Burma. E.V2}. 48
millim.

Genus STICTOPTERA.

Stictoptera, Gtien. Noct. iii, p. 51 (1852).
Dnndaca, Wlk. Cat. ix, p. 149 (1856).
Steiria, Wlk. Cat. xiii, p. 1135 (185/).
/Egilia, WlJe. Cat. xiii, p. 1138.
Minica, Wlk. Cat. xiii, p. 1139.

Pig. 222.
Odontodes aleuca, S •

STICTOFrEBA.

401

Type, S. cucuUioides, Guen.

Range. Neotropical, Ethiopian, Oriental, and Australian regions.

Palpi slender and nearly naked, the 2nd joint reacliing vertex of
head, the 3rd long; antennas very long and slender; thorax
smoothly scaled ; abdomen with dorsal tufts on proximal seg-
ments ; tibicB slightly hairy. Pore wing rather long and narrow,
with the cilia crenulate ; a small tuEt of raised scales on the
reniform. Frenulum of male very strong ; single in female.

Sect. I. Fore wing of male produced at apex.

2283. Stictoptera cucuUioides, Guen. Noct. iii, p. 52.

Dandaca columba, Wlk. Cat. ix, p. 149 ; C. $ S. no. 1791.
Steiria siibobliqua, Wlk. Cat. xiii, p, 1136 ; Moore, Lcp. Ceyl. iii,

pi. 159, figs. 4, 4 « (larva) ; C. 8,- S. no. 2365.
Minica confluens, TFlJc. Cat. xiii, p. 1140.
Steiria signifera, Wlk. Cat. xiii, p. 1136.
Steiria humeralis, Wlk. Journ. Linn. Soc. vii, p. 174.
Steiria ferrifera, Wlk. Journ. Linn. Soc. vii, p. 173.
Minica semialba, Wlk. Journ. Linn. Soc. vii, p. 175.
Minica uigrilinea, Wlk. Journ. Linn. Soc. vii, p. 176.
Stictoptera grisea, Moore, P. Z. S. 1867, p. 67 ; C. Sr S. no. 2362.
Briarda conturbata, Wlk. Proc. Nat. Hist. Soc. Glasg. i, p. 354.
Steiria variabilis, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 164 ; C. 8f S. no. 2367.

S ■ Head and thorax grey-brown ; abdomen fuscous. Fore
wing grey-brown, with numerous indistinct waved lines ; the
orbicular and reniform stigmata indistinct, the latter with a few
raised scales on it ; a series of small marginal lunules. Hind
wing opalescent hyaline ; the veins and broad outer band fuscous ;
the cilia pale.

The first set of forms is small : cucuUioides having the
ground-colour of fore wing rufous, with a grey fascia from base to

outer margin occupying thegreater
part of the wing, this fascia in
another form being ochi-eous
white; in subobliqua— humeralis
the basal half is ochreous, with
black streaks on it as far as an
oblique medial line, the outer area
being greyer or in specimens from
Pig 223 Africa very dark, and the

Stictoptera cucuUioides, S- \. hyaline area of hind wing reduced.

In variabilis this basal area is pale
or dark rufous, and there are dark submarginal marks ; in con-
Jluens the basal area is smoky black ; sigyiifera is more uniformly
variegated with rufous ; columba is green, with rufous spots and
with a large subbasal rufous patch.

The second set of forms is larger : gi-isea being grey marked with
rufous ; ferrifera with a dark spot beyond the postmedial line •
semialba with white blotches on the basal half ; whilst in a Simla'
specimen the thorax is very dark with the patagia ochreous ; the
TOL. II. 2d'

402

NOCTUIDjE,

fore wing reddish ochreous, suffused with dark red-brown especially
at apex and outer angle.

Larva dusky olive-green ; the head and anal somites yellowish ;
2nd and 5th somites ochreous above ; dusky dorsal and subdorsal
bands and a sublateral series of black spots. Pood-plant
Garcinia.

Hah. "W. Africa ; throughout India, Ceylon, and Burma ;
Singapore ; Java. iJ.rp., 6 44-54, $ 36-46 millim.

2284. Stictoptera striata, n. sp.

cJ . Eed-brown. Fore wing with longitudinal narrow dark
streaks on the costal area; an irregularly sinuous pale submarginal
line with an ill-defined blackish fascia from below its centre to
inner margin near base ; a marginal series of dark striae. Hind
wing opalescent hyaline; the veins, inner and outer areas
fuscous.

Hah. Sikhim, 6000 feet (Moller). Exp. 50 millim. Type m
coll. Elwes.

2285. Stictoptera describens, Wlk. Cat. xiii, p. 1139 ; Mmpsn. HI

Hot ix pi 103 fio-. 11 ; C.^ S. no. 2383.
Loplioptera xylinata^ Wlk. Cat. xxxiii, p. 920; G ^- S. no. 2881.

Terruginous brown. Pore wing with numerous indistinct very
oblique ferruginous lines on basal area; a more distinct lunulate
postmedial line ; a whitish snbmargiual waved line. Hmd wing
with the basal central area opalescent semihyahne ; the veins,
costa, outer and inner areas fuscous. The form xijlinata has
fuscous blotches on fore Aving.

Hah. Canara ; Ceylon. Exp. 46 milhm.

2286. Stictoptera denticulata, Wlk. Cat. xxxiii, p. 919 ; C. S,- S.

no. 2361.

9 Differs from descrihem in the head, thorax, and fore wing
being pale ochreous brown; the last with some black specks at
lower angle of cell, and with the submarginal whitish jme absent.
Underside ochreous and whitish, with a distinct marginal fuscous
band to both wings.

Hah. Moukaein. Exp. 34 milhm.

2287 Stictoptera trajiciens, Wlk. Cat. xiii, p. 1137; Moore, Lcp.
Ceyl. iii, pi. 158, Kp;. 12 ; C. <^ S. no 2366.
Steina tequilinea, Wlk. Journ. Lmn. Soc. vn, p. 1/4.

Head and thorax dark red-brown; abdomen paler. Fore wing
dark red-brown suffused with greenish grey, especially on costal
S ; numerous erect indistinct waved lines ; an erect pos medud
line joined below cell by a curved hne from the costa, an

STIOTOPTERA.

4oa

indistinct irregakrly dentate submarginal line. Hind wing
iridescent-hyaliue : the veins and outer area fnscous.
Hah. Ceylon ; Borneo. E.vp. 38 millim.

2288. Stictoptera illucida, Wlk. Cat. xxxiii, p. 918: V. &■ S.
no. 23G3.

Stictoptera oliTascens, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 164 : C. &• 8.
no. 226-1.

Differs from trajiciens in the fore wing being without the
greenish-grey suffusion; double subbasal, ante- and postmedial
fulvous waved lines, and single medial and submarginal lines ;
a leaden-grey band between the postmedial and submarginal bands,
and some leaden grey on apical part of margin ; the reniform
large. Hind wing with the inner area fuscous. Some specimens
have an ochreous patch at base of fore wing, others a ferruginous
patch on central inner area.

Hah. Formosa ; Punjab ; Ganjam ; Moulmein. E.vp. 34
millim.

2239. Stictoptera albodentata, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 16-5; C. <^ S.
no. 2.373. '
Gyrtona chalybea, Bittl. P. Z. 8. 1883, p. 163 ; C. Sf 8. no. 2374.

Differs from illucida in being dark fuscous brown ; the lines o£
fore wing less distinct ; no leaden band ; a waved line just inside
the margin often with minute white specks on it.

One specimen has the ground-colour pale gi-eenish.

Hah. N.W. Himalaj'as ; Sikhim ; Khasis ; E. Pegu. Evp. 28
millim.

Sect. EC. Tore wing of male somewhat broader.

2290. Stictoptera anthyalus, Sivinh. MS.

Greyish fuscous brown. Pore wing with double subbasal, ante-
and postmedial waved lines ; the medial area suffused with fuscous,
and with dark strise in and below cell ; two submarginal single
waved lines, the inner dark at costa. Hind wing fuscous, without
hyaline.

Hah. Khasis ; Ganjam. Exp. 34 millim. Type in B. M.

2291. Stictoptera costata, ilfoore,Ze». CwZ.iii, p. 123, pi. 159. fiff 8-

C. c5- 8. no. 2380. . ' " '

Head and thorax dark red-brown ; abdomen fuscous. Pore
wing grey, with a black-brown costal fascia widest at middle ; the
inner area irrorated with black-brown ; double subbasal, ante- and
postmedial waved lines and single medial and two submaro-inal
lines. Hind wing dark fuscous, with slight traces of hyaline ou
the disk between the veins.

Hah. N.W. Himalayas ; Ceylon. Exp. 42 millim.

2 D 2

404 NOOTTTIDiB.

Genus SADARSA.
Sadarsa, Moore, Lep. Ath. p. 164 (1882).
Type, S. longipennis, Moore.

lianqe. Sikhim. , , ,. i 4.

Palpi of moderate length, slender, and obhquely porrect ; a
sharp frontal tuft; antennas minutely ciliated in male; a shght
t-ift behind the collar, and paired tufts on metathorax ; abdomen
with small dorsal tufts on first three segments ; tibiffi naked. )i ore
wincr very long and narrow : the apex produced ; the outer margin
oblique, and with slight tufts of raised scales. Hind wmg ample ;
the outer margin excised below apex; veins 3, 4, 5 from close to
lower angle of cell.

Sect. I. Fore wing with the apex moderately produced and

rouuded.

2292. Sadarsa tenuis, Moore, P. Z. S. 1867, p. 60 ; C. 8,- S. no. 2372.
A Dark purplish red-brown. Fore wing with numerous in-
distinct extremely oblique waved lines ; the outer area without the
purphsh tinge. Hind wing with the basal area pale and semi-
hyaline ; the veins and outer area fuscous.

Hab. Sikhim. Exji. 40 millim.

Sect. II. Pore wing with the apex extremely produced and acute.

2293. Sadarsa longipennis, Moore, Lep. Ath. p. 165, pi. 5, fig. 14 ;

C. ^ S. no. 2371.

^ Tuscous brown. Pore wing with numerous indistinct

Fig. 22A.— Sadarsa longipennis, S

obhque waved lines. Hind wing with the basal area pale and
semihyaline ; the veins and outer area fuscous.
Hab. Sikhim. Exp. 46 milhm.

Genus GYRTONA.

Gyrtona, Wlk. Cat. xxvii, p. 89 (1863).
Ciina, Wlk. Cat. xxxi, p. 267 (1864).

Tvnp 0 m-oximdis, Wlk., from Borneo.

W Africa; throughout India, Ceylon, and Burma;

Borneo.

GYRTOJTA.

405

Differs from Stictoptera in the palpi being porrect and more
hairy; a large frontal tuft; antennae with long ciha in male;
abdom'en without dorsal tufts. Fore wing with slight raised tufts
at middle and end of cell.

9294. Gyrtona hylusalis, Wlk. Cat. xxvii, p. 93 ; Hmpsn. 111. Bet. ix,
pi. 163, tig. 18; C. c5- & no. 2376.
Gyrtona nigrocinerea, Wlk. Cat. xxvii, p. 94.
Gyrtona dorsifascialis, Wlk. Cat. xxvii, p. 95.
Gyrtona strenualis, Wlk. Cat. xxvii, p. 90.
Gyitona nionilialis, Wlk. Cat. xxvii, p. 97.

Gyrtona phycisoides, Moore, Lep. Ceyl. ill, p. 125, pi. 158, fig. 8 ;

C. i)- S. no. 2378.
Nephopterys demptella, Wlk. Cat. xxxv, p. 1721.
Nephopteryx acisalis, WlIc. Cat. xxvii, p. 66 ; C. Sf- S. no. 4649.
Gvrtoua thoracia, Wlk. Cat. xxvii, p. 96 ; Hmpsn. III. Bet. ix,

pi. 163, fig. 19; C.^ S. no. 2379.
Othora suhfasciata, Wlk. Cat. xxxiii, p. 907 ; C. ^ S. no. 2375

(part.).

Fore wing with indistinct double
waved subbasal, ante- and post-
medial dark lines ; some tufts of
raised scales on the antemedial hue
and on reniform. Hind wing dark
fuscous brown.

Some specimens have grey patches
on the inner area of fore wing before
the ante- and postmedial lines ;
others have the basal and some the
inner area ochreous ; in thoracia
the thorax is pale, the basal area of
fore wing almost black, the outer area ochreous white, blackish
at outer angle.

Hob. Nilgiris ; Ceylon. Kv^j. 18-30 millim.

Dark or pale red-brown.

Fig. 225.
Gyrtona hylusalis, cj .

2295. Gyrtona plumbeifascia, u. sp.

$ . Head, thorax, and abdomen fuscous brown. Fore wing
rather short and broad, the colour ohve-green ; a leaden patch at
base ; an antemedial leaden band, with a waved line and some tufts
of raised scales on it, and with a nearly straight indistinct line
beyond it ; four dark specks near end of cell and a small leaden
patch at upper angle ; outer area leaden grey, with minutely waved
postmedial and two nearly straight submarglnal rufous lines.
Hind wing dark brown.

JJah. S. Andamans. Exi^. 22 miUim. Type in B. M.

2296. Gyrtona pusilla, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 289.

Differs from plumheifa^cia in being pale greyish brown without
the olive tinge. Fore wing without plumbeous markings ; the

406

KOCTUIDiE.

lines slightly less parallel ; traces of a medial band. Hind wing
paler ; the interspaces more hyaline.

Hah. Accra, W. Africa ; Calcutta ; Nagas. Exp. 22 millim.

2297. Gyrtona dorsalis, TVlJi. Cat. xxvii. p. 98 ; Moore, Lep. Ceyl. iii,

pi. 168, iig-s. 10, 11 ; a 8,- S. BO. 2375.
Othora includeiis, Wlk. Cat. xxxiii, p. 909.
Ariola biyopliilina, Feld. Reis. Nov. pi. 120, fig. 10.

Differs from hylusalis in being larger and pale red-brown ; fore
wing with the waved lines more indistinct.

In dorsalis there are two blaclc patches on the antemedial line of
fore wing, whilst includens has a large oval antemedial black
mark.

Bub. Nilgiris ; Ceylon ; E. Pegu. Exp. 32 millim.

2298. Gyrtona exsicca, Swinh. Trans. Ent. Soc. 1891, p. 149, pi. 8,

%• 5-

Differs from hylusalis in being uniform dull brown ; the lines
very indistinct ; the antemedial line dentate. Hind wing with the
basal area semihyaline, the outer fuscous brown.

Hub. S. Canara. Exjj. 28 millim.

2299. Gyrtona lapidaria, WUc Cat. xxxi, p. 257; Hmpsn. III. Set.

viii, pi. 143, fig. 20 ; C. ^- 8. no. 734.
Cliaa rufina, Emjjsn. III. Ilet. viii, p. 86, pi. 146, fig. 12.
Clina basalis, Hmpsn. III. Met. viii, p. 86, pi. 146, fig. 5.

Pale ochreous brown. Pore wing with traces of waved lines ;
some dark submarginal marks and marginal series of black specks.
Hind wing fuscous brown.

The form lapidaria has a rufous streak on inner margm of fore
mug; rufina has a dark streak on median nervure, the rufous
streak widening to outer margin; in lasalis the basal area is
ochreous, with a large black patch on it, the medial area suf-
fused with fuscous.

Hal. Nilgiris. E.vp. 24-30 millim.

Subfamily GONOPTERINiE.

Palpi with the 2nd joint straight ; abdomen longer than tlie
Tiind wing, stout and smoothly scaled. Fore wmg increasing lu
width to outer margin ; tlie retinaculum sometimes bar-shaped in
male. Hind wing with veins 3, 4 usuaUy stalked, 5 from or trom
close to lower angle of cell and strongly developed.

LarvcB with the 4 pairs of abdominal prolegs developed, except
in Cosviophila erosa, which has 3 pairs. Several genera have
the thoracic somites very much dilated.

GONOPTEEINyE.

407

Key to tlie Genera.

3. OSSONOBA, p. 413.

[p. 416.

7. GONIOCEASPIDUM,
6. OXYGONITIS, p. 415.

[p. 420.

A. Fore wiug witli veins 8 and 9 anastomosing
to forui the areole.
a. Hind -wing with veins 3 and 4 from cell or
hardly stalked.
a'. Fore -wing with the outer margin veiy
obliquely rounded and crenulate ....
b'. Fore wing with the outer margin slightly
curved.

a". Fore wing with the outer margin
evenly cm'ved or angled at vein 3.
a^ Fore wing with the areole short . . 1. Cosmophila, p. 408.
h^. Fore wing with the areole long . . 13. Cahea, p. 421.
b^. Fore wing with the outer margin
strongly hooked at vein 3.
a^. Palpi with the 3rd joint long ....
¥. Palpi with the 3rd joint minute . .
6. Hind wing with veins 3, 4 on a long stalk.
a'. Fore wing with the outer margin
evenly curved.

a^. Palpi obliquely porrect 12. TympANISTES,

6^. Palpi upturned.

cfi. Fore wing with vein 6 from above

angle of cell, the areole very long. 10. Oapotena, p. 419.
b^. Fore wing with vein 6 from or from
below angle of cell, the areole
short.

Palpi with the 3rd joint minute. 11,
6'. Palpi with the 3rd joint well

developed 9. Chfbia, p. 417

b' . Fore wing with the outer margin angled
or irregular.
a'. Hind wing with a deep indentation in
outer margin between veins 1 and 2.
b-. Hind wing with the outer margin
evenly curved,
rt^. Hind wing with the costa arched

at base ; the tibiiie tufted 5. Falana, p. 414.

6'. Hind wing with the costa evenly [p- 412,

curved ; the tibia3 naked 2. Pseudogonitis,

B. Fore wing with vein 10 anastomosing with
8 and 9 to form the areole.

a. Hind wing with veins 3, 4 from cell, or

hardly stalked, 5 from above angle of
cell 17.

b. Hind win^ with veins 3, 4 stalked, 5 from

angle oi cell or shortly stalked with 3
and 4.

a. Fore wing with the outer margin

slightly excised below apex, the areole

minute 18. Beaea, p. 427.

b'. Fore wing with the outer margin

deeply indented below apex, the areole

larger 14. Ptyonota, p. 424,

[p. 420.

PSBUDELYDNA,

4. Abthisma, p. 413.

[p.427.

Gelastoceba,

408

NOCTUIDiE.

C, Fore wing witli no areole, veins 8, 9, 10

stalked.

a. Hind wing witli veins 3, 4 stalked ; fore

wing with the outer margin very ir- [p. 425.

regular 15. ToRTEiciFonMA,

b. Hind wing with veins 3, 4 from cell .... 16. Tinosowa, p. 426.

D. Fore wins: with veins 7, 8, 9, 10 stalked . . 8. Cletheopeoha,

[p. 416.

Genus COSMOPHILA.

Cosmophila, Boisd. Faun. Ent. Mad. p. 94 (1833).
Lineopalpa, Guen. Nod. ii, p. 290 (1852).
Gonitis, Qiien. Nod. ii, p. 403.
Eusicnda, W/Jc. Cat. xiii, p. 1006 (1857).
Thalatta, Wlk. Cat. xiii, p. 996 (1857).
Tiridata, Wlk. Cat. xxxiii, p. 870 (1865).
Dilemma, WIJc. Cat. xxxiii, p. 8G3.
Phalga, Moore, P. Z. S. 1881, p. 375.

Type, 0. erosa, Hiibn.

Itanr/e. Nearctic and throughout the tropical and subtropical
zones.

Palpi upturned, the 2nd joint reaching vertex of head, the 3rd
long and slender; a blunt frontal tuft; antennse minutely ciliated
in male or pectinated ; thorax and abdomen smoothly scaled ;
tibiae without spines. Fore wing with the apex produced and
acute ; the outer margin angled or produced to a point in the
middle. Hind wing with vein 5 from below centre of discocellulars.

LarvcB with the thoracic somites not swollen.

Sect. I. {Lineopalpa). Fore wing long, with the outer
margin oblique.

A. Antennm of male ciliated.

2300. Cosmophila mesogona, Wlk. Cat. xiii, p. 1002; Moore, Zep.
Ceyl. iii, pi. 153, tig. 8; C. Sf S. no. 2244.

Head and fore wing greyish red-brown ; abdomen pale brown.
Fore wing varying from greyish red-bro\\'n to dark or bright red-
brown, striated with grey ; a short subbasal line ; an autemedial
grey and brown line bent outwards at median ner\Tire, tlieu almost
straight to inner margin ; two black specks at end of cell ; a post-
medial line angled below costa, then nearly straight to vein 4,
where it is recurved to below end of cell, then nearly straight to
inner margin ; an indistinct diffused submarginal dark shade angled
at centre; a marginal rufous line. Hind wing pale brown.
Underside with the costa and outer areas of both wings striated
with red-brown. lo n

Hab. Throughout India, Ceylon, and Burma ; Java. E.rp. 4-^-44

millim.

COSMOPHILA.

409

2301. CosmopMla sabulifera, GMCTi. iVoc^. ii,p. 404. _
Gonitis involutn, Wik. Cat xiii, p. 1003 ; Moore, Lep. Cetjl. iii,

pi. 153, 7 ; a Sr S. no. 2241.
Gonitis ba.salis, Wlk. Cat. xiii, p. 1004.
Gonitis propinqua, Bidl. P. Z. S. 1884, p.^497.
Tii idata colligata, Wlk. Cat. xxxiii, p. 870.

Differs from mesogona in the antemedial line of fore wing being
bent, outwards between vein 1 and inner margin ; the postmedial
line incurved beyond the cell.

The form sahuUfera has diffused black on the antemedial line ot
fore wing and between the postmedial and submarginal lines ; a
small orbicular spot usually present, and two specks conjoined
into a reniform spot; in involuta the colouring is similar to
viesogona.

Bab. Throughout Africa ; Aden ; India, Ceylon, and Burma.
Kv23. 32-38 millim.

2302. CosmopMa trilineata, Moore, P. Z. S. 1883, p. 21, pi. 6, fig. 1 ;

C. Si- S. no. 2246.

Differs from mesogona in being much redder. Fore wing with
straight oblique subbasal and antemedial pale lines ; a pale line on
discocellulars.

Mab. Bombay. Eajj. 40 millim.

2303. CosmopMla fulvida, Guen. Noct. ii, p. 397 ; Moore, Lep. Ceyl.

ii, pi. 155, figs. 3, 3 a (larva) ; C. 8,- 8. no. 2240.

Gonitis metaxantlia, Wlk. Cat. xiii, p. 1005 ; C. Sf S. no. 2245.

Gouitis guttanivis, Wlk. Cat. xiii, p. 1003.

Gonitis combinans, Wlk. Cat. xiii, p. 1001.

Gonitis commoda, Butl. A. M. N. R. (5) i, 1878, p. 203.

Gonitis privata, Wlk. Cat. xxxiii, p. 863.

Gonitis revocans, Wlk. Cat. xv, p. 1794.

Gonitis vulpina, Butl. Tr. Ent. Soc. 1886, p. 408.

Gonitis xanthochroa, Butl. Tr. Ent. Soc. 1886, p. 409.

Gonitis inducens, Wlk. Cat. xiii, p. 1004.

l)irenima simulatrix, Wtk. Cat. xxxiii, p. 864.

(Jonitis albitibia, Wlk. Cat. xiii, p. 1001 ; C. S,- S. no. 2236.

Rusicada nigritarsis, Wlk. Cat. xiii, p. 1006; Moore, Lep. Cexjl.

iii, pi. 155, figs. 2, 2 a, b, c, d (lai'vaj.

Head and thorax bright or dark
ferruginous red- brown ; abdomen
reddish fuscous ; fore tibia and
1st joint of tarsus white. Fore
wing bright or dark ferruginous or
yellowish red-brown ; a short sub-
basal line ; an antemedial line
oblique from costa to below cell,
then waved to inner margin ; the
7 f ' f /"w j; ■> orbicular a white specie ; the reni-
osmopiiaju i ,cj. t- form indistinct and often reduced

to two spots or to one white or dark spot at lower angle of cell ; a

410

NOOTUID^.

postmedial line waved from costa to vein 4, then excurved to lower
angle of cell and waved to inner margin ; a waved submarginal
diffused line. Hind wing varies in colour from vinous red to dark
brown, sometimes pale at base.

The form metaxantha is dark vinous red, with yellow patches
below base and end oF cell of fore wing ; xantJiochroa is a yellowish
form ; albitibia is dark red-brown or yellowish brown ; the hind
wing very dark.

Larva with 4 pairs of abdominal prolegs, a few short black hairs ;
colour black above, olive-yellow beneath ; a subdorsal series oC short
transverse yellow streaks with a series of yellow specks above
them ; the stigmata black ; head and legs pale red. In the form
albitibia the larva is olive-green or grey, with dorsal and lateral
yellow or whitish longitudinal lines ; each somite dotted with
hlack. l^ood-plant WaltJieria indica.

Bab. Japan; China; throughout India, Ceylon, and Eurma;
Java ; Australia ; Solomons ; Kji ; Samoa. Exp. 54 miUim.

2304. Cosmophila lineosa, Wlk. Cat. xxxiii, p. 862 ; C. S,- S. no. 2243.

Differs from the form albitibia in the autemedial line of fore
wing being oblique from the costa to median nervure, where it is
bent outwards, then straight to inner margin.

Sab. Sikhim ; Nagas ; Nilgiris. Kvp. 54 millim.

2305. Cosmophila horsfieldii, Gtten. Nod. u, p. 291.

Briarda variaus, Moore, P. Z. S. 1867, p. 66, pi. 6, fig. 12 ; C. ^- S.
no. 2341.

Dark chocolate ; the abdomen fuscous. Fore wing with waA'ed
subbasal and antemedial lines on pale bands ; the reniform with
pale edges and constricted at centre ; a postmedial slightly waved
line on a pale band excurved beyond cell ; a submarginal ochreous
band suffused with white scales, sending a projection to the centre
of outer margin and with dark spots and a patch towards inner
margin. Hind wing purplish fuscous brown ; the cilia chocolate ;
underside irrorated with white, and with a crenalate postmedial
line.

In some specimens there is a large white patch on and beyond
the reniform, and a white streak on vein 1 from base to post-
medial line.

Hab. Sikhim ; Java. ExjJ. 44 millim.

*2306. CosmopMla siniiosa, 3Ioore, P. Z. S. 1881, p. 37o, pi. 37, fig. 7 ;
C. ^- S. no. 2224.

Brownish ochreous. Fore wing with an indistinct waved ante-
medial line ; a treble postmedial hne and single submarginal luie ;
the reniform ochreous. Hind wing with marginal lunulate line
and some streaks above anal angle.

Hub. Sikhim. jS'.rjj. 34 millim.

COSMOPUIIiA.

411

B. (Cosmophila). Antennce of male ciliated and with bristles or hipec-
tinated, the branches short and ivith bristles from their ends.

2307. Cosinopliila erosa, Iliihi. Zutr. Samml. exol. Schmett. ii, 10,
tig-3. -267, 288.

Cosmophila xautliiudyma, Boisd. Faim. Ent. Mad. 94, pi. 13,
ijo-. 7 ; Moore, Lep. Ccyl. iii, pi. 155, %s. \, la, b (larva) ;
d^- S. no. 22.34.

Cosmophila indica, Guen. Noct. ii, p. 396.

Cosmophila aiiragoides, Guen. Noct. ii, p. 397.

Cirrcedia variolosa, JVlh. Cat. xi, p. 760.

Cirro3dia edeutata, fVlk. Cat. xi, p. 750.

cJ . Head and thorax orange-yellow, irrorated with brown ;
abdomen brown above. Fore wing fuscous, suffused with purple-
grey ; a large yellow patch irrorated with red occupying the whole
basal haK of wing except the inner margin ; irregular ante- and
postmedial red lines meeting at inner margin, the latter produced
to an irregular angle beyond the lower angle of cell, then excurved
to its lower angle ; a white speck in cell ; a dentate siibmarginal
line, the area beyond it brown ; the cilia white at tips. Hind
■wing dark fuscous ; the cilia white at tips. Underside of fore
wing with the costal and outer ai'ea pale, speckled with red ; hind
wing pale, the costal area speckled with red.

5 . Bright orange-yellow ; fore wing slightly red-speckled and
with sHght purphsh suffusion below the postmedial line ; the cilia
white at tips.

Larva. With three pairs of abdominal prolegs. G-rass-green,
with dorsal and lateral series of minute white specks ; the prolegs
reddish. Food-plant Hibiscus.

Hab. United States ; W. Indies ; S. Africa ; Madagascar ;
Mauritius ; throughout the Oriental region ; Australia. Exp.
38 millim.

Sect. II. (Thalatta). Fore wing shorter, the outer margin less
oblique ; palpi with the 3rd joint vei'y long.

2308. Cosmophila precedens, TFlk. Cat. xii, p. 996 ; C. Sr S. no. 2252.
Thalatta modesta, Moore, P. Z. S. 1883, p. 22 ; id. Lep. Ceyl. iii,

pi. 153, figs. 5, 6 ; C. ^ 8. no. 2251.
Thalatta albiorbis, Moore, P. Z. S. 1883, p. 22 ; C. <5- 6'. no. 2249.

Purplish red-brown. Fore wing with oblique slightly sinuous
antemedial line ; an almost straight postmedial line with ochreous
outer edge ; a sinuous submargiual series of dark or grey specks ;
a prominent white spot at centre of cell, absent in the form modesta.
Hind wing dark fuscous.

Hab. Moulmein ; Nilgiris ; Ceylon. Kvj). 30 millim.

2309. Cosmophila fasciosa, Moore, Lcp. Atk. p. 164, pi. 5, fig. 2 ;

C. ^- 8. no. 2250.

Differs horn precedens in being darker with a purple suffusion.

412

NOCTtJIDjE.

Fore wing with aiitcinedial and medial obscure simious diffused
dark lines ; the postmedial line indistinct rufous and sinuous be-
yond the cell.

Hah. Sikhira ; Khasis ; Tenasserim. Exp. 30 miUim.

Genus PSEUDOGONITIS, nov.

Type, P. hrunviea, Moore.

lianqe. Calcutta ; Moulmein ; Singapore ; Borneo.
Differs from the Lineopalpa group of Cosmopliila in the hind
wing having vein 5 from the lower end of cell, 3 and 4 stalked.

2310. Pseudogonitis brunnea, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 153; C. S) S.

no. 2237.

Gonitis diversalis, Moore, P. Z. 8. 1883, p. 21 ; C. ^- S. no. 2238 ;
Waterh. Aid, ii, pi. 150, tig. 2.

(? . Ochreous brown. Fore wing with obliquely waved ante-
medial line, the area beyond it clouded with fuscous ; a dark lunule
on discocellulars ; a dentate postmedial line, incurved below angle
of cell ; a submarginal series of dark spots. Hind wing fuscous
brown ; the cilia red-brown.

2 . Dark chestnut-red. Fore wing without fuscous suffusion ;
an ochreous spot instead of the dark lunule at end of cell. Hind
wino' much darker ; a patch of red at centre of cilia.

Hah. Calcutta ; Singapore ; Borneo. Exp. 42 milhm.

2311. Pseudogonitis latimargo, Wlk. Cat.xVn, p. 1002; C. S,- S.

no. 2242.

o . Differs fi-om Cosmoplv'da fulvida in tbe 3rd joint of palpi
being slightly longer ; head and thorax dark chocolate. Fore wing

Fig. 227. — Pseudogoniiis latimargo, § . \.

dark chocolate, with the postmedial line crenulate and not recurved
to lower angle of cell ; the area beyond it suffused with grey to
the submarginal line, which is represented by a series of grey
specks. Underside : the outer area of both wings is suffused

with grey.

Hah. Moulmein. Exp. 44 millim.

OSSONOBA. — AETHISMA.

413

Genus OSSONOBA.
Ossonoba, Wlk. Cat. xsxv, p. 1966 (1866).

Type, 0. torpida, Wlk.
Ranqe. Sikhim ; Burma.

Palpi nearly naked, the 2na joint reachmg vertex ot head, the
3rd loug. Antennte of male bipe'ctinated to the apex, the branches
short ; thorax and abdomen smoothly scaled, the latter very long
and with slight lateral and anal tnfts. TibisB hairy ; mid tarsi
with tuft on 2ad joint ; hind tarsi with tuft on 1st joint and large
tuft on 2nd joint. Fore wing long and narrow ; the costa arched
towards apex ; the outer margin obliquely curved, with the cilia
crenulate ; the inner margui lobed near base.

2312. Ossonoha torpida, Wlk. Cat. xxxv, p. 1966 ; Butl. HI. Het. vi,
pi. 106, fig. 8; a 4- & no. 2253.

(J . Purplish red-brown. Fore wing with erect antemedial pale
line ; a minute white speck in cell ; traces of a medial angulated
line ; a pale postmedial hne, very highly angled below costa, and
with some dark blotches beyond its lower half ; an indistinct apical

Fig. 228. — Ossonoba torpida, ^ . \.

streak ; the veins paler towards outer margin. Hind wing paler
and redder ; the underside purplish with the inner area pale ; a
white speck at end of cell ; diffused ante- and postmedial lines and
waved medial line.

2 . More purplish, and without the dark mai-ks beyond post-
medial hne.

Hah. Sikhim ; E. Pegu. Exp. 40 millim.

Genus ARTHISMA.
Artliisma, Moore, P. Z. S. 1883, p. 20.

Type, A. sdssuralis, Moore.
Range. Bm'ma ; Singapore.

Palpi upturned and naked, the 2nd joint reaching vertex of
head, the 3rd long ; antenuoe minutely ciliated in male ; thorax
and abdomeia smoothly scaled ; tibiaj naked. Fore wing with the
apex acute ; the outer margin angled at vein 4, then oblique and
crenulate to outer angle. Hind wing with a deep indentation of

414

NOCTUIDjE.

the outer margin between veins 1 6 and 2 ; veins 3 and 4 stalked,
5 from lower angle of cell.

2313. Arthisma scissuralis, Moore, P. Z. 8. 1883, p. 20 ; Waterh. Aid,
ii, pi. 150, fig. a ; C. ^- S. no. 2235.

Bright red or brownish ochreous. Fore wing with a yellow
antemedial spot below the cell ; an indistinct speck in the cell and

Fig. 229. — Arthisma somiiralis, ^. \.

one at each angle ; an ill-defined postmedial series of yellow lunules
incurved below end of cell. Hind wing with traces of a medial
yellowish band.

Hah. Eangoon ; Ehamo ; Singapore. Exp. 40 millim.

Genus FALANA.
Falana, Muore, Lep. Atk. p. 153 (1882).

Type, F. sordida, Moore.

Range. Sikhim ; Xhasis ; Ceylon ; Burma.

Palpi upturned, the 2nd joint reaching vertex of head, the 3rd
long and naked ; antennae bipectinated in male, the branches short ;
metathorax with slight tufts ; abdomen with dorsal tuft on first
segment, keeled below, with pairs of flattened scale-like plates ;
femora with tufts of scales at base ; fore tibisB fringed with hair ;
mid and hind tibiae with medial and distal tufts. Pore wing witli
the apex acute ; the outer margin excised below apex, and produced
to a rounded lobe at centre and point at vein 2 ; a tuft of scales
forming a boss at base above inner margin ; the areole very small ;
vein 6 from some way below angle of cell. Hind wing with the
costa arched at base ; veins 3, 4 on a short stalk ; 5 from below
centre of discocellulars.

2314. Falana sordida, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 154; id. Lep. Ceyl. iii,
pi. 155, fig. 4; 0.^^ 110.2248.

Yinous red-brown ; the tuft on hind femora white. Fore wing
irrorated with black ; broad ill-defined subbasal and medial pur-
plish bands ; an indistinct autemedial dark line ; hyaline specks at
angles of cell ; an indistinct postmedial waved line e.xcurved round
cell ; a black subapical spot ; the cilia chestnut. Hind ^Mng dark
fuscous; the cilia chestnut. Hnderside of fore wing with the

rA LANA . — 0X1 GONITIS .

415-

costal and apical areas purplish, speckled with white ; the post-
medial line developed on costal area; the siibapical black spot
prominent ; hind wing purplish, irrorated with white ; a pale and

Fig. 230.— Falana sordida, c? • h

dark line from costa irregularly bent out to beyond cell and curved
to inner margin ; a whitish line on discocellulars ; a submarginal
line formed of black blotches.

Hah. Sikhim; Khasis ; Ceylon; Tenasserim. i'a^p. 36 millim.

Genus OXYGONITIS.

Oxygonitis, Smpsn. lU. Set. ix, p. 103 (1893).

Type, 0. senceata, Hmpsn.
Range. Nagas ; Ceylon.

Palpi upturned, the 2nd joint reaching vertex of head, the 3rd
minute ; antennae minutely fasciculated in male ; thorax and
abdomen smoothly scaled. Fore wnng produced and acute at apex ;
the outer margin excised to vein 4, where it is produced to a hook.
Hind wing mth the anal angle truncate ; veins 3, 4 from cell in
male, slightly stalked in female ; 6 from below centre of disco-
cellulars.

2315. Oxygonitis sericeata, Hmpsn. III. Het. ix, p. 103, pi. 163,
fig. 1.

(S . Purplish fuscous. Pore wing with antemedial oblique line
waved below costa ; the orbicular round and white ; the reniform

Fig. 231. — Oxygonitis sericeata, ^ . \.

very large and dark ; a postmedial brown line curved below costa,
then nearly straight to inner margin, with some diffused brown
beyond it ; a series of submarginal white specks ; cilia whitish at

416

NOCTUIDJE.

tips. Hind wing dark fuscous, with indistinct oblique medial pale
line. Underside grey. ,

2 . Pale yellowish brown, without purple or fuscous suffusion.

Bob. Nagas ; Ceylon. Exj). 40-46 millim.

Genus GONIOCRASPIDUM, nov.

Type, G. ennomoide, Hmpsn.
jianqe. N.W. Himalayas.

Differs from Oav/goniiis in the 3rd joint of the palpi being long ;
the antennas of male bipectinated. Tore wing with the hook of
outer margin at vein 3 ; the margin crenulate from the hook to
outer angle. Hind wing with veins 3, 4 from angle of cell ; 5
from above angle.

2316. Goniocraspidum ennomoide, n. sp.

Pale ochreous brown. Head and thorax chestnut. Pore wing
slightly irrorated with black ; an almost straight ochreous ante-
medial line ; two dark specks at end of cell ; a postmedial hue angled
below costa, then slightly curved to inner margin ; traces of a

Kg. 232. — Goniocraspidum ennomoide, c^. 1.

diffused dark waved submarginal shade ; the cUia chestnut. Hind
wing suffused with fuscous ; traces of a dark medial line ; the ciha
chestnut. Underside with the hind wing and costal and outer
areas of fore wing grey, striated mth black.

Hab. Murree; Dharmstila (Harford). Exp. 42-4b milUm.
Type in B. M.

Genus CLETHROPHORA, nov.

Type, C. distincta. Leech,

l^dS^is in the 3rd joint of palpi being long ; the
ant uni of male almost simple. Pore wing with the outer margin
hooked or angled at vein 4, then crenulate or excised to oul.r
angle; the retinaculum bar-shaped in male; veins 7, § 9 10
slalked. Hind wing with veins 3, 4, 5 from lower angle of cell.

2317. Clethrophora distincta, Leech, RZ.S. 1889, p. 506, pi. 52,
^. Held!' thorax, and fore wing bright bluish or yeUowish

CLErnnoPHOHA. — chueia.

117

grass-green ; abdomen deep red. Fore wing with traces of an
antemedial curved dark line ; a speck at end of cell ; a curved pale
and dark line from costa just before apex to inner margin be3'ond

Kg. 233, — Ckthrophora distincta, ^. \.

middle ; an indistinct dentate and angled submargiual line. Hind
wing deep red. Underside orange-red; the costa of fore wing
and the hind wing irrorated with black.

2 with the abdomen and hind wing much yellower.

Hah. Japan; Sikhim. Exp., ^ 44, 5 54 millim.

Genus CHUEIA.
Chiu-ia, Moore, P. Z. S. 1881, p. 359.
Type, 0. nigrosigna, Moore.

Range. Himalayas ; Assam ranges ; Calcutta ; Western Ghats ;
Ceylon.

Palpi upturned, the 2nd joint reaching vertex of head, the 3rd
naked and variable in length. Antennae minutely ciliated in
male. Fore wing with the apex somewhat rounded. Hind wing
with vein 5 from lower angle of cell ; 3 and 4 on a short stalk, or
from cell.

Sect. I. Outer margin of both wings not excised below apex.

2318. Churia arcnata, Wlk. Cat. xii, p. 779; C. S. no. 1803.

Anomis iconica, Wlk. Cat. xiii, p. 992 ; C.& S. no. 2239 : Hmpsn.

/«. S^ei. ix, pi. 167, %. 8. ' ^ ' ^

Bnarda cervina, Wlk. Cat. xxxv, p. 1968 ; C. 8, 8. no. 3010.
Anomis cervina, var. instabilis, Bull. III. Ret. vii, p. 72, pi. 131,

lig. 3. ; r ) r >

Anomis flglina, Butl. III. Het. vii, p. 71, pi. 131, fig. 2.

Fig. 234. — Churia arcuata, . \.

Pale red, sometimes purplish. Fore wing with two indistinct
waved medial lines, bent outwards at median nervure ; two waved
postmedial oblique Unes reaching the inner margin near outer

VOL. II. 2 E

418 WOOTTJIDiB.

angle ; a submarginal sinuous series of dark specks. Hind wing
pale and semihyaline.

The form cervina is pale yellowish brown ; some specimens nave
a prominent dark lunule at end of cell of fore wing.

Eab. Sikhim ; Khasis ; Khaudala ; Nilguis ; Ceylon ; Eangoon.
Ex2J., 6 30-34, ? 42 raillim.

2319. Cliuria ocellata, Butl. III. Het. vii, p. 72, pi. 131, fig. 4.

Pale ochreous brown. Fore wing often irrorated with black ; a
more or less prominent ring-spot at end of cell ; traces of ante-
medial, postmedial, and submarginal waved lines.

Hah. N.W. Himalayas ; Nagas. Exp. 34 millim.

2390. Churia maculata, Moore, P. Z. S. 1881, p. 360 ; id. Lep. Ceyl.
iii, pi. 150, %. 7 ; C. §•5'. BO. 1870.

DifEers from ocellata in having a black speck at end of cell of
fore wing, or sometimes ring-spots at middle and end of cell ; three
submarginal black specks, the two lower sometimes absent ; m one
specimen the black irroration is very strongly developed.

Hah. Nilgiris ; Ceylon. Exp. 28 millim.

*2321.- Churia nigrisigna, Moore, P. Z. S. 1881, p. 360, pi. 37, fig. 13 ;
Ch^rit Moore, P. Z. S. 1881, p. 360 -,0.^8. no. 1872.

Differs from maculata in being uniform brownish ochreous ; fore
wing with a black spot at end of cell. , , , ,

The form ochracea is yellower, without the black spot.

Eab. Calcutta. Exp. 26 millim.

2322. Churia lilaciaa, n. sp.

p . Differs from arcuaia in being grey, slightly suffused with
mirplish ; the abdomen fuscous, with the anal tuft white Hind
Cg not semihyaline, but whitish, suffused with fuscous towards

'%"sTkMm, 6000 feet (Moller). Exp. 34 millim. Type in
coll. Elwes.

Sect. II. Outer margin of each wing slightly excised below apex.

2323. Churia discisigna, n. sp.

A Eeddish grey-brown. Fore wing with indistinct dentate

CAPOTBNA.

419

Genus CAPOTENA.

Capotena, Wlk. Cat. xi, p. 714 (1857).
Brada, Wlk. Cat. xv, p. 1665 (1858).
Phanaca, Wlk. Cat. xxxiii, p. 856 (1865).

Type, C. apriformis, Wlk.

Range. Sikhim ; Canara ; Nilgiris ; Ceylon.

Palpi upturned, reaching yertex of head, the 3rd joint minute.
Antennae very long and minutely ciliated. Fore wing long and
narrow, the apex rounded ; vein 6 given off from the areole, which
is long ; 7 from just before the end of it. Hind wing with the
apex rounded ; veins 3 and 4 stalked.

2324. Capotena tmncata, Wlk. Cat. xv, p. 1666 ; Moore, Lep. Ceyl.
ii, pi. 122, figs. 2a,b (larva) ; C. 8f S. no. 1119.

Head and thorax chestnut-brown. Fore wing chestnut, with
the costa pale ; a pale outwardly-oblique antemedial line ; a dark
speck at end of cell ; a slightly curved inwardly-oblique postmedial
line ; traces of a dark waved submarginal Une ; abdomen and hind
wing dark ohve-brown.

Nilgiri specimens have a greyer and more fuscous tone than the
Ceylon form.

Larva with the three thoracic somites swollen ; two dorsal
tubercles on 11th somite. Colour red-brown, the anterior somites
olive-brown ; a pale-centred double lunulate black dorsal line ending

as a black band ; thoracic somites with black dorsal spots and
streaks ; pale centred double black lateral paired lines.

Cocoon pale red; compact ; with a conical projection at end.

Eab. Sikhim ; Nilgiris ; Ceylon. Exp. 40 milhm.

2325. Capotena apriformis, Wlk. Cat. xi, p. 715.

Phanaca clamnipennis, Wlk. Cat. xxxiii, p. 857 ; C. Sf S. no. 2188.

2 . Differs from truncata in the head and thorax being black-
brown. Fore wing suffused with silvery grey, the costa whitish ;
the ante- and postmedial lines waved.

The type is from Canara, not Java.

Eab. Canara ; Ceylon. JSxj). 32 millim.

Fig. 2S5.— Capotena truncata, c?. \.

2b2

420

H'OOTTJID^.

Genus PSEUDELYDNA, nov.

Type, P. rufojlava, "Wlk.
Bange. Himalayas ; Canara.

Palpi smooth and upturned, the 3rd joint minute; antennae
very long and fasciculated in male ; abdomen very long in male,
in which sex the hind tibisB and tarsi are clotbed with long hair on
the outer side, the tibia without spurs and with a very long tuft of
hair on the inner side. Tore wing narrow, with the apex rounded ;
the outer margin oblique ; veins 8 and 9 anastomosing to form an
areola ; hind wing with the anal angle produced to a slight point
in male ; veins 3 and 4 stalked.

2326. Pseudelydna rufoflava, Wlk. Cat. x, p. 467 ; C. S. no. 1816.

cJ . Head and thorax bright yellow ; antenna? fulvous ; abdo-
men fuscous, the anal tuft fulvous. Fore wing bright yellow ; a
faint subbasal curved line ; an oblique antemedial line ; a fulvous
rinc'-spot at end of cell ; a curved postmedial and waved sub-

/

Fig ^Z&.—Pseicddydna rufojlava, J . \.
marginal line, the area beyond the latter rufous. Hind wing red,
the inner area tinged with fuscous. j , • j

2 with the vertex of thorax fulvous; the abdomen and hind

wing paler.

Hah. Almorah. Exp. 36 millim.

2327. Pseudelydna diurna, Swinh. P. Z. S. 1889, p. 412, pi. 43, fig. 10.

Differs from rvfofava in the head, thorax, and fore wing being
pale brick-red ; the antemedial Une more curved ; hmd wing with
the inner area not fuscous.

Hub. Sikkim; N. Canara. Exp. 36 miUim.

Genus TYMPANISTES.

Tympanistes, Mom-e, P. Z. 8. 1867, p. 48.
Type, T. pallida, Moore. _

Ranae. Dharmsdla ; Sikhim. ... t. ^

Palpi porrect and smoothly scaled, the 3rd jonit long ; antenna^
of male almost simple. Fore wing produced and ^^^^ ^ a* '
neuratioD normal; hind wing with veins 3 and 4 stalked, 5 from
just above lower angle of cell.

TTMPANISTES. — CAHBA.

421

Male with the retinaculum bar-shaped ; the baf3al segment of
the abdomen with paired sound -producing organs below, con-
sisting of hollow cavities inside each of which a spatulate process
strikes on a projecting ridge, a fan of long scales projecting
backwards from the surrounding membrane, the sound produced
bemg compared to that of a policeman's rattle ; the claspers when
exposed surrounded by dense masses of floss-silk.

2328. Tympanistes rubidorsalis, Moore, P. Z. S. 1888, p. 409 ; Butl.
HI. Ret. vii, p. 52, pi. 126, fig. 5.

cJ . Head, thorax, and fore wing brownish ochreous ; the last
with a dark-ringed white spot at end of cell ; faint traces of an
irregularly waved postmedial line; a series of marginal specks.

Pig. 237. — Tympanistes rubidorsalis, cj . l-

Hind wing semihyaline white ; the inner area suffused with
pinkish red. Abdomen bright red above.
Hab. Dharmsala. Bx^. 52 millim.

2329. Tympanistes pallidus, Moore, P. Z. S. 1867, p. 49, pi. 6, fig. 1 ;

a I S. no. 1716.

cJ . Differs from rubidorsalis in the head, thorax, and fore wing
being of a yellowish tinge, the last with no spot at end of cell ; a
submarginal as well as the postmedial waved line traceable; abdo-
men not so bright red ; hind wing without red on inner area.

Hab. Sikhim. Ecep. 50 millim.

2330, Tympanistes testaceus, Moore, P. Z. S. 1867, p. 49, pi. 6, fig. 2;

C. Si- 8. no. 1717.

5 . Differs from pallida in the head, base, and costa of fore
wing being green ; the ground-colour of fore wing redder ; a black
spot at end of cell. Hind wing reddish yellow.

Mab. Sikhim. Exj>. 44 millim.

G-enus CAREA.

Carea, Wlk. Cat. x, p. 474 (1866).

Dabarita, Wl7c. Cat. x, p. 478.

Ranaja, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 121 (1882).

Type, G, varices, Wlk.

422

NOCTUIDiB.

Range. Throughout India, Burma, and Ceylon ; Andamans;
Malacca ; Borneo ; Java.

Palpi upturned, reaching vertex of head. Antennas ciliated in
male. Mid tibia with a terminal pair of spurs ; hind tibia in
male very much shortened, with a minute terminal pair of spurs,
and with a tuft of long scales extending from its extremity along
the inner side of the first tarsal joint, which is much elongated and
swollen. Pore wing with the apex quadrate ; vein 6 from angle
of cell ; 8 and 9 anastomosing to form the areole, M'hich is long.
Hind wing with the apex rounded ; veins 3 and 4 from angle of
cell.

Sect. I. (Baharita). Eore wing with the outer margin
angled at vein 4.

2331. Carea subtilis, Wlk. Cat. x, p. 479 ; Moore, Lep. Ceyl. ji,pl. 123,
figs. 3, 3 a ; Forsayeth, T)-ans. Ent. Soc. 1884, pi. 14, figs. 4, 4 6
(larva) ; C. 8f S. no. 1118.

Head, thorax, and fore wing varying from pinldsh flesh-colour
to red-brown. Fore wing with an outwardly oblique line from
the costa before the middle to inner margin beyond the middle ; a
curved double line from costa before apex to outer angle. Hind
wing white, with some pink on outer margin below the apex.
Abdomen whitish, the vertex more or less suffused with fuscous
and red-brown.

Fig. 238. — Carea suhtilis, c? . \.

G-anjam specimens are very pale, with the markings of fore
wing almost obsolete.

Larva. Thoracic somites very much swollen and green; the
other somites pale red-brown, with white, reddish, and brown
lateral lines ; a dorsal tubercle on terminal somite.

Hah. Throughout India and Ceylon; Andamans; Java. E.v£.,
cJ 36, $ 40 miUim.

2332. Carea chlorostigma, Hmpsn. lU. Bet. ix, p. 101, pi. 159, fig. 12.

cJ . Head, base of collar, femora, and tibite variegated orange
and dark ferruginous. Thorax and fore wing greyish red-brown,
the latter with very indistinct waved antemedial, postmedial, and
submarginal lines ; a round dark green spot in middle of cell, an
elongate spot below it, and a lunulate spot on discocelhdars ; a

CABBA.

423

purplish blotch on costa before the apex ; outer margin sufEused
with chestnut below the apex. Abdomen and hind wing pale
reddish brown.

The Sikbim specimen has the green spots large.

Bob. Sikhim ; Ceylon. Exp. 34 millim.

Sect. 11. (Carea). Eore wing with the outer margin
regularly curved.

2333. Carea varipes, Wlk. Cat. x, p. 475 ; Moore, Lep. Ceyl. n, pi. 123,

figs. 1, 1 a ; C.SfS. no. 1121.
Chora curvifera, Wlk. Journ. Linn. Soo. vi, p. 188.
Dabai-ita rhodophila, Wlk. Cat. xxxiii, p. 718.

Head, thorax, and fore wing pale or dark red-brown, or suffused
with olive-green. Fore wing with an indistinct curved oblique
antemedial line ; two dark specks in the eud of cell ; a curved
double line from costa to outer angle ; traces of a dark or greyish
submarginal line. Hind wing reddish orange ; the inner margin
whitish or fuscous. Abdomen red-brown or fuscous.

Larva with the thoracic somites very much swollen ; an elon-
gated conical tubercle on 11th somite. Colour purplish or
greenish olive-brown ; a purplish white band from 3rd to 11th
somite ; head small and red.

Cocoon with a conical projection from the end, compact, and
oval.

JIab. Assam ; Ceylon ; Malacca ; Borneo ; Java. Exj>., c? 43,
2 48 milUm.

2334. Carea nitida, n. sp.

2 . Head and thorax dark brown ; abdomen paler, with a pink
tinge at sides. Fore wing dark red-brown suffused with purplish
grey, except the postmedial area ; oblique, slightly curved, ante- and
postmedial dark hues ; an indistinct waved submarginal line.
Hind wing bright red, the inner area suffused with fuscous.
Underside of fore wing red ; hind wing ochreous, irrorated with
red.

JLab. Sikhim {Elwes). Exp. 40 millim. Type in coll. Elwes.

2335. Carea purpurea, Smpan. III. Met. Tiii, 69, pi. 141, figs. 4, 9.

Fore wing with the apex more acute. Head, thorax, and fore
wing dark purplish red-brown, the last with a line from the costa
before the middle to inner margin beyond the middle ; a dark
speck at end of cell ; a waved shghtly oblique postmedial line ; a
series of submarginal specks. Hind wing pale yellow, suffused
with reddish orange towards outer margin. Abdomen reddish
fuscous.

Lfab. Sikhim ; Nilgiris. Exp., S 32, 2 40 millim,

2336. Carea obsolescens, Moore, Trans. Ent. Soc. 1884, p. 366 ; C.^S.

no. 1120.

424

NOCTUIDiE.

d". Differs from purpurea in the head, thorax, and fore wing
being pale reddish chestnut ; the last without the dark speck at
end of cell ; cilia tipped with white. Abdomen and hind wing
ochreous, the latter with a reddish tinge towards outer margin.

The Bhutan specimen has an indistinct fascia from apex of
fore wing.

Hah. Bhutan; Mahableshwar ; Nilgiris; Ceylon. £i^}.43millim.

2337. Carea faaciata, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 121, pi. iv, fig. 18 ; C. S,- S.

no. 1922.

cJ . Head and collar chestnut ; thorax and abdomen reddish
fuscous. Fore wing red-brown, suffused with purplish grey ; the
basal area and a broad postmedial band deep green ; oblique ante-
and postmedial and dentate submarginal green lines. Hind wing
red, the inner area fuscous.

Mab. Sikhim. Kvp). 40 miilim.

2338. Carea costiplaga, Sioinh. A. M. N. H. (6) xii, p. 262.

$ . Pale reddish grey. Fore wing with a small red-brown
antemedial spot on the costa ; a large subtriangular patch before
the apex ; indistinct ante- and postmedial oblique lines ; a black
speck at end of cell ; cilia red-brown. Hind wing reddish orange.
Underside reddish orange, with a whitish patch on costa of fore
wing before apex ; the inner area of hind wing pale.

Hah. Sibsagar. Exp. 36 millim.

2339. Carea fuscomarginata, n. sp.

<3 . Bright chestnut-red. "Fore wing with a dark speck at end
of cell ; antemedial, postmedial, and submarginal indistinct waved
lines. Hind wing red ; the inner area fuscous.

Hab. Mergui (poliertij). Exp. 30 millim. Type in coll. Druce.

2340. Carea albopurpiu'ea, Swinh. MS.

Head and collar ferruginous ; thorax whitish ; abdomen whitish,
suffused with fuscous. Fore wing white, suffused with purple
except the apical area ; an obliquely waved rufous antemedial line
and similar double postmedial line filled in M'ith white, and with a
large rufous patch inside it ; a submarginal series of rufous specks ;
cilia rufous from apex to vein 4. Hind wing white ; the inner
area fuscous.

Hah. Sikhim {Knyveit) ; Khasis {Hamilton). Exp. 32 millim.
Type in B. M.

Genus PTYONOTA, nov.

Type, P. formosa, Hmpsn.
Range. Tenasserim.

Palpi reaching vertex of head ; abdomen with a dorsal fan of
scales at base. Fore wing with the apex produced and acute, the
Outer margin excised below it. Veins 8 and 9 anastomosing to

PTYOIfOTA. I'OETRICIFOEMA.

425

form the areole, which is long. Hiud wing with veins 3 and 4
staliced.

2341. Ptyonota formosa, n. sp.

$ . Head rufous ; collar black-brown ; fcboi-ax grey ; an ochre-
ous and rufous patch on metathorax ; abdomen reddish brown,
with the basal tuft pure white. Fore wing grey, with a rufous
subbasal band ; a sinuous antemedial rufous and grey line, with a
large red patch inside it from median nervure to inner margin ; a

Fig. 239. — Ptyonota formosa, J . \.

black speck in cell, and lunule on orange spot at end of it ; the
postmedial area red, with an irregularly waved postmedial dark line
on it, and similar submarginal line. Hind wing pale, suffused with
red.

Hah. Tenasserim Valley (BoJierty). Exp. 34 millim. Type in
coll, Druce.

Genus TORTEICIFORMA, nov.

Type, T. viridipuncta, Hmpsn.
Range. Sikhim.

Proboscis fully developed ; palpi upturned and smoothly scaled,
the 2nd joint reaching vei'tex of head, the 3rd long. Fore wing
with the costa arched at base and excised before the apex ; the
outer margin excised from the apex to vein 6, where it is produced
to an angle and again excurved between veins 4 and 2 ; veins 6
and 7 from cell ; 8, 9, 10 stalked. Hind wing with veins 3 and 4
stalked ; 5 from near lower angle of cell ; 6 and 7 from upper
angle ; the costa sUghtly excised.

2342. Tortriciforma viridipuncta, n. sp.

$. Pale

Fig. 240.

Tortrioiforma viridipuncta, 5 .

Mab. Sikhim (Knyvett).

reddish. Pore wing
slightly irrorated with black scales ;
a large bright green spot on costa
near base, and a comma-shaped
spot from costa to upper angle of
cell; a black speck on discocelluiars.
Hind wing orange-red ; underside
with ferruginous spot at end of
cell, and two waved lines beyond it.
Exp. 28 millim. Type in coll. Knyvett.

426

NOOTUIDiF.

Genus TINOSOMA, uov.

Type, T. hyperyilirum, Hmpsn.

Range. Nagas ; Burma ; Andamans ; Borneo.

Palpi upturned, reaching above vertex of head. Antennae very
long. Abdomen slender and very long. Fore wing long and
rather narrow ; the costa arched ; the inner margin curved ; veins
6 and 7 from angle of cell ; 8, 9, 10 stalked; hind wing with veins
3 and 4 from cell.

Sect. I. Fore wing with the outer margin hardly excised between
the apex and vein 3. Antennae of male bipectinate.

2343. Tinosoma hyperythrum, n. sp.

(J . Head, thorax, abdomen, and fore wing pale red-brown.
Fore wing ^vith traces of waved ante- and postmedial lines ; a
dark dot in end of cell ; indistinct submarginal and marginal

Fig. 241. — Tinosoma hyperf/thrum, ^J. \.

series of dark dots. Hind wing and underside bright red ; the
latter with the apex of fore wing pale.

Hah. Naga Ilills, 2000 feet {Dolierty) ; Andamans ; Borneo.

Exp. 28 millim. Type in coll. Elwes.

Sect. II. Fore wing with the outer margin highly excised between
the apex and vein 3. Antennae of male simple.

2344. Tinosoma mirahile, Sioinh. Trans. Ent. Soc. 1890, p. 237.

cJ . Head and thorax pale reddish ; abdomen fuscous. Fore
wing pale reddish, slightly irrorated with browm ; waved ante- and
postmedial Unes, the latter excurved beyond the cell ; a series of
black submarginal specks, some brown suffusion at outer angle.
Hind wing pale brownish red ; underside pale, with indistinct
cell-spot and two black subapical spots.

Hab. Eangoon. Basp. 20 millim.

Sect. III. Fore wing with the outer margin slightly excised
between the apex and vein 3, from thence to outer angle ob-
lique and crenulate. Antennae of male simple.

2345. Tinosoma bilinea, Swinh. Trans. Ent. Soc. 1890, p. 237.

d . Pale reddish brown. Fore wing suffused with purplish and

TINOSOMA. — BEAHA.

427

slightly iiTorated with black scales ; a cirrved subbasal line, slightly
simious autemedial, medial, and postmedial Unes, the ante- and
postmedial with pale inner edge : a black spot on discocellulars
and submarginal series of black specks ; a large chestnut medial
patch on the costa, and smaller patch on apical part of outer
mai'gin. Hind wing orange-red, with a submarginal series of
black specks. Underside of fore wing with the disk orange-red ;
hind wing pale ; the costal area irrorated with red-brown ; a cell-
spot ; the submarginal black specks prominent.

Hab. Eangoon ; E. Pegu ; Tenasserim. Exp. 26 millim.

Genus GELASTOCERA.

Gelastocera, Butl Ann. N. H. (4) xx, p. 476 (1877).

Type, 0. extista, Butl., from Japan.
Eange. Japan; Sikhim.

Palpi upturned, reaching above vertex of head, the 3rd joint
short. Antennae bipectinated for two-thirds length in male. Eore
wing with the apex rather produced and acute : vein 8 anasto-
mosing with 9 and 10 to form the areole. Hind wing with veins
3 and 4 from cell.

2346. Gelastocera castanea, 3Ioore, Lep. Atk. p. 71, pi. 3, fig. 9 ;
C. Sr S. no. 1211.

Head, thorax, and fore wing red-brown ; the last with very in-
distinct dusky ante- and postmedial bands ; an indistinct fuscous
reniform spot ; indistinct submarginal and marginal series of dark

Fig. 242. — Gelastocera castanea, J • \.

specks. Hind wing white, the apical portion of outer margin with
a slight pink tinge. Abdomen fuscous white.
Hab. Sikhim. E.vp., 6 32, $ 40 millim.

Genus BEAEA.
Beara, Wlh. Cat. xxxv, p. 1703 (1866).
Type, B. dichromella, Wlk.

Rancje. Bombay ; Nilgiris ; Ceylon ; Tenasserim ; Java.

Palpi upturned, reaching above vertex of head, the 3rd joint
rather long. Antennse minutely ciliated in male. Fore wing with
the costa arched, the apex acute, the outer margin excurved ; vein
8 anastomosing with 9 and 10 to form the areole, which is very
minute. Hind wing with veins 3 and 4 stalked.

428

2347. Beara dichromella, Wlk.

CeijL ii, pi. 123, ligs. 2,2a;

l¥ig. 243.— Beara diohromella, J. \.
Hah. Bombay ; Nilgiris ; Ceylc

Cat. XXXV, p. 1703 ; Moore, Lep.
a 8r S. no. iai2.

d . Head, thorax, and fore
wing red-brown, irrorated with
fuscous scales ; traces of ante-
medial, postmedial, and sub-
marginal waved lines ; a dark
speck in cell and spot at end of
it ; a dark marginal line. Ab-
domen and bind wing whitish,
the latter sufEused with reddish
at apex.

1 ; Tenasserim. E.vjj. 24 millim.

Subfamily QUADRIFIN^.

Palpi with the 2nd joint more or less thickened ; the scaling
rather hairy ; the tibiae very frequently spined, and the tarsal joints
short. Tore wing with veins 8 and 9 almost always anastomosing
to form an areole. Hind wing with vein 5 fully developed and
from or from near lower angle of cell.

Fig. 244. — Larva of Tinolius eburneigutta. \.

Larva. Serai-loopers, with either the four pairs of abdominal
prolegs fully developed or with the first or first two pairs partially
or totally aborted.

Key to the Genera.

A. Proboscis short and weak ; the cilia of fore

wing strongly toothed 1. Cexola, p. 434.

B. Proboscis f uUy developed.

a. Eyes hairy.

a'. Abdomen without dorsal tufts 2. Moma, p. 435.

b'. Abdomen with dorsal tufla 3. Tbisuloides, p. 436.

b. Eyes naked.

a'. Hind wing with the cell very short,
a^. Mid tibice spined.

a\ Wings with the cilia crenulnte 13. Anisoneura, P- 46o.

'b\ Wings with the ciha uou-creuulate . 17. Agonista, p. 403.

QTTADBiriNJ3.

429

b-. Mid and hind tihiro spined 15. Nyctipao, p. 458.

C-. Tibiffi not spined.
a'. Fore wing with the apex not falcate,
rt'. Fore wing with the cilia crenulate . 14. Spirbdonia, p. 457.
b \ Fore wing with the cilia non-crenii-

Ijite 81. Calesia, p. 579.

¥. Fore wing with the apex more or
less falcate,
a'. Hind wing with the outer margin

more or less angled 16. Hylodes, p. 462.

6*. Hind wing with the outer margin

rounded 55. Ischtja, p. 5-37.

c'. Hind wing with the outer margin

nearly straight 56. Platyja, p. 539.

V. Hind wing with the cell of normal
length.

or. Abdomen with large anal tuft; the

wings produced at apex ; hind wing

with the outer margin straight ; the

anal angle lobed 57. Iontha, p. 541.

b-. Hind wing ample, the apex produced,

a large tuft of hair on inner margin ;

hind legs with immensely developed

tufts of hair 58. Cbithote, p. 641.

c^. Shape sphingiform ; the abdomen long.

Fore wing long and produced at [p. 490.

apex 32. Sphingomoepha,

dr. Fore wing with the costa highly arched,

the apex produced, the outer and inner

margins forming a continuous curve . 72. Phyilodes, p. 557.
e^. Fore wing with the apex produced
upwards to a slight lobe and cut off
square to centre of outer margin,

which is much angled 67. Lycimna, p. 650.

f^. Shape and appearance normal.
a'. Abdomen uniformly clothed with
long woolly hair ; males with a

chitinous rasp on dorsum 28. Abcte, p. 485.

b^. Abdomen with prominent dorsal tufts,
a'. Fore wing with a tooth of scales at
outer angle,
a'. Thorax with a large spreading tuft
on vertex,
a". Fore wing vdthout raised tufts of

scales 77. Pi,usia, p. 567.

6^. Fore wing with raised tufts of

scales 78. Abbostola, p. 577.

6'. Thorax without a large spreading
tuft on vertex.
a?. Fore wing with the cilia crenu-
late 8. Ebygia, p. 444.

i'. Fore wing with the cilia non-
crenulate.
a". Fore wing with the apex rect-
angular 27. Mosaba, p. 485.

6'. Fore wing with the apex

rounded 7. Bateachaeta, p. 443.

UrOOTUIDiE,

b*. Fore wing witli no tooth of scales
at outer angle,
a'. Thorax quadrately scaled, the

metathorax tufted 9. Sypna, p. 446.

6'. Thorax not quadrately scaled.

a". Mid tibice spiued 19. Homopteha, p. 474.

b". Mid tibiffi not spined.
aJ. Palpi clothed with hair, the 2nd
joint not flattened.
a^. Thorax with a high shai-p crest. 31. Coahica, p. 489.
Thorax without a high crest.
a". Metathorax tufted.

a". Palpi upturned 30. 1\Iithila, p. 488.

Palpi obliquely porrect 20. Panilla, p. 476.

b". Metathorax not tufted.
a^". Fore wing with the costa
arched towards apex.
a^^. Fore wing with vein 10

given off from the areole . 18. Polydbsma, p. 465.
b^^. Fore wing with vein 10

given oS after the areole . 80. Tinolius, p. 578.
6'°. Fore wing with the costa
nearly straight ; abdomen
with strong ridges and tufts

of hair 26. Catephia, p. 481.

b''. Palpi smoothly scaled, the 2nd
•joint wide and flattened, the

3rd long 59. Haematelia, p. 542.

c'. Abdomen without prominent dorsal
tufts.

«*. Mid tibite without spines.
a'. Fore wing with the outer margin
not angled.
a^ Fore wing with the costa mode-
rately arched.
a'. Mid and hind tibise with tufts

of spinous hair 21. Melipotis, p. 4/7.

b''. Mid and hind tibiES without tufts
of spinous hair.
flS. Palpi with the 3rd joint up-
turned, no frontal tuft,
a". Palpi with the 2nd joint
clothed with hair.
a^°. Fore wing broad,
a". Thescalinghairyandrough. 4. Teisfla, p. 4d7.
b^^. The scaling smooth,
fti^ Fore wing with the apex
acute and slightly pro-
duced 45. Baniana, p. 513.

J". Fore wing with the apex
rectangular,
o". Hind wing with vein 5
from above lower angle

of cell 47. Plecoptera, p. 518.

Hind wing with vein 5
from lower angle of cell. 46. Bohsippa, p. 51b.
b^°. Fore wing narrow.

