FLORA

01? THE

BRITISH WEST INDIAN ISLANDS.

1 At

'cnv

FLORA

OF THE

BRITISH WEST INDIAN ISLANDS.

J3Y

A. H. R GRISEBACH, M.D, F.L.S.,

PROFESSOR OF BOTANY IN THE UNIVERSITY OF GOTTINGEN.

LONDON:

LOVELL REEVE & CO., HENRIETTA STREET, COVENT GARDEN.

1864..

ROYAL college of physicians
library

CLASS

accn.

TVfc-lW*' '

SOURCE

i

DATE

Su

JOHN EDWARD TATLOR, PRINTER,
LITTLE QUEEN STREET, LINCOLN'S INN FIELDS

PREFACE.

In 1857 I published an enumeration of all Caribbean plants known up to
that time; the materials from which this paper was drawn up chiefly con-
sisting of an extensive herbarium collected in the island of Guadaloupe
by Dr. Duchassaing, a Drench physician. At about the same period, Sir
Vt1 . Hooker was exerting himself to procure the publication of a complete
series of Colonial Floras (a vast scientific undertaking which could never be
carried out, except through powerful influence such as he possessed), and
consequently entrusted the elaboration of the present volume to myself, putting
all the materials of the Hookerian Herbarium and the Kew Museums at my
disposal, and procuring a grant of £800 from the British Government to meet
the necessary expenses. As many thousands of dried plants had to be ex-
amined, and new collections were being formed in the colonies while the work
proceeded, the labour was considerable, and eventually occupied more than
six years, uninterruptedly. Four times I went over to England, to compare
my own West Indian herbarium with that at Kew; whilst all those forms
which proved not to be in my possession, were most liberally placed in my
hands to be examined at Gottingen. These and other collections have
now been returned to Kew, with my labels, and will hence be accessible
authorities for the species I have described. For a series of doubtful West
Indian plants mentioned by older authors I have, when sojourning in London,
consulted the Banksian collection of the British Museum, but not to as great
an extent as might have been desirable. All those Swartzian species, how-
ever, which I had no opportunity of seeing there, were kindly sent for inspec-
tion by Professor Andersson, of Stockholm, and these proved most important ;
for the specimens which Swartz has communicated to Willdenow and other
German botanists, are often incorrectly labelled: hence the only authentic
information as to certain Swartzian species is to be derived from his origi-
nals, either in the possession of the Academy of Stockholm, or of the British
Museum.

I he klora of the British West Indies’ is intended to be a synopsis of all
vascular plants as yet known to inhabit the British West Indian possessions.
01 cultivated plants only those are mentioned which are said to be naturalized
in the country. Though reaching beyond the tropics (north lat. 10° to 27°),
the West Indian islands present an entirely tropical character in their vege-
table productions, and the Northern Bahamas in this respect are quite distinct

VI

PREFACE.

from the opposite continental shore of Florida, from which it is separated by
the Gulf-stream ; while Trinidad, lying almost contiguous to the delta ot the
Orinoco partakes of the flora of Venezuela and Guiana. Jamaica again, from
its mountainous character and more distant position,— most ot the Leeward
islands from being wooded volcanos,— and the majority ot tl.e \\ mdward ones,
with a dry climate and a low calcareous soil, torm three divisions ot tins
tropical archipelago, which show as many peculiarities, thus the whole o
the1 British West Indies, as comprised m this liora, may be divided into
live natural sections, each with a distinct botanical character and including
the following islands, the geographical area of which is added accoidmg
to the American Almanac for 1858, and other souices.

I. 27°-21° N. L.
21°

Bahamas .
Turk Islands

English
square miles.
. . 5420

. . 400

II. 19°-18° . . • Jamaica 5470

II 1 Western Caribbean Islands (most Leeward, and
including some of the Windward islands).

qg° Virgin Islands

S. Kitts
Nevis . .

Montserrat
Dominica .

S. Lucia .

S. Vincent . -

Grenada and Grenadillos

IV. Eastern Caribbean Islands (most Windward,
and some Leeward islands).

2g° Anguilla

Barbuda
Antigua

2g° Barbadoes

qq° Tabago .

y . 20° Trinidad

17° •

J) *
16° .
15° .
14°-13°
13° .
12°

17°

140

70

30

50

'290

225

130

155

30

90

100

170

190

2000

Thus the territory comprised may be estimated as amounting to about

of coo scientific pledge of

‘^S^«™cies cod

PREFACE.

Vll

America, and some, even beyond its limits, and that a considerable number of
so-called geographical species must be reduced, is an object of great syste-
matic importance, and this has been the aim which, during my labour, I have
constantly had in view. But another not less obvious task consisted in ar-
ranging the species according to the actual state of botanical science. Almost
all the principal authors who have written on West Indian plants belong to
the last century, and consequently to the Linnaean school, and a general syn-
opsis of West Indian plants has never before been attempted, not even by
Swartz, whose Flora contains descriptions of his new species only, with a
few remarks on allied forms. The first important works were those of Sir
H. Sloane (1696-1725) and of Patrick Browne (1756), both on the flora of
Jamaica : the former, whose collection exists still, and forms one of the trea-
sures of the British Museum, gave many rough drawings ; the latter, a small
number of most elaborate figures. Both are excellent works for their time,
and their drawings are in most cases highly valuable authorities for Linnaean
and Swartzian species. Linnaeus himself (1759) has published a paper on a
small set of Jamaica plants. Plunder’ s works (1693-1760), with their exag-
gerated sketches (not published in accurate conformity with the original
drawings, which may be consulted at Paris, and are said to be more valuable),
referring chiefly to Haiti, and being devoid of original descriptions, are less
useful to the student of our flora. Baron Jacquin, the Austrian, and
01. Swartz, the Swedish botanist, are the fundamental authors on the vege-
table productions of the British West Indies; both had the advantage, which
I had not, of collecting their specimens in the country, and many of their de-
scriptions have been taken from the living plants. Of the British islands,
Jacquin (1754-1759) visited Jamaica, S. Kitts, S. Vincent, and Grenada.
Avnong his numerous monographic publications, the rare coloured edition of
his ‘Historia Selectarum Stirpium Americanarum’ ( 1 7 S 0) contains 264 tables,
and, being far superior to his former work on American botany (1763), is
constantly quoted in our volume (Jacq. Piet.). Swartz was in Jamaica,
Haiti, and in a few of the lesser Antilles (1784-1789). In his ‘Flora In-
diae Occidentals ’ (1797-1806) he describes 835 vascular plants, viz. about
one-fourth of the number of species which I have enumerated. The American
plants, described by Vahl in his ‘Eclogrn Americans’ (1796-1798), and
other contributions, are not numerous, and often identical with those of
Swartz : in a few cases, from want of original specimens, they could not be
identified.

t _^uch less important are the publications of the present century. Tussac’s
Flora Antillarum (180 S— 1 827) contains 138 coloured plates of Haiti plants,
the majority of which had already been figured. Of Lunau’s ‘ llortus
Jamaicensis (1814) and Descourtilz’ ‘Flore Medicale des Antilles’ (1821—
1829), the former is a mere compilation, and the latter a series of execrable
c lmfly copied drawings ; both of little or no scientific value. Hamilton’s
irodromus Plantarum Indiae Occidentalis ’ (1825) is a pamphlet on certain
new oi doubtful species, but which for the most part cannot be identified,
ay cock 3 ‘ Flora Barbadensis ’ (1830) is a compendious list of Barbadoes
s> which I have omitted to quote, being not sufficiently informed on the
authenticity of the determinations. Macfadyen’s ‘Flora of' Jamaica’ (1837)

PREFACE.

VIU

was interrupted by tlie author’s death : only the first part and a few sheets of
the second were printed, reaching, according to the Candollean system, from
Ranunculacete to Melastomacese. The Hookerian Herbarium aflorded me
an opportunity of comparing his originals and some ot his manuscripts.

Thus, of no part of the British West Indies has a tolerably complete Flora
ever been published since the time of P. Browne, and on a large number
of species occurring in these islands, general systematic works and periodical
literature are the ouly sources of information. A. Richard’s ‘ Flora of Cuba’
(1838-1853), compiled from Ramon de la Sagra’s and Linden’s materials,
is so incomplete, that in other collections sent from that large island, e. g.
in those of Rugel and C. Wright, there occur nearly thrice as many species.

I much regret that I only very lately succeeded in procuring the Spanish
folio edition of Richard’s work (printed about 1850), all the remaining copies
of which, as the publisher told me at Paris, were carried to Spain by Ramon
de la Sagra. Thus my quotations refer to the first volume of the French
edition in octavo, comprising only the Polypetalous Orders (1845), the second
volume never having been printed ; but 1 have been enabled to identity most
of Richard’s new species from the plates, or from Linden’s original specimens.

At the end of the volume I have given a list of the botanists and collectors
to whom my materials of the Flora of the British West Indies aie due.
From these specimens almost all the descriptive details have been drawn up ,
and it is but rarely that I have copied from other authors, or from the labels
of the collector, marking quotations by inverted commas, or adding as lor
manuscript notes my authority in a parenthesis ( ).*

The British Museum is particularly rich in old collections : those ot bieber
I consulted in the- Hookerian Flerbarium, and in Dr. Sonder’s and my own
herbarium, whilst, for the inspection of many of Bartero s plants, belonging
to the Wurzburg Museum, I am indebted to Professor Scheur. The large
bulk of West Indian plants at Kew consists of the collections of modern ex-
plorers, of whom the majority, however, are no longer living. Three zealous
correspondents have died during the publication of the work : Mr. Flsey,
shortly after his arrival in the island of St. Kitts, where lie had begun to col-
lect for mv Flora ; the two others in the year of its termination, both ot them
my German countrymen, Dr. Crueger, the late Director of the Botanic ai-
den of Trinidad, and the Rev. Mi'. Wullschlaegel, of Herrnhut, the former ot
whom had contributed the duplicates of his Trinidad Herbal lum, ie a ei
an extensive and highly valuable collection, the entire produce of Ins botanical
pursuits at the missionary stations in Antigua and Western Jamaica, ibe
principal Jamaica collections of the Kew Herbarium were made by Macfadyen
Purdie, M'Nab, Distan, and Dr. Alexander Prior (to whom I am also indebted
for giving me the greatest facilities for consulting Ins rich private herbal mm),
by Mr. Wilson, the Director of the Colonial Botanic Garden, and by Mi.
Marsh, a resident of the island, both of whom have sent ample materials
during the publication of this Flora. From the Bahamas a group of islands
which promises still many novelties, Swainson’s tolerably rich unpublished

* 'thus for accuracy generally I alone am responsible, though for many unavoidable im-
perfections of L work, I beg to take into account the usual state of dry specimens collected

in a tropical climate.

PREFACE.

IX

collection proved very interesting, and lately Mr. Hjalmarsson has sent some
new materials from the Turk Islands. The Caribbean Archipelago is repre-
sented in the Kew Herbarium by several minor collections, but especially
by the extensive communications of Dr. Imray, of Dominica, and by the en-
tire collection of Eev. Mr. Guilding, of St. Vincent. The principal Trinidad
Herbaria to which I had access, were those of Sieber, Lockhart, De Schacli,
Lane, Purdie, and Crueger.

On the geographical range of the West Indian plants (including Cuba),
I am preparing a special paper, but the materials for such an inquiry have
been added in brackets at the end of the habitat of every species, as far as it
is known to proceed beyond the limits of the British islands. These facts
were chiefly collected by careful comparison of specimens from other localities,
whilst studying the West Indian plants in the Kew Herbarium (the largest
stock of phyto-geographical materials in the world), and as often as I could
verify the identity of a species from different countries, I have added the
usual sign (!).

As for the classification of species into genera, and of genera into Natural
Orders, I have followed generally received principles. But the series or ar-
rangement of Orders adopted in this volume may be censured with apparent
justice, as not being in conformity with the other colonial Dloras since pub-
lished. I must, however, remark that the publication of the West Indian
Plora began before any other (1859), and that at that time, as is known from
the systems of De Candolle, Endlicher, and Lindley, no one series of Orders
was universally adopted. It must further be taken into account that the
authors of Floras, though mostly following the Candollean series, habitually
admit certain deviations from it according to natural affinity, as for instance,
Dr. Asa Gray has in his North American, and Mr. Bentham in his ‘ British
Flora,’ and that my own series of Dicotyledonous Orders is nearly in con-
formity with De Candolle’s £ Prodromus,’ except in giving up the Apetalous
division, and in arranging the Apetalous plants (as has been considered ad-
visable by many authors before me), next to those Orders which I considered
moie 01 less allied. This is not a convenient place to discuss this principle,
and as no reader can get a sufficient knowledge of the natural classification
of plants without studying general works on botany, I abstain from dwelling
here any longer on such a disputable point as the merits of one or the other
series of Natural Orders ; referring those who desire information about my
arrangement to a paper on the subject (‘ Grundriss der Systematischen Bo-
tamk,’ 1854). But to meet the objection of incongruity in this respect be-
tween the different colonial Floras, I prefix a table of the Orders, arranged
more m conformity with the Candollean series of Dicotyledones.

Finally, I take this opportunity of expressing my sincere obligations to all
those who have favoured and patronized the edition of this Flora, and in par-
ticular to Sir W. Hooker, who has been the real founder and supporter of the
rvoik, and to Dr. J. D. Hooker, without whose constant assistance in over-
ooking the press and advising me on certain scientific and editorial subjects,
it could never have been completed.

Gottingen , 26 th June, 1864.

A. II. E. Grisebach.

TABULAR ARRANGEMENT

03? THE

NATURAL ORDERS, ACCORDING TO TYPICAL, VIZ.. NOT
UNEXCEPTIONAL CHARACTERS.

Uicotyledones. First leaves of the embryo opposite. Ovary closed.
I. Thalahistemones. Petals distinct. Stamens inserted into the toms.

A. Ovaries distinct.

1. Panunculacece (page 1). Sepals deciduous. Leaves dotless, not aromatic.

2. Dilleniacece (p. 2). Sepals persistent. Seeds anllate.

3. Magnoliacece (p. 3). Sepals deciduous. Leaves aromatic, usually stipulate.
4 Anonacece (p. 3). Albumen ruminate. Leaves aromatic, without stipules.
5’ Menispermecc (p. 9). Flowers unisexual. Stamens opposite to the corolla.

0. Nymphaacece (p. 11). Embryo separated by a sac from the amylaceous

Water-plants. , _ , .

7. Nelwnbonece (p. 12). Seeds exalbuminous. Water-plants.

Scandent

albumen.

B. Ovary with parietal placentas.

8 Papaveracece (p. 12). Sepals 2-3. Albumen copious, including the minute embryo.

9 Crucifer a (p. 13). Sepals 4. Stamens tetradynamous. No albumen.

10 ' Canmridere (v 15)- Sepals 4. Stamens co -6. No albumen.

S’. Sea (p. 20). Torus with a disk. Albumen fleshy, including an embryo with
foliaceous cotyledons.

12. Violacea (p. 25). Stamens 5 : the

fleshy, including the embryo.

13. Sauvagesiece (p. 112). Fertile stamens

14. 2),idacLt(p.T6)!yCalyx 3-partite. Albumen copious, including the minute embryo.

Glanduliferous herbs. Marcgraaviaceie (p. 109), Hyperici-

anther exceeded by the connective. Albumen
5, the sterile exterior. Albumen fleshy, in-

uiimuiuuciuuo ubiuo. _ ....

rCf. Caryophvllero (p. 54), Canillaceie (p. 108), Marcgvaayi
nere (p. 110), Passillorea; (p. 290), Turneracete (p. 2Jb).J

C. Ovary 2(-l )-celled : ovules single, pendulous.

15. Polygalea> (p. 27)- Flowers asymmetrical.

[Ch Euphorbiacese (p. 31).]

D. Ovary 1-celled, with a central, free placenta, or several-celled.

16. Caryophyllea i (p. 54). Embryo excentrical : albumen amylaceous.

TABULAR ARRANGEMENT OF NATURAL ORDELIS.

XI

E. Ovary several-celled : placentas in the axis.
a. Calyx valvate.

17. Malvaceae (p. 71). Stamens 00, monadelphous : anthers 1-celled.

18. Bombacece (p. 87). Staminal column divided into parcels : anthers 1-celled.

19. Sterculiacece (p. 89). Stamens monadelphous: anthers 2-celled. Flowers unisexual,

apetalous.

20. Bnettneriacece (p. 90). Stamens monadelphous : anthers 2-celled. Flowers complete.

21. Tiliacece (p. 95). Stamens co, distinct: anthers 2-celled.

b. Calyx imbricative.

aa. Sepals 2-pluriserial, or passing into bractlets. Stamens co (-10).

22. Temstroemiacece (p. 103). Style simple or lobed. Leaves alternate.

23. Guttiferee (p. 108). Stigmas sessile, or styles distinct. Flowers polygamous. Leaves

opposite, shining.

24. Canillacece (p. 108). Stamens forming a tubular column ; anthers 20-10, extrorse.

Leaves alternate.

25. Marcgraaviacece (p. 109). Stigmas sessile. Leaves alternate ; bracts cucullate.

26. Rypericinece (p. 110). Styles usually distinct. Leaves opposite, dotted.

[Cf. Oclmaceie (p. 104).]

bb. Calyx uniserial. Stamens 10 or less (-00).

27. Erythroxylece (p. 113). Petals bearing internally a double scale. Stamens monadel-

phous, 10.

28. Malpighiacece (p. 114). Calyx usually with 8-10 glands on the outside. Petals

clawed.

29. Sapinclacece (p. 122). Sepals 5-4. Stamens distinct, usually 8.

30. Staphyleacea (p. 128). Sepals 5. Stamens distinct, 5.

31. Meliacex (p. 128). Stamens monadelphous nearly to the anthers. Style simple.

32. Aurantiacece (p. 131). Stamens polyadelphous in the West Indian genus. Ovary en-

tire ; style simple.

33. Geraniacex (p. 132). Stamens monadelphous, fertile, 10 or less. Styles adnate to the

axis, at length distinct.

34. Oxalidece (p. 132). Petals contorted. Styles distinct, 5.

35. Zygophyllea: (p. 134). Stamens distinct. Leaves opposite, compound, stipulate.

36. Rutacece (p. 134). Stamens distinct. Ovaries more or less distinct above. Leaves

usually exstipulale, often dotted.

37. Ochnacea (p. 104). Anthers long, opening with pores. Leaves shining.

[Cf. Euphorbiaceee (p. 31), Phytolacceae (p. 58), Erieese (p. 141), Cyrilles (p. 145).]

F. Ovary simple, 1-celled or divided by tissue; ovules feiv, hanging from
a central placenta, or the summit of the cell.

38. Olacinea (p. 309). Petals valvate, often internally villous.

- G-. Ovary 2- several celled ; ovules 2-1 in each cell, ascending.

39. Ampitidem (p. 102). Stamens opposite to the valvate petals.

[Cf. Ilicinese (p. 146) ; ovules peudulous.]

Calycostemones. Stamens or petals inserted into the calyx.

A. Ovary several-celled, superior ( except in some Rhamneae) ; ovules 1-2 in each cell.

Leaves simple.

40. Celastrinece (p. 145). Stamens alternate to the petals. Ovules usual!)' erect.

41. Ilicinete (p. 146). Stamens alternate to the petals. Ovules peuduious. Albumen

copious, including the minute embryo.

42. IJipponrateacece (p. 148). Stamcus 3 ; petals 5 ; ovules ascending.

43. Chailleliacece (p. 149). Stamens alternate to the petals. Ovules peudulous.

hamncai (p. 99). Stamens alternate to the valvate calyx-lobes. Ovules erect.

Xll

TABULAR ARRANGEMENT OF NATURAL ORDERS.

B. Ovary several- celled, or simple ; ovules 1—2 in each cell. Leaves usually

compound.

45. Terebinthaceae (p. 173). No albumen.

C. Ovaries single, or distinct, free. No albumen.

46. Leguminosce (p. 177). Carpel single ; fruit leguminous.

47. Connaracece (p. 228). Carpels 5—1; fruit follicular.

48. Chrysobalanece (p. 229). Carpel single ; style suprabasilar ; fruit drupaceous.

49. Rosacece (p. 231). Carpels oo-l. Flowers symmetrical.

D. Ovary several-celled ( simple in Combretacem) ; style simple. Calyx valvate.

No albumen.

50. Myrtacece (p. 232). Stamens usually co. Ovary inferior. Leaves entire..

51. Melastomacece (p. 243). Stamens definite, indexed in the bud. Ovary inferior, or

adhering by lines. Leaves curve-ribbed, opposite.

52. Lythrariece (p. 269). Stamens definite. Ovary superior.

53. OnagrariecB (p. 271). Stamens definite. Ovary inferior.

54. Rhizophorece (p. 274). Ovary-cells with definite, hanging ovules. Leaves opposite;

stipules interpetiolar. . ... .

55. Combretacece (p. 274). Ovary simple, inferior; ovules few, hanging. Leaves without

stipules.

E. Ovary with parietal placentas.

56. Cucurbitacece (p. 286). Ovary inferior, usually divided by the 3 placentas; stigmas

distinct. No albumen. Stem seandent by tendrils. . _

57. Payayacece (p. 289). Ovary superior ; placentas 5 ; stigmas distinct. Seeds albumi-

nous. Trees. . . „ , ..

58. Passiilorets (p. 290). Ovary superior ; stigmas distinct. Seeds albuminous.

59. Turneracece (p. 297). Petals inserted into the calyx, stameus into the torus.

60. Homalinece (p. 298). Stamens alternate to or fascicled alternately with the calyx-seg-

rnents. _ . .. . , .

61. Loasece (p. 298). Ovary inferior ; style simple. Down of stinging hairs.

62. Cactece (p. 300). Sepals, petals, and stamens co. Succulent plants.

[Cf. Bixiuem (p. 20).]

F. Ovaries distinct or connected, with the styles usually distinct. Seeds small, co.

63 Crassulacece (p. 303). Carpels as many as the petals, free. Leaves succulent.

64. Saxifragece (p. 303). Ovary usually 2-celled. Albumen copious, including a small

embryo.

[Cf. Oaryophyllese (p. 54).]

G Ovaru inferior, 2- many-celled, mth the styles distinct or combined ; ovules single
in each cell, pendulous. Calyx-limb reduced. Seeds albuminous ; embryo minute.

65. Araliacece (p. 305). Pericarp fleshy.

66. Umbelliferee (p. 307). Carpels 2, dry in fruit, at length distinct.

H. Ovary simple, cohering to the reduced 3-1 ovules.

67. Lorantliacece (p. 311). Shrubby parasites.

III. Petaxostehones. Petals cohering. Stamens usually inserted into the corolla.
A. Ovary inferior. Stigma naJced.

& ST&rt-S&l,*™ u» whMl do.*,«d...d U» »t

[Cf' Ericero^p. 141), Gesneriace® (p.459).]

TABULAR ARRANGEMENT OF NATURAL ORDERS.

Xlll

B. Ovary inferior, simple, 1 -ovulate ; stigmas with collecting hairs.

70. Synantherece (p. 352). Anthers connected. Flowers in involuerate heads.

C. Ovary inferior, sever al-celled ; ovules oo ; stigmas with collecting hairs.

71. Lobeliacem (p. 385). Corolla asymmetrical.

72. Goodenovieee ( p.388). Corolla asymmetrical. Stigma indusiate.

73. Campanulacece (p. 388). Corolla symmetrical.

[Cf. Cucurbitacesc (p. 286).]

D. Ovary superior. Stamens inserted into the torus.

74. Ericece (p. 141). Ovules oo in the ovary-cells.

75. Oyrillece (p. 145). Ovules single in the ovary-cells.

E. Ovary superior. Stamens inserted into the corolla, opposite to its lobes. Placenta

central, free.

76. Primu/acece (p, 390). Corolla symmetrical. Pericarp capsular.

77. lentilulariece (p. 390). Corolla 2-lipped ; stamens 2. Pericarp capsular.

78. Myrsinete (p. 392). Corolla symmetrical. Pericarp fleshy.

[Cf. Olacinese (p. 309).]

F . Ovary superior. Stamens inserted into the corolla, exceeding in number its lobes'1

or the fertile ones opposite to them.

79. Sapotece (p. 397). Ovules single in the ovary-cells; style simple.

80. Styracece (p. 402). Ovules oo-several in the ovary-cells ; style simple.

81. Ebenacece (p. 404). Ovules 1-2 in the ovary-cells, hanging; style divided.

[Cf. Papayaceae (p. 289), Crassulaceae (p. 303).]

G. Ovary superior. Stamens inserted into the corolla, as many as its lobes or less.

a. Corolla symmetrical.

82. O/ineai (p. 404). Stamens 2 (-4). Ovary 2-celled ; ovules 2 in each cell, hanging

83. Jasmine (B (p. 406). Stamens 2. Ovary 2-celled; ovules single (or few) in each cell

ascending. 5

84. Apocynece (p. 406). Stamens 5. Ovaries 2, connected by the stigma, or ovarv 2-

celled. Corolla usually contorted. "

85. Asclepiadeas (p. 416). Stamens 5. Ovaries 2, connected by the indusiate stigma

Pollen in masses. b

86. Gentianece (p. 422). Stamens 5-4. Ovary with 2 parietal placentas. Corolla usuallv

contorted. 3

■ 87. Convolvulacea (p. 466). Stamens 5-4. Ovary usually 2-4-celled ; ovules of each
carpel 2-1, erect. Sepals usually distinct.

88. Hydroleacece (p. 476). Stamens 5 Ovary 2-3-eelled ; ovules oo ; styles distinct.

8. . Bor agin em (p. 4/7). Stamens usually 5. Ovary lobed, 4-celled; ovules single in each
cell, hanging. Inflorescence gyrate.

90. Solanece (p. 431). Stamens 5-4. Ovary 2-celled; placentas axile, many-ovulate.
Inflorescence cymose, extra-axillary. 1

[Cf. Ilicineae (p. 146), Rubiaccec (p. 316), Scrophularineai (p. 431).]

b. Corolla asymmetrical, usually 2-lipped.

9L ScroP^“™e* (P- 431). Ovary 2-celled; placentas axile, many-ovulate. Seeds al-

92. 444)- 0vary 2-celled; placentas 2; ovules oo, distant from the axis.

“?hbu”7,2"1'oe“'a- •"»*'» ““"J ■»

94. Gesncriacece (p. 459). Ovary with 2 parietal placentas.

V°’ men* P’ 486)’ 0Vai7 lobed’ 4'0elIed : ovulcs sinKle each cell, erect. No albu-

XIV

TABULAR ARRANGEMENT OF NATURAL ORDERS.

Ovary simple ;

96. Verbenaceee (p. 492). Ovary entire; ovules single in each cell No ^u“e”;

97. Myoporinece (p. 492). Ovary entire ; ovules actuate in each cell. Seeds albuminous.

|Of. Rutaeeoe (p. 134).]

IV. MoNOCHLAMYDEiE. Flowers apetalous, or incomplete.

A. Calyx scarious, inferior.

qo Plantaainece (p 389). Stamens alternate to the lobes of the involucellate calyx.
tl (p. 389). Stamens alternate to the lobe, ot the e.lyx, oppos.te to a eo-

rolla-like crown. Ovary simple ; style-branches 5.

[Cf. Amarantacese (p. 61).]

B. Calyx inferior (rarely none). Albumen amylaceous; embryo usually excenincal.

inn Plivtolaccece (p. 58). Ovaries distinct above or single ; a single ovule in each carpel
IS?! S;r(i. 59). Ovary simple (rarely 4-celled), with a div.ded style; ovule

102. simple. Cal?x ™°luceUate’ free from the °PP°Slte

103. Nyctaginece (p. 69). Ovary simple ; style ,^aly: ^vukshigle6 Calyx usually

104. Polygonece (p. 161). Ovary simple with a divided style , ovule sing . )

coloured. Leaves ochreate.

[Cf. Caryopbylleoe (p. 54).]

C. Calyx inferior , or none. Albumen none , or fleshy.

105. Laurinece (p. 279). Calyx imbricative. Anthers dehiscent by valves.

tot. Ovaries disti.et, -. Enrb„. minute in the

110 12). <>"* N“

111 ^tS’^Sl). Viewers unisexual. Oww, usmrUy S-eelied t .vde. 1-2 in

U8. Ovary simple ; ovule single t stigma.

usually distinct. . , gn, cfP1.pnlincea! fn 89), Tiliacece (p. 95),

[0L— if; Chiysohalanem (p. 220), PassiHore. (p. 200),

Olinese (p. 404).]

D. Ovary inferior. Flowers not amentaceous.

113. An.toU eW« £S&S£i in 3 .

U*- r?rSSi’(P laS), oZ™)L (P- 211), Combretacete (p. 274), Loranth.eem
(p. 311).]

E. Ovary inferior or naked. Flowers on a spac ix.

115. Balanophorece (p. 309). Flowers unisexual. Ovary simple. Aphyllouspa.as.es.

F Floioers amentaceous, at least in S .

1,0. Ju,U,3,. (p. 170).' Drape l-seaded. Embry, with abfr.etne.e.sim.at. e.tyiedon. t

no albumen. Leaves compound. -,lhnmen Leaves simple.

117. Amentacea (p. 177). Seeds albuminous. Leaves opposite.

lio. fSZ I S H— •

!UOi -*-*''•* II

Seeds albuminous.

TABULAE ARRANGEMENT OE NATURAL ORDERS.

XV

120. Saliceee (p. 112). Ovary with parietal placentas, naked. Seeds woolly ; no albumen.

121. Piperacece (p. 164). Ovary simple, naked. Embryo separated by a sac from the

amylaceous albumen.

122. Chloranthew (p. 172). Ovary simple, naked. Embryo in the top of fleshy albumen.
Gymnospermse. First leaves of the embryo opposite or whorled. Ovary open.

123. Conferee (p. 503). Trunk branched. Leaves entire.

124. Cycadece (p. 504). Trunk simple. Leaves pinnate.

Monocotyledones. First leaf of the embryo single.

A. Seeds devoid of albumen. Fmbryo hollow above.

125. A/ismacece (p. 505). Flowers corollate. Ovaries distinct, superior.

126. Hydrocharidea (p. 506). Flowers corollate. Ovary inferior.

127. Najadeee (p. 506). Flowers apetalous or naked.

[Of. Aroidese (p. 307).]

B. Seeds albuminous. Flowers on a spadix.

128. Aroidcte (p. 507). Spadix supported by a spathe.

129. Typhacea (p. o!2). Spadices 2— several, one above the other.

130. Pandaneee (p. 513). Spadix supported by spathes. Leaves at the summit of the

trunk.

131. Pahnce (p. 513). Spadix supported by spathes. Embryo in a special cavity of the

albumen. Leaves at the summit of the trunk, usually divided.

C. Fmbryo in a special operculate cavity of the amylaceous albumen.

132. Commelynece (p. 523). Flowers corollate.

D. Fmbryo on the outside of amylaceous albumen.

133. Xyrideee (p. 525). Flowers corollate.

134. Restiacece (p. 526). Flowers glumaceous. Ovary single in the ovary-cells.

13o. Flowers enclosed by glumaceous bracts. Ovary simple; ovule

E. Fmbryo included in amylaceous albumen. Flowers naked or glumaceous.

136. Cyperacem (p. 562). Flowers enclosed by glumaceous bracts. Ovary simple ■ ovule

single, erect. 1 ’

137. Juncem (p. 581). Calyx glumaceous. Capsule many-3-seeded.

F. Fmbryo included in fleshy corneous albumen. Perigone coloured.
loo' Iflla,ce<E (P- 5®T)‘ lowers hermaphrodite. Pericarp capsular.

140 KnZT {f' kS< mriCarp USUally flcshy' 0va,T superior. Albumen corneous.
II? D/oscorecB (P* 586). Flowers unisexual. Ovary inferior.

141' (P- 589). Flowers hermaphrodite. Stamens 3, alternate to the inner peri-
gone. Ovary inferior. 1

G. Fmbryo included in amylaceous albumen. Perigone coloured.

142. 589). Perigone uniserial, of 6 divisions. Stamens 6-3. Leaves

U3. Perigone a.ymmctrM, of 6 division., Stamens 6-3, no.

H4. Bwmeliace* (p. 590). Perigone biserial, of 3 exterior and 3 interior divisions. Sta-

145, »'»

06. biserial, of 3 exterior and asymmetrical interior divi-

XVI

TABULAR ARRANGEMENT OF NATURAL ORDERS.

H. Embryo solid ; no albumen. Perigone coloured , superior.

147. Burmanniacece (p. 605). Perigone symmetrical. Stamens 3.

148. Orchidecc (p. 606). Perigone asymmetrical. Fertile stamen 1, gynandrous ; pollen

in masses.

Cryptogams vasculares. Propagation by simple cells ( spores), impregnation by an-

iheridia (not by pollen).

149. Rhizocarpece (p. 644). Sporangia included in conceptacula. Aquatic herbs.

150. Lycopodiaceee (p. 645). Sporangia axillary.

151. Equisetacece (p. 648).' Sporangia at the under side of peltate scales, the latter in

terminal cones.

152. Filices (p. 648). Sporangia in sori at the under side of the leaves.

FLORA

OF THE

BRITISH WEST INDIAN ISLANDS.

♦

DICOTYLEDONS.

I. RANUNCULACEAE.

Flower-organs distinct from each other, the two inner whorls usually indefinite. Anthers
adnate : cells extrorse or lateral. Embryo minute, included in the top of the endosperm.
— Leaves sheathing, mostly dissected, without stipules.

The sap contains an acrid, volatile principle, and alkaloids occur in the tribe of Hellebores.
The Negroes bruise the leaves of Clematis dioica and apply it as a blister. {Pd.)

1. CLEMATIS, L.

Sepals corolline, valvate, 4 (-8). Petals none. Achenia numerous, sessile, beaked by
the elongated style. — Vines {rarely erect herbs), climbing by the petioles ; leaves opposite.

1. C. dioica, I. Climbing, pubescent or glabrescent ; leaves ternately divided : seg-

ments ovate, entire; panicles polygamous; sepals cuneate-oblong, spreading, downy;
carpels ellipsoidal, tapering into the long, plumose tail. — SI. t. 128. f. 1 ; Rich. Cub. t. 1. —
C. americana, Mill. C. dominica, Lam. C. glabra, JDC. C. havanensis, Kill. C. pallida
and Catesbyana, Rich. Cub. {non Pursh). C. acapulcensis, H.A. ! : a form with shaggy car-
pels. C. discolor, Gardn. / : a form with the leaves downy beneath. — A shrubby climber ;
leaf-segments lR'-2" long, variable ; sepals long, whitish ; carpels usually large, 2'"

-3"' long. — Hab. Jamaica I, Mac/., List., Prd., Alex., common on the lower hills ; Domi-
nical, hnray ; [Cuba ! and Mexico ! to the southern tropic in Brazil 1].

2. C. caripensis, Kill. Climbing, glabrescent ; leaves pinnatisect, or the divisions of
the ternatisect petiole pinnatisect : segments usually 5, ovate, entire, glabrous ; panicles
dicecious, puberulous ; sepals “oblong, pubescent carpels ellipsoidal or elliptical-lanceolate.
—V ery similar to the preceding species, and not less widely distributed through the Con-
tinent.— Hab. Trinidad!, Cr. ; [Central America 1 to Brazil 1].

2*. RANUNCULUS, L.

Petals 5 (-15), with a nectariferous spot. Seed solitary, erect. — Herbs.

3*- R- repens, L. Perennial ; stem furrowed at the top, branched ; leaves tripartite :
segments cuneate, incisely toothed ; calyx spreading (or reflexed) ; carpels rounded, glabrous,
marginate, beaked by the subulate, recurved or straightish style. — llchb . Ic. Germ. 3. t. 20.
— Petals yellow.

&. tropicus. Calyx reflexed; petals 5-10; beak of carpels straightish. — R. pnemorsus
and Bonplandiauus, Klh. R. repens, Macf. I The Jamaica form, which, though growing
on the highest mountains, Macfadyeu expressly mentions as introduced and escaped from a
garden, is quite identical with various specimens from the Andes (viz. R. pnemorsus, from
Quito: Benth. PI. Hartw. n. 875 ; the same from Peru ; It. Bonplandianus from Bogota :

B

1

2

D1LLENIACE7E.

Ooudot)-, but tbe differences from the European type, considerable as they appear, are
more or less annihilated by the comparison of the variable states of the North American
plant, as detined by Asa Gray, thus exhibiting a remarkable instance of a climatic variety.
The large, marginate, somewhat dotted achenia, aud the size of their beak, are the same in
all forms of the species ; the number of petals increases usually in the R. repens of Texas.
The beak becomes straiglitish in the common form of the United States, and the only diffe-
rence between the var. tropicus and the var. marylandicus or other forms of North America,
would consist in the usually reflexed calyx. — Had. Jamaica !, Macf ., on the Blue Mountains,
elev. 5000' ; [Andes of S. America I, on alpine pastures].

4*. R. parviflorus, L. Subdecumbent, villous ; leaves roundish, 3-5-lobed ; calyx
at length reflexed, equalling the petals ; carpels roundish, marginate, tuberculate, with a
short, usually hooked beak: margin acute. — Rclib.Ic. Germ. 3. t. 22. — Hab. Jamaica
Macf., naturalized on elevated pastures ; [Europe!, Levant !, S. U. States !, California.].

II. DILLENIACEiE.

Flower-organs distinct from each other. Sepals persistent. Seeds arillate : embryo mi-
nute, included in the top of the endosperm. — Leaves penninerved, not divided. Stem m
the West Indian genera woody, . ......

The leaves of the Delimece (which is the tribe of the Order, represented in America) are
usually rough with asperities (not with hairs), and used for polishing, as those of Curaiella.
No properties but the astringent principle are known.

1. TETRACERA, L.

Sepals 5, one exterior, two interior, subvalvate, not exceeding the outer ones. Stamens
indefinite : anther-cells minute, divergent. Carpels 2-5 (-1), follicular : seeds 1-5. Shrubs,
usually scandent ; panicle terminal or lateral.

1. T. volubilis, L. {ex syn. Plulcn.). Leaves rough, obovate, serrate: serratures re-
mote, terminating the 8-16 equidistant veins, decreasing towards the leaf-base; panicle
loose’: branches racemiform; flowers polygamous ; sepals obovate, silky on the inner side ;
carpels one-seeded.— Plulcn. Aim. t. 146./. 1; Desc. FI. 7. t. 459; Rich. Cub. t. 4.— 1.
Pocppigiana, Schlecht. I T. jamaicensis, DC. ex Macf. Tigarea aspera, Lesc. Lmnteus
confounded several plants under the above name; but his observation on Plukenet.s figure
shows that be had Schleehtendal’s species in view, which, according to Herb. Hook-., is me l .
volubilis, L. fil. and Sm. This is the only Dilleniacea in Macfadyen’s Elora, and sent by him
to Sir W. Hooker ; but his description and locality also apply to Davilla sunnamensis, which,
he confounded with it. Hence what he says of the leaves and the fruit belong to this,
while he describes the calyx of Davilla— LIab. Jamaica!, Macf, in woods; Larbadoes;
[Cuba ! and Mexico ! to Rio Janeiro !].

2 T ovalifolia, DC. Leaves rough, obovate or obovate-oblong, entire, retuse or mu-
cronate • veins equidistant, 8-12, prominent beneath; panicle loose: branches short, race-
miform- flowers polygamous; sepals roundish, pubescent and ciliate; carpels one-seeded .
arillus large, laciniate — Deless. Ic. 1. t. 68.— T. asperula, Miq.-k scandent shrub, similar
to the preceding, aud variable in the form of its leaves, but without any serratures.— Hab.
Trinidad!, Cr. ; [Guiana!].

2. DAVILLA, Vand.

Semis 5, two exterior, two interior, subvalvate, excrescent, much exceeding the three
outer ones, aud enclosing the fruit. Stamens indefinite : auther-cells niiuute, divergent
Carpels 1 (-3) : stigma peltate. Follicle single, rupturing, one-seeded (by aboition ot a
second ovule).— Scandent shrubs; panicles terminal and axillary, flowers yellow.

3. 0. rujrosa, Poir. Leaves rough, ovate-oblong, subentire or repnnd: petiole margi-

downy inner sepals

AN0NACE2E.

3

cence lateral on account of the further development of the climbing stem. — A scandent shrub :
the leaves are more oblongate than in Tetrcicera volubilis, and though veined in a similar
way, the serratures are obsolete, or entirely wanting. — Hab. Jamaica !, Mac/., Alex., in
woods, e.g. S. Thomas in the Vale; Trinidad!, Or.; [S. Thomas!, Guiana!, Brazil],

3. CURATELLA, L.

Sepals 4-5, two exterior not exceeded by the inner ones. Stamens indefinite : anther-cells
shortly linear, divergent. Carpels 2, hispid, cohering at the base on the inner side, follicu-
lar : seeds 2. — A tortuous, low tree; leaves rough , stiff and papery ; flowers white, arranged
in lateral, compound racemes.

4. C. americana, L. — Aaibl. t. 232. Stem usually 8-10' high, but there occur dwarfish
shrub-forms, scarcely 2' high ; leaves oval, crenate or repand, very rough on the upper side ;
limb produced along the top of the petiole; flowers of a disagreeable smell. — Hab. Trini-
dad!, Cr.; [Panama! to Brazil!, Isla de Pinos, near Cuba].

4. DOLIOCARPUS, Hot.

Sepals 5. Stamens indefinite : anther-cells minute, divergent. Carpel 1. Pericarp
baccate: seeds 1-2, ascending. — Shrubs usually scandent; leaves without asperities ; flowers
fascicled, lateral.

5. D. semidentatus, Garcke ! Leaves elliptical or elliptical-oblong, pointleted, ser-
rate above the middle, with the serratures mucronate, and terminating the primary veins,
glabrous and polished above, hairy beneath (at least on the ribs) : primary veins 12-16, pro-
minent beneath \ floioer-fascicles equalling the petiole, hairy ; sepals subequal ; berry globose,
glabrous.— Tetracera cuspidata, Mey. ! Delima dasyphylla, Miq. — A scandent shrub” leaves
leathery (usually 6" long).— Hab. Trinidad !, Cr. ; [Panama !, Guiana !].

6. B. Calinea, Gmel. Leaves oblong, pointed, subentire, glabrous, or with a few ap-
pressed hairs on the ribs beneath ; primary veins 6-8, prominent beneath ; flowers densely
glomerate; pedicels hairy, exceeded by the petiole; sepals 5, two exterior smaller; berry
globose, glabrous. — Aubl. t. 221. — D. brevipedicellatus, Garcke!: with larger serratures
above the middle.— A scandent shrub ; leaves (3"-4" long) either quite entire, or with a few
serratures above the middle, shining beneath, with the secondary veins prominulous ; petiole
4'"_2'" long; flowers white, polygamous; three larger sepals rounded (l->-"' diam.), riabrous
— Hab. Trinidad !, Cr. ; [Guiana !, Para !].

III. MAGNOLIACE2E.

Flower-organs distinct from each other; outer whorls arranged in a ternary order
Sepals deciduous. Embryo minute, included in the top of the endosperm.— Leaves entire
minutely dotted, mostly with caducous, sheathing stipules. ’

inake'us^of r«LtrCtCliZCd ^ ar0mati° pr0I,el'ties’ and for these the Colonial physicians

1. TALATJMA, Juss.

l .colour.ed; 1>clals c“12- Stamens indefinite. Carpels 1-2-seedcd, spicale at

length cohering and forming a strobile, which opens by the irregular rupture of its carpcliary
covering— High trees; leaves coriaceous ; flowers large, terminal, solitary.

therW Plu?ieri’ Le™e\ oval-°bl°ng, glabrous ; petals 10-12 ; strobile ovoid, with
e rhachis (retaining the seeds) deeply excavated: carpels ovate, bluntish. —JDesc. Ft. 2. 1.

' ' , \ laFn°lli‘* Sw- ■ A- tree, often 80 high ; leaves variable in breadth (5"-3", length 6")

in wfnl°rph<f|r y CUn 1 ther^Be; petals Whitc’ °dorous.-I-lAB. Dominica!, S. Lucia !,’
in woods, chiefly on nverbanks; [French Caribb. Is].].

IV. ANONACEzE.

Flower-organs mostly distinct from each other. Sepals 3.

Petals 6, rarely reduced to
b 2

4

ANONACEiE.

3 (valvate in the West Indian genera). Anther-cells lateral or extrorse. Endosperm rural-
nate, including in its top the minute embryo. — Woody plants; leaves entire, without stipules.

The Order has the same aromatic properties as the Magnoliacem. The seeds of Monodora
(Calabash Nutmeg*) are compared with the Nutmeg. The wood of Xylopia is called Bitter-
wood: the carpids of X. jamaicensis were found bitter and aromatic by Dr. Alexander.

The fleshy syncarpia of the Anonece are devoid of aroma, but as eatable fruits they are
known as Custard-apples. Some of the most remarkable of these were indigenous in the
West Indian Islands, but are now cultivated iu all tropical countries; Anona squamosa
(Sweetsop) and A. muricata (Soursop) still grow wild in Jamaica; A. Cherimolia was intro-
duced from the Andes. The fruits of some Anona are not eatable : A. montana from its
dryness, A. reticulata and A. palustris from their disagreeable taste. A. reticulata is, how-
ever, a renowned specific against dysentery ; and the seeds of the different species are used
to kill vermin. In the fruit of A. palustris, which affords a choice food to reptiles and
Crustacea, a narcotic principle was believed to exist ; but this is denied by Martius.

The wood of Anonacece is light and tough ; it is used for several purposes, especially that
from Rollinia and Oxandra (Lancewood), and that of Anona palustris (Corkwood) is a sub-
stitute for Cork.

Tiube I. AN0NE2E. — Carpels at length cohering and forming a cone-lilce syncarpium.
— The pollen in a number of species coheres in a peculiar vjay, so as to form mom-
Hform pollinaria.

1. ANONA, L.

Petals 6-3, distinct. Stamens indefinite ; connective produced beyond the extrorse an-
ther-cells. Carpids one-secded, united in a fleshy syncarpium. — Trees or shrubs of Ameri-
can origin ; leaves more or less dotted; flowers terminal or lateral, and opposite to a leaf.

The specimens in herbaria afford no good opportunity for ascertaining the amount of
variability in the characters of species; but I conclude that no reliance can be laid upon
the form of leaves, the size and colour of flowers, and not much upon the down.

Sect. 1. Guanabani.- — Petals 6, the interior conspicuous. Leaves evergreen.

* Exterior petals pointed, scarcely exceeding the interior series.

1. A. muricata, L. Leaves oblong, at length glabrous ; exterior petals broad-ovate,
pointed, subcordate at the base, scarcely exceeding the interior, these rounded ; syncarpium
irregularly conical, blunt, areolated : the areoles produced into a fleshy, recurved spine. SI.
t. 225 ; Jacq. Amer. Piet. t. 161 ; Tuss. FI. 2. t. 24 ; Besc.El. 2. t. 81.— A low tree, 8'-
20' high ; petals l"-2" long, exterior yellowish or greenish, interior yellow or red ; syucar-
pium (6"-8" loug) yellowish-green, often incurved: pulp white; seeds black or yellow'. (Rich.)
— IIab. Jamaica and Caribbean Islands!, spontaneously and common on pastures: [it ranges
through tropical America, but on the continent is perhaps only cultivated or naturalized].

2. A. montana, Macf. Leaves oblong, at length glabrous ; exterior petals broad-ovate,
pointed, tomentose, a little exceeding the interim', these rounded ; syncarpiwn globose, areo-
lated: the areoles produced into a minute, fleshy spinule. — Plum. Ed. Bunn. 1. 143./. 1.

A. muricata, 0, Bun— A low tree, 15'-20' high ; petals 1" loug, exterior, greenish, interior
yellow, syncarpium (4"-5" diam.) not eatable. — Hab. Jamaica ! : March , in woods; Antigua!;
[Guadeloupe !, Guiana !].

3. A. laurifolia, Sun. Leaves lanceolate-oblong, glabrous ; exterior petals broad-ovate,
pointed, subcordate at the base, a. little exceeding the interior, these rounded; syncarpium
conical, blunt, smooth and without spines. — Catesb. Carol. 2. t. 67 . — A shrub, 10 -12 high ;
petals 1" long, exterior greenish on the back. I have only seen an incomplete specimen of
this species, from Cuba, aud the diagnosis is partly supplied from the figure quoted — IIab.
Jamaica, S. Ann’s (M‘Nab) ; Bahamas, e.g. Eleuthera (Catesb.) ; [Cuba!]. According to a
statement iu the ‘Botanical llegister’ (t. 1328), this ranges throughout tropical America,
and the plant figured there was introduced from Maranhao ; that figure, however, may be-

* The origin of this precious substance, which is imported from the Delta ol flic Niger,
will be discussed hereafter, nnd the attention of traders may be directed to this valuable pro-
duct of Africa.

ANONACE/E.

5

long to another species, as A. laurifolia has been omitted in Martins’s 1 Flora Brasiliensis,’
the figure further differing by its yellow flowers from that of Catcsby, and the fruit has not
been observed. Catesby’s other figure (l.c. t. 64), which is the only existing authority for
A. glabra, L., has no flower nor habitat (so that the common assertion that it was a native
of Carolina, is only an old mistake), but the fruit is quite the same with that of t. 67, of
which it is probably only a broader-leaved form. But as De Candolle, under the head of A.
glabra, has described the flowers of another species, writh blunt petals, which was perhaps
nothing but A. palustris, the Linnrean name of A. glabra, instead of being substituted for
A. laurifolia, is better entirely suppressed.

** 'Exterior petals exceeding the interior series.

4. A. palustris, L. Leaves oblong or elliptical, pointed, glabrous; exterior petals
ovate, bluntish, exceeding the interior, these oblong ; syncarpium ovate-globose, smooth, slightly
areolated. — Bot. Mag. t. 4226. — A low tree, 6-15' high; exterior petals \n long, yellow,
with a red blotch at the base within, interior almost wholly red on the inner side ; syncar-
pium (2" diain.) yellowish: pulp golden-yellow ; seeds yellow. — LIab. Jamaica!, Wits., on
the marshy seashore and river-banks; Antigua!, Nichols; [Cuba! to Rio Janiero, along
the coast ; Niger!].

A. mucosa, Jacq. Leaves oblong, taper-pointed, glabrous; exterior petals oblong, blunt,
double the length of the interior, these rounded; syncarpium subglobose, tuberculate : tu-
bercles fleshy, rounded, somewhat gibbous. — Tuss. FI. 1. t. 28. — A. obtusiflora, Ttiss. — A
low tree; exterior petals -£''-l" long, greenish, interior reddish; syncarpium (4" diam.)
greenish: seeds black. — IIab. [Guadeloupe!, Martinique; Guiana!.

Sect. 2. Atta. — Petals 3, the interior series being reduced to minute scales, or wanting.

Leaves somewhat deciduous. (Mac/.)

5. A. sericea, Dun. Leaves oblong, downy beneath with appressed, minute hairs ; petals
broad-ovate, thick, bluntish, downy; syncarpium globose, tuberculate : tubercles hooked. —
Dun. Anon. t. B. — A low tree, 10'— 20' high; petals long; syncarpium (1" diam.) tomen-
tose. — Hab. Jamaica!, Alex., Wits., in the eastern districts ; [Guiana!, equatorial Brazil!].

6. A. squamosa, L. Leaves lanceolate-oblong, glaucous and pubescent beneath, or
glabrate ; petals oblong-linear , keeled on the inner side, blunt ; syncarpium ovoid-globose,
tuberculate : tubercles prominent, fleshy, rounded. — SI. t. 227 ; Jacq. Ic. Amer. Piet. t.
161 ; Tuss. Ft. 3. t. 4; Bot. Mag. t. 3095. — A. cinerea. Dun. ( t . 8). A. bullata. Rich. (FI.
Cub. t. 5), seems to be the same pubescent form. — A low tree or shrub, about 15-20' high ;
leaves more dotted than in the two following species, variable in the form and in the down ;
petals ( 8"'-12 long, l'"-2'" broad) greenish, excavated at the base on the inner side, with
the excavation purple ; fruit 3" diam. : tubercles distinct from each other, 5"'-2'" diam., yel-
lowish-green ; pulp white, with a tinge of yellow ; seeds dark-brown. — LIab. Jamaica !,
M‘Nab, spontaneously in the dry southern plains ; [Cuba to equatorial Brazil].

7*. A. Cherimolia, Mill. Leaves elliptical or oblong, velvety beneath ; petals oblong-
linear, keeled on the inner side, velvety; syncarpium ovate, minutely tuberculate. — Bot.
Mag. t. 2011. — A low tree, usually 15' high. I have not examined the ripe fruit: in a ■
younger state the tubercles are not contiguous, as in A. squamosa, and the covering is said
to present at length an intermediate character between A. squamosa and A. reticulata ;

“ pulp white, and seeds black.” — Hab. Naturalized in Jamaica, and in the Caribbean Islands,
e.g. S. Lucia I, Anders.; [spontaneous from Peru to Mexico!].

8. A. reticulata, L. Leaves oblong or oblong-lanceolate, roughish beneath, or at
length smooth ; petals oblong-linear, keeled on the inner side ; syncarpium globose, smooth, and
slightly areolated.— SI. t. 226; Tuss. FI. 1. t. 29; Desc. FI. 2. t. 82; Bot. Mag. t. 2911,
2912. — A low tree, 15'-20' high ; petals of the two preceding species greenish, and with a
purple, excavated blotch; fruit similar to an orange, 4" diam., brownish-yellow : pulp yellow-
ish-white; seeds dark-brown. — The leaves are so variable, that I have seen a form where
they are lanceolate-linear (6" long, and 8'" broad). — IIab. Jamaica!, Mac/.; S. Viuceut !,
Guild.; [Guadeloupe!].

2. ROLLIN1A, St. Ilil.

Petals cohering at the base, three exterior forming a vertical segment, three interior re-

6

ANONACEiE.

duced to scales, or obsolete. Carpids one-seeded, united in a fleshy syncarpium. — Trees or
shrubs; flowers terminal or lateral ; petals tomentose ; tube globose.

9. R. Sieberi, A. DC. Leaves oblong, strigillose beneath: veius prominent; segments
of corolla oblong-ovate , rounded, subtruncate at the top, divergent or incurved. — A. DC. in
Mem. Geneve, 5. t. 25. — Anona reticulata, Sieb. Hb. Trin. n. 7 b\ — A tree; leaves pointed
or bluntish at both ends; lateral peduncles 1-5-flowered; segments of corolla 6"' long and
22"' broad, either horizontally divergent or (perhaps in a younger state) incurved-ascending.
— Hab. Trinidad 1, Sieb.; S. Vincent!, Guild.; [Mexico, in the province of Teapa].

10. R. nmltiflora, Splitgerb.! ( not 3Liq.) Leaves oblong, leathery, glabrate and smooth
beneath: veins delicate, scarcely or not at all prominent; segments of corolla short, obovate,
horizontally divergent; syucarpium globose.— R. glaucescens, Miq.l (in PL Ilostm. n. 967).
R. resinosa, Sprucel ( ej . Coll. n. 1225). — A small tree, 16'-30' high; leaves polished,
pointed or bluntish, rounded at the base; lateral peduncles 2-5-flowcred; segments of corolla
4»f_5W long, 3,,,-4w broad. — The wood is used for spears and rafters. — ILab. Trinidad !,
Lockh., Cr., in mountain woods; [Guiana!, equatorial Brazil!].

Tribe II. XTLOPIDJE. — Carpels distinct. Petals valvate.
3. XYLOPIA, L.

Sepals connected in a tube. Petals linear, thick, exterior concave, interior somewhat
shorter, keeled on the inner side. Stamens indefinite, inserted upon a hollow disc, including
the ovaries ; connective truncate. Ovaries 2-co , distinct : styles connivent and forming, a
conical body : ovules 2-6, sutural. Carpids usually stalked, subbaccatc or at length dehis-
cent, torulose by spurious horizontal dissepiments separating the seeds, or one-seeded.—
Trees or shrubs ; flowers axillary, solitary or fascicled, usually silky.

11. X. jamaiceasis, Griseb. Leaves lanceolate-linear, taper-pointed ; upper bracteole
partly involving the calyx-tube; calyx cupuliform, pubescent, three-lobed to the middle, four
times shorter than the silky corolla: lobes rounded, bluntish ; carpids 2, compressed-ovoid,
sessile, 5-4-seeded.— Br. Jam. t. 5./. 2. — X. muricata, L. : this name cannot be adopted,
as taken from a character not existing, the carpids not being muricate, but perfectly smooth, or
scarcely somewhat pimpled. — A tree, 15,-20' high ; leaves 311- li" long, 6"1 broad, tapering
into a narrow (sometimes bluntish) point, glabrous above, pubescent or nearly glabrous be-
neath; exterior petals 4'" long; carpids 10"'-12'" long, 8'" broad, 3'" thick, glabrous, woody.
—X. salicifolia, Kth. (X. frutescens, Aubl. Gartn .), of the southern Continent, is very similar,
but has 5-10 ovaries, and the carpids obovate aud stalked, much smaller, usually two-seeded,
acrid-aromatic (Mart), while they are bitter in the West Indian species.— Hab. Jamaica !,

Al., March, e.g. S. Ann’s.

12. X. glabra, L. Leaves lanceolate, taper -pointed ; braeteoles somewhat remote from
the calyx, deciduous ; calyx cupuliform, silky and glabrescent, three-lobed to the middle, four
times shorter than the silky corolla : lobes rounded, bluntish ; carpids two. Dun. Anon.

t 19 A tree; leaves 2"-3" long, 1" broad, downy beneath with appressed hairs in the

younger state: point bluutish, sometimes emarginate; flowers solitary or fascicled; exterior
petals 4"'-6'" long. — Hab. Jamaica!, Al.; Barbadoes; [Venezuela!, Guiana].

13. X. grandiflora, Aubl. Leaves oblong-lanceolate , pointed; upper bracteole partly
involving the calyx-tube, with the flowers silky ; calyx shortly campanulate, tridentate (or
trifid) 4-6 times shorter than the corolla : teeth pointed ; carpids stalked, mcurved-oblong,
subcylindrical, 2-4-seeded. — Dun. Anon. t. 21, 22 ; Rich. Cub. t. 6. Unona acutiflora. Dun.
U. xylopioides, Dun. X. longifolia, A. DC. X. cubensis, Rich. A tree; leaves 3 -6 long
1 "-2" broad; exterior petals 8"'-16'" long; carpids 8"' long, 3"' broad, blunt rounded at
the base towards the stalk, which is 2"' long.— IIab. Jamaica!, Trim dad !, Cr.; LOuba;
Panama ! to Brazil !].

4. GUATTERIA, R. P.

Sepals cohering at the base. Petals flat. Stamens indefinite : connective truncate. Ova-
ries distinct: ovule single, erect.’ Carpids stalked.— Trees or shrubs; flowers axillary,
rarely lateral.

ANONACEiE.

7

14. G. Ouregou, Dan. Leaves obovatc-obloug, cuspidate, euueate at tlic base, sbiuing
above, glabrescent beneath, with the veins prominent ; peduncles short, 2-4, axillary ; calyx-
segments triangular, pointed; petals rusty-velvety , obovate, interior lougcr; carpids ovoid ,
provided with a long, slender stalk. — Aubl. t. 244. — Anona chrysopetala. Stead.! > in PI.
Ilostm. — A high tree; leaves 6"-12" long; interior petals 6'" long, excrescent; carpids in-
definite, 4'" long : stalk equalling or exceeding them. — Hah. Caribbean Islands!; [S. Tho-
mas !, Guiana !, equatorial Brazil !].

5. OXANDRA, Rich.

Sepals cohering at the base. Petals flat. Stamens 10-20 : connective produced above
and beyond the extrorse anther-cells into a ligulate appendage. Ovaries distinct: ovule
single, erect. Carpids indehiscent. — Trees; leaves glabrous; flowers axillary.

15. O. virgata, Rich. Leaves lanceolate-elliptical or lanceolate; flowers subsessile,
subsolitary ; exterior petals obovate ; carpids ovoid-globose, very shortly stalked. — Dun.
Anon. t. 31. — Uvaria, Sw. Guatteria, Dun. — A slender tree or high shrub; leaves 11" -2"
long, 8"'-10'" broad; flowers small, whitish; ovaries 6-12; carpids by abortion 4-1,4'"
long, 3'" diam. : stalk i"1 long. — Hab. Jamaica !, on the mountain woods of the western
districts; March; [Cuba!, Haiti].

16. O. laurifolia, Rich. Leaves oblong ; flowers peduncled, fascicled, or solitary ; ex-
terior petals oblong; carpids ovoid, stalked. — Dun. Anon. t. 32; Rich. FI. Cub. t. 8. —
Uvaria, Sw. Guatteria, Dun. — A high tree; leaves 3"-5" long, l£"-2" broad; flowers
4"'-5'" long, white ; ovaries 5-8 ; carpids 8'" long, double the length of the stalk, or more.
— Hab. Jamaica !, Jib. Benth., in the mountain woods of the central districts ; [Cuba ! to
Portorico].

6. ANAXAGOREA, St. Ml.

Sepals cohering at the base. Petals flat. Stamens indefinite : connective shortly pro-
duced. Ovaries distinct ; ovules 2, erect. Follicles tapering at the base into a clavate stalk.
— Trees or shrubs ; flowers small, axillary or lateral.

17. A. acuminata, St. HU. Leaves oblong, abruptly tapering into a narrow point,
glabrous: principal veins connected near the margin ; flowers axillary ; follicles about twelve,
obovate- ovoid, mucronate, equalling the stalk. — Dun. Anon. t. 16. — Xylopia, Dun. — A
small or middle-sized tree : leaves usually 6" long, 2" broad ; follicles 6"' long, 4'" diam. —
Hab. Trinidad!, Prd., in the Maraval Valley; [Guiana!].

7*. CANANGA, Humph.

Petals elongated, flat. Stamens indefinite: connective produced above and beyond the
extrorse anther-cells into an ovate, pointed appendage. Ovaries distinct : ovules indefinite,
biserial. Carpids baccate, stalked : seeds pitted, the inner layer of the testa penetrating into
the albumen by means of sharp tubercles. — A high tree ; flowers large, downy , fascicled in
the axils.

IS'*. C. odorata, J. Hoolc., Tayl. Leaves oblong, taper-pointed, membranous, glabres-
cent. Deless. Ic. t. 88. Unona odorata and leptopetala, Dun. — IIab. Naturalized in Ja-
maica!, Al., March; [introduced from the East' Indies]. — The Canang of Descourtilz (FI.
6. t. 428) is another plant, the Xylopia aromalica, Mart., the existence of which in the
West Indies is doubtful.

8*. MONODORA, Dun.

Petals 6, exterior oblong, undulated ; interior cordate, cohering at the base, connivent.
Stamens, indefinite : anthers oval, sessile. Ovary single : ovules indefinite. Pericarpiuni
baccate. — A tree, with large, fragrant flowers.

I bis genus, from its large anthers, would belong to the Meliuscce of J. Hooker and
Thomson’s ‘ Flora Iudiea.’

19*. M. Myristica, Dun.— Bot. Mag. t. 3059; Beauv. FI. d’Oware, 1. t. 16 (cxclus.
fruct.).— -Xylopia undulata, P. B. (exrl. fr.). Unona, Dun. Habzelia, A. DC. — A low tree,
about 15' higli ; leaves oblong; peduncles lateral, elongated, pendulous, with a bract above

8

MYRISTICEiE.

tlie middle ; exterior petals yellow, and variegated with purple spots, interior half as long,
tomentose-ciliated, whitish externally. — Hab. Formerly introduced into Jamaica, the speci-
mens in the Hookerian Herbarium, dating from 1830, but now perhaps extinct. Mr. March
states, in a letter, that the two trees recorded in Macfadyen’s Flora, have been lost, but that
it may be found still at the old Botanic Garden, S. Andrew’s, where it was at one time known
to exist.— R. Brown was of the opinion that the Calabash Nutmeg might have been intro-
duced by the Negroes from the west coast of Africa, and Sir W. Hooker led me to inquire
whether the Xylopia undulata of Palisot de Beauvois’ ‘ Flore d’Oware’ ( JJabzelia , A. DC.)
was not the same plant. This, upon R. Brown’s supposition that by mistake the misplaced
fruit of another Anonacea (namely the Uabzelia cethiopica ) was confounded with it, and
figured as its product, would be a correct view of the matter, the remarkable undulate outer,
and cordate inner petals being the same ; and Richard, who has examined Beauvois’ flower
again (FI. Cub. 1. p. 54) having found in it apparently a single pistil. I had no opportunity
of examining the African plant myself, but it appears that the above supposition can be sup-
ported, or rather, proved, by the text of the ‘ Flore d’Oware ’ itself. The author states that
he observed the fruits iu the markets of the Guinea coast, and that afterwards he found the
tree flowering and bearing fruits of a former year, when he travelled in the interior of
Oware, seventy or eighty leagues from the coast. Now the fruit which he figures, though
indeed in connection with the flowering branch, is not a remnant of a former year, but a
well-developed, just ripe system of carpids, quite similar to those of Habzelia cethiopica,
which are known to have been common in the African market. From his own drawing,
therefore, it is evident that Beauvois joined a fruit which he had seen on the coast, with a
flower observed at a later period, and still existing, without fruit, in his collection : for A.
He Candolle, as well as Richard, who have seen his specimens, found them only in flower.
These are the facts, confirming the conclusion to which R. Brown long ago was led by his
own sagacity.

V. MYRISTICEjE.

Bicecious, apetalous/owm. (Endosperm ruminate, including in its top the minute embryo.
• — Trees or shrubs ; leaves entire, without stipules.

The aromatic properties of this Order are known from the Nutmeg (Myristica fragrans),
but in the indigenous species of America, though always present, they are not developed in
such an eminent degree.

1. MYRISTICA, L.

Sepals usually 3, valvate, cohering. Anther-cells extrorse, adnate to a monadelphous tube.
Ovary single : ovule 1, erect. Pericarp baccate : seed enveloped iu a branched aril. — Inflo-
rescence axillary.

Sect. 1. Eumyristica. — A?ithers 9-18, linear : column cylindrical, shortly stalked.

Axils few- or one-flowered. (Asiatic forms.)

1*. M. fragrans, Houit. Leaves elliptical-oblong, cuspidate, glabrate : 8-10 pairs of
primary veins ; flowers drooping, male corymbose, female solitary ; calyx ovoid, trifid ; an-
thers 9—12; berrv ovoid-globose. — Duse. FI. 8. t. 561. M. moschata, Thunk.— A tice,
about 30' high.— Hab. Naturalized in Jamaica, and in the Caribbean Islands ! [introduced
from the Moluccan Archipelago].

Sect. 2. Virola— Anthers usually 3, linear : column cylindrical, stalked.

Axillary panicles : flowers small, fascicled.

2. IVI. surinamensis, Poland. Leaves linear-oblong, glabrate, nasty beneath: 24-
30 pairs of primary veins ; fascicles before flowering involved in a large bract : single flowers
cbracteolate ; calyx infundibuliform, trifid ; anthers 3 ; berry globose, longitudinally keeled.
— Plulcn. Aim. t. 250./. 6 : a leaf— M. fatua, Stv. — A tree, 60' high; leaves variable in
breadth (4"-8" long, 8'"— 2" broad), either rounded or pointed at the base, usually cuspidate :
petiole 2'" long; branches of panicle divaricated .• fascicles remote, 5-15-flowered; calyx ex-
ternally downy, internally glabrous, 1'" long, white; berry G'"-8'" dinm.— Hab. S. Vincent .,
Guild. ; Tobago, Trinidad I, Prd., in woods ; [Guiana I, equatorial Brazil !].

MENISPERME/E.

9

VI. MONIMIE/E.

Flowers mostly unisexual, apetalous. Stamens perigynous. Carpels distinct, indefinite :
ovule single. Endosperm including in its top the minute embryo. — Woody plants; leaves
not divided, mostly opposite, without stipules.

The aromatic properties are the same as in the preceding Orders.

1. CITROSMA, B. P.

(Siparuna, Aubl.)

Floioers unisexual, apetalous. Calyx divided : the tube filled up by the developed torus
(velum), perforated at the top. Stamens scattered over the cavity of the torus, exserted from
its mouth : anthers minute, bilocular, introrse, dehiscent by valves. Ovaries included in
special cavities of the velum, with the style exserted : ovule erect. Carpids subdrupaceous, in-
cluded in the baccate calyx-tube, free. Cotyledons divaricated ; radicle inferior.— -Shrubs or
trees ; leaves dotted ; cymes axillary.

1. C. glabrescens, Prl. Glabrescent (by the^ disappearance of stellate hairs); leaves
opposite, elliptical-oblong, crenate and repand ; cymes dioecious , fasciculiform, equalling the
petiole; calyx 4-5-lobed : lobes oblong, blunt; velum glandular; stamens about 10; carpels
5-10: styles shortly exserted. — A tree; leaves membranaceous, 4"-6" long, bluntish or
pointed : crenatures often ciliated by single tufts of long hairs. — Hab. Dominica!, Imr., in
the mountains; S. Vincent!, Guild.; [Martinique, Sieb. Hb. Mart. 284, 286],

2. C. guianensis, Tut. Glabrescent (by the disappearance of furfuraceous, stellate
down); leaves opposite, oblong, quite entire; cymes monoecious, contracted; calyx truncate
subentire or obsoletely 4-6 -crenate; stamens 6-12; carpels of the same number: styles
long, exserted, agglutinated.— Aubl. t. 333.— Siparuna, Aubl.— Sip. sp, Cr. in linnaa.
20.y> 113!— A shrub, 8'-10'_high; leaves leathery, 5"-6" long, blunt or pointed : petiole
equalling the cymes, or sometimes exceeded by them ; cymes either unisexual, or the male
ones bearing some female flowers at their base : they are shorter and more compound in my
specimens and in Crueger’s description than in that of Tulasne, who states the species to be
variable; flowers small, green; berry “yellow,” size of a cherry. — Hab. Trinidad!, e. q. in
S. Ann s Valley, Prd. , Cr.; [Panama ! to the southern tropic in Brazil].

2. MOLLINEDIA, B. P.

(Tetratome, Poepp., Endl.)

Flowers dioecious, apetalous. Calyx 4-lobed. Stamens indefinite, scattered over the torus
clothing the interior surface of the calyx-tube : anther-cells lateral, and united at the top of
the connective, dehiscent by a common, lateral and terminal fissure. Ovaries inserted at the
bottom of the calyx-tube : ovule pendulous. Carpids drupaceous, supported by the base of
tne calyx-tube, the upper part of which falls off by a circumscissile rupture. Cotyledons
contiguous ; radicle superior.— Trees or shrubs ; leaves with a few distant serratures : cymes
axillary or terminal, few-flowered. :

•3 lan”na> Branches glabrescent (by the disappearance of a transient, short,
•nnin Kct ; [ea?es elhptical-oblong or lanceolate-oblong, pointed, glabrous, dotted : teeth
minute distant above the middle ; inflorescence axillary or lateral; male cymes usually tliree-
flowered, pedunclcd : flowers equalling the pedicel ; calyx-lobes broad-ovate, rounded (interior
sometimes wth a subulate point); stamens 24 or more; carpids 5-8.— Tetratomes sp., Cr.

Jac/P; 7A hlg1hly ,fra7ant shrub (<Pd:> ’ leaves 4"-G" long, archuervcd : primary veins
a ,1dcllCfc; Peduncles three times exceeding the petiole; flowers fragrant; male calyx
externally pubescent ; female inflorescence similar, but only the terminal flower ripened hi
our specimens; drupes ovate-oblong, bluntish.— Hab. Trinidad!, Pd., Cr., e.g. in woods
ctvveen Anma and Mount Tamana; [Cayenne!, Brazil, as far as Rio de Janeiro].

VII. MENISPERME/E.

Flowers unisexual : organs mostly distinct from each other, and arranged in a ternary or

10

MENISPERMEvE;

a binary order. Stamens opposite to the corolla (if petals are present and of the same num-
ber). Ovaries distinct : ovules single, lateral. Carpids drupaceous, olten incurved : embryo
elongated usually included by an endosperm— Vines ; leaves mostly palmahnerved, without
stimles • ’flowers small, arranged in axillary racemes or panicles.

This Order affords different alkaloids, some of them very poisonous, and besides a bitter
principle, highly esteemed in medicine; the root of Cismmpelos Fareira (Pareira braxa)
is employed against various diseases, and especially an antidote to the bite of sei pents. The
fruit of Alula (which bears the same vulgar name) is said to have similar properties.

Tribe I COCCTJLEJE.— Carpels 3 (-12), at length campylotropous. Embryo enclosed
by the horseshoe-formed endosperm : radicle pointwg towards the suprabasilar rudiment
of the style; cotyledons linear, contiguous.

1. COCCULUS, EC.

(Chondodendron, R. P. Anelasma, Miers, partim. Hyperbtena, Miers.)

Serais 6 biserial. Petals 6. t : Stamens 6. Ovaries 3. Ernpes compressed. Seed
bent round’ the projecting plate of the endocarp : endosperm fleshy, not ruminate ; embryo
annular cylindrical, equalling almost the- length of the endosperm, and included in its central
channel’—' Woody vines ; flowers arranged in axillary racemes or racemose panicles.

The ehalJ ter Ke ^eed is taken from other species, that of the two West Indian species

being still unknown.

Sect 1 Hyperb^n a.— Anthers (originally ^-celled) bilobed and dehiscent by an
obliquely lateral and vertically confluent fissure. Styles cylindrical uncinate .

, . • T\ri r paves oblong or elliptical-lanceolate, glabrous, minutely

is h

to f^ShS^ H. Hostmanni, -d H.

to Brazil ! as far as Bio Grande do Sul].

Sect 2. Chondodendron. — Anthers bilocular : cells distant, dehiscent by a lateral
(ssure. Styles foliaceous, deflexed.

The fr.it of a™**»*o» i> .till .*»»., but the Jifce.ee. in the .toe.. »J >tjle.

Or.; a slightly pubeseent ten ®eCa^le long; petals as large as the inner

membranaceous, usually 1st 2 1 g • _P „ted by the broad connective ; ovaries

rp ;tR„ n CKSAMPELIEE/E.- Carpel solitary. Embryo enclosed by the hoiseshoe-
formed, thin endosperm : cotyledons linear, conhguou .

2. CISSAMPELOS, L.

$ : Sepals 4. Corolla cupuliform, suL^ supported by a

? •• Sepal ^^rtn^\?f8X8%«j!'wSitlie endocarp compressed. -Vines;

«*» mf"**"*” “’*°M

i,J‘ o“. p„ei„, L. Downy ; tawe. o.ri.lo-nou.JeJ , otJe eo.y.nb, .tallej , bto. of

NYMPIIjEACE^E.

11

the female racemes exceeding the fascicle, roundish ; drupe subglobose, hairy, red. — Desc.
FI. 3. t. 201. — C. Caapcba, L. C. microcarpa, T)C. C. Kohautiana, Prl. C. clematidea, Prl.
a. C. Fareira, L. Leaves peltate, downy on both sides.

£. C. microcarpa, DC. Leaves peltate, glabrescent above and downy beneath.
y. C. Caapeba, L. Leaves petioled at the base, downy, chiefly beneath, or glabrous. — In-
termediate forms between all these forms are of common occurrence. — Hab. Jamaica! to
Trinidad 1 : all collectors; [all tropical countries of the world].

VIII. NYMPHiEACEiE.

Flower-organs distinct from each other, or partly connected by the developing torus.
Petals and stamens mostly indefinite. Embryo minute, included in the persistent embryo-
sac, lyiug at the top of the amylaceous perisperm : cotyledons fleshy, surrounding the deve-
loped plumule. Water-plants ; leaves floating , not divided , with the long petiole arising
from a creeping root-stock : vernation involute; flowers large, solitary: peduncles extra-
axillary.

The amylum, contained in the seeds and in the root-stocks [e.g. of N. Fudgeana), exhibits
in some cases eatable substances.

1. NYMPHiEA, L.

Sepals 4, inferior. Petals and stamens inserted upon the torus, which clothes and con-
nects the carpels. Ovules indefinite, scattered over the interior surface of the carpel. Seeds
arillate. — Leaves stipulate.

Sect. 1. CyaN/I’a. — Anthers produced at the top into a long appendage of the connective.

Expansion of flowers during the day. Stipules minute, distinct.

1. N. ampla, DC. (exclus. syn. Mey). Leaves cordate and a little peltate, sinuate-den-
tate ; network of veins prominent beneath ; sepals without prominent nerves ; petals while
(or yellowish-wlnte) ; exterior stamens much longer than the interior, and with a longer,
ktont appendage; appendages of the stigmas short, conical, pointed. — Bot. Mag. t.

, Nymphcea, Sp. 1. Macf. N. Lotus, lun. — Leaves glabrous, usually purple beneath,
and the sepals with purple lines. Amther-cells scarcely exceeded in breadth by the connec-
“' C- species is exceedingly variable, and there occur many distinct forms, with the ap-
pearance of special species, but running into each other by intermediate specimens. The
variability is chiefly observable in the sinuosities and teeth of the leaf (which disappear
sometimes altogether), and in the size of the flowers. Of the three varieties, distinguished
by Planchon, and occurring all of them in the West Indies, a (Plumieri), with the teeth
pointed, aud 0 ( Hoolcen ) with blunt or wanting sinuosities, cannot be regarded as special
varieties; but his y (Salzmanni) approaches Macfadyen’s form from the Ferry- La°-oon in
Jamaica which though presenting the large leaves of the other, may be distinguished' by
the small size of its flowers. ° J

a. Sepals and petals oblong-lanceolate, bluntisb, usually 3" long ; appendages of the ex-
terior anthers 4 -6 ong, often broader than the anther itself.— The Jamaica specimens of

f l u asree CX?iy Wltl Su-W- Hooker’s %ure in the Bot. Mag.; but intermediate
mi ms between a and /3 are not wanting.

0. parviflora. Sepals and petals oblong, somewhat pointed, scarcely more than 1" lorn-' •
appendages of the exterior anthers 2"' long, as broad as the anther.-IlAB. Jamaica!, all
collectors ; Caribbean Islands ; [Texas 1, Cuba, and Mexico to Brazil],

Sect. 2. H YU rocalus.— Connective exceeding very shortly the anther-cells in the exterior
ant hcis. Expansion of flowers nocturnal. Stipules connected in a sheath.

tireV PI;r^,UdeeaTai’ Wy'/11 L,TCS Tdatc and a little I)eltate> sinuate-dentate (or en-
ter ml e « llnuTC'' hat chal,nc led l beneath ; sepals without prominent nerves ; petals white

cnJh eblil ); rT r, at top ; aPPondages of the stigmas clavaie, at

lengt l c. einatc-mflexcd FI 8. t. 574.-N. blanda, Planch.!, Macf.l- Petals usually

•ddn S- / t polated- Appendages of the exterior anthers scarcely i1'1 long.— A remark-

s sthm7n bfi COnSid®red gcncra]1y as a distinct species; its chief character, con-

i e w i hC„ U?n ^ ° ,th° an,th(;l'-cclls> is “ot confirmed by my Guadeloupe speci-
inuis, which arc intermediate between both forms. 1 1

12

PAPAVERACE2E.

a. Petioles glabrous at the top ; anther-cells broad-linear, exceeding in breadth the lining
connectival margin.

ft. amazonum, Mart., Zucc. Petioles encircled at the top by a ring of hairs ; anther-cells
narrow-linear, equalling in breadth the flat connectival margin. — Bot. Mac/, t. 4823. — 'N.
alba, Lun. — A form of this, with the leaves young and quite entire, is the original specimen
of N. b/anda, Mey.!, agreeing exactly with N. amazonum,, as figured by Sir W. Hooker; but
Meyer’s name, applied to a particular form, which is not the same with N. blanda of later
authors, is perhaps better suppressed altogether. — Hab. Jamaica 1, March (a and ft)-, [Gua-
deloupe!, Guiana!, Brazil].

IX. NELUMBONEZE.

'Flower-organs distinct from each other, indefinite. Carpids immersed in special cavities
of the torus, which is enlarged above the stamens : ovules 1 (-2), pendulous. Embryo exal-
buminous : cotyledons fleshy, surrounding the developed plumule. — Water-plants; leaves
peltate, entire, emersed, arising from a creeping root-stock: vernation involute; flowers
large, solitary.

The use is the same as that of Nymplueacea.

1. NELUMBIUM, Jdss.

1. N. luteum, IF. Petals pale-yellow; anthers produced at the top into a linear, re-
curved appendage. — -As. Gray, Gen. Bor. Am.er. 1. 1. 40, 41.— N. jamaicense, DC. Nymplnea
Nelumbo, Lun. { exclus . syn.). — Leaves exactly peltate ; petiole tubercled. The appendage of
the anthers sometimes seems to be wanting in this genus, but is only apparently so, falling
off by a sort of dehiscence. — The Jamaican specimens are not different from those of the
United States; but the bad figures, published by Descourtilz. {FI. 8. t. 599) and by Tussac
{FI. 3. t. 23), have probably not been taken from West Indian specimens, for they present
pink or rosy flowers, and must be referred to the Asiatic N. speciosum. — Hab. Jamaica !,
'McNab, in the lagoons of S. Catherine; [eastern territory of the United States!]. I have
been told that the original N. jamaicense, found in the district of Vere, where it has disap-
peared since, was believed to produce rosy flowers; but P. Brown says nothing of their
colour and Lunan, who states them to be purple, borrowed his description from Loureiro
and Thunberg, and, having made no observations of his own, confounded the N. jamaicense
with N. speciosum.

X. CERATOPIPYLLEZE.

Flowers naked, monmeious. Carpel solitary : ovule single, pendulous, atropous Embryo
exalbumiuous, with a highly developed plumule.- Water-plants ; leaves submersed, whorled,
dichotomously divided into capillary segments*

1. CERA.TOPHYLLUM, L.

1. C. demersnm, L. Nuts, with two spines or tubercles at the base, exceeded by a

beak Linncea 11 t. 11.— Organs of flowers solitary ; male organs amentaceous : anthers

SehLnl by a pore.-HAB. Jamaica 1, Pd., March common; Trinidad!, [northern

temperate and tropical zones of all continents, e.g. Cuba! to GuianaJ.

XI. PAPAVERACEZE.

Sepals 2 (-3), caducous. Stamens hypogynous. Pistil mostly paracarpous. Embryo mi-
nute, included in the top or axis of the oily endosperm.— Leaves

The milk of this Order is known to contain cither admu-able naicotic alkaloids, oi acud
principles It is yellow in Bocconia, and becomes so, when exposed to the air, in Argemone
The investigations hitherto pursued into the medical properties of this milk and their oily
seeds (which are devoid of milk) have, however, given contradictory results.

1. ARGEMONE. L.

Sepals 2-3. Petals 4-6. Stamens indefinite. Carpels 4-7 : stigmas opposite to the

CRUCIFER®.

13

placentas. Capsule unilocular, dehiscent by small valves nt the top : intervalvular placentas
not produced inwards, united at the top. Embryo axile. — Glaucescent herbs ; leaves sessile,
pinnatifid ; teeth spinu/ose.

1. A. mexicana, L. Leaves half-clasping, prickly, with white spots ; capsule prickly-
— As. Gray, Gen. Bor. Amer. 1. t. 47 ; Besc. FI. 5. t. 380. — Petals large, yellow, usually 6.
— Hab. Jamaica!; Caribbean Islands !, common; [tropical America; naturalized in other
tropical continents, and in the warm parts of both temperate zones of the globe].

2. BOCCONIA, L.

Sepals 2. Petals 0. Stamens 8-24. Carpels 2 : style with two stigmas, opposite to
the placentas. Capsule unilocular, bivalved at the base : intervalvular placentas filiform, '
united at the top. Seed single, erect. — Suffruticose herbs ; leaves petioled ; flowers panicu-
late.

2. B. frutescens, L. Leaves oval-oblong, sinuate-pinnatifid (uppermost sometimes not
divided), glaucescent beneath; panicle pyramidal.—®, t. 125; Besc. FI. 1. t. 54. — Stem
4-9' high ; leaves 6"-18" long; panicle often above a foot long.— Hab. Jamaica !, all col-
lectors; Caribbean Islands !, common; [Cuba!; Mexico ! to Peru],

XII. CKUCIFEKiE.

Sepals mi petals 4,. Stamens hypogynous, mostly 6, four longer. Pistil paracarpous.
Fruit usually bilocular by a placentary, spurious, intervalvular dissepiment. Embryo exal-
buminous : radicle mostly reflexed. — Plants, mostly herbaceous ; leaves simple, without sti-
pules; flowers usually racemose , with the bracts suppressed.

The West Indian species are almost all cultivated pot-herbs, as Cabbage, Turnip, Mustard,
Iloise-radish, and Radish {cf. Macf. FI.). The famous antiscorbutic properties prevailing
in all Cruciferce depend upon a peculiar principle, containing sulphur in its elementary com-
position. The embryo developes a large quantity of fixed oil in its tissue.

Tribe I. SILIQUOSJE. — Fruit elongated, bivalved (silique).

1. CARDAMINE, L.

j Silique linear ; valves flat, nerveless. Seeds uniserial : funicles free. Cotyledons accum-

1. C. hirsuta, L. Leaves pinnatisect : segments of the supraradical leaves orbicular
of the upper ones longer and cuneate ; stamens usually 4 ; silique erect : stigma nearly ses-
s,le.-C sylvatica, Macf.— Leaves glabrous, but the petiole ciliate towards the base; flowers
small, white.— I have not seen this plant from Jamaica, and borrow the diagnosis from Mac-
fedyen s description, which, by the number of stamens, proves that it is not the form called
6. sylvatica, Lk., in Europe.— Hab. Jamaica, on mountain rocks (Macf.); [northern tern-
perate zone, and tropical mountains in all continents].

2. NASTURTIUM, R. Br. '

Silique oblong-linear : valves convex, almost nerveless. Seeds biserial
cmnbent.

Cotyledons ac-

,2; 1ff |1,na,le’ & Br.\. Perennial; leaves pinnatisect : segments ovate, repand ; petals
white, double the length of the calyx ; hypogynous glands 4 ; siliques spreading, equalling
rw. P6,,’ ,U!- Jemaica, on the banks of mountain rivulets (Macf.)- Dominica (BC)-

[both the temperate zones of the Old World and of Western America; a few highland loca-
lities in the tropics, e. g. Cuba !] .

3*. SISYMBRIUM, L.

Silique linear : valves convex, trinerved. Seeds uniserial. Cotyledons incumbent.

l f^r ^ officinale, Scop. Annual, hairy ; leaves runcinate; flowers yellow; silique subu-
late-linear, tapering into the short style: pedicels very short, appressed to the axis and at

14

CRUCIFERS.

length thickened. Hab. Naturalized in Jamaica, by roadsides in the mountains (Mac/.);
[introduced from Europe],

4. SINAPIS, L.

Sepals spreading, equal at the base. Silique linear, beaked, sessile : valves convex, 5-1-
nerved. Seeds uniserial. Cotyledons conduplicate.

4. S. brassicata, L. Annual, glabrous ; leaves dissected at the base or not divided, den-
tate, inferior obovate, superior lanceolate ; petals yellow : claws equalling the spreading calyx ;
siliques cylindrical, torulose, one-nerved and with prominent veins, shortly beaked, suberect
upon the spreading pedicel: beak styliform, without a seed. — Desc. FI. 0. t. 430; Willd.
r n0rt . Berol. t. 14 : the form with the leaves not divided. — S. lauceolata, DC. S. iutegri-
folia, IF. S. nigra, Desc. { exclus . descr.). Raphanus lanceolatus, IF. { non Macf).— Hab.
Caribbean Islands; [Guadeloupe!, S. Croix, tropical Asia], — S. juncea, L. (Jacq. lit. Find,
b. 171), is perhaps only a form of this, with lyrate leaves.

Tribe II. A NG TJSTISEPT2E. — Fruit (si tide) rounded: dissepiment linear.

5*. CAPSELLA, Vent.

Petals entire. Silicic laterally compressed, many-seeded: valves keeled, not winged.
Cotyledons incumbent.

5* C Bursa-pastoris, Moh. Annual; leaves usually runcinate, superior sagittate,

clasping, lanceolate ; silicles triangular-obcordate. Petals white —Hab. Natmahzed m Ja-
maica, in the mountain plantations; [introduced from the Old World, now diffused through
both the temperate zones, and scattered in the tropical ones of all the continents] .

6. LEP1DIUM, L.

Petals entire (or wanting). Silicle laterally compressed ; valves keeled, usually winged;
cells one-seeded. — Flowers white.

6 Xj vire-inicum, L. Annual, glabrous ; leaves lanceolate, usually serrate ; racemes
elongated; flowers diandrous; silicles nearly orbicular, wingless emarginate ; cotyledons
decumbent.— Desc. FI. 1. t. 41— L. Iberis, Desc. {not L.).— Hab. Jamaica., Al. ; An-
tigua !, Nichols. ; Tobago; [United States].

7*. B. sativum, L. Annual, glabrous; inferior leaves pinnatisect; racemes elongated;
flowers tetradynamous ; silicles nearly orbicular, winged and emarginate a,t the top ; seeds
oblong; cotyledons incumbent. -Desc. FI. 1. t. 42.— Hab. Naturalized in Jamaica {Macf),
[introduced from the Levant].

7. SENEBIERA, Poir.

Petals entire (or wanting). Silicles didymous : cells indehiscent, one-seeded. Cotyledons
incumbent, and bent transversely.- — Racemes opposite to the leaves.

8 S pinnatifida, DC. Diffuse; leaves pinnatisect; silicles shorter than the pedicel,
emarginate at the top and at the base, [reticulate-rugose. -Hab. Jamaica {Macf), common in
the mountains ; [both the temperate zones of America; naturalized in western Europe, m
Australia, etc.].

Tribe III. X OMENTA GE/F. — Fruit separating transversely into one-celled,

one-seeded joints.

8. CAKILE, Tournef.

Semis erect the lateral ones gibbous at the base. Fruit two-jointed : seed of the upper
cell (the beak) ’erect, of the lower one pendulous. Cotyledons accumbent (sometimes ob-
liquely^. £>//«-. Leaves lanceolate, subentire; flowers whitish - upper joint of

the 'frwit lanceolatc-ensiform, tapering into the style, three %mes the lengU^ of ^wer
cuneate one, and equalling it in breadth. — Desc. PI. _L t. 13, lass. . • •

Cakile, Desc. Cakile cubensis, Kth. C. rogyptiaca, lass. C. maritime, act. >

CAPPARIDEiE.

15

pliamis lanceolatus, Macf. ! ( non W. ). — This is probably the species which Asa Gray dis-
tinguishes from C. americana, Nutt., in the Southern United States. Richard had proposed
to reduce both American species to the European C. marilima , but I agree with Asa Gray in
keeping them distiuct by the proportion and shape of the upper fruit-joint : in C. maritima,
L., it is shorter, compressed, and broader than the lower one ; in C. americana, Nutt., it is
ovate, and equals the lower one in length. The seed of the upper joint shows obliquely ac-
cumbent cotyledons in C. cequalis, just as Asa Gray has figured them in his Genera (1. t. 74);
in C. maritima I find them not oblique, but this is probably subject to variation. — Hab. Ja-
maica!, all collectors; S. Vincent!, Gritild.; Turk Islands!, Hjalmarson , on sandy seashores;
[Cuba, Guadeloupe].

XIII. CAPPARIDEiE.

Stamens indefinite, 6 (-4), inserted below the ovary. Pistil paracarpous : ovary usually
stalked. Embryo exalbuminous. '

This order resembles Crucifer ce in an acrid, antiscorbutic sap, and some Camaridea are
used in medicine on that account. A fixed oil is equally contained in their embryo. Mo -
ringa, a genus anomalous merely by the number of flower-organs, partakes of these priu-
mples ; the oil of its seeds, which are called Ben-nuts, is drastic. The berry of Cratceva
lajpia is eatable, though not pleasant.

Tribe I. CLE03IE/E. — Fruit capsular, dehiscent.

1. CLEOME, L., R. Br.

(Gynandropsis' DC. Polanisia, Raft)

Sepals and petals 4. Stamens 6 (-4), indefinite. Capsule silique-shaped, bivalved • valves
separating from the mtervalvular parietal placenta (the replum). -Herbs ; leaves usually
palmatisect ; racemes terminal. — All the West Indian species are annuals.

Sect. 1. Gymnogonia. Stamens 6, inserted upon the filiform gynophore.
^Estivation of the corolla open.

1. O. p entaphylla, L. Segments of leaves 5-3 (-7), obovate-lanceolate or elliptical-
n.° ef ir /<S °bovate,>o' times the length of the calyx; stamens inserted upon the

middle of tha gynophore. — Base. FI. 7. t. 509; Bot. Mag. t. 1681,-Gynandropsis DC
G. triphylla, DC. ( quoad PI. Canb). G. palmipes, DC.- The leaf-segments vai/ in’ them
form and in their number ; petals whitish, equalling the inferior joint of the gynophore
capsule linear, 2 -3 long, equaling or exceeding the gynophore.— Hab. Jamaica 1 ^ Dist ’
A W, common; Bahamas < .Swains. ■ S. Kitts!, Mseyh. Vincent !, Guild.; Granada-
{• 1 ™l?lca countl,es; naturalized m the warmer parts of both temperate zones]. There are
linguistic reasons for believing it to have emigrated from the Old World.

Sect. 2. Gynandropsis. Stamens 6, inserted upon the filiform gynophore.
/Estivation of the corolla imbricative.

2. C. speciosa ,Kth Segments of leaves 7-5, lanceolate; petals spathulatc about 10

times the length of the calyx ; stamens inserted above the base of the gynophore’ its miner
5°'f ru lrCeCdliS th- C°r°^a^“hat exceeded by the filaments -La Nov Ucn
amfih30' frVTnd'0pSIS( leaf-segments are much longer than in the preceding’

££-•2? J5ES1SI ogfi; ['Gn*l0,,1'c 11 £

Sect. 3. Pediceldaria Stamens 6, inserted upon a conical disc, below
the filiform, gynophore or the ovary.

by' z ^”r.uirlric,'a *» E- Br°™ *° thc «* w»'«.

7_~' u' P?“ge?S’ Y' ^ubcsccnt, oflen glandular; stipules prickly; segments of leaves
ovary ZTh^hJrtlr^hl " 7^1 S!amen\ IonD exserted from the whitish corolla;

morT^S £ / iTao Mn0*h°re7t capsule finally almost double the length of it, 01-

va iabili/v nir i I hcI) aI,h-vlla> Sw-~A common and very variable weed • the

vanabihty affects chiefly the down, thc shape of the bracts, and the number and form of the

16

CAPPARIDE2E.

leaf-segments. The gynophore is 2"-3" long, but as it does not grow out with the capsule, ii
is always shorter than this ; the diagnosis of authors (“ gynophore exceeding the capsule ”) is
wrong, and taken from immature states ; the ripe capsule is often 4" long.

а. Ovary and capsule glabrous . — C. heptaphylla, Sw. Observ. C. spinosa, Mac/.

(3. Swartziana. Ovary and capsule glandular. — Willd. Hori. Berol. t. 18. — C. spinos3,
' Sw. Observ. C. heptaphylla, DC., Macf. — Hab. Jamaica!, common in waste places; S.
Vincent !, Guild. ; Trinidad !, Schack ; [range through the whole of tropical America. In the
Brazilian C. spinosa, L. (Lond. Journ. of Bot. 2. p. 330), the capsule is longer, and as long
as the gynophore],

4. C. Houston!, R. Br. Glandular-pubescent; stipules and petioles prickly; segments
of leaves 5-3, elliptical-lanceolate ; bracts ovate ; stamens scarcely exceeding the purple co-
rolla ; ovary shortly stalked, and capsule 6-12 times longer than the gynophore. — Martyn,
Hist. t. 45. — C. heptaphylla, Mey. FI. Fsseq. ! C. cubensis. Rich. Cub. — Richard published
an excellent exposition of the distinctive characters of this confused species, but he did not
recognize R. Brown’s older name, illustrated by Martyn’s good figure. The chief character is
the short gynophore, only 2"'-4"' long in the flower, and not excrescent afterwards. The
habit is similar to the preceding. — Hab. Jamaica, Houst.; [Cuba !, Guiana !].

5. C. polygama, L. Glabrous ; segments of leaves three, ovate-lanceolate or lanceolate ;
bracts suppressed ; stamens a little exserted from the whitish corolla ; capsule subsessile,
tapering at the base. — SI. t. 124./. 1 ; Jacq. Amer. Piet. t. 262./. 73 : a leaf. — C. serrata,
L. C. triphylla, Besc. (FI. 1. t. 44 : erroneously exhibiting yellow flowers). The name
alludes to the upper flowers, which are said to be often sterile and tetrandous. The leaf-
segments vary in breadth, and in the margin either entire or serrate.— Hab. Jamaica !, List.,
M‘Nab, Alex., JFils., common; [Panama! to Goyaz I and Guayaquil!].

б. C. aculeata, L. Glandular-pub endows ; stipules prickly; flowers axillary, small;
segments of leaves three, elliptical, cuneate at the base ; stamens included ; capsule subsessile,
glabrous. — A diffuse annual ; leaves broader than in the preceding, subentire ; flowers (2'"
long) scattered : pedicel filiform ; capsule 1 1"-2" long ; seeds muricate. — Hab. Caribbean
Islands; [Martinique !, Guiana].

7. C. procumbens, Jacq. Glabrous, procumbent; leaves not divided, lanceolate,
pointed, quite entire; bracts conform, almost exceeded by the distant pedicels; stamens
equalling the yellow corolla; capsule subsessile. — SI. t. 123./. 1 ; Jacq. Amer. Piet. t. 181.
— Diffuse, usually spithamcous ; leaves about 6'" long ; petals 2'" long, purple on drying ;
capsule 8'" long, apiculated by the filiform style: valves convex. — Hab. Jamaica!, List.,
3FNub, March, common in dry, sandy pastures ; [Haiti].

Sect. 4. Ranmanissa. — Disc reduced to a ring of glands. Stamens indefinite.

Petals shortly clawed.

8*. C viscosa, L. (ex. syn. Martyn). Glandular ; segments of leaves 3 (-5), obovate-
lanceolate, equalling the petiole ; petals obovate, yellow ; stamens about twenty, equalling the
corolla ; style short ; capsule rough with glandular hairs, sessile : valves convex, striated. —
Martyn, Hist. t. 25.— Polanisia, BC. (ex. synon.). P. isocandra, IF. A. : this does not pro-
perly belong to the North American and Mexican Polanisia, which forms another section
of the genus, distinguished by a unilateral disc, and by long-clawed petals.- — Hab. Natu-
ralized in Jamaica !, S. Kitts !, Nevis !, S. Vincent 1 ; [introduced Rom the Old World, where
it ranges from Southern China ! to Senegambia].

2*. MORINGA, Juss.

Sepals and petals 5. Stamens 10, inserted upon a cupuliform disc: anthers unilocular.
Capsule silique-shaped, mcdianicide, trivalved. — A tree ; leaves decompositi-ginnatisect : pa-
nicles axillary.

9* M. pterygosperma, Garin. Rive of the stamens sterile ; capsules triquetrous : seeds
three- winged. — 'Puss. FI. 4. t. 16 ; Besc. FI. 1. t. 27-— A low tree, 12'-20' high; leaves
three times pinnatisect, about l'-2'long: segments spathulate or elliptical, blunt; petiole
bearing glands at its ramifications ; flowers whitish; capsule uearly 1' long.— Hab. Natu-
ralized and common iu Jamaica!, Macf. ; S. Kitts!, S. Vincent 1; [introduced from the Old
World, where it ranges from the East Indies! to Senegambia!].

CAPPARIDEjE.

17

Tribe II. CAPPARE/E. — Fruit indehiscent.

3. TOVARIA, R P.

(Bancroftia, Macfad.)

Sepals , petals and stamens 8 (-7). Ovary sessile : placentas G (-8), united in the axis.
Pericarp baccate. — An annual herb, sufprutescent at the base and scandent-difjuse ; leaves
tematisect ; raceme terminal, elongated , cernuous at the top.

10. T. pendula, R. P. — R.P. PI. Peruv. 3. t. 209 : an extreme form ; Hook. ic. t. 664.

-Bancroftia diftusa, Macf.! — A glabrous plant, several feet high; leaf-segments lanceolate;
middle segment longer ; petals greenish-white, exceeding the calyx, but variable in their
shape and length, bluntish ; berry globose. The odour of the herb has been compared with
that of Apium. — - Hab. Jamaica!, Macf., Pd., in the north-eastern mountain woods,
among shrubs by the side of water; [Venezuela! ; New Granada! at 6000'; Peru].

4. C RATyEVA, L.

Sepals and petals 4 : aestivation of the corolla open. Stamens 8— indefinite. Berry
stalked ; placentas 2.— Shrubs or low trees ; leaves tematisect; racemes terminal, often
polygamous. Petals of the American species obverse-lanceolate.

11. C. gynandra, L. Segments of leaves ovate, pointed; stamens 20-24, inserted
upon the cylindrical disc in the fertile flowers ; berry ovoid-globose, bluntly mucronate.

P/uken. Phytogr. t. 147-./. 6. — A tree, 12-20' high ; leaf-segments variable, glabrous;
petals whitish (6'"— 8'" long), three times exceeded by the stamens, which in the male flowers
are inserted upon a short, conical disc ; gynophore growing out to a great length ; berry
size of a pigeon’s-egg. — Hab. Jamaica !, Macf., common in the plains ; S. Vincent 1, Guild. ;
[Mexico!, New Granada!, Guiana!].

12. C. Tapia, L. Segments of leaves broadly ovate, acuminate; stamens 8-16 ; hern/
globose not mucronate.— Piso, Bras. p. 69.— A tree, about 20'-30' high ; leaf-segments
much larger than in the preceding species ; berry size of a small orange.— Hab. Jamaica
on the banks of salt-ponds, Macf; [Guiana!, Brazil],

5. CAPPARIS, L.

Sepals and petals 4 : aestivation of corolla imbricative. Stamens 8 — indefinite. Fruit
stalked : placentas 2. — Shrubs or trees ; leaves undivided , entire.

The American species are without prickles: all the West Indian ones present four glands
in the bottom of the calyx and opposite to the sepals.

Sect. 1. Pseudocrat.eva. — Calyx ^-partite : segments valvate. Stamens usually 8,
inserted upon a short, columnar disc. Berry ovoid.

13 C. ferruginea, L. Leaves lanceolate, glabrous above, powdery-pubescent, with
stellate down beneath; flowers corymbose, small; segments of calyx (1'" long) subulate
blunt at the top ; berry ovoid-globose, dowuy, double the length of the gynophore —Br
Jam. 1. 28./. 1 ; Jacq. Amer. Piet. t. 149.— C. octaudra, Jacq. — A shrub, dwarfish
and compact, or a shrubby tree, 10'-20'high; branches and inflorescence leprous and to-
mentose with appressed down; leaves 3 "-4" long: petiole long; corymbs stalked, axil-
ary near the top of branches: petals white, oval-oblong, shortly clawed, about 3'" long

6 — « <*• —s

Sect. 2. BitEYNiASTitUM.— Calyx ^-partite, or 4<-fid : segments valvate. Fruit

silique-shaped.

flown™ ™ a“ygdali“a> //,”'• , I;c,avcs lanceolate-oblong, glabrous above, leprous beneath;
r 'er H™b<fe; calyx (1 "-1*"' long) four times shorter than the down y corolla: lobes
lanceolate, blunt, convex and leprous on the back; stamens 16, exserted.— 2?r. Jam. t. 27.

A sbnfb' VtmT', i n/' l52-,0: ]fre-vnia> L> Partim i Jacl- (»on Sio. nec DC.).—
downv\ • i } qm ,// 3lauc^es an(l inflorescence covered with wbitish-rufescent scales (not

branches . 3 °"gi petlole 4 lollKl corymbs stalked, axillary near the top of the

branches , petals white, oval, very shortly clawed, about 5'" long, tomeutose chiefly on the

18

CAPPAUlDEiE.

back, (while the calyx is only scaly) ; fruit 9"-10» long (3'" diam.), somewhat toralose^
rusty-leprous, six times longer than the gynophore.— ILab. Jamaica !, S. Lucia!, S. Vincent.,
Guild, ., chiefly on the seashore; [Mexico!, New Granada !J.

Sect 3 Quadkella.— Sepals distinct, valvate : bud tetragonal, by tlieir margins somewhat
revolute. Fruit silique-shaped, dry and opened by rupture.

15. C. iamaicensis, Jacq. Leaves lanceolate-oblong or elliptical, glabrous above
leprous beneath ; flowers corymbose ; sepals (4"' long) ovate, about half the length °f l
Sous corolla ; stamens 16-32, exserted.—Br. Jam. t. 27 •/• 1 i Jacq Amer. Fid. t 150.
—A shrub or shrubby tree, 6'-10' high ; branches and inflorescence densely covered with
scales • leaves 2i"-4" long, shining above, silvery or pale-rusty beneath : petiole 6 long ,
corymbs axiflary and terminal; sepals usually somewhat kpeled, either pjW or : more
elliptical and blunt, leprous on the back and downy internally ; petals white and at length
purpurascent, leprous on the back, glabrous on the interior surface ; fruit extremely vana
in length (12"— 3"), and iu proportion to the gyuopbore, either ten times or only double its
length* in the development of the gynophore (6'"-2''), ahd m the valves either coutmuou

01' Tfmlrginata. Leaves lanceolate-oblong, emarginate or rounded at the top.-^A. Cub.
t. 9. — C. emarginata, TM.-This form is the same with the original typeofJacqaim

oil inunsa Leaves elliptical or elliptical-lanceolate, pointed.— Fesc. Jfl. 5. t. 616.

C sdiauosa L (exclus. syn. Flulcen). C. torulosa, Sw. : the form with torulose fruit,
c’ Brevnia L partim; Sw. Observ. ; DC.; Macfad. (i non Jacq.) : the form with almost con-
tinuous fruit. 'C. intermedia, Kth. (ex specim. Cuman.) - a form with a short
introduced into Barbadoes ! C. ferruginea, Fesc. (non, L.).-TL ^ Jamau -ygg*, *£
At., Wils., March (a, j8) j S. Lucia, Anders.-, S. Vincent!, Guild. ; Baibadoes.,

nidad!, Sieb.Trin. 97; [Venezuela!, Para!].

Sect. 4 CvNorn alla. — Calyx 4- partite or Globed : divisions imbricate, concave.

Fruit usually silique-shaped, baccate , opening by rapture.

1 fi C cvnoTjhallophora. L. Leaves leathery, glabrous, oblong or heteromorphous,

fil/and ,Lied £ much b, U„ MeHmto ,<«*» ,■/>*
both the coasts], leathery, glabrous, oblong or oblong-lanceolate,

ry“ Auliguo!, S. Vi..=outl, W in «»

mountain woods; [S. Eustachc!].

CAPPAR1DE/E.

19

18. C. verrucosa, Jacq. Leaves leathery, glabrous, oblong, tapering towards the
bluntish top, subcordate at the base, shortly pe'tioled : axillary gland obovoid or abortive ;
peduncles ftw-flowered ; calyx 4- partite (4"'-G'" long) : segments roundish, large : petals
obovate, glabrous, twice exceeding the outer sepals and exceeded as much by the subinde-
iinite stamens; fruit oblong, tubercled, equalling the gynophore. — Jacq. Amer. Piet. t. 14S ;
Pesc. FI. 1. 1. 29. — C. amplissima, Lam. C. Baducca americana, L. — The habit and form of
leaves agree with C. eustachiana, but the larger calyx, and especially the thick and short
fruit, present distinctive characters. Sepals of the same breadth, but the exterior only 4s",
the interior 6'" loug ; petals white, 8'"— 9"' long ; stameus about 24 ; fruit l"-2" long, 6'"-
10"' diameter. — Hab. Trinidad!, Loc/c/t.; [Haiti, S. Thomas!; Mexico, Venezuela!, New
Granada!].

19. C. frondosa, Jacq. Leaves leathery, glabrous, oblong, usually pointed, long-
petioled ; veins prominent on both sides ; corymb terminal ; calyx 4s-lobed (1'" long) : lobes
roundish, small, about four times exceeded by the glabrous corolla ; stamens indefinite,
equalling the corolla. — Jacq. Amer. Piet. t. 153. — C. commutata, Spreng. (ex loco). C.
cuneata, PC. (ex descr.). — A tree-like shrub with a few stems (undivided sometimes to 20'
above the ground : Pdf altogether 7-25' high ; leaves much larger than in the preceding,
10"-3" long, usually minutely cordate at the base, but valuable in breadth and shape]:
petiole at length often 2"— 1" long ; axillary glands minute or none, and those in the calyx
much less developed than in any of the preceding species ; corymb subcontracted, terminating
a stiff’ peduncle (the end of the branch) ; petals pale greenish-purple ; fruit short, 1"— 2"
long, 4"'-6'" diam., about double the length of the gynophore. — Hab. Jamaica!, M‘Nab,
Pd., in woods; Trinidad!, Pd., Cr.; [Haiti, Guadeloupe!; A'euezuela !, Rio Magdalenas !].

6. MORISONIA, L.

Calyx rupturing. Petals 4. Stamens 20-6. Ovary 4-loeuIar by spurious dissepiments,
S nv^d’ Berry globose. Trees ; leaves glabrous, leathery, entire ; corymbs lateral.

Ihe stamens, inserted upon a disc, are not monadelphous ; but though the habit of Mori-
sonia agrees perfectly with Capparis, its reduction, proposed by Swartz, is not justified,
and its peculiarity might rather serve as an argument for the ulterior division of Capparis •
as the thin dissepiments, which (analogous to those of Cruciferce) in M. americana, L., divide
the 4 parietal placentas into 8, do not occur in Capparis ferruginea, where the fruit has a
similar form, but the ovary is unilocular with 2 placentas.

20. M. americana, L. Leaves oblong, concolor, at length devoid of lepidote scales •
stamens about 20.— Jacq. Amer. Piet. t. 144; Peso. FI. 7. t. 532.— A low tree, about 15'
high ; branchlets and inflorescence leprous ; leaves shining, 4"-6" long, bluntish : petiole
thickish often 1 ' long ; corymbs shortly stalked, few-flowered; calyx closed in the ovoid
bud, bifid by rupture, about half the length of the white corolla ; petals leprous on the ex-
terior downy on the interior side, obovate, 6'" long, a little exceeded by the stamens : those
equalling the gynophore, hairy below ; ovary longitudinally striated, constricted below the
large, round, umbiheate stigma ; berry size of a small orange (l£"-2" diam.). — Hab Domi-

H^iradeT'A^ °U ^ Calcareous seasllorc J Trinidad !, Lockh. ; [S. Thomas,

„ ,M‘ fmTa:yi’ Gr- SP-)- Leaves elliptical, pointed, shining above, pale-glaucous be-

fikWj C?™nnS; stamens 8 (-6). -A timber tree: branchlets bearing scales;

i . , ., otlS> wlth a bluntish point, discolor, covered beneath with minute, confluent
scales : midrib and principal veins devoid of scales, promiuulous beneath : petiole 4"'-3'"

had’mZlbt SMSCSS«le,iacteira,1’ few'fi°wered> Aprons ; calyx leprous, closed in the ovoid
tl uLcr m-Li ergtM4 C) bCam‘= f0UI Slands the outside of the depressed disc, to
antfiers nl) ? which the corolla and stamens are inserted ; petals 4, villous within ;

hIb Domin’ I rry aS™ !n SPccl,ncus> the lowers of which are not vet opened.-
riAB. Dominica !, hnr., “ Bois dore,” in the mountains.

7. STERIPIIOMA, Spring.

(Stcphania, PC.)

Calyx bifid. Petals 4. Stamens 6. Ovary bilocular by a spurious dissepiment, stalked.

c 2

20

BIXINE2E.

Berry globose. — Shrubs; leaves entire; peduncles one-Jlowered, axillary, eernuous , and
together with the calyx covered ivith orange-coloured tubercles.

22. S. elliptica, Spr. Leaves cuueate-oblong or elliptical, mucronale, pubescent be-
neath, longer than the petiole. — Stephania, DC. — A shrub, 6' high; leaves about 3" long,
shiniug above ; calyx campanulatc, bilid by rupture, 6"' long : the posterior lobe broader,
ovate, blunt ; petals spathulate, 8'" long, exceeded by the stamens. — Hab. Trinidad !, Schach,
Cr. ; [Cumanal].

XIY. BIXINEzE.

[Flacourtianeie. Samyde*.]

Stamens inserted on a hypogynous or perigynous disc. Pistil paracarpous. Embryo in-
cluded in the axis of the fleshy endosperm : cotyledons foliaceous. — Woody plants; leaves
not divided ; stigmas deciduous.

The Bixinece have in most cases dotted leaves, and possess accordingly aromatic proper-
ties, of which no particular use is made. From the testa of the Aruotta-tree ( Roucc.u of
the French) the celebrated red dye of that name is extracted : it is a resinous substance
with stomachic properties.

Tribe I. BIJE2E. — Capsule dry : valves bearing the placentas on their middle line.
Stamens hypogynous, indefinite.

1. BIX A, L.

Sepals 5, distinct, imbricate, deciduous, alternating with exterior glands. Petals 5.
Anthers reflexed : the descendent part adherent to the ascending : cells dehiscent vertically
at the bend by an abbreviate fissure. Ovary unilocular, with two placentas : style simple ;
stigma bilobed. Capsule bivalved : seeds indefinite, turbinate. — Trees ; leaves entire, long-
petioled, dotted; flowers large, rosy (or white), arranged in a terminal corymb.

1 B. Orellana, L. Leaves glabrous, cordate or ovate, pointed. — SI. t. 181. /. 1 ;
Puss FI. 2. t. 20 ; Desc. FI. 1. t. 4.— B. platycavpa, R. P., Clos : a form with the capsule
less cordate.— A low tree, 10'-12' high.— Hab. Jamaica, S. Lucia !, on the banks of rivers;
fthe whole of tropical America ; naturalized in the East Indies and Africa].

Tribe II. FLACOURTIANEJE.— Pericarp fleshy. Stamens inserted upon a free disc.

2. LJ5TIA, L.

Sepals 4-5, distinct, imbricate, biserial, all or partly corolline, at length deciduous. Pe-
tals 0 (-5). Stamens indefinite: anthers erect, roundish. Ovary unilocular, with 3-5
placentas : style simple ; stigma capitate. Pericarp drupaceous, dehiscent : seeds indefinite,
arillate— Trees or shrubs ; leaves dotted; flowers arranged in axillary corymbs.

2_ jj. Thamnia, Stv. Leaves elliptical or elliptical-lanceolate, blunt, crenulate or sub-
entire, petioled, glabrous ; corymbs peduncled ; sepals 4, all corollme, 2 interior ciliate ; pe-
tals none ; fruit velutine, globose ; placentas 4-6.— Br. Jam. t. 25./. 2.— A shrub or low
tree very fra°rant ; leaves 3" long, subeoriaceous, dotted with pellucid lines and points ;
corymbs 3-9-flowered, exceeded by the leaves ; sepals 2'" long, rosy-white (the interior ra-
ther paler), roundish, somewhat puberulous ; pericarp in the younger state with a thick,
woody layer, which narrows the cell, but at length dehiscent.— Hab. Jamaica 1 Macf., Pd.,
Alex., March, Wils., common in the southern districts on limestone ; [Haiti .J.

3. LUNANIA, 1 look.

Serials 2 distinct, valvar, marcescent. Petals 0. Stamens 6, inserted upon a cup-like
disc, alternating with its simple teeth: anthers erect, oblong, introrse. Ovary unilocular,
with 3 placentas : style shortly trifid. Pericarp ... .-A tree ; leaves obsolete^ dotted,
ovate, pointleted, entire, glabrous, palmatinerved : 3 ribs stronger, and
a little above the base; racemes elongated, drooping, lateral or axillary, fascicled at the
end of the branches : pedicels short, scattered, articulated at the base; sepals roundish,

concave, membranaceous.

3. B. racemosa, Hook.— Hook, in Lond. Journ. of Bat. 3. p. 317- t. 11, 12.— A fo-

BIXINEiE.

21

rest tree, about 25' high ; leaves 3"-5" long, petioled : stipules not observed ; racemes fili-
form, 12'' long and more, sometimes branched ; sepals 1£'" long, equalling the stamens. —
11ab. Jamaica 1, Pd., JVils., in woods of the northern districts of S. Mary ; [Cuba!, Lin-
den, 2130],

4. XYLOSMA, Worst. (1786.)

(Ilisingera, Hell., 1792. Rournea, Foil., 1815. Elacourtise sp. Americ. ap. Kth ,

Benth., etc)

Flowers usually deciduous. Sepals 4-5, distinct or coherent at the base, imbricate, mar-
cescent. Petals 0. Stamens indefinite : anthers roundish, didymous, affixed to the filament
above the base. Ovary unilocular, with 2-6 placentas : ovules definite, 2-4 on each ; styles
short, distinct, or combined at the base : stigma thickened, subemarginate. Berry inde-
hiscent, few-seeded. — Shrubs or trees, usually with axillary spines ; leaves obsoletely dolled,
leathery, serrate: serratures often glandular, and stipules early disappearing ; flowers
small, axillary, arranged in fascicles or short racemes.

