I
LONDON SCHOOL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE
HOT TO in™ IWAY.
THE FAUNA OF BRITISH INDIA,
mcLrDiNa
CEYLON AND BURMA
PUBLISSED UNDER THE AVTKOmTY OF THE SeCEETAST OF
State fob India in Council. edited by w. t. blanfobd.
HYMENOPTERA— Vol. I.
WASPS AND BEES.
BY
LiEUT.-CoLONEL C. T. BINGHAM.
LONDON: TAYLOE AND FRANCIS, RED LION COURT, FLEET STREET.
CALCUTTA : THACKEE, SPINK, & CO.
BOMBAY : THACKBR & CO., LIMITED.
BERLIN :
B. I-EIEDLANDEB & SOHN, U 0AELSTEA8SE. 1897.
LONDON SCHOOL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE
HOT ^irTAKElTlWAY.
PRINTED BY TATLOE AND PRANC18, RED LION COURT, FLEET STREET.
INTEODUCTION.
HYMENOPTERA.
Trna Order Hymenoptera comprises the Sawflies, the Gallflies, the Ichneumons the Ants, the Sand- and Wood-wasps, the Wasps
'Ti nttenSy admitted that Hymenoptera have a right to be considered the most highly developed mentally « all insects Certain forms, as the ants, the social bees, and wasps hve m large communities, have a regular and organized division of classes a,nd labour, and frequently maintain complex social relations with insects of other orde/s that, as guests or parasites, harbour m
*^ThrH^enoptera are distinguished from all other insects by the following general characters : — , ^, i.
Mandibles always present and conspicuous, even when the rest of the oral parts are more or less changed and abnormal, in the hieher forms, the thorax and abdomen are remarkably modiiied. The first segment of the abdomen is separated from the remaining sesments by a complex and extremely flexible joint and is united to the posterior portion of the thorax, forming with it a consoh- dated mass, which has appropriately been called the alitrunk by Dr Sharp Wings four, membranous, with comparatively tew nervures, enclosing spaces or cells irregular in shape and limited in number; the posterior wings smaller than the anterior. Abdomen in the female furnished, at its apex, with a saw, borer,
ovipositor, or sting. , , , i r -i- i
Larva in the more highly developed genera and families always vermiform and footless, but in some of the lower forms with thoracic and abdominal legs, the latter frequently numerous. Pupa inactive, the parts as in the imago, but more or less colom-less and enveloped in a thin delicate membrane.
The head of a hymenopterous insect is quite free from the thorax and often remarkably mobile. It varies but little in shape : the vertex (figs. 1, 2, & 3, a) is usually more or less convex and transverse, very often broad and subquadrate; the chee/c (fig. 1, 6) lies behind the eye, and when the lower rim of the latter does not extend down to 'the base of the mandibles it includes the space between the eyes and the mandibles; the comjjound eyes{i\g. l,c: figs. 2 & 3, d, 'd) occupy the sides of the head, and are built up generally of many facets, but in some of the ants are reduced to one facet. On the vertex (sometimes a little below it) are placed
iv INTEODTJCTIOir.
the simple eyes or ocelli (figs. 2 & 3, h), three in iiumber ; these may be present or absent, complete, or distorted as iu some of the Sphegidm. Below the vertex is the front (figs. 2 & 3, c), on which are inserted the aniemm (fig. 1, d-f; figs. 2 & 3, e-f). The parts of the antenna are the scape (fig. 1, d; figs. 2 & 3, e) and the flagellum (fig. 1, e-f; figs. 2 & 3, /, /). The sc«pe or basal joint of the antenna is sometimes elongate as in the Metero(jyna or Ants :
j-ig l—SaUns avreoscriceus. Side view of head much enlarged.— a, Tertex; h cheek ; c, compound eye ; d, scaije of anteunn ; e-f, flagellum of a'ntenvm ; cljpens ; /(, mandible ; j, maxillary palpus ; k, labial palpus ; I, portion of maxilla.
the flagellum is, as a rule, divided into eleven joints in the female and twelve in the male ; the apical joint or joints in the latter sex being sometimes more or less modified, e. g., curved into a book as in some of the Diphptera, spined and excavate below as in som'e of the Fossores (Bemhea;), or dilated and flattened as in a few of the Ant?ioj}hila. Below the base of the antennae is a more or less conspicuous and shield-like plate called the chjpeiis (figs. 1,2, & 3, g), the form of which affords valuable specific or, sometimes, generic characters. Beneath the clypeus and hinged on to its anterior margin is the lalrum (figs. 2 & 3, h): this is variable in size and form, and is frequently entirely concealed underneath the clypeus, while in a few genera it is exserted and elongate to an extraordinary extent. The part underneath the labrum is the epipharynx. The mandibles (fig. l,Ji: figs. 2 & 3, i, i) are hinged to the apex of the cheeks below and fold over or under the labrum ; under all modifications in size and shape they remain conspicuouslv cutting or crashing machines. On the underside of the lower or face portion of the head is a hollow into which ht the softer mouth-parts when at rest. These latter consist chiefly of the labium and the maxilla? (figs. 4 & 5). The lahwm is attached to the side walls of the buccal hollow, through narrow joints, the lora and the cardines. The upper portion ol-^ the labium forms the suhmenUtm and mentiim from the apex ot the latter at the sides spring the labial palpi (fig. 4, Ic, k), and from
INTRODUCTION.
V
between the labial palpi, the Ugula ov tongue ^ig- 4, j), en sheathed at base by the pamt,lossc. (fig. 4, 1,1). Both th« Jg'^^^ and paraglossce are very variable in term. On each side ot the labium are the maxilla> (lie;. 5), sheath-like organs with a basal portion, the stipes (Sg. 5, n), and an apical lobe, the galea (hg.
|
9 |
||
|
o |
Kcj.4;
Fig. 2.— Common Honey-bee (^pts meUifera). Front view of head muck enlarged, a, vertex; h, ocelli ; c, front ; d, d, compound eyes ; e, e, scape of antenna:; /, /, flagellum of antennoe; g, clypeus ; h, labrum ; i, i, mandibles ; k, k, labial palpi ; I, one of the paraglossae of the tongue ; m, ligula or tongue ; n, maxilla.
Fig. i.—Xylocopa dissimUis. Front view of head much enlarged, a, vertex ; h, ocelli ; c, front ; d, d, compound eyes ; e, e, scape of antennse , /, /, flagellum of antennse; ff, clypeus ; h, labrum ; i, i, mandibles.
Fig. 4:.—Xylocopa dissimiUs. Labium much enlarged, k, k, labial palpi ; I, I, paraglo.'fsa! ; ni, ligula.
Fig. b.—Xijlocopa dissimUis. Maxilla much enlarged, n, stipes ; o, maxillary palpus ; p, galea.
Close to the junction of the stipes with the galea springs the maxillary palpus (fig. 5, o). The form and structure of the mouth- parts are of great value in the classification of the Hymenoptera.
The thorax proper is composed of three segments — the pro-, meso-, and metathorax. The prothorax is remarkable for the ^
INTRODUCTION.
detachment of the side pieces (fig. 8, «, a) from the notum and their ai-eat development. In many species these side pieces completely overlie the prosternum. The wesothornx consists o a broad, geAerally convex plate, the mesonotum (iig. 6, c, & hg. ^ o), a posterior portion, the scutum or scutellum (tig. b, /i, & Hg. t,J)>
Kg.
segment, much ei>larged a P;°;^;"^7\^^;„\. articulation of fore wing ; «Z,parap.ideofmesoBotumj^^«^^^^^ episternum ; i,
5- site °f
epin.eron ^/^^^/^^^'^^I'^^^S^^ if metonotum; episternuni ;
portion ot n^f?"°^"'^'.;','?°'^"tuVb^^ «, 1st true abdominal
riSTe ^^fdir:Siror%S:u^- ^^^-^^--^ ^-^
rVhS L^^^rt e. «, pvonotum ; i, n^esonotum ; c, C parapBides
.ig.So;a^ir3o. . . -£i:iTS-gsit?"i^-
meta"'rn?m .tventral plate of median segment.
Side pieces, the episternuvr 6, and '^i-^^^^X^'e^ ^ two united making up the ^^^''<>P^''"-"V ^ sternum (fig. 8, c c) The -es^no uin ^^^-^Y
^5S.;Xtt i =0.. similarly has
INTRODUCTION.
vii
a dorsal plate, the metanotum (fig. 6, I; n' ; fig. 7, g, 7i\ h'), the anterior portion of which is called the postscutellum ; side pieces, episternum (lig. 6, I) and ej,imeron (fig. 6, m), tje two together forming the metapleuron ; and the metasternum (fig. ^,J,f)-
In all the higher Hymenoptera, as noted above, the basal seg- ment of the abdomen is closely amalgamated with the metathorax (iio- 6 71 & fig. 7, h). This segment has been variously called "Latreill'e's segment," the "propodeum," or the "median segment.
Throuo-hout this work I have preferred to use the term "median seoinent" as being most generaUy known. The median segment has very often short oblique lateral slits or grooves with their anterior edo-e raised and prominent : these slits or grooves are the so-called " false stigmata " (fig. 7, j, j). The ventral plate of the median seg- ment (fig. 8, h) can generally be made out with but little difficulty. The sculpture of the thorax and of the median segment is largely used in the discrimination of the species.
The appendages of the thorax are the legs and the wings. The legs, as in all insects, are six in number, attached to the underside of the thorax by their basal joints, the coxce (fig. 9, a) : the fore legs are articulated to the prothorax, the intermediate pair to the mesothorax, and the posterior to the metathorax. Below the coxEB are the troclianiers (fig. 9, h) : these may be simple, in one piece, as in the bulk of the Aculeata, or in two with an articula- tion between, as in most of the Parasitica. Articulated to the trochanters below are the femora (fig. 9, c) ; below these the tihioi (fig. 9, d), and below the tibias the tarsi (fig. 9, /). The tarsus m Hymenoptera is S-jointed, with very few exceptions : the basal joint (fig. 9, g) or metatarsus is usually the longest, the apical joint (fig. 9, I) is invariably provided with two claws (fig. 9, m, m), which may be simple, bifid, or dentate beneath. Between the claws lies the pad or pidvillm, which, however, is absent in many genera.
The legs of Hymenoptera, especially the tibiae and tarsi, are as a rule more or less furnished with spines, stiff hairs, or pubescence of some kind, the presence or absence and disposition of which afford valuable characters for the discrimination of species and even of genera.
The ivi7igs (figs. 10 and 11) are invariably four in number, and nearly always present in the imago in both sexes. The females, and more rarely the males in a few forms, are apterous. Among the Heterogyna, or Ants, the fvilly-developed females and the males only are provided with wings, the neuters or workers (more correctly "the females with arrested development) being apterous. The anterior wings are attached to the sides of the mesothorax (fig. 6/, site of attachment of fore wing), and the points of junction are protected and covered by little plates or shields, the tegulw (fig. 6, e ; fig. 7, d, d). The posterior wings are borne by the metathorax, and their points of junction with the thorax are slightly lower in a vertical direction than those of the fore wings.
vm
INTEODUCTION,
The wings, as already stated above, are membranous, divided by nervures into irregular spaces or cells which in the fore wing are never more than twenty in number, and in the hind wing fifteen.
'/ft
■pia 9 —Hind leg of Salius aureosericeus. a, coxa; i, trochanter; c, femur; rf,' tibia; e, tibial calcaria; /, tarsus; g-l, joints of tarsus; m, claws;
Pig 'lo'^ForT wing, a, antei-ior margin ; b, apical margin ; c, posterior margin • d, postcostal nervure ; e, externo-medial nervure ; /, anal nervure'- g, radial nervure; h, cubital nervure; i, discoidal nervure; m 71 0 ist, 2ncl, and 3rd transverse cubital nervures ; p, g, 1st and 2nd recurrent nervures ; u, basal or medial nervure ; v, w, 1st and 2nd trans- verse subbasal, or submedial nervures: 1, stigma; 2, radial cell; 3, 4, 5, and 6 cubital cells ; 7, 8, 9, discoidal cells; 10, costal cell; 11, basal or medial cell ; 12, 13, subbasal or submedial cells ; 14, apical cell ; 15, anal
Ti^'—Hind wing, a, anterior or costal margin ; b, postcostal nervure ; c medial nervure ; d, anal nervure ; e, radial nervure ; /, cubital nervure ; n discoidal nervure; h, transverse anal nervure; k, anal lobe ; I, transverse rnbital nervure: 1, site of the hamuli or little hooks which catch ou to the fore wing during flight; 2, costal cell; 3, radial cell; 4, medial ceU; fS anal cell; 6, cubital cell ; 7, discoidal cell. , i,
Fig. 12 -Abdo^en, 5 ■ «^ »^ «^ ^orsal segments ; 6, b\ b\ b^ b\ b\
ventral segments.
The winged Hymenoptera are, as a rule, capable of swift and sustained flight. Por this purpose they possess a wonderful arrangement^one of the mist beautiful in nature) for hnkmg
»
INTRODUCTION. IX
together during flight the fore and hind wings. Examined with a good lens, the fore wing is seen to have a fold along its posterior margin, while on the anterior or costal margin of the hind wing a row of hook-shaped bristles or hairs can be easily detected. When the wings are expanded these hooks, or hamuli as they are called, catch on firmlv to the fold in the fore wing, and the fore and hind wing on each side are enabled to act in concert, having the appear- ance and all the firmness of a single expanded membrane. The names of the nervnres and cells in the wings are included in the explanation nnder figures 1 0 and 11. The number and disposition of these nervures and cells are of considerable importance in the classification of the Hymenojitera.
The abdomen (fig. 12) is attached to the thorax direct or through the median segment, the articulation being either broad and not very flexible, as in the lower forms, or narrow and possessed of the utmost flexibility, as in the bulk of the families into which the Hymenoptera are divided. So remarkable is this flexibility, that a bee or a wasp is not only able to twist its abdomen and sting in all directions posteriorly, but many species can, and do, double the abdomen underneath the thorax, and protrude the sting in front of the head.
As a rule the abdomen, in the higher Hymenoptera, consists of six visible segments in the female and of seven segments in the male, each segment formed by a dorsal and a ventral plate (fig. 12,
a-a% b-b'). . -, . ,
The epipi/gium, or dorsal portion of the apical abdominal segment, and the Tiypopygium, or ventral portion of the same, together form what is called the pygiclium. Occasionally the term " pygidial area " is used, and refers to a portion of the epipygium which in certain forms is margined and flat, not convex *.
The Hymenoptera fall naturally into two great divisions or suborders, characterized by the difference in the articulation of the abdomen with the thorax referred to above, and by more profound diflferences in the form and life-history of the larvae. The external difi'erence in the imago may be tabulated as follows : —
I. Suborder SESSILIVENTEES.
Median segment (1st true abdominal segment) not completely amalgamated with the thorax, the joint between the thorax and abdomen broad.
* For an aocurate and full account of the external and internal anatomy of the Hymenoptera, see the ' Cambridge Natural History,' Vol. V., Part Inseota, by Dr. D. Sharp.
X
INTHODUOTION.
II. Suborder PETIOLATA.
Median segment (1st true abdominal segment) completely amal- gamated with the thorax ; joint between the thorax (including the median segment) and the abdomen slender, highly mobile.
A good representative form belonging to the Suborder Scssilivenires is shown at fig. V6. This is an undescribed species, from Sikhim, of the genus Hylotoma belonging to the family Tenihrediniclce or Sawflies. Pi„ 13' The Suborder Peiiolnia, containing by far the
Hylotoma, sp. ? |. larger number of the families in the Order, can be subdivided into the
(1) Pahasittoa.— Trochanters of the legs in two portions with an articulation between : female furnished with an ovipositor
(2) AcuLEATA.— Trochanters undivided ; female furnished with a sting.
The character derived from the trochanters is liable to exceptions. Some of the Iclineumonidce, which belong to the division Paeasitica, have undivided trochanters ; while on the other hand some of the Spliegido! (e. g., the genus Nysson), true aculeates, are markedly
ditrochous. . ii
The wing-neuration in the Ichneumonidce, however, is generally so marked that, with a little care, confusion between the torms m the different divisions can be avoided.
Fig. ^.-Ichneumon sp. ?, ? . F^S- Vo.-Bracon deceptor. Sm., 2 . \.
Pigures 14 and 15 show representative Indian examples of the PAiisixiCA belonging to the families Jchneumomda^ and Bracomda:
INTROBTrOTIOK.
The AC0LEATA have been divided into Series or Tribes. All divisions, ho^vever, more comprehensive than families must be considered more or less conventional.
Keij to the Tribes of the Aculeata.
A. Apical abdomiual segments highly retractile ;
abdomen with only three, four, or five visible
segments; wings when at rest without a ™.
longitudinal fold • • ■ TUBULIFEKA.
B. Apical abdominal segments not so retractile ;
abdomen generally with six ( 2 ) or seven ( S ) visible segments ; wings when at rest with or without a longitudinal fold. a. Hairs not plumose or branched ; basal joint of posterior tarsi not dilated. a'. Wiug^ when at rest without a longitu- dinal fold.
a-. Petiole of abdomen with one or more i:,T,«r'VNrft
scales or nodes : species social . HETEROGYNA.
6^. Petiole of abdomen simple : species
solitary ,.• FOSSORES.
b'. Winffs when at rest with a longitudinal
fold DIPLOPTERA.
h. Hairs of the thorax plumose or branched; basal ioint of posterior tarsi more or less dilated ANTHOPHILA.
The present volume takes in only the Fossores, Biploptera, and Anthopliila.
Key to the Families of the Fossores.
A. Posterior lateral angles of pronotum produced
back to the base of the wings.
a. A deep constriction between Ist and 2nd
ventral segments of abdomen. a'. Intermediate coxse contiguous : 5 apterous. Mutillidae. h'. Intermediate coxse widely separated : J
winged Scoliidae.
b. No constriction between Ist and 2nd ventral
segments of abdomen. a! . Posterior legs short, not reaching much beyond apex of abdomen. a^. Eyes emarginate on inner side : 5
winged *Sapi/ffidee.
b^. Eyes not emarginate on inner side : 5
apterous Thjmnidae.
b'. Posterior legs long, reaching well beyond apex of abdomen ; eyes not emarginate on inner side Pompilidae.
B. Posterior lateral angles of pronotum not pro-
duced back to base of the wings ; pro- notum often forming a mere collar Sphegidae.
* Not known to oscur in India.
xii XNTEODUCTION.
Key to the Families of the Diploptera.
A. Intermediate legs armed witli one tibial
calcar : claws of tarsi bifid or dentate : species
solitary • Eumenidae.
B. Intermediate legs armed with two tibial cal-
caria ; claws of tarsi simple : species social . Vespidae.
Key to the Families of the Anthophila.
A. Tonffue short, obtuse, emarginate or bifid at
apex CoUetidae.
B. Tongue short and acute, or long (sometimes
very long) and acute, never emarginate Apidae.
The arrangement of tlie Hymenoptera in this valume, so far as the primary divisions go, is based on the classification adopted by Dr D Sharp in the Cambridge Natural History volume on Peripatus, Myriapods, and Insects. In the divisions of the Aculeate section of the suborder Petiolata I have followed, with certain modifications, the arrangement given m Mr E Saimders valuable work on the Hymenoptera Aculeata of the British Islands. With regard to the Anthophila, I agree with Mr. Saunders that the distinction between the bees with obtuse emarginate tongues and the bees with acute non-emarginate or simple tongues is of greater importance than the distanction between the usually accepted divisions of the tribe, Andremdm and Apidce. On the other hand, I have preferred to place the whole of the bees with acute tongues under the i^w^nAj Apidm as there seems to me no choice between this and dividing them into several families or subfamilies, as proposed by Schraiedeknecht, Dalla Torre, and others.
The present volume appears under the disadvantage of being the first attempt at describing the Wasps and Bees of India as a whole ; no complete list even has hitherto been pubhshed, nor have the Hymenoptera received nearly as much attention from Indian naturalists as the Lepidoptera. Whilst therefore, it may be hoped that this book will du:ect the attention of ob- servers and collectors in India to a most interesting though omewhat neglected order of insects, and that it will facilitate the identification of the species which occur, it must be remembered that not only is our general knowledge of the Indian HMneno- p l very in^omplete'but our information as to the distribution ?f the species hitherto recorded is singularly imperfec For many of the species described in the following pages no more Sact locality is known than "India." Some species to which an Ind an origii was erroneously assigned by the older w"ters jre o^tted in the present work, and it is probable that a few more
INTHODTJOTIOlf.
xiii
here included may nob occur witiiin the area now under British rule, but the majority of the forms recorded as Indian have doubtless been obtained from some part of India, Ceylon, or Burma, and it is to be hoped that all these will be rediscovered and the area they inhabit precisely determined.
The few species of which I have been unable to examine specimens are distinguished by an asterisk prefixed to the serial number, thus *960.
Tor material I have had my own large collections, made partly in the North-West Provinces, and during one season in Sikhim, but chiefly during the last twelve years in Burma and Tenasserim.
I have to thank the Authorities of the British Museum for free access to the rich collections contained in the Natural History Museum at South Kensington. To Dr. P. Magretti, of Milan, Dr. E. Gestro, of the Museo Civico, Genoa, and Mens. B. Andre, of Gray, Haute-Saone, France, my warmest acknowledgments are due for the generous loan of many types and specimens. Above all, however, I am indebted to Mr. G. A. James Eothney, who very generously placed at my disposal the whole of his large and varied collection made during several years' residence in Bengal and the North-West Provinces of India. I have to thank also Miss A. Brook, Col. Terbury, Mr. P. Mdller, Mr. E. E. Green, Mr. W. D. Cumming, Mr. T. A. Hauxwell, Mr. A. Weston, and other friends, for very kindly sending to me collections of Hyraenoptera from various parts of India, Burma, and Ceylon.
LIST OF THE PRINCIPAL WORKS QUOTED IN THE SYNONYMY.
Abh. Nat. Ges. Halle. Abhandlungen der naturforsohenden Gesellsohaft
zu Halie. 1854-96. A. M. N. H. Anualsaad Magazine of Natural History. London, 1838-97. Ann. Mus. Civ. Gen. Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturals di
Geneva. Genoa, 1870-97. Ann. Mus. Zool. Univ. Nap. Annnario del Museo Zoologico della
E. Universita di Napoli. Anni i.-vi. Naples, 1862-71. Ann. Naturhist. Hofmns. Wien, Annalen der k.-k. naturhistorisclien
Hofmuseums. Vienna, 1886-97. Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr. Amiales de la Society Entomologique de France.
Paris, 1832-97.
Berl. ent. Zeit. Berliner entomologisclie Zeitsohrift. Berlin, 1857-74. Bull. Soc. Ent. Ital. Bulletino della Societa ent.omologica Italiana. Florence, 1869-97.
Bull. Soc. Nat. Mosc. Bulletin de la Soci6te Imp6riale des Naturalistes
de Moscou. Moscow, 1829-97. Christ, Naturg. Ins. J. L. Christ, Naturgeschichte &c. der Insekten.
Frankfort-on-Main, 1791. Costa, Faun. Regn. Nap. O. G. Costa, Fauna del Eegno di Napoli.
Naples, 1832-70.
Curtis, Brit. Ent. S. Curtis, British Entomology. London, 1823-40. Dahlb. Hym. Eur. i. A. G. Dahlbom, Hymenoptera Europtea, prseoipue
borealis &c. — Tom. I. Sphex sensu Linnosano. Lund, 1843-45. Ball. Torr. Cat. C. G. de Dalla Torre, Catalogus Hymenopterorum. Leipzig:
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Deutsch. ent. Zeit. Deutsche entomologische Zeitschrift. Berlin, 1875- 97. (A continuation of the Berliner entomologische Zeitschrift.)
Diet. Univ. Hist. Nat. Dictionnaire universel d'Histoire Naturelle dirigo par M. Charles D'Orbigny. 13 tols. Text, and 3 vols. Atlas. Paris, 1847-49.
Drury, HI. Exot. Ins. D. Drury, Illustrations of Natural History, &c. — Exotic Insects. 3 vols. London, 1770-82.
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Fabr. Syst. Ent. J. C. Fabricius, Systema Entomologim, &c. Leipzig, 1775.
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Fabr. Mant. Ins. J. 0. Fabricius, Mantissa Insectorum, &c. 2 vols. Copenhagen, 1787.
Xvi ■WORKS QUOTED,
Fabr. Ent. Syst. J. 0. Fabricius, Entomologia Systematica, &c. 4 toIs. et
Suppl. Copenbageu, 17'.)2-98. Fabr. Syst. Piez. J. 0. Fabricius, Systema Piezatorura. Brunswiclt,
1804.
Guer. Cuv. Icon. Regne Anim. F. E. Gu6rin-M6neville, looiiograpbie
du Eegne Animal de G. Ouvier— Insectes. Paris, 1829-44. Guer. Mag. Zool. F. E. Gudrin-Mfineyille's Magasin de Zoologie. Paris,
1831- 49.
Guer. Voy. Belanger, Zool. 0. Belanger, Voyage aux Indes-Orientales &c. Zoologie— Insectes par F. E. Guerin-M6ueville. Text & Atlas. Paris, 1834.
Guer. Voy. Coq., Zool. Dujierrey, Voyage autour du Monde &c. sur la corvette La CoquU/e, &c. Zoologie— Insectes par F. E. Guerin-Meneville. 2 vols. Paris, 182(i-30.
Hor. Soc. Ent. Ross. Horse Societatis Entomologicse Rossicse. St. Peters- burg, 1861-97.
niig. edit. Faun. Etrusca. P. Rossi, Fauna Etrusea, &c. Tom. II, iterum
edita &o. a D. Oarolo lUiger. Helmstiidt, 1807. lUig. Mag. Ins. .1. 0. W. Illiger, Magazin fur Insecteukunde. 6 vols.
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Jour. As. Soc. Beng. Journal of tbe Asiatic Society of Bengal. Calcutta,
1832- 97.
Jour Bomb. N. H. Soc. Journal of tbe Bombay Natural History Society.
Vols. i.-s. Bombay, 1886-97. Jour. Linn. Soc. Journal of tbe Proceedings of tbe Liunean Society.
London, 1857-97.
Jvuine, Hym. L. Juvine, Nouvelle Mfithode de olasser les Hymfinopteres,
&c.' Geneva & Paris, 1807. Kirbv & Spence, Introd. Ent. W. Kirby & W. Spence, An Introduction
to Entomology, &c. London : 1st edit., 4 vols. 1815-26 ; 5tb edit., 4 vols.,
1828.
Klue Symb. Phys., Ins. Hempricb ot Ebrenberg, Syrabolaj Pbysica; seu
Icones et Descriptiones eorporum naturaliuni novoi-um aut minus cogni-
torum quiE ex itiuBi-ibus per Libyam, Mgyptam, Nubiam, Dnngolam,
Syriam, Arabiam et Habessiniam, &c. Berlin, 1828. KluK Web. u. Mohr, Beitr. Naturk. Klug in Webei- nnd Mobr's
Beitriige zur Naturkunde, Vol. II. Kiel, 1810. Latr Gen. Crust. Ins. P. A. Latreille, Genera Crustaceorum etinsectorum,
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Latr Precis caract. Gen. Ins. P. A. Latreille, Precis des Caracteres
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Mit. Schweiz. ent. Ges. Mittlieilunpen der scliweizeriscben entomolo-
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Panz. Krit. Revis. Faun. Deutschl. G. "W. F. Panzer, ICritische Ee-
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P. Z. S. Proceedings of tbe Zoological Society. London, 1830-97.
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Sauss. Mon. Guep. Sol. Suppl. H. F. de Saussure, Etudes sur la Famille des Vespides. Troisieme partie, omprenant la Monograpbie des Masariens, et un Supplement a la Monograpbie des Eumeniens. Paris & Geneva, 1854-56.
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schaften. Halle & Berlin, 1853-81.
SYSTEMATIC INDEX.
Page
Tribe Fossores 1
Fam. 1. MuTiLLiDiE 1
1. Apterogyna, Latr 1
1. mutilloides, Smith .... 2
2. Mutilla, Xin?z 2
1. maximinte, Magr 10
2. piilchrinella, Mayr. . . 10
3. ninuii, Magr H
4. feffi, Magr H
6. lilliputiana, Andre . . 11 0. tridungulata, Magr. . . 11
7. soror, Sauss 12
8. pulchriceps, Cam 12
9. pectino-spinata, Magr. 12
10. niveosignata, Andre . . 13
11. dimidiata, Lepel 13
12. vicinissima, Gribodo . . 13
13. ruficrus, Had. MS. . . 14
14. interrupta, Oliv 14
15. subintrans, Sad. Sf Sich. 15
16. colabensia, Andre 15
17. ceylanensis, Sad. Sr
Sich ■. 16
18. aulica, S7nith 16
19. liesaopa, Sauss 16
20. valida, Cam 16
21. wrouglitoni, Ca7n 16
22. puUa, Andre 17
23. blanda, Smith 17
24. constancete, Cam 17
26. pondicberensis, Sad. lV
Sich 18
26. rufitarsis, Stnith 18
27. duvga, Bingh 18
28. siibglabra, Andr6 19
29. coujungenda, Magr. . . 19
30. Mrbyi, Magr 20
31. tenasaerimica, Magr.. . 20
Page
32. buddba, Cam 21
33. coronata, Fabr 21
34. decora, Smith 21
35. trimaeidata, Cam 22
36. ai'genteomaculata,
Smith 22
37. kobli, Magr 23
38. cotesi, Cam 23
39. nobilis, (SmiiiA 24
40. laminella, Magr 24
41. cassiope, Smith 24
42. sex-maculata, Sioed. . . 26
43. agnata, AndrS 25
44. iusularis, Cam 26
45. serratula, Cam 26
46. dissimulanda, Magr. . . 26
47. rothneyi, Cam 27
48. pandora, Smith 27
49. kanthellse. Cam 28
60. maculiceps, Andre .... 28
51. nigrigena, Andre .... 29
62. reticulata. Smith .... 29
63. ocellata, Sauss 29
64. maculo-fasciata, Sauss. 29 55. variggata, Smith .... 30
66. fLineraria, Smith .... 30
67. arenaiia, Fabr 30
68. semiaurata, Smith .... 31
59. remota, Cam 31
60. cicatrificera, Andre . . 31
61. aiu'ifrons, Smith 32
62. diversa. Smith 32
63. dives, Smith 32
64. cbrysopbthalma, Klug . 38
65. nudiceps, Andre 33
66. erythrocera, Cam 33
67. regia, Smith 34
68. iiestuans, Gerst 34
69. aurit'ex, Smith 34
70. bumbertiaua, Sauss. . . 35
SYSTKMAXIC INDEX.
PuKB
71. placida, Smith JiS
72. aureo-rubra, Had. c^-
Sich 35
73. tricliocondyla, Avdre . . 36
74. bicincta, Sanss 30
75. kaunras, Cam 36
76. atom us, Andr& 37
77. denticollis, Motsch. . . 37
78. coromandelica, Motsch. 87
79. veda, Coot 37
80. pusilla, Smith 38
81 . lunarifasciata, Andre . . 38
82. piierilis, Caiii 38
83. pdonaensip, Cam 39
84. rufiventris, S?nith .... 39
85. auriipalliatn., Andr6 . . 39
86. optima, Smith 40
87. pulcliviventris, Cam.. . AQ
88. metallica, Cam 41
89. perelef^ans, Cam 41
90. pulchrina. Smith .... 41
91. tavlori, Andre 42
92. argentipes. Smith .... 42
93. opulenta, Smith 42
94. schlettereri, Miiyr. . . 43
95. stepliani, Mayr 43
9('. analis, Lepel 44
97. subaiialis, Magr 44
98. turnatorei, Magr 45
99. pilosella, Magr 45
100. unifasciata, Smith .... 45
101. jofephi, Mayr 45
] 02. gribodoi, Magr 46
103. handlirscbi, Mayr. . . 46
104. emergenda, Mugr 47
105. indostana, Smith .... 47
106. emeryi, Magr 47
107. exiloidea, Magr 48
108. circumscribenda,ilffl^?-. 48 109; discreta, Cam 48
110. cariana, Magr.. 49
111. antennata, Smith .... 49
112. dilecta, Cam 49
11 3. perversa, Cam 50
114. miranda, Smith 50
115. provida, Cam 50
116. sejugoides, Magr 50
117. rufo-dorsata. Cam 51
118. yerburyi, Cam 51
119. pedunculata, Klug . . 51
Pam. 2. Thynnip.32 52
1. Methoca, Latr 52
1. bi color, Cum 53
2. orieutalis, Smith .... 63
Pane
3. smithii, Magr 5.J
4. rugosa, Cam 54
2. Iswara, Westw 54
1. luteus, Westw 55
2. fasciatus, Smith 55
Fam. 3. ScoLUDiE 1
56
Tiphia, Fabr 66
1. rufo-femorata, Smith. . 58
2. fumipennis, Smith. ... 58
3. compressa, Smith .... 69
4. cassiope, Cam 69
5. flavipeuiiis, Smith .... 59
6. lyrata, Mugr 60
7. incisa, Cam 60
8. implicata, Cam 61
9. consueta. Smith 61
10. intrudeus. Smith .... 61
11. rufipes, Smith 61
12. vicina, Magr 62
13. policarinata {Magr.) . . 62
14. erytbrocera, Cam 63
15. fiiscinervis, Cam 63
16. bivsiita, Smith 63
17. am-ipennis, Bingh 64
. Myzine, Latr 64
1. madraspatana, 65
2. maudalensis (Magr.) . . 66
3. tricolor, Smith 66
4. fuscipennis, Smith. ... 67
5. combusta, Smith .... 67
6. anthracina, Smith .... 67
7. olaripennis, Bingh. . . 68
8. dimidiaticoruis, Bingh. 68
9. dimidiata, Gv^r 68
10. pallida, Smith 69
11. orientalis, Smith .... 69
12. Ia3ta, Bingh. 70
13. burmanica, Bingh 70
14. petiolata, Smith 70
3. Scolia, Fabr 71
1. nudata. Smith 74
2. opaliiia. Smith 75
3. tyriauthina, Kirhy. ... 75
4. procer, lUiy 75
5. capitata, Guer 76
6. rubiginosa, Fahr 76
7. bfemorrboidalis, Fabr. 77
8. erratica, Smith 77
9. elizabetha?, Binyh 78
10. molesta, Satiss. Si Sich. 79
11. bilunata, Sauss 79
12. anreipennis, Zejiel 79
13. obscura, Le2)el 80
14. bhamoensis, Magr. . . 80
STSTBMATIC INDEX.
xxi
Puge
15. fulvifrons, Satiss Hi
16. nobilis, Sauss 81
17. hunieralis, Sauss 81
18. ciicullnta, Biriffh 82
19. IcBviceps, Smith 82
20. cyanipennis, J'hbr 82
21. carbonaria, Sauss 83
22. redteubacheri, Sauss. . . 83
23. coerulans, Zepe^. 83
24. indica, Snass 84
25. qiiadripustulata, Fahr. 84
26. sikkimensis, Bingh. . . 85
27. histrionica, Fair 86
28. desidiosa, Binyh 86
29. vivida, Smith 87
30. venusta, Smith 88
31. kirbyi, Mac/r 88
32. specifica, Smith 89
38. eliformis, Sauss 89
4. Elis, Fah>- 89
1. litigiosa {Smith) ^0
2. orientalis, Cam 90
3. tristis, Sauss 92
4. erigone, Bingh 92
5. i'ubro-maculata(iS'w).2V/«) 93
6. bella, Bim/h 93
7. eximia (Smith) 94
8. ii-is (Lepel.) 94
9. ceylonica (Kirbrj) .... 94
10. luctuosa Smz'M) 95
11. annulata {Fabr.) 96
12. lindenii (Lepel.) 96
13. grossa (Fabr.) 97
14. liabrocoma (Smith) . . 97
15. prismatica (Smith) . . 98
16. hirsuta, Sauss 98
17. thoracica (Fabr.) 99
18. fimbriata (Burm.) .... 99
19. asiatiea, Sauss 100
20. reticulata, Cam 100
21. cyanea, Sauss. Sf Sich. . 100 5. Liacos, Gtcei' 101
1. analis (Fabr.) 101
2. fulvopicta, Ca7n 102
Fam. 4. PoirpiLiDiE 102
1. Macromeris, Lepel 103
1. violacea, Lepel 105
2. Paragenia, Bingh. • 105
1. argentifrons (Smith) . . 106
3. Pseudagenla,Ao/«/ 106
1. honesta (Smith) 109
2. atalanta (Smith) 109
3. deceptrix, (Smith) .... 110
4. frauenfeldiana (Sauss.) 110
Page
5. firtemis, Binffh Ill
6. danae, Biw/h Ill
7. ariel, Cam 112
8. concolor (Sauss.) ■ ■ ■ ■ 1 1^
9. pedunculata (Smith). . 112
10. obseleta (Sauss.) .... 113
11. iusularis (Sauss.) .... 113
12. plebeja (iSfmss.) 114
13. blanda ((rMe;-.) ■ 114
14. clypeata, Bingh 114
15. albilabns, -Siw<?/i 115
16. stulta, Bingh 115
17. tiucta (Smith) 116
18. bipennis (Sauss.) 116
19. livpsipyle, Bingh 116
20. veda, Cam 117
21. alaris (Sauss.) 117
22. Ia3vicula, Bingh 118
23. mic.romegala (Sauss.) . 118
24. callisto (Smith) 119
25. acricula, Bingh 119
26. erigone, Bingh 119
27. ajgina (Sinith) 120
28. rava, Bingh 120
29. nana (Sauss.) 121
30. jutio (CWi.) 121
31. osenilea (Smith) 121
4. Salius, Fabi- 122
1. anthraciiius (Smith) . . 126
2. satelles, Bingh 127
3. bellicosns (Smith) 127
4. auveosericens (Guer.) . . 127
5. ceylonicus (Sauss.) . . 128
6. fulvipennis ( J'rtftr.) .. 129
7. perplexus (Smith) .... 130
8. ruhidus (Bingh.) 130
9. ichneumoneus (GztsV.) . 130
10. sycophanta (Gribodo) . 131
11. ducalis (Smith) 131
12. caevuleopennis (Sauss.). 132
13. fenestratus (Smith) . . 132
14. veda, Cam 133
16. sinensis ((Swwit/t) 133
16. indicus, Cam 134
17. smithii, Bingh 134
18. tuberculatus (Radosz.). 136
19. zelotypus, Bingh 135
20. venatorius, Bingh 136
21. placidus, Bingh 136
22. prtestabilis, Bingh. . . 136
23. acer, Bi}igh 137
24. bipartitus (Lepel.) .... 137
25. consaugiiineus (Sauss.) 138
26. fulgidipennis (Sauss.) 138
27. iridipeuuis (Smith) . . 139
28. madraRpatanus (Smith). 139
xxii
SYSTEMATIC INBBX.
Page
29. mirandus, Cam lat)
30. proporus, Biru/h 140
81. cnuitus {3mffh.) 140
32. exilipes, £int/h 141
33. nicevillii, Birif/h 141
34. terrciius, Dim/h I4l
35. tiavus (/•'((/;;•.) 142
36. gi'iissiitor, Jiiiifih 143
37. serico.soma (Smith) . . 143
38. verticalis (Smith) 144
39. momiis, Bim/h 144
40. obsonator, Bingh 144
41. valeululus, Dinyh 145
42. p;eminus, Biru/h 145
43. electua, Cam 146
44. rothneyi, Cam 146
45. cotesi, Cam 146
6. Pompilus, Fa/ir 147
1. analis, Fair 150
2. zeus, Cam 150
3. wrougbtoni, Cam 151
4. fenestmtus, Smith .... 151
5. acceptus, Binf/h 161
6. arrogans, Smith 152
7. decoratus, Smith .... 152
8. vagabiindus, Smith . . 153
9. capitosus, Smith .... 153
10. vivax, Cam 154
11. subsericeus, Sauas 154
12. herbipTadus, Bimjh. . . 165 1.3. maculipes, Smith .... 165
14. niitis, Smith 155
15. debliensis, Cain 166
16. incognitus, Cam 166
17. luciduhis (Satiss.) .... 166
18. orientalis (Cam.) .... 157
19. multipictus, Smith .... 158
20. infestus, Binyh 158
21. ariadne, Cam 159
22. reflexus, Smith 1 59
23. leucopbseus, Smith . . 160
24. limbatus, Smith 160
25. epliippiatus, Smith . . 160
26. lascivus, Cam 161
27. vitiosii.<!, Smith 161
28. zebra, Cam 162
29. comptus, Lepel 162
30. moestus, Binffh 163
31. atripes, Srnith 163
32. pedalis, Cam 103
33. beatus, Cam 164
34. bracatus, Binffh 164
35. dredalus, Binffh 165
.36. canifrons, Smith 165
37. simillimus, Smith .... 166
38. ignobilis, Sauss 166
Page
39. perplexus, Smith .... 167
40. pai'thenope, Cam 107
41. bioculatus, Binffh 167
42. uuifasciatus, Smith . . 168
43. alicias, Bim/h 168
44. rothneyi, Cam 109
45. pedestris, Smith ...... 169
40. cameronii, Binffh 170.
47. circe, Cam 170
48. ilus, Binffh 171
49. dimidiatipennis(iSaMis.) 171
50. becate, Ca7n 171
51. mirandus (Sauss.) .... 172
52. myrmecoides, Binffh. . . 172
53. lusciosus, Binffh 173
6. Ceropales, Latr 173
1. ornata, Smith 174
2. fuscipennia, Smith. . . . 174
3. tiavo-picta, Smith .... 175
4. annulitarais, Cam 175
5. pBvnix, Binffh 176
6. albovariegata, Cam. . . 176
7. claripeunis, Cam 176
7. Apoi'Lis, <S/}w 177
1. bengalenaia, Cain 178
2. orientalis (Cam.) .... 178
3. cotesi, Cam 178
Fam. 5. Sphegid^ 179
1. Astata, Latr 182
1. nigricans. Cam 183
2. orientalis, iS'h«'</« 183
3. maculifi'ons, Cam 183
4. agilis. Smith 184
5. tarda, Cam 184
2. Tacbytes, Fanz 185
1. yerburyi, Binffh 186
2. fer\'ida, Smith 186
3. couspicua (Smith) .... 187
4. erythropoda, C'a?». . . 187
5. tarsata, Smith 188
6. monetaria, Smith .... 188
7. saundersii, Binffh 189
8. sinensis, Smith 189
9. modesta, St/iM 190
10. ornatipes, Cain 190
11. nitidula(Fa6)-.) 190
12. vicina. Gam. 191
13. visbnu, Cam 191
3. Tacbyspbex, Eohl 192
1. bengalensia, Cam 193
2. testaceipes, Binffh. . . 193
3. auriceps, Cam 194
4. argyreus (Sinith) 194
6. erytbrogaster. Cam. . . 195
6. rufo-niger, Bingk 195
SlSTEMATia INDEX.
XXIU
Pnge
4. Larra, Latr l^'o
1. elegang, Binyh. ...... 197
2. fusuipennis, Cam 197
3. tisiphone (Smith) .... 198
4. sunintinna, KoM .... 198
5. carbonai'ia (Sniith) . . 198
6. erratica, Bingh 199
7. simillima (Smith) 199
8. maum (Fabr.) 199
9. nana, Bmyh 200
10. rufipes (Smith) 200
11. nigriventria, Ca7n 201
5. Notogonia, Costa ...... 201
1. subtessellata (Smith).. 202
2. deplanata, Kohl 203
3. jaculatrix (Smith) 203
4. laboriosa (Smith) .... 204
5. tristis (Smith) 204
6. Liris, Fab>- 205
1. aurata (Fabr.) 206
2. nigripennis, Cam 206
3. ducalis (Smith) 207
4. h8emoi'rboidalis( Fair.) 207
7. Pai-aliris, Eohl 208
1. iaceta, Bingh 208
8. Lyroda, 208
1. formosa (Smith) 209
2. venusta, Binyh 210
9. Piagetia, iiiils 210
1. nificoi'uis, Cam 21 1
2. fasciatipennis, Cavi. . . 211
10. Lianthrena, Bimjh 212
1. kohlii, Binyh 213
11. Pakrus, Latr 213
1. orientalis, Kohl 214
12. Miscophus, Jurine 215
1. rothneyi, Bingh 216
13. Gastrosericus, S^nn 216
1. rothneyi, Cam 216
2. wroughtoni, Cavi 217
14. Pison, Spin 217
1. rugosnm, Smith 218
2. suspiciosum, Smith . . 219
3. punctifrons, Shuck. . . 219
4. argentatum (Shtick.). . 220
5. striolatum, Cam 220
6. kohlii, Bingh 220
7. erythropus, Kohl .... 221
8. rothneyi, Cam 221
9. agile (Smith) 222
10. obliteratum (S7,iith) . . 222
15. Trypoxylon, Lair 222
1. pileatuin, Smith 224
2. intrudcns, Smith .... 224
3. canalicidatum, Cam. . . 226
4. buddha, Cam 226
Page
5. coloraium, Smith .... 226 G, obsonator, Smith .... 226
7. rejector, Smith 226
8. bicolor, Smith 227
9. gracilescens, Smith . . 227
16. Anmiophila, A'iVAi/ 228
1. atripes, Smith 229
2. humbertiaua, Sauss. . . 230
3. dimidiata. Smith 230
4. basalis. Smith 231
5. vagabunda, Smith .... 231
6. nigripes, kmith 231
7. Isevigata, Smith 231
8. elegans, Smith 232
9. smithii, Baly 232
10. brevipennis, Binyh. . . 232
11. punctata, Smith 233
12. fuscipennis, Smith . . 233
13. lasta, 234
14. hirticeps. Cam 234
16. apicata, Bingh 234
16. mandibulata, Kirby . . 234
17. erythrocephala (Fabr.) 235
17. Scelipbron, Khig 235
1. intrudens (Smith) .... 236
2. spinolffl (Lepel.) 237
3. madi-aspatanum (Fabr.) 237
4. eoromandelicum(Zepe/.)238 6. solieri (Lepel.) 238
6. bilineatiim (Smith) . . 238
7. javanum (Lepel.) .... 239
8. t'ormosum (Smitfi) .... 239
9. violaceum (Fabr.) . . 240
18. Sphex, Linn. . 241
1. lobatus, Fabr 242
2. regalia (Smith) 243
3. splendidus (2^ff6r.). . . . 243
4. fulvo-hirtua, Binyh. . . 244
5. nivosus (Smith) 244
6. fegyptiua, Lepel 245
7. vicinua, Lepel 245
8. xanthopterus, Cajn. . . 246
9. moroaus, Smith 246
10. maurus, Smith 247
11. aurifrona, S)7iith .... 247
12. luteipennis, Mocs 247
13. nigiipea. Smith 248
14. maia, Binyh 249
16. nigellus, Smith 249
16. umbrosua, Christ .... 250
17. aurulentiis, Fabr 250
18. edax, Binyh 251
19. viduatus, Chi-ist 252
19. Ampulex, Jurine 253
1. compresaa (Fabi:) .... 264
2. constancea) (Cam,.) . . 256
xxiv
SYSTEMATIC INDEX.
3. ruficornis (Cam.) . . .
4. novnras, Smis.'i
5. latifrous, Ko/il
6. cngnata, Kohl
7. sikliimensis [Kriechb.)
8. crudelis, Binyh
20. Uolicliurus, Latr
1. tnprobnnre, Smith . . .
2. bipunctatus, Bingh. .
21. Trirhogma, Westio
1 . ca3rulea, Westw. . . .
2. prisraatica, Smith . . .
22. Pseu, Latr
1. pulclierrimus, Binyh..
2. orientalis, Cam
3. nifiventi'is, Cam. . . .
4. clavatus, Cam
23. Pemphredon, Latr. . . . 1. fuscipennis, Cam. . . .
24. Stigmiis, Jurine
1. congruus, Walk. . . .
2. niger, Motsch
25. Passalcecus, Shuck
1. levipes, Biiiffh
26. NyasoB, Latr
1. rugosus, Cam
2. erythropoda, Cam. . .
3. basalis, S77iith
27. Helioryctes, Sinith
1. assi'milis, Bim/h
28. Gorytes, Latr.
1. ornatus (Smith)
2. alipes, Bingh
3. amatorius, Smith
4. greeni, Bingh
5. impiger, Bingh
6. politus, Bingh
7. pictus, Smith
29. Stizus, Latr. .
1. vespiformis (Fahr^ . .
2. calopteryx, Handl. . .
3. cornutus (Smith) ....
4. blandinus (Smith)
5. biclipeatus ( Chrid) . .
6. rufescens (Smith) ....
7. melleus (Smith)
8. reversus (Smith) . . . .
9. lateralis, Cam.
10. prismaticus (Smith) . .
11. melanoxanthus (Smith)
30. Bembex, Oliv
1. lunata, Fahr
2. melancliolica, Smith.. .
3. biiddha, Handl
4. sulphurescens, Dahlb. . .
Poge
255 256 256 257 257 258 259 260 200 260 261 262 262 26;} 263 264 264 . 265 , 265 , 206 . 266 . 267 . 267 . 268 . 268 . 269 . 269 . 269 . 270 . 271 . 271 . 272 . 273 . 273 . 274 . 274 . 275 . 275 . 276 . 277 . 278 . 278 . 279 . 279 . 280 . 280 , . 281 . . 281 282 283 284 285 286 287 287
PaRe
5. trepanda, Dahlb 288
6. orientalis, Handl 289
7. borrei, Handl 289
8. latitarsus, Handl 289
9. pinguis, Handl 290
10. lossoria. Smith 290
11. indica, Handl 291
12. besione, Bingh 291
13. taschenbergi'i, Handl. . 292
14. ovan-s, Bingh 292
15. westonii, Bingh 293
31. Philantbus, Fabr 293
1. nigriceps, Bingh 295
2. depredator, Smith 295
3. basalis, Smith 296
4. ordinarius, Bingh 296
5. avidiis, Bingh 297
6. elegans, Smith 297
7. sulpbureus, S7nith .... 298
8. concinnus, Bingh 298
9. pulcberrimus, Smith. . 299
32. Oerceris, Latr 299
1. albopicta, Smith .... 301
2. rotbneyi, (-0711 302
3. orientalis, Smith .... 302
4. bumbertiana, Sauss. . . 303
5. dentata, Cam 303
6. tetradonta, Cam 304
7. sulpburea, Cam 805
8. pictiveutris, J)ahlb. . . 30.5
9. flavopicta, Smith 306
10. wrougbtoni, Catn 306
11. instabilis, S77iith 307
12. pulcbra, Cam 308
13. visbnu, Cam 308
14. vigilans, Smith 308
15. tristis, Cam 309
16. ferox, Smith 309
17. mastogaster, Smith . . 310
18. unifasciata, Smith 310
19. nebulosa, Cam 311
20. bilaris, Smith 311
21. bifasoiata, Gtwr 312
22. elizabethae, Bijigh. . . 312
23. pentadonta, Cajn 312
24. kirbyi, Bi7igh 313
33. O.vybelus, Latr. 314
1. squainosus, Snuth .... olo
2. robustus, Cam 315
3. sabulosus, Smith 31b
4. agilis, Smith 31b
5. tridentatus, S7n{th 317
6. nanus, Bingh 317
7. ruficornis, S77i{th .... 317
8. SBBtuosus, Bitigh 318
SYSTEMATIC INDEX.
XXV
PnRB
9. insularis, Kohl 318
10. flnvipes, Cam 319
1 1. fulvopilosus, Cam 319
12. canescens, Cam 320
13. lewisi, Cam 320
34. Crabro, Fabr 321
1. opifex, Bingh 323
2. brooliii, Bingh 323
3. biiddha, Com 323
4. orientalis, Cam 324
5. flavopictus, Smith .... 324
6. odontophorus, Cam. . , 325
7. ardens, Cam 325
8. sodalis, Bivgh 326
9. insignis, Smith 326
10. spinifroDS, Bingh 327
11. auricomus, Bingh 327
12. quadriceps, Bingh. . . 327
13. argentatus (Zepel.) . . 328
14. bellus {Cam.) 328
15. palitans, Bingh 329
16. fuscipennis, Zepel 329
17. nanus, Cam 330
18. nitidus [Cam.) 330
Tribe Diploptera 331
Fam. 1. ETJMENiD.a; 331
1. Zethus, Fabr 332
1. ceylonicus, Saicss 333
2. dolosus, Bingh 333
2. Eumenes, Zatr 333
1. quadrispinosa, Sanss. . . 336
2. depressa, Sauss 337
3. bievirostrata, Saiiss. . . 337
4. Indiana, Sauss 338
0. humbertiana, Sauss. . . 338
6. architectus, Smith .... 339
7. punctata, Sauss 339
8. alEnissima, Sauss 340
9. circinalis, Fabr 340
10. xanthura, Sauss 341
11. petiolata, Fabr 341
12. dimidiatipennis, Sauss.. 342
13. esuriens, Fabr 342
14. gracilis, Sams 343
15. conica, Fabr 343
16. elegans, Sauss 344
17. edwardsii, Sauss 344
18. flavopicta, Blanch 345
19. arcuata (Fabr.) 346
20. blancLardi, Sauss 347
21. curvata, Sauss 347
22. lenis, Bingh 347
23. exigua, Sauss 348
TOL. I.
Pftge
8. Labus, Sauss 348
1. humbertianus, AxMSS. . . 349
4. Moutezumia, Sauss 349
1. indica, Sauss 350
2. burmanica, Bingh 350
3. impavida, Bingh 351
5. Rhyncniiim, Spin 351
1. erythropus, Bingh 363
2. moUeri, Bingh 354
3. cupreipenne, Bingh. . . 354
4. heemorrhoidale {Fabr.). 354 6. atrum, Sauss 355
6. bninneum (Fabr.) .... 355
7. mellyi, Sauss 356
8. abdominale (/%.) . . 357
9. nitidulum (Fabr.) 357
10. metallicum, Sauss 358
11. argentatum (Fabr.) . . 358
12. bengalense, Sauss 359
13. flavomarginatum,'S'OTrt/t 359
14. flavolineatiim. Smith . , 360
6. Odynerus, Zatr 360
1. sikhimensis, Bingh. . . 363
2. sichelii, Sauss 363
3. aniadanensis, Sauss. . . 364
4. ornatus (Smith) 364
5. punctum (Fabr.) .... 365
6. punctatipennis, Sauss. . 365
7. miniatus, Sauss 366
8. diffinis, Sauss 366
9. fratemus, Bingh 366
10. confluentus, Smith .... 367
11. fragilis. Smith 367
12. multipictus, Smith .... 368
13. ceylonicus, Sams 368
14. bipustulatus, Sauss. . . 369
15. ovalis, Saiiss 369
16. guttatus (Smith) 370
17. Sstulosus, Sauss 370
18. humbertianus, Sauss. . . 371
19. burmanicus, Bingh. . . 371
20. icarioides, Bingh 372
21. tinctipennis, WalJc. . . 372
22. intendens, Walk 373
7. Pterochilus, King 373
1. pulchellus. Smith .... 374
8. Alastor, Zepel. 374
1. variolosus, Bingh 376
Fam. 2. Vespidje 376
1. Iscbnogaster, Guer 376
1. micans, Sauss 378
2. fraterna, Bingh 378
3. scitula, Bingh 379
4. mfomaculata, Bingh. . . 379
e
xxvi
SYSTEMATIC IND15X.
Page
5. nigrifrons, Smith .... 379
6. nilidipennis, Saxiss. . . 380
7. eximia, Bmr/h 380
2. Belonognster, Sauss 381
1. iudica {Sauss.) 382
3. Polybia, Lepel 382
1. orientalis, Sauss 383
2. stigma, Smith 384
3. iudica, Sauss 384
4. sumatrensia, Sauss. . . 385
4. Icaria, Sauss 385
1. guttatipennis, Sauss. . . 387
2. feiTUginea (Fabr.) 387
3. inargiuata (Ze/Je/.) 388
4. variegata {Smith) .... 388
5. artifex, Sauss 389
6. aumati-Ee ( Weber) 389
7. speciosa, Sauss 390
8. ungulata, Bingh 391
9. aristocratica, Sauss. . . 391
10. aberrans, Grib 391
11 scitula, Bingh 392
12. formosa, Sauss 392
6. Paraicaria, Grib 392
1. bicolor, Grib 392
6. Polistes, Xfl!(!r 393
1. schach {Fabr.) 394
2. sulcatus, Smith 395
3. hoplites, Sauss 395
4. Sagittarius, Sauss 395
5. stigma (Fabr.) 396
6. maculipenuis, Sauss. . . 396
7. assamensis, Bingh. . . 397
8. adustus, Bingh 397
9. hebreeus {Fabr.) 398
7. Vespa, Linn 399
1. dorylloides, Sauss 40U
2. magnifica, Smith 401
3. ducalis, -Sm^^/i 401
4. cincta, Fabr 402
5. orientalis, Linn 4Ud
6. basalis, SmUh 403
7 .Ucolov, Fabr 404
8. structor, Smith 404
9. yelutina, Lepel 405
10. analis, Fabr 405
11. flaviceps, Smith 40b
12. -vivax, Smith 4Ub
13. avu-aria, Smith
Tribe Anthophila 408
Fam. 1. CoLLKTiDiE 408
1 . OoUetes, Latr.
Page
Prosopis, Fabr 409
1. mixta, Smith 410
2. strenua, Cam 411
3. mustela, Vachal 411
4. feai, Vachal 411
5. fei'vida, Smith 412
6. scutula, Vachal 412
7. absoliita, Cam 412
8. bellicosa. Cam 413
9. monilicornis {Motsch.) . 413
Fam. 2. Apid.^ 414
1. dudgeonii, Bingh,
408 409
1. Spbecodes, Latr
1. apicatus, Smith
2. fumipennis, Smith ....
3. albifrons, Smith
4. montanus, Smith . . . .
5. crassicornis, Smith. . . .
6. ii'idipennis, Smith . . . .
7. rubripes, S^pm
2. Halictus, Latr
1. splendidulus, Vachal. .
2. albe.scens, Smith . . . .
3. tristis, Vachal
4. semiserinus, Vachal . .
5. Catullus, Vachal
6. tardus, Ca7)i
7. dasygaster, Vachal . .
8. alphenus, Cam
9. grandiceps, Cam. ...
10. vaclialii, Bijigh
11. disciu'sus, Ca?;j
12. pulchriventris, Cam. . ,
13. proteus, Vachal
14. subopacus. Smith ...
15. taprobanos, Ca)?i. . . .
16. lucidiusculus, Vachal
17. agrestis. Smith
18. timidus, Smith
19. gutturosus, Vachal .
20. propinquus. Smith . . .
21. verualis, Smith
22. buccinus, Vachal . . .
23. vicinus, Vachal
24. spodiozonius, Vachal.
25. camerouii, Bingh. . . ,
26. xanthognatlius, Smith
27. -wrouglitoni, Ca?«. . . .
28. invidus, Cam
29. feai, Vachal
30. fimbriatus, Smith . . .
31. garrulus, Cam.
32. constrictus, Smith . . .
416 416 417 417 418 418 418 419 419 423 423 424 424 424 425 425 426 426 426 427 427 428 428 , 428 . 429 . 429 . 429 . 430 . 430 . 430 . 431 . 431 . 431 . 432 . 432 . 432 . 433 . 433 . 433 . 434 . 434
SySTEMATIO INDEX.
xxvii
Page
33. fim'briatellus, Vachal. . 434
34. ducalis, Bingh 435
35. lucidipennis, Smith . . 435
36. rugolatus, Smith .... 436
37. cuniciilus, Vachal .... 430
38. funebris, Cam 436
39. ciris, Cam 436
40. vislinu, Catn 437
41. salutator, Cain 437
42. buddha, Cain 437
43. intricatus, Vachal .... 438
44. reticulatus, Vachal . . 438
45. senescens, Smith .... 438
46. xystonotus, Vachal . . 439
47. amitinus, Vachal .... 439
48. riifo-zonatiis, Vachal . . 439
49. liodomus, Vachal .... 440
50. dissimulandus, Cain. . . 440 61. serenus, Cam 440
3. Andrena, Fabr 440
1. torrida, Smith 442
2. rothneyi, Cam 443
3. communis, Smith .... 443
4. mephistophelica, Cam. . 443
5. gi'acillima, Cam 444
6. anonyma, Cam 444
7. floridida, Smith 444
8. phsedra, Cam 444
9. sacrissima, Cam 445
10. morosa, Cam 445
11. reticulata, Cam 445
12. mollis, Smith 446
13. han-ietse, Hingh 446
4. Nomia, Latr 447
1. elliotii, Sinith 449
2. westwoodii, Grib 449
3. chalybeata, Smith .... 450
4. curvipes, Fabr 450
5. thoracica, Smith 451
6. formosa. Smith 451
7. iridescens, Smith .... 452
8. albofasciata. Smith . . 452
9. carinata, Smith 453
10. basalis, S/nith 453
11. floralis, Smith 453
12. pilipes, Smith 454
13. antennata, Smith .... 454
14. auriirons. Smith 455
15. capitata, Smith 455
16. combusta, Smith .... 456
17. clypeata, Smith 466
18. fervida, Smith 456
19. oxybeloides, Smith . . 457
20. rustica, Westw 457
21. vincta, Walker 468
22. scutellata, Sinith .... 458
Page
23. aurata, Binr/h 458
24. terminata, Smith .... 469
25. fuscipennis, Smith .... 469 6. Steganomus, Bits 460
1. nodicoi'nis, Smith .... 460
6. Ctenoplectra, Smith .... 461
1. apicalis, Smith 462
2. chalybea, Smith 462
3. cornuta, Grib 462
7. Nomada, Scop 463
1. decorata. Smith 464
2. solitaria, Smith 464
3. lusca, Smith 4()5
4. adusta, Smith 465
8. Systropha, Klur/ 466
1. diftbrmis, Smith 466
9. Thaumatosoma, Smith . . 467 1. burmanicum, Bingh. . . 467
10. Osmia, Panz 468
1. ad£e, Bingh 468
11. Litburgus, Latr 469
1. atratus, Smith 469
2. dentipes, Smith 470
12. Megachile, Latr 470
1. anthracina, Smith .... 473
2. elizabethse, Bingh 474
3. carbonaria, Smith .... 474
4. semivestita {Smith) . . 474
5. tuberculata. Smith . . 475
6. atrata, Smith 475
7. heteroptera, Sich 475
8. ardens. Smith 475
9. bellula, Bingh 476
10. stulta, Bingh 476
11. fulvovestita, Smith . . 477
12. bicolor {Fabr.) 477
13. fratema, Smith 478
14. quartinse, Grib 478
15. mystacea {Fabr.) .... 479
16. conjuncta. Smith .... 479
17. disjuncta {Fabr.) 480
18. relata, Smith 480
19. monticola, Smith .... 480
20. badia, Bingh 481
21. bhavanse, Bingh 481
22. dimidiata, Stnith 482
23. velutina, Smith 482
24. ceylonica, Bingh 482
25. lanata {Fabr.) 483
26. uinbripennis, Smith . . 483
27. amputata, Smith .... 484
28. penetrata, Smith .... 484
29. buddbaj, Ball. Ton: . . 484
30. vestita, Smith 48
31. cephalotes, Stnith .... 485
32. faceta, Bingh 486
xxviii
SYSTEMATIC INDEX.
33. griaeopicta, iiflf/oss/c. . . 48U
34. pulchripes, Cam 486
35. nana, Binyh 487
36. albilrons, Smith 487
87. feraoratn, Smith 488
38. vigilan.s, Smith 488
39. hera, Binrjh 489
40. chlorigaster, Cam 489
41. tricincta, Bim/h 489
42. moelleri, Bin'yh 490
43. steloides, Biiiyh 490
13. Anthidium, Fubr 490
1. lachrymosum, Smith. . 492
2. flavomacLilatum, Cam. . 492
3. pulchelluui, Eiuff 493
4. imitator, Smith 493
5. avdens, Smith 494
6. ordinal mil, Smith .... 494
7. laxipes, Bint/h 495
8. fraternum, Bin(ih 496
9. orientale, Bingh 496
10. rasorium. Smith 496
14. Stelis, Pans 496
1. parvula, Cam 497
2. cornuta, Bingh 497
15. Parevaspis, Ritsema .... 498
1. abdominalis (Smith) . . 499
2. carbonaria (iSmtWi) 499
16. Ceratina, ioi!)- 499
1. viridissima, Dall. Torr. 601
2. propinqua, Cam. • • • • 501
3. sexmaculata, Smith . . 501
4. taprobanse. Cam 502
5. picta, Smith 502
6. perforatrix. Smith _ 502
7. bieroglyphica, A/iiiA. . 503
8. moderata, Cam 504
9. beata, Cam 504
10. lepida, Smith 505
11. simillima, Smith 505
17. Allodape, Lepel 605
1. cupulifera, Vachal 506
2. marginata, Smith .... 507
3. parvula, Smith 507
18. Heriades, Spin 507
1. aureocincta, Bingh. . . 508
2. parvula, Bingh. 608
19. Coelioxys, Latr 508
1. decipiens. Spin 510
2. fuscipennis. Smith .... 511
3. angulatus, Smith 511
4. ducalis, 6W</j 512
5. tninutus, Smith 612
6. capitatus, Smith 512
7. basalis. Smith 513
8. sexmaculatus, Cam. . . 513
0. cuneatus, Smith 614
10. confuBus, Smith 514
11. argentifrons. Smith . . 615
20. Melecta, Lair 516
1. hinialayana, Bingh. . . 516
21. Crocisa, Jurine 616
1. emarginata, Lepel 517
2. histrio (Fabr.) 618
3. raraosa, Lepel 6J8
4. luinuta, Had. 619
5. massurii, Rad 519
22. Teti'alonia, Spin 520
1. duvaucelii, Lepel 620
2. binialayeiisis, ^w^/Zi.. . 621
23. Habropoda, Smith 521
1. radoszkowskii [Dall.
Ton:) 622
2. niagrettii, Bingh 623
3. moelleri, Bingh 623
24. Antliopliora, Latr 623
1. bicincta (Fabr.) 625
2. crocea, Bingh 626
3. cingulata (Fabr.) ... 526
4. zonata (Linn.) 527
6. niveo-cincta, Smith . . 627
6. cont'usa, Smith 528
7. fallax. Smith 528
8. insularis. Smith 529
9. quadrifaseiata ( Fillers) 629
10. fraterna, Bingh 529
11. fimbriata, Smith 530
12. Candida, Smith 631
13. violacea, Lepel. 631
14. brooliige, Bingh 532
15. hinialayensis, Rad. . . 532
16. pulcherrima, Bingh. . . 632
25. Xylocopa, Latr 5.33
1. latipes (Brury) 536
2. tenuiscapa, Westio. . . 637
3. acutipennis. Smith .... 637
4. pictifrons. Smith .... 538 6. auripennis, Lepel 538
6. dissimilis, Lepel 538
7. nigrocserulea. Smith . . 639
8. fenestrata (Fabr.) 539
9. ametbystina, Fabr. . . 640
10. iridipennis, Lepel. .... 640
11. ffistuaus (Linn.) 640
12. verticalis, Lepel 641
13. bryoi-um (2''aA)-.) 541
14. basalis, Smith 642
15. albofasciata, Sich 542
16. collari,s, Lepel. 543
17. rufescens. Smith 643
18. cajrulea (Fabr.) ...... 544
19. flavunigresceus, Smith . 644
SYSTEMATIC INDEX.
xxix
Page
26. Bombus, Latr 544
1. rufofascintus, Smith . . 547
2. montivagus, Smith. . . . 647
3. magrettii, Grib 548
4. clinnnicus, Grib 548
5. trifasciatus, Smith .... 548
6. personatus, Smith .... 548
7. tunicatus, Smith 54f)
8. eximius, Smith 549
9. flavescens, Smith .... 550
10. melanurus, Lepel. .... 550
11. assamensis, Bingh 550
li'. andamanus, Gr'ib 551
13. atroclnctus, Smith .... 551
14. funerarius, Smith 551
16. terminalis, Smith .... 552
16. flavothoracicus, Bingh . 652
17. festivus, Smith 553
18. miniatus, Bingh 553
19. vallestris, Smith 553
20. hsemorrhoidalis, Smith. 654
21. simiUimus, Smith .... 554
Page
22. orientalis, Swiil/t 555
23. longiceps, Smith .... 655
27. Psithyrus, Lepel 555
1. bellardii, Grib 656
28. Apis, Linn 566
1. dorsata, Jafir 567
2. indica, Fabr 568
3. florea, Fabr 659
29. Melipona, Illig 559
1. vidua, Lepel. 661
2. ati-ipes (Smith) 561
3. coUina {SmUh) 662
4. apicalis (Smith) 562
6. canifrons (Smith) .... 562
7. ventialis (Smith) 562
8. IsBviceps (Smith) 563
8. smitbii, Bingh 663
9. iridipennis (Smith) . . 663
10. preeterita ( Walk.) 664
11. liitea, Bingh 564
12. thoracica (Smith) 664
TOL. I.
Tribe FOSSORES.
Family MUTILLID^.
The insects belonging to this family have been called " Solitary Ants " With the true ants, however, they have no very close affinity, but belong to the Fossores. The sexes, c? and ? , are solitary ; there are no neuters. The d is wmged ; the pronotum is produced back at its lateral angles to the base of the wings ; the fore wing has at least one closed cubital cell ; the 1st discoidal cell is always shorter than the 1st submedial cell, and the apex of the abdomen is armed with one or more spines or blunt teeth. The 5 is apterous, has the legs stout, fitted for digging ; the tibiaj spinose, the tarsi cdiated, the basal joint of the latter cylin- drical and not pubescent on the inside.
Key to the Genera.
a. Abdomen in 2 and d with deep con-
strictions between 1st and 2nd, and 2nd
and 3rd segments 1- Aptehogyna, p. 1.
b. Abdomen in 5 and d with no such con-
striction, or if constricted the constric- tion only between the Ist and 2nd segments 2. Mutili.a, p. 2.
Genus APTEROGYNA.
Scolia, part., Fabr. Ent. Syst. ii, p. 228 (1793). Apterogyna, Lair. Gen. Crust. Ins. iv, p. 121 (1809).
Type, A. olivieri, Latr. Range. India and Africa.
Fig. 1. — Apterogyna mutilloidcs, cJ.
Characters mostly those of Mutilla. Antennae setaceous, nearly as long as the head and body united ; scape elongate ; mandibles arched, subdentate ; abdomen with the 1st and 2nd segments
vox.. I. B
nodiform ; ocelli ( rT ) prominent, placed in a triangle on vertex ; wings (cJ) moderately broad, fore wing with the cells much reduced, well removed from the apical margin, only one cubital cell ; anal segment of abdomen in d with an up-curved spine.
1 Apterogyna mutilloides, Smith, Cat. iii, p. 64, $ d ; Cam. Mem. Munch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) v, 1892, p. 137. 9 Head, thorax, and abdomen very coarsely punctured, the punctures running into longitudinal coarse striae on the posterior portion of the pronotum and on the abdomen. Black, the antenna) the vertex and front of the head, the occiput, thorax, and 1st abdominal segment red; the legs obscurely dark chestnut- red ; the whole head, thorax, and abdomen covered with glistening
silvery white hairs. , . , u 4. 4-i i, i
d " Similar in colour, with simdar pubescence, but the head
nearly black ; the antennse longer, more filiform, and darker ; the
pubescence on the apical segments of the abdomen more dense ;
wings hyaline, lightly fuscous, with a brownish tint^
Bah "India (Smith) ; Allahabad, North-West Provinces. $ .
Length 17 mm. d • Length 12 ; exp. 22 mm.
Genus MUTILLA.
Mutilla, Linn. Syst. Nat. i, p. 966 (1767) Tiphia, pt., Rossi, Faun. Mrusc. u, p. fa8 (1/JU}.
Type, M. ewopma. Linn. lianye. Both hemispheres.
5 °
pig_ 2. — Mutilla internipta. |.
Q Head orbicular, sometimes subquadrate; eyes generally small and round; ocelli absent; antennae subhhform, rarely se aceous, inserted low down just above the very short clypeus, Sir base's moderately wide apart; clypeus generally small ; man- dib es unidentate as a rule ; thorax more or less rectangular, or taclrate sometimes oval, occasionally much narrowed and com- pressed anteriorly or posteriorly; legs short, robust, spinose; Emen ovate, 1st segment subpyriform, occasionally narrowed and Solate, urnisbed beneath with a carina, which is occa- rLCb^it^ery rarely, absent; anal segment with an elongate acute sting often exserted.
MTJTIIiliA.
3
■ c? ■ Head t.ransverse, compressed, soinetimes orbicular or sub- triangular : eyes generally more or less emargiuate on the inside, in some species ovate or" round ; ocelli three, placed in a triangle on the vertex ; mandibles arcuate, generally tridentate at apex ; thorax short, massive ; tegulas usually large, sometimes remarkably so. AVings broad and ample, the fore wing with three, in some species olaly two, cubital cells ; the 2nd and 3rd each receive a recurrent nervure ; when only two cubital cells are present, the 2ud recurrent nervure is olDsolete. Legs long and pubescent. Abdomen ovate, generally strongly curved downwards towards apex, the apex armed with blunt teeth or spines; the Ist segment sometimes petiolate.
Key to the Species. Females *.
A. Head Uack ; thorax red.
a. Second abdominal segment with two spots, the spots lateral. a'. The spots of yellow or golden pubes- cence.
a-. Apical margin of 2nd abdominal seg- ment with a transverse fascia of yellow or golden pubescence. a?. First abdominal segment black, with a. semilunar spot of yellow
pubescence M. maximina, p. 10.
¥. First abdominal segment entirely black.
a*. Anal segment rufo-ferruginous. a^. Lateral spots on 2nd abdomi- nal segment small ; marginal
fascia very narrow M. pulchrinella, p. 10.
b^. Lateral spots on 2nd abdomi- nal segment large ; marginal
fascia broad M. ninnii, p. 11.
6*. Anal segment black.
a^. Transverse band on 2nd and 3rd segments broadly interrupted
in the middle M.fets, p. 11.
6'. Transverse band on 2nd and 3rd
segments entire M. lillijnitiana, p. 11.
i2. Apical margin of 2nd abdominal seg- ment vyitbout a transverse fascia. a^. Fourth abdominal segment with a transverse fascia of yellow or golden pubescence.
a*. Head with golden pubescence . . M. pulchriceps, p. 12. ¥. Head without golden pubescence. a°. Thorax posteriorly armed with
two teeth M. tridungulata, p. 11.
¥. Th.orax not so armed M. soror, p. 12.
b'. Fourth abdominal segment without [p. 12.
a transverse fascia M. pectino-spinata,
In many species only one sex is known.
B 2
iroaMLLIDjB.
The spots of white pubescence. d\ Apical margin ot Ist abdominal seg- ment ciliated with yellow pubes-
cence niveosignata, p. Vi.
i'-'. Apical marmn of 1st abdominal seg- ment not ciliated with yellow pubes- cence ; segment entirely black, •a-'. Third abdominal segment with an entire transverse pubescent white
band on apical margin M. dimidiata, p. l^i.
i^. Third abdominal segment with a transverse pubescent white band on apical margin broadly inter- rupted in the middle. «'. Fourth abdominal segment with- out a distinct band or elongate _
spots on either side . M. vicimssima, p. Id.
6'. Fourth abdominal segment with a distinct medially interrupted band on its apical margin.
aK Length under 7 mm M. ruficrus, p. 14.
J'. Length over 10 mm. ■a". Posterior margin of thorax truncate, the pimctures on the truncation running into
si-cxrR M. intemipta, p. 14.
•5^ Posterior margin of thorax truncate, the punctures on the truncation nut running
intostriai M. suhntrans,^.\b.
c^. Third abdominal segment with a lateral more or less circular or oblong spot. The lateral spot at base of the
segment colabenm, p. 15.
A'. The lateral spot in the middle on either side or past the middle, close to the margin of the seg- ment.
«». A lateral spot on the 4th seg-
a\ Legs red ceylanensis, p. 15.
b^. Legs black.
a". Antenuffi black M. aultca, p. lo.
b\ Antenna3 feiTuginous M. he.raops, p 16.
b\ No spot on the 4th segment . . M. valtda, p. 16. ^3. Third segment entirely black, im-
maculate M . p. 16.
Second abdominal segment with two spots, the spots medial, one above the other. ,,
a'. The spots golden ^- P- 1' •
v. The spots silvery white. a^. Third abdominal segment with silvery pubescence.
Thorax rounded posteriorly. i, ■, 17
Head black ^''"'f '^''i'^^; 17
b*. Head silvery M. comtancece, p. 17.
MUTILLA.
6'. Thorax transverse or truncate posteriorly. a^. First abdominal segment with a transverse band of silvery pubes-
cence at apex M.pondicherensis,^'. 18.
b*. First abdominal segment without any transverse band, a'. Apical nrnrgin of 2nd with a
transverse silvery band in ■ iq
addition to the spots M. nifUnrsis, p. i».
b^. Apical margin of 2nd without
a transverse band _ M. aurffci, ^. IS.
b-. Third abdominal segment without
any silvery pubescence M. subylubra, p. 19.
Second abdominal segment with a single
spot of golden or silvery pubescence, a'. Spot golden yellow.
a'-. First abdominal segment with a transverse band or fimbria of yellow pubescence on its apical margin. a". Ventral carina on 1st abdominal
segment emarginate • • M. c.ovjungenda, p. 19.
6'. Ventral carina on 1st abdominal
segment dentate M. Uvhyii, p. 20.
i^. First abdominal segment without a transverse band or iimbria of yellow pubescence on its apical margin. a'. Second abdominal segment with a transverse band of yellow pubes- cence on its apical margin in
addition to the spot M. tenasserimiea, p. 20.
A'. Second abdominal segment with- out a transverse baud of yellow
pubescence on its apex M. buddha, p. 21.
h'. Spot silvery white.
a-. First abdominal segment ciliated with
white hairs M. coronata,^.21.
b^. First abdominal segment not ciliated with white hairs. a^. Second abdominal segment with a transverse band of white pubescence on its apical margin,
in addition to the spot M. decora, p. 21.
b^. Second abdominal segment with
no transverse pubescent band . . M. trimaculata, p. 22. I. Second abdominal segment with three spots of golden or silvery pubescence. a'. One spot at base, two on the margin.
cr. Vertex of head with a spot of white [p. 22.
pubescence M. argejiieomaculata,
6^ Vertex without any such spot ... . . M. kohli, p. 23.
v. All three spots on the margin M. cotesi, p. 23.
c. All three spots near base '. M. nobilis, p. 24.
s. Second abdominal segment immaculate. a!. First abdominal segment with one spot near base, and a transverse band of yellow pubescence on its apical margin. M. laminella, p. 24.
MUTILLIB.T.
b'. First abdomiual segment without spot
or baud M. camope, p. 24.
c'. First abdominal segment witli 4 spots . . M. sex -macu lata, p. lo. f. Second abdomiual segment with a trans- verse fascia on its apical margin. a'. The fascia of golden or fulvous pubes- cence.
a-. Apex of the thorax trimcate M. agnata, p. 25.
b-. Apex of the thorax bluntly rounded M. insulans, p. 25.
C-. Apex of the thorax angular M. serrcdula, p. 26.
b'. The fascia of white pubescence M. dissimulanda, p. 20.
B. Head black variegated with red or ferru- ginous ; thorax red.
a. Second abdominal segment with three
pubescent white spots M. rollmeyi, p. 27.
b. Second abdomiual segment with four
pubescent white spots or marks. a'. Three of the spots in a triangle above,
the 4th medially on the apical margin. M. pandora, p. 2.1. b'. One spot on each side near base, two ■on the apical margin, a-. Posterior lateral angles of tbe thorax
produced backwards M. kanthell(B, p.
P. Posterior lateral angles of the thorax _
rounded M. maeuliceps,^.^^.
c. Second abdominal segment with two pu-
bescent white spots or marks, one at base round, the other on apical margin semi- circular M. mgnffetia, ^-
d. Second abdominal segment with no spots,
but a fascia on its apical margin of white
pubescence M. retiMa,.^.
e. Second abdominal segment with one spot of
white pubescence. a'. Third abdominal segment with a spot of
white pubescence ^- ocellata, p. 29
b' Third abdominal segment with a broad , , . "
fascia of silvery pubescence M. maculo-fasctata,
C Head and thorax both black.
Second abdominal segment black, with a medial spot of golden pubescence ...... M. variegata, p. dO.
b Second abdominal segment black, with a _
lunate mark of silvery pubescence ...... M.funerana, p. 30.
c. Second abdominal segment black, with a medial round spot near base, and a broad transverse band of yellowish-white pubes- _
cence • ^- P- ^O-
Second abdominal segment not spotted,
but otherwise coloured, a' Abdominal segments 1-5 covered vnt\\ _
■ golden pubescence ; 6th segment black. M. semtaurata, p. .51. y First and second segments and basal margin of third with transverse bauds of golden pubescence M. reimta, p. 31.
MUTIIiLA.
7
D. Head and thorax red.
a. Second abdominal segment with a spot ot
o-oldeu pubescence on ouch side. a'.°With a transverse band of pubescence
on its apical margin also. . , 01
a- The band "-oldeu yellow in colour . . M. eicatrificera, p. 61.
A-.' The band yellowish white M. aurifrmis, p. 32.
b'. Without a transverse band of pubescence on its apical margin. ffl=. Third abdominal segment with a spot on each side.
a^. The spots of golden pubescence . . M. diversa, p. rfz. 63. The spots of silvery pubescence . . M. dives, p. 32. b- Third abdominal segment with a
single medial spot M. chrysopMkalma,
c^. Third abdominal segment with a trans- LP- verse band of golden pubescence, or covered wholly with it.
a3. Pygidium striate M. nudiceps, p. 33.
63. Pygidium punctate M. enjthrocer a, ^.33.
b. Second abdominal segment with two medial
silvery spots, one above the other . M. regia, p. 34.
c. Second abdominal segment with a silvery
white spot on each side M. cestuans, p. 34.
d. Second abdominal segment without spots,
but with a transverse band of golden or sUvery pubescence. a'. Band of golden pubescence.
a-. At base only AT- aurifex, p. 34.
b-. At both base and apex M. hiimbertiana, p. 35.
c^. At apex only.
a'. Thorax with a conical projection or tooth on each side, a*. Abdomen petiolate.
a^. First abdominal segment with
a transverse fascia at apex . . M. placida, t). 36. 6°. First abdominal segment with- out a transverse fascia at apex. M. mcreorubra, p. 35.
5'. Abdomen not petiolate M. trichocoridyla, p. 36,
£3. Thorax with no lateral conical pro- jection or tooth. a*. Thorax anteriorly transverse .... M. bicincta, p. 36. b^. Thorax anteriorly arched, sub- angular M. kauarcB, p. 36.
b'. Band of silvery pubescence.
Third and following abdominal seg- ments also witli transverse bands of
silvery pubescence M. atomus, p. 37.
6^. Third and following abdominal seg- ments black, without bands of silvery pubescence. d^. Basal abdominal segment broadly
brown in the middle M. denticollis, p. 37.
6'. Basal abdominal segment not broadly brown in the midd le —
black M. voroman eltca, p. 37.
8
MUTIXLIDJE.
e. Second abdominal segment with a single spot of goldan yellow or white pubescence. «'. Spot of golden pubescence. a'-. The hrst abdominal segment black, immaculate, a". Thora.v with a lateral conical pro- jection or tooth 31. veda, p. 37.
IP. Thorax without a lateral conical
projection or toolh M. pusilla, p. 38.
b-. First abdominal segment maculate.
Thorax dentate posteriorly, with a
medial spine M. lunar if asciata,
P. Thorax not dentate or spined pos- [p. 38.
teriorly M. puerilis, p. 38.
b'. Spot of silvery pubescence.
Apical margin of 2nd abdominal seg- ment with a transverse band also
of white pubescence M. poonaensis,-^. 2Q.
b-. Apical margin of 2nd abdominal seg- ment with a spot only of white
pubescence M. rujiventris, p. 39.
/. Second abdominal segment with three or more spots of silvery or golden pubescence. a'. The spots silvery, n'. Four spots.
a". Abdomen petiolate M. auropalliata, p. 39.
b^. Abdomen not petiolate M. optima, p. 40.
b": Three spots. [p- 40.
Abdomen blacli M. jndcliriuentns,
b^. Abdomen deep caerulean blue .... M. metaUica, p. 41.
b'. The spots golden M. perelegans, p. 41.
g. Second abdominal segment black, immacu- late M. pulchrina, ■p. a.
E. Head brown ; thorax red or brown, posteriorly red.
n. Thorax red ^- taylori, p. 42.
b. Thorax brown, changing to ferruginous red
posteriorly argentipes, p. 42.
Males.
A. Thorax black.
a. Abdomen more or less red. a . Wings fuscous, paler at the base.
a^ Basal abdominal segment only red . . M. opulenta, p. 42. 6^ Second abdominal segment only red . M. argenteomacMlata, c^ First, second, and third abdominal [p- 22. segments red. u,^. Fourth abdominal segment with an ill-defined silvery transverse pu- bescent fascia M. schlettereri, p. 43.
6'. Fourth abdominal segment with a well-defined golden transverse
pubescent fascia M. stephani, p. 43.
Jr. First to the fourth abdominal seg- ments red.
Length 11-13 mm M. analis, p. 44. •
6^ Length 15-17 mm M. mterrupta, p. 14.
MUTILIiA.
9
e-. Second to the fifth abdominiil seg- ments red.
Front between the antennae with a ■ A^
short spinous process M. mbanalis, p. 41.
4= Front between the antenn£B with-
out a spine M. tornatoret, p. 45.
f- First to the fifth abdominal segments
j.g^ M. inlloseUa,^. Ao.
b'. Wings dark fuscous, with a purple
eftulgence. . a-. Basal two abdominal segments red . . M. unifasctata, p. 46. b-. Base and apical margin of 1st and
base of 2ad abdominal segment red. M.josephi, p. 46. C-. Basal three abdominal segments red.
a\ Length 11-12 mm M. gnbodoi,^. 46.
J3. Length 6 mm handhrschi, p. 4b.
d^. Second to fifthabdominal segments red. a'. Scutellum raised, produced at back into a shai-p conical tubercle.
a\ Length 12 mm emergenda, p. 4/.
fi*. Length over 18 mm.
a\ Head and thorax -with silvery
pubescence M. dimidiata, p. 13.
W. Head and thorax -with black
pubescence M. indostana, p. 47.
63. Scutellum not tuberculate M. emeryi, p. 47.
h. Abdomen entirely black.
a. Head sloping backwards, longitudinally striate.
a?. Basal four abdominal segments with
transverse bands of white pubescence. M. exiloides, p. 48. b-. Basal three abdominal segments with _ [p. 48
transverse bands of white pubescence. M. circumscribmda, b'. Head rounded, not sloping backwards,
punctured M. discreta, p. 48.
B. Thorax red ; abdomen chiefly or whoUy black.
a. Head black.
a'. A transverse band on margin of 2nd aud the whole of the 3rd abdominal seg- ment with white or yellow pubescence.
The pubescence white M. cariana, p. 49.
6=. The pubescence yellow M. conjungenda, p. 19,
b'. Apical margins of basal three segments
with bands of white pubescence .... M. antennata, p. 49.
c'. Apical margins of basal three segments
black M. dilecta, p. 49.
b. Head red.
a'. Basal abdominal segments red, remaining
segments black M. peduncidata, p. 51.
v. Abdomen black, with white pubescent
spots M. roihneyi, p. 27.
c'. Abdomen entirely black M. perversa, p. 60.
cZ'. Abdomen with 3rd and 4th segments covered with golden pubescence. a?. Scutellum with a tooth on each side
posteriorly M. nurifex, p. 34.
b^. Scutellum not dentate M. perdegans, ^. Al.
10 MUTlLLIDiE.
0. Thorax partly blaclc, partly red.
a. Thorax anteriorly red, posteriorly black. a'. IBaaal abdominal segment not petiolate.
a". Abdomen with white pubescence. a". Third and fourth segments with a spot of white pubescence on
either side M. miranda, p. /)0.
l^. Third and fourth segments without
any such spots, plain blaclc M. pruvida, p. 50.
6^ Abdomen with golden pubescence . . M. nobilis, p. 24. b'. Basal abdominal segment much narrowed
and petiolate M. sejiujoidea, p. 60.
b. Thorax anteriorly black, posteriorly red . . M. rufodorsata, p. 51. D. Thorax metallic blue M. yei-buryi, p. 51.
2. Mutilla maximinse, Magr. Ann. Mus. Civ. Gen. (2») xii, 1892,
p. 218,?.
$ . Head in front and the vertex coarsely and deeply punctured ; thorax narrow, subquadrangular, lightly convex, slightly constricted in the middle on the disc, densely and minutely longitudinally striate, very slightly reticulate, the margins undulate, in some places slightly toothed, the lateral angles above somewhat dentate ; the plate of 'the scutellum absent; pleurae smooth and shinuig; the carina on the basal ventral segment absent ; the 2ud segment of the abdomen above densely pubescent, the base of the anal seg- ment rugosely punctate. Black, the thorax, the coxse, and basal half of the femora rufo-ferruginous ; an oval semilunar spot of yellowish pile on the posterior margin of the 1st abdominal seg- ment, two small spots of the same near the anterior margin of the 2nd segment, and a broadly-arched fascia on its posterior margin ; short linear yellowish maculae also on the posterior margins of the 3rd, 4th, and 5th segments ; the anal segment with long sparse grey, and the 2nd segment above with dense black pubescence.
Hah. Karen Hills, Burma. ? . Length 8 mm.
3. Mutilla pulchrinella, Magr. Aim. Mus. Civ. Gen. (2") xii, 1892,
p. 212,$.
9 Head nearly as wide as the thorax, in front rugose, above longitudinally punctate ; thorax in front and in the middle coarsely rugose, posteriorly punctured, the punctures running into wide reticulations; the plate of the scutellum short, broad, shghtly elevated ; the lateral margins of the thorax nearly entire, barely sinuate ; the 1st abdominal segment shining, sparsely punctured, no carina on its ventral side, the 2nd segment broadly smooth and shiuing at base, above lightly punctured with sparse pubes- cence; the whole head, thorax, and abdomen covered sparingly with long grey pubescence. Black, the thorax, the legs (the tibisB and tarsi excepted), the mandibles except at their apex, the scape of the antenna), and the anal segment of the abdomen rufo- ferruginous ; two small, round, widely separated spots on the 2nd
MUTILLA.
11
seffment of the abdomen, a narrow band on its apical margin, and a wider one on the apical margin of the 3rd segment, ot golden- yellow pUe.
Hah. Karen Hills, Burma. ? . Length 5 mm.
4. Miitilla ninnii, Magr. Ann. 3Ius. Civ. Gen. (2») xii, 1892, p. 211, ? .
$ . Head with coarse longitudinal deep striae ; thorax rectangular the s"ides excavated, the dorsum convex, the whole densely and minutely reticulate ; the scutellum without a lamina ; the posterior margin of the thorax slightly emarginate, and with shghtly prominent papilliB ; the 1st segment of the abdomen obsoletely longitudinal y carinate ; head and legs with a sparse silvery pubescence. Black, the thorax, the scape of the antennas, and the anal segmeni; ruto- ferruginous ; the 2nd abdominal segment with two oval distinct macuhs above, its posterior margin with a broad fascia, the 3rd and anal segments with yellowish silky pile ; the antennte and the legs, more especially of the latter, the femora, and tarsi rufo-ferruginous.
Hab, Kareu HiUs, Burma. 5 . Length 6 mm.
5. Mutilla feSB, Mayr. Ann. Mus. Civ. Gen. (2'') xii, 1892, p. 210, $. 5 . Closely allied to M. climidiata, Fabr., but distinguished by
the more minute sculpturing of the thorax, by the 1st ventral segment of the abdomen being distinctly carinated, and by the position of the spots of yellow pile on the 2nd, and of the fasciae on the apical margins of the 2nd and 3rd abdominal segments ; of these fasciffl the 1st is narrow and widely interrupted in the middle, and the 2nd is broad and less widely interrupted. Bab. Bhamo, Upper Burma. $ . Length 11 mm.
6. Mutilla lilliputiana, AndH, Jour. Bomb. N. H. Soc. viii, 1893,
pp. 465, 476, ? .
5 . Closely resembling M. agnata, Andre, but very much smaller : head minutely punctured; thorax short, very broad, nearly square, slightly wider in front than posteriorly, a narrow transverse collar between it and the head. Head and abdomen black, thorax red, scape and basal two joints of the flagellum of the antennae and the legs testaceous red ; two large contiguous spots on the vertex of the head, two others near the base of the 2nd abdominal segment, the posterior margin of the latter broadly, and the 3rd segment above covered with golden ferruginous pubescence, the rest of the abdomen with black pubescence.
Hah. Colaba, Bombay. $ . Length 3 mm.
7. Mutilla tridungulata, Magr. Ann. Mus. Civ. Gen. (2") xii, 1892,
p. 269, 5, 2.
§ . Head wider than the thorax, coarsely longitudinally rugose ; thorax elongate, constricted in the middle, posteriorly emarginate and armed with two stout teeth ; the plate of the scutellum short
12
MUTILLID^.
and o£ the usual width, with two other lamina) placed triangularly above and somewhat prominent; the posterior portion of the thorax with longitudinal rugose folds furnished with prominent papillae placed in lines ; the 1st abdominal segment above with coarse oval punctures, beneath with a carina emarginate in the middle and bent downwards. Black, the thorax, the mandibles in the middle, and the apex of the abdomen rufo-ferruginous ; the 2nd abdominal segment above with two oval yellowish spots of silky pile, the 3rd and 4th segments with a fascia of the same coloured pile, which in some varieties is interrupted medially. The anal segment has on both sides long, and the legs short and sparse, yellowish pile.
iTaS." Palon, Burma; Karen Hills at low elevations. ?. Length 9 mm.
8. Mutilla sorer, Sauss. Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr. 1867, p. 364, pi. 8, fig. 3 ;
Rad. ^ tiich. Hor. Soc. Ent. Ross, vi, 1869, p. 306.
$ . Head punctured, thorax more coarsely punctured and reticu- late, abdomen densely pubescent ; thorax from above square. Head and abdomen black," thorax red, the antennae and legs black, the scape of the former and the coxae of the legs reddish, the pubescence on the legs golden, on the abdomen black, with two large maculae on the 2nd segment, the 3rd and 4th segments above clothed with golden pubescence.
Hah. Ceylon. $ . Length 8 mm.
9. Mutilla pulchriceps. Cam. Mon. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) v, 1892,
pp. 121, 130, pi. iv, fig. 17.
5 . Closely allied to and resembhng M. soror, Sauss. ; differs in having the head covered densely with golden pile, and the sides of the thorax being irregularly concave, not straight.
Bab. Poena {Wrotighton). $ . Length 8 mm.
1 0 Mutilla pectino-spinata, Maffr. Ann. Mus. Civ. Gen. (2") xii,1892, p.. 212, 5.
5 . The scape of the antennae strongly cm-ved, nearly half the length of the flagellum ; head coarsely longitudinally channelled ; thorax narrow, subrectangular, scarcely constricted in the middle, the sides irregularly emarginate, and spinose, posteriorly abruptly truncate, the upper margin with ten spinose papillae, two long ones in the middle subarcuate, and four smaller ones on each side ; the dorsal portion of the thorax longitudinally reticulate, the pleurae smooth and shining, the posterior face of the metanotum coarsely reticulate towards the apex, with minute black strias and ovate spots • the 2nd abdominal segment with black pubescence, densely rugosely punctate ; the 1st ventral segment with a Hnear carina very prominent. Black, with greyish -yellow pubescence; the thorax, the intermediate femora, and the anal segment _ot the abdomen rufo-ferruginous ; the 2nd abdominal segment with two
MUTILLA.
13
larc^o oval macule, the 3rd and 5th segments with obsolete (pro- bablv due to attrition) fascife of greyish-yellow pile. liah. Eangoon, Burma. ? . Lencjth 13 mm.
11 Mutilla niveosignata, Andr6, Jour. Bomb. N. H. Soc. viii, 1893, pp. 465, 480, 5 .
P Head thorax, and abdomen coarsely and closely punctured and studded'with erect hairs ; head orbicular, strongly convex in front ; thorax from above rectangular, truncate in front and pos- teriorly, the sides crenulate along the upper margin, smooth below, with the metapleurffi coarsely punctured, the truncation at apex smooth Black, the pubescence black, the thorax above red, a narrow marein anteriorly black ; abdomen with dense black pubescence, the basal segment nearly bare, ciliated on its posterior margin with yellow hairs, 2nd and 3rd segments with two oval spots covered with snow-white puhescence.
Hah. Poena ; Orissa. $ . Lencjth 10 mm.
19 MutiUa dimidiata, Lepel. Hym. iii, p. 628, cJ; Had. Sr Sich. Hor. Soc. JEnt. Eoss. vi, 1869, p. 285,
0 Head about as wide as the thorax, striate in front, the striae runnincr into tine reticulations; thorax punctured, coarsely so nosteriorlv • from above rectangular, the sides slightly emargmate ; [he abdomen pubescent, the base of the 4th, 5th and 6th segments finely punctured. Black, the thorax red, the femora of the legs beneath rufescent ; abdomen with a round pubescent spot on each side at base of the 2nd segment, a broad medially interrupted fascia on the 3rd, a squarish spot on each side of the 4th, and a frincre on each side of the 6th, of silvery hairs.
J Head thorax, and abdomen densely pubescent, punctured coarsely on the thorax, on the head the punctures are finer, and on the abdomen more sparsely scattered; the mesonotum with four longitudinal carinaj ; median segment reticulate under the pubescence, somewhat truncate posteriorly, with a medial irreeularly V-shaped carina and a short outwardly divergent carina on either side at base. Black, the pubescence silvery white on the head and thorax, red on the red portions of the abdomen ; the abdomen red, with the basal and apical segments black • -wings dark fuscous, with a purple effulgence.
Hab. Bengal; North-West Provinces ; Bombay; Madras ; Burma ; Tenasserim T Ceylon ; extending to the east as far as Luzon and Timor. ? . Length 12-15 mm. 6 . Length 18-20 ; exjJ. 38-43.
13 Mutilla vicinissima, Gribodo, Ann. Mus. Civ. Gen. (2") i, 1884, p. .364, 28, 2 .
9 . Head, thorax, and abdomen punctured, the punctures very coarse and deep on the head and thorax, more shallow on the abdomen, on the thorax in certain lights they seem to run into
14 MUTILLID^E.
reticulations ; head orbicular, slightly wider than the tliorax, the eyes subspheroidal, small ; thorax I'roni above broadly rectangular, the anterior and posterior margins rounded; the apex steeply sloped. Head and abdomen black; thorax dark red; the apical joint of the flagellnm of the antennae testaceous ; the whole head, "thorax, and abdomen covered with short erect black hairs, the abdomen also with recumbent stiff black pubescence : a round spot on each side of the 2nd segment above, a broad elongate spot on each side on the apical margin of the 3rd, with some indistinct smaller markings on the sides of the other segments covered with white pubescence.
Huh. Minhla, Upper Burma. ? . Lencjili 9 mm.
14. Mutilla ruficrus, Bad. MS., Magr. Ann. Mus. Civ. Gen. (2») xii,
1892, p. 205.
5 . Very closely resembling M. suhintrans, Ead. ; differs in being smaller, the head and thorax being more lightly punctm-ed, the abdomen less pubescent, and the ventral carina on it less distinct.
Hob. Bhamo, Upper Burma ; Karen Hills. ? . Length 5-7 mm.
15. Mutilla intermpta, Oliv. JEncycl. MSth. viii, p. 62. Mutilla reprsesentans, Smith, Cat. iii, p. 35, $ .
2 . Head not so wide a,s the thorax, closely and not very coarsely punctured, the scape of the antenna? and the clypeus pubescent, eyes ovate ; thorax rectangular, coarsely punctured, the sides excavate and smooth, posteriorly vertically truncate, the punctures on the posterior face running into vertical striffi ; abdo- men pubescent above, beneath smooth with the margins of the segments finely punctured. Black, the base and apex of the antenna-, the base of the mandibles, and the thorax red; legs and abdomen beneath rufo-f uscous ; two round spots on the 2nd abdominal segment above, and lateral oblong spots on the 3rd and 4th segments covered with silky silvery pile, the apical segment fringed laterally with silvery hairs.
cJ . Head and thorax coarsely punctured and sparsely pubescent, the clypeus and cheeks more densely so ; mesonotum with three parallel longitudinal carinas ; the median segment long, narrowed posteriorly and coarsely reticulate, from the base three central parallel longitudinal carinse run to half the length of the segment, the two outer ones meeting in a rounded loop beyond the apex of the central carina ; abdomen smooth and shming, subpetiolate. Black the pubescence on the head and thorax silvery, tlie basal four segments of the abdomen red ; wings clear hyaline at base, light fuscous, with a purplish effulgence beyond the basal nervure of the fore wing and beyond the anal cell in the hmd wing.
ffab North-West Provinces ; Bengal : Madras ; Burma : Tenas- serim, extending to China. ?. Length 10-11 mm. d . Le7ujth 15-17 ; exp. 28-33 mm.
MTJTILLA.
16. MutiUa subintrans, Rad. Sf Sich. Ilor. Soc Ent Rm, A 1869,
p. 228, 2 ; Magr. Ann. Mus. Civ. Gen. (2") xii, 1892, p. JOd.
2 Closely allied to and resembling M. inien-upia, Oliv., but of stouter build and more coarsely punctured on the thorax ; head wider than the thorax, collar transversely striate ; thorax trom above rectangular, the sides emargiuate, vertically truncate pos- teriorlv, punctured, the punctures not running into strife ; abdomen pubescent above, beneath the basal segment with a prominent loncritudinal carina, the apical margins of the segments coarsely punctured. Coloration precisely similar to that of M. mterrupta.
Hah. Ceylon ; Burma ; Tenasserim. $ . Lencjili 12 mm.
17. Mutilla colal)ensis, AndrS, Jow: Bomb. N. H. Soc. viii, 1893,
pp. 466, 475, 2 .
9 Head and thorax somewhat coarsely punctured and covered with erect hairs; abdomen densely pubescent; head from above sli<^htly rectangular, not strongly convex in front, broader than the thSrax the latter from above rectangular, the sides parallel, the angles'somewhat rounded. Head and abdomen black ; the thorax above red. below and the sides with a narrow margin all round above black ; the pubescence on the abdomen jet-black ; a round spot on the front of the head, an oval spot on each side close to the base of the 2nd, and another on each side close to the base ot the 3rd abdominal segment, covered with snow-white pubescence.
Hab. Colaba, Bombay. $ . Length 6 mm.
18 Mutilla ceylanensis, Ead. ^ Sich. Hor. Soc Ent. Ross, vi, 1869, p.247, ?.
Q Head coarsely punctured, thorax striate-punctate, abdomen pubescent; eyes large, round; thorax squarish with the angles rounded ; abdomen subsessile. Head and abdomen black ; thorax red- abdomen with black pubescence, two round spots in the middle of the 2nd, 3rd, and 4th segments of white pubescence, the sides of the segments and the apical segment ciliated with white hairs ; legs red, with scattered white hairs.
Hah. Ceylon. ? . Lencith 9 mm.
Unknown to me, but from the description I should say very close to M. sexmaculata, Swed., if not identical with it.
19. Mutilla aulica*, Smith, Cat. iii, p. 37, $.
5. Head and thorax closely and coarsely, abdomen finely
* The following species described by Olivier (Encycl. M6th. viii, p. 61, $) from " Les Indes Orientales " has not, so far as I know, been procured of late
years by any collector :— - , • , i ■ • ■ i.
"M rugosa. J. Hirta, nigra ; thorace yiostice, abdominis prirao segmento Kpoimdoaue basi, rufo-aureo-pilosis, secundi apice, tertio, quarto, quintoque nlgHs albo-tripunctatis-'-Rid. & Sich. Hor. Soc. Ent. Boss, vi 1869, p. 259. RadozkovBky and Sichel also regard M. hengalensis, Lepel,, as probably a variety of tbe above.
16 mutillidjE.
punctured and pubescent ; the pubescence short, thick, velvety, witli a mixture of long black hairs ; thorax above slightly convex, rect- angular, the sides excavated, smooth ; the median segment pos- teriorly truncate ; the pronotum anteriorly rounded, narrowed into a collar towards the head. Black, the thorax above obscurely dark red, a circular spot on the vertex of the head, an oblong patch on the sides of the thorax, and a sublateral spot on each side of the 2nd, 3rd, and 4th segments of the abdomen, of white pubescence.
Var. The spot on the vertex obsolete or absent ; thorax some- times black.
Hah. Northern India ; Ceylon. $ . Lenc/th 6-8 mm. Type in British Museum.
20. Mutilla hexaops, Sauss. Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr. 1867, p. 356, pi. 8,
fig. 6.
■ 5 . Closely allied to and resembling M. sexmaculata, Swed., but constantly smaller ; the antennse ferruginous ; the thorax red not black, the 2ud, 3rd, and 4th segments with a round spot on each side covered with white pubescence. Hah. Ceylon. $ . Lencjth 7 mm.
21. Mutilla valida. Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. xli (1897).
2 Head thorax, and abdomen evenly, rather closely and coarsely punctured, densely pubescent; thorax suboval, the lateral margins lightly crenulate, the sides slightly excavated, smooth with two fine oblique carina;; median segment posteriorly slightly but distinctly emarginate. Black, the mesonotum, scutellum, post- scutellum, and median segment above red, this colour extending halfway down the posterior face, but not on the sides of the median segment ; pubescence fuscous, with some white hau:s on the legs and pectus ; a spot behind the eyes, a patch on the meso- pleurl, and large circular sublateral spots on the 2nd and 3rd segments of the abdomen, white ; the middle of the apical margms of "segments 1-3 above with fusco-fulvous pubescence. _
Hah. Barrackpore, Bengal. ? . Length 7 mm. Type m coll. Eothney.
*22. Mutilla wroughtoni, Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) v, 1892, pp. ]23, 127, pi. iv, fig. 15, 5- « Black, the thorax above rufous, the base of the 2nd abdominal segment with two oval white marks. Antennee stout ; he 3rd joS? about one-half longer than the 4th. Head bmader than the thorax coarsely rugosely punctured ; eyes moderate, oblong, the lead well developed' behind them. Thorax more ---Iv n^o than the head, the pleurae aW^^-en^ly '"^P^f^^^^ ^ JJe
thorax above rough, becoming f;^^^^>^-'^"(/^t 'Vbdl\n 1 finex of the median segment oblique, black. Abdomen snoirer Zi:L tj:L thorax united, t'- ^absessile pyg: .uni ap^^^^^ rently punctured, covered with long hairs. The uppei suitace
MUTILLA..
17
of the insect has the hair black ; the ventral longer and whitish. Legs covered with white hairs.
" Lenrith 8i mm."
Hab. Poona ( Wroughton).
23. Mutilla puUa, AndrS, Jour. Bomb. N. H. Soc. viii, 1893, pp. 464, 473, S .
2 . Head, thorax, and abdomen very finely and closely punc- tured, on the front running into longitudinal striae ; head wider than the thorax; thorax rounded in front and at apex, and rounded oonvexly from front to apex ; the antenna} long and pro- portionately very thick. Head and abdomen black, the scape and basal joint of the flagellum of the antennae, the thorax, and legs red : an oval medi-il spot near the base, and a broad lunate one, on the apical margin of the 2nd abdominal segment, covered with pale golden pubescence.
Huh. Canara, Bombay Presidency. ? . Lencjtli 5 mm.
24. Mutilla blanda, Sviith, Cat. iii, p. 32, $ .
$ . Head and thorax closely and coarsely, and the abdomen finely punctured and pubescent : thorax from above nearly oval, anteriorly and posteriorly broadly rounded; the sides excavated and smooth, the lateral margins above crenulate ; abdomen bruad, short, about as long as the bead and thorax together, the apical segment finely longitudinally striate on the sides. Black, the thorax above and on the sides red, the pubescence white, thin, and scattered : two median spots, one at the base and one on the posterior margin of the 2nd segment, and the whole of the 3rd segment above, covered with glittering silvery pubescence.
Hnh. India ; Ceylon. $ . Length 7 mm. Type in the British Museum.
*25. Mutilla constancese. Cam. Mem. Manch. L. PJ>. Soc. (4) v,1892, pp. 118, 134, pi. i, iig. 10, 2 . " 2- Black, the thorax pale ferruginons above, an irregular mark on the base and apex of the second segment and the third segment white. Antennae with the third joint about one quarter longer than the fourth ; the first at apex, the second and the terminal beneath more or less piceous. Head not much wider than the thorax, coarsely punctured, densely covered with silvery hair,; the antennal tubercles piceous, aciculate. Eyes oval, mode- rate, reaching quite close to the top of the head. Thorax quadrate, rounded at base and apex, the sides rough, slightly concave; above coarsely longitudinally punctured ; the pleura? impunctate, densely covered with white hairs. Abdomen as long as the head and thorax united, subsessile, dilated at the base of second segment, becoming gradually narrowed to the apex, coarsely punctured, in
A'OL. I.
13
MUTILLIDjB.
the middle bearing rufous hairs, tiie sides with silvery liair; pygidiuni rut'ous, longitudinally striate, the ventral segments fringed with long silvery hairs. Legs covered with long silvery hairs ; the tibial spines testaceous ; the spurs white." IJab. Pooiia. $ . Length a little over 6 mm,
26. Mutilla pondicherensis, li<td. ^- Sich. Ilor. Soc. Ent. Moss, vi, 1869, p. 204, 2 .
$. Head and thorax punctured, rugose; abdomen pubescent; the head moderately wide, covered with scattered pubescence ; antennae slightly thickened in the middle ; thorax from above squarish, I'ugose, truncate posteriorly ; the truncation rugulose, the sides covered with a decumbent pubescence ; 1st segment of the abdomen carinated ; the pygidium flat and longitudinally striate. Black, the thorax red, the pubescence on the head and thorax silvery, on the abdomen black ; the apical margin of the 1st, two medial spots, one above the other, on the 2nd segment, and the 3rd segment above covered with silvery pubescence ; legs black with scattered silvery hairs.
Huh. Pondichery. $ . Length 11 mm.
27. Mutilla rufitarsis. Smith, New Sp. Ilym. B. M. p. 199.
? Mutilla taprobanffi, Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Fh. Soc. (4) v, 1892, p. 125.
5 . Head and thorax finely, regularly, and very closely punc- tured ; abdomen densely pubescent ; head orbicular, narrower than the thorax ; thorax rectangular, broad, anteriorly and pos- teriorly roundly truncate ; abdomen short, wide, bi'oadly oval, punctured under the pubescence; the pygidium finely longitudi- nally striate. Head, legs, and abdomen black, vvil h black pubescence; thorax red ; a large round spot in the middle of the 2nd abdominal segiuent close to the base, another smaller on the middle of the apical margin, with the narrow apical margin itself, and the whole of the 3rd segment above covered with silvery white pubescence.
Bab. India (Smith). $ . Length 11 mm.
I'rom the description it seems to me that M. tap'ohanoe, Cam., is only a variety of this species.
28. Mutilla durga.
Mutilla dives, Cam. (nee Smith, Cat. v, p. 32) Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. xli (1897).
5 . Head and thorax coarsely, and abdomen finely and closely punctured ; head small, not so wide as the thorax ; eyes large, oval ; thorax from above nearly rectangular, anteriorly and pos- teriorly almost transverse, the sides deeply excavated, coarsely reticulate ; abdomen densely ])ubescent. Black, the thorax in the middle red, leaving a narrow black margin all round ; a circular median spot at the base of the 2nd abdominal segment, another close to the apical margin, and the entire 3rd segment above
MUTILLA.
19
covered with silveiy white pubescence, the sides and ventral segments fringed with white hairs.
Ilab. Barraekpore, Bengal. ? . Length 8 mm. Type in coll. Rothney.
Mutilla suhglabra, Andre, Jour. Bomb. N. II. Soc. viii, 1893, pp. 464, 472, ?.
2 . Head, thorax, and basal two abdominal segments minutely and closely punctured, and covered with short erect hairs ; head orbicular ; antennas long and massive, but less so than in M. pullu ; thorax from above narrowly rectangular, the front and apex steeper, and not so rounded as in M. pulla. Head and abdomen black ; thorax red : antenusb black, with the scape and basal joint of the flageilum red ; legs brown, tarsi testaceous : a medial oval spot near the base, and a large round spot at the apex of the 2nd abdominal segment covered with silvery pubescence.
Eab. Canara, Bombay Presidency. 5 . Le^igth 4 mm.
30. Mutilla conjungeiida, Magi: Ann. Mus. Civ. Gen. (2") xii, 1892, p. 214, $d.
2 . Head coarsely and deeply punctured and rugose, about the width of the thorax ; thorax short, posteriorly rounded, anteriorly and in the middle minutely reticulate, posteriorly more coarsely reticula,te with the papillae distinct ; the plate of the scutellum small, scarcely projecting; the pleuras smooth and opaque, pilose ; the 1st abdominal segment above pilose, carrying beneath a distinct emarginate carina ; the 2nd segment densely pubescent above, beneath shining and sparsely punctured. Black, the basal half of the mandibles, the base of the antennae, and the thorax rufo- ferruginous ; a fimbria of silky yellow pubescence on the posterior margins of the 1st and anal segments above and on the posterior margins of all the ventral segments, a spot on the middle above of the 2nd segment, a transverse band on its posterior margin, and the whole of the 3rd segment covered with the same pubescence ; the transverse band on the margin of the 2nd segment is produced anteriorly into a triangular point in the middle ; the 1st segment at base above covered with griseous, the 2nd with black pubescence.
S. Head strongly punctured and rugose, slightly shining; eyes ovate, lightly emarginate, the ocellar area rais( d and bearing a carina down the middle ; the mandibles flat, branched, strongly dilated, tridentate; pro- and mesouotum minutely punctin*ed, metanotum with broad reticulations, the median portion obso- letely lanceolate ; pro- and mesopleurje punctured, metapleura? smooth and shining ; the 1st ventral segment carinated, the carina distinct, linear and lightly emarginate in the middle. Black, thorax rufo-ferruginous, the pectus black ; wings light fuscous with a violet effulgence, the base hyaline ; the tegulas black; the 1st abdominal segment with a marginal limbria, the
o2
20 MTJTILLID^.
2nd with a transverse band on its apical margin, the 3rd and anal segments covered with yellow pubescence; the 1st and 2ad abdominal segments punctured above and below.
Hab. Upper Burma. ? . Length 7 mm. d • Lenfjth 9 ; exp. 18 mm.
31. Mutilla kirbyi, Maqr. Ann. Mus. Civ. Gen. (2") xil, 1892, p. 216, ?.
5 Head and anterior two-thirds of the thorax very coarsely rngos'e reticulate, posterior portion punctured, the punctures running into longitudinal papillose stria? ; the plate of the scutellum xvide, prominent, the lateral angles set with distinct papilla ; the pleurte smooth, opaque; hasal abdoraiual segment aciculately punctured above, beneath the ventral carina distinctly dentate; 2nd segment above densely pubescent, beneath somewhat coarsely and strongly punctured, the remaining segments above with long •pubescence,' beneath shining, minutely transversely stnolate ; the lateral angles and apical margins moderately punctured ; anal seg- ment above minutely longitudinally striate ; the apex emargmate. Black, the thorax, the anterior and intermediate coxfe and femora almost entirely, and the basal abdominal segment vndely rufo- ferruginous ; the base and apex of the scape and the flagellnm of the antenna? beneath nigro-ferrugiuous : abdomen with the apical mnrgin of the 1st segment, a median pyriform oval spot and narrow transverse band on the apical margin of the 2nd, the 3rd entirely, and the anal segment on both sides covered with golden fulvous pubescence; the pubescence short and dense on the 3rd, longer and less dense on the anal segment ; the 2nd-5th ventral segments cUiated on their posterior margins with yellow hairs ; the head and thorax above covered with black ; the sternum metathorax, basal abdominal segment, and legs with grey pde; the palpi and the spines of the tibia? and tarsi testaceous yellow. Var The basal abdominal segment totally black.
Eah. Karen Hills, Burma. ? . LengiJi 12 mm.
32 Mutilla tenasserimica, Magr. Ann. Mm. Ck. Gen. (2") xii, 1892, p.214, ?.
2 . Head densely minutely punctured ; tl»«^;^''™'^",'^t°n^'e posteriorly, abruptly truncate, anteriorly and m the middle above m°mS reticulate: posteriorly the reticulations are larger, the r of'^he scutellum obsolete in certain cases, the papilla? scarcely omiueS the plem.a? shining ; the 1st abdominal -g-en^^b-e Luooth and shining, its posterior margin ^o';^^^ mm^^^^^^ nunctured- the ventral carina obsolete or barely obseival?le . tse ^Sdomen d'ensely set with silvery, and the legs vj.th black Pube- cence Black, the thorax, base of the mandibles, and scape oi Z ln^lZ^t bnse and apex ferruginous red ; ^1-^^^^^^^^ base of the 2nd abdominal segment, an arched tiansxerse Dana
MUTILLA.
21
its posterior margin, the 3rd segment entirely, and the posterior margin of the 4tli segment covered with silky yellow pile. Bab. Teuasserim {Meetan). $ . Le7igth 5 mm.
*33. Mtitilla l)uddha, Cam. Mem. Munch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) v, 1892, pp. 117, 132.
" 2 Black, the thorax ferruginous ; aii ovmI spot on the base of second segment and the whole of the third pale golden-fulvous. Head narrower than thorax, very coarsely punctured, almost reticulated ; eyes large, oval, antennal tubercles impunctate ; vertex not much raised above the eyes, roundly convex ; the clypeus frino-ed with long fulvous, the rest of the head sparsely with fuscous hairs ; mandibles piceous in the middle. Scape covered with pale fulvous hairs ; the flagellum with a pale down, brownish beneath ; the third joint not much longer than the fourth, shorter than the fourth and fifth united. Thorax coarsely longitudinally reticulated ; the pleura} entirely impunctate, becoming gradually but not much narrowed from extreme base to apex; the edges rough, but without any distinct tubercles ; apex of median segment obliquely sloped. Abdomen longer than the head and thorax united ; the first segment dilated, the second segment longitudi- nally punctured; the others with their apices shinmg, imptmctate, glabrous; the pygidium coarsely punctured; the extreme apex finely transversely striate; the apical ventral segments fringed with long fulvous liairs. Legs : the femora sparsely covered with longish blackish hairs, the tibia) and tarsi thickly with pale fulvo- golden ; the calcaria and the bristles on the underside of the tarsi rufous ; the four tibial spines stout, black.
''Bab. Poona (Wroughton). $ . Length 11 mm."
34. Mutilla coronata, Fabr. Ent. Syst. ii, p. 369; Sauss. Novara
Etise, Hym. p. 106, $ .
2 . Head, thorax, and 2nd abdominal segment coarsely punc- tured; thorax posteriorly rounded, sloped transversely, rugose and granular, armed above at base with a minute erect lamella; abdomen densely pubescent. Head and abdomen black ; thorax red, with cuiereous pubescence on the sides, fuscous above ; the basal segment of the abdomen cihated with whitish fulvous hairs, 2nd segment with a round spot close to the base covered with white pubescence, the margin of the segment sometimes ciliated with white hairs, 3rd segment with white pubescence beneath ; antenna and legs black, the scape of the former rufescent.
Bab. Europe; Ceylon {Sauss.). $ . Length lU mm.
35. Mutilla decora, Smith, Neiv Sp. Hym. B. M. p. 200 ; Magr. Ann.
Mns. Civ. Gen. (2") xii, 1892, p. 218. $ . Head and thorax sparsely ^ abdomen densely pubescent ;
22
MCTILLIDiE,
head finely and closely, thorax less finely punctured ; eyes nearly round ; thorax squarish in front, posteriorly rounded, with a steep slope; 1st ventral segment strongly longitudiually carinate. Black, the antennas, legs, and base of the 1st abdominal segment rufescent ; the thorax red ; a round spot in the middle above on the 2nd abdominal segment, a transverse baud, widest in the middle on its posterior margin, and the 3rd segment above covered with silvery white pubescence.
Hah. Penang ; Bhamo, Upper Burma ; Eaugoon district, Lower Burma. $ . Lenciih 7-8 mm.
36. Mutilla trimaculata, Cam. Mem. Manch. L.Ph. Soc. (4) v, 1892, pp. 122, 126.
2 . Head, thorax, and abdomen finely and closely punctured and pubescent, the pubescence consisting of thin rather longish erect hairs ; the thorax from above long, oval, with the ends anteriorly and posteriorly broad, widely rounded ; beneath, the sides are excavated and smooth. Black, the thorax and legs dark red ; the apex of the 1st, 2nd, and 4th segments of the abdomen above with a spot of glistening white pubescence.
Bab. Pooua, Western India. $ . Length 5 mm. Type in coll. Eothney.
37. Mutilla argenteomaculata, Smith, New Sp. Hym. B. M. p. 199,
$ . Head, thorax, and abdomen coarsely cri- brate, with erect sparsely set hairs ; head orbicular, not so wide as the thorax : thorax convex, elongate, oval, with the top and bottom of the oval truncate, transverse, and with an acute tubercle on each side at middle; 1st abdominal segment short, subpetiolate, and narrowed, much depressed be- neath the level of the base of the 2ud segment, which is nearly vertical. Head and abdomen black, thorax above and 1st abdominal segment red, sides of the thorax rufo-fuscous, sometimes red ; the pubescence black ; the sides oE the thorax with a little golden pubescence ; legs black ; a large round macula on the head, three medial spots down the abdomen above (one at the base and one at the apex of the 2nd segment, aud one at the apex of the 5th segment), and a spot on each side close to the posterior margin of the 2nd segment covered with silvery
white pubescence. , r^ i i j • i
S Head, thorax, and abdomen black, the 2nd abdominal segment more or less ferruginous : the head, the median segment, and the basal abdominal segment M'ith white pubescence ; an ovate spot in the middle of the apical margin of the 2nd segment,
Fig. 3. Mutilla argenteo- rmculata, $. t-
MUT3LLA.
23
a lateral one on the Srcl, and a medial one on Uio 5th and 6th of snow-white pubescence ; wings fuscous, subhyaline at base.
Hah. Bombay: Ahmedabad {Miss A. Brook). ?. Lencjlh 12-16 mm. cf • Length 15 ; exp. 29 mm.
38. Mutilla kohli, Mayr. Ann. Mus. Civ. Gen. (2») xii, 1892, p. 217, $ • $. Head as wide as the thorax, in front longitudinally
punctured and rugose, on the vertex coarsely furrowed ; thorax suboval, its lateral margins distinctly emarginate and toothed, the pronotum above minutely punctured, mesonotum coarsely and deeply longitudinally reticulate and rugose ; plate of the scutellum absent, but in place of it a line of distinct papillae on the middle above ; metathorax roundly declivous, coarsely reticulate, furnished on the posterior lateral angles with two strong spines, their apices obtuse and sub-bifid, also other smaller acute spines in the middle above ; abdomen, particularly at the base of the 1st and on the apical half of the 2nd and' following segments, densely and the sides sparsely pubescent ; the carina on the 1st ventral segment nearly or completely obsolete. Blaci?, thorax fusco-ferruginous, a subrectangular oval macula of yellowish white pubescence on the posterior margin of the 1st abdominal segment, other narrow arched indistinct spots of the same in the middle at the bastj of the 2nd segment, with two large triangular patches on its -apical margin ; linear yellow pubescent spots also on the apical margins of the 3rd, 4th, and 5th segments, and the anal seguient fringed on both sides with yellowish hairs ; the femora and tibiffl sparsely, and the tarsi densely covered with greyish pubescence ; the apical margins of the ventral abdominal segments pale and sparsely ciliated ; the pubescence on the abdomen above black, and on the sides mixed with grey hairs.
Var. a. The scape and apex of the flagellum of the antennae rufo-ferruginous.
Var. b. The anterior legs and posterior femora obscurely ferruginous.
Hab. Bhamo, Upper Burma. $ . Length 7 mm.
39. Mutilla cotesi. Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. xli (1897).
5 . Closely resembles M. rothneyi (p. 27), but the head is more globular, the eyes smaller, circular, and less prominent, the sides of the thorax not studded with sharp spines, but only creuulate, and the median segment has no central spine posteriorly : in colour the present species differs in having the head black, with a central spot of white pubescence on the forehead, the sides of the thorax and legs dark red, and the pubescent white spots on the abdomen smaller.
II ab. Barrackpore, Bengal. $ . Length 8 mm. Type in coll. Eothney.
24 MUTILLIB^.
40. Mutilla nobilis, Smith, Cat. iii, p. 33, d i Cam. Mnn. Marw/i. L. rit. Hoc. (4) V, lSd2, p. I:i0. ; . • ,
5 . Head and thorax coarsely punctured ; abdomen densely pubescent ; head elongate, half as long again as broad ; eyes very small, ovate; thorax trom above somewhat irregularly rectangular, narrowed posteriorly, with an inconspicuous acute tubercle on each side before the middle ; abdomen very massive, much longer than the head and thorax united. Head and thorax red ; antenna; and legs rufo-fuscous, the tibioe and tarsi with dense golden pubescence ; abdomen black, with black pubetceuce, three large contiguous spots at the base of the 2iid segment, and the ^rd and 4th segments above clothed with bright golden pubescence, the middle spot on the 2nd segment slightly further back than the other two, the band on the 3rd and 4th narrowly Uiterrupted in
the middle. , . . „ n „ c
cJ . Similar, the scape and basal two joints of the ilagelium ot the autenna?, and the legs pale reddish yellow, the median segment black, steeply sloped, nearly vertical posteriorly ; abdomen sub- petiolate, the 1st segment and the apical margins of the 2nd, 3rd, iind 4th broadly covered with golden pubescence ; wings fuscous, subhyaline at base.
Bab. Madras, Shevaroy Hills. ? . Lenrjth 16 mm. 6 ■ Length 15-20 ; exj). 30-33 mm.
41 Mutilla laininella, Mas/r. Ann. Mus. Civ. Gen. (2") xii, 1892,
p.215, ?. ...
9 Head minutely but deeply, thorax more coarsely punctiued, the puuctures oblong, posteriorly merging into xyide reticulation, the apex of the thorax abruptly tiuncate; the p ate ot the scutellum narrow, but very prominent ; the pleura; shining ; the ventral carina distinct, its margin roundly lalcate Black; tbe mandibles (except at apex), the base and apex ot the scape ot the antenna;, and tbe thorax rufo-ferrugmous ; the apical margins of the '^nd 3rd, aud anal abdominal segments and the tarsi variegated with rufo-testaceous ; the whole head and thorax with sparse cinereous, and the abdomen ^.ith dense black pubescence ; an obsolete spot on the 1st segment above, a ascia on its apical nuirgin, and a subtriangular patch on the middle above ot the 3rd segment, of silky yellow pile. ^ ^ .7 r
Hah. Mandalay, Upper Burma. ? . Lenytli 5 mm.
4-^ Mutilla cassiope, Smith, Jour. Linn. Soc. 1858, p. 86, $ ; Maffi: Ann. Mus. On: Gen. -{2^) xii, 1892, p. 219.
9. Head, thorax, and abdomen thii^ly P^be^^^f * ' h'^J' thorax, basal two abdominal segments, the base of the 4tb and otb, Ind the whole of the apical segment closely P--^'-'^; "J; ,^: head and thorax having a granular appearance ; tl e ^^^^ ai of the 2nd segment very narrowly, and the apical margins ot the
MUTILLA.
25
4th and 5th smooth and shining; the punctures on the 2nd segment running into longitudinal strias; head broad and square; eyes ovate ; thorax in front squarish, posteriorly constricted towards the apex. Black, the scape and basal joint ot the flagellum of the anteunte, the thorax, and the coxae and femora of all the legs red; the 3rd abdominal segment covered with a dense silvery pile above.
Hah. Borneo (Smith) ; Moolayit, Tenasserim (i. Fea). $ . Length 5-7 mm.
43. Mutilla sex-maculata, Swed. [nee Smith) Nouv. Act. Holm, viii, 1787, p. 286 ; Kad. iSr Sick. Hoi: Soc. Ent. Ross, vi, 1869, p. 246.
$ . Head and thorax closely punctui-ed, with a thin scattered puhesceuce; abdomen densely pubescent ; head orbicular; thorax truncate in front and posteriorly, from above irregularly rect- angular, slightly broader posteriorly than in front, slightly con- stricted in the middle ; abdomen massive, long, much longer than the head and thorax united. Black, the thorax above red ; two oblong spots close to the base of the 1st abdominal segment, two others on its apical margin, and two on the 3rd segment, of snow- white pubescence.
Hah. Punjab; Allahabad; Barrackpore; Bombay. J. Length 11-17 ram.
44. Mutilla agnata, Andri, Jour. Bomb. N. H. Soc. viii, 1893, pp. 466, 479, ?.
2 . Head, thorax, and abdomen finely and closely punctured, pubescent, the thorax nearly bare, with sparse erect line hairs ; head very orbicular, strongly convex in front, narrower than the thorax ; eyes very large, subovate ; thorax from above elongate, rectangular, the lateral margins slightly wa\ed anteriorly, widely arched posteriorly, truncate, the truncation punctured; 1st ab- dominal segment very short, its posterior margin above depressed well beneath the base of the 2nd segment. Head black, covered with a rather thin short golden pubescence, the scape and basal two joints of the antennaj and the legs ferruginous ; the apical portion of the flagellum brown ; thorax red ; abdomen black, the basal half and the narrow apical margin of the 2nd, and the whole of the rest of the segments above, covered with ferruginous golden pubescence, the anterior border of the golden pubescence on the 2nd segment medially emarginate.
Hah. Canara, Bombay Presidency. $ . Length 7-12 mm.
*45. Mutilla insularis, Cam. Mem. M'anch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) v, 1892, pp. 119, 133.
" 5 . The antenna} and head black ; thorax ferruginous ; abdo- men black, with two large oval united fasciae on the second segment ; the thu-d segment and the apex of the fourth golden fulvous ; legs black, the femora for the greater part ferruginous.
26
MUTILLIDiB.
Head coarsely rugosely punctured ; the hairs fulvous. Eyes large, oblong, reaching quite close to the top of the head, which is slightly convex. Antennal tubercles red, shining, finely striated. Antennte inclining to piceous beneath towards the base ; the third joint twice the length of the fourth ; the second and third joint subequal. Thorax bluntly roiinded at base and apex, twice the length of head, more strongly punctured than Jhe head ; the pleurse punctured except at the apex ; the sides of the thorax above rough, almost straight ; pygidium longitudinally striated ; the sides fringed wifh long fulvous hair ; apical ventral segment slightly fringed with fulvous hair ; the basal segment with large deep punctures ; the others with the punctures much smaller. Legs covered thickly with long pale fulvous hairs, rufo-fulvous on the tarsi ; the calcaria ; the tibial spines four, pale.
"■^ Hob. Trincomali; Ceylon. 5 • Length 11 mm."
*46. Mutilla serratula. Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) v, 1892, pp. V22, 133, pi. i, fig. 12.
$ . " Black ; the thorax red ; the scape and legs pale rufo- testaceous ; the apex of second abdominal segment with a pale fulvous band (dilated in the middle). Head as wide as the thorax, coarsely punctured ; the antennal tubercles impunctate, pale testa- ceous, as well as the clypeus ; mandibles reddish, the apices piceous black ; eyes large, oval, reaching close to the top of the head. The third joint of antenna) about one-half longer than the fourth. The sides of the thorax coarsely irregularly serrate, contracted in the middle, closely and coarsely longitudinally punctured ; the apex of median segment above A-shaped ; coarsely serrated ; the acute apex terminating in a spine. The sides of the median segment serrate; the pleuraj impunctate. First abdominal segment not dilated : the apical pale testaceous, impunctate ; the apical ventral segments fringed with pale fulvous hairs. Tibia and tarsi sparingly covered with testaceous hairs ; the apices of femora fuscous.
" Bab. Poena. § . Length 5 mm."
47 Mutilla dissimulanda, Ma(/r. Ann. Mm. Civ. Gen. (2») xii, 1892, p. 219, ?.
2 . Head in front and on the vertex very coarsely rugose, cribrate and reticulate; thorax minutely reticulate ; the plate ot the scutellum wide, scarcely projecting ; the margins and angles of the metathorax above with projecting papillae, its posterior portion longitudinally striate with smaller projecting papiUie ; pleurffi smooth and shining; the Ist abdommal segment above minutely punctured and aciculate, the ventral carina distinct ; the 2nd, 4th, and 5th segments above pubescent, the Hr.st ot these on the ventral side shining, coarsely and densely punctured, tlie remainder minutely transversely striate beneath, their apical
MUTII-LA.
27
margins punctured ; the anal segment minutely longitudina ly striate, its apex emarginate ; legs sparsely pubescent. -Black ; the mandibles in the middle, the scape of the antenna) at base and apex the thorax, trochanters, and basal half of the femora ruto- ferrucrinous ; abdomen opaque, sparsely clothed with black pubes- cence, dense on the 2nd, 4th, and 5th segments above ; the 2nd segment has on its apical margin a narrow, and the 3rd segment a wide transverse band of silljy white pubescence ; the margins of the 3rd, 4th, and 5th ventral segments ciliated with silvery hairs ; the legs sparsely clothed with yellowish pile, the tarsal spines rufo- testaceous.
Hah. Karen Hills, Burma. $ . Length 11 mm.
48. Mutilla rothneyi, Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. xli (1897).
5 . Head and thorax coarsely and closely, and the abdomen finely and closely punctured, the punctures on the head and thorax running into longitudinal striae ; head subquadrate, as wide as the thorax ; eyes very prominent, oval, slightly laterally compressed ; collar much raised, on a level with the head and thorax ; thorax from above rectangular, the sides set with sharp short spines, excavated below and smooth; the median segment with a smgle sharp central spine posteriorly ; abdomen as long as the head and thorax, the basal segment constricted at its posterior margin. Head in front and on the vertex, and the thorax above dark red ; the cheeks behind the eyes, the sides of the thorax, legs and abdomen black, the last 'with black pubescence and five circular pubescent white spots— one at the base above the 1st, two lateral and one central at the posterior margin of the 2nd, and one in the middle of the posterior margin of the 4th segment.
cJ . Closely resembles the ? , but the median segment is larger proportionally and more clearly marked off from the thorax, the lateral and posterior spines are smaller, and the sides of the thorax are more deeply excavated. Colour almost precisely similar, but the red is more diffused over the head, the pleursE are covered with a thin sericeous silvery pile, and there are two additional spots on the abdomen, one in the middle of the apical margin of the 5th, the other on the 6th segment ; wings absent (evidently accidentally lost) in the type and only specimen known.
Hab. Barrackpore. Bengal. ? . Length 8 mm. d . Letigth 9 mm. Types in coll. Eothney.
A very distinct species ; the d is M: contmcta. Cam.
49. Mutilla pandora, Smith, Jour. Linn. Soc. 1858, p. 85, § ; Magr. Ann. Mus. Civ. Gen. (2") xii, 1892, p. 220.
$ . Head anteriorly minutely and closely striate, thorax finely and closely punctured, abdomen densely pubescent; head very little wider than the thorax ; eyes ovate, the outer orbits straighter
28
MTJTILLIDjE.
than the innei"; thorax iu front transverse, posteriorly sbai-ply truiacate, the face of the truncation smooth but opaque. Black, the scape and first joint of the iiagellum of the antenjiae rufeseent ; the vertex and back of tlie head, the thorax, and the base of the 1st abdominal segment red ; three large spots placed in a triangle on the 2nd segment above, a lunate elongate spot in the middle of its posterior margin, a band covering the 3rd segment, and the sides of the apical segment .with silvery white pubescence. Mumil'^ndora, ^^b. Bhamo, Upper Burma {L. Fea); Bor- 5. 6. ueo, Sarawak. 5 . 10 mm.
50. Mutilla kanthellse *, Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Sou. (4) v, 1892, pp. 119, 124.
5 . Head and thorax closely and coarsely, and abdomen finely punctured and pubescent ; head subglobose, not broader than the thorax ; eyes ovate ; thorax from above longish rectangular, the lateral margins crenulate audUghtly emarginate; median segment rounded posteriorly, its lateral angles produced into a sharp well- marked tooth ; abdomen broad, short, much broader than the thorax. Black, a spot on the vertex and the thorax in the middle deep red, the margins of the latter above, in front, and on the sides narrowly black ; abdomen with five pubescent white spots- one at the apex of the basal segment, two sublateral close to the base, and two close to each other on the apical margin of the 2nd
segment. m • n
Hah. KantheUai, Ceylon. ? . Length 12 mm. Type m coll.
Eothney.
51 Mutilla maculiceps, Andre, Jour. Bomb. N. S. Soc. viii, 1893, pp. 468, 481, ? .
P Head, thorax, and abdomen pubescent ; the head, thorax, and '.the basal segment of the abdomen somewhat coarsely punctured ; head not strongly convex in front, compressed and narrowed at the back ; thorax suboval, rounded anteriorly, narrowed and somewhat sloping posteriorly, the sides smooth. Bead, thorax round the margins narrowly, and abdomen black, the thorax along the middle above ferruginous red; antennaj and legs black, the basal two segments of the abdomen beneath obscurely red; the pubescence on the middle of the thorax golden, on the abdomen black • a large spot on the front and vertex of the head, a spot on either side at the base aud two similar smaller ones at the apex of the 2nd abdominal segment, with two still smaller ones on the ard segment, covered with snow-white pubescencej_
Mab. Poona, Bombay Presidency. ? . Length , mm.
* The original spelling of this name, kmUheUai, is a mistake or misprint.
MTJTILLA. 29
52. Mutilla ni^rigena, Andre, Jour. Bomb. N. H. Soc. vm, 1893,
pp. 4G4, 471, 5 .
2 Head, thorax, and abdomen closely and somewhat coarsely punctured, apical segment of the last longitudinally striate above ; head orbicular, convex in front, wider than the thorax ; this Utter sli-htly convex above, rectangular, the sides parallel, its anterior mar<-in more arched than the posterior. Head and abdomen black, the vertex and front of the head and the thorax red ; scape of the antennae and the legs reddish, the flagellum reddish (or black): abdomen with black pubescence, a round spot at the base and a semicircular spot and a frin-e on the apical margin ot the 2nd segment, of white pubescence ; a similar but ill-c ehnecl spot of white pubescence in the middle of the 3rd and 4th segments, and a few scattered white hairs on the sides of and beneath the
segments. 7 oi ^ k
Hah. Canara, Bombay Presidency. ? . Length 6^ to 5 mm.
53. Mutilla reticulata, S^nith, Cat. ill, p. 35, $ .
Q Head and thorax very coarsely cribrate, sparsely covered with erect hairs ; head slightly wider than the thorax ; the eyes ovate and small ; thorax from above rectangular, anteriorly and posteriorly nearly transverse, the sides excavated, the face ot tJie emarginate portions coarsely punctured : abdomen longitudinally deeply sti-iate, pubescent above. Head, legs, and abdomen black, the basal two segments of the last with transverse bands on their apical margins, and the 3rd segment with lengthened lateral spots of silvery pubescence.
Eab. India (Smith). ? . Length 10 mm.
54. Mutilla ocellata, Sauss. Ann. Soc Ent. Fr. 1867, p. 356, pi. 8,
fig. 5, 2 ; Cam. Metn. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) v, 1892, p. 120.
2 . Head, thorax, and abdomen finely and closely punctured, the punctures finer on the abdomen than on the head and thorax; head broad, globose ; eyes oval ; thorax from above rectangular, the anterior and posterior margins nearly transverse, the lateral margins towards the apex crenulate and slightly emarginate ; the pleurte excavated ; pro- and mesopleuroe smooth, metapleuras punctured -, abdomen short, pubescent. Head and abdomen black ; thorax red : the vertex of the head between the eyes, also the forehead, suffused with red ; legs black, the pubescence on them whitish ; a small round median spot at the apex of the 1st, a larger spot at the apex of the 2nd, and another of a size between the two at the apexof the 3rd abdominal segment, of snow-white pubescence, the sides and apex of the abdomen with some white hairs.
Bab. Ceylon. 2 . Length 8-12 mm.
55. Mutilla maculo-fasciata, Sams. Hym. Nov. Beise, p. 107, $ . 2 . Head barely as wide as the thorax, densely punctured,
30 mutillidjIE.
granular; thorax elongate-quadrate, somewhat wide, nearly half as long again as broad, the sides straight, above densely punctured ; the mesopleuriB excavated ; the metapleuras punctured ; 2nd abdominal segment above densely, beneath sparsely punctured; pygidium punctured and striolate. Head black, the vertex and front rufescent; antenna) rufo -fuscous ; mandibles and clypeus fuscous black ; thorax red ; abdomen nigro-fuscous, a spot at the base of the 2nd segment and broad fascia ou the 3rd segment of silvery pubescence, the remaining segments with whitish hairs ; apical" segment red ; legs black, the femora rufescent.
Var. The whole of the head red, the fascia on the 3rd segment rupted in the middle.
Hab. Ceylon ; Timor ; Luzon. ? . Length 7 mm.
56. Mutilla variegata, S)nith, Cat. iii, p. 39, $ .
$ . Head and thorax closely and somewhat coarsely rugose, the punctures running into reticulations on the disc of the thorax ; this latter transverse in front, broadening towards the middle and suddenly and somewhat acutely narrowed posteriorly ; the sides flat, punctured, with a broad oblique ridge in the middle ; abdomen longitudinally, closely, and deeply striate above, pubescent; the 1st ventral segment without a carina. Black, the head, thorax, and legs with griseous, and the abdomen with black pubescence ; the apical margins of the basal three segments with transverse bands of glittering golden hairs, continued on the underside on the 2nd and 3rd, and with a large round spot of the same on the middle of the 2nd segment above.
Eah. Burma, extending up to North Chma. ?. Length 15 mm.
57. Mutilla fuiieraria, SmifJi, Cat. iii, p. 37, $ .
2 . Head and thorax closely and finely punctured ; head about as wide as the thorax; eyes large in proportion, ovate; tborax long anteriorly produced into a collar or neck, posteriorly shghtly narrowed and" steeply sloped, the sides very slightly emarginate and smooth; abdomen still more finely punctured, pubescent above. Black, a lunate mark on the apical margin of the ^nd abdominal segment and the extreme apex of the abdomen with silverv white hairs.
Hah. Northern India (SmitJi). 2 . Length 11 ram.
58 Mutilla arenaria, Fabr. Mant. Ins. i, p. 312, 18; Smith, Cat. iii, p. 9, 53 ; Had. Hor. Soc. Ent. Ross, viii, 1869, p. 242. Mutilla desertorum, Had. Bull. Soc. Aat. 31osc. 1865, p. 452, pi. viii, tig. 4, var. 2 Head, thorax, and abdomen densely pubescent, the pubescence hiding most of the puncturing and sculpture of the body; head orbicular, scarcely so wide as the thorax ; thorax strongly convex above, broader in front than behind, anterioily
MUTILLA.
31
transverse with the lateral angles somewhat rounded, posteriorly concavo-trunoate ; abdomen petiolate, the basal segment smuW, narrowed, much depressed below the base of the 2nd segment ; pygidium longitudinally and coarsely striate. Black, with black pubescence ; a round spot on the front, the thorax above, a medial round spot near the base of the 2ud abdominal segment, a very broad transverse fascia, angularly emarginate in the middle anteriorly, on the apical margin of the same, and an ovate spot at the base of the 6th extending on to the apical margins of the 4th and 5th segments, covered with pale yellowish-white pubescence.
Hab. Karachi ; Bombay. $ . Length 11-15 mm.
*59. Mutilla semiaurata. Smith, Cat. iii, p. 36, 2d-
"$. Length 5 lines (about 11 mm.). Black, the head, meso- thorax anteriorly, metathorax and legs clothed with silvery-white pubescence ; the abdomen densely clothed with bright pale golden pubescence, except the apical segmeut, which is black, and has a central silvery-white pubescent spot ; beneath, the margins of the segments are fringed with silvery hairs, the 2nd segment coarsely puuctiired and having a central longitudinal carina.
" c? . Clothed as in the other sex ; the eyes ovate, the wings dark fuscous, palest towards their base.
" Hab. ludia (Smith)."
60. Mutilla remota. Cam. Mein. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. xli (1897).
2 . Head, thorax, and abdomen coarsely but closely and evenly punctured, pubescent ; thorax suboval, the emarginate hollows on the sides with the keel between them slight, the face of the emarginations as closely and coarsely punctured as the rest of the thorax. Black, the pubescence black: on the tibis and tarsi of the legs and the apex of the median segment golden yellow ; abdomen with broad transverse bands of golden-yellow pubescence on the apical margins of the 1st and 2ncl and the base of the 3rd segment, the 4th segment entirely covered with the same ; the inner orbits narrowly, the outer orbits broadly, and the sides of the pronotum obscure red.
Hab. Trincomali, Ceylon. 5 . Length 15 mm. Tyj)e in coll. Eothney. This species may be the $ of M. exacta. Smith.
61. Mutilla cicatrificera, Andre, Jour. Bomb. N. H. Soc. viii, 1893
pp. 466, 477, $ . '
2 . Head, thorax, and basal two abdominal segments above very coarsely and closely, and the bases of the remaining segments finely punctured; the head and thorax covered with erect fine hairs ; the abdomen densely pubescent ; bead orbicular, strongly convex in front ; thorax from above rectangular, anteriorly trans- verse, but whh a sort of collar between it and the head, the lateral margins crenulate, the apex somewhat sloping ; 2nd ventral
32
segment witb a medial carina at base. Head, thorax, and legs dark red; abdomen black, two large round confluent spots at base above, and the narrow apical margin of the 2nd segment, with broad apical bands on the remaining segments, covered with ferruginous golden pubescence.
Hah. Canara, Bombay Presidency. $ . Length 11 mm.
62. Mutilla aurifrons, Smith, Cat. iii, p. 31, $ .
$. "Length 5 lines (about 11 mm.). Brownish-red, the sides of the thorax and abdomen having some dusky stains ; the face and vertex densely clothed with short bright golden pubes- cence : the antennae ferruginous, having the flagellum fuscous above, except the two or three basal joints. Thorax elongate- ovate, slightly narrowed behind; legs bright ferruginous and having a pale glittering pubescence. Abdomen: the second seg- ment having two minute spots of golden pubescence, its apical margin having a fascia of vellowish-white pubescence, and being notciied in the middle; the following segments ^ have a thick marginal fringe of bright reddish-yellow pubescence."
Hah. India (Smith). Unknown to me.
*63. Mutilla diversa, Smith, Cat. ili, p. 32 ; Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) V, 1892, p. 118.
5 "Head and thorax red, the former rounded at the sides and narrowed anteriorly; antenna and mandibles red, the legs red and having a thin pale ghttering pubescence ; the head and the thorax above thinly covered with erect black hairs, /bdomen black ; the basal segment having a patch and the 2nd and dvd segments an ovate spot on each side on their apical margms ot pale golden pubescence, beneath obscure red."
Hah. India (Smith). ? . Length 4^ lines =about 10 mm.
64 Mutilla dives, Smith, Cat. iii. p. 32, 172, ?; Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) V, 1892, p. 118. 9 Head rather finely longitudinally punctate and thinly nubescent ; thorax more coarsely punctured, from above subrect- ansular, broader posteriorly than in front, the sides emarginate; the pleurjB smooth, with no dividing carina; between the pro-, meso- and raetapleurce ; abdomen densely pubescent above, smooth and shining beneath, the 2nd-5th ventral segments fimbriated along their apical margins. Head and thorax red ; legs dark rufo- Sus; tarsi paler, the pubescence pale golden, the calcana white; abdomen black above with black pubescence the 2nd segment has two lateral elongate oval spots of rich golden pubes- cence the 3rd two quadrate silvery spots, the 5th a silvery spot on the apical margin above in the middle; beneath, the abdomen
is testaceous red. , -, n
Hah. India (Smitli). $ • Length 6-10 mm.
MUTILLA.
33
65. Mutilla chrysoplithalma, King, Symb. Phys., Ins. dec. 1, no. 17,
pi. V, fig. 3 ; Bad. Sich. Mor. S'oc. Ent. Boss. 1869, p. 2.32.
2 . Head, thorax, and abdomen very roughly rugose, with scar- like ridges ; thorax scarcely so broad as the head, rather elongate. Head, thorax, and abdomen red ; head with the occiput covered with black, the front with white pubescence ; thorax above with scattered black hairs ; abdomeu above slightly fuscous, with black pubescence, the 2nd segment with a large round spot on each side, 3rd and 4th segments with a medial smaller spot of golden pubescence ; legs red, with white pubescence.
Hah. Ceylon ; Arabia. 5 . Length 11 mm.
66. MutiUa nudiceps, Andre, Jour. Bomb. N. H. Soc. viii, 189-3,
pp. 46b, 480, ? .
5 . Closely resembles M. agnata, Andre. Differs in having the head red, concolorous with the thorax ; the head and thorax covered with sparse erect brown haii's ; the 1st segment of the abdomen longer, the ferruginous golden pubescence at base of the 2nd segment above reduced to two large, almost confluent round spots, and the legs reddish not ferruginous. The pygidium in M. agnata is punctured, in M. nudiceps longitudinally strongly striate.
Bah. Cauara ; Poona, Bombay Presidency. $ . Length 9- 12 mm.
*67. Mutilla erythrocera, Cmn. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc (4) v, 1892, pp. 118, 131.
$ . "Antennae, head, thorax, and legs for the greater part ferru- ginous ; abdomen black, two large round maculae on the 2nd seg- ment, and the 3rd and 4th segments golden-fulvous. Head coarsely rugosely punctured, and sparsely covered with long blackish hairs ; the hairs on the clypeus pale fulvous ; autenual tubercles shining, impunctate. Palpi testaceous ; eyes small, oval, in length about as long as the third antenna! joint, and situated before the lateral middle line of the head, i. e. the space behind them is greater than in front. Vertex roundly convex. The third antennal joint not quite twice the length of the fourth, which is longer than the second. Head wider than the thorax. Thorax more coars(!ly punctured than the head ; the mesonotum impunctate ; the pro- and metapleurae rugose ; the sides of the mesothorax rough, very slightly concave ; eyes [? sides] of median segment bluntly serrate. Abdomen about as long as the head and thorax united ; the hairs on the 1st and 2nd segments black. Pygidium apparently finely punctured ; ventral segment fringed with fulvous hairs. Legs : femora and coxre piceous ; tibiae and tarsi ferruginous ; the tibial spines (6 in a row) black ; the hair long, and pale fulvous.
"■Hah. Poona {Wroiighton). J. Length 9 mm." Unknown to me.
TOL. I.
34
MUTILLIDjE.
68. Mutilla regia, Smith, Cat. iii, p. 88, 2 .
Mutilla comottii, Orihoclo, Ann. Mua. Civ. Gen. (2*) i, 1884, p. 365, 2 .
$ . Head and thorax closely and not very coarsely, abdomen more finely punctured ; bead "globular, eyes larfje, oval ; thorax above slightly convex, the lateral margins crenulate ; the meso- and meta])leiir£e excavated, smooth and shining ; median segment rounded posteriorly, with a very steep slope to the apex ; abdomen long, longer than the head and thorax, pubescent. Head and thorax red; abdomen deep cerulean blue, a circular spot on the middle of the pronotum anteriorly and four spots along the median line of the abdomen (one basal, one apical on the 2nd segment, and an apical one on the 4th and 5th) of white silvery pubescence, a line on the apical margin and the sides of the 2nd segment also with silvery white pubescence.
Hab. Northern India. ? . Length 9-11 mm. Type in the British Museum. .
I cannot find any points of difference between M. regia, bmith, and M. comottii, Gribodo.
69. Mutilla sestuans, Gerst. Peters, Reise, Mosamb.Y,j. 487, pi. 31, fig. G, ? ; Rad. ^ Sich. Ear. Soc. Ent. Ross, vi, 1869, p. 223. 9 . Head and thorax rugose, strongly punctured ; abdomen subsessile, pubescent ; eyes ovate ; thorax subquadrate, lightly constricted in tbe middle, truncate posteriorly ; 1st ventral segment armed with two teeth and with the carina slight y emarginate. Head and thorax red; abdomen black, with black pubescence; antennae reddish, legs dark brown ; 2nd abdominal segment with a round spot of white pubescence on each side near the base and the 3rd and 4th segments with broad medially interrupted
bands of the same. r^ r jt r>
Hab. Oeylon; Mozambique; South Africa. ?. Length b-
12 mm.
YO Mutilla aurifex. Smith, New Sp. Bym. B M. p. 198, 5 S\ Cam. Mem. Maneh. L. Ph. Soc. (4) v, 1892, p. 117. 2 Head a.nd thorax coarsely longitudinally punctured ; abdo- men densely pubescent above, beneath smooth and shining, rather Sy puncLkd, tbe posterior margins of the 2nd-5th segments fimbriated; eyes smaU subovate ; thorax from above irregularly Sigula;, somewhat broader anteriorly than at the apex, the I^t raTmar'gins with a strong conical tooth m the middle ; the nleurae smootb, tbe pleural carina well developed. Hp^d ana thora? red the antenna and legs brown, with golden pubescence abdomen biack with black pube'scence, a spot, «to a pom nosterioriv at tbe base of the 1st segment, a broad band at the base of the 2nd'and the 3rd and 4th segments above completers covered 4? goldek pubescence ; the ba/d at the base o f id gmen^^ is bi-emarginate posteriorly, and there is a hue of black pubescence
MUTILLA.
35
down the micldlo of the 3rd and 4th segments ; the fimbria on the segments beneath golden.
similar, but wants the pubescent spot on the basal, and the black median line on the 3rd and 4th abdominal segments. It has also the median segment covered with golden pubescence, the sides of the segment being laterally flattened and depressed, and its posterior lateral angles tuberculate ; the scutellum is prominent, projecting posteriorly, the margin incised and bearing a strong lateral tooth on each of its posterior angles ; wings hyaline at base, fuscous beyond.
Hah. Bombay. $. Length 11-14 mm. <S . Length 15-16; exp. 32-34 mm.
71. Mutilla humbertiana, Smiss. Ann. Soc. Evt. Fr. 1867, p. 353, pi. 8, fig. 2, 9 ; Had. &■ Sich. Sor. Soc.Ent. Soss. vi, 1869, p. 305.
2 . Head and thorax strongly and coarsely punctured, abdomen pubescent ; head as wide as the thorax, orbicular ; thorax rectan- gular, slightly constricted in the middle, transverse in front, roundly truncate posteriorly. Head and thorax of an obscure dark red ; abdomen black, 2nd segment with a broad band at base and a narrow one on its apical margin, both bands medially inter- rupted, and 3rd segment with a complete band, of golden yellow pubescence ; anal segment punctured and fringed with golden yellow hairs : antennae reddish, with their apical joints black ; legs brown, ciliated with golden hairs.
Hah. Trincomali, Ceylon. $ . Length 10-14 mm.
72. Mutilla ulacida, Sm.ith, New Sp. Hym. B. M. p. 198, $ ; Cam.
Mem. Maiich. L. Ph. Soc. (4) t, 1892, p. V20.
2 . Head small, not so wide as the thorax ; the latter subovate, almost kite-shaped, being broad and rounded anteriorly and very considerably narrowed towards the apex, the lateral marsfins crenidate, toothed in the middle ; head and thorax coarsely longi- tudinaDy punctured, the pleurae emarginate and as coarsely punctured as the rest of the thorax. Head, thorax, and legs red ; abdomen black, with black pubescence ; the basal segment con- stricted and campanulate, forming a sort of pedicel to the rest of the abdomen ; the basal three segments with broad transverse bands of golden pubescence, above, on their apical margins.
Hah. Bombay. $. Length 12 mm. Type in the British Museum.
73. Mutilla aureo-ruhra, Bad. ^ Sich. Hor. Soc. Ent. Ross, vi, 1869,
p. 304. ' Mutilla egregia, Sauss. (nec Klug) Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr. 1867, p. 351, pi. 8, fig. 1, $ .
2 . Head, thorax, and basal two segments of the abdomen coarsely punctured, the rest of the abdomen more sparsely and finely punctured; head nearly as wide as the thorax; thorax
d2
36 MUTIIiLlDiE.
elongate, rounded anteriorly, constricted posteriori}', carrying a little before the middle on each side a pointed tubercle ; 1st abdominal segment petiolate, swollen posteriorly. Head and thorax dark red ; abdomen black, sparsely pubescent ; antennaj black ; legs black, ciliated with golden yellow hairs ; the 2nd and 3rd ab- dominal segments with transverse bands oi! golden pubescence. Eah. Trincomali, Ceylon. $ . Length 13-1 5 mm.
74. Mutilla trichocondyla, Andre, Jow. Bomh. N. II. Snc. viii, 1893, pp. 468. 483, 5 .
5 . Head, thorax, and the 2nd abdominal segment coarsely reticulate ; head and thorax sparsely pubescent with stiff hairs, abdomen densely pubescent ; head square, very nearly as broad as the thorax, the occiput transverse ; thorax from above broader anteriorly than posteriorly, with two blunt triangular teeth on each side, the hinder the smaller, the posterior margin roundly truncate ; the base of the 2nd abdominal segment bare and smooth. Black, the head and thorax dark red, the latter with the sides and apex narrowly edged with black, the scape of the antenna? and the leo-s brownish red, the flagellum ferruginous ; the posterior margin of'' the 2nd, the whole of the 3rd, and the sides of the 2nd-5th abdominal segments covered with golden yellow pubescence, the band on the 2nd segment shghtly interrupted in the middle.
Hab. Canara, Bombay Presidency. $ . Length 13 mm.
75 Mutilla bicincta, Sauss. Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr. 1867, p. 355, pi. 8, fig. 4 ; Rad. Sf Sich. Ror. Soc. Ent. Ross, vi, 1869, p. 306.
9 Head and thorax somewhat finely punctured, abdomen pubescent; head as wide as the thorax, orbicular ; thorax from above broadly rectangular, with a slight constriction in the middle ; abdomen subsessile. Head and thorax red ; abdomen black, the posterior margins of the 2nd and 3rd segments with transverse bands of golden pubescence ; the ventral carina on the 1st segment emarginate and studded with golden hairs ; legs for the greater part red, with golden pubescence.
Hab. Ceylon. 2 . Length 13 mm.
76 Mutilla kauarae, Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc (4) v, 1892, pp. 119, 134.
9 Head thorax, and abdomen coarsely punctured, the head anci abdomen pubescent, the punctui-es on the thorax running into longitudinal strias, the pronotum anteriorly widely arched or sub- angular the median segment posteriorly truncate, the truncation slightly convex, the sides of the thorax deeply emarginate, smooth ; abdomen broad, not longer than the head and thorax united. Head, thorax, and legs red, abdomen black; the head and a broad trans- verse band on the posterior margins of the 2nd and 3rd abdominal segments covered with dense ferruginous golden pubescence ; the
MUTILLA.
37
apex of the median segment, the legs, the base of the Ist abdominal spginent, and the posterior margins ot the 3rd and apical segments with erect golden hairs, the vest of the pubescence fuscous.
Hah. Ceylon. ? . Lenxjtli U mm. Type in coll. llothney.
77. Mutilla atomus, Andre, Jour. Bomb. N. H. Sue. viii, 1893, pp. 463, 473,?.
$ . Head, thorax, and abdomen finely punctured, the punctures close on the thorax, more sparse on the head and abdomen ; head orbicular, eves rather small, antennte massive, the head not quite so wide as the thorax ; the thorax from above rectangular, slightly compressed in the middle, obliquely sloping at apex ; abdomen with the apical segment longitudinally finely striate. Head, thorax, antennae, and legs ferruginous red ; abdomen black, the 2nd and following segments with bands, slightly enlarged in the middle, of white pubescence; of these bands, that on the 2nd segment only is well-marked, the others probably through attrition are ill-defined.
Hah. Canara, Bombay Presidency. ? • Lengili 3 mm.
*78. Mutilla denticollis, Motsch. Bull. Sac. Nat. Mosc. xxxvi, pt. 2, 1863, p. 22, ? .
" Opaque with a granular appearance, sparsely pubescent, red, with abdomen acuminate, blacif, a narrow fascia posteriorly, and the apex with a little white pubescence, 1st segment broadly brown in the middle : antennas and legs rufo-testaceous ; head round, convex, rugosely punctured ; eyes large, black, not very prominent ; thorax very little wider than the head, elongate, rectangular, rugose with" a granular appearance, prominent, the lateral margins with six teeth, slightly constricted in the middle, the lateral angles produced ; abdomen conical, densely punctured ; the tibiae pilose and furnished posteriorly with four long spines."
Hah. Nuwara Eliya, Ceylon. $ . Lengili 2i lines=about 6 mm.
*79. Mutilla coromandelica, Motsch. Bull. Soc. Nat.'Mosc. xxxvi, pt. 2, 18G3, p. 23 ; C'a??i. Mem. Manth. L. Ph. Soc. (4) v, 1892, p. 118.
$ . Closely resembling 3L denticollis, Motsch., but narrower, more slender, with the sides of the thorax not dentate. Coloration similar to M. denticollis, but the abdomen without the brown tint anteriorly.
Hah. Madura, Southern India. Unknown to me.
*80. Mutilla veda, Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) v, 1892, pp. 123, 1.30.
2 . Very closely allied to M. serratvla, Cam. (p. 26) : differs in having the head red, and in having a spot on the 2nd abdominal segment ; the pygidium is clothed with fulvous hairs ; the thorax
38
MUTILLIDJE.
has laterally a broad tooth roundly mcised at the apex, the sides are not contracted nor serrate, only waved, and the median segment ia rounded,
Hab. Poona (Wroughion). $. Lenc/th 5 mm. Unknown to me.
*81. Mutilla pusilla, Smith, Cat. iii, p. 37, ? .
" ? . Length 2 lines (about 5 mm.). Head, thorax, and legs ferru- ginous ; head about the same width as the thorax and strongly punctured. Thorax obloDg-quadrate, roughly punctured; legs pale rufo-testaceous, the femora, tibicB, and joints of the tarsi palest towards then- bases ; the legs sprinkled with a bright glitter- ing silvery white pubescence ; the calcaria white. Abdomen black, the extreme base and apex ferruginous ; the 2nd segment having at its base a central ovate spot of golden pubescence ; its apical margin fringed with silvery hairs, also a spot of the same colour in the middle of the following segments ; beneath, the margins of the segments fringed with silvery hairs."
Hab. Northern India (Smith).
82. Mutilla lunarifasciata, AjidrS, Jour. Bomb. N. H. Soc. yiii, 1893, pp. 466, 470, ? .
5 . Head, thorax, and abdomeu closely punctured, the punctures fine on the head, rather coarser on the t:.orax and base of the 2ncl abdominal segment, with a tendency on the thorax to form longi- tudinal striffi ; abdomen densely pubescent ; head orbicular, strongly convex in front ; thorax irregularly quadrangular, strongly convex above, anteriorly and posteriorly rounded, the sides waved at the uDper margius, the posterior margm denticulate, with a sliort spine in the middle. Head and thorax dark reddish terrugmous, the scape of the antennae brownish, the flagellum black; the .legs pale ferruginous, with scattered yellow hairs ; abdomen black, with black pubescence, Isb segment nearly covered by a large triangular spot, extending on to the base of the 2nd segment, of golden yellow pubescence, apical margins of the 2nd and 3rd segments with transverse lunate spots of the same pubescence, and the apical secernent with a few yellow hairs..
''Eab. Colaba, Bombay. 2 • Length 7 mm.
83. Mutilla puerilis, Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. xli (1897).
9 Head broad, subquadrate above ; eyes rather smaU, subcircular, the upper part slightly narrowed and prolonged upwards and Sis ; Lad coisely and rather distantly, t^^x d^^^^^^ coarsely, and abdomen iinely punctured, pubescen ; thorax from above oblong, the lateral margins lightly creuulate, the sides Wrongly eTc^'aVated, smooth, the^ex rounded ; the pronotum in
out almost transverse, the anterior latera angles sli^ Head and thorax red, the face above the base of the antenna.
ilUTILLA.
39
sli'rhtly fuscous; abdomen black with black pubescence, a large central spot of pale golden pubescence on the apical margins of the first tbree segments above, and the extreme apex of the abdomen clothed with white hairs. _ „ -r, ^,
Hah. Ceylon. $ . Length 8 mm. Type m coll. Jiothney.
*S4. Mutilla poonaensis, Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Sue. (4) v, 1892, pp. 121, 129.
$ . " Head, thorax, and base of abdomen rufo-testaceous ; abdo- men black, with a purplish gloss, a small white mark on the second segment near the base and a baud on its apex glistening white. Anteunaj of moderate length, stout, the third joint not much longer than the fourth. Head a little broader than the thorax, closely and coarsely punctured, covered with white gUstening hairs ; the antennal tubercles impunctate ; eyes large, oblong, reaching quite close to the head. Thorax much more closely punctiu-ed than the head ; the prothorax rounded in front ; the median segment with a gradual rounded slope to the apex, coarsely punc- tured ; mesopleurae shining, impunctate ; the thorax covered with longish, fuscous to ghstening white hairs. Abdomen subpetiolate, naiTOwed at the base ; pygidium impunctate, covered with long fuscous and white hairs. ' Legs covered with long white hairs ; the calcaria white. The sides of the thorax slightly narrowed from base to apex.
" Eab. Poena ( Wroughton). $ . Lenc/th 6 mm." Unknown to
me.
*85. Mutilla rufiventris. Smith, Cat. ill, p. 36 ; Catn. Me7n. Manch. L. Fh. Soc. (4) V, 1892, p. 121.
2 . " Head, thorax, and legs ferruginous ; head subovate, rather wider than the thorax, sparingly and finely punctured, antennaj ferruginous. Thorax oblong, longitudinally rugose; legs rufo- testaceous, varying in depth of colour and having a sparing glittering white pubescence. Abdomen, the basal segment has an ovate spot in the middle of its apical margin, and in the middle of the apical margins of the 2nd and 3rd segments is a half-circular spot of silvery white pubescence; the entire abdomen thinly sprinkled with long white hairs ; the extreme apex of the abdomen as well as beneath ferruginous.
" Hah. India {coll. W. W. Saunders, Esq.)." ? . Length 2-3 lines =about 4-.5-7 mm.
86. Mutilla auropalliata, Andrd, Jour. Bomb. N. H. Soc viii, 1893, pp. 467, 482, $ .
2 . Head, thorax, and basal two segments of the abdomen coarsely punctured, the head and the anterior two-thirds of the thorax above densely pubescent, the pubescence hiding the sculp- turing ; head orbicular, convex in front, about as broad as the thorax ; the thorax ovate, somewhat rounded in front, narrowed
40
MUTIIjLIDjE,
posteriorly, the basal segment of the abdomen much narrowed, tiat aud somewhat obliquely truncate anteriorly and constricted at its apical margin. Head, thorax, legs, and basal segment of abdomen dark red, the rest of the abdomen black with black pubescence, the red colour on the head and anterior two-thirds of the thorax above covered with dense matted pale gold pubescence; the basal half of the 2nd abdominal segment dark red iu certain lights, with a medial round spot at its base and three similar sub- apical spots above covered with silvery pubescence. Hub. Poona. 5 • Length 8'5 mm.
*87. Mutilla optima. Smith, Cat. iii. p. 34, 2 .
$ . " Length 3 Hues ( = 7 millim.). Head, thorax, and legs ferru- ginous ; the pubescence on the face silvery, that on the vertex gold-coloured ; tips of the mandibles piceous. Thorax subovate, narrowed behind, thinly sprinkled with golden hairs, aud having at the sides a few long black and also a few white ones ; the legs have a glittering silvery pubescence ; the spines which arm the intermediate and posterior tibise externally, and also those at the upex of the joints of the tarsi, black; the calcaria pale testaceous. A-bdomen black ; the basal joint red, and having a spot above, a second ovate spot at the base of the 2nd segment and a third at its apex in the middle, and a larger one at each side, of bright guttering silvery pubescence ; the 3rd segment has a central spot of the same colour and brilliancy ; beneath rufo-piceous at the base, and having the apical margins of the 2nd and 3rd segments fringed with silvery white pubescence."
Ilab. India {Smith).
*88. Mutilla pulchriventris, Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc (4) v,
1892, pp. 121, 127.
2 . " Head and antennaj red, the latter covered on the top thickly with pale golden pubescence, hiding the ground-colour; thorax dull red ; abdomen, a small spot longer than broad at the base and two broader than long on the apex of the 2nd segment, white ; legs red, the femora and tibiae more or less purple. Head wider than the thorax ; eyes large, oval, reaching quite close to the top of the head .... Thorax elongate, rounded at the base and apex, concave near the middle, distinctly narrowed towards the apex, above coarsely punctured ; the median seguient with the punctures larger, deeper, rounder, and more widely separated ; pleurae coppery, the meso covered thickly with white hair ; the mesonotum with long black hair, and with a short white glistening sparse pubes- cence Abdomen oval, wider than the thorax, narrowed at base and apex, closely punctured and bearing long black hairs ; pygi- diam impunctate, from the apex of the penultimate segment spring two masses of white hair. Legs covered with pale hair ; there are three rows of tibial spines, the calcaria white.
Hab. Poona {Wroughtoyi). Length 9 mm." Unknown to me.
41
89 Mutilla metallica, Cam. Mem. Maneh. L. Fh. Soc. (4) v, 1892, pp. 120, 128. ' 0 Closely allied to M. regia. Smith ; differs in the head and thora"x bein/so>newhat more coarsely punctured, the pronotum anteriorly and the n.edian segment posteriorly more rounded, and thrbasal sec^mentof the abcbmen narrowed at base almost into a short petiole. Head and thorax of a darker red than mM. regra, Jhe head' above and in front with glistening go den pubescence; abdomen deep ca3rulean blue, a spot at the base ot the secernent, two spots in the middle at its margin, and two sma ler spots laterally at the base of the 4th segment, of white pubes- cence.
Eab. Trincomali, Ceylon. $ . Length b mm.
90. Mutilla perelegans, Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. xli (1897).
9 Head, thorax, and abdomen rugosely punctured, the punctures lar^e deep, oblong, and almost confluent m places on the head, hoi, and sides ^of the 2nd abdominal segment ; the head a d thorax with a thin covering of erect stiff hairs ; the ^^des o the thorax excavated above the intermediate and above and a little behind the anterior coxa3, with a strong keel between the excavated portions, these latter smooth. Head and thorax red, the erect stiff hairs black, the pubescence beneath and on the legs glittering golden yellow; abdomen black, with black pubescence, a median circular spot of ferruginous pubescence close to the base of the 2Dd segment above, and a lateral oblong spot of golden pubescence at its posterior margin, 3rd segment above entirely covered with
srolden pubescence. . • i „
6 . Similar, but the median segment posteriorly emai- ginate, the sides prolonged backwards into conical well-marked tubercles ; the 2nd abdominal segment wants the spot of ferruginous pubescence at base, but has the lateral marginal spots nearly meeting in the centre above, and the 4th as well as the 3rd segment is clothed with golden pubescence ; \^'ing dark fuscous, hyaline at
^^%ib Western and Southern India ; Tenasserim. 2 . Length 12 mm. 6 . Length 17 ; exp. 21 mm. Type in coll. Eothney.
91. Mutilla pulclirtua, S7nith, Cat. iii, p. 34, 2 .
2 Head and thorax coarsely cribrate, with a few scattered haire"; eves small, nearly round ; thorax rectangular, more rounded in front than posteriorly, the sides slightly excavate with two blunt proiections along the upper margin, from each ot which an oblique carina crosses the pleurae ; abdomen coarsely pu"ctared ; the 1st 2nd, 5th, and following segments with sparse, and the 3rd and 4th with dense pubescence; the 1st ventral segment strongly carinated down t"he middle. Head, thorax, and legs dark purplish red ; abdomen black, with black pubescence, the pubescence on the 3rd and 4th segments rich golden yellow.
t
42 MUTILLIDiE.
d" similar, with similar pubescence ; the median segment short, reticulate, the sides produced back into long sharp tubercles. Head, thorax in front, and the legs red; median segment and abdomen black ; an additional band of yellow pubescence on the apical margin of the 2ud segment ; wings clear hyaline at base, fuscous beyond the basal nervure in the fore and the anal cell in the hind wing.
Hah. Madras. $. Length VJ vam. S. Len(jthl5; e.-t7j/9. 28 mm.
92. Mutilla taylori, Andre, Jour. Bomb. N. H. Sac. viii, 1893, pp. 467,
409, 2,
5 . Head and thorax coarsely punctured and sparsely covered with erect hairs, abdomen more densely pubescent ; head nearly as wide as the thorax, orbicular ; thorax rectangular, the sides parallel, irregularly denticulate ; posterior margin transverse, denticulate above, with the middle tooth produced into a spine ; sides of the thorax smooth, posteriorly shining, finely and closely punctured ; 2nd abdouiinal segment densely punctured. Head brown, the front and vertex and the thorax red ; scape of the antennae and the basal joint of the flagellum, and the legs obscurely red ; abdomen black, an oval spot in the middle of the 1st, a semi- circular one at the apical margin of the 2nd, and a smaller one at the apical margin of the 3rd segment, of white pubescence.
Hah. Orissa (Taylor). Length 5 mm.
93. Mutilla argentipes, Sjnith, Cat. iii, p. 31, $ .
$ . Head, thorax, and basal two abdominal segments coarsely reticulate punctate, the rest of the abdomen less coarsely punctured ; head small, orbicular, not nearly so -wide as the tborax ; thorax much broader in front tlian posteriorly, anteriorly rounded, pos- teriorly roundly truncate, with an acute prominent tubercle on each side before the middle; abdomen petiolate, basal segment short, campanulate, its posterior margin much depressed below the roundly truncate anterior margin of the 2nd abdominal segment. Obscurely fuscous brown, with sparse fuscous pubescence, the thorax gradually changing into ferruginous posteriorly and covered with sparse short golden pubescence; basal two-thirds of the 2nd abdominal segment also ferruginous, with golden pubescence ; a large round spot on the head, a spot in the middle of the 2nd abdominal segment, and a spot on each side near the apical margin, also a smaller round spot in the middle of each of the following three segments, covered with silvery white pubescence ; legs black, with a little silvery pubescence above.
Hah. Bombay. $ . Length 9-12 mm.
94. Mutilla opulenta. Smith, Cat. iii, p. 34, c? •
cJ. Head coarsely punctured, densely pubescent above and on the front, a hollow on each side of the base of the antenna) leading
43
MUTILLA.
to the clvpeus, the depression and the clypeus smooth and shming and weuC V the pkne of the front above the anterina. ; horax coar eS and elosely punctured and densely pubescent : the scutellum J^th the sides rai/ed obliquely and forming a tubercle at the apex ; median segm^ above wide, Oat, transversely truncate posteriorly tTe s"des emarginate; abdomen coarsely punctured, the apical margins of all tL segments ato and of the apical six beneath 3trausverse densely pubescent bands. B ack, the base o he mandibles, the clypeus, the scape ot the antenn^, ^gul^e t^^ wings, the legs, and the basal segment of the abdomen chestnut- the pubescence rich chrome-yellow, on the ^eut.eUum and apical two abdominal seg.nents rufo-fuscous ; wmgs clear hyahne • af base, fuscous suffused with purplish beyond the basal nervure in the fore, and the anal cell in the hind wing.
Hah. India {Smith). S ■ Length 17 ; exp. 28 ram.
95 Mutilla schlettereri, Maffr. Ann. Mus. Civ. Gen. (2') xli, 1892, p. 230, d .
d Head and front longitudinally finely striate, with a narrow impressed line from the anterior ocellus to between the bases of the antennse; thorax rugosely punctm-ed, the punctures on the scutellum fine and delicate; the median segment rounded posteriorly, with a steep slope, narrowed towards the apex and delicately reticulate; abdomen very finely punctured. Black, covered with a thin, short, erect, silvery pubesence, the posterior half, sometimes the whole, of the 1st abdominal segment and the 2nd and 3rd Fig. b.—Mufilla segments red, the pubescence forming schlettereri, S . \. transverse, somewhat ill-defined bands on the apical margins of the 4th and 5th segments above; wings light fusco-hyaline, clearer towards the base ; the tegulse very large, lamellar, and testaceous along their outer margins.
Hah. Karen Hills, Burma ; Sikhim, 1000 ft. d . Length 11-12 ; e.vp. 24 mm. A very distinct species.
96. Mutilla stepliani, Magr. Ann. Mus. Civ. Gen. (2") xii, 1892, p. 227, d.
d. Head, the vertex minutely rugose punctate; mesonotum above coarsely and deeply punctured, bearing four longitudinal, parallel, more or less distinctly marked and broad lines, with also a medial carina ; median segment widely reticulate, with a central longitudinal furrow at base; abdominal segments sparsely and minutely punctured, the basal three shining, the second bearing a prominent transversely compressed gibbosity above, the ventral carina on the basal segment barely projecting, sublinear ; the
44
MUTILLID^,
pleur£e, legs, and part of the margins of the ventral segments of the abdomen with yellowisli-grey pile. Black, the basal three segments widely rufo-ferruginoiis ; bead in front, cheeks, and clypeus covered with silvery, the vertex with golden pile ; the pronotum on its posterior margin widely, the base of the median segment and submarginal fascias on the 3rd and 4tb abdominal segments clothed with pale golden-yellow pile ; wngs smoky violaceous, the base hyaline; the tegiilfE broad, nigro-piceous.
liah. Karen Hills, Burma, c? . Length 12-16 mm.
Fig. Q.—MutiUa siephani, J. ^.
97. Mutilla analis, Lepel. Hym. ill, p. 630 ; Bad. Sc Sich. Hor. Soc. Ent.
JRoss. vi, 1869, p. 284; Maffi: Ann. Mm. Civ. Gen. (2*) xii, 1892, p. 222.
d . Head, thorax, and abdomen pubescent, the pubescence on the median segment dense, short, and matted ; head above shining, finely punctured; mesonotum strongly punctured, rugose, with longitudinal cariuje ; scutellum tuberculate, not so prominently as in M. dimidiata ; median segment reticulate, roundly truncate posteriorly, with a central longitudinal and two lateral outwardly divergent short carinse at base ; abdomen above sparsely punctured, the punctures shallow. Black, the pubescence silvery, the basal four segments of the abdomen red, the base of the 1st segment fuscous black ; wings dark fusco-hyaline, clearer towards their base.
Bab. Bengal; Kumaun ; Delhi; Allahabad; Madras; Pegu Hills, Lower Burma ; Bhamo, Upper Burma ; Tenasserim ; Ceylon, c? . Length 11-13 ; ex/j. 26-28 mm.
98. Mutilla suhanalis, Map: Ann. Mm. Civ. Gen. (2") xii, 1892,
p. 223, 6.
<S . Head and thorax coarsely, abdomen sparsely punctured and shining ; head, on the face, front and vertex, the pronotum, the mesopleura3, and the median segment above densely, the scutelluiu and legs less densely pubescent ; the front between the antennae furnished with a short spinous process ; posterior margin of the pronotum slightly arched ; mesonotum with two parallel longi- tudinal shallow furrows, the posterior lateral angles slightly raised and prominent ; scutellum somewhat raised and rounded ; the tegula3 of the wing large and dilated. Black, the abdomen rufo- ferruginous, the 1st, 6th, and 7th segments black ; the pubescence on the head and thorax silvery grey, darker on the scutellum and legs ; on the first five abdominal segments it is fulvous, deepemng to golden yellow on their posterior margins, and black on the apical two segments ; wings light fuscous, their base hyaline, the
MUTILLA.
45
fore wing iridescent; the radial cell short, the apex truncate, three complete cubital cells not extending beyond the apex of the radial cell.
Hah. Upper Burma. 6 ■ Length 9-10 ; exp. 21 mm.
99. Mutilla tornatorei, Magr. Ann, Mm. Civ. Gen. (2") xii, 1892,
p. 230, d-
d . Eesembles M. anaUs, Lepel., but is a stouter-built insect, with the head and thorax more punctured and rugose, the median seo-ment with wider coarser reticulations, and the sparse puncturing on^the abdomen confined to the basal two segments, rest of the segments smooth and shining. Black, the 2nd, 3rd, and 4th abdo- minal segments, and apical two-thirds of the 5th above red ; wings dark fuscous, clearer and hyaline towards base
Hab. Eangoon district. Lower Burma, c? • Length 12 ; exy. 26 mm.
100. Mutilla pilosella, Mayr. Ann. Mus. Civ. Gen. (2") xii, 1892,
p. 220, d .
cJ . Head and thorax coarsely rugose punctate ; inner orbits of the eyes triangularly emarginate ; posterior uiai'gin of the pro- notum obtusely arc-hed ; mesonotum above longitudinally bisulcate ; scutellum raised, prominent, its apex obtuse ; tegulse of the wings large and shining : abdomen smooth and shining. Black ; head, thorax, and legs clothed with a dense white pubescent pile ; the first five abdominal segments red, covered with white and yellow pile ; wings with more than the apical half fuscous, the base subhyaline, the fore wing with three complete cubital cells, the radial cell lanceolate, its apex slightly rounded ; tegulae piceous.
Eab. Upper Burma. 6 . Length 10 ; exp. 22 mm.
101. Mutilla unifasciata, Smith, Cat. iii, p. 38, S ■
c? . Head and thorax anteriorly closely and coarsely punctured, the punctures running into reticulations on the vertex and meso- notum, the disc of the latter with five parallel longitudinal carinas ; scutellum prominent, raised ; median segment depressed, coarsely and widely reticulate, shghtly narrowed posteriorly, with a steep slope to the apex, and three central parallel longitudinal carinaa from base ; the whole head and legs covered very sparingly with long soft hairs ; abdomen, the basal two segments distantly punc- tured and very slightly pubescent, the 3rd segment densely, the remaining segments slightly pubescent. Black, the basal two segments bright red, the pubescence silvery white, on the apical four segments black ; wings fuscous, hyaline at base.
Hah. Northern India {Smith). J . Length 16 ; exp. 36 mm.
102. Mutilla josepM, Magr. Ann. Mus. Civ. Gen. (2*) xii, 1892,
p. 228, d.
(S . Vertex of the head shining, scarcely punctured, the front
4(5 MUTILLIDJB.
densely pubescent; pro- and mesonotum and disc of scutellum licrhtly punctured, sparsely pubescent, dense y so on the ^r^^^P^ f the pronotum ; median segment sparsely pilose, broadly retieula e and punctured, bearing a wide lanceolate iurrow ; the d.^c of the mesonotum with two longitudinally impressed lines; the basal and 2nd segments of the abdomen above shining, somewha smooth the 2ud and remaining segments densely punctured Wath; wings dark fuscous, effulgent; the 1st ventral segmen Taiiear, somewhat prominent carina. Black; the base and anica margin of the 1st abdominal segment, and more than half «i base abo e and below of the 2nd, with the apex of the scape ot t e antennse and the tegula of the wings widely, rufo-ierruginous ; the marZ of the 2nd abdominal segment, and wide fasciae on the 3rd and 4th segments covered with golden pubescence, the ap.ca Lgments with black pubescence ; the pubescence on the head and
''S.'Sn Hills, Burma. 6 • Len.tn 1 2 ; e.p. 26 mm.
103 MutiUa grihodoi, Magr. Ann. Mus. Civ. Gen. (2') xii, 1692, p. 229, c?.
^ Head pro- and mesonotum, and scutellum coarsely and densely punctate, the punctures running into reticulations ; the lutellum somewhat raised and gibbous ; the mesonotum with two WleHmp^ lines, postscutellum rugose, substriolate ; median LgS w th a lanceolate furrow above, but on account of he segment, witu i- . • _„i„i,„i,ie • the ventral carina on the 1st
S th it s omeaX^dely, r„to-terrugmo,,,, often ent.rely bl.ck 12 mm.
104 MutiUa handlirsclii, Magr. Ann. Mus. Civ. Gen. (2J xii, 1892, p. 227, d •
^ Vertex of the head opaque, sparsely pubescent ; pronotum „i„g. ligU fu-o^jf rlt*. sparsely
47
gibbous. Black, the basal two and base of the Srd abdommal segment red, the pubescence griseous. Hah. Karen Hills. 6 • Length 5 mm.
105 Mutilla emergenda, Magr. Ann. Mus. Civ. Gen. (2") xii, 189:3, p. 22:2, c?.
The front near tlie base of the antennse mcrassate and nroiecting; the vertex of the head punctured ; pronotum opaque reticulate and rugose; mesonotum above shining, coarsely and deeply punctured, bearing two deep parallel long.tudLual furrows ; the median dorsal line slightly raised, the two lateral ones obso- letely marked; scutellum raised, prominent, obscurely spined, coarsely punctured, its apex smooth and shining, obliquely trun- cate; the posterior lateral angles of the mesonotum at apex sli-htly raised and prominent; tegulse of the wings large bell- shaped. Black, head in front, cheeks, pronotum, the mesopleurm and the legs with long and sparse, and the metanotum with short and dense silvery white pubescence ; 1st abdominal segment black, shining, and smooth, sparsely and coarsely punctured at wide intervals, its posterior margin ferruglnons, with "'I'ite Pubescence ; 2nd-5th segments rufo-ferruginous, the apical half of the 5th black, with white pubescence; apical two segments black, with black pubescence ; wings obscurely fusco-violaceous, the fore wmg with three complete cubital cells.
ffab. Upper Burma. 6 ■ Length 12 mm.
106 Mutilla indostana, Smith, Cat. iii, p. 33 ; Cam. Mem. Manch L. Ph. Soc. (4) V, 1892, p. 119.
c? . Head somewhat finely, thorax more coarsely punctured and rugose ; mesonotum convex, broad, with three longitudinal parallel carina ; scutellum tuberculate, rising to an acute point posteriorly : median segment flattish above, depressed below the level of the postscutellum, broad and somewhat square, sharply but obliquely truncate posteriorly, the whole surface coarsely reticulate, a medial broad line from base above, not reaching the verge of the truncation, smooth, bordered by parallel carinte ; abdomen, the basal two segments rather coarsely, the remainder more finely punctured. Black, the 2nd-5th segments of the abdomen red; the head, thorax, median segment, legs, base and apex of the abdomen studded with black, the 2nd-5th segments with glittering golden yellow hairs ; wings very dark fuscous with a purple effulgence.
ffab. India; Cejlon (Terhury). c? . Length 21 ; exj). 43 mux.
107. Mutilla emeryi, Mac/r. Ann. Mus. Civ. Gen. (2') xii, 1892, p. 22.5, d .
cJ . Head on the vertex punctured, the inner margin of the eyes with a sinus ; the front, clypeus, cheeks, and scape of the antenna densely, and the mandibles sparsely pubescent, the pubescence on
48 MUTILLIDJE.
the mandibles long ; the posterior margin of the pronotum obtusely arched, with a wide pubescent fascia ; mesopleuraB densely, the legs sparsely pubescent ; mesonotum coarsely punctured above, the disc with a median longitudinal carina, and other parallel carina}, two on each side, the outer ones short, the posterior lateral angles subprominent ; the tegulse large, campanulate ; scutellum slightly elevated, reticulate; the anterior half of the median segment above densely pubescent, hiding the sculpture of the surface ; abdomen smooth and shining, minutely and sparsely punctured, pubescent; the ventral anal segment with a round concave impressed mark, and close to the apex two curved spines. Black, the abdomen rufo-ferruginous, the base of the 1st, the apex of the 6th, and the whole of the apical segment black; the pub- escence on the head white, on the thorax fulvous white, and on the abdomen griseous, with the margins of the segments golden ; the anal segment with a little reddish hair ; the calcana of the tibiae white, the spines on the tarsi ferruginous; the wings fuscous, lightly suffused with purplish effulgence, the radial cell lanceolate, the apex truncate, and three complete cubital cells not extending beyond the apex of the radial cell.
Bob. Bhamo, Upper Burma. 6 ■ Length 15 ; exp. 31 mm.
108. Mutilla exiloides, Magr. Ann. Mus. Civ. Gen. (2°) xii, 1892,
p. 232, c?.
cJ . Head, viewed from the front, subtriangular above, flat and sloping backwards, longitudinally finely striate; thorax densely punctured and rugose, median segment somewhat coarsely reticu- late • abdomen elongate, slender, fusiform, the bases of the seg- ments sparsely punctured and shining. Jet-black, covered more or less densely with silvery white pubescence, which forms dense silvery trausverse bands on the basal four abdominal segments above ; the apical three segments with black pubescence ; wings fuscous with a purple effulgence, hyaline at base.
Hab. Karen Hills, Burma. 6 ■ Length 12 ; ex2?. 25 mm.
109. Mutilla circumscribenda, Magr. Ann. Mus. Civ. Gen. (2") xn,
1892, p. 233, S-
cJ Extremely close to M. exiloides, of which it may be only a lareer form. The head is not so prominently subtriangular, pro- duced backwards ; the abdomen is not so slender, and the basal three (not four) segments only are banded with sdvery white
Hob. Karen Hills, Burma. 6 . Length 14-15 ; exp. 28 mm.
110 Mutilla discreta, Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. -Soc. xli (1897). Ma nigra, Eingh. {neo Smith) A. M. N. E. (6) xvi, 189o, p. 440. ^ Head, thorax, and abdomen pubescent ; head and pronotum finely and closely, mesonotum, scutellum, and postscutelhim coiselyrand abdomen somewhat more fine y and distantly punc- tS ; the median segment posterioriy rounded, with a steep slope,
MUTILLA.
the junctures on the middle above very large coarse, and almost Ct the'^cutelhim prominent, the tegulaj large ; the meso- '"fT aboJe the tegul^e: longitudinally and broadly grooved. XT tSe iubesc' nce^vhile and glittering, forming narrow bands Tr W'og on the posterior margins of the first four abclomn.al segments ; wings fuscous, hyaline at base, nervures dark brown,
tegulje black Burma; Tenasserim, and the Malayan region as fart the Philippines. Lenrjtk 11-12; e.p. 22-23 mm.
111 MutiUa cariana, Maffr. Ann. Mus. Civ. Gen. (2') xii, 1892,
p. 231, cJ-
^ Head and thorax somewhat coarsely punctured and rugose ; median segment rounded, reticulate posteriorly ; abdomen finely punctured and shining ; scutellum produced posteriorly, transverse, with a dentate process at the lateral angles. Black, the scape and 1st joint of the flagellum of the antennoe rufescent, the thorax red; abdomen thinly pubescent, a ti-ansverse band on the poste- rior margin of the 2nd and the whole of the 3rd segment above covered with silvery pubescence; wings hyahne at base, light fuscous for three-fourths of their length towards the apex, the costal margin of the fore wing darker fuscous
Hah. Karen Hills, Burma. 6 ■ Length 9-5 ; exp. 20 mm.
112 Mulilla antennata, Smith, Cat. iii,p. 31, d ; Cam. Mem. Manch.
L. Ph. Soc. (4) V, 1892, p. 116.
cf . Head, thorax, and abdomen punctured, the abdomen sparsely pubescent ; head subtriangular above, with three shallow grooves down the front, not as wide as the thorax; eyes emargmate ; thorax transverse anteriorly ; tegulse large, rounded posteriorly ; median segment with a rounded slope at the back and a central longitudinal narrow groove bordered by a carina on either side. Head and abdomen black, thorax red ; antennaj fusco-ferruginous ; tegulfe pale along the posterior margins ; abdomen with the seg- ments clothed with white hairs, in some specimens forming broad bands on the apical margins of the first three segments ; legs black ; wings hyaline, broadly fuscescent along their apical margins.
Hah. India (Smith) ; Pegu Hills, Burma. J • Length 10 ; exi?. 22 mm.
113. Mutilla dilecta, Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. xli (1897).
. Closely resembles M. antennata, Smith, of which it may be only a variety : differs chiefly in having the median segment shorter, more rounded posteriorly and more coarsely reticulate, in the antenniB being slightly thinner, and in the abdomen being more sparsely punctured. In colour it differs in wanting the three transverse bands of pale golden pubescence on the abdomen, and in having the tegulse black, not red.
Hah. Barrackpore, Bengal. cJ . Length 8; e.vj). 13 mm. Type in coll. Kothney.
VOL. I.
50
MOTILLIDJE.
114. Mutilla perversa, Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. xli (1897).
d . Head and thorax finely punctured, thinly pubescent ; median segment coarsely reticulate; abdomen smooth and shining, the pubescence, especially on the apical four segments, longer and closer than on the head and thorax ; the scutellum and postscutel- lum raised, prominent, and coarsely punctured. Head of a darlc obscure reddish black, thorax red, abdomen black, the pubescence cinereous ; wings fusco-hyaline, nervures testaceous, tegulse red.
Eab. Barrackpore, Bengal. J. Length 5; exp. 10 mm. Type in coll. Eothney.
*115. Mutilla miranda, Smith, Cat. iii, p. 33, cJ-
" cJ. Length 6 lines (= 13-5 mm.). Head ferruginous, nar- rower than the thorax ; eyes emarginate : antenna3 black. The prothorax and mesothorax ferruginous ; metathorax and thorax beneath as well as the legs black, the latter clothed with pale glittering pubescence ; the metathorax broad, produced at its lateral angles ; the wings brown, their base hyaline. Abdomen black, the second segment having on each side a large spot ot white pubescence, the third and fourth segments ■ clothed with white pubescence."
Hab. India {Smith).
116. Mutilla provida. Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Fh. Soc. xli (1897).
A Head thorax, and abdomen finely and rather closely punc- tured, thinly pubescent, the punctures on the mesonotum coarser than on the rest of the body ; median segment rounded posteriorly, with a steep slope to the apex, coarsely reticidate above. Black, the prothorax above and on the pleura, and the mesonotum red ; the pubescence white; the wings fusco-hyahne, nervures dark testaceous, tegulte red. .
Hab. Bombay. 6- Length 7; exp. 13 mm. Type m coll.
Eothney
KMDSS??;e3Ugoides, Ma,r. Ann. Mus. Ci.. Gen. (2-) xii, 1892, p. 234, J.
A Head, mesonotum, scutellum, postscutellnm, and abdomen somewhat coarsely, pronotum finely and closely punctm-ed Head^ thorax and abdomen more or less pubescent; head ft-om aboAe broad flTttish, almost square; mesonotum with two abbreviated Lg tutoal furrows bounded by fine carina on each side ; median segment reticulate, rounded posteriorly ; abdomen with the 1st im nJ narrowed into a sort of petiole, which v-jed sideways is subanicallY swollen above as m certain forms of Social \\ asps j5 r B ack,the pro- and mesonotum and pro-andmesopleura red 2e pubescence black, the transverse bands on the apical
MUTILLA.
51
margin of the petiole and following two segments silvery white ; wings dark fuscous with a purple effulgence.
Hah. Bhamo, Upper Burma"; Karen Hills. <3 • Length 12-14; £7 mm.
118. Mutilla rufo-dorsata, Cam. Mem. Manch. L.Ph. Soc. xli (1897). cJ . Head, pronotum in front, the median segment above, and
basal segment of abdomen densely pubescent ; head and thorax closely and rather coarsely, and abdomen more finely punctured ; median segment short, posteriorly and laterally truncate; the inner orbits of the eyes above notched, making the eyes almost reniforra ; head broad, nearly transverse posteriorly. Black, the pubescence hoary white ; the raesonotum and seutellum dull dark red ; the abdomen obscurely dark blue : wings fuscous, hyaline at base, nervures dark brown, tegulse black.
Hab. North-West Provinces. c? • Length 13; exp. 24 mm. Type in coll. Eothney.
119. Mutilla yerburyi.
Mutilla yerburghi *, Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) v, 1892, pp. 123, 1.36.