QUADEIFINiE.

431

a". Fore wing with the apex

rectangular 23. Lyncbstis, p. 479.

4". Fore wing with the apex

rounded 6. PhobiCA, p. 443.

¥. Palpi with the 2nd joint
■smoothly scaled.
Palpi ^vith the 2nd joint not
reaching above vertex of
head.

a". Abdomen with strong ridges

of coarse hair 29. Cyclodes, p. 487,

5^'. Abdomen without strong
ridges of coarse hair.
a}-. Fore wing increasing in
width to outer margin;
the abdomen rounded,
a". Palpi with the 2nd joint
reaching vertex of head,
the 3rd long,
a". Fore wing with the apex

rounded 35. Chbysopeba, p. 493.

6^*. Fore wing with the apex

rectangular 51. Fodina, p. 529.

b^^. Palpi with the 2nd joint
not reaching vertex of
head, the 3rd short,
o^*. Fore wing with the
inner margin notlobed
at base and without,
tuft of hair at outer

angle 34. Bbana, p. 492.

i^*. Fore wing with the
inner margin lobed at
base and with tuft of

hair at outer angle . . 75. Pskudocalpe, p. 566.
V^. Fore wing of nearly even
width throughout ; the
abdomen flattened .... 38. Isouea, p. 506.
h^". Palpi with the 2nd joint
reaching above vertex of
head, the .3rd long,
a". Fore wing with the apex

falcate 44. Sympis, p. 512.

6". Fore wing with the apex

rounded 69. Ommatophoba,

b". Palpi with tlie 3rd joint iip- [p. 551.

turned, a short sharp frontal

tuft 43. Delgamma, p. 512.

c". Palpi with the 3rd joint ob-
liquely porrect.
a". Fronswith a short sharp tuft;
fore wing with the ciUa
non-crenulato.
fit". Fore wing with the apex

slightly produced 54. Thebmesia, p. 533.

6'°. Fore wing with the apex
not produced.

432

NOCTUID^.

a". Fore wing broad ; hind
wing with the anal angle

truncate 40.

J". Fore wing narrower ; hind
wing with the anal angle

rounded 42.

V. Frons rounded ; the cilia crenu-

late 41.

it*. Palpi with the 2nd joint tri-
angularly scaled, the third very

minute 48.

e^. Palpi porrect and triangularly
scaled ; ashortsharp frontal tuft.
a^. Fore wing with the inner mar-
gin not lohed near base nor

hooked at outer angle 11.

IP. Fore wing with the inner
margin lohed near base and
hooked at outer angle.
a}". Fore wing with veins 8 and
9 anastomosing to form an

areole 74.

6". Fore wing with veins 7, 8,

9, 10 stalked 76.

i". Fore wing with the costa straight ;
the outer margin obliquely
rounded.

a'. Fore wing with the apex rect-
angular 63.

W. Fore wing with the apex acute :

hind tibise of male distorted . . 22.
c°. Fore wing with the costa very
highly arched towards apex,
which is more or less falcate.
a'. Fore vsdng with no lobe or tuft
of hair on inner margin.
a". Palpi with the 3rd joint of
moderate length ; fore wing
with the cilia crenulate.
a". Fore wing narrow and pro-
duced at apex 64.

W. Fore wing broad and short . . 71.
V. Palpi with the 3rd joint minute ;
the cilia non-crenulate.
a". Palpi upturned ; no frontal

tuft 65.

i^ Palpi with the 3rd joint por-
rect; a short sharp frontal
tuft; fore wing with the apex

extremely acute _ . 66.

W. Fore wing with the inner margin
lohed near base and with a tuft

of hair at outer angle . 73.

6'. Fore wing with the outer margin
more or less angled.
a^ Fore wing with the cilia non-
crenulate.

Aneredthina, p. 509.

DOEDTJBA, p. 611.
Sebbodes, p. 510.

ACANTHOLIPES,

[p. 520.

IIypocala, p. 452.

Calpe, p. 563.
Absacia, p. 667.

Bematha, p. 546.
Gnamptogyia, p. 478.

OxYODES, p. 546.
INIiNiODES, p. 556.

IIamodes, p. 547.

Px^EtTBONA, p. 549.

Ophideees, p. 558.

QUAJ)RIFIN.!E.

433

a'. Fore wing with the apex not
produced ; the outer marpin of
both wings slightly angled.
Fore wing with the iimer mar-
gin excised and with tufts of

hair at centre and outer angle. 79. Plusiodonta, p. 577.
6°. Fore wing with the inner mar-
gin not excised and without
tufts of hair.

rt^. Palpi with the 3rd joint short. 00. Epispabis, p. 54.3.
b". Palpi with the 3rd joint longer. 61. Clatebna, p. 544.
h'. Fore wing with the apex pro-
duced; the outer margin of both

wings highly angled 62. Amphigonia, p. 545.

6". Fore wing with the cilia highly

crenulate , 33. Laceba, p. 491.

i*. Mid tibiaB spined.
u\ Palpi with the 3rd joint upturned ;
no frontal tuft,
a". Palpi with the 2nd joint hardly
reaching vertex of head and
clothed with hair.
a'. Fore tibiae with a pair of crooked

terminal spines 24. Gnajiptonyx, p. 480.

v. Fore tibia without crooked
terminal spines,
a'. Hind tibife spined.
a". The cilia non-crenulate.
«'". Pore wing with the apex
and outer margin somewhat

I'ounded 25. Pseudophia, p. 480.

0 . Fore wing with the apex
somewhat produced ; the

outer margin oblique .50. Trigonodes, p. 527.

6". The cilia crenulate 10. Ercheia, p. 451.

i". Hind tibiae not spined.

a\ The cilia crenulate 5. Catocala, p. 439.

6". The cilia non-crenulate.
d^". Palpi with the 2nd joint

fringed with long hail- 68. Homcea, p. 551.

h^". Palpi with the 2nd joint
clothed with short hair,
n". Fore wing somewhat falcate. 53. Entomogbamma,

Fore wing not falcate. [p. 532,

a^^ Fore wing with the outer
margin somewhat ob-

lique 49. Remigia, p. 525.

0 2. Fore wing with the outer

„■ , • ■ , "I'^^g"! "oi'e erect 52. Gbammodes, p. 631

b". Falpi with the 2nd joint reaching
just above vertex of head and
smoothly scaled.
a'. Fore wing with the costa evenly
arched.

a'. Hind wing with the anal angle

truncate; the tibiiB hairy. . 36. OramsA, p. 493.
yoL. II. 2 J?

434

IfOCTinBiB.

Spieama, p. 552.
Lagoptera, p. 505.

6'. Hind wing with the anal angle
rounded; the tibise usually

naked ''0

v. Fore wing narrower ; the costa
arched near base, then straight. 37
h\ Palpi with the 3rd joint obliquely
porrect.

Frons with a short sharp tuft ;
fore wing with the apex not

falcate .• • 39. Hypjetba, p. 507.

i**. Frons rounded ; fore wing with
the apex falcate ; cilia of both
winga highly crenulate ; hind
wing with the outer margin
produced to a point at vein 4 . . 12

Genus CETOLA.

[p. 454.
Pterocyclopeoea,

Cetola, Wlk. Cat. v, p. 1015 (1855).
Type, G. dentata, Wlk.

Bange. Nepal ; Inclore. , . • j y t> i„;

Eves naked and without lashes ; proboscis thm and weak. Falpi
hairy, upturned, and reaching just above vertex of head. Antennae
serrated in both sexes ; thorax with a large spreading tuft ot scales ;
abdomen with dorsal tufts on proximal segments ; legs hairy,
without spines. Fore wing with the cilia crenulate and strongly
toothed towards outer angle. Hind wmg with vein 5 given oil
from below centre of discocellulars.

2348. Cetola dentata, Wlk. Cat. v, p. 1016 ■ C_ ^ S. l^- mQ

Ramesa ligniferata, Wlk. Cat. xxxii, p. 415 ; (7. ^ -S. no. lo26.
Head thorax, and abdomen red-brown ; collar and thoracic tuft
.rey-brown. Tore wing reddish buff, with a broad grey-brown
LTia on costa, narrowiifg to apex ; the orbicular -distincMar^^^^
and rounded with dark outhne ; reniform with the upper part
indislinct, the lower white and extending downwards almost to

1-

Eig. 245.— Geiola dentata, cJ-
vein 2 ; some red-brown streaks towards apex at middle of outer

MOMA.

435

Genus MOMA.
Moma, Hiibn. Verz. p. 203 (1818).

Type, M. ludifiea, Linn., from Europe.
Range. Europe ; India ; Ceylon.

Eyes hairy ; proboscis fully developed ; palpi obliquely upturned
and clothed with long hair below, the 3rd joint short. Thorax
and abdomen without tufts, the latter clothed with long hair at
sides.

Larva forms a cocoon in a rolled-up leaf.

Sect. I. Antennte of male simple.

2349. Moma champa, Moore, P. Z. S. 1879, p. 403, pi. 33, fig. 2 ; C. ^- S.
no. 1213.

cJ . Head and thorax white ; the 3rd joint of palpi, a spot
between antennae, and the antennae, except basal part of shaft,
black ; thorax banded and spotted with black ; abdomen yellow,

the extremity white, a dorsal series
of black spots and ventral series
of bands. Fore wing white, with
some black marks near base ; about
7 prominent but ill-defined waved
and dentate black lines ; a ring-
spot at end of cell. Hind wing
white, the inner area clothed with
yellow hair ; the veins black ; the
apex slightly sufPused with fuscous ;
cilia of both wings chequered black
and white.

$ with the outer area of hind wing suffused with black.
Eab. N.W. Himalayas; Punjab; Nilgiris ; Ceylon. Ej^ij.
6 44, $ 56 milUm. ^ '

Fig. 246.
Moma chanipa, (J .

Sect. II. Antennae of male minutely fasciculated.
2350. Moma entoxantha, n. sp.

S . Head and thorax fuscous black and whitish ; abdomen orange,
with dark dorsal tufts. Pore wing fuscous brown, irrorated with
white and suffused with olive-gi-een and purple shades; double
ante- and postmedial Hues, the last whitish at costa and inner
margin ; an orbicular black ring-spot and lunulate reniform ;
indistinct irregularly sinuous medial and submarginal lines ; a
whitish patch at outer angle. Hind wing black, the basal and
inner areas orange ; cilia chequered black and white. Underside
of fore \ving black, with the basal area orange ; a short whitish
postmedial band from costa and series of white streaks on the
veins to the patch at outer angle ; hind wing with the basal and
inner areas orange ; the apical and outer areas blue-black, with a

2e 2

436

NOOTTJIUJE.

medial white band from costa to lower angle of cell ; a postmedial
band to vein 2 and some diffused white on outer margin.

Hah. Simla ; Sikhiin (M'oUer). Exp. 42 milhm. Type in coll.
Elwes.

Genus TRISULOIDES.

Trisuloides, Butl A. M. N. II. (5) vii, p. 36 (1881).
Tambaua, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 155 (1882).

Type, T. sericea, Butl.

Mange. Himalayas ; Assam hills ; Sylhet.

Eyes hairy ; palpi reaching vertex of head and clothed with
hair ; thorax hairy ; abdomen with dorsal tufts ; tibia; moderately
hairy. Pore \v4ng with the apex somewhat rounded. Hind wing
with vein 5 from below centre of discocellulars.

Sect. I. (Tainbana). Antennae fasciculated in male.

2351. Trisuloides infausta, Wlk. Cat. ix, p. 2-37 ; 0.8^8. no. 2075.

Dark cupreoas-fuscous, suffused with grey. Vore wing with
indistinct short subbasal and double waved antemedial line, with a
shght dentition below the cell ; the orbicular small and sometimes
whitish ; the reniform indistinct ; an indistinct double waved post-
medial line excurved beyond cell ; an irregular submarginal line ;
a marginal series of black specks. Hind wing pale cupreous, more
or less suiJused with fuscous towards outer margin.

The race from the N.W. Himalayas is much blacker and less
cupreous.

Hab. N.W. Himalayas ; Sikhim ; Sylhet; Shillong. E.ip., 6 4*3,
$ 50 miUim.

2352. Trisuloides variegata, Moore,Lep.Ath.^.l5^; C. c^- -S". no. 2260.

Head, thorax, and abdomen golden-falvous,irrorated %yith brown
and white. Pore wing cupreous-brown, irrorated with white ;
indistinct subbasal and double ante- and postmedial waved lines, the
latter excurved beyond cell ; an indistinct irregular dark sub-
marginal hne, with some white streaks beyond it. Hind wing
golden-fulvous, the outer area suffused with fuscous.

Hah. Sikhim. Eccp. 60 millim.

Sect. II. (Trisuloides). Male with the antennae bipectinated,
the branches short.

2353. Trisuloides sericea, Butl. A. M. N. H. (5) vii, p. 36; C. Sr S.
TrkuSs'catocalina, 3Ioorc, P. Z. S. 1883, p. 17 ; C. Sr 8. no. 1081.
Euscous brown, irrorated and suffused with grey ; t^egula: with
two black bars. Eore wing with antemedial waved black hue,

TEISULOIDES. — TRISULA..

437

a ring-spot in end of cell ; a sinuous medial diffused line ; an in-
distinct waved postmedial and a sinuous submarginal line, the space
between them irrorated with grey scales. Hind wing fuscous, witii

Fig. 247. — Trisuloides sericea, ■ 1-

broad medial yellow band not reaching costa or inner margin ; a
slight marginal grey line and patch at anal angle. Underside of
fore wing with yellow in cell and beyond the medial dark band.
Hab. N.W. Himalayas ; SiMiim ; Shillong. Kv23. 64 miilim.

2354. Trisuloides luteifascia, Swinh. MS.

5 . Blackish red-brown, irrorated with grey ; abdomen fulvous
at sides. Fore wing with indistinct curved postmedial pale line.
Hind wing with broad medial orange band ending near anal angle ;
a marginal series of pale lunules. Underside of fore wing with
the disk orange, except a dark patch at end of cell. Hind wing
with an orange patch near anal angle.

Mab. Khasis. JSxji. 75 miilim. Type in B. M.

2855. Trisuloides cserulea, Butl. III. Met. vii, p. 35, pi. 128, fig. 3.

Differs from sericea in the thorax being more rufous ; the abdo-
men darker. Fore wing with whitish patch on disk extending to
costa and outer angle. Hind wing uniform blue-black ; the cilia
whitish in parts. Underside of fore wing with the yellow post-
medial band extending to outer angle ; hind wing irrorated with
white.

Hab. N.W. Himalayas. Exp. 70 miilim.

Genus TRISTJLA.

Trisula, Moore, Lep. E. I. Co. p. 420 (1858).

Type, T. variegata, Moore.

liange. Throughout India and Ceylon.

Palpi reaching vertex of head, the 2nd joint clothed with long
hair ; antennte fasciculated in male ; metathorax with a slight tuft ;
abdomen with thick woolly hair on dorsum of proximal segments ;

438

NOCTUIDJE.

tibia) hairy and without spines. Pore wing with the costa some-
what arched towards apex.

Sect. I. Palpi with the 3rd joint minute.

2356. Trisula variegata, Moore, Lep. E. I. Co. p. 420, pi. 12 a, fig. 1,
& pi. 22, figs. 1, 1 a, 1 6 (larva) ; C. Sf 8. no. 1331.

Palpi and frons rufous ; vertex of head and collar pale ; thorax
ruFous, the metathoracic tuft black; abdomen pale, with the long
hair on proximal segments rufous. Pore wing pale, variegated
with rufous and fuscous ; indistinct double waved subbasal and
anteraedial hues ; the reuiform indistinct ; a double dentate post-
medial line, highly excurved beyond cell, then incurved below it,
and with some rufous patches beyond it ; an oblique black band
across apical area ; a marginal series of dark specks. Hind wing

Pig. 248. — Trisula variegata, J- \.

yellowish white, with a large blackish spot at end of cell ; a curved
postmedial band with traces of a line inside it towards inner
margin ; the area beyond it more or less suffused with fuscous ;
the cilia rufous.

Larva clothed with rather sparse tufts of long hair. Head
blackish, the frons pale ; thoracic segments pale, the others red-
brown, with numerous blue warts. Food-plant, Ficus reUgiosa.
It forms a cocoon covered with extraneous matter, stones, excre-
ment, etc. ^

Rah. Throughout India and Ceylon. Ex2J., cJ /8, ? 80-104

millim.

Sect. II. Palpi slender, with the 3rd joint longer.

2357. Trisula ? boarmoides, Wlk. Cat. xxxiii, p. 923 ; C. ^- 5.

no. 2360.

2 . Grey-brown, Pore wing with double antemedial and post-
medial sinuous black lines, the latter joined by an oblique streak
from the apex; traces of waved subbasal, medial, and submarginal

CATOCAtA.

439

lines ; a marginal series of dark stria?. Hind wing with the hasal
half pale, the outer fuscous brown, with marginal series of dark
strife.

Type in bad condition.

liah. " N. India." Exp. 30 millim.

Genus CATOCALA.
Catocala, Schrank, Fauna Boica, ii, 2, p. 158 (1802).
Type, C.fraxini, Linn., from Europe.

Ratuje. ]S"earctic and Palaearctic regions ; Himalayas ; Nilgiris ;
Cevlon.

Palpi reaching just above vertex of head, the 2nd joint thickly
scaled ; antenu£B of male fasciculated ; thorax smoothly scaled ;
abdomen with dorsal ridges of coarse hair on proximal segments,
which are sometimes developed into tufts ; fore tibiae more or less
hairy; hind tibiae spined. Pore wing with the apex nearly
rectangular; the cilia crenulate. Hind wing with the ciUa
crenulate ; vein 5 from below centre of discocelMars.

Larvce with four pairs of abdominal prolegs.

Sect. I. Hind wing yellow.
A. Mid tibice of male with a tuft of long hair from the base,

2358. Catocala rama, Moore, Lep. Ceyl. iii, p. 128, pi. 160, %. 6j

C. ^ 8. no. 2282.
Audea macula, Rmpsn. III. Set. viii, p. 84, pi. 146, fig. 21.

Head and collar reddish ; thorax and abdomen grey. Fore
wing grey, irrorated with black ; a short subbasal line ; an oblique
antemedial waved black line; the reniform spot indistinct and
pale, with a fuscous patch on the costa above it ; the postmedial
line extremely irregularly dentate and highly angled beyond the
cell. Hind wing yellow, with a curved medial black band not
reaching costa or inner margin ; the outer area black, with
irregidar inner edge, and pale patches at apex and anal angle.
Underside with a medial dark band, and the outer area of both
wings dark.

In the form macula, from the Nilgiris, the abdomen is yellow,
and the black medial band of hind wing is reduced to a spot.
Hah. Nilgiris ; Ceylon. Exp. 72 miUim.

B. Tibia of male without tufts.

2359. Catocala patala, Feld. Reis. Nov. pi. 112, fig. 23; C. ^ S.

no. 2279.

Catocala inconetans, Butl. III. Het. vii, p. 76, pi. 132, figs. 2, 3.

440

NOCTUIDiE.

Differs from rama in the head, thorax, and fore wing being
darker grey, more variegated with fuscous and brown, i'ore
wing with the antemedial line angled inwards at vein 1 ; a large
black-edged spot below the reniform ; the postmedial line deep
black, with two prominent dentitions beyond the cell and one
directed inwards above inner margin ; a marginal series of black
and pale specks. Hind wing orange-yellow, with the inner area

Fig. 249. — Catocala patala, <S ■ \.

brown ; the medial black band expanding at costa and on disk ;
the outer band with sinuous inner edge. Underside of fore wing
with white beyond the medial band ; hind wing with small spot
at end of cell.

Pelder's figure makes the inner margin of the hind wing
yellow.

Hab. N.W. Himalayas. Bay. 70-80 milhm.

2360. Catocala flavescens, n. sp.

Differs from rama in being yellower grey. Tore wing with
the postmedial line not so highly angled beyond the cell ; a crenu-
late marginal line and series of ochreous spots. Huidwmg deeper
yellow, with the medial band broader on disk ; the patches on
marginal band at apex and towards anal angle yellow and large.

Mab. Simla (Harford). Exp. 62 millim. Type in B. M.

2361. Catocala nymphaea, Ei^p. Schmett. Eur. pi. 105, fig. 4.
Catocala vestalis, Boisd. Ind. Meth. p. 168. . c o
Cr.tocala coniux, Freyer, Beitr. Schmett. vi, p. 137, pi. obJ, bg- -
Catocala dotata; Wlk. Cat. xiii, p. 1212 ; CJ- S. no. 22.7
Catocala persimilis. Warren, P. Z. S. 1888, p. 314; C. A.

no. 2279 a. „ iq r-B.*

Catocala tapestrina, Moore, Lep. Atk.i^. 166, pi. \,hg. 16; C.^.s.

no. 2284.

Head, thorax, and abdomen dark red-brown. Fore wing dark
red-brown, variegated with brown, grey, fuscous, and ochreous ; a

CATOCALA.

441

pale patch in cell beyond the reniform, which has a black outline
and a black-edgad pale patch below it ; the postmedial line highly-
angled and dentate, with a deep narrow sinus above inner margin ;
a marginal series of black an:l ochreous specks ; an indistinct
dentate submarginal line. Hind wing with the bands as in
flavescens, but blacker. Underside with the medial and outer
bands black.

The form tapestrina, from Simla and Sikhim, is larger and more
richly coloured. Fore wing with some greenish grey round the
reniform, and the spot below it small. Hind wing deeper orange
and black.

Hah. IN". America ; Europe ; N.W. Himalayas ; Sikhim. Exp.
54-70 millim.

2362. Catocala distorta, Bull. III. Het. vii, p. 77, pi. 132, fig. 4.

Differs from nympTima in the thorax and fore wing being duller
and more uniform fuscous brown; the latter not variegated and
"without the patches in and below cell ; the postmedial line not
dentate, but with a deep sinus from it to below end of cell and
slight angle above inner margin. Hind wing with the medial
band narrower on disk.

Hah. Kulu. Exp. 52 millim.

Sect. II. Hind wing crimson.

2363. Catocala prolifica, Wlk. Cat. xiii, p. 1211 ; Butl. Ml. Het. vi,

pi 110, tig. 9; C. i^&no.2280.
Catocala afghana, Sioinh. Trans. Ent. Soc. 1885, p. 352, pi. 9.
fig. 8; C. <^ & no. 2274.

Head and thorax brownish black, irrorated with grey ; abdomen
fuscous. Fore wing brownish black, irrorated with grey, and
suffused with black on basal, costal, and medial areas ; indistinct
double ante- and postmedial waved lines, the latter excurved beyond
cell ; traces of a submarginal line and marginal series of spots.
Hind wing crimson, with obliquely curved medial black band,
expanding into patches in parts ; a marginal black band with
sinuous inner edge, and widest at apical area ; a white patch at
apex, the cilia whitish. Underside of fore wing white, with ante-
medial and medial black bands conjoined at inner margin ; the
outer area black, widest at apex ; hind wing crimson, the costal
area white ; the black bands as on upperside.

The form afghana has the head, thorax, and fore wing paler and
suffused with olive-brown instead of black.

Hah. Afghanistan ; Biluchistan ; N.W. Himalayas ; Sikhim.
Exp. 92 millim.

2364. Catocala nupta, Linn. Syst. Nat. xii, p. 841.
Catocala pacta, Hiifn. Beii. Ma;/, iii, p. 210.
Noctua concubiua, Borkh. Schm'ett. Eur. iv, p. 21.

442

UOOTTJID^S!.

Catocala uniciiba, Wlk. Cat. xiii, p. 1210 ; Btdl. III. Het. vi,
pi. 110, fig. 11 ; C. (§- 8. no. 2286.

Differs from prolifica in the thorax and fore wing being
browner, slightly suffused with black and with no olive tinge.
Fore wing wth the hues more prominent ; the postmedial hne
more irregularly dentate and with a sinus above inner margin.
Hind wing purer crimson.

Hah. Europe ; Punjab. Exp. 80 millim.

2365. Catocala sponsalis, Wlk. Cat. xiii, p. 1213 ; Butl. III. Het. vi,

pi. Ill, fig. 1 ; C.^ S. no. 2283.

Differs from nu-pta in the collar being black-edged ; the fore
wing browner ; the lines black and prominent ; the antemedial
line more irregular, outwardly oblique to below the cell, and highly
angled at vein 1 ; the postmedial line very highly angled beyond
the cell, then highly dentate to inner margin. Hind wing rose-
coloured, with the medial and marginal bands much reduced.
Underside with the black markings reduced.

Hah. Nepal. Exp. 84 millim.

2366. Catocala concuMa, Wlh. Cat. xiii, p. 1210 ; Butl. III. Het. vi,

pi. 110, fig. 10 ; C.^ 8. no. 2276.

Differs from prolijtca in the head, thorax, and fore wing being
greyer ; the last with the postmedial line more irregularly dentate
and sending a deep sinus inwards to below the reniform. Hind
wing purer crimson, without any orange tinge. Underside of
fore wing with the white areas broader; hind wing with the
white running down to vein 3 between the medial and marginal
bands.

Hah. N.W. Himalayas. Exp. 96 millim.

Sect. III. Hind wing yellowish white.

2367. Catocala nivea, Butl. Cist. Ent. ii, p. 241, & III. Het. ii, pi. 33,

tig. 4; CiS-zS. no. 2278 a.

Head and thorax grey, slightly irrorated with black ; the palpi
and collar brown; abdomen grey. Tore wing brownish grey,
irrorated with black, with a yellowish-white fascia below base of
costa, and patches of the same colour on the reniform and post-
medial hne; subbasal and antemedial waved lines, the latter
excurved ; a fuscous spot on costa above reniform ; the postmedial
line excurved and highly dentate, with a black streak from it to
outer margin above vein 5 ; a marginal series of black and white
specks. Hind wing yellowish white, with irregular black medial
band not reaching costa or inner margin ; a broad black submar-
ginal band, widest at costa.

Hah. Japan; Thandidui, Punjab. Exp. 100-116 milhm.

PHOniCA. — BATEACHAKTA.

443

Genus PHORICA,

Phorica, Wlk. Cat. xt, p. 1732 (1868).

Type, P. phnsipennis, Wlk.
Bange. " Hindostan."

Differs from Batracharta in the palpi being ratlier shorter and
more slender, the 3rd joint not enlarged at extremity. Fore wing
with the outer margin not so oblique and not hooked at outer
angle.

2368. Phorica phasipennis, WlJc. Cat. xv, p. 1732 ; C. 8r S. no.
2329.

. Head dark red-brown ; thorax clothed with grey and red-
brown scales ; abdomen fuscous black. Eore wing vinous grey-
brown ; an obscure oblique line from costa before apex to base
of inner margin, the area inside it with grey and brown streaks ;
a greenish yellow patch beyond it below cell ; a white spot at

Pig. 250. — Fhorica phasipennis, cj. }.

lower angle of cell ; a large brown patch beyond cell ; an indistinct
dentate submarginal line ; some brown streaks on marginal area ;
some white specks on costa towards apex. Hind wing dark
brown ; underside paler, with indistinct cell-spot.
Hab. " Hindostan." jE'ay. 46 millim.

Genus BATRACHAETA.

Eatracharta, Wlk. Jovrn. Linn. Soc. \i, p. 196 (1862).
Pilosocrures, Hmpsn. III. Met. viii, p. 85 (1891).

Type, P. ohliqua, Wlk.

lianf/e. Mauipur ; Nilgiris ; Borneo.

Palpi upturned, the 2nd joint reaching vertex of head, the 3rd
long, naked, and blunt at extremity ; antennae with fasciculated
cilia in male ; abdomen long, and extending far beyond the hind
wing, with a dorsal tuft on first two segment? and slightly humped
towards extremity ; mid and hind tibiae fringed with long hair on
the upperside. Pore wing with the costa arched towards apex ;
the outer margin very obliquely rounded ; the outer angle hooked.
Hind wing with the apex much rounded.

444

NOCTUIDiE.

2369. Batracharta oWiqua, Wlk. Joum. Linn. Soc vi, p. 106.
Pilosocrures variegata, Hmpsn. III. Hot. viii, j). 85, pi. 146, tig. 20.

Head ochreous ; 2nd joint of palpi black. Thorax blue-black,
with rufous scales on the collar and metathorax and ohve scales
on patagia ; abdomen smoky black, with the dorsal tufts rufous.
!Pore wing with an obHque sinuous line from costa beyond middle
to inner margin near base ; the area inside it blue-black, varie-
gated by black strigse and rufous, brown, and ochreous streaks ; in-
distinct brown orbicular and reniform spots ; the area beyond the
line pale reddish, variegated by vinous, purplish brown, and black
suffusion ; the outer margin narrowly dark, sending a tooth
inwards between veins 4 and 5, and with fine ochreous marginal
lines. Hind wing fuscous brown ; underside with basal area pale ;
each wing with a large black cell-spot.

Mab. iSikhim ; Nilgiris ; Borneo. Kvp. 48 millim.

2370. Batracharta irrorata, n. sp.

S . Differs from obliqua in the head and thorax being brown
and black. Fore wing with the oblique line highly excurved round
end of cell, the area inside it more uniform blue-black, with a

Fig. 251. — Batracharta Prorata, cJ . {.

few ochreous specks and the indistinct orbicular and reniform
spots brown; the area beyond the line red -brown, evenly irrorated
with dark specks ; the markings on outer margin slight. Hind
wing and underside paler.

Mab. Manipur, 7000 feet (Dohertij). Exp. 48 millim. Type m

coll. Blwes.

Genus ERYGIA.

Erygia, Gum. Noct. iii, p. 49 (1852).
Ansa, Wlk. Cat. xv, p. 1731 (1858).
CaUcula, Wlk. Cat. xv, p. 1807.

Type, E. apicalis, Guen.

Range. Throughout India, Ceylon, and Burma ; Java ; Australia
Palpi upturned and very slender, almost naked, the 2nd pint

reaching vertex of head, the 3rd ratlier variable m length ;

antennas minutely ciUated in male; metathorax with a large

I

EBTGIA. 445

spreading tuft ; abdomen with dorsal tufts on tlie proximal seg-
ments ; male with a large anal tuft ; tibiae without spines ; the
femora fringed with long hair, as also the fore tibias ; the mid
tibife with shorter hair ; the hind tibiaj and tarsi with long hair.
Fore wing with the apex quadrate ; a tooth of scales at outer angle ;
the ciha crenulate.

2371. Erygia apicalis, Guen. Nod. iii, p. 50 ; C. ^ S. no. 2368.

Erygia usta, Wlk. Cat. xxxiii, p. 918.

Caiicula exempta, Wlk. Cat. xv, p. 1808.

Calicula squaraiplena, iVlk. Cat. xv, p. 1808.

Ansa filipalpis, Ti^k. Cat. xv, p. 1731 ; Hnipsn. III. Het. ix,

pi. 165, fig. 14; C.Sf S. no. 2599.
Dianthoecia geometroides, Wlk. Cat. xxxiii, p. 722.

Head and thorax clothed with dark and red-brown scales ;
abdomen with the dorsal tufts red-brown ; male with the anal
tufts black. Fore wing dark and red-brown, with numerous

Pig. 252. — Erygia apicalis, ^ . \.

indistinct waved lines, the subbasal, irregular antemedial, and
postmedial line excurved beyond the cell being the most conspicu-
ous ; a red-brown band inside the antemedial line from cell to
inner margin ; some red-brown marks near apex and outer angle ;
a crenulate marginal line. Hind wing fuscous, with a reddish patch
near centre of outer margin.

Hah. Throughout India, Ceylon, and Burma; Java; Australia.
Exp. 42-46 millim.

2372. Erygia reflectifascia, Hmpsn. III. Het. viii, p. 85, pi. 146,
fig. 18.

Differs from apicalis in being pale grey-brown. Fore wing with
the irregular antemedial line more erect ; the postmedial line
recurved to lower angle of cell ; some subapical dark streaks ; no
rufous band on antemedial line or marks near apex and outer
angle. Hind wing whitish ; the outer area suffused with fuscous ;
a crenulate marginal line.

Another specimen has the fore wing very pale, the inner area
with patches of fuscous suffusion.

Hub. Sind ; Nilgiris. Exp. 40 millim.

446

NOCTUID^.

Genus SYPNA.
Sypna, Guen. Noct. iii, p, 144 (1852).
Type, S. omicronigera. Guen.

Bange. Japan; Himalayas; Assam; Nilgiris ; Burma; Java.

Palpi with the 2ud joint thickened and reaching vertex of head,the
3rd long ; antennae of male usually fasciculated ; thorax quadrately
scaled; the metathorax slightly tufted; abdomen with dorsal
ridges and tufts of hair on proximal segments ; tibia? slightly hairy
and usually without spines. Fore wing with the apex rounded ;
the cilia crenulate. Hind wing wdth the cilia crenulate ; vein 5
from lower angle of cell.

Sect. I. Mid tibiae without spines.

A. Antennm of male fasciculated.

2373. Sypna omicronigera, Guen. Noct. in, p. 145 ; C. 4- S. no. 2517.
Sypna mormoides, Butl. Trans. Ent. Soc. 1881, p. 202, & III. Het.

vi pi 111, fig- 2 ; C.^ S. no. 2615.
Sypua albovittata, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 168, pi. 5, fig. 25 ; C. <§■ S.

Tavia dubitaria, Wlk. Cat. xxxiii, p. 939 ; C. ^ S.no. 2509.
Pore wing brown, more or less suffused with piirple and
irrorated with black ; patagia with pale and dark bands. Fore
wing with subbasal and medial black-brown bands, with waved
edc^es and lines outlining them; the reniform large and very
indistinct ; a postmedial black-brown luuulate band with a lunulate
black line beyond it; a submarginal series of small luuules, usually
with white specks beyond them. Hind wing dark brown; the
area at anal angle purplish, with some waved black lines crossmg
it • a submarginal series of dark specks with white specks beyond
them near anal angle. Underside with medial fuscous band on
fore wing placed on a pale patch ; hind wmg with a dark-edged

^""omSSgt'a is a small form from Sikhim and the Khdsis, wdth
the markings of fore wing not well-defined; dithUarm, ivom the
N W Himalayas, is larger, with the bauds more prominent and
sometimes with w^hite suffusion before and beyond the subbasal
and beyond the medial band ; mormoidcs, from Sikhim, is the
lar-est form, with the markings most prominent; the reuitorm
may be ochreous, with some white specks round it; albointtata has
some white suffusion on fore wing inside the antemedial line and

""V^t Kt^? ffiiSyas ; Sikhim ; Assam. E.,. 55-86 millim.

2374. S^cc^ispa.^,^^^C..^xiv, p. 1262; III. Het. vi.

Differs from typical omicronic/era in the medial band of under-

STPNA.

447

side being black and on hind wing more curved, situated on
a prominent white band inwardly defined by fuscous ; the outer
area fuscous black, with white patches at outer angle of fore wing
and towards apex and anal angle of hind wing.

Some specimens have the cilia at apex of hind wing ochreous.

Hah. Assam ; Java. Exp. 58 millim.

2375. Sypna constellata, Moore, P. Z. S. 1883, p. 24; Waterh. Aid,

ii, pi. 159, fig. 2 ; C.^S. no. 2506.

Differs from omicronigera in being yellow-brown without the
purplish tinge ; the base of antennsa white ; thorax with white
specks. Fore wings uniform brown, slightly speckled with white,
and with series of prominent white spots on the subbasal, ante-
medial, and postmedial lines, the costa and outer margin ; a white
spot in cell ; the reniforra white, with white spots round it ; a
sinuous submarginal dark line. Hind wing with white spots on
inner and outer margin near anal angle ; the cilia ochreous near
apex. Underside ochi-eous, irrorated with black ; the medial
band more prominent and irregular ; the postmedial area black,
the outer ochreous except at centre of fore wing.

Hah. N.W. Himalayas. Exp. 72 miUim.

2376. Sypna tenebrosa, Butl. Trans. Ent. Soc. 1881, p. 203, & III.

Het. vi, pi. Ill, fig. 7 ; C.Sf 8. no. 2528.

Differs from the form duhitaria in being paler brown without
the purplish tinge ; the underside as in coslisjmrsa, but without the
purplish tinge on the black areas ; cilia at apex of hind wing some-
times ochreous.

Hah. Sikhim. Exp. 60 millim.

2377. Sypna piinctosa, Wlk. Cat. xxslii, p. 939 ; C. ^ S. no. 2522.
Tavia submarginata, Wlk. Cat. xxxiii, p. 941; C. Sr S. no.

2527.

Tavia biocularis, Moore, P. Z. S. 1867, p. 71; C. ^ S. no.
2501.

Sypna umbrosa, £utl. Trans. Ent. Soc. 1881, p. 204 ; III. Ilet.

vi, pi. Ill, fig. 3; C. ^ S. no. 2-529.
Sypna ochreicilia, Hmpsn. III. Het. viii, p. 89, pi. 147, fig. 1.

Euscous brown, with a purplish tinge. Tore wing with waved
black subbasal, ante-, and postmedial lines, the last excurved
round cell ; a pale or dark speck in cell; the reniform dark and
indistinct, or whitish in typical punctosa ; a sinuous submarginal
waved line ; some pale specks on costa towards apex and a
marginal series. Hind wing with indistinct sinuous medial and
straight submarginal lines. Punctosa, from the N.W. Himalayas,
is a greyish form, the cilia ochreous at apex of hind wing,
underside with the medial line on a pale band. Ochreicilia, from ihe
Nilgiris, is similar, but fuscous brown ; biocularis, from Sikhim,

448

and a Trayancore form are more suffused with purple ; in the
former the reniform is pure white, with white specks above and

Fig. 253. — Sypna punctosa cJ .

below it : suhmargmata=umhrosa is a fuscous-brown form, with
no pale baud on underside. .

Hah. N.W. Himalayas; Sikhim ; Shillong; JSilgiris; Pirmad,
Travancore. -Eay. 54 millim.

2378. Sypna marginalis, n. sp.

2 . Differs from the form suhmarginata of punctosa in the fore
wing' having a white spot on the ant'emedial line at inner margin ;
the reniform whitish ; the submarginal sinuous line ochreous aud
not waved; hind wing with an evenly curved ochreous submarginal
line ; the marginal specks on both wings white. Underside with
a marginal ochreous band, irrorated with fuscous, on both wings.

Hub. Sikhim {Knyvett). Exp. 46 millhn. Type in coll,
Knyvett.

2379. Sypna caliginosa, Wlk. Cat. xxxiii, p. 940 ; C.Sf S. no. 2503.

' Differs from the form suhmarginata of punctosa in being of a
chestnut-red tinge ; the sinuous submarginal line not waved;
the series of specks white and just before the margin.
Hah. Sikhim. Exp. 50 millim.

2380 Sypna cyanivitta, Moore, P. Z. S. 1867, p. 70; Water?,. Aid,
\\ nl 159, fiff. 4 ; C. &■ S. no. 2508.
Syp Arunnea! Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 167 ; C. 8, S. no. 2502.

Ochreous brown, irrorated with fuscous. Fore wing with short
straight subbasalpale and dark hue; the antemediallme bent inwards
at costa ; the postmedial hne irregularly excurved i-ound cell; the
reniform narrow aud elongate, sometimes with bluish edges ; a
very irregularly sinuous aud dentate indistinct submarginal black
line ; an indistinct series of dark specks ]ust before the margin.
Hind wing with traces of medial and submarginal sinuous hne^
and series of dark specks before the margin Underside of both
lings with indistinct cell-spot and medial hue; a series of dark
specks before the margin. _

Hah. N.W. Himalayas ; Sikhim. E.rp. o6 railhm.

SrPNA.

449

2381. Sypna curvilinea, Moore, P. Z. S. 1867, p. 69, pi. 6, fi^. 4 :

a ^- S. no. 2507.

Sypna moorei, Butl. Tram. Ent. Soc. 1881, p. 209, and III. Het. vi,

pi. 112, fig. 2; C. 4- no. 2514.
Sypna I'raterna, 3Ioore, P. Z. S. 1883, p. 25; C. Sf S. no. 2511.
Sypna rubrifascia, Moore, P. Z. S. 1883, p. 24 ; C. ^ S. no. 2526.

Differs from cyanivilta in being dark red-brown. Pore wing
with the subbasal line white ; the ante- and postmedial lines double,
slightly waved, and white, the former curved, the latter forming a
straight hue with the white-edged reniform, the excurved portion
beyond the cell being almost obsolete ; a white speck in cell ; some
white scales on the marginal specks. Underside as in omicronigera.

Typical curvilinea has the area between the ante- and post-
medial lines of fore wing suffused with bluish white, except the
costal portion and a patch on inner margin beyond the antemedial
line ; in rubrifasna the apical area of fore wing, the area beyond the
postmedial line, and usually the line itself are suffused with bright
rafous ;. in a Dalhousie specimen the ante- and postmedial hues
are not waved.

Hab. N.W. Himalayas; Sikhim; Assam; Shillong; Karen
Hills. Kvj}. 62 millim.

2382. Sypna albilinea, TFlk. Cat. xiv, p. 1261 ; £utl. III. Set. vi,

pl. 112, fig. 1 ; C.^- S. no. 2498. '

Differs from typical curvilinea in the speck in the cell of fore
wing being black ; a black patch on the submarginal line at apex.
Underside as in ccelisparsa.

Hah. Sylhet. Exp. 60 millim.

2383. Sypna rectilinea, Moore, P. Z. S. 1867, p. 70 ; C.^S no 2523
Sypna kirbyi, 5««. Trans. Ent. Soc. 1881, p. 209; Waterh. Aid,

n, pl. 159, fig. 5 ; C. ^ S. no. 2512.
Sypna prunosa, Moore, P. Z. S. 1883, p. 25 ; C. ^ S. no. 2520.

Differs from cyanivitta in the ante- and postmedial lines of fore
wing being double, the former straight and almost medial the
latter slightly excurved round cell. Hind wing with an ill-defined
fuscous submarginal band with some ochreous scales on it. Under-
side as in omicronigera.

In rectilinea the ante- and postmedial double lines are white
the latter forming a straight line with the white edges of the reni-
form ; in hirhyi these lines are olive-grey, witli olive-grey suffusion
between them. A Naga specimen is very dark.

Hab. N.W. Himalayas ; Sikhim ; Nagas. Krp. 48-56 milhm.

2384. Sypna pulchra, Butl. Trans. Ent. Soc. 1881 p 208 aurJ 111

Het. vi, pl. Ill, fig. 5- C.^S. no. 2521. ' ^' ' ^

d . Head and thorax rufous and fuscous ; abdomen fuscous
Fore wing black, with a purplish tinge ; waved subbasal, ante-
medial, postmedial, and submarginal lines, the ante- and' post-
medial lines on ill-deliued reddish ochreous bands ; a bluish-white

VOL. II. O Q

450

NOOTUIDjE.

speck in cell ; the reniForm bluish white, wth some specks round
it ; ill-defined reddish ochreous patches on apical part of outer
margin and near outer angle ; a marginal series of black and white
specks. Hind wing with pale outer edge to the medial line ; some
pale suffusion at apex, and a streak towards anal angle. Under-
side as in teneh-osa.

Hah. Sikhim. Exp. 50 millim.

2385. Sypna catocaloides, Moore, P. Z. S. 1867, p. 71, pi. 7, fig. 3 ;
C. S,- 8. no. 2604.

(S . Bed-brown suffused with fuscous. Eore wing with very-
indistinct pale waved subbasal, ante-, and postmedial lines, the
latter excurved round cell ; some green suffusion between the sub-
basal and antemedial lines on inner area, and beyond the post-
medial line ; a greenish spot in cell and band on discocellulars ;
the reniform greenish ; a sinuous submarginal line, with greenish
streaks on apical area from it to the almost marginal series of
greenish specks. Hind wing black, with broad fulvous postmedial
band ; the apical part of outer area fulvous ; the area towards anal
angle streaked with rufous. Underside orange : fore wing \vith
medial and postmedial oblique black bands not reaching costa or
inner margin ; a curved submarginal diffused band : hind wing
with black streak in cell, spot at end of it and band from lower
angle to inner margin ; a curved medial band and diffused sub-
marginal band ; both wings with almost marginal series of black
specks.

Hab. Sikhim. Kvp. 78 millim.

B. Antennce of male hipectinated iviih short stiffs branches,

2386. Sjrpna replicata, Feld. Reis. Nov. pi. 117, fig. 25; C. ^ S.
DO. 2525.

Sypna apicaHs, Bufl Trans. Ent. Soc. 1881, p. 206, and III. Set. vi,

pi. ll],fia-. 6; C. .S. no. 2600.
Sypna lucilla, Btttl. Trans. Ent. Soc. 1881, p. 206, and III. Set. vi,

pi. Ill, fig. 8; <7. ^ -S. no. 2613.
Sypna plana, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 167, pi. 5, fig. 24; C. IS,- S.

no. 2519.

Sypna obscurata, Butl. Trans. Ent. Soc. 1881, p. 207, and III.

Het. vi, pi. Ill, fig. 9 ; C. ^ S. no. 2516.
Sypna floccosa, Moore, Lejp. Atk. p. 167, pi. 5, fig. 23 ; C. 4" S.

no. 2510.

Sypna renisigna, Moore, P. Z. 8. 1883, p. 25 ; Waterh. Aid, v.,
pi. 160, fig. 4 ; C. 4- S. no. 2524.

Dark red-brown, suffused with fuscous. Fore wing with ante-
medial black band with waved edges; indistinct sinuous medial,
postmedial, and submarginal lines ; the area between the medial
and postmedial lines suffused with yellowish-white in luciUa, with
grey or pale rufous in obscurata, with a similarly coloured patch
beyond the line below costa. Hind wing with indistinct medial
line on pale band in lucilla ; both wings with marginal senes of

SYPNA. — BKOHBIA.

451

black luaulea. Underside ochroous, irrorated with black. Tore
wing with oblique medial and postmedial black bands not reaching
costa or inner margin ; a diffused submarginal band : hind wing
with medial line bent inwards towards costa; crenulate postmedial
line and diffused submai'ginal band.

In replicata=apiat,lis= plana the apex of hind wing is ocbreous ;
Jloceosa has white suffusion on postmedial area of fore wing;
renisigna some white spots round the reniform stigma.

Hah. Dharmsala ; Sikhim ; Shillong ; Tavoy. Exp. 50-58
millim.

Sect. II. Mid tibiae spined.

2387. Sypna pannosa, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 168, pi. 5, fig. 12 ; C. ^ S.

no. 2518.

Head red-brown ; thorax greyish black ; abdomen red-brown,
with the dorsal tufts and extremity black. Fore wing red-brown
suffused with grey, and irrorated with rufous ; a basal black patch
crossed by the subbasal rufous line ; indistinct antemedial, medial,
and postmedial rufous waved lines, the latter excurved beyond
cell ; a large black patch at apex and larger patch with slight
white marks on it at outer angle. Hind wing fuscous-brown ;
a large black patch with shght white marks on it at anal angle ;
some diffused black on submarginal area ; a marginal series of
black specks. Underside with two straight medial black bands on
fore wing and two crenulate hues on hind wing.

Ilab. N.W. Himalayas ; Khasis. E.vp. 64 millim.

Genus ERCHEIA.
Ercheia, Wlk. Cat. xiii, p. 1107 (1857),
Type, E. cyllaria, Cram.

Range. Ethiopian, Oriental, and Australasian regions.

Palpi upturned, the 2nd joint reaching vertex of head, the 3rd
long in both sexes ; antennae minutely ciliated in male ; thorax
and abdomen smoothly scaled ; mid and hind tibise spined, forp
tibiae of male clothed with rather long hair. Pore wing with the
apex somewhat rounded, the cilia of both wings crenulate.

2388. Ercheia cyllaria. Cram. Pap. Rxot. iii, pi. 251, C, D ; C. & S.

no. 2583.

Acheea cyllota, Guen. Noct. iii, p. 248 ; C. ^ S. no. 2584.
Ercheia diversipemiis, Wlk, Cat. xiii, p. 1108: C. & S. no
2585.

Achsea signivitta, Wlk. Cat. xiv, p. 1398.
Achaea polychroma, Wlk. Cat. xiv, p. 1400.
Achcea I'usifera, Wlk. Cat. xiv, p. 1398 ; C. ^ S. no. 2586.
Mehpotis ambidens, Feld. lleis. Nov. pi. 116, fig. 9.
Ercheia tenebrosa, Moore, P. Z. S. 1867, p. 66; C. & 8 no
2589.

Ercheia pannoaa; Moore, P. Z. S. 1883, p. 24 ; C. S( 8. no. 2587.

2g2

452

NOCTUID^.

Ercheia uniformis, Moore, P. Z. S. 1883, p. 24 ; C. <§• S. no. 2590.
Ercheia zygia, Sivinh. P. Z. S. 1885, p. 465 ; C. ^ S. no. 2592.
Ercheia zuia, Swinh. P. Z. S. 1885, p. 465 ; C. ^ S. no. 2501.
Melipotis costipennosa, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 166, pi. 5, fig. 8 ;

Gc^-f no._2582.
Melipotis strigipennis, Moore, Lej}. Atk. p. 165 ; C. ^- S. no.

2588.

Head, thorax, and fore wing pale reddish brown ; tlie collar and
patagia often streaked with black. Fore wing with indistinct,
waved, antemedial line ; a postmedial line very much excurved
beyond the cell ; a waved submarginal line ; the orbicular repre-
sented by a speck ; the reniform indistinct, with dark outline.
Abdomen and hind wing fuscous black ; the latter with three medial
white spots, which may be disconnected, and the costal spot ob-
solescent or conjoined into a band ; a spot near centre of outer
margin ; the ciha white at apex and outer angle. Underside
ochreous white, irrorated with black ; fore wing with oblique cre-
nulate postmedial line and broad submarginal diffused band ; hind
wing similar, but with a lunule at end of cell and the line more
irregular.

The form cyllaria has the fore wing sufFused with fuscous and
streaked with black ; the spots of hind wing disconnected ; cyUota
has dark basal and apical costal patches ; polyclirorna has the lines
double and two ring-marks below end of cell ; fusifera has a pale
baud along inner and outer margin, the remainder of the wing deep

rig. 254. — Ercheia cyllaria, S • i-

fuscous ; diversipennis has the medial band to hind wing with a
dark inner edge, and usually the basal area paler, the fore wing
marked like cyllaria, but paler ; pamiosa is pale olive with the basal
and apical patches ; zygia has the pale band along inner and outer
margins, but ill-defined. .

Hah. Throughout India, Ceylon, and Burma ; Borneo. Exp. 50-
60 miUim.

Genus HYPOCALA.
Hypocala, Guen. Noct. iii, p. 73 (1852).
Type, Jy. dcfioraia, Fabr.

liange. Throughout the tropical and subtropical zones.

Palpi porrect, triangularly scaled, and rostriform ; antennae

HTPOOALA.

453

ciliated in male ; thorax and abdomen smoothly scaled ; tibias but
slightly hairy, and without spines. Fore wing with the costa slightly
arched towards apex, which is rectangular. Larva with four pairs
of abdominal prolegs.

2389. Hypocala subsatura, Guen, Noct. iii, p. 75; C. Sf S. no.
2292.

Hypocala aspersa, Bull. P. Z. S. 1883, p. 164; C. Sf S. no.
2287.

Hypocala subsatura, var. limbata, Butl. HI. Set. vii, p. 76, pi. 131,
fig. 13.

Head and thorax dark violaceous grey ; abdomen orange, with
broad black bands above. Fore wing dark violaceous grey ; a dark
spot at base ; an antemedial waved line, angled below median
nervure ; a black speck in cell ; reniform a large dark lunule ; the

postmedial line sinuous, highly ex-
ciu-ved beyond the cell, then bent
inwards to below reniform ; a sub-
marginal rich brown double line filled
in with whitish, ai'ising from the
outer margin below apex and angled
outwards to the margin at vein 3.
Hind wing orange, the costal area
Fig. 255. black-brown, conjoined to a large

Hypocala subsatura, J. V- spot in end of cell; a broad fascia

from base below cell ; the outer area
black-brown, angled inwards at vein 2, and with a submarginal
orange spot at centre and a smaU marginal spot near anal angle ;
the cUia orange. Underside orange ; the costal and apical areas of
fore wing and costa of hind wing ochreous and brown speckled ;
disk of fore wing black, with a large yeUow spot ; hind wing with
large cell-spot ; the outer area marked as above.

In the typical form the markings of the fore wing are indistinct ;
in aspersa the gi'ound-colour is much more variegated, the mark-
ings prominent ; in limbata the fore wing is dark chocolate with a
broad pale inner band speckled with brown, and angled upwards to
lower end of ceU ; a triangular grey patch on costa before apex.
Hab. N.W. and E. Himalayas ; Sylhet. E.vp. 34-50 millim.

2390. Hypocala deflorata, Fabr. Ent. Syst. iii, p. 472 -,0.8^8. no. 2288.
Hyhlsea rostrata, Fabr. Syst. Ent. iii, 2, p. 127 ; C. S( S. uo. 2291.
Hypocala plumicornis, Guen. Noct. iii, p. 75.
Hypocala angulipalpis, Guen. Noct. iii, p. 77 ; C. Sf 8. no. 2286.
Hypocala efflorescens, Guen. Noct. iii, p. 77 ; C. 8f S. no. 2289.

Differs from subsatura in the head, thorax, and fore wing being
paler. Hind wing with the orange area larger ; the marginal
black area reduced and the two orange spots conjoined. Under-
side with the black on fore wing reduced to two bars, and that on
hind wing also much reduced.

The form plmiicornis corresponds to aspersa, and rostrata to
limbata.

454

NOOTUIDjE.

Hah. E. and S. Africa ; N.W. Himalayas ; Canara ; NLIgiris.
Exp. 30-42 millira,

2391. Hypocala moorei, Butl. A. M. N. H. (6) x, 1892, p. 21.
Hypocala efBorescens, Moore, Lep. Ceyl. ill, pi. 160, figs. 5, 5 a

{necOuen.).

Differs from deflorata in the inner edge of the marginal band of
hind wing being even ; the orange spot absent ; the small marginal
spot elongate.

Hob. W. Africa; N.W. Himalayas; Sikhim; Canara; Ceylon.
Exp. 44-56 millim.

2392. Hypocala violacea, Butl. Trans. Ent. Sac. 1879, p. 6.
Hypocala clarissima, Butl. A. M. N. H. (6) x, 1892, p. 21.

Diffei's from suhsatiira in the head, thorax, and fore wing being
uniform red-brown, irrorated with dark specks. Underside with
the black markings on fore wing reduced to two bars, and those
on hind wing to a small cell-spot and bar towards anal angle.

In the Ceylon form, clarissima, the black markings on upper-
side of hind wing and underside of fore wing are rather narrower.

Hab. Ceylon ; Cachar ; Burma. Exp. 46 millim.

2393. Hypocala biarcuata, Wlk. Cat. xv, p. 1816.

Head, thorax, and fore wing pale brown, irrorated with black ;
abdomen yellowish, the last segment black, with pale anal tuft.
Fore wing with a submarginal black hne in the form of two curves
touching the margin at apex, centre, and outer angle. Hind wang
orange with marginal black baud, broad at costa, and narrowing to
anal angle ; the ciha pale. Underside yellow ; both wings with
the costal areas ochreous and brown speckled, and with a sub-
marginal black band not reaching costa or inner margin; fore
wing with cell-spot.

Bab. Canara ; Tenasserim. Exp. 40 millim.

2394. Hypocala lativitta, Moore, P. Z. S. 1877, p. 606, pi. 60, fig. 4;

C. Sf S. no. 2290.

DiflFers from biarcuata in the fore wing being darker, with large
patches of grey suffusion on inner area and on costa before apex ;
the submarginal line much less regular, and broken by diffused
brown .patches and black streaks at apex and centre. Hind v.^ug
with black cell-spot, prominent on underside.

Hab. Khasis ; Ndgas ; Tenasserim ; Andamans. Eaji. 48
millim.

Genus PTEROCYCLOPHOEA.

Pterocyclopliora, Hmpsn. III. Het. ix, p. 109 (1893)

Type, P. pictimargo, Hmpsn.
Ranr/e. Ceylon ; Java.

Palpi with the 2nd joint thickened and reaching vertex of head,

PTEUOCYCLOPIIOEA. — 7\.NIS0NEURA.

455

the 3rd obliquely porrect and naked ; antennae bipectinated with
short branches in male ; thorax and abdomen smoothly scaled ;
raid tibiiB spined and with terminal tnft ; bind tibia) with medial
and terminal tufts. Tore wing with the costa highly arched ; the
apex produced and acute ; the cilia highlj' crenulate. Hind wing
with the outer margin produced to a point at vein 4 ; inner
margin with a deep incision at middle forming a fringed lobe; the
cilia highly crenulate ; the cell of both wings somewhat short.

2395. Pterocyclophora pictimargo, Hmpsn. III. Het. ix, p. ]10,
pi. 165, tis- 16.

Head, thorax, and abdomen grey, irrorated with dark brown
scales. Eore wing ochreous, with purplish suffusion and irrorated
with dark brown scales ; the reniform indistinct and pale ochreous;
traces of a waved ferruginous medial line excurved round cell ; a
spot beyond the cell on vein 5 ; a straight submarginal ferruginous
Une bent outwards to apex, the area beyond it brown, with a series
of antemarginal white strigEe. Hind wing yellow with ante- and

Fig. 256. — Pterocyclophora pictimargo, J . \.

postmedial brown lines, the latter obsolete towards costa ; the
apical area fuscous ; the outer area brown, inv\'arclly edged by a
purphsh line, then a ferruginous line and some feiTugiuous suf-
fusion ; antemarginal and marginal white lines. Underside
ochreous, irrorated with brown, except on inner area of fore wing,
which has medial and postmedial brown bars ; hind wing with
three lines on inner area.

Hah. Ceylon ; Java. Exp. 66 millim.

Genus ANISONEURA.

Anisoneura, Guen. Noct. iii, p. 160 (IS.'jS),

Type, A. salebrosa, G-uen.

Manr/e. Himalayas ; Assam ; Sylhet ; Poena.

Palpi with the 2nd joint thickened and reaching vertex of head,
the 3rd of moderate length ; antennaj of male with minute fascicules
of cilia ; thorax quadrately scaled ; abdomen with doi'sal ridges of

456

UrOCTUID^,

hair ; tibiaj but slightly hairy, the mid tibiae spined. Pore wing
with the costa arched towards apex ; the cilia crenulate. Hind
wiug with the cilia crenulate ; the cell short ; vein 5 from lower
angle of cell.

Sect. I. Fore wing produced at apex, the outer margin oblique ;
hind wing with Tains 6 and 7 on a long stalk in male, a short
stalk in female.

2396. Anisoneura hypocyanea, Guen. Nod. iii, p. 162: C. &■ S.
no. 2530.

S . Dark red brown, suffused with fuscous ; the head and collar
black ; two black bars on thorax. Tore wing with a short irregu-
larly dentate subbasal line ; a very irregularly dentate autemedial
line, oblique and prominent below the cell ; a dark patch in end of
cell ; patches of yellow and black scales beyond and below end of
cell ; a highly crenulate postmedial oblique line ; an indistinct
double crenulate submarginal line ; a lunulate black line near the
margin. Hind wing with two indistinct antemedial lines ; a crenu-
late medial black line ; a nearly straight postmedial line, with an

Kg. 257. — Anisoneura hypocyanea, c? .

indistinct line beyond it; a slightly sinuous submarginal line.
Underside of fore wing with crenulate postmedial line ; the outer
area suifused with purple; hind wing suffused with purple and
with some white on the veins ; crenulate antemedial and medial
lines.

5 paler ; the thorax and costa of fore wing as far as the post-
medial line grey.

Hob. N.W.Himalayas; Sikhim; Assam, ^i'.r^j. 90-124 millim.

AKTISONBUEA. — SPIREDONIA.

457

Sect. II. Fore wing nob produced at apex, the outer margin much
less oblique ; hiud wing with veins 6 and 7 from cell.

2397. Anisoneura salehrosa, Guen. Nud. iii, p. 161 ; C. S. no. 2531.

5 . Differs from liypocyanea in being darker, more uniformly
suffused with fuscous, and with a purplish tinge ; head and collar
not black. Pore wing with the lines less oblique, without patches
of yellow and black scales below and beyond cell ; an ochreous
patch beyond centre of postmedial line, with an oblique black
streak above it. Hind wing with the postmedial line more waved
and without the indistinct line beyond it. Underside pale without
purplish suffusion and with two dark medial and a pale submar-
ginal line.

i/a6. Sylhet; Poena. Exp. 10 miWira.

Speiredonia, Hiibn. Verz. p. 272 (1818).
Sericia, Guen. Noct. iii, p. 172 (1852).

Type, S. fedvcia, Stoll.

Range. Ethiopian, Oriental, and Australian regions.^
Differs from the 2nd section of Anisoneura in the mid tibias not
being spined.

2398. Spiredonia anops, Gven. Nod. iii, p. 173; Moore, Lep. Ceyl.
iii, pi. 164, fig. 7 ; C.^- S. no. 2565.

Black-brown shot with purple. Fore wing with waved subbasal,
antemedial, and medial black lines ; a spot in cell ; a double post-
medial waved line excurved from vein 2 to lower angle of cell ; an

indistinct sinuous submarginal double line. Hind wing with
medial lunulate line and traces of a sinuous double submarginal
line.

Hab. Throughout India, Ceylon, and Burma ; Andamans ; Aus-
tralia. Ea-p. 70-78 millim.

Genus SPIREDONIA.

Fig. 258. — Spiredonia anops, cJ-

458

NOCTUIDJE.

2399. Spiredonia alix, Guen. Noct. iii,p. 171.

Tavia substruens, Wlk. Cat. xiv, p. 1276 ; C. 8f S. no. 2557.
Syrnia sparsa, Wlk. Cat. xiv, p. 1280.

Seiicia calamistrata, Moore, P. Z. S. 1883, p. 26 ; C. S. no. 2556.

Differs from anojps in being fuscous brown with hardly any
purple shot. Fore wing with two sinuations in the postmedial line
beyond the cell, with black inside them and forming a figure 3, the
line more regularly waved above inner margin ; the double sub-
marginal line regularly waved. Hind ^ving with the double waved
submarginal line more prominent ; underside with the inner area
purplish, with black medial and white subanal spots.

Typical alix has some white suffusion on postmedial and sub-
marginal lines of both wings, whilst substruens is uniformly dark.

Hub. Sind ; N.W. and E. Himalayas; Assam; Andamans ;
Nicobars ; Java. 56-64 millim.

2400. Spiredonia feducia, StoU, Cram. Pap. Exot. v, pi. 36, fig. 3 ;

C. ^- S. DO. 2552.

PhalsBiia zamis, Stoll, Cram. Pap. Exot. v, pi. 36, fig. 11 ; C. S/- S.
no. 2654.

Speiredonia retrahens, Tf'lk. Cat. xiv, p. 1294 ; C. 4' S. no. 2553.
Sericia parvipenuis, Wlk. Cat. xiv, p. 1297.
Speiredonia conspiciia, Fekl. Reis. Nov. pi. 113, fig. 7.
Ommatophora albifascia, Wlk. Cat. xxxiii, p. 947.

Differs from alix in the middle loop of the figure 3 on fore wing
being produced inwards almost to the discocellulars ; a rufous spot
in cell.

Feducia and parvipennis are small forms ; the former has some
purplish grey patches on both wings, the latter has ochreous patches
on disk and centre of margin of both wijigs.

Zamis, retrahens, and albifascia are large forms ; the first has
purplish patches on both wings, in the 2nd these are very promi-
nent; whilst in the 3rd there is ochreous or white suffusion on
the submargiual area of fore wing and postmedial area of hind
wing.

Bab. Throughout India, Ceylon, and Burma ; Andamans; Java.
Exj>. 64-78 millim.

Genus NYCTIPAO.

Nyctipao, Hiibn. Verz. p. 271 (1818).

Argiva, Hilbn. Verz. p. 272.

Patula, Guen. Noct. iii, p. 176 (1852).

Type, N. creiouscularis, Linn.

Range. Ethiopian, Oriental, and Australian regions.
Differs from Spiredonia in the mid and hind tibias being spined
and almost naked ; the fore wing broader.

HTCTIPAO.

459

Sect. I. (Patula). Male with the costal half of hind wing aborted
to form a fold turned over on the upper surface and contain-
ing a large glandular patch of flocculent haii- ; vein 4 running
to the functional apex, 5 from centre of discocellulars, and 6
to the fold ; 7 and 8 very minute to near base of costa.

2401. Nyctipao macrops, Linn. Si/st. iVn^. xii, iii, p. 225 ; Moore, Lep.
Ceijl. iii, pi. 164, fig. 6 ; C.'f S. no. 2533.
Noctua bubo, Fabr. (S^. Ins. ii, p. 209.
Patula boopis, Gum. Noct. iii, p. 178 ; C. S. no. 2532.
Patula walkeri, Butl. A. M. N. S. (4) xvi, 1875, p. 406.

Fuscous brown, with a slight purplish tinge. Fore wing with
short subbasal and waved antemedial and medial black lines ; a
very large fulvous ocellus beyond end of cell, with black outline and
black comma-shaped pupU with blue streaks and specks on it ; two
irregularly waved postmedial lines excurved round the ocellus and
bent inwards below it, the outer one expanding into a patch at
costa ; two sinuous series of black submargiual spots, the inner
series indistinct and obsolete towards costa. Hind wing with
medial black line excurved round cell ; a postmedial series of
lunules with two sinuous series of spots beyond them, the inner
series least distinct. Underside with irregular postmedial series of
white spots and regular submargiual series of lunules to each wing.

WalTceri, from Africa, has the black patch ou costa of fore wing
larger, the white spots on underside smaller.

(5 with tufts of orange hair in anal segment of abdomen round
claspers.

Hah. Throughout Afi'ica, Madagascar, India, Ceylon, and Burma.
Exp. 134-160 millim.

Sect. II. (Arc/iva). Male with vein 3 running to the functional
apex of hind wing ; the costal fold obsolete, the glandular
patch small.

A. Male with veins 4 to 8 of hind wing moderately developed
in the aborted costal area.

2402. Nyctipao Meroglyphica, Brury, III. E.vot. Ins. ii, p. 3, pi. ii,
fig. 1; C. c5- S. no. 2535.
PhalEena mygdouia, Cram. Pap. E.Tot. ii, pi. 174, F.
Phaleeua harmouia. Cram. Pap. Exot. ii, pi. 174, E.
Noctua ulula, Fdbr. Sp. Ins. ii, p. 211, no. 9.

S . Eich black-brown. Fore wing with a whorl-shaped black
mark beyond end of cell, bilobed and expanding at head, where it
is outHned with blue ; an oblique yellow bar from costa near apex,
in one specimen reaching outer margin;

2 . Brown, with black striae ; fore wing with the oblique bar
white ; both vrings with traces of postmedial band of whitish marks
and white spot on fore wing above vein 3.

460

NOOTUXDJB.

Hob. Madagascar ; tlirougbout India, Ceylon, and Burma ;
Malacca ; Philippines ; Java ; Ternate. Exp. 88 miUim.

Fig. 259. — Nyctipao hieroglyphica, S ■ !•

2403. Nyctipao caprimulgus, Fair. Sp. Lis. ii, 210, no. 6 ; C. S; S.

no. 2534.

Nyctipao exterior, Wlk. Cat. xiv, p. 1306 ; Butl. III. Eet. vi,

pi. 112, fig. 3; C. ^ S. BO. 2540.
Nyctipao obliterans, WlJc. Cat. siv, p. 1307.

Nyctipao truncata, Moore, P. Z. S. 1877, p. 608 ; C. ^ S. no. 2544.

cJ . Differs from Meroglyphica in having the whorl on fore wing
larger ; the yellow subapical bar absent. Abdomen with tufts of
orange hair in anal segment round claspers.

2 . The form obliterans is like the male, but with indistinct ante-
medial line to fore wing and line from the whorl to inner margin ;
hind wing with traces of sinuous medial line. In the form exterior
there is a sinuous postmedial white hne on both mngs, broad and
angled near costa of fore wing, the outer area suffused with grey
or sometimes mostly white on hind wing. Another form is
brown, the wings suffused with black as far as the postmedial line.
Underside with irregular postmedial series of white spots to both
wings.

Mab. Throughout India, Ceylon, and Burma. KvjJ. 90-104
millim.

B. Male wilh the glandular j)atc7i and veins A to S of hind tving
still more reduced.

2404. Nyctipao strigipeniiis, Moore, P. Z. S. 1883, p. 25; C. ^ S.

no. 2536.

Differs from the female of hierocjlyphica in having the obhque
subapical bar of fore wing brown and indistinct.

IITOTIPAO.

461

The male has both wings suffused with black as far as the post-
medial line ; the abdomen black.

Hab. Khasis ; Nilgiris. Exp. 86 millim.

2405. Nyctipao crepuscularis, Linn. Stjst. Nat. i, 2, p. 811 ; Moore,

Lep. Ceijl. iii, pi. 165, fig. 1-1 a ; C. S. no. 2539.
Nyctipao ephesperis, Hiibti. Verz. p. 272.
Nyctipao Isetitia, Bull. III. Het. iii, p. 26, pi. 47, fig. 9.