4. X. nitidum, As. Gr. in lit. Leaves ovate, ovate-lanceolate, or oblong-lanceolate,
glabrous, subcoriaceous : serratures blunt, glandular ; flowers dioecious, fascicled : fascicles
shorter than the petioles or equalling them ; calyx 4-5-partite, about half the length of the
stamens: segments ciliate ; styles 2-4(-6) ; placentas 2(-4)-ovuled ; berry globose-ovoid. —
Hellen. in Act. Holm. 1792, t. 3 ; Poit. in Mem. Mus. 1. t. 4. — Ilisingera, Hell. Rournea
coriacea, Poit. Flacourtia celastrina et flexuosa, Kth. H. nitida et pubernla, Schlecht. H.
elegans, Clos. Prockia obovata, Prl. (ex specim. Mexic). H. lloumea, Cl os. — A shrub,
spiny or unarmed, veiy variable in the size and form of the leaves, the spines compound or
simple, the down of the calyx, the length of the stamens, and the number of the carpels.
Leaves l"-4" long, usually acuminate. — It might be doubted whether, among the above
synonyms, Rournea coriacea, Poit. (II. Rournea, Cl.), is correctly placed here, as Poiteau
figures a plant with 5 styles, and Kunth describes it with 5 or 6 styles, and as the former
found 10, the latter 20 ovules, though both of them doubtfully, while among the many
specimens compared by myself the number of styles and consequently of the placentas did
not exceed 4, the same varying between 2 and 4, and the placentas being usually 2-ovuled :
but as there is no other specific character, the greater number of ovules seems only the
consequence of the higher number of carpels, the placentas bearing in the same species 2 to
4 ovules, and thus Kunth’s highest number being in correspondence with 5 or 6 carpels. —
LIab. Jamaica!, Pd., Alex., Trinidad!, Pd., Cr., on mountains; [Haiti; Mexico ! on both
coasts, Guatemala!, Veraguas!, Venezuela!, Bio Negro !, Spruce, 1533, Bahia!].

Tkibe III. PIlOCKlEAh. — Pericarp fleshy, not dehiscent. Stamens inserted upon a

perigynous disc.

5. TRILIX, L.

(Prockia, P. Br. Banara, Aubl.)

Calyx 3-4-partite : segments valvate. Petals 3-4 (or abortive). Stamens indefinite : an-
thers roundish, erect. Ovary incompletely or completely divided by the protruding 3-8
paiietal placentas : style simple, with the stigma obsoletely lobed. Pericarp baccate : seeds
indefinite, longitudinally striated. — Shrubs or trees ; leaves serrate , stipulate ; corymbs or
panicles terminal .

Sect. 1. Prockia. Ovary Z-5-localar, by the placentas contiguous in the axis.

Stipules foliaceous, deciduous. Leaves not dotted.

5. T. crucis, Gr. (PI. Carib. p. 17). Leaves ovate or cordate, acuminate, serrate with

c point entire, membranaceous : petiole thin ; corymbs few-flowered ; segments of calyx
v //°cate,7 ^°'v,ny in^rnally: petals lanceolate, downy (occasionally all, or some, abortive).
c/V. ' Pm. H°°k- Ic. t. 94. — Prockia, L. P. completa, Hook. Ascra brasiliensis,
r’/t ^ ^ middle-sized tree, 20'-25' high ; leaves glabrous (or sometimes
lion ,g ’ petal8 ycl,owish< odorous ; berry size of a pea. Bennett (PI. .Javan,
r l , wc P remarked that the species is “ very variable as regards the shape and ser-

ration ot the leaves, the length of the petioles, the size of the stipules :” so it is also in the

22

BlXINEiE.

number of floweisparts. — I-Iab. Antigua!, Dominica!, Imr.; [Cuba! to Brazil !, and Mexico,
to Peru !].

Sect. 2. Banara. — Ooary incompletely 5-8 -locular, by the placentas protruding and co-
vered with ovules. Stipules minute ; leaves sparingly doited, furnished with infundi-
bular glands on the serratures : one or two larger glands usually observable on the
petiole near its top.

6. T. glandulosus, Bomb. Leaves ovate-oblong or oblong, pointleted, serrate,
pubescent beneath : petiole thickish ; panicle formed of racemes ; segments of calyx 3 (-4),
ovate pointed or bluntish, tomentose ; petals as many, ovate or oblong, blunt, tomentose.—
Poepv Nov Gen. t. 285. — Kuhlia mollis, Poepp. Banara, Tul — A shrub, exceedingly varia-
ble in the down, the shape of the leaves, the form and size of its serratures, and the ength
of the petiole, the proportion of the calyx-tube, the form of its segments the number ot
placentas aud stigma-lobes, and the berry mucronate or depressed.— Branches usually
hoary-pubescent ; leaves 3"-5" long : veins prominent beneath ; lateral racemes of the panicle
short, terminal rather long ; calyx 3'" long, equalling the corolla, which is nearly of the
same texture, both whitish-green, with yellow anthers.— Our Trinidad specimens are re-
markable for their less membranaceous leaves, hoary-pubescent beneath, and their less pio-
found (sometimes obsolete) serratures ; but I cannot detect any specific character between
the three forms of Banara, distinguished by Tulasne as species, the synonyms o ^ which I
have given elsewhere.-HAB. Trinidad!, Pd., Cr., in woods, Northport, Arana; [Panama!
t o Peru ! and Guiana !].

Tribe IV. SAMYBEM— Pericarp usually dehiscent. Stamens perigynous.

Pedicels articulated at or above the base.

6. TIIIODIA, Benn.

(Lightfootia, Sw. Zuelania, Ach, Rich.)

Calyx 4-5 -partite, coralline : segments imbricate, marcescent. Petals 0. Stamens in-
definite alternating with glandular stamiuodes, inserted upon a short perigynous disc. Ovary
unilocular with 3-4 placentas : stigma peltate, subsessile. Pericarp baccate, dehiscent.
Trees or shrubs: leaves oblong, serrate or crenate : stipules mmute; flowers axillary or

^ThisSufifa connecting link between Lcetia and Casearia, from the former of which
it is chfefly distinguished by the broad stigma and the sterile filaments, the pengynons
insertion being only a slight difference of degree, higher developed m Samyda.

I ^Sut!

ca ‘ .18 “ -1-4

Samyda icosandra, Sw. (hi. p. I Jbt). Aueiama neuum , annually

longifolia, the

western hills; [Cuba!; Panama!]. • q fi flowered •

. _ . 771m rj i Tp/wpi ovate- oblon e, serrate , glabrous ; fascicles 3-o-nowcrea ,

W .ho *. of a currant. Hab.

on the Sulfur mountain, Ryan.

1. CASEAltIA, Jacq.

Calyx 5 (-4) -partite (rarely 5-fid), coralline, marcescent: segments imbricate. «•

vaiyx i 1 inserted upon a perigynous disc, fertile 8-10 (-15), alternating

Stamens ddlU anther roundish. Ovary unilocular, with 3 (-4) placentas. Pericarp

Mso’e.r.S.1 iSto-Stob. »■ trcea , io.vc, „,U,j pmU. P* *#*

BIXINE2E.

23

pellucid lines and points : stipules deciduous ; flowers small, arranged in axillary fascicles
or corymbs.

Sect. 1. Crate ria. — Style trifid. Fruit without pulp— Leaves evergreen. Fascicles

axillary. Stamens 10.

9. C. sylvestris, Sw. Leaves glabrous, elliptical, ovate, or lanceolate, entire or obso-
letely serrate : pellucid dots and lines numerous ; stipules minute; flowers fascicled, crowded,
minute : pedicels articulated a little below tbe middle ; segments of calyx ciliate, oval or ob-
loug, rounded at t.he top ; fruit globose, minute. — SI. t. 211./. 2. — C. parviflora, W et Mac-
fad. ! ( non Jacq .). — A shrub, either low (6'-10' high) or arborescent (10-35' high) ; leaves
pointleted, usually unequal at the base, very variable in size and form : petiole mostly exceeding
the pedicels ; calyx pale-yellow, 2-3 times smaller than in most other species (/" long) ; stylo
shortly trifid, with 3 capitate stigmas; fruit 2'" diam., red, rather dry. — Hab. Jamaica!,
Fist., Pd., Macf, Wils., March, common in mountain woods !, S. Kitts ! ; Trinidad !, Cr. ;
[Cuba ! to Portorico 1, S. Thomas 1 ; Mexico ! to New Granada 1, Guiana !, Brazil !].

Sect. 2. Pitumba. — Style simple: stigma capitate. Fruit small, without pulp. — Leaves
evergreen: stipules leafy, early deciduous. Fascicles axillary. Stamens 10.

10. C. serrulafca, Sw. I Leaves glabrescent, lanceolate or elliptical-lanceolate, sharply
serrulate: pellucid dots and lines numerous ; stipules elongated ; flowers fascicled; pedicels
articulated near or helow the middle; segments of calyx puberulous, ovate, blunt ; fruit
ovoid-globose, minute. — C. ulmifolia, V. C. serrata, Macf ad. ! — A shrub, 8' high :
branches virgate, pubescent or glabrat.e ; leaves pointleted, unequal at the base, very variable
in their size and shape (5"— 1" long, 2"-6'" broad), usually with some down on the midrib
beneath : serratures minute, incurved, numerous ; stipules linear, exceeding the petiole ;
calyx about 1"' long, growing out during anthesis ; fruit 2'" long. — TIab. Jamaica !, Macf.,
Alex.; Nevis !, Sw. ; Trinidad !, Loclch., Cr. ; [equatorial Brazil !].

11. C. stipularis, Vent. Leaves lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate, serrulate, glabrous
above, hoary (pubescent or glabrate) beneath : pellucid dots and lines scattered (or not con-
spicuous) ; stipules elongated ; flower-fascicles substipit.ate : pedicels articulated below the
middle ; segments of calyx hoary-pubescent, ovate, blunt, double the length of the costate
tube; fruit . . . . — Vent. Choix, t. 46. — C. lanceolata, Miq. ! C. Plostmauuiana, Steud. in
Mostm. PI. Sarin, n. 1104! — A shrub or small tree; leaves pointleted, or acuminate, equal
at the base ; stipules much exceeding the petiole ; calyx 2'" long, at length keeled by 5-10
projecting, obtuse lines. — PIab. Jamaica, Wils., e.g. near Bath; [Cuba! to Rio Janeiro!].

Sect. 3. Iroucana. — Style simple: stigma capitate. Fruit large, pulpy. — Leaves deci-
duous. Fascicles or corymbs usually lateral, precocious. Stamens 10-8.

12. C. parvifolia, W. Leaves glabrous, lanceolate or elliptical-lanceolate, serrate:
pellucid dots rare or none ; stipules elongated ; flowers fascicled, precocious ; pedicels arti-
culated below the middle ; segments of calyx puberulous, oblong-linear, bluntish ; stamens
10 ; fruit pulpy, globose, large. — Jacq. Amer. Piet. t. 127. Lam. III. t. 355. /. 2 :
Anavinga. — Sainyda parviflora, L. ( exclus . synon. SI.). C. parviflora, Jacq., Pick.' ( non
W., non Macf ad). C. serrulata, Sieb. Mb. Mart. n. 121 ! C. nitida, Sieb. ib. n. 124 !
(non alior).—-A. shrub, about 15' high ; leaves equal at the base, taper-pointed ; stipules
linear, equalling the petiole, deciduous; calyx white, 1"'-1/" long; fruit 6"' diam., eatable;
seeds enclosed in a rich yellow pulp. — Hab. Dominica!, Imr. ; Trinidad!, Cr., in moun-
tain woods ; [Cuba ! to Martinique!, Guiana, Pernambuco].

13. C. hirsuta, Sw. Leaves elliptical or oblong, serrate, glabrate above, clovmy be-
neath : pellucid dots and lines scattered or rare ; stipules . . . ; flower-fascicles lateral,
ahaggy > pedicels short, articulated above the base ; segments of calyx oblong or oblong-
linear, bluntish ; stamens 10 ; fruit globose, toineutose, large. — Kunth, Nov. Gen. t. 480.

C. mollis, Klh. — A shrub, 8'— 25' high ; leaves soft, usually pointed ; calyx 2"' long, whitish
and densely shaggy; fruit 0'" diam., exactly globose. — Hab. Jamaica (Sw), in mountain
woods ; [Cuba ! to Guiana !].

14. C. hirta, Sw. Leaves elliptical, entire or obsoletely serrate, glabrate above, shaggy
beneath: pellucid dots numerous, lines rare; stipules elongated; fl&tver- fascicles lateral

24

BIXINEiE.

precocious, shaggy ; pedicels short, articulated below the middle ; segments of calyx 4-5,
obloug-lauceolatc, blunt ; stamens 8 ; fruit ovoid, shaggy. — A shrub or tree, nearly allied
to the preceding, but distinguished by the leaves more dotted, and with distant serralures or
without any ; calyx white, 2"'-3'" long. The style has been erroneously described as trifid
by Swartz and by Macfadyen. — Hab. Jamaica!, Pel., Mac/., Alex., March, common on
mountain pastures ; [Cuba !].

15. C. ramiflora, Vahl. Leaves glabrous, elliptical-oblong or elliptical, serrulate-
crenate or subeutire : pellucid dots and lines numerous ; stipules linear, equalling the petiole ;
llower-lascicles lateral, precocious; pedicels equalling the bower, articulated at the middle ;
segments of calyx puberulous, ovate-oblong, blunt ; stamens 8 ; fruit globose, glabrous.--
Aubl. t. 127. — A shrub or tree, 6'-20' high, very fragrant ; leaves shining and more rigid
than in the preceding, usually blunt, tapering at the base ; serralures with an appressed
point ; calyx white, 2'" long ; fruit 4'" diam.

a. Leaves oblongate (3"-5" long) ; branches unarmed.

£. spinosa, W." Leaves elliptical (l"-2" long) ; branches sometimes spinescent.— C.
odorata, Mac/.- — Hab. Jamaica !, Mac/., March, common in thickets, on pastures of the
hills; [Cubai to Bahia!].

16. C. nitida, Jacq. Leaves glabrous, ovate or oblong, serrulate-crenate or subentire :
pellucid dots uumerous ; stipules ovate, small ; flowers corymbose, axillary and appearing
with the leaves ; pedicels articulated below the middle; segments of calyx ovate, rounded ;
stamens 8-10, subexserted ; fruit ovoid, glabrous. — Br. Jam. t. 23. /I 3 : flos. Jacq. Amer.
Piet. t. 126. Samyda, L. ; Lam. Cas. corymbosa, Kth. {ex specim. Gouclot.). — A shrub,
6-15' high ; leaves shining, blunt at the top, variable in the form and the serratures :
petiole long, but exceeded by the corymb; calyx white, puberulous; fruit 4'"-6'" long,
purple.— IIab. Jamaica 1, Mac/., March; [Mexico! to Venezuela! and New Granada !].

8. GUIDONIA, Gr.

(Samyda, sect. Guidonia, DC)

Calyx 5-4-partite, corolline, marcescent : segments imbricate. Petals 0. Stamens
definite, 8-10, inserted upon the inner side of a cupuliform, and at the base, perigyuous
tube, alternating with its ciliate crenatures ; anthers roundish. Ovary unilocular, with 3
placentas. Pericarp fleshy, dehiscent : seeds arillate. — Shrubs or trees ; leaves of Case-
aria ; flowers axillary, shortly stalked.

17. G. spinescens, Gr. Leaves lanceolate-oblong, serrate, glabrous above, glabrescent
beneath : pellucid dots numerous, lines rare ; stipules subulate ; flowers glomerate or subso-
litary, pubescent ; segments of calyx 4-5, roundish; stamens 8—10 ; crenatures of the disc
broad, truncate. — Samyda, Sw. Casearia brevipes, Benth. — A shrub ; brancblets leafy,
tomentose and glabrescent, at length sometimes spinescent; leaves with appressed, mjfcro-
nate or obsolete serratures : base and top pointed or blunt ; calyx expanded, whitish, 4 -6
diam ; anthers just exceeding the crenatures of the disc ; ovary pubescent : style simple ;
stigma capitate ; pericarp ovoid.-IlAB. Trinidad 1 : Lockh., Cr., on dry savannahs ; [Cuba I
to Guiana!].

9. SAMYDA, L.

Calyx 5-6-fid, corolline, marcescent : lobes imbricate. Petals 0. Stamens definite,
10-12, monadelphous, all fertile, perigynous : anthers roundish, inserted upon the creua-
tures of the stamiual tube. Ovary unilocular, with 3 (-4) placentas : style simple. Pericarp
fleshy, dehiscent: seeds arillate.— Shrubs ; leaves of Casearia : stipules minute; flowers
larger than in Casearia, axillary, solitary or a flew fascicled ■’ pedicel short or none.

18 S glabrata, Sw. Leaves leathery, oblong, entire or obsolctcly serrulate, glabrous:
pellucid dots and lines distant ; flowers campanulas, exceeding the petiole pubescent ;
stamens 10-12, exceeded by the style.— Vent. Choix, t. 43.— S. spinulosa, Vent.— A shrub,
5'-12' high; brauchlcts pubescent; leaves 3"-5" long; flowers solitary or a few in the
Lil suk.Liie or shortly stalked ; calyx grcem.h-.hile, long. lob. » ovate bl

expanded; fruit “size of a plum, subglobose. —Hab. Jamaica!. Bis/., Hits., At., in
woods; [Portorico, 8t. Thomas].

VIOLACErE.

25

19. S. serrulata, L. Leaves soft, oblong or elliptical, serrate, pubescent or glabrate
above, velvety beneath ; flowers campauulate, pubescent ; stamens 10-12. Plum., ed. Burm.
t. 146./. 2 ; Bot. May. t. 550.— S. pubescens, L., partim. S. rosea, Sims : the form with •
red and fascicled flowers. — A shrub ; leaves 2"-4" long, variable in being pointed or blunt,
in the size and number of the mucronate serratures, and in the down of the upper side ;
flowers solitary or fascicled ; calyx white or red, 6"'-8'" long : lobes blunt. — Hab. Ja-
maica! : March, in the mountains; S. Yiucent; Trinidad!: Sieb. Mb. Trin. 46; [Haiti].

10. SADYMIA, Gr.

(Samydse sp., Sto .)

Calyx 5-fid, corolline : lobes imbricate. Petals 0. Stamens definite, 10, distinct, all
fertile, perigynous : filaments very short, inserted upon the throat of the calyx-tube ; anthers
oblong. Ovary unilocular, with 3 (-4) placentas : stigma peltate, subsessile. “ Pericarp
fleshy, dehiscent : seeds arillate.” — A shrub ; leaves of Casearia : stipules minute ; flowers
axillary, solitary, subsessile.

21. S. villosa, Gr. — Samyda, Sw.l — A low, pubescent shrub; leaves (2"-3" long,

8 '"-12"' broad) oblong, or elliptical, pointed, soft, hairy on both sides, and shaggy with a
rusty down on the nerves beneath, either subentire or serrate, with the serratures bluntish,
shortly petioled : pellucid dots numerous, lines rare ; flowers rather small (2"' long), pubes-
cent, “white;” calyx 5-fid to the middle, infundibuliform : lobes oblong, blunt, furnished
at the base and above the stamiual insertion-line with a few small glands; anthers oblong,
yellow, scarcely exceeded by the calyx- lobes. — Hab. Jamaica!, in the mountains: Sw.

XV. LACISTEMEiE.

Flowers amentaceous, apetalous. Calyx 4(-6)-partite, corolline. Stamen single, hypo-
gynous, inserted within a disc. Pistil paracarpous. Embryo included in the axis of fleshy
endosperm: cotyledons foliaceous. — Woody plants; leaves not divided, dotted with minute
points : stipules deciduous ; catkins axillary ; bracts furnished with 2-4 accessory, lateral
bracteoles.

1. LAC1STEMA, Sw.

Bracts including a single, hermaphrodite flower : bracteoles 2. Anther-cells distinct.
Pericarp baccate, not dehiscent. — Shrubs or trees.

1. Hi. myricoides, Sw.l Leaves elliptical-oblong, glabrous, quite entire; catkins
sessile, aggregate, equalling the petiole; stigmas 2-3, sessile. — Act. Helvet. 7. t. 10; Sw.
Fl. t. 21 : flos. Rudy. Guian. t. 4. Piper aggregatum, Berg. P. fasciculare, Rudy. —
A shrub or middle-sized tree ; leaves 4"-6" long : petiole 4"'-6'" long ; catkins 3-9, cylin-
drical.; bracts roundish, somewhat exceeded by the linear bracteoles ; calyx white : seg-
ments oblong-lanceolate, shorter than the bract ; disc membranaceous, cupuliform ; stamen
exceeding the bract; anther bipartite: divisions roundish, with a single, introrse cell;
ovary ovoid, with 2-3 parietal placentas : stigmas linear, recurved, short ; ovules numerous ;
berry ovoid, 4"' long. — Hab. Jamaica!, At., Wils., March ; Trinidad!, Lockh., Pd., Cr.;
[Cuba!; Panama! to Brazil!].

XVI. VIOLACEiE.

Stamens 5, hypogynous : .anther-cells adnate, introrse, exceeded by the membranaceous
connective. Pistil paracarpous : placentas 3 ; style simple ; ovules usually anatropous.
Pericarp mostly dehiscent, medianicide. Embryo included in the axis of fleshy endosperm :
cotyledons mostly flat. — Leaves stipulate , involute during development.

The Order contains an acrid, usually emetic principle, used in medicine, from Viola tri-
color and Ionidium strict am.

1. CORYNOSTYL1S, Mart. (1S24.)

(Calyptrion, Giny. 1824.)

Sepals 5. Petals 5, asymmetrical : anterior long-spurred, two posterior small. Anthers

20

DROSE11ACE2E.

triadelplious, produced at the ba3e : appendage bearded. Style clavate : stigma lateral.
Capsule woody: seeds flat. — Twining shrubs: stipules deciduous; corymbs terminal:
pedicels elongated, articulated above two bracteoles.

1. C. Hybanthus, Mart. Leaves ovate, serrulate, glabrous or glabrescent beneath ;
sepals blunt; spur subcylindrical, blunt, three times as long as the flower. — Marl. Nov. ■
Gen. 1. t. 17, 18. — Viola, Aubl. Meg. FI. Esseq. / Calyptrion Aubletii, Ging. 0. nitidum,
Benth.l: a form with smaller flowers. Coryn. Benthamii, JFalp. — A vine, variable in the
form of the leaves, in their margin being serrate or repand and subentire, in the spur being
either slender or cylindrical, and constricted in the middle, and in the size of the flower ;
flowers white ; sepals 1-2"' long, ovate or oblong ; spur usually 1" long, horizontal.— Hah.

S. Vincent !, Guild.; [Tabasco!, Guiana 1, equatorial Brazil!].

2. VIOLA, L.

Sepals 5, produced at the base. Petals 5, asymmetrical : the anterior spurred or saccate.
Anthers connivent or coherent, 2 anterior tailed at the base. — Herbs; stipules persistent ;
peduncles axillary, one-flowered.

2 V. stipularis, Sw. Leaves elliptical or elliptical-lanceolate, pointed : serratures
blunt oppressed; stipules erect, oblong-lanceolate, taper-poiuted, fimbriate, 2-4 times
exceeding the petiole ; peduncles half the length of the leaf ; flowers cernuous ; spur ' very
short • stigma minute, lateral. — Habit of V , rubella, Cav. ; stem perennial, with solitary
flowers from the upper axils ; leaves glabrous : stipules 8'" long, long-ciliate ; flowers small,
blue, Hab. S. Kitts; [Martinique!, Sieb. Mart., 288; Venezuela!].

3* V tricolor, L. Annual; stem diffuse; leaves ovate or lanceolate; upper stipules
runcinately pinnatifid ; stigma urceolate.— Hab. Naturalized in the mountains of Jamaica
(Macfad.) ; [introduced from Europe into both temperate zones of America, and into the
mountains of warmer countries].

3. IONIDIUM, Vent.

Sepals 5 Petals 5, asymmetrical : the anterior largest, lahelliform, clawed : claw con-
cave or shortly gibbous. Anthers connivent : two anterior furnished with a gland at the

base. Herbs or shrubs ; leaves usually narrow ; peduncles axillary, articulated above the

middle ; flowers nodding.

4. I. strictnm. Vent. Inferior leaves opposite, oblanceolate, serrate, superior lanceo-
late-linear, bluntish, alternate'; stipules minute, subulate, rigid ; peduncles equalling the
leaves; sepals ovate-lanceolate, pointed, three times exceeded by the labellum ; limb of the
labellum rounded; seeds glabrous.— I. linarifolium. Vent. I. suffruticosnm, Wiclcstr.—Na.
annual diffuse herb, or suffrutescent, glabrescent ; leaves with remote serratures, or upper ones
entire ; sepals 1'" long, glabrous ; capsule few-seeded : seeds globose, yellowish-white.—
Hab. Antigua!, Nichols., in cultivated grounds; [Cuba! to Guadeloupe; Mexico].

4. ALSODEIA, Thou.

Anthers ligulate.-

-Shrubs or

Sepals 5. Petals 5, symmetrical, spreading at the top.
trees; flowers usually racemose.

5 A flavescens, Spr. Leaves opposite, ovate, pointletcd, subentire; racemes simple,
nuberulous : pedicels equalling the flower ; filaments very short, much exceeded by the con-
nivwrt anther^ — Aubl. t. 95. Couohoria, Aubl. A shrub ; leaves 5"-G" long, leathery,
glabrous.— Hab. Trinidad!, at Arima, Or.; [Guiana!].

XVII. DROSEKACEiE.

Stamens definite, hypogynous : anthers mostly extrorse Pistil
style mostly divided. Capsule mediamcidc. Embryo minute, included in the top of the
endosperm or exserted from it, rarely axile.— Glandulifespus herbs; leaves mostly involute

in the bud.

P0LYGALE2E.

27

An acrid principle exists in Drosera ; and according to Descourtilz one species of this
genus is applied as a blister in the West Indies.

1. DROSERA, L.

Calyx (4)-5-(8)-partite. Petals marccsccut, (4)-5-(8). Stamens of the same number :
anthers extrorse. Ovary unilocular, with 3-5 parietal placentas ; ovules several or indefinite.

Sect. Rossolis. — Stamens 5. Style tripartite, divisions bipartite. Stem simple , rolled

up during development, usually leafless, rostdate at the base; leaves bearing scariose

stipules in the axils.

1. D. longifolia, Sm. Stems glabrous, lateral, ascending ; leaves all rosulate, spathu-
late, shorter than the petiole : fringes equalling the diameter of the limb ; flowers several
(2-12) ; calyx glabrous, exceeded by the capsule ; seeds spatliulate-oblong : testa appressed,
pimpled. — D. intermedia, Hayn.

fS. americana, DC. Stems slender (5''-6" long), much exceeding the leaves ; pedicels
distant, filiform, equalling the capsule. — D. americana, IF. D. intermedia, var. elatior,
Planch. — Hab. Trinidad !, Cr. ; [the variety inhabits eastern America, from Canada to
South Brazil; a. is known to be European].

2. D. tenella. Kill. Stem glabrous, 2-3-flowered ; leaves all rosular, roundish, as long
as the petiole : fringes shorter than the diameter of the limb ; stipules 3-5 -partite, segments
2-3-fid; seeds oblong, pimpled. — Kth. Nov. Gen. 5. t. 490. f. 2. — Stem about 3" high,
slender ; leaves minute, fringed on the margin and upper side. — ITab. Trinidad !, Lockh. ;
[Venezuela to extra-tropical Brazil !].

XVIII. POLYGALEiE.

Flowers asymmetrical : the two onter whorls arranged in a quinary, the third and usually
the fourth in a binary order. Stamens hypogynous, definite, mostly diadelphous : anthers
dehiscent by pores. Pistil syncarpons, bilocular, rarely reduced and monocarpellary : ovules
pendidous, 1 (-2) : inner integument fleshy. Embryo included in the axis of a thin layer of
perisperm, or exalbuminous ; cotyledons foliaceous. — Leaves entire, without stipules.

Saponin is the prevailing principle of the Order, usually together with a bitter substance,
which is highly esteemed in medicine. Catocoma is used against syphilis in Trinidad (Cr.).
The anomalous genus Krameria is peculiarly rich in Tannic Acid ( Ratanhia ).

1. POLYGALA, L.

Sepals 5, the two lateral ones larger, coloured (wings). Petals 3 by abortion, partly
coherent ; the anterior (keel) difform. Stamens diadelphous, 8 (-6), adherent to the corolla :
anthers unilocular, dehiscent by a terminal pore. Capsule compressed, bilocular, loculicide :
seeds caruncled, albuminous, — Herbs or shrubs ; flowers mostly racemose or spicate : pedi-
cels usually articulated and tribracteolate at or near the base.

Sect. 1. Timutua.— Keel cristate. Upper lip of stigma cucullate, bearded at the in-
curved top. Canincle bipartite, with the segments appressed to the testa, or minute.

1 . P. Timoutou, Atibl. Annual ; glabreseent ; leaves elliptical-oblong, inferior verti-
cillate ; flowers spicate: spikes terminal, cylindrical, compact; style slender, dilated up-
wards : upper lip of stigma large, eucullatc, under lip short, cylindrical; capsule ovate,
shortly emarginatc ; seeds oblong, shortly tapering at the base, puberulous, black : segments
of the caruncle white, unilateral, oblong-linear, blunt, shortly exceeded by the extremity of
the testa. — Aubl. t. 295. — Stein slender, spithameous or dwarfish, angular ; leaves 8w-4,,/ long,
subsessile, pointed or bluntish, inferior 2-4 in the whorl ; flowers purpurascent, sessile :
wings ovate, equalling the corolla; petals coherent to the middle. — Hab. Trinidad!, on the
savannahs: Pd., Cr.; [Guiana!, Piauhy !].

2. P. longicaulis, Kth. Annual ; glabrous ; leaves linear, scattered ; racemes ter-
minal, capituliform : pedieeb equalling the inferior glanduliferous sepals; wings mu-
cronate ; petals cohering above the middle ; style slender, dilated upwards : upper lip of

28

POLYGALEdE.

stigma large, cucullate, under lip short, glandular ; capsule ovate-oblong, obtusatc and
shortly emarginate; seeds ob conical, silky -hairy aud fringed at the top: caruncle minute. —
P. incarnata, Aubl. ( non L.) . P. adenopkora, DC. P. stellera, DC. et Rick. Cub. P. ad-
pressa, St end. in PI. Hostm. ( non Benth.). — Stem slender, filiform, with a few fastigiatc
branches above the middle ; leaves distant, 6'" long, the lowest smaller and broader, all
dotted with glands ; flowers purpurascent, 4'" long ; sepals all membranaceous, three smaller
ones bearing a yellow gland at the base : wings exceeded by the corolla, oblong, 3- nerved :
the lateral nerves bearing usually only a few veins on the outer side and being simple above
the middle ; tube of corolla narrowly tubular ; capsule furnished on both sides with a double
series of yellow glands, liniug the dissepiment ; caruncle a minute spot, covered by the down
of the seed. — ILab. Trinidad !, Cr., on savannahs; [Cuba and Mexico to Brazil 1]

3. P. variabilis, Klh. Annual ; glabrous ; leaves linear, scattered ; racemes terminal,
capituliform. : pedicels equalling or exceeding the inferior sepals, which are usually destitute
of glands ; wings rounded at the top ; petals cohering to the middle; style slender, dilated
upwards : upper lip of stigma large, cucullate, under lip shorter, thickened ; capsule ovate-
oblong, obtusate and shortly emarginate ; seeds obconical, silky-hairy and fringed at the top :
caruncle minute. — Ktli. Noe. Gen. 5. t. 509. — P. sororia, Miq.l: a form destitute of pel-
lucid dots in the leaves (P. stellera, Miq.l, in PI. Hostm.).— Stem slender, filiform, usually
a foot high, or spithameous : branches distant, spreading; corolla purple or white, equalling
the wings, the lateral nerves of which bear usually 5-6 veins on the outer side. In all the
characters not mentioned, and in the glands of the capsule, it agrees with the preceding spe-
cies, to which it is very nearly allied. — II ab. Trinidad!, Pd., Cr., on savannahs; [Venezuela!
to Brazil !].

4. P. paniculata, L. Annual; minutely puberulous or glabrescent ; leaves linear,
scattered ; raceme terminal, elongated : pedicels at length cernuous ; style short, equalling
the stigma: upper lip of stigma rounded-cucullate, under lip prominent, a little shorter;
capsule elliptical-oblong, shortly emarginate ; seeds oblong, rounded at both ends, pubescent :
caruncle bipartite, with the segmeuts linear— Sw. Obs. t. 6./. 2. — P. modesta, Miq! in PI.
Happier. : a glabrescent, white-flowered form. — Stem ascending, usually much-branched,
filiform, 8"-12" long ; leaves 6"'-8"' long, dotted ; flowers purpurascent or white ; wings ob-
long, blunt, equalling the corolla ; segments of the caruncle exceeding half the length of the
black seed, deciduous. — IIab. Jamaica !, Pd., Wils., Al., March, in mountain pastures ;
Dominica !, Imr., S. Vincent !, Guild. ; Trinidad !, Cr. ; [Mexico ! to Brazil 1 and Buenos
Ayres ; Western Africa].

Sect. 2. Syngala. — Keel not cristate, adherent to the stamens and superior petals at the
base. Stigma papilliform. Caruncle distinct from the seed, three-lobed, helmet-shaped.
— Two inferior sepals more or less united.

5. P. angustifolia, Kth. Annual; puberulous; leaves linear-lauceolate, taper-pointed,
shortly petioled, glabrescent ; racemes elongated ; inferior sepals united to the middle ; keel
nakedj equalling the obovate, persistent wings, and a little exceeding the superior petals ;
style subulate, infiexed: stigma bearded below the top; capsule oblong , emarginate, glabrous;
seeds cylindrical, oblong, silky and fringed at the rounded top. — Klh. Nos. Gen. 5. t. 511.
— P brizoides, St. HU. (FI. Bras. t. 88) : a form with narrow leaves. P. camporum,
Benth A P- mucronata, Macfad. /—Stem herbaceous, slender, branched, 8''-12" long;
leaves l"-2" long, 2'"-4"' broad ; racemes at length 2" long : pedicels ceruuous, mostly
unilateral ; flowers yellowish-purple ; capsule 2'" long, equalling the wings : these often
emarginate.— Hab. Jamaica 1, M‘Nab, Macf, on pastures ; Trinidad !, Loclch., Pd., Cr. ;
[Cuba ! and Mexico ! to Brazil !].

6 P. americana, Mill. Sulfrutescent, erect; pubescent; leaves ovate-lanceolate or
ovate pointed, shortly petioled ; racemes terminal ; inferior sepals united at the base ; keel
naked equalling the obovate, deciduous wings, and a little exceeding the superior petals;
stvle infiexed : stigma thickened, glabrous ; capsule orbicular, shortly emarginate, pubescent ;
seeds obovate, puberulous, mucrouate at the subtruncate top. — Kth. Nov. Gen. 5. t. 61*.-—
P rivimefolia Kth. P. caracasana, Kth. (ex specim. Schiedean. a Schlechtend. cum spectm.
Klh comvaratis) . — Stem slender, woody at the base, 1' high ; leaves membranaceous some-
times glabrescent, ciliate, 1"-1£" long, broad ; pedicels cernuous, mostly unilateral ;

POLYGALE.®.

29

flowers “ violet capsule G'" diam., membranaceous, flatly compressed ; seeds only 24'"
long. — IIab. Triuidad !, Loclch. ; [Mexico! to Venezuela !].

2. BADIERA, DC.

Sepals 5, deciduous, the two lateral ones larger. Petals 5, the two lateral ones small aud
ndhereut to the posterior ones: the anterior carinnl (heel). Stamens coherent, 8 (-G) : an-
thers bilocular, dehiscent by an introrse, oval, partitioned foramen. Capsule compressed,
obcordate, bilocular (or one cell abortive), at length loculicid : seeds crowned by a large
caruncle, albuminous. — Woody plants; leaves evergreen ; inflorescence axillary.

The character formerly used to distinguish Badiera from Polygala (the larger develop-
ment of an oily caruncle), is one of degree only, but the peculiar structure of the anthers
(observed in two species) is remarkable.

7. B. diversifolia, DC. Leaves ovate or oblong-lanceolate, glabrescent ; corymbs ex-
ceeding or equalling the petiole ; keel three times the length of the calyx , downy on the
sides; lilaments cohering nearly to the top. — P. Br. Jam. t. 5./. 3. 4. — Polygala, Z., Sw.
— A leafy shrub, about 15' high ; leaves variable in form, l"-3" long, 8"'-15"' broad, infe-
rior G'"-S"' long, blunt or tapering to a bluntish point ; corymbs shortly stipulate, proceed-
ing from all the upper axils; sepals ovate ; flowers white; keel 2'" long,'subtruneate, a little
exceeding the posterior petals ; style bluntish : the under lip of the stigma minute, distant ;
capsule firm, marginate, 4"' long and broad; caruncle operculiform, with its branches en-
closing the basilar part of the oval seed. — Hab. Jamaica!, Macf., Pd., Alex., Wils., March,
on arid rocks, in the southern and central districts.

3. CATOCOMA, Bentli.

Sepals 5, deciduous, the two lateral ones larger, coloured. Petals 5, two lateral reduced
to scales, the anterior carinal (keel). Stamens coherent, 8, adherent to the base of the
corolla : anthers unilocular, dehiscent by a terminal pore. Capsule compressed, bilocular,
loculicide. Seeds albuminous, crowned by a lanate caruncle: its wool containing the whole
seed. Shrubs or vines ; leaves evergreen ; flowers panic! ed.

8. C. lucida, Bentli. ! Shrubby; leaves elliptical-oblong or elliptical-lanceolate, shining
above, glabrescent beneath ; panicles terminal and axillary ; wings downy externally on the
median line; ovary glabrous: style indexed; capsule cuneate-oblong.— A shrub, 12'-15'
high: branchlets downy, glabrescent; leaves 3" long, 2"-l" broad f panicles interrupted
constituted of corymbiform racemes ; flowers white and yellow, 2'" long : win«-s obovate*
almost equalling the keel ; capsule variable in form, 4"'-9'" long, rounded-truncate or ernar-
ginate at the top. The wool of the caruncle is similar to that of Gossypium. — Hab Trini-
dad 1, Lockh., Cr. ; [Guiana!, Para!].

4. SECURIDACA, L.

Sepals 5 deciduous, the two lateral large, corolline. Petals 5, the two lateral reduced
to scales the anterior (keel) carinal, bilobed, with an appendage that is folded together and
expanded backwards between its lobes. Stamens coherent, 8, adherent to the base of the
corolla : anthers bilocular, dehiscent by two introrse, oval foramens. Ovary unilocular bv
abortion of the second, anterior carpel. Samara indehiscent : anterior margin of the wine
thickened, with a gibbosity (from the second carpel) at its base. Seed not caruncled exal-
buminous.— W oody vines shrubs ; leaves articulated at the base and furnished with

stipnlary glands ; racemes terminal and axillary.

The synonymy of the West Indian species is obscure, as most authors have been in the
habit of referring different figures to the same species, and iu some instances seem to
have completed their descriptions from erroneous quotations. I have four species, chieflv
stingmshed by the fruit : but I was obliged to neglect some of the descriptions of former
authors, confiding only in their figures.

S‘ erec*a> f- syn-Jacq.). Shrubby ; leaves ovate-lanceolate, ovate or obloii"
— ' P^crulous beneath; racemes dense, paniculate; flowers red; inferior sepals
b ,‘ntlsh; wings orbicular, equalling the shortly bilobed keel: appendage of
the keel denticulate, cquallmg the lobes ; posterior petals spatl.ulatc, blunt ; samara tapering

30

POLYGALE2E.

downwards from the subtruncate top, rectilinear on the upper margin : longitudinal diameter
of the carpid exceeding the breadth of the wing-base.— Jacq. Amer. Piet. t.Ml.J. 515 .
flower and samara. Plum. ed. Bunn. t. 24,7./. 1.— S. volubihs, L (ex cit.l 'turn., exclus.
sun Jaca ) • Mm. FI. Essen. ! : Burmann says, m the description of Plumier s plant, i ru-
ticosa, sarmentosa, scandens,” which is not opposed to Jacquin’s “rami graciles, long),
debiles.”— A straight-growing shrub, 10'-15' high, with a rich inflorescence ol usual y
elongated, many-flowered, terminal and axillary racemes; leaves 1* -3 long, usually
taneriuo- towards the top, pointed or blunt: veins prominent on both sides; flowers 6
Iona- purple (Jacq.: but violet iu his figure) or rosy {Kegel) ; wing of the samara about
L'"'broad at its base, 3'"-4"' at the top : appendage minute, bluntish.— Hab. Irmidad.
Or., in rocky woods, and among shrubs ; [S. Thomas to Guiana !, 1 auama . to equatonal

Bl“U s. virarata, Sw. Scandent ; leaves roundish, glabrous; racemes terminal , filiform,
cernuous- dowers distant, variegated; inferior sepals ovate-oblong, blunt ; wings orbicular,
3“ the shortly bilobed keel; appendage of the keel ciiiate-crena e or subent.e
equalling the lobes ; posterior petals obovate; “samara rectilinear from the rounded top
to the middle, and below it tapering to the base : longrtudmal diameto of the carpid ex-
fepflino- the breadth of the wing-base.’ ’—Plum. ed. Bunn. t. 24b./. 1 , luss. ii.i.z. tv.

Sec n 1 Br Jam. S. scandens, Tuss. ( non Jacq. nec Lam.). -A high climber: oranches

the habited o«r Cub. .peoin.os.-HA., J.na.o.
<5”l 's Scaniat, leaves ovate or oval, puberolou. and glabrcseent

blunt , wings orb , ^ . osterior petals spathulate, blunt; samara pub erulous : curved on
more straightisti, tapering i | — g scandens, Lam. ( non

« H°UooB; 1” broad «t tbe /^e »i.g USSS-fS L

broad towards, tb. top : »»S ™erted on the top . ^ ov.to e. Jf ^ for„d by .

S. Viuc.ut !, CM, [Cuba 1.

“TL-, a.. t.°r. tssJaf- jssisrs:

membranaceous; lacemes lax, corym - , / v bilobed keel; appendage of the keel

rounded; wings orbicular, equa ing ^ ^ top oblique and abruptly tapering

ex sorted, deotieulate; P»«™' .’little ebrved’ t.Vis the
downwards, exceeded a little • equalling the breadth of the wmg-

rounded top; carpid even ; ^^Mdiamem high climber (80'- 40' high),

base.— Sec. n. 2, Br. Jam. S. S f ^ vai.;able breadth, puberulous under the
with a showy inflorescence Vexing, cS’nstituted of 3”-4" long racemes: pedicels
glass ; panicle sdimtly t , nmgul , P egated with yellow: wings spreading ; samara

elongated; flowers 4 f P‘ towards the top, 4'” at the base : wing inserted on

glabrcseent, 1* long, 6 -8 bio appendage rounded, situated at the upper

the whole posterior margin ^ VI Pd, A/,, March, common on the

end of its anterior margin— Hab. Jamaica ., " >

limestone-formation of the southern districts ; [Haiti I].

5. KRAMEMA, L.

jt arfr- « » = «

EUPHORBIACEiE.

31

monocarpellary. Pericarp nucamentaceous, echinate : seed exalbumiuous. — Suffruticose
herbs ; ilowers purplish, axillary or racei/tose.

13. K. Ixina, L. Villous-pubescent; leaves elliptical-lanceolate, mucronate; flowers
racemose; sepals 4, pubescent externally ; posterior petals connected at the base ; stamens
4; spines of pericarp gloehidate. — Tuss. Ft. 1. t. 15. — Stem erect, branched, woody below:
brandies virgate, G"-12" long ; pedicels short, bibracteolate about the middle. — Hab. An-
tigua!, Wullsclil.; [Haiti, Cumana],

■ XIX. EUPHORBIACEiE.

[Antidesmete.]

Flowers unisexual. Pistil syncarpous, rarely reduced: cells 1-2-ovulate: ovules pendu-
lous, with a fleshy inner integument. Pericarp usually capsular, tricoecous, and with the
eudocarp separable. Embryo included within a fleshy perisperm : cotyledons leafy. —
Leaves mostly simple.

Acrid, poisonous properties prevail in the milky juice (. Euphorbia , Pedilanthus, Tragia,
Acalypha, Cicca, etc. ; poisonous trees are Hura, Sapium, and Jlippomane ) : but there are
some exceptions, as in the bitter-aromatic bark of many Croton species ( Cascarilla bark,
obtained chiefly from Croton Eluteria). The milk of Siphonia yields the American caout-
chouc. The oily seeds, though devoid of milk, are purgative in 'liicinus and Curcas. The
Cassava is the famous, nutritive rhizome of Janipha : the seeds of Cicca and Aleurites are
likewise eatable. Most of the West Indian Euphorbiacece are shrubs, or trees, some of
which produce timber.

Tribe I. BLXEAl. Ovary -cells 2-ovulate. Capsule loculicidal, ivith the dissepiments

cohering. Seeds ecarunculate.

1. TRICERA, Schreb.

Flowers monoecious. <? : Calyx 4-partite, coloured. Petals 0. Stamens 4, inserted
below a central rudiment; filaments broad: anthers recurved, introrse. £: Sepals 5.
Styles 3 (-4), inserted below the top of the ovary. — Shrubs ; leaves opposite, exstipulaie,
quite entire, glabrous, coriaceous; eoryinbiform cymes axillary, or lateral: £ flower
central, sessile.

Ihe arillus, mentioned by Swartz, is nothing but the loosened endocarp, dehiscent on the
inner side.

1. T. laevigata, Sw. Leaves ovate-lanceolate, pointed ; axillary cymes peduncled,
exceeded 3-4 times by the leaves: pedicels twice as long as the $ flowers : calyx- segments

ovate-lanceolate, exceeded by the subulate-oblong filaments. — Sw. FI. t. 7: Analyt. T.

citrifolia, W. ex Sieb. Mart. 208 1 Leaves 3I 11 long, 1 /,f broad : veins inconspicuous
beneath; calyx <? 2'" long; seeds 2'" long, convex-trigonal, shining-black.— Hab. Jamaica
in the Western hills {Sw.) ; [S. Croix, Martinique ! ; Venezuela].

2. T. fasciculata, Gr.{n.sp.). Leaves elliptical, poiuted, or bluntish ; axillary cymes

contracted, few-flowered, subsessile, or shortly peduncled, 2-3 times longer than the petiole :
pedicels as long as the S flowers : calyx-segments linear, bluutish, as long as the lanceolate
filaments.— A dwarfish shrub , leaves 3"-2" long, veiny on both sides ; fascicles 5-7-fiowered ;
ca yx $ 1 long; ovary long, much longer than the sepals, as long as the recurved

styles— Hab. Jamaica!, Pel ., on the Coffee-ridge, S. Ann’s.

I kibe II. PHYLLANTUEyE. Ovary-cells 2-ovulate. Capsule divided into cocci,
or baccate. Seeds usually ecarunculate.

Subtiubf. 1. ETtYPETEJE. — Stamens inserted around a central rudiment.

2. RICIIERIA, V.

M°wers dioecious. Calyx 5-4-partite, imbricative. Petals 0. Stamens 5-4, alternating
wi g ands : anthers globose-bilocular, extrorse. Ovary 3-celled : styles 3, short, revolute.
tapsule usually monospermous by abortion of 2 cells, 3-valved from the base upwards in

32

EUPHORBIA CEJE.

the dissepimental lines : valves separating from the 3-winged columella, and from the 2-
valvcd endocarps. Seed included within a pulpy' integument, ecarunculate. — A large tree ;
leaves quite entire, or remand, petioled : stipules deciduous; spikes lateral or axillary :
flowers $ clustered, ? scattered.

3. R. grandis, V. — Vahl, Eclog. t. 4. — Brancblcts rough with large petiolar cicatrices;
leaves 7"-4" long, obovate, glabrous : veins distant, reticulated beneath ; $ spikes subses-
sile, puberulous, spreading, H"-2" long, will1 the clusters distant, 5 (-1) -flowered : calyx
1"' long, half as long as the stamens; ? spikes shorter, with the flowers subsolitary, very
shortly pedicellate ; capsule ovoid, 6"'-4'" long : seed ovoid ; embryo green : cotyledons oval,
as broad as the perisperm.— Hab. Dominical: Imr., Trinidad ! : Sieb. Trin. 131 ; pirazil !].

3. I-IIERONYMA, Allem. (1848.)

(Stilaginella, Tut. 1851.)

Flowers dioecious. Calyx cupuliform, 3-6-toothed. Petals 0. Disc continuous. Sta-
mens 3-6 : anthers bilobed, extrorse, with a short rima : cells affixed to a globose connec-
tive. Ovary 2-celled: cells 2-ovuled; styles 2-3, bifid, short, revolute. Drupe niono-
spermous by abortion : seed ecarunculate, coriaceous. — Trees or shrubs, usually lepidote ;
leaves quite entire, petioled : stipules deciduous ; racemes or spikes usually compound,
axillary.

4. H. alchorneoides, Allem. Leaves oval, long-petioled, rusty, lepidote on both
sides, glabrous with the exception of the midrib, which is hairy or densely pilose beneath ;
panicles rusty-lepidote, half as long as the leaf : pedicels as long as the calyx ; stamens
6 (-3), exserted; drupe ovate (1"' long).— Allem. Diss. de Hieron. — Stilaginella hauna-
toxylon, Planch. — A tree: habit of Croton Eluteria ; leaves 6"-3" long : petiole 2"-li"
long ; branches of the panicle distant, 1"— 2" long ; putamen with the abortive cell snbper-
sistent : seed ovoid, rusty. — TIab. Jamaica! : Wils., Al., near Moneague; [Veraguas!,
Venezuela!, Brazil].

4. DRYPETES, V.

Floioer dioecious. Calyx 4-6-partite, imbricative. Petals 0. Stamens 4-6 (8-2), dis-
tinct: anthers ovoid, introrse. “ Ovary 2-1 -celled : cells 2-ovuled; stigmas subcapitate.
Pericarp drupaceous, usually monospermous by abortion.”— Woody plants; leaves coria-
ceous, glabrous ; stipules deciduous ; flowers axillary, fasciculate.

The West Indian Savia sessiliflora, W., is distinguished from Drypeles by a tricoccous
capsule : from its glomerate flowers D. glomeratus, PI. Carib., is perhaps a congener of
Savia.

5. X). crocea, Poit. Leaves elliptical, with
both sides ; <? pedicels numerous, twice as long
mens 4 (-5), 4 times as long as the minute calyx
flora, Sw. — A shrub; leaves 3''-4", pedicels 4"',
Hab. Jamaica!, Mac f.; [Haiti].

6. D. glauca, V. Leaves elliptical-oblong
entire, glaucous beneath; S pedicels exceeded by,
stamens 6—8, as long as the calyx.- Mem. Mus
2"' long ; central disc of $ scutelliform, lobed,
Dominica!, Imr.; [Portorico].

a bluntish point, quite entire, green on
as the petiole; calyx 4 (-5) -partite; sta-
. — Mem. Mas. 1. t. 8. — Schsefferia lateri-
filaments long; drupe “saffron.” —

or oblong, pointed or apiculate, quite
or equalling the petiole ; calyx 4-partite ;
1. t. 6. — A tree ; leaves T'-b", pedicels
villous within. — IIab. Montserrat (F.),

Subtkibe 2. E UP II YLLANTH E/E. — Stamens central.

5. CICCA, L.

Calyx 4-partite, imbricative : segments unequal. Petals 0. Stamens 4, distinct : ^ an-
thers extrorse. Ovary 5-2-celled ; styles bifid. Pericarp drupaceous, or baccate. Seeds
angular, hanging from the top of the cell : caruncle minute— Woody plants; leaves quite
entire, ’glabrous: stipules deciduous; flowers fasciculate, axillary or lateral.

n* C disticha, L. Leaves distichous, ovate, pointed ; flowers monmeious, S and <j?
mixed in the same fascicle ; fascicles lateral, arranged along aphyllous branches ; filameuts
alternating with exterior glands ; ovary 4(-3) -celled; drupe.dcpressed-globose, obtuse-angled;

EUPH0RBIACE2E.

33

angles ns many as there are seed9. — Jacq. Schcenbr. t. 194. — Phyllanthus longifolins, Jacq.
— A shrub ; leaves 2"-3" long; fascicles many-flowered. — Hab. Naturalized in Jamaica!,
A/.; S. Vincent !, Guild.; [introduced from the East Indies!].

8. C. antiliana, Juss. Leaves elliptical-lanceolate or obovate-lanceolatc, bluntish ;
flowers dioecious, usually axillary ; $ numerous in the fascicle, ? 1-3 ; !j? calyx spreading,
at length reflexed; filaments surrounded by a disc; ovary 5 (-3) -celled. : style-branches
blunt; berry globose. — Juss. Eujph. f. 1 3 b -. anal. — A tree or shrub; leaves 3 "-2" long,
chartaceous, at length leathery ; pedicels 2'" long, nearly as long as the petiole. — IIab. Ja-
maica!, Pd., Al., in woods; [Cuba!, Guadeloupe!, Guiana!, Brazil!].

6. PHYLLANTHUS, L.

(Xylophylla, L. Epistylium, Sw. Anisonema, Juss. Orbicularia, Baill., etc.)

Calyx 6-5 (4-9) -partite. Petals 0. Stamens monadelphous, usually 3, or 2-15 : an-
thers extrorse. Ovary 3 (—10) -celled : styles bifid, or laciniate. Pericarp capsular, rarely
baccate. Seeds trigonal, usually attached below the top, ecarunculate. — Leaves entire, sti-
pulate, often distichous, in Xylophylla abortive ; flowers mostly monoecious, axillary, fasci-
culate or solitary, rarely glomerate.

I reduce to Phyllanthus several genera which Jussieu and later authors had separated ;
for a division, though perhaps admissible, is not to be constructed upon the number of or-
gans, which is variable, or disjoins allied species ; nor upon the stamina! column, from the
structure of which some more new genera might be formed if this principle were followed
out.

Sect. 1. Epistylium. — Calyx $ 4-, $ 5 -partite. Siaminal column bearing 2 adnate
anthers at the top: anthers divaricate, with the cells distinct. Styles 3, obcordate,
depressed-leafy. — Stipules triangular, persistent; fascicles androgynous, along axillary’
aphyllous branches.

9. P. Epistylium, Gr. Leaves ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, smooth, leathery, shortly
petioled ; fascicles in axillary racemes ; anthers two : cells oblong.— Epistylium axillare, Sw.!

A shiub ; 2—4 high; leaves about 3", racemes 3"— 1", pedicels 2'" long; calyx greenish-
yellow. — IIab. Jamaica!, Sw., in the western mountains.

Sect. 2. Catastvlium. Calyx $ 4-, $ 5- partite . Staminal column entire: anthers 3,
adnate , decurrent. Styles and stipules of Epistylium.* — -Fascicles androgynous, along
lateral, aphyllous branches.

10. P. cauliflorus, Gr. Leaves ovate-oblong, pointed, glabrous, leathery; racemes
lateral on the stem ; column 3-angular above, by the inner edges of the oval anther-cells
pronnnulous. Epistylium cauMorum, Sw.— A tree, about 20' high, devoid of branches be-
low the top of the stem: branches simple, with distichous, distant leaves ; leaves 4"-3" ra-
cemes 6 -4", pedicels 6"'-8'" long; $ calyx red.— Hab. Jamaica!, Wils., in the western
mountain-woods.

Sect. 3. Eupiiyllanthiis. — Calyx S-5-partite. Staminal column entire-, anthers 3
transversely dehiscent. Styles 3, it#*.— Pedicels axillary, or along aphyllous branches!
fasciculate or solitary, the $ shorter: flowers of both sexes mixed, larger.

,*11; P; “utans> Sw. Shrubby; leaves ovate or elliptical, glabrous, glaucous beneath :
stipules leafy, roundish, deciduous; flowering branches usually racemiform, nodding: $
pedicels 1-3, hair-like, 4-6 times as long as the petioles; calyx-segments 6, oval ; an-
tners adnate to the top of the column, depressed-globose; capsule globose. — SI. t. 158. f. 3 •
./acy Schcenbr. t. 193.— A shrub, a few to 20' high; leaves membranaceous, larger ones 3''

p l ’ 7 Ll 'C<:h 8 _1° red ca^'x 2"' long ; seeds polished. — Hab. Jamaica !, Macf.,
id,., At., mis., in rocky woods, and along rivulets; [Cuba!, Venezuela!].

12 P. Conami, Sw. Shrubby; leaves elliptical, pointed, subeuueale at the base, gla-
orous tor pubendous) : stipules subulate, marcescent; fascicles axillary : ? pedicels subsoli-
ar\, an -like, 2-4 times as long as the petioles; calyx-segments 6, minute, ovate or

34

EUPII0RBIACE2E.

ovate-oblong ; anthers sessile on the top of the column, globose, contiguous : cells distinct ;
capsule subglobose, contracted along the dissepimental lines. — Aubl. t. 354. — P. piscatorum'
{ „{*'■ ^ie puberulous form. — A branched shrub, O'— 10' high ; leaves membranaceous, 8'"-
long; ? pedicels 3"'-4"', calyx l1" long.— Hab. Jamaica, Sw.; Dominical, Imr.; S.
Vincent 1, Guild.; Trinidad!, loclch.; [Yucatan I to New Granada!, Venezuela! to Brazil!].

m*moso*^es> Sw- Shrubby ; leaves distichous on pinniform branchlets, sub-
sessile, obliquely lanceolate-oblong, mucronukte, glabrous, whitish-glaucous beneath: sti-
pules sub ulate- setaceous , persistent; pedicels axillary, 1-3, short, 2-4 times exceeded by the
leal ; calyx-segments 5 (-6), ovate ; anthers sessile around the depressed top of the column,
globose, contiguous ; styles filiform, exserted ; capsule depressed-globose. — Stem virgate, 4'—
10 high, paleaceous : leafy branchlets long, with about twenty leaves on each side;

leaves 3'" long, 1'" broad; ? calyx f" long.— Hab. Antigua (Sw.), Dominica!, Imr., in
woods along rivulets; [S. Bartlielemy, Guadeloupe!].

14. P. Niruri, L. Annual ; leaves distichous, subsessile, obovate-oblong (lanceolate,
oval, or obovate), rounded at the top, or mucronate, glabrous, paler beneath : stipules seta-
ceous, persistent; pedicels axillary, 1 (-3), 3-6 times exceeded by the leaf; calyx-segments
5, ovate; anthers sessile on the top of the column, globose, contiguous; styles short, in-
cluded; capsule depressed-globose, minute.— Wight, Ic. t. 1894.— P. Urinaria, L. P. mi-
crophyllns, Kth. : leaves oval or lanceolate. P. diffusus, Kl. : a suffrutescent form, with
obovate leaves. — Stem herbaceous or suffrutescent ; leaves usually 3"'-4"' long; 9 calyx l1"
long; seeds striated on the flat back. — IIab. Jamaica!, all collectors, common; S. Kitts!,
Antigua!, Dominica!, S. Vincent!, Barbadoes ! to Trinidad!; [all tropical countries, to the
Cape ! and southern China!].

Sect. 4. Amphiandra. — Calyx 6- partite . Staminal column entire: anthers 9, adnate to
the central, depressed mamilla, transversely dehiscent. — Pedicels axillary or lateral.

15. P. tremulus, Gr. (n. sp.). Shrubby; leaves ovate or elliptical, bluntish, long-
petioled, membranaceous, glaucous beneath, glabrous : stipules lanceolate-linear, deciduous ;

$ pedicels fasciculate, short, lateral ; anthers contiguous, on a peltate, shortly stipitate co-
lumn ; capsules (on distinct branches) solitary, or a few together, depressed-globose, con-
tracted in the sutures : pedicels cernuous, as long as the leaves. — Remarkable for the slender,
spreading petioles, which are 10”'— 12'" long, and quite distinct from the tremulous lamina.
Leaves scattered, 2"-li" long, 1 $■"— 1 broad ; d flowers very minute: calyx-segments bi-
seriate, with the disc subeutire ; $ flowers unknown ; capsule 4"1 broad, 3"' high, 6-seeded,
or 3-seeded by abortion ; seeds pale, ecaruneulate, attached below the top. — Hab. Jamaica !,
Purcl., Wullschl.; in the southern districts of S. Katherine, Manchester.

Sect. 5. Anisonema.- — Calyx 'b-G-partite. Stamens 5, unequal, 2-3 central, and attached
to the top of an entire column, 2-3 exterior, more or less distinct : anthers longitudinally
dehiscent. Styles 3-10, short, bifid. — Fascicles axillary : flowers of both sexes mixed.
The sections Leptonema, J., and Asterandra, Kl., are also represented in the West Indies,
each by a Cuba species.

16. P. jamaicensis, Gr. (n. sp.). Shrubby; leaves oval or oval-oblong, bluntish, gla-
brous, glaucous beneath : stipules setaceous, persistent ; pedicels fasciculate, 9 central, 3-4
times as long as the petioles ; calyx-segments 5, oval, whitish on the margin ; anthers oval-
oblong, two central, sessile on the column, three exterior, terminal ou the separated fila-
ments, which are exceeded by the column ; styles 3, short, semilunar-bifid : stigmas bluntish ;
capsule globose. — Anisonema, Gr. MS. — A shrub, 6'— 10' high : leaf-bearing branches spread-
ing, cylindrical; leaves distichous, somewhat distant, membranaceous, 1"-1£" long, rounded
at the base; stipules exceeded by the petiole ; pedicels filiform, 9 4'"— 6'" long, subsolitary,
$ shorter, usually 5-2 ; calyx 1'" long; capsule 6-seeded. — Hab. Jamaica !, Macf, Wils.,
common.

Sect. 6. Orbicularia. — Calyx 6(&-9)-partiie. Stamens 6 (4-10), cohering to the middle:
anthers longitudinally dehiscent. Disc lobed. Styles 3, bifid : stigmas capitate. — Pedi-
cels axillary, monoecious.

17. P- orbicularis, Kth. Shrubby ; leaves oval-orbieulatc, marginate, rounded at both

EUPH ORBIACETE.

35

ends, or subcordatc at the base, glaucescent, glabrous, shortly petioled : stipules lanceolate,
acuminate, persistent ; pedicels solitary (-3), half as long as the leaf; calyx-segments oblong-
lanceolate, whitish ; anthers globose, terminal, much shorter than the free part of the fila-
ments ; capsule depressed-globose. — Kth. Nov. Gen. t. 106. — Orbicularia phyilanthoides,
Baill.— A low, leafy shrub ; leaves 4'"-2'" long, stiff, distichous : stipules twice as long as
the petiole. — Hab. Jamaica!, Macf.; [Cuba, Venezuela].

Sect. 7. Xylophylla. — Caly.r S-Q-partite. Staminal column entire or divided, surrounded
by 5-6 glands: anthers 3 (-2), transversely dehiscent. Styles 3, depressed, laciniate
or bifid. — Aphyllous, tree-like shrubs ; flowers fasciculate or glomerate, in the axils of
serratures on the margin of leaf-like coriaceous branchlets : $ and mixed ; calyx
coloured.

18. P. montanns, Sic. Branches persistent, cylindrical, compressed towards the top ;
branchlets scattered, spathulate, repaud, striated by approximate veins: serratures usually
obsolete ; flowers glomerate, ^ solitary ; column entire ; anthers sessile : cells distinct, glo-
bose; styles reflexed, bifid.— Xylophylla, Sw. — A small tree: stem 10'" diam.; branchlets
3"— 2" long, 12"'— 6'" broad, usually blunt; glomerules 12-4-flowered : $ pedicels V" long,
as long as the rosy calyx, subsessile, purple. — Hab. Jamaica !, Pd., in rocky woods of the
western and central calcareous ridges, S. Ann’s.

19. P. falcatus, Sw. Branches deciduous, cylindrical; branchlets scattered, lanceo-
late or linear-lanceolate, falcate, serrate above, striated by approximate veins : serratures
truncate, persistent ; flowers glomerate; column entire: anthers subsessile : cells distinct, ovoid-
globose; styles reflexed, 4-2-fid.— Bot. Reg. t. 3 7 3. —Xylophylla, Sw. P. epiphyUanthus,
L., partim.— Stem 6' high, branched towards the summit ; branchlets 4"-5" long, 6"'-8'"
broad; calyx red.— Hab. Bahamas!, Swains.; Jamaica !, Pd.; S. Vincent!, Guild. ; Barba-
does !, Lane, along the seacoast.

20. P. angustifolius, Sw. Branches deciduous, compressed; branchlets distichous,
lanceolate-linear (or lanceolate), serrulate from above the base, striated by unequal, approxi-
mate veins ; flowers fasciculate : pedicels as long as the flower; column trifid at the top .-
anthers spreading: cells distinct, subglobose; styles slender, recurved above, bifid.— Bot.
Mag. t. 2652. Xyloph. montana, B. Mag. ( non Sw.). P. epiphyllanthus, L., partim. P.
elongatus , Jacq. Schcenbr. t. 348: the form with lanceolate branchlets. — Stem 2' hi°iL
branched above; branchlets 2"-4" long, 2"'-3'" broad; pedicels 1'" long; calyx red.— Hab!
Jamaica !, List., Pd., on rocks of the western districts ; [Cuba !]

21. P. linearis, Sw. Branches tardily deciduous, compressed; branchlets distichous
linear, serrulate from above the base, striated by unequal veins ; flowers fasciculate : pedicels
three to four times as long as the minute flower : column short, tridenta.t.e nt. the tnm

, 22',. i ,latlfolms> Sw- Branches deciduous, subcompressed; branchlets distichous,
\ nomboid-lanceolale or rhomboid, serrate above, striated only by the principal, somewhat dis-
tant veins : serratures truncate ; flowers fasciculate : pedicels slender, 3-4 times as long as

the flower r p.nl.n.m'Y} ^ „„n_ i* i* i 1 i i ®

calyx red.— Hab. Jamaica!, Pd., Al., March, on the sandy seacoast.

southern mountains.

36

EUPIIORBIACEiEJ.

Tribe III. CROTONUM — Ovary -cells 1-ovulate.

( or baccate ).

Capsule divided into cocci

Subtuibe 1. J ATR0PITE2E. — Inflorescence centrifugal , androgynous : flowers pedicellate ,
cymose, central ? . Seeds carunculate, large.

7. JATROPI1A, L.

Calyx 5-partite, or 5-lobed, imbricative. Corolla contorted. Stamens 10-8 (-15), mon-
adelphous, 3-5 interior longer: column surrounded by 5 glands. Capsule 3(-2)-coccous.
— Cyme corymbiform : flowers usually scarlet.

Sect. 1. Adenorhopium. — Petals distinct, or cohering at the base, spreading.

24. J. gossypifolia, L. Herbaceous; leaves 5 (-3) -partite, or lolled, ciliate and
glanduliferous on tbe margin : segments ovate, pointed, denticulate or entire : peiiolar and
stipular glands branched ; special cymes contracted; calyx 5 -partite; corolla twice as long
as tbe calyx ; stamens 8-12 ; stigmas 2-brancbed. — SI. t. 84 ; Jacq. Ic. Rar. t. 623. Ilesc.
FI 2 t 142. — I. glandulifera, Ro.rb.! I. elegans, KL: a glabrous form, in which the leaves
however are ciliate between the glands.— Stem 2'-3' high ; leaves pubescent, glabrate be-
neath or glabrous ; petals obovate, deep-purple, 2'" long, distinct, or cohering at the base.
Hab Bahamas!, Swains.; Jamaica!, M‘Nab, Pd., Fist., common; Dominica \,Imr.; h.
Vincent!, Guild.; Trinidad!, Sieb.; [Cuba! to Bahia!, Mexico ! to New Granada!].

25. J. multifida, L. Shrubby ; leaves long-petioled, 9-7 -partite, glabrous, eglandular :
segments pimiatifid, acuminate: lobes quite entire ; stipules multipartite : segments seta-
ceous; cymes umbelliform, long-peduncled ; calyx 5-lobed; petals distinct, three tunes as
Lug as the calyx; stamens S-10; stigmas 2-branched.-Stem 5'-10' high ; stipular seg-
ments about 8'" long ; petals obovate, 2'" long, scarlet.— Hab. S. Kitts !, S. Vincent !, Guild.,
naturalized in Jamaica, where it is now common ; [Venezuela, GuianaJ.

26 J hastata, Jacq. Shrubby ; leaves obovate (or oblanceolate), pointleted, quite
entire, hastate, or cut into glandular teeth at the contracted, petioled base glab rous ■ stipules
simple, setaceous, deciduous; cymes umbelliform, long-peduncled ; caiyx 5-lobed . petab das
tinct much longer than the calyx ; stamens 10 ; stigmas 2-branched.— Vent. Malmais.t. 5-.

J.’ acuminata, Pesv. J. pandurifolia, Andr. — Stem about 3 high; petals obovate-oblo g,

4/^ long, scarlet. — Hab. Trid5dad !, Schach ; [XJubaJ.

27 J. divaricata, Sw. Arboreous ; leaves ovate, pointed, quite entire, subcomphcate
at the base glabrous ; stipules simple, glandular, deciduous ; cymes dichotomous : pedice s

q k lnhed • stamens 8-10; styles short: stigma thickened.— Stem 10-20 n^n, petals
pale-coloured, obovate, 2"' long; seeds 6'" long, oblong c Dbsoleteiy togonal
ceU. Intermediate between this section and Curcas — Hab. Jamaica !, Macf., Pd., in ioc y
woods, S. Ann’s and western districts.

Sect 2 Curcas. — Corolla sympetalous. Styles cohering below.

yond its base ; corolla 2"' long.— Hab. Jamaica !, Bancr.; [Poitonco].

8. CNIDOSCOLUS, Fold.

EUPII0RBIACE7E.

37

below. Styles multifid. Capsule 3-coccous. — Leaves with a basilar gland above : hairs
stinging ; cyme corymbiform ; calyx white.

30. C. napaeifolius, Cohl. Suifrutescent ; leaves deeply 7-lobed, hispid beneath, or
glabrate : lobes pinnatifid, acuminate, and cut into unequal teeth; $ calyx 5-lobed, 9 5-
partite. — Juss. Euph.f. 34 b : anal. — Jatropha, Desr. — Male calyx infundibuliform, 4m long.
— Hab. Introduced from the British West Indies into British gardens !

9*. JANIPHA, Kth.

Calyx coloured, 5-lobed or 5-partite, imhricative. Petals 0. Stamens 10, distinct, in-
serted into a central disc, 5 exterior shorter. Styles many-lobed. Capsule baccate, 3-coc-
cous. — Woody plants, with large tubers ; leaves long-petioled, glabrous : stipules caducous ;
special cymes racemiform, feic-flowered : ? at length inferior.

31*. J. Manihot, Kth. Shrubby ; leaves 7 -5 (-3) -partite, glaucous beneath: seg-
ments oblong-lanceolate or lanceolate, acuminate, quite entire ; $ calyx 5-lobed, 9 5-par -
tite ; capsule pendulous, ovoid, with six narrow wings.—®, t. 85 ; Tuss. FI. 3. t. 1, 2 ;
Peso. FI. 3. i. 176. — Jatropha, L. Manihot Aipi et utilissima, Fold. — Calyx yellowish.
Tubers either sweet or hitter ; but this difference is not accompanied with trustworthy specific
characters. — Hab. Naturalized in Jamaica !, Fist., March; Antigua!, Nichols.; Trinidad!,
Schach; [Guiana! aud New Granada! to Brazil! and Peru!].

10*. ALEURITES, Forst.

Calyx 2-3-fid, valvate. Petals 5. Stamens 15- co, mouadelphous, surrounded by a
disc : anthers introrse. Styles 2 (-3), 2-partite. Pericarp baccate, 3-coccous. — Trees ;
leaves long-petioled , with a basilar gland above : down stellate ; cymes densely corymbiform.

32*. A. triloba, Forst. Leaves glabrescent, %-lobed (or ovate) : middle segment larger,
deltoid ; cymes puberulous, nearly as long as the petiole ; petals spathulate, much longer
than the roundish calyx. — Lam. III. t. 791. — Hab. Naturalized in Jamaica !, Al., March ;
Antigua !, Nichols. ; S. Vincent !, Guild. ; [introduced from the East Indies !].

11*. SIPHONIA, Rich.

Calyx 5-fid or 5-partite, valvate. Petals 0. Stamens 5—10, monadelphous : exterior
series shorter, or none : anthers extrorse. Styles 3, short, emarginate. Capsule 3-coccous.
— Trees; leaves digitate , long-petioled; special cymes racemiform, few-flowered : 9 ter-
minal.

33*. S. elastica, Pers. Leaflets 3, lanceolate-oblong, quite entire, glabrous, whitish be-
neath ; column 5-androus, devoid of a surrounding disc : anthers equal, subsessile. — Peso.
FI. 6. t. 452. — Hevea guianensis, Aubl. — Hab. Naturalized in S. Vincent!, Guild.;
[Guiana!, Brazil!].

Subtiube 2. RICINE/E. — Inflorescence centripetal, androgynous ; flowers racemose,
superior 9 • Seeds carunculate, large.

12*. RICINUS, L.

Calyx 5-partite, valvate. Petals 0. Stamens co, many-branched : anthers extrorse. Styles
2-partite, papillose. Capsule 3-coccous. — An arborescent herb, 12'-40' high ; leaves pal-
matilobed, toothed, peltate, glandulif erous at the top of the petiole.

34*. R. communis, L.

a. Capsules echinate. — Pesc. FI. 1. t. 59; 2. t. 127.

ft- inermis, Jacq. Capsules devoid of spines. — Jacq. Ic. Rar. t. 195. — Leaves glaucous
beneath. — Hab. Naturalized in Jamaica!, Barbadoes!, etc.; [introduced from the East
Indies].

Subtribe 3. EUCROl 'ON EsE. — Inflorescence centripetal, mostly racemose : bracts usually

\-floioered : flowers monoecious, inferior 9 , or dioecious. Seeds mostly carunculate.

13. CROTON, L.

Mowers monoecious (or dioecious by abortion). Calyx divided into 5 (4-12) segments or

38

EUPHORBIACEjE.

lobes, valvate or somewhat imbricated. Petals 5 (—4), 'u 2 smaU or abortive. Stamens
usually 10-20, or 5-oo , distinct : anthers erect, introrse. Styles 3, mostly dichotomous :
branches involute. Capsule 3-coccous. Seeds carunculate, biangular-convex : raphe dis-
tinct.— Racemes terminal, rarely axillary.

SECTIONS.

Raceme with the 2 flowers inferior (or abortive).

Stamens 10-20.

Styles 2-partite : branches simple Cascaiiii.i.a.

Styles 4-branched.

^ Calyx not reduplicative.

Stipules eglandular Eluteria.

Stipules glanduliferous Barhahia.

9 Calyx reduplicative-valvate AstRjEOPSIS.

Styles 8-partite Lasiogyne.

Styles 2-fid C. corylitolius and Geiseleria.

Styles 3-8-fid. Seeds verrucose Astr/ea.

Stamens 20-oo . Styles 2-4-partite Adenophylltjm.

Raceme with $ and 2 flowers mixed in its divisions Cyclostigma.

Sect. 1. Cascarilla. — Stamens 10-20. Styles 2-partite (or 2-fid) : branches simple.
Seeds smooth , small. — Aromatic shrubs ; leaves with stellate down, usually 2-glandular :
stipules usually caducous.

* Leaves discolor, quite entire, or denticulate.

35. C. Cascarilla, L. Branchlets white-tomentose ; leaves lanceolate, oblong, or li-
near, blunt, mucronulate, green and scabrous above, wliite-tomentose beneath, quite entire,
2-3-o'landular at the base, shortly petioled : glands cylindrical; racemes terminal; seeds
subcylindrieal. — An aromatic shrub, 4'-S' high ; leaves 2"'-6'" broad, with the principal
veins impressed above ; petals white ; stamens about 15 ; seeds 14'" long, shining, punctate.

a. Leaves oblong, or lanceolate, often emarginate, rounded at the base. — Besc. FI. l.t. 6.
j3. linearis, Jacq. Leaves linear ; flowers sometimes dioecious.— SI. t. 86./. 1; Jacq.
Amer. Piet. t. 263./. 80 : a leaf. — Hab. Bahamas !, Swains. (0) ; Jamaica!, all collectors,
social in arid plaius ; a, on the seacoast ; £, more common.

36. C. balsamifer, L. Branchlets yellowish-pubescent; leaves lanceolate, or ovate-
lanceolate, acuminate, scabrous, with stellate down, green and glabrate above, hoary -yellowish
beneath, quite entire, 2-glandular at the base, long-petioled : glands shortly cylindrical;
raceme terminal; seeds ovoid. — Jacq. Amer. Piet. t. 242.— An aromatic shrub, 3 -4 high;
leaves 6"'-S'" broad, pellucid-punctate, 3-4 times as long as the petiole ; petals white ;
stamens about 15 ; seeds 14'" long, shining, brown, obtusely angled on the back.— Hab.
Jamaica, Nevis !, Antigua!, Dominica!, Imr. ; [S. Croix to Cura9ao].

37. C. flocculosus, Gets. Branchlets yellowish-tomentose ; leaves ox Ac, or ovate-
lanceolate, acuminate, scabrous above, hoary beneath with scattered stellate down, quite
entire, 2-glandular at the base, long-petioled: glands globose-scutelliform, sessile ; raceme
terminal; seeds subcylindrieal.— C. leprosus, Spreng. ex Sieb.Mart 217 {non 7^.) .-Nearly
allied to the preceding.— Hab. Bahamas!, Swains. ; [Haiti, Guadeloupe!, Martinique!].

38. C. Guildingii, Gr. ( n . sp). Branchlets hoary-tomentose ; leaves ovate, pointed,
euneate at the base, scabrous above, hoary beneath with stellate down denticulate, 2-glan-
dular at the base : glands scutelliform, sessile ; raceme terminal ; seeds ovate obtusely /-
angular, convex on both sides— A shrub: habit of C. lmmilis ; leaves 1-1 a long: P«riole
3'"-6"' long : stipules filiform, l'"-2"' long, subpersistent ; raceme 1 long ; stamens 10
12- 2 calyx deeply 5-fid: lobes oblong, blunt, appressed to and as long as the pubescent
capsule ; seeds IF' long, opaque, brown.— Hab. S. Vincent !, Guild.

** Leaves woolly -tomentose on both sides.

on n flavens, L. Wholly tomentose with yellowish, or hoary, stellate wool; leaves
ovate, ovate-lanceolate, or elliptical, usually cordate at the base, bluntish, mucronulate,

EUPHORBIACEJS.

39

2-glandular at the base, concolor with wool, repand-entire, rarely denticulate, long-petioled :
glands minute, stipitate ; raceme terminal; seeds subtetragoual-ovoid. C. Richardi, W. :
a form with the leaves rouuded at the base. — A shrub, 2-3' high : branches thickish : wool
persistent; stamens about 12; seeds 1'" long: angles obtuse. — -Hats. Jamaica!, all collectors,
common in the southern plains; Trinidad!, Sc/iach; [S. Thomas !].

*** Leaves toothed.

40. C. corylifolius, Lain. Branchlets hoary-tomentose with appressed down ; leaves
ovate or ovate-oblong, bluntish, doubly toothed, with the teeth glandular, glabrescent above,
hoary, and at length pale-green beneath with scattered minute down, 2 -glandular at the top
of the long petiole: glands scntelliform, thickly stipitate; raceme terminal, long; styles
bifid. — Desc. FI. 5. t. 366. — C. montanus, Gets. — An aromatic shrub; leaves 8"-^" long,
pellucid-punctate, cliartaceous : petiole 1 "-2" long; calyx S valvar, ? 5 -fid; stamens 12.
— Hab. Jamaica !, Pd., Al. ; in pastures, S. Ann’s, S. Elizabeth, Dominica !, Imr. ; [Cuba !,
Guadeloupe.]

41. C. Iserti, Gets. Branchlets hoary or rusty-tomentose with appressed down;
leaves oblong or oblong-lanceolate, subcordate at the base, acuminate, toothed, scabrous
with minute scattered down, glaucous beneath, devoid of basilar glands ; racemes short,
Miliary, subsessile, twice as long as the petiole. — Leaves 4"-2'" long, pellucid-punctate,
chartaceous : petioles 6"'-3'" long ; $ calyx imbricative : stamens about 10 : the 2 flowers
are wanting in our specimens. — Hab. Jamaica!, March; [Martinique],

Sect. 2. Eluteria. — Stamens 10-20. ? Calyx valvate, usually corollate. Styles 2 -par-

tite, with 2-jid branches, or 4- partite , with the branches simple, or %-Jid. Seeds smooth.

■ — Aromatic, lepidote shrubs ; leaves quite entire, or repand, stipulate, devoid of glands ;

racemes axillary and terminal.

42. C. Eluteria, Sw. ! Branchlets rusty-lepidote ; leaves ovate, entire or repand, blunt
or pointed, glabrous, rusty or silvery-variegated with distinct scales chiefly beneath, pellucid-
punctate: stipules evanescent ; stamens 10-12; ? flowers corollate ; styles bipartite, with
2-fid branches; seeds oval-oblong. — SI. t. 174./. 1, 2; El. in Hayne Arzn. 14. t. 1. —
Clutia, L. Croton glabellus, L. : ex. syn. SI. C. nitens, Sw. ! : the common form with
simple racemes (Sl. f. 1), or C. Eluteria, Bennett, while in the original C. Eluteria, Sw.
(C. Sloanei, Benu.) the axillary racemes are compound : the specimen in Sloane’s collection
(/. 2) is the same, and so are Gronovius’s and Catesby’s specimens, quoted by Linnaaus. —
A high shrub, 8' to above 20' high; leaves 5"-2" long, at length concolor, greenish : petiole
12"'-2"' long, petals white, villous on the margin ; seeds 4'" long, opaque, blotched, convex
on both sides. — Hab. Bahamas!, Catesb., e.g. Providence, Eleuthera; Jamaica!, all collec-
tors, in the plains and lower hills; [Veraguas!, Cauca!].

43. C. pseudochina, Schlecht. ! Branchlets silvery-lepidote : scales with a rusty centre ;
leaves ovate, with a bluntish point, minutely cordate at the base, repand-entire, glabrous,
devoid of pellucid points, discolor, shining-silvery beneath with confluent scales, which are
scattered above : stipules thickish, linear, somewhat persistent; racemes simple, as long as
the petiole; stamens 10 ; ? flowers corollate ; styles 4-parti te, with the branches bifid or
simple; seeds . . . — Kl. in Hayne Arzn. 14. t. 2. — Leaves 3"— lfj" long, green above, white
beneath ; petiole 10"'-2''' long.— Hab. S. Vincent !, Guild. ; Trinidad !, Lockh., Schach, Cr. ;
[Mexico !, Venezuela !].

44. C. laurinus, Sw. ! Branchlets and petioles lepidote with scattered, stellate-ciliate
scales ; leaves oblong, rounded or bluntish at the top, quite entire, bearing stcllate-ciliatc
evanescent scales on the margin and distant ones on the surface, .glabratc, concolor-grecn, not
lepidote, but punctate with minute whitish points, chiefly above, devoid of pellucid dots :
stipules thickish linear, deciduous ; racemes slender, simple, equalling or exceeding the
leaves ; stamens 10 ; ? petals abortive ; styles 4-partite, with the branches bifid ; seeds

oblong.” — A high shrub ; leaves leathery, 6"-4" long : midrib very prominent beneath :
petiole 1" long ; pedicels numerous, scattered, 1'" long ; $ ones somewhat distant ; petals
white. — Hab. Jamaica!, Sw., Al., on hills, Moneaguc.

40

EUPHORBIACEJ5.

Sect. 3. Astr.-f.opsis. — Stamens 10-12. 9 Calyx reduplicative-va.lvate at the base.

Styles 4- partite , with the branches simple (or “bifid”). Seeds smooth. — Aromatic

shrubs ; leaves quite entire, or repaud, glabrous, lepidote beneath or naked, stipulate, devoid

of glands ; racemes usually terminal.

45. C. niveus, Jacq. Branchlets rusty-lepidote ; leaves ovate, cuspidate-acuminate,
minutely cordate at the base, discolor, lepidote with distant, minute scales above, shining -
silvery beneath with confluent scales, devoid of pellucid points : stipules persistent, linear
or semicordate-lanceolate ; calyx silvery-lepidote, 9 costate at the base; seeds... — Jacq.
Amer. Piet. t. 263./. 79 : a leaf. — C. micans, Sw. ! — A shrub, about 10' high; leaves 3"-l"
long, somewhat complicate at the base: petiole 2"'-4'" long. — IIab. Jamaica !, Sw. ; Do-
minica!, Imr.; [New Granada].

46. C. lucidus, L. Devoid of scales; branchlets glabrous or glabrescent; leaves
elliptical or elliptical-oblong, pointed, glabrous, pellucid-punctate : stipules deciduous ; calyx
glabrescent, 9 with the segments oblong, blunt, and the reduplicative margin somewhat
persistent at the base; seeds ovoid-oblong. — Phil. Trans. 58. t. 7- — C. spicatus, Berg. C.
Hookerianus, Baill. — A shrub, 5'-6' high ; leaves 3"— 1" (6"-5") long : veins not promi-
nulous; $ calyx imbricative, much smaller and more pubescent than 9; seeds 2'" long,
shining, convex on the hack.

o. Branchlets glabrous ; 9 calyx eglandular.

/3. pubigerus. Branchlets (sometimes together with the younger leaves) puberulous with
scattered, stellate hairs ; 9 calyx eglandular.

y. glanduliferus, V. Branchlets glabrous; $ calyx hearing large, stipitate glands at
the base and on the margin of the segments. — Hab. Bahamas!, Swains, (fl) ; Jamaica!, Pd.
(a, B), March, Wils., (y, S. Davids) ; [Cuba!, a-y].

47. C. H j almar sonii, Gr. ( n . sp.). Devoid of scales ; branches glabrescent ; leaves cor-

date-ovate, blunt, glabrous, eglandular, rigid, ohsoletely pellucid-punctate: stipules deciduous;
calyx t? pubescent, $ glabrescent, leathery, with the segments oblong, blunt, somewhat
produced at the reduplicative subtruncate base ; stamens 10. — Allied to C. lucidus ; branch-
lets puberulous, rigid ; leaves li‘"-l" long, broad, quite entire, polished, opaque,

with distant veins, black-dotted beneath: petiole 8,,f-6,,r long; racemes terminal, short, sub-
sessile, with the 9 flowers somewhat distant; calyx <? as long as the scabrous pedicel,
imbricative, downy chiefly on the. margin; pedicels of 9 V" long, calyx 11 ' long, exceed-
ing the filiform petals, eglandular; ovary downy: styles 4-partite : branches mifoim, flex-
uose, with a capitate stigma. — HhB. Turk Islands, Hjalm.

Sect 4 Adenophyllum. — Stamens 20-50. Styles 2-is-partite : branches simple. Seeds
smooth.— Shrubs ; leaves glanduliferous on the margin, and at the base glabrous, or with
stellate down -. stipules glandular or inconspicuous ; racemes usually terminal or alar.

48. C. Wilsonii, Gr. ( n . sp.). Branchlets glabrescent, dichotomous ; leaves elliptical
or oblong-lanceolate, acuminate, denticulate with distant, glanduliferous teeth, glabrous
above, glabrescent beneath : basilar glands subsessile or obsolete : stipules inconspicuous ;
stamens 25; styles 2-partite ; seeds ovoid.-A shrub: branchlets stiff, scabrous with stel-
late, scattered down, which exists also on the young leaves beneath, but is wanting on the
racemes- leaves approximate at the ramifications, green, with obscure, pellucid dots, char-
taceous, arcli-nerved, 4"-l*« long, broad, either abruptly or gradually acuminate:

glands minute, globose, marginal ones subsessile, on obsolete teeth, those of the base 2-4,
beneath the blunt or complicated leaf-base: petiole 2"'-4"' long ; racemes alar nodding, sub-
sessile 3"-l" long; S pedicels 2"' long, 3-1 from 3 minute bracts : calyx 1 long, mibii-
cative,’ glabrous, as long as the ciliate petals ; 9 flowers inferior, subsessile, scattered : calyx
5-partitc V" long, eglandular: segments linear: rudiments of petals minute, bearing
bristles ; ovary hispid, surrounded by a continuous disc: styles divided to the base, with
the branches simple, as long ns the ovary ; capsule globose, 3-furrowed, seeds

obtusely keeled on the back, furrowed along the raphe, nearly opaque, light-brown, some-
what punctate : lateral angles obtuse. — Hab. Jamaica!, Pd., Wils.

40 c Adenophyllum, B crier. Glabrous ; leaves ovate, pointed, subcordate at the

base, repand-entire, ciliate, with stipitate glands, long-petioled,2-4-glandidar beneath at the
base : basilar glands subsessile : stipules divided into several glands ; stamens , V ca >

EUPIIORBIACEjE.

41

bearing stipitate glands below ; styles 4 -partite ; seeds . . . — Nearly allied to C. 'penicillatus.
Vent., but distinguished by having glabrous leaves, and globose, subsessile, basilar leaf-
glands. — Hab. Jamaica!

50. C. humilis, L. Bran chiefs pilose; leaves ovate or ovate-lanceolate, usually

pointed, repaud-entire or denticulate, scabrous above, wliite-tomentose or glaucous-pubescent
beneath , bearing distant glands on the margin and two at the base : glands stipitate or sub-
sessile, globose, minute : stipules minute, glanduliform, caducous ; stamens oo ; style 4-par-
tite ; seeds oval. — A shrub, V-2' high; leaves variable, l"-3" long, pellucid-punctate;
raceme terminal, often few-flowered; petals white; seeds obsoletely furrowed, impressed
around the caruncle.

o. Petioles long, half as long or as long as the limb : marginal glands numerous, stipitate.

/3. origanifo/ius, Lam. Leaves shortly petioled : marginal glands rare, often subsessile.
— Desc. FI. 7. t. 47L. — Hab. Bahamas!, Swains. (/ 3 ) ; Jamaica!, all collectors; common in
the southern maritime pastures ; [Haiti !].

Sect. 5. Barhamia. — Stamens 10-12 (-“ 15 ”). ^ Calyx often glanduliferous. Styles 4

(—6 ) -partite -. branches simple. Seeds smooth. — Shrubs or herbs: down pilose; leaves
usually serrate : stipules glanduliferous !, filiform, persistent.

51. C. ovalifolius, West.! Shrubby; branchlets softly pilose ; leaves oval or oblong,
blunt, mucronulate, quite entire , or creuate towards the top, glabrescent above, pilose beneath
with soft, spreading, stellate hairs : basilar glands none : stipules exceeded by the petiole,
bearing a few glands ; raceme terminal, short, simple ; ? calyx large : segments ciliate
with stipitate glands; seeds roundish-oblong. — Barhamia, Kl. C. ditftisus, Rich. — A low,
diffuse shrub; leaves 12"'-8"', petiole 4"'-3'" long; seeds 1"' long, shining, light-brown’
convex on the back.— Hab. Jamaica!: Al., March; [S. Thomas!; Guadeloupe!, Venezuela!].

52. C. urticifolius, Lam. Suffrutescent or shrubby; branchlets pilose or hispid;
leaves ovate, pointed, subcordate, crenate-serrate, with the crenatures glandular, scabrous
with scattered stellate hairs, glabrescent above, 2—3 times as long as the petiole : basilar
glands subsessile : stipules with distant glands ; raceme terminal, cylindrical, solitary, or
compound at the base ; ? calyx pilose, glanduliferous, erect ; seeds . . . — Stem herbaceous
growing woody below ; leaves 2i°-l|'' long.— Hab. Trinidad !, Lockh., Cr., by roadsides •
[Guiana, Brazil],

53. C. populifolius, Sw. Suffrutescent or shrubby ; branchlets pilose or glabrescent ;

leaves subcordate-roundish, pointleted, dentate-serrate, with the teeth minutely glandular’
glabrescent, wear ly as long as the pilose petiole : basilar glands small, stipitate : stipules cut
at the base into stipitate glands ; racemes terminal and axillary, long ; $ calyx pilose, glan-
duliferous, sjn eading : segments linear; seeds ovoid. — Stem herbaceous, growing woody
below, 2 high ; leaves 3"-2" diarn. ; styles 4-partite ; seeds \ long, opaque, somewhat sca-
brous, convex on the back.— Hab. Jamaica {Sw.) ■ S. Vincent !, Guild. • Grenada Tri-
nidad!, Cr. ’

Sect. 6. Geiseleria. Stamens 10 (8-10). Styles bifid: branches simple. Seeds smooth.

Herbs, rarely shrubs : down pilose ; leaves serrate, bearing stipitate scutellate glands
at the top of the petiole : stipules setaceous, persistent ; racemes short, alar or terminal.

54. C. glandulosus, L. Annual, herbaceous, pilose ; leaves obloug-lanceolatc or ovate-
oblong blunt, serrate, glabrescent : serratures truncate ; segments of the $ calyx equal
spathulatc-oblong, blunt, nearly as long as the ovate-oblong capsule ; seeds oval-roundish :
caruncle substipitate.—Jacq. Ic. Rar. t. 41.— Leaves approximate at and exceeding the
short racemes; seeds 1 2 long, shining, brown, convex on both sides.— Hab. Jamaica!,
Macf . ; [Carolina to Mexico!, Quito, Para!].

5o C. chain eedryfolius, Lam. Annual, herbaceous, scabrous-pubescent; leaves
ovate-lanceolate, pointed \, crenate-serrate, glabrescent: serratures spreading; segments of
tlie V calyx lanceolate, bluntish, Somewhat unequal, nearly as long as the globose capsule ;
seeds oval-roundish: caruncle sessile.— SI. 1. 82. f. 3.— Geiseleria, A7.— Seeds 1"' long,
opaque-punctate, brown, convex on both sides.— IIab. Jamaica (5/.); Trinidad!, Cr.;
[Haiti ; Panama!, Guiana!].

42

EUPH ORBI ACE2E.

56. C. hirtus, L'Eer. Annual, herbaceous, hispid; leaves ovate-roundish or ovate,
blunt', doubly cremate, canescent beneath ; segments of the ? calyx unequal, lanceolate, 4-3
as lone as the globose capsule, 1-2 smaller; seeds oval-roundisli: caruncle sessile. L Her.
Slirp. 1. if. 9. Brachystachys, XI. — Styles often more deeply bifid than in the preceding ;
seeds 1^'" long, shining, obsoletely striated. — Hab. Jamaica!, Al. ; Trinidad!, Schach, C r.,
in fields; [New Granada! and Venezuela ! to Brazil!].

Sect. 7. Asixm/l.— Stamens 12-15. Styles 3 -8 -fid : branches simple. Seeds verrucosa ! ,
oblong. — Herbs or shrubs ; leaves usually palmatilobed : stipules persistent ; racemes long :

$ flowers usually fascicled.

57. C. lobatus, L. Annual, herbaceous or suffrutesoent, pilose; longer hairs simple;
leaves i-h -partite : segments elliptical or elliptical-lanceolate, acuminate serrate ; stamens
12-13 • inner series 2-3-androus ; capsule as long as the hairy calyx. Martyn, Hist. t. 40.
_ Astreea, XL— Stem l'-2' high ; seeds 2'" long, with large wails on the sides, keeled on t he
back and along the raphe, apiculate behind the caruncle, light-brown opaque. Hab. Canb
bean Islands, and Trinidad!, Lockh., Schach, Pd. : a weed; [Cuba! and Mexico, to Brazil
and Ecuador !].

Sect 8 Cyclostigma. — Stamens 15— co. Styles bipartite: branches simple.— Trees or
shrubs: down tomentose with stellate hairs; flowers of both sexes mixed l : the ? cen-
tral in the special cymules, which are arranged m a terminal raceme.

58 C n-ossvpifolius, V. Arboreous; branchlets tomentose; leaves cordate-trijid,
stellate-pulmscent above, hoary-tomentose and at the base 2^1a,ndMar bpneaft : lo^es ova e,
pointed, quite entire. — VaU, Symb. 2. t. 49.— A low tree, 15' high.-HAB. Tnmdad ., Lane.

Sect 9 Lasiogyne .-Stamens 15-20. Styles deeply 8-fd : branches simple. Seeds
ovate-oblong , glabrous, punctate.— Tomentose shrubs : down stellate; leaves denticulate,
or repand-entire : stipules deciduous; racemes terminal.

59 C. astroites, Ait. Leaves ovate, pointed, cordate at the base, scabrous-tomentose
above', boary-tomentose beneath: basilar glands none ; segments of % calyx obtuse y

the back.- C. phlomoides, Pers. Lasiogyue, Griseb Canb. A low shrub, 1 -o high.
Hab. Antigua!, Wullscld. ; [S. Thomas!, Desmade!, Guadeloupe!].

14. ACIDOCROTON, Gr.

(Acidoton, P. Br., non Sw.)

Flowers monoecious, £ and ? on distinct branches. £-. 5-partite vdvate ; pegs

5 • stamens an distinct, included : anthers adnate, mtrorse, mucionate. ? . Calyx 5-paitite : .
feSKterUng with mucronifonn points ; petals 0 ;

3 (-41 -celled- styles 3, obovate-fohaceous, bipartite, revohite-spreadmg. Capsule 6 coccous.
Seeds carunculate, ovate-oblong : raphe distinct.-Pednncles terminal, subsobitary

60 A adelioides, O.-Adelia acidoton, L. (non Xlh.).- Avery spiny shrub, 4-6
. . ; ni,r snreading 4»'-8"' long, thin, exceeding the contracted-rosular,

setaceous almost V" long, and excrescent ; peduncles of both sexes terminal, Ijlou ei i ,
setaceous, anno &> ,,, , q yii-fn long, cemuous, pubescent. S : Calyx

4^Mng •°^Mmrots°ovM-roundish, ciliate; petals 1'" long, oval-roundish ciliolate; disc scu-
telliform free on the villous margin, aud 10-lobed ; stamens about 25-30, covenng the disc .

1 hr branches contiguous, depressed, somewhat convex ou the uppci sic > 1 , i*

^e mcci hivalved, with the endocarp loosened; seeds 3' bug, 2 broad,

W* brorn op.qoe, .t

around the wlntish caruncle: sides obsolctdy rugulose transversely. 1 ' • ' ' , ' 1 ’

at New Greenwich (P. Br.)) [Cuba !, on the rocky banks bf the Yummy, Rug I-

EUPHORBIACEjE.

43

15. METTENIA, Gr.

Flowers dicecious. Calyx: “3 3-fid;” ? 5-partite, imbricative. Petals 0. “ Stamens
biscriate, monadelphous, 4 exterior inferior, 3 interior : anthers didymous.” Ovary hispid,
3-celled, snrrounded by a laciniate disc ; styles 3, bipartite, spreading, papillose to the base.
Capsule echinate, globose, 3-coccous. Seeds carunculate, globose-compressed: raphe at
length none. — A tree or shrub ; leaves leathery, quite entire, exstipulate ; racemes terminal,
pubescent : flowers fasciculate.

61. M. g-lobosa, Gr. — Croton, Sw. ■ Ricinus, IP. — 30' (Pd.), or 4-5' high (Sw.)-.
branchlets pubescent with simple hairs ; leaves ovate, blunt, or bluntish, 2"-l" long, gla-
brescent, shining above : petiole thickish, 1'"— 2'" long ; ^ racemes shortly peduncled, 1"
long : pedicels 5-2 together, 1'" long ; calyx 1'" long, much imbricated : segments ovate,
blunt, as long as the pistil ; capsule 4'" diam., covered with bluntly pyramidal, scabrous
prickles ; seeds 2"' diam., even, brown (the exterior whitish membranaceous integument
being destroyed spontaneously, together with the raphe) : caruncle large, convex, entire. —
Hab. Jamaica !, Macf., Pel., rare in the high mountains, e.g. Moorce’s Gap.

16. MABEA, Aubl.

Flowers monoecious. Calyx 5-6-lobed. Petals 0. Stamens go, distinct, inserted upon a
convex disc : anthers adnate, extrorse, mucronulate. Style 3-fid : branches simple, revolute,
filiform. Capsule 3-coccous. Seeds ovoid. — Trailing shrubs ; leaves undivided, stipulate’;
flowers in racemiform panicles, inferior ? .

62. M. Taquari, Aubl. Branchlets pubescent ; leaves oblong, pointleted, rounded at
the base, serrulate or subentire, glabrous above, hoary and puberulous or glabrate beneath ;
3 flowers long- pedicellate, ternate : fascicles peduncled; seeds . . . — Aubl. t. 334. — Hab!
Trinidad !, Or,, in the savannah of Aripe; [Guiana, equatorial Brazil],

63. m. occidentalis, Benth. Glabrous; leaves oblong, serrulate or subentire; 3
flowers long-pedicellate, ternate : fascicles sessile; seeds ovoid-oblong, ecarauculate.— Seeds
3 '-4'" long, 2"'-3"' broad, shining-brown. In my Panama specimens of M. Piriri, Aubl.,
the seeds are ovoid-globose, 2^'" long and thick, and they have a distinct, discolor caruncle.
— Hab. Trinidad!, Cr. ; at S. Ann’s; [Panama, Guiana, Bahia],

Subtribe 4. DITAXIBE2E. — Inflorescence centripetal, racemose: bracts \-flowered:

flowers monoecious, $ inferior, or dioecious. Stamens inserted around the abortive pis-
til. Seeds globose, ecanmctilate .,

17. CAPERONIA, St. HU.

Flowers monoecious (or dioecious). Calyx : 3 5 (-6) -partite, imbricative ; ? 5-10-par-
tite, unequal. Petals 5. Stamens 10-8, distinct, inserted into the gynophore of the abor-
tive pistil : discal glands 0. Styles cut into many branches. Capsule 3-coccous, echinate.
Seeds punctate, globose, ecaranculate— Annual herbs: stem simple; leaves penninerved-
costate, sharply serrate : stipules persistent ; racemes axillary.

64 C. castaneifolia, St. HU. Stem hispid with glands ; leaves broadly lanceolate, or
lanceolate-linear, acuminate, 16-20-costate ; racemes androgynous, as long as, or half as long
as the leaves: ? flowers 3-1: calyx ciliate with stipitate glands: $ 6 (-10) -partite”

5 segments larger, equal ; capsule densely glandular, and at length muricate.— Plum Ed
Burm. t. 239./. 1 ; Bot. Mag. t. 2794,-Croton, L., Kth. C. palustris. Gets, (exclus. a
et synon.). Lepidococea Sieberi, Turcz.l: a form with the 5 smaller calyx-segments of 2
developed.— 1 '-2' high ; leaves glabrate, either subsessile or with the petiole A"-l" long ;
(hla wu]uil !] ' IlAB ' Trini(lal1 ,J Scflach> Gr., in swamps ; [Haiti! to Brazil 1, Panama 1 to

?*■ Pflustris> st- Hil- Glabrescent ; leaves elliptical, ovate or oval-roundish,
pointed or blunt, 10-15-costate; racemes androgynous, 2-3 times exceeded by the leaf, ?
su iso itary , calyx eglandular, ^ 6-5 - partite : 3 segments larger, equal; capsidc muricate
■i jove. 1 olon, Kth. : Linnmus s synonym (Ic. Mart. Hist. t. 38) is not quite certain, the
stem m Marty n s native specimen being glandular, though glabrous in his cultivated one.

44

EUPHORBIACEJL.

— Stem with appressed, eglandular down, or glabrous ; leaves glabrous, or pubescent only on
the ribs beneath, 3"-l" long : petiole 10"'-3'" long ; prickles of the capsule deltoid, greenish,
terminated with a gland, which is early deciduous. — Hab. Jamaica!, List., in swamps;
[New Granada!, Brazil!].

18. DITAXIS, V.

Calyx 5-partite, valvate. Petals 5, contorted, or none. Stamens biseriate, inserted into
the gynophore of the abortive pistil, 5 superior, 5-10 inferior: authers subglobose, iutrorse.
Discal glands 5. Styles bifid : stigmas crenate. Capsule 3-coccous. Seeds even, globose,
ecarunculate. — Shrubs, containing a purple pigment ; leaves undivided , stipulate ; racemes
axillary, few-flowered, subsessile, either androgynous, with the flower solitary, inferior ,
and appearing terminal if the pedicel is excrescent, or dioecious.

66. 35. glabella, Gr. Leaves obovate, elliptical -lanceolate, or lanceolate, remotely
serrate above the base, glabrate, shortly petioled ; flowers monoecious, $ 2-3, shortly pedi-
cellate, four times exceeded by the excrescent, cernuous pedicel of the ? ; petals spathulate,
exceeding the calyx ; stamens 10 ; capsule pilose. — Juss. Euph.f. 24. — D. fasciculata, V. ap.
Juss. non descr. ( non Schlecht). — A shrub, 3'-4' high; leaves 4"-l" long, 15"'-6m broad,
pointed or bluntish, subsericeous with scattered, caducous hairs ; ? calyx 2"', at length 4'"
long; petals 3'" long. — Hab. Antigua!, Nichols.; S. Vincent!, Guild.; Trinidad!, Lockh.,
Cr.; [Venezuela!].

D. fasciculata, Schlecht. ( Linncea , 6. p. 762), of S. Thomas and Venezuela!, is distin-
guished by having smaller, quite entire leaves, and by the short pedicel of ? , which at
length exceeds scarcely the .

67- D. baemiolandra, Gr. (n. sp). Leaves spathulate-lanceolate or lanceolate, quite
entire, glabrous, shortly petioled ; flowers dioecious .- $ racemes glomeruliform, a little
longer than the petiole, 5-8-flowered ; petals none ; stamens 15. — Habit and insertion of
the stameus as in the typical species. A white-barked shrub ; leaves long,

broad, chartaceous, bluntish, tapering towards the base, arch-nerved with 3-5 distant veins :
petiole 2m-3'" long : stipules minute, linear, deciduous ; $ racemes contracted, with acces-
cessory, basilar, abortive buds: pedicels 1"' long, and calyx pubescent: segments 1"' long,
ovate-ianeeolate, pointed, glabrous within, exceeded a little by the stamens ; discal glands 5 ;
gynophore cylindrical : inferior filaments 10, proceeding from its middle, superior 5 inserted
at the top : anthers ovoid ; ij? unknown. — Hab. Jamaica!, Macf. , Pd.

19. ARGYTHAMNIA, P. Br.

Blowers monoecious. Calyx 4-5-partite, valvate. Petals 4-5, included, cut at the top
(or in the ? none). Stamens 4-5, cohering at the very base, and surrounding a central
rudiment: anthers subglobose, introrse. Discal glands 4-5. Styles cut into 3-8 branches.
Capsule 3-coccous. Seeds globose, ecarunculate. — Shrubs, containing a purple pigment;
leaves undivided, stipulate; racemes axillary feic-flowered, subsessile: fl owers shortly pedi-
cellate, 3-1 inferior £ .

Chiropetalum, Juss. ( Serophytum , Benth.) and Bitaxis, which have the same colouring
matter in the leaves and flowers, are nearly allied, being chiefly distinguished by the high,
staminiferous gynophore.

68. A. candicans, Sw. Leaves lanceolate, tapering at both ends, remotely serrate
above the base, pubescent, chiefly beneath, shortly petioled : hairs subsericeous, caducoits ;
stamens 4, exserted; styles 4— 8 -fid ; seeds smooth, variegated. — SI. t. 86 . f. 3. A white-
barked-shrub, 5'-l' high; leaves 3"-6" long: petiole 1"' long, or shorter; racemes con-
tracted, $ flowers 3-4, ? subsolitary; $ calyx 4-, ? 5-partite; petals white, in ?
smaller, or abortive. — Hab. Jamaica!, Pd., At., March , IFils., on arid soil, from the coast
to the lower hills ; [Cuba ! to Caribbean Islands].

69. A. sericea, Gr. {n. sp). Leaves obovate, mucronate, quite entire, subsessile, seri-
ceous: down persistent; stamens 5, as long as the calyx and petals; styles 3-4-fid ; ^secds
punctate-scabrous. — A low, leafy shrub, entirely covered with silky down; leaves 12 -S
long, 8"'-5'" broad : principal veins 3-4 on each side, straightish, promiuulous, parallel to
the cuneate leaf-base : stipules lanceolate-setaceous, persistent, V" long ; racemes contracted

EUPII0RB1ACE2E.

45

scorpioid, 4W long. $ : Flowers 3-4, one above the other, 2-3-bracteolate, shortly pedicel-
late, l"'loug; calyx 5 -partite : segments lanceolate ; petals reddish, lanceolate, cut at the
blunt top ; diseal glands alternating with the petals ; stamens opposite the petals : filaments
slightly cohering at the base. $ : Mowers subsolitary, inferior, shortly pedicellate ; calyx
as in $ ; petals none; ovary 3-globose, villous: styles cut into linear, unequal branches at
the top; capsule depressed, 2"' diarn.; seeds diam. — Hab. Bahamas!, Swains.

Subtribe 5. ACAL YPIIEJE. — Inflorescence centripetal, mostly racemose, or spicate: $
bracts usually several-flowered. Floivers apetalous, $ calyx valvale. Seeds globose or
ovoid: caruncle none, or obsolete.

20. ACIDOTON, Sw.

Flowers dioecious (“rarely monoecious on distinct branches”). Calyx S 5-, £ 6(-5)-
partite. Stamens oo, 4-seriate, distinct, inserted upon a conical disc : anthers oblong, ex-
trorse, minutely 2-aristate. Style 3-fid : branches simple, thick, papillose. Capsule 3-coc-
cous. Seeds ecarunculate, ovoid, smooth. — A shrub ; leaves entire, stipulate ; racemes axil-
lary, $ contracted.

70. A. urens, Sw.! — SI. t. 83./. 1: leaves. Sw. Fl.f. 18: analyt. Baillon, Euph.
t. 18. /. 10, 11: stamens.— A. innocuus, BailU — 5'-10' high; leaves oblong-lanceolate,
pointed, 3"-5" long, shortly petioled, quite entire, or repand, glabrous, shining above, with
reticulated veins, ciliate with stinging, deciduous hairs : stipules triangular-subulate, persis-
tent ; racemes hairy, <J few-flowered : pedicels single, 4"'-6"' long ; <j> racemes long, with
distant flowers : pedicels f"-V" long ; calyx (2'" long) and capsule covered with stinging
hairs ; seeds rusty. — Hab. Jamaica !, Pd., Al., March, in the limestone hills of the central
and western districts.

21. ADELIA, L. {non F. Br., nec Jussi).

Flowers dioecious. Calyx 5-partite. Stamens 12-15, distinct, inserted into the promi-
nulous centre of the perigynous disc : anthers ovoid-oblong, extrorse. Styles 3, cut into
many, bluntly filiform, short branches. Capsule 3-coccous. Seeds ecarunculate, globose,
smooth. — -Shrabs; leaves quite entire : stipules deciduous : $ flowers, fasciculate, in axil-
lary or lateral clusters , $ fasciculate or solitary, long-pedicellate.

71. A. Ricinella, L. Leaves obovate or spathulate, glabrous, subsessile ; clusters of
<? flowers whitish-pubescent : pedicels as long as the globose bud ; pedicels 3-1, as lon°-
as the leaves, glabrate, terminal on villous, abortive, bud-like branchlets, which are surrounded
by fasciculate leaves ; capsule and calyx pubescent. — A white-barked, erect shrub, 6'-10' hi^h :
branches spreading, sometimes spinescent ; leaves 2"-l" long, minutely pellucid-dotted, char-
taceous, deciduous; calyx 1"' long: segments ovate-lanceolate, with a bluntish point, reflexed
from the capsule ; seeds pale.— Hab. Jamaica !, Macfl, Pd„ March, in the limestone districts
of Port Royal, in arid places of Westmoreland; [Cuba !, at Matanzas],

22. BERNARDIA, P. Br.

(Adelia, Juss. Tyria, Kl. ap. Endl., non El. Eric.)

dicEcious. Calyx: $ 3(-“ 5 ”)-partite ; “ ? 6-5 -partite, biseriate.” Stamens
lo l J, distinct : interior central, mixed with some glands : anthers cruciate-globose with
2 cells anterior, 2 posterior. “ Styles 3, short, lacerate-crcnate.” Capsule 3-coccous —
Shrubs ; leaves serrate, stipulate ; <? spikes amentiform , axillary : flowers sessile in the
aril of a bract, bracteolate ; “ $ flowers few, or solitary, subterminal, 2,-bracteaie.”

72. B carpinifolia, Or. Leaves ovatc-oblong, with a bluntish point, obtusely serrate,
r i?oont aboV<3’. tomeniose beneath; spikes as long as the petiole, sessile.— Paw.
-jujti. f 8: analyt.: differing by a 5-partite (J calyx, while in our specimens it is 3-par-
l,~nh a Be,raardla’Z> ex.synon . P. Br.— A tomentose shrub, 10'-2' high: habit of

,, L<fre,a'‘ lcavcst 3 U long, rounded at the base, tapering from the middle, bearing
ow'l "V 3 . . . ,on * 10 lln<lcr side: primary veins distant, prominulous beneath: petiole 6m-
ong, t nclush, tomentose: stipules lm long, setaceous; $ spikes O'11— 4W long, tomen-
ose . rai ts ovate, acute, including the globose flower : lateral bracteolcs shorter, lanceolate ;

46

EUPI10RBIACE7E.

calyx-segments 3, ovate, acute, nearly equalling the stamens ; central disc minute ; anthers
yellow. — Hab. Jamaica !, Wilt., March.

23. LASIOCROTON, Gr.

Flowers “ monoecious, inferior $ Calyx $ 4-parlite. Stamens 8 (7-14), inserted upon
a minute disc : anthers oblong, adnate : cells curved, introrsc. Styles . . . Capsule 3-coccous.
Seeds globose, ecarunculate. — -A shrub ; habit of Bernardia ; leaves ( resembling those of
Verbascum) tomentose, veiny -archnerved beneath ; spikes simple, axillary : <? flowers ses-
sile, glomerate.

73. It. macrophyllus, Gr.- — Croton, Sw. ! — A high, leafy, tomentose shrub ; leaves
ovate or roundish, 4"-3" long, cordate at the base, bluntish, quite entire, or repaud, noth the
thicldsh margin subrevolute, pale-green above, hoary with yellowish veins beneath : secon-
dary veins transverse and reticulated : petiole 2"'-8'" long, articulated at the exstipulate base ;
spikes shortly peduncled : bracts including a glomerule of 3-5 3 flowers, at length distant;
3 calyx valvate, 1'" long, bearing dense yellow wool on the back : segments 3-angular; sta-
mens included, distinct : filaments purple, as long as the anthers ; capsule (lying loose in
Swartz’s collection) tomentose ; seeds \w diam., smooth, ash-coloured : raphe distinct, deli-
cate.-— -Hab. Jamaica!, Sw., March (<?)■

24. ALCHORNEA, Sol.

Flowers dioecious. Calyx 4(5-3)-partite. Stamens 8 (6-9), inserted upon a scutelliform
disc : anthers oblong, adnate, introrse. Styles 2 (-3), liguliform, simple, long-exserted.
Capsule subdrapaceous : cocci at length bivalved. Seeds globose, ecarunculate. — Woody
plants ; leaves veiny-archnerved beneath ; spikes usually compound.

74. A. latifolia, Sw. Arboreous ; leaves broadly oval (ovate or obovate), serrulate,
glabrous, eglandular at the base, subtriplinerved, long-petioled : serratures distant, glandular;
spikes compound, the ? with a few branches, or simple : $ flowers glomerate, ? single,
distant, sessile ; styles linear, twisted, suberect, six times exceeding the ovary ; seeds rugulose.
— Sw. F/.f. 24, analyt. ; Lam. III. t. 998. — A middle-sized tree, leaves 8"-3" long; calyx
yellowish-green, styles 2, 8w-6"' long; capsule didymous, 4'" broad: seeds 2'" diam. — Hab.
Jamaica !, all collectors, common, being the characteristic tree of the pasture-vegetation.

25. PLTJKENETIA, L.

Floioers monoecious. Calyx 4(-5)-partite. Stamens 8-20, inserted upon a prominulous
disc : anthers cruciate-globose. Style simple, long-exserted : stigma 4(-3)-lobed, fleshy.
Capsule 4(-3)-coccous. Seeds “ rugulose.” — Climbing shrubs ; leaves cordate, 2-glandu/ar
at the base, stipulate ; racemes spiciform, axillary : $ flowers glomerate, ^ 1 (-2), basilar.

75. P. volubulis, L. Glabrous; leaves cordate, pointleted, serrulate or repaud; ra-
cemes as long as the petiole ; calyx 4-partitc ; capsule 4-coccous : “ angles keeled.” — Lam.
III. t. 788. — Hab. Dominica!, Imr.

26. POLYBGSA, KI, ap. Endl.

Flowers monoecious. Calyx: 3 3-partite; ? 5-6-partite. Stamens 9, distinct, central:
anthers 2-globose, laterally dehiscent. Ovary surrounded by a disc : styles 3, bipartite.
Capsule 3-coccous. Seeds obovoid, ecarunculate.— A shrub; leaves serrate, stipulate ; $
racemes spiciform, axillary : clusters distant, included within a cucullate bract ; ? flowers
in a short, terminal spi/ce.

76. P. corensis, Kl. — Br. Jam. t. 36. /. 1 ; Jacq. Amer. Piet. t. 241. — Acalypha,
Jacq. — 4'-8' high, glabrescent; leaves obovate, 3"-2" long, coarsely serrate, shortly petioled;
3 racemes 6'" long ; ? flowers 3-4: bracts 3-partite; seeds rosy: exterior integument
evanescent. — Hab. Jamaica {F. Br.)-, Antigua I, Nichols. ; Dominica !, Imr. ; S. Vincent!,
Guild.-, [Venezuela!].

27. ACALYPHA, L.

Calyx $ 4-, ? 3(-5)-partite. Stamens 8-16, inserted into the central disc: anthers

EUPII0RBIACE2E.

47

extrorse : cells free, hanging from the top of the filament, usually oblong-contortuplicate.
Styles 3, multifid (rarely bifid) : branches setaceous. Capsule 3-coecons. Seeds minute,
subglobose : caruncle none, or obsolete. — Leaves usually serrate , stipulate ; spiciform ra-
cemes, or spikes, axillary or terminal, the 9 sometimes reduced to a cluster : flowers mi-
nute, $ bracts several-flowered, 9 often excrescent, cucullate, crenate.

§ 1. Dioecious shrubs ; $ flowers in spiciform racemes, $ glomerate.