. Head, thorax, and abdomen closely and not very coarselv punctured, pubescent ; the mesonotum with two abbreviated longi- tudinal parallel grooves; median segment short, rounded posteriorlv and coarsely reticulate ; ab.lomen with the 1st segment narrowed and petiolate at base and slightly constricted at apex. Metallic blue, the pubescence white ; the antennae and tarsi fuscous black ; wings hyaline, nervures brown, tegulffi blue.
Eab. Trincomali, Ceylon. J. Length 11 ; e.vp. IS mm.
120. Mutilla peiunculata, Si/mb. Phys., Ins. dec. l,no. 24, pi. 5,
fig. 10 ; Smith, Cat. iii, p. 12.
S . Head sparsely and finely, thorax and basal two segments of the abdomen more closely and coarsely punctured, the apical seg- ments smooth, with fine long soft pubescence ; the antennae long, filiform; the vertex raised, with a deep short furrow behind each posterior ocellus; mesonotum with two parallel longitudinal grooves ; median segment rounded posteriorly, rather coarsely reticulate ; the basal segment of the abdomen at base narrowed into a petiole, its apical margin slightly constricted. Head, thorax, and basal segment of abdomen light brownish red, antennae and legs pale testaceous red. 2nd and following segments of the abdomen black, pubescence whitish ; wings hyaline, the apex of the fore wing light fuscous, nervures pale testaceous, tegulse red.
Hah. Arabia ; Egypt ; Western India ; Ceylon. S • Length 10 ; e.vp. 11 mm.
* Owing to a misapprehenaion, I fancy, Mr. Cameron has misspelt Col. Yerbury's name. I restore the true spelling.
B 2
52
Family THYNNIDiE.
The iusecis belonging to the typical genus Thynnus are chiefly Australian, none being found within our limits. The males of all the Thynnidce are winged, the females apterous. Two Indian genera,' Jf(';Aocrt and Isivara, are related to Thynnus and are classed o-enerally in the family Thynnidce. Iswara is also allied in form and in the venation of the wings to Myzine, a genus of the Scoliidce.
Head in female small, in male the width of the thorax ; thorax in female subrectangular, constricted posteriorly, in male oval, the pronotum reaching back to the base of the wings ; abdomen more or less massive, the anal segment in the male of the two genera found in India with an up-curved spine.
Key to the Genera.
a Marffins of the abdominal segments strongly con- stricted in the male Methoca, p. o2.
h Maro-ins of the abdominal segments not con- stricted in the male . ISWAHA, p. 64.
Genus METHOCA.
Methoca, Latr. Hist. Nat. Ins. xiii, p. 268, 5 (1805).
M.itilla, pt., Jurine, Hym. p. 266 (1807).
Teuygra, Latr. Gen. Crust, et Ins. iv, p. 116, J (1609;.
Type, M. idhneumonoides, Latr. Ranqe. Both hemispheres.
2 "Head subglobose ; eyes oval; ocelh m a triangle on the vertex ; antenna filiform, inserted low down just above base of
clypeus, then- bases somewhat widely separated, the flagellum about the length of the thorax ; clypeus subtriangular ; mandibles curved. Thorax doubly con- stricted, rounded at the base and apex ; legs long and slender, the coxae very robust ; femora subclavate ; the tarsi elongate. Abdomen ovate, petiolate.
(5 . Head transverse, broad, flat an- teriorly, convex behind ; e.yes prominent ; ocelli large; antennse filiform, the scape short, the pints of the flagellum beyond the 3rd slightly arched. Thorax elougate oval sometimes considerably narrowed posteriorly ; fore wing with one radial and three cubital cells, the radial cell e ongate, the ape.x nearly reaching the apex of the wing, the first transverse cubi a nervine faint, in some specimens almost obsolete, the 2nd cubita cell narrowed towards the marginal, the 3rd cubital cell the ongest and narrowed at apex towards the marginal; legs moderately
Fig. 7. Methoca smitlm, S-
MBTHOCA.
53
lono- very slender. The abdomen elongate, subdepressed and flat- tened above, the margins of the segments strongly constricted ; anal segment with an up-curved spine.
So far the female of only one species has been recorded from India. A key to the males of the three known Indian species is given.
Key to the Species.
a. Antennae and legs black. • ^ ;• kq a'. Anterior tibias with a yellow stripe m front . . M. onentahs, p. 53. b'. Anterior tibiiB entirely black M- smithn, p. 5o.
b. Antenna; red ; legs black variegated with red . . M. rugosa, p. 54.
121. Methoca bicolor, Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Sac. xli (1897).
9 Head, thorax, and abdomen smooth and shining ; the face, the sides of the thorax, the legs, and abdomen thinly pubescent, the base of the scutellum transversely and the sides obbquely striate ; the antenna are stout, the base of the joints constricted, the apical ioints very gradually getting thicker. Eed, the head black, the basal joints of the antennEe red ; the legs dark castaneous, almost black vthe 2nd and following segments of the abdomen black, tne extreme apex rufescent. .
Eah. Barrackpore, Bengal. $ . Length i mm. Type in coll.
Rothney.
*122. Methoca orientalis, Smith, Cat. iii, p. 66, <S .
" J . Length 7 lines. Black ; head coarsely punctured ; the base of the mandibles yeUow ; the clypeus and mandibles covered with long cinereous pubescence; the entire insect is thinly covered with similar pubescence, which is most dense on the sides of the meta- thorax ; the thorax strongly punctured, closely so on the metathorax, which has a central abbreviated impressed line at the base ; the anterior tibite have a vellow stripe in front ; the calcaria pale tes- taceous, the claws ferruginous ; wings fusco-hyaline, the nervures black. Abdomen black, with a slight metallic lustre, finely and distantly punctured, the margins of the segments constricted, the extreme lateral margins rufo-piceous."
Hah. Northern India {Smith). Unknown to me.
123. Methoca smitMi, Magr. Ann. Mus. Civ. Gen. (2') xii, 1892, p. 259.
Methoca orientalis, Smith, Trans. Ent. Sac. 1876, p. 35, d (nec Smith, Cat. iii. p. 66, d)- (S . Head, mesonotum, scutellum, and postscutellum finely and closely punctured ; pronotum and abdomen smooth, the latter polished and shining ; clypeus with its anterior margin waved, and with a small tubercle at base; mesonotum with two parallel impressed lines on the disc and transversely striate posteriorly ;
54
THYNNIDjE.
median segment very coarsely rugose ; basal segment of abdomen narrowed, remainder with a remarkably deep cousti'ictioii between each pair above and below. Black ; head, thorax, and abdomen (the abdomen especially beneath) covered with a thin soft hoary pubescence ; autenujB opaque, dull black, very massive propor- tionately ; legs with the tibisa and tarsi piceous ; wings hyaline and iridescent, uervures and tegulaa dark testaceous.
Hah. Bengal; Karen Hills, Burma ; Teuasserim. J. Lencjihl ; exp. 12 mm. $ unknown.
124. Methoca rugosa, Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. xli (1897).
cJ . Head closely and coarsely punctured ; antennsE incrassate, opaqne; pronotum transversely striate, with a broad posterior smooth margin; mesonotum, scutellum, postscutellum, and median segment coarsely reticulate, the last obliquely but sharply truncate at apex ; abdomen smooth and shining above, sparsely punctured at the sides, the margins of the segments with deep subapical transverse constrictions. Jet-black : the scape and basal four joints of the antennae, the trochanters, femora, tibiae, and tarsi of the anterior, and the apex of the femora, with the underside. of the tibiaj of the intermediate legs, red; a little pubescence on the underside of the scape of the antenna3, and the apex of the mandibles reddish ; wings hyaline for nearly half then- length from base, fuscous beyond.
Bab. Ceylon. 6- Lenrjih 16; eccjy. 24 mm. Type in coll.
Eothney.
Genus ISWARA. Iswara, Weshc. Trans. Ent. Soc. (new ser.) i, p. 232 (1851). Type, I. luieus, Westw.
liange. India. . ^ • i i.
Head moderately large; eyes with the inner orbits straight, barely emarginate; clvpeus small, bilobed; labrum concealed ;
mandibles slender, curved, the apex acute and with a small tubercular tooth on the inside; labial palpi 3-jointed, the joints subequal ; max- illary palpi minute, also 3-jointed, the basal joint the shortest, the 2nd longer, its apex thickened ; antennaj long, filiform, 13-joiated in the male. Thorax oblong, subcylindrical, the pronotum laterally reaching up to the base of the wings ; scutellum quadrate, postscutellum transverse; median segment rounded, bearing an impression on either side ; wings of moderate size, stigma large, radial cell appendiculated ; three cubital cells, 2nd subtriangular, receiving the 1st recur- rent nervure, 3rd subquadrate, receiving the 2nd recurrent nervure ;
Fig. 8.
Iswara luieus, J .
ISWABA.
55
le<.3 moderately loug aud stout. Abdomea oval, the 2iid segment belxring a semicircular impression on its posterior margin
Ouly males are known. The female will probably, when found, prove to be apterous.
Key to the Species.
a. Abdomen yellow, with ferruginous transverse ^^^^^^^ ^
b. Abdom'en black," with white ti-ansverse bands .... fasciatus, p. 55.
125 Iswara luteus, Westw. Tram. Ent. Soe. 1850, p. 233, d , pl- vu, ligs. 5 & 5a-5/; Smith, Cat. vii, p. 65. S . Head, thorax, and abdomen shining, with sparse scattered, fine, shallow punctures, confined on the abdomen chiefly to the bases of the segments; head nearly as wide as thorax, subglobular, the cheeks not much developed; eyes remarkably large ; c ypeus con- vex, transversely subovate ; postscutellum raised, sbghtly gibbous ; median segment roundly truncate posteriorly and pubescent; abdomen long, narrow, depressed above, subcylmdrieal below. Head black, the base of the mandibles aud the antennae yellow ; the thorax, median segment, and abdomen pale yellow ; a stripe on each side of the mesonotum and broad transverse bands, widest in the middle, on the posterior margins of the first six segments of the abdomen pale ferruginous ; legs whitish yellow ; wings lacteous
hyaline. ^ , ^ ^ „„
Hab. Sind ; Western India. 6 • Length 15 ; exp. 26 mm.
*126. Iswara fasciatus, Smith, A. M. N. S. (4) xii, 1873, p. 253 ; Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) v, 1892, p. 137. . " Black, variegated with yellow and white spots and fascisa, with the legs entirely pale. Head black, antennae fulvous ; the scape in front, the clypeus, and mandibles yellowish white, the tips of the hitter ferruginous ; thorax black ; the prothorax, a large square spot tridentate at its anterior margin, the tegulie, scutellum and postscutellum, a large subquadrate macula beneath the wings, and the legs pale yellow ; the coxa) and femora at their base above more or less fuscous ; wings hyaline, nervures of anterior wing black, those of the posterior fuscous ; abdomen black, 1st segment with a white apical fascia, on the other segments it is basal, broad, occupying two-thirds of the segments, and each fascia is narrow in the middle, being angularly incised at the posterior margin; beneath, the fasciaa on the segments are deeply incised and become oblong divergent maculas."
Hab. Sind (Smith). 6 . Length 6 lines=about 13 ram.
56
SCOLIIDjE,
Family SCOLllDiE.
Possorial "Wasps of varying size, none miuute, some very large ; bodies heavy, massive in the female, more slender in the male ; man- dibles strongly arched, large in proportion, aud often considerably wider about the middle than at the base ; antennaj in female short, coruute, or arched, in male longer, filiform ; eyes either emarginate or simple ; ocelli always present, in a triangle on the vertex. Thorax of moderate length, the posterior angles of tbepronotum prolonged back to the base of the wings ; median segment equal to or shorter than the mesonotum, rounded, truncate, sometimes emarginate pos- teriorly ; legs short, stout, aud (except in the males of Tiphia and Myzine) more or less densely clothed above with stiff hairs and spines ; hitermediate coxas widely separated ; intermediate tibiae with one apical spur * ; the apex of the posterior legs generally not reaching up to the apex of the abdomen ; wings broad and ample, the ueuration in certain genera stopping at a considerable distance from the apical margin of the wing ; fore wing with one radial, and at least two cubital cells, the 1st discoidal ceU not particularly lengthened, always shorter than the medial cell. Abdomen generally massive and long, the 1st ventral segment always separated from the 2nd by a deep constriction or furrow ; the apex in the male furnished with one or more spines.
Key to the Genera.
A. Inner orbits of the eyes not emarginate f.
a Fore wing with two cubital cells Tiphia, p. 5b.
b. Fore wing with three cubital cells Myzinis, p. 64.
B. inner orbits of the eyes emargmate.
a. Fore wiug with only one recm-rent nervure Scolia, p. /I.
b. Fore wing with two recmTent nervures.
a' The recm-rent nervures received separately in
the 2nd cubital cell • • • • Elis, p. 89.
b' The recurrent nervures imiting and received
in the 2nd cubital cell as one Liacos, p. 101.
Genus TIPHIA.
Tiphia pt., Fabr. Ent Syst ii,;^. 223 (1793)
Bethylus, pt., Fanz. Krit. Sevis. Faun. Deutsehl. u, p. 133 (laobj.
Fig. 10.— Wing aud opex Fig. 2.-Tiphia rufofemorata, ^. {. of abdomen. Tiphia, J.
* Excent Mvzine 9 , which has two intermediate tibial spurs.
t In itftS the^ikner orbits are cui-ved outwards, scarcely emarginate.
TIPHIA.
57
Type T. femorata, Fiibr.
Sas^rrSr^ax; pronotu. transye.e anterioriy; :nedTi segment truncate posteriorly ; sides o£ thorax excavated; fore wing with the radial cell open at apex in S , closed thej , two cSal cells each receiving a recurrent nervure; abdomen dongate ova?; basal segment nLower than the 2nd ^ ^7 ^ ^^^^ constricted at the apex; anal segment m c? furnished with a recurved spine.
Key to the Species.
A. Winss distinctly fuscous. Le^s black „ Kft
« Intermediate and posterior femora red . T. rvfo-femorata, p. 58. 6. Intermediate and posterior leinora black.
a!. Pronotum smooth or with a very few scattered punctures; both wings dark fuscous, hyaUne at .
base $ length 16-18 mm T.fumipennis, p. 58.
6'. Pronotum anteriorly closely punc- tured ; fore wing darker than hind -wmg, paler along apical margin.
5 length 1.3 mm • • • T. compressa, p. 59.
Wings hyaline or flavo- or fusco-hyaline. a. Legs entirely black.
a'. Intermediate and posterior femora _
red ; abdomen black T. eassiope, p. 5U.
b'. Intermediate and posterior femora black.
Median segment with five longi- tudinal carinse. «^ CariuiB parallel : posterior mar-
o-in of basal abdominal segment _
pimctured • • T. flavipenms, p. 69.
P. Outer two carinffi on each side converging posteriorly ; pos- terior mai-gin of basal abdominal segment shortly longitudinally
striolate T. lijrata, t^. 60.
b-. Median segment with three longi- tudinal oarinse. a\ Median segment rugose.
a'. Clypeus incised at apex T. incisa, p. faU.
b^. Clypeus produced at apex, the
sides widely emarginate T. implicata, p. bl.
V. Median segment smooth or only slightly punctured, a". Basal and greater part of 2nd abdominal segment im-
punctate T. consueta,^.<ol.
6*. Basal and 2ud abdominal seg- ments more or less closely punctured T. intrudens, p. 61.
58 SCOLIlDiE.
b. Legs red or ferruginous.
a'. Median segment with three longi- tudinal carinas.
a". Abdomen black . T. ri'Jij3e8, p. 61.
b^. Abdomen blaclc, variegated with
yellowish white T. vicina, p. 62.
b'. Median segment with five longitu- dinal carinse T. iwlicarinata, p. 62.
c. Legs blaclf, all the tibite and tarsi more
or less testaceous.
a'. Median segment with live longitu- dinal carinEB . • T.Jlavipennia cJ , p. 59.
v. Median seg-ment with three longitu- dinal carinaj.
a^. Antennas reddish T. erythrocera, p. 63.
6^. Anteniipe distinctly black.
a^. Third and succeeding abdominal segments with conspicuous ful- vous pubescence T. fusdnervis, p. 63.
i^ Third and succeeding abdominal segments covered with short soft scattered white hairs .... T. hirsuta, p. 63. 0. Wings golden yellow, hind wing much
paler, in striking contrast with fore wing. T. auripennis, p. 64.
127. TipMa rufo-femorata, Smith, Cat. iii, p. 83, $ ; Cam. Mem.
Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) v, 1892, p. 115.
5 . Head, thorax in front, and abdomen with fine scattered punctures ; median segment smooth above, subquadrate, nearly flat, the sides obliquely and the apex vertically truncate, the verge of the truncation strongly reflexed ; from the base of the segment three central longitudinal carina} run to the verge of the trun- cation, the space between them and on either side smooth and shining; abdomen with the basal segment campauulate, con- stricted along the apical margin. Black, the mandibles darkish red, the intermediate and posterior femora bright red; wiugs fusco-hyaline, nervures piceous, tegulae black.
Hab. India ; Burma ; Tenasserim ; Ceylon. ? . Lenr/th 12 ; exj}. 23 mm.
128. TipMa fumipennis, Smith, Jour. linn. Soc 1858, p. 90 j Cam.
Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) v, 1892, p. 116. 2 . Head, pronotiun in front, mesonotum, scutellum, and post- scutellum coarsely punctured; median segment smooth above, subquadrate, obliquely truncate at the sides and vertically at the apex : from the base of the segment run three central longitudmal carina to the verge of the truncation, which is strongly reflexed, the space between them and the space on both sides smooth and shining, but tlie carinas themselves are each of them bordered on both sides by a row of very line punctures ; abdomen smooth, the basal segment polished, iiLpunctate except for a subapical row of fine punctures, the remaining segments sparingly punctured, the punctures fine and denser on the apical segments. Black, a thui
TIPHIA.
59
enseous pubescence on the head, thorax in front, and apical half of the abdomen ; the extreme apex of the anal segment ierru-
^'""bZ'. Teuasserim ; Borneo. 2 . Lenrjt7i 16-18 ; exy. 24-28 mm.
129 TipMa compressa, Smith, Gat. iii, p. 82, $ ; Cam. Mem. Manch L. Ph. Soc. (4) V, 1892, p. 115. 9 Head, prouotum in front, sides of the median segment, legs, and abdomen tliinly pubescent ; the head, pro- and mesonotum closely and rather coarsely punctured ; abdomen above and below finely punctured ; on the basal two segments the punctures are somewhat sparser and finer ; median segment above convex sub- quadrate, the sides obliquely and the apex vertically truncate, the sides longitudinally striate ; the truncation at apex smooth and shining, slightly concave above; the median segment has three central, longitudinal, parallel carinas, running from the base to the transverse carina on the verge of the truncation at apex, the space between the carinas very slightly rugose : abdomen with the basal segment campanulate, slightly constricted at the apical margin. Black and shining ; the pubescence whitish ; the inter- mediate and posterior femora beneath castaneous; wings — fore wing fusco-hyaline, clearer at base ; hind wing hyaline ; nervures testaceous, tegulse black. S similar.
Hah. Sikhim; Burma; Tenasserim ; China; Philippines. 5 . Length 13 ; exp. 24 mm. <S slightly smaller.
130. TipMa cassiope, Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. xli (1897).
$ . Closely resembles T. i-ufo-femorata, Smith, but is very much smaller, the liead is more globular, and, as well as the pronotum, not so coarsely punctured; the median segmentals comparatively longer and narrower towards the apex, which is more obliquely truncate ; the three median carintE are not so well-marked and raised, and the central one does not nearly reach the verge of the truncation ; the abdomen is much more sparsely and finely punctured, and the wings are hyaline, not fuscous. Like T. rufo- femorata, T. cassiope has the intermediate and posterior femora red.
Hah. Mussooree. ? . Length 7 ; exp. 13 mm. Type in coll. Kothney.
131. TipMa flavipenms, Smith, Jour. Linn. Soc. 1858, p. 91, $.
2 . Head, pronotum anteriorly, mesonotum in the middle, and the 2nd and succeeding segments of the abdomen finely punc- tured ; the posterior margin of the pronotum, the sides of the mesonotum, and the basal segment of the abdomen impunctate ; the scutellum aud postscutellum with a few scattered punctures ; the whole insect polished and shining ; the clypeus with two blunt projecting teeth at the apex ; median segment with the usual three central longitudinal carinte from the base of the segment to the
60
SCOLIIDjE.
verge of the truncated apex, aud two abbreviated carluae in the intermediate spaces. Black, with a thin short hoary pubescence ou the clypeus, legs, and posterior portion of the abdomen ; man- dibles broadly reddish in the middle; antennaj slightly fulvous beneath ; wings hyaline ; the fore wing with a flavo-fuscous tint ; uervui-es aud tegula3 along the outer margins testaceous.
d {T. dypealis. Cam. MS.). Similar, but smaller, more pubes- cent ; the apical margin of the clypeus curved, rufescent ; the apex of the antennae also rufescent ; the fore tibias and tarsi testaceous ; the median segment with the live lougitudinal cai-inse as in the $ ; the basal segment of the abdomen with a subapical row of punctures, and the remaining segments more closely punctured.
Hah. Mussooree ; Teuasserim ; Borneo. $ . Length 10-11 ; exp. 16 mm. S • Length 7 ; exp. 12 mm.
132. Tiphia lyrata, Magr. Ann. Mus. Civ. Gen. (2") xli, 1892, p. 252, 2 .
?. Head and the basal half of the pronotum coarsely but somewhat sparsely, and the middle of the mesonotum in front of the scutellum rather more closely punctm-ed ; sides smooth and shining ; scutellum smooth, its posterior margin with a few punctures; postscutellum smooth and shining; median segment opaque, furnished with five carinoe above, forming a mark shaped something like the Greek lyra ; the median carina straight, un- broken, the two lateral arched and converging, truncated a little past the middle of the area, the two external also arched and converging and produced to the apex of the segment, the included space, as well as the surface of the segment outside, opaque and lightly rugulose; the basal segment of the abdomen smooth, beautifully polished, its extreme apical margin emarginate, and shortly but obsoletely longitudinally striate ; the remaining seg- ments less shining, minutely punctured, chiefly in the middle of the apical margin. Black and shining, with silvery pubescence ; the mandibles and the anal segment of the abdomen above rufo- ferruginous ; the apices of the femora and the teguliB of the wmgs fusco-ferreginous ; the posterior margin of the pronotum flavo- testaceous ; wings flavo-hyaline ; nervures testaceous.
Bab. Karen Hills, Burma. $ . Length 7-8 ; e.vp. 12 mm.
133. TipMa incisa, Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. xli (1897).
cJ Head, thorax, and abdomen pubescent, finely and closely punctured : clypeus anteriorly fringed with long hairs, nicised in the middle ; median segment finely rugulose, obliquely truncate at apex, with the usual three central longitudinal cariuoe ; abdonien with the posterior margins of the segments fimbriated, and the apical three or four segments studded with short fine hairs Black, the pubescence cinereous ; wings hyahne ; uervui-es ami stigma dark testaceous brown ; tegulae black. .
Hab. Mussooree. 6 . Length 10 ; exp. 18 mm. Type in coll. Bothney.
TIPHIA.
61
134. Tiphia implicata, Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. xli (1897).
d Head, prouotum, mesonofcum, scutelUim, and postscutellum closeiv and finely punctured ; median segment somewhat coarsely reticulate, obliquely truncate at apex, the space between the usual three median longitudinal carinas transversely striate ; abdomen with the middle oi: the segments above finely punctured ; the head, thorax in front, the median segment laterally, and the abdomea covered with a thin short pubescence; the clypeus anteriorly broadly produced in the middle, the sides widely emargmate. Black, the pubescence cinereous ; wings hyalme,fuscescent towards the apex; nervures and stigma dark testaceous brown; teguias
black. m • n
Bah. Mussooree. d . LenrjtJi 9 ; exp. 17 mm. Type in coll.
Eothney.
135. TipMa consueta. Smith, Neiv Sp. Hym. B. M. p. 184, $ ; Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) v, 189i>, p. 116 Metlioca uigra*, Bi?i(/h. P. Z. S. 1896, p. 427, ? .
$ . Head, prouotum in front, and the 2nd and following seg- ments of the abdomen with a thin scanty pubescence; head, pronotum in front, mesonotum, scutellum, and postscutellum closely pnnctui-ed; median segment smooth and shming, the sides obliquely and the apex vertically truncate, three central, longitudinal, parallel carinse running from the base to the verge of theltruncation, the space between them very minutely punctured ; abdomen shining, the basal segment and great part of the basal portion of the 2nd segment impunctate, the apical margin of the latter and succeeding segments with transverse hands of rather sparse and fine punctures ; the basal segment at apex not much constricted. Black ; the wings hyahne, fuscescent on the apical half of both fore and hind wing.
Sab. Ceylon. 2 . Length 9; exp. 16 mm.
«
136. Tiphia intrudens, Smith, Jour. Linn. Soc 1863, p. 25,$ cJ.
2 . Eesembles T. compressa. Smith ; differs in heing smaller and more slender ; in having the posterior margins of the pronotum and of the segments of the abdomen narrowly testaceous; the apex of the abdomen, nervures and tegulse of the wings testaceous instead of black ; and in the thorax and abdomen being much more sparingly punctured.
Hah. Bengal ; Mysol. This species will prohably also be found in Burma, Tenasserim, and the whole Indo-Malayan subregion. 2 . Length 11 ; exp. 20 mm. S slightly smaller.
137. Tiphia rufipes. Smith, Cat. iii, p. 83,2 ; Cam. Mem. Manch. L.
Ph. Soc. (4) V, 1892, p. 115.
2 . Head, pronotum in front, mesonotum, scutellum, and
* By mistake identiflecl as a Mcthoca.
62
SCOLIIDJE.
postsciitellum closely punctured; median segment smooth and somewhat shining, subconvex above, the sides obliquely and the extreme apex vertically truncate ; three central longitudinal carinie running from base to the verge of the truncation, the space between them and on either side very smooth and highly polished ; abdomen sparsely punctured all over, the punctures fine and more dense towards the apex. Black ; the mandibles, antennae, and the femora, tibia3, and tarsi of all the legs testaceous red ; the head, thorax, and abdomen with a thin and scanty whitish pubescence ; wings hyaline, very slightly fuscescent on the apical half, nervures and tegulffl testaceous.
Hah. Northern India; Burma. 2 . Length 7; exp. 13 mm.
138. Tiphia vicina, Magr. Ann. Mus. Civ. Gen. (2") xii, 1892, p. 251, $ . 5 . Head and thorax sparsely punctured, the disc of the
mesonotum cribrate ; median segment above smooth, shining, furnished with three posteriorly convergent, impressed, median lono'itudinal lines; the metapleuras posteriorly rugosely opaque, dos'ely striate ; abdomen— the basal segment shiuing, its posterior margin with a subapical row, broadening at the sides, of coarse punctures, the 2nd smooth, the semaiuing segments moderately rugosely punctured ; clvpeus, scape of the antennae beneath, and the apical margins of the abdominal segments pilose, the inter- mediate and posterior tibia? covered with rigid hairs over silky pile Black, shiuing, the palpi and the intermediate and posterior femora pale rufo-ferruginous ; the mandibles, flagellum of the antenna? beneath, tegula?, anterior legs, intermediate and posterior tibia* and tarsi, and the anal segment of the abdomen above obscurely ferruginous red ; a yellowish-white narrow transverse band subapically on the basal abdominal segment above, and at the base of the 2nd and 3rd segments above and below ; pubescence white, the silky pile on the intermediate and posterior tibiae silvery ; wings hyaline,' nervures subfuscous.
Hab. Bhamo, Upper Burma. ? . Length 9 mm.
139. Tiphia policarinata, Mai/r. Ann. Mus. Civ. Gen. (2*) xii, 1892,
p. 250, S .
Q Head pronotum, scutellum, postscutellum, and abdomen abov^ sparsely and lightly punctured; the posterior margin of the pronotum broadly smooth ; mesonotum cribrate, a few shining disti ict patches on the sides ; median segment smooth, subopaque, f irnished with five (sometimes, owing to the lateral grooves, becoming many) parallel carina?. Black, shining ; the mandibles, antenna (the scape often excepted), the tegu aB, legs (except the SxS and the apical abdominal segment above broadly ferru- ginous red ; wings yellowish, nervures testaceous.
Hab. Karen Hills, Burma. 5 . Length b^-i mm.
TipniA.
63
140. TipMa erythrocera, Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. xli (1897). 2 Head, pronotum in front, and mesonotum closely pnncfcnred,
the posterior margin of the pronotum, the scutellum and post- seutelhim smooth; the median segment smooth, with a few scattered punctures, obliquely truncate at apex ; the usual three central longitudinal carinte, the middle one abbreviated, not halt the length ''of the outer two ; abdomen finely punctured ; the whole head, thorax in front and on the sides, and abdomen (>overed with a thin pubescence. Black, the mandibles and antennfe dark red ; the tibias and tarsi of the legs testaceous brown or castaneous; pubescence on the bead m front and on the tibia? and tarsi fulvous- golden, on the abdomen cinereous ; wings hyaline ; nervures, stigma, and tegulfe pale testaceous. Hah. Mussooree. 5 . Length 8 ; e.vp. 15 mm.
141. TipMa fuscinervis. Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. xli (1897). cJ . Head, pro- and mesonotum rugosely punctate ; median
segment and the 2nd and following segments of tlie abdomen more finely punctured ; median segment comparatively long and narrow, the central carina not so conspicuous as in other species, the space between them finely rugose ; basal and 2nd segments of the abdomen shining, the punctures on the basal segment coarser than on the rest of the abdomen, the apical five segments densely pubescent. Black, with a thin whitish pubescence on the head and thorax ; the pubescence on the apical five segments fulvous ; the antennfe obscurely reddish beneath ; the apex of the tibite and the tarsi of the legs dark testaceous ; wings hyaline, with the nervures pale testaceous, the tegulae black.
ffab. Mussooree. 6 . Length 8 ; exp. 17 mm.
142. TipMa Mrsuta, Smith, Cat. m, p. 83, J ; CatJi. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) V, 1892, p. 115. cJ. Head, the pronotum in front, the sides of the median segment, and the abdomen pubescent ; the vertex of the head and the mesonotum in front with rather coarse punctures ; the clypeus, front of the face, pronotum, apex oE the mesonotum, scutellum, postscutellum, and the 2nd and following segments of the abdomen finely punctured ; the basal segment of the abdomen, and the basal margins broadly of the 2nd and 3rd segments smooth and impunctate ; the median segment above convex, the sides sharply and obliquely sloping inwards, finely longitudinally striate, the apex vertically truncate, the margin of the truncation above and at the sides with a raised carina ; also above, from the base of the median segment, three central longitudinal subparallel carinse run to the verge of the truncation, the space between the carinss obscurely transversely striate; abdomen with the basal segment strongly constricted at its posterior margin. Black, the pubescence
64
SCOLIIDiE.
short, and whitish in colour, the anterior and intermediate tibiie and tarsi testaceous ; wings hyaline, fore wing slightly fuscescent on the apical half ; nervures and tegula) testaceous.
Hah. North India ; Bengal, d . Lewjlh 10 ; exp. 17 mm.
143. TipMa aiiripennis, n. sp.
9 Head in front, above the base of the antenna?, pronotuin anteriorly, mesonotum, scutelhun, and postscutellum coarsely Xctured ; median segment large, subquadrate, shghtly convex iw concavo-truncatl posteriorly, with the usual three central Witudinal carinas, the middle one not reaching the ti-ansyerse carfna^^o^^^^^^^^ the truncation; abdomen with the basal
™nd segments coarsely punctured at base and on he sues; 3rd 4th and 5th segments above with abroad subapical band of fner nui^ apical segment densely punctured and studded S t^fft^r : iet-blaci and shining, with thin long whitish mibescence tiuged with ferruginous on the apical segment ; wiiigs hydine, w'^ a rich golden-yellow tinge, the hmd wings hghter than the fore wings.
Hah. Sylhet, Assam. ? . Lmgtli 16 ; exp. 26 mm.
Genus MYZINE.
Scolia, pt., Fab,: Ent. Syst n, p. 236 1793 . Tiphia, pt., Fabr. EntSyst. P' f f (1793). El s, pt., Fabv. Syst. P,ez. v- 248.(1804) MYziL Latr. Hist. Nat. Ins. xm, p. 2G9 (1805)
-Pleiik, Jurine, Hym. p. 150 (1807).
Fig. 11. . ^ Myzine dimidiatwornis, g .
Fig. 12. Myzine madraspatana, .
Type M. sexfasciata, Eossi.
Eanje. Both l^emispheres. ^^^^ ^^^^
Characters those of family. I oie w.ng ^ three cubital ceUs alwj present hc^^^^^^^^ ^^^^ fo4 wing in j^ever open as m T^^^ ^ ■ The neui
^^i^JSJir^i^ S^lpical^purs. Ape. of abdomen in J with a strong recurved spine.
mziNE.
65
Key to the Species.
A. Females only known.
a. Wings fuscous.
a'. BJack ; 2nd, 3i'd, and base of the 4tli abdominal segment red ; hind wing
hyaline at base M. madraspatana, p. bo.
b'. Black ; 1-5 abdominal segments red ;
both wings hyaline at base M. mandalmsis, p. 66.
c'. Black; abdomen black, head red M. tricolor, p. 66.
d'. Black ; wings wholly dark fuscous. . M.fuscipennis, p. 67.
b. Wings hyaline or subhyaline.
a'. Abdomen entirely red M. combusta, p. 67.
b' . Abdomen entirely black.
a^. Mandibles and antennas black ; 2nd segment with a transverse im- pressed line at base M. anthracina, p. 67.
b"^. Mandibles and the flagellum of the antennsB dull red ; 2nd seg- ment without an impressed line . M. claripennis, p. 68.
B. Males only known.
a. Wings fuscous, broadly hyaline at base. a'. Ulypeus, scape, and basal four
joints of the flagellum of the
antennae red M. dimidiaticornis, p. 68.
b'. Clypeus and antennae black M. dimidiata, p. 68.
b. Wings hyaline.
Yellow with black markings. a-. Abdomen with the posterior
margins of the 2-6 segments
widely and deeply emarginate . . M. pallida, p. 69. 6^. Abdomen with posterior margins
of segments normal, transverse,
not emarginate M. orientalis, p. 69.
b'. Black, abdomen immaculate.
Mandibles, flagellum of the antennffl beneath, and the legs obscurely reddish ; pronotum longitudinally striate at the sides. M. l<Bta, p. 70. 6^. Mandibles, antennse, and legs black ; pronotum not striate at
the sides M. burtnanica, p. 70.
c'. Black ; abdomen with bi-emarginate, narrow transverse yellow bands on the apical margins of the 2-6 segments M. petiolata, p. 70.
144. Myzine madraspatana, Smith, Cat. iii, p. 72, ? ; Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) v, 1892, p. 114.
$ . Head, pro- and mesonotum, and scutellum rugose, ronghlv and coarsely punctured ; the median segment anteriorly and down the middle and the postscutellum smooth and shining, the former truncate posteriorly, with an abbreviated longitudinally impressed line, enclosed by parallel carinse, at its base ; abdomen smooth, finely and distantly punctured. Black, tue 2nd, 3rd, and base of VOL. I. s
QQ BCOLIIDjE.
the 4th segment of the abdomea dark red ; wings dark fuscous, the hind wing hyaline at base. or, Tvne in
Hah. Southern India. ? . Length 19 ; e.vp. 32 mm. iype m the British Museum.
nSSfW. An,. «». (2.) xii,
P HeS''.cMe »„db!»aliointottl>eflageltamonl.emtennie sp,Lr but somewhat deeply panctared, . Wge space on fte r X smooth .od shining ; Wp- ^It.T -Sfe',
rngOK, «ilh a median long.tndmai carina, ; I^'0"» .S'erioriv eloV-ecl i.;to a necl. -"^rt; '^X^ m gta '.r„ IraS
=rits.s'sid'^.:irr ai.c of t^^^ :So:th: t^h °Ldi.u ..a
:sh -rs,it,;3s£i^% ^^^^^^
middle of the groove, 'te B.d's of the »^^^
•^SerS 4iXvS a"mLt o7 sEort and long .poon-shaped
SSsX r^n'ron^^^
palpi and tegnl. of the wings «"0-t^stac^ou. ifai. Mandalay, Upper Burma. S • A".?"'
,.^::^;weenthebase^f^e —
ocelli, pronotum, ^^^^^Pj coarse sl^Uow punctures';
scutellum, and VO^t.cntel\n^ ^SJquer truncate posteriorly, at median segment convex above, o^hqu^ ^^^^^ base finely and distantly and tow^^^^^^^^ ^.^'ost dense on the face and densely ^t^^*^^^' ^J^^J'lSow longitudinal groove at of the trancation; ^,.""Xm m^^^ base to apex,
base above, <^f^^'l^\^°'l'^;J'Tt^^^^^ abdomen which does not reach the J^r^e oi gegment at base
smooth, with scattered P^^^t^^^f ' ^Z^vSon smooth. Black, vertically truncate, the tace of the t uncatx ^ ^^^^ the head deep red, the apical , or o join
MYZINB.
67
aiitennre fuscous ; abdomeu with blue and violet tints ; wings fuscous, hyaline at base, nervures dark testaceous brown, teguhe black.
Hob. Assam; Borneo. $ . Length 19-21 ; exp. 28 mm.
147. Myzine fuscipennis. Smith, Cat. iii, p. 72, $ ; Cam. Mem.
Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) v, 1892, p. 114.
2 . Head with a few widply spaced coarse punctures ; pro- and mesonotum, scutellum and postscutelluin rather more closely and coarsely punctured ; median segment finely transversely rugulose, with an abrupt steep slope at apex, and a central longitudinal short groove at base above, the groove bounded on each side by a fine shining carina ; legs and abdomen thinly pubescent, the base of the 1st segment of the latter coarsely punctured, the remaining segments with a few fine scattered punctures. Black and shining, the pubescence whitish, the flagellum of the antenna opaque alutaceous ; wings fuscous brown, nervures and tegids testaceous.
JIab. India; Burma; Tenasserim. 2 ■ Length ll-li ; exp. 18- 20 mm.
148. Myzine comhusta, SmitJi, Neto Sp. Hym. B. M. p. 179, 2 ; Cam
Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) v, 1892, p. 113.
$ . Head in front, the anterior lateral angles of the pronotum, the pro- and mesopleurse closelv and coarsely punctured, almost cribrate ; the vertex of the head, the pronotum anteriorly in the middle, and its broad posterior margin, the mesonotum, scutellum, postscutellum, and median segment smooth, dull and opaque ; the median segment coucavo-truncate posteriorly, the verge of the truncation above with two or three coarse transverse grooves, a small raised space at the base coarsely punctured, the metapleurse obliquely striate; abdomen smooth and shining, segments 3-5 above \^ath a very few scattered punctures, the apical segment coarsely and closely punctured and studded with stiff hairs. Black ; the mandibles, the flagellum of the antennas, the femora, tibiae, and tarsi of the legs, and the abdomen ferruginous red ; the mesonotum with a square mark in the middle orange-yellow, bounded on each side by a broad longitudinal band of ferruginous red, the margins of the abdominal segments shaded with fuscous ; wings hyaline, nervures and tegulae testaceous. Bab. India. 5 . Length 19 ; exp. 30 mm.
149. Myzine anthracina, Smith, Cat. iii, p. 71, 9 ; 0am. Mem Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) v, 1892, p. 1133
2 . The head and thorax with large scattered punctures ; median segment finely punctured, with a central smooth shining line at its base ; legs and abdomen beneath thinly pubescent ; abdomen above shining, the segments finely punctured at their basal margins,
f2
gg bcoliid;e.
the Duuctures larger and more scattered posteriorly, the 2nd egm'eSt with a t?ansverse impressed line at apcal margv^^ Black the pubescence cinereous white, the spmes on the legs paie testaceous/ wings subhyaline, faintly clouded at their ap.cal margins.
Hah. India. ? . Lencjth 13 ; e.vp. 23 mm.
150. Myzine claripennis, u. sp.
0 Head, mesonotum, scutellum, postsciitellum, niedian seg- ment and abdomen smooth and shining with only a iew scattered punc ores and some stifE sparsely placed hairs on the «cai^e of the
red • wings hyaline, lightly infuscated towards the apex.
Fa. Head and abdomen slightly more closely and finely punctured ; tibi=B and tarsi piceous ; wings somewhat more
fuscescent. . „ r ^i, q n ■ t-vn Ifi-lS mm.
Hah. Burma; Tenasserim. ? . Length 9-11 , ea-p. ib io m
Type in the British Museum.
151. Myzine dimidiaticornis, Bincjh. Jour. Linn. Soc.,Zool.xxy,m6, n 423 fT. 1 ^ Head 'thorax, and basal segment of the abdomen coarsely ^ ' , J abdominal segments smooth and shining,
MYziii^Bitida, Cam. {rtec Smith) t. c. p. 114.
MTZINB.
69
closely and coarsely punctured ; vertex and the region of the ocelli impuiictate ; pronotuni in front, mesonotum, scutelluni and post- scutellum closely punctured, the posterior margin of the pronotum smooth- the mesonotum with a deeply marked V-shaped groove; median 'segment rugose, rounded posteriorly; abdomen smooth, shinino' with only a few very tine punctures above. Jet-black, the abdomen with blue and violet tints ; the mandibles at base, the ape.x of the clypeus, the fore tibiae in front, and the fore tarsi pale yellow ; wings hyaline for about a third of their length from base, beyond fuscous suiiused with blue and violet.
Hah. Bombay; Bengal. 6 . Length 15; exp. 24 mm.
153 Myzine pallida, Smith, Netv Sp. Hym. B. M. p. 179 ; Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) v, 1892, p. 116. cJ Head shining, with a few scattered punctures ; thorax and abdomen smooth, opaque ; median segment short, posteriorly obliquely truncate, an obscure short central longitudinal groove at base • abodmen long, longer than the head and thorax together, sec^ments 2-6 above with their posterior margins widely and deeply entarginate. Pale whitish yellow, the head black ; the mandibles clypeus, and scape of the antennae whitish yellow ; the flagellum of the antenna;, a stripe over the tegula), and broad transverse bands at the base of the abdominal segments above dark testaceous brown ; wings hyaline and iridescent, nervures testaceous brown, tegulse
VelloW. . T- 1 ^ n
' Hab. North-West Provinces, India. J. Lejigth / -9 ; e-i^). 13 mm.
154 Myzine orientalis, Smith, New 6>. Jij/m. J3. M, p. 179, ^ ■ Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) v, 1892, p. 116.
c? . Head, thorax, and abdomen punctured, the punctures light and inconspicuous. Head in front, the median segment posteriorly, and the base of the 1st abdominal segment with long hairs ; clypeus with its anterior margin arched, much broader than high, the sides turned up ; antennae very long and filiform ; median segment short, concavo-truncate posteriorly ; abdomen tapering gradually to the apex from the 2nd segment ; basal segment slightly constricted along the apical margin. Variegated with pale yellow and black ; the mandibles, clypeus, scape, pronotum in front, postscutellum, the femora, tibiae, and tarsi of the legs, and broad median transverse bands on segments 1-6 of the abdomen pale whitish yellow ; the mesonotum with a large square macula at apex, and the centre of the scutellum orange-yellow, the rest of the parts black ; wings hyaline and iridescent, faintly yellowish at the apex of the fore wing, nervures dark testaceous, tegulse yellow.
Uah. Baluchistan, d. Length 12; exp. 22 mm. Type in the British Museum.
70
SCOLIIDjI.
155. Myzine laeta, n. sp.
6 . Head — the clypeus with long soft hairs, the front above the antenna) closely punctured, the punctures on the vertex and about the ocelH fewer and more widely spaced; the pronotum punctured in the middle, longitudinally striate at the sides ; mesonotum, scutellum, postscutellum, median segment, and abdomen sparsely punctured, the basal three segments of the last almost smooth and shining above, the basal segment itself petiolate, swollen towards the apex, which is strongly constricted. Black, the pubescence on the clypeus white; the mandibles, flagellum of the antennae beneath, the coxse, trochanters, femora, tibiae, and tarsi obscurely reddish ; wings hyaUue and iridescent, uervures and tegulae testaceous.
Eab. Moulmein, Tenasserim. 6 . Lengtli 11 ; t'.rp. 16 mm.
156. Myzine 'burmanica, n. sp.
c? . Closely resembles M. laila, but the head is more closely, evenly, and coarsely punctured, the pronotum is punctured not striate at the sides, the punctures on the mesonotum and median segment are finer and closer, on the latter running into obscure transvea-se striiB ; the antennae and legs are distinctly black, not dull reddish, and the wings are more or less fuscescent on the disc and towards the apex.
Eab. Burma ; Tenasserim. 6 . Length 10 ; ea-jj. 18 mm. Type in the British Museum.
157 Myzine petiolata, Stiiith, Cat. in, p. 72, Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) V, 1892, p. 115.
cJ Head above the antennae rather closely and coarsely, and the vertex, pronotum, mesonotum, scutellum, and postscutellum more finely punctured; median segment rounded posteriorly, finely rugulose, with an abbreviated central longitudinal groove near the base ; abdomen petiolate, the apical half ot the basal segment globose, the base of the 2nd segment strongly, the bases of the rest lightlv constricted; the whole abdomen, but espe- cially the basal segment above, smooth and shining. Black ; the base of the mandibles, the clypeus, the apex of a semicuxular pro- iection above the base of the antennae, the posterior margin of Ihe nronotum, the anterior tibiffi and tarsi, the base and apex of the intermediate and posterior tibiee and tarsi, and bi-emarginate narrow transverse bands on segments 2-6 ot the abdomen posteriorly, yellow ; wmgs hyaline and iridescent, nervures and teeulte testaceous. i ^
Bab. Barrackpore, Bengal, d . Length 12 ; c.xp. 1/ mm.
SCOLIA.
71
Geuus SCOLIA.
Scolia, Fabr. S,,st. Ent. p. 355 (1775). Tiphia, pt., Fabr. Ent. Syst. ii, p. 2:^^ 1793). Scolia, pt.. Smith, Cat. in, p. 85 (1855). o c- i r * ^ i
Scolia (subgen. Triscolia and Di.colia), Sauss. 8f Sich. Cat. Seal. p. 14 (1864).
Fig. IS.—Scolia {Triscolia) lusmorrhoidalis.
Type, S.Jlavifrons, Tabr. Range. Both hemispheres.
Characters those of the family *. Fore wing wath one radial and three (subgenus Triscolia= Scolia vera) or two (subgenus Viscoha) cubital cells and one recurrent nervure.
Key to the Species.
A. Fore wing with three cubital cells.
a. Head, thorax, and abdomen entirely black, without yellow or red marljings; wings dark fuscous. a'. Vertex of head and disc of mesonotum
closely punctured midata. p. I A.
b'. Vertex of head and disc of mesonotum smooth, polished, with only a few scattered punctures. a". Basal half of 1st abdominal segment smooth, polished, with very few scattered punctures; wings fuscous
with a brilliant green effulgence -S. opalina, p. 75.
6^ Basal half of the 1st abdominal seg- ment coarsely and rather closely punctured ; wiugs fuscous with violet
and purple effulgence S. tyriantUna, p. 75.
•Properly Scolia, Sis, and Lmcos constitute but one genus, with varying wing neuration • but as thi.s is remarkably constant in eaeh of the divisions, it is convenient to regard the differences as generic. For the purpose of dis- tinguishing the three genera, the number and form of the recurrent nervures in the fore wing have been chosen.
72
SOOLIID^.
6. Head, tliorax, or abdomen, or all three, black, vnriegated with yellow or ferru- ginous red ; wings fuscous. a\ Head, thorax, and abdomen all varie- gated with orange-yellow (? d)-
Length 48-54 ram S. procer, p. t i>.
h'. Head only orange-red, rest of thorax
and abdomeu black (2c?). Length . .
18-21 mm ^- capttata, p. 7b.
c'. Head (2) orange-red, (J) black; 4th and following segments of abdomen more or less ferruginous red with ferni- s-inous pubescence (2 c?)- Length 28-
35 mm. -S- ruhginosa, p. i^.
c. Head, thorax, and abdomen variegated
with black, yellow, and ferruginous red; , -j ,• „ 77
wings deep fulvo-hyaline S. Immorrhoidalis, p. ^ 7.
B. Fore wing with 2 cubital cells. a. Wings fuscous.
a'. Antennte more or less yellow or orange- yellow or red.
a^ Head— front and vertex orange-yellow.
a". Antennas, scape, and iiagellum en- _ ^
tirely orange-red S. erratica,^. iT ■
^)^ Antennae with scape black, fla- gellum orange-red or yellow ; 3rd abdominal segment at base above ^ ,. ^ ^ ^
with a yellow fascia S. elizabethce 2 , P- ' «•
c^. Antennaj with scape and one or two basal joints of flagellum orange-red or yellow, rest of fla- crellum fuscous black; abdomen
without yellow markings S. moUsta, p. 79.
b'. Head black.
a\ Antenna orange-red, scape and basal j oint of flagellum black ; wings with purple effulgence. a*. 3rd segment of abdomen with a , . , ^„
lateral yellow spot S. lilunata, p. /9.
h\ Abdomen wholly black ........ S. aureipenms, p. /9.
■ ¥ Antennae with scape ferruginous red, flagellum bright yellow; wings with a coppery golden efl'ulgence . . S. ohsciira, p. 80. 6'. Antennse wholly black.
a-. Head with front and vertex more or ' less marked with yellow. a\ Comparatively large, over 20 mm.
a\ ^ings fuscous with a violet and ' golden efl'ulgence; median seg- ment closely and profoiradly • „ sn punctured, cribrate -S. bhamoensts, p. 80.
h\ Wings dark fuscous with a blue and purple effulgence; median
segment less closely punctured, 0 ^ R1
not cribrate &>fc'/ro«« ? , p. 8L
SCOTJA.
73
c*. Winga liglit fuscous with a rosy " ett'iilffpnce; median segment very
sparsely punctured 5. woW.s, p. 81.
Smaller, under 18 mm. long. (iK Vertex and front wholly ornnge-
red or yellow, sides of proiiotum ,• o « ft!
above yellow . S. temte $,r.81.
6'. Front below vertex with a cowl- shaped black mark, sides of pro-
notum above black S. cucuUata, ^
b'-. Head whollv black.
a\ Head, thorax, and abdomen wholly black.
a^. Front above base of antennae
and up to posterior ocelli raised. flS. Vertex smooth, impunctate. . S. kevuieps, p. 66. Vertex closely punctured .... S. ci/nmpenms, p. 6*. Front between base of antennae
and ocelli with a subquadrate _
depression S. carbonana, ^.
c*. Front between base of antennse
and ocelli normal, rounded,
neither raised nor depressed.
a'. Median segment posteriorly , , • qq
deeply emarginate S. redt.enhacheri, p. Md.
b\ Median segment posteriorly
truncate, not emarginate S. ccerulans, p. arf,
¥. Head and thorax black ; abdomen black variegated with yellow or
ferruginous red.
„ . Sod to 5th abdominal segments fringed thickly with ferruginous- red hairs, apical segment ferru- ginous with ferruginous pubes- cence '5- indica, p. 84.
6". 2nd to 5th abdominal segments, or any of them, with lateral
maculfe or transverse bands at [P-
the base red S. quadripustidata,
c'. The sides of pronotum as well as abdomen -variegated with yellow
or orange-yellow S. humeralis S , p. 81.
d'. Only 3rd and 4th abdominal seg- ments variegated with yellow . . S.fuloifrons J , p. 81.
Wings light brownish, or fusco- or flavo-
hyaline.
a'. Head, thorax, and abdomen variegated with yellow, sometimes also with ferru- ginous.
a^. Vertex and front of the head wholly yellow.
Thorax and abdomen variegated with black and yellow only; base of 1st abdominal segment tuberculate above ; disc of mesonotum smooth, impunctate aikkimensh, p. 85.
-1
SCOLIIDJB.
6'. Thorax and abdomen variegated with black, yellow, and ferrugi- nous ; 1st abdominal segment not tuborculate ; disc of mesonotum
closely punctured S. histrionica, p. 86.
J)-. Vertex and front of head v.ariegated black and yellow.
a^. Autennce orange-red S. elizabethee S > 78.
6". AntenniB black.
a*. Posterior lateral angles of median
segment yellow S. desidiosa, p. 86.
b^. Posterior lateral angles of median
segment deep red S. vivida, p. 87.
c''. Posterior lateral angles of median segment black. o\ Abdomen— Ist segment black, 2nd broadly yellow in the middle above, 3rd with large yellow lateral maculEe, remain- ing segments black . 8. venusta, p. 88.
v. Abdomen — 2nd segment with yellow lateral maculte, 3rd segment with a transverse yellow band deeply emarginate above and below, remaining
segments black 8. kirbyi, p. 88.
c'. Head wholly black S. specifica, p. 89.
h' The whole head, thorax, and abdomen
black S.eliformis,^.dQ.
A. Fore wing ivith three cubital cells. 158. Scolia nudata, Smith, Cat. iii, p. 110, ? ; Smiss. ^- Sich. Cat. Scol. p. 38, 2 c?-
$ . Head and abdomen somewhat sparsely but coarsely punc- tured ; thorax densely punctured ; clypeus slightly convex, smooth and shinmg in the "middle, punctured at the sides, its anterior margin rounded, the space round the ocelli on the vertex and behind the eyes smooth and shining; the sides of the post- scutellum with oblique divergent striae, the cerjtral portion of the median segment almost cribrate ; legs stout, punctured, covered with stiff pubescence and spines ; abdomen as wide as the thorax, the basal 4 segments with the puncturing widely spaced in the middle above. Black, the abdomen with purple and blue mdescent shades in certain Ughts ; wings very dark fuscous with a deep purple effulgence ; a sparse scattered black pubescence covers the whole insect, and becomes somewhat dense on the apical two segments of the abdomen.
J shnilar, but smaUer and slighter ; clypeus subtriangular, its anterior margin transverse in the middle, oblique at tlie sides ; the wings lighter fuscous, with hyalme spaces in the 2nd and drd cubital, the discoidal, and submedial cells. , - i n
Hab. Assam ; Burma ; Tenasserim. ? . Lemji7i lo-lJ ; exjj. 38 mm. 6 . Length 14 ; ea;^. 29 mm.
SCOLIA.
75
159 Scolia opalina, Smith, Jour. Linn. Soc. 1858, p. 89, $ c?; ^mm. cS- Sich. Cat. Scot. p. 42 ; Cam. Mem. Munch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) v,
Scdia uuimaculata, Kirbij, Trans. Ent. Soc. 1889, p. 446, $ .
P . Strongly punctured and sparsely pubescent ; clypeus oval, its posterior margin tuberculate in the middle just below the base of the antennffi, anterior bent downwards and arched ; the face m front, the vertex, the middle of the mesonotum, a central space above on the basal three segments of the abdomen, and a space along the middle of the whole of the ventral segments with distinct but sparse and scattered punctures ; the pro- and meta- notum, the sides of the thorax and of the abdomen more closely punctured. Black, with splendid prismatic purple and green colours reflected in certain lights ; wings dark fuscous brown, with a brilliant green effulgence, the cell enclosed by the recurrent nervure flavo-hyaline.
Hah. Sikhim ; Tenasserim ; Borneo. ? . Length 40-45 ; exp. 80-87 mm. d ■ Length 19 ; exp. 46 mm.
160. Scolia tyriantMna, Kirhy, Trans. Ent. Soc. 1889, p. 446, pi. xv,
fig- 2, ? .
$ . Head and thorax coarsely and somewhat closely punctured ; abdomen more sparsely and finely punctured ; the vertex above the ocelli, the disc of tlie mesonotum, and the median portion of the 2ud and 3rd abdominal segments smooth, or with only a few scattered punctures ; the punctures on the basal segment of the abdomen anteriorly coarse like those on the thorax ; two parallel abbreviated lateral furrows on the disc of the mesonotum. Intense black, with short black pubescence on the back of the head, sides of the thorax and of the abdomen, the last with a brilliant purple effulgence in certain lights ; wings very dark fuscous, with a magnificent purple and violet effulgence.
Eab. Andaman Islands ; Tenasserim. $ . Length 21 ; exp. 38 mm.
161. Scolia procer, Illiy. Mag., Ins. i, p. 196, $ J.
Scolia procera, Lejiel. Hym. iii, p. 519 ; Smith, Cat. iii, p. 111. ScoHa patricialis, Burm. Abh. Nat. Ges. Rails, i, pt. 4, p. 19.
2 . Head, thorax, and abdomen smooth and shining, in parts pubescent and punctured ; the disc of the clypeus raised in the middle, subconcave on each side, coarsely punctured, its anterior margin rounded ; the front, the mesonotum in the centre, and the middle of the abdominal segments, above and below, at their base smooth and shining; the vertex, the prothorax in front, the mesonotum anteriorly, at the sides and at the apex, the scutellum and postscutellum, the median segment, and the apex and sides of the abdominal segments with coarse punctures, dense on some parts ; legs densely spined and pubescent with stiff hairs. Black, the front of the face above the antennse up to the vertex, the shoulders of the pronotum, the scutellum in the middle and a spot on the
76
sooliid;e.
postscutellum, a crescentic mark in the middle of the let segment of the abdomen, and a large rectangular spot on each side of the 3rd segment at base chrome-yellow; the vertex of the head, the front of the pronotum and of the mesonotum, the sides of the median segment, and the apical margins and sides of the abdominal segments with stiff coarse black pubescence ; wings dark fuscous brown, with a splendid purple and green effulgence.
d differs in having in addition the cl ypeus, the vertex, and a broad line behind the eyes yellow. Varieties have the thorax and 1st segment of the abdomen entirely black, or the median segment maculate and the spots at the base of the 3rd segment joined into a stripe, or the posterior margin of the 1st segment with an additional stripe yellowish, and the fringe of hairs fulvous.
Bah. India, Burma, Tenasserim, extending to Sumatra, Borneo, and Java. $ . Length 48-54 ; exjj. 94-lUO mm. 6 - Length 40-48 ; exp. 80-88 mm.
162. Scolia capitata, Gu^r. Voy. Coq. ii, pt. 2, p. 248; Burm. Ahh. Nat. Ges. Halle, i, pt. 4, p. 20 ; Sausa. Sr Sick. Cat. Scol. p. 4/ , $ J ; Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) v, 1892, p. 102. Scolia ruficeps, Smith, Cat. iii, p. 111. $ . Head smooth, with a few scattered punctures ; thorax closelv, abdomen more sparsely punctured ; clypeus transversely oval, closely punctured at the sides, a squai-e portion in the middle raised, smooth, the space around the anterior ocellus and a line below the vertex smooth. Black, the head blood-red ; the thorax and abdomen with iridescent blue and purple tints in certain lights ; wings brown with a golden effulgence.
similar, but with the wings darker. Fig. U.Scolia Varieties have the anterior legs variegated capitata, 2- v with yellow or ferruginous, or the front and
scape of the antennae black. Hab Kumaun; Sikhim ; Calcutta; Burma; Tenasserim to the Philippine Islands. ? . Length 18-21 ; exp. 36-40 mm. J . Length 12-20 ; exp. 34-37 mm.
163. Scolia rubiginosa, IW. JEnt. Syst. ii, p. 230; Sm,ith, Cat. iii, p. Ill ; Sauss. Sich. Cat. Scol. 46, $ Scoiia ornata, Lepel. Rym. iii, p. 517. Q Head except the clypeus, disc of the mesonotum, the scu- tellum, and the central portion of the first four abdominal segments above smooth and shining ; the pronotum, the sides and front of the mesonotum, the median segment, and the sides and ^F"^' of segments 1-4 of the abdomen coarsely and fo.sel.Y P^"cturcd the legs thickly covered with spines and stiff hairs, f^^f^y^^ head except the clypeus and mandibles, and segments 3-6 ot the abdSmen red; Ibe pubescence at the back of the head and
SC'OLIA. ' '
on the black parts black, fen-uginous red on the red poitions, w nisdar fuscous brown, with a brilliant purple effulgence
S 5> re Ses the ? , but is more pubescent, more closely anrrenlirpa cu red, and the head smaller m proportion a bkck Varieties may have any or all o£ the following parts- Se head (9 and d ) and the 3rd and apical segments ot the abdomen-elher partially or totally black, with b kck pubescence Kumaunf Sikhim; Calcutta; India ; Assam ; Burnu . Tenasserim; Siam to Malacca Borneo a.id l^^^'l;^^^''' 28-35 ; exp. 44-66 mm. d • Length 24-27 ; e:vp. 54-62 mm.
164 Scolia hffimorrlioidalis, Fah: Mant. i, p. 280 ; Lepel. Hym. iii p 522 ; S»w'</i, CVrf. in, p. 110. , ^ , ^ iq9 +nl-> Sphex^ raduia, <S«fe. {nec Fahr.) Abcjek. Qesch. Ins. p. 192, tab.
Sco're^ythvo^eptala, King, Weh S, 'J' ^'^^ i
Scolia insigais, Sams. Ann. Soo. E,rt. Fr. 18o8, p. 197, pi. v, fag. 1, 5 ; Sauss.^ Sick. Cat. Scot. p. 4 / . Q Head pro- and mesonotum anteriorly, scntellura, and seg- ments 2-4 o'l: the abdomen smooth, with only a few scattered coarse Inctures- the apex of the mesonotum, the median segment, and EbS s'egment of the abdomen closely pnnctnred ; the clypeus a the m ddfe vertically and the postscutellnm transversely rugose; the median segment short, truncate posteriorly, the apex emar- SnaS legs densely pubescent and spinose. Variegated with black yellow, and red, with black and ferruginous pubescence ; Se clypeus, the antenna., region of the ocelli, pro- and ~tum postscutellum, median segment, legs, abdomen black ; the head above, the base of the antennae, and the scuteUum red , the 2nd and 3rd segments of the abdomen with a large yellow macula on each side at base above; the pubescence on the clypeus around the base of the antennte, on the pronotum, on the middle ot the median segment, and on the 2nd and following segments o the abdomen ferruginous red, that on the sides of the thorax, the legs and basal segment of the abdomen black on the legs mixed wi h some ferruginous hairs : wings deep tulyo-hyaline, broadly but hghtly fuscescent along the apical and posterior margins ; nervures testaceous brown ; tegulaj black. nnrl ^ similar but with the head, thorax, and abdomen hnely and closely punctured all over ; the head and scutellum are black, not red, and the ferruginous pubescence extends over the vertex ot the' head, the mesonotum, and scutellum. yr -u ■
Hah. Southern Europe ; Persia; Karachi; Punjab?; Kashmir. §. Lengtli 40-45; exp. 68-74 mm. 6- Length 25-31; exp. 48-56 mm.
B. Fore wing tvith two cubital cells.
165. Scolia erratica. Smith, Cat. iii, p. 88.
Scolia verticalis, Bunn. Ahh. Nat. Ges. Halh, i, pt. 4, p. 37 (nec
Fabr. Ent. Syst. n,v-^^^)- „ . iq-q oio o Scolia westermanni, Sauss. Ann. Soc. Ent. lu: ISob, p. ¥ •
78
SCOLIIDJE.
2 . Head smooth, with only a very few scattered punctures ; thorax and abdomen coarsely punctured, the punctures on seg- ments 2-5 of the latter rather sparse; clypeus with a central, subtriangular raised portion, above which there is an abbreviated vertical furrow ; median segment short, posteriorly truncate, the truncation concave ; legs pubescent and spinose ; abdomen pseudo- sessile, about as long as the head and thorax together. Black, the head bricli-red, the sides and anterior margin of the clypeus narrowly blackish; wings dark fuscous, with a rich purple eifulgence.
c? similar, but smaller, with porrect thick antenna, and wanting the raised central subtriangular plane on the clypeus; wings lighter in colour, with less of the purple effulgence.
Hah. Sikhim ; Burma ; Tenasserim ; Sumatra ; Java. 5 . Length 17-19; eocp. 30-32 mm. d. Length 13-15; exp. 31- 32 mm.
166. Scolia elizabethae, n. sp.
2 . Head smooth ; thorax closely and coarsely punctured, the posterior margin of the pronotum narrowly, the median portion of the mesonotum, scutellum, and postscutellum smooth; the median segment more closely punctured than the rest, posteriorly concavo-truncate ; the abdomen not so closely punctured, the basal segments shining. Black, the back of the head, the pronotum, sides of the thorax, median segment, legs, and posterior margins of the segments of the abdomen covered with a thin black pubescence ; the mandibles fringed beneath with long red- dish hairs ; the flagellum of the antennae, the head in front and above the base of the scape, and the basal half of the 3rd segment of the abdomen above deep reddish yellow ; wings fuscous, with a brilliant purple effulgence. cJ similar, but slighter, covered all over
Y\g.\b. Scolia with a thin hoary pubescence mixed with some
elizabethm, S . \. black hairs, and differing in having the flagellum of the antennae of a deeper fulvous-red, and the clypeus, a transverse mark in front above the base of the antennae, but not quite up to the anterior ocellus, a narrow line behind the eyes, the anterior lateral angles of the pronotum, and a large spot laterally at the base of the 3rd segment of the abdomen clear straw-yellow ; the abdomen has iridescent purple gleams in certain lights, and the wings are light fusco-hyaline, with the costal margin and apex of fore wing broadly fuscous, having a purple effulgence.
Vnr. c7 . The lateral yellow spots at the base of the 3rd segment of the abdomen obsolete.
Bah. Sikhim above 4000 feet ; the higher hill forests in Tenasserim and Karennee. $ . Length 22-26 ; exp. 48-51 mm. cj. Length 19-23; exp. 40-45 mm.
70
SCOLTA. • '
167. Scolia molesta, Sams. ^- S,ch. Cat. Scof V- ni, 2 cJ , Cam.
Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) v, 1892, p. 104. Scolia erratica, Sauss. {noc Smith) Ann. Soc. Ent. Ir. 1858, p. 211, 2 ; Stettin, ent. Zeit. 1859, p. 187, 2 <S • 2 Closely resembles S. erratica, Smith ; differs in the meso'notam oa the disc bring smooth with only a few scattered ^mcJures. and in having, on the whole, the thorax -d aMomen less closely punctured than that species; in colour ^- Te antenL with the scape and only one or two o£ the basal oTnts of the flagellnm red, while in S. erratica the antennas aie
^''^'^Differs from the same sex of S. erratica in haying the thorax less densely punctured, in the abdomen having a brilliant pnrple effulgence, and the wings being of a lighter colour.
Hlb. Tenasserim; Siam; Singapore; Sumatra; Java; Borneo. 2. Length 24-5i7; exp. 42-44 mm. d- Length 19-22; ex^,. 38-40 mm.
168. Scolia biltiiiata,&Mss.^««. Soc. Ent. F>:mQ, p. 212 ; to. ^
Sich. Cat. Scot. p. 115, c? ; Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4^) V, 1892, p. 105. Scolia bengalensis, Cam. t. c. p. 104, 2 6 ■ 2 Densely punctured and pubescent ; the clypeus in the middle, the vertex, and forehead smooth, with only a few punctures ; the abdomen with finer punctures, beneath the base of the 2nd and following segments smooth ; legs with strong and stitt hairs. Black, the flagellum of the antennae, except the basal pint, brick- red the 3rd segment of the abdomen with a large yellow spot on 'each side, the anterior tarsi obscurely piceous ; wings dark fuscous suffused with violet, paler at the apical and posterior
margins. „ , , „ ,
J similar, but has only the apex of the antennae fulvous, • and the 4th not the 3rd "segment of the abdomen bimaculated. The 2 sometimes has lateral spots also on the 4th, and the 6 on the 5th segment of the abdomen.
iTrtft. Nepal; Poona; Bangalore. 2 ■ Length 18-25; exp. 32-42 mm. 6 • Length' 15-19 ; exp. 24-28 mm.
169. Scolia aureipennis, Lepel. Sym. iii, p. 625, 2 ; 'S'^mss- <-5- Sich. Cat. Scot, p . 109, 2 c? ; Cam. Mem. 3Ianch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) v, 1892, p. 103. ^ „ „ ,
Scolia jurinei, Sauss. Melan. Hijm. (Mhn. Soc. Phys. M. J\. Crencoe, xiv) p. 45.
Scolia instahilis, Smit Ca i iii, p. 88.
Scolia ruficornis, Eluy, Web. S,- Mohr, Beitr. i, p. 25.
2 . Head smooth, with a few distant punctures ; thorax and abdomen more closely punctured, the latter slightly pubescent ; clypeus smooth and shining in the centre, with stiff hairs on each side and round the base of the antenna ; scutellum, postscutellum, and median segment smooth, with a few coarse scattered punctures ;
80 scoLiiD-i;.
abdomen more finely punctured, the sides oE the 2nd and 5th se-^raents smooth and without punctures. BlaclL, the flagellum ot the antennro execpt the basal joint red, the pubescence on the sides of the clypeus and about the base ol; antenna) ferruginous, the re.rt black; wngs fuscous, with purple, coppery, and green reflections.
^ similar, more finely punctured and more pubescent, the flageUum of the antenna fuscous, above fulvous-red ; the abdomen with brilliant prismatic tints of purple and blue. .
Eab Sikhim; Malabar; Tenasserim ; Java; and the Philippines. 5 . Length 29-44 ; exp. 48-54 mm. J a httle smaller.
170. Scolia obscura, Xe;W. Ilym. iii, p. 527, 5; S7,iith, Cat. iii, B 89- Sau^s. Sich. Cat. Scot. p. 113; Cam. Mem. Manoh. L. Fh. Soc. (4) V, 1892, p. 104.
9 Head, thorax, and abdomen very sparsely punctured, the minctures somewhat closer on the pronotum, anterior half of the mesonotum, and on the 4th and 5th abdominal segments above ; the vertex of the head, the posterior half of the mesonotum, seuteUum, postscutellum, median segment, and basal two segments of the abdomen with only a very few distant punctures ; median segment short, sloping laterally from a central longitudinal Ime concavo-truncate posteriorly ; abdomen massive, the, basal segment taberculate above Black, with black and scanty ferruginous pubescence; head in front, pro- and mesonotum anteriorly and the basal seg.nent of the abdomen with a ferruginous tint; the antenna) bright yellow, the scape nigro-ferrugmous ; the legs and apical segment of the abdomen ferruginous, studded xvith stiff ferruginous hairs ; wings fuscous with a coppery, m certain hghts a golden, efl^ulgence, nervures and tegul^ ferruginous.
Mab. Bengal. ? . Length 18 ; e.vp. 36 mm.
171. Scolia bhamoensis, Magretti, Ann. Mus. Civ. Gm. (2") xii, 1892, p. 239, 5 ■
P Head the pronotum, and propleurse somewhat closely, the xne^ol- and metanotum densely and deeply punctured, cribrate, t^? meso- and metapleura smooth, shinmg posteriorly, shghtly nuncTured ; the basal abdominal segment coarsely and deeply, the 9nd ind 3rd sparsely, and the remaining segments still more 1 i,fW nunctured • head and pronotum with a thm short pubes- cete 'h'X-sT nd the abdomen beneath covered with long hau-s. Black the head (the mandibles, the apical margin of the clypeus, fhe base of the aiitennm, and a line above the ocelh excepted), the rf.nnl .niles of the pronotum, and a minute Ime on the margin of "h meinot im above the tegute golden or rufo-ferruginous ;
Eab. Bhamo, Upper Burma. ? . Le^igth 22 mm.
SCOLIA.
81
172. Scolia Mvifrons, Snuss. Mel. Hym. p. 43, pi. -, fig'. 11, 9 ;
Sauss. lV Sich. Cat. Scol. p. 116, $ Cum. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) V, 1892, p. 106. Scolia persoiiata, Sniitli, Cat. iii, p. 91.
P Scolia bipunctata, Klug, Web. Sf Mohr, Beitr. Naturk. i, p. .36.
S . Head, thorax, and abdomen closely and finely punctured and pubescent, the pubescence thick and close on each side ot" the clypeus, on the back of the head, the pronotum in front, the sides of the thorax, the legs, and abdomen ; the anterior ocellus sunk in a pit, a short transverse furrow immediately behind the posterior ocelli ; the disc of the mesonotum smooth ; the median segment very short, posteriorly concavo-truncate ; abdo- men very long, nearly twice the length of the head and thorax together. Black, the 3rd and the apical half of the 4th segment yellow: the pubescence black on the black parts of the body, fulvous red on the yellow. Var. The head in front yellow.
$ similar, but with the vertex of the head and two lateral spots on the 3vd segment of the abdomen yellow.
Hah. India (Sauss.) ; Sylhet ; Assam ; Burma ; Tenasserim ; Singapore. $ . " Length 37 ; exp. 68 mm." d . LengiJi 35 ; exp. 68 mm.
Hote. — I have described the male in full, as neither in my own nor the British Museum collections are there any female specimens.
*173. Scolia noMlis, Smtss. Ann. Soc. lint. 1): 1858, p. 214,5 ; Sauss. Sr Sich. Cat Scol. p. 117, $ ; Cam. Mem. 3Ianch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) V, 1892, p. 106.
2 . "Of large or medium size, shining ; head impunctate, with fulvous pubescence, front and vertex yellow, antennae black, their base ferruginous ; thorax with fulvous pubescence, densely punc- tured, cribrate, anteriorly ; in the middle and on the scutellum shining, impunctate ; metathorax with cinereous pile, shining, lightly punctured ; the base of the abdomen with fulvous pub- escence ; the 2nd and 3rd segments with two spots or bands vellow ; the apical segment with fuscous hairs ; legs red ; wings pale fuscous with a rosy effulgence. Length 25 mm. : wine 21 mm. "Hah. India."
174. Scolia humeralis, Sauss. Cat. Scol., Mantissa, ii, p. .321 : Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) v, 1892, p. 102. Scolia scapulata, Oribodo, Ann. Mus. Civ. Gen. (2') i, 1884, p. 362.
$ . Head smooth, the thorax and abdomen punctured; clypeus transversely oval, pubescent at the sides ; the centre of the median segment and the apex of the scutellum and postscutellum smooth ; median segment very short, posteriorly truncate, the truncation convex ; abdomen pseudosessile. Black ; the head above the base of the antennae, the shoulders of the prothorax, and a square
TOL. I. fi
82
BC0LIID.5.
macula on each side of the base of the 3rd and 4th segments of the abdomen fulvous red; the pubescence on the abdomen above black, on the clypeus, the back of the head, and the ventral segments of the abdomen silvery white.
d similar, but the head black, with only the emargination of the eyes fulvous red.-Varietiea have one or both spots on the abdomen reduced to mere specks, or the spot on the 4th segment
"''Srl^'Smaf'Tenasserim, extending to the Malay Peninsuk. $. Length 14-18; eccp. 26-32 mm. 6- Length 13-1 < ; exp. 28-30 mm.
175. Scolia cucuUata, n. sp.
9 Head, thorax, and abdomen smooth and shining ; the head, mesonotum scutell^im, postscutellum, and abdomen with a few SreguTariy scattered coarse and deep punctures Pronotmn and median segment more closely and finely punctured, the latter ^ostex^rly' concave, with the lateral posterior angles somewhat
educed; the^a^^^^^^^^^^
eTeaKr^edT clypei. a eo W^^^^
below the vertex, and the antennae black, the 3rd and 4m abdominaf segments with large deep red macute on each side; tings dark fuscous, with a brilliant purple eft^lgence.
Mab. Sikhim ; Bengal. ? . Length lb ; e.vp. 27 mm.
176. Scolia l^viceps, Smith, Cat. iii, p. 91, ? d; Sauss. ^ Sich. Cat. ScuL p. 118. £ I.
punctures finer on the latter , oiy p ^ j pronotum in
pubescent hollow on "^f ' ^^,^;\°^th tS/ pubescent,
rout, and abdomen laterally J^^f J^^^^^^ le^ and abdomen Black, the pubescence cinereous, that on the legs
'T"SJ.\vith erect black P"^»-f|;„^;^ t^^lt'o'f „en with finer «"<lf,rLTe ;Seri r^^^^^^^^^^ --^
30 mm. 1 . fngA 12-16 i °i>- Soc. lij v, 1892, p. 102.
SCOLIA.
83
raised and projecting ovei' the base of the antennas, its infei-ioi- half thickly and finely punctured ; median segment broad, concave- truncate, smooth and shining laterally at the base ; basal segment of abdomen campanulate. Black, vA'ith sparse black pubescence on the back of the head, the sides of the thorax, the legs, and abdo- men, the last with a purple iridescent effulgence; wings dark, fuscous at the base, with a purple and, at apex, with a coppery golden effulgence.
d similar, but slighter, and with the wings of a lighter colour.
Hah. Ceylon ; Java. $ . Length 18 ; exp. 26 mm. d slightly smaller.
*178. Scolia carbonaria, Sauss. Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr. 1858, p. 210, J Sauss. 1.5- Sich. Cat. Scnl. p. 106, 5 J; Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) V, 1892, p. 103.
5 . "Of largish size, black and pubescent ; head and thorax lightly punctured all over, shining; abdomen highly polished and suffused with blue and violet tints, the base constricted, not tuberculate, the apex densely punctured ; the flattened calcar of the anterior tibise testaceous ; wings fuscous black with violet, purple, and blue effulgence, the costal margin obscure.
c? densely punctured. The front between the antennae and the oceUi with a quadrate depression transversely carinate, obtuse below, above markedly so. Abdomen densely and profoundly punctured, with a bluish tint. Wings fusco-violaceous, with violet, coppery, and deep blue effulgence, the costa black.
" Hah. India. $ . Length 28 ; wing 22 mm. S • Length 22 ; wing 17 mm."
*179. Scolia redtenbacheri, Sauss. Stettin ent. Zeit. 1859, p. 186 ; Saitss. ^ Sich. Cat. Scol. p. 105 ; Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) V, 1892, p. 103.
5 . " Of small size, length of S. maura, Fabr. (i. e. 18-25 mm.) ; black, shining, the pubescence entirely black, abdomen and meta- notum suffused with violet tints ; thorax cribrate, but the middle of the mesonotum and the lateral lobes smooth, sparsely punctured, the metanotum deeply emarginate ; the 1st abdominal segment slender, funnel-shaped ; wings of a fuscous purple. c? • More slender, densely punctured all over. Length 24 ; wing 1*1 mm."
Hah. Barrackpore; Java.
180. Scolia csenilans, Zepel. Hym. iii, p. 526 ; Smith, Cat. ill, p. 87 ; Sauss. Si- Sich. Cat. Scot. p. 104, .
d . Head, thorax, and abdomen closely and somewhat coarsely punctured ; clypeus scutiform, subconvex, its anterior margin rather acute in the middle ; mesonotum with two short, parallel, longi- tudinally impressed lines on the disc above the tegulai ; the scutellum large, prominent ; median segment short, sloped poste- riorly, truncate at apex, the truncation slightly concave; legs
G 2
84 scoliidjE,
short, pubescent and spinose ; abdomen long, much longer than the head and thorax together, the basal segment narrow and contracted. Black, with black pubescence on the head, the apex of the median segment, and on the apical two segments of the abdomen above ; the abdomen in certain lights with blue and purple retlections ; wings fuscous, with a golden and coppery effulgence ; nervures and tegula; brownish black.
Hah. India; Burma; Tenasserim. 6- Length 27-30; exp. 49-54 mm.
181. Scolia indica, Sams. Mel. mjm. p. 46, pi. — fisr. 10; <^ Sich. Cat. Scol. p. 119, S; Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) v, 1892, p. 106. Scolia ignita, Smith, Cat. m, p. 101, ? .
2 The head flat above and smooth, the front of the face and between the antennaj thickly punctured and pubescent; the clvpeus with its anterior margin subtriangular and narrowly smooth : thorax with coarse deep punctures; the posterior margin of the pronotum, the middle of the mesonotum, ot the post- scutellum, and of the median segment smooth and impunctate ; the abdomen also smooth and impunctate, or with a very few scattered punctures above and below. Black, with black pubescence on the front of the face and legs ; the sides of the clypeus with a little silverv pile on each side, and the 2nd to the 5th segments of the abdomen with broad bands of stifE ferrugmous-red hairs con- tinued below, the apical segment entirely covered with ferrugmous Tabescence ; wings fuscous brown, with purple reflections. ^ simUa;, more slightly made much more finely and closely punctured on the abdomen as well as on the bead and thorax ; the &ypeus convex, almost round; wings of a lighter fuscous brown ; Jhe^pubescence on the apical segments of the abdomen of a much
liehter ferruginous colour.
Sylhet; North Bengal; Kumaun ; Travancore ; Burma Tenasserii. $ . Length 30-40 ; e^p. 48-56 mm. <S • Length 20 . exp. 42 mm.
182 Scolia quadripustulata, Fahr. Spec. Ins.\,v. 453 ; i'^- f^t- fff/- ii, p 234 ; id Syst. Piez. p. 244 ; Lepel. Hym. in, p. 628; Smith,
Larra'qiiadr'ipustulata, Fair. Ent. Syd ii, y. 222.
Scolia hinotata, Fahr. Syst. Piez V- . „ , , , ^g-^r.
Scolia hipunctata(?) et sex-pustulata. Mug, Weh. ^ Mohr, mitr.
Naturk. i, pp. 35 & 36. •• „f o „ 9^4
Scolia fasciato-puBctata ^"^'•/^^^^I'Tx 18 9 ;%6 9 Scolia fervida. Smith, A. M. N. H (2) P- 4'^'
Scolia stizus, Sauss. Sich. Cat. Scol. p. 118, 5 • 0 Head and segments 2-5 of the abdomen sparsely and rather ^ ■ w «;.l the thorax and basal and apical abdominal segments
SCOLIA.
85
segmeut short posteriorly, truncate and concave; legs densely pubescent and spinose ; abdomea pseudosessile, longer than the bead and thorax together. Black, w ith black pubescence, that on the legs and apical segment of the abdomen reddish brown in certain lights; colouring of the abdomen very variable, any or all of segments 2-5 may have red lateral luaculac, sometimes coalescing in the middle of the segment above and forming a broad fascia at its base ; wings dark fuscous with a purple effulgence.
d similar, but smaller and slighter, with thick porrect antennae, which occasionally have an obscure reddish tint at apex.
Bab. Throughout India ; Burma ; Tenasserim ; extending to Sumatra and Java. 2 . Levgth 15-21 ; ea^p. 27-35 mm. J ■ Length 11-16 ; e.vj7. 20-29 mm.
183. Scolia sikkimensis, J]mffh. Jour. Linn. Soc, Zool. xxv, 1896, p. 423, 2 6.
2 • Closely allied to S. histrionica, Fabr., but differs as follows : — The clypeus has the middle raised, triangular, flat, and smooth, without punctures, above this a short carina runs up between the bases of the antennae; the puncturing on the mesonotum and scutellum is much sparser, leaving a central space perfectly bare and smooth ; the median segment is narrower, and less concave posteriorly ; the basal segment of the abdomen is tuberculate above, more contracted, and somewhat more closely punctured. In colour the clypeus, the front to a liitle above the base of the antennae, the apical nine joints of the flagellum of the antenna, the whole of the ihorax except the posterior lateral angles of the median segment, the basal and apical three segments of the abdomen, a narrow fascia above at base of the 2nd, and the apical margins of the 2nd and 3rd segments are black ; the front below the vertex, the occiput, the posterior lateral angles of the median segment, a small spot on each side at base of the 1st abdominal segment, the bases of the 2nd and 3rd and a lengthened lateral subapical spot on the 4tb, yellow; the scape and basal two joints of the flagellum of the antenna?, and the femora, tibiae, and tarsi of the legs red with reddish pubescence, which also covers sparsely the thorax and basal segment of the abdomen : beneath, the pectus, the coxaj, and trochanters, and the whole of the abdomen are black : wings brownish hyaline, a long streak beyond the cubital cells and the costal margin of the fore wing darker brown.
J. The head and thorax pruinose, closely punctured; the abdomen smooth, shining, with scattered punctures ; the median segment not truncate but with a steep slope to the apex ; the abdomen subfusiform, with the basal segment contracted. Black ; the clypeus, the emargination of the eyes, the front below the vertex, a streak behind the eyes, the pronotum, the sides of the pro- thorax, the tegula;, a longitudinal streak above them on the meso- notum, the apex of the scutellum and postscutellum in the middle, the sides and a triangular spot in the middle at the apex
86
SCOLIIDjE.
of the mediau segment, the anterior coxffi in front, femora, tibise, and tarsi, tlie intermediate femora and a streak on the tibia) above, the posterior coxa3 in front and the femora, a large spot on each side at base of the 1st segment of the abdomen, the base of the 2nd broadly, and the whole 3rd and 4th above, yellow : beneath, the abdomen has a yellow band on the 3rd and yellow lateral markings on the 2nd and 4th segments : wings somewhat lighter in colour than in the ? .
Bob. Sikhim; Bengal. $. Length 20-23; exp. 43-45 mm. cJ . Length 19-22 ; exp. 40-44 mm.
184. Scolia histrionica, Fabr. Ent. Syst. Suppl. p. 256; Sauss. ^ Sich. Cat. Sco!. p. 121, 2. Scolia picteti, Sauss. Mel. Bym. p. 42, 5 . Scolia pulchra, ISmith, Cat. m, p. 88, $ .
? . Head above and abdomen sparsely but coarsely punctured, the clypeus and front to a little above the antennae, the thorax, and apical two segments of the abdomen above and below densely punctured ; the vertex broad, very shghtly convex ; median segment short, posteriorly truncate, concave, with the posterior lateral angles produced ; legs pubescent and thickly spinose ; abdomen broad, pseudosessile, the basal segment shghtly tuberculate m the middle above. Variegated with black, red, and yeUow, the pubescence reddish, the posterior margins of the abdominal secrments cUiated with a mixture of red and black hairs; the clypeus, the face to a little above the antenna?, the region ot the ocelh, the mesonotum, the apical margins of the basal three seg- ments of the abdomen, and a median longitudinal streak on the dra and 4th, black; the black marking on the basal segment is ^yldest in the middle, that on the 2nd is doubly emargmate anteriorly ; the front above, the vertex, back of the head, sides of the pro- notum, and bases of segments 2-4 of the abdomen above, yellow ; the antenna, the pronotum in the middle, the scutellum, post- scutellum, median segment, legs, basal halF of the 1st and apical two segments of the abdomen above, red ; wings brownish hyaline, opaque along the nervures of the fore wing, and with an opaque spot in the 2nd discoidal cell and a brownish cloud at the apex beyond the radial cell ; nervures testaceous brown ; tegulse red.
Hal North-west Provinces; Bengal; Bangalore; Burma; Tenasserim. $ . Length 22-25 ; exp. 41-44 mm.
185 Scolia desidiosa, Bingh. Jour. Linn. Soc, Zool. xxv, 1896, p.424, ?.
Q Head and abdomen sparsely punctured, thorax finely and closely punctured ; clypeus transversely oval, reticula e m the middle, punctured at the sides, the space around the ocelh, on the vertex and behind the eyes smooth and shining ; the '"esonotum Ind scutellum in the middle with the punctures coarser and more widely spaced; median segment very short, truncate, the sides a
SCOLIA..
87
little produced pubescent aud
■pig. Vt.Scolia (Discolia) desidiosa,
2- h
posteriorly and sparsely punctured; legs densely spiuose ; abdomen smooth and shining, the punctures fine and scattered, the apical margins of the segments ciliated above and below with stiff hairs, the apical segment densely and finely punctured and pubescent. Variegated with black and yellow, the pubescence above and below whitish, the cUia on the segments of the abdomen above black ; two spots on the front above the base of the antennae, the lateral angles of the pronotum, a spot on the mesopleurae beneath the wings, the scutellum and postscutellum in the middle, the posterior lateral angles of the median segment, and large irregular markings on each side of segments 1-4 of the abdomen, chrome-yellow; the rest of the head, thorax, aud abdomen black; the 2nd segment has a black circular spot on each side within the yellow maculae, the maculEe on the 3rd segment nearly coalesce, those on the -ith are generally united by a narrow line ; wings fusco-hyaline, with a distinctly yellow wash, iridescent, somewhat darker along the costal margin : nervures testaceous brown ; tegulae black.
cT similar, but smaller and shghter ; the clypeus is yellow, there are no yellow spots on the front ; there is a yellow line on all the tibias above, and the apical margins of segments 1-5 are yellow, with the anterior margins of these bands on segments 1-4 emarginate anteriorly ; beneath, ventral segments 2-4 have a longish yellow spot laterally; wings much lighter than in the 2.
Hab. Sikhim ; Tenasserim. $ . Length 21 ; e.vp. 36 mm cJ. Length 18 ; exjo. 32 mm.
18fi. Scolia vivida. Smith, Cat. in, p. 89, cJ ; Sauss. ^ Sick. Cnf. Scot. p. 123; Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) v, 1892, p. 107.
J . Head, thorax, and abdomen with fine and close but shallow punctures, and a thin short pubescem-e : clypeus vertically suboval, its anterior margin rounded, posterior truncate ; median segment very short, concavo-truncate ; abdomen long, basal segment very slightly constricted at margin. Black, with cinereous pubescence ; the clypeus, a spot above it, the mandibles, outer orbits of the eyes, the sides of the pronotum, a patch under the wings, a narrow stripe on the pectus, the scutellum, postscutellum, and abdomen yellow ; the median segment laterally deep red ; the base and posterior margin uf the 1st abdominal segment, and the base of the 2nd-4th with the whole of the apical three segments, black ; legs black variegated with yellow ; wings hyaline, the fore wing rufescent fulvous along the costal margin, with the apex fuscous anteriorly.
Hab. Madras ; Poona. cJ • Lewjth 15 ; exp. 25 mm. $ un- known.
88
SCOLUDJE.
187. Scolia venusta, Stnith, Cat. iii, p. 90, 2 6 ; Sauss. ^ Sich. Cat. Scul. p. 120, ? d •
§ . Head, and the 2nd and 3rd segments of the abdomen sparsely punctured ; thorax, basal, 4th, and apical segments more closely punctured ; head slightly convex in front, an impressed vertical line from the anterior ocellus down the front to the base of the antenna} ; median segment with a steep slope to the apex, which is abruptly truncate ; legs pubescent and thickly spinose ; abdomen pseudosessile, a little longer than the head and thorax together. Black, with rufo-ferruginous pubescence, hairs, and spines ; a broad transverse stripe beneath the vertex not reaching the emargiuation of the eyes, a broad band above on the 2nd and the 3rd segment of the abdomen above, yellow, the band on the 2nd segment with an elongate lateral spot ; wiiigs brownish •hyaline, the costal margin of the fore wmg darker with a faint fuscescent cloud at the apex ; nervures and tegulsB testaceous brown.
•cj similar ; the head and thorax closely and rather coarsely punctured, abdomen more densely and finely punctured ; the head .and thorax clothed with dense, and the abdomen with a more sparse, short, soft, yellowish pubescence. Black, two lateral spots on the pronotum, the 2nd and 3rd, apical margin of the 4th, and long lateral spots on the 5th segment of the abdomen above, yellow; beneath, the abdomen is black with subtriangular lateral yellow spots on segments 2-5, those on the 5th segment being faint and barely indicated ; wings somewhat bghter than in the $ .
Eab. Kumaun ; Bvirma ; Tenasserim. ? . Length 18 ; ea-p. 40 mm. d • Length 18-20 ; exj}. 42-44 mm.
188. Scolia kirbyi, Magretti, Ann. Mm. Civ. Gen. (2") xii, 1892, p. 244, $ d •
Scolia floridida, Bingh. Jour. Linn. Soc, Zool. xxv, 1896, p. 425.
5 . Head in front smooth, the space below the antennse and around the ocelli coarsely punctured, the disc of the thorax cribrate; the thorax posteriorly, and the abdomen less densely, but distinctly and somewhat profoundly punctured. Black, shining, abdomen suffused with blue ; the thorax in front fringed with reddish and posteriorly with dense cinereous yellow hairs ; head in front, vertex, sides of the pronotum, scutellum, a small round lateral spot at base of the 1st abdominal segment, a suboval lateral spot at the base of the 2nd, a broad hue deeply emarginate above and below on the 3rd, and the anterior femora and tibias, citron-yellow; wings flavo-hyaline, the costal margin of the front wing opaquely fusco-ferruginous, and the apex with a hght f usco-violaceous oval spot ; tegulse rufo-ferruginous.
d similar, but differing in having the vertex of the head black, the postscutellum and the femora and tibiffi of aU the legs yellow.
Hah. Karen Hills, Burma ; Tenasserim. $ . Leiujth 19 mm. d . Length 16 mm.
SCOLIA. — ^ELIS.
89
189. Scolia specifica, Smith, Cat. iii, p. 89, $ ; Sauss. S,- Sic/i. Cat. Scol.
p. 117 ; Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) v, 1892, p. 106.
$ . Very finely and closely punctured, the region of the ocelli somewhat smooth, with a transverse slightly arched furrow passing over the posterior ocelli ; median segment with the sides angular and produced, the apex strongly concave ; abdomen stout, longer than the head and thorax together, basal segment sub- tuberculate above. Black with black pubesence, the pronotum laterally, and the 2ud, 3rd, and 4th segments laterally marked with yellow, two minute yellow spots at the base of the 5th segment above ; wings fuscous with a purple effulgence.
Var. The pronotum entirely black; the wings fusco-hyaline, slightly purplish at apex.
Hah. India {Smith). $ . Lenrjth 19-25 ; exp. 36-40 mm,
190. Scolia eliforinis, Sauss. Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr. 1858, p. 215; Sauss.
Sf Sich. Cat. Scol. p. 120, (S I Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Sue. (4) v, 1892, p. 107.
d . Head, thorax, and abdomen densely and strongly punc- tured ; the clypeus subtriangular, convex, its anterior margin arched, smooth and shining, with only a few scattered punctures ; basal segment of the abdomen slightly constricted. Black with black pubescence, segments 2-4 of the abdomen ciliated with grey hairs above and below ; wings light fuscous, subhyaline, nervures and tegulse black, an oblique hyaline streak in the 1st cubital cell.
Hah. Southern India ; Ceylon, d • Length 28 ; exp. 53 mm. 5 unknown.
Genus ELIS.
Elis, Fabr. Syst. Piez. p. 248 (1804). Campsomeris, Lepel. Hym. iii, p. 496 (1845). Colpa, pt., Lepel. Hym.m, p. 534 (1845). Scolia, pt.. Smith, Cat. iii, p. 85 (1855).
Elis (subgen. Trielis and Diehs), Sauss. ^ Sich. Cat. Scol. pp. 140, 161 (1864).
Fig. 17.— Elis iris. \.
Type, E. sexcincta, Fabr. lianrje. Both hemispheres.
Characters those of the family. Fore wing with one radial, and three (subgen. Trielis), or two (subgen. Dielis) cubital cells and
90
tiuo recurrent, nervures received separately by the 2nd cubital cell, lu this genus there is often a very considerable difference in the style of coloration in the two sexes of the same species.
Subgen. Tmelis : with 3 cubital cells and 2 recurrent nervures. Key to the Species.
a. Head red above, abdomen variegated with red . H. Htigiom, p. 90.
b. Head, thorax, and abdomen wholly black -E. orientalis, p. 90.
191. Elis litigiosa.
Scolia litigiosa, Smith, Cat. iii, p. 113, $ .
Elis litio^iosft, Sams. Sf Sich. Cat. Scol. p. 158 ; Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) V, 1892, p. 112.
2 . Head smooth, with a few coarse punctures ; clypeus vertically striate ; front between and above the base of the antennse strongly convex, a deeply impressed transverse line level with the emargination of the eyes, receiving in the middle an inter-antennal vertically impressed line starting from the base of the clypeus ; thorax with the pronotum truncate in front, and the median segment concavo-truncate posteriorly, sparsely and coarsely punctured on the pro- and mesouotum, scutellum and post- scutellum, and densely on the middle above and posterior face of the median segment; abdomen sparsely punctured, the base of the 3rd and middle of the 4th segment above smooth and shining. Black, the head except the apex of the clypeus and the antennae, the pronotum, and the 3rd and 4th segments of the abdomen above red; apex of the clypeus, the antennas, the pronotum in the middle anteriorly, and a central obscure line down the middle of the 3rd and 4th abdominal segments, rufo-piceous ; wings dark fuscous with green reflections.
Hah. India. ? . Length 22 ; exp. 38 mm. 6 unknown.
192. Elis orientalis, Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) v, 1892, p. 112.
2 . The clypeus and the front and head above, the mesonotum and the abdoinen above sparingly punctured, the rest of the head and thorax densely and coarsely punctured; the space above the antennte finely and closely punctured ; the pronotum and median segment very" short, the latter abruptly truncate posteriorly and with a central longitudinal carina ending at the edge of the truncation ; the pai-apsidal furrows well marked and continued down the face of the truncation, which is smooth and shining between the furrows ; legs stout, studded with spines and stiff hairs ; abdomen massive and long, much longer than the head and thorax put togeth.ir, basal segment slightly constricted, the segments above and beneath with long scattered pubescence ; the ventral segments smooth at base, with subapical broad bands of punctures.
ELIS.
91
Black with black pubescence ; wings dark fuscous with a brilliant purple eilulgeuce ; the pubescence at the back of the head greyish. Hah. Ceylou. $ . Length 17 ; exp. 30 mm.
Subgen. Dielis : ivith 2 cubital cells and 2 recurrent nervures. Key to the Sj>ecies.
A. ? known, d unknown.
a. Abdomen wholly black.
a. Wings flavo-h valine JE. habrocoma, p. 97.
b'. Wings dark fuscous.
d^. Head and thorax with white or fulvous
pubescence ; abdomen with black . . B.fimbriata, p. 99. h^. Head and thorax with black pubes- cence ; abdomen with black, segments 1-3 fimbriated with white B. tristis, p. 92.
b. Abdomen red or black, with reddish or
yellow markings.
a'. Abdomen wholly castaneous red . . E. engone, p. 92.
b'. Abdomen black, the 2nd segment with
lateral yellow marks ; 3rd and following [p- 93.
segments fuscous red ■ E. i-ubromaculata,
c'. Abdomen black, segments 1-3 with lateral yellow maculae.
a-. Thorax wholly black E. bella, p. 93.
b-. Thorax black with yellow markings. . E. eximia, p. 94.
B. 2 and S both known.
Females.
a. Abdomen with uninternipted transverse
yellow bands above. Wings flavo- or
fulvo-hyaline, with a subapical fuscous
spot on the fore wing.
a'. Antennfe black E. iris, p. 94.
v. AntennEe fidvous red E. ceylonica, p. 94.
b. Abdomen with lateral yellow spots or broad
medially-interrupted bands E. luctuosa, p. 95.
c. Abdomen wholly black.
a'. Wings clear hyaline, with a subapical fuscous spot in the fore wing; occiput
finely and closely punctured E. annulata, p. 96,
v. Wings fiavo-hyaline, with a subapical fuscous spot in the fore wing ; occiput
smooth, impunctate E. lindenii, p. 96.
cl . Wings fiavo-hyaline, without a subapical spot in fore wing.
a'-*. Length 25-30 mm E. grossa, p. 97.
h\ Leng th 20-22 mm E. prismatica, p. 98.
6•^ Length 8 mm E. hirsiita, p. 98.
d' . Wings fuscous.
a^. Basal four abdominal segments ciliated
with black hairs E. thoraeica, p. 99.
i'. Basal four abdominal segments ciliated
with cinereous hairs E. asiatica, p. 100.
c^. Basal four abdominal segments ciliated [p. 96.
with fulvous golden hairs E. lindenii (var.).
92
SCOLITDjE.
Males.
a. Clypeus entirely yellow.
a'. Basal segment constricted E. ceylomca, p. 94.
b'. Basal segment not constricted E. iris, i). 94.
b. Clypeus yellow, tbe centre black.
a'. Posterior margins of segments 1-4 with transverse yellow bands.
a-. Length 13-22 mm E. annulafa, p. 90.
b'-. Length 9 mm E. hirsuta, p. 98.
V . Posterior margin of segments 1-5 with transverse yellow bands. d-. Scutellum with yellow markings .... E. grossa, p. 97.
h-. Scutellum wholly black E. jjiismaticu, p. 98.
c'. Posterior margins of abdominal segments
without yellow markings E. thoracica, p. 99.
c. Base of clypeus black, anterior half yellow . E. lindenii, p. 9li.
d. Clypeus entirely black.
a'. Abdomen black, segments 2 and 3 with
lateral yellow spots E. luctuosa, p. 95.
b'. Abdomen black, segments 1-4 with their margins white or yellow.
Wings fusco-hyaline E. asiatica, p. 100.
6^. Wings deep ferruginous E. ci/(inea», p. 100.
c'. Abdomen entirely black E. reticulata*, p. 100.
193. Elis tristis, Sauss. Stettin ent. Zeit. 1859, p. 265 ; Sottas. S, Sich.
Cat. Scot. p. 193, ? ; Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) v, 1892, p. 110.
5 . Head above smooth, almost impunctate ; sides and base of the clypeus aud the space above the anteuuce closely punctured and pubescent ; an inter- antennal carina at right angles to a waved transverse one crossing the hont about the level of the emargi- nation of the eyes ; thorax above coarsely and closely pimctured ; disc of the mesonotum and the pleuras smooth and shiumg; median segment finely punctured, concavo-truncate posteriorly ; abdomen long, sparsely punctured, the punctures very shallow and ill-defined, intensely black, with black pubescence ; segments 1-3 of the abdomen fringed, narrowly in the middle, broad- ening at the sides, with snow-white hairs ; wings dark fuscous, with a blue and purple efEulgence, nervures piceous, tegulae shming
black. . „ . ,
Nab. "India orientali" (Sauss.) ; Mergui, Teuasserim ; Pulo
Penang ; Singapore ; Java. ? . Length 29-38 ; e^^:^^. 44-48 mm. J unknown.
194. Elis erigone, n. sp.
$ Head, the vertex, and cheeks smooth ; the front above the base of the' antennas and the base of the clypeus pubescent, the former somewhat coarsely punctured ; the apical half of the
* Of E. cyanea and E. reticulata only tbe males are known.
EMS.
93
clvpeiis longituclinallv rugose ; pronotum and the back of the head densely pubescent ; the mesonotum, scutellum, postscutelluin, and median segment coarsely but not very closely punctured, sparsely pubescent- the mediaA segment concave-truncate posteriorly, above in the midcUe subtuberculate ; abdomen broad, segments 1-4 smooth, fimbriated posteriorly; 5th and 6th coarsely punc- tured and set with stiff hairs. Vertex o£ the head, mesonotoim, scutellum, postscutellum, and median segment black ; mandibles, clypeus, antennEE, pronotum in front, legs, and abdomen castaneous red : pubescence hoary white, reddish on the median segment, legs, and abdomen ; wings hyaline and iridescent, suffused with a brownish tint ; nervures and tegultc testaceous.
Var The whole head, thorax, and abdomen castaneous red.
ffah. The Deccan. 5 • Length 18-21 ; exp. 30-40 mm. Type in the British Museum.
195. Elis rubro-maculata.
ScoUa rubro-mar-ulata, Smith, Cat. m, p. 99, 2 • Elis ruhro-maculata, Sauss. Sf Sich. Cat. Scol. p. 196, ? ; Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) v, 1892, p. 110.
9 Head and thorax coarsely and closely punctured, shining ; abdomen smooth and shining, with a few fine scattered punctures ; the ret^ion of the ocelli, the disc of the mesonotum, the scutellum, postscutellum, and median segment smooth and almost impunc- tate • the 2nd to the 5th abdominal segments with one or two sub- marginal rows of punctures ; the apical segment closely and finely punctured. Black; the head with mixed black and cmereous pubescence : the legs and basal two abdominal segments fringed with black hairs ; the 2nd segment with a lateral yellow macula ; the base of the 3rd and the following segments deep fuscous red, with the pubescence more or less ferruginous red.
Hab. India (Smith); Burma; Tenasserim ; Jaya {Sams.). $ . Length 33-40 ; exp. 62 mm.
196. Elis bella, n. sp.
$ . Head and thorax pubescent, very closely and coarsely punctured and rugose under the pubescence; front above the antennsB remarkably prominent and convex, unlike any species known to me ; clypeus smooth, its apex angular, the sides oblique ; median segment short, concavo-truncate posteriorly, the face of the truncation as closely punctured as the rest of the thorax, and with the punctures running into vertical strise ; the pleurte impunctate, pruinose ; abdomen stout, opaque, the posterior margins of the segments fimbriated ; the anal segment studded with short stiff hairs. Black, the posterior margins of abdominal segments 1-3 with abbreviated lateral linear yellow marks ; pubescence on the head and thorax ferruginous ; the pleurae covered with silvery- pile ; the fimbria on the apical margins of segments 1-3 of the abdomen snow-white, and on the 4th and 5th black; the
94
SCOLIIDA.
legs covered with a mixture of black and white stiff hairs and spines ; wings flavo-hyaliue, fuscous towards the apex, nervures testaceous bro -vn, tegnlse reddish. Var. The wings light fuscous.
Hab. Assam ; Tenasserim. ? . Lenc/ih 19-25 ; exp. 36-46 mm. cJ unknown.
*197. Elis eximia.
Scolin eximia, Smith, Cat. iii, p. 99, J .
Elis eximia, Sauss. ^ Sich. Cat. Scul. p. 195 ; Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soo. (4) V, 1892, p. 110.
$ . Head, thorax, and abdomen smooth and shining, with only a few scattered punctures on the head and thorax. Black ; a large macula on the sides of the pronotum in front of the insertion of the wings, the postscutellum, and a spot on each side of the median segment yellow; the wings dark brown with a splendid purple iridescence ; the pubescence and spines on the legs black ; an ovate macula on each side of the first and three following abdominal segments yellow, those on the 2nd and 3rd largest.
Bab. India. $ . Length 11 Unes (24 mm.). Unknown to me. The type specimen is not now in the British Museum.
198. Elis iris.
Colpa iris, Zepel. Hym. iii, p. 547, S ■
Scolia iris, Burm. Abh. Nat. Ges. Halle, i, pt. 4, p. 26 ; Smith, Cut. iii, p. 100.
Elis phnlerata, Sauss. Ann. Soc. Enl. Fr. 1858, p. 233. Elis iris, Sauss. ^ Sich. Cat. Scot. p. 201 ; Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) V, 1892, p. 111. 5 . Head, thorax, and abdomen pubescent ; head and abdomen with a few scattered punctures ; thorax, except on the centre of the mesonotum, coarsely and closely punctured. Black, the head and thorax covered with coarse fulvous-red pubescence ; legs ferru- ginous red, with coarse fulvous-red spines and stiff hairs; abdomen with the margins of segments 1-4 narrowly yellow above and with a fringe of stiff fulvous-yellow hairs, the apical two segments studded with stiff black "hairs ; wings fulvo-hyalme, the apex of each fore wing with a dark fuscous macula.
Var. The apex of the ciypeus and labrum yellow. Some- times the abdomen has the segments fringed with cinereous
similar, but more slender, with the ciypeus, the posterior margin of the pronotum, and the tegulse yellow.
Hab Sikhim ; Southern India ; Ceylon ; Burma ; Tenassermi ; Java. ?. Length 16-18; exp. 32-35 mm. c? . Length 12-1/; exp. 30-32 mm.
199, Elis ceylonica. am o
Campsomeris ceylonica, Kirby, Trans. Ent. Soc. i»H9, p. 40_, ^ d , Cum. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) v, lt92, p. 111. $ , Head, thorax, and ab<Jomen pubescent, the pubescence thick
ELIS.
95
and long on the head, the thorax, and on tlie median segment above ; head and thorax closely and somewhat coarsely punctured ; tlie region of the ocelli and the vertex smooth ; the median seg- ment posteriorly concavo-truncate, finely punctured ; abdomen smooth, each segment having a double subapical transverse row of punctures. Black, the pubescence rich ferruginous red ; tiie mandibles, clypeus, anteunce, and legs red ; tlie pleurye and sides of the median segment covered with dense golden pile ; tlie apical margins above of abdominal segments 1-3 with transverse bands of rich dark yellow ; these bands on the 2nd and 3rd segments much broader in the middle, with the sides of the broad portion slightly incurved or emarginate ; wings flavo-hyahne, the costal margin of the front wing rufescent or ferruginous, and the apex with a large subapical spot of fuscous ; nervures and tegulae yellow.
cJ similar, but slighter, the pubescence not so dense, the basal segment of the abdomen constricted, and the wings having only an indication of the subapical fuscous spot ; in colour it differs in having the clypeus, the pronotum in front, and a broad transverse band on the 4th abdominal segment also yellow.
Hah. Ceylon. § . Length 15-18 ; exp. 28-32 mm. S . Length 14-17 ; exp. 28-30 mm.
200. Elis luctTiosa.
Scolia luctuosa, Smith, Cat. iii, p. 101, 5 .
Scolia quadriguttulata, Sauss. (nec Burin.) Mel. Hym. p. 58, fig. 12. Elis luctuosa, Sauss. Sf Sick. Cat. Scol. p. 194, $ cj ; Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) v, 1892, p. 110.
$ . Head and thorax punctured, shining ; abdomen smooth, with a few distant punctures ; the front between the antennae very closely and coarsely punc- tured ; the region of the ocelh, the centre of the mesonotum, the scutellum and post- scutellum smooth, the punctures few and distant ; abdomen — the basal segment, the posterior margins of the 2nd and 3rd and the whole of the 4th and 5th segments with a few scattered punctures, the basal three- fourths of the 2nd and 3rd and the apical segments dull and opaque. Black, the 2nd and 3rd abdominal segments with yellow lateral spots, the front and the back of the head with a little cinereous pubescence, the pubescence on the abdomen and legs black.
d . The abdomen has a blue effulgence.
Var. with the yellow lateral spots also on the 1st and 4th segments of the abdomen, minute, or entirely wanting.
Eab. Sylhet, Assam ; Sikhim ; Burma ; Tenasserim ; Malacca ; Java ; Phihppines, 5 . Length 33-44 ; exp. 46-56 mm.
Fig 18. Elis luctuosa, J .
96
SOOLIIB^.
201. Elis annulata.
Tipbiii nnnulnta, Fabr. Ent. Syst. ii, p. 225, $ ; Syst. Ptez. p. 234. Campsomeris servillii, Lepel. (nee Guer.) Hxjm. iii, p. 501. Scolia anniilata, Sviith, Cat. iii, p. 100.
Elis aimiilata, Sauss. 8f Sich. Cut. Scol. p. 196, ? cJ ; Cam. Mem. Munch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) v, 1892, p. 110.
§ , Head, with the vertex and clypeus in the middle smooth, the face above the antenna densely punctured, with a median short vertical groove ; the face in front slightly, the occiput and pronotum anteriorly densely pubescent ; thorax with large scattered punctures, the disc of the mesonotnm almost impunctate ; median segment sliort, concavo-truncate posteriorly, the punctures in the middle closer, and on the sides above much finer and closer; abdomen— segments 1-4 smooth, nearly impunctate, fimbriated posteriori V, the 5th and 6th segments closely and coarsely punctured and set with stiff rigid hairs. Black, the pubescence white, on the apical segments of the abdomen above it is black ; wings hyaline, with a large purplish-fuscous spot at apex.
c? . Smaller, more slender ; the basal segment of the abdomen constricted, and all the segments with widely, scattered shallow coarse punctures; head and thorax covered with cinereous pubescence ; the clypeus on each side yellow, and segments 1-5 of the abdomen with transverse yellow bands on the posterior margins.
Var. The pronotum, scutellum, and legs variegated with yellow ; wings hyaline with a tinge of yellow.
Jlab North- West Provinces ; Sikhim ; Southern India ; liurma ; Tenasserim ; China ; Japan ; and Malayan subregion. 2 . LengtJi 15-25 ; exp. 28-40 mm. 6. Length 13-22 ; exp. 28-36 mm.
202. Elis lindenii. ...
Campsomeris lindenii, Lepel. Hym. m, p. 500, ¥ ■ P Scolia quadrifasciata, Fahr. Ent. Syst. Suppl. 33. 25-5, S- Scolia radula. King (nee Fabr.) , Web. ^ Mohr, Beitr. Nafurk. 1 p. 30. Elis lindenii, Sauss. ^- Sich. Cat. Scol. p. 204 ; Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) V, 1892, p. 112. 9 Head and thorax pubescent, sparsely punctured, the punctures finer and closer about the base of the antenus ; the clypeus, front, and vertex of the head, the disc of the meso- notnm, and the abdomen smooth; the last opaque, with the posterior margins of 1st to 4th or 5th segments fimbriated : median seement very short, concavo-truncate posteriorly, the middle above the truncation slightly produced. Black, the pubescence fulvous, golden, hoary-ciuereous, or white ; wings flavo-hyahne, with a fuscous spot at apex.
Far. Wings altogether fuscous. • i
^ Punctured all over, shining. The clypeus anteriorly, the posterior margin of the pronotum, two spots on the scute lum and transverse fascia? on the posterior margins of the 1st to 4th or 5th rg^eTs of the abdome'n yellow; these f^-^- -^eriorlv^^^^^^^ ginate ; legs variegated with yeUow ; wings hght flavo-hyahne.
ETiTS.
97
Hah. Throughout Eastern and Southern India (Calcutta, Sikhim, Kuinaun, North-West Provinces, Madnis) ; Ceylon ; Burma ; Tenasserim ; Java ; Cliina ; Japan ; and tlie Malayan subregiou. ? . Length 17-22 ; exp. 35-42 mm. (S . Length 16-21 ; exp. 32-40 mm.
203. Elis grossa.
Tiphia grossa, Fabr. Syst. Piez. p. 232, 2 •
Scolia grossa, Burrn. Abh. Nat. Ges. Halle, i, pt. 4, p. 23, J c? ;
Stnith, Cat. iii, p. 99. Elis grossa, Sauss. Sich. Cat. Scot. p. 199, J J; Cam. Mem.
Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) v, 1892, p. 111.
5 . Head from a little beneath the anterior ocellus to the base of the elypeus very closely and not coarsely punctured, vertex and lower part of elypeus smooth, back of the head and pronotum densely pubescent ; mesonotum anteriorly, scutellum moder- ately, and postscutellum and median seg- ment very finely and densely punctured, the last short, concavo -truncate posteriorly, and pubescent above in the middle ; abdo- men smooth, opaque ; segments 1-4 above fimbriated and with a few scattered punc- tures, .5th and 6th closely and coarsely punctui-ed and set with stiff hairs. Black, Fig. 19. the pubescence on the head and thorax
Elis grossa, . \. fulvous, the fimbrisB on the abdomen hoary white, the hairs on the apical two segments black, the hairs and spines on the legs mixed black and hoary white ; wings light fusco-hyaline with a slight purple effulgence.
cJ . Slighter, the basal segment of the abdomen narrower than the 2nd ; the whole head, thorax, and abdomen moderately punctured and covered with a thin cinereo-fulvous pubescence, the abdomen with iridescent tints in certain lights. Black ; the elypeus except its narrow anterior margin and a spot in the middle, a broad band on the posterior border of the pronotum, two large confluent spots on the scutellum and two on the post- scutellum, a short line on the anterior femora below and on the tibiae above, a lengthened spot on the intermediate tibiae above, and broad transverse bands on the posterior margins of the 1st to 4th abdominal segments above, yeUow; wings a hghter fusco-hyaline than in the $ .
Hab. Northern India ; Sikhim ; Madras ; Assam ; Burma ; Ten- asserim ; J ava. $ . Length 25-30 ; exp. 46-52 mm. d • Length 23 ; exp. 44 mm.
204. Elis hahrocoma.
Scolia habrocoma, Smith, Cat. iii, p. 100, 5 . Elis habrocoma, Sauss. Sich. Cat. Scol. p. 198, 9 ; Cam. Mem Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) v, 1892, p. 111.
TOL. I. H
98 SC0LI1D.E.
2 . Closely resembles E. grossa, Pabr., but is a krger, stouter- built insect ; the bead and thorax are much more closely (even on the vertex o£ the former) and coarsely punctured, and the pubescence on the head, thorax, and legs, with the fimbriae on the segments of the abdomen, are a rich golden fulvous, with no mixture of white hairs; wings flavo-hyaline suffused with a purplish tint.
Hah. India (Smith); Sikhim, Assam, and Upper Burma. $ . Length 34-36 ; exp. 58-62 mm.
205. Elis prismatica.
Scoha prismatica, Smith, Cat. ih, p. 102, ?. Elis prismatica, Sauss. Sf Sich. Cat. Scol. p. 199. 9 Head and thorax closely and rather coarsely punctured, the clYPeus, the region of the ocelli, and the disc of the mesonotum smooth • median segment posteriorly concavo-truncate, closely and minutely punctured ; abdomen, the basal four segments sparsely, the apical two strongly punctured ; head, thorax, and abdomen pubescent, the pubescence thick and long on the head and on the thorax anteriorly, on the abdomen it forms transverse fimbriae on the posterior margins of segments 1-4. Black, the pubescence ferruginous, the pleura? and the sides of the median segment covered with dense golden pile ; the abdomen with mdescent tints in certain lights ; wings flavo-hyaline, slightly fuscous beyond the basal nervure, and in certain hghts having a purplish effulgence.
^ similar, but the pubescence cinereous, the abdomen with brighter iridescent tints, the clypeus yellow, black in the middle, and the abdomen punctured, with transverse yellow bands on segments 1-4 above and on segments 2-5 on the ventral side, the basal segment constricted.
Mab. Sikhim; Burma; Tenasserim; China. ?. Xenj/<7i 20- 22 ; exp. 40-44 mm. 6 . Length 18-21 ; exp. 38-40 mm.
206 Elis Mrsuta, Sauss. Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr 1858 p 234 ; Sa»«6. ^Sich. Cat. Scol. p. 200, 2 ; Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) v, 1892, p. 111.
9 Head, thorax, and abdomen smooth and shining, very thinly pubescent, the pubescence long on the bead and thorax and Form ng fimbri^"^ on the posterior margins of the abdominal segment above and below; the lateral angles of the pronotum Se mesonotum anteriorly, the scuteUum and postscu ellum with a few scattered punctures. Black; the mandibles the clypeus, Ld Lgellum of the antenna, beneath rather bright castaneous, the femora tibi^, and tarsi of the legs and the pygidial area otcSSy castaneous, the last studded w^th short stiff reddish E; the pubescence elsewhere sdvery white ; wings flavo-hyahne
Riiffiis'ed with a purpUsh iridescence. u *.
suiiused wit P 1 ^^^^^^^ ^^.^^^^ ^ b,ut twice
the length S 'the head and thorax united; head, thorax, and
ELIS.
abdomen black, covered with erect cinereous pubescence ; the clvpeus, except a spot in the middle, the posterior margin ot the piWumbroadlv, thescuteIlam and postscutellam, the posterior margins of the dorsal abdominal segments 1-5 and ventral 2-0, yellow; the legs variegated with yeUow; the wings as in the ?.
HaLTvmqneUv (Saussare): Calcutta. 2 • length 10 ; exp. 16 mm. 6 ■ Length 9 ; exp. 15 mm.
207. Elis thoracica.
Tiphia thoracica, Fah: Ent. Si/st SuppL ]>. 2oi.
Sphex albicollis, Chrht, Naturff. Ins. p. 260, p . 26, fig. 1, 2 .
Sphex flavifrons, Christ, Naturff. Ins. p. 261, pi. 26, hg. Z, <S •
Campsomeris aureicollia, Lepel. Sym. lu, p. 499, ^ •
? Scolia aureicollis, Smith, Cat. m, p. lOl.
? Elis azurea, Sauss. Stettin ent. Zeit. 1859, p. ib/, d .
EUs thoracica, Sauss. ^ Sich. Cat. Scot. p. 188, ?; Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) v, p. 108. 9 Head smooth, the front between the antennae and a little above their bases pubescent, closely and finely punctured ; baclt of the head and pronotum with erect bushy pubescence ; mesonotum with a thin covering of scattered hairs ; the thorax anteriorly rather coarsely, and the scutellum, postsciitellum, and median segment above less coarselv punctured ; median segment projecting above in the middle posteriorly, concave below the projection, subtuberculate, the sides smooth ; abdomen opaque, with a velvety pruinosity, the posterior margins of the segments fimbriated. Blact,the pubescence on the occiput and pronotum hoary white, sometimes rich fulvous (var. cmreicollis),vesi of the pubescence black ; wings from hght to dark fuscous brown, with a parple etfulgence..
? S . Slighter, sparselv punctured, the vertex of the head smooth, the basal segment of the abdomen constricted, the pubescence cinereous or fulvous. Black, the clvpeus yellow with a central black mark ; the segments of the abdomen posteriorly fimbriated with cinereous pubescence, above suSased with blue and violet tints ; wings flavo-hvaline.
Eah. Kumaun ; Sikhim ; Bangalore; Madras; Burma; Tenas- serim ; China ; Java. 6 ? • Length 18-21 ; exp. 32-38 mm.
208. Elis fimbriata.
Scolia thoracica, Klug {nec Fabr.), Weber u. Mohr, Beitr. NaturJc. i, p. 33.
Campsomeris collaris, Lepel. {nec Fabr.) Hym. in, p. 498. Scolia fimbriata, Burm. Abh. Nat. Oes. Halle, i, pt. 4, p. 25 ; Smith, Cat. iii, p. 100.
Elis fimbriata, Sauas. ^ Sich. Cat. Scol. p. 189, ? ; Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) v, 1892, p. 109.
2 . Very closely resembles E. thoracica, Fabr., but is always much larger, and has the mesonotum, scutellum, and postscutellam much more closely punctured. Like E. thoracica, there is a variety with fulvous-red pubescence on the occiput and thorax in front.
h2
I
100 SOOLIIDiE.
Eab. Sikhim ; Burma ; Tenasserim ; Ceylon ; Java. ? . Lenfflh 24-28 ; exp. 42-50 mm.
*209. Elis asiatica, Sauss. Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr. 1858, p. 231 ; Sauss. ^ Sic/i. Cat. Scol. p. 190, $ cJ; Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) v, 1892, p. 109.
$ . 0£ medium size or large, stoutly built, punctured, head and thorax pubescent, the disc o£ the mesonotum often glabrous, the pleurte pruinose. Black, the pubescence on the head and thorax fulvous or cinereous, on the legs and base of the abdomen cinereous, and segments 1-3 fimbriated vi'ith cinereous pubescence; the rest of the pubescence black, the pleuriB with silvery pile ; wings fuscous suffused with violet.
Var. The tegulse sometimes ferruginous ; the thorax beneath •with cinereous pubescence ; the abdomen iridescent ; or the 4th abdominal segment also fimbriated with cinereous hairs.
c? . Of the same size as the female ; thorax pruinose, with silky pile, and covered with cinereous hairs ; abdomen bluish, segments 1-4 with white or yellow margins ; the wings fusco-hyaline, the costal margin fuscous.
Hah. India ; Java {Sauss.). ? . Length 24-32 ; wing 18-24 mm.
*210. Elis reticulata. Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) v, 1892, p. 109, S ■
cJ . " Head, thorax, and abdomen covered with long hairs ; the clypeus at base, the front and space between the antenna;, and the thorax closely and coarsely punctured ; the head above and the abdomen with scattered punctures ; the apex of the scutellum, the apex of the mesopleurse, and the base of the metapleuraj smooth ; the pronotum anteriorly, and the apex of the median segment transverse. Black, the pubescence black ; the abdomen shinmg and suffused with a bluish tinge ; wings fusco-violaceous.
" Hah. Poena; Bombay. S . Length 19 mm."
*211 Elis cyanea, Sauss. Sich. Cat. Scol. p. 323 ; Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) V, 1892, p. 112.
cJ " Head and thorax sparsely, the metanotum densely punc- tured and pruinose ; abdomen narrow, the Ist segment very long, its base petiolate. Slender; black, ^ith cinereous pubescence ; the metanotum with silvery pile ; abdomen shot with violet tmts ; the mandibles, lateral stripes on the clypeus, the inner orbits, a line on the pronotum, and narrow fasciiB on the margins ot abdominal segments 1-4 yellow ; wing ferruginous hyaline, suffused with a golden efi:ulgence, nervures fusco-ferruginous, the apex beyond the cells slightly fuscous, the tegulsB fuscous.
» Hab. Nicobars. 6 . Length 15 ; wmg 11^ mm.
IIACOS.
101
Genus LIACOS *.
Liacos, Qrdr. Voy. Coq., Zool. ii, pt. 2, p. 246 (1830). Scolia, pt., SmM, Cat. iii, p. 85 (1855). Liacos (subgen. Triliacos and Deliacos), Sauss. Sf Stch. p. 33 (1864).
Fig. 20. — Fore wing, Liacos {Triliaoos) analis. Type, L. analis, Fabr.
Range. Ethiopian, Oriental, andAustralian regions.
Characters those of the family. Fore wing with one radial, and three (Triliacos) or two (Diliacos) cubital cells, and two recurrent nervures which unite and reach the 2nd cubital cell as one nervure. Sexes, so far as known in the Indian species, alike in coloration.
Key to the Species.
a. With reddish ferruginous pubescence on the
abdomen anahs, p. 101.
b. With fulvous pubescence on the abdomen . . L. f idvopicta, p. 102.
212. Liacos analis.
Scoha analis, Fabr. St/st. Piez. p. 245.
Scolia dimidiata, Gu6r. Voy. Coq., Zool. ii, pt. 2, p. 247, cJ .
Campsomeris urvillii, Lepel. Hym. iii, p. 503, d .
Scoba erythrosoma, Burm. Abh. Nat. Ges. Halk, i, pt. 4, p. 15 ;
Smith, Cat. iii, p. 113. Scoba penangen.sis, Sauss. Mel. Hym. p. 39.
Liacos analis et erythrosoma, Sauss. Sich. Cat. Scol. p. 33, § cj, &p. 35, $J.
2 . Head and the disc of the mesonotum smooth and shining, with a few scattered punctures ; pronotum, base and apex of meso- notum, the median segment, and abdomen closely punctured : clypeus broad, slightly convex; an abbreviated vertically impressed line above the base of the antennae at right angles to a transverse furrow beneath the anterior ocellus ; the mesonotum with two short parallel longitudinal, and the scutellum with a median longi- tudinal furrow ; median segment rather steeply sloped posteriorly, the apex truncate. Black, with black pubescence, the apical segment red with ferruginous pubescence ; wings dark fuscous with purple, coppery, or golden effulgence, nervures and tegulae black.
(5 similar but smaller, slighter, with longer and porrect antennas ; the head, thorax, and abdomen more closely punctured. The colour of the abdomen in this species varies greatly — it may be
* The name lAacos is an anagram of Scolia,
102
POMPILIDiE.
wholly red (var. erytJirosovia), or any of the 1-5 $ , 1-6 rf , segments
may be red or black. . i j-
llab Throughout India, Burma, and Tenasserim ; extending into the Malayan and even into the Australian subregions. 5. Length 26-33; exp. 45-50 mm. d . Length 19-22; exp 38-44 mm.
213. Liacos fulvopicta. (PI. 1, fig- 4.)
Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) y, 1892, p. 98, 6-
^ Closely resembles some forms of L. analis, Eabr., but differs in haying the apical half of the abdomen fulvous xvith fulvous mibescence not fei-r.uginous, in the head, thorax, and abdomen, CecTaUy ^.he last, beLg much more closely punctured, and bemg on the whole, sex for sex, a stouter, broader insect.
Hab. Barrackpore, Bengal, d . Length 25; exp. 44 mm. Type in coll. Eothney.
Family POMPILID^E.
EossoriaLand predatorial wasps of very '^''y^jj'^^^l^^^^^ some very small species as well as some ot the largest toims
'-^Teldto^eTrTsfS^^^^^^^ in shape. Prothorax of variable size and length, the pronotum, however, always reaching back to l e base o?fhe wingL Wings generally long and ampH m^ genus .only ^Para„ilus*) e^traordmardy short f^ie u^^ng ^um one radial and two or three complete cubital 'l ™ cubital ceUs only are present, the 2od receives both the i^^^^^^^^^ nervures ; when there are three cubital ceUs, J^™^^^^^^^ i=f nnrl the 3rd the 2nd recurrent nervure. I^egs long, redcuiug
^^The^Sfnce- between the sexes is ^^T^^;^'^ ^ry striking. The males are, as 't,:"^l;,The fe'mls tTe e Tenderly built; the antenna are PO™;^ ' The api al three organs, after death, ^'e sen't aU^^
has six, the male seven visible abdominal segments.
* Not known to occur in In'^''^; the cubital nervure to tlie
MACKOMEUIS.
103
The species of Pompilida'. generally make their nests in the ground, iu burrows dug by the female, or in holes in trees, chinks in the floors or walls of wooden houses, or in the hollows of bamboos. Ageaia, Pseudagenia, Paragenia, and, I suspect, Macro- meris too, construct little earthen shells for nests. As a rule, spiders are provided as food for the future brood, but one or two species are ] redatorial on crickets {Gryllidce), cockroaches {Blatta), and Coleoptera. No parasitic forms are known among the Pompilidce.
Key to the Genera.
A. Fore wing with three complete cubital cells.
a. Tlnrax below in front of the intermediate
coxrn produced into lateral tubercles Macbomebis, p. 103.
b. Thorax below not tuberculate.
a'. Second ventral segment with a trans- verse furrow. a'. Posterior tibife grooved above, not cylindrical. a!'. Posterior tibite smooth, or with only a few minute spines, never serrate.
a'. Joints of anterior tarsi much attenuated at base ; inter- mediate coxse in produced into remarkable tubercles ante- riorly Paeagenia, p. 105.
J*. Joints of anterior tarsi normal, not attenuate at base ; inter- mediate coxas in not tuber-
culate Pseudagenia, p. 106.
6'. Posterior tibife more or less thickly
spinose, in 5 generally serrate . . Salius, p. 122. Posterior tibiee cylindrical, with
minute spines Pompiltjs (group
b'. Second ventral segment without a trans- Ferreola), -p. 1Q9.
verse furrow. a^. Anterior tibise and tarsi ciliated on
the outer side Pompilus, p. 147.
6^^. Anterior tibise and tarsi not spinose
or ciliated Cebopales, p. 173.
B. Fore wing with tivo complete cubital cells
only Apobus, p. 177.
Genus MACROMERIS.
Macromeris, Lepel. Guer. Mag. Zool. i, pi. 29 (1831) ; id. Hym. iii, p. 463 (1845) ; Smith, Cat. iii, p. 181 ; Kohl, Verh. zool.-bot. Ges. Wien, 1884, p. 41.
Type, M. splendidci, Lepel.
Range. The Oriental region, extending to New (ruinea. Head flat ; thorax massive, with lateral tubercles beneath, in front of the intermediate coxse, the tubercles somewhat in the
10-i
rOMPILIDvE.
shape of mammae ; legs massive, especially the coxae and femora, •which in the J are disijroportionately thick, with the femora sometimes flattened beneath into thin lamina), and serrated, the serrations blunt ; tibise and tarsi absolutely without spines and bearing only a little thin covering of long soft hairs. Wings very broad ; the fore wing with the radial cell rounded at apex ; three cubital cells, the 2nd, slightly smaller than the Ist or the 3rd, receives the 1st recurrent nervure towards the apex, the 3rd cubital cell receives the 2nd recurrent nervure about the middle ; basal nervure interstitial, or taking its rise beyond the apex of the 1st submedial cell ; the cubital nervure in the hind wing interstitial with the transverse anal nervure.
Fig. 22. — Side Tiew of thorax showiDg tubercle in front of intermediate
Fig. 21. — Macrnmeris violacea, c?. \.
The habits of the species belonging to this genus are almost unknown. Once I observed a female carrying some large hairy spiders {Heteropoda venatoria) to a chink in a deserted wooden house, in the forests in Tenasserim, and there is no doubt she was storing these as food for her future progeny.
Only three species are known, of which, so far as I know, only one, M. violaceo; Lepel., is found within our limits. Smith, however (loc. cit.), gives M. splendida as coming from India too, but there is no specimen of it from India in the British Museum collec- tion, nor have I seen it in any other collection from India, Burma, Tenasserim, or Ceylon. It, as well as the third species recently described by me (Jour. Linn. Soc. 1896, p. 438), may occur ; I give, therefore, a key to easily discriminate the three species.
Key to the Species.
A. Wings dark fuscous.
a. Wings coppery, golden or ferruginous _ at base, dark fuscous brown, with a rich purple and blue effulgence on the apical ^jjf M. splendida.
MAOROMBBIS. PAnAGENIA.
105
b. Wings entirely dark fuscous throughout,
with a rich purple and blue eHulgeuce M. violacea, p. 106.
B. Wings flavo-hyaline ^- castanea.
So far as I know, M. splendida and M. castanea occur only in Java and the Indo-Malayan subregion.
214. Macromeris violacea, Zepel. Guer. Mag. Zuol. 1831, pi. 30, d; id. Hijvi. iii, p. 464, d ; Smilhfiat. iii, p. 181 ; Cam. Mem. Month. L. Ph. Soc. (4) iv, 1891, p. 435. Macromeris iridipennis, Smith, Jour. Lmn. Soc. 1859, p. 156, 5 cJ,
$ . Head, pro- and mesonotum densely pruinose ; scutelhim, postscutellum, and legs smooth and shin- ing ; median segment above finely rugose ; abdomen sparsely pruinose, with a very short recumbent pile ; head and thorax with scattered long pubescence, somewhat dense on the clypeus ; legs long, the tibiae and tarsi without spines, the coxae and femora stout, thick ; abdomen fusiform, subpetiolate, the apical two segments studded with long erect hairs. Black, with beautiful purple and blue reflections in certain lights, the metanotum dull and opaque ; the pubescence on the head, thorax, and apex of the abdomen velvety black; wings dark brown, with a most brilliant pm-ple effulgence changing in different lights.
cJ . Precisely similar in colour and pubescence ; differs only in the form of the coxae and femora of the legs, which, as noted in the description of the genus, are immensely thickened, and in some specimens (var. iridipennis, Sm.) the femora are laminated below and the edge serrate.
Hah. India generally, except in the very dry regions ; Andamans ; Assam; Burma; Tenasserim, and the Malayan region right through to New Guinea. $ . Length 25-30 ; eorp. 58-66 mm. 6 . Length 22-26 ; exp. 56-60 mm.
Fig. 23. — Macromeris violacea, 2 . \.
Genus PARAGENIA.
Macromeris, pt., Smith (nec Lepel.) Jour. Linn. Soc. 1858, p. 97. Paragenia, Bingh. Jour. Linn. Soc. 1896, p. 429.
Type, P. argentifrons, Smith. Range. The Indo-Malayan subregion .
Head in front slightly convex ; eyes with the inner orbits arcuate and converging above and below, extending beneath to the base of the mandibles ; thorax, especially in the male, massive ; median
106
POMPIMDJB.
segment rounded posteriorly, with a rather steep slope to the apex,
and a median longitudinal shallow furrow; legs long, the coxoe and femora ( d ) massive, fore tarsus with the joints remark- ably attenuate at their bases, posterior coxaj (c?) produced anteriorly into a prominent conical tubercle; armature of the legs feeble, the posterior tibiae and tarsi with a few minute spines, anterior tibise with a row of minute spines on the outside ( $ ) ; claws uni- dentate at base below ; wings as in Pseudagenia; abdomen fusiform, the , base attenuate, almost petiolate, the 2nd
Fig. 2A.—I>aragema ventral segment with a transverse furrow argentifrons, S ■ \- at base. The only species at present known has the habits of Pseudagenia. I found it in July making little clay cells like Eumenes and hlUng them with spiders {Araneus).
215. Paragenia argentifrons.
Macromeria argentifrons, Smith, Jour. Lmn. Soc. 1858, p. 97, ? d ;
Cam. Mem. Munch. L. Ph. Soc (4) iv, 1891, p. 436. Paragenia argentifrons, Bingh. Jour. Linn. Soc. 1896, p. 429.
2 . Head and the thorax in front opaque, densely pruinose ; abdomen with sparser pile, smooth and shining ; the sides of the postscutellum obliquely and the base of the median segment trans- versely striate, the rest of the median segment with a rounded slope to its apex and obscure fine irregular stria? ; legs long, the tibiaj and tarsi with minute spines ; abdomen fusiform, with a distinct petiole. Black ; the face in front, the thorax above and at the sides, the coxae and the trochanters of the legs clothed with a glittering silvery pile, having a green tint in certam lights ; the anterior femora above, and the intermediate and posterior pair ferruginous red; the abdomen covered with a thm silky pile; the wings flavo-hyaline, the tegulse andnervures testaceous brown
d The thorax more massive, the abdomen shorter, the joints of the anterior tarsi at base extremely attenuated, and the coxae of the intermediate legs produced anterioriy into an obtuse tubercle.
Eab Sikbim ; Assam ; Burma and Tenasserun, extending to the Malayan region. ? . Length 17-20 ; exp. 35-40 mm. d • Length 16-20 ; exp. 33-40 mm.
Genus PSEUDAGENIA. Sphex, pt., Evania, pt., Ceropales, ^t. Fabr. Syst P{ez.(180i). Acrenm, Dahlb. (jjcc Schiddte) Hym. Eur. i, p. 454 (1845). Anoplius, pt., Lepel. Hym. iii, p. 440 (1845).
Pompilus, pt., Cai. ill, p. 118 (1865). „ q
Pilpomusi pt.| Costa, Faun. Regn. Nap., Inienot. Acul., Fompth, p. 3
Psiudaginia, Kohl, Verh. zool.-bot. Ges. Wim, 1884, p. 42.
PSBUDAGENIA.
107
Type, P. carbonaria, Scop. Banqe. Over both hemispheres.
General form of the insect long and slender, with long un- armed legs, the fore tarsi not ciliated, and the spines on the tibiiB and tarsi small and inconspicuous, or altogether wanting ; wint^s with three cubital cells, the 3rd always much larger thau the°2nd; abdomen shortly petiolate, the 2nd ventral segment with a transverse furrow.
Fig. 25. — Pseudagenia clypeata, J.
The insects helongiug to this genus, so far as known, build little clay cells, like Scelipliron and Eumenes, and fill them with spiders, as provision for the larvse.
Key to the Species.
A. Wings yellow, npex infuscate. a. Head, thorax, and abdomen black.
a'. Head, thorax,and abdomen covered with
dense glistening golden pile P. honesta, p. 109.
b'. Head, thorax, and abdomen without golden pde ; head and thorax marked
with yellow P atalanta, p. 109.
h. Head, thorax, and abdomen pale reddish
yellow P. deceptrix, p. 110.
. Head, thorax, and basal half of abdomen [p. 110.
red, apical half of abdomen black P. frauenfddiana,
li. Wings fuscous or fusco-hyaline.
a. Fore wing fuscous, hind wing hyaline, a'. Fore wing entirely dark fuscous with a
purple effulgence P. artemis, p. 111.
b'. Fore wing hyaline at base, dark fuscous
for apical two-thirds P. danae, p. 111.
h. Both wings entirely fuscous. a' . Wings light fusco-hyaline. a^. Head, thorax, and abdomen black
with a blue tint in certain lights . . P. ariel, p. 112. V^. Head and thorax black, abdomen red. a'. Median segment lightly trans- versely striate, not or scarcely sulcate down the middle P. concoloi; p. 112.
108
pomulidjE.
i'. Median segment markedly trans- yersely striate, witli a narrow
medial longitudinal furrow P. pedunculata, p. 112
c^. Head, greater part of thorax, and
abdomen red ; median segment black. P. obsoletn, p. 113. 6'. Wings dark fuscous with violet and purple efl'ulgence
a^ Abdomen red P. insularis, p. 113.
b^. Abdomen black P. pleheja, p. 114.
C. Wings clear hyaline.
«. Head, thorax, and abdomen metallic blue. . P. blanda, p. 114. b. Head, thorax, and abdomen black.
a'. Clypeua white or with lateral white spots.
a=. Abdomen black P. dypeata, p. 114.
b-. Abdomen black, posterior margins of
the segments narrowly white P- albUahris, p. 116.
b'. Olypeus black.
a'. Thorax in front transverse, the inferior
lateral angles anteriorly produced . . P. stulta, p. 115. ¥. Thorax in front rounded, the inferior
lateral angles not produced P- tincta, p. 116.
D. Wings clear hyaline, or hyaline with a yel-
lowish tint, with one fuscous subapical fascia.
a. Median segment narrowly furrowed down
the middle. a'. Posterior femora red.
a-. Clypeus and sides of face in front
white P. btpmnis, ^. 116.
b^. Clypeus and sides of face in front
black P. hypstpyle, T?. U6.
b'. Posterior femora black.
a^. Basal nervure of fore vsdng interstitial P. j;erf«, p. 11/. P. Basal nervure of fore wing not
interstitial P. alans, -p. Ui .
b. Median segment not furrowed down the
middle. Pl<Bvicula,^.U8.
E. Wino-s clear hyaline, or hyaline with a yel- low^.tinge, with two fuscous fasciffi on the fore wing. «. Thorax black,
a'. Inner fascia on wings narrower than outer.
a^. Median segment long, sulcate down the middle. Minute (L. 6 mm.) ; a red spot m
sinus of eyes JP- tmcromegaU, p. 118.
J'. Larger (L. 14-17 mm.); no red spot
inlinusofeyes P. caZWo, p. 119.
Median segment not sulcate down the
middle. P.acncula,^.\\9.
b'. Inner fascia broader than outer P ei-igone, p. 119.
b. Thorax red • • ^- '^i'"'"' l"" ^-^^
PSBUDA.GENIA.
109
r. Wing:s hyaline or flavo-hyaline, the apex fuscous.
«. Abdomen black, or black with grey or silvery pile. a'. Wings with a decided yellow tinge ;
posterior tibiie immaculate P. rava, p. 120.
b' . Wings hyaline without any yellow tinge; posterior tibite with a yellow spot at
base above P. p. 121.
h. Abdomen red P.juno, p. 121.
G . Wings hyaline, the disc of the fore wing with
faint fuscous spots or clouds P. ceerulea, p. 121.
216. Pseudagenia honesta.
Pompilus honestus, Smith, Cat. iii, p. 144, $ (nec Agenia honesta. Smith, Jour. Linn. Soc. 1861, p. 80) ; Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) iv, 1891, p. 459.
2 J . Head, thorax, and abdomen densely pruinose ; antennsB and legs except the coxae bare and smooth ; clypeus convex, oval, its anterior margin toothed in the middle ; eyes converging at the
vertex ; median segment with a rounded slope posteriorly, trans- versely striate and with a shallow medial longitudinal fm-row at apex ; legs long, the tibiae nearly smooth with only a few minute spines ; abdomen subpetiolate. Head, thorax, and abdomen black, but in fresh specimens so densely covered with a thick golden pile intermixed with long golden hairs, that none of the ground-colour shows through ; an- tennae and legs ferruginous ; wings flavo-hyaline, the apex of the fore wing beyond the 2nd cubital ceU fuscous, nervures and tegulae ferruginous.
Hah. India, Burma, and Tenasserim. $ . Length IT -22 ; ea-p. 32-38 mm. d • Length 14c-lQ ; exp. 32-36 mm.
217. Pseudagenia atalanta.
Agenia atalanta. Smith, Jour. Linn. Soc. 1858, p. 94, cJ . Pseudagenia atalanta, Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) iv, 1891, p. 436.
6 . Head, thorax in front, and abdomen smooth, median segment with a thin, short, scanty pubescence ; clypeus large, convex, its anterior margin transverse, oblique at the sides ; front with a deep vertically impressed line from the anterior ocellus to between the base of the antennae ; scutellum and postscutellum very prominent, laterally compressed and tuberculate ; median segment with a steep slope, rounded posteriorly, lightly transversely striate above, and with a short subtriangidar deeply impressed furrow at apex;
Fig. 20. — Pseudagenia honesta,
HQ pompilid;e.
abdomeu fusiform. Black ; the clypeus, the sides of the face up to the vertex, a line behind the eyes, a broad stripe on the posterior margin of the pronotum, a square spot at apex of mesonotum, the scutellum and postscutellum in the middle, and the apex of the femora, the tibiaj, and tarsi of the legs chrome-yellow ; the posterior tihiee at apex, and the apical joint of the intermediate and posterior tarsi fuscous ; wings flavo-hyaline with a golden lustre, the apex
deenlv infuscated. , ^ • ' .i tv/t i
Mab Sylhet, probably also Burma and Tenassenm ; the Malay subregion as far as Celebes, d • Lenyth 16 ; e.r^. 34 mm.
218. Pseudagenia deceptrix. irw 1'2 ^ (nec
PompUus deceptor, Snnth, Jour. Lmn Soc 18f9, p. 12 c? ('"c Agenia recte Pseudagenia deceptor, Smith, A.M.N. H. (4) xi, 1873, p. 447).
Q Head and thorax in front dull, opaque, very finely and minutely punctured; median segment transversely striate; abdomen smooth, polished and shining; clypeus subconvex, its anterior margin produced, subangular in the middle, obhque at the sides ; monotum very short, anteriorly somewhat truncate the trunca- £on rounded ; median segment long, bulging a the s.des rounded posteriorly, with a very gradual s ope to the apex, and bearing a medial, 'broad, but shallow longitudinal furrow ; legs long the tibiiB and tarsi with very minute spines; abdomen short Slate, not so long as the thorax. Pale reddish yellow, the apica three iotits of the lagellum of the antenna fuscous; wings hght flrvo-hyaline, the apex beyond the 1st cubital cell broadly and
'^^'f sfmlrbut slighter, the vertex and mesonotum generally
'"ST SSal ; Burma ; Tenasserim ; Celebes. ? . LengtT. 15-18 ; exp. 34-38 mm. 6 • Length 13 ; exp. 35 mm.
fg^faX^M^^^^^^ P- Pseudagenia frauenfeldiana, Cam Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) iv, 1891^?- 437.
0 Head, thorax in front, and abdomen smooth, but not ^V,^^;;^^ the clypeus convex, its anterior margin rounded and shuimg , .g^^teiiun^ and median segment transversely
T^ff^\iXv^T^^ - longitudinal broad sulcation in the Sdle the latter 4h a rounded regular slope to ts apex ; legs middle the ^^a^e ^^^^^^ ^^^^^^ . abdomen
long, Variegated with red and black, the
subpetiolate and tu t ^^^^g^^^ ^ erown-shaped mark
Wp this a broad V-shaped macula, black ; thorax and ^XwrnT^'gltSlhe' a^^^^^^^^ ^vings flavo-hyaline. the
PSEUDAGENIA.
Ill
apex of the fore wing fuscous from beyond the middle of the 2nd cubital cell, nervures and tegulao testaceous. Specimens vary in having more or less of the red or the black colour predominant.
Bab. Tenasserim ; Java. $ . Length 11-14 ; exp. 18-23 mm. d unknown.
220. Pseudagenia artemis, Bingh. Jour. Linn. Sue. 1896, p. 427, $ .
2 . Head, pro- and mesonotum, scuteUum, postscutellum, and abdomen smooth and shining, metanotum and the pleuras trans- versely striate ; clypeus convex, its anterior margin subangular ; median segment with a rounded steep slope to its apex ; legs lonjj, the intermediate and posterior tibisB and tarsi with very minute spines, almost smooth; abdomen with the basal segment less petiolate than in most of the species of the genus. Dark cobalt- blue ; the antenuce, femora, tibiae, and tarsi of the legs opaque black ; the fore wing dark fuscous with a purple effulgence, the hind wing hyaline, very slightly pubescent at apex, nervures and tegulse piceous ; the face in front, the sides of the thorax, and the median segment covered with a soft sparse silvery white pubescence.
ffah. Tenasserim. $ . Length 19 ; exj>. 40 mm.
221 . Pseudagenia danae, Biiiffh. Jour. Bomb. N. H. Sac. 1896, p. 205,
5 c?, pi. i, fig. 12,$.
$ . Head, thorax, and the coxae of the legs densely pruinose, abdomen thinly pruinose, the antennae, trochanters, femora, tibiae, and tarsi bare and smooth ; clypeus oval, convex, its anterior margin narrowly smooth and shining ; median segm.ent with a rounded slope posteriorly, a broad shallow furrow down the middle, two shorter lateral ones, and coarse transverse striations ; legs long, with the tibiae and tarsi smooth, or with only very minute short spines; abdomen subpetiolate. Black, the head, thorax, and the coxae of the legs covered with dense golden pile; the scape of the antennae, the trochanters, femora, tibiae, and tarsi of the legs ferruginous ; the fore wing hyaline up to the basal nervure, beyond fuscons, hind wing hyaline \Aith a broad very light fuscous margin at apex ; abdomen covered with a very thin silvery pile, the posterior margins of the segments testaceous.
d" . The head, thorax, and abdomen covered with a sericeous silvery pile, very dense on the sides of the clypeus and the inner margin of the eyes ; the whole of the antennae, the trochanters, tibiae above and the tarsi of the antei-ior legs, and the trochanters and tarsi of the intermediate and posterior legs more or less fuscous black; the femora, tibiae below of the anterior, the femora and tibiae of the intermediate and posterior legs, with the basal two segments of the abdomen, ferruginous red ; the wings are fusco- hyaline, a little paler at base.
112
POMPfLID^.
Hah. Sikhim, Assam, Burma, and Tenasserim. 2 • Length 17-25 ; exp. 36-41 ram. S • Lemjili 12-15 ; exp. 29-32 mm.
222. Fseudagenia ariel, Cam. Mem. Munch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) iv, 1891, pp. 436 & 439
5 . Priiinose ; head convex in front, eyes slightly converging beneath ; clypeus convex, subtriangular, toothed in the middle, an indistinct vertical furrow on the front; the pronotum short, broad, rounded anteriorly ; median segment with a rather steep slope to apex, transversely striate ; legs long, the tibise and tarsi nearly smooth ; abdomen petiolate, the petiole short. Black, with deep blue tints in certain lights; the antennae, tibise, and tarsi opaque black ; the clypeus, front of the head, and sides of the median segment with dense silvery pile and some long white hairs ; wings subhyaline, slightly suffused with fuscous.
Hah. Barrackpore, Bengal ; Tenasserim. ? . Length 9 ; exp. 20 mm.
223. Fseudagenia concolor.
Agenia concolor, Sauss. Novara Heise, Rym. p. 54, c? • Pseudagenia concolor. Cam. Mem. Munch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) iv, 1891, p. 437.
(5 . Eesembles P. insularis, Sauss., but is more slender in form, with" the thorax strongly compressed, narrower, and longer; clypeus long, transversely truncate ; labrum transverse and subemarginate ; postscuteilum obsoletely striate on both sides, metanotum with no median sulca and not transversely striate ; abdomen slender, fusiform, vertically compressed, nearly as long as the head and thorax put together. Black, the head, thorax, and cox£e with silvery pile ; the apex of the mandibles and the palpi ferruginous; legs and abdomen red, the coxse and tarsi pubescent ; wings obscurely fuscous, with a violet and purple effulgence, the apical margin slightly darker.
Hah. Ceylon, d . Length 14 ; exp. 27 mm.
224. Pseudagenia pedunculata.
Pompilus pedunculatus, Sinith, Cat. iii, p. 145, J . Salius pedunculatus. Cam. Mem. Munch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) iv, 1891 p. 452.
9 Head, thorax in front, and abdomen smooth, median se<^m'ent transversely striate ; clypeus transversely oval, its anterior margin rounded and toothed in the middle ; front with an obscure impressed line from the anterior ocellus to between the base ot the antenna ; pronotum short, rounded in front, and considerably narrowed towards the head ; median segment rounded and promi- nent with an obscure impressed line longitudinally down the middle ; legs long, rather stout, the tibiiB and tarsi with imnute spines; abdomen shorter than the thorax, petiolate. Head thorax and the coxte of the legs black; the trochanters, femora
PSBUDAGENTA.
113
tibise, and tarsi bright orange-brown,.abclonien reddish brown • the fore wing fusco-hyaline, the hind wing hyaline, lightly fuscesceut towards the apex.
ZTaft N India; Sikhim; Barrackpore. ^.Length 12-15- ex-p. 26-25 mm. '
225. Pseudagenia obsoleta.
Agenia obsoleta, Sauss. Novara Jteise, Hym. r 56 9 nl ;;; tig. 37, c? • .7 r ) + ) 1". uj,
Pseiid^|enia obsoleta, Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) iv, 1891,
S. Head not so wide as the thorax; clypeus emarginate • labrum large oval : the front of the face flat, dh^ded by a fertieal furrow and tuberculate below; eyes parallel; thorax long, quadrate truncate anteriorly and posteriorly; pronotum short posteriS margin arched ; scuteHnm and postscutellum raised in the midX and laterally compressed; median segment cubical in form abruptly truncate posteriorly, above smooth or slightly punctured- abdomen sessde, ovate, vertically flattened, finlly and densely' punc ured. Head, antenna, pro- and mesonotum, teguS the scu ellum legs, and abdomen red; the head and thorax wth golden red pde; the rest of the thorax and the cox^ with bkck sometimes tulvous-tmted pile; the margins of the segments of the abdomen abov-^ b ack in the middle f wings fuscous? whh a fulvous and towards the apex violet eifulgence Varieties hive the metanotum marked with red, or entirely red, and the coxS reddish others are more slender, with the margination of the clypeus angular, the thorax entirely black with cinereous and sUvery
Mab. Ceylon. $ . LengiJi 17; exp. 32 mm.
*226. Pseudagenia insularis.
Agenia insularis, Sams. Novara Reise, Hym p 55 o Ps^eudagenia insularis, Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. 8oc (4.) iy, iggi,
? . Allied to P. ohsoleta, Sauss., but abundantly different Clypeus longer, convex, its anterior margin arched nnrl ^'■'^f':- the middle, and wrinkled; frontal tuberde si^iiLTt^thel;'' deeper; pronotum with the posterior margin subcanLuhtP ^ and markedly angular; scutellum convex postscu^^^^^^^^^ by an obsolete furrow and obliquely striate' on tt. J ^'^'^""^ segmentnottruncate sh-ghtlysl l^reotex^'wS^^
Sre^Xl"^ ' Jda^rl'fituTSr^
iTai. Ceylon. 2 ■ Length 17 • exp. 32 mm.
I have not seen either this snecie's rr p ^««,„„7 a seems closely allied to it. Both o far 7Z T ^'"f'"' seem to be very similar to P pcdZcuL^' fZh^'V-'"'''' ^^oes, that all three are forms of one speTs ' ^"'"'^^^
VOL. I.
I
114
POMI'ILIDjE.
227. Pseudagenia plebeja. ^ . -
\irmntin\ehii\ei, Saius. Novara Ileise, Ilym. -p. t>7, 6 . . pSa 'enia plel^eja, Cum. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) iv, 1891,
p. 438.
A Head pruinose. thorax and abdomen smooth ; clypeus convex, i,stterSor margin widely emarginate ; the J^^! furrow tuberculate above the antenna ; pronotum short, sub- aniila • its posterior margin arched, the suture profound ; median Se t rounded posteriorly, short; abdomen longitudinally and verrfinely aciculate. Head with cinereous, sometimes yellowish thorax and abdomen with fuscous hau-s, and an obscure i'uS or chalybeous pruinosity ; the antennae beneath, a spot oftheSddle of the maidibles, a spot on the front along the °^terior 3 s, a stripe behind the eyes, with the tegul^fi, fusco- rufous • le's with a fuscous and anteriorly rufescent pile ; vangs
IZ^^tL'^GuSr. Voy. Co,., Zool. ii, pt. 2, p. 260; SmUH,
Cai. iii, p. 143. ... Anoplius cyaneus, Lepel Hym. m, P • 44b.
^s:.».X«"-£ri:?.''.t. ,4> i. 1801,
P-436. J Q Head fore part of the thorax, and abdomen smooth and
dull black, basal ^ nervures piceous ; beneath the
^torn'^sSck with o^ly the basal segment blue, the head tt" cLselyl the sides of L thorax and abdomen more lightly
'%:t SrBSr: Ceylon, extending to Malacca, Borneo, and Cefebes. ? • Length 12-14; e.p. 24-27 mm. 229 Pseudagenia clypeata, Bingh. Jour. Lmn. Soc. 1896, p. 427. ^ -D ■ • the head a little broader than the thorax; clypeus
short, the anterior angles square, Postmor^^^ , .
arched, -^-^t '''^^'^Z:i:^'lt^^^^ ^^°P^ ^«
rest of the thorax, rounded PO^Jfrioiiy, ^ /central longi-
apex, obsoletely ^ra-verselv striate^^^^^^^ ^^^^
PSEUDAGBNIA,
115
large white macula on each side, the anterior tibiffi and tarsi testaceous, the ititermodiate femora at apex, and the posterior femora except at the extreme base light orange-red ; wings hyaline, brilliantly iridescent in certain lights, nervures and tegidaj testa- ceous. ^ In some specimens the clypeus is entirely white.
cJ similar, but slighter and smaller, the anterior femora, tibia;, and tarsi, and the intermediate and posterior femora completely light orange-red.
Huh. Burma; Tenasserim. 5. Length Q~12; eay. 17-2S mm. 6 . Length 7-9 ; exp. 14-17 mm.
230. Pseudagenia albilabris, n. sp.
6 ■ Head, thorax, and abdomen pruinose ; the clypeus large convex, its anterior margin transverse and slightly waved ; eyes' convergent above; prouotum short, rounded, and very' steep anteriorly : median segment long, rounded, with a gradual slope to the apex, and a central longitudinally impressed line, its anterior lobe deeply sulcated in the middle and obsoletely transverselv striate ; legs long, the tibiae and tarsi smooth, the long calcaria of the hmd tibiae about half the length of the metatarsus ; abdomen petiolate, fusiform, about as long as the bead and thorax too-ether Black, with a thin silvery pile; the palpi, labrum, mandibles &t apex' clypeus except an obscure spot in the centre, face to a little aiSove the base of the antennae in the middle and up to the vertex .alon"- the inner orbits of the eyes, the scape of the antennse in front° the anterior coxae in front, the femora, tibije, and tarsi the posterior margins of segments 2-4 of the abdomen, with a large subtriangnlar macula on each side of the 6th and the apical segment, yellowish white ; the intermediate and' posterior femora hght orange-red, the tibite and tarsi dusky black • wino-s hyahne and iridescent, nervures and tegul» testaceous. ' Hah. Kumaun, N. India. <S ■ Length 10 ; exp. 18 mm.
231. Pseudagenia stulta, Bingh. Jour. Lmn. Soc. 1896, p. 428, $.
2 . Pruinose ; head wider than the thorax, strongly convex anteriorly; clypeus narrow, transverse; pronotum very square in front, anteriorly almost emarginate, the lateral angles produced • the thorax in front finely punctured ; the median segment rounded posteriorly, finely cribrate, its apex with an abbreviated shallow central, longitudinal furrow ; legs with the tibise and tarsi minutelv spined; abdomen pebiolate, as long as the thorax, shining and somewhat aciculate. Black, the clypeus and front with glitterine silvery pile ; the coxae, trochanters, femora, tibiie, and tarsi of the anterior, and the coxae, trochanters, and femora of the intermediate and posterior legs blood-red; wings hyaline and iridescent the nervures and tegulae testaceous. ' Hab. Tenasserim. $ . Length ] 1 ; exp. 26 mm.
I 2
116 .POMPILIDJB.
232. Pseudagenia tincta.
Poiupilus tiuctus, &mith, Cat. in, p. 145^ 2 •
Agenia tincta, Smith, Jour. Lmn. &oc 1 867, p. 364.
Agenin mutabilis, Smith, Trans. Zool. Soc. xu,lS70, p. 186, 5
rseudagenia tiucta. Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. &oc. (4) iv, 1891,
pp. 437, 441. Pseudagenia mutabilis, Cam. t. c. p. i-il.
9 Pruinose; clypeus transversely oval, convex, its anterior margin boldly arched; pronotum short, its posterior margin widely arched; median segment broad, rounded, rather steep atapex, vvith a central longitudinally impressed line; legs smooth the tibiae and tarsi unarmed ; abdomen distinctly petiolate, the petiole shorl. Black, with soft, thin, rather longish silvery white pile, most dense on the clypeus, the sides of the face, and apex of the median se-ment; the legs obscurely testaceous, the posterior femora except at apex pale red ; posterior margins of the segments of the abdomen narrowly testaceous. The colour- of the legs varies ; in some specimens it is black with the posterior or posterior and inter- mediate, or all the femora more or less red.
cJ similar ; differs in having the median segment and the petiole of the abdomen comparatively much longer. Both sexes have the wings hyahne and iridescent, and the nervures and tegulae
^^S^'^North-West Provinces, Sikhim, and Barrackpore in India ;■ Burma and Tenasserim. ? . Lerujth 9-11 ; exp. 14 mm. (J . Length 7-9 ; exp. 14 mm.
233. Pseudagenia bipennis.
Agenia bipennis, Savss.
P- 52, cJ . . ^ „
Pseudagenia bipennis. Cam. Mem. L. Ph. Soc. (4) iv, 1891, p. 436.
^ Eesembles P. alaris, Sauss., hut is smaller and more slender ; the head is not so wide m proportion to the thorax, and the anterior and intermediate coxae in front, the labrura, apex of the mandibles, sides of the clypeus, and the inner orbits of the eyes are yellowish white, and the posterior femora dull orange-red.
Hab. Sikhim; Burma; Tenasserun ; Ceylon, cj . Length 9 ; exp. 17 mm.
Novara Reise, Hym.
Manch.
— Pseud- bipennis,
234. Pseudagenia hypsipyle, Bingh. Joum. Bomb. N. H. Soc. 1893, p. 370.
TT^nrq thorax in front, and abdomen pruinose, smooth but not
PSEUDAGENIA.
117
petiolate. Black, the posterior femora red, the face in front, the sides of the thorax, aud the median segment at apex covered with silvery pile ; the base of the 1st to the oth segments of the abdomen with lateral short broad bands of tlie same, only visible in certain lights ; wings hyaline, iridescent, a faint fnscoiis fascia crossing the fore wing from the radial to the apex of the 2ijd discoidal cell ; nervures and tegulsB testaceous brown.
Hab. Sikhim ; Tenasserim. $ . Length 16 ; exp. 29 mm. smaller and slighter.
*23o. Pseudagenia vedaf, Cam. Mem. Manck L. Ph. Soc. (4) iv, 1891 pp. 438, 440.
"Black, wings clear hyaline; a small fuscous cloud below and touching the stigma. Eyes a little converging, the hinder ocelli separated from each other by a very slightly less distance than they are from the ej'es. Clypeus short, convex, the apex broadly rounded. Occiput slightly concave in the middle. The front strongly aciculate, the vertex shining, almost impunctate. The head except on the vertex densely covered with a silvery pubescence, the vertex with a few fuscous hairs ; the lower and outer orbits with some long silvery ones. Pronotum shorter than the head, roundly narrowed towards the head, shallowly concave behind. Pro- and mesothorax alutaceous ; the median segment with a rounded slope, irregularly transversely striated, deeply furrowed down the centre, the sides covered with long whitish hairs. Abdomen shining pruinose, having an olive tint, the petiole with a distinct neck. Radial cellule wide, angled where the cubital nervures are received ; the 2nd cubital cellule at the top distinctly shorter than the 3rd, especially on the lower side; the 1st and 2nd transverse cubital nervures with a slight oblique curve • the 1st recurrent nervure is received a little beyond the middle • the 2nd at a less distance from the base. Legs densely covered with a silvery pile ; the long spur of the hind tibiae not much more than one-third of tlie length of the metatarsus ; the front spurs pale, the front tarsi fuscous ; the tibiae with short spines ; the metatarsal brush slight. This species differs from the others in having the basal nervure interstitial, but in other respects it agrees with the generic character. ''■Length 7 mm." Hab. Poona ( Wroughton).
236. Pseudagenia alaris.
Ageuia alaris, Sams. Novara Raise, Hym. p. 62, $ .
Pseudagenia alaris, Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) i v, 1891, p. 436.
Ti*'^ T"'? 'described by Mr. Cameron, from specimens in
Mr. Wrouglitons collection. In Mr. Bothney's collectioa there are two specimens ol a Pseudagenia (whioh do not in any way differ from P tincta) labelled P. veda in Mr. Cameron's writing. As neither corresponds' to the published description of veda, I conclude the label has been attached to tho two specimens by mistake.
118
POMPILIDjB.
$ . Pruinose ; head wide, much wider than the thorax ; clypeus trausversely oval, convex, its anterior margin arched, and with a minute tooth in the middle ; pronotum rounded anteriorly and abruptly narrowed towards the head ; scutellum and post- scutellum prominent, compressed laterally in the middle; median segment long, obsoletely transversely striate, rounded, with a gradual slope to apex and an obscure shallow central longitudinal sulcation ; legs very long and slender, the tibiiB and tarsi with minute spines ; abdomen petiolate, fusiform, about the length of the thorax. Black, with a hoary pile, silvery in certain lights on the clypeus and sides of the face ; wings hyaline and iridescent, obscurely yellow -tinted at base, a pale fuscous cloud occupies the base of the radial, the 2nd and 3rd cubital, and the apex of the 2nd discoidal cell ; uervures and tegulaj testaceous,
cJ similar, but sliuhter and smaller.
Hub. aikhim ; Burma ; Teuasserim ; Ceylon. $ . Leyigth 11-14 ; exp. 18-21 ujm. 6 . Length 8-10 ; exp. 18-20 mm.
237. Pseudagenia IsBvicula, n. sp.
5 . Head and thorax opaque, very slightly pruinose, abdomen smooth ; clypeus subconvex, its anterior margin arched and with a minute tooth in the middle; pronotum short, rounded anteriorly; median segment long, posteriorly rounded, with a gradual slope to the apex and obscure fine transverse striations ; legs with the tibiae and tarsi very minutely spined, almost smooth ; abdomen short, petiolate. Black, the clypeus, sides of the face, and sides of the median segment at apex with silvery pile ; wings hyalme, iridescent and with a fuscous cloud occupying the apex of the radial and descending into the apex of the 2nd discoidal cell. . „ ^,
cJ very similar, but with the femora, tibise, and tarsi of the anterior legs, and the intermediate and posterior femora light testaceous or orange-red, the calcaria of the intermediate tibiaj testaceous yellow, of the posterior tibia; black.
Hah. Teuasserim. ? . Length 7-8 ; exp. 13 mm. 6 • Lemgth 6-7 ; exp. 13 mm.
238. Pseudagenia micromegala. „ . ^ K^ o ^^ \\\
Agenia micromegas, Smiss. Novara Beise, Hym. p. SI, V> P^- 1".
Pseudagenia micromegas, Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) iv, 1891, p. 437.
2 Pruinose; head broader than long; thorax very broad; clypeus subconvex, its anterior margin arched, reflexed in the middle; thorax compressed, pronotum narrowed antenorly its no terior margin arched; median segment convexly dec ivous with rceutral longitudinal sulcation ; legs long, the tibial calcaria long ; abdomen widely subfusiform. Black, with dense cinereous pile the ts Saceous'^brown, the tibial calcaria light testaceous ; the front with arufescent spot in the sinus of the eyes ; wmgs hyaline and
PSBUDAGBNIA.
119
iridescent, with a narrow fuscous fascia along the basal ncrvure, and another broader one reaching from the base of the radial to the apex of the 2nd discoidal cell.
Bab. Ceylon. $ . Lemjlh 6 ; exp. 10 mm.
239. Pseudagenia callisto.
Ageniii callisto, Smith, Jour. Linn. Soc. 1869, p, 164, 5 .
$ . Closely resembles P. alaris, Sauss., but is more densely covered with silvery pile, which on the abdomen has a tesselated appearance ; the median segment is more markedly transversely striate aud not sulcated, and the fore wing is crossed by two dark fuscous clouds — one narrow, along the basal nervure, the other much broader, from the base of the radial to the apex of the 2nd discoidal cell.
S similar, but the intermediate and posterior femora and the base of the abdomen are obscurely orange-red, and the anterior tarsi with the calcaria of the intermediate and posterior tibiffl testaceous yellow.
Hub. Tenasserim; Sumatra; Aru Islands; probably extending throughout the Malayan region. $. Length 14-17; exp. 28- 31 mm. cf . Length 11; e.vp.2Qmm.
240. Pseudagenia acricula, n. sp.
$ . Head, thorax in front, and abdomen smooth, somewhat shining; median segment coarsely transversely rugose, almost cribrate ; clypeus transverse, slightly convex ; antennaj with the joints of the tiagellum constricted at their bases ; median segment short, rounded, with a steep slope at apex, where there is a central shallow longitudinal sulcation ; legs rather stout, the tibia and tarsi very feebly spinose ; abdomen petiolate. Black, the scape and basal six or seven joints of the flagellum of the antenna dusky red ; the anterior femora, tibia, and basal joint of the tarsi, and the intermediate and posterior coxa, trochanters, and femora red : wings hyaline, the stigma jet-black, a broad fuscous cloud or bar with the sides sharply and evenly defined occupies the basal three- fourths of the radial cell and descends obhquely outwards through the 2nd and 3rd cubital to the 2nd and 3rd discoidal cells ; the basal nervure in the fore wing is also shaded narrowly on' both sides with fuscous.
Hab. Tenasserim, $ . Length 7 ; exp. 15 mm,
241. Pseudagenia erigone, Bingh. Jour. Linn. Soc. 1896, p. 426.
? . Head and thorax rugose, abdomen smooth and shining, head and pronotum very closely and finely punctured ; mesonotum scutellum, and postscutellum longitudinally, the median segment transversely, and the pleura obhquely striate, the stria very fine on the mesonotum and pleura, and coarse on the scutellum, post- scutellum, and median segment ; legs smooth, with very minute
120
POMPILIDjE.
spines on the tibiae and on the tarsi beneath ; abdomen petiolate. Black, the head, pro- and mesonotum, and median segment dull and opaque, the scutellum and abdomen shining; the opaque parts covered with an almost imperceptible sparse silvery pile : wings hyaline, with two fuscous transverse fascijB — the first broad, along the basal nervare, and reaching from the costal to the posterior margin of the fore wing ; tlie second narrower, occupying the basal angle of the radial and the apex of the 2Qd cubital cell.
Hub. The Kareu Hills, Tenasserim. $ . Length 13 ; exp. 27 mm.
242. Pseudagenia aegina.
Agenia regina, Smith, Jonr. Linn. Soc. 1858, p. 94, $ ; idem, 1867, p. 355.
Pseudagenia segina, Cam. 3Iem. Manch. Z. Ph. Soc. (4) v, 1891, p. 436.
9 c? . Head and abdomen smooth, thorax finely rugose ; clypeus large, convex, orbicular, its anterior margin toothed in the middle ; pronotum, mesonotum, and scutellum with very fine punctures ; median segment long, abruptly rounded posteriorly and transversely striate ; legs long, armed with a few short feeble spines ; abdcmen subpetiolate. Head, legs, and abdomen black, thorax blood-red wings hyaline, with in the fore wing a shading of fuscous on both sides of the basal nervure, and an irregular transverse fuscous spot beyond, occupying the basal two-thirds of the radial, the 2nd and 3rd cubital cells, and extending into the 2nd and 3rd (in- complete) discoidal cells.
.¥a6. India ; Burma ; Tenasserim ; Ceylon ; Borneo. $ . Liiigth 10 ; e.vp. 24 mm. 6 slighter and much smaller.
243. Pseudagenia rava, Binffh. Jour. Linn. Soc. 1896, p. 426.
9 Pruinose ; the head in front and on the vertex, the pronotum and mesonotum strongly aciculate; the clypeus convex, its anterior margin rounded and toothed m the middle ; a short, deeply impressed hne between the bases of the antenna, the latter stout, con- volute ; the head posteriorly concave, the pronotum square, the anterior angles pro- minent ; the median segment bulging, pro- minent, lightly transversely striate, the apex rounded and steeply sloped, almost trun- cate ; legs stout, the tibiae and tarsi slightly spinose; abdomen subpetiolate, long, as long as the thorax, and slightly curved. Black, the clypeus and face with dense silvery pile, the anterior margin of the F.eu^g!:trL,2. I ^lypeus fringed with long black hairs ;
posterior margins of abdominal segments 1-4 with broad bands of silvery pile, produced on the 2nd and 3rd segments angularly forward in the middle ; wings flavo-
PSEUDAGBNIA.
121
hyaline, the apical margins from the middle of the radial cell in the fore wing lightly fuscous ; nervures and tegulte testaceous. Hah. Bangalore, iS. India. $ . Length 10-12 ; exp. 18-21 mm.
*244. Pseudagenia nana.
Agenia nana, Sauss. Nouara lieise, Hym. p. 55, $ .
Pseudagenia nana, C«m. Mei)i. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4)iv,189],p. 438.
$ . Small and slender ; the head a little wider than the thorax, the eyes convergent above ; pronotum posteriorly angular ; scutellum subconvex ; median segment posteriorly rounded, the apex vertically truncate, with an obscure furrow; legs slightly spinose, the anterior tarsi pectinate. Black with greyish-white pile, the head in front, thorax beneath and on the sides with silvery pile; the posterior margin of the pronotum, a spot at the base of the posterior tibise above, and the tibial calcaria white ; the apex of the abdomen fuscescent ; wings hyaline, the apex lightly fuscous, the nervures subfuscous.
Hab. Ceylon. 5 . Length 8; exp. 15 mm.
This species is unknown to me, but, fi'om the fact that the antei'ior tarsi are said to be pectinated, I should say it is more likely to be a Fompilus than a Pseudagenia.
245. Pseudagenia juno.
Saliusjuno, Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) iv, 1891, pp.451, 456.
5 . Head, thorax, and abdomen smooth, opaque ; clypeus slightly convex, much broader than high, anteriorly rounded and produced into a tooth in the middle ; head broader than the thorax, eyes converging above: pronotum rather long, square anteriorly, with the anterior lateral angles a little produced, posterior margin angular; median segment long, with a rather steep slope to the apex, posteriorly rounded and lightly transversely striate : legs long, the tibias smooth, slightly pruinose, the tarsi with minute spines ; abdomen petiolate, suddenly widened beyond the petiole, subglobular. Black, the clypeus, front, and coxae of the legs anteriorly with silvery pile ; the abdomen red, the base of the petiole black : wings hyaline, apex of the fore wing broadly fuscous ; Ihe nervures, tegula, the knees, and front tarsi testaceous.
Bab. Barrackpore, Bengal. 5 . Length 8 ; exp. 15 mm.
Eesembles P. pedimculata, Smith, but that has the pronotum anteriorly narrowed, not square, and posteriorly arched, not angular.
246. Pseudagenia cserulea.
Pompilus cseruleus, ISinith, Cat. iii, p, 147, $ . Agenia coerulea, Smith, Jour. Linn. Soc. 1867, p. 355. Pseudagenia cserulea, Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) iv, 1891 pp. 436, 438. '
2 . Head, mesonotum, scutellum, and sides of the thorax finely punctured, the pronotum anteriorly with scattered distant
122
POMPILIDjB.
punctures ; median segment rounded posteriorly with a steep slope to its apex, and transversely striate and rugose, a shallow sulcation down tbe middle, with a longitudinally impressed line on each side close to the stigmata ; legs long, armed with only very minute spines ; abdomen subpetiolate, smooth and shining. Deep shining metallic blue with shades o£ green in certain lights ; antennaj and tarsi opaque black : wings hyaline, some fuscous shading along the basal nervure of fore wing and in the 2nd cubital and discoidal cells ; nervures and tegula9 testaceous brown.
Hub. India (Bengal) ; Sumatra. $. Length 11-15; exp. 27- 31 mm. 6 unknowu.
Genus SALIUS. Salius, pt., Fabr. Syst. Piez. p. 124 (1804).
Priocnemis, pt., Schiodte, Mon. Pomp., Kr dyer's Tidsskr. 1837, p. 321. Hemipepsis, pt. ; Priocnemis, pt. ; Cyphononyx, pt. ; Homonotus, pt. ;
at Entypus, pt., Dahlb. Hym. Eur. i, p. 440 et seq. (1845). PaUosoma, pt., Lepel. Hym. iii (1845) p. 492. Mygnimia, pt., Stnith, Cat. iii (1855) p. 181. Salius, Kohl, Verh. zool.-bot. Ges. Wien, 1884, p. 43.
Type, S. bicolor, Fabr.
Range. Over both hemispheres.
Fig. 29. — Salius nicevillii, 5 •
Form of the clypeus, pronotum, and median segment very variable : wings long and ample, fore wing with 3 cubital cells, tbe 3rd cubital cell measured on the cubital nervure as long as or longer than the 2nd cubital cell, the latter receives the Isfc recurrent nervure after the middle of the cell, and in one group (Muqnimia, Smith) at the extreme apex, interstitial with the 2nd transverse cubital nervure ; the 3rd cubital cell receives the 2nd
SA.LIUS.
128
recurrent nervure before the middle ; the basal or transverse medial nervure takes its rise before the ape.x ot the 1st submedial cell, the cubital nervure stops short of the margin of the wing, and the discoidal nervure reaches, ordinarily, up to it; in many species a hyaline discoidal spot is present, conspicuous when the w ing is of a dark shade ; in the hind wing the cubital nervure originates, as a rule, just before the apex of the anal cell. Legs very long, the apex of the posterior tibia, when the legs are stretched, reaching well beyond the apex of the abdomen ( ? ) ; the armature of the legs varies, but generally is well developed ; the anterior tarsi are ciliated on the outside, the posterior tibite are angular or sub- angular, never quite cylindrical, in most of the species grooved, spined, and serrated, very often strongly so ; claws with one or more erect teeth on their under margins, or bifid. Abdomen pseudo- sessile, the 2nd ventral segment with a transverse impressed line or groove, as a rule well-marked in the female, nearly obsolete and difficult of detection in the male.
Very little is known of the habits of the species belonging to this genus, which contains some of the largest forms of Hymenoptera in the World. Some, like Pompilus, make their nests in the ground, digging these themselves, and providing spiders as food for their broods ; others make use of holes in trees, and provision their nests with cockroaches, or, like the Larridce, with crickets.
Key to the Species.
A. Tarsal claws bidentate.
a. Wings some shade of fulvous yellow. a' . Head and thorax black.
d-. Wings a peculiar oily fuscous
yellow S. anthracinus, p. 126.
6^. Wings broadly infuscate at base and apical margin, a'. Fore wing with the apical margin int'uscate up to the base
of the 2nd cubital cell S, satelles, p. 127.
Ifl. Fore wing with the apical margin infuscate only up to
apex of the 3rd cubital cell . . S. hellicosus, p. 127. V . Head and thorax ferruginous, with ferruginous pile, or fidvoua red. a . Abdomen black.
a?. Median segment ferruginous . . S. aureosericeus, p. 127. b^. Median segment black.
a*. Apical margins of the wings
pale S, ceylonicus, p. 128.
h*. Apical margin of fore wing fuscous.
a'. Median segment posteriorly rounded, with a gentle
slope to the apex S. fuloipenms, p. 129.
Median segment posteriorly with a steep slope, almost truncate S. perplexut, p. 130.
124
POMPILIDjE.
h^. Abdomen fulvous red.
The abdominal segments above
with broad transverse black [p. 132.
bands S. fenestratus (var.j
4". The abdominal segments entirely
fulvous red S. ruKdm, p. 130.
c'. Abdomen dull ferruginous yellow. /S. ichneumoneus, p. 130. v'. Head and thorax obscure blacldsh castaneous ; clypeus, antennae, and legs below femora with golden
ferruginous pile S. sycophanta, p. 131.
h. Wings fuscous or fuscous black, with a purple effulgence. a! . Fore wing with a large subovate spot
of silvery pile on the disc S. ducalis, p. 131.
b' . "Wings immaculate.
a-. Abdomen black S. caruleopennis, p. 132.
b". Abdomen red, or fulvous or fer- ruginous red. a^. The abdominal segments above marked with broad transverse
black bands S. fenestratus, p. 132.
b^. The abdominal segments without transverse bands. Basal two segments of ab- domen black S. veda, p. 133.
i". Only basal segment of abdo- men black. a^ Head and antennas fulvous or ferruginous, with ferru- ginous or golden pile S. sinensis, p. 133.
v. Head black; antenna only
ferruginous or yellow .... S. indicus, p. 134. c"*. The entire abdomen ferru- ginous red, only the extreme base narrowly black S. smithii, p. 134.
B. Tai-sal claws unidentate or bifid.
a. Wings fuscous, fuscous brown or black, with generally a brilliant purple-blue or green effulgence.
a'. Head beneath bituberculate S. tuberculatus, p. 1-35.
b'. Head normal, not tuberculate be- neath.
Fore wing variegated with yellow
hyaline spots ^lotypis, p. 135.
Fore wing with an irregular yellow hyaline patch or bar on the disc. . S. venatorius, p. Irfb. c^. Fore ^ving with a portion of the 1st discoidal and 2nd submedial
cells clear hyaline 5. ^Zacirfjw, p. 13b.
d^. Both wings entirely fuscous or fuscous brown. a^. Head, thorax, and abdomen fulvous red, the last with trans-
parent black bars <S. nicemlln (var.), p. 141
SALIUS.
125
b\ Head and fore part of the thorax with ferruginous golden pub- escence. a*. Abdomen entirely black. a\ Median segm en t tran 3 vers ely
striate. L. 16-18 mm. . . S. prcestabilis, p. 130. 6'. Median segment not trans- versely striate. L. 12 mm. S. acer, p. 137. b^'. Abdomen with one or more of the apical segments studded with golden ferru- ginous hairs, rt^ Apical segment only with I'erruginous hairs ; claws
bifid S. bipartitus, p. 137.
b\ Apical two or three segments with ferruginous or golden pubescence ; claws with an erect tooth at base
below, not bifid S. consaiiguineus, p. 138.
(?. Head and fore part of the thorax with black pubescence. a*. Wings with magnificent pur- ple, coppery, and roseate tints.
AntenniB ( S ) not ciliated . . S. fulgidipennis, p. 138. b*. Wings with brilliant green
tints. Antennae ( J ) ciliated. S. iridipennis, p. 139. c*. Wings with dark purplish tints, not very effulgent. Antennre ( c? ) not ciliated. a^. Fore tibiae and tarsi and
the antennse black S. madraspatanus, p. 139,
b^. Fore tibise and tarsi and the antennae beneath fulvous
brown S. mirandm, p. 139,
<i'. Head, thorax, and abdomen with cinerous silvery pile ; wings (especially the hind wing) light
fusco-hyaline S. proper us,
Wings yellow, or brownish or reddish yellow.
a'. Head, thorax, and abdomen covered more or less with longish golden pubescence, a". Wings light flavo-hyaline, without
a discoidal spot S. crinitus, p. 140.
6^. Wings light brownish, with a dis- tinct discoidal spot S. exilipes,^.\'^\.
v. Head and thorax covered with short velvety pile ; abdomen smooth and shining or opaquely pilose, never pubescent. d'. Head, thorax, and abdomen red or brownish red, the last with black transverse bars, o'. Of comparatively large size
126
POMriLID^.
($. L. 24-30 mm.). Wings deep fulvous red, apical raargm
lightly fuscescent S. mcevillii, p. 141.
i'. Smaller ( $ . L. 20 mm.). Wings pnle oily bro-wTi; fore wing with a faint fuscous subapical cloud. S. terrenus, p. 141. P. Head and fore part of thorax fulvous or ferruginous yellow, with golden pile. Of robust build ; median segment coarsely transversely striate . . S.flavus, p. 142. 6\ Of slighter build; median seg- ment finely reticulate S. gransator, p. 143.
c\ Head and the whole of the thorax fulvous or ferruginous yellow, covered, as is the abdomen also,
with a thin silky golden pile -S. sericosoma, p. 143.
cF. Head, thorax, and abdomen black, the head and thorax variegated
with yellow markings 5. vertieahs, p. 144.
c. Wings clear hyaline.
a'. Abdomen entirely black, with bands
of cinereous silvery pile . . ■. S. momus, p. 144.
b'. Abdomen entirely yellowish red, the
extreme base only black S. obsonator, p. 144.
c'. Abdomen with the basal half red, the apical half black. «^ Median segment above coarsely
reticulate. ? . L. 16 mm S. valentulus, p. 145.
P. Median segment above finely trans- versely striate ; slighter and _ smaUer. ? . L. 12 mm S. gemmus, p. 145.
d. Wings hyaline, fore wing with fuscous
fascise or clouds. a' Abdomen with basal half red, apical
half black S.electus,-p.U6.
v. Abdomen entirely black ; front above
base of antennae with two parallel
carinse and a shining fovea between
them ^- rothneyi, p. 146.
c'. Abdomen entirely black ; front not
carinated, a shining fovea only
present cofm, p. 146.
247. Salius authraciiras. . , ^ ... ,
Mygnimia anthracina. Smith, Cat. m, p.
Saliiis anthracina, Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) iv, 1891, pp. 442, 447.
o Clvpeus smooth, the rest of the head, the thorax, aud abdomen pruinose; the median segment at base depressed sud- denT and markedly below the postscutellum and roughly trans- ve^sJlv striate- the legs long and slender; the intermediate and To terlor^^^^r^^^^ and tfrsi s?inose, the posterior tibi^ serrated ; Abdomen subpetiolate, somewhat fusiform. Deep velvety bla^k the clypeus aliitaceous ; the apical three joints of the tarsi
SALIUS.
127
testaceous brown ; wings fusco-hyaline, with an oily yellow tinge, the base and the apex broadly dark fuscous.
S similar, but with the disc ol: the wings covered with a fine short silvery-white sericeous pile.
Hal. Syihet ; Sikhim ; Borneo ; Java ; Sumatra. ? . Lemjih 29 ; exp. 62 mm. d . Length 26 ; exj}. 60 mm.
248. Salius satelles, Bingh. Jour. Linn. Soc. 1896, p. 433.
. Pruinose ; the clypeus small, convex, its anterior margin almost transverse in the middle and slightly incurved ; the meso- uotum broad, subconvex, slightly aciculate ; scutellum and post- scutellum raised in the middle, very prominent, the latter forming a tubercle; median segment long, somewhat truncate at apex, transversely striated, longitudinally sulcate on each side of a median line, the sides slightly raised, and ending at the apex in well-marked but blunt projections ; legs long and slender, the tibiaj and tarsi feebly spinose; abdomen short, vertically com- pressed, the ventral furrow on the 2nd segment feebly indicated. Intensely black, the clypeus alutaceous, the underside of the antennse slightly fulvous ; wings fuscous, with a broad hyaline yellow transverse bar across the disc in the fore wing, extencUng iFrom the apical half of the basal cell to a little beyond the base of the 2nd cubital and 2nd discoidal cells ; nervures fuscous black, yellow on the hyaline portion of the wing ; tegulae black. Hab. Tenasserim. d • Length 22 ; e.vp. 52 mm.
249. Salius heUicosus. (PI. I, fig. 5.)
Mvgnimia helhcosa, Smith, A. M. N. B. (4) xn, 1873, p. 256.
Salius belicosus, Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) iv, 1891, p. 443.
Salius hercules, Cam. t. c. pp. 444 & 447, S ■ 5 . Closely resembles S. sycophanta, Gribodo, but is smaller, has the pronotum shorter, and the median segment longer in pro- portion; the abdomen smooth and shining, and more petiolate, and the wings dark fuscous at base up to or a little beyond the basal nervure, then deep flavo-hyaline, with the apex fuscous. The male has the antennse fuscous above for half their length from base, and the legs darker than in the female.
Var. 5 . With the fuscous colour in the basal portion of the fore wing not quite reaching up to the basal nervure.
Hah. Bengal; Naga Hills; Pegu Hills, Burma; Tenasserim. 5 . Length 35-42 ; exp. 64-82 mm. d . Length 26-34 ; exp. 56-67 mm. Mr. Cameron's minute description of S. hercules compared with the type of S. hellicosus. Smith, in the British Museum, leaves no doubt as to the identity of the two.
250. Salius aureosericeus.
Pompilus aureosericus, Guir. Voy. Coq., Zool. ii, pt. 2, p. 256. Mygnimia aiireosericea, Smith, Cat. iii, p. 182. Salius aiueosericea, Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) iv, 1891, p. 443.
128
POMPILIDjE.
Saliua elizabethEB, ^m^r/i. Jour. Bomb. N. H. Soc. viii, 1893, p. 372,
$ . Head, thorax, and abdomen densely pruinose ; the clypeus
broad, slightly convex, its anterior margin truncate in the middle, front above the base of the antennae with a broad, shallow sulcation and an abbreviated impressed perpendicular line down its middle ; median seg- ment depressed, at base below tiie postscutullum rounded and roughly transversely striate, its apex ab- ruptly truncate, the truncation smooth ; legs long, the tibiae and tarsi spinose, the posterior tibiae serrated ; the abdomen broadly fusi- form. Head, thorax, and legs ferru- ginous red, covered on the head, pro- and mesothorax with dense, and on the median segment and legs with more scanty silky golden pile ; abdomen black, with velvety black pile, the apical two segments with reddish golden pile; wings ferruginous yellow, with tlie apex and posterior margin palely
fuscescent. , , . , ,
cJ similar, but the median segment is rounded with a regular slope to the apex, the antennae are subfusiform, and the abdomen somewhat vertically compressed. A variety {elizabethce) has the abdomen entirely black. , no =o
Hub. S. India ; Tenasserim ; Java. ? . Length ; exy.
60-84 mm. 6 ■ Length 17-38 ; exp. 44-80 mm.
JSfote.—l suspect P. gigas, Taschenberg (Zeitsch. fur d. b-es. Naturwiss. 1869, p. 40) is only a variety of this puzzling species, which affords a good example of the impossibility of separating the genus Mygnimia, Shuck. & Smith =Bemijxpsis, Dahlbom, from Priocnemis, Schiodte. Out of a series of over 70 specimens that I have examined, 40 have the Mygnimia venation, and more than BO that of the genus Priocnemis; but then all the latter have the bidentate claws to the tarsic haracteristic of Mygnimia, and are absolutely identical in sculpture and colouring with the former.
Fig. .TO.
Sali'us aureosericeus, (J .
p. 462, 5 var. (wee
251. Salius ceylonicus.
? Plemipepsis flava, Bahlb. Hym. Eur. i,
Priocnemis flavus, Dahlb. t. c. p. 457). ,Tc<c-n\ Mvo-nimia ceylonica, Sauss. Nvvara Reise, Hym. p. 64, ? (loW). Mygnimia intermedia, Smith, A. M. N. H. (4) xii, 18/3, p. 25/ Priocnemis convexus, Bingh. Jour. Bomb. N. B. Soc. v, 1890,
p. 237, $ var. ? ^ ,^ i
Salius ceylonicus, et intermedins, et convexus, Cam. Mem. Manch.
L. Ph. Soc. (4) iv, 1891, pp. 443, 444, & 451 ^ „ Salius intermedius et convexus, Binyh. Jour. Bomb. iV. Ji. Aoc. s,
1896, p. 215, nos. 3 & 4, pi. ii, figs. 3 & 4.
SALIUS. 129
$ . Head, thorax in front, and abdomen pruinose ; median seg- ment transversely striate ; elypeus broader than high, slightly convex, its anterior margin transverse, or widely but not deeply emarginate; pronotuni square, almost transverse in front, with the anterior lateral angles somewhat produced, posteriorly arched ; median segment with a gradual slope, the apex abruptly truncate, the face of the truncation smooth and shining ; legs robust, long, the tibi£B and tarsi spinose, the posterior tibia3 grooved but not serrated; abdomen pseudosessile, robust, fusiform and somewhat curved. Head, pronotum, mesonotum, scutellum, poslscutellum, the coxEe in front, the femora, tibite, and tarsi of the anterior leo-s, and the femora, fibias, and tarsi of the two posterior pair fulvo^us red ; the head, pro- and mesonotum, and scutellum clothed with a dense golden pile; the median segment, the anterior coxes at the back, the coxoe of the intermediate and posterior legs, and the abdomen black, the last with a velvety black pile having gleams of golden brown in certam lights ; wings broad, from pale flavo- hyaline to deep fulvo-hyaline, the apical margins paler, the ner- vures and tegute fulvous red.
c? similar, but slighter and smaller, with porrect antenns. Hab. Sikhim; Burma; Tenasserim ; and Ceylon. 5. Length 20-35 ; exp. 38-64 mm. d . Length 18-28 ; exp. 39-53 mm. A very variable insect as to size.
252. Salius fulvipennis.
Sphex fulvipennis, Fahr. Ent. Syst. ii, p. 218. Pompilus fulvipennis, Fahr. Syst. Piez. p. 198 ; Smith, Cat. iii p. 144 ; Sauss. Nnvara Reise, Hym. p. 58, 5 J. ' Hemipepsis fulvipennis, Dahlb. Hym. Eur. i, p. 462. Salius fulvipennis, Cam. Mem. Marich. L. Ph. Soc. (4) iv, 1891, p. 444.
2 ■ Hea,d and thorax in front pruinose, median segment trans- versely striate, abdomen smooth and shining ; elypeus convex its anterior margin transverse in the middle, oblique at the sides- front with a short obsolete vertically impressed line, eyes slightly convergent above ; pronotum short, somewhat square anteriorlv its posterior margin widely arched ; median segment rather lono-' posteriorly rounded, with a gentle slope to the apex ; legs long the tibia) and tarsi spinose, the posterior tibise slightly serrate- abdomen pseudosessile, fusiform, as long as the head and thorax together, apical segment studded with stiff hairs. Head pro- and mesonotum, scutellum, postscutellum, apical half of the femora, the tibias and tarsi, and the apex of the abdomen reddish ye low, the head, pro- and mesonotum covered with a dense short golden pile; the thorax beneath, the median, segment, the coxa, trochanters, and basal half of the femora, and the abdomen except at apex, black, with iridescent tints on the abdomen in certain lights ; wings flavo-ferruginous, the apex of the fore win"- and apex and narrow posterior margin of the bind wing fuscescent _ d similar, but slighter, and with the antenna porrect Varies in having the sides of the pro- and mesonotum blackish, and in a
130
rOMPlLlBjE.
specimen from the Andamans the apical three segments are
reddish yellow. , , . ,
Hah. Throughout India ; Burma; Ceylon; the Andamans. Length2Q-24 ; exp. 39-43 mm. 6 . Length 20-21 ; exp. 37-40 mm.
253. Salius perplexus.
Mygnimia perplexa, Smith, Cat. iii, p. 185, 2 •
2 . Head and thorax in front pruinose, median segment rugose, abdomen smooth and shining; clypeus convex, wedge-shaped, slightly emarginate anteriorly in the middle, the sides rounded; thorax compact, stout ; median segment transversely striate, short, with an abrupt slope at the apex, almost truncate ; legs stout, the tibiffi and tarsi spinose, the posterior tibisB strongly serrate; abdomen sessile, thick at base and sharply tapering to the apex, the apical segment studded with stiff hairs. Head, pro- and inesonotum, scutellum, postscutellum, apical two-thirds of the femora, the tibiffi and tarsi ferruginous ; the head, pro- and mesonotum with a thiclr ferruginous pile ; the sides of the thorax, the pectus, median segment, coxa?, and base of the temora, and the abdomen black, the last with a little ferruginous pile on the apical segment; wings ferruginous, the apical margin of fore wing broadly and darkly, and of the hind wing narrowly and hghtly
fuscous. . „ T- T cn m
Hah. Sikhim ; S. India ; Tenasserim. 2 • ■Z^««S'''* 26-31 ; exp- 48-52 mm. 6 somewhat slighter and smaller.
254. Salius rubidus. „ c lonn o^a
Mygnimia rubida, Bingh. Jour. Bomb. N. H. Sac. r, 1890, p.
Sail? rubida, Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (i) iv 1891, p. 445.
Salius vuhidus, Binffh. P. Z. S. 1896, p. 435, pi. xv, fag. 2. 9 Head and thorax densely pruinose, abdomen smooth and shining; head about as wide as the thorax ; clypeus convex anteriorly widely emarginate, and studded with long hairs ; front s^bconcave, eyes convergent above ; pronotum short transverse m front broadlv arched posteriorly; median segment long, vMth a rather steep slope, and abruptly truncate at apex transversely and coarsely striate •, legs long, strongly spinose, the posterior tibia, ser ate^ abdomen subfusiform, petiolate, about as ong as the thorax Fulvous golden red all over, the scattered pubescence and Ihkk nile with bright golden tints, the apical margins of segments 1 5 Ob ure y dusky red, the apex studded with stiff golden hairs ; lings rich fulvous^red, the apical margins narrowly fuscescent, nervures and tegulse fulvous red.
cJ similar but smaller, and the antenna porrect and thick Hah! Ceylon. 2 • Length 21-35 ; exp. 48-66 mm. d • Length 14 ; exp. 27 mm.