Head and thorax dark brown ; abdomen usually paler, with pale
bands at base. Fore %viug dark brown, with indistinct sinuous
antemedial line ; the mark at end of cell shaped like an ' inverted
comma,' and brown with black edges, the ' head ' slightly bilobed
and with only a few blue scales ; a black line highly angled beyond
cell, then running to near base of inner margin, and with a broad
fulvous or white band beyond it ; an indistinct sinuous postmedial
Une, and submarginal irregularly lunulate black line, with some
white marks on it, the mai-k at costa usually larger ; the outer area
suffused with grey, except a large triangular patch on costa before
apex. Hind wing with pale basal band, with black line beyond it ;
a slightly waved medial Une, with some long whitish hair beyond
it ; an irregularly lunulate submarginal black line, bent inwards
between veins 3 and 6, usually with white marks on it and a patch
at costa ; the outer area fulvous brown except at apex.

Hah. Japan ; China ; throughout India, Ceylon, and Burma ;
Sumatra; Java; Borneo; Philippines. ^a^J. 96-110 millim.

2406. Nyctipao gemmans, Giien. Noct. iii, p. 182 ; C. 8f S. no. 2541.

Black-brown. Fore wing vpith indistinct antemedial line ; the
stigma as in crepuscularis, but larger and with toothed inner edge ;
the postmedial line curved and bent inwards below the stigma ;
an evenly curved white submarginal band, with yellowish edge and
some specks beyond it across both wings. Hind wing with in-
distinct subbasal and medial lines.

Hah. ^jlhet. ic^.rp."82 miJlim.

2407. Nyctipao albicincta, Koll. Hugets Easchmir, iv, p. 474, pi. 22

(1844) ; C. Sf S. no. 2537.
Erebus rivularis, Westw. Cab. Or. Ent. p. 57, pi. 28, fig. 3.

MetaUic blue-black. Fore wing with the whorl-shaped stigma
large and on a greenish patch, with brick-red in the centre, the
black head with a blue patch, two white specks and some white
scales on it ; a curved ochreous white submarginal narrow band to
both wings, with angles in it above veins 3 and 6 of hind wing and
vein 3 of fore wing ; the cilia and veins at margin of both wings
ochreous white.

Hah. N.W. Himalayas ; Sikhim ; Khasis ; Shillong ; ? Nilgiris.
Exp. 110-130 millim.

2408. Nyctipao glaucopis, Wlk. Cat. xiv, p. 1306 ; Butl. III. Het.

vi,pl. 112, fig. 4; C. <§- S. no. 2542.
Nyctipao prunoaa, Moore, P. Z. S. 1883, p. 26 ; C. Sf S. no. 2543.

462

NOOTUIDjB.

Purplish fuscous. Tore wing with the whorl-sbaped stigma as
in Jiieroglyphica. Underside with curved series of white spots,
which show shghtly on upperside, the two at costa of hind wing
being prominent.

A variety has an irregular postinedial white line and the cilia
white.

Hab. N.W. Himalayas ; Sikhim ; Khasis. Exp. 84-108 millim.

Genus HYLODES.
Ilulodes, Guen. Noct. iii, p. 207 (1852).
Type, H. caranea, Cram.

Eange, Formosa; throughout India, Ceylon, and Burma;
Malacca; Java.

Palpi with the 2nd joint reaching vertex of head, the 3rd minute
in male, of moderate length in female; antennae simple; thorax
and abdomen clothed with coarse hair ; tibise not spined ; male
with the tibiae, the 1st tarsal joint of mid legs, and all the joints of
hind legs fringed with long hair. Fore wing with the costa arched
towards apex, which is somewhat falcate. Hind wing with the cell
short ; vein 5 from close to lower angle.

Larvce with four pairs of abdominal prolegs, the first rudi-
mentary.

Sbot. I. Hind wing with the outer margin crenulate and
produced to a point at vein 4.

2409. Hylodes caranea, Cram. Pap. Exot. iii, pi. 269 E, F ; Moore,
Lep. Ceyl. iii, pi. 166, figs. 3, 3 a, & pi. 167, fig. 6 (larva) -,0.^8.
no. 2675.

cJ . Fuscous brown. Wings suffused with purplish as far as

Fig. 260.— fiy/ot^cs camwea, cJ. \-

the curved submarginal line which runs from the apex to inner
margin of hind wing, the area beyond it ochreous brown with a

HYLODBS. — AGONISTA.

463

marginal series of specks ; fore wing with traces of ante- and post-
medial waved lines and brown-centred ochreous lunule at end of
cell ; hind \\-iug with traces of antemedial waved line. Underside
with crenulate medial line ; hind wing with black cell-spot and
spot at middle of costa.

$ . Pale ochreous brown, with some dark brown sufEasion inside
the obhqiie line, which is double ; some specimens with a black
spot on centre of inner margin of fore wing.

Larva with two pointed dorsal tubercles on anal somite ; oHve-
green, speckled with fuscous and paler below ; dorsal and lateral
bands of black streaks; some greenish-white blotches on back
and sides ; the stigmata black ; the tubercles reddish. Food-plant
Acaiithads.

Hah. Formosa ; throughout India, Ceylon, and Burma ; Java.
Exp. 84-90 millim.

Sect. II. Hind wing with the outer margin hardly crenulate
and but shghtly angled at vein 4.

2410. Hylodes drylla, Gtien. Noct. iii, p. 209, pi. 24, fi^. 10.
Hulodes satm-nioides, Gmn. Noct. lii, p. 209 ; C. 8. no. 2577.
Hypopyra restorans, Wlk. Cat. xiv, p. 1328 ; C. iSf 8. no. 2576.

S . Differs from caranea in being ochreous brovra ; the head
and collar dark. Fore wing uniform, with the postmedial line
more oblique towards inner margin, often dentate and with fuscous
suffusion beyond it.

5 paler ochreous brown, with no dark suffusion inside the post-
medial line.

Hah. N.W. Himalayas ; Assam ; Calcutta ; Bui'ma ; Perak.
Exp., c? 72, $ 76 millim.

Genus AGONISTA.

Agonista, Rogenlwjf, Feld. Reis. Nov., Lep. iv, pi. 113, fig. 5 (1864-67).
Lygniodes, Guen. Noct. iii, p. 123 (1852), prteocc.

Type, A. hypoleuca, Guen.

Range. Himalayas ; Nilgiris ; Travancore ; Ceylon ; Assam ;
Burma; Malacca; Borneo; Java.

Palpi with the 2iid joint reaching vertex of head, the 3rd of
moderate length ; antennas simple ; thorax and abdomen smoothly
scaled ; mid tibiae spined ; hind tibiae slightly fringed with hair.
Fore wing with the costa arched ; the apex slightly produced and
acute. Hind wing with the cell very short ; vein 5 from near
lower angle ; 6 much curved.

2411. Agonista hypoleuca, Guen. Noct. iii, p. 125 ; C. ^ S. no. 2495.

c? . Black-brown, shot with purple ; cilia of both wings white.
Underside of thorax and abdomen ochreous ; the wings white ;
fore wing striated with brown, and the basal, costal, and apical
areas brown ; hind wing slightly speckled with brown, and some
brown near apex.

464

NOOTUID^.

2 . Dull brown, with darker striae ; a curved medial dark line
to both wings and submargiaal series of pale specks ; hind wing

Fig. 261— Affonista hypoUuca, S- \-

with pale postmedial line. Underside much bro^raer than in
male ; a cell- spot, postmedial line, and series of submarginal specks

to each wing. ,r n • r- » oo

Hal. Sikhim; Bhutan; Assam; Moulmem. Exp., 6 9^,

5 100 millim.

2412. Agonista endoleuca, Guen. Noct. iii, p. 124; C. 8,- S. no. ^494.
^ Differs from hyiwlcuca in the inner area of hind wing being

pure white. Underside of fore wing brown of hind wmg white
with brown stria, and the apex brown in the Burmese form, whilst
in the typical form from Java the white is confaned to the inner
area and the abdomen has the extremity yellow above.
Hab. Tenasserim; Malacca; Java. Exp. 94 milhm.

2413. Agonista reduceus, Wlk. Cr,i. xiii, p. 1236 ; Moore, Lep. Ceyl

Lygniodes disparans, Wlk. Cat. xv, p. 1817.
A Differs from hypolcuca in being duller and greyer brown.
Underside brown ; the hind wing greyish white with brown stn^,

^T^r °iS« browner than in — The va^^^^^
E-lunua has a stigma in the shape of the old English letlei 6 at

end of cell of fore wing. „ oj. „,;iii„-,

Hah. Sikhim ; Ndgiris ; Travancore ; Ceylon. Exp. 84 miliim.

POLYDESMA. 465

Genus POLYDESMA.

Polydesma, Boisd. Faun. Ent. Madag., Lep. p. 108 (1833).

Pandesma, Guen. Noct. ii, p. 438 (1852).

Felinia, Gum. Noct. iii, p. 322 (1852).

Briarda, Wlk. Cat. xiii, p. 1097 (1857).

Ericeia, Wlk. Cat. xiii, p. 1089.

Talariga, Wlk. Cat. xv, p. 1634 (1858).

Girpa, JVlk. Cat. xv, p. 1849.

Belciana, Wlk. Journ. Linn. Soc. vi, p. 182 (1862).

Beaua, Wlk. Juurn. Linn. Soc. vi, p. 183.

Bamra, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 159 (1882).

Vapara, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 163.

Oromena, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 160.

Pitacota, Moore, Lep. Ceyl. ui, p. 46 (1885).

Koptoplax, Hmpsn. III. Het. viii, p. 126 (1891).

Type, P. unihricola, Boisd.

Ranc/e. Ethiopian region; Japan; China; Oriental and Aus-
tralian regions.

Palpi upturned ; the 2nd joint reaching vertex of head ; thorax
smoothly scaled ; abdomen with usually slight basal ridges and tufts
of hair ; tibiffi without spines and more or less fringed with hair.
Fore wing with the apex somewhat rounded. Hind wing with
vein 5 from above angle of cell.

LarvcE with four pairs of abdominal prologs, the first two pairs
rudimentary.

Sect. I. Antennae of male minutely ciliated.

A. Palpi with the Hrd joint short.

a. (Pandesma). Male with the base of hind wing smoothly scaled

on underside.

a'. Mid legs of male ivith no tuft of long hair from the
femoro-tibial joint.

2414. Polydesma mundata, Wlk. Cat. xv, p. 1701 ; Hmpsn. III. Het.
IX, pi. 163, fig. 14, pi. 176, fig. 7 (larva).
Bamra acronyctoides, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 160 ; C. <^ S. no. 2432.
Grey, suffused with pale red-brown; palpi black at base; the
collar rufous. Fore wing with sinuous subbasal, antemedial, post-
medial, and submarginal indistinct lines; an oblique black streak
from centre of costa to centre of submarginal line, crossing a
longitudinal streak from the discocellulars to the submarginal line •
some black streaks from the submarginal line towards outer
margin, the streak above outer angle extending within the line
Hmd wuig white; the outer area more or less suffused with
luscous.

La,rva. Dull brownish green above, in some specimens purplish •
whitish below ; two small yellowish dorsal spots on each somite
except the first and last; a hump on the eleventh somite. Food-
plant Albizzia. Spins a cocoon amongst grass and leaves and
secretes a whitish powder from ventral area when pupating

Hab. Kangra ; Ceylon. &p. 44 millim.
VOL. u. 2 H

466

NOC'TUIDiE.

2415. Polydesma all)icola, Wlk. Cat. xiv, p. 151.5 ; C. ^ S. no. 2433.

Agriopis dLscalis, Muore, P. Z. S. 18G7, p. 67, pi. -vii, fig. 2 ; C. S,- S.
no. 2434.

Bamra diplostigma, Hmpsn. III. Het. ix, p. 109, pi. 163, fig. 7.

Differs from mundata in being white, very slightly suffused with
fuscous. Fore wing with traces of numerous waved fuscous lines ;
the subbasal and antemedial black lines arising from black spots
on the costa ; beyond the end of cell is a black streak with incom-
plete loops above and below it, thus forming a very incomplete
figure of 8. Hind wing with the base white ; the outer two-thirds
fuscous, with a white streak at anal angle. Underside with nearly
the whole fore wing and outer half of hind wing suffused with
fuscous.

The form diplostigma, from Ceylon, is whiter ; a fuscous patch on
the costa above the mark at end of cell ; hind wing and underside
very slightly fuscous.

ifab. Sikhim ; Assam ; Ceylon. Exjy. 54 millim.

2416. Polydesma turbata, Wlk. Cui. xv, p. 1720 ; C. ^ -S. no. 1930.

5 . Fuscous brown ; the vei-tex of head white. Fore wing with
traces of numerous waved black lines ; a large white basal patch
not reaching costa or inner margin and conjoined to a large patch
in end of cell, extending upwards to the costa ; a large patch on
the apical part of costa, with two brown marks on it at the origin
of the postmedial and submarginal lines. Underside of hind \ving
with indistinct curved postmedial line.

Hab. " N. India." Kvjp. 46 millim.

2417. Polydesma sublimis, Feld. Reis. Nov. pi. Ill, fig. 23 ; C. 8)- S.

no. 2445.

Agriopis lepida, Moore, P. Z. S. 1867, p. 56 : C. Sr S. no. 2435.
"White, with a slight yellowish suffusion ; the base of palpi black.
Fore wing with subbasal and antemedial slightly sinuous black
lines, the area between them suffused with red-brown ; the ante-
medial line with a prominent black spot below the cell ; an
indistinct speck in cell ; a grey lunule at end of it ; indistinct
double medial and postmedial waved hues aud irregularly sinuous
submarginal line ; the costal half of this postmedial area suffused
with red-brown aud parts of the inner half with greenish grey ;
two black spots on the postmedial line ; a crenulate marginal hue.
Hind wing white ; the outer area suffused with fuscous ; a series
of black marginal lunules.

In Sikhim specimens the dark markings of the fore wing are
more extensive.

Hab. N.W. Himalayas ; Sikhim. Kvp. 48 miUim.

2418 Polvdesma qnenavadi, Guen. Nod. ii, p. 438; Moore, Lep.
Vcyl. iii, pi. 156, fig. 1 ; C. <5; S. no. 2443.
Panciesma unysa, Guen. Noct. ii, p. 439.

POLYDBSMA.

4G7

Cerbin fugitiva, Wlk. Cat. xiv. p. 1365.

Pandesma iubva, Swi7ih. P. Z. S. 1889, p. 413, pi. 44, fig. 4.

Pandesma similata, Moore, P. Z. S. 1883, p. 24 ; C. <Sr S. no. 2444.

Brownish grey. Pore wing with subbasal, antemedial, medial,
exciirved postmedial, and submarginal waved lines ; the orbicular
and reniforin indistinct ; a marginal series of specks. Hind wing
with the basal area whitish ; the outer brownish, with postmedial
and submarginal indistinct waved lines. Underside white, with a
broad submarginal fuscous band and marginal series of black
specks to each wing.

The form jubra, from Burma, is lilacine grey, with some ochreous
on head and collar ; abdomen ringed with ochi-eous. Pore wing
with a black speck on antemedial Kne ; a brown diffused sub-
marginal band. Hind wing with the outer area black. A Ceylon
specimen is still darker.

JIab. Throughout India, Ceylon, and Burma. E.vj). 40-56 millim.

2419. Polydesma fasciata, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 163 ; C. ^- S. no. 2358.

(J . Olive-brown, suffused with fuscous. Fore wing with in-
distinct subbasal and antemedial sinuous black lines ; the area
between them suffused with black ; the reniform small, with dark
outhne; traces of a dentate medial line; an irregularly dentate
postmedial line bent inwards below end of cell ; an irregular sub-
marginal line, with slight black suffusion on it near apex and inner
margin. Hhid wing dark fuscous ; the cilia pale brown : under-
side with cell-spot and indistinct sinuous medial line; the apex of
each wing with a vinous tinge.

JIab. Sikhim. Ex2}. 42 millim.

2420. Polydesma catenata, Moore, Lep. Ceyl. iii, p. 550. nl -'14

fig. 10 ; C. f S. no. 24-59. ^ V - - >

Panilla apicalis, Bull. III. Het. vii, p. 74, pi. 132, fig. 1.

Pale red-brown. Fore wing with some black spots on the costa
and some subbasal blackish patches ; an antemedial sinuous line ;
two indistinct medial lines excurved at end of cell ; a postmedial
black Une excurved between veins 3 and 5, and with a black patch
beyond it from the costa to vein 3 with some blue scales on it •
traces of a sinuous submarginal band ; a marginal lunulate line!
Hind wing with indistinct lunule at end of cell and medial sinuous
line ; a sinuous black postmedial line ; traces of a submarginal
line; a fine marginal black crenulate line.

Hah. Dharmsala ; Ceylon. Exp. 24 millim.

2421. Polydesma vetusta, W7/i;. Cw;;. xxxiii, p. 875 ; C. .5- ^. no. 2467.
Grey, irrorated with fuscous. Fore wing with waved ante-
medial narrow dark band ; traces of medial waved line ; a spot at
end of cell ; a postmedial waved black line excurved beyond cell
and with an indistinct fuscous line beyond it; traces of a sub-
marginal sinuous hne. Hiud wing with trace's of medial line • a

468

■irOOTTTIDiE.

postmedial waved black line \vifch an indistinct fuscous line beyond
it ; a sabmarginal indistinct waved line.
Hah. Karachi ; Mhow. Exp. 84 milliin.

b'. Mid legs of male with a tuft of long hair from the
femoro-tihial joint.

2422. Polydesma costimacula, GMe?i.iV^oci.ii,p.429; C. & no. 2293.
Kemigia triangulata, Wlk. Cat. xxxiii, p. 1017.

Ochreous-brown ; the head and collar black ; abdomen tinged
with fuscous. Fore wing with antemedial, postmedial, and sub-
marginal black patches on costa ; a dark line on discocellulars,
expanding into a small square spot at lower angle of cell ; traces
of waved medial, postmedial, and submarginal lines and of two
fuscous submarginal spots. Hind wing with the apical area
fuscous, continued to inner margin as a diifused submarginal band.

Hah. Sylhet. Exp. 46 millim.

h. (Polydesma). Male with the hasal area of hind wing clothed
with long silky hair on underside.

2423. Polydesma umbricola, Boisd. Faun. JEni. Madag., Lep. p. 108,

pi. 13. fig. 5.
Polydesma laudula, Guen. Nod. ii, p. 441.

Polydesma boarmoides, Guen. Noct. ii, p. 441 ; Moore, Lep. Ceyl.

iii, pi. 156, tig. 2 ; C.^S. no. 2446 (part.).
Polydesma mastrucata, Feld. Reis. Nov. pi. Ill, fig. 31.
Polydesma scriptilis, Guen. Noct. ii, p. 442 ; C. Sr S. no. 2449.

Brown suffused with fuscous. Tore wing with indistinct waved
subbasal, antemedial, medial, and postmediul hues, each arising
from a black spot on the costa ; a crenulate pale submarginal line
with some fuscous suffusion inside it ; a marginal series of lunulato
spots. Hind wing with indistinct antemedial and medial sinuous
lines; a crenulate submarginal pale line with fuscous suffusion
inside it ; a marginal series of lunulate spots. Underside -with the
area inside the crenulate submarginal Hne of both wings broadly
suffused with fuscous.

Hah. W. and S. Africa; Madagascar; Formosa ; throughout
India, Ceylon, and Burma; Andamans. Exp. 50 mdlim.

2424 Polydesma otiosa, Guen. Noct. ii, p. 442 ; C. 6,- S. no. 2448.

' Alamis brevipalpis, Wlk. Cat. xiii, p. 1051 : C. ^- S. no. 2446
(pai't.).

Differs from umhricola in being smaller and paler ; the fuscous
suffusion on underside confined to the costal area of hmd wmg ;
the whole of the hind wing being silky ochreous in male.

Hah N.W.Himalayas; Sylhet; Niigiris. ^'.ip. 44 milhm.

POLYDESMA.

469

B. Palpi iviili the ^rd joint longer.

a. Hind legs of male tufted with long hair to the extremity of the tarsi.

a'. (Felinia). Mid tibice of male with no masses of fiocculent hair
contained in a fold.

2425. Polydesma spissa, Guen. Noct. iii-, p. 322 ; C. ^ 8. no. 2708.
Briavda decens, Wlk. Cat. xiii, p. 1098; Butl. III. Het. y'l, pi. 110,

fig. 6 ; C. 4- S. no. 2339.

Grey-brown. Fore wiag with numerous indistinct waved lines ;
an antemedial waved line dentate on vein 2 and with a diffused
red-brown band inside it ; a dark line on discocellulars, with an
ill-defined brownish patch on the costa above it ; a postmedial
waved line excurved beyond the cell ; a triangular patch on
costa before apex. Hind wing with the basal area ochreous ; the
outer fuscous ; a pale streak at anal angle ; cilia pale at apex and
anal angle.

Hah. Throughout India, Ceylon, and Burma; Andamans. Exp.
42-50 millim.

2426. Polydesma praecedens, Wlk. Cat. xiii, p. 1098 ; Butl. III. Het.

vi, pi. 110, fig. 7 ; C.lif S. no. 2340.
Briarda antecedens, Wlk. Cat. xiii, p. 1099.

cJ. Pale reddish brown. Fore wing with numerous indistinct
waved dark lines ; a dark brown patch on base of costa ; a waved
antemedial line : a large subtriangular medial patch on the costa
extending to vein 2 and bounded by the postmedial line, which is
recurved round its lower end and then obsolete ; a dark apical
patch with a black streak on it ; a crenulate marginal line. Hind
wing fuscous ; underside with cell-spot and indistinct medial line.

$ with a dark spot on fore wing below the cell on the ante-
medial line.

Hah. " India ; " Ceylon ; Sumatra. Exp., 6 52, 5 44 millim,

2427. Polydesma metaspila, Wlk. Cat. xiii, p. 1032 ; Moure, Lep.

Ceyl. iii, pi. 154, tig. 6 ; C. 8( S. no. 2296.
Ophiusa pallidilinea, Wlk. Cat. xv, p. 1832.

Toxocampa moola, Swinh. P. Z. S. 1885, p. 459, pi. 27, fig. 10;

C. S,- S. no. 2297.
Hypeetra aordida, Butl. Tram. Ent. Sac. 1886, p. 414.

Ochreous brown ; the collar black. Fore wing irrorated with
dark brown ; a comma-shaped black mark above inner margin
before middle ; faint traces of the orbicular and reniform ; a post-
medial ochreous brown-edged line, with a series of fuscous marks
beyond it. Hind wing pale, with diffused medial band ; the outer
area fuscous

Hab. Poona; Nilgiris ; Ceylon; Java; Fiji. fiiy. 42 millim.

2428. Polydesma rectivitta, Moore, P. Z. S. 1881, p. 353 ; C. ^- 8.

no. 1917.

$ . Differs from metaspila in being darker and less uniform in
colour ; the collar not black. Fore wing with no spot above inner

470

■NOCTUIDiE.

iiiargiu ; an indistinct lunnlate oblique antemedial narrow band ;
the orbicular and reniforin spots large and very indistinct ; an
oblique narrow postmedial band with some white specks on the
veins beyond it ; an irregularly dentate submarginal line with
diffused i'uscous on its inner edge ; a marginal series of specks.
Hind wing dark fuscous ; the cilia ocbreous.
Hah. Sikhim. E^x^. 46 millim.

b'. (Ericia). Mid tibice of male with large masses of flocculent
hair contained in a fold. -

2429. Polydesma inangulata, Guen. Nod. iii, p. 210 ; Mom-e, Lep.
Ceyl. iii, pi. 156, figs. 6, 6 a ; C. 8f S. no. 2472.
Hulodesei'iopbora, Gucn. Nod. iii, p. 210; C. S; S. do. 2470.
Ericeia sobria, Wllc. Cat. xiii, p. 1089.
Ophisma deficiens, Wik. Cat. xiv, p. 1383.
Eemigia optaliva, Wlh. Cat. xiy, p. 1510.
Eemigia congressa, Wlk. Cat. xiv, p. 1510.

Hemigia perti'diosa, Wlk. Cat. xiv, p. 1511.
Eemigia perteudens, Wlk. Cat. xiv, p. 1515
Eemigia congregata, Wlk. Cat. xv,

p. 1512;
p. 1847

C. Si S. no. 2473.
; C. S. no. 2700.

Eemigia optatma, Wlk. Cat. xv, p. 1848.
Eemigia amanda, Tf^lk. Cat. xv, p. 1848.
Gii'pa aliena, B^lk. Cat. xv, p. 1849.
Eemigia comitata, Wlk. Cat. xxxiii, p. 1018.
Hvpopyra apicalis, Wlk. Journ. Linn. Soc. vii, p
Gi'rpa t'raterna, Moore, Lep. Ceyl. iii, p. 94, pi.

C. ^ S. no. 2471.
Hulodes umbrosa, Wlk. Char. Undescr. Set. p

178.

156, figs. 5, 5 a
91.

Violaceous grey, ocbreous, reddisli or fuscous brown, more or
less irrorated with fuscous. Pore wing with subbasal, antemedial,
medial, postmedial, and submarginal indistinct sinuous dark lines ;
the minute orbicular and large reniform spots indistinct ; an almost

Fig. 262.— Polydesma inangnlaia, c? • 1-
marginal series of dark specks. These markings may all be almost,
obsolete or fairly prominent; each line may be double and consist
of disioined strigffl or lunules ; inside the submarginal and medial
lines the area is often suffused with fuscous, or in the form enophora
with ferruginous, this form having the reniform elongate, prominent,
and ferruginous ; a grey apical patch is often present in the ocbreous
forms and a dark spot "on the submarginal line above nmer margni.
Hind wing with indistinct medial line, with crennlate line beyond it ;
a waved s^ibmarginal Une and almost marginal series of dark specks ;

POLYDESMA.

471

the submarginal line often has dark suffusion inside, and in the form
eriophora there are some rufous patches on it.

In one specimen the outer area of both wings is bhiish white.

Hab. Natal; China; throughout India, Ceylon, and Burma;
Audamans ; Australia. Exp. 48-54 millim.

b. (Belciana). Hind legs of male not tufted with long hair.

2430. Polydesma tetraspila, Wlk. Cat. xxxiii, p. 1018; C. ^ S.

no. 2302.

Differs from costimacula (p. 468) in the vertex of head being grey.
Fore wing with the antemedial costal patch minute or absent, the
submarginal much further from the apex ; no dark mark on disco-
cellulars ; medial, postmedial, and submarginal faint lines more
regularly waved ; a sinuous black mark is sometimes present on the
medial line from vein 3 to inner margin and a series of specks on
postmedial line. Hind wing with very indistinct ante- and post-
medial, submarginal and marginal fuscous bands.

Hab. Siuila ; Sikhim. Exp. 48 millim.

2431. Polydesma capacior, Wlk. Cat. xv, p. 1634.

Yellowish brown, the head and collar fulvous. Fore wing with
traces of subbasal line ; a sinuous antemedial line ; the orbicular a
dark-ringed grey speck ; a similar speck on origin of vein 2 ; the
reniform a similar large rounded spot with some dark marks on it ;
a highly crenulate postmedial hue bent inwards below end of cell ;
an irregularly sinuous submarginal pale line with fuscous suffusion
on each side of it. Hind Aving with indistinct ring-spot at end of
cell ; an irregularly dentate postmedial line. Underside suffused
with orange fulvous.

In some specimens the basal and costal areas of fore wing are
suffused with brownish ochreous.

Hab. Khasis ; Singapore ; Sumatra. Exp. 48 millim.

2432. Polydesma Mformis, Wlk. Cat. xv, p. 1671.

Pandesma hemodi, I'eld. Reis. Nov. pi. Ill, fig. 25; C. 8f S.
no. 2442.

Head pale and dark brown, the vertex green ; thorax green, the
base of collar brown ; abdomen pale fuscous. Fore wing white,
suffused with pale bright green ; a large subbasal red-brown patch
on the costa with a black streak below it ; a white spot in cell ; an
indistinct medial line ai'ising from a red-brown spot on the costa
and slightly excurved round cell ; traces of a lunulate white post-
medial line; a large red-brown patch with black inner edge occu-
pying the whole apical area and a smaller similar patch at outer
angle. Hind wing fuscous brown, the basal and inner areas pale.
Underside suffused with fuscous.

Hab. jSilgiris ; Ceylon ; Borneo. Exp. 52 millim.

2433. Polydesma eurycMora, Wlk. Cat. , xv, p. 1670 ; C. & S.

no. 2437.

Differs from biformis in the abdomen being yellow ; the hind

472

NOCTUIDiE.

M'lng bright yellow ; the outer area fuscous brown, with some
whitish streaks near anal angle. Underside with broad submarginal
band to both wings.

Hah. Sikhim ; Canara ; Nilgiris. Exp. 52 millim.

*2434. Polydesma? catocalina, Moore, Lep. Ath. p. 156, pi. 5, fig.3 ;
C. S) S. no. 2259.

$ . Head and thorax ochreous-grey ; abdomen ochreous. Fore
wing olive-grey ; a broad basal brownish band not reaching inner
margin and outwardly bordered by a straight line ; a narrow
medial waved band enclosing a large reniform spot ; a curved post-
medial line with a band beyond it, widest at costa and sending a
spur to middle of outer margin ; a margiaal series of specks. Hind
wing ochreous, with a marginal brownish band narrowing to anal
angle.

Hob. Sikhim. Eap. 40 millim.

2435. Polydesma ornata, Moore, P. Z. S. 1883, p. 23, pi. 6, fig. 3 ;
a ^ S. no. 2438.

c? . Head and thorax clothed with rufous and dark broMOi scales ;
abdomen yellow, with the dorsal tufts black. Pore wing red-brown,
with large greenish-grey patches on inner basal area and on central
outer area ; double- waved subbasal, ante- and postmedial lines
filled in with greenish grey, the last excurved ; the orbicular and
reniform whitish, the latter with b'ack centre ; a greenish spot on
costa before apex. Hind wing yellow; the outer area reddish
fuscous, with a white striga near anal angle.

Hab. Bombay. Exjp. 48 millim.

*2436, Polydesma thoracica, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 161, pi. 5, fig. 7 ;
C. ^ S. no. 2440.

5 . Head and thorax oKve-yellow ; palpi and collar chestnut ;
abdomen fuscous. Eore wing chestnut, Avith very ill-defined basal,
antemedial, and postmedial conjoined bands of olive-grey blotches
traversed by interrupted sinuous black lines ; the orbicular and
reniform represented by white spots ; a submai'ginal waved olive-
grey fascia; a series of cilial specks. Hind wing fuscous, darkest
towards the outer margin ; a curved postmedial pale line with a
white line on it above anal angle ; a submarginal series of white
specks and a streak at anal angle ; cilia tipped with white.

Hah. Sikhim. Exp. 58 millim.

2437. Polydesma striatovirens, Moore, P. Z. S. 1883, p. 23, pi. 6,
fig. 2 ; C.^S. no. 2439.
cJ . Palpi pale brown ; head and thorax blue-green variegated
with brown ; abdomen yellowish fuscous. Fore wing blue-gi-een,
evenly variegated with red-brown ; indistinct subbasal, aniemedial,
postmedial, and submarginal waved black lines ; a marginal series
of black specks ; some whitish specks on costa. Hind wing fuscous,
with traces of a medial line ; the base pale ; a blue-green patch

POLYDESlL/i..

473

towards anal angle; underside with cell-spot and waved postmedial
line.

Hub. Sikbim ; Khasis. Exp. 60 millim.

2438. Polydesma lichenoides, n. sp.

2 . Head, thorax, and abdomen pinkish ochreous ; palpi banded
with black ; collar fringed with green ; the patagia green ; abdomen
with the large medial dorsal tuft black in front and the terminal
segment black, the anal tuft ochreous. Fore wdng sap-green ; a
basal black patch ; an autemedial black band, obsolescent below the
cell and with pinkish suffusion on each side of it ; a black and
white spot and pinkish patches at end of cell ; a medial black baud,
obsolescent below cell ; an irregularly waved postmedial line arising
from a black patch on the costa, \vith some pink inside it and blue-
grey outside; some irregular black aud grey marks on outer area
from middle to outer angle ; a marginal series of black and white
specks. Hind wing pale yellow, with indistinct ante- and post-
medial lines and broad blackish marginal band with blade and white
streak at anal angle ; cilia of both wings fulvous, black, and white.
Underside ochreous, irregularly banded and blotched with black.

Hah. Nagas, 6000 feet {Doherty). Exp. 44 millim. Type in
coU. Elwes.

2439. Polydesma terminigera, Wlk. Cat. xv, p. 1850 ; Moore, Lep.

Ceyl. iii, pi. 149, fig. 7 ; C. ^- S. no. 1817.

$ . Head and thorax whitish ; abdomen pale fuscous. Pore
wing pale red-brown, with indistinct w^aved subbasal and antemedial,
sinuous postmedial, and dentate submarginal hues ; a large while
triangular patch from costa before middle to base and outer angle
on inner margin ; a white apical costal patch, crossed by the post-
medial and submarginal lines. Hind wing pale, with indistinct
postmedial fuscous line and marginal band.

Hub. Poona; Canara ; Ceylon; Sylhet; Karen Hills. Exp.
36 millim.

Sect. II. Anteunse of male fasciculated.
A. (Oromena). Male iviili the apex of fore iving not tnmcate.

2440. Polydesma relinquenda, Wlk. Cat. xv, p. 1802 ; C. Sr S. no.

2436.

$ . Dark fuscous reddish, suffused with grey. Pore wing with
indistinct pale waved subbasal, antemedial, and postmedial lines ;
traces of small orbicular and reniform spots ; a submarginal series
of whitish lunules. Hind wing pale ; the outer area darker, with
marginal series of white specks.

Hub. Sikhim ; Mergui. Exp. 50 miUim.

2441. Polydesma commutanda,TF«n-.^.iW.J\r.Jf.(6)vii,]891,p.426.
Oromena reliquenda, Moore, Lep. Alk. p. lliO {nec relinquenda,

Wlk.).

cj . Head, thorax, and abdomen pale red-brown. Pore w ing

474

NOCTUIDiE,

golden-olive suffused with black, with a large white patch ou the
basal area and white postmedial band; indistinct subbasal and
antemedial waved black lines, interrupted by the white patch ; the
reniform ill-defined and blackish ; a series of blackish hinules,
irrorated with white beyond the postmedial white band ; a submar-
ginal sei'ies of black and white lunules. Hind wing orange-yellow ;
a sinuous postmedial black line ; the outer area black, with a white
streak at anal angle.

Hah. Sikhim. Exp. 56 millim.

B. (Coptoplax). Male with the apex of fore wing truncate, the trun-
cate margin being bent over on the upper surface of the wing ;
the veins towards apex distorted.

2442. Polydesma lindsayi, Hmpsn. III. Het. viii, p. 127, pi. 154, fig. 17.

S . Differs from commutanda in being much darker ; the abdomen
dark brown. Tore wing without white markings ; the area between
the subbasal and antemedial Hues blackish, irrorated with white.

Hah. Nilgiris. Exp. 54 millim.

Genus HOMOPTEEA.

Homoptera, Boisd. Icon. Reg. Anim. p. 522 (1829).
ALimis, Gnen. Noct. iii, p. 3 (1852).
Dug-aria, Wlk. Cat. xiii, p. 1075 (1857).
Mcepa, Wlk. Cat. xxxiii, p. 915 (1865).

Type, H. lunata, Drury, from N. Amei'ica.

Range. Nearctic, Neotropical, Ethiopian, Oriental, and Australian
regions.

Palpi with the 2nd joint reaching vertex of head, the 3rd rather
short ; antennas of male with short fasciculate cilia ; metathorax
with a slight tuft ; abdomen -with prominent dorsal tufts ; tibiae of
male heavily clothed with hair ; the mid tibiae spiued.

Larvce with four pairs of abdominal prolegs, the first two pairs
aborted or rudimentary.

Sect. I. (Alamis). Male with the greater part of the underside
of fore and hind wings clothed \nt'h sdky hair.

2443. Homoptera umbrina, Guen. Noct. iii, p. 4; C. 4- S. no. 2455.
Alamis albicincta, Guen. Noct. iii, p. 4.

Alamis hypopbiea, Guen. Noct. iii, p. 4 ; C. S,- S. no. 245.3.

Alamis contiuua, Wlk. Cat. xxxiii, p. 877 ; Forsaijeth, Trans. Ent.
Soc. 1884, p. 412, pi. 15, fig. 9 (larva) ; C. ^- S. no. 2451.

Homoptera detersa, Wlk. Cat. xxxiii, p. 888 ; C. Sr S. no. 2461.

Homoptera plumipes, Wlk. Cat. xxxiii, p. 888 ; C. f S. no. 24(53.

Alamis yendola, S^oinh. Trans. Ent. Soc. 1891, p. 150.
Dark red-brown. Tore wing with sinuous subbasal and ante-
medial black lines and numerous indistinct waved reddish lines on
basal half of wing ; a sinuous postmedial black line, excurved beyond
cell and slightly angled at veins 4 and 6, with an irregular fuscous
black band beyond it ; an indistinct irregular fuscous submarguial

HOMOPTEEA.

475

line. Hind wing with numerous fuscous waved lines and a sinuous
postmedial blaclc line.

The form albicincta has the area beyond the antemedial line ot
fore wing and the outer area prominently suffused with white ;
other specimens have the fore wing suffused with fuscous as far as
the submarginal line.

Larva green, the dorsal area whitish ; a yellow line dividing the
eves ; a yellow lateral line with blue specks on it ; the 1st pair of
abdominal prolegs aborted, the 2nd pair rudimentary.

Eab. Throughout India. -EU^j., d 30-38, ? 38-48 millim.

Sect. 11. (Bugaria). Male with no silky scales on underside of
fore wing ; hind wing with only the subcostal area so
clothed, more especially towards apex.

2444. Homoptera glaucinans, Guen. Nod. iii, p. 6 ; Smpm. III. Het.
ix, pi. 165, figs. 1, 7, 15 ; C. Sf 8. no. 2452.
Alamis tigilla, Guen. Noct. iii, p. 6.
Alamis mendax, Wlk. Cat. xiii, p. 1047.

Homoptera infligens, Wlk. Cat. xiii, p. 1068 ; C. Sf S. no. 2454.
Homoptera solita, Wlk. Cat. xiii, p. 1068; Forsaijeth, Trans. Ent.

Soc. 1884, p. 411, pi. 14, fig. 9 (larva) ; C. ^ S. no. 2466.
Dugaria cilipes, TT'77i;. Cat. xiii, p. 1076.
Homoptera delineosa, Wlk. Cat. xv, p. 1798.
Homoptera disjuncta, Wlk. Cat. xxxiii, p. 885.
Homoptera antica, Wlk. Cat. xxxiii, p. 887 ; C. Sf S. no. 2458.
Hypograrama vaUdula, Wlk. Cat. xxxiii, p. 893 ; C. 4" ^•

no. 2400.

Differs from umbrina in the fore wing having the sinuous lines
on basal half very numerous, fine, aud inwardly obhque ; the post-
medial line oblique below vein 4. Hind wing with the hues
numerous, fine, aud obhque ; the postmedial line oblique and arising

Fig. 263. — Homoptera ghucinans, c? . ^.
from apex. Underside with the silky hair towards apex of hind
wing in male fuscous.

Both wings may be much suffused and blotched with fuscous, aud
the postmedial line may be black and prominent or indistinct ; in the
form disjuncta= antica there is adiiTused white medial Y-shaped band
to fore wiug, whilst in another form the medial area of fore wing is
black.

Zarm with the two anterior pairs of abdominal prolegs aborted;
pale green, with broad yellow lateral stripe.

Hab. Congo ; 8. Africa ; throughout India, Ceylon, and Burma ;
Java. Exj). 36-42 milHm.

476

XOCTUIDJE.

Sect. III. {Homoptera). Male with no silky scales on
underside of either wing.

2445. Homoptera albidens, Wlk. Catxxxm, p. 916 -,0.8^8. no. 2423.
S . ELifous-brown. Fore wing with indistinct siibbrisal line ;

slightly sinuous antemedial line ; reniform with a few white scales
round it ; a sinuous postmedial line excurved bevond cell, and witli
a narrow white band beyond it ; a marginal luuulate line. Hind
wing with the basal and costal areas pale, the rest of the wing
suffused with rufous, especially on each side of the nearly straight
postmedial black line ; a crenulate marginal black line.
Hab. Coimbatore. Exp. 30 millim.

2446. Homoptera vinosa, n. sp.

2 . Differs from alhidens in being much darker and suffiised
with purple ; abdomen dorsally suffused with black. Fore wing
with the basal area darkest; indistinct double antemedial and
medial waved black lines ; a white speck in cell ; the reniform
greenish and elongate ; a double postmedial line angled bej^ond
the cell ; a triangular dark mark with white edges on the costa
before apex, which is suffused with white ; two black submarginal
spots ; a large patch of white suffusion on inner half of outer
area. Hind wing fuscous, with slight white marks on vein 2 ; a
marginal series of white specks ; the cilia fuscous ; underside
suffused with pink, and with a black cell-spot and crenulate medial
and postmedial lines.

Hah. Nagas, 6000 feet {Doherty). Exp. 26 milHm. Type in
coll. Elwes.

Genus PANILLA.

Panilla, Moore, Lep. Ce.yl. iii, p. 93 (1884).
Caduca, Moore, Leii. Ceyl. iii, p. 96.

Type, F. dispila, Wlk.

Range. Throughout India and Ceylon ; Sumatra.

Palpi obliquely porrect, fringed with long hair below, and with
long hair from their base, the 3rd joint minute ; antennae ciliated
in male ; metathorax with a slight tuft ; abdomen with dorsal
tufts at base ; tibiae fringed with long hair in male, and without
spines ; coxas of fore legs with long tufts of hair. Fore wing
short, the apex rounded.

2447. Panilla dispila, Wlk. Cat. xxxiii, p. 890 ; Moore, Lep. Ceyl. iii,

pi. 156, fig. 12 ; C.^ 8. no. 2469.
Bright red-brown. Fore wing with indistinct curved waved
antemedial, medial, and postmedial dark lines arising from black
spots on the costa, the last with a black patch beyond it at centre ;
traces of a pale waved submarginal line ; a marginal series of
black specks, with a spot at centre of margin ; some black specks
on costa towards apex. Hind wing with antemedial and medial

PATTILLA. — MELIPOTIS.

477

sinuous dark lines ; traces of a pale waved submarginal line ; a
marginal series of black specks.

The form from the N.W. Himalayas is large, with a prominent
black triangular patch on the costa of foi-e wing before apex.

Hah. N.W. Himalayas; Poona ; Nilgiris; Ceylon. Exp. 26-
84 mUlim.

2448. Panilla albopunctata, Wik. Cat. xiii, p. 1068 ; C. Sf S. no. 2457.
Alamis meleagris, Feld. Reis. Nov. pi. Ill, fig. 32 ; C. ^ S. no. 2456.

Head, thorax, and abdomen clothed with dark red-brown, grey,
and fuscous scales. Fore wing dark red-brown suffused with
grey, which covers the whole of the wing except the costal and
outer areas, which are irrorated with grey ; indistinct waved sub-
basal, antemedial, and medial Unes ; orbicular small, dai'k, and
elongate ; reniform prominent, with some grey on it ; a dentate
postmedial line and indistinct submarginal line ; a marginal series
of dark specks. Hind wing red-brown ; some grey at base ; an
indistinct medial line and dentate postmedial; the whole outer
area except apex covered with white spots and short waved striae ;
a series of black specks on margin.

Hah. " N. India ; " Ceylon. Exp. 40 millim.

Melipotis, Hiibn. Zhitr. i, p. 17 (1806-1818).
Anumeta, Wlk. Cat. xv, p. 1769 (1868).
Palpaugula, Sta%id. Stett. Ent. Zeit. xl, p. 324 (1879).

Type, M. jumnda, Hiibn., from N. America.
Range. Nearctic region; Europe ; Central Asia ; N. W. Hima-
layas ; Sind.

Palpi with the 2nd joint obliquely upturned and reaching vertex
of head, the 3rd long and porrect ; antennfo with short fasci-
culated ciha in male. Thorax and abdomen smoothly scaled ;
mid and hind tibiae with medial and terminal tufts of loug spinous
hau's. Fore wing with the apex somewhat quadrate.

Sect. I. {Anumeta). Fore, mid, and hind tibiae with the
spinous tufts immensely developed.

2449. Melipotis atrosignata, Wlk. Cat. xv, p. 1770; C. 8f S.

Fig. 264. — Panilla dispila, (J . \.

Genus MELIPOTIS.

uo. 2190.

Head, thorax, and abdomen grey. Fore wing yellowish grey

478

NOOTTJID^E.

suffused with fuscous; antemeclial, postmedial, and submarginal
waved lines with pale edges ; a series of marginal specks. Hind
wing white, with diffused ante- and postmedial fuscous band ; the

apex fuscous ; a large black spot near middle of outer margin ; a
dark marginal line.

Hah. Hyderabad, Sind. Exp. 34 millim.

Sect. II. {Melipotis). Mid and hind tibias with slight spinous
tufts ; fore tibias without the tufts.

2450. Melipotis cashmirensis, n. sp.

S . Head and thorax brown, irrorated with grey ; abdomen pale
brown. Fore wing brown, thickly suffused with grey ; a medial
white band, bounded inwardly by a dark brown line and outwardly
by a postmedial line much excuryed beyond cell, especially beyond
lower angle, to which it is sharply excurved ; a dai'k line on disco-
cellulars ; a nearly straight submarginal indistinct pale line. Hind
wing brown, with the interspaces of basal area whitish ; a white
spot on outer margin at vein 2 ; the cilia white.

Bab. Kashmir (^McArthur). Exp. 38 millim. Type in coU.
Leech.

Sect. III. Male with large tufts of hair on inner side of palpi
on 2nd and 3rd joints ; tibite with the tufts slight. Hind
wing with a patch of differently formed scales in base of cell,
and a tuft of hair from base of costal nervure on upperside.

2451. Melipotis fulviceps, n. sp.

Dark fuscous brown, with a bronze tinge ; head and legs
bright orange-yellow ; the tufts on palpi of male black. Fore
wing slightly irrorated with grey ; some white speclvs on costa
towards apex, and a series on outer margin. Hind wing paler.

Hah. Simla {Harford). Exp. 32 millim. Type in B. M.

Genus GNAMPTOGYIA, nov.

Type, 6. multilineata, Hmpsn.
Ranc/e. N."W. Himalayas.

Palpi upturned, smoothly scaled, and reaching just above vertex
of head ; antenuoJ long and thick, with, fasciculated cilia in male ;

GNAMPTOGYIA. — LTNOESTIS.

479

thorax and abdomen smoothly scaled ; hind tibife much distorted
and bent, the terminal pair of spurs minute. Fore wing with the
apex acute.

2452. Gnamptogyia multilineata, n. sp.

S . White, thickly irrorated with
brown scales. Fore wing with nume-
rous oblique lines from near apex to
inner margin ; the outer area fuscous,
its inner edge rufous. Hind wing
crossed by numerous oblique lines ;
■p^^ 2fi6 ' outer area fuscous, its inner

- , • ° i r , edge rufous.

Gnamptoffi/zamultdincata.d. h gi^k (Harford). E.rp. 2i

millim. Type in B.M.

Genus LYNCESTIS.
Lyncestis, Wlk. Cat. xi, p. 632 (1857).
Jarasana, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 132 (1882).

Type, L. amphix. Cram.

Range. Nearctic region ; Jamaica ; India.

Palpi upturned and reaching vertex of head, the 2nd joint
roughly scaled ; antennae minutely ciliated in male ; very slight
tufts on metathorax and on proximal segments of abdomen.
Fore wing somewhat narrow; the apex rounded ; the cilia crenu-
late. TibiaB without spines and moderately hairy.

2453. Lsmcestis amphix. Cram. Pap. Exot. ii, pi. 134, C ; C. 8^ S.

no. 2333.

Jflraaana lativitta, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 132 ; C. Sf S. no. 2338.

(S ■ Head, thorax, and abdomen grey ; a black hue on collar.
"Fore wing grey, with faint traces of numerous waved and dentate
lines ; some black specks at lower angle of cell and a series on

Fig. 207. — Lyncestis amphix, (f. \.

outer margin. Hind wing opalescent white, with a broad black
marginal band from the apex to vein 2.

Eah. Benares ; Karachi ; Poona ; Nilgiris. Exp. 38 millim.

2454. Lyncestis Tmilinea, Swinh. P. Z. S. 1885, p. 4-52, pi. 27,
fig. 7 ; C. S. no. 2140.

9 . Differs from amphix in being browner grey. Fore wing

480

NOOTCIDiE.

with a black fascia Irom the base below the cell to outer margin at
vein 3 ; the marginal specks more prominent. Hind wing with
the margin and veins near it tinged with fuscous instead of a
marginal band.

Hab. Poona ; Ahmedabad. Exp. 42 millim.

Genus GNAMPTONYX, nov.

Type, G. vilis, Wlk.
liange. Aden ; N.W. India.

Palpi short and obliquely upturned, the 2nd joint roughly
scaled, the 3rd minute. Antennas fasciculated in male. Thorax and
abdomen smooth, ^'ore tibia with a pair of long crooked terminal
spines ; mid tibia spined and clothed above with large recumbent
scales. Fore wing somewhat quadrate at apex.

2455. Gnamptonyx vilis, Wlk. Cat. xxxiii, p. 889 ; C. Sf S. no. 2468.

Pale ochreous brown. Pore
wing more or less suffused
with fuscous; slightly waved
ante- and postmedial dark
lines, the latter excurved be-
yond the cell ; a pale medial

'Fig.2QS.— Gtmmptonyx vilis, i. band and patch beyond the

cell often present ; an irre-
gularly waved ochreous submarginal hue. Hind wing mth post-
medial dark line and waved ochreous submarginal line. Underside
almost uniform whitish.

Bab. Aden ; Punjab. Exp. 32-36 millim.

Genus PSEUDOPHIA.

PseudopHa, Guen. Noct. iii, p. 234 (1852).

Type, P. illunaris, Hiibn., from Europe.

Range. Nearctic and Palsearctic regions ; Aden ; N.W. India.

Differs from Gnamptonyx in the palpi having the 3rd joint
longer; the fore tibia without the crooked spines; the mid tibia
without the large scales ; the mid and hind tibite spined.

2456. Pseudophia benenotata, Wan: P. Z. S. ]888, p. 313; C. Sf S.
no. 2440 A.

S . Pale grey. Pore wing with indistinct subbasal and aute-
medial dark lines; the reniform brownish, with dark edges; an
indistinct postmedial line, excurved beyond the cell ; a pale v aved
submarginal Une, with brown inner edge; a creuulale marginal
line. Hind wing pale brownish fuscous, the cilia whitish.

Hab. Egypt ; Eawal Piudi. Exp. 30 millim.

PSE0DOPHIA. CATEPHIA .

481

2457. PseudopMa indecisa, Wlk. Cat xii, p. 829; C. ^ S. no. 1884.
Cavadrioa sabulosa, Siumh. P. Z. S. 1884, p. 516, pi. 47, fig. 6 ;
C. <S- S. no. 2114.

Brownish oelireous. Tore
wing with waved subbasal, ante-
medial, postmedial, and sub-
marginal lines ; the postmedial
highly excurved beyond the ceU,

Fig. 269.— Pseudophia indecisa, ^^^^ irregularly recurved to its

lower angle ; a dark mark on
discoceUulars ; a series of marginal white specks ; the medial and
outer areas often suffused with fuscous. Hind wing white, the
apical area fuscous. Underside white, with the outer area of fore
wing and apex of hind wing fuscous.

Hab. Aden ; Murree ; CampbeUpur. Uxp. 25-32 millim,

2458. PseudopMa devia, Swinh. P. Z. S. 1884, p. 520, pi. 48, &g. 3 :

C. ^ S. no. 2441. ^ ^ '

? . Brownish grey. Fore wing with very indistinct subbasal,
ante- and postmedial waved lines ; the orbicular and reniform in-
distinct ; a very irregular submarginal pale hne with some blackish
marks on it ; some marginal pale specks. Hind wing with broad
black postmedial band and some fuscous on outer margin. Under-
side whitish, with submarginal fuscous band to each wing with
waved outer edge.

Eab. Karachi. Exp. 45 miUim.

2459. Pseudophia infrequens, Stvink. P. Z. S. 1884, p. 517. pi. 47

fig. 11 ; C.Sr S. no. 1916. ^ '

2 . Sandy-brown. Pore wing with faint traces of the reniform ;
antemedial, postmedial, and submarginal Hues. Hind wing browner,
with the cilia pale. Underside pale, slightly darker towards outer
margin.

Hab. H3rderabad, Sind ; Karachi. Exp. 30 millim.

Genus CATEPHIA.

Catephia, Ochs. Eur. Schmett. iv, p. 94 (1816).
Aedia, Hiibn. Verz. p. 260 (1818).
Anophia, Guen. Ann. Soe. Ent. Fr. x, p. 81 (1841).
Zarima, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 162 (1882).

Type, C. alchemista, Schiff, from Europe.

Range. Europe ; S. African subregion and Oriental and Aus-
tralian regions.

Palpi smooth and reaching just above vertex of head ; thorax
hairy ; abdomen with dorsal tufts and ridges of scales on proximal
segments ; tibia) hairy and without spines. Fore wing with the
apex nearly rectangular.

VOL. II. 9 T

482

nootuid;e.

Sect. I. {Cateplna). Antennas o£ male almost simple.

A. Fore legs in male ivith thick tufts of scales from coxce, and very
long fringe of hair from femora and tibice.

2460. Catephia linteola, Gueti. Nod. iii, p. 44 ; Moore, Lep. Ceyl. iii,
pi. 159, fig. 1 i a 8(8. no. 2347.

Head and thorax black and dark red-brown with a purphsh
gloss ; abdomen black. Fore wing red-brown more or less suf-
fused with black ; a short subbasal line ; waved antemedial, medial,

Fig. 270. — Catephia linteola, S- \-

and postmedial lines, the last highly angled outwards beyond end
of cell ; a small black spot or ring-spot in cell and indistinct reni-
form spot with ring-spot below it ; traces of an irregularly waved
submarginal line ; the apex irrorated with white. Hind wing
black, with a broad pure white medial band not reaching inner
margin ; the apex white, and some white submarginal spots more
or less developed towards anal angle.

Eab. S. Africa; Madagascar; throughout India, Ceylon, and
Burma; Borneo; AustraUa; Marshall Islands. E.vp. 56-66 millim.

B. Fore leg of male without the tufts of scales and long fringes.

2461. Catephia flavescens, Butl. III. Bet. vii, p. 74, pi. 131, fig. 12.
Head and collar ochreous ; thorax rufous suffused with black ;

abdomea blackish. Fore wing ochreous, with subbasal antemedial,
postmedial, and submarginal waved lines, the postmedial excurve^
beyond the cell ; the orbicular and reniform large with dark out-
lines; dark patches on costa at centre and at apex ; the inner
area blackish, with some blue scales near outer angle. Hind w ing
yellowish, with the outer area black-brown, leaving the apex

yellow. ^„ ....

Bab. Dharmsala ; Sikhim. E.vjy. 38 milhm.

2462. Catephia acronyctoides, Guen. NocLiii, p. 47 ; C. ^- S. no. ^52.
Anophia olivescens, Gue7i. Nod. iii, p. 48, pi. 14, fig. U ; <^ o.

no. 235.5. ...
Anophin discistriga, Wlk. Cat. xni, p. H^^- ^
Anophia epundoides, Wlk. Cat. xxxni, p. 91. ; C. ^ S. no. /<504.

CATEPHIA.

483

Fuscous ; the thorax and fore wing suffused with olive or white.
Fore wing with indistinct subbasal and waved antemedial lines ;
ti-aces of orbicular, reniform, and claviform spots ; a postmedial
double waved line slightly exciurved beyond cell ; traces of an
irregular submarginal line ; a marginal series of black specks.
Hind wing pure white ; the inner margin suffused with fuscous ;
the outer half of wing black, with white patches at apex and anal
angle. Underside of fore wing mth the basal two thirds white,
with spot at end of cell.

In acronyctoides the suffusion is white, the reniform and a patch
above it more or less white ; in olivescens the suffusion is oKve ; in
discistriga from Africa and a Sikhim specimen the white area of
the hind wing is reduced, and in this and the Australian form the
white patches at apex and anal angle are often obsolete. In a
form from Dharmsala the colour is blackish without olive or grey
suffusion, the postmedial line of fore wing more angled beyond
cell, and with no white patches at apex and anal angle of hind
wing.

Hardly separable from the European leucomelas. Linn.
Hah. W. and S. Africa ; throughout India, Ceylon, and Burma ;
Andamans ; Java; Australia. Exp. 40 millim.

2463. CatepMa dulcistriga, Wlk. Cat. xv, p. 1811.
Anophia longinquua, Swinh. Tram. JEnt. Soc. 1890, p. 23-3.

Differs from acronyctoides in the fore wing being shorter and
broader, the thorax and fore wing variegated Math pale brown ; the
reniform spot whitish. Hind wing with the white confined to a
round patch at end of ceU ; the cilia white at apex and anal angle.

Hab. S. Africa ; Sikhim ; Rangoon. Exp. 25-30 millim.

2464. CatepHa diphtheroides, Moore, Lep. Ceyl. ili, p. 118, pi. 159,

fig. 6 ; C.S( S. no. 2353,

$ . Head and thorax silvery grey variegated with fuscous and
black ; the abdomen fuscous. Fore wing silvery grey ; subbasal,
antemedial, and postmedial waved black lines and dentate sub-
marginal line ; indistinct antemedial, medial, and postmedial sub-
sidiary lines ; the orbicular, reniform, and claviform grey spots
with black outlines ; a marginal series of black specks. Hind wing
with the base white ; the inner area and outer half fuscous, with
white patches at apex and anal angle.

Hah. Ceylon. Exp. 40 millim.

C. Male with lateral tufts of hair from near base of abdomen and
immensely developed anal tufts ; legs fringed tvith long hair,
hut without tufts ; antenna} moderately ciliated; inner margin
of hind wing with large tufts of hair.

2465. Catephia thricophora, n. sp.

S . Palpi purplish ; vertex of head, collar, and patagia dark
green ; thorax and abdomen ochreous brown, the latter with the

2i2

484

NOCTUID^.

lateral tufts pale and the anal tufts oehreous and black. Fore
wing fuscous ; the basal area suffused with vinous purple, the rest
with dark green ; indistinct waved black ante- and postmedial
hues, the latter excurved beyond cell ; some oehreous streaks on
the veins at end of cell ; a dark brown diffused subapical spot and
small oehreous streak above centre of margin. Hind wing black
with the subbasal area pure white, the cilia greenish.

Eab. Mergui (Doherty). Exp. 42 milhm. Type in coll. Druce.

Sect. II. Antennse of male fasciculated.

2466. CatepMa perdicipennis, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 162, pi. 5, fig. 18 ;

C. ^ S. no. 2356.

cJ . Head and thorax pale purplish fuscous variegated with oKve-
green ; abdomen fuscous, with the dorsal tufts olive. Fore wing
pale purpUsh fuscous ; the costa olive ; a short subbasal line with
rufous spot inside it ; a waved antemedial double hne filled in with
olive, and with a black striga inside it at inner margin ; the orbi-
cular, reniform, and claviform pinkish with dark and ohve outlines ;
a double postmedial black line filled in with olive, very highly
excurved beyond cell, and wdth a black streak from it to centre of
outer margin ; some slight subapical dentate marks. Hind wing
with the base white ; the outer half fuscous ; underside with cell-
spot and crenulate postmedial line.

Hab. Sikhim. Exp. 32 miUim.

Sect. III. Antennee of male bipectinate, the branches very short.

2467. Catephia inquieta, Wlk. Cat. x, p. 340.
Anophia mosara, Swinh. P. Z. S. 1889, p. 413.

Fuscous black slightly tinged with red-brown. Fore wing with
the subbasal, antemedial, postmedial, and submargmal lines in-
distinct; the orbicular, reniform, and claviform indistinct, the
reniform large and pale in parts ; a pale tascia on vein 2 trom
the ceU to postmedial line. Hind wing white ; the outer halt
fuscous, or with slight suffusion on outer area and dark marginal

^"^Eab. S. Africa ; Sind ; AHbag, near Bombay ; Ceylon. Exjy. 32
minim.

Sect. IV. (Zarima). Antenna of male bipectinate, the branches

long.

2468. Catephia dentifera, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 162, pi. 5, fig. 19 ;

C. Sf S. no. 2357.

J . Head olive and rufous ; thorax rufous vvith oUve patch on
patagia; abdomen fuscous, the base and anal tuft rufous Fore
winp dark red-brown ; an olive fascia on inner area ; the base
'gied with ohve ; 'the subbasal. antemedial, and curved post

wing
varie

MOSAEA. — AECTB.

485

medial lines indistinct, the last with some olive beyond it ; an
indistinct pale submarginal line ; a marginal series of black specks ;
ciUa olive with brown tips. Hind wing with the base white ; the
outer area fuscous brown ; the cilia pale with a dark line through
them ; underside with cell-spot and crenulate postmedial line.
Hab. Sikhim. Exp. 36 millun.

Genus MOSAEA.
Mosara, Wlk. Cat. v, p. 1032 (1855).
Type, M. apicalis, Wlk.

Range. Western India, Ceylon, and Burma; Borneo.

Palpi upturned, reaching above vertex of head ; antennae bi-
pectinated ; thorax hairy ; abdomen with slight dorsal tufts ; the
male with large lateral and anal tufts ; tibise without spines and
strongly tufted. Fore wing short and broad ; the apex rounded ;
the inner margin lobed near base, and with a slight tooth of scales
at outer angle. Hind wing of male with a ridge and fold on
underside running from centre of costa to lower angle of cell and
thence to centre of outer margin.

2469. Mosara apicalis, Wlk. Cat. v, p. 1032 ; Moore, Lep. Ceyl. ill,
pi. 159, figs. 3, 3 o ; C. 8i S. no. 2351.
Anophia lateralis, Wlk. Cat. xxxiii, p. 917.

Head and thorax dark red-brown ; abdomen pale, with the
lateral and anal tufts fulvous. Fore wing dark red-brown ; a

Fig. 271. — Mosara apicalis, . \.

chocolate spot at base ; an indistinct curved antemedial line ; the
reniform indistinct, with a white speck on it ; a curved submarginal
pale line, with an indistinct crenulate line inside it ; some sub-
apical dark spots, and one at centre of outer margin. Hind wing
with the basal half pale, the outer fuscous.

Ifab. Poona; Nilgiris ; Ceylon; Moulmein ; Rangoon; Borneo.
E.vp., d 28, ? 32 millim.

Genus ARCTE.

Arete, Koll. HiigeVs Kaschmir, iv, p. 477 (1844).
Cocytodes, Guen. Nod. iii, p. 41 (1852).

Type, A. polygrapha, Koll.

Range. W. Indies ; Africa ; the Oriental region to the New
Hebrides and Fiji.

488

KOOTUIDiE.

Palpi upturned and reaching vertex of head, the 3rd pint short ;
antetmsB quite simple ; thorax and abdomen clothed with long
hair, the latter in male with a strongly ridged chitinous rasp on
centre of dorsum of penultimate segment, probably played on by
the strong chitinous spurs of the hind legs ; tibise fringed with
long hair.

Sect. I. Mid and hind tibisB spined ; hind wing of male with
the inner margin fringed with long hair.

2470. Arete caenilea, Quen. Noct. iii, p. 41, pi. 13, fig. 10 ; C. ^- S,
no. 2342 ; Hjnpsn. III. Eet. ix, pi. 176, lig. 6 (larva).

Head black ; thorax vinous red-brown ; pectus white ; abdomen
bluish fuscous, with a white tuft in male below the claspers.

Fig. 272. — Arete carulea

Tore wing brown suffused with black, except the costal area as
far as the postmedial line and the apical area, and irrorated mth
a few bluish-white scales ; a short almost basal hue ; two black
subbasal patches ; an obHque waved antemedial line ; a black spot
in cell and two lunules at end of it ; a lunulate postmedial line
angled beyond lower end of cell; traces of a pale waved sub-
marginal line. Hhid wing black, with a bright blue patch on
disk • a maculate postmedial band and patch near anal angle.

Larva black ; the somites with transverse dorsal white bars
each enclosing a black line ; stigmata ochreous, black-ringed, and
with some red round them, situated on white patches, from near
the top of each of which springs a white hair ; an interspu-acuiar
disconnected white line; a broader spiracular line with a black
spot, from which springs a white hair below each spiracle ; a broad
ventral white band ; the 11th somite humped and black above ;
the extremity orange above spotted with black; head and somites
with sparse long white hairs.

Hah. Japan; throughout India, Ceylon, and Burma; Java,
New Hebrides; New Caledonia; Fiji. Exp. 84 mdhm.

AEOTB . — OTOLODHS .

487

Sect. II. Mid and hiud tibiae not spined ; male with the inner
margin of hind wing not fringed with long hair.

2471. Arete polygrapha, Eoll. HugeVs Kaschmir, iv, p. 478.

Differs from ccerulea in tlie thorax being clothed with red-
brown pale-tipped hairs ; abdomen greyish, with black rings.
Eore wing with patches of white scales on the subbasal patches
and in cell ; the antemedial line curved ; no black spot in cell, the
postmedial line double and exceedingly sinuous ; a series of black
submarginal patches ; a marginal black line.

Hah. Simla ; Kashmir ; Sikhim. Exp. 92 miUun.

2472. Arete taprobana, Moore, Lep. Ceyl. m, p. 113, pi. 160, fig. 1 ;

a. 8. no. 2.346.

Arete nigrescens, Butl. III. Ret. vi, p. 38, pi. 110, fig. 8 ; C. S,- S.
no. 2345.

Differs from ccerulea in the antemedial Hne of fore wing being
waved ; the postmedial line regularly ciuwed ; a marginal series of
black and fulvous specks. Hind wing with an obscure double
postmedial series of small blue spots developed only towards inner
margin, and a more developed submarginal series replacing the
bright blue markings.

In the form taprobana from Ceylon, the ground-colour of fore
wing is yellow-brown shghtly suffused with fuscous ; in nigi-escens
from Sikhim it is wholly dark except the apical area.

Eab. Sikhim ; Ceylon. Exp. 80-84 miUim.

2473. Arete modesta, Van der Hoev. Tijd. Nat. Gesch. vii, p. 282,

pi. 7, fig. 8 ; C.^ S. no. 2344.
Arete senica, Feld. Reis. Nov. pi. 113, fig. 2.
Coeytodes immodeata, Giien. Nod. iii, p. 42.
Cocytodes granulata, Own. Noct. iii, p. 42 ; C. ^ S. no. 2343.

Differs from taprobana in the basal black patch of fore wing
being larger, the antemedial line regularly curved ; the postmedial
line angled beyond the cell. Hind wing with single postmedial
series of blue spots and indistinct marginal series. Underside
with the margin of both wings suffused with pale blue ; hind wing
with two medial series of pale blue blotches.

Hab. Sikhim; Assam; Java. Exp. 86 millim.

Genus CYCLODES.

Cyclodes, Guen. Noct. iii, p. 26 (1852).
Beregra, Wlk. Cat. xiv, p. 1315 (1858).

Type, C. omnia, Van der Hoev.

Range. Sikhim ; Assam ; S. India ; Ceylon : Java.

Palpi smoothly scaled, the 2nd joint reaching vertex of head,
the 3rd minute ; antenna) quite simple ; thorax hairy ; abdomen
with strong ridges of coarse hair ; tibiae slightly hairy and without

488

NOCTUID^.

spines. Fore wing with the apex nearly rectangular ; the outer
margin obliquely rounded. Hind wing with vein 5 from above
angle of cell.

2474. Cyclodes omma, Van der Hoev. Tijd. Nat. Gesch. vii, p. 281 , pi. 7,
figs, a, b; Moore, Lep. Ceyl. iii, pi. 160, tig. 7 j C. <^ S. no. 2573.
Beregra replenens, Wlk. Cat. xiv, p. 1315.

Head, thorax, and abdomen clothed with pale red-brown and
grey hair. Fore w'vag pale golden brown with green reflexions ;
the outer area whitish ; the apical area irrorated with purplish ;

Fig. 273. — Cyclodes omma, S ■ \-

a metallic-blue ring-spot below costa embraced by the double
sinuous antemedial line ; indistinct sinuous medial, postmedial, and
submarginal lines, the first angled at lower end of cell, the second
dentate from costa to vein 3 ; an almost marginal series of dark
strise. Hind wing greyish fuscous ; a curved postmedial white
band with a dark line on it ; some blue marks with a whitish band
beyond them towards anal angle; the apical area blackish; a
marginal whitish band defined by browTi Unes. Underside with
an indistinct lunulate postmedial pale line and traces of submar-
ginal line, blackish towards costa of each wing.

Hah. Sikhim; Assam; Travancore ; Ceylon; Java. Exp. 60-
72 millim.

Genus MITHILA.
Mithila, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 166 (1882).

Type, M. liclienosa, Moore.
Range. Sikhim.

Palpi upturned, the 2nd joint reaching vertex of head and
thickly scaled, the 3rd of moderate length ; anteixnse ciliated in
male ; thorax with a slight tuft behind collar and paired tufts on
metathorax ; abdomen with dorsal tufts on first three segments,

MITHILA. — COABIOA.

489

that on third largest ; legs very heavily clothed with hair. Fore
wing with the apex rounded. Hind wing with vein 5 from below
centre of discocellulars.