77. A. betulifolia, Sw. Branchlets puberulous ; leaves oval-roundish, or oval, rounded
at the base, shortly pctioled, crenate or crenate-serrate, glabrous, with the midrib puberu-
lous beneath, as long as the glabrous $ racemes ; $ flowers axillary, few in the cluster :
bracts cucullate-roundish, divided into 4-9 large, ovate, glabrous teeth ; seeds ovate, blunt. —
A dioecious shrub, l'-2' high ; leaves 16'" -4'" long ; seeds •£'" long : caruncle obsolete. — Hab.
Jamaica!, M‘Nab, Wils., Al., in the southern limestone districts.

78. A. scabrosa, Sw. Branchlets pubescent ; leaves ovate or lanceolate, cuneaie at
the base, serrate or crenate-serrate, pubescent, chiefly beneath, or glabrescent, nearly as
long as the subsessile, hispidulous $ racemes ; 5? flowers axillary, few in the cluster : bracts
cucullate, divided into 4-9 large, ovate, ciliate teeth; seeds subglobose. — A dioecious, vari-
able shrub, 12— 2' high; leaves 2"— 1" long, 10'"— 4'" broad: petiole 4'"— 2'" long; seeds
ovoiol-subglobose, long, ecarunculate.

a. Leaves lanceolate, or oblong-lanceolate, with a bluntish point.

/3. ovata. Leaves ovate, blunt, glabrescent.

Hab. Jamaica!, all collectors, in the southern limestone districts, and on the seashore.

§ 2. Monoecious shrubs ; $ flowers in spiciform racemes, 9 spicate.

79. A. virgata, L., Sw. / Branchlets puberulous ; leaves oblong-lanceolate or elliptical,
pointleted, obtusely serrate, glabrous ; racemes and spikes axillary, filiform, shortly pedun-
cled, superior, or usually on distinct branches ; 9 bracts cucullate, roundish, toothed :
teeth ovate. — Br. Jam. t. 36./. 2. — A monoecious shrub, about 15' high; leaves 4"-2|"
long, lV'-2" broad, usually exceeding the racemes : petiole 4"'-8'" long : stipules shortly
subulate, caducous. — Hab. Jamaica !, Sw., Wils., March.

80. A. elliptica, Sw. Branchlets glabrescent ; leaves elliptical-oblong or elliptical-lan-
ceolate, acuminate, obtusely serrate, glabrous or glabrescent, long-petioled ; racemes and
spikes axillary, long, filiform, pcduncled, superior 3 or androgynous or on distinct branches ;
9 bracts cucullate, cuneate at the base, palmatifid to the middle, at length toothed by growth
of the inferior part: lobes oblong.— Leaves 7"-3" long, 2/'-l" broad, subglandular° above
at the base : petiole 2"-li" long: stipules shortly subulate; racemes hairy or glabrescent,
8-3 long, slender, nearly as longor half as long as the leaves— Hab. Jamaica I Pd
Disl., m the mountains.

81. A. hernandifolia, Sw. Branchlets glabrescent, leaves ovate, pointed, serrate, gla-
brous long-petioled, 5-nerved at the emarginate base ; racemes and spikes axillary, filiform
shortly peduncled, $ and 9 on distinct branches; 9 bracts cucullate, roundish, denticulate':
teeth minute 3 -angular. — A monoecious shrub, 6' high; leaves 6"-2" long, 3''-l" broad:
petiole 3 -1 long : stipules broadly semicordate-subulate, caducous ; racemes 6"-2" long the
9 spikes either inferior or superior.— Hab. Jamaica!, Pd., AL, in woods, e.g. S. Ann’s;
S. Vincent!, Guild.; [Cuba!, Venezuela!].

, . 82: vju°sa; Jafp Shrubby, branchlets pubescent; leaves ovate, pointed, serrate,

hispidulous chiefly on the nerves beneath, long-petioled ; stipules subulate ; $ racemes filiform,
on distinct branches, and 9 spikes exceeded by the leaves ; 9 bracts cucullate, roundish,
polled, small, nearly as long as the ovary, not excrescent : teeth ovate.— Jacq. Amer. Piet.

i h,?h; leaves 5 '_6u]ong; 2"-3" broad : petiole 1*"- 5" long ; stipules 4'" long ;
racemes and spikes 3 -4 long, shortly pedimcled : 9 flowers distant from each other.—
tlAB. Jamaica!, Wils., S. Ihomas in the East; [Panama!, New Granada],

A' “acrostachya, Jacq. Branchlets glabrescent ; leaves large, elliptical, pointleted,
a i r 0 denticulate, repand, glabrous : stipules long , rigid-membranaceous, con-

o j, “°ate| acuminate ; racemes and spikes axillary, long-filiform, shortly peduncled;

Schffn.hr / S’ CUaU^ U^e’ exccct e^ ^y the styles, toothed: teeth linear, pointed. — Jacq.
oc/tcenor. t. 245. A monoecious shrub; leaves 10"~6" long, 5"-2£" broad: petiole 2"-l*"

48

EUPIIORBIACETE.

long : stipules 4"' long ; racemes 6"-4" long, ? spikes inferior or in the middle : <J glo-
meiules imbricate.— Hab. Irinidad !, Schach , Lockli Pd., Cr ., in the mountains of Maraval,
o. Ann s ; [Caracas] .

84. A. laevigata, Sw. Branclilcts glabrescent ; leaves elliptical-lanceolate, pointleted or
bluntish, serrate, glabrous, shortly petioled ; $ racemes axillary, filiform, shortly pe-
duncled, exceeding the leaves; V spikes half as long, superior: bracts distant, cucullate,
roundish, palmatifid to the middle: lobes lanceolate, the middle longer. — Desc. FI. 5. t.
379. — A. carpinifolia, I) esc. — A monoecious shrub, 2'-3' high; leaves 2"-3" long, 1" broad:
petiole 2"'-3'" long : stipules minute, ovate; racemes 4"~3" long, cernuous ; spikes 2"-l"
long, few-flowered.— Hab. Jamaica!, Macf, Pd., Wils., in woods, e.g. Manchester.

§ 3. Androgynous shrubs ; $ flowers in spiciform racemes, which have sessile

? flowers at the base.

85. A. cuspidata, Jacg. Brancklets pubescent; leaves subcordate-ovate, acuminate,

serrate, 5 -nerved at the base, long-petioled, pubescent or glabrate above, hoary-pubescent or
glabi escent beneath ; racemes axillary, filiform, shortly peduncled, with 3—1 sessile ^ flowers
at and above the. base of the peduncle ; $ bracts dilated-roundish, toothed or repand,
sheathing (or abortive) . — Jacg. Schcenbr. t. 243: a form with the !j? bracts abortive or trans-
formed into leaves.— A. biserrata, Berter. — A shrub, 2'-3' high, or higher; leaves 4"-2"
long : petiole long : stipules lanceolate ; racemes as long as the petiole, with acces-

sory clusters of ^ flowers in the lower axils ; seeds ovate-globose, eearunculate. — Hab.
Jamaica!, Macf., at Halberstadt; S. Vincent!, Guild.; [Portorico, Caracas].

§ 4. Herbaceous : terminal or superior spikes ? , inferior racemes $ .

86. A. polystachya, Jacg. Annual; stem pubescent, erect; leaves ovate, pointed,
serrate, cordate at the base, glabrescent ; racemes and spikes filiform, the $ racemes from
the inferior axils peduncled, the ? spikes terminal, or similar ones from the uppermost axils
subsessile : bracts cucullate-palmatifid, with linear, pointed lobes. — Jacg. Schcenbr. 2. t. 246 :
the styles however are multilid in our plant, as in A. polystachya, var. lacera, Kunze ! —
Hab. Jamaica!, Wulls., S. Elizabeth; [Cuba!, Haiti],

§ 6. Herbaceous: terminal raceme $ or androgynous.

87. A. reptans, Sw. Herbaceous or suffrutescent, pubescent or glabrate ; leaves ovate,
blunt, or roundish, crenate ; terminal raceme subsessile, cylindrical, S and bearing usually
5? sessile flowers at the base : superior axils furnished with similar androgynous racemes, or
5? clusters ; ? bracts roundish, dentate or crenate : teeth ovate. — SI. t. 82./’. 3. — A. corcho-
rifolia, W. : the form noth the terminal raceme devoid of ? flowers. The observation on the
anthers of this and A. villosa, Jacq. (PI. Carib. p. 22; Novit. Panam. p. 1), is erroneous. —
Palmar, ctespitose, or creeping ; leaves 6,"-10"' long, pellucid-dotted ; androgynous raceme
1” long.- — Hab. Jamaica !, M‘Nab, Wils., in crevices of rocks, stone walls, or dry pastures ;
[Cuba!, Guadeloupe!].

28. TRAGIA, L.

Flowers monoecious. Calyx $ 3-, ? 3-8-partite. Stamens 3-1 : anthers oblong or glo-
bose, introrse. Style 3-fid. Capsule 3-coccous. Seeds globose, eearunculate. — Leaves ser-
rate or divided, stipulate .- hairs stinging ; racemes androgynous, axillary ; ? flowers infe-
rior, subsolitary, long -pedicellate.

88. T. volubilis, L. Suffrutescent, twining, hispidulous or glabrescent ; leaves oblong-
lanceolate, acuminate, usually cordate, serrate ; racemes filiform, as long ns the ? pedicel, or
longer: / bracts setaceous, as long as the single S pedicel; stamens 2 (-3) : anthers ovoid-
oblong; ? calyx 6 (-5) -partite : segments lanceolate, quite entire; style-branches revolute;
capsule 3-globose, hispid. — SI. t. 82. f. 1. — Hab. Jamaica!, all collectors, common in
hedges and woods; S. Vincent!, Guild.; Trinidad!, Pd.; [Venezuela!, New Granada!,
Brazil !].

EUPIIORBIACEjE.

49

Subtkibe 6. H1PPOMANEJE. — Inflorescence centripetal, spiciform : $ bracts usually
several-flowered. F/oioers apetalous or naked : calyx imbricative or none. Stamens cen-
tral. Seeds either carunculate or included within a dissolving outer integument.

29. MICROSTACHYS, Juss.

Flowers monoecious. Calyx 3-partite. Stamens 3, distinct : anthers globose, extrorse.
Styles 3, simple. Capsule 3-coccous. Seeds oblong, caruoculate. — Habit of Tragi a ; £ ra-
cemes spiciform, lateral: bracts distichous, sub-h-jlowered: ^ flowers supra-axillary , sub-
solitary, shortly pedicellate (or racemes androgynous, at the base).

The lateral inflorescence is apparently clue to an adhesion of the peduncle to the axis.

89. M. corniculata, Jnss. Annual, subpilose, glabrescent ; leaves ovate, acuminate,
or lanceolate, subcordate at the eglandular base, minutely serrulate : serratures inconspicuous ;
racemes filiform, nearly as long as the opposite petiole ; cocci 4(-6)-spurred : spurs subu-
late, divergent, 2 superior, 2 inferior .—Vahl, Eclog. t. 19. — Tragia, V. Cnemidostaehys
Vahlii, Spr. C. glabrata, Mart. M. guianensis, Kl. — Leaves variable in breadth, glabrous
above; caruncle scutelliform. — Hab. Trinidad J, Loclch., Pd., Cr., in waste places; [Vene-
zuela!, Guiana!, Brazil!].

30. SAPIUM, Jacq.

Flowers monoecious. Calyx $ bifid or 3-4-dentate ; ? trifid or 3-deutate. Stamens
2 (-3), monadelpbous at the base, exserted: anthers globose, extrorse. Style 3(— 2)-
fid : branches simple. Capsule 3-coccous. Seeds subglobose, ecarunculate : exterior integu-
ment persistent, rugulose. — Woody plants; leaves smooth, usually glandulif erous : stipules
caducous ; racemes spiciform, terminal or lateral, glandulif erous, primordial $ , suc-
ceeding ones androgynous, 9 flowers at the base .- $ bracts vrith a cluster of 3 or many
flowers.

90. S. aucuparium, Jacq. Arboreous; leaves lanceolate-oblong, oblong, or elliptical,
glandular-denticulate or subentire : principal veins numerous : petiole bearing 2 (—4) oblong
or ovate glands at or below the top : stipules triangular-roundish ; racemes filiform, termi-
nal ; £ calyx bifid : filaments 2, diverging from the monadelphous base. — A high, very
milky tree ; leaves variable.

a. Leaves pointed, shortly tapering at both ends ; terminal racemes subsolitary. — Jacq.
rimer. Piet. t. 237 ; Base. FI. 3. t. 154. — Hippomane biglandulosa, Aubl.

fi. Hippomane, Mcy. ! Leaves pointleted or blunt, rounded at both ends ; terminal ra-
cemes usually temate.— Hab. Trinidad!, Cr.; [Guadeloupe!, Venezuela!, Guiana!].

91. S. laurifolium, Gr. Arboreous; leaves leathery, oblong, rounded at both ends,
pointleted with a blunt point, repand-entire or obsoletely crenulate, pellucid-dotted : principal
\ eins numerous : petiole bearing 2 minute subglobose glands below the top : stipules semicor-
date; racemes filiform, terminal, 3-5-partite; $ calyx bifid: filaments 2, diverging from the
monadelphous base. Rich. Cab. t. 69. — S. Brownei, Herb. Bks. Stillingia laurifolia, Rich.
Hippomane biglandulosa, Sw. (exclus. syn. SI.). — A very milky tree, 20 -50' high ; leaves
shining. Hab. Jamaica \, Macf., Al. ; [Cuba !, Venezuela !],

92. S. cuneatum, Gr. (n. sp.). Leaves obovate or oblong, rounded or bluutish at the
top, cuneate at the base, bearing glands on the subentire margin, and at least 2, minute, ses-
sile ones above the base ot the limb, devoid of pellucid dots : principal veins distant : petiole
eglandular : stipules cordate-roundish; racemes lateral, arcuate-filiform, simple, numerous;
6 calyx bifid : filaments 2, diverging from the monadelphous base ; style 2-3 -fid.— Leaves
usually smaller than in the preceding, 4" long, about 2" broad (sometimes twice as long),
coetaneous at length leathery : principal veins 2"'-4'" distant, alternating with smaller
ones: petiole 8'' iong; racemes 2"-3" long : £ clusters somewhat distant.— Hab. Jamaica!,
Al; Macf; Pd; Ma^E

31. HIPPOMANE, L.

riowers of Sapium, but stamens 2 (-4), monadelphous almost to the base of the distinct
anthers. Styles 4-8. Pericarp drupaceous. Seeds ovoid : testa as in Sapium— Habit and
inflorescence of Sapium.

E

50

EUPIIORBIACE2E.

98. H. Mancinella, L. Arboreous; leaves ovate or elliptical, serrulate or crenate,
serrate, shining, uniglandular above at the base, as long as or twice as long the petiole ;
racemes terminal. — A7.A19B ; Jacq. Amer. Pict.t. 238; Fl.Z.t. 5 \Desc. . . • ••

—A middle-sized, poisonous tree; drupe subglobose, If diam., yellowish-green.— 14ab. Ja-
maica!, Pd.; S. Vincent!, Guild.; Grenada; Trinidad, on the sandy seacoast ; [Luba to Ve-
nezuela, and Panama !].

32. HURA, L.

Flowers monoecious. Calyx cupulil'orm, irregularly toothed. Column central, bearing
below its verticillate projections indefinite, sessile, extrorse anthers. Style simple,, lnlundi-
buliform at the top : stigma many-lobed, with hanging, subulate branches. Capsule poly-
coceous. “ Seeds compressed-round : testa as in Sapium.” — A milky, glabrous tree ; leaves
biglandular above at the base; spikes oval or oblong, long-peduncled, terminal : 6 nowers
densely imbricated , $ at the base or in the superior axils.

94. H. crepitans, L. — Tuss. FI. 4. t. 5 ; Peso. FI. 2. t. 124— A high tree; leaves
variable, about 2" diam., roundish, usually cordate, pointleted, serrate or subeutire, often
shorter than the petiole ; anthers usually 1-3-seriate. — Hab. Jamaica ., Pd., Mact.,

S. Vincent!, Guild.; Trinidad; [Cuba to Brazil]. Sandbox.

33. OMPHALEA, L.

Flowers monoecious. Calyx 5-4-partite. Column surrounded by a disc central, agarici-
forrn, bearing 3-2 sessile extrorse anthers on the margin of its pi eus. Style simple, shoit
stio-ma shortly 3-lobed. Pericarp drupaceous, 3-coccous. Seeds subglobose : testa ot -
mum —Woody plants ; leaves quite entire: stipules deciduous ; panic e terminator axillary,
Racemose ; bracts distant, large, spathulate-linear, from the axil of which arises a pedunc ,
dichotomous, androgynous cyme, with a central $ flower.

95. O. triandra, L. Arboreous ; leaves oblong, oval, or cordate bighmdular

above at the base ; anthers 3. — Br. Jam. t. 22./. 4: mala; Tuss. . . . > ^- ‘

t 80. — O. nucifera, Sw. — A tree of various height; drupe yellow, globose, tuirowed, 12
diam.— Hab. Jamaica!, M‘Nab, Wits., common; [Guiana].

96. O. diandra, L. Shrubby, trailing, pubescent ; leaves

rent beneath biglandular above at the base; anthers Z.—Aubl. t. 32b. U coraata ow
-5 have seen only continental specimens, and doubt its being distinct from the preceding.
— Hab. Jamaica, Sw., on rocks ; [Guiana!, equatorial Biazil.J.

34. EXCCECARIA, L.

Flowers naked, or usually with the calyx represented by a van. ablei nrnnbei
Stamens 2-4 (1-16), distinct : anthers globose, extrorse. Styles 3, often united •

toE Lf apni, 3-coccous. Seeds

plants; racemes amentiform, usually androgynous, with the ? flow* f ^ Wefly .

1 Baillon has united this genus partly with Sapium from which iitisi listing h d h i y
the seeds as also by the distinct stamens, if we adopt the hypothetical view that rtlie o, g n

cariLus. (Pjmnanthes hypoleuca, Bcnth., is identical with my other Guadeloupe species
(E.farinosa).

Sect. 1. Gymnanthes. — Flowers monoecious : $ bracts Q-Jloweied; T f owe is long ped'
cell ale. Seeds globose : caruncle pileiform.

97 E. lucida, Sw. Glabrous ; leaves lanceolate or lnnceolntc-clhplical,
or subentire ; aments eglaudular, sessile; S flowers 8-2-an^

filaments as long as the author ; ? flower subsolitary, basilar or distinct, , s _A

its pedicel nearly as long as the amends Mph 55 : ^^n?dlam.fSaek :

5 *>« —

Nichols.; [Cuba!, Guadeloupe!].

EUPH0RBIACE2E.

51

Sect. 2. Actinostemon. — Flowers monoecious : S bracts 2-5 -flowered ; $ flowers long-
pedicellate, solitary in the axils. Seeds cubical, with rounded angles: caruncle
obsolete.

98. E. caribsea, Griseb. Glabrous; leaves lanceolate-oblong, pointed, minutely sub-
coydate at the tapering, petiolcd base, quite entire, biglandular at the base beneath ; $ aments
axillary, enclosed within integuments, sessile, eglandidar: central flowers tetrandrous; 9 flowers
in different axils : style 3-lid. — Actinostemon, Griseb. Carib. — A leafy shrub ; leaves leathery ;
seeds 2" diam. — Hab. Antigua!, Wullschl.; [Guadeloupe!].

Sect. 3. Hypaspidia. — Flowers dioecious : £ bracts one-flowered, raised to the top of the
short pedicel : anthers opening obliquely by an oval pore ; $ flowers in axillary racemes :
bracts basilar. Seeds ovoid: caruncle minute.

99. E. tinifolia, Sw. Glabrous ; leaves ovate or oval, blunt, remotely and obsoletely
serrulate, or subentire ; aments eglandular, sessile ; $ flowers 3-androus, naked, bibracteo-
late : filaments shorter than the globose anther; !j? flowers shortly pedicellate, 3-bracteolate :
styles reflexed.— Gy m nanthes elli ptiea, Sw. — A shrub, 12'-14' high; leaves shining, leathery,
3 -1 long; seeds 1§"' long, brown.— Hab. Jamaica!, Mac/., Pd., Al., March, in the
mountains; [Veracruz!].

Sect. 4. Adenaspidia. Flowers monoecious: $ bracts 3-5 -flowered ; ? flowers sessile.

Seeds globose : caruncle very minute, papilliform.

1 00. E. glandulosa, Sw. Glabrous ; leaves elliptical, pointleted, subentire ; aments
shortly ped uncled, glandular on the back of the incurved S bracts; f flowers 2(-3)-an-
drous, naked, bracteolate at the base of the pedicel and obsoletely unibracteolate at its top :
i aments shorter than the anthers ; flowers 1-3, tribracteolate, inferior in the same ament
or distinct : styles reflexed. SI. t. 158./. 2.— A middle-sized tree; leaves 3" long, polished;
seeds 12 diam, blotched: caruncle like a pin’s head— Hab. Jamaica!, Sw., Al., March,
in woods, e.g. S. Ann s.

Subtribe /. EUPHORBIEAZ. — Inflorescence androgynous, involucrate : flowers

apetalous, dr naked.

35. DALECIIAMPIA, L.

Involucre 2-phyllous, stipulate ; involucels separating the flowers of both sexes : F doicers
umbellate, central : calyx 4-5-partite, valvate, polyandrous ; ? flowers 3, lateral, subsessile :
ea yx 5-12-partite : style long, subentire. Capsule 3-coccous. Seeds subglobose, ecarun-
culate.— Shrubs , usually climbing ; leaves stipulate and usually stipellale-, flower-heads
peaunclecl, included within the involucre .

i i101irD! scandens, L. Leaves deeply 3 -fid, cordate at the base, pubescent beneath:
ZCS el'd>tical-°blong, po.nlktcd, serrulate: stipules lanceolate, acuminate; involucral leaves
gieen, 2,-fid, 5- nerved.. , hairy ; ? calyx 10-partite.— Jacq. Amer. Piet. t. 239.— A twining
Venezuela1!]0' Ant'SUa ’ NlcloIs- > Dominica!, Imr.; Trinidad!, Cr. ; [Haiti; Panama;

nuWenfhpn^f6^’ ^ 3'fid> COrclate at tbe ba^, hispidllloUS-

SlA wrl i- °bCS °/atCj Pomtleted’ serrulate: stipules lanceolate-linear; involucral
mm ? 6 <) Iff’ “'f M17K'',toinc“tl)sc. 3 -dentate at the top, subentire on the
3r with ihflf Ca r 10;Partlte:, segments ciliate with spinules, and bearing, to-

T ^th ,,TfC’ y.el>°w> stinging bustles.— Allied to B. colorata, L„ and B. peni-

subentite Abtwindin SrS?edRby (leavcs minutely serrulate and the involucral leaves
fa ™ ? S 8hl'ub: branchlcts boary-pubeseent ; involucral leaves at length H"

inf, ™ a I transyerse veins prominulous; spinules of the ? calvx 1"' long spread-
g-rccurved to the exterior side of the segments : bristles V" long.— Hab. Trinidad |P Cr

Involucre bilabiate,
shorter, gibbous, beari
to a single articulated

36. PEDILANTI-1US, Neck.

including indefinite <J , and one central ? flower : the exterior leaf
ng 4 glands on the inner side at its base : $ flowers naked, reduced
stamen, ? pedicellate, with an obsolete calyx. Style entire: stigmas

E 2

52

EUPII0RBIACE2E.

3, short. Capsule 3-coccous. Seeds carunculate. — Shrubs; leaves fleshy, alternate; flower-
heads cymose : involucre red.

103. P. tithymaloid.es, Poit. Leaves ovate-roundish, elliptical, or spathulate-lanceolate,
keeled on the midrib beneath ; ovary glabrous, exserted ; capsule devoid of horns.

a. Leaves ovate-roundish. — Jacq. Amer. Piet. t. 138. — Euphorbia, Jacq.

P. padifolius, Poit. Leaves elliptical, pointed usually at both ends. — Bot. Reg. t. 837 ;
Bot. Mag. t. 2514. — P. carinatus, Spr. P. tithymaloides, var. anacampseroides, Poit.
Euphorbia carinata, Bot. Mag.

y. angustifolius, Poit. Leaves spathulate-lanceolate. — Poit. in Ann. Mas. 19. t. 19./.
2. — Hab. Jamaica!, Hist, (y), on rooks along the seacoast; S. Vincent!, Guild. (/3), and
other Caribbean islands, Jacq. (a) ; [Venezuela],

37. EUPHORBIA, L.

Involucre calyciform, shortly 5-4-fid, and usually glanduliferous between the lobes, inclu-
ding indefinite j and one central ? flower. Flowers and capsules as in Pedilanthus , but
styles 3, mostly bifid. — Flower-heads usually in umbelliform cymes, rarely polygamous by
abortion.

§ 1. Succulent , aphyllous shrubs.

104. E. alata, Hook. ! Unarmed, articulated, branched : branches opposite or whorled,
oblong-linear, complanate-2-winged ; umbels contracted, terminal and lateral, bibracteate,
twice (or once) 3-rayed : universal ones sessile, partial shortly pedicellate ; involucre few-
flowered, with 5 petaloid appendages and fringed interior lobes. — Hook. Ic. t. 700. — -Habit
of Viscum opuntioides : woody below : iuternodes 2" -8" long, 2"' broad — Hab. Jamaica!,
Pd., in rooky woods, Manchester.

§ 2. Shrubs; leaves opposite or whorled, long-peiioled, equal at the base, quite entire:
petiole articulated at the sheathing base : stipules glanduliform, inconspicuous.

105. E. nudiflora, Jacq. Branches cylindrical, with distant, deciduous foliage; leaves
opposite (or ternate), ovate, elliptical, or elliptical-lanceolate, bluntisb, glabrous or subciliate ;
cymes terminal and axillary, subsessile, several times dichotomous ; involucre with 5 peta-
loid, crenate appendages and fringed interior lobes ; capsule glabrous, long-exserted, nodding ;
seeds ecarunculate, ovoid-oblong, irregularly wrinkled-tubercled. — Jacq. Ic. Rar. t. 479. —
E. graminea, Sw. ( non Lin.). — A dichotomous or trichotomous shrub, 10'-1' high, leaves
2"-l" long: petiole 4,,r long, usually as long as the cymes ; seeds l"1 long. — Hab. Ja-
maica!, Al., March, Wits., common on limestone; S. Vincent!, Guild.; [Mexico!].

106. E. cotinifolia, L. Branches cylindrical, thickened at the nodes ; leaves opposite
or ternate, ovate or ovate-roundish, bluntish, subcordate at the base, glabrous, glaucous
beneath, as long as or exceeded in length by the petiole ; cymes terminal, peduncled, tricho-
tomous ; involucre with 5 petaloid, quite entire appendages, and cut interior lobes ; capsule
glabrous ; seeds ecarunculate, ovoid, irregularly wrinkled. — Hook. Fxot. t. 59. — A high
shrub ; leaves 2"-l" long : petiole 3"-l" long, with stipular glands at the node. — Hab. Bar-
badoes!. Lane; Trinidad!, Lockh. ; [Venezuela!, New Granada!, Guiana!].

§ 3. Shrubs ; leaves opposite or whorled, shortly petioled, inserted' on the inner side
of a spreading stipular sheath.

107. E. vaginulata, Gr. ( n.sp .). Branchlets densely ringed with aphyllous, ciliolate,
bilobed sheaths ; leaves opposite or ternate, inserted into the uppermost or superior sheaths,
small, fleshy, spathulate-linear, quite entire, glabrous, or with a few hairs on the midrib be-
neath, much longer than the puberulous petiole ; peduncles simple, short, terminal ; involucre
with minute, rounded appeudagtfs ; capsule glabrous, nodding : styles simple ; seeds ecaruncu-
late, globose, smooth, ash-colour, red. — A low, branched shrub : nodes annular, 2"'-4m distant
from each other; branchlets 2'" long, covered entirely with the rounded, spreading sheaths,
or the uppermost internodes sometimes developed : leaves 2"' long, broad, vcinlcss : pe-
tiole scarcely exserted from the sheath ; peduncles almost wholly immersed in the upper-
most sheath , iuvolueral glands blackish, contiguous, a little exceeded by the cut lobes ; pedicel
of $ exserted; capsule scarcely 1"' diam., contracted in the sutures. — IIab. Turk Islands 1,
II j aim.

EUPHORBIA CE2E.

53

§ 4. Shrubs or herbs ; leaves opposite, shortly petioled, usually oblique at the
base : stipules interpeliolar, united.

t Shrubs or perennial herbs.

10S. E. articulata. Burnt. Shrubby, dichotomous, glabrous; leaves oblong -linear,
blunt, mucronulate, or oval aud oval-lanceolate, quite entire, glaucous beneath, distant :
stipules S-augular, deciduous; peduncles alar and axillary, simple, subsolitary, exceeding the
petiole, nodding ; involucre with 4 rounded glands and villous interior lobes ; capsule gla-
brous; seeds . . . — Plum. Ed. Burnt, t. 281./. 2. — E. linearis, Betz. — An arborescent shrub,
10'-18' high; larger leaves l"long; ? pedicel as long as the peduncle. — Hab. Antigua!,
Witlls; [S. Thomas, Guadeloupe!, on the seashore],

109. E. myrtifolia, L. Shrubby, glabrous or glabrate ; leaves oval or oval-roundish,
obsoletely emarginate, quite entire, or serrulate above, glaucous beneath : stipules 3-angular,
deciduous; peduncles alar and axillary, simple, solitary, very short; involucre as long as the
peduncle, few-flowered, with 4 rounded glands, and villous interior lobes ; capsule hairy ;
seeds ecarunculate, ovoid, transversely wrinkled. — 1'-2' high : branches virgate, alternate ;
leaves 6"'-4w long, oblique at the base; $ flower shortly exserted. — Hab. Jamaica!, Ah,
in the upper region of the Blue Mountains.

110. E. buxifolia, Lam. Shrubby, glabrous; leaves ovate, pointed, quite entire: sti-
pules 3-angular, laciniate on the margin ; peduncles alar and axillary, simple, crowded at the
top of the branches, exceeded by the leaves ; involucre with 5-4, rounded, glandular, peta-
loid appendages, and fimbriate interior lobes ; capsule glabrous; seeds ecarunculate, subglo-
bose, nearly smooth. — Peso. El. 6. t. 418. — E. glabrata, V., Sw.: the common form, with
approximate, subcomplicate leaves. — 1' high : branches ascending, virgate ; leaves 6W-3W
long, rounded or semicordate at the slightly oblique base. — Hab. Bahamas!, Swains.; Ja-
maica!, all collectors, on the rocky seashore; S. Vincent!, Guild.; [Bermudas !, Florida !,
Cuba!, Guadeloupe!, Honduras !, Venezuela!].

111. E. flexuosa, Klh. Suffrutescent, glabrous ; leaves oval-oblong, semicordate at
the base, rounded at the mucronulate top, obsoletely crenulate above, or quite entire : stipules
3-angular, laciniate on the margin ; peduncles alar and axillary, simple, solitary ; involucre
with 5-4 glands and fimbriate interior lobes ; capsule glabrous ; seeds ecarunculate, sub-
globose, obsoletely wrinkled. — Branches fragile, ascending, flexuous, dichotomous above, /
high; leaves 6"'-4w long, distant : petiole as long as the basilar auricula. — Hab. Trinidad !,
Pd., on. the seashore; [Venezuela],

112. E. serpens , Kth. Suffrutescent or herbaceous, prostrate, glabrous; leaves oval-
roundish, oblique at the base, rounded at the top, quite entire, or crenulate : stipules 3-an-
gular, usually laciniate on the margin ; peduncles alar and axillary, simple, solitary (“ or ter-
nate ”) ; involucre with 5-4 glands, which have usually a narrow petaloid margin ; capsule
glabrous ; seeds ecarunculate, subtetragonal, smooth. — E. centunculoides, Kth. — Allied to
E. herniarioides, Nutt., but perennial.— Palmar, csespitose ; leaves 2/'-/" long. — Hab. Ba-
hamas!, Swains.; Antigua; [Cuba!, Venezuela].

E. dioica, Kth. (E. centunculoides, Poepp. Cub.!), is a similar perennial species, but distin-
guished by larger, symmetrical, petaloid appendages, and transversely wrinkled seeds.

f f Annual weeds.

113. E. maculata, L. (var. thymifolia, L.). Annual, ccespitose, prostrate, pubescent;
leaves oblong, blunt, oblique at the base, serrulate above ; involucres clustered : peduncles as
long as the petiole ; petaloid appendages minute ; capsule hairy ; seeds ecarunculate, sharply
tetragonal , transversely rngulosc-keeled : keels about four, obtuse, aud angles entire. — Jacq.
Jffd. t. 186. — E. maculata, 5, PI. Carib. E. Burmanuiana, Gay. — Leaves 2"'-4"' long,
rhe original E. maculata, L. (a, y, PI. Carib., E. depressa, Torr.), or the United States
form, has longer (4"'-G"') leaves.— IIab. Jamaica!, Macf, to Trinidad!, Lane; [all tropical
countries ; a in the United States !].

prostrata, Ait. Annual, crespitose, glabrate or pubescent; leaves obovate
or oval-oblong, rounded at the top, oblique at the base, subserrulate above; involucres clus-
cred : peduncles as long as the petiole ; petaloid appendages minute ; capsule slightly hairy ;
seeds ecarunculate, pale, sharply tetragonal, transversely keeled : keels about si.v, argute-

54

CARY0PIIYLLE2E.

filiform : angles subcrenate. — E. maculata, 0, PI. Carib. E. callitrichoides, Klh., et tenella,
Kth. sec. Engelm. IIab. Jamaica!, Bist., March, to Trinidad!, Lockh., Or.; [Louisiana!
to Panama!, Cuba!, Canary Islands!, Nubia 1],

115. E. pilulifera, L. Annual, diffuse or erect, pubescent; leaves semiovate or ovate-
lanceolate, pointed, oblique at the base, serrate ; cymes axillary and terminal, contracted : pe-
duncles exceeding the petiole; involucre with minute, rounded glands; capsule hairy ; seeds
ecarunculate, pale, tetragonal, transversely rugulose : wrinkles about six, obtuse. — Besc. FI.
3 t. 227. — E. hirta, L. E. obliterate, Jacq., Sw. — Leaves 6”— 12'" long. — IIab. Jamaica!,
Macf, Hist., March; Antigua!, Dominica!, S. Vincent!, Guild. ; Trinidad!, Schach, Or.,
[Cuba 1 and Mexico ! to Buenos Ayres !, and all other tropical countries].

116. E. liypericifolia, L. Annual, erect or ascending ; leaves oblong or lanceolate,
oblique at the base, serrulate or repand ; cymes terminal, and the axillary ones exserted ; in-
volucre with the rounded glandular appeudages often pctaloid; capsule obtuse-angled, with
3 filiform keels ; seeds ecarunculate, blackish, obtusely tetragonal, transversely wrinkled :
wrinkles about three to four, obsolete. — SI. 1. 126. — Stem l'-3' high, at length suffrutescent;
leaves l"-2" long ; cymes loose or contracted ; petaloid margin of the appendages broad or
obsolete.

a. Glabrous ; leaves oblong or oblong-linear, blunt ; capsule glabrous.

0- hyssopif olia, L. Glabrous; leaves lanceolate, tapering towards the pointed or bluntish
top ; capsule smooth.

y. lasiocarpa, Kl. Stems villous above ; leaves oblong, blunt ; cymes contracted ; capsule
villous. — E. Berteriana, Balb., Gr. PI. Carib. — IIab. Jamaica!, all collectors, common (a, 0,y)
to Trinidad !, Lockh., Or. ( a and 0) ; [United States ! to Chili !, Australia !, Verona !, Sicily !,
Madeira !].

§ 4. Shrubs or herbs ; leaves exstipulate, inferior alternate ; involucres in a

terminal cluster.

117- E. punicea, Ait. Shrubby, glabrous; leaves lanceolate, quite entire, coriaceous;
bracts crimson, interior 2-3, ovate-roundish, much exceeding the terminal, 5-raved cluster ;
involucre with 5-6, rounded, flat glands ; seeds . . . — Sm. Ic. Piet. t. 3 ; Jacq. Ic. Far. t.
484; Besc. FI. 3. t. 194. — 15-20' high; leaves 6"-l"long; interior bracts 12"'-8", long.
— IIab. Bahamas!, Swains.; Jamaica!, Wils., in rocky mountains ; [Cuba!].

118. E. heterophylla, L. Annual (or biennial), glabrous or puberulous; leaves dif-
form, ovate, fiddle-shaped, and linear ; involucres pedicellate, with 5 incised lobes glands
cyathiform, sessile, 5-1 (or abortive) ; seeds subglobose, tubercled : caruncle very minute. —
An erect or ascending, very polymorphous herb ; leaves quite entire, or serrate-sinuate, upper
ones and bracts usually with a red blotch.

a. Leaves either all linear, entire, or most of them ovate, serrate, with the bracts linear.
— Plum. Ed. Burm. t. 251./. 3 : the latter form.

0. cyathophora, Jacq. Leaves fiddle-shaped, with two large teeth, or ovate, entire ; bracts
lanceolate. — Jacq. Ic. Far. t. 480 : a higher, suffrutescent form.

y. prunifolia, Jacq. Leaves ovate or elliptical, serrate, long-petioled, uppermost opposite;
bracts ovate-lanceolate. — Jacq. Schasnbr. t. 277. — IIab. Bahamas!, Swains.; Jamaica!,
Wils., March (a, y) ; Trinidad!, Or. (7); [Illinois! to Peru!].

§ 5. Leaves exstipulate, alternate below the umbellate inflorescence.

119*. E. Peplus, L. Annual, glabrous; leaves obovate, petioled, quite entire; umbel
3-rayed ; glands of the involucre bicornute ; capsule glabrous : cocci 2-keelcd ; seeds carun-
culate, subhexagonal : 4 dorsal facets 4i-pitted, 2 anterior channelled with a longitudinal
groove. — PIab. Naturalized in Jamaica!, March; [introduced from Europe].

XX. CARYOPIIYLLEiE.

[PortulaccEe. Ficoidete ]

Ovary unilocular, with a central placenta, or syncarpous : styles mostly several. Embryo
cxceutrical: perisperm central, mealy. — Herbs, with tumid nodes ; leaves quite entire, usu-
ally opposite.

CARYOPIIYLLEiE.

55

Mollugo bellidifolia is used, like Saponaria, as a resolvent, and Tnanihema is mentioned
among*tlic bitter drugs. Purslane ( Portulaca and Sesuvium ) is a well-known pot-herb.

Tkibe I. SllENEJE. — Calyx tubular. Petals clawed , hypogynous. — Leaves exstipulate.

1. SILENE, L.

Calyx 5-toothed. Petals 5. Stamens 1 0. Styles 3. Capsule trilocular at the base, dc-
hisccnt at the summit by 6 teeth.

1*. S. g-allica, L. Annual, hairy; leaves oblong-spathulate or lanceolate ; cymeracemi-
form : pedicels unilateral, much shorter than the calyx ; calyx 10-striate, cylindrical, villous,
at length ovoid-oblong, not umbilicate at the base ; petals small : lamina subentire ; capsule
subsessile : seeds flat on the back, granulose. — Vaill. Paris, t. 11./. 12. — S. quinquevul-
nera, L.: petals red, with the border pale. — Hab. Naturalized in the mountains of Jamaica !,
along roadsides, Macf.; [introduced from southern Europe, naturalized in most temperate
countries, and in some tropical hills].

Tribe II. ALSINE2E. — Sepals distinct, or united at the base. Petals sessile, or wanting.
Stamens usually hypogynous. — Leaves exstipulate.

2. AREN ARIA, L.

Sepals 5. Petals 5, entire or abortive. Stamens 10. Styles usually 3. Capsule-valves
twice as many as there are styles.

2. A. diffusa, Ell. Annual, decumbent, pubescent ; leaves oblong-lanceolate, mucro-
nate, attenuated at the base ; peduncles axillary, filiform ; sepals ovate-lanceolate, pointed,
equalling the capsule ; petals usually abortive ; seeds shining, very smooth. — A. nemorosa,
Kth. Stellaria elongata, Nutt. Stel. lanuginosa, T. et Gr.t Spergulastrum, Mich. — Stems
long, branched ; leaves dotted ; peduncles solitary, exceeding the leaves ; petals, if existing,
nearly as long as the calyx, white.— LIab. Jamaica !, Macf., Eancr., Wils., at 4000', common
in the south-eastern mountains ; [Carolina ! to Florida ! and New Mexico ; Andes, from
Mexico! to Peru! and Venezuela!].

3. STELLARIA, L.

Calyx 5-partite. Petals 5, bifid. Stamens 10 (-3). Styles usually 3. Capsule-valves
twice as many as there are styles.

3*. S. media, Pill. Annual; stem decumbent, with an alternate, pubescent line;
leaves ovate or subcordate, glabrous ; calyx including the corolla, exceeded by the capsule ;
stamens usually 5-3. — Hab. Naturalized in the mountains of Jamaica, Macf.; [introduced
from Europe].

4. CERASTIUM, L.

Calyx 5(4)-partite. Petals 5 (-4), bifid. Stamens 10 (—4). Styles usually 5. Cap-
sule cylindrical, dehiscent at the summit by twice as many teeth as there are styles.

4*. C. viscosum, L., Fr. Annual, pubescent ; leaves oval or oblong ; cyme contracted:
pedicels usually shorter than the calyx; bracts herbaceous; calyx-divisions hairy to the top,
equalling the corolla ; capsule nearly twice as long as the calyx : teeth straight, revolute on
the margin. C. gloineratum, Thuill. C. spathulatum, Pers., Macf. — The Jamaica form
resembles C. yulgatum, L., by the shape of the superior leaves, but the specific characters are
those of C. viscosum, to which C. spathulatum , Pcrs., has correctly been reduced in Grenier’s
monograph. IIab. Naturalized in the mountains of Jamaica !, March ; [introduced from
Europe].

Tribe III. PARC NY CIIIEJE. — Sepals distinct , or united below. Petals perigynous, or
wanting. — Leaves furnished with scarious stipules.

5. DRYMARIA, IF.

Sepals 5. Petals 5, bifid. Stamens 5-2, opposite to the calyx. Styles 3. Capsule
trivalved.— Leaves opposite.

50

CARYOPH YLLEvE.

5. ». cordata, IF. Annual, glabrous; leaves orbiculate, subcordate at the base; pedi-
eels filiform, arranged in lateral cymes ; sepals ovate-lanceolate, acuminate ; petals deeply
bifid, included ; stamens usually 3 ; capsule equalling the calyx : seeds 8-2, granulose. —
Lam. El. t. 51 : Holost.f 2.— Holosteum, L— Intermediate forms with T). diandra, Macf.
(Holosteum, Sw. /), are of common occurrence ; the original Swartzian type however may be
regarded as a special variety.

a. Leaves 4("-6w diam.; sepals glabrous (Hw long).

0. diandra. Leaves minute (2'" diam.); sepals puberulous (half the size of o); stamens
2 ; seeds less numerous.— Hab. Jamaica !, Macf., March, to Trinidad !, Sieb., Lockh., Cr.,
common ; [Cuba ! and Mexico ! to Brazil ! and Peru ! ; East Indies!].

6. CYPSELEA, Turp.

Calyx 5-partite. Petals 0. Stamens 3—1, alternate with the calyx-segments. Styles 2.
Capsule circumscissile. — Leaves opposite, and partly alternate, dotted.

Asa Giay having shown by the position of the stamens in Molluyo verticillata, where the
third one is opposite a sepal, that the character of the Portutacece, as proposed by Eeuzl,
cannot be relied upon {Gen. Bor. Amer . 2. p. 10), I consider Cypselea better placed among
the Paronycliiece, the scarious stipules of which it possesses, its habit agreeing much more
with Herniaria than with any true Portulacea.

6. C. humifusa, Turp.— Turp. in Ann. Mus. 7. t. 12./. 5.— A [small, annual, decum-
bent, branched, glabrous herb ; leaves oval, petioled, l-J-'"-2"' long : stipules iaciniate ; flowers
small, greenish, axillary among the leaves of reduced branches. — IIab. Caribbean Islands, in
dry swamps; [Haiti to Guadeloupe!].

Tribe IV. MOLL UGINEJE. — Sepals united below. Petals ^usually wanting. Capsule
plurilocular. — Leaves rosulate : stipules fugacious or obsolete.

7. MOLLUGO, L.

Calyx 5-partite, coloured inside. Petals 0. Stamens 5-3 (-10), hypogynous. Styles 3.
Capsule triloeular, loculicidal, trivalved, many-seeded.

7. M. verticillata, L. Annual, glabrous, branched; leaves spathulate or oblanceolate-
linear, rosular at each node; pedicels 1-flowered, umbellate; stamens 3; seeds smooth,
3-5-costate. — Gray, Gen. Bor. Amer. t. 101— IIab. Jamaica!, in barren situations;
[United States! to Brazil!, and Galapagos Islands!].

8. M. nudicaulis, Lam. Annual, glabrous, leafless above the base ; leaves spathulate-
oblong, rosular at the lowest node ; flowers arranged in corymbiform panifcles : pedicels

Aliform; stamens 5; seeds minutely granulose. — SI. t. 129./. 2; Desc. FI. 5. t. 317. -M.

bellidi folia, Ser. Pharnaceum spathulatum, Sw. — Hab. Jamaica, in dry^situatious Sw. ;
S. Lucia ! ; [Cuba ! to Guiana !, Nubia !, East Indies !].

Tribe V. P ORTULA CE/E. — Sepals 2, distinct, or combined at the base. — Leaves somewhat

fleshy, devoid of scarious stipules.

8. TALINUM, Ad.

Sepals 2, distinct. Petals 5, hypogynous, delicate. Stamens 10-30, hypogynous. Style
trifid. Capsule unilocular, trivalved, many-seeded.

9- triangular e, IF. Sufiruticose ; leaves alternate, obovatc-lanceolate, tapering
towards the subsessile base ; flowers red (or white), arranged in terminal, corymbiferous
cymes: pedicels triquetrous; stigmas divergent. — .Jacq. Amer. Piet. t. 135: the flowers
yellow by some mistake. Jacq. Obs. 1. t. 23. Jacq. Vindob. 3. t. 52 : a branched form.
— Portulaca, Jacq. P. crassicaulis, Jacq. Tal. crassifolium, JF. T. fruticosum, IF. — A
succulent half-shrub ; stem about 2' high, either simple and terminated with a few-flowered
cyme (the original T. triangular e ), or branched and higher {T. crassifolium ) : the leaves
usually broader in the branched form, often cmarginnte and mucronate ; sepals somewhat
persistent, ovate or ovate-lanceolate, half the leugth of the corolla ; petals large, rounded (6"'
diam.); stamens about 30; seeds minutely granulose. — Hab. Jamaica!, List., on dry, sandy
seashores; [Guadeloupe!, Brazil!, Peru!].

CARY0PIIYLLE2E.

57

10. T. patens, Jfr. Suffruticosc, erect; leaves mostly opposite, oval, abruptly tapering
towards the petioliform base ; panicle terminal, elongated, leafless, bearing dichotomous
cgmes: pedicels filiform ; flowers carmine; stigmas divergent. Jacq. -Anier. Piet. 1. 136.—
Portulaca, Jacq. P. pauiculata, Jacq. Tal. truticosum, Macf. ( non TP.). Stem almost
simple, l'-2' high, leafy to the middle, where the panicle begins ; sepals deciduous, roundish,
apiculate ; petals small, ohovate (3"' long); stamens about 15-20; seeds very minutely gra-
nulose. — II a b. Jamaica 1, Hist., March, on seaside rocks; [Cuba! and Mexico! to Buenos
Ayres !, along the coast].

9. PORTULACA, T.

Calyx 2-partite : tube adnate ; limb deciduous. Petals 4-6, hemiepigynous, delicate.
Stamens 8-20, hemiepigynous. Style 3-8-partitc. Capsule unilocular, circumscissile, many-
scedcd. — Uppermost leaves usually rosulate around the terminal flowers.

11. P. oleracea, L. Annual ; leaves spathulate, rounded at the top, usually opposite:
axils glabrous ; flowers sessile, clustered or solitary ; calyx-divisions keeled ; petals yellow,
emarginate; stamens 12-7; style 5 -partite ; seeds minutely granulose. — Gray, Gen. Bor.
Amer. 1. t. 99. — The common form grows together in Jamaica with: —

j8. parvifiora, Haw. Leaves minute (2"'-4'" long) : axils often shortly pilose.— This form,
however, is not peculiar to the West Indies. 1 have observed the same in several localities
in southern Europe, and I possess it also from Central America.

Hab. Jamaica {Macf.) ; Barbadoes {Mayc.) ; [all tropical continents, and both temperate
zones of the globe].

12. P. pilosa, L. Annual, suffrutescent; branches undivided; leaves sub cylindrical,
acuminate, alternate : axils woolly ; flower-clusters encircled by wool; calyx-divisions linear-
oblong, not keeled ; petals purple, emarginate ; stamens indefinite ; style 5-6-partite ; seeds
minutely granulose. — Bot. Beg. t. 792. — Hab. Jamaica, {Macf.)-, S. Vincent!, Guild.,
in sandy, waste situations ; [Texas ! and New Mexico ! to Peru ! and Brazil !].

13. P. halimoides, L. Annual, suffrutescent, diffuse; branches numerous, fastigiate;
leaves short, subcylindrical, acuminate, alternate : axils hairy ; flower-clusters encircled by
a dense tuft of wool, and involucred ; calyx-divisions ovate-lanceolate, not keeled ; petals
yellow, emarginate; stamens about 20; style 3-5-partite; seeds granulose. — SI. t. 129./'. 3.
— This approaches the preceding, but is easily distinguished by its peculiar ramification, and
by the shorter leaves (2m— 3,H long). — Hab. Jamaica, {Macf.)-, [Desirade!, Guadeloupe!].

Tribe VI. FICOI])E/E. — Ovary syncarpous ( or reduced to a single carpel by abortion ).

Stamens perigynous or epigynous. — Leaves as in Vortulacece.

10. SESUVIUM, L.

Calyx 5-partite, coloured inside, persistent. Petals 0. Stamens indefinite (-5), perigy-
nous. Styles 3-5 (-6). Capsule 3-5-locular, circumscissile, many-seeded.- — Leaves oppo-
site, succulent ; flowers axillary and terminal.

14. S. portulacastrum, L. Perennial ; leaves lanceolate or lanceolate-oblong, flat,
tapering towards the sheathing base ; flowers pedicellate ; styles 3-4. — Jacq. Amer. Piet,
t. 142. — My diagnosis is taken from the Caribbean plant, which agrees with Jacquin’s
figure : in it the calyx is white inside, while, according to Sloane and Macfadyen, in the Ja-
maica plant the flowers are purple. There are three species in Richard’s ‘ Flora Cnben-
sis,’ distinguished from each other chiefly by the shape of the leaves, the flowers being sessile
or pedicellate, aud the number of styles : Wight and Arnott, however, reduce all supposed
species of the genus to the variable S. portulacastrum of Linnicus. — Hab. Jamaica {Macf),
and Caribbean Islands !, common on the sandy seashore ; [New Mexico 1 and Florida! to
Patagonia! ; all tropical continents].

11. TRIANTHEMA, L.

Calyx 5-partitc, coloured inside : divisions mucronate below the top. Petals 0. Stamens

10-5 (-20), perigynous. Styles 2-1. Capsule bilocular, with a spurious, placcntary dis-
sepiment, or unilocular (if monocarpellary), circumscissile near the base and below the upper

seeds : the persistent base membranaceous ; the lid hardened and closed incompletely at

58

PIIYTOLACCEjE.

its base by a spurious transverse dissepiment. Placentas parietal : seeds several. — Leaves
opposite , with the petiole enlarged into a sheath : the pair often unequal; flowers axillary,
usually clustered.

The affinity of this genus with Sesuvium is obvious, though the structure of the ovary, as
understood, by Wight and Arnott {Prodr. 1. p. 354), differs widely in its placentation,
which is. similar in the bicarpellary species to that of Cruciferce ; these views, which had
not been generally adopted by subsequent authors, have since been confirmed by Payer’s
beautiful analysis of T. monogynum {Ann. Sc. Nat. iii. 18. t. 12), where the single placenta
is shown to be originally parietal, and the longitudinal dissepiment does uot exist.

15. T. monogynum, L. Perennial, glabrous ; leaves roundish-obovate : the pair of
unequal size ; flowers subsolitary , sessile, half-concealed within the broad sheath : lid of the
capsule prominent ; stamens 6—10, 5 exterior alternate with the calyx ; ovary monocarpellary ,
with a single style; capsule 6— 8-seeded : lid concave at the top, with some bluntish teeth on
the margin, 1 (-2) -seeded, nearly closed at the base; seeds covered with lamellar lines. —
Besc.Fl. 1. t. 51. — Stem 2'-3' long, decumbent, branched; calyx purple inside. — Hab.
Jamaica {SI.) ; Trinidad!, Or. ; [New Mexico I and Cuba to New Granada! and Venezuela!,
Galapagos Islands !].

XXI. PHYTOLACCEiE.

Carpels campylotropous, either connate at the base, or solitary : styles distinct, usually
introrse, or none ; ovule mostly solitary. Embryo excentrical : perisperm central, mealy, or
wanting. — Leaves alternate , entire.

An acrid, drastic principle is general in this Order ; Phytolacca and Petiveria therefore
are Colonial drugs. The berries of Phytolacca octandra are used for washing, like soap.

1. SURIANA, L.

Calyx 5-partite. Petals 5, nearly perigynous. Stamens 10, of which five are usually
abortive. Carpels 5, distinct above the styliferous base, at length nucamentaceous : ovules
2, collateral, erect. Embryo incurved, exalbuminous. — A pubescent shrub ; leaves exstipidate.

crowded ; racemes feio-flowered, terminal.

This genus has been placed in different Orders, the structure of the pistil pointing either
to Rutacece or to Phytolacceee ; but though the central albumen is wanting (as in Segitiera),
I believe it to belong to the latter group, in which, together with Stegnosperma, it would
exhibit the highest-developed flower.

1. S. maritima, L. — SI. t. 162./. 4; Lam III. t. 389.— A shrub, 3'-6' high; leaves
spathulate-lanceolate, tapering towards the sessile base, tbicldsh, covered with a short down,
l"long; petals yellow, equalling the calyx. — Hab. Jamaica!, M‘Nab, Al., March; Turk
Islands!, Hjalmars.; Bahamas! and Caribbean Islands!, on the seashore; [tropical coasts
of the globe, e.g. Pacific Islands!, Northern Australia!, Mauritius!].

2. PHYTOLACCA, L.

Calyx 5-partite. Petals 0. Stamens indefinite -5, nearly perigynous: Carpels 12-5,

connate, at length baccate. Embryo annular, encircling the perisperm. — Herbs ; leaves ex-
stipulate ; racemes terminal and lateral.

2. P. octandra, L. Stem sulcate; racemes spiciform, erect : pedicels shorter than the
flower; stamens 8 ; carpids 8-10 : back convex, prominent. — Lose. FI. 5. t. 312: with 10
stamens. — P. decaudra, Besc. {non L.). — An erect, perennial herb ; leaves elliptical or ellip-
tical-lanceolate, pointed ; calyx yelloivish-white ; berry nearly black. — IIab. Jamaica !, Pel.,
March, common in moist, fertile places, and Caribbean Islands ; [Mexico ! to Peru 1 and
Montevideo !].

3. P. icosandra, L. Stem striate; racemes exceeding the leaves, slender, drooping at
the top : pedicels much longer than the flower ; stamens 20-10 ; carpids 20-10 : back con-
vex, slightly prominent. — Bot. Mag. t. 2633. — Suffrutescent ; leaves ovate or ovalc-lnuceo-
late, shortly acuminate; calyx reddish-white; berry black. — IIab. Jamaica!, Dist. ; Baha-
mas!, Swains.; Dominical, Imr. ; Trinidad!, Cr. ; [Mexico! to Peru! and Brazil!].

CIIENOPODE/E.

59

3. MICROTEA, Sw.

Calyx 5-partite. Petals 0. Stamens 5 (-8), nearly hypogynous, alternating with the
calyx. Ovary unilocular: ovule single, basilar; styles 2 (-5). Achenium scrobiculate, mu-
ricate. Embryo annular, encircling the perisperm. — Annual herbs; leaves e. r stipulate ; ra-
cemes or spikes lateral ; flowers small, tribracteate.

4. M. debilis, Sto. Flowers racemose: pedicels as long as the flower; inferior bract
subulate; calyx-segments ovate, exceeded twice or more by the achenium. — Lam. III. 1. 182;
Sw. FI. t. 10 : ana/yl. — A delicate, diffuse herb, l'-l/ high; leaves ovate, tapering towards
the petiole ; calyx -5"'—}"' long, greenisli-w'hite. — PIab. S. Kitts, Dominica !, Imr. ; S. Vin-
cent !, Guild.; Trinidad !, Lockh., Cr.; [Panama! to Peru!, equatorial Brazil ! and Guiana!].

4. RIVINA, L.

Calyx 4-partite. Petals 0. Stamens 4-12, nearly hypogynous. Carpal solitary : ovule
siugle, basilar ; style short, oblique, or none. Achenium somewhat baccate, or dry. Embryo
annular, encircling the perisperm. — Shrubs ; leaves stipulate ; racemes terminal and lateral.

Sect. 1. Pierce a. — Stamens 4, alternate with the calyx: anthers ovate, introrse. Style
with a capitate stigma. — Pedicels with a deciduous bract at the base.

5. R. lsevis, I. Erect; leaves ovate, pointed; calyx-divisions oblong or obovate, blunt,
oppressed to the fruit. Bot. Mag. t. 2333. — A shrub, 6'- 8' high, with herbaceous, delicate
branches ; flowers small, reddish- white ; berry globose, red, at length dry. — Tinmens distin-
guishes two species, which are mere varieties :
a. Glabrous.

pubescens. Branches and leaves pubescent. — R. humilis, L. R. purpurascens, Schrad.

Jamaica!, Hist., Alex., March (o) ; Caribbean Islands ! ; Trinidad!, Schach, CrAfl) ;
[Florida !, Texas !, Cuba ! to Brazil !, Mexico ! to Ecuador !].

Sect. 2. Yillamilla.— -Stamens 8-12 : stamens sagittate, extrorse. Stigma sessile,
penicillate. — Pedicels with a bract above the base.

6. R. octandra, L. Subscandeut; leaves elliptical or elliptical-lanceolate, pointleted,
glabrous; calyx-divisions ovate, rounded, at length reflexed : veins reticulated. — Br. Jam t
23./. 2.— Trichostigma rivinoides, Rich. Cub.—k. trailing shrub, 15'-20' hWi; racemes
lax usually exceeding the leaves ; flowers larger than in the preceding, whitish] berry pur-
plish-black.—PIab. Jamaica \, Pd., Alex., March ; S. Vincent I, Guild. ; [Cuba! to Vene-
zuela !, New Granada !, Peru !].

5. PETIVERIA, L.

Calyx 4-partite. Petals 0. Stamens 4-6-8, nearly perigynous : anthers sagittate. Car-
sohtary : ovule single, basilar ; stigma sessile, penicillate, lateral. Achenium terminated
with 2-4 bristles. Embryo straight : albumen obsolete, lateral.— Suffrutescent herbs • leaves
stipulate; spikes terminal, interrupted, elongated ; flowers tribracteate.

7. P- aUiacea, L. Leaves elliptical or oblong, pointed ; spikes slender; stamens 6-8;
fruit with 2 bristles. Jacq. Amer. Piet. t. 104 ; JJesc. FI. 5. t. 374.— Stem 2'-3' hitrh •
eaves glabrous ; spikes often 8''-12'' long : axis pubcrulous ; calyx whitish, 2"' long : divisions
hnear, blunt. The whole plant lias an alliaceous smell.— Hab. Jamaica !, Alex ; S. Kitts !

icoVto Rio'Sde do“sul!] 'lll j [S°Uthcni Unitcd StatC8> Cuba!> aud

XXII. CHENOPODEiE.

[Bascllaceic. Batidcee.]

F/oiem apetaious. Stamens nearly perigynous, opposite to the herbaceous calyx. Ovary
v uni ocii ,ir . ovule single, basilar ; styles usually 2 (-3-5). Embryo cxccutrical : peri-
sperm ccntial, mealy, rarely wanting.— Leaves simple, exstipulate.

60

CIIENOPODE7E.

The sap contains a certain quantity oi alkaline salts, and a saline soil therefore is often prc
ferred by the plants of this Order. Soda may be prepared from several European and Asiatic
species, and in the West Indies a similar use is made of Bads, which seems to be an impor-
tant argument for the affinity of this anomalous genus. The resolvent principle of some
Chenopodem exists in Basella, and the volatile oil contained in the West Indian species of
Chenopodium has anthelmintic properties (worm-seed oil).

1. CHENOPODIUM, A.

Calyx 5 (-3) -partite, ebracteolate, persistent: segments usually keeled. Pericarp utricular :
seed usually lateral, with a crustaceous testa ; embryo annular. — Weedy herbs ; flower-clusters
usually in terminal and axillary spikes.

Sect. 1. Ambrina. — Embryo incompletely annular.

1. C. ambrosioides, L. Annual, branched; leaves glandular, lanceolate-oblong or
spathulate, sinuate-toothed, upper ones entire ; spikes paniculate, leafy ; calyx apprcssed to
the fruit, not keeled; seed rounded, smooth, shining. — Desc. Ft. 1. t. 57. — A slight variety
is C. spathulatuni, Sieb. {Mart. 92), with the leaves smaller, all spathulate. The seed is
sometimes vertical in both forms. — Hab. Jamaica!, Mac/., Bancr., March; Antigua!,
Nichols.; S. Vincent!, Guild.; [California! to Montevideo! and Chili!, naturalized in all
the warmer parts of the globe] .

2. C. anthelminticum, L. Perennial ; leaves glandular beneath, lanceolate-oblong
or elliptical-oblong, inferior sinuate; spikes paniculate, leafless; calyx appressed to the
fruit, not keeled; seeds rounded, smooth, shining. — Desc. FI. 1. t. 58: the names in this
and the preceding plate are transposed.— Very similar to the preceding ; styles often 3. —
Hab. Caribbean Islands ! ; [United States ! to South America !],

Sect. 2. Chenopodiastrum. — Embryo completely annular. — Leaves eglandular,

often mealy.

3*. C. murale, L. Annual ; leaves deltoid-ovate, sharply unequally toothed ; spikes
axillary and terminal, spreading ; calyx scarcely heeled, not completely enclosing the fruit ;
seed sharply edged, opaque. — Hab. Naturalized in Antigua!, Wullschl.; [a European weed,
introduced in most parts of the globe]. — C. album, L., is also a naturalized plant of the
West Indies.

2. ACNIDA, L.

Flowers dicecious, ebracteolate. Calyx membranaceous, $ 5-partite, £ 3-partite ; styles
3-5. Pericarp utricular : seed basilar, with a crustaceous testa; embryo annular. — Tall,
glabrous, annual herbs; flower-clusters in terminal and axillary spikes ; lateral flowers
abortive.

4. A. cannabina, L. Leaves lanceolate, acuminate, long-petioled ; pericarp acute-
angled, glabrous. — Gcertn. Fruct. t. 1 1 G.f 3 : analyt.- — A. cuspidate, Eerier. — Stem G'-IO'
high ; middle leaves usually 6"-8" long, penninerved ; panicles lax, drooping at the top,
formed of interrupted spikes. — Hab. Jamaica {Berter) ; Trinidad !, Or., in mangrove
swamps; [United States].

3. ANREDERA, Juss.

Calyx 5-partite, enclosed within two winged persistent bracts. Style 3-partite. Pericarp
utricular, leathery, compressed : seed basilar, with a membranaceous testa; embryo anuular.
— A trailing, annual herb; leaves ovate-oblong, acuminate, pelioled ; racemes spiciform,
axillary and terminal, exceeding the leaves.

5. A. scandens, Moq. — SI. t. 90. f. 1. — Polygonum, L. A. spicata, Pers. Basella
vesicaria, Lam. — Hab. Jamaica {SI.) ; [Cuba and Mexico to Peru].

4. SALICORNIA, L.

Flowers amentaceous, sunk in excavations of the axis. Calyx utricular. Stamens 1-2.
— Stem jointed, succulent, leafless ; flowers usually ternate.

6. S. ambigua, Mich. SuflVulcsccnt, procumbent ; branches ascending, blunt ; joints

AMARA NTACEjE.

61

tapering at the base, dilated at the truncate top , the teeth of which are minute, blunt, or
obsolete. — S. peruviana, Kth. — Hab. Turk Islands !, Hjalm. ; [seashores from the United
States to Peru].

5. BATIS, L.

Flowers dioecious, amentaceous, naked. $ : Stamens 4, alternating with as many mem-
branaceous scales, enclosed in a bifid, delicate involucre, and inserted upon the base of an
orbicular bract. $ : Flowers semi-immersed in the fleshy axis, exinvolucrate, supported by
a single bract. Ovary 4-celled, crowned by a bilobed stigma : ovule in each cell single,
basilar, anatropous. Syncarpium baccate : endoearp coriaceous ; testa membranaceous ;
embryo arcuate, exalbuminous. — Shrubby halophytes ; leaves opposite, fleshy ; aments com-
pact, oblong -cylindrical, axillary and terminal.

The combination of this genus with Chenopodece was proposed by Kunth at a time when
very little of its structure was known, but now, since Torrey has lately given a complete
analysis of it, the difficulty is apparently increased. The chief points of anomaly in this
Order may however be lessened by the following considerations

1. Torrey adopts in Batis a complete flower, interpreting the involucre as a calyx, and
the scales as a tetrapetalous corolla : thus the stamens would alternate with the petals. But
this anomaly disappears if we compare the scales, which in our specimens are smaller than
in Torrey’s figure and exceedingly delicate, with the staminodia in other Chenopodece; and
the bifid involucre with the analogous organ in the female flower of Atriplex.

2. In the female amentum of Batis, the structure of which I know only from Torrey's
analysis, the flowers are united to the middle and with the basilar bracts of the system; each
flower, supported by a bract analogous to that of the male one, is reduced to a single pistil,
which may be considered as a 4-celled ovary, terminated with a bilobed stigma. According
to this view, each ovary-cell would contain a single basilar ovule, and this is a kind of pla-
centation, of which analogies in allied plants are completely wanting, while the structure of
such a cell might be compared with that of the entire ovary of Chenopodece. Now the pistil
in this family is a reduced one, the tw'o styles showiug its compound nature, and that of
Batis therefore may be considered as showing its full development. The strength of this
aigument is increased by the similar habit of Salicorniece, their flowers immersed in the axis
(though not adherent), the fleshy parts, the coriaceous endoearp, and the membranaceous
testa.

3. The exalbuminous embryo of other Chenopodece is usually combined with cochleate

cotyledons, while in Batis the embryo is only slightly arcuate ; but the fleshy, large cotyle-
dons, with a short conical and inferior radicle, are adapted to the asymmetrical form of the
seed, thus indicating an eccentrical development ; and such a structure might be compared
with the reduction of the common annular embryo in Caryophyllece to a straight lateral one
in Dianthus. °

7. B. maritima, L. Leaves oblong-linear or linear, flat above, convex beneath.— Jacq.
Amer. Fict t. 24S : the fruit-bearing plant (copied in Desc. FI. 7. t. 496) ; Ton; in Smith-
son. Lontnbut 6. t. 11.— A diffuse shrub, with the young branches upright, 3 '-4' high;
leaves about 1 long, exceeding the aments; aments paniculate.— Hab. Jamaica !, March
common in the salt-marshes of the south side of the island ; Turk Islands !, Hjalm. ; Carib-
bean Islands; [Florida, Venezuela].

XXIII. AMABANTACEiE.

is Sr,!?0"8 (2) -3 -bracteolate. Stamens hypogynous, opposite to the calyx, which
usually scarious. Ovary unilocular : placcntation basilar. Embryo excentrical : perisperm
central, mealy. — Leaves exshpulate, usually quite entire. 1

Some species are used in Colonial medicine, being slightly emollient, resolvent drags: thus
in Jamaica Iresinecelosioides (Juba’s-bush) is used as a stomachic by the Negroes (JPd.).

charnar^raafirgTent+nf ^'S 9rd?F 1 recur chicfly to R- Brown’s generic characters. The
as Fmllh.u a Cn ,n ' IT staminodia (or, rather, lateral teeth of the filaments), if employed,
natural aL^iT1 °(lluri- 1 andon did, for the discrimination of the genera, destroy those
sufficiently obviop3 ° 8Pccie8’ W llc^1 *rom their habit, and especially their inflorescence, are

62

AMARANTACEAS.

'I liiB e I. CEL0S1E2E. Stamens united at the base : anthers 2~locular.

1. CELOSIA, L.

Sepals 5. Stamens 5 : basilar cupule short, toothless. Ovary many-ovulatc. Pericarp
cireumscissile. Leaves alternate ; ilowers spicale, with the persistent bracts coloured.

Sect. 1. Eucelosia. Style filiform. : stigmas 2—3, minute. Capsule included within
the calyx. — Spike compact, simple.

1. C. argentea, L. Annual, glabrous ; leaves usually lanceolate, acuminate ; spike
long-peduncled , terminal, oblong-cylindrical, taperiug at the top ; sepals much exceeding the
bracts; capsule ellipsoidal, pointed.— Desc. Ft. 4. t. 254.— C. paniculata, Be.sc. ( non L.). —
Stem about 1' high ; spike silvery, l"-3" long: flowers large, 4"' long.— IIab. Jamaica!,
Bist., Alex., and Caribbean Islands; [East Indies !, China!, tropical Africa! ; east coast of
tropical America].

Sect. 2. Lestibudesia. — Style tripartite or trifid, or its divisions 2-4. — Spikes
slender, usually interrupted.

2. C. nitida, Vahl. Shrubby, glabrous; leaves ovate, acuminate, tapering at the base;
spikes short, lax, axillary and terminal, subsessile ; sepals much exceeding the bracts; style
tripartite; capsule ellipsoidal, enclosed within the calyx. — SI. t. 91./. 1. — C. paniculata, IF.,
Moq. (non L.).— A virgate shrub, 2'-3' high; leaves petioled ; flowers yellowish-white, 2"'
long. — 11 ab. Jamaica (SI.); Antigua!, Nichols.; [Cuba! to Guadeloupe!; Texas!, Cali-
fornia!, Mexico !, Ecuador!].

2. CIIAMISSOA, Ktli.

Sepals 5. Stamens 5 : basilar cupule short, toothless. Ovary uniovulate. Pericarp cir-
cumscissile : seed arillate. — Leaves alternate ; flowers clustered, with the persistent bracts
coloured.

3. C. altissima, Kth. Shrubby, seandent, glabrescent ; leaves ovate, acuminate, up-
permost ovate-lanceolate ; spikes terminal and axillary, slender, simply divided ; sepals twice
as long as the inferior bract; style filiform, bifid; capsule ovate-oblong, rounded at the top,
twice as long as the calyx; arillus membranaceous, including the seed. — SI. t. 91 .f 2; Kth.
Nov. Gen. 2. t. 125. — Aehyranthes, Jacq. Celosia paniculata, L., Sp. Ed. 2. — A shrub with
herbaceous branches, seandent among trees, sometimes 20' high; leaves petioled ; flowers
greenish-white, 1^'" long: sepals and bracts keeled. — IIab. Jamaica!, Bist., Al., March;
Trinidad!, Schach, Cr.; [Cuba and Mexico to New Granada! and Brazil!].

3. ACHYRANTIIES, L.

Sepals 5 (-4). Stamens 5 (-4), alternating with the appendages of the basilar cupule.
Ovary uniovulate : style simple, with the stigma capitate. Pericarp utricular. — Leaves oppo-
site ; Ilowers subsessile, usually arranged in elongated simple spikes, and at length reflexed,
cartilaginous : bracts mostly with a spinescent midrib and a membranaceous margin.

4. A. aspera, L. Suffrutescent, downy or glabrescent ; leaves ovate or rounded ; spikes
elongated : flowers at length distant, reflexed and appressed to the downy axis ; sepals 5, cou-
nivent, glabrous, exceeding the spreading, spinescent bracts. — Sibt. Ft. Grccc. t. 244. — A
suffrutescent, but perhaps annual her!), very variable in the branches more or less tetragonal,
the down, the shape of the leaves, the proportion of the calyx and bracts, and the length of the
bract-awns; leaves petioled; spikes 3"— 12" long; flowers greeuish. The varieties, as distin-
guished by Linmcus, are well characterized in their usual extreme forms : but the greater
height, the woody texture, and the stricture of the nodes peculiar to tropical specimens may
be regarded as the climatic effect of a longer period of vegetation.

a. argentea, Lam. Leaves ovate, acuminate'. — A. aspera, a, L. ; A. aspera, var., Gr. PI.
Carib.

0. obtusifolia, Lam. Leaves obovate-subrotund, mucronulate. — A. aspera, 0, L. A. as-
pera, Moq. — This is the common West Indian form, but there is no coustant difference in
the bracts or flowers, and intermediate specimens join it with a : Sieb. PI. Mixt. n. 412.

AMARANTACEyE.

63

Hab. Jamaica!, March, Wils.; S. Vincent!, Guild. ; Trinidad !, Cr. ; [Nubia!, Niger!;
East Indies ! ; Mexico !, Ecuador !; Canary Islands !, Algeria !, Spain !, Sicily !; Cape of Good
Hope!]. '

4. CYATHULA, Lour.

Flowers clustered, central fertile, encircled by (2-) 4 or more abortive ones, which are
partly reduced to glochides. Fertile flower like that of Acliyranthes. — Leaves opposite ;
Hower-clusters arranged jisnally in elongated spikes.

5. C. prostrata, Bl. Perennial, sufirutescent, downy or glabrescent; leaves ovate,
pointed; spikes axillary and terminal, often ternate : flower-clusters at length recurved ; sepals
hairy, trinerved, twice as long as the bracts ; glochides 3-20, at length exceeding the flower,
yellow’ish. — Wight, Ic. t. 733. — C. achyranthoides, Moq. Achyranthes, L. Desmocheeta,
DC. Pupalia, 11. Br. — Habit of the preceding : leaves tapering at the base into a short pe-
tiole ; flowers pale, l"'-2"' long.— The characters of C. achyranthoides, Moq., are of no
value, and not even sufficient for distinguishing a special variety, Bentham having proved
that in the same spike the sterile flowers occur in different degrees of abortion (Niger El. p.
493) ; the variable number of glochides is a mere consequence of this fact ; the length of the
same organs (which Moquin in C. prostrata states as equalling, and in C. achyranthoides as
exceeding, the calyx) depends upon their state of development ; and the lateral bracts of the
fertile flower are often in the same specimen either acuminate or terminated with a spinescent
and sometimes uncinate midrib. — Hab. Jamaica!, Al., March ; S. Vincent!, Guild. ; Tri-
nidad!, Schach, Cr.; [Guiana!, Brazil!, New Granada!; Pacific Islands!; East Indies!; tro-
pical Africa, and Canary Islands].

Tribe II. G OMP JlllENEAl. — Stamens monadelphous : anthers unilocular.

Ovary unilocular. — Leaves opposite.

5. FRCELICHIA, Mali.

Calyx 5 -dentate: tube cylindrical, externally woolly, at length cristate with 5 (-2) longi-
tudinal crests. Stamens 5, wholly connate : tube elongated, 5-dentate ; anthers oblong, ses-
sile between its protruding teeth. Stigma capitate (or penieillate). Pericarp utricular.— An-
nual, downy herbs ; superior internodes elongated; leaves subsessile ; flowers arranged in
short compound spikes, of which the lower ones are distant ; bracts glabrous, coloured.

6. P. interrupta, Moq. ! Leaves elliptical or lanceolate, villous beneath; spikes ovate

or ovate-oblong, tapering at the top, lateral ones sessile ; calyx exceeding the bracts : crests
5, dentate, covered with wool ; style distinct : stigma capitate.— Law. III. t. 180. /. 2 ; and
L’Her. Siirp. t. 3 : the broad-leaved form ; Jacq. Ic. Bar. t. 51 and Hook. Ic. t 256 ’• the
narrow-leaved form.— Gomphrena, I. : the former ; T. floridana, Moq. : the latter Both
forms occur in Jamaica, and are not to be distinguished.— Stem l'-3' high ; upper internodes
much exceeding the leaves; inflorescence terminal, constituted of a larger terminal, and
several pairs of opposite lateral spikes ; flowers purple, but enveloped within the silkv eotton-
like wool of the calyx.— Hab. Al., March, in the dry, sandy fields of the south, e.q. near
Kingston; [Mexico !, Texas !, Florida !]. y

6. GOMPHRENA, L., It. Br.

(Gomphrena, sect. Wadapus, Moq.)

Sepals 5. Stamens 5 wholly connate : anthers oblong, alternating with and inserted be-
tween the protruding bipartite teeth, which terminate the elongated tube. Stiqmas 2

enveloped ^'^/utncular-— rlowers cal>ila-te, forming usually globose heads, at length

,i;X'uG' L- ^nnua!> erect; leaves lanceolate-oblong; flower-heads globose,

.,1* ^ ■ °uS a i 16 3ase> usually solitary ; lateral bracts keeled with a serrate wing, exceeding
flnwpr°°t^ sePa^s uninerved.— Lesc. FI. 5. 1. 320. — A pubescent but green herb;

the East Tndi usually purple. Hab. Naturalized in Jamaica (Br.) ; [introduced from

64

AMARANTACE2E.

7. MOGIPHANES, Mart.

(Tclanthera, sect. Mogiphanes et Brandesia, Moq.)

Sepals 5, separated Irani the bracts by a short internode. Stamens 5, connate: tube
campanulate ; anthers oblong; filaments alternating with the protruding simple teeth of the
tube. Stigma capitate. P ericarp utricular. — Flower-heads usually solitary, stalked, without
enveloping wool.

8. M. Jacquini, Schrad. Perennial, downy or glabrescent; leaves ovate or ovate-
lanceolate, pointed ; flower-heads long-stalked, globose, at length depressed, white, leafless ;
lateral bracts exceeding a little the calyx, keeled with a crest ; sepals villous towards the
base, tricostate, acuminate. — Jac. Ic. Rar. t. 346. — Gomphrena brasilieusis, Jacq. ( non Lam.).
Telanthera dentata, Moq. ( parlim ). — A high, suffrutescent herb: branches spreading, usually
terminated with 1-3 peduncles ; flower-heads snow-white, 4i'rr—6,lr diam., internode below
the flower f" long; calyx IP" long. — Hab. Dominical, Imr.; S. Vincent, Guild.; Tri-
nidad ( Sieb .) ; [Guiana!, Brazil!].

9. OT . straminea, Mart. Perennial, downy or glabrescent ; leaves ovate or lanceolate,

pointed ■, flower-heads long-stalked, globose, at length ovoid-oblong, straw-coloured, leafless;
lateral bracts half the length of the calyx, or even shorter, subulate ; sepals villous on the
back, trieostate, acuminate. — Mart. Nov. Gen. 2. t. 135 et t. 131. — M. multicaulis, Mart.
Telanthera brasiliana, Moq.! ( exclus . synon .). T. multicaulis, Moq.! — Nearly allied to
the preceding, but easily distinguished by the colour of the flower-heads, and the exserted
calyx : very variable in the shape of the leaves ; flower-heads, when flowering, 4"'-5'" diam.,
at length long; calyx 2"' long, supported by an internode, which is not longer than

in the preceding.— PIab. S. Vincent!, Guild.; Trinidad! , Loclch., Cr., on dry ground;
[Mexico 1, Brazil !, as far south as S. Katherine !].

8. IRESINE, L.

(Iresine, sect. Rosea et Ircsinastrum, Moq. Alternanthera, sect. Trommsdorffia, et
Gomphrena, sect. Serturnera et Iiebanthe, Moq.)

Flowers polygamous or dioecious. Sepals 5, in the female flower encircled by, and at length
enveloped within wool. Stamens 5 : basilar cupule usually toothless ; anthers elliptical.
Stigmas 2 (-3), subsessile (sometimes eoaduuate in a young state). Pericarp utricular, at
length irregularly bursting. — Flowers small, membranaceous, capitate or spicate : clusters
arranged in very branched panicles ; bracts membranaceous, usually concave.

10. I. celosioides, L.,Moq.! Annual, suffrutescent or herbaceous, trailing; leaves
ovate, pointed, petioled ; flowers dioecious, spicate : spikes sessile, whitish, arranged in com-
pound, leafless panicles ; lateral bracts not keeled, concave, exceeded by the calyx ; sepal-
nerves 3 (or inconspicuous), evanescent below the top ; stigmas 2, linear, divergent. — SI. t.
90. f. 2 ; Mart. Nov. Gen. t. 153, 154. — I. diffusa, Humb. et Bonpl., Moq.! I. polymorpha.
Mart. I. eriophylla, Moq., etc. — Stem slender, about 2'-4' high ; flowers !/" long : wool of
the rachis V"-2'" long. — This is one of the most variable plants, comprehending perhaps all
species of Moquin’s Iresinastrum, though the West Iudiau forms cannot even be divided
into separate varieties. The amount of variability regards chiefly the following particulars :
— Stem weak and scandent, or woody below, glabrescent or glabrous; leaves tapering at the
base, or subcordate, all ovate, or the superior ovate-lanceolate, deltoid or acuminate, glabres-
cent and ciliate, or pubescent, and with a dense, persistent down beneath, variable in size ;
panicle lax, spreading, 1' long and longer, or narrow and contracted to 1" length, terminal,
or with axillary branches ; spikes ovate or cylindrical, contiguous or interrupted, snow-white
or pale straw-coloured ; sepals linear, oblong-linear or oval-oblong, exceeding twice the
lateral bracts or shorter, glabrous, or pubescent below and on the back : their nerves very
delicate or prominent. — Hab. Jamaica 1, Pd., Bancr., Al., IVils., March, common among
shrubs, 0'-4,000'; Antigua 1, Nichols.; Dominical, Imr.; Trinidad!, Sieb., Schach, Cr.;
[Kentucky 1, Texas 1, Cuba !, and Mexico 1 to Brazil !, Peru !, and Buenos Ayres !].

11. I. elatior, Rich. Herbaceous, glabrous, trailing; leaves lanceolate, acuminate,
petioled ; flowers polygamous, spicate : spikes peduncled, pale-rufcsceut, arranged in pyra-

AMARANTACE7E.

65

initial panicles, which arc leafy below ; lateral bracts concave, hut heeled, equalling the
calyx; sepal-nerves 3 (or lateral inconspicuous), evanescent below the top ; stigmas 2 (-3),
linear, divergent. — Mart. Nov. Gen. t. 155. — Rosea, Mart. Ires, celosioides, Sw. ( non L.).
I. angustifolia, Euphrasen : a form with narrow leaves. — Habit of the preceding, but easily
distinguished by the slender peduncles of the special spikes, and their colour ; flowers §w long:
wool 2"'-3"' long, proceeding not only from the rhachis, but also from the back of the calyx.
— Hab. Jamaica!, Al., March; Antigua!, Nichols.; Trinidad!, Lockh. ; [Cuba, Haiti!,
Panama!, New Granada!, Ecuador!, Brazil!].

12. I. luzuliflora, Gr. Suffrutescent, pubescent ; leaves ovate or ovate-lanceolate,
pointed, petioled; flowers polygamous, capitate : heads subglobose, whitish, peduncled, ar-
ranged in corymbose panicles ; bracts concave, exceeded three times by the calyx ; sepal-
nerves 3, excurrent, prominent; filaments entire, subdeuticulate ; stigmas at length distinct,
oblong. Mart. Nov. Gen. t. 138. — Gomphrena, Moq.! Alternanthera iresinoides, Kth.
(Serturnera, Mart., Gomphrena, Moq. !). Serturnera glauca, Mart. ib. t. 136, 137 (Gom-
phrena, Moq.) : a narrow-leaved form. — A tall herb, like the preceding species, geniculated
at the constricted nodes, covered by a short, persistent down ; panicle compound, terminal,
leafless, with accessory axillary ones ; flower-heads 2"'-3'" diara., often snow-white, supported
by a spreading peduncle; flowers often hermaphrodite, or the male ones with an abortive
pistil ; wool proceeding from the rhachis and from the back of the calyx, flexuose, and equal-
ling the flower (1"'-1*'" long).— Hab. Trinidad !, Schach, Lockh., Or.; [Venezuela !, Brazil !,
Buenos Ayres !].

■*’ aurata, JHetr. Frutescent, climbing; branchlets minutely pubescent; leaves
elliptical, pubescent beneath, petioled ; flowers polygamous, capitate: heads minute, globose,
yellowish-white, the lateral superior ones subsessile, all arranged in a pyramidal panicle;
bracts concave, exceeded three times by the calyx ; sepal-nerves 3, excurrent ; filaments produced
on each side into a rounded, basilar lobe, which is shortly prominent from the cupule •
stigma bipartite : segments oblong.— Mart. Nov. Gen. 1. 139.— Trommsdorffia, Mart. Alter-
nanthera, Moq Iresine elatior, Sieb. ( non Rich.).— A climber, with spreading branches;
flowei -heads 2 diam 5-11-flowered, exceeded a little by the flexuous, spreading wool.—
lhe structure of the short cupule is not that of Alternanthera; for it was only by mistake
that the filament-lobes were described as simple and alternating with the filaments. They
are quite analogous to those of Hebanthe, and differ from them only in their rounded shape,
and in their position at the base of the free part of the filament, being consequently double
between each pair The erroneous character of Trommsdorffia may have been the cause why
om plant m herbaria is occasionally confounded with some species of Hebanthe, and by

pulverulenta ; all forms, however, of Iresine which correspond
with Martiuss Hebanthe, are easily to be distinguished by having solitary flowers, arranged

« taSK S SeriS'l] “• ’ L°‘a-: [M“C0 '■ V“e2Iel* '• B'“° !'

9. PHILOXERUS, R. Br.

(Iresine, sect. Philoxerus, Moq., partim.)

withTw J’ h\y interi°J 7'rrcr’ bu,t e(tual len?th’ supported by, but not enveloped
«ithin wool. Stamens 5 : basilar cupule short, toothless ; anthers oblong. Style 2-partite

teZinh UiT/i~fleaVeS T fl°WCrS scariom: sPicu]es l/lomerate, and arralged in
™ste7Be flower-heads ; bracts scar ions, keeled, conduplicated, inferior some-

it i?;Lgr;,if C0™pared witl? the Preceding, is not nearly related to it, though approaching
it in the structure of the sexual organs: it is distinguished by the stiff searious sepals bf
hermaphrodite flowers, and by the wool, which is attached to the base of the two inner

arsir ll- Brown bas coini5ared * with ** 35

towa4rdsPtheVh.^Qi^atUn’ 1Perennial> decumbent, diffuse; leaves linear, tapering

mhUe usuaHv All nf it 1? ’ dolose, at length ovate or oblong5

lateral ),J t “fy. 1 t,hc; base 5 sePals tnnerved below the middle, nearly equalling the
midrib ™8 i°inad a‘ the middle with the exem-r ,

• Beauv- FL 0war- U 98.-Hleeebrum, L. Iresine, Moq. I. aggregata, Moq.!: the

66

AMARANTACEAS.

form with oblong flower-heads. — Stem herbaceous, with creeping branches, radicant at the
nodes ; leaves fleshy, sometimes enlarged a little towards the top ; flower-heads 6'"- 4W diain.,
often shining: flowers long. — IIab. Jamaica!, Pd., Macf., March; S. Vincent!,

Guild. ; [S. Thomas !, Guadeloupe] ; Bahamas !, Swains. ; Trinidad !, Cr., on the sandy
seashore; [Cuba! to Brazil!, Florida!, Cape Verde Islands !, Senegambia!].

10. LITHOPIIILA, Sw.

(Iresine, sect. Philoxerus, Moq., partim. Alternanthera, seel. Dassiera, Moq., partim)

Sepals 5, two interior narrower, and opposite the fertile stamens, supported by, hut not
enveloped within short wool. Stamens 2: anthers oblong or linear ; basilar cnpule short,
with three sterile filaments, which are opposite the outer sepals. Style bifid or bipartite.
Pericarp utricular. — Leaves subsessile lowest rosular : axils woolly ; flowers capitate,
forming subglobose, axillary and terminal heads: bracts keeled; sepals .white, scarious to
the middle, membranaceous above and on the margin, usually with a greenish, suprabasilar
blotch on each side of the midrib.

R. Brown was the only botanist who had examined this genus after Swartz, and though
he mentioned it in speaking of Philoxerus {Prodr. p. 416), it was considered as of doubtful
affinity by all subsequent writers, and consequently excluded from the Amarantacece.
There was, however, no reason whatever for such doubts, as 1 was happy to learn from the
complete manuscript descriptions which R. Brown (some months before his death) had the
kindness to communicate to me, and from the original specimens, contained in the Banksian
collection : from these and other materials it is satisfactorily proved that Lithophila has several
synonyms among Moquin’s Amarantacece. According to Moquin’s systematic views, their
proper place would have been in his section Philoxerus, where, indeed, one of the forms is
described ; but from a misinterpretation of the stamiual cupule, he has referred the bulk of
lithopliilce to Alternanthera, though they have uo cupule-teeth alternating with the calyx,
and though one of his species is probably a mere synonym of that which he had described
as a Philoxerus.

The Lithopliilce grow among rocks on the seashore, and from their roots penetrating into
the fissures of the stone, and deriving from them a variable quantity of moisture and nourish-
ment, they are subject to variation in the size of the stem and the flowers, the ramification, and
the shape and length of the leaves ; thus the original description of L. muscoides, Sw,, applies
only to a dwarfish, reduced form of a much larger plant, which'Swartz afterwards seems not
to have recognized as identical, having named it otherwise in his herbarium.— A second
species, peculiar to the Galapagean Archipelago, is equally variable ; this is the Alternanthera
subscaposa, T. Hoolcrl, distinguished by a stiff stem, solitary, terminal flower-heads; the
inner sepals equalling in length the outer ones, which are uninerved by linear anthers, and
a bipartite style, with longer, linear stigmas : to this perhaps may be reduced also A. radi-
cata, T. Hook.! {A. acaulis, Anders.!), in which a midrib exists really below the middle of
the outer sepals.

15. li. muscoides, Sw.! Perennial, decumbent, usually diffuse and creeping; leaves
oblanceolate or linear, glabrous ; flower-heads ovoid-globose, or at length oblong, terminal
and axillary, the latter sessile ; bracts almost equalling the flower; outer sepals exceeding
in length the inner ones, elliptical-oblong, blunt, with an excurrent midrib and a pair of
lateral ribs which line the scarious part and join the former in the middle; anthers oblong,
style bifid: stigmas short, linear.— Sw. FI. t. 1 : analyt.— The variability affects chiefly the
following particulars: stems and branches spithameous, or only l"long; leaves 3 -16
long ; flower-heads long, terminal ones peduncled, or leafy at the base.

a. longifolia. Leaves elongated, long-tapering towards the base; terminal flower-heads
usually peduncled.— Alternanthera caribsea, Moq. .

f}. brevifolia. Leaves short, oblanceolate ; all flower-heads sessile. Achyranthes lmeari-
folia, Sw. ap. Wiclcstr. Iresine linearis, Moq. _ _ _ . .

Hab. Navaza !, a desert island between Jamaica and Haiti, on maritime rocks, ow. ; [o.
Barthelemi, S. Eustachc!, lib. Bks. ; Guadeloupe!].

AMARANTACE7E.

67

11. ALTERNANTHERA, For sic.

(Telanthera, II. Br. Alternanthera, sect. Allaganthera, Moq., et
Telanthera, sect. Bueholzia, Moq.)

Sepals 5, at length not enveloped within wool. Stamens 3-5 : anthers oval ; basilar
cnpule short. Stigma subsessile, capitate (or snbemarginate). Pericarp utricular, obeordate,
margined upwards, and exceeding the seed. — Herbs; leaves tapering at the base; flowers
capitate, forming subglobose, axillary and terminal, mostly sessile heads.

Sect. 1. Allaganthera. — Stamens 3, fertile, opposite the outer sepals, and two sterile
filaments, opposite the inner ones : cupule-teeth none ( or obsolete ).

16. A. sessilis, R. Br. Annual, creeping and branched at the base; stems ascending,
with two lines of hairs, or glabrescent ; leaves quite entire, obovate-lanceolate or lanceolate,
usually glabrous : axils pilose ; flower-heads sessile, white ; sepals uninerved, glabrous, three
times exceeding the bracts, and subexceeded by the pericarp ; staminal cupule very short,
toothless (with the exception of the sterile filaments) . — Wight, Ic. t. 727 — Stems spitha-
meous: internodes exceeding the spreading leaves ; flowers f'" long.— Hab. Trinidad !, Schach,
Cr., common along roads ; Caribbean Islands 1 ; [Haiti to Guiana !, Brazil !, Buenos Ayres !,
Niger !, Nubia !, Egypt !, Talusch !, East Indies !].

Sect. 2. Telanthera. Stamens alternating with the teeth of the cupule, 5, all fertile

( sometimes 2 of them castrate ).

17. A. polygonoides, R. Br. Perennial, glabrous or pubescent ; branches elongated,
distant ; leaves elliptical-lanceolate, shortly petioled ; flower-heads sessile, white ; sepals of
unequal length, exterior pungent, twice exceeding the lateral, spreading, pungent bracts,
hispid on the back, Q-costate : lateral nerves converging above the middle; teeth of the
staminal cupule prominent, cut at the top, equalling or exceeding the stamens ; pericarp in-
cluded.— SI. t. 86./. 2 : a Linn, citat. Mart. Nov. Gen. t. 148-151.— Illecebrum, L. Bu-
cholzia, Mart. Telanthera, Moq. ( exclus . var. (). — A very variable, herbaceous plant, with
the intern odes exceeding the leaves, higher than the similar A. sessilis, either erect or de-
cumbent; flower-heads 2"'-3"' diam. : flowers H"'-2'" long.

a. Stem pubescent or villous ; leaves pubescent beneath : younger organs whitish with
down.— Telanthera crucis, Moq. Alternanthera leucantha, Moq. — Tel. martinicensis Moq.
is perhaps also a form of this, with rounded leaves. ’ 1 ’

B. glabrescens. Stem and leaves glabrous or glabrescent : axils pilose ; sepals less hispid.
T. ficoidea, Moq. ! ( exclus . synon .). — Alternanthera tenella, Colla (; in Mem. Turin. 33.
t. 9), is probably the same form ; but in the analysis (perhaps by mistake) the senals are
represented as of equal length. 1

Hab Jamaica U Alex., Wits, (a, 0), March (a and 0), common ; Caribbean Islands and
lnniaadl, Cr. ; [Cuba to Buenos Ayres].

Li8,; A ?K°idea’ 7f Brd Penial prostrate, radicant, glabrous; leaves oblanceolate,
venulose, glabrous : axils villous ; flower-heads sessile, white ; sepals of equal length, pointed
nearly twice exceeding the bracts, pilose below on the back (or glabrescent), 3 (-5 Vcoslate'-
lateral nerves jmned with the midrib at the middle; teeth of the staminal cupule prominent
cut at the top, usually shorter than the stamens ; pericarp included. — Jacn. Amer. Piet t 90-

huft W CUM~ \ MaZ'\ NT °m\ L 14?-— lUecebrum, L. Bueholzia maritima’ Mart.\ Te-
wST’i ^ Telanthera polygonoides, var. compacta, Moq. I— The old creeping stems
become elongated and woody, prostrate with all their crowded, short branches; flower-heads
shining, 3 -4 diam.: flowers nearly 2'" long.- Hab. Jamaica!, List.; Caribbean Islands

wtt Last of Afi2] ! °re ' C aUd Mexico! t0 Euenos Ayres! along the cast coast,’

or oi,lA; A,Chyr^tha’ R- Br- Perennial ; stem decumbent, leafy, pilose ; leaves obovate
eaual / 2 // °Se’ ,g.abrous ; flowcr-heads sessile, straw-coloured or whitish; sepals of un-
equal length exterior mucronate, subpungent, exceeding the bracts, villous below on the

tube short f:i lfera[.neroes Joined with the midrib at the middle; teeth of the staminal
ort, subulate, entire, exceeded by the stamens; pericarp included. — Bill. Etth. 1. t.

f 2

(58

AMARANTACEiE.

7 ./. 7. — Stems rosulate, elongated, herbaceous or suffrutescent ; flower-heads ovoid, about
4"' long : flowers H'" long. The villous down of the calyx distinguishes this species from
A. pohjijonoides. — Hah. Bahamas!, Swains.; Caribbean Islands; [Southern Uuited States !,
Cuba !, and Mexico 1 to Brazil ! and Buenos Ayres !, Tcneriffc !, Andalusia !].

Tribe III. AMARANTH JE. — Stamens distinct : anthers mostly bilocular. Ovary
uniovulate. — Leaves alternate.

Gossypianthus is the only genus in this tribe with unilocular anthers : G. lanuyinosus,
Moq. {Tuss. FI. 2. t. 21), is indigenous in Haiti !, hut not yet observed in the British
Islands.

12. AMBLOGYNE, Raf.

Flowers monoecious. <J: Sepals 3 ; stamens 3. ? : Calyx 5-fid : tube urceolate; styles

2-3. Pericarp utricular.- — An annual, ccespitose, glabrescent herb; leaves spathulate, re-
tuse, mucronate ; flower- clusters axillary.

20. A. polygonoid.es, Raf.- — SI. t. 92. f. 2. — Amarantus, L. : ex citai. SI. Blowers
greenish-white; lobes of the female calyx spathulate-liuear, blunt, trinerved. — Hab. Jamaica !,
Marf. ; Bahamas!, Swains.; Antigua!, Nichols.; [Florida!, New Mexico!, Cuba!, Guiana],

13. SCLEROPUS, Schrad.

Flowers monoecious : bracts at length indurated, with the pedicel thickened. Sepals o.
Stamens 3. Styles 2. Pericarp utricular.— Annual, glabrous herbs; flower-clusters ax-
illary.

21. S. amarantoides, Schrad. Leaves spathulate, retuse, mucronate. Amarantus
crassipes, Schlecht. — Habit of Amblogyne ; clusters deciduous at the maturation of the fruit ;
flowers greenish : bracts keeled, subpungent, recurved, exceeded by the uninerved sepals.
Hab. Jamaica!, Al. ; [S. Thomas, Mexico, Peru]. *

14. EUXOLUS, Raf.

Flowers usually monoecious. Sepals 3 (-5). Stamens 3 (2-5). Styles 3. Pericarp
utricular. — Annual herbs ; flower-clusters all, or the superior ones, spicate.

22* E. viridis, Moq. Glabrous ; leaves ovate or rhomboid, usually retuse ; flower-
clusters axillary, subglobose, superior in a terminal, contiguous, simple spilce green; bracts
half the length of the calyx ; pericarp rounded, without prominent wrinkles. < • •/■ •

Amarantus! L. : ex citai. SI. et Herb. Linn. A. Blitmn, L. : ex loc. Suec. Albersia Bhtum,
Hth.— IIab. Naturalized in Jamaica {SI.) ; Dommica !, S. \ mcent !, Guild.; [Southcin Eui ope .,
United States !, Guiana !, Buenos Ayres !, Pacific islands !, East Indies !, tropical Africa .].

23. E. caudatus, Mon. Glabrous; leaves ovate, retus a-, flower-clusters all spicate,
forming a .terminal panicle : spikes slender, green; bracts three tunes shorter than the calyx;
pericarp rounded, rugose.— Jacq. Ic. Rar. t. 244.— Clienopodmm. Jacq.— Hab. Jamaica !,
March; Caribbean Islands {Moq.) ; [all tropical countries].

15. AMARANTUS, L.

Flowers polygamous or moncncious. Sepals 5-3. Stamens 5-3. Styles 2-1. Puicarp
circumscissue, or irregularly bursting above the base.— Annual herbs ; flower-clusters usually
spicate, all, or the superior ones, arranged in a terminal panicle.

Sect. 1. C e nth usa . — Pericarp bursting transversely , but incompletely above the base.

Flowers monoecious.

24 A. spinosus, L. Glabrous ; leaves rhomboid or rhomboid-lanceolate -.axils bispi-
nose '; male clusters panicled and spicate, female ones mostly axdlary subglnbosc ; sepals
5 equalling the bracts and the pericarp, pointed, greenish.— // illd. A nar. 1. *•/•*’ "***■
77 5 / 314 ■ Wight, Jc. t. 513,-Spines 4»'-5'» long, exceeded by the pctiole.-HAB. Ja-
maica (St.) to Trinidad!, Schach, Or.; [Southern United States !, Mexico ! to leru.,
Brazil!; Galapagos Islands!, East Indies!, western tropical Africa!].

NYCTAGINE2E.

69

Sect. 2. Euamarantus. — Pericarp circumscissile at the middle. Flowers polygamous.

25. A. tristis, L. Glabrous ; leaves rhomboid-ovate, blunt, and usually retusc ; clusters
panic-led, greenish : superior spikes cylindrical, contiguous, llexuose, inferior interrupted at
the base or reduced to axillary clusters ; sepals 5, oblong, mucrouatc, pale, with a green keel,
nearly equalling the spinescent bracts and the pericarp. — Willd. Amar. t. 5. f. 10 ; Wight ,
Ic. t. 51-1, 713. — Hab. Jamaica!, Dist., to Trinidad !, Schach ; [Chili!].

26. A. paniculatus, L. Pubescent; leaves ovate or rhomboid-oblong; clusters pa-
niclcd, purpurascent, red, or greenish : spikes cylindrical, crowded, spreading ; sepals 5, ob-
long, mucronate, nearly half the length of the spinescent bracts ; pericarp exceeding the
calyx. — Willd. Amar. t. 2./. 3, 4. — A. sanguineus, L. — Hab. Bahamas {Linn., Mart.)-,
[Guiana ! and all tropical countries].

XXIV. NYCTAGINEiE.

Flowers apetalous. Calyx corolline : base persistent, and at length including the fruit.
Stamens hypogynous. Ovary unilocular: ovule solitary, basilar; style simple. Embryo
excentrical : perisperm central, mealy. — Leaves entire, mostly opposite : the pair unequal,
and lire nodes tumid. ’

Drastic properties are general in this Order : consequently Mirabilis aud Boerhaavia
yield drugs used in Colonial medicine.

1. MIRABlhi

Calyx infundibuliform or tubular, encircled by a 5-lobed involucre, which is single-flowered.
Stamens 5. Embryo incurved. — Perennial herbs.

1. M. Jalappa, L. Glabrescent ; leaves ovate or subcordate, pointleted; termina-
flowers fascicled; calyx-tube much exceeding the involucre: limb spreadiug, 5-lobed.— Desc.

1^9. M. dichotoma, Eesc. {an L. ?). — I have no particular knowledge of the West
Indian forms in this genus, and am not aware of any positive character for M. dichotoma,
L. Hab. Jamaica {SI., Lun.), Caribbean Islands, common; [Mexico, Guiana],

2. BOEltHAAVIA, L.

Calyx constricted above the persistent tube: limb shortly 5-lobed. Stamens 1-3 (-4).
Pericarp perfectly enclosed by the indurated calyx-tube, which at length is closed at the toil!
Embryo conduphcated. Perennial or suffrutescent herbs : flowers fascicled or umbellate with
minute bracts .

2. S. erecta, L. Ascending, glabrous; leaves ovate or ovatc-lanceolate, pointed, whi-
tish beneath ; fascicles arranged in a strict, narrow panicle ; calyx-tube at length clavale
angular, truncate and bluntly mucronate at the top, glabrous, -costate, with prominent ribs!

Jacq. IIL Find. 1. to, 6.— Flowers pale-red.— Hab. Jamaica !, Bauer., M’Nab ,- Caribbean
Islands; [Georgia!, Honda!, Mexico, Galapagos Islands!].

3 B. paniculata, Rich. Ascending, glabrous; leaves ovate, rounded at the top, sub-
cihate, usually whitish beneath ; fascicles arranged in an elongated, spreading panicle ; pe-
uncles lax filiform ; calyx-tube at length clavale, angular, rounded at the top, 5-costate,
h delicate, glandular ribs.—- Plulcn. Almag. t. 226./. 7.-B. diffusa, Sw., Lun.— Flowers

rp- - Macf-' 111 cane-fields; Dominica!, Barbadoes, Trinidad!, Sieb.

Inn. 88 ; [Texas !, Panama!, Galapagos Islands!; Cape Verde Islands!].

seeding, pubescent; leaves ovate, rounded, subsin uate, concolor
ro^?h"hat ^hl‘lsh bcncal 1 ; fascicles arranged in short, spreading panicles, or axillary,
t an^,3lm;Ple> stalked; calyx-tube at length clavale-cylindrical, rounded at the
1 , costatc with ribs which are densely glandular. — Jacq. Obs. t. 84; Ja.cq. Hi. Find. 1.

tiV.nl UankV^i7 ™CrS blood-red.— Hab. Jamaica!, Macf, A/., March; An-
tigua., S. \ inccnt !, Guild. ; [lexas! to Guiana!, Galapagos Islands 1],

B. scandens, L. Sulfrutieose, divaricate, trailing, glabrous; leaves eordatc-round-

70

NYCTAGINE2E.

ish, concolor, and with white pimples beneath ; flowers umbellate : umbels terminal, on
simple, axillary peduncles ; calyx-tube ellipsoidal, at length clavate, ecoslate, subtruncate and
glandular at the top. — Jacq. lit. Vinci, v. 1. t. 4. — Flowers yellow, 3,,( long : limb spreading,
equalling the tube, which is dark-coloured. — IIab. Jamaica [St., P . Br .) ; Bahamas !, Swains.,
[Cuba!, Mexico!, to Peru; Galapagos Islands!].

3. PISONIA, L.

Blowers polygamous, or dioecious by abortion. Calyx-limb 5 -lobed or 5-toothed. Sta-
mens 6-8 (6-10), exserted in the male flower. Stigma multifid. Pericarp included within
the indurated or baccate calyx -tube. Embryo straight. — Trees or shrubs ; leaves opposite
or partly alternate ; flowers supported by 3 (-1) minute bracts, glomerate or fascicled : the
clusters arranged in axillary and terminal cymes.

Sect. 1. Tkagulakia. — Fruit-bearing calyx-tube indurated, glutinous from jive series of
thick glands. Central perisperm cylindrical, lengthwise incised by a thin pericarpial
plate.

6. P. aculeata, L. Trailing, armed with axillary spines; leaves elliptical, shortly ta-
uering at both ends, petioled ; cymes stalked, pubescent, most of them axillary : flowers glo-
merate; male calyx infundibular: limb 5-fid; female calyx campanulate, at }en<fhclavale-
prismatical : angles glandular to the base: glands prominent capitate with thickened,
compressed, glabrous stalks: interstices pubescent. — Lam. III. t. 8b l ; St. t. Ib I- J. o, a .
fladlv _A scandent shrub, 8'-20' high : spines strong (4"' long), perpendicular to the branch,
and somewhat crooked; leaves leathery, but deciduous, either coetaneous with the flowers
or serotine, glabrous or glabrescent : petiole nearly equalling the stalk of the axillary cyme
flowers in both sexes 1"' long, greenish-yellow; stamens usually _8, twice the
male calyx : female calyx-tube at length 5"'-6"' long, 1"' diam (2"' with the glands), trun-
cate and minutely perforated at the top.— Hab. Jamaica \, AL, Antigua!; Nichols.; Do-
minica !, Imr., in hedges and among trees ; [Mexico ! to Brazil, as far south as Rio Giande
do Sul I, Madagascar !, East Indies !].

7 P. nigricans, Su>. ! [non alior.). Unarmed, or spiny below ; leaves ovate or eUiptical,
petioled; cymes stalked, divaricate, villous-pubescent ■. flowers fascicled with the pedicels
nearly equalling the male calyx ; tube of the male calyx turbinate: limb spreading, 5-fid,
female calyx campanulate, at length clavate-oblong or oblong o bttae-mgled: angles glan-
J dular to the base: glands short, sessile: sides pubescent.-P . discoloi, Spr.. {non Chois,
descr ) .—Branches glabrescent (unarmed in the J amaica specimens, but old bi anclies, coUec ed
in Cuba by Wright, bearing crooked spines, just as in P. aculeata) ; leaves similar to .those
of the preceding 2"-3" long, broad, blunt, glabrous, green on both sides, but pider

feS often’brown by being dried) : petiole 6'"-10'" long, glabrescent enlarged at the
top • cymes terminal on the branchlets, or lateral, the male more spreading (2 diam.)^ than
the female ones, the pedicels of which are also shorter, when flowering ; male calyx 1 Ion
and bTad pubescent more than twice exceeded by the 6-7 stamens, including an abortive
pSif femaie calyx^ f “long, narrow, 5-toothed, villous, exceeded by the style, and including
abortive stamens! at length 4"' long, 2'" broad, tapering shortly at the base, perfoiated^ t ^
rounded or subtruncate top (the enclosed fruit not yet quite ripe in om specimens).

Jamaica 1, AL, March, in woods, e.g. S. Thomas m the \ ale ; [eastern Cuba ! j .

8 P. subcordata, Sw.l {non Chois.). Unarmed; leaves cordate-roundish, petioled;
cVlnes stalked minutely pubescent ; flowers glomerate; male calyx infundibular, sio
l !,,,,! . female calyx at leugth damle-lindar, cylindrical, with serial L

4Si'«rc’asa

8. Kitts, Antigua !, Pentium,, on chalk, lulls; [b. Ikoa.as to

deloupc!].

MALYACE2E.

71

Sect. 2. Pacurero. — Fruit-bearing calyx-tube baccate, not glandular. Central perisperm

channelled by a thick longitudinal projection of the pericarp ( exhibiting consequently in

the transverse section a semilunar figure ).

9. P. inermis, Jacq. Unarmed ; leaves elliptical or elliptical-oblong, pointed or blunt-
ish, petioled ; cymes stalked, minutely pubescent, most of them terminal ; flowers glomerate,
subsessile; male calyx infundibular, tapering at the base : limb shortly 5-lobed \ female calyx
at length baccate, mu/tistriate or smooth, ovate-lanceolate, glabrous r ribs flliform. — Seem.
Bot. Her. t. 34. — P. mitis, Brit. Mus. ! P. nigricans, Chois. ( non Sw.) : a larger-leaved form.
P. coccinea, Sw.! : a form identical with P. Pacurero, Kth. (figured by Seemann), with the
leaves smaller, more tapering, and turning black or remaining green when dried. The com-
parison of a greater number of specimens convinces me of the necessity of combining the
two species, distinguished by Choisy as P. nigricans and P. Pacurero. — A shrub or low
tree, 12-20' high : leaves very variable, pointed or bluntish at both ends, glabrous, membra-
naceous or leathery ; cymes terminal on young branehlets : “ peduncles at length turning
red” (Jacq.) ; flowers yellowish-green, 2'" long; fruit-bearing calyx 5"'-6"' long, first cylin-
drical, afterwards lJ"'-2'" thick at or below the middle, without prominent angles, “red”
or “ black.” — Hab. Jamaica !, Macf, Pd., Al., Wils., March ; Antigua !, Ponthieu, Nichols.;
Dominica !, Tmr. (both forms) ; S. Vincent !, Gruild., Barbadoes !, Trinidad !, Loc/ch., Holt.,
Pd.; [Cuba! and Mexico to Ecuador!, Guiana! and Brazil],

10. P. obtusata, Sw. ! Unarmed; leaves obovate or obovate-oblong, rounded at the
top, and tapering towards the petiole, glabrous or glabrescent ; cymes stalked, minutely pu-
bescent, terminal: flowers shortly pedicellate ; male calyx infundibular : limb obtusely 5-
toothed; female calyx at length baccate, elliptical-oblong, 10-costate, glabrous; ribs pro-
minent, obtuse. — Jacq. Ht. Schcenbr. 3. t. 314. — A shrub ; leaves leathery, somewhat shining,
turning brown by being dried; male flowers 2"'-3'" long; fruit-bearing calyx black, 4'" long,
2'" thick. — Hab. Jamaica!, Al., March ; [Cuba !, S. Barthelemi, Brazil],

4. NEEA, R. P.

Calyx 5-toothed. Stamens 6-8 (5-10), included. Stigma simple, pointed. Pericarp
included within the baccate calyx-tube. Embryo convolutive. — Trees or shrubs : habit of
Pisonia.

The peculiarity of this genus, which had hitherto been confined to the southern continent,
relies not only, as Choisy supposed, on the included stamens, but on the simple style, and
the more involute cotyledons : in the baccate species of Pisonia the cotyledons approach
this structure.

11. N, jamaicensis, Gr. (u. sp.). Glabrous; leaves oblong or elliptical-oblong, pointed ;

cymes terminal, divaricated, compound : flowers pedicellate; calyx broad-campanulate, with
blunt, erect teeth; fruit-bearing calyx-tube ellipsoidal, delicately costate. — A tree; leaves 5"-8"
long, 2''-2i" broad, rounded at the base, archnerved, with the primary veins distant, mostly
opposite : petiole 4"'-6"' long ; cyme stalked (about 3" diam.), trichotomous in the primary,
usually alternate in the subsequent divisions : pedicels 1'" long, pubescent with a minute,
rufous down ; involucre formed of 3-2 minute bracts ; calyx 2'''-3 long, 2"' broad at the
a' i' r* * ^ ^ constricted at the mouth (while in the allied N. spectabilis, Chois. Berlin

Abh. 1832, t. 3, it is constricted) : teeth originally \w long, but at length sometimes sepa-
rated by rupture to the middle of the tube; stamens unequal, 8, the longest equalling the
included style; style linear, acute; fruit-bearing calyx -tube 5"'-6'" long, 2"'-3'" broad,
crowned by the erect teeth : longitudinal ribs filiform, about 10 stronger ; cotyledons convo-
lutive around the reduced central perisperm.— IIab. Jamaica !, discovered by Dr. Alexander
near Browristown.

XXV. MALVACEAE.

Calyx mostly valvate. Stamens monadelphous, indefinite (-10) by division, the primor-
* 8 »■«•’ opposite to the petals and connate with their claws : anthers unilocular, with
c po lcn hispid. Pistil synearpous. Embryo curved : endosperm thin. — Leaves alternate,
palmalinerved, stipulate .- down usually stellate.

72

MALVACEiE.

All Malvacete yield a bland mucilage, and are largely used as emollients {e.g.Abelmoschus,
Malachra). A far more important product of the Order is their fibre, which in Cotton
( Gossypium ) consists of the testa-hairs, while iu many other Malvacece the fibrous layer of
the bark is employed : thus Paritium (Mahoc, Cuba-bast), Sida pyramidala, Abutilon datum,
Hibiscus clypeatus, Malaclira, Pavonia typlialea, and P. racemosa, are remarkable fibre-
plants of the West Indies. A yellow dye is obtained from the unripe fruit of Thespesia.

Tribe I. MALVEJE. — Carpels as many as the stigmas, usually at length separating from
the central axis. Column antheriferous at the summit. — The West Indian genera have
capitate stigmas {Sided).

1. MALVASTRUM, As. Gr.

Carpids 20-5, uriiovulate, curved, and encircling a central torus, at length separating from
the same. Padicle inferior. — Involucel 3-1 -leaved, or obsolete. Herbs.

1. M. spicatum, Gr. {PI. Carib.). SuflVutesccnt, pubescent or cancscent; leaves del-
toid or ovate, pointed, crenatc-serrate above the base ; flowers spicate : spikes oblong, or
axillary ones reduced ; involucral leaves 3, lanceolate, equalling the calyx ; calyx-lobes ovate
or ovate-lanceolate, pointed, as long as the tube or a little longer ; petals orange-coloured,
obcordate, shortlv exserted; carpuls about 15, awnless, glabrous and pubescent at the in-
flexed top, flat on the back.— Can. Hiss. t. 20./. 4. t. 138./. 3.— Malva, L. M. americana,
Rich. Cub. {non alior.). M. polystachya, Cav. — Erect and branched, usually 2-3 high,
but sometimes shrubby and 6'-7' high : leaves usually pale-green, or cancscent chiefly be-
neath : down soft. — Hab. Jamaica !, all collectors, common, to Antigua !, Nichols. ; and
Trinidad!, loclch.; [Texas!, Cuba! to Brazil!, Cape Verde Islands!, East Indies!, New
Holland!].

2. M. tricuspidatum, As. Gr. SufFrutescent, substrigose; leaves ovate-lauceolate oi
rhomboid-lanceolate, serrate ; flowers axillary, fascicled or solitary, shortly stalked ; involu-
cel-leaves 3, linear, at length exceeded by the calyx, or obsolete; calyx-lobes ovate, pointed,
as long as the tube; petals yellow, obcordate, shortly exserted; carpids 10 or more, tncus-
pidate (one awn at the iuflexed top, two on the edge of the back), hispid above, somewhat
channelled on the back.— Caw. Hiss. t. 22. f. 2.— Malva. Ait. M. americana, L. et Cav.
M. coromandeliana, Sw. M. domingensis, Spr. — Stem l'-l|', with appressed hairs -. leaves
green ; superior flowers sometimes approximate and subspicate— Hab. Jamaica Bancr.,
Hist., TFils., common, to Trinidad !, Cr. ; [Florida, Texas !, California !, Cuba !, and Mexico .
to Brazil !, and Peru !, Madeira !, Canary Islands !, East Indies !].

2. MODIOLA, Mch.

Carpids 20-14, biovulate, separating from each other and from the central torus, biros-
trate and dehiscent between the beaks. Seeds separated by a transverse dissepiment : radicle
inferior. Stamens 10-20. — Involucel Q-leaved, persistent. Ileibs.

3. M. caroliniana, G. Hon. Annual, hirsute; leaves palmatifid and toothed ; pedicels
axillary, exceeding the petiole; petals red, a little longer than the caly s.-, carpids hispid.—
Cav. Hiss. t. 16. / 3 ; As. Gr. Gen. Bor. Amer. t. 128. — Malva, A. M. prostrata, Cav
Macfad.l M. eriocarpa, HC. — Diffuse or prostrate ; petals 3 long.— Ha % .Jamaica {>
Mac/., sparingly on the hills; [Virginia to Texas!, Mexico!, Club!, Juan reinandcz.,
Montevideo 1, Buenos Ayres !].