255. Salius ichneumoneus. ^ , „ ^ x^t 2 t> okr 9
Pompilus ichneumoneus, Guer. Voy Cog,, Zool^i. 2, p. -5a, ¥, Atlas, Ins. no. 8. fig. 13 ; Smith, Cat. ni, p. 151.
SAL1U8.
131
? Myf^nimia ichneumoniformi.=, Smith, Jotir. Linn. Soc. vi (1802), p. 56; idem, xi (1867), p. 358.
J . Head and thorax pruinose, abdomen finely longitudinally acicnlate ; clypeus transversely convex, its anterior margin slightly arched ; front concave, with a medial vertically impressed line ; pronotum rounded in front, arched posteriorly; scntellum and postscutellum laterally compressed ; median segment rounded above and coarsely transversely striate, posteriorly truncate, face of truncation smooth ; abdomen vertically flattened, longer than the head and thorax together. A rich ferruginous brown, with two parallel longitudinal black stripes on the mesonotum, and some indistinct black marks on the basal two segments of the abdomen above; the clypeus, the coxas and femora of the legs, and the apical three segments of the abdomen with dense ferruginous pile ; wings ferruginous brown, nervures and tegulse ferruginous.
Hah. New Guinea ; Ceram ; Amboyna ; and, within om- limits,, Sikhim ; Sylhet. In Smith's Catalogue, Bi'azil is given as a locality, but there is no doubt this is a mistake. cJ . Length 20-24; exp. 42- 46 mm. Gruerin's description of the 5 , of which I have not seen a specimen, corresponds well with the above ; he gives the length as 22 mm.
256. Salius sycophanta.
Hemipepsis sycophanta, Gribodo, Ann. Mus. Civ. Gen. (2*) i, 1884, p. 359, 2 ; Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) iv, 1891, p. 480:
Salius severus, Binffh. Jour. Bomb. N. IT. Soc. viii, 1893, p. 371 ; id. X, 1896, p. 215, pi. ii, fig. 2, $ (nec Sphex severus, Drurii, El. Exot. Ins. iii, t. 42, fig. 4).
2 . Head and thorax densely pruinose ; abdomen smooth and shining, in certain lights with a slight pruinose bloom, having the appearance of fine longitudinal aciculate strisB; clypeus shghtly convex, broader than high, posteriorly triemarginate, anterior margin transverse, oblique at the sides ; median segment subcylindrical, somewhat truncate posteriorly, the truncation with a projecting margin which is lightly waved; above, the median segment is irregularly and deeply striate, the pleurae smooth ; abdomen pseudosessile. Black with a castaneous hue ; the clypeus, antennaj, apex of the femora, the tibiae and tarsi of the legs with dense golden ferruginous pile ; wings deep reddish yellow, infuscate at base and more narrowly at apex.
Fftr.? "With the head, the prothorax, the tegula, and scn- tellum fusco-fulvous ; antennae yellow. 2 • Length 28 millim." {Gribodo.)
Hah. Southern India ; Ceylon? ; Burma ; Tenasserim. 2 • Length 42-52 ; exp. 80-96 mm. s unknown.
Note.— Salius {Sphex) severus, Drury, must be removed from the Indian list; it is an African species.
257. Salius ducaUs.
Mygnimla ducalis. Smith, Jour. Linn. Soc. 1858, p. 98, 2 •
Salius ducalis, Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) iv, 1891, p. 443.
K 2 ' "
132
POMPILIDiE.
$ . Head, thorax, and abdomen pruinose ; clypcus broad, convex, wedge-shaped, the anterior margin slightly eniarginate, the sides oblique, the forehead below the ocelli markedly sulcate; median segment long, coarsely transversely striate, the apex abruptly truncate, the face of the truncation smooth and shining; legs long, robust, the tibiaj and tarsi stoutly spined ; abdomen pseudosessile, broad and stout, about as long as the head and thorax together. Intensely black, the abdomen with a violet and purple gloss; wings dark fuscous with a purple effulgence, and a large subovate patch of glittering minute silvery scales on the disc of the fore wing.
similar, smaller, more slender, the abdomen vertically com- pressed; the front of the head, the scutellum, and postscutellum alutaceous, the last tuberculate.
Eah. India; Siam ; Borneo. $. Length 42; exp. 82 mm. (5 . Length 26 ; exp. 60 mm.
*258. Salius caBruleopennis.
Mygnimia ceeruleopennis, Sauss. Mitth. Schweiz. ent. Oes. viii, 1893, p?269, ?.
2 . " Black, of slender form ; the antennas, head, pronotum, scutellum, legs, and apical two segments of the abdomen golden yellow, or fulvous red with golden pile ; the anterior margin of the clypeus transverse and somewhat reflexed ; metathorax truncate and markedly transversely striate; the posterior tibiaj carinated, the carina along their whole length studded with two rows of serrate spines ; wings black with a blue effulgence."
Bah. India. $ . Le7igth 22 mm. Unknown to me, but from the description I should say closely allied to S. consanguineus, Sauss., which, however, belongs to the group with unidentate claws (Priocnemis).
259. Salius fenestratus.
Mygnimia audax, Smith, Cat. iii, p. 182, ? (nec Pompdus audax, Smith, Cat. iii, p. 136).
M-vgnimia fenestrata, Smith, Cat. iii, p. 184, cJ.
Salius audax, Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) iv, 1891, p. 442.
Salius funestus, Cam. t. c. p. 444. 5 . Head and thorax pruinose, abdomen smooth and shining ; clypeus transverse, convex, its anterior margin truncate or sub- emareinate in the middle, the front of the face concave, bearmg a deeply impressed line from the anterior ocellus to between the base of the antennae, and a shallow broad sulcation on each side of it; median segment long, posteriorly with a gradual slope to the apex, which is abruptly truncate, the sides and above with coarse transverse striations, the truncation smooth without strise ; lees long, robust, spinose, the posterior tibias serrate ; abdomen as long as the head and thorax together, massive somewhat curved Deep ferruginous red, the pile on the head and thorax dense and velvety with a glistening golden sheen; the extreme
SALitrs.
133
base of
the abdomen and the apical margins of segments 1-4
above and below broadly black, these bauds on the upperside produced angularly forward in the middle; wings deep ferru- ginous red, fuscescent towards the apex and narrowly along the posterior margin. In certain lights there is a purple irides- cence at the base of the wing in fresh specimens.
The cJ is similar but of slighter build, with the wings lighter in colour. There are two varieties of this insect — the typical one (audax of Sroith), with the wings coloured as above ; and another (fenestrata. Smith, funestus, Cameron), with the wings of a deep brown, having a rich purple efful- gence.
Hab. Sylhet ; Sikhim at low elevations ; Dawnat Range, Te- nasserim. § . Length .32-41 ; Lencfth 27-31 ; exp. 60-70 mm.
. — Salius fenestratus, J.
-84 mm
260. Salius veda, Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) iv, 1891, pp. 445 &
449.
Head and thorax bearing a thick whitish pile, the median segment with a few fuscous hairs; abdomen shining, slightly pruinose ; clypeus broadly convex, its apex rounded, the labrum projecting beyond it, a deepish depression on the sides of the clypeus at the base ; occiput transverse in the middle, the sides rounded ; pronotum a little narrowed anteriorly ; median segment with a slight slope to the apex, when it becomes oblique, apex bluntly rounded. Black, the abdomen and legs rufous, the scape beneath and orbits and the face obscure yellowdsh, the flagellum brownish beneath ; the coxae and trochanters of the legs and basal two segments of the abdomen black ; wings dark smoky-fuscous.
Bab. Poona, Bombay. Length a little over 9 mm. Type in Mr. Wroughton's collection.
261. Salius sinensis.
Porapilus sinensis, Smith, Cat. iii, p. 148.
Salius liEta, Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) iv, 1891, p. 444.
$ . Head, pro- and mesontum, and scutellum pruinose : median segment coarsely transversely striate ; abdomen sessile or pseudo- sessile, very slightly pruiuose, the apical segment with stiff bristly hairs ; clypeus transversely oval, its anterior margin widely emar-
134
POMPILLDjE.
ginate in the middle; median segment rounded posteriori)-, the sides compressed and a little raised. Head, pro- and mesonotiuu, the scutellum, the legs, and the abdomen, except the basal segment, testaceous red ; the face in front, the pro- and mesonotum, and scutellum with glistening golden pile ; the thorax on the sides and beneath, the postscutellum, median segment, coxae of all the legs, and the basal seginent of the abdomen black, the remaining segments of the abdomen shaded with fuscous black above ; wmgs dark fuscous with a purple effulgence.
d similar, but the median segment is longer and less markedly striate, and the testaceous red of the head and thorax is more or less shaded with fuscous. Var. Iceta has the abdomen, except the basal segment, pure testaceous red without any fuscous shading.
I{ab. Burma; Tenasserim ; China. ?. Length 16-24; exp. 30-46 mm. d • Length 14-21 ; exp. 28-40 mm. I have care- fully examined Smith's types and compared them with a long series in my own collection; the two, Pompilus sinensis and Salius IcBta, are varieties of one insect.
262. Salius indicus, Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) iv, 1891, pp. 444
& 448 ; Bingh. Jour. Bomb. N. H. Soc. viii, 1893, p. 374, pi. i, fig. 10, ?.
2 c? • y^rj closely allied to S. smithii, Bingh., but larger and more stoutly built ; the pronotum anteriorly transverse, but the anterior lateral angles not produced; the apex of the median segment more vertically truncate, and the transverse striations coarser. In a very large series of specimens in my collection the whole of the 1st "segment of the abdomen is black, and m this point differs from Mr. Cameron's description.
Hab. Sikhim ; Burma ; Tenasserim. § . Length 17-25 ; exj). 36-40 mm. 6 ■ Length 15-18 ; exp. 30-38 mm.
263. Salius smithii. ^ o ^ ,
Myanimia fervida, Smith, Jour. Linn. Soc. 18bl, p. 82, $ d (nec Priocnemis fervidus, Smith, Jour. Linn. Soc. m (1859), p. 15b). 9 Head and thorax in front shining and with very fine acicu- late striae ; median segment transversely striate ; abdomen smooth and shining ; clypeus transverse, subporrect, its anterior margin with the sides oblique and the middle widely emargmate ; front tlat, with a vertical faintly impressed line from the anterior oceUus to between the base of the antennaj ; pronotum transverse in front, mth the anterior lateral angles prominent, subangularly arched posterioriy; median segment short, roundly truncate posteriorly ; less stout, the tibiae and tarsi spinose, the posterior tibiffi shghtly serrate : abdomen stout, pseudosessile, about as long as the thorax. Head and thorax, the coxae and trochanters of the legs, and the base of the 1st abdominal segment jet-black; the mandibles, labrum, palpi, anteunse, the femora, tibiae, and tarsi of the legs apex of the 1st and the whole of the remaimng segments of the abdomen ferruginous, the apical segment covered with thick term-
SALIUS.
135
ginous pubescence ; wings dark fuscous with a purple effulgence, a hyaline spot at the base of the 1st discoidal cell.
d similar but smaller, the legs less spinose, the clypeus and pronotum slightly ferruginous red, the wings of a lighter tint.
Hob. Sikhim ; Burma ; Tenasserim ; Borneo ; Celebes ; New Guinea. $ . Length 17-19 ; e.vp. 39 mm. S • Length 12-15 ; 33-36 mm.
*264. Salius tuberculatus.
Cypbononyx tuberculatus, Radoszkowsky, Bull. Soc. Nat. Mosc. '1888, p. 470.
" Deep blue-black, the head beneath bituberculate ; wings black with a violet effulgence.
"Female. Colour deep blue-black, studded with blackish hairs. Clypeus large, convex, the margin (anterior ?) transverse ; mandibles and antennae black, the basal joint of the latter very short, the 2nd very long. The head beneath in the middle with two tubercles in the form of blunt teeth. Thorax opaque, metathorax transversely striate. Abdomen opaque, its apical segment studded with black hairs. Legs black, the coxm bluish. Wings deep violet wdth a brilliant effulgence passing into greenish. Length I7g mm.
"Male. Similar, but the clypeus black. Length 18^ mm."
Bab. Nepal.
Unknown to me, but apparently closely resembling S. iridipennis, which, however, in all the examples of a series of fifty or more in my collection, is destitute of the two tubercles beneath the head.
265. Salius zelotypus, Bingh. Jour. Bomb. N. H. Soc. x, 1896, p. 201,
cJ . Head, thorax, and abdomen pruinose ; clypeus large, convex, its anterior margin sharply truncate, the face above the antennje with an impressed medial vertical line and a short shallow sulcation on each side of it ; pro- and mesonotum also with an impressed medial longitudinal line; median segment transversely striate, somewhat compressed at the sides, and with a rounded slope to Its apex; legs long, spinose, the posterior tibiffi serrate; abdomen subpetiolate, smooth. Deep ferruginous red, variegated with fus- cous black ; the vertex, the flagellum of the antennas above, the mesonotum, the median segment, except a large round macula on each side close to the apex, some irregular marks on the sides of the thorax, and the posterior margins of all the segments of the abdomen, fuscous black : wings dark brown with a purple efful- gence, an irregular hyahne yellow spot (sometimes divided into two or even three spots) occupies part of the 1st and 2nd dis- coidal, the 1st cubital, and the 2nd submedial cells in the fore wing, and extends in some specimens on to the costal margin of the hind wing ; nervures and tegulae dark brown.
Hub. Tenasserim. In the British Museum there is one specimen from the Tibet frontier, d. Length 20-24; exp. 48-51 mm. 2 unknown.
136
POMPILIJ)^.
266. Salius venatorius, Bingh. Jour. Linn. Soc. 1896, p. 487, pi. xix, fig. 9.
cJ . Head, thorax in front, and abdomen smooth, opaque ; median segment smooth at base, coarsely transversely striate towards the apex ; clypeus slightly convex, its anterior margin arched obliquely at the sides ; antennas thick and slightly fusiform ; eyes parallel ; the front slightly concave, with an impressed vertical line down the middle; pronotum short, rounded anteriorly, its posterior margin boldly arched ; median segment long, not i-aised, rounded posteriorly, with a very gradual slope to its apex ; legs stout and long, the tibiae and tarsi slightly spinose ; abdomen about as long as the thorax, petiolate and subcompressed vertically. Black, alutaceous ; the head, pronotum, and the femora, tibiaj, and tarsi of the legs ferruginous, the apex of the flagellum of the antennae and the base of the intermediate and posterior femora fuscous ; the abdomen with obscure purplish and reddish tints in certain lights : wings fuscous brown, a broad, irregular, hyaline yellow patch oti the disc of the fore wing from beyond the apex of the 2nd submedial cell to the apex of the 3rd cubital cell ; the nervures and tegulse fuscous brown, the former testaceous over the hyaline
portion.
Bab. Pegu Toma, Burma, d . Length 17 ; exp. 30 mm.
267. Salius placidus, Bingh. Jonr. Linn. Soc. 1896, p. 437.
cJ . Head and thorax densely pruinose ; abdomen smooth, opaque ; clypeus slightly convex, much broader than high, its anterior margin sharply transverse ; the front above the base of the antennae tuberculate, becoming slightly concave above towards the vertex, and with a ^^•ell-marked and deeply impressed vertical line ; antennae long, the flagellum rather thick ; the pronotum short, nearly trans- verse anteriorly, posteriorlv arched ; scutellum and postscutellum large and prominent; median segment long, gently rounded and lightly transversely striate posteriorly, its anterior lobe broad, smooth, without striae, but with a deep medial longitudinally impressed line; legs long, the tibiae and tarsi only shghtly spinose, the posterior tibiae grooved but not serrate; abdomen as long as the head and thorax, petiolate, and vertically flattened. Black the head and thorax with a dense silvery -grey pHe ; the labrum, palpi, mandibles, clypeus, and the inner and outer orbits of the eyes, interrupted broadly on the vertex, yellow ; the scape and flagellum of the antennae below, the femora, tibiae, and tarsi oi. all the legs, and the 2nd and following segments of the abdomen, pale orange-red; wings fusco-hyaline, the base of the 1st dis- coidal and upper portion of the 2nd submedial cell clear hyalme ; nervures black ; tegulas orange-red.
Hab. Tenasserim. 6 ■ Length 16 ; exp. 31 mm.
268. Salius prsestahilis, n. sp.
cJ Closely resembles S. venatoHus, Bingh. : differs in being much more stoutly built; the median segment is raised longitudinally
SALIUS.
137
in the middle and along the sides, witli a wide sulcation on each side of the middle ridge, it is more coarsely transversely striate, and the apex is not rounded but Iruncate; abdom'^ not vertically compressed and shorter in proportion. In colour the present species has the head, pronotum, mesonotum, scutellum, post- scutellum, the anterior legs, and the apex of the femora, the tibia), and tarsi of the intermediate and posterior legs bright ferruginous; the median segment, the coxse, trochanters, and base of the inter- mediate and posterior legs, and the abdomen black, with a silky golden lustre in certain lights ; wings dull fuscous throughout, with no hyaline patch, and very slightly effulgent.
Varieties have the wing much lighter in colour, nearly hyaline.
Hah. Pegu Toma, Burma ; Tenasserim. S . Length 15-18 ; exp. 28-30 ram.
269. Salius acer, n. sp.
cJ. Head, thorax, and abdomen smooth, opaque; clypeus cir- cular, boldly convex, its anterior margin truncate ; front concave above the base of the antennae, with an impressed vertical line from the anterior ocellus ; ocelli very prominent, the anterior ocellus much larger than the posterior two; pronotum short, somewhat truncate anteriorly ; median segment long, with a steep slope, posteriorly almost truncate; legs long, feebly armed; ■ abdomen vertically flattened, longer than the head and thorax united. Black ; head, pro- and mesonotum, scutellum, post- scutellum in the middle, the anterior legs entirely, and the femora, tibiae, and tarsi of the two posterior pair reddish yellow; the flagellum of the antennas at apex and the apical joint of the tarsi fuscous; wings light fusco-hyaline, nervures brown, tegulae reddish yellow.
Hob. Ahmedabad. S. Length 12; exp. 22 mm. $ unknown.
270. Salins bipartitus, PL 11, fig. 1.
Cahcurgus bipartitus, Lepel. Hym. iii, p. 406, $ . Priocnemis peregrinus, Smith, Trans. Ent. Soc. 1875, p. 37. Salius peregrinus, Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) iv, 1891, pp. 452 & 455 ; Bingh A. M. N. H. (6) xvi, 1895, p. 442.
6 $ . Pruinose ; the clyijeus suhconvex, its anterior margin rounded, posterior bisinuate ; mesonotum and scutellum boldly convex ; median segment depressed beneath their level, rounded, transversely striated, and somewhat compressed at the sides; legs long, the tibiae and tarsi thickly spinose, the posterior tibiffi serrate ; abdomen somewhat fusiform and petiolate. Black ; the head, pro- and mesonotum, and scutellum covered with a dense, short, silky pile, and, together with the apical half of the femora, the tibiae, and tarsi of the legs, of a i-ich golden yellow ; median segment with short black velvety pubescence ; abdomen black, the apical segment studded with stiff ferruginous hairs : wings dark brown with a rich purple effulgence ; nervures dark brown ; tegulse yellow. A variable species in colour and very variable in size;
138
POMPILIDjE.
the head, mesonotum, and legs have often a considerable admix- ture of fuscous black with the goldeft yellow.
Hah. India, Burma, and Tenasserim, extending to Malacca and the Malay islands as far as the Philippines. $ . Length 14-30 ; exp. 27-56 mm. S ■ Length 12-20 exj>. 26-43 mm.
271. Salins consanguineus.
Priocnemis consanguineus, Sauss. Novara Reiae, Hym. p. 62, J,
pi. iii, fig. 40, 2 (1867). Mygnimia sasvissima, Smith, A. M. N. H. (4) xii, 1873, p. 256. Salius siBvis.sima et consanguineus, Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Fh. Soc. (4) iv, 1891, pp. 445 & 451. $ . Head and thorax in front pruinose ; median segment lightly transversely striate, abdomen smooth, slightly shining; clypeus transverse, its anterior margin arched, narrowly smooth along the edge ; a vertically impressed line on the front below the anterior ocellus, which is large and prominent; median segment short, with a rounded, rather steep slope to its apex ; legs long, the tibias and tarsi with short stout spines ; abdomen long, pseudosessile, as long as the head and thorax united. Black, the head, pro- and mesonotum, scutellum, postscutellum, the legs below the C0X3B, the apex of the 2nd, 3rd, and 4th, and the whole of the 5th and apical segments reddish yellow ; the head and thorax covered with golden pile ; the sides and front of the pronotum, the sides of the mesonotum, the auterior coxae behind, and the base of the posterior and intermediate coxae more or less black; wings brownish fuscous with a slight purple effulgence.
Hub. Bombay ; Bangalore ; Ceylon ; Burma ; Tenasserim. $ . Length 19 ; exp. 40 mm. _
This species may be the Pg^sis lusca of Fabricius, the habitat of which is given as Tranquebar. It agrees both with his and Dahlbom's description so far as these go, but both descriptions are too brief for certain identification ; I have therefore ignored them altogether.
272. Salius fulgidipennis. ^ . „ «i o ^
Priocnemis fulgidipennis, Sauss. Novara -Reisc, Uym. p. 01,^ 0 . Mygnimia vitripennis, Smith, A. M. N. ^. (4) xu, 1873, p. 2o7 Salius fulgidipennis, Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Fh. Soc. (4) iv, 1891, p. 451.
Salius vitripennis. Cam. t. c. p. 44b. 9 Head and thorax pruinose anteriorly, median segment rugose and covered with long scattered pubescence, abdomen smooth and shining; clypeus convex, its anterior margm deeply emarginate in the middle, the front of the face concave ; the median segment transversely striate and with a rounded steep slope to its apex, at base divided from the postscute Hum by a deep transverse furrow; legs long, tibiae and tarsi densely spinose the posterior tibiae strongly serrated; abdomen smooth and shining, but minutely aciculate. Black, the lace in front and the antenni beneath alutaceous ; the anterior and posterior tibiae
SALIUS.
139
obscurely ferruginous on the inside; wings dark brown with a magnificent purple, coppery, and in some lights rose-coloured effulgence.
d similar, but the wings more of a green metallic effulgence.
Hab. Malabar; Sikhim; Ceylon; Burma; Tenasserim, extending to the Malay Peninsula and Sumatra. $ . Length 28-34 ; exp. 50-62 mm. tS . Length 26 ; exp. 54 mm.
273. Salius iridipennis.
Mygnimia iridipennis, Smith, Jour. Linn. Soc. 1858, p. 98, $ . Salius ii-idipeniii8,C'am. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) iv, 1891, p. 44*
$ . Closely resembles S. madmspatanus. Smith ; differs in having the clypeus transverse anteriorly, not emarginate; the median segment longer and truncate obliquely at the apex, the transverse striations on it being less coarse, and there being no medial longi- tudinally impressed line; the abdomen has in some lights a dark purple iridescent pile, and the wings a more brilliant purple and green effulgence, with metallic coppery tints along their apical and posterior margins.
c? • The flagelium of the antennae from the 5th to the apical joints ciliated with fine hairs.
Hab. Sikhim; S. India; Burma; Tenasserim to the Malay Peninsula and Borneo. ?. Length 25-30; exp. 51-57 mm. c? . Length 21-24 ; exp. 50-54 mm.
274. Salius madraspatanus.
Pompilus n\adraspatanus, Smith, Cat. iii, p. 144, 5 . Salius madraspatanus, Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) iv 1891 p. 451. ' '
5 . Head and thorax densely pruinose, abdomen sparsely so and somewhat shining ; clypeus broad, its anterior margin bent down, narrowly suiooth, and widely emarginate in the middle; front subconcaye ; scutellum raised in the middle, compressed at the sides ; median segment with a rounded steep slope to the apex, a medial longitudinally impressed line and coarse transverse stria- tions ; legs long, tibiae and tarsi spinose, the posterior tibia? serrate ; abdomen as long as the head and thorax united. Black, the head and thorax covered with a dense velvety pile ; the abdomen with a thin pile, having dull shades of blue in certain lights ; wings dark brown with a purple effulgence.
d similar, but with the median segment more rounded and less steeply sloped posteriorly.
Hab. Throughout India; Burma; Tenasserim; Andamans Nicobars, and Ceylon. $. Length 24-28; exp. 55-60 mm' cJ . Length 18-23 ; exp. 50-56 mm.
275. SaUus mirandus.
Salius miranda* Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) iv, 1891, p. 452.
* Mr. Cameron {I. c.) simply published the name of this species, no descr^n was given. The type, however, is in Mr. Rothney's collection, labelled bv Mr. Oameron. 'Ihe description has been drawn up from this.
140
POMPILID^.
d . Head, thorax, and abdomen densely pruinose ; the head, pro- thorax in front, the anterior coxsb in front, and the sides of the median segment sparsely pubescent ; the clypeus somewhat convex, the sides rounded, widely emarginate anteriorly; front slightly convex ; an impressed vertical line from the anterior ocellus to the base of the antennre, and a transverse furrow on each side of the posterior two ocelli ; median segment short, truncate posteriorly, with its apex margined, recurved and slightly produced at the sides; abdomen vertically compressed. Black, with the dense velvety pile giving it a purple bloom in certain lights ; the flagellum of the antenna beneath and the anterior tibiae and tarsi fulvous brown; wings very dark fuscous brown with a rich purple efful- gence.
Hah. Barrackpore. d . Length 14-16 ; easp. 32-35 mm.
276. Salius properus, Binffh. P. Z. S. 1896, p. 436, pi. xv, fig. 7, 2 .
$ . Pruinose ; head very little broader than the thorax ; clypeus transverse, markedly convex, its anterior margin broadly emar- ginate ; the antennas long, filiform, and slender ; the front and vertex slightly but closely punctured ; thorax laterally compressed ; pronotum short, square, almost transverse anteriorly; median segment long, rounded, lightly transversely striate posteriorly, ttie apex with a steep slope; legs long, the tibise and tarsi spinose, the posterior tibife strongly serrate; abdomen long, as long as the head and thorax united, stout and massive, its apical segment studded with long hairs. Black, the pronotum anteriorly, the sides and apex of the median segment, and broad bands above at the base of abdominal segments 2-5 with silvery pile; wmgs fusco-hyaline, the posterior pair paler ; nervures and tegulse darK brown.
Hub. Ceylon. $ . Length 12 ; exp. 25 mm.
277. Salius crinitus. , tt c- i aan
Priocnemis crinitus, Binffh. Jour. Bomb. N. H. Soc. v, i»9U,
Saliuf crinitus, Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) iv, 1891, p. 451 ; BinffJi. P. Z. S. 1896, p. 436. 9 Head, thorax, and abdomen with dense long pubescence, the head and thorax under the pubescence smooth but s^inmg ; the median segment finely transversely striate ; the abdomen where the pubescence is abraded brilliantly pohshed and shmmg, clypeus boldly convex, broader than high, its ^^^'^"^'f^ truncate ; median segment short, with a steep slope to the apex abdomen pseudosessile, not so long as the head and t^or^^ ^^^f lees long, spinose, the posterior tibiee serrate. A rich castaneous black the pubescence glittering ferruginous golden ; tbe scape and basal tJree joints of the flagellum of the a-tenn^ and the leg brownish yellow, the apical portions of the antenna a^d ^he cla^^ joints of the tarsi fuscous black : wings flavo-hyalme, with a golden
SALITJS.
141
lustre in certain lights, the apical margin narrowly fuliginous ; nervures and tegulse brownish yellow.
(} similar, but not pubescent, the head and thorax covered with only a thin short sericeous golden pile; the abdomen black, somewhat alutaceous, castaneous at base of basal segment ; wings darker and broadly shaded with light f uscescent.
Hab. Ceylon. $. Length 15-17*; exp. 33-36 mm. • Length 16; exp. 35 millim.
278. Salius exilipes, Binffh. Jour. Bomb. N. H. Soc. 1896, p. 20'^, 2 .
pl.i,fig.9, ?.
5 . Closely resembles S. cHnitus, Bingh.; differs in having the thorax longer and less compact, the median segment especiallv having a very gradual slope to its apex ; the abdomen is slighter and distinct^ly petiolate ; the legs are longer, and the wings hght brown with a distinct discoidal spot; the 3rd cubital cell is also much narrower at apex than in the preceding species. Like crinitus it is covered, especially on the median segment and the basal segments of the abdomen, with long soft golden pubescence.
Hab. Sikhim. $ . Length 19 ; exj>. 36 mm. unknown.
279. Salius nicevillii, Bingh. Jour. Bomb. N. IT. Soc. 1896, p. 199.
pi. i, fig. 7, ?. ^ '
5 . Closely resembles S. fenestratus. Smith, but is smaller and structurally different; the anterior margin of the clypeus is rounded, not truncate or emarginate ; the median segment has a steep rounded slope posteriorly, the apex not truncate ; the legs are slender and very long in proportion ; the abdomen subpetiolate. In colour it is not so rich a red as S. fenestratus, the black bands on the abdomen are broader and not produced forwards in the middle above.
The c? has- the wings fuscous yellow and the body of a lighter and more testaceous red. As in S. fenestratus, there is a variety with dark brown wings.
Hdb. Tenasserim ; Sikhim ; Andamans. $ . Length 24-30 ; exp. 46-52 mm. d" . Length 2.3-25 ; exjp. 40-43 mm.
280. Salius terrenus, Bingh. Jour. Linn. Soc. 1896, p. 435, pi. xix
fig. 8. ' '
2 . Head and thorax pruinose, median segment finely trans- versely striate, abdomen finely aciculate; clypeus large, its anterior margin boldly arched and fringed with long hairs, poste- rior margin transverse; scutellum and postscutellum laterally compressed and very prominent, the former longitudinally and the latter obliquely striate on the sides ; median segment with a verv steep slope to its apex, very little rounded above, the sides com"- pressed ; legs long, the tibiai and tarsi thicldy spinose, the posterior tibiae serrate ; abdomen long, petiolate, somewhat curved. Dull brownish red; the clypeus, the face in front, and the pro- and
142
POMPILID^E.
itiesonokim covered with dense golden pile, very brilliant and glittering in certain lights ; median segment more or less fuscous ; abdomen with the extreme base and posterior margins of the basal three segments broadly black, the bands not continued on the underside; wings pale oily brown, hyaline, and in certain light:8 iridescent, a faint fuscous cloud occupies the 2nd and 3rd cubital, and upper part of the 2nd discoidal cell in the fore wing.
J similar, but the wings have a large faint fuscous cloud beyond the 2nd cubital cell.
'Hah. Sikhim ; Burma ; Tenasserim. $ . Lencjih 23 ; exp. 44 mm. S . Length 18 ; exp. 40 mm.
281. Salius flavus.
Sphex flava, Fahr. Ent. Syst. ii, p. 217.
Pompilus flavus, Fabr. &/st. Piez. p. 197; ? Lepel. Eym. in, p. 430.
Priocnemis flavus, Dahlb. Hym. Eur. \, p. 457.
My^nimia flava, pt., Smith, Cat. iii, p. 182. _
Pnocnemis humhertianus, Sauss. Novara Rem, Hym. p. bci,
SaHus'flavus, Cam. Mem. Mannh. L. Ph. Soc. (4) iv,_1891, p 443 ;
Bivffh. Jour. Bomb. N. H. Soc. x, 1896, p. 214, pi. u, fig. 1 (var.). Salius humbertianus, Cam. t. c. p. 451. 5 S . Pruinose ; clypeus transverse, subemarginate anteriorly, slightly" porrect; pronotiim very short, the anterior lateral angles a little produced ; median segment transversely striate, sometimes coarsely reticulate, the apex truncate, the base with an obscure medial; shallow, longitudinal furrow ; legs long, the tibiaa and tarsi thickly spinose, the posterior tibiae serrate ; abdomen pseudo- sessUe, stout, about as long as the thorax. Head, pro- and meso- notum, the apical portion of the femora, the tibise and basal pints of the' tarsi ferruginous or fulvous yellow ; the postscutellum, median segment, head and thorax beneath, coxa;, trochanters, base oE the femora, the apical joints of the tarsi and abdomen black fuscous black on the tarsi, and with more or less of a purple effulgence in certain lights on the abdomen, which again is variaWe, having sometimes the apical 4, or 3, or 2 segments or apex only ferruginous, thickly clad with ferruginous hairs ; the pile on the head pro- and mesonotum is dense and of a go den colour, that on the median segment and abdomen purplish black : wings rich fulvo-ferruginous, the apex of the fore wing beyond the radial ceU and of the hind wing narrowly fuscous with a pm-ple effulgence; nervures and tegulae ferruginous. , ^ , ^ ,. • .
Hah Throucrhout India, Burma, and Ceylon, extending into the Malay Peninsula. $ . Length 19-22; exp. 38-46 mm. 6- Length 13-16 ; exp. 28-35 mm. TSTo+nml li the Banksiln collection, now in the Museum of Natural History at South Kensington, there is a specimen f \ labelled "/^rwws." This, it is probable, was so labelled by Eab cius himself. So far as structure and the sculpturing of the head and thorax go, Salms (Priocnemis) humberttanv, of Saussure
SALIUS.
143
is identical with this. The species I took to be the SpTiex jlava of Fabricius {vide Jour. Bomb. IN". H. Soc. 1896, p. 214, pi. ii, fig. 1), I still think is only an extreme variety of that species.
282. Salius grassator, Bingh. Jour. Linn. Soc. 1896, p. 436.
d . Head, thorax in front, and abdomen pruinose, median segment finely reticulate ; clypeus broadly convex, its anterior margin straight, truncate ; the front flat, with a verfically impressed line from the antei-ior ocellus to between the base of the antenna ; ocelli large, very prominent and close together; pronotum short, rounded in front, its posterior margin boldly arched ; scutellum and postscutelium prominent, large, and somewhat laterally compressed in the middle ; median segment rounded post-eriorly, with a steep slope to its apex, and bearing a medial longitudinally impressed line; legs long and fairly stout, the tibiae and tarsi spinose, the posterior tibiae grooved but not serrate; abdomen petiolate, short, about the length of the thorax, and slightly vertically compressed. Head, pro- and mesonotum, scutellum, postscutelium, and legs fulvous, covered with a rich golden pile ;' median segment and abdomen black, the latter with velvety pile having a golden lustre in certain lights, the basal and apical three segments slightly reddish in the middle ; wings light flavo-hyaline, the apex of the fore wing beyond the 1st cubital cell fuscescent. Hub. Sikhim. d . Length 17; e.vp. 36 mm.
283. Salius sericosoma.
Pompilua sericosoma, Smith, Cat. iii, p. 146, 5 . Priocnemis sericosoma. Smith, Jour. Linn. Soc. 1867, p. 354 Salius sericosoma, Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) iv 1891 p. 452. \ I ) )
$ d- Head, thorax in front, and abdomen smooth, pruinose;
clypeus transversely oval, its anterior margin slightly rounded, somewhat porrect, the thorax compressed, the median segment with a rounded slope to its apex, furrowed down the middle and regularly transversely striate ; legs with the tibiaj and tarsi thickly spinose, the posterior tibiae serrate ; abdomen subpetiolate. Head, thorax, legs, and the apical two segments of the abdomen ferru- ginous, the rest of the abdomen black ; the whole insect covered with a thin golden pile, which is very dense on the head and fore part of the thorax; wings golden yellow, nervures and tegulae ferruginous. The' Fiff 3" golden pile is often much abraded on the
8aliusserkosoma,2- 4. ^^^^^ ,P'^ fio^x and the abdomen,
TT J. 1 A- w, ''^"'etimes completely absent on the latter, .nf Vv,; M T' ^°T? ^"'■'^^ Tenasserim to Sumatra
144
POMPILIDjE.
284. Salius verticalis. .
rriocnemis verticalis, Smith, Jour. Linn. Soc. 1858, p. 94; tde7n, 1807, p. 354.
Salius verticalis. Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) iv, 1891, p. 452 ; Biuffh. Jour. Bomb. N. H. Soc. viii, 1893, p. 376, pi. i, iip;. 5, $ ,
$. Head, thorax, and abdomen smooth and shining; clypeus convex, its anterior margin emarginate in the middle ; median segment short, somewhat compressed at the sides, roundly trun- cate posteriorly, the sides of the postscutellum and the whole of the median segment transversely striate ; legs with the tibiiB and tarsi strougly spinose, the tibiae of the posterior legs serrate; abdomen subsessile, all the segments above sparsely punctured at base. Black, the face above the antennae as bigh as the vertex, the scape and basal two joints of the antennaj,' a broad line on the posterior margin of the pronotum, a square mark on the meso- notum, the middle portion of the scutellum and postscutellum, the apical half of the femora, the tibiiE, and the tarsi of the legs yellow, the apical joint of the last fuscous ; the fore part of the mesonotum in fresh specimens with a fine yellow pile; the wings hyaUne ochraceous yellow, nervures and tegulae brownish
^^^d^ Differs in having the clvpeus and sides of the face broadly yellow the .vertex and the forehead to the base of the antenna, and the whole of the latter except the scape in front black ; the win"s are of a paler yellow and slightly fuscous at their apex.
Bab Southern India; Tenasterim ; Malacca, and Borneo. 5 . Length 23^28 ; exp. 52-58 mm. d . Length 15 ; exp. 42 mm.
285. Salius momus, Bingh. Jour. Bomb. N. K. Soc. x, 1896, p. 203, ? ■ 0 Pruinose ; bead wider than the thorax, convex in front, the occiput emarginate; clypeus convex, transverse anteriorly, emargi- nate pronotnm in front transverse, the anterior lateral angles rounded, its posterior margin arched; median segment short, rounded posteriorly, lightly transversely rugose the apex steep, 3 a . short broad shiuow sulcation on each side of the median Le- legs stout, the tibia and tarsi spinose, the posterior tihi^ sSongly serrate; abdomen massive, petiolate, as long as the head and thorax united. Black, with a hoary grey pile, dense and silvery in certain lights, especially on the clypeus, sides of the face, and apex of the median segment, and forming bands at he bases o the abdommal segments; the apical segment with a thick tuft ot redtoh-brvn hfirs ; wings hyLune, the apex of he fore wing, and a faint subapical cloud below the radial cell, hghtly fuscous, the tegulsB and nervures black.
Eab. Tenasserim. ? • Length 13-15 ; exp. 20-24 mm.
286. Salius obsonator, n. sp.
d Head and thorax pruinose, abdomen smooth ; head rather smflf, narrower than the' thorax; clypeus remarkably convex, its
8ALIUS.
145
anterior margin deeply but widely emargiuate ; prouotum very short, rounded anteriorly, with a very steep slope, not narrowed towards the head ; metlian segment long, raised down the middle, slightly hollowed out at the sides above ; legs long, the tibiae and tarsi spinose, with indications of serrations on the posterior tibial; abdomen not so long as the thorax, and flattened vertically. Black, with thin greyish-white pile on the head and thorax, which gets somewhat more dense on the median segment above ; the mandibles except at apex, the clypeus, scape and flagellum of the antennse beneath, the pronotum in front, the femora, tibife, and tarsi of the legs, and the abdomen except at the extreme base, yellowish red ; wings very broad, hyaline, with a very slight brownish tinge ; nervures dark brown, tegulae yellowish red.
Bab. JSTorth-West Provinces, India, c? . LengtJi 13 ; exp. 27 mm. 5 luaknown.
287. Salius valentulus, Bingh. Jour. Linn. Soc. 1896, p. 434.
2 . Head and thorax in front slightly pruinose, median segment coarsely reticulate, abdomen smooth ; clypeus subconvex, broader than high, its anterior margin widely emarginate, and fringed with stiE hairs ; front subtuberculate above the base of the antennae, and with a short, vertical, deeply impressed line running up to the anterior ocellus ; pronotum short, arched in front, the anterior lower angles produced ; median segment rounded posterioi-ly, with a very steep slope at apex, where it is slightly concave ; legs stout, the tibias and tarsi spinose, the postex-ior tibije strongly serrate; abdomen petiolate, broadly fusiform. Head, thorax, legs, the apical half of the 3rd and the whole of the following three seg- ments of the abdomen black, the basal two segments and basal half of the 3rd light red : wings hyaline, the apex broadly light fuscous, nervures and tegulae testaceous brown, ffah. India. $ . Length 16; exjo. 30 mm.
288. Salius geminus, Sinffh. Jour. Linn. Soc. 1896, p. 436.
2 . Head, thorax in front, and abdomen smooth, median segment finely transversely striate ; clypeus transverse, subporrect, its anterior margin fringed with long hairs and broadly but slightly emarginate ; the face in front very finely punctured ; the anteunee long and filiform ; the front above the base of the latter with au abbreviated deep vertical furrow not reaching the anterior ocellus ; pronotum rounded in front, its posterior margin arched ; median segment rounded posteriorly with a steep slope, the apex some- what truncate ; legs long, the tibiaj and tarsi thickly spinose, the posterior tibiae serrate ; abdomen as long as the head aud thorax united, petiolate. Head, thorax, and legs black ; abdomen blood- red, a subapical band on the 3rd segment above, the 4th and following segments black, the posterior margins of the 3rd, 4th, and 5th segments very narrowly testaceous red, the apical segment densely pubescent, studded with long coarse black hairs ; wings
VOL. I. T.
146 P0MPILIDJ3,
hyaline, the apex of the fore wing beyond the radial cell and the anterior margin of the hind wing at apex lightly fuscesceut. Hah. Mussooree, N.W. India. ? . Length 12 ; exp. 21 mm.
289. Salius electus, Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) iv, 1891, pp. 468 & 470.
2 . Head, thorax, and abdomen smooth and shining, the clypeus, and face in front pruinose, the latter slightly convex ; the pronotum short, somewhat square in front ; scatellum large and prominent ; median segment short, well below the level of the scutellum and postscutellum, and with a slightly rounded steep slope to the apex; legs long, the tibiss and tarsi spinose, the posterior tibiae strongly serrate; abdomen petiolate, the apex densely villose. Black', the anterior and intermediate tibiae and tarsi, and the posterior tibire at base, with the basal three segments of the abdomen, ferruginous red; the clypeus, sides of the face, median segment, and coxm on the outside margined with a thin silvery pile visible only in certain hghts ; wings hyaUne, the basal nervure, on the outside narrowly, the basal two-thirds of the radial, . the 2nd and 3rd cubital, and apex of the 2nd discoidal cell fuscous.
Eab. Barrackpore, Bengal. $ . Length 8 ; exp. 18 mm.
290. Salius rothneyi, Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) iv, 1891, pp. 452 & 463.
9 Head and thorax in front very closely and finely punctured, somewhat shining, the median segment very finely transversely striate • abdomen smooth, polished and shining ; clypeus large, rounded anteriorly ; two short, well-raised parallel carmse above the base of the antenna, with a deep shining fovea between them ; pronotum short, steep, considerably narrowed towards the head, subangular posteriorly ; median segment rounded posteriorly and •divided down the middle by a well-marked furrow, not reaching the apex • legs long, the tibiae and tarsi spinose, the posterior tibiffi serrLte; abdomen petiolate, broadly fusiform, as long as the head and thorax united. Jet-black, the clypeus and front with silvery pile, seen only in certain hghts, the apical segment ot the abdomen studded with short, not very close fulvous pubes- cence • wings hyahne, iufuscated along the basal nervure of the fore wing with a broad fuscous cloud from the radial descending into the 2nd discoidal cell, and the apex of the fore wmg f uscescent ; nervures and tegulse black. , „ , „ t o oa
Hab. Darjeeling; Barrackpore. ? . Length 9-10 ; exp. 18-20 mm.
*291. SaUus COtesi, Cam. Mem. Munich. L. Ph. Soc. (4) iv, 1891, pp. 461 & 454.
"Similar in coloration of the body to S roj/«ieyi, as also in having in the N^dngs three clouds, but abundantly distinct m structure The clypeus at apex is shining and transverse in the middle the elongated ridges above the anteun^B so prominent
S.VLIUS. — POMPir,US.
147
in rothneiji are absent, as is also the shining fovea, but there is a small carina there ; the eyes distinctly diverge beneath ; the ocelli are in a triangle and closer to each other ; ... the median segment at the apex is more abrupt; the abdomen is longer, being as long as the head and thorax united, and its apical segments are not so thickly haired ; the form of the 2nd cubital cellule is very different ; the Isc transverse cubital nervure is elbowed at the middle and bends towards the 2nd, makin" the top of the cellule there about one-fourth of what it is at the bottom, and about one-third the length of the top of the 3rd • at the bottom the 2nd cubital cellule is about three-fourths of 'the length of the 3rd ; the second transverse cubital nervure is sharply elbowed at the top, making the cellule much narrower at the top than at the bottom, where it is rounded broadly at the apex, instead of acutely angled as in rothneyi, while the cubital nervure terminates completely there ; the 1st recurrent ne"'Tire is received a very little beyond the middle, the 2nd at a less distance from the transverse cubital nervure than is the 1st ; the radial nervure becomes elbowed about the basal third (and' also more sharply), while in rothneyi it turns up at the middle of the cellule. 8. cotesi also is larger, being 13 mm. in length. The long spur of the hind tibiae does not reach the middle of the metatarsus ; the tibial spines are shorter and fewer." Hab. Southern India. Type in the Indian Museum, Calcutta.
Fig. 33. — Pompilus analis, 5 • {■
Genus POMPILUS. Sphex, pt., Zinn. Syst. Nat. i, p. 941 (1767)
Evania pt., et Sphex, pt., Fudr. Ent. Syst. ii, pp. 192 & 198 fl793) Pompilus, pt., Fabr. Ent. Syst. Supp. p 246 (1798) ^ Ceropales, pt., et Pompilus, pt, Fabr. Syst. Piez. pp. 185 & 187
Pompilus, Dahlb. ITym. Eur. i, p. 443 (1843)
't'^."3§i^4i6:Tii^T46r(:gs -^^^
Pompilus, Rohl, Verh, zool.-bot. Ges. Wien, 1884, p. 51.
L 2
148
POMPILIDiE,
Type, P. fuscvs, Linnaeus. lianc/e. Both hemispheres.
Form of the clypeus, pronotum, and median segment, very variable. Tore \ving with three cubital cells, the 2ud and 3rd as a rule subequal, both cubital and discoidal nervures stopping short of the margin of the wing ; anterior tibiae and tarsi ciliated on the outside, intermediate and posterior tibiaa and tarsi spinose, the tibiae never serrate, claws unidentate at base below, sometimes bifid. Nesting in the ground, in burrows made by the female ; the usual provision for the larvae consists of spiders, but I have seen one species carrying small cockroaches to its nest.
Key to the Species.
A. Wings more or less hv aline.
a. Wings entirely hyaline.
Abdomen beyond 2nd segment ferruginous red -P- analu,^. 150.
b'. Abdomen with basal three segments ferru-
ginons red P-
c'. Abdomen grey and Hack -P- wrouffhtoni,
b. Basal half only of wing hyaline. LP-
a'. Thorax red and black . •• „ ivn
a\ Pro- and mesonotum red P. eam^romi V. 170.
b\ Pronotum only red P- P- l'^-
b'. Thorax entirelv black. „ fl^ Abdomen with grey pruinose bands .... r. uus, J>. it i-- b\ Abdomen deep purplish black, without LP- ^f^-
bands - - ■ fn 1 n1
c\ Abdomen with basal three segments fer- , LP- ^-^J-
ruginousred ■ P. ferwstratus,
c Winos hyaline, with apical margin fuscous. ■ a', rfead and thorax tlack; abdomen entirely
ferruginous red i^ ' \ " ' '-li
v. Head, thorax, and abdomen black, witu yellow or white markings. a^. Posterior tibiae black.
a\ Median segment with white or silvery ^ ^ jgg.
b\ Me& "segment with blue pile F. decoratm, p. 152.
6^ Posterior tibiae ferruginous. Pr,
""wtrif."'""*" .'^^^^^^^^^ P.vagabundis I'i^l^^^om'iLi'segmen^^ p.capUosus,^Am.
c'. Head, thorax, 'and abdomen entirely black.
a\ Apex of median segment emargmate. ... P. hecate, p. J Jfi A T>px of median segment rounded. .
a3^^Third cubital cell of fore wing petiolate. P. v^va.v, p. 154. b\ Third cubital cell of fore wing not petiolate.
a\ kedian segment transversely sti-iate
above • ' ^
fci. Median segment smooth above. Pr, l.-id
a\ Median segment with a medial
longitudinal furrow above .... P- f^f.'""^' b\ Median segment not farrowed. ... P. herhgradus,
POMPILUS.
149
d. Wings hyaline, with a subapioal fuscous cloud or bar.
a'. Head, thorax, and abdomen black P. maculipea, p. 155.
b'. Head and thorax black, abdomen fei'-
ruginous P. mitia, p. 165.
13. VVmgs flavo-h3'aline.
a. Fore wing with a subapical fuscous fascia P. dehliensis,
b. Fore wing with a fuscous margin at apex. [p. 166. a'. Head, thorax, and abdomen black; the
abdomen with grey pruinose bauds. a-. Fore -vving with the 3rd cubital cell
„ petiolate p. incognitus, p, 166.
b\ Fore wing with the Srd cubital cell not petiolate.
a'. Median segment posteriorly sti-iate on
^» > P.lncidulus,^l5Q.
0 . Median segment posteriorly not striate.
a^. Posterior femora and tibise black . . P. rothnetji, p. 169.
b^. Posterior femora and tibiaj ferru-
A- TT J .1, ^""""^ -rw P- pedestns, p. 169.
b . ±iead, thorax, and abdomen variegated with yellow and fulvous red. a^. With only underside of antennae fulvous
red ; mesonotum black, immaculate . . P. orientalis, p. 157. b . Abdomen also marked with fulvous red.
a'. Mesonotum black, with a V-shaped ["p 158
r M a/^^^T°'''J^ P. multipictm',
I o . Mesonotum fulvous or ferruginous red,
immaculate p. {nfestus, p. 168.
C. Wings fusco-hyaline. a. Thorax black.
«'. Abdomen black with silvery pile P. ariadne, p. 169.
b Abdomen red and black R re/le.im, i. 159.
c , Abdomen black with bands of grey pile.
a\ Posterior tibiaj with a white spot at base fp 160
6.1 ostenor tibife without any white spot . . P. limbaf.m, p 160. 0. Ihorax ferruginous red and black. ^ a' Mesonotum red. r ■,
iSi^
A' T\/r i 1 ■. ■ lascivus, p. 161.
'•irtrbtr'^'^"'*'^'^^'^'^
c .
a^ Abdomen red and black p zebra p 162
b . Abdomen whoUy black y/,: comptus, p. 162.
D. Wings dark fuscous.
a. Wings with lacteoua white markine-s. r„ ito a'. Thorax black . . ^ p -LP"
b'. Thorax red . . . ^y^<=oides
b. Wings entirely dark fuai^ou^." a'. Abdomen black and red.
a^. Prouotum black.
t- inxx^c^ii.t^ at apex .... P mmstus, p. 163
150
POMPII-IDjE.
b'. Abdomen entirely black.
«^ Head and thorax in front ferruginous
yellow -P- bracatus, p. 164.
6". Head and thorax black.
d\ Antennas and tarsi piceous brown P. dcedalm, p. 1B5.
Zi". Antennffi and tarsi black.
a*. Median segment more or less steeply sloped at apex, or trimcate. a'. Fore wing with 2nd and 3rd
cubital cells equal -P. canifrom, V- 1C5.
l\ Fore wing with 2iid cubital cell [p. 166.
wider than the 3rd F- simillimus,
o'. Fore wing Avith 2nd cubital cell
narrower than the 3rd P. ignobHis, p. 166.
¥. Median segment with a gentle rounded slope to the apex, not truncate.
a'. Median segment smooth, notlongi-
tudinally furrowed P.perplexus,^.Va7.
b\ Median segment with a longitu- [p- Id/.
dinal medial furrow F. parthenope,
E. Wings ferruginous yellow.
^. The 2nd abdominal segment with an elongate LP- -lo'-
ferruginous spot on each side at base P. bioculatus,
b The 2nd abdominal segment with a transverse LP-
fascia at base above • F- untfnsciatm,
c. The 2nd and 3rd abdominal segments each
with a transverse fascia at base above P. ahcia, p. Ibb.
A. Second ventral segment without a transverse furrow.
292. Pompilus analis.
Sphex analis, Fabr. Ent. Syst. ii, p. 209. ... Pompilus analis, Fabr. Syst. Piez. p. 188^ Smdh Cat. m, p. 143 , Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) iv, 1891, p. 457. 9 S . Head, thorax in front, and abdomen smooth and shining ; median segment pruinose, opaqne-looking, rounded posteriorly, truncate at apex; scutellum large and compressed at the sides; legs long, the tibiffi and tarsi with long stout spmes. Black, the Jnss hyaline, the nervures and tegulm dark brown; the female has the 4, and the male the 5 apical segments ot the abdomen
ferruginous red. , ^ , i
Hab. Throughout India, Burma, and Ceylon, and occurring in the Malayan regions as far as Celebes. In Burma this is a common species, coming often into houses in search of the little jumping spiders (Attida.) with which it Fo^^slons its nest. $ . Length 14-21 ; exp. 27-38 mm. S • Length 12-15 ; e.vj,. 26- 33 mm.
293 Pompilus zeus, Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) iv, 1891, pp. 460 & 472, pi. iii, fig. 21*. 2 . Head and thorax finely but very sparsely punctured ; clypeus
» The type is in Mr. Botbney^ eollection and is -"■•'^^^"^Cam" rSes^rlbed ir, TMieve Mr Cameron's handwriting : nevertheless, Mr. Cameron aescnoea It \?nde; th; ^eciflc name .eus, probabfy because ccllulans ^as preoccupied.
I
POMPILUS. 151
transverse, subporrect, its anterior margin arched, slightly truncate in the middle; head large, broader than the thorax, somewhat convex in front, concave posteriorly ; median segment short, with a rounded gradual slope, becoming abruptly steep at the apex; legs with the tibi;e armed with long, stout, irregularly placed spines ; abdomen longer than the head and thorax united, pseudosessile. Head and thorax black, the apices of the anterior and the apical two-thirds of the intermediate and posterior femora, the tibiae of all the legs, and the basal three segments of the abdomen blood-red ; the tarsi and the apical three segments fuscous, with a reddish tint ; wings hyaline, the apical half sordid yellow, the 3rd cubital cell in the fore wing subtriangular and remarkably narrow, measuring on the cubital nervure not quite one-third the width of the 2nd cubital cell.
Hah. Barrackpore, Bengal. $ . Length 9 ; exp. ] 7 mm.
*294. Pompilus wroughtoni, Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) iv, 1891, pp. 460 & 464, pi. iii, tig. 10.
"Very similar to P. rotlmeyi, having the same grey pruiuose vestm-e, with the abdominal segments grey and black, and the apex of the median segment concave, the head very little developed behind the eyes, and the abdomen subsessile: but is smaller, narrower, and more slender ; the wings are subhyaline throughout, not yellowish or infuscated at apex ; the second cubital cellule is much longer at the bottom compared with the third ; the third being of the length of the space bounded by the first transverse cubital and the first recurrent, the latter being received at a greater distance fi-om the transverse cubital; the second recurrent is received in the apical fourth of the cellule, not before the middle ; and lastly the long spur of the metatarsus (? tibia) reaches almost close to the apex of the metatarsus.
" Hab. Poona ( Wrougliton)."
295. Pompilus fenestratus, Smith, Cat. iii, p. 144, 2 ; Jour. Linn.
Soc. 1867, p. 352 ; Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) iv, 1891, p. 458. ^ ^ '
5 . Head, thorax, and abdomen smooth ; clypeus very convex, its anterior margin boldly arcuate and turned downwards ; scutellum raised and prominent ; median segment with a smooth rounded slope to its apex, which is recurved ; legs with the tibiie and tarsi spinose, the spines long and scattered, claws unidentate at base below. Head, thorax, and apical segments of the abdomen black, the former two densely covered with silvery pile, the basal three segments of the abdomen and the base of the 4th ferruginous red ; wings hyaline for half their length, fuscous beyond. Bab. India (Bengal) ; Burma. $ . LengtJi 8 ; e.vp. 17 mm.
296. Pompilus acceptus.
Pompilus elegans, Sinith, New Sp. Hym. B. M. (1879) p. 150 9 {jiec Cress. Trans. Am. Ent. Soc. i, 1867, p. 109j.
152
POMPlLIDiB.
$ . Head, thorax in front, and abdomen smooth ; median segment transversely striate, with a medial longitudinal furrow, and a short shallow one on each side of it close to the base ; clypeus with, its anterior margin deeply emarginate, almost bilobed ; legs with the tibia3 and tarsi moderately spinose. Bead and thorax black, abdomen ferruginoiis red; 'wings hyaline, with a broad fuscous border at apex, teguliE and nervui-es testaceous brown ; the clypeus has a broad border anteriorly of silvery pile, which is continued up the inner margin of the eyes, beneath this pile the surface is ferruginous red, and this latter colour is (continued round the orbits of the eves, interrupted, however, on the vertex ; a short transverse stripe "ou the collar, and another along the posterior margin of the pronotum yellow; the posterior femora with the tibial calcaria bright ferruginous.
Bab. India. ? . Length 20 ; exjj. 32 mm.
The type and another specimen, also a ? , in the British Museum collection are all I have seen.
297. Pompilus arrogans, Smith, Trans. Ent. Soc. 1873, p. 187, ? (wee Smith, 2tid Yark. Miss., Hym. 1878, p. 14, $). $. Obscurely pruinose; head not wider than the thorax; clypeus very slightly convex, almost vertical, its anterior margin widely arched, transverse in the middle ; thorax stout, laterally compressed, the pronotum with a steep slope anteriorly ; scuteiimn large and prominent , median segment with a rounded steep slope to the apex, which is perceptibly truncate and flat ; legs stout, the tibia3 and tarsi with irregular, scattered spines; abdomen pseudo- sessUe, thick at base. Black, the clypeus, front of the face, median segment posteriorly, and a transverse fascia at the base of 2nd. and 3rd abdominal segments above with hoary pHe; an abbreviated narrow line on the inner margin of the eyes, a broader fascia inter- rupted in the middle on the posterior margin of the pronotum, a spot on the posterior tibiie above, and an elongate spot at the base laterally of the 2nd and 3rd segments of the abdomen yellowish white: wings hyaline, broadly infuscate at the apex; nervures and tegiUffi black'. A variety has the anterior margin of the clypeus narrowly and a square spot at the apex of the mesonotum yellowish white ; another has in addition to the usual markings a transverse yeUow fascia at the base of the 4th and 5th segments of the abdomen above.
Hah. Tenasserim; Ceylon; Japan. ?. Length 12-lb ; exp. 25-28 mm.
298, Pompilus decoratus, Smith, Neio Sp. Rym. B. M. p. 149.
2 Head, thorax, and abdomen smooth and somewhat shining ; clypeus half-moon-shaped, its posterior margin transverse, anterior boldly arched; the mesonotum with an ill-defined shallow medial loSudinal sulcation and an abbreviated furrow on each side close oTe apex, not reaching the anterior margin; medmn segment oundedwi ha gradual, slope to the apex, the margm recurved ;
POMPILUS.
153
legs with stout scattered spines, the anterior tibiiB and tarsi feebly ciliated on the outer side ; claws bifid ; abdomen longer than the head and thorax, subcylindrical. Black, the wings hyaUne, with a broad fuscous apical margin to the anterior pair ; a narrow line round the orbits of the eyes interrupted on the vertex, the posterior margin of the pronotum, a spot on the mesonotum, another on the side of the thorax close to the base of the fore wing, a third at the base of the posterior tibiffi, with a large irregular mark on each side of the base of the 2nd and 3rd abdominal segments, and a fascia at the apex of the 5th segment, yellowish white ; the pro- notum and median segment are adorned with pale pubescent pile, and the frout below the antennsB \vith silvery pile.
Hah. Bombay. 5 • Length 13 ; exp. 21 mm.
The type and only known specimen is in the collection of the British Museum, South Kensington.
299. Pompilus vagabundus, Smith, Jour. Linn. Soc ii (1858), p. 92, 5 ;
Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) iv, 1891, p. 460.
5 . Pruinose ; head broader than the thorax ; clypeus subconvex, its anterior margin slightly arched, almost transverse in the middle, oblique at the sides ; pronotum with a wide arch posteriorly ; scutellum prominent ; tlie median segment gradually sloped to the apex, where it is slightly depressed in the middle ; abdomen pseudosessile ; legs with the tibiae and tarsi spinose, the spines stout, the inner calcaria of the intermediate and posterior tibiae nearly as long as the metatarsus. Black; a line on the anterior margin of the clypeus joining two lateral spots on it, the orbits of the eyes except at the top, the scape of the antennae in front, the posterior mai-gin of the pronotum, a minute spot on the tegulae, and trans\erse fasciae at the base of the 2nd, 3rd, and 5th abdominal segments, yellow ; the fascia on the 2nd segment is interrupted in the middle, that on the 5th is posteriorly emarginate ; the flagellum of the antenuse below, and the intermediate and posterior femora and tibiae, red ; wings hyaline, broadly infuscated at apex.
The markings are very variable in this species — the clypeus may be without the submarginal line, the yellow may extend up the face to the base of the antennae, the mesonotum at apex and the scutellum may be marked with yellow, the femora and tibiae of the anterior as well as of the other legs may be red, and some- times the yellow fasciae on the abdomen except on the 2nd segment are entirely wanting.
Hah. Sikhim ; Burma ; Tenasserim ; extending to Borneo. 2 . Length 9-14 ; exp. 20-28 mm. d • Length 12 ; exp. 26 mm.
300. Pompilus capitosus, Smith, New Sp. Hym. B. M. p. 147, $ .
$ . Head, thorax, and abdomen smooth and covered with a thin silvery pile ; the clypeus subconvex, its anterior margin arched, the posterior transverse ; scutellum large and prominent ; median
154
segment rounded posteriorly ; legs with the tibiae and tarsi armed with stout spines. Black ; the wings hyaline, fuscous at apex, nervures and tegulte testaceous brov\ n ; the anterior margin of the clypeus, a line along the inner and outer margin of the eyes not meeting on the vertex, the posterior margin of the pronotum, a small transverse spot at the apex of the mesonotum, a spot on each uide at base of 2nd abdominal segment, and a broad line at base of the 3rd, yellow ; the posterior tibiae ferruginous black at base and with a spot of yellow on the outer side.
Hah. Burma ; Tenasserim. $ . Lengtli 10-12 ; exp. 22-25 mm. <S a trifle smaller.
301. Pompilus vivax. Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) iv, 1891, pp. 460 & 468, pi. iii, fig. 14.
cS . Pruinose ; the head convex in front, transverse posteriorly ; pronotum with a rounded slope anteriorly, its posterior margin acutely angled ; median segment rounded, gently sloped to the apex ; legs loiig, the tibiae and tarsi with long stout spines ; abdomen pseudosessile, short, the basal segment broad and depressed above at base. Black, the head and thorax with hoary grey pile, most dense on the clypeus and sides of the face ; the scape in front, the posterior margin of the pronotum, and a long streak above at the base of the posterior tibiae yellowish white ; the median segment at apex, and abdominal segments 1-4 at base, with thick silvery-white decumbent pubescence; wmgs hyaline, the apex broadly 'infuscated, the 3rd cubital cell in the fore wing petiolate. A variety has the wings tinted with yellow, and the underside of the flagellum of the antennae fulvous red.
Bab. Barrackpore, Bengal, c? . Length. 8 ; exp. 16 mm.
302. Pompilus suhsericeus, Sauss. Novara Rdse, Hym. p. 60, fig. 39,
Pompi\u8''pruino8us, Smith, Neio Sp. Hym. B. M. p. 147, $ {nec Smith, Vat. iii, p. 141, 2)-
5 . Densely pruinose ; the clypeus transverse, its anterior margin slightly arched; head sessile; pronotum long, posteriorly angiilated ; mesonotum short, with a slight shallow longitudinal medial sulcation at apex ; median segment long, gi-adually rounded to its apex and with a marked longitudinal groove down the middle ; legs with the tibiae and tarsi slightly spmose, the tibial calcaria long and stout; abdomen subpetiolate, fusiform, and slightly compressed. Black, with hoary grey pile, dense on the clvpeus, head and face, on the posterior margin of the pronotum, the apex of the mesonotum, scutellum, postscutellum, and median segment, and on the abdomen, where it forms broad bands on the posterior margins of segments 2-5, leaving the base of these segments black and shining; wings hyaline, the apex broadly infuscated, nervures and tegulas testaceous. ' ^ r
Hah. Sikhim ; Kumaun; Burma ; extending to China. $ . Lcngih 10-12 ; exp. 18-21 mm.
POMPILUS.
155
303. Pompilus herbigradus, n. sp.
§ . Head, thorax, and abdomen pruinose, smooth, but not shining ; clypeus transverse, subporrect, its anterior margin very slightly arched, nearly straiglit ; pronotum rounded anteriorly ; postseutellum and median segment steeply sloped, rounded posteriorly; legs long, spinose, the tibiae and tarsi with long spines ; the abdomen pseudosessile, curved, not so long as the head and thorax united. Black, the clypeus, the sides of the face, the thorax more or less, especially at the apex of the median segment, and the base of the segments of the abdomen with silvery pile, which is most dense on the clypeus and on the 1st and 2nd segments of the abdomen ; the apical two segments of the latter studded \\4th stiff black hairs ; wings hyaline, inf us- cated at apex, nervures and tegulae piceous.
similar but slighter, with porrect antennae ; the clvpeus is longer and more rounded anteriorly, the abdomen vertically com- pressed. Varies in the wings being fuscescent for half their length at apex, and the antennae and anterior legs being piceous.
Bab. Sikhim; Tenasserim. $. Length 9-12; exp. 16-20 mm. d. Lenc/th 8-12 ; exp. 17-21 mm.
304. Pompilus maculipes, Smith, Trans. Zool. Soc. vii (1870), p. 186,
$ ; Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) iv, 1891, p. 459.
$ . Head, thorax, and abdomen smooth, covered with a thin sericeous silvery grey pile ; the clypeus large, subconvex, its anterior margin arched, posterior bisinuate ; eyes wide apart, their inner margins parallel; scutellum very large and prominent, compressed at the sides ; median segment declivous ; legs with stout scattered spines, anterior tibiae and tarsi ciliated on the outer side, claws bifid. Black ; wings clear hyaline, a pale fuscous spot at the apex, and a fuscous fascia occupying the radial, 2nd and 3rd cubital, and apex of the 2nd discoidal cell in the fore wing, the apical border of the hind wing also fuscous, nervures and tegulae brown; legs with a white spot at the base of the posterior tibiae above.
Hob. Mainpuri (N.W. Provinces), Kumaun, Sikhim, Biu-ma, and Tenasserim. $ . Length 8-11 ; exp. 19-22 mm.
305. Pompilus mitis. Smith, Nero Sp. Hym. B. M. p. 148. Pompilus buddha, Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) iv, 1891
pp. 457 & 471, pi. iii, fig. 20. y ' > >
2 • Head, thorax, and abdomen smooth ; clypeus transversely ovate, its anterior and posterior margins arched ; scutellum pro- minent, compressed at the sides ; median segment with a steep slope to its apex; legs with stout scattered spines, anterior tibise and femora sparingly ciliated on the outer side, claws bifid. Head, thorax, and coxae black, the rest of the legs and the abdomen ferruginous ; the mandibles, clypeus, a line along the inner margin of the eyes, the scape in front, the posterior margin of the pronotum, and the tubercles yellowish white ; the flagellum of
156
POMPILIDiE.
the antenna beneath ferruginous ; the thorax, coxae, and femora beneath with silvery pile; wings hyaline, with a fuscous fascia on the fore wing, beyond which the apex of the wing is clear ; the extreme base of the abdomen black.
Hah. Bombay and Central India. ? . Length 9-11 ; exp. 15- 17 mm. c? somewhat smaller.
306. Pompilus dehliensis, Cum. Mem. Munch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) iv, 1891,
pp. 458 & 465, pi. iii, fig. 11.
$ . Densely pruinose ; head a little wider than the thorax, clypeus transverse, slightly convex, its anterior margin arched ; median segment broad, with a rounded slope to the apex, where the slope is steep with an inward curve ; legs stout, the tibiae and tarsi with short spines ; abdomen longer than the head and thorax united, pseudosessile and massive. Black, with glittering silvery pile, most dense on the clypeus, the pronotum anteriorly, the median segment, and abdomen, on the last it forms a broad band at the base and a narrow band at the posterior margin of each segment ; wings hyaline with a yellowish tint, the fore wing vyith a light fuscous cloud occupying the radial, 2nd and 3rd cubital, and upper part of 2nd discoidal cells.
Hah. Delhi, N.W. India. $ . Length 9 ; exp. 16 mm.
307. Pompilus iaCOgnitus, Cain. Mem. Munch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) iv,
1891, pp. 469 & 467, pi. iii, fig. 13. ? Pompilus vischnu, Cam. t. c. pp. 460 & 469.
$ . This species is identical in form, sculpture, and markings with P. pedestris, Smith, but I keep it apart, as the 3rd cubital cell is petiolate, not subtriangular as in pedestris. I have also careftillv examined the tvpes * of F. vischnu. Cam., in Mr. Eothney's collection, and they as well as the rest of the specimens labelled P. vischnu are, so far as 1 can make out, nothing more than rather small males of P. incognitus. All have tiie 3rd cubital cell m the fore wing petiolate t.
Hah. Barrackpore, Bengal. ? . Length 12 : exp. 23 mm.
. Length 9 ; exp. 17 mm.
*308. Pompilus lucidulus. ^ . „ « qi o
Homonotus lucidulus, Sams. Novara Reise, Hym. p. 50, tig. 61,^ . Pompilus lucidulus, Cam. Mem. Munch. L. Fh. Soc. (4) iv, IHJi, p. 459.
" $ . Head smooth, sessile, flat in front, sulcated round the base
* Two Bpeoimens, both males, are labelled "P. vischnu, 0am., Ti/pe," in what I beUeve is Mr. Oameron's handwriting. , . , . . . . „ p
t Mr. Cameron has made some mistake in his descriptions of Po^npUns vivax and Pompilus vischnu. Of the former he says (fcc. cit.) ' Second cubital cell petiolate," whereas it is the 3rd cubital cell which is petiolate ; .t^^tf also the Plate Bgure, which is correct. Of P. vischnu he s.iys "Ment.cvl in colour of the body and wings to P. viuax, dmnng m the 2nd cubital cell being petiolate-' ' The types and aU the specimens labelled P. vischnu in Mr. Eothney a collection have the 3rd (not 2nd) cubital cell petiolate.
POMPILTJS.
157
of the antenrifE ; front not tuberculate, but the vertex in the midrlle above ahiiost raised into a tubercle. Ocelli somewhat small, placed in little pits, forming a triangle; clypeus flat, smooth, the margin widely truncate, subrugulose. Antennae convolute, the joints long, the first slender and longest. Thorax compressed. Pronotum transversely wide, square, anteriorly very nearly sharply truncate, posteriorly somewhat arched, above slightly convex. The scutellum triangularly raised in the middle, the apex compressed. Postscutellum arched. Metathorax some- what short, roundly truncate, or better roundly sloped, not tuberculate, posterioi'ly carinate and striated on both sides, anteriorly and in the middle posteriorly smooth, not sulcate ; the apical margin well reflexed, the margin obsoletely trilobate, the middle not emarginate ; the anterior lobe of the metauotum nearly hidden in the middle, strongly striate. Abdomen sub- compressed, sessile. Tibise, the intermediate and posterior sparsely spinose (the posterior pair armed with a double series of 4-5 spines), tarsi spinulose. — Black, covered with cinereous and silvery pile all over, head strongly ashy-grey ; the 1-4 abdominal segments with broad silvery bands, the remainder with glittering grey pile. Wings flavo-hyaline, the apex with a broad intra-marginal cloud, the apical margin narrowly hyaline. The radial cell short, the base broad, the apex strongly acuminate ; 2nd and 3rd cubitals minute, nearly equal, anteriorly a little narrowed (the interior and outer margin arched anteriorly), the transverse cubital nervure very obUque ; the 1st recurrent nervure is received in the middle of the margin, the 2nd a little beyond the middle of the margin ; 4th cubital cellule incomplete, very large ; the cubital nervure ending a little before the margin of the wing, the discoidal nervare reaching up to the margin.
"■Hah. Ceylon. 5 . Length 10: wing 8 mm."
Unknown to me, but seems to resemble P. rothneyi, Cam.
309. Pompilus orientalis.
Ceropales orientalis, Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) iv, 189], p. 432, pi. iii, %. 4.
c? . Head, thorax, and abdomen smooth, very slightly pubescent, the pubescence somewhat more dense on the median segment and base of the abdomen ; clypeus transversely oval, con- vex, its anterior margin very slightly emarginate in the middle ; median segment somewhat steeply sloped posteriorly, flattened above towards the apex, with the margin transverse ; abdomen short, not so long as the head and thorax together, pseudosessile. Black ; the Fig. 34.-Pompihs mandibles, the clypeus except a
orientalis,^. f- median square, sometimes triangular portion, the inner and outer orbits interrupted above at the vertex, the posterior margin of the pronotum, the teguls, two
158
POMPILID^.
approximate spots on the scutellum, a spot on the inesopleuroB, the apex of the anterior coxae, a spot above them on the prothorax, the greater part of the femora, tibia3, and tarsi, and large lateral spots at the base of the 2nd, 3rd, 4th, and 6th abdominal segments above, yellow ; the antennae beneath and the posterior femora sometimes reddish yellow ; the tibial spurs long, whitish, the pubescence silvery white ; wings hyaline, the apex of fore wing beyond the radial cell fuscous, the nervures pale testaceous.
Hah. Bengal; Burma; Tenasserim. ^ . Length ^-10; ea-y. 19mm. $ unknown.
I have examined the type in Mr. Eothney's collection and it is a true Pompilus, the fore tibise and tarsi being cihated.
310. Pompilus multipictus, Smith, New Sp. Hym. B. M. p. 148.
(S . Head, thorax, and abdomen smooth, shghtly pruinose, especially so on the median segment; clypeus subconvex, broader than high, its anterior margin arched, from its centre a short well- marked perpendicular carina runs up to between the antennae, on each side of which the face is hollowed slightly ; the scutellum very large and prominent ; the median seg- ment with a gently roimded slope to its apex ; legs with stout scattered spines, the anterior tibiae and tarsi feebly ciliated on the outer side, claws bifid. Black, variegated with yellow and ferruginous brown ; wings flavo- hyaline, their apex broadly fuscous, tegulse midti'icttis ^\ nervures testaceous yellow ; the clypeus,
' • T- except a spot at its base above, a broad stripe along the inner and outer margin of the eyes, not meeting on the vertex, the scape of the antennae, the prothorax, except an irregular brown mark in front, a V-shaped mark on the meso- notura, a large spot on each side of Ihe scutellum, the apex of the median segment, a line on the mesopleurae beneath the wings, the coxte in front, the apex of the femora, the tibiae and tarsi of the anterior legs, the bases of the tibiae, and of the 1st, 2ud, and 3rd joints of the intermediate and posterior tarsi, and the base, above and below, of all except the 1st and apical segments of the abdomen, yellow. A variety has the yellow markings on the face and abdomen more or less ferruginous.
Eab. Malabar ; Sikhim ; Tenasserim ; Japan. S • Length 15-18 ; exi^. 28-35 mm. ? unknown.
311. Pompilus infestus, Bingh. Jour. Linn. Soc. 1896, p. 430.
$ . Head, thorax, and abdomen smooth ; the clypeus convex, transversely' rectangular, its sides rounded ; the front of the face flat, with an abbreviated impressed line running from the anterior oceilus to between the antennae ; median segment short, rounded
roiipiLUs.
159
posteriorly, and with a steep slope to its apex; legs stout with a few scattered spines, anterior tibia and tarsi feebly ciliated on the outer side. Ferruginous red; the wings flavo-hyaline, broadly infuscated at apex, nervures brown, tegute ferruginous ; the clypeus, the inner margin of the eyes, a line on the posterior margin of the pronotum, a spot on the posterior tibia} at base, the basal two joints of the intermediate and posterior tarsi, and the 3rd and 4th segments of the abdomen yellow.
Hab. India. 5 . Length 15 ; exp. 25 mm.
The type and only known specimen is in the collection of the British Museum, South Kensington.
312. Pompllus ariadne. Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (i) iv 1891 pp. 457, & 462, pi. iii, figs. 7,7 a. ^ ^ ' '
2 . Head, thorax, and abdomen pruinose ; head strikingly concave behind, convex in front and sessile ; pronotum long ; scutellum and postscutellum somewhat prominent ; median segment long, with a gradual slope posteriorly, depressed at apex in the middle, the sides produced into slight conical projections; the whole thorax and also the abdomen, which is pseudosessile, 'com- pressed laterally ; legs stout, the tibiaj and tarsi slightly spinose Black ; the anterior margin of the clypeus, the antennas beneath, and the tarsi testaceous, the posterior tibial calcaria white ; the head above, the pro- and mesonotum, and the segments of the abdomen at base covered with thin silvery pile ; wings fusco-hyaline.
Hab. Barrackpore, Bengal ; Tenasserim. $. Length 6-7- exv 11 mm. '
313. Pompilus reflexus, Smith, Trans. Ent. Soc. 187.3, p 189 9
Pompilus familiaris, Smith, Neiu Sp. Hym. £. M.x,. 147 6 {nee
Smith, Cat. iii, p. 150). ' + v
Pompilua detectus, Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc iA) iv IfiQl
pp. 458 & 474, pi. iii, fig. 25. ' ^ ' ' '
? . Head, thorax, and legs pruinose ; abdomen smooth, some- what shining; head much broader than the thorax; clypeus trans- verse Its anterior margin porrect, straight in the middle, oblique at the sides ; thorax laterally compressed, the median segment rounded posteriorly, the slope at apex steep ; legs stout, with the tibiffiand tarsi sparsely spinose; abdomen pseudosessile, as Ions as the head and thorax together. Black, the head and thorax in certain lights with silvery pile, most dense on the clypeus, sides of the face, and median segment; the basal abdominal segment except at the extreme base, the 2nd, and basal half of the 3rd ferruginous led, the remainder black, the apex of the anal segment reddish with stifE scattered hairs; wings fusco-hyaline, with a broad darker fuscous margin at apex; nervures and tegula) testaceous brown. °
Hub. Sikhim; Burma; Tenasserim; Japan. 9. Lerwth 10-11 • exp. 19-21 mm. -j/ xi. ,
-^QQ POMPILIDJi.
314. Pompilns leucophSBUS, Smith, Jour. Linn. Soc. 1858, p. 92, S ; {cle7n, 1867, p. 352. c? . Head, thorax, and abdomen smooth, densely pruinose ; clvpeus transverse, subconvex, its anterior rnargm slightly einar- dnate; thorax loAg, nearly as long as the abdomen the median segment with a very slight slope to its apex ; the tibi^B and tarsi ITole the calenria ot the intermediate and posterior tibiae about two thirds the length of the metatarsus; abdomen subpetiolate, St^^ lleneT'vertlcall^ Black, covered with dense slate- coloured pile, which forms broad bands on the abdomen at the base of the selects : wings fusco-hyaline, clearer at their base ; a large It on Lh side on 'the clypeus, the inner margin o^^^^^ above the base of the antennsB, an abbreviated line on the outer maTn and the posterior margin of the prono um yellow; the antenna, beneath^fulvous, the calcaria of the intermediate and
^"tr^Snffim • Tenasserim ; Malay Peninsula, d • Len,tk 11 ; exjp. 22 mm. .
315. Pompilus limbatus, Smith, Jour. Linn. Soc. 1861, p. 78, c? ; idem, 1867, p. 353. .
black ; tJV^^^;^ ^ 1^"^ "'^ exp. 30 mm.
316 Pompilus ephippiatus, Smith, New Sp. Hym. B. M. p. 148.
segment level, rounded and t^^^f^J*,^^^^^^
scattered ^V^^^^^f^^'^ltTZ l^^^^ and scutellum
claws bifid. Black, with the P^" ^nd me ^^^^^^^
POMPILUS,
IGl
margins of the abdominal segments with fascia3 of the same, which on the 2nd, 3rd, and 4th segments are proJonged forward angularly.
Hab. Bombay. $ . Lengtli 12 ; «.rp. 18 mm. The type and only known specimen is in the collection of the British Museum at South Kensington.
317. Pompilus lascivns, Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) iv, 1891
pp. 459 & 475, pi. iii, fig. 26. / ' >
Pouipilus ignicolor, Bi7ir/h. P. Z. S. 1896, p. 432, $ , pi. xv
fig. 2. '
2 . Head and thorax in front very finely granular aud opaque ; median segment and abdomen pruinose ; head broad, broader than the thorax ; clypeus transverse, subporrect, its anterior margin ^videly arched ; pronotum bulging at the shoulders, laterally narrowed towards the head; scutellum large, triangiJarly com- pressed in the middle ; median segment broad, rounded posteriorly, with a somewhat steep slope to the apex ; legs stout, the tibiae and tarsi sparsely spinose ; abdomen pseudosessile, about as long as the head and thorax together. Head, pro- and meso- notum, scutellum and postscutellum dull brick-red ; median segment and abdomen opaque black ; the flagellum of the'antennaj, anterior and intermediate legs obscurely fuscous red ; wings lio-ht fusco-hyaline, clear hyaline at base and extreme apical margin'' of the fore wins'.
Rab. Barrackpore, Bengal ; Ceylon. $ . Length 8 ; exv 14 mm. ^'
*318. Pompilus vitiosus, Smith, J. A. S. B. xlvii, pt. 2, 1878, p. 167, ^ ■
" <S . Ferruginous ; the thorax with black markings, and the abdomen fusco-ferruginous towards the apex. The antenna? fuscous above; the eyes and tips of the mandibles black; the front before the antennae pale reddish yellow. The mesoth'orax with a black longitudinal stripe on each side ; the thorax at the sides and beneath paler than the disk, and with a golden lustre the pectus black ; wings fusco-hyaline. The extreme base of the abdomen black, the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd segments with their apical margins fusco-ferruginous, the following segments entirely so.
" Length 6i lines."
Hab. Tenasserim.
This species was procured in December 1876, by Mr. Ossian Limborg, somewhere east of Moulmein, probably at the foot of Moolayit, a peak 5000 feet in height, in the Dawnat range The type IS, I believe, m the Museum of the Asiatic Society of Bengal at Calcutta, but I have not seen it ; and although I have collecfed over the same ground as Lunborg I have never procured this Pompilus.
VOL. I.
M
162
POMPILIDjE.
*319. Pompilus zebra, Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) iy, 1801, pp. 460 & 475, pi. iii, tig. 27.
" Black, the mandibles, apex of clypeus, inner orbits of the eyes to near the top broadly, the outer narrowly, a broad band on tiie pronotum, tegulse, the abdomen with a band on the base of the 2ud segment, the 3rd entirely, on the others except a band on the base of the 4th, the apex of the femora broadly, the tibise and tarsi, and the antennae dull ferruginous ; the head and thorax bearing long white hairs. Head a little wider than the thorax ; the eyes arcuate above, the rest parallel ; ocelli in a triangle, sepa- rated" from each other by about the same distance that they are from the eyes. Clypeus short, rounded at the apex. Prothorax a little longer than the head, narrowed gradually towards the base. Median segment about as long as the prothorax, gradually rounded to the apex ; the apical half bearing a dense covering of white hair. Abdomen semisessiie, a little longer than the head and thorax united; its apex moderately acute; the apica,l segment aciculate. Legs densely pruinose, stout, the tibiae with reddish spines -widely separated, the three middle being the longest; the long white spur of the hind tibiae reaches beyond the middle of the metatarsus. Claws with a thick basal tooth. There is no apparent sculpture on the body; there is a narrow furrow in the centre of the front; the occiput convex. The stigma is obscure testaceous ; the hind wings are only infuscated at the apex.
"Length 10-11 mm. "Hab. Shillong."
*320. Pompilus comptus, Lepel. Hym. iii, p. 425, $ : Smith, Cat. iii, p. 144 ; Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) iv, 1891, p. 457.
» Antennae blackish, tinted with red below. Head black, base of the mandibles reddish ; the clypeus and front almost up to the antennse covered with a silky, silvery pile ; above this the orbits of the eyes up to the vertex reddish. Thorax black, the pro- thorax, the metathorax above, and scutellum reddish. Abdomen black, with silvery pile ; 2nd, 3rd, 4tb, and 5th segments with an oval black mark on each side, these spots nearly meeting above. Legs black, clothed with silvery pile. Wings somewhat fuscous, chiefly at the apex and along the posterior margm. The whole insect is covered with this silvery pile, but only such portions have been noted as are conspicuous, from the density of the pile Prothorax rather long, nearly square, its posterior border angularly emarginate. Metathorax rather long, bearing a longi- tudinally impressed line, squarely truncate posteriorly, with two large and semicircular fosettes. Third cubital ceU narrowed towards the radial, smaller than the second. Female. "Hah. India."
POMPILUa.
163
*321. Pompilus moBstus.
Pompilus aiTogans, Smith, 271(1 Yark. Miss., Hym. 1878 p 14 2 (nec Smith, 'D-ans. lint. Soc. 1873, p. 187, $ ). > f > ^
" $ . P. ater, abdominis basi rufo-ferruginea, alis anticis fiiscis " Black, the head subopaque and finely longitudinally rugulose • the anterior margin of the clypeus slightly rounded, the mandibles rufo-piceous at their apex. Thorax slightly shining above and having a thm grey sericeous pile ; the metathorax concave ii the middle posteriorly: the anterior wings fuscous, palest at their base ; the posterior pair hyaline, with the apex slightly clouded • the second submarginal cell subquadrate, the third longer than the second and slightly narrowed towards tlie marginal cell • the tarsi thickly spinose, the tibiae with a few scattered spines • the tips of the claws of the tarsi ferruginous. Abdomen : the three basal segments terruginous, the apical margin of the third and the toliowing segments black. Female, length 6 lines
Sei'tfmber?™'' ^""^ ^"^^^^ ^^'^"^ ^"S'^^*
*322. Pompilus atripes, Smith, 2nd Yark. Miss., Hym. p. 14, J
"5. P. nigerj abdomine ferrugineo, apice nigro; alis fuscis • antennis crassis. '
"Black; the head smooth and shining, very finely punctured • the antennae much thicker in the middle than is usual in the genus. Thorax finely pilose, shining, and finely punctured above • the posterior margin of the prothorax angulated ; the metathorax smooth and shmmg, with a central impressed line not quite ex tending to the apex ; wings fuscous, clearer towards their base • kgs entire y black, as are also the spines and calcaria that arm the tibise at their apex ; tibiaj only very slightly spinose. Abdomen
jriti:nithtrE(?L!r " ~
" Hah. Murree, Punjab hills."
Unknown to me but, so far as the description goes, veiT close to the same author's P. reflewus, if not identical with it. ^
^<ym.~Pomp^usdivi^us Smith, described in the same work as coming from the Smd valley, Kashmir, proved when set oiit ?J
' Aid7k;&%.^^ '-'''''-'^
" Black, the basal two segments entirely and thp Tin=ni + thirds of the third red ; the fead and thorax' dense J'coveS with grey pile; the wings fusco-violaceous, the base to the tmmZ^se basal nervure subhyaline. Eyes arcuate, distinctly conrgTng
164
POMPILID^.
beneath. Ocelli large, in a curve, separated from each other by a much greater distance than they are from the eyes ; the anterior in a pit ; and an oblique short furrow runs from the posterior. Clypeus short, subarcuate. The head almost hoary, with a greyish- white pubescence ; on the top it is shorter, convex in front, con- cave behind. Occiput convex. Prothorax longer than the iiead, longer than broad, narrowed towards the head ; at apex angled in the centre. Median segment as long as the prothorax ; witli a very slight slope above, the sides at the apex projecting into a longish sharp triangular tooth. Abdomen sessile, longer than the head and thorax imited, pruinose ; the apical segment impunctate. Antennte short, about as long as the thorax, stout. Legs densely pruinose ; the hinder tibite sparsely spined ; the hind tibiae not much longer than the metatarsus ; the long spur of the hind tibiae reaches to the middle of the latter. CJaws bifid at apex; the tarsi without a brush."
Hab. Barrackpore. , No measurements are given nor is the sex mentioned, ihe species is unknown to me.
*324. Pompilus beatus. Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) iv, 1891 , pp. 457 & 473, pi. iii, fig. 22. " Black ; the pronotum with a broad yellow band ; the three basal segments of the abdomen, except the apex laterally of the third, red; wings fusco-violaceous. Head small, narrower than the thorax, convex in front, and to a less extent behind. Eyes sharply arcuate at the top, reaching well back behind laterally ; converging a httle below. Ocelli in a curve, separated from the eyes by a less distance than they are from each other. Head longish from the front view, the clypeus being produced below the eye ; its apex transverse. Clypeus and cheeks covered with a dense silvery pubescence. A narrow furrow on the front. Pro- thorax a little longer than the head, broadly arcuate behind, narrowed a little towards the head. Median segment with a gradual slope, and with a transverse ridge at the apex. Abdomen tessile, very gradually and shgbtly narrowed towards the apex, pruinose ; the two apical segments densely covered with silvery pubescence. Legs stout, the hinder tibiae with the spines of moderate thickness and length ; the long spur of the hind tibiffi reaching close to the apex of the metatarsus. Antennae short, stout, tapering towards the apex. Second (? third) cubital cellule
subpetiolate. t \»
" Hah. Bangalore, South India (Indian Museum, Ualcutta).
325. Pompilus bracatus, Binffh. Jour. Bomb. Nat. Hist. Soc. v, 1890, p. 236, ? (non d ) ; Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) iv, 1891, p. 457.
0 Smooth, pruinose; the clypeus subconvex, its anterior margin boldly arched, posterior transverse, bismuate; the eyes
POMPILUS.
165
convergent, above about half the width apart that they are belo\\', the front with an impressed line from the anterior ocellus to between the antennas; mesonotum with a longitudinal short furrow close to each tegiila; median segment with a rounded slope posteriorly, its apical margin recurved; legs with the tibiiB and tarsi thickly spinose, claws unidentate at base below ; abdomen pseudosessile. Velvety black ; wings fuscous, with a broad dark apical margin ; the middle of the wings obliquely subhyaline, with a yellowish tint, nervures fuscous ; tegulte ferruginous ; head (except a fuscous mark round and below the ocelli), a broad stripe on the posterior margin of the pronotum, a spot on the scutellum, and the apical half of the femora, with the tibia? and tarsi, ferru- ginous ; the apex of the antenna; and the last two joints of the tarsi fuscous ; abdomen covered with a short, dense, soft, velvety pile. The S differs in having less of the ferruginous colour about it, and in the tibias and tarsi being less spinose.
Hah. Sikhim ; Burma ; Tenasserim ; Japan. 2 . Lengili 16- 19 ; exp. 28-35 mm. d" somewhat smaller.
326. PompilxiS daedalus, Bingh. Jour. Linn. Soc. 1896, p. 429.
$ . Head, thorax, and abdomen smooth and shining ; clypeus convex, subtriangular, its anterior margin very slightly rounded, nearly transverse ; the inner margin of the eyes distinctly curved outwards ; a well-marked impressed line from* the anterior ocellus to between the bases of the antennas; the occiput transverse, almost emarginate ; the sides of the mesonotum raised, and a short shallow longitudinal furrow on each side above the tegulaj ; the scutellum prominent; the median segment short, truncated at apex, the truncation with obscure transverse strife; legs stout; the tibiae and tarsi spinose; abdomen pseudosessile, obscurely pruinose. Head, thorax, and abdomen black ; the antennas, and the tibiae and tarsi of all the legs piceous brown ; wings fuscous brown, the apex of the radial cell in the fore wing acutely angled, the 2nd and 3rd cubital cells subequal, the posterior margins of the segments of the abdomen narrowly testaceous.
Hah. Sikhim ; Tenasserim. $ . Length 15-19 ; e^p. 28-36 mm.
327. Pompilus canifrons, Smith, Cat. iii, p. 146, $ .
Priocnemis canifrons, SmitA, Jour. Linn. Soc. 1867, p. 354. Pompilus atropos, Smith, New Sp. Hym. B. M. p. 146. Salius canifrons, Cam. Metn. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. U) iv 1891 p. 450. V / > >
5 . Head, thorax, and abdomen smooth, pruinose ; clypeus transverse, its anterior margin slightly arched and curved down- wards ; the scutellum large, compressed at the sides ; the median segment short, with a steep, slightly rounded slope to its apex bearing an obscure longitudinal medial furrow, which does not extend to the apex ; legs stout, the tibiiB and tarsi spinose, the
166
rOMPILIDjB.
claws unidentate at base below, not bifid ; abdomen sessile, acumi- nate at apex. Black ; the wings dark fuscous, witli a purple effidgence ; the clypeus, median segment, coxas, trochanters, and base of tbe femora with a thin silvery pile ; the abdomen with bands of cinereous pile at the base of the Ist-Sth segments above and below, the apical segment entirely covered with cinereous pile and studded with stiff black hairs. The form of the median segment varies, it is sometimes long with the apex rounded, steep, almost truncate ; the cinereous bauds on the abdomen are also in some specimens abraded more or less, or completely wanting.
Hah. India ; Burma ; Teuasserim ; Sumatra. 5 • Length 15- 3 9 ; exp. 29-38 mm.
328. Pompilus simillimus, Smith, New Sp. Hym. B. M. p. 149, $ .
$ . Closely resembles P. canifrons and P. perplexm, Smith ; differs in the median segment being square not rounded, its lateral angles being produced into tubercles, and its posterior face being markedly concave. Lilte canifrons, this species is black, with bands of plumbeous grey pile at the base of the segments of the abdomen; wings fuscous, "the 2nd and 3rd cubital cells equal.
Mab. Calcutta. $ . Length 13 ; exp. 26 miUim.
The type and only specimen I have seen is in the collection of the British Museum j South Kensington.
*329. Pompilus ignobilis, Sauss. Novara Reise, Hym. p. 60, ? ; Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) iv, 1891, p. 459.
" 2 . Somewhat stout, smooth. Head compressed, well separated from the thorax ; oceUi in a triangle, and therefore placed slightly on the slope of the vertex ; clypeus short, transverse, a httle arcuately emargiuate. Tront sulcate, not at all or but very slightly tubercuiate above the antennae. Eyes subarcuate, con- verging at top. Pronotum anteriorly broadly round, posteriorly arched. Scutellum level in the middle, narrowed posteriorly. Metathorax smooth, short, roundly truncate, furrowed, the anterior lobe bidden, smooth on either side ; no tubercles on the stigmata. Abdomen ovato-conical, longer than the head and thorax, the 2nd and 3rd segments triangularly depressed on the margin. Body not pubescent, but pruinose ; head, pronotum, and thorax below somewhat cinereous ; the clypeus and the lower part of the face silvery • labrum fusco-testaceous ; the pleurte, metanotum, antennae, legs, and abdomen with bluish-purple pile; the last at apex and below with black hairs. The intermediate and posterior tibim strongly spinose in rows, the tarsi spinose, beneath with dense minute spines ; claws armed beneath with an erect tooth Wings fusco-violaceous, iridescent, the apex submarginaUy marked by a pale arched line, the extreme apex purplish : radial cell lanceolate, the apex acute ; 2nd cubital cell much broader than high, receiving the 1st recurrent nervure nearly at the apex; the 3rd cubital cell
POMPILUS.
167
a little in shape of a trapezium, receiving the 2nd recurrent nervure a little beyond the middle ; the 2nd transverse cubital nervure oblique.
''Hah. Ceylon. ?. Length 19; M;in.(7 16 millim."
330. Pompilus perplexus, Smith, Cat. iii, p. 147, ? .
Priocnemis perplexus, Smith, Jour. Linn. Soc. 1867, p. 354. Pompilus lachesis. Smith, New Sp. Hyvi. B. M. p. 146. Saliu.s perplexus. Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Fh. Soc. (4) iv, 1891, p. 45-2.
? . Closely resembles P. canifrons, but is a shghter, smaller insect altogether, the anterior margin of the clypeus is more arched, the thorax longer in proportiou, the median segment more rounded posteriorly, the tibiae and tarsi of the legs less spinose, and the abdomen more cylindrical in form. Black ; the wings light fuscous, somewhat hyahne at base ; abdomen with a purple bloom seen only in certain lights.
Ifab. Sikhim; Tenasserim ; Sumatra. 2. Length 11-14; exp. 22-27 mm. d somewhat smaller and slighter.
*331. Pompilus parthenope, Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) iv, 1891, pp. 459 & 476.
"Black, the wings fusco-violaceous. Eyes almost parallel. Ocelh separated from the eyes by a distinctly greater distance than they are from each other. Clypeus with the sides rounded, the middle slightly waved and margined. Head moderately well- developed behind the eyes ; the occiput a little concave. Pro- notum hardly so long as the head ; the sides rounded. Median segments (segment ?) a little longer than the prothorax, having a gradually rounded slope to the apex ; the middle with a wide shallow furrow ; alutaceous, covered with a fulvons down. Abdo- men shining; the petiole becoming gradually wider towards the apex, so that it is then more than twice the width of the base. Apical segment rugose, thickly covered with stiff hairs. The second cubital cellule at the top more than twice the length of the third, at the bottom equal in length to it; the third at the top about one-third the length of the bottom ; third transverse cubital nervure with a gradual curve to the top ; the first recurrent nervure is received near the apex, the second a little beyond the middle. Legs pruinose; the spines sparse ; the longyomJ (sic) of the hind tibiae short, not reaching the middle of the metatarsus.
''Hab. South-east Provinces (Madras). Length 15 mm."
332. Pompilus bioculatus, Bingh. Joum. Linn. Soc. 1896, p. 431.
2 . Head, thorax, and abdomen smooth, pruinose ; the clypeus subconvex, its anterior margin arched, its posterior nearly trans- verse; the scutellum large, compressed at the sides; the median
168
TOMPILID^.
segment short, with a rounded truncation posteriorly ; legs with the tibijB and tarsi spinose, the spines short, stout, and scattered ; claws unideutate at base below ; abdo- men pseudosessile. Black ; the head, except an irregular black mark on the front reaching the base of the anteunffi, a broad stripe on the pos- terior margin of the pronotum, a square spot at the apex of the mesonotum, the scutellum in the middle, the legs, except the coxae, tro- chanters, base of the femora, and the apical Fig. m.—Pompi- joints of the tai-si, and two linear spots at the Ills bwculatus, ijjjgg Qf tije 2nd segment of the abdomen, ferru- ^" ^" ginous red; wings ferruginous, with their apical
borders broadly fuscous. The spots on the abdomen are sometimes obsolete.
Hah. Sikhim, Burma, extending to China and Japan. ?. Length 12-17 ; exp. 30-35 mm. d somewhat smaller.
333. Pompilus unifasciatus. (PI. I, %• 7.)
Smith, Cat. iii, p. 145, $ ; Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soe. (4) iv,
Pompiliis'exortivus, Smith, Trans. Ent. Soc. 1873, p. 188, $ .
9 Head, pro- and mesothorax smooth, very slightly pubescent ; median seginent covered with a thin soft pubescence, posteriorly rounded, with a steep slope to the apex ; legs with the tibiae and tarsi stoutly spinose ; abdomen pruiuose, with a thm covering of short recumbent hairs. Ferruginous red, with a sUky lustre in certain lights ; the wings ferruginous yellow, broadly fuscous at anex • three or four of the apical joints of the intermediate and posterior tarsi and the abdomen black, the latter has a transverse fascia at the base of the 2nd and the whole of the apical segment ferruginous. A variety has the pro- and mesonotum marked with vellow over the ferruginous, others have the median segment shaded with fuscous, and occasionally the basal segment ot the abdomen will have stains of ferruginous red.
Hab. India, Burma, Malacca, China, and Japan. ?. Length 23-26 ; eccp. 45-48 mm. d somewhat smaller.
334. Pompilus alicise, Bingh. Jour. Linn. Soc. 1896, p. 431, pi. xix, figs. 5, 5 a.
Q Head, thorax, and abdomen smooth, very slightly pruinose ; clvpeus broader than high, convex, slightly projecting, somewhat emareinate anteriorly in the middle; protborax squarish in Iront, the posterior margin of the pronotum arched; median segment rounded, with a very steep slope to the apex; legs stout, the tibiae and tarsi spinose, the spines long and irregular ; abdomen snhsessile as long as the head and thorax united, its apical segment studded with stiff hairs. Black, the basal two-thirds of the clvpeus, the front and vertex, the scape of the anteuna3, a broad line on the posterior margin of the pronotum, a square spot
POMPILUS.
169
at tlie apex of the mesonotiim, the centre of the scutellum and of the postscutellum, and the tibial and tarsi of the legs ferruginous yellow ; wings ferruginous, broadly infuscated at apex, the nervures and teguIsB ferruginous ; abdomen black, with a broad abbreviated ferruginous line at the bases of the 2nd and 3rd segments above, the apical segment with pale yellow silky pile and a few long ferruginous hairs.
Bab. Mergui ; South Tenasserim. $ . Length 20 ; exp. 36 mm.
B. Ebeeeola Group. — Second ventral segment with a transverse furrow.
335. Pompilus rothneyi, Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) iv,
1891, pp. 460 & 463, pi. iii, fig. 9. ? Pompilus hero, Cam. t. c. pp. 459 & 466, pi. iii, fig. 12.
$ . Closely resembles P. pedestris. Smith, differs in structure in the following points : — the clypeus is broader, its anterior margin being transverse ; in pedestris the anterior margin is oblique at the sides and widely emarginate in the middle ; the prouotum is longer with a more gradual slope anteriorly, the median segment is slightly longer, and the abdomen more sessile and thicker at base. In colour P. rothneyi has the flagellam of the antennae below and the posterior femora and tibife black instead of red, and there is no yellow fascia on the posterior margin of the pronotum. The two species exist together, but, so far as I have been able to observe, P. rothneyi frequents the thickest forest, while pedestris is to be found in the open and occasionally comes into houses.
Hah. Sikhim ; Barrackpore, Bengal ; Burma ; Tenasserim ; Ceylon. $ . Length 11-14; e.vp. 20-24 mm. 6 . Length 7-12 ; e.vp. 21-23 mm.
336. Pompilus pedestris, Smith, Cat. iii, p. 147. Priocnemis pedestris, Smith, Jour. Linn. Soc. 1867, p. 354.
Salius pedestris, Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) iv. 1891. p. 452. ^ ^ ' '
2 . Head, thorax, and abdomen densely prninose ; the clypeus transverse, its anterior margin widely emarginate; the front of the face flat ; the median segment compressed at the sides, subconvex, nearly level above, posteriorly emarginate ; legs with the tarsi spinose, the spines stout and scattered; claws bifid; abdomen pseudosessile. Black, covered M-ith a dense silvery-grey pile, the black colour showing through on the vertex of the head, as a broad interrupted subapical fascia on the posterior border of the pronotum, and as bands on the posterior margins of the segments of the abdomen; wings fusco-hyaline, with a broad apical fuscous margin, the disc yellowish, the nervures and tegulse testaceous; the intermediate femora narrowly close to the apex, and the apex of the posterior femora and tibiaj blood-red.
ffab. India, Burma, Tenasserim, extending to Sumatra. 2 Length 10-13 ; exp. 22-24 mm.
170
POMPILIDjE,
337. Pompilus earner onii, Bingh. Jour. Bomb. N. II. Soc. viii, 1893, p. 378, pi. i, fig. 6. Ferreola fenestrata, Bingh. (nec Smith) Jour. Bomb. N. H. Soc. V, 1890, p. 239, 5 (S ; Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) iv, 1891, p. 460.
2. Pruinose; the head convex in front; the clypeus oval, its sides oblique, its anterior margin transverse in the middle ; pro- thorax long, anteriorly sharply truncate, its posterior margin transverse above ; median seg- ment with the middle and sides raised, sulcated between the raised portions and also bearing a medial longitudinally impressed line, its posterior margin deeply emarginate, the emargination longitudinally striate ; legs with the tibiss and tarsi slightly spinose ; abdomen smooth, pruinose. Black, an abbreviated line along the inner orbits of the eyes yellow ; the pro- and mesonotum brick-red ; the median segment, legs, and abdo- men with a heautiful iridescent pile, vivid purple and blue in certain lights ; wings fuscous, the base of the fore wing and the hind wing for more than half its length hyaline.
(S similar, but with the anterior margin of the clypeus broadly yellow.
Hob. Burma (Eangoon; Pegu); Tenasserim. exp. 26 mm. c? . Lenglh 11 ; e.rp. 17 mm.
Fig. 37. — Pompilus cameronii, ^. \.
$. Length 17;
338. Pompilus circe, Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) iv, 1891,
Fen-eok" fenestrata. Smith, Cat. iii, p. 169, ? (nec Smith, Pompilus fenestratus, Cat. iii, p. 144). 5 . Head, thorax, and abdomen pruinose ; head sessile, convex in front, concave posteriorly; clypeus small, almost crescentic ; the base of the antenna very low down on the face immediately above the clypeus; the flagellum thick, subfusiform, porrect ; pronotum very long, cylindrical, its posterior margin transverse ; scutellum large and prominent ; median segment long, the sides flattened above, nearly level, only slightly convex, the apex depressed and deeply concave, the sides forming tubercular pro- iections ; legs with the tibiae and tarsi slightly prumose ; abdomen vertically flattened. Black, the thorax posteriorly and the abdomen with obscure purple tints in certain Ughts ; the clypeus and front with silvery pile ; the pronotum ferruginous red : wmgs hyaline at base for half their length ; beyond fuscous, with a
purple effulgence. , , j-
S similar but smaller, and with the prothorax and median segment longer in proportion.
Eab. India ; Burma ; Tenasserim. ? . Length 13 : 20 mm. cJ . Length 11 ; exp. 20 mm.
POMPIIiUS.
171
339. Pompilus ilus, Bimjh. Jow. Bomb. N. H. Soc. viii, 1893, p. 378,
pi. i, a^. 7.
Ferreola tasciata, Bmqh. (nec Smith) Jour. Bomb. N. H. Soc. v,
1890, p. 241.
Pompilus fasciatus. Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) iv, 1891, p. 458.
5 . Head, thorax, and abdomen smooth, but very sparsely punctured and slightly pruinose ; clypeus subtriangular, widely emarginate anteriorly, the sides rounded ; the median segment compressed at the sides, subconvex, almost level above, its posterior face deeply concave, with the sides produced into sharp tubercles ; legs with the tibiae and tarsi having only a very few minute spines; abdomen pseudosessile. Black, the abdomen with a purple bloom and bands of silvery pile on the posterior margins of the lst-4th segments : wings hyaline for half their length, the apical half fuscous ; nervures and tegulae black.
Hah. Burma ; Tenasserim. $ . Length 27 ; exp. 38 mm. (S much smaller and slighter. Length 15 ; exp. 27 mm.
340. Pompilus dimidiatipennis.
Ferreola dimidiatipennis, Smiss. Hym. d, Nov. Beise, p. 46, J . Fen-eola greenii, Bingh. Jour. Bom. N. H. Son. 1890, p. 240, 5 . Pompilus dimidiatipennis, Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) iv,
1891, p. 458.
$ . Pruinose ; the head small, sessile with the thorax ; clypeus vertical, nearly flat anteriorly, semicircular ; pronotum short, its anterior and posterior margins both nearly transverse ; scutellum large, prominent, laterally compressed ; median segment flattish above, concave posteriorly, the sides produced backwards ; legs short, stoujt, with a few irregular spines ; abdomen vertically compressed, longer than the head and thorax together. Black or rather obscure deep blue ; the head, the pronotum, mesonotum, scutellum, and a line on the postscutellum covered with silvery pile. ; the median segment and abdomen with a rich dark violet pUe : wings silvery hyaline for half their length from base, the apical half dark fuscous, with a brilliant purple effulgence ; ner- vures and tegulae black. A variety (greenii, Bingh.) has the front over the base of the antennae strikingly tuberculate. Hab. Ceylon. $ . Length 17-20 ; exp. 29 mm.
341. Pompilus hecate, Cain. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) iv, 1891,
pp. 458 & 462, pi. iii, fig. 8.
" 5 . Black, pruinose, the face densely covered with a silvery pile ; the wings hyahne, the apex infuscated. Eyes broadly arcuate, a little converging beneath ; ocelli large, almost forming a triangle, the posterior separated from each other by a greater distance than they are from the eyes. Clypeus short, transverse, the sides rounded. Head behind very little developed and almost transverse. Prothorax not much longer than the head, almost transverse behind, not much narrowed in front. Median part of
172
POMPIIilD^.
scuteilum narrowed distinctly towards the apex ; median segment longer than the mesotliorax, depressed in the middle at apex, the laterally produced angles broad, short. Abdominal segments with a broad belt of silvery pruinose pubescence. Legs moderately long ; the hinder tibias with few spines — longish and black. The transverse basal nsrvure is not interstitial.
" Length 7 mm.
" Hah. Barrackpore."
The type and only specimen in Mr. Eothney's collection is now without a head and otherwise damaged ; I have therefore quoted Mr. Cameron's original description in f uU.
342. Pompilus mirandus.
Feneola mlranda, Sauss. Novara Beisc, Hym. p. 49, fig. 30, ? . Pompilus miranda, Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) iv, 1891, p. 459.
5 . Head broader than the thorax, smooth ; clypeus transverse, anteriorly concavo-truncate ; pronotum transverse, broadly square, angularly emarginate posteriorly ; scuteilum somewhat compressed in the middle ; median segment long, the apex slightly narrowed, roundly truncate, above transversely striate and furrowed, pos- teriorly above emarginate, the lateral angles produced ; abdomen compressed, long, longer than the head and thorax united; legs slender, the intermediate and posterior tibiaj armed with a few spines. Blackish plumbeous, with a silvery pile : \inngs hyahne, uervures fuscous, the apex beyond the radial cell m fore wing infuscate; radial cell short beneath, the radial nervure almost concave in the middle, base and apex acutely angled ; 2nd cubital cell broad, oblique on the inner side ; 3rd cubital cell much smaller, much arched outwardly at base and apex ; 2ud cubital cell receives the 1st, and the 3rd cubital cell the 'And recurrent nervure in the middle respectively; both cubital and discoidal nervures stop short of the margin of the wing.
Hab. TrincomaU, Ceylon. ? . Length 5 ; wing 4 mm.
343. Pompilus myrmecoides, n. sp.
9 Very ant-like in shape and appearance ; head and thorax in front" strongly aciculate ; median segment finely rugulose ; abdomen smooth and shinmg, very finely and only partially aciculate; head strongly convex in front, the occiput concave, the antenna planted verv low down on the front; the pronotum very long, the sides parallel and anteriorly suddenly narrowed towards the head, posterior margin transverse; mesonotum and scuteilum very short ; median segment rounded posteriorly, with a short longitu- dinal furrow at base ; legs short, the coxae and femora remarkably stout, tibiffi and tarsi with very minute spines ; abdomen long, cvhndrical, slightly ciu-ved downwards. Dull opaque black; the apical segment of the abdomen, the joints of the tarsi at apex, and the tibial calcaria testaceous : wings dark fuscous ; tore wing a spot in the medial cell, a transverse fascm from the apex of ihe
POMPILTJS. — CBBOPALBS.
173
1st cubital cell, and a subapical spot beyond the radial cell lacteous white ; bind wing clear hyaline.
Bah. Tenasserim. ? . Length 11 ; exp. 20 mm. 6 unknown. Type in British Museum.
344. Pompilus lusciosus, n. sp.
$ . Head and thorax in front strongly aciculate ; scutellum, posts'cutellum, and median segment transversely striate ; abdomen smooth and shining ; head convex anteriorly, the occiput markedly concave, the clypeus transverse, very narrow; antennas stout, their bases low down just above the clypeus ; vertex very slightly arched, nearly flat, the ocelli particularly small and inconspicuous ; pro- notura and median segment bot-h much lengthened, subcylindrical, the former rounded and narrowed towards the head, the latter abruptly rounded at apex ; legs stoutish, the tibias and tarsi with minute" spines ; abdomen long, as long as the head and thorax together, pseudosessile, subcylindrical; the apical segment long and acute at apex. Head and abdomen Black ; thorax dull red ; the scape, the basal four pmts o£ the flagellura of each antenna, and the legs fuscous red, the tibial spurs testaceous: wings fuscous; fore wing with a large spot in the medial cell, an oblique fascia crossing from the base of the stigma to the posterior margin, and the apex of the wing milky white ; hind wing lighter fuscous, nervures and tegulae testaceous.
Hah. Ceylon. $ . Le.ngth 7 ; exp. 12 mm.
This well-marked little species is a typical Ferreola, a genus which merges into Pompilus.
Genus CEROPALES. Evania. pt, Fahr. St/st. Ent. p. 345 (1775).
Ceropales, Latr. Free, caract. gen. Ins. p. 123 (1796) ; Fabr. Syst. Piez. p. 185 (1804) ; Smith, Cat. iii, p. 177 (1855) ; Kohl, Verh. sool.-hot. Ges. Wien, 1884, p. 51.
Fig. 38. — Ceropales pernix, J.
■ Type, C. maculata, Eabr. Range. Both hemispheres.
Head with the labrum exserted beneath the clypeus ; eyes reaching up to the base of the mandibles ; antennae in the § like
174
POMPILIDJE.
those of the d > never convolute. Fore wing with the basal nervure interstitial ; three cubital cells, the 2nd receiving the Ist recurrent nervure before the middle, the 3rd the 2ud recurrent nervure after the middle, the cubital and discoidal nervures both, as a rule, reaching the margin of the wing ; legs long, the posterior pair often remarkably so, armature feeble or wanting, the fore tibiaj and tarsi not ciliated ; abdomen short, 2iid ventral segment without a transverse furrow ; the sting-sheath in the $ sometimes exserted.
Nothing, so far as I know, has been ascertained about the habits of the species of this genus. They are exceedingly rare in India and Burma, where I have collected.
Key to the Species.
A. "Wings fuscous or fusco-hyaline.
a. Abdomen yellow, basal margins of seg- ments fuscous or ferruginous C. ornata, p. 174.
h. Abdomen ferruginous, basal segment
black C. fuscipennis, p. 174.
B. Wings flavo-hyaline, apex fuscous.
a. Abdomen reddish yellow, with rufo-
fuscous transverse bands C.Jlavo-picta, p. 175.
b. Abdomen yellow, with black transverse
bands C. annulitarsis, p. 175.
C. "Wings hyaline.
a. Head, thorax, and abdomen testaceous
yellow, markings brighter yellow .... C. pernix, p. 176.
b. Head and thorax black.
a'. Markings on clypeus, sides of face,
pronoium, and median segment white. C. alhovariegata, p. 176. b'. Markings on clypeus, sides of face, and
pronotum clear yellow C. claripennis, p. 176.
345. Ceropales ornata, Smith, Cat. iii, p. 179, 5 ; Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) iv, 1891, p. 434.
" 5 . Length 3| lines " (8 mm.). " Head yellow, with a trans- verse fuscous line on the vertex. Thorax yellow ; the mesothorax and base of the metathorax black or fuscous, the former has a yellow spot in the middle ; the legs yellow, variegated with ferruginous stains ; the wings fusco-hyaline. Abdomen yellow, the basal margins of the segments ferruginous; beneath pale ferruginous, sometimes the basal margins are fuscous, in other examples fusco-ferrugiuous.
" Hab. India (coll. "W. "W. Saunders)."
346 Ceropales fuscipenuis. Smith, Cat. iii, p. 179, $ ; Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) iv, 1891, p. 432. " 5 . Length 4 lines " (9 mm.). " Black, the orbits of the eyes slightly interrupted at their vertex, the clypeus, mandibles, and scape in front yeUow; the basal half of the llagellum fulvous beneath. Thorax, the prothorax above, the tegulse, and legs ferru- ginous ; the COXES and trochanters black, the apical joints of the
CEEOrALES.
175
intermediate and posterior tarsi fuscous ; wings subfuscous, nervures fuscous. Abdomen ferruginous, the basal segment black. " Hub. India (coll. W. W. Saunders)."
34:7. Ceropales flavo-picta, Smith, Cat. iii, p. 178, S ; Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) iv, 1891, p. 434.
" c? • Length 6 lines " (13 mm.). " Head yellow, having a ferru- ginous stain on the vertex and a fuscous spot before the ocelli ; the autennfe ferruginous, their apex fuscous above ; tips of the mandibles ferruginous. Thorax beneath and also the sides black ; above reddish yellow ; the anterior margin of the prothorax and a stripe passing over the teguls3 fuscous ; the lateral marj^ins of the mefcathorax fuscous ; wings yellow, their extreme apex slightly fuscous ; the legs pale ferruginous, the coxae and trochanters fuscous. Abdomen reddish-yellow, the apical margins of the segments having rufo-fuscous fasciae.
" Hah. India (coll. "W. W. Saunders)*."
*348. Ceropales annulitarsis, Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) iv, 1891, p. 434.
. " Yellow, a stripe across the vertex behind the eyes, a broad one leading down from it on the front, with a small yellow mark on its centre, a broad band in front of the pronotmn, from which an oblique one runs up the pleurae, the mesonotum except along the sides, and a large squarish mark in the centre, this latter having a large black triangular mark in the centre, the mesonotum, a large oblique mark on the base of the mesopleurae, the base of the scutellum, and the metanotum black ; the greater part of the meso- and metapleurae and the median segment reddish. Abdomen yellow, the 1st segment black at base and apex, the centre reddish ; the 2nd segment black and red at apex, the Brd broadly black ; the 4th black at the apex, the black in the middle being continued to the base of the segment ; the 5th black at the base, the black being continued in the middle to the apex ; the ventral segments broadly black. Legs ferruginous ; the coxae yellow and red, the trochanters blackish, the apex of the hinder tibiae and of the four hinder tarsal joints black. Wings yellowish hyaline, the apex of both wings infuscated ; the 2nd cellule (cubital ?) at the top and bottom longer than the 3rd ; the 2ud and 3rd transverse cubital nervures elbowed at the middle, thus narrowing the 2nd cubital cellule at the top ; the 1st recurrent nervure is received in the apical third, the 2nd a httle before the middle. Autennse ferru- ginous, longish, the joints curved ; the 3rd and 4th joints subequal. Apex of clypeus bluntly rounded, the sides rounded. Head, pronotum, and median segments bearing long white hairs.
" Long 14 ram.
"Hab. Poona."
* "Whilst these pages have been passing through the press, I have, through the kitidiieBS of Prul'. Pouiton, been able to examine the types of C. ornata C. fusiformu, and C. Jlavo-picta, all now in the Hope Museum, Oxford. '
176
POMPILIDiB.
349. Ceropales pernix, Bingh. Jour. Lhm. Soc. 1896, p. 425.
c? . Head, thorax, and abdomen smooth, slightly shining ; head broad, broader than the thorax, labrum exserted, clypeus transverse anteriorly, slightly convex ; antenna3 stout, porrect ; eyes convergent below, a deeply impressed vertical line from the anterior ocellus to between the base of the antennte ; pronotum short, its posterior margin widely arched; mesonotum with two parallel, medial, lono-itudinally" impressed furrows; median segment long, rounded posteriorly, with a steep slope to its apex ; legs long, the tibiaj and tarsi unarmed, nearly smooth; abdomen about as long as the thorax, slightly compressed laterally. Light testaceous brown, the clypeus, the inner margin of the eyes broadly, and the posterior margin of the pronotum pale yellow: wings hyaline and beautifully iridescent, the cubital and discoidal nervures produced to the apical margin of the fore wing, the transverse basal nervures interstitial ; the tegulae, stigma, and nervures brown.
Hab. Tenasserim. d . Leiigth 8 ; e.rp. 15 mm.
350. Ceropales albovariegata, Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. xU, 1897. c? Head thorax, and abdomen smooth ; head broad, the front
only "slightly convex, and the vertex nearly flat the occiput transverse, a remarkable subcordate projection on the front above the base of the antenna, the projection grooved dowii the middle or bilobed- mesonotum with two parallel weU-marked longitudinal furrows : 'median segment rounded posteriorly with a some- what steep slope to the apex and a medial longitudinal furrow ; abdomen short, slightly laterally compressed. Testaceous yellow ; ?he h^ad pro- Lid mesonotum black ; the clypeus the sides of the ^Le broX%he proiection above the base of the antenn^, the nner and outer orbits, the inferior lateral angles and posterior margin of the pronotum, three irregular spots beneath the wing on the llenr^, a spot above the tegute, and the inferior apical lateral anZ of the median segment, white ; the scape in front testaceous Sow! the basal three joints of the flagellum of the antenn^ beS fulvous ; wings hyal^e and iridescent, the nervures and tegulffl testaceous.
Eab. Ceylon. 5 . Length 9 ; eccp. 17 mm.
*351. Ceropales claripennis, Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) iv, ' 1891, p. 433.
"Black shining, the mandibles, clypeus, face, orbits, except 1 • tlr-n^tPd at the top a hue on the pronotum behind, tr^nlstTo^nt a tadbn'e at the apex of the mesonotum the angles m iro ' metanotum, a narrow Ime
^^ the middle of tbe' median segment, the propleur^ down the 'fiddle 0 ^mesopleurfe above and
ZttS- tl/«Sh, rriM feU0.;.it. . bl.*
CEEOPALES. — APORCrS.
177
mark behind ; the four hinder coxae black, yellow and red beneath, the tarsi black ; the spurs pale, the hinder about two-thirds of the length of the metatarsus. Wings clear hyaline, the second cellule half the length of the third above and beneath ; the Ist recurrent nervure received slightly past, the 2nd slightly in front of the middle of the cellules. Antennae moderately thick, brownish beneath at the base ; the thii-d and fourth joints subequal. Eyes with a distinct curve at the top, distinctly converging at the apex, they being there separated by a little more than half the length they are at the top. Clypeus with the sides oblique, the apex transverse. Ocelli in a triangle, separated from the eyes by twice the length they are fi-om each other. Pronotum semi-transverse, behind quadrate, the sides at the base projecting into triangular teeth. Mesonotum flatfish, with two longitudinal furrows ; the furrow on the mesopleurae narrow ; raetanotum gibbous ; median segment with a gradual slope. Except on the median segment the body is almost glabrous. ^'■Length 8-9 mm.
" Hah. Poona ( Wroughton)." Unknown to me.
Genus APOEUS.
Aponis, Spinola, Ins. Lie/, ii, p. 35 (1808) ; Smith, Cat. ill, p. 174 (1866).
Pompilus, pt., Kuhl, Verh. zool.-bot. Ges. Wien, 1884, p, 52 et seg.
Type, A. unicolor, Spin. Eanc/e. Both hemispheres.
Head subglobose, about as wide as the thorax ; ocelli in a triangle on the vertex; antennae inserted about the middle of the face, not so long as the head and thorax united, fiUform, slightly curved after death in the female; labrum concealed, clypeus subporrect; thorax convex above ; scutellum minute, depressed below the level of the mesonotum ; for the rest, the characters are those of Pompilus, except that in the fore wing there are only two cubital cells and that the anterior tarsi are not ciliated. The 2nd i-ig oo. cubital cell receives both recurrent nervures. Aporus cotesi, Note. — Kohl (Zoc. cit.) considers that the species $. f. o£ this genus are derived directly from Pomjiilus by the loss, in the fore wing, of the 2nd trans- verse cubital nervure, and that Aporus cannot be kept distinct from Pompilus. It is quite probable that the one genus has been evolved from the other in the way indicated bv Kohl : still, as the distinctive character of two cubital cells in the fore wing seems to be constant, and generic distinction is a matter of convenience, I see no reason why Ap>orus should not be kept separate from Pompilus, so long as it is placed next to that genus and the relationship between the two is clearly undei'stood.
TOL. I. N
178
POMPILIDJE.
Key to the Species.
A. Atclomen black.
a. Foro wing hyaline, apex fuscescent A. benffalemiSjf. 178.
b. Fore wing fuscous, the basal, 1st cubital, let
and base of 2nd discoidal cells with a narrow
subapical band hyaline A. orientalis, p. 178.
B. Abdomen pale red, the apical segment fuscous. A. cotesi, p. 178.
352. Aporus bengalensis, Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soe. (4) iv,
1801, p. 478.
$ . Head, thorax, and abdomen pruinose : tbe head convex in Eront, remarkably concave behind ; pronotum long, its posterior margin transverse ; median segment long with a rounded gradual slope, the apex obscurely longitudiually striated ; legs with the tibia) and tarsi very sparsely spinose ; abdomen pseudosessile. Elack, with obscure silvery pile, most dense on the clypeus and front and forming apical'bands on the 1st and 2nd segments of the abdomen; wings hyaline, the fore wing lightly fuscous beyond the 2ud cubital cell, this latter is narrowed at the top and receives below both recurrent nervm-es.
Bab. Barrackpore, Eengal. $ . Lengtli 6 ; exp. 10 mm.
353. Aporus orientalis. .
Planiceps orientalis, Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Fh. Soc. (4) iv, 1«91, p. 477, pi. iii, fig. 1.
?. Head, thorax, and abdomen smooth and shining; the clypeus shghtly convex, its anterior margin oblique at the sides, transverse in tbe middle ; front flat, the ocelU widelv separated, a short longitudinal notch bebiud the two posterior ocelli ; pronotum rounded, two obscure tubercles in the middle anteriorly, the posterior margin regularly but very slightly arched : the scutellum very prominent ; the median segment short, somewhat flat, the sides vertical, tbe apex steeply sloped ; legs stout, tbe tibiae and tarsi with thick short spines; abdomen pseudosessile, sharply acuminate at apex. Black ; wings fuscous, in the fore wing the basal, the 1st cubital, 1st discoidal, base of 2nd discoidal, and a narrow band beyond the 3rd cubital and 2nd discoidal cells hyaUne ; in the hind wing the basal two-thirds are hyahne.
Hah. Barrackpore, Bengal. 5 . Length 15 ; exp. 27 mm.
354. Aporus cotesi, Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) iv, 1891, p. 478, pi. iii, fig. 2. 9 Head, thorax, and legs densely pruinose, abdomen smooth ; clypeus narrow, transverse, slightly convex, its anterior margin arched, front broad, with an abbreviated vertically impressed line above the base oE the antennte ; pronotum rounded in tront, narrowed towards the head, widely arched posteriorly ; median segment long, smooth, rounded above, with a medial longitudinal shallow furrow ; legs slender, the tarsi spinose, the tibia) with very minute spines; abdomen long, as long as the head and
SPHEQIDJE.
179
thorax together, subpetiolate, cylindrical, abruptly tapering at apex. Head and thorax black, covered with a dense hoary silvery pile, particularly dense on the clypeus, on the apex of the median segment, and legs ; abdomen pale red, the apical segment fuscous ; wings hyaline and iridescent, the fore wing fuscous at apex, the 1st recurrent nervure received just before the middle, and the 2nd recurrent nervure close to the apex of the 2nd cubital cell ; nervures and tegulfe testaceous brown.
Hah. Barrackpore, Bengal; Ahmedabad, "Western India. 2 . Length 9 ; exp. 17 mm. cJ unknown. Type in collection Eothney.
Family SPHEGID^.
The pronotum transverse, its lateral angles not prolonged back to the base of the wiugs.
The above is the sole constant character that separates this rather heterogeneous family from the other families of the Eossorial Hymenoptera.
In a limited fauna as that of Great Britain, for instance, it is possible to divide the Possores into fairly well-marked groups, which can be conveniently regarded as forming families or sub- families ; but all such limitations brealt down when exotic species are taken into consideration. It is therefore now generally held that the burrowing wasps with short prothoraces form only one family, containing genera, many of which have a tendency to form natural groups, while others stand more or less isolated.
Key to the Genera.
A. Fore wing with one cubital cell.
a. Cubital ceU confluent with 2nd discoidal
cell OXTBELUS, p. 314.
6. Cubital cell not confluent with 2nd discoidal
cell Cbabro, p. 321.
B. Fore wing with two or three cubital cells.
a. Abdomen pseudoseasile, or if petiolate, petiole formed by the narrowing of both ventral and dorsal plates of first segment. a'. Radial cell of fore wing appeudicnlate. a". Protborax very long, with posterior portion raised in the middle, leaving sides beneath narrowly projecting .... Ampulex, p. 253. Ip-. Prothorax not so raised, pronotum short and transverse. a'. Mandibles incised on their outermargins. a*. Fore wing with three cubital cells. a°. Posterior femora with a hook or
spine or tubercle at base Piagetia, p. 210.
180
SPIIEGIDiE,
6'. Posterior femora simple.
a". Ocelli three, complete, round, a'. Base of Istabdomiual segment
narrowed, subpetiolate Lyboda, p. 208.
i'. Base of Ist abdominal segment not narrowed, pseudosessile. fl^ Margins of abdominal seg- ments constricted Palaeus, p. 213.
b". Margins of abdominal seg- ments not constricted. aP. Eyes with their inner
margins arched out- [P- ■^l^.
wards Liantheena,
6^ Eyes with their inner margins not arched, straight, converging to-
wards the vertex Astata, p. lai'.
6^ Ocelli more or less distorted and incomplete. a'. Pygidial area bare, not pu- bescent.
a«. Pronotum posteriorly on a
level with mesonotum .... Labba, p. 195. b" Pronotum depressed beneath [p- 192.
the level of mesonotum . . Tachysphex, f. Pygidial area pubescent.
a". Mediansegmentmuchlonger LP-
than mesonotum Notogonia,
b^. Median segment equal in length to mesonotum, or
shorter Tachytks, p. 185.
6*. Fore wing with two cubital ceUs . . Gabxbosericus J». Mandibles not incised on their outer LP- --^o.
margins. -f grvK
PvRidial area pubescent p. -uo.
6' Pylidial area not pubescent. Pabalibis, p. 208.
b'. Kadial cell of fore wing not appendiculate.
a\ Fore wing with two cubital cells. Miscophus '
a\ Inner orbits not emargmate Miscophus,
6^ Inner orbits emavgiuate. -
a*. Outer nervures of 2nd (prop, drd) + „ 917
cubital cell distinct PisoN pt., p. 21/.
b\ Outer nervures of 2nd cubital cell so
'■^^ 'd-ffioStl° TB.POX.i.?x. some dimculty • '
h\ Fore wing with three cubital ceUs.
a\ Inner orbits emargmate -I-ISON pt., p. -i'.
b\ Inner orbits not emargmate.
fli. Median segment long, flat above, witli
several longitudinal carinas. ^ „=. Median segment above not broad- LP' - -
ened laterally : colour black .... Dolichiet-S, 6' Median segment above broadened • outlaterally;colourdeepca.rulean gGO.
blue
SPHBGIDJE.
181
b*. Median segment not particularly long, not flat above nor cariuated. a'. Labruni very muck lengthened and exserted beneath clypeus. a". Labrum sharply acute at apex,
rostriforra Bkmbex, p. 284.
b". Labrum rounded at apex, not
rostriform Stizais, p. 276.
b'. Labrum short, not or very in- conspicuously exserted beneath clypeus.
a'. The 2nd cubital cell receiving both recurrent nervures. a'. The 2nd cubital cell petiolate ; median segment with lateral
tubercles or spines Nysson, p. 268.
b''. The 2nd cubital cell not petio- late ; median segment without lateral tubercles or spines . . Gobytes, p. 271. b^. The 1st cubital cell receiving the
1st, the 2nd cubital cell the 2nd . [p. 270.
recurrent nervure Heliobyctes,
c". The 2nd cubital cell receiving the lat, the 3rd cubital cell the 2nd recurrent nervure. a'. 2nd cubital cell petiolate .... Cercbbis, p. 299. b''. 2nd cubital cell not petio- late Philanthus,
Abdomen petiolate, petiole composed of ven- [p. 293.
tral plate only of basal abdominal seg- ment.
a'. Intermediate tibiae with two apical spurs. a'. Second and third cubital cells in fore wing
each receiving a recurrent nervure .... Sphex, p. 241. b'^. Second cubital cell in fore wing receiving
both recurrent nervures. [p. 228.
a^. Anterior tarsi ciliated exteriorly Ammophila,
6'. Anterior tarsi not ciliated exteriorly . . Sceliphbon, 6'. Intermediate tibiae with one apical spur. [p. 235.
a'-. Three cubital cells in fore wing PaEN, p. 262.
Two cubital cells in fore wing. c^. With one recurrent nervure in fore
wing Stigmus, p. 266.
IP. With two recurrent nervures in fore wing.
a'. Petiole long, longer than succeed- [p. 265.
ing abdominal segment Pemphbedon,
6*. Petiole short, shorter than succeed- ing abdominal segment Passalcecus,
[p 267.
182
SPHEGiriE.
Genus ASTATA.
Astatus, Latr. Precis Caract. Gen. Ins. p. 114 (\796). Astata, Latr. Hint. Nat. Crnd. et Ins t. ui, p. 336 (1802). Dimorpha, Panz. Krit. Revis. Faun. Deutschl. n, p. 12b (l»Ut>). Dryudella, pt., ^n. Ann. Soc. Ent B: 1843, t. i, p. 135.
Type, A. hoops, Schrank. Hunge. Both hemispheres.
Head wider than the thorax ; mandibles not emargmate or incised on their outer margins, bluntly toothed on the inner side close to the apex; eyes very large, strongly convergent at top, in the 6 meeting on the central line of the vertex ; ocelli com- plete, round, placed in a triangle below the vertex; antennae hli- form, inserted low down on the front, just above the clypeus ; proootum depressed below the level of the mesonotum ; legs thick, the tibiae and tarsi ( 5 ) thickly, ( 6 ) less densely spinose, intermediate tibiae with two apical spurs ; abdomen short, some- what cordate or conical in shape, in the 6 flattened above. Wings with one radial and three cubital cells, the former long, narrow, roundly truncate at apex and appendiculate ; the 1st cubital cell obliquely oval, divided transversely by an obsolete or nearly obsolete nervure ; 2nd cubital cell sub- triangular, receiving both recurrent nervures; 3rd obliquely quad- rate, the opposite sides nearly parallel. „ , . , ,
The large eyes and short conical abdomen of these insects make them closely resemble, in form, certain kinds of Diptera. AsUUa is eminently a sand-wasp, burrowing m bard sandy banks and storing its nests with larvae of various species of Hemiptera ; anc the late Mr. F. Smith records having seen the English species ot A. hoops conveying to its nest specimens of an alhed hymeno- pterous insect, Oxyhelus.
Fig. 40. — Astata affilis, cj .
Key to tlie Species.
A. Abdomen wholly black ^- niyricans, p. 183.
B. Abdomen red and black.
a. Of comparatively large size (L. 10-13 mm.) ;
mesonotum anteriorly carinated and tur-
rowed • onentalts, p. loo-
b. Smaller (L.V-io'mm.) ; mesonotum simple.
a'. Median segment above enclosed by „ 183
lateral convergent furrows A. macuhfrons, p. 183.
b' Median segment not furrowed laterally.
'a:\ Median segment long, finely longi- ...
tudinally reticulate A. agibs, p. 184.
V'. Median segment comparatively short, „ ir^
coarsely reticulate A.tarda,-}.!^.
ASTATA.
183
355. Astata ni^-icans, Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) ii, 1889,
p. 151, d-
cJ . Head, thorax, and abdomen thinly pubescent, the pubescence denser on the sides of the face and sides and apex of the median segment; eyes strongly convergent and meeting on the vertex; tlie front convex, punctured, the anterior ocellus large, twice the size of the posterior ones, on the front beneath it an obscure T-shaped furrow; pro- and mesohotum, scutellum, and post- scutellum rather closely punctured, the disc of the scutellum smooth and shining ; median segment long, slightly narrowed and sloping posteriorly ; the apex truncate, above coarsely reticulate, with a medial longitudinal carina ; abdomen shining, minutely punctured, the margins of the segments sHghtly depressed. Black, the pubescence hoary white, silvery on the sides of the face ; the tarsi and the posterior margins of the basal five segments bronzy testaceous ; wings hyahne and iridescent, nervures pale testaceous, tegulse black.
Bah. Poona, Bombay Presidency, d . Length 8-9 ; 16 mm. Type in coll. Eothney.
356. Astata orientalis, Smith, Cat. iv, p. 310 ; Cam. Mem. Manch.
L. Ph. Soc. (4) ii, 1889, p. 150.
cT . Head above the base of the antennas coarsely rugose and covered with thin long pubescence ; the cheeks and occiput smooth, with soft thin pubescence; mesonotum, scutellum, and post- scutellum very minutely and closely punctured ; the mesonotum anteriorly with two parallel, abbreviated, longitudinal carinas, ter- minating posteriorly in minute tubercles, and two parallel, abbre- viated, longitudinally impressed lines in the space between the carinas ; scutellum irapunctate, smooth, and shining in the middle ; median segment long, rounded at the sides, concavo-truncate posteriorly, the truncation piuictured, above coarsely reticulate; abdomen smooth, opaque, the basal segment at apex strongly constricted. Black, the posterior margin of the 1st and 2nd abdominal segments entirely ferruginous red, the remaining segments more or less dark fusco-ferruginous ; wings flavo-hyahue, sometimes entirely hyahne.
Var. With the basal two and basal half of the 3rd segment red. Hab. Nishchindeepore, Bengal ; Tenasserim. d ■ Length 10-13 ; exp. 18-23 mm.
357. Astata macnlifrons, Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) ii, 1889,
p. 149, d.
cJ . Head — the clypeus produced in the middle at apex, deeply depressed at the sides, front convex, punctured, the punctures close above the ocelli ; eyes strongly obliquely convergent, meeting above on the vertex; cheeks smooth, shining; mesonotum, scutellum, and postscutellum shining, sparingly punctured ; median segment as long as the rest of the thorax, truncate posteriorly, rounded towards the sides ; above divided off by two deep furrows.
184 sphboidjE.
one on each side, meeting below the edge of the truncation in a small depression, the enclosed space coriaceous, with a medial longitudinal faintly-marked carina, the sides and truncated portion of the segment rugose-punctate ; abdomen smooth, shining, with a few scattered delicate punctures. Black, the front below the ocelli with a transverse yellow mark rounded at the sides, emarginate in the middle anteriorly ; abdomen with the basal three segments and sides of the 4th red above; the head, thorax, and abdomen covered with a very spare, soft, erect fuscous pubescence ; wings hyaline, the fore wing anteriorly light fuscescent; nervures testaceous, tegulae yellow.
Hob. Mussooree. 6. Length 9; exp. 1/ mm. Type m coll, Eothney. This is the Eastern representative of the British A. stigma.
358. Astata agilis, SmUh, Tram. Ent. Soc. 1875, p. 39, ? ; KoM, Verh zool.-hot. Ges. Wien, 1884, p. 447 ; Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) ii, 1889, p. 150.
P Head— the clypeus, the cheek and occiput, the pronotum, the sides and apex of the median segment, the coxse and femora of the legs, and the base of tbe abdomen covered with a long thin soft pubescence ; the head in front closely punctured and bearing a medial short vertical furrow in front of the anterior ocellus ; pro- and mesonotum less closely punctured ; the scutellum large, prominent, smooth and shining ; the median segment long, truncate at apex ; above and at base longitudinally reticulate, and bearing a fine medial longitudinal carina ; abdomen broad, short (very short and subcordate in shape in the 6 ), acutely pointed at apex, very minutely and closely punctured at the bases of the segments. Black, the apical margin of the 1st, the whole of the 2nd, and the base narrowly of the 3rd abdominal segment red; wmgs hyaline, with a faint fuscous cloud beyond the stigma, the apex pale ; nervures and tegulae testaceous.
similar but smaller, more pubescent. o
Var. The fore wing flavo-hyaline from base to apex ot radial
cell, hyaUne beyond.
Hah Nishchindeepore; Tirhoot; Poona; Sikhim ; Tenassenm. $ . Length 7^-9 ; e.vp. 14 mm. 6 • Length 7-8 ; exp. 14 mm.
359. Astata tarda, Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. xli (1897).
^ Closelv resembles A. agilis. Smith, from which it can be distinguished by being much more finely and closely punctured and larLr Head in front, pro- and mesonotum, scutellum and post- scuteUum finely and closely punctured ; median segment coarsely reticulZ above the apex truncate ; the head in front, the pronot.im, apex of the median segment, and base of abdomen covered ^vath a soft long thin silvery pubescence. Black, the apical margin of the Is he whole of the 2nd, and the basal half of the 3rd abdomma Llen^^ wings hyaUne, very faintly fuscous on the apical marmn • nervures and tegulae dark brown. „ t,
S Ceylon. e.LengthlO;exp.lS^r-.. Type m coll. Eothney.
TACHTTE8.
185
Genus TACHYTES.
Sphex, pt., Fabr. Ent. Sijst. ii, p. ai/) (1793).
Pompilus, pt., Fabr. Ent. Syst. Suppl. p. 251 (1798).
Larra, pt., Fabr. Syst. Piez. p. 221 (1804).
Tachytes, Pmis. Erit. Rev>s. Faun. Deutschl. ii, p. 129 (1806).
Lyrops, pt., Latr. Gen. Crust. Ins. iv, p. 71 (1809)
Type, T. ijompiliformis, Panz. Range. Both hemispheres.
Head wider than the thorax ; mandibles with a narrow incision on their outer margin close to the middle ; the inner margin bidentate ; clypeus and face always densely pilose or pubescent ;
antennte stoat, and generally shorter than in the genus Tachysphex ; eyes, especially in the S ■, strongly con- vergent towards the vertex, but never quite meeting as in the 6 oh" Astata ; the ocelli are placed on a convexity on the front, the anterior ocellus round, the posterior elongate, almost reniform, slanting, flat, and Fig. 41. ipgg distinct; pronotum depressed
Tachytes saundersii, ? . \. beneath the level of the mesonotum ; pygidial area distinct, in the ? triangular, in the_ c? generally trapezium-shaped, but in both always pubescent, in the 5 set with dense, short, stiff hairs, in the c? with sparser pubescence. "Wings stout, ample ; fore wing with one radial and three cubital cells, the radial cell lengthened and acute at apex, and only feebly trijncate, showing in consequence only an indistinct appendicular cell. Legs — the tibiae and tarsi of all the legs moi-e or less spiuose, the tarsal combs altogether much shorter and stouter than in Tachyspliex.
Tachytes contains some of the most beautiful of the species of sand-wasps. Many of the Oriental forms are black, or black and red, richlv decked with golden or silvery pubescence and pile. All the Indian species whose habits I have been able to investigate nest in the ground, and store their nests with the larvte of Orthoptera.
Key to the Species.
A. Abdomen red, or red and black.
a. Transverse pilose bands on abdomen golden. a'. Fore wing with a subapical fuscous fascia. b'. Fore wing with no subapical fascia .... 6. Transverse pilose bands on abdomen silvery. a'. Fore wing with apex broadly dark
fuscous
b'. Fore wing with no apical fuscous border, a^. Femora, tibire, and tarsi of legs red . . P. Femora, tibiae, and tarsi of legs black ,
T. yerburyi, p. 186. T.fervida, p. 186.
T. conspieua, p. 187.
T.e}'ythropoda,-p.187. T. tarsata, p. 188.
186
bphbgid;b.
B. Abdomen Waclr. ,
a. Pile on abdomen golden T. monetarm, p. 188.
b. Pile on abdomen silvery.
a'. Of comparatively large size : over 16 mm. in length.
a^. Thorax with fuscous or rufo-fnscou8
pubescence T. sawwiemi, p. 189.
bK Thorax with yellow or golden pu- _ _
bescence T. amcjists, p. 189.
v. Of compai-atively small size: under 15 mm. in length. a^. Legs more or less testaceous red.
d\ Form short, robust; aU tlbiee and
tarsi testaceous red T. modesta, p. 190.
6^ Form more slender ; tibise and. tarsi of anterior and tarsi only of inter- mediate and posterior legs testaceous _
_ T. ornatipes, p. 190.
b^. Legs black. • , ■, , i
a\ Pygidial area covered with black
pubescence T. mi»<Z«te, p. 190.
bK Pygidial area covered with silvery
pubescence. ,n • • ion
a* Length 13-14 mm £■ P'
b-
y. Len|th 7-9 mm. T. vishnu, p. 191.
360. Tachytes yerlauryi, n. sp.
A. Clypeus, the region of the ocelli, and the vertex of the head finely and closely punctured ; the anterior margin of the clypeus Swly smooth Ind recurved; eyes strongly convergent above nearly meeting ; the front and clypeus densely pubescent ; tho ax finel/and clofely punctured, and with tJV'^^^"'^^?TheS pubescent; median segment short, rounded posteriorly ; the apex Leply slo'ped, a medial longitudinally impressed hne widening on the verge of the posterior slope into an oval fovea. Black the mandibles at base, the apex of the clypeus, the scape and basal SStiomts of the flagellnm of the antennae, the legs except the bafe of the coxa., and\he basal four or five segments of the abdo- m riigbt. testaceous red; the pubescence r.ch goHen ioming shin ng transverse bands on the margins of segments 1-6 of the Sdom'en above; wings fulvo-hyaline, the -V^^^' ^^.^^f^^^ margins lighter; in the fore wing a dark fuscous cloud occupies Sie fad a , Ascending slightly into the 2nd and 3rd cubital cells
h1 Gejlou. 6 Length n -,6X^.32 mm. ? unknown. Type in British Museam.
361. Tachytes fervida, SmitJi, Cat. iv, p. 298, ? .
9 . Closely allied to and resembling T. tarsata 8"^^*^' ^^t ^s a broader stouter-built insect, the median segment proportionately not so longTthe apical margin of the clypeus is narrow y depressed and rounfcd; the'head above i« not furrowed, and the eyes aie sUghtly more convergent towards the vertex. Head, thorax.
TAOHTTBS.
187
median segment, and apical three segments of the abdomen black ; the teiriilsB of the wings, the legs, and the basal three abdominal segments red; the whole insect covered with a rich glittering golden pile, forming tesselated transverse bauds on the apical margins of the abdominal segments ; wings light flavo-hyaline, nervures testaceous.
Hab. India {Smith). $ . Length 14 ; exp. 26 mm.
362. Tachytes conspicua.
Larrada conspicua, Smith, Cat. iv, p. 276, 5 .
Larra conspicua, Kohl, Verh. zool.-hot. Oes. Wien, 1884, p. 242 ; Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) ii, 1889, p. 125.
5 . Head and thorax pruinose ; abdomen smooth, dull and opaque ; the cljpeus rounded in front, the extreme anterior margin narrowly smooth ; the front with a medially impressed line leading down from the anterior ocellus, two slight lateral hollows, one on each side of the line, and a shallow pit behind the posterior ocelli ; median segment long, rather compressed, steeply sloped posteriorly, above transversely striate and covered with soft, short, thin pubescence ; abdomen narrow, the apical segments narrowing acutely to the apex. Black ; the mandibles, the scape of the antennae in front, the femora, tibiifi, and tarsi of all the legs, the basal two and the apical segments of the abdomen red; the clypens and front, and the posterior margins of abdominal segments 1-5 clothed with dense silvery pile, the pygidial area studded with a thin yellowish pubescence ; wings hyaline, yellow at base, broadly pubescent along the apical margins.
Hah. Barrackpore, Bengal (Smith). 2 • Length 13 ; exp. 22 mm.
This is quite an aberrant species, having affinities to Larra and Tachysphex ; it has the front and the median segment of the former, while the armature of the fore tarsi is that of Tachy- sphex, but the pygidial area is pubescent and the general appearaiace that of a Tachytes.
363. Tachytes erythropoda, Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) ii,
1889, p. 135, $ .
5 . Head broader than the thorax, sparsely punctured, thorax and abdomen smooth and shining ; the vertex sparsely, the clypeus, front, cheeks, sides of the thorax, the median segment above and on the sides and apex, and the abdomen densely pu- bescent ; clypeus transverse, its anterior margin slightly recurved ; vertex marked with a shallow V-shaped furrow ; mesonotum anteriorly with two parallel abbreviated impressed lines ; median segment above indistinctly transversely striate, the sides obliquely. Black ; the mandibles, the femora, tibife and tarsi of the legs, and the basal three segments of the abdomen red; the pubescence ghttering silvery white, forming transverse bands on the apical margins of the abdominal segments ; pygidial area clothed with
188
BPHBGIBJE.
dense short fulvons pubescence; wings h.valine, very slightly fuscescent towards the apex, nervures and tegulte pale testaceous. Hah. Mussooree. ? . Length 8 ; exp. 16 mm.
364. Tachytes tarsata, Smith, Cat. iv, p. 297, $ ; Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Sue. (4) ii, 1889, p. 141 ; Kohl, Verh. zool.-bot. Ges. Wien, 1884, p. 409.
Lanada vestita, SmitJi, A. M. N. H. (4) xii, 1873, p. 293, 5. Tacliytes basalis, Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) ii, 1889, p. 14-2,
? . Head and thorax closely and finely punctured and pu- bescent, the pubescence dense on tbe clypeus, the mesonotum, post- scutellum, and the sides and apex of the median segment (m some specimens, e. g. the type, the pubescence is very dense ; m others e q tvpe of T. basalis, thin and sparse); front of head with a medial broad shallow furrow meeting a deep A-shaped furrow behind the ocelli ; median segment rounded above, truncate posteriorly, tbe face of the truncation obscurely transversely striate and bearing a medial, short, vertical furrow. Black ; the basal three, sometimes four segments of the abdomen red, the pubescence shining silvery, the apical margins of segments 1-5 with bands of ghttermg silvery pile having more or less of a tesselated appearance in certain lights ; the pygidial area covered with a stiff sbort ferru- ginous, sometimes golden pubescence ; wings clear hyahne, m a few specimens tinged with a very Hght yellow ; nervures and tegulffi pale testaceous. The colour of the legs varies from fuscous to black.
c? similar ; the pubescence on the pygidium silvery. Hab North-West Provinces ; Tirhoot ; Barrackpore. ? . Length 15 ; exp. 27 mm. 6 ■ Length 12 ; exp. 23 mm.
365. Tachytes monetaria, SmUh, Cat. iv, p. 298 $ ; Cam Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) ii, 1889, p. 136; Kohl, Verh. zooM Ges. PFeeK, 1884, p. 404. , Tachytes velox, Smith, Cat. iv, p. dUi, d • Q Head and thorax very finely and closely punctured, the punctures on the median segment above witb a tendency to run into transverse striae; head in front and on the clypeus and cheeks densely pubescent; median segment clothed sparingly with shor soft hlirs; legs pruinose; abdomen with a dense matting of ser ceous Vile ; median segment rounded posteriorly, with a media ongitudinal furrow reaching the apex -d anteriorly conU^^^^^^^ obscurely over the scutellum and postscutellum. _ Black, the Pubescence silvery; on the abdomen a rich ferruginous golden Wine a beautiful tesselated appearance in certain ligbts, the basaUwo-thirds of the 1st segment of the abdomen black; wmgs
^TS" ^ "^'^-^
"^^SS^^nX^ extending eastwards to Africa as
TACHTTE8.
189
far as the Gambia. $ . Le7iffth 20 ; exj). 32 mm. J . Length 16 ; ex p. 32 mm.
366. Tachytes saundersii, n. sp.
2 . Head — the eyes strongly convergent above, the front and clypeus densely, the base of the mandibles and the cheeks thinly pubescent ; the vertex punctured, divided by a conspicuously im- pressed longitudinal line ending in a deep semicircular furrow behind the posterior ocelli ; thorax with a short, moderately dense pubescence, the surface underneath very minutely and closely punctured, giving it an opaque velvety appearance ; median segment slightly more coarsely punctured, with a mediil lon- gitudinally impressed line from base ending in a shining sub- triangular fovea on the verge of the rounded posterior portion of the segment ; legs densely pilose ; abdomen shining, the dorsal surface obscurely aciculate; the posterior margins of abdominal segments 1-4 above with transverse broad bands of silky pile ; pygidial area large, clothed with dense stiff pubescence. Intense black ; the pubescence on the head and the dense pile on the tibiae and tarsi of the legs of a rich glittering golden colour, on the thorax and median segment it is fuscous black, with a rufous tint in certain lights ; the bands on the abdomen are silvery and the stiff hair on the pygidial area, with the tibial calcaria and spines on the legs, ferruginous ; wings flavo-hyaUne, with a rich golden effulgence in certain lights.
cJ similar but smaller ; the tibia and tarsi of the anterior and intermediate legs, and the femora, tibite, and tarsi of the posterior legs reddish ; the pubescence on the pygidial area silvery.
Var. The legs entirely black.
Hah. Tenasserim. $ . Length 20 ; exp. 41 mm. J . Length 15-17; exp. 32-35 mm.
367. Tachytes sinensis, SmitJi, Cat. iv, -p. 299, $; Kohl, Verh. zool.-
bot. Ges. Wim, 1884, p. 407. Tachytes rothneyi, Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) ii, 1889, p. 139.
$ . Head and thorax densely pubescent, the pubescence long and silky on the clypeus, the face in front, and the median seg- ment, short, thick, and close on the pro- and mesonotum, the pleurae, and legs ; on the scutellum, which is large and prominent, it is rather thin and fine; the surface of the head and thorax under the pubescence closely and finely punctured ; median segment short, abruptly and steeply rounded posteriorly, with a fine medial longitudinal furrow at apex not extending to the base of the segment ; abdomen smooth and shining, with transverse pilose bands, which \viden laterally on the apical margins of the basal 3 (sometimes basal 4) segments ; pygidial area large, densely pu- bescent. Black, the spines, calcaria, and claws of the legs pale ferruginous ; the pubescence on the head and thorax golden yellow, the transverse bands on the basal segments of the abdomen silvery, the short stiff pubescence on the pygidial area ferruginous ; wings flavo-hyaline, uervures and teguloe rufo-testaeeous.
190
SI'HEGIDjE.
Var. The mandibles, and the femora, tibifE, and tarsi of the legs ruFo-testaceous, the pubescence on the head and thorax rich ferru- ginous ; wings with a deep golden tint.
J similar, but the pygidial area covered wth short silvery
pubescence. . t.t . i m • r,
Bah. Sikhim ; Barrackpore ; Teuasserim ; North China. ^ . Length 17-19 ; eXjp. 35-39 mm. 6 . Length 18 ; ex20. 36 mm.
368 Tachytes modesta. Smith, Cat. iv, p. 299, 2 ; Kohl, Verh. zool- bot. Ges. Wien, 1884, p. 404; Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) ii, 1889, p. 136. 5 c? . Head — the vertex with some shallow scattered punctures ; thorax "very finely and closely punctured, abdomen shining ; the clypeus, face in front, the cheeks behind the eyes, the pronotum, sides and apex of the mesonotum, postscutellum, and median segment with more or less dense pubescence, long and very close on the clypeus and the sides of the median segment ; abdomen thinly pubescent, with transverse bands of glittering pile on the apical margins of the basal four segments ; pygidial area covered with dense and stiff (?) or sparse ( d ) pubescence. Elack, the pubescence on the head and thorax pale •V - golden, the transverse bands on the abdomen Fig. 42.~Tachytes and the stiff hairs on the pygidial area silvery ; ^M. 6. i the apical half of the femora, the tibi^ and tarsi testaceous red ; wings hyalme, witli a
faint yellow tinge.
Hah Mussooree (N.W.P.) ; Sikhim; Bui-ma ; Tenasserim ; China. $ d. Lencjth 11-15 ; exp. 23-28 mm.
369. Tachytes ornatipes, Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) ii, 1889,
p. 137.
A Very closely allied to T. modesius, Smith ; differs in the body,' eapeciallv the abdomen, being longer and more slender m the colour of the legs, which are black, the tibiae and tarsi of the anterior and the tarsi of the intermediate legs only being testa- ceous, and the tibi* of the intermediate and the tibiae and tarsi of the posterior legs fusco-testaceous ; the wings m T. ornaUj^es, too, are ITL whole, somewhat lighter in colour than in T. modesius.
k2 Barrack^ore, Bengal. d- Length 12; ea-p. 22 mm. Type in coll. Eothney.
370. Tachytes nitidula.
Crabro nitidulus, i^aJr. -ET^i^Syrf.n, p. 294.
Tachytes nitidula, Dahlh Hym Eur. i, p. 4,0, d , J^olU,
zool.-bot. Ges. Wien, 1884 P 404. Tachytes nitidulus. Smith, Cat. iv, p. 298; Cam. Mem. Mancn. u.. Ph. Soc. (4) ii, 1889, p. 141. ?. Head opaque, the vertex sparsely punctured, a deep
TACnTTES.
191
A-sbaped narrow groove behind the ocelli ; thorax finely and very closely punctured; the head and thorax pubescent, densely so on the ciypeus and front of the face and on the median segment laterally and at apex, the last somewhat more coarsely punctured than the mesonotum ; abdomen with the surface finely aciculate (pilose in some specimens), and dense pubescent bands on the apical margins of segments 1-4. Black, the pubescence soft and silvery, that on the pygidial area black and stiff ; wings hyaline, with a very light yellowish tinge ; nervures and tegulte testaceous.
S similar, but the pubescence brighter, and the bands on the abdomen broader.
Bab. Punjab ; Delhi ; Allahabad ; Barrackpore ; Madras ; Burma ; Tenasserim. $ d . Length 12-14 ; exp. 22-26 mm.
371. Tachytes vicina. Cam. Mem. Manck. L. Ph. Soc. (4) ii, 1889,
p. 140, rT .
c? . Head and thorax closely and finely punctured, pruinose, median segment opaque, the punctures dense with a tendency to run into transverse striae, especially at the apex ; the segment is about the length of the mesonotum and is roundly truncate posteriorly, with a shining central oval fovea at the verge of the truncation above ; abdomen pruinose, with dense pilose transverse bands on the posterior margins of the 1st to 4th segments above, the pygidial area densely pubescent. Black, the pubescence on the head and face, the median segment, and legs soft whitish grey, slightly fuscous on the vertex of the head ; on the ciypeus, on the sides and apex of the mesonotum, and on the apical bands of the abdominal segments it is silvery; wings flavo-hyaline, nervures and tegulffl testaceous.
2 similar, slightly larger.
Hah. Tirhoot, Bengal ; Burma. 2 ■ Length 15 ; exp. 28 mm. cj . Length 13 ; exp. 25 mm.
372. Tachytes vishnu.
Tachvtps virchu (laps, cal.), Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) ii, 1889, p. 138, d-
cJ . Head, thorax, and abdomen densely pubescent, very minutely and closely punctured under the pubescence ; ciypeus with the anterior margin depressed, narrowly smooth and shining ; vertex with a shallow depression, the ocellar region raised slightly, with a fine vertical furrow continued down the front from the anterior ocellus ; median segment not so long as the mesonotum. narrow posteriorly, the apex truncate, with a shining vertical furrow, the sides, top, and face of the truncated apex finely trans- versely striate. Black, dull and opaque, the posterior femora red, the posterior tibias rufo-fuscous ; the pubescence on the front and the ciypeus silvery with a distinct fulvous tint, that on the thorax hoary white ; on the abdomen the pubescence forms broad silvery bands on the apical half of the segments, the base of the 2nd segment with a very thin short pubescence having a reddish tint
IQ2 BPHEGIDiE.
in certain lights; pygidial area short, truncate posteriorly, and covered wiS a thin short silvery puhesceuce : wings hyahne, obscurely fuscesceut towards the apex ; nervures and tegulffi
*'S?Mussooree. d- Length 8; e.y. 16 mm. ? unknown. Type in coll. Eothney.
Genus TACHYSPHEX.
Sphex, pt., Linn. Syst. Nat. ed x, i, p. 569 (1758) Lyrops, pt., Latr. Gm. Crust. Ins. iv, p. 71 (1809)- Tachvtes, pt., Shuch. Ess. Ind. Foss. Hym.j^. m aQ?>n Tacliysphex, Kohl, Deutsch. ent. Zeit. xxvii, 1883, p. ibb.
Type, T.fUcornis, Kohl. Eange. Both hemispheres.
mg, 4:5. —Tacht/sphex testaceipes, (S . 5
cell usually mo„ truncate » .^eCa in jlS^tbe 2,,d broader appendicular ceU, eubilal J ^,,« '-'j .1 Ite legs
receiving botb recurrent ,J;™„trortbe underside at
t^tierrsir'n^ti.edia|t.^^^
.orreLTw.t;°retsL'ai5^ a- to tbo. o^
TACHYSPHEX.
193
Key to the Species.
A. Ilend, tliorax, and abdomen entirely black. _
a. Tarsi black ^. hengahnm. p 193.
h. Tarsi bright testaceous T. testacetpes, p. 193.
B. Head, thorax, and apical segments of abdo-
men black, basal two or more segments rod.
a. Pubescence on the head and face golden. T. auriceps, p. 194. h. Pubescence on the head and face silvery. a'. Median segment punctured.
d-. A medial longitudinal furrow from
base to apex of median segment . . T. argyreus, p. 194. h'. Median segment furrowed only at
the apex • ■ • T. enjthrog aster, p. 195.
v. Median segment transversely striate
above, obliquely striate on the sides . T. rufo-nigei\ p. 195.
373. Tachysphex bengalensis, Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soe. (4) ii^ 1889, p. 144, $ .
2 . Head and thorax closely punctured, median segment above somewhat coarsely reticulate, abdomen smooth, dull, and opaque ; head with the front, clypeus, and cheeks densely pilose, a A- shaped groove behind the ocelli, with a narrow impressed line or furrow rimning from it to the anterior ocellus ; clypeus raised in the middle, with the anterior margin narrowly transversely depressed, smooth and shining ; median segment short, broad, with a steep slope posteriorly, almost truncate, covered with a thin soft pubescence ; abdomen with the posterior margins of the 1st to 5th segments with broad transverse bands of fine silky pile ; pygidial area bare, shining, sparsely punctured. Black, the pubescence white, the dense pile on the front and cheeks, and the transverse bands on the margins of the abdominal segments silvery in certain lights ; wings hyaline, the apical margins narrowly pubescent.
Hob. Tirhoot, Bengal ; Tenasserim. 2 • Length 8-10 ; e.vp. 15- 18 mm. 6 unknown.
374, Tachysphex testaceipes, n. sp.
. Head with the front, base of the clypeus, and the cheeks densely pubescent : clypeus lightly punctured anteriorly, the margin slightly arched ; the vertex punctured, a deep A-shaped furrow behind the pad of the ocelli ; thorax and median segment with a thin soft short pubescence, the former closely punctured ; the scutellum prominent and shining ; median segment truncate posteriorly, above and at apex coarsely reticulate, punctured on the sides ; abdomen as long as the head and thorax united, massive, the posterior margins of the 1st to 5th segments with broad transverse bands of silky pile. Black, with a hoary appearance from the thin, short, white pubescence on the thorax VOL. I. o
194 SrHBGID*.
and the transverse pilose bands on the abdomen ; these latter and the pubescence on the front of the head and clypeus brilliantly silvery in certain lights; legs black, the tarsi and tibial caicaria testaceous, in marked contrast with the upper part ol: the legs ; wings hyaline and iridescent ; nervures and tegulaj pale testaceous.
Eah. Tenasserim. d . Length 7-9 ; eccp. ll-M mm. lype in the British Museum.
A true TachysjjJiea; ; the anterior femora conspicuously emar-
ginate at base.
375. Tachysphex auriceps, Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc (4) ii, 1889, p. 145, $ d-
2 Head densely, thorax more sparsely pubescent, the pu- bescence longer and most dense on the clypeus, the front and sides of the median segment ; head and thorax finely and closely punctured ; ocellar area raised, longitudinally furrowed, the furrow produced backward on to the vertex and forward on the front; behind the ocelli there is also a well-marked A-shaped turrow ; clypeus slightly produced anteriorly, arched ; median segment punctured, rugose, the apex transversely striate. Elack, the mibescence golden ; the apex of the femora, the tibite and tarsi, and the basal two segments of the abdomen red, the apical margins of the Ist to 5th segments with transverse medially interrupted bands of glittering silvery pile ; wings light flavo-hyahne, tegulse and nervures testaceous.
d shnilar, the pubescence more dense, the eyes above more convergent, the basal segments of the abdomen shaded with
^^^Rab. Bombav ; Bangalore ; Ceylon. ? . Length 11-12 ; exp. 21- 23 mm. d . Length 9-10 ; exp. 20 mm.
376. Tachysphex argyreus. , ,
Larrada argyrea, .^«nVA, C-^^'/^' P, ^'6, d ("^'^ 2 ); Tachysphel argyrea, Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) ii, 1889,
p. 143.
0 Head and thorax pubescent, finely and closely punctured under the pubescence, the eyes strongly convergent at the vertex ; clypeus with the anterior margin broadly rounded ; medinn segment very closelv and minutely punctiired, rouncUy truncate posteriorly, bearing- above an abbreviated medial longitudinal Eroove no^t reaching the base, but continued over the tmicate posterior face of the segment nearly to the apex ; legs with long fhTn pubescence; abdomen dull and opaque, the surface above finely aciculate. Black, the pubescence sdvery white, manddiles ferriLnTu with ihe tibia and tarsi rufo-testaceous : abdo-
men rXtbe margins of the segments with broad obscui^ bands interrupted alonf the median line) of silvery pile ; wings hyaline, iridescent.
TACHYSPHKX. — LARTIA .
195
Var. With the clypeus reddish, the 3rd-5th segments poste- riorly fuscous.
cJ similar, but with tlie pubescence and silvery pile more dense, the eyes more convergent at the vertex, and only the basal three and tiie apical abdominal segments red.
Hah. North-West Provinces : JMussooree, 7000 ft. $ . Lenr/lh 12 ; exj). 22 mm. cf • Length 9 ; exj). 14 mm.
'677. Tachysphex erythrogaster. Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soo. (4) ii, 1889, p. 143, $ .
5 . Head and thorax pubescent, rugosely punctured underneath the pubescence ; clypeus ti-uncate anteriorly, the sides oblique, labrum incised ; ocellar area raised, broadly furrowed down the middle ; median segment with a furrow at apex : abdomen with transverse bands of silky pile on the apical margins of the lst-5th segments above. Blade, the head and thorax covered with dense silvery pubescence ; the scape of the antennaa, the clypeus, legs, and the abdomen red, the transverse pilose bands on the last silvery ; wings hyaline, nervures brown, tegular pale reddish. Hah. Bombay; Bangalore. $ . Length 13; exp. 25 mm.
378. Tachysphex rufo-niger, n. sp.
$ . Head and thorax closely and very minutely punctured, the face, clypeus, and cheeks more or less densely pilose, the vertex with a A-shaped furrow behind the posterior ocelli, the mesonotum, scutellum, and postscutellum slightly shining ; the median segment above finely and transversely and on the sides obliquely striate, the apex roundly truncate and with the sides slightly pubescent; abdomen long, longer than the head and thorax united, segments 1-5 with transverse bands of silky pile on their posterior margins; pygidial area large, bare, and sparsely punctured. Black, the basal three abdominal segments red, the apical third of the 3rd segment with a fuscous baud, the 4th and 5th with their apical margins narrowly testaceous ; legs black, ■with the apical three joints of the tarsi reddish ; the silky pile on the bead and on the abdomen has a silvery lustre in certain lights ; wings very light fusco-hyaline.
Hah. North-West Provinces. $. Length 9-10; exp. 16 mm. <S unknown. Type in British Museum.
Genus LAERA.
Larra, LaU: PrSeis Caract. Gen. Ins. p. 116, 17 gen. (1796).
Liris, Illiff. Edit. Faun. Mrusc. ii, p. 101 (1807).
Tacbytes, pt., Lepel. Hym. iii, p. 239 (1846).
Larrada, pt., Smith, Cat. iv, p. 274 (1856).
Larra, Kohl, Verh. zool.-bot. Ges. Wien, 1884, p. 65.
Type, L. anathema, Eossi. Range. Both hemispheres.
o 2
196
SPHBGIDJE.
Head very little wider tban the thorax ; mandibles eniar- ginate near the middle of the outer margin, apex of the mandibles simple, not dentate ; eyes slightly convergent towards the vertex; ocelli irregular, the anterior being normal, the posterior two
more or less ill-formed or obsolete ; pronotum transverse posteriorly, not, or scarcely at all, depressed below the level of the mesonotum ; fore wing with one radial and three cubital cells, the radial cell appendiculated : the first cubital cell equal in length to the 2nd and 3rd united; the 2nd and 3rd much narrowed above towards the radial cell ; 2nd often almost trian- gular ; the 3rd elongate, rather tongue- shaped ; legs short and stout, the intermeu.>xt« .xu,«, w..^ one spur, the claws not particularly slender or long ; abdomen with the 2nd ventral segment normal, not convexly raised in the middle ; the pygidial area weU-marked, bare, without pubescence, punctured.
Fig. 44. La/rra carbonaria, 5 .
intermediate tibise with
■ Key to the Species. .
A Abdomen more or less red.
a. Front of head with a promment raised .
transverse margm or ridge -^^ Jusapennis, p. ±vi .
b. Front sulcate without any transverse
margin.
a' Median segment very finely and densely punctured, the punctures running into striaj: posterior wing clear hyaline
along its posterior margin sumatrana, p. 198.
b' Median segment not so densely punc- • tured; posterior margin of hind wmg .
fuscous ' ^
B Abdomen entirely black.
a Median segment coarsely reticulate. t ■ 1. los
a '. Of small size (L. 7 mm.)
b'. Of much larger size (L. 22 mm.) .... X. carbonarm, p. 198. b. Median segment punctured or striate. a'. Legs more or less red.
a''. Posterior femora only red.
a' Median segment closely and finely pimctured, the punctures running mto strisB above; hmd wmg much fighter in colour than fore ^ ^
wmg ■ • • •
53 Median segment not so finely punc- tured, narrowly reticulate along ^^^g ' L. matira, p.
b\ AU the femora, "tibiee, and tarsi of
legs red L. rujipes,^.^^.
LAURA.
197
b'. Legs Hack.
a'. Form very sleuder ; abdomen mucn louger than head and thorax united ; median segment coarsely trans- versely striate : length ]8 mm L. elegans, p. 197.
b-. Form not particularly slender, abdo- men not remarkably long ; median segment finely transversely striate : length 10 mm. Anterior ocellus normal, round . . L. nana, p. 200. ¥. Anterior ocellus elongate, pointed
in front and back L. nigriventris, p. 201.
379. Larra elegans, n. sp.
$ . Closely resembles Notogonia laboriosa. Smith (p. 204), in coloration, but the pile oii the face and thorax is more dense, and the bands on the abdomen brighter and more silvery, wings without the fuscous apical margins. In form and sculpture it is of course very different. Long and slender ; the abdomen elongate, about one-quarter of its own length, longer than the head and thorax united ; the pronotum not depressed ; the median segment coarsely transversely Fig. 45. striate, a medial longitudinal carina from
Larra elegans, 2 • base to verge of the truncated portion of the segment ; pygidial area bare, without pubescence, punc- tured.
Hah. Tenasserim. ? . Length 18 ; exp. 22 mm. <S un- known.
380. Larra fascipennis. Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) ii, 1889,
p. 126.
cj. Head and thorax in front finely and rather closely punctured, the punctures much finer on the scutellum and post- scutellum; clypeus and front to above the base of the antenna densely pubescent ; the front above transversely margined, the sides above the margin next the inner orbits raised, a deep trans- verse sulcation behind the ocellar region ; median segment longer than the mesonotum, posteriorly truncate, finely punctured, and thinly pubescent ; abdomen smooth, the posterior margins of the basal six segments with transverse thin pilose bands ; the pygidial area thinly pubescent. Black, the basal two abdominal segments red, with the centre above black, the margins of the basal six segments testaceous ; the pubescence white, the transverse bands on the abdomen silvery ; wings light fuscous, the basal cell of the fore, and the base of the hind wing clear hyaline.
Hab. Tirhoot, Bengal, d . Length 13 ; exp. 25 mm. Type in coll. Eothney.
198
381. Larra tisiphone.
Luri ada tiaiphoue, Smith, Jour. Linn. Soc. 1858, p. 103, 2 . Larra tisiphone, Kohl, Verh. zool.-bot. Ges. Wien, 18tS4, p. 248 ;
Cam. Mem. Munch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) ii, 1880, p. 125. Notogonia tisiphone, Birtffh. P. Z. S. 1896, p. 442.
5 . Head and thorax in front very minutely and closely punc- tured, opaque, the scutellum and postscutellum more widely punctured, head in front and clypeus densely pruinose ; median segment somewhat coarsely reticulate, steeply sloped posteriorly, almost truncate, with a medial narrow furrow down the middle of the steeply sloped portion ; abdomen smooth and shinino;, the basal four segments with transverse pruinose bands on their posterior margins. Jet-black ; the clypeus, face in front, the cheeks, sides of the median segment, the legs, and the transverse abdominal bands covered with silvery pile ; wings light fusco-hyaline and iridescent.
Hab. Ceylon ; Tenasserim ; Borneo. ? . Length 7 ; exj^. 14 mm. cJ unknown.
382. Larra sumatrana, Kohl, Verh. zool.-bot. Ges. Wien, 1883, p. 354 ; Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) ii, 1889, p. 12fi.
2 . Head on the vertex above, pro- and mesonotum, scutellum and postscutellum very finely and closely punctured, the front above the antennae with three deep sulcations, very smooth and shining ; median segment more densely and closely punctured than the rest of the thorax, the punctures nmning almost into transverse strise ; posteriorly the median segment is truncate, with the edge of the truncation above somewhat rounded, the sides of the segment are slightly compressed towards the base ; abdomen smooth, polished, pygidial area triangular, sparsely punctured. Black, the basal four segments of the abdomen dark red, the 5th and 6th black, sometimes slightly reddish; wings da,rk dull fuscous, the hind wing clear hyaline along its posterior margin.
Eab. Sumatra (KoJil) ; Tenasserim. 2 • Length 18-20 ; exp. 32-36 mm. <S unknown.
383. Larra carbonaria.
Larrada carbonaria, Smith, Jour. Linn. Soc. 18o8, p. 10^ 2 • Larra carbonaria. Kohl, Verh. zool.-bot. Ges. Wten, 1884, p. 242 ; Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) ii, 1889, p. 125.
2 . Head smooth and sparsely, thorax closely and very finely and evenly punctured ; abdomen impuuctate, highly polished and shinin<^ ; median segment about as long as the rest of the thorax narrowed slightly and abruptly truncate posteriorly, the edge ot the truncation above rounded, the dorsal surface of the segment somewhat coarsely reticulate, the face of the truncated apex coarsely transversely striate, a much abbreviated but marked
LARUA.
199
medial longitudinal carina at the base, and the truncated portion with a deep vertical furrow. Intense black ; wiugs dark fuscous brown, suffused with a rich purple effulgence.
Bab. Tenasserim ; Singapore. $ . Length 22; exp. 36 mm. Bare in Tenasserim.
384. Larra erratica, n. sp.
$ . Head and thorax finek and very closely punctured ; the clypeus transverse, much broader than long, its anterior margin boldly arched ; median segment long, as long as the head and rest of thorax ujiited, truncate posteriorly; above and on the sides closelv punctured, the punctures above running into transverse strife," the face of the truncation divided by a vertical furrow ; abdomen smooth, shining, and impunctate. Intense black, the posterior femora blood-red ; wings fuscous, the hind wing clearer, especially at base, the fore wing with a brilliant coppery efful- gence.
S similar, but smaller ; the face in front with dense silvery pile, the median segment with coarser punctures and a short longitudinal medial carina at base above.
Eah. Ceylon ; Tenasserim. $ . Length 15-19 ; exp. 24- 32 mm. 6 . Length 17 ; exp. 28 mm.
Eesembles L. glabrata, Smith, from Celebes, which, however, is more coarsely punctured and has all the femora red.
385. Larra simillima.
Larrada simillima. Smith, Cat. iv, p. 275, $ .
Larra sunillima, Kohl, Verh. zool.-bot. Ges. Wien, 1884, p. 247 ; Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) ii, 1889, p. 125.
2 . Head and thorax closely and strongly punctured, thinly pubescent; clypeus much broader than long, its anterior niargin arched, very slightly emarginate on either side of the middle : median segment long, very little more coarsely punctured than the mesonotum, concavo-truncate posteriorly, slightly constricted at base, and gradually but perceptibly widening to the truncated apex ; abdomen longer than the head and thorax together, obscurely pruinose; pygidial area bare, with fine lateral grooves and a few scattered punctures. Black, the basal four segments of the abdo- men red ; wings dark fuscous with a slight purplish effulgence.
Eab. India ; Africa (Smith) ; Tirhoot, Bengal {Rothnexj coll.). § . Length 20 ; exp. 28 mm.
386. Larra maura.
Sphex maura, Fdbr, Ent. Sj/st. ii, p. 212. Pompilus maunis, Fabr. Ent. Si/st. Suppl. p. 247. Liris maura, Fabr. St/st. Piez. p. 230. Larrada maura, Smith, Cat. iv, p. 277.
Larra maura. Kohl, Verh. zool.-bot. Ges. Wien, 1884, p. 245 ; Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) ii, 1889, p. 125.
200
SPHEGIDJE.
$ . Head and thorax minutely and closely punctured and thinly pubescent, head shining ; clypeus much broader than long, its anterior margin widely arched; median segment truncate, posteriorly closely but rather more coarsely punctured, at base narrowly reticulate, and bearing a medial longitudinal shallow i'urrow with, iu the middle, a carina along its length up to the verge of the truncate posterior portion ; abdomen smooth and shining, with transverse bands of siliiy pile, which are broadened laterally on the posterior margins of the Ist-Sth segments above, these bauds being only visible in certain lights. Black, the pubescence and pile silvery white, the mandibles and the scape of tlie antenniB in front ruib-fuscous, the posterior femora bright red ; wings very light fusco-hyaline.
Hah. Tranquebar {Fahr.) ; Northern India. $ . Length 15 ; exp. 24 mm.
It is with some doubt that I identify one specimen contained La the collection at South Kensington with this species. Of the 4 specimens labelled Larrada maura in the Museum, three are without doubt Notogonia suUessellata, Smith, having the pronotum depressed below the level of the mesonotum, the pygidial area pubescent, and the claws of the tarsi rather long ; the 4th is a true Larra, with the pronotum not or scarcely depressed, the pygidial area bare and punctured, and claws of the tarsi short. It resembles Larra glabrata, Smith, but is quite distinct from it, and possibly is the species described by Fabricius.
387. Larra nana, n. sp.
9 Head, pro- and mesonotum, scutellum and postscutellum smooth, opaque, the surface only finely aciculate ; median segment finely transversely striate ; head broader than the thorax, the eyes convergent towards the vertex ; the fi-ont sulcate ; the clypeus densely pilose ; the median segment as long as the pro- and meso- notum united, the sides densely pilose ; abdomen pramose, with indistinct transverse bands visible only in certain lights on the posterior margins of the lst-5th segments ; pygidial area large, bare, sparsely punctured, and with a shallow furrow along the lateral margins not reaching the apex of the segment. Jet-black, with silvery pile ; wings hyaline with a yellowish tinge, nervures and tegulee testaceous.
Hah. Tenasserim. $ . Length 10 ; exp. 16 mm. d unknown. Type in the British Museum.
388. Larra ruiipes. o -.onn o
Larrada rutipea, Smith, Jour. Linn. Soc. 1859, p. l/, ¥ • Larra rufipes, Kohl, Verh. zool.-bot. Ges. Wicn, 1884, p. ^4/. 9 Head, thorax, and abdomen pruinose, and very minutely
and closely punctured; clypeus much broader than long, trans-
LAHEA. — NOTOGONIA. 201
Yerse, anterior and basal margins parallel and boldly arched ; median segment above finely transversely striate, on the sides- smooth ; abdomen long, slender, with the pygidial area bare and punctured, the basal ventral segment longitudinally carinated and with some coarse strice on the margin ; tarsal claws long and slender. Black, the head and clypeus in front, the posterior margin of the pronotum,and broad transverse bands on the apical margins of the Ist^oth segments of the abdomen bright silvery ; the legs, except the coxae and trochanters, red.
Var. With anterior legs above and the base of the femora o£ all the legs dusky black.
c? similar, but smaller.
Rab. Celebes; Tenasserim. $. Length 13; exj>. 18 mm. d • Length 10 ; exp. 15 mm.
389. Larra nigriventris. Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) ii, 1889, p. 127.
5 . Head, thorax, and abdomen pilose ; clypeus short, broad, slightly projecting in the middle at apex and carinated ; vertex depressed, a wide furrow along the inner orbits, a medial shallow furrow on the front, bifurcating at the anterior ocellus ; posterior ocelli obsolete, anterior ocellus pointed anteriorly ; median segment above opaque, sides and apex striate ; abdomen long, slender ; pygidial area bare, with very fine punctures. Black, the clypeus with dense silvery pubescence; the rest of the head, the thorax, and abdomen with silky short silvery pile, seen only in certain lights ; the pile on the abdomen denser on the apical margins of the lst-5th segments, forming transverse glittering bands : wings light flavo-hyaline, broadly fuscous along the apical margins ; nervures and tegulse testaceous.
(5 similar, but vrith the median segment more coarsely striate.
Hab. Barrackpore ; Tirhoot ; North-West Provinces ; Poona ; Bombay ; Pegu Hills, Bm-ma ; Tenasserim. $ . Length 10-12 ; exp. 18-20 mm. S • Length 9-10 ; exp. 17-20 mm.
Genus NOTOGONIA.
Tachytea, pt., Dahlb. Hym. Eur. i, p. 468 (1845). Larrada, pt., Smith, Cat. iv, p. 274 (1856).
Notoofonia, Costa, Ann. Mus. Zool. Univ. Napoli, iv, pp. 80, 82 (1867).
Type, N. nigra. Van d. Lind. Range. Both hemispheres.
Head wider than the thorax ; mandibles incised on the outer margin near the middle, and with one blunt tooth on the inner margin nearer the base ; eyes convergent at vertex, especially so in the male ; the pronotum small and depressed below and under the level of the mesonotum ; fore wing as in Larra, with one radini
202
SPHEGIBjE.
and three cubital cells, the radial cell trunrate at apex and apppn- diculate, the cubital cells similar in size and form to those in the
fore wing of Larra ; legs longer than in that genus, with the claws of the tarsi more slender and much longer ; the intermediate tibiae with one apical spur ; abdomen long, the 2nd ventral segment with a marked con- aauj,-" vexity near its base ; the pygidial Wlr area,"especially in the female, covered with a dense short pubescence. Fig 46. Notogonia, like Larra and the
Kotogonia sulitessellata, I. majority of the other allied genera, is predatory on various species of crickets. I have often seen iV. subtesseliata, Smith, dragging, with immense labour and pains, a half-paralyzed cricket twice or three times as big as itselt to its nest-hole.
Key to the Swedes.
A . Legs more or less red.
a. Posterior femora only red; pile on the
L^lii? mm.' . ""t . .'"'r". . N. suUessellata, p. 202.
b. Posterior femora black ; pile on the
L^lisO mm.' . • • ^- ^O^-
^■^'-§^:tl^t;..., and legs golden .... N. ,e,lanata (var.) b. Pile on head, thorax, and abdomen LP- ^"•5-
silvery. . a' "Wino-s light fusco-hyalme, witli no tinge of yellow ; sides of median
segment obliquely striate • 2^. lahoriom, p. 204.
V. Wings hyaline, with a decided tinge ot
yellow. , (C-. Sides of median segment transversely
striate. L. 12-14 mm • • T^- .lacuMvix, p. 203.
b\ Sides of median segment coarsely
reticulate. L. 8-11 mm N. tnstis,^.
390. Notogonia subtesseliata.
Larrada subtesseliata, SrniM, Ca< IV, p. ¥• .. Notogonia subtesseliata. Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. hoc. (.4) ii,
1889, p. 130. . Larrada exiHpes, Smith, Cat. iv, p. ^/B, d- P Head and thorax very minutely and closely punctured, or Jnosf scuLllum bare, shining; median segment hney rugose nWP with a medial longitudinal carina not reaching the apex ?Je sides and the fl of die posterior truncation at the lateral marS transversely striate and densely pruinose ; abdomen dull,
NOTOQONIA.
203
opaque, the margins of segments 1-5 above with broad transverse bands of thin sericeous pile ; the pygidial area on the apical segment covered with short dense pubescence. Dull black, the pile on the clypeus, front, sides, and apex of the median segment, and on the abdomen silvery ; on the lateral margins of the pro- and mesonotum it has a golden tinge ; the short pubescence on the pygidial area yellowish ; posterior femora blood-red ; wings in the type specimen subhyaline, ordinarily, however, hyaline and iridescent.
c? similar, but slighter and smaller, with the median segment more coarsely rugose and transversely striate on the sides.
Hah. Northern India ; Barrackpore ; Poena ; Burma ; Tenas- serim ; Ceylon. $ . Length 11-13 ; exp. 20-24 mm. d . Length 8 ; exjp. 16 mm.
391. Notogonia deplanata. Kohl, Verh. zool.-bot. Ges. Wim, 1883,
p. 358, 5 ; Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) ii, 1889, p. 130. Liris hsemorrhoidalis, Bimjh. (nec Fab?:) P. Z. S. 1896, p. 443.
5 . Head, thorax, and abdomen more or less densely pruinose ; the head, pro- and mesonotum underneath the pile very minutely and closely punctured ; median segment long, as long as the head and thorax united, finely transversely rugose ; the striae slightly oblique at the base, from which a short medial longitudinal carina extends halfway down the length of the median segment ; abdomen smooth underneath the pile, with exceedingly minute close punc- tures. Black ; the head, thorax, median segment on the sides, the legs, and the abdomen covered with dense golden pile; the tibiae and tarsi ferruginous red ; wings flavo-hyaline, the apical margins broadly fuscous.
Vai: The tibiae and tarsi eoncolorous with the rest of the body, the wings not infuscated at apex. d similar but smaller.
Mab. Sikhim ; Tenasserim ; Ceylon. ? . Length 17-20 ; exp. 32-36 mm. d . Length 17 ; e.vp, 32 mm.
392. Notogonia jaculatrix.
Larrada jaciilator, Smith, Cat. iv, p. 279, 5 .
Notogonia jaculator, Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) ii, 1889, p. 129. ^
5 . Head, thorax, and abdomen pruinose ; the clypeus, face in front, and the cheeks behind the eyes densely so ; the head, pro- and mesonotum very minutely and closely punctured; median segment subcylindrical above, posteriorlv truncate, transversely and finely striate and pruinose on the sides ; abdomen dull and opaque, segments 1-4 pruinose, with the base of the 1st segment broadly, and large jjosteriorly rounded lateral spots on the segments 2-4 smooth not pruinose, the 5th segment with a narrow
204 sphegtd;e.
medial longitudinal streak, and the apical margin narrowly prui- nose ; apical segment with the pygidial area set with short stitt hairs. Black with silvery pile; the pygidial area with silvery pubescence, which in certain lights has a golden tint ; wings kavo-hyaliue, darker towards the base and along the costal margin of the fore wing ; the apical margins faintly f uscescent
Hah. Barrackpore ; Mussooree ; Poona ; Pegu Hills, Burma ; Tenasserim. ? 6 ■ Length 12-14 ; exp. 22-26 mm.
393. Notogonia laboriosa.
Larracla laborisa, Smith, Cat. iv, p. 278, 5 •
2 Head and thorax very closely and minutely punctured ; the clypeus and face in front lightly pruinose ; scutellum impunctate, polished, and shining; median segment slightly narrowed pos- teriorly, truncate at apex, above transversely and on the sides delicately obliquely striate ; from the base a slight longitudinal carina extends down the middle above, not reaching the edge of the truncation, this laat with a conspicuous central vertical furrow ; abdomen smooth and shining, the apical margins ot segments 1-4 with broad slightly pruinose bands, these bands boldly arched anteriorly, almost subtriangular. Black, witti cinei^ous pile, which on the face and clypeus has m certain lights a silvery tint; pygidial area covered _ with stilt black pubescence; wings hght fusco-hyalme, darkening at the apical
The Phihppine Islands ; Tenasserhn. $ . Length 12-13 ; exp. 24-26 mm. 6 shghtly smaller.
394. Notogonia tristis.
Larrada tristis, Smith, Cat. iv, p. 277, ? .
Larra tristis, Kohl, Verh. zool.-bot. Ges. Wten, 1884, p. 248.
9 Head and thorax in front very minutely and closely punc- tured, opaque; median segment as long as the rest of the thorax, Siy narrowed posteriorly, the apex abruptly truncate abovB and on tbe sides reticulate, the apex coarsely rugose and slightly pubescent; a medial, longitudinal, very fine and obscure carina fiom base not quite reaching the verge of the truncation, the fir of the latter with a fine medial vertical furrow; abdomen pruinose, dull and opaque, the surface finely a-culate ; egs with a short, rather thick pile on the coxae, femora and tibiae. Jet- black, the pubescence silvery, the clypeus and front of the face and along the posterior margins of abdommal segments 1-4 covered with silvery pile; wings flavo-hyalme, nervures and
^'It^TtSSm, extending into the Malay region and Borneo. 2 . Length 8-11 ; exp. 17-20 mm.
LI BIS,
205
Genus LIRIS.
Liris, Fah: Syst. Plez. p. 227 (1804). Tachytes, Lepel. Hijm. \n, p. 239 (1846).
Type, L. aurata, Pabr. Mange. Both hemispheres.
Fig. 47. — Liris ducalis, f . \,
Head a little wider than the thorax ; mandibles with no excision on their outer margins, the inner margin bidentate close to the base; face more or less richly pubescent; the convergence of the eyes as in the genus Notogonia ; the front puckered along the inner orbits and broadly furrowed ; ocelli — the anterior ocellus round, of ordinary form, complete, the hinder two lengthened, flat, hardly observable, and lying considerably to the rear of the anterior one ; the pronotum depressed beneath the level of the mesonotum, its posterior margin not transverse, but coming to a point in the middle ; wings — fore wing with one radial and three cubital cells, of the same form and shape as those in the genus Larra; legs, on the whole, a little longer than in Larra, and nearly as long as in Notogonia ; the armature of the legs in general well-developed ; intermediate tibias with one apical spur ; claws lengthened ; the median segment and the 2nd ventral segment similar to those of Larra ; the anal segment with a pygidial area covered with short stiff pubescence.
These insects, like most of the allies of Larra, make their nest-holes in the ground, providing as food for their future brood Orthopterous insects of various kinds. L. auraia may, like Notogonia subtessellata, commonly be seen struggling with a paralyzed cricket three or four times its own weight and size.
Key to the Species.
a. Wings dark fuscous, suffused more or less with a purple effulgence. a'. Eobustly, stoutly made, of compara- tively large size. L. 24-30 mm L. ducalis, p, 207.
206
spnBGiD;E.
h' . More slenderly mnde, of comparatively
small size. L. 16-18 ram i. 7u](/n;Be««w, p. 206.
b. Wings flavo-hyaline, apex fuscous L. /icemoirhoidalis, p. 207.
c. Wiugs fusco-'hynline, fore wing much
darker than hind winp: L. aurata, p. 206.
395. Liris aurata.
Sphe.Y aurata, Fabr. Ent. Syst. ii, p. 213.
PompiUis auratus, Fahr. Evf. Syst. Suppl. p. 250.
Liris aurata, Fabr. Syst. Fiez. p. 228 ; Kohl, Verh. zool.-hot. Ges.
Wien, 1884, p. 241 ; Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Sua. (4) ii, 1889,
p. 131.
Tacliytes opulenta, Lepel. Hym. iii, p. 246, 2 c? . Larrada aurulenta. Smith, Cat. iv, p. 276, pi. vii, fig. 5.
$ . Head and thorax densely pruinose above ; abdomen dull and opaque, with wide transverse pruinose bands on the posterior margins of segments 1-5 above; head, pro- and mesonotum very minutely and closely punctured; median segment long, as long as the rest of the thorax and the head united, transversely striate, and with a fine medial longitudinal carina not reaching tiie verge of the truncated posterior portion ; the face of the truncation itself with a short medial vertical carina, broad at top. Black, tbe scape and basal joint of the flagellum of the antennie. and the apical half or two-thirds of the femora, tibia, and tarsi of the legs a pale orange-red ; the silky pile on tbe face, pro- and mesonotum dense and golden ferruginous ; on the sides of the scutellum, postscutellum, and median segment yellowish ; the transverse bands on the abdomen thin and of a cinereous silvery colour; wings fusco-hyahne, suffused with a purplish tint, the posterior wings lighter.
Hab. Africa, the Cape, and Gambia ; throughout India, Burma, Tenasserim, and Ceylon; Borneo; Java; Sumatra; Celebes; China ; Japan. ? . Length 17-21 ; exp. 30-36 mm. 6 • Length 15-19 ; exp. 28-31 mm.
396 Liris nigripennis, Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) ii, 1889, p. 131, ?<^.
$ . Head and thorax dull, opaque, very minutely punctured, and densely pruinose, less so on the vertex and disc of the meso- notum ; median segment as long as tbe rest of the thorax, sub- cylindrical above, narrowing and abruptly truncate posteriorly, very finely transversely striate, and dehcately pruuiose, the truncated apex with a deep vertical furrow; abdomen long, the posterior margins of segments 1-4 broadly transversely pruinose. Black, the head and thorax with golden pile, the delicate pile on the median segment and the bands on the posterior margins of the abdominal segments white ; wings dark luscous with a purple effulgence, conspicuously paler across the cubital
""^/'aft. Sikhim; Bangalore; Poona; Tenasserim. ?• Length 16-18 ; exp. 29-34 mm. 6 ■ Length 12-15 ; e.vp. 24-28 mm.
LIRIS.
207
397. Liris ducalis.
Larrada ducalis, Smith, Jovr. Linn. Soc. 1861, p. 84, J. Larra (Liris) ducalis, Ko/il, Verh. zooL.-bot. Ges. Wien, 1884, p. 243.
2 . Head dull and opaque ou the vertex ; on the clypeus, front, sides of the face, cheeks, and occiput densely pruiiiose ; thorax, pro- and inesonotum, seutellum and postscutellum smooth and shining; the posterior margin of the pronotum, the lateral and apical margins of the mesouotum, and the sides of the seu- tellum and postscutellum densely pruinose ; median segment long, narrowed posteriorly, the apex abruptly truncate; above obliquely striate, with a medial longitudinal carina from the base of the segment continued over the face of the truncation to the apex ; legs short, stout, spinose, the anterior femora beneath pruinose ; abdomen smooth, not very shining, basal segment at base vertical, nearly truncate ; pygidial area set with stiff short hairs. Jet- black, with brilliant shining golden pile ; the pygidium with black or fulvous red hairs ; wings dark brown, with a rich purple effulgence.
Hub. Sikhim ; Burma ; Teuasserim; Ceylon; Celebes. Q.Lenqth 24-30 ; exp. 42-48 mm.
398. Liris haBmorrhoidalis. (PI. II, fig. 2.)
Pompilus hffimorrhoidalis, Fahr. Sijst. Piez. p. 198.
Liris savignyi, Spin. Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr. 18-38, p. 476.