2475. MitMla lichenosa, Moore, Lap. Atk. p. 157 ; C. ^ S. no. 2262.

Olive-green, irrorated with grey scales. Fore wing with indis-
tinct double waved subbasal, autemedial, and postmedial black

Fig, 274. — Mithila lichenosa, (S . \.

lines, and single medial and submarginal lines ; a grey spot in end
of cell and patch at apex ; a mai'ginal series of black specks.
Hind wing dark brown, the cilia red-brown ; underside with cell-
spot and obhque postmedial line.
Hab. Sikhim. Exp. 42 mdHm.

Genus COARICA.

Coarica, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 153 (1882).

Type, O. fasciata, Moore.
Range. Himalayas.

Palpi upturned, slender, and smoothly scaled, the 2nd joint
reaching just above vertex of head, the 3rd of moderate length ; a
sharp frontal tuft ; autennce simple ; thorax with a very high
sharp crest ; abdomen with large dorsal tufts of spatulate scales
on the 2nd and 3rd segments. Fore wing with the apex slightly
acute. Hind wing with vein 5 from below centre of disco-
cellulars.

2476. Coarica fasciata, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 153, pi. 5, fig. 1 ; C. ^ S.
no. 2247.

2 . Head grey and brown ; thorax and abdomen pale red-brown ;

Fig. 275. — Coarica fasciata, ^. \.

the collar outlined with grey. Fore wing pale red-brown, with
oblique antemedial black line from median nervure to inner

490

NOOTUIDjE.

margin ; a white speck in cell ; a postmedial broad chocolate band,
ill-defined on inner side, outwardly edged by a line white line
excurved beyond cell, and sending long teeth inwards on median
nervure and vein 1 ; a broken submarginal sinuous black line.
Hind wing pale fuscous, with slight black marks near anal angle.
Hob. Murree ; Sikhim, Exp. 40 millim.

Genus SPHINGOMORPHA.

Sphingomorpha, Guen. Nod. iii, p. 220 (1852).
Type, S. cMorea, Cram.

Range. Africa ; Aden ; throughout the Indian region ; Java.

Palpi upturned, the 2nd joint reaching vertex of head, smoothly
scaled and somewhat thickened, the 3rd long and very slender ;
antennse of male with slight fasciculated cUia on underside ; thorax
and abdomen smoothly scaled ; the tibiae fi'inged \vith hair ; the
fore tibiae clothed with tufts of immensely long hair in male.
Eore wing long and narrow ; the costa arched before the apex ;
the outer margin obliquely rounded, with the cilia crenulate.
Hind wing with the outer margin excised from vein 2 to anal
angle.

2477. Sphingomorpha chlorea, Gi-am. Pap. Xvot. ii, pi. 104, fig. C ;
a Sr S. no. 2593.
Sphingomorpha sipyla, Ouen. Noct. iii, p. 222, pi. 21, fig. 4.
Sphingomorpha monteironis, Butl. A. M. N. H. (4) xvi, p. 406.

Head ochreous white, the basal joint of palpi dark brown ; thorax
dark brown above, with a broad ochreous-white stripe on vertex ;

Fig. 276. — Sphinffomorpha chlorea, S • I-

abdomen dark brown above, with a series of dorsal ochreous-white
spots. Fore wing red-brown with dark stria5 ; a pale patch at
base of inner margin ; an indistinct anteniedial angulate line, an
irregularly waved medial line with pale outer edge, and sometnnes
tinged with purple and mfous ; some vinous patches beyond it ;

SPUlNCiOMOBPHA. — LACEKA.

491

the reniform a narrow limule with a viuous dash heyond it ; a
creiiulate postmedial hne with three medial black lunules oa it
and one towards inner margin, and joined by acrenulate line from
near apex ; a marginal series of black specks. Hind wing fuscous
brown, the base and a diffused medial irregular band pale ; an
ochreous patch with black strisB on it at centre of outer margin ;
the cilia pale. Underside pale, with fuscous submarginal band
towards inner margin of each wing.

Hah. Africa; Aden; thi-oughout India, Ceylon, and Burma.
Exj}. 60-84 millhn.

Genus LACERA.
Lacei-a, Guen. Noct. iii, p. 386 (1852).
Type, L. alope, Cram.

Range. Neotropical, Ethiopian, and Oriental regions; Japan.

Palpi with the 2nd joint reaching vertex of head, the 3rd short ;
antennae of male minutely ciliated ; thorax and abdomen clothed
with coarse hair ; tibiae very heavily tufted with hair. Fore wing
with the apex arched and somewhat acute ; the outer margin
angled at centre ; the cilia crenulate. Hind wing with the cilia
crenulate ; the margin produced to slight points at veins 4 and 6.

Larvm with four pairs of abdominal prolegs, the first two pairs
aborted.

2478. Lacera alope, Cmm. Pap. Exot. iii, pi. 286, E, F ; Moore, Lap.
Ceijl. iii, pi. 173, figs. 1, 1 a (larva) ; C. ^ S. no. 2756.
Lacera capeUa, Ouen. Noct. iii, p. 337.
Lacera procellosa, Butl. A. M. N. H. (5) iv, p. 368.

Dark reddish brown slightly irrorated with grey. Fore wing with
traces of subbasal line ; a curved slightly dentate antemedial black

Fig. 277. — Lacera alope, S • \-

line ; an obscure renifoi'm spot with an indistinct figure-of-8-shaped
mark below it ; a very irregularly dentate postmedial line excurved
beyond the cell, a pale mark with black streaks on the veins in
the sinus and a pale mark on it above inner margin ; the outer
area variegated with pale brown and fuscous. Hind wing with
indistinct waved postmedial line ; a marginal dark line vrith some
blue-grey specks on it. Underside with the outer area of fore

492

NOOTUIDjE.

wing variegated with rufous and purplish ; some white on the
postmedial line ; the outer margin suffused with white except at
apex ; hind wing variegated with reds and purples ; a browu-
speckled yellow patch at apex.

Larva green, with dark dorsal striae ; the hinder part of somites
4—11 with dark specks and a sublateral series of similar specks ;
the legs and two dorsal prominences on 11th segment dark.
Food-plants, Pisonia and Canthium.

Hab. S. Africa ; Madagascar ; Japan ; China ; throughout India,
Ceylon, and Burma; Andamans. ^a^p. 48-64 miUim.

Genus BRANA.

Brana, Wlk. Cat xiii, p. 1099 (1857).

Type B. calopasa, "Wlk.
Bange. Ceylon ; New Guinea.

Palpi with the 2nd joint not reaching vertex of head, the 3rd
naked and porrect ; antennae almost simple ; thorax and abdomen
smoothly scaled ; tibiffi without spines and moderately hairy. Fore
wing with the apex somewhat rounded. Hind -wing rather narrow;
vein 5 from above lower angle of cell.

2479. Brana calopasa, Wlk. Cat. xiii, p. 1100 ; Moore, Lep. Ceyl. iii,
pi. 148, fig. 6; C. ^ <S. no. 2386.

Head black and white ; thorax grey, the scales tipped with
white ; collar with some black at base and behind it ; abdomen

Fig. 278. — Brana calopasa, S ■ \-

black, with an orange dorsal spot at base and the extremity
orange ; pectus orange ; legs black and white. Fore wing with
the basal half grey, the scales tipped with white ; two black spots
on a white patch at base of costa ; an antemedial series of three
white or yellow-ringed black spots ; five medial spots, one benig
displaced outwards below the white-edged black reniform ; a post-
medial maculate band with some white beyond it ; the outer area
bluish black ; the veins white ; an indistinct submarginal white
Hne. Hind wing blue-black ; the apex and cilia white.
Mab. Ceylon ; New Guinea. Kvp. 58-60 millim.

CHBYSOPEEA. OPHI VSA.

493

Genus CHRYSOPERA, nov.

Type, C. combinans, Wlk.

Range. Throughout India, Ceylon, and Burma.

Palpi upturned and smoothly scaled, the 2nd joint reaching
vertex of head, the 3rd long and sHghtly curved ; antenuse serrate
and fasciculated in male ; thorax and abdomen smoothly scaled ;
tibiae without spines, and nob clothed with long hair. Fore wing
with the apex somewhat rounded.

2480. Chrysopera combinans, Wlk. Cat. xiv, p. 1399; Moore, Lep.
Ceyl. iii, pi. 169, fig. 3 ; C. 8f S. no. 2623.

Very dark red-brown. Fore wing
with a slight purphsh gloss ; indis-
tinct antemedial, medial, and post-
medial diffused lines ; a pale apical
semicircular patch wdth a piece cut
out of its outer edge. Hind wing
with a large bright yellow apical
patch.

Hub. N.W. Himalayas; penin-
Fig. 279. sidar India, Ceylon, and Burma.

Chrysopera combinans, (J. \. Exp. 44 Tnillim.

Genus OPHIUSA.

Ascalapha, Hiibn. Tentainen, p. 2 (1806), praeocc.
Thyas, Mibn. Samml. Exot. Schmett. ii. (? 1806).
Ophiusa, Ochs. Eur. Schmett. iv, p. 93 (1816).
AchaBa, Hiihn. Verz. p. 269 (1818).
Dj'sgonia, Riibn. Verz. p. 269.

Ophiodes, Gucn. Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr. p. 77 (1841), praeocc.

Ophisma, Guen. Nod. iii, p. 236 (1852).

Naxia, Guen. Noct. iii, p. 254.

Artena, Wlk. Cat. xiv, p. 1388 (1868).

Pasipeda, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 171 (1882).

Minucia, Moore, Lep. Ceyl. iii, p. 159 (1884).

Macaldenia, Moore, Lep, Ceyl. iii, p. 162.

Cariinilla, Moore, Lep. Ceyl. iii, p. 169.

Pindara, Moore, Lep. Ceyl. iii, p. 169.

Type, 0. algira, Gmel.

Range. Palsearctic, Neotropical, Ethiopian, Oriental, and Austral-
asian regions.

Palpi upturned and smoothly scaled, the 2nd joint reaching
vertex of head, the 3rd variable in length and longer in the female
than the male ; thorax and abdomen smoothly scaled ; mid tibiie
spined, and sometimes also the hind tibiae : the tibiffi fringed with
long hair in male. Fore wing with the apex somewhat acute ; the
outer margin nearly straight. Hind wing with the outer margin
slightly angled at vein 2.

Larva with four pairs of abdominal prolegs, the first pair or first
two pairs rudimentary.

494

NOCTTTIDiE.

Sect. I. Males without large tufts on the legs.
A. Hind wing not orange or crimson.

2481. Ophiusa gravata, Gum. Nod. iii, p. 237 ; C. ^ S. no. 2616.
Pale reddish brown. Fore wing with an indistinct straight

erect medial pale line with dark inner edge ; a slightly curved
dark postmedial line and very obscure submarginal line ; the cilia
white at tips. Hind wing brownish ochreous, with a submarginal
fuscous black band very wide near apex. Underside of fore wing
with submarginal fuscous patch.

Hah. Sikhim; Sylhet ; Burma; Ceylon; Australia. Exp. bO
miUim.

2482. Ophiusa mezentia, Cram. Pap. Exot. iv, pi. 323, F ; C. ^ S.

no 26''6

Achsea reversa, Wlk. Cat. xiv, p. 139Q-, Moore, Lep. Ceyl. m,

pi. 169, figs. 2, 2 a (larva) ; C. 4" S. no. 2627.
Sypna lugena, Wlk. Cat. xxxiii, p. 938.
Dark brown ; head and thorax irrorated with gi'ey ; the abdomen
blackish. Fore wing uniformly coloured and irrorated with grey
in the form reversa; in mezentia with indistinct subbasai ante-
medial, medial, double postmedial, and submarginal waved lines
slightly outlined with grey or ochreous ; a broad medial grey or
ochreous band with the reniform spot on it; an ill-defined semi-
circular apical grey or ochreous patch. Hmd wing blacl., slightly,
shot with blue and with a large apical white patch. Underside of
fore wing with a broad postmedial white band not reaching the

''"iarya. Olive-grev with numerous longitudinal lines; a paler
lateral band ; underside pinkish ; the anal somite with two dorsal
yeUow tubei'cles; head yeUowish with black hues. Food-plant,

Canthium. ^„ -it

Hab. Madras ; Ceylon. Eccp. 58-64 milhm.

no. 2624. ^ „-,„

Nootua tigrina, Fabr. Spec. Ins. p.jl^.
Achfea cateUa, Gue7i. Noct. in, p. ^4/.

Catocala traveisii, Fereday, Trans. N. Z. Inst.xx, p. pi- u.
Pnle reddish brown. Fore wing with the markings usually

X; with black suffusion inside them ; a speck at e^^d of ^^^^^^
costa; two crenulate medial lines on each wmg.

OPHiusA. 495

Larva bluish grey speckled with blue-black ; lateral and sub-
lateral yellowish bands with intervening blue-grey line ; a dorsal
black stripe bordered by reddish-white spots between 4th and 5th
somites ; a pair oi: dorsal red tubercles on anal somite ; spiracles
and fore legs red ; the head black-striped.

Hah. Ethiopian, Oriental, and Australasian regions. Exp. GO-
TO millim.

2484. Ophmsa serva, Fabr. Syst. Ent. p. 593 ; Moore, Lep. Ceyl. iii,

pi. 169, figs. 4, 4 «, 6 ; C. S. no. 2628.
Noctna vulpina, Fabr. Ent. Syst. iii, 2, p. 39.
Noctua mercatoria, Fahr. Ent. Syst. iii, p. 62.
Achaja ino, Hiibn. Verz. p. 269.
Acheea fasciculipes, Wlk. Cat. xiv, p. 1400.

Acliaja nubifera, Moore, P. Z. S. 1877, p. 609, pi. 69, fig. 9 ;
C. ^ S. no. 2626.

Differs from melicerte in being usually more uniform pale
brick-red, with the markings of the fore wing indistinct ; the ante-
medial, medial, and postmedial lines are waved and often double.
Hind wing with the medial band less prominent ; the marginal
spots smaller, that at anal angle obsolescent.

The form fasciculipes is large and dark.

Hah. Peninsular India ; Ceylon ; Burma ; Borneo ; Java; Celebes;
New Hebrides; Australia. Exp. 50-76 millim.

2485. OpMusa illibata, Fahr. Syst. Ent. p. 592 ; C. 8f S. no. 2622.
Hemeroblemma peropaca, Hiibn. Zutr. iii, p. 33, figs. 541, 642.
Ophisma IsetabiUs, Guen. Noct. iii, p. 241.

Ophisma contenta, Wlk. Cat. xiv, p. 1381 ; C. ^ S. no. 2614.

Pale rufous. Eore wing with short subbasal and oblique ante-
medial dark lines on pale reddish bands ; the reniform large with
a dark line in it ; three indistinct waved postmedial lines on pale
reddish suffusion and one submarginal line ; a large semicircular
patch with white edges at apex. Abdomen and hind wing fuscous
brown, the latter with indistinct pale medial line ; the margin grey
except at apex.

Hah. China; throughout India, Ceylon, and Burma. Exp.
72 millim.

2486. Ophiusa circumsignata, Guen. Nod. iii, p. 255; C. & S.

no. 2634.

Pale ochreous brown. Fore wing with waved subbasal line;
an antemedial hne angled in the cell; traces of some whitish
medial suffusion ; a dark speck at end of cell ; two curved and
waved postmedial lines ; an apical brown patch with ochreous
edges, three specks on the costa and some whitish suffusion on it ;
the margin whitish with a series of marginal black specks. Hind
wing with indistinct curved medial line and black spot at anal
angle ; the margin whitish with a series of black specks.

Hah. Sylhet. Exp. 50 milHm.

496

NOOTUIDjE.

2487. Ophiusa palumta, Guen. Nod. iii, p. 211 ; Moore, Lep. Ceyl.

iii, pi. 168, figs. 1, 1 a, 6 (larva) ; C. ^ S. no, 2641.
Remigia colligens, Wlh. Cat. xxxiii, p. 1019.

Brownish grey. Fore wing slightly suffused with purple and
irrorated with black ; indistinct waved subbasal and antemedial
lines ; a small fuscous reniform spot, often obsolete ; the post-
medial line angled below costa, then indistinct and crenulate, with
a series of black specks on the nervules ; a slightly sinuous
indistinct or prominent brown submarginal line ; an almost mar-
ginal series of minute specks ; some grey on cilia and margin.
Hind wing with indistinct antemedial line ; some fuscous post-
medial suffusion and a series of small white lunules with fer-
ruginous suffusion beyond them towards inner margin ; some grey
on margin and cilia and fuscous marks towards anal angle.

Larva with the 1st pair of abdominal prolegs aborted and two
dorsal humps on anal somite ; brownish ochreous above, olive
beneath ; some dorsal and lateral black-speckled streaks ; a sub-
lateral whitish Hue with some pinkish spots above it.

Hah. Throughout India, Ceylon, and Burma ; Singapore ; Java.
Exp. 38-52 millim.

2488. Ophiusa rigidistria, Guen. Noct. iii, p. 240; C. 8i S. no. 2619.
Naxia calefaciens, Wlk. Cat. xiv, p. 1406; Moore, Lep. Ceyl. in,

pi. 168, fig. 3; C.^S. no. 2633.

Bronze-brown. Tore wing with a white speck in the cell ; an
erect straight medial whitish band with a dark line on its outer
edge ; an indistinct dark waved submarginal line ; a marginal
series of black specks. Abdomen and hind wing dark fuscous ;
the latter with traces of medial and submarginal pale lines; a
marginal series of black specks. Underside with two waved post-
medial lines to each wing.

Hab. Sylhet ; Eangoon ; Ceylon. Eiep. 56 miUim.

2489. Ophiusa certior, Wlk. Cat. xiv, p. 1381 ; C. §■ & no. 2615.

Differs from rigidistria in the antemedial line of the fore wing
being more waved and oblique ; no white speck in the cell or
medial whitish band ; a small reniform with dark outlme ; the
straight line postmedial, and the dentate line beyond it arising
from the apex. Hind wing with the medial whitish baud ni ore
prominent ; outer margin and cilia of both wings brown. Under-
side uniform pale brown.

Hab. Moulmein. Ex2y. 70 millim.

2490. Ophiusa dotata, Fabr. Ent. Syst. iii, 2, p. 65 ; C. S>- S. no. 2596.
Differs from certior in having the ante- and postmedial lines of

fore wing very oblique, the former not waved, the latter very
slightly; the reniform broken up into two spots; a prominent
marginal grey band with a waved line on it. Hind wing Mith

opHiusA. 497

prominent medial incomplete white band ; the margin and cilia
whitish. Underside with the basal area of both wings pale.

Hob. Throughout India, Ceylon, and Burma. Exp. 72-
82 millim.

2491. Ophiusa submira, Wlk. Cat. xiv, p. 1389; C. ^ S. no. 2684.

Differs from clotata in being much darker red-brown. Fore
wing with the costal and medial areas suffused with bluish white ;
the reniform entire; the ante- and postmedial Hnes dark, the
latter excurved beyond the cell; the submarginal line farther
from the margin, the area beyond it rufous with the marginal line
more dentate. Abdomen and hind wing dark reddish fuscous,
the latter without the white medial band ; the cilia and underside
ochreous.

Mab. Sylhet ; Burma : Travancore. Exp. 72 millim.

2492. Ophiusa adnsta, Moore, Lev. Atk. p. 169, pi. 6, fig 11 • C Sc S

no. 2600. ' > 6 , • ;

Minucia pnmicolor, Moore, Lep. Ceyl. iii, p. 160, pi. 167, fiff 3-
C. ^ S. no. 2606. ' ^ ^ ' ^ ^ > b ,

Head and thorax bright rufous ; the shaft of antenna whitish ;
abdomen brownish fuscous. Pore wing bright rufous, suffused
with purpHsh as far as the postmedial line and beyond the sub-
marginal ; an outwardly oblique antemedial hue joined at inner
margin by the obhquely waved postmedial line ; the reniform with
rufous outline ; a double submarginal straight line and marginal
dentate line. Hind ^ving brownish ochreous; the inner 'area
clothed with fuscous hair ; a broad diffused submarginal fuscous
band. Underside brownish ochreous ; fore wing with the cell and
a submarginal patch fuscous.

Eab. Assam ; Nilgiris ; Ceylon. Exp. 66 miUim.

2493. Ophiusa cuprea, Moore, P. Z. S. 1867, p. 74 ; C. 8^ S. no. 2602.
Head, thorax, and fore wing fuscous or brownish grey. Fore

wing with indistinct short waved subbasal line; an "inwardly
oblique, shghtly sinuous, rufous antemedial line ; the orbicular a
speck ; reniform with rufous edge ; the postmedial line inwardly
oblique and shghtly curved ; the submai-ginal line angled below
the costa, the angle filled in with black, and with black above it ;
a marginal dentate line and series of grey specks. Abdomen and
hind wmg brownish fuscous, the latter with the basal area palest :
the ciHa pale.

Hah. Formosa; N.W. and E. Himalayas; Bengal; Central
India. Exp. 60 miUim.

2494. Ophiusa indistincta, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 169, pi. 6, fie 12 •

C. ^ S. no. 2605. ^ , v , ^. ,

Ophiodes fervida, Butl. P. Z. S. 1883, p. 164 ; C. ^ S. no. 2604.

Differs from cvprea in being redder; the fore wing more
VOL. II. 2 k

498

irrorated with black ; the ante- and postmedial lines indistinct,
the latter with a dark mark at costa ; the suhmarginal Hne
angled outwards at vein 4 as well as 6, and with black iuner edge
throughout.

Hah. Simla. Exp. 50 millim.

2495. Ophiusa mejanesi, Guen. Nod. iii, p. 232.
Ophisma expedita, Wlk. Cat. xiv, p. 1375.
Ophiusa tumidiUnea, Wlk. Cat. xiy, p. 1433 ; C. S. no. 2611.

Head and thorax reddish chocolate ; shaft of antennae white ;
abdomen fuscous. Fore wing reddish chocolate irrorated with
dark specks ; a short indistinct siibbasal hne ; an outwardly
obhque, slightly sinuous, ochreous antemedial hne; the orbicukar
and reniform dark with ochreous edges, the former minute ; an
ochreous postmedial hne excurved beyond tbe cell, then smuous
to inner margin, often with an indistinct series of fuscous
spots beyond it ; a suhmarginal line angled out\vards at vein 6,
then sinuous to inner margin in the typical form, straight in
tumidiUnea, the area beyond it purphsh grey, often mth black
specks between the veins towards inner margin; a crenulate
marginal line. Hind wing with the basal area whitish, more or
less suffused with fuscous ; the outer area fuscous black ; ciha
white, dark at centre. Underside with the basal area of both
wings' white with a cell-spot, the outer area fuscous.

Hab. W. Africa; "N. India"; throughout W. and S. India.
Exi^. 54 millim.

2496. Ophiusa ahsentimacula, Guen. Nod. iii, p. 255; C. S, S.

no. 2632.

Pale red-brown. Fore wing \Adth a broad greyish medial band,
with a straight dark line on its inner edge and a smuous hne on
its outer; a slightly obhque and sinuous postmedial line: a sub-
marginal series of pale specks and marginal series of dark specks.
Hind wing pale fuscous ; a broad diffused submargmal band, very

wide at apex. _ _^

Hah. Assam ; Ceylon ; Andamans : Java. E.vp. 50 millim.

2497. Ophiusa duplex, Moore, P. Z. S. 1883, p. 26, pi. 6, fig. 4;

C. 8,- S. no. 2635.

Differs from absenthnacida in the medial line of the fore wing
heing straight ; the postmedial hne highly angled below costa and

shghtly waved.

Hab. Sikhim. E.vp. 58 milhm.

2498. Ophiusa acuta, Moore, P. Z. S. 1883, p. 27, pi. 6, fig. 6 ; C. ^- S.

no. 2664. • .

Differs from dupUv in the postmedial line of fore wmg not

being waved.

Hab. Khasis. E.vp. 62 miUun.

0PHIT7SA.

499

2499. OpMusa maturescens, Wlk Cat. xiv, p. 1382 ; C. ^ S. no.

2018.

Dark red-brown. Pore wing with an erect antemedial line
M-ith some violaceous suffusion beyond it ; a postmedial line very
highly angled at vein 6, where it is almost met by an oblique dark
streak from the apex with indented edge and with the area beyond
it paler, with traces of a dentate line on it ; three ochreous specks
on the costa before apex. Hind wing with the central part of
outer area paler.

Eab. Sikhim ; Sylhet. Exjj. 52 millim.

2500. OpMusa arcuata, Moore, P. Z. S. 1877, p. 609 : id. Lep. Ceyl.

iii, pi. 171, fig. 3 ; C. 4'- 8. no. 2663.

Differs from maturescens in having the antemedial line of the
fore wing sinuous ; a curved medial line beyond the violaceous band
meeting the angled postmedial line at costa and inner margiu ; the
outer edge of the oblique apical streak excised.

Hah. Throughout India, Ceylon, and Burma ; Audamans ; Java.
Exp. 48-54 millim.

2501. OpMusa maturata, Wlk. Cat. xiv, p. 1382; C. 8f S. no. 2617.
Ophiusa fnlcata, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 171, pi. 6, fio-. 14 : C. * S.

no. 2668.

Differs from maturescens in the basal area of fore \ving being
greyer ; the outer edge of the A'iolaceous suffusion defined by a
straight line ; the apical streak straight.

Hab. Khasis; Calcutta; Bombay; Nilgiris; Penang. Exp.
52 miUim.

2502. OpMusa renalis, n. sp.

Differs from maturesceiis in the head, thorax, and fore wing
being golden brown ; the antemedial line more oblique : a sinuous
medial line interrupted by a large reniform spot; the postmedial
line not quite so much angled ; the apical streak straight.

Hab. Sikhim ; Bombay. Exp. 48 millim. Type in B. M.

2503. OpMusa joviana, Cram. Pap. E.xot. iv, pi. 399 B ; Moore, Lep.

Ceyl. iii, pi. 170, figs. 9, 9 a (larva) ; C. ^- S. no. 2670.
Noctua sinuata, Fabr. Mant. his. ii, p. 146.
Ophiusa myops, Gtten. Nout. iii, p. 265.

Differs from arcuata in the basal area of the iove wing being
violaceous ; the antemedial line curved ; the postmedial line with a
sinuatiou between the angle and inner margin and with some
specks beyond it instead of the dentate line.

Larva with the first two pairs of abdominal prolegs rudimentary ;
bluish grey above, yellowish beneath and sparsely spotted with
black ; a lai'ger sublateral spot on 4th somite ; two red dorsal
tubercles on 11th somite; head grey, spotted with black. Pupa
with white eifloreocenco. Pood-plant, Phyllanllms.

2k2

500

KOOTUIBjE.

Hah. Throughout India, Ceylon, and Burma ; Andamans ; Java.
Exf. 50-54 millim.

2504. Ophiusa simillima, Gum. Nod. iii, p. 266; Moore, Lep. Ceyl.

iii, pi. 170, tig. 8 ; C.S(S. no. 2674.

Differs from joviana in the antemedial line being curved and with
Bome dark suffusion inside it; some dark suffusion instead of the
dark patch inside the postmedial line, which Las two slight angles
in it beyond the cell ; the apical streak slight ; an indistinct dentate
submarginal line. Hind wing with the cilia pale below the apex.

Hah. Sylhet ; Ceylon. ExjJ. 42 millim.

2505. Ophiusa algira, Linn. Syst. Nut. i, p. 836.

Noctua achatina, Sidz. Abg. Ges. Ins. p. IbO, pi. 22, fig. 4 ; L. b.

^^"c tufstuposa, J-aSr. ^1^2, p. 42 ; Moore, Lep. Ceyl.

NocUi^'tllangSaii, Jlifbn.' SammL Eur. Schmett., Noet. pi. 66,
fig. 323.

Ophiusa torrida, Gucn. Noct. iii, p. 269.
Ophiusa alhivitta, Guen. Noct. iii, p. 271 ; C. ^ S. no. 2659.
Ophiusa festina, Wlk. Cat. xiv, p. 1425.
Ophiu.'ia properans, Wlk. Cat. xiv, p. Mifa.
Ophiusa festinata, Wllc. Cat. xiy, p. 1432 _ „ „ ^p-o
Ophiusa properata, Wlk. Cat. xiv, p. 1433 j C. no 26/3.
Ophiusa olyinpia, Swinh. P. ■^-'S- 1885, P- 466 ; C 6 no 2672
Dysgonia latifascia, Warr. P. Z. 8. 1888, p. 316; C. ^ S. no.
*2670 A.

Differs from arcuata in the antemedial line o£ the fore wing being
erect and having a broad, white, slightly suffused band beyond it
which varies in ^dth; the postmedial line angled also between

Fig. 280. — Ophiusa algira, S . \.
veins 3 and 4 and sinuous towards inner margin ; the apical streak
iroken up into two spots. Hind wing with a white medial band ,

^nth^frmto^-^^Sr"^^^^^

» fv^rn S Africa the antemedial line is curved.
^'l^X'm\r^t. hlrthe t dial band of the fore wing broad and
outwardly diffused ; the postmeclial --j ^ ;;„f tliroutor

OPHTUSA.

501

line excurved into a quadrate fonu between veins 6 and 4 instead
of having the two angles, and reaching the margin nearer the outer
angle, so that the dark patch is very broad.

Hab. Europe ; Africa ; Mauritius ; Japan ; China ; throughout
India, Ceylon, and Burma. Eocp. 42-46 millim.

2506. Ophiusa arctotania, Guen. Noct. iii, p. 272; C. S. no. 2662.

Differs from algira in the postmedial line of the fore wing being
prominently white from the costa to the angle at vein 6 ; the
medial white band always well defined, narrow, and of almost even
width throughout.

Hah. Throughout India, Ceylon, and Burma ; Java. Exp.
52 millim.

2507. OpHnsa mirabilis, Stand., Romamf, Mem. ii, p. 78, pi. iv, fig. 5.
Ophiusa triangulata, Sxcinh. P. Z. S. 1889, p. 414, pi. 43, fig. 5.

Differs from arctotcenia in being grey-brown ; the postmedial
line white throughout and produced to an angle near outer margin
between veins 3 and 4 ; an indistinct submarginal white dentate
line ; the veins whitish beyond the postmedial line. Hind wing
with traces of a dentate submai'ginal line towards anal angle.

Hah. Amm* ; Karachi. Exp. 44 millim,

2508. Ophiusa conficiens, Wlk. Cat. xiv, p. 14.32 ; Bull. III. Het. vi,

pi. 112, fig. 5 ; C.^ S. no. 2665.

Black. Eore wing with the medial white band tinged with
ochreous, narrow, well-defined and obhque ; the postmedial line
white, angled close to outer margin on vein 6, then sinuous and
excurved to near the margin from veins 4 to 2 ; the margin
ouhreous white, with a series of black specks. Hind wing fuscous
black, with white medial band ; the margin and cilia ochreous
white, with a black spot and few blue scales near vein 2.

Hah. N.W. Himalayas ; Bombay. Exp. 56 millim.

2509. Ophiusa analis, auen. Noct. iii, p. 271 ; C. 8f S. no. 2661.

Differs from arctotcBnia in the white band of the fore wing being
wider at the costa ; the postmedial Line more produced at vein 6, so
that the white band on it is longer ; the apical streak sti-aight and
diffused towards tlie costa. Hind wing with a black and white
spot on outer margin at vein 2.

Eab. China; throughout India, Ceylon, and Burma; Java.
Exp. 50 millim.

2510. Ophiusa crameri, Moofe, Lop. Ceyl. iii, p. 177, pi. 171, fig. 2'

C. ^ S. no. 2666.

Dysgonia discalis, Moore, Lep. Ceyl. iii, p. 177, pi. 171, fig. 8 ;
C. Sf S. no. 2667.

Differs from analis in the postmedial line having the white band
reduced to a line, and being slightly outlined with purplish grey
from the angle to inner margin.

502

The variety discalis has the whole of the dark patch between the
white band and the postmedial line suifused with purplish white.

Ilab. Throughout India, Ceylon, and Burma ; Andamans. Exp.
63 millim.

2511. Ophiusa amygdalis, Moore, Le]}. Cetjl. iil, p. 651, pi. 214, fig. 3;

C. Sf S. no. 26G0.

Differs from maturescens (p. 499) in being suffused with lilacine
grey. Eore wing with the antemedial line bent outwards below the
cell ; the apical streak with its outer edge indented ; three white
specks on the costa before apex.

Hah. Sikhim; Nilgiris; Travancore ; Ceylon. £'.i;2'. 52 millim.

2512. Ophiusa onelia, Guen. Nod. iii, p. 256; C. 8,- S. no. 2637;

Moore, Lep. Ceijl. iii, pi 170, figs. 1,1 b (larva).
Naxia lageos, Guen. Noct. iii, p. 256.
Ophiusa umbi osa, Wlk. Cat. xxxiii, p. 968.
OiAiusa kiteipalpis, Wlk. Cat. xxxiii, p. 968 ; C. S. no. 2671.
Ophiusa ohuLubrata, Wlk. Cat. xxxiii, p. 969.

Dark grey-brown with a purplish tinge ; the head and collar
usually fulvous. Pore wing suffused with brown ; subbasal, ante-
and postmedial indistinct waved lines and antemedial and medial
ill-defined grey bands ; a grey apical patch with Avhitish edges, and
a sinuous dark line from it to inner margin ; an indistinct dentate
submarginal line ; the margin grey. Hind wing with traces of
medial and submarginal pale lines near inner margin ; the outer
margin grey.

iflwawith the 1st two pau-s of abdominal prolegs rudimentary;
greyish white above ; olive-grey below, with black spots in some-
what Hnear series on each somite ; a reddish lateral spot on 4th
somite. Pupa efflorescent. Eood-plant, Phyllanthus.

Hob. China ; throughout India, Ceylon, and Burma ; Penang ;
Java. Exp- 44-46 millim.

B. Tlie hind iving orange.

2513.

Ophiusa coronata, Fabr. Syst. Ent. p. 596; Monre, Lep- Ceyl.

iii, pi. 167, fig. 1, and pi. 166, fig. 5 (larva) ; C. S>- S. no. 2o9o.
Noctua leonina, Fcibr. t. c. p. 596.
Noctua ancilla, Fabr. Ent. Syst. ni, 2, p. 1/.
Coryciamagica, Hnbn. Zutr. iii, p. 32, figs. 53o, 536.

Head and thorax pale reddish bro^vn ; abdomen orange, the
segments fringed with black. Pore wing irrorated with dark
spicks: a short subbasal dark line ; an outwardly-oblique, shghtly
sinuous, antemedial line ; the orbicular small, round and grey ; the
reniform large and chocolate, ringed with grey or broken up into
g::;or chocolate grey-ringed spots ; a ^^^^^ y "-ardly-obhqu^^
postmedial line; a pale submarginal hne, slightly bent below the
Lsta. Hind wing orange, with broad medial 'J-^ -'f "J-?"-
fuscous black bands not reaching inner margin, the lattei widest

OPHIUSA.

503

towards costa. Underside orange ; the costal and outer areas of
both wings dark-speekled, and with a slight reddish suffusion ; a
black patch near outer angle of fore wing.

Larva dull sienna-brown longitudinally striped with black-
brown ; a dorsal black spot on 8th somite ; paired black dorsal
tubercles on 10th and 11th somites ; a lateral yellow-edged spot
on 5th somite ; underside dark ; head striped with black. Food
plant, Quisqualis indica.

Hab. Throughout India, Ceylon, and Burma ; Andamans ; Java ;
Australia. Exp. 82-96 millim.

2514. OpMusa discriminans, Wlk. Cat. xiv, p. 1358; Htnpsn. III.

Ret. ix, pi. 165, fig. 13 ; C. ^ S. no. 2603.

Head and thorax reddish orange ; palpi grey ; sides of head
chestnut; abdomen orange, with a black dorsal patch near ex-
tremity. Fore wing greenish orange, the outer third reddish,
slightly irrorated with black ; a faint outwardly- oblique, sinuous
antemedial line, and inwardly-oblique crenulate postmedial line ;
the orbicular a dark speck ; the reniform grey with dark edge ;
two grey and black subapical spots ; a series of grey submarginal
specks and large grey patch at outer angle ; the cilia grey. ■ Hind
wing orange, with broad submarginal fuscous-black baud.

Hab. Ceylon. Exp. 65 millim.

2515. OpMusa indiscriminata, Hmpsn. III. Bet. ix, p. Ill, 1. 176,

tig. 23 (larva).

Minucia discriminans, Moore, Lei). Ceyl. iii, pi. 166, fig. 4 {nec Wlk.).

Differs from discriminans in the head and thorax being yellowish
grey ; abdomen without the black patch. Fore wing yellowish
grey without black specks ; a maculate line beyond the post-
medial line ; a grey and dark patch beyond the subapical spots,
and hardly a trace of the patch at anal angle ; a dentate sub-
marginal line with the area beyond it reddish. Hind wing with
the black reduced to a submarginal medial patch.

Larva pale brown, with numerous waved longitudinal black
lines, between which are series of black specks ; some red between
each pair of legs, and a black patch between each pair of prolegs ;
small paired dorsal prominences on 11th somite.

Hab. Ceylon. E.vp. 76 millim.

2516. OpMusa tirrhaca, Cram. Pap. Exot. ii, pi. 172, fig. E.
Noctua vesta, Esp. Schmett. Eur. iv, pi. 141, fig. 1.
Noctua olivacea, Vill. Ent. Linn. ii. p. 270, pi. 5, tig. 9.

Noctua auriculaiis, Hiibn. Samml. Eur. Schmett., Nuct. pi. 66.

fig. 321. ^ '

Ophiodes hottentota, Guen. Noct. iii, 229.
Ophiodes separans, Wlk. Cat. xiv, p. 1357 ; C. S. no. 2608.

Head and thorax greenish yellow ; abdomen orange. Fore wino-
greenish yellow, with slightly darker striaj; an indistinct out-
wardly-oblique antemedial line meeting a sinuous inwardly-
oblique postmedial line arising from a dark spot on the costa at

504

NOOTUlDiE.

inner margin ; the orbicular a dark speck ; reniform brown ; an
irregularly dentate submarginal line, with two black subapical
lunules on it; the area beyond it reddish; a crenulate marginal
line. Hind wing orange, with broad submarginal black band not
reaching costa or inner margin and sometimes almost obsolete.

Hob. Europe ; S. Africa ; Madagascar ; throughout India.
Exp. 64-80 millim.

0. Hind iving crimson.

2517. OpMusa honesta, Hiibn. Samml. Exot. Schmett. ii, Index, p. 4,
pi. 203, figs. 1, 2 ; C. Sc S. no. 2598.
Noctua microrheea (?), Fabr. Ent. Syst. iii, 2, p. 17.

Head and thorax reddish chestnut ; the third joint of palpi
black ; abdomen crimson. Fore wing reddish chestnut, slightly
irrorated with dark scales ; traces of a sinuous antemedial line
with three white specks on it ; reniform grey, the lower part more
or less completely filled in with black ; a curved postmedial series
of white specks with an indistinct band beyond it angled at vein 6
and met by a dark streak from the apex ; a marginal series of
specljs. Hind wing crimson, with black submarginal medial

patch. 1 -n

Hah. Philippines ; throughout India, Ceylon, and Burma ;

Andamans. Exp. 84-104 millim.

Sect. II. Males with a cleft running the whole length of the
mid tibia and containing a mass of floccident scales.

2518. Ophiusa fulvotaenia, Guen. Noct. iii, p. 272 ; Moore, Lep. Ceyl.
iii, pi. 171, fig. 1 ; C.^S. no. 2669.

Differs from aximeri (p. 501) in being red-brown. Fore wing yth
the medial band suffused with purplish; the postmediaUine dark
throughout, and with an indistinct dentate line beyond it. Hmd
wine with a medial orange band, wide towards the costa.

Hah. Japan ; China ; Formosa ; throughout India, Ceylon, aud
Burma ; Sumatra ; Java. Exp. 70-80 millim.

Sect. III. Male with a large tuft of hair on fore femora.

2519. OpMusa trapezium, Guen. Noct. iii, p. 231 ; C. S,- S. no. 2609.
Ophisma cognata, B^'^k. Cat. xxxm, p. 958.
Head and thorax pale rufous ; abdomen pale fuscous ; the
femoral tuEts black. Fore wing greenish ochreous irrorated witli
dark scales; an outwardly-oblique antemedial dark line ; a dark
speck representing the orbicular; tl^e^-e"! o^-"^.^^'?^^ j.^J^
centre aid edge; an obliquely curved postmed.al 1"^^ j/^ ^"^^^^
straight submarginal line, the area beyond it reddish suffused
with purple with a dentate marginal line. Hind %^ing whitish,

OPHIUSA. — lAGOPTEEA.

505

with the outer area fuscous. Underside whitish ; the costal and
outer areas of both wings brownish and dark-speckled ; fore wing
with a fuscous submarginal band.

Hah. Assam ; "Nilgiris ; Travancore ; Ceylon. Exj). 66 milhm.

2520. Ophiusa triphaenoides, Wlk. Cat. xiv, p. 1358 ; C. ^ S. no.

2610.

Head and thorax grey; palpi dark; abdomen fuscous. Tore
wing violaceous grey irrorated with dark scales ; the costa
ochreous ; an antemedial, outwardly-oblique, slightly curved, pale
and rufous line ; the orbicular a black speck ; reniform brown
with dark outline ; a postmedial, pale and rufous, inwardly-obhque, .
slightly sinuous line ; a submarginal sinuous line angled outwards
at vein 6, the angle filled in witli black and with black above it.
Hind wing with the basal area brownish ochreous, the outer area
fuscous black; cilia white towards apex. Underside with the
basal area ochreous white, the outer fuscous.

Hah. Formosa ; N.W. and E. Himalayas ; Bengal ; W. and S.
India. Exp. 60 millim.

Genus LAGOPTEEA.
Lagoptera, Guen. Noct. iii, p. 223 (1852).
Type, L. juno, Dalm.

Eange. W. Africa ; Japan ; China ; Himalayas ; Nilgiris ; Aus-
tralia.

DifEers from Ophiusa in the abdomen being clothed with coarse
hair on the back and sides, the lateral tufts in the male being
large ; mid and hind tibia? spined. Fore wing narrower, with the
costa more arched near base, then nearly straight to apex, in the
male slightly excised ; the apex more produced, and outer margin
more obUque. Hind wing of male with very long radiating hair
on inner margin ; vein 1 a fringed with hair below.

2521. Lagoptera juno. Balm. Anal. Entom. p. 52.

Ophideres elegans, Van der Hoev. Tijd. Nat. Gesch. vii, p. 280,

pi. 6, figs, fi, «, 6 ; C. Sr S. no. 2597.
Lagoptera midticolor, Guen. Noct. iii, p. 226.

Head and thorax chestnut or grey-brown ; abdomen crimson
with lateral white specks, the dorsum grey-brown except the
terminal segment. Fore wing chestnut, grey-brown, or ochreous
brown ; a short subbasal rufous line ; an antemedial, slightly
sinuous, outwardly-oblique line ; the orbicular a speciv ; reniform
with indistinct outline, and often with black spots in both upper
and lower portions ; an outwardly-oblique, slightly sinuous, post-
medial rufous Hne ; a curved line from apex to outer angle ; the
inner margin rufous. Hind wing with the basal area black, with
bluish-white ill-defined medial baud not reaching costa or inner
margin ; the outer area crimson, with a patch of black specks at

506

NOCTUIDiE.

centre. Underside crimson ; the apical areas blaclf-speclded : fore
wing with cell-spot and submarginal medial black patch.

Hah. Japan ; China ; throughout the Himalayas ; Nilgiris.
Exp. 90-lUO millim.

Genus ISOTJRA, nov.

Type, /. fuscicollis, Butl.
Mange. N.W. Himalayas.

Differs from Ojyhiusa in the abdomen being flattened ; the fore
wing of almost even width throughout ; tibiae of male very hairy,
without spines.

2522. Isoura fuscicollis, Butl. III. Set. vii, p. 56, pi. 127, fig. 4.

Head, collar, and fore legs dark chocolate ; thorax reddish grey ;
abdomen dull yellow, reddish brown at extremity. Fore wing

'F\g. 282.— Isoura fuscicollis, (S . \.

reddish grey, sometimes irrorated with a few black scales ; an ob-
lique, slightly waved, indistinct autemedial line, and slightly curved
postmedial line with a black spot on it towards inuer niargin ; a
marginal series of minute specks ; cilia red-brown. Hind wing
bright yellow, with a doubly-curved postmedial black band from
vein 7 to anal angle ; a marginal band from apex to vein 2.

ISOTJEA. — m'P JEI B A .

507

Underside with complete postmedial band to both wings ; bind
wing with a cell-spot.

Hah. Dbarmsala. E.vp. 52 millim.

Genus HYP^TRA.

Hypastra, Guen. Nod. in, p. 259 (1852).
Avatha, Wlk. Cat. xiii, p. 1106 (1857).
Pseudatbyrma, Butl. Ann. N. H. 1892, p. 299.

Type, H. noctuoides, Guen.

Eanc/e. Khasis ; Sylhet ; Nilgiris ; Ceylon ; Burma ; Andamans ;
Sumatra ; Java ; Borneo ; Society Islands.

Palpi upturned and met by a sharp frontal tuft, the 2nd joint
reaching vertex of bead and roughly scaled, the 3rd long and
obliquely porrect ; antennae usually minutely ciliated ; thorax and
abdomen smoothly scaled ; the fore tibiae fringed with long hair in
male ; the mid tibiae spined. Fore wing with the apex somewhat
rounded.

Sect. I. {Hypa'tra). Males with the subcostal neuration of fore
wing not distorted, and without sexual patches on fore and
bind wing.

A. Antennce of male minutely ciliated.

252-3. Hypsetra noctuoides, Guen. Nod. ill,' p. 259; C. ^. S. no. 2646.

Pale red-brown ; palpi black at sides. Fore wing with very
indistinct subbasal, antemedial, medial, postmedial, and sub-
marginal waved lines ; the 1st, 2nd, and rtth arising from blackish
patches on the costa ; the antemedial line with a large pale-edged
black lunule on it below the cell; the postmedial wath a double
curve beyond the cell, the lower including a grey patch.

Hob, Sylhet; Burma; Java. Exp. A6 xmWim,

2524. Hypastra includens, Wlk. Cat. xiii, p. 1107; C. ^- S. no. 2654 ;

Moore, Lep. Ceyl. iii, pi. 170, fig. 6.
Hypsetra trigonifeva, ivik. Cat. xiv, p. 1411 ; C. ^- S. no. 2655.
Plypoetra complacens, Wlk. Cat. xiv, p. 1414.

Differs fi-om noduoides in the fore wing being greyer and more
suffused with fnscous ; the spots on the costa absent ; the lunule
on the antemedial line sometimes obsolescent ; a dark spot in the
cell ; the postmedial line S-shaped beyond the cell with a blackish
patch in its upper curve. Hind wing with the cilia whitish at
apex and near anal angle.

Hab. Mlgiris; Ceylon; Java; Society Islands. ^i7p. 40-46 miUim.

2525. HypsBtra curvifera, Wlk. Cat. xiv, p. 1412; Moore, Lep. Ceyl.

iii, pi. 170, fig. 4 ; C.^- 8. no. 2650.
Ophiusa frontalis, Wlk. Cat. xiv, p. 14-34 ; C. ^ S. no. 2653.
Achasa expectans, Wlk. Cat. xv, p. 1827 ; C. i^- S. no. 2052.

Differs from includens in being greyish, reddish, or very dark

508

NOCTUID^.

brown, much irrorated with Hack. Pore wing with the lines
almost or quite obsolete, the postmedial being most distinct ; the
black patches absent and only re])resented by a fuscous patch
beyond the cell, sometimes conjoined to a triangular shade on the
costa.

Hah. Nilgiris ; Ceylon. Exp. 46 millim.

2526. Hypsetra bubo, mibn. Zutr. iv, p. 13, figs. 633, 634.

Hvptetra perticiens, Wlk. Cat. xiv, p. 1412 ; C. ^- S. no. 2647.
Plypajtra condita, IFlli. Cat. xiv, p. 1413 ; C. ^- S. no. 2649.

Differs from noduoides in the
head, thorax, and fore wing
being purplish grey. Fore wing
with the medial and outer areas
palest ; the black luuules on the
antemedial and postmedial lines
extremely large and produced at
their angles; the lines more
distinct and dentate ; some pale
specks on the costa. Hind wing
with a diffused pale streak near anal angle ; the cilia pale at apex
and anal angle ; underside with a medial maculate line.

Bab. Shillong ; Nilgiris ; Ceylon ; Andamans. Ea^-p. 56 millim.

*2527. Hypaetra? remigioides, Gicen. Nod. iii, p. 230; C. <^ S.
no. 2607.

Head and thorax fleshy grey ; abdomen yellow, reddish below.
Eore wing grey ; the costa and markings of costal area velvety
brown ; the antemedial line straight and oblique, with dark suffu-
sion inside it, and with a pale-edged black patch inside it on
inner margin; the postmedial line waved, straight near costa;
reniform large and indistinct, \Aath a large bilobed patch below it,
from M'hich three waved lines run to inner margin ; orbicular a
omall ring-spot ; the submargiual line irregularly dentate, with a
black speck on each nervule. Hind wing fulvous yellow, with an
indistinct submargiual fuscous band with a line above it near inner
margin.

Hah. " Central India." E.vp. 55 millim.

Fig. 283.— Hi/pmira bubo, .

B. Antennoe of male ivitJi long branches on the outer sides, very short
branches and loncj stiff bristles on the inner side, a tuft of hair
on uppcrside of shaft near base.

2528. HypsBtra apicalis, ^foore, P. Z. S. 1879, p. 406, pi. 33, fig. 7.

Sphetta luoorei, Cotes c^- Stcinh. Cat. Moths Ind. p. ITJ. ; C. e,- H.
no. 1141.

Head and collar whitish ; palpi fuscous at sides ; thorax purplish
fuscous ; abdomen fuscous. Fore wing purplish fuscous, with very

HTP.ETRA. — ANEBEUTniNA.

indistinct waved snbbasal and antemedial lines ; a white spot in
cell ; the reuiform white, with an ill-delined whitish patch above
it ; some white specks on costa ; the postmedial line arising near
apex, slightly dentate and very obliquely curved to vein 2, then
straiglit to inner margin. Hind wing fuscous.
Hah. Sikhini ; Ceylon. Exp. 40 millim.

Sect. 11. {Pseudailiyrma). Fore wing of male with the subcostal
uervure curved downv.'ards and enclosing a large patch of
differently formed scales ; the subcostal nervules distorted ;
hind wing with a patch of difft^rently formed scales on the
outer margin between veins 5 and 6.

2529. Hypsetra complens, Wlk. Cat. xiv, p. 1415.
Cropia glaucofascia, Wlk. Cat. xv, p. 1804.

Hypretra stigmata, Moore, P. Z. S. 1877, p. 610 ; C. 4- 6^. no. 2648.
. Dark and red-brown. Fore wing with ill-defined snbbasal,
oblique ante- and postmedial, and waved submarginal lines, a dif-
fused dark patch below the cell inside the antemedial line ; some
specimens v,nth a medial ochreous band ; the postmedial with a black
irregular S-shaped mark beyond the cell, with a dark patch in its
lower bend ; a fuscous band beyond the postmedial line. Hind
wing with a dark streak at anal angle ; the cilia whitish at apex
and anal angle ; underside with cell-spot and medial series of spots.
Palpi white in front.
2 redder.

Hab. Andamans ; Sumatra. E.vp., J 40, $ 44 mdUm.

Genus ANEEEUTHINA.

Anereutliina, Hiibn. Zutr. ii, 23, no. 163 (1818).

Type, A. renosa, Hiibn., from Java.
Range. Burma ; Java.

Differs from Hypcetra in the tibiae being more hairy in both

Pig. 284. — Anereuthina Ulach, . \.

sexes ; the mid tibiae not spined. Hind wing with the anal angle
somewhat truncate and the outer margin slightly angled at vein 2.
Larvce with four pairs of abdominal prolegs, the first rudimentary.

510

NOCTUID^.

2530. Anereuthina lilach, Guen. Noct. iii. p. 260 ; C. 8,- S. no. 2645.
HypEetra ocularia, Stoin/i. Trans. Ent. Soc. 1890, p. 246, pi. 8, lag. 4.

Deep red-brown ; the palpi black at sides, the 3rd joint and fore
tibiiB grey. Fore wing slightly irrorated with grey, especially the
outer margin ; indistinct subbasal, antemedial, medial, postmedial,
and subraargiual lines, the antemedial line with a pale green patch
on it below the cell; the postmedial with two black specks at
lower angle of cell enclosed in a large green ocellus in female,
only the lower one enclosed in male ; the submargmal line with a
series of black specks. Abdomen and hind wing dark fuscous, the
latter irrorated with grey towards anal angle ; the cdia red-brown.

Hah. Bassein. Exp. 50 millim.

2531. Anereuthina xanthoptera, n. sp.

5 . Ochreous ; palpi grey with the base black. Fore wing
slightly irrorated with fuscous ; a black speck in cell ; slight
fuscous marks representing the postmedial line beyond cell and
above vein 1 ; two waved series of submarginal fuscous spots and
a series of grey marginal lunules. Hind wing with broad blackish
marginal baud decreasing in width to anal angle, and a grey
marginal waved line; cilia brownish. Underside with dittused
fuscous submarginal band to both wings.

Hab. Toungugoo, Burma. Exj^. 44 millim. Type m coU. Druce.

Genus SEERODES.
Sen'odes, Ghien. Noct. iii, p. 261 (1852).

Type, S. iiiara, Cram. . » . r

Eanr/e Africa; throughout the Oriental region ; Australia.

Differs from Anereuthina in the costa of the fore wing being
slightly arched before the apex ; the cUia of fore and hmd wings
strongly crenulate; the tibife extremely hairy in both sexes ; mid
tibia of male with dense long hair lying along their inner sides.

Larvw with four pairs of abdominal prolegs, the first rudimentary.

2532. Serrodes inara. Cram. Pap. Exot. iii, pl- 239 E ; C. j- S no 2631
Sen-odes campana, Guen. Noct. m, p. 252; Moore, Lep. Ceyl. ni,

pl.l67,figs.5,5«; C. ^- S. no. 2020.
Serrodes nigha, Gmcm. Noct. m, 2b6.

Ophiodes basisignmn, Wlk. Cat xiv p. 1359; C. c?- 5. no. 2601.
Plioberia korana, Feld. Seis. Nov. pl. 116, fag. S.
Head, thorax, and fore wing dark or red or grey-brown. Fore
wint with a subbasal dark red-brown ^po* « V^"' ? ;i W
w frnm its lower ed<Te ; a similar antemedial spot and large
rulfbdot%i7:ell with ahighl, excurved Hue from its lower
edae • the reniform broken up into a number of tesselated spot.
wi?h nale edges, and with rufous marks on the costa above it; a
double straight i ostmedial line, angled below the custa. Abdomen
and hind wing fuscous, ti,e latter with traces of a medial pale
liue ; the cilia pale at apex and anal angle.

SEEEODES. — BOEDUBA.

511

The form inara has the head, thorax, and fore wing pale lilaceous
grey, with all the markings of the fore wing slight ; campaiia has

Fig. 285. — Sen-odes inara, J. \.

the head, thorax, and basal and outer areas of fore wing brown
and the Jtiarldngs large ; nigJia is brown throughout.

ffab. Africa ; throughout India, Ceylon, and Burma ; Java ;
Borneo ; Australia. Exj). 52-74 milhm.

Genus DORDUEA.
Dordura, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 170 (1883).
Type, B. aliena, Wlk.

Range. Khasis ; Travancore; Ceylon; Burma; Gilolo.

Palpi with the 2nd joint reaching above vertex of head and
roughly scaled, the 3rd of moderate length and poiTect ; antennae
minutely cihated in male ; thorax and abdomen smoothly scaled ;
tibia? without spines ; fore and mid legs with long tufts of hair
from the femoro-tibial joint. Fore wing with the apex slightly
produced and acute.

2533. Dordura aliena, Wlk. Cat. xxxiii, p. 964 ; C. l^- S. no. 2656.

Dordura apicalis, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 170, pi. 5, fig. 20; C. ^ 8.
no. 2657.

Dysp^onia tincta, Hmpsn. HI. Het. ix, p. 112, pi. 165, fig. 3.
6 • Eeddish brown. Fore wing with waved subbasal line ; a
double antemedial line ; a dark spot in cell ; a postmedial line angled

Fig. 286. — Dordura aliena, . \.

outwards below costa, irregularly excurved beyond cell, then bent
inwards to below the narrow reniform spot, and straight and
double to inner margin ; a subtriangular chocolate mark with pale
edges on the costa before apex ; traces of a submarginal pale waved

512

NOOTtriDjE.

line ; a submargiual series o£ black specks. Hind wing witb the
apical area fuscous ; medial and postmedial ill-defined, waved, dark
lines, and submarginal series of black specks.

Some specimens have a medial ochreous band to fore wing.

$ with the markings of fore wing much less distinct ; the
triangular patch almost obsolete.

Hah. Khasis ; Travaucore ; Ceylon ; Eangoon ; Gilolo. Exp. 44

millim.

Genus DELGAMMA.
Delgamma, Moore, Lep. Ceyl. iii, p. 168 (1885).
Type, B. pangonia, Gruen.

Mange. Sylhet; Ceylon; Andamans; Borneo. , , , ,
Palpi upturned, the 2nd joint reaching vertex of head and
smoothly scaled, the 3rd of moderate length ; a short frontal
tuft ■ antenna fasciculate in male ; thorax and abdomen smoothly
scaled; tibia without spmes and moderately hairy ; hind tarsi with
the first ioint fringed above. Fore wing with the apex somewhat
acute Hind wing of male with the cell short and a large oval
depression beyond it, veins 6 and 7 being bent and approaching
vein 8 ; veins 4 and 5 depressed and running along 3 to near margin.

2534. Delgamma pangonia, Gam. JVoci. iii, p. 214.

DelgLma calovifica, Wlh. Cat. xiv, p. 1406; Moore, Lep. Ceyl.
ii!, pi. 168, figs. 4, 4«; C. ^ S. no. 2636.

Bright rufous brown; palpi and sides of frontal tuft black
^ ^ Pore wing with very indistinct

subbasal and antemedial waved
lines ; a black speck at middle
of cell and two at end of it ;
a nearly straight postmedial
whitish" line, the area beyond
it bright purple, with a den-
tate submarginal line and one
or two white-edged chocolate
apical patches ; a crenulate
marginal line ; the ciUa dark.
Fig. 2^1.— -Delgamma pangonia, S . \. -q^^^ ^i^g with whitish post-
medial line, except on costal area, the area beyond it bright purple
wftrsome black and white marks just beyond the line ; a crenulate
marginal line ; the cilia dark. , a9 Q 'S2

Hah. Sylhet; Ceylon; Andamans; Borneo. E.vp., 6 ^, ¥

Genus SYMPIS.
Sympla, Guen. Noct. iii, p. 343 (1852).
Tvpe, S. rufihasis, Guen.

Eange. Throughout India, Ceylon, and Burma ; Java.

I

STMPIS. — BAtllAKA. 513

Palpi upturned and smoothly scaled, the 2nd joint reaching above
vertex of head, the 3rd long and slightly curved ; antennae ciliated
in male ; thorax and abdomen smoothly scaled ; the tibiae not
spined, and clothed with short hair ; the 1st joint of hind tarsi
fringed with hair on the upporside. Eore wing with the apex
somewhat produced and acute.

2535. Sympis rufibasis, Guen. Met. in, p. 344, pi. 24, fig. 1 ; C. &■ S
no. 2761.

(S . Head and thorax orange-
red ; abdomen red-brown.
Fore wing with the basal area
orange-red, bounded by an
oblique blue line ; the outer
area red-brown, with a large
scarlet lunule beyond the cell
and a white speck on the

Fig. 288^~S7jmpis rufibasis, S . 1- "^^"7^ ^ '• indistinct,

u-regularly dentate, submar-
ginal line ; a marginal series of specks. Hind wing fuscous, with
incomplete medial white band and waved whitish marginal line.
TJnderside almost entirely suffused with grey; a crenulate post-
medial line.

5 without the scarlet lunule on fore wing.
ffab. Throughout India, Ceylon, and Burma ; Sumatra ; Java.
Exp. 48 millim.

Genus BANIANA.

Baniana, Wlk. Cat. xv, p. 1843 (1858).
Bu-tha, Wlk. Cat. xxxiii, p. 976 (1865).

Type, B. significans, "Wlk., fi-om the W. Indies.

Rn-nge. W. Indies ; S. America ; Africa ; Sikhim ; SylheL ;
Peninsular India ; Ceylon ; Bxu-ma.

Palpi usually reaching vertex of head, the 3rd joint minute ;
thorax and abdomen smoothly scaled. Pore wing with the apex
slightly produced and falcate. Hind wing with vein 5 from above
lower angle of cell.

Sect. I. Pore wing with no tuft of scales on inner margin before
middle. Male with long bristles and cilia to the antennte.

A. (Baniana). Mid tibice ivith tufts of long hair on inner side ;
paljji reaching vertex of head.

2536. Baniana semilugens, Wlk. Cat. xii, p. 814: Smpm. Ill Ret
viii, pi. 143, fig. 13 ; C.SfS. no. 1905.
Baniana luteiceps, Wlk. Cat. xxxiii, p. 1000.

Head and collar fulvous; thorax and abdomen gi-ey-brown

VOL.11. 2l

514

NOCTUIDiE.

Fore wing purplish grey ; indistinct subbasal and antemedial waved
lines ; black specks at middle and end of cell, the latter with
fuscous spot on costa above it ; a sinuous postmedial ochreous line
sharply recurved from vein 4 to centre of discocellulars and with
black suffusion beyond it. Hind vping fuscous.
Hah. Nilgiris ; Moulmein. Exp. 32 millim.

*2537. Baniana ? conjugata, Moore, P. Z. S. 1881, p. 369 ; C. Sr S.

DO. 1904.

Head, thorax, and abdomen ochreous brown irrorated with
brown. Tore wing dark umber-brown ; the costa pale, with some
dark striga; fi'om it ; the orbicular elongate, dark with pale edges,
and conjoined to the similar but erect reniform ; a pale streak
below the cell.

Hab. Sikhim. Exj?. 28 millim.

B. Palpi witJi the 2nd and 3rd joints longer; male with tufts of
hair from fore coxa} ; mid legs luith a long tift from femoro-
iibiai joint; mid and hind tihice fringed with hair.

2538. Baniana polyspila, W'lk. Cat. xxxiii, p. 966 ; C. Sr S no. 2387.
Athyrma tesselata, Moore, P. Z. S. 1867, p. 76; C. ^- S. no. 2388.

cJ . Pale reddish grey ; the head and collar golden brown ; the
tufts on fore coxee black. Pore wing with jet-black pale-edged
markings ; a speck at base ; a large irregular patch from below
middle of cell to inner margin, with a speck inside it on the margin ;
the orbicular small; the reniform large; a large irregular patch
from below end of cell to vein 1, with a pale hue across it and a

Fig. 289. — Baniana polyspila, S- i-

spot below it on the margin at its inner side ; its upper corner
ioined by a postmedial series of spots ; a large subapical spot,
and another between veins 3 and 5 with a speck above it; a mar-
ginal series of black specks. Hind wing fuscous.

2 Pore wing with the base of costa black, with ochreous outer
edge: the cell and basal inner area to near end of cell black ; a
doubly-angled antemedial ochreous line from subcosta nervure to
nner maSnn; a mediaUine highly angled ,n the cell, where it
almost touched the antemedial hue, and also below the eel where
it sends a branch outwards round the black area on inner margin ,

BANIANA,

515

the postmedial markings consist of a large ochreous-eilged black
spot below costa, with a black patch beyond it and some small spots
between veins 2 and 5, with a larger patch beyond them ; a mar-
ginal series of ochreous-edged lunules.

Hab. Sikhim ; Sylhet ; Burma. Exp., S 42, $ 50 millim.

2539. Baniana divulsa, Wlk. Cat. xxxiii, pi. 966 ; Hmpsn. 111. Het. ix,
pi. 163, tig. 4 ; C.^S. no. 2386.

Fuscous brown ; the head and coUar banded with black. Tore
wing with a black speck at base ; an antemedial dark line ex-
panding into a large irregular black patch with pale edges below
the cell ; a pale-edged black spot in cell ; a pale sinuous and angled
line from near apex to vein 3, thence very sharply recurved to
centre of discocellulars and slightly sinuous to inner margin, and
with black and rufous suffusion beyond it ; a postmedial series of
black specks from the costa to the recurved line ; traces of a sub-
marginal line ; some pale specks on costa towards apex. Hind
wing dark fuscous.

Hab. Sylhet ; Bombay ; Travancore ; Ceylon. Exp. 40 millim.

Sect. II. Tore wing with a tuft of scales on inner margin before

middle.

A. Antennce of male luith long bristles and cilia ; mid tibia; very

short,, swollen, and without spurs.

2540. Baniana itttorta. Sicinh. Trans. Ent. Soc. 1891, -p. 150 ; Hmpsn.

III. Het. ix, pi. 163, fig. 3.

Head and collar bright fulvous ; thorax and abdomen pale grey.
Fore wing pale grey, with a large subtriangular deep chocolate
patch with pale edges on inner area before the middle ; ante- and
postmedial rufous strigse from costa ; a dark speck at end of cell ;
a postmedial pale line sharply recurved to lower angle of cell, then
straight to inner margin ; the area beyond it suffused with deep
chocolate, growing paler towards outer margin ; traces of an irre-
gular submarginal line. Hind wing fuscous.

Hab. "W. Africa ; Natal ; Bombay ; Ceylon. Exp. 28 millim.

B. Antennce of male tvith bristles and cilia ; mid tibice normcd.

2541. Baniana lunifera, n. sp.

cj . Purphsh fuscous. Fore wing with a large black antemedial
lunule from cell to inner margin, its inner edge angled, its outer
edge whitish ; a pale-edged black spot in ceU ; the postmedial line
sinuous from costa to rein 4, then recurved to upper angle of cell,
thence curved to inner margin, pale with black suffusion beyond it
in the curve and a black angled line beyond it from near costa to
vein 4 ; a margmal series of white specks and streaks at outer

2 l2

516

NOCTUIDjE.

angle. Hind wing fuscous, with blackish medial and submarginal
diffused bauds.

Hab. Ganjam. Exp. 34 millim. Type in coll. Ehves.

C. (Birtha). Antennce of male hipectinated ; mid tibia; clothed tvilh
very long hair; fore wing with both ante- and ]postmedial tufts
on inner margin.

25-42. Baniana insulata, WlIc Cat. xxxiii, p. 976 ; Hmpsn. III. Het.
ix, pi. 163, fig. 8 ; C.l^S. no. 2187.

Head and collar bright fulvous ; thorax and abdomen grey-brown.
Fore wing grey-brown with shght purplish suffusion ; an ante-
medial fulvous band with pale edges, expanding into a large patch
below the cell ; the orbicular and renif orm deep rufous with pale
edges and a patch on costa above them, the former small ; an
indistinct postmedial line very sharply excurved from vein 3 to
lower angle of cell, with a rufous patch on it at inner margm and
some pale patches beyond it ; a triangular rufous patch on costa
before apex, with two white specks on the costa ; a marginal series
of dark specks. Hind wing greyish fuscous with dark marginal
line ; underside with cell-spot and postmedial line.

Hab. Old Calabar ; Ceylon. Exp. 36 millim.

Genus BORSIPPA.

Borsippa, Wlk. Cat. xv, p. 1756 (1858).
Aramuna, Moore, Lep. Ceyl. ni, p. 35 (1885).

Type, B. quadrilineata, Wlk.

Itange. Congo; throughout India, Ceylon, and Burma ; Borneo.

Palpi slender and reaching vertex of head, the 3rd jonit
minute • thorax and abdomen smoothly scaled ; tibisB fringed with
hair. Fore wing with the apex rounded. Hind wing with vein o
from lower angle of cell.

Sect. I. Male with the patagia very minute and with tufts of
elongate scales from them ; the anal tuft large.

A. (Borsippa). Male ivith the antennce ciliated ; no se.viial patclies

on either wing.

2543. Borsippa quadi-ilineata, WUc. ^f - ^v, p. 1756.

Borsippa marginata, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 173 ; C. S,- S. no. 2318.

Eeddish grey-brown. Fore wing with oblique straight subbasal
and antemedial rufous lines ; incurved medial aud postmedial hues,
the former double; a large semicircular black patch with an
indentation in its upper edge on outer margin ; a marginal series of
pale specks. Hind wing dark fuscous. _

In quadrilineata, from Borneo, there is a prominent black spot

BORSIPPA.

517

at end of cell of fore wing, which is almost obsolete in the more
ochreous form marginata, from Sikhim.
Eab. Sikhim ; Borneo. Eay. 36 millim.

B. (Aramuna). Male with the antennce fasciculate ; the anal tuft
very large ■ underside of fore wing with a patch of differently
formed scales on median nervure ; hind wing shortened, ivith a
large patch of Jlocculent scales below costa, the costal neuration
being distorted downiuards.
a. Male ivith a patch of curved ivoolly hair on apical part of
margin of hind iving.