3. SPH/ERALCEA, St. HU.

Carpids 24-12, 3-2-ovulate, tardily separating from the central torus, dehiscent above
and at length in the dorsal line. Radicle inferior iu the inferior, superior in the supenoi
8eeds. — Involucel 2i-2-leaved, deciduous.

4. S. abutiloides, Endl. Shrubby, tomentosc ; leaves roundish ^^"*-*"*

rate- peduncles axillary, 5-1-llowered, superior corymbose; involucel 3-leaved, calyx B-ful,
twice exceeded by the rose-coloured petals ; carpids 2-3-secdcd blunt, ’

Elth t 1; Jam. HI. Schoen.br. 3. t. 293; Bot. Mag. t. 2544. Malva, L. Ihjmosm,
Best).— A high shrub : my diagnosis is taken from the figures— Hab. Bahamas, 1 io\ ulen ,

MALVACE2E.

73

on rocks (DHL): a greenhouse plant, introduced by Catesby, who collected the seeds. Indi-
genous specimens have not yet been examined.

4*. ANODA, Cav.

Carpids 10-20, uniovulate, indehisccnt, depressed, with the beak or apex pointed inwards.
Radicle superior. — Involucel 0. Calyx at length spreading. Herbs.

5*. A. Hastata, Cav. Annual, pilose or glabrescent ; leaves hastate or lobed at the
base ; pedicels axillary, solitary, exceeding the leaves ; calyx profoundly 5-fid : lobe9 ovate,
pointed ; petals usually blue, three times the length of the calyx ; carpids long-beaked. — Cav.
Diss. t. 11./. 2 ; As. Gr . Gen. Bor. Amer. 1. 124. — Hab. Naturalized in Jamaica !, Bancr.;
[indigenous on the continent : New Mexico, Mexico ! to Peru !].

5. SID A, L.

Carpids 5-15, uniovulate, dehiscent towards the apex or indehiscent, tardily separating
from the central torus. Radicle superior.- — Involucel 0 (or obsolete) . Sutfrutescent herbs
(usually floicering from the first year, and consequently in that state appearing annual),
or shrubs.

Sect. 1. Malvinda. Calyx o-fid or -toothed : tube usually angular. Carpids birostraie
or bimucronate at the dehiscent apex ( rarely uniaristate or awnless ).

t Leaves tapering or rounded at the base.

* Flowers shortly stalked or subsessile : pedicel not jointed above the middle.

6. S. carpinifolia, L. Suffrutescent ; leaves elliptical-lanceolate, serrate above the
base ; stipvdes linear, equalling the petioles and the pedicels ; flowers axillary, shortly stalked;
calyx 5-fid, exceeded by the yellow petals ; carpids 8-10, reticulated, birostrate or bimucro-
nate, glabrous, hairy towards and upon the beaks. — Cav. Diss. t. 2 ./. 3, t. 3./. 10, 11, t.
„ ,1: S- Tacata> Furm. s. stipulate, Cav. S. glabra, Nutt. S. Berteriana,’ Balb.

S. Balbisiana, DC S. brachypetala, DC. S. trivialis, Mac/.! S. lanceolata, Rich. Cub.
a. obtusa. Rich. . Habit of Malvastrum tricuspidatum. The great variability of this species,
by winch we are justified in uniting these and other synonyms, affects chiefly the following
particulars: down oppressed, stellate, or wanting; leaves varying from rhomboid-lanceolate
to elliptic, acuminate or bluntish, quite glabrous or stellate-pubescent beneath, or strigose
upon the ribs; stipules lanceolate or setaceous, variable in length; flowers usually fascicled
or sohtary ; the pedicels shorter than the petiole, or twice its length; carpids glabrous, or
with a short down (chiefly above), their awns 3'"-A'" long, erect, or at length incurved.

of the ca7pid)blr°Strate: bcaks ercct (of various length, but usually exceeding the diameter

0. brevicuspidata. Carpids bimucronate : beaks very short.— To this form S. stipulala ,

, ’ • acutflj Bunn., and the greater part of the above synonyms belong ; it was well

described by Macfadyen (S. trivialis, ej.!).

GA/T' TvfTI i’ ^ copctors, common S. Kitts !, Els. ; Dominica!, Imr.; S. Vincent!,

Nc^rVnn ^i ^nCkh'\ Cr'; tFlorida!> Bermudas!, Cuba ! and Guatemala ! to

New Gianada ! and Brazil !, tropical Africa !, Canary Islands !, East Indies !].

In J' ffl0?eratf’ °?V' SufFruitesceut= downy chiefly by simple hairs; leaves lanceo-
the lenath nf r stiptcles large, obliquely lanceolate, acuminate, nervose, twice

mLiIW th/ thfPetwl^. ^wers axillary, subsessile, glomerate or solitaiy ; calyx 5-fid,
S' fT petalf; reticulated^ glabrous, shortly bicuspidate: Valves a

Stem ns Si h dlvfSent— Cflv. Dm. i. 2. /. 6.— In habit approaching the preceding.
the 1ft' h a T V n° branches’ l~2’ hiSh- either villous with simple hairs exceeding
hairs oii hnfl . 01 £ a^rescent ; leaves with a soft down, or scattered, simple, spreading

nifolia R tSI r ’ ?arPlds smaller, petioles shorter, and leaves narrower than in S. carpi-

St CS], ; LoeiK [M“ico1- ’ v“-

S. ciljaris, L. Procumbent, diffuse : down scattered, oppressed, clueily stellate ;

74

MALVACEAE.

leaves short, oblong, nearly of the same length as the petiole, serrate above the middle ;
stipules linear or spathulate, ciliate, equalling the petiole ; flowers axillary, subsessile, glo-
merate or solitary ; calyx 5-fid, equalling the red or yellow petals, which are blotched at the
base; carpids 5-8, tubercled, glabrous, shortly bicuspidate.— SI. t. 137./. 2; C av.JJus. t.
3. r 9 _s. involucrata, 'Rich. Cub.: a form with pointed leaves, which usually are blunt at
both ends.— Calyx-tube at length not angular.— Hab. Jamaica!, M'Nab, At.; [Cuba! to
Guadeloupe ! and V enezuela !] .

9. S. jamaicensis, L. Suffrutescent, velvety with stellate down; leaves ovate, blunt,
serrate-creuate above the base; stipules setaceous, equalling the petiole; flowers axillary,
shortly stalked or subsessile, subglomerate or solitary ; calyx 5-fid, equalling the white jietals;
carpids 5, reticulated, bimucronate, glabrous, and with a short down \nAow.—cav. Biss t.
2 f 5, — Easily recognized from all the preceding species by its velvety leaves.— 11ab. Ja-
maica!, Bancr., Al,, March ; [S. Thomas!].

** Pedicels jointed above the middle, of various length.

10 S. spinosa, L. Suffrutescent or shrubby, minutely pubescent; leaves oblong-lan-
ceolate or lanceolate-linear, serrate above the base, pale beneath : base of the petiole with a
spinescent tubercle on the bach ; flowers axillary, subsolitary : pedicel jomted above the

■* . -it* #7 K -fir! elirw+lv PTPPPMPi

ex soecim. IV. Am.! (non Cav.). a. minor, maty.; . ~~

This species is equally variable with S. carpinifolia L and perhaps still more so chiefly chs-
tinsuished from it by having jointed pedicels and by the little spme of the petiole . m mo t
cases it may also be recognized by the stellate down of the calyx the stem, and the under side
of the leaves The variability affects the shape of the leaves, the length of the petioles and
2^5tl«rS^F^af the carpid-beaks which are in most of the forms half as

lomi as the carpid itself, but sometimes longer and hispid.

a Leaves oblong-lanceolate, tapering from the base towards the hluntish top, glabrescent
above • carpids 5, shortly birostrate.— The above synonyms belong to this form. _

8 annustifolia Lam. Leaves lanceolate-linear, or lanceolate, acuminate; carpids 5 8.
JbXS. ta*a.-CS». Liu. I. %.f. S.-S. Xhtf.h . form the pedh

Pd., Will. ; Caribbean Maud,

Nevis ; ’[Pennsylvania ! to Texas !, Mexico ! to Brazil ! and Montevideo !, Senegambia ., Cape
Verde Islands, Mascate !, Mauritius !, East Indies !].

11 S rhombifolia, L. Shrubby or suffrutescent, minutely pubescent or glabrescent ;
leaves rhomboid-lanceolate or lanceolate, serrate above the base, pale beneath; flowers ax -
W subsolitary - pedicel jointed above the middle, elongated, nearly equalling the leaf,
la7’ r c l 1 ZjpJ lw fl Jnale yellow petals, which are blotched with red at the base ; car-

t0 tSSSL ISSU Though I never L i„.
fS mplhtc forms between the birostrate and unirostrate carpids, the latter being perhaps the
cinoe “f Casual symphysis, as there are no other constant differences, and especially as

"V.. 23* “»b ito,

combine, whh

MALV ACE/E.

75

this variety a form in which the carpid-teeth are completely abortive. A synonym of this is
*5- philippica, DC. ap. W. Am. !, not yet observed in America.

7. retusa, L. Carpids biaristate : awns long, hairy. — S. retusa, W.Arn.l S. hondensis,
Kth. el Gr. (in PI. Carib.). S. ruderata, Macf. — This is the common form in the West
Indies and other parts of America, while /3 has only been sent from Trinidad.

Hab. Jamaica!, Pd., AL, March; S. Kitts!, Dominica!, Trinidad! (/3 and 7), Loclch.,
Schach, common ; [7 : South Carolina !, Florida !, Mexico ! to Brazil !, Pern !, and Buenos
Ayres !, Niger !, Senegambia !, Canary and Azoric Islands !, East Indies !].

ft Leaves cordate at the base.

* Calyx-tube 'b-angular : lobes subulate.

12. S. wrens, L. Suffrutescent, hirsute ; hairs simple and stellate (the latter chiefly on

the under side of the leaves) ; leaves cordate, pointed or acuminate, serrate, long-petioled ;
flowers axillary and terminal, shortly stalked, fascicled (sometimes subsolitary, and with an
accessory, exserted branch); calyx 5-fid, hirsute : lobes subulate, exceeded by or equalling
the yellow petals, which are blotched with red at the base; carpids 5, awnless, edentate or
bidontate, glabrous. Cav. Piss. t. 2 . f. 7, t. 1. /. 12.— S. verticillata, Cav.— Stem l'-5'
high, trailing ; calyx long. — Hab. Jamaica !, all collectors, common among shrubs;

Antigua !, Nichols. ; Tnnidad !, Loclch., Or. ; [Cuba ! to Peru !, and Brazil, as far south as
Porto Alegre!, Niger!, Madagascar!].

13. S. supina, L Her. Procumbent, diffuse,, pilose or glabrescent: hairs mostly simple ;
leaves cordate-triangular or cordate-ovate, crenate- serrate : petiole nearly equalling the
limb; flowers axillary: pedicels filiform, usually solitary, jointed, equalling or exceeding
the elongated petiole ; calyx 5-fid : lobes subulate, exceeded by or equalling the yellow petals ;
carpids a, birostrate : beaks hairy, as long as the carpid.—L’Her. Stirp. t. 52 (a. 1785)-
Cav. Piss. t. 1 . f. 8, t. 196. f. 2; Bol. Miscel. 2. t. 89. — S. pilosa, Cav. (published in the
same year, but restricted afterwards to the hairy form). S. ovata, Cav.: the glabrescent
form. S. procumbens, Sw.! S. Dombeyana, PC. (ex Pot. Misc.): petals blotched with red
at the base.— -iStem herbaceous ; leaves acute or bluntish, not acuminate, sometimes quite
glabrous; calyx 2 long. Hab. Caribbean Islands; [Haiti and Mexico! to Venezuela!
and Lima !, Galapagos Islands !] .

14 S. ulmifolia, Cav. Suffrutescent, glabrescent: hairs simple ; leaves cordate, acu-
minate, crenate-serrate, long-petioled ; flowers axillary and terminal, subgeminate with acces-
sory branches ■ the interior pedicel short, or (if this is abortive) the second elongated and
jointed above the middle, the accessory branch nearly equalling the leaf; calyx 5-fid mi-
nutely pubescent : lobes subulate, nearly equalling the orange-yellow petals; carpids 5 bi-
anstate, glabrous: the awns minutely hairy.— Cav. Piss. t. 2./. 4; Id Her. Stirp. t. 51 : a
form with the leaves emarginate at the tapering point.— S. arguta, Sw. ! S. truncata, L’Her.
6. emarginata W.— Stem erect, trailing ; leaves more hairy than the stem, with a long
tapering point ; calyx 3 long. — The down of the leaves is nowhere stellate ; but I possess
a pilose form from Bogota, in which there are minute stellate hairs on the stem, much ex-
ceeded by long, simple hairs.— Hab. Jamaica!, AL, March ; [Haiti, S. Eustache!, New
Granada!, Guayaquil!].

15. S. nervosa, PC. Suffrutescent, glandular and velvety, down stellate; leaves cor-
date pointed, crenate-serrate, velvety, chiefly beneath, long-petioled: petiole nearly equalling
the limb ; flowers axillary and terminal, several in the axil, with an accessory, exserted
nanch: pedicels elongated, jointed above the middle; calyx broadly 5- toothed , exceeded
/m !‘C Veljow petals : teeth 3-angular-subulate, half the length of the tube.; carpids 5,
shortly bidenlate.—S. glutinosa. Rich. Cub. — Stem erect; upper leaves reduced, and flowers
therefore arranged in a racemifonn panicle; calyx slightly pubescent, spreading, 2"' long.—
ab. Jamaica!, Macf., List., At., March, common; [Cuba!, Brazil!].

** Calyx-tube terete.

rlnh ° „S’ P^ramidata> Cav. Suffrutescent, glabrescent : down minute, stellate ; leaves cor-
iZirlZ ’ Cn:II;ltc-STnitc’ Klill)rous, large: petiole nearly equalling the limb ; flowers
1 e . primary branches racemose, partly axillary, secondary corymbose, 3-7 -flowered:

76

MALVACEiE.

pedicels jointed ; calyx 6 -fid, puberulous, half the length of the yellow petals : lubes shortly
subulate ; carpids 6-5, shortly bidentate, pubescent. — Cav. Biss. t. 1 ./ 12, t. 194./. 1. —
S. diunosa, Sw. ! Stem erect, high, slender ; leaves much larger than in all the preceding
species (3"-4" long, 3" broad) ; branches of the panicle spreading ; calyx 2"' long, at length
spreading: tube at length not angular. — IIabt Jamaica!, Wright, Macf., M'Nab, Wits.,
Al., March; [Cuba!, Haiti, Portorico].

17. S. paniculata, L. Suffrutescent, velvety ; down stellate ; leaves subcordate-ovate,
pointed, irregularly crenate-serrate : petiole shorter than the limb ; flowers paniculate or
axillary, racemose : primary branches racemose, secondary corymbose : pedicels usually capil-
lary, elongated, glabrous; calyx 5-fid, exceeded by the crimson petals: lobes rounded,
bluntish, puberulous ; carpids 5, shortly bidentate, glabresceut. — Cav. Biss. t. 1 ./. 7- t. 12.
f. 5 ; Jacq. Ic. Rar. t. 136 ; Kth. Nov. Qen. t. 473. — S. capillaris, Cav. S. atrosauguiuea,
Jacq. S. floribunda, Kth. — Stem erect, with a spreading panicle ; leaves 2" long, superior
decrescent ; calyx 1'" long, at length connivent, somewhat exceeded by the carpid-teeth :
tube terete. — Hab. Jamaica !, Pd., on calcareous rocks ; [Cuba, Mexico !, Venezuela I, New
Granada!, Guayaquil!, Peru!, Brazil!].

*** Calyx-tube ro-\Q-angutar : lobes large, deltoid.

18. S. cordifolia, L. Suffrutescent, velvety-tomentose : down stellate; leaves subcor-
date or cordate, pointed or blunt, crenate-serrate, long-petioled ; flowers mostly axillary:
solitary pedicels nearly equalling the petiole, usually with an accessory glomerule or branch
(or all flowers glomerate); calyx 1 0-angted at the tube, tomentose, 5-fid: lobes deltoid, at
length connivent; petals exserted, taicny-yellow ; carpids 10-12, truncate and hairy at the
top, either biaristate or bidentate. — Bill. Elth. t. 171; SI. t. 136./. 2; Cav. Biss. t. 3./.
2, 3, 6, 7, t. 13./. 1, t. 194./. 2. — S. althseifolia, Sw.l: the form with short carpid-awns.
S. multiflora, Cav. S. micans, Cav. S. rotundifolia, Cav. S. herbacea, Cav. — A widely
diffused and very variable species, easily distinguished by the 10 obtuse keels of the calyx-
tube, its size (4'" broad), and the velvety whitish tomentum of the whole plant. The varia-
bility affects chiefly the shape of the leaves (which however are not often deeply cordate),
the wool more or less tomentose, the accessory branches or flowers in the axils", and the deve-
lopment of the hairy carpid-awns.

[o. Carpid-awns elongated, exserted, with downward-pointing hairs. — This form is the
common East Indian one, but the same occurs in South America : Guiana !, Brazil ! : S. ha-
mulosa, Salzm.l, Peru!, and was found by Sieber in Martinique!, Eb. Martin. 170.)

/3. althceifolia, Sw.! Carpid-awns shorter than the carpid, or reduced so much as to
form small teeth on the angle of its truncate top. — S. truncata, Cav. S. mollis, Eb. BIcs.
— Prom the latter, bidentate form, which according to my materials is the commonest in the
West Indies, there is a gradual transition to S. althaifolia, Sw.

y. conferta, Lk. Blowers (by abortion of the longer pedicel) all glomerate ; carpids gla-
brous, shortly bidentate. — This is a Jamaica form : it has besides deeply cordate, pointleted,
less whitish leaves, and was considered by Dr. Alexander as a peculiar species, which however
among so many variations 1 do not venture to acknowledge as such. It may prove to be
identical with S. pel/ita, Kth. ‘

PIab. Jamaica! (fi aud 7), all collectors, common in dry pastures; Dominica, Bur.; S.
Lucia!, Anders.; [Cuba! aud Mexico to Brazil! and Peru!, Cape Verde Islands!, Niger!,
Nubia! (a), Port Natal!, Cape: S. velutina , B. Mey.l; East Indies!, Canton!].

Sect. 2. Steninda. — Calyx 'of id: tube subterete. Carpids bluntish, indehiscent.

— Blowers in terminal corymbs. Leaves quite entire.

19. S. lmifolia, Juss. Suffrutescent, hirsute (or glabrescent) : hairs chiefly simple ;
leaves linear, elongated, quite entire ; stipules setaceous, equalling the petiole ; corymbs lew-
flowered, terminal ; calyx-lobes deltoid, exceeded by the white petals ; carpids 5-8, edentate,
indehiscent.— Cav. Biss. t. 2./. 1. — Stem erect, virgate, usually branched above; leaves
2"-3" long, 2"'-3'" broad ; calyx 2"'-3"' long, cuptdate, at length connivent, including the
glabrous carpids. — IIab. Trinidad!, Cr. ; [Haiti!, Panama!, New Granada!, Guiana!,
Brazil!, Peru I, Niger!, Becjcc Islands!].

MALVACE2E.

77

Sect. 3. Wissada. — Calyx o-fld : tube terete. Carpids separated from the dehiscent bifid

beak by a transverse cal/ous ring. Seed pubescent above. — Panicle lax, terminal.

Leaves quite entire.

In a natural arrangement of the Malvacece, where the distinction of a uniovulate and plu-
riovulate ovary might be given up as generic characters, the species answering to the above
character were to be referred to Wissadula , as Planchon proposed indeed in the Hookerian
herbarium. But though the habit agrees exactly with that of Wissadula, that genus being
intermediate between Sida and Abutilon would then present no other character but the an-
nular ring or rudiment ol a transverse dissepiment in its carpids (more or less developed in
different forms), and it would perhaps not be advisable to consider this as a sufficient generic
character. I therefore still retain Wissada in Sida, several species of which it approaches in
habit, as for instance S. ulmifolia, Cav.

20. S. divergens, Benth. ! Suffrutescent, pubescent with stellate down ; leaves cor-
date, acuminate, quite entire, glabrous above, tomentose beneath, shortly petioled ; panicle
terminal, spreading ; branches distant, few-flowered : pedicels racemose, filiform, cernuous ;
calyx-lobes ovate, pointed ; petals yellow, twice the length of the calyx ; carpids 5, beaked :
beak bifid. S. periplocifolia, Macf. ! ( non alior. et exclus. synon.). — Stem erect, 3'-4' high •
leaves gradually tapering from the cordate base, bluntish at the top : length 2-3 times exceed-
ing their breadth ; calyx 1"' long ; hollow carpid-beak triangular, mucronate, half the length
ot the seminiferous cell : seed angular above, pubescent at the angles.— Hab. Jamaica 1,
Macf., JJist., Pd., Al., common in the Lowlands; [Guayaquil !].

6. ABUTILON, T.

Carpids 5, indefinite, 3-9-ovulate, dehiscent above by the ventral suture, or at the same
time by the dorsal line above or to the base. Radicle superior in the inferior seeds. — Invo-
lucel 0.

Sect. 1. Wissadula .— Carpids 5, biarticulated and constricted by a transverse callous
ring or incomplete dissepiment, not inflated, dehiscent above: upper portion (correspond-
mg with the hollow beak of Wissada) biovulate , lower uniovulate .

Presl, when restoring Medicus’s genus Wissadula, figured in his tables a complete dissepi-
ment, separating the upper carpid-cell from the lower one, but in his descriptive character he
mentions more correctly an incomplete septum, which is identical with the annular rings of
Wissada: thus a gradual passage exists from Abutilon to Sida by these sections, as to Gaya
by tne section of Gayopsis. J

21. A. periplocifolium, Cl. Don. Suffrutescent or shrubby, pubescent or glabrescent ;
leaves coi datc pomtleted or acuminate, quite entire or obsoletely erenate, usually glabrescent
above, and white with stellate down beneath ■, flowers paniculate : branches distant, spread-
mg terminated by few-flowered corymbs (or single-flowered), inferior axillary : pedicels1 elon-
gated jo.nted below the top; calyx small, 5-fid : lobes deltoid ; petals pale-yellow, 2-3 times

mnTlnteW1 ^ S , ’ dZerge,)t’ 0V0id’ constricted below the middle, pointed or
ucronate, 34 times exceeding the calyx ; seeds pubescent. — Bill. Etth. t. 3 • SI t 139

'fLC 5 tit 1 °'/' q 3 ; HnSr' Stlrp' L *' 58'~Skla, L- ■ ex. synon. Bill', Sw.',
met. Kin P/atTw- 7\ S: hernandioides, ESSr. S. heterosperma,

{ t 77’ IT Wi.siadula, eg. m PI. Abyss.). Wissadula excelsior, Prl.

o.; ’'tta> ,Abutdon Parvifloruin, St. HU. A. laxifiorum, Guillem. Perrot.—

j cm usually 6 10 high ; calyx 1 "-21" long.— The species is very variable : in the shape of
the leaves (deeply cordate-roundish, cordate-ovate, subcordate and tapering) the down the

defiant P All n vn°re °r 688 veVel°peTn n16 lun-th of t)lc carpid-pofnt, which sometimes is
in Other y PCC’menS have smaU fIowcrs> put if their size is subject to variation, as

t 59VTnf| ^://Te ™Sbt b« added, namely, Sida nudiflora, L’Her. ( . c.

shorter” dtcLs ’ V- ( SS‘ *■ 5‘ f> 4)- Iuciana> DC'> seems also to a form with

a. Leaves glabrous above, white beneath; carpids glabrescent.
white beneath”; ra'rpidt p“SeiTt!th m‘UUtC ^ ; leaVCS pubesccnt> greenish above,

78

MALVACE2E.

Hab. Jamaica!, Mac/., Al., March, in dry situations (confounded in Macfadyen’s Flora
with Sida divergent) ; Trinidad ! (0), Or. ; [Cuba I, New Granada !, Brazil !, from the Equator
to Minas Geraes, Peru, Cape Verde Islands!, Senegambia!, Nubia!, Abyssinia!].

Sect. 2. Anasida. — Carpids 5-10, not inflated nor constricted, hiroslratc, 2-3-sper-
mous, dehiscent between the bealcs and the dorsal line.

22. A. umbellatum, Sivt. Suffrutescent or shrubby, scabrous or pubescent with mi-
nute down ; leaves cordate-rounded, pointleted, crenate, often obsoletely 3-lobed ; pedicels
jointed near the top, umbellate or corymbose : peduncles axillary or racemose along the stein
and branches ; calyx pilose, 5-fid: lobes subulate; petals yellow, twice the length of the
calyx ; carpids 5, ovate, hirsute, nearly equalling the appressed calyx or shortly exserted,
twice as long as the double aristiflorm beak ; seeds muricate, glabrous. — Jacq. lit. Find.
1. t. 56; Cav. Diss. t. 6 ,f. 3, t. 129. /'. 2: probably by mistake, there are in this figure
ten styles, of which I never saw more than five. — -Sida, L. — An erect, branched herb or low
shrub ; calyx at length globose, 4'" diam., when in flower about 2'" long and 3"'-4'" broad.
— I-Iab. Jamaica !, Al. ; [S. Thomas !].

Sect. 3. Belcere. — Carpids 5-co , coriaceous, compressed, pointed or unirostrate or blunt

at the divergent apex, dehiscent along the ventral suture, and at length along the dorsal

line. — The carpid-beak may become divided by dorsal dehiscence, but is never bifid in the

early state, as in Anasida.

23. A. indicum, G. Don. Suflruticose or shrubby, velvety-tomentose, and usually
with a pilose down on the stem ; leaves cordate-rounded, pointed, unequally toothed ; pedi-
cels axillary, subsolitary, jointed below the top, nearly equalling the petiole; calyx 'b-fid:
lobes ovate, pointed: tube not plicate ; petals yellow, twice exceeding the calyx; carpids
12-30, mucronate, 3-9-seeded, equalling or shortly exceeding the excrescent calyx ; seeds
warty, glabrous. — Cav. Diss. t. 7 . f. 2, 5, 6, 10, l. 128. f. 1, 2, l. 129. f. 1. — Sida in-
dica, americana, asiatica, L. S. populifolia, hirta, Lam. S. pubescens, Cav. S. abutiloides,
Macf. ! ( non Jacq.). Abut, indicum, asiaticum, hirtum, G. Don. A. graveolens, W. Am. !
— Stem 2-10' high ; leaves white beneath with velvety down ; calyx 4'"-5'" long ; petals
orange-coloured, with a dark spot at the base. — This species is very variable : in the more
or less developed spreading hairs of the stem and petioles, the leaf-teeth (sometimes passing
into lobes), the rounded or more pointed top of the carpids, the length of their terminal
mucro (usually 1'" long), and the hairs covering them being short or elongated.

a. Carpids covered with short hairs, at length glabrescent.

13. asiaticum. Carpids hirsute. — Sida asiatica, L.

y. hirtum. Stem densely pilose. — Abut, hirtum, Gs. A. graveolens, IF. A.

Hab. Jamaica !, Dist., Bancr., Macf., Wils., common in dry situations (a, y) ; Antigua !,
Nichols. {0) ; Dominica !, Imr. (a) ; S. Vincent !, Guild. { a ) ; Barbadoes ! (a, P) ; Trinidad !,
Schach (a) ; [Cuba, Panama!; Niger, Nubia! to Mozambique!; East Indies!].

24. A. pedunculare, Kth. Suffruticose, velvety-tomentose, and with a pilose dowm
on the stem; leaves cordate-rounded, pointed, crenate; pedicels mostly axillary, jointed
below the top, exceeding or equalling the petiole; calyx deeply 5-fld: lobes subcordate and
reduplicative at the base, subulate, scarcely twice as long as the tube, which is plicate at (he
top of the sutures ; petals rose-coloured, not much exceeding the calyx : carpids 12-20,
shortly exceeding the calyx, villous, mucronate, 3-9-seedcd ; seeds warty and with scattered
down. — Sida, DC., Macf.! — Nearly allied to the preceding. Stem 2'-8' high; leaves
velvety on both sides, white beneath; calyx 6"'-8"' long; petals about 10"' long.— Hab.
Jamaica!, Bancr., Macf, Al,, March; [New Granada!, equatorial Brazil],

25. A. permolle, G. Don. Shrubby; leaves velvety, cordate-rounded, pointleted, cre-
nate ; flowers shortly racemose and axillary : pedicels jointed below the top, about twice the
length of the flower ; calyx deeply 5-fid, and at length 5 -partite: lobes ovate, at length sub-
cordate, pointed : tube not plicate ; petals yellow, twice the length of the calyx ; carpids
7-10 shortly exceeding the calyx, villous, pointed, and mucronate, 3-sceded ; seeds warty,
qlabrous. — Sida, IF. — Leaves velvety on both sides, whitish beneath, those of the inflores-
cence mostly reduced; pedicels 6"'-8'" long ; calyx, when flowering, 3"'-4'"long; petals 6"'-8"'
long - carpids 4'"-5'" long.— IIab. Bahama Islands!, Swains.; [Cuba!, Southern Florida].

MALVACE2E.

79

26. A. leiospermum, Gr. Suffrutescent, velvety with very minute down ; leaves
cordate-rounded, pointed, unequally toothed or subtrilobed; pedicels axillary, solitary, jointed
below the top, equalling or exceeding the petiole ; calyx rt-Jid, and at length deeply 5-fid:
lobes ovate, pointleted, equalling the tube, anjl at length subcordate, then twice the length
of the tube , which is not plicate ; petals yellow, scarcely twice exceeding the calyx ; carpids
12-20, twice the length of the calyx, villous, cuspidate, 3-secded; seeds polished, glabrous.
Cav. Biss. t. 14. f. 3. — Sida vesicaria, Cav. exclus. descript, fruct. : his figure represents
exactly the habit of our plant (only the carpids are less pointleted), but his name is inappli-
cable, the carpids being formed as in A. indicant. — Leaves thin, scabrous, and pale-green
above, glaucous-white beneath ; calyx 4W— 5'" long ; petals variable in size, usually Q111-’]111
long; carpids 8"' long. — Hab. Jamaica !, March.

A. lignosum, Rich., is a nearly related species, stated to grow in Jamaica by Linnseus, but
in later times only observed in Haiti and Cuba. From its figures it seems to be distinguished
by a 5-partite calyx, with the segments broadly cordate, and, according to Richard’s descrip-
tion, by warty seeds ; its synonyms are Lavatera americana, L. ; Sida abutiloides, Jacq.
(Obs. 1. t. 7) ; S. lignosa, Cav. (Diss. t. 6. f. 2) ; S. tricuspidata, Cav. lib. f. 5) ; and S.
crassifolia, L’Her. (Stirp. t. 60).

27. A. elatum, Gr. Shrubby, velvety-tomentose ; leaves cordate-rounded, pointleted,
crenate ; flowers paniculate : inferior peduncles divided above, 3-7-flowered, lowest axillary,
superior ones and pedicels racemose, jointed near the middle; calyx 5 -partite: segments
ovate, pointed ; petals orange-yellow, subreflexed, twice as long as the calyx ; carpids 8-10,
almost twice the length of the calyx, villous, cuspidate or pointed, 3-secded; seeds polished,
with a scattered down. Sida, Macf. ! — A shrub, &— 12' high ; leaves green above, white
beneath ; panicle spreading, pyramidal ; calyx 3"'-4'" long ; petals and carpids 6'" long.—
Hab. Jamaica!, Macf, Pd., JFils., in the south-eastern district of S. David’s.

Sect. 4. Anodopsis. — Carpids 5-12, membranaceous, subinflated, birostrate,
bivalved to the base. Leaves usually 3-5 -fid.

The character is taken from Sida vitifolia, Cav., as I have not seen the fruit of the
Jamaica species, which however is related in habit.

2S . A. striatum, Biclcs. Shrubby, glabrous; leaves 3-fid, serrate above the cor-
date base: lobes pointed; pedicels axillary, solitary, not jointed, nearly equalling the leaf-
calyx deeply 5-fid : lobes ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, twice the length of the tube ; petals
orange-yellow and streaked with red, twice exceeding the calyx, and exceeded by the styles •
carpids 8 . ■ ■-Vescr. in Bot. Reg. Misc. 25. p. 39.— Calyx 8'" long.— Hab. Naturalized in
Jamaica!, March ; [introduced from Brazil],

Sect. 5. Gavopsis .-—Carpids 12-20, membranaceous, inflated, rounded at the top, tardily
separating and bivalved to the base, 4-5 -seeded, or by abortion 1 -seeded.

Gaya , which this section approaches, is distinguished by the artificial character of uniovu-
lar6 carpels, by their earlier separation, and by the free appendage in their cavity, which
Fresl compared erroneously with the spurious dissepiment of Wissadula, but which, as it
proceeds from the carpid-base and developes a series of spinules on the outer margin analo-
gous to the sutural ones of A. enspum), seems nothing but the suture itself, becoming
loosened by the formation of juxtasutural dehiscence. The West Indian Gaya has not yet
icon observed in the British Islands : this species is variable in the form of its leaves, and
several synonyms must be reduced to it :

[Gaya occidentals Gr Carpids about 30.-BM. Pith. t. 6; Plum. t. 2; Cav. Biss. t.

Rich p V I ^ Havanensls)- s. spicata, Cav. Gaya affiuis,

inch, tub.— Cuba!, Haiti, S. Barthelemi ; Quito!]

nointieWl' cr'Bp'llnj G% Pon- Suffrutescent, branched, velvety ; leaves cordate-roundish,
near v 7n ’ 1? 1°’ fT^T Pediccls solitary, jointed below the top,

the ilvi 1 l"g.lhc d®eP1y 5‘f'd : lobes ovate, pointed ; petals whitish, exceeding

t 2=5 yp ’ carPlds :lbouf 12 > sceds polished, obsolctely puberulous. — Bill. Pith. t. 5 : Plum.

Urdia’ As- Gr- Gen- Kor. Amer. t. 126,-Sida, L. Bas-

tarrtia, St. 7W.— Calyx 2'", petals 3'''-4"', carpids 4'"-6'" long.

80

MALVACEAE.

a. Carpids (6"' long) 3 (-l)-secded, with minute scattered down, and longer, spreading, sub-
spiucscent hairs, chiefly on the sutures.

/3. imberbe. Carpids (4"' long) 4-3-seeded, pnbcrulous, but without spiucscent hairs. —
Rich. Cub. t. 17. — Sida imberbis, DC. Abutilon trichodum, Rich.

Hab. S. Vincent!, Guild.-, [New Mexico, Texas!, Cuba! and Mexico! to Venezuela!,
East Indies!].

Sida Jiliformis, Jacq., of Martinique, is, according to its author, a distinct species, with
inflated carpids, distinguished by its herbaceous, procumbent stem, and yellow flowers. It
seems not to have been observed since, and Jacquin’s description has been overlooked by sub-
quent authors.

7. BASTARDIA, Kill.

Carpids 5-oo , uuiovulate, not separating from each other, loculicidal to the base : valves
chartaceous. Radicle superior.— Involucel 0.

30. B. viscosa, Kill. Suffruticose, glandular and tomentose; leaves cordate, pointed,
minutely toothed ; pedicels axillary, nearly equalling the petiole; calyx 5-fid: lobes ovate,
pointed-, petals yellow, small; capsule exceeding the calyx, 5(-8)-ceiled, angular, rounded-
umbilicate, erostrate ; seed pubescent. — SI. t. 139. /. 4 ; L Her. Stirp. t. 53 bis ; Gav. Diss.
t. 196./. 1.— Sida, L. S. feetida, Cav. S. retrofracta, DC. — Calyx 2'" long, usually half
as long as the petals. The leaves are variable in size, and in the length of the petiole, the
pedicels either capillary or shortened, the calyx -lobes as long or longer than the tube.

a. Pedicels capillary, equalling the elongated petiole.

/3. parvifolia, Kth.' Pedicels about the length of the capsule; leaves small. Kin. Aov.
Gen. t. 472. — Sida Bastardia, DC.

IIab. Jamaica 1, Al., M‘Nab, to Trinidad!, Lockh., Cr.; [Cuba! to Brazil and PernJ.

31. B. bivalvis, Kth. Suffruticose, glandular and pubescent; leaves cordate, point-
leted, crenate ; pedicels axillary, equalling the calyx, much shorter than the petiole ; calyx
5-partite : segments subulate, mucronate ; petals yellow ; capsule included within the calyx,
5-celled subglobose : valves birostrate, convex on the back ; seed with a scattered, minute
down.— Cav. Diss. t. 11./. 3.— Sida, Cav. S. viscosa, Macf. ( non L.).— Calyx 3, petals
4'" long ; carpid-beaks almost half the length of the cells.— Hab. Jamaica !, AL, Wils., near
Kingston, S. Davids ; [Haiti].

Tribe II. URENEjE. — Carpels half as many as the stigmas, uniovulate. Radicle infe-
rior. Column usually 'o-toothed at the summit.

8. MALACI1RA, L.

Carpids 5, dry, at length separating from each other: style 10-fid. Involucel : 0— Suffru-
tescent, usually hispid herbs; leaves toothed, often palmahlobed, those of the involucre
cordate or subulate, usually with a white spot at the base: stipules setaceous; flowers glo-
merate; flower-heads axillary, surrounded by a stipidate involucre-, stamens about 20.

32 M capitata, L. Hispid; leaves roundish ; flower-heads pedunclcd (sometimes
QiiwUileV calvx 5-fid, at length 5-partite: lobes subulate ; petals yellow (or white), 2-8
times the length of the calyx ; carpids glabrate, half the length of the calyx, the points of
which are then linear and erect .—•%». *» Act- Cpsal. 1743, t. 42.— \ anable in the size of
the flower, the division of the antheriferous column, the carpids more or less com ex on the
back, their minute down either early disappearing, or persistent, and in the leaves entire or

S°7 Flower-heads shortly peduncled or subsessile ; petals twice the length of the calyx ;

calyx ; several anthers separating from the sides of the column ; carpids pubcrulou^-^.
Ic \ar. t. 549 ; SI. t. 137 ./. 1 ; Cav. Diss. t. 33./. \ , Schrank, Ht. Monac. t. 06. - .

canitata Cav. et Rich. Cub. M. rotundifoha, Schrk— Stem 6 high.

t albiflora Mower- heads pedunclcd; petals white, twice the length of the calyx , an-
* „n nonroximate- carpids1 puberulous. — IIab. Jamaica!, all collectors, moist places;
JSAKSSff [Cuba 1 and Mexico . to Ml I aad Ne.v Or.u.da !, Cugo],

MALVACEAE.

81

33. M. palmata, Mch. Usually hispid; leaves roundish (lobed or entire) ; flower-heads
peduncled ; calyx 5-lid or dec])ly 5 -fid : lobes ovale-lanceolate ; petals yellow, twice the length
ol the calyx ; carpids glabrate , nearly equalling the comment calyx. — PC. in Mem. Geneve ,
1832, t. 5— M. triloba, Desf. — This species is usually confounded with the preceding, and
cannot be distinguished by the leaves ; the calyx however not terminated abruptly with an
elongated, liuear, or setaceous point, but gradually tapering and equalling the ii'uit, seems to
present a specific character, though the habit be identical— Hab. Trinidad!, Cr.; [Cuba!].

34. M. ureas, Poit., Ledeb. ( a . 1805). Hispid; leaves ovate, bluntish, serrate-
toothed, entire ; flower-heads sessile ; calyx deeply 5-fid : lobes lanceolate or ovate-lanceo-

ate ; petals . . ., twice the length of the calyx ; carpids villous, very convex on the back,
half exceeded by the linear erect points of the calyx. — M. ciliata, Pair. (1813), ex descript.
Kick Cub. Richard describes the petals as purple, and so they are in the dried state in
most ol my specimens ; but Air. Wilson sent others with petals which had dried yellow, yet
quite agreeing in all other characters. The species is easily recognized by the spreading,
dense carpid-down, which however sometimes disappears with age. Stem 4'-6' high — Hab
Jamaica!, Pd., Wils., in waste grounds; [Cuba! to S. Thomas!].

•mi M‘ fndiata’ L\ HisPid with l°ng, stinging hairs ; leaves mostly 2,-fid to the
middle : middle lobe and uppermost leaves oblong, pointed (or ovate) ; flower-heads usually
peduncled (or with accessory sessile ones) ; calyx deeply 5-fid : lobes lanceolate ; petals purplish-
white .twice the length of the calyx ; carpids glabrous, half exceeded by the calyx.— Cav.
JJiss l. 66.fi 3 — Involucre narrower, and with the basilar, reticulated, white spot less deve-
Xl rU m 6 0th5 S1)ecif ; ?,tcm MSher> 6'-9' high, very hispid, and “admirably

r£ t m m c/brr/ant (rz&)--HAB- Jamaica!, Diet., Wils.; S. Vincent!,
Guild.; Trinidad!, Sc hack, Cr., common; [Panama!, Venezuela!, Guiana!].

9. URENA, L.

Carpids 5 dry, glochidiate, at length separating from each other : style 10-fid Calvx-
lobes ^alternate, with a 5-partite, persistent involucel.— Suffi-uticose or shrubby plants • leaves

tary!LdZry led imeath *"** 1-3 slit 9lands on the 6^e of the nerves; flowers subso/i-

36. U. lobata, L. Leaves either trifid above the middle, or with obsolete lobes and
entwe glaucous-pubescent beneath : lobes ovate or oblong, minutely serrate • slit elands

•>. • I’et"Is Vm. Aw. /. if E.V“ ^ 271

Petals 6 8 long, three times exceeding the calyx.

cen“-SCX;L; ? ??fts exceeding more or l|ss the calyx; carpids pubes-

TT , : 1,83/ 2; t‘ 184-/- 1— U. reticulata, Cav., Macf. U viminca Cav

U Swartzu, Rich. Cub. {non PC.). U. microcarpa, PC. 7 Lav‘

U sinuate Sw r^^T161148- the calyx; cai-phls tomentose.-

. smuafa, Sw. Ohs. {non L ). U. amencana, Sin. U. ribesia, Sm.

N™; Jamalca.-> VisL, A /., March, common in dry hill-pastures ; S. Kitts! Antigua'

WAfr&SUt LTSiSri ggflSj.' CGn“*' B“il!':

2~f t® crmi“'cd br %»<• u. switeit MhfX irti'cf-pctaifS"

10. PAVONIA, Cav.

byStl'Luf tiEteSSLngf fl'°m efC!1,0ther : Stylc 10(~8)-fif1' CahJ* suri'oundcd
ot 5 lo uthei distinct or united leaves.— Shrubs or sulfruticose plants.

^enlirlcd 'nln-nrJ7 Invo}*ceL 10-1 heaved: leaves distinct from each other, filife
Flowers £S ml™le UmL . ^pids dehiscent along the do/sa

^ ™ J uo tree iup 10 a

' l0wcrs Klo»ieratc : flower-heads axillary, involucre!

This section was created by Presl upon several species, which he referred to Malachra {M.

‘ along \
Leaves dotted.

_ °orm,- and
dorsal line. —

82

MALVACEAE.

ovata, urticifolia, and trinervis, cj.) ; it is however distinguished from the latter genus by
the involucel, the dorsal dehiscence of the carpids, and the habit of Pavonia,.

38. P . bracteosa, Benth. Shrubby, tomentose ; leaves cordate-roundish, irregularly
crenate-toothcd, whitish beneath ; Jlower-hcads axillary , peduncled, encircled by roundish,
involucral leaves; involucel 10-12-leaved: leaves nearly equalling the calyx, with a minute,
oblong-lauceolate, subpeltate limb ; petals . . ., twice exceeding the calyx ; carpids glabrous,
obovate, incurved at the top, convex and keeled on the back, erostrate. — Malachra trinervis,
Prl. — Petals 6"' long; carpids 1"' long and broad. — HaIs. Trinidad !, (Jr., at Cocarite;
[Guiana, Ceara, Bahia],

Sect. 2. Typhalea. — Involucel 'a-Vo-fid. Carpids dehiscent along the ventral ( or at length

also along the dorsal ) line, and without a central torus. — Leaves scabrous with pellucid

dots ; flowers fascicled : fascicle involucred.

39. P. typhalea, Cav. (Dies. 2. non 6). Suffrutescent ; leaves oblong, serrate; fascicles
terminal and axillary : peduncles distant, inferior elongated, superior decrescent, leafless :
pedicels nearly the length of the involucel ; involucel deeply 5-8-fid : lobes lanceolate,
acuminate, somewhat exceeding the calyx ; petals white; carpids glabrous, convex on the
back, triaristate : awns terminal, distant from each other, retrorsely barbed, scarcely half
the length of the carpid. — Urena, L. (ex. synon. P. Br.) et Sw. — Petals 5"'-6'" long, twice
the length of the calyx ; carpids (without the awns) 3"' long. — The section Typhalea con-
tains a series of nearly allied and variable species, the synonymy of which is not to be made
out without the original specimens of the authors, who in then- descriptions have neglected
the specific characters observable in the fruit. The present species, confounded by Cava-
nilles with P. typhaleoicles, Kth., is chiefly to be recognized by the small carpids, and by
the infraterminal, short-pedimcled, few or 1-flowered fascicles ; the shape of the leaves, the
proportion of the involucel to the calyx, and the length of the carpid-awns are subject to
variation. — Hab. Jamaica 1, Pd., Bancr., Al., common in moist woods; [Portoricol; Pa-
nama 1, Venezuela !].

40. P. typlialeoides, Kth. Suffrutescent or shrubby ; leaves elliptical or oblong, cre-
nate-serrate ; fascicles terminal, subsolitary: pedicels half the length of the involucel; invo-
lucel deeply h-fld: lobes ovate and subulate, half as long again as the calyx; petals
“ yellow ” (Cav.) ; carpids glabrous, convex on the back, triaristate : awns terminal, approxi-
mate to each other, retrorsely barbed : the middle one longer, and at least as long as the
carpid. — Cav. Biss. t. 197-— P. typhalea posterior, Cav. (Biss. 6 . p. 350). P. surinainensis,
Miq. — Petals about 8"' long, twice the length of the calyx ; carpids (without the awns) 4"'
long. — PIab. Trinidad!, Or. ; [Panama!, New Granada!, Venezuela!, Brazil!].

41. P. castaneifolia, St. Hi/., Naud. (Anti. Sc. Nat. II. 18. p. 44). Suffrutescent (?) ;
leaves elliptical-lanceolate, acuminate at both ends, irregularly toothed-serrate ; fascicles ter-

■ minal, solitary: pedicels half the length of the involucel; involucel 9-14 -fid: lobes lanceo-
late, acumiuate, at least three times as long as the calyx ; petals . . . ; carpids oblong, glabrous,
flat and keeled on the back, triaristate : awns terminal, distant from each other, and some-
what divergent, retrorsely barbed, the middle one longer, and as long as the carpid. — Carpids
4-2-'" long. — Hab. Trinidad!, Cr., near Tamanaeo and. Arena ; [Brazil],

Sect. 3. Eupavonia. — Involucel 5-15 -leaved. Carpids indeliiscent. — Flowers

solitary, racemose, or corymbose.

42. P. spinifex, Cav. Shrubby; leaves subcordate, serrate, with a scattered stellate
down ; peduncles axillary, 1-flowered ; involucel-leaves distinct, 6-8, oblong-linear, equal-
ling the calyx ; petals yellow, 2-3 times exceeding the calyx, and exceeded by the column ;
carpids glabrous, trispinose : spines still’, of equal length, divergent, retrorsely barbed: one
infraterminal, two inserted to the middle of the margin. — Jacq. Amer. Piet. t. 185 ; Cav.
Biss. t. 45./. 2, 3. — Hibiscus, L. Pav. aristata, Cav. — A shrub, 5'-15' high, variable in
the shape and down of leaves; petals 12'" long. — Hab. Jamaica!, Macf, Bist., Pd., Al.,
March, sparingly in the limestone districts; S. Kitts!, Antigua!, Nichols.; S. Lucia!,
Anders.; [Cuba!; Panama 1 to Peru ! and Brazil !].

43. P. microphylla, Casar. Shrubby; leaves small (4"'-6"' long), roundish or oval-

MALVACEAE.

83

oblong, with a few coarse serratures; peduncles axillary, solitary, much exceeding the leaf;
involucel-/ eaves distinct, 11-12, linear-filiform, 2-3 times exceeding the calyx ; petals
reddish-yellow, exceeding the column; carpids trirostrate : beaks short, retrorseiy barbed,
divergent— A low shrub, 2'-3' high ; petals 8"'-10'" long.— Hab. S. Vincent !, Guild. ;
[Bahia!].

44. P. racemosa, Sw. Shrubby, scabrous; leaves cordate, pointleted, subentire or
obsoletely serrate ; flowers in a terminal raceme; involucel-leaves 6-8, somewhat convex
at the base, oblong-lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate, subexceeded by or equalling the calyx ;
petals greenish-yellow, twice exceeding the calyx, and including the column ; carpids keeled
aud marginate, glabrous, birostrate : beaks very short, bluntish, erect, distant, glabrous, ter-
minating the margin. — SI. t. 139./. 2; Cav. Diss. t. 46./. 1.— P. spicata, Cav.—A shrub,
3-16' high: roots elongated; petals 8'" long; carpids 4'" long, 3"' broad at the top —
Hab. Jamaica!, Macf., M'Nab, Pd., Al., March, Wils., in seashore marshes and lagoons,
among Rhizophoras ; Antigua!, Nichols., S. Lucia \, Anders.; Trinidad!, Cr. ; [Cuba! to
Brazil !, and Ecuador ! to Peru !].

45. P. corymbosa, TF. Sutfrutescent or shrubby; leaves 3-5-fid or ovate (truncate or
cordate at the base), pointed, coarsely serrate, glabrous or pubescent beneath; flowers in
terminal and axillary compound corymbs; involucel-leaves distinct, 10-12, linear, pointed,
pdosc, twice exceeding the calyx and nearly equalling the corolla ; petals yellow, ’including
the column ; carpids roundish, bluntish, erostrate, marginate, scabrous.—' Althtea, Am;.— Stem
1-2 high, hairy; petals 6"'-8'" long; carpids IV" long, 1'" broad— Hab. Jamaica (Sw.),
on river-banks; [Haiti, Guadeloupe!, Venezuela],

11. MALVAVISCUS, Dill.

Carpids 5, combined into a baccate pericarp : style 10-fid. Calyx surrounded by a 7-12-
leaved mvolucel. Petals convolute at the base, auriculate on one side.— Shrubs or trees ivith
axillary pedicels ; leaves dotted.

46 M. arboreus, Cav. (exclus. synon. Dillen). Leaves cordate, longer than broad
crenate or subentire (sometimes obsoletely 3-lobed) ; involucel-leaves 7-9, linear ; column
twice as long as the red corolla; berry “ yellow.” — SI. t. 136./ 1.— Achania malvaviscus
bio. 1 cannot find any specific character to separate the variable forms of the West Indiau
species, from which M. mollis, DC., of Mexico (often confounded with the same), is distin-
guished by the leaves as broad as long, the column shortly exserted, and “the berrv red”
Hibiscus Malvaviscus, L., is a mixture of both ; for Sloane’s, P. Brown’s and Plunder's
synonym belong to the former, those of Dillcuius and Plukenet to the latter species.

a. branches and petioles hany ; leaves pointleted, with a scattered down ; involucel erect
somewhat exceeding the calyx ; petals long. ’

unt ®ranch.es and l>etioles vm°us“ leaves pointed and bluntish at the top

with tufts of villous hairs in the axils of the vems beneath; involucel ciliate, spreading or
lcflexed at the top, nearly equalling the calyx; petals 10"'-12'" long.— Desc. FI 6 t 383
— M. pilosus, Macf. ( exclus. synon. Sw.). b

SaM?a™f*> Rich. Branches glabrate; petioles with aIipressed down; leaves pointed
fclal^atc; invoked suberect, nearly equalling the calyx; petals 8'"-10'" long. — Rush. Cub.
c. 14. A toira ol this from the Bahamas is quite glabrous.

[cStu7)7Eicoaf].C°UeCt0rS3 iU W°°dS; intlle momltains ; Buftamas !, Swains, (y) ;

1’ribe III. HI BIS CEJE. Carpels as many as the stigmas, usually loculicidal and
combined into a capsule. Column 5- toothed at the summit.

12. KOSTELETZKYA, Prl.

Capsule depressed, 5 -locular, loculicidal: cells

Calyx surrounded by an involucel.
1 -seeded.

mi L bo:nP ^SPerma’ ?r' 7erubace°US °r ^^ftesoent, hispid; leaves deltoid, acu-
lan i-fiowered 7 /°r ,7®’ ^regularly toothed (or sublobatc) ; pedicels axil-

seticeous excSw W (so“etun,es quailing the leaf); involucel-leaves 8,
’ ed by the 5-fid calyx ; petals yellow (or white), thro® times as long as the

g 2

84

MALVACE2E.

calyx; capsule exsertcd, puberulous, 5-kceled: keels acute, ciliatc-hispid ; seeds minutely
puberulous. — Hibiscus, Berler. — Petals 5"'-6'"loug; capsule 5"' broad.— Hab. Jamaica!,
List., Pd., March, near the coast; [Mexico!, Guayaquil!].

13. ABELMOSCHUS, Med.

Calyx spathaceous, surrounded by a 5-10-leaved, often caducous, involucel. Capsule
elongated, 5 -locular, loculicidal : cells many-seeded.

48 - A. moscliatus, Mch. SufTruticose, hispid; leaves hastate, irregularly toothed
(often with accessory lobes at the base) ; pedicels axillary, nearly equalling the petiole ; invo-
lucel-leaves 6-10, linear, subpersistent, three times exceeded by the calyx ; petals yellow, with
crimson claws, three times exceeding the calyx; capsule obloiig-lanceolate, hairy; seeds gla-
brous, striate. — Cav. Diss. t. 63. f 2; Lesc. FI. 5. t. 361— Hibiscus Abelmoschus, L. — •
Petals 2 4 "-3" loug; capsule U"-2" long.— Hab. Naturalized in Jamaica ( Mac /.), the
Caribbean Islands ; [and in all tropical countries ; said to be spontaneous in Guiana !, aud
Central America!].

49. A. esculentus, IF. A. Plerbaceous, hairy; leaves b-lobed, irregularly serrate;
pedicels axillary, shorter than the petiole ; involucel-leaves 9-12, linear, caducous; petals
yellow, with reddish claws, twice exceeding the calyx ; capsule oblong-lanceolate, hairy, and
with bristles; seeds somewhat hairy, substriate. — Cav. Liss. t. 61./. 2; 'Pass. FI. 1. t. 10;
Lesc. Ft. 4. t. 269. — Hibiscus, L. — Petals H"-2" long; capsule usually 3" long.— Hab.
Caribbean Islands ( Jacq .), e.g. Barbadoes ( Hughes ) ; [Guiana 1, and naturalized iu all tropical
countries].

14. HIBISCUS, L.

Calyx 5-fid or 5-toothed, surrounded by an involucel. Capsule 5-locular, loculicidal:
cells many-seeded.

Sect. 1. Tiuonastrum. — Involucel-leaves distinct, enlarged at the top. Calyx
b-fid, ventricose. Seeds glabrous.

50. H. sororius, L. Shrubby, puberulous with oppressed down; leaves cordate,
bluntish, crenate; pedicels axillary, jointed, nearly equalliug the leaf; involucel-leaves 7-10,
distinct, cylindrical, enlarged at the toy into a reniform limb, twice exceeded by the calyx ;
calyx 5-fid, ventricose, twice exceeded by the corolla : lobes ovate, bluntish, eglandulose ;
petals rose-coloured, spreading ; capsule ovoid-globose, pilose, included within the excrescent
calyx; seeds glabrous, obsoletely muricate. — Corolla 12'", capsule 10'" long. — Hab. Carib-
bean Islands; [Guadeloupe!, Guiana!].

Sect. 2. Purcabia. — Involucel-leaves distinct, usually enlarged into a bifurcate limb.

Calyx b-fid , appressed to the capsule, with the lobes bearing a large gland on the outside

of the ■midrib. Seeds glabrous.

51. S3, bifurcatus, Cav. Shrubby, muricate, and scabrous; leaves 3-5-lobed or has-
tate, irregularly serrate ; pedicels axillary, jointed, exceeded by or equalling the petiole ; in-
volucel-leaves 10-12, distinct, linear, bifurcate at the top, equalling or exceeding the calyx ;
calyx 5-fid, hispid, 4-6 times exceeded by the corolla : lobes ovate, acuminate, 3-nerved,
glauduliferous on the back ; petals purple, spreading-erect ; capsule ovoid, pilose, equalling
the calyx; seeds glabrous, obsoletely muricate. — Cav. Liss. t. 51./. 1. — H. bicornis, Mey.l
— Corolla 3", capsule 10'" long. — Hab. Jamaica!, Macf., in bogs near the seashore;
[Guadeloupe!, Panama!, Guiana!, Brazil !].

Sect. 3. Ketmia. — Involucel-leaves simple. Calyx appressed to the capsule.

Seeds glabrous or pubescent, but without cotton-hairs.

52. H. tulipiflorus, Eoolc.l Arboreous, pubescent with appressed down ; leaves cor-
date-rounded, irregularly crenate ; pedicels axillary, equalling the petiole ; involucel-leaves
7-8, distinct, ovate-lanceolate, spreading, twice exceeded by the calyx; calyx 5-fid or at
length deeply 5-iid, twice exceeded by the corolla: lobes ovate, pointed, 3-nerved; petals
yellow, velvety on the back, spreading, obovate-oblong ; capsule... — Ilook. Ic. t. 707. —
A high tree; corolla 2,,-2\"f long. — IIab. Dominical, Imr., iu mountain woods; [Guade-
loupe !].

MALVACEJ2.

85

53. H. clypeatus, L. Shrubby, velvety; leaves cordate, angular-subtrilobed, minutely
toothed; pedicels axillary, infraterminal; involucel Q-ll-partile : segments linear-lanceolate,
exceeded by the calyx; calyx 5-fid, nearly twee exceeded by the corolla: lobes larg c,folia-
ceous, ovate, pointed, 5-nerved; petals reddish-yellow, velvety on tlie back , spreading-erect,
partly reflexed, somewhat unequal, oblong; capsule “roundish-truncate, hirsute;” seeds
“ glabrous.” — SI. t. 135./. 1 ; Cav. Biss. t. 58./. 1; Besc. FI. 7. t. 517.— A shrub, 6'-12'
high; corolla 2}"-2" long. — Hab. Jamaica!, Mac/., March, among seashore shrubs.

54. H. trilobus, Cav. Shrubby; branches aculeate; leaves 3(-5)-lobed or hastate,
serrate, pubescent orglabrate; pedicels axillary and infraterminal; involucel-leaves 9-11,
distinct, linear, exceeded by the calyx; calyx 5-toothed or 5-fid, four times exceeded by the
corolla : lobes broadly ovate, pointed, 5-nerved and striate; petals red, glabrous, spreading
or reflexed, obovate ; capsule “ovoid, hispid, included within the enlarged calyx;” seeds. . .
—Plum. t. 159./. 1; Cav. Biss. t. 53./. 2; Jacq. Ic. Par. t. 550; Puss. FI. 3. t. 31;
Besc. FI. 6. t. 381, 7- t. 528. — H. domingensis, Jacq. .- a form with violet petals and 3-5-
lobed leaves. H. aquaticus, Tuss. .- a form with crimson petals.— Corolla 3", capsule 2"
long. — The Trinidad form, by its hastate leaves, the 5-fid striate calyx, and narrower petals,
approaches II. striatus, Cav. (1. c. t. 54. f. 1), which however by Willdenow was reduced to
the Haiti species. — Hab. Jamaica!, Bist., in bogs; Trinidad !, Cr., in savannahs; [Haiti],

55*. H. vitifolius, I. Herbaceous, velvety; leaves cordate-rounded, angular, with
3-5 short lobes, toothed ; pedicels axillary and infraterminal, jointed ; involucel-leaves 10-12,
distinct, filiform, exceeded by the calyx ; calyx 5-fid, 3-4 times exceeded by the corolla : lobes
ovate, pointed, 5-nerved; petals yellow, with a large purple spot at the base, glabrous, spread-
ing, obovate; capsule globose, 5 -winged, pilose, exceeded by the enlarged calyx ; seeds obso-
letely tubercled with scattered minute down. — Cav. Biss. t. 58./. 2. — Petals 2i" long; cap-
sule 6'" diam. — Hab. Naturalized in Jamaica!, March; Dominica!, Imr. ; S. Vincent!,
Anders.; [introduced from the East Indies !].

Other species of Ketmia, cultivated in Jamaica and the Caribbean Islands, are II. lunari-
fiolius, W. ; II mutabilis, L. (Desc. FI. 4. t. 270) ; II. cannabinus, L. : two forms, one witli
the petals yellow and reddish at the base, the other purple-flowered ; II. Rosa-sinensis, L. ;
H. Sabdarifa, L. (Desc. FI. 1. t. 31) ; and H. fragilis, DC.

Sect. 4. Bojibiceela. — Involucel-leaves distinct, simple. Calyx oppressed to
the capsule. Seeds covered with cotton-like wool.

56. H . phoeniceus, Jacq. ( non Cav.) Shrubby, glabrous ; leaves deltoid, acuminate,
coarsely crenate-serrate (sometimes slightly lobed) ; pedicels axillary, exceeding the leaf’
jointed about the middle ; involucel-leaves 9-10, distinct, linear, equalling or exceeding the
calyx ; calyx 5-fid, twice exceeded by the corolla : lobes ovate, pointed ; petals violet-crim-
son, spreading, obovate ; capsule ovoid-globose, hairy, equalling the calyx ; seeds bearing
whitish cotton-wool— Jacq. H. Vind. 7. 1. 14; Cav. Biss. t. 67./. 3 ; Besc. FI. 6. t. 382.—
II. hu-tus, Cav. {non L.). II. uuilateralis, Cav. II. Bancroftiauus, Ham. ! '{non Macf)—K
shrub, about 5' high ; petals 6"'-8"', capsule 4"' long. The unilateral anthers afford no con-
stant character of this species.— Hab. Jamaica!, March; S. Kitts!, Antigua!, Nichols. ■

S. Vincent!, Guild.; [Haiti!, Venezuela].

,0^- Bancroftianus, Macf.l Shrubby, pubescent; leaves deltoid or cordate,
pointed or bluntish, coarsely crenate-serrate (or slightly 3-lobed) ; pedicels axillary nearly
equalling the leaf, cernuous, jointed above the middle ; involucel-leaves 9-10, distinct, liuear-
spathulate, pointed, somewhat exceeded by or equalling the calyx ; calyx 5-fid, 2k times ex-
ceeded by the corolla: lobes ovate, pointed; petals crimson, convolute at the base, erect
and spreading above obovate-oblong, exceeded by the column ; capsule ovoid, hairv, a little
exceeded by or equalling the calyx; seeds bearing white cotton-wool. — Rich. Cub'. 1. 16. —
Achania pilosa, & w ! (Malvaviscus, BC.). Hibise. Macleyanus, Bauer . ! 1 1. truncates, Rich. !
C««.—A shrub, like the preceding; corolla 14'", capsule 5'" long.— Had. Jamaica!, Mac/'.,
isaacr., At., March, among shrubs, in the district of S. Aim's, e.g. near Moneague ; [Cuba-!].

15. GOSSYPIUM, Z.

Calyx shortly 5-toothed, exceeded by a tripartite involucel. Capsule 3-5-locnlar, loculi-

so

MALVACE2E.

cidal at the top : cells many-seeded, bearing cotton. — Segments of the involucel cordate, and
usually cut.

58. G. barbadense, L. Suffrutescent or shrubby ; branches and petioles bearing black
dots ; leaves mostly glabrous ; involucel-scgments cordate-acuminate, exceeding half the
length of the corolla ; petals yellowish, or changing into purple ; seeds black : cotton white,
“easily separable from the testa.” — Plukn. Aim. t. 188./. 1. — My materials do not allow
of giving a more complete diagnosis of the cotton-plaut, which is said to grow spontaneously
in the West Indies ; for I have examined only two West Indian forms :

a. Leaves 3-5-lobed ; petioles and nerves beneath hairy, 3 of the latter usually bearing
glands.— G. brasiliense, Macf.

/3. integrum. Leaves entire (rarely obsoletely 3-lobed), with the petioles glabrous, bearing a
single glaud beneath or none. — IIab. Jamaica !, At. (a) ; Caribbean Islands, e. g. Barbadoes
{Linn.), S. Kitts ! (£).

G. herbaceum, L., (the cotton-plant, cultivated usually in southern Europe,) is distinguished
by the involucel half as long as the corolla, not acuminate, the leaves and stem pubescent,
the petals yellow, with a large red spot at the base, and “ the seeds white.” This seems to be
cultivated also in the West Indies (Tuss. El. 2. t. 17 ; Desc. El. 4. t. 278). But another
shrubby Gossypium, cultivated also near Naples, is exactly intermediate between our G. bar-
badense and G. herbaceum, having the involucel not acuminate, but exceeding half the length
of the corolla, purple flowers, black seeds, which are pubescent between the cotton, and
dowuy, 3-5-lobed leaves. This would answer to the description of G. purpurascens, Poir.,
and to Bot. Beg. t. 84 (with the exception of the colour of the corolla, which is yellow, with
a red spot at the base).

Swartz published a particular paper on the Gossypia cultivated in the West Indies (Stockh.
ILaudl. 1790) : but I am not able to combine his results with my investigation of West In-
dian specimens. He gives the following characters :

G. barbadense, L. Glabrous ; leaves 3-5-lobed ; seeds easily separable from the cotton. —
Suffrutescent, 6'-15' high.

G. hirsutum, L. Hirsute ; superior leaves undivided ; seeds green, adhering to the cotton. —
Shrubby.

Tlicse species, he says, are generally cultivated in the West Indies, and together with G.
religiosum, L., which he distinguishes chiefly by coloured cotton adhering to green seeds. —
Macladyen described four species, and stated all of them to be naturalized in Jamaica : of these
I believe I recognize his G. brasiliense, while G. purpurascens, G. jamaicense, Macf., and G.
oligospermum, Macf., seem to belong to those forms of G. herbaceum and G. purpurascens
winch I have mentioned above.

16. PARITIUM, St. HU,

Calyx 5-fid, surrounded by an 8-10-fid, or 8-10-toothed involucel. Style thickened and
pubescent above, shortly 5-fid : stigmas enlarged. Capsule 5-locular, loculicidal : cells many-
seeded, partitioned lengthwise by a spurious, incomplete dissepiment, which by dehiscence
splits into two membranes. — Trees or high shrubs ; one or three of the leaf -ribs usually
glandular beneath at the base; stipules broad, deciduous ; peduncles \-f -flowered, termi-
nal and axillaiy.

59. P. tiliaceum, A. Juss. Leaves cordate-rounded, usually cuspidate, hoary with
down" beneath, quite entire, or obsoletely crenate ; involucel 10-fid (sometimes 10-toothed, or
deeply 10-fid), persistent with the calyx ; petals yellow, obovate ; capsule ovoid-rounded,
tomeutose: seeds glabrous (or with a minute scattered down).— SI. t. 134./. 4 ; Cav. Hiss.
A 55./. 1; Desc. FI. 2. t. 148. — Hibiscus, L. H. arboreus, Desc. H. snnilis, Bt. A
high shrub, or tree, 10'-20' high; iuvolucel 6"', calyx 10"', petals 2 -21 , capsule 8 long.
— Hab. Jamaica!, Macf, common along the seashore, to Trinidad I, Cr. ; [all tropical
seashores: Cuba!, and Mexico! to Brazil! and Peru!, Pacific Islands!; East Indies!;
Western Africa!, Port Natal!, Cape!].

60 P. datum, G. Don. Leaves cordate-rounded, shortly cuspidate, hoary with down
beneath, quite entire; involucel at length deciduous together with the calyx, 8-1 0-toothcd
(often in one or several sutures divided to or beyond the middle) \ petals cbuugiiig in colour,
large- capsule ovate-globose, or ovate-oblong, villous : seeds villous.— St. t, id*.

B0MBACE2E.

87

the flower belongs to 0, the leaf (/. 1) resembles 7. — Hibiscus, Sw. A spreading tree
(size of a horse-ehestnut-trce : At.) ; involucet 8"'— 12'", calyx 14,,_2 , petals 4 long.
This species, hitherto confounded with the preceding, is distinguished chiefly by its large
flowers, and by the seeds covered with a dense villous down. Its petals in the early morning
are of a pale-primrose colour, and become orange-coloured and deep-red as the day advances.
It is variable in the division of the involueel, like the preceding : its teeth, however, are in
most instances shorter, and all or some of them often 3-4 times exceeded by the campanu-
late tube.

a. Petals obovate; capsule ovate-globose, bluntish. — -H. elatus, Macf , — II. tiliaceus,
Tuss. (FI. 2. t. 5), seems from the colour of the petals to be the same, though in the figure
the flowers have the size of P. liliaceum. — Petals nearly 2” broad above ; capsule 1" long,
10'" broad.

0. macrocarpum. Petals oblong; capsule ovate-oblong, somewhat pointed. — P. elatum,
Rich. Cub. — Petals 10"'-12"' broad above; capsule 15"'-16'" long, 8"'-9'" broad.

7?. abutiloides, G. Don. Leaves green on, both sides, or glaucous beneath, at length
glabrate beneath, crenate or obsoletely toothed. — Hibiscus, IF. — This plant, of which I
know only the younger state before its flowering, is cultivated in the Botanical Garden of
Bath, in Jamaica, as the tree which produces the celebrated Cuba-bast, and living specimens
of it are now to be seen in the Kew Gardens : the Cuba-bast-plant however, observed at
Havanua by Mr. Christie, specimens of which are contained in the Economic Museum at
Kew, is P. elatum, a, itself.

Hab. Jamaica!, Macf. {0), Pd. (/8), Al. (a, 0), March (a, 0, 7), Wils. {0, 7), in the lower
bills and plains of the interior districts, from S. Thomas in the Vale to Westmoreland, e.g.
Moneague, where a is common in Phcenix Park, Alex. ; Dove-hall in the hills of S. Thomas
( 0), Al . ; [Cuba!].

17-. TIIESPESIA, Corr.

Calyx 5-mucronate, truncate, surrounded by a caducous, 3-leaved involueel. Style simple,
with 5 distinct stigmas, which are decurrent along its glabrous, thickened top. Fruit
leathery, indehi scent, 5 -celled: seeds several in each coll, large. — Trees; leaves quite entire ;
pedicels axillary.

61. T. populnea, Corr. Glabrous, scaly; leaves cordate, deltoid, and poiutleted; pedi-
cels equalling the petiole. — Cav. Piss. t. 56./. 1.— -Hibiscus, L. — Involucel-leaves lanceolate,
disappearing at the expansion of the flower, equalling the calyx ; calyx 6'" long and as broad
at the top ; petals yellowish-purple, variegated, obovate-oblong, 2i" long ; fruit globose,
15"' diam. ; seeds 4"' long, trigonal-obovate, striate, glabrate, but villous at the base and at
the angles. — Hab. Jamaica !, List., March, Wils., along the seacoast ; Caribbean Islands ;
[Guadeloupe ! ; East Indies !, North Coast of Australia !, New' South Wales ; Senegambia !].

XXYI. BOMBACEiE.

Character of Malvacece ; but column divided usually above into 5 or more parcels, and
pollen smooth. Anthers unilocular, or, if apparently bilocular, the cells joined at the top.

The mucilaginous properties are the same as in Malvacece. The soft, spongy wood of
several Boinbaceous trees {e.g. Corkwood from Ochroma, the bark of which yields fibre)
and the wool, which envelopes the seeds in some of them, are employed for technical pur-
poses.

1. PACIIIItA, Aubl.

(Carolinca, L.Jil.)

Calyx truncate, or sinuate. Column divided above into a great many filaments : anthers
incumbent, unilocular. Capsule 5-locular, loculicidal : seeds many, glabrous. — Trees; leaves
palmate ; flowers axillary, large ; petals tomenlose.

1. P. aquatica, Aubl. Leaflets glabrous 5(-9), elliptical-oblong, obovate-oblong, or
elliptical-lanceolate, subsessile ; calyx truncate, warty-rugose ; petals linear ; column divided
above into 10, geminate, exterior , and 5 interior bundles of Ji laments, each dichotomous,
and bearing 10-30 geminate organs ; anthers linear, recurved ; sligiuu obsoletely 5-lobed. —
Tuss. FI. 4. t. 3. 4. — P. grandi flora, Tuss.: perhaps a correct name, as Aublct’s figure

88

BOMBACEiE.

differs by a large, 5-pnrtitc stigma. Carolinea princeps, L. fil. — Calyx 12"'~14'" long, lb"
broad at tlie top; petals greenish-white, 8" long, 6"'-8"' broad; sexual organs 7" long,
yellowish-purple. — Hab. S. Lucia!: Anders.; [Guadeloupe!; Panama!, New Granada!,
Surinam!, Brazil!].

P. insignis, Sav. ( Carolinea , Sw. cum cit. Cav. Diss. t. 154, Bombax grandijlorum,
Cav.), observed in Tobago and Martinique, is distinguished (according to Swartz) by the
leaflets usually 7, the flowers red, and the capsule more rounded : of this I have only seeu a
leaf in the British Museum, the leaflets of which are obovate-oblong and much larger than
in P. aquatica (l^'-l' long, and l'-4" broad).

Adansonia digitata, L. (Tuss. El. 3. t. 33, 34 ; Desc. El. 4. t. 291), is only a cultivated
tree in the West Indies : this genus approaches Pachira, but is distinguished by an indehis-
cent capsule, filled with a farinaceous pidp.

2. ERIODENDRON, DC.

Calyx shortly 5-lobed. Column divided into 5 filaments, each bearing at the top 2-3
unilocular anthers. Capsule 5-locular, loculicidal : seeds many, enveloped iu wool. — Trees;
leaves palmate ; flowers axillary ; petals tomentose externally.

2. E. anfractuosum, DC. Leaflets 5-7, lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate; petals obo-
vate, rose-coloured, glabrous internally; filaments subulate above: anthers anfractuose —
Cav. Diss. t. 151 ; Jacq. Amer. Piet. t. 182 : a form with the leaflets subsessile and serrate
above. — Bombax pentandrum, Cav. ; B. Ceiba, Dun. ( non LI). — A very high tree : stem
armed with spines when young, sometimes ventricose ; leaflets variable in breadth, petiolu-
late or subsessile, either quite entire or serrate ; flower-fascicles peduncled ; calyx 6"'-8'"
long ; petals spreading from the middle, equalling the sexual organs, 20'" long ; stigma en-
larged, subcapitate. — Hab. Jamaica!, List., Al., everywhere, but chiefly scattered over
the hill pastures on the north side of the mountain chain, and one of the most characteristic
arboreous features of the island (Cotton-tree); S. Lucia!, Anders., S. Vincent!, Guild.;
[Cuba to Guiana!, and equatorial Brazil!].

3. OCHROMA, Sw.

Calyx shortly 5-lobed, surrounded by a caducous, 3-leaved involucel : calyx-lobes unequal,
2 pointed, imbricate at the base, 3 rounded, indnplicative. Column tubulose : upper part
covered on the outside with adnate, contiguous, spiral, linear, unilocular anthers, 5-10-fid
at the top. Stigmas exserted, 5, linear, and spirally contorted into a cylindrical body.
Capsule 5-locular, loculicidal : seeds many, enveloped in wool. — Trees; leaves simple, cordate,
angular or absolutely 5—7 -lo bed, subentire or toothed ; flowers terminal, large ; petals pu-
berulous externally.

3. O. Lagopus, Sw. Leaves pubernlous beneath ; petals pale-rufescent or yellowish-
white. — Cav. Diss. t. 153. — Bombax pyramidale, Cav. — A tree, 20-40' high; calyx velvety,
3" long ; petals 5"-6" long, somewhat exceeding the column, exceeded by the stigmas :
limb obovate, wavy : claws oblong-linear, equalling the calyx ; capsule 1" long : wool pale-
rufescent. — Hab. Jamaica!, Pd., Wils., common in damp situations, in the lower hills;
S. Vincent !: Guild.; Trinidad !: Sieb. Tr. 95 ; [Cuba 1, Guadeloupe !, Mexico, Venezuela !].

4. MYRODIA, L.

Calyx 5-toothed or opcrculate. Column filiform, obsoletely 5-toothed at the top : anthers
10-15, sessile on its outside, bilocular with the ovoid cells united at their ends. Ovary
2 (-3) -locular : cells biovulate. Stigma subcapitate. Pericarp woody-leathery, iudebiscent,
usually unilocular and monospermous by abortion : seed large, glabrous, exalbuminous.
Trees or shrubs; leaves simple, elliptical or oblong , glabrous ; peduncles lateral or axillary ;
petals small, pubescent externally.

4. M. turbinata, Sw. Leaves elliptical, quite entire; peduncles 1 -flowered, nearly as
long as tlie petiole ; calyx ovoid, at length turbinate, irregularly circumscissile : remaining
tube split into several unequal lobes; column enlarged at the antheriferous top ; anthers lo.
— Sw. FI. t. 22 : analyt. — A tree, 30'~50' high; petals spatliulate, whitish, 6 long, twice
the length of the remaining calyx-tube, nearly equalling the sexual organs. Hab. S. Kitts
to S. Lucia 1, Anders., in damp woods [Mexico, Guiana!, Brazil!].

STERCULIACEiE.

80

5. IIELICTER.ES, L.

Calyx 5-fid, usually bilabiate. Column filiform, connate with the included carpophore,
terminated by 10- oo monantherous filaments, the interior of which are sterile : anthers
bilocular, with the cells united at their ends. Ovary surrounded by the filaments, 5-locular :
cells many-ovulate. Stigma subcapitate. Carpids at length distinct, follicular (i. e. dehis-
cent aloug the ventral line), many-seeded : seeds glabrous. — Trees or shrubs ; leaves simple ;
flowers usually fascicled.

Sect. 1. SpirocarpyEa. — Carpids contorted into a woody cone. Anthers 10.

5. H. jamaicensis, Jacq. Shrubby, furfuraeeous-tomentose ; leaves cordate, pointed,
crenate (sometimes somewhat lobed) ; fascicles peduncled, terminal and axillary, few-flowered ;
calyx campanvlate, bilabiate, 3-4 times shorter than the column : lobes ovate, pointed ;
petals white, asymmetrical, nearly twice the length of the calyx, auricled at the base of the
oblong limb ; anther-cells oblong ; cone twisted, ovate-oblong.— Jacq. Amer. Piet. t. 226 ;
Pesc. FI. 6. t. 407. — H. Isora, Peso. Lun. — A shrub, or low tree, 4— 15' high; leaves
velvety, hoary beneath ; calyx 8'" long ; cone liw— long, tomentose, variable in shape,
either rounded or somewhat pointed at the top, but in both cases rounded or subtruncate at
the base : circumvolutions about 10. — Hab. Jamaica!, Macf., Pd., March, among shrubs,
on limestone; [Haiti, S. Thomas !, Panama!].

6. H. baruensis, Jacq. Shrubby, furfuraeeous-tomentose; leaves cordate, pointed,
serrate, at length glabresrent above ; fascicles peduncled, terminal and axillary, few or one-
flowered ; calyx tubular, bilabiate, 2-4 times shorter than the column : lobes lanceolate,
acuminate ; petals white, nearly twice the length of the calyx, auricled at the base of the re-
flexed, linear limb ; anther-cells linear ; cone twisted, linear -oblong . — Jacq. Amer. Piet. t.
227.- — H. althadfolia, Lam. — A shrub, about 12; high; leaves variable in shape, either cor-
date-rounded or cordate-oblong, hoary-tomentose beneath; calyx 8"' long; cone 1|" long,
4" diam., blunt at the base, bluntish or pointed at the top : circumvolutions about 5,
the upper part of the carpids being less twisted. — Hab. Trinidad !, Sieb. Tr. 98, Lockh.,
Cr. ; [Mexico !, Venezuela !, Guiana! ] .

Sect 2. OrthocarPjEA. — Carpids straight. Anthers 5-10.

7- H. semitriloba, Berter. Shrubby, furfuraceous ; leaves cordate-roundish or ovate,
sinuate-toothed (sometimes somewhat 3-lobed), at length glabrescent above ; flowers in a
dense, terminal corymb : pedicels short, glandular at the base, surrounded by two linear
bracts; calyx campanulate, shortly 5 -lobed, six times exceeded by the column: four inferior
lobes rounded, uppermost oue longer ; petals (turning reddish on being dried) half-exceeding
the calyx, not auricled: limb obovate, reflexed ; anther-cells oblong-ovoid ; fruit straight ,
linear-oblong. — Rich. Cub. t. 19.- — H. trapezifolia, Rich.: the shape of the leaves, by which
Richard would distinguish this from his H . furfuracea, is subject to variation. — A shrub, 8'—
12' high; leaves l"-3" long, hoary by appressed down beneath; calyx 3"', fruit l" -If long.
— Hab. Bahamas!, Swains.-, [Haiti !, Cuba],

XXVII. STERCULIACE/E.

Flowers unisexual, apetalous. Calyx coloured, valvate. Staminiferous column hypogy-
nous (sometimes reduced) : anthers bilocular. Carpids definite, at length distinct, follicular.
— Trees.

lhe seeds of Cola (called Bichy, or Cola ) are employed as a condiment by the Negroes.

1. STERCULIA, L.

Calyx rotate-companulate, 5-fid. Column filiform, terminated by 10-20 anthers : anther-
c/a .s paraHel. Carpids 5, inserted to the top of a carpophore, united by a simple style.
ecus albuminous. 1 lowers paniculate, usually cernuous. Leaves toothless.

1 . S. carthagenensis, Cav. Leaves cordate-rounded, 5 (-3 )-lobed to the middle,
g abrate above, velvety beneath: lobes elliptical, blunt, or oblong; calyx 5 -fid to the

90

BUETTNERIACE2E.

middle, furfuraceous externally, broadly ovate : lobes deltoid, subrcflcxed ; column and style
incurved ; pistil syncarpous. — Jacq. Amer. Piet. i. 263./. 74: the dower. — Helicteres ape-
tala, Jacq. —A fine tree, about 40' high ; leaves usually more than a foot in diam. ; calyx
yellowish, with purple spots, C'"-8"' long, 10"' broad.— Hab. Naturalized in Jamaica !,
March ; [introduced from the continent; Mexico, Panama!, Brazil].

2. S. caribsea, It. Br. et Benn. Leaves ovate-oblong, mostly entire, pointleted, rounded
at the base, glabrous above, puberulous beneath; calyx deeply b-fid, furfuraceous: lobes
ovate-lanceolate, spreading, nectariferous internally ; column 10-audrous; carpids early dis-
tinct, tardily dehiscent, semielliptical, at length stipitate : style incurved. — S. Ivira, Sic.,
parlim.—k high tree ; leaves 6"-8" long : petiole tumid at the base and at the top ; calyx
yellowish, 4'" long; follicle H" long: the carpophore nearly of the same length. — Some of
the Dominica specimens have the leaves 3-lobed. — Hab. Jamaica 1, Pd. ; Dominical, Irnr.,
to S. Vincent !, Guild. ; Trinidad !, Pd., in the hills at S. Ann’s.

2*. COLA, Schtt., Endl.

Calyx rotate, 5-fid. Column depressed, scutelliform, bearing on the margin 10 ovoid an-
thers : anther-cells convergent. Carpids 5, mauy-ovulate : stigmas distinct, sessile. Seeds
exalbuminous. — Leaves entire : petiole tumid at both ends ; panicles short, corymbose, axil-
lary.

3*. C. acuminata, it. Br. et Benn. Leaves oblong, pointed at both ends, glabrate ;
calyx 5 -fid beyond the middle, furfuraceous : lobes oblong, pointed; anthers and carpids ses-
sile.— Beauv. Owccr. 1. t. 24. — Sterculia, P. B. — Leaves 6"-8" long; calyx 8'" long, pale-
yellow, with purple spots on the inner side. — Hab. Naturalized in Trinidad !, Cr., cidtivated
in Jamaica!, March; [introduced from tropical Africa].

XXVIII. “BUETTNERIACE2E.

Calyx valvate. Stamens monadelphous, usually defiuite, the fertile ones opposite to the
petals: anthers 2 (-3) -locular, with the pollen smooth. Pistil syncarpous, rarely simple:
carpids 5 (-1). — Leaves alternate, stipulate: down usually stellate.

The Cacao (or oily and nutritious seed of Theobroma ) is the most important product of
this Order, and a fatty oil prevails also in the embryo of the allied genera. The general
properties are the same as in Malvacece. Thus Guazuma and Waltlieria yield a mucilaginous
drug, and Ayenia magna is a fibre plant.

Tribe I. TIIEOBli 0 M E/E. — Column free from the petals, divided into definite,
fertile, and sterile filaments.

The East Indian Abroma angusta, L., occurs in the S. Vincent collection, but is to be
considered ouly as a cultivated plant. Lunan remarks that specimens introduced into Ja-
maica were in a sickly state.

1. GUAZUMA, L.

Calyx 3-(2-4)-partite. Petals 5 : limb cucullate, with a terminal, linear, bifid appen-
dage. Column shortly 10-fid: fertile lobes triantheriferous : anthers bilocular. Styles 5,
contiguous. Nut tubercled, 5-celled : cells polyspermous. Embryo indexed, enclosed by a
thin endosperm : cotyledons fleshy, plaited. — Trees ; leaves distichous, serrate, usually ob-
lique at the base ; corymbs mostly axillary.

1. G. tomentosa, Kth. 'Leaves oblong-lanceolate, acuminate, semicordate at the base,
scabrous or glabresccnt above, pubescent and usually hoary beneath; nut ovoid-globose, with
5 obsolete furrows above.— Can. Ic. 3. t. 299. — Theobroma Guazuma, L., Sic. Bubroma, IF.
Guaz polvbotrya, Cav. G. ulmifolin, Macf. ( non Lam.). G. parvifolia, Rich. A middle-
sized tree, usually 15'-20', sometimes 4(T-50' high: branches with a very tenacious riud,
hoary with stellate down ; corymbs nearly twice the length of the petiole ; petals yellow, H'"
lone; with the appendage as long; nut subdrupaceous, purplish-black, 12 -8 long, 9 -0

diamV j cannot confirm the observations published by Richard (FI. Cub. p. 189) on tins aud

the following species. In both the column bears externally at its base five tufts of hairs, and
the lougitudmal furrows, the occurence of which in this species he denied, arc observable in the

BUETTNERIACE2E.

91

ripe fruit. — Hab. Jamaica !, Fist., Al., March, common in woods and pastures ; Caribbean
Islands ; [Texas !, Berland.; Mexico ! to Venezuela 1 and New Granada !, East Indies !].

2. G. ulmifolia, Lain. Leaves oblong-lanceolate (or ovate), pointleted, oblique at the
base, glabrous (powdery beneath in the younger state); “ nut globose, with 5 longitudinal fur-
rows.”— Tuss. FI. 4. t. 24; JDesc.Fl. 2. t. 85. — G. Bubroma, Tuss. — Branchlets powdery-
rufescent, glabrescent ; flowers as in the preceding. — Hab. Jamaica !, lib. B/cs. ; Dominica !,
hnr. ; S. Vincent!, Guild.; Trinidad!, Cr.; [Cuba, Portorieo!, Guadeloupe!, Guiana!,
Brazil !].

2. TIIEOBROMA, L.

Calyx 5-partite, coloured. Petals 5 : limb cucullate, with a terminal, spathulate appen-
dage. Column 10-fid: fertile lobes biantheriferous : anthers bilocular. Style 5-fid. Fruit
baccate, 5-celled: cells pulpy, polyspermous. Fmbryo exalbuminous : cotyledons fleshy, cor-
rugate.— Trees ; leaves entire ; pedicels fascicled or solitary, lateral.

3. T. Cacao, L. Leaves oblong, acuminate, glabrous, quite entire ; flowers fascicled ;
pericarp ovoid-oblong, 10-costate.- — SI. t. 160; Tuss. Ft. 1. t. 13; JDesc. FI. 4. t. 266. —
Calyx rose-coloured : segments lanceolate, acuminate, exceeding the yellowish corolla ; peri-
carp yellow or reddish, leathery, 6"-8" long. — Hab. Trinidad!, Scliach ; naturalized in Ja-
maica!, Fist. ; S. Lucia!, Anders., etc.; [Guiana!, Brazil !].

Tribe II. B UETTNEEIF1E. — Column affixed above by the glands to the petals : anthers
solitary, inserted between the column-lobes.

3. AYENIA, L.

(Cybiostigma, Turcz!)

Calyx 5-partite, membranaceous. Petals 5, affixed to the column by the top of the fili-
form claw: limb iuflexed. Column 5-lobed: anthers 3-locular, sessile in the sinuses be-
tween the lobes or sterile anthers. Style simple : stigma of 5 globose lobes. Capsule penta-
coccous : carpids one-seeded, dehiscent along the inner angle. Fmbryo ....

The three ovoid anther-cells, united in their axis and dehiscent by fissures, of which two
are lateral and the third extrorse, seem to afford the chief character to distinguish Ayenia
from Buettneria. If they were correctly to be compared with the three anthers °of Guazuma,
the artificial character of the Order derived from bilocular anthers would be lost. In Buett-
neria celtoides, St. Hil., which, according to its filiform petal-claws, would be an Ayenia, and
has the habit of Cybiostigma, St. Hilaire has figured two disjoined anther-cells.

The three West Indian species cl Ayenia have no similarity of habit, and might as well
be considered as so many distinct genera, which by Buettn. microphylla, L., pass gradually
into that large genus. 1

Sect. 1. Cybiostigma. — Limb of petals devoid of a dorsal or terminal appendage, reni-
form, and bicuspidate- hastate at the base. Column-lobes erect , entire, anther ifoimi.
Ovary shortly stalked. Capsule echinate.— Shrubs, covered with stellate down ; leaves
toothed ; corymbs axillary : flowers greenish.

4. A. magna, L. Leaves cordate, acuminate, toothed-serrate : petiole almost half the
length ot the limb, much exceeding the corymb; calyx-segments ovate, acuminate, hairy ex-
ternally, spreading and almost three times longer than the corolla; petal-limbs much ex-
ceeded by their claw : auricles extrorse ; column-lobes oval, much larger than the anthers •
ovary hairy, three times longer than their carpophore; style equalling the column; capsule
globose. — A. cordifolia, DC. Cybiostigma abulilifolium, Turcz.! — A shrub 2'-5' higli-
leavcs pubescent velvety beneath, 2*"-3i" long, 2" broad; corymbs solitary or fascicled, 3-
™ ! ?ayx lonS ; capsule 3"' diain., covered with soft spines.— Hab. Jamaica!,
M Nab, March, in the southern district of S. Andrew’s ; [Mexico !, Yucatan !, Venezuela !].

Sect. 2. Leiayenia. Limb of petals devoid of appendages, roundish. Column-lobes spread-
ing, npariite. Ovary stalked. Capsule . . . . — A glabrous shrub ; leaves quite entire ; pe-
dicels axillary, filiform : flowers purple.

■i. A. laevigata, Sw. ! Leaves ovate, oblusate, quite entire : petiole short, exceeded by

92

BUETTNEIIIACEjE.

the solitary pedicel ; calyx-segments oval, hlnntish, equalling the column ; petal-limbs twice
exceeded by their claw; column-lobes bipartite: special ones shortly subulate, exceeding the
anthers; style equalling the column. — This species has not been observed since the time of
Swartz, and I have only seen his own specimen in the Stockholm collection, and that of
Shakspeare in the British Museum, which arc both incomplete. — A branched shrub : habit of
a Rhamnus ; leaves l"-2" long, 9'"-12'" broad, glabrous and somewhat shining, arch-nerved,
with the delicate veins prominent on both sides : petiole thin, l'"-2'" long, with the stipules
minute and deciduous; calyx V" long, spreading, membranaceous. — Hab. Jamaica!, Aw.,
rare among slinibs.

Sect. 3. Euayenia. — Limit of petals roundish-emarginate, terminated by a stalked, oblong
gland ( or appendage ), which is reflexed. Column-tube filiform and enlarged abrujjtly
into the infundibular limb : lobes erect, subemarginate, antheriform. Ovary long-stalked.
Capsule verrucose. — A suffrutescent, procumbent herb: down minute,, stellate; leaves
serrate ; flowers fascicled, axillary, purple.

6. A. pusilla, L. Stems numerous from a perennial root; leaves ovate or lanceolate,
pointed or acuminate, serrate, pubescent or glabrate: petiole short, exceeded by the filiform
pedicels ; calyx-segments ovate-lanceolate, nearly equalling the column and the corolla ;
petal-limbs much exceeded by their claws : diameter a little longer than their dorsal appen-
dage ; column-lobes oval-rounded, much larger than the anthers ; ovary much shorter than
its” filiform carpophore, which is included within the narrow part of the column; style the
same length as the ovary, reaching to the top of the column ; capsule globose, puberulous
between the scattered warts. — SI. t. 132./. 2; Cav. Biss. t. 147.— Stems 6' -12 long, dif-
fuse ; leaves variable in shape on the same branch, 4"'-10'" long, 3 broad : petiole 2 -3
lono- • flower-fascicle sessile or shortly peduncled : pedicels usually 3-5, 3" long; calyx U
long; capsule 2'” diam.— Hab. Jamaica (SI.), Antigua!, Nichols.; [California!, New Mexi-
co!, Texas, Key-west].

4. BUETTNERIA, L.

(Pentaceros, G. IF. F. Mey .)

Calyx 5 -partite, coloured. Petals 5, affixed to the sterile lobes of the column by the
margin of the limb : limb subsessile (or shortly clawed), erect, with a terminal narrow ap-
pendage Column 5-lobed : anthers bilocular, subsessile in the sinuses between the lobes (or
sterile anthers). Ovary 5-locular : cells biovulate : superior ovule ascending, inferior pendu-
lous. Style simple : stigma of 5 globose lobes. Capsule pentacoccous, echinate : carpids
one-seeded, dehiscent along the inner angle. Embryo albuminous, straight : cotyledons
convolute, foliaceous, 2-lobed.— Shrubs (rarely herbs); inflorescence axillary or lateral
' Pentaceros aculeatus, Mey.!, is a congener, apparently the same with B. brempes, Benth.

B microphylla , L., indigenous in the larger Antilles [Haiti!, Cuba !], is distinguished by
its bipartite anthers, and petals shortly clawed, biauriculate at the base of the limb. Ihis
snecies (though shrubby and twining), exhibits the habit of Ayema pusilla, and its capsule
is1 rather more verrucose (with elongated, soft warts) than prickly with spines. It might
consequently be considered likewise as a particular, intermediate genus. _

7 B scabra , L. (non Pohl). Stem shrubby, prickly : branches virgate, angular above,
glabrous ; leaves rigid, linear or lanceolate-linear, mucronate, quite entire, or with a few
teeth and scabrous on the margin, shortly petioled: petiole margiuate ; flower-fasc teles
small peduncled* arranged in interrupted eompouud racemes ; calyx-segments lanceolate,
much exceeding the column; petals subsessile, obcordate : appendage clavate-hnear, pubc-
Xs, three times exceeding the limb, and equalling tlic calyx; column-lobes short,
rounded- capsule globose: prickles short. — Aubl. t. 96; Cav. Biss. t. 148./. •

with the inferior leaves hastate. Pohl, Bras s t. 149, 151, 154 -B. ramosissnna, el scal-
nellata Phi. : both accidentally without prickles. B. virgata, Phi. A ttaihiig
12' high • prickles shortly subulate, spreading or recurved ; inferior leaves 4. long, 4 bioad,
superior ones reduced ; flowers whitish, with red petal-appendages : calyx 1 -2 lo"S’ c‘ '

sld" diam. — Hab. S. Vincent!, Anders.; Trinidad!, Pd., Cr.; [Guiana!, Brazil!, Uru-
SU8y B. catalpifolia, Jacq. Stem shrubby, unarmed, powdery ; leaves large, cordate -

BUETTNEUIACEJ2.

93

ovate, poiutleted, quite entire, leng-petioled : petiole cylindrical, and enlarged at the base ;
panicles corymbose, equalling or exceeding the petiole, puberulous ; calyx-scgments lanceo-
late-linear, acuminate, much exceediug the column ; petals sessile, ovate : appendage linear,
bluntish, tapering towards the base, three times exceeding the limb, and equalling the calyx ;
column-lobes romulish, glandular ; connective prominent ; ovary covered with glands : style
distinct, short; capsule . . . . — Jacq. II. Schosnbr. 1. t. 46. — A high, trailing shrub; leaves
6"-S" long, and nearly as broad : petiole equalling the limb, or shorter ; flowers white, with
a red point on the petals. — Hab. Trinidad!, Cr. ; [Venezuela],

Tbibe III. HERM ANNIE JE. — Column free above, 5-androus , without sterile lobes :
anthers opposite to the corolla.

5. MELOCHIA, L.

(Riedleia, Vent. Mougeotia, Kth.)

Calyx 5-fid. Petals 5. Column adhering at the base to the petal-claws, divided into
five filaments, or entire : anthers bilocular. Styles 5, distinct or united below. Capsule
5-locular, 5-10-seeded. Embryo straight, enclosed by endosperm : cotyledons foliaceous.
— Shrubs or herbs ; leaves penninerved (i. e. with excurrent veins).

Sect. 1. Eumeeochia. — Capsule loculicidal, with the dissepiments cohering, at length se-
parating from the filiform axis. Column divided to the adnate base.- — Flower-fascicles
axillary and terminal : flowers purple, devoid of an involucel.

9. M. pyramidata, L. Suffrutescent ; leaves glabrous, oblong-lanceolate, crenate-ser-
rate ; flower-fascicles opposite to the leaf, few-flowered : peduncle nearly as long as the peti-
ole ; calyx somewhat exceeded by the corolla : lobes lanceolate, acuminate ; stamens united
only at the adnate base ; styles subdistinct ; capsule pyramidal, 5-angled : angles cuspidate
at the base externally. — SI. t. 139./. 1 ; Cav. Diss. t. 172./. 1 ; As. Gr. Gen. Bor. Amer.
2. i. 134. — Stem l'-2' high: branches marked with a pubescent, longitudinal line; leaves
l"-2" long ; petals red, with yellow claws, obovate, 3"' long ; capsule 3"' long : diameter at
the base (with the points included) 5"'. — Hab. Jamaica!, Macf.; Bahamas!; Antigua!,
Nichols.; Dominical, Imr.; [Texas!, Mexico!, Cuba!, Haiti!, Venezuela!, Guayaquil!,
Brazil !].

10. M. tomentosa, I. Shrubby; leaves usually tomentose, plicate-veined, tapering
from the ovate or subtruncate base, crenate or obtuse-serrate ; flower-fascicles mostly termi-
nal on short branches, peduncled ; calyx twice exceeded by the corolla : lobes lanceolate,
acuminate ; stamens united only at the adnate base ; styles distinct ; capsule trapezoid.-}iy-
ramidal, tomentose, 5-angled : angles somewhat pointed externally. — SI. t. 138. /. 2, 3 ;
Cav. Diss. t. 172./. 2. — M. frutescens, Jacq. — A shrub, 2-5' high: branches tomentose
and glabrate; leaves 2"-4"' long, bluntish or rounded at the top; petals purple, clawed,
obovate, 6'" long ; capsule 2"'-3"' long and broad, shortly stalked. — A variety of this ap-
pears to be

/3. ernnata, \ ahl. Leaves small, oval-roundish, blunt, crenate ; “ capsule oblong : angles
rounded. Vahl, Symb. 3. t. 68. — ltiedleia, DC. — Leaves 4W— G11 111 long, either tomentose
( Vahl ) or glabrous (Hb. Benth.). Our Turk Islands specimens have the small leaves of
this, but with the white tomentum only on then- under side: in their shape and serratures
they are not distinguished from a, nor iu the capsule and its wings.— IIab. Jamaica !, M‘Nab,
At., March, in dry pastures; Turk Islands , Hjalmars.; Antigua !, Nichols. ; S. Vincent!,
Anders, (fi) ; [Cuba! and Mexico! to Venezuela! and Brazil!].

Sect. 2. Riedleia. Capsule septicidal and loculicidal. Column divided into subulate
filaments, which cohere sometimes at the top. — Flowers surrounded by a three-leaved in-
volucel, purple, glomerate : clusters spicate ; stipules striate, ovate-lanceolate, equalling
the short petiole.

11. M. serrata, Benth. Shrubby, pilose; leaves ovate or ovate-oblong, bluntish,

coarsely duplicate-serrate : hairs chiefly on the veins ; flower-clusters in a terminal inter-
rupted spike, and axillary ; calyx half the length of the linear involucel-leaves : lobes lanceo-

94

BUETTNERIACE2E.

late, acuminate ; petals exsertcd ; column cohering at the top, split in the middle, exceeded
by the styles ; styles united below; capsule villous, globose, scplicidal and loculicidal.— SI.
t. 138./. 1; Vent. Choix. t. 37. — Riedleia, Vent. Meloch. hirsuta, Rich. Cub. ( non Can.).
— A shrub, about 2* high, variable in the density of the long, soit hairs ; leaves 1"-1 i,( long,
often subcordate at the' base ; petals purple, with yellow claws, spathulate, 5"'-6"' long, a
little exceeding the involucel ; capsule included within the calyx : valves lif,/ long. Hab.
Jamaica!, Macf., Al., March, in pastures of the northern aud central districts, S. Ann’s, S.
Thomas in the Vale; Trinidad!, Loclch.; [Cuba! and Mexico! to Brazil! and Bern!].

12. M. Hirsuta, Cav. Shrubby, villous-lanuginose ; leaves ovate-oblong, bluntish,
appressed, duplicate-serrate, velvety and villous ; flower-clusters in a terminal, oblong, com-
pact spike, inferior distant ; calyx half the length of the linear involucel leaves : lobes ovate,
pointed; petals exserted; column 5-fld, exceeding the styles ; styles united below; capsule
. . — Cav. Biss. t. 174. f. 1 : male. — M. vestita, Benth.: a very villous form. A virgate
shrub, densely covered with soft hairs ; leaves H" long, usually subcordate at the base ;
flowers larger than in the preceding, the petals in the same proportion to the involucel.
Hab. S. Lucia!, Anders.; Trinidad!, Cr.; [Haiti!, Panama!, Guiana!, Bahia!].

Sect. 3. Mougeotia.-

-Oapsule pentacoccous. Column h-fld, or nearly entire
to the anthers.

13. Vfl. nodiflora, Sw.l Shrubby, glabrate ; leaves ovate, pointed, serrate; flowers
glomerate : clusters axillary, much exceeded by the petiole ; calyx a little exceeded by the
corolla : lobes deltoid, pointed ; column entire : anthers sessile ; styles distinct ; capsule sub-
globose, 5 -angular, hairy, a little exceeding the calyx: carpids at length distinct, tardily de-
hiscent along the ventral line.— SI. t. 135./. 2. — Mougeotia, Kth. Riedleia, DC. A shru),
2'-6' high, puberulous in the younger parts ; leaves 3 "-2" long : inferior petioles 1 long,
superior decrescent ; calyx lV''long; petals spathulate, reddish-white, nearly equalling the
column and the styles; capsule subdepressed, 2"' diam. — IIab. Jamaica .Macf., M Bab,
Al., TVils., March, common in fences; Antigua!, Nichols.; S. \incent!, Guild.; [Luba.,
Mexico !, Panama !].

14. M. lupulina, Sw.l Shrubby; leaves ovate, pointed, subcordate at the base, du-
plicate-serrate, glabrescent or subpubescent with a scattered down ; flowers fascicled : clus-
ters axillary, many-flowered : peduncle short, much exceeded by the petiole ; calyx nearly
equalling the corolla, at length inflated: lobes deltoid, pointed ; column 5 -Jid to the
middle; styles distinct; capsule snbglobose, 5-angular, much smaller than the enlarged
calyx : carpids at length distinct, tardily dehiscent along the ventral line.— -AM. Nov ben. t.
484.— Mougeotia inflate, Kth. (Riedleia, Macf.!; Melochia, Benth). A branched shrub,
3'-5' high, pubescent in the younger parts ; leaves 2£"-4 long about twice as long as the
pubescent petiole; calyx 1*'" long, and at length 4'" long and 3"' broad, broadly campanidate;
petals oval, white, with a yellow spot: limb twice the length of the claw; capsule puberu-
lous, If" diam.— Hab. Jamaica!, Macf, Wils., in moist thickets (resembling the bramble,
TVils.) ; [New Granada !, Ecuador !, Peru !].

15 M. venosa, Sw.l Shrubby; leaves ovate, pointed, serrate, pubescent beneath and
on the veins of the upper side; flowers fascicled : clusters arranged in a terminal, inter-
rupted raceme: peduncles short; calyx twice exceeded by the corola: lobes lanceolate,
pointed; stamens monadelphous, somewhat cohering at the top; styles distinct ;capsiile
subo-lobose, villous : carpids at length distinct and dehiscent along the ventral hue. Riedleia,
DC. R. jamaiceusis, BO. R. virgultosa, Macf. Melochia jamaicensis, Berber. M. de-
pressa, L.f ( non Cav).— la. habit it resembles M. serrata, but is easily distinguished . by the
pedicellate, yellow flowers. A shrub, 2'-3' high ; petals obovate, 4 long ; capsule 2 diam.
—Hab. Jamaica!, Houston, March, in dry situations, in the district of S. Andrew s.

M. odorata, L. til. (Cav. Biss. t. 173./. 2), a high tree of the Paciiic islands and the
East Indies has been introduced into Jamaica.

6. WALTHERIA, L.

Calyx 5-fid with a lateral involucel. Petals 5. Column adhering to the base of the
petal-claws, entire, or divided into 5 filaments. Carpel solitary : styles simple, slightly la-

TILIACE2E.

95

tcral, with the stigma usually pcnicellatc. Pericarp bivalved, monosperm. Embryo straight,
enclosed by endosperm : cotyledons foliaceous. — Shrubs or herbs ; llowers glomerate : clus-
ters mostly axillary, peduncled or sessile.

16. "W. americana, L. Velvety-lomentose (rarely glabrescent) ; leaves ovate, oblong
or lanceolate-oblong, plicate, crenate or toothed ; clusters usually peduncled ; calyx and
ovary lannginose ; column entire, hall' the length of the spathulate petals. — Cav. Biss. t. 170,
171. — W. indica, L.: the form with sessile dower-clusters. AV . arborescens, ovata, elliptica,
microphylla, Cav. W. angustifolia, Kth. — A suftrnteseent or shrubby plant, 4'-6' high,
polymorphous in the shape of the leaves, the size of the dower-clusters, and their arrange-
ment; clusters compound ; calyx nearly equalling the involucel : lobes subulate : petals yel-
low.— Hab. Jamaica!, Hist., Al., Wils., March, common in pastures and thickets; Baha-
mas!, S. Vincent!, Guild.; Trinidad!, Loclch., Cr.; [all tropical countries of the globe, and
beyond their northern limits, viz. Cuba! and Mexico ! to Brazil!, Canary Islands! to tropical
Africa!, Madagascar! to East Indies! and China!, northern Australia !, New Caledonia!,
Sandwich Islands !].

W. glabra, Poir., is hitherto confined to Guadeloupe!, distinguished by general glabrous-
ncss, and by the column divided almost to the middle into distinct filaments : its synonyms
are lliedleia Berteriana, DC. (Deless. Ic. 3. t. 23), and Walth. Icevis, Schrk. (PI. Monac.
t. 55), a form with ciliate calyx-lobes.

Of the tribe of Bombeyacece, Pentalopes phosnicea, L., an East Indian annual, has been
introduced into Jamaica !, March.

XXIX. TILIACE/E.

Calyx valvate, usually deciduous. Stamens hypogynous, mostly distinct and indefinite :
anthers bilocular. Pistil syncarpous : earpids definite: seeds albuminous. — Leaves stipulate.

In their properties they accord with Malvacece, being as well mucilaginous as fibrous
plants : thus Triumfetta semitriloba and Corcliorus yield good fibres in Jamaica. Corchorus
olitorius is a pot-herb, affording a substitute for Spinach. The seeds of the same plant and
the bark of Muntingia ( Guasem ) are drastic drugs. Among the timber-trees, Sloanea jamai-
censis (Iron-wood, or Break-axe-wood) is remarkable for its toughness. S. Massoni is also
used.

Tribe I. GREJFIEAU. — - Sepals distinct. Anthers ovoid or roundish, dehiscent
by longitudinal fissures : connective not prodticed.

1. TRIUMFETTA, L.

Sepals 5, usually apiculate below the top. Petals 5 (-0), opposite to as many liyposte-
monal glands. Stamens (5-)10-30, surrounded at the base by a short cupule. Ovary 2-5-
celled: cells biovulate and partitioned by a spurious dissepiment: style simple, with the
stigma-divisions minute or obsolete. Achenium glochidiate ; embryo straight . cotydelous
foliaceous.- — Sulfrutescent herbs or shrubs ; peduncles opposite to the leaf, or superior race -
mose .- pedicels fascicled, at length cernuous ; flowers yellow, with the calyx coloured.

The descriptions in this genus, as given by older authors, are incomplete ; the species how-
ever are numerous, though nearly related, and most variable in the shape of the leaf.

1- T. Lappula, L. Sulfrutescent, velvety with stellate down; leaves roundish or
lobed, unequally toothed : lowest teeth heter amorphous, transformed into blunt glands ;
flowers racemose : pedicels equalling the fruit ; sepals hairy, apiculate ; petals 0 ; stamens
10 ; stigma bifid ; achenium globose, bilocular, glabrous : glochides hairy, equalling its dia-
meter. Plum. t. 25o ; JDesc. l'l. 2. t. 101. — Stem 2,—5l high; calyx 1 1 !!! long, yellowish;
achenium (without the glochides) 2"' diam.— Hab. Jamaica!, Macfi, a common’ weed; S.
Vincent!, Guild.; [Guadeloupe 1, Martinique ; Mexico !, Panama ! ; Cape Verde Islands !].

2. T. macrophylla, V ahl. Sufl’rutescent, velvety with stellate down ; leaves ovate-

roundish, pointletcd, uuequally toothed : lowest teeth heteromorphous , transformed into
rflunt glands ; flowers shortly racemose : pedicels exceeded in length by the calyx ; sepals pu-
bescent, apiculate; petals oblong ; stamens 15; stigma 4-lid; ovary 4- locular ; achenium
... Leaves 5"-3" diam.; calyx 3'" loug, equalling the petals. — Hab. Trinidad!, Cr.;
[Guiana].

TILIACEjE.

>JG

3. T. altliaeoides, Lam. Snfirutesoefit, velvety with stellate down ; leaves roundish or
lobed, unequally toothed, upper ones lanceolate: lower leeth homomorphous (sometimes
glandular at the top) ; flowers racemose : pedicels equalling the fruit ; sepals hairy, apiculatc ;
petals oblong ; stamens 10; stigma obsoletely toothed ; achenium ovoid-globose, ‘i-i-locu-
lar, glabrous : glocliides hairy, equalling its diameter.- — -Calyx 21'" long, equalling the petals ;
achenium 2"' long, H'" broad (without the glochidcs). — The leaves are much more velvety
than iu T. semitriloba , which it approaches however perhaps too nearly, the chief difference
consisting in the glochidcs covered with retrorsely bent hairs. — Hab. Antigua! , Nichols.;
Dominica!, Imr. ; [Bermudas!, Cuba!; Guiana!, Brazil as far south as S. Katherine!].

4. T. semitriloba, L. Suffrutescent, pubescent with stellate down, rarely velvety,
sometimes glabrescent on the upper side of the leaves ; leaves roundish, 3(-5)-lobed or sub-
entire, unequally toothed, upper ones lanceolate : lowest leeth homomorphous ; flowers in-
terruptedly racemose : pedicels equalling the fruit; sepals hairy, apiculale; petals spalhu/ate ;
stamens 15 ; stigma obsoletely toothed ; achenium ovoid-globose, 2-locular, usually 4-sper-
mous, glabrous: glochides glabrous, equalling its diameter. — Jacq. Amer. Piet. t. 133;
Peso. FI. 2. t. 102.— T. heterophylla, Lam. T. havanensis, Kth. T. ovata, DC. T. nlmi-
folia Desv. T. diversiloba, Prl. T. angulata, Lam., partim, ex W. Am. et specim. Wallich.
T rhomboidea, Auct. {non Jacq.).— Stem 4'-6' high; calyx 3'" long, equalling the petals;
achenium 1§'" long, 1"' broad (without the glochides).— This is the most common, and con-
sequently the most variable, species of the genus, not to be distinguished from T. rhomboidea,
Jacq by the leaves, but sufficiently so by the glabrous and usually bilocular fruit ; the spe-
cific value of the characters, derived from the number of the stamens and the fruit-cells
appears doubtful in this genus, but the shape of the ripe fruit and the glochides afford
useful marks of distinction. — Hab. Jamaica!, Diet., Al., March, Wils., a common need; S.
Vincent!, Guild. ; Trinidad!, Sieb. ; [all tropical countries of the globe; e.g. Cuba! and
Mexico ! to Venezuela ! and Guayaquil ! ; tropical Africa ; East Indies !].

5 T. rhomboidea, Jacq. Shrubby ; branches scabrous with small, stellate bristles ;
leaves roundish, unequally toothed (usually angular and pointed), glabrescent above, pubescent
beneath, upper ones oblong : lowest teeth homomorphous ; flower-fascicles distant : pedicels
equalling the fruit; sepals hairy, shortly apiculate; petals spathulate ; stamens 15 ; stigma
3-5-fid; achenium globose, 3-5 -locular, hoary -tomentose : glochides glabrous half as long
as its diameter.— Jacq. Amer. Piet. t. 134.-T. rhombeifolia, Sw.—A. shrub 3-4 high:
branches subdichotomous ; calyx nearly 3"' long; achenium 1^ diam (without the glo-
chides), densely covered with hairs.— Hab. Jamaica!, Mac/., Dist. AL, Wils. common;
S. Vincent!, Guild.; [all tropical countries of the globe, e.g. Martinique!, Guayaquil.,
Brazil ! ; Senegambia !, Niger !, East Indies !].

6. T. hispida, Rich. Suffrutescent, hairy with simple hairs and short stellate down ;
leaves ovate or ovate-roundish, unequally toothed, pubescent : down of the under side stel-
late ■ lowest serratures homomorphous; flower-fascicles somewhat distant: pedicels equalling
the flower ■ sepals densely covered with a whitish villous down, long-apiculate ; petals ob-
long • stamens 20-15 ; stigma minute, subentire; achenium (immature) globose, pubescent:
glochides equalling its diameter.— Leaves nearly 1" long ; calyx 3 long.— Hab. Jamaica ,
j Saner., March; [Cuba; Panama!]. _ _ .

7 T erossularifolia, Rich. Suffrutescent, hairy with scattered, mostly simple hairs ;

leaves ovate, entire or shortly 3-lobed, unequally serrate, upper ones “

serratures homomorphous; flower-fascicles distant: pedicels equaUing the flower, sepals
hairy apiculate; petals oblong; stamens 20 (-10); stigma minute, subentire; achenium
(immature) ovoid-globose, 2-3-locular, glabrous : glochides glabrous, e quailing its ^ainetw.
-Zh Cub.t. 21. — Leaves 2"-3" long, H"-2" broad; calyx 2'"-3'" long, equalling the
,)ctals — The simple soft hairs of the stem and of the leaves, which are green on both sides,
afford characters to distinguish this species from all the preceding ones.— Hab. S. Vincent !,

Guild.; [Cuba!]. ’ . ,

8 T. trrandiflora, Valil. Suffrutescent or shrubby : branches villous with flexuose
hair’s ■ leaves broadly ovate, pointed, unequally crenatc-toothcd, hairy with scattered, mostly
sinwie hairs or glabrescent, upper ones lanceolate: lowest serratures homomorphous,
flier fascieffis distant: pedicels much longer than the fruit ; sepals glabrous, apiculate;
petals obovatc ; stamens 20 ; stigma 5-fid ; achenium (immature) globose, 6 -locular,

TILIACE/E.

97

glochides glabrous. — T. polyandra, DC. — Sepals lanceolate-linear, 8"' long, exceeding the co-
rolla, equalling the pedicel ; petals 6m long. — Hab. Montserrat {Vahl)\ Dominica!, Imr. ;
[Mexico!].

2. CORCHORUS, L.

Sepals 5 (-4). Petals 5 (-4). Stamens oo (-4), distinct. Ovary 2-5-celled: style
simple, with the stigma obsoletely toothed. Capsule loculicidal, usually elongated : seeds
indefinite ; embryo incurved, with the cotyledons foliaceous. — Herbs or shrubs ; peduncles
short, one- or few-flowei-ed, opposite to the leaf; flowers yellow.

Sect. 1. Eucorchorus. — Stamens liypogynous ; cupule none. — Suffruteseent,

usually annual herbs.

9*. C. olitorius, L. Glabrous ; leaves ovate-oblong or ovate, pointed, serrate : two
lowest serratures pointing backward and terminating in a long bristle ; flowers subsolitary ;
petals spathulate, equalling the sepals ; stamens indefinite ; capsule glabrous, linear , straight-
ish, coruiculate at the top with 5 short poiuts, b-locu/ar .- spurious transverse dissepiments
complete. — Pot. Mag. t. 2810. — Stem herbaceous, 6r— 9* high; leaves belong, or smaller;
petals 3"'-4'" long; capsule 2" long, 2'" diam., subcylindrical, torulose. — Hab. Naturalized
in Jamaica!, Wits.; Trinidad!, Cr. ; [introduced from the East Indies or tropical Africa].