Ljrops hsemorrhoidalis, Guir. Cnv. Icon. Rerjn Anim., Ins p
4-39, 5. ' f
Lyrops aureiventris, Gu6r. t. c. p. 440, pi. Ixx, & f. 9, . Liris orichalcea, Dahlb. Hym. Eur. i, p. 135, c? ."^ Liris savignyi, Dahlb. t. c. i, p. 471, ^ $ . Tachytes illudens, Lepel. Hym. iii, p. 249, 5 . Larrada hfemorrhoidalis. Smith, Cat. iv, p. 280. Liris hmmorrhoidalis, Kohl, Verh. zool.-bot. Ges. Wien, 1884
pp. 244, 266. '
? . Head, thorax, and abdomen covered with a dense, short silky pile above and on the sides ; beneath and the legs' bare •' median segment long, longer than the rest of the thorax, rugose above underneath the pubescence, obscurely transversely striate • on the sides it is finely and obliquely striate. Black, the base of the mandible, the scape and basal two or three joints of the flagellum of the antennae, the tegulse, the legs except the coxse trochanters, and sometimes the base of the femora, and the apical margins of the 4th and 5th abdominal segments above pale rufous ; the dense golden silky pile has a tesselated appearance on the abdomen, and is paler and longer on the median segment • wings flavo-hyahne, the apical margins fuscescent.
d similar, slightly smaller; the 2ad joint of the posterior tarsi a little ddated.
i/a6. Spain; Sicily ; Egypt ; Senegal; Syria; Aden; Western India ; Punjab ? . Lenc/th 17-24 ; exp. 32-42 mm. d . Lemth 15-20; exp. 27-3o mm.
208
BPHBGID^E.
Genus PARALIRIS. Paraliris, Kohl, Verh. zool.-bot. Ge.. Wkn, 1883, p. 361; id.im, p. 259.
Tvpe P. Icriechhamneri, Kohl. Range. Africa; Burma aud Tenasserim.
Fig. 4Si.—Pamliris faceta, ? . t-
Characters nearly those of Liris, ^^^^^^l%t.%^£x covered with soft thin pubescence, ^*^„f Be|nent
area bare and punctured, as m Larva ; 2nd venua g ^dthout the marked convexity occurnng m W
I know of only one species found within our limits.
399. Paraliris faceta, n. sp.
2 S. Head, pro- and -7^%— on^tf^^^^^^^^^^^ andabdomenspannglypunctur d the pun^ ^^^^^.^^
beneath coarser and more fP.^"^^'^^ ' ^pex, the sides con-
margin produced, in he xniddl^
sp cuously emargmate ; Irontana ^ g ^ transversely
p^ibescence ; median -gmen above ^^J^^^^f ^f^alteep slope to kriate, the stiia^ waved, postenoil^^^^^^^^^^^ ^^^^^^
the apex, the sides sparsely but ^eg"^^^! ^,,^5 down
pubescent ; from the base a fine edge of the
the middle of the segment not \" ^^^^J^^ ieal nwgius of rounded posterior slope ^ ^^'i^^.^^:' c^ Black,
segments 1-5 ^l^S^Jt win^ Ss olya suffused .ith the pubescence hoary wbite , wm^B j
' S'ti^^a; Tenasserim. 5 • LcngtU 18-19 ; e.,. 28-32 mm. Length Ib-ri; exp. 27-29 mm.
Genus LYRODA. Lyroda, Say, Jour. Nat, Sist fst^^- 372 (1837). Morphota, Smith, Cat. iv, p. 293 (1856).
^^^t^, Neotropic, and Oriental regions.
LTBODA.
209
Head wider than the thorax ; mandibles incised on their enter side ; eyes not convergent, the inner orbits nearly parallel ; ocelli complete and fully formed, placed in a wide triangle on the vertex ; pronotum long, not much depressed beneath the level of the mesonotum ; median segment short, about as long as the meso- notum, above rounded posteriorly, with a steep slope to the apex ; abdomen subpetiolate iu the Oriental species, longish, acuminate at
Fig. 49. — Lyroda Jormosa, J . ^.
apex ; pygidial area in the female covered with short hairs ; wing with the radial cell truncate at apex and appendiculate ; three cubital cells, the 1st equal in length, measured on the cubital nervure, to the 2ad and 3rd united, 2nd subtriangular or trape- zoidal, 3rd oblique, wider below than above.
Nothing is on record of the habits. Only two species are known from India, but no doubt others exist.
Key to the Species.
a. Basal two segments of abdomen red Z. formosa, p. 209.
b. Abdomen entirely black L. venusta, p. 210.
400. Lyroda formosa.
Morphota formosa, Smith, Jour. Linn. Soc. 1859, p. 17, J. Lyroda formosa, Kohl, Verh. zool.-bot. Ges. Wien, 1884, p. 267. ? Astata aro:enteofacialis, Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) ii, 1889, p. 151 (var.).
$ . Head and thorax opaque velvety, densely pruinose on the front of the head, clypeus, cheeks, pronotum, apex and sides of the mesonotum, and apex and sides of the median segment ; front with an impressed line from the anterior ocellus reaching up to the base of the antennas ; mesonotum with a wide medial depression anteriorly ; median segment finely rugose, with a medial longitudinal fine carina from base not reaching the apex of the segment ; abdomen slightly curved, subpetiolate, the margins of segments 1-4 above with broad transverse pruinose bands. Black, the basal two abdominal segments red ; the clypeus, front, cheeks, pronotum, apex and sides of the mesonotum, and apex and sides of the median segment with dense silvery pile, having VOL. I. p
210 sphegid;e.
a golden-yeUow tint ; bands on the abdomen pure silvery; wings
hvaline and iridescent. r»«^,y;, Hah. Celebes ; Tenasserim ; Barrackpore ; Sikhim. ? . Length
9-11 ; exp. 15-18 mm.
401. Lyroda venusta, n. sp.
9 Closely resembles L. formosa. Smith, and like that species is black with dense silvery pile on the front, the clypeus, cheeks pronotum, sides and apex of the mesonotum, sides and apex of the median segment, and the posterior margins of the lst-4th abdominal segments above ; bat the median segment is somewhat coarsdy reticulate, not finely rugose, and the abdomen has not the Zo basal segments red, but is entirely black. This species is also slighter and smaller than i./ormosa.
Hah. Tenasserim. ? • Length 7-8 ; exp. 12-15 mm. 6 . Length 6-7 ; exp. 12 mm.
Genus PIAGETIA. Piagetia, Riis. Ent. Month. Mag. ix, p. 121 (1872). Type P. ritsemce, E<its.
Banqe. Ethiopian and Oriental regions. . Head a little broader than the thorax ; mandibles incised on their ■^^^^ outer margin; eyes moderately con-
vergent towards the vertex ; anterior ocellus complete, round, normal ; posterior ocelli flat and indistinctly formed as in Tachytes, Tachysphex, &c. ; pronotum depressed below the level of the mesonotum, lengthened into a collar anteriorly; middle seg- ment about as long as the mesonotum, or a little shorter, narrowed pos- teriorly and roundly truncate; fore ^^e-^*^- . , 3 wing with one radial and three Piagetia fasciatipenms, c5 ■ ^ells, the radial cell broad and
1, 0. nt nnex aooendiculate ;' 1st cubital cell as long
^hJ .Tand 3rd SS; the 2nd t^apeziform, receiving both as the S'ld ana oi ^^^^^^^^ ^^e front
recurrent nervures legs ^^^^^ intermediate tibias with
tarsi femora in the male with a strong curved
one apical spur ; posteiK>r temo ^^^^^^ ^^^^^^ thickened
,p,ne or book on the^^^^^^^^^ of a curved spine ; abdomen w.th sometimes vvith an mQ ^^^j segment
nearly flat. l^^b^ts of the species of
thif ?enul"f ^hi^rso far as I know, only five have been
PIAGBTIA.
211
described. There is in the collection of the British Museuin a sixth undescribed form from Natal, received in the Museum in 1855, from Dr. Gueinzius ; and as one specimen, a female, is pinned above a cricket, as if in the act of carrying it, I presume it was so engaged at the time of capture. It is highly probable that all the species of this genus are, like the rest of the closely allied Larrid genera, predatory on Orthoptera.
Key to the Species.
a. Clypsus ( 5 ) with a medial carina, trans-
verse or incised at apex ; antennas entirely
red P. ruficorms, p. 211.
b. Clypeus ( 5 ) anteriorly with two teeth ;
scape of antennae only red P. fasciatipennis, p. 211.
402. Piagetia ruficorms, Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) ii, 1889, p. 133, $.
5 . Head, thorax, and abdomen opaque, the head and thorax ' very minutely and closely puuctm-ed, the surface of the abdomen above aciculate ; clypeus broad, transverse anteriorly, the sides oblique, the disc having a medial short vertical carina ; the front with a medial vertical furrow, and a broader curved shallow furrow on each side ; median segment with an indistinct carina down the middle, the apex of the segment strongly narrowed and truncate ; an oval, rather deep fovea on the posterior face of the truncation ; abdomen about the length of the thorax ; the pygidial area bare, distantly punctured. Black ; the base of the mandibles, the clypeus, antennae, pronotum, sides of the mesonotum anteriorlv, sides and apex of the median segment broadly, the legs, aiid petiole of the abdomen dull reddish ; the apical two joints of the antenna, the coxae of all the legs, and the femora and tibiae of the intermediate and posterior pair more or less marked with fuscous black ; the clypeus and front and base of the median segment with dense silvery pile ; wings hyaline and iridescent, with a fuscous subapical fascia from the base of the radial to the apex of the 2nd discoidal cell ; nervures and tegul^ testaceous.
ffah. Calcutta; Poona. $. Length 9-10; exp. 16-18 mm. cJ unknown.
403. Piagetia fasciatipennis, Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) ii 1889, p. 16, c?.
$ . Closely allied to and resembling P. ruficorms. Cam.; differs in the clypeus having two strong teeth anteriorly, in the median segment being broader at the apex, and the femoral tooth, which in ruficorms forms a mere tubercle at the base below of the posterior femora, being developed into a small but distinctly
212
SPHEGIDiE.
curved tooth. In colour P. faxdalipennis differs m having the red confined ou the head and thorax to the base of the mandibles, the clypeus, scape of the antenna, pronotum, the anterior lateral angles narrowly of the mesonotum, and the extreme apex of the median segment; on the abdomen the red extends on to the base of the 2nd segment, and the whole anal segment
'similar but smaller, with the femoral tooth very large curved, and strong. Wings in both sexes simalar to those ot
^'Stcalcutta; Eangoon, Burma; Tenasserim ; Ceylon. Length 8-10 ; exp. 16-20 mm. d . Lemjih i -9 ; exp. l(j-18 mm.
Genus LIANTHRENA, gen. nov.
Type, L. TcoUii, Bingh.
Banqe. Punjab, India. , Allied to Palarus, Latr. Head transverse, a little wider than the thorax, emarginate posteriorly ; eyes large, ovate, reaching the base of the mandibles below, their inner orbits convergent towa ds EhTvertex, but not oblique, widely arched outwards in he midd e
mandibles incised on their outer margin, the apex simple, the inner margin with two blunt teeth about the middle ; clypeus large, its an- terior margin arched ; antennas with the flagellum slightly but distinctly incrassate; front above the base of the antennae convexly raised, gibbous ; ocelli complete, round and subequal, the anterior ocellus being onlv very slightly larger than either of "the posterior ones ; the three placed in a broad triangle just above the frontal convex area ; pronotum
1 v,.lnw the level of the mesonotum ; scutellum and post- depressed below ^vei or t ^ ^^^^ ^^^^^ jg^g^l^
ecutellum large, ^l^g^ ^Xcal Tnd abruptly truncate posteriorly ; of the mesonotum, ^'^'^7 y^'^^^^^^'XiirTZtiLt. Legs short, the the episternal suture of ^e^^P^^^^^ '^^^^^^^^ ,|terior tarsi anteriorfemoranotemarginate at base b^^^^^^^^^
ciliated ; the intermediate coxj Xpo^^^^^^^^ tibi^ and tarsi
mediate tibia, -^^h one apicaW-^^^^^^^^^^ b^oad and
spinose ; claws s™ple^ Wings espec nay .^I'^s, the radial
ample; the fore wing mth one i^adid^^^^^^^^ ^^^^.^^1 cell acutely, diagonally truncate at apex^^^a^^^^^^^^
cells subequal measured th« c^^b al neivure ^^1^ ^^^.^^^ ^^^^
Fig. 51.
lAanthrena kohlii, $ .
IIANTHBBNA. — PALAIIUS.
213
ranged in one unbroken row. Abdomen about as long as the head and thorax united, the 1st segment concavo-truucate at basf , the 2nd ventral segment not couvexly raised, normal ; pygidial area ( $ aud <S ) bare, punctured, laterally ciliated with fine long hairs.
404. Lianthrena kohlii, n. sp.
5 cJ • Head, thorax, and abdomen smooth aud shining ; the vertex of the head, the mesonotum anteriorly, and the pygidial area on the apical abdominal segment more or less punctured, the convex raised space on the front above the base of the antennae marked with a brief medial longitudinal furrow ; antennae — the flagellum in the male with the apices of the 3rd and 4th joints dilated beneath ; median segment above very indistiuctly but finely reticulate rugose ; the sides smooth, a fine medial longi- tudinally-impressed Hue from the base of the segment continued over the margin of the truncate portion but not reaching the apex. Pale yellow, the apex of the mandibles ferruginous ; the apical ten joints of the flagellum of the antennae, a spot on the front above their base, two transverse spots above that, the region of the ocelli, a line behind the eyes, three parallel broad lines on the mesonotum, a T-shaped mark on the median segment above, a spot near the apex of the same, the sternum, the base of the coxae, aud the apical two, sometimes three or four, segments of the abdomen, black, the last sometimes also shaded with rusty red or fulvous ; a little fine silveiy pile on the clypeus and sides and apex of the median segment; wings hyalijie, uervures pale testaceous, tegulae ferrugmous.
Mab. The Punjab. $ c? • Length 8-9 ; exjj. 17-18 mm.
Genus PALARUS.
Crabro, pt., Fabr. Spec. Ins. i, p. 470 (1781). Philanthus, pt., Fabr. Syst. Piez. p. 304 (1804). Palarus, Latr. Hist. Nat. Ins. iii,p. 836 (1802). Gonius, Ju7-ine, Hym. p. 205 (1807).
Type, P.Jlavipes, Fabr.
Range. Palaearctic, Ethiopian, and Oriental regions.
Pig. 52. — Palarus : fore wing.
Head about as broad as the thorax ; eyes large, their inner orbits as a rule strongly convergent towards the vertex ; ocelli complete, the anterior ocellus round, large and distinct, the
214
SPHEGIDiE.
posterior two oval or elongate, sometimes (as in the only Indian species as yet known) round ; antenn® short, flagellum cyhndnca : mandibles "incised in the middle of their outer margin, general y dentate in the middle on their inner side. Thorax broadly oval ; pronotum small, not nearly so broad as the mesonotum, transverse ; median segment short, roundly truncate posteriorly, with a well- raarked space at base enclosed by convergent carinas. Legs stout, spinose ; anterior tarsi ciliated, intermediate tibiis with one apical spine, intermediate and posterior tibisB strongly spinose ; claws simple. Fore wing with one radial and three cubital cells, the radial cell broadly obliquely truncate and with an appendicular cell ; the 1st cubital ceU long, in all the species known to me longer than the 2nd and 3rd cubital cells united ; the 2nd cubital cell broadly triangular, very often petiolate, receiving both recurrent nervures ; the 3rd much broader on the radial than on the cubital nervitte, the lower apical angle of the cell generally rounded, the cubital nervure not continued beyond the apex oi the cell. Abdomen never petiolate, elongately conical, the margins ot tiie segments broadly depressed and constricted ; the end segment with a well-developed pygidial area bare and punctured ; the ind ventral segment obtusely produced in the middle.
The European species P. flavipes, Fabr., is said to provision its nest with various species of hymenopterous insects. Dutour gives a list of 18 genera, species of which were found among the victims of P. jiavipes.
*405. Palarus orientalis, Kolil, Verk zool.-bot. Ges. Wien, 1884,
? Palarus interruptus, DaMb. Hym. Eur. i, p. 468, $ . « 6 Length 8 mm. Black, head and thorax variegated with pale yellow. Abdomen above, the apical segment excepted, with pale yellow, shghtly interrupted transverse bands. Legs tor tlie ^reat^part yeUow.' Wings hyaline. The front wide f ro°g J convex ; the distance between the eyes nearly equal to the length of the 2nd-6th joints of the flagellum of the antennse Antennse somewhat thick, the joints beneath not produced. The 2nd and 3rdioints of the flagellum equal, half as long again as the ist. fhe posterior ocellf normal, round, not flattened, the anterior ocellus slightly smaller; the distance between the o^elb and t^e eyes not Ireater than between the ocelli themselves. Anterior iJ's norm?!. Mesonotum shining, punctured. Median segmen dlsLctly punctured, with a broad medial groove. The 3rd ventra Tgrnt without any gibbosity. The apical abdominal segmen with an acute spine on each side ; pygidial area distinct, somew hat flat, in part rugosely punctured, and slightly cannated mediaUy. " 2 unknown.
" Hah. Ceylon." Unknown to me.
MISCOPHUS.
215
Genus MISCOPHUS.
Miscophus, Jurine, Hym. p. 205 (1807). Type, M. bicolor, Jur.
lianc/e. Palfflarctic, Neotropical, and Oriental regions. AU the known species are of small size, 3-10 mm. in length,
vertex broad, transverse ; pronotum scarcely at all depressed beneath the level of the mesouotum ; median segment as long as the mesonotum or slightly longer, the apex more or less truncate ; legs longish, stout, the inter- mediate tibicB with two apical spines. Wings ample, the fore wing with one radial and two cubital cells, the radial cell not appendiculate ; the 1st cubital cell large, receiving the 1st recurrent nervure near the apex, the 2nd cubital cell triangular, petiolate, receiving the 2nd recurrent nervure almost at the apex. Abdomen pseudosessile, the apical segment without a pygidial area, conical.
Only one species is, as yet, known from India : it is in the collection of Mr. G. A. James-Eothney, and was placed in the collection above the label iVotot/oma pMfc/irijpe»Mizs* by Mr. Cameron (probably overlooked). The European species are said to provision their nests with spiders.
406. Miscoplms rothneyi, n. sp.
$ . Head, thorax, and abdomen opaque, very densely pruinose ; clypeus transverse, its anterior margin very widely arched ; pronotum in front with three or four transverse strife ; median segment long, as long as the rest of the thorax, flat above, some- what compressed at the sides, the apex truncate, a faint medial longitudinally impressed line from base not reaching the verge of the truncation, with a broad vertical furrow on the latter ; legs
Fig. 53.
Miscophus rothneyi, J .
and have the general facies of Larra and allied genera. The mandibles with an incision on the outer margin close to the middle, the inner margin not toothed, the apex simple ; base of the antennae low down on the front ; the flagellum filiform ; eyes very slightly convergent towards the vertex ; ocelli complete, round, and placed in a somewhat long triangle just below the vertex ;
* The description of Notogonia pulchripennis, Cam., would, in part, answer for the insect I have described above, which is a Miscophus, and not a Noto- gonia. I have failed to identify Mr. Cameron's N. pulchripennis.
216
bphegidjI;.
moderately stout and long, slightly spiuose and shining ; abdomen about the length o£ the thorax and head together. Head, thorax, and base of the coxa3 of the legs black ; the apex of the coxa;, the trochanters, femora, tibijB, and tarsi, and the abdomen pale red the mandibles, palpi, anterior margin of the cly pens, scape and basal joint of the flagellum of the anteunse reddish testaceous ; the whole insect except on the legs covered with a glittering silvery pile, giving it a cm-ious frosted look ; wings hyaline, apex of the fore wing very broadly dark fuscous and effulgent ; nervures and the tegulse pale
testaceous. .
Hah. Jeypore. Length 8; exp. 15 mm. Type in coll.
Eothney.
Genus GASTROSERICUS.
Gastrosericus, Spin. Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr. 1838, p. 480 ; DM Bym. Eur. i, p. 467 (1845) ; Smith, Cat. iv, p. 308 (1866) ; Kohl, Verh. zool.-bot. Ges. Wien, 1884, p. 408.
Type, 0. ivaltlii.
Eanne. Palsearctic and Oriental regions. • , •
Head a little wider than the thorax ; mandibles incised m the middle of their outer margins ; eyes only slightly convergent towards the vertex ; antennte in the male straight, not convolute ; anterior ocellus normally formed, round, the posterior two ocelli lengthened, flat, and placed on a convexity behmd which the vertex and front are punctured; pronotum depressed below the level of the mesonotum ; median segment formed as m the species of Tachysphex, steeply sloped posteriorly with the sides perpen- dicular, and nowhere is its area divided by impressed hues or folds. Wings— fore wing with one radial and only two cubital cells ; the radial cell broadly truncate at apex, the appendix slight ; 1st cubital cell very long, receiving the 1st recurrent nervure towards its apex, the 2nd trapeziform, nearly triangular recemng the 2nd recurrent nervure about the middle. Legs with the tibise and tarsi spinose, anterior tarsi ciliated, the cilia moderately long, but fine and soft; intermediate tibite with one apical spur; the posterior margin of the abdominal segments with transverse pilose bands ; anal segment with the pygidial area weU-developed m the female, subtriangular and set with stifE hairs.
Key to the Species.
a. Abdomen wholly black g- '^^^"J^^: f^^^r
b. Abdomen, basal two segments red G. im ongMom, p. / .
407. Gastrosericus rothneyi, Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) ii, 1889, p. 147.
0 . Vertex of the head and thorax very minutely and closely punctured; abdomen pruinose, the surface finely longitudmally
GASTEOSEEIOTJS. — PISON.
217
aciculate ; clypeus broad, produced anteriorly in the middle, the apex transverse, the front and clypeus densely pubescent ; the eyes parallel, the ocellar region raised ; median segment with a very slight slope from base and slightly narrowed posteriorly, the apex truncate, above finely transversely striate, the sides densely pubescent ; abdomen with the posterior margins of segments 1-5 with transverse pubescent bands, the pygidial area densely pubescent. Black ; the tubercles, the knees, a line on the tibiae behind, with the apical joint of the tarsi, white ; pubescence glittering silvery, with in some lights a golden tint ; wings hyaline, verv faintly fuscescent at apex.
Var. The apex of the scape and the whole of the tibiae a,nd tarsi white. In one specimen the neuration is aberrant, a portion of the radial nervure being obsolete, the 1st cubital and radial cells are merged in one.
Hub. Barrackpore, Bengal; Tenasserim. ?. Length 6-7; exp. 11-13 mm.
*408. Gastrosericus wroughtoni. Cam, Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) ii, 1889, p. 147.
Head wider than the thorax, pubescent ; thorax punctured and densely pubescent ; abdomen longer than the thorax, the surface finely aciculate ; clypeus anteriorly truncate ; vertex of head indistinctly furrowed, ocelli surrounded by a deep groove ; median segment steeply sloped posteriorly, almost truncate, above and on the sides finely rugose ; pygidial area bare, punctured. Black, the pubescence white, getting greyish on the thorax ; the clypeus, the face in front, the cheeks, legs, and posterior margins of segments 1-5 with silvery pile ; the tegulae, the anterior tibiae and tarsi, and the basal two segments of the abdomen red ; wings hyaline.
Eab. None given, but probably Poona, Bombay Presidency. $ ? (5 ? Length 11 mm. Unknown to me.
Qenus PISON.
Pison, Spin. Ins. Lig. ii, fasc. 4, p. 255 (1808). Tachybulus, Latr. Gen. Crust, et Ins. iv, p. 75 (1809). Nephridea, BruUe, Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr. ii, p. 408 (1833). Pisonitus, Shuck. Tr. Ent. Soc. ii, p. 79 (1837). Pisonoides, pt., Smith, Jour. Linn. Soc. ii, p. 104 (1858). Parapison, pt., Smith, Trans. Ent. Soc. 1869, p. 298, pi. vi, fig. 6.
Type, P. ater, Spin. Itange. Both hemispheres.
Head as wide as the thorax or wider ; mandibles without an incision on their outer margins, small, when closed concealed beneath the margin of the clypeus ; eyes convergent anteriorly, their inner orbits emarginate ; ocelli complete, rovmd ; pronotum level with the mesonotum or depressed below it ; median segment
218
SPHEQID^.
truncate at apex or steeply sloped ; legs simple, intermediate tibiue with one apical spm-. Neuration of the wings vari- able*— fore wing with one radial cell not appen- dicnlate, three or, by the obliteration of the 2nd transverse cubital ner^'^lre, two cubital cells (Smith's genus Parapison) : when three cubital cells are present, the 1st receives the Ist recurrent nervure near or at the extreme apex, the 2nd cell receives M—Pison the 2nd recurrent nervure in the middle, or near argentatum, or at the extreme apex, sometimes the 2ud recur- ? • T- rent nervure is received near the base of the 3rd cubital cell ; when only two cubital cells are present each receives a recurrent nervure, the Ist cell at the apex, the 2nd at or near the base. Abdomen pseudosessile, with the margnis of the basal two or three segments constricted above.
Key to the Sjjecies.
A. Fore wing with three cubital cells.
a. Head, thorax, and abdomen with silvery pile.
a'. Median segment posteriorly truncate or concavo-truncate. a=. Basal abdominal segment closely,
remainder sparsely punctured P. rugosum, p. 218.
b-. Abdomen with only a few scattered
punctures P mspicioaum, p. 219.
Aodomen impunctate, smooth and
shining ; ■ • • • P punctifrons, p. 219.
b'. Median segment rounded posteriorly, not truncate. a^. Median segment with a wide medial longitudinal furrow bearing a carina
down the middle P- argentatum, p. 220.
6^ Median segment with no furrow,
coarsely obliquely striate P. stnolatum, p. 2i!0.
6. Head, thorax, and abdomen -with golden
pile P- kohhi, p. 220.
B. Fore wing with two cubital cells.
a. Legs conspicuously red P- erythropus, p. 221.
b. Legs piceous brown.
a'. Scutellum and postscutellum longitu-
dinally furrowed. L. 9-10 mm P. agile, p. 222
b' Scutellum not fm-rowed. L. 7 mm.... P- rotMegt,V- ^-^i-
c. Legs black, no tint of red or brown P. obhteratum, p. l^l.
Division A. — Fore winy with three cubital cells.
409. Pison rugosum. Smith, Cat. iv, p. 313, ?; Kohl, T'^f' -f f f Ges. Wien, 1884, p. 188 ; Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. boc. (4; u, 1889, p. 118.
* I have taken specimens of Fison with three cubital ceUs in one fore wing, onlv two m the other Such seems also to be tlie case ^v1th the allied genus °r" J4a Erb;. Kohl unites Taranga ,o P.^. but f-m a cave ul e:.nnnnt.on of the type, I have come to the conclusion that they are distinct.
PIi30N".
219
$ c? • Head and thorax thinly pubescent ; abdomen smooth and shining, with the base of the 1st and the apical margins of the basal four segments thinly pubescent ; head in front rather closely and coarsely punctured, a transverse obscure furrow on the vertex behind the ocelli ; mesonotum in front, scutellum and postscutellum more sparsely punctured, shining ; median segment at base coarsely and obliquely striate, the apex concavo-truncate, a medial longi- tudinal farrow from base to verge of truncation, the furrow and the truncation transversely striate ; abdomen with the basal segment strongly, the others sparingly punctured. Black ; the pubescence silvery, dense on the clypeus, front, sides and apex of the median segment ; wings hyaline, nervures and tegulse testa- ceous, the 2nd recurrent nervure received in the middle of the 2nd cubital cell.
Hah. Mainpuri, N.W.P.; Calcutta; Poona; Burma; Tenasserim. 5 . Length 9-10 ; 16 mm. cJ- Length 8 ; exp. 16 mm.
410. Pison suspiciosum, Smith, Jour. Linn. Soc. 1858, p. 104, 2 5
id. Trans. Ent. Soc. 1869, p. 291 ; Kohl, Verh. zool.-hot. Ges. Wien, 1884, p. 188 ; Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) ii, 1889, p. 118.
$ S . Very closely allied to P. rugosum. Smith, and resembling it; but differing from that species in the shape of the median segment, which is roundly truncate with a medial longitudinal furrow, the furrow smooth and shining, not transversely striate ; in the abdo- men having only a few scattered delicate pimctures, with the base of the 2nd segment always transversely striate ; and in the neuration of the wings, the 2nd recurrent nervure being received at the apex and not in the middle of the 2nd cubital cell. These differences seem constant.
Hah. Burma ; Tenasserim ; Singapore. 2 c? • Length 8-9 ; exj). 16-17 mm.
411. Pison punctifrons. Shuck. Trans. Ent. Soc ii, 1837, p. 77, 2 ;
Smith, Cat. iv, p. 313; Kohl, Verh. zool.-bot. Ges. Wien, 1884, p. 188 ; Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) ii, 1889, p. 118.
2 c? ■ Head and thorax coarsely and closely punctured, the latter especially more so than in the closely allied species P. rugo- sum ; a deep transverse furrow on the vertex behind the ocelli ; median segment coarsely obliquely striate, the apex truncate, the truncation transversely striate ; a medial longitudinally impressed thin line from base to apex of segment, widening on the verge of the truncated portion into a shining fovea ; the clypeus, the front, sides and apex of the median segment with thin long soft pubescence ; abdomen smooth and shining, the sides of the segments posteriorly broadly pilose. Black, the pubescence silvery ; the wings hyaline, their apical margins narrowly fuscescent, the recurrent nervures interstitial with 1st and 2nd transverse cubital nervures.
Hah. North-West Provinces ; Sikhim ; Burma ; Tenasserim. 2 6 ■ Length 10-12 ; ex;p. 18-23 mm.
220
SPHBaiD^.
412. Pison argentattim. . ,,oo-7x m o
Pisonitus argeutatus, Shuck. Trans. Ent. Soc. n (1837), p. 79, ? . Pison argentntus, <SWi:/t, CW. iv, p. 314
Pison argentatum, Xohl, Verh. zoul.-bot. Ges. Wien, ]884, p. IBB.
5 . Densely pruinose ; the clypeus, sides of the face and of the median segment pubescent ; the head, thorax, and median segment very minutely and closely punctured ; scutellum large and prom- inent, a narrow rectangular depressed space at its base deeply and coarsely longitudinally striate ; median segment short, rounded i)osteriorly, and steep, with a wide medial longitudinal furrow having a fine carina down the middle, the sides of the furrow obscurely obliquely striate ; abdomen shining, the posterior margins of the basal four segments with broad transverse pilose bands, the basal with its apical margin deeply, the 2nd segment with its apical margin slightly depressed and constricted. Jet-black, the pubes- cence on the ciypeus, face in front, and sides of the median segment silvery, the rest of the head and thorax covered with a thin silvery pile, the transverse bands on the abdomen very brilliant silvery ; wings hyaline, the apical margins broadly fuscescent.
Eah. Mauritius ; Bombay ; Bangalore ; Tenasserim. ? . Lmujth 8 ; exp. 15 mm. 6 somewhat smaller.
413. Pison striolatum, Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. xli (1897).
A Head closely punctured, a small space beneath the anterior ocellus smooth, the clypeus and sides of the face densely prumose ; the anterior margin of the clypeus produced in the middle, emar- oinate at the sides ; thorax closely and coarsely punctured ; median segment roundly truncate posteriorly, coarsely obliquely striate and rugose; abdomen impunctate, shining, slightly pnunose, the base of segments 2-4 constricted. Black, the flagellum of the antennjB, the anterior tibias and tarsi, the intermediate and posterior tarsi, and the apical two or three segments of the abdomen obscurely
S'' Mussooree. d- Length 8; eccp. 14 mm. Type in coll. Eothney.
414. Pison koWii, n. sp.
Q Head pro- and mesonotum, scutellum and postscutellum very finely and closely punctured ; the clypeus and front as far as the sinus of the eyes, the cheeks, a line on thepronotum, the sides and apex of the mesonotum, the apex of the median segment, and ?he posterior margins of the basal four segments of the abdomen densely pilose or pubescent; the median segment short, roundly coS-truncate posteriorly, above with coarse longitudinal stri^ and a medial longitudinal fossulet, continued over the verge of tJe truncated portion as a narrow impressed hne, tbe face of the truncation transversely striate; abdomen long, massive, a httle
PISON.
221
longer than the head and thorax together. Black, the pubescence on the clypeus and apex of the median segment, and the silky pile on the head, the thorax, and on the margins of the abdominal segments shining golden; wings hyaline, the apical margins narrowly fuscescent, nervures ancl tegulso testaceous.
Fff6. Teuasserim. J . i^e?i(7</t 11 ; 20 mm. Allied to but quite distinct from P. aurifex, Smith, and other related Australian species.
Division B. — Fore wing with two cubital cells.
415. Pison erythropus.
Parnpison '•ufipes, Smith (nec Pisonitus (=Pison) rufipes, ShtwJc.
Trans. Ent. Sac. ii, p. 79), Trans. Ent. Soc. 1869, p. 299, ? . Pison erythropus, Kohl, Verh. zool.-hot. Ges. Wien, 1884, p. 186 ;
Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) ii, 1889, p. 117.
$ cJ- Head, thorax, and abdomen finely and closely punc- tured and shining ; the clypeus, front of the face, emargiuation of the eyes, occiput, cheeks, a hne on the posterior border of the pronotum, the sides of the median segment, and distinct moderately broad transverse fasciae on the posterior margins of abdominal segments 1-4 above pubescent or pilose ; the clypeus and front boldly convex ; the median segment rounded, posteriorly divided by a medial longitudinal deep furrow, the base of the segment with a row of short longitudinal striaa ; the abdomen pseudosessile, about the length of the head and thorax together, the apical margins of the basal three segments constricted. Black, the pubescence and pile silvery; the trochanters, femora, tibiae, and tarsi of the legs red ; the posterior margins of the basal five segments of the abdomen testaceous ; the wings hyaline, nervures and tegulae testaceous.
Hab. North- West Provinces. $ c? • Length 8-9 ; exp. 14-17 mm.
416. Pison rothneyi. Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. xli (1897).
5 . Head, thorax, and abdomen shining, very closely punctured, the punctures minute and very shallow ; the clypeus densely, the rest of the head, the thoi-ax, and abdomen thinly pruinose; median segment with a medial longitudinal furrow from base not quite reaching the apex of the segment, which latter is slightly concave and densely pubescent ; abdomen with the base of the 2ud strongly, of the 3rd segment slightly constricted. Black ; the apical four joints of the flageUum of the antennae and the legs more or less obscurely piceous ; the posterior margins of segments 1-5 of the abdomen narrowly shining testaceous ; the clypeus with silvery pile ; the pubescence on the apex of thd median segment fuscous ; wings hyaline, nervures and tegulae testaceous.
Mab. Barrackpore, Bengal, $. Length 7 ; e.^•j9. 14 mm. Type in coll. Eothney.
222
SPHEGir^.
417. Pison agile.
Pampison affilis, Smith, Trans. Ent. Soc. 1869, p. 300, ^ . Pison wrWa, Kohl, Verh. zool.-hot. Oes. Wicn, 1884, p. 186; Cam. Mem? Munch. L. Fh. Soc. (4) ii, 1889, p. 117. $ . Closely resembles P. erytht-opus. Kohl, but is a larger, more stoutly built insect, with the legs piceous brown, not red, aud differs also in the eyes being more convergent at top, the scu- tellum and postscutellum being divided by a medial longitudmal very shallow furrow ; the median segment is slender, with a steeper slope to the apex, and the abdomen is much larger and broader
Hah. Ceylon. 5 . Lmyth 9-10 ; exp. 11-20 mm. 6 shghtly smaller.
418. Pison obliteratum. o
Pisonoides ohUteratus, SmUh, Jour. Lmn. -S^oc. 18o8, p. iU4, ¥ . Parapison oWiteratus, Smith, Tr. Ent. Soc 1869 p. 299 Pison obliteratum, Kohl, Verh. zool.-hot. Ges Wien 1884, p. 1S7 , Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Fh. Soc. (4) n, 1889, p. ii/. 9 6 . Head, thorax, and median segment finely but not very closely punctured: abdomen highly polished, shining; the whole head, thorax, and abdomen covered with a thin erect pubescence ; the clypeus, the emar- gination of the eyes, aud transverse bands on the posterior margins of abdominal segments 2-4 with dense silky pile, the last only observable m certain lights; median segment rounded pos- teriorly, with a steep slope to the apex, a trian- eular depressed space at base, bearing coarse ' Fi. ^5_Piwo6- oblique striations,fi'om which a deep furrow runs l;ai«i 2 t to the apex of the segment, the furrow mth a , ¥ T transverse striae ; abdomen with the
h^,e of the 1st segment narrowed, almost petiolate, the apex Sy constricted. Black, the abdomen with ^Ij" fnnttint the apical margins of segments 2-4 testaceous ; the E erect 'pnbescJnce whitish, the pile on the c ypeus and abdo- ^uISJs silvery; wings hyaline, nervnres and tegd^ browish
Kumaun, North India ; Maulmain, Tenasserim ; Borneo. 5 c? . Length 8-9 ; exp. 15-16 mm.
Genus TEYPOXYLON.
Sphex, pt.. Linn. S^/st Nat ed. x, t. i, p. 569 (1758). Trvpoxylon, Latr. Precis Caract. Gen. Ins. p. i^i {f'd'o). Ap^s, Murine, Sym. i, p. 140 (1807). Type, T.figulus (Linn.).
SXa^tdetthrL™. o, . little wider ; n,.ndible.
TEYPOXYLON.
223
inner orbits with a deep indentation or sinus ; front and vertex often raised and produced in various ways, shield-shaped, strongly convex, &c. ; ocelli three, complete, round ; pronotum on a level with or depressed beneath the mesonotum ; median segment never truncate posteriorly, usually with a more or less steep slope at apex ; legs short, simple, or very feebly spined, intermediate tibiae with one apical spur. Wings usually short in proportion to length of body, the row of booklets on the costal margin of the posterior
Fig. 56. — Trypoxylon : fore wing.
wing interrupted in the middle ; fore wing with one radial cell not truncate at apex nor appendiculate, and two cubital cells, but the 2nd almost obsolete, defined by such faint nervures that it is somewhat difficult to detect except in a strong light ; abdomen elongate, basal segment formed into a slender petiole, 2nd segment petiolate at base, usually very slightly increasing in thickness towards the apex, 3rd a little thicker, 4th and 5th subequal ; apical segment in female conical acute, in male arched or truncate.
The species of this genus construct their nests of clay, making delicate little shells, granular on the outside and somewhat lengthened in shape ; these they store with mimite spiders as food for their larvse. Home found their nests built on straws ; I have only once found a nest so built.
Trypoxylon pileaium, which is very common in Burma, usually selects the folds of an unopened newspaper lying on the table in the verandah, or the ends of a closed book, on which to construct its fragile little nests. I have also seen T. bicolor carrying clay to an old nail- or screw-hole in the walls or doors of the house.
Key to the Species.
A. Median segment with a medial longitudinal furrow, and two lateral convergent furrows enclosing a triangular space at base of seg- ment.
a. Head produced into a shield-shaped promi-
nence on front T. pileatum, p. 224.
b. Fi'ont with a more or less marked furrow
down the middle. a'. Triangular space at base obscurely
transversely striate T. intrudens, p. 224.
v. Trianijular space at base smooth.
d^. Medial furrow broad, transversely striate, continued down to apex of
segment T.camUculatum,Tp.225.
b^. Medial furrow comparatively nar- rower, interrupted about middle of the segment by a transverse hollow T. buddha, p. 225.
224
SPHEGIDjE.
B. Median segment with a medial longitudinal tut no lateral furrows. a Stoutly made and densely pubescent; pubescence and pile on head and thorax
aoldeu • • " '
h More slenderly made, pubescence not so dense ; pubescence and pile on head and thorax silvery.
tcJr. T. —0., p. m
b' Front with a carina between base ot
wholly black T.reJector,,.226.
b"". hegs blacl?, variegated with ruto- testaceous. a3. Abdomen black, 2nd and 3rd seg-
ments red ■ • • • ' ^
J3 Abdomen red, basal segment (pe-
tiole) only black T. gracikm P- 227.
419 Trvpoxylon pileatum. Smith, Cai. iv, p. 377, ^^KM,Verh^ S hot. Gel Wien, 1884, p. 206; Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph.
ifgrica^ns! Ca^. Mer.. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) ii, 1889,
p. 119.
0 ^ Head-the clypeus densely pilose the front above the 5^ (J. iieaa huv yyi' . • i j ^u„ng(j form rounded above, antennae produced .^^ ^^^^^P
triangular, and runmng into a sbarp^c^^^^^^ ^^^^
lateral angles of the shield a short carina runs into the emargination ot the eyes, beneath which on each side the face is hollowed and smooth ; the anterior ocellus is placed in the top of the shield, the posterior two oceUi above it: mesonotum, scutellum, and post- w scutellum smooth and shining ; median
7 BPP-ment with an enclosed subtnan-
^*^»r X ™ce .t base, e-osur^HJ^ ^ a medial transversely striate turrow
continued down from the apex ^If^^^'^^^^^^^^^^ of the segment; P^^^^^f ' ^^t\han twL the the head
^^S'So~al; Madras; Ceylon., Burma; Tenas- serfm ^ <i ■ Length 9-12 ; e.p. 14-16 mm.
&„cA£m-So..(4)ii,1889,p.ll9. 5 Head minutely and somewhat closely punctured, the
TRTPOXTLOX. 225
punctures shallow ; the clypeus, front up to the emargination of the eyes, and cheeks delicately pilose ; a shallow vertical furrow Irom the anterior ocellus meeting a short carina running up from between the base of the antennce ; thorax smooth, shining, and sparsely punctured ; a line on the pronotum, the sides and apex of the mesonotum, the pleuraj, and the sides and apex of the median segment pilose ; median segment long, steeply sloped at apex ; a transversely striate and medially furrowed triangular space at base enclosed by deep posteriorly convergent furrows ; the obliciuely truncated portion also with a medial furrow ; abdomen long, about twice the length of the head and thorax united. Black, with glittering silvery pile ; the 2nd and 3rd abdominal segments red, shaded with fuscous above; legs testaceous, variegated with black; wings hyaline and iridescent; nervures and tegulaj pale testaceous.
Hah. North-West Provinces, India; Ceylon; Burma. 9 cJ Length 9-10 ; exp. 12—15 mm.
421. Trypoxylon canaliculatum, Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph Soc (4)
11, 1889, pp. 118, 122. ■ ^ '
? . Closely allied to and resembling T. intrudens, Smith, but the eyes beneath are closer, the clypeus is bluntly carinated in the middle, the apex recurved ; the median segment has a more gradual slope and the enclosed triangular space at its base is smooth, the medial and lateral furrows only being transversely striate.
Hab. Barrackpore; Tirhoot; Mussooree. $. Lenqth 8-10- exp. 12-13 mm. '
422. Trypoxylon buddha, Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc U) ii 1889
pp. 118, 119. \ I ' )
$ . Head, thorax, and abdomen shining, covered all over with a very thin short pubescence ; clypeus and the emargination of the eyes densely pdose : the front raised, convex, divided by a deep furrow which joins on below to a prominent carina above the bases of the antenna ; the front covered with coarse punctures • median segment coarsely transversely striate, a subtriangular 'space at base enclosed by deep convergent furrows meeting about midway down the slope of the segment, the enclosed space with a medial broad turrow, beyond the apex of which the segment is transverselv excavated ; abdomen long, curved, the apex of the petiole swollen larger than the apex of the 2nd segment. Jet-black, the thin short pubescence hoary white, the pile on the clypeus and Face shining silvery ; wings hyaline and beautifully iridescent, nervures and tegula) testaceous brown.
ira6 Barrackpore, Bengal 2 • Length 9; exp. 12 mm d unknown. Type in coll. Eothney.
VOL. I.
Q
226 SPHBGID^.
423 TrVDOXVlon coloratum, SmitJi, Jour. Linn. Soc. 1858, p. 106, S ; A-ohl, Verh. zool.-hot. Ges. Wien, 1884, p. 203; Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) ii, 1889, p. 118. 9 . Not so slenderly made as the majority of the species of this genus. Head, thorax,' and abdomen densely pubescent, the pubes- cence long and soft on the civ pens, the front cheelts behmd the eyes, on the pronotum, the front, sides, and apex of the mesonotum, the scutellum, postscutellum, median segment, and pleur[E, shorter and less dense on the abdomen ; the legs pilose ; the head and thorax underneath the pubescence moderately punctured; the disc of the mesonotum and the middle of the median segment smooth and shining ; the latter long, with a gradual slope to the apex, and a short medial longitudinal groove widening about mid- way into a deep shining broad hollow, and another longer wider fovea on the slope of the segment; clypeus long, subt^nangular, convex, the apex broadly rounded ; the front with a small tubercle above the base of the antennae. Black, the pubescence golden ; the mandibles, the apical margin of the clypeus, the scape and basal four joints of the flagellum of the antennjE the posterior margin of the pronotum, the tubercles, the petiole of the abdomen ben, ath, the base of the 2nd and 3rd, and the apical margins of the 3rd 4th, and 5th segments above pale testaceous red ; the legs testaceous, variegated with black; wings hyaline and iridescent, nervures and tegulse testaceous.
J similar, the abdomen more or less rufo-fuscous with the apex
^%b. Tenasserim; Borneo. 2 ^ Length 20 ; ea=p. 2S mm. cj slightly smaller. Type in the British Museum.
424 TrvDOXVlon obsonator, Smith, Trans. Ent. Soc. 1873, p. 194, ? 6 ; Kohl, Verh. zool.-bot. Ges. Wien, 1884, p. 205. 2 Closely resembles T. bicolor, but is constantly larger, the front above the base of the antennae bears a small tub^rc e nstead of a carina, the medial furrow on the medann segment is bl-oader and not interrupted in the middle, and the head and thornx are more densely pubescent and pilose. , , , ,
i Differs from the female in having the antennae blade beneath not rufo-fulvous, and a fuscous patch at the base of the 2nd
nTL\Tsrm\t;:n. 2..L..,..15-18; ..^.26-28mm.
tam Mem. Munch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) ii, 1889, p. 119. "0 Length 5i lines (11 mm.). Black, with the 2nd and Srd segments of the abdomen red, the legs black.
"Srd the clypeus, and the emargination of the eyes silvery ; tins the mandibles ferruginous, the palpi pale testaceous; an mpressed line in front of the anterior ocellus, terminating at an
TBYPOXYLON".
227
elevated carina just before the insertion of the antenurc. Thorax smooth and shining on the disc ; the sides of the metatliorax with silvery pubescence, and a smooth enclosed space at its base divided by a central channel, beyond the enclosure it divides iiito a deep and wide fossulet : wings subhj^iline, their apical margins clouded and beautifully iridescent ; legs entirely black. Abdomen with a long petiole, smooth and shining ; the' second and third segments red, their apical margins more or less fuscous. " Hah. Mainpuri, North-West Provinces.
"This species was bred from cells constructed by PterocUlus pulchellus."
426. Trypoxylon hicolor. (PI. II, fig. 5.)
S7nitk, Cat. iv, p. 377, $; Kofil, Verh. zool.-bot. Ges. Wien, 1884, p. 203 ; Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) ii, 1889, p. 118. Trypoxylon accumulator, Smiih, Trans. Ent. Son. 187.5, p. 38, 2 . Trvpoxylon tinctipennis, Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) ii, 1889, pp. 119 & 121. ^ ' '
2 c? • Clvpeus, the front above the antennae, the emargination of the eyes, the cheeks, the pronotum in front, the sides and apex of the raesonotum, the sides of the median segment, and the pleurffi pubescent ; the pubescence or pile dense on the elypeus, the cheeks, pleurae, and sides of the median segment ; the front and vertex of the head minutely and closely punctured, somewhat opaque ; the antennal carina short, prominent ; the front vertically furrowed; the pro- and mesonotum, scutellum, postscutellum and median segment smooth and shining in the middle, the last with a submterrupted medial longitudinal furrow, broadening above and below the posterior slope of the segment ; abdomen smooth and shining, obscurely pilose. Black, the pubescence silvery • the mandibles, the anterior tibiaj in front, the tarsi, the base of the intermediate and posterior tibis and tarsi rufo-testaceous ; the apex ot the petiole and the 2nd and 3rd segments of the abdomen ferruginous red ; wings hyaline and iridescent, the nervures and teguiffi testaceous.
iTaft. Sikhim; Burma; Tenasserim; Singapore; Java. Qd. Length 12-15 ; e.rp. 18-23 mm.
427. Trypoxylon gracHescens, Smith, Jour. Linn. Soc. 1861, p. 85, 2- 2-.Clypeus front to a little above the base of the antenna
the sinus ot the eyes, the inner narrowly and the outer orbits broadly, a line on the pronotum, the sides and apex of the meso- notum and ot the median segment densely pilose, the rest of the head and thorax smooth and shining; the front divided by a vertical furrow, on each side of which the face is convexly raised • median segment with a medial longitudinal shght furrow horn base to verge of oblique portion of segment, thence to apex broadly channelled ; abdomen smooth. Head, thorax, and petiole of abdomen black ; the apex of the elypeus, the scape of the autenn£D
q2
228 BPHBGID^.
and the legs, except the bases of all the cox£e and the posterior femora in the middle, testaceous ; mandibles ferraguious, liagellum of the antpnnte piceous ; 2nd and succeeding segments ot the abdomen red, the pile on the bead and thorax bright sdvery ; wuigs hvaline and iridescent, nervures brown, tegulaj pale testaceous.
' Hab Not uncommon in Southern Tenasserim ; described origi- nally from Makassar in Celebes. $ . LemjtU 13 ; exp. 20 mm.
cJ unknown.
Genus AMMOPHILA.
Sphex, pt., Linn. Faun. Suec. p. 411 Ponipilus, pt., Fabr. Lnt. Syst. Supp. p. 246 (1798) Pelojoeus', pt. ; Pepsis, pt., Fabr. pp. 202 & 207 (1804).
Ammophila, Eirhj, Trans. Lmn. 'S'^''' i^' P- Jf. (^°"f> Psammophila, pt., Dahlh. Hym. Fur. i, p. 431 (1845). Parapsammophila, pt., Taschenb. ZMsc.hr. ges. Nat. Saclis. Thur xx.xiv, p. 429 (1869). Type, A. sahtdosa. Linn.
Ranqe. Over both hemispheres. „ . , ^t. In the fore wing the 2nd cubital cell reeeives both recurrent
nervures; the thu-d cubital is sub- triaugular, much narrowed towards the radial cell. The fore tarsi (?) strongly, (d) feebly ciliated on the outer side, with stiff hairs and spines. Body lengthened and slender, more slender than in Sceliphron.—The female II \W makes burrows in the ground and
^ stores her nest with either caterpillars
AmmopMa^atripcs, ^. \. or spiders.
Key to the Species.
A. Petiole of atdomen two-jointed.
a. Pro- and mesonotum, and the median segment striate. a'. Le?s red. .• i
a-. Median segment above reticmate, • „ n ,i 990
not striate, along the middle. . . . A. atnpes ? , p. 229.
6^. Median .segment above transversely striate along the middle. . . . . . • ■
a^. The middle portion ot the median segment at base above
Sd into a V-form A. humberhana, p. 230.
63 The middle portion of the median segment at base above not raised, rounded. a* Pro- and mesonotum marked „ .9Qn
"th red <^»'"'''"'''' P'
M.^Pro- and' mesonotum" black. . A. basalts, p. 231.
6'. Legs black. . • i j.
a\ Median segment above reti-nilate, , P- 229.
not striate, along the middle .... A. atnpes a , p.
AMMOPHtLA.
229
b'. Median segment above transversely or obliquely striate along the middle.
a'. Mesonotum raised in tbe middle, ■with a longitudinal furrow on
each side A. myabunda, p. 231.
i'. Mesonotum not raised in the
middle nor sulcata A. nigripes, p. 231.
b. Pro- and mesonotum punctured, not striate, median segment only striate. a'. Legs red.
n^. Posterior tibiae and tarsi black . . A. lavigata, p. 231. i*. Posterior tibiffi and tarsi red. a". Abdomen wholly red, or red with all the segments above fuscous
black A. elegans, p. 232.
b^. Abdomen with segments 5 and 6
always entirely black A. smithii, p. 232.
b'. Legs black.
a-. Abdomen massive, broad and slightly flat; median segment
not carinated A. brevipennis, p. 232.
¥. Abdomen more or less cylindrical, acutely pointed at the apex, not flat ; median segment with a
marked medial longitudinal carina. A. punctata, p. 233. B. Petiole of abdomen one-jointed. a. Tarsal claws unidentate.
a'. Legs and petiole red A. fuscipennis, n. 233.
b . Legs and petiole black.
a\ Aledian segment punctured, not
.2 ^f^^^^ -4. lata, p. 234.
b . Median segment obliquely striate, with a medial longitudinal furrow
bearing a carina down the middle . A. Mrticeps, p. 234. c^. Median segment transverely striate above and on the sides and not furrowed. a^. Abdomen red and black ; wings
.V^^^^*^ • • • A.apicata,-a.2U.
b^. Abdomen wholly black ; wings
, m 1 /a'^'i fiisco-hyaline A. mandibulata, -p. 23i.
b. Tarsal claws bidentate a. erythrocephala, p. 23-5.
A. Petiole of abdomen two-jointed.
428. AmmopMla atripes, Smith, A. M. N. H. (2) ix, 1852, p. 46 ; id. Cat. IV, p. 217 ; Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Sac. (4) ii, 1889, p. 93. \ J ' >
Ammophila simillima, Stnith, Cat. iv, p. 217.
Ammophila pulchella, Smith, Cat. iv, p. 218.
? Ammophila longiventris, Sattss. Novara-Reise, Hum. p. 24 V
Ammophila spinosa. Smith, A.M.N. H. (4) xii, 1873, p. 259, 9
p™93 '^*94 ' ^- ("^) 1889,
$ . Head, legs, and abdomen smooth and shining ; pronotum,
230 SPIIECilDiE.
mesonotum anteriorly, and the sides of «XriU transversely striate, the scutellum and postscutellum ^^i^f^^'^u^^l^ striate; the middle ol: the median segment above hnely reticulate clvpeus subtriangular, slightly convex, its anterior mai-gin aiThed front at the base of the antenna) concave. Black ; the femora t biiB, basal two joints of the tarsi, the petiole, and basal segment pint of petiole) of the abdomen red ; rest ot the abdomen blue-b ack, which colour extends more or less on to the basal L-ment above ; the scape and basal joint ot the flagellum of the antenna dull r;d, the apical joints of the tarsi black; wings light fnsco-hyaline with a yellowish tinge.
^ Similar in colour and sculpture, but with the petaole of the abdomen, the legs, and the scape and basal joint of ^^^^ J^nn. also black, the petiole only being slightly reddish beneath, the abdomen covered with a short fine silvery pile.
Hab. India; Burma; Tenassenm ; Ceylon; China^ ol,;,,^ 18-30 • eccp. 36-40 mm. 6 • Length 23-2/ ; e.i^^j 30-33 mm
I havelarefuUy examined the types of A .«n^^^.ma, and s^nnosa, all in the British Museum and -mpared them vv th the type of atrij^es, also the type of A. buddha, Cam., m Mi. Koto nev's collection A. lorujiventris, Sauss., I have not seen, but the SScri,;t° on exactly corresponds with that of A.2Mella, Smith= atripes (5 .
*429. Ammophila humljertiaiia, Sauss NamrMe.Hym. p. 26, $ ; Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Fh. Soc. (4) ii, 1889, p. 93.
Q Verv closely allied and similar to A atripes Smith, of which this miv oK be an extreu.e form. According to the descrip ion it differ^ ^ sculpture of the metanotum, which is " postice obhque f V- 0 mam etato-strigato," and in the colour of the antenn., which have the basal segments of the flagellum red.
Eab. Ceylon. $ . Length 28 ; wmg 17 mm.
430 Ammophila dimidiata, Smith, Cat.Jv, p. 216, $; Cam. Mem. ' Manch. L. Ph. Sue. (4) ii, 1889, p. 93.
.Women ™»»*- fj^»°'^' pZoUm, t..o m»ks autenorly
metallic blue. , , 4.p„„im and basal five
Var. The whole of ^^e mesonotum the te|u^^, a^ ^
joints of the flagellum of the antenna red , vMngs na y '"S" Bengal; Madras. 2- Length 22-28; e.p. 31 mm. ^"^^nknown ' Type in the British Museum.
AMMOPHinA.
231
481. AmmopMla basalis, SmM, Cat. iv, p. 214, $ ; Cam. Mem. Maiich. L. Ph. Hoc. (4) ii, 1889, p. 93. Ammophila orieutalis. Cam. Mem. Manch. L. I'h. Sue. (4) ii, 1889, pp. 93 & 9G.
$ . Closely allied to A. atripes. Smith, but a much smaller and slijjiiter iusect, and differing in having the median segment both at the sides and above very finely transversely striate, not reticulate, and in colour in having the basal segment, and basal half, two- thirds, or whole of the following segment of the abdomen red. This coloration is constant in all the specimens I have seen.
Hah. The Punjab ; N.W. India. $ . Length 20-22 ; ewp. 28- 30 mm. c? unknown.
432. Ammophila vagabunda, S7nith, Cat. iv, p. 218, $ ; Cam. Mem.
Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) ii, 1889, p. 94. Ammophila spinipes. Smith, 2nd Yark. Miss., Hym. p. 16.
2 . Head smooth, with a few scattered shallow punctures, the front deeply concave ; the clypeus depressed ; pro- and mesonotum, scutellum and postscutellum strongly punctured, the mesonotum raised in the middle, with a shallow Ijroad fuiTow on each side and a longitudinally impressed medial line anteriorly, the punc- tures runuiug into strias in the lateral furrows and at the apex of the mesonotum ; median segment transversely sti-iate ; abdomen smooth. Elack; the apical half of the 2nd joint of the petiole and the succeeding abdominal segment red, the rest of the abdomen blue-back ; wings hght f usco-hyahne and iridescent.
^rt5. Northern India; North China; Sumatra. $. Length 22; exp. 25 mm.
The three specimens, all I have seen, in the British Museum are all iemales. It is possible that A. nigripes, Smith, is the male. However, the sculpture of the thorax is sufficiently different to keep them apart for the present.
433. AmmopMla nigripes. Smith, Cat. iv, p. 215, J ; Cam. Mem.
Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) ii, 1889, p. 93.
cJ. Head smooth, the clypeus and front pruinose; the pro- and mesonotum and median segment transversely striate, the sides of the last covered with soft, white, rather thin pubescence ; scutellum and postscutellum longitudinally striate ; the legs and abdomen smooth, slightly pruinose, the bases of the segments of the latter densely so. Black ; the basal segment of the abdomen red, fuscous at base above, the remaining segments blue-black, the apical two with a green effulgence; wings hyaline, with a brownish iridescent effulgence ; the clypeus and face in front with ghstening silvery pile.
Hab. Madras ; Southern India. J . Length 16 ; exp. 24 mm.
434. AmmopMla laevigata. Smith, Cat. iv, p. 215, $ ; Cam. Mem
Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) ii, 1889, p. 93 ; Bingh. P. Z. S. 1896, p. 437'.
2 . Head, pro- and mesonotum, scutellum, and postscutellum
232
SPHEGIDjE.
smooth, with a few fine scattered punctures ; median segment coarselv punctured, rugose down the middle above, the sides transversely striate ; the head in front and the sides of the thorax pruiuose ; "the abdomen smooth, obscurely pruinose. Black, with the clypeus, the sides of the face, the tubercles, and the sides of median segment covered with glistening silvery pile ; the legs, the petiole, and basal segment of the abdomen with the basal two- thirds of the 2nd segment red ; the coxse and trochanters of all the legs, and the femora above, tibiffi at apex, and tarsi of the posterior legs black, the basal two segments of the abdomen also touched with black; wings hyaline with a yellowish tmge, nervures testaceous, tegulae reddish.
Hah. Guzerat; Madras; Bangalore; Ceylon. ?. Length 20; exp. 24 mm.
435. Ammophila elegans, Smith, Cat. iv. p. 216, ? d ; Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) ii, 1889, p. 93. $. Head and thorax densely pruinose; legs and abdomen smooth; head, pro- and mesonotum very closely and finely punctured under the thick pilose coating; the median segment finely transversely striolate. Black ; the clypeus, apex ot the coxsB, the trochanters, femora, and tarsi of the legs, and the abdomen pale red; the head and thorax covered with a dense glistening silvery pile; the posterior coxfe, trochanters, and femora above, the basal segment of the, abdomen above, except at apex, and a spot above at the bases of the 2nd and 3rd segments,
black ; wings clear hyaline. , , , -.1,1,11 4.
3 similar, but has the whole abdomen shaded with black spots
Hob. Punjab ; Bombay. ? . LengtJi 22 ; exp. 28 mm. 6 ■ Length 21; exp. 26 mm.
*436 Ammophila smithii, Bnly, MS. teste Smith, Cat. iv, p. 217, $ ; Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) ii, 1889, p. 94.
2 " Black, the head and thorax covered with silvery pile, which is very dense on the face, cheeks, and thorax beneath, the coxiB and sides of the metathorax ; the scape, anterior margin ot the clypeus, and the mandibles ferruginous, the latter black at their t ps ; the legs red, the intermediate and posterior tarsi fusco- ferruginous. The first joint of the petiole fusco-ferruginous, he second with a black spot at its base above ; the abdomen red, the fourth segment having a large black spot in the centre of its apex, and the fifth and sixth segments bemg entirely black.
'^Bab. India. $ . Length 10^ lines (=21 mm.).
437. AmmopMla brevipennis, n. sp.
0 Head and thorax in front smooth and shining, the clypeus flat; ;emicircular, and pilose, the head and thorax «P'^'-««ly with long hairs; the pro- and mesonotum, scutellum, and po^t- scutellum niarked by scattered punctures; mesonotum markedly
AMMOPHHiA,
233
elevated in the middle, with a longitudinal broad, rather shallow furrow on each side above the tegulae ; median segment finely transversely striate ; petiole short ; abdomen broad, somewhat vertically flattened and subfusiform, the basal segment (i. e., 2nd joint of the petiole) nearly cylindrical, very little broadened towards the apex, the following segment campanulate. Intensely black, the clypeus with short black pile; the petiole, the basal two segments of the abdomen and the base of the 3rd bright vermilion- red ; wings flavo-hyaline, the apical margins beyond the cells broadly fuscescent.
Bab. Bombay. 5 • Length 23 ; exy. 22 mm. cS unknown. Type in the British Museum.
438. AmmopMla punctata, Smith, Cat, iv, p. 218, $ ; Cam. Mem.
Manch. L. Ph. Soe. (4) ii, 1889, p. 93. Ammophila vischu {? vishnu), Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) ii, 1889, pp. 94 & 98.
2 . Head, pro- and mesonotum punctured ; scutellum, post-scu- tellum, and median segment coarsely rugose, the last transversely striate at the sides and above and with an obscure fine medial longitudinal carina ; the face in front, the tubercles, and sides of the thorax with glistening silvery pile ; abdomen smooth, opaque. Black, the apex of the 1st and the two following segments of the abdomen red : wings light fusco-hyaline, with the apical margins slightly darker ; nervures testaceous, tegulas black.
d similar, but with the red portion of the abdomen shaded with black.
Rab. Northern India ; Mussooree ; Sikhim ; Burma. $ . Lenc/tli 18 ; exp. 25 mm. c? • Length 17 ; exp. 26 mm.
B. Petiole of abdomen one-jointed.
439. AmmopMla fuscipeimis, Smith, Trans. Zool. Soc. vii, p, 187,
(S ; Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) ii, 1889, p. 93.
cj . Head and thorax with a short sparse pubescence, the face in front densely pilose ; the clypeus large, subtriangular, with a shallow furrow down the middle, the anterior margin recurved, slightly projecting, transverse in the middle, with the sides oblique ; head closely punctured, the pro- and mesonotum, scutellum, post- scutellum, and the enclosed space on the medijin segment above coarsely and closely punctured, the punctures running into oblique strias at the apex of the mesonotum and into longitudinal striaj on the scutellum and postscutellum ; the median segment at apex transversely and on the sides finely obliquely striate ; petiole and abdomen smooth. Black ; the scape of the antennae, the trochanters, femora, tibiae, aud tarsi (except the apical joint, which is fuscous black) of the legs, and the petiole red ; wings fusco-hvaline.
Hab. North- West Provinces. d . Length 22 ; Ivjp. 34 mm. $ unknown. Type in the British Museum.
234
sphbgid;b.
440. Ammophila Iseta, n. sp.
5 . Head— the vertex and front coarsely but slightly rugose; clypeus boldly convex, its anterior margin arched; pronotum, mesonotum, scutellum, and postscutellum coarsely punctured ; median segment finely and very closely punctured, the puuctures running into transverse sti-isB ; petiole and abdomen smooth and shining, the latter subfusiform, acute at apex. Black, the basal three segments of the abdomen red, the head and thorax in front covered with sparsely scattered black hairs ; the median segment with a soft, yellowish-white, rather thin pubescence ; wings f usco- hyaline, the apical margins broadly darker.
Eab. Ohaman, South Afghanistan. ? . Length 19 ; exp. 28 mm. unknown. Type in the British Museum.
*441. Ammophila hirticeps. Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Son. (4) ii, 1889, pp. 94 & 99.
" 2 . Head and thorax sparsely punctured and densely pubescent; anterior margin of clypeus broadly rouuded, almost sinuate in the middle ; scutellum indistinctly longitudinally striate ; the median segment obliquely stiiate, with a central longitudinal furrow, which has a carina down the middle; petiole of abdomen pubescent. Black, with long blacii hair and silvery pubescence on the clypeus and face in front; abdomen with segments 2-4 and the base of the 5th red ; wings nearly hyaline, the apex mf uscate.
Hab. Gilgit. $ . Length 15 mm. Type in the Indian Museum, Calcutta.
442. Ammophila apicata, n. sp.
9. Head, pro- and mesonotum, scutellum, and postscutellum smooth, shiuing, with a few scattered tine punctures ; head densely pruinose in front and thinly pubescent ; median segment finely transversely striate ; legs pruinose ; abdomen smooth and shining, the apex of the 4th and all the 5th segment above with transverse erenulated folds. Black; the clypeus, face in front, sides of the thorax, and the legs with dense sHvery pile, and some long whitisJi pubescence on the bead and thorax ; the basal three segments of the abdomen and basal half of the 4th deep red ; wings byahne and iridescent, broadly light fuseescent along the apical margin, with a dark fuscous spot at the extreme apex of the front mug ; nervures testaceous brown, tegulse black.
Hab. Bombay. ?. Length 23; exp. 33 mm. Type in the British Museum.
443. Ammophila mandihulata, Kirhy, Trans. Linn. Soc. y, p. 134, pi. xiv, fig. 18.
9 Head thorax, and abdomen smooth and shining ; the head, pro- 'and mesonotum, scutellum, and postscutellum with a tew very tine scattered punctures; median segment delicately trans- versely striate; abdomen long, polished and impunctate; mandibles
AMMOl'HILA. — SOELIPHROK.
235
remarkablv long and powerful; clypeus convex, arcuate anteriorly; the head, the prouotum m front, and the sides of the median segment siio-htly pubescent. Intensely black ; wmgs fuscous with a slight pu°ple effulgence, the hind wing a little paler ; pubescence black.
Hah. lieluchistan, Afghanistan. ? . Lmcjth 21 ; exjj. 28 mm. S unknown. Type in the British Museum.
444. AmmopMla erythrocephala.
Sphex erythrocephiila, Fabr. Ent. Syst. p. 204. Pelopoeus erythrocephalus, Fabr. Syst. Fiez. p. 203. Aminopbila "eiythrocephala, Lepel. Hym. iii, p. 385; Smith, Cat. iv, p. 216 ; Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Fh. Soc. (4) ii, 1889, pp. 94 & 100. .f Ammophila violaceipennis, Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Fh. Soc. (4) ii, 1889, pp. 94 & 100, S ■ 5 . Head, pronotum, legs, and abdomen smooth and shining : mesonotum finely reticulate, scutellum and postscutellum longi- tudinally striate ; median segment coarsely reticulate above along the middle, and transversely striate on the sides ; clypeus broader than high, slightly convex, its anterior margin transverse in the middle, oblique at the sides ; eyes parallel. Black, the head, the pronotum, legs, and petiole of the abdomen red ; the abdomen blue- black ; the apical half of the flagellum of the antennae black, the scape and basal half red ; the coxae, trochanters, and apical joint of the tarsi fuscous ; wings fuscous with a purple effulgence.
cj . The head from fuscous red to blaclt, the clypeus projecting a little, the eyes convergent below (var. violaceij)ennis. Cam.).
Hah. Throughout India except in the extreme South and South-west (Malabar). $ . Length 32-34 ; exp. 50-52 mm. . Length 29-31 ; exp. 48-51 mm.
Sceliphron, Klug, Neue Sohrift, d. Ges. naturf. Freunde zu Bevl.
iii, p. 5.55 (1801). Pelopoeus, Latr. Hist. Nat. Ins. xiii, p. 294 (1804). Pepsis, pt., Mi(i. Ed. Faun. Etrusc. ii, p. 94 (1807). Chalybion, Dahlb. Hym. Eur. i, p. 21 (1845).
Tj'pe, S. spirifex. Linn. Range. Over both hemispheres.
In the fore wing the 2nd cubital cell receives both recurrent nervures, and is narrowed at the top by the convergence of the ist
Gtenas SCELIPHRON.
Fig. 59. — Sceliphron formosum, $ .
236
SPHBGIDjE.
and 2nd transverse cubital nervures ; the 3rd cubital cell also much narrowed at the top by the curving inwards towards the base of the ceil of the 3rd transverse cubital nervure. Fore tarsi not ciliated. Abdomen with a long, slender, 1-jointed petiole, the remaining segments together abruptly widened, ovate, acute at apex. The $ makes earthen cells and stores them with spiders.
Key to the Species.
A. Colours black and yellow.
a. Mesonotum striate.
a'. Median segment with a medial longitudinal broad furrow. a^. Comparatively large (length 27-30 mm.), a'. Exti'eme apex of femora and apical half
of tibise of posterior legs black 8. intrudens, p. 236.
¥. Femora and tibiee of posterior legs
entirely yellow S. spinoles, p. 237.
b\ Comparatively small (length 16-18
mm.). Apical two-thii'ds of femora [p. 237.
and of tibifB of posterior legs black . . S. madraspatanum, b'. Median segment without a broad medial
longitudinal furrow. [?• 238.
Median segment black S. coromandehcum,
ii'^. Median segment variegated with yellow.
a^. Tibiaj of the posterior legs yellow . . S. solieri, p. 238. If. Tibise of the posterior legs black . . S. hilineatum, p. 239.
b. Mesonotum punctured, not striate 'S- javamim, p. 239.
B. Colours chestnut-brown and yellow 8. formosum, p. 239.
C. Colour dark shining cobalt-blue, with glistening
silvery pubescence S. violaceum, p. 240.
445. Sceliphron intrudens.
PelopcBus intrudens, 8mith, Jour. Linn. 8oc. 1859, p. 15, 5 . $ . Head and thorax pubescent, clypeus and the face in front
densely pruinose ; head, pro- and mesonotum finely and very closely punctured, the punctures running into indistinct strise on the last ; ecutellum and postscutellum longi- tudinally, the enclosed raised space at the base of the median segment transversely, and the sides and apex of the same obliquely striate ; a medial longitudinal broad furrow on the raised space on the median segment ; the petiole and basal two segnients of the abdomen smooth and shining, the rest of the segments with minule Fig. 60. ^ longitudinal stria;. Black, with black
Sceliphron intrudens, 2 ■ ^. pubescence; the clypeus and front Tvith sHvery pile, the apex of the femora, the tibia and basal joint of the tarsi of the anterior and intermediate legs, the trochanters,
scELipnnoN.
237
femora except at apex, base of the tibiae, basal joint of the tarsi of the posterior legs, and petiole of abdomen yellow ; w ings light flavo-liyaline. cf similar.
Var. The posterior tibiae and tarsi entirely black. Hab. Sikhim ; Burma ; Tenasserim ; Celebes. $ c? . Length 27-30 ; e.vp. 43-45 mm.
446. Sceliphron spinolsB.
Pelopceus spinolffi, Lepel. Hym. iii, p. 307, $ ; Smith, Cat. iv, p. 231 ; Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) ii, 1889, p. 102.
5 . Head and thorax pubescent ; the head finely but not verv closely punctured, the mesonotum finely obliquely striate, scu- tellum and postscutellmn longitudinally striate ; median segment long, the enclosed space at the base raised, obliquely striate, with a broad furrow down the ruiddle, the sides of the median segment obliquely striate ; petiole and succeeding segment of the abdomen smooth, the rest of the segments with minute longitudinal striae. Black, with black pubescence ; the apex of the femora, the tibiae, and basal two or three joints of the tarsi of the anterior and intermediate legs reddish yellow ; the trochanters, femora, tibiee, basal two or three joints of the tarsi of the posterior legs, and the petiole of the abdomen clear straw-yellow ; the apical joints of the tarsi fuscous brown or black ; wings deep flavo-hyaline at base, clearer towards the apex.
d similar, with a longer petiole.
Hab. Ceylon ; Southern India ; Bombay ; Bengal. 9 d . Lenath 27-30 ; e.Tp. 40-44 mm.
447. Sceliphron madraspatanum. (PI. I, fig. 7.)
Sphex madraspatanus, Fabr. Ent. Stjst. ii, p. 204.
Pelopoeus madraspatanus, Fabr. Syat. Piez. p. 203 ; Smith, Cat. W,
p. 231 ; Cam. 3Iem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) ii, 1889, p. 102. Pelopoeus separatus, Smith, A. M. N. B. (2) ix, 1852, p. 47.
$ . Head finely and closely punctured ; pronotum in front, mesonotum, and median segment finely and transversely, and scuf-ellum and postscutellum longitudinally striate, the pronotum bituberculate and smooth posteriorly ; median segment with the enclosed portion at base raised and bearing a broad shallow medial longitudinal furrow ; petiole and abdomen smooth. Black, the clypeus and sides of the face in front covered with a short fine silvery pile ; a spot on the apex of the scape of the antenna, a line on the pronotum (often absent), a spot on the tegula?, another on the postscutellum, the apex of the femora and the tibijB of the anterior four legs, the trochanters, bases of the femora and of the tibiaj of the posterior legs, and the petiole of the abdomen, yellow • wmgs hyaluie and iridescent, with a brownish tint.
cJ similar but slighter, with comparatively a longer petiole.
Var. The scutellum and postscutellum both yellow.
Hab. Throughout India, Burma, Tenasserim, and Ceylon 0 Lmgih 20-22 ; exip. 28 mm. ^ . Length 16-18 ; exp. 24-27 mm '
238 SPHBGID^.
448. Sceliphron coromandelicum.
Pelopanis coromaiiileliciiB, Lepel. Hym. iii, p. 306, 2 ; Smith, Cat,
iv, p. 231 ; Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) ii, 1889, p. 101. PPeiopoeus fuscus, Lepel. Hym. iii, p. 311.
2 . Head and thorax pubescent, head with a few very fine punctures ; the clypeus, sides of the face, and behind the eyes pilose ; thorax very finely transversely striate, the posterior margin' of the pronotiim and the scutellnm smooth, the latter with indications of fine divergent longitudinal striae ; median segment rounded above, posteriorlv steeply sloped, the sides above with well-marked furrows which unite posteriorly and are continued as one furrow almost to the apex of the median segment ; petiole and abdomen smooth. Black with black pubescence, the pile on the face and cheeks silvery ; the basal joints 2-4 of the flagellum of the antenuEe and the scape beneath yellowish, in some specimens entirely black ; the posterior margin of the pronotum, the apical two-thirds of the femora, the tibise and tarsi of the four anterior legs and the whole of the femora, the tibia3 and tarsi of the posterior pair with the petiole of the abdomen, ferruginous yellow ; wings light flavo-hyaline, fuscescent at apex ; nervures light brown ; tegulae and a spot below them yellow. S similar, with a longer petiole.
Hah. Bombay ; Central and Southern India ; Burma. 2 <S ■ Length 19-21 { exp. 32-34 mm.
*449 Sceliphron solieri.
Pelopoeus solieri, Lepel. Hym. iii, p. 318, 2 ! Smith, Cat. iv, p. 231 ; Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) ii, 1889, p. 102.
2 " Head black, veiled in front with black pubescence over oilvery pile • antenna black, the first joint yellow. Prothorax black with a yellow fascia above. Mesothorax black ; a fascia under the wings yellow. Metathorax black, canaliculated on both sides above and with a large yellow spot posteriorly. The scatellum and postscutellum ^-ith a yellow fascia. Thorax covered all over with black pubescence. Abdomen %vith the petiole black, the first se-'ment bearing on the dilated apical portion a yellow bar. Anal se^ent with black pubescence. Legs— the four anterior yellow, the coxffi, trochanters, and base of the femora black ; the two nosterior legs black, the tibiae and base of the tarsi yellow. Wings ?ufo-fnscout, the apex darker ; the ner™res,^^the stigma, and tubercules fusco-ferruginous ; the tegulse yellow.
SX India {Smith) , Guadeloupe ! {Lepel.). 2 • Ler^tl^ 10 lines
^^TJnknown to me, but closely alHed apparently to S.Ulineatvm,
Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Svc. (4) ii, 1889 p. 101. ? Pelopoeus pictus, Smith, Cat. iv, p. ^31.
SCELITHJION.
239
P. Head very finely and closely punctured ; front and clvpeus densely pruinose, the former slightly concave, the latter flat, produced anteriorly into two blunt teeth in the middle ; pronotum auteriorly, mesonotum and median segment finely transversely striate ; the posterior margin of the pronotum, scutellum, posf- scntelluin, the legs, and the abdomen smooth and shining, the apical five segments of the last slightly pruinose. Blacic ; a 'spot on the middle of the clypeus, the scape" and basal four joints of the flagellum of the antennas below, the posterior margin of the pro- notum, the tegulas, a line beneath the wings, the scutellum and postscutellum in the middle, two large spots laterally at the base, and the apical two-thirds of the median segment, tlie greater part of the femora, the tibia and basal three joints 'of the tarsi of the anterior and intermediate legs, the greater part of the femora and basal two joints of the tarsi of the posterior legs, and the petiole, with a large spot above on the succeeding segment of the abdomen, yellow ; the black on the median segment produced back in a narrow line almost to the apex of the segment ; apical joints of the tarsi reddish ; clypeus and front with dense silvery pile ; wings flavo-hyaline, nervures yellow, the apex of the wines hghtly fuscescent. ° 6 similar, with a longer petiole.
Var The yellow on the posterior portion of the median segment reduced to two broad lines.
Hab. Western India. $ ^ . Length 16-19 ; ea;p. 30-33 mm.
451. Sceliphron javanum.
Pelopoeiis javaniis Zepel. Hym. iii, p. 309, 2; Smith, Cat. iv, p. J31 ; Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) ii, 1889, p. 101.
? . Head, pro- and mesonotum very finely and closely punctured • scutellum and abdomen finely longitudinally striate, the stria on the latter exceedingly fine and minute ; median segment rounded above posteriorly, abruptly sloped to the apex, transverselv striate, with a meaial longitudinal furrow ending at the margin of the steen slope ; head and thorax pubescent. Black, with black pubescence • the anterior four legs yellowish ferruginous, with the coxa, tro- chanteTs, and base of the femora black; the posterior two black, with the trochanters and the basal half of the femora vellow; the petiole of the abdomen yellow ; wings fulvo- or rufo-hyaline, the nervures testaceous, the tegula black.
6 similar, with a comparatively longer petiole
Hnh^ Sikhim; Burma; Ceylon; Java. $ s. Length 30-36; exp. 46-50 mm. ^ '
452. Sceliphron formosum.
Pelopceus formosus, Smith, Cat. iv, p. 230 9 PelopcEUS deformis. Smith, Cat iv p 231 'p "
Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) ii, 1889, p. 101. ^ ' ^ ' 2 . Head punctured on the front and vertex, densely pruinose
240 sphegid;e,
on the clypeus and sides of the face ; pronotum smooth in front, its posterior margin notched; mesouotura and median segment finely transversely striate, both with a medial longitudnm lly impressed line ; scutellum and postscutellum smooth, with indi- cations of longitudinal stride; the apex and sides of the median segment with soft sparse pubescence; abdomen smooth, ihe tvnical form of this insect is black, marked with yel ow, and is Australian • but the form found within our limits is dark chestriut- brovvn ; a s^ot on the clypeus, the front of the scape of the antennae, the posterior margin of the pronotum, a spot on the front of the teeuW, the tubercles, a short oblique stripe beneath thein, a trans- verse spot pointed at each end on the scutellum, a spot on each side on the median segment at the margin of the steep subapical slope, and the apex, yellow ; the legs reddish chestnut, shaded xvith fuscous black ; abdomen with the apical margins of segments 4-6 yellow • wings light flavo-hyaline, nervures and tegul^e testaceous vellow,'the apex of the wings fuscescent.
Var. The median segment without the subapical spots, sometimes
also without the basal spots. , -rrr ^ -n ■ f
hT Australia ; China ; Sikhim ; North-West ^^-vinces of India ; Burma ; Tenasserim. ? 6 . Length 18-21 ; e^p. 28-30 mm.
453. Sceliphron violaceum. (Pl. I, fig. 8 ) Sphex violacea, Fahr. Ent. Syst. n, p. 201. pV«lsviolacea,J'«6r.%si JV..p.2n. Ohalybion violaceum, Dnhlh. Hym. Eur. i, p. ^1. Chalybion bengalensis, DcMb Hym. Ew- i, p. 433. Pelopoeus violacens, Lepel. Hym. ni, p 32i.
Soc. vii, p. 163, pl.xxi,fig8. 2,2 a. o Head punctured ; the clypeus, front of the face, and cheeks >,.lSnrl Hie eves denselv pubescent, a short perpendicular carma on the h^S between the antenna, ; thorax slightly pubescent, shining ; the pro anl niesonotum closely punctured; the punctures on the fatterin some specimens, running into transverse stria., the former bitub^rcu ate ; the median segment long, convex, transversely stnate bitubercuiaLe, puuctured in other specimens, the sides
in some, and only cio^^^^^^^^ ^^^^^^ longitudinal furrow;
above bri liantly polished, smooth and shining.
Cn glisten nfSltS^^^^^^^ pubescence silvery white, the Deep g^i«temng g ellum of the antennae and the tarsi
b a 1° wings hyaline, and from merely fuscescent along ri'cal margin t'o da'rk fusco-violaceous on the apical half or
but slighter, with a longer petiole. ^ similar, DUbs ^ T7n stern Europe ; Northern Africa; India;
SPHEX.
241
Genus SPHEX. Spbex, pt., Linn. Si/st. Nat. ed. xii, p. 941 (1767).
'^lT(1804)' ' "^^^^"''""^ PP- 200, 207,
Prouoeus, Latr. Gen. Crust. Ins. iv, p. 66 (1809). Enodia, Priouoiiyx, Dahlb. Hym. Eur. i, p. 28 (1845). Harpactopus, Parasphex, Smith, Cat. iv, pp. 264, 267 (1856) Gastrosphajria, Costa, Faun. Regn. Nap. p. 10 (1858)
^420^^869)^"*'''''^"*"'^' ^^^y Isodontia, Fatton, Proc. Boston Sac. Nat. Hist, xx, p. 380 (1881) bphex, XoM, Ann. Naturhist. Hofmus. Wien, v, 1890, p. ]06.
Fig. 61. — Sphex umbrosus, 5 . \.
Type, S.Jlavipennis, Fabr. Sancfe. Over both hemispheres
thP^2tl'l''''''*'i ""^^ the 3rd cubital cell
the 2nd recurrent nervure. Legs stout, furnished with spines the anterior tarsi strongly ciliated on the Outside. ^ '
Ihe Oriental species of this genus make burrows in the erounrJ storing their nests with various species of orthopterous i^sSr '
£^ey to the Species.
A. Tarsal claws unidentate.
a. Head, thorax, and abdomen some shade of
metalhc blue or green c , ,
b. Head and thorax red. ^^^'^^■^h P- 242.
1/ T^"'^ tj''^ .pro- and mesothorax red S reoalis d 94^
b. The who e thorax including the median ^^S-
segment red ° c 7 j-,
B. Tarsal claws bidentate 'P^^^'^^^' P- 243.
^notched! '"''^ P°«t«°"tellum longitudinally
a'. Wings flavo-hyaline. .. . o 7 ^ •
v. Wings clear hyaline. *' "'i^^Penms, p. 247.
f . Legs and abdomen black c. ,
, b\ Legs and abdomen red P- 250.
C. Wings hyaline and iridesceni," with 'a P- 245.
browmsh tint.
a'. Pubescence on thorax ferru<rinous o- ; .
TOL. I. ciiUj,iuoua o. auru/e7itus, p. 250,
B
242 sraEGiD^.
b\ Pubescence on tViorax white. ^ aurulentus (var.
a'. Abdomen red, marked with black . . ^ Uneolns), p. 251.
6^ Abdomen wholly black . . «. nigellus, p. 249.
a'. Wings dark fuscous with a purple efful- ^ ^47.
gence
h. Postscutellum not notched. a'. Wings flavo-hyaline. _
^ fncate''^'"'''* posteriorly concavo- ^ ^^^^^.^^^ ^ ^^^^ h\ Median segm'ent posteriory rounded . & "^''-J;;- P
Wings clear lyaline , | S:;:/(-vaf
c'. Wings dark fuscous metisis), p. 248.
c. Scutellum not notched ; postscutellum Jj^'
notched ■ -J," I
d. Both scutellum and postscutellum without
notch.
a'. Wings flavo-hvallne.
Pubescence- on front of head and on ^47. thorax golden ; %• ' T ' ' V " rn 246
^ttrlxrilvery . ... • ^- ■ra^^Z-i'^^'-t '
v. Wings hyaline, with a dark apical fuscous
spot on fore wmg • • • • • • ^•
c' Wino-s hyaline, shaded with brownish
fuscous and with iridescent purple efful- ^ ^^^^ ^
d'.^^^doxy^uscou.-:::::::::::::::::: 5:«.o.oUp.246
C. Tarsal claws tridentate
(G-EOtrp I. CZaws Mmiew<a<c.) 454. Sphex lobatus, I^air. Sj/si. P- 348; Kohl, Ann. NaturMst. Hofmus. Mew, V, 1890, p. 17/. ^ g.
Sphex smaragdinus, Drury, III Exot lns. m, p. 5^ P'- 4-^- Sphex coerulea, CArui, (riec Drnry), Naturg. Ins. p. 308.
An
Fig. 63. Sphex lobatus, d, head.
j-ig, Q2.—Sphe.v lohaUis, $ •
SPHEX.
243
2 . Head, thorax, and abdomen brilliantly polished, smooth and shining ; the head and thorax with a very few, scattered, shallow punctures; clypeus transverse, vei-y much broader than high, convex in the middle, its anterior margin waved and emarginate ; the median segment long, cyhndrical, not much sloped posteriorly but roundly truncate, everywhere strongly and evenly transversely striate; legs long, slender, the tibiiB and tarsi spinose, the spines long ; abdomen petiolate, the petiole short, about the length of the basal segment. Of a brilliant blue-green, the antennae, the tibiffi below, and the tarsi opaque black ; the clypeus and sides of the face with silvery pile.
c? similar, smaller, more slender ; the clypeus triangular, not transverse, convex in the middle, its anterior margin with a rounded arch. Wings in both sexes hyaline, slightly flavesceut, in certain hghts iridescent, the apical margin lightly fuscous ; nervures brown, tegulte brilliant purplish blue.
Bah. Throughout India, Burma, Tenasserim, Ceylon, extending to China and the Malayan region to the East, and to Africa to the West. $ . Lenc/th 24-32 ; exp. 52-58 mm. d . Lcnqth 15-26 • exj). 28-38 mm. ^ ,
455. Sphex regalis.
Chlorion regalis, Smith, A. M. N. H. (4) xii, 1873, p. 291. Sphex regahs, Kohl, Ann. Naturhist. Hofmus. Wien, v, 1890, p. 179 $ S ■
? . Head broad, broader than the thorax, somewhat square above, opaque ; the face on each side of the base of the antennas sulcate, and a vertically impressed line before and behind the anterior ocellus ; pronotum bituberculate ; median segment long, posteriorly roundly truncate, transversely striate ; abdomen polished and shining. Head, thorax in front, femora, tibiae and tarsi of the legs dull brick-red, the tarsi somewhat fuscous; median segment, coxa?, trochanters, and the abdomen brilliant effulgent purple ; wings dark brown, with a purple effulgence, fore wing broadly fuscous at apex, the apex and posterior margin of the hind wing clear hyaline.
Hah, Karachi, Sind, extending into^ Afghanistan and the Trans- caspian regions, and in Africa to the Soudan. $ . Lenqth 26- 34 ; exp. 48-50 mm. c? . Length 24-28 ; exp. 42-46 mm.
456. Sphex splendidus. (PI. I, fig. 9.)
CLlorion splendidum, Fabr. Syst. Piez. p. 218; Smith, Cat. iy> p. Zoo.
Pronoeus campbelli, Saund. Trans. Ent. Soc. iii, 1841, p. 58, pi 5 fig. 1. ' ' r ! f ■ )
Sphex pulchra, Lepel. Hym. iii, p. 355, ^ . Chlorion melanosonia, Smith, Cat. iv, p. 238, J Sphex splendidus, Kohl, Ann. Naturhist. Hofmus. Wien, y, 1890, p. 181.
? . He.ad, thorax, and abdomen smooth and shining ; the
e2
244
SPHEGID^.
abdomen with a brilliant polish, the head and thorax with a very few nearly obsolete shallow puDctures ; head large, much broader than the thorax ; the clypeus vertically very narrow, transverse, slightly convex in the middle ; the base of the antennae planted in a deep hollow above the clypeus, above which the front is somewhat closely punctured and studded with some scattered long hairs; pronotum deeply notched in the middle; median segment long, with very little slope posteriorly, the apex roundly truncate, everywhere closely transversely striate; legs long, the tibias and tarsi spinose, the spines sliort and stout; abdomen petiolate, the petiole short. Head, thorax, and legs dull brick-reo, the median segment above with a brilliant golden coppery lustre, the space round the ocelli black ; the abdomen brilliant purplish blue, the petiole slightly reddish ; wings reddish yellow, the apex ot the fore and apex and posterior margin of the hind wing broadly fuscous with a purple effulgence.
(? similar, but smaller and slighter, the clypeus triangular. Var. melnnosoma. Smith, is similar in sculpture, but has only the clypeus, the mandibles, the scape, and four or five ot the basal 'ioints of the flagellum of the antennae red, or tjie insect may be wholly black ; the wings are also a lighter and brighter
^"^Hai Northern and Western India, extending into Afghanistan, Burma, and Tenasserim in the East. 2 . Length 24-30 ; ecc^. 45- 48 mm. 6 • Length 1 8-24 ; exp. 40-46 mm.
(Gbottp II. Claws hidentate.)
457. Sphex fulvo-Mrtus, Bingh. Jour. Bomb. N. H. Soc. v, 1890, p. 242, ? ; id. viii, 1893, p. 379, pi. i, fig. 8, 5 .
9 c? Head pruinose and pubescent anteriorly; vertex and thorax 'in front very closely and finely punctared ; median seg- ment long, roundly truncate posteriorly, and densely pubescent ; abdomen smooth, opaque; scutellum prominent, with a shght shallow longitudinal furrow ; postscuteUum bituberculate. Black, with black pubescence; the clypeus, face at the sides, and pro- notum anteriorly, with silvery pile ; median segment above with long tHck, yeUow pubescence : wings flavo-hyahne paler along the apical margins ; nervui-es testaceous, tegulse black.
Eab. Ceylon; Loo Choo Islands. ? . Length 27; exp. 54 mm. cJ . Length 25 ; exjy. 48 mm.
458. Sphex nivosus. „ ^ , . ork o
Harpactopus nivosus, Smith. Cat. iv,p. Joo, ..
Sphex nivosa. Cam. Mem. Mamh. L. Ph. Soc. (4) u, 1889, p. 106.
0 . Head, thorax, legs, petiole, and basal segment of abdomen dens;iy pilose, second and following segmen s of the abdomen smooth and shining ; clypeus broad, very slightly convex, anterior
SPHBX,
245
margin transverse in the middle, oblique, slightly arched at the sides ; front with a vertically impressed line ; median segment long, roundly truncate posteriorly, and rather coarsely trans- versely striate under the thick pile. Light ferruginous or brownish red; the apex of the mandibles remarkably long, acute, and black; flageilum of antennae black; abdomen with the apical margins of the 2nd and following segments sordid testaceous white; the head, the thorax, legs, especially the cox® and tro- chanters, the petiole, and the basal segment of the abdomen with dense glittering, rather long silvery pubescence ; wings clear hyaline.
Hah. Northern India. $ . Lencjth 29 ; exp. 43 mm.
Kohl {I. c.) unites this species with Sphex nigropectinatus, iasehenbg., but the type and only specimen in the British Museum collection does not agree with Taschenberg's description of his species.
459. Sphex segyptius, Lepel. Hym. iii, p. 356 ; Kohl, Ann. Naturhist. Ho/mm. Wien, v, 1890, p. 351, $ ^J. Sphex sorer, Hahlb. Hym. Eur. i, p. 436. Harpactopus crudelis. Smith, Cat. iv, p. 264, pi. vi, fig. 4. Sphex grandis, Radoszk. Hor. Soc. Unt. Itoss. xii (1876), p. 132.
?. Head densely pilose, with scattered pubescence; meso- notum punctured ; median segment long, cylindrical, transversely striate, with thick long pubescence, its apex posteriorly concavely truncate; legs stout, long, thickly spinose ; abdomen smooth and shming; clypeus boldly convex, its anterior margin transverse depressed, and notched in the middle. Black, with black pu- bescence, the front of the head and face with dense silvery pile; wings flavo-hyaline, broadly pale, clear hyaline alono- the apical margin of fore and apical and posterior margin of hind wing.
c? similar but smaller, with the clypeus bilobed.
Hah Syria; Arabia; Egypt; Abyssinia; Mauritius; Southern Incha Madras. $ . Length 26-34 ; exp. 48-52 mm. d . Length 22-28 ; exp. 42-44 mm.
460. Sphex vjcinus, Lepel. Hym. iii, p. 343,2 ; Smith, Cat. iv, p. 253; Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) ii, 1889, p. 108; Kohl, Ann. Naturhist. Hofimis. Wien, v, 1890, p. 454. Sphex^rothneyi, Catn. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) ii, 1889, pp. 108
$. Head, thorax, and the petiole of the abdomen denselv pruinose, rest of the abdomen smooth and shining ; clypeus broad" convex, with an indistinct medial vertical carina, the anterior margin rounded ; pronotum not furrowed ; scutellum and post- scutellum with slight indications of a medial depression ; median segment with coarse broad transverse strije ; legs long and spinose • petiole of abdomen short. Head, thorax, coxa, and trochanters
246
SPIIBGID^.
of the legs black ; the femora, tibiae, base of the tarsi of the legs, and the abdomeu red ; the clypeus, the face in front, and the sides of the mesonotum covered with a dense silvery pile ; the median segment at apex and on the sides with longish, soft, white pubescence : wings hyaline, slightly iridescent, their apex lightly fuscescent ; nervures and tegulaj testaceous red. A^arieties have ■the abdomen above and below variegated with black. Hah. MusBooree. $ . LencjtJi 18-22 ; exp. 35-40 mm.
461. Sphex xanthopterus, Cam. Mem. Mandi. L. Ph. -Soc (4) ii,1889, pp. 109 & 113; Kohl, Ann. Naiurhist. Bofmus. Wien, v, iHW, p. 389, $ 6 .
9. Head, thorax, and abdomen densely pruinose ; clypeus convex, higher than broad, its anterior margm rounded ; the front sulcate above the antenna, ; eyes divergent above ; pronotum scutellum, and postscutellum entire, without any longitudinal sulca; median segment longish, opaque ^ith a gentle slope posteriorly to the apex, which is rounded ; legs long, ^^oo h the tibia, and tarsi with fine spines ; petiole short ; -Momen fusiioim above, finely aciculate. Black, w,th a dense but shoit silky silver; pde , the clypeus, the front, and the sides and apex of the median segment with a rather sparse long ^^l^ Pubescence ; the pUe in certain hghts has a golden yellow l^^^^re; wings light flavo-hyaline, apex broadly fuscescent; nervures yellow, tegul^
^^^Eab. Northern India, Barrackpore, Bengal ; Tranquebar; Africa ; Zanzibar. ? 6 • Length 15-18 ; exp. 32-36 mm.
462. Sphex morosus, Smith, Mir. Linn. Soc. 1861, p. 122, cJ; ^ohl, Ann. Naturhist. Hofmus. Wien, v, 1890, p. 44B. cJ Head and thorax in front finely and closely punctured and nube^cfnt ; the clypeus and front of the face pilose ; the median Sent finely rugulose ; petiole of abdomen long, shghtly curved npSs r abdomen short, broad, subfusiform ; clypeus convex its Sterior margin very slightly arched, nearly t-nsv^^^^^^^^ entire not indented; mesonotum with a central lo^git^^i^^'^ SprSsed hue anteriorly ; median segment with a gent e r .m^^^^ alone posteriorly, except at the apex, where it is suddenly steep 8iope po.be o J, i sT.ir.nse: abdomen very indis-
tZ^T^^X Sir^.-T abdomen very ind^ Sy a'clculate above. Black with black pubescence the clj u and the face in fi-ont with dense silvery pile; wings tuscous Srown with a coppery effulgence, the hind wing --h ^^^^^^^^^ paler. A variety has the posterior femora below and the inside ot
Celebes. J. Lenytli , exp. o-±-oi m
kno^vn.
SPHEX.
247
463. Sphex maurus, Smith, Cat. iv, p. 255, $ J; KoM,Ann. Naturhist
Mof rnus. Wien, v, 1890, p. 411, $ d • Sphex tyrannica, Binyh. (nec Smith) Jour. Bomb. N. H. Soc. v 1890, p. 241.
5 d . Head and thorax in front pruinose, and sparsely pubes- cent ; median segment lightly transversely rugulose ; abdomen smooth and shining, very fiuely longitudinally aciculate ; clypeus vertically oval, convex, sparsely punctured ; a vertically impressed line on the front from between the base of the antennas to the auterior ocellus ; back of the head emarginate ; pronotum flat above, slightly indented in the middle ; scutellum, postscutellum, and median segment furrowed down the middle; the median segment steeply rounded at apex, almost truncate, the median furrow not reaching the edge of the truncation, but broadening out in spoon-shaped form just before the mai'gin ; legs stoat, the tibisB and tarsi spinose ; petiole of abdomen short ; abdomen broadly subfusiform. Black, with black pubescence : the wings dark fuscous, with a rich purple effulgence ; nervures and tegul£B black.
JIab. Burma, Tenasserim, and the Malayan region as far as Celebes. $ . Length 28-34 ; e^y 50-58 mm, d . Letujili 25-28 ; exp, 48-52 mm.
464. Sphex aurifrons, Smith, Jour. Linn. Soc. 1859, p. 157 ; Kohl,
Ann. Naturhist. Rofmus. Wien, v, 1890, p. 439.
5 6 ■ Closely resembles S. nigripes, Smith, but is a slighter, more graceful insect ; the clypeus is not so convex, and has its anterior margin waved, not arched, with two short blunt teeth in the midlde; the head and thorax in front finely and closely punctured ; the pronotum with its posterior margin entire, not longitudinally sulcate ; the median segment not abruptly truncate or steeply sloped at apex, finely rugulose and covered with a soft thin pubescence; legs long, rather sparsely spinose; petiole of abdomen rather longer than in S. nigripes ; abdomen finely aci- culate. Black, the clypeus and sides of the face with a short dense rich golden pile and scattered loug fulvous hairs ; the pubescence on the thorax fulvous red ; legs with the femora, tibiae, and basal four joints of the tarsi red; abdomen black, with the apical margins of the segments above and below broadly testaceous brown ; wings light flavo-hyaline, the apical margins paler ; nervures and tegulaj testaceous. Varies in having the abdomen also covered with a thin short fulvous pile.
Hab. Sikhun ; Aru Islands. $ . Length 21-24 ; exp. 34-40 mm. cJ slightly smaller.
465. Sphex luteipennis. Moos. Maf/ijar Akad. Ert. Term. Kor. xiii
(1883), 8z. 11, p. 33, 5 ; Kohl, Ann. Naturhist. Hofmus. Wien, v, 1890, p. 423. ' Sphex rufipennis, Kohl (nec Fabr.), Term. Fiizetek. ix (1886), p.198, ' ? . Head and thorax in front finely and rather sparsely
248
SPHEGIDtE,
punctured; median segment transversely finely rugulose ; abdomen smooth, somewhat aciculate above ; clypeus cone-shaped, its anterior margin arched, narrowly smooth and porrect, studded above with coarse punctures and rather stifl: hairs; a deeply im- pressed line on the front above the base of the antennae to the ocelli, dividing at the anterior ocellus into two and reaching the vertex ; pronofcum entire, not longitudinally sulcate ; median segment roundly truncate posteriorly ; legs stout, the tibise and tarsi spinose ; petiole short ; abdomen widely fusiform, slightly vertically compressed. Intensely black, with black pubescence on the front and median segment; the sides of the face and the clypeus in certain lights with silvery pile ; wings light oily yellow, broadly fuscous along the apical margin ; nervures testaceous, tegidsB black.
d similar, but the clypeus is longer, more convex, with its anterior margin not so arched and not porrect ; the antennas and petiole of abdomen are longer, and the wings of a more fuscous yellow.
Hob. Sikhim ; Bengal ; Assam ; Burma ; and, according to Kohl, Egypt, Zanzibar, Ceylon, and Amboina. $ . Len-ijih 25-32; exp. 50-54 mm. cJ • Length 22-28 ; exp. 44-50 mm.
466. Sphex nigripes, Smith, Cat iv, p. 254, $ ; KoM, Ann. Natur- hist. Hofnnis. Wien, v, 1890, p. 421. Sphex siamensis, Taschb. Zeitschr. ges. Natwwiss. Halle, xxxiv, p. 413, $ .
Sphex erythropoda, Cmn. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) u, 1889, pp. 108 & 110.
2 . Head and thorax pruinose ; abdomen smooth, finely aciculate; clypeus cone-shaped, convex, the centre distinctly raised, its anterior margin arched, narrowly smooth and porrect ; prouotum entire, not divided by a longitudinal sulcation ; scutellum and postscutelKun prominent, with just an indication of a central longitudinal division ; median segment finely transversely rugulose, with a steep slope at apex and a well-marked central longitudinal groove, covered with a fine velvety pubescence ; legs stout, rather long, the tibise and tarsi spinose; petiole of abdomen short; abdomen broadly subf usiform. Opaque black ; the sides of the face and the clypeus with a dense silvery pile having a golden tinge in certain lights ; the pubescence on the head and median segment black ; legs black, the posterior femora and tibise red ; wings flavo-hyaline, with the apical margin broadly fuscous.
d similar, but smaller, with the wings darker ; the clypeus longer, and having its anterior margin very slightly arched, almost
truncate. i- •
This species is very variable so far as the colour ot the wuigs and legs is concerned. The wings in certain specimens are dark fuscous with a briUiant purple efEulgeuce, and have very little ot the yellow tinge on the disc. The femora and tibiae of all the legs, or of the intermediate and posterior pair, or of the posterior pair only, may be wholly or partially red.
SPHEX.
249
^Taft. Tn the Palfearctic region this species is found in Chifu China ; in the Ethiopian region in Ashanti ; and in the Oriental m India, Burma, Ceylon, Sumatra, Java. $ . Length 24-30 • exp. 46-50 mm. d . Length 22-25 ; exp. 40-44 mm '
467. Sphex maia, Bingh. Jour. Bomb. N. H. Sac. viii, p. 379, J d.
2 . Head and thorax pruinose, abdomen smooth ; clypeus lono- slightly convex, distinctly carinate down the middle, its anterior margin waved, transverse ; eyes parallel, inner orbits outwardly arched; occiput transverse, mesonotum indented in the middle anteriorly, postscutelluin not indented; median segment rugulose- legs stout, pruinose, the tibiae smooth, the tarsi with fine short spinose hairs ; petiole long, curved, rest of the abdomen short, broad, somewhat vertically compressed. Black ; the clypeus and sides of the face with deose silvery pile; the thorax with soft scattered greyish pubescence, the inside of the posterior tibise with tine silky ferruginous pile ; the 2nd segmeut of the abdomen red • the succeeding segments narrowly margined with testaceous;' wings hyahne, shghtly iridescent, the extreme apex of the fore wing fuscous, nervures testaceous, tegulse black.
i P^*^°^® ^°°ger and the wings broader
Mab. bikbim ; Bengal ; Burma ; Tenasserim. 2 . Lenc/th 16-18 •
e,.:p. 26-28 mm. d . Length 16-17 ; exp. 29-30 mm
Ihis species is closely allied to S. splendidulus, A. Costa, but
ditters in the form of the clypeus and sculpture of the thorax
468. Sphex nigeUiiS, S.«iW», Ca^. iv, p. 255, ? d; Kohl, Ann. Natur- hist. Hofmus. Wien, v, 1890, p. 379, J d ■
2 d . Head and thorax in front smooth, vdth scattered punctures ; the clypeus and front of the face with dense close
pile and scattered pubescence: median segment finely granular, rounded pos- teriorly, and sparsely pubescent: legs long, the tibiae and tarsi spinose ; petiole of abdomen long, about as loug as the posterior tibiae, rest of the abdomen short, subglobular, vertically compressed. Black ; the petiole and abdomen polished and shining; the clypeus and sides of the face with silvery pile, the pubescence on the thorax greyish; wings subhva- hne, the apical margin fuscescent.— The clypeus in the female has its anterior margin waved, almost transverse, with two short teeth in the middle. In the male the clypeus is emarginate anteriorlv and destitute of teeth.
Hab. Sind ; Ahmedabad ; Bengal ; Burma ; Tenasserim ; China • Siberia ; Swan River, Australia. 2 • Length 17-19; exp. 34-36 mm' d . Length 15-18 ; exp. 30-33 mm.
Fig. 64.
Sphex niyellus, 2 .
250 sphbgidjE.
469. Sphex umbrosus. „„o x i • « o o
Sphex uuibrosa, Christ, Naturg. Ins. p. 293, tab. xxix, fag. 2,
Sphex rutipeunis, Fabr. Ejit. Syst. u, p. 200.
Sphex argentata, Fabr. Eat. Syst. ii, p. 200.
Sphex albifrona, Fabr. Ent. Syst. n, p. 207.
Sphex argentifrons, Lepel. Hym. in, p. 337, cJ-
Sphex carbanaria, Smith, Cat. iy, p 247, $ .
Sphex ephippium et opulenta, Smith, Cat. iv, PP- 249 & ^&U, ^ d • Sphex diabolica. Smith, Jour. Lhvi. Sue. 1858, p. 100, ¥• . Sphex plumifera et nigerrima, Coste, Ann. Mus. Zool. Untv. Nap.
Sphex^'metaiu'ca, Taschenb. Zeits. Naturwiss. Halle, 1869, p. 414,
Sphefiuberculata, SmUh, A.M. N H.^u, 1873 p 291 S?hex luteifrons, Grib. Ann. Mus Civ. Gen. (2«) i 1884 p. 300 Sphex taschenbergi, Magretti, Ann. Mus. Civ. Gen. (2 ) i, 1884,
Sphef umbrosus, Kohl, Ann. Naturhist. Hofmus. Wien, v, 1890, p. 40G, $ 6-
0 A Head and thorax in front pruinose, very finely and closely puiietui-ed; median segment pubescent, fine y transversely striate ; petiole of abdomen thinly pnbescent, rest of the segments Sly subfusiform, closely and finely aoculate at base, fine y and sLsely punctured on the apical margins above, shghtly Tninl; clypeus very shghtly convex, its anterior --g- -^^^^^^^^ in the 9 , transverse, almost emargma e in the d , thickly pilose «nd nubescent • front ( 2 ) furrowed from the anterior oceUus to betwS Te a;tLrn., flit in the c? ; scutellum notched in the mSdIe postscutellum bituberculate ; median segment long, nar- rowed and rounded posteriorly, the apex abruptly steep ; legs Sng the tibiae and tarsi thickly spinose. Jet-black ; the sides of the foce and the clypeus with a dense close silvery pubescence the pubS ence on the'fhorax and petiole soft, thin, and hoary white; ^nes clear hyalme, lightly and broadly fuscescent at apex
Y?r 4in«, Fabr., is black with black P'^bescence, and flavo- hyahne whfgs fuscescent at apex. Varieties (^«&«'-''"^«^'^' ^^"^J^ ' ut^rons, Eados. &c.) have the front and clypeus covered with a
•^'Sfe^tlTeaf through the Eastern Pal^arctic region in China anf Japan in the Oriental, throughout India, Burma, Tenas- sertm Ceyl'on%nd the Makyan subregions down to Australia; and hi the Ethiopian region, in Lake Nyassa, Transva^, Congo Guinea, Senegal, Gambia, Sierra Leone and Arabia S^^-J^'^ 26-36 ; exp. 48-52 mm. d • Length 24-2\) ; ea,p. 4U-4b mm.
Rofmus. Wien, v, 1890, p. 392, 2 d- Pepsis sericea, Fahr. Syst. Piez. p. 211. Sphex fabricii, Dahlb. Hym. Eur. i, p.^/, ¥ • Sphex ferruginea, Lepel. Hym. ni,^. 6io, ¥ . Sphex lineola, Lepel. Hym. lu, p. A'db, d •
SPHEX.
251
Sphex ferox, S7m'th, Jour. Linn. Soc. lHi'2, p. 65, J. Sphex lepeletieiii, Saim. Nomm-Reise, Ilym. p. 40, 5 . 8phex g-odefiVoyi, Sauss. Stettin, ent. Zeit. xxx (18151)), p. 57, J. Sphex aurifex, Smith, Cruise Curaqoa, Brenohley, p. 460, $, pi. 44, fig. 3.
5 c? . Head densely pruinose and pubescent, the pubescence long, soft, and rather sparse ; pro- and mesonotum densely pruinose, scutellum and postscutellum bare ; mediao segment thinly pruinose and pubescent ; legs and abdomen bare, smooth, and shining ; clypeus slightly convex, its anterior margin rounded, thickly pubes- cent on the sides, with a subtriangular bare space in the middle anteriorly ; scutellum and postscutellum notched in the middle ; median segment long, with transverse ridges, posteriorly rounded and abruptly sloped at apex ; legs long, the tibiae and tarsi spinose ; petiole of the abdomen rather short, remaining segments broadly subfusiform, the apical two lightly punctured abo\e, the whole of the abdomen smooth and shining. Head and thorax variegated with red and black ; the legs, the petiole, and basal one or two joints of the abdomen red ; the head and thorax covered with dense ferruginoiis-red pile and sparse pubescence of the same colour ; the apical segments of the abdomen black ; wings hyaline, broadly fuscescent at apex, nervures testaceous, tegulse red. A very variable insect.
Var. ferruc/ineus, Lepel., has the whole head, thorax, femora, tibiae, and basal joints of tarsi red; the abdomen black and shining ; and the dense silky pile and soft sparse pubescence on the head and thorax of a rich golden ferruginous colour.
Var. lineolus, Lepel., has the head, thorax, legs, and petiole of the abdomen, except at apex, black, and the remaining segments of the abdomen dark red with black markings above ; the pubes- cence on the head and thorax is silvery white.
These are the two commonest varieties of the insect found in India.
Hab. India ; Burma ; Tenasserim ; Ceylon ; China ; and the Malayan subregions as far as North Australia. $ . Length 20- 28 ; exp. 39-48 mm. d . Length 18-26 ; exp. 40-46 mm.
471. Sphex edax, n. sp.
$ . Head smooth and shining, finely and sparingly punctured, square above, and broader than the thorax, with the cheeks behind the eyes well developed ; clypeus subtriangular, somewhat porrect. Its anterior margin arched; front slightly concave, vertex very slightly arched, almost flat, with a shallow abbreviated sulcation behind the ocelli ; the sides of the face and the clypeus densely pilose ; pro- and mesonotum, scutellum and postscutellum finely and sparsely punctured ; median segment massive, long, rounded posteriorly, pubescent, shining, and finely and closely punctured its apex steeply sloped ; legs very stout, the femora and tibia massive and broad, the tibia and the tarsi studded with thick short spines • petiole of the abdomen of medium length, stout, and scarcely
252
SPHEGIDjE.
curved; abdomen broad and massive, thinly pruinose. Head, thorax, legs, petiole, and basal segment of the abdomen black ; the clypeus and sides oi' the face with dense silvery pile ; the back oi: the head, pronotum anteriorly, and median segment with a soft thin greyish pubescence ; the posterior margin of the basal segment of the abdomen and the following segments dull red ; the mandibles massive, black and shining at base, and their apex dull red in the middle ; the wings light fusco-hyaline with a purple effulgence ; nervures and tegulse black. (S similar, but with a smaller and less Fig. 65. massive head and paler wings ; the ante-
Sphcv edax, 2- h rior margin of the clypeus is less arched
and armed with six teeth. Hah. Sikhim ; Tenasserim ; Ceylon. $ . Length 30 ; exp. 50 mm. ^ . Length 29 ; exp. 48 mm.
This species is allied to Sphex unihrosus, Christ, but can be distinguished at once by the sculpture of the median segment, and in the male by the remarkable toothed clypeus.
(G-EOUP III. Olatvs tridentate.)
472. Sphex viduatus, Christ, Naturg. Ins. p. 305 ; Kolil, Ann. Natur- hist. Hofmus. v, 1B90, p. 332, ? c? • Sphex fervens, Fabr. (nec LmnS) Syst. Ent.^. rf4b. ? Sphex pubescens, Fahr. Ent. ISyst. n, p. 209. Enodia canescens, Bahlb. Mjm. Eur. i. p. 28. 9 Head and thorax densely pubescent, punctured under the pubescence, the mesonotum more closely than the head and pronotum, scuteUum notched longitudinally; median segment ^ long, abruptly truncate posteriorly,
finely transversely striate, above with a very broad shallow groove from base to margin of truncation ; abdomen smooth and shining, curved downwards. Head, thorax, legs, and petiole of abdomen black; ab- domen red, the pubescence on the head and thorax silvery ; the legs obscurely pruinose; vnnga hyaline; nervures and tegulas dark, some- what testaceous brown. S similar, with a longer petiole.
Throughout India ; Ceylon ; f ' f ' ^fg^ Gambia; Sierra Leone; Guinea. £. Xen<7t/^ 18-24, e.xp. 38 44 mm 6. Length 16-20 ; exp. 36-42 mm.
Fig. 66. — Sphex viduatus, $ . }.
AMPUllSX.
25:5
Genus AMPULEX.
Chlorinn, pt, Fabr. Si/st. Piez. p. 217 (1804). Ampulex, Jurine, Bijm. p. 132, pi. 14 (1807). Ehinopsis, pt., Wastiv. Arcan. lint, ii, p. 68 (1844). Waagenia, pt., Kriechb. Stetlin. ent. Zeit. xxxv, p. 56 (1874).
Type, A. cnmpressa, JFabr. Range. Both hemispheres.
Head flat ; eyes with their inner orbits either parallel or con- verpnt towards the vertex of the head, never divergent; antenna} filiform, short, and somewhat stout in proportion in some species ;
front often with carinse extending upwards frorn the base of the antennae ; clypeus shaped some- what like a ploughshare; the medial carina generally large, ending in a tooth or bifurcating towards the apex; mandibles sickle-shaped, simple in the female, dentate in the male. Prothorax elongate, the posterior middle portion raised, the raised portion narrower than the mesonotum] the posterior angles at a distance from the base of the wings; mesonotum broad, marked with ^ longitudinally impressed furrows; median seg-
Fie 67 ^^"^^ ^ho\e, slightly narrowed towards the Ampulex ^P®^'' roundly truncate posteriorly, above compressa,2 i- several longitudinal carinas, the space
between which is more or less closely trans- versely striate, the posterior lateral angles of the segment almost always with one or niore erect tubercles; legs long, stout, the tibisB and tarsi slightly spinose, the intermediate coxa separated by a more or less narrow plate which forks posteriorly, intermediate tibiae vyith two apical spines, claws toothed. Wings rather short • fore wing with one radial and two or three cubital cells, the forms with two cubital cells plaialy derived fi-om the form with three cubital cells by the obhteration of the 1st transverse cubital nervure, the begmniug of which can be often traced in various two-ceUed species; when three cubital cells are present, the 1st and drd are subequal, each receiving a recurrent nervure, the 2nd small, square, or broadly rectangular. Abdomen pseudo-petiolate the basal segment never narrowed into an actual petiole as in ;Sp/*e^, generally roundly steep at base, the apex of the 1st segment inmost cases constricted; the apical segments compressed, some- times extraordinarily so, the 2nd ventral segment produced more or less at a right angle to the plane of the 1st, the joint between the median segment and the abdomen exceedingly flexible the insect being able to double its abdomen beneath the thomx and protrude its stmg between the fore legs in front
These beautiful insects are predatory on cochvoachea (Blatta) In Burma I have frequently seen these wasps come into the house and search for their prey under boxes and furniture. In the forest once I watched a rather large specimen of ^. co«^p47 Eabf
254
SPHEGID.E.
struRgling with a huge cockroach ; the Intter was either Paralyzed by a sting or da.ecl with fear, and was being half cbagged by an antenna and fore leg, half hustled and pushed along by the active little wasp.
Key to tlie Species.
A. Fore wing with three cubital cells A. compressa, p. 254.
B Fore wiug with two cubital cells.
a. Abdomen with the basal segmeut narrowed into a petiole. a'. Petiole linear at base, nodose at apex . . A h'. Petiole gradually widened to the apex,
not nodose • ■
Abdomen with the basal segment pseudo-
sesaile.
a' Halsed central portion of the pronotum not elevated at back into a tubercle. d\ Raised central portion of pronotum
transversely striate
h\ Eaised ceuti'al portion of pronotum punctured. Raised central portion of pronotum
w • - ^- p-
6=. Raised'central portion of pronotum
much broader than long A. cognata, p. 257. b\ Eaised central portion of the pronotum elevated posteriorly into a cone or blunt tubercle. a" Cheeks well developed, with a blunt rounded projection posteriorly • • • ■ 6= Cheeks scarcely at all developed, straight, with no rounded projection posteriorly
eonstancere, p. 255. ruficorms, p. 255.
A. novarce, p. 256.
A. sikkiinensis, p. 257. A. a-udelis, p. 258.
473. Ampulex compressa.
Sphex compressa, Fabr Ent. f2/f f
Chlorion compressum, Fabr. Syst. Piez V- ^l^-
Ampules compressa, Jurine, Hym. p. irf*. o Head in front coarsely and strongly punctured ; pronotum tubiJatf a^bL, the raisJd Vor^^^^^-^:^ ^ shortrnediall^tud-l^^^^^^^^^^^ finely and
two coarse P^^^f "f^^' '^^^^^ ^^^^^t narrowed posteriorly and closely punctured ; 7"«f from base, one each
'TTi^s'^^^^^ot^^ posteriorly, another outer one on side ot this siignu) & continuous loop along the edge of
each side forming at apex a coiranucu p a ^^^^^^
the truncation, a shght ^"distinct one tubercle lateral carina on each ^^^e ending in a sha^P "^^Pj^
at each lateral posterior ^^f^f ^^^^.^^^rpoJ^^^^^^^^^^ sparsely the carina transversely striate legs , PO^J somewhat longer
AMPUI.BX.
255
mediate and posterior femora deep red ; the antennas filiform, long ; the flagellum and also the tarsi of the legs black: wings hyaline, slightly fuscescent ; fore wing with three cubital cells, the 1st and 3rd sabequal. each receiving a recuiTent nervure, the 2nd small, nearly square, the 3rd or outer transverse cubital nervure received at some distance from the apex of the radial cell.
Hab. Throughout India, Burma, Ceylon, extending to Africa and to China. $ . Length 15-20 ; exp. 22-30 mm.
474. Ampulex constancese.
Rhinopsis constauceaB, Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) iv, 1891, p. 192, pi. i, fig. 6.
$ . Head very minutely and closely punctured, giving it an opaque appearance; pro- and mesonotum, scutellum and post- scutellum with a few scattered punctures ; median segment coarsely rugose and reticulate ; abdomen smooth and shining ; pronotum with the middle portion raised and deeply longitudinally grooved ; mesonotum convex, with four abbreviated longi- tudinal grooves not reaching the apex ; median segment somewhat flat transversely, striate above, with a medial longitudinal carina and two lateral broader ones converging slightly towards the apex, the apex of the segment rounded, the sides vertical; abdomen smooth and shining, the petiole clavate at apex. Black ; the mandibles, clypeus, antennte, pronotum, the greater part of the meso- pleurse, and mesosternum and apex of the meso- notum, the tegulse, the median segment, the coxte, trochanters, the femora beneath, and tarsi reddish ; the base of the tibiae and apex of the femora obscurely rufescent ; the base of the 1st petiolate abdominal segment whitish ; wings hyaline, a broad fuscous band from the stigma obliquely across the wings.
Hab. Poona, Bombay Presidency. $ . Le7ic/lh 9 ; e.rp. 8 mm. Type in coll. Eothney.
Fig. 68. Ampiilex con- stancets, J . f
475. Ampulex ruficornis.
Rhinopsis ruficornis, Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. C4) ii 1889 p. 115, 2. W , oo ,
2 . Head coarsely, thorax finely punctured ; abdomen smooth, slightly shining ; antenna; rather short, shorter than the thorax ; eyes parallel, an indistinct short keel in front of the anterior ocellus • pronotum raised in the middle, with a deep longitudinal furrow •' mesonotum shorter than the pronotum, with two posteriorly con- vergent, longitudinally impressed lines; scutellum and postscutellum emooth ; median segment above finely transversely striate, pos- teriorly roundly truncate, with an indistinct broad furrow at apex ; above the segment is flattish, with a posteriorly convergent
256
SPHBGID^.
sulcation on each side, bounded on the inside by short carinas, between which again there is a medial longer carina, the upper lateral angles of the segment tuberculate ; petiole clavate at apex ; 2nd abdominal segment long. Head and abdomen black ; the antennae, thorax, median segment, basal hall' of petiole of abdomen, and tarsi red : wings hyaline and iridescent; nervures testaceous, tegulsB blackish.
Hob. Barrackpore, Bengal. ? . Length 10; exp. 11 mm.
*476. Ampulex novarse, Sauss. Novara-Beise, Hym. p. 44, pi. ii, fio's. 26 & 26 a ; Eohl, Ann. Naturhist. Hofmus. Wien, viii, 1893, p?468.
" c? . The clypeus carinate, somewhat compressed. Head punc- tured, no carina on the front above, but above each antenna a short carina. Prothorax slender, strongly compressed, finely trans- versely striate, and divided by a longitudinal groove, not tuberculate posteriorly, but shining ; the prosternum punctured. The meso- thorax coarsely, the mesonotum still more coarsely punctured, the fovea on this short, deep, nearly orbicular. Median segment slender, the apex bidentate, not acutely truncate, above with transverse raised striae, the raised longitudinal strias complete. The medial carina at apex almost obtusely bifurcate ; of the lateral carinas, the 1st pair sinuate, at the base convex, then concave, lastly parallel, the 3rd pair convergent towards the apex, and continuous there with the arch of the medial one, 2nd pair free at base at their origin, at apex ioined on to the arch of the 3rd pair ; the lateral tubercles or teeth projecting sideways ; the posterior face of the segment subconvex like the sides, coarsely reticulate. Abdomen highly polished, impunctate. Metallic blue ; antennaa and the tarsi black ; posterior femora red, with the apex blackish blue ; wings hyahne, nervures fuscous.
" Hah. DarjiUng, Sikhim. $ . Lewjili 16 mm. 6. Length 12 ; wing 7 mm."
*477. Ampulex latifrons, Kohl, Ann. Naturhist. Sofmus. Wien, viii, 1893, p. 461.
2 Pront, vertex, and cheeks smooth, with scattered punctures ; front and vertex broad ; eyes very shghtly convergent towards the vertex ; antenna remarkably stout, the joints of the flagellum constricted at their bases, length of 2nd joint not quite 2, times its breadth at the apex; a short very slight carina over the base of each antenna ; the medial carina of the clypeus bifurcating a its apical third, and forming at the margin two more smaU bu^ distinct teeth; a middle tooth consequently ^^sent ; p onotum not raised into a tubercle, nearly cubical, above almost flat ^th a median longitudinal deeply impressed hne and as well as he mesinotum coarsely but not thickly punctured, a stiff hair springing f^om each puncture ; mesopleurae with coarse scattered punctures ;
AMPCLEI. 257
median segment posteriorly \y\th a very short lateral spine or strictly speaiung, an obtuse protuberance ; legs with the penulti- mate joint of the tarsus enveloping on all sides the basal half of the ■apu-al joint ; the intermediate and posterior tarsi punctured : claws bihd. Abdomen with the dorsal plate of the 2nd segment about V i!!?^'/' '""f Metallic blue or green, sometimes
slightly bronzy ; the antenna and tarsi black, the posterior femora red.
Hab. Sikhim. 2 ' Length 16 mm. Unknown to me. *478. Ampulexjognata, Kokl, Ann. NaturMst. Hofinus. Wien, viii,
2 . Head and thorax punctured, the punctures large and coarse very sparse on the mesonotum, scutellum, postseutellum, and sides of the thorax ; the clypeal carina prominent, bifurcating close to the apex ; eyes sma , separated above by the length of the basal four joints of the flagellum of the antenn^B ; the 3rd, 4th, and 5th joints of the latter subequal; the raised portion of the pronotum very convex, transverse, much broader than long, divided medially by an impressed line; median segment with four carinas the inmost two convergent roughly forming a triangle with the base, the next two rather close together, the outer ending in a blunt tubercle just below the upper posterior angle of the truncated apex of the segment, the spaces between the larger longitudinal carina with raised transverse stria somewhat close together • leo-s stout the posterior tibia with a few coarse punctures, the 2nd and 3rd joints of the tarsi sagittate, the subapical joint abouft half the length of he apical and overlapping it on the underside ■ abdomen strongly compressed, the apical four segments quite flat' vertical, the 2nd strongly produced below at right angles to tfe 1st, above no quite so broad as long. Dark shining bluish green' the centra p ate of the mesonotum, the apical abdominal segment above, and the apical three below brownish, the ante ior^S and basal joint of the tarsi and the posterior four femora de^ red : wings hyahne, mf uscated on the disc of the foreT^ng tSe latter with an appendiculate radial and two cubital cells rthe' I t cubital cell twice the length of the 2nd, receiving the 1st .ecurrent nervure very h tie after its middle, the 3rd cubital cell reachW beyond the radial and receiving the 2nd recurrent nervure Ihf 2nd transverse cubital nervure received at the apex of tSe
Hah. Khdsi Hills. ? . Length 27 ; eccp. 39 mm. d unknown. 479. Ampulex sikkimensis.
Waa|enia sikkimensis, Kriechb. Stettin, ent. Zeit. xxxr (1874),
? . Head and mesonotum smooth, shining, with very sparse anrl fine punctures; front with three short abbreviated
258 srnEGiD^.
quite reaching the level of the anterior ocellus, the cheeks behind the eyes with a prominent tubercle ; pronotum rising into a slight cone-shaped elevation posteriorly, with anteriorly a medial longi- tudinal furrow and a few obscure transverse wrinHes ; median segment from above quadrate, with nine longituamal carinaj, the medial and the next on each side not reaching the truncated nosterior portion of the segment, the 3rd and 4th carinae (counting from the middle on each side) very close together ; the space between the carina transversely striate ; the tubercles at the lateral posterior angles of the segment small ; legs thin and long, the subapical joint of the tarsi short, produced at the sides into angular points; ckws unidcntate ; abdomen smooth, pohshed; dorsal plate of 2nd segment nearly as wide as long. MetaUic blue in places with a greenish tint ; antennae and tarsi black ; posterior femora red ; wings hyaline, slightly fuscescent. ^
Bab. Sikhim; Chinese frontier. ?. Lengili 16-1/; exp.
^"^Amre species: two specimens in the British Museum from the Chinese frontier, which I somewhat doubtfully identify as this species, are all I have seen.
480. Ampulex crudelis, n. sp.
P Head nearly smooth, with a few scattered punctures on the front : thorax and abdomen smooth, im punctate ; clypeus s rongly carhiate, the carina reaching nearly to the anterior ocellus ; at apex the clvpeus is dentate on each side of the carrna : from the WoE each antenna an irregular short carina divergmg slightly base ot eacn an outwards goes up as high as about the
middle of the inner orbits ; the raised \ jj portion of the pronotum gibbous at the back and marked with a medial short mWil slic^ht keel; median segment narrowed posteriorly and truncate, with one short /^/^ ^'«™>*' longitudinal carina in the middle, two / Y sliort convergent carinae, one on each
/ I side of the medial one, two other outer
^. ones running to the lateral angles of
^^?>-% n 1^ an irregularly enclosed space on the Ampule, orudehs, $ . \. ^^^^'^^XS.e truncation, and three more
on each side beyond these Ind partially on the f ^J^^
rfSli aS^tl^^ She-is
basal segment constricted at apex, the 2nd segment no q broad as long, the apical ^^g^^"^
AMPTOIX. — DOLICHUmUS.
259
the disc, fore wing with two cubital cells, the Ist transverse cubital iiervure merely indicated, the outer transverse cubital nervure received some distance from the apex of the radial cell.
Hah. Eaugit Valley, Sikhim. $. Length 15-18; exp. 24- 28 mm.
The nearest ally to this species is A, erytliropus. Kohl, from Ja\a.
Genus DOLICHUEUS.
Pompilus, pt., Spin. Ins. Lig- fasc. 2, p. 62 (1808). Pison, pt., Latr. Qen. Crust, et Lis. iv, p. 57 (1809). Doliciiurus, Latr. Gen. Crust, et Ins. iv, p. 387 (1809).
Type, B. corniculus, Spin. Range. Both hemispheres.
Head subglobose, as wide as or wider than the thorax ; a lamellar tubercle above the bases of the antennae, concave above ; eyes large, oval; ocelli complete, round, rather close together, placed in
a triangle on the vertex ; antennae fili- form, long, the scape thick, about as long as the 2nd joint of the flagellum ; pronotum with the posterior portion raised, quadrate anteriorly, prolonged into a sort of neck; mesonotum very short, its posterior margin nearly in a line with the posterior margin of the tegulae ; scutellum large; median segment flat above, steep at the sides ; posteriorly truncate, the upper surface with longi- tudinal carinae somewhat as in Ampulex ; legs long and slender; femora flattish. Wings— fore wing with one radial and three cubital cells ; the radial cell long, narrow, acute at apex, not appendiculate ; the 1st cubital cell very little longer than the 2nd, the 2nd nearly half as long again as the 3rd, the 2nd and 3rd narrowed towards the radial cell ; the 1st trans- verse cubital nervure geniculated close to its origin and giving off a subobsolete oblique nervure in the Ist cubital cell. Abdomen pseudosessile, subcylindrical, with the margins of one or more of the basal segments constricted ; the terminal segment in the Eastern species acute in the female.
JSTothing is on record as to the habits of the Eastern species of
Kg. 70. — Bolichuriis bi- punctatus, c?. f.
this genus.
Key to the Species.
a. Head and thorax entirely hlack ; lateral
angles of pronotum slightly produced, but
not tuberculate B. taprobancs, p. 260.
b. Head and thorax black, apex of tubercle
above base of antennm and lateral tu- bercles on pronotum whitish yellow D. bipunctatus, p 260
s 2
260 8pni;GiD.€.
481. Dolichurus taprobanffi, Smith, Trans. Ent. Soc lBm^ y. 304, J ; Kohl, Ann. NaturMst. Hofmus. Wien, viii, 18.W, p. 5U.
9 Head thorax, and abdomen smooth and shining, the front below the anterior ocellus rugiilose, the uiesonotuin with a few scattered ponctures ; clypeus with a well-marked medial carina and covered with long stiffish hairs ; lamella above the base of the antennie concave above ; eyes distinctly convergent towards the vertex • pronotum raised in the middle posteriorly, the raised por- tion with the posterior angles slightly projecting : median segment with four longitudinal carinas, the outer pair pined by a trans- verse margin ou the verge of the truncated apex of the segment; the space between the carina transversely rugose, the posterior lateril margins of the segment with a tubercle; abdomen with the apical margin of the basal segment strongly constricted the apical segment narrow and very acute; wmgs hyahne and iridescent, nervures and tegular dark brown. S similar, the front longitudinally striate.
Hah. Burma; Tenasserim ; Ceylon. 5 . Ler^jih 10 ; exp. 16 mm. S . Length 8 ; eccp. 16 mm. Type m the British Museum.
482. Dolichurus bipunctatus, Bingh. Jour. Linn. Soc. 1896, p.439.
^ Head in front densely punctured ; the vertex occiput, pro- and mesonotum, and abdomen smooth; head and thorax with a ^MnThort pube cence, dense only on the clypeus ; pronotum wi h the back portion raised transversely, the latera angles strongly t bercukte; mesonotum with two parallel longitudinal furrows ; medTan segment, the sides steep, truncate posteriorly, above with ^wo inner and t^o outer longer parallel longitudmal Cannes, the Jnner ?wo Ld outer two joined separately by transverse carma ; the space between the carina transversely rugose ; legs stout, non- spLo^the femora flattened ; abdomen short, the posterior margins of the basa' two segments strongly constricted, the 1st above and K lnw the 9nd onlv above. Black, the pubescence fulvous white, below, tlie f i^fce aboTO the base of the antennae, on
Z Z^ J^C-^ tt tubercles on the lateral angles of the pi-onotum whTtfsh'yellow; wings hyahne and mdescent, nervures
^T^erSmTSurnia. . . 9 ; ..p. 16 mm. ? un-
known. Type ii^ coU. British Museum.
Genus TRIRHOaMA. Trirogma, Westw. Trans. Ent. Soc. iii, p. 223 (1841). Type, T. cmruUa, Westw.
ch^kfrnotrwy:.!! developed, the e,es o,.l, re.«U.ug down
TEIKHOGMA,
261
to the base of the mandibles ; ocelli complete, round, rather small, placed in a triangle on the vertex, somewhat close to- gether; antenna filU'orm, inserted beneath a rounded tubercle which is concave above ; mandibles broader in the male than in the female ; pronotum somewhat as in Doli- churus, with its posterior margin transverse and the lateral angles tuberculate ; meso- notum short, its posterior margin not extending beyond the posterior margin of the tegulte ; median segment broad, flat above, with broad prominent lateral pro- jections, truncate posteriorly, the sides not Trirhogma ccBvuloa, |. coming to a sharp angle and not tubercu- late as in Ampulex, traversed dorsally and on the sides above by several longitudinal carinse ; legs long, slender, the intermediate coxae not very widely separated, the coxae and trochanters of all the legs remarkably long, the femora broad and flattened towards the base ; intermediate and posterior tibiae and tarsi slightly spiuose, intermediate tibiae with two apical spines, anterior tarsi not ciliated, claws unidentate in the middle below. Wings rather short; fore v^nng with the radial cell narrow, acute at apex ; three cubital cells ; the 1st equal or nearly equal on the cubital nervure to the 2nd and 3rd united, receiving the 1st recurrent nervure very close to or at its apex ; the 2nd the smallest, the 1st and 2nd transverse cubital nervures enclosing it, arched outwards, then strongly constricted towards the radial cell, the 2nd recurrent nervure received at its apical third ; the 3rd cubital cell bi-oader at apex than at base. Abdomen broad, depressed, often with only three visible segments ; the apical margins of the basal two strongly constricted.
Nothing, so far as I know, is on record as to the habits of the two species of Trirhogma found within our limits.
Ji^ey to the Sj)ecies.
a. Abdomen smooth ; maadibles black T. ccsrulea, p. 261.
b. Abdomen dehcately punctured; mandibles white
at base T.prismatica,^. 262.
483. Trirhogma caerulea, Westio. Trans, mt. Sac. iii, p. 225, pi. xii, figs. 3 J , 3 a to 3 e ; Smith, Cat. iv, p. 273 ; Cam. Mem. Maneh. L. Ph. Soc. (4) ii, 1889, p. 114.
$ . Head in front closely and finely punctured ; vertex, back of the head, pro- and mesonotum, scutellum, and postscutellum with a few scattered punctures ; abdomen smooth, brilliantly polished and shining ; clypeus slightly convex, its anterior margin arched ; pronotum rising posteriorly, with the margin behind transverse and its lateral angles tuberculate; median segment broad, with four medial carina arranged more or less in W-shape and two outer lateral carinffi, the space between the carinas reticulate.
262
SPHBGIDjE.
Dark metallic blue ; the head, thorax, and abdomen covered with a thin hoary pubescence, long and somewhat stiff on the clypeus ; antenujB and the tarsi piceous black ; wings hyaline, nervures and tegulse piceous.
(J very similar, more slenderly made, the lateral tubercles on the pronoturn more prominent, and the scutelium more or less gibbous.
Hab. Throughout India, Burma, and Tenasserim, but not common. ?. Length 15-21; eo-p. 26-30 mm. d. Le-ngth 11-14 ; exp. 20-24 mm.
484. Trirliogma prisma tica, S7nith, Jour. Linn. Soc 1858, p. 99, cJ ; Kohl, Ann. Naturhist. Rofmus. Wien, viii, 1893, p. 513.
A Closely alHed to and resembling T. cceriilea, Westw. ; differs from the same sex in T. cwrulea in the mandibles bemg white at base, the antennae longer and more filiform, ui the mesouotum having two transverse carinas posteriorly, the space between rugose the scuteUum with an elevated tubercle anteriorly, the wings slightly fuscescent, the abdomen punctured and with violet and purple tints in certain lights. , , „ ., „ i o
Hab. Borneo; Tenasserim. 6- Length 12-13; exjp. 18 mm.
9 unknown.
G-enus PSEN. Psen, Lnfr. Prieis Caract. Gen. Ins. p 122 (1793). Sphex, pt.,i^«6r. Ent. Syst. Suppl.vJf{}m' Pelopius, pt., Fahr. Syd. Ihez. p. 202 (1804) Trypoxylou, pt, Fabr. Syd. Piez. p. If (IfOl). Mimesa, pt., Dahlb. Hym. Fur.i Tahl. Sphey. (184-3). Mesopora, Wesm. Bull. Akad. Brux. xix, pt. i, p. 279 (1852).
Type, P. ater, Panz.
Eanqe. Both hemispheres. • . . •
Head transverse, as wide as the thorax ; antenna inserted in the middle or a little below the middle of the face, the flagellum " subclavate ; labrum concealed ; man-
dibles acute, the apex bidentate, the inner tooth shorter than the outer ; thorax very broad, subovate ; pro- noturn transverse. Wings broad, ample; fore wdug with the radial cell long, acuminate at apex; three cubital cells, measured on the cubital nervure the 1st about one-fourth longer than the 3rd, the second about half the length of the 3rd ; the 2ud ,yig-.72- , cubital cell narrowed towards the Psm ptdcherrmus, J . t- ^^^^^^ ^.^jj^ receiving the 1st recui-rent
nervure before the middle ; the 3rd cubital cell at apex about t^Tice Tbroad as it is at base, receiving the 2nd --"^."^^ ^eni^e ne^^^^^^^^ base. Abdomen very long, petiolate, the petiole about the ength of the remaining segments ; male with an upcurved spine at apex 0 abdomen ; female^^osterior tibiae serrated in the Indian species.
PSEN.
2G3
Pour species only are knowu from India : nothing is known about their habits. The European species, however, are said to nest in bramble-stems and in the tubes of sti'aw in thatched bouses, and to store their nests with Aphides.
Key to the Species.
a. Head and thorax black, variegated with
j'ellow P. pulcherrimus, p. 263.
h. Head and thorax entirely black.
a'. Abdomen black P. orientalis, p. Ji63.
b'. Abdomen more or less red.
u^. Base of median segment depressed,
with a furrow to the apex P. nifiventris, p. 264.
J^. Base of median segment not depressed, with one medial and two short lateral carinsB P. davatus, p. 264,
485. Psen pulcherrimus, Bingh. Jour. Linn. Soc. 1896, p. 443.
5 . Head above, thorax, and abdomen smooth and shining ; clypeus small, convex, densely pilose, the front between the eyes broad, the flagellum of the antennse setaceous, ocelli sunk, well separated from each other ; the apex of the mesonotum and the sides and apex of the postscutellum with coarse, outwardlj' oblique strife ; median segment long, rounded posteriorly, with a w ell- marked medial longitudinal furrow ; legs stout, posterior tibiae minutely spinose ; the apices of abdominal segments 2-4 slightly constricted. Head and thorax black ; abdomen ferruginous red ; the scape and basal five joints of the flagellum of the antennas beneath, a line on the pronotum, a spot in front of the tegulas, the tegulae, a large square spot at the apex of the meso- notum, the scutellum and postscutellum, two large oblong spots at the apex of the median segment, the apex of the coxas, the trochanters, femora, tibiae and tarsi of the legs, and the petiole of the abdomen yellow ; the posterior femora, tibiae, and tarsi with a fuscous stain, the apex of the petiole below black ; wings hyaline and beautifully iridescent, nervures testaceous.
Hah. Tenasserim. J • Length 7 ; exp. 12 mm. S unknown. Type in coll. British Museum.
486. Psen orientalis. Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) iii. 1890,
p. 269, 2 .
5 . Closely resembling P. rujiventris, Cam., in form, but the clypeus is ,^„v'7^ larger and more convex ; the enclosed subtriangTilar space at base of the median segment is smaller, not de- ^"^^ pressed, finely not coarsely longi- ^ tudinally striate, and with a shining
Psen orientalis; 5 . ?. ^}^°'''^, '^^^'■'^ ^ "i'™^^' ^^''^ is con-
tinned beyond the apex of the
enclosed space as a fine carina to the apex of the segment ; the
264
SPHBGIDjB.
sides of the median segment with some coarse rugose striae. Entirely black, with sparse hoary pubescence on the head, the sides of the thorax, and median segment.
Hah. Madras ; Pundaloya, Geylon. $. Lengthll; eay. 23mm. Type in coll. liothne}'.
487. Psen rufiventris, Ca?n. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) iii, ]896, p. 207,2-
2 . Head and thorax thinly pubescent and pilose, most dense on the clypeus, the cheeks, the pleursB, and the sides and apex of the median segment; the vertex of the head, the pronotuin, scutelluui, postscutellum, sides and apex of the median segment under the pubescence, and the abdomen smooth and shining ; the clypeus, the front, and the mesonotum finely and strongly punctured ; the clypeus convex, the apex produced, roundly emargiuate, the sides oblique ; median segment with a large subtriangular depressed space at base, coarsely longitudinally striate, and produced at apex into a broad deep furrow running to the apex of the segment ; abdomen, the petiole as long as the head and thorax united, the rest of the abdomen slightly longer ; the 5th segment with a marked constriction near its base. Black, the clypeus and cheeks with golden and the thorax with silvery pile ; the mandibles, antennjB beneath, and the greater part of the legs testaceous, the 2nd and following abdominal segments more or less red shaded with fuscous black ; wings hyaline and pubescent, nervures and tegulse dark brown, nearly black.
Hah. Madras. 2 • Length 9 ; exp. 18 mm. c? unknown. Type in coll. Kothney.
*488. Psen clavatus, Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) iii, 1890, p. 268, 2-
2 . " Smaller than P. rufiventris (8 mm. only), differing from it in the eyes being rounded in front, diverging at apex; in the antennffi "being distinctly clavate, with the 3rd joint not twice the length of the 2nd (in rufiventris it is three times) and not much longer than the 4th ; in the 3rd joint being nearly twice the length of the penultimate ; in there being no furrow behind the ocelli ; m the base of the median segment not being depressed and with three keels down the central part— one central and two lateral keels; the abdomen apart from the black petiole is entirely rufous ; the 2nd cubital cellule is narrowed almost to a point at the top; the head and thorax are more distinctly aciculate, and there are two shallow furrows on the mesonotum, only the four anterior knees, tibise, and tarsi are testaceous, this being also the case with the hinder."
Hab. Poona.
PBMPHRBDON.
265
Genus PEMPHREDOIT.
Crabro, pt., Fabr. Ent. Syst. ii, p. 293 (1793). Pemphredou, Latr. PrSc. Caract. Gen. Ins. p. 128 (1796). Cemonus, Jurine, Ilt/m. p. 214, pi. xi, gen. 28 (1807). Ceratophorus, pt., Shuck. Foss. Hyni. p. 198 (1837). DiphlelDus, pt., Wesfw. Intr. Classif. Ins. ii, Syn. Gen. p. 81 (1840). Chevrieria, Kohl, Mitth. Schweiz. ent. Ges. vi, Heft 10, p. 658 (1883).
Type, P. lugubris, Fabr.
Range. Palaearctic region, and high elevations in the Oriental region.
Head large, subquadrate ; eyes prominent, ovate ; antennas rather widely separated, inserted at the base of the clypeus, transverse ; labruin small and triangular ; mandibles stout, their apex dentate ; thorax broadly oval; the mesonotum and median segment strongly convex, gibbous ; wings with one radial and two cubital cells, the radial and 1st cubital cells subequal, but the latter oblong, the 2nd cubital cell nearly square, about half the length of the 1st cubital cell, each of the cubital cells receives a recurrent nei-vure ; legs moderately long, slender, spinose ; abdomen with the ventral plate of the basal segment forming a long slightly curved petiole, which is longer than the 2nd abdominal segment, the rest of the abdomen lanceolate ; the apex of the abdomen with a single spine ( c? ) or canaliculate ( $ ).
The only Indian species at present known comes from an elevation of 7000 ft. in the Himalayas, and nothing is on record about its habits, which, however, probably resemble those of the European species. The latter nest in holes in old posts and rails, and provision their larva with Aphides.
489. Pemphredon fuscipennis, Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. xli, 1897.
2 . Head and thorax sparsely, sides and apex of the median segment and the petiole of the abdomen above closely and rather coarsely punctured, abdomen smooth and shining ; head, from above, subquadrate, broad, much broader than the thorax ; median segment above smooth, with a semicircle of longitudinal short carinas at its base. Black, the clypeus with silvery pile at the sides, and a fringe of long silvery hair at apex ; the rest of the head, thorax, and abdomen with a very thin covering of short fuscous hairs : wings hyaline, shaded mth fuscous on their apical halves ; nervures brown, tegulae black.
Eab. Mussooree, Northern India. $ . Length 8-9 ; ex^. 17 mm. Type in coll Eothney.
266
SPHBGIDjE.
Genus STIGMUS.
Stigmus, Jurine, Hijm. p. 139, pi. iii, gen. 7 (1807).
Type, S. pendulus, Panz. liange. Both hemispheres.
Head subquadrate, a little wider than the thorax ; antennae inserted at the base of the clypeus ; labrum concealed ; mandibles dentate. Thorax ovate ; median segment roundly truncate, longer than the mesonotum : wings proportionately large ; fore wing with the stigma very large and conspicuous, one radial and two cubital cells, the radial cell acute at apex, the 1st cubital nearly twice the length of the 2nd, receiving the single recurrent nervure beyond the middle; the 2nd cubital cell nearly square : legs simple or very minutely spinose. Abdomen petiolate; petiole longer than the 2nd segment, the rest of the abdomen narrowly ovate, pointed at apex, of this genus are minute and easily overlooked. ;S. congruus. Walk., I found hovering about and settling in some numbers on a hard bank of earth, underneath a rock, on the higher hills in Tenasserim, in April ; but whether the minute holes in the bank were tunnels made by them I cannot venture to say.
Fig. 74.
Stiqmus co7iqruus
?• i The species
Key to the Sjaedes.
a. Clvpeus subtriangiilar, not dentate nor porrect ;
legs testaceous • • congruus, p. 266.
b. Clypeus transverse, 8uhpoiTect,projectiDg at apex,
with a minute tooth on each side ; legs with _
anterior intermediate tarsi only testaceous 5. niger, p. ^b7.
490. Stigmus congruus, Walk. A. M. N. H. (3) v, 1860, p. 304, $ ; Motsch. Bull. Soc. Imp. Nat. Mosc. xxxvi, pt. 2 1863, p. 23; Kohl, Ann. Naturhist. Rofmus. Wien, v, 1890, p. 63.
0 . Vertex of the head, pronotiim, mesonotum anteriorly, scutellum, postscutellum, and abdomen smooth, poUshed and shining ; clypeus subtriangular, slightly convex, suiiace minutely aciculate, anterior margin widely arched ; front shghtly hoUowed, with very tine divergent stria, the orbits marked oft by a deep furrow consisting of a series of very close punctures; the posterior margin of the mesonotum with coarse longitudinal and rather deeply marked stria ; median segment coarsely reticulate, xuth a short deep groove on its posterior slope. Black the mandibles except at apex, the scape, and basal three joints of the flagellum of the antenna beneath, the nervures and tegulse of the wmgs, and the legs testaceous ; the tubercles white ; wings hyaline.^
Hah. Sikhim; Tenasserim; Ceylon. $. Leiigi^i r5; exp. 12 mm.
STIGMUS. — PASSALffiOUS.
267
491. Stigmus niger. Motsch. Bull. Soc. Nat. Mosc. 1863, p. 23.
Stigmus congruus, Eohl, Ann. Naturhist. Hofmus. Wien, v, 1890, p. G3 {nec Walk.).
$ . Closely allied to and resembling S. congruus, "Walk., but the clypeus is markedly subporrect, projectiug at the apex, with a blunt tooth at each side, and smooth, pohshed, and shining, not aciculate ; the median segment is somewhat shorter and more steeply sloped ; the base strongly coarsely striate, with a triangular space enclosed by convergent furrows continued from the apex of the enclosure to the apex of the segment as a deep medial furrow ; the sides are coarsely reticulate; with a large oval smooth space in the middle. Black and shining, the mandibles in the middle, the scape of the antennsB, and the tibiae and tarsi of the anterior and intermediate legs only testaceous.
Hah. Ceylon. $ Length 6 ; exp. 11 mm. d unknown.
Kohl {l. c.) joins these two species, but the specimens I have seen differ as above, and I have kept them separate.
Genus PASSALCECUS.
Pemphredon, pt., Van d. Lind. Metn. Acad. Sc. Belg. v, p. 78 (1829). Diodonotus, pt., Curtis, Brit. Ent. iv, pi. 496 (1835). Passaloecus, Shuck. Fuss. Hym. p. 188 (1837).
Type, P. insignis, Van d. Lind. Range. Palasarctic and Oriental regions.
Head subquadrate, wider than the thorax ; eyes ovate, reaching down to the base of the mandibles, their inner orbits slightly convergent towards the clypeus; clypeus transverse, the labrum shghtly exserted, entire ; thorax elongate oval; pronotum transversely Linear; mesonotum convex, gibbous anteriorly; median segment elongate, slopmg posteriorly, not truncate. Wings —fore wing with one radial and two cubital cells ; radial cell long, its apex acute ; 1st cubital cell long, three times the length of the 2nd, which is con- stricted above towards the radial cell ; the 1st cubital cell receives the Ist, the 2nd cubital cell the 2nd recurrent nervure. Legs short slender, destitute of spines. Abdomen elongate, cyhndrical- the ventral plate of the basal segment formed into a short petiole the 2nd segment constricted at base. '
So far as I know, only the one species described below has as vet been recorded from the Oriental region. The European species make their nests in rose-stems, old pahngs, &c.
Fig. 75. Passalcecus leuipes, J .
268
SPHBGID^.
492. Passaloecus levipes, n. sp.
5 . Head, thorax in front, and abdomen smooth, median segment coarsely transversely striate ; clypeus subtriangular, transverse ; front of the face and head strongly concave ; the cheeks behind the eyes widened ; median segment subeylindrical with the apex truncate ; a wide shallow median longitudinal furrow from base to apex of truncation, face of truncatiou smooth and shining ; abdomen longer than the head and thorax together, petiole short. Dark obscure green ; the mandibles at base, the sca])e and basal three joints of the flagellum of the antennjB, the trochanters, base and apex of the femora, the tibiae and tarsi of the anterior and intermediate legs, and the trochanters, tibiae and tarsi of the posterior legs, yellow ; wings hyaline and iridescent, nervures and tegulse testaceous yellow.
Hah. Karennee, 4000 ft., Tenasserim. $ . Length 8; exp. 15 mm. cj unknown. Type in the British Museum.
Genus NYSSON.
Mellinus, pt., Fahr. Bnt. Syst. ii, p. 285 (1793). Nysson. Latr. Precis Caract. Gen. Ins. p. 126 (1796). Pompilus, pt., Fabr. Ent. Si/st. Suppl. p. 246 (1798). Ceropales, pt., Fabr. Sijst. Piez. p. 185 (1804). Oxybelus, pt., Fabr. Syst. Piez. p. 316 (1804).
Type, iV. spinosus, Fabr. Range. Both hemispheres.
Head transverse, as wide as the thorax or a little narrower :
eyes ovate, ocelli in a triangle on the vertex ; antennae inserted at the base of the clypeus, the scape short, wader at apex than at base, flagellum shghtly incrassate ; clypeus wider than high, rounded anteriorly ; mandibles uni- dentate. Thorax ovate, the prono- tum transverse; median segment roundly truncate, with a stout spine on the posterior lateral angles ; legs
^.^ . ^ , slender, simple, slightly pubescent.
Wings broad: fore wing with one radial and three cubital cells ; the radial cell long, the apex acute, stretching beyond tl^e cubital cells; 1st cubital cell longer than the 2nd and 3rd united, the 2ud petiolate, receiving both recurrent nervures ; the 3rd equal to the 2nd, strongly constricted at top. Abdomen pseudosessde, the apex more or less curved downw^ards ; 2nd ventral seg- ment produced almost at right angles to the plane of the 1st segment.
Fig. 76.
Nysson erythropoda, 5 •
Key to the Species.
a. Abdomen, basal segments red with lateral yellow spots
N. rugosus, p. 269.
NTsaoy.
269
b. AMoraen, basal segments black with lateral yellow spots. a'. Wings hyaline ; with a yellow stripe on
the pronotiiui ; legs red N. erythropoda, p. 269.
6'. Wings fiisco-hyaline ; no yellow stripe
on the pronotum ; legs black N. basalts, p. 209.
493. Nysson rugosus, Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) iii, 1890,
p. 242, pi. ix, figs. 13 & 13a.
? . Head, thorax, and abdomen coarsely rugose punctate, clypeus with the apex bidentate, a prominent wedge-shaped projection on the front above the base of the antennae ; median segment steeply sloped and concavo-truncate posteriorly ; mesopleurae prominent, punctured but not carinate beneath near the sternum. Eiack ; a spot on the scape in front, the posterior margin of the pronotum, a short transverse line at the base of the scutellum, the anterior and intermediate coxae in front, and elongated lateral spots on the posterior margins of the basal four abdominal segments, yellow ; the spots on the 3rd and 4th segments small; the basal segment above, the basal two segments beneath, and the legs variegated with red; the face in front, the vertex and cheeks, and the sides of the thorax vi'ith silky silvery pile inclining to golden in certain lights ; wings fusco-hyaline.
_ -ffaS. Barrackpore, Bengal. 2 • Length 7 ; exp.l^ mm. Type ui coll. Eothney.
494. Nysson erythropoda, Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc f4) iii
1890, p. 242, pi. ix, figs. 18 & 18 «.
$ . Clypeus porrect, finely punctured, the apex truncate ; the front and vertex of the head, the scutellum, and postscutellura very coarsely and strongly punctiu-ed, rugose : the middle of the pronotum, the mesonotum, and the abdomen above less coarsely and more widely punctured, the punctures on the abdomen finer and shallower ; median segment coarsely roughly reticulate, the apex concavo-truncate, its upper lateral angles tuberculate ; mesopleurse bulgmg, prominent, coarsely punctured, the angle below keeled ; the metapleuras smooth, the sides of the median segment coarsely punctured. Black ; the posterior margin of the pronotum, a spot at the base of the scutellum, and lateral elongate spots on the basal t\yo abdominal segments yellow ; the mandibles, the tegulas of the wings, and the legs red, the antenn£e rufo-fuscous ; the sides of the thorax and the coxse and femora of the legs covered with glittering silvery pile ; ^vings hyaline and iridescent, nervures testaceous.
Hab. Barrackpore, Bengal. $. Length 6^ : e.vp. 12 mm c? unknown. Type in coll. Eothney.
*495. Nysson basalis, Smith, Cat. iv, p. 355, d; Handl. Sitznngsb. Akad. Wiss. Wien, xcv, 1887, p. 401 ; Cam. Mem. Manch. L Ph -Sbc. (4) lii, 1890, p. 241.
c?. " Length 4 lines (8-5 mm.),— Black, the face thinly covered
270
SPHEGIDjE.
with silvery pubescence ; the apical joint of the antenna; rufo- testaceous ; the head anrl thorax rugose ; the posterior angles of the reetathorax covered with silvery pubescence ; the wings fusco- hyaline. The base of the abdomen covered with silvery pile ; at the lateral apical margins of the basal four segments an elongate subovate yellowish-white macula, each in succession smaller than on the basal segment, sometimes a minute one on the 5th segment ; the lateral apical margins of the 6th and 7th segments produced into acute spines, the apical margin of the 7th rounded. " Hab. India (coll. W. W. Saunders)."
Genus HELIORYCTES.
Helioryctes, Smith, Cat. iv, p. 358.
Type, U. melanopyrus, Smith. Range. Africa (West Coast) ; India ; Burma. " Head transverse, about the width of the thorax ; eyes oval, con- verging at the vertex ; the stemmata placed in a triangle towards
the vertex ; antennae short, subfiliform, slightly thickened in the middle, pointed at the apex ; the scape short, thick, and cylindrical ; the first joint of the flagellum short, about half the length of the second, the rest of about equal length ; mandi- bles toothed within, with a dentate pro- Fig 77. ^
cess beneath towards the base ; the Helioryctes ammilis, $. j^^^^^ concealed. Thorax rotundate, the
collar narrow, transverse ; the scutellum transverse, oblong- quadrate ; the metathorax truncated, with a mucro at the sides and about the middle of the truncation ; the superior wings with one marginal (radial) and three submarginal (cubital) cells ; the marginal cell elongate, rounded at the apex, slightly appendiculate ; the first submarginal cell elongate, twice the length of the second and third united ; the second submarginal ceU petiolated ; the third oblique, of nearly equal width ; the first recurrent nervure received by the first submarginal cell near its apex ; the second recurrent nervure entering the second submarginal cell near its apex; the legs stout; the anterior tarsi ciliated outside, the intermediate and posterior tibiae spinose ; the claws simple, having a pulvillus in their fork. Abdomen ovato- conic, truncated at the base, the apex acute."—- Sfjm«/i.
To Mr Smith's accurate and fall description I have to add an important particular— a detail of character which seems to have been overlooked. Tlie posterior coxce are armed at tlieir apex, in both 2 and 6, with a long acute spine pointing backwards. In the tvpe of the genus, the posterior coxa of which is figured above, this is very prominent; but in the Indian species described below the spine is reduced to an obscure tubercle on the underside of
^^^E^melanopijrus, on which this genus was founded, is from the
HELIOByCTES. — G0RYTB8.
271
GtiTubia district in West Africa. From West Africa also there is in the collection of the British Museum one specimen of a third species of this genus, possessing the characters as given by Smith, and also the coxal spines. In the collection it stands as Para- nysson abdominah, Guerin, and answers well enough to Guerin's brief description so far as this goes. The genus Paranysson was indicated (scarcely diagnosed) by Guerin in his ' Iconographie du E^gne Animal de G. Cuvier : Insectes,' p. 441; but the description was so slight and incomplete that in my opinion Smith's name for the genus must stand. I may further note that Handlirsch (Sitzungsb. Aijad. Wiss. Wien, 1887, p. 282) unites Paranysson with Nysson.
496. Helioryctes assimilis, n. sp.
? S ■ Head, the clypeus and front to a little above the base of the antennae, the cheeks, and the sides and apex of the mesonotum and of the median segment densely pilose ; the front above, the pro- and mesonotum, scutellum and postscutellum finely and closely punctured ; the vertex of the head more sparingly punc- tured ; median segment with a large triangular space at base enclosed by fine convergent carinaB, coarsely reticulate, the sides under the pile smooth ; abdomen broad, as long nearly as the head and thorax together, subcordate, smooth and shining, the base slightly concave. Black, the abdomen dark red ; the femora, tibiae, and tarsi of the legs piceous, the dense pile on the head and thorax silvery ; wings hyaline, lightly but broadly fuscous on their apical margins, nervures and tegulae" fuscous brown.
Hah. Sikhim; Tenasserim. $ d . Length 6-7; exp. 10 mm.
Genus GORYTES.
Crabro, pt., Fair. Syst. Ent. p. 373 (1775). Mellinua, pt., Fair. Ent. Syst. ii, p. 285 (1793). Pompihis, pt., Fabr. Syst. 'PIpz. p. 187 (1804). Ceropales, pt., Fahr. Si/st. Piez. p. 185 (1804). Gorytes, Latr. Hist. Nat. xiii, p. 308 (1805), Arpactus, Jurine, Hym. p. 192 (1807).
Hoplisus, Euspono-ns. Lestiforus, Psatnmoecius, Lepel. Ann. Soo. Ent. Fr. i, p. 50 (1832).
Megalorama, pt., Smith, A. M. N. H. (4) xiii, p. 405 (1873). Type, G. mystaceus. Linn. Ranqe. Both hemispheres.
Head transverse ; eyes oval, the inner orbits convergent towards the clvpeus or parallel, sometimes convergent in the female, parallel m the male ; shape of clypeus dependent on convergence or other- wise of the eyes below; mandibles bidentate; labrum exserted and fringed with long setae; antennae inserted just above the base of the clvpeus, the flagellum shghtly incrassate or filiform ; ocelli in a curve placed well forward on or just below the vertex Thorax ovate ; the pronotum tranaverse ; the scutellum transverse^
272
SPHBGlDiB.
rather long ; median segment rounded, sometimes gibbous poste- riorly, a small triangular space at base enclosed by furrows always present ; legs of moderate length, stout, the tro- chanters two-jointed ; anterior tarsi ciliated ; the intermediate tibias with two apical spines. Wings somewhat broad in proportion : fore wing with one radial and three cubital cells, the radial cell GorytesSi^- h elongate; the 1st cubital cell on the " cubital nervure about the same length
as the 2nd and 3rd united ; the 2nd strongly narrowed towards the radial, receiving both recurrent nervures; the 3rd quad- rangular and oblique. Abdomen ovato-conic, curved at apex ; the basal segment often narrowed or subpetiolate campannliform, or even produced into a lengthened somewhat slender petiole ; the 2nd ventral segment in some species suddenly produced at right angles with the plane of the 1st segment.
Key to the Sjiecies.
A. Eyes convergent below.
a. Basal abdominal segment black.
a'. Fore wing fasciated. Length, $ 5-6
^^m^, _ °_ G. ornaius, p. 2, J.
h'. Fore wing not fasciated. Length, 2
9-13 mm G. alipes,^.
b. Basal abdominal segment red G. amaiorius ? , p. J/d.
B. Eves not convergent below ; inuer orbits
parallel. ..
a. Basal segment formed into a long petiole . . G. ffree7iii, p. Zil.
b. Basal segment not formed into a petiole,
hut attenuated at base. a'. Head and thorax black. ^ • , o-q
a\ Basal abdominal segment red G. amatorius cS,V-^'
J^ Basal abdominal segment black.
aK Clypeus, 5 , entirely yellow .... G. tmpger, p. 2/4. Clvpeus black, with a short yellow streak on each side at base .... G. politus, p. v. Head and thorax entirely red varie- gated with yellow, or red variegated with yellow and a Uttle black G. pictus, p. 2/ 5.
497. Gorytes omatus. ^ c-^ j.
Harpactus ornatus, Smith, Cat. iv, p.371, $; Handl. Sitzur,9sb.
Akad. Wiss. Wien, xcvii, 1888, p. 443; Cam. Mem. Manch. L.
Ph. Sue. (4) iii, 1890, p. 239. 0 Head and thorax and 2nd abdominal segment very sparsely nunctured, rest of abdomen smooth and shining; head broad, eyes distinctly divergent at vertex ; a deep furrow between tbe meso- notum and scutellum, the enclosed space at the base ot the meduin segment rugose. Black ; the scape in front, the clypeus, a me al?ng the inner orbits of the eyes, the labrum, palpi, ^nd mandibles yellow a ferruginous stain along the eyes at top and behind the
GOEYTBS.
273
vertex ; the thorax red ; the abdomen with a narrow transverse band on the apical margin of the 2nd segment white, the band broadening on the side of the segment into a large ovate macula, the 5th settment white above ; legs black, variegated with rufous ; wings hyahne, with a faint subapical cloud crossing the front wing. Hah. Northern India; Burma. $ . Length 5-6; exp. 11 mm.
498. Goryies alipes, n. sp.
$ S . Head, thorax, and abdomen obscurely pruinose, eyes strongly convergent below ; clypeus narrowly triangular, convex, its anterior margin transverse ; front with a vertically impressed line ; median segment slightly compressed laterally, roundly trun- cate posteriorly ; a triangular space at base smooth and shining-, enclosed by shallow convergent fuiTows, which, after junction, are continued as a single furrow to the apex of the segment ; abdomen with the basal segment forming a stout petiole. Black, the clypeus, scape of the antennae, a line on the pronotum posteriorly,, a line on the anterior lateral margins of the mesonotum, the post- scutellum, the anterior and intermediate femora, tibiae, and tarsi, the posterior tibife and tarsi, and the apical margins broadly of the basal four segments of the abdomen yellow ; the intermediate femora and the posterior tibiae black above, the transverse band on the basal abdominal segment emarginate in the middle, and the bands on the remaining segments very wide laterally ; clypeus covered with a dense silvery pile, flagellum of antennae beneath fulvous : wings hyaline, nervures and tegulae testaceous.
Hah. Bombay ; Malabar coast ; Tenasserim. 5 • Length 9-13 ; exp. 17-25 mm. c? slightly smaller.
499. Gorytes amatorins, Smith, Tr. Ent. Soc. 1875, p. 39, 5 ; Hancll. Sitzuiiqsb. Akad. Wiss. Wien, xcvii, 1888, p. 536 ; Cam. Mem. Mancli.L. Ph. Soc. (4) iii, 1890, p. 240, pi. ix, fig. 15.
2 . Vertex of the head and thorax coarsely punctured, the punctures sparser and coarser on the thorax than on the head, the median segment and abdomen smooth, shining, almost im- punctate; the eyes strongly convergent below; clypeus narrow laterally, almost twice as high as it is broad ; front above the antennae slightly concave, with a medial verticallv-impi-essed line; median segment roundly truncate posteriorly. Black, the clypeus with thick silvery pile, the apex and sides of the median segment with a thin, short, hoary pubescence ; the scape of the antennae, a line on the pronotum, the tubercles, a spot above the tegulae, the postscutellum, a broad transverse band (sometimes interrupted) at the apex of the basal abdominal segment, and narrower transverse anteriorly bi-emarginate lines on the posterior margins of the succeeding four segments white, the basal abdominal segment and the coxae, femora, and the tibias anteriorly ferruginous, the tibite posteriorly and the tarsi white, the apical joint of the posterior tarsi black ; wings hyaline, nervures and tegulffi testaceous.
(S similar : differs in having the inner orbits of the eyes nearly VOL. I. i
274
sph£gjd;e.
parallel, not strongly convergent towards the clypeus ; the clypeus in consequence much broader, rounded anteriorly, black, not yellow : the legs more reddish ; and the wings hyaline, with a sub- apical fuscous spot on the fore wing.
Hah. Burrackpore ; Bombay. $ . Length 7 ; exp. 14 mm. cf . Length 6 ; c.vj>. 14 mm.
It is with some hesitation I have assigned a J from Bombay to the 2 type of this species from Barrackpore ; but the sculpture and markings are identical almost, notwithstanding the parallel non-convergent eyes and the maculated fore wing.
500. Gorjrtes greeni, mnffk. P. Z. S. 1896, p. 444, ? , pi. xv, fig. 8.
$ . Head not so broad as the thorax, smooth, the front con- cave, medially finely furrowed, and with a few scattered fine punctures, obscurely pilose ; clypeus transversely oval, slightly pubescent; pronotum and abdomen smooth and shinmg ; meso- notum very finely, rather irregularly, longitudinally striate ; scu- tellum, postscuteilum, and the enclosed triangular space at the base of the median segment more coarsely longitudinally striate ; sides and apex of the median segment pubescent, irregularly reticulate beneath the pubescence ; pro- and mesopleurse with obscure longi- tudinal fine striffi. Brownish red, the abdomen, except at base and apex of petiole and base of 2nd segment, much darker, almost black - the scape, a narrow line not reaching the \ertex on the inner orbits, the base of the mandibles, a broad stripe on the posterior margin of the pronotum, the scutellum, a fine line pos- teriorly on the postscuteilum, a broad band on the apical margin of the"2nd abdominal segment, a narrower, rather obscure line on the apical margins of the 3rd and 4th, and a broader one on the apical margin of the 5th, yellow ; wings light flavo-hyaline and iridescent, the fore wing with a subapical large brown macula on the costal margin ; tegular and stigma testaceous, nervures brown. Mab. Ceylon. 5 . Length 14 ; exp. 32 mm. d unknown The figure in the plate of the P. Z. S. has the petiole a tnfle too long. This species belongs to the section separated by bmith as Megalomma.
501. Gorytes impiger, u. sp.
5 . Head and thorax rather coarsely and abdo- men at the bases of the segments rather finely punctured, the margins of the segments smooth ; clypeus transverse, the front with a faintly im- pressed vertical line ; the enclosed triangular space at the base of the median segment coarsely longitudinally striate, with the limiting furrows well marked. Dull dark brown, the mandibles, . . the clypeus, a broad line on the inner orbits pig.79 ^bo„t-'Llf«ay up the front, a very fine hue
^" in the middle of the outer orbits, the scape of the antennae, a broad line on the posterior margins of the
GOBYTEB.
275
pronotiim and of the scutellum, the tubercles, a spot behind them, the auterior aud intermediate femora, tibiaa, and tarsi, and broad transverse fasciae on the postei-ior margins of the lst-4th segments of the abdomen above yellow; the Hagellum of the antenute, the anterior and intermediate femora beneath, and the posterior femora, tibiae, and tarsi Hght ferruginous yellow ; wings hyahne, the nervures and tegulae testaceous yellow, the radial, the 2nd cubital, and the upper half of the 3rd cubital cell iu the fore wing clouded with fuscous brown.
Hab. Tenasserim. $. Length 8; exp. 17 mm. c? unknown. Type iu the British Museum.
502. Gorytes politus, n. sp.
5 . Head and thorax closely and finely punctured, the sides of the face and the clypeus densely and the abdomen lightly pruinose, clypeus subtriangular, interior orbits of the eyes parallel ; the enclosed triangular space at the base of the median segment with the limiting furrows well-marked, the entire median segment posteriorly longitudinally striate. Black, the clypeus and sides of the face with dense silvery pile, an abbreviated yellow line on the upper lateral margins of the clypeus ; a line on the pronotum, the tubercles, a broad line on the scutellum, and broad subapical transverse fasciae on the lst-4th segments of the abdomen above yellow ; the margins of the segments narrowly testaceous brown ; the flagellum of the antennae beneath and at base above and the legs fusco-ferruginous ; wings hyaline, the nervures and tegulae testaceous, the costal margin of the fore wing at base narrowly and at apex broadly fuscous.
Bab. Bombay; Western India. 5. Length 11; e.vp. 22 mm. cJ unknown. Type in the British Museum.
503. Gorytes pictus, Smith, Cat. iv, p. 365, $ ; JIandl. Sitzimgsh.
Akad. Wiss. Wien, xcvii, 1888, p. 537 : Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) iii, 1890, p. 240. Gorytes tricolor, Smith, Trans. JEnt. Soc. 1875, p. 40, J <j" .
2 . Head, thorax, and abdomen with a few shallow scattered punctures, almost smooth ; head about as wide as the thorax, face and front slightly concave, eyes not convergent below ; clypeus transverse, slightly convex ; median segment compressed, rounded posteriorly, almost truncate, the enclosed triangular space at base longitudinally striate. Head black; thorax and abdomen reddish ; the base of the mandibles, the upper two-thirds of the clypeus, an elongate spot on the inner orbits above the base of the antennae, a spot in front on the apex of the scape, a line on the pronotum, the tubercles, a broad stripe posteriorly on the scutellum, and a medially-interrupted obscure line on the pos- terior margin of the basal abdominal segment, yellow; the pronotum in front, the base of the scutellum, the postscutellum, the enclosed space at the base of the median segment, the base broadly of the 2nd abdominal segment, narrowly of the 3rd and 4th, and the whole
T 2
276
BPUEGIDjE.
of the apical two segments black ; the apical margin narrowly of the 2nd segment and broadly of the 3rd and 4th fulvous brown ; the antenna} and legs pale reddish ; wings hyaline, with a large fuscous subapical spot on the fore wing. , ■, , a
Var The black on the thorax and abdomen replaced by red ana the fulvous brown on the 2nd-4th abdominal segments replaced by bright yellow ; some specimens with the red colounng have the bases of the 2ud-4th abdominal segments black, as m the typical
^.^^d's^miiar, but the clypeus and face up to the base of the antennae entirely yellow. , ^ n
Hah. Barrackpore; Calcutta; Madras. ?. Length 7-9; exi?.
16-18 mm.
Genus STIZUS.
Sphex, pt., Fabr. Syst. Ent. p. 346 (1775). CU^, V, Fair. Ijst. Ent%. 373 (mSV
Wiss. Wien, ci, 1892, p. 26. Larra, Smith, Cat. iv, p. 337 (1856).
Type, S. nificornis, I'abr.
Banne. Both hemispheres. f^„„+ Head subglobose, generally not so wide as the thorax ; front slightly concave; ocelH placed in a triangle on the vertex; eyes We ovate, their inner orbits parallel, often sbghtly convergent towards the clypeus ; clypeus transverse, broader than long ; labrum Ts::t:AXtZt so ikedlyas in its ^-^^^^-^l^
rounded ; mandibles not dentate within nor incised on their outer Margin ; antenna, more or less filiform, in the male the apical ]o nts Xn abnormal, spined, curved, &c ; thorax stout ; the pronotum transverse ; the median segment of varying f°rm, gene a Uy sho^^^^^ truncate posteriorly, --times^conc^^^^^^^^ sides
moderately long, the anterior tarsi in the female ciliated with long spines ; the coxsb massive, the inter- mediate tibiae with two apical spines; the intermediate and posterior tibiae and tarsi moderately spinose, claws simple : wings of moderate length ; fore wing with one radial and three cubital cells, the radial ceU short ; the 1st cubital cell, measured on
Fig. 80.— Stizus rufescens, 2 ■ \-
STIZUS.
277
radial cell : abdomen elongate, massive, the 1st segment never petiolate or narrowed, its base generally truncate or steeply sloped ; no furrow between the 1st and 2nd ventral segments ; pygidium bare, convex, the apex rounded, margined.
Very little is known of the habits of the species of this genus. In Burma -S". rufescens, Smith, was common in the hot weather on the sandy banks of rivers, sitting on the damp sand in company with Megachile, Nomia, Bemhex, &c. I never found its nest, but once caught a $ carrying a small Cicada.
Key to the Species.
A. Wings fuscous.
a. Wings not hyaline at base or apex ....
b. Wings hyaline at base and at apex. a'. Apical three segments of abdomen.
red
b'. 2nd and 3rd and base of 4th segment of abdomen only red
c. Wings hyaline at apex of fore wing only.
B. Wings flavo-hyaline.
a. Median segment striate at apex
b. Median segment not striate. a'. Eyes with the inner orbits parallel.
Length 20-25 mm
b'. Eyes with the inner orbits divergent towards the apex. Length 14-20 mm
C. Wings clear hyahne.
a. Head yellow, vertex only black. Length
ly mm
b. Head black, the clypeus, a line along the
inner orbit, and the scape of the an- tennse only 3'eUow. Length 7-10 mm. a' . Vertex around the ocehi punctm'ed ; mesonotum anteriorly with two parallel longitudinaUy impressed
lines
b'. Vertex and mesonotum smooth. a^. The yellow markings on the thorax and abdomen large, conspicuous . b^. The yehow markings on the thorax and abdomen small and not con- spicuous
504. Stizus vespiformis.
Sphex vespiformis, Fabr. Spec. Inn. i, p. 447.
Stizus vespiformis, Dahlh. Ilym. Eur. i, p. 154 ; Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Hoc. (4) iii, 1890, p. 245 ; Handl. Sitzuiigsb. Akad. Wiss. Wien, ci, 1892, p. 147.
$ . Head, pronotum, and abdomen smooth and shining ; meso- notum, scutellum, postscutellum, and median segment with
S. vespiformis, p. 277.
S. caloptery.v, p. 278.
S. cornutiis, p. 278. S. blandinus, p. 279.
S. mellem, p. 280. <S. rufescens, p. 280. S. biclipeatus, p. 279.
S. melano.vanthus, p. 283.
S. reversus, p. 281. S. lateralis, p. 281. S. prismaticus, p. 282.
278
SPHEGID^.
very minute and close but shallow punctures ; head not i\mte 80 wide as the thorax ; the clypeus broad anteriorly, broadly but not deeply emarginate, the sides oblique, the front flat ; the anterior ocellus in a slight hollow ; mesonotum anteriorly with a short, shallow, medial longitudinal furrow ; median segment with a semicircular line furrow about midway ; abdomen stout, broad, much longer than the head and thorax uuited. Head, pronotum, anterior femora at apex, the tibias, tarsi, and 2nd and following segments of the abdomen red ; the thorax and basal abdominal segment black ; the clypeus covered with a thin silvery pile ; wings fuscous, with a purple eif ulgence.
similar, but the base of the clypeus, the vertex and head pos- teriorly, and the base of the 2nd segment of the abdomen black.
Hab. Punjab; North- West Provinces; Madras. $. Length 22-25 ; exp. 40-45 mm. d • Length 17-20; e.vp. 40-43 mm.
505. Stizus calopteryx.
Larra fasciata, Fabr. Ent. Syst. Suppl. p. 253 (nee Bemhex {rede Stizus) fasciata, Fahr. Spec. Ins. i, p. 458) ; SmiiJ}, Cat. iv, p. 342.
Stizus fasciatus, Cum. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) iii, 1890, p. 244.
Stizus calopteryx, Handl. Sitzungsb. Akad. Wiss. Wien, ci, 1892, p. 110.
5 . Head, pronotum, scutellum, postscutellum, and base of median segment rather sparsely but finely, mesonotum and abdomen more closely punctured ; clypeus convex, almost trans- versely rectangular, its anterior border very shghtly emarginate ; the enclosed space at the base of the median segment shining, rather sparsely but strongly punctured, with a trace of a medial longitudinal furrow which is continued down to the apex of the segment. Light red, the posterior face of the median segment and the basal three abdominal segments black ; wings fuscous, with a brilliant purple effulgence, broadly hyaline at base and apex.
cj similar, more slender, light red, the front and vertex of the head more or less, the mesonotum except a broad line laterally, the scutellum, postscutellum, median segment, basal three abdo- minal segments and basal half of the 4th black.
Hab. Sikhim ; Barrackpore ; Bangalore. ? . Length 16-20 ; exp. 30-36 mm. 6 . Length 13 ; exp. 26 mm.
506. Stizus cornutus.
Larra cornnta, Smith, A. M. N. S. (4) xii, 1873, p. 403, 2 • Stizus cornutus, Handl. Sitzungsb. Akad. Wiss. Wien, ci, 1892, p. 112 ; Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) iii, 1890, p. 244.
5 . Head opaque, densely pilose on the front, the pile thin and sparse on the vertex and cheeks ; pronotum smooth ; mesonotum and scutellum densely pruinose, with a medial longitudinally impressed line on the disc of the former, and two other lateral parallel extremely short lines closer to the teguh-e ; postscutelliim, the base narrowly and the sides more broadly of the median
STIZUS.
279
segment closely and finely punctured, the posterior half of the segment densely pubescent; abdomen smooth, sliglitly shining, the base densely pilose, the apical segment above with short stiff hairs. Black, the pile on the head and at the base of the abdomen, and the long pubescence on the median segment silvery ; the 2nd, 3rd, and base of the 4th abdominal segment red : wings dark fuscous, with a purple effulgence, silvery hyaline at base up to the line of the basal nervure of fore wing, and at apex of the fore wing from beyond the 3rd cubital cell.
Hah. Bombay. $ . Length 19 ; exp. 36 mm.
507. Stizus hlandinus.
Lan-a blancliiia, Smith, Cat. iv, p. 340, $ c?-
Stizus blandinus, Cam. Mem. Munch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) iii, 1890, p. 244 ; I£a7idL Sitzungsb. Akad. Wiss. Wien, ci, 1892, p. 107.
5 . Head, thorax, and abdomen very finely and closely punctured ; clypeus convex, broad, the anterior border emarginate in the middle, obhque at the sides ; median segment convex medially at base and slightly pubescent. Black, the 2nd and following segments of the abdomen red ; wings dark fuscous with a purple effulgence, the apex of the fore wing broadly hyaline ; the clypeus, front of the face, and legs with silvery pile.
cJ similar, more pubescent, the pubescence silvery on the median segment, fulvous on the apical three abdominal segments.
Hab. Calcutta ; North India {Smith) ; Allahabad. $ d • Length 16-20 ; exp. 35-38 mm.
508. Stizus biclipeatus.
Vespa biclipeata, Christ, Natiirg. d. Ins. p. 223, tab. xix, fig. 6, 5 . Larra cingulata, Fahr. Ent. Syst. Stippl. p. 253. Larra nubilipemiis, Smith, Cat. iv, p. 347, $ .
Stizus biclipeatus, Randl. Sitziinff.^b. Akad. Wiss. Wien, ci, 1892, p. 137, pi. ii, fig. 15. 2 . Head and thorax opaque, finely and very closely punctured, the punctures shallow ; the clypeus and front above the base of the antennae thinly pilose ; median segment densely pubescent, the front between the antenna raised, convex, with a medial impressed line running up to the anterior ocellus ; eyes moderately divergent at top ; median segment short, steeply sloped from base and concavo-truncate at apex, the sides not produced back ; abdomen smooth, slightly shining. Honey-yellow ; a transverse stripe on the vertex between the eyes, a spot surrounding the anterior ocellus, the mesonotum (in the majority of specimens), the meso- and the metapleurse, a crescentic marlc on the median segment above, one or two oblique stripes on the truncated portion, and a transverse band on the apical margins of the basal two abdomiiial segments black, with some indistinct fuscous and ferruginous marks on the remaining segments ; the mesonotum anteriorly with two abbreviated longitudinal lateral stripes yellow ; wings fulvo- hyaline, a subapical fuscous cloud occupying the radial and 2nd and 3rd cubital cells of fore wing.
280 bphegid;e.
Var. The antennsB, mesonotum, and basal abdominal segment rufo-fulvoLis ; the mesonotum yellow, with three parallel longi- tudinal black strijjes.
cT similar, bat darker on the whole.
JIab. The Punjab ; Ahmedabad, "Western India ; Allahabad ; Sikhim ; Pegu Hills, Burma. $ . Length 14-18 ; exj). 28-34 mm. <J. Length 13-17; ea^y 26-32 mm,
509. Stizus rufescens.
? Stizus delessertii, Gu6r. loon. Rbgn. Anini. iii, p. 439. Larra nifeseens, 8mith, Cat. iv, p. 349, 2 .
Stizus rufescens, Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soo. (4) iii, 1890, p. 245 ; HandL Sitzunc/sb. Akad. Wiss. Wkn, ci, 1892, p. 138.
2 (J • Closely allied to and resembling B. hiclipeatus, but con- stantly larger. It is a very variable insect, but the type has the head, thorax, and abdomen very minutely punctured, with a very ■fine short erect hair springing from each punctm-e; clypeus much broader than high, slightly convex, pointed laterally, widely emar- ginate in the middle anteriorly; the enclosed space at the base of the median segment semicircular, with a short medial longi- tudinal furrow continued down the posterior truncated face of the segment to the apex. Eufo-fulvous, the base of the mandibles, the labrum, clypeus, antennae in front, cheeks, pronotum, postscu- tellum, an arched stripe on the median segment, a large rounded lateral spot on the 2nd, and an elongate lateral spot at the base of the 3rd abdominal segment yellow ; legs variegated with yellow ; wings deep flavo- or fulvo-hyaline, with a subapical fuscous cloud an the fore wing.
Var. A broad T-shaped mark on the vertex and front of the head, a broad longitudinal stripe on each side on the naesonotum, joined by a transverse stripe anteriorly, an arched stripe on the median segment, the propleurse, the mesopleuraj posteriorly, the metapleurse and sides of the median segment, and broad trans- verse bands on the basal four segments of the abdomen black. Between these two extreme forms numerous variations in the amount and disposition of the yellow and black markings occur.
Bob. Throughout India south of the Himalayas, not ascendmg the hills to any height ; Ceylon ; Burma ; China. $ 6 • Length 20-25 ; exp. 40-48 mm. .
I have wholly fniled to make out Guerin's species S. delessertii ; his description would stand fairly m ell for one variety of Smith's species.
510. Stizus malleus.
Larra mellea, Smith, Cat. iv, p. 346, $ . _
Stizus melleus, Catn. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4)ni, 1890, p. 244;
Hnndl. SHzunrjsb. Akad. Wiss. Wien, ci, 1892, p. 171. Stizus orieutalis, Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soe. (4) in, 1890,
p. 245, ? .
' 5. Head aud thorax finely punclnred; clj'peus convex, widely emarginate anteriorly, the sides oblifiue ; front flat, a V-shaped indistinct furrow from the sides of the ocelli to the base
STIZUS.
281
oF the anteuiiiB : thorax covered with erect soft hairs ; median segment short posteriorly, concavo-truncate, the truncation trans- versely striate ; abdomen lightly punctured ; plate of 2nd ventral segment simple ; pygidial ai-ea coarsely punctured ; the apex with a few stiff hairs. Yellow, variegated with pale brownish red ; the flagellum of the antenuse, an obscure mark on the vertex of the head, three broad parallel longitudinal stripes on the mesonotura, the postscutellum, middle and apex of the median segment, basal and apical margins above of the lst-5th segments, and the whole of the 6th segment of the abdomen pale brownish red ; wings flavo- hyahne, nervures and tegulse brown.
J^lah. Barrackpore, Bengal. 5 . Length 24 ; exp. 4-5 mm. d unknown.
511. Stizus reversus.
Larra reversa, Smith, Cat. iv, p. 349, § (J .
Stizus reversus, Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc.'- (4) iii, 1890, p. 245; Handl. Sitzungsb. Akad. Wiss. Wien, ci, 1893, p. 66.
5 . Head, thorax, and abdomen smooth, shining, covered with a very short thin pubescence ; in certain hghts the surface is seen to be covered with obscure, very fine, shallow, close punctures ; a large space round the ocelli and on the front coarsely punctured ; mesonotum anteriorly with two medial abbreviated parallel longi- tudinally impressed lines, very smooth and shining; median segment widely and deeply emarginate posteriorly, the lateral posterior margins compressed ; abdomen as long as "the head and thorax united. Black; the clypeus, a spot above it, the scape and basal joint of the antenna in front, the posterior margin of the prouotum, the tubercles, a spot on the tegulse, a short hne in front and a spot behind them, a spot on each lateral angle of the scuteUum, a line on the postscutellum, the posterior lateral angles of the median segment, an interrupted yellow band on the basal segment of the abdomen, an entire one on the 2nd segment, widest laterally, a short transverse line in the middle of the 3rd, a narrow band on the 4th, and a spot on each side of the 5th segment yellow ; legs variegated with, sometimes almost entirely, yellow ; wings hyaline and iridescent, nervures dark testaceous.
6 very similar, but a black spot always at the base of the labrum and another on the clypeus.
Var. The posterior margins of abdominal segments 1-5 with complete yellow transverse bands above.
Hah. Mussooree; Barrackpore; Sikhim; Centrallndia; Bombay; Burma ; Tenasserim ; Sumatra. $ <5 . Length 9-10 ; exp. 17-21.
512. Stizus lateralis, Cam. MS.
2 . Very similar to some varieties of /S. reversus, differing chiefly in the greater development of the yellow markings ; the clypeus, the space above it, the underside of the scape and flagellum of the antennte, a broad stripe on the posterior margin
282
SPHEGIDiF.
o£ the pronotum, the tubercles, a large spot beneath them on the pleuraB, a broad stripe across the tegulffi, a large square spot at each lateral aujtle of the scutelluin, the postscutellum, tlie posterior lateral angles broadly of tiie median segment, the apex of the femora, the tibiaj and larsi of all the legs, a very large oval spot on each side of the basal abdominal segment, and transverse bauds, greatly widened at the sides, on the posterior margins of segments 2-5, yellow.
Hah. Barraekpore. $. Length!; e.vp. 13 mm.
513. Stizus prismaticus.
Larra prismatica, Smith. Jour. Linn. Soc. 1858, p. 103, ? S • Stizus prismaticus, Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. yi) iii, 1890, p. 244 ; Handl. Sitzungsb. Akad. Wiss. Wien, ci, 1892, p. 55.
2 6 . Head, thorax, and abdomen shining, obscurely but very finely and closely punctured, each puncture beariug a fine, very short, recumbent hair; clypeus transverse, the anterior margin depressed, very slightly and widely emarginate ; median segment posteriorly deeply excavate, the sides compressed and somewhat laminate, not incised. Black, suffused with brilhant tints of purple and blue in certain lights ; the clypeus, a triangular spot above it, an abbreviated Kne at the inner orbits of the eyes, the scape in front and the flagellum beneath, the posterior margin of the pronotum, the tubercles, the outer margins of the tegulse, an oblique spot on each side of the scutellum, a transverse line on the postscutellum, an elongate spot on the lateral angles of the median segment, an elongate spot on each side of the basal abdominal seg- ment and a fascia on the apical margins of the 2nd-4th segments, with a spot on each side of the 5th segment, yellow ; the fascia on the 2nd segment is broadest laterally ; the fascia on the 3rd segment abbreviated ; legs variegated with yellow ; wings hyaline and iridescent.
Smith describes the male as having two parallel abbreviated lines on the mesonotum and the fasciae on the abdomen entire, but in the common Indian and Burmese form the d and $ are pre- cisely similar. I have seen no specimen corresponding in colour with Smith's description, nor with the specimens from Borneo and Celebes in the British Museum. One variety wants the abbreviated fascia on the 3rd abdominal segment ; a second form is altogether destitute of the yellow lateral spots on the basal abdominal segment.
Hah. Sikhim'; Ceylon ; Burma ; Tenasserim. $ . Length 9-11 ; e.rp. 17-20 mm. cJ • Length 8-9 ; exp. 17-19 mm.
NoTB.—Handlirsch (Sitzungsb. Akad. AViss. Wien, ci, 1892, pp. 43 et seq.) has described several closely allied forms more or less resembling S.^vismaticus, Smith. One of these is given from the Andamans, two or three others are stated to occur in the Oriental region. I do not know of the latter having been found within our limits. I append, however, short descriptions, taken from Handlirsch's work.
SIIZUS.
283
Shzus magrettii, Handlirscli. — Black, with strong tiuts of blue and purple, soiiievvlmt thickly pilose and moderatel_y punctured. Wings distinctly fuscous. Clypeiis, labrum, front below the in- sertion of tlie antennas, inner orbits, a spot on the tegula?, lateral spots on the basal abdominal segment, a somewhat narrow fascia on the 2nd and 4th, and lateral spots on the ventral segmi-ints yellow. Antennae black, beneath ferruginous, scape beneath yellow. Legs black, variegated with yellow. Length 11-13 mm.
Hab. Oriental region.
Stizus proxinms, Handlirsch. — A^ery closely allied to the above ; slighter; clypeus black; antennas beneath yellow ; 5th abdominal segment in male with a fascia, in female with a spot on each side. Length 9-10 mm.
An Oriental species.
Stizus jnisillus, Handlirsch. — Allied to the above and resembling it, but still slighter and smaller, the face below less wide. Clypeus in the J yellow, in the $ marked with a large black spot. Body more pubescent and the clypeus more densely pilose than in S. proanmus. The 3rd segment with a small yellow spot in the middle. Antennae black, paler beneath ; scape beneath yellow. Length 7-8 mm.
Bab. Andamans ; Malacca ; Java.
Stizus semperi, Handlirsch. — Closely allied to and resembling the preceding species. Form very slight ; black, moderately shining blue, sparsely and finely pilose, and more minutely punctui-ed than in S. imsillus. Clypeus, except a large black spot in the middle, the inner orbits, the margin of the pronotum, the tegulae. lateral spots on the scutellum, a fascia on the metanotum, the non-incised angles of the median segment, and complete fascise on the lst-4th abdominal segments yellow. Wings hyaline ; antennae black, vellow beneath ; legs black, variegated with yellow. Length 9 mm.
Hab. Oriental region.
*514. Stizus melanoxanthus.
Larra melanoxantha, Smith, Cat. iv, p. 346, c? • St) zus melanoxantba, Ccun. ]\£e7n. jifcincli, L. Ph Soc. ^4) iii 1890 p. 244.
Stizus melanoxanthus, Handl. Sitzunnsh. Akad. Wiss. Wien. ci, 1892, p. 171. '
"c?. Lencith 13 millim. — Yellow, the flagellum fulvous; the vertex black ; the apical joints of the antennae fuscous above ; the tips of the mandibles rufo-piceous. The mesothorax, the post- scutelliun, and two oblique lines on the metathorax uniting at its apex black ; the wings hyaline, the marginal cell occupied bv a fuscous cloud. The extreme base of the abdomen black, the black colouring produced in the middle into an angular spot which extends down half the length of the segment; the apical margins of the 1st and three following segments black, an angular black spot in the middle of their base ; the apical segment ferruginous.
" Hah. India (coll. W. W. Saunders)."
284
SPHEGIBJB.
Genus BEMBEX,
Apis, pt., Linn. Si/st. Nat. ed. x, p. 574 (1758). Bembyx, pt., Fabr. Syst. Ent. p. 361 (1775). Bembcx, pt., Oliv. Enc. Meth. iv, p. 288 (1789). Beiubex, Latr. Gen. Crust, et Ins. iv, p. 97 (1809). Monedula, pt., Dalilb. Hxjm. Eur. i, p. 492 (1845).
Type, B. rostrata, Fabr. Range. Both hemispheres.
Head broad, as broad as, but not broader than, the thorax ; eyes large, ovate, nearly occupying the whole of the sides of the head, and reaching below to the base of the mandibles ; their niner orbits generally closest in the middle, very slightly divergent above
and below ; ocelli complete, gene- rally round, but small and incon- spicuous; antennas filiform, in the male with the joints of the apical half often abnormal, spined or excavate beneath ; clypeus boldly convex, the anterior margin transverse, appear- ing emarginate owing to its con- vexity ; mandibles narrow, obUque at Kg- 81. apex, with three teeth, the inner
Bemhex westonii, $ . }. the inferior long and very
acute ; labrum exserted, very long and convex, pointed, with the mandibles crossing in X-shape over or behind it. Thorax broad, slightly vertically flattened ; pronotum small, depressed beueath the level of the mesonotum ; median segment short, roundly truncate posteriorly : wings somewhat short, radial cell of fore wmg long and narrow ; three cubital cells, the 1st formmg a long triangle, equal to or longer than the 2nd and 3rd united, 2ud and 3rd subequal m length, the latter narrower than the 2nd, which latter receives both the recurrent nervures. Legs fairly stout, spinose ; 1st loint of the anterior tarsi always ciliated, cilise often of great length ; inter- mediate femora in male generally dentate beneath ; intermediate tibise with a long apical spine anteriorly and a short one posteriorly ; claws simple. Abdomen massive, broad, never petiolate, the 1st segment as broad as the 2nd and steep at base, the apical segment laterally often toothed or with a sinuate margin, the apex rounded, truncate or incised; one or more of the ventral segments, in a large majority of species, furnished with carina) or tubercles, especially in the male. General colour of the insects black or ferru- ginous, with sinuate lacteous or yellow bands on the abdomen.