2544. Borsippa pallens, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 172, pi. 5, fig. 9 ; C.^S.
no. 2310.

Ai-amuna marginata, Moore, Lep. Ceyl. iii, p. 36, pi. 149, fig-. 6 ;

C. c^. S. no. 1924.
Borsippa punctilineata, Hmpsn. III. Set. viii, p. 83, pi. 146, fig. 14.
Bagada diffisa, Sioinh. Trans. Ent. Sac. 1890, p. 224, pi. vii, fig. 17.
Herminia orthosiana, Stvinh. F. Z. S. 1885, p. 473, pi. 28, fig. 15 ;

a 8r S. DO. 2958.

cJ . Ochreous brown. Fore wing with traces of antemedial,

medial, and postmedial speckled
hnes ; a purpHsh rufous marginal
band narrowing to apex and outer
angle and with a slight indentation
near apex ; a marginal series of
pale specks. Hind wing whitish.

$ . The inner edge of the marginal
band of hind wing more curved in-
wards at centre ; in the form diffisa
angled inwards with a black spot at
the angle ; in the form orthosiana
almost straight.

Hab. Nagas ; Bhamo ; Bombay ; Nilgiris ; Ceylon. Exp. 32
millim.

Fig. 290.
Borsippa pallens, J.

b. Male ivith a patch of curved woolly hair on vein 2 of hind wing,
and none at apex.

2545. Borsippa lutosa, Sioinh. Trans. JEnt. Sac. 1890, p. 225, pi. vii,
fig. 11.

c? . Head pale; thorax and abdomen fuscous. Porewing ochreous
grey, suifused with fuscous ; the inner area purplish ; faint traces
of waved hnes ; a submarginal series of small black luuules and
oblique fuscous shade from apex. Hind wing pale fuscous.

Hob. Eangoon. Exp. 36 millim.

518

NOCTUIDiE.

Sect. II. Male with cilia and bristles to antennaj ; the patagia
normal ; abdomen with a chitinous cap covering the anal
tut'ts ; hind wing with tnft of long hair on upperside of
costa.

2546. Borsippa sejuncta, Wlk. Cat. ix, p. 109 ; C. (§- S. no. 1692.
Caradrina paucifera, Wlk. Cat. x, p. 298 ; C. 8, S. no. 2113.

Eeddish or greenish grey; palpi black with the extremity-
white. Fore wing with speck at end of cell; a sinuous sub-
marginal series of pale and dark lunules; a marginal series of
dark specks. Hind wing dark fuscous.

JIab. G-anjam ; Travancore ; Moulmeiu. Ex20. 34 millim.

Sect. III. Females only available for study.

2547. Borsippa hypenoides, Moore, P. Z. 8. 1881, p. 354, pi. 38, fig. 19 ;

a 8r S. no. 1793.

$ . Chestnut-red or dark purplish brown ; palpi black at base ;
a black spot on metathorax. Fore wing with indistinct oblique
antemedial and medial lines, the former with pale inner edge ; a
postmediaUine, with pale outer edge, angled beyond the cell ; a
submarginal series of indistinct dark specks. Hind wing reddish
fuscous, with iine marginal ochreous line.

ITab. Pareshnath, Bengal ; Ganjam. Exp. 30 milhm.

2548. Borsippa megastigmata, n. sp.

$ . Ochrrious brown, with the tips of the scales dark rufous ;
palpi blackish at base. Fore wing with obhque antemedial ochreous
line ; the orbicular andreniform very large, with ochreous outline ;
a postmedial ochreous hue, highly angled beyond cell, with a sub-
triangular dark chocolate patch on the costa beyond it ; some
specimens with some chocolate submarginal spots to^vards inner
margin ; a marginal series of minute specks. Hind wing golden-
fuscous. ^ _

Eab. Sikhim (Mdller); Nagas (Doherty). Ea^p. 40 miUuu.

Type in coll. Elwes.

Genus PLECOPTERA.

Plecoptera, Guen. Nod. ii, p. 429 (1852).
Type, P. reflexa, Gifen.

Banqe. Ethiopian and Oriental regions. „ , . . ^ . ^
Palpi slight and reaching vertex of head, the 3rd ]0int minute ;
antennas of' male mth long ciha and bristles ; thorax and abdomen
smoothly scaled ; tibia slightly hairy and without spines, iore
■wing with the apex nearly rectangular.

PLBCOPTERA.

519

Sect. I. Hind wing of male with vein 1 h fringed with hair ; the
inner area developed into a very large lobe, turned over on
surface of wing aud containing a small tuft of hair at base.

2549. Plecoptera reflexa, Guen. Noct. ii, p. 430 ; C. ^- S. no. 2312.

Trigonodes gammoides, Wlk. Cat. xv, p. 1833.
Poaphila simplex, Wlk. Cat. xv, p. 1840.
Poaphila hamifera, Wlk. Cat. xxxiii, p. 992.

Poaphila uniformis, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 172, pi. 5, fig. 10 ; C.SfS.
no. 2313.

Grey-brown ; the head and collar bright fulvous. Fore wing
with obliquely waved antemedial line ;
a large reniform spot, often with black
centre and with a rufous spot on the
costa above it ; an inwardly-oblique
waved postmedial line and sinuous sub-
marginal line ; a marginal series of
minute dark specks. Hind wing fus-
cous brown ; the outer area slightly
darker. Underside greyish white ; the
outer area fuscous ; male with the costal
area of hind wing also fuscous.

Unifor-mis is a sHghtly marked pale
form.

Eah. Throughout N. India; Poona; Andamans. Exp. 30 millim .

Fig. 291.
Plecoptera reflexa, .

Sect. II. Male with a tuft of long hair from femoro-tibial joint
of mid legs ; no fold to hind wing.

2550. Plecoptera resistens, Wlk. Cat. xv, p. 1749.

Poaphila oculata, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 172, pi. 5, fig. 11 ; C. S; S.
no. 2.309.

Poaphila reversa, Wlk. Cai. xxxiii, p. 991.

Heliothis juncea, Sioinh. P. Z. S. 1885, p. 448, pi. 27, fig. 4 ;

C. Sr S. no. 1733.
Remigia quajsita, Sivinh. P. Z. S. 1885, p. 468, pi. 27, fig. 8 ; C. 4" S.

no. 2705.

5 . Differs from refle.va in the thorax and fore wing being
suffused with ochreous or yellowish. Pore wing with the reniform
large and dark, the centre suffused with grey ; the outer area
sometimes suffused with bright yellow. Hind wing with tiie
basal area paler, contrasting with the dark outer area ; some
specimens with traces of a postmedial line.

cJ . Head and collar yellow ; thorax and abdomen fuscous black.
Fore wing dark red-brown, with the reniform in the shape of a
deep black lunule ; ante- and postmedial spots on costa. Hind
wing and underside darker.

Bab. Congo ; Bhutan ; Bombay ; Nilgiris. Exp, 32 millim.

520

NOCTUIDjE.

2551. Plecoptera luteiceps, WlJc. Cat.xxxm,-p.d92; C. -S. no. 2307.

Ponphila quadrilineata, Moore, Lep. Atk. p, 172, pi. 5, fig. 22 ;
C. S( S. no. 2311.

Head, collar, and tibiae orange-fulvous ; thorax and abdomeji
brownish fuscous. Pore wing brownish fuscous suffused with
purplish; a straight erect antemedial line; a postmedial line,
angled below costa ; an indistinct fuscous reniform stigma ; a
highly sinuous submarginal line. Hind wing dark fuscous ; cilia
of both wings pale brown.

Hah. Sikhim; Khasis. Exp. 36 millim.

2552. Plecoptera erica, Swinh. Trans. Ent. Soc. 1891, p. 149, pi. 8,

fig. 15.

Differs from luteiceps in the reniform being replaced by two
specks ; the postmedial line absent ; a straight submarginal rufous
line, with indistinct fuscous line beyond it.

Hah. Shanghai ; Bombay ; Java. Exp. 40 millim.

Genus ACANTHOLIPES.

Acantholipes, Led. Noct. Eur. p. 198 (1857).
Gesonia, Wlk. Cat. xvi, p. 75 (1858).
Oglasa, Wlk. Cat. xvi, p. 194.
Dragnna, Wlk. Cat. xvi, p. 200.
Hileia, Wlk. Cat. xxiv, p. 1100 (1862).
Apphadana, Wlk. Cat. xxxiv, p. 1212 (1865).
Docela, Wlh. Cat. xxxiv, p. 1258.
Hemipsectra, Hmpsn. III. Het. viii, p. 84 (1891).

Type, A. regularis, Hiibn. from Europe.

Bange. Europe ; Africa ; Formosa ; throughout India and
Cevlon ; E. Pegu ; Andamans.

3Palpi obliquely upturned, the 2nd joint very broadly fringed
with hair, the 3rd minute ; thorax and abdomen smoothly scaled
and slender ; tibiae without spines and not fringed with long hair.
Eore wing with the apex quadrate or slightly acute.

Sect. I. (AcantlioUpes). Antennae of male minutely ciliated.
A. Wings moderately hroad.

2553. Acantholipes circumdatus, Wlk. Ch;;. xv, p. 1763.

AcanthoUpes flavisigna, Moore, P. Z. S. 1881, p. 3/ 1 : C. ^-

Acantholipes nigrisigna, 3Ioore, P. Z. S. 1881, p. 372 ; C. i5| S.
no. 2694.

Docela vetustalis, Wlk. Cat. xxxiv, p. 1258.

Docela affinis, Butl. A. M. N. H. (5) v, p. 225 ; C. S,- S. no. 2691.

Pale ochreous brown. Pore wing with a black lunule at end
of cell : the outer half of wing clouded with fuscous, especially a
patch below the end of the cell and three patches beyond the

ACANTHOLIPES.

521

almost straight oblique yellow band from the apex ; cilia white
at apex. Hind wing with an antemedial fuscous band ; a medial
yellow band not reaching the costa and varying in breadth ; the
* outer area fuscous ; a leaden-grey patch at anal angle.

Hah. W. and, S. Africa; N.W. and W. India, ^^y. 24-28
millim.

2554. Acantholipes trajectus, Wlh. Cat. xxxiii, p. 986.

Acantholipea trifasciata, Moore, Lep. Ceyl. iii, p. 187, pi. 172,

fi<?. 2 ; C.^_ S. no. 2696.
Acantholipes inconspicua, Bittl. P. Z. S. 1880, p. 677.

, DitFers from circumdata in being
darlf leaden-grey. Eore wing with an
oblique antemedial line from the cell
■^y to inner margin ; the band from

apex red-brown. Hind wing with the
medial band red-brown and narrow.
Fig. 292. Hab. Formosa ; W. India ; Nilgiris ;

AcantJiolipes trajectus, s ■ \. Ceylon, ^ay. 28 millim.

*2555. Acantholipes hypenoides, Moore, P. Z. S. 1881, p. 372: C.&-S.
no. 2693.

Greyish ochreons brown. Tore wing thickly irrorated with
brown ; a medial blackish-brown band from median nervure to
inner margin, bordered outwardly by a slender ochreous line, angled
below the costa ; a waved dark fascia below apex ; some pale
specks on costa towards apex ; a pale line on outer margin below
apex. Hind wing paler.

Hah. Sikhim. Exp. 22-25 millim.

2556. Acantholipes fasciatus, Hmpsn. Hi. Het. viii, p. 82, pi. 146,

fig. 8.

Purplish grey ; the palpi black, the basal joint white. Fore
wing with indistinct waved antemedial line ; a black lunule at
end of cell ; a double, oblique, irregularly waved, antemedial line ;
a sinuous chestnut postmedial line, with black maculate edges, and
a line beyond it ; a marginal series of black specks. Hind wing
with double postmedial line, not reaching the costa, and a marginal
lunulate line.

Hah. Nilgiris. Exp. 32 millim.

2557. Acantholipes similis, Moore, Lep. Ath. p. 174, pi. 6, fiff. 5 ;

C. /S". no. 232.5. ' o ,

Phurys ochreifascia, Hmpsn. III. Het. viii, p. 83, pi. 146, fig-. 2.
Plimys leucopos, Rmpsn. III. Het. viii, p. 83, pi. 146, fig. 10.

S . Ochreous brown ; the palpi, pectus, and fore legs chestnut,
the last with the tibias white-fringed and the tarsi white. Tore
wing with two antemedial and two medial indistinct dark lines ;
a postmedial oblique diffused line, with black specks on it towards
Inner margin, and a slight waved line beyond it ; a marginal sei-ies

522

noctu:d^.

of specks. Hiud wing with two autemedial lines ; a medial out-
wardly diffused line and submargiual line ; a series of marginal
specks.

$ paler ; the palpi and pectus but slightly chestnut-coloured ;
the fore legs brown. Wings with the lines more prominent ; the
fore wing with an ochreous line inside the postmedial oblique
liae.

Hah. Sikhim ; Nilgiris. Exp., S 28, $ 30 millim.

2558. Acantholipes notatus, Hmpsn. III. Bet. viii, p. 84, pi. 146, fig. 3.

J . Differs from similis in the palpi and pectus being black ;
the fore legs black, with the tibiaj and tarsi white. Fore wdng
with the lines very indistinct and more oblique ; the postmedial
line with a black subapical spot and a speck above it, a similar
spot with a speck below it towards inner margin.

5 paler.

Hah. Nilgiris. Exj}. 28 millim.

2559. Acantholipes inscitius, Swinh. P. Z. S. 1885, p. 473 ; C. 4- S.

no. 3035.

Differs from notatus in the fore wing having a black spot at
centre of cell and a black lunule at end of it.
Hah. Bombay ; Poona. Exp. 24 millim.

2560. Acantholipes miser, Butl. P. Z. S. 1883, p. 166 : C. S,- S.

no. 2944.

Purple-grey. Pore wing with traces of two antemedial and one
medial waved line from median nervure to inner margin ; a black
lunule on discocellulars ; a rufous-brown submarginal sinuous
band ; a marginal series of dark specks. Hind wing with traces of
medial and postmedial lines.

Hah. Simla ; Mhow ; Asirgarh. Exp. 22 millim.

*2561. Acantholipes fasciosus, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 174, pi. 6, fig. 6;

a Sr S. no. 2323.

$ . Differs from similis in being greyer. Pore wdug with six
indistinct lines between the base and postmedial line ; hind wuig
with eight indistinct lines.

Hah. Sikhim. Exj?. 45 millim.

2562. Acantholipes dissimilis, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 174; C. 8r S.
no. 2322.

Differs from similis in the fore wing having the markiugs
indistinct, except the oblique ochreous dark-bordered line from
apex. Hind wing with the markiugs indistinct, except the sub-
marginal diffused fuscous band, which is bent outwards towards
the apex, but does not reach it. Underside yellower, with diffused
fuscous submarginal oblique bands.

Hah. N.W. Himalayas. Ea^^. 34 millim.

ACANTHOLIPES.

523

B. Wings considerably broader ; the build stouter.

2563. Acantholipes trifasciatus, Moore, P. Z. S. 1877, p. 612 ; Moore,
Lep. Ceyl. iii, pi. 1 74, fiy. 12 ; C. ^ S. no. 2784.

Capnodes stellata, Moore,' P. Z. 8. 1883, p. 28 ; C.^- S. no. 2783.

C'apuodes paUens, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 176, pi. 5, fig. 21 ; C. S.
BO. 2780.

Yellowish brown, liver-colour, or dark red. Fore wing with
indistinct waved antemedial and postmedial lines with series of
white specks on them ; traces of medial and submarginal sinuous
lines ; two dark specks at end of cell ; a marginal series of specks.
Hind wing with indistinct ante- and postmedial lines with series
of white specks on them ; a marginal series of dark specks.

Hah. Dharmsala ; Campbellpur ; Ceylon ; Nagas ; Andamans.
Exjp. 36-40 milliiTi.

Sbct. II. (Oglasa). AntennsB of male with long cilia and bristles.

2564. Acantholipes lagusalis, Wlk. Cat. xvi, p. 194.

Brownish ochreous ; palpi dark at sides. Fore wing with dark
subbasal, antemedial, and medial patches on the costa ; a black
streak at lower angle of cell; traces of curved antemedial and
postmedial series of specks and a marginal series. Underside of
hind wing with cell-spot and postmedial line.

In the Ganjam specimen there is a dark luuulate subapical mark
on outer margin of fore wing below the apex.

Bab. Granjam ; Nagas ; Borneo. Exp. 24-28 millim.

Sect. III. (^Gesonia). Antenn£e of male serrate and fasciculated.

2565. Acantholipes obeditalis, Wlk. Cat. xvi, p. 75- C. ^ S. no. 2826.
Hileia crambisata, Wlk. Cat. xxiv, p. 1100; C. S,- S. no. 3689.
Apphadana festina, Sivinh. P. Z. S. 1885, p. 475, pi. 28, lig. 3 ;
C. .5- no. 2043.

Apphadana nigrofusca, Stvink. P. Z. S. 1885, p. 475, pi. 28, fig. 4 ;
a Sr S. no. 2945.

Apphadana rubicimdula, Swinh. P. Z. S. 1885, p. 476, pi. 28, fig:. 2 ;
C. .5- S. no. 2946. ' i' » F . B .

Apphadana rusticula, Sivinh. P. Z. S. 1885, p. 474, pL 28, fiu-. 1 :
C. & no. 2947. ' o .

Fuscous or rufous brown ; palpi chocolate at sides. Fore wing
with traces of ante- and postmedial waved lines, the latter incurved
below cell ; traces of specks in and at end of cell ; an obliquelv
sinuous postmedial pale line, with rufous diffused on its outer
edge ; a marginal series of dark specks. Hind wing with post-
medial line developed towards inner margin ; a marginal series of
dark specks ; traces of medial and submarginal lines.

Some specimens have a dark spot beyond the postmedial line of

524

NOCTTTIDjE.

fore wing at middle, and another above inner margin ; rubicundula
has the ground-colour of fore wing ocbreous as far as the sub-
raarginal line, and nigrofusca has the colour between the ante- and
postmedial lines fuscous black.

Hah. Bombay ; Poena ; N ilgiris ; Ceylon. Exp. 22-24 milliin.

2566. Acantholipes gemma, ^oiwA. P. Z. 5'. 1885, p. 469; C. ^- S.

no. 2825.

5 . Brownish ochreous. Fore wing with the outer half suffused
with fuscous brown ; an obscure antemedial line ; an orange-
yellow spot on discocellulars ; waved postmedial and submarginal
lines, the latter diffused inwai'ds.

Hah. Poona. Exp. 20 millim.

Sect. IV. (Remipsecira). Antennae of male pectinated to middle
on the outer side, with bristles on the inner side.

2567. Acantholipes plumipars, Hmpsn. III. Set. viii, p. 84, pi. 147,

tig. 23.

c?. Pale brown, with a slight reddish tinge; palpi black at
sides. Pore wing with two black specks at base, the upper one
on the costa ; an antemedial interrupted curved line arising from
a black speck on the costa ; a similar postmedial line excurved
from the costa to below vein 2 ; a marginal series of specks.

The specimen from Gran jam has a chestnut tinge.

Bah. Ganjam ; Mlgiris. Exp. 24-30 millim.

Sect. V. (Dragana). Antennae of male bipectinated,
the branches short.

2568. Acantholipes pansalis, Wlk. Cat. xvi, p. 200 ; Smpsn. III. Set.

ix, pi. 167, fig. 3 ; C.Sf. S. no. 2941.
Apphadana evulsalis, Wlk. Cat. xxxiv, p. 1213.
Poaphila concors, WUc. Cat. xxxv, p. 1969.
Ochreous or reddish brown. Pore wing slightly irrorated Avith
black scales ; very indistinct antemedial, two waved medial, and
more prominent postmedial line, with the area beyond it darker
and often with obscure fuscous patches beyond it at centre and
inner margin ; a marginal series of black specks. Hmd wmg
with sinuous postmedial line ; the area beyond it darker and mth
traces of a submarginal line.

Hah Pormosa ; throughout India, Ceylon, and Burma ; Anda-
mans; Singapore. Exp., 6 22, ? 24 millim.

2569. Acantholipes fuscicosta, Hmpsn. III. Het. viii, p. 101, pi. 148,

tig. 15.

Pale reddish brown ; the head and collar smoky black. 1< ore
wing with the costa black; an antemedial line; a speck at end ot
cell ; the outer area suffused with fuscous, wdth waved postmedial

ACANTHOLIPES. — EEMIGIA,

525

and subinarginal lines ; a series of marginal black specks. Hind
wing with antemedial line ; the outer area siifEused with fuscous,
with postmedial and submarginal v\ aved lines ; a marginal series of
black specks.

Eab. Nilgiris ; Ceylon ; B; Pegu. Exp. 18-22 millim.

Sect. VI. Antennte of male bipectinated, the branches long.
2570. Acantholipes bilineatus, n. sp.

c? . Dark red-brown. Eore wing with straight dark ante- and
postmedial erect lines ; a dark marginal hne. Hind wing fuscous
brown, with fine marginal line. Underside of both wings with
dark postmedial line.

2 with the hind wing greyish.

Hah. Sikhim (Ehves); Nagas (BoTiertu). Exp., c? 28 9 24
milUm. Type in coll. Elwes.

Genus EEMIGIA.
Eemigia, Guen. Noct. iii, p. 312 (1852).
Cauninda, Moore, Lep. Ceyl. iii, p. 190 (1884).

Type, R. frugalis, Fabr.

Range IJniversally distributed except in the Patearctic region,
where it is found in Siberia and Japan.

Palpi upturned, reaching above vertex of head, the 2nd ioint
thickly scaled, the 3rd prominent; antenna of male ciliated, with
bristles to the joints; thorax and abdomen smoothly scaled: mid
tibiae spined.

Larvce with two pau-s of abdominal prolegs.

Sect. I, Male with the mid and hind tibia clothed with short hair.

2571. Remigia discios, Koll. HugeVs Kaschnnr, iv, p. 477- (7 cS- «

no. 2/01. ' ' ! • y

Dark grey. Fore wing with a short subbasal fine line; an
antemedial dark brown bund, very broad towards inner margin
where it is bounded by the recurved portion of the postmedial
line; a slight line on the discocellulars and a triangular spot
beyond them ; a straight postmedial line, with its outer- edge
diftused to the indistinct dentate submarginal line; a waved mar-
ginal line. Hind wing brownish fuscous, with indistinct medial
hne ; the outer area darker.

Mab. N.W. Himalayas. Exp. 50 millim.

2572. Remigia laxa, Wlk. Cat. xiv, p. i486

lleniigia pavona, Feld. Rets. Nov. pi. 117, fig. 9 ; a S. no. 2704.
Differs from dhcios in being much redder brown. Fore wins
with the dark band beyond the antemedial line much broader

526

KOOTTJIBJE.

extending to the end of cell and getting wider towards inner
tlie dark suffusion beyond the reniform slight.

margin ;

Hab. Sikhim. Eay. 44-48 millim.

Sect. II. (Caunmda). Male with the mid and hind tibiae
clothed with long hair.

2573. Eemigia archesia, CV-m. Pap. Exot. iii, pi. 273, G ;

Moore, Lep. Ceyl. iii, pi . 172. figs. 3, 3 a (larva) ; C. ^- S. no. 2697.

Phalasna virbia, Cram. Fup. Exot. ni, pi. 2/3, H.

Eemigia gregalis, Guen. Noct. iii, p. 320; C. Sr S. no. i/Ud.

Remigia pellita, Guen. Noct. iii, p. 310.

Eemigia jugahs, Wlk. Cat. xiv, p. 1505.

Eemigia mutuata, Wlk. Cat. xiv, p. loOo-

Hypajtra defundens, WlJc. Cat. xxxiii, p. -Jbd.

Eemigia associata, Wlk. Cat. xxxiii, p. 1010.

Eemigia inconsisa, WOc. Cat. xxxui, p. lOlrf.

Eemigia bifasciata, Wlk. Cat. xxxm, p. 1014.

Ophiusa mayeri, Eoisd. Faun. Ent. Madacj., Up. p. 104.
Pale red-brown ; abdomen pale fuscous, the anal tuft ochreous.
Fore wing with a short subbasal red-brown line ; an obhque ante-
medial pale or ochreous hue, with diifused red-brown band on
its outer edge; a sinuous medial line angled on median nervure ,
the reniform large and indistinct; a red-brown diffused po^toedial
hand, on which is a dark line slightly excurved beyond the cell,

Fig. 2QZ.—Beinigia archesia, J • \-

It Tcin 2 vers- irregularly recurved to lower angle of cell,
:L'„lrAViu„e?urar|u;^^^^^^^^^^^

=|S 1-°:: "^lr™J,l?l\f^^fs, .arrow f.cou,
„ecU.l band and diffused submargrnal band^ ^oS i^'g lio.e the

in^^^rbe"^ e"^e "^^^^Yri" "
eXur,""a> tbe Markings of tY.fnSb'bltl 'Sf 'lateral are.
Urm purplish brown speckled ™ ' Ms:

reirit:tr„^.ia::i"—

Pupa efflorescent. ^ . , , • -nt riinn E.vn. 42-54
Bab. Ethiopian and Oriental regions; Is. China. U^^.

millim.

EBMIGIA. — TEIGONODES.

527

Sectt. III. (Eemigia). Male with the hind tibite and tarsi
clothed with long thick pile.

2574. Eemigia frugalis, Fabr. Syst. Ent. vi, p. 601 ; Moore, Ze«,
Ceyl. ui, pi. 172, figs. 4, 4 a (larva) ; C. S. no. 2702.
Remi^ia translata, Wlk. Cat. xxxiii, p. 1015.
Chalciope lycopodia, Geyei; Hiibn. Ztttr. v, 25, figs. 897, 898.

Grey-brown. Fore wing with a diffused dark mark above the
centre of vein 1 ; an oblique postmedial line pale inwardly, red-
brown outwardly ; a submarginal series of black specks. " Hind
wing with postmedial and diffused submarginal lines.

Some specimens have a black spot above inner margin of fore
wing before the middle.

Larva pale yellowish ochreous, with darker lines ; two subdorsal
lines ; and a sublateral series of olivaceous spots ; 4th and 5th
somites edged behind with black. Food-plants, Zingiberacece.

Had. W. Africa and throughout the Oriental and Australian
regions. Exp. 36-50 millim.

Genus TRIGONODES.

Trigonodes, Guen. Noct. iii, p. 281 (1852).
Chalciope, Hiibn. Vers. p. 268 (1818) non descr.
Attatha, Moore, P. Z. S. 1878, p. 847.

Type, T. Jiyppania, Cram.

Range. Ethiopian, Oriental, and Australian regions.
_ Palpi upturned, reaching just above vertex of head, the 2nd
joint roughly scaled, the 3rd prominent; thorax and abdomen
smoothly scaled and slender; mid and hind tibice spined. Fore
wing with the apex somewhat produced.

Larva with two pairs of abdominal prologs.

Sect. I. (Trigonodes). Male with the antennfe ciliated ; mid
and hind tibiaj fiinged with hair.

2575. Trigonodes hyppasia. Cram. Pap. Kvot. iii, pi. 250, E ; C. S,- S.

Phaloena deliana, Stall, Cram. Pap. Exot. v, p. 160, pi. 36 fi<r 4
Oplnusa anfractuosa, Boisd. Faun. Ent. Madag., Zdpfp. 104 vl 15

hg. 6. r J f • J

Trigonodes inacuta, Guen. Met. iii, p. 284.
Trigonodes exportata, Guen. Noct. iii, p. 284.
Trigonodes aciitata, Guen. Noct. iii, p. 28-3.
Trigonodes compar, W/k. Cat. xiv, p. 1451.
Chalciope deltifera, Feld. Reis. Nov. pi. 117, fitr. 24
Chalciope mahura, Feld. Reis. Nov. pi. 117, fiJ^ 13.'

Pale ochreous brown, slightly suffused with fuscous or dark ^rev-
brown Fore wing with a large black white-edged triangular
patch below the cell from near base to towards outer au-le • a
similar smaller patch beyond the cell on vein 5, with som^e pkle

528

KOOTtriD^.

fulvous beyond it ; a slightly sinuous submarginal pale line, with
patches o£ black suffusion inside it and a series of black specks
beyond it; a dark marginal line. Hind wing with indistinct
medial line ; the outer area suffused with fuscous.

Hab. Africa ; Mauritius ; Madagascar ; Aden ; China ; Formosa ;
throughout India, Ceylon, and Burma ; Java; Australasia. Ea-p.
46 millim.

2576. Trigonodes cephise, Cram. Pap. Rvot. iii, pi. 227, 0 ; C. ^ S.

uo. 2685.

Trigonodes maxima, Gue7i. Nod. iii, p. 282 ; C. ^ S. no. 2688.

S . Differs from hyppasia in the basal triangle of the fore wing
extending to nearer the outer angle; the outer triangle much
larger and extending to the submarginal line, which is evenly
curved. Hind wing with the basal area suffused with fuscous ; no
medial line ; the outer suffusion forming an ill-defined band.

2 much yellower ; fore wing with the outer triangular patch
broken up into a streak above vein 5, and a lunulate patch on the
submargiual line.

Eah. Moulmein; Eangoon ; Tiji. Exp. 54-66 millim.

Sect. II. Male with the antennae expanding into a scale-clothed
kilb just before the middle, and bipectinated from there to
apex ; tibise not fringed with hair.

2577. Trigonodes disjuncta, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 171 ; C.S^S. no. 2686.
Differs from Jiyppasia in the basal triangular patch of the fore

wing having its apex truncate, and being more produced towards

Fig. 294. — Trigonodes disjuncta, d . \.

outer angle ; the submarginal line waved. Hind wing uniform
fuscous.

Hah. Eombay; Nilgiris. Exp. 45 millim.

Sect. III. (Attatha). Male with the antennse almost simple ;
tibisB not fringed with hair.

2578. Trigonodes regalis, 3Ioore, P. Z. S. 1872, p. 575, pi. 33, fig. 7 ;
C. <S'. no. 807.

cJ . Head and thorax whitish ; the frons, a band on thorax, and

TBIGONODES. — FODINA.

529

stripe on metathorax black-brown ; abdomen, palpi, pectus, and
legs crimson, the legs striped with black. Fore wing white; a
black-brown stripe below the cell from base ; a narrower stripe on
inner margin; an oblique medial band from middle of costa to
near outer angle, widest at the costa, and with a line beyond it
from below the costa to vein 2, where it is recurved ; a large
triangular patch from costa at apex to above outer angle ; a mar-
ginal line terminating at vein 3 ; the outer angle crimson, with
three black spots on it. Hind wing crimson, with a submarginal
series of black spots.

Hab. JSr. India ; Canara ; Ceylon ; Tenasserim. Exp. 48 millim.

2579. Trigonodes ino, Drury, III. Exot. Ins. iii, p. 39, pi. 29, flo- 3 :

C. S. no. 635. ^ ' o ,

Noctua notata, Fahr. Ent. Syst. iii, 2, p. 39 ; C. ^ S. no. 2680,
Grammodes miindicolor, Wlk. Cat. xxxiii, p. 973.

Differs from regalis in the oblique band of the fore wing being
quadrate from the costa to median nervure, where its outer edge
is angled ; the apical triangular patch wider, so as to extend close
to the postmedial line and the margin. Hind wing with a tri-
angular patch from the apex to near anal angle, inside the sub-
marginal series of spots.

Hab. Sikhim ; Nepal ; Madras. Exp. 38 millim.

2580. Trigonodes tetraspila, Wlk. Cat. xxxiii, p. 1076; Hmpm. HI

Het. IX, pi. 166, fig. 2.

$. Bright ochreous yellow; the collar black. Fore wino'
slightly irrorated with fuscous ; a black band from costa to lower
angle of cell ; a large apical black spot. Hind wing yellow, with
apical black spot.

Hab. Ceylon. Exp. 36 millim.

Genus FODINA.
Fodina, Guen. Noct. iii, p. 274 (1852).
Type, F. oriolus, Guen.

Ramje. Ethiopian, Oriental, and Australian regions.

Palpi upturned, with the 2nd joint reaching vertex of head,
the 3rd long; antennae of male with bristles to the joints'
thorax and abdomen smoothly scaled ; tibice without spines, and
not fringed with hair m male. Fore wing with the apex quadrate.

2581. Fodina oriolus, Guen. Noct. iii, p. 274; C. Sr S. no. 2681.

Head and thorax black ; shaft of antennte and a band between
their bases white ; abdomen orange. Fore wing black, with a
broad oblique medial white band; the outer margin and cilia grev
Hind wing orange ; the apical area black ; an elongate black patcli
near anal angle and black sti'eak at anal angle.

Hub. Sikhim ; Sylhet. Exp. 48 millim.

VOL. II. 2^

530

NOCITTTIDJE,

2582. Fodina pallula, Qmn. Noct. iii, p. 275; C. Sf S. no. 2682.

Differs from oriolus in the base of the hind wing being fuscous
hlack and ioiued to the patch near anal angle.

Eah. N.W. Himalayas ; Assam ; Calcutta ; Ceylon. Jiciy.
42 millim.

2583. Fodina stola, Guen. Noct. iii, p. 275 ; C. ^- S. no. 2683.
Fodina po&tmaculata, Hmpsn. III. Het. ix, p. 113, pi. lt>o, hg. 0.

Head and thorax bright red-brown; collar and metathorax
oanded with whitish ; abdomen orange. Pore wing with the basal

part of costa purplish ; a large irre-
gular red-brown patch on basal half
of wing, with ochreous edges and
running out to an angle on vein 2 ;
the area between it and the large
red-brown patch occupying the apical
area, and extending nearly to outer
angle, ochreous ; an ochreous mar-
ginal line; the cilia grey. Hmd
Kg. 295— Fodina stola, c? . h wing orange, with the apical area

fuscous black ; traces of a fuscous
patch near anal angle. Underside orange, with dark medial patch
to fore wing and apical patches to both wings. , , i j e
The Ceylonese form postmaculata is smaller, with the band ot
the fore wing between the red-brown patches narrower and
whiter; hind wing with the black patch at aual angle large;
underside more uniform orange. . „ , „

Hah. N.W. Himalayas; Sikhim ; Bhutan; Moulmein; Ceylon.
Exp. 36-46 millim.

2584. Fodina cuneigera, Butl. III. Het. vii, p. 79, pi. 132, fig. 5.

Head and collar chestnut, the latter with a white band ; thorax
black; abdomen ochreous fuscous. Tore wing ochreous brown,
suffused with fuscous ; the costa purplish : a large, black, wbite-
edged, triangular basal patch ; a smaller triangular purphsh-black
patch on costa before apex. Hind wing brownish ochreous suf-
fused with fuscous ; the apical area fuscous.

Hab. Kangra; Ganjam; Nilgiris. i^o^j. 40 millim.

2585. Fodina jtincta, n. sp.

A Head and thorax dark brown ; a pale band on metathorax ;
abdomen fuscous. Fore wing with the base brown, fo lowed by an
oblique white band; a large irregular dark brown patch witli white
edges on medial area, joined to a quadrate apical patch and haxing
the medial costal area and area near outer angle pale bro\An: a
black speck at end qf cell. Hind wing dark fuscous.

Eah. ^iWim {Dudyeon). 26 milhrn. Type in coll. Moore.

GEAMMODES.

531

Genus GEAMMODES.

Grammodes, Guen. Noct. iii, p. 275 (1852).
Colbusa, Wlk. Cat. xxxiii, p. 978 (1865).

Type, G. f/eometrica, Pabr.

Range. W. Africa ; China ; Formosa ; throughout India, Ceylon,
and Burma; Java; Borneo; Australia; Fiji.

Palpi upturned, reaching just above vertex of head, the 3rd
joint minute ; antennae almost simple in male ; thorax and abdomen
smoothly scaled and somewhat slender ; tibiae clothed with I'ather
long hair, the mid tibiae spined. Fote wing short and broad, the
apex somewhat acute.

Lance with 3 pairs of abdominal prolegs.

2586. Grammodes mygdon. Cram. Pap. Exot. ii, pi. 156, G ; C. & S.

no. 2678.

Chalciope mygdonias, Hubn. Verz. p. 268.

Head and thorax dark red-brown ; abdomen greyish fuscous.
Fore wing purplish grey ; the costa ochreous ; a large red-brown
patch occupying the whole wiug except the costal and outer areas,
and crossed by an obhque ochreous band, its costal and outer
edges bordered by reddish ochreous, their angle almost joined by
a red-brown streak from the apex ; a submarginal series of specks.
BQnd wing fuscous ; the cilia grey below apex and at outer angle.

Hah. China ; Formosa ; throughout India, Ceylon, and Burma ;
Java ; Borneo. Exp. 36-40 millim.

2587. Grammodes geometrica, Fahr. Syst. Ent. p. 699.

Phalaena ammonia, Cram. Pap. Exot. iii, pi. 250, H; C. & S.
no. 2676.

Noctua bifasciata, Petag. Sp. Ins. p. 38, fig. 26.
Noctua linearis, Hilbn. Beitr. ii, p. 26 t.
Noctua parellaris, Hiibn. Noct. pi. 66, fig. 324.
Noctua chalciptera, Borkh. Sohmett. Eur. iv, p. 771.
Grammodes congenita, Wlk. Cat. xiv, p. 1443.

G-rey-brown. Fore wing with a large black patch occupying the

whole wing except the basal,
costal, and outer areas, its outer
edge waved and joined by an
oblique streak from the apex ;
ante- and postmedial lines re-
curved below the costa, with
whitish bands outside them on
the black patch ; the outer part
of the postmedial baud pale

Granmodes7eofnctrica, J. ^ HT°"'' r ^""f ^""f

^ 'u I With medial pale band; the cilia

white at apex and anal angle.
Hah. Europe ; Africa ; Formosa ; throughout India and Ceylon •
Java ; Australia. Kcp. 26 (dwarf) to 45 millim. '

2m2

532 NOCTUIDiB.

2588. Grammodes stolida, Fair. Syst. But. p. 599; C. 8^ S. no. 2679.
Noctua cingularis, Iliilm. Noct. pi. 76, fig. 352.

Differs from geometrica in being greyer. Pore wing with the
inner edge ol: the posfcmedial line bent inwards at middle ; a wdnte
marginal line ; cilia white at apex. Hind wing with the band
white ; a round white submarginal spot near anal angle.

Hab. Europe ; Africa ; Aden ; throughout N.W. and Penin-
sular India. Exp. 30-40 millim.

Genus ENTOMOGRAMMA.

Entomogramma, Guen. Noct. iii, p. 203 (1852).
Taramina, Moore, Lep. Ceyl. iii, p. 153 (1884).

Type, E. fautrix, Guen.

Range. Africa; Japan; throughout India, Ceylon, and Burma;

"^"palpi^^dth the 2nd joint thickened and reaching vertex of head,
the 3rd of moderate length ; thorax and abdomen smoothly scaled ;
fore tibiffi of male fringed with long hair; mid and hind tibia?
moderately haii-y ; mid tibiss spined. Pore wmg short and broad ;
the costa arched towards apex; the outer margin excurved at
centre.

Sect. I. (Entomogramma). Antenna of male ciliated and
without a ridge of scales near base.

A. Palpi with 3rd joint somewhat sliort.

9589 Entomogramma fautrix, Guen. Nod. iii, p. 204 ; Feld. Beis.
Nov. pi. 115, fig. 5 ; C.^S. BO. 2548.

Puscous brown ; the head blackish ; the collar fulvous. Pore
wing with a fulvous and dark streak below subcostal nervure from
the base to the apex; the basal part of costa purplish; ante-
medial and medial nearly straight lines angled below the costa ;
Tn Sregularly waved postmedial line angled below costa and near
inn^r margin, followed by a straight fulvous hne and a submar-
Za waved line; a black spot at end oi cel . Hmd wmg wi h
fndistinct antemedial line; a straight medial me; a highly
dentate postmed al followed by a straight fulvous hne ; a submar-
Snal series of specks; both wings with iine margmal ochreous
C Underside^uffused with fuscous, wij some orange on
costal and outer areas, and orange lunulas on disk of both wnigs.

Sift Throughout India, Ceylon, and Burma; Andamaus ; Java.

E.vp. 60 millim.

2590. Entomogramma mediocre, Wlk. ^..7

Rcmigia decora, Wlk. Cat. xxxui, p. lOlo ; C. ^- S.no. 2oi7.
Bemigia antica, Wlk. Cat. xxxui, p. 1016; C & S. no. ^O-iO.
Orange-yellow; head and collar chestnut; wings with a

ENTOMOQ EAMMA. — THBEMESIA.

533

few strigsB. Fore wing with indistinct antemedial line, angled
below the costa ; a dark lunula at end of cell ; an indistinct post-
medial line, highly angled beyond cell, and with a slightly waved
line beyond it ; a more prominent double submarginal straight
line, angled below costa, where it is crossed by a fuJvous streak
from the apex. Hind wing with indistinct antemedial straight
line and highly dentate medial line ; a more prominent double
submarginal straight line ; both wings with fine ochreous marginal
line. Underside brighter yellow ; both wings with cell-spot and
three series of brown spots on outer area.

$ with the upperside of thorax, base of abdomen, and wings
suffused with grey, and with the markings much more prominent.

Hah. Coimbatore ; Nilgiris. Exp. 50 millim.

Sect. II. (Taramina). Male with the antenna pectinated with
uniseriate branches to two-thirds length, the basal pare
thickened by a ridge of thick scales above.

2591. Entomogramma torttim, Guen. Noot. iii, p. 204; Moore, Lep.
Ceyl. iii, pi. 166, fig. 2 ; C. Sr S. no. 2550.
Entomogramma squamicornis, Feld. Reis. Nov. pi. 115, fig. 3.

Differs from fautrix in being reddish brown without the fuscous
tinge. Tore wing with no fuscous below the fulvous subcostal
streak; the spot at end of cell outlined with black; the post-
medial line dentate. Underside not suffused with fuscous, so that
the lunulate lines are prominent.

Fig. 297. — Entumogramma tortum, cJ. \.

Hah. Throughout W. and S. India; Ceylon; Java. Ex'
54 millim, ^

Genus THEEMESIA.

Thermesia, Hiihn. Verz. p. 270 (1818).
Azazia, Wlk. Cat. xv, p. 1576 (1858).
Hypospila, Gum. Noct. iii, p. 368 (1862).
Tochara, Moore, Lcp. Atk. p. 175 (1882).
Blasticorhinus, Bull. A. M. N. JS. (6) xii, p. 46 (1893).

Type, T. gemmatalis, Hiibn., from America.

Manc/e. Throughout the tropical and subtropical zones ; Japan.

534 uootuidjE.

Palpi obUquely upturned, the 2nd joint reaching vertex of head ;
a sha/p frontal tuft ; thorax and abdomen smoothly scaled ; tibiiB
not spined and moderately hairy. Pore wing with the costa highly
arched before the apex, which is acute.

Lai-vce with 4 pairs of abdominal prologs. „ . , .

The typical section (Sect. I.) has a large tuft of hair on mid
tihife and a small tuft at base of hind tibiee.

Sect. II. Palpi with the 3rd joint rather shorter than in the
typical section. Male with no tufts on tibiaj.
A. (Azazia). Hind wing with normal neuration in male ;
no fold on inner margin.
a. Antcnnm of male with lristles and cilia.
2592 Thermesia ruhricans, Boisd. Faun. Bnt. Madag., Lep. p. 106,
pi. 16, fig. 1; C. c5- & no. 2816. _
Thermesia transducta, Wlk. Cat. xxxui, p.
Thermesia consueta, Wlk. Char. Undescr. Lep. Het. p. 9-3.

Eufous or grey-brown; palpi
chestnut. Pore wing with indis-
tinct subbasal curved line ; a white
speck in cell; the reuiform very
large, with two dark specks on it ;
a postmedial rufous line, very
highly angled below the costa and
joined by a dark apical streak ; a
submarginal series of dark specks ;
lig^^js. rufous marginal line. Hmd

medial series of specks, and marginal rufous line Underside
much suffused with red ; a white spot at end of cell, curved post-
med'al line and submarginal series of black and white liinule.

Hah. Africa; throughout the Indian region; Java and l^acilic
Islands. Exp. 40-46 millim.

2593. Thermesia suhcostalis, Wlh. Cat. xxxiii, p. 1059 ; C. % S.
no. 2774.

5 Grey, irrorated with red-brown. Pore wing with a brown
and fuscous fascia from base of inner margin to upper angle ot
cell and thence to apex ; an antemedial line from costa to sub-
costarnervure ; nearly straight medial and postmedial hues, angled
heow the costa; a submarginal line, angled outwards at vein 3
then dentate to inner margin; an almost marginal series of black
sfecks Hind wing with speck at end of cell ; a medial oblique
H?e, JinedTtinner'margin by a curved postmedial ; ^f-^^^^
submarginal line ; an almost marginal series of dark specks.

Hab. Moulmein. E.vp. 40 miUim.
2594. Thermesia enervis, Sioinh. Trans. JEnt. Sac. 1890, p. 231, pi. 8,

? . Differs from rividosa (p. 536) in being more uniformly brown ;

THEEMBSIA.

535

both wings with the lines evenly and obliquely curved ; a straight
submarginal ochreous and fulvous line ; a marginal series of dark
specks.

Hah. Eangoon. Exp. 28 millim.

2595. Thermesia oblita, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 176; C. ^ S. no. 2771.

Head black ; thorax ochreous ; abdomen fuscous. Fore wing
ochreous, suffused with fuscous, except the apical costal area ;
six indistinct curved and waved lines ; a black speck in cell and
whitish spot at lower angle. Hind wing ochreous, suffused with
fuscous ; indistinct antemedial, medial, and postmedial waved lines,
the medial line with some ochreous suffusion beyond it ; a nearly
straight submarginal line with ochreous beyond it. Underside
ochreous, with fuscous lines and bands.

Eah. Pareshnath ; Khasis ; Khyen Hills, Burma. Exp. 32 millim-

2596. Thermesia arefacta, Siuinh. P. Z. S. 1884, p. 621, pi. 48, fie. 2

a ^ S. no. 2698.

_ d . Ochreous. Fore wing with traces of waved lines ; both
wings with a more prominent postmedial waved line, followed by
a fuscous band and submarginal waved lines ; a crenulate marginal
line and series of specks on the veins.
ITab. Sind. Exp. 32 millim.

2597. Thermesia ohliqua, Moore, P. Z. S. 1867, p. 80: C. &■ S.

DO. 2324.

c? . Ochreous suffused with rufous. Head and coUar chestnut
Fore wing with dark specks at centre and end of cell ; an oblique
pale antemedial band with dark edges from median nervure to
inner margin ; a line from apex to centre of inner margin, beyond
which the area is rather darker, with an oblique ochreous line from
below apex to inner margin ; traces of two submarginal lines, and a
marginal series of dark specks. Hind wing with dark speck
in cell ; an oblique pale medial line ; traces of postmedial and sub-
marginal lines and a marginal series of black specks.

5 much browner and greyer.
Hab. Khasis. Exp. 36 mUlim.

2598. Thermesia melanocephala, Hmpsn. III. Het. viii, p. 82, pi. ] 46

fig. 9.

Toaphila marmorea, Hmpsn. III. Het. viii, p. 82, pi. 146, fig. 7.

Ochreous ; the head black. Fore wing with indistinct waved
subbasal, antemedial, medial, postmedial, and two submarginal
lines, the postmedial line bent outwards beyond cell ; a line cu
discocellulars. Hind wing with black speck at end of cell ; waved
medial line and submarginal series of black specks. Underside
with prominent dentate postmedial and two submarginal bands to
each wing.

536

NOOTUIDiE.

The form marmorea is suffused with fuscous, and has tlie
markings of upi)erside more prominent.
Mab. Nilgiris. Exp. 30-34 millim.

2599. Thermesia mediorufa, n. sp.

2- Head and thorax reddish brown; abdomen fuscous. Fore
wing brown, w^th a slight purplish suifusion ; a small ferruginous
patch on base of costa ; the medial area ferruginous with dark
edges, the outer edge incurved below the cell ; a dark speck in
cell and large indistinct reniform ; an indistinct sinuous sub-
marginal line and almost marginal series of minute specks ; some
white specks on costa towards apex. Hind wing brown, with two
medial hnes, the outer minutely dentate ; an almost marginal
series of minute specks.

Hah. Nagas (Doherty). Exp. 4:4c millim. Type in coll. Elwes.

b. Antennce of male hipectinated.

2600. Thermesia creberrima, Wlk. Cat. xv, p. 1574 ; Bull. III. Eet.

vi, pi. 112, iig. 8 ; C.l^S. no. 2769.
Iluza pyralina, Moore, P. Z. S. 1877, p. 610 ; C. ^- S. no. 2316.
Tochara obliqua, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 175, pi. 6, fig-. 27 ; C. S.

no. 2327.

Diifers from holinoides in being yellow-brown.
Bob. Sylhet ; Andamans. Ex£. 42 miUim.

B. (Blasticorhinus). Hind iving of male with normal neuration ; a
large vesicular fold on base of inner margin, with a tuft of long
hair attached to it.

a. TTie apex of the vesicular fold truncate.

2601. Theimesia rivTiIosa, Wlk. Cat. xxxiii, p. 1060; Moore, Lep.

Ceyl. ill, pi. 174, fig. 5 ; C. S. no. 2766.

2 . Eeddish grey-brown. Fore wing with antemedial sinuous
line ; a dark spot on discocellulars and speck at origin of vein 2,
an irregularly waved postmedial line ; a waved subniarginal line,
with the area beyond it fuscous brown ; a curved fulvous and
ochreous line from the apex to vein 3. Hind wing with sinuous
medial line ; lunulate postmedial and submarginal lines ; the outer
area fuscous brown ; both wings with fine marginal ochreous line.

Hab. Moulmein ; Nilgiris ; Ceylon ; Java. E.ijh 32 millim.

b. The apex of the vesicular fold produced to a long point.

2602. Thermesia otophora, n. sp.

DifEers from rivulosa in being large and more uniformly coloured ;
hind wing with five lines, additional ante- and postmedial hues

being present. ^ .

Hob. Nagas {Doherty). Exp. 40 millim. Type m coll. Elwes.

THERMESIA. — ISOHYJA.

537

C. (Hypospila). Male luitJt the antennce ciliated ; the cell of hind
iving short, veins 7 and 8 distorted, 6 c/iven off beloiu angle of
cell.

2603. Thermesia bolinoides, Guen. JVoct. iii, p. 358 ; C. ^- S: no. 2348.
Tiiermesia signipalpi.s, Wlk. Cat. xv, p. 1672.

Differs from rubricans in the colour being almost always much
darker red-brown ; palpi black, white at tips. Eore wing with the
reniform reduced to a pale speck ; the postmedial line less oblique,
arising from the costa before apex, and not angled. Hind wing
with the postmedial line straight.

Hah. China ; throughout India, Ceylon, and Burma; Andamans.
Exp. 44 millim.

Genus ISCHYJA.

Ischyja, Riibn. Verz. p. 26.5 (1818).
Potamophora, Guen. Noet. iii, p. 122 (1852).

Type, /. manlia. Cram.

Bange. China ; Philippines ; throughout the Indian region ;
Sumatra ; Java ; Borneo.

Palpi with the 2nd joint broad and rectangularly scaled, reaching
vertex of head, the 3rd long, naked, blunt, and oblique ; antenniE
thickened and fasciculate in male ; thorax and abdomen smoothly
scaled ; tibiae without spines ; fore tibije with a triangular tuft of
hair ; mid tibias slightly fringed ; hind tibia; clothed with long hair.
Tore wing with the costa highly arched towards apex, which is
produced and acute ; the outer margin obliquely curved. Hind
wing with the cell very short ; male with veins 2, 3, 4 rmmiug
close together to near outer margin.

Larvce with four pairs of abdominal prolegs.

2604. Ischyja manlia, Cram. Tap.Exot. i, pi. 92, A; Moore, Lep.Ceyl.

iii, p]. 163, figs. \,la,b (larva) ; C, 8r S. no. 2492.

d . Head and thorax red-brown ; abdomen fuscous or red-
brown ; a white spot at base of hind tibiaa, and others on the
outer spur of mid legs and outer medial spur of hind leo-s.
Fore wing pale or dark red-brown or olive-brown, irrorated
with dark specks ; traces of antemedial and medial waved
lines ; a straight oblique postmedial line ; the orbicular and
reniform grey or oehreous, or in the form of deep black
quadrate spots with white edges ; black spots below centre and
end of cell generally present, each with a white lunule on it and
conjoined by a streak ; a large oehreous patch sometimes preseut
from lower end of cell to inner margin ; an obscure waved sub-
margmal line commencing as an oblique streak from the apex.
Hind wing very dark red-brown ; the area near anal angle greyish,
with dark striga) ; a broad, irregularly angled, purplish-blue medial
band Irom the costa to vein 2 ; a black spot with pale streak on it
above anal angle. Underside of fore wing with white irregular

538

NOOTUIDJE.

postmedial band from the costa to vein 2 ; hind wing with dentate
postmedial white line.

5 . Fore wing much more uniform in colour aud without the
black patches ; the oblique line prominent ; hind wing \sdth the
band broader and more regular ; no mark above anal angle. The
colour often very dark.

Fig. 299. — Ischyja manlia, . \.

■ Larva purplish brown and ochreous, irregularly marked with
short black streaks ; the head ochreous, speckled with brown ; the
4th, 5th, 6th, 10th, and 11th somites with short dorsal conical
prominences. Pupa efflorescent. Food-plants, Terminalia, Cinna-
momia, &c.

Hab. Philippines ; throughout India, Ceylon, and ±5urma ;
Andamans ; Java. Ex^., 6 80-100, ? 96-112 millim.

2605. Ischyja schlegelii, Snell. Tijd. v. Ent. xxviii, p. 4, pi. 1, fig. 2.
Ischyja glaucopteron, Hmpsn. III. Bet. Mm, p. 88, pi. 14/ , hg. 1 J.

cJ Differs from manlia in the fore wing being dark grey-green;
the antemedial line promhient and angled below the cell ; the
orbicular and reniform grey ; no obUque postmedial hue, but the
large grey dark-speckled patch from lower angle of ceU to inner
margin prominent, its upper angle joined by a dentate grey hue
from the costa and an irregular brown streak from apex ; a margmai
series of white specks. Hind wing with the band narrower and
brighter blue ; underside with the basal area sufEused with blmsh
white to near the postmedial deutate line. _

2 more uniform in colour and greyish \>vo^^■n instead ot green,
with an oblique postmedial line aud the irregular brosvn streak

^'//crNilgiris; Burma; Java. E.vp., 6 82, $ 96 millim.

PLATYJA.

539

Genus PLATYJA.
Platyja, Hiibn. Verz. p. 268 (1818).
Type, P. umminea, Cram.

Range. China; throughout India, Ceylon, and Burma ; Penang;
Java ; Borneo ; Cape York.

Palpi with the 2nd joint broad, quadrately sealed and reaching
vertex of head, the 3rd short, blunt, and naked ; thorax and abdo-
men smooth, the latter clothed with long coarse hau* dorsally ;
tibiae and hind tarsi vei-y hau'y in male. Fore wing with the costa
highly arched towards apex, which is produced and acute ; the
outer margin obhquely curved. Hind wing with the cell short, the
anal angle truncate.

Sect. I. Male with the antennae bipectinate, the branches short ;
mid and hind legs with tufts of very long hair from the femoro-
tibial joint.

2606. Platyj a umminea, Cram. Fap. Exot. iii, pi. 267, F; C. S( S.
uos. 2621 & 2760.
Sympis suhunita, Gioen. Noct, iii, p. 344.
Cotuza drepanoides, Wlk. Cat. xv, p. 1552.
Ginoea removens, Wlk. Cat. xv, p. 1638.
Hulodes falcata, Feld. Reis. Nov. pi. 115, fig. 8.
Ophisma trajecta, Wlk. Char. Undescr. Lep. Het. p. 108.

OUvaceous red-brown. Fore wing with a few grey specks ; an
aritemedialobhquely waved dark line; the orbicular small and dark ;

Fig. 300. — Plalyja umminea, cj. \.

reniforra with dark outline ; a postmedial crenulate line, highly
excurved beyond the cell, then bent inwards to below middle of
cell above two dark-edged marks, which in the female are filled in
with ochreous, chestnut, or white, and with chestnut rings or spots •
a dark streak from apex, with some grey below it. Ilind wing
with crenulate postmedial line and traces of a submarginal line •
the cilia tipped with white on both wings. Underside with lines

540

KOCTUIDjE.

on the discocellulars, and a crenulate postmedial line with a series
of white specks on it.

Hah. China ; tliroughout India, Ceylon, and Burma ; Penang ;
Sumatra ; Java ; Borneo ; Cape York. Ex]). 48-60 millim.

Sect. II. Male with the antenns3 serrate and fasciculate ; tufts of
long scales from the coxaj of legs ; hind legs with no tuft of
hair from the femoro-tibial joint.

A. Hind iving iviili the veins not distorted.

2607. Platyja exviola, Hmpsn. III. Het. -yiii, p. 91, pi. 147, fig. 18.

S ■ Very dark red-browni ; the 3rd joint of palpi and tarsi
spotted with white. Fore wing with traces of a waved antemedial
line and of large orbicular and reniform stigmata ; two small riiig-
marks beyond the cell; a very indistinct postmedial sinuous line,
highly angled beyond the cell, and bent back above an amphora-
shaped brown mark on vein 2 to below middle of cell ; a sinuous
whitish streak from apex ; the outer area suffused with purple ; a
marginal series of M'hite specks. Hind wing -with the outer area
sufiused with pm-ple; postmedial and margmal series of white
specks. Underside with postmedial series of white specks; a
pale sinuous apical streak.

Hah. NUgiris. Exp. 60 millim.

*2608. Platyja? torsilinea, Guen. Nod. iii, p. 240.

Black-brown. Wings irrorated with blue-grey, the antemedial
line straight and slightly oblique ; two fine purplish medial Imes
striated with rufous, the area between them greyish or reddish
yellow ; postmedial line angled below the costa, then recurved from
vein 2 to lower angle of cell, and with a large series above inner
margin ; the orbicular and reniform prominent and brown, the latter
witli two small white ring-marks beyond it and a speck above them
on costa; a fine white line from the angle of the postmedial line
to apex. Hind wing with a purplish submarginal hue striated
with rufous, obsolete towards costa. Underside grey-brown, with
a medial series of white specks on the veins of both wings.

Hah. " Central India." Exp. 48 millim.

B. Hind wing of male with the discocellulars almost obsolete,
veins 6 and 7 curved upwards, 4 and 5 doivnwards.

2609. Platyja ciacula, Sidnh. A. M. N. H. (6) xii, p. 263.

J . Differs from exviola in the markings of the fore ^ving being
much more prominent ; the lines ochreous ; the antemedial line
straight and oblique; the postmedial line white speckled the mark
enclosed by it ill-defined ; the triangular chocolate patch on costa
before apex prominent. Hind wing with sinuous winte-speclded
postmedial line. Both wings with the outer half suffused with
purple throughout.

Hah. Nagas ; Andamans. Exp. 02 millim.

lOSTHA. — CBITHOTE.

541

Genus lONTHA.

lontha, Doubleday, Entomologist, i, p. 297 (1842).

Type, /. umhrina, Doubl.
Range. Sylhet ; Borneo.

cJ . Palpi with the 2ucl joint much thickened and reaching yertex
of head, the 3rd naked and blunt ; antennae serrate ; thorax and
abdomen smoothly scaled, the latter very loug and with immensely
developed tufts of hair at extremity ; fore tibiae hairy ; hind tibiie
and 1st joint of tarsi fringed with hair on the outer side. Fore

Fig. 301. — lontha umbrina, . \.

wing with the costa arched towards apex, which is acute ; the
outer margin obhque ; the inner margin arched. Hind wing with
the apex much produced and acute ; the outer margin oblique and
produced into a large lobe near anal angle ; vein 3 given off long
before end of cell ; 8 running rather close to 7 to beyond end of
cell.

2610. lontha umhrina, Doubl. Entom. i, p. 298 ; C. Sf 8. no. 2594.

<S . Dark fuscous brown ; abdomen with the anal tuft black.
Fore wing with a speck in the cell ; both wings with marginal
purplish grey band.

Hab. Sylhet ; Borneo. Exj^. 60 millim.

Genus CRITHOTE.

Crithote, W'lk. Journ. Linn. Soc. vii, p. 182 (1864).

Type, C. horridipes, "Wlk.
Range. Khasis ; Canara ; Borneo.

d . Palpi with the 2nd joint thickened and reaching vertex of
head, the 3rd short, naked, and blunt ; antenna bipectiuated, the
branches short ; thorax smoothly scaled ; abdomen long, clothed

542

NOCTUIDjE,

dorsally with coarse hair and with large anal tufts ; tibia without
spines ; mid tibia3 moderately hairy and fringed with thin flattened
scales on the inner side ; hind tibiae and tarsi with immensely
developed tufts of hair. Pore wing arched towards apex, which is
quadrate ; the outer margin straight. Hind wing with the apex
produced and acute; the outer margin straight to vein 2, then
excised to anal angle ; the inner margin fringed with long hair.

2611. Crithote horridipes, Wlk. Joum. Linn. Soc. vii, p. 183.

c? . Dark fuscous brown ; the anal tufts and tufts on hind legs
black. Fore wing with the basal and outer areas greyish.

Fig. 302.— Crithoie horridipes, c?. \.

Hah. Khasis ; Oanara ; Borneo. Exp. 40 millim.

Genus HAEMATELIA.

Harmatelia, Moore, Lep. Ath. p. 182 (1882).

Type, H. hasalis, Moore.
Range. Sikhim ; Khasis.

Palpi with the 2nd joint thickened and reaching vertex of head,
the 3rd long and naked; antennae fasciculated in male; thorax
clothed with coarse hair ; abdomen with dorsal tufts ; tibiae slightly
hairy and without spines. Fore wing with the apex someMhat
acute ; the outer margin slightly angled at centre.

Fig. 30Z.— Harmatelia basalis, J . \.

2612, Harmatelia' tasalis, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 183, pi. 6, fig. ]3;
C. c5- S. no. 2726.

Head and thorax reddish brown. Fore wing with the basal
two-thirds reddish black-brown, bounded by a nearly straight pale

HAEMATELTA. — BPISPAEIS.

543

line ; a dark speck iu cell ; the outer area pale brown, with some
fuscous suffusion and two dark specks near apex ; some white
specks on costa towards apex and a marginal series of minute dark
specks. Abdomen and hind wing fuscous brown. Underside with
cell-spot and traces of two postmedial lines.
Hab. Sikhim ; Ivhasis. Exp. 50 millim.

Genus EPISPAEIS.

Episparia, Wlk. Cat. x, p. 475 (1856).
Neviasca, Wlk. Cat. xvi, p. 7 (1858).
Pradiota, Wlk. Cat. xxxv, p. 1572 (1866).

Type, E. penetrata, Wlk., from Africa.
Bange. Ethiopian and Oriental regions.

Palpi upturned and hairy ; the 3rd joint minute ; a short frontal
tuft ; antennffi bipectinated to two-thirds length in male ; thorax
and abdomen clothed with coarse hair ; tibisB hairy. Eore wing
with the costa straight ; the outer margin excised from vein 5 to
outer angle. Hind wing with the outer margin produced to a
point at vein 3 and excised below the point.

2613. Episparis tortuosalis, Moore, P. Z. S. 1867, p. 81, pi. 7, fig-. 5 •

C. i.y <S'. no, 2841. '

Head, thorax, and abdomen red-brown ; the tarsi white. "Wings
with red-brown shades and dark striae. Fore wing with an in-
distinct highly curved antemedial hne ; a dark speck in cell and
minute white lunule on discocellulars ; a purplish patch on disk ;
an indistinct postmedial line, highly excurved beyond cell and with
a sinuous whitish line beyond it, terminating at outer angle, where
it is joined by another white line from near apex, which is dentate
below the costa; the margin and cilia whitish below the angle.
Hind wing with indistinct medial band ; a postmedial whitish line,
highly angled outwards at vein 5 ; a yellow patch on centre of
outer margin. Underside of fore wing with large, triangular, apical,
chocolate white-edged patch ; hind wing with the medial area white,'
with a white postmedial line and black spot at end of cell; a
crenulate fuscous submarginal line. '

Hab. Sikhim ; Nilgiris. Exp. 56 millim.

2614. Episparis varialis, Wlk. Cat. xvi, p. 7 : Moore, Zep. Ceul iii

pi. 175, fig. 12; C. <5-5.no. 2842. ' > i <^

Episparis exprimens, Wlk. Trans. JEnt. Soc. (3) i, p. 106 : C &■ S
no. 2839. w , ^ , . j

Episparis signata, Wlk. Cat. xxxiii, p. 1032.

Episparis davallia, I'eld. Keis. Nov. pi. 120, fig. 41.

Pradiota sejunctata, Wlk. Cat. xxxv, p. 1572° C. ^ S. no. 2840.

Pale dull reddish brown. Pore wing with subbasal and ante-
medial white lines, the latter with the part below the cell displaced

544

NOOTUIDJE.

outwards ; a yellow patch at lower angle of cell and an irregular
white spot oil the discocellulars ; au indistinct medial dark line
excurved round cell ; a pale sinuous postmedial Hue arising from
a white spot on costa ; a yellow apical patch ; a pale patch on
outer area, with a chocolate lunula on the margin helow apex.
Hind wing with dark mark on discocellulars ; indistinct angled

"Pig. 30i.—Episparis varialis, S- \-

fuscous medial line ; a white postmedial line highly angled heyond
cell ■ a chocolate Innule on the margin below apex, with a series
of spots from it to anal angle. Underside whitish.

Hah. Throughout India, Ceylon, and Burma; Andamans; Java,

Borneo. Exp. 50 millim.

2615. Episparis sora, Swinh. P. Z. S. 1889, p. 415.

J . Differs from varialis in being much darker brown

Fore

wingwith a series of yellow spots on costa ; the white spot and
yellow patch at end of cell minute; the submargmal l^-^e dark ;
ro lunule or white suffusion on outer margin. Hmd mng with
?he postmedial line dark and more angled ; no white suffusion.
Hah. Sikhim ; Tenasserim. Exj?. 52 milUm.

Genus CLATERNA.

Clatema, Wlk. Cat ^j, V- '^^^^^^^^^l'
Trigonial Guen. Belt. ^ Pyr. p. 11 (1864), prjEOCC.

Type, C cijdonia, Cram.

f^SSJof-S/ptlS^sf female ..ft outer

margin of both wings very slightly angled.

2616. Clatema cydonia, Cram. Pap. Exot. i, pi. 22, F; C. ^- S.

FodlSLemorans Pn^. Cat. ^v, P- 1533.
Claternaexagens, rr//c. Cfl<.xv,p.l543.

CLATBBlfA. — AMPHIGONIA.

545

curved beyond cell, with diffui

Fig. 305.
Claterna cydonia, . \.

Eab. Ceylon ; Java ; Cq.

white inside it and a large dark
patch beyond it on the costa ; a
triangular white spot on costa
before apex, with some white
specks below it. Hind wiug with
indistinct irregular medial line
and some white marks inside it ;
a white patch on outer margin
from the angle to anal angle ;
a series of dark strigss on margin.
Underside with small black speck
in cell of fore wing ; hind wing
with black speck in cell and
lunule at end of it.
Exp., c? 50, $ 45 millim.

Genus AMPHIGONIA.

Amphigonia, Guen. Noct. iii, p. 337 (1852).

Type, A. he^Mtizans, Guen.

Ranqc. Neotropical and Oriental regions.
_ Palpi with the 2nd joint reaching above vertex of head ; the 3rd
jomt in male curved forwards, mth a tuft of hair on inner side •
antennffl of male very long and minutely ciHated ; thorax and
abdomen smoothly scaled ; tibiae hairy. Fore wing arched towards
apex, which ]s produced and acute ; the outer margin highly angled
at centre. Hmd wing with the outer margin produced to a curved
point at vem 4.

2617. Amphigonia hepatizans, Guen. Noct. iii, p. 338, pi 24, fis 12 •

Moore, Lep. Ceyl. iii, pi. 173, fig. 4 ; C. ^ S. no. 2758. '

Dark fuscous, with a purplish tinge. Tore wing with short
subbasal waved antemedial and indistinct postmedial lines, incurved
below end of cell ; a rufous speck on discocellulars ; a submarginal

Fig. 30C\~Amphjffoma hepaiizans, (J. \.

line with a sinus from below apex to below centre, its arc crossed
by a crenulate rufous line ; the outer area pale red-brown except
at apex.^^ Hmdwing with indistinct curved medial line and dentate

2n

546

NOOTUID^.

postmedial line. Underside with lunule at end of cell and straight
postmedial line to both wings ; fore wing with subapical spot.

Hah. Peninsular India, Ceylon, Burma ; Andamans. Exj). 60
millim.

Genus BEMATHA.

Bematha, Wlk. Cat. xxxiii, p. 1095 (1865).

Type, B. extensa., "Wlk.
Range. " N. India."

Palpi upturned and reaching just above vertex of head ; antennae

rig. 307.— Bematha extensa, c? .

thickly ciliated ; thorax and abdomen smoothly scaled ; tibiae hairy
and not spined. Fore wing with the costa nearly straight ; the
outer margin obliquely rounded.

2618. Bematha extensa, Wlk. Cat. xxxiii, p. 1095 ; C. 8,- S. no. 3024.

S . Orange-yellow ; the tarsi white. Fore wing with the costa
and outer area suffused with rufous ; a dark speck in cell and
some white specks on discocellulars ; an indistinct rufous waved
line iust beyond the middle and crenulate fuscous postmedial hne.
Hind wing with sinuous medial line and crenulate postmedial line.
Underside with some rosy suffusion and white below costa of

fore wing.

Eab. " N. India." Exp. 50 miUim.

Genus OXYODES.

Oxyodea, Guen. Noct. iii, p. 128 (1852).