10. C. astuans, L. “Stem glabrous, with a line of pubescence; leaves ovate, acumi-
nate, serrate: two lowest serratures pointing backward and terminating in a short bristle;
flowers fascicled ; capsule puberulous, linear, straight, corniculate at the top with 3 bifid
teeth, S -locular . ’ Br . Jam. f. 25. f. 1 ; Jacq. H. Find. 1. t. 85. — C. campestris, Macf.—-
I have not seen this plant, which is said to resemble much C. siliquosus ; the diagnosis, is
taken from the quoted figures. — Hab. Jamaica (P. Br., Macf.), not common; [Guiana],

11. C. acutangulus, Lam. Stem hairy; leaves ovate, pointed, glabrescent, serrate:
serratures equal; flowers subfascicled (usually 2-1); capsule glabrous, oblong-linear, 6-
angled, with 2 or 3 of the angles winged, straight, corniculate at the top with 3 entire or
bifid points, 3 -locular: spurious tranverse dissepiments incomplete. — Wight, Ic. 3. t. 739.—
Capsule S'" long, 21" diam. — My diagnosis is taken from African specimens. — Hab. West
Indies ( Benth .), e.g. Barbadoes; [all tropical continents],

12. C. siliquosus, L. Glabrous; leaves ovate, acuminate, or oblong-lanceolate, ser-

rate: serratures equal; flowers fascicled (4-1); petals obovate or spathulate, usually some-
what exceeded by the narrow sepals ; stamens cc-“ 4 ;” capsule glabrous, and puberulous along
the sutures, linear, straight, cornicidate at the top with two bifid teeth, 2-/ocu/ar : spurious
transverse dissepiments none. — SI. t. 94. /. 1 ; As. Gr. Gen. Bor. Amer. 2. t. 137 : the
capsule-teeth are wanting, but I see no difference in North American and West Indian spe-
cimens—A suffruteseent herb, l'-3' high : stem usually with a single line of minute hairs ;
leaves 12 -3 long, but often much smaller; petals about 2"' long; capsule long 1"'

broad, subcompressed, not torulose.— Hab. Jamaica!, Macf, Wils., March, common along
roadsides; Antigua!, Nichols .; S. Vincent!, Guild.; [Florida! to Texas!: Cuba!, Haiti fj
Panama !, New Granada!].

, kirtus, L. Stem hairy ; leaves ovate-lanceolate or oblong, glabrescent, crenate-

toothed: teeth equal; flowers fascicled (3-1) ; petals spathulate; stamens indefinite; capsule
nany, linear, curved at the base, acuminate at the top with the point entire, 2 -locular-
spurious transverse dissepiments none.— Plum. t. 103./. 2; Jacq. II. Find. 3. t 58 —
C tort'pes, St. Hil.—k suffruteseent herb : hairs scattered ; leaves l"-2" long ; petals 3"'-
long; capsule 1 -li” long, 1/" diam., subtorulose.— IIab. Antigua!, Nichols.; [Gua-
deloupe !; Venezuela !, Brazil !]. L

Sect. 2. Guazumoides.— Stamens inserted into the top of a short gynophore,
surrounded at the base by a repand cupule. — Shrubs.

Jl- 9: kirsutus, L. Tomentose; leaves ovate-lanceolate or oblong and blunt, crenate,
nW-uiT V ^enea Pe<^lce^s (8-2) umbellate, nearly as long as their peduncle ; petals
ii ’o)ong, equalling the calyx; stamens indefinite; capsule furfuraceous-lanugiuose,
I mg, blunt , curved, with the pedicel ^-locular. —Jacq. Amer. Piet. t. 157.— C. lanugi-

98

T1LIACE/E.

nosus, Macf. ! — A shrub, 2,-6l high : leaves l"-2" long, variable in shape, down, thickness
of veins, nud regularity of erenatures ; sepals tomentose, 3'" long ; capsule 6m long, 2"'-3" '
thick, nearly as long as the pedicel. — Hab. Jamaica!, Macf., At., Wits.-, Bahamas!,
Swains. ; [Cuba !, Portorico !, S. Thomas !, S. Croix !, S. Martin] ■. chiefly on the seacoast.

3. MTJNTINGIA, L.

Sepals 5 (-7). Petals 5 (-7). Stamens indefinite, distinct. Ovary 5 (4-6) -celled :
stigma sessile, pyramidal, with as many angles. Pericarp baccate : seeds very numerous,
minute, ovoid, affixed to laminar placentas, which divide the cells ; embryo cylindrical, axile,
with the cotyledons nearly equalling the radicle. — A tree or shrub ; pedicels axillary, fas-
cicled or solitary ; flowers white.

The pedicels are enlarged at the top into a sort of disc, which has been taken for a calyx-
tube, but is persistent.

15. M. Calabura, L.—Sl. t. 194; Jacq. Jmer. Piet. t. 158; Fuss. FI. 4. t. 21 ;
T)esc. FI. 5. t. 368. — A low tree, 10,~30, high, sometimes reduced to a dwarfish shrub;
branches villous or glandular, leafy ; leaves 6"-2" long, oblong, or oblong-lanceolate, acumi-
nate, semicordate at the base, velvety above, hoary-tomentose beneath : petiole long,

nearly equalling the linear stipules; pedicels H-l long; petals 6'" long, obovate, scarcely
exceeding the filiform point of the lanceolate sepals ; torus hairy ; berry globose, red, 6"'-8"
diam.

a. Branches covered with glands ; leaves oblong, much exceeding the pedicels.

0. trinitensis, branches villous, not glandular; leaves oblong-lanceolate, twice the length
of the pedicels. ,

Hab. Jamaica !, Macf, AL, March, Wits., common in the lower hills (a) ; Trinidad !,
Pd^ Cr. OS) ; [Haiti!; Mexico ! to Ecuador!, and equatorial Brazil!].

Tribe II. SI OA NF2E. — Sepals connate at the base (or in the inner whorl distinct).

Anthers oblong, or linear: connective produced beyond the cells.

4. APEIBA, Aubl.

Calyx deeply 5 (-4) -partite. Petals 5 (-4). Stamens indefinite : anthers oblong, introrse,
produced above the cells into a foliaceous point. Ovary 8- or many-celled : ovules indefinite ;
style simple, with an enlarged, incurved stigma. Capsule echinate, or muricate : cells pulpy.

- — Trees or shrubs ; leaves alternate ; inflorescence lateral, opposite to the leaves.

16. A. Tibourbou, Aubl. Leaves oblong, acuminate, cordate at the base, serrate-

toothed, glabrate above, hirsute beneath with stellate down : petioles and branchlets villous;
peduncles few-flowered; calyx-segments lanceolate, spreading, glabrous internally, densely
hirsute externally, exceeding the obovate petals; exterior series of stamens connate at the
base; style exserted ; ovary 20-10-locular; “capsule echinate. Aubl . .. I ■ s ru ,

or low tree, 8'-10' high; leaves 6"-8" long; flowers golden-yellow, highly fragrant (IV.) ;
calyx 6"'-8"' long ; stamens multiserial : appendage of anthers pointed or emargmate, halt
the length of the cells, which open first at the adnate top and at length by Jongitudma
fissures; “capsule depressed, orbicular, dehiscent at the base , 8"-4 diam. — Hab.
Vincent!, Guild.; Trinidad!, Loclch., Cr., near Fort George; [Mexico!, Panama!, New
Granada ! (chiefly in hot savannahs : Pel.), Guiana !, Brazil ! as far as Minas Geraes .J.

5. SLOANEA, Z.

Calyx-segments 4-5-8, uni-biseriate. Petals 0. Stamens indefinite : anthers elongated,
corniculate at the top. Ovary 4-5-locular : ovules several in each cell ; style : simple _or di-
vided at the top. Capsule woody, echinate, loculicidal : seeds anllate. Embryo stra 01 ,
with large, subcarnose cotyledons: albumen thin— Trees; leaves alternate; mflorescenc

^TwTgenus is remarkable from exhibiting in several species structural exceptions from the
otherwise universal character of the Order, namely, a persistent calyx in 5. smemanensrs,
and monadelphous stamens in S. synandva , Spruce, MSS.

17. S. jamaicensis, Hook.! Leaves oblong, acuminate, subentire, glabrous: stipules

RHAMNE2E.

99

small, caducous; pedicels solitary, cernuous; calyx biseriate, velvety: exterior 4-partite,
with the segmeuts ovate, pointed, interior 4-phyllous, with the sepals half as broad, and
somewhat shorter, trifid or subentire ; stamens pubescent, exceeded by the outer calyx : Jila
ments very short : anthers oblong-linear, opening by infraterminal pores, much exceeding
their appendage, half as long as the simple style ; capsule 4-locular, globose. — Hook. Ic. t.
693-696. — A high tree, 60-100' high, often 4' in diam. ; outer calyx 6'", inner 4"'-5'"
long ; anthers 2"' long, subcordate at the base and tapering at the top towards their bluntish,
short appendage ; capsule 3"-4" diam., echinate with straight bristles ; seeds “ enveloped in
a scarlet pulp.” — Hab. Jamaica 1, Pd., in the mountains of S. Anns.

18. S. Massoni, Sw. ! Leaves oval, rounded at the top, subentire or obsoletely
toothed, glabrate : petiole pubescent : stipules linear, elongated ; flowers racemose : racemes
pubescent, much exceeded by the leaf ; calyx uniseriate, 5-6-partite : segments oblong-
lanceolate, acuminate ; stamens pubescent, exceeding the calyx : filaments linear, as long as
the anthers: anthers subulate-linear, opening by oval pores, which at length pass into lateral
fissures, with the filiform appendage as long as the cells ; style exserted, 5(-4)-fid, with the
branches linear (sometimes cohering), and the stigmas minute ; “ capsule 4-locular, sub-
globose.” — A high tree; leaves usually 8"-12" long: stipules 6'" long; racemes 8-12-
flowered, somewhat compound : pedicels 6'" long, subunilateral ; calyx 3'", stamens 4'" long.
Swartz’s description is erroneous in several particulars (viz. “ the short filaments and a
simple style ”). — Hab. Dominica!, Imr. ; S. Kitts!, Masson; [Guiana].

19. S. sinemariensis, Aubl.l Glabrous; leaves oval, rounded at the top or with a
blunt point, subentire : petiole tumid at both ends, shorter than or equalling the limb :
stipules minute, caducous ; flowers corymbose : corymb shorter than or equalling the petiole ;
calyx uniseriate, 5-partite, persistent : segments small, lanceolate, puberulous ; stamens . . .;
style &-5-fid at the top, equalling the capsule-bristles, with linear branches and minute
stigmas; capsule ovoid-globose, 4-5-locular or unilocular by abortion, 5-1-seeded. — Aubl. t.
212. — S. Aubletii, Sw. ! — Leaves 6"-8" long, 3|"-4" broad; corymbs 3-9-flowered ; calyx
1"', ovary 2'" long: cells inany-ovulate ; style-branches short (sometimes cohering) ; capsule
woody, subbivalved, 6"' long, 5"' broad, covered with straight, brownish, setaceous, pubes-
cent, 2",-long bristles ; seeds ovoid-globose, almost wholly enveloped within a pulpy arillus :
embryo straight, with large, obovate, snbcarnose cotyledons, thicker than the enclosing
albumen-layer.— Hab. S. Kitts!, Sw. ; Trinidad!, Pd., Cr., in the mountains of S. Anns;
[Guiana !].

XXX. BHAMNErE.

Calyx valvate, 5-4-lobed. Stamens alternate with the calyx-lobes, inserted into the
margin of a perigynous disc. Pistil syncarpous : ovules 1 (-2) in each cell. Embryo
straight : radicle inferior ; albumen scanty or none. — Shrubs or trees ; leaves simple, sti-
pulate. ’

Gouania domingensis yields a stomachic drug, Colubrina reclinata, a fermented drink
{Mabie of S. Lucia). Sarcomphalus laurinus is one of the best timber-trees of Jamaica.

1. FRANGULA, T.

Calyx free from the ovary, at length circumscissile, leaving its cupulate tube below the
fruit. Petals cucullate; disc thin. Drupe 3(2-4)-pyrenous : seeds not grooved, with a la-
teral raphe ; cotyledons flat. — Leaves alternate ; flowers clustered in axillary cy mules.

V sphserocarpa, Gr. Leaves elliptical, pointleted, serrate, glabrous ; cymules
umbclliform, exceeded by the petiole: peduncle nearly as long as the pedicels, simple, or
simply divided; flowers perfect, 5-androus; calyx shortly campanulate : lobes as long as the
tube, twice as long as the bilobed petals and stamens ; style simple ; stigma 3-globose ;
(rupe globose: seeds oblong.” — Ceanotlius, DC. llhainiius sphmrospermus, Sw. / — Habit

ot Khamnus alptna: 10'-15'high, unarmed; leaves 4"-3" long, rounded at the base: prin-
cipal veins 8-10 on each side, curved near the margin ; petioles, younger branchlets, pedi-
cels, and calyx slightly puberulous ; calyx V" long : tube equalling the style.— Hab. Ja-
maica!, Pd., Al., in the mountains, e.y. S. Anns, Fort Royal.

h 2

100

RIIAMNETE.

2. CONDALIA, Cat.

Calyx free from the ovary, turbinate : lobes heeled on the inside. Petals 0 : disc fleshy,
surrounding the free ovary. Drupe with a 2-1-locular putaraen : cotyledons flat. — Leaves
alternate, or approximate by pairs, glabrous, quite entire ; flowers axillary, clustered or
solitary.

2. C. ferrea, Gr. Unarmed ; leaves oval or lanceolate-oval, usually emarginale, or blunt,
approximate by pairs ; cymes equalling the petiole, umbelliform, shortly peduucled, or sessile ;
calyx deeply 5-fid: lobes spreading, pointed, nearly as long as the stamens; stigma bi-
lobed. — Vahl, Symb. 3. t. 58. — Rhamnus, V. Zizyphus emarginalus, Sw. Ceanothus
ferreus, DC. Scutia, Brongn. — A shrub : branchlets powdery, but soon entirely glabrous ;
leaves arch-nerved, variable, 20w-12m long, 12l"-6"' broad: petiole 2"'-3"' long; calyx
scarcely V" long, spreading ; filaments much longer than the anther, exceeding the pistil ;
ovary 2-locular: 5 stigma-lobes divergent, blunt. — Hab. Bahamas!, Swains.; Jamaica!,
Al. ; Dominica!, Pint. ; S. Vincent 1, Guild.

3. SARCOMPHALDS, F. Br.

Calyx free from the ovary, turbinate, at leDgth circumscissile, leaving its entire base below
the fruit : lobes spreading, keeled on the inside. Petals cucullate, long-clawed : disc filling
up the calyx-tube, and closely surrounding the free ovary. “ Drupe with a bilocular puta-
men : cells perforated at their upper end.” — A tree: branchlets thorny ; leaves alternate,
glabrous, quite entire ; flowers cernuous, in axillary panicles-, the divisions alternate along
the peduncle, few-flowered, corymbiform.

P. Browne’s geuus, which is here restored, was considered by Brongniart as a doubtful
congener of Condalia ferrea : it is however distinguished (though nearly allied) by its per-
fect flowers, which resemble those of Ceanothus, by a thicker, glanduliferous disc, by its
high, arboreous growth, and chiefly by the peculiar inflorescence, which recalls that of many
Laurinece, and is without analogy among the Rhamnece I am acquainted with. The ripe
drupe, which I have not seen, seems to afford another generic character, if the following de-
scription (quoted from Lun. Ht. 1. p. 120) is correct: — “ Fruit purple, globose, %" diam. ; nut
surrounded by a mealy, esculent pulp, ovate, penetrated above by 2 ovate holes, which lead
to the cells.” — Kunth has described the anthers as being posticous, and Brongniart adopts
this structure as a differential character from all. other Rhamnece, with the exception of
Zizyphus havanensis : in both plants however I find the anthers not very peculiar, the cells
being short, and obliquely diverging from the connective, so that they burst upwards and
somewhat laterally at the same time.

3. S. laurinus, Gr. — Rhamnus sarcomphalus, L. ; Ceanothus, DC. ; Scutia, Brongn. —
A high tree, quite glabrous, with the exception of the puberulous peduncles and flowers ;
leaves ovate/ or broadly oval, bluntly emarginate, arch-nerved, somewhat leathery, usually 2"
long, H" broad : petiole 3'"-4'" long ; stipules minute ; panicles about half as long as the
leaf ■ calyx 1"' long : lobes equalling the petals and stamens ; ovary bilocular : stigma shortly
bilobed.— -Hab. Jamaica !, Macfl, March, common in the southern districts.

4. COLUBRINA, Rich.

Calyx adnate at the base, spreading, at length circumscissile, with the persistent base ad-
nate to the fruit ; lobes keeled on the inside. Petals spathulate. Ovary immersed into the
flat disc. Capsule tricoccous : cocci dehiscent on the inner side ; testa polished.— Shrubs or
trees; leaves alternate; flowers clustered, in axillary cy mules.

4. C. ferruginosa, Brong. Arboreous; branchlets rusty -lomentose ; leaves ovate or
oblong, quite entire, rusty-tomentose beneath, or glabrate with the exception of the nerves ;
cymule’s umbelliform, peduucled, usually 2-3-nate, nearly as long as the petiole ; calyx rusty-
tomentose on the outside ; style Globed at the top; capsule snbglobose, more than twice as
long as the adnate cupule. — Janq. Amer. Piet. t. 74; Br. Jam. t. 12./. 1? Rhamnus
colubrinus, L. Ceanothus, lam. — A low tree ; leaves variable, blunt or pointed, subcordute,
or rounded at the base, eglandular, arch-nerved (while those of C. cubensis are plicate, with
excurrent, pinnate veins), the larger ones 6" long; calyx 2'" diam. : lobes ovate as long as
the petals; capsule black, 4"' diam— Hab. Bahamas!, Swains.; Jamaica!, AL, March;
Antigua !, Nichols. ; [Cuba !].

RIIAMNE/E.

101

5. C. reclinata, Brongn. Branch lets glabrescent ; leaves elliptical or elliptical-lan-
ceolate, quite entire, glandulif erous on the margin above the base , glabrous or slightly pu-
berulous and glabrescent beneath ; cymules contracted ; calyx puberulous on the outside ;
style deeply 'A-Jid ; capsule globose, three times as long as the adnate cupule. — F. Br.
t. 29. /. 2. — Ceanothus, L’ller. Rhamnus ellipticus, Sw. — A shrub or low tree ; leaves
3"-l" long, 2f,~ G,,f broad, usually pointleted, blunt at the top, arch-nerved, long-petioled ;
calyx IV" diam. ; capsule purplish, 2"'-3"' diam. — IIab. Jamaica!, Macf, March , in the
mountains; S. Lucia!, S. Vincent!, Guild.; [Cuba!, Haiti!].

6. C. asiatica, Brongn. Glabrous; leaves ovate, serrulate ; cymules shortly peduncled,
exceeded by the petiole during anthesis ; calyx glabrous ; style shortly S-lobed; capsule glo-
bose, obovatc, three times as long as the adnate cupule. — Cav. Ic. t 440./. 1. — Ceanothus,
L. Rhamnus, Lam.— A. shrub : branchlets cylindrical, quite glabrous ; leaves 2V/_1V; long,
arch-nerved, and somewhat triplinerved, loug-petioled ; calyx 1"'-1V" diam.; capsule 4'"
diam.; greenish ; seeds roundish-oval, convex on the back, somewhat angular on the inside :
cotyledons fleshy, flat, as thick as the albumen, which is divided, its two portions corre-
sponding with the sides of the seed. — Hab. Jamaica!, March; [East Indies!, Pacific
Islands].

5. REISSEKIA, Bndl.

Calyx-tube adnate : lobes replicative-valvate. Petals cucullate : disc lining the calyx-tube,
without free lobes. Style 3-fid. Capsule tricoccous, winged : the three wings bipartitioned
by the separation of the indehiscent cocci. — Climbing shrubs, bearing tendrils; leaves al-
ternate, arch-nerved ; flowers in peduncled, axillary, umbelliform cymes.

The structure of the calyx-lobes is peculiar, the replicate margin being membranaceous,
while there is an ovate, thickish area in the middle. If compared with Gouania, it appears
that this area is covered by the disc, and that the difference of that genus consists chiefly in
the calyx-lobes being free from the disc-lobes, which in Reisse/cia are adnate : the genus
may, however, be retained, as by its inflorescence it is a link between Colubrina and Goua-
nia, two types so remote from each other in other respects.

7. R. smilacina, Endl. Leaves cordate-oblong, pointleted, minutely serrate, glabrous
or glabrate ; peduncles usually as long as the leaf ; capsule emarginate : wings three times
as broad as the seed, somewhat spongy. — FI. Flum. 2. t. 137- — Gouania, Sm. G. cordi-
fblia, Radd. Cclastrus umbellatus, Ft. Flum. — Branchlets slender, puberulous, at length
glabrate ; leaves 2" long, the upper ones smaller ; cocci 2'" in the middle : wings 4'" long,
with a transverse diameter of 5"'-6w. — Hab. Trinidad!, Lockli. ; [Brazil!].

6. GOUANIA, L.

Calyx-tube adnate. Petals convolute-spathulate : disc 5-lobed, with the lobes free and
opposite the calyx-lobes. Style 3-fid. Capsule tricoccous, usually winged : the three wings
bipartitioned by the separation of the indehiscent cocci. — Climbing shrubs : some of the
branchlets transformed into tendrils; leaves alternate, penninerved ; flowers clustered
( partly incomplete ) : the clusters arranged along axillary and terminal, elongated pe-
duncles.

8. G. domingensis, L. Leaves elliptical, glabrous or glabrate, serrate : serratures
blunt, distant : veins tapering towards the margin ; racemes pubescent ; capsule winged,
glabrous, emarginate ; the wings twice as broad as the cell. — Jacq. Amer. Piet. t. 264./. 96.

G. glabra, Jacq. — Leaves usually 1 V'-2" long : the serratures either eglandular or with a mi-
nute gland, sometimes obsolete ; capsule 3"'-4"' long, 4"'-5"' broad, with a deep terminal
notch.— IIab. Jamaica!, Macf, common; Dominica!, Imr.; S. Vincent!, Guild. ; [Cuba,
Guiana!, equatorial Brazil!].

9. G. tomentosa, Jacq. Leaves usually tomentose or pubescent beneath, ovate or
ovatc-oblong, subcordatc at the base, crenatc-serrate : veins thickish the whole of their
ength, and running into the glanduliferous serratures ; racemes villous-tomentose ; capsule
winged, somewhat hairy, subtruncate : the wings twice as broad as the cell. — Jacq. Amer.

1 ict. t. 262./ 71. — Nearly related to the preceding, and occurring sometimes with glabrate
leaves ; capsule smaller, very slightly emarginate, 2"'-3"' long, 3"'-4"' broad.

a. Leaves hoaiy-tomentose beneath.

102

AMPELIDEjE.

P. pubescens, Lam. Leaves pubescent or glabrate beneath. — Lam. III. t. 845. /. 1. — Of
Ibis form I have seen the ripe capsule only : the Trinidad specimens are intermediate be-
tween both forms. — Hab. Trinidad !, Cr.; [Cuba !, Mexico ! to Brazil !].

XXXI. AMPELIDE/E.

Stamens 4-5, opposite to the valvate petals, inserted usually on the outside of an hypo-
gynous disc. Pistil syncarpous : stigma simple : ovules 2 (-1) in each cell. Embryo mi-
nute, in the top of the hard, fleshy albumen : radicle inferior. — Woody plants, mostly climb-
ing by tendrils, which, like the peduncles, are opposite to the stipulate leaves.

The sap contains several organic acids, of which some use is made in colonial medicine.
The copious, aqueous sap of Cissus sicyoides and Vitis caribcea, which is analogous to the
spring-sap of the grape-vine, affords a pleasant drink to travellers.

1. CISSUS, Z.

(Spondylantha, Prl.)

Calyx short, subentire. Petals 4 (-5), distinct. Disc 4(-5)-lobed. Ovary 2-celled:
cells 2-ovulate. Berry usually 1 (-2) -seeded by abortion. — Elowers small, umbellate: the
umbels compound or tnchotomous.

1. C. sicyoides, Z. Stem climbing by tendrils, obtusangled-terete ; leaves simple,
cordate-oblong, cordate, or ovate, glabrous (or puberulous) : serratnres setaceous, distant, ap-
pressed ; rays of the general umbel simply bi-trichotomous ; petals 4, greenish-yellow ; style
long; berry subglobose, black, one-seeded (4,w diam.). — SI. t. 144./. 1; P. Br. t. 4./.
1. 2; Jacq. Amer. Piet. t. 20; I) esc. FI. 5. t. 809, 311; 7- t- 481. — C. ovata, Lam.
C. smilacina, Kth. C. venatorum, Besc. C. latifolia, Besc. Spondylantha aphylla, Prl.
(PI. Rank. 2. t. 53): a common monstrosity, with the inflorescence transformed into a
system of equisetiform branches, as occurs likewise in C. acida. — A high climber. — Hab. Ja-
maica 1, Bist., Al., JFils., March; Dominica!, Imr.j S. Vincent!, Guild.; [Cuba, Mexico 1
to New Granada!, Guiana!].

2. C. trifoliata, Z., Sw. ( non Jacq). Stem climbing by tendrils, angular; leaves tri-
fuliolate : leaflets ovate, glabrous, serrate, chiefly above the middle, or subentire, the lateral
ones oblique : serratures accumbent, distant, setaceous ; rays of the general umbel puberu-
lous, usually bifid ; petals 4, scarlet (together with the pedicels) ; style long ; berry purple,
ovoul-globose (3w-2m diam.), one-seeded. — Plum. ed. Burm. t. 259./. 4; SI. t. 144./. 2;
Puss. FI. 1. 1. 16 ; Besc. FI. 3. t. 167— C. microcarpa, V. C. obovata, V.: the form with
subentire leaflets. C. caustica. Puss. C. intermedia, Rich.: a form with the leaflets cu-
neate at the base. — A high climber.- — -Hab. Jamaica !, Bist., Al., March ; Caribbean Islands ;
[New Granada!].

3. C. acida, L. Stem climbing by tendrils : branchlets (together with the leaves)
somewhat succulent, subterete-striated ; leaves trifoliolate : leaflets cuneate-obovate, rounded
at the top, glabrous, deeply toothed above the middle : teeth contiguous, spreading, broad,
pointed; rays of the general umbel simple; petals 4, greenish-yellow ; style long; berry
black, globose (2'" diam.), one-seeded. — Plum. ed. Burm. t. 259. /. 5 ; SI. t. 142. / 6 ;
Jacq. Schcenbr. 1. t. 33; Besc. FI. 5. t. 348. — C. emarginata, Sw. C. alata, Besc. — A
low climber. — Hab. Jamaica !, March, in the low lands ; Bahamas !, Swains.

C. rhombifolia, V., of Trinidad, is doubtful : it is to be compared with the hirsute C. alata,
Lam. (C. trifoliata, Jacq. Amer. Piet. t. 259. /. 8. exclus. synon.).

2. VITIS, Z.

Calyx short, subentire or obsoletely 5-lobed. Petals 5, cohering at the top. Bisc
5-lobed. Ovary of Cissus. Berry 2(— 4)-seedcd. — Elowers small, umbellate : umbels in
dense panicles.

4. V. caribaea, BO. Leaves broadly cordate, pointleted, glabrcscent above, rufescent
or whitish beneath with subtomeutose down (which persists sometimes only on the nerves)

TERNSTRCEMIACE/E.

103

toothed : teeth terminated with a gland ; flowers 'polygamous , in racemifonn panicles ; berry
purple, globose (2W-3W diam.) : seeds obovate, flat on the ventral, convex and grooved on the
dorsal side. — Plum. eel. Burnt, t. 259. f. 3 ; 81. t. 210. /’. 4 ; Desc. FI. 5. t. 310. — Cissus
cordifolia, L. {ex cit. Plum.). Vitis iudica, Sw. V. Labrusca, Desc. {non Z.). — Young
shoots occur with the leaves green on both sides, and obsoletely lobed (as in Sloane’s figure).
— IIab. Jamaica!, Mac/., Al., March ; Leeward Islands ; [Cuba!, Mexico!, Venezuela!].

XXXII. TERNSTRCEMIACEiE.

Sepals imbricative, in two or several 2-3-leaved whorls. Stamens indefinite, often adhe-
ring to the corolla at their base. Pistil syncarpous. Embryo cylindrical, or with the coty-
ledons foliaceous : albumen thin, or none. — Woody plants; leaves simple , alternate , exsti-
pulate, usually leathery.

No general property is known, but that mucilage and tannic acid are present : the peculiar
principle of Thea is confined to that genus.

1. TERN STRCEMIA, L.

Sepals in three whorls : two exterior smaller, two iu the middle, three interior. Petals 5,
coherent at the base, staminiferous. Anthers linear, erect. Ovary 2-5-celled : cells 2-4-
ovulate ; style simple. Pericarp dry, cartilaginous : seeds wingless, albuminous. Embryo
cylindrical, semiannular: radicle superior. — Shrubs, or low trees; leaves polished: veins
usually inconspicuous ; peduncles axillary, simple ; flowers white.

1. T. elliptica, Sw., V. Leaves spathulate or elliptical, bluntish, quite entire, without
black dots : veins obsolete ; peduncles solitary, about twice as long as the petiole, much ex-
ceeded by the leaf, subcompressed; sepals rounded (2",-3", long) ; fruit ovate. — DC. Ternstr.
in Mem. Geneve, 1. t. 1 : a narrow-leaved form. — T. meridionalis, W. {non Sw.) : a name
better suppressed, as Mutis’s homonym is probably T. clusiifolia, Kth. (T. brevipes, DC.),
which is distinguished by emarginate leaves. T. peduncularis, DC., Rich. Cub. T. lineata,
DC. — A low tree ; leaves variable, 3" long, 1 V'-l" broad ; peduncles cernuous, about 8'"
long. — IIab. Dominica!, Imr., in mountain-woods; [Cuba, Guadeloupe!, Mexico, Panama!].

2. T. obovalis, Rich. Leaves obovate or spathulate, rounded or subemarginate at the
top, cuneate at the base, quite entire, without black dots : veins inconspicuous ; peduncles
solitary, nearly as long as the leaf, subcompressed ; sepals roundish, submucronate (3'"-4w
long) ; fruit globose. — -Rich. Cub. t. 25. — T. meridionalis, Sw., V., Macf. ! — A low tree ;
leaves stiff, revolute on the margin, 2|"-2" long, 12"'-6"' broad : petiole short, 1 '"-2"' long;
fruit 6'" diam. : seeds silky, scarlet. — IIab. Jamaica !, Pd., in mountain-woods ; Dominica
{Sw.) ; [Cuba, Guadeloupe!].

2. CLEYERA, Tlmnb.

Sepals and petals of Ternstrcemia. Anthers erect. Ovary 3-2(-4)-celled : cells 2-4-
ovulate ; style 3-2(-4)-lobed. Pericarp baccate, at length dry. Seeds of Ternstrcemia
testa crustaceous. — Shrubs, or low trees ; peduncles axillary ; flowers yellowish or white.

3. Cl. theoides, Planch. {MS.). Glabrous or glabrate; leaves obovate-oblong or lan-

ceolate-elliptical, tapering at the base, serrate ; peduncles subsolitary, simple, cernuous, 3-4
times exceeding the petiole : bracteolcs small, deciduous ; sepals oval, ciliate (2m long) ; an-
thers obovate, biporose, mucronate, with a few bristles; style 3 (-4) -lobed.— Sw. FI. t. 19:
anal. Bot. Mag. t. 4546. — Freziera, Sw. F. Nimanimm, Ttd.! F. ilicioides, Tut. E. ele-
gans, Tut. Cl. elegans, Chois. — A low tree ; leaves long, 12,,,-8W broad, somewhat

veiny beneath ; petals whitish, exceeding the calyx ; stamens included : anthers opening by
two oblong, iutrorse pores, which are almost half as long as the cells ; berry globose, purple :
swds oval, compressed, If" long, four in each cell, or fewer by abortion.' — IIab. Jamaica !,
Macf., Wits., in the higher mountains ; [Cuba!, Guadeloupe; Veraguas!].

3. FREZIERA, Sw. {excites, sp.).

Sepals of Ternstrcemia. Petals 5, distinct. Anthers erect. Ovary 3-5-cel!ed : cells

104

OCllNAGEiE.

multiovulale : stigmas distinct. Pericarp dry. Seeds of Ternstrcemia. — Trees; leaves
veined; flowers axillary, clustered, usually polygamous.

4. F. undulata, Sw. Branchlets glabrate : down subsericeous, very early disappearing ;
leaves lanceolate, acuminate, oblique at the base, obtusely serrate, glabrous ; flowers fas-
cicled: pedicels nearly as long as the petiole ; sepals rounded, ciliate, three times exceeded
by the obovate-oblong petals: outer series half as long; stigma shortly 3-lobed. — F. Pcrro-
tetiana. Till. Ternstroemia salicifolia, DC. T. dentata, Sieb. Mart. 315! — A high tree;
leaves 6"-3" long, 20"'-12'" broad : veins conspicuous on both sides, tertiary ones minutely
reticulated ; pedicels usually 3-5, 3"' long ; petals whitish, 3"' long ; stamens in ? provided
with an oblong anther, but devoid of polleu ; fruit globose, mucronate : cells about 6-8-
seeded. — Hab. S. Kitts 1, 31ass.; Montserrat, Dominical, Imr.; Trinidad!, Sieb.

5. F. hirsuta, Sm. Branchlets and petioles densely villous, or at length glabreseent:
hairs long, spreading, ferruginous ; leaves oblong, pointleted, oblique at the base, obtusely
serrate, hairy beneath along the nerves ; flowers glomerate : pedicels nearly as long as the
calyx, much exceeded by the petiole ; sepals rounded, ciliate, three times exceeded by the
oval-oblong petals: outer series shorter; stigma 3-globose. — Eroteum undulatum, V. Tern-
stroemia crenata, Mac/. Nearly related to the preceding ; hut the down, which so soon dis-
appears in the young branchlets of the latter, is quite different. — Hab. Jamaica!, March;
S. Vincent 1, Guild.

4. LAPLACEA, Kth.

(Hsemocharis, Salisb.)

Sepals in 3-2 whorls. Petals 5 (-10), distinct. Anthers roundish, incumbent. Ovary
5 (-2) -celled : stigmas distinct. Capsule woody, loculicidal. Seeds compressed, produced at
the top into an oblong, membranaceous wing : testa woody, in the cylindrical hole of which
the straight exalbuminous embryo is imbedded. — Trees or shrubs ; flowers large, solitary,
shortly peduncled.

Gordonia is distinguished by leafy, biplicate cotyledons ; Sluartia by the wingless seeds,
and the albuminous embryo.

6. li. haematoxylon, Camb. Branchlets puberulous, glabreseent ; leaves elliptical,

shortly petioled, obtusely serrate, glabrous or glabrate ; sepals 7, glabrous : exterior whorls
smaller ; petals 5, obcordate, white ; ovary tomentose : stigmas 5, subsessile ; capsule oblong-
lanceolate, 5 (-3) -angular: cells 2-seeded. — Gordonia, Sw. — A tree, 20'-30' high; leaves
bluntish at both ends, 3"-4" long, broad; petals 10'” long ; capsule-valves l"long:

seeds 2-3 times exceeded by the wing. — Hab. Jamaica !, Macf., in mountain-woods.

7. Sj. villosa, Gr. Branchlets villous ; leaves obovate, blunt, subsessile, crenate or
subentire, villous or glabrate beneath : down persistent along the midrib ; sepals 7, pubes-
cent externally : exterior whorls smaller ; petals 5, obovate, silky on the outside ; ovary
villous : styles 5 ; capsule oblong-linear, 5-angular : “ cells 5- seeded .” — Gordonia, Macf. ! —
A shrub, 5'— 8' high ; leaves usually 2" long, li" broad; capsule 1" long.— Hab. Jamaica 1,
Macf., in the mountains.

XXXIII. OCIINACEiE.

Sepals imbricative : two exterior. Stamens inserted into a short carpophore : anthers
articulated with the filament, long, opening with two terminal pores. Pistil mostly syncar-
pous : ovary usually 5-lobed. Embryo straight. — Woody plants ; leaves simple, alternate,
stipulate, shining ; pedicels articulated.

No remarkable properties are known, but an astringent principle exists in the hark and
pericarp, and a fat oil in the seeds.

1. GOMPI-IIA, Schreb.

Sepals 5. Petals 5. Stamens 10 : anthers erect, oblong. Ovary deeply 5-lobcd: cells
uniovulate ; style simple, central. Drupes 5 ( — 1), inserted into the convex carpophore.
Embryo exalbuminous. — Leaves petioled : veins curved, reticulated : (stipules in the

American species lateral) ; cymes terminal, racemiform or paniculate-, flowers yellow.

1. G. laurifolia, Sw. Leaves quite entire, elliptical-lanceolate : veins prominulous ,

GUTTIFERjE.

105

panicle densely corymbiform : pedicels 6-10 times as long as the globose bud ; anthers with-
out transverse furrows ; drupes globose. — Ann. Mus. 17. t. 15. — A tree, 15'-20' high;
leaves 3" long, 1" broad ; buds before anthesis lR” long; sepals oval, as long as the petals. —
FIab. Jamaica!, Pd., Macf., sparingly in rocky woods, S. Anns.

2. G. gnianensis, Rich. Leaves quite entire, or with small, blunt, distant serratures,
elliptical-oblong : veins delicate ; panicle lax, corymbiform : pedicels about twice as long as
the large, ovate, blunt bud; anthers without distinct rugosities ; drupes “ globose.” —Aubl. t.
152; Ann. Mus. 17.1. 20,24. — Ouratea ,Aubl. G. nitida,71C'. ( notSio .) G. Candollci, Planch.
G. jainaicensis, Planch. ! — A tree, remarkable by its flowers, which are larger than
in the other West Indian species ; leaves 4"-2|" long, 2£"-li" broad, leathery, variable
in being blunt or pointed at both ends ; buds before anthesis 4m long ; sepals oval, a little
shorter than the petals. — FIab. Jamaica!, Macf., Al., in the district of S. Anns; [French
Caribbean Islands, Guiana, equatorial Brazil"].

3. G. longifolia, DC. Leaves quite entire, or with obsolete serratures above, oblong,
acuminate, rounded or subcordate at the base, shortly petioled ; panicle lax, spreading :
pedicels somewhat longer than the large, ovate, blunt bud ; petals as long as the ovate-
oblong sepals ; anthers without transverse furrows ; drupes . . . . — Ann. Mus. 17. t. 21. — A
tree; leaves 10"-6" long, 3"-2" broad, leathery, veiny, petiole 2"' long; buds 4'" long;
ovary stipitate. — Hab. Dominica!, Imr., in mountain-woods ; [Guadeloupe].

4. G. nitida, Sw. Leaves serrate, with pungent serratures, lanceolate-oblong, taper-
ing into the petiole : veins delicate ; panicle racemiform : pedicels approximate, as long as
oi exceeding the ovate-conical bud ; sepals ovate-lanceolate, acuminate; anthers with trans-
verse j-urrows, tapering towards the top ; drupes globose, at length ovoid, distant upon the
obconical gynophore. — G. Guildingii, Planch. ! : a small-leaved form. — A tree, 40'-50' high ;
leaves / -3" long, 2i"-l" broad, rigid, variable; buds 3,,-2" long, pointed; sepals a little
shorter than the petals ; drapes 2"'-iy" diam. — Hab. Jamaica (Sw.) ; Antigua !, Nichols. ;

S. Vincent !, Guild. ; Trinidad l, Pd.

5. G. pyrifolia, Gr. (n.sp.). Leaves small, serrulate with minute, accumbent serra-

tui es, o\ al-oblong or elliptical-lanceolate : veins prominulous ; cymes racemiform, simple,
lax •. pedicels twice as long as the ovate, blunt bud ; sepals ovate, bluntish ; anthers with
transverse furrows, oblong-linear ; drupes . . .- Branches tortuous : all the smaller branchlets
producing simple racemes ; leaves 2" long, 12"'-6'" broad, rounded at the top, cuneate at
the shortly petioled base ; buds 2'" long ; petals nearly as long as the sepals. — Hab.
Trinidad !, Gr. 1

XXXIY. GUTTIFERiE.

Sepals imbricative, together with the petals in 2-3-leaved whorls. Stamens indefinite (-4) :
anthers adnate. Pistil syncarpous (or reduced). Embryo mostly exalbuminous, straight :
cotyledons large fleshy, often cohering— Woody plants, producing yellow resin ; leaves
simple, opposite (or whorled), usually leathery, and articulated at the base: stipules mostly

Several aend or balsamic chugs are obtained from the resinous juice of Tovomita, Clusia,
Moronobea and CalophyUum. Mammea bears eatable berries, which are however of less
value than those of the cultivated Garcinia Mangostana. Calophyllum Calaba and Tovo-
mita Plumien are stated to he valuable timber-trees.

1. QJJIINA, Aubl.

00 ^mW.U8Uallyr Pol^amOUS- ¥pals 4 (“5)- Peials 4, (5-8), imbricative. Stamens
PeriT,n\ W 7 ^'.tUsh’1lutro[sc- ;y 2-4-cdled : cells 2-1-ovulatc: styles 2-4, distinct,

at lcmrih ,,„iCa-C’ Bee 8 meludedwtthin apprised down. Embryo large, ovoid : cotyledons

flowers ///Unn^ .;abS °r ^recs * ^eaves Stipulate: primary veins costate, distant ;
iiowers small, m racemiform cymes .

nrtl'.w' ,aariaicensis’, Gr‘ Lcavcs opposite, spathidatc- or elliptical-oblong,

S; stipules juxtapctiolar, persistent, linear-subulate, exceeding the petiole;
,/ cymes axillary and terminal, simple, solitary or geminate, twice (or 4 times)

loa

GUTTIFERjE.

exceeded by the leaf: pedicels hairy, opposite or whorled, with the whorls distant ; flowers
unisexual ; sepals 4, ciliate ; petals 4 ; styles 2 ; berry obovatc-globose, iudehiscent. — Brancli-
lets glabrous, cylindrical ; leaves 6"-3" long, 2£"-l" broad, quite entire, with a bluntish
point, tapering at the base: texture of stiff paper : petiole thick, 2"'-4"' long; stipules 4"'-
6'" long ; pedicels about 2"' long, twice as long as the roundish sepals ; berry 5"'-6'" long,
unilocular by abortion, 2-1 -seeded : seeds obovate. — Hab. Jamaica !, Al., March, e.y. at
Moneague.

2. Q. guianensis, Aubl, Branehlets glabrous, compressed; leaves opposite, quite
entire or repand, elliptical-oblong, pointleted, tapering towards the rounded base, glabrous,
stiffly papery ; stipules juxtapetiolar, persistent, linear , acuminate, at length much exceeding
the very short petiole ; cymes axillary, corymbiform, divided from the base ; flowers uni-
sexual j sepals 4, ciliate ; petals 5-8 ; styles 2 ; berry conoid-elliptical, umbilicate at the
top, indehiscent. — Aubl. t. 379. — Allied to the preceding; leaves 6"-3" long, 2V'-1
broad : petiole tkickish, l"'-2'" long ; stipules 2"', at length 6"' long ; pedicels 4,"-6"'
long, the exterior simple, some of the central ones longer, aud simply divided ; sepals f'",
petals H'" long; berry striated, 6"' long, usually 1-seeded by abortion. — Hab. Trinidad!,
Cr., at Irais ; [Guiana],

3. Q. Cruegeriana, Gr. Leaves opposite, oblong, glabrous above, glabrescent be-
neath : petiole rusty-downy ; stipides juxtapetiolar, deciduous , much exceeded by the petiole ;
racemiform cymes axillary, short, clustered, nearly as long as the petiole ; pedicels opposite;
flowers polygamous; sepals 5, petals as many ; styles 2 ; berry obovate, “at length dehis-
cent.” — Q. guianensis, Cr. {not Aubl.).— A shrub, or low tree, 10'-20' high: branehlets
compressed, rusty-downy; leaves 15,'-6,, long, 6“— 2" broad, quite entire, or repand, with
a bluntish point, tapering at the base, leathery, with a deciduous rusty down beneath on the
midrib and veins : petiole 8"'~ 4'1' long, channelled above ; pedicels about 2 long ; sepals
scarcely 1"' long, roundish ; petals 2"' long, obovate, yellow ; berry about 6'" long, 4-1-
seeded. — Hab. Trinidad !, Or., Pd., in woods and on river-banks, S. Anns.

2. TOVOMITA, Aubl.

Flowers polygamous. Sepals 2-6. Petals 4 (-10), imbricative. Stamens co (-8) :
filaments thickened, with the anthers introrse, obliquely adnate. Ovary 4-5-celled: cells
1 -ovulate : stigmas 4-5, subsessile. Pericarp dehiscent : seeds arillate. Embryo ovoid : coty-
ledons cohering. — Shrubs or trees; leaves glabrous, penninerved ; primary veins usually
somewhat distant; flowers in corymbiform cymes {or solitary).

4. T. amazonica, Walp. Leaves lanceolate-elliptical, quite entire, or repand, pointed at
both ends, veiny, petioled : primary veins numerous; cymes corymbiform, axillary and ter-
minal, twice trichotomous, 3—4 times exceeding the petiole ; sepals 2 ; stamens numerous :
anthers minute ; stigmas i.—Pcepp. n. gen. t. 212.— Marialvma, Pospp. — A shrub, 6' high ;
leaves 3”-2" long, li"-l" broad : petiole 3"'-4'" long ; sepals 2'" long, glabrous, somewhat
exceeded by the yellow petals.— Hab. Trinidad I, Pd., Cr., at Fort George; [equatorial
Brazil !].

5. T. havetioides, Gr. (n. sp.). Arboreous; leaves obovate, quite entire, petioled :
primary veins approximate , straight ; cymes densely corymbiform, compound, terminal, ex-
ceeded by the leaves : peduncles tetragonal; sepals 6, two exterior smaller ; stamens 16-20 :
anther-cells ovoid; stigmas 4. — A large tree, yielding resiu : branehlets tetragonal, glabrous,
rusty ; leaves 4"-2" long, 2"-l" broad, leathery, rounded at the top, cuneate at the base :
primary veins delicate, conspicuous on both sides, secondary ones inconspicuous : petiole

long; cymes many-flowered, 3—4 times compound, with a ternary or quinary
division ; 4 interior sepals roundish, 1"' long, twice as long as the ovate exterior ones ;
petals 4; filaments distinct, thickened: anthers obliquely , adnate ; fruit unknown. Hab.
Jamaica !, Wils., in woods of the southern lowlands to 3000'.

6 T. Flumieri, Gr. ( n . sp). Leaves elliptical, quite entire, petioled: principal veins
8-10 on each side, distant, curved at the top ; cymes terminal, simply corymbiform ; sepals
• petals 4 ; stamens numerous : anthers . . . ; stigmas 5. Plum. ed. Burm. t. 87 -J. 2
—A large tree ; loaves 6"-8" long, broad, mucronate or blunt, shortly tapering at the

base: principal veins prominulous beneath, the other irregular: petiole 1 long, with lie

GUTTIFERJE.

107

sheath prominulous at the axil ; cyme 3-5-flowored : pedicels 1" long, articulated towards
the middle; petals ovate-roundish, 6'" long ; filaments distinct, subulate; ovary 5-cellcd:
stigmas large, subsessile ; pericarp ovoid, 1" long : cells 1 -seeded; seeds arillate: embryo
ovoid. — Hab. Dominica !, Imr.

3. CLUSIA, L.

Flowers polygamous, Sepals 4-16, usually in 2-leaved whorls, the exterior successively
smaller. Fetals 4-8, imbricative. Stamens oo (or sometimes definite in the female flower) :
anthers linear, extrorse. Ovary 4-5-12-celled : cells multiovulate : stigmas depressed, sessile,
as many. Pericarp fleshy, dehiscent .• seeds arillate. Embryo small : cotyledons plano-
convex, distinct. — Woody plants, twining round the trunks of trees and strangling them,
whence their popular name of Scotch Attorneys ; leaves obovate-cuneaie, coriaceous-rigid,
penninerved ; flowers solitary or cymose.

7. C. rosea, L. Leaves stiff, petioled, subemarginate ; peduncles 1 (-2) -flowered ;
flowers large, rose-coloured or whitish : sepals 6 ; petals 6-8 ; stigmas 8 (7-9) ; fruit
globose, “greenish.” — Tuss. FI. 4. t. 15 ; Base. FI. 7. t. 485 ; Linncea, 8. t. 4.— C. alba,
Kth. ( not L.). — A tree, 20-30' high, growing on other trees or rocks ; leaves usually
5 "-6" long, 3"-4" broad: veins usually inconspicuous above, often prominulous beneath,
numerous, straightish : petiole thick, 6"' long; petals about 1 !/' long, obovate or obcordate;
fruit 20'" diam.— Hab. Jamaica !, March ; Caribbean Islands 1 ; [Cuba! to Brazil].

8. C. alba, L. Leaves rounded at the top, petioled, veiny beneath ; peduncles 1-3-
flowered ; flowers white ; sepals 6 (-“ 9 ”) ; petals 5 ; stigmas 5 ; fruit ovoid, red. — Plum,
ed. Burm. t. 87 .f. 1 ; Jacq. Amer. Piet. t. 250. — A tree, like the preceding ; leaves 7,'-3"
long, 4"-2" broad : primary veins numerous, most of them straightish, rarely incon-
spicuous : petiole 4"'-8'" long, broad and channelled above ; petals about 1" long ; fruit 3"
long. — Hab. S. Kitts!, Dominica!, Imr.; [Cuba!, Guadeloupe!, Martinique].

9. C. flava, I. Leaves rounded or subtruncate at the top, petioled ; peduncles 2-3-
flowered; flowers pale-yellow; sepals 8-16; petals 4; stigmas about 12; fruit “ subglo-
bose.” — SI. t. 200. f 1 ; Jacq. Amer. Piet. t. 251. — A tree ; leaves 2\"-2n long, l ,)"-!"
broad, striated above, veins inconspicuous, or prominulous beneath : petiole thick, 4"'-3"'
long; petals 10"'-8"' long. — Hab. Jamaica!, March, chiefly on rocks, in the southern
lowlands.

10. C. venosa, Jacq. ( exclus . syn. Plum). Leaves rounded or subtruncate at the top,
veiny on both sides, subsessile; peduncles 3-5-flowered; flowers shortly pedicelled, white ;
sepals 6 (4—8) ; petals 4 ; stigmas, 5-4 ; fruit . . . . — A tree, 30' high ; leaves 4"-3" long,
3' -2" broad, with a foliaceous, stem-clasping base . primary veins numerous, straight, pro-
minulous ; petals about 9"' long. — Hab. Dominica !, Imr. ; [Martinique].

4. MORONOBEA, Aubl.

Sepals 7, two exterior smaller. Petals 5, contorted. Stamens 15-20, connate : tube
5 (-3) -fid: anthers linear, extorse. Ovary 5 - celled : ovules 2, or several in each cell; style
cylindrical, with 5 stigmas. Pericarp baccate . . . . — Trees ; leaves lanceolate or lanceolate-
elliptical, petioled, penninerved: veins delicate ; cymes umbel liform ; flowers scarlet.

11. M. coccinea, Aubl., Mari. Leaves bluntly pointed, tapering at the base; bud
globose ; staminal tube h-jid : lobes 3-antheriferous, straight ; ovary without spiral lines :
stigmas lanceolate, recurved.— Mart. N. Gen. 3. t. 2SJ.—M.. globulifera, Schlechl.—k lofty
tree, 90'-100' high ; leaves variable in breadth and shape ; cymes usually 3-9-flowered :
pedicels thick, as long as the flowers. — Hab. Jamaica!, Hist., in mountain-woods (Ban-
crofts Hog-gum-tree ; Hook. Journ. 4. p. 136); Dominica!, Imr.; Trinidad 1, Loc/ch., in
swampy grouuds; [Guiana !, Brazil !].

5. MAMMEA, L.

(Rheedia, L.)

Flowers polygamous. Sepals 2-4. Petals 4 (-6), imbricative. Stamens oo : anthers
intiorsc, or bursting laterally. Ovary 4-celled : cells multiovulate; stigma depressed, sub-

108

CANELLACEjE.

sessile, 4-lobcil. Pericarp drupaceous. Embryo large, ovoid : cotyledons distinct— Trees
or shrubs ; leaves leathery, veined, petioled: veins prominulous on both sides ; peduncles
simple, fascicled or subsolitary in the axils.

Sect. 1. Eumahmea. — Anthers oblong, dehiscent laterally.

12. M. americana, L. Leaves obovate- oblong, rounded at the top ; peduncles a few
in the axils, or solitary, as long as the petiole ; sepals 2, oval-roundish, exceeding half of the
petals; stamens numerous; drupes globose, russet, large, apiculate, 4(-l)-seeded. — Jacq.
Amer. Piet. t. 248; Pass. FI. 3. t. 7; Eesc. FI. 1. t. 2.— A tree, 40'-60' high; leaves
8"_4" long; petals white, odorous, obovate, 6nl-8ln long ; drupes P'S" diam. — Hab. Ja-
maica!, Mac/., AL; Caribbean Islands ; [Cuba ! to Brazil !1.

Sect. 2. Rheedia. — Anthers minute, roundish : cells obliquely adnate, introrse.

(The deciduous calyx was erroneously considered as wanting.)

13. M. humilis, V. Leaves elliptical-oblong, oblong or ovate, with a bluntish point ;
peduncles usually fascicled, nearly as long as the petiole ; sepals usually 2, much exceeded
by the small petals; stamens 20-12 ; drupes ovoid, yellow, apiculate, 3(-l)-seeded. — A lowr
tree or shrub ; peduncles reddish ; petals white, spatliulate, 8'" long ; drupes 4,,-l” long.

a. Vahlii. Shrubby ; leaves elliptical-oblong or oblong, usually pointed at both ends. —
Vahl, Eclog. t. 20. [exclus. fruct.) ; Eesc. FI. 3. t. 343.- — Garcinia macrophylla, Mart. [lib.
Bras.; PI. Sprue. 1744) : the other American Garcinia are to be compared with this vari-
able plant. — Leaves 7 "-4" long, 3|"-2" broad: petiole 12"'-8'" long.

/3. Plumieri. Arboreous ; leaves ovate, bluntish, rounded or subcordate at the base. —
Plum. ed. Burm. t. 257 ; Toss. FI. 3. t. 32. — Rheedia lateriflora, L. Mammea, Gr. Mal-
pighia mitis, lichb. in Sieb. PI. Trin. 56 I : a form with solitary peduncles. — Leaves 8" -6"
long, 4"-3" broad.

Hah. Jamaica!, March; Montserrat ( V .), S. Vincent! [a, 1 3), Guild.; Trinidad!, Sieb. ;
[Guadeloupe !, Guiana !, New Granada !, Brazil !].

6. CALOPHYLLUM, L.

Flowers polygamous. Sepals 2-4. Petals 4 (-2), imbricative. Stamens oo (-definite) :
anthers oblong, introrse. Ovary 1 (-2) -celled : ovules solitary, erect ; style distinct ; stigma
peltate, lobed. Pericarp drupaceous. “ Embryo ovoid : cotyledons cohering.” — Trees ;
leaves penninerved: veins delicate, densely approximate, straight ish ; cymes racemiform
or paniculate, axillary.

14. C. Calaba, Jacq. Leaves elliptical-oblong or oblong, bluntish or emarginate, ta-
pering at the petioled base; racemes much exceeded by the leaves, few- flowered ; drupe glo-
bose, greenish. — Jacq. Amer. Piet. t. 249; Eesc. FI. 2. t. 74. — A high tree; leaves vari-
able, 3»-10" long ; petals white, odorous, 3"' long, about twice as long as the sepals ; ovary
longitudinally striated, longer than the short style ; drupe 1" diam. — 'Hab. Jamaica !, Al.,
March, common in mountain-woods ; Dominica !, Imr. ; S. Vincent !, Guild. ; Trinidad !,
Or. ; [Cuba ! to Brazil !].

XXXV. CANELLACEiE.

Sepals 3, distinct, imbricative, persistent. Petals 5 (-4), fleshy, imbricative. Stamens
hypogynous, 10-20, forming an entire tube, which is truncate at the top : anthers adnate to
the tube, extrorse, contiguous. Ovary unilocular, with 2-4, parietal placentas : ovules cam-
pylotropous. Pericarp baccate. Embryo short, cylindrical, included in the copious albu-
men.— Woody plants; leaves scattered, coriaceous, entire, exstipulate, minutely dotted;
flowers corymbose.

The Cancllacece abound in aromatic and tonic properties. The baric of the Canella alba
is a renowned spice and drug, formerly confounded with that of Erimys : it is exported to
Europe chiefly from the Bahamas (White-wood-bark, or Wild Cinnamon). Cinnamodendron
partakes of the same properties (Red Canella, or Mountain-cinnamon of Jamaica).

MARCGRAAVIAC1J1.

109

1. CANELLA, P. B.

Stamina 1 tube without exterior scales : anthers 10, contiguous on the outside of the tube,
and each dehiscent by two longitudinal fissures. Ovary with 2 (-8) parietal placentas, each
punetifonn, situated below the middle of the wall, and provided with two collateral, campy-
lotropous ovules, which ascend from a pendulous funiculus; style short, terminated with
2 (-3) globidar, contiguous stigmas. Berry filled up by a gelatinous pulp, including a few
seeds : testa crustaceous ; inner integument adhering to the fleshy endosperm ; embryo half
its length : radicle short, inferior. — A tree ; leaves glabrous ; corymbs terminal : flowers
numerous, violet, with yellow anthers.

1. C. alba, Murr. Leaves spathulate, tapering towards the short petiole, rounded at
the top, paler beneath ; pedicels exceeding much the size of the flower. — SI. t. 191. f. 2 ;
P. Br. Jam. t. 27./. 3; Sto. in Linn. Transact. 1. t 8; Hayne, Arzn. 9. t. 5.— Win-
terana Canella, L. C. laurifolia, Lodd. — A tree, 50 — 10* high ; leaves evergreen, 2"— S11 long,
1" broad; sepals 1"' long, broadly rounded, minutely ciliate, half the length of the erect’
obovate-oblong petals ; staminal tube equalling the included style, a little shorter than the
odorous corolla : anthers reaching from its top to the middle ; berry black, globose, 4"' diam.
(immature ovoid) ; seeds black, shining, orbicular, impressed at the micropyle, V" diam.,
convex on both sides. — Hab. Jamaica!, JDist., Wils., March, common in the woods of the
lowlands and lower hills; Bahamas!, Barbadoes ! [Cuba!, S. Croix, Guadeloupe! Mar-
tinique]. 3

2. CINNAMODENDRON, Endl.

Staminal tube encircled by five exterior, hypogynous, petaline scales, alternating with the
petals : .anthers 10-20, contiguous on the outside of the tube, and each dehiscent by two
longitudinal fissures. Ovary with 4 (—5) parietal placentas, each longitudinal : ovules inde-
finite, horizontal, campylotropous, provided with two integuments ; style short terminated
with 4 (-5) globular, contiguous stigmas. Berry filled up by the growth of the placentas, at
length wholly involving the numerous seeds : testa crustaceous ; endosperm fleshy and oily :
embryo one-third its length. — Trees ; corymbs axillary, or at length lateral, contracted.

.. f- C‘ corticosum, Miers! Leaves elliptical-oblong, rounded at the base, shortly pe-
tioled, pointleted or bluntish, green beneath ; pedicels as long as the flower ; petals ovate
""'I at n 6 t?P’ ml>Petaline Males elliptical-lanceolate, blunt, not ciliate ; anthers
Hi (-20).— C rubrum, Or. mlit. Canella alba, Ns. Eberm — Alow, shrubby tree, 10'-15'
high ; leaves 2 -3 long, 1 -2 broad : petiole enlarged at the top, not much exceeded by the
corymb, or equalling it ; sepals and petals resembling those of Canella alba, their propor-
tions and those of the staminal tube being the same : petaline scales half the length of the
staminal tube, erect, a little imbricated, reaching to the base of the anthers, and closely op-
pressed to the filamental part ; ovules numerous : fasciculi rather long, pluriserial on each
placenta; berry globose-ovoid 3"'-6"' long, 4"'-6"' diam., supported by the spreading
calyx, minutely apiculate by the persistent stigmas : seeds ovoid, brown, shining V lone

in *• ^ — -

XXXVI. MARCGRAAVIACEiE.

trnr!r/,pm,b/ricative’ * ***«"* whorls. Stamens indefinite (-5): anthers in-

. istil pai acarpous, with incomplete dissepiments: placentas inultiovulate • stiema
se s le, radiate : the single rays prominent or decurrent. Pericarp fleshy, dehiscent’ K
m mute : embryo exalbuminous, straight, cylindrical ; radicle short.— Woody plants usuallv

ously from ‘the Sstem.PrCI,are<1 fi'°m ** wateryJuice °f Marcgraavia, which exudes copi-

1. NORANTEA, Aubl.

Sepals 7, two exterior smaller. Petals 5. Stamens oc-12 (-7): anthers linear, erect,

110

HYPERICINEzE.

mucronate at the top, articulated with the filament. Ovary incompletely 3-5-locular. — Trees or
shrubby climoers ; racemes spiciform, long : bracts cucullate and ascidiate, with the aper-
ture inferior, simple, inserted into the top of the pedicel, and exceeding the flower.

1. N. guianensis, Auhl. Leaves obovate ; ascidiate bracts scarlet, stipitate : the cla-

vate body as long or twice as long as its petiole-, flowers violet, shortly pedicelled. — Aubl.
t. 220 ; Mart. N. Gen. t. 296. — N. paraensis, Ml. — rA shrubby climber (Pd..) or a high
tree ( ubl.) ; leaves 6"-5" long, petioled, quite entire; flowers ascidia 12",-8",

long. — Hab. Trinidad 1, Pd., in the mountains of S. Anns; [Guiana!, equatorial Brazil!].

2. RUYSCHIA, Jacq.

Character of Norantea, but flowers pentandrous, and anthers oblong or oval, devoid of a
mucro.

2. R. Souroubea, IF. Leaves obovate-oblong, bluntish, shortly petioled; flowers race-
mose : pedicels elongated ; ascidiate bracts close to the calyx, divided to the base into three
clavate segments, the middle of which is ascending, the lateral ones (or spurs) reflexed,
shorter than the pedicel. — Aubl. t. 97. — Surubea Aubletii, Mey. ! — A shrub ; spurs nearly
as long as the middle segment of the bract; petals “orange-coloured.” — Hab. Trinidad !,
Or., at Guanapo, rare ; [Guiana!].

3. MARCGRAAVIA, L.

Sepals 6, two exterior smaller. Corolla calyptriform, circumscissile. Stamens co -12 :
anthers linear, articulated with the filament a little above the base, not mucronate. Ovary
incompletely 12-4-locular, striated longitudinally: stigmas decurrent from its pointed,
bluntish top. — Climbing shrubs; leaves quite entire, shortly petioled ; flowers long -stalked,
in terminal umbels or corymbiform racemes ; bracts inserted or adnate above the base of
the pedicel.

3. M. spiciflora, Rich. Leaves obovate ; flowers numerous, in a corymbiform raceme ;
bracts small, spathulate, convex above, concave below, inserted somewhat below the middle
of the pedicel : sterile none; corolla circumscissile near the middle; stamens 18-12; pla-
centas 4. — Ann. Mus. 14. t. 25. — A tortuous shrub, 6'— 2' high; leaves usually 4" long, 21"
broad; raceme 4" long: pedicels approximate, spreading, li" long, clavate at the top;
flower-buds 4"' long before the rupture of the corolla, ovoid. — Hab. Dominica I, Imr.; [Gua-
deloupe, among Sphagnum in the mountains].

4. M. umbellata, L. Leaves ovate-oblong or oblong-linear (those of the rooting shoots
distichous, cordate, emargiuate, subSessile, fern-like) ; flowers umbellate : exterior pedicels
ebracteate, interior abortive, the latter with an adnate, ascidiate, claviform bract ; corolla cir-
cumscissile from the base ; stamens numerous, long-exserted from the calyx : anthers recurved ;
placentas 12-6. — Br. Jam. t. 26: the broad-leaved form; Jacq. Amer. Piet. t. 143 : the
narrow-leaved form; Tuss. FI. 4. t. 13 ; Dr sc. FI. 4. t. 239 ; Hoo/c. F.cot. FI. t. 160. M.
coriacea, V. : a veinless, broad-leaved form. M. trinitatis, Prl. The sterile, rooting shoots
are described as M. picta, IF., M. dubia, Kth., and Urostigma infestum, Miq.l : they are
figured as Ferns by Sloane. — A trailing shrub : the branches partly rooting, partly nodding ;
leaves 5 "-3" long, 2"-8"' broad ; pedicels l'-l i" long ; flowers greenish ; interior sepals
roundish, 2"' diam.; stamens yellow, 6"'-8"' long ; pericarp with a red pulp. The varia-
bility is considerable : the leaves ovate-oblong, elliptical-lanceolate or oblong-linear, acumi-
nate, pointlcted or bluntish, veinless or with prominent, anastomosing veius ; the pedicels
tubercled or smooth; the pericarp globose or ovate. — Hab. Jamaica!, M‘Nb., At., on trees
and rocks; Dominical, Imr.; S. Lucia!, S. Vincent!, Guild.; Trinidad; [Cuba!, Vene-
zuela!, southern New Granada!].

XXXVII. IIYPERICINE/E.

Sepals imbricative, 4-5 : two exterior. Stamens mostly indefinite : anthers erect or in-
cumbent. Pistil paracarpous, or at length syncarpous : styles usually distinct. Embryo
cxalbuminous, cylindrical : radicle usually exceeding in length the short cotyledons.— Leaves
mostly opposite, quite entire, exslipulate, usually punctate with pellucid dots.

IIYPERICINEiE.

Ill

A yellow, resinous juice occurs in this Order, and the pellucid dots of the leaves contain
ethereal oil.

1. MARILA, Sw.

Sepals 4-5. Petals as many, imhricative. Stamens co ; anthers erect, with a terminal
gland. Style single, short, or none. Capsule, 4(— 3)-celIed, septicidal and loculicidal: seeds
indefinite, margined. — Woody plants; leaves opposite, peiioled, dotted: veins costate, joined,
by arches near the margin ; flowers in terminal and axillary racemiform cymes : bracts
abortive ; pedicels long, spreading.

1. M. racemosa, Sw. Glabrous ; leaves oblong-lanceolate, dotted with pellucid lines
and points ; racemes simple ; sepals 5, shortly exceeded by the petals ; anthers oblong ; style
very short: stigma capitate; capsule siliquiform, incurved: seeds ciliate, chiefly at both
ends. — Sw. FI. t. 19: anal. Mem. Mus. 16. t. 17 A. — Bonnetia, Sw. Capparis commu-
tata, Sieb., Mart. 304 ! — A shrub, 15,-20( high ; leaves 10,,-4H long, 311— 1" broad, pointed
at both ends ; pedicels 61", sepals 4'" long ; petals greenish-white. — Hab. S. Kitts, Mont-
serrat, Dominica !, Imr.; S. Vincent !, Guild. ; Trinidad !

2. M. grandiflora, Gr. (n. sp.). Branchlets and peduncles flattened, rusty with

short down, or glabrate ; leaves oblong, glabrous, dotted with pellucid points, without lines ;
racemes lax, somewhat compound below ; sepals 4-5, rusty -tomentose externally ; anthers
linear ; style none : stigma 4-globose ; capsule oblong : seeds fringed with very short or ob-
solete hairs on the margin. — Leaves 18,( long, 5" broad, bluntish at the base, tapering
towards the obtusely pointleted top : primary veins prominent beneath, 5W-6W distant from
each other : petiole 1" long; pedicels 1"-1 f long, subreflexed ; sepals long, ovate,

exterior bluntish, interior very blunt, exceeded by the stamens ; petals caducous, as long as
the sepals in the bud ; stamens very numerous : anthers narrow, long, about

broad, with a minute, whitish, terminal gland ; ovary originally unilocular, with four pla-
centiferous laminas, which soon cohere in the axis : stigma sessile ; capsule 4-valved : the
valves at length reflexed from the central, 4-lobed, placentiferous column, which exceeds the
persistent stamens : seeds oblong, minute, margined with a very narrow membrane. — LIab.
Trinidad !, Cr.

2. VISMIA, Vand.

Sepals 5—4. Petals as many, villous within. Stamens co, 5-adelphous, the bundles
hairy, alternating with hypogynous scales : anthers roundish, incumbent. Styles 5, distinct.
Pericarp baccate, 5 -celled : seeds indefinite. — Woody plants; leaves opposite ; cymes corym-
bifonn or paniculate , terminal and axillary ; petals dotted with black glands.

3. V. ferruginea, Kth. Branchlets tetragonal, rusty- tomentose, at length glabrate;
leaves ovate-oblong or oblong-lanceolate, acuminate or pointed, usually rounded or subcor-
date at the base, with a minute, evanescent, rusty down and glandular dots beneath, devoid
of pellucid points : primary veins costate, prominent beneath ; cymes rusty-tomentose, co-
rymbiform; buds obovate-globose ; sepals rusty-tomentose externally, ovate, bluntish, half
the Jength of the petals ; hypogynous scales roundish, short— V. macrophylla, Salzm. PI.
Bah.!: Kunth s homonym and V. latifolia, Kth. {non Chois.), are probably mere forms of
the same. V. angusta, Miq.: our narrow-leaved form. V. panamensis, Wp.l (formerly
referred erroneously to V. guianensis, Aubl.). — A shrub or low tree; leaves petioled, 12"-3"
long, 3* -1' broad : petiole 6"'-8"' long, rusty-pubcrulous ; petals 4'" long, greenish-white.

11ab. S. Vincent 1, Guild.; Trinidad 1; [Panama 1 to Brazil 1],

,. cayennensis, Pers. Glabrous ; branchlets cylindrical ; leaves elliptical or ellip-

ica -lanceolate, pointed at both ends, with black dots beneath, devoid of pellucid points :
w.rete/aW; cymes few-flowered, eorymbiform ; buds globose; sepals glabrous, ovate,
Jim ish, halt the length of the petals ; hypogynous scales oblong, pubescent. — Hypericum,
V r 7m imC’, 0r shnib> about 20' high; leaves petioled, 5"-3" long, 2k" -l" broad:
or 10 Ci rr • °n>® ’ Peta's " 'ong- — ’Hab. Trinidad !, Lockh., Cr., common in dry
grounds; [Guiana!, equatorial Brazil!]. .... j

3. ASCYRUM, L.

Sepals fi, exterior small, distant. Petals 4, contorted. Stamens co, sub distinct : anthers

112

SALICINEJE.

roundish, incumbent ; hypogynous scales none. Styles 2-4, usually distinct. Capsule uni-
locular, marginicidal : seeds iudelinite. — Low shrubs, or perennial, leafy herbs ; flowers
subsolitary, pedicelled, yellow.

5. A. hypericoides, L., Sw. Shrubby ; leaves oblanceolate, subsessile, with 2 stipular
glands at the base, punctate with pellucid dots, and black ones beneath ; peduncles terminal,
shorter than the middle calyx-whorl ; middle sepals oval, much exceeding the inner lanceo-
late ones; styles distinct, short ; capsule ovate, 2(-3)-valved. — A low, diffuse shrub, l'-2'
high ; leaves 3"'-4'" long, blunt ; middle sepals 3'"-4'" long, about as long as the petals.—
Hah. Jamaica !, Pd., Al., Wils., March, common in the mountains, ou barren soil of the
Coffee-region, 4,000' ; Bahamas 1, Swains ; [Bermudas I, Texas !, Mexico 1, New Granada 1] .

XXXVIII. SAUVAGlESIEyE.

Fertile stamens 5 : anthers erect, with a lateral dehiscence. Pistil paracarpous : placentas
3; style simple; ovules auatropous. Capsule marginicidal: embryo axile, cylindrical.
Leaves stipulate, undivided: stipules fimbriate

This small Order is mucilaginous : Sauvagesia erecta is used in medicine.

1. SAUVAGESIA, L.

Sepals 5, persistent. Petals 5, deciduous. Petaline scales 5, distinct, opposite to the
petals, and separated from them by a wborl of sterile filaments, which are dilated at the top.
Fertile stamens alternating with the scales : anthers oblong, dehiscent by lateral fissures.
—Herbs or shrubs, glabrous ; leaves usually serrate ; pedicels articulated above the base,
axillary or racemose ; sepals setiferous at the top.

1. S. elata, Benth. ! Shrubby ; leaves oblong-lanceolate, or lanceolate, serrulate-repand,
tapering at both ends, acuminate : petiole very short ; stipules lanceolate, acuminate, erect,
exceeding the petiole: fringes very long; racemes terminal: flowers usually fascicled;
sepals equal, elliptical-obloug, bluntish, exceeding the corolla, exceeded by the capsule ;
sterile filaments numerous ; seeds globose. — Leaves 3 -4 long, variable in breadth ; sepals
3'" long. — LIab. S. Vincent !, Guild. ; [Guiana!].

2. S. erecta, L. Herbaceous, annual; leaves elliptical-lanceolate, serrulate, pointed,
tapering towards the petiole ; stipules ovate-lanceolate : fringes long ; pedicels axillary,
filiform ; sepals equal, lanceolate, acuminate, nearly equalling the corolla and the capsule ;
sterile filaments numerous; seeds ovoid.— Br. Jam. t. 12./. 3- St. Hil.Pl.Rem. .3i;
JDesc FI 4 t. 299— Stem spithameous, branching, erect or decumbent; leaves f i2
long'; sepals usually 2'" long; petals white, obovate.— Hab. Jamaica ! Pd. Macf m damp
situations among Grasses ; Dominica !, S. Vincent !, Guild.; Trinidad Loclch., Cr. ; [Guia
and Mexico l to Brazil!, beyond the Southern Tropic and Peru! ; found also (perhaps trans-
ported, like an annual weed, with Grasses), in Western Africa, Madagascar, aud JavaJ.

3. S. Sprengelii, St. Eil. Suffrutescent ; leaves minute, lanceolate, margined, re-

motely serrulate or subentire, subsessile; stipules linear, dissolved into fringes; raceme ter-
minal; sepals unequal, ovate-lanceolate, margined, blunt, exceeded, by the corolla; .sterile
filaments numerous.— Mart. Nov. Gen. I t. 25 ; St. Hit. 1. c. t. 2 A. S. s lerpjjMoha, , .

—Stem slender, spithameous, or several feet high; leaves approximate, 2 3 Ion

sepals lined with a membranaceous margin, callous at the base, interior 2 long, the
two exterior half as long— IIab. Trinidad !, Loclch., Cr., on savannahs , [Caiacas . aud
Guiana! to South Brazil !].

XXXIX. SALICINEiE.

Flowers amentaceous, dioecious, naked. Pistil paracarpous: placentas 2, multiovulate
Capsule medianicidal : seeds minute, clothed with wool. Embryo exalbuuunous. Mood}

arc more or less adapted to economical purposes.

ERYTHROXYLEiE.

113

1. SALIX, L.

Bracts entire. Flowers bearing 1-2 glands; <?: stamens definite, usually 2. — Buds
without imbricated scales.

1. S. Humboldtiana, W. Leaves linear, seiTate, glabrous; stipules deciduous;
catkins terminal ou leafy branches, appearing with the leaves ; bracts hairy, deciduous ;
stamens usually 4-6 ; stigmas sessile ; capsules glabrous, ovate-conical, stalked : stalk 3-4
times longer than the gland. — Leaves 2i"-l J" long, 4"'-3'" broad. — Hab. Jamaica !, Wils. ;
S. Vincent !, Guild. ; [Cuba ! and Mexico ! to Brazil ! and Chile !].

XL. ERYTHROXYLEiE.

Calyx 5-partite or 5-fid, persistent. Petals 5, bearing internally a double scale. Stamens
10, monadelphous. Pistil syncarpous : ovary 3-1-celled (2 cells usually abortive) : ovule
single, pendulous ; styles 3 (or united at the base). Pericarp drupaceous. Embryo straight,
in the axis of cartilaginous albumen. — Woody plants ; leaves alternate , glabrous, quite en-
tire, deciduous : stipules axillary, persistent ; flowers small, axillary or precocious, fascicled
or solitary.

A tonic drug is prepared from Erythroxylum areolatum.

1. ERYTHROXYLUM, L.

1. E. brevipes, DC. Leaves small, obovate, rounded at the top or emarginate, mem-

branaceous, glaucous-whitish beneath ; pedicels 1-2, axillary, exceeded by the petiole ; drupes
ellipsoidal-oblong , as long as the pediceL — A shrub ; leaves 12"'-6'" long, 8"'-4"' broad,
almost veinless : petiole 2" -1^"' long, much longer than the minute stipules ; petals oblong,
1'" long; drupes long. — Hab. Jamaica!, At., March, e.g. S. Anns; [Cuba to

Portorico].

2. E. obovatum, Macf. I Leaves obovate-oblong or obovate, rounded at the top or
subemarginate, rigidly membranaceous, glaucous -whitish beneath ; pedicels fascicled, ax-
illary, exceeded by the petiole ; drupes oblong, blunt at both ends, prismatical, at length
longer than the pedicel. — Rich. Cub. t. 27. — E. affine. Rich.- -A shrubby tree, about 12'
high ; leaves 2"-l" long, 1 2",-10'" broad, with the veins almost inconspicuous : petiole'
4"'-2"' long; stipules subulate; drupes 3"'-4'" long. — Hab. Jamaica!, Macf., March,
common on limestone-hills ; S. Vincent !, Guild.; [Cuba].

3. E. areolatum, L. Leaves obovate or obovate-oblong, rounded or emarginate at the
top, membranaceous, glaucescent beneath and areolated by a pair of connecting veins, which
include a lanceolate, middle area; pedicels fascicled, lateral, as long as the petiole and ihe
fruit; drupes oblong, blunt at both ends, unequally obtuse-angled. — Jacq. Amer. Piet. t. 129,
Besc. Ft. 6. t. 442. — A shrubby tree ; lO'-l 6' high ; leaves usually 2" long, 1" broad (in
young shoots, sometimes 5" long, oblong), with the veins delicate : petiole 2"'-3'" long ;
stipules triangular ; flowers precocious, white, fragrant ; drupes scarlet, 3"'-4'" long. This
is the only West-Iudian Erythroxylum with areolate leaves : but in other species, where there is
no connecting vein, which runs in an arch from the base to the top of the midrib, the leaves
aie sometimes plaited in the same way, or a peculiar colouring circumscribes a similar area.
Hab. Jamaica!, Macf, Wils., March, in dry situations, 0'-2,000', chiefly on the .seashore ;
[Venezuela, New Granada],

4. E. obtusum, DC. Leaves obovate,. or oval, rounded at the top, membranaceous,
glaucescent beneath ; pedicels fascicled, lateral, longer than the petiole and twice as long as
the fruit: drupes ellipsoidal-oblong , unequally obtuse-angled.— E. havaneuse, Kth. ( non Jacq.,
nec Rich.) , E. areolatum, Pcepp. Cub. ! {non L.). — A shrub, or shrubby tree ; leaves 2"-l-£"

ljl0ai1 : veins ^^picuous, reticulated, prominulous on the upper side : petiole
1 -2 long ; stipules subulate ; flowers precocious : pedicels filiform ; drupes long.

—Hab. Trinidad !, Cr. ; [Cuba !, Haiti],

5. E. ovatura, Cav. Leaves oval or obovate, rounded at the top, membranaceous,
usually glaucescent beneath ; pedicels fascicled, lateral, longer than the petiole, as long as
or shorter than the fruit; drupes oblong, pointed. — Cav. Biss. 8. t. 233. — E. havaneuse,

114

MALPIGHIACEJS.

Jacq. ( Amer . Piet. t. 130), is probably the same : but I do not know whether our plant has
the orange-coloured drupes of that figure.— Leaves variable, 21. "-1" long, l£"-8'" broad :
veins conspicuous, reticulated, prominulous on both sides: petiole long; stipules

subulate ; flowers precocious ; drupes 4 "'-3'" long. — Hab. Dominica !, Imr., on limestone ;
Trinidad!, Lock., Or.; [Guiana!, Bahia!].

6. E. squamatum, V. ! Leaves elliptical, pointed or apiculate, leathery, green be-
neath ; pedicels 2-3, axillary, exceeding the petiole: drupes' oblong, bluntish at the top,
obtuse-angled, as long as tbe pedicel. — Valil, Symb. 3. t. 63. — E. havaneuse. Rich. ( non at.)
— A tree ; leaves 3i"-2J" long, 2"-li" broad, dark-green, paler beneath : veins reticulated,
prominulous chiefly above : petiole 3"' long ; stipules ovate ; flowers larger than in the
other species : petals 3'"-2"/ long; drupes 6"'— 5'" long. — Hab. Jamaica!, At., in the dis-
trict of S. Anns; S. Lucia!, Anders. ; [Cuba to Guiana].

XLI. MALPIG11IACEJ5.

Calyx 5-partite : 4 segments usually biglandular. Petals 5, mostly unguiculate. Stamens
10, or fewer by abortion : anthers adnate. Pistil syncarpous : ovary 3 (2-5)-celled : cells
uniovulate, with the ovule ascending from a pendulous funiculus; styles usually distinct (or
2 abortive). Embryo exalbuminous. — Stem mostly woody; leaves usually opposite, and
quite entire, stipulate, with the stipules often caducous ; pedicels articulated and bibrac-
teolate.

The drupes of some Malpigliiece are eatable.

Tribe I. MALPIGHIE2E.-

-Stamens 10. Pericarp without wings, inserted upon
a flat torus.

1. BYRSONIMA, Rich.

Calyx usually 10-glandular. Styles 3, pointed. Drupe with a 3-celled endocarp. — Sti-
pules axillary, persistent ; flowers in terminal racemes.

1. B. verbascifolia, Rich. Shrubby; leaves obovate, cuneate at the base, and usually
petioled, tomentose on both sides, or glabrate above ; bracts lanceolate-filiform : the inferior
exceeding the lateral ones ; petals yellow ; anther-cells hairy, nearly as long as the connec-
tive, which is recurved at the summit. — Aubl. t. 184. — Leaves 10"-G" long. — Hab. Trini-
dad !, Cr., Savanna de Piarlo ; [Guiana !, the whole of Brazil !■] .

2. B. cinerea, DC. Arboreous; leaves elliptical-oblong or elliptical, cuneate at the
base, long-petioled, shining above, tomentose beneath ; bracts small, triangular, equal ,
petals yellow; anther-cells hairy, equalling the connective ; ovary villous. — B. crassitolia,
Lun. ( non Klh.). — Leaves 4"-3" long, 2"-l" broad: down pale-rulesceut or boarv, per-
sistent ; racemes long, rusty-tomentose : pedicels long, approximate, articulated at the base,
Hab. Jamaica !, Al., March ; [Pinos, near Cuba ; Guiana, equatorial Brazil].

3. B. crassifolia, Klh. Shrubby or arborescent ; leaves oval or elliptical-oblong,

long-petioled, glabrous above, tomentose or glabrate beneath ; bracts small, bluntish, equal ;
■petals yellow; antlier-cells villous , a little exceeded by the connective ; ovary glabious.
Aubl. t. 182, 183; Desc. PI. 2. t. 110— A shrub or low tree, 10'-12 high; leaves va-
riable, long, broad, veiny above : down short, rufous ; pedicels shorter than

in the preceding, about twice as long as the flower. — Hab. Dominical, Imr. ; Trinidad.,
Loclch., Cr., common in all savannahs; [Cuba ! to northern Brazil !, Venezuela .J.

4. B. coriacea, DC. Arboreous ; leaves elliptical or elliptical-oblong, petioled, gla-
brous on both sides, or with the nerves glabrate and pale-green beneath ; bracts lanceolate,
acuminate or subulate, subequal; petals golden-yellow; anther-cells glabrous, equaling the
connective; ovary silky-lanuginose.— Malnighia, Sw l (ex c/us. syn. SI.) B. Berteroana
Juss. /—A tree, 20-30' high ; leaves 4"-3'' long, H" broad, usually pointed ; petioles and
racemes rusty-tomentose ; drupes yellow. — The old Swartzian name, referred erroneous ,\ v
A. Juss. to B. spicata (a species, not observed in Jamaica), must be restored. Dab. a-
maica 1, all coll., common in tbe southern districts ; S. Vincent 1, Guild.

MALPIGI-IIACEiE.

115

5. B. spicata, Rich. Arboreous ; leaves elliptical-lanceolate or lanceolate, tapering into
the short petiole, glabrous above , rusty-opaque and glabrate beneath ; hairs scattered, op-
pressed ; bracts lanceolate, bluntish, equal ; petals yellow ; anther-cells glabrous, equalling
the connective, the top of which is separated and somewhat recurved ; ovary glabrous. — Cav.
Hiss. 8. t. 237 ; Hesc. FI. 2. t. 91. — Malpighia, Cav. M. altissima, Jacq. ( non Aubl.).
M. guadelupensis, Spr. Banisteria laurifolia, Sieb. Mart. 123 ! ( non LI). — A tree, 30*— 40*
high; leaves o"-2" long, 20'"-8'" broad, acuminate with a bluntish point, usually shining
above and nigrescent when dried; drupes yellow. — Hab. Dominical, Imr. ; S. Lucia, Tri-
nidad!, Sieb., Ur.; [Cuba! to Brazil!].

6. B. lucida, Rich. Shrubby or arborescent; leaves spathulate, tapering into the
short petiole, revolute on the margin, glabrous-, veins inconspicuous; racemes short; bracts
lanceolate, acuminate : the inferior twice as long as the lateral ones ; petals changing during
their development from rosy to purple ; anther-cells glabrous, exceeded a little by the con-
nective; ovary glabrous.— Rich. Cub. t. 28 A— Malpighia, Mill., Sw. — A shrub or middle-
sized tree; leaves 14,,~ lw long, 8W— 5,w broad, rounded or bluntish at the top, shining above,
opaque beneath ; racemes puberulous or glabrous ; drapes greenish. — Hab. Bahamas !,
Swains.; Antigua !, Nichols.; Dominica!, Imr.; [Cuba!].

7. B. trinitensis, Jitss. Leaves obovale, shortly petioled, revolute on the margin ;
glabrous, rusty beneath : veins inconspicuous ; bracts minute, equal ; petals . . . ; anther-cells
hairy above, half the length of the recurved connective ; ovary glabrous. — Banisteria uin-
bellata, Sieb. Trin. 51 ! — Nearly related to the preceding, but the leaves broader, 2"-i" long

broad. — Hab. Trinidad !, Sieb.

2. BUNCHOSIA, Rich.

Calyx 10-glandular (or 8-9-glandular from one or two segments being 1-glandular). Styles
2-3, often cohering partially, or to the top : stigma truncate. Drupe 2-3-pyrenous : py-
rensc without crests. — Racemes axillary ; flowers usually yellow.

8. B. Lindeniana, Juss.! Arboreous; leaves oval or obovate, rounded towards the
base, glabrous : two glandular spots beneath near the base ; racemes twice exceeded by the
leaf : pedicels articulated and tribracteate at the base ; anther-cells exceeding a little the
connective ; styles cohering ; stigma peltate ; drupes 2-celled, ovate-globose.— Leaves 5''-6"
long, 3" broad, somewhat leathery: petiole glabrous; drupes 5"'-6'"long, 4'" broad.— Hab.
Jamaica!, At., March; Dominical, Imr.; [Mexico, Costa Rica!, Guiana!].

9. B. media, DC. Shrubby; leaves elliptical or elliptical-oblong, blunt or with a
bluntish point, cuneate at the base, glabrous : two glandular spots beneath, distant from
the base; racemes usually somewhat exceeded by the leaf: pedicels articulated near the
base ; anther-cells exceeding a little the connective ; styles cohering : stigma peltate • drupes
2-celled, ovate-globose.— Malpighia, Ait.— Leaves 3|"-2" long, 2"-f" broad, somewhat lea-
thery : glandular spots roundish, 4"'-6'" distant from the base : petiole glabrous ; drapes 4"'
long, 3"' broad, red.— Hab. Jamaica !, Wils., Al., March.

10. B. glandulosa, Rich. Shrubby; leaves elliptical or elliptical-lanceolate, bluntly

acuminate or blunt, tapering at the base, glabrous : two glandular spots beneath near the
base; racemes as long as the leaf: pedicels articulated and bibracteolate below the middle;
anther-cells somewhat exceeded by the rounded connective; styles cohering • stigma peltate -
drupes 2-celled, ovate, blunt.— Can. Hiss. 8. t. 239 dextr. Juss. Monogr. f 8.— Malpi-
ghia, Cav. Bunch, uitida var. parvifolia, Juss.!— Leaves 3"-2" long, broad rigid

membranaceous : glandular spots oval, often alternating upon the tapering leaf-base, or some-
what distant from its petiole puberulous; pedicels articulated, 8"'-2‘" above the base;
Perul] 6 ~8 l0ng’ 4 broacl-— Hae- Dominica!, S. Vincent!, Guild.; [New Granada!,

Swartziana., Gr. Shrubby; leaves small, lanceolate-elliptical or elliptical-lau-
ceolatc bluntish or pointed, tapering at the base, glabrous : two glandular spots beneath,
oelow the middle; racemes as long as the leaf: pedicels articulated and bibracteolate above
or near the base ; anther-cells nearly as long as the obovate connective ; styles cohering :
s ignia pe ate ; drupes A-celled, exactly globose, furrowed along the dissepimcntal lines. —
Malpighia nitida, Sw. ( non Jacq., nec Cav.). B. media, Macf.l ( non HC.). — Confounded

i 2

116

MALPIGHI ACE/E.

hitherto with other species, hut easily recognized by its small drupes. A shrub, 8'-2' high ;
leaves 2"-l" long, 8-6"' broad, somewhat leathery and revolute on the margin : glandular
spots roundish, 4"'-6'" distant from the base (sometimes wanting in smaller leaves) : petiole
short, glabrous ; racemes puberulous : pedicels articulated, usually 1'" above the base ; petals
yellow; drupes 3"' diam., red. — IIab. Jamaica 1, Mac/., March, in the southern limestone
districts.

12. B. polystachya, DC. “ Leaves large, elliptical-oblong, pointedat both ends, gla-
brous, biglaudnlar beneath near the base; pedicels articulated near the middle.” — Andr.Bot.
Repos. 9. t. 204 (Malpighia).- — The character is taken from the figure : it answers nearly to
Malpighia nitida, Cav. (Diss. 8. t. 239), or Bunch, nitida grandifolia, Juss., which, however,
has a trifid style ; another synonym seems to be Malp. p latyphyl/a, Sw., of Guadeloupe,
though referred by Jussieu to B. glandulifera, Kth. — Hab. Trinidad ( Andr .).

3. SPACHEA, Juss.

Calyx 8-10-glandular. Stamens distinct (some of them sometimes abortive). Styles 2 :
stigmas emarginate-truncate. Nut 2-celled, at length dicoccons. — Leaves glabrous : stipules
axillary ; racemes terminal, long, rusty-pilose.

13. Sp. eleg-ans, Juss. Leaves elliptical-oblong or oblong, pointleted or mucronate,
2-4-glandular beneath, smooth on the ripper surface ; one of the bracteoles transformed into
a large gland ; petals denticulate, rosy ; stamens all fertile ; nuts . . . — Beless. Ic. 3. t. 31. —
Malpighia, Mey. Esseq. /—A tree; leaves 4''-5" long,li"-2V' broad; calyx usually 8-glan-
dular; petals 3'" long. — Hab. Trinidad!, Pd. ; [Guiana!].

14. Sp. perforata, Juss. ! Leaves lanceolate, acuminate at both ends, 4-glandular

beneath, minutely scrobicul 'ate on the upper surface ; one of the bracteoles bearing a gland ;
petals subentire ; stamens all fertile ; nuts subglobose, deeply furrowed along the commissural
line. — Sp. Ossana Vineentiana, Juss. ! — Leaves long, 1 broad: the minute,

pellucid dots more manifest than in the preceding; calyx 8-glaudular ; petals 2"' long; nuts
2"'-l 5'" diam. — Hab. S. Vincent !, Guild.

4. MALPIGHIA, L.

Calyx 10-6-glandular. Styles 3, uncinate-truncate at the top. Drupes 3(-l)-pyrenous :
py rente with dorsal crests. — Shrubs ; flowers in axillary umbels or corymbs, rarely single,
reddish.

f Leaves quite entire, glabrous : a few bicuspidate hairs early disappearing.

15. M. g-labra, L. Leaves ovate, usually pointed, glabrous, quite entire ; umbels 3-5-
[rrl-)flowered, peduncled ; calyx 6 (-8) -glandular ; drupes subglobose, ohsoletely furrowed :
pyrense obtusely 4-angular, bearing ribs on the back, the sides, and the inner face : inter-
stices transversely rugose or irregularly tubercled. — Cav. Diss. 8. t. 234. /’. 1. M. nitida.
Mill. M. undulata, Juss. ! — Leaves (as in all species) variable, bluntish at the pointed top,
or abruptly acuminate, rarely blunt; stamens inserted upon a perigynous disc; petals purple,
more or less unequal ; drupe scarlet, 2'"— 4"' diam. — Hab. Jamaica ! : all .coll., common in
the lower hills ; Antigua !, Nichols. ; [Cuba ! and Mexico !, to Guiana and New Granada !].

16. M. punicifolia, L. Leaves elliptical, usually blunt, glabrous, quite entire ; umbels
2-1-flowered, sessile or peduncled; calyx 6-glandular; drupes subglobose, ohsoletely fur-
rowed : pyre nac 4-angular : sides transversely rugose or tubercled. Plum. ed. Burnt, t. 166.
/. 2. Cav. Diss. 8. i. 234./. 2. Pass. FI. 3. t. 27- Juss. Monogr. t. 4.— M. biflora, Pair.
M. uniflora, 'Fuss. — Very nearly related to the preceding, and I see no constant difference in
the pyretne, the surface of which is to a certain degree subject to variation : the insertion of
the stamens however is less perigynous. — IIab. Jamaica !, Macf, M‘Nab, iu woods of the
eastern districts ; S. Kitts !, S. Vincent !, Guild.; [Mexico to Brazil].

•)■ [■ Leaves quite entire, with persistent, bicuspidate hairs beneath.

17. M. wrens, L. Leaves elliptical or oblong, quite entire, glabrous above, with sting-
ing hairs beneath; umbels 3-5-flowered, peduncled or subscssile; calyx 10-S-glnudular ;

MALPIGHI ACEaE.

117

“ drupes globose, even, or obsoletely furrowed.” — M. martinicensis, Jacq. — Leaves very
variable, pointed or bluntish, usually 3" long, varying in breadth between 2" and 4"' ;
“ drupes 6'" diam., purple (sometimes white).”

a. Leaves elliptical or oblong; calyx IO-glandular. — Plum. ed. Burm. t. 167./'.. 1. Gav.
Piss. 8. t. 235. Peso. FI. 8. t. 569. — M. urens, a el (3, Juss. !

P- lanceolata. Leaves lanceolate, bluntish ; calyx 8-glandular ; petals asymmetrical. —
Peso. FI. 1. t. 30. — M. urens y, Juss. M. lanceolata, Gr.

Hab. S. Vincent! (/3), Guild.; [Cuba! (0) to Guadeloupe! (a et /S)].

18. M. fucata, Ker. Leaves large, elliptical, quite entire, glabrous above, with stinging
hairs beneath ; umbels aggregate or corymbose, nearly twice as long as the petiole ; calyx
6-glaudular; drupes conical-glolose, slightly Z -angular, with 3 furrows at the base: py-
renas keeled on the back and sides, tubercled. — Leaves 6''-8" long, 2|"-3|" broad, rounded
at both ends petals rosy, keeled ; drupes 6'" diam. or more.— Hab. Jamaica!, Pd., near
Manchester; [Crab island!].

19. M. oxycocca, Gr. Leaves lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate, quite entire, glabrous
above, with stinging hairs beneath ; flowers corymbose (sometimes umbellate) : the corymb
2-3 times exceeded by the leaf; calyx 6-gland ular ; drupes dry, triangular-pyramidal, with
sharp edges, and with slighter rugosities or keels on the sides : pyreuse of a similar struc-
ture.— SI. t. 207- f. 3. — M. urens, Macf. {non L.). — Leaves variable (sometimes elliptical),
usually acuminate, 4"-l£" long, 20"'-8m broad; corymbs usually many-flowered; petals
purple ; drupes 4'" in length, and in breadth at the base, slightly furrowed at the base :
sides usually with 2 contiguous keels at the commissural line.— Hab. Jamaica!, Pd., Al.,
March, in the mountain woods of the eastern and northern districts ; [Cuba !].

20. M. angustifolia, L. Leaves linear-lanceolate or lanceolate, quite entire, glabrous
above, with stinging hairs beneath ; corymbs few-flowered, 2-3 times exceeded by the leaf ;
calyx 6-glandular ; drupes ovoid, h-costate, with obtuse edges, and 3 furrows, which are
deeper at the base: pyreme 3-costate, tubercled. —Cap. Piss. 8. t. 236./. 1.— M. cubensis,
Kth. .• the form with lanceolate leaves. — -Leaves 3"-l" long, 4"'-6'" broad, acuminate or
bluntish; petals rosy; drupes 6'" long, 4'" broad. — Hab. Antigua !, Nichols. ; [Cuba!, S.
Thomas!, Guadeloupe!].

tft Leaves dentate.

21. OT. setosa, Spreng. Leaves small, oval or obovate, glabrous above, with stinging
hairs beneath and on the denticulate margin ; umbels 2-1 -flowered, shortly peduncled, ex-
ceeded a little by the leaf ; calyx 10-glandular ; drupes . . . . — M. polytricha, Juss., being the
only Bahama species in the Hook. Iierb— Leaves about 1" long, i" broad.— Hab Bahamas 1
Swains.; [Haiti].

22. M. coccig-era, L. Leaves roundish-oblong or oval, sinuate -dentate (the younger
ones sometimes quite entire), glabrous : teeth distant, spiuescent; umbels 1-2-flowered,
sessile, exceeding the leaf ; calyx 6-glandular ; “ drupes subglobose, with 3 furrows.” — Plum.
Ed. Burm. t. 168. f. 2. Jacq. Ic. Rccr.t. 470. Cav. Diss. 8 t. 235 . f. 2. — A shrub, creep-
mg for some distauce on the ground (Jmr.) ■ leaves 6"' long, 5"'-4'" broad, rouuded at both
ends, sometimes emarginate-tricuspidate.— Hab. Dominica!, Imr., at S. Rupert’s Head;
[Cuba !, Martinique],

M. elliptica, Prl., is a doubtful Trinidad plant, and probably no congener.

Tribe IT. B A A rSTERIE/E. — Stamens 10, or fewer by abortion. Styles as many as there

are carpels. Samaroid nuts, with a dorsal icing ( or crest ), inserted upon a pyramidal

5. BRACHYPTERIS, Juss.

Calyx 8-glandular. Styles 3 : stigmas produced externally beyond the gland. Nuts with
a short, dorsal, sharp crest above the base, wingless.— Scandcnt’ shrubs : branchlets some-
what compressed ; leaves quite entire : petiole biglandular al the top ; flowers umbellate
or corymbose ; pedicels articulated at the base ; flowers yellowish.

23. B. borealis, Juss.! Branchlets obtuse-angled-compressed, pubescent; leaves ovate-
ancco ate, glaucusceiit beneath, floral ones rouuded; umbels 3- 4-llowered ; stamens 10, all

118

MALPIGIIIACEZE.

fertile; appendage of the stigma linear -uncinate, compressed; nuts costate laterally. — Cav.
Diss. 9. i. 257./. 1. — Banistcria ovata, Cav.; calcitrapa, Desv.; brachyptera, DC.; allophylla,
Rchb. ! — A shrub, a few feet high, trailing with scandent branches. — 11 ah. Jamaica !, Macf,
Wits., in salt-marshes on the seaside, to Trinidad !, Sieb. Tr. 52 ; [Panama !, Guiana !, nor-
thern Brazil !].

6. STIGMAPHYLLON, Juss.

Calyx 8-glandular. Stamens 6 fertile, 4 abortive. Styles 3 : stigmas produced exter-
nally into a leafy (or uncinate) appendage, or compressed-truncate. Samara with the wing
thickened on the superior margin. --Climbing shrubs; petioles biglandular ; flowers in. pm-
duvcled, umbelliform corymbs : pedicels articulated usually below the middle ; petals
yellow, large long), fimbriate or dentate.

Sect. 1. Eustigmaphyllon. — Appendage of the stigma leafy. Deri carp crested trans-
versely, or rugose, or even.

24. St. ciliatum, Juts. Leaves glabrous, cordate, entire or repand, ciliale with dis-
tant fringes : basilar lobes superincumbent .- petiole 2-glandular at the top ; “ pericarp
rugose, without lateral crests : wing triangular, blunt, rounded at the base, as broad as or
broader than the carpid.” — Cav. Diss. 9. t. 254. — Banisteria, Lam. — Hap*. Jamaica (Juss.) ;
[Brazil !].

25. St. adenodon, Juss. ! Leaves glabrous above, pubescent beneath with scattered,
oppressed hairs, cordate or subcordate, poiutleted, denticulate-repand, with the teeth glan-
dular : basilar sinus open (or obsolete) : petiole 2-glandular at the top ; samara . . . .
Nearly related to the following. — Hab. Trinidad 1, Sch.

26. St. convolvulifolium, Juss. ! Leaves glabrous, subeordate-ovate or cordate, point-
leted, repand-entire, with distant minute glands on the margin : basilar sinus short or none :
petiole 2-glandular at the top ; pericarp with several lateral crests : wing oblong, blunt :
inferior margin straight, superior curved at the top, and with an obtuse appendage at the
back.— Cav" Diss. 9. t. 256.— Banisteria, Cav. B. dichotomy Meg. /—Hab. Trinidad !,
Cr. ; [Martinique, Venezuela, Guiana!, Bahia!].

27. St. fulgens, Juss. ! Leaves glabrous above, silvery beneath with silky down, cor-
date-rounded, mucronulate, repand-entire : basilar sinus open : petiole 2-glandular a little
below the top ; peduncles divided ; pericarp with a single lateral Crest : wing semiobovate-
oblong, blunt : inferior margin curved-obtuse-angled, superior straight, curved at the top,
and with a deltoid appendage at the base. — Cav. Diss. 9. t. 253. Banisteria, Lain. B.
splendeus, DC. — Pairs of prominent primary leaf-veins about 3-4— Hab. b. Vmcent .,
Guild. ; [Venezuela !, Guiana !, Para !].

28 St. puberum, Juss. ! Leaves glabrous above, glaucescent beneath with minute
silky down, ovate or elliptical-oblong, pointleted, quite entire: petiole 2-glandular at the
top ; pericarp even, puberulous, without lateral crests : wing rectangular-divergent, tapering
from the broad base to the bluntish top : inferior margin straightish, superior obtuse-angled
at the base, which is twice as broad as the carpid. — Banisteria fulgens,-I)u (non Lam.),
Mey. Esseq. /—Pairs of stronger primary leaf-veins about 7-8. Hab. Dominica ., lmr. ;
[Cuba !, Guiana!, equatorial Brazil!].

Sect. 2. B/eoptkris. — Appendage of the stigma compressed, truncate or uncinate.

Fericarp pluvicostate lengthwise.

Banisteria pauciflora, Kth., of Cuba, is a link between Bceopteris aud Banisteria, having
the parallel pericarpal keels of the former, and the 4 transformed anthers of StxgmwphyUon,
while in habit, inflorescence, aud the capitate stigmas, it is a true Banisteria ; the pedicels
however are articulated above the base.

29 St. emarginatum, Juss. ! Leaves membranaceous, glabrate above, glaucescent,
hoary with silky down beneath, oval-roundish or ovate, cmargiuate at both ends : petw/ar
0 lands close to the leaf, sessile ; pedicels articulated and bibructeolatc belowlhe middle,
stigmas compressed-truncate; pericarp costate : wing obovate-oblong, obtusate : inferior

MALPIGHIACE2E.

119

margin obtuse-angled, superior curved a little at the top, and with a somewhat pointed basilar
appendage. — Cav. Biss. 9. t. 249. — Banisteria, Cav. ( non DC). B. splendens, Mncf. ! ( ex -
ctus. synon. plur .). — Only the Jamaica specimens of the collections represent the species
figured by Cavanilles, which A. Jussieu, in several herbaria named by him, has confounded
with the following. — Hab. Jamaica !, all coll., common in thickets.

30. St. diversifolium, Juss. ! Leaves leathery, shining above, pubescent or tomentose
beneath, ovate or oblong-linear, rounded or subcordate at the base : petiolar glands close to
the leaf, sessile ; pedicels articidated at the base ; stigmas compressed-truncate; “ samara
like that of the following species ” {Juss). — Banisteria, Kth. B. emarginata, DC., et PI.
Carib. {non Cav). — Hab. Jamaica!, Bist.; Dominica!, Imr. ; Trinidad!, Sieb., Lockli ;
[Cuba!, Portorico !, Guadeloupe !].

31. St. periplocifolium, Juss.! Leaves leathery, glabrous, reticulated above, glau-
cescent beneath, ovate-oblong or linear, subcordate at the base : petiolar glands close to the
leaves, sessile ; pedicels articidated and bibracteolate below the middle; stigmas compressed-
truncate ; pericarp costate : wing oblong, blunt : inferior margin straightish, superior curved
above, and with a somewhat pointed basilar appendage. — SI. t. 102./. 2. — Banisteria, Besf.
— Articulation of the pedicels 2m-3'" above the base. — Hab. Jamaica !, Pd. ; Antigua !,
Nichols.; [Cuba ! to Guiana; Guayaquil!].

32. St. SagTsenum , Juss.! Leaves rigid, glabrous, coarsely reticulated beneath, and
in a lesser degree above, oval-oblong, oblong, or linear, rounded at the base : petiolar glands
distant a little from the lamina, stipitate ; pedicels articulated at the base ; two stigmas
compressed-truncate, the third uncinate ; pericarp costate : wing oblong, blunt, both margins
straightish, the superior with a somewhat pointed basilar appendage. — Rich. Cub. t. 28.—
St. reticulation, Juss. : a form with the upper surface of leaves shining, and devoid of promi-
nent veins.— Hab. Bahamas!, Swains.; [Cuba!].

7. HETEROPTERIS, Kth.

Calyx usually 8-glandular. Stamens all fertile. Styles 3 : stigmas compressed- truncate.
Samara with the wing thickened on the inferior margin. — Inflorescence usually paniculate ;
petals small, often keeled.

Sect. 1. Ptycheteropteris. — Pericarp foveolate on the ventral side, and with an interior
projection into the cell. — Leaves usually membranaceous.

33. H. purpurea, Kth. Leaves oval, membranaceous, glabrous, glaucescent beneath:
petiole long, %-glandular at the middle ; flowers corymbose or racemose: pedicels slender,
articulated below the middle : bractcoles subulate-setaceous ; petals purple ; pericarp smooth :
wings obliquely semiobovate, rounded at the top : process of the eudocarp minute, conical.
—Cav. Biss. 9. t. 246./. 1.— Banisteria, L. — A low climber among shrubs ; leaves 1"-1/.
long ; samara; 1" long.— Hab. Antigua !, Nichols. ; S. Vincent !, Guild. ; [S. Thomas ! to
Venezuela!].

34. H. parviflora, BC. Leaves membranaceous, glabrate above, pubescent beneath :
petiole long, ^-glandular at the top ; flowers corymbose • pedicels slender, articulated below
the middle : bracteoles subulate-setaceous ; petals yellowish ; “ pericarp smooth : wing semi-
ovate, with the inferior margin straight.”— Vent. Choix, l. 51.— Banisteria, Vent.—Usn.
Jamaica!, Oerst., near Kingston; [S. Thomas],

Sect. 2. Euheteuoptekis. — Pericarp smooth on the ventral side. — Leaves coriaceous.

platyptera, BC. Leaves large, oblong or elliptical-oblong, glabrous, shining
above, eglandular ; racemes paniculate, rusty-tomentose : pedicels thickish, articulated at
the middle : bracteoles ovate, somewhat pointed ; petals yellow ; pericarp smooth : wing
large, oblong : superior margin produced above the cell.— Banisteria longifolia, Sw. B. ma-
i?ea'Ta’ Pers- l5- magnoliiefolia, Desv.—A. high climber ; leaves 8"~12" loug ; samara;
1* -3 long, variable in being straight or curved— Hab. Dominica !, Imr., S. Lucia (Sw),
in mountain woods: [Guadeloupe!; Panama!, Guiana 1, equatorial Brazil !].

36. H. laurifolia, Juss.! Leaves oblong, elliptical, or elliptical-lanceolate, glabrous,
eglandular : veins reticulated on both sides ; racemes paniculate, rusty-pubescent : pedicels

120

MALPIGHIACEiE.

articulated beloio the middle : bracteoles ovate-roundish ; petals yellow ; pericarp smooth :
wing obovate, arcuate-ascending or horizontal : superior margin produced into a basilar del-
toid appendage. — . Plum . Ed. Burn. t. 14. Cav. Biss. 8. t. 242, 9. t. 243. Bnt. Bey. t.
937.- — Banisteria, L., Sw. B. coerulea, Lam. Heteropteris cmrulea, Kill., Juss.!: there is
no character to distinguish this : the blue colour of its petals rests merely upon the authority
of Plunder, and is probably an old mistake, as the petals are undoubtedly yellow (St., Mac/.),
or a change of colour may perhaps take place with age, as according to the figure of the Bot.
lteg. the pedicels are blue, while the petals are yellow. — A twining climber ; leaves 3"- 6"
long ; samara; 12"'— 20"' long, variable just as in the preceding, the wing being cither con-
stricted at the base, aud ascending in an angle of about 40°, or not constricted and exactly
horizontal. — Hab. Jamaica!, Hartw., At., March, common, among shrubs; [Cuba! to
Portorico !].

37. H. Ldndeniana, Juss. ! Leaves lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate, tapering towards
the bluntish top, glabrous, with a pair of small glands beneath near the margin : petiole
short ; racemes paniculate, rusty pubescent ; pedicels articulated below the middle ; bracteoles
oval; petals yellow; samaras . . . .■ — H. acutifolia Vincentiana, Juss ! Nearly related to
the preceding, and to H. suberosa, Gr., of Guiana : the petiole only 1"' long ; leaves 4"-3"
long, 1 2"'-6'" broad. — Hab. S. Vincent!, Guild.; [Yucatan!].

38. H. macrostachya, Juss. Leaves oval or oblong-oval, shining above, rusty or
aurate beneath with a silky down, and with a series of glands along the margin : petiole
2-glandular at the middle ; umbels 4-flowered, paniculate, rusty-sericeous : pedicels thickish,
articulated at the middle : bracteoles minute, deltoid ; petals yellow ; pericarp smooth : wing
large, oblong or semiobovate, straight : superior margin produced above the cell — Juss.
Monogr. t. 14 -. the samara. — A climber ; samara; 2^'' long, 10'" broad above in the Trinidad
form. — Hab. Trinidad!, Or. ; [Guiana, New Granada !, equatorial Brazil !].

Tribe III. HIR2EA CELL. — Stamens mostly 10. Styles 3 (-1). Samaroid nuts, with the
principal wings lateral, inserted upon a pyramidal torus.

8. TRIOPTERIS, L.

Calyx 8-glandular. Stamens all fertile. Styles 3 : stigmas obliquely truncate. Samara
with 3 lateral wings : two superior spreading, the third inferior, descending : dorsal hue of
the pericarp shortly crested. — Glabrous climbers ; panicles lax, constituted of distant ra-
cemes; flowers blue.

39. T. ovata, Cav. Leaves chartaceous, elliptical-oblong, with 2 minute glands beneath
and close to the petiole : veins irregularly reticulated ; samara-wings semiobovate-oblong.—
Cav. Biss. 9. t. 259. Juss. Monogr. t. 18.— T. jamaicensis, Sw. I Malpighia paniculate,
Mill. ! (Bunchosia, DC.). Hirsea Jussimana, Miq.l (exclus. descr. fruct.).— A twining
climber ; leaves usually 2"-2}" long ; samara- wings 6'" long.— TIab. Jamaica 1, Sw., Macf,
Wils., March ; [Haiti; Surinam!].

40. T. rigida, Sw.! Leaves rigid, coriaceous, orbicular-obovate, elliptical or oblong-
linear eg'landular, lineaie with many parallel and anastomosing veins ; samara-wings senn-
obovate.— A twining climber; leaves shining; samara- wings 5'" long, inferior sometimes
shorter

a. Leaves broad, retuse or blunt. — Kth. Nov. Gen. 5. t. 451. T. lucida, Kth. T. hava-
nensis, Kth. — Leaves li" long, 16'"— 8'" broad. . ,,

(8. Leaves narrow. — Jacq. Observ. 3. t. 57. — T. jamaicensis, L., Cliff-i _ ‘V-

nisteria microphylla, Jacq. Triopteris parviflora, Juss.!— Leaves 12 -6 long, 6 3 broad.

Linnams’s name is not to be adopted : for he confounded different plants among Ins syno-
nyms, and the species has not been observed in Jamaica; Swartz s homonym besides be-
longs to the preceding species.

IIab. Bahamas!, Swains. (/8) ; [Cuba!, Haiti!].

9. TETRAPTERIS, Cav.

Calyx usually 8-glandular. Stamens all fertile. Styles 3: stigmas truncate. Samara,
with 4 lateral wings, 2 of which are superior, 2 inferior : dorsal hne of the pericarp cicste .
Umbels or corymbs mostly paniculate ; petals yellow.

MALPIGHIACEjE.

121

41. T. inaequalis, Cao. Glabrous; leaves ovate or elliptical, pointed, coriaceous:
stipules interpetiolar, deciduous ; umbels 4-tlowered, paniculate: pedicels articulated at or
below the middle; samara exappendiculate between tlie dorsal crest and the wings: superior
wings twice as long as the inferior ones. — Cav. Biss. 9. t. 260. — T. citrifolia, Sw. — A high,
trailing climber. — Hab. Jamaica !, Pd., Wils.; [Costarica !, equatorial Brazil !].

42. T. discolor, BC. Leaves elliptical or elliptical-oblong, bluntish or pointleted,
coriaceous, glabrous : stipules interpetiolar, deciduous ; umbels 4-flowered, paniculate : pedicels
lioary pubescent, articulated at the middle ; samara furnished with several lamellar appen-
dages between the dorsal crest and the wings : superior wing 3-4 times as long as the in-
ferior ones. — Triopteris, Mey. Esseq. ! Tetrapteris trinitensis, Juss. ! — A climber. — Hab.
Trinidad !, Ed., Cr. ; [Guiana !].

10. MASCAGNIA, Bert.

Calyx usually 8-glandular. Stamens all fertile. Styles 3 : stigmas compressed-truncate.
Samara either encircled by a solitary lateral wing, or with two wings, one on each side. —
Blowers usually racemose, or corymbose : pedicels articulated above the base.

Sect. 1. Eumascagnia. — Pericarp encircled by a solitary lateral wing.

43. M. ovatifolia, Gr. Leaves chartaceous, ovate or elliptical, apieulate, glabrous,
glandular at the base beneath : petiole eglandular ; corymbs paniculate : pedicels pubescent,
slender, articulated near the base : bracteoles setaceous, distant a little from the knee ; pe-
tals . . . ; samara-wing orbicular, emarginate at the top, glabrous : dorsal crest minute. —
Hirsea, Kth., Juss. ! — A climber ; leaves 4"-3" long ; samara-w'ing 1" diameter, bearing
the carpid a little above the middle. — Hab. Trinidad !, Lockh., Cr. ; [Venezuela].

Sect. 2. Pleuropteris. — Lateral samara-wings distinct : dorsal crest much smaller,

or none.

44. M. Simsiana, Gr. Leaves chartaceous, elliptical-oblong or ovate-lanceolate, gla-
brous : petiole 2-glandular above the middle ; corymbs paniculate : pedicels articulated and
2-bracteolate towards the middle ; petals yellow, pubescent ; samara-wings 2, obversefy del-
toid, exceeding 3-4 times the dorsal crest. — Bot. Mag. t. 809 : not sufficient. — Byrsonima
volubilis, BC. Hirsea Simsiana, Juss. ! — A climber; leaves about 5"-6" long; samara-
wings 6"'-7"' long.— Hab. Jamaica!, Wright, Bist., Pd. ; S. Vincent!, Guild. ; [Guiana],

XI. HI1LEA, Jacq.

Stamens all fertile. Styles 3 : stigmas compressed-truncate. Samara with lateral wings,
one on each side. Embryo: one of the cotyledons abortive. — Leaves penninerved : primary
veins impressed cibove, prominent beneath ■ petiole 2- glandular , and furnished above the
base with 2 persistent, cylindrical-acuminate stipules ; umbels usually ^-flowered, lateral :
pedicels articulated at the base.

45. H. Ridleyana, Juss. Leaves obovate-oblong or oblong, quite entire, glabrous,
with the midrib whitish-pubescent beneath : primary veins numerous, 12—14 on each side :
petiole puberulous, stipulate and 2-glandular below the top; calyx. 8-glauduJar ; samarse
puberulous : wings dilated, sinuate-repand. -Leaves 6"-4" long, 2|"-1|" broad : stipules
inserted below the top of the petiole.— Hab. Trinidad !, Cr.; [Guiana].