The habits of these insects are well known ; they nest m sandy banks, some of the Indian species (e. g. 5. >sorM«) gregariously, digging their own tunnels and using their powerf u cdiated anterior le|s, in the manner of a dog digging. The food furnished for the larvEB is always, so far as I know, various species of Piptera, and some of the Indian species certainly do not close their nests, but frequently supply their larvas with fresh food.
3EMBBX. 285
Key to the Species.
A. Disc of the mesonotum with a U-shaped
mark.
a. Colours ferruginous and yellow B. lunata, p. 285.
h. Colours black and lacteoiis yellow B. nielanchulica, p. 286.
c. Colours black and bright yellow. a'. 2 cf length over 17 mm.
a^. Wings fuscescent B. huddha, p. 287.
b-. Wings flavo-hyaline B. sulphurescens, p. 287.
V. 2 6 length under 17 mm.
tt". Apical segment 2 J marked with
yellow B. trepanda, p. 288.
6*. Apical segment J S entirely black.
a'. Apical segment laterally sinuate. . B. orientalis, p. 289. 6'. Apical segment laterally not sinu- ate, straight B. borrei, p. 289.
B. Disc of mesonotum without any u-shaped
mark.
a. Joints of anterior tarsi broadly dilated . . B. latitarsus, p. 289. 6. Joints of anterior tarsi not dilated. a . Colours black and lacteous yellow. a^. Lacteous yellow bands on the abdo- men very broad B. pinguis, p. 290.
b'^. Lacteous yellow bands on the abdo- men narrow 5. /ossorw, p. 290.
6'. Colours black and more or less bright yellow, not lacteous. a^. Abdomen sulphur-yellow with black
markings B. indtca, p. 291.
b^. Abdomen black with bright yellow markings. a!'. Band on 1st segment interrupted
in the middle B. hesione, p. 291.
b^. Bands on the three or more basal segments interrupted in the middle. Males only known, a"*. Intermediate femora dentate be- neath B. taschenbergii, p. 292.
J*. Intermediate femora not dentate
beneath B. ovans, p. 292.
c'. The basal two segments without
bands, with only lateral spots . . B. westonii, p. 293.
515. Bembex lunata. (PI. II, fig. 4.)
Fnbr. Ent. Syst. ii, p. 249 ; Smith, Cat. iv, p. 328 ; Cavi. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) iii, 1890, p. 247 ; JIandl. Sitzungsb. Akad. Wiss. Wien, cii, 1893, p. 777.
2 . Clypeus smooth and impunctate, convex, widely emarginate anteriorly ; front, vertex of the head, thorax, and abdomen closely and finely punctured, thinly pubescent, the pubescence longish on the front, occiput, and sides of the median segment; inner orbits parallel ; vertex slightly concavely depressed. Ferruginous, the labrum, mandibles except at base, clypeus, scape and basal joint of the flageDum of the antennae, the inner orbits narrowly up to
286
SPHEGIDJB ,
the vertex, the outer orbits broadly but not reaching the vertex, the pronotum, a curved broad line on the median segment, the legs, irregular marks on the pro-, meao-, metapleurje, and posterior angles of. the median segment, an elongate patch on each side of the basal three abdominal segments, a broad subapical band on the following two, and a largish spot on the apical segment (sometimes ■wanting), yellow ; the pronotum, coxiB, and femora of the legs have some obscure feiTuginous marks, and the 4th and 5th abdomii;al segments a ferruginous spot on each side on the yellow ; the vertex of the head, the front to the base of the antennas, the occiput, pectus, sides of the thorax and of the mesonotum, a medial broad line on the last not reaching its posterior margin, the greater part of the median segment, and the bases of the 2nd and followang segments of the abdomen (normally not seen) black ; wings flavo- hyaliue, uervures and tegulae yellow.
d similar; the 7th abdominal segment ferruginous, with a yellow medial spot, the sides dentate.
Hab. Tranquebar ; Tirhoot ; Calcutta ; Bombay. $ . Length 23-25 ; exp. 36-45 mm. c? • Length 18-24 ; exjp. 40-45 mm.
516. Bembex melancholica, Smith, Cat. iv, p. 328, $ c? ; 0am. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Son. (4) iii, 1890, p. 247 ; Handl. Sitzungsh. Akad. Wiss. Wien, cii, 1893, p. 783, pi. ii, fig. 5, pi. v, fig. 17, pi. vii, fig. 5.
S . Clypeus and front smooth, the vertex of the head finely punctured ; thorax and abdomen more closely punctui'ed than the head ; the bead above the occiput, thorax, and abdomen pubescent, the pubescence erect, soft, and rather long on the head and on the sides and apex of the median segment ; vertex of the head con- cavely depressed, with a deep groove on each side of the ocellar area; antennae -with the Bth-lOth joints spinous below, the 11th and 12th excavate, the 13th truncate at apex, the intermediate femora broad, with a rounded incision close to the apex on the underside ; basal ventral segment of abdomen with a prominent tubercle ; apical segment dentate laterally, the apex incised. Black, the pubescence fuscous on the head above and occiput, vphitish on the median segment ; the labrum, base of the mandibles, clypeus, sides of the face and front to a little above the base of the anteniiffi, the scape, the pronotum, a L J-shaped mark and a line above the tegulae on the mesonotum, a curved band on the scutellum, another on the postscutellum, a triangular mark at the base and the posterior lateral angles and sides of the median seg- ment, the pleurae, and broad transverse bands, mth their posterior borders emarginate in the middle and crenulate, on abdominal segments 1-6, with a triangular spot on the 7th segment, lacteous or livid yellow ; the clypeus with two divergent rectangular spots at base, the middle of the pronotum, a few marks on the pleuras, and an elongate obhque spot on each side above on the yellow bands of the 2nd-6th abdominal segments, black ; legs lacteous yellow, variegated with black ; wings clear hyaline, nervures and tegulae dark brown.
BEMBEX.
287
1 have not been able to procure a $ , but, according to Smith, the sexes are identical, with of course the exception of the anteiinaB, femora, and 1st ventral segment; these in the $ would be simple (without spines, teeth, &c.)-
Hah. Sikhim ; Burma ; Sumatra, and the Indo-Malayan region generally. $. Length 17-23 mm. S • Length 18-22; exp. 33-41 mm.
*517. Bemhex buddha, Handl. SiUungsb. Akad. Wiss. Wien.cn, 1893, p. 782.
"Antennae {S) incrassate, 8-11 joints spined below, 11-12 distinctly excavated below. Temora {S) dentate on the apical
half below Wings distinctly fuscescent, nerviires
brown. $ 6th abdominal segment above without a medial area. cJ apex of 7th segment rounded, not angulate laterally, a medial small cariua towards the apex of the 2nd ventral segment, a small tubercle on the 6th, and three strongly convergent cai'inse on the 7th segment. Thorax punctured and pubescent. Black, the orbits of the eyes, the front below, the labrum, the clypeus, with the exception often of two spots, the prothorax, the tubercles, four broad lines on the mesonotum, a fascia on the scutellum and on the metanotum, nearly the whole of the median segment, the greater part of the sides of the thorax, a broad fascia on the 1st abdominal segment, the 2nd segment, excepting the posterior margin and two spots on the disc, broad fasciae, anteriorly bi- sinuate, on the following segments, the apex of the apical segment {6 &, $ ), and a spot on all the ventral segments yellow. Antennse black, scape anteriorly yellow ; legs yellow, lined towards the base with black."
Hab. Barrackpore, Tirhoot, and Madras. Length 21-23 mm.'* Unknown to me. Apparently originally in coll. Eothney.
518. Bemhex sulplmrescens, Dahlb. Hi/m. Hur. i, pp. 180, 491, (j ; Smith, Cat. iv, p. 328 ; Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (i) in 1890, p. 247. ^ '
2 . Head, thorax, and abdomen pubescent, the pubescence longish, soft, and erect on the vertex and back of the head and on the sides and apex of the median segment ; the head smooth finely and rather closely punctured behind the ocelli ; thorax and' abdomen with rather close but shallow fine punctures studded with recumbent hairs; vertex concavely depressed, the lateral furrows wide and shallow, ocellar area only slightly raised ; eyes very little divergent beneath. Black, the labrum, base of the mandibles, clypeus, sides of the face as high nearly as the vertex a doll-shaped mark on the front, the scape of the antennaj, the outer orbits up to the vertex, the prouotum, a U-shaped mark on the disc, and the lateral margins of the mesonotum broadly, a broad curved line on the scutellum, another on the postscutellu'm a third widest in the middle on the median segment, the posterior
288
lateral augles and sides of the last, the pro- and mesopleurae, and broad transverse bands on the lst-5th abdominal segments above sulphur-yellow, the band on the basal segment with four deep rounded emarginations anteriorly, and the bands on all the seg- ments bisinuate posteriorly ; two small spots on the clypeus, the middle of the pronotum anteriorly, some irregular marks on the sides of the thorax, and lateral spots on the bands of the 2nd-5th abdominal segments blai-k ; legs variegated yellow and black ; wings slightly ilavo-hyaline, nervures brownish, tegulaj yellow.
c? similar, the 8th-10th joints of the antennse spinose, and the 11th and 12th excavated beneath, the apical half of the intermediate femora serrate or dentate posteriorly, the apical segment of the abdomen with the lateral margins waved, scarcely dentate (in the 5 these are straight), the 6th abdominal segment with a trans- verse yellow band.
Hah. Distributed pretty well throughout India and Burma, but not, so far as I know, vet procured in Western India. $ . Length 18-20 ; exp. 31-34 mni. 6 . Length 18-19 ; exp. 32-36 mm.
519. Bembex trepanda, Hym. Eur. i, pp. 181, 490; Smith,
Cat. iv, p. 328; Ciein. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Son. (4) iii, 1890, p. 247 ; Ha7idL Sitzungsb. Alcad. Wiss. Wien, cii, 1893, p. 736.
5 . Head and thorax very finely and closely punctured, pubes- cent ; abdomen shining, the surface very finely aciculate ; the eyes slightly but distinctly divergent below ; the apical segment of the abdomen triangular, jjunctured, the sides sinuated, the apex rounded, with a very slight short medial carina. Black; the labrum, the anterior margin broadly of the clypeus, a line behind the eyes, the pronotum, a U-shaped mark on the mesonotum, a line over the tegulse. a curved line on the scutellum, another shorter one on the postscutellum, a third broader one, produced triangularly back in the middle on the median segment, the posterior lateral angles of the same, and more or less broad transverse bands on the basal four segments of the abdomen, with an oval spot on the sides of the 5th segment, bright yellow ; these transverse bands on the abdomen vary in different specimens in width, and in the manner in which their margins are festooned or intruded on by the black ground-colour, but the band on the 2nd segment has always, on the 3rd sometimes, a black obliquely placed spot on each side ; legs yellow, variegated with black; wings hyaline, nervures and
tegulse testaceous. , „ i • • c
S . In the two specimens I have seen the 6th-8th jomts ot the anteiinffi are spinose beneath, the 10th-12th joints excavate, and the apical joint curved, the intermediate femora dentate posteriorly, the dorsal' plate of the apical segment emarginate at apex, and the clypeus and face to the posterior ocellus yellow. Otherwise the
two sexes are similar. , t • i. ii.
Hah. Barrackpore; Bombay; Gilgit; Ceylon ; extending into the Malayan region. ? . Levxjth 14-17 ; exp. 24-28 mm. 6 . Length 14-16 ; exp. 24-28 mm.
BBMBEX.
289
*520. Bembex orientalis, Ilmull. Sitzmujsh. Aknd. Wiss. Wien, cii, 189 p. 737, 9 J , pl- i, tig. 18, pi. V, fig. 19, pi. vi, iig. 10.
? c? . Closely allied to and resembling B. trepandn, Dahlb, The male differs in having only the 8th joint o£ the antennfe pro- duced beneath, and the intermediate femora more serrate, and both sexes in having the eyes less divergent below.
Hub. Bengal; the Himalayas; Tenasserim. 5 6. Length 12-15 mm.
521. Bembex borrei, Handl. Sitzungsb. Akad. Wiss. Wien, cii, 1893, p. 866, $c^.
2 S . Thorax densely and very finely punctured, the punctures very shallow; head, thorax, and the base of the abdomen covered with a close short erect pubescence ; clypeus convex, prominent, the face between the antennae with a short carma ; the antennae rather long, with in the 6 the 8tb and 9th joints of the flagellum spinose beneath, the 10th-12th excavate, and the apical joint rounded and curved; thorax som-ewhat elongate; the basal joint of the anterior tarsi ciliated with six spines on the outside, the inter- mediate femora serrate beneath in the J ; abdomen short, the apex conical ; in the $ the 6th segment convex, the apex rounded, the sides not sinuate. Black, the apex and sides of the clypeus, the labrum and base of the mandibles, a hne on the scape "of the antennae, a line on the pronotum, the tubercles, a U-shaped mark on the disc of the mesonotum, a transverse stripe on the scutellum, another on the postscutellum, two on the median segment, lateral spots on the pro-, meso-, and metapleursD, and very broad transverse bands on segments 1-4 of the abdomen in the 5 , and on all the segments in the c?, yellow, the band on the 1st segment deeply bisinuate anteriorly, those on the 3rd and 4th wdth an enclosed black lateral spot; the 5th and 6th segments in the $ with a yellow lateral spot ; legs yellow, the coxa? and base of the femora black ; the pubescence on the head and thorax griseous, in fresh specimens silvery on the clypeus; wings light fusco- hyaline, darker in the c? than in the 2 .
Hah. Sikhim ; Burma ; Tenasserim ; Ceylon, extending to Java/. 2 6 • Length 12-16 ; exp. 27-30 mm.
522. Bembex latitarsus, Handl. Sitzungsb. Akad. Wiss. Wien, c-ii. 1893, p. 707. '
2 S . Eyes with their inner orbits distinctly divergent towards the clypeus. Front somewhat narrow, carinated below. In the
the 8th-10th joints of the antennae spined posteriorly ; the 11th joint beneath slightly excavated and dilated, the apical two joints somewhat long. The anterior tarsi ( 2 d ) distinctly slender ; intermediate joint a little prominent. In the 6 the intermediate femora with short teeth on the underside, the apical tibial spino short, barely prominent ; metatarsus long and a httle dilated. In the <S the apical segment above widely triangular; the 2nd ventral
290
BPHEGIDiE.
segment tuberculate. Black, head and thorax covered with griseous pubescence ; the labrum, clypeus, the front below, the interior orbits widely, the exterior narrowly, a Hne on the pronotum, the tubercles, a spot on the sides of the prothorax, mesothorax, and median segment, uninterrupted bisinuate fascisB on abdominal segments 1-5 above, a cordiform spot on the apical segment, and rather large spots in the middle of the ventral segments pale yellow ; legs variegated yellow and black ; antennse black, palish below.
d has only the labrum yellow, the fascia on the 1st abdominal segment wanting ; those on segments 2-4 narrow and interrupted in the middle, and only the scape of the antenna pale beneath ; wings ( $ J ) hvaline, barely fuscescent.
Hah. Himalayas (Bandli'rsch) ; Mussooree ; Gilgit. ? . Length 17— ly ; exp- 33 mm. c? • Length 15 ; exj^. 30 mm.
523. Bembex pinguis, Handl. Sitzungsb. Akad. Wiss. Wien, cii, 1893,
p. 784, pi. viii, fig. 4.
2 S . Closely allied to and resembling Bembex melanchoUca, Smith '? c? : differ in wanting the testaceous yellow U-shaped mark onthe'mesonotum; 6 differs further in having the underside of the intermediate femora dentate, and in the 2nd ventral segment bearing a sharp, though small tubercle in the middle.
Hab. Calcutta; Assam; Tenasserim ; Java. $ d . Length 20-23 ; exy. 36-38 mm.
524. Bembex fossoria, SmM, Jour. Asiat. Soc. Beng. xlvii, pt. 2,
1878 p 168, ? ; Bingh. Jotcr. Bomb. Nat. Hist. Soc. v, 1890, p. 243, 2 ; Handl. Sitzungsb. AJcnd. Wiss. Wien, cii, 1893, p. 896. 9 Clypeus and front smooth ; vertex of the head, thorax, and abdomen punctured, thinly pubescent; the punctures very fine, not dense, and rather shallow, closer on the abdomen than on the thorax; clypeus strongly convex, its anterior margin transverse depressed at base on both sides of a medial carina running up between the bases of the antennse ; vertex concavely depressed, the oceUar region crossed with a deep groove on each side; occiput slightly emarginate, nearly transverse : antennse smooth and shining ; mesonotum ante- riorly with a broad longitudinal depression, and a short carina along the bottom. Black, the labrum, base of the mandibles, clypeus, scape of Pig. 82.^Benihex antenna, the front to a little above the base
fossona, 2- t- ^.^^ j^^^^^.^ ^^^^^^^ posterior margin of the
pronotum, tubercles, a line over the tegulse, a parenthesis-shaped mark on each side of the scutellum and along the posterior margin, a crescentic mark on the postscutellum, a similar mark on the median segment, a large irregular mark on its side, a spot on the mesopleurl above, the greater part of the propleurae, the legs, and
BBMBEX.
291
abdominal segments 1-5 above with broad submarginal bisinuate bauds, lacteous yellow or white; two spots at the base of the clypeus, the cox£B, femora, and tibia; of the anterior and intermediate legs postei'iorly, and the coxa;, femora, tibia;, and tarsi of the posterior legs both anteriorly and posteriorly, variegated with black ; wings hyaline, nervures brownish yellow, tegulse black.
cf similar, but with 9th-llth joints of the antennsB flattened and carinated on the inside, the apical two segments black. In both sexes the 1st ventral segment is strongly, 2-6 faintly longi- tudinally carinate; the 2iid ventral segment with a smaK depression, on each side of the medial line.
Hah. Burma; Tenasserim. $ S . Length 18-20; exp. 36-40 mm.
525. Bembex indica.
? Bembyx glauca, Fabr. Mant. Ins. i, p. 285. ? Vespa glauca, Gm. Syst. Nat. ed. xiii, p. 2769. ? Bembex glauca, Fabr. Ent. Syst. ii, p. 249.
Bembex indica, Handl. Sitzungsb. Akad. Wiss. Wien, cii, 1893, p. 771, pi. i, fig. 33, pi. vi, fig. 33, $ c7 .
$ S . Clypeus and front of the face smooth, vertex of the head, thorax, and abdomen with fine close but shallow punctures and pubescent ; the clypeus strongly convex, its anterior margin nearly transverse; vertex concavely depressed, ocellar region slightly raised. Pale sulphur-yellow; two diagonal spots above the base of the antenna;, the vertex of the head, the mesonotum, the base of the scutellum, also of the postscutellum and of the median segment, a spot on each side and one on the apex of the last joined by a narrow line, a diagonal spot on each side of abdominal segments 1-5 in the middle above, a pear-shaped spot in the middle of the 2nd ventral segment, and the spots on the following segments black ; the mesonotum with two broad lateral lines and an apical trans- verse line joining them yellow; legs yellow; wings hyaline, nervures testaceous, tegulse yellow.
d similar, with the 7th and 8th joints of the antenna slightly produced below, the apical segment black with a lateral yellow mark.
Hah. Barrackpore; Sikhim; North- Y/est Provinces; Bombay; Ceylon ; extending into the Malayan region. $ S . Length 17-19 • exp. 32-35 mm. '
I have described the common type of this species; varieties have more or less the black markings wider and more distinct.
526. Bembex hesione, Bingh. Jour. Bomb. Nat. Hist. Soc. vlii, p. 381 . $ . Clypeus and front smooth, with a few scattered punctures
head above pubescent, the pubescence soft and long, vertex with a deep fm-row on each side of the ocellar region, which is raised ; thorax and abdomen very minutely and closely punctured, with a short very fine recumbent hair springing from each puncture • abdomen with the 1st ventral segment tuberculate in the middle' the apical segment rounded posteriorly. Black, the labrum, base
v2
292
SPHEGIDJE.
o£ the mandibles, clypeus, sides of the face to a little above the base of the autennse, a doll-shaped mark in the middle of the front, the scape of the antennae, the cheeks, pronotum, sides of the thorax, a spot on the tegulte in front, a spot behind them, a curved broad line on the scutelluni, another on the postscutellum, one still broader ia the middle aud narrowly divided by a median black line on the median segment, the sides and posterior lateral angles of the same, an elongate triangular mark on each side of the 1st segment, and broad posteriorly biarcuate bands at the bases of segments 2-5, yellow or laeteous yellow ; two spots at the base of the clypeus, a slight clavate spot on the front above it, the pro- notum broadly in tlie middle, a spot on each tubercle, and an elon- gate oblique t-pot on each side above on the yellow abdominal bands black; the legs variegated yellow and black; wings hyaline, nervures and tegulae dark brown.
cJ similar, but with the abdominal bands generally broader ; the 7th-l 0th joints of the antennae very slightly spinose, and the llth and 12th excavated beneath; the intermediate femora dentate at apex, lateral margins of the apical abdominal segment waved, scarcely toothed, beneath carinate.
Hub. Tenasserim ; Sumatra ; Borneo. $ . Length 22-24 ; exp. 35-37 mm. S • Lencjili 19-20 ; exp. 36 mm.
*527. Bembex taschenbergii, ITawrfZ. Sitzungsh. Ahad. Wiss. Wim, cii, 1883, p. 776.
" Head and antennae nearly as in the European B. hidentata, Van der Lind., the wings distinctly fuscescent, nervures fuscous.
The anterior tarsi of normal form, the metatarsal cilia
composed of seven spines. The intermediate femora towards the apex furnished vs'ith several distinct teeth. Abdomen as in B. hidentata, the 2nd and 6th ventral segments simple, the 7th segment with the lateral spines distinct
" Thorax above very finely and sparsely punctured, and covered with greyish pubescence.
" Black, the orbits of the eyes, clypeus, labrum, the greater portion of the pronotum, the tubercles, the sides of the mesonotum, fasciae (often obsolete) on the scutellum, metanotum, and median segment, a large spot on the sides of the thorax and of the median segment, bisinuate fasciae, often interrupted in the middle, on abdominal segments 1-5 above, a spot (often obsolete) on the 6th segment, and lateral spots on the ventral segments yellow. The apex of the abdomen, and sometimes part of the ventral segments, ferruginous. Ajntennae black, scape pale; legs yellow, variegated with black towards their base.
•■'Hah. India; Tenasserim. Lengt'hVl-2Q mm."
528. Bembex ovans, Bhigh. Jour. Bomb. Nat. Hist. Soc. viii, p. 384, $ cJ . Closely allied to and resembling B. fossoria, Smith, but
BEMBEX. — PmLAKTHTJS.
293
the male has the antennce cylindrioal throughout, the 9th-llth joints not being flattened nor earinate on the inner side; both sexes are slighter and longer, the markings are brighter yellow, not lacteous, and the transrerse bauds on the basal three abdominal segmeats are more or less broadly interrupted in the middle.
Hah. Tenasserim. $ . Length22 ; exp. 34 mm. S • Length 21 ; exp. 36 mm.
529. Bemhex westonii, JSiriffh. Jour. Bomb. Nat. Hist. Soc. viii, p. 380, ?,pl. 1, fig. 1.
$ . Clypeus and front smooth ; vertex of the head, thorax, and abdomen extremely minutely and closely punctured and pubescent, the pubescence longish on the occiput, vertex of the head, and sides of the median segment ; clypeus lunate, convex, widely emarginate anteriorly, depressed at base on either side of a medial raised ridge, which is continued up the front to a little above the base of the antennae, inner orbits parallel ; vertex of the head subconcave, ocellar area raised, with a deep groove on each side, occiput transverse; median segment with a broadly triangular space at base enclosed by lateral convergent grooves, the posterior lateral angles slightly produced and flattened. Black, mandibles at base, clypeus, a doll-shaped mark above it, the inner and outer orbits widely interrupted at the vertex, the scape of the auteunaj, pronotum, the tubercles, posterior lateral angles of the median segment, the greater part of the meso- and metapleurse, the legs, an irregular elongate mark on each side of the basal three abdominal segments, and a broad biarcuate transverse band on the 4th and 5th above yellow; a spot on each side of the medial line of the clypeus at base, the middle of the pronotum, a spot on the tubercle, the greater part of the coxae, a stripe posteriorly and anteriorly on each of the femora, and on the posterior tibise above, black ; anterior tarsi slightly ferruginous ; wings hyaline, nervures and tegulae dark brown.
6 similar, a black spot above the clypeus between the bases of the antenna), the yellow band on the 4th segment narrowly interrupted in the middle, and a yellow spot on each side of the 6th segment of the abdomen.
Hah. Tenasserim. $. Length 22; exp. 39 mm. S. Lenath 23 ; exp. 40 mm. ^
Genus PHILANTHUS.
Philanthua, pt., Fahr. Ent. Syst. W, p. 288 (1793). Simblephilus, Jurine, Hym. p. 186 (1807). Philanthus, Shuck. Indiyen. Foss. Hym. p. 245 (1837).
Type, P. coronatus, Eabr. Range. Both hemispheres.
294
SPHEGIDJ3.
Head large, wider than the thorax, subglobose ; eyes emarginate or subeiiiarginate within, in some Oriental species barely so ; ocelli in a triangle forward on the vertex ; antennae inserted high up about the middle of the face and wide apart from each other ; clypeus broad, with a lobe on each side ; mandibles acute, the labrum concealed ; thorax ovate, pronotum transverse ; median segment obtusely rounded, sometimes steep posteriorly ; legs stout, spinose, anterior tarsi ( $ ) strongly ciliated : wings of FhUanfhus avidus, moderate length ; fore ^ying with one radial and 2 . }. three cubital cells, radial cell narrow, elongate,
and acuminate at apex; the 1st cubital cell measured on the cubital nervure about twice the width of the 2nd, the 2nd cubital cell narrowed at top, below receiving the 1st recurrent nervure in or a little past the middle, the 3rd cubital cell half the width at top that it is below, receiving the 2nd recurrent nervure near its base ; abdomen with the 1st segment normal, or narrowed and subpetiolate at base.
Key to the Species.
A. First segment of the abdomen not narrowed at base into a petiole.
a. Apical margins of abdominal segments 2-5
broadly depressed and finely transversely
striate ; -P- niffriceps, p. 295.
b. Apical margins of the abdominal seg-
ments not depressed. a'. Clypeus with its anterior margin bi- sinuate.
a'. Abdomen for the greater part fer- ruginous red : wings flavo-liyaline . P. depredator, p. 295. h^. Basal segment of abdomen only fer- ruginous red ; wings fuscous P. basalts, p. 296.
b'. Clypeus arched anteriorly.
a^. Abdomen with transverse yellowish- wbite lines on the apical margins of segments 2-4. a'. Median segment rounded, with a narrow medial longitudinal fur- row P- ordinarius, p. 296.
6'. Median segment truncate poste- riorlv, with a broad medial longi- tudinal furrow P. avidus, p. 297.
Abdomen with large lateral spots on
the basal 4 segments P. elegans, p. 29/.
c^. Abdomen with the apical margins of
the basal 3 segments ferruginous . . P. sulphtireus, p. iJH.
B. First segment of the abdomen nan-owed at base into a petiole. a. Clypeus carinate down the middle, head
and thorax finely punctured. Length _
5 11-12 mm P- conciwms, p.
PHILANTHUB.
295
6. Clypeus not carinate ; head and thorax
auteriorly coarsely punctured. Length _ , ,
§ 8 mm. P. pulchemmus, pvSya
530. Philanthus nigriceps, Binffh. Jour. Linn. Soe. 1896, p. 441.
c?. Head finely and closely punctured, thorax smooth and shining, the mesonotum, seutellum, and postscutelliim with a few distant punctures, the median segment smooth and impunctate at base and down a medial line to the apex, the apex on each side closely punctured and pubescent ; the legs punctured and covered with a thin pabescence; abdomen shining, with the bases of segments 2-5 broadly depressed, the depressed parts forming transverse bands very finely transversely striate ; the basal segment, the apical margins of the 2nd- 5th and the 6th and 7th segments entirely finely and distantly punctured, the anal segment slightly pubescent above and below. A remarkable feature is the clypeus, which is porrect and broadly emarginate in the middle anteriorly. Head and thorax black, abdomen dark chestnut-red ; the mandible, except at apex, the clypeus, two spots above it, the inner orbits broadly below diminishing in width upwards, two large spots behind the eyes, a line on the pronotum, a spot before the tegnlse, a line on the postscutellum anteriorly, large triangukr subapical spots on abdominal segments 1-4, and an irregular line interrupted in the middle on the 5th segment above yellow ; legs rufo-piceous, the anterior femora, tibiae, and tarsi, and the femora at apex, the tibiffi, and tarsi of the posterior legs with a deep fulvous tinge ; wings fusco-hyaline and iridescent, the nervures and tegulae tes- taceous, pubescence fulvous.
Hah. North- West Provinces, d . Leiigih 13 ; exj). 24 mm.
531. Philanthus depredator, Smith, Cat. iv. p. 470, J' ; Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) iii, 1890, p. 248.
$ . Head, mesonotum, the pleurae, and the basal abdominal segment very closely and somewhat finely punctured ; the pro- notum, seutellum, postscutellum, median segment, and the 2nd and following segments of the abdomen with a few fine scattered punctm-es ; clypeus broad, anterior and posterior margins deeply bisinuate, the surface very finely and minutely aciculate ; median segment shining, a very short and rather deep, medial, longi- tudinal furrow at base having a fine carina along the bottom and the space between the carina and the sides of the furrow with a single row of punctures. Ferruginous red, the base of the mandibles, the clypeus, a crescentic mark above it, an oval spot above that on the front, the sides of the face to the sinus of the eyes, the scape in fi'ont, the posterior margin of the pronotum, the tegulse, a line on the anterior femora and on the intermediate tibife beneath, a large spot on each side of the 2nd and 3rd abdominal segments at base above, a crescentic mark on each
296
SPHEQIDJE.
side near the apex on the 2nd ventral segment, and two triangular lateral spots on the 3rd ventral segment yellow ; wings Savo- hyaline, slightly infuscated at apex, nervures fen-nginous.
<S similar, but with the scutelium, postscutellum, and a spot on each side on the median segment yellow.
Var. — 5 c? • With the yellow markings more developed, the apical four abdominal segments fusco-ferruginous.
Bab. Barrackpore ; North- West Provinces. $ (S . Length 13-15 ; exp. 23-27 mm.
532. Philanthus basalis, Smith, Cat. iv, p. 473, $ ; Cam. Mem.
Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) iii, 1890, p. 248.
5 . Head, thorax (pronotum excepted), and basal segment of abdomen closely and not very coarsely punctured; the pronotum finely transversely striate anteriorly, posteriorly smooth ; 2nd and following segments of abdomen smooth, opaque ; clypeus broad, its anterior mai'gin waved and fringed with stiff hairs ; median segment truncate posteriorly, with a fovea at its apex above ; pygidial area lightly and finely punctured. Black, the clypeus, the sides of the face anteriorly, a spot above the base of each antenna, a short vertical line below the anterior ocellus, a broad line on the cheeks, a very narrow one on the pronotum posteriorly, the postscutellum, a large oval spot on the apical margin of the 1st abdominal segment, a narrow medially-interrupted line on the apical margins of segments 2-4, and two minute spots on the apical margin of the 5th yellowish white, base of the 1st segment red ; legs rufo-fuscous, the anterior and intermediate tibite with a stripe of yellow on the outside ; wings light fusco-hyaline, the apex of the fore wing slightly more fuscescent, nervures and tegulae dark fusco-testaceous.
Hab. Ceylon (Smith). $. Length 12; e.i;p. 24 mm. cJ un- known. Type in coll. Bi-itish Museum.
533. Philanthus ordinarius, Bingh. Jour. Linn. Soc. 1896, p. 441.
$ . Head and thorax very finely and closely punctured ; abdomen smooth, opaque ; head shghtly broader than the thorax, flattened in front, mesonotum convex, smooth and shining in the middle ; scutelium large, prominent, impunctate in the middle; median segment rounded posteriorly, with a narrow medial longitudinal furrow, the apex and sides pubescent ; legs with the tibise and tarsi, especially of the posterior pan-, strongly spinose ; abdomen broad, about as long as the head and thorax united ; the dorsal plate of the anal segment incised at apex. Black, the mandibles, except at the apex, the clypeus, a crescentic spot above it, the inner orbits as high as the emargination of the eyes, a hue along the outer orbits not reaching the vertex, a line on the pro- notum, the teguliB, a line on the posterior margin of the post- scutellum, two small spots, one on each side, on the median segment, the femora, tibia, and tarsi of the anterior legs, the apex
PHILANTHFS.
297
of the femora, the tibiss and tarsi of the intermediate and posterior le^s above, and an irregularly waved subapical Hue dorsally and ventrally on segments 2-4 of the abdomen pale yellowish white ; the base of the Ist segment broadly, and of the 2nd narrowly red ; wings hyahue, nervures sordid yellow.
Bab. Tenasserim. $ . Length 12 ; ex]). 22 mm. Type in coll. British Museimi.
534. Philanthus avidus, Bingh. Jour. Linn. Soc. 1896, p. 440.
5 . Head very closely and finely, thorax and the posterior margin of the basal abdominal segment more sparsely and coarsely punctured, the base of the 1st, the whole of the 2ud and following segments smooth, head about the width of the thorax ; niesonotum strongly convex ; median segment short, apex with a steep slope nearly truncate, a medial longitudinal broad but shallow furrow from base to apex of the segment, sides and apex with a thin soft pubescence ; the tibiae and tarsi spinose ; posterior margin of the basal abdominal segment constricted, apical segment slightly pubescent. Black, the mandibles, except at apex, the clypeus, a moon-shaped spot above it, a spot on each side of the face above the base of the antennae, the scape in front, the inner margin of the eyes, a line behind them, a line on the front of the pronotum, the teguke, the postsciitellum, the tibiae and tarsi of the legs above, a subapical spot on each side of the basal abdominal segment, and narrow subapical bands on the dorsal and ventral sides of segments 2-5 yellowish white ; basal segment, except for a narrow black subapical border above, deep red ; wings hyaline, faintly fuscous, and in certain lights iridescent.
Hab. Tenasserim. $ . Length 10 ; e.rp. 16 mm.
535. Philanthus elegans, Smith, A. M. N. H. (4) xii, 1873, p. 415 ;
Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Sue. (4) ill, 1890, p. 248.
$ . Vertex of the head, mesonotum, scutellum, postscutellum, and abdomen coarsely and somewhat spai-ingly punctured, the abdomen more closely than the other parts; clypeus, front to a little above the base of the antennae, pronotum, and median segment smooth, the punctures below the ocelli much finer and closer ; clypeus strongly arched anteriorly, slightly convex ; median segment short, shining, slightly compressed laterally, with a broad oval fovea at the apex above, the apex steep, almost truncate, variegated with white, black, and ferruginous ; the base of the mandibles, the clypeus, the sides of the face to the emargination of the eyes, the scape, and the basal two joints of the flagellum of the antennae in front, a kite-shaped mark beneath the anterior ocellus, a curved hne on the occiput, the cheeks and back of the head, the pronotum, two medial longitudinal lines on the disc of the mesonotum, two broader stripes in front of the tegulae, the tegulae, a spot behind them, the scutellum, postscutellum, sides of the median segment broadly, pro- and mesopleuras, legs, and large lateral spots on the basal four segments, with the whole of the 6th segment
298
SPHBGID^.
of the abdomen yellowish white ; the head above, a spot on the pronotum in front, the mesonotum, and the base and middle of the slope of the median segment black ; the legs variegated with pale reddish, and the abdomen except the markings as above ferru- ginous, somewhat fuscous on the apical half above ; wings hyaline, nervures ferruginous.
Hah. JSTorthern India {Smith). $ . Length 10 ; exp. 19 mm.
536. Philanthus sulphureus, Sinith, Cat. iv, p. 469, s ; Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) iii, 1890, p. 248.
d ■ Head above the emargination of the eyes, mesonotum, scutellum, postscutellum, median segment on the sides and at apex, and the abdomen punctured, the punctures finer and closer on the head, coarser on the abdomen ; clypeus and front of the face, the cheeks partially, the pronotum, the base of the median segment above, and the legs smooth and shining, anterior margin of clypeus arched and fringed with long stiff hairs ; median segment with a fovea at base above, the apex truncate -with a medial vertically-impressed line. Sulphur- yellow, the clypeus and front beneath and around the base of the antennas, and the base of the mandibles white; a line round the upper part of the eyes, joined by a curved line over the posterior ocelli, and another on the occiput, the anterior, lateral, and apical margins of the mesonotum, a medial longitudinal black line over its disc, and a mark produced angularly back in the middle at the base of the median segment black, the apical eight joints of the antennas, the apical margins of abdominal segments 1-3 and basal margin of the 4th obscurely ferruginous ; legs yellow ; wings hyaline, nervures and tegulje yellow.
Sab. Northern India (Smith). S . Length 9 ; exp. 17 mm. $ unknown. Type in coll. British Museum.
537. Philanthus concinnus, Bingh. Jour. Linn. Soc. 1896, p. 442.
5 . Head and thorax finely and closely punctured, abdomen smooth but not shining ; head somewhat broader than the thorax, obscurely subpubescent ; clypeus carinate in the middle anteriorly, the apex projecting; meso- notum broad, convex ; median segment rounded, with a somewhat steep slope posteriorly, and bearing a medial longitudinal fine furrow ; legs stout, the tibiae and tarsi of the intermediate and posterior legs thickly spinose ; abdomen as long as the head and thorax united, the petiole con- stricted at apex ; anal segment rounded at apex. Black, the base of the mandibles, the clypeus, a crescentic mark above it, the inner orbits, up to the emargination of the eyes, a spot on the scape in front, a narrow line sloping obliquely back behind the eyes, an abbreviated
Fig. 84. Fhilantlms con- cinnus, § . \.
PHILANTHTJS. CBRCEUIS.
299
line, broadly interrupted in the middle, on the pronotum, a spot on the tegulEB in front, two minute obliquely placed spots in the middle of the postscutellum, an irregularly waved subapical line on the dorsal and ventral sides of abdominal segments 2-4, and a transverse spot at the apex oO the 5th segment yellow ; the Hue on the 2ud segment is narrowly interrupted in the middle, and the base of the same segment is red ; legs variegated with yellow ; wings light fusco-hyaline and iridescent, nervures and tegulsB testaceous. The fine rather thin pubescence on the head and on the sides of the median segment white.
Var. The yellow markings on the postscutellum and on the abdomen entirely or nearly obsolete.
Bab. Tenasserim. ? . Length 11-12 ; exjo. 22-24 mm. c? un- known. Type in coll. British Museum.
538. PMlanthus pulcherrimus, Smith, Cat. iv, p. 469, 2 d ; Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) iii, 1890, p. 248.
5 . Head above the base of the antennae, the mesonotum, meso- pleurte, and abdomen rather coarsely punctured, the punctures dense on the head, more distantly placed on the mesonotum, the pleurae, and abdomen, becoming very sparse on the apical segments of the last ; clypeus, the sides of the face as high as the base oE the antennae, the prothorax, the scutellum, postscutellum, and median segment smooth and shining ; anterior margin of the clypeus widely triangular ; median segment rounded posteriorly, with a deep broad fovea at apex above. Black; the face below the antennae, the clypeus, base of the mandibles, scape and basal three joints of the flagellum of the antennae, a coronet-shaped spot on the front, a line on the cheeks, a line on the pronotum, the tubercles, a spot at the base of the mesopleurae, the scutellum, postscutellum, two large, oval, lateral spots on the 2nd abdominal segment, and a broad transverse band on the apical margin of the 4th segment yellomsh white, a narrow line on the apical margin of the 5th and the 6th segments testaceous, the basal segment bright ferruginous ; legs yellowish white, the coxae, trochanters, and femora stained with dusky red ; wings hyaline and iridescent, nervures and tegulse yellow.
(5 similar, but the 5th and following abdominal segments black.
Hab. India (Smith). 5 • Length 8 ; exjj. 14 mm. c? • Length 6 ; ea-y. 11 mm. Type in coll. British Museum.
Genus CERCERIS.
Crabro, pt., OHv. Encycl. Mithod. vi, p. SOQ (1791), Philantbus, pt., Fabr. Ent. Si/si. ii, p. 288 (1793). Cerceris, Latr. Hist. Nat. Ins. xiii, p. 315 (1805).
Type, C. arenaria, Linn. Range. Both hemispheres.
300
SPHBGlDiE.
Head as wide as the thorax or wider, broader than long, subquadrate in some species, seen from above ; ocelU in a triangle on the vertex ; eyes ovate, not reniform ; antennaa very slightly
elavate, inserted about the middle of the face or a little higiier; mandibles stout, simple, unidentate or bidentate ; thorax ovate, pro- notum transverse; median segment roundly trum-ate, always with a larger or smaller triangular or cordate space at the base enclosed by convergent furrows ; legs stout, and in both sexes strongly spinose, more spinose in the $ than in the Fig.85.-Cercerisvtgilans, ?. }. ^ ; anterior tarsi ciliated; inter- mediate tibisB with one apical spur ; posterior tibiffi with two. "Wings long, ample ; fore wing with one radial and three cubital cells, the radial cell oblong, the 1st cubital cell longer than the 2nd and 3rd united, the 2nd triangular, petiolate, receiving the 1st recurrent nervure about the middle, the 3rd cubital cell receives the 2nd recurrent nervure near its base. Abdomen oblong, subpetiolate, the petiole formed by the narrowing of the 1st segment, which is sometimes subglobular ; the apical margins of the basal live ( $ ), or basal six ( J ) segments strongly constricted, pygidial area with three planes bordered by carinsB, the three planes always more or less rugose.
The fossorial wasps of this genus are predatory on beetles ; the Indian species I have had an opportunity of observing always store Ohrijsomelidce in their nests. 0. eh'zabetJice I found carrying Bownesia brettingliami to her nest. The nests that I have seen iiave always been dug in level ground, never on a bank-side, and the tunnels leading to them were from 6 to 12 inches deep.
Key to the Species.
A. Enclosed, triangular, or cordate space at base of median segment smooth. a. Abdomen with the basal segment red. a'. Clypeus transverse anteriorly.
a^. Clypeus transverse only in the middle
at apex ; not dentate C. albopicta, p. 301.
IP. Clypeus transverse across the whole
apical margin ; dentate at the sides . C. rothneyi, p. 302. b'. Clypeus emarginate anteriorly.
a^. Colours reddish brown with a few
black markings. L. $ 28-22 mm.. C. ontfwfo/w, p. 302. b'^. Colours reddish brown with black and yellow markings. L. J 10-
12 mm. C. humbertiana, p. 303.
c'. Clypeus arched anteriorly, o^. Mesosternum laterally deatate ; cly- peus not dentate C. dentata, p. 803.
CEECEBIS.
301
i^. Mesonotum not dentate ; apical
margin of clypeus with four teeth . . C, tetradonta, p. 304.
b. Abdomen with the basal segment black,
or black variegated with yellow, not red.
a'. Cl^'peiis transverse anteriorly C. sulphurpa $, p. 30-5.
v. Clypeus arched anteriorly C. pictiventris, p. 305.
c. Abdomen with the basal segment yellow, or
yellow with very narrow black markings. a'. Clypeus porrect, its anterior margin
transverse C.jiavopicta, p. 306.
V . Clypeus not porrect, its anterior margin
deeply incised C. wroughtoni, p. 306.
B. Enclosed triangular or cordate space at
base of median segment punctured.
a. Abdomen with the basal segment red. a' . Clypeus emarginate anteriorly.
or. Apical margin of clypeus vpitb two
teeth C. instabilis S > V- ^07.
b^. Apical margin of clypeus not dentate. C. pulchra, p. 308.
b'. Clypeus truncate anteriorly C. vishnu, p. 308.
c'. Clypeus arched anteriorly C. vigilans, p. 308.
b. Abdomen with the basal segment black, or
black variegated with yellow.
a'. Clypeus emarginate anteriorly C. tristis, p. .309.
b'. Clypeus arched anteriorly C. sulphurea c?, p- 305.
C. Enclosed, triangular, or cordate space at
base of median segment striate. a. Enclosed space longitudintiUy striate. a'. Head extraordinarily large, much
broader than the thorax C.ferox, p. 309.
b' . Head not extraordinarily large, not or little broader than the thorax, a^. Median segment posteriorly red, the
enclosed space black C. mastogaster, p. 310.
6^. Median segment posteriorly red, marked with yellow, the enclosed
space black C. instabilis J , p. 307.
c^. Median seirnipnt black immaculate.
Length 2 10 mm C. unifasciata, p. 310.
Length j 15 mm C. nebulosa, p. 311.
cP. Median segment posteriorly black,
marked with yellow C. hilaris, p. 311.
e^. Median segment posteriorly entirely y
fulvous C. bifasciata, p. 312.
6. Enclosed space obliquely striate.
a'. Mesostemum laterally dentate C. elizabethcB, p. 312.
b'. Mesosternum not dentate C. pentadonta, p. 312.
c. Enclosed space transversely striate C. kirbyi, p. 313.
539. Cerceris albopicta, Smith, A. M. N. H. (4) xii, 1873, p. 412; Schlett. Zool Jahrb. 1887, p. 485 : Cam. Mem. Manch.L. Ph. Soc. (4) iii, 1890, p. 248.
2 . Head, thorax, and abdomen closely and finely punctured ; the clypeus broad, flat, transverse anteriorly in the middle, the sides oblique, antennal carina short, broadening below ; the
302
SPHEGID^.
enclosed space at the base of the median segment small, smooth, shining, a single row of punctures along its sides ; a medial slight groove ending beyond the apex in a small depression, beyond which again the furrow is continued to the apex of the segment ; abdomen longer than the head and thorax united. Black, the clypeus and face below the base of the antenna3, the scape of the latter, the antennal carina, a spot behind the eyes (sometimes absent), the pronotum posteriorly, the tegula, a curved medially interrupted line on the scutellum, a transverse line on the post- seutellum, two spots, one above the other, on the mesopleurEe, a spot at the base (sometimes absent) and two apical lateral spots on the 2nd abdominal segment, and the whole 3rd and 5th segments above white, the white on the 3rd and 5th segments emarginate anteriorly; basal two segments of the abdomeu red; flageilum fulvous; legs white, the intermediate and posterior femora and tibiae more or less stained with chestnut-red; wings hyahne, fuscescent at apex.
Hah. Bombay. 5 . Lencith 10-11 ; exp. 19 mm.
540. Cerceris rothneyi, Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. 8oc. (4) iii, 1890,
pp. 250 & 251.
$ . Clypeus and front punctured, the punctures very shallow ; the clypeus anteriorly transverse, with a minute tooth at the base of the mandible on each side ; head above and mesonotum closely and finely punctured ; pronotum, scutellum, postscutellum, median Segment, and abdomen finely but not so closely punctured ; the triangular enclosed space at base of med'an segment smooth and shining, medially furrowed, the furrow continued to the apex of the segment. Variegated with black, yellow, and ferruginous ; the base of the mandibles, the clypeus and face in fi-out, as high as halfway between the base of the antennae and the anterior ocellus, the scape, the tegulae, the middle of the scutellum and post- scutellum, the base of the 2nd, the 3rd, and 5th segments of the abdomen above, yellow ; the vertex of the head, the cheeks, and the 4th and 6th abdominal segments black, the rest of the thorax and abdomen ferruginous or chestnut-red ; legs yellow, the femora above stained with dark red ; wings hyaline, the apex of the fore wing fuscous.
Bab. Barrackpore, Bengal. § . Length 10 ; exp. 20 mm. Type in coU. Eothney.
541. Cerceris orientalis, Smit/i, Cat. p. 454, 2 J; SchMt. Zool.Jah-b.
1887, p. 498; Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) iii, 1890, pp. 250 & 265, pi. X, fig. 14.
2 . Head, thorax, and abdomen strongly but not very closely punctured ; clypeus porrect, the apex roundly emarginate, beneath with a fringe of long stiff hairs, the sides of the face and front, and the cheeks, pilose ; the front from below the anterior ocellus to the base of the clypeus with a wide well-marked carina ; median segment with a small enclosed space at base smooth, divided by a
CEECEEIS.
303
medial furrow which is continued down the truncated posterior face of the segment to the apex, the sides of the median segment with long soft pubescence ; abdomen longer than the head and thorax united. Eeddish brown, the region of the ocelli and trans- verse narrow bands at the base of abdominal segments 2-5 black, the pile on the face silvery, the pubescence on the median segment white ; wings flavo-hyaline, apical margin of the fore and apex of hind wing fuscous.
similar, slightly smaller, with fuscous marks on the thorax. Uab. North- West Provinces ; Barrackpore; Madras. ^.Length
18- 22 ; exp. 36-44 mm.
542. Cerceris humbertiana.
? Philanthiis interstinctus, Fahr. Ent. Syst. Suppl. p. 269. ? Cerceris interstincta, Smith, Cat. iv, p. 452.
Cerceris humbertiana, Sauss. Novara-Reise, Hym. p. 97, 5 ; Schlett. Zool. Jahrh. 1887, p. 494 ; Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) iii, 1890, p. 249.
Cerceris emortualis, Sams. Novara-Reise, Sym. p. 98. Cerceris viscosus, Smith, Tr. Ent. Soc. 1875, p. 40, 5 . Cerceris rufinodis, Smith, Tr. Ent. Soc. 1875, p. 41, cJ.
2 . Head, thorax, and abdomen closely and not very finely punctured, lamina of clypeus porrect, the apex very slightly emar- ginate ; antennal carina short, pyramidal in form ; median segment with triangular enclosed space at base smooth and shining, a very short but deep longitudinal furrow at its apex, the furrow not continued to the apex of the segment ; abdomen somewhat longer than the head and thorax united. Eeddish brown; mandibles at base, clypeus, front to a little above the base of the antenna, the scape of the latter, the antennal carina, a small spot above it, the cheeks, the posterior margin of the pronotum, a spot on the tegulaa, a spot on the mesopleurse, another below it on the meso- sternum, a small spot at the latei-al angles of the scutellum, a line on the postscutellum, a broad elongate mark on the sides of the median segment, and large semicircular spots on the apical margins of abdominal segments 2-4, with the whole of the 5th segment above, bright yellow ; an elongate spot on the front above the clypeus reaching a little beyond the ocellus, and the bases narrowly of the 2nd and following segments of the abdomen black ; wings hyaline, the stigma and apex of fore wing fuscous.
d similar in shape of the yellow markings, but black, with the basal segment red. In both sexes the legs are yellow, variegated with chestnut-red in the female, black in the male.
Eab. Barrackpore, Bengal ; Ceylon. $ . Length 10-12 ; exp.
19- 22 mm. cj . Len^gth 9—10 5 exp. 15—19 mm.
513. Cerceris dentata, Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) iii, 1890 pp. 248 & 260, pi. X, fig. 10.
5 . Clypeus broad, depressed, smooth, arched anteriorly ; the head above, thorax, and abdomen coarsely punctured, the meso-
304
SPHEGID^.
sternum laterally with two teeth ; the enclosed space at the base of the median segment smooth and shining, with only one or two large punctures, medially divided by a fine furrow, which is con- tinued to the apex of the segment. Black ; the base of the mandibles, clypeus, sides of the face broadly, not reaching the vertex, a small balloon-shaped mark above the base of the antennae, a diagonal spot behind the eyes on each side of the vertex, the posterior margin of the pronotum, the tegulse, the tubercles, a spot round the lateral mesosternal teeth, two large spots on the scutellum, a line on the postscutellum, a large oval spot on each side posteriorly of the median segment, two minute spots above on the basal, and transverse bands on the apical margins of the 2nd, 3rd, and 5th abdominal segments, yellow ; the flagellum of the antennae, femora and tibise of the legs above, and basal abdominal segment ferruginous, the femora and tibiae beneath and the tarsi yellow ; wings hyaline, apex of fore wing with a light fuscous spot, nervures testaceous.
Hah. Barrackpore, Bengal ; Poona, Bombay. ? . Length 8-9 ; exp. 16-17 mm. S unknown. Type in coU. Eothney.
*544. Cerceris tetradonta, Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) iii, 1890, pp. 250, 261, pi. X, fig. 12.
5 . " Black, closely and rather strongly punctured ; the clypeus, the cheeks broadly from near to the top of the antennal ridge, scape beneath the base of the mandibles, two small spots behind the ocelli, a large line behind the eyes, a broad line on the side of the pronotum, a mark on the side of the scutellum, metanotum, two large marks on the side of the median segment, tegulae, tubercles, a small spot below them, the sides of the petiole, and a short line on the edges of the other segments, and on the edges of the 3-5 ventral segments, whitish yellow .... Flagellum rufous beneath, fuscous above, the 3rd and 4th joints subequal. Clypeus flat the apex projecting and armed with four stout blunt teeth. Pronotum rounded at the sides and with an oblique slope in front. Mesopleural furrow indistinct. Trigonal area smooth, impunctate, shininc the central furrow narrow ; metapleur^ at base strongly striolated black above, the rest reddish, the extreme apex of the median segment being also reddish. Petiole rufous, broader than long the base obhque .... The basal ventral segment is entirely rufous the others are broadly rufous in the middle. Wings almost hyaline, the apex infuscated .... Legs rufous m front more or less whitish yellow beneath, the hind tibiae fuscous behind, the hind tarsi for the greater part fuscous.
"The cJ is smaller and similarly coloured, hut \^nth the yellow marks more reduced, the clypeus sHghtly convex, the apex trans- verse except that a short not very distinct tooth projects in the middle. The femora are broadly lined with black laterally and above, especially the anterior four.
» Hab. 7oona, Bombay Presidency. $ . Length 6-7 mm.
OBBCEHISi
305
545. Cerceris sulphnrea, Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) iii, 1890,
pp. 230, 2G1, pi. X, fig. 11.
$ . Clypens porrect, the apex transverse, the antennal carina broad beneath, running into a sharp edge at top ; vertex of the head closely punctured ; the front, thorax, and abdomen more sparsely punctured ; the enclosed triangular space at the base of the median segment smooth and shining ; abdomen about as long as head and thorax united. Black ; the base of the mandibles, the clypeus and face to a little above the base of the antennas, the antennal carina, the cheeks behind the eyes, the pronotnm, scutellum, po,stscutellum, a large oval spot on each side of the median segment, the mesopleurse, and large lunate spots on both sides of the apical margins of abdominal segments 1-5, bright yellow ; the legs yellow, marked with ferruginous ; the apical segment of the abdomen ferruginous; the flagellum of the antennsB fulvous ; wings hyaline, the apex of the fore wing fuscous.
cJ similnr, but with the trigonal area at base of median seg- ment punctured, and the mesonotum marked with rufous.
ffab. Bombay. 5 ^. Length 8; exp. 16 mm. Type in coll. Eothney.
546. Cerceris pictiventris, Bahlb. Hym. Eur. i, p. 498. Cerceris novarfe, Savss. Novam-Reise, Hym. p. 92, pi. iv, fig. 54. Cerceris fervens, Smith, A. M. N. H. (4) xii, 1873, p. 411.
5 . Head, thorax, and abdomen closely and coarsely punctured, the punctures on the clypeus and face below the base of the antennae not so deep or close as on the head above; clypeus broad, flat, broadly rounded anteriorly, the lateral angles somewhat pro- duced ; antennal carina short ; a space round the base of each antenna hollow and smooth ; median segment with the enclosed space at base small, triangular, smooth, medially furrowed ; the apex of the enclosure and the furrow, which is continued down to the apex of the segment, transversely striate. Black ; the base of the mandibles, the clypeus, the inner orbits of the eyes broadly to above the base of the antennae, the antennal carina, the lateral angles of the pronotum, a spot on each of the mesopleui-te below, the outer margins of the tegulse, a line on the scutellum, the post- scutellum, the posterior lateral angles of the median segment, the base of the 2Dd abdominal segment, and broad anteriorly emar- ginate transverse bands on the 3rd and 5th segments, yellow.; legs yellow, the posterior femora and the apices of the posterior tibias on the inside rufo-fuscous ; wings hyaline, the narrow costal margin of the fore wing and the apex fuscescent.
d" similar, but the yellow markings not so broad or vivid ; the anterior and intermediate femora at base and the entire posterior femora black.
Var. The clypens in the centre and the scutellum black. S ■ The apical margui of the 6th abdominal segment with a transverse yellow band.
VOL. I. T
306
BPHEGID^.
Bah. Throughout India, Ceylon, Burma, and Tenasserim. Common. $ . Lencjtli 9-11 ; exp. 18-22 mm. J • Length 8-10 ; ex_p. 17-20 mm.
547. Cerceris flavopicta, Smith, Cat. iv, p. 451, J 2 ; Schlett. Zool. Jahi-h. 1887, p. 492 ; Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) iii, 1890, p. 249.
5 . Head, thorax, and abdomen rather sparsely and coarsely punctured, on the vertex oE the head and the basal portions of the abdominal segments the punctures are somewhat closer ; clypeus porrect, its anterior margin transverse ; median segment with the enclosed space at base smooth and shining, not divided by the usual medial furrow, which runs from the apex of the enclosed space only to the apex of the segment. Yellow ; the vertex of the head, with a stripe leading to the base of each antenna, a broad curved stripe on the occiput, the mesonotum, the enclosed space at the base of the median segment, a broad medial stripe down to the apex of the latter, the metapleursB, and the base and apical margin very narrowly of abdominal segments 1-5 black, the black at the base and apex of each segment connected by a broad black medial stripe narrowing posteriorly; the flagellum of the antenuEB fulvous, the intermediate femora and tibise with reddish stains above; wings hyaline, the apex broadly fuscous; nervures pale testaceous, teguls yellow.
S similar, but the clypeus not porrect, and the medial stripes on the abdominal segments very narrow, obsolete on the 5th sesiment.
Hab North-West Provinces ; Barrackpore ; Tirhoot ; Madras ; Assam. ? 6- Length 9-11; exp. 18-20 mm. Type in coU. British Museum.
*548. Cerceris wroughtoni. Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) iii, 1800, p. 258.
P . "Black, shining, thorax and head punctured, the abdomen impunctate, smootli; the clypeus, the cheeks to above the base of the antenuEB, the antennal ridge, the scape beneath, a large broad line behind the eyes, a line on the pronotum, scutellum, metanotum, two small marks on the middle of the median segment, the petiole except a broad stripe down the centre, the base of the second and thW segments all round, the edge of the fourth and a large mark in its centre, a similar mark on the fifth, and the basal three ventral segments fo; the greater part, clear yellow ; the flagellum beneath and a large mark on either side of the median segment rufo-fulvous ; leg fulvous, the anterior fo.n- in front and the hinder femora m part pale yellow. Wings fuscous, the apex much darker, the EmVfulvons . . . Clypels flat, the apex black, roundly and bi-oadly inciSd Its sides and the cheeks bearing a silvery pubescence. . . . ThTpubeseence on the head is longish and pale, ^^e punctuation moderately strong, and all the punctures deeply sepai;ated. Thorax rdeiately stronlly punctured, covered with a pale pubescence
CBUCEEIS.
307
. . . scutellum sparsely punctured, trigonal area smootb, impunc- tate, furrowed down the middle . . . Petiole wider than long, bulging out in the centre, sparsely and finely punctured, the fifth segment also s]mrsely pimctured, the others with the surface aciculate. . . . Hinder tibia) very stoutly and closely spined. The male has the face from the top of the autennal ridge entirely yellow ; the clypeus flattish, the apex rounded, almost transverse, the lateral plates incised, there is a small yellow mark below the tubercles, there are two large yellow marics on the median segment ; the 4th segment is almost entirely yellow, the 5th has a narrow yellow border on the apex, the 6th is almost entirely yellow, the sides of the apical segment are yellow; the legs are clear yellow ; the hinder femora are marked with blacl?, the hind tibiae are broadly black at the apex, and the hind tarsi are fuscous ; other- wise coloured as in the 2 . . . Length 11 mm." Hah. Bombay. I have not seen this species.
549. Cerceris instabilis, Smith, Cat. iv,p. 452,?; Schlett.Zonl.Jahrb. 1887, p. 494 ; Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) iii, 1890, p. 249. Cerceris velox, Smith, Tr. Ent. Soc. 1875, p. 41, .
2 c? • Head, thorax, and abdomen closely punctured ; clypeus broad, incised in the middle, with two prominent but obtuse teeth ; median segment with the enclosed triangular space at base equilateral, longitudinally striate in the 5 , punctured in the d , basal abdominal segment particularly slender and long. Eeddish brown : the region of the ocelli, with a broad patch below stretching laterally to tiie eyes and downwards to the base of the antennae, the pronotum in front, the triangular enclosed space at the base of the median segment, a medial narrow line down to the apex of the latter, and the bases of abdominal segments 2-5 narrowly, black ; the clypeus, face in front, antennae, and legs more or less fulvous ; the posterior margin of the pronotum, the scutellum and postscutellum, a curled comma-shaped spot Fig. m.— Cerceris on each side of the apes of the median segment, instabilis, $ . ?. a subbasal spot on the 2nd abdominal segment above, and the posterior margins of the 3rd and 5th segments broadly, yellow ; wings hyaline, their apical margins broadly fuscous.
Var. a. The front above the antennas, the vertex and occiput black, the last with a curved brownish-red transverse stripe.
Var. (i. Similar to Var. a, but with no yellow spots on the median segment ; the clypeus and face below the antennae, and scape of the latter bright yellow.
Var. y. The head and thorax black, with the yellow markings as in the type.
Var. S. Very much larger ; head and thorax black ; yellow markings as in the type, with the addition of a broad curved
i2
308
SPHEGIDjE.
transverse stripe on the occiput, and a geniculaled stripe behind the eyes yellow. {Length 14 mm.)
Bah. Throughout the plains of India ; Bombay ; Bangalore ; Madras; Burma; Tenasserim ; Ceylon. $ S- Letiyth 9-11; exp. 18-21 mm.
550. Cerceris pulchra, Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) iii, 1890,
pp. 250, 253, pi. X, tig. 5. PPhilantlius dissectus, Fabr. Ent. Si/st. Svjjpl. p. 269.
$ cJ • Closely I'esembling in colour and markings C. alhopicta (p. 301) ; but constantly smaller, with the parts which in the latter species are white a rich golden yellow ; also the spots behind the eyes, on the mesopleurse, and on the lateral apical margins of the 2nd abdominal segment wanting, as well as the line on the scutellum ; the clypeus is angularly incised in the middle ; and the enclosed space at the base of the median segment is punctured, not smooth.
This species may be the Philanthus dissectus of Fabricius, which I have wholly failed to identify.
Hab. Sikhim ; Barrackpore ; North-West Provinces ; Bombay. $ d . Length 7-8 ; eap. 14 mm.
551. Cerceris vishnu, Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) iii, 1890,
pp.250, 254, 2 c?,pl. X, fig. 7*.
2 . Lamina of clypeus projecting, incised anteriorly ; head and thorax rugose, punctured; the enclosed space at the base of the median segment nearly obsolete, coarsely punctured like the rest of the segment; basal segment of abdomen a little longer than broad. Black ; the clypeus anteriorly, the antennal carina, the scape of the antennae, a spot on each cheek, a small mark on each side of the pronotum, the posterior margins of the 3rd and of the 5th abdominal segment in the middle, the anterior and intermediate tibiae in front, and the bases of the posterior tibiai yellow ; the femora beneath, the posterior coxa;, the basal abdominal segment entirely and the basal half of the 2nd segment rufo- feri-uginous ; wings hyaline, apex of fore wing fuscous.
cJ similar, but the clypeus truncate not incised, basal abdominal segment entirely and the basal half of 2nd segment black, and the posterior margin of the 6th segment yellow.
Hdb. Barrackpore ; Bombay. 2 • Length 8-9 ; exp. 14 mm.
a little smaller.
552. Cerceris vigilans. Smith, Cat. iv, p. 454, d ; -^"'T*-
1887, p. 506 ; Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) ni, 1890, p. ioO. 2 Clypeus and front to a little above the base of the antenna; smooth, with only a few scattered punctures ; head above, the thorax, and abdomen closely and somewhat coarse y punctured ; clypeus large, broadly arched anteriorly, the apex slightly produced and armed with three broad teeth ; antennal carma short and broad; median segment with the enclosed space at base bounded by converging furrows, continued after their junction as one broad
CERCEHTS,
309
vertical furrow to the apex of the segment, the enclosed space shining, more sparsely piinctund and divided by a medial, longi- tudinal, short groove; abdomen a little longer lhau the liead and thorax united. Blaeic, covered all over with a thin hoary pubescence ; a broad line on each side of the face along the inner orbits to a little above the base of the antenn£B, a medial line from the anterior ocellus broadening on the clypeus, a spot on each cheeli close to the vertex, a spot on each side of the pronotum, the tibiffi and basal joints of the tarsi of all the legs above, and two approximate cup-shaped marks at the apex of the basal segment of the abdomen above, yellowish white; abdominal segments 2-4 ferruginous red, the 4th shaded with fuscous black ; wings dark fuscous with a purple effulgence.
cJ similar, but the antennas ferruginous beneath.
Hah. Kumaun ; Barrackpore : Bombay ; Madras ; Burma ; Tenasserim. 5 . Length 12-15 ; exp. 24-30 mm. d • Length 9-12 ; exp. 19-25 mm.
553. Cerceris tristis, Cam. Mem. Maneh. L. Ph. Sue. (4) iii, 1890,
pp. 250, 255, pi. X, fig. 7.
5 cJ. Closely allied to and resembling C. pictiventris ; differs in the antennae being inserted comparatively higher up on the front, in the clypeus ( d ) being subporrect and incised at apex, in the triangular enclosed space at the base of the median segment being punctured, not smooth, and also in this segment wanting the posterior lateral spots so conspicuous in 0. pictiventris.
Hah. Barrackpore, Tirhoot. $ d • Length 7-9 ; exp. 14-17 mm.
554. Cerceris ferox, Smith, Cat. iv, p. 454, J ; Schlett. Zool. Jahrb. 1887,
p. 491 ; Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) iii, 1890, p. 248.
5 . Head from the front very short and broad ; eyes slightly convergent towards the vertex ; clypeus deeply and very broadly emarginate anteriorly : the front above the base of the antennse, the thorax, and basal segment of abdomen very closely and finely punctured, the 2nd and follow- ing abdominal segments lightly punctured, smooth but opaque ; a very fine obscure carina down the front, joining the carina between the antennm, which is prominent ; the enclosed space at base of median segment small, longitudinally and _ finely striate. Black ; the carina above the Pi 87 —Cerceris ^^7?^^^' both sides, and the sides of
ferox 2 . i. clypeus, the mandibles at base, the scape of
the antennse, an ovate spot behind each eye, two oblong spots placed obliquely on the vertex, a spot on each side of the pronotum, another beneath the wings, the margins of the tegulse, the scutellum, postscutellum, a spot on each side of the median segment posteriorly, two minute subapical spots above on the 1st abdominal segment, two on the base of the 2nd, and sub- apical bands on segments 2-5 yellow, the bands on segments 2-4
310-
SPHEGID^,
widening laterally; legs yellow, a fuscous stripe on each femur above and each of the intermediate and posterior tibiae behind ; the apical joints of the tarsi ferruginous ; wings fusco-hyaline, darkest towards the costal margin and the apex of the fore wing..
Var. wanting the oblique yellow spots on the vertex, the spot beneath the wings, and the svibapical spots on the basal abdominal segment ; scutelKim and posterior legs black.
Bah. Tenasserim ; Sumatra. § . Lewjtli 11-14 ; exp. 20-24 mm. J unknown.
555. Cerceris mastogaster, Smith, Cat. iv, p. 463, $ ; Scklett. Zool.
Jahrb. 1887, p. 496 ; Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4; iii, 1890, p. 249.
$ . Head thinly pubescent ; head, thorax, and abdomen coarsely and closely punctured, the clypeus and front beneath the antennae and the poscscutellum with the punctures sparser ; clypeus with its anterior margin very slightly emarginate, almost transverse ; enclosed triangular space at base of median segment smooth and shining, the base longitudinally striate ; a series of single punc- tures along the other two sides of the triangle ; the medial furrow narrow, broadening beyond the apex of the triangle and continued to the apex of the segrnent; abdomen with ventral segments 3-5 having laterally small erect plates, concave within. Head and thorax black ; the base of the mandibles, the clypevis, the front up to the base of the autenuse, the scape in front, the antennal carina, the lateral angles of the pronotum, the tegulsB, postscutellum, tibiae and tarsi of the legs white ; the sides of the median segment red ; abdomen red, two small spots at the base of the 2nd abdominal segment, two large spots covering the sides of the 3rd, and meeting in a thin line along the margin, and two subtriangular spots laterally on the 5th segment white ; the 4th segment laterally, the 5th at its base above, and the apical segment black ; wings hyaline, fore wing with a fuscous spot at apex.
Hab. Madras. 2 . Length 15 ; exjx 27 mm. 6 unknown. Type in coll. British Museum.
556. Cerceris unifasciata, Smith, Cat. iv, p. 456, J S ) ; Schktt.
Zool. Jahrb. 1887, p. 505. cJ. Head, thorax, and abdomen closely and rather coarsely punctured ; the clypeus convex, its anterior margin rounded ; antennal carina short, scarcely produced above the base of the antennae ; the enclosed space at the base of the median segment longitudinally striate. Black ; the face below the antenna3, scape in front, mandibles, an obscure Ime on each lateral tingle of the pronotum, a spot on each tegula, one on the postscutellum, a spot on each side at the apex of the median segment, the anterior and inter- mediate tibiffi and tarsi, a broad band on the apical margni of the 3rd abdominal segment, and the apical margins of ventral segments 2-5, yellow ; the apex of the coxae, the trochanters and tips of the
CEBOEEIS.
femora, and the apical margins of abdominal segments 2-5 above narrowly Havo-testac-eous ; the Hagellum oi the antennae tulvous
^'^'2 tii^ilar, but the 2nd abdominal segment has two spots at its base, and the -ith and 5th as well as the 3rd segment a broad band of yellow on their apical margins.
Var. The band on the 4th abdominal segment reduced to a hne line : the spots at the apex of the median segment absent. _
Hab SiLdiim; Upper Burma ; Siara frontier of Burma; China. $ . Length 11-12 ; eccp. 2u-23 mm. 6 . Length 8-9 ; exp. Ib-
19 mm. . 1 4.1. 1,
Note.— The type specimen in the British Museum is a male, thougH
described by Smith in the Catalogue as a female.
*557. Cerceris nebulosa. Cam. Mem. Marwh. L. Ph. Soc (4) iii, 1890, pp. 250, 265.
« Eyes sUghtly diverging beneath. Ocelli hardly forming a tri- angle Clypeus Hat, the middle at the apex turned outwardly,
widely semi-c-ircularly incised and separated from the lateral pieces by projecting beyond them. Head closely rugosely punctured; the cheeks and lateral margins of the clypeus densely covered with silvery white hair. Mesouotum closely and finely, longitu- dinally, rugosely punctured ; the pleurae coarsely rugose ; trigonal area finely rugose. Abdomen twice the length of the thorax and narrower than it ; the petiole not much broader than long; the punctuation of the segments not very strong ; the pygidial area closely rugose, hardly narrowed at the base ; the apex transverse.
The third joint of the antennae louger and thinner than the
fourth. The cheeks, clypeus, orbits broadly above the base of the antennas, a spot behind the eyes near the top, a band on the pro- notum, scutellum, postscutellum, a narrow band on the base of the 2nd abdominal segment, the extreme apex of the petiole, the apical half of the 3rd segment, and the extreme apex of the 4th, reddish fulvous. Legs black ; the anterior tibiae aud tarsi obscure testaceous in front. Length 15 ram.
" Hab. North Khasi HiUs, Assam."
558. Cerceris Mlaris, Smith, Cat. iv, p. 452, $ ; Schlett. Zool. Jahrh. 1887, p. 493 ; Cam. Metn. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) lii, 1890, p. 249.
2 d . Head above, thorax, and abdomen more or less closely and not very finely punctured ; clypeus porrect, deeply incised anteriorly ; median segm'ent rather more finely punctured, an enclosed equi- laterally triangular space at base finely longitudinally striate, a deep narrow furrow from the apex of the enclosure to the apex oE the segment ; abdomen long, a little longer than the head and thorax united. Black ; the base of the mandibles, a transverse spot on the clypeus, the inner orbits to a little above the base of the antennae, the scape in front, a spot on each side of the vertex behind the eyes, the pronotum posteriorly, a line on the scutellum
312
SPHEGID^E,
and postscutellum, a large oval spot on each side of the median seg- ment, and transverse bands on the posterior margins of abdominal segments 1-5 yellow, the bands on the 1st bordered posteriorly and on the 2-5 anteriorly with ferruginous ; legs ferruginous ; Wings hyaline, shaded with fuscous, especially on their apical half ; nervures testaceous, tegidte yellow.
Hah. Northern India {Smith) ; Madras. ? . Length 11-13 ; exp. 23-24 mm. d . Length 10-11 ; exp. 22-23 mm.
*559. Cerceris bifasciata, Gu6r. Iconog. Riyn. Anhn. p. 443, pi. 71 , fig. 9 ; Schlett. Zonl. Jahrh. 1887, p. 487 : Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Sue (4) iii, 1890, p. 248.
$ (?). Entirely fulvous, punctured, the front of the head below the insertion of the antenna;, the scape of the latter, the base of the mandibles, the 3rd and 5th abdominal segments yellow. Wings with a yellow tint, a small bi-own spot at "apex. Length 5 mm."
Hah. Bengal. I have failed to identify this species in any collection I have examined.
530. Cerceris elizabethae, n. sp. (PI. II, fig. 8.)
5 . Head, thorax, and abdomen coarsely cribrately punctured, the punctures shallow on the front and clypeus ; clypeus with the lamina poi-rect, its anterior margin transverse ; median segment with the enclosed space at base broadly triangular aud obliquely striate, the medial furrow indistinct, the mesosternum beneath with two well-marked tubercular short spines ; the basal segment of the abdomen slender, subcylindrical, and constricted at its apical margin. Black ; the base of the mandibles and an abbre- viated line along the inner orbits yellow ; basal abdominal segment entirely and basal half of 2ud segment red ; antennee, the tibise and tarsi of the legs, and the extreme apex of the abdomen rufo- testaceous ; wings hyaline, f uscescent along the costal margin and at apex of the fore wing ; nervures testaceous, tegulae black.
Hah. Thaungyin Valley, Tenasserim, extending into Siam. 2 . Length 11 ; exp. 20 mm. c? unknown. Type in coll. British Museum.
561. Cerceris pentadonta. Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Sac (4) iii, 1890, pp. 250 & 262, pi. x, fig. 1-3.
5 . Clypeus and the front of the face, the pronotum and scutellum smooth with a few scattered punctures, the head above, mesonotum, median segment, and abdomen rather closely punc- tured ; clypeus subporrect, the apex slightly produced and incised, and bearing five teeth ; median segment with the enclosed space at its base small, very finely obliquely striate, and obscm-ely channelled down the middle, the channel continued as a broad furrow beyond the apex of the enclosed space to the apex of the
CEECEEIS.
313
segment ; abdomen long, longei- than fcbe head and thorax united. Black ; a broad short line along the lower part o£ the inner orbits, the antennal carina, posterior margin of the pronotum, the post- scntellum, and the 3rd abdominal segment and apical margin of the 5th orange-yellow ; flagellum of the antennce beneath fulvous ; wings fusco-hyaline, darker along the costal margin of the fore wing ; nervures blackish brown, tegulas black, with the outer margin yellow.
Bah. Barrackpore. 5 . Lemjtli 8 ; exp. 19 mm. ^ unknown. Type in coll. Eothney.
562. Cerceris kirhyi, n. sp.
2 . Front and vertex of the head strongly punctured, thorax and abdomen smooth, the surface of the mesonotum and the basal abdominal segments finely longitudinally aciculate ; clypeus sub- triangular, broad, convex at base, with a subapical transverse depression, the anterior margin arched and narrowly reversed ; antennal carina rising from a tubercular prominence below the base of the antennae ; median segment with the enclosed space at base smooth or only obsoletely transversely striate, a medial furrow commencing at the apex of the enclosure and running to the apex of the segment ; abdomen with the basal segment long, flattened, forming a marked petiole. Dark shining brown ; the clypeus and front with silvery pile seen only in certain lights ; clypeus, the sides of the face, the antennal carina, a transverse line on the occiput continued more broadly over the cheeks, the posterior margin of the pronotum, the tubercles, tegulse, two spotn on the disc of the mesonotum near its apex, a spot on the mesopleursB, another below it on the mesosternum, the scutellum, postseutellura, sides of the median segment, base and apex of the petiole, basal half of the 2nd abdominal segment, the 8rd segment above, the apical margin of the 4th and more broadly of the 5th segment, pale straw-yellow ; the 3rd segment with a transverse oval brown spot at base ; apical segment rufo- testaceous ; legs yellow, the anterior and intermediate coxte and femora at base above, the posterior coxae beneath, and the femora and tibiae above, with the tarsi, brown ; wings hyaline, beautifully iridescent, the costal margin narrowly and the stigma and apex of the fore wing fuscescent, nervures brown ; flagellum of the antennae dark reddish brown.
Hah. Tenasserim. $ . Length 8 ; exp. 14 mm. S unknown. Type in coll. British Museum.
This pretty and very distinct little species bears a curious resemblance to the savage little social wasp, Icaria Jlavopicta, Smith.
31-i
SPHBGIDiE.
Genus OXYBELUS.
Vespa, pt., Linn. Sijst. Nat. i, p. 948 (1766).
Apis, pt. ; Nomada, pt., Fabr. Mant. i, pp. 299 & 306 (1787).
Crabio, pt., Fahr. Ent. Syst. ii, p. 293 (1793).
Oxybelus, Zatr. Hist. Nat. Crnst. et Ins. xiii, p. 307 (1805).
Type, 0. lineatus, Fabr. Range. Both hemispheres.
Head subglobose, about as wide as the thorax ; elypeus transverse, narrow, auteunis filiform or subclavate ; thorax short, compact ; pro-
notum transverse posteriorly, linear ; scutellum transverse, lunular, having at its lateral angles a projecting squama ; median segment truncate posteriorly, vt'ith at its base a mucro, which is generally in the shape o£ a spout, the lateral edges being re- curved ; sometimes it is flat and lamellar, the apex often incised; legs Oxyhehis trideMus, S ■ f- moderately long and stout, the an- terior tarsi strongly cihated in the female ; intermediate and posterior tibia? spinose, the former with one apical spine or spur ; fore wing with the radial cell slightly appendiculate, and one cubital cell which is confluent with the 2ud discoidal cell; abdomen subtruncate at base, conical, short and broad.
Nothing, so far as I know, is on record of the habits of the Eastern species belonging to this genus. The European species form tunnels in sandy ground, and store the nests so formed with Diptera.
Key to the Species.
A. Mucro lamellar. a. Mucro bright coppery red: $, length
7 mm •
h. Mucro black, apex ferruginous : $ , length 9 mm
B. Mucro not lamellar, but with the sides
curved up. a. Lateral squamse always present. a' . Clypeus cavinate.
ffl^ Carina broad, slightly projecting at
apex of clypeus
h'. Carina narrow, very prominent and projecting, curved over apex of
clypeus
h'. Clypeus not carinate.
a^. Anterior margin of clj'peus tri-
dentate
h^. Anterior margin of clypeus trans- verse or arched. a'. Mucro rounded at apex
O. squa7nosus, p. 315. 0. robustiis, p. 315.
0. sabulosus, p. 316. O. agilis, p. 316. 0. tridentatm, p. 317. 0. nanus, p. 317.
OXTBBLUS.
315
6\ Muci'o incised at apex.
a^. Enclosed space at base of median segment Delow mucro smooth. a^. Margins of abdominal seg- ments 2-5 with transverse
bands of yellow 0. ruficornis, p. 317.
J'. Abdominal segments 1-4 with
lateral yellow spots 0. cestuosus, p. 318.
J*. Enclosed space at base of median segment below mucro punc- tured ? 0. insularis, p. 318.
c'. Enclosed space at base of median segment below mucro finely
shagreened O.Jlavipes, p. 319.
tZ'. Enclosed space at base of median segment below mucro coarsely
rugose O.fulvopiloms, p. 319.
e*. Enclosed space at base of median segment below mucro widely
oblitiuely striate 0. canescens, p. 320.
b. Lateral squamoe obsolete O. lewisi, p. 320.
563. Oxytelus squamosus, Smith, Tr. Ent. Soc 1875, p. 38, 5 ; Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soe. (4) iii, 1890, p. 276.
$ . Head and mesonotum strongly punctured, in certain lights appearing striate ; front below the vertex and clypeus pubescent, with adpressed hairs ; pronotum smooth ; scutellum and post- scutellum sparsely punctured, the projecting laminfe shght, the median mucro large, leaf-like, and deeply incised at apex ; median segment short, the apex abruptly truncate, smooth, the sides above with three or four short obscure divergent carinse, and the upper border of the truncated apex with another bisinuate carina ; abdomen finely and closely punctured. Black ; the scape of the antennae beneath, a broad line on the pronotum, the tubercles, two lateral spots on the scutellum, and large elongated spots on the sides of abdominal segments 1-4 yellow ; the flagellum of the antennte beneath, the mucro, the anterior tibiae, the intermediate femora and tibiae, and the posterior femora bright ferruginous, the anterior femora black with the apices yellow, the posterior tibiae and all the tarsi f usco-ferruginous ; wings hyahne, nervures pale testaceous.
Bab. Barrackpore ; Ceylon. 5 . Length 7 ; exp. 14 mm.
564. Oxybelus robustus, Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) iii, 1890, p. 276, pi. X, fig. 21.
$ . Head, thorax, and abdomen somewhat closely and finely punctured ; clypeus much broader than high, its anterior margin transverse, nearly truncate ; scutellum with a very short medial longitudinal carina at its posterior margin continued over the postscutelhim ; squamao subtriangular, arched on the outside, curved inwards on the inside ; mucro lamellar, as broad as long, its apex
316
SPHBGIDjE.
incised, lateral margins not curved upwards ; median segment below the mucro shining, widely reticulate, with an inner and outer carina on each side all converging towards the apex, which is deeply longitudinally furrowed. Black ; the clypeus, front, and cheeks with silvery jjubescence ; the posterior margin of the pro- notum, a spot on the lateral angles of the scutellum, the squamse, and an elongate spot widest in the middle on each side of the basal four abdominal segments above, ivory-white ; base of the mandibles, antenna}, apex of the mucro, anterior and intermediate femora, tibiae and tarsi, and posterior femora ferruginous ; the antennae and the outside of the intermediate tibioB shaded with fuscous; wings hyaline, nervures and tegulas pale testaceous.
Bah. Poona, Bombny. $ . Length 9 ; exp. 17 mm. S un- known. Type in coll. ilothney.
565. Oxyhelus sabulosus, Smith, Cat. iv, p. 388, ? ; Cam. Mem. Manch.
L. Ph. Soc. (4) iii, 1890, p. 276.
5 . Closely resembles 0. ayilis. Differs in the clypeus being broadly not narrowly keeled, the keel not produced, the anterior margin waved; the scutellar squama transparent with a stripe of yellow, the mucro broader ; the markings larger, bright yellow not yellowish white ; the apex of the femora and the tibise of the anterior and intermediate legs and the basal half of the tibiae of the posterior legs bright yellow, the basal and apical two joints of the tiagellum of the antennae and the tarsi ferruginous.
Hah. India (Smith). 5 . Length 6 ; exp. 12 mm.
566. Oxytelus agilis, Smith, Cat. iv, p. 387, ; Cam. Mem. Manch.
L. Ph. Soc. (4) iii, 1890, p. 276.
(5 . Head, thorax, and abdomen finely and closely punctured ; scutellum large, prominent, the punctures on it larger and more scattered ; clypeus with a prominent narrow shining keel down the middle, the apex of the keel produced and curved over the apical margin of the clypeus ; the scutellum and postscutellum with a medial longitudinal carina, the scutellar squama large, curved on the outside, the mucro at base of median segment narrow, concave, the sides recurved, the apex slightly incised; median segment beneath coarsely reticulate, with an inner and outer carina on each side all converging towards the apex of the segment. Black ; the clypeus and cheeks with silvery pubescence, a medially interrupted line on the pronotum, the tulDercles, the scutellar squamae, the anterior and intermediate femora beneath, the extreme bases of the posterior tibice above, and medially interrupted subapical lines on abdominal segments 1-5 above, yellowish white ; the flagellum of the antennas, the anterior and intermediate tibiaj and tarsi, and the posterior tarsi ferruginous ; wings hyaline, nervures testaceous.
Hah. India (Smith), cj . Length 7 ; erp. 12 mm.
OXtBELUS.
317
567. Oxybelus tridentatus, Smith, Cat. iv, p. 387, c? ; Cam. Mem.
Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) iii, 1890, p. 276.
cJ . Head, thorax, and abdomen punctured, the punctures dense, not very fine on the head and thorax, more minute on the abdomen ; clypeus with its anterior margin produced into three prominent teeth ; mesonotura, scutellum, and postscutellum with a medial longitudinal carina not quite reaching the anterior margin of the mesonotum ; squaraaj transparent on the outer half, mucro at base of median segment arched upwards, concave, the sides recurved, the apex rounded; median segment beneath very smooth and shilling in the middle, pubescent and obliquely striate on the sides. Black ; the scape of the antennae, the posterior margin of the pronotum, a spot on each lateral angle of the scutellum, the inner sides of the squamae, the anterior and intermediate tibite in front, the posterior tibise at base above, a broad fascia on the basal abdominal segment and a narrow one on the following four segments white or yellow, these fascite all more or less broadly interrupted in the middle ; the flagellum of the antennae beneath, the anterior and intermediate tibiaj below, and the tarsi ferruginous ; wings hyaline, nervures and tegulae dark testaceous.
Var. with the anterior and intermediate femora more or less marked with yellow.
Rab. India (Smith) ; Dawnat Range, Tenasserim. cS . Length 6-7 ; exp. 12-13 mm. $ unknown.
568. Oxybelus nanus, n. sp.
c? . Head, thorax, and abdomen closely and very finely punc- tured, the head and thorax having a granular appearance ; clypeus anteriorly arched; medial carina on the scutellam and post- scutellum indistinct; squamae large, outwardly transparent; mucro small, much narrowed, the sides much curved over, nearly forming n tube, apex rounded ; median segment beneath the mucro reticulate, the space enclosed by the inner carinEe small, shining at apex. Black ; the clypeus and front with thick glistening silvery pile ; a hue on the pronotum, the tubercles, a spot at each lateral angle of the scutellum, the postscutellum, the squamse inwardly, the anterior femorfv, the tibiae and tarsi of all the legs, the intermediate and posterior femora beneath, a very large sub- triangular spot on each side of the basal two abdominal segments, and narrow linear spots on each side of the two following segments yellow; antennae fulvous; wings hyaline, nervures and tegulae testaceous.
Hub. Rangoon, Burma. J . Length 4 ; exp. 7 mm. ? unknown. Type in coll. British Museum.
569. Oxybelus ruficornis, Smith, Cat. iv, p. 388, 2 : Catn. Mem. Manch
L. Ph. Soc. (4) iii, 1890, p. 276.
2 . Head, thorax, and abdomen finely and closely punctured and pubescent ; the scutellum with a medial carina continued over
318 sPiiBGrD^.
the postscutellum between the scutellar lateral lamella?, which are broad, and roundly curved on the outside, the inner sides emarginate, the apex acute ; mucro narrow, not dilated at apex, and slightly but widely incised ; the median segment beneath truncate, smooth and shining in the middle, the sides obliquely striate. Black ; the base of the mandibles, the scape of the antenna}, a line on the pronotum, the tubercles, an ovate spot on each side of the scutellum, the scutellar lamellae, the apex of the mucro, the apices of the femora, the tibia? and tarsi, a large spot on each side of the basal abdominal segment, a line emarginate anteriorly on the margin of the 2nd, and a complete line on the margins of the 3rd and 4tli segments, yellow ; the antennae, the coxse and femora, and a stain on the intermediate and posterior tibisD in front ferrugincu?; wings hyaline, nervures and tegulse ferruginous.
Hah. India (Smith). ? . Leiigth 5-5 ; exp. 11 mm. d unknown. Type in coll. British Museum.
570. Oxybelus sestuosus, n. sp.
d . Head and thorax very closely and coarsely, abdomen much more finely punctured ; clypeus very narrow, transverse ; meso- notum, scutellum, and postscutellum with a medial lougitudmal carina ; the apex of the mesonotum, the scutellum, postscutellum, and inside of the mucro except at apex reticulate ; median segment broad, the sides above obliquely and widely striate up to a lateral carina, below that nearly smooth, obscurely transversely stnate; the enclosed triangular" space at base below the mucro, and the apex of the median segment beyond smooth and shmmg; the squamsB rounded ; the apex of the mucro deeply incised, its sides slightly recurved. Black ; the scape of the antenna;, the posterior maro-in of the pronotum, the tubercles, squamte, the anterior and intermediate femora beneath, the tibite and tarsi, the posterior tibiffi above and the tarsi, and elongate narrow subapicnl spots on each side of the basal four abdominal segments, yellow ; the clvpeus, front, and cheeks mth a thin silvery pubescence ; wings hyaline, nervures and tegulte testaceous.
Hah. Tenasserim. c? . Length 5-5; exp. 10 mm. ? unknown. Type in coll. British Museum.
*571 OxYbelns insularis, Kohl, Termess. Fuzetek. 1884, p. 109, $ ; Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) iii, 1890, p. 2/6.
Q " Black ; mandibles yellow ; a line on the pronotum, the tuber'cles, a spot on each side of the scuteUum, the internal margin of the squam^, and sublinear small spots on the 1-4 abdominal segments laterally, ivory-white. Anal segment black. Legs blaek, variegated with red and ivory-white. Wings subhyalme. Pm c- tures'somewhat sparse, denser on the abdomen than in O.^v^belus mandihularis. Mesothorax shining, sparsely punctured. Mucro not dilated at apex and lightly emarginate.
Hah. » Ceylon. $ . Length 5 mm.
OXYJ3ELITS.
319
*572. Oxybelus flavipes, Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) iii, 1890, pp. 270 & 277.
" Head closely punctured, the face, cheeks, and front densely covered with golden pubescence; the clypeus in the middle and trophi yellow ; the tips oi the mandibles black, piceous red before the black. Thorax punctured closely, covered with pale pubescence ; a line on the collar, tubercles, tegulfc, the scutellum, except at the apex, clear stramineous-yellow ; the lateral plates of the metanotum pale vellow. Pronotum rounded, the sides obhquely truncate; scutellum stoutly keeled dowu the centre ; the central mucor [mucro ?] longer than broad, very slightly and gradually dilated towards the apex, which is acutely and somewhat triangularly incised ; the lateral plates are large, curved outwardly, and ending in a sharply triangular point ; median segment with an oblique slope, finely shagreened ; there is a short furrow below the central mucor [mucro ?J ; two keels run from the lateral plates, becoming united near the apex of the segment, and two other keels run from the sides ; metapleuras finely longitudinally shagreened. Abdomen shining, closely punctured, a yellow line on the sides of the segments ; pygidial area densely covered with stiff depressed golden hairs. Wings clear hyaline, the recurrent nervure quite straight, not oblique, and received before the middle of the radial cellule. Length nearly 5 mm."
Hah. Barrackpore, Bengal. Type in coll. Eothney.
573. OxybeluS fulvopilosus, Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) iii, 1890, pp. 276 & 279, pi. x, fig. 23. 2 . Head, thorax, and abdomen minutely and closely punctured, the punctures on the head very dense and minute ; clypeus broad, transverse, its anterior margin arched, not _ carinate ; scutellum posteriorly with a prominent medial longitudinal carina contmued over the postscutellum ; squamre punctured, acute at apex; mucro narrow, the sides recurved, the apex deeply incised; median segment beneath shining, with the usual four convergent cariuEe, the space enclosed by the inner carinsB coarsely rugose at base, the apex with a deep shining fovea. Black ; the clypeus, front and cheeks, and sides of the thorax with a thin silvery pubescence, and the vertex of the head and apical segment of the abdomen above with an obscure fulvous pubescence ; the scape in front, the posterior margin of the pronotum, the tubercles, a spot on the lateral angles of the scutellum, the squamae, the anterior and intermediate femora beneath, the posterior tibiae above, and large oval spots on both sides of abdominal segments 1-5 above, yellow ; the flagellum of the antennffi, the anterior and intermediate tibia and tarsi, and the posterior tarsi more or less fulvo-ferruginous ; wings hyaline, nervures and tegulfe testaceous.
Barrackpore, Bengal. <^ . Length 1 ; exp.l^ mm. cJ un- known. Type in coll. Eothney.
320
574. Oxybelus canescens, Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) iii, 1890, pp. 276 & 278, pi. s, fig. 22.
d . Head, thorax, and abdomen finely and closely but not densely punctured ; clypeus with its anterior margin arched ; scutellum and postscutellum with a medial longitudinal carina ; squamffi small, rounded on the outside; mucro long, concave, the sides recurved, the apex deeply incised ; median segment beneath shining, an inner and outer carina on each side all converging towards the apex of the segment ; the triangular space enclosed by the inner carinse and the space between the inner and outer carinas with wide, not conspicuous oblique stria* ; the apex of the enclosed triangular space very smooth and shining. Black ; the clypeus, sides of the face, cheeks, and sides of the median segment with a thin silvery pubescence ; the scape of the antennas, the posterior margin of the pronotum, the tubercles, a large spot on each lateral angle of the scutellum, the postscutellum, squamae, and apex of the mucro, the anterior and intermediate femora at apex, thetibite and tarsi, a large spot on e£ich side of the basal abdominal segment, a more elongate subtriangular spot nearly meeting in the middle on each side of the 2nd segment, and narrow, anteriorly emarginate, transverse stripes on the 3rd and 4th segments above, ivory-white ; the flagellum of the antennae and a stain beneath on each inter- mediate and posterior tibia ferruginous ; wings hyaline, nervures and tegulae yellowish white.
Hab. Barrackpore, Bengal. ? . Length 7 ; exja. 12 mm. d un- known. Type in coll. Eothney.
*575, Oxyhelus lewisi, Cam. Mem. MancJi. L. Ph. Soc. (4) iii, 1890, p. 282.
" Black ; densely covered with a short silvery pubescence ; the punctuation close, moderately strong; the mandibles, tubercles, teo-ulffi in part, two elongate marks on the scutellum, metanotum, a fine running from the scutellum and metanotum to the wings, a lateral mark on abdominal segments 1-5, and the knees, tibiae, and tarsi, in front, yellow; wings clear hyaline, the nervures pale fulvous. OceUi m a curve, the hinder separated by the length of the 3rd antennal joint ; eyes rounded inwardly, converging beneath ; the pubescence on the head in front long and dense ; the punctua- tion finely rugose. Scutellum above flat, laterally obliquely maro-ined • the apex of the metanotum rounded, without laminaj. Meclian segment above laterally obliquely, below transversely striolate, the striations wide apart and stout ; shining, impunctate ; metapleurce finely rugose, obliquely striated; the spme at the ba^e of the median segment stout, acute. Abdomen shining, aciculate, densely pilose ; pygidial area acutely pointed, the pubescence fulvous, at the apex dense ; the base of the petiole depressed striolated. The recurrent nervure is received somewhere beyond the basal third of the radial cellule. Length 6 mm."
" Hab. Nugata, Ceylon."
CHABRO.
321
Genus CEABRO.
Spliex, pt., Linn. Faun. Suec. p. 411 (1761).
vespa, pt., Linn. Faun. Suec. p. 415 (1761).
Crabro, pt., Fabr. Si/st. Ent. p. 373 (1775).
Rbopalura, pt., Kirby, Steph. Si/st. Cat p. 366 (1829).
Solenius, Bleplinripus, Ceratocolus, Thyreopus, Crossocerus, Linde-
nius, Corynopus, Pbysoscelus, Dasyproctus, Lepel. Ann. Soc. Ent.
Fr. iii (1834), pp. 712-804. Entomognathus, Ectemnius, Brachymerus, Megapodium, Dahlb.
Bym. Eur. i, pp. 295, 389, & 519 (1S46). Podagritus, Spin. Oay, Chile, vi, p. 353 (1851).
Type, C. cribrarius. Linn. Eange. Both hemispheres.
Head large, subrotund or subquadrate ; mandibles simple or bidentate ; clypeus h-ansverse, nearly always pilose ; front often excavate or furrowed ; antennae geniculate, inserted at the base of the clypeus ; ocelli normal, generally placed in the centre of the vertex ; thorax ovate, pro- notum short transverse ; scutellum prominent, lunulate ; median segment very short, steeply sloped, sometimes truncate, always with a triangular or subcordate enclosed space at base ; front wing with one radial and one cubital cell, radial cell slightly appendiculate, Fig. 89.— CraJro cubital cell receiving the one recurrent ner- auricomus, J . f . 'vure towards the apex ; legs short, stout, spinose, the tarsi longer than the tibioe, the joints of the anterior tarsi in some species dilated in the male ; abdomen pseudosessile, subpetiolate or petiolate ; in some species the basal abdominal segment is closely applied to the median segment, almost truncate at base, in others it is subclavate, or again distinctly petiolate, nodose at the apex.
Very little is known of the habits of the Oriental forms of this genus. Some of the European species are known to make their burrows in bramble-sticks and decayed wood, and to store Aphidce as food for their larvae. In Burma I once noticed 0. opifex carrying oif Aphida from a rose-tree in my garden ; but I could not trace her to her nest.
Key to the Species.
A. Abdomen petiolate.
a. Petiole long, linear, nodose at apex.
a'. Enclosed space at base of median segment longitudinally striate; sides
smooth ; abdomen immaciUate C. opifex, p. 323.
b'. Enclosed space at base of median seg- ment finely obliquely striate ; sides coarsely striate ; 2nd and 4th abdo- minal segments marked with greenish
yellow a brookii, p. 323.
VOL. I. T
322
sphegidji:.
c'. Enclosed space at base of median sefr- ment coarsely reticulate ; 3rd, 4tli, and 5th abdominal segments marked with bright yellow C. buddha, p. 323.
d'. Enclosed space at base of median seg- ment coarsely obliquely striate ; sides smooth ; 2nd and 4th abdominal seg- ments with oblique spots, 5th with a
transverse band greenish yellow .... C. orienialis, p, 324. e'. Enclosed space at base of median seg- ment very smooth, polished, and shining; sides punctured; 1st, 2nd, 4th, 5th, and 6th abdominal segments
marked with yellow C.flavopictus, p. 324.
6. Petiole short, sub-pyriform, gradually widened from base to apex. a'. Basal joint of anterior tarsi twisted,
dilated, and dentate at base C odontophwus, p. 325.
6'. Basal joint of anterior tarsi normal, not
twisted C. ardms, p. 325.
B. Abdomen non-petiolate.
a. Mesonotuni longitudinally striate.
a'. Abdomen with the 2nd, 3rd, and 4th
segments with lateral yellow spots :
L. 10 mm C. sodalia, p. 326.
b'. Abdomen, 1st segment with a yellow
transverse baud emitting a quadrate
spot anteriorly ; 2nd to 6th seg- ments with transverse yellow fascise :
L. 14 mm C insignis, p. 326.
c'. Abdomen, segments 1-4 with lateral
yellow spots ; 5th segment with a
transverse yellow band : L. 7-8 mm. C. spinifrons, p. 327.
b. Mesonotum anteriorly transversely, poste-
riorly obliquely striate C. auricomus, p. 327.
c. Mesonotum punctured.
a'. Enclosed triangular space at base of
median segment reticulate C. quadriceps, p.' 327.
v. Enclosed triangular space at base of median segment longitudinally striate. a-. Abdomen with the apical margins of segments 1-5 narrowly reddish, bases of segments 2-6 lined vsdth
silvery pile C. argentatus, p. 328.
h^. Abdomen with lateral yellow spots
on segments 1-5 , C. bellus, p. 328.
c'. Enclosed triangular space at base ot median segment obliquely striate. a^. Mesonotum densely and minutely
punctured, opaque-looking C. palitans, p. 329.
b"^. Mesonotum lightly punctured C. fuscipennis, p. 329.
d. Mesonotum with two short, medial, longi-
tudinally-impressed Mnes anteriorly, and
a deep round fovea on each side of them. C. nanus, p. 330.
e. Mesonotum smooth and shining, not punc-
tui-ed or striate C. nitidus, p. 330.
CBABUO.
323
576. Crabro opifex, n. sp.
5 . Head, thorax, and abdomen opaque, with dense, extremely- fine punctures, the posterior raargia of the mesonotum, posterior margin of the scutellum, and the enclosed portion at the base o£ the median segment longitudinally striate, the apex of the petiole and extreme base of the 2nd segment of the abdomen polished and shining. Black, the clypeus and the cheeks behind the eyes with silvery pile, the sides and apex of the median segment with soft downy white pubescence ; the scape of the antennae in front, a broad line on the pronotum narrowly interrupted in the middle, the tubercles, two spots on the scutellum laterally, a line on the postseutellum, the anterior tibiae, the apex of the intermediate tibiae, and the posterior tibiae above yellow; the tarsi fusco- ferruginoas ; wings hyaline and iridescent, nervures and tegulae testaceous.
Hah. Tenasserim. $ , Length 11 ; exp. 20 mm.
577. Crabro brookii, Bingh. Jour. Linn. Soc. 1896, p. 444.
2 . Head, thorax, and abdomen opaque, very finely and densely punctured ; head large, square, a little broader than the thorax, with a medial longitudinally impressed line before and behind the anterior ocellus ; the enclosed triangular space at the base of the median segment finely obliquely striate ; on the posterior face of the median segment the striae become coarser. Black, the clypeus and sides of the face with dense silvery pile ; the scape of the antennae, a line on the pronotum, the tubercles, a spot behind the tegula adjoining a lateral spot on the scutellum, the tibias Crahro hrookii, and basal joint of the tarsi above, yellow ; a lateral 5. |. diagonal Hne at the base of the 3rd segment of the abdomen, with a lateral spot at the base of the 4th greenish yellow ; the tarsi reddish ; wings hyaline and iridescent, nervures and tegulae testaceous.
Eah. Kumaun, and probably throughout Northern India. 2 . Length 12 ; exp. 20 mm.
578. Crabro buddha.
Khopalum buddha, Cain. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) ii, 1889, p. 18. Crabro buddha. Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) iii, 1890, p. 270.
cJ . Head moderately finely, closely, and strongly punctured, pro- and mesonotum and scutellum with sparser and shallower punctures ; abdomen dull and opaque, the basal half of the petiole and the extreme base of the 2nd segment polished shining; clypeus, the frontal hollow, and the cheeks densely pilose ; pro- notum notched in the middle ; apex of the mesonotum, posterior margin of scutellum, anterior and posterior margins of post- seutellum, and the sutures between the pleurae crenulate ; median segment with the medial portion up to the apex enclosed by
324
SPHEOIDiE.
curved prominent carinoj and coarsely reticulate, sides obliquely striate ; abdomeu with the apex of the petiole almost clavate, the bate of the 2nd segment strongly constricted. Black, the pile on the face silvery ; the mandibles except at apex, the scape of the antennse, the posterior margin of the pronotum, the tubercles, a large spot at the lateral angles of the scutellum, with a small spot in front of it, an elongate spot on each side at base of the 3rd segment of the abdomeu, a smaller one at base of 4th, and a minute speck at base of the 5th, bright yellow; the legs black variegated with yellow, the gi'eater part of the femora, tibiae, and tarsi being yellow ; wings hyaline, nervures and tegulaj testaceous.
Hah. Tirhoot, Bengal ; Bombay ; Madras. d . Length 9 ; exp. 16 mm.
579. Crabro orientalis, Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc (4) iii, 1890, p. 272.
5 . The clypeus, the frontal hollow, and the cheeks densely pilose, the pleurse, the sides and apex of the median segment thinly pubescent, the head closely and finely punctured, the punctures less dense on the vertex ; the clypeus raised and keeled in the middle ; the ocelli in a wide triangle on the vertex ; thorax not so closely punctured as the front, the apical margin of the mesonotum and of the scutellum, and the pleural furrow crenulate ; median segment obliquely rugose-striate, bearing a Y-shaped furrow on its posterior face ; abdomen dull opaque, obscurely pilose, the petiole swollen and clavate at apex, base of 2nd segment strongly constricted. Black, the pile on the head silvery, on the abdomen fuscous ; the pubescence on the thorax longish and hoary white ; the mandibles at base, the scape of the antennse, the posterior margin of the pronotum, the tubercles, the scutellum transversely in the middle, a small spot on each side of the petiole at apex, and lateral oval spots on the 2nd, 4th, and 5th segments of the abdomen yellow ; the spots on the 5th seg- ment sometimes coalescent and forming a broad transverse yellow band above ; legs, the femora at apex, the tibiae and tarsi of all the legs yellow, stained here and there with ferruginous, sometimes the yellow of the legs is much overlaid with dark ferruginous; wings very light fusco-hyaline, nervures and tegulae testaceous.
Var. With the yellow band on the scutellum reduced to a spot at each angle, the 3rd segment also with a lateral yellow spot.
cJ similar, but with the 5th abdominal segment smooth and polished and immaculate.
ITab. Kumaun ; Barrackpore ; Poena ; Tenassenm. 2 c? . Length 8-11 ; ea^?. 14-18 mm. Type in coll. Eothney.
580. Crabro flavopict-US, Smith, Cat. iv,p. 391, $; Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) iii, 1890, p. 270. 2 Head above closely and finely punctured, the region of the oceUi broad, flat, and with slight shallow hollows in front, beneath the hollows the front is vertical and is divided by a deep but narrow
CEABEO.
325
furrow ; clvpeus and cheeks densely pilose ; thorax smooth, v^ith indistinct shallow fine punctures ; median segment pubescent and punctured on the sides, the subcordate enclosed space at base very smooth, polished and shining, a centx'al longitudinal furrow from base to the apex of the segment ; abdomen smooth and shining. Black; the mandibles at base, the scape of the anteunEe, the pro- uotum posteriorly, the tubercles, a small spot at the angles of the scutellum, a line on the postscutellum, the petiole of the abdomen, lateral spots on abdominal segments 2-4, the apex in the middle of the 5th, and the apical segment above, yellow ; legs variegated with yellow ; the petiole with fuscous stains ; wings hyaline, nervures and tegulte testaceous.
Hah. Northern India (Smith). J . Length 11 ; exp. 22 mm.
581. Crabro odontophorus, Cam. Mem.MancA. L. Ph. Son. (4) iii, 1890,
pp. :370 & 271, pi. x, fig. 20 a, b.
5 . Head, thorax, and abdomen smooth and shining, the head and thorax with long sparse scattered pubescence ; the clypeus, the front above the antennae, and the cheeks densely pilose; clypeus subporrect, the apex broadly rounded and margined ; fi'ont with a shallow vertical furrow, the space on each side slightly raised ; median segment with a medial longitudinal furrow, the base and sides very finely rugose, the pleural furrows crenulate ; abdomen, the basal segment formed into a petiole, slightly flattened at base, gradually increasing in width to the apex ; base of 2nd segment scarcely constricted ; legs stout, the basal joint of the anterior tarsi twisted, dilated at base, the expansion forming a blunt tooth ; the intermediate and posterior femora greatly broadened, somewhat laminate. Black, the head and thorax with a chalybeous hue, the dense pile silvery, the pubescence hoary white ; mandibles, outer sides (not front) of the scape of the antennsB, a broad pos- terior margin to the prouotum, the tubercles, a lateral subapical spot on the petiole of the abdomen, and large lateral spots at the base of the 3rd and 4th segments, yellow ; the legs variegated with yellow ; wings light fusco-hyaline, nervures and tegulse testaceous brown.
Hah. Barrackpore, Bengal. $. Length 8; exp. 16 mm. Type in coll. Eothney.
582. Crabro ardens, Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soe. (4) iii, 1890,
pp. 270 & 273, 5 d .
$ . Head and thorax very finely and closely punctured, the clypeus, the space between the antennas, and the cheeks densely pilose ; clypeus slightly porrect, carinated down the middle ; the front with a medial vertically impressed line from the anterior ocellus to between the antennaj ; med"an segment with the basal area finely longitudinally striate, bounded by a curved furrow, the apex roundly truncate, bearing a medial broad furrow ; abdomen smooth, obscurely pubescent, the pubescence soft, short,
326"
SPHEGIDJB.
and thin, only seen in certain lights. Black ; the sides and apex of tlie clypeus obscurely, in the male yellow, in the female rufous ; the posterior margin of the pronotum bright yellow ; the dense pile on the clypeus and cheeks silvery ; wings hyaline, nervures and tegiilte dark testaceous brown. Mr. Cameron gives the anterior legs as " brightly broad yellow beneath," but it is not so either in the type or in the only other specimen in Mr. Eothney's col- lection.
Eah. Barrackpore, Bengal ; Bombay. $ J . Length 4%-5 ; e.rj3. 9 mm.
583. Crahro sodalis, n. sp.
5 . Covered all over with a thin downy white pubescence ; head, pronotum. scutellum, postscutellum, median segment, and abdomen smooth, polished and shining, mesonotum a little opaque and longitudinally striate ; from the apex of the enclosed triangular space at the base of the median segment a vertical furrow, trans- versely striate inside, runs to the apex of the median segment. Black, the clypeus, face, and cheeks behind the eyes mth dense silvery pile ; the sca])e of the antenn£B, a broad line on the pro- notum slightly interrupted in the middle, the tubercles, a spot on the back of the tegulaj, two spots behind it on each side of the scutellum, a line on the postscutellum, the femora at apex, the tibice, and basal joint of the tarsi of all the legs above, and oval lateral spots on the 2nd, 3rd, and 4tb segments of the abdomen, yellow ; the posterior margins of all the segments narrowly testa- ceous ; wings hyaline, nervures testaceous brown.
Hab. Tenasserim. $ . Length 10 ; exp. 16 mm,
*58 1. Crahro insignis, Smith, Cat. iv, p. 422 ; Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) iii, 1890, p. 270.
" 5 . Black ; head opaque, subquadrate, rather wider than the thorax ; the stemmata in a curve placed forwards on the vertex ; the clypeus covered with pale golden pubescence'; antennae and mandibles black. Thorax opaque, the collar grooved, with the anterior angles acute ; the mesothorax longitudiually striated, with three abbreviated carinte in front ; the metathorax with a half- circular space at base enclosed by a sharp ridge, in the centre of which are two longitudinal carina ; on each side it is striate, the sides coarsely rugose, behind transversely sti'iate ; the vnugs fusco- hyaline with a violet iridescence, nervures rufo-f uscous ; anterior tibiiB ferruginous within ; the posterior femora with a yellow stripe above, and the tibiae with a stripe outside. Abdomen shining, the 1st segment with a yellow baud in the middle, which emits a quadrate spot in front and has two deep notches behind ; the 2-5 segments with a yellow fascia at their basal margins, which are narrowed in the middle ; beneath the 2nd and 3rd segments have a yellow spot on each side.
" Hab. India (^SmitJi.). 2 • Length 14 mm."
CRABRO.
327
585. Cral)ro spinifrons, n. sp.
5 J . Head and abdomen smooth and shining- ; mesonotam and scutellum finely and the enclosed space at the base of the median se<^raent coarsely longitudinally striate ; the front above the aulennje deeply sulcate, with a pointed lamella projecting from the vertex over the sulcation. Black, a line on the pronotum, the tubercles, a spot on each side of the scutellum, a line on the post- scutellum, and lateral diagonally placed spots on segments 1-4 of the abdomen, with a transverse line at the base of the 5th segment, yellow; legs black, variegated with yellow; wings hyaline and iridescent, uervures and tegulte dark testaceous.
Hah. Tenasserim. $ d . Lenfflh 7-8 ; e.iy. 11-13 mm.
586. Crahro auricomus, n. sp.
$ . Head very broad, quadrate, flat above, very finely punctured and densely pilose on the clypeus, the front, and behind the eyes ; pronotum transverse, smooth and shining, with indications of a medial longitudinal groove ; mesonotum anteriorly transversely, posteriorly obliquely striate, the striae very fine and regular; scutellum and postscutellum smooth, slightly punctured ; median segment pubescent at the sides and finely transversely striate, the enclosed space reticulate, with faintly marked short longitudinal carinte ; legs smooth, the tibiae and tarsi with very few spines ; abdomen smooth and shining. Black ; the base of the mandibles, the flagellum of the antennae, the scutellum, a lipe on the post- scutellum, the legs, and broad irregularly margined fasciae across the middle of abdominal segments 1-5 above, yellow; beneath the 2nd, 3rd, and 4th segments are yellow, with subapical, lateral, lengthened black spots ; wings hyaline, nervures aud tegulas testa- ceous yellow.
Hah. Assam. $ . Length 14 ; ex^. 24 mm.
587. Crahro quadriceps, n. sp. (PI. 11, fig. 7.)
5 . Head square above, the cheeks behind the eyes remarkably flattened ; the clypeus pilose, its anterior margin with a remarkable double keel in the middle ; the front, the sides of the head, vertex, and occiput closely and finely punctured ; thorax more coarsely punctured, very sparsely on the scutellum, which is prominent, smooth, and shining ; median segment short, with a very steep, almost vertical slope to the apex, shghtly concave posteriorly and coarsely reticulate ; legs short, stout, the tibiae dilated, the posterior tibiae with short stout spines on the outer side ; abdomen smooth and shining, punctured, the punctures on the basal segment larger and coarser than on the following segments. Black ; the clypeus and the inner orbits of the eyes with dense silvery pile ; the scape and basal two joints of the flagellum of the antennae, a large spot on each side on the pronotum, the tubercles, the apex of the femora, the tibiae and basal joint of the tarsi of all the legs, and a lengthened lateral spot in the middle of segments 1-5 of the
328"^
SPHBGJDjE.
abdomen bright chrome-yellow ; the iutermediate femora at base and the apicid joints of the tarsi reddish brown ; wings hyaline, with a brownish tint along the costal margins, nervures and tegulae testaceous.
Mnb. Kumaim, and probably throughout North-west India. $ . Length 12; exp. 20 mm.
588. Crabro argentatus.
Lindenius firgeutatus, Lepel. Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr. iii (1834), p. 792 ;
id. Ilym. iii, p. 194; JJahlb. Hym. Eur. i, p. 300. Crabro argentatus, Stm'th, Cat. iv, p. 423 ; Cam. Mem. Manch. L.
Ph. Soc. (4) iii, 1890, p. 270. Oxybelus argenteolineatus, Cam. Mem. Mant:h. L. Ph. Soc. (4) iii,
1890, pp. 275 & 282.
5 . Head, thorax, and abdomen rather coarsely and closely punctured ; clypeus narrow, transverse anteriorly, with a triple incision ; a very short obscure furrow behind the anterior ocellus, and a shining fovea on each side of the posterior ocelli ; the enclosed space at base of median segment coarsely longitudinally striate ; apical margins of segments 1-5 of the abdomen narrowly smooth and shining, the bases of the 2nd to the 5th segment constricted and pubescent, the apical segment densely pubescent. Elack ; a line on the pronotum, the tubercles, the postscutellum, the coxae beneath, the apex of the anterior femora, the tibiae and tarsi, and the intermediate and posterior tibife and tarsi pale yellow, all the tibise with a black elongate spot beneath ; the clypeus, sides of the face, cheeks, sides of the median segment, and base of abdominal segments 2-5 with dense short silvery pile ; the apical margins of segments 1-5 narrowly obscure reddish ; pygidium with dense reddish-brown pubescence ; wings hyaline, the apex obscui'ely fuscesceut.
Ilab. India (Lepeletier) ; Barrackpore, Bengal. $. Length 6; e.r^j. 12 mm.
This and two other species, C. nitidus and C. ieJlus, described by Mr. Cameron under the genus O.vybelits are undoubted Crabro, having no lateral squamae or mucro, and a complete cubital and 2nd discoidal cells, separated by a well-marked nervure.
589. Crabro bellns.
Oxybelus bellus, Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) iii, 1890, pp. 276 & 280.
cj . Head, mesonotum, seutellum, median segment, and abdomen coarsely punctured and rugose, the pronotum, tubercles, and post- scutellum smooth, impunctate ; clypeus slightly convex, transverse, arched anteriorly ; frontal hollow deep, densely pubescent ; mesonotum with a short central longitudinal carina anteriorly ; median segment widely reticulate, the enclosed triangular space at base with a few coarse longitudinal strice. Black ; the clypeus, front to above the base of the antennae, and cheeks with dense silvery pile ; the posterior margin of the pronotum, the tubercles, a
CBABEO.
329
large spot behind them on the mesopleursD, a spot on the lateral angles of the scutellum, the postscutellum, and large oval subapical spots on each side of Ihe basal five segments of the abdomen, yellow ; legs .yellow, the coxte above, the bases of the anterior and intermediate femora in front above, and all but the apex of the posterior femora black ; the base of the abdominal segments lined with silvery pile ; wings hyaline, nervures testaceous ; tegulaj yellow, witii a spot of black in the middle.
Eah. Poona. d. Length Q; exp.lQmm. $ unknown. Type in coll. Eothney.
Mr. Cameron in his description notes the markings and legs red, but that colour in the type specimen is without doubt due to potassium cyanide.
590. Crabro palifcans, Bingh. P. Z. S. 1896, p. 446, pi. 15, fig. 6, $ .
2 . Head and thorax very iinely aciculate, dull and opaque ; abdomen very iinely and closely punctured, shining and polished ; clypeus with an obscure vertical carina in the middle, the clypeus and the inner and outer orbits of the eyes, broadly interrupted at vertex, densely pilose ; pronotum notched in the middle, mesonotum with a longitudinally impressed medial line anteriorly ; median segment short, with a vertical slope to the apex, an enclosed trian- gular space at its base obliquely striate and medially longitudinally grooved ; legs stout, the posterior tibiaa on the outside slightly spinose ; abdomen about as long as the head and thorax, fusiform. Black ; the clypeus and the orbits of the eyes with dense silvery pile ; the scape of the antennae, a broad line on the pronotum, a spot beliiud the tegulas, the scutellum in the middle, a line on the postscutellum (wanting in some specimens), the apex of the femora, and a more or less lengthened spot on the outer side of all the tibiae, and lengthened lateral spots at the bases of segments 2-5 of the abdomen, yellow ; wings fuscous with a shght purple effulgence, nervures and tegulse testaceous.
Uah. North-west India, Kumaun; Ceylon. Probably will be found throughout India. 5 . Length 11 ; exp. 20 mm.
*591. Crabro fuscipennis, Lepel. Ann. Soc Ent. Fr. iii (1834), p. 710 ; id. Hym. iii, p. 113 ; Smith, Cat. iv, p. 422 ; Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. (4) iii, 1890, p. 270.
" Head black, mandibles black, with a spot of yellow on the middle. Antennae black, the basal segment yellow, the apex black. Thorax black, lightly punctured, not shining. A yellow inter- rupted line on the pronotum. The tubercles yellow. Scutellum and postscutellum black. Metathorax striate, the striae outwardly divergent. Abdomen black, shining, the 2nd, 3rd, and 4th segments with a line of yellow on each side at base, narrow and somewhat obliquely set, the 5th segment margined posteriorly with reddish yellow. Legs red, the anterior femora, the inter- mediate and posterior tibiae, and the tarsi of all the legs blackish.
330
SPHEQIUiB.
Wings hyaline at base, remainder fuscous ; the nervures, stigma, and tegulsB black.
'■^Hah, India." No measurements are given. I have failed to identify this species.
592. Crabro nanus, Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soe. (4) iii, 1890,
pp. 270 & 274.
$ . Head and thorax minutely but sparsely punctured, shining ; clypeus and the sinus of the eyes densely pilose ; the front above the base of the antennae enclosed by two lateral slightly divergent and one transverse furrow midway between the anterior ocellus and the base of the antennae ; a minute depression between the posterior ocelli ; mesonotum anteriorly with two medial parallel, longitudinally impressed, short Hues, and a deep circular small fovea on each side of them ; median segment with a M'ell-marked enclosed triangular space, the apex of the triangle reaching to the apex of the segment ; the enclosure rugose, coarsely above and finely at the apex ; abdomen smooth, shining, slightly pruinose. Black, the pile on the clypeus and face silvery ; the scape of the antennae in front, the posterior margin of the pronotum, the tubercles, and the apex of the femora, the tibiae and tarsi of the legs bright yellow ; wings hyaline, nervures testaceous.
Hab. Barrackpore, Bengal. 5 • Length 3| ; exj). about 6 mm. (S unknown. Type in coll. Kothney.
593. Crahro nitidus.
Oxybelus nitidus, Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. C4) iii, 1890, pp. 276 & 281.
2 • Head, thorax, and abdomen smooth and shining ; clypeus broadly convex ; the front excavate, glabrous, a shallow depression from the posterior ocelli to the eyes on each side ; eyes haii'y ; median segment with a few short stout longitudinal cariuEe at base enclosed by two convergent carinae, which are continued as a single carina to the apex of the segment ; mesopleural furrow crenulate ; metapleursB excavate at base. Black, the clypeus and cheeks covered with dense silvery pile; the thorax and the pygidial area on the apical segment with a thin soft pale pubescence ; the mandibles at base, clypeus, scape of the antennae, a line on the pronotiun, the tubercles, tegulae, a spot at each lateral angle of the scutellum, a line on the postscutellum, and a lateral spot on the 1st, 2nd, 4th, and 5th abdominal segments yellow, the spots on the 2nd and 4th segments large ; legs variegated with yellow ; wings hyaline.
Bab. Barrackpore, Bengal. $ . LengtJi 7 ; exp. 12 mm. d unknown. Type in coll. Eothney.
331
Teibb *diploptera.
Family EUMENID^.
Tongae elongate, projecting beyond the mandibles or folded back against the sternum, the median part bifid at apex and with a lateral lamina surmounted by a corneous point at top of each of the divisions ; head variable, wider or narrower than the thorax ; antenuEe geniculate or arched, stout or fihform, 12-jointed in the 2 , 13 -jointed in the rT; eyes reniform, the inner orbits having a sinus or emargination ; thorax broad, more or less square in front, the posterior lateral angles of the pronotum reaching the base of the wings ; legs generally slender and feebly armed, the intermediate iibice with one spine at apex, the claws dentate. Wings when at rest with a longitudinal fold; fore vsing with one elongate radial cell, and, owing to the extension of the cubital nervure to the margin of the wing, four cubital cells, the 2nd cubital cell receiving both, or the 2nd and 3rd cells each receiving one, of the recurrent nervures, the 1st discoidal cell considerably longer than the 1st submedian cell. Abdomen very variable.
Key to the Genera.
A. First abdominal segment long and narrowed
into a petiole.
a. Petiole broad and flattened in the middle,
narrow at base and apex ; labial palpi
3- jointed, maxillary palpi 6-jointed .... Zetuus, p. 332.
b. Petiole not narrowed at apex ; labial palpi
4- jointed, maxillary palpi 6-jointed.
a'. Mandibleslong, pointed, witliout distinct
teeth ; anteunss inserted high up in
the middle of the face Eumenes, p. 333.
b'. Mandibles short, truncate, dentate at
apex ; antennae inserted very low down
on the face Labus, p. 348.
c. Petiole gradually widening to apex ; labial
palpi 3-jointed, maxillary palpi 5-jointed,
mandibles moderately long Montezumia, p. 349.
B. Fust abdominal segment not narrowed into
a long petiole, either pseudosessile or only slightly narrowed. «. Second cubital ceU not petiolate. a'. Labial palpi 4-jointed, not plumed. d^. Apical 3 joints of maxillary palpi very small ; united, equal in length to the 3rd joint Rhynchtdm, p. 351.
* The 3rd and following abdominal segments in the Diploptera are strongly retractile and often withdrawn after death within the 2nd segment ; therefore, to insure greater accuracy, all measurements of length are from the front of the head to the posterior margin of the 2nd abdominal segment.
332
BUMENlDiE.
i*. Apical 3 joints of maxillary palpi very small ; united, distinctly
longer than the 3rd j oint ODYNF.nus, p. 360.
h'. Labial palpi 3-jointed, plumed Pterochilus, p. 373.
b. Second cubital cell petiolate Alastor, p. 374.
Genus ZETHUS.
Vespa, pt., Fair. Ent. Stjst. Suppl. p. 263 (1798). Zethus, Fabr. Syst. Piez. p. 282 (1804). Eumenes, pt. Latr. Hist. Nat. xiii, p, 344 (1805). Epipona, pt., Spin. Gay, Chile, vi, p. 248 (1851). Calligaster, Sauss. Mon. Guep. Sol. p. 22 (1852).
Type, Z. cceruleopennis, !Fabr.
Eange. Neotropical and Oriental regions.
Head somewhat wider than the thorax, emarginate posteriorly ; mandibles oblique at the apex, with large terminal teeth, short,
scarcely forming a beak, the apices
slightly crossing one over the other ; antennae insei'ted about the middle of the face, massive, the middle joints of the flagellum the thickest ; clypeus broader than high; ocelli placed in a triangle somewhat anteriorly on the vertex. Thorax oval, pronotum anteriorly truncate ; the median segment posteriorly steeply sloped ; legs slight, short. Wings rather long and narrow ; radial cell of fore wing short, not reaching beyond the apex
of the 3rd cubital cell, shortly appendiculate ; 1st cubital cell equal to the 2nd and 3rd united on the cubital nervure, 2nd cubital cell at top about one-fourth of its length measured on the cubital nervure, 3rd broader at top than it is on the cubital nervure. Abdomen : the 1st segment produced into a petiole, which is attenuate at base and apex, broad and vertically flattened in the middle ; base of 2nd segment shortly petiolate ; remaining segments forming with the 2nd a broad oval, rarely withdrawn inside it.
I have always found the species of this genus solitary, but have never come across the nest. Forbes (' A Naturalist's "Wandermgs in the Eastern Archipelago,' p. 72) states that the Javau species, Z. cy ampler us, makes a large communal nest like the social wasps.
Key to the Species.
a. Legs bright ferruginous Z. ceylonicus, p. 33 3.
b. Legs black Z. dolosus, p. 333.
ZETHUS. — ETJ MENDS.
333
594. Zethus ceylonicus, Sauss. Novara Beise, Hym. p. 5.
$ . Head, thorax, and abdomen closely and somewhat coarsely punctured and pubescent, the pubescence short, not very dense, rather sparse and thin on the scape of the antennas, the thorax, and legs ; mesonotum with two longitudinal divergent grooves, anteriorly slightly widening and not quite reaching the margin ; median segment almost vertically under the postscutellum, with a broad shallow median groove, having a narrow impressed line down the middle, and transversely striate ; abdomen — the petiole long, grooved above, the rest of the segments subglobose. Black and shining, the pubescence fuscous, a narrow line on the posterior angles of the pronotum not continued to the front, a minute spot under it, the tegulse and costal and medial nervure of the fore wing at base, and the trochanters, femora, tibiae, and tarsi of all the legs bright ferruginous ; wings fusco-hyaline with a purple effulgence.
Eab. Barrackpore, Bengal ; Ceylon. $ . Length 17 ; exp. 28 mm.
595. Zethns dolosus, n. sp.
Zethus cyanopterua, Bingh. (nec Sauss.) Jour. Bomb. N. IT. Soc. Y,p. 244, $.
2 . Head, thorax, and abdomen shining, punctured, thinly pubescent ; clypeus broad, convex, arched anteriorly, the punctures fine and shallow ; front and vertex more coarsely punctured ; the tegulse and sides of the median segment glabrous ; mesonotum with two parallel impressed lines on the disc; scutellum medially longitudinally grooved ; median segment with a medial broad sulcation, which within is finely reticulate and bears a longitudinal carina along the middle, the apex with two obtuse teeth ; petiole densely punctured on the broadened portion and bearing an obscure medial longitudinal carina above ; 2nd abdominal segment finely and sparsely punctured, 3rd broadly smooth and impunctate at base and narrowly along its apical margin, the middle finely and closely punctured ; remaining segments with a few scattered punctures. Black ; the pubescence fuscous ; the flagellum of the antennte dull opaque black : wings fusco-hyaline, darker along the costal margin of the fore wing.
Hab. Burma (Pegu Hills) ; Tenasserim. 5 • Length 15-16 ; exp. 28 mm. <J unknown.
Genus EUMENES.
Vespa, pt., Linn. Faun. Suec. p. 415 (1761). Rphex, pt., Christ, Katurg. Ins. p. 315 (1791). Eumenes, Latr. Hist. Nat. Ins. xiii, p. 344 (1805).
Type, E. coarctata, Linn. Range. Both hemispheres.
Head flat ; eyes large, prominent, the sinus in their inner orbits narrow; ocelli in a broad triangle on the vertex ; antennae of mode- rate length, the scape long, the flagellum incrassate in the female, the apex in the male hooked, curved or spirally rolled, inserted in
334
EUMENIDyH.
the middle of the face ; clypeus of variable shape, generally pyriform or subpyriform and longer than broad ; njandibles long, flat, pointed, forming by their junction a more or less acute beak, or crossing one over the other ; maxillary palpi with six, labial
Pig. 93. — Eumenca pctiolata, (J. Head and antenua.
palpi with four joints. Thorax a little longer than broad, sub- globose ; median segment short, nearly vertical, divided medially by a broad and at apex deep groove ; legs slender, the apex of posterior pair not reaching the apex of the abdomen. Wings — the radial cell of the fore wing reaching well out towards the apex of the wing, the 1st cubital cell on the cubital nervure equal to or longer than the 2ud and 3rd united ; the 2nd strongly narrowed towards the top; the 2nd transverse cubital nervure oblique, waved ; the cubital nervure extended to the margin of the wing. Abdomen — the 1st segment extremely narrowed, forming a lengthened petiole ; the 2nd sometimes narrowed at base ; the 2nd and follo\\ing segments united, pyriform.
Most if not all of the species of this genus make little rounded cells of clay for nests, provisioning these with caterpillars as food for their larvae. Eumenes conica, Jlavopicta, and arcuata are very bold insects, coming into hou.ses and constructing their nests on the walls, against the punkah, on the legs and bottom of chau-s, tables, &c., and permitting close inspection of their nest-building operations without showing any alarm or irritation.
Key to the Species.
A. Median segment oblique, not vertical, grooved down the middle, the groove not broadened below. a. Apex of median segment quadridentate. a'. Petiole shorter or equal to the thorax and median segment united. a^. Colours black and yellow, petiole of abdomen sometimes ferruginous . . b^. Colours ferruginous red and yellow . v. Petiole distinctly longer than thorax and median segment united
Fig. 92. — Eumenes petiolata, 9 .
[p. 336.
m. quadn'$2}i7iosa,
E. brevirostrata, p. 337.
E. depressa, p. 337.
EUMENES.
335
b. Apex of median segment simple, not
dentate -2. indiana, p. 338.
B. IMedian segment convex, vertical, with a
slight groove down the middle, groove not or scarcely broadened at apex.
a. Abdomen up to apex of 2nd segment
punctured and granular in appearance. a . Second abdominal segment without a lateral yellow spot. Legs black, variegated with yellow . E. urchiteetits, p. 339.
b^. Legs ferruginous E. hiunbertiana, p. 338.
b'. Second abdominal segment with a
lateral yeUow spot E. punctata, p. 339.
b. Abdomen smooth, slightly shining E. affinisaima, p. 340.
C. Median segment convex, vertical, with a
well-marked groove down the middle, widening at apex into a deep A-shaped hollow.
a. Petiole long, gradually widening to the apex, longer, never shorter than the thorax and median segment united, medially with weU-developed prominent lateral tubercles a'. Large, robust ; length over 25 mm. aP'. Second and following abdominal segments wholly black above ; 2nd segment sometimes with a lateral
red spot at base E. circinalis, p. 340.
fi". Second abdominal segment wholly
black, following segments red .... E. xanthura, p. 341. Second abdominal segment red or blackish at base, apical half and
following segments yellow E. petiolata, p. 341,
d^. Second abdominal segment red at
base, apical half and following [p. 342.
segments black E. dimidiatipennia,
b'. Smaller, more slender ; length under 25 mm.
a^. Second abdominal segment red at base, with a black transverse medial band, the apical third yellow, a'. Sides of the median segment pos- teriorly red ; fore wing always with a subapical fuscous spot. ... E. esuriem, p. 342. b'. Sides of the median segment yellow posteriorly ; fore wing without a subapical fuscous spot . E. gracilis, p. 343. 6^. Second abdominal segment reel at base with a black transverse medial band, apical margin and following
segments red E. conica, p. 343.
d^. Second abdominal segment red at base with a medial black band, apical margin yellow, following segments red E. elegam, p. 344.
336
cZ^. Second abdominal segment red at base, no black band, apical half yellow, folio wing: segments red. ... E. edwardsii, p. 344, h. Petiole very long, half as long again as the thorax and median segment united, narrow linear. a'. Large, robust ; length over 23 mm. a'. Colour black, with abundant yellow markings, a^. Disc of mesonotum with two yellow hook-like marks back to
back E.Jlavopida,^. Mb.
b^. Disc of mesonotum with two short lines and two transverse curved
marks above them yellow E. arcuafa, p. 346.
c'. Disc of mesonotum entirely black. E. hlanchardi, p. 347. IP. Colour entirely black ; clypeus and space between antennfle in marked
with yellow E. curvata, p. 347.
b' . Smaller and very slender, length 12 mm. ;
black with a few yellow markings . . E. lenis, p. 347. D. Median segment comparatively longer, not vertical, depressed below the level of the postscutellum, and distinctly laterally com- pressed ; of very small size, length 7-8 mm E. e.viffua, p. 348.
596. Eumenes quadrispinosa, Sauss. Mon. Gvep. Sol. Suppl. p. 134, $ cJ , pi- -Pii, figs. 2, 2 (/ ; Smith, Cat. v, p. 23.
5 . Head and thorax lightly and very sparsely punctured, the punctures on each side of the front somewhat closer, on the thorax very shallow and scattered ; abdomen densely pruinose and opaque ; clypeus broadly pyriform, convex, the apex sharplv incised ; median segment with, a bi'oad medial ^-^^ longitudinal furrow, with two sharp teeth on ^ each side of it at apex ; petiole stout, broad
at apex, about as long as the remaining abdominal segments, the medial tubercles small but distinct and lateral. Black, the head yellow, the mandibles, a transverse line on the vertex, and the apical ten joints of the flagellum of the antennae black, the last f ulvo-ferruginous Yi 94 —Eumenes ^'^^^^'^^.h ; pronotum yellow, the posterior angles '%uidrispilZa'' tilfick; the tubercles, a spot at the base of 5 . 6. the mesopleurse, two parallel lines on the disc
of the mesonotum, the tegulse except a spot on the middle, the lateral angles of the scutellum, a line on the postscutellum, a spot above, and a large spot below on each side on the median segment, two contiguous spots on the apex of the petiole above, a band (emarginate anteriorly) on the posterior half of the 2nd abdominal segment, and the remaining segments yellow, the last black at base when exserted; legs black, variegated with yellow ; the petiole of the abdomen ferruginous ; wings deep flavo-hyaline,
BUMENES.
337
with the extreme apex of the fore wings fiisoous and the costal border darker in colour. The above is the description of the type specimen. The commoner variety has much less yellow on the head, and the broad band on the posterior half of the 2nd abdominal segment is i-educed to an elongate oval spot on each side; the petiole also is black, not ferruginous.
d similar, slighter, the scape of the antennae black with a streak of yellow anteriorly.
Hab. Mussooree, N.W. Himalayas ; Sikhim ; Calcutta ; Central India ; Madras ; Burma ; Tenasserim. 5 . Length 21-23 ; exp. 40-43 ram. 6 ■ Length 18-20 ; cxp. 34-36 mm.
597. Eumenes depressa, Saiiss. Mun. GuSp. Sol. Suppl. p. 135, 5 ;
Smith, Cat. y, p. 23.
5 c? • Vertex and front closely and finely punctured, thorax in. front with a few scattered punctures ; the ^postscutellum, median segment, and abdomen smooth and impunctate, the 2nd and following segments of the last densely pruinose ; clypeus shghtly convex, broadly subpyriform in the female, narrower in the male, deeply eraarginate anteriorly ; median segment posteriorly with a broad medial furrow and four blunt teeth at apex. Black; the clypeus, a vertical streak above it, the emargiuation of the eyes, a line on the inner orbits not reaching the vertex, the cheeks, a broad line on the pronotum, two hook-shaped marks back to back on the disc of the mesonotum, a spot on the mesoplenra3, the tegnlse, a square spot at each lateral angle of the scutellum, the sides poste- riorly of the median segment, two elongate spots or streaks on the petiole above, two contiguous spots at its apex (these spots bent at right angles and continued along the sides at the apex of the petiole), a large oval spot on each side of the 2nd abdominal seg- ment, and transverse anteriorly emargmate or festooned bands on the apical margins of segments 2-5, yellow ; legs black variegated with yellow, a small round black spot on the yellow of the tegulfB, and a larger one on the yellow on each side of the median segment ; wings f usco-hyaline with a fulvous tinge, slightly purphsh along the costal margm of fore wing ; the wings in the male paler than in the female.
Hab. India {Saussure and Smith) ; Tenasserim. $ . Length 20 ; escp. 40 mm. S . Length 16 ; exp. 30 mm.
598. Eumenes brevirostrata, Sauss. Mon. Guep. Sol. Suppl. p. 136,
pi. vii, fig. 1, $ ; Smith, Cat. v, p. 23.
$ . Head, thorax, and abdomen nearly smooth, the few punctures on them widely scattered ; clypeus oval, raised flat above the anterior margin, with two projecting teeth ; front between the antennse subtuberculate, with an elongate narrow depression above • median segment quadridentate at apex, medially furrowed '; post- scutellum subangular posteriorly ; petiole not" particularly long, broad at apex. Eed ; the clypeus, an irregular mark on the front,'
VOL. I. z '
338 EUMENID^.
extending to the sinus of the eyes and emitting a streak along the orbits towards the vertex, the cheeks and back of the head, the prouotum antoriorly, two parallel longitudinal lines on the disc of the niesonotum, a spot at the lateral angles of the scutellum, and the posterior half of the 2nd and following abdominal segments, yellow ; legs variegated with yellow ; wings fiavo-hyaline, dull not iridescent.
cJ similar, smaller and slighter ; the apex of the median segment sometimes yellow.
Hab. Sikhim ; Calcutta ; Madras. $ . Length 18-20 ; exp. 42 mm, J. Length 17; exp. 40 mm.
599. Eumenes indiana, ;iS«?*s.s. Mon. GuSp. Sol Suppl. p. 136, 9, pi. vii, fig. 3 ; Smith, Cat. v, p. 23. $ . Head, thorax, and abdomen sparsely punctured, shining ; clypeus large, neariy hexagonal, slightly convex, its anterior margin incised ; thorax depressed ; median segment with a medial longi- tudinal furrow posterioriy, the sides obliquely truncate, smooth; petiole of abdomen with an obscure tubercle on each side of the middle underneath. Jet-black ; a spot on the front, another above the base of the mandibles, the scape of the antennae anteriorly, and transverse bands on the posterior margins of the basal two abdo- minal segments yellow, the hand on the basal segment or petiole interrupted in the middle, tbat on the 2nd interrupted on each side above ; apex of the mandibles, the tegiilse, and knees fulvous red • wings fusco-hyaline, suffused with violet.
S similar, smaller : the clypeus, a spot above it, a Ime m the emar<^ination of the eyes, a line behind the eyes at top, the posterior marmn of the pronotum, a spot on the tegulaj postenorly, another on each lateral angle of the postscutellum, and a third on either side at the extreme apex of the median segment, yellow ; the transverse bands on the posterior margins of the basal two segments complete ; legs variegated with yellow. „ r .7.
Eab. India or Airica ? {Saussure) ; Tenasserim. $ . Length i4-5 ; exp. 28 mm. 6 . Length 12 ; e.vp. 24 mm. 600. Eumenes humbertiana, Sauss. Novara-Reise, Hym. p. 6, 2 c?-
0 Vertex of the head, the thorax, petiole and 2nd segment of the abdomen somewhat strongly and closely punctured ; the c ypeus and the 3rd and following abdominal segments smooth, the clypeus broader below than at base and with its apex ending in two blunt teeth • the mandibles long and slender ; the thorax globose, nearly as wide as long ; the petiole of the abdomen long, slender at base, widened, with the sides neariy parallel from beyond the midd e. Black: the extreme apex of the clypeus, the apical l^^'f />f ^he mandibles the tegul^, and the femora, t.bias, and tarsi of the legs ferruginous ; thelpex of the posterior tibia, and the tarsi fuscous; a Sow tw ce-interrupted line on the margm of the prono urn, a spoHnder each wing, two contiguous spots on the pof ^"tellum, a sjot on each side of the median segment at base, sometimes another
ETJMENES.
339
on each side of the apex, and the margin of the petiole posteriorly yellow; wings dark fuscous with a purple effulgence.
cj similar ; the clypeus emarginate at apex, not bidentate. Hah. Puadaloya {Green), Ceylon. 2 . Length 15 ; exp. 28 mm. 6 slightly smaller.
601. Eumenes architectus, Smith, Jour. Linn. Soc. iii (1859), p. 20,
5 tS . Head, thorax, and abdomen finely and densely punctured, obscurely pubescent ; elypeus convex, broader below than above, the apex deeply, the sides slightly emarginate ; the median seg- ment rounded posterioi'ly and bulging ; petiole of abdomen long, subcylindrical, longer than the head and thorax united, the 2nd segment large and very broad. Black ; clypeus in the male yellow, in the female black ; a clavate spot between the antennae, an obscure very short line behind the eyes at top, a narrow line on the pronotum, another, medially interrupted, on the postscutellum, a spot on each side behind the tegulse, and a narrow Hue on the apical margins of the petiole and of the 2nd segment of the abdomen, yellow ; legs black variegated with yellow ; wings f usco- hyaline with a coppery effulgence.
Var. The yellow markings entirely wanting.
Hob. Tenasserim ; Celebes. $ ^ . Length 11-12; exp. 23 mm.
The type from Celebes has more yellow about it, but many of the co-types from Celebes are like the Indian form described above.
602. Eumenes punctata, Sauss. Mon. Gwep. Sol. p. .37, 2 ; Smith, Cat. V, p. 24.
2 . Head and thorax punctured, thinly pubescent, abdomen
more densely punctured, granular ; clypeus cofEn-shaped, apex depressed and deeply incised; antennal carina short, clavate; median segment roundly truncate posteriorly, with a slight medial vertical sulcation. Black, the pubescence on the head and thorax short, soft, fuscous ; two spots at the base of the clypeus, the antennal carina, the posterior margin of the pronotum broadly, the tegulfe, postscutellum, the apices of the femora, the tibisB and tarsi, the posterior margins of the petiole and of succeed- ing four segments of the abdomen, and spot on each side of the 2nd segment, yellow ; the yellow band on the petiole and on the 2nd segment deeply emargiiiate anteriorly ; wings hyaline suffused with brown.
cJ similar, only the petiole of the abdomen granular, 2nd and
z2
Fig. 95.
Eumenes punctata,
2-
340
ETTMBNIDjE.
succeeding segments punctured, shining ; clypeus entirely yellow ; the yellow band on the pronotum narrow.
Hah. Kumaun ; Sikhim ; Burma ; Tenasserim. $ . Length 13 ; exp. 26 mm. S • Length 11 ; exp. 20 mm.
603. Eumenes affinissima, Sauss. Mon. Gtiip. Sol. p. 37, S; Smith,
Cat. V, p. 21. _ Eumenes mainpuriensis, Smith, Trans. Zool. Soc. vii, 189, S i pi. XX, figs. 3, 3 a.
5 c? • Head, thorax, and petiole of abdomen coarsely punctured, rugulose ; clypeus coffin-shaped, the apex deeply incised, the antennal carina short ; the front with an indistinct furrow below the anterior ocellus ; median segment roundly truncate posteriorly, deeply furrowed down the middle. Black ; the clypeus, the pos- terior margin of the pronotum, the tegulse, the postscutellum, the apices of the femora, the tibite and tarsi of the legs, a transverse band on the posterior margins of abdominal segments 1-5 in female, 1-6 in male, and a spot on each side of the 2nd segment, yellow ; wings hyaline, lightly fuscescent along the costal margin of the fore wing.
Var: A line on the cheeks behind the eyes at the top, two spots on each side of the median segment, and a spot on each side of the petiole in the middle yellow.
Hah. Mainpuri, N.W.P. {Home) ; Tenasserim. $ . Length 10- 11 ; exp. 20-22 mm. J • Length 10 ; eccp. 19 mm. I have followed Saussure in separating this species from the European E. pomi- formis, but the two are very closely allied, if not identical.
604. Eumenes circinalis, Fabr. Si/st. Piez. p. 286 ; Sams. Mon. Guep.
Sol. p. 47, pi. X, fig. 7, 2 ; Smith, Cat. v, p. 22.
2 . Head and thorax closely punctured, abdomen smooth, the petioie shining ; clypeus long, pyriform, lightly emarginate at apex ; antennal carina well-marked, branching into a narrow fork above the base of the antennae ; median segment furrowed down the middle, the furrow broad at apex ; petiole not particulariy long, the medial lateral tubercles well developed, almost spinose. Black ; the clypeus, the inner orbits, the antennae, the pronotum except its posterior angles, two oval spots on the mesonotum anteriorly, a spot on the mesopleurae at base, the sides of the median segment, a V-shaped mark on the petiole, the sides of the petiole at apex, and the apical four ventral segments, red : legs red variegated vdth black ; wings deep flavo- or f ulvo-hyaline, darkemng towards the base.
c? similar, clypeus yellow. . ,
Var. The petiole, except for a subapical band, and a spot on each
side of the base of the 2nd segment red.
Hab. India (Saussure and Smith} ; Burma ; Tenasserim. 5 .
Length 25 ; exp. 50 mm. 6 • Length 23 ; 45 mm.
EUMENES.
341
605. Eximenes xanthura, Sauss. Mon. Quip. Sol. p. 4fi, 2 ; Smith, Cat.
V, p. -IV.
$ . Head and tliorax pubescent, abdomen densely pruinose ; the clypeus convex, siibovate, the sides anteriorly roundly emar- ginate, the apex in the middle truncate ; median segment with a medial vertically-impressed line ending in a deep triangular hollow ; petiole of abdomen suddenly widened from the middle to the apex, the medial tubercles beneath large and well-developed. Black, the pubescence fuscous ; two broad lines on the clypeus, an abbreviated line along tlie inner orbits below the emargination of the eyes, the scape, and basal three or four joints of the flagellum of the antenna above, a spot between their bases, a line behind the eyes, a large patch on each side of the pronotum, the femora, tibiffi, and tarsi of the legs, the petiole of the abdomen, except a narrow subapical band above, and the apical four segments red ; wings fulvous, hyaline.
(S similar ; the clypeus is shorter and narrower, the sides and apex as well being deeply emargmate ; the clypeus is also wholly red, the line on the inner orbits yellow ; the petiole of the abdomen is more shaded with black, and the basal three ventral segments have their apical margins narrowly red.
Hah. India {Saussure and Smith). ? • Length 25-27 ; exp. 45 mm. cJ. Length 23; exp. 45 mm. I have seen no Indian specimen of this species ; those in the British Museum are labelled " New Caledonia."
606. Eumenes petiolata.
Vespa petiolata, Fabr. Sp. Ins. i, p. 467 ; JEnt. Syst. ii, p. 278.
Eumenes petiolata, Fabr. Syst. Piez. p. 284 ; Sauss. Mon. GiiSp. Sol. p. 47, $ d ; Smith, Cat. v, p. 26. 2 . Head and thorax with close shallow punctures, petiole smooth, the rest of the abdomen with the surface iinely longi- tudinally aciculate ; clypeus pyriform, its apex truncate ; pronotum anteriorly transverse : median segment with a medial longitudinal furrow ; petiole broadening towards the apex, slightly flattened. Head yellow, a broad black band between the eyes on the vertex ; antennte reddish brown ; pronotum and mesonotum anteriorly yellow, the latter posteriorly black ; scutellum and postscutellum reddish brown ; sides of the thorax and legs black variegated with reddish brown ; median segment reddish brown, with a narrow medial vertical black line; the sutures between the scutellum, postscutellum, and median segment black ; petiole and basal third of the 2nd abdominal segment reddish brown, the former black at base and with a subapical black band, the middle of the latter black, its posterior third and the remaining abdominal segments yellow ; wings deep flavo- or fusco-hyaline.
d similar, but slighter and generally darker ; the 5th and 6th abdominal segments at base and the whole of the anal segment black. A variety, which is most common, has the postei'ior portion of
342"
ETTMEfflDjE.
the mesonotum and the flanks and legs reddish hrown, with some black markings.
Eah. Throughout India, not ascending the hills above 2000 feet ; Burma ; Tenasserim ; Ceylon ; China ; the Malayan subregion. $ . Length 25-27 ; exp. 24-58 mm. S • Length 23-25 ; exp. 46-49 mm.
607. Enmenes dimidiatipennis, Suuss. Mm. Guep. Sol. p. 51, $ d ;
Smith, Cat. v, p. 25.
$ . Head, thorax, and abdomen smooth and shining ; clypeus oval, convex, anterior margin transverse ; antennal carina large, very short, with a very short fork above the base of the antenuie ; scutellum with a short medial longitudinal carina at base, and the median segment with a medial longitudinal fuiTow, indistinct at base, widening and deepening into a triangular hollow at apex. Obscure dull red, the vertex, the apex of the antennae, a mark on each side, and another at the apex of the mesonotum, the base of the petiole, and the apical half of the 2nd and the whole of the following abdominal segments F' 96 —E t lie • black ; wings ferruginous, with nearly the di«Miatipe,m".\. apical half of the fore wing fuscous, having a purple effulgence. S similar, but smaller and shghter ; the head black, the orbits of the eyes red ; mesonotum black, a black spot on the mesopleurae. Var. 5 . Entirely red, with no black markings. Hai. Bombay; Malabar; Karachi; Ahmadabad, Punjab; ex- tending into Arabia and Africa. $ . Length 24-27 ; e.vp. 52 mm. c? . Lmgth 22-25 ; exp. 46-50 mm.
608. Eumenes esuriens.
Vespa esm-iens, Fabr. Mant. Ins. i, p. 293.
■ Eumenes esuriens, Fabi: Sysi. Pie::, p. 286; Sawss. Mon. Gitep. Sol. p. 56, $ c? ; Smith, Cat. y, p. 22.
5 . Clypeus and the cheeks behind the eyes smooth ; front and vertex of the head and the thorax with close fine but shallow punctures; abdomen smooth, slightly shining; mandibles long, having a tooth at apex, and more or less toothed on the inner side ; clypeus strongly convex, but flattened in the centre, its anterior margin transversely truncate at the apex, oblique at the sides, the front between the antenna} raised and prominent, with a broad short furrow at the base of the prominence ; mesonotum anteriorly with a medial longitudinal fine carina, interrupted at the apex, but continued over the scutellum; median segment with a medial furrow broadening and deepening rapidly at apex ; petiole as long as the head and thorax united, broadening at apex, beneath with two small tubercles in the middle and small depressions and
EUMENES.
343
CTooves at apex. Head yellow ; a broad band between the tops of across the verte.x black ; antenna, light redd.sh ; pronotum pro- and mesopleur^e, and postscutellum yellow mesonotum i or the most part black; scutell urn, median segment and legs hght reddShV the anterior tibia, and tarsi yellow ; petiole o abdomen and base of the 2nd abdominal segment hght reddish the petiole and ?nd segment with a subapical band black followed by a band of vellovv, the yellow on the latter occupying the apical halt of the sec;ment, remaining segments yellow, with their bases (when drawn out) black ; wings flavo- hyaline, with their apical margins broadly light fuscous, and a narrow subapical spot on the fore wmg dark fuscous, nervures and tegulae yeUow.
cJ similar, but more slender; anal segment, two spots on the 2nd ventral segment, and the posterior legs black.
Var. The head, except the black transverse band on the vertex, and the mesonotum light reddish.
Hab Throughout India generally; Burma and Tenasserira. 5 . Length 18-20 ; exp. 34-37 mm. 6 ■ Length 16-18 ; exp. 28-32 mm.
609. Eumenes gracilis, Sanss. Mon. Guep. Sol. p. 67, $ J. " Eumenes esuriens, Smith (nec Fabr.), Cat. v, p. 22, pt. P Closely alUed to and resembling E. esuriens, Fabr., but con- stantly more slightly built, with compai-atively a broader clypeus, a longer petiole, and darker wings. In colour it differs considerably, and is very constant to type. I have seen no specimens that could be said to form links between the two species. Black ; the clypeus and front up to the sinus of the eyes, a hne on the clieeks, the pronotum, a large spot on the mesopleurse, the postscutellum, the sides of the median segment posteriorly, a narrow sub- apical band on the petiole, and the posterior Fig. 97. margins of the 2nd and following abdominal
Etmenes gracilis, geo-ments broadly yellow ; the scutellum and tlie 2 ■ ^' remaining parts of the petiole and 2nd segment
red, the scutellum sometimes yellow ; a baud on the petiole and on the middle of the 2nd segment, with the bases of the remaiuing segments, black ; antenna and legs reddish, each of the former with a spot of l^lack at its apex.
cJ similar but slighter ; anal segment black. Hab. Egypt; Senegal (Sauss.); Sikhim ; Burma; Tenassenm. $ . Length 17-19 ; exp. 32-36 mm. d . Length 16-18 ; exp. 28-30 mm.
610. Eumenes conica. (PL II, fig. 9.)
Vespa conica, Fabr. Mant. Ins. i, p. 293 ; Fnt. Syst. ii, p. 278. Eumenes conica, Fabr. Si/st. Piez. p. 285 ; Sauss. Mon. Guep. Sol. p. 52, $ c? ; Smith, Cat. v, p. 22. ? . Head, above the antennas, and thorax closely and lightly
344^
BUMBNID^.
punctured; abdomen smooth and shining, with the surface mi- nutely aciculate; clypeus pyriform, its apex truncate, the space between tlio antennas raised and parting into two divergent carinas towards the ocelli ; pronotum transverse anteriorly ; median eeg- meut with a medial vertically-impressed line, widening at the apex of the segment into a deep hollow ; petiole subcylindrical, con- siderably thickened towards the apex ; 2nd segment of the abdomen constricted at base, and having a wide, somewhat deep channel on Its ventral side. Head yellow, the mandibles and antenna) reddish, a broad transverse baud across the apex between the tops of the eyes black ; thorax aud abdomen dark red, the legs paler (some- times yellowish) ; a medial longitudinal Hue on the mesonotum anteriorly, a transverse narrow line at its apex, the base of the 2nd abdominal segment, and a short transverse medially inter- rupted band on its middle above, black ; wing dark flavo- or fusco- hyahne, w'ith a slight purplish effulgence.
c? similar, but smaller and slighter ; the apex of the clypeus emarginate ; the scape of the antenna} in front yellow ; the cheeks black, with a narrow yellow hne next the outer orbits, the base in the middle above of abdominal segments 3-5 and the anal seguient black.
Hah. Thi'oughout the plains of India, Burma, and Ceylon, extending to China and the Malayan region. 5 . Lenyili 23-25 ; exjj. 40-44 mm. S ■ Length 18-20 ; exp. 38-40 mm.
E. saundersii, Nietn., from the brief notice given of it in the Trans. Ent. 8oc. 1834, pp. 60-62, I take to be the above species.
611. Eumenes elegans, Sauss. Mon. Guep. Sol. p. 58, $ ; Smith, Cat.
V, p. 25.
5 . Head and thorax thinly pubescent ; clypeus shining, ante- riorly emarginate. Ferruginous ; a band between the eyes on the vertex, the mesonotum, the base of the petiole, and a broad band on the 2nd abdominal segment black ; the posterior angles of the petiole and a band on the apical margin of the 2nd abbomiual segment yellow ; legs ferruginous; wings hyaline, ferruginous at their base, brownish fuscous with violet effulgence on their apical two-thirds.
Hcib. Djidda, Arabia ; India (Saiissure). 2 • Length 20 ; e.vjy. 38 mm. cJ unknown.
I have not seen this species in any Indian collection, nor is it in either of the two collections I have examined from Aden.
612. Eumenes edwardsii, Sauss. Mon. Guep. Sol. p. 60, 2 5 SmM,
Cat. Y, p. 22.
5 . The vertex of the head and the mesonotum rather closely, pronotum, scutellum, and postscutellum more sparsely pimctured ;
EUMENBS.
345
median segment and abdomen smooth, the former shghtly pubes- cent ; clypeus convex, about twice as loug as broad, anteriorly emar- ginate with a small tooth on each side ; vertex o£ head and front rather flat ; petiole of abdomen almost linear, without tubercles beneath. Ferru- ginous red ; the clypeus, mandibles, and labrum, a short line on the middle of the pronotum, a streak on each side on the middle of the petiole, two subapical spots on the same above, and a broad band on the posterior margin of the 2nd abdo- minal segment yellow ; the clypeus with sUvery pile ; the vertex of the head, the mesonotum, and the middle of the petiole above more or less black ; legs with a yellow streak on the tibise ; 3rd and following abdominal segments a brighter ferruginous red than the rest of the body ; mngs hyaline, hghtly ferrugiuous along the costal margin of the fore wing and with a very faint fuscous spot in the radial cell of the same.
cJ similar, the sinus of the eyes yellow, the mesonotum entirely black.
Hah. Bombay; North-West Provinces; Burma; Tenasserim, 2 . Length 16 ; exp. 25 mm. J . Length 16 ; exp. 26 mm.
Fig. 98. Ezimenes edwardsii, § .
613. Eumenes flavopicta, Blanch. Bid. Univ. Hist. Nat., Ins. Hym. pi. ii, fig. 2 ; Sauss. Mon. Guep. Sol. p. 65, $ ; Smith, Cat. v, p. 22.
2 . Head and thorax with large shallow, rather widely placed punctures, except on the disc of the mesonotum, where they are closer and deeper, with a tendency to run into longitudinal striae ; abdomen opaque, the surface finely aciculate; clypeus subpyri- forra, the apex widely truncate, raised at base and sides and then suddenly flattened and depressed ; petiole of abdomen long, gently broadening towards the apex, slightly vertically compressed along its length. Black, shining ; the head yellow with a black some- what cowl-shaped mark on the vertex, or in a common form black with the clypeus, the front, the sinus of the eyes, and a line behind them yellow ; thorax with the pronotum in front, the tegidse (except a spot in the middle, sometimes absent), a small spot before and behind each of them, two scythe-shaped marks back to back on the mesonotum, a transverse rectangular mark on the scutellum, a curved line on the postscutellum, the median segment, and the flanks yellovs?, the last with a broad oblique line, and the median segment with a medial vertical line broadening above, black ; legs yellow and black ; abdomen with two spots at the base, two lateral in the middle, and a subapical band on the petiole,
346
EUMENIDiB.
a broa.d bar with irregular margins at base of 2iid segment, another broad subapical bar on its posterior margin, and broad transverse medially interrupted subapical bauds on the remaining segments, yellow ; beneath the abdomen is blacic, the 2nd ventral segment with a yellow spot on each side ; wings dark flavo-hyaline, with a slightly fuscous tinge and purplish effulgence.
d similar, but slightei-, with comparatively a longer petiole. Hab. Sikhim ; Bengal ; Malabar ; Mysore ; Madras ; Ceylon ; Burma ; and Tenasserim. ? . Length 23-25 ; exp. 46-50 mm, cS . Length 19-22 ; ea;^3. 45-4d mm.
614. Eumenes arcuata.
Vespa arcuata, Fabi: Syst. Ent. p. 371 ; id. Ent. Syst. ii, p. 276. Eumenes arcuata, Fabr. Syst. Piez. p. 287 ; Sams. Mon. Guep. Sol. p. 63, ? ; Smith, Cat. y, p. 29.
5 . Vertex of the head and the thorax with fine but shallow punctures ; petiole and abdomen smooth, the surface finely acicu- late ; the clypeus pyriforra, the apex sharply truncate ; pronotum anteriorly transverse; the median segment with an impressed
medial vertical hne ; the petiole long, narrow, only slightly broadening towards the apex ; the base of the following abdominal segment con- stricted. Head and thorax black; the clypeus, the space between the antenn£e, a line behind the eyes, the pronotum in front, two curved spots and two parallel longitudinal lines on the disc of the mesonotum, a broad outer border to the tegulae, a ■picT, 99. spot on each side on the scutellum, a
Eume7ies arcicata, 2- +■ broad line on the posterior margin
of the postscutellum, and a broad oblique line on the flanks under the base of each wing yellow ; legs black, variegated with yellow ; median segment yellow, with a broad medial mark, in the shape of a Maltese cross, black ; abdomen black, two small lateral spots at the base of the petiole, and two about the middle, with a subapical band at the apex of the same above, two large pyriform spots near the base of the 2nd segment, and subapical bands on the posterior margins of the 2nd and following segments, yellow; these bands interrupted narrowly above and broadlv below ; the 2nd segment has also two minute lateral spots on the middle beneath ; wings very light brownish or fusco- hyaline.
c? similar, but smaller and slighter, with the anal segment entirely black. The depth of the yellow markings varies in different individuals.
Hab. Throughout India, Burma, and Ceylon, not extending up the Himalayas to any height, but spread generally through the
ETTMENES.
347
Indo-Malayan region as far as New Guinea 2 . Lenyih 24-20; e.vp. 49-52 mm, d . Length 19-21 ; exji. 36-3b mm.
615. Eumenes blanchardi, Smm. Mon. Guep. Sol. p. 66, $ ; Smith,
Cat. V, p. 22.
Q cT Closely allied to and resembling E. arcuata : differing cliiefly in the head and thorax being totally devoid of the yellow markings present in that species ; the clypeus is smaller, its apex an<^ularly emarginate, not truncate, and the petiole more bhtorm.
Bab. India, Pondichery {Saussure and Smith). ? . Lenijth 23-26 ; exp. 41-44 mm. d • Length 20-21 ; exj). 36 mm.
616. Eumenes curvata, Sauss. Mon. Guep. Sol. Suppl. p. 145, 5 ;
Smith, Cat. v. p. 25.
5 . Head and thorax with fine close but sballow punctures ; abdomen entirely impunctate, smooth and shining; clypeus oval, strongly convex, widely but only slightly emarginate anteriorly ; front between the antennai subtubercidate, with an impressed medial line from the anterior ocellus to the apex of the convexity ; median segment with a shallow impressed hne from base leading to a deep' triangular hollow at the apex; petiole long, filiform, with only an indication of the two tubercles in the middle below. Entirely of an intense black ; wings dark fuscous, with a beautiful rich purple effulgence.
d similar, smaller and shghter, the wings somewhat hghter in colour; in some specimens a broad line down the middle of the clypeus and a triangular spot above it are yellow.
Hab. Burma ; Tenasserim ; the Phihppines. $ . Length 24^26 ; exp. 48-52 mm. d . Length 20-21 ; exp. 40-45 mm.
617. Eumenes lenis, n. sp.
5 . Head, thorax, and petiole of abdomen finely and somewhat closely punctured ; 2nd and following segments of the abdomen smooth, highly pohshed, shining; clypeus scutiform, narrower above than below, the apex slightly emarginate, the sides oblique, the medial furrow on the slope of the median segment obscure, above distinct and widening into a triangular hollow at apex ; petiole of abdomen very long, about twice the length of the head and thorax united, fihform ; base of 2nd abdominal segment with a short petiole, the medial tubercles on the petiole beneath small, obscure ; legs very slender. Black, the clypeus and apex of the median segment with a thin, short, hoary pubescence ; the base of the clypeus, a spot above it between the bases of the antennae, a transverse spot above that, a line on the pronotum, a spot in front of and two spots behind the tegulaj, a spot at the lateral angles of the postscutellum, an elongate spot on each side at the apex of the median segment, the anterior and intermediate tibiae, and a narrow subapical line on the posterior margins of the petiole and 2nd segment of the abdomen, yellow ;
348
EUMBNID^.
tarsi rufo-fuscous ; wings fusco-hyaline, darkest along the costal margin o£ the fore wing.
Hah. Eangoon, Burma. $ . Lengili 12 ; exp. 19 mm. S un- known.
618. Eumenes exigua, Sauss. Mon. Quip. Sol. Suppl. p. 150, d ; Smith, Cat. Y, p. 22.
2 c? . Head, thorax, and the basal half of the petiole of the abdomen closely and finely punctui-ed ; rest of the abdomen smooth, inipuuctate, but not shining ; head remarkably orbicular ; clypeus nearly circular, slightly convex, its anterior margin not incised ; antennsB inserted low down just above base of clypeus ; prouotum transverse, slightly recurved along anterior margin and bearing a spine on the antei'ior lateral angles ; median segment much depressed, with a medial deep longitudinal furrow from base to apex ; petiole long, clavate, with a subapical constriction. Black ; the front, the emargination of the eyes, the clypeus, the pleurae, and sides and apex of the median segment with short sQvery pubescence ; the clypeus except a narrow margin anteriorly, a broad line on the pronotum, the margins of the tegulse, two spots on the apex of the scutellum, the anterior and intermediate tibiae and tarsi above, a spot at the base of each posterior tibia above, and narrow transverse bands on the margins of the petiole and of the 2nd abdominal segment, yellow; wings hyahue, shaded with fuscous.
Hab. India (Saussure and Smith); Burma; Tenasserim. Length 8 ; exjp. 14 mm. c? • Length 7 ; exj>. 13 mm.
Genus LABUS. Labus, Sauss. Novara-Reise, Hym. p. 3 (1867).
Type, L. spiniger, Sauss. Range. The Oriental region.
" Mandibles short truncate, apex dentate but not along the inner margin, folded horizontally close to the clypeus, forming a very
short beak. Maxillae subelougate ; palpi with 6 joints. Labium sub- elongate, palpi wdtb 4 joints. Pronotum small, wide, anteriorly angular and toothed, posteriorly narrowed and arched. Legs slender, tarsi elongate, 1st joint of the tarsi longest. Wings normal. Second cubital cell not petiolate, but angular towards the radial cell, Fig. 100. produced and truncate towards the
Lahus himibertiajius, 2 • t- jjase of the wing ; receiving both
recurrent nervures, the 1st re- current nervure continuous with the lower margin of the cell.
lABUS.— MONTEZUiirA.
349
Eadial cell wide, truncate or bluntly rounded at apex. Abdomen with a xevy long petiole, which is linear, only sHghtly dilated at the apex." {Sauss.)
619. Lal)iis humbertianus, Sauss. Novara-Beise, Hym. p. 4, 2d, pi. i, fig. 2 (wing).
5 . Head, pro- and mesonotum, scutellum, and basal half of the petiole of the abdomen above coarsely and closely, median segment and 2ud abdominal segment very sparsely and finely punctured, the 3rd and following segments of the abdomen smooth ; clypeus convex, bidentate anteriorly; median segment with a deep and broad sulcation, bidentate at apex. Black, with obscure silvery pile; the pronotum anteriorly, the lateral angles of the scutellum, and the apical margins of the petiole and of the 2nd abdominal segment, yellow; legs, the posterior tibisB at base yellow; wings fusco- hyaline, tegulse yellow, nerAwes black.
cJ similar; the scape of the autennsB in front and the middle of the clypeus yellow.
Var. 5 resembling the 6 in colouring, the tibiae of all the legs above yellow.
Hah. Ceylon; Burma; Tenasserim. $ S . Length 8-9: exp. mm.
Genus MONTEZTIMIA.
Eumenes, pt., Fabi: Syst. Piez. p. 288 (1804). Odynerus, pt., Spin. Ann. Snc. Ent. Fr. x, p. 127 (1841). Montezumia, Sauss. Mon. Guep. Sol. p. 87, pi. v, fig. 3 (1852).
Type, M. morosa, Sauss., and M. rufidentata, Sauss. Range. Neotropical and Oriental regions.
Head large, concave posteriorly; mandibles moderately long, narrow, the teeth on the inner margin rounded ; antennae inserted about the middle of the face ; clypeus broadly pyriform. Thorax not narrowed anteriorly, truncate, with the head closely approximate, oval poste- riorly, with a rounded steep slope ; legs stout, of moderate length. Wings long and broad ; radial cell in fore wing deep, the apex acute and on a level with the apex of the 3rd cubital cell; 1st cubital cell one-fourth as long again, measured on the cubital nervure, as the 2nd and 3rd united; 2nd strongly constricted at top, 3rd wider above than on the cubital nervure. Abdo- ,. men (in the Oriental species) petiolate, the
hirmanica, $ . f . petiole much broadened at the apex ; 2nd segment very large ; remaining segments much smaller, often withdrawn telescopically inside the 2nd.
350
BDMENIDjE.
Key to the Species.
a. Head, thorax, and abdomen black, immacu- late M. indica, p. 350.
6. Head, thorax, and abdomen black with yellow marlcings. a'. Markings few and slight ; wings dark. . , M. burmanica, p. 350. b'. Markings numerous and moderately
broad; wings light brownish hyaline. M. impavida, p. 351.
620. MontezTimia indica. (PI. II, fig. 10.)
Sauss. Mon. Guep. Sol. Suppl. p. 167, 5 > i^i ^0- 4 : Smith, Cat. V, p. 41.
5 . Head, thorax, and abdomen finely punctured ; the vertex and front with rather a coarse granular appearance, the thorax and abdomen more sparsely punctured than the head ; clypeus flat, anteriorly truncate, the margin transverse ; median segment rounded posteriorly, with a medial deep longitudinal groove, the apex emarginate on each side ; petiole of abdomen flat in the middle, coarsely longitudinally striate. Jet-black and shining; the clypeus in the middle, a line on the scape of the antennae in frout, the apex of the median segment on each side, and a spot on the apical joint of all the tarsi, orange ; wings deep fuscous brown, with a coppery and purple effulgence.
Hah. Sikhim (rare) ; Java, $ . Length 23-25; exp. 50-54 mm.
621. Montezumia 'burmanica, n. sp.
$ . Olosely allied to and resembling M. indica, Saussure, but smaller, different in sculpture, and with a few sHght yellow markings. Head, thorax, and abdomen punctured, the punctures on the head finer and closer than on the thorax, those on the abdomen widely spaced and confined to the basal two segments and apical margins of the 3rd and 4th, the bases of these two segments and the 5th and 6th smooth ; clypeus large, convex, the apex depressed and emarginate; the front between the antennae subtuberculate ; scutellum large, with a broad, smooth, shining, medial longitudinal carina; median segment finely rugose, the sides obliquely truncate, smooth, with a few indistinct oblique stris, a wide, deep, medial longitudinal furrow runs from base to apex of the segment • petiole with an obtuse tubercle on each side beneath close to the middle, and a medial longitudinal furrow on the apical half above. Jet-black; a minute spot between the bases of the antenna, another behind the eyes, an abbreviated narrow line on the posterior margin of the pronotum in the middle, and a trans- verse narrow line on the posterior margin of the basal two abdominal segments, yellow; the line on the basal segment inter- rupted in the middle, that on the 2nd segment interrupted broadly on each side ; legs black, a yellow line on the anterior tibia above, and the knees and apical joint of the tarsus obscurely fulvous red; wings fuscous with a purple effulgence, the posterior wing hyalme at base.
MONTEZUMIA.— EHYNCHIUM. 351
similar but smaller; a triangular spot at the base of the clypeus, another above it, and a minute spot in the emargination of the eVes yellow ; the yellow markings on the anterior tibi£B and on the abdomen absent. , r i o
Hab. Tenasserim. ? Lengtli 16; exjp. 30 mm. 6 Lencjtli 12;
exp. 24 mm.
622. Montezumia impavida, n. sp.
Q Head thorax, and abdomen punctured, the punctures fine, sparse and shallow on the head and thorax, somewhat denser and deeper on the abdomen ; clypeus broadly pyriform, convex, flat m the middle, the apex lightly emarginate ; mesonotum with a longi- tudinally-impressed line on the disc; median segment divided down the middle by a broad furrow ; petiole of abdomen with a medial shallow furrow on its apical half. Black, shming ; a spot at the base of the mandibles, the clypeus, a wedge-shaped spot above it, the scape of the antenna in front, a line on the inner orbits entering the emargination of the eyes and running to the vertex a broad hue behind the eyes not reaching the vertex, the sides 'of the pronotum broadly but not reachmg the posterior angles, a spot at the base of the mesopleurae the tegulae, a spot in front and another behind them, two parallel longitudinal lines oil the mesonotum, the lateral angles of the scutellum, a hue on the postscutellum, the apical half of the median segment, a trans- verse band on the apical margin of the petiole, a much broader band, deeply emarginate in the middle anterior y, on the 2nd addominal segment, a narrow band on the apical margin ot the 8rd segment, this band with a small incision anteriorly on each side, and a square mark in the middle of the apical margins of the 4th and 5th segments, yellow ; legs black, variegated with reddish yellow • wings brownish hyaline, darker along the costal margin ; nervnres dark brown, teguls with a spot of black m the middle.
Eah. Burma (Pegu HUls) ; Tenasserim. ?. Leiujth 14; exp. 27 mm.
Genus EHYNCHIUM.
Vespn, pt., Fahr. Ent. Si/st. ii, p. 2(55 (1793). Polistes, pt., labr. Sj/d. Piez. p. 273 (1804). Rygchium, Spinola, Ins. Liff. i, p. 84 (] 806). Orlvnerus, pt., GuSr. Voy. Belanger, Zool. p. 503 (1834). Rhynchium, Sausit. Man. Guep. Sol. Suppl. p. 170 (1854).
Type, -K. oculatum, Pabr, Range. Both hemispheres.
Head variable, generally as broad as the thorax ; eyes reniform, the inner orbits being deeply emarginate ; clypeus pyriform, longer than broad : mandibles long, somewhat narrow, inner margin oblique, with blunt teeth ; labial palpi thick, of four ioints,_ the apical ioint very small ; maxillary palpi of six joints, basal joint somev\hat thick', the rest slender, basal three subequal, apical three
352-
Pig. 102.
Ehynchium fimmlineatum, 5- t- 1, maudible ; 2, maxilla ; 3, claw.
united about equal in length to the third joint ; antennas filifprin ; ocelH three, complete, round, placed in a broad triangle on the vertex'.
Thorax ovate ; prouotum abort in front, the lateral angles carried pos- teriorly to the base of the wings ; mesonotura large, generally broadly egg-shaped, posteriorly broader than in front ; postscutellum promi- nent as a rule ; median segment vertical, depressed beneath the postscutellum, the sides bulging, often produced posteriorly and dentate, the apex of the segment generally concavo-truncate ; legs slender, short, the intermediate tibiae with one apical spine, the claws unidentate beneath. Wings long, broad, and ample ; fore wing with the radial cell moderately large, slightly appendiculate ; three cubital cells, the 1st, measured on the cubital nervure, as long as or longer than the 2nd and 3rd united, the 2nd irregularly trian- gular, with the apex of the triangle truncate, receiving the 1st recurrent nervure before and the 2nd recurrent nervure after the middle ; 3rd cubital cell quadrate. Abdomen pseudosessile, never petiolate ; basal segment cup-shaped, or only slightly constricted and narrowed.
The species of this genus are solitary or in pairs, never in social communities. The Indian species come freely into houses, building little round shells of clay for nests, and provisionkig these with caterpillars. Occasionally an already existing cavity is made use of, and the aperture closed with a clay lid.
Key to ilie Species.
A. Basal segment of abdnmen slightly constricted,
• the apex distinctly, narrower than the base of the 2nd segment.
a. Clypeus nearly as broad at apex as at base,
not marked with yellow. a'. Legs black, intermediate and posterior
femora blood-red ; wings hyaline at base. b' . Legs orange-brown, femora concolorous ;
wings not hyaline at base R. moUeri, p. 354
b. Clypeus much narrower at apex than at base,
marked with yellow (5) R. cupreipmiu,
B. Basal segment of abdomen cup-shaped, not
constricted nor distinctly narrower than the base of the 2nd segment. a. Wings deep ferruginous yellow.
a'. Wings fuscous brown for one-third or
more of their length from base ; basal
segment of abdomen entirely black.
R. erythropus, p. 353.
[p. 354.
EHTNCIilUM. 353
a'. Second and following segments of abdo- men bi-oadly bordered posteriorly with [p. 354.
reddish brown E. JicBmorrhoidale,
6^ Second and following segments of abdo- men entirely black H, alnim, p. 355.
b'. Wings only sliglitly fuscous at base ; basal segment of abdomen entirely reddish brown or black at base, broadly bordered
with reddish brown ^. hrunneum, p. 355.
b. Win^s fuscous or fusco-hyaline.
a'. "V\ ings entirely deep fuscous brown with a purple effulgence ; abdomen without yellow transverse bands, a*. Abdomen dull orange-brown.
a^. Basal abdominal segment black .... R. meMyi, p. 356. b^. Basal abdominal segment orange- ' brown, with a transverse black mar-
ginal band ij. abdominale, p. 357.
b- Abdomen entirely black R. argentatum,
c . Abdomen black, sides of segments 3-5 ' fp 353
TTT.™^''^'^ ^'^^ orange-red R. hengalmse, p. 359.
6 . Wings fuscous along the costal maro-in of fore wing, hyaline or fusco-hvaliue pos- teriorly ; abdomen black. a^. Median segment with the sides produced
posteriorly, angular and dentate JR. nitidulum, p. 357.
6 . Median segment with the sides rounded
posteriorly, not angular R. rmtallicum,^.Z5B.
c'. Wmgs fusco-hyahne ; abdomen black with transverse yellow bands : J only known, a*. Clypeus black ; basal two aljdominal
segments with narrow yellow me- U 3.59
dially inteiTupted bands . . JR-Javomarffinatum,'
b. Llypeus yellow; abdommal segments
1-5 with broader yellow bands not Tr, 300
mediaUy interrupted It.Jlavolineatum, '
623. Ehjmchium erythropus, n. sp.
2 . Head, thorax, and abdomen shining, very closely, evenly and somewhat coarsely punctured, the bases (ordinarily not seen) of the 2nd and following segments of the abdomen broadly smooth • clypeus shield-shaped, raised, broadly flat down the middle' broadly truncate and slightly emarginate anteriorly : a very short tndent-shaped carina between the antennaj ; abdomen with the basal segment distinctly narrower than the 2nd. Intense black two small spots immediately above the base of the auteniia3 a Une' on the outer side of the scape of the latter, and the apical ioint of the fore tarsi above, yeUow ; the intermediate and posterior femora blood-red ; the sides and the truncated apex of the median segment wi h a httle thin short hoary pubescence: wings fusco-hjaline wit^ a rich purple effulgence, the base clear hyaline.
Br£h M^r™- * • T-^P^ - 'J^e
VOL. I.
2a
354
624. Rhynchium moUeri, n. sp. (PI. II, fig. 11.)
5 . Head, thorax, and abdomen densely punctured, the punc- tures shallow and not so well marked at the bases of the abdominal segments, which when drawn out have the extreme base smooth ; clypeus slightly raised, broad, wedge-shaped, the apex transverse, slightly and widely emarginate ; autennal carina short, very tine and narrow ; postscutellum not very prominent ; median segment depressed beneath it, vei'tical, concave-truncate posteriorly, with a medial vertical carina and faint oblique striae on the face of the truncation, the sides not angularly produced back ; abdomen with the basal segment distinctly narrower than the 2ud, its apical margin slightly constricted. Head black, the clypeus fulvous red, two spots between the antenna3 yellow, the antennse and the greater part of the thorax and median segment brownish red ; the mesonotum anteriorly, a broad irregular U-shaped mark on its disc, the sutures between the scutellum, the postscutellum, and median segment, with the sides of the thorax, except the tubercles, black ; legs red ; wings light cupreous brown and iridescent.
Hah. Sikhim. ?. Leiigih 14-16; exp. 30-33 mm. S un- known. Type in coll. British Museum.
625. RhyncMum cupreipenne, Bingh. Jour. Bomb. N. H. Soc. viii,
p. 387, $,pl. i, tig. 3. $ . Head, thorax, and abdomen coarsely and very closely punc- tured, the punctures with a tendency to run into stria on the thorax ; clypeus pyriform, truncate anteriorly, with two minute teeth ; 'postscutellum prominent ; median segment depressed verti- cally under the postscutellum, concavo-truncate, the sides produced and sharply angular, the truncation with a medial vertical carina aud fine oblique strise ; abdomen with the basal segment narrower than the 2ud, the latter both long and broad, the posterior margins of all the segments narrowly smooth. Black ; the clypeus, except a black mark in the middle, a large round spot above it on the front, the antenna;, a broad stripe behind the eyes, the apex of the anterior femora, the tibiae and tarsi, the inner side of the intermediate and posterior femora, and the last joints of the tarsi orange-yellow ; the inside of the tibias and tarsi of the posterior legs clothed with rich golden pubescence ; wings cupreous brown with bright iridescent tints in certain lights, nervures and tegulae
black. ^ , ^ , ^ ,
Eab. Tavoy, South Tenasserim. ? . LengtJi 14 ; exj?. 34 mm. c? unknown. Type in coll. British Museum.
626. RhyncMum hsemorrhoidale.
Vespa hffimorrhoidalis, Fabr. Si/st. Ent. p. -366.
Odynerus dimidiatus, Guer. Voy. Bilanger, Zool. p. o03. Atlas,
i7js. pi. iv, fig. 4. ^ , cr 1 Tnn
Eyo-chium hffimorrhoidale, Sauss. Mon. GuSp. Sol. p. lOU. Rvschium pareutissimum, Smm. Mon. Gucp. Sol.j. 111. Rb^icbium hiBmorrhoidale, Sauss. Mon. Gucp. Sol. Suppl. p. 1/^;
Smith, Cat. v, p. 44.
nHTNOHlUir.
355
$ . Head and thorax very finely and closely punctured, abdomen more coarsely punctured, especially along the posterior portions of the segments ; clypeus raised, somewhat flat above, pyriform, ending anteriorly in a narrow point, which is lightly emarginate ; postscutellum prominent, projecting posteriorly ; median segment depressed vertically beneath the postscutellum, concavo-truncate posteriorly, the sides bulging and angularly produced, the punctures on them running into transverse strijB, the truncation finely, transversely striate ; abdomen with the basal segment not narrowed. Black ; the clypeus, the front except a black triangular mark, the prothorax, the tegulae, and the posterior margins narrowly of the 1st and more broadly of the 2nd and following abdominal segment deep brownish red ; antennae and legs black, sometimes more or less brownish red ; wings deep yellow, brownish fuscous for nearly half their length from base.
similar, but the clypeus and a transverse spot above it yellow, the antennae and anterior tibiae and tarsi fulvous or orange-red.
The above are the common forms, but the amount of red and black varies greatly in specimens from different localities.
Hah. Barrackpore, Bengal ; Madras ; Bangalore ; Ceylon ; Burma ; Tenasserim ; Java ; Cape of Good Hope (Smith). $ . Length 16-18 ; e.rp. 40-44 mm. 6 . Length 12-14 ; exj). 28- 31 mm.
627. EhyncMum atrum.
Rygchium atrum, Sauss. Mon. Guep. Sot. p. 109, J (5*. Rhynchium atrum, Smith, Cat. v, p. 44.
2 . Closely resembles some varieties of R. hcemorrhoidale, but is always darker, and the posterior margin of the mesonotum and the scutellum are always impunctate and highly polished ; the clypeus is grooved longitudinally near the apex, and the wings are sometimes slightly infuscated at apex and not at all at base. Some varieties have the clypeus, a spot between the antennie, and the occiput and cheeks brownish red, others are entii-ely black.
cJ has the clypeus yellow.
Ilab. India (Saitssure and Smith) ; South Tenasserim, extending into the Malayan region as far south as New Guinea. $ . Length 18-20 ; exj>. 36-42 mm. d . Length 17 ; exp. 30 mm.
628. RhyncMum brunneum.
? Vespa quinqueoincta, Fabr. Ent. Syst. ii^ p. 261.
Vespa brunnea, Fabr. Ent. Syat. ii, p. 264.
Vespa carnatica, Fabr. Ent. Syst. Siippl. p. 261.
Rygchium bruuneum et carnaticum, Sauas. Mon. Guep. Sol. p. 112
Rhynchium brunneum et carnaticum, Smith, Cat. v, pi. 44.
2 . Head, thorax, and abdomen rather finely and sparsely punctured, the punctures shallow on the bases of the abdominal
2a2
35fi EUMENID^.
segments, coarse and somewhat more dense on the apical margins of segments 2-5 above ; clypeus strongly convex, pyriform, the apical third with a broad medial vertical groove, the extreme apex truncate or lightly incised ; the scutellum and postscutellum smooth and shining, the latter gibbous, oblique and narrow ; the median segment very short, depressed below the postscutellum, concavo- truncate posteriorly, the sides rounded, not angularly produced back, face of the truncation lightly transversely striate. Brownish red ; a inq_7?/ ^P°*^ between the antennae, a vertical line on Sim itJX the front, a large triangular spot on the me,so- 2. |. notum in front, a line along its apex, tne
median segment in the middle posteriorly, the basal half of the legs, the basal two-thirds of the 1st, and the basal half of the 2nd abdominal segment black; wings ferrugineo- hyaline, deeper and darker towards the base.
c? similar, the median segment more deeply concavo-truncate, the sides produced posteriorly and armed with two stout spines, the apical margins of abdominal segments 2-5 much more coarsely punctured, the clypeus and scape in front from a light fulvous red to a bright yellow.
Varieties have the black markings more or less developed, or even altogether wanting (var. carnaticum).
Hah. Throughout India, Burma, Tenasserim, and Ceylon, ex- tending to Malacca, Sumatra, and Borneo to the South-east, and to Afghanistan and Persia to the North-west. $ . Length 17-20 ; exp. 37-41 mm. d . Length 12-15 ; eccp. 26-28 mm.
629. Rhynchium mellyi.
Eygchium mellyi, Saim. Mon. Guep. Sol. p. 116, 2 . Ehynchium mellyi, Sauss. Mon. Guep. Sol. Suppl. p. 172, d ; Smith, Cat. v, p. 45.
' 5 . Head and thorax closely and strongly, abdomen more finely and sparsely punctured, the punctures on the abdomen shallow ; clypeus broadly pyriform, the apex with a short medial groove and two teeth"; postscutellum prominent, projecting posteriorly, with the margin roughened and irregular ; median segment A'ertical, concavo-truncate posteriorly, the truncation with a medial vertical gi-oove impunctate but finely obliquely striate ; abdomen with the basal segment not narrowed. Black ; a spot between the antennae and a line on the scape in front yellow, the apex of the Aagellum beneath and the apical joints of all the tarsi fulvous red ; the 2nd and following segments of the abdomen obscure orange-red, some- times the apical margin of the 1st segment narrowly orange-red, or the base of the 2nd segment black ; wings fuscous vnth a purple
d'^si'mUar ; the clypeus and the front half of the scape of the
EHTNCniUM.
357
antennro bright j'ellow ; the legs somewhat lighter in colour ; tlie abdoinen in some specimens with a band of dusky stains down the middle of the 2nd and following segments.
Hah. Allahabad ; Barraekpore ; Pegu Hills, Burma ; China. $. Lemjth 17-19; exp. 37-40 mm. 6- Length 14-16; exp. 34 mm.
630. Rhynclimiii abdominale.
Vespa abdominalis, Illir/. Mag. Ins. i, p. 193.
Vespa transversa, Fabr. Si/st. Piez. p. 257.
Rygchiiiiu dichotomum, Sauss. Mon. Guep. Sol. p. 116, $ J.
Rygchiura transversuni, Sauss. Mon. Guep. Sol. p. 117, $ .
Rhynchium abdomioale, Saios.i. Mon. Guep. Sol. Suppl. p. 172.
Rhynckium dichotoum, Smith, Cat. v, p. 45.
$ . Head and thorax densely punctured, granular ; abdomen opaque, im punctate except for an irregular subapical band of coarse punctures on the posterior margins above of the 2nd-5th segments; clypeus convex, very broadly pyriform, the apex with two short acute teeth ; postscutellum and median segment poste- riorly truncate, the latter vertical, the sides bulging, the lateral lower angles dentate posteriorly ; the basal segment of the abdo- men cup-shaped, not narrowed. Head and thorax black ; abdomen a dull orange-red, the basal segment with a transverse black apical band above, the 2nd segment with or without a transverse black spot in the middle of its apical margin above ; wings dark fuscous with a purple effulgence.
cJ similar, smaller ; the clypeus and sometimes a line on the front of the scape of the antennae yellow ; all the segments of the abdomen more or less dull black in the middle of their apical margins.
Ilab. Throughout India, not ascending the hills to ;iny elevafion ; Pegu, Burma. $ . Length 15-17 ; exp. 33-37 mm. c? • Length 12-14; exj>. 29 mm.
631. RhyncMum nitidulum.
Vespa nitidula, Fabr. Ent. Syst. Suppl. p. 262. Rygchium nitidulum, Sauss. Mon. Guep. Sol. p. 105, 2 J. Rhyncbium nitidulum, Smith, Cat. v, p. 4.3.
2 . Head and thoi'ax very coarsely and closely punctured ; abdomen smooth and satiny, with a few scattered shallow punc- tures and a subapical transverse hne of the same, but somewhat coarser on the 2nd and 3rd segments ; beyond the row of punctures the apical margins of the segments are depressed, smooth and shining; clypeus pyriform, the apex angularly incised, the sides on either side of the apex oblique and emarginate ; scutellum and postscutellum gibbous ; median segment strongly ridged along the sides ; the sides flat, obliquely finely striate : the posterior face of the segment strongly concavo-truncate, with the sides produced back and spined. Black, somewhat thicldy covered with silvery pile, which is very dense on the clypeus, the face in front, the
358
EUMEN1D3;.
sides of the thorax, and on the ahdomen ; wings deep fuscous, with a purple effulgence broadly along the costal margin of the fore wing, the rest fusco-hyaline.
cJ similar, the base of the clypeus yellow.
Hob. Barrackpore, Bengal ; Burma. $ . Lewjtli 13-14 ; exf. 27-29 mm. S . Length I'd \ exp.^T mm.
632. EhyncMum metallicum.
liygchium metallicura, Saxtss. Mon. Guep. Sol. p. 114, 5 <S • Rhyuchium metallicum, Smith, Cat. v, p. 45.
2 . Head and thorax coarsely and closely punctured ; aMomen satiny, smooth, and with sparse, fine shallow punctui^es ; clypeus
broadly pyriform, the apex truncate and slightly emarginate ; scutellum and postscutellum slightly sloped, not oblique, the latter not gibbous ; median segment short, concavely truncate posteriorly, the sides not produced, rounded. Black, covered with more or less of a thin silvery
EhynchinmLalliin^^,^. pile, especially on clypeus, the
front, cheeks, sides or the thorax, the median segment, the legs, and the sides of the abdomen ; wings fusco-hyaline, broadly dark fuscous with purplish effulgence along the costal margin of the fore wing.
cJ similar, but wdth two oblique yellow spots sometimes joining and forming a band along the base of the clypeus.
Eab. Barrackpore; Eangit Valley, Sikhim ; Calcutta; Madras; Pegu Hills, Burma ; Tenasserim. ? . Length 12-13 ; ex^}. 25- 26 mm. d • Length 10-11 ; exp. 25 mm.
633. Rhyuchium argentatum *.
Yespa argentata, -Frt6r. -S^st Pi'ez. p. 260.
Rygchium argentatum, Sauss. Mon. Ghiep. Sol. p. 115, 5 cJ.
Ehynchium argentatum. Smith, Cat. v, p. 45. ■ 5 cJ • Closely allied to and resembling B. metallicum, but con- stantly larger, the median segment slightly more rounded poste- riorly the silvery pile entirely absent, and the wings dark fuscous with a purple effulgence, not fusco-hyaline on the posterior half. In the 6 the entire clypeus and the scape in front is yellow.
ffab. Sikliim ; Malabar ; Shevaroy Hills, Madi-as. $ . Length 14-15 ; e.vp. 28-32 mm. d slightly smaller.
* The following species is described by Saussure from " Tranquebar;' bnt has not, so far as I know, been procured of late years, and it may not be
^'^Il'^CAnBONAitiuM, Savss. Arm. Soc. Ent. Fr. 1857, p. 317.
"Sat narvum nigrum, depressum, ubique dense punctatum, clypeo truncate, nostscutello baud erenato, metanoto valde bispinoso, supra cantbis nulhs, abdomen conicum, basi valde truncatum, sutura indistmcta. ala: mgro-violaceai.
"Longueur totale 13 mm., aile 10 mm."
EHITTCHITIM.
359
634. Ehynchium 'beiigalense, Sauss. Mon. Guep. Sol Su2>pl. p. 176,
pi. is, lig. 8, 6; Smith, Cat. v, p. 44.
2. Head and thorax finely and closely punctured, abdomen smooth and satiny; clypeus strongly convex, broadly pyriform, with two short parallel carinas on the anterior third, ending in tw o teeth at the apex ; scutellum and postscutellum oblique, the former with a longitudinally impressed medial smooth line, the latter gibbous ; median segment concavo-truncate posteriorly, a medial broad space, closely transversely striate, and divided by a narrow vertical furrow. Jet-black ; the apical margins laterally of the 2nd-5th abdominal segments orange, on the 2nd segment the orange colour is continued along the sides of the dorsal plate forward ; wings dark fuscous with a violet effulgence.
cJ similar, but the clypeus not carinate anteriorly, the apex emarginate \ the clypeus and front of the scape of the antennae yellowish white ; the apical joint of the flagellum ferruginous.
Var. The orange markings on the 4th and 5th abdominal segments more or less obsolete.
Hah. Barrackpore, Bengal; Allahahad, N.W.P., and probably through Central India. $ . Length 15-17 ; exp. 34-36 mm. S • Length 12-14 ; exp. 32-33 mm.
635. Ehynchiuin flavomarginatum, Smith, Trans. Ent. Soc. 1852,
p. 35, cJ ; Sauss. Mon. Guep. Sol. Suppl. p. 177. Odynerus nigTifrons, Smith, Cat. v, p. 62.
Rhynchiura basimacula, Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. xli (1897). 2 . Head and thorax somewhat coarsely and very closely, abdomen more finely and sparsely punctured, the punctures on the 2nd-5th segments coai'ser posteriorly, form- ing a distinct subapical band above; clypeus broadly pyriform, the apex with a medial ver- tical short groove and ending in two prominent teeth; antennal carina short but distinct ; post- scutellum gibbous, projecting posteriorly, the margin roughened; median segment vertical, concavo-truncate posteriorly ; abdomen with the basal segment not narrowed. Black; a spot Tnarginatum 2 \- '^^'''^^'^^n the antennaa, a line on the front of the scape, an interrupted Hne (sometimes absent) on the pronotum, a spot on each side of the median segment poste- riorly (absent in the type specimen), and a broadly interrupted narrow subapical line on the posterior margins of the 1st and 2nd abdominal segments above yellow or yellowish white ; the apical joint of the anterior tarsi fulvous, the femora at apex more or less ferruginous ; wings fusco-hyaline, beautifully iridescent in certain lights.
<S similar, the greater part of the clypeus and a line on the anterior tibiaj above yellowish white.
Hah. Sikhim ; Mussooree, N.W. Himalayas ; China. 2 • Length 13-17; exp. 34-40 mm. c? . Length 13- i4; exp. 33-36 mm.
360
ETJMEKIDiB.
636. Ehynchium flavolineatum.
Odynerua flavolinentus, Smith, Cat. v, p. 60, 5 .