Type, 0. scrobiculata, Fabr. » t r

Range. China; throughout the Indian region ; Java; Australia;

■^'palpi upturned and smoothly scaled, the 2ud joint reaching
vertex of head, the 3rd long ; antennae almost simple ; thorax and
abdomen smoothly scaled and somewhat slender ; tibiffi not si^ined ;
fore tibiffi fringed ^^^th hair. Fore ssing ^vith the apex produced
and acute ; the outer margin slightly excised and the ciha crenulate.

2619 Oxvodes scrobiculata, J'air. Sp. Ins. ii, p. 212; Moore, Lep
■ Ceyl. iii, pi. 164, fig. 1 ; C. J- S. no. 2497
Phalffina clytia, Cram. Pap. Exot. iv, pi. 399, (j.

OXTODIS. — HAMODES.

547

Ochreous-brown or yellow-ocbreous. Fore wing with subbasal,
antemedial, medial, two postmedial, and a submarginal indistinct
waved line ; the orbicular and reniform with black edges and often
filled in with black ; a lunulate mark often present below the cell.

Fig. 308. — Oxyodes scrobimlata, cJ. !•

Hind wing with a broad black fascia below the costa ; two post-
medial lines ; an indistinct seiies of submarginal lunules. Under-
side brown, irrorated with grey ; both wings with the inner area
ochreous ; a speck at end of cell ; a postmedial line and blackish
blotches on outer area.

Hab. China ; throughout India, Ceylon, and Burma ; Java ; Fiji
E.vp. 64 millim.

Genus HAMODES.

Hamodes, Gum. Noct. iii, p. 202 (1852).
Armana, Sivinh. Tram. Ent. Soc. 1890, p. 260.
Kalmina, Swinh. Trans. Ent. Soc. 1891, p. 480.

Type, H. propitia, Guen., from New Ireland.

Eancje. Throughout India and Burma ; Andamans ; New Ireland

Palpi reaching vertex of head, the 3rd joint minute ; antennae

minutely fasciculated in male ; head and thorax smoothly scaled ;

tibiffi not hairy and without spines. Fore wing usually highly

arched towards apex, which is more or less produced and falcate.

Hind wing with the anal angle truncate ; vein 5 from lower angle

of cell.

Sect. I. Male with no tuft on underside of fore wing ; hind
wing with the costa not arched.

A. Fore tving with the outer margin oblique ; the costa
highly arched.

2620. Hamodes aurantiaca, Guen. Noct. iii, p. 208 ; C.8f S. no. 2579.
Ophisma attacicola, Wlk. Cat. xiv, p. 1383 ; C. ^ S. no. 2578.
Hypernaria discistriga, Moore, P. Z. S. 1867, p. 78; C.^ S. no. 2580.
Hamodes marginata, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 169 ; C. ^ S. no. 2681.

2n2

548

IfOOTUID^.

cJ . Canary-yellow ; the head above and base of collar black.
Fore wing irrorated with fuscous and with traces of antemedial,
medial, and postmedial lines, the two latter arising from fuscous
patches on the costa ; a speck in cell and lunule at end of it ; a
straight rufous line with yellow band inside it from apex to inner

Kg. 309. — Hamodes aurantiaca, c? . \.

margin of hind wing above anal angle, sometimes with two dark
blotches inside it on fore wing and one on hind wing, and with
traces of a dentate line beyond it. Underside orange, with the
lines rufous, prominent, and maculate.
5 more ochreous in colour.

Eab. W. India; Sikhkn; Assam; Burma; Andamans. Exp.
60-66 millim.

B. Fore wing with the outer margin erect ; the costa highly arched.

2621. Hamodes unilinea, Sioinh. Tram. Ent. Soc. 1890, p. 243.

S . Ochreous-brown, slightly irrorated with black ; head fuscous ;
collar reddish. Pore wing with black speck in cell; an indistinct,
ochreous, slightly waved postmedial line, angled below the costa ;
traces of a dentate submarginal line. Hind vrmg with spot at end
of cell; straight brown and ochreous medial line and traces of
dentate submarginal line ; both wings with series of marginal dark
specks.

Eab. Beeling, Burma. Exp. 44 miUim.

Sect II. (Kalmina). Pore wing of male with large tuft of hair
on underside belo«- end of cell ; the median nervure bent
upwards ; the costa highly arched. Hind wing v^ith the costa
hnmensely arched ; the costal nervure bent upwards.

2622 Hamodes ochracea, Swinh. Trans. Ent. Soc. 1891, p. 481, pi. 19,
fig. 3.

cT Differs from «MJ-«n«iftCft in being bright orange. Fore wing
with no black spot on costa above the reniform ; the outer area

HAMODES . — PLBTJBONA.

549

bright rufous ; the inner part of the oblique line grey. Hind wing
with the waved suffusion beyond the oblique line rufous.
Hah. Khasis. Exp. 60 millim.

Sect. III. {Armana). Fore wing with the costa slightly arched
towards apex, which is but slightly produced; tibiaB more
hairy.

2623. Hamodes nigriricta, Swinh. Tram. Ent. Soe. 1890, p. 250,

pi. 8, fig. 1.

(J . Differs from aurantiaca in being much less irrorated with
black. Fore wing with minute black specks in cell and at end of it ;
no dark marks on costa ; the double oblique lines with the inner
one prominent, filled in with pinkish, not bent out to apex of fore
wings, and with a black spot beyond them at anal angle ; no traces
of dentate line beyond them.

Hah. Bassein, Pegu. Ex23. 40 millim.

Genus PLEURONA.

Pleurona, Wllc. Cat. xxxv, p. 1564 (1866).
Chilkasa, Swinh. P. Z. S. 1885, p. 853.

Type, P. faleata, Wlk.

Range. Bombay; Burma; Andamans.

Palpi obliquely porrect, the 3rd joint minute ; a sharp frontal
tuft ; thorax and abdomen clothed with coarse hair. Fore wing
vnth the costa excised, then very highly arched towards apex, which
is produced and acute, the outer margin excurved at the middle.

Sect. I. (ChilJcasa). Antennas of male fasciculated and with very
long setsB on upperside. Fore and hind tibiaa fringed with
very long thick hair ; mid tibiae with immense tufts of hair.

2624. Pleurona perhamata.

Chilkasa faleata, Stvinh. P. Z. S. 1885, p. 854 ; C. ^ S. no. 3241
(praeocc).

cJ . Head, thorax, and abdomen brownish ochreous. Fore
wing with the basal two-thirds brownish ochreous, shghtly irrorated
with fuscous ; sinuous, very indistinct, antemedial and medial
lines ; a double slightly sinuous postmedial line, with the area
beyond it chocolate. Hind wing with the basal half brownish
ochreous irrorated with fuscous ; a double medial line with
diffused chocolate beyond it shading off to the marginal area ;
both wings with fine marginal ochreous line. Underside with
medial and postmedial nearly straight lines to both wings.

H((b. Bombay ; Eangoon. Exjp. 52 millim.

550

ITOCTUIDjE.

Fig. 310.
Pleurona faluata, ^.

Sect. II. {Pleurona). Antennae of male ciliated and without the
long setffi ; tibise without the long tufts and fringe of hair.

2625. Pleurona falcata, Wlk. Cat. xxxv, p. 1564; Moore, P. Z. S.
1877, p. 612, pi. 60, fig. 6 ; C. ^ IS. no. 2823.

Bright red-brown ; palpi, fore legs and claspers fulvous. Fore
wing with indistinct sulabasal and antemedial lines ; very in-
distinct orbicular and reniform spots ;
a darker ill-defined medial band ; a
very indistinct postmedial hue, ex-
curved beyond cell and with a paler
triangular patch on the costa beyond
it ; a submarginal series of pale specks
and marginal series of dark specks.
Hind wing with pale speck at end
of cell ; indistinct sinuous medial and
postmedial lines, the latter with a
fulvous line beyond it ; series of dark
submarginal and pale marginal specks. Underside of fore wing
with the costa, orbicular and reniform spots pale ; a straight sub-
marginal line ; hind wing with pale cell-spot and crenulate sub-
marginal line ; both wings with indistinct medial and postmedial
lines.

Hal. Burma ; Andamans. Kvp. 38 millim.

Genus LYCIMNA.

Lycimna, Wlk. Cat. xx, p. 214 (1860).

Type, L. polymesata, "Wlk.
Range. Sikhim ; Assam ; Burma.

Palpi obliquely upturned, the 2nd joint reaching vertex of head
and much thickened, the 3rd short. Antennae minutely cihated ;
thorax and abdomen smoothly scaled, the patagia long; tibise
moderately hairy and without spines. Fore wing with the costa
arched at base, then slightly excised to apex, which is produced
and acute ; the outer margin highly angled at vein 4. Hind wing
with the anal angle truncate.

"Pig. Lycimna polymeaaia, <S . \.

2626. Lycimna polymesata, Wlk. Cat. xx, p. 215 ; C. ^ 8. no. 3185.
Head and thorax orange; abdomen pale reddish; wings pale

LTOIMNA. — OMMATOPHOBA.

551

reddish and orange, irrorated with black. Fore wing with three
indistinct waved black lines on basal area ; a small orbicular
spot; traces of numerous indistinct waved lines on outer half
of wing, crossed by a more prominent oblique line from costa near
apex ; a small hyaline spot between veins 3 and 4 ; a subraarginal
series of black specks. Hind wing with obUque antemedial line ;
three indistinct waved lines on postmedial area ; a submarginal
series of black specks.

Hob. Sikhim ; Assam ; Burma. Exp. 44 millim.

Genus HOMiEA.

Hornsea, Ouen. Noct. iii, p. 206 (1852).

Type, H. daihrum, Gruen.

Range. Abyssinia ; Aden ; N.W. India.

Palpi upturned, the 2nd joint reaching vertex of head and
roughly scaled, the 3rd prominent ; antennae minutely ciliated ;
thorax and abdomen smoothly scaled and somewhat slender ; mid
tibiae spined ; the tibise of male fringed with long hair, and the fore
and hind tarsi fringed with hair. Fore wing with the apex some-
what rounded.

2627. Homaea clathrum, Guen. Nod. iii, p. 207 ; C. Sr S. no. 2551.

Head and thorax pale, mottled with dark brown ; abdomen
fuscous, ringed with white. Fore wing fuscous brown, with numerous

Fig. 312. — Honusa claihnm, J- t-

indistinct pale waved lines ; oblique whitish ante- and postmedial
bands, with a fine line beyond each, the veins between the bands
whitish, and a whitish patch on the discocellulars ; an irregularly
waved black submarginal line and crenulate marginal line. Hind
wing similar, but with one band only, which is medial. Underside
of both wings with a black grey-suffused postmedial band.
Hab. Abyssinia ; Aden ; N.W. India. Exp. 40-44 millim.

Genus OMMATOPHOEA.

Ommatophora, Guen. Noct. iii, p. 190 (1852).

Type, 0. luminosa, Cram.
Jtaiu/e. Sikhim ; Assam ; Java ; Philippines.
Palpi with the 2nd joint reaching vertex of head, the 3rd naked ;
antennae almost simple ; thorax and abdomen smoothly clothed

552

KOOTUIDiE.

with bair; tibite thickly fringed with hair especially the fore
tibiiE ; hind tarsi fringed with hair ou upperside. Fore wing
with the apex nearly rectangular. Hind wing with vein 5 from
lower angle of cell, which is rather short.

2628. Ommatophora luminosa, Cram. Pap. Exot. iil, pi. 274, D ;
C. Sf S. no. 2545.
Ommatophora fulvastra, Guen. Nod. iii, p. 191.

Head, thoi-ax, and abdomen dark brown; palpi with a black
spot at base ; a black shoulder-stripe. Eore wing brown ; the
basal and costal areas suffused with glistening purplish, the post-
medial area ^¥ith vinous red ; curved subbasal and waved ante-
medial black lines ; an ocellus beyond end of cell composed of a
white-edged brown lunule on inner side, a blackish pupil with
greenish-yellow patch on it, the outer edge black and arising from

Kg. 313. — Ommatophora luminosa, S- \-

a black spot above the pupil ; a postmedial line oblique and
whitish from the costa to vein 6, then becoming a curved black
line with greenish lower edge to below the ocellus, and thence
sinuous to inner margin ; an indistinct, pale, oblique submarginal
line, dentate near costa and inner margin. Hind wing with fuscous
medial line ; highly dentate postmedial, with two indistinct
J'uscous lines beyond it; both wings with two crenulate black
lines inside the margin ; underside with large black cell-spot and
some white marks on a diffused submarginal band.

Hob. Sikhim ; Assam ; Java ; Philippines. Exp. 62 milhm.

Genus SPIRAMA.

Spirama, Gum. Noct. iii, p. 194 (1852).
Hypopyra, Giien. Noct. iii, p. 198.
Enmonodia, Wlk. Cat. xiv, p. 1332.
Maxula, Wlk. Cat. xxxiii, p. 1096 (1865).

Type, S. retorta, Linn.

Range. Japan ; Cliina ; Chusan ; throughout India, Ceylon, and
Burma ; Andamans ; Borneo ; J ava.

Differs from Ommatophora in the antenna usually being minutely
fasciculate in male, the tibia; not hairy, and the mid tibiffi spiued.

SPIBAMA.

553

Sect. I. (S^nrama). Fore wing with the costa arched towards
apex, which is nearly rectangular ; male with a fold on inner
area of hind wing, containing an erectile ridge of very long
hair ; antennas fasciculate.

2629. Spirama retorta, Cram. Pap. Rcot. ii, pi. 116, F; C. S,- S.
no. 2561.

Noctua spiralis, Fabr. Sp. In^s. ii, p. 211.

Speiredonia hehcina, Hiibn. Zutr. iii, 14, fig-s. 437, 4.38 ; C. cS- 8
no. 2659. ' ' o , , j

Spirama suffiimosa, Guen. Noct. iii, p. 195.

Sjpirama triloba, Gueri. Noct. iii, p. 197 ; C. S,- S. no. 2562.

HH'popyra mollis, (?Me?j..JVbc<. iii, p. 198.

Spirama remota, Feld. Sltzb. Akad. Wiss. Wien, M. N. CI. xliii
p. 43. '
Erebus chemista, Koll. HiigeVs Xasehmir, iv, p. 475.
Spiramia cohajrens, Wlk. Cat. xiv, p. 1321 ; C. S^- 8. no. 2558.
Spirama simpUcior, Butl. Trans. Ent. Soc. 1881, p. 198.
Spirama modesta, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 168 ; C. 8. no. 2560.
Spirama rosacea, Butl. III. Het. vii, p. 78, pi. 132, figs. 9-10.
Spirama confusa, Butl. III. Het. vii, p. 78, pi. 133, figs. 6-8. '
Sphamia indenta, Hmpsn. III. Het. viii, p. 89, pi. 147, figs. 20-21.

<S . Head and collar dark chestnut-brown ; thorax paler with
dark bands ; abdomen crimson with triangular black dorsal patches
Wings fuscous brown. Pore wing with the costal and outer areas'
more or less suffused with purplish and sometimes with an olive
tmge ; an antemedial hne excurved below costa, then oblique to

Fig. 314.— Spirama retoria, cj. }.

inner margin ; a large ' inverted-comma ' mark beyond end of
cell, with ochreous and black edges and some white on inner ed-e
ot tail, the centre fuscous-black; a postraedial curved hne
passing round the stigma or interrupted by it; another post-
medial line excurved below costa and slightly sinuous ; two crenu-
ate submargmal lines and two more prominent lines within the

554 nootuidjE.

margin. Hind wing with indistinct antemedial, medial, and traces
of two postmedial and a submarginal line. Underside suffused
with dull red and having two medial lines and one postmedial to

each wing. . . , . •

2 . The ground-colour ochreous. Fore wing with tJie stigma
larger. Hind wing with the markings prominent ; two ante-
medial lines; an ochreous submarginal line and two crenulate
black lines inside the margin. Underside orange-scarlet; each
wing with cell-spot, medial, postmedial, and submarginal lines, and
series of lunules inside the margin.

The form helicina is more brightly coloured ; female with the
ochreous submarginal line of hind wing crenulate. Indenia has
the markings not prominent ; the stigma reduced in size and with
two indentations in its outer edge ; male with the thorax pale, the
fore wing suffused with oUve and vinous ; female with the sub-
marginal line of hind wing not crenulate. Triloba has the head of
the stigma reduced to three grey spots, often with black centres ;
male with the thorax pale and suffused with vinous and olive ;
female ochreous, with a purplish or, in the form rosacea, bright pmk
tinge, all the hues indistinct.

Hab. Japan; China; Ohusan ; throughout India, Ceylon, and
Burma ; Andamans ; Java. Exp., J 64-76, ? 66-88 millim.

Sect II Fore wing with the costa straighter towards apex, which
is more or less acute and produced ; male wth no fold or
long hair on inner area of hind wing.

A. Male with the antennae minutely fasciculate.

a fHypopyra). Male with an erectile tuft of long hair from
■ femoro-tibial joint of fore legs; the tibia; and hind tarsi not
'fringed with long hair, nor the hind wing clothed with long
tvooily hair on underside.

2630. Spirama vespertilio, Fabr. Mant. Ins. ii, p. 136 ; C. ^ S.

H^opyra^sLiva, Quen. Noct. m, p. 199 ;C. ^ S. no. 2570
H^oSra feniseca, Guen. Noct. iii, p. 200 C^ S no. 2564.
HVjoEyra ossigera Guen. Noct. iii, p. 201 ; C. f S.r^o. 2565
H^oJ^ra exti^car's, Wlk. Cat. x.v, p. 1328 ; C. ^ S. uo. 2563 a
Hypojyra pandia, Feld. Beis. Nov. pi. 115, fig. 12; C. ^

Hyjopym pallida, Moore, P. Z. S. 1883, p. 26; Lep. Ceyl. iii,
H^JoS ^Sak;^^;oS,^|^.f ?:-169 .,C.,S..o. 2563.
Differs from retorta in the abdomen being crimson, with the
dorsal area grey or brown to near extremity. Fore wing with the
stTama Sver more developed than in the form indcnta and usually
ed.^ed to spots, or to two spots on discocellulars, or altogether
absent ; the oute^ postmedial line of fore wing and the medial and
submarginal lines of hind vnng crenulate.

SPIEAMA.

555

The darkest form is vespertilio, which has the male dark brown ;
the costal and outer areas of fore wing suffused with grey and
olive ; the stigma most developed ; female much paler and greyer.
Feniseca has the male gi'ey suffused with vinous red ; the stigma
much reduced or absent ; there is often some white on the crenu-
late submarginal line of both wings ; in a Bornean specimen the
ground-colour is lilacine grey ; the female is paler and greyer,
almost white in the form extricans. Shiva has an ochreous tinge
in both sexes.

Rab. Japan ; China ; though out India, Ceylon, and Burma ;
Andamans ; Borneo. Exp., cJ 74-90, $ 72-104 millim.

b. (Enmonodia). Male with the tibice and hind tarsi fringed with
very long hair ; no e7-ectile tuft on fore tibia ; the underside
of hind wing clothed ivitJi long woolly hair.

2631. Spirama pudens, Wlk. Cat. xiv, p. 1329 ; C. Sr S. no. 2569.
Enmonodia hypopyroides, Wlk. Cat. xiv, p. 1333.
Hypopyra persimilis, Moore, P. Z. S. 1877, p. 608; C. ^ S.
no. 2568.

Differs from the form feniseca in the stigma of the fore wing
consisting of a large brown spot beyond the lower angle of cell,
which may be reduced to three spots or be absent in the form
persimilis; the two postmedial lines evenly curved, the outer
crenulate, the inner waved from costa to vein 4.

Hab. Japan ; Andamans ; Sumatra ; Borneo ; Nias. JExp. 92-
106 millim.

B. (Maxula). Antennai of male with bristles and cilia ; fore and
hind tibice sometimes sphied.

2632. Spirama unistrigata, Giien. Noet. iii, p. 201 ; C. S. no. 2671.
Maxilla idonea, Wlk. Cat. xxxiii, p. 1096.
Angerona poeusaria, Wlk. Cat. xx, p. 243.

cJ . Differs from vespertilio in being grey speckled with brown ;
the head dark. Eore wing with curved and waved antemedial,
medial, and postmedial lines ; the stigma sometimes well developed,
iisually reduced to spots or obsolete ; a pale straight submarginal
line to both wings.

5 paler and greyer.

A Burmese male has the ground-colour lilacine grey ; the female
yeUow suffused with grey and vinous red ; a Ceylon male is purphsh
with a reddish tinge and some yellow on postmedial line of fore
wing.

Ifab. Sikhim ; Assam : Burma : Trincomali. E.vp., rj 52-58
$ 54-68 millim.

556

NOOTUID^.

Genus MINIODES.

Miniodes, Ouen. Noct. iii, p. 119 (1852).

Type, M. discolor, Gruen., from Africa.
Hah. W. Africa ; N.E. India.

AntennsB thickened in male ; palpi with the 2nd joint somewhat
broad and reaching just above vertex of head, the 3rd long, blunt,
and oblique ; thorax smoothly scaled ; abdomen clothed with long
hair on dorsum ; legs smoothly scaled ; the tibisB without spines.
Pore wing with the costa highly arched ; the apex slightly pro-
duced ; the inner and outer margins forming a continuous curve.
Hind wing clothed with long hair at base ; the apex nearly quadrate.

In the typical section (Sect. I.) the antennas have long bristles
and cUia in male.

Sect. II. Antennae of male simple ; fore wing with the apex
produced to two slight projections.

2633. Miniodes ornata, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 166 ; C. ^ S. no. 2488.

Head and thorax fulvous and dark red-brown ; abdomen bluish
black. Pore wing chestnut, thickly irrorated with dark brown ; the

Fig. 315. — Miniodes ornata, cj ■ h

MINIODES. PHYLLODES.

557

black-edged lunule at loM-er angle of cell. Hind wing blue-black,
with the apical area orange, narrowing to vein 2 ; the cilia dark.
Hab. Sikhim ; Khasis. Exp. 140 niillim.

Genus PHYLLODES.
Phyllodes, Boisd. Voy. Astrolabe, Lip. p. 246 (1832).
Type, P. conspicillator., Cram., from Amboina.
Eange. N.E. India; Burma; Andamans ; Malayan region;
Philippines ; New Guinea and neighbouring groups of islands.

Differs from Miniodes in thetibias being heavily spined ; antenna
thickened and simple ; the fore wing narrower ; the inner and
outer margins quite evenly curved.

LarvcB with four pairs of abdominal prolegs.

Sect. I. Palpi with the 3rd joint minute ; fore wing with the
apex produced to a long blunt projection.

2634. Phyllodes ustldata, Westiv. Cab. Or. Ent. p. 57, pi. 28, fiff 1 •

C. S. no. 2490. ^ ' ^' '

Phyllodes despicillator, Guen. Noct. iii, p. 122.

Head, thorax, and abdomen fuscous ; the palpi chestnut. Fore
wing golden brown ; the inner area fuscous ; the basal costal area
chestnut striated with rufous ; a large rufous lunule with dark
edges at end of cell ; a rufous patch beyond the cell and spot below
vein 2 ; fuscous fascias on and below costa towards apex ; strife of
raised scales on the veins below the cell and in interno-median
interspace. Hind wing fuscous brown ; the apical area orange.

Hah. Sikhim ; Sylhet. Ex]3. 132 milUm.

Sect. 11. Palpi with the 2nd joint fringed \\ath very long hair in
front, producing a rounded form ; the 3rd long, oblique, and
knobbed at extremity ; fore wing with the apex produced to
an acute point.

2635. PhyUodes eyndhovii, Voll. Tijd. v. Ent. 1858, ii, p. 86, pi. 6
Phyllodes fasciata, Moore, P. Z. 8. 1867, p. 69 ; C.8f S. no. 2486.
Phyllodes semilinea, Wlk. Journ. Linn. Soc. vii, p. 176.

Head and thorax pale red-brown ; the basal joint of antennse
silver ; silver spots at base of fore and mid tibia. Pore wing pale
golden olive, with traces of six angulated lines ; the orbicular a
black speck ; a sinuous ocbreous mark on discocellulars, with double
rufous edge ; an oblique dark streak from apex to below the disco-
cellular mark. Hind wing brownish fuscous, with broad, irregularly
waved, orange medial band with cUffused black on each side of it •
underside with a large orange lunule on a black patch below lower
angle of cell.

Eab. Sikhim ; Assam ; Borneo. Exp. 136 millim.

558

NOOTTJIDJE.

2636. Phyllodes consobrina, Westw. Cab. Or. Ent. p. 67, pi. 28, fig. 2 ;
C. 8f S. no. 2485.
Phyllodes perspicillator, Guen. Noct. lii, p. 120. ri q ^

Phyllodes maligera, Butl. Ent. Mo. Mag. xx, p., 138 ; C. Hf

PhyUoto^roseigera, Butl. P. Z. S. 1883, p. 164 ; C.SrS. no. 2489.

Head and thorax fuscous, with a purple bloom ; abdomen blue-
black. Fore wing fuscous brown, with a purplish gloss and u-rorated
with ochreous scales ; the orbicular a brown speck ; an S-shaped
brown mark on discocellulars, its centre outlined with red-brown,
its edges brown, and two white marks on it near its lower
angle ; an oblique ochreous fascia from apex to below angle of cell,
whence it is bent down to inner margin ; a large grey-bro\vn patch
usually present between the fascia and outer angle, mth pale striae
on it. Hind wing blue-black ; a large crimson patch with white
centre at anal angle. Underside striated with white and with
whitish between the veins of the fore wing.

Pig. 316. — Phy lodes consobrina, J. \.

The form roseigera, from the Andamans, has hai-dly a trace of

white on the crimson patch. r'o„i„ri
Throughout N.E. India; Burma; Andamans; Ceylon.

Exp. 124-142 millim.

Genus OPHIDERES.

Ophideres, Boisd. Faun. Ent. Madag., Up. p. 99 (1833).
TSophae^ Kvhn. Verz. p. 263 (1818), non descr.
Mffinas, Iliihn. Verz. p. 264.
Rhytia, Hiibn. Verz. p. 264.
Othreis, Hiibn. Verz. p. 264.

OPHIDEEBS.

559

Corycia, Hiibn. Verz. p. 265.
Adris, Moore, Trans. Z. S. xi, p. 69 (1881).
Khadira, Moore, Trans. Z. 8. xi, p. 69.
Purbia, Muore, Trans. Z. S. xi, p. 70.
Argadesa, Moore, Trans. Z. S. xi, p. 74.

Type, 0. fuUonica, Linn.

Range. Throughout the tropical zone.

Palpi with the 2nd joint thickened and reaching vertex of head,
the 3rd blunt and naked ; antennae minutely ciliated in male ;
metathorax with slight tufts ; abdomen clothed with coarse hair on
dorsum ; tibise not spined and clothed with long hair. Eore wing
with the costa arched ; the apex acute ; the inner margin lobed
and with tufts of hair near base and at outer angle.

LarvcB with four pairs of abdominal prolegs, the first pair rudi-
mentary.

Sect. I. {Mognas). Palpi with the 2nd joint very short and not
spatulate. Fore wing with the outer margin straight ; the
ciHa non-crenulate.

2637. Ophideres salaminia, Fair. Ent. Syst. iii, 2, p. 17 ; Moore, Lop.
Ceyl. iii, pi. 161, fig. 1, a, h (larva) j C. 8f S. no. 2478.

Head and collar plum-colour ; thorax green, the metathoracic
tufts and abdomen orange. Fore wing golden green ; a broad
cream-coloured costal fascia from near base of inner margin to apex,
striated with pale red and turning to green at costa ; a cream-
coloured marginal band ; a curved red streak below vein 2. Hind
wing orange, with large black lunule beyond lower angle of cell ; a
black marginal band with cilial whitish spots from costa to vein 2.
Underside of fore wing fuscous, orange at base, and with broad
whitish postmedial band not reaching costa or inner margin ; the
cilia whitish.

Larva dark purpHsh grey with a few whitish specks ; the 4th,
5th, and 6th somites with small yellowish subdorsal spots, beneath
which, on 5th and 6th somites, is a red-ringed black ocellus with
whitish pupil ; 11th somite with a conical reddish dorsal tubercle.
Before changing to pupa the colour becomes ohve-brown with dark
specks ; a pale lateral fascia on medial somites and purplish fascia
from the tubercle to last abdominal proleg. Food-plant, Menisper-
mum.

Hah. Madagascar ; Formosa ; throughout the Oriental region to
Australia and Fiji. Exp. 80-104 milUm.

Sect. II. Palpi with the 3rd joint long and spatulate at
extremity.

A. Fore wmg with the a^yex not produced; the outer margin rounded.
a. Fore iving with the cilia non-crenulate.

2638. Ophideres ancilla. Cram. Pap. Exat. ii, pi. 149, F; Moore,
Ceyl. iii. pi. 161, fig. 3, a, b (larva) ; C. if S. no. 2475.

560

NOCTUIDiE.

Phala3na strigata, Donov. Ins. Ind. pi. 54, fig. 2.
Othreis homoena, Hiihn. Verz. p. 264.
Ophideres bilineosa, WlJc. Cat. xiii, p. 1227.

cJ . Head and thorax fulvous brown ; the collar, metathoracic
tufts, and tibiae with an orange tinge ; head and collar with a purple
bloom ; abdomen orange. Pore wing olive-green, suifused with
purplish red-brown and striated with rufous ; dark subbasal and
antemedial lines and slightly curved postmedial line ; traces of
some waved medial lines ; an indistinct reniform stigma and dentate
submarginal line. Hind wing orange, with large black lunule beyond
lower angle of cell ; a submarginal band with waved edges from
costa to vein 2. Underside of fore wing with the postmedial band
orange.

2 . Pore wing much darker, with deep purple and chocolate tones ;
a broad verditer-green fascia below the cell, sending bars to inner
margin near base and outer angle, and conjoined to the green reni-
form spot.

Larva purplish brown, with numerous blue specks and large
yellow patches on 3rd, 4th, and 5th somites, the two latter forming
ocelli with yellow iris and azure-blue black-edged pupil ; 8th and
9th somites with irregular yellow patches ; a dorsal tubercle on
11th somite. Food-plant, Menispermum. Pupa orange, burnished,
and roughened.

Hah. Throughout India, Ceylon, and Burma. Exp. 80 miUim.

b. (Ophideres). Fore wing with, the cilia non-crenulate in male,
crenulate in female.

2639. Ophideres Mlonica, Linn. Syst. Nat. i, 2, p. 812 ; Moore, Tram.

Z. 8. xi, p. 64, pi. 12, figs. 1, l a (larva) -,0.^8. no. 2477.
Noctua dioscoriffi, Fabr. Sp. Ins. ii, p. 212.^
Phatena pomona, Cram. Pap. Exot. i, pi. 77, C. n x v

Phalasna cajeta. Cram. Pap. Exot. i, pi. 30, A, B, O; C. ^- ii.

no. 2476. .
Ophideres multiscripta, Wlh. Cat. xni, p. 1226.

Head and thorax red-brown suffused with plum-colour ; abdomen,
orange. Pore wing red-brown, usuaUy with a greenish tinge and
irrorated with dark specks ; an oblique antemedial line, generally
dark and indistinct, but sometimes pale and prominent; the reniform
indistinct ; a curved postmedial line, almost always met by an oblique
streak from apex. Hind wing orange, wdth a large black lunu e
beyond lower angle of cell; a marginal black band with ci lal pale
spots from costa to vein 2. Underside of fore wmg with the post-
medial band orange. , • j j i

9 Pore wing much more variegated and striated with dark led-
brown ; the reniform dark and sending a spur along median nervure
to below the orbicular speck; a triangular white mark usually
present on the postmedial line below vein 3.

Larva. 11th somite dilated and surmounted by a tubercle ; colour
dark purpHsh brown, the dorsum brown from 6th to 11th somites ;

OPHIDBEES.

561

legs red ; spiracular scarlet patches largest posteriorly and with some
irregular white markiugs round them, on somite 9 in the form of
an oblique white bar; a yellow subdorsal mark on 4th somite-

Fig. 317.— OphideresfuUonica, i^. |.

black ocelli with yellow iris and white pupils on oth and 6th somites
and two yellow patches on 11th somite. aumiies,
ITab. Mvica ; throughout the Oriental region to New Guinea and
Australia. &j>., ^ 80-94, $ 90-110 miUim. ^"^^"^^^

c. (Argadesa). Fore wing with the cilia crenulate in both sexes.

JNoctua hybrida, Fabr. Syst. Ent. p. 693.

v""^ greenish grey; abdomen orange. Pore

with th'p nnT^ Postmedial and subapical black bands ; hind wing
T ^th rufous ; a black spot on coTta^

vr5iira?i^gr^^^'^«^-^^ ^ ^^-^

rufous'^-'^h.^t'l T-f" "^^''^ Proimnently striated with

mous , the sdyery patches below and beyond ceU very lar-e and

rrThr^?' by white streaks above%ein 2 and beVonS cell

2 0

5g2 NOCTTJIDiE.

B. (Khaclira). Fore wivg luith the apex produced to a rounded lohe.
2641. Ophideres aurantia, Moore P^Z^S 1877 p. 607; id. Trans.

Head and thorax ferrngiuous, suffused with plum-colour; abdomen
orante Pore wing ferruginous, with dark stria, and slight purple
Soom the veins speckled with blue; the reniform green and
inSioct a dark liL from apex to centre of mner margin, some-
times S green patches beyond it. Hind wmg orange, with a
fari bhick Ce beyond lower angle of cell ; a submarginal patch
ttweerveir? and 2. Hnder.idl orange ; fore wmg with black
marbelow angle of ceU and beyond the cell between veins 3 and
5 rhind wing with the lunule and patch of upperside, or the latter

sometimes wanting. 190 millim

Bab. Ceylon; Andamans ; Borneo. Exp. 108-120 miUim.

Sect. III. Palpi with the 3rd joint highly spatalate at extremity.
A (Adris). Fore wing highly produced at apex, the outer margin
^ very obliquely rounded.

and striated with ru ous ; an ^^^^^^/^^^^^^^ of inner
.eniformandorW^^^^^^

""'Tit tL outefaVea Sometimes with pale patches toNvards

inside It the o^t^i ai ^^^^^^ ^^^^

outer angle ; a b uespecii: neai u beyond lower angle of

wing orange, with very l^yg^^^Jl^^^/^^i^f ecLs from costa to
cell; a black submarginal band wnth wave^^^^

vein 2. Underside «-"S^j//'^?^XS,^^^^^^ band.

Exp. 110-120 miUun.
B. (Ehytia). Fore win^ -ot produced at apex; tU outer margin

2643 Ophideres hypermnestra, Cranu Pap. E.ot. iv, pi. 323, A, B ;
C &■ S. no. 2480. -, . i

iJad and tbo,« yello»-g..en ; p.lpi. coli-, nm! ..g»l»

OPHIDERBS . — CALPE.

563

marked with grey ; abdomen orange, the anal tuft brown. Fore
wing yellow-green, with dai-k strias ; some grey patches on inner
and outer areas ; an oblique rufous antemedial line ; a very oblique
rufous line from the costa before apex to centre of inner margin
and curved below the costa, where it is joined by a dark streak
from the apex. Hind wing orange, with a black spot at lower
angle of cell and another above anal angle ; the marginal area black
from apex to vein 2 and with marginal and cilial white spots, its
inner edge waved. Underside of fore wing with the postmedial
band white.

? with large and small white rufous-striated patches and spots
on fore wing below and beyond cell, at outer angle, and below
apex.

Hah. Throughout India, Ceylon, and Burma. Exp. 88 millim.

2644. OpMderes cocalns, Cmm. Pap. E.vot. ii, pi. 134, B- C. &■ S

no. 2479. > > ; •

Noctua maculata, Weber, Observ. Ent. p. 111.
Ophideres plana, Wlk. Cat. xiii, p. 1226.

Differs horn Jiypermnestra in having no black spot on hind wing ;
the black marginal band with nearly even inner edge and extending
to anal angle.

Hah. "Coromandel"; Sylhet ; Java. ^iv^j. 86 millim.

2645. Ophideres discrepans, Wlk. Cat. xiii, p. 1227 ; Moore, Trans.

Z. 8. XI, p. 71, pi. 14, fig. 1 ; C.SfS. no. 2484.
Ophideres archon, Feld. Reis. Nov. pi. 113, fig. 3.

Head and thorax grey-brown, with a purplish bloom ; abdomen
orange. Fore wing purplish grey-brown, irrorated with fuscous;
traces of medial, postmedial, and submarginal lines ; green patches
at base, middle, and end of cell, two beyond its lower angle with
white spots on them, and some on the submarginal line. Hind
wing orange, with large black lunule beyond end of cell ; a broad
b ack marginal band from costa to vein 2; the cilia chequered
black and white.

Hah. Assam ; Siam ; Singapore ; Java. Exp. 96 millim.

Grenus CALPE.

Cnlpe, TreitKche, Schmett. Eur. v, pt. ii, p. 138 (1825).
Lalyptra, Oc/w. Schnett. Eur. iv, p. 78 (1816), pr£eocc.
Oncsia, Gtien. Noct. ii, p. 362 (1852)
Culasta, Moore, P. Z. 8. 1881, p. 376.
Hypocaipe, Bull. P. Z. 8. 1883, p. 157.

Type, C. capucina, Esp., from Europe and Japan.
lianf/e. All regions except the Australian.

Palpi porrect, the 2nd and -3rd joints rringed below with very
long hair ; the frontal tuft large ; metathorax with very slight
tutts ; abdomen with coarse hair on dorsum ; tibijE without spines

2o2

gg^ NOCTUlDiB.

and but slightly hairy. Fore wing with the costa slightly ^/f^^f ;
the apex acute, the outer margin excurved at vem 3 ; the inner
margin lobed near base and at outer angle.
Larvce with 3 pairs of abdominal prolegs.

Seot. I. {Galpe). Antenna of male bipectinate, the branches short.
2646. Calpe ophideroides, Quen. Noct. ii, p. 374; C. ^- S. no. 1221.

Head and thorax red-brown, irrorated with grey; abdomen
oranee-vellow. Pore Aving red-brown suffused with grey and
S ™-ous fine pale stL, traces of subbasal antemedia and
mediaUines; black specks at the two angles of cell, a straight
rufous line from apex to inner margm just beyond middle. Hiud
wing orange-yellow. Underside orange-yellow, the outer area of
fore wine: brownish fuscous.

h1. N.W. Himalayas; Nepal; Singapore. Rvp. 70 milhm.

2647 Calpe bicolor, Moore, P. Z. S. 1883, p. 19 ; Waterh. Aid, n,
pi. 150, fig. 4 ; C.SfS. no. 1218.

Differs from ophideroides in the fore wing being more Produced
at apex, and with a more silvery sheen ; the subbasal, an^emed'al
and medial hues more distinct; the cilia chestnut. Undeiside
with the outer area of fore wing orange-yellow.

Mab. Kangra. Exp. 56 millun.

2648. Calpe fasciata, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 151 ; C. ^ S. no. 1219.
Differs from Ucolor in being without the reddish tin^e; the

binding and underside brown ; the outer angle of fore wing less

Shnla ; Kdngra; Sikhim. Ea,p. 54 miUim.

2649. Calpe orthograpta, Buti. Ill Set. vi, p. 25, pi. 107, fig. 2;

C. 8f S. no. 1222.

medial line.

Hob. Sikhim. Exp. 66 milhm.

S.0..II.(0.™.).A— ofm*

3rd joint produced to a point, tore wmg
margin angled at vein 4.

OriBsia metaUescens, Gue7i. Noct. u, p. JW.

OALPB, 565

c? . Head and collar fiery orange ; thorax red-brown ; abdomen
fuscous. Eore wing red-brown suffused with pm-plish ; numerous

indistinct slightly waved obliquelines;
a dark streak on median nervm-e ;
an oblique double line from apex to
inner margin beyond middle, filled in
with pale near apex ; the area beyond
it suffused with gold. Hind wing
ochreous white, suffused with fuscous
towards outer margin.

$ . Tore wing much more varie-
gated ; a diffused chocolate patch
Fig. 318. below middle of cell ; a white streak

CalTpe emarginata, ^ ■ \. on vein 2 ; abdomen and hind wing

fuscous. °
Larva. Dark violet-brown, with a subdorsal series of scarlet and
yellow spots, and sublateral series of white dots
42 mimm ' throughout India, Ceylon, and Burma. Exp,

2651 . Calpe rectistria, Guen. Nod. ii, p. 363 ; C. ^ 8. no. 1227.

6 ■ Differs from emarginata in the fore wing being considerablv
longer and more produced at apex ; the abdomen, hind wing and
underside much paler. ^'

Hal. Dharmsala ; Sikhim ; Sylhet. Exp. 52 millim.

Sect. III. {Culasta). Antennae of male minutely cUiated.
A. Fore iving with the outer margin angled.

2652. Calpe provocans, Wlk. Cat xii, p. 943; 0. & S. no 1226

a|K'°riT' <^*y^- P- 77, pi. 153, fig. 4;

6 . Differs from the female of emarginata in the palpi hemg
dark; fore wmg with a silver streak on vein 2 before the oblique

?' daJker' ^ ^^^"^ ^""^ ''P^^-

Bab. S. Africa; Sylhet; Nilgiris ; Ceylon. Exp. 48 milHm.

B. Fore wing with the outer margin rounded.

2653. ^^^^^'^^^l^ornis Guen Met ii, p. 374; Moore, Lep. Ceyl.
lu, pj. fags. 3, 3 a (larva) ; C. ^ S. no. 1220.

Head and thorax pale red-brown, thickly irrorated with grev •
abdomen pale fuscous. Fore wing paler red-brown, with a sS
and' melaUhr°"r""^ P^^^ stri^^^races of subbaLal, antem S
b^in.? n. "^"^ ' ^ 1'"^ ^r«^ to inner margin

beyond middle ; a series of submarginal speck . Hind win- mle
fuscous ; the cilia whitish. " ?

ggg NOCTUIDiE.

Differs from capucina only in the antennae not being pectinated ;
a greyer race is foiuid in Manipur. bordered

''Larva olive-grey, with a subdorsa series W^^l^^^^^^^^^
yellow spots, and a sublateral series of specks enclosed ironi 4t i
Lmite by a pinkish-bordered black line; h^'^d °f ^' ^
iXd lateral ^black spots; legs pale pink. Pood-plant, Cocculus

""];:?rCoughout mdla and Ceylon ; Java. E.p. 50 miUim.

2654. Calpe indecisa, Moore, P. Z. S. 1881, p. 377 -,0.^8. no. 1232^
Tore wing with the lobe and hook on inner margin slight and

±teaa -^^^ numerous indistinct fuscous specks

outer margin.

Eab. Bombay. Ea-jy. 38 millim.

Genus PSEUDOCALPE, nov.
Type, and W. India ; N.lgii-is.

JiKt. .1 ... ... I-

and at outer angle.

Sect. I. Antennae of male serrate and fasciculated.
2655 Pseudocalpe angulif era, Moore, P. Z. S. 1881, p. 373 ; C. ^- S.
DaWa'tterica, S.inL P. Z. S. 1886, p. 439, pi. 40, fi,. 8;

C. S,- S. no. 1117. , ggg 447 . C. <^ -S. no. 1885.

Calpe hif asciata, Hmjjsn. III. Bet. ^ ni, p. oi

Pale reddish ochreous or brown.
Pore wing with numerous dark
striffi ; an oblique ochreous hue trom
middle of cosla to hmer margin near
base ; a postmedial line angled below
the costi, then oWique to middle of
inner margin. Hind wing semihya-
line with an ochreous tinge.

Hab. AV. India; Nilgms. E-W-

, ^'S- ^""r'r J J. 23-28 millim.
Pseudocalpe aiijiuijcra, c3- t-

PSEUDOOALPB. — PLUSIA.

567

Sect. II. Antennae of male bipectinate to thi-ee fourths length.

2656. Pseudocalpe vagahunda, Sivinh. P. Z. S. 1884, p. 519, pi. 47,

fig. 5 ; C.^S. no. 1228.

Brownish ochreous. Tore wing irrorated with dark specks ; an
indistinct oblique diffused dark medial line ; a sinuous ochreous
line from outer margin below apex to inner margin beyond middle.
Hind wing ochreous white.

Mab. Aden ; Karachi, ^xjj. 30 millim.

Genus AESACIA.
Araacia, Wlk. Cat. xxxiv, p. 1259 (1865).
Type, A. saturatalis, "Wlk.

Range. Throughout India, Ceylon, and Burma; Penang; Borneo.

Palpi porrect, the 2nd joint thickly scaled, the 3rd minute and
acute ; no frontal tuft ; antenna3 almost simple in male ; thorax
and abdomen smoothly scaled ; the tibiffl naked. Pore wing with
the apex quadrate ; the outer margin rounded ; the inner margin
lobed and with slight tufts of hair near base and at outer angle ;
veins 7, 8, 9, 10 stalked.

2657. Arsacia saturatalis, Wlk. Cat. xxxiv, p. 1260; Moore, Lev.

Ceyl. iii, pi. 152, fig. 8; C. Sf S. no. 1231.
Arsacia frontinifa, Swinh. P. Z. S. 1885, p. 301, pi. 20, fio-. 12 ;
C. ^ S. no. 12S0.

Head and thorax rufous ; abdo-
men fuscous. Pore wing bright
chestnut ; the costa suffused with
pink ; an oblique line from the
apex to middle of inner margin,
the area beyond it sulJused
with pink and with indistinct sub-
marginal and marginal series of

Arsaciamturat2s,d. h patches of dark scales. Hind

wnig dark fuscous.
The tovm frovtiruf a is much darker.

Eah. Punjab ; Bombay ; Nilgiris ; Ceylon ; Penang ; Borneo.
-Erp. 18 millim.

Grenus PLUSIA.

Plusia, Ochs. Schmett. Eiir. iv, p. 89 (1816).
Euchalcia, Hiihn. Verz. p. 250 (1818).
Polychrysia, Hiibn. Verz. p. 251.

Type, P. chrysitis, Linn., from Europe.
Range. Universally distributed.

Palpi upturned, the 2nd joint reaching vertex of head, the
antenusD of male ciliated ; thorax with a very large spreading tuft
on the vertex; abdomen with three large dorsal tufts on basal

568 NOCTUIB^.

segments, and lateral and anal tufts more or less strongly de-
veloped in male. Fore wing hooked at outer angle.
LarvcB with 2 paii-s of abdominal prolegs.

Sect. I. (Plusia). Palpi with the 3rd joint short ; hind femora
of male not tufted with long hair.

2658. Plusia limbirena, Guen. Nod. ii, p. 350 ; Moore, Lep. Ceijl. iii,
pi. 152, fig. 5 ; C.Sf S. no. 2165.
Plusia confusa, Moore, Lep. Atl\ p. 149 ; C.^ S. no. 2158.
Pkisia gamma, Koll. {nec Linn.) Hiigel's Kaschmir, iv, p. 481.

Head and thorax clothed with grey and black scales ; abdomen
pale with the dorsal tufts dark. Pore wing fuscous, wdtb a cupre-
ous tinge ; ill-defined darker medial and submarginal patches ; the
minutely waved double subbasal and antemedial lines with silvery
specks on them ; the orbicular and reniform small, indistinct, and
with pinkish edges ; a prominent silver Y-mark below the cell ;
the minutely waved double postmedial line angled inwards above
vein 1 • traces of an irregularly sinuous submarginal hne ; a small
pinkish patch on centre of outer margin; a marginal series of
black specks. Hind wing pale at base; the outer area suftused
with fuscous ; cilia pale ; underside with indistinct lunule at end
of cell and waved postmedial line.

Hah. St. Helena; S. Africa; Madagascar; Aden ; IN .W. Hima-
layas ; Sikhim ; Nilgiris ; Ceylon. Exp. 42 millim.

2659. Plusia Jessica, Butl. A.M.N. H. (5) i, p. 201, 1878; id. III.
PlSa serei N. IL (5) iv, p. 368, 1879.

Differs from limbirena in the head, thorax, and fore wing being
much greyer. Pore wing with the lines less waved and more
oblique ; the stigma a gamma-mark. Hind waug darker fuscous.

Hah. Japan ; N.W. Himalayas. Exp. 36 millim.

2660. Plusia furcifera, Wlk. Cai. xii, p. 927 ; C. c?- .S. no. 21 77 (part.).
Plusia mutans, Wlk. Cat. xxxiii, p. 839 ; Hmpsn. III. Het. ix,

pi. 162, fig. 5; C. ^ -S. no. 2166.

Differs from Umhirena in the head, thorax, and fore wing being
pale brownish with a golden tinge and irrorated with dark brown ;
the Y-mark much less prominent, its arms narrow and obsolescent;
the small patch on the outer margin pale. Hmd wmg almost
uniform fuscous ; the cilia pale. _ or

Hah. N.W. Himalayas ; Poena ; Nilgms. E.vp. 36 miilim.

2661. Plusia signata, Fabr. Ent. Syst. iii, 2, p. 81 ; C. S>- S. no. 2177

(part.). ... „„„

Plusia diminuta, Wlk. Cat. xxxui, p. ^6'.

Differs from Umhirena in the head, thorax and fore ^^•ing being
pale reddish brown ; abdomen paler, with the dorsal tufts small.

PLUSIA.

569

Fore wing with a cupreous tinge ; the subbasal, ante- and post-
medial lines more prominent and less waved ; some black specks
beyond the subbasal line ; the tail of the Y-mfirk detached from
the arms ; the patch and black specks on outer margin absent.
Hind wing nearly uniform pale or dark fuscous.

Hob. W. Africa ; Ceylon : Java ; Piji. Exp. 32 millim.

2662. Plusia nigriluna, Wlk. Cat. xii, p. 931 ; Moore, Lpp. Ceijl. iii,

pi. 152, figs. 2, 2 fl (larva) ; C. ^- S. no. 2167.

Differs from signata in the head and thorax being dark purplish
grey, some of the scales of the thoracic tuft orange; abdomen
dark fuscous, with pale lateral hairs at base ; the dorsal tufts
dark. Tore wing dark purplish grey with golden patches near
base, on median area, and at outer angle ; the Y-mark large and
prominent, the arms almost filled in with silver, which has a slight
golden tinge ; the postmedial line more crennlate ; the marginal
patch and specks present. Hind wing dark fuscous, with the cUia
pale.

Larva olive-green, darkest beneath, with a few fine dorsal hairs ;
the somites spotted with black. Pupa green, with dorsal segmental
brown streaks.

Hah. Sikhim ; Ceylon. Exp. 32 millim.

2663. Plusia eriosoma, Doubl. Bieffenbach's Neiv Zealand, ii, p. 285.
Plusia verticillata, Guen. Nod. ii, p. 344 : Moore, Lev. Cetil. iii.

pi. 152, fig. 6 ; C.8i- S. no. 2180. ' ^ y >

Plusia rogationis, Ouen. Noct. ii, p. 344.
Plusia includena, Wlk. Cat. xii, p. 914.
Plusia hamifera, Wlk. Cat. xii, p. 917.
Plusia acuta, Wlk. Cat. xii, p. 922.
Plusia integra, Wlk. Cat. xii, p. 931 ; C. Sf S. no. 2163.
Plusia adj uncta, Wlk. Cat. xxxiii, p. 840.
Plusia dyaus, Grote, Can. Ent. vii, p. 202.

Differs from signata in the head, thorax, and fore wing having
a reddish tinge ; abdomen with the lateral and anal tufts often
black in the male. Fore wing with much more gilding on the
basal, medial, and outer areas ; the antemedial hue more oblique.

Fig. 321. — Plusia eriosoma, tS • V-

the postmedial more oblique and sinuous ; the Y-m^irk large,
prominent, and golden, the arms often filled in with golden and
occasionally Joined to the tail.

570

NOCTUID^.

Some specimens are much darker than others.

Larva green, the back palest, with indistinct dorsal and lateral
pale lines. Eood-plant, Ficiis.

Hah. N. and S. America ; Wadelai ; Aden ; Japan ; China ;
throughout the Indian, Malayan, and Australasian regions. E.vjj.
42 millim.

2664. Plusia nigrisigna, Wlk. Cat. xii, p. 928; Butl. III. Set. vi,

pi. 110, fig. 4 ; C.Sf S. no. 2168.

Differs from eriosoma in the lower arm of the Y-mark being
nearly straight and almost touching the autemedial line ; a small
bright chestnut patch beyond the end of its tail ; a sinuous golden
mark on outer edge of reuiform, with three black specks in its
undulations.

Some specimens are darker than others.

Hab. N.W. Provinces; the Himalayas from Simla to Sikhim.
Exp. 40 millim.

2665. Plusia ni, Hiibn. Noct. pi. 58, fig. 284.
Plusia humilis, Wlk. Cat xii, p. 915.

Plusia extrahena, Wlk. Cat. xii, p. 929 ; C. 8f S. no. 2161.
Plusia significans, Wlk. Cat. xii, p. 930 ; C. Sf S. no. 2178.

Differs from eriosoma in the head and thorax being mingled grey
and ferruginous ; abdomen ochreous white, with the dorsal tufts
ferruginous. Pore wing grey, without gilded areas ; the subbasal,
ante- and postmedial lines ferruginous and more waved; the
orbicular and reniform ferruginous ; the Y-mark more slender,
with rufous centi-e; the submarginal Hne more promment and
dentate. Hind wing pale fuscous ; the base pale ; the ciha

whitish. . 17 1 \

Hab. San Domingo; Europe; St. Vnicent (Cape Verds);
Aden : Japan ; China ; N.W. India. Exp. 38 milhm.

2666. Plusia purpureofusa, n. sp.

Differs from nigrisigna in the head, thorax, and fore wing being
suffused with purple. JFore wing with the Hnes red-brown ; the
antem_edial Hne angled just below the costa ; the stigma either
small with the arms separate from the tail, or large and conjoined ;
the mark on discocellulars with its outer edge slightly indented
and the black specks minute; the postmedial line double, angled
below costa, and not curved. The rufous mark beyond che tail ot
Y may be absent, and the golden suffusion on inner area and near

""^^aKikhim; Bernardmyo, Burma, ^a:^^. 40 millim. Type in
coll. Elwes.

2667. Phisia ohtusisigna, Wlk. Cat. xii, p. dm - Moore, Lep. Ceyl

iii, pi. 162, tig. 1, 1 « (larva) ; C ^ S. no. 2169.
Differs from nigrisigna in the head, thorax, and fore wing being

PLUSIA.

571

whitish grey, the last with gilded patches above the Y-mark, which
is white, with the tail joined to the arms, and on the submarginal
line ; an irregular black basal inark below median nervure ; no
sinuous black-speckled mark on outer edge of reniform.

The Burmese specimen is large, with the tail of the Y-mark
separate from the arms.

Larva green with white dorsal lines, subdorsal streaks, and
lateral dots ; black dots on 4th to anal somites ; medial prolegs
pale red.

Hah. Poena ; Nilgiris ; Cej'lon ; Burma. Exp. 32-40 millim.

2668. Plusia gutta, Guen. Noct. ii, p. 346.

Plusia albostriata, Brem. Beitr. Nord. Chin. p. 18, no. 97.
Plusia argyrosigna, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 149 ; C. 8. no. 2154.

Differs fi'om eriosoma in the head, thorax, and fore wing being
purplish grey, the last with the medial area below the cell suffused
with reddish brown ; the antemedial line more silvery ; the silvery
Y-mark very large and fiUed in wdth silver, the arms joined to
the tail ; some silvery specks at angle of cell ; the postmedial line
straighter. Hind \ving paler.

In the Nilgu-i specimen the Y-mark is narrow, the specks at end
of cell larger.

Hab. Europe ; Japan ; China ; Dharmsala ; Nilgiris. Exp.
38 milhm.

2669. Plusia circumflexa, Linn. Syd. Nat. \, 2, p. 844 ; C. ^ S. no. 2157.
Plusia patefacta, JVlk. Cat. xii, p. 924 : Umpsn. III. Het. viii,

pi. 149, fig. 1.

Head and thorax clothed with grey and brown hairs ; abdomen
brownish fuscous. Fore wing grey, clouded in parts with coppery
fuscous ; a waved silvery subbasal line ; tlie antemedial line
straight and oblique, obsolete from the costa to median nervure,
where it is joined by the lower arm of the V-mark, which has no
tail to it and is surrounded by some dark brown ; the postmedial
hne oblique and almost straight, dentate below vein 2 ; the
irregularly sinuous submarginal hne black, with two indentations
between the median nervules ; fine marginal and cihal lines. Hind
wing fuscous, the basal area palest, the cilia whitish ; underside
with cell-spot and postmedial line.

Hah. Europe; Teneriife ; S.Africa; Nilgiris. ^.173. 40 millim.

2670. Plusia permissa, Wlk. Cat. xv, p. 1786; C. 8f 8. no. 2173.

d'. Differs from circumflexa m the head, thorax, and abdomen
being red-brown ; the anal tuft blackish. Fore wing much suf-
fused with coppery red-brown ; the ante- and postmedial lines
more sinuous, the latter angled inwards below vein 2 ; the sub-
marginal line obscured by the coppery patches. Hind wing
reddish fuscous.

Hah. Canara. Exp. 36 millim.

572

NOCTUID^.

2671. Plusia dautei, Boisd. Ind. M6th. p. 159 ; C. 8f S. no. 2159.
Plusia ciliaris, Wlk. Cat. xii, p. 9:^8 ; Butl. III. Bet. vi, pi. 110,

fig. 6 ; C.S( S. no. 2156.
Plusia indicator, Wlk. Cat. xii, p. 922.

Differs from circumflexa in being paler grey without the purpli&h
tinge, and suffused with pale golden brown. Fore mng with the
veins whitish ; the ante- and postmedial lines more erect ; the
oi'bicular and reniforin with white edges ; the V-mark more
elongate and separate from the antemedial line.

The male has the lateral tufts on abdomen fulvous.

Hah. Europe; Senegal; Congo; Himalayas as far east as
Sikhim. Exp. 34 millim.

2672. Plusia lobifera, Moore, P. Z. S. 1881, p. 358; C. Sr S. no. 1822.

(S . Head, thorax, and abdomen pale brownish fuscous, the
vertex of head white. Fore wing brownish white ; the costal and
central inner areas and the area beyond the cell fuscous-grey ;
a double waved antemedial line, indistinct except towards inner
margin ; an elongate claviform spot ^vith black outline ; an
indistinct lunule on discocellulars ; a double sinuous postmedial
line, incurved below cell ; series of black submarginal streaks and
marginal specks ; the cUia fuscous intersected vdth white. Hind
wing fuscous, with the cilia white.

Ilcib. Bombay. 34 mUlim.

2673. Plusia pyropia, Bidl. A. M. N. II. (5) iv, p. 367.

Head orange-red ; thorax red-brown, the tips of the scales
white ; abdomen pale brown, the dorsal tufts rufous. Fore wing
grey-brown ; the medial area below the cell and the whole outer
area except the anal angle suffused with golden copper ; the ante-
and postmedial lines nearly straight, the former obsolete above
median nervure ; the upper part of the stigma ' crochet '-shaped
aud not piaed to the round spot ; an irregularly waved submarginal
line. Hind w-ing brownish fuscous.

Hah. Japan ; Dharmsala ; Sikhim ; Nagas. E.vp. 34 millim.

2674. Plusia ornatissima, Wlk. Cat. xv, p. 1786 ; C. c^- S. no. 2171.

Plusia chalsytis, Koll. (nec Treit.) HiiyeVs Kaschrnir, iv, p. 482.

Differs from pyropia in the metallic markings being more brassy,
those near outer margin less diffused ; the costal portion of the
subbasal line silvery; the antemedial line angled below median
nervure ; the two portions of the Y-mark very large, prominent
and silvery; a golden speck on each side of the orbicular and
reniform; the postmedial line more erect. Hind wing dark
fuscous.

Hah. Japan ; China ; N.W. Himalayas ; Sikhim. E.rp. 40 milhm.

PLUSIA.

573

2675. Plusia pannosa, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 149; C. c^- S. no. 2172.
Differs from pyropia in the ground-colour being paler. Fore

wing with the inner area beyond the anteinedial line and the
outer area dark golden copper-colour, leaving a juarginal line and
triangular patch of the ground-colour at outer angle ; white-
ringed black specks in cell and at its lower angle ; the stigma small,
its arms not filled in with white.
Eah. Sikhim. Exp. 3-i millim.

2676. Plusia ochreata, Wlh. Cat. xxxiii, p. 839; Moore, Lep. Ceiil.

iii, pi. 151, fig. 4 ; C. Sf S. no. 2170. ' > ^ J

Differs from pyropia in the thorax being more suffused with
fiery orange. Fore wing with the copper colour confined to the
apical part of outer area ; the stigma consisting of a fuscous and
white streak fi-om the costa at the antemedial hue to the post-
medial line at vein 2, these being ahnost erect and the latter
sinuous.

Hob. Hongkong; Formosa; Simla; Nagas ; Nilgiris ; Ceylon.
Expi. 30 millim.

2677. Plusia impulsa, Wlk. Cat. xsxiii, p. 838 ; nmpsn. III. Set. ix.

pi. 162, fig. 11 ; C.^ S. no. 2162. " ' ^ '

Head and thorax fiery orange ; abdomen pale. Fore wing rosy
grey, with brilliant coppery red patches at end of cell, on inner
medial area, and at apex ; the antemedial line oblique and silvery ;
the Y-mark small, with the tail disconnected from the arms ; some
slight silvery marks at end of cell; the postmedial line evenly
curved ; the submarginal line shghtly sinuous. Hind wing pale
fuscous.

Bah. Travancore ; Ceylon. Ex2). 30 millim.

2678. Plusia orichalcea, Fabr. Sp. Ins. ii, p. 227.

Phatena chrysitina, Martyn, Psyche, pi. 21: Moore, Lep. Cevl
ni, pi. 152, fig. 7 ; C. Sf S. no. 2155. ^ I' y ■

Noctua chryson, Esp. Schmett. iv, pi. 141, fio-. 2.
Phalasna asrifera, Smoerby, Brit. Misc. pi.' 29.
Noctua aurifera, Eiibn. Eur. Schmett. pt. 98, fig. 463.

Head, collar, and vertex of thorax reddish orange ; tegulse and
fore wing pale red-brown; the last mth the subbasal, ante- and
postmedial waved lines very indistinct, fine, and white ; the sub-
marginal line irregularly lunulate ; the orbicular and reniform
with hne white outlines ; the whole of the outer area, except the
inner margin, occupied by a brassy golden patch which extends
towards the base below median nervure, further in chrysitina than
in the typical form, ffind wing pale at base, the outer area
fuscous.

iarw. Bluish green, with a few short dorsal hairs; slender
dorsal white lines and a prominent lateral hue. Food-olant
Coreopsis. '

574

NOCTUIDJE.

Hah. Azores ; Madeira ; Canaries ; St. Helena ; Ascension ;
S. Africa ; Mauritius ; Arabia ; Japan ; China ; Formosa ;
throughout India and Ceylon. Exi^. 44 millim.

2679. Plusia hehetata, Butl. III. Het. vii, p. 71, pi. 131, fig. 1.

Head, thorax, and fore wing pinkish ; the last with, diffused
brown subbasal, antemedial, and medial bands ; the postraedial line
almost straight ; the u-regularly dentate submarginal line with a
coppery patch beyond it. Abdomen and hind wing brownish
fuscous.

Hah. Japan ; Kulu. Exp. 44 millim.

2680. Plusia agramma, Guen. Nnct. ii, p. 327 ; Moore, Lep. Ceyl. iii,

pi. 152, fig. 3, 3 a (larva) ; C. Sf S. no. 2153.
Plusia inchoata, Wlk. Cat. xxxiii, p. 841.

Differs from hehetata in being grey-brown without the rosy
tinge. Fore wing with the patches bronze instead of coppery, the
postmedial line sinuous.

Larva green, with lateral black spots ; some short black pointed
spines on the back, stoutest on the 4th, 5th, 6th, 7th, and 11th
somites ; a prominent white subdorsal and lateral waved hne.
Pood-plants, Gucurbitacece.

Hah. Japan; Sikhim ; Bombay; Canara; Ceylon; Java; Aus-
tralia. Exp. 40 millim.

2681. Plusia fracta, 7F/7c. C«i. xii, p. 920. ^ , -.^-i ^ m
Plusia placida, Moore, Lep. Ceyl. ui, p. l2>, pi. 151, bg. iU ;

C. ^ S. no. 2174.

Head, thorax, and fore wing brownish grey, in the darker speci-
mens olive-grey. Fore wing Avith the ante- and postmedial lines
straight and oblique, the former obsolete above median nervure,
the area between them below the cell bronzy ; the submarginal hne
slightly sinuous; an almost marginal bronzy straight line.
Abdomen and hind wing fuscous. . . p, , st„„

Hah. Abyssinia; Congo; N. India; Nilgiris ; Ceylon. Exp.

38-42 millim.

2682. Plusia tetragona, TFZ^. xii, p. 932 ; C.| S. bo. 2179
Plusia semivitta, Moore, P. Z. S. 1867, p. 6-3, pi. b, tg. l-i ,

C. Sr S. no. 2176. . , • ^ n

Plusia pui-issima, Butl. III. Het. ii, p. 3o, pi. xxxi, fig. 11.

Differs from fracia in the head, thorax, and fore wing being
whitish grey, the last with the markings fuscous instead of bronz) ;
a silvery Y-mark with the arms small. .

In Himalayan typical forms the antemedial hne is P^o^t
from the costa to median nervure, obsolete in the Japanese fonn
which also has the tail of the Y-mark separated from the arms,
and a dark mark at lower augle of cell.

Hah. Japan ; Dharmsala ; Kulu. Exp. 40 milhm.

PLTTSIA.

575

2683. Plusia modesta, Ililbn. Bmtr. i, p. 1, pi. i, fig. 1 a.

Noctua illusti'is, Fabr. Mant. Ins. p. 104.

Plusia illustris, var. uralensis, Ev. Bull. Mosc. xv, 1842, p. 553.
Euchalcia cashmirensis, Moore, P. Z. S. 1881, p. 376 ; C. ^ S.
no. 2186.

Grey ; the head, collar, and tegnlao tinged with pale fulvous ;
abdomen grey, with the dorsal tufts fulvous. Fore wing grey,
typically with a rosy tinge, in the Himalayan form casJimirensis
greenish ; cupreous fulvous patches on costa, medial area below
vein 2, and near outer angle ; the subbasal line indistinct ; the
pale double ante- and postmedial lines almost straight ; the pale
submarginal line slightly sinuous ; orbicular and reniform with
slight pale edges ; a white U-mark below the cell ; slight cupreous
patches on outer margin at apex and centre ; a pale marginal line.
Hind wing fuscous ; darker in cashmirensis. Underside ochreous ;
the disk of fore wing fuscous.

Jlab. Europe ; Kulu ; Kashmir. Exj>. 36-40 millim.

2684. Plusia oxygramma, mihn. Zutr. p. 37, figs. 769, 770.
Ahrostola transfixa, Wilt. Cat. xii, p. 884 ; C. 8f S. no. 2185.
Plusia subchalybaea, Wlk. Cat. xxxiii, p. 833.

Abrostola nubila, Moore, Lep. Ceyl. iii, p. 549.

Head, thorax, and fore wing dull brown with a grey tinge ; the
subbasal, ante- and postmedial waved lines brownish and indis-
tinct; the orbicular narrow, elongate, and brown, with white
edges ; a white streak on median nervure conjoined to a brown
streak with pale edges on vein 2, terminating at the postmedial
line ; a dark dentate submarginal line. Hind wing fuscous, pale
at base.

The form suhchalyhcea differs in the orbicular not being brown,
and in having some dark suffusion on vein 2 instead of the brown
pale-edged streak.

Hah. Georgia (Asia); Japan; China; N.W. Himalayas; Nil-
giris ; Ceylon; Java; Australia; Fiji. ^^t^j. 42 millim.

2685. Plusia anargyra, Guen. Noct. ii, p. 351.

Plusia ppoliata, Wlk. Cat. xii, p. 923: Hmpsn. HI. Het. viii
pi. 149, fig. 7.

Plusia reticulata, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. 148 ; C. 8f S. no. 2175.

Head and thorax red-brown, with white tips to the scales ;
abdomen pale brown. Fore wing brown, with a purplish tinge and
golden suffusion towards outer margin ; the markings slight,
indistinct, and formed of golden scales ; the subbasal, ante- and
postmedial lines sinuous ; the orbicular and reniform small ; an
elongate V-mark on vein 2 ; an u-regularly dentate submarginal,
and more regular and prominent marginal line. Hind wing
brown ; underside pale, with cell-spot and postmedial line, beyond
which is some fuscous suffusion.

Hah. Congo ; Madagascar ; Sikhim ; Nilgiris. Exp. 36 millim.

576

tsrocTiriDJE.

268G. Plusia lectula, Wlk. Cat. xv, p. ;i679 ; Moore, Lep. Ceijl. iii,
pi. 146, flg. 2 ; no. 2164.

Plusia kalitura, Fold. Beis. Nov. pi. 110, fig, 24.

Head and thorax dark red-brown and grey ; abdomen pale.
Pore wing dark red-brown and purplish grey; an antemedial
rufous line ; a broad white streak along median nervure and vein
2 as far as the postmedial line, which is bent outwards at vein 5,
a large red-brown patch above the streak ; reuiform grey with
while lines on its inner and outer edges ; some red-brown sub-
marginal dentate marks, with a white streak below those near
apex ; a rufous submarginal line ; two fine marginal lines and a
white line through the cilia. Hind wing pale fuscous,

Hab. Bengal ; Canara ; Ceylon. Exj). 28 millim.