46. H. reclinata, Jacq. Leaves obovate-oblong, blunt at the base, furnished with
distant sessile glands on the margin above the middle, glabrate, with a whitish down per-
sistent on the midrib beneath : primary veins 8—10 on each side : petiole pubescent, stipulate
below and 2-glandular above the middle ; calyx 8-10-glandular, or eglandular; samara; . . . :

wings roundish.” — Jacq. Amer. Piet. t. 260./. 37 : a leaf.— H. llookeriana, Juss. !: the
orm with the glanduliferous calyx. — A shrub, about 1:V high: branches trailing, pubescent;
raves 4 -3 long, 2,,-l" broad, puberulous and at length glabrous : stipules inserted 2"1
above the base, 3'" below the top of the petiole.— Hab. Trinidad !, Sell., Lockh., Cr. ; [Ve-
nezuela]. L

47. H. Swartziana, Juss. Leaves elliptical-oblong, pointleted with a mucronate top.

122

SAPINDACEJ).

quite entire, glabrous above, silvery with a silky down beneath : primary veins 10-12 on each
side : petiole stipulate above the middle , 2-glandular near the top ; calyx cglandular, or
8-glandular ; samara pubescent : wings reniform-roundish, sinuate on the outer margin. —
Malpighia faginea, Sjv. ! — A climbing shrub ; leaves 5"-3" long, 2?, "-I" broad : stipules
inserted 2"' above the base, V'1 below the top of the petiole. — Hab. Grenada, Masson ;
[Nicaragua!, Guiana!].

48. H. chrysophylla, Juss. ! Leaves elliptical-oblong, pointleted, quite entire, gla-
brous above, aurate with a silky down beneath: primary veins 10-12 on each side : petiole
stipulate below and 2-glandular near the top ; calyx 8-10-glandnlar ; samara pubescent :
wings 2—4 -partite, or -lobed. — Gr. in Mart. FI. Bras. 21. i. 20. — A shrub ; leaves 5"-3"
long, 2i"-l" broad : stipules inserted below the top of the petiole. — Has. S. Lucia !,

Anders.; [Guiana, equatorial Brazil !].

XLII. SAPINDACE2E.

Sepals 3-4, usually distinct. Petals 4 (5-0), often bearing internally a scale, separated
from the stamens by a disc or glands. Stamens usually 8. Pistil syucarpous: style single,
usually 3 -fid : ovary 3(2-4)-celled : cells l-2(-3)-ovulate : ovules, if single, mostly erect.
Seeds often arillate. Embryo exalbuminous : radicle mostly inferior.— Climbers or woody
plants ; leaves mostly alternate, compound ( or reduced to a single lamina) ; flowers small,
racemose or paniculate, often polygamous. _ ,

Bitter and poisonous substances are common in this Order ( Paullinia , Serjania ) : eatable
berries or seeds, however, occur likewise ( Melicocca , Bodonaa, and the fleshy arillus of
Blighia sapida). In some genera there are resinous-aromatic properties (Bodonaa), and
others contain a peculiar saponaceous matter ( Sapindus ).

Tribe I. SAPINBEJE. — Stamens interior to the disc or glands. Ovules solitary .

1. CAllDIOSPERMUM, L.

Sepals 4 : two interior larger. Petals 4, asymmetrical, bearing scales. Glands 2, oppo-
posite the inferior petals. Stamens 8. Capsule vesicular-inflated, at length loculicidal.
Seeds globose, crustaceous, arillate: embryo convolute. — Climbing herbs; leaves biternately
compound, exstipulate ; corymbs axillary, peduncled : peduncles with 2 tendrils near the
top ; pedicels articulated near the middle ; flowers white.

1. C. Slalicacabum, L. Leaflets biternate, incised and obtusely serrate, terminal

pointed; disc-glands roundish; superior petals spathulate, 4 times as long as the outer
sepals ; capsule subglobose, large, rounded at the top.— Besc. FI. 4. t. 241.— C. Conndum,
L. in Mus. Bks.l C. molle, Kth. ; loxense, Kth. ; vRlosum Ma<f j corycodes, Kz. ;
Halicacabum, a et 5, BL— Annual, pubescent or glabrate ; petals 2 -3 long; capsule 1
long, pubescent or glabrous.— Hab. Jamaica!, Pd.; S. Vmcevit!, common;

[Texas ! and Mexico 1 to Brazil ! and Montevideo l, Niger !, Tsad 1, Nubia!, Arabia East
Indies!, Galapagos!].

2. C. microcarpum, Kth. Leaflets biternate, incised and obtusely serrate, terminal
acuminate ; disc-glands roundish ; superior petals obovate, 3 times as long as the outer
sepals ; capsule turbinate-roundisli, small, triangular, depressed at the top —C. acummatmn
Min.! Halicacabum (/3 et 7), Bl.— Annual, glabrous ; petals 1"'-1," long ; capsule 4
long and broad. — Hab. Dominica!, Imr. ; Grenada!, Finl. ; Trinidad!, Cr. ; [Venezuela,
to Para !, Syene !, Nubia !, Cape !, East Indies !, Pacific Islands !].

3. C. prandiflorum, Sw. Suffrutescent ; leaflets biternate, ovate, deeply serrate, point-
leted puberulous beneath: serratures pointed; disc-glands cylindrical; superior petals
obovate, 6 times as long as the outer sepals, tipped at the top with yellow; eapsule very
large elliptical, angular, pointed at both euds. — Petals 6 , capsule 3 long. Hab.
maica !, Mac/., Bist., Wils., AL, March, common in thickets.

2. URVILLEA, Kth.

Sepals 5. Petals 4, bearing scales. Stamens 8, interior to 4-2 glands. Samara: 3,

SAPINDACEiE.

123

connected in the axis, at length separating from each other : wings surrounding the cells.
Sends crustaceous, arillate : cotyledons thick, fleshy, straightish. — Climbing shrubs ; leaves
temate, stipulate ; racemes juxta-axillary , peduncled ; peduncles with 2 tendrils near the
top; pedicels fascicled , articulated near the middle ; flowers whitish.

4. U. seriana, Gr. Leaflets ovate, coarsely serrate, or incised, the middle cuneate at
the base ; racemes much exceeding the leaf ; disc-glands 2, one inferior, one superior, both
emarginate ; samara-wings semiobovate. — Gcertn. Carp. t. 79. — Paullinia, L., Cliff, {ex
descr.). Serjania sinuata, Schum. Urv. Berteriana, DC. — Branchlets and leaves pubescent
or glabrate ; racemes 4"-2" long, about twice as long as the peduncle, which is indexed at
the tendrils and equals the leaf ; samarae 1" long ; cell in a central position with respect to
the wing. — Hab. S. Vincent!, Guild.; Grenada!, Lane; Trinidad!, Cr. ; [Nicaragua!,
Venezuela !].

3. SERJANIA, Kth.

(Cururu, Sic)

Sepals 5. Petals 4, bearing scales. Stamens 8, interior to 4-2 glands. Samarce 3,
connected in the axis : wings basilar, decurrent along the carpophore : cells villous within.
Seeds crustaceous, usually with a minute arillus : cotyledons incurved. — Shrubs, climbing
by peduncular or axillary tendrils ; leaves stipulate ; racemes juxta-axillary , simple or
compound.

* Leaves punctate with pellucid lines and dots.

5. S. paniculata, Kth. Branchlets puberulons ; leaves biternate, dotted: leaflets
ovate, serrate, glabrous, shining above : petiole naked , trigonal ; samarce puberulous above ;
wing semiobovate-oblong, wholly inferior, not lining the back of the cell, which is obsoletely
veined on the surface. — Kth. Nov. Gen. t. 441. — S. equestris, Macf.: a form with the
racemes compound.— Leaflets variable, l"-2" long, tufted with hairs in the vein-axils
beneath ; samara; 8'" long, and as broad below, 4"'-5'" .broad above. — Hab. Jamaica !,
If ils., Macf, common ; [Cuba to Venezuela].

6. S. lucida, Schum. Branchlets glabrous ; leaves biternate, dotted : leaflets ovate,
subentire, glabrous, shining above: petiole lined above with a narroio margin; samarce
glabrous : wing semiobcordate, lining usually the back of the wing or glabrous cell. — S. Os-
sana, DC— Leaflets 5"-2" long ; samarae 10"'-8"' long, 8'" broad below, 5"'-6"' broad above.
— Hab. Jamaica!, Wullsch., Manchester: [Cuba, S. Thomas !].

7. S. divaricata, Sw. Branchlets puberulous or glabrate; leaves biternate, dotted:
leaflets large, elliptical, subentire, glabrous : petiole naked, or lined by a very narrow
margin ; samarce pubescent : wing semiobcordate, wholly inferior, not lining the back of
the smooth cell. — Paullinia, Sw., olim.. — A high climber; leaflets 3' -6" long, some of them
sometimes abortive ; racemes long, in lax panicles ; samarae 8'" long, 6"'-8'" broad below,
4W broad above. Hab, Jamaica!, Dist., Wils., Al., March, common in mountain-woods.

** Leaves opaque.

8. S. paucidentata, DC. Branchlets glabrate; leaves biternate, not dotted: leaflets

elliptical, subentire, and with 2-4 large crenatures near the blunt top, glabrous : petiole lined
by a narrow wing ; samarce pubescent above : wing semiobcordate, wholly iuferior, not
lining the back of the small, smooth cell. — Leaflets 2"— 4 " long : petiolar wings tapering
towards the base ; samara; 1" long, 10"' broad at the base, 3'" broad at the top.— IIab
Irimdad!, Cr.; [Guiana], 1

S. angustifolia, W., said to occur in Jamaica, is remarkable by the foliaeeous petioles
(Desc. Ft. 4. t. 237).

4. PAULLINIA, L.

Sepals 5 distinct (or two of them combined). Petals 4, bearing scales. Stamens 8,
interior to 2-4 glands. Capsule septicidal, 3-cellcd (or by abortion 1-cellcd). Seeds crus-
taccous, anUate. Shrubs, climbing by peduncular or axillary tendrils; leaves stipulate;
racemes axillary or juxta-axillary ; capsules usually pubescent within.

SAPINDACEjE.

124

* Leaves bilernate.

9. P. barbadensis, Jacq. Leaves bilernate, not dotted: leaflets spathulate or
elliptical-lanceolate, subentire or crenate-rcpand above, glabrous: petiole lined by a narrow
margin, naked below the division ; capsule 2,-winged nearly to the axis, tapering very
shortly at the base, puberulous or glabrate : wings semi-oval. — Jacq. Obs. t. 62./. 9. ell':
the leaf. — P. caribeea, Jacq. : a form with the petiole muricate below. — Leaflets 2"-l"
long ; racemes simple, peduncled : capsule 6'" long, 4"'-5"' broad : cells lanceolate ; seeds
somewhat compressed, semiobovate, 2"' long, black, half-covered with the brown arillus. —
Hab. Jamaica!, Macf, Wils., March; Caribbean Islands {Jacq.).

10. P. curassavica, Jacq. ! Leaves biternate, doited with pellucid lines : leaflets
. rhomboid or elliptical-oblong, with distant, large, blunt serratures above the middle, gla-
brous : petiole lined by a narrow wing, naked below the division ; capsule wingless,
pyriform, glabrous : upper part subglobose, obsoletely 3-furrowed, tapering abruptly into
the carpophore. — Jacq. Obs. t. 61./. 8: the leaf. — P. jamaicensis, Macf. — Leaflets 4"- 11”
long, membranaceous; capsule 5"'-6'" long, 4"’ broad above, cylindrical and irl diam. at
the base : cells hemispherical-convex ; seeds globose, black, more than half-covered with the
brown, bipartite, foliaceous arillus. — Hab Jamaica !, all coll., in the limestone districts ;
[New Granada!].

P. curassavica, Gr. {PI. Carib., and probably L. Cliff. “ ob fruct. triquetrum”), of Gua-
deloupe (and Brazil !), is another species, with a winged capsule and opaque leaves : but I
have reformed the names from the original specimens of P. curassavica, Jacq.! and Sw. !,
in the Banksian collection.

** Leaves impari-pinnate, with the lowest division ternate.

11. P. ingifolia, Pick. Leaves impari-pinnate, not dotted: lowest division ternate :
leaflets 3-jugal, ovate-oblong, glabrous, subentire or with some distant serratures : petiole
lined by a narrow wing below the uppermost division, naked from the middle one to the
base ; capsule Z-winged nearly to the axis, pyriform, tapering gradually into the carpophore,
glabrous : wings thickened towards the cell. — Leaflets 5"— 2" long ; capsule 9'" long, 6"'
broad above : cells lanceolate ; carpophore 3"' long, filiform, and dilated : triquetrous at the
top. — Hab. Trinidad !, Loclch., Cr. ; [Guiana].

*** Leaves simply impari-pinnate.

12. P. Vespertilio, Sw. ! Leaves impari-pinnate, not dotted : leaflets 2-jugal, glabrous,

ovate-oblong, with distant serratures above: petiole naked ; capsule ovoid-globose, stipitate,
3 -winged at the top : wings oblong-linear, blunt, horizontally spreading. — Racemes exceeded
by the leaf ; capsule 4"'-6'" long, 3"'-4'" broad; wings 6'" long, broad. — Hab. S.

Kitts!, Masson; S. Lucia 1, S. Vincent !, Anders.

13. P. pinnata, L. Leaves impari-pinnate, not dotted : leaflets 2-jugal, glabrous, ovate-
oblong, or oblong-lanceolate, with distant, coarse serratures : petiole winged to the base ;
capsule pyriform, wingless. — Plum. Descr. t. 91. Garin. Carp. t. 79. — P. diversilolia,
Miq. ! ; nitida, Steud. ; Ilostmanni, Steud.— A high climber ; leaflets 3"-6" long ; racemes
as long as or exceeded by the leaves ; capsule variable in its longitudinal diameter. — -Hab.
Dominica !, Mnl. ; S. Lucia !, Anders. ; Trinidad !, Cr. ; [Panama !, Venezuela !, Guiana !,
Brazil !, Peru !, Senegambia !, Niger ! : the only Paullinia which has migrated from America
across the Atlantic].

14. P. leiocarpa, Gr. {n. sp.). Leaves impari-pinnate, not dotted: leaflets 2-jugal, pu-
berulous or glabrate, ovate or ovate-oblong, with a few blunt or obsolete serratures towards
the top : petiole winged to the base; capsule globose, smooth, subsessi/e. — Stem angular :
brancblets and racemes pilose ; leaflets 3,/— 4,/ long, penninerved : petiole foliaceous, 4”'
broad, tapering towards the divisions : stipules minute, roundish ; racemes' spiciform, sub-
sessile, exceeded by the petiole ; flower . . . ; capsule browu, polished, with three obsolete,
filiform, longitudinal keels, 12"' long, 10'" broad, 3(-l)-spermous ; seeds crnstaceous,
purple-black, obovoid, 3 times as long as the whitish, bipartite arillus : cotyledons fleshy,
semiglobose, contiguous, scarcely incurved at the top. — Hab. Trinidad !, Cr.

15. P. spheerocarpa, Rich. Leaves impari-pinnate, dotted with pellucid, branched

SAPINDACEyE.

125

lines : leaflets 2-jugal, glabrous, ovate or ovate-oblong, with distant, blunt or obsolete ser-
ratures above the middle : petiole naked below, and with a narrow margin towards the top
only ; “ capsule globose , smooth .” — Leaflets 5"-3" long, pointleted with a blunt point :
petiolar margin tapering downwards, and disappearing above the inferior division ; racemes
puberulous, nearly sessile, as long as the leaves. — Hab. Dominica !, Imr. ; [Guiana : the
African habitat in DC. Prodr. being a misprint].

Oi other Paulliniee, said to be West Indian, P. Cururu, L., has ternate leaves ; P. tomen-
tosa, Jacq. (Observ. t. 10), has tomentose leaves and capsules.

5. CUPANIA, L.

Sepals 5, imbricative. Petals 5. Stamens 8 (-10) : disc complete. Capsule 3(-l)-
celled, loculicidal: seeds crustaceous, arillate. — Trees or erect shrubs; leaves pinnate;
racemes axillary.

16. C. glabra, Sw. Branehlets glabrate; leaflets abruptly 2-5 (-8) -jugal, glabrous,
alternate, oblong or elliptical, quite entire, or crenate-repand : principal veins 6-10 on each
side ; racemes tomentose ; petals roundish, naked, as long as the sepals ; stamens 8, ex-
serted; style shortly 3-fid; capsule glabrous, trigonal-turbinate or subglobose, 3-keeled:
cells as long as the carpophore; seeds globose-subcompressed, semi-immersed within the
ari litis. — Rich. Cub. t. 31.— C. mnltijuga, Rich. .- a variety with the leaflets 5-8-jugal.
C. laevigata, Miq., Seem. /.- the foim with the leaflets entire. Sapiudus glabrescens, Hook. ! :
a form with the leaflets puberulous beneath. — A tree; axils of primary leaflet-veins tufted
with hairs, or glabrous ; capsule 9",-10'" long, 8'" broad at the mucronate top : carpophore
cylindrical, sometimes dilated above ; seeds brown— Hab. Jamaica !, Mac/., List., Al
March, common in the lower hills ; [Cuba !, Mexico !, Panama !, Guiana].

16. C. Americana, L. Branehlets tomentose ; leaflets abruptly 2-4(-6)-jugal
scabrous-pubescent beneath (or glabrate), alternate, obovate-oblong, blunt, serrate or
repaud : principal veins 10-16 on each side, equidistant ; racemes paniculate, tomentose ;
petals cucullate-cuneate, naked, as long as the sepals ; stamens 8, exserted ; style 3-fid •
capsule tomentose, trigonal-subglobose, obtusely 3-keeled : cells much larger than the short
carpophore ; seeds ovoid-globose, shining, arillate at the base.— Plum. Ed. Burm. t. 110 ;
Lesc. FI. 2. t. 89. — C. tomentosa, Sw. .- the form with serrate leaflets. C. saponarioides'
Sw.: the form with repand-entire leaflets.— A tree; leaflets 3"-7" long, usually with
sinuate, mucronulate serratures ; capsule 10'" long aud broad: carpophore thickish, evlin-
,nCa; louS; seeds nearly black, 3 times as long as the yellowish arillus.— Hab.

irmidad !, Loclch Cr. ; [Cuba !, Guadeloupe !, Venezuela !].

C. fulva, Mart. (C. tnquetra, Kich. Cub.), is a similar species, ranging from Cuba and the
Virgin Islands to Guiana! and Pernambuco!: it is well distinguished by having a sharnlv
o-angular, turbinate capsule. 1 -

6*. BLIGHIA, Keen.

Sepals 5, imbricative Petals 5, bearing scales. Stamens 8 : disc complete. Pericarp
neshy, dehiscent, 3-cellcd : seeds crustaceous, with a large fleshy arillus. — A tree • leaves
pinnate ; racemes axillary. :

AV1®* B; Sapid,a) ^n.—Tuss. FI. 1. ft 3; Lesc. FI. 8. ft 560,-Cupania, Camb.
. keesia afneana, Toss.— Leaflets 3-4-jugal, obovate-oblong, quite entire, 3" long; flowers
pubescent ; petals white, oblong : scale large, bilobed ; stamens exserted, hairy below, in-
serted within the entire disc; style 3-fid; fruit red, obovate-oblong, obtusely 3-gonal
j “ -d both ends, about 4 long : seeds black, \ longer than the white, eatable arillus.—
Hab. Naturalized in Jamaica!, List.; [introduced from Western Africa].

7. RATONIA, LC. emend.

(Arytaca, Bl.)

Cmlm/e ^tamens 8 (—10), inserted within the complete disc,

cent above dnn CfUC< i 3 r ° ^ 1 lc ltu(ldlc : lolics subcompressed, cvmbiform, deliis-

raecmcs^S£?d0,,8al “ ' 7 8 * crU8taceoU8' ^“te.-Trecs ; leaves abruptly pinnate;

126

SAPINDACE^E.

Aryt.cea, Bl., is not sufficiently distinguished by liaving minute petals.

19. R. ape tala. Or. Leaves opposite: leaflets 3-8-jugal, obliquely opposite, not
dotted, lanceolate-oblong, quite entire, glabrous ; panicles terminal and axillary, puberulous,
polygamous; petals 0 ; stamens 8, exserted : anthers subglobose; style 3-fid at the top ;
capsule 3-lobed, stipitate, coriaceous.— Rich. Cub. t. 32.— Cupania, Macf. ! C. oppositii'olia,
Rich. C. juglandifolia, Rich, (except the leaves). — A middle-sized tree; leaves exstipulate :
leaflets 3"-2" long ; flowers minute, V" long ; disc and pistil villous ; capsule glabrous,
reddish, 8"' long, 6'" broad above: cells obovate-compressed, 4"' long, as long as the cylin-
drical carpophore, with the lobes divergent and dehiscent above the contracted, septiferous
axis : seeds compressed, roundish, black, with a yellowish-white arillus at the base. — Hab.
Jamaica 1, Macf., Wils., At., in mountain-woods ; [Cuba].

8. SAPINDUS, L.

Sepals 5 (-4), iinbricative. Petals as many. Stamens 8 (4-10) : disc complete. Peri-
carp fleshy, 3 (-4)-coccous, or usually by abortion 2-1-coccous : carpids indehisceut : seeds
bony, not arillate.— Trees ; leaves abruptly pinnate ; racemes paniculate.

20. S. Saponaria, L. Leaflets alternate, 5-4-jugal, oblong-lanceolate or elliptical,
pubescent beneath : rhachis broadly winged; panicle pubescent ; petals...; carpids globose,
1 (_4). — Carpids black. — Hab. Jamaica \, Dist., common; [Venezuela!].

21. S. insequalis, DC. Leaflets alternate, 5-3 (-1) -jugal, oblong-lanceolate, acuminate,
or lower ones elliptical, glabrous : rhachis marginate, or naked ; panicle pubescent ; petals
ciliate, bearing a minute scale; carpids globose, usually solitary by abortion.— A A 4.
t. 261.— S. Saponaria, Lane, Rich. Cub. S. Forsythn, DC. ^—Carpids 8 (liam., shining-
brown.— Hab. Antigua 1, Nichols.; S. Vincent!, Guild. ; [Cuba, Venezuela!, Brazil!].

9. SCLIMIDELIA, Sic.

(Allophylus, L., Bl.)

Semis 4. Petals 4. Glands 4, opposite the petals. Stamens 8. Pericarp 2(-3)-
coccous or usually by abortion 1-coccous : carpid mdehiscent or opened by rupture,
crustaceous within: seeds with a membranaceous testa, not armate.— Trees or4ect shrubs ;
leaves ternale {or l-foliolate) ; racemes axillary, often divided; flowers fasciculate .

22 Schm. Cominia, Sw. Brauchlets, petioles, leaf nerves, and racemes rusty-
velutinous ■ leaflets 3, petiolulate, elliptical, serrulate with accumbeut serratures above the
middle ffiabroius between the ribs above, pubescent or glabrate beneath ; racemes divided,
Waskngasthe petiole; petals naked ; style bifid at the top; carpids globose-obovoid

i D i <?/ t ons f 1 Rhus L Rh. arborea, DC. {ex syn. SI., non 31acf.)

-XZ SiiSJdKr 1 £Sl Mai, variable in the nJk.r »d ,i« of th.
.art, .re,” Z pid. ,ome«b.t dry, 2” long, U” broad.-Han. domical: ,11

coll., common in the lower kills ; [Cuba !, Haiti !J.

09 Schm. erlabrata, Kth. Glabrous; leaflets. 3, petiolulate elliptical, quite entire,
i. ncpmps divided nearly as long as the petiole ; petals naked; style. . ., carpids
or repan ; . t 5»-3" lon°', bluntish, or pointleted with a blupt point; carpids

Anders.; [Cuba! to Minas Geraes !].

10. THOUINIA, Poit.

Sepals 4-5. Petals as many, naked. Stamens 8-10 : disc complete.

Samara; 3, at

l,nStpSngftri”£“h« SrMSM. membranaceous to*. ■*
ariUate.— Trees or shrubs ; racemes axillary.

SAPINDACE2E.

127

25. Th. discolor; Gr. (n. sp.) Branchlets and petioles tomentose; leaves temate :
leaflets sessile, lanceolate-elliptical, blunt, quite entire, glabrous above, white beneath with a
minute velutinous down; racemes simple; petals 4, exceeding the calyx; samaras.... —
Leaflets 2"-l long, 10"'-8"' broad, rounded or somewhat emargiuate at the top : petiole
4"'-6'" long ; racemes shortly peduncled, pubescent, nearly as long as the leaves : pedicels
fascicled, 2'" long ; flowers polygamous ; petals roundish, V" long ; stamens 8, exserted,
hypogy nous within the crenate disc ; style 3-fid at the top, exserted. Habit of Th. trifoliata,
Poit., and distinguished from Th. tonierdosa, DC., by having quite entire leaflets : Schmid,
nervosa. Rich., is a fourth West Indian species of this genus.— Hab. Bahamas !, Swains.

11. MELICOCCA, L.

Calyx 4-partite : segments imbricative. Petals 4, naked. Stamens 8 : disc complete.
Ovary 2-eelled : stigma peltate, subsessile. Berry 2-1-spermous. — Trees ; leaves abruptly
pinnate ; racemes divided.

26. M. bijuga, L. Leaflets bijugal, elliptical or elliptical-lanceolate, quite entire,
glabrous ; panicle terminal ; berry ovoid.— Jacq. Amer. Piet. 1. 109. — A tree, 40'-50' high ;
berry green, l"-l-g" long. — Hab. Trinidad!, Sch. ; naturalized in Jamaica!, List. A l
Wils. ; [Guiana, New Granada !].

12. I1YPELATE, P. Br.

(Exothea, Macf.)

Sepals 5. Petals as many. Stamens 8 : disc complete. Ovary 2(-3)-celled : style
short, simple; ovules pendulous. Berry l(-2)-spermons : endoearp chartaeeous. Seed
crustaceous, not arillate. Shrubs or trees ; leaflets glabrous, shining, quite entire ■ flowers
corymbose or paniculate.

27. H. trifoliata, Sw. ! Leaves temate: leaflets spathulate, lineate with oblique
veins; corymbs glabrous, axillary, equalling the leaf: pedicels slender; sepals glabrous
deciduous; berry ovoid-globose, black.— Deless. Ic. 3. A 39: a form distinguished from
am JTf A rfemo3e flowers.— A high shrub, or slender tree; leaflets 20"'-12"' lono-

LiLke 3 br“d'-HiB- ,amaiaa!' **.,*<«*. iath'

“n *5,' paniculata> pamb. Leaves abruptly pinnate: leaflets 2(-l-3)-iugal, oblorm
usuafly blunt; corymbs m a, terminal panicle, hoary-pubescent ; sepals tomentose, per-
sistent; berry globose purple.— Mem. Mas. 3. t. 5 ; Land. Journ. of Bot. 3/7 —
Mehcocca, Juss. Exothea oblongifoha, Macf. ! Hyp. oblongifolia, Hook. ! H. trifoliata
hi. PL. Canb.—k low, or middle-sized tree; leaflets 4"-li" long, 16"'-8m broad- nairs

6" dia”-Ha"- i/fc

Ikibe II. D OB ONLEEJE. Stamens inserted into the liypogynous disc.

m each ovary -cell, superior erect, inferior pendulous.

13. DODONiEA, L.

Ovules 2

Sepals 4 (5-3). Petals 0 Stamens 8(6-10). Capsule 2-3(4-6)-celled septicidal
-ErJctT£: USUallf 8urro““di“g the ^ £>eeds crustaceous, cxSS

corymbose^ V WC0Se : leaves mostl,J ^ifoliolate ; flowers racemose or

ro.fmilcf'l Visc°8a> Lf Le™e? °b ovate- lan ceolate or oblanceolate ; capsule winged

the btse ’ confiluoir at ft f 'l ' surrounding the cell, of equal breadth nearly to

t°nt,ffu°us at Hie top : terminal sinus closed.— SI. 1. 102. f. 3.— D viscosa Mus

badoes ! Trinidad" rv’’ f n’’ 011 the arid seashore; Antigua!, Nichols.; Bar-

New Holland !]' ’ ’ ’ CW rauada ’ Brazil!, East Iudies !, South Arabia!, tropical

30. D. Burmanmana, DC. Leaves spathulate-lanceolate, oblong-luneeolute, or ob-

128

MELIACE2E.

lanceolate ; capsule winged, roundish, nearly as long as the pedicel: wings surrounding the
cell broader above than near the base : terminal sinus narrow , but open.— As. hr. hen. isor.
A mer. t. 182— D. viscosa, Cav., As. Gr. D. jamaieensis, DC. sec. Mas. Bits, (fixclus. syn
Sw ) 1) Thuubergiana, Eclcl. !; brasiliensis, Schlecht. !; pallida, Mirp !; Dombeyana, Jit.

—Leaves 12"'-4'" broad; capsule 6'"-8'" diam— Hab. Jamaica!, Macf., March, on the
arid seashore; [Florida and Mexico ! to Montevideo! and Peru!, Mascate! to the Cape!,
East Indies !, Pacitie Islands ! to New Zealand !].

31 D angustifolia, Sw. Leaves linear-lanceolate ; capsule winged, roundish, as
Ion- as the pedicel : wings surrounding the cell, broader above than near the base : ‘en>linal
sinus open, ^-angular . P. Br.Jam.t. 18/ l.-D . bialata Kill.-, E. May ^

Mundtiana, Eclcl. ; Schiedeana, Schlecht. ! — Leaves 6 broad , capsule 5 •

Hab. Jamaica !, Al., March, in the mountains ; [Bermudas !, Cuba !, Mexico ., Guayaqui .,
Southern China !, East Indies!, Afghanistan !, Cape!].

XLIII. STA.PHYLEACEJ1.

Petals 5. Stamens as many, inserted into a hypogynous disc. ^r^^'^^XdmTs
several (or solitary) in each cell. Seeds bony, albuminous : radicle inferior , cotyledons
large, fleshy.— Trees or shrubs; leaves compound, mostly opposite, stipulate, leaflets

serrate.

1. TURPI NI A, Vent.

Sepals 5, distinct, deciduous. Styles 3, cohering below, or separable. Pericarp drupa-
ceous • putamen 3-celled— Leaves impan-pmnate ; racemes compound.

1 T. occidexxtalis, Don. Leaflets 2-3-jugal, elliptical-oblong, senate or serrate,
glabrous, petiolulate, siipellate ; primary divisions of the panicle n»ran& . PI ■ >
bearing small corymbs, of which the superior ones are usuahy alteinale

Jamaica plant but the putamen-cells 3-2-seeded, while in our specimens oifly one of the
o uk ripens and sometimes one or two of the cells are abortive. -A tree, 20 -80 high
flowers S- drupes dark blue. -Hab. Jamaica 1, all coll., common; Domimea, Imr., S.
Vincent!, Guild. ; [Cuba!, Mexico].

XLIV. MBLIACE^.

(Cedrelem.)

„ , , k 4 , o \ stamens twice as many, inserted into a hypogynous disc, monadel-

Sw KEtZfiLmik'* th « mm 0*r «wt « «**

timber-trees.

Teibe I. MELIE2E. — Seeds albuminous : cotyledons foliaceous.

Ovary-cells 2-ovulate.

1. MELIA, L.

fortih. Mm, »— *•*

1. M. sempervirens, Sw. UMalso^u.. ia 643._a shrub, or low tree;

pel* bluc-voricgolcd ; drape yellow.

MELIACE2E.

129

long, 4"' broad. — Hah. Jamaica !, Macf., March , common ; S. Vincent !, Guild. ;
[Mexico! to Guiana! and equatorial Brazil!, East Indies!, Afghanistan!].

Tribe II. TRICHILIEJE. — Seeds exalbuminous : cotyledons fleshy.

Ovary -cells 2-\{-A)-ovulate.

2. ACHILLA, Gr.

(Tricliilise sp., Jacq.)

Calyx 5-4-fid. Petals oblong, imbrieative. Staminal tube 10-8-fid, separable to tli
base into several 3— 1-androus bundles : lobes oblong, blunt : anthers terminal. Ovary
3-celled: cells biovulate. Pericarp coriaceous, indehiscent : seeds covered with a pulpy
arillus : radicle superior. — Leaves impari-pinnate : leaflets quite entire ; panicles corynibi-
fiorm, terminal and axillary from the uppermost axils.

A. Jussieu s Trichilia! must be broken up into several generic types, each having a peculiar
structure of the. staminal tube. This view is confirmed by habitual characters in the inflo-
rescence : Acrilia is further distinguished by its globose pericarp, which opens with irregular
ruptures, not with valves.

2. A. Sloanei, Gr. — SI. t. 220. f. 1. — Trichilia tenninalis, Jacq. T. hirta, Sw. !
{non L.). T. Sloanei, Macf. /—A tree; leaflets 3-4-jugal, long-petiolulate, ovate or ovate-
oblong, glabrous; panicles tastigiate, pubescent, dense, long and broad; calyx spread-

mg, 3 times exceeded by the corolla : lobes 3-angular ; petals yellowish, tomeutose, 3’" long ;
anthers and staminal tube pubescent, included ; stigma capitate ; pericarp tomentose, 8"'
diam.: cells by abortion usually 1-seeded : seeds roundish, black, with a red arillus.— IIab.
Jamaica!, Macf., Pd., Al., March, common.

3. TRICHILIA, L. {emend.).

Calyx 5-4-fid. Petals ovate-oblong, imbrieative. Staminal tube 10-8-partite : segments
subulate-oblong blunt : anthers terminal, ovoid. Ovary 3-celled : cells biovulate, with the
ovules collateral. Capsule loculicidal : seeds covered with a pulpy arillus : radicle superior.
~dmtcteT W*Ualty ^P^-pinnate : leaflets quite entire ; panicles racemiform, axillary, pe-

3. T. hirta, L. {non Sm). Leaflets % -jugal, elliptical or oblong-lanceolate, glabrous ;
panicles puberulous, 2-4 times exceeded by the leaf: divisions few(-l)-flowered ; filaments
cohering at the base : anthers 10, hairy ; capsule . . . .— SI. t. 210.fi 2, 3 ; Jacq. Schcenbr. 1.
fi , ' T> sIJondioides, Jacq {partim).—k low tree ; leaflets variable, tapering at the base
the lower ones smaller; petals whitish, glabrous, 2"' long; staminal tube hairy within very
short.— Hah. Jamaica {SI.) ; [S. Thomas !, Guadeloupe !, New Granada], 7

t' T’ sP°n<iioides, Sw. ! Leaflets 10-7 -jugal, ovate-oblong, oblique at the base,
glabrous panicles puberulous, 4 times exceeded by the leaf: divisions 1 1-3 -flowered • sta-

rii -It % 0ne1hird's at leD:St:h dividecl: anthers 10. hairy; capsule tomer’itose,
T SindiniL PTdr bel°ngS I,art'y t0 this> but his figure to the preceding,

havin g’ A' nUSS' 18 ^ agrecs m structure> hat is represented wrongly as

having glabrous anhers.-A low tree, 15'-20' high ; leaflets rounded at the base pointed

wirSSS”trc; ^tals greenish-yellow, 1"' long ; stamens hairy ; capsule subglobosc!
b diam. ; seeds ovoid: anUus red.-IlAB. Jamaica !, Al., March, common; [Cuba!]!

4. PIIOLACILIA, Gr.

(Trichilite sp., A. Juss.)

„,Sf oblo”& imbrieative. Stamiml tube deeply 8-10-tld • lobe.

gygag-1*!?* ■*“•**• oblong, hai F/

entire coslate // 2/lch/ia~Lcavcs rmpan-pinnate or ternate : leaflets quite
peduncled or subsessile/ 16 pnmary vnns> few~^iu9al t (;ymes axillary, short, shortly

A. Jussieu has described two superimposed ovules in both the West Indian species : but I

130

MELIACE2E.

find only a single ovule, which is attached below the top of the cell, and consequently
hemianatropous. The analytical figure of T. pallida , A. Juss. (Mel. t. 18 b), which is not
Swartz’s species, agrees exactly with my analysis of Ph. diversifoha, presenting a single,
hemianatropous ovule; and in his T.pteleaifolia, which is an evident congener, Jussieu him-
self declared the cells to be uniovulate, and figures them as such {St. Oil. II. Bras. t. m).

5 Ph. diversifolia, Gr. Leaflets 3-1 -jugal, elliptical or ohovate-ohlong, glabrous ;
cymes corymhiform, shortly peduncled, puberulous, 2-4 times exceeded by the common
petiole; anthers 8; capsule glabrate, globose, smooth, rugulose.— TMchuia, A. Juss.— A.
middle-sized tree ; leaflets variable in size, shape, and number, 8"-2" long, 4-8 Droau:
principal veins prominent beneath, 8-10 on each side, straightish, and arched near tne
margin; petals whitish, 2"' long; capsule 5"'-3"' diam. : seeds ovoid-globose.- -Hab. Uo-
minical, Imr. ; Trinidad 1, Pel., in mountain-woods; [Haiti!, Guadeloupe !J.

6. Ph. trinitensis, Gr. Leaflets 3 -2-jugal, elliptical or elliptical-lanceolate, puberu-
lous or glabrate; cymes short, fasciculiform, subsessile, tomentose ; anthers 8-10 ; capsule
densely ecliihate with soft prickles, hairy, ovate, bluntish —Trichilia, A Juss ^ortesia
echinocarpa, Vriese ! — A tree, 15'-20' high; leaflets 4«-l" long, 2 '-8'" broad : terminal
usually larger ; petals 2"' long, tomentose; capsule 6'” long, 4 b^oad 2-1-celled by aboi-
tion : seed ovoid-globose, black, with a rufescent anllus— Hab. Trinidad ., Pd., Gr., at .
Anns; [Guiana!].

5. PORTESIA, Cav. {emend).

Calyx 4-5-fid. Petals ovate, imbricative. Staminal tube entire, 16-20-toothed : anthers
8-10, ^sessile on the inner side of its month, prominent between the te^-poir^ ^

glabrous. Ovary 3-celled: cells biovulate: ovules one above the other Capsule of
Trichilia.— P ragraut trees or shrubs; leaves impari-pinnate : leaflets few-jugal, quite entire,
glabrous ; cymes axillary , fasciculiform, sessile.

7 P. ovata, Cav. Leaflets 3-jugal, elliptical or oblong : petiole naked; cymes
glabrous: pedicels much longer than the flower ; staminal tube glabrous mthm anthem
8 (—9) ; ovary glabrous; capsule globose, smooth, 8 (-2) -celled.- Cot. ^

Renos t 637 —Trichilia pallida , Sw.l {exclus. descr. pr., nec A. Juss). T. odorata, Anclr.
(inde Moschoxvlum A. Juss). T. moschata j3, DC., Macf.l— A low tree or shrub
12'- 2 5 'hi gh ^leaflets shining, 6"-2" long, 2"-l» broad; cymes many-flowered, about 6'"
long • petals 1'” long, yellowish ; capsule 4'" diam. : arillus red.— Hab. Jamaica ., Mac/.,
Pd., IFils., Al., common ; [Cuba ! to Haiti, Mexico !, Guatemaia ., Vcra^.].

Trichilia alabra Macf., from its description, is no Mehacea at all : but 1. glabra, m, o
Ci£ co uLVded by Swakz, is a second' species of Portesia, distinguished by having nar-
rowly winged petioles, and a villous ovaiy.

6. MOSCHOXYLUM, A. Juss.

Calyx 4-5-toothed. Petals valvar, cohering at the base (or distinct). Staminal lube
entire^ 8-10-toothed: filaments very short, inserted between the teeth: uuthms teimina ,
subulate glabrous. Ovary 3-celled : cells biovulate, with the ovules collateral. Pericarp . ...
—Iterant trees or shrubs; leaves pinnate; leaflets few-jugal, quite entire; panicles

“^Swartz says, that the fruit is that of Trichilia: in my fruit-bearing specimens the peri-
carp perhaps by monstrosity, is woody, iudehiscent, and filled with balsam.

8’ M. Swartzii, Juss. Leaflets 9-3, elliptical-oblong, glabrous ; panicles ^
cemiform, puberulous: divisions corymhiform, shortly peduncled ; corolla deeply 4 5-par^,
"as ong as the calyx : segments ovate-oblong, pointed, spreading above ovary o-

o^e sometime^abortive), or (in the same branch) o^ositc, aBdi^pari-pi^te, abmiUw.ce as
long as the_ panicle; corolla yellowish-white, l"r long.-HAB. Jamaica!, Macj., ,

Trinidad !, Pd., Cr.

Calyx 4-toothcd or 4-lobcd.

7. GUAREA, L.

Petals oblong, imbricative. Staminal lube quite entire :

AURANTIACE2E.

131

anthers sessile internally, near its month. Ovary 4-celled : cells 1-ovulate or 2-ovulate,
with the ovules superimposed. Pericarp woody, at length locnlicidal. — Trees or shrubs ;
leaves abruptly pinnate: the pairs appearing successively along the petiole ; panicles simply
racemiform, axillary.

9. G. Swartzii, DC. Leaflets elliptical or elliptical-oblong, glabrous : principal veins
8-10 on each side: vein-axils bearded beneath; calyx subentire: teeth minute, distant;
petals glabrous ; ovary glabrous ; “ capsule subglobose, costate.” — SI. t. 170. /.I: leaves.

G. Vahliana, Juss. — A low tree ; leaflets usually 8-2 ; petals white, 2JW iong. — Hab.
Jamaica!, Macf., Al.; [Guadeloupe],

10. G. Perrottetii, A. Juss. Leaflets oblong or elliptical-oblong, glabrous: principal

veins 12-15 on each side: vein-axils glabrous; calyx subentire or 4-lobed ; petals and
ovary tomentose ; capsule pyriform-globose, subcostate, velutinous. — G. trichilioides, PI.
Carib. ( non Jacq.). — Leaflets 12—4 ; petals long ; capsule 8111 long, &11 broad. —

Hab. Dominica!, Imr.; S. Vincent !, Guild.; [Guadeloupe!].

8. CARAPA, AM.

Sepals 4-5, distinct Petals ovate-oblong, “ twisted,” spreading. Staminal tube 8-10-
crenate : anthers sessile internally, alternating with the crenatures. Ovary 4-5-celled : cells
4-ovulate, with the ovules biseriate. Pericarp large, fleshy, at length 4-5 -valved. — Trees ;
leaves pinnate ; panicles racemiform.

11. C. guianensis, Aubl. Leaflets (4-)8-10 -jugal, elliptical-lanceolate, glabrous,
leathery : terminal usually abortive. — Desc. FI. 6. i. 446. — C. procera, DC. ? — A high tree ;
pericarp globose, 3W diam. ; seeds oOy. — Hab. Ti'inidad!, Pd.; [Guiana, Senegambia],

Tribe III. CEDRELEJE. — Seeds flat, winged. Ovary-cells m.ulti -ovulate .

9. SWIETENIA, L.

Calyx 5-fid. Petals twisted. Staminal tube entire, 10-toothed: anthers attached in-
ternally between the teeth. Ovary 5-celled; cells about 12-ovulate. Pericarp woody,
dehiscent from the base : seeds albuminous, with a terminal, oblong wing. — Trees ; leaves
abruptly pinnate, glabrous ; panicles axillary, peduncled, bearing corymbiform cymes.

12. S. Mahagoni, L. Leaflets 6-10, inequilateral, ovate or ovate-lanceolate, pointed ;
capsule ovoid.— Bot. Misc. 1. t. 16, 17; Tuss. FI. 4. t. 23; Desc. Ft. t. 99, 416.— S.
Senegalensis, Desc. ( non Desr.). — A high tree; leaflets usually 2" long; capsule 3 "-4''
long.— Hab. Jamaica !, Macf., At., common in the plains and lower hills, up to 3000' • Ba-
hamas, Trinidad; [Cuba!, Mexico!, Honduras].

10. CEDRELA, L.

Calyx 5-lobed. Petals imbricative, oblong : midrib on the inside furnished with a plait,
winch adheres to the gynophore. Staminal tube wholly combined with the gynophore :
tortile filaments 5, long, inserted on its top. Ovary 5-celled : cells S-12-ovulate. Capsule
dehiscent from the top : seeds with a terminal wing : albumen thin. — Eetid trees ; leaves
pinnate ; panicle large , terminal .

13. C. odorata, I Leaves impari-pinnate : leaflets 8-5-jugal, oblong, oblique at the
Dase, petiolulate ; petals pubescent ; capsule ovoid, subcostate.—®, t. 220./. 2 ; Br. Jam.

‘ '>pesc' 6. ^411. — A high tree; leaflets variable in being broader or nar-
ower, shortly or long petiolulate; panicle drooping, often above 1' long: flowers pale-
JO OW; llAB. Jamaica!, AL, Wils., common in the plains and lower hills ; Antigua!,
Dichols. ; [Cuba !, Mexico !, Yucatan !]. b

XLV. AURANTIACEiE.

JZ!S , Stmuru inserted upon an hypogynous disc. Pistil syn-

leaves rcmJn /L S,imi) c- PfP-CarP ])accutc- Embryo exalbuminous, straight.— Woody plants ;
leaves compound or umfoliolate, cxslipnlate, with pellucid dots.

K 2

132

0XALIDE2E.

All organs abound in oil-glands, and several volatile oils occur in Citrus. The berry is
often eatable, and in some varieties of Citrus contains citric acid, or a bitter principle.

1. CITRUS, L.

Calyx 5 (-3) -fid. Petals 5 (-8). Stamens polyadelphous. Ovary many-celled : ovules
biseriate. — Leaves unifoliolate, articulated with the petiole.

1*. C. medica, L. Leaves glabrous : petiole naked or marginate ; berry umbonate,
acid , usually bright-yellow.

a. Berry ovoid-oblong, tubercled, slightly acid. — Peso. FI. 5. t. 339.

£. Limonum , Riss. Berry ovoid, rugulose, acid. — Pass. FI. 3. 1. 19 ; Peso. FI. 5.
t. 337.

y. Peretta, Riss. Berry obovoid, with the style usually persistent, slightly acid. — Pass.
FI. 3. t. 16.

Hab. Naturalized in Jamaica, and in the Caribbean Islands ! ; [East Indies].

2. C. Aurantium, I. Leaves glabrous: petiole winged ; berry globose, exumbonate.
a*. Berry large, orange-coloured, sweet: oil-glands convex. — Tuss. FI. 3. t. 14 : Pesc.
Ft. 5. t. 338. — C. Paradisi, Mac f.: a form with larger berries.

/3*. Bi'garadia, Dull. Berry large, orange-coloured, rugulose, bitter and acid : oil-glands
concave. — Tuss. FI. 3. t. 15; Pesc. FI. 1 . t. 38; 5. t. 357.

y. spinosissima, Mey. ! Berry small (about V1 diain.), smooth, bright-yellow, very acid:
oil-glands concave. — Pesc. FI. 1. 1. 7. — C. Lima, Mcccf. — A spiny shrub; leaves crenate.

Hab. a and /3, naturalized in Jamaica, and in the Caribbean Islands ; y, said to be
indigenous and more common : Jamaica !, Pist. ; [Cuba!, Guadeloupe!, Mexico!, Venezuela!,
Guiana !] .

3*. C. decumana, L. Leaves puberulous beneath, slightly dotted : petiole winged ;
berry large, obovoid-globose, depressed at the top, bright-yellow, or green : oil-glands flat
or convex. — Tuss. FI. 3. t. 17, 18 ; Pesc. FI. 3. t. 220 — Young shoots puberulous; berry
about 5" diain. — Hab. Naturalized in Jamaica and in the Caribbean Islands ! ; [East

Indies !]. _ .

Several other East Indian Aurantiaceoi have been introduced into the British West
Indies, and are common in gardens, viz. Triphasia trifoliata, DC. ; Glycosmis citrifolia,
Lindl. (G. heterophylla, Rich. Cub.); Murray a exotica , L. ; Cookia punctata , Retz; and
Citrus chinensis, Riss. (Pesc. FI. 3. t. 219).

XL VI. GEBANIACEiE.

Sepals 5, mostly distinct. Stamens usually monadelphous, and biseriate. Pistil syn-
carpous : styles adnate to the prolonged axis, at length together with the 5 monospermous
carpids distinct. Embryo exalbuminous, curved. — Herbs or shrubs ; leaves simple, usually
palmatifid, stipulate ; nodes tumid.

1*. GERANIUM, L.

Stamens 10, monadelphous. Styles at length revolute.— Herbs.

y* Q pyrenaicum, L. Perennial ; leaves palmatipartite-roundish ; petals purple,
bearded at the base, exceeding the mucronate sepals; carpids smooth, pubescent: seeds
smooth. — Hab. Naturalized in the Blue Mountains of Jamaica!, Al., at Abbey-green,
[introduced from Europe],

XLVII. OXALIDE/E.

Petals 5 twisted. Stamens 10, usually shortly monadelphous. Pistil syncarpoiis :
styles 5, distinct. Embryo straight: cotyledons foliaceous; albumen thin.— Leaves com-
pound.

Acid oxalates are general in the herbage.

0XALIDE2E.

133

1. OXALIS, L.

Sepals 5, distinct, or united at the base. Capsule 5-lobed, loculicidal. Seeds covered
with n fleshy testa, which separates from the inner integument. — Leaves usually trifoliolate.

* Leaves rosulate ; cyme umbelliform.

1. O. Martiana, Zucc. Tubers aggregate ; leaves basilar, stipulate : leaflets 3, sessile,
broadly obcordate, with a narrow sinus, hairy, glandular beneath ; cymes umbelliform, cer-
nnous ; sepals biglandular at the top, blunt, distinct ; petals violet ; stamens hairy, the
longer exceeding the hairy styles. — Bot. Mag. t. 3938. — 0. bipnnetata. Grab., Macf. —
Petioles often 1' long ; petals 8'"-10", long. — Hab. Jamaica !, Al., in the mountains, S.
Anns; S. Vincent !, Guild. ; [Mexico !, Brazil !, Buenos Ayres !].

** Stem leafy , herbaceous ; leaflets 3, sessile, obcordate.

2. O. corniculata, L. Annual; stem creeping at the base, diffuse; stipules petiolar ;
leaflets sessile, obcordate ; cymes few-1 -flowered : pedicels at length recurved ; petals yellow ;
longer stamens nearly as long as the styles ; capsule pubescent, many-seeded. — Jacq. Oxal.
t. 4. — 0. stricta, Sw. Observ. ( non L.). — West Indian forms:

0. micropliylla, Poir. Stem low, emitting rooting runners ; leaflets small, ciliate : sinus
spreading; peduncles 1-2-flowered. — 0. corniculata, £, repens, Zucc. — The most common
form : identical specimens occur in New Zealand ! and Ascension !

y. pubesc.ens. Stem long, ascending ; leaflets pubescent : sinus narrow ; peduncles
2-flowered, pubescent.— 0. jaraaicensis, Macf. /— The same form occurs in southern Spain ! :
another variety ( 0 . vi/losa, MB.), more common in southern Europe, is much smaller, and
combines 0 and y, having the leaves of the former, the pubescence of the latter, and the
growth of a.

Hab. Jamaica !, Al. (0) ; S. Kitts !, Dominica !, Imr. (7) ; Trinidad !, Cr. (y) ; [Mexico !
to Chili !, Sandwich Islands ! to New Zealand !, China ! to Mauritius !, Levant ! and Medi-
terranean region ! to the Cape ! ; introduced in Middle Europe as far north as 56° L.B.].

*** Stem leafy ; leaflets 3 : terminal distant.

8. O. Barrelieri , Jacq. Annual, herbaceous, or suffrutescent , pubescent ; leaves sti-
pulate . leaflets ovate or ovate-oblong, blunt or pointed ; peduncles bifid : cymes corymbi-
form; sepals distinct; petals pale-purple, and yellow-variegated at the base ; longer stamens
as long as the styles ; capsule ovate-oblong : seeds 2—3 in each cell, transversely rugose. —
Jacq. Oxal. t. 3. Stem about 1' high ; leaflets variable, pubescent or glabrous, glaucous
beneath, 8 -1 2"' long. Hab. Trinidad !, Lockli., Cr. ; [Guadeloupe !, Panama !, Venezuela !,
Brazil 1, Galapagos !].

Pi’ sepium> St. HU- Annual, herbaceous, or suffrutescent, glabrous ; leaves stipu-
late, glabrate : leaflets oval or oval-roundish, rounded or emarginate at the top, membra-
naceous, glaucous beneath; peduncles bifid: cymes corymbiform; sepals distinct; petals
ye/low; longer stamens exceeding the styles; capsule ovate-oblong: seeds 2-3 in each cell
transversely rugose. Lesc. FI. 1. t. 32. — O. hedysaroides, Zucc. ( non Kth), ex st/non. o’
1 lumieri, Sieb. /—Stem more slender than in the preceding, which is nearly allied.— Hab.
Brazil*!1] ^ ’ S’ Vmcent ,J Guild- > [Guadeloupe!, Martinique!, Panama!, Ecuador 1,

5. O. frutescens, L. Shrubby ■ leaves stipulate, pubescent : leaflets oval, rounded or
emarginate at the top ; cymes umbelliform, few-flowered, not exceeding the leaves ; sepals
distinct ; petals yellow ; longer stamens exceeding the styles ; capsule oval-oblong : seeds
2-3 in each cell, tnberclcd. — Bot. Reg. t. 810.— O. Plumieri, Jacq. — A low, tortuous shrub ■
the herbaceous extremities lcafy.-HAB. Dominica!, Imr. ; S. Vincent! ; [Martinique],
Averrhoa Bihmfo , L. (Desc. FI. 5. t. 333), and A. Carambola, L. (ib. t. 335), have been
1 ro ucc rom Indies, and are cultivated in Jamaica and in the Caribbean Islands.

13-1

RUTACE7E.

LXVIII. ZYGOPHYLLEiB.

Sepals distinct. Petals mostly imbricative. Stamens 2(-l)-seriate, distinct. Pistil
syncarpous : styles combined. Embryo straight, with the cotyledons plane : albumen
corneous or none. — Leaves stipulate, usually compound and' opposite, devoid of pellucid
dots.

The celebrated alterative gum-rosin, Guajacum, is obtained from the wood of both the
West Indian species of the genus so called ; this wood, named Lignum Vila, is very hard
and heavy, its specific gravity being 1'3.

1. TRIBULUS, L.

Sepals 5 (-6). Stamens 10 (-5). Pericarp 5-10(-12)-coccous : carpids indehisccnt,
tubercled or spinose. Embryo exalbuminous. — Herbs ; leaves abruptly pinnate, opposite.

Sect. 1. Eutiubulus. — Calyx deciduous. Carpids 5, divided internally by transverse
dissepiments into \-seeded compartments.

1. T. cistoides, L. Perennial; leaflets 8(-3)-jugal, silky beneath, shortly oblong;
peduncles as long as the leaf, 1 -flowered; sepals lanceolate, acuminate, half as lony as the
petals ; stamens 10; carpids 5-3-seeded, leaving by their separation no central axis,
tubercled, and 2-1-spinose: spines divergent.— As. Gr. Gen. 2. t. 145 ; Peso. Ft. 4. t. 250.

Petals yellow, 8"'-10'" long, imbricative. — IIab. Jamaica \,Dist., common in the southern

salt-pastures ; [Tropical seashores of all continents, Florida, Texas, Cuba 1, and [Mexico to
Venezuela !, Cape Verde Islands 1, Mozambique !, East Indies !, Sandwich Islands 1, Gala-
pagos !].

Sect. 2. Kali.stbceiiia. — Calyx persistent. Carpids 10 (-12), separating from the

central axis, \-seeded.

2. T. maximus, L. Annual, suffrutescent, prostrate; leaflets 3-4 (-2) -jugal, hairy
beneath, obliquely oblong or oval : stipules lanceolate-linear ; peduncles nearly as long as
the leaf; sepals subulate, a little exceeded by the petals; stamens 10; carpids keeled,
tubercled, unarmed. — SI. t. 132. /. 1 ; Br. Jam. t. 21. f. 3; As. Gr. Gen. 2. t. 146.

T. decolor, Macf. 1 Kallstrcemia, Torr. et Gr— Petals pale-tawny, 2'"-3' long; tvvisted.—
Hab. Jamaica !, Eist., At., common in pastures ; S. Vincent 1, Guild. ; [Texas 1, California !,
Mexico!, Panama !].

2. GUAJACUM, L.

SepalsZ. Stamens 10: anthers recurved. Ovary stipitate : cells 8-10-ovulate. Peri-
carp somewhat fleshy, 5-2-celled, tardily septicidal: cells 1-seeded by abortion, compressed
and keeled. Embryo included within a rimose albumen.— Trees or shrubs ; leaves abruptly
pinnate, opposite, coriaceous, glabrous ; peduncles 1-3, terminal, \-Jlowered ; petals blue.

3 Gt officinale, L. Leaflets 2-jugal, obovate or oval, blunt ; sepals oval, pubescent,
3 times exceeded by the petals ; fruit obovatc-roundish, retuse.— SI. t. 222. f 3-6 ; Tuss.FL
a t 35. J)esc. FI. 7. t. 463. — A middle-sized or low tree ; leaflets 12 -G long, evei green,
petals spathulate, 6"' long— Hab. Jamaica!, Macf, Pd., At., March, in the and southern
plains, to Trinidad !, Lockli. ; [Cuba to Venezuela !] .

4 G sanctum, L. Leaflets S-fjugal, obliquely lanceolate-elliptical, or obovate,
pointed or blunt; sepals oval, glabrous, half as long as the petals ; fruit obovatc-roundish,
mucronate. — Comm el. Hi. t. 88; As. Gr Gen. 2 t. 148-G. yert.cale,

Lcaflets 12'"-8'" long; petals obovate, 6"' long.— IIab. Bahamas!, Swains. ; [Key-West,

Cuba, Haiti!, Portorico],

XLIX. EUTACEzE.

(Diosmere, Zanthoxyletc, Simarubeic.)

c ,, o_i fioriate Pistil syncarpous, with the ovaries usually distinct above :

ovuks2 (1-sevcralf in each cell. Pericarp capsular and mostly divided into distinct, follicular

RTJTACEiE.

135

cocci, with the endocarp usually separated and 2-valved, or fleshy. — Leaves (in the West
Indian genera compound, or unifoliolate^) usually exslipu/ate.

Essential oils are general in the first and second tribe, and in some cases the aromatic
principle is combined with a bitter substance (Esenbeckia). In the tribe of Sirnarubece, a
bitter principle is the universal character, and the bark of several species (Quassia, Si-
maruba ) is known as the drug Quassia, containing Quassiin. Some Rulacece produce a
valuable timber : Esenbeckia affords excellent walking-sticks (Gasparilla Colorado).

Tkibe I. PILOCARPEyE. — Stamens liypogynous, or inserted into an hypogynous disc.

Endocarp bivalved. Albumen none. — Leaves usually dotted with pellucid points.

1. PILOCARPUS, V.

Calyx 5-lobed. Petals valvate above. Stamens 5, inserted below a large disc. Ovary
5-lobed, enclosed within the disc : styles short, distinct at the immersed base, combined
above. i Colliculi distinct, monosperm. Testa membranaceous. — Shrubs; leaves dotted,
1(— 3)- foliolate ; flowers in terminal racemes.

1. P. racemosus, V. Glabrous ; leaves elliptical, rounded at the top ; raceme lax.
— Plum,. Ed. Bunn. t. 127 ; Vahl, Eclog. t. 10 : anal. — A shrub, specimens of which I
have only seen in the British Museum: habit of Lunania. — Hab. Montserrat!, in the
mountains, V.

2. ESENBECKIA, Kth.

Sepals 5, distinct. Petals imbricative. Stamens 5, inserted below or upon a cupuliform
or dilated disc. Ovary slightly 5-lobed : style simple, with a capitate stigma. Capsule
muricate, loculicidal, and at length septicidal : pericarp separated from the cartilaginous,
bipartite, 1-seeded endocarp. Testa ehartaceous. — Trees or shrubs ; leaves dotted, usually
alternate, digitate or unifoliolate : leaflets quite entire ; flowers in terminal or axillary
racemes: special peduncles bearing 3-1 -flo veered cymules ; petals dotted.

Sect. 1. Euesenbeckia. — Stamens inserted below the cupuliform, hypogynous disc.

2. E. pentaphylla, Gr. Leaves digitate: leaflets 5-3, elliptical-oblong, blunt, pe-
tiolnlate ; racemes compound, pubescent : cymules 3-2-flowered ; “ capsule turbinate, mu-
ricate.”— Galipea, Macf. ! — A middle-sized tree ; leaflets 5"-3" long, the terminal ones often
larger : veins rather prominent ; racemes as long as the leaves ; sepals roundish, ciliate ;
petals yello wash, obovate, spreading, 1 4'" long; ovary encircled by the disc, papillose. —
Hab. Jamaica !, Macf., Pd., Al., March, in the distr. of Port-Royal.

3. E. attenuata, Gr. (n. sp.). Leaves unifoliolate, oblong-lanceolate, blunt, gradually
tapering towards the base ; racemes simple, puberulous : special peduncles bibracteolate, 1 (-3)-
flowered ; capside globose, echinate : endocarp with a notch. — A tree ; leaves 6"-4" long,
lj'-l" broad ; racemes 2-3 times shorter than the leaves, with appressed, deciduous hairs:
special peduncles 2'"— 3"' long, bearing the bracteoles at the middle ; sepals roundish, ci-
liate ; petals ovate, with a bluntish point, 2111 long, pubescent externally ; disc obsoletely
lobed, as high as the papillose ovary; capsule 10'" diam. : spine3 subulate, compressed,
IV"— 1'" long: endocarp pale, cartilaginous, constricted below by a semilunar notch, which
is formed by its funicular part remaining membranaceous, and becoming brown and sepa-
rated by rupture (A. Jussieu’s endocarpial membrane) ; seeds 5'" long, ovate : testa brown,
thin, rigid. — IIab. Tx'inidad !, Pd., Cr., in mountain-woods.

Sect. 2. Polembbyuh (Esenbeckia, Mart.). — Stamens inserted upon the inside of the

spreading, hypogynous disc.

4. E. castanocarpa, Gr. Leaves unifoliolate, elliptical-oblong, with a bluntish point,
shortly tapering at the base ; racemes filiform, glabresceut, cernuous, simple or divided at
the base: cymules 3-1 -flowered, inferior distant ; capsule globose, tubercled: endocarp with-
out a notch. — Juss. in Mem. Mus. 12. t. 28. f. 49 : fruit. — Poleinbryum, A. Juss. Es. pi-
locarpoides, Schtt. sec. lib. Hook, (non Kth. : Kunth’s figure, though agreeing iu habit,

1SG

IlUTACEfE.

presents the structure of Sect. 1). — A low tree ; leaves G"-3" long, 2\"-V broad,
usually with black dots beneath ; racemes about half the length of the leaves, with
appressed, very short down : inferior cymules longcr-peduncled ; sepals ovate-roundish,
scarcely eiliolate ; petals glabrous, ovate-roundish, IV" long ; disc forming abroad, Hat ring
round the ovary, exceeded by the short style ; filaments short, inserted near the margin of
the disc, between its slight ' lobes ; capsule 8"' diam. : tubercles bluntly conical, the larger
ones scarcely 1'" long : cndocarp pale, cartilaginous,’ bipartite, with the divisions oblong,
without a notch at the base ; seeds 5"' long, ovate, pointed : testa brown, chartaceous, with
a round, shining, black spot at the hilum ; embryo straight : cotyledons fleshy, plano-convex,
with a short radicle.— Hab. Trinidad !, Sieb. [Hi. Trin. 34), Pd., Or., in the mountains : a
form with the leaves more coriaceous, but apparently not otherwise distinct, was sent by
Pd. from the island of Gasparis (near the entrance of the Paria Bay).

3. PELTOSTIGMA, Walp.

(Pachystigma, EooJc., non Hochst.)

Sepals 4(-3), two smaller, exterior. Petals 4, imbricative. Stamens indefinite, inserted
upon a low carpophorous disc. Ovary entire, 8-celled, 8-sulcate : stigma large, depressed,
S-lobed, subsessile. Capsule 8-coccous : cells 2(— l)-seeded, dehiscent on the inner side,
and separated from the bivalved endosperm. Seed suspended from a fleshy, clavated funi-
culus: testa coriaceous. — A low tree; leaves ternate, alternate, dotted ; flowers large, in
loose, few-flowered, fastigiate cymes.

5. P. pteleoides, Walp. Hook. Ic. t. 698. — Pachystigma, Hook. A small, fragrant,
glabrous tree ; leaflets elliptical, pointed at both ends, 4"-2" long, quite entire, or with a
few serratures above: the terminal often larger, and narrowly tapering at the base;
cymes 3— 2-chotomous, axillary or lateral, nearly as long as the leaf, sometimes reduced to
a single flower ; sepals deciduous, roundish, interior 1 (-2) coloured, twice as long as the
exterior, and equalling the corolla; petals obovate, 6'" long, white, pubervdous externally ,
stamens about 30 ; ovary velutinons ; capsule globose, 10" -12'" diam., divided to the base,
glabrous : eudocarp pale, cartilaginous, without a notch : testa brown : embryo unknown.
—Hab. Jamaica !, Pd., in the Santa Cruz mountains, S. Elizabeth.

Tuibe II. ZANTHOXYLEJE.— Stamens liypogynous : ovary abortive in the male flower.

Seeds albuminous: testa crusta ceous— Blowers dicecious; leaves usually dotted with pel-
lucid points.

4. TOBINTA, Desv.

(Fagara, Sw., non Jacq. ; Zanthoxyli sect. Tobinia, PI. Carib.)

Calyx 3-lobed, or 3-partite. Petals 3. Stamens as many. Ovary 3(-l)-celled, with
the carpels distinct above, cohering at the base: stigma common capitate, subsessde. 1'ot-
liculi 3-1, distinct to the base, sessile: cndocarps separated, bivalved.— vf oodv plants,
often armed with long, spreading prickles; leaves without pellucid dots, coriaceous shining,
impari-pinnate, with the terminal leaflet sometimes abortive : petiole not winged ; cymes
many-flowered ; calyx minute, much exceeded by the small, oval, whitish, imbricative petals ;

anthers purple, cordate, exserted. . .

This West Indian geuus, hitherto reduced to Zantlioxylum, approaches Diosmea by the
cndocarp early loosened, and completely bivalved : its habit is peculiar, and the glabrous
leaves are devoid of the pellucid dots which are so general among Zanthoxylea. 1 lie spec
are nearly allied, and neither the existence of prickles, which occur on the axis, the leaflets
the petioles, aud chiefly on the younger parts, nor the number of leaflets or carpids, aifoid
specific characters.

* Cymes axillary, contracted ; leaflets with black dots.

6. T. ternata, Desv. “ Leaflets 3, obovate, quite entire, dotted with ^ black poinh
beneath petiolulate ; cymes contracted, axillary ; calyx 3 -partite; carpids globose,

— Zantlioxylum, Sw. — A low shrub, usually unarmed,— Ham. Dominica (Sw.) ; [Cuba], on

the seashore.

RUTACE7E.

137

T. punctata, Gr., of S. Croix ami Guadeloupe !, is nearly allied, but ha9 the leaflets cre-
nulate, lanceolate-oblong, 6-1 -jugal.

7. T. punctata, Gr. Leaflets 7-1 -jugal, lanceolate-oblong, or elliptical, dotted with
black points beneath, crenulate with minute crenatures : lateral petiolulcs short ; cymes
contracted, axillary; calyx 3-partite; carpids subglobose, 3—1. — Zanthoxylum, West. — A
shrub, often with solitary prickles on the back of the midrib, and on the petioles ; carpids
minute, \m diam. — Hab. Antigua!, Wullsclil. ; [S. Croix, Guadeloupe!].

** Cymes terminal ; leaves without black dots.

8. T. spinosa, Desv. Very prickly ; leaflets small, 10-6-jugal, lanceolate-oblong or
oval, dotless, crenulate with minute crenatures, subsessile ; “cymes terminal: calyx 3-
lobed carpids . . . . — Zanthoxylum, Sw. — A shrub or tree ; leaves prickly, when the plant
is young, on the back of the midribs, and especially on the petiole : leaflets 12m-4m long.
— Hab. Jamaica (Sw) ; Dominica!, Imr., on arid hills.

9. T. acuminata, Desv. Leaflets 5-3-jugal, ovate-oblong, dotless, pointed, crenulate

with minute crenatures : petiolules very short ; cymes compact in a terminal, corymbiform,
interrupted panicle ; calyx 3-lobed ; “ carpids globose, solitary by abortion.” — Zanthoxylum,
Sw. {non Macf). Z. aculeatum, Macf. — A shrub; leaflets 2" long, 1" broad: terminal
sometimes abortive : petiolules long. — Hab. Jamaica !, Pd., in mountain- woods, S. Anns,

Port-Royal.

10. T. emarginata, Desv. Leaflets 4-2-juga), oval or oblong, dotless, shiniDg above,
blunt or emarginate, quite entire : petiolules short; cymes ♦terminal (and axillary), corym-
biform, compound; calyx 3-lobed; carpids obliquely globose, 3(-l). — SI. t. 168. f. 4; Dr.
Jam. t. 20. f. 2 ; Rich. Cub. t. 34. — Zanthoxylum, Sw. Z. sapindoides, DC. Z. coria-
ceum, Rich. Sapindus spinosus, I. — A shrub or tree ; leaflets variable, 3' -2" long,

broad : terminal usually abortive : veins densely reticulated, rather prominent above : petio-
lules 2'" long ; cymes lax or compact ; carpids 2"'-3'" diam. — Hab. Jamaica !, Wils., March,
on dry hills; [Cuba!].

11. T. coriacea, Desv. Leaflets 2-3 (-4) -jugal, elliptical or elliptical-oblong, dotless,
pointleted with a bluntish point, quite entire, or obsoletely crenulate : petiolules long ; cymes
terminal (and axillary), compound, corymbiform : pedicels as long as the flower ; calyx
3-lobcd; carpids obliquely globose, mucronate, solitary by abortion. — Zanthoxylum acumi-
natum, Macf. ! ( non Sw). — A shrubby tree ; leaflets 3" long, 2"-l" broad, terminal abortive :
petiolules 6,,,-2,/, long, dilated towards the lamina; carpids 2/,, diam., aromatic. — Hab.
Jamaica !, Macf., March, by roadsides.

5. FAGARA, Jacq.

(Zanthoxyli sect. Fagara, PI. Carib)

Calyx 4(-5)-lobed. Petals 4 (-5). Stamens as many. Carpels 2(-3), distinct. Folli-
culi 2 (3-1) : eudocarp at length separated, bivalved. — Prickly shrubs: prickles stipular ;
leaves impari-pinnate : leaflets sessile, terminal rarely abortive : petiole winged ; cymes
usually contracted, axillary ; petals and exserted anthers yellowish.

12. F. microphylla, Desf. Stipular prickles straight; leaflets 3—1 -jugal, oval or
spathulate, emarginate or blunt, quite entire, glabrous, leathery, bitubercled at the base
beneath, devoid of pellucid dots : petiole unarmed, with the joints lanceolate ; flowers in
a short glomerule; carpids 2-1, globose, mucroDate, subsessile.— Br. Jam. t. 5./. 1 ; Jacq.

I'ragm. t. 6 ./. 2. F. ptcrota, L., partim (exclus. syn. SI). Zanthoxylum spinifex, Jacq. —
A low tortuous, leafy shrub; prickles 1"' long; leaflets 6"'-3"' long; carpids W" diam.—

ab. Jamaica (P. Dr), S. Kitts, Antigua 1, Nichols. ; Dominica !, Imr. ; Barbadoes !, on
the and seashore ; [Venezuela].

M5 * * * * * * * 13- ^ tragodes, Jacq. “ Stipular prickles recurved; leaflets 6-4 -jugal, spathulate,

> un , quite entire, glabrous, leathery : petiole with solitary prickles at the base of the leaflet-
pairs : joints spathulate ; flowers glomerate.”— Jacq. Amer. Piet. t. 19.— “A shrub, 5' high;
stipular prickles 2'" long ; leaflets of the preceding.”— IIab. Nevis ( Hamilt. ) ; [Haiti],

! ! ■ F. lentiscifolia, W Stipular prickles recurved; leaflets 6-4-jugal, oval or ob-

138

RUTACE7E.

ovate, emarginate or bluut, crenate, glabrous, bituberclcd at the base beneath, doited with
pellucid points chiefly below the crenatures : petiole unarmed, with the joints lanceolate ;
flowers in an oblong glomerule ; carpids 2-1, globose, mucronatc, as long as the carpo-
phore.— SI. t. 162./. 1 ; Lam. III. t. 84 ; Peso. FI. 7. t. 456. — E. pterota, L. {quoad syn.
SI.). Zanthoxylnm pterota, Kth., Macf., As. Or. — A high shrub ; leaflets 12-5'" long.
— Hab. Jamaica!, Wright, in thickets; Bahamas!, Swains.; S. Kitts, Nevis ; Trinidad!,
Pel., Or.; [Florida !, Texas ! ; Cuba],

6. ZANTHOXYLUM, L.

(Zanthoxyli sect. Euxanthoxylum, PL Carib. ; sect. Ochroxylum et Langsdorflia, Jussi)

Petals 5. Stamens as many. Ovaries 5-1, distinct or cohering in the axis: stigmas
connivent or cohering. Folliculi 5-1 : endocarp adhering to the valves, or separated on
the margin. — Trees ; leaves impari-pinnate, rarely unifoliolate, dotted with pellucid points ;
flowers in a dense panicle.

Sect. 1. Kahphannia. — Stigma peltate by cohesion, subsessile. — Leaves impari-pinnate.

15. Z. clava-Her culls, L. (ex syn. P. Br). Leaflets 10-5-jugal, lanceolate-oblong,
quite entire or minutely serrate, subsessile, glabrous above, puberulous along the nerves or
glabrate beneath : pellucid dots scattered : petiole puberulous, prickly ; panicles terminal
and axillary, pubescent ; ovaries 5, cohering in the axis; folliculi 5-2, erect, sessile. — SI.
t. 172; Lam. III. t. 811 ; Pe$c. FI. 2. t. 98. — Z. caribauun, Lam. Z. lanceolatum, Poir.
— A tree, 20'-50' high ; leaflets pointed, variable, the inferior sometimes elliptical : prickles
short, straight; panicle 2"-4" diam. ; folliculi 3"' long, inserted into a conical, central axis:
endocarp loosened on the margin. — Hab. Jamaica !, all coll., common ; S. Lucia!, Anders.;
[Cuba !, Guadeloupe !].

16. Z. microcarpum, Gr.(n.sp.). Leaflets 9-6-jugal, lanceolate, crenate-serrale, subses-
sile, glabrous above, puberulous chiefly on the midrib beneath : pellucid dots numerous : petiole
puberulous, unarmed ; panicles terminal, pubescent ; folliculi solitary by abortion, globose,
sessile. — Habit of the preceding, to which it is nearly allied ; leaflets 2" long, 8"' broad,
pointed ; panicle spreading, 4"-6" diam., without warts ; folliculi tardily dehiscent, H'"
diam., inserted into the minute torus, usually together with a second abortive one. — Hab.
Dominica!, Imr.

17. Z. aromaticum, W. Leaflets 6-2-jugal, elliptical or oblong, crenate, with the
crenatures broadly truncate, petiolulate, glabrous : pellucid dots numerous : petiole glabrous ;
panicles terminal and axillary, glabrous, verrucose ; ovaries 5, cohering in the axis -folliculi
2 (-5), cernuous, at length shorter than the distinct, carpophores. — Jacq. Eclog. t. 70. —
Z. elephantiasis, Macf. — A tree, about 20' high : prickles short, subulate, or none ; leaflets
glandular beneath : one series of glands between the crenatures ; panicle spreading, 3"-5
diam. ; carpophores divergent, thickened at the top, 8"'— 4'" long ; endocarp adhering to
the valves.— Hab. Jamaica!, Al., March, in mountain-woods ; [Haiti, Guadeloupe 4].

Z. Sumach, Gr., PI. Carib. (non Macf.), is an allied Guadeloupe species, distinguished by
shorter carpophores, and the leaflets subentire.

Sect. 2. Ociiiioxylum. — Style in the male flower distinct: $ unknown. — Leaves unifoliolate.

18. Z. ? ochroxylum, PC. Leaves elliptical, quite entire, glabrous : pellucid dots
numerous : petiole articulated below the top ; panicles terminal, spreading, nearly as long
as the leaves, slightly puberulous ; rudimentary ovaries in $ 3, cohering, stalked by a gy-
nophore, shorter than the single style. — Ochroxylum punctatum, Schreb. Branches leafy ;
leaves 3"-l|" long, bluntish, veiny: petiole io"'-4", long; calyx 5-fid, minute; petals
scarcely V" long, equalling the 5 filaments and the style. — IIab. Domiuica !, Imr.; [S. JcauJ.

7. BRDNELLIA, E. P.

Calyx 5-4 (-7) -partite, valvate. Petals 0. Stamens 10-8 (-14), inserted iuto a disc.
Ovaries 5-4 (-3), distinct : styles as many, distinct. Folliculi with the endocarp at length sc-

ItUTACESl.

133

parated, bivalved. — Trees ; leaves opposite or lohorlecl, impari-pinnate or unifoliolate , devoid
of pellucid dots; flowers in corymbiform, axillary, and terminal panicles ; calyx coloured.

19. B. comocladifolia, Kth. Branchlets and petioles rusty-tomentose : leaves pin-
nate : leaflets 5-11 -jugal, lanceolate-oblong, serrulate, penninerved, glabrous above, tomen-
tosc along the midrib beneath : serratures mucronulate ; corymbs subsessile, much exceeded
by the leaves ; calyx yellow, exceeded by the stamens. — IPumb. PI. Equin. t. 59. — Zantho-
xyluru Sumach, Macf.! ( non Gr.). — A tree, about 20' high; leaflets 3" long, 1" broad,
shortly petiolulate ; calyx tomentose, 5-partite, 1"' long ; stamens 10. — Hab. Jamaica !,
Macf., common in the higher mountains ; [Mexico !, Venezuela !, New Granada !, Peru].

Tribe III. SIMA R JJBEJE. — Stamens usually proceeding from an hypogynous scale.
Pericarp fleshy , rarely capsular. Testa membranaceous. — Leaves without pellucid dots.

8. QUASSIA, L.

Calyx 5-partite. Petals contorted, erect. Stamens 10, exserted, proceeding from a basi-
lar scale. Ovaries 5, distinct, uniovulate : style common, simple. Carpels drupaceous.
Embryo exalbuminous : cotyledons semiovoid. — A low glabrous tree ; leaves impari-pinnate :
petiole winged ; flowers large, crimson, in terminal racemes.

20. Q. amara, Lfl. — Be sc. FI. 1. t. 5. — Leaflets 5, elliptical-oblong, pointed, quite

entire, tapering towards the base, subsessile at the petiolar strictures ; calyx 1"', petals 16'"
long : drupes biangular-ovoid, long, black, with a pale spot at the base : endocarp

crustaceous. — Hab. Trinidad ! : Cr., introduced into Jamaica !, St. Vincent ! ; [Panama !
Venezuela !, Guiana ! to Maranhao !].

9. SIMABA, Audi.

Calyx 4-5 -partite. Stamens 8-10, included, proceeding from a long, emarginate scale.
Ovaries 4-5, distinct, uniovulate, inserted upon a gynophore : style common. Carpids sub-
di upaceous. Embryo exalbuminous, straight. — Leaves pinnate, or ternate , coriaceous : leaf-
lets quite entire .

21. S. orinocensis, Kth. Leaflets 7-3, distant, spathulate, emarginate or blunt, glau-
cous beneath, glabrous ; flowers racemose : racemes peduncled, powdery, usually in a
terminal panicle. — Kth. N. Gen. 6. t. 614. — S. guianensis. Planch, partim. — A tree; leaf-
lcts 3 -4 long, subsessile, usually opposite; flowers small, about 2'" long : calyx and
coiolla deciduous; filaments as long as the oblong hairy scale ; ovaries as long as the gyno-
phore : style short, simple. IIab. St. Vincent!, Guild.; [Guiana!, equatorial Brazil!].

10. SIMARUBA, Aubl.

Flowers dioecious. _ Calyx 5-fid. Stamens 10, included, proceeding from a roundish
scale. Ovaries 5, uniovulate: style 5-fid. Carpids drupaceous. Embryo exalbuminous :
cotyledons semiovoid.— Trees ; leaves abruptly pinnate : leaflets multijugal, alternate,
petiolulate, deciduous, quite entire, coriaceous ; flowers in few-flowered cumules -. cvmules
distant , in a spreading terminal panicle .

22 S. amara, Aubl. Leaflets oblong or lanceolate-oblong, mucronate with a bluntish
point, green on bath sides; panicle exceeded by the leaves ; petals spreading. — Aubl. t. 332.
— 1>. officinalis, DC.— A. high tree; leaflets quite glabrous, or pubescent beneath.— IIab
Dominica!, Imr., St. Vincent !, Anders.; [Guiana], °

J ela^ca’ 5^' i leaflets spathulatc-oblong, or lanceolate, rounded at the top,

VI)esr p,rbr0lr 5 Paulcle uear,-v as long as the leaves ; petals spreading.—

Vesc. H. 1 t. 14j— S. officinalis, Macf. S. mediciualis, Endl.—A tree, about 20' high;

ovoid 'Tv 7 1 , °Df ; Pctals.3 " 1”8. yellow, oblong, blunt, contorted; drupes biangular-

eommon in frP ’ ^ £ 'ong.-IlAB. Jamaica!, M‘Nab, Macf, At., March,

common in the mountain-woods ; [Cuba!, Florida !].

11. SPATIIELIA, L.

I loners polygamous. Calyx 5-leaved, coloured. Stamens 5, alternating with the petals,

140

BUTACEiE.

proceeding from an emarginate scale (which, however, is sometimes abortive) Ovary
3 -celled : cells hiovulate; style short, tripartite. “Pericarp dry, woody, 3(-2)-angular.
Embryo albuminous, straight.” — Trees without branches, bearing pinnate leaves and large
panicles at the extremity of the stem ; leaflets multijugal, oblique at the base : rhachis
woody i panicle constituted of numerous corymbiform cymes : flowers red.

24. S. simplex, L. Leaflets 20-40-jugal, puberulous and glahrate beneath, oblong-
lanceolate or linear-lanceolate acuminate, or falcate, crenate or quite entire : petiole sub-
cyliudrical ; panicle powdery. — SI. t. 171. — S. glahrescens, Plancli. ! : a form with the
villous stamen-scales abortive, and the filameuts consequently hypogynous, subulate, glabrous.
—Stem slender, resembling a Palm, 20-50' high ; leaves and panicles several feet long ;
leaflets extremely variable, opposite or alternate, sessile or petiolulate, cordate or obliquely
rounded at the base, crenate below the middle or to the top, or repand and quite entire. —
Hab. Jamaica !, List., Pd., Al., March , common in the lower limestone-hills.

12. CASTELA, Turp.

Flowers dioecious. Calyx 4-partite. Stamens 8, proceeding from a disc : anthers extrorse.
Ovaries 4, distinct, uniovulate : style 4-partite. Carpids drupaceous. Embryo straight,
included within a thin albumen: cotyledons leafy— Low spiny shrubs; leaves simple,
small, quite entire, articulated with the branch ; flowers clustered or solitary in the axils,
yellow.

25. C. erecta, Turp. Spines usually extra-axillary ; leaves lanceolate, subsessile,
taperinq at the base, silky -pubescent beneath ; divisions of the style revolute. Ann.Mus.
7. t. 5 B ; Bot. Misc. 1. t. 55 ; As. Gr. Gen. Bor.Amer. t. 158. — C. Nicholsonn, Roolc..
— Leaves 4"'-6"' long. — Hab. Antigua !, Nichols. ; [Texas!].

13. P1CBJ2NA, Lindl.

Flowers polygamous. Calyx 5(— 4)-fid. Stamens 5(— 4), exserted, proceeding fiom a disc.
Ovaries 3, distinct : style 3-partite. Carpids drupaceous : seeds solitary, ascending. Em-
bryo exalbuminous, undivided.— A tree ; leaves im.pari-pinnate ; flowers m corymbiform,
panicled cymes.

26 P. excelsa. Lindl— Act. Holm. 1788, t. 8.— Quassia, Sw. Q. polygama, Linds.
Simaruba excelsa, DC.— A high tree ; leaflets 9-11, opposite, petiolulate, oblong or oblong-
lanceolate, with a blunt point, leathery, glabrous, quite entire, 4 -2 long; panicles axillary,
pubescent, much exceeded by the leaf; calyx minute ; petals 1 " long oblong pale-yellowish-
green ; drupes globose, black, 6"'-3'" diam.— Hab. Jamaica !, Macf, Pd., AL, common m
the lowlands ; Antigua!, Nichols., St. Vincent!, Anders.

14. PICRAMNIA, Sw.

Flowers dioecious. Calyx 3-5-fid. Petals 3-5 (-0), small, pointed Stamens 3-5,
opposite the petals, inserted below a disc. Ovary 2-3-celled : cells hiovulate : stigmas 2 3,
subsessile. Pericarp baccate: seeds solitary, pendulous. Embryo exalbuminous, undivided.

Shrubs or low trees ; leaves impari-pinnate : leaflets usually alternate , petiolulate ; floweis

clustered : clusters in long , slender racemes.

27 P pentandra, Sw. Leaflets 5-9, ovate-oblong, pointleted, glabrous ; racemes

puberulous, pendulous, often divided at the base, nearly as long as the ^'ZlJ'lfbolh
oblon-linear, exceeded by the stamens; berries oblong -ovoid or ovoid, lounded at both
ends.— Rich. Cub. t. 36 A.—?, micrantha. Till. — A shrub, 10 -lo high; leaflets papery,
shining 3"— 2" long: veins reticulated, prominulous on both sides ; petals 1 long, herues
"ng, 3'" broad, reddish, at length dark-blue, or black, shimng.-HAB. Jamaica {Tul.) ;
Antigua’1., Nichols.; Montserrat; [Cuba!, Guadeloupe !].

28 P antidesmoides, Gr. (». sp.). Leaflets 5-7, lanceolate-elliptical, with a bluntish

))0int' glabrous ; ? racemes puberulous, pendidous, at length twice as long as the leaves
\elais\ linear ; berries oboooid, tapering from below the rounded top to the base Lia -
\ i 4,u_2" long 14"— 1" broad: veins rather prominent beneath ; petals of ? 1

shining, long, 3«'V broad.-HAB. Trinidad !, C,

ERICE2E.

141

29. P. Antidesma, Sw. Leaflets 7-9, ovate-lanceolate or lanceolate-elliptical, with a
bluntish point, glabrous or pubcrulous beneath, and glabrate ; racemes puberulous, filiform,
pendulous, twice or more exceeding the leaves : clusters somewhat distant ; petals 3, linear,
exceeded by the stamens ; berries ovoid, blunt at both ends. — SI. t. 208. f. 2. — A shrub,
about 8' high ; leaflets papery, 4"-2" long : principal veins prominulous beneath ; racemes
l'-2' long; petals whitish-green, V" long; berries 4m-5,,, long, 3'" broad, scarlet, at length
black, shining. — Hab. Jamaica !, all coll., in mountain-thickets ; [Cuba !, Mexico !, Panama !,
New Granada!].

15. ALVARADO A, Liebm.

Flowers dioecious. Calyx 5 -partite, valvate. Petals 0(-5?). Stamens 5, alternate with
the calyx, inserted below the central disc : anthers 4-locular. “ Ovary 2 (-3)-celled : cells
biovulate ;” styles 2 (-3), short, recurved. Pericarp loculicidal, samaroid-compressed (or
triangular, with a contracted commissure) : seeds solitary in each cell, erect, with the testa
membranaceous. Cotyledons flat, foliaceous : radicle inferior 1 ; albumen almost none. —
Shrubs ; leaves impari-pinnate : leaflets approximate, multijugal, alternating, shortly petiolu-
late, glaucous beneath ; flowers small, S spinate, $ racemose.

30. A. jamaicensis, Benth. (MS.). Leaflets 18-20-jugal, oblong, emarginate, gla-
brous, revolute on the margin ; stamens twice as long as the calyx ; capsules oval-roundish,
glabrous, as long as the puberulous pedicel. — Branches leafy at the top ; leaflets 10"'-6"'
long, 3W broad, rounded or subcordate at the base, rigid : petiolule subglobose, diam. ;
calyx i'" long; capsule 5"' long, 4'" broad, rounded at both ends. — Hab. Jamaica !, Pd.,
Al., March, on calcareous rocks, Union Hill, at 2000'.

31. A. amorphoides, Liebm. Leaflets 12-16-jugal, oblong, emarginate, pubescent
beneath, flat on the margin ; stamens four times as long as the calyx ; capsules elliptical-lan-
ceolate, acuminate, puberulous, and ciliate. — A shrub, 6'— 12' high ; leaflets 8"'-5'" long, 4"'
broad, blunt at the base : petiolule V" long ; capsule 6'" long, 2"1 broad, tapering at both
ends, a little longer than the pedicel. — Hab. Bahamas !, Swains.; [Mexico !, Nicaragua !].

L. ERICEiE.

Stamens bi-uniseriate, mostly distinct from the corolla, which is usually sympetalous :
anthers dehiscent by pores or slits, furnished often with appendages : pollen mostly cruciate.
Pistil compound, originally paracarpous : placentas contiguous in the middle, mostly multi-
ovulate : style usually simple. Embryo small, cylindrical, enclosed within a large endosperm .
— Woody plants (rarely herbaceous) ; leaves entire, exstipulate.

Resinous and astringent principles prevail in this Order. The berries of Vaccinium meri-
dionale are eatable.

Tribe I. CLETIIREjE. — Petals distinct or nearly so, deciduous. Stigma 3(-2 )-fld.

Capsule loculicidal. — Buds devoid of scales.

1. CLETHRA, L.

Sepals and petals 5. Stamens 10, reflexed in the bud : cells diverging at the top, de-
hiscent by a terminal pore or introrse slit. Capsule 3-celled, many-seeded.— Shrubs or
trees ; flowers racemose, white ■. bracts deciduous.

!• C. tinifolia, Sw. Branchlets and petioles rusty-villous ; leaves obovate-oblong or
o\al, quite entire, or remotely denticulate, glabrous above, hoary-tomentose beneath : veins
10-1G on each side ; racemes long, aggregate, hoary-tomentose : bracts filiform, as long as
or exceeded by the recurved pedicel ; petals subciliate above ; anthers shortly mucronate at
the base: cells oblong, truncate at the large pore; style included. — SI. t. 198./. 2 (excites,
fruct.). Br. Jam. t. 21. f. 1 (exclus. desc.). — Tinus occidentalis, L. C. mexicaua, DC. —
A timber-tree, or shrub, 40'-2' high ; leaves either quite entire, or with glauduliform teeth
at the end of the excurrent veins ; pedicels 3"' long.— Hab. Jamaica !, Pd., Al., in woods ;
irmidad !, Cr. ; [Mexico!, Guiana, Brazil].

2. C. bracteata, Or. (n.sp.). Branchlets, inflorescence, and petioles rusty-villous j

142

ERICE2E.

leaves elliptical- oblong, denticulate, glabrous above, glabrate beneath : veins 8-12 on each
side ; racemes compound : bracts subidate-filifortn, as long as the flower ; petals subciliate
above; authors inversely arrow-shaped, acuminate at tlie base; style included.— Leaves
leathery, 6"-3" long, pointed, blunt at the base, at first hoary-tomentose beneath, soon
glabrous : teeth at the end of the branching veins, glanduliform, numerous ; petiole 10"'-4'"
long ; panicle lax, terminal : bracts 3"'-4"' long, exceeding the buds : pedicels V"-2"' long.
— Hab. Jamaica 1, Pd., on -the summits of the Blue Mountains.

3. C. Alexandra, Gr. (n. sp). Branches and petioles rusty-woolly ; leaves elliptical,
denticulate or subentire, glabrate above, rusty-tomentose beneath: veins 8-10 on each side;
racemes aggregate, rusty-villous: bracts subulate-lanceolate, nearly as long as the flower ;
petals subentire ; anthers obcordate, shortly mucronate at the base : cells oblong, rounded at
the top; style at length exserted. — A tortuous shrub : habit of C.fimbriala, Kth. ; leaves
thickish-rigid, 2"-li" long, bluntish at both ends, at first woolly on both sides : veins
straightish, impressed above : teeth glanduliform, about 1'" distant from each other, or ob-
solete : petiole 3,"-2'" long ; racemes spreading, 6"-4" long : bracts 3"' long : pedicels
scarcely 1"' long ; sepals tomentose, oval-oblong, H"' long, a little exceeded by the obovate
petals ; stamens included : anthers with a large, roundish pore ; style very shortly 3-lobed ;
capsule tomentose: seeds oval, encircled by a broad wing.— Hab. Jamaica 1, Al., on the
summits of the Blue Mountains.

Tribe II. SIPH0N0ST0ME2E— Corolla sympetalous, deciduous. Antlier-cells diverg-
ing at the top, dehiscent by a terminal-introrse pore or slit. Pericarp loculicidal or
baccate. — Buds enclosed within scales ; leaves alternate.

Subtribe 1. AND ROM EDE2E. — Capsule loculicidal, free.

2. LYONIA, Nutt.

Calyx 5-fid valvate. Stamens 10-8, destitute of appendages : anthers recurved, dehiscent
by pores. Capsule 5(-4)-celled, 10(-8)-valved, the sutures at length separating from the
carpids. — Pedicels fascicled.

4 L jamaicensis, Don. Branchlets puberulous, glabrate; leaves eveigreen, gla-
brous, lanceolate or elliptical-lanceolate, quite entire or repaud, reticulated with veins and
at length punctate beneath; pedicels axillary, crowded; calyx 5-fid, short ; corolla oblong;
anthers 10, recurved, oblong, shortly mucronate at the base of both cells Bot. Mag.
t. 4273. — Andromeda, Sw. A. fasciculata, Sw. ! — A tree or shrub; leaves bluntish, ash-
coloured beneath ; pedicels 3"' long, scarcely as long as the petiole ; corolla white, 2 long ;
capsule-valves 10, linear.— LIab. Jamaica !, Macfl, on the summits of the mountains.

5 Ii octandra, Gr. Glabrous; leaves evergreen, lanceolate, quite entire: veins in-
conspicuous; pedicels axillary, clustered, exceeded by the petiole; calyx 4-fid, short ;; co-
rolla oblong-prismatical, contracted above; anthers 8, ovate-oblong acuminate rounded at
the base.— Andromeda, Sw. Mcnziesia triflora, Eerier, sec. DC. A shrub, 12 -15 high ;
leaves polished, sometimes obsoletely punctate and pale-green beneath, 2 long bluntish ;
pedicels 1"' long ; corolla IV" long ; capsule unknown.— Hab. Jamaica 1, Pd., on high
mountains, Moorce’s Gap.

3. BltOSSiEA, DC. {emend.)

Calyx deeply 5 -fid, valvate, not fleshy in fruit. Stamens 10: anther-cells dehiscent by
an oval foramen, each 2-awued at the top. Capsule 5-celled, many-seeded. Leaves ever-
green, serrulate; pedicels axillary, solitary, or a few of the uppermost racemose from the
reduction of leaves.

6 B anastomosans, Or. -Vent. Choix, t. 53.— Andromeda, L Epigiea cordifolia
Sw / Gualtheria buxifolia, IF. ex PI. Moritz. G. anastomosans, Kth.- A low, branched
shrub V hitrli ascending with the hispid branches; leaves shortly pctioled ovate, sub-

Jail Ae te, point!. Bl*l»»‘°. *oi»y. 8”-12”' >“Si I*"* •*” long, nod, bog , cdy*

ERICEJE.

143

1"' long : lobes triangular ; corolla crimson, ovate, contracted above, 3"' long : limb erect,
-\,H long, with the lobes triangular ; sexual orgnus included. — Hab. Trinidad (Sieb.) , [Gua-
deloupe !, on the top of the mountains, Venezuela!, New Granada 1].

Subtribe 2. VACCINIEJE. — Calyx adnate.

4. SPIIYROSPERMUM, Pcepp., Endl.

Calyx-limb 4-5-toothed. Corolla ovate-ureeolate. Stamens 4-5, distinct : anther-cells
distinct above, tapering into a narrow tube, opening with an oval foramen. Ovary 2-4-5-
celled : cells multiovulate. Pericarp baccate. — Epiphytical shrubs ; leaves distichous ; pe-
dicels filiform , axillary, simple.

7. S. majus, Or. (in PI. Lechl.). Branchlets and petioles puberulous ; leaves ovate ,
obtusate, blunt, subcordate at the base, glabrous : petiole very short ; pedicels solitary, as
long as the leaf ; calyx-tube pilose, globose ; anthers 4, bifid to the middle. — Allied to S.
buxifolium , Poepp., but leaves larger, and berry (in the Peruvian specimens) 4-celled.
Branches rooting on trees ; leaves 1" long, 8"' broad ; pedicels cernuous, thickened at the top,
nearly glabrous ; calyx V" long, covered with long white hairs ; corolla 2nl long, as long as
the stamens : its limb very short, recurved, 4-partite : the tube slit at the base or separated
into four very short claws ; connective bearing some hairs. — Hab. Trinidad!, Cr. ; [Peru!].

5. SOPHOCLESIA, Kl.

Calyx-limb spreading, 4-5-toothed or entire. Corolla tubulose, turgid above the base.
Stamens 8-10, distiuct : filaments alternately unequal : anther-cells distinct and tubuliform
from the middle, opening with an oval or oblong foramen. Ovary 2-4-5 -celled : cells
multiovulate : style exserted. Berry dry. — Epiphytical shrubs : habit of Sphyrospermum.

8. S. apophysata, Or. (n. sp.). Glabrous ; leaves ovate or ovate-lanceolate, with a

bluntish point ; pedicels subsolitary, jointed and bibracteolate at the middle, twice or more
exceeded by the leaf ; calyx-tube swelling at the base into an annular apophysis : limb
entire. — An evergreen shrub: branches flaccid; leaves 2"-l" long, 18"'-8'" broad, rigid,
quite entire, revolute on the margin, obsoletely quintuplinerved, polished and veinlessjjeneath :
petiole 4,,,-2,,, long, flat above ; pedicels long : bracteoles long, ovate, contiguous

at the base ; calyx 2"' long and broad : tube shortly campanulate, shorter than the spreading
limb : apophysis convex on the margin and concave on the under side ; corolla 8W long,
1"' diam. above, 2"' above the base: limb erect, 5 -partite : segments linear, blunt, six times
shorter than the tube; stamens very unequal, the longer ones not exceeding half the corolla:
anthers punctate-scabrous, 1 if long, linear, shorter than the long and longer than the short
filaments, inserted to the filament above their base; stigma simple, minute ; ovary 5-celled,
protruding above its aduate base. — Hab. Trinidad !, Pd., Cr., in the hot region between
Arhna and Aripa de Abaja, Tocuche.

6. THIBAUDIA, Kth.

Calyx-limb 5-lobed. Corolla tubulose, turgid above the base. Stamens 10, distinct, of
equal length : anther-cells distinct, tapering above into a narrow tube, opening with an elon-
gated foramen. Ovary 5-celled : cells multiovulate. Perry dry. — Evergreen shrubs ; llow’ers
usually in axillary racemes or corymbs.

9. T. latifolia, Gr. ( n.'sp .). Branchlets glabrous, cylindrical; leaves elliptical or
roundish, septuplinerved, shortly cuneate at the base, glabrous ; racemes lax, usually aggre-
gate, pubescent together with the small flowers ; bracts lanceolate, small, one at the base of
the pedicel and two above it. — This species does not answer to any of the sections which
Klotzsch has separated as genera from Thibaudia, but it is allied to rny Peruvian 27/. poly -
antha. Crueger remarks that the corolla-tube is double, and both tubes 5-fid : this may
have been a monstrosity, as it is not so in his specimens. — Leaves ')"-3" long, 5"-2£" broad,
sharply pointleted or bluntish, quite entire, leathery, with the nerves prominulous beneath :
petiole 8,,,-3w long, 2'" broad, enlarged into the cuucate leaf-base ; racemes usually 2-5 in
each axil, sessile, 3//-l,/ long, surrounded at the base by minute, subulate bracts, wholly co-

144

ERICEiE.

verccl witli whitish, short hairs : pedicels spreading or nodding, G"'-4 long : bracts 1 long,
the superior 1'" above the base of the pedicels ; calyx-tube ovate, V" long : limb ol the same
length with subulate, distant lobes ; corolla 2"' long : limb spreading, with the lobes ovale,
bluut long ; filaments densely pubescent : anthers inserted above their base, conniverit,
included, oblong at the base, tapering and bifid from the middle, glabrous ; style i exsertal ;
pericarp ovoid, T" long, 5"' diam. : persistent calyx-limb free, erect, 2" long.— Hab. m-
nidad !, Cr., Tocuche.

7. SYMPHYSIA, Prl,

Calyx campanulate : limb free, subtruncate, minutely 6(-7)-toothed. Corolla ovoid-eam-
panulate, 6(-7)-fid, valvate, fleshy. Stamens 12 (-14), distinct, of equal length : anthers
ovate-oblong, awnless : cells distinct from the middle, terminated abruptly with a short,
narrow tube, dehiscent at its top with a pore. Ovary 6-celled : cells multiovulate. Pericarp
baccate. — Evergreen shrubs ; flowers in axillary corymbs.

10. S. guadelupensis, Kl. Glabrous; leaves elliptical or elliptical-lanceolate,
minted, tapering towards the subsessile base, remotely and obscurely serrulate, veiny be-
neath.—Hook. ic. t. 292 ; Peless. ic. 5. t. 18.— Vaccinium, Sw. Andreusia PC. Vacci-
nium Irnravi, Hook. ! S. martinicensis, Peless. — A high shrub ; leaves usually 2 -3 long,
broad ; corymbs simple, peduncled, as long as the leaves ; pedicels 8 10 long ;

flowers 4"'-5"' long, 3"' broad : corolla as long as the ovary ; sexual organs included.— Gab.
Dominica!, Imr. ; [_Guadeloupe],

8. VACCINIUM, L.

Calyx-limb short. Corolla campanulate or urceolate : limb 4-5-fid. Stamens 8-10, dis-
tinct of equal length : anther-cells distinct above, tapering into a narrow tube, dehiscent at
its top. Ovary 4-5-celled : cells multiovulate. Pericarp baccate. — Shrubs.

Sect Vitis-idasa. — Corolla campanulate. Anthers awnless, or shortly 2-awned on the
back, contracted into long tubes. Ovary devoid of spurious dissepiments.— Lewes, ever-
green.

11 V. smilacifolium, Or. ( n . sp.). Glabrous ; leaves ovate-roundish or ovate, point-
leted, quite entire, 5- nerved , reticulated-veiny chiefly beneath ; corymbs few-flowered : pe-
dicels long, thickened above, jointed at the ebracteolate top ; calyx-teeth minute ; corolla
ovate, 5-toothed: limb connivent-erect ; sexual organs included ; anthers ®ra“^s

cylindrical, bearing a few pedicels, chiefly at their summit ; leaves 3 -2 Ion,,, 22 1 broad,

leathery, somewhat revolute on their margin, palmatinerved : first pair of lateral nerves in-
cluding an elliptical area and united with the midrib below the cuspidate, lanceolate point .
petiole thickish, 2"' long ; pedicels 8"'-10'" long ; flowers 6'" long ; calyx-limb very short, 5-
denticulate-repand ; corolla red, as long as the ovary : teeth triangular, one-sixth as long as the
tube (the corolla however is really divided to the middle, the greater part of the lobes cohering
by the inner epidermis) ; filaments very short, glabrous; anthers inserted immediately above
their base, glabrous, oblong below, bifid to the middle, each cell tapering at the point of
division intoSa linear tube, the terminal pore of which is minute ; style usually equally the
corolla, shortly exceeding the anthers.— Hab. Dominica!, Imr., Coulabion Mountains.

12 V. meridionale, Sw.l Branchlets pubescent; leaves elliptical-lanceolate, or
elliptical, obsoletely mucronulate, obtusely cartilaginous-serrulate,
hairy on the midrib above ; flowers racemose : pedicels shorter than the flower , calyx-
4(-5)-partite: segments triangular ; corolla ovate, glabrous : teeth triangular, spi ending, one-
third as long as the tube ; sexual organs nearly equalling the corolla; anthers with two v y
short awns on the back.— A high shrub, 10'-30' high ; leaves V'-lV, pedicels and mem-
branaceous bracts 2"', flowers 4"'-5'"long; corolla reddish-white, twice as long as the ovary ,
filaments long, hairy : anther-cells oblong-linear, as long as their narrow tubes : awns mcon-
snicuous • berry 4"' diam. — Hab. Jamaica I, Pd., Mae/., A m the Blue and Port-Royal
mountains, from their summits as low down as the forests of the coffee region.

CELASTRINEJE.

115

LI. CYRILLEtE.

Stamens of Ericeee , but pollen simple, triangular. Pistil syncarpous : ovules solitary iu
each cell, pendulous. — Habit and most characters of polypetalous Ericese.

1. CYRILLA, L.

Calyx small, 5 -partite. Petals 5, dry, pointed. Stamens 5 : anthers opening with lateral
slits. Ovary 2-eelled : style with a bifid stigma. Pericarp dry. — Glabrous, evergreen
shrubs ; leaves quite entire ; flowers in narrow , slender racemes.

1. C. antillana, Mich. Leaves lanceolate-oblong, blunt, slightly emarginate, leathery,
mmutely reticulated chiefly above; pedicels longer than the petals. — Racemes subsessile in
the superior axils, 2 -4 long, pedicels I f", petals V" long.— Hab. Jamaica !, Macf, Pd ,
Bancr., in the Port Royal mountains; Dominica 1, Imr. ; [Cuba!, Guiana!, Brazil!].

LII. CELASTRINEiE.

Stamens opposite to the imbricated calyx, mostly imiseriate aud perigynous. Pistil syn-
carpous (rarely reduced) : ovaiy usually immersed in a disc, ovules 2-1 (-definite) in each
cell, usually erect. Seeds mostly arillate, albuminous : embryo large.— Woody plants • leaves
simple, stipulate ; flowers small: pedicels articulated.

Stimulant, or acrid aud bitter principles occur in this Order.

1. MAYTENUS, Puss.

Calyx 5 -fid : tube cupulifonn. Petals and stamens 5, the latter inserted under the mar-
gin ot the disc Ovary immersed, 2(-3)-celled : cells 2-ovulate : style with a 2(-3)-lobed
stigma. Capsule leathery, tardily loculicidal ; seeds erect, arillate, with a crustaceous
5 leaV6S aUernatK' IeathenJ> pedicels jointed at the base, axillary, usually

,}■ M- gonocladus, Gr. (n.sp). Glabrous: branchlets tetragonal ; leaves lanceolate-
oblong, obtusely poiiitleted, serrate above the middle with blunt serratures, or subentire
shimng above; pedicels fascicled, as long as or exceeding the petiole ; petals oval, equalling
the stamens; fruit ovoid-oblong.— Brauches acutely tetragonal, or at length cylindrical0
leaves 3 4 long, variable m the veins, promiuulous on both sides or obsolete tapering
^dl»noenf d?’ '1‘,11S 2' lonS; flowers hermaphrodite; petals much exceeding the
St V long;_d1lsc,rePanfl on the convex margin; anthers cordate-roundish ; style short
(but longer in Sieber s specimen) : stigma 2-lobed ; ovary-cells 2 incompletelv partitioned ■
pericarp (still closed) 3 long, leathery.— Hab. Trinidad !, Lockli., Sieb. W. 36 /[Guiana I]’.

2. EL^ODENDRON, Jacq.

Calyx 5-4-partite. Petals and stamens 5-4, the latter inserted on the margin of the disc
Oraiy ^immersed, S-(2-5)-ceUed : cells 2-ovulate. Drupe or nut usually S^ceUed seeds

leave, 2 long; petal, obovrte, 1» long.- Hab. Cmbb»n Islands ; [Bemud., I.' Z.I

felSnte .void, large, wffX.ai pel, It

Jamaica !, Macf, Port Royal; S. Vincent!, Guild. ; [Guadeloupe I, Chiapas!].

146

ILICINEiK

The East Indian E. glaucum, Pers., is a tree, introduced into Jamaica : this has lax cymes
as long as the leaves ; and a 2-celled ovary with a distinct, simple style.

3. MYGINDA, Jacq.

Calyx 4-partite. Petals and stamens 4, the latter inserted on the margin of the disc.
Ovary immersed, 4-celled: cells uniovulate. Drupe usually 1-seeded by early abortion :
seeds mostly erect, with a membranaceous testa : aril minute, obsolete. Shrubs ; leaves
opposite or wliorled ; cymes axillary.

4. M. Rhacoma, Sw. Brauchlets tetragonal ; leaves obovate or oval, serrulate,
subsessi/e, glabrous or pubernlous beneath ; cymes peduncled, few-flowered, nearly as ong_
as the leaves ; style distiuct: stigma 4- dentate ; drupes obovate.— .Br. Jam L 17-/. 1.
Rhacoma Crossopetalum. L. M. Uragoga, Rich. Cab (Jacquin s plant horn its hgm cs
/Liner Piet t 22 and Desc. FI. 4. t. 251, appears to be distinguished by globose diupes
and ovate ieaves).-A low shrub; leaves 8'"-l 2'" long, usually rounded at the top : veins
distant; petals i'", drupes 2"' long.— Hab. Jamaica!, Macf, Pd., March, on the sandy
seashore ; [Florida !, Cuba"].

5 M pallens, Sm. Branchlets tetragonal ; leaves obovate or oval-oblong, remote y
serrulate above or repand, shortly petioled, glabrous ; cymes peduncled, twice dichotomous
few-flowered, 2-3 times exceeded by the leaves ■ style distinct : s^Sma ^-dentate ^
obovate.- M. latifolia, ft Or. Carib.-k low shrub; leaves blunt, variable 1 -2 H,
i/'-l" broad ; flowers and drupes red.— Hab. Nevis !, Antigua !, Nichols., S. Lucia ., Anders.,
on limestone hills ; [Cuba!, Guadeloupe!].

6 M latifolia, Sw. Branchlets tetragonal; leaves elliptical or spathulate, ^penng
into the vetiole glabrous : serratures minute, very distant, or none ; cymes peduncled,
divaricated-dichotomous, few-flowered, 2-4 times exceeded by

drupes ovoid-oblong. — -Toss. FI. 2. t. 23 ? : distinguished by glo^e topes
r,,L ?_A low shrub ; leaves leathery, 2"-l" long, l"-i” broad : petiole 2 -6 tong ,
flowers white; diupes 2'" long, 1"' broad, crowned with the sessile stigmas.— Hab. Jamaic
(, Spreng .) ; [Cuba!, Guadeloupe !, on limestone hills].

4. SCH/EFI’ERIA, Jacq.

Flowers dioecious. Calyx 4-partite. Petals and stamens 4, hypogynous around an

Stf fiLm^ i ^ V**

pedicels a. Ion, «

FL f* 7 A 1 1 edi ^els °1 flo wer s V" long; berry scarlet, 2'" long ; embryo axile

pointed, or blunt, pedic ’ i p . tPSta thin brownish. — Hab. Jamaica!,^/.,

Granada].

LIII. ILICINEiE.

mmm «n»emtc, 0...11, epipetalou. (the petal. ; heins ,t

“St aromatic, and tonic principle. .cent in thi. Order. V„ Mn&M* » •
tree in Dominica.

1. ILEX, L.

(Prinos, L.)

m /, fit m nartite Corolla rotate, or petals subdistiuct, slightly connected by the
*1S'S 4-8 tap nutlets, crowned with the ...cil. st,6n,,,~I.c...>

ILICINE/E.

147

nate, leathery and glabrous in the West Indian species ; flowers usually fascicled, or in
corymbs, often diaecious/y polygamous.

§ 1. Most of the flowers perfect ; corolla rotate (Aquifolium).

1. I. obcordata, Sw. I Shrubby ; leaves small, obovate or spathulate, emarginate-
mucronulate, tapering into the short petiole, convex, veinless and shining above, quite entire ;
corymbs 3 -flowered, subsolitary, exceeding the petiole; flower-organs in fours; corolla
rotate ; berry. . . . — Hook. Ic. t. 294. — I. cuneifolia, Hook. I. myrtifolia, Lam. ?■ — 30' (Pd.)
-2' high ; branchlets fastigiate, very leafy, multicostate : the angles excurrent into the
stipules ; leaves 4" -12'", petiole l'"-2'" long; anthers ovate-oblong. — Hab. Jamaica !, Pd.,
Macf ., on the highest peaks of the Blue Mountains.

2. I. occidentalism Macf.! ( exclus . syn. Sw .). Arboreous : leaves oval or roundish,
emarginate or obsoletely pointleted, abruptly tapering into the petiole, mostly veinless on
both sides, quite entire ; corymbs as long as the petiole, with accessory pedicels ; flower-
organs in sixes or fours : corolla rotate ; berry. . . . — A low tree ; leaves 2"— 1": petiole 3'"—
4'" long ; corolla 3"'-4"' diam.; anthers ovoid-oblong, rounded at the base. — Hab. Jamaica !,
Pd., Macf., Port Royal and Blue Mountains, Dominica!, Imr., in the mountains.

§ 2. Most of the flowers polygamous ; corolla rotate (Prinos).

3. X. dioica, Gr. Arboreous; leaves elliptical-oblong, or oval, bluntish, rounded at
the base, quite entire or remotely serrulate-repand, shining above : principal veins delicate,
prominulous on both sides : petiole channelled above ; corymbs as long as the petiole,
fascicled, with accessory pedicels ; flower-organs in fours or fives ; corolla rotate ; berry
globose, smooth : nutlets usually 5, smooth. — -Vahl, Eclog. t. 14. Prinos, P. — A middle-
sized tree , leaves 4"-2", petiole 4'"— 8'" long ; corolla 3'"— 4'" diam. ; anthers ovate, blunt,
subcordate at the base ; berry 2'" diam.-— Hab. Jamaica !, Wits., Al., March, Bath, at
1200' alt., Moneague ; Montserrat.

§ 3. Corolla divided nearly to the base (Prinodia).

4. X. montana, Gr. Arboreous; leaves elliptical or ovate-lanceolate, acuminate or
bluntish, subacute at the base, remotely aud sharply serridate above the base, (or entire),
veiny beneath ; corymbs solitary, exceeding the petiole ; flowers mostly perfect : organs
usually in sixes (or in fours to eights) ; corolla divided nearly to the base : berrq globose,
sulcate: nutlets grooved. Prinos, Sw. — A tree, 30'— 40' high; leaves variable, 1^" (or 34"-
1"), petiole 4"'-] O'", petals 1"' long; anthers ovate; berry purple, 2"' diam.

a. Leaves elliptical, or elliptical-roundish, bluntish, If' long.— I. Cassine, Rich. Cub.
(non Alt.). Prinos sideroxyloides, Sw. ! : probably a form -with entire leaves.

0. lanceolala. Leaves small (1" long), ovate-lanceolate, acuminate.— Prinos lanceolatns,
Macf. ! (non Pursh). P. Macfadyeni, Wp. Ilex minutiflora, Rich.

y. ovata. Leaves large (3"-3|" long), ovate, long-acuminate, long-petioled : petiole as
long as the common peduncle.

Jamaica !, all collect., common in the mountains (ct, 0) ; Dominica !, Imr. (7) ;
[Luba!, Guadeloupe!].

5. I. Macoucoua, Pers. Arboreous ; leaves obovate-oblong , or oval-oblong, emarginate,
un , or with a bluntish point, tapering into the petiole, quite entire, shining above, veiny
encat , corymbs fascicled, a little exceeding the petiole ; flowers polygamous : organs

usua y m fours ; corolla divided nearly to the base ; berry globose, smooth : nutlets 4,
eVTT^rbL L 34-~ 1 Cassine maurocenia, Sieb. Tr. 31 !— Leaves 2"-6", petiole 3"'-4'",
petals ^, , king, anthers ovate-roundish, small; berry 1)"' diam.— Hab. Dominica!, Imr.;
Innidad!, Sieb., Cr. ; [Guiana!, Pernambuco!].

nnfit ^ 1 s*<^ei'osy^c^es] Gr. (PI. Carib.). Arboreous; leaves elliptical, with a bluntish
’ s 0 fy tapenng into the petiole, quite entire, shining above, veiny ; corymbs as long
j; - 1 j Pe w. e\ W1. , accessory pedicels ; flowers perfect : organs in fours or fives ; corolla
uvmcu nearly to the base ; berry globose, smooth, nutlets 4-5, smooth.— Prinos nitidus, V. ?
n JV; ree , leaves.'} , petiole 6'", petals 1^'" long ; berry 2'"— 3'" diam.; anthers cordate.
Hab. Dominica!, Imr.; [Guadeloupe I],

L

0

148

HIPPOCRATEACE/E.

LIY. HIPPOCRATEACEjE.

Calgx 5-fid. Petals 5. Stamens 3, inserted on the inside of a large disc. Ovary
3 -celled : styles cohering below : ovules definite, ascending. Embryo exalbuminous. — "Woody
plants ; leaves simple, opposite, stipulate ; inflorescence axillary.

The oily seed of Hippocratea comosa is eatable, and so are f ile berries of Salacia.

1. HIPPOCRATEA, L.

Anthers transversely dehiscent : cells confluent. Carpids at length separated, striated,
leathery, navicular-compressed, medianicidal-bivalved : seeds attached to their base, usually
by means of an elongated, inferior wing. — Shrubs, usually climbing ; leaves glabrous in the
West Indian species ; panicles or cymes dichotomous, pedum cled.

1. H. scandens, .Tacq. Leaves elliptical or oblong, serrulate; cymes, rusty-pruinose,
exceeded by the leaves : divisions distant ; petals obovate, small ; carpids spathulate-oblong,
emarginate at the top. — Jacq. Amer. Piet. t. 12. — H. volubilis, L. H. obcordata, Lam.

A climbing shrub : petals greenish-yellow, IV" long ; disc obtusely conical; filaments short;
carpids H"-2i" long, 8"' broad : seeds 4-6. — Hab. Caribbean Islands ; [Haiti, Martinique ;
Panama!, New Granada!].

2. HE. ovata, Lam. Leaves elliptical-oblong, serrulate; panicles rusty-velutinous,
usually exceeding the leaves ; special cymes distant ; petals oblong, small ; carpids oval, or
oval-roundish, rounded at the top. — Lam. III. t. 28 .f. 2. Pesc. FI. 4. t. 290. H. volu-
bilis, Sw. 11. hevigata, Rich. H. discolor, Meg.!— A climbing shrub; petals 1'" long;
disc and filaments as in the preceding ; carpids li'' long, 1" broad : seeds about 4. — Hab.
Jamaica {Robins.) ; Trinidad !, Pd. ; [Cuba! to Guiana!, Panama!, New Granada!, Rio
Negro !].