? . Head, thorax, and abdomen closely punctured, the punctures on the pro- and mesonotum fine and dense, giving them a granular appearance, on the posterior margins of the segments they are somewhat coarser ; clypeus convex, broadly pyriform, nearly penta- gonal, the apex slightly emarginate; postscutellum and median segment roundly truncate posteriorly, the latter depressed vertically beneath the former, the sides bulging laterally and minutelv dentate, the truncation with a carina down the middle and faint transverse strife ; abdomen with the basal segment cup-shaped, not narrovyed. Black; the clypeus, a spot above it and one in the emargination of the eyes, a Une behind them, the scape in front, the pronotum anteriorly, the tubercles, a spot on the mesopleurfe, the tegula3 and a spot behind them, two abbreviated hues on the mesonotum posteriorly, the postscutellum, a large subovate spot on the sides of the median segment, a spot on the intermediate and posterior coxsb, a broad stripe on the anterior and intermediate femora in front, the tibife on the outside, the claw-joint of the anterior tarsi, and the posterior margins of the lst-5th addominal segments, yellow ; wings fusco-hyahne, the costal margin of the fore wing dark fuscous.
Var. The abbreviated lines on the mesonotum and the spots on the intermediate and posterior coxse absent.
Eah. Eangit Valley, Sikhim ; Tenasserim ; Java. 5 . Length 13-15 ; exp. 30-34 mm. cT unknown.
Genus ODYNERITS.
Vespa, pt., Linn. Syst. Nat. i, p. 948 (1767). Epipona, Latr. Hist. Nat. Ins. xiii, p. 349 (1805). Odynerus, Latr. Hist. Nat. Ins. xiii, p. 344 (1805). Symmorphus, Wesm. Mon. Odyn. Belg. p. iii (1833). Ancistrocerus, Wesm. t. c. p. iv (1833). Oplopus, Wesm. t. c. p. iv (1833).
106. — Odynerus diffinis, 5-4. 1, hind leg ; 2, maxilJa ; 3, claw.
Type, 0. parietum. Linn. Range. All parts of the world.
Head very variable, generally more or less flat in front ; the
ODTSTEEUS.
361
parts also variable : the antermoe in the majority oE species rather short filiform, the apical joincs in the male with a small hook, or spirally rolled ; maudibles blunt with blunt teeth, never long as in Eumenes ; labial palpi stout, 4-iointed, and covered with stiff hairs ; maxillary palpi (i-jointed, diminishing in length to the apical joint, which, however, is sometimes longer than the 5th joint, the apical three joints united, distinctly longer than the 3rd. Thorax rounded or truncate both anteriorly and posteriorly, in a few species emarginate posteriorly ; legs short, somewhat feeble and slender, intermediate tibite with one apical spine ; claws dentate. Wino-s : in the fore wing the form and proportions of the radial and cubital cells are variable ; in general, however, the radial cell is widely subtriangular, the apex acute, or slightly truncate and appendiculate ; three cubital cells, the 2nd receiving both recur- rent nervures. Abdomen of variable shape, the basal segment often narrowed, but never fashioned into a long petiole as in Eumenes, always more or less covering over the base of the 2nd segment.
The genera BhyncUum and Odynents are only clearly separable by an examination of the mouth-parts, as noted in the key to the genera. Externally the two genera resemble each other and grade one into the other astonishingly. Eoughly, however, the species of Mynchium are larger, heavier built insects than the species of Odynerus. Both genera can at once be distinguished from Eumenes by the form of the basal abdominal segment, which is never narrowed into an elongate petiole, but, though often constricted and narrower than the 2nd segment, always receives and more or less covers over the base of the latter.
The species of Odyneri make sometimes little thin clay shells for nests, but more often make use of crevices and holes for their nurseries, storing as food for their larvae the caterpillars of various species of small moths, I have never found them attacking or storing spiders or other prey.
Key to the Species.
A. First abdominal segment with one, some-
times two transverse sutures near the base.
a. Colours black and red O. sikhimensis, p. 363.
b. Colours black and yellowish white O. sicheln, p. 363.
e. Colom-s yellow and ferruginous brown O. amadanemis,^.^^^.
B. First abdominal segment without a suture. a. Colours reddish or ferruginous and yellow.
a'. Margins of all the abdominal segments
more or less yellowish O. ornatus, p. 364.
b' . Second to fourth abdominal segments [p- 365.
yellow 0. punctatipennis,
c'. Second abdominal segment only yellow,
rest reddish brown 0. punctum, p. 365.
b. Colours black and yellow, or black and yellow and red.
362^
EtTMENIDy-E.
b'
, Second abdotninal segment with a lateral
free round s])ot at base, yeUow. a^. Base of Ist abdominal segment red.
a^. Abdomen petiolate O. mmiaius, p. 366.
b^. Abdomen not petiolate 0. diffinis, p. 366.
b-. Base of 1st abdominal segment black, a^. A lateral round yellow spot at base of Ist abdominal segment. Median segment rounded pos- teriorly 0. //•«*£!»•«!<«, p. 366.
b^. Median segment emarginate pos- teriorly 0. conjluentm, p. 367.
b^. No lateral yellow spot at base of 1st segment, o*. First abdominal segment much
narrowed, subpetiolate O.froffilisj'p. B67.
6'. First abdominal segment not nar- rowed, broader than long. Apical margins of abdominal segments 1-5 with complete transverse yellow bands
above 0. multipictm, p. 308.
b°. Apical margins of 1st and 2nd abdominal segments only with complete transverse yellow bands above. a°. Head, thorax, and basal three segments of the abdomen
coarsely punctured 0. ceylonims, p. 368.
6°. Head, thorax, and abdomen
with much finer punctures. 0. bipustulatus, . Second abdominal segment with the [p. 369.
yellow transverse band at its apical margin widening laterally and joining on to the lateral yellow spot at its base.
a'. Head emarginate posteriorly, cheeks
not much developed O. ovalis, p. 369.
6^. Head transverse posteriorly, cheeks
considerably developed O. guttatus, p. 370.
, Second abdominal segment without a yellow lateral spot.
a^. Median segment deeply emarginate posteriorly, the sides produced back- wards O.Jistulosus, p. 370.
S^. Median segment not emarginate pos- teriorly.
a'. Second abdominal segment subtu- berculate near the base, and on each side near the margin above . O. humbertianus, b^. Second abdominal segment not tu- [p. 371.
berculate above, a*. Third abdominal segment with a transverse yellow fascia on the middle of its posterior margin
above 0. burnianicus, p. 371.
ODTIfEBTrS.
383
J-". Third abdominal segment witliout any yellow border, a'. First abdominal segment petio- _ _
late 0. icanoidefi, "p. 01 ■i-
h\ First abdominal segment not
petiolate. . .
a". Wings blackish 0.tinctipennts,-Q..i(^.
b^. Wings cinereous 0. intendens, p. 373.
637. Odynerns sikhimensis, n. sp. (PI. 11, fig. 12.)
$ . Head, thorax, and abdomen punctured and thinly pubescent, the punctures rather coarse and closely set on the head and thorax, more sparse and shallow on the abdomen ; clypeus very convex and broadly pyriform, the apex emarginate; the post- scutellum transverse posteriorly, not projecting, the median seg- ment depressed vertically below it and slightly concavo-truncate, the angle between the sides and the truncation with a vertical carina ; basal segment of abdomeu only very slightly narrowed, steeply sloped or truncate anteriorly. Black, the pubescence fuscous ; a line on the pronotum, the tubercles, the apical margin of the 1st abdominal segment above and of the 2nd above and below deep brick-red ; wings very long and ample, light fuscous ■with a purple effulgence, the base of the hind wing hyaline.
Hub. Eangit Valley, Sikhim, 1000 ft. ? . Length 9-11 ; exp. 28 mm. tS unknown. Type in the coll. British Museum.
638. Od3raerTis sichelii, Sauss. Mon. Guep. Sol. Suppl. p. 206, $,
pi. X, fig. b ; Smith, Cat. v, p. 68.
5 . Head and abdomen finely and rather sparsely punctured, the head pilose in front, the vertex smooth, the punctures shallow; thorax much more closely and strongly punctured, granular ; clypeus veiy broadly pyriform, the apex with two distinct short longitudinal carincC, forming slightly projecting teeth ; scutellum and postscutellum long, declivous ; median segment long, truncate posteriorly ; 1st abdominal segment compressed, narrowed, cam- panulate, bearing two transverse distinct sutures close to its base above, 2nd segment long, raised, and subtuberculate in the middle at base above. Black, shining ; a curved line on the clypeus at base, a spot between the antennae, a line on the scape of the same, a minute spot, sometimes absent, behind the eyes, a transverse band on the apical margin of the 1st abdominal segment above, and a slightly broader one on the apical margin of the 2nd above and below, white ; legs black, with a few white marks ; wings clear hyaline.
Hab. Sikhim ; Barrackpore ; Mussooree ; Burma ; Tenasserim. 5 . Length 8 ; exj). 16 mm. I have not seen a specimen of the male.
364
EUMBNIDiE.
639. Odynerus amadanensis, Sauss. Man. GuSp. Sol. Suppl. p. 214, pi. xii, fig-. 9, (5 .
2 6 . Closely allied to and resembling 0. ovalis (p. 369) ; differs primarily in belonging to the subgenus Ancistrocerus, AVesm.,with a transverse suture on the basal abdominal segment, not Lio- notus, Sauss., which has the 1st abdominal segment rounded and steep at base ; it differs also considerably in markings. Head, thorax, and abdomen closely and somewhat coarsely punctured, on the abdomen, except along the margins of segments 1-4, the punctures are rather shallow ; clypeus small, pentagonal, apex transverse or slightly emarginate ; median segment not depressed vertically beneath the postscutellum, slightly sloping ; the sides posteriorly rounded, with a rather deep medial longitudinal furrow; basal segment of abdomen narrowed and with a pro- minent transverse suture at base. Yellow ; a large triangular spot on the vertex of the head, the mesonotum anteriorly and along the sides broadly, all the sutures between the parts of the thorax, an irregular spot at the base of the 1st abdominal segment, and a transverse band at the base of the 2nd segment, giving out a large square wedge-shaped mark in the middle posteriorly, and prolonged back on each side along the lateral margins of the segment, black or rusty rufescent black ; wings clear hyaline.
Rnb. Persia ; Karachi ; the Punjab. $ d" • Length 7-8 ; arp. 16-18 mm.
Mr. Gumming, who was kind enough to send me a small collec- tion of bymenopterous insects from Persia, had a note to the effect that this species was a regular nuisance, coming into the house and stopping up keyholes etc. with clay.
*640. Odynerus ornatus.
Ancistrocerus ornatus, Smith, A. M. N. H. (2) is (1852), p. 49, <S.
" c? . Length 4^ lines (=10 mm.). Ferruginous, the clypeus and face as high as the top of the notch in the eyes, the scape of the antenucB in front, the mandibles and cheeks yellow ; the stemmata ai'e enclosed in a black coronet-shaped spot on the vertex ; the margin of the prothorax, the tegulte and posterior portion of the tubercles, the anterior and intermediate tibiae and tarsi, also their coxas in front yellow ; the lateral margins of the scutellum and postscutellum, and also the margins of the collar stained more or less with yellow — all the impressed divisions of the thorax are stained more or less black; a dark fuscous spot occupies the mar- ginal cell, extending a little beyond ; abdomen, the apical margins of the segments are more or less of a yellowish tinge, as is also the 2nd segment beneath ; the 2nd and 3rd segments above are black at their basal margins."
Hah. Bombay (Smith).
ODTITEETJS.
365
641. Odynerus punctum.
Polistes puuctura, Fabr. Syst. Piez. p. 273. i • « o
Odynerus punctum, Sauss. Mon. Guep. Sol. p- 209, pi. xix, fig. 2; 'Smith, Cat. v, p. 59. 2 . Head and thora.x coarsely, abdomen more finely and sparsely punctured ; clypeus broadly pyriform, convex, emarginate at apex ; postscutellum very pro- minent and raised ; median segment bulging laterally, rounded posteriorly ; abdomen with the basal segment not narrowed. Brownish red, the antennoB obscurely orauge-yellew, 2nd abdominal segment brighter yellow ; the space between the ocelli, a narrow line on the apex _ of the mesonotum (sometimes absent), the base
Fig. 107. of the 2nd segment of the abdomen above
Odynerus pimotum, broadly, and of the 3rd narrowly, black ; wings c?- T- hyaline, slightly ferruginous, with a fuscous
subapical spot on the costal margin of the fore wing ; 2ud cubital cell nearly triang\ilar.
similar ; the clypeus, the front as high as the emargination of the eyes, a line on the scape in front, the posterior margin of the pronotum in the middle, the tegulsB, the lateral angles of the scutelluin, the postscutellum obscurely, aud the anterior and inter- mediate tarsi in front, bright yellow ; the 2nd abdominal segment fulvous posteriorly.
Hab. Barrackpore, Bengal; Allahabad; Bangalore; Bombay. 5 . Lenc/th 10-11 ; exjD. 23 mm. d . Length 9-10 ; exp. 22 mm.
642. Odynerus punctatipeimis, Sams. Mon. Guep. Sol. p. 210, $ ; Smith, Cat. v, p. 59. Odynerus intricatus, Smith, Cat. v, p. 59, c? .
5 . Closely allied to and resembling 0. punctum ; differs from it chiefly and constantly in colour, and in the head and thorax being more coarsely punctured. Ferruginous brown, the head in front and the antennae more or less orange-yellow ; vertex with a A-shaped black mark truncated above ; the pronotum anteriorly, the tegulje, postscutellum, the legs, and the 2nd and 3rd abdominal segments yellow ; the 2nd segment black at base, and with a large transverse spot, widest in the middle, ferruginous brown ; wings flavo-hyaline, with a large subapical fuscous cloud in the fore wing.
S similar, but the black mark on the vertex larger ; a trans- verse band on the apical margins of the 1st and 2nd segments of the abdomen and the whole of the visible portion of the following segments yellow, the band on the 2nd segment much enlarged laterally and with a black stain on its apical margin.
Var. 2 'S . The yellow markings much reduced or replaced with orange-brown.
Hab. Sikhim ; Allahabad ; Delhi ; Bombay. $ . Length 11-13 ; exp. 23-25 mm. 6 . Length 9 ; exp. 23 mm.
366
EUMENIDjE,
*643. Odynerus miniatus, Sauss. Mon. GuSp. Sol. Suppl. p. 249, pi. xi, fig. 6, 5 ; Ball. Ton: Cat. ix, p. 79.
" ? . Clypeus pyriform, transverse anteriorly, with two longitu- dinal carinoe, the space between them punctured. Ocelli placed in pits. Metathorax convex, with an outwardly divergent carina on each side. Head and thorax punctured. Abdomen subpetiolate, the 1st segment elongate, bell-shaped, prominent above, about half the width of the 2nd segment ; the latter swollen and tuber- culate above. Black ; the mandibles, a spot between the antenniE, the scape in front, the flagellum beneath, the outer orbits, a spot in the sinus of each eye, the clypeus (except an oval black spot in the middle), two spots on the prothorax, its entire margin, a spot under the base of the wings, the tegulae (except a spot of red in the centre), the lateral angles of the scuteUum and of the post- scutellum, the apical margin of the 1st and 2nd abdominal seg- ments, and a free, round, lateral spot on the last, yellow ; the base of the abdomen red, the anal segment brownish ; legs red, femora and tarsi yellow ; wings hyaline.
''Hah. India (coll. F. Smith). 2 • Length, 6'5 ; exp. 12-5 mm."
644. Odynerus dififinis, Sams. Mon. Guep. Sol. Suppl. p. 274, pi. xiv, fig. 2 ; Smith, Cat. v, p. 59.
2 S . Head, thorax, and abdomen finely and closely punctured, the thorax granular, the abdomen slightly shining ; clypeus sub- pyriform, the apex incised ; postscutelkim slightly prominent, transverse posteriorly ; median segment depressed beneath it, vertical ; the sides rounded, a broad medial longitudinal furrow with a narrow carina down it ; abdomen oval, the 2nd seg- ment not narrowed, cup-shaped. Black ; the mandibles, clypeus, a broad Y-shaped mark above it, the sinus of the eyes, a broad stripe behind them, the scape of the antennae, a broad stripe on the pronotum, the tubercles, the tegulae, the scutellum, post- scutellum, a large spot on each side of the median segment, another on each side at base of the 2ud abdominal segment, and the posterior margins of all the segments, bright yellow, the base of the 1st segment broadly deep red ; legs yellow, the coxaj black, the femora, tibia?, and tarsi touched with reddish ferruginous ; wings jight flavo-hyaline, with a brownish tint along the costal margin of the fore M'inff, and the apical two-thirds of the radial cell fuscous.
Var. The red on the basal segment of the abdomen reduced to a large patch on each side. Other specimens have the red spreading on to the sides of the median segment.
Hab. Sikhim ; Barrackpore ; Burma ; Tenasserim. $ . Le7igth 8-9 ; e.rp. 18-20 mm. d . Length 8 ; exp. 17 mm.
645. Odynerus fraternus, n. sp.
2 . Closely allied to and resembling 0. conf uentus ; differs in having the abdomen very sparsely punctured, nearly glabrous, the punctures fine and shallow ; the clypeus very broad, grooved
ODYNEUTJS.
367
at aT)ex and ending in two distinct teeth ; median segment more IE kss concave posteriorly, the sides rounded ; in colour 0 fmTerm^ differs in having a large black spot on the clypeus, no m;S sSpes on the mesonotum, and a free spot on each side nf thp basal abdominal segment.
Tenasserim. ? • Lencjth 10 ; e:cp. 24 mm. 6 unknown. Type in the coll. British Museum.
646. Odynerus confluentus, S7n{th, Cat. v, p. 60, 5 .
0 Head thorax, and abdomen covered with elongate con- fluent punctures running into longitudinal strias on the abdomen above ; clypeus pyriform, raised, flat along the middle, the apex broad, transverse"; the scutellum gibbous its sides rounded ; the median segment vertical, depressed underneath the postscutel- lum concavo-truncate down the middle posteriorly, with a medial carima, the apical lateral angles of the segment acut^e ; abdomen with the basal segment narrower than the 2nd the pos^^erior margins o£ all the segments narrowly smooth and sbining. Black ; the clypeus, a spot above it, the emargmation of tjie eyes, a stripe behind them, a squarish spot on each side of the pro- notum nearly meeting in the middle, the tubercles, a spot on the mesopleur^e, two parallel abbreviated lines on the mesonotum, the teeulffi, a spot at the lateral angles of the scutellum, the post- scutellum, the median segment except a broad medial vertical black line, narrow subapical transverse bands on the margins ot abdominal segments 1-5 above, an oblong spot along the sides of the basal and a round spot on the sides of the 2nd segment, yellow • legs yellow variegated with ferruginous ; wings hyaline, fuscous along the costal margin, nervures fuscous, tegulffi with a
fuscous spot. , , ^ , , no on
Hah. Tenasserim ; Sumatra. $ . Length 12-14 ; eccp. 28-30 mm. S unknown.
647. Odynerus fragilis, Smith, Cat. v, p. 61, c?.
2 Head, thorax, and abdomen somewhat closely and coarsely punctured ; clvpeus broadly pyriform, its apex incised ; post- scutellum not or barely gibbous ; median segment posteriorly with a deepish hollow traversed by a medial vertical carina ; the basal abdominal segment much narrowed, very little more than halt the breadth of the 2nd segment. Black ; the clypeus except a waved transverse band across it, a spot above it, the emargmation of the eyes, a line behind them, the scape of the antennse in front, two large spots on the posterior margin of the pronotuni not meeting in the middle, the tubercles, a spot on each side of the scutellum, another on each side of the postscutellum, a third larger and oval on the sides of the median segment posteriorly, the apical margins of the basal two abdominal segments, and a medial spot on the posterior margins of the apical two segments, yellow ; the 2nd segment with a large round spot on each side at
ETTMENIDjB.
its base ; legs yellow, stained with ferruginous red ; wings hyaline, with a fuscous subapical spot.
c? similar, the yellow markings slightly broader, the flagelluni of the antennae fulvous beneath.
Bah. Burma ; Tenasserira ; Borneo. $ . Length 6-7 ; exp. IB- IS mm. c? . Length 5-6 ; exj). 16 mm.
648. Odynerus multipictus. (PI. II, fig. 13.) Smith, Jour. Linn. Soc. 1858, p. 112.
2 • Head and thorax with coarse confluent punctures ; abdomen impunctate, opaque, smooth, not shining ; clypeus slightly convex, flask-shaped, the apex truncate, narrow, the sides roundly emar- ginate; scutellum and postscutellum rather long, declivous ; median segment truncate posteriorly, the sides rounded, not produced nor dentate: 1st abdominal segment not narrowed, cup-shaped. Black ; the mandibles at base, the clypeus except a black central spot, a line from the anterior ocellus to between the bases of the antenn£E, clavate below, a line on the front of the scape of the antenna, the whole emargination of the eyes, a line behind them, a short obHque line on each side of the posterior ocelli, the pronotum in front, two fine abbreviated parallel lines on the disc of the mesonotum, the tegulse, the tubercles, two spots often coalescing on the scutellum, the posterior lateral angles of the median segment, the legs, and a transverse band on the basal five segments of the abdomen, yellow ; the legs variegated with black, the inside of the femora an dtibise of the posterior legs ferruginous; wings subhyaline and iridescent, a subapical cloud and the costal margin of the fore wing fuscous.
Var. The two parallel yellow lines on the mesonotum absent. Bab. DehraDun; Sikhim Terai; Burma; Tenasserim ; Borneo. 2 . Length 9-10 ; exjy. 22-23 mm. cJ unknown.
649. Odynerus ceylonicus, Sauss. Novara-Reise, Hym. p. 12, 2 cJ.
The Odynerus which I have, after careful comparison, identi- fied, though with some doubt, as this species closely resembles 0. bipustuJatus, but is slightly smaller and has the basal abdo- minal segment narrower in proportion ; the head, thorax, and abdomen are more coarsely punctured, the apical three segments of the latter being smooth. Black, with cinereous pile in certain lights ; the mandibles, a spot on the front, the emargination of the eyes, a line behind them, a line on the scape of the antennse in front, the base and margins of the clypeus, a spot on each side of the pronotum, a spot on the mesoplem'se, the tegulaj, a spot on each lateral angle of both scutellum and postscutellum, an abbreviated, line on each side of the median segment postei'iorly, a line on the posterior margins of the 1st, 2nd, and 4th segments of the abdomen, a spot in the middle of the apical margiii of the 5th and a medial spot on the 6th segment, yellow; legs variegated with yellow, tarsi rufescent ; wings hyaline, with a submarginal fuscous spot in the fore wing.
ODYNERUS.
369
Hah. Ceylon (Saussure) ; Eangit Valley, Sikhim (Mdller); Burma. $ . Length S-9 ; e.vjy. 18 mm. I have not seen a male.
650. Odynenis bipustulatus, Sauss. Mon. Ouep. Sol. Suppl. p. 277,
5 J, pi- xii, fig- 10- $ . Head and thorax finely and densely, abdomen more sparsely punctured, the punctures shallow and large towards the posterior margins of the segments ; clypeus nearly as broad as long, incised at apex ; scutellum and postscutellum declivous, the latter not truncate ; median segment depressed vertically beneath the post- scutellum, truncate posteriorly, not concave, the sides rounded, transversely striate ; abdomen with the basal segment not narrowed, cup- shaped. Black ; a spot on each side of the base of the clypeus, a spot above it, another in the sinus of each eye, a line behind them, the scape of the antennae in front, a large spot on each side of the pronotum in front, the tegiilse except a black spot in the middle, the tubercles, a spot on each side of the Tig. 108.— 0(%/ncras scutellum, another on each side of the post- bipustulatiis, $. |. scutellum, a line on each side of the median segment, a complete transverse band on the apical margins of the basal two abdominal segments above, and a medial spot on the apical margins of the 4th and sometimes on the 5th and 6th segments also, yellow ; legs black variegated with yellow, the anterior tibiae and tarsi with ferruginous ; wings hyaline, narrowly dark fuscous along the costal margin of the fore wing.
S similar ; the clypeus entirely yellow.
Eab. Delhi ; Allahabad ; Agra ; Barrackpore ; Burma ; Tenas- serim. $ . Length 6-7'5 ; ex;p. 16-17 mm. (S . Length 6 ; exp. 17 mm.
651. Odynerus ovalis, Sauss. Mon. Guep. Sol. p. 216, S; Smith, Cat. T, p. 59.
5 c? • Head, thorax, and abdomen closely and somewhat coarsely punctured ; the punctures at the bases of the abdominal segments slightly finer than along their apical margins ; clypeus convex, subtriangular, scarcely pyriform, the apex truncate or very slightly emarginate ; scutellum and postscutellum oblique, the latter not dentate or spined at the lateral angles ; median segment rounded at the sides posteriorly, concavo-truncate down the middle to the apex, and bearing a vertically-impressed medial line ; 1st abdo- minal segment steeply rounded at base, not narrowed. Black (rarely reddish) ; the mandibles except at apex, the clypeus, the emargination of the eyes, a triangular spot on the front above the base of the antennse, the scape of the latter, a line behind the eyes, the sides of the proDotum not reaching the posterior angles,
TOL. I. 2 b
370
BUMENIDiT!.
the tubercles, a large spot below each of them, the tegulse, the scutellum, postscutellum, and sides of the median segment broadly, and transverse bands on the posterior margins of all the abdominal segments, yellow ; on the basal two segments the transverse band joins on laterally to large roundish yellow spots ; in some specimens these spots are free, not joined to the transverse band ; legs yellow, the coxaj and base of the femora black : wings hyaline and iridescent, slightly fuscescent along the costal margin and in the apex of the radial cell of the fore wing ; 2nd cubital cell much narrowed at top and produced into an extremely acute angle towards the base of the wing below.
Var. With the yellow- markings not so broad.
Eab. Throughout the plains of India ; Punjab ; Bombay ; the Deccan ; Madras. $ cJ • Length 6-9 ; 13-17 mm.
652. Odynerus guttatus.
Aucistrocercus guttatus, Smith, A. M. N. H. ser. 2, ix (1852) p. 49.
5 . Closely allied to and resembling 0. ovalis. The type speci- men in the British Museum, which is the only one I have seen, differs fi-om 0. ovalis in having the occiput and cheeks more developed posteriorly, the occiput especially being transverse, not roundly emarginate as in ovalis. Black; the base of the mandibles, the clypeus, a wedge-shaped spot above it on the front, a line on the inner orbits joining a spot in the emargination of the eyes, the scape of the antennas, a broad line behind the eyes, a large spot on each side of the pronotum meeting in the middle, the tegulas, tubercles, scutellum, the middle of the postscutellum, an ovate spot on each side of the median segment, a line broadest in the middle on the 1st abdominal segment, the posterior margins broadly of the 2nd-4th segments, and a square spot in the middle of the 5th segment, yellow ; there is a round yellow spot at the base of the 2nd segment, joined by a narrow line to the band on its margin ; legs yellow, the coxse, trochanters, and base of the femora black ; wings hyaline, brownish yellow along the costal margin of the fore wing, and with a fuscous cloud in the radial cell.
JIab. Bombay. $ . Length 8 ; exj:). 20 mm. iS unknown.
653. Odynerus fistulosus, Sauss. Novara-Heise, Kym. p. 11, J .
5 . Head and thorax coarsely punctured, the punctures running into reticulations on the median segment, on the front and clypeus they are rather shallow ; abdomen more sparsely and finely punctured ; clypeus at apex slightly bidentate, scutellum with a medial longitudinal broad furrow, postscutellum not truncate posteriorly ; median segment deeply emarginate posteriorly, the sides produced obtusely, the truncation smooth and finely, obliquely striate. Black, the abdomen in certain lights with a cinereous silvery pile ; the base of the mandibles, a line on each side of the clypeus at base, a spot and a medial vertical line above the base of the antennae, a spot ia the emargination of the eyes, a line behind
ODYNEKUS.
371
them, an interrupted line on the prouotum, the tegulffi, a spot on the mesopletirte, a submargiual transverse baud on abdominal segments 1-5, and lateral spots ou the 1st and 2nd ventral segments, yellow ; the sides of the median segment posteriorly narrowly rufescent ; legs black variegated with yellow, the tarsi reddish ; wings fusco-hyaline and iridescent.
Var. With the yellow markings much reduced and more or less obsolete, especially on the abdomen.
Eah. Pundaloya {Gh-een), Ceylon. $ . Length 10 ; ex^. 22 mm. d unknown.
654. Odynerus humbertianus, Sauss. Novara-Eeise, Hym. p. 13, $ J •
5 . Head thorax, and basal three segments of the abdomen coarsely and closely punctured, rest of the abdomen smooth; clypeus very long and pyriform, margined off by a carina on each side and longitudinally rugose striate between the carinse ; median segment with a broad sulcation down the middle which is not smooth but punctured, the apex below with a longish spinous tooth on each side ; abdomen with the basal segment narrowed, the 2nd segment with a conspicuous conical elevation close to the base in the middle above, and a smaller one submarginally on each side. Black, in certain Hghts appearing covered with a thin cinereous pile ; the base of the mandibles, a line on each side of the clypeus at base, a spot (sometimes a vertical line) above the clypeus, the emargi- nation of the eyes, a line behind them, two contiguous spots on the posterior margin of the pronotum, a spot on the posterior part of the tegulas, a spot at the lateral angles of the scutellum, sometimes absent, a line on the postscutellum, the apical teeth on the median segment, a transverse baud on the apical margins of the basal two abdominal segments, with two contiguous spots or an abbreviated line on the posterior margins of the 4th and 5th segments in the middle above, yellow; legs reddish or black variegated with yellow; wings hyaline and iridescent.
similar ; clypeus without carinsB, bidentate at apex and yellow ; 6th segment also with an iuterrupted marginal yellow line.*
Hah. Udagama, Ceylon ( Green) ; Sil^him {Mdller) ; Burma ; Tenasserim. A common species. $ . Length 8-10; exp. 18-22 mm. cJ. Length 7-8 ; exp. 16-19 mm.
655. Od3merus hurmanicus, n. sp.
5 . Torm stouter and broader in proportion to length than any Odynerus known to me. Head, thorax, and abdomen punctured, closely and coarsely so on the head and thorax, more sparsely with the punctures more shallow on the bases of the abdominal
* Maindron describes a species unknown to me briefly as follows: —
" Odynerus ponticerianus. Niger, niLidus, grossis piinctis, toto corporo
corrugato. AHs hyalinis. Abdominis segmentis primo utque secundo tenuis
vittis flaviacentibus marginalis.
" Hob. Pondioheri. Long. 7 mm."— Ann. Soc. Ent. Pr. 1882, Bull. p. xy, 9 ^
2b2
372
EUMETTID^E.
segments; apical segment dull, opaque, impunctate; clypeus convex, as broad as long, with tlie base transverse, the apex narrowed and emarginate ; acutellum and postscutellum large and prominent, the latter projecting posteriorly ; median segment very broad, truncate posteriorly, with the sides rounded ; abdomen short, stout, massive, the basal segment cup-sliaped. Black ; the basal half of the clypeus, a spot above it, a spot in the emargination of the eyes, an obscure spot behind them, a medially interrupted line on the pronotum, the tegula) except a transverse testaceous strealc in the middle, a spot at each lateral angle of the postscutellum, and a transverse fascia on the apical margins of the basal three segments of the abdomen, yellowish white ; legs ferruginous, -with the coxae fuscous black and a streak on the outer side of all the tibiae yellow; wings clear hyaline, very slightly fuscescent in the radial cell of the fore wing.
Hah. Rangoon ; Toungoo ; Pegu. $ . Length 8-10 ; exp. 18- 22 mm. cJ unknown.
656. Odynerus icarioides, n. sp.
5 . Head, thorax, and the basal four segments of the abdomen finely and closely punctured, the apical two abdominal segments smooth, dull and opaque ; clypeus convex, subtriangular, the apex of the triangle turned downwards and truncate or slightly emar- ginate; median seguient slightly sloped, with a medial deep fuiTow, the sides posteriorly on each side of the furrow rounded; abdomen petiolate, the basal segment shaped almost as in Icaria. Black ; the base of the maudibles, a spot on each side at the base and the
Pig. 109. — Odynerus icarioides, J. f.
apex of the clypeus, the base of the scape of the antennae in front, a line on the pronotum, the tegulse, a spot at each lateral angle of the postscutellum, a line on the fore legs anteriorly, the apex beneath of the intermediate femora, and a transverse band on the posterior margins of the basal two abdominal segments, yellow ; wings f usco-hyaline, darkening along the anterior margin of the fore wing.
Hob. Tenasserim. $ . Lenglli 11 ; exp. 24 mm.
*657. Odynerus tinctipennis, Walk. A. M. N. H. (3) v, 1860, p. 304. Ancistocerus tinctipennis, Motsch. Bull. Soc. Nat. Mosc. 1863, p. 23.
5 . " Black, roughly punctured. Head with a short yellow line
ODYNBEUS. — PTEBOCniLUS.
373
behind each eye ; ciypeus finely punctured, with a yellow spot on each side. Protliorax with a transverse attenuated line which is interrupted in the middle. Two yellow dots at the base of each fore wing, the hind one divided. Meta thorax with a short trans- verse yellow line. Abdomen finely punctured hiudward ; 1st and 2nd segments with yellow hind borders. Anterior femora with a yellow apical stripe on the outer side. Wings blackish, veins and stigma black. Length 5 lines ( = 11 mm.), wings 8 lines (= nearly IS mm.)." Hab. Ceylon.
*658. Odynerus intendens, Walker, A. M. N. H. (3) v (I860) p. 304. Aucistocerus 'nitenAen%, Motsch. Bull. Soc. Nat. Mosc. 1863, p. 23.
2 . " Black, roughly punctured. Head with a red point behind each eye and with another in the notch of each eye, a pale point between the antennte, which are reddish beneath at the tips ; ciypeus thinly punctured, with a curved transverse piceous hue at its base ; scape yellow beneath. Abdomen smooth towards the tip, 1st and 2nd "segments with whitish hind borders. Tibiae and tarsi beneath and knees reddish, fore tibiae yellow on the inside. Wings cinereous, veins and stigma black. Second submargiual areolet divided by an additional veinlet. Length 4 lines ( = about 9 mm.), wings 6 lines.
Hab. Ceylon. I have failed to identify this species.
Genus PTEROCHILUS.
Pterochilus, Klug, Beitr. z. Naturk. v. Weber und Mohr, i, p. 143 (1806).
Type, P. pallasii, Klug. Range. Both hemispheres.
Head slightly concave posteriorly ; eyes rather small in propor- tion, reaching down to the base of the mandibles ; ocelli small, placed in a triangle on the summit of the vertex ; ciypeus rouudly
angular at base ; mandibles large and powerful, crossing each other behind the ciypeus, and cUiated on the outer side with fine hairs ; labium long; labial palpi longer than the lingua, 3-joiuted, the apical two ciliated with long hairs ; maxillary palpi of 6 joints. Thorax ovate, somewhat angular in front; Fig. 110 l;{jg median segment very steeply
Pterochilus prdcMlus, $ . |. ^-^^^^^^ ^^^^ vertical, the medial
furrow ill-defined ; legs long and stout in proportion, intermediate tibite with one apical spur : wings ample, radial cell of fore wing broad, acute and elongate at apex, 1st cubital cell long, about equal to the 2nd and 3rd united, 2nd subtriangular, the 3rd higher than long, subquadrate. Abdomen, the basal segment
374
eumenid;e.
subpetiolate, cup-shaped, receiving and covering the base of the 2nd segment, 2nd very large and as broad as it is long.
I know of only one species of Pterochilus occurring in India, P. pulcliclliis, Smith, the habits of which have been well described by Horne (Trans. Zool. Soc. vii,'p. 168). It builds little cells of finely-worked clay for nests, and fills them with minute spiders.
659. Pterochilus pulchellus. Smith, Trans. Zool. Soc. vii, p. 190, pi. xxi, figs. 8, 8« (nest), & 86.
2 . Head, thorax, and abdomen punctured, the punctures on the head and thorax close and fine, the surface with a granular look, on the abdomen the punctures are shallow ; clypeus convex, subtriangular, the apex produced and rounded ; thorax ovate, deep, the scutellum and postscutellum not particularly prominent ; the median segment with a steep slope, but not vertical, its sides compressed, posteriorly with a lateral edge or angle and a medial somewhat broad furrow ; basal abdominal segment narrowed, sub- petiolate. Black ; the basal abdominal segment light ferruginous red ; the clypeus, except a fuscous streak down the middle, a spot above it, another in the emargination of the eyes, a hne behind them, the front of the pronotum, the tegulie, a spot on the meso- pleuras, the lateral angles of the scutellum and postscutellum, a transverse band on the apical margins of the 1st and 2nd abdo- minal segments, a round spot on each side near the base of the latter, and elongate transverse spots on the apical margins of the 4th and 5th segments, with a spot in the middle of the apical seg- ment above, yellow ; legs yellow, with slight ferruginous stains ; wings hyaline and iridescent. ■> ^ a
S similar ; clypeus immaculate, the lateral spots on the ind abdominal segment wanting. , o
Bob. Mainpuri ; Allahabad, N.W. Provinces. $ . Length i-h ; e,vp. 11 mm. cJ • Length 6 ; exp. 11 mm.
Genus ALASTOR.
■ OdvBerus, pt., Guer. Voy. Coq., Zool. ii, pt. 2, p. 266 (1838)^ ^
AJastor, Lepel. Rt/m. ii, p. 668 (1841) ; Sauss. Mon. Guep. Sol. p. 249, pi. vi, fig. 4 a, 4 6, 4 c, & pi. vii, fig. 6 a, 6 6, 6 c, 6
Types, A. clothe and A. atropos, Lepel. llange. South America ; Australia; Ceylon. Characters those of Oclynerus, except the following : — labium with the median lobe divided; labial palpi of four joints, the 1st inflated at the end, the 4th very minute; maxillary palpi with six joints, the 1st thick- ened, the others slender ; mandibles acute, with four lateral teeth ; fore wing \\'ith the 2nd cubital cell petiolate. Fig. n\.—Alastor Only one species is known within our limits, variolosa, $ . f . and that is fix)m Ceylon.
TESPIDyD.
375
660. Alastor variolosus, n. sp.
c? . Head, thorax, and basal three abdominal segments strongly and very coarsely punctured; clypeus transverse, its anterior margin waved ; antennaj inserted rather low down, just above tlie base of the clypeus ; pronotum truncate anteriorly, the anterior lateral angles tuberculate ; median segment roundly concavo- truncate posteriorly, divided by a medial longitudinal deep broad furrow, the posterior angles at apex with an upcurved tubercular spine; basal segment of abdomen cup-shaped, about half the length of the 2nd, which is deeply constricted at base, the con- striction smooth and shining ; apical four segments smooth, dull and opaque. Black ; the clypeus, a line on the scape of the antennffi in front, a spot in the emargination of the eyes, a spot on each side of the middle of the pronotum posteriorly, the lateral angles of the postscutellum, and a narrow line on the apical margins of the basal two abdominal segments, yellow ; legs varie- gated with yellow and rufous ; wings hyaline, the radial cell slightly fuscescent, the nervures dark testaceous ; the tegulse very large, black, smooth and shining.
Hah. Trincomali, Ceylon. d • Length 7 ; exp. 12 mm. $ un- known.
Family VESPID^.
Labium short, quadrilobed, the divisions corneous at apex; labial palpi with three or four, maxillary palpi with six, sometimes only five, joints. Mandibles, as a rule, short, armed with terminal teeth, except in the genus Ischnogaster, which has the mandibles long and not dentate ; antennae geniculate, arched, in Ischnogaster subclavate, of 12 joints in the $,13 in the 6; clypeus pentagonal or square, in Ischnogaster elongate ; when pentagonal or lengthened ending in a point, when square, anteriorly emarginate, sometimes bilobed ; eyes not always reaching down to the base of the man- dibles, the inner orbits with a sinus or emargination. Thorax variable, the posterior angles of the pronotum reaching back to the base of the wings ; median segment always more or less convex; legs with the tibiae armed at apex with two spines; claws simple *. Wings when in repose with a longitudinal fold ; fore wing with one radial and two, three, or four cubital cells, the 2nd cubital cell, without exception, receiving both recurrent nervures ; 1st cliscoidal cell considerably longer than the 1st submedial cell. Abdomen variable.
* Ischnogaster, which seems to me a link between the Eummidce and Vespidce both in structure and habits, has two apical tibial spines, but tlie claws arc uni- dentate at base below.
376
Key to the Genera.
A. First abdominal segment narrowed into a
petiole.
a. Fore wing with 3 or 4 cubital cells.
a'. Petiole much longer than the rest of the abdomen. a-. Mandibles and clypeiis long beak- shaped, the former not dentate . . b'-. Mandibles and clypeus short, the former with teeth at apex, the
livtter pentagonal
h'. Petiole shorter than or equal in length to the rest of the abdomen, a^. Median segment not steeply sloped, compressed towards the apex ; man- dibles with four teeth, all nearly
equal in size
}}'■'. Median segment somewhat steeply sloped, not compressed towards the apex ; mandibles with four teeth at apex, the inmost one smaller than the rest, acute
b. Fore wing with only two cubital cells . .
B. First abdominal segment not narrowed into
a petiole, pseudosessile.
a. Median segment always transversely
striate; 1st abdominal segment fusi- form towards the base
b. Median segment never transversely striate ;
1st abdominal segment steep or roimdly truncate at base
ISCHNOGASTEB, p. 376.
Belonogaster, p. 381.
POLYBIA, p. 382.
ICAHIA, p. 385.
Pabaicabia, p. 392.
POLISTES, p. 393.
Vespa, p. 399.
Genus ISCHHOGASTER.
Ischnogaster, Guir. Voy. Coq., Zool. ii, pt. 2, p. 269 (1838). Type, /. fulcjijpennis, Guer.
Bancje. Neotropical, Oriental, and Australian regions.'' Head flat ; eyes large, very prominent, the inner orbits on their upper half with a sinus, the sinus small and narrowed in the larger, deeper and broader in the smaller species; mandibles long and
pointed, simple, without teeth, nearly always covered b}'' the long acutely pointed clypeus ; an- tennas subclavate, the apical joint ( § ) acutely conical, in the male forming a very small crotchet or hook applied closely against the 12th joint, their insertion high up just on a level, or a little below the siuus of the eyes. Thorax very sliort, globular, pro- thorax truncate anteriorly, not Fig. 1 12.-Ischnogaster micam, ? . 1. prolonged into a collar or neck ;
scutellum, postscutellum, and median segment forming a rounded, very steep, nearly vertical slope ;
ISOHNOGASTIE.
377
let's slender, nearly smooth ; the intermediate tibiffl with a short anterior and very long posterior slender apical spine ; tarsal claws unidentate in the middle below. Wings long, ample ; radial cell ot the fore wing long, narrow, acute at the apex, which reaches very nearly to the apex o£ the wing ; four cubital cells, the 1st and 2ud subequal on the cubital nervure, the 2nd nearly forming a right- angled parallelogram, the 3rd square or nearly square, shorter than the 2nd, the 4th small, irregular, continued to the apex ot the wing ; the 2nd cubital cell receives both recurrent nervures close to its base and its apex respectively. Abdomen remarkable for its long thin petiole, which is nearly cylindrical with the apex suddenly clavate ; in some species the base of the 2nd segment is also distinctly petiolate, in all it is attenuate, smaller than the apex of the fii-st segment ; 3rd and following abdominal segments forming a more or less acute cone.
The species of this genus seem to me to form the links between the Solitary and Social Wasps, as they not only combine the struc- tural characters of the two families of the Biploptera, but different sections of the genus have different nesting-habits— the larger species making, as a rule, solitary nests constructed by one pair, cJ and $ ; the smaller species living in a many-celled social nest in tiers constructed by the community. In the 'Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society ' for 1890, vol. v, I figured the two nests.
Key to the Species.
A. Colours black, with yellow or red markings. a. Head and thorax black, with yellow
markings.
a'. Clypeus yellow, with an irregidar
square medial space black, not reach- ing its apex; median segment with
a reversed T-shaped yellow mark on
each side I. ?mcaws, p. 378.
b'. Clypeus yellow, without a black medial
space ; median segment with a yellow
spot on each side at apex I. fraterna, p. 378.
c'. Clypeus black, with a small central
yeUow spot; median segment black
immaculate I. scitula, p. 379.
h. Head and thorax black with red mark- jugs /. rufomaculata, p. 379.
B. Colours rufescent brown or feiTuginous
with yellow markings.
a. Median segment very finely transversely
striate L nigrifrons, p. 379.
b. Median segment smooth.
a'. Median segment with a vertically- impressed medial line ; of compara- tively small size. Length 12 mm. . . I. nitidipmnis, p. 380.
b'. Median segment without a vertically- impressed medial line ; of compara- tively large size. Length 17-18 mm. J. ea.'iV/Jta, p. 380.
378-
TESPID^.
661. Ischnogaster micans. (PI. Ill, fig. 1.)
Scniss. Ami. Soc. JEnt. Fr. 1852, p. 24 : Mon. Guep. Soc. p. 8 : S})iif.h, Cat. V, p. 92. ^ f ^
Ischuogaster hauxwellii, £inoh. Jour. Bomb. N. H. Soc. viii (18931 p. 386, pi. i, fig. 4. ^ '
_ ? . Head, pro- and mesonotum finely and closely punctured, with a slightly granular appearance; scutellum, postscutellum, median segment, and abdomen smooth and shining ; eyes distinctly divergent towards the vertex, front with a slight medial longi- tudinal carina ; median segment convex, posteriorly with rather a steep slope. Black; the apical half of the clypeus, a broad stripe on each side on the upper half continued on the inner margin of the eyes up to the base of the antennaa, a spot in the emargination of the eyes, a spot above each antenna, another on each side of the vertex, the posterior margin of the pronotum broadly interrupted in the middle, an oval spot beneath the base of the wings, and a broad curved one beneath that, the inner half of the tegulas, the lateral angles of the scutellum, a posteriorly emarginate line on the postscutellum, a reversed broad T-shaped mark on each side of the median segment, a spot on each side at the apex of the petiole of the abdomen, a large oval lateral spot near the base of the 2nd segment, a broad stripe at the base of the 3rd, a lai'ge lateral spot transversely along the bases of the 3rd and 4th segments, an elongate spot on each side in the middle of the 2nd ventral segment, and a round one on each side in the middle of the 3rd segment, yellow ; the markings at the bases of segments 2-4 generally hidden ; front legs yellow variegated with black, intermediate and posterior legs black, yellow on the coxse posteriorly and reddish fulvous at the knees ; wings hyaline, fuscescent towards the apex and beautifully iridescent.
c? similar, the wings slightly darker, and the yellow markings broader and more conspicuous.
ITab. Eangit valley, 1000 ft., Sikhim ; Pegu Hills, Burma ; Ten- asserim ; Java ; Borneo. $ d • Length 16-18 ; exja. 30-33 mm.
662. Ischnogaster fraterna, n. sp,
$ d" . Closely allied to and resembling T. micans, Sauss. Differs in having the head and thorax more coarsely punctured, the clypeus not so long ; it differs also constantly in the markings. Black ; the clypeus except a narrow margin anteriorly and laterally, two oblique spots on the face below the antennae, the posterior margin of the pronotum, a round spot under the base of the wing, a lunate spot under that, the lateral angles of the scutellum, a line on the postscutellum, a spot on each side at the apex of the median segment, the base of the 2nd abdominal segment, and a transverse band near the base of the 3rd, with a triangular sub- marginal spot on each side on its ventral surface, bright yellow ; legs black or rufo-fuscous, the outside of the femora and the tibiae above of the anterior legs yellow ; wings f usco-hyaline, darker than in /. micans, and iridescent.
Eab, Tenasserim. $ d . Length 17-18; eocp. 30-32 mm.
ISCHKOOASTEE.
379
663. Ischnogaster scitula, n. sp.
Q Head tborax, and abdomen with a fine, very short, soft pu- bescence, noticeable on the vertex and front of the head, the sides of the median segment, and on the 2nd and following segments of the abdomen; head, pronotum, mesonotum, scutellum and post- scutellum coarsely and closely punctured, remainder of the body smooth; median segment convex posteriorly, with a distinct medially-impressed line. Black, shining, the pubescence silvery, a small spot on the clypeus, a line on the posterior margin oi the pronotum in the middle, a small spot on the mesosternum, ancl the base of the 3rd abdominal segment above (generally hidden) yellow ; the joints of the legs and the petiole of the abdomen dark rufo-fu'scous ; wings fusco-hyalme and iridescent.
Hah. Eangit Yalley, Sikhim ; Margherita, Assam {Doherty). $ . Lencjth 16-17 ; exp. 30-33 mm.
664. Ischnogaster rufomaculata, Bingh. Jour. Bomh.N. H. Soc. viii,
1893, p. 385, ? .
0 c? Closely allied to and resembling J. micans and Lfratema fante) - 'differs in the clypeus being longer and much narrower and having a medial vertical carina at apex; the median segment is broader less steep, and furnished with a small tooth on each side of the apex. The markings on the head and thorax are similar to those on the head and thorax of /. micam, but are red not yellow in all the specimens I have seen ; while the markings on the abdomen are precisely similar to those of i. micmis and like them bright yellow.
Hah. Tenasserim. 2 c? • Length 19 ; exp. 32 mm.
665. Ischnogaster nigrifrons, Smith, Jour. Linn. Soc. 1858, p. 113, ? . 9 Head, pro- and mesonotum, and scutellum closely punctured
and finely granular ; postscutellura and abdomen smooth, shinmg ; median segment with a chstinct but narrow medial vertical furrow, the sides posteriorly on each side of the furrow very finely oblique y striate ; clypeus pentagonal, the apex produced and narrowed into a tooth. Dark ferruginous brown, the front and clypeus with rich golden pile ; the base of the mandibles, the scape of the antennse in front, the posterior margin ot the pronotum, an
oblique spot on each side ot the mesonotum anteriorly, a large square spot at its apex (absent in the type specimen), a round spot at each lateral angle of the scutellum, the postscutellum, a largish spot on each side at the apex of the median seg- j ment, two spots one above the other
Yig.U3.-Ischnogasterniffri. on the mesopleuraj, another at the frons,2-i- base of the metapleurffi, two contiguous
lines at the base of the node of the petiole beneath, the lateral margins of the 2nd abdominal seg-
380
TESPIDjE.
ment, two oblique lines towards its apex beneath, a transverse band broadly interrupted in the middle at the base of the 3rd segment, a square spot on each side of the 3rd and 4tb ventral segments, and the whole of the 6th ventral segment yellow ; legs ferruginous brown variegated with yellow ; wings hyaline, with a slightly brownish tinge and beautifully iridescent.
Var. The clypeus with a large cordate yellow spot, the anterior oblique and apical square spots on the mesonotum wantmg ; the intermediate and posterior coxte yellow posteriorly.
Hub. Pegu Hills, Burma; Tenasserim ; Borneo. $ or g ? Length 11-12 ; e.^jj. 19-22 mm. I have seen no d' of this species. ^ Common all over Tenasserim, makes a social nest (Jour. Bomb. jS'at. Hist. Soc. 1890, pi. to paper on Hymenoptera, pp. 233-252).
666. Ischnogaster nitidipennis, Sauss. Mon. Guep. Soc. p. 10,
pi. xxxiv, fig, 4, c? .
5 . Head, thorax, and abdomen thinly pubescent ; clypeus nearly pentagonal, the apex lengthened and ending in a tooth ; mesonotum nearly circular ; scutellum and postscutellum prominent, raised ; median segment convex posteriorly, nearly vertical, with a well-mai'ked but fine and narrow medial longitudinal groove ; petiole of the abdomen with the apex swollen, ellipsoidal, not gradually thickened; base of 2nd segment shortly petiolate. Perruginous brown ; the clypeus, a spot under the antennse, the scape in front, the posterior margin of the pronotum, the anterior lateral angles of the scutellum, the postscutellum, a large spot on each side of the apex of the median segment, a spot at the base of the mesopleurffi, another at the base of the metapleurse, a curved spot on the mesosternum, irregular marks on the sides of the median segment, two spots, one slightly above and in front of the other, on each side at base of the 2nd abdominal segment, two more elongate ones on its ventral side, a transverse band interrupted in the middle at the bases of the 3rd, 4th, and 5th segments, and the whole of the apical segment beneath, pale yellow ; legs pale ferruginous variegated with yellow ; wings clear hyaline, remarkably ii-idescent.
Var. A spot on the middle of the clypeus ferruginous brown, a spot on each side of the vertex of the head and a line behind the eyes yellowish ; antennae fulvous at their apex.
Sab. Cayenne??; Tenasserim. J. Length 12-, exy. 20 mm.
667. Ischnogaster eximia, Binffh. Jour. Bomb. N. H. Soc. v, 1890,
p. 244, pi. — , fig. 7, nest.
(S . Head, thorax, and abdomen thinly pubescent, the head, pro- and mesonotum, scutellum, and postscutellum, very minutely punctured ; clypeus very long, anteriorly carinate down the middle ; median segment nearly vertical, smooth. Dai-k rufo- ferrugiuous ; the mandibles, clypeus, face as high as the base of the antennae, the scape of the latter, a broad stripe on the posterior
ISCHTOGASTEE. — BBLONOGASTBR.
381
margin of the pronotiim, a spot beneath the base of each M'ing, a lunate spot below that, the ten;ul£e, the lateral angles of the seutellum, the postscutellum, a broad stripe on each side of the median segment, the legs, the petiole of the abdomen, the base of the 2nd, a medially interrupted band at the bases of the 3rd and 4th, and the whole of the 5th and following segments above testaceous j'ellow ; beneath, the 2nd ventral segment has an elon- gate yellow spot on each side close to the base, and the 3rd ventral segment a large irregular lateral spot: the yellow markings on the abdomen are densely covered with golden pile ; wings flaTO-hyaline, darker along the costal margin of the fore wing.
2 similar, but darker, the yellow markings narrower.
ffctb. Ceylon (Green). $ j • Length 17-18 ; exp. 31-33 mm.
Genus BELONOGASTER.
Vespa,part., Fabr. Ent. Syst. ii, p. 279 (1793). Zethus, part., Fabr. Si/st. Piez. p. 282 (1804).
Eliaphipaster, Satiss. Mon. Guep. Soc. p. 12 (1853) {necLap. Himipt. 1833).
Belonogaster, Sauss. Mon. Ouep. Soc, App. p. 235 (1858).
Type, B. juncea, Eabr. Range. Africa and India.
Head flat ; eyes lengthened, each with a sinus on its inner margin above the middle, below their margin not reaching the base of the mandibles ; ocelli in a long triangle on the vertex, the posterior ocelli close together ; antennae stout, filiform in the male, the apical three joints suddenly attenuate and convolute ; clypeus wedge- shaped, the apex pointed ; mandibles short, not forming a lengthened beak when closed, obliquely truncate at apex and armed with four teeth. Thorax compressed, rather deeper than long, more narrowed posteriorly than anteriorly ; median segment sloping, without a medial furrow ; legs very long, mo- derately stout; tarsi longer than the tibisB, the 1st joint equal in length to the apical four, intermediate tibiae with two spines at apex, the claws simple. Wings— fore wing with the radial cell elongate, very nearly attaining the apex of the wing; three cubital cells, the cubital nervure only faintly continued to the apex of the wing ; the 1st cubital ceil long, much longer than the 2nd and 3rd united, the 2nd the smallest, receiving both recurrent nervures and strongly constricted towards the radial cell, the 3rd forming a slightly
Fig. 114. — Belonogaster indica, J.
382-^
TESPID^.
elongate parallelogram ; abdomen — basal segment lengthened into a petiole, with a strong tooth on each side in the middle and slightly thickening and depressed towards the apex ; 2nd segment with the base petiolate, posteriorly campanulate, 3rd and following segments decreasing somewhat regularly in breadth and length.
668. Belonogaster indica.
Raphigaster indicus, Sauss. Mon. Ouep. Soc. p. 17, 5 . Belonogaster indicus, Smith, Cat. v, p. 94.
? c? • Head, thorax, and abdomen more or less pruinose, M'ith a thin short silky pile; the head and thorax covered with evenly regular, sparse, and somewhat shallow punctures ; eyes slightly divergent towards the vertex ; scutellnm and postscutellum pro- minent, the former square, the latter with a broad triangular hollow below it. Dark ferruginous brown, the 2nd abdominal segment with a yellow medially interrupted band on the margin of the 2nd segment continued entire beneath, 3rd and 4th segments blackish with their margins ferruginous brown, apical segments ferruginous brown ; wings brownish hyaline with iridescent efful- gence.
Var. Entirely ferruginous brown, no yellow border to the 2nd abdominal segment.
Hab. India (>S'mii!/j); Eombay ((SawssMre); Madras. $ ^ . Length 18-24 ; exjp. 38-49 mm.
Genus POLYBIA.
Polybia, Lepel. Hym. i, p. 533 (1836).
Rhopalidia, pt., Lepel. t. c. p. 638.
Myrapetra, pt., White, A. M. N. H. vii, p. 320 (1841).
Type, P. indica, Sauss.*
Lianc/e. North and South America, Africa, and the Oriental region.
Head flat ; eyes elongate, the sinus on the inner orbits wide, the
orbits below not reaching the base of the mandibles ; antenupe long, filiform, inserted high up on the front ; clypeus pentagonal, the apex ending in a tooth ; man- dibles with their apex nearly square ; four large terminal teeth slightly slanting ; ocelli complete, round, set in a triangle on the vertex. Thorax variable, in all the Indian species — compressed, mg.U5.— Polybia indica, 2- h especially the median segment,
which is generally more sloping and less vertical than in any species of Lcaria, rounded posteriorly and furrowed down the middle ; legs long, slender, tlie intermediate
* This is the type of the species found in the Old World, subgenus Para- polyhia, Sauss.
POLTBIA.
383
tibiffi with two spines at apex, the claws simple. Wings long ; fore wino- mth the radial cell both broad and long, the apex sharply acute and reaching very nearly to the apex of the wing; the cubital nervure continued to the margin of the wing, hence four cubital cells — the 1st very large, about equal to the 3rd a,nd 4th united ; the 2nd very small, constricted towards the radial cell, receiving both recm-rent nervures ; the 3rd cubital cell a little larger than the 2nd and a little wider at apex than at base ; the 4th a httle smaller than the 1st. Abdomen petiolate, the petiole cylindrical at base, swollen and spherical at apex above; 2nd seoment generally shortly petiolate at base, increasing in width to the apex ; remaining segments gradually smaller, closing into the 2nd telescopically.
It is difficult to distinguish the insects belonging to this genus from those coming under the genus Icaria. So far, however, as the Indian species are concerned, they are slighter, more slenderly built than any of the Icarice.
Key to the Species.
a. Mesonotum with two distinct parallel longi-
tudinal stripes. a'. Of comparatively large size. § , length
11-12 mm -P. orientalis, p. 383.
6'. Of comparatively small size. length
7 mm stigma, p. 384.
b. Mesonotum without marks, or markings
indistinct.
a'. 2nd and 3rd abdominal segments with
large lateral yellow spots ; remaining
seo-inents immaculate P. indica, p. 384.
b'. 2nd to 5th abdominal segments with
transverse narrow yeUow bands above. . P. sumatrensis, p. 385.
669. Polybia orientalis, Sauss. Mon. Chuep. Soc. p. 208, $ , pi. xxvi, lig. 2 ; Smith, Cat. v, p. 133.
. Closely allied to P. indica, and resembling it greatly, but lighter in colour and with the yeUow markings brighter and more profuse ; P. orientalis is also constantly smaller. Light rufescent brown ; the mandibles, the clypeus except a reddish-brown cloud in the middle, the space between the base of the antennae, the sinus of the eyes and the inner and outer orbits broadly, a spot in front of the anterior ocellus, the scape and flagellum of the antennae in front, the apical joints of the latter above, the pro- thorax except for a transverse streak in front Fig. \\&.~Polybia another on each side, two medial longi-
orientalis, 2 . J. tudinal parallel lines on the mesonotum, the scutellum, postscutellum, sides of the thorax, and median segment except in the sutures, two broad vertical
384
TBSPIDiB.
parallel streaks on the latter posteriorly, the legs except the base of the tibifB above and the tarsi, a streak on each side of the petiole at base, and large lateral maculse at the bases of the remaining abdominal segments, yellow ; the spots on the 2nd segment with the middle reddish brown ; wings hyaline, very slightly shaded with yellow on the costal margin of the fore wing.
2 similar, very much larger ; the abdomen very dark brown or black, with large lateral maculfe on the 2nd segment only ; the median segment on the sides and posteriorly finely transversely striate.
Hab. Pegu Hills, Burma ; Tenasserim ; China. $ . Length 11- 12 ; exp. 26-28 mm. 2 • Length 20 ; exp. 40 mm.
670. Polybia stigma, Smith, Jour. Linn. Soo. 1858, p. 114, cJ. Polybia decorata, Smith, Jour. Linn. Soc. 1858, p. 114, $ .
$ . Head, thorax, and abdomen punctured and slightly pubes- cent, the punctures fine, shallow, and scattered ; margin of the pronotum slightly recurved ; scutellum and postscutellum promi- nent and raised ; median segment moderately steeply sloped, the medial furrow narrow ; petiole of abdomen short, subapically spherical above. Dark brown or black ; the mandibles, clypeus, sinus of the eyes and the inner orbits, a spot on the front below the anterior ocellus, the cheeks, a transverse stripe on the vertex, the scape of the antennae in front, the pronotum except the posterior lateral angles, two stripes on the mesonotum, the tegulse and a spot on their inner side, the scutellum, postscutellum, and median segment, except a medial longitudinal line on the scutellum and the median segment, the sides of the thorax, except the sutiu-es broadly, a line on each side of the petiole broadening towards but not reaching the apex, a large spot on each side of the base of the 2nd abdominal segment, the apical margins broadly of segments 2-5, and the whole of the 6th segment, yellow ; beneath, the petiole and aU the ventral segments entirely yellow ; legs yellow variegated with brown ; wings hyaline, the costal margin of the fore wing narrowly and the radial cell light fuscous.
2 . Differ only in being larger and in having the yellow marks narrower.
ffab. Pegu Hills, Eangoon, Burma; throughout Tenasserim; Malacca ; Sumatra ; Borneo. ^ . Length 7 ; exp. 17 mm. 2 • Length 10; exp. 20 mm. 6 . Length 9 ; exp, 18 mm.
671. Polybia indica, Sauss. Mon. GuSp. Soc. p. 207,2) pl- xxvi, fig. 3;
Smith, Cat. v, p. 133. 2 or 5 . Head, thorax, and abdomen very minutely and closely aciculate, making the surface dull and opaque looking ; median segment with a steep slope posteriorly, medial furrow on it deep and opening above into a short transverse furrow below the post- scutellum, the medial furrow itself obscurely ti-ansversely striate ; the sides of the median segment smooth, compressed posteriorly,
POLTBIA. — lOARIA.
385
rouuded and bulging ; petiole of abdomen subapicallj sphei-ical above ; the base of the 2ud segment shortly petiolate, the remaining segments depressed ; the petiole not quite so long as the rest of the abdomen. Eufescent brown; the mandibles, the clypeus, except a brown vertical streak, a line on the scape of the antenns in front, the anterior and posterior margins narrowly of the pronotum, the postscutellum, a spot on the tegulie, two medial broad lines on the median segment, the sides of the latter, a spot at the base and an irregular mark on the lower half of the meso- pleurffl, the coxse and the femora beneath, the apical half of the tibiffi, and the apical joint of the tarsi with the claws, a line on each side of the petiole at base, and a large spot on each side of the 2ud and 3rd abdominal segments, yellow ; the spots on the 2nd segment about the middle, those on the 3rd segment at the base and very often hidden by the margin of the 2nd segment ; wings hyaline, iridescent, brownish along the costal margin of the fore wing.
Hah. Burma ; Tenasserim ; China. ^ . Length 13-14 : exp. 30-32 mm.
672. Polybia sumatrensis, Sanss. Rev. et Mag. Zool. 1855, p. 374.
5 . Very slender ; the median segment with a less steep slope than in the other Oriental species ; the medial groove broad and more shallow, finely transversely sti-iate ; antennaB and legs pro- portionately longer. Very dark brown or black ; the mandibles, clypeus, the inner orbits of the eyes and the sinus, the lower half of the cheeks, anterior and posterior margins of the prothorax narrowly, the tegulsB, the anterior margins of the scutellum and postscutellum, two broad parallel stripes on the median segment, an irregular mark on the mesopleurse, the metapleurae, a sti-eak on each side of the median segment, and the apical margins above of the petiole and following three segments of the abdomen, yellow ; legs yellow, the intermediate and posterior pair variegated with brown above and with the apical four joints of the tarsi entirely brown ; wings hyaline, the costal margin of the fore wing lightly yellow.
Hab. Pegu Hills, Burma ; Tenasserim ; Sumatra. ^ . Length 11-12 ; exp. 30 mm.
Genus ICARIA.
Vespa, pt., Fabr. Ent. Stjst. ii, p. 253 (1793). Pohstes, pt., Fabr. Syst. Piez. p. 269 (1804). Epipona, Lepel. (nee Latr.) Hym. i, p. 540 (1836). Rhopalidia, pt., Gvcr. Voy. Coq., Zool. ii, pt. 2, p. 266 (1838'). Anthreneida, pt., White, A. M. N. R. vii, p. 321 (184 .). Ic.aria, Sauss. Mon. Quep. Soc. p. 22 (1853).
Type, I. maculiventris (Gnev.). Itange. Africa, Asia, and Australia. VOL. I, 2 0
386
TESPIDiE,
Fig. 117.
lowria guttatipennis, ^ . |.
Head flat, the clypeus pentagonal, the apex obtuse ; eyes pro- portionately small, below not reaching the base of the mandibles ; the inner orbits with a wide eraarglnation or sinus ; antennaj short, the flagellum slightly thickened beyond the basal portion of the second joint ; ocelli small, complete, round, placed in a triangle on the vertex. Thorax deep ; the prothorax square in front; the scutellum and postscutellum rather prominent ; the median segment depressed almost vertically beneath the postscutellum : legs stout, long ; the tibisB smooth ; the inter- mediate pair with two spines at apex : the claws simple. Wings moderately long, fore wing with the radial cell very broadly sub- triangular ; three complete cubital cells, the 1st large, larger than the 2nd and 3rd united, the 2nd very small, the 3rd often broader at apex than at base ; the 2Dd cubital cell receives both recurrent nervures. Abdomen : the 1st segment narrowed into a petiole, linear at base, curved, and then swollen at apex ; the 2nd segment very large, bell-shaped, the 3rd and following segments folding into it telescope fashion. In one species the 2nd abdominal segment has its apical margin studded with spines.
The wasps belonging to this genus make, as a rule, small nests of from 5 or 6 to 40 cells, attached by a strong stout pedicel to twigs, the underside of leaves, rocks, walls of houses ; and once I found a nest commenced on the corner of a pane of glass in a window ; unfortmiately, for some reason or other, the wasp (/. variegata) deserted this after completing only two cells.
Key to the Species.
A. Reddish or fen-uginous brown, with yellow markings.
a. Second abdominal segment with no trans- verse yellow band on its apical ma'-gin . I. guttatipennis, p. 387. h. Second abdominal segment with its apical
half yellow I.ferruginea,^.Z%7.
c. Second abdominal segment with a naiTow yellow band on its apical margin above. a'. Base of 2nd abdominal segment without
lateral yellow spots 1- margmata, p. 388.
b'. A yellow spot on each side at base of 2nd abdominal segment. - a^. Petiole of abdomen swollen and
; globular above near apex L variegata, p. 388.
J». iPetiole of abdomen not swollen and
globular above near apex 1- ariifex, p. 389.
B. Black, with red or yellow markings. a. Black, with petiole of abdomen red.
ICAEIA.
387
a'. Second abdominal sef^ment ciliated
with spines alonof its apical margin . . /. sumatrce, p. -ioJ. 6'. Second abdominal segment not so
ciliated.
a". WinM hyaline, fore win» wath a
fuscous doud in radial cell I. speciosa, p. 390.
b'-. Wings fuscous for half their length
from base, flavo-hyaline on apical
I. ungulata, p. 391.
b. Black, with petiole of abdomen black. a'. Second abdominal segmeut_ with a yellow transyei-se band on its apical
margin I- arisf.ocratica, p. 391.
b'. Second abdominal segment without any vellow band. a\ Third to fifth abdominal segments
vellow aberrans, p. 391.
J^ Third to fifth abdominal segments
Ijlfiplj /. scitula, p. 392.
C. Entirely black, without markings of any
other colom- I- formosa, p. 392.
673. Icaria guttatipennis. (PI. Ill, fig- 2.)
Sauss. Mon. Guep. Soc. p. 40, ? or ? , pi. v, fig. 8 ; Smith, Cat. T, p. 97.
5 . Head, thorax, and abdomen finely punctured and slightly pul-escent ; the vertex, the pro- and mesonotum granular, the abdomen with a smooth silky look ; clypeus pentagonal anteriorly, with a fringe of fine, rather short hairs ; median segment roundly sloping, with a carina on each side leading from the angle of the postscutellum, the two converging shghtly towards the apex of the segment, the space between the carinas slightly concave, medially furrowed down its lower half. Eeddish brown ; a line at the base of the mandibles and the anterior margin of the clypeus narrowly bright yellow ; the metatarsi of the intermediate and posterior legs more or less yellowish ; wings flavo-hyaline, with a broad subapical fuscous cloud on the fore wing ; the whole insect covered with a thin silvery pile, only visible in certain lights.
Var. The abdomen very dark, nearly black, the apical margin of the petiole narrowly, and the basal two or three joints of the intermediate and posterior tarsi yellow.
5 similar, smaller.
Hah. Eangoon, Pegu Hills, Burma ; Tenasserim : Senegal ; Port Natal ; the Gambia. $ . Length 18-19 ; 30-33 mm. ^ . LengtJi 12-13 ; exji. 22 mm.
674. Icaria ferniginea.
Vespa ferrugiuea, Fabr. Ent. Syst. ii, p. 280. Polistes ferruginea, Fabr. Syst. Piez. p. 277.
Icaria ferruginea, Sauss. Mon. Guep. Soc. p. 38, pi. v, fig. 6; Smith, Cat. v, p. 97.
2 . Head, thorax, and abdomen punctured and thinly finely
2c2
388'^
TESPIDiB.
pubescent ; pronotum with the anterior margin recurved and X'aised ; median segment steeply sloped, furrowed narrowly down the middle, with a fine carina on each side running from the lateral angle of the post- scutellum, the two converging slightly towards the apex of the segment ; the Ist abdominal segment petiolate, the petiole at apex spherical. Rufescent brown, the pubescence white ; the apical margin of the clypeus, the postscutellum, a spot on each side at the apex of the median segment, a line (sometimes absent) on the pos- F\g. MB.—Icaria terior metatarsus above, a narrow transverse ferruginea, $ . 5. band on the apex of the petiole, and the posterior half of the 2nd abdominal segment above yellow, this last marking concave anteriorly and with a shading of black on the segment in front of it; wings flavo- hyaline, with a brownish tint and a subapical fuscous cloud on the fore wing.
^ similar, the posterior margin of the pronotum sometimes narrowly yellow.
Hah. Barrackpore ; Eangit Valley, Sikhim ; Allahabad ; Bom- bay ; Poona ; Madras ; Ceylon ; Burma ; Tenasserim. $ . Lemjth 14-15 ; eccp. 24-^5 mm. "$5 . Lencjtli 11-13 ; exp. 22-23 mm.
675. Icaria marginata.
Epipoua marginata, Lepel. Hym. i, p. 541.
Icana marginata, Saiiss. Mon. Guep. Soc. p. 237, ^ ; Smith, Cat. V, p. 97.
2 . Head, thorax, and abdomen finely punctured and slightly pubescent, the vertex of the head, the pro- and mesonotum with a slight granular appearance ; the abdomen smooth, silky ; median segment with two convergent carinas posteriorly, the space between them deeply furrowed down the middle and obscurely transversely striate. Light ferruginous brown all over, the 2nd abdominal segment darker and more obscure in the middle above, with a transverse band of yellow on the apical margin ; all individuals have more or less the scutellum, posts cutellum, and two marks close to the apex of the median segment yellow ; in some these yellow markings are more decided than in others wings flavo- hyaline, with a subapical fuscous cloud on the fore wing.
g similar, much smaller, usually without the yellow apical hand on the 2nd abdominal segment, and always wanting the carinsB on the median segment.
Hah. Bangalore; Madras; Ceylon (Green). ?. Length lo ; exp. 26 mm. $ . Length 9-10 ; exp. 18 mm.
676. Icaria variegata. .
Epipona variegata, Smith, A. M. N. H. (2) ix (1852) p. 48. Icana variegata, Sauss. Mon. Guep. Soc. p. 23( ; Smith, Cat. v, p. 97.
Icaria picta, Snuss. Mon. Guep. Soc. p. 238. Icaria pendula, Smith, Cat. v, p. 98, $ .
ICARIA.
389
2 g . Yery closely allied to I. marffinnla, of which the present may be an extreme variety ; it differs only in colour as iollows : ferrugiuoiis brown, the base of the mandibles, tlie clypeus, a spot between the base of the auteniuti, the inner orbits and the snuis of the eyes, a line behind tlie eyes, the anterior and posterior margins of the prothorax, the teguliB, the scutelhnn anteriorly, the postlcutelliim, two large oval marks on the median segment pos- teriorly, a spot beneatli the base of each wing, the posterior margni of the petiole and of the 2nd abdominal segment, and a large spot on each side of the base of the last, yellow ; legs ferruginous variegated with yellow ; wings hyaline, with a small subapical cloud on the fore wing.
Bab. Poena, Bombay ; Bangalore; Tenasserim. ^.Length 9-10 ; exp. 20 mm. g . Length 5-6 ; exp. 13 mm.
677. Icaria artifex, 8ams. Man. Guep. Soc. p. 2.36 ; Smith, Cat. v, p. 98. Icaiia variep;ata, Sauss. (7tec Smith) Mon. Guep. Soc. p. 25, pi. iv,
ag. 3, 9 .
2 ^ . Head, thorax, and abdomen obscurely pubescent, the head, pro- and mesonotum, and scutellum finely granular; median segment glabrous, with a medial longitudinal furrow, vertical or very sHghtly sloped ; petiole of abdomen gradually thickened to the" apex, the latter not spherical. Black or rufescent brown ; clypeus except a long, medial, vertical fuscous spot, the mandibles, a line on the front of the scape of the antennte, a hne on the posterior margin of the pronotum, sometimes the anterior also, the tegulaj, the scutellum and postscutellum, and a broad stripe down the middle of the median segment divided in two by the groove (sometimes an outer yellow longitudinal stripe also), a line on each side at the base of the petiole, a transverse line on its apex (sometimes obsolete), a large spot on each side at the base of the 2nd abdominal segment, and a transverse band on its apex yellow, the antenna} and the 3rd and apical segments of the abdo- men ferruginous ; legs reddish bi-own or black, the intermediate and posterior coxae behind and the knees yellow ; wings hyaline yellowish, with the stigma yellow along the costal margin of the fore wing, and a subapical fuscous cloud in the radial cell.
Var. The yellow markings more or less obsolete or replaced by fulvous or ferruginous.
Halj. Sikhim ; Barrackpore ; Dehra Duu ; Mussooree ; Pegu HiUs, Burma ; Tenasserim ; Java. ? . Length 12-13 ; exjy. 25 mm. $ . Length 10 ; exp. 2U mm.
678. Icaria sumatrae.
Vespa suiiiatrce, Weber, Observ. Ent. p. 103.
Anthreneida covonata, White, A. M. N. H. vii (1841) p. 321, footnote ; Sauss. Mon. Guep. Soc. p. 246, $ ; Smith, Cat. v, p. 100.
2 or § . Very like /. spedosa, Sauss. Head, thorax, and abdomen very coarsely punctured, with a rugose granular appear-
390
TESPIDiE.
ance ; clypeus pubescent, flattisli, somewhat longer than broad, pentagonal ; median segment very steeply sloped, with a medial suleation very wide at the top, bounded by a carina on each side, starting from the lateral angles of the post- scutellum and converging towards the apex, the suleation with a medial deeply impressed line, the sides beyond the carinas on each side ob- scurely rugose ; petiole of abdomen as in /. speciosa ; 2ud abdominal segment carapauulate, the 3rd and following segments telescopically closing into it ; from beneath the posterior mar- gin of the ^ud segment a fringe of strong spines Fig \]9—Icaria about 2 mm. in length projects over the base of Sumatra, $. f. the 3rd segment. Velvety black, the clypeus brownish with a whitish pile, the petiole of the abdomen red. black at base ; the entire insect covered with a fine silky pile, looking golden in certain lights ; the spines fringing the 2nd abdominal segment yellow ; wings hyaline, the costal margin of the fore wing fuscous, and with a large fuscous subapical cloud from the radial cell to a little below the cubital cells.
The type specimen of White's insect has the 2nd cubital cell very slightly peliolate towards the radial cell, receiving the 1st recurrent nervure about the middle, the 3rd cubital cell receiving the 2ud recurrent nervure near its base ; but I am convinced this is only an individual variation : the specimens I procured in Tenasserim have the 2nd cubital cell as in /. speciosa, receiving both recurrent nervures.
Tenasserim. . Length U-12 ; ex^o. lQ-23 mm. The genus Anthreneida was founded by WMte on a single specimen without locality.
679. Icaria speciosa, Sauss. JRev. ^ Mag. Zool. 1855, p. 374 ; Smith, Cat. V, p. 08.
$ . Head, thorax, and abdomen finely punctured, densely prui- nose, with a soft velvety appearance ; clypeus convex, pentagoual, the apex ending in an obtuse angle ; pronotum anteriorly rounded and distinctly narrowed towards the head ; median segment vertical, \yith a wide, deep, medial , vertical hollow, the sides rounded, smooth ; petiole of abdomen spherical at apex, base of 2ud segment shortly petiolate. Intense black, the petiole orange-red, slightly fuscous at base, a spot at the base of the man- dibles and the anterior margin of the clypeus narrowly white ; wings light fusco-hy aline, darker along tiie costal margin of the fore wing, and
with a fuscous subapical cloud. . ,^ , e +
Uah Peeu Hills, Burma; Tenasserun ; Malacca; Sumatra; Borneo {A Wallace). $ . Length 10-11 ; e.vp. 22-24 mm.
Tig. 120.
speciosa,
ICAHIA.
391
680. Icaria ungulata, n. sp.
« Closely allied to /. speciosa aud resembling it, but smaller, more' coarsely pimctured, and with the wings of a different colour. Head, thorax, and abdomen rather coarsely but regularly punctured, densely pruinose, with a velvety appearance ; clypeus convex, pentagonal, somewhat broader than long, the apex obtusely ant'led '; pronotum anteriorly slightly rounded, not transverse, and distuactly narrowed towards the head ; median segment vertical, furrowed down the middle, and obliquely coarsely striate ; petiole with the apex spherical, the base of the 2nd abdominal segment shortly petiolate. Intense black, the petiole orange-red m its apical two-thirds ; the antennas beneath fulvous ; the apical jomts of all the tarsi, with the claws and pulvilli, and the margins of the 3rd and following abdominal segments bright testaceous ; wings light fusco-byaline for a little more than half their length from base, bright fulvous yellow beyond.
Bob. Tenasserim. ^ . Length 8-9 ; exjp. 20 mm.
681. Icaria aristocratica, Sauss. Mon. Guep. Sue. p. 37, ^; Smith, Cat. V, 97.
8 . Head, thorax, and abdomen with very fine punctures, the surface not granular, finely silky and shining; clypeus pentagonal, apex with a strong downward bent tooth ; pronotum wide, and with its anterior margin prominently recurved ; median segment convex ; petiole of abdomen short. Black ; a Hue on the mandibles, the anterior margin of the clypeus, the inner orbits obscurely, a fine line along the anterior margin of the pronotum, a short line under the base of the wings ; the postscutellum, the apical margin, aud two obscure small spots on the petiole, and a broader trans- verse line on the posterior margin of the 2nd abdominal segment yellow ; legs black, with a line of yellow on the posterior femora ; wings hyaUne, the radial cell of the fore wing entirely dark fuscous.
Nab. India (Saussure) ; Tenasserim ; Pulo Penang. ^ . Length 7-8 ; exp. 16-19 mm.
*682. Icaria aberrans, Grib. Bull. Soc Ent. Ital. 1891, p. 246, $ ; Ball. Ton: Cat. ix, p. 117. "$. Head hghtly, thorax and abdomen closely and coarsely punctured ; head flat, subtriangular, as wide as the thorax ; clypeus small, narrow, higher than broad, anteriorly widely arched, almost truncate ; median segment subconcave posteriorly ; petiole of ab- domen slightly flat. Fuscous black ; the anterior margin of the clypeus, the inner orbits below the sinus of the eyes, and abdo- mnial segments 3-5 citron-yellow ; the underside of the antennas and all the legs ferruginous ; wings hyaline, obsoletely lacteous, base and costal margin darkening to fuscous. " Mob. India. $ . Length 8 mm."
392
TESriDiE.
683. Icaria scitula, n. sp.
■ ^ . Head, thorax, and abdomen finely shagreened, pruinose, with a silky lustre ; clypeus large, slightly convex, with a minute tooth at apex ; pronotum with its anterior margin sharply trans- verse and very narrowly recurved ; median segment steeply sloped, nearly vertical, with a deep wide furrow down the middle, and the sides rounded ; petiole of the abdomen not spherical at apex, base of the 2nd segment not petiolate. Intense black ; a broad line on the pronotum reaching back nearly to the tegulse, the scutellum and postscutellum bright red ; the clypeus and sides of the median seg- ment with a hoary whitish pile seen only in certain lights ; the claws and the pulvilli of the tarsi testaceous ; wings hyaline, the fore wing fuscous along its anterior margin, with a fuscous cloud in the radial cell.
Hub. Eangit Valley, Sikhim. ^ . Lemjtli 8 ; exp. 20 mm,
684. Icaria formosa, Sams. Mon. Guep. Soc. p. 37, 5 ; Smith, Cat.
y, p. 98.
$ . Head, thorax, and abdomen closely and finely punctured and pilose, the punctures somewhat coarse and v^ iih a tendency to appear like strice on the large 2nd abdominal segment ; median segment with a broad deep longitudinal furrow which is bordered by a sharp edge on each side ; 2nd abdominal segment very long, and with a transverse depression along its posterior margin. Euscous black, covered all over by a grejdsh pile, visible clearly in certain lights ; wings fusco-hyaline, obscurely brownish along the costal margin of the fore wing.
ITab. India (Smith). $ . Length 19 ; e.vp. 37 mm. The type and only specimen I have seen is in the British Museum.
Genus PARAICAEIA.
Paraicaria, Gribodo, Bull. Soc. Ent. Ital. 1891, p. 248.
Type, P. bicdlor, Grrib. Unnc/e. Burma.
Of small size, in form closely allied to Icaria, with the same characters, except the neuration of the fore wing, which has only ttvo cubital cells, the 2nd receiving both recurrent nervm.-es.
685. Paraicaria bicolor, Grib. Bull. Soc. Ent. Ital. 1891, p. 249.
5 or g . Closely resembles Icaria scitula, from Sikhim, in appearance, but smaller and not quite so closely punctured, the apex of the clypeus more produced, and the head broader iu pro- portion. Black ; the pronotum, scutellum, and postscutellum red; the clypeus narrowly along its anterior margin, the inner orbits to as high as the base of the antennse, and the anterior tibiae and
Fig. 121.— Pam- icaria hicolor,
PARAICAUIA.. — rOLISTBS.
393
tarsi sometimes obscurely fulvous white or testaceous; wings slightly fusco-hyaliue and iridescent. s ^ x
Hah. Pegu Hills, Burma ; Tenasserim (common). $ or 5 . Lenqth 7-8°; exp. 16-17 mm.
This species makes a very large Polyhia-hke nest. It is common on the sand-banks in the rivers in the hottest time ot the day, sitting basking and sucking in the moisture.
Genus POLISTES.
Vespa, pt, Linn. Faun. Suec. p. 418 (1761). PoUstes, Latr. Hist. Nat. Ins. xiv, p. 348 (1805). _ Cyclostoma, Kirby ^- Spence, Introd. Ent. 1st ed. la, P- 633 (1826). Gyrostoma, Kirhj ^ Spence, Introd. Ent. 5th ed. iii, p. bdl {V>i^ti).
Type, P. gallicus. Linn. Ranfje. Both hemispheres.
Head flat in front, vertex not or scarcely arched ; eyes reniform, rather small, not reaching the base of the mandibles ; ocelli placed
on tlie vertex in a long triangle, the posterior two rather close together ; antennas hliform, in the male arched at the apex ; clypeus pentagonal, its anterior margin often roundly angular in the middle ; mandibles short, nearly square, terminated by 4 teeth, the inner one often obtuse and somevi'hat apart from the others. Thorax elongate, the median segment oblique, flat posteriorly, and more often than not in the Eastern species transversely striate, sometimes broadly but deeply grooved down the middle ; legs stout, moderately long, intermediate tibisB vvith two spines at apex, claws simple. Wings long, ample ; fore wing with a narrow radial cell acuminate at base and apex, three cubital cells — the 1st very long, the 2nd the smallest, receiving both recurrent nervures and strongly constricted towards the radial cell, the 3rd obliquely quadrate ; the 2nd and 3rd transverse cubital nervures waved. Abdomen pseudosessile, the basal segment narrowed at base, but pever transformed into a lengthened petiole as in Icaria, Polyhia, &c.
Key to the Species.
A, Mesonotum unmarked.
a. Abdomen plain, not banded with red or yellow.
a'.' Of large size. 5 • Length 27-30 mm. § . Length 21-24 mm. Plead, thorax, and abdomen plain chestnut-brown . . P. schach, p. 394.
Fig. 122. — Polistea Sagittarius, § .
394
vespid;e.
b'. Smaller. 2 . Length 19-20 ram. 9 . Length 17-19 mm. Head, thorax, and abdomen chestnut-brown, the greater part of the thorax variegated with black P. sidcatw, p. 3[15.
b. Abdomen with the 2nd segment orange-
yellow on the apical two-thirds or half. a'. Thorax very coarsely rugose. 2 .
Length 23 mm P. Jioplites, p. 895.
b' . Thorax not so coarsely rugose. $ .
Length 16-18 mm P. sagittarim, p. 395.
c. Abdomen with the apical and lateral mar-
gins of the 1st and apical margins broadly
of the 3rd and 4tli segments yellow .... P. stigma, p. 396.
d. Abdomen with the apical margins of seg-
ments 1-5 somewhat narrowly yellow. . P. mdculljKtinis, p. 3£j6.
e. Abdomen with the apical margins of seg-
ments 2-5 with broad anteriorly arched
sublunnte marks P. assamensis, p. 397.
f. Abdomen with the apical margins of seg-
ments 1-5 dark red P. adustus, p. 397.
B. Mesonotum with two yellow parallel lines, 2nd abdominal segment with a bisinuate black line across the middle always present P. hebrcsus, p. 398.
686. Polistes schach.
Vespa schach, Fabr. /S^jec. Ins. i, p. 461.
Poli3tes schach, Fabr. Sgst. Piez. p. 270 ; Sauss. Mon. Guep. Soc.
p. 50 ; Smith, Cat. v, p. 105. Cyclostoma orientalis, A'm-6)/ Sf Spence,Introd. Ent. iii, p. 633 (ed. i.). Polistes orientalis, Lep. Hyvi. i, p.. 519 ; Smith, Cat. v, p. 102. Polistes gyrostoma, Sauss. Mon. Guep. Soc. p. 104. Polistes confusus, Smith, Cat. v. p. 102.
5 . Head and thorax closely and somewhat coarsely punctured, the punctures on the pronotmu running into transverse striae; abdomen smooth, dull and opaque; the median segment with a broad shallow furrow near the apex, transversely striate, the striae coarse and somewhat prominent. Entirely of a dull chestnut- brown, shaded with fuscous on the thorax above and on the bases of the abdominal segments ; wings brown, subhyaline, with in some specimens a purphsh effulgence.
(S similar ; the eyes very small, separated from the base o£ the mandibles by more than two-thirds of ttieir own length ; the mandibles very large, arched, the apex with two strong teeth ; the clypeus nearly square, very obtusely angled in the middle ante- riorly ; the head and thorax more sparsely punctured than in the $ or 5 ; the apical joint of the flagellum of the antennas flattened, cornute.
So far as size is concerned this species vai'ies a good deal, but it seems pretty constant in coloration.
POLISTES.
395
Hah. India {Smith); Sikhim (ilio7?er); China {Larlcmc,). J. Length 27-30 ■, exp. 65 mm. 6 . Length 30-37 ; 6^tp. 08-88 mm. 5 . i:<;«f/<7t 21-24; exp. 62-65 mm.
687. Polistes sulcatus. (PI. ni, fig. 3.)
5r/itV/i, rra«s. /Soc. new ser. u, 1852, p. 38; k>ausi>. Mon. Gu&p. Soc. p. 59, 2 cJ- 2 a Closely allied to and resembUng P. schach, but constantly smaller than the smallest variety of that species ; the head and thorax are more closely punctured, with the punctm-es shallovv and givino- the surface a granular look, those on the pronotum not running into stria; as in P. schach; in colour also P. sulcatus seems pretty constant, all the specimens I have seen bemg castaneous- brown, \vith the mesonotum, scutellum, postscutellum, median segment, pectus, and the whole of the sides of the thorax black ; wings Hght, rather fulvous brown.
similar ; the clypeus and inner orbits yellowish. Hah. EangitVaUey, Sikhim; China. 2- Length 19-20; exp. 48 mm. g . Length 17-19 ; exp. 42-45 mm.
688. Polistes hoplites, Sauss. Mon. Guep. Soc. pp. 55 & 255 ; Smith,
Cat. V, p. 102.
2 . Closely resembhng P. Sagittarius, but constantly larger and the thorax much more coarsely punctured and rugose. 1 know no other distinction, and it is quite possible that P. Sagittarius is but a smaller form of P. hoplites. This latter is a rare insect ; I have only seen one or two specimens of it.
Hah. India {Saussure, Smith) ; Burma. 2 • Length 23-24 ; exp. 54-56 mm.
689. Polistes Sagittarius, Sams. Mon. Guep. Soc. p. 56 ; Smith, Cat.
V, p. 102.
2 or ^ . Head, pro- and mesonotum, scutellum, postscutellum, pro-, meso-, and metapleuraj rugosely punctured, granular, in certain hghts looking as if irregularly striate ; median segment transversely striate, coarsely on the sides and posterior angles and fi^ue in the middle, down which there is a broad sulcation ; abdomen pruiuose, with a silky appearance. Black or deep reddish brown: the black varieties have the scape and flagellum of the antenna beneath and the apex of the clypeus, the cheeks, the pro- notum anteriorly, and the scutellum reddish brown ; the reddish- brown varieties have the scape of the antenns3 lighter, the flagellum very dark almost black, a transverse stripe between the eyes on the vertex, the mesonotum except a reddish-brown oval patch anteriorly, the median segment, and intermediate and posterior legs black ; abdomen in both varieties with the basal two (some- times only the 2nd) segments yellow, the 1st segment more or less black at base ; wings brown, ferruginous on their apical margins.
396
TBSPIDvE.
Hah. Probably throughout the greater part of India; Burma; Tenasserim ; China. $ . Length 18 ; exp. 44 mm. Lemjlh Iti ; exjp. 40 mm.
690. Polistes stigma.
Vespa stigma, Fabr. Ent. Si/si. ii, p. 275. Vespa tamula, Fabr. Ent. ISyst. Suppl. p. 263. Polistes tamula, Fabr. Syst. Piez. p. 274.
Polistes stigma, Sauss. Mon. Guep. Soc. p. 64, pi. vi, fig. 3 ; Smith, Cat. V, p. 102.
5 . Head, thorax, and abdomen smooth ; head and thorax opaque, abdomen slightly shining ; median segment with the medial groove barely marked. Dull ferruginous brown ; the clypeus, mandibles, inner orbit to the sinus, the lower half of the cheeks, and a narrow line along the outer orbit above, the anterior and posterior margins of the prothorax very narrowly, the mesopleurte except for a medial irregular reddish-brown mark, the postscutellum, two broad longitudinal and apically slightly convergent streaks on the median segment posteriorly, the anterior and intermediate coxae in front and the posterior coxse behind, the 1st abdominal segment except an oval reddish-brown mark in the middle above, and broad transverse bands on the posterior margins of the 3rd and 4th segments, yellow ; wings light ferruginous, the fore wing with a broad subapical fuscous cloud.
Var. The wings similarly marked, but clear hyaline.
cJ similar, the vertex blackish; the 4th abdominal segment entirely yellow.
g similar, smaller, the bases of the 2nd and 3rd abdominal segments black.
Var. a. The two streaks on the median segment absent.
Far. fj. The whole insect velvety black, the clypeus and scu- tellum fulvous red, the yellow markings on the head and face and on the mesopleurse and coxae wanting; abdomen black, with the posterior and lateral margins of the 1st and the posterior margin of the 4th segment only yellow, the posterior femora dull red ; wings hyaline, with the usual subapical fuscous cloud on the fore wing.
Bab. Simla ; Delhi ; Allahabad ; Barrackpore ; Bombay ; Ban- galore ; Madras; Cej'lon ; Burma; Tenasserim, extending to the Malayan region. 5- Length 13-14; e.vp. 32 mm. cJ • Length 11 ; e.rp. 28 mm. ^ . Length 10-11 ; exp. 24 mm.
691. Polistes maculipennis, Sauss. Mon. Guep. Soc. p. 61, pi. vi, fig. 4 ;
Smith, Cat. v, p. 103.
5 . Head above, the pro- and mesonotum, and scutellum finely punctured, with a granular appearance ; clypeus with only a few- scattered punctures ; median segment with a medial broad groove slightly transversely striate, shining ; abdomen smooth and silky. Head, the mesonotum, median segment, pectus, sides of the thoi-ax, and base of the abdomen black ; the mandibles, the clypeus in the middle, the cheeks, the pronotum, scutellum, legs, and abdomen
POMSTBS.
397
bright reddish brown ; the margins of the clypeus, the inner orbits up "to the sinus of the eyes, the anterior and posterior margins of the pronotum narrowly, the tegula3, three spots on the pleurce, the scutellum and postscutelluui anteriorly, two rather broad vertical streaks on the median segment posteriorly, and the posterior margins somewhat broadly o£ the lst-5th abdominal segments yellow ; wings light brownish hyaline, the subapical fuscous spot in the fore wing in all the specimens I have seen either absent or faintly marked.
Vcir. Some specimens are darker, with the ground-colour dark brown or fuscous black.
Bab. Sikhim; Assam; Tenasserim ; Java, . Length 11-13 ; exp. 26-31 mm. Saussure gives the Javan 1^ : — Length 16 ; exp. 38 mm. ; the Indian forms seem to me much smaller.
692. Polistes assamensis, n. sp.
^ . Head and abdomen iinely silky, impunctate, except on the clypeus, where there are a few fine scattered punctures ; pronotum, mesonotum, scutellum, and postscutellum closely, finely punctured, granular ; median segment vertical, with a broad furrow down the middle, and rather coarsely transversely and regularly striate. Eeddish brown ; the anterior and lateral margins narrowly, the posterior margin broadly, and a line down the middle of the meso- notum, the anterior margin narrowly of the median segment, and a broad medial irregular streak on the mesopleurse, the metapleuraa and sides of the median segment, the anterior coxse behind, the intermediate coxse, trochanters and bases of the femora, the posterior coxas, trochanters, femora, tibiae, and base of the 1st joint of the tarsi, the base of the 1st abdominal segment broadly and of the 2nd narrowly, black ; the lateral posterior margins of the pronotum very narrowly, the tegulae, the tarsi of the legs, and broad anteriorly arched sublunate marks in the middle of the posterior margins of the 2nd-5th abdominal segments, dull yellow, getting brighter towards the apex of the abdomen ; the apical segment entirely yellow ; wings deep ferruginous hyaline.
Var. The abdomen entirely reddish brown.
Hab. INIargherita, Assam {Doherty) ; Sikhim. g . Length 12-14 ; exp. 26-28 mm.
693. Polistes adustus, n. sp.
5$ . Head and thorax finely and closely, abdomen more sparsely punctured, the punctures on the head and abdomen shallow, and indistinct on the thorax, in front deeper, giving the surface a granular look ; median segment sulcated down the middle, on the sides and posteriorly coarsely transversely striate ; clypeus strongly convex, pentagonal, the apex bent downwards ; scutellum and post- scutellum transversely rectangular, prominent, the latter somewhat broader in the middle. Black ; the clypeus, the scape of the antennae, an abbreviated line behind the eyes near the vertex, the pronotum, except a large triangular patch on the sides, the tubercles,
398
TESPIDjiE.
the tegulse, the scutellum, a square spot at each lateral angle oi the postscutellum, the femora above and the tibise of the legs, trans- verse broad bands on the apical margins of the lst-5th abdominal segments above and beneath, and the whole of the 6th segment above, dark red ; the 5 or 6 apical joints of the flagellmn of the antennae with a line oF orange beneath ; wings fulvo-hyaline, broadly fuscescent towards their apical margins.
Var. The clypeus black on its basal half, the scape black with a line of red anteriorly, the flagellum entirely black, only the margins of the pronotiim and broadly of the basal two abdominal segments red, the scutellum and postscutellum entirely black ; the legs black for the greater part, shaded with red on the femora beneath and the base of the tibise above ; wings f usco-hyaline.
Eah. Sikhim, up to 6000 feet. ^ . LengtJi 10-12 ; ea,^^. 24-30 mm.
694. Polistes hebrsBus.
Vespa hebi'fBa, Fab)\ Mant. Ins. i, p. 292. Polistes hebrasa, Fabr. Syst. Piez. p. 273. Polistes macaensis, Fabr. Syst. Piez. p. 272. Vespa undata, Oliv. Fncyl. Mith. vi, p. 684.
Polistes hebrseus, Sauss. Mmi. Guep. Soc. p. 53 ; Smith, Cat. v, p. 101.
2 or ^ . Head, thorax, and abdomen smooth, opaque, sometimes slightly shining; mesonotum with two short, parallel, longitudinally impressed lines on its posterior portion ; medial groove on the median segment well-marked, very broad in some specimens, the transverse striations sometimes faint. From bright yellow to fulvous brown. The bright yellow forms have all the sutures on the head, thorax, and abdomen lined with black, a curved line on the vertex behind the ocelli, a transverse streak on the prothorax in front, a medial and two shorter side-streaks on the disc of the mesonotum, a Yt^. p^'—Pobstes ^^^s^gj,sg gtreak on the middle of the basal liebrcBus, 9 . i. abdominal segments, and fine sinuate lines on the middle of the remaining segments black. The fulvous-brown forms have a broad band between the eyes on the vertex black, the disc of the mesonotum with one medial and two outer shorter stripes fuscous or black ; the median segment black, with a spot of yellow on the sides and two parallel yellow stripes down the middle • the basal abdominal segment black, with the apical margin more or less broadly yellow; the base of the 2nd segment black, the black produced angularly back in the middle, and a transverse sinuate black line on the middle of the segment, sometimes op the 3rd to the 5th segment also ; the legs have the apical four pints of the tarsi always bright yellow. Wings in both forms ferruginous or fulvo-hvaline. This species is exceedingly variable, but can be recognized by the sinuate line, which is always present, at any rate on the 2nd if not on the 3rd and following abdominal seg-
POLIBTES. — TBSPA.
399
nients. In a few specimens I have found the line faintly marked, and then onW us a darker sinuate line on the rufescent brown base of the 2nd and following segments. . -n •
Hub Throughout India, Burma, and Tenasserim ; Persia; Arabia ; Egypt ; Isle of France. $ . Lengtli 20-24 ; exj>. 46-48 mm. S . Length 13-16 ; exp. 36-40 mm.
Genus VESPA.
Vespn, pt., Zimi. Si/st. Nat. i, p. 948 (1767). Crabro, pt., Christ^ Natw;;. Ins. p. 217 (1791). Vespa, Sauss. Mon. Giiep. Soc. p. 110 (1853-58).
Fig. 124. — Vespa magnifica, ^. \.
Type, V. vulgaris, Linn. Range. All parts of the world.
Head concave posteriorly, the cheeks often much developed ; eyes variable, sometimes with a considerable distance between them and the base of the mandibles, in a few cases extending down to the latter ; ocelli small as a rule, in one species very large, placed in a broad triangle on the vertex ; antennae filiform, in the male elongate, simple; clypeus not terminated by a tooth, gene- rally square, its anterior margin transverse, slightly emarginate, in a few cases bilobed ; mandibles very broad, terminated by 4 strong teeth. Thorax deep cubical, sometimes globose ; median segment vertical, rounded, smooth ; legs stout, rather short, the claws simple : wings long ; the fore wing with the radial cell elongate, the 1st cubital cell the longest, the 2nd constricted towards the radial cell, receiving both recurrent nervures, the 3rd obliquely quadrate, the radial cell obliquely or straightly truncate at apex, not acutely rounded as in Polistes, Icaria, &c. Abdomen massive, cylindrical, suddenly and acutely pointed at the apex ; the 1st segment never narrowed at base as in Polistes, or petiolate as in Icaria, but vertical anteriorly.
The species of this genus seem to be cosmopolitan. They make large nests of papery stuff, placed in trees, or in the ground, generally at the foot of a tree, or often, in India and Burma, attached to the beams under the eaves of the houses. Many species are exceedingly irritable and fierce, resenting any intrusion, even at a
400
TESPID^,
good distance from their nests. Their stings are always painful, and very often dangerous.
Key to the Species.
A. 5 over 30 mm. ; g over 22 mm. in length.
a. Abdomen entirely dark brown, with narrow
transverse apical yellow ba,nda on l8t-5th
segments ; 6tk segment entirely yellow . . V. magnifica, p. 401.
b. Abdomen with the 'basal two segments
ochreous yellow V. ducalis, p. 401.
B. § not over 25 mm. ; not over 22 mm. in
length.
a. Head, thorax, and abdomen pale honey-
yellow V. dovylloides, p. 400.
b. Plead, thorax, and abdomen some shade of
black, brown, reddish-brown, or sulphur- yellow, variegated with ferruginous or bright vellow. a'. Second abdominal segment, sometimes the
1st segment also, bright or orange-yellow. V. cincta, p. 402. b'. Second "abdominal segment entirely light
chestnut-red V. orientalis, p. 403.
c. Second abdominal segment entirely brown
or black V- basalts, p. 403.
d'. Second abdominal segment with a broad transverse apical band yellow. Median segment yellow, with a Y-shaped
black mark V. bicolor, p. 404.
6^. Median segment black.
a^. Head narrower than the thorax V. structor, p. 404.
6^ Head as wide as the thorax V. velutina, p. 405.
C-. Median segment dull yellow, the middle
suffused with black V. analis, p. 405.
e'. Second abdominal segment with a narrow transverse apical band yellow. a''. Mesonotum black, unmarked.
a3. 5. Length 11-12 mm.; g . Length
9-10 mm V. flaviceps, p. 406.
b^. 5 unknown ; . Length 18-20 mm. V. vivax; p. 406. 6^ Mesonotum black, marked by a U-shaped
yellow mark. ^ . Length 15-17 mm. V. aurana, p. 407.
695. Vespa dorylloides. (PI. HI, fig. 5-) , . ^ „
Vespa anomala, Sauss. Mon. Guep. Soc. p. 112, pi. xiv, fag. J. Vespa dorylloides, iSauss. Mon. Guep. Soc. {Errata), p.2o6; Sinit/i, Cat. V, p. 120.
9 5. Head, thorax, and abdomen impunctate, silky, somewhat densely villose ; head as broad as the thorax, short, the cheeks not much developed, the vertex narrowed, the eyes very nearly reach- ing the base of the mandibles below, the clypeus large, square, anteriorly bilobed ; antenuse stout, long, filiform ; ocelh large and very prominent ; thorax and abdomen depressed, the latter very long and narrow. Pale honey-yellow, the antenna, the emar-
VESPA.
401
aination of the eyes, the posterior marglus of abdomnml segment8
I- 3 and the whole of the apical three above, darker browmsh yeUow; the vertex black; vviugs hyaline, the radial cell m the tore wing brownish yellow.
Var. Some specimens are paler, others are darker than the
""^ffab. DehraDun; Saharanpur; Sikhim ; Burma; Tenasserim; Java; Sumati-a. ?. Lenc/tJi 14-15; evp. 42 mm. Length
II- 12 ; e.rp. 33-36 mm.
This is a common species in Burma and Tenasserim.
696. Vespa magnifica, Smith, Trans. JEnt. Soc. new ser. ii, 1852,
p 45 : id. Cat. v, p. 119; Saicss. Hon. Gtcep. Soc. p. ISo, pi. xui, fig. 3, 2.
5. Head above smooth, shining, with one or two scattere punctures ; clvpeus coarsely punctured ; thorax and abdome smooth, with a fine silky lustre ; head as wide as the thorax, rather long, compressed anteriorly, the occiput concave ; scutellum and postscutellum large, prominent, the former with a medial deeply-impressed line, the latter bulging and overhanging the median segment : beneath the postscutellum is a transverse hollow produced triangularly down from the middle, and continued as a medial furrow to the apex of the median segment. Yery dark brown with a golden tint in certain lights ; head and scape of the antenna5 orange ; the sides of the pronotum, two large marks on the mesonotum anteriorly, and a spot under each wing lighter brown; abdomen pruinose, the margins of the segments 1-5 and the whole of the 6th yellow ; legs covered with a ghstenmg golden ferruginous pile, the anterior tibise ferruginous in front ; wines dark fuscous brown.
Var. a. The whole of the thorax light brown, with a silky golden ferruginous pile ; the base of the 1st abdominal segment dull yellow, with a medial vertical brown streak ; wings much lighter fusco-ferruginous.
Var. /3. The thorax entirely dark brown, without any of the lighter marks on the pronotum, &c.
. Exactly similar, but much smaller, the wings slightly lighter in tint.
Ilab. The Himalayas from Simla to Darjiling; the hills of Assam, Burma, and Tenasserim. 5 . Length 30-35 ; exp. 66- 80 mm. $ . Length 23 ; exp. 60 mm.
697. Vespa ducalis, Smith, Ti-ans. Ent. Soc, new ser. ii, 1852, p. 39, $ ;
Sauss.Mon. Guep. Soc. p. 151, ? ? c?; Stnith, Cat. v, p. 121.
2 . Head (except the clvpeus and mandibles), thorax, and abdomen smooth, clypeus and mandibles rugosely punctured ; head very large, the cheeks in some specimens enormously dilated ; mesonotum proportionately rather small; scutellum large and very prominent. Dull ochreous yellow ; the space round the ocelli,
VOL. I. 2d
402
YESPID^E.
a line on the scape of the antenna) above, the mesonotum, the thorax beneath, the coxaj and femora beneath, a medially inter- rupted line on the 1st abdominal segment, and a doubly interrupted line on the 2nd, with the apical four segments entirely, dark brown or black ; wings brownish hyaline, darker towards the base and along the costal margin of the fore wing; the thorax and abdomen, and especially the tibisB and tarsi of the legs, with golden pile in certain lights.
similar ; the pronotum, tegulse, tibiaa, and tarsi yellowish red ; the posterior margins of the basal two segments, sometimes also the 3rd, with a transverse band of bright yellow.
cj similar ; head ferruginous ; the posterior margin of the pronotum, two large marks on the mesonotum anteriorly, a spot on the tegulffi, the posterior half of the scutellum, the anterior tibiae above, and the basal two segments of the abdomen ferruginous ; a spot on each side beneath the scutellum, the posterior margin of the 2nd segment of the abdomen, and the 3rd and 4th segments entirely yellow ; the 2nd segment with a line of black in front of the yellow.
Hob. Nepal ; Shillong, Assam. $ . Length 40 ; exp. 82 mm. ^ . Length 29 ; exp. 76 mm. 6 . Length 30 ; exp. 76 mm.
698. Vespa cincta, Fabr. Syst. Ent. p. 362 ; Sauss. Mon. Guep. Soc. p. 152 ; Smith, Cat. v, p. 118. Sphex tropica, Sulz. Ahgek. Gesch. Ins. pi. xxvii, fig. 5. Vespa unil'asoiata, Oliv. Enci/d. Meth. vi, p. 677. Crabro tenebrionis, Christ, Naturg. Im. p. 216. Vespa affinis, Fabr. Mant. Ins. i, p. 287 ; Sauss. Mon. Gmp. Soc. p. 154 ; Smith, Cat. v, p. 118.
$ or ? . Head, thorax, and abdomen punctured, with erect stiff hairs springing from the punctures ; the clypeus nearly square, emarginate anteriorly, closely and strongly punctured ; the punc- tures on the rest of the head, on the thorax and abdomen, few and
scattered; median segment entirely smooth, ira punctate, the medial groove short, deep at base, barely continued to the apex of the segment. Head, the pronotum, tegulse, and scutellum brownish red ; the 2nd abdo- minal segment bright yellow, with its base narrowly black ; the rest of the thorax and abdomen black ; legs black, getting reddish brown towards the tarsi, and in certain lights covered with a ferruginous golden pile ; wings dark fuscous brow-n, paler along their apical margins. V cmcta h ^^^^^ abdominal segment
cspa ci .6- reddish, with an obscure clouding of yellow
on the sides ; wings ferruginous.
Var. (b). Head, thorax, and abdomen, except the 2ad segment, entirely black ; the 2nd segment deep yellow.
VESPA.
403
Var. (c). The Isfc segment also yellow above, more or less clouded with fuscous black on the middle and sides.
Vcir. (d). The yellow on the 2ud segment shaded with fuscous black, especially on the sides.
Var. («). The basal three segments more or less yellow.
Far. (/). The head, thorax, and abdomen reddish brown, very fine and silky, the 2nd abdominal segment pale yellow.
Hab. Throughout India, Burma, Tenasserim, Ceylon, extending into the Malayan region. $ . Length 28-32 ; exn. 62-70 mm ^. Length 22-25- ; exp. 60-64 mm.
After comparison of a large series of all the forms, I am unable to find any constant structural or colour difference between V. cincta and V. affinis. The latter varies as to size, but the measurements of a large number of neuters give : — Length 17-23 ; exp. 54-62 mm.
699. Vespa orientalis. (PI. III. fig. 4.)
Linn. Syst. Nat., Mant. p. 540 ; Sams. Mon. GuSp. Soc. v. 132 •
Smith, Cat. v, p. 117. Vespa turcica, Drury, III. Exot. Ins. ii, t. 39, fig. 1. Crabro fusca, Christ, Naturg. Ins. p. 216. Vespa ajgyptiaca, Vallot, Tahl. de Reaum. p. 170. Vespa nilotica, Vallot, Tabl. de Reaum. p. 170.
2 or Head, thorax, and abdomen smooth; the clypeus with regular but spai-se and very fine shallow punctures, "bilobed or emarginate anteriorly; scutellum and postscutellum prominent, but not overhanging the median segment. Light chestnut-red \ the clypeus dull orange-yellow ( 2 ), brighter sulphur-yellow { a Ime on the scape in front, the apical margin of the 1st abdominal segment narrowly above, and the 3rd and 4th segments pale sulphur- yellow, the yellow on the 1st segment emarginate anteriorly, the extreme base of the :ird and 4th segments with a small spot on each side above reddish brown ; wings flavo-hyaline.
Zr«6. South of Europe ; Greece; Turkey; Egypt; the Puniab ; North- West Provinces. 2- Length 22-25: 'exp. 54-58 mm $. Length 17-22 ; exp. 47-51 mm.
700. Vespa basalis. Smith, Trans. Ent. Soc. new ser. ii, 1862 p 46 9 •
Sauss. Mon. Guep. Soc. p. 148 ; Smith, Cat. v, p. 119. Vespa obliterata, Smith, Trans. Ent. Soc. 1852, p. 47 H • Sauii Mon. Gtcep. Soc. p. 149 ; Smith, Cat. v, p. 119. ^ ' ^ '
2 . Head, thorax, and abdomen smooth, with a fine silky lustre • clypeus broader than long, deeply bilobed anteriorly ; mesonotum with a medial longitudinally impressed line anteriorly; scutellum and postscutellum prominent, the former with a fine medial longi- tudinal carina, the latter bulging, overhanghig the median segment which IS concavo-truncate posteriorly. Head, thorax legs, and the basal abdominal segment a sort of duU testaceous vellow, clouded irregularly with dark browo, and covered with "a golden pile which in fresh specimens is remarkably brilliant and glistening-
2d2
TESPIBiE.
the 9nd and following segments of the abdomen very dark brown tbe _nc ana lo b b with a short subapical transverse
Id t^^dttheldS above, and some irregular black spots on each sk°e near the base; wings flavo-hyaliue, the costal and upper part of the medial cell in the fore wing deep yellowish
^'Tsimilar; the mesonotum and basal segment of the abdomen
° T^fwhole insect dull testaceous yellow, with a very brilliant golden pile in certain lights. _ Wnh likhim at low elevations; Northern India, Obma, Bunna ; Tenarserim ; Ceylon ; Malabar^ 2 . Lencjil. 20-23 ; e.p. 50-52 mm. ^ • Length 17-19 ; eccp. 44-46 mm.
701 Vespa bicolor, Fahr. Mant. Ins A, p. 288; Sans.. Man. Gnep. Soc. p. 143 ; Smith, Cat. v, p. X Qi;„uiv -nnbescent with fine, rather stiff erect hairs, $ or ^ . .Sl^g'Snfe the vertex of the head and the mesonotum smooth and impunctate, the verreiui sulnhm-vellow : the
only sparsely and finely punctured^ .l^^^^^tH .ertei and front from ^ f [^^^^^ove the b^^^ ^^^^^ ^
occiput of the neaa, = 1 , k the scutellum and
antennee, a medial longitudinal blacli ime on Y-shaped
postscntellnm not ^^-^^^-S^'^Svlft^^^^^^ !nark on the XSaSlmh a 5^ and the apical seg- fche apex also of the 2nd 'abdominal segments,
nientVnerally black ^ basal anj^ 2 e, occasionally^haded
riJwf^iSZ^n^X^iS^^^ ^'-^
702. Vespa structor, S^nitk, Trans. Zool. Soc. vii, p. 191, pL xxi,
• 5 . Sad?thorax, and abdomen — rfeaK
hai?s, which -'^^r^ti^e Jdia^segment, and apical margins the scutellum, sides of median « § , j^,^ the
of abdominal fg-^^t t^oductS transverse ; the hea^^ middle anteriorly broadly pioduce^^ reaching very
much narrower than the 'J^^^.^ies ; the'scutelluni very
nearly down to >3a^^^^^^^ the postscutellum and median seg- large, transverse, and f^^bose , tu p prominence of the
ment vertical, "uow, the thorax black; the
scutellum Head and abdon^^^ Sus cloud; the anterior and vertex and front YnSnot^^^ the tegute, the lateral angles
YESPA.
405
anteriorly with a broad streak from base black; wings brownish
b^silnilar, but with the femora at apex, tibise, and tarsi only yellow; abdomen reddish yellow, with the basal margins oj all the segments black ; the black bauds narrow, produced angularly back fa the middle, and irregularly notched on their posterior
margins. ,. , . ,
/ Very similar to the ^ , but the thorax entirely intense black only the posterior margins o£ the pronotum bright yellow, a black elongate spot on each side of abdominal segments 2-5 above ;
antennas very long. t- .7 i c
Lab. Biusur, Kumaun ; Sikhim up to 8000 ft. 2 • Length 15 ; e.vp.AOmm. Lencjth 10-11; exp. 32 mm. 6- Length \6; exp. 32 mm.
703. Tespa velutina, Zepel. mjm. i, p. 507; Sauss. Mon. Guep.Soc. p. 144, $ ; Smith, Cat. v, p. 119.
5 or 5 . Head, thorax, and abdomen pubescent, with soft erect hairs, longer on the head and thorax than on the abdomen, this last having a soft velvety appearance; clypeus lightly convex, slightly produced and transverse anteriorly ; the sides oblique, the mill-gin in the middle and on the sides waved; scutellum with a medial longitudinally impressed line, convex and somewhat prominent ; the postscutellum and median segment vertical. Dark velvety brown or black ; the clypeus, inner and outer orbits broadly interrupted above, and the front of the scape of the autenna5 orange ; the posterior margin of the 1st abdominal segment narrowly, the anterior tibias on the inside and all the tarsi bright yellow : the posterior margins of abdominal segments 2-4 broadly ferru- ginous yellow, broadening still more on the sides, the 5th and 6th segments ferruginous brown, the apical margin of the 5th slightly lighter brown ; wings brownish hyaline.
Far. The colours in some specimens brighter, in others much duller.
Hab. Kumaun (Miss A. BrooJc) ; Sikhim (Mdller) ; Bm-ma ; Teuasserim ; China ; Java. $ . Length 16-18 ; exp. 40-42 mm. 5 . Length 14-17 ; exp. 40 mm.
704. Vespa analis, Fabr. Syst. mt. p. 36-3 ; Zepel. Hym. i, p. 508 ; Sauss. Mon. Gtiep. Soc. p. 15-2 ; Smith, Cat. v, p. 118.
2 or 5 . Clypeus coarsely and closely punctured, square, emarginate anteriorly ; head albove and the thorax in front more finely and sparsely punctured ; abdomen smooth, finely silky ; scutellum much raised and longitudinally grooved. Head, thorax, 1st abdominal segment, and basal half of the 2nd brownish yellow ; the rest of the abdomen dark brown, the same colour suffuses the apex of the mesonotum, the median segment posteriorly, and the legs ; the head and thorax with erect black hairs, rather
406
TESPIIJiE.
dense on the posterior lateral margins of the median segment, the posterior margin broadly of the 2nd abdominal segment and very narrowly of segments 3-5, the whole of the 6th and a spot on each side above on segments 2-5, yellow, the spots on the 2nd segment opening anteriorly into the brownish-yellow band at the base ; wings flavo-hyaline, brownish along the costal margin as far as the base of the 1st, cubital cell in the fore wing.
Var. With the clypeus and face between the antennae, the thorax, and abdomen brown or reddish brown ; the A'ertex and cheeks, some indistinct shadings on the pro- and mesonotum, the scutellum, and base of the 1st abdominal segment yellow ; abdominal segments 2-5 with a yellow spot on each side above.
JIab. India (SmitJi) ; Kumaua {Hiss A. Broolc). 5 . Length 25; exp. 5fi mm. 5. Lenrjth 20 ; exp. 50 mm.
705. Vespa flaviceps, Smith, Trans. Zool. Soc. p. 191, $ & ,
pi. xxi, fig. 10 $, 11
$ Head, thorax, and abdomen smooth, with erect black hairs, densest on the front and vertex of the head and apex and sides of the median segment ; clypeus slightly convex, short, rounded above and on the sides, slightly produced anteriorly, the apex transverse ; the scutellum only slightly raised ; abdomen broad, suddenly acute at apex. Elack ; the head except the flagellum of the antennae and a square spot enclosing the [ocelli, the margins of the pronotum, of the scutellum and postscutellum anteriorly, a spot on each side of the apex of the median segment, a spot on each side under the wings, a transverse band on the basal three abdominal segments, and all the 4th and 5th, except an ovate black* spot on each side, yellow ; legs yellow, variegated with ferruginous ; wings flavo-hyaline.
^ similar, smaller ; differs in ha^^ng the scape of the antennge yellow only on the front, the black more extended on the vertex of the head, and the whole of the abdominal segments with broad transverse yellow bands on their apical margins, sometimes also an interrupted yellow line at the base of the 1st abdominal segment ; wings clear hyaline.
Hah. Binsur, Kumaun ; Sikhim at low elevations ; Tenasserim (rare). ?. Lengtli 11-12; e.rj3. 28-30 mm. ^. Length 8-9; exp. 24 mm.
706. Vespa vivax, Smith, Trans. Zool. Soc. vii, p. 190, pi. xxi,
fig. 9, ^.
. Head, thorax, and abdomen covered with long, erect, some- what thickly-set black hairs, beneath this covering the head smooth but not shining; the thorax and abdomen densely pruinose. Black ; the head, the apex of the femora, the tibia? and tarsi, a broad band on the posterior margins of the 1st and 3rd abdominal segments, a very narrow one on the posterior margins of the 2nd, 4th, and 5th segments, and the whole of the 6th segment
TESPA.
407
yellow ; a blaclc ring-like mark on the front of the head, broad where it paesses over the ocelli, slightly extended into the emargination of the eyes laterally, and reduced to a line line above the base of the clypeus ; the scape and basal joint of the flagellum of the antennaj beneath yellow; the broad yellow band on the margin of the 3rd abdominal segment is broadly emarginate- on each side on its anterior border and has a narrow triangular incision in the middle ; wings brownish hyaline.
^9g 'Hah. Binsur,Kumauu; Northern India;
respavfvax,9i. \. Sikhim, 8000 feet (rare). Length 18-20 ; exp. 50-52 mm.
707. Vespa auraria. Smith, Trans. Ent. Soc. 1852, p. 46, pi. viii, fig. 8, 5 ; Sauss. Mo:i. Guep. Soc. p. 147 ; Smith, Cat. v, p. 119.
5 . Head, thorax, and abdomen smooth, with a fine silky appearance and sparsely scattered erect haii's; the vei-tex and front of the head and mesonotum sparsely punctured. Golden brown with, in certain lights, a rich glistening pile ; the head, pro- notum, and scutellum reddish brown ; mesonotum a darker brown with a U-shaped mark on the disc, posteriorly touching the scutellum, of brighter golden brown ; the bases of the 1st and 2nd abdominal segments brown, their margins and the visible part of the remaining segments covered with a rich golden pile; wings brownish hyaline.
^ very similar, smaller : the posterior margins of the 1st and 2nd abdominal segments narrowly yellow: the 3rd yellow, with an irregular mark at base above, nearly reaching the posterior margin in the middle, brown ; the 4th entirely yellow except for a very narrow medial longitudinal brown line ; the 5th yellow at base, irregularly festooned with brown along the posterior margin ; the 6th entirely brown.
Hub. Northern India (Smith) ; Kumaun (Miss A. Broolc) ; Tenasserim. $. Length 21; exp. 40 mm. Length 15-17; exp. 36-38 mm.
408"
C0L1BTIDJ3.
Tbibe anthophila.
Family COLLETlDiE.
Non-social beeS usually of small size. Head elongate or sub- triangular ; the tongue short, broad, obtuse and emarginaie at apex ; tboi-ax and abdomen ovate.
No parasitic forms are known in this family, of which only two genera are found within our limits.
Key to the Genera.
a. Fore wing with three cubital cells OolU!Te.s, p. 408.
h. Fore wiug with two cubital cells Phosopis, p. 409.
Genus COLLETES.
CoUetes, Latr. Hist. Nat. Ins. iii, p. 372 (1802).
Evodia, Pane. Krit. Revis. Faun. DeutscM. ii, p. 207 (1806).
Type. C. succincta, Linn.
Range. Both hemisphei*es. _ • u i
Head from front subtriangular, ocelli arranged in a shghtly curved line nearly straight on the vertex ; antenna} filiform ; tongue broad, slightly emarginate at apex; the labial pa pi 4-jointed, each joint slightly thickened at apex ; maxillary pal in G-jointed, nearly equal. Thorax steep or truncate posteriorly, wi th
Fig. 127.
1 2 3
- Colletes. 1 , maxilla ; 2, labium ; 3, face from froat.
the basal space more or less rugose : fore Mings Avith one radial and three cubital cells ; the 1st cubital nearly equal in length on the cubital nervure to the 2nd and 3rd united, the :^ud slightly narrowed towards the radial cell, receiving the 1st recurrent nerviu-e near the middle : the 3rd cubital cell restricted above towards the radial, about half as wide above as below, receiving the 2nd recurrent nervure in its apical half ; legs of moderate size, pubescent, the
COLLETBS. — PEOSOPIS.
409
Fig. 1-28.— CoUetes dudgeonii, 2- ! •
tibial calcaria of the posterior legs subequal, about half the length ot the basal joint of the tarsi. Abdomen broadly ovato-pyrifo m. 'tZZsJs belonging to thi-pecies make their burrows in h^^^^ sand or in the mortar between the stones in old vvaUs. No species, i Sve has hitherto been recorded from India. The one described be ow i found tunnelling into the hard earth of a cutting on the road along the Eangit stream leading to Kalimpong m Sikhim, m April lS9-i.
708. Colletes dudgeonii, n. sp. ■
0 Head above on the vertex with a few fine punctures, the thorax somewhat coarsely and closely punctured, abdomen smooth, onaaue • clypeus rounded anteriorly and narrowed, convex ; eyes opaq , jv convergent beneath ; median segment truncate
posteriorly, coarsely longitudinally rugose at base, with a medial furrow to the apex, the posterior face on each side of the furrow and below the rugose space at base smooth. Black ; the clypeus, front, region of the ocelli, cheeks, and posterior face and sides of the median seg- ment with long, white pubescence ; the meso- notum and scutellum with scattered black erect hairs ; the legs covered with a soft white down, somewhat long on the femora; the posterior margins of segments 1-5 of the abdomen with transverse bands of dense short white pubescence the bases of the 4th and 5th segments and the pygidium covered with longish black hairs; wings hyaUne, sUghtJy fuscescent; nervures dark brown, teguloe black.
Hab. Eangit VaUey, 4000 ft., Sikhim. $ . Length 12; ea;p. 24 mm.
Genus PEOSOPIS. Prosopis, Fabr. Si/st. Fiez. p. 293 (1804) ; Smith, Cat. i, p. 18 (1853). Type, P. communis, Nyl. Range. Both hemispheres.
Head from front elongate, flat, as wide as the thorax; ocelli in a triangle on the vertex; the tongue sub- emarginate at the apex ; labial palpi 4- jointed; maxillary palpi G-jointed ; eyes more or less convergent beneath. Thorax oval, the median segment with a cordiform or triangular space at base, generally more or less rugose ; legs slight, short : wings ample ; fore wing with the radial cell broad at base, acutely pointed at apex ; two cubital cells receiving the two recurrent nervures, the shape of the cubital cells and the points at which the recurrent nervures are received varying considerably.
Fig. 129. — Frosopis. 1, labium ; 2, maxilla : much enlarged. (Smith, Cat. i, pi. vi.)
410
OOLLETIDjE.
Nothing is on record of the habits of the Indian species. The European species bore holes for their nests in bramble-sticks, and in the holes construct cells lined with a thin transparent membrane calculated to retain the honey with which they fill the cells.
Key to the Species.
A. Joints of antennsB not distinct.
a. Enclosed space at base of median segment
finely rugose.
a'. Front with a Y-shaped carina P. mixta, p. 410.
h' . Front not carinate.
a'^. Median segment posteriorly with a
medial longitudinal carina P. strenua, p. 411.
V^. Median segment not carinate P. mustela, p. 411.
b. Enclosed space at base of median segment
coarsely rugose, sometimes reticulate. a'. Head finely punctured.
Tarsi black P.feai, p. 411.
i^. Tarsi yellow.
a^. No yellow mark on clypeus P.fervida, p. 412.
b'^. An oblong yellow spot on clypeus . P. scuttda, p. 412. b' . Head coarsely punctured.
a^. A spot on each side of basal abdo- minal segment covered with grey
pubescence P. absoluta, p. 412.
b'^. Basal abdominal segment with no
pubescent spot P. bellicosa, p. 413.
B. Joints of antennee distinct, moniliform .... P. monilicornis, p. 413.
709. Prosopis mixta, Smith, A. M. N. H. (2) ix, 1852, p. 60, $ ; id. Cat. i, p. 30.
Prosopis leucotarsis, Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. xli, 1897.
5 . Head, thorax, and abdomen smooth, a few scattered punc- tures on the apical margins of the 2nd and following segments ; face slightly elongate ; clypeus flat, produced anteriorly, front above it carinate, the carina forking below the anterior ocellus, the lateral branches running one on each side up to the posterior ocelli ; a deep hollow round the base of each antenna ; median segment roundly steep at the sides and posteriorly, the enclosed space at base above slightly concave, finely rugose. Black, shining ; the clypeus, the face just above it, and the Fig. I30.-Prosopis tubercles yeUow ; the apical four joints of the mixta, 5 . f . tarsi and the apical margins of abdominal seg- ments 2-5 rufo-testaceous ; the tibise and tarsi, the apical half of the 2nd, and the whole of the foUomng abdo- minal segments clothed thinly with pale ghttering hairs ; wings hyaline and iridescent, nervures and tegulas very pale testaceous. Bab. India (SmitJi). $ . Length 5 ; exp. 9 mm.
PBOSOPI8.
411
710. Prosopis streaua, Cam. Mem. Manch, L. Vh. Soc. xli, 1897.
2 . Head and thorax somewhat coarsely and closely, abdomen more sparsely and sliallowly punctured ; head with the front and the ocellar region raised, the raised portion narrowing between the bases of the antennte ; the median segment with the middle raised, the raised portion forming a triangle, rugose, and bordered by a smooth space, rounded at the apex, beyond which is a stout keel, the apex of the median segment concavo-truncate. Elack and shining ; a large spot on the apex of the clypeus, a broad line on the inner orbits not reaching the vertex, a line interrupted in the middle on the pronotum, the tubercles, the anterior tibite in frontand the tarsi, the intermediate and posterior tibiis at base and the tarsi, yellow ; antennfe fulvous beneath ; wings hyaline, nervures brown.
Mab. Barrackpore, Bengal. $ . Length 6 ; exp. 12 mm.
711. Prosopis mustela, Vachal, Ann. Mm. Civ, Gen. (2*) xiv, 1894,
p. 446, ?.
2 . Head lightly punctured, thorax and abdomen nearly impunc- tate ; clypeus slightly convex, depressed and lightly emarginate at apex ; median segment with a somewhat steep slope posteriorly, the sides very finely rugose, opaque, the space at base cordiform and obsoletely very slightly scabrous. Black, shining and smooth ; a spot near the apex of the clypeus, a subtriangular elongate spot on each side of it, an interrupted line on the pronotum, the tubercles, a spot on the tegulse anteriorly, the anterior tibiae above, the posterior tibiee, and the base of the tarsi yellow ; flagellum of the antenuEe testaceous towards the apex ; wings hyaline.
Hab. Karen Hills, Burma ; Tenasserim. 2 • Lengili 4-5 ; exp, 9 mm.
712. Prosopis feai, Vachal, Ann. Mus. Civ. Gen. (2") xiv, 1894, p. 444,
. . . .
Prosopis striatifrons, Cam. Mem. Maneh. L. Ph. Soc. xli, 1897.
2 . Head and thorax closely, finely, and evenly punctured ; abdomen shining, much more finely and sparsely punctured, the punctures also much more superficial ; head almost subtriangular, narrowed anteriorly, with the eyes distinctly convergent below ; median segment roundly steep posteriorly, the sides compressed, a Y-shaped furrow on the posterior face of the segment, the space enclosed between the base of the segment and the lateral branches of the Y somewhat coarsely reticulate and ru- gose. Jet-black ; the clypeus, the face on each Fig. 131.— Prosopis side as high as the base of the antenna), a line feai, cj. f. pronotum, the tubercles, a spot on the
anterior tibise, and an annulus on the base of the posterior tibia), yellow; antennae black, the flagellum sometimes obscurely f ulvescent beneath ; wings hyaline, nervures piceous.
412 COLLETlDiE.
cJ similar, more slender ; the eyes somewhat large in propor- tion and more strongly convergent beneath, the autenna3 longer, the flagellum dull castaneous brown beneath.
Var. With the yellow markings on the head and legs sometimes more, sometimes less developed.
Hah. Upper and Lower Burma ; Tenasserim ; Sikhim. ? . Length 5-7 ; exj^). 14-15 mm. d . Length 0-5 ; exy. 13 mm.
*713. Prosopis fervida, Sinith, 2nd Tarh. Miss., Jlyin. p. 1, ? •
" $ . Black : the head closely and finely punctured ; a yellow line on each side of the face along the margin of the eyes ; the flagellum of the antennas fulvous, slightly fuscous above. Thorax punctured above aud shining; the metathorax rugose in the middle of its base ; the collar, tubercles, tegulffi, the anterior tibis6 and tarsi, the intermediate and posterior tibise at their base aud their tarsi yellow ; the wings hyaline and iridescent ; theii- nervures towards their base pale testaceous, beyond fuscous. Abdomen shining, very finely and closely punctured ; the apical margins of the segments riifo-testaceous. Pemale, length, 2| lines (= about 6 mm.).
" Hab. Sind Valley, Kashmir."
714. Prosopis scutula, Vachal, Ann. Mus. Civ. Gen. (2") xiv, 1894, p. 446, $.
? . Head, thorax, and abdomen finely and closely punctured, the last shming, the punctures very minute and shallow ; head very httle produced anteriorly, scarcely triangular, the eyes strongly convergent below ; median segment truncate posteriorly, the sides somewhat rounded, the posterior face of the truncation bearing a Y-shaped furrow, the space between the base of the segment and the lateral branches of the furrow coarsely reticulate ; abdomen broadly ova . Black : an oblong mark on the clypeus, an elongate tnaugular mark on each side of the latter, the pronotum, the tubercles, the knees, the base broadly of the tibise and the tarsi, yellow ; wings hyaline nervures pale testaceous yellow ; tegulis black, sometimes hordered anteriorly with yellow. . ^ m
Hah. Shwegu, Upper Burma ; Thaungym Valley, Tenasserim.
5 . Length 5-5 ; exj). 10 mm.
715. Prosopis ahsoluta, Cam. Mem. 3Ianch. L. Ph. Soc. xli, 1897.
2 Head and mesonotum closely and somewhat coarsely punc- tured, the punctures running into indistinct strias; the scuteUum and postscutellum sparsely, the sides of the med.au segment closely and finely punctured ; a large triangular space at base coarse'ly transversely rugose, the apex of tl.e ^^gn-nt^trunca e .^h a broad smooth furrow running from the apex- of the enclosed space to the apex of the segment; abdomen with the basal seg- S smooth and shming, the 2ud and apical -g--^^^^^-^^ punctured. Black; a spot at the apex and a lunate spot at the
PBOSOPIS.
413
base of the clypeus, a line broadest, in the middle along the inner orbits, another line on the pronotum, the tubercles, the teguto, the anterior tibia? above and the posterior tibia) at base, yellow ; the antenn.-B fulvous beneath ; the basal segment of the abdomen with a lateral elongated spot of greyish pubescence ; wmgs hyahne, nervures pale testaceous. ^ m
Hah. Barrackpore, Bengal. $ . Lengtli 5 ; exp. 9 mm. lype in coll. Eothney,
716. Prosopis bellicosa, Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. xli, 1897.
(5 . Head and the sides of the median segment coarsely and closely, mesonotum, scutellum, postscutellam, and abdomen more finely punctured, the last slightly pubescent, the punctures on the head running into strife; median segment with a subtriangular space at base coarsely transversely rugose, with posteriorly and on the sides an impunctate smooth area bordered by a well-marked V-shaped furrow, contmued from the angle of the V in a median Hne to the apex of the segment. Black ; a pyramidal spot at the apex of the clypeus, a line on the inner orbits broadest m the middle and sUghtly emarginate above the base of the antennae, a line interrupted" in the middle on the pronotum, the tubercle, and the tegulte yellow ; the legs variegated brownish ferruginous and yellow ; the antennae beneath, the raised portion at the base ot the median segment, and the truncated apex of the latter obscurely piceous brown ; wings hyaline, nervures dark brown.
Hah. Barrackpore. 6 ■ Length 6 ; eccp. 11 mm. Type in coll. Eothney.
*717. Prosopis monilicornis.
Hylffius monilicornis, Motsck. Bull. Soc. Nat. Mosc. xsxvi, pt. 2, 1863, p. 24.
Prosopis monilicornis, Ball Torr. Cat. x, p. 27. " Elongate, punctured, shining, black, abdomen subseneous, the palpi and tarsi rufescent, the front and sides of the thorax and the tibife with cinereous pile ; head orbicular, depressed, densely punctured, anteriorly rugose, the front subconcave ; eyes large, oval above, slightly narrowed below ; autennse about half the length of the body, incrassate, the joints subquadrate, slightly moniliform ; head about as wide as the thorax ; the latter subconvex, triangular, pimctured, narrowed posteriorly and arched : abdomen narrower than the head, oblong, shining, sparsely pubescent, the basal seg- , ment lightly rugulose. Length 2 lines (=about 5 mm.)." Hah. Ceylon.
414
Family APID^.
This family contains both social and non-social bees, and is distinguished by having the tongue acute at the apex, never emaryiivite, generally narrow and sometimes remarkably long. In form and in the amount and character of the pubescent covering the genera vary considerably.
Key to the Genera.
A. Fore wing with three cubital cells.
a. Maxillary pnlpi 6-jointed.
«'. Posterior tibiae densely pubescent. a'. Ocelli in a curve on vertex.
a". Abdomen with an anal longitudinal rima ( 2 ) ; clypeus and. face elon- gate (cJ) Halictus, p. 419.
b^. Abdomen without any anal rima ( $ ) ; clypeus and face not elongate ( cJ ).
a*. Labrum bai-ely exserted Nomia, p. 447.
bK Labrum much exserted, prominent. Tetbalonia, p. 520. b''. Ocelli in a triangle on vertex.
a^. Labrum much exserted, prominent, a''. First recurrent nervure in fore wing received at apex of 2ud cubital cell, interstitial with 2nd trans- verse cubital nervure Habhopoda, p. 521.
J*. First recurrent nervure in fore wing
received at middle of 2nd cubital [p. 523.
cell Anthophoba,
b^. Labrum only slightly exserted, not prominent. a*. Second cubital cell in fore wing
subquadrate Andbena, p. 440.
J*. Second cubital cell elongate sub- triangular, the inner angle pro- duced , .... Xyxocopa, p. 533.
b'. Posterior tibiffi not densely pubescent. a^. Abdomen much narrowed at base, sub-
petiolate, and clavate Nomada, p. 463.
Abdomen pseudosessile, not narrowed
much towards base. a'. Ocelli in a curve on vertex ; 2nd and 3rd abdominal segments more or less
laterally produced Systbopha, p. 466.
i'. Ocelli in a triangle on vertex ; 2nd and 3rd abdominal segments not laterally produced, a*. Colour generally black and red ; 2nd cubital cell in fore wing sub-
quadi-ate Sphecodes, p. 416.
J*. Colour generally metallic blue or gi-een, or black with yellow mark- iBgs ; 2nd cubital cell in fore wing in shape of a truncate triangle . . Ceeatina, p. 499.
b. Maxillary palpi 5-jointed Melkcta, p. 515.
415
c. Maxillary palpi 2-jointecl.
a'. Pubescence on head, thorax, and abdomen
very short, thick, and close CnociSA, p. 515.
b'. Pubescence on head, thorax, and abdomen very long and dense. a^. Posterior tibite bare, concave on outside,
and fringed with long' curled hairs .. BOMBtrs, p. 54-1. b^. Posterior tibiro densely pubescent and convex on outside, the fringe of hairs
short not curled Psithybus, p. 555.
d. Maxillary palpi 1-jointed Apis, p. 55b.
B. Fore vring with two cubital cells.
a. Scutelluni armed with a lateral tooth pos-
tei-iorly Coelioxys, p. 508.
b. Scutelluni not so armed.
a'. Abdomen ( J ) furnished vdth a ventral scopa or pollen-brush ; ( cJ ) dentate at apex.
Abdomen long, narrow, subcylindrical and curved. a". Apex of abdomen ( 5 ) simple ; ( c? )
armed with two teeth Hbhiades, p. 507.
b^. Apex with a median longitudinal
carina and a tooth on each side { cf ). [p. 467.
2 unknown Thaumatosoma,
b''. Abdomen convex above, not cylindrical nor CMved. n'. Maxillary palpi 2-jointed.
a*. Second recurrent nervm-e received distinctly beyond apex of 2nd
cubital cell Anthiditjm, p. 490.
6*. Second recurrent nervure received at or within apex of 2nd cubital
cell Megachile, p. 470.
6'. Maxillary palpi 4-joLnted.
o*. Front between bases of antennae
tuberculate Lithuegus, p. 469.
b*. Front between bases of antennas not
tuberculate Osmia, p. 468.
c'. Maxillary palpi 6-jointed.
a*. Inner tibial spur on posterior leg ( $ ) bent, lunate, with a row of
fine minute teeth on inside ; an- [p. 461.
tennae in both sexes simple .... Ctenoplectba, b*. Inner tibial spur on posterior leg
( 5 ) simple ; antennae ( (5 ) with [p. 460.
apical two joints dilated, flat. . . . Steganomus, b'. Abdomen, 2 'without a ventral scopa; cj rounded at apex, in one genus tri- dentate.
a^. Maxillary palpi 6-iointed Allodape, p. 605.
b'^. Maxillary palpi 2-jointed. a'. Apex of abdomen, J subangular,
cJ rounded Stelis, p. 496.
P. Apex of abdomen, § incised, cJ tri-
dentate Pabevaspis, p. 496.
C. Fore wing with one complete cubital cell or
none Mklipona .p. 659.
416
APIDiE.
2
Fig. V3''2.—Sphecodes. 1, labium ; 2, maxilla: much enlarged. (Smith, Cat. i, pi. iii.)
Genus SPHECODES.
Sphecodes, Lair. Hist. Nat. xiii, p. 368 (1805).
Type, S. gibhus. Linn. Range. Both hemispheres.
Head as wide as the thorax ; body nearly without pyhescence ; front broad, inner orbits wide apart, parallel ; ocelli in a broad
- triangle on the vertex ; tongue acute, short, not folded; labial palpi 4- jointed, the 1st joint nearly as long as the following two, apical joint minute ; paraglossas very small ; max- illary palpi 6-jointed, basal joint short, about half the length of the 2nd, apical four joints shorter than the 2nd, subequal. Thorax short, broadly ovate ; legs moderately stout, almost without pubescence: wings mode- rately broad and long, radial cell acutely pointed at apex ; three cubital cells, the 1st largest, 2nd subquadrate, narrow, 3rd slightly restricted towards the radial cell, the 2nd and 3rd cubital cells receive the 1st and 2nd recurrent neryures at their apices respectively. Abdomen elongate ovate, massive, the margins of the segments often constricted » , , .
Nothing is as yet known of the nesting-habits of the few Indian species hitherto recorded. The European ^P<:eies were at one time supposed to be parasitic on the HahcU Mr. Y. Smith however, after careful observations, seems to have come to the conclusion that Sjohecodes makes burrows like Ealictus.
Key to the Sjpecies.
a. Legs entirely black. a'. "Wings fuscous.
a^ Apical margin of basal ahdommal seg- ment only constricted. -W-.o -n /ITR
''■JSit°9™ S.»-~.P.418.
6^ Length 5-6 mm.
^pul'tured ''.'^ S. cramm p. 418. }fl Head and thorax smooth, with fine ■ „ ^ir
• scattered punctures «• -'f PiJ^^"
6. Legs red, coxm only black S. ruhnpes, p. 419.
718. Sphecodes apicatus, Smith, Cat. i, p. 36, ?; BaU. Torr. Cat. X, p. 1.
$ . Head and thorax closely and coarsely, abdomen very finely
SPHKCODES.
417
and more sparsely puncfcured, the punctures closer along the bases of the segments, the apical margins nearly impunctate ; clypeus subtriangular, very convex, the anterior margin transverse, a deep medial vertical groove anteriorly, not reaching the base of the clypeus; median segment truncate pos- teriorly, with the space at base concave, coarsely ^ longitudinally striate and strongly punc^u.-rc" Fig. 133. between the stria3 ; abdomen shining, the apica^ Sphecodes apica- margin of the basal segment constricted. Head, ius, $. \. thorax, legs, and apical abdominal segment black, basal five segments blood-red; sides of the face and the clypeus with silvery pubescence, thin and sparse on the latter; antennae piceous beneath; wings light fuscous, slightly hyaline towards the base.
Hah. India (Smith); Pegu Hills, Burma. $. LenqtJi 8-9- exj). 17-18 mm. '
719. Sphecodes famipennis. (PI. Ill, fig. 6.)
Smith, Cat. i, p. 36, § ; Ball. Torr. Cat. x, p. 4.
2 . Head and thorax densely coarsely cribrate ; abdomen shining much more finely and sparsely punctured ; clypeus convex, trans- verse anteriorly, the margin hidden by a fringe of stiff hairs • median segment truncate posteriorly, with the deep cribrate punctures confluent and larger than on the mesonotum, the space at base very coarsely longitudinally rugose ; apical margin of basal abdominal segment constricted. Head, thorax, and legs with the apical two segments of the abdomen sometimes black, rest of the abdomen, generally the entire abdomen, ferruginous red- the clypeus, the sides of the face, the cheeks, and the legs with sparse silvery white pubescence ; wings fuscous, slightly paler towards
6 precisely similar; the punctures on the head and thorax deeper, closer, and coarser.
23^'m ^"^"^^ ' ? ^ • ^^^^'^ 11-12 ; exp. 22-
720. Sphecodes albifrons, SmUh, New Sp. Hym. B. M.v 27 • Ball lorr. Cat. x, p. 1. r > •
6 . Head, mesonotum, and scutellura closely and regularly, but not coars^ely punctured, shining; postscutellum and the lunate space at the base of the median segment, which is remarkable in being prominent and raised, coarsely longitudinally rugose; rest of the median segment reticulate ; the face truncate posteriorly • abdomen, except the apical margins of segments 2-6, finelv' regularly, and closely punctured, the apical margins of the same
ZfZT TTll "'^'^ ^^g-^^^ts 1-5 strongly con!
stncted. Head, thorax, and legs black ; abdomen shining ferru- ginous; the clypeus and face in front covered with denfe short
418 AVTDS,
white pubescence, the clypeus transverse anteriorly ; the antenuse submonilit'onn, piceous black. _ ^
Hah. Western India, d . Lencjth 11-12 ; ea;j3. 20 mm. ? un- known.
721. Spliecodes montanus, S7mth, New Sp. Bym. B. M. p. 27, ? d ;
Ball. Ton: Cat. x, p. 8.
9 Head verv finely and closely, thorax more strongly and coarsely punctured, the punctures on the latter beneath and on the sides confluent; abdomen smooth and shinmg with very mhmte punctures at the base of the 2nd and 3rd segments; clypeus transverse anteriorly; the enc osed space at the base of the median segment subtriangular, projectmg backwards and longi- tudinally rugose; beneath, the segment is truncate postenorly S coaJsely punctured. Head, thorax, and apical half of the 3rd and f ot-ing abdominal segments black the basal two segmen s and base of the 3rd rich ferruginous red ; the flagellum of he antenna at apex beneath piceous ; clypeus and legs with a very thin silvery- white glittering pubescence ; wings hyaline and iridescent. _
i sSr, the head and the disc of the mesonotum especially, much less Jlosely punctured ; the antennae moniliform and, mth r apex of the median segment, dull castaneous ; legs cas aneous brown apical half of the"' 5th, the whole 6th and 7th abdominal segments black, the rest of the abdomen f-rugino- ^^^^ _
Hah. Northern India ; Mussooree. ? 6 • Length 8 y , exp.
16 mm.
729 Sphecodes crassicornis, Smith, Neio Sp. Bym. B. M. p. 28, S ;
Ball. Ton: Cat. x, p. 2. Sphecodea sodalis, Smith, t. c. p. M,6 ■ , TT ^ n^rl thoTax re<^ularly and strongly, abdomen very
•^;te?v .nd den e^^^^^^^^ '''^^'''^ flat, transverse,
minutely and «enseiy j transverse ridge ;
r e;ftSnstTe eZ gTnate -^^^^^^^^^^ ^^ining clypeus ti^°^J^^.^^':,^'^^Mv. „ medial vertical carina, the space at truncate P°«teriorly ^vi h a mema ^^^^^^ ^^^^^^^^
hase concave coarsely on^^^^^^^^ ^ ^^^^^
' nTand^hf;^ ole of' the apical three black, the apical margm '"A"^ 1 St and the whole of segments 2-4 ferrugmous red ; clypeus ''M ? ! Sh dense white pubescence; the antennae and legs XcureTy lutj^-- ; wings\yaline and iridescent, the nervures oDscurwy F . 1 rufo-testaceous. '"S Sc!t. 6; 11 mm. ? unknown.
723 Sphecodes iridipennis Ne^o Sp. Bym. B.M. p. 27, ?;
Ball. Ton: Cat. x, p. 7. , i j j
SPnECODES. — HALICTUS.
419
verse anteriorly; median segment truncate posteriorly, coarsely rugose and punctured, the space at base concave and longitudinally striate. Head and thorax black ; abdomen ferruginous, base and apex of the 2nd and base of the 3rd segment above fuscous, the apex broadly of the 3rd and the whole of the following segments black ; the antennae and legs piceous ; wings hyaline and splen- didly iridescent.
Hah. jNTorthern India. 2 • Length 5 ; exp. 9 mm. 6 unknown.
*724. Sphecodes rubripes, Spin. Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr. 1838, p. 512 ; id. op. cit. 1843, p. 438; Ball. Ton: Cat. x, p. 1.
"Antennae, coxse, head, and thorax black; abdomen, the legs (coxae excepted), and the tegulsB of the wings red. Pubescence corresponding to the colour of the part it is growing on. Head and thorax strongly punctured, the punctures close but distinct. Disc of the metathorax more strongly punctured than the rest of the thorax, the punctures confluent, forming longitudinal strise."
Hub. Egypt ; Bombay, Western India.
Genus HALICTUS.
Halictus, Zatr. Hist. Nat. Ins. xiii, p. 364 (1805). Lasioglossum, Curtis, Brit. Ent. x, pi. 448 (1834). Nomioides, pt., Schenck, Berl. ent. Zeit. x, p. 333 (1866).
Type, H. sex-cinctus, Fabr. Range. Both hemispheres.
Head subtriangular, the ocelli in a curve on the vertex ; the
scape of the antennae about as long as half the flagellum, the latter filiform ; the clypeus more or less produced ; the tongue acute ; the labial palpi A- jointed, the basal joint as long as the following two, the apical three gradu- ally decreasing in length ; the max- illary palpi 6-jointed, the basal joint the shortest, the following joints gradually decreasing in length to the apical one ; the labrum ( $ ) transverse, with a carina in front densely fringed with pubescence. Thorax ovate ; the median segment short, generally ^ _^ steeply sloped or truncate, and with
Fig.l34.-Z^a&to.l,maxiUa; ^ subtriangular lunate or cordate 2, labium (much enlarged). space at base above generally concave
and punctured, striate or reticulate, sometimes pubescent ; legs moderately long, the posterior legs with a floccus of long hair on the coxae and trochanters, and a dense polliniferous scopa on the tibiae. Wings fairly ample, the radial cell narrowing towards the apex, which is sharply acute •
2 E 2
420 apiDjE.
three cubital cells, the 1st about as long as the 2nd and 3rd united, the 2nd small, subquadrate, receiving the 1st recurrent nervure near its apex, the 8rd strongly restricted above towards the radial cell receiving- the 2nd recurrent nervure in its apical third. Abdo- men ovate, the apical segment with a longitudinal rima.
The male differs in having the antennaj elongate, sometmies longer than the head and thorax united, the clypeus frequently much produced ; the abdomen subcyhndrical and proportionately much longer than in the female. , i u-*. e
Very little, so far as I know, is on record about the habits ot the Oriental species of this genus. Mr. E. E. Green of Pundaloya Ceylon, found Halictus ducalis tunnelling into a hard bank of earth in April In the nest he found beside the Halicti a specimen of the parasitic bee Nomada adusta, Smith. Of the habits of the English species, H. morio, Eabr., Smith records :—" Early in April the females appeared, and continued in numbers to the end of June ; not a single male was to be found at any time ; during the month of July scarcely an individual could be found ; a sohtary female now and then might be seen, but the spring bees had almost dis- appeared About the middle of August the males began to come forth and by the end of the month abounded ; the females suc- ceeded the males in their appearance about ten or twelve days. These industrious creatures immediately began the task assigned to them, burrowing and forming their nests ; one of then- httle tunnels had usually others running into it, so that a single common entrance served as a passage to several cells, in each ot which a little ball of pollen was formed and a single egg deposited thereon. The larvffi were ten or twelve days consuming it, by which time they were fully fed ; in this state they lay until they changed to the pupa state, when they very shortly became matured.
Key to the Species.
A. Enclosed space at base of median segment with oblique divergent striae. a. Head and thorax black, sometimes with •' a chalybeous or castaneous tint. a' Abdomen im punctate-glabrous. 'a\ Base of 2nd abdominal segment , , .o.,
constricted E. splendidulus, i^A23.
h\ Base of 2nd abdominal segment not constricted. Second abdominal segment with a subapical transverse groove . . S. albescens, p. 4Jd. h^. Second abdominal segment with- out any transverse groove. aK Median segment with a short .
vertical cai-ma i)osteriorly . . H. tnstis, p. 4_4. b\ Median segment not carinate. H. semiannus, p. 424. b'. Basal abdominal segment glabrous,
remainder punctured H. catullus, i^.
HAMCTUS.
421
c'. Abdomen densely punctured.
or. I*[esonotum glabrous S. tardus, p. 425.
h". Mesouotum closely punctured //. dasijy aster, p. 425.
h. PTead and thorax obscure blue M. alphenus, p. 420.
c. Head and thorax metallic green.
a'. Length 9-10 mm H. ffrandiceps, p. 426.
b'. Length 3'7-4 mm H. vachalii, p. 426.
B. Enclosed space at base of median seg- ment -with transverse sti-iiB H. discursus, p. 427.
0. Enclosed space at base of median segment with longitudinal strice.
a. Head and thorax black.
a'. Abdomen more or less punctured. a". Bases of abdominal segments 2-6
constricted S. pulchriventris, p. 427.
V^. Bases of abdominal segments not constricted. Bases of segments 2-4 with pu- bescent bands, a*. Front with a vertically im- pressed line S. proteus, p. 428.
6'. Front without a vertically
impressed line or groove .... H. subopacus, p. 428. h^. Margins of abdominal segments
1-5 with pubescent bands .... JT. taprobance, p. 428. c'. Abdominal segments nearly bare, apical segments with a few de- cumbent hairs S. lucidiusculus, p. 429.
d'. Second and following abdominal segments coveredwith short fine pubescence not forming trans- verse bands H. agi-estis, p. 429.
v. Abdomen impunctate.
a'-. Basal two abdominal segments with a faint but distinct transverse
impressed line S. timidus, p. 429. .
6", Basal two abdominal segments without any transverse impressed
lines S. ffuttu7-osiis, ■p. iSO.
b. Head and thorax metallic green S. propin([Uus, p. 430.
c. Head and thorax metallic blTie H. vernalis, p. 430.
D. Enclosed space at base of median segment punctured.
rt. Head and tborax aeneous or metallic green.
a'. Base of 2nd abdominal segment
strongly depressed and constricted . H. buccinus, p. 431. b'. Base of 2nd abdominal segment not
constricted H. vicinus, p. 431.
b. Head and thorax black, often with a castaneous or chalybeous hue, or black and red.
a'. Abdomen smooth, impunctate. d^. Abdomen entirely black H. spodiozonius, p. 431.
422
APIDiE.
6-. Basal three ftMominal segments red, apical three black. a". Apex of clypeus, labrum, and
mandibles black H. cameronii, p. 432.
h\ Apex of clypeus, labrum, and
mandibles yellow S, xanthognathiis, p. 432.
I'. Abdomen more or less punctured. d-. One or more of the abdominal seg- ments red or rufo-fuscous. «■'. Basal abdominal seg-inent im-
punctate, highly polished H. wrovyMoni, p. 432.
b'\ Basal abdominal segment punc- tured invidus, p. 433.
Abdominal segments wholly black. a'. Apical margins of segments with pubescent bands, fl'. Front below ocelli with a
vertical medial carina .... .ff./fot, p. 433. 4'. Front not carinated,
a\ Length 11 mm S.Jimhriatus, p. 433.
6°. Length 7 mm S. (jarrulus, p. 434.
h^. Bases of abdominal segments 2-5 with pubescent bands, apical
margins bare H. condrictus, p. 434.
c^. Abdominal segments without pubescent bands. a". Apex of median segment
roundly truncate H.fmhriatellus, p. 434.
I'. Apex of median segment
shai'ply abruptly truncate . . M. ducalis, p. 435. E. Enclosed space at base of median segment
reticulate. .
a. Head and thorax brassy gi-een S. lumhpmims, p. 435.
h Head and thorax nigro-ajneous; median
segment black ^. ?-«^oia<ws, p. 436.
c Black, with an obscure greenish tint m
certain Ughts eimtculus, p. 4d6.
d. Entirely black, with a castaneous or chalybeous tint sometimes. «'. Abdomen punctured.
o'-. Median segment reticulate on the sides and apex. Scutellum and postscuteUum
reticulate JST. /wneim, p. 436.
¥. Scutellum and postscuteUum not reticulate, a*. Second abdominal segment
constricted at base S. ciris, p. 436.
V Second abdominal segmentnot
constricted at base E. visknw, p. 437.
Median segment not reticulate at sides and apex, er". Basal abdominal segment gla-
bious salutator, p. 487.
¥. Basal abdominal segment not
glabrous H.buddha,T^.i^t-
HAIICTUS.
423
b'. Abdomen iuipunctato.
a-. Cljpeus with a mediau vertical carina.
«:'. Median segment truncate and
margined at apex H. intricatm, p. 438.
b^. Median segment truncate but not
margined at apex H. reticulatus, p. 438.
b-. Clypeus not carinate.
a'. Basal two abdominal segments
with transverse narrow furrows. H. senescens, p. 438. b^. Basal abdominal segment only
with transverse furrow H. xystomtus, p. 439.
c^. None of the abdominal segments transversely furrowed, a*. Front above base of antennse
striate H. amitimcs, p. 439.
b\ Front striate. aK Median segment vertically
carinate S. rufozonatus, p. 439.
Ifi. Median segmentnotcarinate. fl^. Mesonotum reticulate . . H. liodomus, p. 440. 6". Mesonotum not reticu- late ; punetm'ed. a'. Legs covered with
hoary pubescence . . H. dissimulandus, p. 440. 6^. Legs covered with golden yellow pubes- cence S. serenus, p. 440.
725. Halictus splendidulus, Vachal, Ann. Mus. Civ. Gen. (2*) xiv, 1894, p. 432, $ S.
5 . Head in front closely punctured, opaque and slightly pubes- cent; thorax and abdomen smooth, brilliantly polished and shining ; the mesonotum with fine regular, not very close punctures ; postscutellum covered with a short pubescence ; median segment narrowed posteriorly, the apex transversely truncate and margined above, the space at base with outwardly radiating line striae ; abdomen with the base of the 2nd segment slightly constricted. Dark castaneous brown, nearly black, the legs with a glistening pale golden pubescence ; the bases of segments 2-5 with traces of transverse fasciae, broadest at the sides, of pale pubescence ; wings hyaline and iridescent, nervures and tegulse pale testaceous.
cJ similar, but with the clypeus much produced.
Hah. Karen Hills, Burma. $ . Length 5 ; to^. 9 mm. S slightly smaller.
726. Halictus albescens, Smith, Cat. i, p. 61, ? d"-
Halictus albozonatus, Smith, New Sp. Hym. B. 31. p. 32, 5 •
5 . Head closely and finely, thorax more sparsely punctured ; median segment at the sides and apex and the abdomen smooth, shining; front flatfish, not carinate, elongate; eyes distinctly convergent below ; median segment with the sides compressed, the apex concavo-truncate, with a medial vertical carina ; lunate space at baae restricted, with outwardly divergent striae ; 1st and 2nd
424
APIDJiE,
abdominal segments with a distinct transverse gi'oove across tbe middle. Blacli, tbe abdomen obscurely chalybeous ; tbe face, the sides of tbe thorax, and median segment with thin white pubescence; the postscutellum, a broadly interrupted band at tbe base of tbe 1st abdominal segment, and entire regular transverse bands at the base of segments 2-5 covered with snow-white pubescence ; the legs with pale glittering pubescence, tbe tarsi and anal rima fulvous ; wings hyaline and iridescent, nervures ferruginous.
cj similar, more elongate ; antenna3 rufo-piceous ; the whole tborax and abdomen with a chalybeous tinge.
Hah. Punjab. 5 • Length 9-11 ; eicp. 16-18 mm. S . Length 7 ; exp. 12 mm.
The types of both H. albescens and E. albozonatus are in the British Museum ; the latter was described from a fresh, the former from a faded specimen. I cannot find any structural differences between the two.
727. Halictus tristis, FacM, Ann. Mus. Civ. Gen. (2") xiv, 1894, p. 438, $.
5 . Head and thorax minutely and closely punctured ; abdomen glabrous and shining ; head in front very slightly elongate ; eyes not convergent below ; the face above the clypeus convex, with a medial vertical carina between tbe bases of the antennae ; median segment quadrate, posteriorly truncate and slightly compressed ; a medial vertical carina down the posterior face of the truncated portion, the space at base with outwardly divergent striae. Black ; tbe clypeus and front with sparse, the pronotum, sides of the thorax and median segment, and base of tbe abdomen with thicker white pubescence, the postscutellum covered with the same ; legs with long white pubescence, and transverse bands of white pubes- cence along the bases o? abdominal segments 2-4 ; wings byalme, nervures and teguloB dark brown.
Hah. Karen HiUs, Burma. 2 . Length 7 ; exp. 14 mm.
728. Halictus semiserin-as, Vaclml, Ann. Mus. Civ. Gen. (2*) xiv, 1894, p. 443, $ .
$ . Head densely, thorax more sparsely punctured ; abdomen smooth and shining : face elongate above ; tbe clypeus convex, with a vertical short carina ; median segment truncate posteriorly, the sides and the apex above margined ; the lunate space at base with outwardly divergent strife ; abdomen broadly oval. Black, the mesonotum having an ajneous tint in certam hghts ; the legs covered with pale glittering hah^ ; the tarsi and the anal rima rufo-testaceous ; the postscutellum with dense sordid white pubes- cence ; wings hyaline, slightly dusky, nervures testaceous.
Hab. Karen Hills, Burma. $ . Length 5 ;. e.vp. 11 mm.
729 Halictus catuUus, Vachal, Ann. Mus. Civ. Gen. (2") xiv, 1894, p.437, ?.
5 . Head and tborax densely and finely punctui-ed ; abdomen
HAMCTUS,
425
smoolh, the basal segment polished, the apical segments witli close, minute, superficial punctures ; head distinctly narrowed, and eyes convergent below, front not carinate ; median segment truncate posteriorly, the sides rounded ; the lunate space at base with coarse outwardly divergent stria. Blade, the head and thorax with an obscure cbalybeous, the abdomen with a chestnut-brown tint ; the clypeus and front, the cheeks and sides of the thorax, and median segment with soft greyish tomentum, the postscutellum densely covered with the same ; the legs with long pale pubescence, turning yellowish on the tarsi ; a spot on each side at the base of the 1st abdominal segment, and transverse bands at the bases of segments 2-5 of greyish pubescence; wings hyaline with a brownish tint, nervures and tegulte pale testaceous.
cS similar, more slender; the median segment compressed posterioi'ly and narrowed ; the margins of the abdominal segments constricted ; the apex of the clypeus, the tibiae and tarsi of the anterior legs and the apex of the femora, the base and apex of the tibife, and the tarsi of the intermediate and posterior legs testaceous white.
Hab. Upper and Lower Burma in the plains ; Tenasserim. $ . Length 5-6; exji. 10 mm. cJ. Length 7; exp. 11 mm.
730. Halictus tardus, Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. xli, 1897.
cJ . Head and the abdomen at the base of the segments above very closely and minutely punctured ; mesonotum and scutellum smooth, shining, with a few scattered small punctures ; median segment abruptly truncate at apex, punctured on the sides, with the enclosed space at base obliquely striate ; abdomen broad, the base and apex of segments 2-5 slightly consti-icted ; whole head, thorax, and abdomen with a soft thin pubescence, denser on the face in front and forming transverse bands at the base of segments 2-4 of the abdomen. Shining brownish black, the pubescence greyish white ; wings hyaline, nervures dark brown, tegulte black.
Hab. Mussooree. d . Length 9 ; 18 mm. Type in coll. Eothney.
731. Halictus dasygaster. (PI. Ill, fig. 7.)
Vachal, Ann. Mus. av. Gen. (2^) xiv, 1894, p. 435, ? .
5 . Head, thorax, and abdomen shining, finely, regularly, and somewhat closely punctured, the punctures rather shallow and finer at the base of the abdominal segments ; head neax'ly trans- verse, not much elongated ; clypeus very slightly convex ; eyes not or barely convergent below ; mesonotum broad, slightly convex ; median segment roundly steep posteriorly, the lunate space at base with outwardly divergent strise ; abdomen with a subapical transversely impressed line on the basal two segments. Black ; the clypeus and front, a line on the pronotum broadening at the sides, the sides of the thorax and of the median segment with hoary pubescence ; the postscutellum and transverse bands at the base of abdominal segments 2-4 with yellowish pubescence, the
426
APIDiE.
pubescence on the legs faintly golden, on the underside of the tibiaj white ; anal rima testaceous ; wings hyaline, nervures piceous.
Hah. Karen Hills, Burma ; Tenasserim generally. $ . Length 8-9 ; exp. 18 mm.
732. Halictus alphenus, Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. xli, 1897.
cJ . Head and thorax sparsely punctured ; abdomen impunctate, smooth and shining, except the apical two segments which are pubescent; the clypeus and scape of the anteniicB, the back of the head, pi-onotum, sides of Ihe thorax and median segment, the postscutellum and legs covered with a soft thin pubescence, long in some places, as on the scape of the antennae ; the enclosed space at the base of the median segment concave, obscurely obliquely striolate, the striss very short, not reaching the posterior margins of the enclosed space. Head and thorax dark obscure blue ; tlie antennae and the abdomen black ; the trochanters, femora, tibiae, and tarsi of the legs castaneous ; wings hyaline, nervures and tegulae dark testaceous brown. Hab. Mussooree. J. Length 7; exjo. 13 mm.
733. Halictus grandiceps, Cam. ilfem. Manch. L. Fh. Soc xli, 1897.
2- Closely allied to If. j^roinnquus {ip. 430) : differs in being larger and more stoutly built, with comparatively a larger head ; the median segment is proportionally smaller than in if. propinquus and has the apex more truncate, the enclosed space at the base is narrower and much more finely punctured, the punctures running into oblique striae. Like //. fropinquus it is of a bronze-green colour, with white pubescent transverse fasciae on the apical mar- gins of segments 1-5, the apical segment with thick fulvous-white pubescence ou each side of the anal rima ; mngs hyahne, saturated with yellowish towards the base, nervures and tegulae testaceous.
Hah. Mussooree. $ . Length 9-10 ; exp. 18 mm. Type in coll. Eothney.
734. Halictus vachalii, nom. nov.
Nomioides feai, Vachal, Ann. Mus. Civ. Gen. (2') xiv, p. 447, $ {nec Halictus feai, t. c. p. 440).
5 . Head, thorax, and abdomen having an opaque appearance from the very minute and close puncturing; head transverse; clypeus much "broader than long ; the antennas inserted low down on the face ; median segment rounded at the sides, truncate at apex, with a broad basal area above finely and obliquely striate and rugose. Black, the head and the mesonotum with a brilliant metallic green lustre ; the mandibles, labrum, clypeus, scape of the antennffi in front, the prouotum, the tubercles, tegulae, post- scutellum, and the apical margin of the 1st abdominal segment yellow ; the legs black variegated with yello\^', the anterior tibise and tarsi entirely yellow; the apical margins of abdominal segments 2-5 piceous above, the legs and the apical tlii-ee segments with sordid white pubescence ; wings hyalme and iridescent.
HALIOTTTS.
427
cJ (?) similar, smaller and slighter, the head narrower; the clypeus strongly convex, subtriaugular, anteriorly transverse ; the median segment longer, the space at base above slightly concave and very linely obliquely striate. Black, the head and mesonotum with an obscure metallic bluish-green lustre; the labrum, man- dibles, clypeus, scape o£ the antennte in front, pronotum, tu- • bercles, the postscutellum, the apices of the femora, the tibiae and tarsi of all the legs, and broad transverse bands on the apical margins of the basal three abdominal segments yellow ; the flagellum of the antennae deep reddish brown, the posterior tibise with a nigro-rufous stain near the apex above ; wings hyaline and iridescent.
Hah. Thagata {L. Fea); Attaran Valley {Bingham), Tenasserim. 5 . Length 3-7-4 ; exp. 7 mm. c? • Length 4 ; exp. 7 mm.
735. Halictus discursus, Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. xli, 1897.
5 . Head, thorax, and abdomen smooth, brilliantly polished and shining ; the legs thickly pubescent ; the mesonotum anteriorly with a wide shallow longitudinal furrow having a carina down its middle ; scutellum longitudinally furrowed ; median segment with the enclosed space at base above transversely striate ; the clypeus and the apical two segments of the abdomen thinly pubescent. Dark shining green, the pubescence fulvous white ; the tibise and tarsi of the legs pale testaceous yellow ; wings hyaline, nervures and tegulse pale testaceous.
Hab. Mussooree, Northern India. $ . Length 4 ; exp. 9 mm. Type in coll. Eothney.
736. Halictus pulchriventris, Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. xli,
1897.
2 . Head, thorax, and abdomen very finely and closely punc- tured ; the face in front below the anterior ocellus, the cheeks and occiput, a line on the pronotum down to the tubercles, the lateral and posterior margins of the mesonotum, the postscutellum, the median segment except on the semicircular enclosed space at base, the legs, the base of the abdomen, and transverse bands on the posterior margins of the segments, more or less densely pubescent ; median segment short, posteriorly rounded, the enclosed space at base rugose ; abdomen with the base of the 2nd segment strongly and of the other segments slightly constricted. Black ; the pubescence yellow ; the antennae reddish brown, the 2nd joint of the flagellum beneath, the underside of the tibiae, and the tarsi testaceous yellow ; wings light flavo-hyaline, the apical margins broadly fuscous, nervures and tegulae testaceous.
c? similar, but with the basal segment of the abdomen narrowed at its base, almost petiolate ; the wings with scarcely any tint of yellow, and the legs of a lighter colour.
Mab. Mussooree, Northern India ; Karennee, Tenasserim. 5 . Length 10 ; exp. 21 mm. (S . Length 9-10 ; exp. 21 mm. Type ( d ) in coll. Eothney.
428
APIDJE.
737. Halictus proteus, Vachal, Arm. Mm. Civ. Gen. (2*) xiv, 1894, p. 438, ? d (?).
5 . Head, thorax, and abdomen very minutely and closely punctured, the punctures on the basal abdominal segment some- what sparser, the segment highly polished, glabrous ; head trans- verse, the front slightly elongate, flat, an iiDpressed vertical line from the anterior ocellus to between the bases of the antennae ; median segment truncate posteriorly, the sides convergent, margined above, the lunate space at base rugose. Blaclr, with an obscui'e greenish tint in certain lights, the pubescence very pale fulvous ; the clypeus and front, the pronotum and sides of the thorax sparsely pubescent, the postscutellum and transverse bands at the base of abdominal segments 2-4 covered with dense pubescence ; legs with a long soft covering of pale glittei'ing pubescence ; anal rima testaceous ; wings hyaline, uervures and tegulse testaceous.
d (?). The face densely covered with fulvous pubescence ; the apical half of each femur, the tibiae and tarsi, and the apex of the clypeus yellow ; the base of segments 2-4 of the abdomen with lateral maculas of fulvous pubescence ; the wings hyaline and vividly iridescent, nervures and tegulse testaceous.
Hab. Tenasserim. $ . Length 7 ; 12 mm. S • Length 7*5 ; ex^. 13 mm.
738. Halictus subopacus, Smith, Cat. i, p. 63, 5 .
§ . Head, thorax, and abdomen densely and finely punctured,
granular in appearance and opaque ; head in front elongate, front not cariuate, eyes distinctly convergent below ; clypeus very convex, its anterior margin ti-ans- verse and with some coarse punc- tm-es ; median segment roundly steep at the sides, truncate in the middle posteriorly, the space ■ Halictus'subopacus, ?. ?. at base rugose. Black ; the sides
of the thorax, the sides and apex of the median segment, and the upper half of the legs with pale fulvous pubescence ; the tibiae and tarsi with rich golden fulvous pubescence, the base of the abdomen and the base of segments 2-4 with fulvous-white pubescence ; aual rima fulvous ; wings pale flavo-hyaline, nervures and tegulaa testaceous.
Hah. Sikhim ; Upper Burma ; China. $ . Length 10-11 ; e.iy. 20 mm.
739. Halictus taprobanse, Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc xli, 1897.
d . Closely allied to and resembling H. gari-ulus (p. 434) : differs in having the vertex of the head flatter above ; the thorax longer, not so compact, the enclosed space at the base of the median
HALICTUS.
429
segment not pubescent, coarsely longitudinally striate, the striae in the midcUe not reaching the apox of the enclosed space ; the abdomen is longer and not so broad ; the wings are slightly fuscous at the apical margins, and though the tibias and tarsi, as in H. garru- lus, are for the most part testaceous, the basal joint of the tarsi is conspicuously white. .
Bah. Ceyion. <S • Length 6; exp. 13 mm. Type in coll.
Eothney.
740. Halictus lucidiusculus, Vachal, Ann. Mm. Civ. Gen. (2°) xiv, 1894, p. 441, ? d .
$. Head, thorax, and abdomen shining, extremely minutely punctured, the punctures sparse but regular ; face slightly elongate ; the front above the clypeus convex, medially carinate, the carina not extending much above the base of the antennae ; the median segment roundly steep and vertical at the sides and posteriorly, the base above concave and finely longitudinally rugose. Jet- black, almost without pubescence, the three or foiu- apical abdo- minal segments with decumbent sparse hairs ; legs with dense light brown pubescence ; anal rima brownish testaceous ; wings dusky hyaline, nervures piceous.
cj very similar, elongate, the base of the abdomen obscurely piceous, the tarsi testaceous.
Hah. Karen Hills, Burma. $. Length 6; exp. 12 mm. S . Length 6-5 ; exp. 12-5 mm.
*741. Halictus agrestis, Smith, Cat. i, p. 61, $ ; Doll. Torr. Cat. x, p. 52.
$ . " Length 3 lines (= about 7 mm.). Black ; head above the insertion of the antennae closely and finely punctured ; the clypeus produced, shining, having a few deep punctures on each side ; the face is roughly sculptured, the antennae beneath testaceous. The disk of the thorax strongly punctured ; at the base of the metathorax (i. e. median segment) is a narrow arched space which is longitu- dinally rugose, reaching on each side nearly to the base of the hind wings, the sides of the metathorax (median segment) have a longi- tudinal ridge ; wings hyaline, nervures ferruginous, stigma palest ; abdomen very finely punctured and very highly polished at the base, the following segments covered with a short griseous pubescence more or less obliterated on the 2nd segment.
" Hah. Northern India (coll. J. S. Baly, Esq.)."
742. Halictus timidus, Smith, Neiv Sp. Eym. B. M. p. 31, $ ?
d . Head finely longitudinally striate in front, thorax sparsely punctured, abdomen im punctate ; head orbicular, clypeus not much produced ; front very broad, flattish, with a short indistinct carina above the base of the antennae ; eyes very slightly convergent below ; median segment roundly steep, convex posteriorly, com- pressed at apex, not vertical ; lunate space at base small, longi- tudinally striate ; basal two abdominal segments with a faint but
II
430
quite discernible transverse impressed line. Head and tliorax black ; legs and abdomen rufo-testaceous, the apical five segments of tlie latter shading into fuscous brown towards the apex ; head, pro- notum, sides of the thorax, legs, apical five abdominal segments above, and all the ventral segments covered with pale glittering hairs ; postscutellum densely pubescent ; wings hyaline and iri- descent, nervures and tegulse rufo-testaceous. Hab. Ceylon {Smith). Length 6 ; exjo, 10 mm.
743. Halictus gutturosus, Vachal, Ann. Mm. Civ. Gen. (2») xiv, 1894,
p. 439, cJ .
S . Head and thorax finely but not closely punctured, shining ; abdomen smooth, the basal segment highly polished ; head slightly elongate in front, the eyes very sHghtly convergent below ; median segment roundly truncate posteriorly, the lunate space at base small, rugose. Black, with an obscure chalybeous tint in certain lights ; the clypeus and front, the pronotum, sides of the thorax, and the abdomen beneath covered with a thin, the postscutellum with a dense greyish-white pubescence ; wings hyaline, iridescent, nervures piceous.
Hah. Bhamo, Upper Burma. 6 • Length 6-5 ; exp. 12 mm.
744. Halictus propinquus, Smith, Cat. i, p. 60, cj . Halictus alexis, Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soo. xli, 1897.
$ . Head, thorax, and abdomen very finely and densely punc- tured, covered sparingly with a thin soft pubescence, more dense on the sides of the face in front and sides of the median segment and forming more or less conspicuous bands on the apical margins of the abdominal segments ; median segment with the enclosed semicircular depressed space at base longitudinally rugose; abdomen with the 2nd segment constricted at base. Bright bronzy-green, the pubescence hoary, the apex of the clypeus black, the apical 7-8 ioints of the flagellum of the antennas fulvous, the tibiae and tarsi of the legs yellow, the intermediate and posterior tibiae with a greenish stain above ; wings hyaline, iridescent, the nervures and tegulsB Hght testaceous yellow. „ , , ,
cJ similar, but smaller and slighter; segments 2-4 of the abdomen constricted, the head more densely pubescent, the apex of the
clypeus yellow. ^ , „ . „ r «
Hah. Mussooree. $ . Length 7 ; exp. 12 mm. d • Length 6 ;
ex23. 11 mm.
745. Halictus vernalis, Smith, New Sp. Hym. B. M. p. 30, $ .
9 Head and thorax shining, punctured, with the punctures running into irregular striae, abdomen smooth ; head orbicular, eves not convergent below; clypeus slightly produced, xvith a few large punctures at apex; front not carmated; median segment rounded posteriorly and at the sides, smooth and shining, the lunate space at base finely longitudinally striate ; abdomen comparatively large, broad and massive. Bright metalhc blue, the apex of the clypeus and the abdomen with purple tuits; the apex of the latter,
HALlOTtrS.
431
the anal rima, the tibiso and tarsi pubescent, testaceous ; wings hyaline and iridescent, nerviires and tegulro testaceous, similar, slighter, the clypeus more produced. Hah. Ceylon ; Tenasserim". ? . Length 5-5 ; 10 mm. c? slightly smaller.
746. Halictus buccinus, Vachal, Ann. Mus. Civ. Gen. (2") xiv, 1894,
p. 443, d ■
d . Head and thorax very minutely granular, opaque, abdomen smooth and shining; head orbicular, slightly produced below, eyes strongly convergent beneath ; front not carinate ; median segment roundly steep posteriorly and at the sides, compressed, the space at base above very finely and closely punctui-ed ; abdomen elongate, the base of the 2nd segment strongly depressed. Metallic green ; legs with the apex of the tibite and tarsi testaceous ; the abdomen black, with a purple tint in certain lights ; wings hyahne, nerviu'es piceous.
Hah. Karen Hills, Burma. J • LengtJi 4-5 ; exp. 10 mm. This, as Vachal himself suggests, may be the male of H.fraternus, Smith, described from Makassar.
747. Halictus vicmus, Vachal, Ann. Mus. Civ. Oen. (2") xiv, 1894,
p. 431, ?.
2 . Head quadrate beneath, slightly narrowed ; clypeus barely prominent, its anterior margin transverse and fringed with stiff hairs ; head, thorax, and abdomen minutely and closely punctured, the pimctures on the clypeus larger and wider apart; median segment roundly truncate posteriorly, the enclosed space at base lunate, shghtly concave, densely punctured, the punctures with a tendency to form radiating strise; abdomen massive and broad. Dull ajneous green, the head and face with thin, the legs with dense fulvous pubescence ; abdomen with the base of segments 2-5 having transverse bands, broad at the sides, sub-interrupted in the middle, of similar pubescence ; 6th segment with the sides of the rima covered with thick fulvous pubescence ; wings hyaline, nervures testaceous, tegulffi brownish.
Hah. Bhamo, Upper Burma. $ . ien^^i^ nearly 8 ; exp. 15 mm.
748. Halictus spodiozonius, Vachal, Ann. Mus. Civ. Gen. (2») xiv,
1894, p. 432, ? .
2 . Head in front thickly studded with short hairs and closely punctured; thorax shining, punctured, the punctures on the mesonotum fine and rather sparse ; abdomen broad, massive and smooth ; clypeus rather coarsely punctured, its anterior margin transverse and fringed with hau-s ; postscutellum covered with close and thick, the pleurae with somewhat less dense pubescence ; median segment roundly truncate, the space at base above narrow, slightly concave, rugosely punctate ; abdomen with the apical margins of the basal four segments broadly depressed, the anterior margin of the depressed border waved, the posterior margin with a subapical rather broad band of thin short pubescence. Black, the
432
pubescence sordid white, on the posterior legs fulvous ; wings fusco-hyaline, nervures and tegula3 castaneous brown. Hab. Karen Hills. ? . Length 8 ; ea;£. 15 mm.
749. Halictus cameronii, nom. nov.
liiilictus decorua, Cam. {nec Walk.) Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. xli, 1897.
5 . Head and thorax thinly pubescent, finely punctured ; abdo- men impuuctate, with a thin fine pubescence, especially on the apical segments ; median segment short, the enclosed semicircular space at base punctured, the apex truncate, slightly rugose, with an obscure abbreviated vertical carina ; abdomen broad, subcordate, the basal segments smooth and polished. Black, the basal three segments of the abdomen red, legs dark fuscous red ; antennae fulvous at apex below ; pubescence on the head, thorax, and abdomen glittering white ; wings hyaline, nervures brown, tegulae light testaceous.
Eah. Mussooree. ? . Length 5 ; ecop. 11 mm.
*750. Halictus xanthognathus, Smith, Cat. i, p. 62, S ; Dall. Torr. Cat. X, p. 91.
" cJ . Length 31 lines (=about 8 mm.). Head and thorax black, very closely and moderately punctui-ed, the face thickly covered with short white pubescence ; the apex of the clypeus, the labrum, mandibles, palpi, and flagellum beneath yellow ; the tubercles, tegulte, tibiae, and tarsi yellow ; the posterior and intermediate tibia3 have a ferruginous stain in front ; wings subhyaline, nervures pale ferruginous ; the three basal segments of the abdomen red : the 1st segment is black at the sides of the extreme base, and has two fuscous spots above ; the 2nd and 3rd segments at the sides have a black spot ; the 4th and following segments black, the apical margins pale testaceous, each successive one more broadly so.
" Hah. Northern India (coll. J. S. Baly)."
Unknown to me, but, to judge by the description, closely resem- bling some species of Nomia.
751. Halictus wroughtom. Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. xli, 1897. 5 . Head, thorax, and basal segment of abdomen pubescent, the back of the head and thorax densely so, the pubescence on the head short, on the thorax and basal segment of the abdomen soft and long ; head, where the surface is visible under the pubescence, sparsely, and the thorax more closely punctured ; base of the median seg- ment finely punctured, abdomen with the basal segments glabrous. Black ; the apex of Fig. 136. the clypeus, the apical joints of the tarsi, and
Halictus wrovghioni, the posterior margins of abdominal segments 6- f- 1-4 whitish with a testaceous tinge; basal
segment and basal half of the 2nd segment of the abdomen red ;
HALICTU8.
433
leo-3 except at the apex black, with dense white pubescsnce ; wings hyaline, nervures and tegiihiB testaceous.
Hah. Bengal ; Burma ; Tenasserim. ? . Length 8-9 ; exp. 19 mm. Type in coll. Wroughton.
752. Halictus invidua, Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. xli, 1897.
c? . Head and thorax densely and coarsely, abdomen more finely and as closely punctured, the margins of the segments impunctate, smooth and highly polished ; the face in front thickly, the thorax and abdomen thinly pubescent; median segment posteriorly above shining, the enclosed semicircular space at base cribrate ; abdomen subcordate, broad, slightly vertically compressed. Black, the apical ioints of the tarsi pale testaceous, the apical third of the 1st and the whole of the 2nd abdominal segment rufo-fuscous ; wings hyaline, broadly but lightly fuscescent on the apical margin, nervures and tegulae testaceous.
Hah. Mussooree. d • Length 7 ; exp. 14 mm. Type in coll. Eothney.
753. Halictus feai, Vachal, Ann. Mus. Civ. Gen. (2') xiv, 1894, p. 440,
5 . Head and thorax finely and very closely punctured, the punctures sparser and larger on the clypeus ; base of the abdomen smooth, shining, impunctate, the rest very minutely and somewhat closely punctured ; clypeus convex ; front slightly concave, with a medial fine vertical carina ; median segment truncate posteriorly, the sides roimded, the face of the truncation smooth, the rest of the segment coarsely cribrate, the apical margin of the 1st abdo- minal segment very slightly constricted. J et-black, very slightly pubescent, the pubescence whitish on the clypeus and front, the sides of the thorax, and along the apical margin of the basal two segments of the abdomen, turning to golden ferruginous on the 3rd and following segments ; postscutellum bare, punctured ; leo-s with pale glittering pubescence ; anal rima black, fringed with golden ferruginous pile ; vdngs fusco-hyaline, vividly iridescent.
J similar, elongate ; the eyes obsoletely emarginate on the inner orbits, strongly convergent below ; the apical margins of abdominal segments 1-5 slightly constricted ; the clypeus with its apical margin broadly orange, the apical half of the wings fuscous with a purple and iridescent effulgence.
Hah. Karen Hills, Burma. $ . Length 8-5 ; exp. 20 mm. cj . Length 9 ; exp. 22 mm.
*754. Halictus fimbriatus, Smith, Cat. i, p. 63, c? •
" c? . Length 5 lines (10 mm.). Black, distinctly and not very closely punctured ; the clypeus much produced and coarsely punc- tured ; antenuEB as long as the head and thorax, the joints sub- arcuate, rufo-piceous beneath. The sides of the thorax and beneath covered with long white pubescence ; the legs have a clothing of
434
similar but shorter pubescence ; the anterior tibia? in front, the intermediate pair at their apex beneath, and the claw-joint of the tarsi lerruginous ; wings subhyaliue, the apical margins clouded, uervures ferruginous. Abdomen elongate, the apical margins of the segments have a fringe of white pubescence, more or less interrupted in the middle ; the apical segment has laterally a tuft of fuscous pubescence ; beneath, all the margins fringed with short while pubescence.
" Hah. Northern India (coll. J. 8. Baly, Esq.)."
755. Halictus garnilns, Cam. Mem. Mannh. L. Fh. Soc. xli, 1897.
cJ . Head and thorax finely and closely, and abdomen sparsely punctured, the clypeus and front of the face densely and the thorax more sparsely pubescent ; abdomen with the posterior margins of segments 1-6 with a transverse pubescent baud (in the tvpe more or less completely abraded) ; the head from the front almost circular ; the thorax very compact, globular, the enclosed space at the base of the median segment pubescent, coarsely punc- tured. Black, the pubescence white with a fulvous tint, the flagellum of the antennse beneath castaneous, the tibiae and tarsi and the posterior margins of the abdominal segments under the pubescent bands testaceous ; wings hyaline, nervures and teguls pale testaceous.
Eab. Mussooree. J • Length 7 ; exp. 14 mm. Type in coll. Eothney.
756. Halictus constrictus, Smith, Cat. i, p. 63, d •
. Head, thorax, and abdomen very closely and finely punctured, on the scutellum the punctures are somewhat sparse, and ou the abdomen very shallow; head in front elongate; clypeus much produced, truncate anteriorly ; eyes wide apart, the inner orbits nearly parallel ; front not carinate ; antenna massive, as long as head and thorax united ; median segment roundly truncate poste- riorly, the lunate concavity as well as the sides punctured, with a granular appearance ; abdomen elongate, longer than the head and thorax united. Black, the pubescence on the head and thorax white, tinged with fulvous, on the legs pale and glittering ; the tibiffl and tarsi of the anterior, and the apices of the tibije and tarsi of the intermediate and posterior legs fulvo-ferruginous ; the base of abdominal segments 2-5 with narrow transverse bands of vvhite pubescence ; wings broad and ample, hyaline and iridescent, nervures and tegulBB dark testaceous.
Hab. Northern India (SmitJi). 6 . Length 7-8 ; ewj). 20 mm.
757. Halictus fimbriatellus, Vachal, Ann. Mus. Civ. Gen. (2') xiv, 1894, p. 429, ? .
9 Head and thorax minutely and somewhat closely, abdomen more sparsely punctured, the basal segment smooth and shming ;
HALICTUS.
435
clypeus lightly convex, elougate, iinteriorly fringed with stiffish hairs ; postscutellum densely pubescent ; median segmeut rouudly truncate at apex above, slightly concave, finely rugose, punctate with a granular appearance. Dark castaneous brown, the tegulaa and posterior margins of the segments paler, the latter lightly fringed with whitish down, the pubescence on the postscutellum fulvous, on the clypeus and face sparse and white ; wings hyaline, uervures and stigma testaceous.
Hah. Karen Hills, Burma; Teuasserim. Length 6; exp. 12 mm.
758. Halictus ducalis.
Halictus amoeims, Binc/h. {nec Spin.) P. Z. S. 1896, p. 451, $ .
2 . The head, thorax, and abdomen (except its basal segment) at the bases of the segments finely and closely punctured ; clypeus broad, anteriorly fringed with long stiff hairs ; the antennal carina well- marked; mesonotum marked with a short longitudinaUy-im pressed line on each side close to the tegulffi; median segment compressed at the sides, truncate posteriorly, the space at base closely punctured ; basal segment of Fig. 137. abdomen entirely, and the margins of the
Halictus ducalis, 2. I. others broadly glabrous. Black; the head, mesonotum, and basal abdominal segment piceous ; the head and thorax covered with a thin fulvous pubes- cence ; the legs testaceous brown, covered with a rich fulvous glisten- ing pubescence ; the anal rima testaceous ; the wings sordid hyaUue, tegulse and nervures testaceous brown. ' Hah. Sikhim ; Ceylon ; Tenasserim. $ . Length 8 ; ex2}. 14 mm.
*759. Halictus lucidipennis, Smith, Cat. 1, p. 62, § .
"?. Length 2| lines (4-5 mm.). Brassy green, head and thorax closely and finely punctured, antennae wanting; the face covered with short white pubescence, and the clypeus ciliated with white hairs. Thorax — the postscutellum covered wiih a short downy white pubescence, on the sides it is longer but of the same colour, the enclosed space at the base of the metathorax finely reticulate, the sides smooth and shining ; wings clear hyaline and beautifully iridescent, nervures and tegulas very pale testaceous • legs rufo-testaceous, the anterior tibia and the intermediate and posterior tarsi pale rufo-testaceous, their pubescence white. Abdomen ovate, finely punctured, the apical margins narrowly testaceous and having pale marginal fascia) ; the anal rima sho-htly fulvous ; beneath testaceous. °
" d . Sculptured and coloured as in the female ; the antenniB pale fulvous, about the length of the head and thorax, fuscous above; all the tibiae pale and the margins of the abdominal segments much depressed.
" Hah. Northern India (coll. J. S. Baly, Esq.)."
2f2
436
*7G0. Halictus rugolatns, Smith, Cat. i, p. G2, $.
" 5 . Length 3.f lines (7-5 mm.)- The head and disk of the thorax nigro-a3neous, the metathorax black ; head closely and finely punctured; the clypeas black, shining and irregularly deeply punctured. Thorax more strongly punctured than the head, the metathorax truncate and roughly sculptured, the sides and beneath rugose ; the tibia3 and tarsi above clotlied with pale fulvous pubes- cence, that beneath is deeper in colour; the wings subhyaline, iridescent, the nervin-es rufo-testaceous. Abdomen elongate-ovate, the basal segment very smooth and shining, the rest delicately punctured, the apical margins smooth, shining, and rufo-testa- ceous ; at the basal margins of the second and third segments laterally a patch of white pubescence, on the fourth a more or less interrupted fascia ; the apex covered with fulvous pubescence. « Hah. Northern India (coll. W. W. Saunders, Esq.)."
761 Halictus cuniculus, Vachal, Ann. Mus. Civ. Gen. (2") xiv, 1894, p. 437, ?.
9 . Head and thorax finely and closely punctured, the abdomen smooth and shining, with minute shallow punctures on the apical segments ; head shghtly narrowed, and eyes slightly convergent below • front with a very short medial vertical carma below the anterior ocellus ; median segment truncate posteriorly, the sides obliquely convergent, the space at base coarsely reticulate and margined ; abdomen short and broadly oval. Black, with an obscure greenish tint in certain lights ; the clypeus and front, the cheeks pronotum, sides of the thorax, postscutellum, and legs covered with a more or less dense hoary pubescence, the 2nd and 3rd abdominal segments with a spot on each side and an obscure fimbria on the margins of the segments of white pubescence ; anal rima black; wings hyaline and iridescent, nennires and tegulse pale testaceous.
Hah. Tenasserim. 2 • Lengtli 6 ; c.iy. 11 mm.
762. Halictus fuuebris, Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. xli, 1897.
A Head and thorax finely and closely and the abdomen more minutely punctured; median segment short, truncate at apex, bounded at the sides, the enclosed space at its base the scuteUum, Ind postscutellum reticulate; abdomen long broadening towards Jheanex- head, thorax above and on the sides somewhat thickly mibescent. Jet-black and shining, the pubescence fuscous ; wmgs hvalioe the nervures and tegid^ dark brownish black.
J[S: Mussooree, Northern India. 6 . Length 9 ; 18 mm. Type in coll. Eothney.
763 Halictus ciris, Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. xli, 1897.
^ Held thorax, and abdomen minutely and closely punctured ; median segment ^vilh the enclosed space at base, the sides pos- rerforly, and the apex reticulate; abdomen with the base of the
HALICTUS.
437
2ad segment strongly constricted. Jet-black and shining; the apex of the clypeus, the labrum, palpi, apices of the femora, the tibiiB and tarsi testaceous, the tibia with a brownish stain an- teriorly; the flagellum of the antenna fulvous beneath; wings hyaline and iridescent, nervures and tegula pale testaceous.
Bab. Barrackpore, Bengal, d . Lengih 5 ; exjp. 9 mm. Type in coll. Eothney.
764. Halictus vishnu, Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. xli, 1897.
(J . Head, thorax, and abdomen minutely punctured, the last with the posterior margins of the segments smooth and impunc- tate ; the head in front, the apex of the median segment, and the abdomen pubescent, the pubescence forming slight transverse bands at the bases of the 2ud and 3rd abdominal segments ; the enclosed space at the base of the median segment and the apex with coarse widely-spaced reticulations. Black, the apex of the clypeus, the tibiaj and tarsi, and the nervures and tegulas of the wing pale testaceous ; wings hyaline and iridescent.
Hah. Mussooree. 6. Length 4; exp. 7 mm. Type in coll. Bothney.
765. Halictus salutator, Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. xli, 1897.
$ c?. Head, thorax, and abdomen very minutely and closely punctured and covered with a thin soft short pubescence, the punc- tures on the front and vertex of the head runidng into longitudinal stria ; the pubescence on the abdomen more sparse than on the head and thorax, and confined chiefly to the apical three segments ; median segment concave above, the enclosed space at base finely reticulate, the basal segment of the abdomen glabrous. Black, the pubescence whitish, fuscous on the upper part of the face and on the postscutellum ; legs with the tarsi whitish, the posterior margins of segments 1-4 narrowly testaceous ; vrings hyaline and shghtiy iridescent, nervures and tegulae dark brown.
(S slightly smaller, with a comparatively longer head.
Hah. Mussooree. $ . Length 8 ; exp. 17 mm. Type in coll. Eothney.