Sect. II, Male with the hind femora heavily tufted with hair.

2687. Plusia seneofusa, Swinh. MS.

. Head, collar, and vertex of thorax orange-fulvous ; tegulae
and abdomen brown, the last with parts of the anal tuft pale.
Pore wing purplish grey, with the medial area below the cell brassy
gold and patches on the outer area below the apex and at outer
angle; the subbasal, antemedial, medial, and postmedial Hnes
nearly straight ; the orbicular and reniform very uidistinct ; an
irregularly sinuous submarginal line. Hind wing brown.
Eab. Sikhim ; Khasis. Exj). 40 millim. Type in B. M,

Sect, III, (PolycJirysia). Palpi with the 3rd joint long and
clothed with long hair to near apex,

2688. Plusia crassipalpus, Sivinh. MS.

Head and thorax dark brown with a pink tinge ; the tufts on
metathorax fulvous ; abdomen fuscous, with the dorsal tufts red-
brown. Pore wing brown suffused with pink ; a basal triangular
dark mark with silver specks on its edges ; a curved double ante-
medial line ; a silvery Y-mark with its tail detached from the
arms; a silvery speck at lower angle of cell; a dark bar beyond
cell; a double waved postmedial line; an irregularly sinuous
submarginal hne ; the outer edge of the antemedial line below
ceU, the areas below end of cell and before submarginal hne
cupreous. Hind wing pale at base, fuscous towards outer margin,
Underside of fore wing fuscous, the outer margin pale ; hind wing
pale, with broad postmedial fuscous band.

The Java specimen is much paler, without pink suftusion ou

fore wing and thorax. . -n ivr

Hab. Khasis; Java, Exp. 38-42 milhm. Type m B. M,

ABBOSTOLA. ILtTSIODONTA. 577

Genus ABROSTOLA.
Abroatola, Oehs. Schmett. Eur. iv, p. 83 (1816).
Type, A. ti-iplasia, Linn., from Europe.
^■ikS"' ^^^'"'"'^'''^ ^"^^ Patearctic regions ; S. Africa ; Japan ;

Differs from Plusia in having raised tufts of scales on the fore
wing and the outer angle not hooked.

2689. Abrostola anophioides, Moore, Lea. Aik. p 148 • n &■ f!
no. 2184. 1 ■ ^

Fuscous brown. Abdomen of male with dense lateral tufts of

hair. Fore wing with the basal
and outer areas slightly paler;
slightly waved ante- and post-
medial lines, the former with
red-brown on its inner edge, the
latter on its outer ; the orbicular,
reniform, and a mark below the
cell large and indistinct, with
Fig. 322. narrow outlines of raised black

Abrostola an<ypMoides, ^. scales; an indistinct pale waved
• 1 T TT- , . submarginal line and black mar

gmal hne Hind wing with the basal frea palest; an ncMne
postmedial hne; the underside suffused with grey, ^ith Tcell
spot and waved postmedial line. ^
Hah. Sikhim. Exjp. 48 milhm.

Genus PLTJSIODONTA.

Plusiodonta, Guen. Noct. ii, p. 3-59 (18.59)
Deva, Wlk. Cat. xii, p. 962 (1857).

Type, P eompressipalpis, Guen., from N. America.

outer margin more or less L2d nf -''Pi'\f'^'''^^

tufts of sclles aHele and £tt J<^;"t' ^^''g"^ ^^-ith

between them. Legtro^hly'tallf '''^ ""^"^ '^^^'^
W^S; t^.^^^^-^^ - the male.

Sect. II. ^Deva.) Male with the antenna minutely ciliated

nnt£T f'l^T-^ ^^-!"=V''^a^chnnr, iv, p. 482
'usiodoi ta chaLsytoides, Guen. Noel ii d Am . '1/ , r
Ceyl. m pi. 1.5;^, Hgs. l,'l « (larva) -C^ t So J!""'"' ^'P'
Deva conducens, Wlk. Cat. xii, 963 ' ^

VOL. II. '

2p

578

NOOTUIDiB.

Phisia agens, m/. iZeis. iV'-oy. pi. 110, fig. 32
Plusiodonta auripicta, Moore, Lep. Atk. p. loO ; C. <^ «S. no.
Head and collar ruFous ; thorax and abdomen grey-brown. Fore
wing red-brown suffused with golden bronze and more or less
irrorated with blue-grey scales ; indistinct antemedial and medial
waved lines; an oblique double sinuous postmedial line angled
below the costa; the orbicidar and reniform indistinct ; a very
irreeularly sinuous submarginal golden band with dark edges,
^ ^ interrupted at vein 3. Hind wmg

darl?; fuscous ; the cilia pale.

The form auripicta is rather darker
and more marked with blue-grey.

Larva purplish black with grey
specks and streaks ; the 7th and 11th
somites with pinkish patches; head
reddish.

Hah. Throughout India, Ceylon,
and Burma; Aiidamans; Java. Exp.
32-36 millim.

Fig. 323.

Thisiodonta ccclonota, S-

Genus TINOLITJS.
Tinolius, Wlh. Cat. iii, p. 621 (1855).

S^^e.^SitE'rtSoSont continental India, Ceylon, and
Biu-ma; Audamans ; Cambodia. ^.■ „i.^,i ;„

Xlpi obliquely porrect and hairy; antenna bipectmated m

■pig. 324:.— Tinolius eburneigutta, c?- 1-
1 T fo^ in female • thorax without tufts ; abdomen with
Larvm with two pairs of abdommal prolegs.

2691. Tinolius eburneigutta, ^I^'^- ^«^-^V/no V?^""' ''''''
iii, pi. 171, figs. 10, 10 « (larva) -,0.^8. no. n6.

Head, thorax, and ^P^^X^^sTS:^^^^
thorax with paired .^^'^^^fS'^^i^^^'^'^i 'bright red-brown; a
^\r"''\^trbte trS^nd whil s^orat'mldL of cell and two
:^e:^Zt Iwo'oVtLrite manl on centre of inner margin ;

TINOLIUS. — CALESIA,

C79

eosta aud cilia crimson. Hind \ving and underside crimson. Legs
crimson, spotted with black.

Larva (p. 428) pm-plish black, with yellow transverse lines and
spots to the somites ; 4th, 5th, and 6th somites with long black
spatnlate dorsal filaments ; the head spotted and streaked with
yellow. Pupa dark red-brown marked with golden yellow.

Hah. Silvhim ; Sylhet ; throughout peninsular India and Ceylon ;
Burma; Andamans. Exjp., <s 46, $ 58 millim.

2692. Tinolius CLuadrimaculatus, Wlk. Cat. xxxi, p. 281.
Tinolius zingha, Siviiih. Trans. Ent. Soc. 1890, p. 185, pi. vi, fig. 12.

S ■ Differs from ehumeigutta in the white spot at upper angle
of cell of fore wing being small or obsolete ; the hind wing with
the base and inner margin crimson, the remainder fuscous brown.

Hah. Sikhim; Moulmein ; Beeling; Cambodia. Exp. 52-60
millim.

2693. Tinolius hypsana, Sivmh. P. Z. S. 1889, p. 405.

6 . Differs from ehumeigutta in the ground-colour of the head,
thorax, and abdomen being orange, of the fore wing fawn-colour,'
of the hind wing whitish. '

Hah. Sikhim ; Khasis. Exp. 72 millim.

Genus CALESIA.

Calesia, Guett. Met. iii, p. 257 (1852).
Pasipeda, Wlk. Cat. xv, p. 1794 (1858).
Mecyi-a, mk. Cat. xxxiii, p. 979 (1865).
Carandana, Moore, Zap. Ceyl. iii. p. 45 (1885).

Type, C. dasyptera, Koll.

Range. Kilimanjaro ; China ; throughout India, Ceylon, aud
Burma ; Java ; Philippines ; Taboga.

Palpi upturned and smoothly scaled, the 2nd joint reaching
vertex of head, the 3rd long and naked; antenna ciliated and
with bristles to the joints in male. Thorax, abdomen, aud legs
smoothly scaled. Hind wing with the cell very short.

Larval with two pairs of abdominal prolegs. "

Sect. I. {Pa.npeda). Tore wing with no tuft of hair in male ;
veins 8 and 9 anastomosing to form an areole.

A. Antennm of male without a tuft ofJiair at middle.

2694. Calesia haBmorrhoa, Guen. Noct. iii, p. 258 ; C. Sf S no "638
Calesia patna, Feld. Reia. Nov. pi. 117, fig. 17.

Varies in colour from dark red-brown to dark fuscous • palin
scarlet ; abdomen scarlet except at base ; coxa; of fore legs and tibia?
scarlet. Fore wing with a slight grey speck on the discocellulars •
a very incLstinct post medial line bent inwards below the cell ; a

2p2

580 ]!fOOTUID;E.

waved submarginal Hue. Hind wing with indistinct medial and
postmedial lines.

Hab. India, Ceylon, and Burma. Exp. 46 milkm.

2695. Calesia rufipalpis, Wlk. Cat. xv, p. 1795 ; C.^ S. no. 2639.
Differs from hcemorrhoa in the abdomen being only slightly

suffused with crimson ; the anal tuft fulvous ; the legs brown ; the
head, thorax, and wings very dark red-brown ; the last with a tew
scattered pale scales and a white spot at end of cell of fore wing ;
the cilia whitish at tips.

Uah. Travancore ; Ceylon. Exp. 44 milhm.

2696. Calesia phseosoma, Rmpsn. III. Het. viii, p. 90, pi. 147, fig. 2.
Differs from rufipalpis in being fuscous brown : the abdomen

without any red ; the cilia not white-tipped.
Hah. Nilgiris. Exp. 42 millim.

2697. Calesia satellitia, Moore, Lep. Cmjl. iii, p. 184, pi. 171, figs. 6, 6 a

(larva) ; C.^S. no. 2640.

Head, collar, coxae of fore legs, and tibiae fulvous the tibiiB with
a terminal black spot ; thorax and base of abdomen fuscous brown,
the remainder of abdomen crimson above. Wings fuscous brown ;
fore wing with a large white spot at end of ceU and a submarginal
irregular series of smaller spots. , , , . , •

Sva dark purplish brown ; some short dark hairs on anterior
and nosterior somites; some yeUow transverse stripes on the
::gm?nt1 each of which has a pair of divergent dorsal spots ; some
lateral spots and streaks ; head and legs yellow-spotted.

Hah. W. and S. India ; Ceylon. Exp. 44 mdhm.

B. Aniennce of male thiclcened, with a large tuft of
long hair before middle.

2698. Calesia roseiceps, n. sp.

^ Head, collar, and abdomen bright crimson; thorax and

"IVl&Toort (Mmer). Exp. 50 milUm. Type in
coll. Elwes.

Sect II Eore wing with a very large tuft of hair beyond the cell
below the costl in male, and the costal nervules curved.

A. (Calesia). Fore wing with veins 8, 9, 10 staVced in both sexes.

2699. Calesia dasyptera, KoU. MiffeFs Kaschmir, iv, p. 476; C. Sf S.
Erebuf Sucostio^a, KoU. HiUjeVs EascJ.nur, iv, p. 476; Moore,

Lep. Ceijl. iii, pi. 171, hg. f'-.. „ -

CnleL comosn. Gnen. Nod. m, p. 258, pi. 21, fig. i.
Calcsia stigmoleuca, Gum. Noct. in, p. ^o».

CALBSIA. 581

d". Greyish red-brown ; the head, collar, and abdomen crimson ;
coxre of fore legs and tibice of fore and mid legs crimson.

Fig. 325. — Calesia dasyptera, . \.

2 with a white spot at end of cell of fore wing.
Hah. China; throughout India, Cevlon, and Burma, ^vb
6 50, ? 40 millim. "

B. Male with veins 8, 9, 10 of fore ivimj stalked; female tvith veitis
8 and 9 anastomosing to form an areole.

2700. Calesia fuscicorpus, Smpsn. HI. Set. viii, p. 90 pi 147

iigs. 8, 9, 11}

Differs from dasyptera in being greyer; the abdomen not
crimson.

Hab. Nilgiris: Travancore; Ceylon. Exp., j 50, $ 40 millim.

C. Male with vein 5 of the fore iving from upper angle of cell ; veins
8, 9, 10 stalked; female ivith vein 5 from lower angle of cell;
veins 7, 8, 9, 10 stalked.

2701. Calesia flabeUifera, Moore, P. Z. S. 1878, p. 849: Hmpsn. III.

Het. ix, pi. 166, figs. 2, 8 ; C. 8^ S. no. 2643.

Differs from dasyptera in the antennaa being white ; the colour
bright red-brovvn ; the wings irrorated with white scales ; fore
wing with indistinct medial and waved submarginal hne. Hind wing
with the ciUa white-tipped.

Hah. Ceylon; Tenasserim. Exp., c5 48, $ 40 millun.

D. (Carandana). Male with veins 8 and 9 of fore tving
anastomosing to form an areole.

2702. Calesia fasciculosa, Wlk. Cat. xv, p. 1760 ; Hmpsn. III. Het. ix.

pl. 165, fig. 11 ; a ^ S. no. 1852.
Calesia ein-us, Feld. Eeis. Nov. pl. 108, fig. 44.

d pure white ; tibite spotted with black. Fore wing with the
outer half suffused with pale fidvous ; a black subapical spot beyond
the tuft ; three black specks on the costa.

Hah. Travancore; Ceylon; Java; Philippines, ^'.c^j. 36 millim.

582

B. (Mecyra). Male with the fore wing shorter than the hind wine/ ;
the 'inner margin rntwh lobed and forming a continuous curve
with the outer margin ; the apex somewhat acute ; veins 8 and
9 anastomosing to form an areole in both sexes.

2703. Calesia gastropaclioides, Guen. Nod. iii, p. 258; C. Sf S.
no. 2644.

Mecjra invaria, Wlk. Cat. xxxiii. p. 980.

S . Pale reddish brown ; the palpi and anal tuft with a fulvous
tinge. Fore wing with an indistinct postmedial line.

2 more fuscous brown; the wings sUghtly irrorated with
white scales ; a white spot at end of cell of fore wing.

Hab. Bengal; Upper Tenasserim ; Java. Exp., 6 44, ? 40
millira.

ALPHABETICAL INDEX.

abdominalia (Alphtea),
24.

abdominalis (Leucania),
273.

abdominalis (Spilosoma),
10.

abraxoides (Nyctemera),
49.

Abrostola, 577.
abrupta (Eublemma),
342.

absentimaoulata (Oplii-

usa), 498.
abstracta (Axylia), 281.
Aoaatholipes, 520.
accipiens (Blenina), 378.
accipiter (Agrotis), 189.
aooiirata (jEgocera), 159.
acerba (Acontia), 314.
aceris (Acronycta), 241.
acervalis (Metacbroslis),

327.
Achoea, 493.
acbatina (Noctua), .500.
acbiae (Bocaua), 375.
acidaliaria (Zagira), 347.
acisalis (Nepbopteryx),

405.
Acontia, 322.
AcontiinsB, 291.
acontioidea (Eublemma),

339.

acontioides(Pisara), 144.
Acrapex, 2815.
Acronicta, 240.
Acronycta, 240.
acronyctoides (Bamra),
465.

acronyctoides (Barasa),
377.

' acronyctoides (Oatephia),
482.

acuininata (Acutipenna),
287.

acuta (Plusia), 569.
acuta (Ophiusa), 498.
aeutata (Trigonodes),
527.

Acutipenna, 287.
adauota (Lithosia), 80.
Adisura, 173.
adita (Bizone), 58.
Adites, 105.
adjuncta (Enplexia),
209.

adjuncta (Plusia), 569.
Adrepsa, 64.
Adris, 559, .562.
adidans (Thalpochares),
342.

adulatrix (Eusemia), 152.
adidatrix (Eutelia), 391.
adusta (Leucania), 275.
adusta (Opbiusa), 497.
Aedia, 481.
.Egilia, 400.
jEgocera, 157.
iBgoceroides (Eusemia),
155.

ajgrota (Litbosia), 80.
Eegi-ota (Nepita), 106.
iEmene, 91.
aiaea (Cletbarra), 386.
aineofusa (Plusia), 576.
lEuescens (Plotbeia), 370.
ajqualis (Eugoa), 99.
icquiliuea (Steiria), 402.
aei'ilera (PbaliEna), 573.
JBthiops (Oallopistria),
256.

affinis (Cosmia), 321.
afUnis (Dooela), 520.
afllicta (Eusemia), 152.
afgbana (Oatocala), 441.
Agabra, 253, 256.
Agaristida;, 148.
agens (Plusia), 578.
Agonisba, 463.
agranima (Plusia), 574.
Agi'isius, 64.
Agrophila, 310, 313.
Agrotis, 180, 181.
Alamis, 474.
alba (Migoplastis), 45.
albescens (Ououlia),
238.

albescens (Nagasena),
360.

albicans (Macrobrochis),
65.

albiceps (Butelia), 392.
albiceps (Hadena), 203.
albicilia (Amphipyra),
192.

albicilia (Mimeusemia),
160.

albicincta (Alamis), 474.
albicincta (Nyctipao),
461.

albicola (Polydesma),
466.

albiooUis (Noctua), 310.
albicosta (Axylia), 281.
albioosta (Diduga), 96.
albicosta (Leucania),

276, 279.
albicosta (Oruza), 349.
albicosta (Pseudaoidalia),

351.

albicostata (Eurois), 228.
albida (Eublemma), 341.
albidens (Homoptera),
476.

albidilinea (Noctua),
202.

albidisca (Hadena), 215.
albifascia (Ommato-

phora), 458.
albifascui (Zalissa), 157.
albifiais (Sidyma), 67.
albiflexura (Euplexia),

210.

albigutta (Stridova),
251.

albilinea (Sypna), 449.
albinota (Euplexia), 215.
albiorbis (Erastria), 300.
albiorbis (Thalatta), 411.
albipennia (Agrotis),
186.

albipennia (Cuculia),
239.

albiplaga (Euplexia),

584

ALPHABETICAL INDEX.

albipuncta (Bryophik),
299.

albirena (Euplexia), 212.
albistigma (]3ryophila ?),
299.

albistigma (Leucania),
27f).

albistriga (Oreatonotus),
28.

albiati-iga (Naranga), 334.
albitibia (QonitiB), 409.
albivena (Axylia), 280.
albivenata (Leucania),
279.

albivitta (Leucania), 276.
albivitta (Ophiusa), 500.
albivitta (Othora), 369.
olbocinerea (Gnopbrin),
70.

albodentata (Sticto-

ptera), 403.
alboraaculata (Euplexia),

211.

albomaculata (Eutelia),
393.

albomarginata(Euseniia),
150.

albonota (Euplexia), 213.
albonotata (Oletbarra),
384.

albonotata (Taracbe),
312.

albopunctata (Panilla),
477.

albopurpurea (Oarea),
424.

alborosea (Litbosia"), 56.
albosignata (Xanthia),
170.

albostriata (Plusia), 571.
alboteota (Otbora), 369.
albovittata (Euplexia),
217.

alboTittata (Phycidopsis),
288.

alboTittata (Sypna), 446.
alchemista (Catephia),
481.

Aletia, 269, 277.
aleuca (OdontodeB), 400.
algira (Ophiusa), 600.
aliena (Agrotis), 249.
aliena (Dordura), 511.
aliena (Girpa), 470.
alix (Spiredonia), 468.
alliciens (Ortesia), 564.
Aloa, 26, 28.
Alope, 15.
alope (Lacera), 491.
Alpenus, 3.
Alpba;a, 20.

alphea (Phalrena), 175.
altei'nans (Chlumetia),
376.

amabilis (Cyana), 57.
amabilis (Eublemma),
339.

amanda (Eemigia), 470.
Amatbes, 180.
amatrix (Eusemia), 149.
ambidenB (Melipotis),
451.

ambigua (Spailotis), 188.
Anierila, 38.
ammonia (Pbalsena),
531.

Amphigonia, 545.
Amphipyra, 190, 191.
Aujphissa, 29.
ampbix (Lvncestis), 479.
Aiurella, b77, 379.
amygdalis (Opbiusa),

502.
Ainyna, 250.
AnachroBtis, 100.
anaidina (Aorouycta),

240.

analis (Ophiusa), 501.
anargyra (Plusia), 575.
Ancara, 223.
auoilla (Noctua), 502.
ancilia (Ophideres), 559.
Andala, 11.

andamana (Miltochrista\
115.

Androstigma, 96.
Anereutliina, 509.
anfi-actuosa (Ophiusa),
627.

angulata (iEgilia), 392.
angulata (Nola), 140.
angulifera (Eublenima),
343.

angidifera (Leucania),
276.

angulifera (Litbosia),

angulifera (Pseudocalpe),
566.

angulipalpis (Hypocala),
453.

angulipennis (Blenina),
379.

anila (Nepita), 106.
anisodoides (Oruza), 350.
Anisoneura, 455.
annulala (Triorbis), 366.
annulifera (Eai-ias), 134.
anodonta (Conservula),
246.

anonialum (Idopterum),
104.

Anophia, 481.
anopbioides (Abrostola),
577.

anopB (Spiredonia), 457.
Ansa, 444.

antecedens (Briarda),
469.

antennata (Deiopeia), 65.
antennnla (Elusa), 258.
Antliophila, 338.
anthyalus (Stictoptera),
403.

antica (Homoptera),
475.

antica (Leucania), 275.
antica (Litbosia), 79.
antica (Remigia), 532.
Anuga, 389.
Anumeta, 477.
anysa (Pandesnia), 466.
apameoides (Perigea),

211.
Aphusia, 132.
apicalis (Clettbarra), 386.
apicalis (Doranaga), 362.
apicalis (Dordura), 511.
apicahs (Erygia), 445.
apicalis (Hypretra), 508.
apicalis (Hypopyra),

470.

apicalis (Ilattia), 251.
apicalis (Mosara), 485.
apicalis (Nudaria), 123.
apicalis (Panilla), 467.
apicalis (Sidynia), 67.
apicalis (Sphetia), 167.
apicalis (t-ypna), 450.
apicifascia (Eutelia), 394.
Apopestes, 190, 192.
Appana, 246.
Apphadana, 520.
apricans (Heliothis), 371.
apriformis (Capotena),

419.
Apsarasa, 290.
arabica (Noctua), 315.
Arachnognalba, 373.
arama (Cyana), 62.
Aramuna, 516, 617.
Arasada, 348.
Arboricornus, 258.
archesia (Eemigia), 626.
archon (Ophideres), 563.
Arcilasisa, 282.
arctata (Dilemera), 45.
Arete, 485.
Arctia, 15.
Arcliida;, 1.
Arctiina.', 1.

arctota'nia (Ophiusa),
501.

ALPHABETICAL INDEX.

585

arcuata (Chiiria), 417.
arcuata (Millocbrista),
112.

arcuata (Ophiusa), 499.
arcuatiiin (Nyctemera),

47.
Arens, 24.

arefacta (Thermesia),
535.

arenacea (Oaradrina),
260.

arenacea (Metacbrostis),
331.

Argadeaa, 559, 56] .
argentalis (Eliyncho-

palpus), 143.
argeiitata (Mioardia),

309.

argentea (Westerman-

nia), 359.
argentifrons (Xanlho-

ptera), 317.
argillacea (Anthophila),

339.
Argina, 50.
arginalis (Areas), 26.
Argiva, 458, 459.
argus (Argina), 51.
argus (Moorea), 32.
argyria (Pisara), 145.
Argyropbyes, 139.
argyrosigna (OrKsia),

565.

argyrosigna (Pliisia),
571.

Argyvothripa, S80.
Ariola, 367.
Ariolica, 129.
aristifera (Agrotis), 182.
Armana, 547, 549.
armigera (Heliotbis),

174.
Arsacia, 567.
artaxoides (Cbariclea),

179.
Artena, 493.
Artbisma, 413.
artocarpi (Lycleno),

114.

aruna (Eusemia), 149.
Ascalapha, 493.
ascripta (Selea), 147.
aspersa (Hypocala),
453.

assamica (Lyelene), 108.
associata (Eemieia),
526.

asiigina (Nola), 140.
astrea (Pelocbyta), 38.
astraja (Pbaktna), 51.
alkinsoni (Adisura), 173.

atkinsoni (Oiicullia),
238.

atkinsoni (Zalissa), 157.
Atohnis, 69.

airalba (Nyctemera), 47.
atrata (Macrobrocbis),
65.

atriceps (Q-yrognatba),
347.

atriplicis (Tracbea), 214.
atrosignata (Melipotis),
477.

atrotumens (Ballatba),
126.

atrovirens (Euplexia),
219.

atrovirens (Hypern-^

tenia), 195.
attacicola (Opbisma),

547.

Attatba, 527, 528.
Aucba, 193.
Aucbmis, 283.
auragoides (Cosmo-

pbila), 411.
aurantia (Opbideres),

562.

aurantiaca (Euplexia),
216.

aurantiaca (Hamodes),
547.

aurantiaca (Millo-
cbrista), 114.

aurata (Erastria), 301.

aureola (Cbariclea), 179.

aurioularis (Noctua),
503.

aurilera (Noctua), 573.
auriflaTa (Capissa), 85.
auriflua (Litbosia), 81.
aurigera (Euplexia),
215.

auripalpis (Hydrelia),
334.

auripicta (Plusiodonta),
678.

auripicta (Neuria), 201.
auriplena (Eurois), 214.
aurora (Lyelene), 112.
auroviridis (Euplexia),
215.

austeni (Cbelonomor-

pba), 154.
austera (Noctua), 187.
Autoceras, 91.
Avatba, 507.
aversa (Agrotis), 181.
Axia, 387.
Axiopoena, 37.
axis (Am\na), 251.
Axylia, 180.

Azazia, 533, 634.

bacoalix (Mestleta), 343.
badia (Metacbrostis),
330.

bastica (Hyelopsis), 305.
Bagada, 316.
bala (Zalissa), 156.
Ballatba, 126.
Bamra, 465.
Baniana, 513.
Bankia, 307. ■
Baorisa, 357, 358.
Barasa, 376.
barbara (Noctua), 175.
Bariana, 374.
Barsine, 107, 108.
basalipunetata (Xantbia),
171.

basalis (Apamea), 210.
basalis (Bankia), 305.
basalis (Clettbarra),
384.

basalis (Olina), 406.
basalis (Gonitis), 409.
basalis (Harmatelia),
542.

basalis (Mimeusemia),
159.

basalis (Eisoba), 399.
basalis (Rivula), 335.
basiclavis (Agrotis), 189.
basifascia (Otbora), 369.
basifera (Taracbe), 314.
basigera (Litbosia), 83.
basilinea (Leueaiiia),
271.

basimicans (Nola), 139.
basinola (Siniareea), 90.
basipuncta (Padenia),
99.

basisignum (Opbiodes),
610.

basistriga (Gtrapbiphora),
184.

basistriga (Tegulata), 86.
Batraobarta, 443.
Beana, 465.
Beara, 427.

beatrix (Cbariclea), 178.
beema (Sidyma), 67.
Belciana, 465, 471.
bella (Siglopbora), 135.
bellatrix (Eusemia), 152.
bellissima (Cyana), 61.
belucba (Caradrina),

261.
Bematba, 546.
benenotata (Pseudopbia).

480.
Bercgra, 487.

586

ALPHABETICAL INDEX.

Bei'resa, 252.
bianoa (Cyana), 58.
biarcuala (Hypocala),
454.

biatomea (Rivula), 335,
336.

bicolor (Acronycta), 243.
bicoloi- (Oalpe), 5fi4.
bicolor (Soaptesyle),
105.

biconioa (Agrotis), 182.
bicoruis (Oaradrina), 2B2.
bifacies (Cryassa), 891.
bit'aseia (Leuoauia), 281.
bifaaoiata (Anaobrostis),
100.

bifasciata (Oalpe), 560.
bifasciata (Eublemma),
341.

bifaBoiata (Leucania),
279.

bifasciata (Litbosia), 98.
bifasciata (Noctua),
531.

bifasciata (Keraigia),
526.

bifasciatum (Spilosoma),
9.

biformis (Polydesma),
471.

bigramma (Noctua), 187.
biguttata (Alphiea), 23.
bilinea (Tinosoma), 426.
bilineatus (Acantbo-

lipes), 525.
bilitieosa (Opbideres),

560.

bimaoula (Acontia), 289.
bimacula (jEgooera),
:i 158.

bimaculata (Cbanclea),
179.

bimaculatum (Spilo-
soma), 6.

binominata (Taracbe),
313.

binotata (Gampola), 90.
binotatum (Oampto-

loina)) 32.
biocellata (Spbetta), 167
biocularis (Eivula), 334.
biocularis (Tavia), 447.
bipars (Elusa), 257. _
bipars (Metaebrostis),

329.

bipars (Sidyina), 68.
biplaga (Barias), 133.
biplaga (Leocyma), 289.
biplngella (Macotasa),
84.

biplagella (Toulisna), 84

bipuncta (Subistophleps),
125.

bipunctata (Acontia),
314.

bipunctata (Dichonia),
3.55.

bipunctata (Eugoa), 99.
bipunotella (Nyotemera),
49.

Birtba, 513, 516.
biseriata (Tbyrgorina),
14.

bisignata (Agrotis), 249.
bisignata (Celicna), 249.
bistrigata (Leucania),
270.

bivitta (Ohrysorabdia),
74.

bivitlata (Chariclea),

177.
Bizone, 56.

Blasticorbinus, 633, 636.
Blenina, 377.
boarmoides (Polydesma),
468.

boarmoides (Trisula ?),
438.

bolinoides (Briarda;,
400.

bolinoides (Tbermesia),

537.
Bombycia, 206.
boopis (Patula), 459.
Borolia, 269.
Borsippa, 616.
bosca (Oaradrina), 267.
botyoides (Xanthoptera),

316.
Brada, 419.
Brana, 492.

brassicaj (Hadena), 202.
bremusa (Oaradrina),
260.

brevipalpis (Alamis),
468.

Brevipecten, 361.
brevipenuis (Cuculia),
239.

brevipennis (Litbosia),
82.

brevirami (Agrotis), 183.
Briarda, 465.
bruneUus (Rbyncho-

palpus), 143.
Bruuia, 79.

brunnea (Litbosia), 81.
brunnea (Metaebrostis),
332.

brunnea (Pseudogonitis),
412.

brunnea (Sypna), 448.

brunneum (Spilosoma),
9.

Bryophila, 296.
bryophilina (Ariola), 406.
Bryopbilopsis, 361.
bubo (Hypaitra), 508.
bubo (Noctua), 459.
Buca;a, 26.

bulla (Eublemma), 338.

Burdria, 400.

byssina (Leucania), 272.

Oabarda, 105, 106.
Oacyparis, 126.
Oaduca, 476.
Cierulea (Arete), 486.
cajrulea (Trisuloides),
437.

cajeta (Pbaltena), 560.
cajula (Arctia), 16.
calamaria (Ourubasa),
179.

calamaria (Litbosia), 79.
calamaria (Setina), 115.
calamistrata (Euplexia),
216.

calamistrata (Battia),
251.

calamistrata (Sericia),

458.
Oalduba, 397.
calefaciens (Naxia), 496.
Oulesia, 579, 580.

Oalicula, 444.
caliginosa (iSypna), 448.
Oallasnia, 238.
callieblora (Tyana), 130.

Oallimorpba, b4.

Callinola, 146.

callisoma (Aloa), 10.

CaUopistria, 253.

Oallyna, 365.

Oalogramma, 249.

calopasa (Brana), 492.

calopistrioides (Ancara),
225.

calorifica (Dclgamma),
512.

oalospila (Sinna), 128.
Oalpe, 563, 664.
Oalpenia, 33.
Oalymera, 355.
Oalyptra, 563.
eampana (Serrodes), 510.
Oamptoloma, 31.
cana (Apaniea), 199.
cana (Barasa), 377.
cana (Hypotliripa), 383.
canaraica (Leucania),
272.

Candida (Oyana), 58.

ALPH.USETICAIi INDEX.

587

candidiila (Aloa), 28.
cunesceus (Grraphiphora),
185.

canesoens (Othora), 369.
Carma, 293.

canorul'a (Perigea), 211.
canosparsa (Polia), 2.32.
capucior (Polydesma),
471.

capella (Lacera), 491.
Oapissa, 79, 85.
Oapoteua, 419.
capriiuulgus (Nyctipao),
460.

captatua (Brevipecton),
361.

capucina (Oalpe), 563.
Oaradrina, 259.
caradrinoides (Laphyg-

ma ?), 259.
Carandana, 579, 581.
caranea (Hylodes), 462.
Carauilla, 493.
Oarbisa, 11.
Carcinopyga, 34.
Carea, 421, 423.
carissiaia (Dilemera), 46.
cashtDirensis (Auohmis?),

284.

cashmirenais (Euchalcia),
575.

cashmirensis (Melipotia),
478.

casignetum (Spilosoma),
9.

Castabala, 53.
caatanea (Grelastooera),
427.

caatanea (Polia), 233.
castaneipars (Oaradrina),
266.

caataneipennia (Semio-

phora), 206.
castaneum (Spiloaoma),

8.

catella (Achsea), 494.
catena (Tarache), 312.
oatenata (Polydeama),
4f)7.

c;itenula (Tarache), 312.
Catephia, 481, 482.
Oatocala, 439.
catoealina (Phoegoriata),
166.

catoealina (Polydeama ?),
472.

catoealina (Trisuloidea),
436.

catocaUna (Zaiisaa), 155.
catocaloidoa (Sypna),
460.

Cauninda, 525, 526.
celtis (Plotheia), 370.
ceneusalis (Bluaa), 257.
cenia (Nyetemera), 48.
centralia (Perigea), 211.
cephiae (Trigonodea),
528.

cephusalia (Ilattia), 251.
cerastoides (Agrotia),
185.

cerea (Leuoocosmia),
264.

certiflcata (Agrotia), 181.
oertior (Ophiusa), 496.
cervina (Agrotia), lti6.
cervina (Briarda), 417.
cervina (Oaradrina),
266.

cervina, var. inatabilis

(Anomis), 417.
ceapitia (Agrotis), 184.
Cetola, 434.

ceylanica (Migoplaatia),
44.

ceylonica (MimeuBemia),
160.

ceylonica (Nola), 141.
Chalciope, 527.
chalciptera (Noctua),
531.

cbalcoptera (Amphi-

pyra), 191.
Ohalla, 3.

chalaytia (Pluaia), 572.
cbalaytoides (Pluaio-

donta), 577.
cbalybea (Gyrtona),

403.

cbalybea (Micra), 341.
cbalybeata (Euplexia),
214.

cbalybeata (Eurois), 230.
chal> beata (Hermonaaaa),
197.

chalybaa (Penicillaria),

395.
Cbamaita, 125.
cbampa (Moma), 435.
Ohandata, 207, 222.
Obaudica, 127.
Obariclea, 176.
cbarmione (Pbalssna),

175.
Chaamina, 288.
Cbecupa, 227, 229.
Obelonomorpba, 154.
cheiniata (Erebua), 553.
cbenopodii (Noctua),

198.

Obera, 180, 184.
Cbilkaaa, 549.

cbilomorpha (Litboaia),
88.

Cbionosma, 56.
Cbionomera, 129.
Obiripba, 227.
chlorea (Spbingomor-

pha), 490.
cbloroleuca (Tyana),

131.

chloromella (Labanda),
375.

cbloroptera (Nonagria),
285.

cbloroatigma (Oirea),
422

Cblumetia, 376.
chota (Litboaia), 81.
cbi-omataria (Bariaa),
133.

cbromatica (Baraine),
115.

chryaitina (Pbalaena),
573.

cbrysitia (Pliisia), 567.
Obryaoeglia, 72.
obryaon (Noctua), 573.
Cbryaopera, 493.
Chryaorabdia, 73.
chryaoapila (Polytela),

169.
Cburia, 417.
Oburinga, 69, 70.
Obutapba, 207, 221.
ciacula (Platyja), 540.
cidarioidea (Eraatria), '

301, 302.
ciliaria (Pluaia), 672.
ciliata (Lygniodea), 464.
cibgera (Prodenia), 247.
cilipea (Dugaria), 475.
cilium (Spodoptera), 259.
cinctipalpia (Eutelia),

392.

cinerascens (Othora),
369.

cinereicolor (JEmene),
92.

Cingaleaa, 336.
oingaleaa (Appana), 247.
cingaleaa (Panas-sa), 92.
cingaleaa (Rbynchopal-

pua), 144.
cingularia (Noctua), 532.
einnamouiea (Leucania),

277.

ciroumdatua (Acantho-

lipea), 520.
circumiloxa (Pluaia), 571.
circumaignaca (Opbiuaa),

496.

oirrua (Calesia), 581.

588

ALPHABETICAL INDEX,

olarisaima (Hypooala),

454.
Claterna, 544.
clathrum (Homasa), 551.
olavatus (Alope), 17.
clavipalpis (Plialsena),

260.
Cleooeris, 206.
Olethrophora, 416.
Olefctharina, 379.
Olettharra, 383.
Clina, 404.

Clinophlebia, 288, 289.
Cloantha, 283.
Cloiiphora, 132.
clorana (Bariaa), 132.
clytia (Phalicna), 546.
c-nigrum (Agrolis), 188.
Ooarica, 489.
coaveatis (Nudaria), 124.
cocalus (Opbideres), 563.
coccinea (Cyana), 61.
coccinea (Miltochrista),

116.
Cocytodes, 485.
Ocecila, 389.
coelisigna (Ariola), 368.
ccjelisparsa (Sypna), 446.
ccelonota (Plusiodonta),

577.

cognata (Caradrina), 259.
cognata (Ophisma), 504.
cognata (Spilosoma), 11.
cohasrens (Spiraaiia),

553.
Colbusa, 531.
coleta (Nyctemera), 49.
collai-is (Creatonotus),

27.

collecta (Leucania), 275.
colligata (Tiridata), 409.
coUigens (Eemigia), 496.
Collita, 79.
coUivolans (Milto-

christa), 117.
colon (Lithosia ?), 82.
columba (Dandaca), 401.
combiaans (Chrysopera),

493.

combinans (Gonitis), 409.
coraitata (Bemigia), 470.
comma (Leucania), 269.
comma (Spilosoma), 10.
commoda (Gonitis),
409.

conimoides (Leucania),
274.

communicans (Eueemia),
153.

communis (Eusemia),
153.

commutanda (Polydes-

ma), 473.
comoBa (Calesia), 580.
compar (Trigonodes),

527.

complacens (Hypnitra),
507.

complana (Lithosia), 79.
complens (Hypajtra),
509.

complexa (Ocecila), 390.

complicata (Milto-
cbrista), 108.

compressipalpis (Plusio-
donta), .'■)77.

compta (Leucania), 272.

concisa (Othora), 369.

concors (Poaphila), 524.

concubia (Oatocala),
442.

concubina (Noctua), 441.
condita (Hypastra), 508.
conducens (Deva), 577.
conducta (Euplexia),
211.

confecta (Euplexia), 219.
conferta (Heliothis),
174.

couferta (Nepita), 105,
106.

conferta, var. fusca (Ne-
pita), 106.

confertissima (Raghuva),
180.

confloiens (Opbiusa),
501.

confluens (Euplexia ?),
220.

confluens (Minica), 401.
confluens (Ei-soba), 397.
conformis (Agrotis), 184.
conformis (Lithosia),
83.

confundens (Hadena),
208.

confusa (Nonagria), 285.
conf'usa (Plusia), 568.
confusa (Spilarctia), 9.
confusa (Spiramia), 653.
confusalis (Nola), 140.
congenita (Grammodes),

mi.

congerena (Miltochrista),
114.

congesta (Caradrina),
260.

congregata (Romigia),
470.

congressa (Remigia), 470.
con)ecturali9(Acronycta),
242.

eonjugata (Baniana?),
514.

conjunctana (Miltochris-
ta), 116.

conjux (Oatocala), 440.

consangiiinea (Ochro-
pleura), 188.

consanguis (Acronycta),
242.

consanguis (Hadena),
199.

Oonservida, 246.
consignata (Hermonassa),
196.

consimilis (Leucania),
275.

consobrina (Phyllodes),
558.

conspersa (Metachrostis),
327.

conspersa (Konagria),
286.

conspiciUator (Phyl-
lodes), 557.

conspicua (Noctua), 172.

conspicua (Speiredonia),
458.

conspurcata (Agrotis),
181.

consteUata (Hadena),
209.

constellata (Hybloea),
372.

constellata (Sypna), 447.
constricta (Anuga), 390.
consueta (^Thermesia),
534.

contenta (Ophisma), 495.

contentaria (Zagira), 346.

contingens (Metachros-
tis), 325.

continua (Alamis), 474.

continuatus (Oreatono-
tus), 26.

contract (Eusemia),
162.

conturbata (Briarda),
401.

couvecta (Leucania), 275.
convoluta (Noctua), 71.
Ooptoplax, 474.
Oorcura, 86.
Corgatha, 347.
cornifrons (Mudaria),
245.

cornucopia (Westerman-

nia), 359.
coronata (Opbiusa), 502.
correcta (Agrotis), 181.
correcta (Migoplastis),

44.

ALPHABETICAL INDEX.

589

corrugata (Leucania),
278.

cortioea (Agrotis), 181.
ooruscanlis (Oaradinna),
260.

corvina (Amphipyra),
191.

oorvus (Amphipyra),

191.
Corj'cia, 559.
Oorythurus, 244.
Cosraia, 321.
Cosmophila, 408, 411.
Cossa, 79.

costalis (Acontia), 313.
oostalis (Buplexia), 221.
costalis (Leucania), 273.
costalis (Ockropleura),

183.
Ooatarcha, 93.
costata (Diduga), 96.
oostata (Oruza), 350.
costata (Stictoptera),

403.

costigera (Hadena), 200.
costimacula (Polydesma),
468.

costinotalis (Oorgatha),
347.

costipannosa (Oglasa),
267.

costipennosa (Melipotis),
452.

ccstiplaga (Oallyna),
357.

coBtiplaga (Carea), 424.
coatiplaga (Oglasa), 267.
Cotanda, 253.
cracoa (Toxocampa), 245.
crambisata (Hileia), 523.
cramboides (Senta), 286.
crameri (Ophiusa), 501.
Oraspedagonia, 362
Craspedogonia, 363.
cra.ssi palpus (Plusia),
576.

Oreatonotus, 26.
creberrima (Therraesia),
536.

crepusoularis (Nyctipao),
461.

oretacea (Eublemma),
341.

cribraria (Argina), 51.
crisLatrix (Ingura), 389.
cristifei-a (Dipterygia),

235.
Crithote, 541.
crocata (Tarache), 314.
crocea (Homode.s), 364.
crotalaria; (Bombyx), 51.

cruciata (Miltoohrista),
118.

cruentata (Ourubasa),
177.

cruentata (Deiopeia), 55.
Cryassa, 390.
Orymodes, 321.
cubicularis (Nootua),
260.

cubicularis, yar. ciaeras-
oens (Oaradrina), 260.

oubitifera (Licbosia), 82.

cuoubali (Hadeua), 1 98.

cuculata (Toxocampa),
246.

Ouculia, 238.

cucuUata (Lithosia), 84.

cucuUatella (Nola), 139.

cucullioide3(Stictoptera),
401.

culaca (Eoeselia), 144.

Culasta, 563, 565.

culta (Hadena), 204.

cuneigera (Fodina), 530.

cuneonotata (Milto-
ohrista), 117.

cuprea (Agrotis ?), 190.

cuprea (Euplexia), 212.

cuprea (Ophiusa), 497.

cuprea (Pyrrhia), 173.

cuprea (Thalpophila),
225.

ou preimargo(Tropacme),
101.

cupreipennis (Amphipy-
ra), 192.

cupreipennis (Ilattia),
251.

ciiprina (Hadena), 202.
cuprina (Hermonassa),
197.

curiosa (Hypothripa),

383.
Curoba, 52.
curta (Dorika), 179.
curtipalpis (Eliocbroea),

219.
Ourubasa, 176.
curvifascia (Brastroides),

303.

curvifascia (Lyclene),
111.

curvifera (Ohora), 423.
curvif'era (Hypajtra),
507.

curvifora (Naranga), 334.
curyilerella (Subrita),
370.

cui-vilinea (Leucania),
279.

curvilinea (Sypna), 449.

curviplona (Agrotis), 185.
Oyana, 56.

cyanelinea (Euplexia),
222.

cyanivitta (Sypna), 448.
cyathicornis (Elusa), 258.
Cyclodes, 487.
cycloides (Laphygma),
259.

cydonia (Olaterna), 544.
cygnus (Leocyma), 289.
cyllaria (Ercbeia), 451.
Oyllene, 107.
cylletona (Miltoehrista),
114.

cyUota (Achaja), 451.
cymatopboroides (Do-

hertya), 63.
Cymatophoropsis, 397.

Dabarita, 421, 422.
Dadiea, 259.

dalbergia; (Spilosoma), 4.
damnipennis (Capotena),

419.
Dandaca, 400.
dasara (Setina), 115.
dasyptera (Oalesia), 680.
Data, 223.

daubei (Plusia), 572.
davallia (Episparis), 543.
deoens (Briarda), 469.
deeisigna (Setina), 113.
decisissima (Leucania),
269.

declinata (Prodenia),
247.

decora (Eeniigia), 532.
decorata (Ohariolea),177.
decorata (Epileota), 193.
decorata (Erastria ?),
302.

decorata (Eurois), 227.
decorata (Karana), 217.
decrescens (Plotheia),
369.

decurrens (Sesapa), 108.
defecta (Barsine), 118.
deficiens (Ophisma), 470.
deflorata (Hypocala),
463.

defuudens (Hypjetra),

626.
Deileniera, 45.
Deiopeia, 54.
Deiopia, 54.
delatrix (Eutelia), 391.
delecta (Caradrina), 261.
deleta (Eutelia), 392.
Delgamma, 512.
delia (Noctua), 71.

590

AITHABETIOAL INDEX.

deliana (PhalsBiia), 527.
delioata (Miltoohrista),
110.

delioia (Miltoohrista),
119.

delineata (Tbalpophila),
225.

delineosa (Homoptera),

475. . , ,

delpliinii (Ohariclea),

176.

Deltapterum, 138.
deltlFera (Chalciope),
527.

derantella(]Srepliopteryx),
405.

denotata (Leucama), 27o.
dentata (Alpliaja), 23.
deJitata (Cetola), 434.
dentata (Polia), 233.
dentatrix (Eusemia),

151. , ,

dentatug (Ehynchopal-

pus), 143.
dentieula (Leucania),
273.

dentioulata (Acronycta),
242.

denticulata (Hyperna;-

nia),194.
denticulata (Nola), 140.
denticulata (Stiotoptera),

402.

denticulosa" (Apamea),

210. , , ,

denticulosa (Megalodes),

dentifascia(Miltochnsta),
108

dentifera (CatepWa), 484.
dentilinea (Spilosoma), 4.
dentilinealis (Nagasena),

depicta (Ourubasa), 177.
deponens (Dinumma),
355.

derogata (Micra), 340.
describens (Stictoptera),
402.

descripta (Agrotis), 184.
designata (Leucama),
275. ^ ,

despicillator (Pyllodes),

557.

destituta (Metacbroatis),
327.

detersa (Homoptera),
474.

dotrita fCyana), 60.
Deva, .577.

devia (Pseudophia), 481.

dharma (Leucania), 270.
dharma (Miltochrista),
113.

diana (Chasraina), 289.
diapbanella (Palteopsis),
123.

dichromeUa (Beara), 428.
dicycla (Pacbylepis),

.338.
Diduga, 96.

didyma (Buplexia), 210.
difliinia (Cosmia), 321.
diffiaa (Bagada), 517.
diffusa (Lyclene), 107.
diffusa (Naranga), 333.
Digba, 132.

dileotissima (Pacbylepis),

337.
Dilemera, 45.
dim idiata ( Eutelia), 395.
diminuta (Aloa), 28.
diminuta (Euplexia),

219.

diminuta (Plusia), 568.
Dimya, 231, 234.
dinumeratalis (Marima-

tba), 324.
Dinumma, 354.
dioscoria; (Noctua), 560.
Dipbtbera, 293, 294.
dipbtberoides (Catepbia),

483.

diplostigma (Bamra),
468.

diplostigma (Elwesia),
172.

dipsacea (Heliotbis), 174.

Di pterygia, 235.

Diremma, 408.

discalis (Agriopisi, 466.

discalis (Dysgonia), 501.

discalis (Tbyrgorina), 13.

discibrunnea (Di-
pbtbera), 295.

discigera (Gadirtba),370.

disoinigra (Spilosoma), 8.

discios (Eemigia), 525.

discieigna (Churia), 418.

discisignata (Euplexia),
213.

discistriga (Anopbia),
482.

discistriga (Eutelia), 396.
discistriga (Hypernaria),
547.

discistriga (Lyclene),lll.
discolor (Miniodes). 556.
discrepans (Opbideres),
563.

discriminans (Minucia),
503.

discriminans (Opbiusa),
503.

disjuncta ""(Homoptera),
475.

disjuncta (Lilbosia), 74.
disjuncta (Trigonodes),
528.

dispalata (Agrotis), 187.
disparans (Lygniodea),
464.

dispila (Panilla). 476.
disrupta fPitasila), 40.
dissecta (Hadena), 200.
dissimilia (Acantbolipes),
522.

dissimilis (Seudyra). 155.
dissimilis (Oxacme), 94.
Dissolopbus, 2.53, 255.
dissoluta (Nonagria),
284,

distans (Hadena), 208.
distans (Hypopyra), 554.
distincta (Clethropbora),
416.

distincta (Eusemia), 153.
distincta (Leucania), 277.
distorta (Oatncala), 441.
distorta (Euplexia), 218.
distorta (Pangora), 19.
distorta (Prabliasa), 77.
ditrapezium (Agrotis),
188.

diurna (Pseudelydna),
420.

divatara (Cyana), 60.
diversalis (Gonitis), 412.
diversipennis (Ercheia),
451

diversipennis (Risoba),
399.

dives (Eusemia), 153.
dividena (Agrotis), 181.
diyisa (Caradrina), 265.
divisa (Eublemma), 341.
diyisa (Gnopbria), 70.
divisa (HTboma), 243.
diyisa (Metacbrostis),
331.

divisa (Nyaca), 22.
divisa (Zagii-a), 345.
divulsa (Baniana), 515.
Docela. 520.
doeilis (Selepa), 370.
Dobertya, 63.
dohertyi (Cyana), 62.
dobertyi (Sinna), 129.
Dolgonia, 79.
Dolicbe, 56.
dolorosa (Mamestra),
211.

dorainica (Glottula), 167.

ALPHABETICAL INDEX.

591

dominula (CaUimorpha),
34.

Doiiaolilora, 269.
douaus (Bleuina), 377.
Douclpra, 44, 45.
(lora (Chariclea), 180.
Doranaga, 352.
Dordura, 511.
Dorika, 176.
dorsalisi (Gyrtona), 406.
dorsalis (loambosida), 15.
dorsalis (Systropha), 79.
dorsilasoialis (Gyrtona),
405.

dorsigei-a (Toxocampa),
24(1

dosaroides (Hiccoda),
318.

dotata (Oatocala), 440.
dotata (Opbiusa), 496.
Dragana, 520, 524.
drepanoides (Cotuza),
539.

drylla (Hylodes), 463.
dubitaria (Tavia), 446.
dudgeoni (Tdopteruni),
104.

Dugaria, 474, 475.
dulcioula (Trischalis),
101.

duloilinea (Eutelia), 395.
dulcig (Adisura), 177.
dulcis (Deiopeia), 51.
dulcissima (Paracrama),
134.

dulcistriga (Oatephia),
483.

duplex (Ophinsa), 498.
duplexa (Eublemma),
343.

duplicans (Callopistria),
255.

duplicata (Leucania),
279.

dyaus (Plusia), 569.
Dyrzela, 259, 267.
Dysgonia, 493.

Earias, 132.

eburneigiitta (Tinolius),

578.
Echlida, 11.
edemoides (Burdria),

400.

edentata (Cirroedia), 411.
efBorescena (Ohera), 185.
efflorescens (Hypocala),

453, 454.
eflVaota (Cyana), 57.
EgeleBta, 3t')8.
egens (Metachrostis), 325.

Eilema, 79.

elatarius (MicriBsohua),
352.

elegang (Desmophora),
312.

elegans (Grotea), 32.

elegaus (Ophideres), 505.

Eligma, 43.

EUocroea, 377.

elongata (Oallrenia), 238.

Elusa, 257.

elwesi (Hadena), 200.

Elwesia, 171.

Elydna, 321.

emarginata (Oalpe), 564.

emarginata (Metachros-
tis), 333.

emittens (Creatonotus),
28.

endoleuca (Agonista),
464.

endroma (Polia), 232.
enervis (Thermesia), 534.
Enmonodia, 552, 555.
ennomoide (Goniooraspi-

dum), 416.
entella (Philagria), 71.
entelliola (^onistis), 71.
Entomogramma, 532.
entoxantha (Moma), 435.
epbesperis (Nyotipao),

461.
Epilecta, 193.
episcopalis (Pterogonia),

362, 363.
E|3ispari8, 543.
Episteme, 149.
epundoides (Anophia),

482.

equitalis (OaUimorpha),
36.

Erastria, 300.
Erastroides, 303.
Ercheia, 451.
ereota (Hyela), 308.
erica (IPlecoptera), 520.
erica (Spodoptera), 259.
Ericeia, 465.
Ericia, 470.

erigida (Floccifera), 281.
eriopbora (Hulodes), 470.
Eriopus, 253.
eriosoma (Plusia), 569.
Eronome, 338.
erosa (Cosmophila), 411.
erosa (Pangora), 19.
erubescens (Ohera), 185.
erubescens (Orthosia),
185.

erubeBcens (Tricholepia),
120.

erubesceiiB (Trootoptera),

344.
Erygia, 444.
erythropblepa (Spilo-

Boma), 8.
erythrostigmata (Nola),

139.

erytlirozona (Spiloaoma),
11.

esmia (Miltochrista), 119.
Eublemma, 338.
Euchalcia, 567.
euchaua (Lithoaia), 84.
Eugoa, 99.
Eupbasia, 310.
Euplexia, 207.
Euprepia, 15.
euprepioides (Miltochris-
ta), 116.
Eurabila, 207.
Eurhipia, 390.
Eurois, 227.

eurychlora (Polydesma),

471.
Eascotia 237.
Euseraia, 149.
Eutelia, 390.
Euteliinpe, 388.
euthusa (Caradrina), 264.
evergista (Dilemera), 45.
evulsalis (Apphadana),

524.

exagens (Olaterna), 544.
exanthemata (Aletia),
277.

excavata (Grammodea),
329.

excisa (Oorgatha), 348.
excisa (Metachroetis),
332.

exciaa (Xanthoptera),
318.

excitans (Eutelia), 395.
excluaa (JBarsine), 117.
excurrena (Sesapa), 108.
exempta (Oalicula), 445.
exempta (Leucania), 273.
exigua (Agrotis), 182.
exigua (Caradrina), 259.
exiguifascia (Zalissa),
156.

eximia (Megalodes), 309.
exiniia (Thygorina), 14.
expectans (AchfEa), 507.
expedita (Ophisma), 498.
exportata (Trigonodes),
527.

exprimens (Episparia),
543.

exsangiiis (Leucania),
274.

592

ALPHABETICAL INDEX.

exsioca (G-yrtona), 406.
e.xtensa (Bematha), 546.
exterior (Leucania), 275.
exterior (Nyotipao), 460.
externa (Caradriua), 265.
extrahens (Plusia), 570._
oxtranea (Leucania), 275.
extrioans (Hypopyra),
654.

exusta (Gelastocera), 427.
exviola (Platyja), 540.
eyndhovii (Phyllodea),
657.

fabia (Earias), 133.
Falana, 414.
falcata (Cbilkasa), 549.
falcata (Hulodes), 539.
falcata (Opbiusa), 499.
falcata (Pleurona), 550.
falcata (Tyana), 131.
falcatalis (Oorgatba), 348.
farinacea (Oaradrina),
260.

fascialis (Tarache), 315.
fasoiana (Erastria), 300.
f asoiata (Acronyota), 243.
fasciata (Axylia), 280.
fasciata (Oalpe), 564.
fasciata (Oaradrina), 267.
fasciata (Oarea), 424.
fasciata (Ooarica), 489.
fasciata (Ouroba), 52.
fasciata (Diphtera), 295.
fasciata (Euplexia), 222.
fasciata (Gampola), 89.
fasciata (Labanda), 374.
fasciata (Leucania), 278.
fasciata (Lithosia), 85.
fasciata (Metachrostis),
326.

fasciata (Nudaria), 123.
fasciata (PhylJodes), 557.
fasciata (Polydesma),
467.

fasciatrix(Eusemia), 153.
fasciatus (Acantholipes),
521.

fasciatus (Bbj-nchopal-

pus), 144.
fascioulata (Bizone), 58.
faacioulata (Hadena),

204.

fasoiculipes (Aobsea), 495.
fasciculosa (Calesia), 581.
fasoiosa (Cosmophila),
411.

fasciosa (Mestleta),_343.
fasciosa (Oruza), 350.
fasciosa (Sarrothripa),
387.

fasoiosus (Acantholipes),
522.

fautrix (Entomograiu-

uia), 532.
favillatrix (Butelia), 396.
f ediicia (Spiredonia), 458.
Felinia, 465, 469.
feniseca (Hypopyra), 554.
ferrifasciata (Ohrysas-

glia), 72.
ferrilera (Steiria), 401.
ferrifervens (Nolaseua),

368.

ferrisparsa (Hadena),
201.

ferrosticta (Semiophora),
205.

ferruginea (Naranga),
333.

ferruginea (Nedroma),
400.

fervida (Earias), 133.
fervida (Ophiodes), 497.
festina (Appbadaua), 523.
featina (Ophiusa), 500.
festinata (Ophiusa), 500.
festiva (Oalogramma),
249.

liglina (Anomis), 417.
iigurata (Aps.irasa), 290.
lilipalpis (Ansa), 445.
fllium (Spodoptera), 248.
fimbria (jEgocera), 160.
fimbriata (Prabbasa), 76.
fltnbriata (Xanthodes),
324.

firina (Acontia), 319.
firmamentum (Hybleea),
373.

flabellifera (Oaleaia), 581.
flabrif'era (Nishada), 88.
flagrans (Oamptoloma),
32,

flammatra (Agrotis),
189.

flainmealis (Barsine),
118.

flatoides (Tyana), 131.
flava (Triscbalis), 101.
fiava (Xanthodes), 323.
flavala (Hadena), 203.
flavale (Spilosoma), 6.
flavens (Oapissa), 85.
flavens (Thyrgorina), 13.
flavescens (Oatephia),
482.

flavescena (Catooala),
440.

flavicaudata (HyperniE-

nia), 196.
flavicincta (Polia), 231.

flavicollis (Mahavira),
69.

flavicolor (Hypereompa),
35.

flavicosta (Prabbasa), 77.
flavicostana (Oonchylis),
97.

flavifrons (Xanthoptera),
316.

flavifusa (Perciana), 296.

flavigutta (Cela;na), 251.

flavimaculata (Oaradri-
na), 2.59.

flavimargo (Oreatonotus),
27.

flavipicta (Eurois), 229.
flavirena (Oaradrina),
260.

flavirena (Grapbiphora),
185.

flavisigna (Acantholipes),
520.

flaviatigma (Euplexia),
209.

flavivenosa (Miltochris-

ta), 119.
flavonigra (Tarache),

316.
Eloccifera, 281.
floccifera (Olettharra),

386.

floecosa (Miltochrista),
114.

floecosa (Sypna), 450.
flora (Aloa"), 29.
florentina (Noctua), 175.
floreacens (Alphaia), 21.
florigera (Polytela), 169.
fluviatihs (Axiopoena),
37.

Fodina, 529.
formosa (Ptyonota), 425.
foruiosa (Tatargina), 54.
fortisaima (Eurois), 229.
fracta (Pluaia), 574. _
fragiUs (Leucania), 275.
fragiha (Nola), 139.
franciaca (Bombyx), 26.
fratercula (Oruza), 349.
fraterna (Agrot;is), 181.
fraterna (Girpa), 470.
fraterna (Leucania), 276.
fraterna (Rhodogastra),
38.

fraterna (Raselia), 140.
fraterna (Sypua), 449. _
frauaa (Hyelopsis), 30(5.
fraxini (Oatodvla), 439.
fi-eda (Mariuiatha), 305.
frigida (Nepita), 107.
frondosana (Earias), 133.

AiPHAUETICAL INDEX.

593

frontalis (Graphiphora),
182.

frontalis (Ophiusa), 507.
frontalis (Plotlieia), 3(i9.
frontalis (Kabila), 170.
frontirufa (Arsacia), 567.
frugalis (Remigia), 527.
fuffitiva (Cerbia), 467.
I'uliginosus (Agrisius), 65.
fuUonica (Ophideres),
560.

fulvastra (Ommatopho-

ra), 552.
fulvieeps (Melipotis),

478.

fulvicostata (Didagja), 96.
fiilvida (Cosmophila),
409.

fiilvidana (Earias), 133.
fulvipicta (Eiitelia), 394.
fulvipunota (Machaero-

pbora), 121.
fiilvohirta (Alplitea), 20.
fulvotaenia (Ophiusa),

504.

fumidisca (Lithosia), 80.
fumipenni8(Creatonotiis),
29.

fumipennis (Diduga), 96.
funebris (Phaisenoides),
155.

funeata (Hadena), 211.
fiircifera (Borolia), 278.
fiircifera (Pliisia), 568.
furtiva (Caradrina), 263.
fusca (Erastria), 300.
fusoa (Metaohrostis), 331.
fuscalis (Miltoohrista),
111.

fuscapex (Utriculifera),
95.

fuscescena (Thumatha),
122.

fuacicilia (Lithosia), 80.
fuscicilia (Xanthoptera),
317.

fuscicollis (Tsoura), 606.
fuscicorpus (Calesia), 581 .
fuscicosta (Acantholipes)
524.

fuscifusa (Miltoohrista),
113.

fuscipenne (Spilosoma),

fuscipes (Systropha), 83.
fuscistriga (Prabhasa),
77.

fiiscornarginata (Carea')
424.

fusoovirens (Nonagria)
285. ^ ''

VOL. II.

fusifsra (Achiea), 451.
fusiCrous (Spilosoma),
148.

futilis (Eublemma), 340.

Gabala, 136.
Gadirtha, 367.
galactina (Areas), 25.
galaxia (Perigea), 211.
Galleriomorpha, 368.
gamma (Plusia), 568.
gammoides (Trigonodes),

519.
Gampola, 89.
Gandhara, 79.
Garudinia, 97.
gastropachoides (Calesia),

582.

gazella (Cyana), 61.
Gelastocera. 427.
gelida (Cyana), 60.
gemma (Acantholipes),
524.

geraraans (Nyctipao),
461.

gemmatalis (Thermesia),
533.

gemmifer (Micra3schus),
353.

gemmifera (Euplexia),
217.

genistre (Nootua), 192.
georaetriea (Grammodes),
531.

georaetroides (Dianthce-

cia), 445.
Gesonia, 520, 523.
Ghoria, 69.

gigas (Maorobrochis),
65. '
gilvago (Xanthia), 171.
Girpa, 465.

glaucescens (Bryophila),
300. ' '

glaucescens (Neothripa),
382.

glauoinans (Homoptera),
475. ^ '

glaucistriga (Prodenia),
247.

glaucochlora (Ancara),
226.

glauoofascia (Cropia),
609. ^ '

glaucopis (Erastria), 302.

glaucopis (Nyctipao),
461.

glaucopoides (Spersara),
390.

glaucopteron (Ischyia),
538. ' '

glaucostigma (Bryoahi-

la), 300.
gloriosa (Barsine), 118.
gloriosiE (Polytela), 168.
Glottula, 167.
glycinse (Phalrouoides),

154.

Guamptooera, 253,
Gnamptogyia, 478,
Gnampton'yx", 480.
Gnophria, 69.
Gonerda, 15.
Goniocraapidum, 416.
Gonitis, 408.
Gonopterina;, 406.
gopara (Spilosoma), 5.
gossypii (Earias), 133.
gothica (Semi"phora),
205.

gothica, mr. singularis

(Noctua), 188.
grsEUsii (Acontia), 324.
graminalis (Labanda),

375.

Grammodes, 531.
grammophora (Auto-

oeras), 92.
granulata (Oocytodes)

Grapliiphora, 180.
grata (Dipterygia), 237
gratiosa (Laphygma),
249. '
grat^sa (Miltoohrista),

gravata (Ophiusa), 494.
gregalis (Remigia), 526.
grisalis (Nola), 140.
grisea (^mene), 91.
grisea (Argyrothripa),
381 .

grisea (Blenina), 378.
grisea (Caradrina), 260.
grisea (Noctua), 260.
grisea (Phillophila), 320.
grisea (Polia ?), 23.5.
grisea (Stictoptera), 401.
grisea (Xanthoptera),
320.

griseata (Br^'ophilopsis),
361.

griseimarginata (Eurois).
229.

griseinigra (Labanda),
374. '

griseirufa (Polia), 233.

griseivena (Agrotis).
187. '

griseolasciata (Leucania)
274. "

griseola (Lithosia), 80.
2 Q

594

griseovirens (Plotheia),

369.
Grotea, 32.
Gurna, 105.
gutta (Plusia), .571.
guttimivis (Gonitis),

409.

g\ittata (Argina), 51.
guttifera (Oyaiia), 59-
guttiventris (Clilumetia),
370.

guttivitta (Agi-isius), 64.
guttulosa (Gadirtlia),
309.

guttulosana (TEmene),
92.

Gyrognatha, 344.
Gyrtona, 404.

Hadena, 198.
btcmatopus (Hypopre-

pia?),148.
liaimoi-rhoa (Oalesia),

579.
Halias, 132.
hamifei-a (I/eucania),

270.

hamifera (Plusia), 669.
hamif'era (Poai^hila),

519.
Hamodes, 547.
hampsoni (Migoplastis),

44.

hampsoni (Nola), 141.
hanmUfera (Acrape.\),
286.

Haploolophus, 253, 2o4.
hai-Cordi (Ancara), 224.
Harmatelia, 642.
harmonia (Phatena),
459.

harterti (Cyana), 61.
haslata (Hadena ?),_1 JJ.
hebetata (Plusia), 574.
helicina (Speiredonia),
553.

HeUooheilus, 174.
Heliochilns, 176.
Heliumanes, 338.
Heliothis, 174.
henugena (Ocnogyna),
18

Heraipachvoera, 253,
2.65.

Hemipsectra, 620, 524.
bemirboda ^"Eublemma),
342.

heinocii (Pandesma), 471,

Hemonia, 91.
hepalizans(Amphigonia)

545.

ALPHABBTICAIi INDEX.

herbaria (Hyelopsis),
300.

herbealis (Labanda),
375.

herohatra (Polia), 231.
Hermonassa, 196.
Hesudra, 69.
beterocampa (Euplexia),
223.

heterocampoides (Eu-
plexia), 221.
Hiccoda, 316.
bieroglyphica(Nyctipao),

459.

bieroglyphica (Rama-

dasa), 358.
hilaris (Nepita), 106.
Hileia, 520.

himalayica (Amphipyra),
193. .

bimaleyioa (Oaradnaa),
260.

Holocraspedum, 102.
Homsea, 551.
Homodea, 304.
boinoena (Otbreis), 560.
Homopyscbe, 125.
Homoptera, 474, 476.
hoinopterana (Leucama),
272.

bonesta (Metaclirostis),
330.

bonesta (Opbiusa). 504.
borridipes (Critbote),
542.

borsQeldii (Cosmophila),
410.

boi-tensis (Tarache), 311.
boltentota (Opbiodes),
503.

bowqua (Spilarctia), 9.
bowra (Leucama), 271.
bowra (Spilarctia), 9.
biigeli (Caradrina), 261.
biigeli (Earias), 133.
Hulodes, 462.
humeralis (Ityca), 86.
bumeralis (Steiria), 401 .
buinilis (MiltochrisLu),
115.

bumilis (Plusia), 570.
Hyada, 231, 235.
Hyb'roa, 371.
hyblaja (Agrotis), 219.
Hyboma, 240, 241.
bybrida (Noetua), 561.
Hyela, 307.
Hyelopsis, 304.
Hylodes, 402.
Hylophila, 132.
bylusalis (Gyrtoua), 4U4

hymensea (Nyctemera),
50.

Hypcetra, 507.
bypenoides (Aoautbo-

lipes), 521.
bypenoides (Borsippa),

618.

bypenoides (Metaohros

tis), 328.
Hyperconipa, 34.
llyperdasys, 253.
bypevmnestra (Opbi-

deres), 5'}2.
Hypernsenia, 194.
byperythnim (Tinoso-

ma), 426.
Hypbilara, 269.
Hypocala, 4.52.
Hypocalpe, 563.
bypocyanea(Ani3oneura),

456.

bypocyanea (Hyblaja),
372".

bypoleuca (Agonista),
463.

bypopbasa (Alaniis), 474.
Hypopyra, 562, 654.
bypopyroides (Euino-

nodia), 555.
Hypospila, 533, 537.
Hypotbripa, 383.
byppasia (Trigonodes),

627.

bypsana (Tinolius), 5<9.

icamba (Euplexia), 222.
Icanibosida, 11.
iconioa (Anomis), 417. ^
icterica (Dabarita), 566.
idonea (Maxula), 555.
idonea (Pbalajua), 182.
Idopteruin, 103.
ignea (Dorika), 178.
ignota (Ocbropleura),
183.

ila (Miltochrista), 121.
Ilattia, 250, 261.
illabata (Opbiusa), 49o.
iUecta (Perigea), 211.
illucida (Stictoptera),
403.

illunaris (Pseudophia),
480.

illustris (Nootua), 575.
illuslris, var. uraleusis

(Plusia), 575.
imbuta (Alpba^a), 21.
imbuU (.Taradic), 314.
imitata (Aoontia). 323.
immodesla (Cocytodes),

487.