3. H. scutellata, Gr. {n. sp.). Leaves oval-oblong, quite entire ; cymes hoary-veluti-
nous, twice exceeded by the leaves ; flowers enlarged by the broad, depressed disc : petal-
limb roundish ; carpids obovate-oblong, or ovoid-oblong, rounded at both ends. Branches
puberulous or glabrate ; leaves 3"-4" long, shortly apiculate, rounded at both ends : petiole
thickish, 3"' long, puberulous ; cymes usually contracted, as long as their peduncle ^flowers
5"'-6'" diam. ; calyx-lobes ovate, pointed, half as long as the petals ; petals l|'"-2"/ diam.,
shortly and broadly clawed : limb lacerate on the margin ; disc orbicular-depressed, scutelli-
form with an involute-erect margin, pubescent, 2"1 diam. : stamens inserted into its centre ,
filaments linear, divergent, V" long : authers minute, roundish, with confluent cells ; carpids
1 V' long, 9”' broad. — Hab. Trinidad !, Pd., Lockh.; [Guiana!].

4. H. comosa., Sw. Leaves oblong, quite entire ; panicles glabious, equalling the
leaves, bearing numberless, sterile, hair-like, rusty pedicels, which exceed much the inter-
mixed fertile ones; flowers minute; petal-limb ovate, blunt; carpids obovate 01 obloug.
—A high climber; leaves 6"-4" long, reticulated- veiny ; the sterile pedicels about 8 long,
either naked or terminated with an abortive flower ; flowers V" diam. ; disc cupuliform,
thin; stamens very short, contiguous. — Hab. Trinidad!, Sch., Cr. ; [Haiti.].

5. H. malpighifolia, Fudge. Leaves oblong or oval-oblong, quite entire; panicles
lax, glabrous, equalling or exceeding the leaves; petals large, obovate, 6-8 times exceeding
the calyx ; “ carpids orbicular : seeds wingless.”— Pudge, Guian. t. 8. Payer, Organ, t. 3o.
I. 34-44: analyt. Tonsella, Mey.l H. integrifolia, Rich. H. grandiflora, Pay. H hap-
pleriana, Miq. /—Petals 4"' long, not clawed, glabrous, devoid of the transverse keel of other
species ; disc cupuliform, thin ; stamens short : young anthers 4-celled, 4-lobcd.— Hab.
Jamaica!, Wits.; S. Vincent!, Guild.; [Cuba to Guiana !, Vcraguas],

2. SALACIA, L., Bentli.

Anthers adnate, bilocular. Pericarp baccate.

6 S scandens, Gr. Leaves oblong, pointed, quite entire, glabrous ; cymes axillary,
dichotomous, exceeded by the leaves; “ berry globose, minute.”— A t. 10.— Tontelea,
Aubl. — A climbing shrub. — Hab. Trinidad; [Guiana, Panama !j.

URTICACE/E.

149

LV. CHAILLETIACE/E.

Calyx-divisions 5. Petals 5, often bilobed. Stamens 5 (-3). Ovary 3-2-celle(l : ovules
2 in each cell, pendulous. Embryo exalbuminous. — Woody plants; leaves entire, alternate,
stipulate ; inflorescence axillary : peduncles often adhering to the base of the petiole.

1. CHAILLETIA, EC.

Petals distinct. Stamens 5. Pericarp drupaceous.

1. Ch. pedunculata, EC. Leaves oval-oblong, glabrous, scabrous on the nerves be-
neath ; cymes corymbiform, whitish-pubescent : peduncles adnate to the base of thfi petiole ;
petals bilobed ; styles distinct. — Ann. Mus. 17. 1. 1. — A climbing shrub : leaves 6,,-4” long,
2-3 times exceeding the cymes. — Hab. Trinidad 1, Pd., Cr., rare at S. Anns ; [Guiana !].

LYI. URTICACEiE.

Flowers apetalous, mostly unisexual. Stamens uniseriate, inserted into the torus, opposite
to the calyx-divisions. Ovary reduced, one-celled : ovule single : styles 2-1, usually fur-
nished with collecting hairs. Radicle superior. — Leaves simple, stipulate, often scabrous.

The rich milk of Artocarpece is either poisonous, or wholesome : it centains often an
abundance of caoutchouc [Ficus), or bird-lime is prepared from it ( Artocarpus ). The

tenacity of the fibres is remarkable in Urticece proper. The syncarpia, or fruits, or seeds,
are eatable in several instances ( Artocarpus , Maclura, Brosimum). Drugs are obtained
from the root of Contrajerva ( Eorstenia ), and from the Trumpet-tree ( Cecropia ). The
Fustic-wood [Maclura) contains a yellow pigment. Several West Indian Urticacece are
valuable timber-trees [Artocarpus, Brosimum, Pseudolmedia, Ficus laurifolia, etc.).

Tribe I. TJLMACEAE. — Flowers polygamous. Styles 2. Seed suspended. — Woody plants,

with a watery sap ; leaves alternate.

1. CELTIS, L.

Calyx 5 (4— 6) -partite, deciduous. Anthers included, introrse. Ovule campylotropous.
Pericarp drupaceous. Cotyledons anfractuose, enclosing a little albumen. — Leaves 3 -nerved;
pedicels axillary, jointed at the top.

Sect. 1. Euceltis. — Anthers produced at the base. Styles linear, entire.

1. C. trinervia, Lam. Leaves ovate, oblique at the base, cuspidate, serrate above,
glabrescent; pedicels fascicled, or cymose; drupe globose .- its pedicel three limes the length
of the petiole.- — C. jamaicensis, Planch. I C. Swartzii, Planch. — An unarmed tree ; leaf-
nerves proceeding from the oblique base, sharply prominulous beneath. — Hab. Jamaica !
Macf, Al. ; [Haiti].

Sect. 2. Mertensia. — Anthers equal at the base. Styles bifid.

2. C. aculeata, Sw. Spines stipular, recurved ; leaves ovate-oblong, subtriplinerved,
slightly oblique at the base ; pedicels cymose ; drupe ovate ■. its pedicel as long as the
petiole. Cav. Lc. t. 294. Kth. Nov. Gen. 1. 103. — lthamnus iguaneus, L. Mertensia acu-
leata, W. M. kevigata, Kth. — A trailing or scandcnt shrub.

a. Leaves quite entire, glabrous.

A serrata. Leaves serrate above.

y. pubescens. Leaves and inflorescence pubescent.

Hab Jamaica !, Macf., AL, [a, £), Pd. [y] ; Dominica !, Imr., [Cuba 1 and Mexico to
V euezuela !, New Granada ! aud Peru !].

2. SPONIA, Comm.

Calyx 5-partitc, persistent, induplieative-imbricate. A nthers exserted, introrse. Ovule

150

URTICACEjK.

campylotropous. Pericarp drupaceous, minute. Cotyledons fleshy-incurvcd, anfractuose.
— Leaves serrulate ; cymes axillary ; pedicels articulated.

3. S. micrantha, Decs. Scabrous ; leaves oblong -lanceolate, acuminate, oblique at
the base ; cymes sessile, usually geminate, nearly as long as the petiole— Br. Jam. t. 12.
/. 2. — Rhanmus, L. Celtis, Sw. C. Lima, Sw. : a form with the leaves very scabrous
above. C. rufescens, Planch.!- — A tree, about 20 high, or shrubby ; leaves 4 — G on?»
drupes ovate-glohose, V"long.— Hab. Jamaica !, all collect., common ; Antigua!, WuUschl.,
Doruiuica !, Irrir. ; Trinidad 1, Sieb. Tr. 45, Pel., Cr [Cuba!, Venezuela ! to Biazil.J.

4. S. mollis, W. Branclilets velutinous-puhescent ; leaves ovate, acuminate, equal or
slightly oblique at the base, scabrous above, soft-pubescent or puberulous beneath ; cymes
sessile, Sfiarcely as long as the petiole. — A high tree; leaves 4" long. Hab. Antigua.,
Wullschl.; Dominica \, Imr. ; [Cuba !, Venezuela !].

5. S. ILamarckiana, Decs. Scabrous ; leaves small, ovate-lanceolate, pointed, equal
at the base ; cymes subsessile, exceeding the petiole— Celtis, R. S. C. Jama, Lam. A
tortuous tree; leaves' 1" long, shortly petioled, revolute on the margin, somewhat hoarv
beneath, very scabrous above ; drupes ovate, 1"' long. — IJab. Bahamas 1, Swains. ; Jamaica .,
Mac/. ; Dominica !, Imr. ; S. Vincent !, Guild.

Tktbe II. ARTOCARPE/E.— Flowers unisexual. Stamens erect in the bud— Woody
plants, with a milky sap ; leaves alternate.

3. lfICUS, L.

Inflorescence androgynous : flowers sessile on the inner side of a hollow, fleshy receptacle
(the fio-) which is involucrate at the base and bracteolate at its minute, terminal aperture.
Calyx-divisions 2-6. Stamens 1-2-6. Style simple or bipartite. Ovule pendulous.-
Leaves in the West Indian species alternate, quite entire, glabrous.

Sect. Urostigha. — Calyx S-pariite. Stamen 1. Style simple.

The only West Indian species, described as belonging to the diandrous section Pharma-
cosy cea ( Ph.jamaicensis , Liebm.), is a large-leaved tree, but a doubtful species, its flowei
and fruit being unknown.

* Figs 8"'-12'" diam.

6 P laurifolia, Lam. Leaves elliptical-oblong, pointed, cuneate or rounded at the
base 12-15-costate ; figs globose, 2-3 times as long as the pedicel puberulous or glabrate :
bracteoles broad, forming a distinct, umbilicated-convex, perforated mamilla : involucre
minute. — SI. t. 223. — F. virens, Ait. F. martinicensis, W. Urostigma launloliunn Miq.

, p -pi nnr;h ) A laro-e tree ; leaves with minute, white points above, 6 8 long,

9 ' S bfoad net ole l"-lP long ; fig 10"'-12"' diam., red : pedicel 4"'-5'" long ; mvo-

. »*— « 2'" 1” ft-*. !. r,U„

March ; Dominica 1, Imr., in the mountains.

7 P suffocans Eb Bks. Leaves elliptical, bluntish at both ends, 7-8-costate ; figs

involucre bilobed : lobes roundish, V" diam.-llAB. Jamaica!, Al., Wils.,
March, at Moneague, Bath.

8 F crassinervia, Desf. Leaves oval, rounded at the top , or with a bluntish point,
subcode or bounded at the base, 7-9-costate ; figs globose, subsessile, velvety : brae coles

elnsimr the anerture surrounded by a callous, mamilliform ring ; involute bilobed, la n ,
closing the aperiure, sullu £ —TTrnst.irmia Mia ' U. Gardncrianum, ex Antigua,

Zc}.,MLtwullschl.; Antigua !, Nichols., WuUschl.; [Cuba!, Guadeloupe!].

** Figs 4"'- S'" diam.

9. F. trigonata, L. Leaves oval, rounded at both ends, or subcordate at the base,

UltTICACEiE.

151

6-8-costate ; Jigs globose, 4-G times as long as the pedicel, or subsessile, puberulous or
glabrate : bracteoles closiug tlie aperture, forming a bluntly conical mamilla ; involucre
bilobed, large, puberulous, i as large as the fig. — Plum. Ed. Burm. t. 132. f. 1— Urostigma,
Miq. — Leaves with minute white points above, 3"-5" long, 2"-3" broad : petiole 4'"— 10'"
long; fig 5 "'-8'" diam. : pedicel If long. — Hab. Jamaica !, March, Wullschl.

10. F. laevigata, V. Leaves cordate-ovate or ovate, pointleted, 6-8-costate ; figs tur-
binate, as long as the cernuous pedicel, glabrous, slightly impressed-umbilicate at the per-
forated, bracteolate top ; involucre miuute, bilobed. — Urostigma, Liebrn. — Leaves somewhat
scabrous with white, minute points above, glabrous and minutely reticulated with veins
beneath, 3V1— I5" long, 2i"-l" broad : petiole 8"'-18"' long; fig greenish, 6'" diam.:
terminal impression 2'" diam., fiat; involucral lobes roundish, l"' diam. — Hab. Jamaica!:
March ; [Cuba !] .

11. F. lentiginosa, V Leaves ovate, pointleted, rounded at the base or subcordate,
8-10-costate; figs globose, glabrous, 3-4 times longer than the pedicel, flat at the closed
top ; involucre minute, bilobed. — Puss. FI. 2. i. 14: a form with bluntish leaves. — Urostigma,
Liebm. U. laurifolium, Gr. Carib. {non Miq.). F. tinctoria, Tuss. — Leaves 7 "-3" long,
4"-2" broad : petiole 2" -I" long ; fig (>"-8" diam., red : pedicel 2"'-l"' long. — Hab.
Montserrat, Dominica !, Lmr. ; [Guadeloupe !].

12. F. dimidiata, Gr. {n.sp.). Leaves elliptical, bluntish at both ends, 8-10-costate;
figs globose, subsessile, glabrate : bracteoles closing the aperture, forming a convex mamilla,
and surrounded by a callous ring ; involucre large, J or ^ as large as the fig : lobes about
4, irregular, deltoid or rounded, usually subdimidiate. — Leaves with minute points above,
4"-2" long, 2"-V broad: petiole 8"'-10"' long; fig 6"'-4'" diam. — Hab. Jamaica!,
Wullschl., Manchester; [Cuba!].

13. F. ochroleuca, Gr. Leaves oblong or elliptical-oblong, pointed, rounded or
shortly cuneate at the base, obsoletely 8-12-costate; figs globose, longer than the spreading
pedicel, glabrous, pale-yellow, deeply concave at the top : bracteoles closing the aperture,
forming a convex point in the middle of the concavity ; involucre minute, bilobed. F.
pertusa, Sw. ! Observ. {non alior.). F. americana, Lun. {non Siv.). — A tree ; leaves with
minute whitish points on both sides, 4"-2" long, 1A"-1" broad : petiole 6"'-8'" long ; fig

diam. : terminal concavity convex on the margin, If" diam. : pedicels often gemi-
nate, 4"'-3"' long; involucral lobes rounded, spreading, scarcely V" long. — Hab. Jamaica!,
Al., March.

14. F. populnea, W. Leaves ovate-oblong, usually with a bluntish point, rounded or
subcordate at the base, obsoletely 6-8-costate; figs globose, nearly as long as the pedicel,
glabrous, red : bracteoles closing the aperture, forming an obtusely conical mamilla ; in-
volucre minute, bilobed. — Urostigma, Miq. ! — Leaves 3"-2" long, If -l" broad : petiole
8" -15'" long; fig 4"'-5'" diam. : pedicel 3"'-4'" long, spreading; involucral lobes roundish,
scarcely 1'" long. — Hab. Antigua !, Nichols., Wullschl.

16. F. pedunculata. Ait. Leaves lanceolate-oblong or elliptical- oblong, with a
bluntish point, cuneate at the base (or rounded), obsoletely 8-12-costate; figs globose,
nearly as long as the pedicel, glabrous, red, flat at the top , or somewhat callous around the
closed, flat aperture ; involucre slightly bilobed, twice exceeded by the transverse diameter
of the fig. Urostigma, Miq. — A large tree ; leaves somewhat scabrous with white points,
usually 3" long, 1A" broad : petiole 4"'-6"' long ; fig 4'" diam. ; pedicels defiexed, usually
geminate, 4"'-3"' long; involucre 2"' diam.: lobes round. — Hab. Jamaica!: all collect.,
common ; [S. Croix],

16. F. pallida, V Leaves lanceolate-oblong , bluntish, cuneate towards the bluntish
base, obsoletely 8-14-costate ; figs globose, 3-4 times longer than the pedicel, glabrous, red :
bracteoles closing the aperture, forming a small, convex mamilla ; involucre minute, bilobed.
—Nearly allied to the preceding ; leaves with minute white points above, 2"-4" long,
l-l broad: petiole 3"'-8"' long; fig 4"' diam. : pedicel about V" diam. : involucral
lobes scarcely V" long.— Hab. Jamaica !, March ; Dominica !, Lmr. ; [New Granada].

*** Figs 2"' -3"' diam.

17. F. Schumacheri, Gr. Leaves lanceolate-oblong or oblong, pointleted or bluntish,

162

URTI0ACE2E.

rounded at the base, obsoletely 8-14-costate ; jigs globose, geminate, nearly as long as
the pedicel, pruinose, jlat at the top, or somewhat callous around the flat, closed aperture ;
involucre bilobed, minute. — Nearly allied to F. gemina, R. P., but without the terminal
concavity of its fig. — Leaves with white points above, 2s"-3" long, broad : petiole

3"'-6'" long ; fig 2iw diam. : pedicel 2'" long. — Hab. Trinidad !, Cr.

18. F. pertusa, L. Leaves small, oval-oblong or oblong, rounded at the top, blunt at
the base, obsoletely 8-10-costate ; Jigs globose, geminate, 3-4 times longer than the pedicel,
glabrous, yellowish, at length red, somewhat concave at the top : bracteoles closing the
aperture, forming a bluntly-conical mamilla; involucre bilobed, miuute. — Plum. Ed. Barm,
t. 1 32./. 2. — Urostigma, Miq. F. americana, Sw. — A tree, about 20' high ; leaves leathery,
2"-l" long, 12,H— 8,n broad: petiole 2w-3'" long, thick ish ; fig 2'" diam. ; pedicel nearly
long.- — Hab. Jamaica {IP.); [Guadeloupe!, Guiana!].

4*. ARTOCARPUS, L.

Flowers monoecious, sessile on the outside of a fleshy, globose or oblong receptacle.
3 : Sepals 2 (-4) ; stamen 1. ' ? Flowers cohering ; calyx tubulose, perforated at the top ;
style simple, or 2-3-partite. Ovule pendulous. Embryo exalbuminous. — High trees ;
peduncles axillary, with a single jlower-head.

19*. A. incisa, L. Leaves roundish, pinnatifid: lobes oblong, pointed ; $ calyx bifid ;
style 2-3-partite.— Tuss, FI. 2. t. 2. 3. Besc. FI. 8. t. 639.— Hab. Naturalized in Jamaica !,
A!.; S. Vincent!, Guild.; [Pacific and East Indian islands],

20*. A. integrifolia, L. Leaves elliptical, pointed, entire (rarely lobed) ; S calyx
bipartite; style simple.- — Tuss. Ft. 2. t. 4. — Hab. Naturalized in S. Vincent!, Guild.; Tri-
nidad!, Schach; [Pacific and East Indian islands].

5. PSEUDOLMEDIA, Tree.

Flowers dioecious, surrounded by sterile bracts : $ in the axils of the inner bracts,
reduced to naked, fascicled stamens ; ? solitary, terminal : calyx adnate, tubulose, at length
baccate : style bipartite. Ovule pendulous.— Leaves entire; 3 flowers in axillary, glomeru-
liform, sessile aments, 9 enclosed within similar involucres.

21. F. spuria, Gr. Glabrous; leaves oblong or elliptical-oblong, pointleted, equal at
the base : principal vein-pahs 9-12, prominulous beneath. — Brosimum, Sw. ! P. havauensis,
Tree.!— A high tree; leaves leathery, 6"-3" long, 2"-l" broad, shortly petioled ; aments
subglobose, 2"' diam. — LIab. Jamaica !, Sw., Al., S. Anns ; [Cuba !].

6. BROSIMUM, Sw.

Flowers monoecious, or dioecious by abortion, naked : $ sessile on the outside of a globose
receptacle, reduced to a single stamen, separated by peltate bracts; ? 1-2, terminal,
immersed in and adherent to a cavity of the receptacle, from which the 2-dentate style is
shortly exserted. Ovule pendulous. Receptacle baccate. Embryo exalbuminous.— Trees ;
leaves quite entire ; receptacles axillary, pedunclcd.

22 B Alicastrum, Sw. Leaves oblong or elliptical-oblong, pointleted or pointed,
glabrous: principal veins about 12 on each side of the midrib ; pedicels as long as the
petiole, and as the diameter of the ament.— Sw. FI. t. 1 : analyt. Tuss. FI. 1, . t. 9. Besc.
FI. 8. t. 534. — A high tree ; leaves 6"-3" long ; aments 2 -3 diam. ; fruit globose,
10"'-! 2'" diam. — Hab. Jamaica (Sw., Tuss.); [Mexico ! to Yucatan].

23. B. Aubletii, Pcepp., Endl. Leaves oblong or obovate-oblong, pointleted, shining
above, puberutous and rusty beneath : principal veins about 8 on each side of the midrib ;
aments shortly peduncled, nearly equalling the petiole /. 340./. 2 A low tree;
leaves 3”-2" long. — Hab. Trinidad !, Pd., in woods at S. Anns ; [Guiana!, Northern 1 eiu,

and Brazil].

7. CECROPIA, L.

Flowers dioecious, sessile on the outside of cylindrical, umbellate receptacles. Calyx

URTICACEjE.

153

tubular, <? 2-androus, 9 with a free ovary and penicillate stigma. Ovule erect, atropous.
Pericarp nueameutaceous. — Trees; leaves peltate-roundish, usually palm atilohed, with the
lobes subentire, and white-tom entose beneath ; peduncles axillary : receptacles ebracteolate,
but before flowering enclosed within a large bract, covered with the flowers from the base
to the top, f thicker than the $ ones.

24. C. peltata, L. Leaves V-l-lobed to \ of the diameter, scabrous above, white-
tomentose beneath, with the nerves usually glabrescent : lobes ovate, pointleted ; $ recep-
tacles numerous, shortly stipitate (11" long, 1"' diain.), <j> 4-2, sessile (2" long, 3"' diain.).
— SI. t. 88. f. 2, et t. 89. Peso. FI. 1. t. 75.— A middle-sized tree : medulla septate;
leaves above 1' diam. : inferior lobes shorter. — Hab. Jamaica!, At., Wullschl. ; Caribbean
Islands ! ; [Venezuela],

25. C. palmata, W Leaves 9 (-11 -7 )-lobed to the middle, scabrous or glabrescent

above, white-tomentose beneath : lobes obovate-oblong, blunt ; $ receptacles . . . , ? 4,

sessile {If long, 2'" diam.). — Caribbean Islands!, [Guadeloupe !, Guiana!, Para].

Tribe III. MOREJE. — Flowers unisexual. Stamens inflexed in the bud, usually elastic.

Ovule pendulous, campylotropous.

8. TROPHIS, L.

Flowers dioecious, spicate. $ : Calyx 4-fid, valvar, 4-androus : stamens exserted. 7 :
Calyx tubular, contracted at the 4-dentate limb. Ovary adnate : style 2-partite. Pericarp
baccate. Embryo exalbuminous. — Milky trees ; spikes axillary, peduncled.

26. T. americana, L. Branches glabrescent; leaves ovate-oblong or oblong, point-
leted, quite entire, glabrous: principal veins (\-?>-jugal, arched; $ spikes cylindrical,
puberulous, usually geminate, ? shorter, 4-8-flowered, about twice as long as the petiole ;
berry ovoid. Br. Jam. t. 3 7 • f. 1. Eesc. El. 1. t. 19. — A low tree ; leaves rounded at the
base, 8"-4" long ; $ spikes 2", ? 4'" long : peduncles 4"', berry 4"'-6"' long— Hab.
Jamaica!, AL, Wils., March ; [Cuba!].

9. MACLURA, Nutt.

Flowers dioecious, spicate or capitate. <? : Calyx 4-partite, slightly imbricate, 4-androus :
stamens exserted. ? : Calyx-segments 4, at length indurated at the connivent top. Ovary
free : style simple, filiform, exserted. A chenia covering the globose, somewhat fleshy recep-
tacle.— Trees ; spines axillary or none ; inflorescence axillary, peduncled.

27- M. tinctoria, Eon {non Miq). Usually unarmed ; leaves subentire, oblong,
acuminate, subtruncate at the base, glabrescent or pubescent on the nerves beneath ; J1'
spikes cylindrical ; $ flower-heads globose, nearly as long as the petiole : styles nearly as
long as their diameter.— SI. t. 158. /. 1; Eesc. FI. 6. t. 431.— Morus, L., Herb. Macl.
submtegerrima, Miq. — Hab. Jamaica !, all collect. ; [Venezuela! to Peru! and Rio Grande
do Sul !] .

28 M. Xanthoxylon, Endl. Usually spiny; leaves coarsely serrate, ovate-oblong
or oblong, pointleted, rounded or subcordate at the base, which is slightly unequal, glabrate ;

$ spikes cylindrical ; 7 flower-heads globose : styles longer than their diameter Plum

Ed. Burnt, t. 204. Jacq. Amer. Piet. t. 263./. 76. Mart. FI. Bras. 12. t. 53.— Morus'
Jacq. Broussonetia tinctoria, Efth.— Hab. Trinidad!, Cr. ; [Mexico, Panama!, Bahia!]. ’

10. DORSTENIA, L.

Inflorescence androgynous : flowers naked, inserted into the alveoli of a flat receptacle, $
-androus, 7 with a lateral, bidentate style. Pericarp irregularly bivalved. Embryo
^m^peduMledmn'la'~ HClbS orslu'ubs; stil,ules usually persistent ; receptacles axillary,

1'lie West Indian species arc stemless herbs, with the peduncles scapiform, and the mem-
branaceous leaves rosulate from a nodose rhizoma.

154

URTICACEA2.

29. D. Contrajerva, L. Leaves cordate-roundish , palmatipartite or palmalitid, sca-
brous or glabrescent : segments ovate or oblong, usually acuminate, cut and toothed, or sub-
entire ; receptacles quadrangular, peltate : peduncle as long as the petiole, dilated a.t the
top — Desc. FI. 3. t. 20?.— Leaves 3"-8" diam. ; peduncles 4"-0" long ; receptacles G -8
diam., convex beneath, denticulate or lobed on the margin.— Hab. S. Vincent!, Guild.;
Trinidad !, Or. ; [Mexico ! to New Granada ! and Venezuela!].

30. D. cordifolia, Lam. Leaves cordate, bluntish, repand-enlire, glabrescent, shorter
than the petiole ; receptacles orbicular, denticulate, peltate : peduncle exceeded by the pe-
tioles, pubescent. — Sic. Ohs. t. 7 ./. 2: anabjt. — Leaves 3"-l" long, li"-l» broad : petiole
4''-2" long; receptacles 4'" diam., slightly convex beneath. — Hab. Jamaica!, Fd., IVultscnl.,
on river-banks ; [Haiti].

31. D. tubicina, R. P. Leaves spathulate-oblong, blunt, subcordate at the base, cre-
nulate, longer than the petiole ; receptacles cyathiform, orbicular, peltate, sid>entire or den-
ticulate, pubescent beneath : peduncle nearly as long as the petioles. Bot. Mag. t. 2804.—
Leaves hairy or glabrescent, 2V'-1V" long, 12"'-6'" broad: petiole 1" long; concavity of
the receptacles 6"'-3'" diam.— Hab. Trinidad !, Pd., rare in the savannahs at Anrna ;
[Peru].

Tbibe IV. URTICE2E. — Flowers unisexual. Stamens infiexed in the bud, elastic.
Style simple ; stigma usually penicillate. Ovule erect, atropous.

Subtribe 1. URERE2E. — Segments of ? calyx unequal.— Urns stinging or none.
Leaves alternate in the West India genera.

11. FLEURYA, Gaud.

Calyx S 4-5 -partite, 4-androus, ° 4-partite or 4-lobed, at length not fleshy. Style
ovate or elongated, at length reflexed. Achenium oblique, mostly margined and tubercled.
— Auuual herbs ; leaves serrate : stipules axillary, bifid ; flowers in axillary or paniculate,

soorpioid cymes.

32. F. sestuans, Gaud. Leaves ovate, pointed, coarsely serrate ; cymes usually monoe-
cious and androgynous : ? calyx unequally 4-partite ; pedicel not dilated l; style very short.
—Jacq. Schcenbr. t. 388.— Urtica, Jacq. U. divergens, Meg. I F. coriata Gaud Stem
erect 1 '-3' high, usually glabrous between the stmgmg hairs {F. cm data, Wedd.), or pu
b.Tl» and gkldd., ‘“T.l 5 1»S;-Ha». Jam.~!t« Tn-

nidad I, all collect. ; [Mexico ! to Brazil ! ; tropical Africa ! ; East Indies !].

12. URERA, Gaud.

Calyx of Fleurya, but at length baccate. Stigma mostly subsessile penicillate. Ache-
nium enclosed within the fleshy calyx— Stem usually woody; stipules axillary ; cymes
usually dioecious.

* Cymes Z-H-chotomous ; rhaphides on the upper leaf -side punctiform or none.

33 U caracasana, Gaud. Shrubby or arboreous ; leaves broadly ovate, pointed,
usually minutely cordate at the base, crenate-serrate, pubescent; cymes axillary or lateral,

many times divaricate-dichotomous; ? flowers pedicellate ; j“eq Jini

Tara Schcenbr. t. 386.— Urtica, Jacq. U. mstuans, Sieb. Matt. 20J. Uiera Jacquim,
Wedd /—Superior leaves 3"-4" long and scarcely as broad, inferior often much Jarger, 1
long and more : principal veins 6-8-jugal.— Hab. Jamaica!, Wright; S. Lucia., Anders.,
Trinidad !, Cr. ; [Mexico I to Buenos Ayres !].

34 U. data, Gr. Arboreous ; leaves ovate or ovate-oblong, pointleted, emarginate a
the base creuate (rarely sinuate-subentire), glabrous or glabrescent beneath ■, cymes axillary or
lateral several times divaricate-dichotomous : ultimate branchlets of ? filiform, mth 3 ( 7)
tZile dowers ■ achenium wholly included.-Urtica, Sw. ! Urera sinuata, Wedd. /-A low
tree 20' high,' or lower; leaves 6»-4" long, 3"-2" broad.-HAB. Jamaica \, Dist., this.,
AL, March, in the southern hills ; [S. Croix].

URTICACEiE.

155

35. XJ. espansa, Gr. Woody; leaves elliptical or elliptical-oblong, bluntish or point-
leted, usually emarginate at the base, crenate (rarely sinuate-repand), glabrous ; cymes axil-
lary or lateral, peduncled, many times divaricate-dichotomous ; $ Jlowers long -'pedicellate ;
acheninm . . . . — Urtica, Sw. !, adnot. — Nearly allied to the preceding ; leaves 7 "-3" long,
3"-l" broad. — Hab. Jamaica 1, Sw., March, Wullschl., iu the southern districts.

36 XJ. baccifera, Gaud. Shrubby or arborescent, often prickly ; leaves oval or round-
ish, sinuate-dentate, glabrous or glabrescent; cymes lateral, many times trichotomous ;
flowers pedicellate ; acheninm exceeding the baccate calyx. — Jacq. Schcenbr. t. 387 ;
Desc. FI. 6. A 433. — Urtica, L., Sw. I — 10'-12' high', or lower; leaves 4,,-l 2" long. —
Hab. Jamaica!, Wits., March; Trinidad!, Or.; [Cuba! and Central America! to Southern
Brazil !].

** Cymes contracted into branched or simple spikes; rhaphides on the upper leaf -side

numerous, linear.

37. XJ. crassifolia, Wedd.l Woody; leaves oval-roundish, bluntish, rounded at the
base, crcnate or subentire, triplinerved, long-petioled, glabrous or glabrescent beneath ; $
flower-clusters in axillary, branched spikes, which are exceeded by the petiole ; aehenium
• • • . — Leaves 10"-6"long, 8"-5" broad: petiole 5 "-3" long ; $ unknown. — Hab. Domi-
nica !, Imr.

38. XJ. microcarpa, Wedd. ! Shrubby or arboreous ; leaves elliptical-oblong, point-
leted, bluntish at the top, rounded or cuueate at the base, crenulate or subentire, h -nerved,
glabrous or glabrescent beneath on the nerves ; flower-clusters of both sexes in axillary
branched spikes which exceed the petiole ; aehenium exceeding the calyx. — A low tree or
shrub; leaves 4'-3" long, 2" — 1 4" broad, membranaceous: petiole 12,,,-6W long. — Hab.
Jamaica!, Macf., TFils., AL, in the central and northern bills.

39. XJ. spicata, Wedd. ! Woody ; leaves oblong or elliptical-oblong, bluntish at the
pointed top, emargiuate at the base, repand-entire, 3 -nerved, glabrous : £ flower-clusters in
axillary, subsessile, simple spikes, which are nearly as long as the petiole ; aehenium exceed-
ing the calyx. — Leaves 5"-2" long, lf-l" broad, papery : petiole 8m-4'" long. — Hab.
Jamaica !, Fist.

Subtribe 2. PIl 0 CRIFEJE. — Segments of $ calyx usually 3. Stigma penicillate. —
No stinging hairs. Herbs ; leaves opposite in the West Indian species.

13. PILEA, Lindl.

Calyx $ 4 (-2) -partite, $ 3(-2-4)-partite, with one segment larger and usually gibbous
below the top.— Leaves usually bearing rhaphides : one leaf ( of the pair ) often larger than
the other : stipulesaxillary; cymes axillary.

§ 1. Leaves small, uninerved. — Stem diffuse, flaccid.

40. P. microphylla, Liebm. Glabrous ; leaves obovale or roundish, quite entire,
uninerved : rhaphides on their upper side mostly transverse, linear ; cymes subsessile, con-
tracted, exceeded by the leaves, usually androgynous.— Stem manv-branched, annual or
suffruteseent, somewhat succulent ; leaves unequal (in the pair) : the smaller resembling the
stipules. The different forms of this variable species look like distinct species, but their
characters are of no value : —

a. Leaves minute (l'"-2£"' long), obovate, with a bluntish point, smooth beneath : all
rhaphides parallel, transverse, or the marginal ones arcuate.— SI. t. 93./. 2.— Parietaria L.
Urtica, Sw. ! Pilea muscosa, Lindl.

6. tnanthemoides, Lindl. Leaves larger (4'"- Sw long), obovate, rounded at the top,

somew lat punctate beneath : rhaphides parallel, transverse, or mixed with several oblique
ones.— Urtica, Sw. ! 1

7 . succulenta. Leaves orbicular (l/"-2i"' diam.), rounded or shortly cuueate at the
s lor ^ pc lined base, foveolate beneath, deciduous : transverse and oblique rhaphides usually
mixed. .— Urtica trianthemoides, var., Sic. Herb. — Stem suffruteseent, succulent. Allied to

13 13 U' hermarioidcs, Sw. !, a Haiti form, with an annual, filiform stem.

156

UllTICACEiE.

IIab. Jamaica ! to Trinidad !, all collect., very common on rocks, and in waste or moist
places ; a hi all islands ; 0 was sent from Antigua !, Wullschl. ; y from Jamaica !, Wilts., both
from Haiti ! ; [Cuba! and Mexico ! to Brazil and Peru!].

41. P. lucida, Bl. Glabrous or glabreseent ; leaves cuneate or lanceolate, uninerved,
heteromorphous, the larger serrate (or pinnatifid), the smaller usually entire : rhaphides on
both sides oblique, linear ; cymes minute, contracted, peduncled, mostly androgynous : the
peduncle nearly as long as the leaf (sometimes reduced) .—A variable, branched, delicate,
though sufrutescent herb, the forms of which pass into each other, though looking peculiar

" a. Leaves cuneate, subsessile, the larger (3'"-4'" long) bijugal-piuuatifid, with blunt lobes,
the smaller (l'"-2'" long) usually quite entire. — Urtica lucida, Sw. ! _

3 cuneifolia, Wedd. Leaves cuneate or obovate, blunt, tapering into the petiole, the
larger (8"'-3m long) with a few serratures towards the top, the smaller (3' '-1 long) quite

entire. — Urtica cuneifolia, Sw. ! . , , ,

•y. serralata, Wedd. Leaves lanceolate, tapering gradually into the subsessile or petioled
base, pointed or bluntish at the top, serrate beyond the middle (the larger 8 -G , the smaller
long). — Urtica serrulata, Siv.l Pilea cubensis, Wedd. I
Hab. Jamaica !, all collect., uncommon on rocks and in waste places ; [Cuba .J.

§ 2. Leaves 3 (-5)- nerved or triplinerved.

* Leaves quite entire ; cymes exceeded by the leaves. Stem straight, simple or few-
branched, somewhat contracted at the nodes.

49 p. nudicaulis, Wedd. Glabrous ; leaves linear-lanceolate or lanceolate, acumi-
nate 3-nerved, quite entire, shortly petioled : rhaphides on both sides divaricated, luiear ;
cymes dioecious, S peduncled, contracted, with the peduncle 2-3 times exceeded by the leaf,
o interruptedly spiciform, subsessile, as long as or exceeding the petiole.— Urtica, Sw. .
Stem erect, l'-2' high; leaves U"-2h" long.

a. Leaves linear-lanceolate, long-acuminate (3'''-6 broad).

13. lanceolata, Wedd. Leaves lanceolate (or the inferior ovate), pointed (6 bioad).

Urtica lanceolata, Poir. TT

Hab. Jamaica !, Sw. (a, j8), Mac/., on limestone rocks ; [Cuba !, Haiti].

.0 p Parietaria, Bl. Branches glabrous ; leaves elliptical-lanceolate or elliptical,
shortly acuminate, cuneate or rounded at the base, 3-nerved, quite entire, or repaud, usua y
glabrous above, subciliate, pubescent beneath or glabrate on the nerves : (one of the pau usuaUy
smaller ovate): rhaphides on the upper side punctitorm, none linear; cymes dimcious, J
contracted, minute, shortly peduncled usually exceeded by
exnauded, subsessile, as long as the petiole. -Urtica, L„ Sa. . Obs P;

Stein 2'-8' high, sulfrutescent, branched below ; larger .leaves 2 1 lonD 8 o broad,

smaller usually 6"'-4"' long, pointed : petiole 6"-4'" long.— Hab. Jamaica !, Pd., Bancr.,
Al Wils., common in the mountains, alt. 3000-4000 ; [Martinique].

L -p mliaris Wedd ! Stem glabrous ; leaves ovate or ovate-lanceolate, acuminate,

3 nLT ; J " ”’i rn '*m, earn, r*— 1-4 » H*- “ <■»

/“/'ri/ui,. m the under Me linear . c,m« a.drogynous or erp.oded

1 ini as lono’ as the elongated petiole. — Plum. Ed. Burm. t. 120../. 1. Leaves

5''dp" long V'-F broad: petiole 24"'-8'" long.- Hab. Jamaica!, Mac/, Wils., in moist
5 -is long,/ * „ , Mnrfininnp 1 Slab. Mart. 210

places ;

Dominicad, Z s' [&!, Martinique!, SM. Mart. 210, Venezuela!].

Leaves serrate, glabrous. Stem straight, simple or few-branched below.

*J- Cymes shortly peduncled, contracted .

p reticulata, Wedd. ! {exclus. syn. Sw.). Straight, glabrous ; leaves lanceolatc-
, f ' . , I minutely rounded at the base, triplinerved, remotely serrate only towards the
oblong, pointed, rhaphides linear on both sides; cymes dioecious, contracted,

tup -, serratures l. ru , P eoMSinbiform-brunchod, ? spiciform: peduncles in

twice exceeded by the slender J i0Ug, 12"'-8"' broad: petiole 8'»-4'"

URTICACE/E.

157

4G. P. sessiliflora, Wedd. ! Straight, glabrous : leaves elliptical, pointed, cuueate at
the base, 3-nerved (or triplinerved), serrate beyond the middle: serratures 'pointed: rha-
phides linear on the upper side (obsolete or none beneath) ; cymes monoecious, unisexual,
contracted, 4 times exceeded by the slender petiole, subsessile, corymbiform-branchcd, 3
superior, ? inferior. — Urtica, Sw. / U. variegata, Sprang. Pilea, Seem. I — Nearly allied
to the preceding; leaves 3"- 2" long, 18” -10'" broad: petiole 12"'~G'" long, dilated at the
top. — Hab. Jamaica I, Sw., Macf., Wils., Wullschl., in the central aud western districts ;
[Darien !] .

ff Cymes exserted, lax , long-peduncled.

47- P. semidentata, Wedd. Straight, glabrous ; leaves lanceolate or elliptical-lanceo-
late (the inferior smaller, elliptical), acuminate, triplinerved, minutely repand-serrulate be-
yond the middle : rhaphides linear on the upper side ; cymes dioecious , expanded, nearly
as long as the leaf, long-peduncled, $ few-clustercd, <j? many-branehed, branches filiform.
— Urtica, Poir. — Stem 1' high, somewhat succulent ; leaves 3"-4" long, 8"'-20'" broad,
callous on the margin ; lateral nerves disappearing in the arches towards the middle of the
lamina: petiole 4"'-6'" long. — Hab. Antigua!, Wullschl.; [Portorico, S. Thomas],

48. P. elegans, Wedd. Straight, glabrous ; leaves ovate-oblong, pointleted, or shortly
acuminate, triplinerved, repand-serrate with the base entire : serratures bluntish, spreading :
rhaphides linear, on the upper side ; cymes monoecious, unisexual, nearly as long as the leaf,
long-peduncled, <? contracted, undivided, ? expanded, many-branehed. — P. Goudotiana,
Wedd. ! — Stem 1' high ; leaves 3"-4" long, H"-l" broad, rounded or minntely subcordate
at the base : lateral nerves disappearing in the arches above the middle of the lamina : petiole
4"'-6"' long, twice as long as the oblong, deciduous stipules. — Hab. Dominica !, Imr. ;
[Guadeloupe to Venezuela ! and New Granada !].

49. P. densiflora, Ktli., Wedd. ! Straight, glabrous (or glabrescent on the leaves be-
neath) ; leaves oblong-lanceolate, lanceolate or elliptical, acuminate, 3-5-nerved (or shortly
triplinerved), coarsely crenate-serrale with the base entire: serratures pointed: rhaphides
linear usually on both sides ; cymes dioecious, expanded, as long as or exceeding the leaf,
long-peduncled (or the $ sometimes contracted aud equalling the petiole), many-branehed
in both sexes : the branches forming interrupted spikes. — Stem 3'-4' high, suffrutescent ;
leaves 5"-2" long, 24"'-8"/ broad, rounded or minutely cordate at the base : lateral nerves
(or first paii- of them) disappearing in the arches near the top of the lamina : petiole 8 '"-6"'
(12"'-2"?) long: stipules oblong-lanceolate, 4'" long ; $ flower- clusters diam. of a pea, 2
much smaller. Hab. Jamaica!, Al., Wils., March, Wullschl., common.

50. P. grandis, Wedd. / Straight, glabrous ; leaves large, ovate, pointleted, usually
minutely cordate at the base, triplinerved or 3-nerved , coarsely crenate with the base entire:
serratures rounded or bluntish : rhaphides small, linear, on both sides ; cymes dioecious,
(rarely monoecious, unisexual,) expanded, exceeding the petiole and exceeded by the leaf
long-peduncled, many-branehed in both sexes : the branches forming nearly contiguous
spikes .—SI. t. 83. /. 2.— Urtica grandifolia, L., ex cit. SI. {non Sw.).— Stem several
feet high, sufli utescent ; leaves 6" long, 3" broad : lateral nerves as in the preceding veins
straightish, prominulous ; petioles 2" long, nearly as long as the internodes; stipules’ large,
ovate-oblong, 10'" long; $ spikes oblong.— Hab. Jamaica !, Macf., Al., Pd., March, in
moist woods.

*** Leaves serrate , hispid, unequal . Ste?n branched , suffimtescent.

51. P. rufa, Wedd. I Branches rusty -hispid ; leaves elliptical or elliptical-lanceolate,
pointed sharply serrate, hispid with scattered hairs, triplinerved : one of the pair usually
roundish, subsessile : rhaphides linear on the upper side and much smaller ones beneath :
stipules roundish, spreading, persistent ; cymes androgynous, contracted, spiciform, shortly
th<i atlPules-—Urii”a, Sw. /—Stem ascending, V high ; larger leaves 18'"~S"' long,
8 -4 bread smaller 4' '-2" diam. : petiole 4"'-l"' long : stipules 2'" diam., rusty-mem-
branaceous. IIab. Jamaica!, Sw., Macf., in rocky hills.

158

URTICACR33.

**** Leaves serrate. Stem flaccid, usually creeping, with the herbaceous branches , or

upper part, lo w, ascending.

f Cymes contracted, subsessile.

52. P. radicans, Wedd. Scamfoent and radicant, ylabrous ; leaves ovate or ovate-ob-
long, bluntisb, cnneate at the entire base, obtusely serrate beyond it, triplinerved : serra-
tures 4-3 on each margin : rhaphides linear on the upper side, punctiform or obsolete be-
neath ■ cymes androgynous, contracted, few-flowered, subsessile.— Urtica, Sv>. /—Stem elon-
gated, many-b ranched : branches short; leaves 6"'-4 long, 3"'-2"' broad: petiole 1
long : stipules minute. — Hab. Jamaica!, Sw., Macf., Wile,, in high, moist forests, on trees.

53. P. Swartzii, Wedd. Stem and ‘branches ascending, glabrescent; leaves ovate,

pointed, or bluntish, dentate-serrate with the cuneate base entire, 3-nerved or triplinerved,
ciliate and with scattered hairs on the nerves : rhaphides inconspicuous, at length linear, on
both sides, or punctiform above ; petiole slender, pubescent ; cymes androgynous, contracted,
forming a single cluster, subsessile.— Urtica ciliata, Sw A Pilea, 31— Stem elongated, ra-
dicant along the creeping base ; leaves 8 -18' long, 4 12 broad : petiole 4 8 long .

stipules small, persistent. — Hab. Jamaica!, Sw., Wullschl m rocky woods; [_Cuba.J.

54 P nummular if olia, Wedd. Hairy; stem creeping, radicanl, elongated ; leaves
orbicular or oval-orbicular, crenate beyond the middle, 3-nerved : rhaphides large, linear, on
both sides; cymes in the uppermost axils, androgynous, contracted into a single cluster,
subsessile —SI t 131. f. 4; Act. Holm. 1787. t. 1. /. 2.— Urtica, Sw. /—Ascending
branches 3"-l" long ; leases 6"'-4w long, 6"'-3'" broad : petiole 4"-2 ' , stipules 1 long.
—Hab. Jamaica!, Sw., in mountain woods, among stones.

55 P d°pressa, 31. Glabrous (or glabrescent]; stem creeping, radicant, short;
leaves cuneate-orbicular, crenate beyond the middle, 3-nerved: rhaphides linear m the
under and near the margin of the upper side, minute and chiefly punctiform ones within the
same margin ; “cymes in the uppermost axil, dioecious, contracted, sessile. —Urtica Sw. .
—Stem 3 -4" long ; leaves 4"' diam. : petiole 1"' : stipules persistent, spreading, oblong,
1"' long— Hab. Jamaica!, Sw., rare, among grasses; [Haiti].

ft Cymes contracted or few-branched, peduncled.

56 P. rotundata, Gr. (n. sp.). Stem short, simple, ascending, glabrous haves ovate-
roundish, obtusely pauciserrate beyond the middle, 3-nerved, glabrous beneath : ^haP^ldes
linear conspicuous chiefly on the upper side, crowded near the margin ; cymes in the upper-
most ’axils unisexual, contracted, peduncled : peduncle equalling the petiole or the leaf.
Habit of a small Peperomia. Stem creeping below, radicant from the

anhvllous nodes 4"-l" long, delicate, leafy at the ascending summit ; leaves 8 -2£ diam.,
broadly rounded, subtruncate at the base and somewhat contracted into the petiole, delicately
membranaceous, glaucous beneath, with a few pellucid hairs on the upper side, or quite

.bout 3 «„ «* »»»;. top tl»» Zritipu s

fete • lateral nerves disappearing in the middle of the lamina : petiole 6 -1 long . stipules
diarn^ roundish, persistent ; «? cymes glomeruliform, 2'" diam., hairy, ? unkuown.-
Hab. Jamaica 1, JFils., Wullschl.

57 P renens Wedd. ! Stem creeping, radicant, hairy (or glabrescent) ; leaves ovate-
rouldhh cr mate-serrate, with the base entire, 3-nerved, hairy chiefly on .the nerves beneath

(rarelv glabrescent) : rhaphides linear, conspicuous chiefly on the upper side ; cymes andro-
frareiy giaoreso ; i nr few-branched peduncled: peduncle equalling the

• 53 P insequalis, Wedd. Stem short, ascending, hairy above, or glabrescent , leaves

URTICACEjE.

159

6. f. 1-6. — Stem of P. rotundata , but usually larger, the ascending part 6"-2" long ; leaves
l*"-r long, 15 '"-4"' broad : petiole 10"'-2"' long : stipules ovate, blunt, V" long, per-
sistent.— Hab. Jamaica!, Al., Wullschl., on river-banks; Trinidad!, Cr. ; [Portorico, S.
Thomas].

59. P. laxa, IFedd.! Glabrescent; stem ascending, branched; leaves ovate, pointed
or pointleted, coarsely and acutely serrate, with the base entire, 3-nerved : rhapkidcs linear,
on the upper side ; cymes dioecious, $ contracted, ? few -branched, expanded : peduncles
long, equalling the petiole or the leaf. — Urtica, Sw. ! — Stem 5'— i-' high, often branched from
the base, usually glabrous; leaves 3"— J-" long, 24",-3'" broad : petiole 12"'-2'" long: sti-
pules broadly oblong, 2"'-l long, persistent. — Hab. Jamaica !, Pd., Wils., March, in moist
woods; [Haiti!].

ft t Cymes expanded, peduncled.

60. P. ovalis, Gr. (n. sp.). Stem hairy, short, ascending; leaves oval, rounded at the
top, obtusely serrate with the base entire, 3-5-nerved, glabrous beneath, with scattered, pellucid
hairs on the upper side : rhaphides linear, on the under side ; cymes androgynous, expanded,
shortly peduncled, exceeding the petiole. — Stem creeping, and radicant at the base, 4"-6"
high, aphyllous below, leafy at the top ; leaves membranaceous, 16m— 12"1 long, 12'"— 6'"
broad, ciliate, devoid of rhaphides on the upper, hairy side : petiole 4"'-2w long : stipules
broadly oblong, blunt, 2"' long, persistent; cymes pyramidal, 12"'-Ci"' long: peduncle nearly
as long as the petiole ; achenium minute, obliquely ovate-roundish — Hab. Trinidad !, Cr.,
near Gaspari.

61. P. pubescens, Liebm., Wedd.l Hairy (or nearly glabrate) ; branches ascending
from a creeping stem ; leaves large, ovate, pointed, or bluntish at the top, coarsely serrate,
with the base entire, 3-nerved : rhaphides small, linear-, on both sides ; cymes androgynous
(or unisexual), corymbi form-paniculate, long-peduncled, usually equalling the leaves. — Mart.
FI. Bras. 12. t. 68. — Urtica grandifolia, Sw. I U. involucrata, Sims. Pilea diffusa, Gr.
Carib. (non TFedd.). P. fuscata , Liebm. P. acuminata, Liebm.! P. grossecreuata, Miq.
— Herbaceous branches 8f,-12" long ; leaves 3' -2" long, subcordate or broadly cuneate at
the base : petiole usually 1" long : stipules 4"'-2w long, subcordate-ovate, spreading, per-
sistent ; cymes often 3" diam. — Hab. Jamaica!, Sw., List.; Dominica!, Imr. ; S. Lucia !,
Anders. ; [Mexico ! to Brazil!].

62. P. diffusa, Wedd. Stem suffrutescent, diffuse, glabrous ; leaves ovate, pointed or
bluntish, serrate with the base entire, 3-nerved, glabrescent or pubescent on the nerves be-
neath : rhaphides linear, on both sides; cymes androgynous, expanded, umbelliform, pedun-
cled : peduncle usually as long as the leaf. — Urtica, Sw. ! — This is distinguished from the
preceding by the woody stem, smaller leaves, and chiefly by the small cymes ; leaves 1 2n,-8"'
long : petiole 4'" long : stipules ovate, blunt, contiguous at the base, persistent, l$ln long ;
cymes about 4W diam. — Hab. Jamaica!, Sw., Wullschl., in rocky situations.

ttft Cymes expanded, sessile.

63. P. hyalina, Fzl. Stem glabrous, erect ; leaves ovate, or ovate-roundish, pointed,
coarsely serrate, with the base entire, 3-nerved, glabrous, or with a few pellucid hairs on the
upper side: rhaphides linear on both sides ; cymes androgynous, expanded , forming sessile
verticillastra, exceeded by the petiole; achenium minute, ovate, blunt. — Mart. FI. Bras. 12.
t. 69. — Urtica pumila, Euphras.l (non L.). — Nearly allied to P. pumila, As. Gr., of the
United States, the achenium of which however is much longer and conical. Root fibrous :
no creeping base ; stem 12"-4" long ; leaves 1" long, often shorter than the petiole : stipules
obsolete ; cymes many-branehed, nearly from all axils ; achenium i"' long. — Hab. S. Kitts !,
Euphrasen ; [Mexico to Brazil !].

Subtribe 3. BOM! M Eli / E/E. — Calyx of $ contracted at the 2-4 -dentate (or entire)
top, or none. — No stinging hairs. Stem usually woody.

14. BCEHMER1A, Jacq.

Calyx d 4(-3-5)-partite, $ tubular, 2-4-dentate. Stigma filiform, persistent, hairy on

160

URTICACE/E.

stipules axillary ; flower-clusters in interrupted, spikes or axil-

one side. — Leaves 3 -nerved
/ary, exinvolucrate.

64. B. caudata, Sw. Leaves opposite, large, ovate (or lanceolate), pointleted or
pointed, crenate-serrate, scabrous above, pubescent beneath: stipules distinct; spikes axil-
lary, simple, elongated, flexuose, nodding, as long as or exceeding the leaves, dioecious ;

9 calyx at length compressed, margiuate. — Mart. FI. Bras. 12. t. 64, 66. — A shrub,
3'-15' high ; leaves 10"-6" long, long-petioled.— Hab. Jamaica!, all coll., in mountain-
valleys ; [Mexico ! to New Granada 1 and Brazil !].

65. B. cylindrica, IF. Leaves opposite (rarely alternate), ovate or oblong-lanceolate,
acuminate, crenate-serrate, glabrescent .- stipules distinct; spikes axillary, simple (rarely
branched), often leafy at the top, spreading -erect, exceeded by the leaves, usually, andro-
gynous: the clusters unisexual ; 9 calyx compressed, thickly margined.— SI. 1. 82 /. 2;
Wedd. Monogr. Urt. t. 11./. 18— Urtica, L. U. reticulata, Sw. I : a broad-leaved form
with branched spikes. B. litoralis, Sw. ! : a narrow-leaved form.— Stem 2-3 high, suftru-
tescent or herbaceous ; leaves 3,r-6,r loug. — Hab. Jamaica !, M'Nab, Al March ; rrimdad
Cr. ; [Canada! to Texas ! ; Cuba!, New Granada!, Brazil !, Uruguay !].

66. B. ramiflora, Jacq. Leaves alternate, obliquely ovate-obloug or lanceolate, acu-
minate, often pointleted, serrate, hairy or nearly glabrescent, alternately of unequal growth:
the two lateral nerves of unequal length: stipules elongated, distinct ; flower-clusters la-
teral or axillary, unisexual, monoecious, forming interrupted spikes below the leafy top of the
branchlets; $ calyx 3-androus, 9 at length biconvex. Jacq.Amer. Pict.t. 236.— -A shrub,
6'-8' hio-h ; larger leaves 3''-12", smaller l"-5" long, the latter shorter petmled.— Hab. Ja-
maica !,°all coll. ; Dominica !, Imr. ; S. Vincent !, Guild.; Trinidad !, Cr.

15. PHENAX, Wedd.

Calyx $ 3-5-lobed, 9 none. Stigma filiform, at length deciduous.— Leaves alternate,
Z{-U)-nerved: stipules lateral ; flower-clusters axillary, surrounded by bracts.

67 Ph urticifolius, Wedd. ! Pubescent; leaves ovate, pointed, dentate-serrate
usualiy rugose, punctate on the upper side; flower-clusters androgynous, globose :, exceeded
by the subulate stipules : bracts ovate; $ calyx 4-lobed, 4-androus, campauulate, devoid
of a transverse plida.-Wedd. Monogr. Urt. t. 16 J.— Bcehineria, Pers B hirta S^.
Ph lmvigatus, Wedd. Ph. haitiensis, Wedd. — A shrub or suffrutescent herb, 2 8 high,
leaves 4»-2" long ; flower-clusters 4"' diam.— Hab. Jamaica !, Pel., Wils., in mountain-
woods at 4000' alt. ; [Mexico !, Venezuela !, NewGrauada! to Bolivia/

68 Ph. vul-aris, Wedd. Hispidulous with scattered hairs, or glabrescent ; leaves
ovate-lanceolate or ovate, acuminate, serrate with the base entire, membranaceous, subci-
liate • flower-clusters androgynous, small, equalling the subulate stipules : exterior bracts
numerous, oval or roundish, ciliate, 9 ones sheathing; $ calyx 5 -4-lobed, 5-4-androus :
lobes indexed with a transverse plica; achenium ovate punted, muncate.— Panetena
Sonneratii Poir. Gesnouinia bcehmerioides, Miq — Stem 3 -4 high, herbaceous or suffru-
tescentf leaves 3"-H" long ; flower-clusters 2'" diam.-tlAB. Trinidad!, Cr.; [Martinique,

Brazil].

16. ROUSSELIA, Gaud. __

Flowers $ cymose, exinvolucrate, 9 in 2-flowered, 2-bracteate heads. Calyx $ 4-
nartite 9 ventricose, 2-4-dentate, at length compressed, margined, accrescent to the
|,ract ’ Stigma filiform, deciduous.— A diffuse, creeping herb ; leaves alternate, quite en-
tire: stipules lateral ; inflorescence axillary, monoecious: 9 bracts quite entire, bearing
uncinate hairs.

69 B. lappulacea, Gaud— Wedd. Monogr. TJrt. t. 18 7).— Urtica, Sw.. Leaves
ovate nointed 8"'-3"' long, puberulous or glabrate ; S cymes shortly pcduuclcd, + he.
in the uppermost axils, sesIZ-HAB. Jamaica !, Sw.,Al., Wils., Wullschl., common among

stones ; Dominica 1, Imr.; [Haiti, S. Thomas]

Cannabis saliva, L., has been introduced into Jamaica.

POLYGONE/E.

161

LYII. P0LYG0NEJ1.

Floioers apetalous : calyx usually corolline. Stamens definite, perigynous. Ovary reduced,
1-eclled: ovule single, basilar, atropous; styles 2-3 (-4). Endosperm amylaceous. — Leaves
entire : stipular sheaths (ochrea) above the swollen joints of the stem.

The sap is often acid : a colonial substitute for the Sorrel is the cultivated Hum ex ve-
sicarius, L. (Desc. FI. 7. t. 494). The American Kino is a powerful astringent, prepared
from Coccoloba uvifera. Several Coccoloba species are timber trees, esteemed for the tough-
ness of their wood : the fruit in the same genus, called Seaside Grape, is eatable, but astringent.

1. POLYGONUM, L.

Calyx 5 (-3) -partite, marcescent. Stamens 8 (7-4). Styles 3-2. Aclienium 3-angular
or biconvex. Embryo curved around one side of the albumen. — Herbs ; pedicels jointed;
racemes spiciform in the West Indian species.

1 . P. acre, Kth. Stem glabrous ; leaves lanceolate, acuminate, ciliolate, pellucid-
dotted: ochrese tubular, ciliate ; racemes erect, slender, interrupted below ; calyx dotted
with glands ; stamens 8 ; styles 3 ; achenium 3-angular, shining. — Mart. FI. Bras. 14. t.
?■ Flowers pale : pedicels at length exserted. — Hab. Jamaica \, I)ist., March, Wullschl.,
in wet places ; Dominica !, Trinidad !, Cr. ; [Pennsylvania !-to Buenos Ayres !].

2. P. acuminatum, Kth. Stem pubescent, glabrate ; leaves lanceolate or oblong-
lanceolate, acuminate, tapering at the base, inserted above the base of the tubular, strigillose
ochrea, which is long-ciliate ; racemes erect, slender ; calyx eglandular ; stamens 6 (8—5) ;
styles 2, cohering below ; achenium biconvex, shining. — Mart. 1. c. t. 4. — P. barbatum,
Mey.l Essen, (non I.). Leaves elongated; bristles of the ochreEe appressed : its fringes
stout, 6'"-8"' long.— Hab. Jamaica !, Pd., March, in lagoons ; Trinidad !, Pd., Cr. ; [Mexico !
to Buenos Ayres ! ; Galapagos !].

3. P. glabrum, W. Perfectly glabrous ; leaves lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate, acu-
minate, petioled : the petiole inserted above the base of the tubular ochrea , which is devoid
of fringes ; racemes erect, slender ; calyx eglandular ; stamens 6-8 ; styles 2-3 ; achenium
biconvex or 3-angular, shining.— Wight, Ic. 5. t. 1799.— Flowers rose-coloured.— Hab.
Bahamas \, Swains. ; Jamaica!, Macf, List.-, [Louisiana! to Brazil ! and Uruguay; Pacific
Islands !, East Indies!, China !].

2. COCCOLOBA, Jacq.

Calyx 5-fid or 5-partite, at length fleshy and accrescent to the achenium. Stamens 8 (-12).
Styles 3. Embryo axile, straight, enclosed within the ruminate endosperm : cotyledons fo-
haceous. Moody plants ; flowers racemose or spicate : pedicels jointed.

Sect. 1. Eucoccoloba. Achenium wholly enclosed within the calyx.— Leaves leathery,
inserted into the back of the ochrea.

§ 1. Flowers pedicellate : pedicels exceeding the bracts, jointed below the top.

Calyx 5 -partite ; ochrea: spreading.

v t ’ ,C' .^V?fera’. JacP Jjeaves cordate-orbicular, often broader than long, glabrous, po-
ished, with the primary veins prominulous on both sides : ochrea glabrate ; racemes simple,
'7l',,l0dd!nS :c Pcdicds fasciculate, jointed about the middle, longer than the flower;
ber y obov0!d. t 220. f 3-5; Jacq. Amer. Piet. t. 110; Peso. FI. 2. t. 77.— A
branched, m.ddle-sizcd or large tree ; leaves 6"-3" long, 7"-3" broad, shortly petioled : tcr-

S“7 om'L'n P” l0USA ™ccmcs 618" l0DS 5 calyx W" diam., whitish ; berry dark-
Antirmoi W7 °/7 .akamas ^ Swains. ; Jamaica!, M., common on sandy shores ;

Antigim., Wullschl. ; S. Vincent !, Guild. ; Trinidad!, Sieb. ; [Florida to Guiana !].

r ‘ P^,bescens> ,L- . Leaves cordate-orbicular, subsessile, glabrescent and rugose
aoove jrom the immersed veins, rusty -pubescent beneath, chiefly on the reticulated, prominu-

M

162

POLYGONEili.

lous veins : ochrefe rusty-villous ; racemes simple : pedicels fasciculate, longer than the flower ;
berry “ ovoid-oblong.”— Bot. Mag. t. 3166.— A high, few-hranched tree; leaves with a lax
network of veins, 2,r— Gf/ diam. : petiole thick, 2,w— 3,f/ long, adnatc to the spreading, slioi t
oclirea ; flowers small, gi'eenish. — Hab. Antigua!, Wullschl., in mountain-woods ; [1 reuch
islands !, Guiana !] .

6. C. latifolia, Lam. Leaves roundish , glabrous: primary and secondary veins im-
mersed above , prominulous benealli : ochrero split, rounded : racemes compound : pedicels
about as long as the flower, jointed above the middle; berry “ovoid ."—Mart. FI. Bras. 14.
t. 19. — A high tree; leaves 24"-8" diam., shortly petioled : tertiary veins not prominulous ;
branches of the terminal panicle simple, spreading-erect ; calyx 1"', berry “ 3 long —
Hab. Trinidad !, Loclch., in woods; [Guiana !].

** Calyx 5 -fid ; ochreee tubular.

7. C. leoganensis, Jacq. Leaves roundish or ovate-roundish, blunt or obtusate,
cordate or rounded at the base, glabrous, polished on both sides with the primary veins slightly
prominulous beneath; racemes simple, virgatc : pedicels single or teruate, jointed below the

top about as long as the flower, calyx-tube turbinate ; stamens exserted ; berry —

Jacq. Amer. Piet. t. 260./. 30 : a leaf.— C. flavescens, Jacq. {ib.t. 112 : with giobose pur-
ple berries), is probably a narrow-leaved form of the same.— A shrub ; leaves 5 2 diam. .

petiole 4'" long : ochrete tubular, deciduous; racemes peduncled, 6 -4 long : pedicels un-
equal, exceeding the bracts ; calyx IV" diam., 5-fid to the middle.— KaB. Jamaica ., Pd.,
March , Wils., on rocks near the sea ; [Haiti].

8 C. tenuifolia, L. {ex syn. P. Br.), Lam. Leaves small, elliptical, pointed (rarely
bluntish), rounded or subacute at the base, glabrous : veins reticulated, slightly prominulous
chiefly beneath; racemes simple, or 2-3-partite, erect: pedicels single, jointed belouMe
ton somewhat shorter than the flower ; calyx-tube ovato-comcal ; stamens exserted , beny
“ 3-angular.” — Br. Jam. t. 14. /. 3.— Linnmus’s observation m Amcen. Acad does not
agree with Browne’s plant, but may partly be ^ referred to C. nivea, Jacq Allied to C.
cubensis Meisn. !, which has however smaller flowers. A low tree; leaves 3 2 long,
20"'-12'" broad : petiole 8"'-4"' long : ochre® 6'"-4m long, veinless, somewhat lax, deci-
duous ; racemes shortly peduncled, 4"-2" long : pedicels H’" long, mud h exserte. 1, horizon al ;
calyx 2'" long: tube longer than the lobes.— Hab. Jamaica!, Al., Maicli, m the lull},
interior districts.

5 2 Flowers very shortly pedicellate : pedicels equalling the minute bracts, jointed at the
base; calyx 'b-fid ; ochrece tubular, loose.

9 C Plumieri, Gr. Leaves broadly ovate-oblong, bluntish, usually cordate at the
base glabrous : primary veins prominulous, chiefly beneath ; racemes compound at the base :
branches elongated, J, spreading, or nodding : flower,

nmniprl nf the base • berry large, ovate-conical. Plum. Pel. Burm. t. 11 • • » 1
Swrntf but an uncertain Synonym from its spikes being simple.-C exconata, Sw. {non
\ ‘ \ ’ Alliprl to C vaniculata Meisn., but leaves larger and perfectly glabrous. An

excoriated , leave. l««g, MW = ..conJory

arborescent snruo veinless, truncate, deciduous ; panicle

4 ri-3-" «--*»• i— i. *■»».

in mountain-woods.

§ 3. Flowers pedicellate : pedicels jointed at the top.

* Calyx 5-/(2; pedicels exceeding the minute bracts.

in C Zebra Gr. In. sp.). Leaves broad-elliptical, bluntish or apiculate, rounded or
1° C. J ' lal)r0U8 ponsked above: primary veins prominulous

minutely Riccis jointed at the top; calyx-tube ovate- scmiglobosc ;

i .nldnTdcd ilry large, ovate-conical.- Allied to C. launfoha, Jacq A very
Hr^tLiterfreetwood Tarieg^ed ; leaves 8"-5" long, 5"-3" broad, somewhat shining:

POLYGONEiE.

163

petiole 12,"-8"' long : ochrete oppressed, striated, G,H-8'" long ; racemes subsessile, 4"-2$"
long: pedicels single, distant, spreading, or ceruuous, 2'" long; calyx-tube 2'" diam., longer
than tho rounded lobes, pubcrulous ; stamens short ; styles exserted ; berry 8'" long, 6' '-4'"
diam. : nchenium fibrous: interior testa-projections numerous. — Hab. Jamaica!, Wils.,
March , in woods.

11. C. diversifolia, Jacq. Leaves ovate-oblong or oblong-lanceolate, acuminate ,
cordate or roundish at the base (rarely ovate or bluntish), glabrous : veins densely reticu-
lated, prominu/ous on both sides ; racemes simple, elongated, ascending : pedicels jointed at
the top , about as long as the llower; calyx-tube ovate, often pubescent ; stamens subincluded ;
berry ellipsoidal or suby/obose, striated, obtusate with the bluntly conical calyx-limb. —
Jacq. rimer. Piet. t. 113 : the berry does however not agree. — G. punctata, Lun. ( non
Jacq.). — A shrub, about 15' high, often rusty-pubescent on the branchlets, racemes, and
ochrere ; leaves variable, 12"-5" long, 4"-2'' broad: petiole 12'"— 6'" long : ochreje ap-
pressed ; racemes 12"-4" long : pedicels single or geminate, 2"'-l'" long ; calyx white, 5-fid
to the middle, 21" long ; berry dark-red, keeled by promiuulous ribs, 4'" long, 3"'-2' 1 diam. :
limb 2-3 times shorter than the accrescent portion. — Hab. Jamaica !, Al., March, Wullschl. ;
Antigua!, Tfu/lschl.; [Haiti, French islands !].

** Calyx 5 -partite ; pedicels not exserted beyond the bracts.

12. C. creseentiifolia, Cham. Leaves large, obovate-oblong or elliptical-oblong,
bluntish, tapering towards the base, glabrous, polished: primary veins immersed above,
prominulous beneath: ochrece spreading; racemes compound at the base, or simple:
pedicels ternate or single, as long as the bracts ; berry “ ovoid-globose.” — Mart. FI. Bras. 1 4.
1. 8: racemes less compound than in our specimen. — 'Leaves 1 0"-6" long, 4"-3" broad :
petiole 1^"-1" long. — Hab. Trinidad !, Loclch., common in woods; [Brazil],

13. C. guianensls, Meisn. Leaves broadly ovate, bluntish, or elliptical and oblong-
lanceolate, subcordate or rounded at the base, glabrous : veins reticulated and prominulous
on both sides : ochrese spreading ; racemes simple : pedicels geminate or single, nearly as long
as the bracts; berry ovate-conical, pointed. — Mart. FI. Bras. 14. t. 10. — Leaves 5"— 3" long,
3''-2" broad: petiole 8 '"-4"' long; berry striated, 3"' long, 2"' diam. : upper portion
gradually tapering into the limb.— Hab. Trinidad!, Cr.; [Guiana].

§ 4. Flowers sessile, jointed with the racliis.

14. C. punctata, L. Leaves ovate, elliptical, or oblong, glabrous : veins densely
reticulated and prominulous on both sides : ochrese tubular, entire ; spikes simple, virgate
(rarely compound) : bracts 1(— 3) -flowered, enclosing the base of the 5-partite calyx ; berry
ovoid-globose, abruptly crowned with the foliaceous calyx-limb.-— Jacq. Amer. Fid. t. 114.

C. eoronata, Jacq. 0. microstachya, W. C. diversifolia, ILook. ! — Very variable in the
leaf-form (a, y, and 5 agreeing however perfectly in the fruit), so that several other West
Indian Coccoloba cannot be distinguished, as long as their fruit is unknown, viz. 0. barba-
densis, Jacq. C. rotundifolia, Klolzschiana, and Swarlzii, Meisn. — A shrub, 10-20' hit'll ;
spikes subsessile: flowers white; stamens exserted; berry purple, 3"'-2'" loug, 2%’"-2"f
diam. : crown, formed of oblong, erect or spreading segments, V" high and broarh
i ’i leaves ovate-oblong, acuminate, rounded or subcordate at the base (8"-3"
long, 3 -2" broad) : petiole often pubescent.

/3. barbadensis, Jacq. [.caves ovate- roundish, with a bluntish point, subcordate or
roundish at the base (5"-4" long, 3"-2*" broad).— Jacq. Obs. t. 8.

, „ ,7 ' 0 if \cr03laj^l/^ ; w- Leaves ovate or elliptical, blunt, rounded or bluntish at the base
(o -3" long, 4"-2" broad).

5. parvtfolia. Leaves elliptical, pointed at both cuds, rarely rounded at tho base (4"~2"
long, i -\ broad).

Hab. Jamaica!: all collect. (7, rarely /3, 5); Antigua!, Wullschl. (o, 5) ; [Swedish
and French islands !, Venezuela]. v ’ ' L

Sect. 2. Leucomeiaena. — Achenium protruding beyond the calyx-limb. — Leaves
papery-membranaceous, inserted into the base of the ochrea.

1 J. C. nivea, Jacq. Leaves papery, elliptical or elliptical-oblong, tapering and pointed

M 2

164

PIPERACEyE.

at both ends, or minutely rounded at the base : primary veins immersed above, prominulous
beneath, tertiary ones slightly prominulous on both sides : ochre* split; spikes simple, virgate:
flowers glomerate : bracts enclosing the base of the sessile, 5-partite calyx ; berry “ ovoid,
exceeded by the conical top of the achenium.” — Jacq. Amer. Picl. t. 115. Desc. FL 3.
t. 352. — C. excoriata, Jacq. — A branched tree, 20'-30' high; leaves f -A" long, 24"-2"
broad: petiole 6"'-4"' long; spikes 3 "-4" long, usually nodding at the top: flowers
yellowish ; stamens exserted; berry “ 2\,u long, white, with the protruding achenium-top
black.” — Hab. Jamaica (Sw.) ; Antigua 1, Wullschl.; [Portorico !, French islands !].

Antigonon leptopus, Hook. Aim., is a cultivated plant in Jamaica.

LVIII. PIPERACEiE.

Flowers naked, amentaceous. Ovary simple : ovule single, basilar, atropous. Embryo
minute, enclosed within the persistent embryo-sac, lying at the top of amylaceous perisperm.
— Leaves quite entire.

Aromatic, pungent properties are universal in this Order : of the famous East- Indian
Piperacem, Piper nigrum (the common Pepper : Desc. FI. 6. t. 424), Cubeba, officinalis, Miq.
(Desc. FI. 6. t. 429), and Chavica Betle, Miq. (the Betel-pepper), are cultivated in the West
Indies. Several species afford Colonial medicines, e. g. Artanthe Brcdemeyeri, Ottonia
Vahlii.

1. PEPEROMIA, B. P.

Brads peltate. Stamens 2, lateral to tlie ovary. Ovary sessile: stigma penicillate or
minute. Pericarp thin. — Herbs ; leaves usually succulent } exstipulate.

§ 1. Leaves alternate, pahnatinerved.

* Stigma sessile on the top of the ovary.
f Delicate, creeping, radicant herbs ; fruit subsessile, devoid of a beak.

1. P. nummularifolia, Klh. Puberulous or glabrate ; stem elongated, filiform, radi-
cant; leaves alternate, orbicular, convex-concave, fleshy, cihate, obsoletely 3 -nerved : anthers
subsessile ; stigma minute ; fruit ovoid, subsessile.— Miq. PI. Eockean. t. 2.— -Piper, Sw.
Acrocarpidium, Miq. ! — Stem creeping to indefinite length : amentiferous branches usually
l"-U"long; hairs scattered, curved; leaves 4"'-3"' diam. ; aments 6"-8" long.— Hab.
Jamaica !, Bancr., March, IFils., to Trinidad!: Sieb. Tr. 16, in moist places and on trees;
[Cuba !, and Mexico to Brazil !].

2 P. exilis Or. Stem liair -like, glabrous, radicant; leases alternate, orbicular, flat,
membranaceous! glabrous, ciliate with long distant hairs, obsoletely 3 -nciwedjlilaments
distinct; stigma minute; fruit ovoid, subsessile— Acrocarpidium, Miq Stem diffuse,
flexuose, several inches long : amentiferous branches as long as the ament ; leaves 2 diam.,
pellucid, devoid of black dots; aments 6 -4 long.— Hab. Jamaica., Jills.; Timidad!,
Or. ; [Portorico!].

3 P rotundifolia, Klh. Stem puberulous or glabrate, elongated filiform, radicant ;
leaves alternate, oval, or the inferior oval-roundish, flat, glabrescent, dotted beneath with
reddish points, obsoletely 3-nerved; anthers subsessile; stigma minute; ovary ovoich
Piner L Sw. Observ. Peperomia Vincentiana, Miq. I {non Acroc. rotundifohum, Ej.).
Nearly allied to P. nummularifolia, but the amentiferous branches longer and most leaves
4"'-5;" lon°-, 2"'-3"' broad, their marginal bristles rather more distant at length disappcar-
ing.-IlAB? Jamaica (Sw.), among mosses, on trees and stones; Antigua., Wullschl.;
Dominica !, Irnr. , S. Vincent !, Guild.; [Venezuela!].

4 P. cordifolia, Dietr. Stem glabrous, filiform, radicant ; leaves alternate, obcordatc,
flat-convex glabrescent, cciliatc, obsoletely 3-nervcd; anthers subsessile ; stigma minute ;
fruit ovoid’ subsessile— Piper, Sw. Acrocarpidium, Mg. /—Stem creeping to ^definite
length • leaves 7"'-4'" long, 5"'-4"' broad, retuse at the top, broadly cuneate or rounded at
the base ; aments shortly peduncled, 8'"- 10"' loug.-IlAB. Jamaica !, Macf, March, litis.,
Wullschl., in moist woods, and on trees or stones ; Dominica ., Inn .

6. P. serpens, Loud. “ Glabrous ; stem filiform, radica.it ; leaves alternate, rein form-

PIPERACE2E.

165

roundish, with a very short, blunt point, flat, eciliate (6'" broad) ; anthers subsessile ; stigma
punctiform; fruit ovate, poiuted, sessile.” — Miq. III. t. 1 ,fig. sup. — Piper, Sw. Verhuellia,
Miq. V. elegaus, Miq. — Hab. Jamaica (Sw.), among mosses, on stones, in the mountains.

tt Stem low, simple, or few-branched ; fruit stipitate.

6. P. tenella, Dietr. Stem glabrescent, simple or simply divided, ascending ; leaves

alternate, ovate-oblong, obtusate, glabrous, ciliate towards or at the top, flat, obsoletely
3-nerved ; iilaments distinct ; stigma penicillate ; fruit elliptical, tapering at both ends,
glabrous, shortly stipitate. — Piper, Sw. Acrocarpidium, Miq. — Stem 2"-3" long beyond
the aphyllous, filiform, radicant base ; leaves delicate, shortly petioled, long,

broad; aments terminal, solitary, shortly peduncled, 10"'-12'"long. — Hab. Jamaica!, Wils.,
among mosses, on trees, in the mountains ; [Cuba !].

7. P. hispidula, Slot. “Stem glabrous, simply divided, suberect, (2//-3// long);
leaves alternate, roundish, emarginate at the base, with scattered hairs above, glabrous
beneath ; filaments very short ; fruit roundish, tapering at both ends, hispid, stipitate.” —
Sw. Ic. Ind. Occ. t. 4. — Piper, Sw. — Hab. Jamaica (Sw.), in moist woods, on the highest
peaks of the Blue Mountains; [Martinique].

Iff Stem branched ; fruit sessile ( rarely subsessile ).

8. P . pellucida, Kth., Miq. ! Glabrous, pellucid-membranaceous ; stem diffuse ;
leaves alternate, subcordate-deltoid, pointed, 5-7-nerved; flowers at length distant : bracts
oblong, deciduous ; filaments distinct ; stigma penicillate ; fruit, roundish or ovoid, bluntish,
sessile. — Desc. FI. 3. t. 226. — Piper, L. — Stem delicate, usually spithameous ; leaves 10'"-
14m diam., long-petioled ; aments terminal and axillary, shortly peduucled, 1"— 2" loDg. —
Hab. Jamaica!, March, Wils., to Trinidad !, Schach ; [Panama ! to Brazil !].

9. P. acuminata, Miq.! (non R. P.). Glabrous, succulent; stem erect, branched;
leaves alternate, thin, elliptical, pointed, bluntish at the top, 5-nerved, black-dotted beneath .-
petiole short, channelled, sheathing ; stigma minute ; fruit globose, sessile, with a very short,
straight mucro. 11. P. FI. t. 51 6’.— Piper, L., Sw. Pep. obliqua, R. P. P. Hamiltoniaua,
Miq. !, a form with small, bluntish leaves.— Stem 8' -12" high ; leaves 2i"-l" long, ]
broad, ovate at the base ; aments shortly peduncled, 3"-5" long. — Hab. Jamaica!, Macf,
Wils., March; Antigua!, Wullschl.; Dominica !, Itnr. ; [Cuba ! to Peru !] .

10. P. dendrophila, Schlecht. Glabrous, succulent ; stem diffuse ; leaves alternate,
thin, ovate-lanceolate or elliptical-lanceolate, acuminate, bluntish at the point, tapering
into the short petiole, triplinerved with two accessory veins, devoid of black dots ; stigma
minute; fruit globose, sessile, with a very minute, somewhat oblique mucro.— Miq. III. 1. 7.

I3>l)ei] tenuiiioruin, lib. B/cs. — Habit of the preceding, but more diffuse ; leaves l£"-4"
long, i -1J" broad ; aments shortly peduncled, 18"'-6" long. — Hab. Jamaica !, Al. Wils.
March , Wullschl on trees; [Cuba!, probably to Brazil].

11- P. glabella, Dietr. Glabrous, succulent; stem scandent or radicant, diffuse, with
divergent branches ; leaves alternate, ovate or ovate-lanceolate, pointed or acuminate,
rounded or shortly cuneate at the base, triplinerved with two accessory veins, covered on both
sides with black dots : petiole narrow ; stigma minute ; fruit ovoid-globose, with a short,
oblique mucro.— Piper, Sw. I P. distachyou, Sieb. Mart. G (non L.). Pepcromia nigro-
punctata, Afjjr. / Stem black-dotted, more flaccid than in the two preceding species ; leaves
smaller, 1 -2 long, 6 -12"' (-4'") broad ; aments shortly peduncled, l"-4" long. — IIab.
Jamaica \, Al, March, Wils., Wullschl., common in woods, on trees and walls ; Antigua !,
Nichols., Wullschl.; Trinidad!, Or.; [Cuba!, French islands!].

12. P. lurtella, Miq. 1 Puberulous, succulent; stem ascending, branched; leaves
alternate, thin, ovate or elliptical, pointed or bluntish, 3 -nerved, black-dotted beneath:
nairs short, usually curved : petiole narrow ; stigma terminal ; fruit subglobose, sessile, blunt.

cm 1 high; leaves H"-l" loug, 10'"-0'" broad; aments shortly peduucled, 4"-l"
long.— uab. Dominical, Imr., in mountain-woods ; [Venezuela!].

Stigma minute, on the anterior side of the subulate ovary-beak.

Jim*- r,epe"B> Puberulous, succulent; stem creeping, with the low branches

mg, eaves alternate, thin, deltoid-roundish, blunt, 5-nerved, devoid of black dots,

166

PIPERACEjE.

glnbrescent beneath; aments short, nearly as long as the peduncles and petioles ; ovary
bealced : stigma anterior ; fruit oblong -cylindrical , subsessile : beak linear. Linn. Trans-
act. 9. t. 21. f. 2. — Piper bracteatum, T/iomps. Pep. reniformis, Hook. ! Acrocarpidium
repens, Miqj and Guildingianum, Miq. /—Stem radieant, of indefinite length ; leaves 4'"-
9'" dium., nearly ns long as the petiole ; fruit with a very minute carpophore. — Hab.
Jamaica!, March , Wits., Wullschl., to Trinidad!, Cr . ; [Cuba ! to Brazil!].

§ 2. Leaves alternate ( sometimes partly opposite), with a strong, flat midrib. Stigma
minute, on the anterior side of the subulate ovary-beak.

* Leaves thin , peltate, or their lamina distinct from the petiole.

14. IP. hernan difolia, JDieir., Miq. I Glabrous, succulent ; stem creeping, radieant,
ascending at the top ; leaves alternate, distant, thin, peltate , ovale, cuspidate, obsoletely
7-9-nerved : petiole as long as the lamina, the latter inserted below its middle ; aments
shorter than the elongated peduncle : ovary beaked ; fruit ovoid, sessile, as long as the beak.
—Piper, V. Pep. Ponthieui, Miq .—Stem of indefinite length: internodes 2' -3 long;
leaves 3"-H" long, 24"'-9"' broad: aments l"-2" long.— Hab. Jamaica!, March, Wits. ;
S. Vincent!, Guild.; Granada, Trinidad ( Thomps .), in mountain- woods ; [Cuba!].

15 P. producta, Gr. (». sp). Glabrous, succulent; stem creepiug, radieant, ascending
at the top ; leaves alternate, distant, thin, elliptical, shortly cuspidate with a bluutish point,
rounded at the subpeltate base, obsoletely septupliner ved : petiole as long as the lamina,
the latter inserted immediately above its base ; aments usually geminate, longer than then
special, shorter than their common peduucle ; ovary beaked ; fruit ovoid-oblong, sessile,
longer than its curved beak.— Intermediate between the preceding and the following species;
leaves 3"-2" long, 2"-l" broad, paperv, opaque, obsoletely yellow-dotted beneath : rounded
base produced about V" beyond the petiole, which is rather flatly channelled, equalling the
iuteruodes ; aments 1"-14" long : peduncles axillary, ascending (together with the leaves)
from the creeping stem. — Hab. Jamaica!’, M acf.; [Cuba !].

16 P. d 1st achy a, Lietr. Puberulous or glabrate, succulent ; stem creeping, radieant,

ascending at the top ; leaves alternate, distant, thin, ovate, cuspidate with a bluutish point,
subcordale or rounded at the base, ciliate, obsoletely septupli-7 -nerved : petiole usually
shorter than the lamina, the latter inserted at its base; aments usually geminate about as
long as the peduncles; ovary beaked; fruit ovoid, sessile, longer than its curved beak.—
Plum. Lescr. t. 67. — Piper, L. — Leaves 2"- 1" long, 18 -6 broad; aments 1 2 long.

Hab. Jamaica !, March , on rocky kills ; [Cuba S to Brazil !].

** Leaves tapering at the base.

17. P. obtusifolia, Lidr., Miq. ! Glabrous, fleshy-succulent ; stem ascending ; leaves
alternate, leathery, broadly -obovate or spathulaie, refuse or blunt, tapering into the petiole,
peuninerved ; aments subterminal, usually geminate, elongated curved : peduncles as long
as the leaves; ovary beaked; fruit ovoid, sessile, as long as the sirongdefle.cedbeaL--
F/um. Lescr. t. 70. Vase. FI. 5. t. 313,-Piper, A -Sfrrn al bout 1 high ; leaves 3 , -
2" (-0") long, 2A,/-8"' (-3") broad : petiole channelled, 12 '-4 long ; aments 6 ~ ' !ong-

a Leaves broadly obovate or obovate-roundish— Jacquin’s figure (lc. Ear. t. 212) o! Ins .
clusi folium, usually quoted as a synonym, represents well the leaf-form, but is newly de-

’ t U2SW Urn. . a)

■V vavuracea. Leaves obov ale-oblong, less thick (6 -4 long, 3 -1£ broad).

IIab Lunafoa !, Macf, Lane, March (a and 7) ; Antigua ! Wullschl ; S. Vincent !, Guild,
(a and 13), in rocky woods; Trinidad; [Mexico! and Cuba ! toBiazillJ.

18 P. amplexicaulis, Lietr., Miq.! Glabrous, fleshy-succulent ; stem ascending;
leaves alternate, leathery, spathulate-lanceolate or spathulate (rarely obovate), bhiutisb or
blunt and refuse, tapering into the sessile or subsessile base, pemnuerved ; aments _ u^u. \
treminate elongated • ovarv beaked ; fruit ovoid, sessile, much longer than the conical ap-
S^flSXkr’M if Which i diThlao,,,. -Piper, Sm. /-M-fcrm » -<™hl„ »

tlm nrecediue ; aments 6"-4" long : special peduncles 1" long. .

a Sioartziana. Leaves spathulate-laneeolate or spathulate, gradually tapering into the

L f*. > wk •

leaves 8"-4" long, 1 i -1 broad above, 6 -3 at tlic bast.

PIPERACE7E.

167

0. magnol folia, Dictr. Leaves spathulate or obovate-spathulate, cuneate above the chan-
nelled, subsessile base. — Jacq. Ic. Ear. t. 213. — Piper, Jacq. — Leaves 5"-3" long, 20//,-12"'
broad above, 2"/-l"' at the base.

Hab. Jamaica!, Mac/., March, Wullschl. (a, 0) ; [Guadeloupe],

19. P. talinifolia, Kth. Glabrous, fleshy-succulent; stem erect; leaves alternate,

leathery, elliptical or elliptical-oblong, hluntish, tapering into the short petiole, penninerved :
veius inconspicuous; aments usually geminate, elongated; ovary beaked ; fruit . . . . — Kth.
Nov. Gen. t. 8. — Stem 1' high ; leaves 5"-3" long, broad : petiole channelled,

8",-4"' long ; aments 4'" long. — IIab. Trinidad!, Cr. ; [New Granada].

20. P. alpina, Dietr. Glabrous, fleshy-succulent ; stem erect or ascending ; leaves op-
posite, superior alternate, leathery, elliptical or elliptical-roundish, pointed at both ends,
shortly petioled, penninerved ; aments solitary ; ovary beaked ; fruit . . . . — Leaves ‘P'-lf
long, 10"' broad, exceeded by the aments. — Hab. Jamaica (Sw.), in the mountains; [Cuba!
in the eastern hills].

21. P. pernambucensis, Miq. Glabrous, succulent; stem erect, aphyllous above;
leaves alternate, large, papery, elliptical, mucronate at the rounded top, cuneate at the base
and tapering into the petiole, penninerved ; aments short, subsessile, whorled in an aphyl-
lous, terminal panicle; ovary beaked: beak deciduous; fruit ovoid, with a short, blunt
appendage. — 1 ' high ; leaves 8"-3" long, 3i"-li" broad : petiole 2"-l" long ; panicle as
long as the leaves, long-peduncled : aments 10"'-6"' long, 4-8 in each whorl (rarely scat-
tered).— Hab. Trinidad!, Cr., rare at Irais ; [Venezuela !, Pernambuco].

§ 3. Leaves whorled, rarely opposite, shortly petioled. Stigma terminal.
* Amentum-rhachis smooth ; fruit devoid of an appendage.
f Leaves thin, dotted.

22. P. stellata , Dietr. Stem erect or ascending, branched, pubescent, subcylindrical ;
leaves 3-4 (-5) in the whorl, ovate-lanceolate, acuminate with a hluntish point, 3-nerved,
glabrescent, pellucid-dotted ; rhachis smooth : flowers distant ; fruit sessile, bluntish. —
Piper, Sw. — 1' high; leaves 12"'-6'" long, 6"'-3'" broad: petiole 2"'-l"' long; aments
3"-2" long, filiform, straight, shortly pcduncled.— Hab. Jamaica !, March, Wils., in moun-
tain-woods.

23. P. galioides, Kth. Stem erect, branched, puberulous with very short hairs, sub-
cylindrical ; leaves 6—4 (—2) in the whorl, oblanceolate, blunt, 3-nerved, glabrescent, punc-
tate beneath with brownish, pellucid dots, subsessile ; rhachis smooth : flowers distant ;
truit sessile, bluntish. — Kth. Nov. Gen. 1. 17. — 1' High, trichotomous-fastigiate above; leaves
4"'-3"' long, l'"-f broad ; aments 15"'-6'" long, filiform, straight, shortly peduncled.—
Hab. Jamaica!, Wils.; [New Granada, Brazil],

24. P. Swar'cziana, Miq. Stem creeping, filiform, glabrescent, tetraquetrous ; leaves
4-2 (-6) in the whorl, obovate, oval or spathulate-oblong, tapering into the petiole, blunt
or emarginate, obsoletely 3 -nerved, glabrous, ciliate, with a few large, pellucid dots ; rhachis

smooth : flowers approximate; fruit —Sio. Ic. Lid. Occ.t. 5.— Piper filifonne, Sw.

Perhaps identical with P. tenerrima, Schlecht. (Miq. 111. t. 21). — Stem radicaut, of indefinite
length : branches short, ascending ; leaves 3"'-2'" long, 2"'-l'" broad; aments 4"'-2'" long,
terminal, solitary, pcduncled. Hab. Jamaica (Sw.), creeping among mosses in the moun-
tains; [Portorico !].

25. P. pulchella, Dietr. Stem erect, few-brauched, puberulous, cylindrical : hairs very
short, mixed sometimes with long, spreading ones ; leaves 4-3 in the whorl, spathulate-
oblong, oblong or oval, blunt or bluntish, tapering into the petiole, obsoletely 3-nerved,
glabrescent or puberulous above, obsoletely pellucid-dotted ; rhachis smooth : flowers ap-
proximate; fruit ...—Piper, ^.—Steins ceespitose, 4"-3' high; leaves 4"'-5'" long,
2 broad: petiole l''-V" long; aments 4"'-3'" long, terminal, shortly pcduncled.— IIab.
Jamaica !, List. ; Antigua !, Wullschl.

i “ • verticillata, Dictr. Stem erect, branched, densely jiilose, striated: hairs as
ung as jts diameter, jointed ; leaves 4-G (-2) in the whorl, obovate or oval, bluntish or
un , s ortly petioled, 3-ncrvcd, puberulous (or glabrescent) above, pubescent beneath , often

168

PIPERACEzE.

with a few large, pellucid dots; rhachis smooth; flowers distant; fruit . . . . — Piper, Z.—
Stems csespitose, 6"-4" long ; leaves succident, 4"'-3"' long, broad ; aments 8m-6"'

long, terminal, shortly pcduncled. — Hab. Jamaica !, March.

27. P- ciliata, Kth. Stem erect, simple or few-brauched, pubescent, striated : down
short ; leaves 2 (-3) in the whorl, elliptical , elliptical-roundish, or elliptical-lanceolate,
pointed at both ends or bluntish, petioled, 3-5-nerved, puberulous, densely blaclc-dolted ; rha-
chis smooth, elongated : flowers distant ; fruit ovoid, sessile, bluntish. — V high ; leaves opaque,
succulent, 2"-l" long, 15,"-4'" broad: petiole 4"'-2'" long; aments 5"-lf" long, terminal,
shortly peduncled. — Hab. Antigua !, Walls chi. ; Trinidad !, Cr. ; [Venezuela].

28. P. Myrtillus, Miq. I Stem erect, branched, glahrescent, subcylindrical ; leaves
4 (-2) in the whorl, lanceolate or elliptical-lanceolate, acuminate with a bluntish point or
pointed, shortly petioled, obsoletely 3-nerved, glabrous, with obsolete, pellucid dots ; rhachis
smooth : flowers approximate, at length distant ; fruit . . . . — Stems caespitose, 8"-4" long ;
leaves 15"'-8"' (-4'") long, 4"'-3m broad : petiole 2'"— long; aments 12",-4"' long.
PIab. Jamaica!, Mac/.; [Cuba!].

ft Leaves rigid, opaque.

29. P. septemnervis, 11. P. Stem erect, simple or few-branched, glabrous, subcylin-
drical; leaves opposite (or 3-4 in the whorl), ovate-lanceolate or lanceolate, acuminate, 7-5-
nerved, tapering into the petiole, glabrous, opaque, leathery ; rhachis smooth : flowers ap-
proximate ; fruit . . . .■ — R. P. FI. t. 47 C : the leaf-top more pointed than in our plant.

1' high ; leaves 2"-l£" long, 8"'-6'" broad : petiole 3"'-2'" long ; aments 1" long, terminal,
peduncled. — Hab. Jamaica !, Macf., Pd., March; [Peru].

30. P. quadrangular is, Dietr. Stem creeping, simple or few-brauched, glabrous,
tetraquetrous ; leaves opposite, oval, bluntish, rounded at the base, 3 -nerved, shortly pe-
tioled, glabrous, opaque, rigid; rhachis smooth : flowers approximate; fruit . . . .—Linn.
Transact. 9. t. 21./. 1 ; Mart. FI. Bras. 11. t. 1./. 8.— Piper, Thomps. Peperomia mus-
cosa, Lk. — Stems ciespitose, spithameous ; leaves 12,H long, 8' ' broad : petiole. 1 long ;
aments 6'"-8"/ long, axillary, shortly peduncled. — Hab. Trinidad !, Cr. ; [Equatorial Brazil].

** Amentum-rhacliis foveolate ; fruit rostellate.

31. P. quadrifolia, Kth., Miq. ! Glabrous ; stem ascending, branched, striated ; leaves

4 (rarely 2) in the whorl, obovate, ernarginate, cuneate at the shortly petioled base, 1 -nerved
or obsoletely triplinerved, rigid-succulent, obsoletely pellucid-dotted ; rhachis foveolate, gla-
brous : flowers approximate ; ovary rostellate ; fruit ovoid, shortly beaked.- Ed.Burm.

t 242. f 3. — Piper, L. — Ascending branches 6"-4" long; leaves 6 -4 long, 3 -3
broad : petiole l"'-i"' long ; aments H"-l" long, terminal, peduncled.— Hab. Jamaica !,
Macf, Pd., March, in mountain-woods; [Mexico 1, Venezuela!].

32. P. obversa, Dietr. Glabrous ; stem creeping, branched, subcylindrical ; leaves

3 (4—2) in the whorl, oval-roundish, ernarginate or rounded at the top, petioled, obsoletely
2,-nerved, succulent, pellucid-dotted ; rhachis foveolate, glabrous : flowers approximate ; ovary
bluntish: stigma thick; fruit —Piper, V. — Branches 8"-4 long ; leaves 0 -4 long,

broad, usually rounded at the base : petiole 2"'-V 1 long ; aments 12 1 l°Dg> ter-

minal, shortly peduncled. — Hab. Montserrat (V.) ; [Cuba!].

33. P. trifolia, Dietr. Stem creeping : branches ascending, tetragonal, pilose ; leaves

3 (4-2) in the whorl, oval or slightly oboyate, rounded or ernarginate at the top, petioled,
3 -nerved, ciliate with long hairs, glabrescent or with scattered ban's beneath, succulent, o
soletely pellucid-dotted ; rhachis foveolate, glabrous : flowers approximate ; ovary rostejate ;
fruit globose : the oblique beak almost as long as its diameter .—-Plum.Descr. t.b 8 ; Hook.
Exot. t. 165. — Piper, L. Pep. ovalifolia, Hook. ! P. fimbriata Mw., Cr PI. Canb ■
Branches 4"-2" long; leaves 8"'-6"' long, 6"'-5'" broad: petiole long; aments

3"-2" long, terminal, solitary or ternute; peduncle 1 -1£ long. Hab. Dominica ., Imr. ,
S. Lucia, S. Vincent !, Guild., on trees; [Guadeloupe !].

34 P reflexa, Dietr. Stem creeping : branches erect or ascending, tetragonal, gla-
hrescent] leaves 4-3 (-6) in the whorl, rhomboid- elliptical, blunt cuneate at the subsessile
base, \-nerved or obsoletely 3-nerved, glabrous, rigid-succulcnt, obsoletely pcUucid-dottcd ,

PIPERACEiE.

109

rhachis deeply foveolate, pubescent : flowers approximate ; ovary rostellate ; fruit ovate, with
a verv short beak. — It. P. FI. t. 47 B.~ Piper, L., Sw. Pep. filiformis, R. P. — Branches
2"-6" loug, simple or simply tricliotomous ; leaves 6"'-4"' long, 5"'-3/" broad ; aments
6"'_S'" long, blunt at the top, as long as their peduncle. — PI An. Jamaica !, Mac/., Hist.,
Bancr., March, on trees ; [Venezuela ! to Brazil ! and Peru 1; Pacific Islands !; East Indies!;
tropical Africa to the Cape !].

2. POTHOMORPHE, Miq.

Bracts peltate. Stamens 2, lateral to the ovary. Ovary sessile : stigmas 3, sessile, re-
curved. Pericarp thin. — Shrubs ; leaves large, cordiform or peltate, membranaceous, pel-
lucid-dotted : petiole sheathing ; aments umbellate, axillary, peduncled.

35. P. peltata, Miq. ! Leaves peltate, cordate-roundish with a small point, 13-nerved:
two pairs inserted beyond the base of the midrib ; umbels usually 8-12-rayed. — Plum. Bescr.
t. 74 ; Besc. FI. 4. t. 236. — Piper, L. — 4'-6' high; leaves 12"-8" diam. : petiole as long;
aments 4"-3", pedicels 4'", peduncles l j" long.— Hab. Jamaica !, Hist., Wits., March, to
Trinidad!, Schach, in woods; [Cuba! to equatorial Brazil ! and New Granada !].

36. P. umbellata, Miq. Leaves not peltate, cordate-roundish with a deltoid point,
11-13-nerved: one pah- inserted beyond the base of the midrib ; umbels usually 5-3-rayed.
— Plum . Bescr. t. 73. — Piper, L. — Leaves 10"-6" diam. : petiole as long, hairy; aments
4"-2", pedicels 5 "'-2'", peduncles 8"' -6"' long. — Hab. Jamaica!,^., March, Wullschl.;
[Cuba ! to Brazil !].

3. ENCKEA, Kth.

Bracts cucullate. Stamens 5-6 (4-7), inserted around the ovary : anther-cells confluent
above. Stigmas 3 (-5), sessile. Pericarp baccate : seed sulcate. — Shrubs ( rarely trees) ;
leaves palmatinerved, opposite to an abortive leaf : nodes tumid ; aments opposite to the
leaves, solitary, bluntish.

* Leaves rigid, reticulated with transverse veins.

37. E. smilacifolia, Kth., Miq.! Glabrous; leaves large, papery, ovate or ovate-
oblong, shortly acuminate, oblique at the rounded or subcordate base, 7-5-nerved, obso-
letely pellucid -dotted, shining, much longer than the aments: veins transverse ; flowers
contiguous ; “berry ovoid.”- — Piper decumanum, W. — A high shrub or tree; leaves 10'/— 8"
long, 8 "-5" broad : petiole G,II—4W long ; aments 5,,-4,/ long, shortly peduncled. — IIab.
Trinidad!, Schach, Cr., in woods ; [Guadeloupe !, Panama!, Venezuela].

** Leaves membranaceous.

38. E. Amalago, Gr. Glabrous, or the petioles and leaf-ribs puberulous ; leaves
membranaceous, obliquely ovate-oblong, ovate-lanceolate (or hastate-subulate), with a nar-
row, usually bluntish point, 5-nerved, about as long as the aments ; berries distant, ovate,
blunt sulcate. -SI. t. 87./. \ R.P. FI. t. 57 B; Jacq. Eclog. t. 76,-Piper, L. [ex ic.
£>l.), Sw. I P. glaucescens, Jacq. P. unguiculatum, R. P. E. unguiculata and glaucescens,
A dichotomous shrub, 10f-3/ high ; aments 8/; long: rhachis pubescent.

a. Petioles and leaf-ribs glabrous ; leaves nearly opaque (4"-2J" long, 24"'-8'" broad).

0. hirtella. Petioles pubescent ; leaf-ribs puberulous, chiefly towards the base and be-
neath; leaves minutely pellucid-dotted (4"-2" loug, 2"-L" broad).— E. ceanothifolia, Mia. !
(exclus. diagn. et synon. Kth).

y. variifolia, Miq Glabrous ; leaves hastate-subulate, opaque (3"-2" long, 6'" broad at
the roundish base, 2"'-4'" broad. above).

IIab. Jamaica!, Macf. (0), Al. (a), March, Wils., Wullschl. (a, y), in the hills; [Cuba!
and Mexico to Brazil and Peru].

3 .). E. Swartzii, Gr. Glabrous, or the petioles slightly puberulous ; leaves mem-
tr;aCC0Uf’- T",utcly Pe^uc’d-d°tted, ovate, with a narrow, blunt point, often oblique at

e iase, rip inerved with 1-2 basilar pairs of nerves besides, usually somewhat longer thau
1 »roen s jerries distant, ovoid-oblong, abruptly rostellate, sulcate. — Piper discolor,
idantaginea, Miq. / [cf seq.). — A shrub ; leaves 6"-3" loug, 3V'-li” broad, rounded

170

PIPERACE2E.

or subcordatc or minutely cuneate at the base : petiole 8'"— 4'" long ; aments 4"-l J". long :
rhacliis glahreacont. — Hab. Jamaica!, Macf., Pd., Wils. , March, in the mountains, at
4000' alt.

40. 33. Sieberi, Miq. Glabrous, or the petioles slightly puberulous ; leaves membra-
naceous, minutely pellucid-dotted, ovate, with a narrow acute or bluntish point, somewhat
oblique at the base, 5-7-nerved, somewhat louger than the aments ; berries approximate,
ovate, blunt , obsoletely sulcate. — Jacq. Ic. Par. t. 8 ; Miq. III. t. 65 ; Desc. PI. 6. t. 427.
— Piper medium, Jacq. P. discolor, Desc. ( non Siv.). E. plantaginea, Ktli. : a name com-
prising (from its synonyms) this and the preceding species, and applied to the latter by
Miquel. — A shrub ; leaves 4"-3" long, 2|"-H" broad ; aments 3''-l£" long. — Hab. An-
tigua !, Wullschl. ; Dominica!, Imr. ; Trinidad {Sieb.) ; [S. Croix, Guadeloupe!, along
i-oads, Venezuela !].

E. reticulata, Miq. (Plum. Ed. Burin, t. 242. f. 2), a synonym of which (PI. Carib.) be-
longs to a Trinidad plant not seen by myself, is probably no congener, the uppermost leaf-
ribs being distant from the leaf-base.

4. SCHILLER1A, Kth. {emend.)

(Artanthe, sect. Nhandi, Miq.)

Bracts peltate. Stamens 5, inserted around the ovary : anther-cells distinct. Stigmas
3 (-5), sessile. Pericarp baccate: seed angular. — Shrubs; leaves cordate, palmatinerved :
petiole usually winged towards the base : nodes and abortive leaves as in Euckea ; aments
opposite to the leaves, solitary, mucronate : bracts approximate, villous-ciliate.

41. Sell, caudata, Kth. Leaves cordate-roundish, usually with a narrow point, mem-
branaceous, 9— 11-nerved, minutely pellucid-dotted: petiole winged below; aments shortly
peduncled, curved, nearly as long as the leaf. — Piper, V. Artanthe, Miq. ! A high shrub ;
leaves 6"-4" diam., glalirescent (rarely puberulous) : basilar sinus usually spreading.— Hab.
Trinidad !, Loclcli., Cr. ; [Portorico ; Panama !, Venezuela ! to Pernambuco !].

5. ARTANTHE, Miq.

Bracts peltate. Stain ens 4 (2 inferior, 2 superior) or 2, lateral to the ovary: anthci-
cclls conniveut. Stigmas 3-5 (-2), sessile. Pericarp baccate : seed angular.— Shrubs or
trees; leaves uninerved with arched veins; nodes, abortive leaves, and aments, as in
Schillcria.

§ 1. Principal arched veins more distant from the top of the leaf than from each other ;

leaves pellucid-dotted.

* Leaves smooth ( or rugose).

42. A. jamaicensis, Gr. Leaves ovate-oblong or ovate, with a short, acuminate
point, very unequal at the rounded base, smooth, glabrous above, hairy on the neives
beueath, papery : principal veins 4-5-jugal, alternate, the inferior approximate, the upper-
most inserted at a distance from the leaf-top; peduncles longer than the short. naked
petiole.— Piper nitidum, Sw. (not A. nitida, Miq., a synonym of which is P. divaricatum,
Mey.!, or A. Meyeri, Miq.).— A shrub, 6' high; leaves 5”-3" long, SJV'-lV' broad : the
exterior side 2"' protracted at the base : petiole l'"-2'" long ; aments 3"-l" long, usually
straightish : peduncle 4"' long; stamens 4. — Hab. Jamaica !, Al., March, in mountain-
woods.

43. A. Sredemeyeri, Miq. Leaves obliquely ovate, pointed, unequal at the base,
smooth or usually pustulate-rugose, glabrous with the nerves hairy, membranaceous : principal
veins 4-7 -jugal, alternate, the uppermost inserted about the middle of the midrib ; peduncles
shorter than the naked petiole. — Jacq. Eclog. t. 84. — Piper, Jacq. P. auritum, Sieb.
Mart 7 P dilatatum, Rchb. in Sieb. Trin. 18. A. macrophylla, Miq. ! {exc/tts. syn. Sic.).
A ulinifolia Miq /-A shrub; leaves 7"-4" long, 4"-2" broad, often somewhat shining:
nctiole l2"'-5"' long ; aments 4"-2" long, straight : peduncle 4'" long : (lowers densely ap-
proximate.—Hab. Antigua!, Nichols., Wullschl.; Dominica!, Imr.; S. Vincent!, Guild. ;
Trinidad !, Schach, Sieb.; [Portorico, French islands!, Guiana) .

PIPERACEjE

171

44. A. coruscans, Miq. ! Leaves ovate or elliptical, cuspidate, subequal at the base
smooth, glabrous above, puberulous on the nerves beneath, papery : principal veins 5-7
jugal, nearly equidistant, the uppermost inserted distantly from the leaf- top; ‘peduncles
shorter than the margined ’petiole. — Piper, Kth. — A shrub ; leaves 8"-6" long, 5 "-3"
broad: petiole 12"'-S'" long; aments 3"-2" long, straight: peduncle 4'" long.— Hab.
Trinidad!, Lockh., Cr.; [New Granada] .

45. A. rugosa, Miq. Branchlcts densely hispidulous ; leaves oblong or elliptical-ob-
long, pointed, equal at the base, smooth or usually pustulate-rugose above, glabrous
above, puberulous beneath and hispidulous on the nerves, somewhat leathery : principal veins
4-jugal, the uppermost inserted about the middle of the midrib ; peduncles shorter than
the naked petiole. — Piper, Lam. A. trichostachya, Miq. ? — Leaves 3l"-2i" long, 1A"
broad: petiole 6"'-3'" long; aments H" long. — Hab. Trinidad!, Cr. ; [Haiti, Guiana].

** Leaves rough, very unequal at the base.

46. A. achinca, Miq. ! Branchlets rough, hispidulous, with the longer hairs deciduous ;
leaves ovate-oblong, with a narrow point, very unequal at the base, rough, papery : prin-
cipal veins G-7 -jugal, alternate, the uppermost inserted about the middle of the midrib ;
peduncles longer than the short naked petiole : aments falcate. — 67. t. 87. f. 2. — Piper,
L. — A shrub ; leaves S"-5" long, 3"-2" broad : exterior side 2"'-3'" protracted at the base :
petiole 2"'-l"' long ; aments 5 "-2" long ; peduncle 5'"— 4'" long. — Hab. Jamaica !, Mac/.,
Al. ; S. Vincent!, Guild.; Trinidad !, Loclch., Or., common in ravines and along roads ;
[Panama ! to Brazil ! and Peru !].

47. A. scabra, Miq. ! Branchlets rough, hispidulous or pilose; leaves ovate-oblong or
ovate, with a narrow point, very unequal at the base, rough, papery : principal veins 5-6-
jugal, alternate, the uppermost inserted about the middle of the midrib : peduncles as long
as or shorter than the subcylindrical, naked petiole : aments straight. — Piper, 6 'w. — A
shrub ; leaves 10"-4" long, 3"-2" (-4") broad : petiole 6"'-2'" long ; aments 6"-2" long,
with the point of various length : peduncle 5"'-2"' long.

a. Leaves devoid of spreading hairs ; branchlets hispidulous, with the hairs deflexed,
shorter than the diameter of the axis, deciduous. — A. scabra and hirsuta, Miq. !

p. hirsuta. Leaves aud branchlets pilose with spreading, long, jointed, persistent hairs.
— P. hirsutum, Sio.

Hab. Jamaica !, all coll., in the mountains at 1 000'-3000' alt. ; S. Vincent!, Guild.,
Trinidad!, Lock., Qr.; [Cuba! to Brazil!].

§ 2. Principal arched veins equidistant from each other and from the top of the leaf ;

leaves smooth or pimpled.

* Leaves very unequal at the base, devoid of pellucid dots.

48. A. verrucosa, Gr. Branchlets and petioles warty ; leaves large, oblong or ovate-
oblong, pointed, very unequal at the subcordate base, smooth, glabrous, leathery : principal
veins equidistant, 10-12-jugal: petioles winged-marginate, shorter than the peduncles. —
Piper, Sic. ! — A middle-sized tree : the peculiar, white, depressed-globose warts, which cover
the epidermis, are never wanting in our specimens; leaves 12"-8" (-24") long, 4<"-3"
broad, devoid of pellucid dots : exterior side 10"'-5'" protracted at the base : petiole 6"'-2"'
long ; aments straightish or curved, 6"-4 " long : peduncle 12"'-8'" long. — Hab. Jamaica !,
Al., Wullschl., on limestone rocks, S. Anns, Manchester.

49. A. macrophylla, Gr. ( non Miq.). Branchlets smooth ; leaves large, ovate-oblong,
pointed, very unequal at the rounded or subcordate base, smooth, glabrous, leathery: prin-
cipal veins 10-12-jugal, equidistant, or the lowest more approximate : petioles winged -
margined, as long as the peduncles. — Si. t. 88. f. 1. — Piper, Sw. ! P. inccquale, lib. Blcs,
A. Lesscrtiana, Miq.! ( exclus . syn. Sic.): I restore Swartz’s name, A. macrophylla, Miq.,
being identical with A. Bredemeyeri. — A high shrub, attaining 12-20' ; leaves 12"-8" long,
5"-4" broad, devoid of pellucid dots: exterior side 12'" protracted at the base: petiole
0'"-4"' long; aments straight, 6" long. — Hab. Jamaica!, Pd., Al., Wils., March, on rocky
hills; [Guiana].

;>U A. tuberculata, Miq. ! Branchlets smooth, hairy or glabrate ; leaves oblong or

172

CHL011A.NTHE2E.

ovate-oblong, with a bluntish point, very unequal at the base, pimpled with minute blots on
the glabrous upper side, smooth and puberulous on the nerves beneath, papery : principal
veins equidistant, 8-10-jugal : petioles very short , winged-shealhing , shorter than the pe-
duncles.— Piper, Ktli. {viz Jacq.). P. verrucosum, Sieb. Trin. 17. — A shrub, with tumid
nodes; leaves 5"-4" long, 2"-1i" (-2V0 broad: petiole 2"'-V" long, 2"' broad ; aments
4"-3" long : peduncle 4 long. — Hab. S. Vincent !, Guild. ; Trinidad !, Sieb., Schach,

Cr. ; [Mexico ! to Brazil !].

51. A. geniculata, Miq. ! Branchlets smooth, glabrous; leaves oblong or oblong-
lanceolate, acuminate, rarely bluntish, very unequal at the base, smooth, glabrous, papery :
principal veins equidistant, 7-12-jugal : petioles channelled, naked, as long as the pedun-
cles.— Mart. Ft. Bras. 11. t. 18; Miq. III. t. 86.- — Piper, Sio. ! A. xylopioides, Miq.
A. xestophylla, Miq. ! {exclus. syn. Sio.) : a form with shining leaves. A. staminea, Miq. /:
a rare form, with bluntish leaves. — A shrub : nodes very tumid ; leaves 8,'-4" long, 2i"-li"
broad, devoid of pellucid dots : exterior side 8,"-3,,, protracted at the base : petiole 3'"-4'"
long; aments 3"-5" long. — Hab. Jamaica!, all coll., in rocky woods ; Trinidad !, Schach,
Lockli. ; [Guiana !, Brazil],

** Leaves equal at the base.

52. A. sequalis, Miq. I Smooth, glabrous ; leaves elliptical, with a narrow point,
equal at the base, papery, opaque : principal veins equidistant, 6-10-jugal : petioles chan-
nelled., naked, as long as the peduncles. — Miq. III. t. 88. — A shrub ; leaves T'-5" long,
3"-2i" broad, sometimes unequal-sided, but equal at the base : petiole 6"'-8"' long ; aments
2" long. — Hab. Montserrat, Dominica 1, Imr., Trinidad.

53. A. Martiana, Miq.! Smooth, glabrous; leaves elliptical or ovate, with a narrow
point, equal at the base, papery, pellucid-dotted : principal veins 5-6-jugal, equidistant or
the lowest approximate : petioles channelled, naked, twice as long as the peduncles. — Miq.
III. t. 77.— A. Schachii, Miq. in Herb. Hook— Leaves 7"-4" long, 4"-2" broad, often un-
equal-sided: petiole 12,,,-4,,' long ; aments 3"-l" long : peduncle fl"-2'" long. — Hab. Tri-
nidad !, Schach ; [Brazil!].

54. A. xylosteoid.es, Miq. Smooth, glabrous; leaves lanceolate-oblong, acuminate,
tapering towards the equal base, papery, minutely pellucid-dotted : principal veins 4-6-
jugal, subequidistant, the lowest more approximate : petioles channelled, naked, as long as
or shorter than the peduncles. — Mart. FI. Bras. 11. t. 13. f. 1. — A shrub ; leaves 5"-3 '
long, 2"-l" broad, unequal-sided : petiole 3"'-4"' long ; aments 2"-l"long : peduncle 6"'-4'"
long. — Hab. Trinidad !, Cr. ; [Brazil to Montevideo].

6. OTTONIA, Spreng.

Bracts cucullate, usually at the base of a pedicel. Stamens 4 (-3), inserted around the
ovary. Stigmas 4, sessile. Pericarp baccate, tetragonal. — Shrubs ; leaves, nodes, and
aments as in Artanthe, but the flowers at length usually racemose : pedicels jointed with
the flower.

55. O. Vahlii, Klh. Smooth, glabrous; leaves ovate, pointed, broadly cuneate at the
base, papery, opaque ; berries pedicellate, somewhat longer than their pedicel, rounded at
the base, mucronate with a bluntish point. — Vahl, Eclog. t. 1. — Piper ovatum, V. Leaves
8"~6" long, 3 .1- "-3" broad : veins equidistant, 12-15-jugal : petiole channelled, naked, O'" — l'"
long; aments 3"-2" long: peduncle as long as or shorter than the petiole. — Hab. Trinidad !,
Pd., Cr., in woods, Arima, Maraccas.