766. Halictus bixddha, Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. xli, 1897.
cJ . Eesembles H. salutator, but is smaller, the head and thorax are more closely punctured, giving the parts an opaque look, the basal segment of the abdomen is not glabrous, and the posterior margins of the segments are strongly constricted. In colour it agrees with H. salutator in having the base of the tibiae and the entire tarsi white, but the anterior tibiae are entirely white and the intermediate tibiae white on the underside ; the apex of the clypeus is testaceous yellow, the flagellum of the antenna beneath fulvous, and the posterior margins of the abdominal segments are black, not testaceous.
Hab. Mussooree. cJ. Length 5; exp. 10 mm. Type in coll. Eothney.
438
767. Halictus intricatus, Vuchal, Ann. Mus. Civ. Gen. (2*) xiv, 1894,
p. 433, $.
$ . Head finely and very closely, thorax much more coarsely punctured, abdomen shining impunctate ; clypeus and front pubes- cent; a distinct, media], vertical, short carina on the latter; median segment rounded at the sides, abruptly truncate and margined above, the basal area coarsely reticulate above, the sides smooth ; the apical margin of the basal abdominal segment constricted. Elack or dark chalybeous brown, the pubescence hoary white, thin and soft on the face, dense on the postscutellum and legs ; ab- domen with transverse bands at the bases of the 2nd and 3rd segments of hoary white pubescence, the band on the 2nd segment very fine and narrow in the middle, broadening considerably at the sides, that on the 3rd segment evenly wide at the sides and the middle ; tarsi of the legs testaceous ; wings hyahne, nervures piceoua.
ITab. Palon (Feu) ; Pegu Hills, Burma ; Tenasserim. 5 . Length 6-7*5 ; exp. 12 mm.
768. Halictus reticulatus, Vachal, Ann. Mus. Civ. Gen. (2") xiv,
1894, p. 434, ? cJ. 5 . Closely resembling H. intricatus : the head is broader below, the mesonotum more finely punctured, the upper basal portion of the median segment broader and not margined, the apex not so abruptly truncate, the pubescence is more fulvous, and the trans- verse bands at the base of abdominal segments 2-4 less clearly defined.
c? . The head scarcely as wide proportionately as in the 2 > the antenuffi shorter, the mesonotum more finely punctured, the posterior legs stouter, with the tibiae beneath produced slightly into an angle.
Hal. Karen Hills ; Momeit, Upper Burma. $ . Lengtli 6-5 ; exp. 13 mm. S . Length 5 ; e.vp. 12 mm.
769. Halictus senescens, Smithy New Sp. Hym. B. M. p. 30, 5-
5 . Head and thorax sparsely punctured ; abdomen smooth and somewhat shining; head transverse, flat in front; eyes distinctly convergent beneath; clypeus slightly convex at base, front without a carina : median segment rounded at the apex, the sides vertical, the lunate flat space at base reticulate ; 1st and 2nd abdominal segments with a medial, transverse, shght but distuict furrow above. Black or chalybeous brown; the clypeus, front, and back of the head, sides of the thorax, legs, base of the abdomen, and the ventral segments thinly covered with hoary pubescence ; the post- scutellum and transverse bands, broadest laterally, at the bases of the abdominal segments 2-4 clothed with dense white pubescence ; tarsi and apical two segments, with the anal rima, testaceous ; wings hyaline and iridescent, nervures and tegulje piceous.
Lfab. Bombay ; Allahabad ; Sikhim ; Burma. $ . Length B-B-o ; exp. 14-15 mm.
HALICTUS. •439
770. Halictus xystonotus, Vachal, Ann. Mus. Civ. Gen. (2') xiv,
1894, p. 436, 2 .
9 Head, thorax, and abdomen glabrous, with a very few scattered punctures; head broad, front slightly concave not carinate, the punctures on it closer and finer ; eyes not convergent below ; niesonotum broad, convex, bearing a conspicuous medial hne longitudinally-impressed line and another short parallel line on each side; median segment truncate posteriorly, the sides rounded, the lunate space at base coarsely reticulate, the basal segment only with a transverse subapical impressed hne. Black, shining, the sides of the pronotum and the postscutellum covered densely with fulvous pubescence; legs with black pubescence above and ferru- gbious beneath ; abdomen with a fulvous-yellow pubescent spot on each side of the 2nd and 3rd abdominal segments at base ; anal rima ferruginous; wings hyaline, slightly fuscescent, nervures piceous.
Hah. Palon, near Eangoon, Burma. $ . Length 8; exp. 17 mm.
771. Halictus amitinus, Vachal, Ann. Mus. Civ. Gen. (2*) xiv, 1894,
p. 442, ?.
$ . Head and thorax sparsely, the front above the antennsB more closely punctured, the punctures here running into obhque inwardly dkected strina ; abdomen smooth, shining, and somewhat long and cylmdi'ical ; eyes not convergent below ; face above the clypeus convex ; median segment broadly truncate posteriorly, the sides slightly convergent, the space at base above coarsely reticulate and margined. Black, the sides of the thorax and apex of the mechan segment with sordid white pubescence, the clypeus fringed and the legs densely covered with ferruginoiis pubescence ; the margins of the abdominal segments above densely testaceous, be- neath fringed with ferruginous hau-s; anal rima f ulvo-ferrugiuous ; wings dusky hyaline, nervures piceous.
Hah. Karen Hills, Burma. $ . Lencjili 9 ; exp. 15 mm.
772. Halictus rnfo-zonatus, Vachal, Ann. Mus. Civ. Gen. (2") xiv,
1894, p. 442, $ .
2 . Head above and thorax with fine scattered punctures ; on the front beneath the ocelli the punctures are somewhat closer ; front shghtly elongate, the eyes not convergent beneath ; median segment abruptly truncate posteriorly, the sides as well as the apex above margined, the face of the truncation with a short medial vertical carina, the lunate space at base coarsely reticulate ; abdomen broadly oval, smooth and shining. Black, the apical margins of the basal two abdominal segments broadly rufo-testa- ceous ; the head, thorax, and abdomen covered with a thin and short and the legs with a dense long pale pubescence ; anal rima fulvous ; wings hyaline, slightly fuscescent, nervures and tegulsB pale testaceous.
Hah. Bhamo, Upper Burma. $ . Length 8-5-9 ; exp. 15 mm.
APlDiE.
773. Halictus liodomus, Vachal, Ann. Mus. Civ. Gen. (2") xiv, 1894,
p. -135, $.
2 . Head smooth, sliglitly shining, with only a few scattered punctures ; niesonotum rugose, with shallow fine reticulations ; abdomen smooth, the basal segment highly polished and shiuiug; front nob carinate, ilattish, narrowed inferiorly, the eyes distinctly convei-gent below ; mesonotum broad, barely convex, scutellum slightly prominent; median segment rounded at the sides, truncate posteriorly, the lunate space at base coarsely rugose. Black ; the clypeus, back of the head, sides of the thorax and of the median segment with a thin hoary pubescence ; legs covered with a fuscous brown, the underside of the femora and tibite with a brighter brown pubescence ; abdomen with narrow transverse bands of white pubescence at the base of segments 2-4 ; wings hyaline, slightly fuscescent, nervures dark bi'own.
Hal. Bhamo, Upper Burma ; Karen Hills. § . Length 6-7 ; exp, 13 mm.
774. Halictus dissimulandus, Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. xli,
1897.
J . Head and thorax pubescent, densely punctured ; the median segment short, posteriorly rounded, the apex sharply truncate, the truncation smooth, the enclosed space at the base coarsely reticulate, the stria; diverging outwards ; abdomen smooth and shining. Head and thorax black ; abdomen castaneous, the 1st to the 4th segment above stained with fuscous, the 5th and apical segments above black, the basal segments beneath and the legs dark testaceous brown ; the clypeus densely, the thorax and legs lightly covered with a hoary pubescence ; wings hyahne and iridescent, the nervures and teguloe pale testaceous. Hah. Mussooree. 6- Lewjth 6; e.vp. 12 mm.
775. Halictus serenus, Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. xli, 1897.
S . Head and thorax somewhat thickly pubescent, beneath the pubescence opaque; abdomen smooth, slightly shming ; median segment with the enclosed semicircular space at base large and coarsely reticulate, the rest of the segment above and on the sides slightly punctured and pubescent ; abdomen subcordate, the seg- ments above, in a strong hght, appear to be very finely and closely punctured. Black ; the pubescence white, golden yellow on the legs ; the basal segment of the abdomen rufo-fuscous, with a fuscous transverse stripe above ; wings hyahne, nervures and tegulffi pale testaceous.
Hub. Mussooree. 6 • Length 5 ; e.vp. 12 mm.
Genus ANDRENA.
Andrena, pt., Fabr. S!/st. Ent. p. 376 (1775). Melitta, Kirhy, Man. Apum Angl. i, p. 130 (1802).
Type, A. cineraria, Fabr. liange. Both hemispheres.
ANDRBNA.
441
Head ( 2 ) as wide as or (in 6 generally) wider than the thorax; eyes oval, large; ocelli in a triangle on the vertex; antenna filiform, basal joint of flagellum longest; labial palpi 4-iointed, basal joint longest, the following joints successively shorter ; maxillary palpi 6-jointed, the 2nd longest. Thorax broadly
1 2 Fig. 138. — Andrena. 1, maxilla ; 2, labium.
ovate ; fore wing vsdth the marginal cell long and lanceolate, three cubital cells, the 2nd and 3rd each receiving a recurrent nervure ; legs moderately long, the posterior trochanters with a long floccus of soft hairs ; posterior tibiae and tarsi densely pubescent on the outer side. Abdomen somewhat elongate and massive, apical margin of 5th segment and the 6th segment ( $ ) furnished with a dense pubescent fimbria ; in the males the abdomen is markedly narrower and longer in proportion.
The nesting-habits of the few Indian species of this genus that I have had an opportunity of watching resemble those of their European allies. I have found Nomacla adusta, Smith, frequently about the entrances to the nest-holes of Anclrena mollis in the hills in Burma.
Key to the Species.
A. Enclosed space at base of median segment punctured.
a. A medial vertical furrow from apex of en-
closed space to apex of median segment.
a'. Apical half of 1st to base naiTOwly of 6th
abdominal segment reddish A. torrida, p. 442.
b'. Basal two abdominal segments honey- yellow, remainder black A. rothneyi, p. 443,
b. Median segment without a medial vertical
furrow.
a' . Apical half of Ist, all 2nd and 3rd (or only basal margin of 3rd) abdominal seg- ments reddish A. communis, p. 443.
b'. Apical margin of Ist with basal and apical
margins of abdominal segments 2-4 [p. 443.
narrowly honey-yellow A. mephittophelica.
442
APID^E,
B. Enclosed spnce at bnse of median segment
finely obliquely striate A. gracillima, p. 444.
C. Enclosed space nt base of median segment
reticulate.
a. Clypeus black, with a broad triangular brown
macula A. anonijma, p. 444.
h. Clypeus black, immaculate. a'. Length 8-9 mm.
d'. Apical margins of abdominal segments
rufo-testaceous A.Jloridula, p. 444,
Apical margins of abdominal segments
black A.phcedra, p. 444.
b'. Length 12-13 mm.
u^. Median segment obscurely transversely
striate A. morosa, p. 445.
b^. Median segment not transversely striate.
a'*. Median segment with a small smooth triangular space beneath enclosed
reticulate space at base A. sacrissima, p. 445.
b^. Median .segment concavo-truncate posteriorly, without such triangular
space . . .' A, reticulata, p. 445.
T). Enclosed space at base of median segment longitudinally rugose. a. Abdomen nearly bare or with very short
pubescence A. mollis, p. 446.
h. Abdomen with stiff, somewhat dense pubes- cence on apical three segments A. harrkta, p. 446.
776. Andrena torrida, Smith, New Sp. Hym. B.M. p. 50, $ J; Torr. Cat. x, p. 156. 2 . Head, pronotum, and mesonotum shining, rather closely punctured ;' median segment and abdomen smooth, with only a few scattered punctures; clypeus broad, anteriorly margined and fimbriated with stifE hairs ; a fine Y-shaped groove on the median segment, the space enclosed by the fork of the Y under a high magnifying-power appears very minutely and densely punc- tured • abdomen oval. Black ; the apical half of the 1st to the base narrowly of the 6th abdominal segment red ; the clypeus and ■ lower half of the face, the thorax and abdomen sparsely covered with soft pale pubescence, slightly fuscous on the median segment and apex of the abdomen, and white and glittering on the legs ; the apical pint of the flagellum of the antennas and the posterior femora beneath obscurely rufo-testaceous; wings fusco-hyaUne, with a purple effulgence paler at base. . , , , ,
S similar, slighter ; abdomen broader posteriorly than at base, the basal two-thirds of the 1st segment, the middle above of the 4th, and the apical two segments black; the pubescence on the face fulvous, white on the abdomen, forming subapical transverse bands on the apical four segments. , -,o tq
Eah. Central and Western India. ? 6 • Length 12-13 ; e.vj). 23-25 mm.
ANBHENA.
443
777. Andrena rothneyi. (PI. in, fig. 8.)
Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. xli, 1897.
$ . Head in front and on the occiput, thorax on the sides, the legs, and apical three segments of the abdomen with longish soft pubescence; head and thorax under the pubescence closely and finely punctured ; abdomen smooth, opaque ; median segment with a large triangular depressed space at base finely rugulose, and bearing a short medial longitudinal furrow. Black ; the basal two segments of the abdomen honey-yellow ; antennae obscurely alutaceous beneath, the pubescence on the head and thorax fuscous ; the posterior femora and tibite each with a dense floccus of whitish golden hairs ; the apical segments of the abdomen, especially on the sides, with fimbriae of whitish pubescence; wings hyaUne, nervures and tegulse dark testaceous.
Hdb. Mussooree. Length 10-11 ; ex^, 20 mm.
778. Andrena communis, Smith, Neic 8p. Hym. B. M. p. 50, 5 ; Ball.
Ton: Cat. x, p. 130. Andrena maligna, Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. xli, 1897.
5 . Head closely, thorax more sparsely punctured, the punc- tures running into fine obscure striae on the front of the head ; abdomen very minutely and closely punctured ; head ti'ansverse, flat, and slightly emargiuate posteriorly ; clypeus shghtly convex, almost circular; median segment depressed, rounded at apex, the enclosed space at base bread, concave, densely and finely punc- tured; abdomen broad, depressed, and oval. Black; the apical margin narrowly of the 1st, the whole of the 2nd, and the basal margin of the 3rd segment red; the antennas and legs obscurely piceous ; the pubescence on the head and the marginal fimbriae on abdominal segments 2-4 white ; the sides of the thorax, the median segment at the sides and densely at apex, the legs, and apical two abdominal segments with longish fuscous pubescence; wings hyaline and iridescent.
Hab. Mussooree, 7000 feet. 5 . Leiigth 9 ; exjj. 17 mm.
779. Andrena mephistophelica, Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc xli,
1897.
5 . Head and thorax densely, abdomen more thinly pubescent ; median segment with thick long tufts of hair on the sides ; head about the ocelli and vertex longitudinally striate ; mesonotum, scutellum, and postscutellum under the pubescence sparsely, and median segment densely punctured ; the enclosed triangular space at the base not well-defined in the 2 > coarsely punctured in the ; abdomen, where devoid of pubescence, smooth, finely, not very closely punctured. Black, the pubescence whitish yellow ; the posterior margin of the basal abdominal segment and the basal and apical margins of segments 2-4 narrowly honey-yellow ; the margins of the segments fringed with whitish hairs ; wings hyaline, lightly fuscesceut, nervures and tegulae dark brown.
Bab. Mussooree. $ J . Length 9-12 ; 6.vj), 20-22 mm.
444
apid;b.
780. Andrena gracillima, Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. xli, 1897.
2 . Head in front sparselj-, thorax, median segment, and abdomen densely pubescent, the head about the ocelU and vertex longitudinally striate ; the thorax, median segment, and abdomen under the pubescence finely but somewhat sparingly punctured ; the enclosed triangular space at the base of the median segment finely and obliquely striate. Black ; the head in front with fuscous, the thorax, median segment, base of the abdomen, the coxte, trochanters, and femora of the legs with long fulvous, and the tibias and tarsi, apical half of the ] st and remaining abdominal segments above with sooty-black pubescence ; the apical margins of segments 2-4 above fringed with a mixture of white and fuscous hairs ; wings hyaline, fuscescent towards the apex, nervures and tegulse testaceoiis.
Mab. Mussooree. ? . Length 15 ; exp. 28 mm.
781. Andrena anonyma, Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. xli, 1897.
5 . Eesembles A. morosa, but the punctures on the mesonotum are more widely spaced ; the clypeus is subporrect, its anterior margin rugose^ the base with coarser punctures ; the median segment finely rugulose, the enclosed reticulate space at the base narrower ; the abdomen smooth and shining. Pubescence thinner, not so abundant but of the same colour and disposed as in A. morosa. Black, tlje apex of the clypeus with a broad triangular mark and the mandibles castaneous red: thorax and abdomen entirely black ; wings hyaline, nervures and tegulaj pale testaceous.
Eab. Mussooree. $ . Length 10-12 ; exjp. 20 mm. Type in coll. Eothuey.
*782. Andrena floridula, Smith, 2nd, Yark. Miss., Hym. p. 2, pi. — , tig. 4.
" s • "Black ; the head, thorax, and legs with long, thin, cinereous pubescence, the flagellum of the antennae fulvous beneath ; the mandibles ferruginous at their apex. Thorax— the wings hyalme and iridescent ; the nervures and stigma rufo-testaceous ; the legs dark rufo-piceous, the posterior libiaj and tarsi fulvous and clothed with silvery pubescence. Abdomen oblong ovate; the apical margins of the segments testaceous and with a thin fringe of whitish pubescence ; the apex fulvo-testaceous. Male, length 4 Unes ( = about 9 mm.). ^ „
"Bab. Dras, Kargil, and Leh, all in Ladak.
783. Andrena phsedra, Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. xh, 1897.
S Head and thorax with long thick pubescence, the head and median segment closely and coarsely punctured ; the pro- and mesonotunf, scutellum, and postscutellum wath large, somewhat widely spaced punctures under the pubescence; median segment with the enclosed space at base reticulate, beneath this a small triangular space smooth and shining; abdomen finely and closely
ANDEENA.
445
punctured and thinly pubescent, the pubescence forming narrow transverse bands on the posterior margins of segments 2-6 above. Black, the pubescence on the front of the head and on the thorax above cinereous with a fulvous tinge, on the head and thorax beneath and on the legs white ; the bands on the margins of the abdominal segments white; wings hyaline, uervures and tegulas testaceous.
2 similar, but the smooth ti'iangular space on the median segment is smaller.
Hah. Mussooree. cj . Length 8 ; exp. 17 mm. $ . Length 8-9 ; exp. 16 mm. Types in coll. Kothney.
784. Andrena sacrissima, Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. xli, 1897.
c? . Closely resembles A. phcedra, but is a larger and stouter insect; the pro- and mesonotum are more closely punctured ; the enclosed space at the base of the median segment more coarsely reticulate, the sides and apex being smooth and shining, and the abdomen shining with very minute and dense punctures. Pubes- cence as in A. phcedra, but scantier, shorter, and on the thorax more fuscous.
ffab. Mussooree. <J . Length 12 ; exp. 24 mm. Type in coll. Eothney.
785. Andrena morosa, Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. xli, 1897
2 . Head above the bases of the antennae longitudinally striate ; clypeus large, with distant punctures ; thorax finely and not very closely punctured ; median segment obscurely transversely striate, the enclosed space at base very narrow, reticulate ; abdomen smooth and shining ; head, thorax, and abdomen covered with a thin pubescence, slightly more dense and long on the sides of the thorax, the sides and apex of the median segment, and on the legs : on the abdomen the pubescence forms transverse bands, more or less obliterated in the middle, on the posterior mai-gins of seg- ments 2-4. Black, the pubescence cinereous ; the apical margins of the 1st and 2nd abdominal segments above bright, 3rd and 4th dark obscure testaceous brown, apical segment thickly studded with fuscous hairs ; wings hyaline with a slight fuscous tinge, nervures and tegiilse testaceous.
Hah. Mussooree. $ . Length 12-13 ; exp. 19 mm. Type in coll. Eothney.
786. Andrena reticulata, Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. xli, 1897.
2 . Head and thorax coarsely, abdomen finely punctured ; the head and thorax somewhat thinly, the median segment densely pubescent ; abdomen with transverse narrov/ pubescent bands above, at the base of the 2nd segment and the posterior margins of segments 2-5 ; median segment remarkably short, concavo-truncate posteriorly, the enclosed space at base coarsely reticulate ; legs stout, the posterior femora and tibiae with a thick floccus of soft hairs. Black, the pubescence fulvous, whitish beneath the head, on the
446
anterior and intermediate legs and pectus ; the transverse bands on the abdomen white ; wings hyaline, nervures and tegulas testaceous.
Hah. Mussooree. 2 . Length 12 ; exp. 22 mm. Type in coll. Eothney.
This species is a broader stouter insect with more ample wings than the majority of the species of Andrena.
787. Andrena mollis, Smith, New Sp. Hym. B. M. p. 50, $ ; Ball. Ton: Cat. x, p. 138.
5 6 ■ Somewhat resembling A. torrida, but the puncturing on the head and thorax very much finer and closer ; median segment without the Y-shaped furrow, a deep broad groove at base above longitudinally rugose, the apex truncate, the sides rounded and highly polished, the apex with longish pubescence ; the abdomen shorter, more broadly oval. Black, the legs and abdomen pale honey- yellow ; the coxae, trochanters, and femora at base of the anterior and intermediate legs, with the apex of the intermediate tibiae also, and the posterior coxae, trochanters, femora above, and base of the tibiaB fuscous black ; the 1st and 2nd abdominal segments with lateral black maculse, the 3rd segment with a transverse broad fascia in the middle above, and the 4th and following segments black ; pubescence as in A. torrida, but fulvous golden ; wings hyaline, very slightly fuscescent.
Var. With a lateral black macula on the 2nd abdominal segment only, the 3rd and 4th segments with transverse black bands in the middle, the 5th and apical segments with a gi-eenish tmt ; or the 2ud and 3rd segments with lateral black maculae, the 4th with a transverse black band at base, the following segments greenish ; or the legs and abdomen entirely honey-yellow, the 2nd and 3rd segments with lateral maculsB, and the 5th with a transverse band at base black.
Hab. Bombay; Assam; Burma; Tenasserim. ? d • Length 8-10;,exp. 15-19 mm,
788. Andrena harrietae, n. sp.
2 . Head, thorax, and abdomen densely pubescent, the vertex of the head, the 1st abdominal segment and base of the 2ud punctured and covered with only a few scat- tered hairs ; head subtriangular, the inner orbits parallel ; eyes narrowly oval, the oceUi large, prominent, in a curve on the vertex. Head, thorax, and abdomen under the pubes- cence black ; the clypeus, front, thorax an- ^ ^ teriorly, and sides and apex of the median seg- Fig. UO.-Andrcna ment clothed with long fuscous grey pubes- harrieice, §■ i- cence ; the posterior half of the mesonotum, the scutellum, postscutellum, the legs except the apical four joints of the tarsi, and the basal two abdominal
ATfDRENA. — NOMIA.
447
seo-ments above covered willi black, the 3rd and following abdo- mfoal segments with ferruginous-red pubescence ; the antonuu; piceoas ; 'the apical four joints of the tarsi without pubescence, testaceous ; wings hyaline and iridescent, nervures and tegulae dark brown.
Hah. Eangit Valley, Sikhim, 1000 feet. ? . Length 14 ; exp. 26 mm. Type in coll. British Museum.
Genus NOMIA.
Nomia, Latr. Hist. Nat. Ins. xiii, p. 369 (1805).
Type, curvipes, Eabr. Range. Both hemispheres.
Head transverse, clypeus not produced as in Halictua; eyes more or less convergent beneath ; ocelli arranged in a curve on the vertex; antennse filiform, geniculated; mandibles grooved above, the apex with two teeth, the inner very much shorter than the outer ; labial palpi 4-jointed, the tongue short trifld and plumed ; maxillary palpi 6-jointed, the joints subclavate, the apical lobe of the maxilla very short, very much shorter than the basilar portion. Thorax subglobose ; median segment very short, depressed, generally vertical, a narrow space at base usually
differently sculptured from the rest of the segment, very often depressed, concave ; legs stout, each posterior femur (in females) with a floccus of long hairs, and the tibiae densely ])ubescent; in the male the posterior femora and tibise, with a few excep- tions, more or less thickened, the inner apical angle of the tibise produced, often remarkably. Wings short and broad, the radial cell in the fore wing rounded at apex, the apex closely approximate to the I \^ costal margin; three cubital cells,
\J the 3rd the longest, the 2nd gene-
rally square, receiving the 1st recurrent nervure past the middle, the 3rd cubital cell strongly con- stricted towards the marginal cell, at top about one-third as wide as at bottom, receiving the 2nd recurrent nervure past the middle. Abdomen broad, as broad as the thorax, often broader, oval, elliptical, or with the basal segment sometimes narrowed.
The species of this genus that I have observed make their nests in the hard earth of banks, sometimes on the flat ground beneath the pile-raised houses in Burma, storing pollen as food for their larv£B ; the pollen, as I have often noticed, is carried on the hairy posterior femora and tibiae.
1 3 Fig. 141. — Nomia. 1, maxilla; 2, mandible ; 3, labium. (Much enlarged.)
448
AVIDM.
Key to the Species. A. Abdomen -with non-pubescent transverse fasciae.
a. Postscutellum armed with two spmea or
teeth posteriorly. a'. Abdomen beneath and posterior legs
black : length 11-13 mm N. elbohi, p. 449.
h'. Abdomen beneath and posterior legs
riifo-testaceous : length 8 mm N. westivoodn, p. 449.
b. Postscutellum unnrmed posteriorly.
a'. Thorax with more or less fulvous pubescence. d\ Legs mfo-fulvous or ferruginous, a". First abdominal segment without
a transverse fascia N. chalybeata, p. 450.
IP. First abdominal segment with a _
transverse fascia N. ciirvipes, p. 450.
Legs fuscous blaclc,8ometimes piceous. a'. Mesonotum above with dense _
short rufo-fulvous pubescence . . A. thoracica, p. 4ftl. Mesonotum above without or at most with very pale fulvous pu-
bescence • ■ • • -ZV. /omosa, p. 451
b'. Thorax with griseous or white pubes-
a^. Enclosed space at base of median seo-ment longitudinally rugose. _ o3. Clvpeus with a medial vertical
carina P-
J^ Clypeus not carlnate iV-- albofasciata, p. 452.
Enclosed space at base of median _ segment coarsely punctured ...... N. cannata, p. 453.
B Abdomen with pubescent transverse fasciaa. ■a. Fascia, at bases of abdominal .segments ^ ^ ^_
b. 'F&scL on margins of abdominal segments only.
a'. Abdomen black with base red.
Abdominal fasciae pale fulvous .... N. p. 453.
5^ Abdominal fascia silvery white .... N. pibpes, p. 454. b' Abdomen except fascise unicolorous.
Abdominal fascise golden or some shade of yellow. a^. Enclosed space at base ot median segment longitudinally stnate or
a^' Le°ngth 14-15 mm ^- antennata, p. 454.
ft": Length 8-10 mm ,.- N. aunfrons, ^. A5o.
b'' Enclosed space at base of median
^.^rnSfiirr.': N.capitata,,.^^.
•^SSirrounTd anteriorly . . N. comb^.ta, p. 456. 55. Clypeus transverse, somewhat
produced anteriorly N. clypeata, p. 466.
c» Enclosed space at base of median
segment coarsely reticulate .... N. fervxda, p. 456.
NOMIA.
449
P. Abdominnl fascias white.
a^. Enclosed spnoe at base of median seo-ment with a single row of
coarse pimctiii-es N. o.vi/belouIes, -p. 457.
b'. Enclosed space at base of median segment obscurely transversely
striate " N. ruitica, -p. 4&7.
c^. Abdominal fascife cinereous.
a^. Third cubital cell of fore wing less
than twice length of 2nd N. vincta, p. 458.
Third cubital cell of fore more than twice as long as 2nd. a'. Thorax above with dense rufo-
fiilvous pubescence N. scutellata, p. 458.
i'. Thorax above with thin cinereous
pubescence N. aurata, p. 458.
C. Abdomen witliout transverse fasciee.
a. Clypeus with a medial vertical carina. ... N. terminata, p. 459.
b. Clypeus not carinated N. fuscipennis, p. 459.
789. Nomia elliotii, Smith, Trans. Ent. &C.1875, p. 44, 9 J ; Datt. Ton: Cat. x, p. 166.
2 . Head and thorax closely and finely punctured, more sparsely and coarsely on the scutellum; abdomen smooth, opaque, the bases o£_ the segments only punctured ; clypeus flat, carinate down the middle, transverse anteriorly ; the scutellum with a more
or less deep notch, or bituberculate posteriorly ; the postscutellum with two teeth or spines in the middle posteriorly ; the space at the base of the median segment finely punctured, ' the basal four abdominal segments with transverse impressed lines across the middle. Black, the head and thorax Fig. 142.— Nomia elliotii, cS. f. ""'^^^ ^ ^l^i^ somewhat griseous thin
pubescence,thelegs with palegHttering dense pubescence ; the teeth on the postscutellum dark chestnut- brown; the basal four abdominal segments with bright emerald- green transverse fascia? on their apical margins ; wings hyaline, sHghtly fuscescent along their apical margins.
d similar ; the tubercles at the lateral angles of the scutellum and the medial spines on the postscutellum more prominent ; the posterior femora greatly swollen, the tibiae flattened, the apex on the inner side produced into a blunt testaceous process.
ffab. The plains of India generally; Burma, Tenasserim. 2 . Lenr/th 11-12; «.rj3. 22-23 mm. d slightly smaller.
790. Nomia westwoodii, Oribodo, Bull. Soc. Ent. Ital. 1894, n 128 • Ball. Ton: Cat. x, p. 170. ' Nomia simillima, Smith, Trans. Ent. Soc. 1876, p. 44, cJ , pi ii fig. 4 {nec Smith, Jour. Linn. Soc. 1863, p. 46). TOL. I. 2 G
450 APIDiB.
This is closely allied to N. ellioiii, and like that species has the posterior lateral angles of the seutellum tuberculate and the postscutellum armed with two teeth ; but it is constantly smaller the posterior femora and tibia) are proportionately not so swollen and tliiclc, and the inner angle of the apex of the latter is produced and rounded, not formnig a flat sharply truncate process as in xV. ellioiii. Tn colour, too, N ivest- «;ooc/h' differs in having the abdomen beneath and the posterior legs pale rufo-testaceous.
Bab. Bengal. 6 . Length 8 ; exj). 15 mm.
791 Nomia chalybeata, Smith, Tram. lint. Soc 1875, p. 59, 2 d , pi. ii, fig. 5, 6 ; I^^M. Ton: Cat. x, p. 165.
9 Head above, thorax, and abdomen very finely and closely punctured : clypeus more coarsely rugose, convex, transverse Eorly, with a medial vertical carina; median segment very Bhor v2 ical, and rounded posteriorly, a hollow space a ong the base above cmrselv longitudinally rugose. Black; be legs and the apical ten ioint of the flagellum of the antenna, beneath rufo- ulvous ; the pubescence on the face and cheeks griseous with a yellowish tint%n the thorax and legs °f y^^^^^^^
ibdomen above very sparse, erect, and black, °^ ^J*^ beneath more or less fulvous ; abdominal segments 2-4 ^.lth bioad blue-green fasciaj on their apical margnis.
^ similar ; abdominal segments 2-5 with blue-green fascue the postri^ emora incrassate, the tibi«, cin-ved and produced at t^e.r S ces ?nto blunt, apically-truncated, thin processes of a pa e Staceous colour. Wings" in both sexes flavo-hyalme, very slightly
^^X^^^- ^^^^^ ■'
p. 165.
■ Q Head and abdomen lightly but closely, thorax densely and ¥ • ^^^^ f""" „4.„^„rl • plvneus slit^htlv convex, transverse ■ '7;"medrn sl^ment soSat coarsely punctured, rounded :f r fd;s tSrapelToncavo-truncate ; the nai.ow space along
"T°';I.™XtoS»^"»™rre„sel, swollen, the «bi»
NOMIA.
451
yellow ; apical halves of the femora, the tibia?, and tarsi yellow, the coxoB, trochanters, and base of the femora black.
Hah. The Punjab ; Bengal; Upper Burma. $ d . LengtJi 11- 12 ; exp. 22 mm*
793. Nomia thoracica, Smith, Trans. Ent. Soc. 1875, p. 45, P (f, pi. i, fig. 10 ; Ball. Torr. Cat. x, p. 170.
2 . Head, thorax, and legs densely pubescent ; median segment posteriorly bare, and as well as the abdomen very closely and finely punctured ; clypeus convex, nearly transverse anteriorly ; median segment vertical, the groove along base above longitudinally rugose. Black, the legs underneath the pubescence fuscous, abdo- men with the apical margins of the basal four segments nai-rowly white ; the pubescence on the head somewhat thin and cinereous, on the mesonotum and scutellum dense, short, and rich rufo- fulvous, on the postscuteUum, sides of the thorax, and lego pale
Fig.US.—Nomiathoracica, 2- h Tig.UA.—Nomia thoracica,^ . f.
and glittering, on the abdomen much sparser and black ; wings hyaline with a slight yellow tint, nervures and teguls testaceous brown.
d similar ; the legs black, only thinly pubescent, each of the posterior coxas with a small tubercle, the posterior femora and tibiae greatly swollen, the apices of the latter whitish and triangu- larly produced beneath ; abdomen as in the ? , but with no white fascia on the apical margin of the 1st segment.
Hah. Barrackpore ; Burma ; Tenasserim ; China. 2 c? . Lenath 11-13 ; exp. 22-25 mm, ^
794. Nomia formosa. Smith, Jour. Linn. Soc. 1859, p. 5, 9 c? : Ball Torr. Cat. x, p. 167. ' If > ^ o ,
$. Head and thorax minutely and densely, abdomen more lightly and sparsely punctured ; clypeus slightly convex and raised transverse anteriorly, with a medial longitudinal carina ; median segment opaque, truncate posteriorly, with an obscure slight medial carina, space at base very slight and narrow, closely and finely punctured ; abdomen broadly oval. Black, the antenna; and leo-s piceous, the head and face with thin white pubescence ; a line on the pronotum, the tubercles, the sides of the thorax, and the post-
* Nomia strigata, Fabr., given bj that author as from India, is a Javan species, and N. mdica, Lepel, is probably identical with it.
2g2
452 apiDjU.
scutellum densely pubescent, the sides and apex of the median segment and the 'legs covered with fulvous pubescence ; the abdo- men obscurelr chalybeous, the apical margins ot segments 1-4 above narrowly greenish blue ; wings subhyahne with a fulvous
A similar ; the legs black, covered with pale glittering pubes- cence, the posterior femora swollen, the posterior tibiiB dilated, subtriangular ; the 5th abdominal segment with a greenish-blue
Burma ; Tenasserim ; Sumatra (Dr. Martin); Celebes. 2 . Length 11-12 ; ewj-). 20-22 mm. d • Length 11 ; exp. 22 mm.
795. Nomia iridescens. (PL III fig. 9.)
Smith, Jour. Linn. Soc. ii, 1858, p. 43, 2 ; Dall Torr. Cat. x, p. 1G7.
9 Head, thorax, and abdomen very minutely and densely punctured ; clypeus convex, with coarser punctures, and a medial s™rp vertical carina, its anterior margin transverse; mesonotum broad slightly convex, and in certain hghts showing several hne abbreviated longitudinally-impressed paralle lines on he disc ; enclosed space at base of median segment longitudinally rugose Saclc the head and thorax opaque ; the abdomen shining iridescent in certain lights, segments 2-4 with transverse bright green or blue fascS on their apical margins, the pubescence on the head and twrx and legs griseous with a fulvous tint, most dense on the sides of the fa?e, the cheeks, and the sides of the median segment ; Ws hyahne aid iridescent, nervures and tegute testaceous.
I similar the pubescence on the face more dense, the legs lontrS more sparse pubescence, the posterior femora and tibisB onlfsirghtly swollen, abdominal segments 2-5 with bright green or blue fascL; the whole abdomen more cylindrical, not so broad
"t^B^ma'; Tenasserim; Singapore. $d. Length 8-10 ; exp. 17-20 mm.
796. Nomia alhofasciata, S,nith, Trans. Ent. Soc. 1875, p. 67, $ ; Ball Torr. Cat. x, p. 163. o Head and the mesonotum densely and finely, abdomen more 2 . lieaa anu „ . prominent, shining, neariy
minutely P^i^^*^[.^i', scut^U^^^ somewhat fine
impunctate; median segment co^^^^^^^^ ^^^^ longitudinally
pubescence the ^^-^^^the median rugose. Black, the tace,!. ^^ ^^.^^ dense only on the post- segment J^^^^^^^ t^rsi and the posterior tibi^ on tbe msiae ierrut,iiiuu J'l^ i t^^^ segments narrowly ^'it^t%Ti^re?ch a^^^^^^^ th/basal two pints
^^^S.^Btr- Tenasserim; Java. ?• Length 8-10; ex,. 16- 17 mm. 6 unknown.
NOMIA.
453
797. Nomia carinata, Smith, Trans. Ent. Soc. 1875, p. 57, $ ; Dull.
Ton: Cat. x, p. 164.
$ . Head aud thorax (except the scutellum) closely and finely, and the abdomen most minutely and densely punctured ; scutellum smooth, with a few scattered coarse punctures ; the front flat, a short carina between the bases of the antenuce ; the clypeus trans- verse anteriorly ; a broad depressed transverse band at the base of the median segment, above coarsely pujictui'ed. Black, the antenncB beneath and the legs rufo-fuscous, the posterior tibise and tarsi interiorly bright testaceous ; the head aud thorax with sparse griseous pubescence, the postscutellum covered with a dense pad of pale pubescence, the pubescence on the legs dense, pale, and glittering ; the apical margins of abdominal segments 1-4 with greenish-white narrow transverse fasciae ; wings hyaline and iri- descent, nervures and tegulae dark brown.
c? similar : the abdomen narrower and more cylindrical, seg- ments 2-5 with narrow greenish-white fasciae ; the posterior femora and tibi£e swollen and much curved, the inner apex of each tibia produced into a curved claw of a pale testaceous white colour.
JJab. Eaugit Valley, Sikhim ; Eui-ma ; Tenasserim ; Ceylon. $ c? . Length 9-10 ; exp. 18-20 mm.
798. Nomia basalis, Smith, Trans. Ent. Soc. 1875, p. 55, J ; Ball.
Torr. Cat. x, p. 164.
2 . Head, median segment, and abdomen finely and closely, mesonotum and scutellum coarsely and sparsely punctured ; clypeus flat, rounded anteriorly ; the median segment very short, vertical and rounded posteriorly ; abdomen short and very broad. Chestnut- brown ; the face on each side, the sides of the pronotum, the postscutellum, and ti-ansverse bands at the base of the 2nd and 3rd abdominal segments covered with dense white pubescence, the legs and a transverse band at the base of the 4th segment with fulvous pubescence ; wings hyaline and iridescent. Hab. Lidia (SmitJi). 5 . Length 9 ; exj). 17 mm.
799. Nomia flloralis, Sniith, Trans. Ent. Soc. 1876, p. 58, $ ; Dull.
Torr. Cat. x, p. 166.
2 . Head somewhat finely and sparsely, thorax for the greater part and abdomen more densely punctured, on the last the punc- tures vei-y minute ; clypeus flat, produced at apex into a medial tooth and two other very short teeth close to the latter ; scutellum prominent, smooth, shining, with only a few scattered punctures ; median segment short, vertical posteriorly, with a medial vertical carina, the space at base shghtly concave, densely punctured. Black, the basal abdominal segment and apical half of the 2nd pale red ; the pubescence on the face, cheeks, and occiput fuscous, on the mesonotum and postscutellum pale fulvous ; legs rufo- piceous, the tarsi paler, the pubescence very pale glittering fulvous ; the apical margins of the 2nd and following segments with pale fulvous transverse pubescent fasciae.
454
Var. The red on the basal two segments reduced to transverse elongate marks in the middle of the segments or in some specimens covering the whole of the two segments.
Hah. China (Smith) ; Eangoon, Burma ; Tenasserim. 5 . Lewjth 8'5-9 ; exp. 17 ram.
800. Nomia pilipes, Smith, Trans. Ent. Soc. 1875, p. 56, 5 ; Dall. Ton: Cat. x, p. 169.
2 . Head and thorax densely pubescent, closely punctured under the pubescence; abdomen slightly shining, with a few scattered punctures at the bases of the segments ; clypeus sHghtly rounded anteriorly, nearly transverse ; median segment truncate, pubescent posteriorly, ou the sides bare, in the middle, which is smooth, almost impuuctate, the space at base concave and very coarsely punctured; abdomen broad, convex. Black, the basal two abdominal segments and basal two-thirds of the 3rd pale red ; the antennte beneath and the legs under the pubescence dull ferruginous brown ; the head, the sides of the thorax and of the median segment, the legs, and broad transverse bands on the anif^al margins of abdominal segments 1-5 with glittering silvery- white pubescence, very long and full on the legs, forming a long acopa on each posterior femur; mesonotum, scutellum, and' post- scutellum covered with dense golden-yellow pile ; wings hyaline, nervures and tegula; testaceous.
Hah. Northern India (5fmi/A). $ . Length 10 ; exp. 19 mm.
801. Nomia antennata, Smith, Trans. Ent. Soc 1875, p. 46, $cJ, pi i, fiss. 9, 9 a ; DaU. Tor. Cat. x, p. 163. PNomia sykesiana, Westtv. Trans. Ent. Soc. 1875, p. 211, pi. iv,
fig. 2, c?.
$ . Head, thorax, and abdomen very minutely and closely punctured; clypeus subtriangular, transverse anteriorly; median seo-ment short, rounded at the sides, truncate posteriorly, the ° narrow transverse groove along its base
longitudinally striate ; the apical margins of the basal four abdominal segments broadly subdepressed and pubescent. Black ; the face in front and the postscutellum densely and the transverse marginal bands on the basal four abdominal segments less thickly covered with pale yellow pubescence, ha^nng a golden lustre in certain lights ; the thorax anteriorly above covered with a very short fulvous-red, and the sides and legs ■^'S'-*^^' , 5 with pale somewhat longer pubescence; Nomia antmnata, S- t- ^^^^ abdominal segment with black and the pygidium with short yeUow pubescence ; wings flavo-hyahne, their apical margins broadly dark fuscous.
NUMIA.
455
cJ similar : a deep constriction above between the Ist and 2nd abdominal segments; the autennsc testaceous, the apical joint dilated, round and Hat ; the posterior femora and tibiie incrassate, the latter curved on the inside and each bearijig at apex a blunt recurved tooth.
Eah. Bombay. $ i. Length 14-15; exp. 22-23 mm.
I have been unable to find any difference, except in the colour of the pubescence, between iV. antennata and N. syJcesiana ; there is only one specimen labelled " sylcesiana " in the British Museum, and that is so old and faded that it is impossible to make out whether the original colour of the pubescence was fulvous or white.
802. Nomia aurifrons, SmitJi, Trans. JEnt. Soc. 1875, p. 43, $ ; Ball.
Torr. Cat. x, p. 164.
5 . Head densely and finely, thorax minutely punctured ; abdo- men almost impunctate, sHghtly shining; clypeus transverse, convex, broadly arched anteriorly; median segment very short, broad and steep, the space at base very narrow, coarsely longi- tudinally rugose ; abdomen oval, massive, convex above. Black; the legs testaceous, the coxoe and femora often rufo-testaceous ; the clvpeus, front, cheeks, and occiput with pale golden pubescence ; the thorax, legs, and apical margins of abdominal segments 1-5 with pale yellowish pubescence, very bright and glittering on the legs ; the margins of the segments under the pubescence pale testaceous; the flagellum of each antenna beneath and at apex fulvous ; wings hyaline, sometimes light flavo-hyaliue, with a verv pale fuscescent cloud at apex of the fore wing.
Hab. Bengal; Sylhet; Burma; Tenasserim. <}. Length S-IO ; e.vp. 19-20 mm.
803. Nomia capitata, Smith, Tram. Etit. Soc. 1875, p. 54, ; Dall.
Torr. Cat. x, p. 164.
cS . Head, thorax, and abdomen somewhat closely and finely punctured, pubescent; clypeus subporrect, very widely emarginate; median segment rather long, rounded, and steeply sloped pos- teriorly, the space at base coarsely punctured ; abdomen ovate, the apical margin of the basal segment slightly constricted. Black ; the head in front, the thorax on the sides and on the scutellum, and transverse fasciae on the apical margins of abdominal segments 1-5 with pale fulvous pubescence, the pubescence on the median segment and beneath cinereous ; the mandibles, the flagellum of the antennas, and the legs pale ferruginous, the apex of the flagellum mfo-piceous ; the posterior femora not swollen, the inner sides of the posterior tibiae at apex ouly slightly produced ; wings hyaline and iridescent.
Hab. Northern India ; Ceylon (Green). J • Length 5 ; 9 mm.
456
804. Nomia COmtusta, &m'tli, Trans. jEnt. Soc. 1875, p. 56, pi. ii,
lig. !), (J leg ; Dull. Tvrr. Cat. x, p. 1C5.
cJ . Head above coarsely and closely punctured ; thorax covered with a very sliort dense pubescence ; abdominal segments 1-5 bai'e and opaque in the middle, Avith a few line punctures ; clypeus rounded anteriorly ; median segment truncate posteriorly, the sides rounded, slightly convergent posteriorly, and punctured, the space at base concave and puuctm'ed ; abdomen narrowed towards the base. Intense black, the antennas and legs rut'o-testaceous ; the posterior femora greatly swollen and toothed at the apex internally ; each tibia broadened towards apex, the inner angle at apex produced ; the clypeus and front, the cheeks, the pronotum posteriorly, a spot behind each of the legulas, the postscutellum, the sides of the thorax and of the median segment, and the broad apical margins of abdominal segments 1-6 covered with dense short glistening golden pubescence ; the scutellum and the bases of abdominal segments 1-3 covered with dense ferruginous pile ; the pubescence on the legs sparse, forming a broad pale fi'inge to the anterior tarsi ; wings fulvo-hyaliiie, nervures rufo-testaceous. Ilab. Bombay, c? . Length 11-13 ; e.i-p. 21-22 mm.
805. Nomia clypeata, SmM, Trans. Eut. Soc. 1876, p. 64, J , pi. ii,
fig. 18 ; Ball. Torr. Cat. x, p. 165.
S . Head, thorax, and abdomen finely and closely punctured ; clypeus slightly produced, transverse anteriorly; median segment rounded and steep posteriorly, depressed much below the level of the postscutellum, the space at base very wide, concave, and very coarsely punctured ; the apical margins of the segments of the abdomen depressed. Black ; the apex of the clypeus, the man- dibles, and flagellum of the antenna; ferruginous ; tbe apical margins of the abdominal segments rufo-piceous ; the face below the antennas and the postscutellum covered with white pubescence; the mesonotum and transverse fasciae on the apical margins of abdominal segments 1-5 and the whole of the 6th segment above covered with pale fulvous pubescence ; the posterior femora slightly swollen ; the posterior tibia; subtriangular, the apex of each on the inside slightly produced and rounded ; wings hyaline and iri- descent, nervures and tegulse rufo-piceous.
Bai. Bengal ; Bm-ma. c? . Lmgth 8 ; ea^p. 15 mm.
806. Nomia fervida, Smith, Trans. Ent. iSoc. 1875, p. 65, J, pi. ii,
tig. 12 ; Ball. Tor. Cat. x, p. 16li.
c?. Head on the vertex, thorax, and abdomen closely and finely punctured, opaque ; clypeus very slightly convex, rounded anteriorly ; median segment truncate posteriorly, the sides slightly compressed, the space at base moderately wide, coarsely reticulate. Black, the antennas fulvous; the femora beneath, the tibiaj and tarsi yellow ; the clypeus and front up to the anterior ocellus, the
NOMIA.
45
cheeks, a broad transverse band on the mesonotum anteriorly, a line line over the tegulio, the postscutelhim, the sides ol' tlie thorax and of the median segment, and broad transverse bauds on the apical ruargius of the Ist-Cith abdominal segments covered with dense very short pale fulvous pubescence ; the posterior femora and tibite swollen and incrassate, the former each with a tooth on the inside, the latter each with a castaueous spot on the outer and inner side near the base ; wings hyaline, slightly fnscescent.
Bab. The Deccan, India. cJ . Length 10 ; 18 mm. § un- known.
807. Nomia oxybeloides, Sjnith, D-ans. Ent. Soe. 1875, p. 42, 5 J,
pi. i, tigs. 6, 6 « ; Uall. 'Ton: Cat. x, p. 168.
5 . Head densely and finely, thorax more sparsely and coarsely punctured ; abdomen shining ; clypeus anteriorly slightly arched, iiat ; tegula3 very large, longer than broad ; median segment rounded at the sides, steeply truncate posteriorly and more closely punctured than the mesonotum, the space at base very narrow, with a row of single deep coarse punctures ; each of the basal three abdominal segments above with an obscure transversely impressed line. Black ; the apical joints of the tarsi and some- times the whole of the posterior tibiae and tarsi testaceous ; the clypeus and head in front, the legs on tlie outside, a line on the pronotum, the postscutellum, and the margins of the abdominal segments with glittering silvery- white pubescence, the pubescence on the thorax often fulvous.
d similar, smaller, the pubescence with a fulvous tint ; the posterior femora and tibiae much swollen, the inferior apical angle of each of the latter produced into a flat, long process, testaceous white in colour, rounded on the outside, the inner border straight ; wings in both sexes hyaline, nervures and tegulse testaceous.
Hah. Bengal ; Bombay ; Punjab : Karachi, extending to Aden. 5 cJ . Lenc/th 6-5-8 ; exp. 14-l(j mm.
808. Nomia rustica, Westw. Trans. Ent. Soc. 1875, p. 214, S ; Dall-
Torr. Cat. x, p. 169.
d . Head finely, thorax minutely and delicately punctured ; abdomen nearly smooth ; the base of the 2nd segment slightly depressed, very minutely punctured, followed by a row of scattered coarser punctures ; clypeus subconvex, transverse anteriorly ; median segment rounded posteriorly, with a slight medial carina, dividing above and enclosing a space at the base which is obscurely transversely striate. Black ; the face and cheeks with a thin white pubescence ; the flagellum of the antenna castaneous brown ; the thorax above with short griseous pubescence ; the posterior femora slightly swollen, each posterior tibia subtriaugular, the inner angle of the apex sHghtly produced ; the apical margins of abdominal segments 2-5 narrowly whitish; wings fiavo-hyaline, nervures and tegulae dark brown.
Hab. Ceylon, d. Length 8 ; ex23. 15 mm.
458
*809. Nomia vincta, Walker, A. M. N. H. (3) v, 1800, p. 305, $ ; Dall. Ton-. Cut. x, p. 170.
" $ . Black, dull, broad, thick, very closely and minutely punc- tured, with cinereous pubescence. Mouth testaceous, black at the base ; autennEB subclavate, as long as the head ; abdomen ellipti- cal, shining, very finely punctured, a little longer and broader than the thorax, with three bands of cinereous tomentum ; tarsi pale beneath ; wings cinereous, veins and stigma black, third cubital areolet much less than twice the length of the second.
"Length of the body 3| lines (= about 8 mm.), of the wings 6 lines (= about 13 mm.)."
Hah. Ceylon. Unknown to me. Possibly a Halictus.
810. Nomia scutellata, Smith, Trans. Hfit. Soc. 1875, p. 45, $ ; Dall.
Ton: Cat. x, p. 169.
5 . Head, thorax, and abdomen finely, densely, but lightly punctured; clypeus somewhat produced, arched anteriorly; median segment rounded posteriorly, the middle narrowly trun- cate, the space at base concave and transversely finely striate; abdomen with the margins of the segments subdepressed. Black ; the ciypeus and front, the cheeks, sides of the thorax, legs, and transverse broad bands on the posterior margins of abdominal segments 1-5 with cinereous pubescence, inclining to yellowish on the ciypeus and front, and fulvous about the base of the antennaj ; the thorax above and base of abdomen with rufo-fulyous pubescence, dense on the scutellum and postscutellum ; wings hyaline, nervures and tegulse testaceous.
Hab. Calcutta; Burma. ?. Length 7-8; exp. 14-16 mm. cJ unknown.
811. Nomia aurata, n. sp.
5 . Head and thorax somewhat coarsely and closely, abdomen more' minutely and very densely punctured ; ciypeus not carinate, flat, transverse anteriorly ; median segment concavo-truncate pos- teriorly, the space at base finely reticulate. Black ; the flagellum of the antennjB at apex beneath, tie legs, and the apical margins broadly of the ventral abdominal segments rufo-testaceous ; the ciypeus, face cheeks, sides of the thorax and of the median segment, the postscutellum, and the apical margins narrowly of abdominjO. segments 2-4 covered with cinereous pubescence ; the legs with pale glittering pubescence ; wings hyaline and iridescent.
S similar, smaller; the ciypeus and front mth rich golden pubescence, the basal three ventral segments pale testaceous red ; the posterior femora and tibias swollen, the inner apical angle ot the latter produced into a claw-like process ; the legs black, the anterior tarsi, the basal and apical joints of the intermediate and posterior tarsi, and the produced claw-like process at apex ot the posterior tibia? pale testaceous ; the apical margin ot the 1st abdominal segment constricted, the follov^dng four segments with a narrow transverse white fascia at apas.
NOMIA.
459
Hob. Tenasserim. 2 . Lencjth 9-10 ; e.vp. 19-20 mm. 6 . Length 8 ; e.%y. 17 mm. A very distinct species.
812. Nomia terminata, Smiih, Trans. Ent. Soc. 187o, p. 5C, S ; Ball. Ton: Cat. x, p. 170.
5 . The head, thorax, the basal half or two-thirds of abdominal
segments 1-5 and the whole of the 6th segment above very minutely and densely punctured, the punctures at the base of the scutellum coarser and more sparse ; the clypeus broad, convex, some- what roundly truncate an- teriorly, with a slight but distinguishable medial verti- cal carina ; a narrow furrow along the baso of the median Fig. UQ.—No}nia tenninata, S ■ f • segment longitudinally striate.
Dark castaneous brown ; the clypeus and sides of the face, the sides of the thorax and of the median segment, the sides of the scutellum, the postscutellum, the legs, the base and sides above and the ventral segments of the abdomen with glistening fulvous golden pubescence, very dense and shining on the legs and on the abdomen beneath, the apical three segments above with a thin covering of soft fuscous black hairs ; wings flavo-hyaline, fore wing with a fuscous cloud at apex, nervures and tegulfe testaceous.
S similar, narrower in form ; the scutellum tuberculate at its lateral angles ; posterior tibife strongly curved, flattened and broad inwardly at apex.*
Hah. Sikhim ; Burma ; Tenasserim. 5 3 . Lengtli 12-13 ; exp. 26 mm.
813. Nomia fuscipennis, Smith, Tram. Ent. Soc. 1875, p. 57, $ .
2 . Head above and thorax moderately, finely, and closely, 2nd and following abdominal segments more finely punctured ; clypeus very coarsely but superficially rugose-punctate, its anterior margin transverse ; median segment vertical, rounded posteriorly, the middle slightly flat, a deep groove along the base, above longitu- dinally rugose ; the basal abdominal segment entirely and the apical margins of segments 2-4 broadly smooth, impunctate, shining. Black, with a deep castaneous hue in certain lights ; the flagellum of the antennae at apex beneath and the tibiae obscurely f ulvo-piceous ; the head in front and beneath, the sides of the
*N. hnddha. Westw. (Trans. Ent. Soc. 1875, p. 209, pi. iv, fig. 1 J), of which the liabitat is given as " India orientalis," should, I think, be deleted from the Indian list ; it is, I believe, African.
460
APIDjE.
thorax, and legs with a pale brownish pubescence ; the posterior femora each with a lonp; curled floceus of pale hairs, the inside of the posterior tibia; and tarsi densely pubescent, the pubescence M'ith a rich golden sheen in certain lights ; wings brownish fuscous, with a darker cloud at the apex of the fore wing.
Hah. Sumatra ; Sikhim. $ . Length 13 ; ex^. 26 mm.
Genus STEGANOMUS.
Steganomus, HiU. Tijd. v. Ent. viii, 1873, p. 224. Oyathocera, Smith, Trans. Ent. Soc. 1876, p. 47.
Type, S. javanus, Eits. Range. The Oriental region.
Head subovate, as wide as the thorax, the ocelli in a curve on the vertex ; eyes shghlly convergent beneath ; antennae short, hliform in the female, longer, with the apical two segments iu the male dilated, spatulate and discoid at apex; mandibles biden- tate in the female, simple and acute at apex in the male; labial palpi 4-iointed ; maxillary palpi 6-jointed, the latter decreasing sensibly both in ^vidth and length from base to apex. Thoi'ax ovate, the posterior femora ( $ )with a floceus of p. long hair ; in swollen, the posterior tibiae also
Stcganomiis nodi- dilated to wards the apex, the inferior apical angle cornis, c^. |. produced: wings with tiie radial cell somewhat narrow, oblong ; two cubital cells, the 2nd receiv- ing both recurrent nervures, and narrowed above by the convergence of the 1st and 2nd transverse cubital nervures. Abdomen subovate.
814. Steganomus nodicorms, Smith, Trans. Ent. Soc. 1875, p. 47, 5 c? , pi. i, figs. 5, 6 a, 5 b.
5 . Head, the clypeus with a few coarse large punctures, vertex more closely punctured ; thorax and abdomen smooth, but opaque ; the clypeus nearly transverse, anteriorly flat; median segment short, very steeply rounded at the sides, the middle truncate ; abdomen ovate, the apical mai-gins of segments 1-5 slightly but broadly depressed. Head, thorax, coxae, and the basal margins of abdominal segments 3-5 above black ; the antennae and the rest of the legs and of the abdomen ferruginous red ; the face as high as the ocelli, the cheeks, and the apical margins broadly of the 3rd (sometimes the 4th) and following abdominal segments covered with rich golden pubescence ; the pronotum, a narrow Hue at the base of the scutellum, the postscutellum, the sides of the median segment, and the legs with yellow pubescence, very glitter- ing and bright on the legs; the 2nd to 4th abdominal segments with lateral oblong spots of white pubescence, generally more or less abraded ; wings subhyaline, broadly dark fuscous along the apical margin, nervures pale testaceous ; tegulaj remarkably large, shining ferruginous.
(S similar, the vertex of the head finely, the abdominal segments
STESANOMUS. — CTENOPLEOTH A.
461
where not covered by the pubescence densely and somewhat coarsely punctured; antenn® very much longer, the spatulate apical "two segments black ; the posterior femora swollen, the posterior tibite dilated at their apical half, the apex on the under- side compressed into a thiu round flat plate.
Hah. Barrackpore, Bengal ; Luckaow ; Allahabad. V o • Length 8-9 ; exp. 16-17 mm.
Genus CTENOPLECTRA.
Ctenoplectra, Smith, Jour. Linn. Soc. 1858, p. 44. Type, C. clialybea, Smith.
Eange. Burma, the Malayan subregion, and South and East Africa.
Head transverse, antennae inserted about the middle of the face, short, filiform ; 2ud joint of the flagellum of the antenna; constricted at the base ; ocelli placed in a curve forward on the vertex ; labrum
prominent, rounded ; labial palpi 4- jointed, the basal two joints stout, subequal, apical two shorter and more slender ; maxillary palpi 6-jointed, basal three joints stout and of equal length, apical joints more slender, each decreasing in length from the preceding one. Thorax large and ovate : wings — the radial cell in the fore wing acute at apex ; two cubital cells, the 2nd strongly narrowed above towards the radial, receiving both recurrent nervures : legs with the femora broad and compressed, the inner calcar of the posterior tibia ( 2 ) lunate in shape and finely toothed on the inside; the posterior tibiae and basal joint of the tarsi clothed with dense long pubescence. Abdomen broad, subovate, truncate at base, the apical segment in the male trilobed.
I found C. chaljjhea, Smith, collecting clay at muddy pools in the road, and once or twice saw it conveying pieces of circularly cut leave's to a hole in the wooden -walls of a house in the Tenasserim forests.
Key to the Species.
a. Abdomen metallic blue.
a'. Apical margins broadly of basal two segments
of abdomen shining castaneous brown .... C. aptcalis, p. 462.
b'. Apical margins of basal two abdominal seg- ments not castaneous brown ; abdomen
entirely deep blue C. chahjbea, p. 462.
b. Abdomen black, not metallic blue C. cornuta, p. 462.
Fig. 148. Ctenoplectra apicalis, c? . (Mouth-parts, much enlarged.)
462
APIDJ5.
815. Ctenoplectra apicalis, Smith, Nno 8p. Hym. B. M. p. 67, d ;
Dull. Ton: Cat. x, p. 105.
<S . Head, thorax, and the bases broadly of the abdominal segments above finely and closely punctiu-ed, the apical margins of abdominal segments 1-6 smooth ; clypeus slighlly emarginate anteriorly, vertically carinate medially, the labrum beneath arched anteriorly : median segment short, vertical, indistinctly raised but not carinate down the middle ; apical abdominal segment broad, trilobed, bent downwards, and then recurved. Head, thorax, and legs dark castaneous brown ; the median segment with short fuscous, the legs with black pubescence, dense and long on the outside of the posterior tibiso and tarsi ; abdomen brilHant metallic blue, highly polished and shining, the apical margins of the basal two segments broadly, and of the 3rd narrowly castaneous brown ; wings subhyaline with a smoky tint.
Mab. Burma. S . Length 14'5 ; exp. 26 mm.
816. Ctenoplectra chalybea, Smith, Jour. Linn^Soc 1858, p. 45, $ ;
Ball. Torr. Cat. x, p. 195.
5 . Head above and thorax very mmute and closely punctured,
shining, the clypeus and the scuteUum more sparsely and coarsely puuctm'ed ; abdomen brilliantly polished and shining ; the clypeus broad, convex, transverse anteriorly ; median seg- ment steeply sloped, slightly truncate and flat in the middle posteriorly. Black, the abdomeu deep shining metallic blue : the face on each side and the median segment with a little Fig. UQ.-Ctenoplectra white pubescence ; the pubescence on chalybea,^. |. ' the legs black ; the ventral segments with a number of thread-like black bristles ; wings hyaline, nervures and tegulss black.
Bob. Pegu hills, Burma ; Tenasserim, extending to Malacca and Celebes. $ . Length 10-13 ; ex£. 22-25 mm.
*817. Ctenoplectra cornuta, Chibodo, Bull. Soc. Ent. Ital. xxiii, 1891, p. 102, O ; Ball. Torr. Cat. x, p. 195.
" 5 of rather small size, intensely black in colour all over; head and thorax moderately, abdomen remarkably shining and pohshed; head as wide as the thorax, densely punctured, especially on the clypeus, and covered with sparse grey pubescence, furnished at the sides of the clypeus with two prominent horn-like projections ; thorax smoky black, somewhat closely and finely punctured, the lines of articulation between the parts very minutely punctured, the upper horizontal parts of the median segment very densely subrugosely, and the vertical portion sparsely punctured and shining; basal three abdominal segments above subglabrous.
CTENOPLECTRA. — NOMADA .
463
impunctate ; 5th segment lightly but closely punctured, opaque, with a fuscous fimbria of pubescence on its apical margin ; cpi- PVRium covered with dense fuscous pubescence, the apex of the triangular pvgidial area produced, the base broadly cannate ; the ventral segments ciliated with fuscous hairs; the legs smoky black with StifE hairs or pubescence, the scopa somewhat aense, tuscous black • wino-s hyaline, sometimes infuscate, nervures tuscous.^ " Bab. The Shan hills, Upper Burma. ? . Length 9 mm.
Genus NOMADA.
Nomada, Scop. Ami. Hist. Nat. iv, p. 44 (1770).
Type, N. fabridana, Linn. Range. Both hemispheres.
Head transverse, not as wide as the thorax; eyes compara- tively large ; front broad, the inner orbits wide apart and slightly arched outwards ; antennae filiform, geniculate ; ocelli in a triangle
on the vertex ; clypeus slightly porrect in all the Indian species; labrum transverse, rounded an- tei'iorly ; the tongue long and acute ; labial palpi 4-ioiuted, basal joint about equal in length to the apical three united ; max- illary palpi 6-jointed, basal joint short, subclavate, 2nd longest, 3rd slightly shorter than the 2nd, remainder decreasing in length to the apical joint. Thorax ovate ; fore wing with the radial cell narrowed in its apical half, the apex acute ; three cubital cells, the 1st equal in length to the 2nd and 3rd united, the latter both con- stricted strongly towards the radial cell by the curving to- wards each other of the 2nd and 3rd transverse cubital ner- vvires, the 2nd cell receives the 1st recurrent nervure about the middle, the 3rd cell the 2nd recurrent nervure a little beyond the middle; legs stout, naked; abdomen subclavate, more or less narrowed towards the base, sometimes subpetiolate.
Of the Indian species, Nomada lusca, Smith, has been observed by Mr. E. E. Green, of Pundaloya, Ceylon, parasitic in the nests of Maliclus ducalis, Bingh. Smith, in his Catalogue of British Hymenoptera in the Coll. British Museum, has a most interesting account of the habits of the British species.
Fig. 150. — Nomada. 1, mandible; 2, mnxilla ; 3, labium. (Much enlarged.)
464
Key to the Species,
a. Median segment willi an oblong yellow spot on
eacli side N. decorata, p. 464,
b. Median segment inunaculate.
a'. Apicnl margins of abdominal segments 1-5
broadly depressed, smootb, and sbining .... N. solitaria, p. 464. h'. Apical margins of abdominal segments not
depressed.
a-. Whole abdomen smootb, impunetate .... N. lusca, p. 465.
b^. Basnl abdominal segment smootb, re- mainder closely and finely punctured along bases of segments N. adusta, p. 465.
*818. Nomada decorata, Smith, Cat. ii, p. 243, $ ; Ball. Torr. Cat. X, p. 342.
" $ . Length 4i lines ( = about 10-11 mm.). Head and thorax black ; the anterior margin of the clypeus, sides of the face, orbits of the eyes, slightly interrupted at their vertex, the labrum, mandibles, and scape io front orange-yellow ; the flagellum beneath and its apical joint ferruginous ; otherwise fuscous above. The collar, tubercles, scutellum, postscutellum, and an oblong macula on each side of the metathorax yellow, having more or less of a ferruginous stain ; legs yellow varied with ferruginous ; the coxa3 and trochanters above, the posterior femora beneath, and the basal joint of the posterior tarsi above, black : wings subhyaline, slightly clouded at their apical margins, their nervm-es fen-uginous. The basal segment of the abdomen black above, having a broad yellow fascia, its apical margin ferruginous ; the rest of tlie abdomen ferruginous, each segment having a broad yellow band, that on the 2nd segment attenuated in the middle; the fascia continued beneath the abdomen.
" Hah. Northern India (coll. J. S. Baly, Esq.).
819. Nomada solitaria, Smith, Cat. ii, p. 243, c? ; I>M- Torr. Cat. x, p. 369.
S Head and thorax opaque, finely and very closely, abdomen more minutely and densely punctured and shining ; clypeus sub- triangular, convex, transverse anteriorly ; labrum large, bent at an angle to the clypeus; median segment slightly convex, with a medial vertically impressed line, on each side of which at the iunction of the "sides with the posterior face of the segment is a carina obliquely diverging upwards ; abdomen with the margins of segments 1-5 broadly depressed, smooth and impunetate. Black: the apical margin of" the clypeus, the labrum, mandibles, sides of the face below the antenna, the scape of the last in front, a line on the pronotum, the tubercles, a spot on the tegulte two large square contiguous spots on the scutellum, the apex of the femora, the tibise and tarsi of the anterior legs, the apex of the femora and the tibiiE of the intermediate lege, the apex of both temora
NOMADA. 4 60
and tibioe inside of the posterior legs, and subapical transverse bands on abdominal segments 1-6 yellow ; the clypeus, face, cheeks, sides of the median segment, and the coxaa covered with a short silvery-white pubescence ; antennas fulvous beneath ; wings hyaline and ii'idescent.
Hub. Northern India. 6 • Lemjth 12 ; exp. 22 mm.
820. Nomada lusca, Smith, Cat. ii, p. 243, 2 ; Ball. Tor,: Cat. x,
p. 356 ; Bmffh. P. Z. S. 1896, p. 455.
2- Head and thorax finely and very densely punctured, abdomen smooth and shming; clypeus flat, transverse anteriorly • median segment depressed, not very steeply sloped, the space at base obliquely striate. Ferruginous brown, the basal abdominal segment subpetiolate, with a black spot on each side: wings fusco- hyaline, darkest along their apical margins.
Var. A transverse yellow band or two contiguous yellow spots across the middle of the 1st and along the basal margin of the 2nd abdominal segment.
Hab. Sikhim; Tenasserim; Ceylon; Philippines. $ . Lenqth 7- exp. 14 mm. The variety described above is the common Indian term, and seems to be the link between the unicolorous PhUippine insect and the Indian N. adusta, Smith.
821. Nomada adusta, Smith, Trans. Ent. Soc. 1876, p 50 26 ■ Dall
Torr. Cat. x, p. 335. > + u ,
Nomada subpetiolata, Smith, Neio Sp. Hym. B. M. p. 99, J . 2 . Head and thorax densely punctured, giving them a granular appearance ; basal abdominal segment smooth and pohshed, 2nd and following segments minutely and densely punctured, broadly along ■ their base; the clypeus flat, transverse anteriorly, the sides rounded! an obscure short medial vertical carina beween the bases of the antenna; ; median segment rounded posteriorly and steep, the space at base densely and somewhat coarsely punctured ; the punc- tures running into oblique strite. ferruginous; the clypeus and sides of the face nearly to the top of the eyes, the scape of the antennsB in front, a line on the collar, the tubercles, tegul^, scutellum, postscutellum, a large spot on each side at base of 2nd abdominal segment, sometimes forming a subinter-
Fig. Ibl.-Nomada adusta, S- i I'^'^^^i l^'T^ ^f'''^' ^ ^''^'"'^
^. base ot 3rd, and two contiguous
„ , , , , . , spots at base of 4th segment,
yellow; the basal abdominal segment with a black spot on each side- the face, sides of the thorax and of the median segment, and the 6th abdominal segment with a thin silvery-white pubescence; win^g hyaline, tuscous at their apical margins.
VOL. I. 2^
468 APIDiE.
Var. A broad medial longitudinal stripe having a depressed, grooved appearance, on the mesonotum, the intermediate and posterior femora at base, and the apical margins of abdominal segments 1-3 black.
<S similar : slightly smaller and altogether darker.
ira&. Western India; Ceylon; Barrackpore, Bengal ; Tenasserim. ?• Length 7-8; exp. 16 mm. d. Length b; ex2J. 14 mm.
Genus SYSTROPHA. Systropba, Elwj, Illig. Mag. Ins. v, p. 146 (1805). Type, S. airvicornis, Scop.
Banqe. Europe; Asia Minor ; Egypt; Burma; Tenassenm. Head not so broad as the thorax, front broad; the eyes small, their inner orbits parallel; ocelli placed in a curve on the anterior verge of the vertex ; antenna filiform, the flagellum of the female ^ slio-htly thickened, the apical three
inints in the male curved and forming an equilateral triangle; labial palpi 4-ioiuted ; maxillary palpi e-iointed. Thorax orbicular, short ; median segment rounded posteriorly; legs stout, the posterior tibiaJ in males incrassate: wings broad, ample; fore win g with the radial cell broad at base, FiK 152 subacute at apex, which is approxi-
Svstrophaifformis,^. f. mate to the costal margin; three ^ cubital cells, the 1st cell the largest,
tV,P 2nd narrowed and angular at base, the 3rd strongly narrowed
I never came across the female.
822. Systropha difformis, Smith, New Sp. Eym. B. M. p. 60, 6 ; DM.
Torr. Cat. %, p. 192. „ i . j.
, . Head, thorax, and abdomen pub.^^^^^^^^^ ^J^tl^TZ.
what sparsely punctured; ^^P'r}!^,*'^^"' f ^^^^^^^ the front high, rLnded anteriorly, and cih^ated wi^^^^^ .^^^ ^
from the anterior ocellus to ^^^^ f /^^^^Jf'^ed^ segment
broad but not very P'-^^^^^i/^'J^ .'^^
with a sublunate depressed space at base aoaom ^^^^
subapical constriction "f.^^^^^fj^ 2ndT^ P™"
the basal three segments, the ^'^^l^l^;^ ^^^J lateral
Slet'tLWeS^^^^^^^^^
STSTEOPHA. — THATIMATOSOMA.
467
shaped projection which is narrowed at base and obliquely concave at apex. Jet-black and shining, the apical three joints of the flagelluin of the antenuoe light testaceous ; the whole head, thorax, and abdomen covered with a thia soft hoary pubescence ; wings h3^aline, hghtly fiiscescent.
JTah. Buvma.; Tenasserim. cj. Lencjth 10-12 ; eajp. 21-23 mm. 5 imknown.
Genus THAUMATOSOMA.
Thaumatosoma, Smith, Trans. Ent. Soc. ser. 3, vol. ii, 18G5, p. 394.
Type, 2\ duboulaii, Smith. Range. Australia; Burma.
d . Head orbicular, about as wide as the thorax ; ocelli in a broad triangle, nearly in a curve, on the vertex ; labial palpi 4- jointed, basal two joints subequal, elongate, the apical two minute, placed at an angle near the apex of the 2nd joint ; maxillary palpi
2-jointed, minute, basal joint stout, apical thinner, pointed at apex; the apical lobe of the maxilla twice the length of the basal lobe ; antenna with the scape short, thick, the flagellum with the apical joint dilated, flat and thin, the rest of the joints either all slender, filiform and elongate, or the basal seven normal 'Sip 153.— Thaumatosoma, and the subapical four suddenly burmanicwm, ^. f attenuated and filiform. Thorax
ovate ; legs moderately stout : the fore wing with the radial cell narrow, rounded at base and apex ; two cubital cells, the 2nd receiving both recurrent nervures, the 1st near the base, the 2nd near the apex. Abdomen cylindrical, the apical segments curved downwards, the 7th segment medially strongly carinate, the carina ending in a blunt spine, the side's of the segment also produced and forming incurving blunt teeth on each side ; basal segment beneath produced and having a strong blunt tooth on each side.
In the paper in the Trans. Ent. Soc. containing a diagnosis of the genus Thaumatosoma, Smith also described an insect from South America under the name Eiicera inirabilis, the antennae of which still more closely resemble those of the insect described below. No specimen of this so-called Eucera is in the British Museum,_but I have Uttle doubt that it also agrees best, as does the Burman insect, with the characters, especially of the mouth-parts, of the genus Thaumatosoma. *
823. Thaiimatosoma burmanicum, n. sp.
d • Head, thorax, and abdomen finely and closely punctured and more or less pubescent, the head in front densely so; median segment short, truncate posteriorly, the sides rounded. Black; the
2h2
468
ATfDM.
pubescence on the head in front and the thorax white, sh'ghtly fulvous ; the scape, the basal two and subapical four filiform joints of the flagellum of the antennae, and the femora above and tibiae of the anterior and intermediate legs testaceous red ; the rest of the antennae and legs nigro-piceous ; the pubescence on the legs and transverse bands, widening laterally on the apical margins of abdominal segments 1-5, greyish white; wings fusco-hyaline, nervures and tegulfe dark piceous brown.
Bab. Eangoon, Lower Burma ; Tenasserim. cJ • Length 9 ; exp. 17 mm.
Genus OSMIA.
Osmia, Panz. Krit. Revis. Faun. DeutscM. ii, p. 230 (1806). Amblys et HopUtis, Xlug, Illig. Mag. Ins. vi, pp. 225 & 226 (1807).
Type, 0. rufa. Linn. Range. Both hemispheres.
Head not quite so wide as the thorax, subglobose ; ocelli placed
in a curve on the vertex ; antennae filiform, the scape slightly incrassate ; the mandibles stout, with teeth at apex ; labrum oblong : tongue elongate ; labial palpi 4-jointed, the 1st joint shorter than the 2nd, the apical two minute ; maxillary palpi 4-jointed, basal joint stout, 2nd longer than the 1st, 2nd and 3rd subclavate, apical joint minute. Thorax short; fore wing with the radial cell acute at apex and slightly appendiculate ; two cubital cells, the 2nd receiving the 1st recm-rent nervure between base and middle, the 2nd near the apex ; legs moderately stout and long. Abdomen oblong, convex above, densely pubes- cent beneath in the female ; in the male the apical segment dentate. Nothing is known of the habits of the sole species of Osmia as yet known from India. The European species construct their nests" variously in the earth of banks, in dry bramble branches, in old posts and raihngs, in snail-shells, &c.
824. Osmia adsB, n. sp. (PI. Ill, fiig. 10.)
(J . Head, thorax, and abdomen very finely and closely punc- tured, granular ; the abdomen shining, the margins of segments 1-5 slightly constricted; clypeus sbghtly convex, rounded ante- riorly ; median segment coucavo-truncate posteriorly, the apical segment of the abdomen bidentate. Dark shining metallic blue ; the mandibles, antenna;, and tarsi piceous black ; the clypeus and front the cheeks and occiput, and the sides of the thorax and of
2
Fig. 154.— OswMU. 1, maxilla; 2, labium. (Much enlarged.)
1
OSXIIA. — LlTmiBGUS.
469
the median segment covered with long soft white pubescence ; the legs and sides and apex of tlie abdomen with sliorter, more sparse glistening silvery pubescence ; wings hyaline, nervures piceous.
Hub. Kumaun, i^.W. Himalayas {Miss Ada Brook). S ■ Length 10 ; ex^. 18 mm.
Genus LITHURGUS. Lithurgus, Latr. Fam.Nat. du, Rigtie Anim. p. 463 (1825). Type, L. cornulus, Fabr. Range. Both hemispheres.
Head as broad as the thorax ; the inner orbits of the eyes parallel
or very slightly convergent below ; mandibles narrow, thick, not flat- tened as in Megachile, tridentate at apex ; labial palpi 4-jointed ; maxillary palpi 4-jointed ; face be- tween the antennse tuberculate ; vertex rounded, the ocelli placed in a triangle on the fi'ont below it : Fig. 155. thorax as in MegacJiiU ; legs stouter,
Lithirgus atratus, J . f . generally with longer pubescence in the female ; wings exactly as in Megachile ; abdomen broad, flat- tened and depressed above, more convex beneath than in Megachile.
The habits of one of the Indian species, L. deniipes, Smith, are said by Horne (Trans. Zool. Soc. vii, p. 175) to be similar to those of Megachile.
Key to the Species.
a. Posterior tibiae coarsely rugose on outer side . . L. atratus, p. 469.
b. Posterior tibise finely punctured on outer side. L. detilipes, p. 470.
825. Lithurg^us atratus. Smith, Cat. i, p. 145, $ ; JDall. Ton: Cat. X, p. 415.
2 . Head and thorax transversely rugose ; abdomen shining, sparsely punctured, the punctures shallow ; clypeus strongly punc- tured, produced into a triangular prominent tubercle at base, arched anteriorly, and fi-inged with a thick tuft of pubescence ; the posterior tibiae coarsely rugose above ; the 2nd abdominal segment constricted at base, the apical margins of segments 2-5 narrowly subdepi-essed. Jet-black ; the apex of the clypeus, the face on both sides the pronotum, the sides and apex of the median seg- ment, and base of the abdomen with a thin soft white pubescence ; the legs black with black pubescence ; the apical margins of segments 1-5 fringed with white pubescence, on the basal segment this is broadly interrupted in the middle ; the apical segment with black pubescence above; the pollen -brush thin, from a brownish red to black in different specimens ; wings f usco-hyaline, with a slight purple eflPulgence.
Hab. Allahabad; Dehra Dun; Karachi; Bangalore; Ceylon; Burma; Tenasserim. $ . Length 11-13; e.vp. 20-24 mm.
470
A.V1DJE.
826. Litlmrgus dentipes, Smith, Cat. i, p. 146, j ; -DaW. Torr. Cat. X, p. 416.
5 . Allied to and closely resembling L. atrcttus, but a nar- rower, somewhat smaller species ; the punctures on the head and thorax and on the otxtside oi' the tibias are much finer ; the abdomen is more convex, not so flat ; and above all the legs are very much stouter, the femora and tibi83 of the intermediate and posterior legs considerably thiclveued, the former being deeply channelled and bideutate near the apex on the undenside. Black, the apical six joints of the antennse and the abdomen obscm'ely piceous, the apical margins of segments 1-5 paler; the pubescence white as in L. atratus, the 6th segment covered with fuscous-black pubescence ; the pollen-brush always black.
cJ similar ; the face with pale yellow, the disc of themesonotum with ochreous pubescence, the apical joints of the tarsi rufo- testaceous.
Hab. Sikhim ; Mainpuri, N.W.P. (Home) ; Tenasserim ; New Holland (Smith). $ . Lmcjih 10-12 ; exp. 20-22 mm. d slightly smaller.
Genus MEGACHILE.
Megaehile, Latr. Hist. Nat. Ins. n\, p. 382 (1802). Trachusa, pt., Jurine, Jiym. p. 247 (1807). Chalicodoma, pt., Lepel. Bym. ii, p. 309 (1841).
Type, M. cenfuncularis, Linn. Range. All parts of the world.
Head variable, generally as M'ide as the thorax ; mandibles stout, broad and flattish towards apex, with 4 teeth, the exterior tooth
acute; ocelli in a triangle placed forward on the vertex ; antennae filiform, geniculate ; labial palpi 4-joiuted, basal two joints elongate, subequal, apical two minute, subclavate, articulated outside near the apex of the 2nd joint ; max- illary palpi 2-joiuted, short, the basal joint shortest, the apical joint obtuse at the apex and setose ; the labrum oblong, with the sides parallel. Thorax short, subglobose; the scutellum often projecting posteriorly and overhanging the median segment ; legs moderately stout, the poste- rior tarsi"(§) flattened and clothed on the inner side with dense short pubescence ; the tibiffi (especially the anterior pair)
\J
■1 3 Fig. 15&.—Mci/ac?iile. 1, mandible : 2, maxilla ; 3, labium. (Much enlarged.)
MEGfAOHIIiE.
471
and the coxa3 in the male variable, the latter generally dentate the former and the basal joint of tlie anterior tarsi often flattened and produced or otherwise modified. Wings broad, ample ; fore wing with the radial cell moderately broad, more or less rounded at apex ; two cubital cells, subequal on the cubital nervure, the 2nd cell receivino- the two recurrent nervures at base and apex respectively. Abdomen variable, subcordate, oblong or elongate, base concavo- truncate ; ventral segments ( 2 ) furnished with a more or less dense pollen-brush ; apical segment ( d ) notched, often dentate. _ The species of Megachile, known as " leaf -cutter " bees from then- habit of cutting out portions of leaves as Hniug for their nests, abound in India, many species coming into houses and stuffing up every available hole with clay and the material of their nests. The key-holes of boxes, of drawers in writing-tables, &c., are very favourite nesting-places. Many species dig into the ground, and line the tunnel thus made with neat round portions of leaves. All store pollen as food for their larvae.
Key to the Species.
A. Abdomen black, with entu-ely black
pubescence above.
a. Wings dark fuscous. ^
a'. Face with black pubescence M. anthradna ^1^.
b'. Face with white pubescence M. elizahethce $, p. 474.
c'. Face with golden pubescence M. carbonaria <5 , p. 474.
b. Wings fusco- or fiavo-hyaline.
a'. Head and thorax in front with dense
fulvous pubescence M. semivestita, p. 474.
v. Head and thorax with black pubes- cence.
' or. Olypeus produced and tuberculate
in middle M. tiiierailata, p. 475.
J^. Clypeus not tuberculate in middle.
a'. Clypeus emarginate anteriorly. M. atmta, p. 475.
P. Clypeus arched anteriorly M. heteroptera, p. 475.
c. Wings hyaline, fuscous along apical
margin M. anthracina S , p. 473.
B. Abdomen with fulvous or ferruginous-red
pubescence above.
a. Clypeus emarginate anteriorly M. ardens, p. 475.
Olypeus arched anteriorly. a '. Head and thorax with black pubes- cence
or. Abdomen cordate. Length 12-
14 mm M. bellula, p. 476.
b'. Abdomen elongate. Length 8-9
mm M. stidta, p. 470.
b'. Head and thorax with fulvous
pubescence M.fulvovestita, p. 477.
c, Clypeus transverse anteriorly.
a'. Pollen- brush white M. bicolor, ■j^.4:77.
472
b' . Pollen-brush golden-yellow.
li^. Lengtli 17-20 mm M. fraterim, p. 478.
6^ Lentrth 11-14 mm M.'quartince, p. 478.
e'. PoUen-biush rich ferru^nous red .. itf. mya^acea, p. 479. 0. Abdomen with basal segment clothed with snow-white, sometimes pale yellow long pubescence, rest of abdomen with sparse black pubescence. a. Pollen-brush entirely bright fulvous . . M. conpincta, p. 479.
h. Pollen-brush entirely jet-black M. disjuncta, p. 480.
c. Pollen-brush fulvous in middle,|rest black M. relata, p. 480.
D. Abdomen with basal 1, 2, or 3 segments
clothed with fulvous pubescence, rest with black.
a. Clypeua tuberculate in middle anteriorly. M. mmticola, p. 480. h. Clypeus not tuberculate anteriorly, o'. Head with black pubescence.
Thorax with black or fuscous
pubescence M. badia, p. 481.
h'^. Thorax vrith fulvous pubescence . . M. bhavana, p. 481. b'. Head with fulvous pubescence.
a". Antennffi and legs fulvous red .... M. dimidicda, p. 482. 6^. Antennfe and legs black.
ff\ Length 17-18 mm M. velutina, p. 482.
6". Length 12-13 mm M. ceylmiica, p. 482.
E. Abdomen with basal one or two segments
with fulvous pubescence, remainder cili- ated or banded with same or with white pubescence. a. Pubescence rich fulvous red. a'. PoUen-brush white.
Wings flavo-hyaline, fuscescent
along apical margin M. lanata, p. 483.
S^. Wings dark fuscous with a rich
purple effulgence, base hyaline . . M, umhripennis, p. 483.
V . PoUen-brush pale fulvous M. amputata, p. 484.
h. Pubescence pale fulvous.
a'. Length 17 mm ilf. jsewe^ra^a 2 * p.484. I
b'. Length 12 mm M. buddha(^*, p. 484. j
c. Pubescence bright yellow M. vestita, p. 485.
F. Abdomen with transverse bands on all segments above of white pubescence.
a. Pollen-brush white. a'. Punctures on disc of mesonotum coarse, running into transverse strim. Head and thorax with white
pubescence M. cephahtes, p. 485.
6^. Head and thorax with fulvous
pubescence M.faceta, p. 486.
b'. Punctures on disc running into strise. o". Head and thorax with fulvous
pubescence . , M. griseopicta, p. 486.
* Probnbly the two seies of one species.
MEGACHILE.
473
4". Head and thorax with white pubes- cence.
Clypeus with a medial vertical
carina M. puMripes, -p. 486.
Clypeus not carinate. a*. Length 8-16 mm.
aK Legs entirely black M. albifrons, p. 487.
fi". Legs more or less testaceous or orange-yellow, a". Pubescence pale yellow. . M. femorata, p. 488. i'. Pubescence snow-white . . M. vigilans, p. 488.
h^. Length 6'5 mm M. nana, p. 487.
6. Pollen-brush bright fulvous or white at base, fulvous at apex. a'. Front above clypeus tuberculate .... M. hera, p. 489. b' . Front above clypeus not tuberculate . . M. cMorigaster, p. 489.
G. Abdomen with segments 3-6 narrowly
fringed or ciliated with ferruginous
golden pubescence M. tricincta, p. 489.
H. Abdomen with black pubescence above,
one or two apical segments with pubes- cence of another colour.
a. Apical margin of 5th and whole of 6th
segment above with dense clay-coloured
pubescence M. moelleri, p. 490.
b. Apical two segments bright testaceous
brown M. steloides, p. 490.
827. MegacMle anthracina. (PI. Ill, fig. 11.)
Smith, Cat. \, p. 175, 5 . Megachile fasciculata. Smith, Cat. i, p. 180, cJ . Megachile hornei, Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. xli, 1897 ((?).
$ . Head and thorax very closely and finely punctured, the
clypeus and front pubescent ; abdomen smooth,
the margins of the segments lightly depressed,
with a few scattered fine punctures, the apical
segment above pubescent ; clypeus moderately
convex, its anterior margin broadly arched ;
mandibles large, broad at apex and finely
punctured. Jet-black, with black pubescence,
somewhat sooty black and long on the median
^^^■.}^''\, segment behind ; the front above the ocelli, Meqacmle antnra- . i i i n j.i u i,
cina cJ. ^'^^ cheeks, and the thorax above bare; the
sides of the abdomen with a little black pubes- cence ; the pollen-brush dense and black ; wings dark fuscous with a purple effulgence.
S differs in being smaller, more finely and closely punctured ; the pubescence on the clypeus, front, and thorax anteriorly is fulvous white, on the median segment and basal abdominal segment sooty black ; the anterior and intermediate legs are rufo-testaceous on the inside, the tarsi of the latter fringed with fuscous hairs, forming a broad fan posteriorly ; the apical segment slightly notched in the middle ; wings hyaline, broadly fuscescent along their apical margins.
474
apid;e.
Hah. Throughout the North- West Provinces and Bengal, not ascending the hills to any height. $ . Leiujtli 19-21 ; exp. 38- 42 mm. c? • Lenijth lG-18 ; exp. 30-34 mm.
828. Megachile elizabethsB, n. sp.
5 . Head and thorax finely, closely, and regularly, abdomen more sparsely punctured and shining ; clypeus broader than high, convex at base, anteriorly widely emarginate, the middle incised, with two slight projecting teeth ; mandibles with a longitudinal groove ruuuing from the inside of the lower apical tooth, the inner flat broad portion at apex sparsely punctured ; head not quite so wide as the thorax ; abdomen ovato-conical, the margins of the segments depressed, the depressions medially much broader. Black ; the sides of the face in front, the cheeks and thorax anteriorly with a soft longish white pubescence, turning to f usco- cinereous between the autennffi and on the median segment posteriorly ; the base of the abdomen and the convex pygichum with a thin covering of fuscous hairs ; the pollen-brush very dense, black, ferruginous red in the middle ; legs with black pubescence ; wings fuscous with a purple effulgence.
cJ similar, smaller ; the pubescence on the clypeus and cheeks very dense, the base of the 1st segment with a square patch and broadly interrupted transverse bands at the apical margins of segments 2-6 of the abdomen of white pubescence ; the bases of the 2nd and following segments strongly constricted, the apex of the 7th segment notched ; wings hyaline at base.
Hah. Tenasserim. ? . Length 16-18 ; exp. 34-39 mm. cJ • Length 14 ; exp. 29 mm.
*829. Megachile carbonaria, Smith, Cat. i, p. 179, J ; Ball. Torr. Cat. X, p. 423.
" d . Length 5| lines ( = about 13 mm.). Black and shining, the abdomen having in some hghts a purple metallic iridescence ; th face below the insertion of the antennae densely covered with bright golden pubescence ; wings purple-black ; sides of the meta- thorax covered with black pubescence ; disc of the thorax and the abdomen above naked, the apical segment has its apex notched ui the middle.
" Hah. Northern India (coll. W. W. Saunders, Esq.).
830. Megachile semivestita.
Ohalicodoma semivestita, Smith, Cat. i, p. 148, J .
cJ . Head and thorax densely, the legs and abdomen sparsely pubescent ; the tibise and basal joints of the tarsi of the legs and the abdomen finely and closely punctured, the individual hairs of the sparse pubescence springing from each puncture ; mandibles rather coarsely longitudinally striate. Head and thorax covered with fulvous, the median segment broadly on the sides, the legs and abdomen with black pubescence; wings fusco-hyalme, dark- enuig slightly along the costal margm of the fore wnig.
Hah. India {Smith), d - Lemjth 17 ; e.vj). 32 mm.
MBGACHILB.
475
831. Megacliile tuterculata, Smith, Jour. Linn. Soc 1858, p. 46, $. P Mef?achile loDgipalpis, Radoszk. Wiadom. z nauk Przyrod. pt. ii
(1882), p. 78.
2 . Head, thorax, and abdomen densely but not coarsely punc- tured ; head as wide as the thorax ; mandibles long, curved, some- what narrow, with a blunt tooth on the inner margin near the base and three apical teeth ; clypeus short, broad, produced in the middle into a long prominent tubercle ; the vertex behind the ocelli flattish, broad, with an abbreviated medial longitudinal carina. Black, with black pubescence; the median segment posteriorly aud the basal segment of the abdomen with sooty-brown pubescence ; the pollen-brush black ; wings fulvo-hyaline, the apical margins light fuscous.
^£(6. Tenasserim ; Singapore ; Borneo. $ . Length 22-25 ; exp. 44-48 mm.
832. MegacMle atrata, Smith, Cat. i, p. 182, $ .
Megachile falvipennis, Smith, Neio Sp. Hym. B. M. p. 68, $ .
5 . Head in front somewhat coarsely and sparsely punctured, shining ; the clypeus short, broad, longitudinall_y striate, anteriorly broadly emarginate, the emargination square : a medial vertical carina not quite reaching to the apex ; thorax coarsely transversely rugose ; abdomen moderately, finely, and densely punctured ; segments 1-4 with a transverse narrow subapical groove above. Black, with jet-black pubescence ; the pollen-brush black, m some specimens sHghtly reddish along the middle ; wings fusco- hyaline or fulvo-hyaline, with a broad fuscous margin (the common form).
(J similar, smaller ; the apical segment carinate down the middle, the sides broadened and recurved, the apex incised ; clypeus with a little dense white pubescence above and anteriorly.
Hah. Burma ; Tenasserim ; JSTicobars ; Philippines. $ . Length 18-22 ; exp. 40-42 mm. <S . Length 15 ; exp. 28 mm.
*833. MegacMle heteroptera, Sich. Novara-Reise, Hym. p. 149 ; Ball. Ton: Cat. x, p. 433.
" $ closely allied to and resembling M. atrata ; differs in having the clypeus anteriorly rounded, not emarginate, and in the pollen- brush being reddish in the middle.
" (5 similar to the same sex in M. atrata, but the pubescence on the front and clypeus fulvous red, not white.
'■'■Hah. Nicobars. 5 . Length 17-21 ; wing 11-13 mm. {exp. about 26-30 ram.). (S somewhat smaller."
834. Megachile ardens, Smith, New Sp. Hym. B. M. p. 67, ? .
2 . Head, thorax, and abdomen pubescent ; the head above the ocelli, cheeks, and clypeus bare, very finely and closely punctured, the anterior margin of the last emarginate, with the lateral angles of the emargination dentate and a -|- -shaped carina at the base. Black ; the front above the antemiee with a little black pubescence ;
476
apid;b.
the thorax covered with a thin fulvous pile, generally somewhat abraded on the disc of the mesonotuin ; legs with fuscous-black and the abdomen covered with dense rufo-fulvous pubescence above ; the pollen-brush fulvous, the anterior tarsi throughout and the intermediate and posterior pairs on the inside with ferruginous pubescence ; wings fusco-hyaline, darkening towards their apex. Hah. Ceylon. $ . Lencjili 14 ; exp. 26 mm.
835. MegacMle bellula, n. sp.
5 . Head and thorax sparsely, abdomen densely pubescent ; the clypeus, vertex of the bead, mesonotum, and scutellum above bare,
finely and closely punctui-ed ; clypeus broad, convex, its anterior margin boldly arched ; scutellum rounded posteriorly, not projecting over the postscutellum and median segment; abdomen subcordate, slightly de- pressed. Black ; the pubescence fus- cous black on the front and between Pig 158. the antenna, and white on both sides
MegacMle bellula, (S . f. of the face along the inner orbits,
on the sides of the pronotum, of the scutellum, and of the median segment it is griseous, inside of the tarsi with ferruginous pubescence ; abdomen covered with dense short fulvous-red pubescence above on segments 3-5, the basal two segments with transverse fasciae of a lighter yellow, and the apical segment with a mixture of black and fulvous hairs ; pollen- brush golden yellow ; wings hyaline, lightly fuscous.
<S similar, nai'rower in shape, the clypeus and front covered with a beautiful hght golden, the scutellum at the sides and median segment posteriorly with thick long fuscous pubescence ; abdomen entii'ely clothed with rufo-fulvous pubescence ; the anterior tarsi testaceous ; the apical segment notched.
Hah. Burma ; Tenasserim ; Sumatra. $ . Length 12-14 ; exp. 22-24 mm. J • Length 12-13 ; exp. 24 mm.
836. MegacMle stulta, n. sp.
$ . Head and thorax somewhat coarsely and very closely punctured, with a granular appearance ; abdomen pubescent ; clypeus convex, broader than high, anteriorly boldly arched; median segment slightly concave posteriorly and smooth ; the bases of abdominal segments 1-5 narrowly bare and finely and closely punctured. Black ; the clypeus and sides of the face, the pronotum, the sutures between the mesonotum, scutellum, post- scutellum, and median segment, the sides of the last, and the legs above covered with a thm soft white down ; the inside of the tarsi with a golden fulvous, and the abdomen with a ferru- ginous-red pubescence ; the pollen-brush fuh ous golden ; wings fusco-hyaline.
MEGACHILB.
477
c? similar ; the clypeus ia front and at buso, and the space round each antenna with white pubescence, the pubescence on the thorax fulvous and denser, on the abdomen more sparse than in the female, the apical two bands on the latter whitish ; wings deep yellow at base, fusco-hyaline at apex.
Hab. Sikhim; Bangalore, Southern India (PFaison). ^ .Length Q; exp. 16 mm. 6 . Length 8 ; ea-p. 16 mm.
837. Megachile fulvovestita, <S»ijY/t, Cat.L-a.nQ, Q^; Ball. Tor.
C«<. X, p. 431.
2 . Head, thorax, and abdomen covered with dense pubescence above, the pubescence on the legs and beneath sparse, the surface under the pubescence closely and finely punctured ; the clypeus widely arched anteriorly and with a medial vertical carina apparent under the pubescence ; head flat, transverse, about as broad as the thorax. Black, the pubescence rich fulvous, pollen-brush white ; wings subhyaline, slightly fuscous towards the apex.
d similar, smaller, the head broader in proportion and sub- quadrate ; the anterior tarsi remarljably broad and flat, the basal three joints with broad flat internal lobes ; the anterior cox£e have prominent conical tubercles anteriorly. Black ; the pubescence a more golden fulvous than in the female ; the anterior femora, tibise, and tarsi testaceous yellow.
Hah. Bombay. $ . Length 15 ; exp. 27 mm. c? . Length 13 ; exp. 24 mm.
838. MegacMle hicolor.
Apis bicolor, Fahr. Mant. Ins. i, p. .304.
Apis albiventris, Christ, Hym. p. 171, pi. 13, fio-. 9.
Megachile bicolor, Lepel. Hym. ii, p. 342 ; Smith, Cat. \, p. 181.
$ . Head, thorax, and abdomen finely punctured ; clypeus subtriangular, slightly convex, anteriorly transverse, with a broad medial shallow sulcation not reaching its base ; abdomen elono-ate, cordate. Black ; the sides of the face and clypeus with rather thick white pubescence, a spot of the same underneath the base of the wings; the median segment and abdomen above with rich fulvous red, the posterior lateral angles of the former with white pubescence; legs black, the pubescence fuscous, fulvous red on the underside of the intermediate and posterior tarsi ; poUeu-brush white ; wings fusco-hyaline.
6 similar, smaller, head proportionately larger, wings lighter in colour ; median segment and the intermediate and posterior tarsi beneath with golden yellow pubescence.
Hah. Eangit Valley, Sikhim; Agra; Allahabad; Bombay Bangalore; Burma; China. $. Length 14-15; e.%p. 30 mm cJ . Length 12 ; exp. 26 mm.
478
839. MegacMle fraterna* Smith, Cat. i, p. 178, $ .
$. Head and thorax very denselv and somewhat finely punctiu-ed, rugose ; mandibles very broad at apex, rugosely striate, with four large strong teeth, and two small protuberances on the inner side ; clypens convex, semicircular, arched above, transverse below, nnd fringed with stiff bristly hairs ; head as wide as the thorax or shghtly wider; scutellnm more coarsely punctured than the rest of the thorax. Head and thorax iet-black, with black pubescence on the front betM'een the antennae, alonp the sides of the mesonotum, and on the pleurte and legs ; on the median segment posteriorly the pubescence is fuscous, on the inside of the po'!terior tibiae and tarsi fulvous ; the tibial calcaria of the posterior legs ferruginous ; abdomen clothed with dense fulvo-ferruginous pubescence; the pollen-brush golden yellow ; wings flavo-hyaline at base, broadly fuscous at apex.
Hob. India (Smith) ; Burma ; Tenasserim (common). ? . Length 17-20 ; exp. 28-32 mm.
Fig. 159.
Megacliile fraterna, J.
840. Megachile quartinse, Gribodo, Ann. Mus. Civ. Gen. (2") i, 1884, p.352, $.
5 . Head, thorax, and abdomen closely and finely punctured, the punctures on the thorax above running into oblique anteriorly divergent fine striae ; clypeus semicircular, anteriorly truncate, the margin obscurely subdentate; abdomen with the apical margins of segments 1-5 broadly depressed, the depressions pubescent, punctured under the pubescence and anteriorly arched, the base of the segments smooth, impunctate. Black, a little black pubescence on both sides of the face ; thorax and abdomen covered more or less densely with a rich short ferruginous-red pubescence, which is sparse on the disc of the mesonotum and forms transverse bands on the abdomen ; legs nearly bare, the tarsi, especially on the inside, with a thickish covering of short ferniginous puljescence; pollen-brush pale golden yellow ; wings bright fulvo-hyaline, broadly fnscescent along their apical margins.
Rah. Upper Burma; Tenasserim. $. Length 11-14: exp.22- 25 mm.
The specimens I procured in Tenasserim are darker than those from Upper Burma appear to be from the description.
* M. qribodei, Eadoszkowaky (Windom. z nauk Przyrod. pt. ii (1882), p. 80), from Sikhim, seems to me to be a smaller form of this species.
MBGACniLB.
479
841. MegacMle mystacea*.
Apis uivstacoa, Fabr. Syst. Ent. p. 885 (Apis).
Me-achile nifiventris. Oner. Voy. B6langer, Zool. p. 502, Atlan, Im.
pi. 4, fig. 5; Smith, Cat. i, p. 178. „ „ lo^ri om o
Megachile luculenta, Bingh. Jour. Bomb. N. K. Soc. 189U, p. J4J,¥ •
5 . Head and thorax densely and rather coarsely punctured ; clypeus triangular, depressed inwards, its anterior margin trans- verse, waved, and having in the middle two short teeth, and above near the base a + -shaped carina : mandibles large, powerful, longi- tuditially rugose. Black, the front between the antennae with tufts of "black pubescence ; the sides of the pro- and mesonotura, the meso- and metapleurse, scutellnm, and median segment on both sides with erect fusco-griseous pubescence ; legs black with fuscous pubescence, the inside of the posterior pair fulvous ; abdomen covered with dense rich ferruginous-red pubescence, very often black on the 1st segment ; pollen-brush ferruginous ; wings dark fuscous to fusco-hyaline, in by far the commonest variety flavo- hyaline, fuscous along then- apical margins.
c? similar, smaller, with some white pubescence on the front of the bead and clypeus. The calcaria in both sexes red.
ffah. India; Isle of France (Smith); Burma; Tenasserim, extending into the Malayan and Australian regions. ? . Length 15-20 ; ex2o. 24-40 mm. cJ • Length 12-13 ; exp. 22 mm.
842. Megacliile conjuncta, Smith, Cat. i, p. 175, $ c?-
$ . Head, thorax, and abdomen very minutely and closely punctured ; clypeus more sparsely punctured, with an impunctate space down the middle, its anterior margin transverse, the front between the antennte and the base of the clypeus moderately convex, the latter anteriorly depressed, the occiput roundly emarginate; abdominal segments 1-5 with their apical margins very narrowly depressed, the anal segment large, the pygidium convex with a medial longitudinally-impressed line. Black, a little fuscous pubescence on the clypeus and apical segment of the abdomen, the depressed margins of segments 2-5 with transverse narrow bands of the same ; the sides of the prothorax, the median segment, and the basal segment of the abdomen clothed with white, at the sides of the last sometimes with yellowish pubescence; pollen-brush bright fulvous ; wings hyaline, broadly light fuscous towards their apex ; legs castaneous brown, covered with glittering pale hairs, the tarsi of the intermediate and posterior legs with ferruginous pubescence.
cJ similar, smaller, with some white pubescence on the front and clypeus.
* Kadoszkowski (Wiadom. z nauk Przyrod. pt. ii, p. 78) describes a species under the name M. sikkimi from Sikhira, which is either identical with the above or closely allied to it. M. sikkimi differs principally in having the pubescence on the thorax and basal segment of the abdomen entirely black.
480
APIDiE.
Hah. Bengal {Smith); Sikhiin; Burma; Tenasserim; Ceylon. $ . Length 14-15 ; exp. 26-28 mm. d . Length 11 ; exp. 23 mm.
84y. Megachile disjuncta.
Apis disjuncta, Fab7\ Ent. Syst. ii, p. 328.
Megucliile disjuncta, Lepel. Ilym. ii, p. 331 ; Smith, Cat. i, p. 178.
? . Head, thorax, and abdomen densely and somewhat coarsely punctured, the margins of abdominal segments 1-5 broadly depressed, the middle of the 4th just before the depressed portion always, and of the 2nd, 3rd, and 5th segments very often smooth, shining, impunctate ; the clypeus from the fi-ont subtriangular, its apical margin transverse ; mandibles broad at apex, the outer tooth acute ; vertex broad, flattish, produced back ; the back of the head roundly emarginate. Black ; the face and front, the prothorax at the sides and beneath, and the legs on the outside with black pubescence ; he pubescence on the inside of the tibisB and tarsi fuscous ; the median segment and the basal segment of the abdomen covered with thick long white to rusty-yellow pubescence ; the pollen-brush jet-black ; wings hyaline fuscous, for their apical three-fourths with a brilliant purple effulgence.
J similar, smaller ; the base, sides, and apex of the clypeus with long white pubescence.
Hah. Throughout India, Burma, and Tenasserim ; Isle of France (Smith). $ . Length 16-17 ; exp. 30-32 mm. cJ . Length 12 ; exp. 24 mm.
844. Megachile relata, Smith, New Sp. Hym. B. M. p. 68, 5 .
5 . Closely allied to and resembling M. disjuncta, Fabr. ; head about as wide as the thorax, but short, not so much produced behind on the occiput and cheeks as in that species ; head, thorax, and abdomen more finely punctured, the margins of the segments of the last depressed, but as closely punctured as the base, not smooth ; pubescence as in M. disjuncta, but the pollen-brush bright fulvous in the middle ; the wings lighter in tint, clear hyaline at base, only shghtly fuscescent towards their apical margins ; legs castaneous brown, not black.
S smaller, exactly similar except the wings, which are fusces- cent along their apical margins.
Hah. Burma ; Tenasserim ; China. 5 . Length 11-12 ; exp. 22- 24 mm. 6 ■ Length 9 ; exp. 19 mm.
845. Megachile monticola. Smith, Cat. i, p. 179, 2 .
? Megachile rhinoceros, Mocs. Termiz. Fiizetek. xv, p. 131. ? IMegachile felderi, Sadoszk. Wiadom. z nauk Przyrod. pt. ii, 1882, p. 79, ?.
Megachile samson, Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. xli, 1897.
$ . In form, in shape of the head, the clypeus, and mandibles precisely like M. tuberculata ; the head above more densely and coarsely, the abdomen more finely punctui-ed, the margins of the
MHGAOHILE. 481
segments slightly depressed, the depressed border arched ante- riorly ; head, legs, aud the 2nd and following abdominal segments jet-black, with black pubescence ; the thorax and basal abdominal segment densely clothed with fulvous-red pubescence; wings hyaline, broadly fuscescent aloug their apical margins and yellowish at base ; pollen-brush black.
d similar ; abdomen narrower : head com- paratively larger, the apical abdominal seg-
•Fig. 160. "^e^ •
Megackile monticola, -ttao. bylhet ; Assam ; Burma ; Tenas-
$, {•. serun; North China. 5. Length 26-27;
exp. 44 mm. J . Length 23-25 ; 44 mm.
846. Megachile hadia, Binffh. Jour. Bomb. N. H. Soc. v, 1890, p. 248, $
$ . Head, thorax, and abdomen finely and closely punctured ; head about as wide as the thorax; clypeus broader than long' with a T-shaped carina on its disc ; mandibles broad, delicately longitudinally striate ; abdomen with the base of the 2nd and 3rd segments slightly constricted. Black ; face up to the anterior ocellus clothed with black pubescence ; thorax with brownish-black, soft, rather long hair on the sides and on the median segment • legs black, claws of the tarsi and tibial calcaria castaneous; abdomen covered rather sparingly with black pubescence, the basal two segments with narrow submarginal bands of fulvous-red pubes- cence above ; pollen-brush black ; wings f ulvo-hyaline, with a broad subfuscous margin.
d similar; the clypeus covered with dense white, the face between and below the bases of the antenna with smoky-white pubescence ; the pubescence on the thorax brownish black, with a tinge of pale fulvous ; the base of the 2nd and 3rd abdominal seg- ments more deeply constricted, the anal segment not incised at apex, but denticulate ; wings somewhat lighter in colour than in the female *.
Sab. Pegu Hills, Burma ; Tenasserim. 5 . Length 17-20 • exp. 29-33 mm. d . Length 16 ; exj). 32 mm.
847. Megachile bhavanse, n. sp.
$ . Head, thorax, and abdomen densely pubescent, and finely and closely punctured under the pubescence; clypeus slightly convex, subtnangular, the anterior margin slightly arched, nearly transverse ; abdomen above depressed, somewhat flat. Black with black pubescence; the thorax and basal two abdominal segments with rich fulvous pubescence, turning paler on the median segment ;
*;Bado8zkow8ky (Wiadom. z nauk Przyrod. pt. ii (1882) p 79) has a M. hchtensteini, from Sikhira, which may be identical with the above in which case his name would have priority ; but I have failed to identify his species
TOL.I. 2 I
482
legs black, with black pubescence, no fulvous pubescence on tbe inside of the tarsi ; the pollen-brush black, with the middle pale fulvous ; wings flavo-hyaline, broadly fuscous aloug their apical margins.
Hah. Eangit Valley, Sikhim. ? . Lenijth 20 ; exp. 38 mm.
848. Megachile dimidiata, Smith, Cat. \, p. 174, $ .
9 Clypeus and front beneath the ocelli strongly and closely punctured ; clypeus wedge-shaped, very slightly convex, its anterior margin arched, a prominent fine vertical carina from the middle ot its base reaching nearly but not quite up to its anterior margin. Black, the clypeus and the space below the anterior ocellus nearly bare, remainder of the head and thorax and the basal segment of the abdomen densely covered with rich fulvous pubescence; the antenuEe and legs pale fulvous ; 2nd and following segments of the abdomen covei-ed with short black pubescence above ; the pollen-brush black ; in the majority of specimens the 2nd abdominal segment is also thinly covered with fulvous pubescence ; wiugs fulvo-hyaline, broadly fuscescent along their apical margins.
<S similar, destitute of course of the poHen-brush, apex ot anal abdominal segment bidentate. • r> r <7.
Hah. India {Smitli) ; Pegu Hills, Burma ; Tenassenm. 2 . Length
13-14 ; exp. 28-30 mm.
849. MegacMle velutina, Smith, Cat. i, p. 180, 2 .
9 Closely allied to and resembling M. dimidiata : differs in having the clypeus more convex, shorter, posteriorly transverse, anteriorly less arched ; the pubescence is a richer darker fulvous, and on the abdomen is invariably dense and thick on the basal two segments, the black pubescence on the remaining segments above s 'also mm-e dense ; the pollen-brush is fulvous along the middk, with the margins broadly black; and the antennse and legs are black ^t fulvous rid, the latter covered with a thm fulvous pubescence, c? similar, with paler pubescence. ,7. ttir.
ITab Northern India {SmitlA ; Tenassenm. 2 . Length 1/-18 , eoop 31-33 mm. S . Length 14 ; exp. 27 mm.
850. Megachile ceylonica, Bingh. P. Z. S. 1896, p. 453, S , V^- ^■ 9 Qosely allied to and resembling M. lanata : differs in shape
of L clypeus, which is shorter, broader, more strongly convex ami distiSy emarginate anterioriy, and in the abdomen bemg 'iismic Y strongly convex above. Black; the
Tut S^e tS antenZ'the tho'rax, and basal three abdominal frments above covered with short dense fulvous-red pubescence; Shfclvpeiis vertex of the head, the cheeks, and the legs with more smrse^d 'sSer pile of the same colour; the sides 0 abdominal Sments 4^6 and Ihe 5th and 6th segments above ^^o co^^f wfth moderately long black pubescence; pollen-brush thin and of
MBGACHTLB.
483
a pale fulvoiis-recl colour; wings flavo-hyaline, with a broad fuscous apical border.
cJ similar, but the head larger and broader proportionately ; the pubescence not so dense ; it is white on the clypeus, face, thorax beneath, and legs, olivaceous on the thorax above and the margins of segments 1-4 above ; wings darker than in the female.
Hab. Ceylon ; Tenasserim. $ . Length 12-13; exp. 22-23 mm. S. Length 11 ; exp. 18 mm.
851. MegacMle lanata.
Apis lanata, Fabr. Ent. Si/st. ii, p. 335.
Megachile lanata, Lepel. Hym. ii, p. 342 : Smith, Cat. i, p. 177. Megachile proxima, Smith, Trans. Zod. Soc. vii, p. 192, $ d •
2 . Head, thorax, and abdomen finely and closely punctured and pubescent ; the clypeus sublunate in shape, anteriorly trans- verse. Black ; the head, except the clypeus broadly in the middle, the thorax, and basal two abdominal segments above covered with dense, and the legs with thin fulvous-red pubescence ; the apical margins of segments 3-5 above with narrow transverse fasciae of white pubescence ; pollen-brush white ; antennse and legs nigro-piceous ; wings flavo-hyaline, the apical margin broadly fuscescent.
Var. The fulvous-red pubescence extending thinly on to the 3rd and 4th abdominal segments, and only the 5th segment with a white fascia, or with the fascia on the 3rd segment red in the middle, white laterally, the apical segment with white pubescence on both sides.
cJ similar, smaller, the pubescence on the clypeus and front paler, more golden in tint.
ffab. Throughout India, Burma, Tenasserim, and Ceylon. 2 . Length 14-15 ; exp. 26-28 mm. <S . Length 12-13 ; exp. 22 mm.
852. MegacMle umbripennis. (PI. Ill, fig. 12.)
Smith, Cat. i, p. 175, $ .
2 . Head, thorax, and abdomen closely punctured and pubes- cent ; the disc of the clypeus, the vertex except round the ocelli, and the apical two-thirds of the 2nd and following abdominal segments bare ; clypeus convex, transverse anteriorly ; the margins of abdominal segments 1-5 narrowly depressed. Black; front, thorax, basal abdominal segment, and the base narrowly of the 2nd with dense fulvous pubescence ; the 3rd segment with a narrow fringe of the same generally much obliterated, 4th and 5th segments with a narrow white lateral fascia ; legs with black, the tarsi beneath of the posterior legs with fulvous pubescence ; pollen- brush white with the apical portion black ; wings hyahne at base, fuscous for the apical four-fifths of their length.
Hab. Nepal ; Sikhim ; Tenasserim. 2 • Length 13 ; exp. 27 mm.
2i 2
484
APIDJE.
853. Megachile amputata, Smith, Jour. Linn. Soc. 1858, p. 46, J .
? Megacliile fulvo-fasciata, Radoszk. Wiadom. s nauk Przyrod. pt. ii (1882), p. 81.
$ . Head (the clypeus excepted), thorax, and basal two seg- ments of the abdomen densely pubescent; the clypeus closely and finely punctured, with a medial vertical smooth space, its anterior imai^in transverse, roimdly and narrowly emarginate in the middle, the sides of the emargination produced into short teeth ; the apical four segments of the abdomen closely and veiy minutely punctured, their bases narrowly smooth and constricted. Black ; the sides of the face, the front and vertex of the head, the thorax, the basal two abdominal segments, and transverse narrow fascia3 on segments 3-5 with fulvous-red pubescence ; the fasciae on the 5th very often absent; the bases of segments 3-5 and the whole of the 6th covered with thin black pubescence; antennae beneath and legs rufo-testaceous, the latter clothed with a thin fulvous-red pubescence and having the posterior tarsi generally black or rufo-fuscous ; pollen-brush pale fulvous, on the apical two segments black ; wings fusco- often flavo-hyaline.
Hah. Sikbim ; Tenasserim ; Borneo. $ . Length 15-17 ; exp. 26-30 mm.
854. Megachile penetrata, Smith, New Sp. Rym. B. M. p. 67, $ .
2 . Head, thorax, and abdomen finely and regularly punctured, the vertex of the head, the mesonotam, and scutellum bare; clypeus slightly convex, subtriangular, its anterior margin lightly emai-ginate in the middle; abdomen with the bases of segments 2-5 lightly but distinctly constricted. Black ; the clypeus, front, cheeks, sides of the thorax, the sides and apex of the median segment, the legs, base of the abdomen, and transverse bauds on segments 1-5 covered with pale fulvous pubescence ; pollen-brush bright fulvous, the pubescence on the cheeks slightly hoary white ; wings light flavo-hyaline.
Hah. Dehra Dun. ? . Length 17 ; exp. 32 mm.
855. Megachile buddhSB, Ball. Ton: Cat. x, p. 423. Megachile rufipes, Smith (nec Fabr.), Cat. i, p. 177, S ■*
S . Head, thorax, and abdomen densely and very finely punc- tured and pubescent; the head wider than the thorax, large, subquadrate, emarginate posteriorly ; eyes with their inner orbits parallel ; the apical margins of abdominal segments 1-4 depressed
* The following species, unknowu to me, is given by Smith (Cat. i, p. 177) as from India with a query.
" Megachile mzYaM.r.— Length 8 hnea. The face, vertex, and raetatborax clothed with fulvous pubescence, a fringe of the same colour on the anierior femora beneath, that on the cheeks is paler ; the thorax beneath, its sides, and also the metathorax and legs black ; the abdomen entirely black, pubescent above, very densely so beneath.
•■ Hab. India ? (coll. W. H. L. Walcott, Esq.)."
MBGACHILH.
485
and slightly constricted. Black ; the femora, tibiae, and tarsi ol: the legs, and the apical margins of the abdominal segments narrowly testaceous red ; the clypeus, vertex of the head, and bases of seg- ments 1-5 of the abdomen broadly bare, without pubescence ; the clypeus anteriorly and at base, the sides of the face in front, the sides of the thorax and median segment, and the femora beneath with long sordid white pubescence ; the front below the ocelli, the thorax above, and the margins of the abdominal segments with fulvous pubescence ; wings flavo-hyaline, their apical margins broadly fuscescent.
Hab. The type and only specimen in the British Museum is labelled India. S . Leyigth ; exjp. 22 mm.
This is probably the male of M. penetrata.
*856. Megachile vestita, Smith, Cat. i, p. 176, $ ; Ball. Torr. Cat. x, p. 452.
" $ . Length 6 lines (=about 13-14 mm.). Black, the face densely covered with bright yellow pubescence ; the mandibles short, stout, longitudinally grooved, and armed with three blunt teeth, pubescent at their base and ciliated with bright yellow hairs ; the cheeks thickly covered with pale ochraceous pubescence. Thorax — the disc thinly covered with bright yellow pubescence, densely so on the sides, beneath it is cinereous ; the legs densely covered with pale yellow pubescence, on the tarsi beneath it is fulvous, the calcaria testaceous, claws ferruginous, their tips black ; wings subhyaline. Abdomen short, broad, and pointed at the apex, the base, sides, and margins of the segments have a pale yellow pubescence ; beneath the pollen-brush is pale yellow in the middle and bright fulvous at the sides.
" Bab. India (coll. J. S. Baly, Esq.)."
857. Megachile cephalotes, Smith, Cat. i, p. 179, 2 c? •
2 . Head and thorax rather coarsely punctured, the punctui-es on the disc of the mesonotum running into transverse striae in certain Ughts ; the base of abdominal segments 1-5 smooth, the margins depressed, the depressions arched anteriorly in the middle and closely punctured ; head subquadrate, broad, broader than the thorax, the front between the antenna convex ; the clypeus short, subtriangular, depressed inwai-ds, its anterior margin broadly but slightly emarginate, almost transverse ; mandibles long, narrow, and curved. Black, the abdomen with a metallic tint ; a fringe along the apical margin of the clypeus, the face on both sides, the sides of the thorax and median segment, the legs, a square patch on each side at the base of the 1st abdominal segment, a transverse narrow fascia at the base of the 2nd and 3rd segments above, and an abbreviated line on each side at the base of the 4th and 5th segments, of snow-white pubescence ; the pollen- brush white.
480
apid;e.
cJ similar, smaller ; the coxce armed with short teeth ; the apical abdomiual segment notched in the middle.
Hub. Dehra Dun; Ahmedabad {Miss A. Broolc). $. Length 11-14 ; exp. 20-26 mm. 6 . Length 9 ; exj}. 19 mm.
858. Megachile faceta, n. sp.
$ . Head behind the ocelli, the cheeks, and thorax above densely and somewhat coarsely, and the ab- domen more sparsely and finely punctured ; the punctures on the head and thorax showing a tendency to run into longitudinal striae ; clypeus subtriangnlar, flat, its anterior margin transverse, -waved ; abdomen with broad, smooth, transverse depressed bands on the segments. Jet-black; the clypeus with short and thin, the front as high as the ocelli, and Fig.Wl.—Mfgachile the sides of the prouotum with dense and faceia,2- I- rather long fulvous pubescence; the outer half of the tegulse ferruginous; the median segment posteriorly, an abbreviated line on each side at the base of abdominal segments 2-5, and a transverse narrow line at the base of the 6th segment clothed with snow-white pubes- cence ; pollen-brush white ; wings hyaline at base, dark fuscous, having a purple effulgence from beyond the basal nervure.
Hab. Burma; Tenasserim. $. Length 12-14; e.rp. 22-23 mm. Type in the British Museum.
859. Megachile griseopicta, Hadoszh. Wiadom. z nauk Frzyrod. pt. ii
(1682), p. 80, § ; JDall. Ton: Cat. x, p. 432.
$ . Head and thorax finely punctured, shining ; clypeus conxex, triangular, its anterior margin arched. Black ; the front of the head, a broad line on the occiput, and the sides of the pro- and mesonotum with fulvous pubescence ; the median segment pos- teriorly, a spot at the base of the 1st abdominal segment, abbre- viated narrow fasciae on each side at the base of the 2nd, 3rd, 4th, and 5th, and an entire fascia across the base of the 6th segment covered with white pubescence ; wings hyahne at base, fuscous, ■with a purple effulgence towards apex.
Var. The fasciaj at the base of abdominal segments 2-6 wanting.
Hab. Sikhim {liadoszlcoivski) ; Tenasserim. ? . Length 12-14 ; ea?». 24-28 mm. j .i.-
I am not quite certain whether I have rightly identified this
species.
860. Megachile pulchripes, Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. sli, 1897. Q Head, thorax, and abdomen closely and coarsely puuctui-ed,
the face in front on both sides of the antennae, the sides of the thorax and median segment with short pubescence; clypeus transverse anteriorly, almost emarginate, subporrect ; a narrow
MBGAOniliB. 487
medial carina up to the base of the autenuffi, almost meeting a vertical short broad furrow running down trom the anterior ocellus ; scutellum large, prominent, overhanging the median secrment, and with an obtuse tooth on the posterior lateral angles. Black ; the anterior femora above and in front, the intermediate femora, and the posterior femora and tibia) testaceous yellow ; the pubescence on the head aud thorax and narrow transverse apical pubescent bands on abdominal segments 1-5 white ; pollen-brush snow-white ; wings hyaline, nervures and tegulse testaceous.
d similar, smaller ; the tibiaj and tarsi of all the legs testaceous yellow ; the basal four joints of the anterior tarsi liattened and
iobed exteriorly. . ^ r ^7 r>
Eab. Mussooree; Pegu Hills; Tenasserim. $. Lengtli b; exp. V2, mm. 6 ■ Length 5 ; ex£. 11 mm.
861. Megachile nana, n. sp.
$. Closely allied to if. pulcliripes, and resembling it, but there is no anteunal carina nor groove on the front; the scutellum is not prominent nor does it overhang the median seo-ment, and the latter is rounded posteriorly; head orbicular, inner orbits slightly but distinctly convergent below; the face iust above the base of the clvpeus has a rounded transverse broad projection ; the 2nd, 3rd, and 4th abdominal segments have a marlied transverse groove near the base above. Black ; the clypeus, sides of the face, the cheeks, sides of the thorax, the median segment, and transverse apical moderately broad fasciffi on abdo- minal segments 1-5 covered with snow-white pubescence; the fascia on the basal segment the narrowest, broadening laterally into a square patch of dense white pubescence; pollen-brush white ; legs black with sparse white pubescence, fulvous on the inside of the posterior tarsi ; wings hyaUne and iridescent.
c? similar, with a comparatively larger and broader head, covered with slightly fulvous pubescence in front ; anterior coxae dentate beneath ; only the 2nd and 3rd abdominal segments with a trans- verse groove above ; anal segment incised at apex and covered with dense snow-white pUe.
Hab. Tenasserim. 5 . Length 7-8 ; exp. 15 mm. S . Length 6*5 ; exp. 14 mm.
862. llegacliile albifrons, Smith, Cat. i, p. 180, $ 6 ; -Da/^. Torr. Cat.
X, p. 418.
5 . Head and thorax in front densely and closely, scutellum more coarsely, and abdomen somewhat sparsely and finely punc- tured; clypeus slightly convex, anteriorly rounded and hidden imder thick pubescence; head large, slightly wider than the thorax ; abdomen somewhat elongate, not cordate, the sides parallel, the apex broadly rounded, not acute, the margins of segments 2-4 above depressed. Black ; the clypeus and front, the pronotum, sides of the thorax, sides of the median segment, a
488
APIDiE.
broad lateral patch on the basal abdominal segment, and transverse lascias on the apical margins of segments 2-4 clothed with dense wbite pubescence ; the fasciaj on the abdomen spreading from the margin of one segment narrowly on to the base of the succeeding segment ; legs with fuscous black mixed with hoary pubescence, fulvous on the inside of the posterior tarsi ; wings subhyaline, fuscous towards the apex.
6 similar, smaller, with a white pubescent band also on the 5tb segment of the abdomen.
Hah. North- West Provinces ; Bombay. $ . Length 16 ; exp. 30 mm. cJ • Length 11-12 ; exp. 22-23 mm.
863. MegacMle femorata, S7mth, Nmv Sp. Bym. B. M. p. 68, $ j .
2 . Head, thorax, and abdomen finely and closely punctured and pubescent, the front and the tibiae and tarsi of the legs densely so; clypeus slightly convex with a medial smooth longi- tudinal line, its anterior margin slightly arched, hidden by the dense pubescence ; abdomen short, cordate. Black, the clypeus and cheeks with white pubescence ; on the front of the bead, the thorax, tibife and tarsi of the legs, and abdomen the pubescence is pale yellowish wbite, forming transverse bands on the apical margins of abdominal segments 1-5 above ; legs with the anterior femora beneath and the intermediate and posterior femora brownish yellow ; wings hyaline, sub-fuscescent along their apical margins.
d similar, smaller, with the legs in some specimens entirely brownish yellow, in others only the femora, as in the female, of that colour ; anal abdominal segment incised at apex, with several teeth along the margin.
Hah. Bombay ; Ahmedabad ; Allahabad ; Barrackpore. $ . Length 8-9; exp. 16-19 mm. cJ. Length 7 ; exp. 15 mm.
864. MegacMle vigilans, Smith, 2«<? Yca-k. Miss., Hym. p. 5, $ .
? Megachile albolineata, Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. xli, 1897.
5 . Head a little coarsely, thorax and abdomen very finely and closely punctured; head about as wide as the thorax; eyes sbghtly convergent below ; clypeus transverse, convex, anteriorly widely emarginate ; 2nd, 3rd, and 4th abdominal segments with a medial narrow but deep transverse groove above. Black, the inter- mediate and posterior femora dull orange-yellow ; the sides of the face, the pronotum and sides of the thorax, and narrow transverse fascisB on the apical margins of abdominal segments 1-5 -n-ith snow-white pubescence, the fasciae on the abdomen not following the margins of the segments in the middle but leaving a narrow border bare ; pollen-brush white ; the posterior tarsi on the inside with fulvous pubescence ; wings hyaline, slightly fuscescent towards the apex.
d similar, the head proportionately broader and more square ;
MEGACHILE.
489
the legs entirely black ; the pubescence on the clypeiis and face dense and slightly fulvous.
Hah. Ladak ; Sikhim ; Ceylon ; Tenasserim. 5 6 . Length 9-11 ; exp. 18-19 mm.
865. Megacliile hera, n. sp.
5 . Head, thoi'ax, and abdomen minutely and very closely punc- tured ; head broader than the thorax, flat, the cheeks uot much developed ; elypeus very slightly convex, rounded anteriorly, and with a small tubercle above its base ; abdomen cordiform. Black ; the sides of the elypeus, the front above the antennae, the sides of the thorax and the median segment with long soft white pubes- cence; the legs covered with short sparsely-set glittering white hairs ; the base of the abdomen with long white pubescence, and the apical margins of segments 1-5 with a short white fringe of the same ; pollen-brush white at base, fulvous on the apical four segments ; wings hyaline and iridescent, nervures and tegulse testaceous brown.
JIab. Tenasserim. d . Length 9 ; exj). 16 mm.
This pretty little species has somewhat the facies of a Lithurgus, but the mandibles are flat and quadridentate, and the abdomen shorter than in the species of that genus.
866. Megacliile chlorigaster, Ca?«. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc xli,
1897.
$ . Head, thorax, and abdomen closely and rather finely pimc- tured and pubescent .: elypeus nearly circular, strongly convex ; pronotum with its posterior margin transversely grooved, smooth and shining ; the scuteUum large, boldly arched posteriorly ; median segment rounded at the sides, truncate at apex, the face of the truncation smooth, its upper margin, with the sides of the segment also above, coarsely rugose ; abdomen with a subapical transverse groove along the margin of the 2nd segment above. Black, the pubescence snow-white ; the pollen-brush dense and fvilvous golden ; wings hyaline, nervures dark brown ; tegulae black.
Hah. Mussooree. $ . Length 7 ; ex^p. 15 mm. Type in coll. Eothney.
867. MegacMle tricincta, n. sp.
2 . Head, thorax, and abdomen finely and closely punctured ; head large, transverse, as wide as the thorax, eyes convergent below ; elypeus convex, arched anteriorly ; abdomen cordiform, depressed above, 2nd and 3rd segments with a transverse furrow above. Black ; the elypeus and front, sides of the thorax and of the median segment with tufted white, the sides of the scuteUum with fuscous pubescence ; the tarsi of the legs and a fine narrow
490
apid;e.
fringe on the 3rd, 4th, and 5th abdominal segments above with glittering ferruginous golden hairs ; pollen-brush golden yellow ; wings hyahne, fuscescent along their apical margins. Hah. "Tenasserim. $ . Length 9-10 ; eap, 17 mm.
868. Megachile moelleri, n. sp.
5 . Head and thorax densely and coarsely punctured, the punctures on the mesonotum and scutelhim running into irregular waved, coarse, transverse striae ; clypeus subtriangular, coarsely reticulate, anteriorly transverse in the middle, oblique at the sides, the margin slightly recurved, the disc with a T-shaped carina ; mesonotum raised, flat ; a deep obliquely diverging smooth groove above the tegulse on each side ; the tegulas and the median seg- ment posteriorly smooth ; abdomen with deep transverse grooves at the base of segments 2-5 above ; basal segment very finely and closely punctured; segments 2-5 with their margins broadly depressed, densely and more coarsely punctured; the narrow basal portion between the groove and the depression on the 4th and 5th segments smooth ; apical margin of the 5th and the whole of the 6th segment above densely pubescent. Black, a little fuscous pubescence between the antennaj and on the sides posteriorly of the median segment ; the apical margin of the 5th and the whole of the 6th segment above with dense short clay- coloured pubescence; pollen-brush ferruginous red ; wings hyahne, slightly fuscescent. r
Hai Eangit Valley, Sikhim, 1000 fc. ? . Length 14-15 ; exp.
24 mm.
869. Megachile steloides, Bmgh. Jour. Bomb. N. H. Soc. x, 1896,
p. 198, pi. i,fig. 5, ?.
2 Head and abdomen finely and closely punctured, the margins of the segments of the latter narrowly smooth and shining: thorax more densely and less finely punctured and having a granular appearance; clypeus anteriorly very shghtly bisinuate, bluntly carmate down the middle; thorax with the scutellum strongly projecting backwards, the margin notched, overhaneiog the metathorax and median segment; abdomen broad, subcordate. Black and shining, the tibiffi and tarsi of the legs and the apical two abdominal segments bright testaceous brown; pollen-brush testaceous yellow, with agoldeu tint mcertam hghts ; wings hyaline, darkening to light fuscous along the apical margius.
Bab. Kangit Valley, Sikhim. ? . Length 13-14 ; exp. 2b- 30 mm.
Genus ANTHIDIUM. Anthidium, Fabr. Sijst. Piez. p. 364 (1804). Type, A. manicatum, Eabr. Banqe. Both hemispheres.
Head nearly as wide as the thorax ; ocelh in a triangle on the
ANTHIDIUM.
491
vertex - antenna) filiform, the scape subclavate, the basal joint of the flasellum subglobose ; labial palpi 4-jointed, the 2nd joint lon<rer than the 1st, the 3rd and 4th minute and articulated below the°apex of the 2nd joint, both apical joints subclavate ; maxillary palpi 2-joiated, basal joint short, cup-shaped. Thorax subglobose ; seutellum produced back, overhanging the median segment, lunate, sometimes wedge-shaped with the posterior margin transverse; leo-s stout, the posterior tibia? and tarsi sometimes dilated ; wings moderately broad and ample, the radial cell in the fore wing long and narrow, the apex somewhat rounded, not closely approximate
Vig. 162— Aiitkidium. 1, labium ; "Fig. IGS.—Anthiditm laiipes, 2 ■ t- 2, maxilla. (Much enlarged.)
to the costal margin ; two cubital cells, the 2nd receiving the 1st recurrent uervure near the base, the 2nd recurrent nervure inter- stitial with the 2nd transverse cubital nervure, or sometimes received beyond the apex of the 2nd cubital cell. Abdomen oblong, sometimes conical, the base truncate, the apex broadly rounded ( $ ) and furnished with a dense pollen-brush, in the male emar- ginate, dentate, and spined. The male, contrary to the general rule in hymenopterous insects, nearly always larger than the female.
Key to the Species.
A. Seutellum broad wedge-shaped, posterior mar-
gin transverse.
a. Black, with white puhescent spots on abdo- [p. 492.
minal segments A. lachrymosum,
b. Black, with yellow non-pubescent spots on [p. 492.
abdominal segments A.Jlavomaculatum,
B. Seutellum lunate, posterior margin rounded. [p. 493. o. Colours ferruginous and yeUow A.pulchellum,
492
b. Colours black and yellow.
a'. Abdomeu with a series of four yellow spots placed transversely across the seg- ments.
a^. Basal and apical segments with only
two yellow spots A. imitator, p. 493.
b'^. Basal segment with four yellow spots. a^. Apical segment with two yeUow
spots A. ardens, p. 494.
P. Apical segment immaculate A.ordi?iatum,T^. 4M.
b' , Abdomen with transverse yellow fasciie, more or less medially interrupted, or elongate lateral yellow spots. a^. Posterior tibito and tarsi broadly di- lated A. latipes, p. 495.
6°. Posterior tibias and tarsi not dilated.
a'. Head and thorax immaculate A. fraternutn, p. 495.
b". Head and thorax variegated with yellow.
«*. Basal two abdominal segments vnth widely interrupted broad transverse yellow fasciae ; re- maining segments with broad
lateral yellow spots A. orientale, p. 495.
6'. All the abdominal segments with more or less narrowly interrupted narnno transverse yellow fasciae . . A. rasorium, p. 496.
870. Anthidium lachrymosum, Smith, New iSp. Hxjm. B. M. p. 87,
$ cJ ; -DaZ/. Torr. Cat. x, p. 463.
5 . Head and thorax closely, coarsely, and strongly, the base of the abdominal segments broadly, more finely, and hghtly punctured ; clypens very slightly convex, transverse anteriorly ; scutellum very broad, somewhat wedge-shaped, its posterior margin transverse ; abdomen broadly conical. Black ; the sides of the face, the cheeks, a spot on the mesonotum anteriorly, a patch under the wings, and lateral spots on abdominal segments 1-5 covered with dense, the legs with a thin white pubescence ; fore ■wing dark fuscous, with a hyaUne spot beyond the 2nd discoidal cell ; hind wing hyaUne.
cJ very similar ; abdominal segments 3-5 with lateral teeth, the 6th segment with three apical teeth.
Hob. Malabar; Bombay; Tenasserim. $ S- Length 5-8; exp. 14-17 mm.
871. Anthidium flavomaculatum. Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc.
xli, 1897.
5 . Head, thorax, and abdomen finely and closely punctured, the pronotum and the apical margins of the abdominal segments narrowly smooth and impunctate ; the scutellum large, broad, transverse posteriorly. Black ; the clypeus, sides of the face below the bases of the antennae broadly, a large spot on the front, a broad line on the cheeks meeting on the vertex above, the
ASTHIDIUM.
493
tubercles, the lateral and anterior margins of the mesonotnm, widely interrupted on the latter, two diamond-shaped obliquely- placed spots occupying nearly the whole surface of the scutellum, the legs entirely (except the coxaj), and broad linear lateral markings on segments 1-5 of the abdomen yellow ; wmgs hyaline, the fore wing shaded broadly at apex and along the costal and anal margins with fuscous ; nervures dark brown, tegulte yellow. Hah. Poona. ?. Length 5; c.r^j. 11 mm. Type in coll. Eothney.
872. Anthidium pulchellum, Elug, Symb. Phys. dec. 3, pi. xxviii,
fig. 11, $ ; Ball. Torr. Cat. x, p. 468.
J . Head, thorax, and abdomen somewhat coarsely punctured, giving them a granular appearance, the apical margins of abdo- minal segments 1-5 smooth and shining; scutellum convex, its anterior margin rounded and fringed with pubescence, rounded posteriorly, slightly incised or emarginate in the middle ; abdomen broad, strongly curved, very convex above ; anal segment very broad, nearly transverse posteriorly, the margin slightly recurved, a short carina down the middle ending in a rounded short tooth. Ferruginous ; the clypeus, a broad stripe on the cheeks, continued along the occiput, a narrow stripe on each side of the mesonotum anteriorly, bent and passing by the tegulse, a broad stripe on the posterior margin of the scutellum, and the legs pale yellow ; the antennae in front fulvous, the space between them and the clypeus with sparse white pubescence ; the legs with pale glittering pubes- cence, turning to golden on the inside of the posterior tibiae and tarsi ; wings fusco-byaline, nervures dark brown, tegulse yellow with a feiTuginous spot in the middle.
ffab. Bombay ( Wroughton) ; Egypt ; Nubia ; Arabia, c? • Length 9 ; exp. 17 mm.
873. Anthidium imitator, Smith, Nm Sp. Bym. B. M. p. 85, cJ; Ball.
Torr. Cat. x, p. 462.
cJ . Head and thorax finely and closely punctured, opaque ; abdomen shining, the surface lightly but very minutely and densely punctured ; clypeus very shghtly convex, transverse anteriorly ; abdomen somewhat elongate, strongly convex above ; apical seg- ment trifurcate at extreme apex and with a small lateral tooth. Black ; the clypeus and front, the pronotum anteriorly, the sides of the thorax and of the median segment with long pale fulvous pubescence ; the tibiae and tarsi of the legs with more sparse and brighter pubescence ; the clypeus and front below the base of the antennae, the scape of the antennae in front, a minute spot above the eyes, the tibiae and tarsi above, a spot on each side of the basal abdominal segment, two spots (one lateral, one more towards the middle) joined by a narrow line on each side of seg- ments 2-5, and a square spot on each side of the middle of the 6tb segment, yellow ; wings subhyaline.
Hah. Punjab. cJ . Length 13-15 ; exp. 26 mm.
494
874. AntMdium ardens, Smith, New Sp. Hym. B.M.^. 85, 2 ; Doll.
Ton: Cat. x, p. 45G.
5 . Head, thorax, and abdomen closely and finely punctured ; clvpe'us slightly convex, the apical margin arched; scutellum siiblunate, the middle incised posteriorly ; abdomen short, convex, Black • the face on each side as high as the base of the antennas, the base of the mandibles, four minute spots on the posterior margin of the vertex, a transverse abbreviated line on each side of the mesonotum anteriorly, another over the tegute, the posterior margin of the scutellum, two longitudinal spots on the disc ot the mesonotum, a series of four spots in a transverse line across each of abdominal segments 1-5, and two spots medially side by side on the 6th segment, yellow; the inner two spots on the basal se^^ment are minute, and on the 4th and 5th segments are joined to" the outer spots by narrow yellow lines; legs with the tOTSt. pale yellowish ; the clypeus sparsely, the front of the head sides of the thorax, and legs with white pubescence ; pollen-brush pale and glittering; wings subhyaUne, apical and costal margins of tore wing fuscescent.
Hal. Western India. 5 . Length 9 ; e.rp. 19 mm. 6 un- known.
875. Anthidium orduiatum. (PI. HI, fig. 13.) ^ . „ ,
Smith, Neio Sp. Hym. B. M. p. 86, $ d ; DM. Torr. Cat. x, p. 467.
0 Head and thorax finely and very densely punctured, opaque; abdomen shinmg, minutely punctui-ed, the apical margins of the segments shghtly depressed; clypeus transverse anteriorly; cutellum sublunate, slightly convex, rounded posteriorly Black- the base of the mandibles, the sides of the clypeus and face, ihe outer margins sometimes of the mesonotum ante- rSrly and on the sides, and of the scutellum posteriorly and a series of four spots placed transversely across abdommal seg- ^Jnts 1-4 pale yellow ; the thorax above clothed with fulvous bro ; the Ses 'of the thorax, the legs, and sides of the abdomen S^jrwhite pubescence; the pollen-brush white ; the inner spots ^ the abdominal segments pear-shaped and placed obliquely w'ngs hyalinMuscous along the costal and towards the apical
'^T^'siniilar ; the clypeus and face up to the base of the antenna an interrupted line on the posterior margin of the vertex, the Ler ma^^^S of the tegula,the lateral angles and posterior margin medXof L scutellum, a line on the anterior and mtermediate S above, a spot at the base of each posterior tibia, four con- tSimis spo s on the 5th abdominal segment and two on the 6th ^Z . the 6th segment furnished laterally with a spine, the ith
Po'na ; Bombay ; Kar^hi. ? . Length 10-13 ; .r,. 20- 22 mm. 6 . Length 14-15 ; exj>. 26 mm.
AITTHIDirM.
495
876. AntMdium latipes, n. sp.
2 . Head and thorax somewhat coarsely and very closely and strongly punctured, giving them an opaque granular look ; abdomen shining, more lightly and sparsely punctured; clypeus much broader than high, anteriorly arched and margined; scutellum lunate, slightly convex, and notched posteriorly in the middle. Black ; a spot at the base of the mandibles, the clypeus except its anterior maro-iu narrowlv, and two spots at its base, the face on each side below the base of the antennfB, a line on the cheeks, a line above the teo-ulfe, a medially interrupted short line on the posterior margiiTof the scutellum, a square spot on eaeh_ side of the 1st abdominal segment, an elongate spot on each side of the 2nd, a broadly interrupted transverse fascia across the 3rd and 4th, an entire transverse fascia on the 5th, and the whole of the 6th seg- ment above, bright yellow ; legs black, variegated with yellow and ferruginous ; the posterior tibiae and basal joints of the tarsi flattened and covered with glittering golden hairs ; pollen-brush golden : wings hyaline, faintly fuscescent along the costal margin of the fore wing ; nervures testaceous, tegulee black narrowly edged with yellow.
Hah. Earigoon, Burma. $ . Length 9 ; exp. 17 mm.
877. AntMdium fraternum, n. sp.
5 . Allied to and resembling A. latipes : differs in the posterior tibis) and basal joint of the tarsi not being dilated and flat; the head and thorax more densely punctured and granular ; _ the abdomen by contrast much more finely punctured and shining; scutellum rounded posteriorly. Black ; the head, thorax, legs, and basal abdominal segment immaculate ; an elongate lateral spot on the 2ud, a transverse band broadly interrupted in the middle on the 3rd, another transverse band narrowly interrapted on the 4th, an entire transverse band on the 5th, and the whole of the 6th segment above, yellow ; head in front, the thorax, and legs sparsely covered with silvery ptibescence ; pollen-brush white ; wings light fusco-hyaline, darker along the costal margin of the fore wing.
Hah. Tenasserim. § . Length 9 ; exp. 17 mm. Type in the British Museum.
878. Anthidium orientale, n. sp.
5 . Head, thorax, and abdomen finely and very densely punc- tured, slightly shining ; clypeus anteriorly transverse, fringed with somewhat stiff pubescence ; scutellum rounded posteriorly : abdo- men slightly curved, strongly convex above. Black ; the base of the mandibles, the clypeus, the face on each side of it, a narrow stripe broadening above along the inner orbits almost to the top of the ej'^es, a spot below the anterior ocellus, a broad stripe on each cheek, nearly meeting on the posterior margin of the vertex, a stripe on each side of the mesonotum anteriorly, bent almost at a right angle and passing by the tegulae, a spot on the tegulte in front, a broad stripe on the posterior margin of the scutellum,
496
interrupted in the middle, the apex of the femora beneath, the tibiai above (in the fore lega the tarsi above also), and broad trans- verse lateral spots on abdominal segments 1-5, bright yellow; the head, thorax, and abdomen with a sparse glittering pale pubescence ; the pollen-brush white ; wings hyaline, fuscous along the costal margin.
Hah. Tenasserim. 5 . Length 8 ; exp. 16 mm. c? unknown.
879. Anthidium rasorium, Smith, Trans. Ent. Soc. 1875, p. 50, 2d; Ball. Torr. Cat. x, p. 469. Anthidium rufipes, S7}iith {riec Fabr.), Neio Sj}. Hym. B. M. p. 85.
$ . Head, thorax, and abdomen finely and closely punctured ; clypeus slightly convex, anteriorly rounded, and densely pubescent; scutellum broadly lunate, almost subtriangular, notched in the middle posteriorly; abdomen convex, strongly curved. Black, covered all over with a soft white down, the clypeus and front with dense white pubescence; the legs and abdomen beneath ferruginous ; the clypeus, face as high as the base of the antennse, a spot on the mandibles, and a line on the cheeks continued along the margin of the vertex, white ; a line on each side of the meso- notum near the tegulte, joining a line along the posterior margin of the scutellum, and a fascia across the middle of each segment yellow, the fascia on the 1st segment reduced to a lateral spot, on the 2nd widely, on the others narrowly interrupted in the middle ; basal joint of posterior tarsi white ; wings hyaline and iridescent.
S similar, but the markings all paler, those on the abdomen forming an entire transverse band on the 1st, narrowly interrupted bauds on the 2nd-5th segments, and a lunate spot in the middle of the 6th segment ; the 7th segment very broad, transverse apically and tridentate.
Hal. Bengal; Central Provinces; Bombay; Bangalore; Burma; Tenasserim. $ . Length 7 ; exj). 13 mm. <S . Length 8 ; exp. 14 mm.
Genus STELIS. Stelis, Pam. Krit. lievis. Faun. Deutschl. ii, p. 246 (1806).
Type, S. aterrima, Panz. Range. Both hemispheres.
Head convex anteriorly, transverse posteriorly, cheeks mode- rately well developed ; ocelli in a triangle on vertex ; antenuse filiform, geniculated ; labial palpi 4-jointed, basal two joints the longest, the 1st about two-thirds the length of the 2nd, the 3rd and 4th minute ; maxillary palpi 2-jointed, both joints miuute. Thorax subglobose, the-scutellum more or less produced backwards ; Fig. m.-Stelis cornuta. 2 . y „,iug with the radial cell at
apex not approximate to the costal margin; two cubital cells, subequal
STJDLIS.
497
on the cubital nervure, the 2nd cell receiving the Ist recurrent nerviire near the base, the 2ncl recurrent nervure joining the cubital nerrare beyond the apex of the cell ; legs slight, wdthout pubescence. Abdomen broad, very convex above, strongly curved downwards ; the female not provided with a pollen-brush.
Stelis is parasitic on Osmia in Europe. Nothing is known of the habits of the two Indian species. One of these, <S^. cornuta, I have placed in the genus Sielis with much doubt. In the shape of its head and, above all, in the remarkable horned mandibles it differs considerably from tj^ical forms of that genus.
Key to the Species.
a. Mandibles normal, not produced at base 8. parmla, p. 497.
b. Mandibles at base produced into a prominent
triangular tooth S. cornuta, p. 497.
880. Stelis parvula, Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. xli, 1897.
d . Head, thorax, and abdomen closely and coarsely punctured, somewhat thickly pubescent, the pubescence longer and most dense on the head in front and the sides and front of the pro- notum ; mesonotum with an obscure median longitudinal fuiTow ; abdomen longer than the head and thorax, strongly convex above. Black ; the pubescence hoary, snow-white on the clypeus and face in front ; the posterior lateral angles of the seute'llum, a spot at the base of all the tibiiB, a broad border to the tegulas, a more or less lengthened spot on each side of all the segments of the abdo- men, with a second similar inner spot on the 3rd, 4th, and 5th segments, dull whitish yeUow ; antennae fulvous brown beneath ; wings hyaline, nervures testaceous.
Hah. Barrackpore. d . Length 4 ; exp. 8 mm. Tvpe in coll. Eothney.
A true Stelis, the abdomen not toothed at apex, with the markings of Anthidium.
881. Stelis cornuta, n. sp.
?. Head and thorax finely and very closely, abdomen more minutely and densely punctured; clypeus much broader than high, transverse, its anterior margin straightly truncate, with a square emargination in the middle ; mandibles very long, massive, the base with a recurved projecting strong triangular tooth ; the apex of the mandible minutely tridentate. Black ; the mandibles on the outside except at base and apex, the clypeus broadly along the apical margin, an elongate mark between and a little above the base of the antennas, a broad stripe along the inner orbits reaching very nearly to the top of the eyes, another broad stripe on each cheek continued along the posterior margin of the vertex a snake-like mark forming a double loop on the mesonotum the scutellum, an abbreviated stripe on the anterior and intermediate femora behind and on the posterior femora in front, and transverse
TOL. I. 9
498
APIDjE.
stripes across the middle of tlie abdominal segments, yellow; the antenniB, the legs, and the black portions of the abdomen more or less piceous ; the scape of the antennaa in front fulvous ; wings hyaline, bright fulvous along the costal mai'gin.
Hah. Eangoon, Burma. 5 . LemjOi 10 ; exp. 22 mm. The type and only specimen as yet known is in the British Museum.
Genus PAREVASPIS.
Parevaspis, Ritsema, Tijd. v. JEnt. xvii, p. Ixxi (1874).
Type, P. abdominalis, Smith. Range. Indo-Malayan region.
Head transverse, as broad as the thorax ; ocelli in a broad curve on the vertex ; inner orbits of eyes parallel ; clypeus convex, broad ; mandibles broad, armed with three teeth ; antennse fili- form ; labial palpi 4-jointed, the basal joint more than twice the length of the 2nd joint, apical two joints minute, articulated to
Fig. IQb.— Parevaspis. 1, Maxilla ; 2, labium ; 3, antenna ; 4, face from front. (Much enlarged.)
the side of the apex of the 2nd joint ; maxillary palpi 2- jointed, both joints minute; scutellum broad, flat, horizontal, deeply incised at apex, the sides rounded; legs short, slight, without dense pubescence^ or scopa. Tore wings with the radial cell subacute at apex; two cubital cells, the 2nd cubital cell receiving the 1st recurrent nervure near the base, the 2nd recurrent nervure terminating beyond the apex of the cell. Abdomen broad, sub- ovate, convex above, subconcave beneath; the apical segments curved downwards ; the anal segment ( $ ) rounded and slightly incised in the middle posteriorly, ( 6 ) tridentate posteriorly.
This genus is very close to Stelis, but the mouth-parts are dif- ferent, and the male anal segment in the latter is rounded, not
PARBTASPIS. — OEEATINA.
499
tridentate. Parevaspis is parasitic on the leafcutter bees {Mega- chile). I ha\'e seen P. abdominalis entering the nest of M, dis- juncta.
Key to the Sjpecies.
a. Abdomen red P. abdominalis, p. 499.
b. Abdomen black P. carbonaria, p. 499.
882. Parevaspls abdominalis.
Stelis abdominalis, Smith, Jour. Linn. Soc. 1859, p. 79, . Parevaspis abdominalis, Dall. Torr. Cat. x, p. 480.
$ . Head, thorax, and abdomen closely, evenly, and somewhat
coarsely punctured; clypeus boldly convex, crossed near the base by a transverse short carina at right angles to a carina between the bases of the antennas ; a short, slightly oblique car- ina runs also from the base of each antenna up the fi'ont ; the apical m.2iV- 'Eig.im.— Parevaspis abdominalis, 2- |. gins of the abdominal seg- ments narrowly smooth, impunctate. Head and thorax black ; abdomen ferruginous red ; the sides a,nd apex of the clypeus, the sides of the face and the occiput with white pubescence ; wings fuscous, with a rich purple eifulgence, hyaline towards the base.
6 similar, somewhat more finely punctured on the head, mesonotum, and abdomen.
Hab. Burma ; Tenasserim ; the Malayan region to Celebes ; Japan? $. Length 9-15; 6^72^,18-28 mm. d". Length 9-10; exp. 19-21 mm.
883, Parevaspis carbonaria.
Stelis carbonaria, Smith, Cat. ii, p. 275. Parevaspis carbonaria, Dull. Torr. Cat. x, p, 480.
? 6 . Closely resembling and allied to P. abdominalis ; not so coarsely punctured, the front and space between the bases of the antennffi slightly raised, with a medial carina beneath running on to the base of the clypeus. The entire head, thorax, and abdomen black.
Eab. Bombay; Ahmedabad; the Punjab ; Allahabad ; Eangoon ; Mandalay ; Ceylon. § ,S . Length 8-12 ; exp. 18-25 mm.
Genus CERATINA.
Ceratina, Latr. Hist. Nat. Ins. xiy, p. 60 (1805).
Type, C. alhilabris, Fabr. Range. Both hemispheres.
Head transverse ; front flat or with sulcations round the base-
2 K 2
500
2
Fig. l&J.—Ceratina. 1. Maxilla; 2. labium. (Much enlarged.)
of the antennas ; ocelli in a triangle on the vertex ; antennae short,
subclavate ; mandibles stout, triden- tate ; labial palpi 4-ioiuted, basal two joints elongate, ajiical two minute ; maxillary palpi G-jointed, basal three joints subequal, apical three gradually decreasing in length. Thorax ovate ; fore wing with the radial cell rounded at apex, the apex not approximate to the costal margin ; three cubital cells, the 2nd forming a tnincated triangle, the 2nd and 3rd cells each receiving a recurrent nervure beyond the middle ; legs short, fairly stout, des- titute of poUiniferous appendages. Abdomen slightly narrowed at base.
Of the Lidian species I have only observed the nests of C. jperforairix, made in the hollow of a dead shoot of the branching bamboo (PseudostacJiymn compaciiflorum, Kurz), and of C. viriclissima, DaU. Torr., tunnelled into the dead stems of the common castor-oil plant.
Key to the Species.
A . Metallic green, bluish or bronzed green, with
a few yellow markings.
a. Abdomen entirely green.
a'. Length 8-10 mm
b'. Length 4r-5 mm
b. Abdomen green, segments 4-6 with square
velvety-black lateral spots
c. Abdomen green, banded with yellow ....
B. Head and thorax black, abdomen entii-ely
feiTuginous red
C. Black, variegated with yellow.
a. A J.-shaped yellow macula on clypeus._ a'. Basal three abdominal segments im- maculate
b'. Abdominal segments 1-5 with a yellow transverse band
b. Clypeus entirely yellow. a'. Apical three abdominal segments black,
immaculate
h'. Abdominal segments 1-5 with broad entire transverse yellow bands ......
c. Clypeus with a transverse yellow line
slightly broadened in the middle. a'. Space at base of median segment with
wide reticulations
i'. Space at base of median segment mi- nutely punctured
C. viridissima, p. 501. C. propinqua, p. 501.
C. sexmaciilata, p. 501. C. tap-ohancB, p. 502.
C. pida, p. 502.
C. pei-forati-tA; p. 502. C. Ideroglyphica, p. 503.
C. moderata, p. 504. C. beaia, p. 604.
C. h2nda, p. 505. C. simillma, p. 505.
CERATINA.
501
884. Ceratina viridissima.
Ceratina viridis, Guer. (nec Latr.) Icon. Rhjn. Anim., Ins. p. 449,
pi. 73, fig-. (3 ; Smith, Cat. ii, p. 224. Cenitiua viridissima, Dall. Ton: Cat. x, p. 201.
2 cS . Head, thorax, and abdomen finely and closely punctured, granular ; clypeus elongate triangular, naargined all round, and with a medial longitudinal carina ; mesonotum convex, with two medial parallel impressed lines, and an abbreviated impressed line on each side of and parallel to them ; abdomen with segments 1-5 marked with a short obscure impressed line on each side above, just before the apical margin. Bright green, sometimes blue, metallic and shining; clypeus and a line on all the tibicB above yellow ; mandibles, labrum, antenn£e, legs, and the im- pressed lines on the thorax and abdomen black, the legs sometimes with a greenish or bluish tint and covered with hoary white pubescence ; wings hyaline and iridescent, nervures and tegulse testaceous brown.
Hab. Apparently throughout India, Burma, and Ceylon ; Assam; China; Malacca. The specimens from the Punjab and Western India have a golden-bronzy tint ; those from Ceylon and Burma are darker. $ . Length 8-10 ; exp. 16-17 mm.
885. Ceratina propinqua. Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soo. xli, 1897.
5 . Head coarsely punctured ; the front above the clypeus and round the base of the antennse hollow ; the carina thus formed between the lateral hollows forked below the anterior ocellus, the lateral branches running to the posterior ocelli ; mesonotum, scutellum, postscutellum, and median segment minutely and closely punctured ; median segment very short, with a very steep slope posteriorly, the enclosed rugose space at base very small ; abdomen closely punctured, the basal two segments minutely punctate, the remainder with gradually coarser punctures towards the apex, the apical three segments thinly pubescent. Dark bluish green; an elongate pyramidal spot on the clypeus, the tubercles, and a stripe on the tibij© above yellowish white ; antennae, mandibles, and legs piceous ; tarsi testaceous ; wings hyaline, .nervures and tegulse testaceous.
Hab. Mussooree, Northern India. 5 . Length 4-5 ; exp. 8 mm.
886. Ceratina sexmaculata, StJiith, New Sp. Hym. B. M. p. 92, d" ; Dall. Ton: Cat. x, p. 200.
5 . Head, thorax, and abdomen closely punctured, with a granular appearance; cly- peus impunctate, faintly vertically carinate ;
T,. ^ ,. median segment very short, not more than
Pig. 168.— Ceratma „ • i ..u ii 4. 4. 4.
sexmaculata, $. ?. 2 mm. m length, vertically truncate poste- riorly, the edge of the truncation above mar- gined. Bright emerald-green, the clypeus yellow ; the antennae and legs chestnut-brown, the last variegated with yellow ; abdominal
502
AJPIDJB.
segments 4-6 with a square velvety black spot on each side of the middle above, the spots decreasing in size posteriorly ; wings hyaline with a faint yellow tint, nervures and teguliB testaceous.
J similar ; the apical margin of the 6th segment crenulate and subdentate in the middle, the 7th with a longer acute tooth medially.
Hah. Hong Kong ; Upper Burma ; Tenasserim ; extending to Celebes. $ c? . Length 7-8 ; exp, ] 2 mm.
887. Ceratina taprobanse, Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. xli, 1897.
$ . Head and thorax very minutely and closely punctured ; median segment on the sides and at apex very finely striolate, the enclosed space at base rugose ; the scutellum and postscutellum fringed with long hairs ; the head and abdomen thinly pubescent. Green and shining ; the clypeus, labrum, and palpi yellow ; the clypeus with two black lines ; the scape of the antennae above and below, the flagellum beneath, a line on the pronotum, and the tubercles yellow; the legs variegated and the abdomen banded with yellow ; scutellum dark purple ; wings hyaline, nervures and tegulsB pale testaceous.
Hab. Ceylon. $ . Length 3-4 ; exp. about 6 mm. Type in coll. Eothney.
888. Ceratina picta, Smith, Cat. ii, p. 224, $ ; Ball. Torr. Cat. x,
p. 199.
5 . Head with a few scattered punctures ; mesonotum anteriorly and posteriorly closely and finely punctured, smooth, polished, and shining in the middle; abdomen finely punctured, the punctures more dense on the apical three segments, the margins of segments 2-5 narrowly depressed; clypeus flat, transverse anteriorly; median segment rounded and steep posteriorly, the space at base above flat or slightly depressed, with a medial somewhat obscure longi- tudinal carina, which runs to the apex of the segment. Head, thorax, and legs jet-black, shining : the labrum and base of the mandibles, a line along the apical margin of the clypeus, two very short vertical lines running up from it medially, a line along the inner orbits broadening below, a broader line along the outer- orbits, two oblique spots below the anterior ocellus, a transverse line on the pronotum, two medial longitudinal parallel lines on the disc of the mesonotum, and two sublunate contiguous spots on the scutellum yellow ; the legs black, the tibiaB above and the tarsi obscurely rufo-testaceous ; abdomen entirely ferruginous ; wings fusco-hyaline and iridescent.
Hah. Ceylon (Smith). $ . Lenc/th 7 ; exp. 14 mm.
889. Ceratina perforatrix. Smith, New Sp. Sym. B. M. p. 92, J.
5 . Head and face and mesonotum anteriorly sparingly punc- tured ; abdomen somewhat more closely and very finely punctured ; head, thorax, and abdomen polished and shining ; median segment
CBEATIITA.
503
steeply sloped, rounded posteriorly, with a medially impressed longi- tudinal line ; the bases of the 2nd and 3rd abdominal segments deeply constricted, their apical margins depressed. Black ; a broad J.-shaped mark on the clypeus, a squarish spot on each side of it, a spot on the labrum, a line on the cheeks, a transverse fascia on the apical margin of the 4th abdominal segment, broadening slightly in the middle, and another on the 5th, broadening considerably in the middle, yellow ; the legs black with sparse black hairs, the underside of the tarsi with dense Pi,, 169 -Ceratina gol^leu pubescence ; the wings fusco-hyaline. perforairix, 2- i- ' ^^i^^rs in the yellow markings on the face
being broader; the 4th and 5th abdominal seoments have a yellow fascia on the apical margins, those on the 4th being interrupted in the middle, the 6th with a medial yellow spot ; the legs rufo-piceous, not black.
ffah. Assam ; Pegu Hills ; Tenasserim. 5 . Length 12 ; ex^ . 22 mm. d . Length 10 ; exj). 20 mm.
890. Ceratina MeroglypMca. (PI. IV, fig. 3.)
Smith, Cat. ii, p. 226, $ r? ; Dall. Torr. Cat. x, p. 199. ? Ceratina flavopicta, Moraioitz (nec Smith), Hor. Soc. Ent. Moss.
xxiv (1890), p. 356. ? Ceratina morawitzii," Stadehn. Zoolog. Jahrb., Syst. viii (1894) p. 233.
2 . Head above and the hollow on the front below the ocelli somewhat coarsely, the thorax and abdomen more finely punctured, the punctures on the abdomen emitting short decumbent hairs ; the clypeus, disc of the mesonotum, and basal abdominal segment smooth and shining, the clypeus having a few scattered fine punc- tures ; median segment narrowed at apex and rounded posteriorly. Black ; a J.-shaped mark on the clypeus, a lunate spot above it, a stripe on each side broadened below, a spot above each antenna, a broad stripe on each cheek, another on the pronotum, two parallel longitudinal lines on the mesonotum, another short one on each side over the tegulse, a broad squarish mark on the middle of the scutellum, the tubercles, the legs except the coxeb, trochanters, and Eeraora above, and transverse subapical fascife on the segments of the abdomen, yellow ; the fascia on the 1st abdominal segment broadened in the middle and roundly incised anteriorly on each side, that on the 2nd broad, latei-ally attenuated on each side of the middle, the fascia on the 3rd segment broadly interrupted in the middle and widest laterally, on the 4th broadest in the middle where it is narrowly interrupted, the 5th segment with a broad truncate cone-shaped spot in the middle, the 6th segment black ; legs slightly pubescent; wings hyaline, more or less fuscescent; nervures and tegulse testaceous.
504
Var. The longitudinal lines on the mesonotum absent, the fascia on the basal abdominal segment not biemarginate anteriorly, but enclosing a black spot on each side.
c? similar to the $ , but \\ ith the yellow markings broader, the scape of the antenna in front and the anterior femora yellow.
Bab. Mussooree ; Dehra ; JBarrackpore ; Sikhim ; Bangalore ; Assam ; Burma ; Tenasserim ; extending into China and the Malayan region. $ d . Length 9-11; exp. 16-17 mm.
891. Ceratina moderata, Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Sue. xli, 1897.
2 . Head, thorax, and abdomen punctured, the punctures shallow and somewhat distantly placed, on the front of the bead and face slightly closer and stronger ; thorax in front and on the sides and apex, and abdomen with a thin soft pubescence ; median segment rounded posteriorly, the enclosed space at base concave, very minutely punctm-ed and rugose. Black ; the clypeus, a broad triangular spot above it, an irregular line on each side along the lower part of the inner orbits, the tubercles, the anterior tibiae above, the intermediate and posterior tibia3 in front, lengthened spots on each side of the 2nd and 3rd, and small round lateral spots on the 4th segment of the abdomen, yellow ; the tibiae with some ferruginous stains, and the tarsi fusco-ferruginous ; pubescence fuscous ; wings hyaline, nervm'es testaceous.
Hah. Mussooree. $ . Length 5 ; exjp. 11 mm. Type in coll. Eothney.
892, Ceratina beata, Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. xli, 1897.
5 . Head smooth, with a few shallow punctures ; mesonotum, scutellum, postscutellum, and abdomen finely and closely punctured, the punctures A^ery shallow ; mesonotum with an abbreviated longi- tudinally impressed median line anteriorly; median segment short, opaque, rounded posteriorly, with almost a vertical slope to the apex; the enclosed space at its base contracted, punctured and rugose. Black ; the clypeus, a square mark above it, a T-shaped mark above that, a line on the inner orbits, a transverse line on the occiput, a broad one on each cheek, the prothorax and tubercles, two short inner parallel and two still shorter lateral divergent lines on the mesonotum, the middle of the scutellum and post- scutellum, the mesopleuras below, the mesosternum, the legs, and broad transverse bands on the abdomen, yellow; wings hyaline, nervures testaceous, tegulae yellow.
Var. a. The clypeus and front up to the anterior ocellus yellow.
Var. h. The mesonotum without the divergent yellow lines on the disc ; the yellow bands on the abdomen narrow, widest in the middle.
OBEATINA. — ALLODAPB.
505
Hab. Ceylon; Burma; Tenasserim. $. Length 5-7; exp. 9-14 mm.
893. Ceratina lepida, Smith, New Sp. Hym. B. M. p. 92, J ; Dull.
Ton: Cat. x, p. I'M.
2 . Head, thorax, and abdomen shining, punctured, the punc- tures larger and more sparse on the face in front audthe mesonotum, densest on the abdomen; median segment with a large lunate concave space at base, widely reticulate. Black; a transverse tri- lobed spot on the clypeus, a wide subtriangular spot above it, a narrow line along the inner orbits not reaching far above the base of the antennae, and with the apex below curved inwards, two obUque spots below the anterior ocellus, a broad Hne on the cheeks, a narrow one on the pronotum, the tubercles, a minute line inside the tegulsB, the base of the scutellum, the antei'ior femora at apex beneath, a line on the anterior tibise above, and narrow transverse fasciae on the apical margin of abdominal segments 2-5, yellow ; the fascia on the 2nd and 3rd segments very widely, and on the 4th narrowly interrupted in the middle, on the 5th segment the fascia is entire and broader than the others ; tarsi rufo- testaceous ; wings hyaline and iridescent.
d similar ; the apical segment produced in the middle into a tooth, and the sides angulate ; intermediate and posterior legs also variegated with yellow.
Hab. Northern India (S^nitJi) ; Dibrugarh, Assam. 5 • Length 10 ; exp. 18 mm. <£ . Length 8 ; ex2). 16 mm.
894. Ceratina simillima, Stnith, Cat. ii, p. 225; Ball. Torr, Cat. x,
p. 200.
5 . Eesembles C. lepida, but is constantly smaller, the head and thorax \vith much fewer punctures, the lunate space at base of the median segment very finely minutely punctured, opaque- looking ; basal segment of abdomen smooth aud polished, rest of the segments very iinely and densely punctured. The yellow markings are nearly as in G. lepida, but there are in addition two short parallel longitudinal yellow lines on the disc of the meso- notum, and a yellow hne (sometimes reduced to two spots) on the apical margin of the basal segment of the abdomen ; legs testaceous, variegated with yellowish white ; wings hyaline and iridescent.
Hab. East Indies (/S'jjii^A) ; Burma; Tenasserim. $ . ieuc/i/i 6 ; exp. 11 mm. S unknown.
Genus ALLODAPE. Allodape, Lepel. Encycl. M6th., Ins. x, p. 18 (1825).
Type, A. rufogasti-a, Lepel.
Range. Africa ; the Oriental region ; Australia.
506
Head transverse, nearly as wide as the thorax; ocelli three, in a tri- angle on the vertex; antennas filiform, geniculate, llagellum thickening to- wards the apex ; tongue long ; labial palpi 4-3ointed, basal two joints elongate, the apical two minute ; maxillary palpi (i-jointed, basal joint thick, about as long as the following two, apical three minute, subequal ; labrum not notably longer than broad ; mandibles narrow, acute. Thorax ovate ; legs slender, short ; wings moderately broad, fore wing with the radial cell constricted to- wards the apex and appendiculate ; two cubital cells, the 1st longer than the 2nd, the 2nd narrowed towards the marginal and receiving both recurrent nervures. Abdomen cylin- drical, of moderate size.
Nothing is known of the nesting habits of the species belonging to this genus. In general appearance they are very like the species of Frosopis, but can be distinguished at once by their elongate tongues. A. cupuli- fera occurs in company with P. fe<x, swarming on the wet sands on the banks of streams in Tenasserim.
Fig. 170. — Allodape. 1, maxilla ; 2, labium. (Much enlarged.) After Smith.
Key io tlie Sjiecies.
a. Base of 1st abdominal segment depressed in
the middle A. cupulifera, p. 506.
h. Base of 1st abdominal segment not depressed. a'. Apical two or three abdominal segments
densely punctured ■. A. marginata, p. 507.
b'. All the segments of the abdomen smooth,
impunctate A. parvula, p. 507.
895. Allodape cupulifera, VacJial, Ann. Mus. Civ. Gm. (2") xiv, 1894, p. 447, d.
cJ. Head, thorax, and basal abdommal segment smooth and shining, 2nd and following segments punctured, each puncture emitting a short decumbent fuscous hair ; labrum slightly exserted ; clypeus transverse anteriorly ; 1st abdominal segment depressed in the middle, the sides and apical margin narrowly vertically raised. Black ; the labrum, mandibles, clypeus, a line on the scape of the antenna in front, and the tubercles yellow; the flagellum of the antenna piceous ; the tegulte and tarsi flavo-testaceous ; wings hyaline.
Bob. Karen Hills, Burma ; Tenasserim. d . Lengtli 4-5 ; exp. 8 mm.
AIilX)DAPE. HBRIADBS.
507
896. AUodape marginata, Smith, Cat. ii, p. 280,$.
$ . Head with a few scattered puuctiires, mesonotum smooth, shilling, scutelJutn and median segment delicately punctured ; the basal three segments of the abdomen smooth, apical three punc- tured, the punctures getting more deuse towards the apex ; clypeus flat, transverse anteriorly. Black ; a broad nail-shaped spot on the front and clypeus, a line on the pronotum, the tubercles, and the tegiilse of the wings pale cream-colour : the labrum, base of the mandibles, and the apical joints of the tarsi testaceous ; the posterior legs covered with a pale glittering pubescence ; the apical margins narrowly of segments 1-5 of the abdomen very pale testaceous ; wings hyaline and iridescent, nervures pale testaceous.
Hah. India? (Smith). The type in the British Museum col- lection is the only specimen I have seen. $ . Length 6 ; exp. 11 mm.
897. Allodape parvula, Smith, New Sp. Hpn. B. M. p. 98,5.
$ . Head, thorax, and abdomen smooth, shining and impunctate; face slightly produced below ; clypeus flat, transverse anteriorly ; median segment somewhat narrowed and rounded posteriorly, the space at base slightly concave and smooth but opaque, not shining. Black ; the face below the base of the antenua3 and the clypeus in the middle pale yellow ; the labrum, the mandibles, tubercles, apical Joints of the tarsi, and the apical margins rather broadly of seg- ments 1-5 rufo-testaceous ; the posterior tibias and tarsi with pale glittering pubescence ; wings hyaUue and iridescent.
Hob. Bombay district ; probably through a great part of India ; Burma ; Tenasserim. $ . Length 5-6 ; exp. 8-11 mm.
Genus HERIADES.
Heriades, Spinola, Ins. Lig. ii, p. 7 (1808). Chelostoma, Latr. Gen. Crust, et Ins. iv, p. 161 (1809). Trypetes, Sclienck, Nassau. Verein. f. Naturh., JaAr. xiv, p. 32 (1859). Eriades, Doll. Torr. Sj- Friese, Entom. Nachr. xxi, p. 69 (1895).
Type, H. truncorum, Linn. Range. Both hemispheres.
Head orbicular, about as wide as the thorax ; ocelli in a triangle placed well forward on the vertex ; antennae subclavate ; labial palpi 4-jointed, the 1st joint about half the length of the 2nd, the latter acute at apex, the apical two joints minute, at right angles to the 2nd joint ; the maxillary palpi 3-jointed, the basal joint short, stout, the 2nd twice as long as the 1st, the 3rd slender, with two setae at apex ; clypeus with the anterior margin generally trans- verse and bidentate, the labrum beneath anteriorly rounded. Thorax short, broadly oval ; fore wing with the radial cell long, subacute at apex ; two cubital cells, the 2nd receiving both recurrent ner- vures, the 1st near its base, the 2nd near its apex. Abdomen elongate, cylindrical, furnished with a dense pollen-brush beneath.
508
APIDJE.
Nothing is known of the habits of the Oriental forms. I procured both species on the M'et sand by the banks of streams. The European species nest in the wood of old posts and rails.
898. Heriades aureocincta, n. sp. (PI. IV, fig. 2.)
$ . Head, thorax, and abdomen closely and finely punctured, shining ; clypeus subtriangular, convex, subemarginate anteriorly, with two not very approximate shining blunt teeth ; median seg- ment vertical, rounded posteriorly, not truncate, obscui'ely medially carinate, the base narrowly impuuctate, shining; abdomen with a deep transverse narrow groove close to the base of the 2nd seg- ment. Jet-black ; the face and legs with a thin covering of pale glittering soft hairs ; the sculellum and postscutellum covered with dense fulvo-ferruginous pubescence, and abdominal segments 2-5 with narrow fringes of the same, having a golden lustre ; the apical margin of the 1st segment broadly golden testaceous; pollen- brush white ; wings hyaline and iridescent ; nervures and tegulsB dark brown.
Hah. Sikhim, 6000 ft.; Ta-u plateau, Tenasserim, 4000 ft, 2 . Length 8-9 ; e.rj5. 16 mm. This species perhaps belongs to the subgenus Chelostoma, Latr.
899. Heriades parvnla, n. sp.
$ . Head and thorax coarsely and closely, abdomen more finely punctured; clypeus broad, convex, subtriangular, its anterior margin transverse ; median segment longer proportionately than in H. aureocincta, broadly transverse posteriorly ; base of the abdomen slightly concave, 2nd segment with a very fime transversely im- pressed line. Jet-black and shining ; the face in front, the thorax on the sides and at the apex of the median segment, and the apical margins of abdominal segments 1-5 covered with white pubescence, forming very fine fringes to the last-named ; pollen- brush soft and white ; wings hyaline and u-idescent, nervures and tegulse very dark brown.
Hob. Eangoon, Biu-ma. 2 . LengtTi 4-5-5 ; exp. 8 mm.
Key to the Sjpecies.
a. 2 length 8-9 mm. ,
b. 2 length 4'5-5 mm.
H. aureocincta, p. 508. H. parvula, p. 608.
Genus CffiLIOXYS.
Coalioxys, Lcdr. Gen. Crust, et Ins. iv, p. 166 (1809).
Type, G. conicus. Linn. Range. Both hemispheres.
C(ELIOXTS.
509
Head transverse, about as wide as the thorax, or in some
species wider ; eyes pubescent ; ocelli in a triangle on the vertex ; antennae filiform ; labial palpi 4-joiuted, basal two joints elon- gate, the 2nd somewhat longer than the 1st, apical two minute, articulated at an angle near apex ; maxillary palpi 3-jointed, basal joint shortest, the 2nd Fig. m.—Ccelioxysbasalis, 2- h ^^licker, apical joint ovate ; la^
brum elongate, the sides nearly parallel, base broad and produced at the lateral angles. Thorax short, more or less globose, the scutellum with a lateral curved tooth at base; fore wing with an elongate radial cell subacute at apex ; two cubital cells subequal in length, the 2nd receiv- ing the two recurrent uervures at base and apex respectively ; the 1st transverse cubital nervure oblique, the 2nd angled and bent inwards ; legs feeble, slight. Abdomen somewhat elongate, conical, the base truncate, acute at apex ( 5 ), obtuse dentate ( cT )• The male has also the anterior coxas toothed and the claws bifid.
The species of CoeKoxi/s are parasitic in the nests of Megachile. I have often watched G. basalis alight near the nest of Mega- chile lanata, whUe the latter was working, remain perfectly still until the Megachile had gone off to collect fresh pollen, then slip in, turn round, and poke its big head out of the entrance to the nest, which it fairly blocked. Sometimes the Coelioxys departed before the Megachile had returned, but occasionally remained in the nest with its head blocking up the entrance, and for a long time kept the rightful owner at bay on her return to the nest.
Key to the Species. Females.
A. Ventral plate of apical abdominal segment
more or less spoon-shaped.
a. Scutellum long, subangular in middle
posteriorly C. decipiens, p. 510.
b. Scutellum short, broadly arched in middle
posteriorly.
a! . Second and third abdominal segments
with deep transverse grooves C.fmcipennis,-^. b\\.
V. Second and third abdominal segments
not grooved C. angulatus, p. 511.
B. Ventral plate of apical abdominal segment
conical, more or less acutely pointed.
a. Head with rich fulvous pubescence C. ducalis, p. 512.
h. Plead with snow-white pubescence, a'. Under 9 mm. long, a^. Front with a medial vertical carina . . C. minutus, p. 512. b\ Front not carinate C. capitatua, p. 512.
510
b'. Over 11 mm. long.
Apical margin of clypeua with fulvous
pubescence C. basalis, p. 513.
U^. Apical margin of clypeus with white pubescence.
Tarsi with golden pubescence C. sexmaculatus, p. 513.
6'. Tarsi with white pubescence.
a*. Dorsal and ventral plates of apical abdominal segment equal or
nearly equal C. cuneatus, p. 514.
6'. Dorsal plate of apical abdominal segment much shorter than ven- tral plate C. confusus, p. 514.
Males.
A. Apical abdominal segment furnished with
4 spinous teeth.
a. Length 7 mm C. mtnutus, p. 512.
b. Length 11 mm C. cuneatus, p. 514.
c. Length 14 mm C. argentifrons, p. 516.
B. Apical abdominal segment with 6 spinous
teeth.
a. Scutellum comparatively long, narrowly
arched, subangular posteriorly C. decipiens, p. 510.
h. Scutellum comparatively short, broadly
arched posteriorly C. confusus, p. 514.
C. Apical abdominal segment with 8 spinous teeth.
'rt. Length 6'5mm C. capitatus, p. 512.
b. Length 13 mm C. basalis, p. 513.
900. Coelioxys decipiens. (PI. IV, fig, 1.)
Spin. Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr. vii, 1838, p. 532, $ S; Datt- Ton: Cat. X, p. 485.
Coelioxys apicata, S7nilh, Cat. ii, p. 267.
5 . Head and thorax closely and finely, abdomen more minutely and densely punctured ; clypeus convex, transverse anteriorly, the lower lateral angles slightly produced ; scutellum with, a strong triangular lateral tooth, its posterior margin narrowly arched, almost angular in the middle ; abdomen with the base of the 2nd and following segments slightly depressed ; the dorsal plate of the apical segment constricted towards the apex and sharply carinate down the middle, the ventral plate broad spoon-shaped and rounded at apex, which projects well beyond the apex of the dorsal plate. Black ; the clypeus, the face to a little above the base of the antennee, the cheeks and occiput, the sides of the thorax, and the apical margins of abdominal segments 1-5 nar- rowly covered with snow-white pubescence ; these marginal bands not or scarcely widened laterally; wings hyaline at base, sub- fuscous for half their length at apex.
cJ similar, smaller; the 3rd abdominal segment above with deeply marked lateral transverse sulcations, the hollows covered with white pile ; the apical segment deeply indented at apex and
CCELTOXTS.
511
furnished with six teeth, one on each side at base, thin and acute, four apical, two above and two below, stouter, subequal.
Hah. Egypt ; Aden ; Punjab ; North-West Provinces ; Bengal ; Southern India; Burma; Tenasserim, ?. Length 11-12; exp. 22-25 mm. 6 . Lenyth 10-11; ea-y. 20-22 mm.
901. Coelioxys fuscipennis, Smith, Cat. ii, p. 266, $; Ball. Ton: Cat.
X, p. 487.
5 . Head and thorax very closely punctured, cribrate ; basal abdominal segments finely and closely punctured, 2nd and 3rd segment with a deep transverse groove in the middle above, the sides of the groove smooth and shining, the base of the segments coarsely and the apical margins finely punctured ; segments 3-6 finely and closely punctured ; clypeus subtriangular, transverse anteriorly, thinly pubescent; scutellum broadly rounded posteriorly, the lateral teeth narrow and acute ; apical segment slightly flat- tened, the dorsal plate subacute, rounded posteriorly, with a medial longitudinal carina, and a broad shallow depression along the lateral and apical margins ; ventral plate acutely spoon-shaped, slightly longer than the dorsal plate. Black : the sides of the face, the front, cheeks, and transverse bands on the apical margins of segments 1-5 of the abdomen with dense, the clypeus and legs with thin snow-white pubescence ; the transverse bands on the abdomen broadening greatly on the sides and beneath ; wings fuscous, subhyaline towards their base.
Eab. India (Smith); Burma; Tenasserim. $ . Length 12-13; exp. 21-23 mm. c? unknown.
902. Coelioxys angulatus. Smith, Trans. Zool. Soc. vii, p. 192, J;
Ball. Ton: Cat. x, p. 482.
5 . Head, thorax, and basal abdominal segment strongly and closely, the rest of the abdomen more sparsely and lightly punc- tured ; the punctures on the head and thorax coarse but distinct, not confluent ; the apical abdominal segment smooth, almost im- punctate above ; clypeus broad, transverse anteriorly, the front above the antennee with a broad but not well-marked vertical carina ; the scutellum broadly rounded posteriorly, the lateral teeth acute and bent downwards ; abdomen broad, conical, the apical segment comparatively broad, rounded posteriorly ; the ventral plate not or scarcely projecting beyond the dorsal plate. Black, with white pubescence, dense and short on the clypeus anteriorly, the sides of the face, the sides of the thorax, and legs ; on the median segment it is slightly longer ; abdomen with broad lateral patches of snow-white short pubescence, and fine transverse bands of the same along the apical margins of segments 1-5 ; wings fusco-hyaline, clearer towards the base.
Eab. Mainpuri, N.W.P. $ . Length 11-13 ; ex2}. 24 mm.
512
903. Coelioxys ducalis, Smith, Cat. ii, p. 267, ? ; Ball. Ton: Cat. x, 1). 485.
$ . Head densely pubescent, thorax very closely and finely punctured ; the bases of the abdominal segments, and especially the sides near the base, finely and closely, the apical margins coarsely and more sparsely punctured, the apical segment above dull opaque, very minutely and densely punctured ; clypeus subtrian- gular, its anterior mai'gin widely arched; mesonotum with a medial longitudinal, short and rather obscure carina on the disc posteriorly, an impressed longitudinal line on each side of it and another impressed longitudinal line at both sides near the tegulae ; apical abdominal segment acutely narrowed, the ventral plate longer than the dorsal and ciliated on each side with very short stiff hairs, giving it the appearance of being minutely serrate. Black ; the head covered with a rich fulvous pubescence, slightly fuscous on the posterior margin of the cheeks ; antennae piceous ; abdominal segments 2-5 with indications of lateral white pubescent spots at then' bases ; wings dark fuscous, with a brilHant coppery efful- gence.
Rab. India? (SmitJi). $ . Lenc/tTi 22; exjo. 39 mm.
904. Coelioxys minutus, Smith, Neio Sp. Hym. B. Af.p. 106, § ; Ball.
Ton: Cat. x, p. 488.
5 . Closely allied to and resembling 0. capitatus. Smith ; differs in the head and thorax being more sparsely pimctured, the fi'ont from beneath the anterior ocellus to halfway down the clypeus with a distinct fine carina, the pubescent spots on the mesonotum anteriorly and at the base of the scutellum wantmg, the dorsal plate of the apical abdominal segment much shorter than the ventral, both tapering to a point.
d similar to the female : differs from the male of C. capitatus in the apical segment being furnished with only four teeth or spines and a lateral spine on the 5th ventral segment.
Bab. Bombay ; Malabar ; Burma ; Tenasserim. $ . Length 7-5-8 ; exp. 15-16 mm. <S . Lemjth 7; exp. 15 mm.
905. Coelioxys capitatus, Stnith, Ca^ii,p. 267, $ S ; Dull. Torr. Gat.
X, p. 483.
2 . Head and thorax very broad, the former subquadrate, both closely and very coarsely punctured; abdomen acutely conical, more finely punctured, the punctures on the basal segment densest ; clypeus flat anteriorly, nearly transverse ; scutellura with two minute medial teeth and a large blunt tooth on each side at the lateral angles posteriorly; apical abdominal segment acutely pointed, its dorsal plate medially carinate on its apical half, ventral plate acutely pomted and notched at extreme apex, pro- jecting considerably beyond the dorsal plate. Jet-black; the clypeus thinly, the front, cheeks, two spots on the mesonotum anteriorly, two spots at the base of the scutellum, one on each tegula, the sides of the thorax, the legs more or less, and transverse
OCELIOXTS.
513
fascite, narrow in the middle, wide laterally, on the apical margins o£ abdominal segments 1-5 covered with dense white pile; the legs dark ferruginous ; wings hyaline at base, fuscous towards their apical margins.
d" similar, the legs often black ; apical abdominal segment armed with eight spinous teeth, one on each side at base and six terminal, four above and two below.
Hob. Northern India ; Bengal ; Ceylon ; Burma ; Teuasserim. $ . LewjtJi 7 ; exp. 13 mm. J . Length 6'5 ; exp. 13 mm.
906. Coelioxys basalis, Smith, Trans. Ent. Soe. 1875, p. 48, cj $ ; Dall. Ton: Cat. x, p, 483.
$ . Head above and thorax closely and finely punctured, with a tendency on the mesonotum to run into irregular strise ; clypeus slightly convex, rounded anteriorly, the space between the antenna and narrowly up the front to the anterior ocellus raised and medially carinated ; scutellum evenly rounded posteriorly, each of its lateral angles furnished with a strong downward-bent tootjj ,• abdomen shining, elongate, the base of the segments lightly, the apical half strongly and evenly punctured; the apical segment with its dorsal plate strongly compressed, cylindrical, sparsely and finely punctured, bearing a fine medial longitudinal carina on its apical half ; ventral plate also compressed, projecting beyond the dorsal plate, the apex of both dorsal and ventral plates acute. Black, the margin of the clypeus with fulvous pubescence; the rest of the clypeus and front, the cheeks, a line over the tegulae, a tuft behind and beneath them, and the apical margins, slightly widening laterally, of abdominal segments 1-5 covered with snow- white pubescence : the legs with a thin white pile ; wings clear hyaline on their basal, dark fuscous with purple effulgence on their apical halves.
d similar, smaller ; segments 2-5 of the abdomen with lateral abbreviated transverse grooves near their bases ; the apical segment armed with eight teeth, one on each side at base and six terminal, four above and two below ; the pubescence on the clypeus entirely white ; the pubescent bands on the abdomen widening a good deal laterally.
Hab. Bengal ; Bangalore, Southern India ; Burma ; Teuasserim. $ . Length 15-16 ; exp. 25-26 mm. d . Length 13 ; exj:). 24 mm.
*907. Coelioxys sexmacidatus, Cmn. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soo xli 1897. ■ '
" ? . Head on the vertex and front, pronotum, mesonotum, scutellum, the basal and the apical segments of the abdomen punctured, coarsely on the mesonotum, more finely and closely on the scutellum ; the transverse furrow on the 2nd abdominal segment rugose; the apical segment with a central longitudinal carina, thickening towards the apex, which is depressed on each side of it; the scutellar spines stout. Black; the head in front and the sides of the thorax densely covered with snow-white
VOL. I. 2 i
514
APIDiE.
pubescence ; two spots at the base of the mesonotum, two smaller behind the tegiilfe, two at the base of the scutellum, a line on the apical margin of the 1st abdominal segment, a central longitudinal line on its ventral side, and the apical margins of the remaining ventral segments covered with white pubescence ; tarsi of the legs with short golden pubescence; wings hyaline at base, fuscous towards the apex.
''Hah. Barrackpore. ?. Lengtli II mm."
908. Coelioxys cuneatus, Smith, Trans. Ent. Soc. 1875, p. 49, $ ; Dull. Torr. Cat. x, p. 485.
2 . Head and thorax densely and not very coarsely, abdomen more finely and sparsely punctured; punctures on the apical segment above very close and minute, giving it an opaque appear- ance ; clypeus slightly convex and densely pubescent ; scutellum short', narrow, very slightly arched posteriorly, nearly transverse, the lateral teeth short and blunt; apical abdominal segment strongly convex for two-thirds of its length from base, the apical third suddenly narrowed, acute at apex and bearing a medial longi- tudinal carina above ; the ventral plate very slightly longer than the dorsal. Black ; the head in front, clypeus and cheeks, the sides of the thorax, and narrow, transverse, uninterrupted bands on the apical margins of segments 1-5 of the abdomen with dense snow- white pubescence ; wings slightly fuscous, hyaline at base.
cJ similar; the abdomen more densely and finely punctured, the basal three segments with narrow but deep transverse grooves, the apical margins of segments 1-5 narrowly recurved, the apical segment deeply grooved at apex and armed with four teeth, and a lateral tooth on the 5th ventral segment. , ^ , , „ , „
Hab. Barrackpore ; Tenasserim. ? . LengtJi 11-12 ; e.vp. iJ- 20 mm. c? . Length 11 ; exp. 19 mm.
909. Coelioxys confusus, Smith, Trans. Ent. Soc. 1875, p. 50, ?; Dall. Torr. Cat. x, p. 484. 0 Head and thorax coarsely cribrately pimctured, the poste- rior margin of the scuteUum narrowly smooth ; abdomen sparsely and finely punctured, the punctm-es most dense on the basal segment; clypeus slightly convex,, very large transverse ante- riorly ; scuteUum comparatively short, rounded posteriorly, the lateral teeth short and acute; abdomen sharply conical, at- tenuated at apex; the dorsal plate of the apical segment^acute, medially carinated towards apex, with a depression on each side, ventral Vte projecting beyond dorsal plate, extremely narrow and fine Black • the clypeus, face, cheeks, sides of the thorax and legs' with a thin white pubescence, a pubescent white spot Shind^the tegulaof each wing and another at the lateral basa an^e of the scutellum ; wings dark fuscous beyond the 1st cubital
"'^^Srf the tpical segment divided by a deep groove at apex ami armed wi:th six teeth, thi 5th segment with a sharp lateral spine.
OCEI/IOXYS. — MBLECTA.
515
Hob. Luckaow ; Barrackpore ; Burma ; Tenasserim ; Ceylon. 5 . Length 12 ; exj). 22 mm. c? . Length 11 ; exp. 22 mm.
910. CoBlioxys argentifrons, Smith, Trans. Ent. Soc. 1875, p. 48, d ;
Ball. Ton: Cat. x, p. 482.
cJ . Head, thorax, and abdomen shining, finely punctured, the punctures on the head and thorax very dense and somewhat larger than on the abdomen, the punctures most sparse in the middle of the segments of the latter ; clypeus broad, very slightly convex, its anterior margin transverse ; scutellum narrowly rounded, almost subangular posteriorly, the lateral teeth broad and blunt; abdo- men with segments 2-5 laterally slightly excavated, the hollows transverse and pubescent ; the margins of segments 1-5 narrowly smooth, polished, and recurved, the 6th segment produced into two broad teeth with a deep hollow between, the teeth at apex emarginate, the 5th segment with a small lateral tooth beneath. Black; the clypeus, face, cheeks, sides of the thorax, sides and apex of the median segment, apical margins and lateral basal hollows of the abdominal segments with snow-white pubescence ; wings hght fuscous, becoming clear hyaline at base.
Ifab. Barrackpore, Bengal. iS . Length 14 ; exjp. 25 mm, $ unknown.
Genus MELECTA.
Melecta, Zat?: Hist. Nat. Ins. xiv, p. 48 (1805). Crocisa, pt., Jurine, Hym. p. 239 (1807). Symmorpha, Elug, Illig. Mag., Ins. vi, p. 227 (1807).
Type, Melecta liictiwsa, Scop. Range. Both hemispheres.
Head transverse, narrower than the thorax ; oceUi in a curve on the vertex ; antennas longish, fiHform, basal joint of flagellum clavate; labial palpi 4-jointed, basal joint thrice the length of the 2nd, apical two minute; maxiUary palpi 5-join ted. Thorax subglobose, the scutellum bidentate ; fore wing with the marginal cell narrow, rounded both at base and apex ; three cubital cells, the 1st the largest, the 2nd very strongly contracted Fig. 112.— Melecta towards the radial, receiving the 1st recurrent Mmalayana, J. f. nervure past the middle, the 2nd transverse cubital nervure angled and bent inwards ; the 3rd cubital cell arched outwards, receiving the 2nd recurrent nervure about the middle; legs moderately long, pubescent, the pubescence dense and short. Abdomen conical at apex, truncate at base.
So far as I know, no species of Melecta has hitherto been recorded from India, and nothing is known of the habits of the one species here described ; the European M. luctuosa is known to be parasitic on Anthophora.
2l 2
516
APIDJE.