AIPHABBTICAL IjS'DEX.

595

imparata (Xanthia),
322.

impellens (Xanthodes),
322.

iinperialis (Areas), 25.
impingena (Gadirtha),
3fi7.

impleta (Alphrea), 24.
irapleta (Eutelia), 391.
impriraens (Othoral,
31)9.

impulsa (Plusia), 573.
inaouta (Trigonodes),
527.

iruequalis (Selenis), 345.
inangulata (Polydesma),
470.

inara (Serrodes), 510.
inchoata (Plusia), 574.
incisa (Hadena), 201.
incisa (Hermonasaa),
197.

includena (Hypietra),
507.

includena (Othora), 406.
inoludens (Plusia), 569.
iuclyta (Polytela), 169.
iucondita (Metachrostis),
328.

inconaisa (Bemigia),
526.

inconspioua (Acautho-

Upes), 521.
inconapicua (Lyclene),

inconspioua (Meranda),
335.

inconstans (Anachroatis),
100.

inconstans (Catocala),
439.

inconstans (Nyctemera),
47.

inda (Acontia), 314.
indeoisa (Calpe), 566.
indecisa (Pseudopliia),
481.

indenta (Spiramta), 553.
indica (Apopestes), 192.
indica (Callopistria),
256.

indica (Oonaervula), 246.
indica (Oosmophila),
411.

indica (Dipterygia), 235,
236.

indica (Euplexia), 219.
indica (Gurna), 105.
indica (Iladena), 203.
indica (Sarrotbripa),
388.

indica (Thyrgorina), 12.
indicatana (Sarrotbripa),
387.

indicator (Plasia), 572.
ind iso riminata ( Op tii usa),
503.

indistana (Euplpxia), 208.
indiatincta (Caradnna),
268.

indistincta (Costai'cha),
94.

indistincta (Lyclene),
119.

indistincta (Ophiusa),
497.

indistincta (Selca), 147.
indrasana (Vithora), 160.
inducens (Gronitia), 409.
induota (Teulisna), 87.
inefficiens (Xanthodea),
322.

inepta (Euplexia), 218.
inexacta (Gadirtha),
367.

inexacta (Perigea), 211.
inextrioans (Hadena),
208.

inextrieata (Eusootia),
237.

inextrieata (Eutelia),
395.

infauata (Trisuloides),
436.

infecta (Prodenia), 248.
inferens (Nonagria), 284.
infida (Targalla), 391.
inflexa (Miltoohrista),
118.

infligens (Homoptera),
475.

inframicana (Leucania),
270.

infrequens (Pseiidopliia),
481.

infumata (Miltochriata),

113.
Ingura, 388.
innocena (Xanthodes),

324.

innotata (Lithoala), 85.
innuba (Agrotis), 190.
innubila (Anthopbila),
566.

ino (Acbisa), 495.
ino (Trigonodea), 529.
inordinata (Odontodea),
400.

inornata (Minna), 251.
inquieta (Catepbia), 484.
inseitius (Acantbolipes),
522.

insoripta (Roesolia), 146.
insignata (Caradrina),
259.

insignata (Prodenia),
248.

insolatrix (Noctua), 310.
inaolatus (Oreatonotua),
28.

inaolitata (Caoyparia),
126.

inaulana (Earias), 133.
inaulata (Baniana), 516.
insulaa (Spodoptera),
259.

intaminata (Caradrina),
261.

Integra (Plusia), 569.
interioratum (Oamptolo-

ma), 31.
interlecta (Nyctemera),

48.

intermedia CAuclimis),
283.

intermixta (Gortyna),
171.

intermixta (Litbosia), 84.
interrupta (Mestleta),
339.

interruptus (Oreatono-

tus), 26.
intersepta (Acontia)

323.

interserta (Lyclene),
116.

interatinota (Grapbi-

pbora), 267.
interstitialis (Macrobro-

cbis), 65.
intorta (Baniana), 515.
intracta (Agrotis), 183.
iuraria (Mecyra), 582.
involuta (Eurois), 230.
involuta (Gonitis), 409.
lontba, 541.
irenea (Eusemia), 153.
irrecta (Zagira), 345.
irregularis (Leucauia),
281.

irregularis (Bajendra),
23.

irrorata (Batraoharta),
444.

irrorata (Ohariclea), 179.

irrorata (Leucania), 274.

irrorata (Leucauia), 280.

iaabellina (Alua), 29.

Iscbyja, 5.^7.

Isoura, 506.

itwarra (iVletaclu-ostia)

330.
Ityca, 86.

2e2

596

iapona (Ohelonomorpha),
154.

jnponious (Agrisius), 65.
Jarasana, 479.
jessica (Plusia), 568.
jocobatrix (Eutelia), 393.
joviana (Opbiusa), 499.
'iubra (Paiirlesraa), 467.
juoimda (Melipotis),

jucuudum (Spilosoma), b.
judicata (Leocyraa), 289.
jugalis (Kemigia), 526.
'jugaria (Callyna), 3.56.
"iuiioea (Heliotliis), 519.
juncta (Fodina), 530.
junctuva (Agrotis), 189.
jiinotura (Polia), 234.
juno (Lagoptera), 505.

kadenii (Carndriiia), 260.

kalitura (Plusia), 576.

Kalmina, 547, 548.

karacliiensis (Tarache),
313.

Kavana, 207.

kashmiren.sia (Mega-
lodes), 309.

Katba, 79.

Kerala, 62.

Kiiadii-a, 559, 562.

kbandalla (Aloa), 23.

kbasiana (Bryopbila),
299.

lihiisiana (Oalpenia), 33.
kbasiana (Polia ?), 234.
kirbyi (Sypna), 449.
knyvetti (Hadena), 203.
Koptoplax, 465.
korana (Pboberia), 510.
Korawa, 107.

Labanda, 374.
Lacera, 491.
laoiniosa (Oaradnna),
260.

lacteatum (Spilosoma),

10. ^
lacticinia (Nyctemera),

47. ,
la6tineuB (Creatonotus),

27.

lajta (Oacyparis), 127.
leetabilis (Opbisma), 495.
lajtitia (Nyctipao), 461.
lajvis (Litb(isia), 84.
lagenil'era (Euplexia),

216. , . ,

lai^eniformis (Euplexia)

223.

lageos (Naxia), 502.

ALPHABETICAL INDEX.

Lagoptera, 505.
lagusalis (Acantbolipes),
523.

l-album (Leucania), 270.
lauiinata (Pisara), 145.
lanoea (Noctua), 210.
lanceata (Leucania), 269.
lanceola (Hermonassa),
197.

lanceolata (Cbariclea),
177.

lanceolata (Hypoprepia),
118.

lancina (Tyaua), 131.
LapbYgma, 2.59.
lapidaria (Gyrtona), 406.
larentica (Amyna), 252.
larentilbrmis (Erastria),
301.

largeteaui (Dinumma),
355.

lassa (Agrotis), 181. ^
lata (Otliora), 369.
latana (Garudinia), 98.
lateralis (Anopbia), 485.
laticincta (Gerbatba),
375.

latifasoia (Dysgonia),
500.

latifascialis (Selca), 146.
latilasciata (Apamea),
199.

latimargo (Eusemia),
153.

latimargo (Pseudogoni-

tis), 412.
latipennis (Briarda), 194.
latipeunis (Hadena),

250.

latistriga (Nyctemera),
47.

lativitta (Hyelopsis),
305.

lativitta (Hypooala),

lativitta (Jarasana), 4 (J.
lativitta (Plotbeia), 369.
lativitta (Spilosoma),
23.

lativittata (Nola), 142._
latreillei (Oallopistna),
253.

laudula (Polydesma),
468.

lauta (Selenis), 345.
laxa (Kemigia), 525.
Lazanda, 374.
Lebena, 139.
lectrix (lDu8eraia),^14 J.
lectula (Plusia), 576.
Leocyma, 288, 289.

leonina (Hadena), 211.
leonina (Noctua), 502.
leopardina (Alpbaia), 22.
lepida (Agriopis), 466.
leporina (Acronycta),

240.
LeptoBoma, 46.
Leucania, 269.
leuoaiiioides (Adisura),

173.

leucocera (Bombycia),
207.

Leucocosmia, 259, 264.
Leuoopardus, 31.
leucopblebia (Aorapex),
287.

leucopos (Phurys), 521.
leucospila (Doranaga),
362

leucospila (Euplexia),
212.

leucospila (Perigea),
251.

leucospilota (Macro-

brocbis), 65.
leucospilota (Nyotemera),

49.

leucosticta (Eurois), 229.
leucostigma (Ancara ?),
224.

leucostigma (Erebus),
580.

leucostigma (Noctua),
211.

lichenea (Bryopbila),
297.

liobeuigera (Callimor-

pba?), 36.
licbenoides (Gallerio-

morpba), 369.
licbenoides (Polydesma),

473.

licbenosa (Blenma),
378.

licbenosa (Mitbila), 489.
ligaminosa (Antbopbila),
192.

lignea (Euplexia), 210.
liirniferata (Ramesa),
434.

lignosa (Axylia). 186.
hlach (Anereutbina),

510. , .

lilacina (Argyrotbnpa),

380.

lilacina (Cburia), 418.
lilacina (CoUil.a), 80.
liniacodina (Pacbylepis),
337.

limbana (Earias), 133.
limbata (Nepita), 10b.

AXPHABETIOAI INDEX;

597

limbirena (Plusia), 568.
linatula (Bizone), 58.
lindsayi (Polydesma),
474.

linoa (Chasmina), 289.
linearis (Noetua), 531.
lineatipes (Leucania),
279.

lineatrix (Penicillaria),
394.

lineolata (Ariolica), 129.
Liueopalpa, 408.
lineosa (Uaradrina), 265.
lineosa (Oosmophilu),
410.

liuga (Miltochrista), 110.
linogrisea (Epilecta),
193.

linteola (Catepbia), 482.
literata (Bryopbila), 297.
literata (Euplesia), 215.
literata (Bisoba), 399.
Lithosia, 79.
Lithosiinaj, 39.
littoralis (Prodenia), 247.
livida (Ampbipyra), 191.
lobifera (Plusia), 672.
longinquua (Anophia),
483.

longipalpis (Zagira),
34t).

longipennis (Nicfea), 30.
longipennis (Sadarsa),
404.

longipennis (Zalissa),
loH.

Lopboneura, 78.
loreyi (Leucania), 274.
lotrix (Phala;na), 55.
lubrica (Eurois), 228.
lubricipedum (Spiloso-

ma), 3.
lucida (Tarache), 310.
lucidaUs (Pisara), 145.
lucilla (Sypna), 450.
lucipara (Euplexia), 207.
ludatrix (Penicillaria),

391.

ludiflca (Moma), 435.
Lugana, 257.
lugeus (Sypna), 494.
liigubris (Bombyx), 315.
luminosa (Ommato-

pbora), 552.
lunata (Hermonassa),

196.

lunata (Horaoptera),
474.

lunifer (Brevipecten),
362.

lunil'era (Baniana), 515.

lunifera (Zagii-a), 345.
lunodos (Ingura), 388.
limulata (Amiga), 390.
Luperiua, 207.
lurida (Simareea), 90.
luteago (Xautbia), 170.
luteioeps (Baniana), .
513.

luteiceps (Plecoptera),
520.

luteifascia (Trisuloides),
437.

luteifVons (Eurois), 227.
luteipalpis (Opbiusa),
502.

luteolaria (Earias), 134.
lutosa (Borsippa), 517.
lycaugesaria (Oruza),

350.
Lyolene, 107.
Lycimna, 550.
lycopodia (Ohalciope),

527.

Lyguoides, 463.
Lyncestis, 479.

Macaldenia, 493.
Maceda, 397.
Macbreropbora, 121.
Macotasa, 79, 84.
raacra (Lapbygma), 259.
Maorobrocbis, 65.
macrops (Nyctipao), 459.
mactans (Barsine), 118.
macula (Audea), 439.
maoulata (Oburia), 418.
maculata (Eutelia), 393.
maoulata (Leocyma),
290.

maoulata (Noctua), 563.
maculata (Sidyraa), 68.
maeulatrix (Eusemia),
153.

maculifasoia (j9Smene),
92.

maculifasciata (Milto-

obrista), 110.
maculosa (Acontia), 314.
maculosa (Nyutemera),

45.

Majnas, 558, 559.
magica (Oorycia), 602.
magna (Ampbipyra),

magna (Miltocbrista),
112.

magna (Xantboptera),
320.

magniflca (Ohrysajglia),
72.

magniflca (Eurois), 231.

Magusa, 226.
Mabavira, 68.
mabura (Obnloiope),
527.

major (Nola), 142.
malaobitis (Dipbtbera),
294.

mabgera (Pbyllodes),
5.i8.

mallarba (Metauhrostis),
330.

malvas (Acontia), 322.
Mamestra, 198.
mamestrina (Hadena),
204.

manlia (Iscbyja), 537.
mansueta (Maceda), 397.
Manulea, 79.
margaritacea (Nudaria),
123.

margaritaria (Nudaria),
123.

marginago (Noctua), 172.
marginalis (Agrotis),
181.

marginalis (Obariclea),
177.

marginalis (Sypna), 448.
marginata (Aloa), 27.
marginata (Aramuna),
517.

marginata (Borsippa),
516.

marginata (Ourubasa),
177.

marginata (Erastria ?),
302.

marginata (Hamodes),
547.

marginata (Noctua), 172.
marginata (Xantbocras-

peda), 122.
marginata (Xantboptera),

316.

Marimatba, 324.
marmorea (Perciana),
296.

marmorea (Poaphila),

635.
Masalia, 176.
mastrucata (Polydesma);

468.

materna (Opb ideres) , 561 .
matberana (Pangora), 20.
maturata (Opbiusa), 499.
maturescens (Opbiusa),
499.

maura (Axiopaana), 37.
niauritia (Spodoptera),
248.

maxima (Tricena), 240.

598

AXPHABKTICAI; INJJEX.

maxima (Trigonodes),
f)28.

Maxula, 552, 555.
mayeri (Ophiusa), 526.
Mecyni, 579, 582.
media (Hadena), 199.
mediana (Hadena), 200.
mediil'asoia (Eutelia),
393.

mediocre (Entomogram-

ma), 632.
mediofusca (Leucania),

280.

mediorufa (Tliermesia),

536.
Megalodes, 309.
megastigma (Hadena),

215.

niegastigmata (Borsippa),
518.

raejanesi (Ophiusa), 498.

Melanareas, 24.

melauohlaina (Zantlio-
ptera), 318.

melanocephala (Tlierme-
sia), 635.

melanoleuca (Millo-
christa), 120.

melanopsis (Spilosoma),
10.

melanoEoma (Thyrgo-

rina), 15.
melanospila (Euplexia),

214.

melanosticta (Oaradrina),
266.

melanoBtigma (Erastria),
302.

melauthus (Pbalaena),S8.
meleagris (Alamis), 477.
melicerte (Ophiusa), 494.
Mehpotis, 477, 478.
melonina (Xantbia), 170.
mendax (Alamis), 475.
menete (iEgocera), 157.
menetriesii (Oaradrina),
260.

mercatoria (Noctua), 495.
meridionalis (Acontia),
314.

mesogona (Oosmophila),

408.
Mestleta, 338.
Metachrostis, 325.
metallescens (Orsesia),

564.

metallica (Euplexia), 213.
melaepila (rdydeema),
469.

metaepilella (Plotheia),
371.

metaxantha (Gonitis),
409.

meterythra (Arachno-

gnatha), 373.
meterythra (Bombycia),

207.
Methorasa, 253.
mezentia (Ophiusa), 494.
mianoides (Xantboptera),

317.

miasma (Metachrostis),
325.

mieacea (Leucania), 279.
Micardia, 309.
Miora, 338.
Micra;schu8, 351.
mierorhaja ? (Noctua),
504.

Microsemyra, 284, 286.
microstiota (Poha) 233.
microxantha (Lithosia),
81.

Migoplastis, 44.
Miltocbrista, 107.
Mimeuseniia, 159.
niiniata (Miltocbrista),

107.
Minica, 400.
minima (Prodenia), 248.
Miniodps, 656.
Minnagora, 139.
minor (^Callopistria),

254.

minor (Capnodes), 347.
Minucia, 493.
niinuta (Callopistria),
254.

minuta (Kola), 141.
miuuticornis (Caipe),
565.

minutus (Micrieschus),
353.

mirabile (Tinosoma),426.
mirabilis (Ojibiusa), 501.
miser (Aciintholipes),

522.
Mithila, 488.
Mitliuna, 86.
moderata (Apamea), 211.
modesta (Agvolis), 188.
modesta (Arete), 487.
modesta (Bryopbila),

297.

modesta (Hecatera), 232.
mcdesta (Leucania), 274.
modesta (Plusia), 676.
modesta (Prndatta), 179.
modesta (Spiramia), 563.
modesta (Tlialatta), 411.
modesta (Xantboptera),
320.

Moepa, 474.
molleri (Cyana), 60._
mollis (llypopyra), 553.
Moma, 436.
mona (Spilosoma), 5.
monilialis (Gyrtona),
405.

monilis (Amyna ?), 252.
monoleuca (Callyna),
356.

monolitba (Ampbipyra),
191.

montanum (Spilosoma),
7.

monteironis (Sphingo-

morpha), 490.
moiitioola, (Agrotis), 183.
uioola (Toxooampa), 469.
moolaica (Pitasila), 48.
Moorea, 32.

moorei (Oreatonotus), 27.
moorei (Hypocala), 454.
moorei (Sphetta), 508.
moorei (Sypna), 449.
mopsa (Phalasna), 52.
mormoides (Sypna), 446.
Mosara, 485.
niosara (Anophia), 484.
Motama, 300.
mucronata (Euplexia),

221.
Mudaria, 245.
multicolor (Lagoptera),

505.

multiguttata (Lagira),
346.

multiguttatum (Spilo-
soma), 3.

multilineata (Gnampto-
jiyia), 479.

multiplicaus (Piada),
390.

multipuncta (jEmene),
93.

multipunctata (Kerala),
62.

multiscripta (Ophideres),
560.

multistriata (Milto-
cbrista), 109.

multivittata (Thyrgo-
rina), 12.

mundana (Nudana), 12'-.

mundata (Polydesma),
465.

mundicolor (Grammo-

des), 529.
muralis (Bryopbila), 296.
nius (Oaradrina), 208.
muBCOsa (Bryopbila),

298.

muscosa (Diomea), 374.
iiuitnns (Plusia), iiCS.
muUiata (Rcmigia), r)26.
iiiygdon (Gratuiiiode!<),
531.

nivgdonia (Phalajna),
459.

niygdouias (Ohalciope),
531.

myops (Ophiusa), 499.
raystica (C'allyna), 357.

Nachaba, 37(i.
nadgani (Bryophila), 298.
nagaensis (Hadena), 201.
Nagasena, 3(iO.
nainica (Leucania), 274.
Naranga, 333.
Narasodes, 95.
narcissus (Eligma), 43.
nareda (Leucania), 2(i9.
natalis (Berresa), 252.
natara (Litliosia), 79.
Naxia, 493.

uebecula (Lithosia), 83.
nebulifera (Anthophila),
342.

nebulosa (Setina), 115.
nectens (Aucha), 194.
Nedi-oma, 400.
nefasta (Leucania), 272.
negrita (Busemia), 151.
negrita (Nola), 142.
negritus (Orealonotus),
28.

Keothripa, 382.
nepcha (Zalissa?), 157.
Nepita, 105, 106.
Neuria, 198.
neuropteroides (Cha-

maita), 125.
Neviasca, 543.
ni (Plusia), 570.
mcxa, 30.

nictitans (Noctua), 210.
iiietneri (Dichromia),
105.

nigerrima (Hadena), 202.
nigha (Serrodes), 510.
nigralba (Miltochrista),
109.

Tiigrescens (Arete), 487.
riigrescens (Macrobro-

chis), 65.
nigricans (Alph-nea), 23.
nigridia (Xanllioptera),

320.

nigridisca (Olettharra),
385.

nigrifascia(Ciiculia), 239.
nigrifascia (Nola), 141.

ALPHABETICAL INDEX.

nigrifrons (Lithosia), 84.
uigrifrons (Thyrgorina),
12.

nigrilinea (Minioa), 401.
nigrilineosa (Leucania),
279:

nigriluna (Plusia), 669.
nigripalpia (Xantho-

ptera), 318.
nigripars (Lithosia), 81.
nigripennis (Eusemia),

152.

nigripunota (Anachros-

tis), 100.
nigriricta (Hamodes),

649.

nigrisigna(Acantholipes),
520.

niariaigna (Churia), 418.
nigrisigna (Plusia), 570.
nigritarsis (Rusicada),
409.

nigrivitta (Acronycta),
242.

nigrivittata (Hyela),
308.

nigrocinerea (Gyrtona),
405.

nigrocuprea (Hadena),
199.

nigrofasciata (Leucania),
279.

nigrofusca (Apphsidana),
523.

nigrogrisea (Ancara),224.
nigvopunctum (Holo-

craspedum), l02.
nigrorenalis (Leucania),

277.

nigrosigna (Graphi-

phora), 185.
nigrovenosa (Nyotemera),

49.

nigrcviridis (Hypernre-

nia), 195.
Nikaia, 30.
Nikara, 231.

nilgiria (Bryophila), 298.
nilgirica (jEmene), 92.
nipalensis (Busemia),

153.
Nishada, 88.
nitens (Oletharina), 379.
nitida (Oarea), 423.
nitida (Selca). 147.
nivea (Oatocala), 442.
nivea (Lithosia), 79.
nivoidisca (Argyro-

thripa), 382.
niveiplaga (Euplexia),

208.

599

ni voisparsa ( A grotis), 1 87.
nivpscens (Biantlicccia),
215.

niviapex (Selenis), 345.
nivosa (Tarache), 313.
Noctuida;, 160.
noctuoides (Hvpastra),
607.

nocturna (Dipterygia),
235.

noeturnus (OorTthurus),
244.

nodicornis (Lithosia), 88.
Nola, 138.

nolalella (Sarrothripa),

388.
Nolasena, 368.
Nolina;, 137.
Nonagria, 284.
noii-atrum (Bombyx),

188.

notabilis (Tarache), 311.
Notata, 102.
notata (Argina). 61.
notata (Noctua), 529.
notatus (Acautholipes),
522.

nubes (Pterogonia), 363.
nubes (Spodoptera), 248.
uubifascia (Miltochrista),
119.

nubif'era (Achiea), 495.
nubigera (Heliofchis),
175.

nubila (Abrostola), 575.
nubila (Apamea), 185.
nubila (Brastria), 300.
nubilalis (Miltochrista),
114.

nubilata (Euplexia), 208.
nubilosa (Tarache), 315.
nuda (Thalpocharps),

339.
Nudar'ia, 122.
nugatrix (Butelia), 394.
nupta (Catocala), 441.
Nyaca, 20.
Nyctemera, 46.
nyctemerata (Callimor-

pha), 36.
Nycteolina;, 128.
Nyctipao, 458.
nydia (Spilarctia), 9.
nympha (Cl]amaita),

126.

nympha'a (Oatocala),
440.

ohducta (Noctua), 187.
obeditalis (Acantholipes),
523.

600

ALPHABETICAL INDEX.

oblatiirius (Micncschus),
352.

obliqua (Acronycta '?),
243.

obliqua (Batracbasta),
444.

obliqua (Hadena), 249.
obliqua (Ilyela), 307.
obliqua (Miltoubrista),
114.

obliqua (Tbermesia), 535.
obliqua (Tocbara), 536.
obliquil'ascia (Alpbrea),
24.

obliquiorbis (Aparaea),
2UU.

obliquisigna (Metachr03-

tis), 32(5.
obliquistria (Teulisiia),

87.

obliquivitta (Tbyrgo-

rina), 15.
oblita (Thecmesia), 535.
obliterans (Aticara), 223.
obliterans (Litbosia), 82.
obliterans (NyoHpao),

4t)0

obliviosa (Agrotis), 181.
oblouga (Teulisna), 75.
obscura (Eublemma),
342.

obscura (Eutelia), 393._
obscura (Leucania), 277.
obscura (Metaobi-ostis),
3211.

obsoura (Nootua), 187.
obswara (Ptyopterota),
75.

obscurata (Sypna), 450.
obsolescens (Oarea), 423.
obsoleta (Lyclene), 109.
obstructa (CeliEna), 251.
obstructa (Risoba), 398.
obtenta (Calduba), 397.
obtusa (Oaradrina), 261.
obtusisigna (Plusia), 570.
obumbrata (Opbiusa),
502.

occulta (Argyrothripa),
381.

occulta (Eurois), 227.
ocellata (Ohuria), 418.
ocellifera (Alope), 17.
ocbracea (Agrotis), 182.
ocbracea (Churia), 418.
ocbracea (Oosmia), 322.
ocbracea (Hamodes),
548.

ocbracea (Lyclene), 111.
ocbracea (JSepita), 106.
ocbracea (Rivula), 336.

ocbrcata (Plusia), 573.
ochreicilia (Sypna), 447.
oehreifascia (Piiurys),
521.

ocbreimargo (Caradrina) ,
264.

ochreipuncta (Cara-
drina), 263.

Ocnogyna, 18.

octo (Aniyna), 251.

ocularia (Hypajtra), 510.

oculata (Poapbila), 519.

ooulea (Apamea), 211.

Odontodes, 400.

QSonistis, 73.

Oglasa, 520, 523.

olivacea (Berrbcea), 215.

olivacea (Eublemma),
342.

olivacea (Noctua), 503.
olivacea (Paracrama),
13.5.

olivacea (Taracbe), 313.
olivaria (ErastroidoB),
303.

olivascens (Agrotis), 182.
olivasceiis (Luperina),
220.

olivascens (Stietoptera),
403.

olivea (Taracbe), 313.
olivesceus (Auopbia),
482.

oliviaria (Erastroides),
303.

olympia (Ophiusa), 500.
omicronigera (Sypna),
446.

omnia (Cyoloides), 488.
Ommatophora, 551.
onelia (Opbiusa), 502.
onusta (Othora), 369.
oopbora (Pseudoblabes),
97.

opacaria (Caradrina),
266.

opalescens (Hydrelia),
334.

opalina (Pisara), 144.
opalinoides (Taracbe),
311.

opella (Xanthoptera),

317. ^
opbeltcB (Eusetnia), 150.
Opbidercs, 558, 560:
opbidoroides (Calpe),

664.
Opbiodes, 493.
Opbisma, 493.
Opbiusa, 493.
opposita (Euplexia), 209.

optativa (Bemigia), 470.
optatura (Remigia), 470.
opliva (Toxopbleps), 307.
opulenta (Epileclu), 219.
OrHisia, 563, 564.
orbicularis (Labauda),
375.

orbicularis (Caradrina),
259.

orbilera ' (Avgyrotlu-ipa),
380.

orbiTerana (Hemouia),
91.

oricbalcea (Plusia). .573.
orientalis (Arc-tia), 16.
orientalis (Areas), 25.
orientalis (Euseniia),
151.

orientalis (Halia.s), 132.
orientalis (Glottuia), 168.
orientalis (Toxocampa),
246.

oriolus (Fodina), 529.
orion (Diphtbera), 293.
ornata (Miniodes), 556.
ornata (Polydesma), 472.
ornatissima (Plusia),
572.

Oromeim, 465, 473.
Orosa, 383.

ortbograpta (Calpe), 564.
ortbosiana (Hermiuia),
517.

ortbosioides (Semio-

pbora), 205.
Oruza, 348.
ossigera (Hypopyra),

554.
Ossonoba, 413.
Otbora, 368.
Otbreis, 558.
otiosa (Polydesma), 468.
otopbora (Tbermesia),

536.

ovale (Idopterum), 103.
Oxacme, 94.
Oxygonitis, 415.
oxygramma (Plusia), 575.
Oxyodes, 546.
Ozarba, 325, 327.

Pacbylepis, 337.
Pacbypbilona, 44.
pacta (Catocala), 441.
Padenia, 98.
Pala!opsis, 124.
Palindiin.O!, 353.
palleago (Noctua), 171.
pallens (Bizone), 56.
pallens (Borsippa), 517.
pallens (Oapuodes), 523.

ALPHABETICAL INDEX.

601

palleng (Lithosia), So.
pallens (Macrobrochis)
66.

pallesoens (Argyro-

tbripa), 381.
pnllescens (Oi'uza), 350.
pallesoens (Pradatta),

179.

palliatrix (Penioillaria),
391.

pallida (Adisura), 173.
pallida (Diphthera), 295.
pallida (Hydrelia), 334.
pallida (Hypopyra), 554.
pallida (Luliosia), 83.
pallida (IViiltochrista),
113.

pallida (Naranga), 306.
pallida (Nonagria), 286.
pallida (Setinochroa),
113.

pallidicosta (Leuoania),
276.

pallidilinea (Ophiusa),
469.

pallidisca (Bryophila),
300.

23allidus (Tympanistes),
421.

pallula (Fodina), 530.
palmata (Miltochrista),
110.

Palpaiigula, 477,
palumba (Ophiusa), 496.
pamphoaalis (Bocana),

375.
Panassa, 91.

pauoratii (Grlottula), 167.

Pandesma, 465.

pandia (Hypopyra), 554.

Punglima, 43.

pangonia (Delgamma),

512.
Pangora, 19.
Panilla, 476.
panuosa (Alplirea), 23.
paniiosa (Bleuina), 378.
pannosa (lircbeia), 451.
pannosa (Hadena), 205.
pannosa (Plusia), .573.
panuosa (Sypna), 451.
pansalis (Acantholipes),

524.

Paracrama, 134.
parallelina (Milto-

cbrista), 110.
Paraona, 71.
pardalina (Deiopeia), 3.
pardaria (liuplexia), 220.
parellaris (Noctua), 531.
partita (Euploxia), 222.

partita (Micra), 133.
parva (CoUita), 81.
parva (Eublemma), 341.
jjarva (Notata), 102.
parvipennia (8erioia),
458;

parvipuncta (Secusio), 50.
parvula (Arctia ?), 17.
parvula (Tbalpuchares),
341.

pascua (Nola), 141.
Pasipeda, 493, 579.
patala (Cafcooala), 439.
patel'acta (Plusia), 571.
paterna (Sesariiia), 284.
patna (Oalesia), 579.
Patula, 458, 459.
paucit'era (Caradrina),
518.

paucinotata (Acrouyota),
240.

pauperata (Hadona), 211.
pavo (Ramadaaa), 357.
pavona (Remigia), 525.
pectiuata (Ouradrina),
264.

pectiuata (Euplexia), 222.
pegaense (Deltapterum),
138.

pellita (Remigia), 526.
Peloohyta, 38.
peltigera (Heliothis),
176.

penetrata (Episparis),
543.

Penioillaria, 390, 393.
penicillata (Leuoanial,

270.
Perciana, 295.
perci.sa (Leuoania), 274.
perdentata (Hadena),

198.

perdicipennis (Catephia),
484.

peregrina (Oyana), 56.
perflcieas (Hypieti-a),
503.

perHdiosa (Remigia),
470.

perfuudens (Oeljena),
251.

perhamata (Pleurona),
549.

Peridroraa, 180, 183.
perigeoides (Heliotbis),
175.

perniissa (Plusia), ,571.
permunda (Prodenia),
249.

peropaca (ITomero-
blonima), 495.

perornata (Arotia), 16.
perornata (Cyana), 57.
persimilis (ISombycia)
206.

persimilis (Oatocala), 440.
persimilis (Hypopyra),
555.

persimiUs (Mimeusemia),
159.

perspicillator (Phyllodes),
658.

pertendens (Remigia),
470.

peshwa (Mimeusemia),
169.

pbseosoma (Oalesia), 580.
PhaliEnoides, 154.
Phalga, 408.
Phanaca, 419.
pbanta3ma(Ampliypyra),
192.

phasipennis (Pborica),

443.
Pliilagria, 71.
Phissama, 29.
Phorica, 443.
Pbyoidimorpha, 287.
Pbycidopsis, 288.
phycisoides (Gyrtona),

405.
Phyllodes, 557.
Phyllophila, 316.
Piada, 389.

picata (Hyelopsis), 305.
picta (Oallyna?), 357.
picta (Oaradrina), 263.
picta (Polia), 249.
picta (Tatargina), 54.
pietimargo (Pterocyclo-

phora), 455.
Pilosocrures, 443.
Pimprana, 155.
Pindara, 493.
Pisara, 144.
Pitaoota, 465.
Pitane, 105.
Pitasila, 46.
Pitrasa, 398.
plaoens (Binumma), 355.
placida (Agrotis), 208.
placida (Plusia), 574.
placida (Radinacra), 261.
placodoides (Oallopis-

tria), 256.
plagiata (Arollasia), 282.
plagiata (Oalliiuorplia),

36.

plagiata (Oaradrina), 267.
plagiata (Othora), 369.
j)lagiata (Teulisna), 86.
plagifera (Agrotis), 282.

602

ALPHABETICAL INDEX.

plagifera (Nyctemera),
47.

plaua (Ophiderea), 563.
plana (Sypna), 450.
Plata plecta, 240.
Platj'ja, 539.
plebeia (Xanthoptera),

319.
Pleeoptera, 518.
plecta (Agrotis), 183.
Pleurona, 549, 550.
Plotheia, 368.
plumbata (Hyelopsia),

305.

plumbeifascia (Gryi'tona),
405.

pliimbeola (Euplexia),
217.

plumbeomicans (Prab-

hasa), 77.
plumicornis (Hypocala),
,453.

pliiniipars (Acantho-

lipes), 524.
pluinipes (Homoptera),

474.

Plusia, 567, 568.
Plusiodes, 358.
Plusiodonta, 577.
plusioides (Eutelia), 391.
poeusaria (Angerona),
565.

poleniuBa (Leucania),

280.
Polia, 231.

poliostigma (Hadena),
201.

polychroma (Achsea),
451.

Polyehryaia, 567, 676.
Polydesma, 465, 468.
polygramma (Eublem-

ma), 339.
polygrapba (Arete), 487.
polymeaata (Lycimna),

560.

polyodon (Auchmia),
283.

polyspila (Baniana),
514.

polyspilalia (Gabala),

136.
Poly tela, 168.
pomona (Pbaltena), 560.
Porphyrinia, 338.
nostflavida (Ocnogyna),

18.

postfiisca (Oaradrina),
263.

poatl'uaca (Qnophria),
70.

poatioa (Oalophasia), 311.
postica (Hadena), 212.
poatica (Setinochroa),
113.

poatmaculata (Fodina),
530.

postnigra (Miltoohriata),
118.

poatochrea (Bryophila),
298.

Potamopbora, 537.
prabana (Lithosia), 81.
Prabbasa, 76.
Pradatta, 176.
Pradiota, 543.
prasoedena (Polydeama),
469.

prajtexta (Eurbipia), 391.
praaena (Macrobrocbia),
66.

praainana (Haliaa), 132.
prasinaria (Dipbtbera),
294.

precedens (Oosmopliila),
411.

pretioaa (Barsine), 118.
primosa (Nyotipao), 461.
principalis (Oalliinor-

pha), 35.
prisca (Acrapex), 286.
privata (Gonitis), 409.
prooellosa (Lacera), 491.
Prodenia, 247.
proleuca (Leucania), 281.
prolifica (Oatocala), 441.
prouiinena (Leucania),

279.

prominens (Miltocbrista),
109.

prominena (Riaoba), 399.
pronuba (Agrotis), 190.
pronuba, var. boegei

(TriphiEna), 190.
properans (Opbiusa),

500.

properata (Opbiusa), 500.
pi'opinqua (Gonitis), 409.
propitia (Hamodes), 547.
proscripta (Leucania),

284.
Prospalta, 207.
protuberana (Teulisna),

87.

pvovocans (Calpe), 665.
proxima (Oaradrina),
260.

proxima (Eusemia), 149.
proximalis (Gyrtona),
404.

pruinoaa (Acronj-cta),
242.

prunicolor (Minucia),
497.

pruniCera (Oaoyparis),
127.

prunosa (Sypna), 449.
Pseudacidalia, 351.
Pseudatbyrma, 507, 509.
Pseiidelydna, 420.
Pseudepunda, 240.
Pseudoblabes, 97.
Pseudoealpe, 566.
Pseudogonitis, 412.
Pseudopbia, 480.
Pterocyclopbora, 454.
Pterogouia, 362, 363.
Ptyonota, 424.
Ptyopterota, 75.
pudens (Spirama), 555.
puella (Bizone), 56.
puella (Oyana), 57.
puer (Oyana), 59.
puera (Hybla;a), 371.
pulchella (Arioliea), 130.
pulchella (Deiopia), 55.
pulcberrima (Euplexia),
219.

pueberrima (Micardia),
309.

pulcbra (Eublemma),
339.

pulcbra (Euseraia), 150.
pulcbra (Leucania), 269.
pulcbra (Miltocbrista),
118.

pulcbra (Noctua), 6.5.
pulcbra (Sypna), 449.
pulcbripicta (Dipbtbera),
293.

pulla (Metacbrostis),
331.

pullata (Oucuha), 239.
pulverosa (Ileliotbis),
174.

pulverulenta (Pradatta),

179. ^
punctana (Narasodea),

95.

punctata (Clettharra),

386. ^
punctata (Nudaria), 11'4.
punctata (Setina?), 115.
punctatum (Spilosonia),

4.

puncteUa (Oydosia), 148.
punotifascia (Barsiue),

119. ^ ^„

punctifera (Litbosia), i>6.
punctigera (Metacbros-

tis), 329.
punctilinea (IcamboBida;,

n.

punctilinea (Selina), 112.
puiR-tilinealis (Cbusaris),
346.

punetilineata (Borsippa),
iil7.

punolilineata (Kerala),
&2.

punctiplaga (Ancai-a),
■223.

punetistigma(Neothripa),
382.

punctistriga (Spilosonia),
28.

punctosa (Sypua), 447.
punicea (Miltoobrista),
117.

pura (Marimatha), 338.
Purbia, 5.'i9.
purissiiiui (Plusia), 574.
purpurascens (Tatho-

delUi), 335.
purpurea (Oarea), 423.
pui-pureolasciata (Callo-

pistria), 253.
purpureol'usa (P]usia),

570.

purpiirites (Pyrrbia),
172.

piisilla (Gyrtona), 405.
pustiilif'era (Tyana),
131.

putris (Agrotis), ISfi.
pylotis (Bombyx), 51.
pyralifuruiis (Oruza),
348.

pyralina (Ihiza), 536.
pyrocbronia (Bagada),
319.

pyropia (Plusia), 572.
Pyrrbia, 172.

quadra (ffionistis), 73.
quadrapex (Eubleauua),
343.

Quadrifina;, 428.
quadribneata (Borsippa),
510.

quadribneata (Poapbila),
520.

quadribneata (Tbalpo-

cbares), 343.
quadrimaculata (Challa),

(■).

quadrimaculatus (Tino-

Hus), .579.
quadrinotata (Bizone),

5().

quadrinotata (Miresa),

quadripartila (Ilyehi),
308.

ALPU.VBETICAL INDEX.

quadripennis (Cbandica),
127.

quadriplaga (Mitbuna\
8().

quadripunctata (C.ira-

drina), 2(iO.
quadrirauiosa (Alpbiva),

21.

quadrisigna (Agrotis),
208.

quadrisigna ta (Lithosia),
83.

quadristrigata (Steiria),
400.

quadrivittata (Naranga),
333.

qua;sita (Eemigia), 519.
quenaTadi (Polydesma),
4(i6.

quieta (Erastria), 253.
quinaria (Bleuina), 379.
quinaria (Metacbrostis),
326.

quinquefascia (^Emene),
92.

quinquelinealis(Hypena),
339.

quintaua (Aeontia), 318.

rabdota (Plotheia), 371.
Kabila, 169.

radians (Apsarasa), 290.
radians (Miltoobrista),
116.

radiata (Masalia), 178.
Eadinacra, 259, 265.
Eagbuva, 180.
Eajendra, 20.
rania (Oatocala), 439.
Eaniadasa, 357.
Eanaja, 421.
ravida (Agrotis), 187.
reclusa (Caradrina), 264.
rectif'ascia (Metacbrostis),
328.

rectilinea (Sypna), 449.
rei'tilineata (Xantbia),
171.

rectistria (Calpe), 565.
reetivitta (Polydesma),
469.

rectomarginata (Para-

eraraa), 134.
reeurrens (Ingura), 389.
recurvata (Callopislria),

257.

reducens (Agonista), 464.
redu(;en.i, vw. E-antiqua

(Lygniodes), 464.
rellectii'ascia (Erygia),

445.

003

rcdcxa (Pleeoptera), 519.
rcgalis (Trigonodes), 528.
regularis (Acantbolipos),
520.

regularis (Nyotcmera),
47.

regulatus (MioriEsobus),
353.

relinquenda (Polydesma),
473.

reliquenda (Oromena),
473.

remelana (Sidyma), 68.
Eemigia, 525, 527.
remigioides (Uypsetra?),
508.

remota (Spirama), 553.
reiuovens (GintBa), 539.
renalba (Hypernteuia),
195.

renalis (Agrotis), 187.
rennlis (Caradrina), 2ti5.
renalis (Hyelopsis), 305.
renalis (Uiittia), 251.
renalis (Lugana), 257.
renalis (Oebropleura"),
188.

renalis (Eivida), 335.
renisigna (Sypna), 450.
renosa (Anereutbina),
509.

repetita (Pladena), 202.
replenens (Beregra), 488.
repleta (Callopistria),
255.

repleta (Eutelia), 391.
replicans (Ancara), 223.
replicata (8ypna), 450.
repugnans (Risoba), 398.
repulsa (Agrotis), 181.
resistans (Plecioptera),
519.

respersa (Eublemma),
338.

restituta (Cosniia), 321.
restorans (Hypopyra),
463.

reticulata (Litho-oia), 82.
reticulata (Plusia), .575.
reticulata (Zagira),
346.

retina (Neuria), 247.
retorta (Spiraiua), 553.
retrabens (Euroi.s), 227.
retrabens (Speiredonia),
458.

revayana (Sarrothripa),
387.

reversa (Acb.T.a), 494.
roversa (Leucania), 278.
reversa (Poapbila), 519.

604

ALPHABETICAL INDEX,

revocans (Gonitis), 409.
Eliangaua, 122.
rbodina (Miltochrista),
117.

Ehodogastria, 26, 27.
rhodopa (Amerila), 38.
vhodopliila (l)abarita),
423.

rbodophila (Thyrgorina),
15.

Khoptrotrichia, 253, 257.
Ehyucbopalpus, 142.
Ebytia, 558, 562.
ricini (Arctia), 17.
rigidistria (Ophiusa),

496.
Eisoba, 398.
EivLila, 334.

rivula (Eublemma), 341.
rivulai-is (Oallopistria),
255.

rivularis (Erebus'), 461.
rivulosa (Tbermesia),
536.

robusta (Argyrothripa),
381.

robusta (Nonagria), 285.
Eoeselia, 138.
rogationis (Pluaia), 569.
rosacea (Masalia), 178.
rosacea (Spiramia), ii53.
rosea (Lyclene), 112.
rosea (Pbycidimorpha),
287.

roseana (Arsiloncha),
179.

roseana (Eublemma),
340.

roseata (Oastabala), 53.
roseiceps (Calesia), 580.
roseifasoia (Anthopbila),
342.

roseigera (Pbyllodes),
558.

roseitellum(OaUQpistria),
253.

roseivena (Eugoa), 99.
rosellus (Micrrosclius),
352.

roseororatus (Ammatbo),
117.

roseua (Micrsesohus),
353.

rosita (Eublemma), 340.
rostrata (Hyblcea), 453.
rutuiulata (Pitane), 91.
rotundipennis (Nisbada),
88.

rubelliana (Pangora), 19.
ruber (Arboriuornus),
258.

rubeaoens (Spilosoma), 7.
rubicilia (Grapbipbora),
185.

rubicundula (Appba-

dana), 523.
rubida (Bombycia), 207.
rubidorsa (Spilosoma),

16.

rubidorsalis (Tympaiiis-

tes), 421.
rubiliuea (Spilosoma), 8.
rubitiuctum (Spilosoma),

11.

rubra (Ancara), 225.
rubra (Corgutba), 347.
rubrescens (Heliotbis),
174.

rubricans (Tbermesia),
534.

rubricollis (Gnopbria),
69.

rubricosa (Miltoobrista),
111.

rubrioosta (Creatonotus),
29.

rubrifasoia (Sypna), 449.
rubrimargo (laopterum),
104.

rudis (Aletia), 277.
rudivitta (Egelesta),
369.

rul'escens (Caradrina),
263.

rufescens (Leucania),
270.

rufescens (Pisara), 145.
ruflbasis (Sympis), 513.
rufifrons (Gnopbria), 70.
ruflna (Olina), 406.
ruflpalpis (Oalesia), 580.
rufipenuis (Leucania),
276.

rufistrigosa (Leucania),
270.

rufoflava (Pseudelydna),
420.

rufula (Leucania), 278.
rul'ula (Lugana), 257.
ruma (Cossa), 83.
rupicola (jMoctua), 310.
ruptifascia (Hyela), 308.
ruptilascia(Miltocbrista),
114.

ruptifascia (Oruza), 349.
ruptistriga (Hadeua),

182.
Eusioada, 408.
ruslicula (Appbadana),

523.

rutiliigo (Noctua), 172.
rutilus (Adris), 5G2.

sabiilifera (Cosmopbila),
409.

sabulosa (Caradrina),
481.

saccharivora (Leucania),

275.
Sadarsa, 404.
saga (Noctua), 371.
sagittifera (yEmene), 93.
sagittifera (Spilarctia), 9.
salamiuia (Opbidores),

559.

salebrosa (Anisoneura),
457.

sangaicum (Spilosoma),
3.

sangarida (Curoba), 52.
sanguinalis(Spilosom!i),9.
sanguinea (Topadesa),
137.

sanguinolenta (Bombyx),
27.

sanguinolenta(Cbariclea),
178.

sanguinolenta (Siglo-

pbora), 135.
sara (Aloa), 27.
sarawaca (Litbosia), 79.
Sarrothripa, 387.
Sarrotbripina;, 365.
Sasunaga, 226.
Batellitia (Calesia), 580.
saturalis (Labanda), 375.
saturata (Paracrama),

135.

satm-atalis (Arsacia), 567.
saturnioidea (Hulodes),
463.

saundersi (Calpenia), 33,

34.
Savara, 26.

scabr i uscula (Dipterygia),
235.

scanda (Acontia), 314.
Scaptesyle, 104.
sceptica (Clettbarra),
385.

Scbistophleps, 124.
scblegelii (Iscbyja), 538.
scissuralis (Artbisiua),

413, 414.
scotochlora (Hadena),

203.

scripta (Barsine), 117.
scripta (Selca), 146.
scriptilis (Polydesma),
468.

serobiculata (Oxyodea),
546.

Bcutigera (Noctun'), 176.
Bcutosa (Heliolhis), 175.

ALrHABETICAL INDEX.

605

seotiiiotis (Eusemia), 152.
securifera (Erastria),

334.
Secusio, 50.
segetis (Agrotis), 181.
segetiim (Noctua), 260.
sejunctfi (Boraippa), 518.
sejiinctata (Pi-adiota),

543.
Selea, 14fi.

seleeta (Nyctemera), 49.
selenampha (Amyna),

250.
Selepa, 368. •
Bemialba (Metachrostis),

332.

semialba (Minica), 401.
semi fascia (Euplexia),
212.

semifascia, var. meta-
melas (Lyclene), 109.

semifascia (Miltoohrista),
109.

semifascia (Trichogyia),
103.

semifusca (Katha?), 85.
semiherbida (Epilecta),
193.

semilinea (Phyllodes),
557.

semilugens (Baniana),
513.

semilu.'c (Selenis), 345.
Semiophora, 205.
semipars (Labanda), 375.
semirufa (Pisara), l46.
semiusta (Leucania), 274.
semivitta (Callyna), 356.
semivitta (Plusia), 674.
senica (Arete), 487.
senna (Hyela), 334.
separans (Ophiodea), 503.
separata (Eurois), 228.
separata (Leucania), 275.
separata (Metachrostis),
331.

serena (Plusia), 568.
Seria, 257.

sericea (Leocyma), 289.
sericea (Trisuloides), 436.
sericealip (Rivula), 334.
sericeata (Oxygonitis),
415.

sericeipennis (Gnophria),
69.

Sericia, 457.
Serrodes, 510.
serva (Celaina), 211.
serva (Lithosia), 80.
serva (Ophiuea), 495.
Seaapa, 107.

Setinochroa, 107.
Seudyra, 1.55.
sexpuncta (Miltocbrista),
113.

shiva (Hypopyra), 554.
siderea (Callyna), 356.
siderifera (Hadena), 208.
Sidyma, 67.
Siglophora, 135.
signa (Oyana), 58.
sign a, var. walkeri

(Bizone), 58.
signata (Episparis), 543.
signata (Nepita), 106.
signata (Othora), 369.
signata (Plusia), 568.
signifera (Acontia), 314.
signifera (Hyelopsis),

304.

signifera (Steiria), 401.
signiflcans (Baniana),
513.

significans (Plusia), 570.
signipalpis (Thermesia),
537.

signivitta (Achrea), 451.
aikkima (Agrotis), 183.
sikkiraa (Apamea), 205.
sikkima (Dipterygia ?),'
236.

sikkima (Roeselia), 140.
sikkiraensis (Auchmis),
283.

sikkimensis (Cyana), 59.
sikkimensis (Polia), 232.
sikkiraensis (Thyrgorina),
14.

silhetensis (Eusemia),
150.

siliquana (Earias), 133.
Siniareea, 90.
similata (Pandesma), 467.
similis (Aoantholipes),
521.

sirailis (Adisura), 177.
similis (CalUmorpha),
35.

similis (Karana), 217.
simillima (Earias), 133.
simillima (Hadena), 201.
simillima (Ophiusa), 500.
simples (Creatonotus),
29.

simplex (Eusemia), 152.
simplex (Eutelia), 394.
simplex (Poapbila), 519.
simplicior (Spiramia),
5.53.

simplifasoia (Lyclene),
119.

simulata (Eurois), 228.

simulatrix (Diremma),
409.

sincera (Oaradrina), 261.
sinens (Acronyota), 241.
sinens (Thalatha), 241.
sinica (Lvolene), 111.
Sinna, 128.
ainuata (Mmene), 92.
sinuata (Ohariclea), 178.
sinuata (Oymatopho-

ropsia), 397.
sinuata (Euplexia), 217.
sinuata (Hermonassa),

197.

sinuata (Noctua), 499.
ainuata (Polia), 234.
sinuosa (Oosmophila),
410.

sinuosa (Leucania), 273.
sinuosa (Sarrothripa),
387.

sipahi (Alphrea), 24.
sipyla (Sphingomorpba),
490.

smaragdinana (Earias),
133.

aobria (Arcilasisa), 282.
sobria (Erioeia), 470.
aocrus (Noctua), 192.
Bodalis (Euplexia), 210.
Solaris (Noctua), 310.
solita (Homoptera), 475.
soli ta (Miltocbrista), 112.
soluta (Polia), 242.
Sopbaga, 176.
sora (Episparis), 544.
sordida (Mmene), 92.
sordida (Pulana), 414.
sordida (HypKtra), 469.
sordida (Teulisna), 75.
aordida (Thyrgorina),
14.

Sorocostia, 139.
Spffilotis, 180.
spargens (Hadena), 211.
sparsa (Syrnia), 458.
sparsigutta (Cycnia), 147.
spectabilis (Agrotis), 282.
spectrum (Amphipyra),
192.

speculatrix (Tyana), 131.
speiplena (Apbusia), 133.
Speiredonia, 467.
Spersara, 389.
Spbetta, 166.
Sphingomorpba, 490.
spicea (Xantboptera),
319.

s|)iculifera (Agrotis), 182.
Spilarctia, 3.
Spilosoma, 3.

606

spilosomata (TLyr-

gorina), 12.
spilosomoides (Deiopeia),

3.

spilosomoides (Milto-

christa), 113.
spilota (Hermonassa),

197.

spinula (Bombyx), 182.
spiralis (Noctua), 553.
Spirama, 552, 553.
Spiredoaia, 457.
spissa (Polydesma), 4(i9.
spleiidens (Oanna), 2'J4.
splendens (Paraona), 71.
Spodoptei-a, 246.
gpoliata (Alamis), 250.
spnliata (Pliisia), 575.
spoiisalia (Catocala), 442.
spurcata (Gadirtha),369.
sqiialida (Lapbygma),
249.

squainicornis (Entomo-

gramnia), 533.
squamiplena (Oalicula),

445.
Steiria, 400.
stellata (Arayna), 251.
stellata (Capnodes), 523.
stellata (Qrapbiphora),

265.

stellata (Prospalta\ 211.
stellifera (Buplexia), 210.
stevensii (Polia), 203.
Stictoptera, 400.
StictopterinEe, 396.
stigmata (Cbasmina),
289.

stigmata (Hypffitra), 509.
stigmata (Spilosoma), 5.
stigmatopbora (Cuculia),
239.

stigmatula (Erastria),
251.

stigraoleuca (Oalesia),
580.

stilbioides (Adrepsa), 64.
stola (Fodina), 530.
stoliczkaj (Euplexia), 214.
Btolida (Grammodes),532.
stramen (Leiicania), 272.
strameu (Xantbodes),
322.

straminea (Doranaga),
362.

straminea (Miltocbnsta),
108.

straminea (Noctiia), 175.
strenualis (Glyrtona), 405.
striata (Lithosia), 118.
striata (Stictoptera), 402.

alphabeticaIj index.

striatovirens (Euplexia),
213.

striatovirens (Poly-
desma), 472.

striatura (Pterogonia),
363.

striota (Poapbila), 251.
strigata (Gaopbria), 74.
strigata (Pbalajna), 560.
strigata (Secusio), 50.
strigatulum (Spilosoma),
7.

strigicosta (Oingalesa),
337.

strigidi3Ca(Apamea), 210.
strigilera (Magusa), 226.
strigifera (Plotbeia), 370.
strigilineata (Oallop-

istria), 254.
strigipennis (Melipotis),

452.

strigipennis (Milto-

ehrista), 111.
strigipennis (Nyotipao),

460.

strigivena (Seloa), 147.
strigivenata (Eugoa), 99.
strigivenata (Milto-

cbrista), 107.
stuposa (Noctua), 500.
stygia (Erastria), 301.
subapicalis (Ingura), 389.
subcervina(Miltoobrista),

114.

subebalvbffia (Plusia),
575. ■

subcinerea (iEmene), 92.
suboostalis (Thermesia),
534.

subourva (Buplexia), 212.
subdolens (Oerastis), 184.
subCascia (Spilosoma), 4.
subfaseiata (Otbora),
405.

subfaseiata (Steiria), 400.
subfixa (Acontia), 304.
subflavalis (Marimatba),
324.

subglauca (Otbora) 369.
sub.jecta (Ecblida), 12.
sublimis (Polydesma),
466.

submarginalis (Agrotis),
249.

submarginali9(Nouagria),
285.

submarginata (Tavia),
447.

submemorans (Fooilla),
644.

submira (Ophiusa), 497.

submusco.sa (Bariana),
375.

subnitens (Leucania), 270.
subobliqua (Steiria), 401.
subornata (Oyana), 58.
Subrita, 337.
subsatura (Hypooala),
453.

subsatura, var. limbata

(Hypocala), 453.
subaequa (Ti-iphajna),

190.

Bubsignata (Leucania),
272.

substruens (Tavia), 458.
subterminalis (Prodenia),
247.

Bubtilis (Carea), 422.
subtracta (Amyna), 2.^0.
subunita (Sympis), 539.
Buocinea (Heliothis), 174.
suffumosa (Spirama),
553.

Buffundens (Barsine), 60.
suffusa (Mamestra), 230.
sulfusa (Miltochrista),
111.

suffusa (Noctua). 182.
sufiusa (Nudaria), 123.
suffusa (Spilosoma), 7.
sulpburalis (Taracbe),
315.

sulpburaria(Barias), 134.
sulphurea (Noctua), 315.
superba (Ariolica), 129.
superba (Westermannia),
359.

supplex (Perigea), 251.
Surina, 43.

surnia (Ampbipyra), 191.
suttadra (Arctia), 16.
Swinlioea, 324.
swinboei (Taracbe), 312.
Sydiva, 223, 224.
Symitlia, 387.
Sympis, 512.
Sypna, 446.
syringa ( Argiua), 51.
Systropba, 79.

Tajniocampa, 205.
Talariga, 465.
Tambana, 436.
tangala (Leucania), 280.
tapestrina (Catocala),
440.

taprobana (Arete), 487.
taprobana; (Hadena),
211.

tajirobanis (jEraene),
92.

ALPHAPETICAL INDEX.

607

Taraobe, 310.
Taramiua, 532, 533.
tara.xaci (Caradrina),
259.

TargaUa, 390, 391.
Tarika, 79.
Tatargina, 54.
Tathodelta, 336.
Tat.horhynchus, 2(58.
teota (Ohytoriza), 251.
Tegulata, 86.
tegulata (Hyela), 308.
Teinopyga, 128.
tenebrifera (Leucania),
275.

tenebrosa (Mxnene), 93.
tenebrosa (Eroheia), 451.
tenebroaa (Magusa), 226.
tenebrosa (Sypna), 447.
tentans (Orsesia), 564.
tenuis (Agrotis), 184.
tenuis (Sadarsa), 404.
tenuisigna (Teiilisna),
7.5.

terrainalis (Litbosia), 85.
terminata (Lyolene), 111.
terminigera (Polydesiua),
473.

terracof.ta (Masalia), 178.
terranea (Mamestra),208.
tessela'-.a (Athyrma), 514.
tessellata (Miltochrista),
lib.

testaceoides (Prodeuia),
247.

teataceus (Tympauistes),
421.

tetragona (Plusia), 574.
tetragona (Thysanopty.'c),
75.

tetraspila (Polydesma),
471.

tetraspila (Trigonodes),

529.
Teulisna, 86.
Tbalatha, 240.
Thalatia, 408, 411.
tbalpophiloideB(Ancara),

225.
Tbermesia, 533.
thoracia (Gyrtona), 405.
thoracica (Leucania), 275.
thoraoica (Polydesma),

472.

thoracica (Radinacra),
264.

tbricophora (Catepbia),

483.
Tbumatha, 122.
thwaitesi (Caradrina),

262.

Thyas, 493.
Thyrgorina, 11.
Tbysanoptyx, 74.
tbyter (Deiopeia), 55.
tibetica (Arctia ?), 17.
tibialis (Leocyma), 288.
tigilla (Alamis), 475.
tigrina (Alphsea), 22.
tigrina (Noolua), 494.
tigrinus (Leucopardua),
31.

tinota (Dyagonia), 511.
Tinolius, 578.
Tinosoma, 426.
Tiracola, 282.
Tiridata, 408.
tirrbaca (Opbiusa), 503.
titania (Noctua), 310.
Tocbara, 533.
todarum (Spiloaoma), 7.
Topadesa, 137.
torpida (Ossonoba), 413.
torrida (Opbiusa), 500.
torsilinea (Platyja), 540.
Tortriciforma, 425.
tortricoides (Clettharra),
385.

tortricoides (Litbosia),
84.

tortum(Entoniogrannma),
533.

tortuosalis (Episparis),
543.

testa (Masalia), 178.
Toxocampa, 245.
Toxoloma, 138.
Toiopbleps, 306.
trabealis (Pyralis), 315.
Tracbasa, 207.
tragopogonis (Ampbi-

I?yra), 100.
trajeota (Opbisina), 539.
trajectus (Acantbolipes),

521.

trajiciens (Stiotoptera),
402.

transducta (Agrotis), 249.
tranaducta (Tbermesia),
534.

transflxa (Abrostola), 575.
tranaiens (Pbissaina),
29.

tranaiens (Zalissa), 155.
tran.slata (Reiiiigia), 527.
translucens (Heliotbia),
176.

transversa (Aoontia),
323.

tranaveraa (Arctia), 18.
transversa (Caradrina),
262.

transversa (Cblumetia),
376.

transversa (Oosmia), 321.
transversa (Metaobrostis),
329.

ti-ansversa (Padenia),
98.

transversa (Polia), 232.
trapezata (Nagaseua),
360.

trapezium (Opbiusa),
604.

traversii (Catocala), 494.
Tricena, 240.
triangularis (Agrotis),
189.

triangularis (Clettbarra),
386.

triangularis (Noctua),
500.

triangularis (Wester-

manuia), 359.
triangularis (Xantbo-

ptera). 317.
triangulata ,(Opbiusa),

501.

triangidata (Bemigia),
468.

triangulifera (Ariolica),

129.
Tribunta, 139.
Tricbogyia, 103.
Tricbolepis, 120.
tricbopteroides (Obaraa-

ita), 125.
tricolor (Scaptesyle),

104.

tricycla (Perigea), 319.
trifasciata (Acantbolipes)
521.

trifasciata (Eublemma),
343.

trifasciata (Padenia), 99.

trifasciatus (Acantbo-
lipes), 523.

Triflnce, 162.

trifolii (Hadena), 198.

trifolii (Leucania), 275.

trigona (Metacbrostis),
332.

trigonalis (Neumenes),
25.

Trigoniu, 544.
trigonil'era (Hypn3tra),
507.

Trigonodes, .527.
trigutlata (Bizone), 59.
trilatalis (Toxopbleps),
307.

trilineata (Oosmopbila),
409.

608

ALPHABETICAL INDEX.

trilineata (Riviila), 335.
triloba (Spinnna), 553.
trimacula (Miltocbrista),

120.
Triorbis,' 36(5.
tripartita (iEgocera),

1.'58.

tripartita (Alphaia), 24.
tripartita (Barsine), 148.
Triphrena, 180.
triphtenoides (Opbiu.sa),
505.

Tripbienopsi3, 207.
triplnBia (Abrostola),
577.

tripu Lictaria(Nyotemera),
47.

Tripura, 65, G6.
triradiata (Acoutia), 310.
Trisolialis, 101.
triseriata (Axylia), 186.
Trisopbae.s, 558.
tristigma (Noctua), 188.
triatrigosa (Earias), 133.
TriBiila, 437.
Trisuloides, 436.
trilurata (Oaradrina),

181, 249.
trivittata (Barsine), 117.
Trnctoptera, 344.
Tropaciiie, 101 .
tropica (Taracbe), 314.
truncata (Capotena), 419.
-truncata (Nyodpao), 460.
Trypheroniera, 46.
tutnida (Teulisna), 86.
tumidilinea (Opbiusa),

498.

tumulifera (Nola), 141.
turbata (Polydesma),
466.

turpis (Berresa), 252.
Tyana, 130.
Tycracona, 240.
Tympanistes, 420.
tyrannus (Opbideres),
562.

tyrianthina (Eusemia),
1.50.

uberosa (Metacbrostis),
330.

ulula (Noct.ua), 459.
umbra (Pyrrbia), 172.
umbrage (Noctua), 172.
umbricola (Polydesma),
468.

umbrifera (Dipterygia),
236.

umbrina (Homoptera),
474.

uinbrina (IIyelopsi8),30G.
umbrina (lontha), .541.
nuibrosa (Hulodes), 470.
umbrosa (Ophiu.'sa), ,502.
umbrosa (Sypna), 447.
umraera (Spilosoma), 6.
umminea (Platvja), .539.
unota (Chariclea), 179.
unoula (Hyela), 307.
undara (Anopbia), 300.
undicilia ( Apamea), 199.
undidans (Agrotie), 183.
undulata (Metachi-ostis),
327.

undulata (Pseudacidalia),
351.

undulifera (Amyna), 251.

unduligera (Metacbros-
tis), 328.

undulosa (Miltochrista),
108.

unieuba (Catnoala), 442.
uni fascia (Tliyrgorina),
13.

imilbrmis (Oaradrina),
261.

uniformis (Ercbeia), 452.
uniformis (Leucania),
280.

uniformis (Lopboneura),
78.

vmif'ormis (Poaphila),
519.

uniformis (Spilarctia\ 4.
uniformis (Tricbolepis),
121.

unilinea (Hamodes), 548.
unilinea (Lyncestis), 479.
uninotata (Earias), 134.
uniplaga (Teulisna), 88.
unipimcta (Leucania),
275.

unistrigata (Spirama),
555.

unxia (Noctua), 371.
upsilou (Taracbe), 311.
Uraba, 138.
usta (Erygia), 445.
ustipennis (^Micrasscbus),
353.

ustulata (Phyllodes), 657.
Utetheisa, 54.
Utriculifera, 94.

vacillans (Ampbissa), 29.
vacillans (Selenis), 345.
vagabunda (Pseudocalpe),
567.

vagesa (Litbosia), 85.
v-albiim (Leucania), 273.
valida (Olettbarra), 384.

valida (Grapbipbora),
187.

validula (Hypogramma),

475.
Vamuna, 67.
vnna (Leucania), 271.
Vapara, 259, 268, 465.
■Parana (Litbosia). 79.
varia (Alpba;a), 13.
variabilis (Steiria), 401.
varialis (Episparis), 543.
variana (Oaradrina). 266.
varians (Briarda), 410.
varians (Dinurama). 355.
Tarians (Miltoobrista),

115.

varians (Nyetemera), 48.
variegata (Blenina), 378.
variegata (Olettbarra),
384.

variegata (Pilosocrures),
444.

variegata (Eisoba), 399.
variegata (Tris'da), 438.
variegata (Trisuloides),
436.

variolosa (CiiToedial, 411.
variolosa (Nyetemera),
49.

varipes (Carea), 423.
v-brunneum (Conservula),
247.

vegeta (Swinboea), 325.
velans (Aucba). 194.
velata (Otbora), 369.
velox (Metacbrostis). 325.
vennltsa (Leucania), 279.
venalis (Opbiusa), 499.
venata (Metacbrostis),
330.

venosa (Oaradrina), 259.
vencsa (Euplexia), 220.
venosa (Prabbasa), 76.
venosa (Tliyrgorina), 13.
venosa (Z dissa), 156.
venulia (jEgocera), 158.
venu9(Callimorpba). 148.
venusta (Deiopia), 55.
venustula (Prodenia),
249.

veprecola (Xantboptera),
319.

verbasci (OueuliaX 238.
vertieillata (Pbisia), 569.
vespertibo (Spirama),
554.

vesta (Noctua), 503.
vestalis (Oatocala), 410.
vetula (Eusemia), 154.
vetusta (Polydesma), 467.
vetustalis (Docela), 520.

AliPHABBTIOAL INDEX.

609

vialis (Hyolopsis), 304.
vialis (Risoba), 398.
viai-ia (Grapliiphora),
182.

vioaria (Ocbropleura),
183.

Tioire (Toxocatnpa), 246.
•victi'ix (Eusemia), 150.
vidua (Pelochyta), 38.
vigens (Diphthera), 294.
vilis (Gnamp(.onyx), 480.
villica (Arctia), 15.
viminalis (Bombycia),
206.

viminalia (Raphia), 206.
vinctale (Tathorhynchus),
268.

vinosa (Homoptera), 476.
violaeea (Hyperneenia),
196.

violacea (Hypocala), 454.
virbia (Phalsena), 526.
virens (Eurois), 231.
virescens (Bryophila),
297.

virescens (Polia), 234.
virginea (Eublemma),
339.

viriata (Apamea), 199.
viridalis (Bocana), 375.

viridata (Ohrysorabdia),
74.

viridinotata (Perciana),
296.

viridipuncta (Tortricifor-

ma), 425.
vitea (Olettharra), 385.
vitellina (Pitrasa), 399.
vittata (Alphsea), 22.
vittata (Leucania), 271.
vivida (Homodes), 364.
vulcania (Eusemia), 1.50.
Tulneratus (Pentacitro-

tus), 148.
vulpina (Gonitis), 409.
vulpina (Graphiphora),

185.

vulpina (Nootua), 495.

walkeri (Patiila), 459.
Westermaniiia, 358.
westermannii (Plusiodes),
359.

Xanthia, 170.
santhindyma (Cosmophi-

la), 411.
xanthockroa (Gonitis),

409.

Xanthocraspeda, 121.

Xanthodes, 322.
Xantlioptera, 316.
xanthoptera (Anereuthi-

na), 510.
xantlioptera (Marima-

tha), 324.
xanthostieta (Argyro-

thripa), 381.
xylinata (Lophoptera),

402.

yendola (Alamis), 474.
yerburii (Oallopistria),
255.

ypsilon (Agrotia), 182.

Zadadra, 76, 77.
Zagira, 344.
Zalissa, 155.
zamis (Phalnjna), 458.
Zarima, 481, 484.
zebrina (Miltochrista),
116.

zerali (Pbalasna), 17.
zingba (Tinolius), 579.
Zitna, 347.

zonalis (Oorgatha), 347.
Zonosoma, 46.
zura (Ercbeia), 452.
zygia (Erolieia), 452.

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