911. Melecta himalayana, n. sp.
$ . Densely pubescent ; the thorax, underneath the pubescence, very closely and finely punctured ; the vertex of the head and base of the" segments of the abdomen smooth. Head and abdomen, under- neath the pubescence, alutaceous ; thorax black ; the clypeus, the face below the antennae and along the inner orbits of the eyes, and the thorax covered with long silky pale yellow pubescence ; the front below the vertex and a broad transverse stripe between the wings with pale brown pubescence ; the antennse and legs alutaceous, the front of the scape and the outside of the interniediate and posterior legs clothed with brown pubescence ; wings hyaline, shghtly iridescent, with a brownish tint, the nervures and tegulse brown ; abdomen with the base of the 1st and 2nd segments sparsely, then- margins and the apical segments densely, clothed with rich ferru- ginous pubescence. , , , , , j_ ^, tt- i
Hah. Kumaun, 5000 ft., and probably throughout the Himalayas at and above that altitude. $ . Length 14 ; exp. 23 mm.
Genus CEOCISA. Crocisa, Jdrini, Bym. p. 239 (1807). Type, Crocisa histrio, Tabr.
Range. Europe, Africa, and the Oriental region. . Head not so wide as the thorax, transverse ; eyes strongly narrowed and contracted above ; face below the bases of the antennae
and the clypeus subporrect, labrum bent downwards at an angle to the margin of the clypeus ; mandibles narrow, simple, acute at apex; mentum and labrum of about equal length; labial palpi 5-jomted, the basal joint e^out^ate, full half the length of the mentum, the 2nd less than half the length of the basal joint, the 3rd half the length of the 2nd ; the apical two minute, articulated on one side of apex of 3rd joint ; maxillary palpi 2-jointed. Thorax short; scutellum flat, produced into a plate posteriorly and emarginate ; legs moderately stout : wings broad and ample ; fore wing with the radial cell narrow, rounded at base and apex ; three cubital cells, the 1st measured on the cubital uervure equal in length to the 2nd and 3rd united ; the 2nd strongly constricted towards the radial cell by the very marked curving inwards above of the 2nd transverse cubital ner^re ; the Jra subcrescentic; the 3rd transverse cubital nervure having a curve
Fig. 173. — Crocisa. 1, maxilla ; 2, labium. (Much enlarged.)
cnooiSA.
517
parallel to the carve of the 2nd transverse cubital nervure ; the 2nd and 3rd cubital cells each receive a recurrent nervure past the middle. Abdomen conical, sharply acute at apex.
So far as I know, the Indian species of Crocisa are parasitic in the nests of Antliophora only. Though comparatively small, the species are very conspicuous even on tbe wing, from the blue or white banding or spotting of tiie abdomen.
Key to tlie Sjoecies.
A, Fore wing fuscous, with a few hyaline spots
on disc.
a. ScuteUum posteriorly with a shallow
shaped emargiuation ; pubescence blue . .
b. Scutellum posteriorly with a deep A-shaped
emargination ; pubescence white. a'. Lateral spot on ^nd abdominal segment
simple, with no prolongation anteriorly. b'. Lateral spot on 2nd abdominal segment
with an L-shaped branch prolonged
anteriorly
c. Scutellum posteriorly with a regular arched
and wide emargiuation
B. Fore wing subhyaline, apical margin broadly
fuscous
C. emarginata, p. 517.
C. histrio, p. 518.
C. ramosa, p. 618. C. minuta, p. 519. C. massurii, p. 519.
912. Crocisa emarginata, Lepel Hym. ii, p. 449, $ S ■
Crocisa decora, Smith, Trans. Ent. Soc. n. s. ii, 1852, p. 41, 5 . Crocisa elegans, Smith {nec Mocsary), New 8p, Hym. B. M. p. 107, $•
? Crocisa himalayensis, Had. Bull. Soc. Nat. Mosc. n. s. vii, 1894, p. 171.
5 . Head, thorax, and abdomen finely and closely punctured, each puncture, except on the front immediately below the ocelli, emitting a decumbent short hair, often in parts abraded ; clypeus slightly convex, the antennal ridge sometimes well developed, some- times small ; the scutellum posteriorly with a -^-shaped incision, sometimes deeper, sometimes shallower, but never A-shaped as in C. histrio. Black ; the clypeus, the face on each side between and above the bases of the antennae, the occiput and cheeks, an ill- defined spot on each side of the pronotum spreading on to the mesonotum, a medial abbreviated longitudinal streak on tbe latter, a spot on each side of it, a bent Ime over the tegulsB (sometimes reduced to a spot) curving round to but not meeting at the apex of the mesonotum, a medial spot above the emargiuation at the apex of the scutellum, or a spot on each side of the emargiuation (these spots in the majority of specimens are absent), a large square ill-defined patch under and a little before the base of the wings, a stripe on each of the tibiae and tarsi above (the latter stripes very often wanting), two broad lateral spots, emarginate within, on the basal abdominal segment, and elongate maculae on each
518
side of the other segments (apical excepted), of dense short pubes- cence, varying in colom* from rich dark bhie to pale bluish-white, the inner branches of the emarginations on the 1st abdominal segment often stretching out and forming a continuous broad band at the base of the abdomen ; fore wing dark fuscous with a purple effulgence, and a few hyaline spots above the cubital cells ; hind wing much paler, sometimes entirely hyaline.
cJ similar ; the 6th abdominal segment with or without a lateral spot of blue pubescence.
Hah. Sikhim ; Calcutta ; Bombay ; Malabar ; Ceylon ; Burma ; Tenasserim ; on the west extending to South Africa, on the east to China and the Malay Archipelago. ? . Length 10-15 ; exji. 23-28 mm. 6 ■ Length 9-13 ; exp. 24-29 mm.
913. Crocisa histrio.
Nomada histrio, Fabi: Sijst. Ent. p. 388. Crocisa histrio, Ball. Tory. Cat. x, p. 320.
$ . Head above the antennaD finely and closely punctured ; thorax and abdomen finely and closely aciculate ; anteunal carina prominent ; scutellum with a A-shaped incision at apex. Black ;
the clypeus thinly, the sides of the face, the cheeks, and a spot on each side on the occiput covered with dense white pubescence ; a spot on each side of the pronotum spreading to the mesonotum, a medial short longitudinal line on the latter anteriorly, a spot on each side of it, a spot over each tegula, ■pj a spot on it posteriorly, a spot on each
Crocisa Msirio,' 2 ■ I- side of the mesonotum at apex, a spot
beneath the A-shaped incision, a broad line under the base of the wings reaching posteriorly to the median segment, a broader patch anteriorly on the mesopleurse, a broad line on the tibise and the basal joint of the tarsi above, and lateral spots on abdominal segments 1-5 above, covered with dense snow- white pubescence ; the spot on the 1st segment elongate and pro- duced perpendicularlv at its posterior margin ; fore wdng dark fuscous, with some hyaline spots on the disc ; hind wing hyaline, fuscescent at apex.
d similar ; a lateral spot on the 6th abdominal segment also. Hob. N.W. Provinces ; Bengal; Southern India. ? d- Length 15-17 ; ex2:). 30-34 mm.
914. Crocisa ramosa, Lepel Ifym.n,^.451 ; Dall. Ton: Cat. x, p. 321.
$ c? • Closely allied to and resembling 0. Mstno, Fabr., but a shorter, broader insect proportionately; the incision on the scutellum posteriorly broader : the face and clypeus more densely pubescent ; the lateral spot on the 2nd abdominal segment always produced anteriorly ; the wings slightly paler in colour.
CBOCISA.
519
iTflZ). Kumaun ; Bombay ; Madras ; Ceylon ; Burma. 2 d • Lmgili 10-13; exp. 25-26 mm. This is a widespread species, occurring also in Europe, Egypt, Arabia, and South Africa. I can find no differences between it and C. Mstrio except those mentioned above, which are constant in a large series examined.
*915. Crocisa minuta. Bad. Bull. Soc. Nat. Mosc. n. s. vii, 1894, p. 168, $ <5; Ball. Ton: Cat. x, p. 321.
" 2 . Black. Head covered vnth white pubescence. Two large spots on the margin of the thorax, with a longitudinal medial line, two spots on the back and two on the posterior margin, a line bordering the tegulce, another on the tegulsB, and a third under the wings, all of white pubescence; surface of the scutellum flat, posterior margin widely emarginate. Abdomen dull, the posterior margins of the segments with a line of white pubescence inter- rupted in the middle ; on each side of the basal two segments these lines give place to a perpendicular line ; the 2nd, 3rd, and 4th ventral segments mth, on each side, a spot of white pubes- cence. The tibiae and two joints of the tarsi above covered with white hairs. Anterior wings smoky.
" resembles the female ; the 6th abdominal segment vidth two white spots.
" Mab. Mussooree, N.W. Provinces, India. $ 6 . Length 8 mm."
916. Crocisa massurii, Had. Bull. Soe. Nat. Mosc. n. s. vii, 1894, p. 169, $ cJ ; ^all. Ton: Cat. x, p. 321.
5 . Head, thorax, and abdomen finely and closely punctured, pubescent ; scutellum with its posterior margin widely and not very deeply emarginate, the emargination forming a perfect arch, in some specimens with a slight further incision in the middle. Black ; the head except on the vertex, the prouotum, a line along the sides of the mesonotum passing by the tegulte and continued along the base of the scutellum, a medial line with a spot on each side on the mesonotiun anteriorly, a broad band underneath the wings, a broad longitudinal spot on each side of the basal two abdominal segments, each spot on the 1st segment giving out two perpendicular lines not meeting in the middle of the segment above, and that on the 2nd segment giving out one perpendicular line also not meeting above, and elongate spots on each side of the rest of the segments (apical segment excepted) covered with bluish-white pubescence ; legs variegated on the tibia3 and tarsi above with hke pubescence; wings subhyahne, broadly fuscous along their apical margins.
(5 similar ; a spot on each side of the 6th segment of bluish- white- pubescence.
Hab. Mussooree; Kumaun; Sikhim (1800 ft.). ^ . LengtJi 13 ; exj). 24 mm. Length 10-11*5; c.rp. 21-22 mm.
620
APIDJE.
Genus TETRALONIA.
Tetralonia, Spin. Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr. vii, p. 538 (1838).
Type, T. basizona, Spin. Range. Both hemispheres.
Head transverse, not so wide as the thorax ; inner orbits of eyes parallel, ocelli almost in a line on the vertex ; antennsB filiform, of extraordinary length in the male ; clypeus subporrect, labrum prom- inent, placed at an angle to the clypeus ; labial palpi 4-jointed, maxillary palpi 6-jointed, Thorax broad, depressed ; fore wing wAth the marginal cell subacute at apex, the apex not approximate to the costal margin ; three cubital ceUs, the 2nd the smallest, receiving the 1st recurrent nervure near the apex, the 1st transverse cubital nervure oblique, the 2nd almost vertical, the 3rd strongly bent Fig. 175. — Tetralonia inwards, making the 3rd cubital cell at top diivaucelii, S- t- about half the length it is below, the 2nd recurrent nervure received very nearly at the apex of the 3rd cubital cell ; legs shght, the posterior tibias not so densely pubescent as in the genus AntliopTiora. Abdomen short, broad, depressed, subcordate.
Nothing is known of the habits of the two Indian species of this genus.
Key to the Species.
a. Clypeus yellow T. duvaucelii, p. 620.
b. Clypeus black T. himalayensis, p. 521.
917. Tetralonia duvaucelii, Lepel. Hym. ii, p. 98, c? .
Tetralonia elegans, Smith, Cat. ii, p. 302, S ; Ball. Torr. Cat. x, p. 232.
c? . Head, thorax, and abdomen densely pubescent ; the clypeus nearly square, very shghtly emarginate anteriorly, and very lightly- punctured ; thorax above under the pubescence closely and more strongly punctured ; abdomen ^vith the apical margins of segments 1-5 non-pubescent and very finely aciculate. Black; the face below the base of the antennae, the clypeus, labrum, and mandibles at base yellow, the latter at apex and the 3rd a7jd following joints of the flageUum of the antennae testaceous red ; the face above the bases of the antennce, the cheeks and occiput, the thorax, and base of the abdomen with pale fulvous-yellow pubescence, that on the legs silvery ; base of abdominal segments 2-4 with transverse fasciae of white, the 5th segment entirely covered with white, and the 6th and apical segments with fuscous^ pubescence; wings hyaline, faintly clouded at their apical mai'gins.
Var. The pubescence more or less fulvous.
Hal. India (Smith) ; Kumaun (Miss A. Brooh) ; Bombay. J . Length 10-11 ; exj). 18 mm. 2 unknown.
TBTEA LONIA. — HABKOPODA.
521
918. Tetralonia himalayensis, n. sp.
J . Head and thorax densely pubescent, abdomen nearly bare (probably due partly to attrition), head and the disc o£ the mesonotum under the pubescence closely and somewhat coarsely punctiu-ed ; base of the 1st abdominal segment rather coarsely, of the remaining segments finely and densely punctured ; clypeus widely emarginate anteriorly ; antennsD moniliform, as long as the thorax and abdomen united. Black ; the pubescence on the face below the base of the antennae sordid white, on the head above, thorax, legs, and base of the abdomen fulvous-brown, abdominal segments 2-4 at base above with traces of white pubescent fasciae ; wings hyaline, nervures and tegulae testaceous.
Hah. Kumaun {Miss A. Brook), c? . Length 13 ; exp. 24 mm, 2 unknown. Type in the British Museum.
Genus HABEOPODA.
Hatrophora, Smith, Cat. ii, p. 318 (1854). Habropoda, Smith, t. c. p. 320 (note).
Type, II. zonatula, Smith. Range. Both hemispheres.
Head transverse, the front below the base of the antennse and the clypeus raised, subporrect, the labrum bent at an angle to the clypeus ; the antennae filiform ; the ocelli in a triangle on the vertex
1 2 4
Fig. 176. — Habropoda. 1, Maxilla ; 2, labium ; 3, mandible ; 4, labrum. (Much enlarged.)
eyes in the male proportionately larger and closer together than in the female ; labial palpi 4- jointed, the basal joint equal in length to the 2nd, the apical two minute, articulated to the side near the apex of the 2nd joint ; maxillary palpi 6-jointed, the basal joint much shorter than the 2nd, the 3rd slightly longer than the 1st,
522
Al'IDyE.
the apical three joints each in succession shorter than the preceding. Thorax broad, orbicular or ovate ; legs stout ; in the female the posterior tibite flattened with tlieir apex above produced on the inside of the basal joint of tarsi*; in the male posterior femora more or less swollen, posterior tibiae flattened with tlieir apex beneath produced ; fore wing with the radial cell long, the apex acute in females, rounded in the males ; three cubital cells, the 2nd and 3rd subequal, the 2nd more or less quadrate, the 1st recurrent nervure interstitial with the 2nd transverse cubital nervure, the 2nd recurrent nervure received very nearly at the apex of the 3rd cubital cell. Abdomen broad at base, acutely conical at apex.
Nothing is on record of the habits of the Indian species, but they probably resemble those of Anthojphora.
Key to the Species f.
a. Pubescence hoary white, in some specimens
fuscous grey H. radoszkotoskii, p. 622,
h. Pubescence pale fulvous.
«'. Abdomen entirely pale honey-yellow . . H. moelleri, p. 523. b'. Abdomen blncli, margins of segments
1-6 and whole of 7th testaceous S. mayrettii, p. 523.
919. Habropoda radoszkowskii.
Habropoda montana, Rad. [nee Cress.) Wiadom. z nauk Przyrod.
1882, pt. ii, p. 76. Podalirius radoszkowskii, Dull. Torr. Cat. x, p. 285.
$ . Head above, the thorax, and abdomen densely, the face below the base of the antennce and the clypeus thinly pubescent ; the last rugosely punctured, bearing a short medial vertical carina
at base, the apex margined, and just above it in the middle a small bare triangular space, sometimes slightly depressed and often re- duced much in size ; the posterior tibisB much flattened, and bare and smooth on the inside, the apex pro- duced over and on the inside of the basal joint of the tarsi ; abdo- men broad, acutely conical at apex. Black ; the triangular spot on the clypeus pale yellow ; pubescence from hoary to fuscous-grey, turning to ferruginous towards the apex of the abdomen above ; on the outside of the intermediate and posterior tibiae and of all the tarsi it is very dense and glittering bright ferruginous ; wings fusco-hyaline, nervures and tegulse testaceous.
Fig. 177.
Habropoda radoszkowsMi, 5 •
* I have described the characters as found in the Indian species, t A key to the males only can be given, as the female of but one species is known.
HABROPODA. — ANTHOPHOBA.
523
c? similar, the legs longer; the yellow spot on the clypeus elongate, becoming almost a medial streak ; the apical margins of abdominal segments 1-5 broadly pale testaceous; the posterior femora very slightly swollen, each posterior tibia produced at its inferior apex into a compressed, thin, rounded plate.
Eah. The Himalayas from Sikhim to Simla, above 4000 feet, $ cJ. Lentjth 13-16; exp. 29-35 mm.
920. Habropoda magrettii, n. sp. (PI. IV, fig. 6.)
cJ . Head, legs, and abdomen thinly, thorax densely pubescent, the pubescence fine, long and soft on the last ; clypeus convex, bell-shaped, margined anteriorly, not carinate dowu the middle ; vertex round the region of the ocelli, the thorax and abdomen underneath the pubescence densely and finely punctured; legs long and stout, posterior femora swollen, posterior tibise flattened, their apex beneath produced and bluntly rounded. Black; the clypeus, sides of the face below the base of the antenuse, the labrum, and base of the mandibles bright yellow ; the scape, the 2nd joint of the flagellum of the antennae, and the legs dark honey-yellow ; the basal, the 3rd and following joints of the flageilum fulvous brown ; the apical margins broadly of the basal six and the whole of the 7th abdominal segment hght pale testa- ceous ; the pubescence entirely very pale fulvous ; wings light flavo- hyaline.
Hah. Kumaun. c? ■ Lengtli 13 ; exp. 24 mm. $ unknown.
921. Habropoda moelleri, n. sp.
S . Head, legs, and abdomen thinly, thorax densely pubescent, the pubescence fine, long and soft on the last; clypeus convex, twice as high as broad, bell-shaped, margined anteriorly and bear- ing a slight medial vertical carina ; vertex of the head shining, somewhat closely punctured round the region of the ocelli ; legs stout and long, the posterior femora swollen, the posterior tibiae flattened, the apex beneath triangularly produced. The head in front, the clypeus, the scape of the antennae, the legs, and abdomen honey-yellow ; the vertex of the head and the thorax underneath the dense pubescence black ; the sides of the face by the clypeus, the labrum, and base of the mandibles pale yellow, the apex of the mandibles castaneous brown ; the flagellum of the antennae light fuscous brown ; the pubescence entirely pale fulvous ; \vings light flavo-hy aline.
Eab. Native Sikhim, above 8000 feet. S . Length 14 ; exp. 27 mm. ? unknown.
Genus ANTHOPHOEA.
Podalirius, Latr. (nec Lamarch) Hist. Nat. Ins. iii, p. 378 (1802). Anthophora, Latr. Hist. Nat. Ins. siv, p. 45 (1804).
Type, A. pilipes, Fabr. Range. Both hemispheres.
624
APIDiB.
1 '2 Fig. 1Y8. — Anthophora. 1, maxilla; 2, labium. (Much enlarged.)
Head transverse, not quite so wide as the thorax ; ocelli in an isosceles triangle on the vertex ; antennae short, the scape shorter
than the 2nd joint of the flagellum ; clypeus strongly produced and convex ; labrum subquadrate, anterior margin widely rounded, nearly trans- verse ; tongue elongate ; labial palpi 4-jointed, the basal joint three times length of 2nd joint, apical two minute ; maxillary palpi 6-jointed, basal joint short, 2nd joint the longest, 3-6 decreasing grad- ually in length, tilit'orm. Thorax ovate ; fore wing with the radial cell broad, rounded at apex and appendiculate, acute at the inner angle ; three cubital cells, the 1st and 3rd subequal, the 2ud narrowed at top, sometimes pentagonal, receiving the 1st recurrent nervure in the middle ; the 3rd cubital cell rounded outwardly and receiving the 2nd recurrent nervure near its apex ; legs short, posterior tibiae and hasal joints of the tarsi in the female densely pubescent ; intermediate tarsi in some species with tufts of hair on the apical joint above the claws. Abdomen broad, slightly ovate, sometimes densely pubescent, sometimes with only pubescent fasciae on the apical margins of the segments.
The species of Antliopliora as a rule make their nests in the ground. I once found a whole colony of A. cingulaia, Yahr.. burrowing into the hard beaten earth under a forest bungalow in Burma.
Key to the Specias.
A. Abdomen with distinct transverse pubes- cent fascise above.
a. Basal abdominal segment without a fascia.
a'. Abdominal segments 4 and 5 only
with a fascia A. bicincta, p. 525.
b' . Abdominal segments 2-5 with a fascia. A. crocea, p. 526.
b. Basal abdominal segment with a fascia. a'. Fasciae of metallic blue scale-like
hairs.
a'. Pubescence on thorax above bluish
grey A. cingzdata, p. 526.
6*. Pubescence on thorax dull rufo-
fulvous A. zonata, p. 527.
6'. Fascias of white pubesceDce.
a". Abdomen beneath ferruginous .... A. niveocincta, p. 527.
ANTHOPHOBA.
525
b". Abdomen beneath black.
a'. Pubescence on thorax fulvous, or
cinereous mixed with black hairs. A. confusa, p. 528. 63. Pubescenceonthor.ixochraceous,
often griseous A.fallax, p. 628.
c'. Fascia} of rich fulvous, ferruginous or
fulvous-white pubescence. .
a^ Length 16-17 mm A. insulans, p. 5Jy.
b-. Length under 12 mm.
a". Abdominal fasciaj fulvous white ;
length 10-12 mm A. quadrifasciata, p. 529.
P. Abdominal fascite rich fulvous ;
lenp; th 7-8 mm A.fraterna, p. 529.
B. Abdomen without distinct transverse pubescent fasciae above.
a. Pubescence on abdomen quite or nearly
unicolorous. ^ ^ , •
a'. Thorax with grey pubescence above . A.Jimbrmta, p. ocSU.
b'. Thorax with pale ochraceous, almost
white pubescence above A. Candida, p. 531.
c' Thorax with black or fuscous pubes- cence above A. violacea, p. 531.
d'. Thorax with fulvous pubescence
f^l^oyg A. brookice, p. 632.
b. Pubescence on the abdomen markedly
not unicolorous. a'. Basal two abdominal segments with fulvous, remaining segments vnth
black pubescence A. himalayensis, p. 532,
b'. Basal (basal two S) abdominal seg- ments with pale ochraceous or pale golden yellow, remaining segments with flame-red (sometimes yellow)
pubescence A. imlcTierrima,^. b'&'2.
922. Anthophora Mcincta.
Apis bicincta, Fabr. Syst. Ent. ii, p. 338. Podalirius bicinctus, Dall. Torr. Cat. x, p. 259.
5 . Head, thorax, and abdomen minutely and very densely punctared ; clypeus somewhat flat, transverse, and margined anteriorly. Black ; the base of the mandibles, the labriun, a broadish transverse submarginal line on the clypeus, another vertical medial h'ne at right angles to it, and a transverse broadly triangular spot above its base pale creamy white ; the apical margin of the 1st abdominal segment broadly, of the 2nd narrowly rufo-testaceous ; the vertex of the Fie "il^—Antho- lie^d, the thorax above, the anterior legs phora bicincta, $ . \. entirely, the cox£b, femora, and tibiae of the intermecUate and posterior legs, and broad transverse bands on the apical margins of the 4th and 5th abdominal segments, with the sides of the apical segment, covered
526
APIDJE.
with white pubescence; wings fusco-hyaline, paler towards the apical margins.
d similar ; but the white parts on the clypeus broader, the pubescence slightly fulvous on the thorax, the 6th segment o£ the abdomen with a transverse pubescent white band on its apical margin ; wangs paler.
Var. $ c? with a pubescent white lateral spot on abdominal segments 2 and 3.
ITab. Allahabad ; Calcutta ; Bangalore ; Madras. $ . Length 12-13 ; e.zy. 24 mm. c? sUghtly smaller.
923. Anthophora crocea, n. sp.
S . Head and thorax densely pubescent, finely and closely punc- tured, the scutellum more sparsely punctured; abdomen impunctate, the bases of the segments broadly and more or less densely pubescent, the apical margin of the first segment smooth and shining, of the 2nd to the 5th with broad pubescent bands. Black ; the mandibles at base and the labrum pale yellow, the latter with an obscure fuscous spot at each basal lateral angle ; clypeus darker yellow, with two divergent abbreviated black lines at base ; a transverse triangular spot above the clypeus, and the front of the scape pale yellow ; the head and thorax above with dense griseous pubescence ; the pubescence on the anterior legs pale ochraceous, on the inter- mediate and posterior legs and abdomen jet-black ; the apical margin of the 1st segment narrowly testaceous, of segments 2-5 with broad transverse bands of fine pale yellowish green scale-like hairs, 6th and apical segments with entirely black pubescence ; wings fusco-hyaline.
Hub. Pegu Hills, Burma, d • Length 12 ; 24 mm.
924. Anthophora cingulata.
Andrena cingulata, Fabr. Si/st. Ent. p. 378, Podalirius cingulatus, Ball. Ton: Cat. x, p. 263.
2 c? • Head and thorax densely, clypeus, face below the antennae and the bases of the abdominal segments thinly pubescent, the head and thorax finely punctured undei-neath the pubescence ; bases of the abdominal segments finely aciculate. Black; the labrum (except a lateral spot at base and the apical margin very narrowly), a spot at base of the mandibles, a subapical hne on the clypeus, a medial line broadening from above downwards at right angles to the subapical line, and a small triangular spot above the base on each side of the clypeus, pale yellowish white ; the head and thorax with bluish-grey pubescence having an admixture of black hairs ; a tuft of white pubescence on each side of the median segment; the legs covered with bluish-white pubescence above, black beneath, the posterior tibite with long snow-white pubes- cence above and an abbreviated line of black pubescence above near its base ; abdomen clothed with thin black pubescence, the apical margins of segments 1-4 ( ? ), 1-5 ( cf ) with broad trans-
ANTHOPHORA.
527
verse bands of bright metallic blue scale-like hairs; antenna) black; wings light fusco-hyaline, nervures and tegiila3 dark brown.
Hah. Sikhim ; Pegu Hills, Burma ; Tenasserim ; Ceylon ; the Malayan region to Australia. $ <S . Length 14-15 ; exp. 25-26 ram.
925. Anthophora zonata. (PI. IV, fig. 4.)
Apis zonata, Linn. Si/st. Nat. (ed. 10) i, p. 576. Anthophora siibcierulea, Lepel. Hym. ii, p. 30, $ S • Podaliriiis zoaatus, Ball. Torr. Cat. x, p. 296.
5 . Head and thorax densely, clypeus and the bases of the abdominal segments thinly pubescent ; the head and thorax finely and closely punctured under the pubescence, the bases broadly of the abdominal segments finely aciculate. Black ; the labrum, base of the mandibles, sides and apical margin of clypeus, with a narrow medial line on the same, yellowish white ; the labrum with a lateral spot and a line along its base black ; a small transverse triangular spot above the base of the clypeus and the front of the scape of the antenna pale yellowish white ; the front and vertex above the base of the antennee, and the thorax above clothed with dull rufo- fulvous pubescence mixed with black hairs and with the apex of many of the other hairs black ; legs covered with a thin cinereous pubescence ; the cheeks behind the eyes, the head and thorax beneath, and the posterior tibiae above with snow-white pubescence, the last with a short line of black hairs at base dividing the white; the pubescence on the abdomen black, the apical margins of seg- ments 1-4 with transverse bands of metallic blue scale-like hairs ; ■wings nearly clear hyaline, sometimes with a fulvous tint, ner\'ures and tegulae testaceous.
<S similar ; the clypeus entirely yellowish white with two diver- gent broad curved spots at base black.
Var. The bands on the abdomen not shining metallic blue, but dull and somewhat greyish.
Hah. Throughout India, Bm*ma, Tenasserim, and Ceylon, extending through the Malay regions to Australia. $ 6 • Length 11-13 ; exp. 21-25 mm.
*926. Anthophora niveo-cincta, Smith, Cat. ii, p. 337, 5 . F Andrena fasciata, Fabr. Syst. Ent. p. 877. Podalirius niveocinctus. Ball. Torr. Cat. x, p. 279.
5 . Length 5 lines (= about 11 mm.). — Black ; a triangular spot above the clypeus, the clypeus, the face on each side, the labrum and mandibles, and a spot on the scape in front yellow ; the clypeus has on each side at base an elongate quadrate spot, and its anterior margin narrowly black ; the labrum has a fuscous spot on each side at base, the apex of the mandibles and the flagellum ferruginous ; the pubescence on the face and che eks white, on the vertex and disc of the thorax it is pale fulvous, the tips of the hairs being black ; the pubescence on the sides of the thorax beneath, and also on the metathorax, white ; the legs ferru- ginous above, densely covered with white pubescence, beneath it is black. Abdomen, the margins of the segments have a fascia of
528
white pubescence, the flftli is covered with the same, the apex fuscous ; beneath the abdomen is ferruginous. " Ilab. India (Smith)."
Pabricius's A. fasciata so far as the description goes corresponds with the description of the above species, but I have failed to identify either A, fasciata or A. niveo-cincta.
927. Anthophora confusa, Smith, Cat. ii, p. 337, $ .
? Aiithophora vigilans, Smith, 2nd Yark. Miss., Ilym. p. 6, c? {nec
Smith, Jour. Linn. Soc. 1861, p. 92). Podalirius confusus, Dall. Ton: Cat, x, p. 264.
2 . Head, thorax, and abdomen closely and finely punctured ; head above and thorax densely pubescent. Black ; the base of the mandibles, and the labrum, except a spot at each basal lateral angle, pale yellowish ; clypeus black, a spot on each side, a transverse triangular spot above, and a medial comparatively broad line pale yellowish white, the mai-gin also narrowly white in some specimens; pubescence on the vertex of the head and on the thorax above cinereous, sometimes fulvous, mixed with black hairs, on the cheeks and beneath and on the posterior femora behind white ; legs with black' pubescence, on the posterior tibite above snow- white, with an abbreviated black stripe at base ; abdomen covered with a thin black pubescence, the apical margins of the basal four segments with fascise of white pubescence ; wings fusco-hyaline.
c? similar, smaller ; the clypeus with broader yellow markings ; the 5th abdominal segment with a transverse pubescent fascia on its apical mai'gin.
Hah. Barrackpore ; Sikhim ; Bombay ; Burma ; Tenasserim ; ?Ladak. 2 • length 13-15 ; exji. 23-26 mm. 6 . Length 11-12 ; exp. 21-23 mm.
928. Anthophora fallax. Smith, New Sp. Eym. B. M. p. 120,2 c?- Anthophora lucknovieusis, Jiad. Wiadum. z nauk Przijrod. 1882, ii,
p. 76.
Podalirius faUax, Doll. Torr. Cat. x, p. 267.
2 . Head above on the vertex and the clypeus somewhat sparsely and finely punctured ; the front, thorax, and transverse bands on the abdomen densely pubescent, the bases of the abdominal seg- ments finely transversely aciculate. Black ; the mandibles at base, labrum, and clypeus pale yellow, the last with two large contiguous quadrate maculae at base ; the front, the vertex, and thorax above with black-tipped ochraceous, very often griseous pubescence, that on the face below the antennae, on the cheeks, and on the thorax beneath whitish ; legs with griseous pubescence on the outside, black on the inside ; abdominal segments 1-4 with a transverse pubescent white fascia on the apical margin, apical two segments with black pubescence ; wings subhyaline, nervures brown, tegulae testaceous.
d similar ; the front of the scape of the antennae yellow ; the pubescence on the thorax darlter ochraceous ; abdominal segments 1-6 with transverse pubescent white fascias.
Rab. Western India ; Allahabad ; Burma ; Tenasserim ; Ceylon.
ANTHOPnOBA.
529
Beyond India in Southern and Western Africa. $ c? • Length 8-10 ; exp. 17-21 mm.
929. Anthophora insularis, Smith, Jour. Linn. Soc. 1858, p. 48,?. PodaliriuH iusularis, Dall. Torr. Cat. x, p. 273.
2 . Head at the back, the cheeks, thorax, and abdomen densely pubescent, the pubescence long and erect on the thorax, short, scale-ake, and pilose on the abdomen ; the front and vertex of the head with a sparse covering of longish hairs, finely punctured beneath it ; clypeus medially carinate. Black ; the labrum except a narrow border all round, a ±-sbaped mark on the clypeus, a transverse triangular spot above it, and the scape of the antennae in front pale yellow ; pubescence rich ferniginous, mixed with griseous and black on the head and thorax, the cheeks and the thorax beneath with white, and the posterior tibiae and intermediate and posterior tarsi with jet-black pubescence ; antennae piceous ; the bases of abdominal segments 2-4 and all the 5th and 6th black ; wings flavo-hyaline, fuscescent towards the apical margins.
ffah. B urma ; Tenasserim ; Ceylon ; Borneo, spreading down the Malay region. J . Length 16-17 ; exp. 30 mm. d unknown.
930. Anthophora quadrifasciata.
Apis quadrifasciata, Villers, Linn. Ent. iii, p. 319. Centris nidulans, Fabr. Syst. Piez. p. 357. Podahrius quadrifasciatus, Dall. Torr. Cat. x, p. 284.
2 . Head, thorax, and abdomen more or less densely pubescent ; the labrum, clypeus, front of the head, and the bases'of the abdo- minal segments finely and closely punctured, the punctures shallow. Black ; the head and front with cinereous, the thorax above and the outside of the posterior tibiae with fulvous pubescence, paler on the tibiae ; the inside of the legs, the base of the basal four abdo- minal segments, and the whole of the 5th and 6th segments clothed with thin black pubescence, the apical margins of segments 1^ broadly with pale fulvous-white pubescence ; the labrum, the clypeus, and a transverse triangular spot above the latter pale yellowish white ; a minute spot at each lateral basal angle of the labrum, and two large subquadrate contiguous spots at the base of the clypeus black ; wings pale fusco-hyahne.
c? similar; a whitish pubescent fascia on the 5th abdominal segment.
This is the common Indian form, but the species is very variable and the pubescence on the thorax may be any shade from fulvous to grey-blue, and the fasciae on the abdominal segments are some- times fulvous.
Hab. Spread from Central and Southern Europe, through Africa to India, Burma, and Ceylon. J d" . Length 10-12 ; exp. 19-22 mm.
931. Anthophora fraterna, n. sp.
d . Head on the vertex somewhat coarsely, the thorax and VOL. I. 2 m
530
KVIDJE.
abdomen finely punctured ; the front between and above theantennaj, the sides of the vertex, the thorax above and on the sides, the basal abdominal segment entirely, and transverse bands on the apical margins of segments 2-6 covered with more or less dense pubescence ; legs long, with a thin fine pubescence on the outer side, the intermediate and posterior femora fringed with long hairs, and 'a brush-like tuft of coarser hairs beneath and spreading out laterally on the apical joint of the intermediate tarsi. Black ; the pubescence rich fulvous, golden yellow on the front and pale on the posterior tibiae, on the anterior and intermediate legs and on the apex of the tibiaj and tarsi of the posterior legs it is whitish ; the tuft on the apical joint of the intermediate tarsi jet-black ; the base of the mandibles and the labrum pale yellowish white ; the clypeus and front of the scape of the antennae sulphur-yellow ; wings hyaline and iridescent, nervures and tegulte testaceous. ^«6. Tenasserim. 6. Length 7-8 ; exp. 15 mm. $ unknown.
932. Antliophora fimhriata, Smith, Neiu Sp. Hym. B. M. p. 122, $ . Podaliiius limbriatus, Ball. Torr. Cat. x, p. 268. ? . Head and thorax pubescent, closely and finely punctured under the pubescence, which on the clypeus and front below the
antennae is thin and sparse, and on the vertex of the head and on the thorax dense but not very long ; abdomen smooth, dull, the surface minutely aciculate ; clypeus strongly convex, transverse anteriorly and margined. Black ; the base of the mandibles, the labrum (except the anterior margin and a large black spot on each side at its base), a spot at each lateral angle of the clypeus joined by a transverse line, an elon- gate cone-shaped median spot, and ^ transverse triangular spot above the base of the clypeus white ; the front, vertex of the head, and thorax above \Mth gre}^ the cheeks, the sides of the thorax in front, the anterior legs, and the mediati segment with white pubescence, thin and sparse on the legs, dense and long on the median segment; abdomen with a little black pubescence along the sides, and m fresh specimens with a Uttle hoary pile on the apical two segments; mt^ermediate and posterior legs with black pubescence, very dense and ong on the outside of the posterior tibise and tarsi; wings dark fuscous, with a slight purple effulgence.
6 similar ; the yellow-white on the labrum and clypeus broader, the le<^s longer, the wings paler, the apical three segments of the abdomen above with thin white pubescence. n r ,7
S Sylhet; Pegu Hills, Burma ; Tenassenm. 2- LengtU 18-20 ; eJp. 36-39 mm. 6 • Length 16 ; exp. 34 mm.
Pig. 180.
AnthopJiora fimbriata, $.
ANTHOl'HOKA.
531
933. Anthophora Candida, Smith, New Sp. Hym. li. M. p. 122, 5 . Podalinus caiulidus, Dall. Torr. Cat. x, p. 202.
2 . Head above the clypeus, the thorax and abdomen covered with dense short pubescence ; the disc of the mesonotum under the pubescence closely and irregularly punctate-striate ; ciypeus and iabrura bare, shining, punctured, the punctures fine and vei-y shallow. Black ; covered with dense short pale ochraceous pubes- cence ; the extreme apex of the abdomen, the intermediate tibiae and tarsi beneath, and the posterior tibijE and tarsi above and below with jet-black pubescence, on the last forming a striking contrast to the ochraceous white of the pubescence on the femora ; ciypeus, labrum, and base of the mandibles pale yellowish white ; two large maculoe at the base of the ciypeus and a spot at the lateral basal angles of the labrum fuscous ; the apical margin of the ciypeus, and also of the labrum, and the apex of the mandibles ferruginous ; antennas piceous ; in some specimens there is a broad longitudinal line of pale ferruginous pubescence along the middle of the posterior tibisB above ; wings vitreous or clear hyaline with a sHght milky appearance.
d similar, smaller ; the legs longer and more slender ; the black spots on the ciypeus nearly obsolete, no black pubescence at the apex of the abdomen.
Bab. The Punjab ; Quetta ; extending into Persia. $ . Length 11 ; exp. 22 mm. . Length 9 ; exj>. 18 mm.
934. Anthophora violacea, Lepel. Hym. ii, p. 80, $ cJ . Podalu-ius violaceus, Dall. Torr. Cat. x, p. 294.
5 . Ciypeus and front below the anterior ocellus somewhat coarsely and closely, vertex of the head and the thorax above finely and densely punctured ; abdomen smooth, the surface finely aciculate ; ciypeus convex, transverse and margined anteriorly, and bearing a medial shining carina. Black ; the sides of the* face, the vertex, the thorax, and median segment above, the legs, and sides of the thorax and of the abdomen covered with fuscous pubescence ; on the median segment in some specimens there is an admixture of white hairs in the pubescence, giving it a greyish appearance ; wings very dark fuscous, with a rich purple effulgence.
cJ similar ; the ciypeus not carinate, a spot on the mandibles at base, the labrum, and ciypeus pale creamy white ; the anterior lateral, and basal margins, and the basal angles of the labrum, the anterior margin narrowly of the ciypeus, and a broad, somewhat irregular A-shaped mark on its disc black ; antennte piceous ; pos- terior margins of the abdominal segments rufo-testaceous ; wings much paler than in the J .
Hab. Bengal ; N.W. Provinces ; Delhi ; Bombay ; Central India ■ Bangalore ; Madras ; Ceylon. $ . Length 17-18 ; exjj. 35 mm'. d . Length 16 ; exj>. 32 mm.
2 M 2
532
935. Anthophora brookiae, Bimjh. Jour. Bomb. N. H. Soc. y, 1890, p. 250, ?.
2 . Head, thorax, and abdomen finely and closely punctured and pubescent, the pubescence dense and somewhat long on the bead and thorax above, very sparse on the clypeus and front, and very short, fine, pile-like, and tbin on the abdomen ; clypeus strongly convex, and with a short median longitudinal carina. Black ; the base of the mandibles, the labrum, clypeus, and a transverse broadly triangular spot above it pale yellow; the anterior margin and a lateral basal spot on the labrum, and two large qiiadi-ate maculse at the base of the clypeus black ; the vertex of the head, the cheeks, and the thorax above with rich fulvous pubescence ; the thin pile on the abdomen and the pubescence on the outside of the legs pale fulvous in some specimens, fading to white on the apical margins of the abdominal segments; the pubescence on the inside of the legs and the antennas black : wings hyaline, fusco-hyaline in some specimens ; nervures and tegulse testaceous.
Hub. Kumaun; Karenuee, 3000 feet. 2 . Length 15-16 ; exp 28 mm.
936 Anthophora himalayensis, Bad. Wiadom. z nauk Brzyrod. 1882, pt. ii, p. 74 ; Ball. Torr. Cat. x, p. 272.
9 . Head above and the cheeks, the thorax, and the legs exteriorly densely pubescent, the pubescence on the front and clypeus thin aud scanty ; the clypeus closely punctured anteriorly, margined, and bearing a medial vertical carina very smooth and shining- basal two abdominal segments covered with a dense short pubescence, apical four segments pruinose velvety; inside of the femora and tibia smooth and shining, without pubescence. Head and thorax under the pubescence fulvous, the pubescence rich fulvous • legs and abdomen black, the pubescence on the legs outside aud on the basal two abdominal segments rich fulvous ; antennjB testaceous ; wings fiavo-byaline, their apical margms broadly f uscescent.
(J similar; legs longer and more slender, antennse longer; wdnas more suffused with a f uscescent shade.
Hah The Himalavas, from Simla to Sikhim, at low elevations ; the hills of Burma aud Tenasserim. Common. $ 6 • Length 16-18 ; exp. 32-35 mm.
937. Anthophora pulcherrima, n. sp. (PI. IV, fig. 5.)
P Head thorax, and abdomen pubescent, finely punctured under the pubescence; abdomen broader and flatter than in the maiority of species. Black ; the front and vertex of the head the Srax above the posterior tibia on the outside, and the basal abdominal segment covered with pale golden yellow, the remaining ubdom nal se|ments above with rich flarne-red pubesc-ence ; the pubescence on the thorax and abdomen long, soft, and silky, on
ANTHOPnORA. — XYLOCOPA .
533
the labriim and front of the face erect and stiff ; legs for the most part with pale ocbraceous, and tlie thorax beneath with white pubescence ; mandibles, clypeus, labrum, and antennas black : wings hyaline, slightly fnscescent and iridescent towards the apex ; nervures and tegulm dark brown.
d similar, smaller ; the labrum and clypeus pale yellow ; the pubescence on the head, thorax, legs, and basal two abdominal segments pale ochraceous.
Var. The pubescence much paler, that on the apical three abdominal segments golden yellow, not red.
Hab. Sikhim. $. Lenyth 14; exp. 27 mm. d. Length 12; exj}. 22 mm.*
Genus XYLOCOPA.
Xylocopa, Latr. Hist. Nat. Ins. iii, p. 379 (1802). Mesotricha, Westw. Trans. Ent. Soo. ii, p. lia (1837). Platynopoda, Westw. Nat. Libr., Ins. vii, p. 271 (1840).
Type, X violacea, Fabr. Range. Both hemispheres.
Head transverse, subrotund ; ocelli in a triangle just below the vertex ; eyes larger in the male and more closely approximate at vertex than in the female ; antennse geniculate, the scape some- times dilated or incrassate ; the flagellum cylindrical, apical joint obliquely truncate ; mandibles short, stout, grooved exteriorly, the apex with two, sometimes three teeth ; maxillary palpi t 6-jointed, basal three joints thick, long, apical three slender and short, each in succession decreasing in length ; labial palpi 4-jointed, basal joint nearly five times the length of the 2nd joint, apical two minute, inserted in a line with the other joints. Thorax short ; fore
* The following species described by the late General EadoszkowBki in a Polish work I have not been able to identify : —
" Antuopiioka faddei.
" Nigra ; elypeo dense punctato linea elevata longitudinali, labro rugoso ; capite, thorace antice, sub alis albo-villosis; abdominis spgmentis quatuor anticis niveo-fasciatis, fasoiis omnibus latissime interruptis, pedibiis nigro-hirsiitis. — Alis fortiter lumatis. Femina. Long. 16 mm. Piohpek " (? Himalayas).
" AsTnOPHOttA INDICA.
"Nigra; clypeo, labroque ebnrneis nigro-maculatis, mandibiilis eburneo- maoulatis; abdominis segmentis 1-5 utrinque niveo-maciilatis, pedibua nigro- hirsutis.— Alis fortiter fumatis. Mas. Long. 13 ram. India."
" Anthopuoba nuda.
"Nigra; clypeo stramineo nigro-maculato ; antennis subtus cinnamomeia, labro stramineo-villoso, thorace lutescenti-villoso ; abdominis segmentis 1-2 nudis, luteo-ferrugineis, omnibus stramineo-fasciatis, pedes oohracei lutescenti- villosi.— Alis subl'uscis. Fem. Long. 14 mm. Himalayas."
Bad. Wiadom. z nauk Przyrod., Warszawa, ii, 1882," pp. 74-75.
t The head from the front, the maxilla, and labium are figured in the Intro duction.
534
wing with the radial cell elongate, acute at apex ; three cubilal cells, the 3rd longest, 2nd subtriangular, the inner angle produced ; the ]st recurrent nervure interstitial with the 2nd transverse cubital nervure, the 3rd cubital cell receives the 2nd recurrent nervure about the middle ; anterior and intermediate tibise with one apical spur, flat and obliquely truncate at apex on the anterior tibite ;
Fig. 18]. cJ. 1. posterior leg; 2, face from
Xyhcopa dissimilis, J. \. front ; 3, inaudible.
posterior tibite and tarsi always densely pubescent, the former with two simple spines at apex ; legs of male generally elongate, the posterior femora sometimes curved and subdentate below. Abdomen either elongate or broad and flat, fringed with long hairs on the sides of the segments.
Several species of Xylocopa are among the commonest insects in India and Burma, often coming into houses with a loud buzzing : in thatched houses they frequently bore into the bamboos laid below the thatch, cutting neat round holes as entrances to their nests. Their jaws must be very powerful, as I have seen the iron-wood posts in the veranda of a house in Burma riddled with the holes made by X. laiipes; the insects were going in and out all day long with pollen. X. rufescens is crepuscular, on fine moonlight nights its loud buzzing can be often heard all night long. The males of all the species generally poise themselves on the most conspicuous point of a branch, aM'aiting the females.
Key to the Siiecies. Females,
A. With black or sooty-hrown pubescence.
a. Length 30 mm. and over.
a'. Scape of antennsE distinctly flattened
and broad at apex X. latipes, p. 536.
h'. Scape of antennsB cylindrical X. tenuiscapa, p. 537.
b. Length imder 30 mm.
a'. Wings fuscous with rich coppery bronze effulgence, not blue or green.
xyiiOCOPA.
535
a^. Abdomen very convex, newly as
broad as long -Y. acutipenms, p. 537.
P. Abdomen not so convex, long; and
narrow, only about two-tliirds as
broad as long . X pidifrons, p. 538.
b'. Wings fuscous purple at base with reddish coppery effulgence, turning to metallic green at apex. .
or. Length 23-24 mm X auripennis, p. 63S.
6". Length 27-29 mm X. dtsdmilu, p. 538.
c'. Wings'^fuscous with dull purple efful- gence throughout. a-. Abdomen obscure bottle-green . . X. mgrocmrulea, p. 539. b'-. Abdomen black.
o^. Length 22-24 mm X. feneatrata, p. 539.
6'. Length 13-17 mm X amethystina, p. 540.
d'. Wings fuscous, deep metallic blue at base, then metalhc green, followed
by deep rosy coppery red at apex . . X. iridipennis, p. 640.
B. With yellow and black pubescence.
a. Thorax only with yellow pubescence
f^ljove < X. (estuans, p. 540.
b. Occiput, thorax, sometimes also basal
abdominal segment, with yellow pu- bescence.
a'. Yellow pubescence spreading to sides
of thorax under the wings X. verticalis, p. 541.
b'. Yellow pubescence not spreading to
sides of thorax X. bryorum, p. 541.
C. With blact and white pubescence.
a. Clypeus, front, and face with dense cine-
reous white pubescence X. basalts, p. 542.
b. Clypeus, front, and face without or with
fuscous or black pubescence.
a'. Abdomen with white pubescent
■bands X. alhofasciata, p. 542.
V . Abdomen with entirely black pubes- cence X. collaris, p. 54.3.
D. With golden brown, sometimes rufescent
pubescence X. rufescens, p. 543.
E. With blue and black pubescence X. cteruka, t^. 54A.
Males.
A. With black or sooty-brown pubescence. a. Length 30 mm. and over.
a'. Scape of antenuEB flattened and very
broad at apex X. latipes, p. 636.
b'. Scape of antennre cylindrical, only
slightly incrassate X. tenuiscapa, p. 537
h. Length under 30 mm.
a' . Wings fuscous with a rich coppery bronze effulgence, not blue or green, a'. Anterior and intermediate tibise and tarsi with pale golden
pubescence X. acutipennis, p. 637.
536
b'-. Anterior and intennediute libiro and tarsi with black jiubesceuce . b'. Wings fuscous, purplish at base, with reddish coppery eH'ulgeuce, turning to metallic green at apex.
a^ Length 20-21 mm
b'-. Length 25-27 mm
c'. Wings fuscous with dull purjjle eflul- geuce throughout.
a\ Length 21-22 mm
6". Length 12-14 mm
d'. Wings fuscous, deep metallic bine at base, then metallic green followed by deep rosy coppery red at apex . .
B. With olive-yellow pubescence.
a. Posterior tarsi only with brownish
pubescence. Length 18-20 mm
b. All the legs with reddish-yeUow pubes-
cence. Length 19-22 mm
c. Intermediate and posterior tibire and
tarsi with dark fuscous-brown pubes- cence. Length 21-23 mm
d. All the legs with fuscous-brown pubes-
cence, the anterior and intermediate tibias and tarsi fringed with pale pu- bescence. Length 24-26 mm
C. With black and white or black and ochre-
ous pubescence.
a. Face and front black, covered with dense
white pubescence, fulvous on the clypeus
b. Face and front more or less yellow, with
a little pale ochreous pubescence ....
D. With golden-brown pubescence
E. With blue and black pubescence
938. Xylocopa latipes. (PI. IV, fig. 7.)
Apis latipes, Drury, III. Exot. Ins. ii, pi. 48, fig. 2. Xylocopa latipes, Fabr. Syst. Piez. p. 337 ; Smith, Cut. ii, p. 353 ; Ball. Torr. Cat. x, p. 213.
$ . Head, thorax, and abdomen punctured ; the cl)'peus, meso- notum anteriorly, and abdomen most densely so ; front with two deep sulcations from below the base of the antennas to beyond the posterior ocelli, the division between forming a marked ridge and widening above to receive the anterior ocellus ; scape of the antennaa widened towards apex. Black, with black pubescence, thick and velvety on the mesonotiuu anteriorly, and long and tufted on the lateral margins of the abdominal segments ; the pubescence on the posterior tibite long, dense, and stiff; wings dark fuscous, with vivid coppery, green, and purple effulgence changing as they catch the light.
cJ similar, the sulcations on the front smaller; the eyes very large, meeting or nearly meeting on the vertex; scape of the antennae much broadened towards the apex; anterior tibiae and
A', pictifrons, p. 538.
X. auripennis, p. 638. X. dissimilia, p. 638.
X. fenedrata, p. 539. X. amethystina, p. 540.
X. iridipennh, p. 540.
X. astvans, p. 640. X. verticalis, p. 641.
X. bryormn, p. 641. X.yiavomffreacens, p. 544.
X. basalts, p. 642.
X, collarh, p. 543. X. rufescens, p. 543. X. cterulea, p. 544.
XTLOCOPA.
537
tarsi flattened and yellow, the tibiaj twisted, the tibiaj and tarsi fringed anteriorly and posteriorly with long, tliick, somewhat curled hairs ; intermediate and posterior legs longer in proportion; wings muc4i narrower, the apex of tlie aulei'ior wing acute. Some specimens have the clypeus and face below the antennas variegated with yellowish white.
Bah. Sikhim ; Barrackpore ; Kumaun Terai ; Central India ; Malabar ; Coouoor ; Assam ; Burma ; Tenasserim ; extending to China and the Malayan region. $ S . Length 32-35 ; exp. 78- 80 mm.
939. Xylocopa tenuiscapa, Westw. Jm-d. Nat. Lib., Ent. vii, p. 271,
pi. 2.J, tig. 2, c? ; Smith, Cat. ii, p. 353 ; Dall. Torr. Vat. x, p. 219.
Xylocopa viridipennis, Lepel. Hym. ii, p. 205.
5 <S . Closely allied to and resembling X. latipes : the female differs in being on the whole smaller ; the sulcations on the front not extending up to the ocelli, the scape of the antennae not at all dilated at apex, and the abdomen on the whole less densely punc- tured. The male differs from that of X. latipes in the scape of the antennae being cylindrical.
JIab. Madras; Assam; Burma; Ceylon. $. Length 30-32; exp. 64-70 mm. S • Length 30 ; exp. 68 mm.
940. Xylocopa acutipennis, Smith, Cat. ii, p. 355, cJ ; Ball. Torr. Cat,
X, p. 202.
5 . Head somewhat sparsely punctured ; thorax nearly smooth, with a few very fine scattered punctures along the Front and sides of the mesonotum and sides of the scutellum ; abdomen finely and densely punctured ; clypeus nearly flat, subtriangular, its sides and the front between the base of the antennae raised into a broad A-shaped carina. Black ; the front above the antennae and the mesonotum anteriorly with short dense velvety sooty-brown pubes- cence ; the sides of the thorax, the legs, and the sides of the abdo- men with black pubescence ; wings narrow and somewhat acute, fuscous with rich metallic coppery, bronze, almost golden tints in certain lights.
cS . The mesonotum and scutellum more punctured, the punctures very shallow and fine, the disc of the former smooth and shining. Black ; the clypeus, a spot at the base of the mandibles, and the scape of the antennas pale whitish yellow ; the pubescence as in the female, with the exception of the anterior tibiae and tarsi and the intermediate tarsi posteriorly, which are clothed with a pale golden pubescence ; wings in the type fuscous, with purple and greenish effulgence, more often, however, as in the female but paler, with the golden metallic tints brighter ; the fore wing more acute at apex than in the female.
Hab. Sylhet ; Khasi Hills ; Bikhim ; Taoo plateau, 4000 ft., Tenasserim. $. Length 26; exp. 60 mm. cJ. Length 23-24; 6X23. 66-58 mm.
538
AVlJtJE.
941. Xylocopa pictifrons, Smith, Trans. Ent. Soc. n.s. ii (1852), p. 42, J ; Dull. Ton: Cat. x, p. 217.
2 . Head, thorax (except the disc of the mesonotum and the base of the scutellum) finely and closely, abdomen very sparsely punctured ; the mesonotum anteriorly and the apical 3 or 4 seg- ments of the abdomen moi'e or less densely pubescent ; the anterior margin of the clypeus somewhat broadly smooth, shining and impuuctate, broadly emarginate in the middle, oblique at the sides; thorax more or less globose and rounded posteriorly. Jet-black and shining, with black pubescence; wings brown, with rich coppery and golden tints, purplish or rosy in different lights ; in the typical specimens from China more or less hyaline towards the base.
c? similar, narrower, with longer legs ; the clypeus (except its anterior margin) narrowly, the face on each side to the level of the posterior ocelli, the front below the base of the antennae, and a lunule on each side of the anterior ocellus bright yellow; the pubescence on the thorax anteriorly and on the sides and back of the median segment sooty brown, on the sides of the thorax anteriorly and on the tubercles brownish white ; wings narrow er than in the female, with more of a greenish brassy lustre.
Hab. China; Java; Sikhim ; Kumaun. $. Length 21-23 ; exp. 48-52 mm. S . Lenc/th 21 • exp. 46 mm.
This beautiful species I found very common at Grnatong in Native Silihim, 12,500 feet. The male attributed to it by Smith belongs, I am certain, to some other species.
942. Xylocopa auripennis, Lepel. Hym. ii, p. 181, ? c? ; Smith, Cat.
ii, p. 356 ; Dull. Torr. Cat. p. 205.
5 . Head densely and finely, thorax and abdomen more sparsely punctured ; the disc of the mesonotum impunctate, smooth and polished; clypeus with an obscure T-shaped impunctate mark, and a broad carina above it between the bases of the antennae, the carina bifurcating below and circling round the anterior ocellus. Elack ; the pubescence black, slightly sooty brown and velvety in fresh fine specimens on the mesonotum anteriorly ; wings very dark brown, witb the most brilliant effulgence of any of the Oriental species of Xylocopa, metallic greenish-blue at base, changing to vivid green with rich golden tints in certain lights towards the apical margins.
c? similar ; difi'ers in being narrower and longer proportionately, the posterior femora incrassate with an obscure tooth below.
Eah. Sikhim ; Barrackpore ; Calcutta ; Burma ; Tenassenm ; China. $ . Length 23-25 ; exp. 50-53 mm. d . Length 20-21 ; exp. 50 mm.
943. Xylocopa dissimilis, Lepel. Hym. ii, p. 180, $ S ; Smith, Cat. u,
p. 35U ; Ball. Torr. Cat. x, p. 209. 5. Head densely, thorax and abdomen sparsely punc-tured ; the obscure impuuctate mark and the frontal carina as iu X. aun-
XYLOOOPA.
539
pennis, but not so prominent. Black, with black pubescence, very dense on the mesonotum anteriorlj', on the sides of the thorax beneath the wings, (he postscutellum, and on the legs ; wings purple at base with reddish coppery tints, becoming metallic green towards the apical margins.
similar, the legs longer, tlie posterior femora incrassate, the posterior tibioe with a broad lamellate projection at apex beneath ; the clypeus at base sometimes, the sides of the face, and a luuular mark on each side of the anterior ocellus whitish yellow ; the thorax anteriorly with a band of whitish-brown pubescence.
Hah. North-West Provinces ; Sikhim ; Barrackpore : Burma ; Tenasserim ; Ceylon. 5 • Length 27-29 ; exj). 68 mm. c? ■ Length 25-27 ; exp. 60-64 mm.
This species resembles X. auripennis, but it is larger, and the male is easily distinguished by the yellow lunule on each side of the anterior ocellus.
944. Xylocopa nigrocserulea. Smith, Trans. Ent. Soc. 1874, p. 279, 2 ;
Dall. Ton: Cat. x, p. 215.
$ . Head, thorax, and abdomen opaque, densely and finely punctured all over, even on the disc of the mesonotum ; clypeus obscurely medially carinate, the carina continued up the front to the anterior ocellus, most pi'ominent between the antennae. Head aud thorax dull black ; abdomen deep obscure bottle-green ; pu- bescence black, dark sooty brown on the mesonotum anteriorly ; wings light fuscous brown with a slight purplish lustre, and some- what paler, almost subhyaline on the disc.
Hab. Celebes ; Ceylon. $ . Length 22 ; exp. 48 mm.
945. Xylocopa fenestrata.
Apis fenestrata, Fabr. Ent. Syst. Suppl. p. 273, (J . Xylocopa indica, Kluff, Mag. n. Entd. ges. Naturk., Berlin, i, 1807, p. 264.
? Xylocopa lunata, Klug, t. c. p. 264, t. vii, fig. 2, $ var.
2 . Head finely and closely, thorax and abdomen more sparsely punctured, the disc of the mesonotum impunctate ; clypeus very slightly convex, nearly flat, widely emarginate anteriorly ; front not carinate ; mesonotum with three obscure, parallel, longitu- dinally impressed abbreviated lines. Black, shining, the pubes- cence black, ferruginous along the apex of the anal abdominal seg- ment, sparse except on the intermediate and posterior legs, where it is dense, long, and of a sooty-black colour ; third abdominal segment with, sometimes, a minute spiracular lateral impression near its base covered with short yellow pubescence; wings dark fuscous, with a purple and coppery effulgence, and with obscure hyaline lines between the nervures at base.
c? similar, narrower in shape, the wings paler, with the hyaline lines more clearly defined.
Hab. Throughout India, most plentiful in the North-West
540
Proviuces ; Burma ; Tenasserim ; Cevlon ; Celebes. $ . Lenqth 22-24 ; exp. 46-50 mm. • Length 2\—22 ; 44 uira.
946. Xylocopa amethystina, Fabr. Ent. Syst. ii, p. 325 ; Dull. Ton:
Cat. X, p. 204. Xylocopa minuta, Lepel. Ilym. ii, p. 190. Xylocopa ignita, Smith, Trans. Ent. Soc. 1874, p. 276.
? . Head and thorax anteriorly, and on the sides and npex of the mesouotum finely and closely, abdomen sparsely punctured, the last with long soft thin pubescence ou the apical three or four segments ; clypeus medially obscurely cariuate ; front between the antenna with a small but acute and prominent tubercle. Black with black pubescence ; wings fuscous, with a deep purple lustre.
d similar, smaller ; the clypeus and sides of the face and apex of the labrum yellowish white ; the pubescence on the mesonotum anteriorly, on the sides of the thorax in front, and on the anterior tibiso and tarsi pale brown, almost cinereous on the tarsi ; winps paler than in the female, in some specimens hyaline at base.
Bab. Punjnb ; North-West Provinces ; Kumaun ; Bombay ; Malabar; Ceylon. $ . Length 13-17 ; exp. -37-39 mm. d . Length 12-14 ; ca-p. 29-32 mm.
947. Xylocopa iridipennis, Le2)el. Hym. ii, p. 188, $ ; Smith, Cat. ii,
p. 353 ; Ball. Ton: Cat. x, p. 213. ? Xylocopa cliloroptera, Home {nec Lepel.), Trans. Zool. Soc. vii, 1870, p. 179.
$ c? • Closely resembling X. clissiniilis, but longer and narrower in both sexes, the puncturiugs ou the head, thorax, and abdomen, especially on the last, finer, closer and deeper ; the male with the front entirely black, and with no lateral yellow lunules ; the pu- bescence on the sides of the abdomen longer and more dense than in X. disshnilis. The wings are very different, being deep metallic blue at base, turning to greenish and deep rosy coppery red tow ards the apex of the fore wing.
Var. A line on the pronotum above and the tubercles covered with light brown pubescence.
Hah. North-West Provinces; Bengal; Madras; Bangalore; Burma; Tenasserim; Sumatra; China. $ cJ. Length 25-27; exp. 66-69 mm.
I am not quite certain whether I have identified this species correctly. The above description is taken from specimens in the British Museum, probably labelled by the late Mr. F. Smith.
948. Xylocopa aestuans.
A-pis sBstunns, L{)in. Syst. Nat. i, ed. X, -p. 57Q, 2- Xylocopa sestuans, Lepel. Hym. ii, p. 193, j J > Smith, Cat. ii, p. 353 ; Hall. Ton: Cat. x, p. 202.
$ . Head, thorax, and abdomen finely punctured, the thorax above densely pubescent, the disc of the mesonotum smooth and impunctate under the pubescence ; clypeus flat, transverse in
XTLOOOPA.
541
the middle .interiorly, the sides oblique ; clypeus and front not carinate. Black ; the pubescence on the head and face, on the sides of the thorax and beneath, and on the abdomen black ; on the thorax above it is bright yellow ; wings dark fuscous with a purple effulgence.
cf . Black, covered all over with a dense olive-yellow pubescence, darker or paler according to locality, those from Sikhim, Burma, and Tenasserim being darker than specimens from the Punjab, N.W. Provinces, and Bombay ; posterior tarsi with brown pubes- cence ; wings hyaline.
Hah. Throughout India, Assam, Tenasserim ; Burma ; Ceylon ; extending to Africa on the west and to the Malayan region on the east. 2°. Length 21-23 ; exp. 41-48 mm. 6 . Length 3 8-20 ; exp. 40-42 mm.
949. Xylocopa verticalis, Lepel. Hym. ii, p. 195, $ S ; DM- Torr.
Cat. X, p. 219.
2 c? • Somewhat like the two sexes respectively in X. cestuans : the female, however, a more compact insect, with the thorax more globular ; the cheeks, occiput, tlie thorax above and on the sides, and the basal abdominal segment covered with dense yellow pubescence having a soft velvety appearance ; legs with a sooty- brown pubescence, turning to ferruginous on the inside of all the tarsi; wings fuscous with a purplish effulgence, subhyaUne at base.
(S differs from X. cestuans c? only in having the legs covered with a rich reddish -yellow, instead of an olive, pubescence.
Hah. Barrackpore. $. Length 19-24; exp. 44-48 mm. 6 slightly smaller.
950. Xylocopa ■bryorum *.
Apis bryonim, Fabr. Syst. Ent. p. 381 .
Xylocopa bryorum, Smith, Tram. Ent. Soc. 1874, p. 275 ; Dall. 'Ton: Cat.'x, p. 206.
5 . Very closely resembling X. cestuans, but constantly larger, the abdomen more closely punctured, the yellow pubescence of the thorax spreading on to the back of the head and cheeks, and some- times to the basal abdominal segment ; wings variable, but in the majority of specimens lighter in colour.
cj also larger than X. cestuans S , the pubescence a darker olive than in that species ; the inside of the intermediate and
* Smith in Jour. Linn. Soc. 1864, p. 48, desoribe.s, from Mysol, Waigiou, &c., a Xylocopa prooida, the female of which apparently differs from the female of X. (sstuans in having the thorax only posteriorly covered with yellow pubes- cence. In the Trans. Ent. Soc. 1874, p. 274, Smith adds N. India to the localities from which it has been obtained. In the British Museum collection there are, however, only three specimens, all males, of this species, and all are from the Malayan region. So far as these specimms are concerned, I can see no difference between them and the males of X. bryorum.
542
APIDJE.
posterior tibite and tarsi with fuscous dark brown pubescence ; wings hyaline or fusco-hyaline -with a purple efPulgence.
Ilah. Sikhim; Malabar; Ceylon; 8outh Teuasserim; through the Malayan region to Australia. 5 . Lengih 24-27 ; exp. 45- 50 mm. (S . Length 21-23; exp. 45-48 mm.
The two species, X. cestuans and X hryorum, are so closely allied that I would join them were it not that the distribution of the two forms is not exactly conterminous. In Teuasserim X. hryorum occurs commonly about Tavoy and Mergui, but not to the north.
951. Xylocopa basalis, Smith, Cat. 11, p. 355, $ S ; I^all. Ton: Cat. X, p. 205.
$ . Head, thorax, and abdomen finely and somewhat sparsely punctured, the punctures most dense on the cheeks, on the sides of the vertex, and sides of the abdominal segments above, the disc of the mesonotum, base of scutellum, base and apex of 1st abdominal segment and the apices narrowly in the middle of the remaining segments impunctate, smooth and shining ; sides of the face and front to just below the vertex depressed, the margin of the depres- sion sharp, transverse ; a sharp tubercle below the anterior ocellus. Black ; the clypeus, the face, and front to the margin of the depressed portion covered densely with cinereous white pubes- cence ; the lateral margins of the basal three abdominal segments and the lateral and apical margins of the remaining segments fringed with long pale yellowish-white pubescence; antennoe bright piceous brown ; the intermediate and posterior tibias and tarsi with rufo-fuscous pubescence ; wings fuscous with a light purplish lustre, basal half hyaline.
cj similar ; the pubescence on the clypeus fulvous, a tuft of white pubescence on the tubercles ; the basal joint of the posterior tarsi incrassate, and with a little white pubescence near the apex of the tibiee.
Hab. Northern India. $ J . Length 15-19 ; exjp. 34-36 mm.
*952. Xylocopa albofasciata, Sic7i. Novam-Beise, Hym. p. 154, $ ; Dull. Torr. Cat. x, p. 204.
" 5 . Head black, punctured, with sparse black pubescence ; antennae beneath fuscous ; mandibles bidentate ; clypeus medially subcarinate ; eyes not convergent at vertex. Thorax black, with black pubescence, deeply but sparsely punctured ; scutellum mar- gined posteriorly, emargiuate in the middle, metathorax (median segment) abruptly truncate. Abdomen black, non-pul3escent, opaque, but densely and strongly punctured : base of 1st segment truncate ; segments 2-5 with a dense long fimbria of pubescence on each side; segments 1-5 with a narrow basal fascia of short white pile. Anal segment and abdomen beneath black, with black pubescence. Legs black, with black pubescence. Wings fuscous, subhyaline, with green and pale coppery and golden lustre ; nervures fuscous. Length 35 ; wing 26 mm.
''Hab. Ceylon."
XTLOCOPA.
543
953. Xylocopa coUaris, Lcpel. Ilym. ii, p. 189, ?; Smith, Cat. ii,
p. ■J.o.i ; mil. Ton: Cat. x, p. 208. Xylouopa dejeaiiii, Lepel. JJym. ii, p. 209, cJ.
$ . Head, thorax, and abdomen punctured, very finely and closelv on the head and abdomen, less closely on the disc of the iiiesonotuin and on the scutelluin ; a distinct line medial vertical carina from the apex ot' the clypeus to between the base of the antenuce, continued as a furrow to the anterior ocellus. Black, with black pubescence ; the prouotum, the sides of the thorax anteriorly, and the front of the mesonotuai clothed with erect dense white pubescence ; wings dull fuscous, with a moderate purple eifulgence.
J . The frontal carina abbreviated, not coming below the base of the clypeus. Black ; the clypeus, sides of the face, the front below the anterior ocellus, a broad line by the eyes over the vertex, and the scape of the antennte pale yellowish white ; the pubescence on the vertex, the pronotum, sides of the thorax anteriorly, front of the mesonotura, anterior legs, and the basal one or two segments of the abdomen ochraceous ; wings subhj-aline, lightly fuscous with purple effulgence.
Var. The whule thorax covered with ochraceous pubescence ; in some specimens the 3i-d abdominal segment also covered with a thin ochraceous down ; very variable in size.
Hah. Sikhim ; Allahabad ; Kumaun ; Burma ; Tenasserim ; Ceylon; extending into the Malayan region and Siara. J. Length 18-19 ; exp. 40-42 mm. d • Length 14-19 ; exy. 32-44 mm.
954. Xylocopa rufescens, Smith, Trans. Ent. Soc. 1874, p. 271, 5;
£in(jh. Jour. Bomb. N. H. Soc. viii, 1893, p. 388, pi. i, %. 2 ; Bail. Torr. Cat. x, p. 217.
5 . Head, thorax, and abdomen more or less densely pubescent and finely and closely punctured under the pubescence. Eufo-fuscous, with golden-brown pu- bescence varying in depth of colour and brightness; antenn£B rufous brown, the flagellum paler beneath ; wings fulvo- hyaline, paler along the apical and pos- terior margins.
(J similar, with the pubescence paler but brighter and more dense on the abdomen ; the clypeus and face yellow *. Pig 182. Hab. Sikhim ; Burma ; Tenasserim ;
Xylocopa rufescens, (S . \. Java, Sumatra, Borneo. 5 J. Length
28-30 ; exp. 57-60 mm.
» The following species, described by Lepeletier St.-Fargeau from India, I nave been wholly unable to identify ; so far as 1 know, it has not been procured ol' late years, and may not be Indian : —
Xylocopa PEitituaiNHA.—" Antenna; nigra;. Caput et thorax nigra, nigro villosa. Abdomen nigrum, totum ferrugineo subTillosum niai-gineque ciliatum. Pedes nigri, nigro villosi. Aim violaceo-fuscie." — Lepel. Hym. ii, p. 187, J.
544
apid;e.
955. Xylocopa caerulea. (PI. IV, fig. 8.)
Bombua cajruleiis, Fabr. Si/st. Piez. p. 345.
Xylocopa cronilea, Lepel. Tlym. ii, p. 200 ; Smith, Cat. ii, p. 357 ; Dall. Ton: Cat. x, p. 207.
2 c? . Head, thorax, and basal abdominal segment densely pubes- cent, and punctured finely and closely under the pubescence, except on the disc ol: the mesouotum which is smooth. Black; the intermediate and posterior legs and the sides of the apical five abdominal segments with black pubescence ; the head, thorax, and anterior tibiiB with a beautiful blue pubescence ; the pubes- cence on the anterior tarsi black ; wings dark fuscous with a purple effulgence.
Hah. Sikhim ; Burma; Tenasserim ; extending as far as New Caledonia. Length 17-19; exp. 38-40 mm. I have not see
the male.
956. Xylocopa flavonigrescens, Smith, Cat. ii, p. 354, s ; Dall. Torr.
Cat. X, p. 211.
cJ . Head and thorax densely, abdomen sparsely pubescent, the last very finely, closely, and regularly punctured ; the clypeus, face in front, vertex of the head, thorax, and basal abdominal segment above with bright yellow pubescence ; the cheeks behind the eyes, the 2nd and following segments of the abdomen with black pubescence, having an obscure olive tinge on segments 2-4 ; a very narrow line of bright yellow pubescence slightly interrupted in the middle at the bases of the 4th, 5th, and 6th segments, and the ventral segments fringed with long yellow hairs ; antennae black ; the sf'ape and apical ten joints of the flagell am testaceous yellow beneath; legs black,with fuscous-brown pubescence, the anteriorand intermediate tibiae and tarsi posteriorly, and the apical three joints of the latter anteriorly, also fringed with long pale pubescence ; wings fusco-hyaline, with a rich purple effulgence.
Hah. Sylhet ; Southern Tenasserim. J • Length 24-25 ; exp. 54 mm. ? unknown.
Genus BOMBUS. Bombus, Latr. Hist. Nat. Ins. iii, p. 385 (1802).
Type, B. ferrestris, Fabr. Range. Both hemispheres.
The species belonging to this genus are densely pubescent. Head not so wide as the thorax, with front and face frequently elongate ; the eves rather narrow, not reaching down to the base of the mandibles ; the ocelli nearly in a straight line on the vertex ; the antennae geniculate, long and filiform in the 6 ; the clypeus convex, generally much longer than broad ; labrum ciliated, and in all the Indian species I know incised in the middle ; mandibles stout, broad, grooved at their apex, which is rounded; tongue elongate, pubescent ; labial palpi 4-jointed, the proportions of the
BOMBtrS.
545
2 3 Fig. 183. — Bombus. 1, mandible ; 2, maxilla ; 3, labium. (Much enlarged.)
basal two joints rarying in different species, apical two joints always minute ; maxillary palpi 2-jointed, of variable lengtli.
Thorax globose : wings long ; fore wing with the radial cell narrow towards the apex, rounded and slightly appendi- culate ; three cubital cells, the 2nd cell of very characteristic shape, narrowed, curved, and produced inwards towards the base, receiving the 1st recur- 7'ent nervure, in all the Indian species known to me, before the middle ; the 3rd cubital ce:l narrowed towards the radial, receiving the 2nd recurrent nervure towards the apex ; legs stout, the posterior pair in the female smoota, with the tibiae and tarsi broad and flattened, the former denselj fringed with long curled hair on the outer side, forming a corbicula or pollen- basket ; the basal joint of the tarsi oblong, externally concave, its edges fringed with short stiff hairs ; the inner surface furnished with a dense brush of short hairs ; the joint is notched at base, with a stout external tooth ; claws of the tarsi bifid ; in the male the legs are longer, the posterior tibiae only slightly widened at apbx and convex externally. Abdomen always more or less densely pubescent.
The Indian species of Bombus occur, so far as I know, only on the higher hills, especially in the Himalayas. The habits are very similar to those of their British allies, but no observations have been recorded as to which species are surface-builders and which burrowers-under-grouud. The female, males, and orkers differ considerably in size.
Key to the Species.
A. Mesonotum above with a ti'ansverse band of pubescence diflerently coloured to rest of pubescence on thorax. a. Pubescence on 2nd abdominal segment black.
a' . Pubescence on 1st abdominal segment
hoary white £. rufofasciatus,^. 547.
b' . Pubescence on 1st abdominal segment
yellow.
a^. Pubescence on legs black B. viontivagus, p. 547.
b". Pubescence on legs fulvous.
a'. Clypeus much longer than broad . B. mayrettii, p. 648. b^. Clypeus much broader than long . B. channicus, p. 548. 6. Pubescence on 2nd abdominal segment
yellow B. trifasdatus, p. 548.
VOL. I. 2 N
546
c. Pubescence on 2nd abdominal segment hoary or ochraceoiis white. «'. Abdominal segments 3-5 with ochra- ceuiis-white nubescence, the bases of segments witli transverse black pubes- cent fascire B.permiatus, -p. bi8.
b'. Abdominal segment 3 with black, 4 and
5 wth orange-red pubescence B. tunicatua, p. 649.
B. Mesonotum without a transverse band of pubescence, differently coloured to rest of pubescence on thorax. a. Pubescence on head, thorax, and abdomen all of one colour.
a'. Pubescence black B. eximius, p. 549.
//. Pubescence yellow B. Jlavescena,p.5bO.
h. Pubescence on head, thorax, and abdomen not all of one colour. a'. Apical two or more abdominal segments with black pubescence. a^. Pubescence on 3rd abdominal segment fuscous brown or black, a'. Pubescence on thorax yellow .... B. melanurus, p. 550. b^. Pubescence on thorax fuscous
brown B. assamensis, p. 550.
V^. Pubescence on 3rd abdominal segment
fulvous B. andamanus, p. 561.
b'. Apical two or more abdominal segments with grey or hoary-white pubescence. a^. Pubescence on 2nd abdominal seg- ment bright fawn-colour B. atrucinctus, p. 551.
b''. Pubescence on 2nd abdominal seg- ment silvery grey, narrowly black
along base B. funerarius, p. 551.
c^. Pubescence on 2nd abdominal seg- ment black. a^. Pubescence on thorax above rich
fulvous red B. terminalis, p. 552.
fi^ Pubescence on thorax above hoary or ochraceous white, a*. Pubescence on 1st abdominal [p. 552.
segment pale yellow B. Jlavothoracicus,
b'^. Pubescence on 1st abdominal
segment black B. festivus, p. 653.
c'. Apical two or more abdominal segments with yellow or red pubescence of some
shade. [p. 552.
d'. Pubescence on thorax silvery grey . . B. funerarius, var., V^. Pubescence on thorax ochraceous or yellow.
a?. Pubescence on 3rd abdominal seg- ment vermilion-red B. miniatus, p. 553.
b^. Pubescence on 3rd abdominal seg- ment brown B. vallestris, p. 653.
c'^. Pubescence on thorax black.
a^. Pubescence on 3rd abdominal seg- [p. 554.
ment bright rufo-fulvous B. hamorrhoidaiis,
nOMBUS.
547
b^. Pubescence on Srd abdominal seg- ment black, o*. Basal two abdominal segments
with black tiubesconce B. sirnillimus, p. 554.
i'. Basal two abdominal segments
with yellow pubescence B. orientalis, p. 555.
(P. Pubescence ou thorax bright fulvous. B. lom/ice.pH, p. 655.
957. Bombus rufofasciatus, Smith, Trans. Ent. Soc. n. s. ii, 1852,
p. 48, ? ; Ball. Torr. Cat. x, p. 545.
2 ■ Head and face elongate, with long pubescence ou the front, between the antennse and above the clypeus ; the clypeus, vertex, and cheeks finely and closely punctured ; the thorax and abdomen densely pubescent, the apical segment of the last above without pubescence, convex and pimctured. The head, the pronotum, the mesonotum posteriorly, the scutellum, the sides of the thorax, the upper part of the legs, and the 2nd abdominal segment with long black pubescence ; a band on the mesonotum anteriorly, the median segment, the basal and the 4th to 6th abdominal segments with greyish-white, and the 3rd segment with bright fulvous-red pubescence ; the pubescence short and pale golden on the tibias and tarsi, and bright fulvous at the extreme apex of the anal segment ; wings hyaline, lightly fascescent towards the apical margins.
9 similar, smaller, the basal two abdominal segments with pale yellow, the 3rd with black, and the apical three with orange-red pubescence.
Bah. Northern India (Smith) ; Sikhim, 12,500 ft. ? . LengtJi 28 ; exp. 48 mm. ^ . Leivc/tli 15 ; exp. 31 mm.
958. Bombus montiva^s, Smith, J. A. 8. B. xlvii, 1878, p. 168, 2 ;
Ball. Torr. Cat. x, p. 535 ; Binqh. Jour. Bomb. N. H. Soc. viii, p. 388, pi. i, fig. 12.
$ . Head and face elongate, only pubescent on the front between the antennae and on the occiput, the rest smooth, shining, with a few minute punctures on the cheeks and vertex ; the thorax and abdomen densely pubescent, the apical segment of the latter narrowly bare above, with a short medial furrow. Black ; the pubescence on the head, the mesonotum, on the scutellum anteriorly, the legs, and on the 2nd and 3rd abdominal segments black ; on the pronotum, the sides of the thorax, the scutellum posteriorly, the median segment, and on the apical three abdominal segments fulvous red ; on the basal abdominal segment bright yellow ; wings fuscous, dull, with scarcely any effulgence.
9 similar ; smaller ; a patch of white pubescence beneath the wings and on the sides of the median segment ; the 2nd to the 4th abdominal segments with black, the apical two segments only with fulvous-red pubescence.
Hab. Pegu Hills, Burma ; Dawnat Eange, 4000 ft ; Karennee, 5000 ft. 2. Length 25; exp. 50 mm. Length 16; exp.
32 mm. c? unknown.
2n2
548
*959. Bombus ma^rettii, Grih. Bull. Soc. Ent. Hal. xxiii, p. 115, 2 J ;
Dall. Ton. Cat. x, p. 632.
" ? c? . Black, the tarsi sometimes (chiefly the posterior four) more or less nifo-ferruginous ; head much lengthened ; the clypeus much higher than broad ; cheeks broader tliau the eyes ; the apical ventral segment obsoletely canaliculate ; head, the disc of the thorax, and the 2nd and 3rd abdominal segments above clothed with black, the rest of the thorax, the legs, and the 4th and following abdominal segments with fulvous pubescence ; the tibiae and tarsi, sometimes also the apical abdominal segment, vvifh ferruginous pubescence ; the pubescence on the basal abdominal segment yellow ; wings subinfuscate.
" y . Length 14 mm. c? • Length 10-13 mm."
Hah. Shan Toma, Burma.
Unknown to me, but closely resembling B. montivagus, Smith, differing apparently only in the colour of the legs.
*960. Bombus channicus, Grih. Bull. Soc. JEnt. Ital. xxiii, t^. 116, $ ^ ; Ball. Ton: Cat. x, p. 514.
" ? 9. Closely resembling and allied to B. magrettii; but the head is shorter, the clypeus much broader than high, and the cheeks uniformly in transverse diameter half the width of the eyes. — Length, 2 19 mm.; § 10 mm."
Hah. Shan Toma, Burma.
961. Bomhus trifasciatus, Smith, Trans. Ent. Soc. n. s. ii,1852, p. 43, 2 , pi. viii, fio:. 4.
Bombus hjematurus, Kriechb., var. trifasciatus, -HantZi. Ann. Natur- hist. Hofmus. Wien, iii (1888), p. 215. 2 . Head and face not particularly elongate : the front and cheeks with a dense short pile, and on the front tufts of long pubescence ; vertex, space between eyes beneath, and base of mandibles bare, polished and shining ; the thorax and abdomen densely pubescent; anal segment above bare, finely punctured. Head, 'a broad transverse band on the thorax, the legs, and the 3rd abdominal segment with black pubescence ; the thorax an- teriorly and posteriorlv, and the median segment with pale, and the basal two abdominal segments with brighter yellow pubescence ; the fine dense pile on the face and cheeks pale ochraceous ; the apical three abdominal segments with rich fulvous-red pubescence ; the apex of the tibise and the tarsi with ferruginous pile ; wings
fusco-hyaline. , , , , j .^i i-i
5 similar, smaller ; the transverse black band on the thorax
Hah 'Chusan, China (Smith); Sikhim, 12,500 ft., on the pass (Jelap La) into Chumbi. 2 • LengtJi 24-26 ; cvjj. 52-54 mm. ^. Length 19; e.rp. 42 mm.
962. Bombus personatus, Smith, Nejv Sp. Hym. B. M. p. 132, 2 i Ball. Ton: Cat. x, p. 540. 2 Head and face narrow, elongate ; the vertex, cheeks, and
BOMBUS.
549
clypens bare, finely punctured ; the space between the eyes and base of maudibles highly polished, itnpunctate, shining. Black, covered with ocbraceous white pubescence; a broad transverse band between the tegulaj witb dense, and the base of abdominal segments 3-5 with bands of thin, black pubescence; the apical segment with a thin covering of black hairs above ; the pubescence on the head and face sprinkled plentifully with black hairs, and the greater part of the legs covered with short black, the inside of the posterior tarsi with ferruginous pubescence ; wings hyaline, broadly fuscesceut along their apical margins.
Hah. Kuuawar District, Northern India. 5 . Length 22 ; ex^j. 46 mm. ^ and d unknown.*
963. Bombus tunicatus. (PI. IV, fig. 10.)
^mith, Trans. Ent. Soc. n. s. ii, 1852, p. 43, pi. viii, fig. 7 ; Ball. To7-r. Cat. x, p. 560.
2 . Head and face not particularly long ; clypeus, cheeks vertex, and space between the orbits of the eyes beneath and the base of the mandibles bare, shining, punctured ; the front above the clypeus, the thorax, and abdomen densely pubescent; apical abdominal segment bare above, punctured, not carinate. Black ; the head, a transverse broad fascia between the wings, the legs, and the 3rd abdominal seg- ment covered with black, thorax anteriorly and posteriorly and the basal two abdominal segments with hoary white, and the apical three abdominal segments with bright orange- red pubescence ; wings fusco-hyaline, darker towards the costal margin, the head entirely covered with thin (not ^ fuscous pubescence ; the transverse fascia on the mesonotum between the wings narrower ; wings somewhat paler.
9 resembles the $ , much smaller ; the 2nd, sometimes also 1st, abdominal segment with dull orange-red pubescence.
Eab. China ; Kumaun ; Mussooree {Rotlmey). $ . Length 20-22 • exp. 43-45 mm. § . Length 13-15 ; exp. 27-29 mm. ^ . Length 17 ; exp. 36 mm.
Fig. \dA.— Bombus tunicatus, J. \-
d similar, smaller dense) rather long
964. Bombus eximius, Smith, Trans. Bnt. Soc. n. s. ii, 1852, p. 47, $ , pi. viii, fig. 5 ; Ball. Torr. Cat. x, p. 519.
$ . Head and face not particularly elongate ; the clypeus convex ; vertex of bead, the cheeks, space between the orbits of the eyes beneath and the base of the mandibles, and the clypeus smooth
* B. BBLLioosns,^ Smith, New Sp. Hym. B. M. p. 131, stated to be from " Sumatra or India," is without doubt American, and identical with £. thoraoicus Sich. (nec Spin.), Ann. Sou. Ent. Fr. 1862, p. 121. '
550
and .shilling. Blac-k, with long black pubescence ; the legs bright testaceous; the wings fulvo-hyaliue.
d and ^ smaller, similar; the cJ differing only in having longer legs.
Hah. Sylhet ; Sikhim, 2000-8000 ft. ; Taoo plateau, 4000 ft. ; Moolayit, 5000 ft.; Tenasserim. 2- Length 28-Sl ; exjp. 5Q- 50 mm. 5. Length 15-21 ; exjp. 33-40 mm.
965. Bomhus flavescene, Smith, Trans. Ent. Soc. n. 8. ii, 1862, p. 45,
cJ ; Dull. Torr. Cat. x, p. 520.
9. Head and face somewhat narrow and elongate; the vertex, the space between the eyes and base of the mandibles (but not the cheeks), and the clypeus bare, smooth and shining ; the rest of the head, the thorax, and abdomen densely pubescent ; the anal seg- ment convex, bare and punctured. Head, thorax, and abdomen covered with long bright pale yellow pubescence ; the legs bright reddish testaceous ; wings hyaline, very slightly fuscescent, and darkening towards the apex, similar, slightly larger.
Hub. Chusan, China; Sikhim, above 10,000 ft. Length 12-15 ; exp. 25-28 mm. 6 . Length 17 ; exp. 33 mm.
966. Bomhus melanurus, Lepel. Hym. i, p. 469, 5 ^ ; Dull. Torr. Cat.
X, p. 533.
Bomhus altaicns, Eversm. Bull. Soc. Nat. Mono, xix, pt, 1 (1846),- p, 436, pi. iv, fig. 1 ; Smith, 2nd Yark. Miss., Hym. p. 9.
5 or 9. Head and face elongate; front pubescent; vertex, cheeks, and clypeus finely punctured: space between eyes and base of mandibles smooth and pohshed ; thorax and abdomen densely pubescent ; apical four segments of the latter more or less bare in the middle above and punctured. Black ; the pubescence on the head in front blackish mixed with griseous ; on the occiput, thorax, and basal two segments of the abdomen bright yellow ; on the legs and apical four segments of the abdomen jet-black, on the tarsi of the legs slightly rufescent ; wings fusco-hyaline and violaceous.
Hob. Syria; Siberia; Pangong Valley, Ladak. 5. Length 12; exp. 26 mm. 1 have only seen a single ? of this species. The $ is said to be 27 mm. long.
967. Bomhus assamensis, n. sp.
. Head and face narrow elongate ; the vertex, the space between the eyes and the base of the mandibles, and the clypeus bare, smooth, impunctate; the clypeus boldly convex ; rest of the head, the thorax, and abdomen densely pubescent ; aual segment above bare and minutely punctured, not carinate. Head, pro- and mesonotum, and apical four abdominal segments with fuscous- brown pubescence, reddish in certain Ughts ; the sides of the thorax
BOMBUS.
551
with snow-white, the basal two abcloiiiinal segments with pale ochraceous pubescence ; legs black, with fuscous pubescence, the tibiae and tarsi dark rut'o-testaceous ; wings light fuscous, paler towards their apical margins.
cJ similar, the antenuEB and legs only longer proportionately.
Hah. Margherita, Assam. ^ . LerujtK 16 ; exf. 34 mm. J . Laujth IS ; exp. 38 mm.
*968. Bombus andamanus, Grib. Ann. Mus. Civ. Gen. xviii (1882), p. 268, $ ? 5 ? ; Dall. Ton: Cat. x, p. 510.
g or $ . " Black, the posterior two tarsi red ; clypeus slightly broader than high, cheeks trapezoidal in outline, narrower than the eyes ; head and thorax with black pubescence mixed with yellowish hairs, chiefly on the front and on the mesopleurffi, tibiae and tarsi with reddish pubescence ; abdomen, the 1st segment covered with dense yellow, and a little black pubescence on either side of the disc ; 2nd segment clothed broadly with fulvous and a basal fascia of jet-black pubescence angularly produced in the middle ; 3rd segment covered entirely with fulvous, and apical three segments with black pubescence ; beneath, the abdomen has yellow pubescence ; wings subfuscous.
'• or $ . Length 17 mm."
Hab. The Andamaus {Gribodo).
969. Bombus atrocinctns, Smith, Trans. Zool. Soc. vii, p. 193, J ,
pi. xxi, fig. 13; Dall. Ton: Cat. x, p. 612.
$ or g . Head, thorax, and abdomen densely pubescent ; the vertex of the head, and the space between the orbits of the eyes beneath and the base of the mandibles non-pubescent, highly polished and shining. Clypeus and head in front with pale ochraceous pubescence mixed with long black hairs ; thorax and basal two abdominal segments with brightfawn-colom-ed pubescence of a deeper fulvous tint on the thorax ; legs with black Fi". 185.— Bombtis pubescence mixed with pale hairs above, and airocinci'us, \. ferruginous on the tarsi ; 3rd and 4th abdominal segments with black, apical two with hoary whitish pubescence ; wings hyaline, broadly fuscescent along the apical margins.
d similar, the wings slightly darker, the apical three abdominal segments with griseous pubescence, the pubescence on the tarsi entirely ferruginous.
Eab. Kumaun ; Sikhim. $ or . Length 14 ; exjx 34 mm. cJ . Length 13 ; exja. 35 mm.
970. Bomhus funerarius, Smith, Tr ans. Ent. Soc. n. s. ii, 1852, p. 47)
pi. viii, tig. 6; Dall. Ton: Cat. x, p. 521.
$. Head and face elongate, sparsely pubescent; the vertex,
552
cheeks, space between eyes and base of mandibles, and the clypeus bare, highly polished and shining; thorax and abdomen densely pubescent ; anal segment of latter above concave and bare, with a medial longitudinal carina. Head, thorax, the whole of the Ist, base narrowly of the 2nd, and the apical three abdominal segments covered with silvery grey pubescence, looking brighter or duller in different lights, and forming a well-marked abbreviated medial longitudinal silvery Fig. \S&.—Bombiis line on the mesonotum ; the pubescence fmerarius, 5 • t- on the upper portion of the legs, on the 2nd abdominal segment posteriorly, and on the whole of the ^rd segment jet-black ; the tarsi and the extreme apex of the abdomen bright ferruginous : wings light fuscous with a purple effulgence.
Var. The apical three abdominal segments with bright orange- red, not grey pubescence.
Hab. Northern India (Smith) ; Sikhim, 8000 feet. ? . Length 25 ; exj). 50 mm. g and d unknown.
The variety with the apical three segments orange-red was the only one I procured in Sikhim.
971. Bombns terminalis. Smith, Trans. Zool. Soc. vii, p. 193, d" (nec
Smith, Trans Ent. Soc. 187.3, p. 206). Bombus hypnonmi, var. terminalis, Handl. Ann. Naturhist.Hofmus. Wien, iii (1888), p. 217 ; Ball. Ton: Cat. x, p. 626.
2 ?5 . Clypeus, space between the orbits of the eyes beneath and the mandibles, and the vertex of the head non-pubescent, highly polished and shining ; clypeus convex, with a few coarse punctures ; labrum slightly exserted beneath the clypeus ; head, thorax, and abdomen densely pubescent. Head in front, the occiput, the upper part of the legs, the sides of the thorax and of the median segment, and the basal four abdominal segments covered with black pubescence, the thorax and median segment above with long rich fulvous-red pubescence, the pubescence on all the tarsi and also on the intermediate tibice towards the apex ferruginous ; apical two abdominal segments wath dense greyish pubescence ; wings f usco-hyaline, with a slight but brilliant purple effulgence.
cJ similar ; the clypeus with fulvous-white pubescence, the apical three abdominal segments with greyish pubescence ; wings paler.
Hab. The Himalayas from Simla to Sikhim. . Length \Q exp. 42 mm. ^ . Length 15 ; e.vp. 34 ram. J . Length 16 ; e.vp. 40 mm.
972. Bombus flavothoracicus, n. sp.
2 . Head and face not elongate ; the clypeus, vertex, cheeks, and space between eyes and base of mandibles bare and shining ; the clypeus convex, the vertex punctured, the thorax and abdomen densely pubescent, the anal segment bare, not carinate. Black ;
BOMBUS.
553
the pubescence on the head, upper part of the legs, and 2nd and 3rd abdominal segments bhick, on the bead mixed with a little griseous pubescence; the thorax (except the disc of the mesonotum probably through abrasion) covered with pale ochraceous, the basal abdominal segment with pale sulphur-yellow, and the apical three segments with hoary white pubescence ; the extreme apex of the anal segment with a thick short fulvous-red pile; the antennas piceous ; the tarsi with a thin ferruginous pile ; wings bght fuscous nervures and tegulse black.
? ^ sipiilar, smaller; the thorax in front of a line between the teguliB of the wings and the basal two abdominal segments with bright yellow, the head, the posterior half of the thorax, the legs, and the 3rd and 4th abdominal segments with black pubescence, the pubescence on the head mixed with greyish, that on the apical two abdominal segments hoary white; wings paler than in the female.
Eab. Sikhim, above 10,000 feet. $ . Length 24-26 ; ecejj. 49- 51 mm. ^ . Length 14-16 ; exp. 36 mm.
1 am not certain whether I have correctly identified the ^ . This fine humble-bee was common on the high mountain behind our frontier station of Gnatong (12,500 feet), in Native Sikhim, in May.
973. Bombus festivus, Smith, Jour. Ent. i, 1861, p. 152, $ ; Ball.
Ton: Cat. x, p. 520. Bombus moUeri, Bingh. Jour. Bomb. N. H. Soc. x, 1896, p. 197.
2 . Clypeus and front smooth, shining, with a few scattered large punctures ; clypeus bare, front of the head thinly, the rest of the head, the thorax, and abdomen densely pubescent. Black, with black pubescence, the thorax and the apical two abdominal segments with hoary white pubescence ; antennae and legs piceous, turning to dark testaceous on the inner side of the posterior tibiae and tarsi ; the anterior and posterior tibiae and tarsi and the intermediate tarsi somewhat rufescent ; wings light fuscous, nervures and tegulse brown.
-ffai. Kumaun ; Sikhim above 6000 feet. Length 25-27; exp. 50 mm.
974. Bombus miniatus, n. sp.
cJ . Somewhat resembling B.Jlavescens('p. 550), but the head and face broader, not elongated, the iegs black, with ferruginous golden pubescence ; the head, thorax, and basal two abdominal segments with long dense dark greenish-yellow, the apical four segments above with rich vermilion-red pubescence, the wings similar to those of B. flavescens.
Hah. Sikhim, over 10,000 feet. S- Length 16; exp. 38 mm. 2 and ^ unknown. Type in coll. British Museum.
975. Bombus vallestris. Smith, 2nd Yark. Miss., Ilym. p. 8, $ ;
Ball. Ton: Cat. x, p. 560.
2 . Head and face subrotundate ; the vertex, the space between the eyes and the base of the mandibles, and the clypeus bare, impunclate, highly polished; thorax and abdomen densely
554
APIUjB.
pubescent ; apical segment of the latter convex, covered with a dense close pile, mixed with long hairs. Head and Ihorax with pale ocliraceous pubescence, thickly sprinkled with long black hairs ; the basal two abdominal segments with pale yellow pubescence, brownish ferruginous along the base of the 2nd segment, 3rd segment with brown, the apical three segments above with golden ferruginous pubescence, darkening to brown on the sides of the 4th and 5th segments ; legs obscure rufo-testaceous above, bright testaceous on the tibiie and tarsi ; the intermediate trochanters beneath, the tibiro and tarsi with shining golden-brown pubescence ; wings more or less fusco-hyaline.
5 and d similar, smaller ; the pubescence on the head and face more densely set with black hairs, and on the apical segments of the abdomen brighter ferruginous.
Eab. Dras, Kargil, Leh in Ladak; Sikhim above 7000 feet. 5. Length 17-18; exp. 35-37 mm. Length 14 mm; exp.
33 mm.
976. Bombus hsemorrhoidalis, Smith, Trans. Ent. Soc. n. s. ii, 1852,
p. 43, ? d ? ; Dcill, Tun: Cat. x, p. 521.
2 . Face elongate ; clypeus, front above base of antennae, and the vertex smooth and shining, without pubescence, the clypeus and Ei'ont with a few scattered large punctures, the sides of the face along the inner orbits finely and closely punctured. Black, with black pubescence, on the tarsi slightly rufescent, the pubescence on the basal two abdominal segments bright yellow, on the apical four bright rufo-fulvous ; wings dark fuscous.
^ smaller, but precisely similar in colouring.
cJ similar ; the head, thorax, and legs with sooty-black pubes- cence, mixed with pale hairs on the legs ; the apical abdominal segments with paler fulvous-red pubescence than in the female ; tarsi ferruginous.
Nab. Chusan, China ; Northern India ; Mussooree (JRothney) ; Kumauu (^Miss A. Brook). 5 . Length 22-25 ; e.vp. 48-50 mm. ^ . Length 12-14 ; exp. 36 mm. c? . Length 15-18 ; exp. 38-44 mm.
977. Bomhus simillimus, Smith, Trans. Ent. Soc. n. s. ii, 1852, p. 48,
$ ; Ball. Ton: Cat. x, p. 548.
2 ■ Head and face not remarkably eloiigate ; the vertex, cheeks, space between eyes and mandibles, and clypeus bare, finely and sparsely punctured ; thorax and abdomen densely pubesceut ; the anal segment above bare and finely rugose, with a V-shaped hollow. Black, with black pubescence, the apical three abdominal segments covered with rich orange-red pubescence, the apical three joints of the tarsi testaceous, the inside of the posterior tarsi with short ferruginous-red pubescence, the calcaria deep red; wings dark fusco-hyaline.
^ similar, smaller, wings more hyaline.
Hab. Northern India {Smith) ; China. ? . Length 24 ; exp. 48mm. ^ . Length 11 ; exp. 23 mm.
BOMBUS.
555
978. Bombus orientalis. (PI. IV, fig. 9.)
Cat. ii, p. 402, $ ; Uall. I'on: Cat. x, p. 538. Boiiibus bucciuatoris, ISmith, Mew iSjj. llijm. B. M. p. 132, $. Y Boiubus simulus, Grib. Bull. But. <Soe. Ital. xxiii, 1891, p. 114, $ .
$ . Head and face elongate, only slightly pubescent ; the vertex, cheeks, space between eyes and base of mandibles, and the clypeus bare, polished and shining ; the clypeus convex and slightly punc- tui-ed ; thorax and abdomen densely pubescent ; anal segment narrowly bare above, concave, and bearing two parallel, short, broad, medial longitudinal cariuEe. Head, thorax, upper part of the legs, and the 3rd abdominal segment clothed with black, the basal two segments with pale yellow, and the apical three segments with rich fuivous-i"ed pubescence ; tarsi more or less with short ferruginous pubescence ; wings dark fuscous with a rich purple effulgence.
5 similar, smaller, the basal two abdominal segroents with brighter yellow pubescence.
Var. huccinatoris, Smith. — According to the description, with bright yellow pubescence on the median segment also, but not so in the specimen marked as the type; the 4th as well as the 3rd abdominal segment with black, the apical two with bright ferru- ginous pubescence.
c? similar to the female ; smaller, with brighter yellow pubes- cence on the basal two abdominal segments, and the wings paler.
Eab. Sikhim ; Kunawar. § . Lenyth 2i-24 ; exp. 50 mm. $ Length 16-18 ; exp. 34-40 mm. S ■ Length 19-20 ; exp. 44 mm. One of the commonest species about Darjeeling.
*979. Bombus longiceps, S7nith, 2nd Yark. Miss., Hym. p. 8, $! cJ ; Ball. Ton: Cat. x, p. 532.
" 5 . Black ; the head elongate, the clypeus smooth and shining ; the tips of the mandibles rul'o-piceous, the flagelluui of the antennae obscurely fulvous beneath. Thorax above and beneath the wings densely clothed with bright fulvous pubescence, beneath and on the legs it is black, the four apical joints of the tarsi ferruginous ; the wings hyaline. Abdomen — the three basal segments with black pubescence, usually more or less abraded towards the base, which is smooth and shining, the apical segment fulvo-ferruginous.
" Length 9 hues (= about 19 mm.).
" Bab. Driis, Kargil, Leh, in Ladak. The male of this species is clothed exactly the same as the female, the face having also black pubescence."
Genus PSITHTRUS.
Psithyrus, Lepel. Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr. i, p. 366 (1832). Apathus, Neivman, Ent. May. ii, p. 404 (1834).
Type, P. rupestris, Eabr.
Range. Probably the same as that of Bombus.
Characters those of Bombus, except that the posterior tibiae are convex exteriorly and densely pubescent, not furnished with a corbicula for carrying pollen ; the basal joint of the posterior tarsi not toothed at its base above ; abdomen incurved slightly at apex ;
556
apical ventral fegment with the lateral margins raised ; and in the mule the posterior tibiae are onl_y slightly attenuated at the base.
The species of this genus are well-known as inquilines, guests or iTiessniates of the Bomhi. Only one species, so far as 1 Imow, has as yet been recorded from within our limits.
*980. Psithyrus hellavdii, Grih. Bull. Soc But. Hal. xxiii (1891), p. 108, 5 ; Dall. Ton: Cat. x, p. 566.
" $ . Of small size, nigro-fuscous ; the head, thorax, a transverse fascia between the wings, the 2nd and 3rd abdominal segments above, and the legs with black pubescence ; the extreme apex of the tarsi with reddish hairs; thorax, and the 1st, 4th, and 5th abdominal segments above with dense fulvous pubescence ; wings fulvo-hyaline, slightly effulgent with purplish tints ; labium as in most species tuberculate,the hypopygium formed as in the European P. vestalis.
" Hah. The Shan Toma, Upper Burma. $ . Length 15-19 mm."
Genus APIS. Apis, Linn. Sijst. Nat. i, p. 953 (1767). Type, A. mellifh-a, Linn.
Eange. Indigenous or introduced in all parts of the world. 5 . Head * as wide as the thorax ; eyes ovate, pubescent ; antennae in a triangle on the vertex ; clypeus elongate ; the labial palpi 4-jointed, the 2nd joint much shorter than the 1st, apical two minute ; maxillary palpi 1-jointed. Thorax globular : fore wing long, rather narrow, the radial cell long, narrow and rounded at apex ; three cubital cells, the 1st and 3rd nearly subequal on the cubital nervure, but shghtly varying in different species ; the 2nd irregularly subtriangular, and nearly Twice as long measured on the cubital nervure as either of the other two; the 1st recurrent nervure received before the middle in the 2nd cubital cell, the 2nd recurrent nervure received in the Pig 187 —Afis ^^'i cubital cell near or at the apex : legs florea, $. f. stoutish, the anterior and intermediate tibiae with a spine at their apex ; the postei-ior tibiae not spined, extremely smooth and shining, the margins fringed with long hair curving inwards and forming the sides of the cor- hicula ; the 1st joint of the tarsi slightly produced at its base above, fringed with long hair, on the inside with rows of stifE hairs. Abdomen more or less truncate at base, above convex, sub- cylindrical, the sting curved.
5 . Differs in the head being narrower than the thorax, the posterior tibiae convex externally and not fringed with hair, the basal joint of the tarsi not produced above and not furnished with the rows of stiff hairs ; abdomen proportionately much longer, the sting straight.
* An outline figure of the head of Apis showing tlie mouth-parts is given in the Introduction.
APIS.
5o7
d . More stoutly built, head and thorax more pubescent ; eyes very large, meeting on the vertex, the ocelli placed on the front above the base of the antennaj ; posterior tibiae smooth and shining externally, convex and narrowed at base ; the basal joint of the tarsi broad, in one species produced below into a remarkable lobe ; abdomen very wide, cylindrical, obtuse at apex.
The communities consist of males, a single female or queen, and the workers. Tiie economy of the honey-bee is too well known to ueed much notice here. Within our limits only three species of true Apis occur. So far as my observation goes Apis dorsata, Fabr., the largest of the three species, in its wild state builds its combs exclusively more or less in the open — that is to say, on the undersides of the branches of large trees, in caves or under over- hanging rocks, in buddings, &c. This is the large bee that when disturbed attacks men or animals. Apis indica, on the contrary, verv frequently chooses hollow trees to build in. In Bui-ma, where the' houses are buUt chiefly of wood, I have more than once seen a house rendered nearly uninhabitable by a swarm of Apis indica taking possession of the hollows under the wooden staircases, or between the outer walls when these were built double.
The smallest species of the genus in India, Apis Jlorea, is not nearly so plentiful in Burma as are the other two species. I have seen very few nests ; one was built in a cane-bush not more than a few inches from the ground ; another under the eaves of the roof of a forest bungalow.
No species of honey-bee is domesticated by the Burmans. In the Himalayas Apis indica, which is closely allied to A. melUfera, is, I believe, the bee usually kept for its honey and wax.
Home (Trans. Zool. Soc. vii, pp. 181-184) gives much interesting information in regard to the three species of bees found in India, their parasites, habits, &c.
981. Apis dorsata. (PI. IV, fig. 11.)
Fabr. Ent. Syst. ii, p. 328 ; Smith, Cat. ii, p. 415 ; Home, Trans.
Zool. Sue. vii, p. 181, pl. 22, %. 3 ; Ball. Torr. Cat. x, p. 689. Apis bicolor, Klug, Mag. n. Entd. ges. Naturk., Berlin, i (1807),
p. 264, pl. vii, fig. 3. Apis nigripennis, Lepel. Hym. \, p. 403. Apis testacea, Smith, Jour. Linn. Soc. ii (1858), p. 49. Apis zonata, Smith {nec Guer.), Jour. Linn. Soc. iii (1859) p. 8.
9 . Head, thorax, and abdomen with short pubescence, more or less sparse or dense according to locality ; the head and mesonotiim finely punctured under the pubescence; a short, medial, vertical groove below the anterior ocellus. Head, thorax, legs, and apical three segments of the abdomen black, more or less pale and fuscous on the hinder part of the thorax and on the abdomeu ;
Key to the Species.
a. Of large size. ^ length 16-18 mm,
b. Smaller. $ length 11-12 mm. . . .
c. Still smaller. ^ length 8 mm. . . .
A. dorsata, p. 5o7. A. indica, p. 558. A. Jlorea, p. 559.
558
AriDiE.
the basal three segments of Ihe abdomen honev-yellow ; pubescence fuscous on the head, thorax in front, legs above, and apical seg- ments of the abdomen, pale ocbraceous yellow on the hinder parts of the thorax and at the base of the abdomen ; legs beneath, especially the posterior tibiae and tarsi, with short ferruginous pubescence ; wings pale fuscous or fusco-hyaline.
2 similar ; larger and darker.
S similar : much darker, the eyes very large.
Var. hicolor, Klug : similar, but the basal two segments of the abdomen only honey-vellow, the apical black, in strong contrast.
Var. nir/ripennifi, Latr. : similar, much darker, with the wings verv dark fuscous having a purple effulgence.
Var. testacea, Smith : similar, the entire abdomen pale testaceous yellow ; wings snbhyaline.
Var. znnata, Smith : similar ; the head, thorax, and abdomen entirely black, with sometimes a transverse band of pale ochraceous pile at the base of abdominal segments 3-5 ; wings very dark.
llah. Throughout India, Burma, Tenasserim ; Ceylon ; extend- ing into China and the Malayan region to Java. $ . Length 18- 21 : exp. 36-37 mm. c? . Length 17; exp. 32 mm. Length 16-18 ; exp. 30-35 mm.
982. Apis indica. (PI. IV, fig. 12.)
Fnbr. Ent. Syst. Suppl. p. 274 ; Smith, Cat. ii, p. 416 ; Ball. Ton: Cat. X, p. 693.
Apis unicolor, Latr. Ann. Mm. Hist. Nat. v (1804), p. 168. Apis perrottetii, Gner. Icon. Renne Anim., Ins. p. 461. Apis nigrocincta, Smith, Jour. Linn. Soc. v (1861), p. 93.
9 . Head, thorax, and abdomen smooth and shining, sparsely pubescent, sometimes densely so. Head, thorax, and apical abdominal segment black ; the scutellum and basal five segments of the abdomen testaceous yellow ; legs rufo-fuscous, pubescence cinereous ; wings hyaline and iridescent.
2 similar ; larger and darker.
S similar, stouter built ; darker, the thorax densely pubescent.
Var. imicolor, Latr., is entirely deep shining black, with fusco- cinereous pubescence.
Var. nigrocincta, Smith, has the head and thorax black; the clypeus, labrum, and mandibles pale ferruginous ; the scutellum, legs, and abdomen testaceous ; the last with fuscous transverse bands on the apical margins of the segments.
Eah. Throughout India, Assam, Burma, Tenasserim, and Ceylon ; extending through the Malayan region on the east and to Madagascar on the west. 2 • Length 16 ; exp. 32 mm. <3 ■ Length 13 ; 27 mm. . Length 11-12; exp. 21-2'd mva.
This species merges into the common Apis mellifera, Linn., the honey-bee par excellence of Europe. The dark variety unicolor, which is the common form in Ceylon and in Madagascar, has been placed by some naturalists as a variety of Apis mellifera. In Burma, nigrocincta is the common form.
APIS. — MELIPONA.
55 9
983. Apis florea, Fabr. Mmt. Ins. i, p. 305; Ball. Ton: Caif. x, p. 691. Apis lobatn, Smith, Cat. ii, p. 41G, d ■
Apis amlreuifbrmis, Smith, Jour. Linn. Sac. ii (1858), p. 49.
Apis floralis, Home, Trails. Zool. Soc. vii, p. 181, pi. 22, figs. 2, 2a.
5 . Head, thorax, and abdomen dull and opaque, very minutely aciculate, slightly pubescent. Black ; the basal two abdominal segments more or less red ; the pubescence on the head and thorax white, on the posterior tarsi ferruginous golden ; in fine specimens there are narrow traiisvej'se bands of silky white pile at the base of the 2nd to the 5th abdominal segments ; wings hyaline and iridescent, nervures testaceous, teguloe black.
$ similar, much larger ; the anterior and intermediate tarsi, the posterior tibife and tarsi, the basal three abdominal segments, and the apical margins of the 4th and 5th segments rufo-testaceous ; the face and front with silky snow-white pile ; the legs covered with a thin, short, glittering pale pubescence.
cS larger ; black with dense long cinereous-white pubescence ; the legs rufo-testaceous, the basal joint of the posterior tarsi swoUen, with a remarkable curved lobe at base beneath. This is Apis lohata, Smith.
Var. andreniformis has only the basal margin of the 2nd abdominal segment reddish, and white pilose transverse bands at the bases of segments 3-6, the rest of the abdomen black.
Hub. Kumaun ; Sikhim ; North-West Provinces ; Bengal ; Central India ; Madras ; Bangalore ; Malabar ; Assam ; Burma ; Tenasserim ; Ceylon ; extending in the Malayan region as far as Java. 5 . Length 13 ; exp. 24 mm. d . Length 12 ; ea^^j. 24 mm. Length 8; exp. 16 mm.
Genus MELIPONA.
Melipona, 111. Mag. Ins. v, p. 167 (1806). Trigona, Jurine, Hym. p. 245 (1807).
Type, M. favosa, Pabr. Range. Both hemispheres.
Head transverse, flat in front ; eyes narrow, consequently fore- head and front broad, the orbits below reaching down to the base of the mandibles ; ocelli almost in a straight hne on the vertex ; antennae stout, geniculate, the flagellum filiform ; clypeus subtri-
angular, flat, barely convex, its anterior margin transverse or subemarginate. Thorax globose ; pronotum depressed below the level of the mesonotum ; meso- notum convex ; scutellum sub- triangular, margined and pro- jecting over the postscutellum and median segment, separated from the mesonotum by a trans- verse groove ; postscutellum and
Fig. 188. — Melipona lutea, ^ .
median segment depressed, the latter rounded posteriorly; legs
660
APID/E.
stout, long; posterior tibia flattened, very broad, oar-shaped, slightly concave in the female and worker on the outside, and fringed with stiff hairs above and below, forming a corbicula or pollen-basket ; posterior tarsi also flattened, the first joint very broad, the succeediug ones minute ; in the male the posterior tibiae and tarsi are more rounded : wings long and ample; fore wing with the usual nervures very incomplete, the stigma well marked, the radial cell elongate, reaching to the apex of the wing ; one or two cubital cells in the Indian species, more or less obsolete and by the loss of the separating nervures merged into the 2nd and 3rd discoidal cells. Abdomen of variable shape, generally short, broad, somewhat flat, sometimes elongate, with the sides nearly parallel, occasionally narrowed at base, subelavate.
The dammar-bees, as the species of this genus are sometimes called, are widely spread, being plentiful in South America and in. the Oriental region. All the species known to me build their nests in hollows of trees, crevices among rocks, sometimes in holes in stone walls. Horne (Trans. Zool. Soc. vii, p. 185) gives an interesting account of the finding of the nest of Melipona (Tric/ona) rvficomis, Smith, and states that the hollow in which it was built was coated all over with a layer of black wax, and that the cells, containing a dark honey of excellent flavour, were globular in shape, pendent side by side from the roof. In ' Science Gossip ' for 1866, p. 198, the Eev. C. S. P. Parish, then chaplain of Maulmain, gives an excellent description of the nest of Melipona {Trigona) Iceviceps, Smith, a fairly common species in Burma. He mentions the extraordinary trumpet-shaped structure of resinous wax, which very often forms the entrance to the nests of the dammar-bees, projecting from the hole in the tree for a foot or more. The resinous product collected and used by the bees in making their nests is called " Pwe-nyet " by the Burmese, and after boiling in water and mixing with earth-oil or petroleum is largely used for the caulking of boats. The right of collecting "pwe-nyet" is sold by the Local Grovernmen'jt in Burma and Tenasserim yearly, and forms one of the sources of revenue under Minor Forest Products.
Key to the Species.
A. "Wings dark brown at base, milk-white or
hyaline beyond stigma of fore wing.
a. Legs entirely black •
I. Leo-s more or less testaceous or piceous. a'. Face in front and clypeus black, latter
with a testaceous spot
h'. Face in front and clypeus entirely pale
testaceous • •
c. Anterior legs pale reddish yellow, posterior four except apical joint of tarsi jet-black .
B. Wings hyaline and iridescent.
a. Abdomen entirely black
h. Abdomen more or less testaceous.
M. vidua, p. 561.
M. collina, p. 562. M. apicalis, p. 662. M. atripes, p. 561. M. canifrom, p. 562.
MBLIPONA.
561
a' . Basal aljdominal segment and abdomen
beneath markedly wliito or testaceous
white M. ventralis, p. 562.
b'. Basal abdominal segment not diiiering markedly in colour from remaining segments.
a-. Vertex of headandfronthighlypolished,
shining M. Icemce^js, p. 563.
b-. Vertex of head and front not polished,
opaque.
«■'. Legs entirely rufo-testaceous .... M. smithii, p. 663. 6'. Legs black, apical 3 or 4 joints of
tarsi only testaceous M. iridipmnis, p. 663.
c'. Legs black, anterior and intermediate
tarsi and posterior tibias and tarsi
only testaceous M. prcsterita, p.
C. Wings flavo- or pale fusco-hyaline.
a. Head, thorax, and abdomen entirely of a pale
honey-yellow M. lutea, p. 664.
b. Head, thorax, and abdomen black, a square
mark on mesonotum rufo-testaceous .... M. thoradca, p. 664.
984. llelipona vidua, Lepel. Hym. i, p. 429, ^ ; Ball. Ton: Cat. x,
p. 585.
^ . Head and thorax dull and opaque, a deep abbreviated furrow in front of the anterior ocelhis ; abdomen smooth, shining. Black ; the face in front with a thin cinereous pile ; antennae and the anterior tarsi brownish ; wings deep brown for more than half their length from base, milky white beyond.
Sab. India (Smith) ; Burma ; Tenasserim, and the Malayan region to Timor. ^ . Length 6-7 ; Fig. 189.— il/e^i- eap. 14-15 mm. _ pona vidua, ^ . This species is fairly common in the plains
and valleys in Burma and Tenasserim, bat does not extend up to the higher hills.
985. llelipona atripes.
Trigona atripes. Smith, Jour. Linn. Soc. ii (1858), p. 60, ^ . Melipona atripes, Dall. Torr. Cat x, p. 576.
$ . Head smooth, irapunctate ; mesonotum and scutellimi with a few large coarse punctures ; median segment and abdomen smooth and shiniag, the latter broad at base and somewhat short. Pale reddish yellow ; the face in front and the sides of the thorax with short pale thin pubescence, the scutellum fringed with fuscous hairs ; the basal segments of the abdomen darkening to brown ; the anterior legs pale reddish yellow, the posterior four jet-black, the apical joints of their tarsi ferruginous; wings reddish brown, milky-white beyond the stigma.
Hah. Malacca ; Mergui, South Tenasserim. ^ . Length 5 ; earp. 11 mm. '
VOL. I. 2 o
562
AVIDM.
986. Melipona collina.
Trigoua collina, Smith, Jour. Linn. Soc. ii (1858), p. 51, ^ . Melipoua coUiua, Dull. Ton: Cat. x, p. 577.
^. Head and thorax opaque, sparsely pubescent; abdomen smooth and shining, broad, short, somewhat flat. Head, thorax, and abdomen black ; the head in front and clypeus with cinerous pile ; a spot ou the latter, the scape and flagellum of the antennte beneath, and the legs rul'o-testaceoas ; the basal segment of the abdomen obscurely testaceous, dark brown in some specimens, with a subapical transverse testaceous fascia above ; wings dark brown at base, the apex beyond the stigma in the fore wing milk-white.
Hub. Southern Teuasserim ; Malacca. ^ . Length 6-7 ; exp.
15-16 mm.
987. Melipona apicalis. •■ o q-
Trifiona apicalis, Smith, Jour. Linn. Soc. u (1858;, p. 51, 9 . Melipona apicalis, Ball. Torr. Cat. x, p. 575.
^. Head and thorax opaque, sparsely covered with erect pubescence ; abdomen smooth, shining, very finely aciculate, a very short deep impression below the anterior ocellus ; abdomen short, broad flatfish. Head and face in front and clypeus testaceous yellow, covered with a thin cinereous pile ; thorax dark brown, the sparse erect pubescence black ; legs rufo-piceous ; abdomen nigro- piceous, in some specimens black; wings dark brown at base, hyaline beyond the stigma. , , , c
Var. Head and thorax black ; antennae dark brown ; apex of the abdomen testaceous. 7 ^ »
Bab. Burma; Tenasserim ; Borneo. ?• Lencjth 6-7; exj).
15-17 mm. , „ „ , „
This species is the common dammar-bee of Burma and Tenas- serim, and varies considerably in different localities. Specimens from South Tenasserim very closely approach the typical form from Borneo, but are not quite so dark.
988. Melipona canifrons. •w^Q^;Q^ „ m « Tri°ona cauifrons, Smith, Jour. Lmn. Sac. 11 (18&B;, p. Oi, 9 • Melipona canifrons, Ball. Torr. Cat. x, p. 576.
« Head above and thorax somewhat thickly pubescent (often bare'from abrasion), the front on each side of the ocelh with a few minute scattered punctures ; abdomen highly pohshed and shining. Head, thorax, and abdomen jet-black, the pubescence sooty black ; in certain lights the face shows a tlnn covering of cinereous pile; the antenuDe piceous beneath; wings hyahne, sometimes slightly shaded with fuscous, the nervures testaceous^
Bab. Tenasserim; Sumatra (Martm) ; Borneo {Smith). ?. Length 6-8 ; exp. 15-17 mm.
989. Melipona ventralis. •• ns'^s^ „ r^o » Trigona ventralis. Smith, Jour. Linn. Soc. " 0858 - ? oO, 9 . f Tripona terminata. Smith, Jour. As. Soo. Beng. xlvu, p. 169. MeUpona ventralis, Ball. Torr. Cat. x, p. 580.
MELIPONA.
663
9. Head and thorax extremely minutely and closely punctured, opaque ; abdomen smooth, slightly shining ; head broader than the thoi'ax, transverse ; abdomen narrowed at base, somewhat clavate. Head in front, the margins of the mesonotura and scutellum, the sides of the thorax and of the median segment with short cinereous pubescence ; the head and thorax black ; the legs, the 2nd and following segments of the abdomen above dark chestnut-brown, basal segment above and the abdomen beneath pale testaceous white, the former sometimes with a brown spot on either side ; wings hyaline and iridescent.
Hah. Tenasserim : Borneo ; Malacca. ^ . Lencjth 4-5 ; exp. 10 ram.
Trigona terminata, Smith, from Tenasserim seems to me only a larger form of this species.
990. Melipona laeviceps.
Trigona leeviceps, Smith, Jour. Linn. Soc. ii (1858), p. 51, ^ . Melipona laeviceps, Dall. Ton: Cat. x, p. 580.
5. Head, thorax, and abdomen smooth and shining, the front and vertex and the median segment very highly polished. Head and thorax black; the face and clypeus covered with a thin cinereous pile ; the antennae, the clypeus anteriorly, and the legs rufo-testaceous ; the abdomen testaceous, darkening to castaneous brown on the apical three segments above ; wings subhyaline, brilliantly iridescent.
JIab. Tenasserim; Singapore. ^. Length 4-5; exp. 11 mm.
A common species : builds its nest often in crevices in the brickwork of the walls of houses.
991. Melipona smitMi.
Trigona ruficornis. Smith (nec Lamarck), Trans. Zool. Soc. vii, p. 194,
Melipona ruficornis, Dall. Jorr. Cat. x, p. 683.
g . Head, thorax, and abdomen smooth and shining, the head and face in front slightly pubescent. Black ; the lower margin of the clypeus, the antennae, legs, and abdomen rufo-testaceous, the antennae specially bright-coloured ; pubescence cinereous ; the coxae and femora of the legs and the abdomen towards the apex shaded with fuscous ; wings hyalme and splendidly iridescent.
Hah. Mainpuri, North-West Provinces ; Burma ; Tenasserim. ^ . Length 3-4 ; exp. 9-10 mm.
992. Melipona iridipennis.
Trigona iridipennis, Smith, Cat. ii, p. 41-3, ^ .
Melipona iridipennis. Ball. Torr. Cat. x, p. 579.
Trigona bengalensis, Cam. Mem. Manch. L. Ph. Soc. xli, 1897.
5 . Head, thorax, and abdomen smooth and shining ; the face in front, the sides of the thorax and of the median segment with a thick silky pile. Head and thorax black, the pile silvery; the labrum, mandibles, palpi, antennae, and apical joints of the tarsi testaceous, the sides of the mesonotum and the scutellum fringed
2o 2
564 APiD*.
with fuscous pubescence; the abdomen testaceous, darkening towards the apex ; wings hyaline and brilliantly iridescent.
Hah. Barrackpore ; Burma ; Tenasserim ; Ceylon. ^ . Length 3-4; exp. 7-9 mm.
993. Melipona prsterita.
Trigona projterita, Walk. A. M. N. H. (3) v, p. 305. Melipona prseterita, Ball. Turr. Cat. x, p. 682.
9 . Head in front slightly scabrous, with an indistinct abbre- viated furrow below the anterior ocellus; thorax and abdomen smooth and shining, the lateral margins of the mesonotum and scutellum raised, a deep transverse groove between the two latter. Black ; the antennas, the anterior and intermediate tarsi, posterior tibife and tarsi, aud abdomen testaceous, the base gradually dark- ening on the apical segments ; the antennaa above fuscous ; the clypeus and front with a thin cinereous pile ; wings hyaline and hidescent.
Hah. Burma; Ceylon. ^. Length 5-6 ; e.r^s. 12-13 mm.
I am not quite certain whether 1 have rightly identified this species, but specimens from Eangoon and others collected at Trincomali agree fairly well with Walker's description.
994. Melipona lutea, u. sp.
5 . Head, thorax, and abdomen smooth ; the head and thorax covered with sparse pubescence ; the abdomen shming. Pale honey-yellow, somewhat darker and browner on the mesonotum and on the tarsi of the legs ; the clypeus and face in front, the cheeks, sides of the thorax and of the median segment, and the coxae and femora of the legs with a thin soft cinereous- white pubescence only visible in certain lights; the head above and behind, the thorax, legs, and apical 2 or 3 segments of the abdomen studded with erect blaclf hairs ; wings light flavo-hyahne at base, paler towards their apical margins. , n i a
Hah. Northern Tenasserim ; Karennee. ?. Length ; exp.
21-23 mm.
995. Melipona thoracica. (PI- ^X'.^^" J^■^w->oco^ h Trigona thoracica, Smithy Jour. Linn. <5)oc. u (IH5»;, p. ou, 9 . Melipona thoracica, Ball. Torr. Cat. x, p. 584.
« Head and mesonotum very minutely and closely punctm-ed ; median segment and abdomen smooth, poUshed, the latter narrow, oblong, the sides parallel. Black ; the scape of the antennae at base, the clypeus, aud base of the mandibles more or less ferruginous, the latter two sometimes entirely black ; a square mark on the meso- notum obscurely rufo-ferruginous ; the legs_ m the type specunen sliehtlv ferruginous at base, but in the majority black ; abdomen black, 'rufo-testaceous at base; wings fiavo-, in some specimens
at base f usco-hyaline. , ^ o 1 n on w,™
Hah. Tenasserim ; Singapore. ? . Length 7-8 ; exp. 19-20 mm.
ALPHABETICAL INDEX.
abdominale(Rhynchiuin), 357.
abdominalis (Parevaspis),
498, 499. abdominalis (Stelis), 499. abdominalis (Vespa), 357. abeiTiius (Icaria), 391. absoluta (Prosopis), 412. acoeptuB (Pompilus), 151. accumulator (Trypoxy-
lon), 227. aeer (Saliiis). 137. acricula (Pseudagenia),
119.
aoutipennis (Xylooopa), 537.
adte (Osmia), 468. adusta (Nomada), 465. adustus (Polistes), 397. aegina (Agenia), 120. SBgina(Pseudiigenia), 120. cegyptiaca (Vespa), 403. segyptius (Spliex), 245. testuans (Apis), 540. fEstuans (Mutilla), 34. aistuaaa (Xylocopa), 540. a33tuosu3 (Oxybeliis), 318. afRnis (Vespa), 402. affiuissima (Eamenes),
340. Ageuia, 106. agile (Pison), 222. agilis (Astata), 184. agilis (Oxybelus), 316. agilis (Parapison), 222. agnata (Mutilla), 25. agrestis (Halictus), 429. alaris (Agenia), 117. alaris (Pseudagenia), 117. Alastor, 374. albescens (Halictus), 423. albicollis (Spbex), 99. albifrous (Megacbile),
487.
albifrons (Sphecodes), 417.
albil'rons (Sphex), 250. albilabris (Oeratina), 499.
albilabris (Pseudagenia), 115.
albiventi-is (Apis), 477. albofasciata (Nouiia), 452. albofasciata (Xylocopa), 542.
albolineata CMegachile), 488.
albopicta (Cerceris), 301 . albovariegata (Oeropales), 176.
albozonatus (Halictus), 423.
alexis (Halictus), 430. alieite (Pompilus), 168. alipes (Gorytes), 273. Allodape, 505. alphenus (Halictus), 426. altaicus (Bombus), 550. amadanensis (Odynerus), 364.
amatorius (Gorytes), 273. Amblys, 468. ametbystina (Xylocopa), 540.
amitinus (Halictus), 439. Ammopbila, 228. araoenus (Halictus), 435. Ampulex, 253. amputata (Megacbile), 484.
analis (Liacos), 101. analis (Mutilla), 44. analis (Porapilus), 150. analis (Scolia), 101. analis (Spbe.x), 150. analis (Vespa), 405. anathema (Larra), 195. Ancistrooerus, 360. andamanus (Bombus), 551.
an Jreniformis (Apis),559. angulatus(Ocelioxys),511. annulata (Elis), 96. aunulata (Scolia), 96. annulata (Tipbia), 96. annulitarsis (Oeropales), 175.
anomala (Vespa), 400. anouyma (Andrena), 444. Anoplius, 106, 147. antennata (Mutilla), 49. autennata (Nomia), 454. Anthidiura, 490. Authopbila, 408. Anthopbora, 523. anthracina (Megacbile), 473.
anthracina (Mygnimia), 126.
anthracina (Myzine), 67. antbracinus (Salius), 126. Anthreneida, 385. Apathus, 555. apicalis (Otenopleotra), 462.
apicalis (Melipona), 562. apicalis (Trigona), 562. apioata (Am mophila),234. apicata (Ccelioxys), 510. apieatus (Sphecodes), 416. Apida3, 414. Apis, 556. Apius, 222. Aporus, 177. Apterogyna, 1. arohitectua (Bumenes), 339.
arcuata (Eumenes), 346. arcuata (Veapa), 346. ardens (Anthidium), 494. ardena (Crabro), 325. ardens (Megacbile), 475. arenaria (Oerceria), 299. arenaria (Mutilla), 30. argentata (Spliex), 250. argentata (Vespa), 358. tvrgent-atum (Pison ), 220. argentatum(Rhynohium), 358.
argentatutn (Rygchium), 358.
argentatus (Orabro), 328. argentatus (Lindeuius), 328.
argentatus (Piaon), 220.
566
ALPnABETICAL INDEX.
argentatus (Pisonitus), 320.
argoiiteofacinlis (Aetata), 209.
argenteolineatus (Oxybe-
lua), 328. argenteoinaculata (Mu-
tiUa), 22. argentilVons (Coclioxys),
515.
argon ti Irons (Macrome-
ris), 106. argentifions (Paragenia),
105, 100. ai-geutifrons (Sphex), 250. argentipcs (Mutilla), 42. argyrea (Larrada), 19-1. argyreus (Tachyspliex),
194.
ariadne (Pompilus), 159. ariel (Pseiidagenia), 1 12. aristocratica (Icaria), 391. Arpactus, 271. arrogans (Pompilus),
152,163. avterais (Pseiidagenia),
111.
artifex (Toaria), 389. asiatica (Elis), 100. assamensis (Bombus), 550.
assamensis (Polistes), 397. assimilis (Helioryctes),
271. Astata, 182. Astatus, 182. atalanta (Agenia), 109. atalanta (Pseudagenia),
109.
ater (Pison), 217. ater (Psen), 262. aterrima (Steli.s), 496 atomus (Mutilla), 37. atrata (Rlegachile), 475. atratus (Lithurgus), 4li9. atripes (Aramopliila),229. atripes (Melipona), 561. atripes (Pompilus), 163. atripes (Trigona), 56] . atrocinctus (Borabus), 551.
atropos (Pompilus), 165. atrum (Rhynchium), 355. atrum (Rygchium), 355. audax (Mygnimia), 132. audax (Salius), 132. aulica (Mutilla), 15. auraria (Vespa), 407. aurata (Liris), 205, 206. aurata (Nomia), 458. aurata (Sphex), 206.
auratu.s (Pompilus) 206. aurcicoUis (Campsome-
ris), 99. aureicoUis (? Soolia), 99. aureipennis (Scolia), 79. aureiventris (Lyrops),
207.
aureocincta (Heriades), 508.
aureorubra (Mutilla), 35. aureosericea (Mygnimia), 127.
aureosericea (Salius), 127. aureosericeuB (Pompilus), 127.
aureosericeua (Salius), 127.
auriceps (Tachysphex), 194.
aui-icomus (Orabro), 327. aurifex (Mutilla), 34. aurifex (Spliex), 251. aurifrons (Mutilla), 32. aurifrons (Nomia), 455. aurifrons (Sphex), 247. auripennis (Tiphia), 64. auripennis (Xylocopa), 538.
auropalliata (Mutilla),39. aiirulenta (Larrada), 206. aurulentus (Sphes), 250. avidus (Philanthus), 297. azurea (? Elis), 99. azureum (Ohlorion), 242.
badia (Megachile), 481. basalis (Ammophila), 231.
basalis (Cojlioxys), 513. basalis (Nomia), 453. basalis (Nysson), 269. basalis (Philanthus), 296.
basalis (Tachytes), 188. basalis (Vespa), 403. basalis (Xylocopa), 542. basimacula(Ebynchium), 359.
basizona (Tetralonia), 520.
beata (Oeratina), 504. beatus (Pompilus), 164. belicosus (Salius), 127. beUa (Elis), 93. bellardii (Psitbyrus), 656.
hellicosa (Mygnimia), 127.
bellioosa (Prosopis), 413. beUicosus (Salius), 127.
bellula (Megachile), 476. belluB (Crabro), 328. bellus (Oxybelus), 328. Belonogaster, 381. Bembyx, 284. bengalense (Rhynchium), 359.
bengalensis (Aporus), 178.
bengalensis (Ohalybion), 240.
bengalensis (Mutilla), 15. bengalensis (Pelopoeua), 240.
bengalensis (Scolia), 79. bengalensis (Tachysphex), 193.
bengalensis (Trigona),
563. Bethylus, 56. bhamoensis (Scolia), 80. bhavanaj (Megachile),
481.
bicincta (Anthophora), 525.
bicincta (Apis), 625. bicincta (MutiUa). 36. bicinctus (Podalirius), 525.
biclipeata (Vespa), 279. biclipeatus (Stizus), 279. bioolor (Apis), 477, 5.o7. bicolor (Megachile), 477. bicolor (Methoca), 63. bicolor (Miscophus), 215. bicolor (Paraicaria), 392. bicolor (Salius), 122. bicolor (Trypoxylon), 227.
bicolor (Vespa), 404. bifasciata (Cereeris), 312. bilineatum (Sceliphron), 238.
bilineatus (Pelopoeus), 238.
bilunata (Scolia), 79. binotata (Scolia), 84. bioculatus (Pompilus), 167.
bipartitus (Calicurgus), 137.
bipartitus (Salius), 137. bipennis (Agenia), 116. bipennis (Pseudagenia), 116.
bipunctata (? Scolia), 81. bipuuctata (Scolia), 84. bipunclatus(Dolichuru8), 260.
bipustulatus (Odynerus), 369.
ALPHABETICAL INDEX.
567
blanohardi (Eumenes), 347.
blanda (Agenia), 114. blanda (Mutilia), 17. blandfi, (Pseudagenia), 114.
blandina (Larra), 279. blandimis (Stizus), 279. blandus (Pompilus), 114. Blepliaripiis, 321. Bombus, .o44. boops (Astata), 182. borrei (Bembex), 289. bracatiis (Pompilus), 164. Brachj'tnerus, 321. brevipennis (Ammo-
phila), 2.32. brevirostrata (Eumenes),
337.
brookicB (Anthophora), 532.
brookii (Crabro), 323. brunnea (Vespa), 355. brunneum (Bhynohium), 355.
brunneum (Rygchium), 355.
bryorum (Apis), 541. bryorura (Xj'locopa), 541. buccinatoris (Bombus), 555.
buccinus (Halictus), 431. buddha (Ammophila),
229, 230. buddha (Bembex), 287. buddha (Orabro), 323. buddha (Halictus), 437. buddha (Mutilia), 21. buddha (Nomia), 459. buddha (Pompilus), 155. buddha (Rhopalum), 323. buddha (Trypoxylon),
225.
buddhaj (Megachile), 484. burmanica (Montezumia), 350.
burmanica (Myzine), 70. burmanioum (Thauma-
tosoma), 467. burraanicus (Odvnerus),
371. ^
casrulea (Agenia), 121. cocrulea (Pseudagenia), 121.
C£Brulea (Trirhogma),
260, 261. cserulea (Xyloeopa), 544. caa-ulans (Scolia), 83. coeruleopennis (Mygni-
mia), 132.
creruleopennis (Salius), 132.
creruleopennis (Zethus), 332.
creruleus (Pompilus), 121.
Calicurgus, 147. Calligaster, 332. callisto (Agenia), 119. callisto (Pseudagenia), 119.
calopteryx (Stizus), 278. cameronii (Halictus), 432.
cameronii (Pompilus), 170.
campbelli (Pronoeus), 243.
Campsomeris, 89. canaliculatum (Trypoxj--
lon), 225. Candida (Anthophora),
.531.
candidus (Podalirius), 631.
canescens (Enodia). 252. caneseeus (Oxybelus), 320.
canifrons (Melipona), 562.
canifrons (Pompilus), 165.
canifrons (Priocnemis), 165.
canifrons (Salius), 165. canifrons (Trigona), 562. capitata (Nomia), 455. capitata (Soolia), 76. capitatus (Coelioxys), 512.
capitosus (Pompilus), 153.
carbonaria (Larra), 198. carbonaria (Larrada), 198.
carbonaria (Megachile), 474.
carbonaria (Parevaspis), 499.
carbonaria (Pseudagenia), 106.
carbonaria (Soolia), 83. carbonaria (Sphes), 250. carbonaria (Stelis), 499. carbonarium (Rhynchi-
um), 358. cariana (Mutilia), 49. earinata (Nomia), 4.53. earnatica (Vespa), 355. carnaticum (Rliynchium),
355.
carnaticum (Rygchium), 355.
cassiopo (Mutilia), 24.
cassiope (Tiphia), 59.
catullus (Halictus), 424.
Cemonus, 265.
centuncularis (Mega- chile), 470.
cephalotes (Megachile), 485.
Ceratina, 499.
Ceratocolus, 321.
Ceratophorus, 265.
Cereeris, 299.
Ceropales, 173.
ceylanensis (Mutilia). 15.
ceyloniea (Campsomeris), 94.
ceyloniea (El is), 94. ceyloniea (Megachile), 482.
ceyloniea (Mygnimia), "128.
oeylonicus (Odynerus), '368.
oeylonicus (Salius), 128. ceylonicus (Zethus), 333. Ckalicodoma, 470. chalybea (Ctenoplectra),
461, 462. chalybeata (Nomia),
450. Chalybion, 235. channicus (Bombus),
648.
Chelostoma, 507. Chevrieria, 265. chlorigaster (Megachile), 489.
Chlorion, 241, 253. chloroptera (Xyloeopa), 540.
chrysis (Sphex), 242.
chrysophthalma (Mutil- ia), 33.
cicatrificera (Mutilia), 31.
cincta (Vespa), 402. cineraria (Andrena), 440. oingulata (Andrena j, 526. eingulata (Anthophora), 526.
eingulata (Larra), 279. cingulatus (Podalirius), 526.
circe (Pompilus), 170. circinalis (Eumenes), 340.
circumseribenda (Mutil- ia), 48. ciris (Halictus), 436.
568
clariponniB (Ceropales), 170.
clariiionnis (Myzino), 68. olaviitus (Pson), 2()4. cl.vi)oata (Nomia), 456. clypeata (Pseutlagonia), 114.
ooarctata (Eumenes),
333. Ocelioiys, 508. cccnilea (Spho.x), 242. cooriileus (Bouibus), 544. oogiiata (Ampulex), 2.57. colabensis (Mutilla), 15. collaris (Campsomeris),
99.
coUuriB (Xylocopa), 543. Colletes, 408. OoUetida;, 408. coUiua (Melipuna), 562. collina (Trigona), 562. coloratum (Trypoxylon),
226. Colpa, 89.
conibusla (Myzine), 67. combusta (Nomia), 456. communiB (Andrena), 443.
communis (Prosopis), 409.
comotfcii (Mutilla), 34. corapressa (Ampulex),
253, 254. compressa (Spbex), 254. corapi-essa (Tiphia), 59. compreasum (Oblorion),
254.
comptus (Pompilus), 162.
concinnus (Philanthus), 298.
concolor (Agenia), 112. concolor (Pseudageiiia), 112.
confluentus (Odyuerus), 367. ■
confusa (Anthophora), 528.
confusus (Coelioxys), 514. confusus (Podalirius), 528.
confusus (Polistes), 394. coiigruus (Stigmus;, 266. conioa (Eumenes), 343. conica (Vespa), 343. conicus (Ooelioxya), 508. conjuncta (Megachile), 479.
conjungenda(Mutilla),19. consanguineus (Priooue- mis), 138.
AlPHABETICAt INDEX.
consanguine UB (Salius), 138.
cons])icua (Lavra), 187. conspicua (Lai-rada), 187.
conspicua (Tachytes), 187.
constanceu! (Ampulex), 255.
constanceoe (Mutilla), 17. constanceaa (Rbiuopsis), 255.
constrictus (Halictus), 434.
consueta (Tiphia), 61. convexuB (Prioonemis), 128.
convoxuB (Salius), 128. corniculus (Dolicburus), 259.
cornuta (Ctenoplectra), 462.
cornuta (Larra), 278. cornuta (Salis), 497. cornutus (Litburgus), 469.
cornutuB (Stizus), 278. coromandelica (Mutilla), 37.
coromandelicum (Soeli-
pbron), 238. coromandelicus (Pelo-
pceus), 238. coroiiala (Anthreneida),
389.
coronata (Mutilla), 21. coronatus (PbilantbusJ,
293. Cory nopus, 321. cotesi (Aporus), 178. cotesi (Mutilla), 23. cotesi (Salias), 146. Crabro, 321.
crassioornis (Sphecodes), 418.
cribrarius (Orabro), 321. crinitua (Priocnemis), 140.
crinitus (Salius), 140. crocea (Anthophora),
526. Crocisa, 516. Crossocerus, 321. crudelis (Ampulex), 258. crudelis (Harpactopus),
245.
Ctenoplectra, 461. cuouUata (ScoUa), 82. cuneatuB (Ccelioxys), 514. cuniculus (Halictus), 436.
cupreipenno (Rbyncbi-
um), 354. cupulifera (Allodapo),
506.
curvata (Eumenes), 347. curvutuB (Pelopojus), 239.
curvicornis (Systropha), 4C6.
curvipes (Nomia), 447, 450.
cyanea (Blis), 100. cyaneus (Auopliua), 114. cyanipeunis (8coliu), 82. cyauopterus (Zethus),
332, 333. Cyatliocera, 460. Cyclostou\a, 393. Cypbononyx, 122.
dsedalus (Pompilus), 165.
danae (Pseudagenia), 111.
dasygaster (Halictus), 425.
Dasyproctus, 321. deceptor (Pompilus), 110.
deceptrix (Pseudagenia), 110.
decipiens (Ctelioxys), 610.
decora (Orocisa), 517. decora (Mutilla), 21. decorata (Nomada), 464.
decorata (Polybia), 384. decoratus (Pompilus), 152.
decorus (Halictus), 432. deformis (PelopcEus), 239.
dehlieusis (Pompilus), 156.
dejeanii (Xylocopa), 643.
delessertii (? Stizus), 280.
dentata (Cerceris), 303. denticoUis (Mutilla), 37. dentipes (Litburgus), 47U.
deplanata (Notogonin), 203.
depredator (Philanthus), 295.
depressa (Eumenes), 337.
desertorum (Mutilla), 30.
ilesicliosa (Seolia), 86. cletectii3 (Pompilu3), 159.
diabolica (Sphox), 250. diehotoimim (Ryg-
ohium), 357. dichotoum (Rhynchium),
367. Dielis, 91.
dilGnis (Odynerus), 366. diflormis (Systropba), 466.
dileota (Mutilla), 49. dimidiaca (Ammophila), 230.
diiuidiata [(Megachile), 482.
dimidiata (MutiUa), 13. dimidiata (Myzine), 68. dimidiata (Scolia), 101. dimidiaticornis (Myzine), 68.
dimidiatipennis (Eu-
menes), 342. dimidiatipennis (Fer-
reola), 171. dimidiatipennis (Pom-
pilus), 171. dimidiatus (Odynerus),
354. Dimorpba, 182. Diodonotus, 267. DiphlebuB, 265. Diploptera, 331. Discoiia, 71. discreta (Mutilla), 48. discursus (Halictus),
427.
disjuncta (Apis), 480. disjuncta (Megacbile), 480.
dissectus (? Pbilanthus), 308.
dissimilis (Xylooopa), 538.
dissimulanda (Mutilla), 26.
dissimulandus (Halictus), 440.
diversa (MutiUa), 32. dives (Mutilla), 18, 32. divisus (Pompilus), 163. Dolicburus, 259. dolosus (Zethus), 333. dorsata (Apis), 557. dorylloides (Vespa),
400. Dryinus, 241. Dryudella, 182. duboulaii (Thaumato-
soma), 467.
ALPHABETICAL INDEX.
ducali.3 (Coelioxys), 512. ducalis (llaliolus), 435. ducalis (Lari-a), 207. ducalis (Lan-ada), 207. ducalis (Liris), 207. ducalis (Mygnimia), 131.
ducalis (Salius), 131. ducalis (Vespa), 401. dudgeonii (Oolletes), 409.
durga (Mutilla), 18. duvaucelii (Tetralonia), 520.
Ectemnius, 321. edax (Sphex), 251. edwardsii (Eumenes), 344.
egregia (MutiUa), 35.j eleotus (Salius), 146. elegans (Ammopliila), 232.
elegans (Orocisa), 517. elegans (Eumenes), 344.
elegans (Larra), 197. elegans (Pbilanthus), 297.
elegans (Pompilus), 151.
elegans (Tetralonia), 520.
eliformis (SeoUa), 89. Elis, 89.
elizabetba3 (Cerceris), 312.
elizabethse (Megacbile), 474.
elizabethfe (Salius), 128. elizabetbaj (Scolia), 78. elliotii (Nomia), 449. emarginata (Orocisa), 617.
emergenda (Mutilla), 47.
emeryi (Mutilla), 47. emortuaHs (Cerceris),
303. Enodia, 241 Eutomognatbus, 321. Entypus, 122. ephippiatus (Pompilus),
160.
epbippium (Spbex), 250.
Epipona, 332, 360, 385. Briades, 507. erigone (Elis), 92. erigone (Pseudagenia), 119.
569
erratica (Larra), 199. erratica (Scolia), 77, 79.
erythrocopbala (Ammo-
pbila), 235. erythrocepbala (Scolia),
77.
erythrocepbala (Sphex), 235.
erythi'ocepbalus (Pelo-
poeus), 236. erytbrocera (Mutilla),
33.
erytbrocera (Tiphia), 63.
erytbrogaster (Tachy-
spbex), 195. erycbropoda (Nysson),
269.
erytbropoda (Spbex), 248.
erytbropoda (Tacbytea), 187.
erythropus (Pison), 221.
erythropus (Rhyn- chium), 353.
erytbrosoma (Liaoos), 101.
erytbrosoma (Scolia), 101.
esuriens (Eumenes),
342, 343. esuriens (Vespa), 342. Eumenes, 333. EumenidEe, 331. europtea (Mutilla), 2. Euspongus, 271. Evodia, 408. exigua (Eumenes), 348. exilipes (Larrada), 202. exilipes (Salius), 141. exiloides (Mutilla), 48. eximia (Elis), 94. eximia (Isohnogaster),
380.
eximia (Scolia), 94. eximius (Bombus), 549. exortivus (Pompilus), 168.
fabrioiana (Nomada), 463.
fabricii (Sphex), 250. . faceta (Megacbile), 48G. faceta (Paraliris), 208. faddei (Anthophora), 533.
fallax (Anthophora), 528.
fallax (Podalirius), 528.
570
ALPHABETICAL INDEX.
familiaris (Pompilus), 159.
fasciata (Andrena), 527. fasciata (Ferreola), 171.
fasciata (Larra), 278. faseiatipennis (Piagetia), 211.
fasciato-punctata
(Scolia), 84. faaciatiis (Iswara), 55. fasciatus (PompiluB),
171.
fasciatus (Stiziis), 278. fascipulata (Megachile), 473.
favosa (Melipona), 559. fere (Mutilla), 11. feai (Halictus), 433. feai (Nomioides). 426. feai (Prosopis), 411. I'elderi (? Megachile), 480.
femorata (Megachile), 488.
femorata (Tiphia), 57. fenestrata (Apis), 539. fenestrata (Ferreola'), 170.
fenestrata (Mygnimia), 132.
fenestrata (Xylocopa), 539.
fenestratus (Pompilus), 151.
fenestratus (Salius), 132.
ferox (Cerceris), 309. ferox (Sphex), 251. Ferreola, 147, 169. ferruginea (loaria), 387. ferruginea (Polistes), 387.
ferruginea (Sphex), 250. ferruginea (Vespa), 387.
ferruginea (Xylocopa), 543.
fervens (Cerceris), 305. ferrens (Sphex), 252. fervida (Mygnimia), 134.
fervida (Nomia), 456. fervida (Prosopis), 412. fervida (Scolia), 84. fervida (Tachytes), 186. fervida (Priocnemis), 134.
festivus (Bombus), 553. figulus (Trypoxylon), 222.
filicornis (Toobysphex), 192.
fimbriata (Anthophora), 530.
fimbriata (Elis), 99. fimbriata (Scolia), 99. flnibriatellus (Halictus), 433.
fiinbriatus (Haliotus), 433.
fimbriatus (Podalirius), 530.
fistulosuB (Odynerus), 370.
flava (? Hemipepsis), 128.
flava (Mygnimia), 142. flava (Sphex), 142. flavescens (Bombus), 550. flaviceps (Vespa), 406. flavifrons (Scolia), 71. flavifrons (Sphex), 99. flavipennis (bphex), 241. flavipennis (Tiphia), 59. flavipes (Oxybelus), 319.
flavipes (Palarus), 213. flavolineatum (Rhyn-
chium), 360. flavolineatiis (Odynerus),
360.
flavomaculatum (Anthid- ium), 492.
flavomarginatum (Ehyn- chium), 359.
flavonigrescens (Xylo- copa), 544.
flavopiota (Ceratina), 503.
flavopicta (Oerceris), 306. flavopicta (Ceropales), 175.
flavopicta (Eumenes), 345.
flavopictus (Orabro), 824.
flavothoracicus (Bom- bus), 552.
flavus (Pompilus), 142.
flavus (Priocnemis), 142.
flavus (Salius), 142. flebelis (Pelopoeus), 240. floralis (Apis), 559. floralis (Nomia), 453. florea (Apis), 659. floridula (Andrena), 444.
floridula (Scolia), 88. forniosa (Icaria), 392. formosa (Lyroda). 209. formosa (Morphota), 209.
formosa (Nomiii), 451. fdrmoBum (Sceliphron), 230.
formosuB (Pelopoeus),
239. Fossores, 1.
fossoria (Bembex), 290. fragilis (Odynerus), 3I>7. fraterna (Anthophora), 529.
fraterna (Ischnognster), 378.
fraterna (Megachile), 478.
fraternum (Anthidium), 495.
fraternuB (Odynerus), 366.
frauenfeldiana (Agenia), 110.
frauenfeldiana (Pseuda- genia), 110.
fulgidipennis (Priocne- mis), 138.
fulgidipennis (Salius), 138.
fulgipennis (IsobnogaB-
ter), 376. fulvifrons (Scolia), 81. fulvipennis (Hemipepsis),
129.
fulvipennis (Megachile), 475.
fulvipennis (Pompilus), 129.
fulvipennis (Salius), 129.
fulvipennis (Sphex), 129.
fulvo-fasciata (Mega- chile), 484.
fulvo-hirtus (Sphex), 244.
fulvopicta (Liacos), 102.
fulvopilosus (Oxybelus), 319.
fulvovestita (Megachile), 477.
fumipennis (Sphecodes), 417.
fumipennis (Tiphia), 58. funebris (Halictus), 436. funeraria (Mutilla), 30. funerarius (Bombus), 551.
funestus (Salius), 132. fusca (Crabro), 403. fuscinervis (Tiphia), 63. fuscipennis (Ammo-
phila), 233. fuscipennis (Ceropales),
174.
fuscipennis (Ccelioxys), 511.
ALPHABETICAL INDEX.
571
fusoipennis{Orabro), 329. I'uscipenni3 (Larra), 197. fusciponnis (Myzine), 67. fuseipennis (Nomia), 459. fuscipenuis (Peinphre-
don), 265. fuseus (Pelopoeus), 238. fusciis (Pompilus), 148.
gallicus (Polistes), 393. garrulus (Halict.us), 434. Grastrosericiis, 216. Gastrosphteria, 241. geminug (Salhis), 145. gibbus (Sphecodes), 416. glauca (Bembex), 291. glanea (?Beaibyx), 291. glauca (■? Vespa), 291. godeffroyi (Spliex), 251. Gonius, 213. Gorytes, 271. gracilescens (Trypoxy-
lon), 227. gracilis (Eumenes), 343. graciiliraa (Andrena),
444.
grandiceps (Halictiis), 426.
grandis (Sphex), 245. grasaator (Salius), 143. greeiii (Gorytes), 274. greenii (Ferreola), 171. gribodei (Megacbile), 478. gribodoi (Mutilla), 46. griseopicta (Megacbile), 486.
grossa (Elis), 97. grossa (Soolia), 97. grossa (Tipbia), 97. guttatipennis (Icaria), 387.
guttatus ( Ancistrocercus) , 370.
guttatus (Odyneriis), 370. gutturosus (Halictus),
430. Gyrostoraa, 393. gyroatoma (Polistes), 394.
habrocoma (Elis), 97. habrocoma (Soolia), 97. Habropbora, 521. Habropoda, 521. heematurus (Bombus), 548.
haemorrhoidale (Rbyn-
chium), 3.54. haemorrhoidale (Ryg-
chium), 354.
hajmorrhoidalis (Bom- bus), 554.
hremorrhoidalis (Lar- rada), 207.
hiDuiorrhoidalis (Liris), 203, 207.
hKinorrhoidalis (Lyrops), 207.
hsemorrhoidalis (Pom- pilus), 207.
hremorrhoidalis (Scolia), 77.
hteniorrhoidalis (Vespa),
354. Halictus, 419. haiidlirsohi (Mutilla), 46. Harpaotopus, 241. barriettB (Andrena), 446. hauxwellii (Ischnogaster),
378
hebr£Ea (Polistes), 398. hebrsea (Vespa), 398. hebrffius (Polistes), 398. hecate (Pompilus), 171. Helioryctes, 270. Hemipepsis, 122. bora (Megacbile), 489. herbigradus (Pompilus), 155.
liercules (Salius), 127. Heriades, 507. hero (Pompilus), 169. besione (Bembex), 291. heteroptera (Megacbile), 475.
hexaops (Mutilla), 16. hieroglyphica (Ceratina), 503.
hilaris (Cerceris), 311. himalayana (Melecta), 516.
himalayensis (Antho-
pbora), 532. himalayensis (Oroeisa),
517.
himalayensis (Tetra-
lonia), 521. hirsuta (Elis), 98. hirsuta (Tipbia), 63. hirticeps (Ammophila),
234.
histrio (Oroeisa), 516, 518.
histrio (Nomada), 518. histrionica (Soolia), 86. Homonotus, 122. honesta (Pseudagenia), 109.
honpstus (Pompilus),
109. Hoplisius, 271.
hoplites (Polistes), 395.
Hoplitis, 468.
hornei (Megacbile), 473.
humbcrtiana (Ammo- phila), 230.
humbortiana (Cerceris), 303.
humbertiana (Eumenes), 338.
humbertiana (Mutilla), 35.
humberlianus (Labus), 349.
humbertiauuB (Odyne-
rus), 371. humbertianus (Prioone-
rais), 142. humbertianus (Salius),
142.
humeralis (Scolia), 81. hypnorum (Bombus), 552.
hypsipyle (Pseudagenia), 116.
Icaria, 385.
icarioides (Odynerus), 372.
ichneumoneus (Pompi- lus), 130.
ichneumoneus (Salius), 130.
icbneumoniformis (Myg-
nimia), 131. iohneumonoides (Me-
thoca), 52. ignicolor (Pompilus), 161. ignita (Scolia), 85. ignita (Xylocopa), 540. ignobilis (Pompilus), 166. illudens (Tachytes), 207. ilus (Pompilus), 171. imitator (Anthidium),
493.
imitatrix (Megaobile), 484.
impavida (Montezumia), 351.
impiger (Gorytes), 274. implicata (Tipbia), 61. incisa (Tipbia), 60. incognitus (Pompilus ), 156.
Indiana (Eumenes), 338. indiea (Anthopbora), 533. indica (Apis), 558. indioa (Belonogaster), 382.
indica (Bembex), 291. indica (Montezumia), 360.
572
ALPHABETICAL INDEX.
iudioa (Polybin), 382, 384.
indica (Scolia), 84. indica (Xylocopa), 530. indious (Belonogaster), 382.
iudicus (Eaphigaster), 382.
indicus (Salius), 134. indostana (Miitilla), 47. infestus (Pompilus), 168. insignia (Orabro), 326. insignis (Passaloecus), 267.
insignia (Soolia), 77. inslabilis (Cerceris), 307. instabilis (Soolia), 79. insidaris (Aneiiia), 113. insiilaris (Aulhopbora), 629.
insularis (Mutilla), 25. insularis (O.-cybelus), 318. insularis (Podalirius), 5-29.
insularis (Pseudagenia), 113.
intendens (Anoistooerus), 373.
intendens (Odynerus), 373.
intermedia (Mygnimia), 128.
intevtiiedius (Saliua), 128. interriipta (Mutilla), 14. interruplus (Palarus), 214.
interstincta (? Cerceris), 303.
interstinctus (? Pbilan-
thus), 303. intricatus (Halictus), 438. intricatus (Odynerus),
365.
intrudens (PelopcBus), 236.
intrudens (Scelipbron), 236.
intrudens (Tipbia), 61. intrudens (Trypoxylon), 224.
invidus (Haliotus), 433. iridescens (Noniia), 452. iridipennis (Maoromeris), 105.
iridipennis (MeUpona), 563.
iridipennis (Mygnimia), 139.
iridipennis (Salius), 139. iridipennis (Sphecodes), 418.
iridipennis (Trigona), 563.
iridipennis (Xylocopa),
540. iris (Colpa), 94. iris (Elis), 94. iris (Scolia), 94. Isohnogaster, 376. Isodontia, 241. Iswara, 54.
jaculator (Larrada), 203. jaculatrix (Notogonia), 203.
javaiium (Scelipbron), 239.
javanus (Pelopoeus), 239. javanus (Steganomus), 460.
josepbi (Mutilla), 45. juncea (Belonogaster), 381.
juno (Pseudagenia), 121. juno (Salius), 121. jurinei (Scolia), 79.
kantbellce (Mutilla), 28. kauara3 (Mutilla), 36. kirbyi (Cerceris), 313. kirbyi (MutiUa), 20. kirbyi (Scolia), 88. kobli (MutiUa), 23. koblii (Liantbrena), 212, 213.
koblii (Pison), 220. _ kriecbbauineri(Paraliri8), 208.
laboriosa (Larrada), 204. laboriosa (Notogonia),
204. Labus, 348.
lacbeais (Porapilua), 167. laobrymosuin (Antbi-
dium), 492. lajta (Ammopbila), 234. Ifflta (Myzine), 70. liBta (Salius), 133. liEvioeps (Melipona), 663. liBviceps (Scolia), 82. lajvicepa (Trigoua), 563. Iffivicula (Pseudagenia),
118.
liBvigata (Ammopbila), 231.
laminella (Mutilla), 24. lanata (Apis), 483. lanata (Megaebile), 483. Larra, 195. Larrada, 195, 201.
laacivus (Pompilus), 161. LasiogloBsum, 419. lateralis (Stizus), 281. latilVons (Ampules), 256. latipea (Antbidium), 495. latipea (Apis), 536. latipea (Xylocopa), 536. latitarsus (Beuibex), 289. lenia (Buraenes), 347. lepeletierii (Spbox), 251. lepida (Ceratina), 505. Leatiforus, 271. leucopbaiua (Pompilus), 160.
leucotarais (Proaopia), 410.
levipes (Passaloecua), 268. lewisi (Oxybelus), 320. Liacos, 101. Liantbrena, 212. licbtensteini (Megaebile), 481.
lilliputiana (Mutilla), 11. limbatus (Pompilus), 160.
lindenii (Campsomeris), 96.
lindenii (Elis), 96. Lindeniua, 321. lineatua (Oxybelus), 314. lineola (Spbex), 250. liodomus (Halictus), 440. Liris, 205. Litburgus, 469. litigiosa (Elis), 90. litigiosa (Scolia), 90. lobata (Apis). 559. lobatum (Cblorion), 242. lobatus (Spbex), 242. longiceps (Bombus), 555. longipalpis (? Megaebile), 475.
longiventris (Ammo- pbila), 229, 230.
lucidipeniiis (Halictus), 435.
lucidiusouluB (Halictus), 429.
lucidulus (Homonohis), 156.
lucidulus (Pompilus), 156.
lucknoviensis (Antbo-
pbora), 528. luctuosa (Elia), 95. luctuosa (Melecta), 515. luctuosa (Scolia), 95. luculenta (Megaebile),
479.
lugubris (Pempliredon) 265.
ALPHABETICAL INDEX.
573
lunnrifasciata (Mutilla), 3S
lunata (Bembex), 285. lunata (Xylocopa), 639. lusca (Nomada), 465. lusciosus (Pompilus). 173.
liitea (Melipona), 564. luteil'rons (Sphex), 250. liiteipennis (Spbex), 247. luteus (Iswara), 64, 55. lyrata (Tiphia), 60. Lyroda, 208. Lyrops, 185, 192.
maoaensis (Polistes), 398. Maoromeris, 103. macidata (CeropaleB), 173.
maculiceps (Mutilla), 28. maculifrons (Aetata), 183.
maculipennis (Polistes), 396.
maeulipes (Pompilua) 155.
macuUventris (Icaria), 385.
maculo-fa3ciata(Mutilla), 29.
madraspataoa (Myzine), 65.
madraspatanum (Sceli-
pbron), 237. madraspatanus (Pelo-
pceus), 237. madraspatanus (Pom-
pilus), 139. madraspatanus (Salius),
139.
madraspatanus (Sphex), 237.
magnifica (Vespa), 401. magrettii (Bombua), 548. magrettii (Habropoda), 523.
magrettii (Stizus), 283. maia (Sphex), 249. mainpuriensis (Eumeues), 340.
maligna (Andrena), 443. mandalensi8(Myzine), 66. mandalensis (Plesia), 66. mandibulata (Ammo-
phfla), 234. manicatum (Anthidium),
490.
marginata (AUodape), 507.
marginata (Epipona), 388.
marginata (Icaria), 388. ranssurii (Crocisa), 519. mastogaster (Cerceris), 310.
maura (Larra), 199. maura (Larrada), 199. maura (Liris), 199. maura (Sphex), 199. maurus (Pompilua), 199. maurus (Sphex), 247. maxiininas (Mutilla), 10. Megnohile, 470. Megalorama, 271. Megapodium, 321. melancholica (Bembex), 286.
melanopyrus (Helio-
ryctes), 270. melanosoma (Oblorion),
243.
melanoxantha (Larra), 283.
melanoxanthus (Stizus), 283.
melanurus (Bombus),
550. Melecta, 515. Melipona, 559. Melitta, 440. mellea (Larra), 280. melleus (Stizus), 280. mellifera (Apis), 556. MelHnus, 268, 271. mellyi (Rhynchium),
356.
mellyi (Bygchium), 356.
mephistophelica (An- drena), 443.
Meaopora, 262.
Mesotricha, 533.
metaUica (Mutilla), 41.
metallica (Sphex), 250.
metallicum (Rhynchium), 358.
metallicum (Eygchium),
358. Methoca, 52. micans (Ischnogaster),
378.
micromegala (Pseud-
agenia), 118. micromegas (Agenia),
118.
micromegas (Pseud-
agenia), 118. Mimesa, 262. miniatus (Bombus), 553. miniatuB (Odynerus),
366.
minuta (Crocisa), 519. minuta (Xylocopa), 540.
minutus (Coolioxys), 512. miranda (Perreola), 172. miranda (Mulilla), .W. mirandus (Pompilus), 172.
mirandus (Salius), 139. Misoophus, 215. mitis (Pompilus), 155. mixta (Prosopis), 410. moderata '(Ceratina), 604.
modesta (Tachytes), 190. moelleri (Habropoda), 523.
moelleri (Megacbile),490. moestus (Pompilus), 163. molesta (Scolia), 79. mdlleri (Bonibus), 553. molleri (Rhynchium), 354.
mollis (Andrena), 446. momus (Salius), 144. Monedula, 284. monetaria (Tachytes), 188.
monilicornis (HyliEus), 413.
monilicornis (Prosopis), 413.
montana (Habropoda), 522.
montanus (Sphecodes), 418.
Montezumia, 349. monticola (Megachile), 480.
montivagus (Bombus), 547.
morawitzii (Oeratina), 503.
morosa (Andi-ena), 445. moroaa (Montezumia), 349.
morosus (Sphex), 246. Morphota, 208. multipictus (Odynerus), 368.
multipictus (Pompilus), 168.
mustela (Prosopis), 411. mutabilis (Agenia), 116. mutabilis (Pseudagenia),
116. Mutilla, 2. MutillidiE, 1. mutilloides (Apterogyna),
2.
Mygnimia, 122. Myrapetra, 382. myrmecoides (Pompilus),
ALPHABETICAL INDEX.
iiiystacea (Apis), 479. uiystacea (Megaohile), 479.
mysUceuB (Qorytos),
271. Myzine, 64.
nana (Agenia), 121. nana (Larra), 200. nana (Megaohile), 487. nana (rseudugenia), 121. nanus (Orabro), 330. nanus (Oxybelus), 317. nebulosa (Cerceris), 311. Nephridea, 217. nicevillii (Saliua), 141. nidulans (Oentris), 529. nigelluB (Sphex), 249. niger (Stigmus), 267. nigerrima (Sphex), 250. nigra (Methoca), 61. nigra (Mutilla), 48. nigra (Notogouia), 201. nigricans (Astata), 183. nigricans (Trypoxylon), 224.
nigriceps (Philanthus), 295.
nigrifrons (Ischnogaster), 379.
nigrifrons (Odynerus), 359.
nigrigena (Mutilla), 29. nigripennis (Apis), 567. nigripennis (Liris), 206. nigripes (Ammophila), 231.
nigripes (Sphex), 248. nigriventris (Larra), 201. nigrocrerulea (Xylocopa), 539.
nigrocincta (Apis), 658.
nilotica (Vespa), 403.
ninnii (Mutilla), 11.
nitida (Myzine), 68.
nitidipeunis (Ischnogas- ter), 380.
nitidula (Rygchium), 357.
nitidula (Tachytes), 190. nitidula (Vespa), 357. nitidulum (Rhynchium), 357.
nitidulus (Orabro), 190. nitidus (Orabro), 328, 330.
uitidus (Oxybelus), 330. niveocincta (Anthopho-
ra), 527. niveocinctua (Podalirius),
527.
niveosignata (Mutilla), 13.
iiivosus (HarpaotopusJ, 244.
nivoBUB (Sphex), 244. nobilis (Mutilla), 24. nobilis (Scolia), 81. nodicornis (Steganomus),
460. Nomada, 463. Nomia, 447. Nomioides, 419. Notogoniii, 201. novarai (Ampulex), 256. novarffi (Oerceris), 305. nubilipeiiiiis (Larra), 279. nuda (Anthophora), 533. nudata (ScoHa), 74. nudiceps (Mutilla), 33. NysBOu, 268.
obliterata (Vespa), 403. obliteratum (Pison), 222. obliteratus (Parapison), 222.
obliteratus (Pisonoides), 222.
obscura (Scolia), 80. obsoleta (Agenia), 113. obsoleta (Pseudagenia), 11,3.
obsunator (Salius), 144. obsouator (Trypoxylon), 226.
ocellata (MutiUa), 29. oculatum (Ehynchium), 351.
odontophorus (Orabro),
.326. Odynerus, 360. olivieri ( Apterogyna), 1. opalina (Scolia), 75. opifex (Orabro), 323. Oplopus, 360. optima (Mutilla), 40. opulenta (Mutilla), 42. opulenla (Sphex), 250. opulenta (Tachytes), 206. ordinarius (Philanthus),
296.
ordinatum (Anthidium), 494.
orichalcea (Liris), 207. orientale (Anthidium), 495.
orieutalis (Ammophila), 231.
orientalis (Aporus), 178. orientalis (Astata), 183. orientalis (Bembex), 289.
orientalis (Bombus), 5.55. orieutalis (Cerceris), 302. orientalis (Ceropales), 157.
orientalis (Orabro), 324. orientalis (Oyclostoma), 394.
orientalis (Eli.s), 90. orientulis (Methoca), 53. orientalis (Myzine), 09. orientalis (Palarus), 214. orientalis (Planiceps) 178.
orientalis (PoliBte8),394. orientalis (Polybia), 383. orientalis (Pompilus), 157.
orientalis (Psen), 263. orieutalis (Slizua), 280. orientalis (Vespa), 403. ornata (Cerojiales), 174. ornata (Scolia), 76. ornatipes (.Tachytes), 190. ornatua (Ancistrooerus), 364.
ornatus (Gorytes), 272. ornatuB (Harpactus), 272. ornatus (Odynerus), 364. Osmia, 468. ovalis (Odynerus), 369. ovans (Bembex), 292. oxybeloides (Nomia), 457. Oxybelus, 268, 314.
Palarus, 213. palitans (Orabro), 329. pallasii (Pterochilus), 373.
pallida (Myzine), 69.
Pallosoma, 122.
pandora (Mutilla), 27.
Paragenia, 105.
Paraicaria, 392.
Paraliris, 208.
Parapison, 217.
Parapolybia, 382.
Parapsammophila, 228.
Parasphex, 241.
parentissimum (Ryg- chium), 354.
Parevaspis, 498.
parietum (Odynerus), 360.
parthenope (Pompilus), 167.
parvula (Allodape), 507. parvula (Heriades), 508. parvula (Stelis), 497- Passalcecus, 267. patricialis (Soolia), 75.
peetinb-spinata (Mu-
tilla), 12. pedalis (Pompilus), 163. pede3tris (Pompilus),
169.
pedestria (Prioonemis), 169.
pedostris (Salius). 169. peduuculata (Mutilla), 51.
peduuculata (Pseudage- nia), 112.
peduHculatus (Pompi- lus), 112.
pediLuoulatua (Salius), 112.
PelopoDus, 235.
Pemphredon, 265.
penaugensis (Scolia), 101.
pendula (Icaria), 388.
pendulus (Stigmus), 266.
peneti'ata (Megachile), 484.
pentadonta (Oerceris), 312.
Pepsis, 235, 241. peregrin us (Priocnemis), 137.
peregrinus (Salius), 137. perelegans (MutiUa), 41. perforatrbc (Ceratina), 502.
pernix (Oeropalea), 176. perplexa (Mygnimia), 130.
perplexus (Pompilua), 167.
perplexua (Priocnemis), 167.
perplexus (Salius), 130, 167.
perrottetii (Apis), 558. persouata (Scolia), 81. personatus (Bombus), 548.
perversa (Mutilla), 50. petiolata (Bumenes), 341. petiolata (Myzine), 70. petiolata (Vespa), 341. phtedra (Andrena), 444. phalerata (Blis), 94. Pliilanthus, 213, 293. Physoscelus, 321. Piagetia, 210. picta (Ceratina), 502. picta (Icaria), 388. pictoti (Scolia), 8(). pictif'rona (Xjlocopa), 538.
pictiventris (Cerceris), 305.
AlPHABETICAL INDEX.
pictus (Gorytes"), 275. pictus (Pelopoeus), 238. pileatum (Trypoxylon),
223, 224. pilipes (Anthophora),
523.
pilipes (Nomia), 454. pilosella (Mutilla), 45. Pilpomus, 106. piuguis (Bembex), 290. Pison, 217. Pisonitus, 217. Pisonoides, 217. placida (Mutilla), 35. placidus (Salius), 136. Platynopoda, 533. plebeja (Agenia), 114. plebeja (Pseudagenia),
114. Plesia, 64.
plumiiera (Sphei), 250. Podiigritus, 321. Podalirius, 523. policarinata (Tiphia), 62. Polistes, 393. politus (Grorytes), 275. Polybia, 382. PompilidfB, 102. pompiliformis(Tacbytes),
185. Pompilus, 147. pondicberenais (Mutilla),
18.
ponticerianus (Odyne-
rus), 371. poouaen.sis (Mutilla), 39. prastabilis (Salius), 136. prajterita (Melipona),
564.
prteterita (Trigona), 564. Priocnemis. 122. Priononyx, 241. prismatioa (Ella), 98. prismatica (Larra), 282. priamatica (Scolia), 98. prismatica (Trirbogma), 262.
prismaticus (Stizus), 282. procer (Scolia), 75. procera (Scolia), 75. Proncjeus, 241, properua (Salius), 140. propinqua (Ceratina), 501.
propinquus (Halictus),
430. Prosopis, 409. proteus (Halictus), 428. provida (Mutilla), 50. provida (Xylocopa),
541.
575
proxiuia (Megachilo), 483.
proxiuuis (.Stizua), 283. pruinosus (Pompilus), 154.
PsammOBciua, 271. Psammopbila, 228. Pson, 262. Paeudagenia, 106. Pseudospbex, 241. Psitbyrua, 556. Pterochilus, 373. pubescena (? Spbex), 253. puerilis (Mutilla), 38. pulcbella (Ammopliila),
229, 230. pulchellum (Anthidium),
493.
pulcbellua (Pterocbilus), 374.
pulcberriraa (Antbo-
phora), 532. pulcberrimus (Pbilan-
tbus), 299. pulcberrimus (Paen), 263. pulchra (Cerceris), 308. pulebra (Scolia), 86. pulcbra (Spbex), 243. pulcbriceps (Mutilla), 12. pulcbrina (Mutilla), 41. pulebrineUa (Mutilla),
10
pulchripes (Megacbile), 486.
puchriventris (Halictus), 427.
pulobriventris (MutiUa), 40.
pulla (Mutilla), 17. punctata (Ammopbila), 233.
punctata (Bumenea), 339
punctatipennis (Odyne-
rus), 365. punctifrons (Pison), 213. punotum (Odynerua),
365.
punctum (Poliates), 365. puailla (Mutilla), 38. pusillua (Stizua), 283.
quadriceps (Crabro), 327. quadrifasciata (Autbo-
pbora), 529. quadrifasciata (Apis),
529.
quadrifasciata (? Scolia), 96.
quadrifasciatus (Podali- rius), 529.
57G
ALPHABETICAL INDEX.
quaclriguttulata (Scolin), 95.
quadripustulata (Larra), 84.
quadripustulata (Scolia), 84.
quadrispinosa (Eume-
nes), 336. quavtiniE (Megachile),
478.
quinqueciucta (Vespa), 355.
radoszkowslcii (Habro-
poda), 522. i-adoszkowskii (Podali-
rius), 522. radula (Scolia), 96. radula (Spex), 77. ratnosa (Crooisa), 518. raaorium (Anthidium),
496.
rava (Pseudagenia), 120. redtenbaoheri (Scolia), 83.
reflexus (Pompilus), 159. regalis (Ohlorion), 243. regalis (Sphex), 243. regia (Mutilla), 34. rejector (Trypoxylon), 226.
relata (Megachile), 480. remota (Mutilla), 31. reprassentans (MutiUa), 14.
reticulata (Andrena), 445.
reticulata (Elis), 100. reticulata (Mutilla), 29. reticulatus (Haliotus), 438.
reversa (Larra), 281. reversus (Stizua), 281. Eliapbigaster, 381. rhinoceros (? Megachile),
480. Rhinopsis, 253. Ehopalidia, 382, 386. Rhopalum, 321. Ehynchium, 351. ritsemse (Piagetia), 210. robustus (Oxybelus), 315. rostrata (Bembex), 284. rothneyi (Andi-ena), 443. rothneyi (Oerceris), 302. rothneyi (Gaatrosericus),
216.
rothneyi (Miscophus), 215.
rothneyi (Mutilla), 27. rothneyi (Pison), 221.
rothneyi (Pompilus), 169. rothneyi (Salius), 146. rothneyi (Sphex), 245. rothneyi (Taohytes), 1 89. rubida (Mygnimia), 130. rubidus (SaHus), 130. rubiginosa (Scolia), 76. rubripes fSphecodes), 419.
rubro-maculata (Elis), 93.
rubro-maculata (Scolia), 93.
rufa (Osraia), 468. rufescens (Larra), 280. rufescens (Stizus), 280. rufescens (Xylocopa), 543.
rufioeps (Scolia), 76. rufiforuis (Ampulex), 255.
ruflcornis (Melpona). 563.
ruflcornis (Oxybelus), 317.
ruflcornis (Piagetia), 211. ruflcornis (Rhinopsis), 255.
ruflcornis (Scolia), 79. ruflcornis (Stizus), 276. ruflcornis (Trigona), 563. ruficrus (Mutilla), 14. rufidentata (Montezu-
mia), 349. ruflnodis (Oerceri.'!), 303. rufipennis (Sphex), 247,
250.
rufipes (Anthidium), 496.
rufipes (Larra), 200. rufipes (Larrada), 200. rufipes (Megachile), 484. rufipes (Parapison), 221. ruflpes (Tiphia), 61. rufltarsis (Mutilla), 18. ruflventris (Megachile), 479.
ruflventris (Mutilla), 39. ruflventris (Psen), 264. rufo-doraata (Mutilla), 51.
rufo-fasciatus (Bombus), 547.
rufo-femorata (Tiphia), 68.
rufogastra (Allodape), 805.
rufomaoulata (Ischnogas-
ter), 379. rufo-niger (Taohysphex),
195.
rufo-zonatus (Halictue), 439.
rugolatuB (TTalictus), 436. riigosa (Methoca), 54. rugosa (Mutill.i), 15. rugosura (Pison), 218. rugosus (Nysson), 269. rupestris (Psithyrus), 555.
rusliea (Nomia), 457. Rygchium, 351.
sabulosa (Ammophila), 228.
sabulosus (Oxybelus), 316.
Bacrissima (Andrena), 445.
.osevissima (Mygnimia), 138.
8a;vissima (Salius), 138. Sagittarius (Polistes), 295. Salius, 122.
salutator (Halictus), 437. samson (Megachile), 480. Sapvga, 64. satelles (Salius>, 127. saundersii (Tachytes) 189.
savignyi (Lirie), 207. scapulata (Scolia), 81. Sceliphrnn, 235. schach (Polistes), 394. schach (Vespa), 394. schlettereri (Mutilla), 43. scilula (learia), 392. scitula (Ischnogaster),
379. Scolia, 71. Scoliidfe, 56. scutellata (Nomia), 438. scutula (ProBopis), 412. sejufioides (Mutilla), 50. semiiErinus (Halictus),
424.
semiaurata (Mutilla), 31. semivestita (Ohalicodo-
ma), 474. semivestita (Megachile),
474.
semperi (Stizus), 283. sonescens (Halictus), 438. separatus (Pelopoeus), 2.37.
serenus (Halictus), 440. sericea (Pepsis), 250. sericoBoma (Pompilus), 143.
sericosoma (Priocnemis), 143.
sericosoma (Salius), 143.
serratula (Mutilla), 26. eervillii (CiirapsomeriB), 96.
severus (Salius), 131. sexcinctii (Elis), 89. sexcinctus (Halictus), 419.
sexfasciata (Myzine), 64. sexmaculata (Ceratina), 501.
sexmaculata (Mutilla), 25.
sexraaculatus (Ooelioxys), 513.
sexpustulata (Scolia), 84. siamensis (Sphex), 248. sichelii (Odynerus), 363. sikhimensis (Odynerus), 363.
sikkiraensis (Ampulex), 257.
sikkimensis (Scolia), 85. Bikkimensis CWaagenia), 257.
sikkimi (Megachile), 479. Simblephilus, 293. simillima (Amuiophila),
229, 230. simillima (Ceratina), 505. simillima (Larra), 199. simillima (Larrada), 199. simillima (Nomia), 449. simillimus (Bombus),
554.
simillimus (Pompilus), 166.
simulus (Bombus), 555. sinensis (Pompilus), 133. sinensis (Salius), 133. sinensis (Tachytes), 189. smaragdinus (Sphex), 242.
smilhii (Ammophila), 232.
smithii (Melipona), 563. smithii (Methoca), 53. smithii (Salius), 134. sodalis (Crabro), 324. sodalis (Sphecodes), 418. Solenius, 1521. solieri (Pelopoeus), 238. solieri (Sceliphron), 238. solitaria (Nomada), 464. soror (Mutilla), 12. soror (Sphex), 245. specifica (Scolia), 89. speciosa (Icaria), 390. Sphecodes, 416. Sphegidte, 179. Sphex, 241.
spinifrons (Crabro), 327. VOL. I.
ALPHABETICAL JNDB.V.
spiniger (Labus). 348. spinipes (Ammophila), 321.
spinoUu (PelopcDus), 237. spinola; (Sceliphi-on), 237.
spinosa (Ammophila),
229, 230. spinosus (Nysson), 268. spirilex (Sceliphron), 235. spleiidida (Macromeris),
103.
splendiduluB (Halictus), 423.
splendidum (Chlorion), 243.
splendiduB (Sphex), 243. spodiozonius (Halictus), 431.
squamosus (Oxybelus), 315.
Steganomns, 460. Stelis, 496.
steloides (Megachile), 490.
stephani (Mutilla), 43. stigma (Polistes), 396. stigma (Polybia), 384. stigma (Vespa), 396. Stigmus, 266. StizuB, 276. stizus (Scolia), 84. streuua (Prosopis), 411. striatifrous (Prosopis), 411.
striolatura (Pison), 220. structor (Vespa), 404. stulta (Megachile), 476. stulta (Pseudagenia), 115. subanalis (MutiUa), 44. subcierulea(Anthophora), 527.
subglabra (Mutilla), 19. subintrans (Mutilla), 15. subita (Lyroda), 208. subopacua (Halictus), 428.
subpetiolata (Nomada), 465.
subsericeus (Pompilus), 154.
Bubtessellata (Larrada), 202.
subleBsellata (Notogonia), 202.
succincta (CoUetes), 408. BulcatuB (Polistes), 395. sulpburea (Cerceris), 305.
sulphurescens (Bembex), 287.
577
sulphurous (Philanthus), 298.
BUmatriE (Icaria), 389. sumatJ-ic (Vespa), 389. sumatrana (Larra), 198.
sumatrensis (Polybia), 385.
suspiciosum (Pison), 219. sycophauta (Hemipepsis), 131.
sycophauta (Salius), 131. sykcsiana (y Nomia), 454.
Symmorpha, 515. Symmorphus, 360. Systropha, 466.
Tachybulus, 217. Tachysphex. 192. Tachytes, 185. tamula (Polistes), 396. tamula (Vespa), 396. taprobante (Ceratina), 502.
taprobana; (Dolichurus), 260.
taprobante (Halictus), 428.
taprobanic (Mutilla?), 18.
tarda (Astata), 184. tardus (Halictus), 425. tarsata (Tachytes), 188. taschenbergi (Sphex), 250.
taschenbergii (Bembex), 292.
taylori (Mutilla), 42. tornatorei (Mutilla), 45. torrida (Andrena), 442. tenasserimica (Mutilla), 20.
tenebrionis (Crabro), 402.
tenuiscapa (Xylocopa),
537. Tenygra, 52. terminalis (Bombus),
5.52.
terminata (Nomia), 459. terminata (Trigona), 562.
terrenus (Salius), 141. terrestris (Bombus), 544.
testacea (Apis), 557. testaceipes (Tachysphex), 193.
tetradonta (Cerceris), 304.
2p
578
ALPUABKTICAL INDEX.
Tetrulonia, 520. Tluuiniatosoma, 467. thoracica (Elis), i)9. thoracica (Melipona), 564.
thoracica (Nomia), 451. thoracica (Scolia), 99. thoracica (Tiphia), 99. thoracica (Trigona),
564. Thynnidoe, .52. Thyreopus, 321. timidus (Halictus), 429. tin eta (Agenin), 116. tincta (Paeudagenia),
116.
tinctipennis (Ancisto-
cerus), 372. tinctipennis (Odynerus),
372.
tinctipennis (Trypoxy-
lon), 227. tinctus (Pompilus), 116. Tiphia, 2, ,5(5. tisiphone (Larra), 198. tisiphone (Larrada), 198. tiaiphone (Notogouia),
198. Trachuaa, 470. transversa (Vespa), 357. transversum (Eygchium),
357.
trepanda (Bembex), 288. trichocondyla (Mutilla), 36.
trioincta (Megachile), 489.
tricolor (Gorytes), 275. tricolor (Myzine), 66. tridentatus (Oxybelus), 317.
tridungulata (Mutilla),
11. Trielis, 90.
trifasciatuB (Bombus),
548. Trigona, 559. trimaoulata (Mutilla),
22.
Trirhogma, 260. Trirogma, 260. Triscolia, 71. tristis (Oerceris), 309. tristis (Elis), 92. tristis (Halictus), 424. tristis (Larra), 204. tristis (Larrada), 204. tristis (Notogonia), 204. tropica (Sphex), 402. truncorum (Heriades), 507.
Trypetes, 507. Trypoxylon, 222. tuberculata (Megachile), 475.
tuberculata (Sphex), 250. tuberculiitus (Cypbono-
uyx), 135. tuberculatuB (Salius),
135.
tunicatus (Borabus), 549. turcica (Vespa), 403. tyrannioa (Sphex), 247. tyrianthina (Scolia), 75.
umbripennis (Megachile), 483.
umbrosus (Sphex), 250. undata (Vespa), 398. ungulata (loaria), 391. unifnsoiata (Cerceris), 310.
unimsciata (Mutilla), 45.
unil'asoiata (Vespa), 402. unilasciatus (Pompilus), 168.
unicolor (Apis), 558. unicolor (Aporus), 177. unimaculata (Scolia), 75.
urviUii (Campsomeris), 101.
vachalii (Halictus), 426. ■vagabunda (Ammophila), 231.
vagabunduB (Pompilus), 153.
valentulus (Salius), 145. valida (Mutilla), 16. vallestris (Bombus), 553. ■variegata (Epipona), 388.
variegata (Icaria), 388, 389.
variegata (Mutilla), 30. variolosus (Alastor), 375. veda (Mutilla), 37. veda (Pseudagenia), 117. veda (Salius;, 133. velox (Oerceris), 307. velox (Tachytes), 188. velutina (Megachile), 482.
velutina (Vespa), 405. venatorius (Salius), 136. ventralis (Melipona), 562.
ventralis (Trigona), 562.
venuata (Lyroda), 210. vonusta (Scolia), 88. vernalis (Halictus), 430. verticalis (Priocnemis), 144.
verticalis (Salius), 144. verticalis (Scolia), 77. verticalis (Xylocopa),
541. Vespa, 399. Vespidoj, 375. vespiformis (Sphex), 277. vespifbrmis (Stizus), 277. vestita (Larrada), 188. vestita (Megachile), 485. vicina (Tachytes), 191. vicina (Tiphia), 62. vicinissima (Mutilla),
13.
vicinuB (Halictus), 431. vicinus (Sphex), 245. vidua (Melipona), 561. viduatus (Sphex), 252. vigilans (Anthophora), 528.
vigilans (Cerceris), 308. vigilans (Megachile), 488.
vincta (Nomia), 458. violacea (Anthophora), 531.
violacea (Macromeris), 105.
violacea (Pepsis), 240. violacea (Sphex), 240. violacea (Xylocopa), 533.
violaceipennis (Ammo- phila), 235.
violaceum (Chalybion), 240.
violaceum (Sceliphron), 240.
violaceus (Pelopoeus), 240.
violaceus (Podalirius), 531.
virchu (Tachytes). 191. viridipennis (Xylocopa), 537.
viridis (Ceratina), 501. viridissima (Ceratina), 501.
vischnu (Pompilus), 156. vischu (Amnlophila), 233.
viscosus (Cerceris), 303. vishnu (Cerceris), 308. vishnu (Halictus), 437. vishnu (Tachytes), 191. vitiosus (Pompilus), 161.
vitripennis (Mygnimia), 138.
vitripennis (Salius), 138. vivax (Pompilus), 154. vivax (Vospa), 4015. vivida (Scolia), 87. vulgaris (Vespa), 399.
Waagenia, 253. waltlii (Gastrosericus), 216.
wegtermanni (Scolia), 77. weatonii (Bembex), 293. westwoodii (Nomia), 449.
wroughtoni (Cereeris), 306.
ALPHABETICAIi INDEX.
wrinighloui (G-asti'oseri-
cus), 217. wroughtoni (Haliotus),
432.
wroughtoni (Mutilla), 16. wroughtoni (Pompilus), 151.
xanthognathus (Halio- tus), 432.
xanthopterus (Sphex), 246.
xauthura (Eutnenes),
341. Xylocopa, 533. xyetonotus (Haliotus),
439.
579
yorburghi (Mutilla), 51. yerburyi (Mutilla), 51. yerburyi (Taohytes), 186.
zebra (Pompilus), 162. zelotypus (Salius), 135. Zethus, 332. zeus (Pompilus), 150. zonata (Anthophora), 527.
zonata (Apis), 627, 557.
zonatula (Habropoda), 521.
zonatus (Podalirius 527.
I'KINTBD BV TAYLOB AND fllANClS, BEU LION COUBT, FLEET STEBET.
1
PLATE I.
Pig. 1. Mutilla aurifex, Smith, $ . | p. 34.
„ 2. Mutilla yerburyi, Cameron, cJ • f p. 51.
,, 3. ScoUa procer, lUiger, $. -1- p. 75.
„ 4. lAacos fulvopicta, Camevon, <S ■ \ p. 102.
„ 5. Salius bellicosus (Smith), 5 . 1 p. 127.
,, 6. Pompilus unifasciatus, Smith, ? . p. 168.
,, 7. Sceliphron madraspatanum. (Fabricius), $ . -f . . . p. 237.
„ 8. Sceliphron violaceum (Fabricius), $ . ^ p. 240.
„ 9. Sphex splenclidus (Fabricius), 5 . -j- p. 243.
[By an oversight the references to the first three figures were omitted in the text, and fig. 7, instead of fig. 6, has been printed in the reference added to Pompilus unifasciatus, p. 168.]
HymenopteraVol.I . Fa-un . Brit.Ind. PI 1 .
Horac; KnigTit lith.axlna.t.
1*
PLATE n.
Fig. 1. Salius Upartitus (Lepeletier), $ . | p. 137.
„ 2. Liris licemorrhoidalis (Pabricius), ? • | P- 207.
„ 3. Tachytes yerburyi, Bingham, d • | P- l^^-
„ 4. Bemhex lunata, Tabricius, d . | P- 285.
„ 5. Trypoxylon bicolor. Smith, $ . f p. 227.
„ 6. Sphex aurulentus, Fabricius, ? . | P- 250.
„ 7. Grabro quadriceps, Bingham, ? . f P- 327.
„ 8. Cerceris elizahethce, Bingham, ? . f P- 312.
„ 9. Eumenes conica (Fabricius), 2 • t P-
„ 10. Montezumia indica, Sausaure, 2 • | P-
„ 11. Ehynchium moellerl, Bingham, 2 ■ { P- 354.
12. Odynerus siJchimensis, Bingham, $ . f P- 363.
„ 13. Odynerus multipictus, Smith, ? . f p- 368.
Hymenoptera. Vol.1 . Faun. BritJ-nd.
PI .U.
West,Tfew/na.-n chromo.
PLATE III.
Fig. 1. Tschnogaster micans, Saussure, ? . j p. 378.
„ 2. Icaria guttatipennis, Saussure, ^ . j- p. 387.
„ 3. Polistes sulcatus, Smith, $ . -j- p. 395.
„ 4. Vespa orientalis, Linnaeus, g . j- p. 403.
,, 5. Vespa dorylloides, Saussure, ^ . p. 400.
6. Sphecodes fumipeunis, Smith, ^ p. 417.
„ 7. Halictus dasygaster, Vachal, 5 . |- p. 425.
„ 8. Andrena rothneyi, Cameron, $ . f p. 443.
„ 9. Nomia iridescens, Smith, 5 . ^ p. 452.
„ 10. Osmia adcp., Bingham, S . -f- p. 468.
„ 11. Megachile aniliracina, Smith, 5 • \ P-
„ 12. Megachile umbripennis, Smith, $ . | p. 483.
„ 13. Anihidium ordinatum, Smith, c? . y p- 494.
Hyraenopter a Voil . 1 . Faun . Brit . Ind .
PI. in
Horace KnigTat Uth.aoL-na.t •
PLATE IV.
1. Ooelioxys decipiens, Spinola, $ . \.
2. Heriades aureocincta, Bingham, 2 ,
3. Ceratina hieroglyphica. Smith, 5 .
4. Anthophora zonata (Linnaeus), $ .
5. Anthopliora pulcherrima, Bingham,
6. Hahropoda magrettii, Bingham, d
7. Xylocopa latipes (Drury), d . {■
8. Xylocopa ccerulea (Fabricius), ? .
9. Bomhus orientalis, Smith, 5 . y.
10. Bomhus tunicatus, Smith, 2 . {.
11. Apis dorsata, Fabricius, 5 . -f . • .
12. Apis indica, Fabricius, 5 • t- • ■
13. Melipona thoradca (Smith), § . f >
Hymen optera Vol. I . Faun . Bnt , In d
PI . rv.
Horace 'Knia'htlitln.acL na.t.
Tfest.lTavfiria.Ti chrcrmo.
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