LIX. CIILORANTHEiE.

Flowers naked. Ovary simple: ovide single, pendulous, atropous. Embryo minute, en-
closed within the top of the fleshy perisperm. — Leaves opposite, inserted into a stipu/ar

sheath. . .

The aromatic properties are the same as m Piperacea.

TEREBINTIIACE2E.

173

1. IIEDYOSMUM, Sto.

Flowers $ monandrous, ebracteate, amentaceous, ? bracteate, spicate. Pericarp dru-
paccons. — Shrubs ; leaves serrate.

1. H. nutans, Sio. Leaves lanceolate-linear , acuminate, serrate beyond the base, gla-
brous, shortly petioled : inflorescence monoecious ; $ aments ovoid-oblong, blunt, nodding ;
? flowers alternate along the angular brauchlets of the 3-many-parted corymbs. — Sw. FI.
t. 18. f. sup. — Leaves 5"-3" long, 10"'-8'" broad : petiole 3'" long, as long as the sheath.
— Hab. Jamaica!, all coll., in mountain-woods at 1000-4000' alt.

2. H. arborescens, Sw. Leaves elliptical-lanceolate with a bluntish point, serrate be-
yond the middle or the base, glabrous, petioled ; inflorescence unisexual ; $ . . . ; £
flowers clustered : clusters opposite in interrupted, trifid spikes, the lateral branches of which
are exceeded by the central one. — A high shrub, 12-16' high; leaves 4"-2" long, 18'"-8'"
broad : petiole 8"'-4'" long, as long as the sheath. — Hab. Jamaica !, Mac/., Pd., March,
in mountain-woods ; Dominica !, Imr.

LX. TEREBINTHACEiE.

Stamens bi-uniseriate, inserted into or below a disc. Pistil syncarpous or reduced, often
with a single ovary-cell developed : ovules 1-2 in each cell. Pericarp usually drupaceous.
Embryo exalbuminous. — Woody plants; leaves usually compound: stipules abortive.

The bark contains resin, balsam, or gum, but the leaves are generally devoid of pellucid
dots (with the exception of Amyris). In several genera the fruit is eatable ( Many if era ,
Anacardium, Spondias), while the milk of other is poisonous (C'omocladia). Rhus and As-
tronium afford good timber ; the furniture-wood of Astr. obliquum resembles mahogany.

Tkibe I. BURSERACE2E. — Ovary-cells 5-1, all ovuliferous : ovules 2 in each cell.

1. BURSERA, L.

Flowers polygamous. Calyx 3-5-partite. Petals 3-5, valvate. Stamens 6-10, peri-
gynous : anthers oblong. Ovaiy 3-celled : style 3-lobed at the top. Pericarp drupaceous,
3-(2)-valved, 1-seeded usually by abortion. Cotyledons corrugate.— Gummiferous trees ;
leaves impari-pinnate or unifoliolate : leaflets quite entire, petiolulate ; racemes axillary
and terminal : flowers fascicled.

1. B. gummifera, L. Leaflets 9-3 (13-1), ovate-oblong, usually pointleted, hairy
beneath or glabrate ; flowers precocious ; putamen ovate, blunt, 3-gonal : facets convex. —
SI. t. 199./. 1, 2; Jacq. Amer. Piet. t. 96 ; JDesc. Ft. 2. t. 97. — B. acuminata, W. B.
simplicifolia, DC. ? — A lofty tree, from all parts of which gum resin exudes on the slightest
touch ; leaflets variable, usually 3" long ; petals oblong, 1'" long, much exceeding the calyx ;
putamen 3'" long, with a promimdous, ovate area (1|'" long) on the inner side.

a. Rhachis of the racemes villous-pubescent.

(3. glabrata. Rhachis glabrous.

Hab. Bahamas 1 ; Jamaica 1, M‘Nab, common in the plains ; Dominica 1, Imr. ; S. Vin-
cent 1, Guild.; [Cuba, Panama!, Venezuela].

2. ICICA, Aubl.

Calyx 4-5-toothed. Petals 4-5, valvate. Stamens 8-10, perigynous : anthers oblong.
Ovary 4-5-cclled : style 4-5-lobed at the top. Pericarp leathery, tardily dehiscent, 5-1-
pyrenous. — Resinous, glabrous trees; leaves impari-pinnate or ternate: leaflets quite entire,
usually leathery , petiolulate ; racemes or corymbs axillary.

2. I. heptaphylla, Aubl. Leaflets 5-7, elliptical-lanceolate, acuminate ; flowers
corymbose : corymbs short, 2-4 times exceeded by the aphyllous portion of the petiole :
pedicels twice as long ns the flowers, usually ternate ; petals 4, revolute on the top,
pubescent on the margin ; drupe . . . . — Aubl. t. 130 — Amyris ambrosiaca, Mey. ! Esseq.

m

TEREBINTH ACE Jl.

I. Copal, Rich. (Cub. t. 37) ? : a form with three or more leaflets— Leaflets 4 -2 long,
12"'-6''' broad; calyx minute: teeth obsolete; petals 1"' long, including the stamens.—
Hab. Jamaica!, Wright: S. Lucia!, Anders.; S. Vincent!, Guild. ; Trinidad!, I'd.;
[Cuba (ex syn. Rich.), Guiana!].

3. IIEDWIGIA, Sw.

Characters of Idea, but corolla 4-5-fid.

3. EL balsamifera, Sw. “ Bark whitish ; leaflets 3-4 -jugal, elliptical-lanceolate
pointed quite entire ; flowers racemose ; drupe subglobose, furrowed along the dissepimcutal
lines, glabrous.” — Sw, FI. t. 13 : anal. ; cor. 4-lid.— Tuss. FI. 4. i. 30 : cor. 5-lid.— Capro-
xylon Hedwigii, Tuss. — Had. Nearly all the West Indian islands (Tuss.).

4. DACRYODES, V.

Flowers dioecious. <? : Calyx aduate to the abortive ovary : limb short, subentire.
Petals 3, valvate. Stamens 6, hemiepigynous : anthers aduate, introrse. 'j : Diary

adherent to the calyx: style simple. Drupe one-seeded (by the abortion of the second
ovule).” — A balsamiferous tree ; leaves impan-pinnute : leaflets quite entire, leathery, opaque;

$ corymbs axillary, compound.

4. B. hexandra, Gr. — Amyris, Ham.ilt. — 10-15' high, glabrous ; bark ash-coloured,
rugose • leaflets 2-3(-l)-iugal, eUiptical-oblong or elliptical-lanceolate, blunt, tapering at
the base, veiny beneath, 4"-3" long, 2"-l" broad: petiolules 2"'-3"' long at length thmkish
transvorselv rugulose ; <? corymbs pyramidal, shortly peduncled, about 3 loun . ultimate
divisions racemose, 7-3 -flowered : pedicels 2'" long ; flowers U

petals ovate-rouudish ; stamens very short, included, incurved: anthers bilocular, diupe
elliptical, pointed.”— Hab. Nevis (Ham.), Dominical, Imr., in the mountains; [Poitoncoj.

5. AMYRIS, L.

Calnx minute, 4-fid. Petals 4, imbricate. Stamens 8, hypogynous. Ovary 1-cclled :
ovules^ pendulous: stigma capitate, sessile. Drupe 1-seeded.— Balsamic, glabrous shrubs
or trees • leaves pellucid-dotted, usually opposite ( mixed sometimes with alternate ones on
the same stem), impari-pinnate or l-foliolate ; corymbs pamcled: flowers while.

5 A Plumieri, DC. Leaflets 3, ovate, usually bluntish, green on loth sides crenale:

principal veins distant, promiuulous beneath ; panicles as long as the leaves ; petals spa hu-
lPate; anthers roundish, exserted; drupe globose minute f;

—A maritima, Sw. (non Jacq.). A. sylvatica, Macf.l (non Jacq.).—. Leaflets 4 12 Ion

3"-l" broad: lateral petiolules 2"' long; drupe 2'" diam.— Hab. Jamaica!, Macf.,ld.,
March, common; [Cuba to New Granada !].

6 A sylvatica, Jacq. Leaflets 3-5, ovate or deltoid-roundish, pointed, glaucous

tih: si6 ft New ££>T “

7 A maritima, Jacq. Leaflets 3-1, ovate, with a bluntish point quite entiie oi

longer ( o i g), 1 while the Trinidad specimens have simple leaves and the aiithcrs

S' r^S-S Sl LoM.. rl. in .™l eituntioua of tic Bono I.l-.t

[Cub.iO T .. . r (7-3), ovntc-oblong, ovate-lanceolate or elliptical,

- ***** « * • —

TEREBINTHACEiE.

175

reticulated, promiiralous chiefly above ; panicles large, as long as or exceeding the leaves ;
petals oval, as long as the longer stamens ; anthers roundish ; drupe ovoid. — Kth. Nov.
Gen. t. 710. I) esc. Ft. 3. t. 211. — A. toxifera, W. A. pinnata, Kth. A. sylvatica, Rich.
Cut), {non Jac].). — 6'-15' high; leaflets 5/;-2// long, 2"-9w broad; drupe 3,,,-4w long,
2"' broad. — Hab. Jamaica!, all collect., common in the mountains; [Cuba!, Venezuela!,
New Granada!].

Robinson’s Jamaica species, quoted from Lunan in DC. Prodr., do not belong to this
Order.

Tribe II. ANA CA RDIA CEJE. — Ovary-cells 5-1 : ovules single in eacji cell.

6. SPONDIAS, Z.

Flowers polygamous. Calyx 5-4-fid. Petals 5-4. Stamens 10-8 (-15), inserted
below an hypogynous disc. Ovary 5 (-3) -celled : cells all fertile : styles short, as many as
there are cells. Pericarp drupaceous, marked around the top with the distant rudiments of
the styles.— Trees ; leaves impari-pinnate, glabrous ; flowers racemose or panicled.

9. S. lutea, Z. Leaflets 3-8-jugal, petiolulate, ovate-lanceolate or lanceolate, acuminate,
subeutire or serrulate; racemes panicled, often exceeding the leaves ; drupe ovoid (2" long).

SI. t. 219. /. 1, 2. Tuss. FI. 3. t. 28. Desc. FI. 6. t. 397- — S. Monbin, Jacq., cytherea.
Fuss., graveolens, Macf., Myrobalanus, May. !, Esseq. — A high tree ; panicle C"— 12" long :
flowers yellowish-white; drupe yellow.— Hab. Jamaica!, Al., Wils., March, common;
S. Vincent !, Guild.-, [Cuba to Venezuela, Panama !].

10. S. purpurea, Z. “Leaflets 8-10-jugal, shortly petiolulate, elliptical-oblong,
bluntish, usually serrate ; racemes simple, few-flowered, much shorter than the leaves ;
drupe obovoid (1" long).” SI. t. 219./. 3-5. Jacq. Amer. Piet. t. 131. Tuss. FI. 3. t. 8’.
Desc. FI. 5. t. 336. — S. Myrobalanus, Jacq., cironella, Tuss., lutea, Macf. — “A low tree ;
leaves deciduous : racemes lateral ; flowers purplish ; drupe yellow or tinged with purple.”
Hab. Jamaica {Jacq.), common; [Cuba to New Granada].

7. RHUS, Z.

Calyx 5 -partite or 5-lobed. Petals 5. Stamens as many, inserted into a perio-ynous
disc. Ovary 1-celled : ovule pendulous from an ascending, central funiculus : styles 3 or
stigmas subsessile as many. Pericarp drupaceous, or chy, indehiscent.— Leaves impari-
, pinnate, or i(-Y)-foholate ; flowers panicled, small.

11. R. Metopium, Z. Leaflets 2 (3-l)-jugal, oval-roundish, emarginate or rounded
at the top, quite entire, long-petiolulate, glabrous flowers hermaphrodite , corymbose ■
corymbs in axillary, racemiform panicles ; calyx 5-lobed ; stigmas subsessile ; diupe ovoid-
oblong, scarlet. SI. t. 199./. 3. Br. Jam. t. 13./. 3. Desc. FI. 2. t. 79.— A tree 1 5'-
[Cubaf*1’ lea^ets long- Hab. Jamaica!, all collect., common on limestone1 hills ;

8. COMOCLADIA, P. Br.

Flowers polygamous. Calyx 3 (-4) -partite, coloured. Petals 3 (-4). Stamens as
many, inserted into a perigyuous disc. Ovary of Rhus ; stigmas 3, sessile. Pericarp
drupaceous.— Stem nearly simple ; leaves impari-pinnate, approximate at the top of the stem

I'LTflZi %ZZ2St’ -*■**•* ” ** »-

1“teei;ifolia, Jacq. leaflets 8-10 -jugal, petiolulate, glabrous or glabrate

1 ’ °i ,0D!’ P01ited) subtruncatc at the base, inferior decrescent, ovate;

pamde puberulous or glabrate, as long ns the leaves: flowers fascicled; drupe oblong.-^/.
. ”22./. 1. Desc. FI. 2. t. 86. — Stem 10'-30' high ; leaves l'-2' long; flowers V" Iona •
drupes dark-purple— Hab. Jamaica!, Dist., Pd., Al., March, commoin ° ’

obW <hi„^°Plu qUa’ iKlk,' ,,Le^lets 5-jugal, sessile, glabrate above, rusty-pilose beneath,
a hcrtcav ’ lbtrunc‘?tc at hc ba*c> ™tire, inferior smaller.; panicle rusty-pilose, as long
Mwah , b 11CratC 1 dl'UpC • • ' -“LcaVCS 6"’ flowors long-— Hab. Jamaica l,

176

JUGLANDE2E.

14. C. ilicifolia, Sw. Leaflets 9-10 -jugal, sessile, glabrous, 3-5 -spinose, with the
spines proceeding from the midrib and principal veins, ovate-deltoid, subcordate at the base;
panicle exceeded by the leaves: flowers glomerate; drupe “ oblong.” — Plum. Ed. Bunn,
t. 118. — Drupes red. — Hab. S. Kitts 1, Antigua!, Nichols., on limestone-rocks.

9. ASTltONIUM, Jacq.

Calyx 5-partite : segments excrescent with the fruit, at length subscariose. Petals 5.
Stamens as many, inserted into a perigynous disc. Ovary 1-celled : ovule attached to the
top of the cell : styles 3, short. Achenium membranaceous. — Trees ; leaves impari-pinnate,
glabrous ; panicles lateral or axillary.

15. As. obliquum, Gr.{n.sp.). Leaves coetaneous: leaflets 3-4-jugal, ovate-lanceo-
late, pointed, quite entire, petiolulate, lateral ones oblique at the base; panicle axillary :
flowers hermaphrodite or polygamous. — Leaflets 2i"~2" long, 1" broad, leathery, somewhat
shining: principal veins straightish, 8-15-jugal; panicle glabrous, nigrescent, 3"-4" long :
branches distant ; calyx 1'" long, at length 5'" long, with a very short tube : segments
spathulate-oblong, blunt, exceeding a little the corolla ; petals oval, imbricative, twice as
long as the stamens ; anthers introrse, ovoid-oblong ; ovary oblong, exceeding the stamens ;
fruit (immature) nearly as long as the excrescent calyx.- -Hab. Trinidad!, Pd., in the
northern mountain-woods.

10*. MANGIFERA, L.

Flowers polygamous. Calyx 5 (-4) -partite, deciduous. Petals 5 (-4). Stamens perigy-
nous : 1-2 fertile, usually 4-3 sterile. Ovary 1-celled : ovule ascending : style simple,
curved. Pericarp drupaceous : putamen bivalved. Radicle inferior, ascending. — Trees ;
leaves simple, quite entire ; panicle large, terminal.

16*. M. indica, L. Leaves leathery, glabrous, oblong-lanceolate or lanceolate, pointed,
petioled, panicle pubescent; drupe glabrous. — Tuss. FI. 2. t. 15. Peso. FI. 1. i. 25. —
Drupes ovate or ovoid, 2,,-3,( long, variable in shape and colour. Hab. Naturalized in
Jamaica ! and in the Caribbean islands 1 ; [introduced from the East Indies, naturalized in
all tropical countries.]

11. ANACARDIUM, L.

Flowers polygamous. Calyx 5-partite, deciduous. Petals 5. Stamens 10-9, perigy-
nous: 1-4 of them in $ fertile. Ovary 1-celled : ovule ascending : style simple, curved.
Pericarp leathery, indehiscent, on the top of the enlarged, pyriform pedicel. Radicle inferior,
ascending. — Trees ; leaves simple, quite entire ; panicle with the distant branches corym-
biferous.

17. A. occidentale, L. Leaves leathery, glabrous, obovate or oval, rounded or emar-
ginate at the top, shortly petioled ; bracteolcs ovate, acuminate : one flower exceeding the
rest; fruit with a deep lateral notch. — Tuss. FI. 3. t. 13. TJesc. FI. 7- l- 507. — 15'— 20*
high; petals exserted, linear, acuminate, recurved; fruit l"long: its pedicel red or yellow,
about 3" long, 2" broad. — Hab. Jamaica 1 to Trinidad !, common ; [Cuba ! and Mexico to
Brazil! : naturalized in all tropical countries].

LXI. JUGLANDE2E.

Flowers unisexual, apetalous, $ amentaceous. Stamens inserted into the torus. Pistil
•syncarpous or reduced : ovules 1—4 : stigma large, papillose, usually 2-partitc, with the long
divisions subcylindrical, revolute. Drupe 1-seeded. Embryo cxalbuminous, oily : cotyle-
dons large, fleshy, anfractuose-sinuate : radicle superior. — Woody plants; leaves compound,
exstipulate.

Bitter and aromatic properties prevail in the Walnut-tribe.

1. PICRODENDRON, Planch.

Flowers $ “ amentaceous ;” ? solitary : calyx free, exinvolucrate, 5-partite, with the

LEGUMINOSJE.

177

segments unequal. Ovary 2-celled : ovules 2 in each cell, anatropou9, collateral, pendulous
from its top. Style 2-partite : divisions long, linear, revolutc. Drupe 1-celled by abortion,
1-seeded, with the rudiment of the septum persistent : putamcn at length sub-bivalved.
Seed silicate, 2-lobed at the top : testa membranaceous, produced iutcrnally as an integu-
ment of the anfractuosities of the embryo : cotyledons contiguous, many-plaited. — A shrubby
tree; leaves ternate ; £ “aments peduncled, axillary ” {ex ic. SI), $ in the axils of
young leaves, peduncled.

1. P. Juglans, Gr.—Sl. t. 157./. 1. Rich. Cub. t. 30.— Juglans baccata, L. Ehus
arborea, Macf.l {non DC). Schmidelia macrocarpa, Rich. Cub. Picrodendron arboreum,
Planch. ! — About 20' high ; leaflets lanceolate-oblong or elliptical-oblong, rounded at the
top or bluutish, petiolulate, revolute on the margin, pubescent or glabrate beneath, with the
down usually persistent along the midrib, 2"-3J'' long, nearly as long as the common
petiole ; peduncle of ? slender, pubescent, half as long as the petiole : calyx-segments
linear, blunt, l,"-2,', long, 3-4 times exceeded by the papillose style-segments; drupe
ovoid-globose, orange-yellow, 8"'-12'" long, 6"'-10w broad. — Hab. Jamaica !, Macf.,
March, in the southern arid plains between Spauish-town and Kingston ; [Cuba !, on
maritime rocks near Matanzas, Ragel ] .

Walnuts, said to be of Juglans cinerea, L., have been sent to the Kew Museum from
S. Kitts.

LXIL AMENTACEJL

Flowers unisexual, apetalous, $ or all amentaceous. Pistil syncarpous or reduced :
ovules 1-2 in each cell ; stigma divided. Fruit indehiscent, 1-seeded. Embryo exalbumi-
nous : radicle superior.— Woody plants ; leaves simple (or abortive).

Tribe I. MYRICEJE. — Flowers naked, amentaceous. Stamens 2-6 (-8). Ovary 1-
celled: ovule single, basilar, atropous : stigma bipartite. — Shrubs; leaves resinous-
dotted beneath. The bark exudes aromatic resin or wax.

1. MYRICA, L.

1. M. xnicrocarpa, Benth. ! Leaves spathulate or lanceolate, serrulate chiefly beyond
the middle, or subentire, puberulous above or glabrate : ribs puberolous beneath ; aments
dioecious, serotinous, subsolitary in the axils, £ shortly cylindrical, $ ovoid; £ bracts
wedge-shaped : stamens 4 (-5) : filaments united to the middle : column filiform, hairy ;
? bracts caducous; fruit drupaceous, ovoid, minute (lmloug). — M. xalapensis, Pcepp. Cub.!
— Leaves variable. — Hab. Jamaica!, all collect., in the high mountains. Port lloyal to tho
forest the summit of the Blue Mountains ; [Cuba I, Guiana !].

Tribe II. CASUARINE/E. — Flowers naked, amentaceous, involucrate. Stamen 1, ex-
crescent. Ovary \-celled: ovule single, pendulous: stigma bipartite. — Aphyllous,
woody plants ; ultimate branches striated : nodes encircled by a toothed leaf-sheath.

2. CASUARINA, L.

2*. C. equisetifolia, Forst. Branchlets filiform, simple : furrows 6-8 : teeth of the
sheath as many, convex-keeled on the back ; £ aments terminal, clavate-linear , ? lateral,
shortly peduucled, at length cylindrical-ovoid. — A high tree. — Hab. Naturalized in Jamaica !,
TFils.; Trinidad; [introduced from the East, now ranging through all tropical countries].

LXIII. LEGUMINOSiE.

Calyx with the odd division distant from the axis. Stamens usually 10. Carpel mostly
solitary, free: style oblique. Ovules sutural, hernitropous or anatropous. Fruit leguminous.
Seeds exalbuminous. — Leaves stipulate, compound or reduced; inflorescence centripetal.

N

178

LEGUMIN0SJ3.

Of nutritions Leguminosai the West Indies afford, — the beans of Phaseolus, Dolichos,
Vigna, Canavalia, Cajanus, Arachis, and of the cultivated Viciea ; the tubercles of Pachyr-
rhizus angulaius and of Slenolobium cmruleum ; the pulp of Inga vera, ingoides, and
setifera, of Uymencea and of Prosopis ( Algaroba). Cattle feed chiefly on Trifoliece, Vicia
saliva, and oii the pods of Calliandra Saman. A diluent, nntrilious drink is prepared from
Abrus. Gum is obtained from Prosopis juliflora and Acacia arabica, oil from Arachis.
Medical substances are,— the purgative pulp of Tamarindus indica (Tamarind), and of Cassia
Fistula; the drastic leaves of Cassia obovala (Senna) ; the bitter, emetic kernels of Guilan-
dina ; the diuretic Pithecolobium TJnguis-cati, and Mucuna pruriens ; the anthelmintic
bark of Andira inermis ; the stomachic Rhynchosia phaseoloides ; the balsam of Copaifera
officinalis (Copaiva), and similar substances occurring in Myrospermum frutescens and Plero-
carpus Draco; several powerful astringents, viz. Acacia Catechu, Lebidibia coriaria,
FLcemaioxylon, Brownea. The poisonous Piscidia and Tephrosia loxicaria are both used
to intoxicate fish. The famous pigments in this Order are the Indigo ( Indigofera tinctoria
and Anil, both generally cultivated), the Braziletto ( Peltophorum Linncei), and the Cam-
peachy- or log-wood (Hcematoxylon) . Timber-trees and valuable woods are numerous .
Brya (a hard wood), Piscidia, Plalymiscium, Ormosia, Hcematoxylon, P eltophorum^ (a cabi-
net wood), Uymencea, Copaifera, Mora excelsa (one ot the best timber-trees in Iiinidad an
Guiana), Prosopis juliflora '(wood for fuel), Piptadenia peregrina (Humboldt’s Niopo-tree),
Calliandra latifolia (wood for axe-handles), Pithecolobium filicifolium and micrademum
(both valuable), Inga vera, and other Mimosece.

Tribe 1. PAPILIONA CEM — Flowers papilionaceous. Standard exterior in the hid.

Stamens perigynous. Embryo mostly curved.

Subtribe 1. G ENISTEAH. — Stamens monadelplious. Wings foveolate— Leaves palmate,

or devoid of leaflets.

1. CROTALARIA, L.

Standard cordate. Keel falcate. Anthers alternately unequal. Legume inflexed, usually
oblong. — Herbs or shrubs; flowers usually racemose; racemes opposite the leaves or

terminal.

* Leaves devoid of leaflets ( i.e . phyllodia).

+ Stipules decurrent.

1. C. stipularis, Desv. Annual, erect, subhirsule-pubescent ; leaves oval or lanceo-
late' sessile • stipules broadly decurrent, with a semilunar, incurved top ; peduncles lateral,
elongated, few-flowered ; calyx deeply 5-fid, usually as long as the corofia : segments lanceo-
late ; legume oblong, glabrous, shortly stipitate.— Mart. 1<1. Bras. 24. t. 3 , Desc. rt f l.
434 _CS sagittalis, Desv— Usually suffrutescent, 1' high or higher ; down erect or spreadmg ,
flowers yellow ; legume 1” long.

a. Leaves oval, large (2" long). s

13. oblongata. Upper leaves oblong-lanceolate, blunt (2 long)

y. sericea. Down sericeous; leaves lanceolate, bluntish (1' long): upper ones small

(6 lll^.^DOTfinRa^^i^r.^a^'T), S. Vincent !, Guild. ; Trinidad !, Lockh. ; [Guadeloupe!
(P) ; Guiana to Brazil 1].

2 C. pterocaula, Desv. Annual, virgate, subscriceous-pubcscent ; leaves hnear or
lanc'eolate-lineai-, acuminate, sessile : stipules narrowly long-decurrent, with a short, tn-
curved-subulate top ; peduncles few-flowered ; calyx 5 -partite, nearly as long as the corol aj
segments lanceolate ; legume oblong, glabrous, shortly stipitate.— Mart FLBr^.U. . 2
C fruticosa Milt, in Macf.—Z'-F high, nearly branchless jleaves 3 -1 long, 3 - br

lowers yellow, with a purple-striate standard ; legume lV'-l" long.-HAB. Jamaica!, Pd. ;
Trinidad !, Cr., in savannahs ; [Veraguas, New Granada 1, Brazil !, 1 em 1] .

ft Stipules sessile, or obsolete ; (species of East-Indian origin.)

3* c verrucosa, L. Annual, erect, glabreseent ; branches and peduncles 4-3-angled ;
leaves ov^XSy pooled : stipules sessile, semilunar, rounded, reflexed ; racemes many-

LEGUMIN0S7E.

179

flowered, pedunclcd : calyx bilabiate to the middle, half as long as the corolla : superior
lobes ovate, inferior lanceolate ; legume oblong, sessile, pubescent with appressed down.
— Bot. Mag. t. 3034. — Leaves blunt in the West Indian form ; flowers variegatcd-bluc. —
Hab. Jamaica 1, a common weed in the fields; Bahamas 1 and Caribbean Islands!; [East
Indies !].

4*. C. sericea, Betz, (non Burnt.). Stem erect, obtuse-angled, glabrous; leaves lan-
ceolate-oblong, shortly petioled, blunt, mucronulate, glabrous above, subsericeous-pubescent
beneath, pellucid-dotted : stipules sessile, semi-sagittate, reflexed ; racemes terminal, elon-
gated, many-flowered : the lowest bracts sterile ; calyx bilabiate, exceeded by the corolla :
superior lobes ovate, inferior ovate-lanceolate ; legume oblong, shortly and broadly stipitate,
glabrous. — C. Leschenaultii, Mac/, (non DC.). — Habit of a stout Lupinus ; stem 2'-3'
high ; flowers bright-yellow. — Hab. Naturalized in Jamaica 1, Wils. ; [East Indies !].

5*. C. retusa, L, Annual; stem erect, striate, subsericeous-pubescent or glabrate;
leaves spathulate, very shortly petioled, rounded or retuse at the top, glabrous above, sub-
sericeous-pubescent beneath, pellucid-dotted : stipules minute, subulate-setaceous, or want-
ing ; racemes terminal, elongated, many-flowered; calyx bilabiate, exceeded by the corolla:
superior lobes ovate, inferior lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate ; legume oblong, very shortly
and broadly stipitate, glabrous. — Bot. Mag. t. 2560. — C. sericea, Burm. (Ind. t. 48./'. 1) :
probably a form with mucronate leaves. — l'-2' high ; flowers yellow ; the standard varie-
gated.— IIab. Jamaica !, very common ; Bahamas !, Caribbean Islands 1, Trinidad ! ; [Cuba to
Brazil I, East Indies 1],

6*. C. juncea, I. Annual ; stem erect, striate-cylindrical, sericeous-pubescent ; leaves
linear or oblong-linear, mucrouate, very shortly petioled, sericeous-pubescent chiefly beneath,
obsoletely dotted : stipules minute, setaceous ; racemes terminal, elongated, with many dis-
tant flowers; calyx tomentose, 5-partite or bilabiate, exceeded by the corolla : segments lanceo-
late-linear (the inferior sometimes cohering at the top) ; legume oblong, subsessile, villous-
tomentose. — Bot. Mag. t. 490, 1933. — C. fenestrata, Sims. — Stem virgate, 2' high; flowers
yellow. — IIab. Jamaica 1, March; [East Indies].

7*. C. tetragona, Boxb. Suffrutescent ; branches acutely tetragonal, pubescent ;
leaves elongated, lanceolate-linear, acuminate, very shortly petioled, strigose-pubescent or
glabrate : stipules minute, setaceous ; racemes terminal and lateral, with many distant, re-
supinate flowers ; calyx rusty-velvety, deeply bilabiate, exceeded by the corolla : segments
lanceolate (the inferior usually cohering at the top) ; legume oblong, sessile, tomentose. —
Bot. Repos, t. 593. — Inferior leaves often 10” long, 8'" broad ; calyx large, with a dark-
rusty tomentum ; flowers yellow. — Hab. Jamaica !, Al. ; S. Andrews, in gravelly river-beds ;
[East Indies].

8*. C. naaa, Burm. Annual ; stem hairy with appressed down, low, cylindrical ; leaves
oblong-linear, mucronulate, shortly petioled, strigose-pubescent chiefly beneath: stipules
none; peduncles lateral, few-flowered ; calyx deeply bilabiate : superior lobes and inferior
segments lanceolate ; legume oblong, subsessile, glabrous, twice as long as the calyx. —
Burm. Ind. t. 48./. 2 : agreeing exactly with our plant, which is in fruit, while Wight
and Arnott’s diagnosis corresponds less. — Stem 4” long; legume 8"1 long, 3'" broad. — Hab.
Jamaica!, Wullschl., Manchester at Fairfield ; [East Indies],

9*. C. fulva, Boxb. Shrubby; branches cylindrical, pubescent or sericeous ; leaves ob-
long-lanceolate, blunt, mucronulate, very shortly petioled, sericeous-pubescent or glabrate :
stipules none ; racemes compound, in a terminal panicle ; calyx 5-partite, sericeous on the
outside, exceeded by the corolla, excrescent : segments flat, ovate, bluntish ; legume oval,
sessile, villous, enclosed within the calyx. — C. Berteriana, DC. — 10' high ; down appressed,
whitish or fulvous.— IIab. Naturalized in Jamaica !, Bancr., Wils. ; S. Vincent 1, Guild. ;
[East Indies !].

** Leaves 8-foliolate, long-petioled.

C. pumila, Ort. Annual, ascending, diffuse, pubescent or glabrate ; leaflets 3, ovate,
o uanceolate, or obcordate : stipules minute, deciduous ; racemes few-flowered, corymbiform,
terminal; calyx 5-fid, exceeded by the corolla: lobes ovate, pointed; keel with a straight,
horizontal beak ; legume short, obovate-oblong, sessile, puberulous, much longer than the
calyx. G. lupulina, DC. C. litoralis, DC. C. diehotoma, Grab. ! C. tepicana, Hoo/c. Am. !

n 2

180

LEGUMINOS7E.

C. puberula, J.I). nook. I—V high, or lower; leaflets 8"'-8"', standard 4'", legume 6'" long.
a. Leaflets hlunt or snbretuse.

j8. obcordata. Leaflets smaller, obcordate. „

I-Iau. Jamaica 1, A/., March, M‘ Nab, rare; Bahamas !, Antigua !, Nichole., Wullschl.;

S. Vincent!, Guild,.; [Cubal (a, jB); New Mexico!, Texas 1, Mexico!, Venezuela! ; Galapagos!].

11. C. lotifolia, L. Shrubby, diffuse; leaflets 3, elliptical-lanceolate, sericeous beneath
(or glabrescent) : stipules minute ; 'peduncles short , axillary, 1- or few-flowered ; calyx deeply
5-fid shortly exceeded by the corolla : lobes lanceolate ; legume spathidate-oblong, puberu-
lous, stipitate.—Sl. t. 176./. 1, 2.— Leaflets li"-l", flowers 6"', legume li long.— IIab.
Jamaica!, Pd.; [trop. Africa].

12. C. incana, L. Annual ; stem erect, pubescent ; leaflets 3, obovate or oval, hairy be-
neath or glabrescent : stipules minute, deciduous; racemes opposite to the leaves, 5 -many-
flowered ; calyx deeply 5-fid, exceeded by the corolla : lobes ovate-lanceolate ; keel bearded on
the margin, with a horizontal beak ; legume pendulous, oblong, pilose with spreading hairs,
subsessile. — SI. t. 179. /. 1— C. cubensis, PC. Chrysocalyx Schimperi, Hochst.l— tmtlru-
ticose, 2'-4' high; leaflets 2"-l"long; flowers greenish-yellow, 5"'-6 'long; legumelO long,
6'" diain. — IIab. Jamaica !, Macf., March, Al., common ; Antigua 1, Wullschl. ; Boinimea
Imr. ; S. Vincent I, Guild. ; [Cuba and Mexico 1 to Brazil 1, Galapagos ! ; trop. Africa!].

13. C. axiagyroid.es, Kth. Shrubby; stem erect, puberulous ; leaflets 3 ovate-lan-
ceolate, pointed, subsericeous-pubescent beneath and glabrate: stipules minute, deciduous ;
racemes many-flowered; calyx sericeous, 5-fid or bilabiate, twice exceede ly e7?010,/’
lobes subulate-lanceolate ; keel bearded on the margin, with a short beak, equalling Vie
wings ; legume spreading, oblong, puberulous with long appressed hairs, stipita e. A/.
Dombeyana, DC. C. Hookeri, Am.- Leaflets 3"-H" long, cuneate at the base ; flowers 8
long; legume 2"-H" long, 6"' diam.— Hab. Domimcal, Imr. ; S. Vincent!, Guild.; lnm-
dad!, Cr. ; [Mexico !, Guiana !, Brazil!, Montevideo 1, New Granada ., Peru IJ.

14 C striata, PC. Herbaceous or suffruteseent ; stem erect, puberulous ; leaflets 3,
elliptical, mucronulate, puberulous or glabrate beneath : stipules obsolete or none-, racemes
terminal, elongated, m any -flowered ; calyx puberulous ,5-fid or bilabiate, more th“ |*W1C?
ceeded by the keel : lobes subulate-lanceolate; keel puberulous on the margin wi th a loj
subulate beak, twice as long as the wings ; legume cernuous, oblong, shghtly Fibeiulous
with appressed minute down, stipitat e.-Bot. Mag. t. 3200.-C. Brownei, Berter-Zl
high ■ leaflets 4"-li" long ; flowers about 6'" long, yellow, with purplish veins , legume 1»
long, 3'"-4' diam.— Hab. Jamaica 1, Pd., Wils.,AL, March, Wullschl., common ; [Brazil !,
tropical Africa!, East Indies !].

*** Leaves §-foliolate , long-petio led.

15* C. auinquefolia, L. Annual, erect, puberulous or glabrescent ; leaflets Jr, lan-
ceolate bluntish : stipules minute ; racemes many-flowered : bracts reflexed ; calyx g a ious,
5-fid twice exceeded by the corolla : lobes ovate, pointed ; keel glabrous on J

befu Ions along the dorsal line ; “ legume obovate-oblong g abrous stipfiate -^d.Mffl
K 28 -L^ets 3" long, inferior smaller; flowers 10"' long. -Hab. Naturalized in Ja-
maica!, Wits. ; [East Indies], ^ £ . •

Calyx bilabiate nearly to the base : superior Up 2-, inferior 3 -toothed Anthers » ™^uaL

Legume inflated, short.— Spiny shrubs; leaves transformed into spmescentphyllodia.

16*. U. europseus, L. Erect, diffuse, pubescent ; flowers axiflary : In^teo!^ ov^;
keel straight, as long as the wings ; legume oblong, villous, exceeding ‘ v„ ’<■ ■

3'-6' high ; flowers yellow.— Hab. Naturalized in the high mountains of Jamaica {Macf.) ,

[introduced from Western Europe].

Subtkibe 2. TRIFOL IE2E.— Stamens diadelphous.— Leaves 3(-5)-foliolate ; leaflct-vcius

usually produced to the margin.

3*. TRIEOLIUM, L.

Petals marcescent, including the legume, all or part of them connected bclow.-Flowcrs
capitate or umbellate.

LEGUMINOS/E.

181

17*. T. repens, L. Creeping, perennial, glabrous ; leaflets obovate, dentate: stipules
subulate above ; peduncles axillary : flowers umbellate, bracteolate, white, at length reflcxcd ;
calyx-teeth lanceolate, superior as long as the tube; legume 4-secded. — Hab. Naturalized in
mountain-pastures, Jamaica (Mac/.), [introduced from Europe].

18*. T. filiforme, L., Wahlenb. Annual; leaflets obovate, emarginate, serrulate, the
middle pctiolnlate : stipules semiovate ; peduncles axillary : flowers shortly pedieelled, 15-3,
bracteolate, yellow ; standard smooth, oblong, tapering into the claw ; legume ovoid, 1 -seeded,
stipitate, shortly mucronate. — T. procumbens, Soy. Willem. — IIab. Naturalized in Jamaica!,
Jills., common in the mountains at 4000', [introduced from Europe],

Subtribe 3. GALEGE/E. Stamens diadelphous (rarely monadelphous). Legume
mostly bivalved. — Leaves pinnate (1-foliolate).

4. INDIGOFERA, L.

Calyx 5-fid. Standard roundish : keel with a subulate spur on each side. Stamens dia-
delphous : anthers apiculate. Legume bivalved : seeds usually truncate, separated by
spurious dissepiments. — Herbs or shrubs ; hairs often attached by their middle ; leaves
impari-pinnate (— 1 -folio! ate) ; flowers in axillary racemes, variegated-purplish.

19. I. subulata, V. Suffrutescent, sparingly pubescent with appressed hairs ; leaflets
2 (-3-1) -jugal, opposite, oval, mucronate: stipules long, setaceous; racemes peduncled, ex-
ceeding the leaves : flowers distant ; calyx-lobes long, subulate ; legume tetragonal, elon-
gated, linear, pointed, many-seeded, reflexed .— Wight Ic. 2. t. 387.— 1. scabra, Pth. I. mu-

nrniinfa / T 7, / T 1 _• i rr y a > / rr , 7 \

crouata, Spreng., Macf. I I. flaccida, Roxb . ! I. lespedezoides, Hoolc. Am. ! (non Kth.). —

eneath, 12"'-8"' long ; flowers 2"'-3'", legume 2"-l"

Branches trailing; leaflets pale beneath, „ ,uu& , ,lul>clo „ _0 ; 1C„UUJC a _A

long. — Hab. Jamaica!, Mat/., March, common in mountain-thickets; [Mexico ! to Vene-
zuela ! ; East Indies 1] .

20*. I. hirsuta, L. Annual; stem covered with soft, spreading hairs ; leaflets 2—5-
jugal, opposite, obovate-oblong, sericeous-pubescent chiefly beneath : stipules long, seta-
ceous; racemes peduncled, usually exceeding the leaves; calyx-lobes subulate, about°as long
as the corolla ; legume tetragonal , linear, mucronate, 4-6-seeded.— Hab. Naturalized in
S. Vincent [ Guild. ; [East Indies! to China!, trop. Australia!, trop. Africa! to Natal!].

21. I. viscosa, Lam. Annual, suffrutescent ; branches, petioles, and legumes qlu-
hnous with stipitate glands ; leaflets 4-8-jugal, elliptical-oblong, pubescent with appressed
hairs chiefly beneath: stipules long, setaceous; racemes peduncled, few-flowered ,• calyx-
Jobes subulate; legume cylindrical, linear, 12-6-seeded.— Wight Ic. 2 t 704 I in-
qmnans, 7r.-Leguraes distant, straight, 10'"-12"'-long.-HAB. Antigua!, Wullsclil. ;
[Haiti; trop. Africa!, East Indies].

22*. I tinctoria, L. _ Suffrutescent, slightly pubescent ; leaflets 6-4-jngal, opposite,
oval, or obovate-oblong : stipules subulate ; racemes sessile ; calyx -lobes triangular ; legume
linear, subcompressed-cylmdrica], slightly torulose, somewhat thickened along the lines of
dehiscence, many-seeded, deflexed-spreading, straightish or incurved. — SI. t. 179 f. 2
JJesc.M t 17— I. tinctoria, a, DC. (non j3). — Legume 16'"- 14'" long, 1'" broad.—

AfrfcatSS]111 M<lCf" M" March; [East Iudics! t0 China ! ; tropical

, I',Ann^oZ„ . Suffrutescent, whitish-perberulous on the branches and under side of
leaflets; leaflets 3-7-,, ugal, opposite, spathulatc-oblong : stipules subulate; racemes sessile;
caljx-lobcs tiiaiigular ; legume oblong-linear, cylindrical, not torulose, much thickened along
the dorsal linc,6-3-seeded, arcuate-inflexed.—Sl. t. !76./. 3. Tuss.Fl.2 t 9—1 Anil

all c’oH vcT 7)' ' tlnCt0r,iu’ A ^'[-~Lf&ulne long, IV" broad.-ILvB. ' Jamaica l’,

Si ';n y 7TM; tj'al;[lllicau Islands !, Trinidad!; [South Carolina ! to Brazil !; natu-
ralized in tropical Africa !, East Indies I, China !].

5. TEPIIROSIA, Pers.

Sffndard ''oundish : wings transversely rugulose, usually adhering to the
tusc keel. Vexillar stamen adhering to the column above its base (or distinct). Legume

182

LEGUMINOSiE.

flatly compressed, many-seeded. — Leaves impari-pinnate ( rarely 3-1); flowers racemose,
{rarely fascicled), purplish, llue, or while ; standard usually sericeous on the outside.

Sect. 1. Eutephuosia. — Vexillar stamen adhering, flowers racemose. — Leaves pinnate.

24. T. toxicaria , Pers. Suffrutescent ; stem erect, silicate, velvety; leaflets 10-20-
jugal, oblong-linear, petiolulate, sericeous-pubescent chiefly beneath : stipules subulate-seta-
ceous ; racemes terminal and axillary , many-jloivered, elongated: pedicels fascicled ;_ calyx-
lobes ovate 2 superior ones shorter ; standard sericeous ; stj/le pubescent ; legume continuous,
pubescent —Pass. FI. 1. 1. 20. lesc. FI. 3. 1. 183. Mart. Ft. Bras. 24. t. 8.— Galega, Sw.

T. Schiedeana, Schlecht. /— 4'-5' high ; leaflets H"-2", flowers 8"'-10»', legume 2" long -^co-
rolla blue. — Hab. Trinidad 1 Loclch. ; cultivated, rarely wild in Jamaica {Mac/.)-, [Mexico !
to Brazil !, introduced into the East Indies].

25. * T. gran diflora, Pers. Shrubby; stem erect, striate, puberulous; leaflets
4-6(-9)-jugal, lanceolate-oblong, mucronate, petiolulate, pubescent beneath: stipules ovate,
pointed, marcescent ; racemes terminal, few-flowered : pedicels solitary ; calyx-lobes subu-
late the lowest longer ; standard puberulous ; style pilose ; legume continuous, ciliate on
both margins.— Leaflets G'"-8'", flowers 8"'-10" long; corolla rosy— Hab. Naturalized in
the Blue Mountains of Jamaica!,^/., Wils., iu coffee-plantations, up to 4000 ; [intro-
duced from the Cape].

26. T. leptostachya, DC. Annual ; stem ascending, often suffrutescent, puberulous,

angular above; leaflets 4-6-jugal, obversely lanceolate or obovate-oblong,.retuse usually rnu-
cronulate, puberulous beneath : stipules lanceolate-setaceous ; racemes terminal or opposite
to the leaves : flowers at length distant, 2-3 together; calyx-lobes subulate subequal;
standard sericeous, twice as long as the calyx: keel horizontally incurved; style glabrous :
stiqma capitate, glabrous (or with a few hairs); legume continuous pubescent, spreading,
5-8-seeded. — T. ascendens, Macf . ! — 1'-2' high ; leaflets 6"'-10'«, flowers 4 long; corolla
pale-purplish.— Hab. Jamaica 1, Macf, M‘ Nab, in dry savannahs; [Mexico!, Venezuela.,
Brazil!, tropical Africa!]. ,

27. T. cinerea, Pers. Suffrutescent, diffuse, hoary -pub escent ; leaflets 4-7 -jugal, ob-
versely lanceolate : stipules subulate or lanceolate-setaceous ; racemes opposite to the leaves :
flowers geminate or solitary ; calyx-lobes subulate, subequal; standard sericeous, thrice as
long as the calyx; vexillar stamen slightly adhering ; styles glabrous : stigma long-cihate ;
legume continuous, pubescent, spreading, 5-10-seeded— Galega, L. T procumbens, Macf.
—Stem 1'-1V long, usually procumbent ; leaflets 6"'-12", flowers 5 -6 long; corolla

10 1. Down oppressed, subsericeous.— Jacq.Ic. Far t. 575.

fl. litoralis, Pers. Down spreading, villous.— Jacq. Amer. Piet. t. 192. Galega, L.

LChIb. 'jamaica 1, Macf, Fist, (a), March (0), in savannahs and on the scasliorei Ba-
hamas! (0), S. Kitts! (o), Antigua!, Wullschl., Dominica! Imr.; [Cuba! and Mexico 1 to
Brazil ! and Montevideo !].

Sect 2. PiEGOLOBiTO— Vexillar stamen free. Legume tumid on both margins.
Flowers fascicled or single, axillary.— Leaflets 3-1.

28 T. brevipes, Benth. Shrubby ; branches virgate, cylindrical, sericeous-tomentose ;
leaves shortly petioled : leaflets 3-1, linear-lanceolate, blunt, glabrous above, sericeous-
tomentose and silvery-shining beneath: stipidcs minute, setaceous ; peduncles axillary, 3 1,
as long as or exceeded by the petiole ; calyx-lobes lanceolate, inferior longer ; staudai d seri-
ceous ^ style glabrous : stigma penicillate ; legume 6-9-seeded, arcuate above viUons-toine -
tose : down rusty on the tumid margins.-Cytisus sessiliflorus Poir. Rhynchosia, PC.

p . nr 7„ Leaflets 3"-2// long, 5,,; — S”' broad, shortly petiolulate, stnate with nume

E hlftmu ™nt veins peS V'-l"' long, dilated at the top; calyx 2*"', standard

JjnStfSSTftre.’ W broad. Hab. Trinidad I, C,. ,«

savannahs; [Portorico, Guiana, Brazil].

6. CRACCA, Benth.

Calyx 5-fid. Standard roundish ; wings transversely rugulose, free from the pointed

LEGUMTN0S7E.

183

keel. Stamens diadclphous. Legume flatly compressed, bivalved : seeds separated by spu-
rious dissepiments. — Herbs; leaves impari-pinnate ; racemes axillary: flowers scattered.

29. C. caribaea, Benth. Suffrutescent, sericeous-pubescent (rarely “ glabrescent”) ;
leaflets 7-9(-3-12 ) -jugal, lanceolate-oblong, mucronate ; racemes peduncled, l'evv-flowered;
calyx-lobes twice as long as the tube, the lowest longer, and exceeding half the keel. — Jacq.
Amer. Piet. t. 193 : the glabrescent form. — Galega, Jacq. Tephrosia, DC. T. mollis,
Klh. — Leaflets 8W— 10w, flowers o’" -6'", legume 2" long; corolla rosy, variegated with
white. The old garden-plant, cultivated in Germany at Jacquin’s time, is pubescent, and
agrees well with our species. — Hab. Antigua!, Wullschl.; Dominica!, Imr. ; S. Lucia!,
Anders.; [Haiti!, S. Thomas!, Central America, Venezuela, Guayaquil!].

7. COURSETIA, DC.

Calyx shortly and unequally 5-dentate. Standard roundish : wings transversely rugu-
lose, free from the keel. Stamens diadelphous. Style circulate, pubescent. Legume flatly
compressed, continuous, shortly stipitate or subsessile, slightly margined on both margins. —
Trees or shrubs; leaves abruptly pinnate, with a terminal mucro ; racemes axillary:
flowers scattered.

30. C. arborea, Gr. (n. sp). Leaflets 9-15-jugal, oblong, bluntish, pubescent be-
neath, at length glabrescent ; racemes peduncled, shorter than the leaves ; calyx -teeth
triangular, villous on the margin, the superior ones 4 times shorter than the tube ; keel
shortly falcate ; legflrae linear, elongated, subsessile. — A tree, 20,-40' high ; leaflets 2"-l"
long; racemes 5— many-flowered, pubescent; peduncle subdivided at the base : pedicels

long, cemuous, jointed at the top ; calyx 2"' long, pubescent : corolla whitish-violet :
standard 8"' long ; legume 5 "-3" long, 3" broad : stalk included within the calyx. — Hab.
Trinidad!, Lockh., Cr.; [S. Jean!, Panama!, Venezuela!, Guiana!],

8. SABINEA, DC.

Calyx turbinate, truncate-subentire or 5 -denticulate. Standard roundish, as long as
the free, auricled wings, exceeded by the blunt keel. Stamens diadelphous. Style in-
curved, glabrous, exserted. Legume flatly compressed, continuous, long-stipitate, linear. —
Shrubs ; leaves abruptly pinnate, glabrescent, deciduous : leaflets small, mucronate, petio-
lulate ; flowers axillary/fascicled or subsolitary, rosy.

31. S. florida, DC. Leaflets 8-15 -jugal, oblong or elliptical-oblong ; calyx subentire;
wings obovate: keel broad, semiorbicular ; style circinate. — Vahl, Sgmb. 3. t. 70. — Ro-
binia, V. — Leaflets 4'", pedicels 1 2,"-6'", calyx ltf", standard and wings 6'", keel 8'" long.
— Hab. Dominica !, Imr. ; [S. Thomas !].

32. S. carinalis, Gr. (n. sp.). Leaflets 6-8-jugal, oblong; calyx repand-subentire, or
obsoletely denticulate : wings spathulate-oblong : keel elongated, oblong, slightly curved at
the dilated top ; style incurved. — Leaflets distant, mucronulale-bluut, glabrous, 6w-5'"
long, 2"' broad : petiole hairy ; flowers precocious, large, bright-scarlet, fascicled : fascicles
5-3-flowered : pedicels 4" long ; calyx 4'" long, spreading ; wings and recurved standard 1",
keel 16"'-18'" long; style exserted. — Hab. Dominica!, Imr., on the seashore.

9*. AGATI, Ad.

Calyx campanulate, denticulate-repand. Standard oval-oblong, exceeded by the free
wings and the obtusely falcate keel. Stamens diadelphous. Legume compressed, elongated,
linear, stipitate, tumid on both margins : seeds separated by spurious dissepiments. — A
small tree; leaves abruptly pinnate: leaflets many-jugal; racemes axillary, few flowered ;
flowers very large ; legume pendulous, upwards of i' long.

33 . A. grandiflora, Desv. — 72 heed. Mai. 1. t. 51. — TEsonynomcnc, L. — Leaflets
pubescent or glabrescent; flowers 3" long, rosy-white or red (A. coccinea, Desv.).— Hab.
Naturalized in Jamaica !, and Caribbean Islands ! ; [introduced from the East Indies].

10. SESBANIA, Pets.

Calyx 5-dcntatc. Standard roundish, with a callosity on its claw. Stamens diadelphous,

184

LEGUMIN0S2E.

Legume linear, subscssile or shortly stipitate, impressed along both margins, tardily de-
hiscent : seeds separated by spurious dissepiments. — Virgate shrubs or suffrutescent herbs :
leaves abruptly pinnate : leaflets often irritable ; racemes axillary.

34. S. eeg'yptiaca, Pers. Stem shrubby, striate; leaflets 10-18-jugal, oblong-linear,
glabrous, glaucescent ; racemes 3-12-flowered, as long as, or a little shorter than the leaves ;
calyx thrice shorter than the corolla : teeth triangular ; standard dotted with purple ; legume
torulose, compressed, at length subcyliudrical, the valves becoming convex : margins
tumid. — Cav. Ic. t. 314. — S. pieta, Pers. ( non Lindl). S. punctata, DC. — Leaflets 8"'-l 2'"
long, 3"' broad, not irritable; flowers 6'", legume 5"-7" long ; corolla yellow. — Hab. Ja-
maica!, March, Wils., on the seashore; [Guiana!, tropical Africa !, Egypt !, East Indies],

35. S. aculeata, Pers. Stem suffrutescent, prickly, cylindrical; leaflets 20-50 -jugal,

linear, glabrous, glaucescent; racemes peduncled, few-flowered, about half as long as the
leaves ; calyx thrice shorter than the corolla : teeth unequal, anterior short, subulate, pos-
terior triangular ; standard dotted with purple ; legume compressed, at length biconvex,
not torulose, or slightly so, sharply beaked, slightly margined on both margins. — Jaca.
Ic. Par. t. 564. — S. muricata, Macf.l S. occidentalis, /3, Gr. in PI. Carib. — Leaflets 6w-8 "
long, broad, irritable; flowers 6"', legume 10"-12" long; corolla yellow. —ILab.

Jamaica!, Macf., along roadsides ; Antigua!, Wullschl.; S. Vincent!, Guild, [tropical Africa,
East Indies].

36. S. sericea, DC. Stem suffrutescent, unarmed, cylindrical, pubescent, leaflets
12-20 -jugal, oblong-linear ; racemes short, few-flowered, 4 times or m'ore exceeded by the
leaves ; calyx thrice shorter than the corolla : teeth subulate ; standard dotted with purple ;
legume compressed, at leugth biconvex, not torulose, shortly beaked, slightly depressed,
tumid on both margins. — S. occidentalis, Gr. in PI. Carib. — Leaflets irrioable, 8w,-l2 " long,

broad, blunt or retuse-mucronulate ; flowers 6'", legume 8"-10" long. — Hab. An-
tigua!, Wullschl.; [Guadeloupe!].

37. S. occidentalis, Pers. Stem angular, suffrutescent or shrubby, glabrous ; leaflets
\2-2Q-jugal, oblong -linear ; racemes short, few-flowered, 4 times or more exceeded by the
leaves ; calyx .5 times shorter than the corolla .- teeth subulate, short ; standard dotted with
purple -. legume compressed, at length biconvex, not torulose, shortly beaked, slightly de-
pressed, tumid on both margins. — Plum. Ed. Bunn. L.125./. 1 : the flowers are not hir-
sute” in the figure, but merely dotted. — Bot. Reg. t. 873. — S. picta, Lind. -Leaflets 6
long, 2'" broad, slightly irritable ; flowers 10'", legume 8"-10' long. Hab. Trinidad (Bot.
Peg.)-, [Cuba!, Guadeloupe!].

38. S. exasperata, Kth. Stem angular, suffrutescent or shrubby, glabrous; leaflets
25-50 -jugal, linear ; racemes peduncled, 3— 8-flowered, about half as long as the leaves;
calyx 4 times shorter than the corolla : teeth subequal, triangular; standard not dotted;
legume compressed, at length biconvex, slightly torulose above, channelled on both margins.
— Leaflets longer, and flowers larger than in S. aculeata, commonly unarmed ; leaflets
10'"-12'" long, H"' broad, irritable ; flowers 10"'-12"', legume 8"-10' long.— Hab. Ja-
maica ( Benth .); Trinidad!, Cr.; [Guatemala, Guiana!, Venezuela, Brazil!].

Subtribe 4. EEBYSAREJE.— Legume lomentaceous, i. e. transversely divided into
several one-seeded joints, rarely reduced to a single indehiscent joint.

11. iESCHYNOMENE, L.

Calyx bilabiate, or 5-fid, bibracteolate. Standard roundish, entire: keel cymbiform,
its petals distinct at the base. Staminal column divided into 2 pentandrous buudles, or
entire. Lomentum compressed, stipitate : joints many or several.— Shrubs or herbs ; leaves
irritable, impari-pinnate : stipules scarious ; racemes axillary, usually few-Jlowei ea.

39. IE. sensitiva, Sw. Shrubby or suffrutescent, glabrous (or glandular) \ leaflets
15-20-iugal, oblong-linear, uninerved: stipules semisagittatc ; racemes few-flowered ; calyx
bilabiate ; lomentum long -stipitate, straight, 9-6-jointcd : joints quadrate, rectilinear on
the superior, slightly curved on the inferior margin. Plum. Ed Burn,, t. 149 f. 2
Branched, 6' high ; flowers whitish, 3"' long ; lomentum-jomts 2* 3 diam. Hab. Do-

minical, Imr., S Lucia; Trinidadl, Loclcli. f>.,in swamps; [Guadeloupe!, Panama I, Ecuador!,
Venezuela!, Guiana !, Brazil!, tropical Africa],

185

LEGTJMIN0S2E.

40. IE. nmericana, L. Stem virgatc, pi/ose, herbaceous or snffrutcsccnt ; leaflets
10-20(— 7)-jugnl, oblong-linear, oblique at the base, inucronate, 3-4-nerved ; stipules calcarate ;
raeemes few-flowered ; calyx bilabiate ; lomentum shortly stipitate, incurved, 8-4(-2)-
jointed, contracted at the dissepiments : joints haf-rouncl , rectilinear on the superior, roundish
on the inferior margin. — SI. t. 118./. 3. — Stein 3-2' high; flowers 3"' long, yellow or
purplish ; lomentum -joints glabrescent, lb1" diam. — Hab. Jamaica !, all coll., common in
wet pastures ; S. Kitts !, Els. ,- S. Vincent !, Trinidad ! ; [Cuba ! and Mexico 1 to Brazil !].

41. IE. brasiliana, DC. Stem erect, herbaceous or suffruteseent, glandular-pilose,
(or glabrescent) ; leaflets 4-6 -jugal, obovatc-oblong, uninerved, veiny : stipules lanceolate ;
racemes exceeding the leaves, simple or compound : branches few-flowered ; calyx 5-fid ;
lomentum long -stipitate. straight, reflexed, 2-4 (-1) -jointed, contracted at the dissepiments:
joints half-round, rectilinear on the superior, rounded on the inferior, flatly depressed margin.
—A. paueijuga, EC. — Flowers 2"' long; lomentum-joints 1/" diam., glandular or glabrous.
— Hab. Trinidad ! Lockh., Cr., in savannahs and along roadsides, scarce ; [Cuba !, Vene-
zuela! to Brazil ! and Peru !].

12. ZORNIA, Gmel.

(Myriadenus, Eesv .)

Calyx bilabiate, bibracteolate. Standard roundish, folded : wings transversely rugulose.
Stamens monadelphous. Lomentum compressed : joints many to 2. — Herbs ; leaves digitate .-
leaflets 2-4, usually dotted: stipules with a basilar appendage ,- inflorescence from the
uppermost axils or terminal. .

42. Z. diphylla, Pers. Annual, diffuse ; leaflets 2, ovate or lanceolate, pointed ;
flowers distant in peduncled spikes; superior calyx-lip emarginate-obtuse, inferior 3-fid;
lomentum-joints 2-7, roundish, convex and muricate, or reticulated, on the sides.- — Mart.
FI. Bras. 24. t. 21, 22. — Hedysarum, L. Z. reticulata, Sm. Z. gracilis, EC. Z. havanensis,
Rich. — Variable in the pubescent down, the dots in the leaves and bracts, the shape of the
leaflets, the size of the flowers, and the glochides of the lomentum ; flowers yellow, concealed
in the stipular bracts.

a. reticulata, Benth. Leaflets ovate or ovate-lanceolate (6,"-12'" long) ; corolla 41
long.

0. elatior, Benth. Leaflets lanceolate (12,,,-18w long) ; corolla 6m long. — FI. Bras l c
t. 21./. 1.

y. vulgaris, Benth. Leaflets ovate (4",-6'" long) ; corolla 3,"-4,// long.

Hab. Jamaica! (a, fl), March, Al., Wullschl. ; Dominica ! (7), Imr. ; Barbardoes !,
Lane ; Trinidad ! (fl), Cr. ; [New Mexico to Rio Grande do Sul ! ; all trop. countries].

Sloane’s figure (t. 116. f. 3), quoted erroneously as the Brazilian Z. myriadena, Benth.,
refers to an unknown Jamaica plant with 4 leaflets, found by Sloane in the savannah uear Two-
mile-wood.

13*. LOUREA, Neck.

Calyx 5-fid, reticulated-veiny, at length inflated. Standard obcordate. Stamens diadel-
phons. Lomentum compressed, contracted between the joints.— Herbs ; leaves digitate, 3-
foliolate, or reduced to a single leaflet ; racemes terminal.

43*. L. vespertilionis, Eesv. Leaflets single, bilobed : lobes oblong-lanceolate, blunt,
divaricate. — Jacq. Ic. Bar. 3. t. 566. — Hedysarum, L. — Annual, erect ; corolla white.—
Hab. Naturalized iu Jamaica !, Pd. ,- S. Kitts !, S. Vincent !, Trinidad !, Sieb. Trin. 83 • [in-
troduced from the East Indies]. ’

14*. ALYSICARPUS, Nec/c.

■ Calyx tubular, bilabiate or 5-fid. Stamens diadelphous. Lomentum cylindrical or
slightly compressed ; joints several.— Suffruteseent herbs; leaflets single : stipules scarious:
flowers racemose.

fvj’ • va^inalis, EC. Diffuse ; leaflets oval or oblong-linear : petiole nearly as long
as the sheathing stipules ; calyx 5-fid : lobes subulate, rigid ; lomentum nearly cylindrical :
joints reticulated, truncate at their ends. — A. nummularifolius, EC. : a form with the lomen-
tura glabrons, and somewhat contracted between the joints.— The lomentum in the West

186

LEGUMINOSyE.

Indian form is pubcrulous, not contracted ; flowers purplish. — Hab. Naturalized in Jamaica !,
Bd. ; S. Kitts !, Antigua !, Wullschl. ; Trinidad 1, Cr. ; [introduced from the East Indies].

15. DESMODIUM, PC.

Calyx-tube shortly campanulate. Standard ohovate : wings adherent to the blunt, biauri-
cled heel. Vexillar stamen adherent to the column, or free. LnmenUon compressed : joints
many to 2.- — Herbs or shrubs ; leaves pinnately 3-foliolate, or reduced to a single leaflet : sti-
pules usually scarious ; flowers fascicled-racemose, rarely in simple fascicles.

Sect. 1. Sagotta. lomentum-suture continuous : joints reliculated, truncate at the ends,
tardily dehiscent. — Flower-fascicles opposite to the leaves ; ■ calyx-segments rigid, pilose.

45. D. triflorum, PC. Procumbent, diffuse, hairy; leaflets obovate or obcordate:
stipules acuminate, persistent : pedicels geminate (or 4-1) ; lomentum sessile, slightly
arcuate : joints 3-6, subquadrate, broadly rounded on the dorsal margin. — Sw. Obs. t. 6. f.
1. Mart. FI. Bras. 24. t. 26./. 1. — Hedysarum, L. Sagotia, Walp. Nicholsonia, Or.— Re-
sembling Clover; pedicels as long as the lomentum ; corolla small, crimson, included within
the calyx.- — Hab. Jamaica!, Macf., Al., a common weed; Antigua!, Wullschl.; [Mexico
to Brazil !, trop. Africa ! ; East Indies !].

Sect. 2. Nicholsonia. Lomentum-suture continuous : joints transversely veined , truncate
al the ends, tardily dehiscent. — Pedicels 2 (-3), arranged in racemes : bracts large,
scarious.

46. D. barbatum, Bentli. Suffrutescent ; leaflets elliptical-oblong, oval, obovate, or
elliptical-lanceolate ; flowers in corymbs, crowded : bracts lanceolate, acuminate ; calyx at
length nodding, long-pilose : divisions lanceolate-setaceous ; lomentum sessile, rejlexed,
puberulous : joints 2-4, subquadrate, broadly rounded on the dorsal margin. — Mart. FI.
Bras. 24. t. 26./. 2. — Hedysarum, Sw. Nicholsonia, DC.— Exceedingly variable in down,
stature, and form of leaflets ; flowers light-blue or purple.

a. Stem stout, erect, villous ; leaflets elliptical-lanceolate or elliptical-oblong ; pedicels
equalling the bracts.

p. caruleo-violaceum, PC. Stem erect, pubescent , leaflets elliptical, elliptical-oblong, or
obovate ; pedicels exceeding the bracts— PC. Leg. t. 51.— Hedysarum, Mey. ! Nicholsonia
cayennensis, PC.

y. venustulum. Stem diffuse, pubescent or glabrate ; leaflets small, obovate or ellip-
tical-oblong ; pedicels much exceeding the bracts. — Hedysarum, Kth. Nicholsonia, PC.

Hab. Jamaica !, all coll., in pastures (7) ; Trinidad !, Cr., in savannahs, (a, p) ; [Mexico !
to Brazil !].

47*. D. heterocarpum, PC. Suffrutescent: leaflets obovate-oblong, lateral ones some-
what smaller ; flowers in elongated racemes, crowded : bracts subulate ; lomentum subsessile,
erect : joints 6-4, subquadrate, broadly rounded on the dorsal margin.— Hedysarum, L. D.
polycarpum, PC. — Hab. Naturalized in S. Vincent 1, Guild. ; [introduced from the East In-
dies !, China !, trop. Australia I, Pacific islands !].

Sect. 3. Hetekoloma. Lomentum-suture continuous or slightly notched: joints
reticulated, half-round or half -oval, indehiscent. — Flowers. racemose.

48. D. adscendens, PC. Ascending-diffuse; branches cylindrical ; leaflets 3, obovate
or oval-roundish : stipules distinct ; lomentum subsessile, straight, uncinate-pubescent :
suture continuous, dorsal margin sinuate to the middle: joints 5-2, semioval. Kth. N.
Gen. t. 597. — Hedysarum, Sw. D. racemiferum, PC. D. ellipticum, Macf. ! D. obovatum,
Voq.l— Leaflets blunt, rarely subacute; flowers small, purple.— IIab. Jamaica!, Macf.
M‘Nab ; S. Kitts !, Bis.; Antigua!, Wullschl.; Dominica!, Inn. ; S. Vincent!, Guild.;
Trinidad !, Sch., Lockli., Cr. ; [Mexico ! to Peru 1 and Rio Grande do Sul !].

49. D. incanum, PC. Diffuse; branches cylindrical; leaflets 3 (-1), ovate or oblong
subacute (rarely lanceolate), glaucous beneath : stipules connate to the middle, at length
subdistinct ; lomentum subsessile, straightish, uncinate-pubescent : suture continuous, dorsal
maroin sinuate as deep as to the suture: joints 5-8(-2), scmioval.— SI. t. 118./. 1, 2.—
Hedysarum, Sw. H. supiuum, Sw. D. supiuum, PC. — Erect or ascending, variable in
growth ; flowers small, purple.

LEGUMINOSiE.

187

a. Leaflets broad.

f}. angustifolium. Leaflets usually single, most of them lanceolate-linear or lanceolate.
— D. angustifolium, DC.? The lower leaves present, sometimes broad-elliptical or roundish
leaflets.

11ab. Bahamas !, Swains. ; Jamaica !, all coll., common in pastures ; Antigua !, Wullschl.
(a, P) ; S. Vincent 1, Guild. ; Trinidad !, Cr. ; [Cuba ! and Mexico 1 to Brazil !, trop. Africa,
East Indies !].

50*. D. gangeticum, DC. Yirgate ; branches angular, hispidulous-puhescent ; leaflets
single, ovate, costate-vciuy, glaucous-scabrous beneath : stipules distinct ; lomentum sub-
sessile : suture slightly notched, dorsal margin sinuate beyond the middle fr joints 8-5,
semiorbieular. — Wight Ic. 1. t. 271. — l'-3' high; flowers small, purple or yellowish-
white. — II ab. Naturalized in Jamaica !, Wils., common ; [introduced from the East Indies].

51*. D. latifolium, DC. Yirgate; branches subcylindrical, villous; leaflets single,
large, broadly ovate, repand, subtomentose beneath : stipules distinct ; lomentum subsessile,
pilose : suture continuous or slightly notched, dorsal margin sinuate to the middle : joints,
5-3, semioval. — Wight Ic. 1. 1. 270-272. — Bacemes elongated : flowers crowded, small. —
IIab. Naturalized in S. Vincent !, Guild. ; [introduced from the East Indies ! ; trop. Africa !] .

52. D. cajanifolium , DC. Yirgate ; branches cylindrical, scabrous-pubescent ; leaflets
3, ovate-oblong or oblong-lanceolate, glaucous-pubescent beneath : stipules distinct, ob-
liquely subulate, deciduous ; lomentiun subsessile, with the dissepiments very narrow : suture
slightly notched, dorsal margin sinuate as deep as to the suture : joints 8-5, subdistinct,
deltoid-semioval. — Klh.N. Gen. t. 598. — Hedysarum, Kth. D. laburnifolium, Sieb. Tr. 82.
(non DC.). — 8'-10' high; racemes elongated, at length unilateral: flowers blue. — IIab. Tri-
nidad !, Sieb., Lockh., Cr. ; naturalized in Jamaica !, Wils. ; [Mexico ! to Guiana ! and
Bolivia !].

53. D. uncinatum, DC. Scandent; stem triquetrous : angles covered with uncinate
down ; leaflets 3, ovate-lanceolate or ovate ; lomentum subsessile, uncinate-pubescent,
arcuate : suture slightly notched, dorsal margin sinuate to or beyond the middle : joints
10-3, deltoid-semioval. — Jacq., Schcenbr. 3. t. 298.- — Hedysarum, Jacq. H. trigonum, Sw.
D. trigouum, DC.— Branches adhering to supports by means of the stiff, hooked hairs ; bracts
large, ovate, pointed, caducous ; flowers purplish-blue, larger than in the other species :
corolla 4W— 5'" long. — Hab. Jamaica!, Al., Wils., Lane; common, in hedges of coffee-
plantations ; [Sonora to Bolivia, Venezuela 1 to Uruguay],

54. D. axillare, DC. Creeping, rooting ; branches procumbent or ascending ; leaflets
3, ovate (or lanceolate) ; lomentum long-stipitate, uncinate-pub^cent, with a single, very
narrow dissepiment : suture slightly notched, dorsal margin sinuate as deep as to the suture :
joints 2, subdistinct, deltoid-semioval, about as long as the carpophore.- — Hedysarum, Sw.
D. reptaus, DC. D. radicaus, Macf. D. oblongifolium, DC.? — Herbaceous, rarely suffrutes-
cent, variable in the down, and form of the leaflets ; racemes lax, usually long-peduncled in
the axils of radicant nodes : pedicels geminate ; flowei;s purple. — IIab. Jamaica !, Dist., Al.,
March, Wullschl., common in shady places ; S. Kitts !, Dominica !, Imr. ; Trinidad !, Lockh. ;
Cr. ; [Cuba ! and Mexico ! to Peru ! and Brazil !] .

Sect. 4. Chalarium. — Lomentum sinuate equally from loth margins : dissepiments

narrow, central: joints reticulated, indehiscent. — Stipules usually auricled-subulate ;

flowers racemose.

55. D. scorpiurus, Desv. Procumbent, rooting at the base ; stem angular; leaflets 3,
oval or oblong -. stipules subulate, oblique at the base ; lomentum subsessile, uncinate-pu-
bescent, slightly constricted at the dissepiments, not tortuous .- joints 7-2, oval-linear,
minutely truncate at both ends, the terminal pointed. — Hedysarum, Sw. D. cinereum, Fcepp.
Cub.— Flowers small, whitish, variegated with pm-ple. — IIab. Jamaica !, Dist., Batter., com-
mon in pastures ; Antigua !, Wullschl. ; Dominica !, Imr. ; Trinidad !, Lockh., Cr. ; [Cuba ! ;
Ecuador !, Peru ! ; Society Islands !].

asperum, Desv. Virgate; stem cylindrical; leaflets 1-3, oblong or ovate,
villous beneath. : stipules subulate, oblique at the base ; racemes paniculate : pedicels shorter
than or as long as the flower ; lomentum subsessile, constricted nearly to the centre, some-
what tortuous, at length flattened : joints 6-2, orbicular, biconvex. — Hedysarum, Fair. — 3'-5

188

LEGUM1N0S2E.

high ; flowers small, purple. — Had. Trinidad!, Loclch., in sandy soil; [Venezuela ! to
Brazil ! and Peru],

57. D. tortuosum, DC. Erect; stem striate-cylindrical: down uncinate ; leaflets 3,
ovate or ovate-oblong, hispidnlous or glabresccnt : stipidcs obliquely subulate ; racemes
simple : pedicels filiform, longer than the flower ; lomentum subsessile, uucinate-pubesccnt,
tortuous, at length flattened, constricted nearly to the centre : joints 6-2, orbicular, flat. — SI.
1. 116./. 1. — Hedysarum, Sw. D. stipulaceum, DC. D. pedicellatum, Grab. D. pulcherrimum,
Shuttleio. ! — 2-3' high ; flowers small, purple or pale-blue. — Hab. Jamaica!, Mac /l, M‘Nab,
Wullschl., common; Dominica!, Imr.; [Cuba!, Guadeloupe!, Florida!, Mexico, New
Granada ! ; naturalized in the East Indies !] .

58. D. spiral e, DC. Annual, flaccid, at length subscandent, rooting at the base ;
stem angular, glabrate ; leaflets 3 (-1), ovate or lanceolate : stipules setaceous or oblique at
the base by a minute dilatation ; racemes lax : pedicels filiform ; lomentum subsessile, uuci-
nate-pubescent, very tortuous, and lasting so ; joints 8—2, rhomboid-orbicular, undulate-
flat.— Hedysarum, Sw. D. teuellum, Ktli. D. tenuiculum, DC. lb sylvaticum, Benth.l
D. ospriostreptum, Steud.l D. Bigelowii, As. Gr.l D. annuum, As. Gr.l Herbaceous;
flowers very small, greenish, variegated with purple. — Hab. Jamaica!, Macf., Dist., Al.,
common; Antigua!, Wullschl.; Trinidad! Or.; [New Mexico! and Cuba! to Brazil! and
Peru; tropical Africa!, Pacific islands !].

59. D. molle, DC. Erect; stem striate: down uncinate; leaflets 3, ovate, villous-
pubescent beneath: stipules subulate-setaceous; racemes paniculate: pedicels filiform; lo-
mentum subsessile, tortuous , 2-jointed, superior enlarged -joint fertile, membranaceous, flat,
elliptical, with a lateral notch, glabrate, inferior striate.— Hedysarum, V. — Flowers very
small— FIab. Jamaica (. Macf ')■. [Haiti, S. Croix; Panama!, Venezuela! to CearaJ.

16*. DENDROLOBIUM, W. A.

Calyx 4-fid, bibracteolate ; tube campanulate. Standard obovate ; keel blunt, devoid of
auricles. Stamens monadelphous. Lomentum compressed, with the style subpersistent : joints
several. — Arborescent shrubs; leaves pinnately ?>-foliolate ; flowers in axillary, peduncled
umbels.

60*. D. -umbellatum, Benth. Branches and petioles villous-pubescent ; leaflets oval,
pubescent beneath: costate veins 8-1 2-paired ; peduncles exceeded by the petiole; lomen-
tum pubescent, glabrate : suture slightly notched, dorsal margin sinuate as deep as to the
middle: joints 3-1 (-4 ).—Burm. Zeyl.t. 51. -Hedysarum, L. — Flowers whitish. Hab.
Naturalized in Jamaica!, March; [introduced from the East Indies].

17. STYLOSANTIIES, Sw.

Calyx-tube filiform, caducous. Corolla inserted into the calyx-limb : standard roundish.
Stamens monadelphous : anthers alternately unequal. Lomentum sessile, 2-1-jomted, usu-
ally 1-seeded, mucrouate by the uncinate style-base.— Herbs ; leaves pinnately S-foholate:
stipules adnate to the petiole; flowers yellow, in bracleate spikes, single or with an acces-
sory striate pedicel.

61 S procumbens, Sw. Procumbent or diffuse, pubescent; leaflets lanceolate-
oblong, pointed, glabrescent ; spikes ovate: flowers with an accessory, hairy pedicel : sti-
pular bracts rigid ; lomentum as long as the elongated, aremate beak reticulated-costate,
usually reduced to a single joint.— SJ. t. 119./. 2 -S. mucronata W. S. humihs. Rich
Cub. ( non ILth.). S. elatior, var. guadelupensis, DC. ( non &«.).— Stem suffrutescent at the
base 1' to a few inches long— IIab. Bahamas !, Jamaica !, all coll., common in pastures ,
Antigua!, Wullschl.; [Mexico! and Cuba! to New Granada! and Venezuela!, tropical

Africa!, East Indies!]. . . , ,

62 S. viscosa, Sw. Diffuse, viscous-pubescent ; leaflets elliptical-oolong, mucronate,
riliate • spikes ovate : flowers devoid of an accessory pediqgjL; lomentum subquadrate, shortly
mucronate with the uncinate style-base, reticulated, usually reduced to a single joint-
s'/ / ll<) /'I Klh N. Gen. t. 595. — S. glutinosa, Kth. — Habit of the preceding, but
stem more erect,' and covered with stipitatc glands.— Hab. Jamaica!, Pd., Wullschl., common
in pastures; [Cuba ! and Mexico ! to Southern Brazil !].

LEGUMINOSiE.

J 89

18*. ARACHIS, L.

Calyx-tube elongated, filiform. Corolla aud stamens of Stylosanthes. Lomentum long-
stipitate, subterraneous, devoid of a beak, reduced to a single indehiscent joint. — Herbs ;
leaves usually abruptly pinnate : stipules actuate to the petiole ; flowers yellow , in axillary
clusters.

63*. A. hypogaea, L. Annual; branches procumbent; leaflets bijugal, obovate or
obloug-oval : petiole exceeding the calyx-lubes. — Mart. FI. Bras. 24. t. 23. /. 1. — Hab.
Cultivated, aud naturalized in Jamaica, Antigua!, Wullschl., Dominica !, S. Vincent!, Guild.;
[cultivated in all tropical countries].

19. BR.YA, P. Br.

Calyx 5-fid. Standard oval-roundish : keel-petals distinct below. Stamens monadel-
phous : column split on the axillar side. Lomentum compressed : joints 2, dehiscent, the
superior usually abortive. — Shrubs; leaflets 1- or many -fascicled, or pinnate ; flowers
yellow, axillary , fascicled or cy/nose.

64. B. ebenus, DC. Branches pubescent; leaflets spathulate, usually emarginate,
fascicled (5-3), or single from the axil of a minute spine, subsessile ; flowers fascicled ;
calyx-lobes bluntish; standard glabrous; lomentum-joints semiorbicular. — SI. t. 175./. 1.
Br. Jam. t. 31./. 2. Bot. Mag. t. 4670. — Aspalathus, L. Amerimnum, Sw. — An arbo-
rescent shrub, 15-20' high; leaflets leathery, deciduous, 6 '"-3"' long. — Hab. Jamaica!,
all coll., common in dry, hot places; [Cuba!].

20. CILETOCALYX, DC.

Calyx 5 -fid: teeth subulate, unequal. Standard cmarginate-roundish. Stamens of Brya.
Lomentum linear, continuous : joints elongated, longitudinally striate, indehiscent.- — Scan-
dent herbs; leaves impari-pinnate : leaflets few-jugal ; flowers yellow, axillary, fascicled
or shortly racemose : pedicels filiform.

65. Cb. vineentinus, DC. Glabrous ; leaflets bi-jugal, elliptical or elliptical-oblong,
mucronate; pedicels fascicled, prickly ; calyx-tube prickly, as long as the longer teeth ; lo-
mentum glabrescent : joints 6—8, compressed, convex on the margins, linear. — Bot. Reg. t.
799- — Glycine, Lindl. — Leaflets membranaceous, deciduous, 10"'-6'" long ; corolla 6"'-8"'
long : standard pubescent ; lomentum-joints 4 long, J"' broad, deeply striate, truncate at
both ends— Hab.— Dominica !, Imr., S. Vincent !, Guild.

Subteibe 5. VICIE/E. Stamens diadelphous : vexillar stamen often adherent. Re-
gime bivalved. Cotyledons thick, amylaceous. — Leaves usually abruptly pinnate, with
the terminal leaflet transformed into a tendril.

21. VICIA, L.

Calyx 5-fid. Wings adherent above to the keel. Style filiform, pubescent at the top :
hairs usually only at its exterior side. Legume many-seeded, devoid of complete dissepi-

inen s. Herbs; leaves abruptly pinnate, with a terminal tendril ( or mucro) ; inflorescence
axillary.

06 . V. sativa, L. Annual ; leaflets 4-7-jugal, usually oblong-linear, truncate at the
mucronate top: stipules mostly semi-sagittate; flowers purple, shortly pedicellate, 1-3 in
axillary fascicles; calyx-teeth subequal, subulate-linear ; standard glabrous; legume sessile,
near glabrescent.— Corolla 8" -10"' long. — Hab. Naturalized in Jamaica !, March ; [intro-
duced from Europe],

22*. ELIVUM, L.

no Wings adherent to the minute keel. Style filiform, glabrescent or pubes-

cent at tne top. Legume few-seeded.— Habit of Vicia, but flowers small.

67 . E. hirsutum, L. Annual; leaflets 6-10-jugal, linear: stipules semi-sagittate or

190

LEGUMINOSiE.

liiuiar-lanceolatc ; racemes peduncled, few-flowered; calyx -teeth subcqual, subulate-linear;
style glabrous; legume sessile, oblong, 2- seeded , usually pubescent— Corolla light-blue,
lH'" lone — Hab. Naturalized in the mountains of the Caribbean Islands 1; [introduced from

IV" long.-
Europe].

23. ABRUS, L.

Calyx truncate. Stamens 9 : column split on the vexillar side : vexillar stamen wanting.
Stigma capitate. Legume partitioned by spurious, transverse dissepiments— Twining, suf-
frutescent herbs, or shrubs ; leaves abruptly pinnate, with a terminal macro ; leaflets
many-jugal ; racemes terminal, or terminating aphyllous, axillary branches ; flowers rosy,
fascicled.

68. A. precatorius, L. Leaflets oblong, blunt, with scattered, appressed hairs beneath,
or glabrescent ; wings exceeded by the keel ; column very shortly adherent to the standard-
claw ; legume oblong, subtruncate at both ends.- — SI. t. 112./. 4-6. Eesc.Fl.f.t.ll .
Seeds globose, shining-scarlet, with a black spot at the base.— Hab. Jamaica! Al., WullscM.,
common on fences; Antigua 1, Wullschl., S. Vincent!, Guild. ; [Venezuela 1 to Brazil.;
tropical Africa to the Cape 1, China!, East Indies !].

Subtribe 6 PEASE0LE2E. — Stamens monadelphoas or diadelphous. Legume bivalved.
Cotyledones usually thick, amylaceous.— Stem usually twining ; leaves mostly pmnately
3-foliolate, stipellate.

Series 1. EhyneliosieaD. — Calyx ebracteolate. Pedicels solitary or geminate.

24. RHYNCHOSIA, Lour.

Calm unequally 5-fid, or 4-5-partite. Standard roundish. Stamens mostly diadelphous.
Oivmv/ 2(-l)qovulate. Legume compressed, continuous. Seeds : with a short or obsolete
rhaphe.— Herbs, often glanduliferous with minute yellow glands ; leaflets 3 (-1); flowers
usually yellowish, mostly in axillary racemes.

Sect. 1. Copisjia. — Calyx 5 -fid : inferior lobe longer.

69 R minima, DC. Tomentose or glabrescent; stem low twining, obtuse-angled;

&& «*»

, ° -A n}i\ ini// inner* sppds vp.Tiiform. with a minute rhaphe, 1 bioad.

-j: »-»«»>

and Mexico! to Brazil !; trop. Afnca land Asia!]. ,

70 R nhaseoloides, EC. Tomentose or glabrate ; stem suffrutescent twining sub-
cvlindrical ■ leaflets ovate or ovate-rhomboid, pointed ; racemes many-flowere ; c yx- o es

Sect. 2. Arcyph velum. — Calyx 4-. partite ,_ nearly as long as the corolla :
upper segment bifid .

71. * -f-lata

KSrtiTbSSy pedicellate, nodding; calyx-segments lanceolate or oblong-laucco-

LEGUMIN0S2E.

191

late, acuminate, nearly as long as the corolla ; legume not constricted , oblong, pubescent
or glabresceut : seeds nearly black. — Glycine, Sw. R. latifolia, Nutt. R. macrophylla, DC.
R. longeramosa, Mart, Galeott. I R. requinoctialis, Waif. / — Variable in the size of the
leaflets, their under side white with down, or greenish, the size of the calyx, which exceeds
the corolla or is exceeded by it. Calyx 6"'-3'" long : tube very short, turbinate : segments
spreading ; corolla yellow or variegated with purple?; legume 10"' long, 3'" broad: seeds
reniform-roundisk, compressed, with a shortly linear-oblong rhaphe, 2"' diam. — Hab. Ja-
maica !, all coll., in the southern and western hills; Antigua!, Wullsclil. ; S, Vincent!,
Guild. ; [Texas ! to Peru !, Cuba ! to Brazil 1] .

25. ERIOSEMA, Desv.

Calyx 5-fid. Standard obovate or roundish. Stamens diadelphous. Ovary 2-ovulate.
Legume compressed, continuous. Seeds transversely oblong : rhaphe linear. — Herbs ; leaflets
3-1 , subsessile : stipules lanceolate; flowers usually in axillary, spiciform racemes : stan-
dard often villous.

72. E. violaceum, E. Meg. Sufirutescent, erect, rusty-pubescent ; stem striate ; leaf-
lets 3, lanceolate-linear, rugose above, veiny beneath : stipules opposite to the subsessile
leaves, connate, or at length distinct ; racemes obloug, shortly peduncled, exceeded by the
leaves ; calyx half as long as the villous standard : lobes acuminate, as long as their tube ;
legume oval, villous. — Jubl, t. 306. — Cytisus, Aubl. lthynchosia, DC. E. grandiflorum,
Bernli. ! in PI. Kappler. — Stem virgate, l'-2' high ; leaflets 3"-2" long, 3"'-6'" broad ;
corolla yellow. — Hab. Trinidad !, Lockli., Cr., common in dry savannahs; [Guiana !].

73. E. shnplicifolium, Walp. Sufirutescent, decumbent, pilose with spreading or
appressed rusty hairs ; stem subcylindrical ; leaflets single, ollong-lanceolate or linear-
oblong, minutely cordate at the base, smooth above, reticulated-veiny beneath : stipules
opposite to the leaves, connate to the acuminate top, much longer than the petiole; racemes
few-flowered, long-peduncled ; calyx half as long as the hairy standard : lobes acuminate,
longer than their tube ; legume ovoid-oblong, pilose. — Rhynchosia, DC. E. lanceolatum,
Benth. ! — Leaflets 3"-2" long, 12"'-8'" broad, pointed or blunt : stipules 6'" long ; corolla
6 "-8"' long, yellow. — Hab. Trinidad !, Lockli., Cr., in savannahs, Arima, Piasco ; [Guiana !,
Brazil !].

26*. CAJANUS, DC.

Calyx 4-fid : upper lobe bidentate. Standard roundish, auricled. Stamens diadelphous.
Ovary many-ovulate. Legume compressed, continuous, constricted between the seeds. — A
shrub ; leaflets 3 ; racemes axillary : flowers yellow.

74*. C. indicus, Spreng.—Tuss. FI. 4. t. 32. Desc. FI. 4. t. 280.— Cytisus Cajan, L.
C. flavus, DC.: flowers yellow, concolor, and C. bicolor, DC. : a form with orange-blotched
standard, both occurring sometimes in the same plant (Duchass.). — 6'-12' hid, ; leaflets
lanceolate-oblong, pointed, hoary-subtomentose beneath.— IIab. Naturalized in Jamaica !
Pd. ; S. Kitts !, Els. ; Antigua !, Wullsclil. ; S. Vincent !, Guild. ; Trinidad !, Sc/i ■ [Vene-
zuela I to Peru ! and Brazil !, trop. Africa !, East Indies !, Pacific islands !].

27*. FLEMINGIA, Roxb.

Calyx 5-fid : inferior lobe longer. Standard roundish, with indexed auricles : wings ad-
herent to the keel. Stamens diadelphous. Ovary 2-ovulate. Legume turgid, continuous.

Shrubs ; leaflets 3-1, glanduliferous beneath; flowers in spiciform, often compound
racemes.

75 F. strobilifera, R. Br. Branchlcts pubescent; leaflets single, elliptical; flowers
concealed within large, reniform, folded, scarious, distichous bracts; keel bluntly falcate —
L. / eyl . t. 3.— Hedysarum, Z.— Hab. Naturalized in Jamaica !, March ; S. Kitts !, Trinidad '
Cr. ; [introduced from the East Indies].

F. slricta, Roxb., with 3, oblong, acuminate leaflets, is cultivated in Jamaica I, At.

192

LEGUMIN0S2E.

Series 2. Clitorie©.— Calyx libracteolate. Pedicels devoid of a common knob at the base.

28. CLITOMA, L.

Calyx campanulate-tubular, 5 -fid or 5-toothed. Standard large, emarginate-rowidish.
Style dilated and bearded beneath at the top.— Peduncles axillary : bracteoles striate;

flowers purple.

Sect. 1. Teenatea. — Legume flat, subsessile : valves ecostate — Leaves impari-pmnate.

76 C Ternatea, L. Stem twining, puberulous ; leaflets %-Z-juyal (rarely 4-5-jugal),
ovate blimt, or oval; peduncles 1-flowered : bracteoles roundish, almost half as long as the
calyx - flowers resupinate ; calyx -lobes lanceolate, acuminate ; legume linear, pubescent
Mart Pl. Bras. 24. a!. 31./. 1 —Herbaceous, suffrutescent ; flowers blue or white . stan-
dard 2" long • seeds compressed.— IIab. Jamaica!, At. ; Antigua 1, JVullschl. ; Barbadoe ,
[afl^ tropical countries, chiefly East Indies 1 and trop. Africa ! ; often cultivated m America].

Sect. 2. Neueocaepum.— Legume stipitate

nulous midrib.-

valves convex , each usually with a promi-
-Leaflets 3 (-1).

ided'b caljs s cdAlota lanceoUe

' Marti osia phjadod...

Rio Grande do Sul! and Peru !]. n nhlnnn

78 C caianifolia, Benth. Stem erect, herbaceous, pubescent leaflets 3 H)-
i ii pLn+ii . iipduncles 2-1-flowered : bracteoles ovate, much exceeded by the calyx ,
rXS.Lt midrib, -»* de.titut. of i,»-Neur„„p«„,

Hab. Trinidad {Benth. ex Sieb. Tr. 187) ; [Hart! to Brazil],

Sect 3 Clitoeianthus .-Legume flat, stipitate ■ valves ecostate.- Shrubs, or vines ;

leaves 3-foliolate.

legume linear, tomentose . seeds sepaia c J I , or blunt • flowers purple : standard

[Panama 1 to Guiana !].

29 CENTROSEMA, Benth.

“ o lit SL con. at the base , lead... 3 broad,.,

ovate'; pedune^few-flowered : ^ ^b5n "n ft? hack ; rib'of“l»

Juss — Eeaflets large, turning black in diying, ^01° , ’ bi j 3»<_4'" long— Hab.

» fc»;»i S. Kitu’l. S. Vincent !, Tri*

did,, Lola,, [Cuba, o,.t.o, ovate- oblong ; pc

81. C. pubescens, Benth. ! Stem fining, inferior calyx-lobe longer

S/SHT »p«i« em«“*d M.» Ibo eonrn.it , etandard .purred, pobcecent on the

LEGUMIN0S2E.

193

back ; ribs of the legume-valves V" distant from the margin. — Mart. FI. Bras. 24. t. 34.
f. 2. — C. intermedium. Rich. C. virginianum, FI. Carib. ( non Benth). Clitoria virginiana,
Sw. Observ. {non L.), Macf. partim l — Leaflets usually pubescent beneath; standard 1"
diam.; seeds subcompressed-cubical, 2'" long. — IIah. Jamaica!, all collectors; Antigua!,
Wullschl. ; [Cuba! aud Mexico ! to Brazil! and New Granada!].

82. C. virginianum, Benth.! Stem twining; leaflets 3, ovate, oblong, or linear;
peduncles 3-1-flowered : bracteoles ovate, somewhat exceeded by the calyx ; calyx-lobes 5,
subequal, longer than the tube, distant, linear ; standard spurred, puberulous on the back ;
ribs of the legume-valves juxtamarginal. — Besc. Ft. 8. i. 590. — Clitoria, L., Macf. partim !
C. decumbens, Mart., Benth. ! — Herbaceous, slender; corolla violet : standard 8l,,—10,,r long ;
legume 2'" broad, narrower than in the preceding ; seeds cubical, l long.

a. Leaflets ovate or oblong.

/3. angust folium. Leaflets linear, or the inferior oblong.— C. pascnoram, Benth. ! Cli-
toria virginiana, a, BC.

Hab. Bahamas!, Hjalmars. (0) ; Jamaica!, At., Pd., Bist. (a); Antigua!, Wullschl.
(a, &) ; Dominica !, Imr. ; S. Lucia ! ; [Virginia, Alabama !, Florida !, throughout trop.
America to Bio Grande do Sul 1 ; Niger !].

83. C. hastatum, Benth. Stem twining; leaflets single, hastate: petiole winged ;
peduncles 3-1-flowered : bracteoles as long as the calyx ; ribs of the legume-valves marginal.

Rth. N. Gen. 6. t. 591. — Budolphia dubia, Kth. — Our single West Indian specimen is
pubescent, and approaches to C. fasciculatum, Benth. : its calyx-lobes are lanceolate-linear,
and twice as long as the tube, while in Venezuela specimens ( Fendl . 247) the leaflets are

i S’ an<^ Gie c;lb’x"l°bes shorter than or as long as the tube. Seeds compressed-cubical,
2 long. — Hab, S. Kitts!; [Cuba; Venezuela I to Brazil].

30. TEKAMNUS, Sw.

Calyx campanulate-tubular, bilabiate or 5-fid; lobes lanceolate. Standard obovate.
Stamens monadelphous, alternately sterile. Stigma capitate. Legume linear, compressed,
with the valves convex : seeds separated by spurious dissepiments.— Twiuiug, suffrutescent,
slender herbs; leaves pmnately 8-foliolate ; inflorescence axillary: flowers small, purple,
interruptedly fascicled-racemose, occasionally simply fascicled : bracteoles minute, deciduous.

r 84V T; VOl?blh?> Sfl- [ . Luaflets oblong-lanceolate, bluntish, pubescent beneath ; upper
Cfyx ildenjate inferior 3 -partite ; wings exceeding the keel ; legume

pubescent obliquely beaked.- Sw. FI. t. 25 : Wy/.-Glycine oblonga, Benth. /-Corolla

vrWgi n6 aS1!°Ilg asth£ calyx; legume long: beak straight, l'" long; seeds

equatorial Brazil]/ °ng,— Hab> Jamalca !> Sw-> among mountain-shrubs ; [New Granada 1,

ncfth' T^,T^^tU/S/ SW'!7 Leafleta. oblong-lanceolate, pubescent above, sericeous be-
lnmr ’/fSf, f : !°heS: su)eFlal> v™gs exceeding the keel, their lamina being twice as
™ \ msty-hirsute terminated with a recurved beak.— Besc. Ft. 8. t. 553. Mart

Ininf !l'TD° lch,0S’ L‘ G1ycine discolor. Mart, f Galeott.!— Stem villous an-

glar, coioHa 3 long ; legume li"-2" long: beak linear, arcuate, IV" long ■ seeds

SSlfcv&J: i, p£7j “• *-*• ' *** — • “ «*> .

caluz 7tid&h]^b^\nrenff{ L?ifletS cllip,tica,1. 0r ovatc> sparingly pubescent beneath ;

• lobes _suboqual, or the upper lip bifid to or beyond the middle the inferior

top withaZTrt SnlteT^V^ k/el i leffUme sli(/hUd pubescent, rounded at the
G^abyslL nW c L * Glycin,, L. G. parviflora, Lam.

f if ) *: Uof!'s t-!, T. volubihs, Macf. partim 1 {non Sw.). Bujacia aamnsonvehia

v4mnr'7p?r'mh'?1( U OU8 °r g!abvate ; col'olla 3'"1o,1K ! legume 1)" ling .- beak Lhickish’

mon litS l™g-HAU. Jamaica !, M^acf, March ,cot

on , Antigua I, Wullschl. ; [trop. Africa ! to the Cape ! ; East Indies !].

31. GALACTIA, F. Br.

Calyx campanulatc, 4-fid or 4-toothcd: lobes entire, acuminate. Standard obovate.

194

LEGUM1N0SJ3.

Stamens diadelplious. Stigma minute. Legume compressed : seeds separated bv cellular
tissue. — Habit and inflorescence of Teramnus : flowers larger ; stem twining ( or procumbent);
leaves 3 -foliolate ( rarely h-\-foliolate).

Sect. 1. Sweetia, DC. (Galactia, Mich. ; Campesia, IF. A.)—Vexillar stamen free.

87. G. filiformis, Benth. Stem twining; leaflets 3, ovate-oblong, hairy beneath,

about as long as the common petiole ; racemes elongated, interrupted ; calyx-lobes linear,
twice as long as their tube, the superior and inferior of ecpial length, the lateral ones some-
what shorter ; legume flat, oblong-linear, rounded at the arcuate top, with a short, uncinate
beak, pubescent, often villous, chiefly along the middle line of the valves. — Jaap Ic. liar. t.
573. — Galega, Jacq. Sweetia, DC. Glycine tenuiflora, W. Galactia tenuiflora, W. A. ;
G. dubia, DC.; G. pilosa, Nutt. ; G. Berteriana, DC. ; G. brevistyla, Schlecht. Teramnus
volubilis, Macf. pcivthn ! (non Sw.') . — It resembles Tevamnus labialis, but is distinguished
by larger flowers (corolla long), and broader legumes, and by the generic, though

rather artificial character. — Hab. Bahamas!, Steams.; Jamaica!, Macf ., At., Disl., Wits.,
Wullschl. ; common; Antigua!, Wullsehl. ; Trinidad 1, Or. ; [Georgia!, Florida!, Cuba!,
Guadeloupe 1, Panama!, Venezuela !, trop. Australia!, East Iudies !].

88. C4. angustifolia, Kill. Stem twining above ; leaflets 3, oblong-linear, mucronu-
late-obtuse, pubescent beneath, much longer than the common petiole ; racemes exceeded by,
or as long as the leaves, usually few-flowered; calyx-lobes lanceolate, twice as long as the
tube, subequal, the superior broader; legume flat, oblong-linear , rounded at the straight
top, With a short, uncinate beak, pubescent. — Jacq. Ic. Bar. t. 572. Humb.Mimos.t. 5o.
—Galega longifolia, Jacq. (Sweetia, DC.). Dolichos filiformis, L. e Jamaica? {non Macf).
G. Sagoti, IValp. /—Leaflets H"-2" long, 3"'-4'" broad ; corolla purple 4 -o long ;

Hab. Antigua!, Wullschl . ; [Guadeloupe !, VenezuelaJ.

legume 1 " long, 2%"' broad.
Sect. 2. Eugalactia.

(Galactia, P. Br. ; Coltea, DC.)—-Vexillar stamen adhering
to the column above its base.

89 G Isockharti, Gr. {n. sp). Stem twining, pubescent, leaflets 3, oval-oblong,
nmcronulate-obtuse, pubescent beneath, as long as tbe common petiole; racemes many-
flowered, exceeding the leaves; calyx-lobes lanceolate, acuminate, 2-3 tunes longer than
their tube, subequal, the lateral somewhat shorter ; standard scarcely twice as long as the
calyx , glabrous ; legume obloug, pointed, villous, at length pubescent.— Colima parviflora,
Benth MS. — Habit of G. filiformis, hut flowers more approximate, 1-2 in the iascicie ;
leaflets 2''-9"' long, 1"-J" broad: stipules and stipeUee setaceous, persistent; raceme
peduucled, 6"-4" long (the peduncle included) : pedicels as long as the calyx ; calyx 3
long: tube turbiuateLmpanulate, pubescent; standard 4"'-5'" long, obovate-roimd.sh, ex-
ceedin'* a little the other petals : keel oblong, blunt : wings spathulate ; vexillai stamen
adhering to the column above its free base ; style filiform, arcuate : stigma minute ; legume
sessile, 1" long, 4"' broad.— Hab. West Indies 1, Sw. ; Tnmdad 1, Lochh. ; [Venezuela.,
Fend. 273, New Granada!].

90 G pendula, Pers. Stem twiuing, pubescent ; leaflets 3, obovate-oblong, mucro-
nulate-obtusc, hispidulous beneath, longer than the common petiole ; racemes Moored,
equall iug or exceeding the leaves : flowers large, pendulous : pedicels as long as the calyx ,
Xx-lobes ovate, pointed, as long as the tube, subequal, the lateral narrower; standard
obovate-spatbulate, 0 times as long as the calyx glabrous ; legume stipitatc, aicuate ob-
long-linear, acuminate, pubescent.- -SI. t. 114 f 4 Br.-Iami. 32.

laetia L Colliea pendula, Benth. pariim.— A “milky, high climber; calyx _ 2 coiolia
12'" ’long, crimson -Hab. Jamaica 1 Macf., Bancr., IFils., March, common m the lime-
stone districts. , ,

91 G. longiflora , Am. Stem twining, pubescent; leaflets 3, ovate-oblong mucro-

* • * nubeseont about as long as the common petiole; racemes sevcral-floueied,

"U ' linrr the leaves • dowers large, in distant pairs : pedicels shorter than tbe calyx ; calyx-
g,S i L , mb7e the inferior longer than tlie tube, the lateral shorter; standard
lobes lanceol » ’ ; calyx, glabrous ; legume subsessilc, straigbtish,

obovate-spathulate, twice as long^ we g ,8 , * f-CoHuia pendula, Benth.

H X" 1.. Jncquiniana,1 DC.),

LEGUM1N0S2E.

19B

to be a glabrescent Martinique form. It resembles the preceding, and the corolla is of the
same dimensions ; but is easily distinguished by the large, pubescent calyx, the inferior
segment of which is long. Corolla pink and white. — Hab. S. Kitts!, Antigua!, Wullsclil.,
Dominica !, Imr., S. Vincent !, Guild.

Series 3. Euphaseolem.-— CVj/y.r bibracteolate. Pedicels fascicled, inserted into a knob,
which protrudes from the rhachis.

32. STENOLOBIUM, Bentli.

Calyx campanulate, bilabiate : upper lip bidentate or bifid, inferior 3-partite. Standard
obovate, biauricled. Stamens diadclphous. Style filiform : stigma terminal. Legume com-
pressed: seeds separated by spurious dissepiments. — Stem twining {rarely erect)-, leaves
3 -foliolate, stipellate ; inflorescence fascicled-racemose : flowers blue, narrow.

92. S. ceeruleu xa, Benth. Stem twining; leaflets rhomboid-ovate, pointed or blunt,
tomentose or sericeous-villous beneath, (rarely glabresccnt) ; racemes many-ilowered ; calyx
half as long as the corolla ; legume pubescent. — Mart. PI. Bras. 24. 1. 38.- — Leaflets 3"-2"
long; corolla pale blue, 4m-5m long. — Hab. Trinidad!, Sch., Loclch., Cr. ; [Cuba! and
Mexico! to Peru! and Rio Grande do Sul!].

33. PACHYRRHIZUS, Rich.

Calyx, corolla and stamens of Slcnolohium. Style compressed above, and hairy : stigma
lateral. Legume compressed, impressed transversely along the spurious dissepiments. —
Stem twining ; leaves 3 -foliolate, stipellate: leaflets usually sinuate-angular ; inflorescence
fascicled-racemose : flowers blue.

93. P. angulatus, Rich. Leaflets deltoid-ovate, angular, pubescent beneath or gla-

broscent. — Plum. Ed. Burm. t. 222. Mart. FI. Bras. 24. t. 53.— Dolichos bulbosus, L.
D. articulatus, Lam. D. subfacemosus, Jacq. ? P. articulatus, l Fa Ip. Tseniocarpum,

Desv. — Rhizoma tuberiferous ; leaflets 4"-3" diam. ; standard roundish-ovate, 8',7-6'" long ;
legume straight, glabrescent, subflexuose on the margins : seeds compressed-roundish. — Hab’.
Dominica!, Imr. ; [Cuba! and Mexico! to Brazil; East Indies!, China!, Madagascar!,
propagated by culture].

34. VIGNA, Sw.

Calyx campanulate, 4-5-fid. Standard roundish, auricled at the base. Stamens dia-
delphous. Style cartilaginous above and hairy: stigma lateral. Legume subcylindrical,
straightish: seeds separated by thin, spurious dissepiments. — Stem twining or prostrate ’■
leaves 3 -foliolate, stipellate ; peduncles axillary, bearing capitate umbels or short racemes ’:
flowers usually yellow.

94. V. luteola, Benth. Stem twining or prostrate; leaflets ovate, glabrous or -la-
brescent ; pedicels shortly racemose, shorter than the calyx ; calyx 4 -fid, 4 times exceeded
by the corolla: lobes subulate, as long as the tube; keel obversely deltoid, pointed ; legume
pubescent with appressed down, or glabrate, oblong-linear, subcompressed, with the valves
convex, inucronnlate, 8-10-seeded, often contracted between several of the seeds • seeds
shining brown, with a white hilum, semiovoid-globose— Mart. PI. Bras. 24 t 50 f. 2 —
Dolichos, Jacq. D repens, L. {ex. syn., P. Br.). D. luteus, Sw.! V. glabra and villosa,
Variable in the down, the leaflets bluntish or pointed, the upper calyx-lips pointed or
b uuLsh the legume torulose or equal. Corolla pale-yellow, 6"'-8"' long ; legume 2"' Ion-
3 broad: seeds 2" long.-HAB. Jamaica!, Sw., Macf, List., March, common in marshes
along the seashore !, Antigua !, Wullsclil.; Dominica!, Imr. ; S. Vincent!, Guild. ; [Florida!
and lexas! to Peru ! and Buenos Ayres!].

Uairi! i V’ TexiU,a*a> Ttich- Stem twining; leaflets ovate-lanceolatc or ovate, pointed,

, ^ 1 or glabrescent ; pedicels 2-4, in a contracted umbel, shorter than the calyx ;

a yx ,-ju , iv ice exceeded by the corolla : lobes lanceolate, acuminate, as long as the tube :
cXu-\ZlT ’ uml.!ltcrany auricle<l at the claw; legume hairy or glabrescent, linear,
J ii dneal obliquely acuminate, 20-24-secdcd : seeds brown, with a white hilum, reniform-
oblong. Jacq. Find. t. 102. Mart. PI. Bras. 24. t. 50. /. l.-Phaseolus, A.-Corolla

o 2

196

LEGUMIN0S2E.

10"'-12'" long, yellow and purplish-variegated ; legume 4" long, 2"' diam. : seeds 2'" long.
— IIab. West Indies ( Benlh .); [Cuba! and Panama! to Brazil and Ecuador!, tropical
Africa! and Australia!, East Indies].

Several species of Vigna and Dolichos, not occurring in recent collections, arc mentioned
by Macfadyen as cultivated in Jamaica: viz. V. unguiculata, Walp. ( Dolichos , Jacq. Vind.
t. 23, 23); Dolichos spheerospermus, DC. (SI. t. 117); D. luberosus, Lam. (Plum. Ed.
BUnn. t. 220. Desc. FI. 8. t. 554); and D. sesquipedalis, L. (Jacq. Vind. t. 67). — D.fili-
formis, Macf. (non L.), is unknown to me, but from its “ monadclplious stamens” is no
congener of either of these genera: by its “falcate legumes” aud “ovate leaflets” it differs
from D.filiformis, L., which likewise is an unknown Jamaica plant, and has “ linear leaflets,
the middle twice as long as the lateral ones :” both are to he compared with Teramnus.

35. DOLICHOS, L.

Calyx campanulate, shortly 4-5 -fid. Standard roundish, auricled at the base, bieallous
in the middle. Stamens diadelphous. Style cartilaginous, usually compressed above, and
hairy : stigma terminal. Legume compressed : valves convex or flat : seeds separated by
thin, spurious dissepiments.— Leaflets 3, stipellate ; inflorescence axillary , fascicled-race-
mose.

96*. D. Lablab, L. Stem twining; leaflets rhomboid-ovate ; racemes peduncled ; calyx
4-fid, the upper lobe broader; keel beaked-falcate; style compressed; legume scimitar-
shaped flat-convex, with an oblique, or recurved, straightish point : margins submuricatc :
seeds subcompressed -. rhaphe thickish, white, two-thirds as long as their diameter.- Mart.
FI Bras 24. t. 51. f. 2. — Lablab vulgaris, Sav.

a. Corolla violet j legume 2"-3" long, 10"'-12'" broad : seeds oval, black, 5" -6”' long.
p. albiflorus, DC. Corolla white ; legume 2i" long, 8'" broad: seeds oval-roundish,
black 4'" Ion"-. — SI. t. 113.- — Lablab leucocarpus, Sav.

y. ’ nanhinicus , Sav. Corolla white ; legume 2"-3" long, 8"'-10''' broad : seeds oval, less
compressed, white, 5"' long. — L. perennaus, DC.

5 .purpureus, Jacq. Corolla purple ; legume 3" long, 6"'-8'" broad : seeds oval-roundish,

purple 4in Iouqj. .

Hab. Naturalized and cultivated in Jamaica!, Al., S. Kitts!, Antigua!, Wullschl. (a, fi,

y); [all tropical countries].

36. PHASEOLUS, L.

Calyx campanulate, 4-5-fid or 4-5-toothed. Standard roundish : keel spirally twisted !
Stamens diadelphous. Style cartilaginous above : stigma oblique or lateral. Legume com-
pressed or subcylindrical. — Leaflets 3 (-1), stipellate , lateral usually oblique : inflorescence
axillary , fascicled-racemose.

97. Ph. lunatus, L. Stem usually twining ; leaflets ovate, pointed ; peduncles shorter
than or as long as the . leaves ; calyx 4- toothed , much longer than the bracteoles : inferior
teeth 3-aneular, superior truncate; legume scimitar-sliaped, compressed, arcuate-beaked,
3-4-seeded: seeds subquadrate-roundish.— Desc. FI. 8. t. 558. Ph. bipunctatus, Jacq. ;
itninrcnus L. ■ saccharatus, Macf. !; latisiliquus, Macf. !; tcecundus, Macf; limeusis, Macf. ?
—Flowers usually greenish-white; legume 3"-li' long, bro.ad I seeds PuH)le or
white.— Hab. Spontaneous, and cultivated m Jamaica !, Macf. ; Al.; Antigua !, Wullschl. ;
[Cuba! and Mexico! to equatorial Brazil!, tropical Africa ! and Asia !].

98* Fh. vule-aris, L. Stem usually twining; leaflets ovate, pointed ; peduncles
shorter than the leaves ; calyx 4- toothed , as long as the .bracteoles : inferior teeth 3-angular,
superior subtruncate ; legume oblong -linear, subcompressed, subtorulose, straightish, feu - oi
manv-seeded : seeds ovoid-oblong.-®, t. 115. /. 2, 3.-Ph. nanus L, gonospermus, &a.;
comprcssns, DC.; dumosus, Macf. .^-Flowers usually white ; seeds variable m co our.-
I-Iab Naturalized, and cultivated in Jamaica (SI., Macf); [tropical Asia . and Afnca].

99 Fh adenanthus, Meg./ (1818). Stem usually twining: leaflets ovate pointed;
uedimclTs few flowered, usually exceeded by the leaves ; calyx 4 -fid: inferior lobe lanceolaie-
Tinearas long as the lube, lateral shorter, falcate .superior truncate; corolla large, 3-4
Ws exceeding the calyx; legume linear, compressed, straightish or curved. 11 ight.lc. t.
sT-Phtru jlcnsis id cirrhosus, IClh. (1823). Ph. rostratus, Wall. Ph. amcenus, Macf.

LEGUMIN0S2E.

197

Ph. surinamcnsis, Miq. — Corolla purplish or variegated with white : standard 10"'-12'"
long; legume 4"-3" long, 4"'-5"' broad. — Hab. Jamaica!, Mac/., Dist., Al., March,
chiefly in the mountains ; [Mexico! to Peru!, Brazil!, Peru!, and Buenos Ayres ; tropical
Australia !, East Indies!].

100. Ph. lasiocarpus, Mart. Stem twiuing, densely rusty -villous ; leaflets ovate,
blunt, villous chiefly beneath ; peduncles few-flowered, exceeding the leaves ; calyx villous,
4 -fid: lobes as lony as the tube, the superior 2- toothed ; leyume subcylindrical, very
shaggy, straightish, pendulous from very short pedicels. — Mart. Bras. 24. t. 49. — P. hir-
sutus. Mart. Dolichos lignosus, Jacq. ex descr. (non L.). D. Jacquini, DC.-*- Corolla
yellow : standard 12'" long; legume 3'' long, 3'" diam. — IIab. Trinidad !, Cr., in savannahs ;
[Guiana, equatorial Brazil].

101. Ph. semierectws, L. Stem erect, or twining above, sericeous or glabrescent ;
leaflets ovate or lanceolate ; peduncles elongated, exceeding the leaves : pedicels very short,
at length recurved; calyx 5-toothed: teeth ovate-lanceolate, pointed, the superior some-
what shorter ; legume subcylindrical, sericeous or glabrescent,' linear, acumiuate-beahed,
straightish, or slightly arcuate, reflexed. — SI. t. 116./'. 1. Jacq. Ic. liar. t. 558. — Ph. lathy-
roides, L., the form with narrow leaflets. Ph. crotalarioides, Mart. — Corolla purple, S"'-6'"
long; legume 3"-4" long, li"' diam. — Hab. Jamaica!, List., AL, common; Antigua!,
Wullschl.; S. Vincent !, Build.; [Cuba! to Brazil! and Pern !, East Indies !].

37. CANA VALIA, DC.

Calyx campanulate, bilabiate : upper lip larger, entire or bilobed, inferior 3 -fid or entire.
Standard roundish. Vexillar stamen adhering to the column above its base. Legume large,
turgid-subcompressed, filled with cellular tissue ; valves mostly costate along the suture. — -
Leaflets 3 ; inflorescence axillary, racemose : pedicels very short ; flowers purplish or
white.

102. C. obtusifolia, DC. Stem creeping or seandent, glabrescent ; leaflets roundish
or obovate, blunt; upper lip of the calyx broadly bilobed, much shorter than the tube; keel
curved, blunt ; legume oblong, shortly stipitate : its prominulous ribs juxtamarginal. — Desc.
FI. 8. t. 559./. 2 : the fruit. Mart. Bras. 24. t. 48. — Dolichos, Lam. D. roseus, Sw. C. rosea,
DC. — Leaflets 3"-4" diam. ; corolla purplish, 1" long ; legume 6"-2"long, 14"'-10'" broad :
the two ribs V" distant from the suture ; seeds chestnut-coloured, opaque, ovoid, subcom-
pressed, 6"'-8l" long. — Hab. Jamaica!, Dist., common on the sandy seashore, creeping
among stones ; Antigua !, Wullschl. ; Dominica !, Imr. ; S. Vincent !, Guild. ; Trinidad !, Cr. ;
[Cuba ! to Brazil ; tropical Africa to Natal ! ; tropical Australia ! ; East Indies !].

103. C. gladiata, DC. Stem tunning, glabrescent ; leaflets ovate-oblong or ovate,
mucronate; upper lip of the calyx rounded, recurved, emarginate, longer than the tube:
keel curved, blunt ; legume linear -oblong, stipitate : its prominulous ribs juxtamarginal.—
Jacq. Ic. Rar. t. 5 60.— Dolichos, L— Leaflets 2" -5" long, valuable ; corolla purplish, 1 " long ;
legume 1 0"-3" long, 1" broad : ribs l'"-2'" distant from the suture ; seeds ovoid-ohlong,
subcompressecl, 8'" long.

a. Seeds rufous-brown, somewhat shining.

£. ensi/ormis, DC. Seeds white, with a brown rhaphe. — SI. t. 114./. 1-3.

IIab. Jamaica (57. ; cultivated, Mac/.) ; Antigua!, Wullschl.; [Mexico! to Brazil! and
Buenos Ayres !, in woods ; trop. Africa to Natal ! ; East Indies !].

104. C. altissima, Mac/. ! (exclus. synon.). Stem twining, glabrous ; leaflets ellipti-
cal-oblong, with a bluntish, mucronulate point ; upper lip of the calyx rounded, recurved,
subretuse or entire, as long as the oblique tube ; keel circiuatc-incurved, blunt; legume linear-
o>long, shortly stipitate : its prominulous ribs distant from the margin. — A very distinct
species, erroneously referred to Mucuna altissima, DC., by Macludven : from its exauriculated
ohq/m U bclongs t0 linothcr section of the genus from C.gladiata. A high climber; leaflets

, g’ o'jd’rous ; corolla purple, 10'" long : standard devoid of auricles, reflexed ; legume
^U"?’ ' r'bs 4 11 distant from the suture; seeds dark-brown, ovoid-roundish,
compressed, 6 long. Hab. Jamaica !, Mac/., Dist., Al., Wullschl., March, common in

LEGUMIN0S2E.

198

38. DIOCLEA, Kth.

Calyx campanulate, 4-fid, sericeous inside. Standard roundish, anricled at the base,
Vexillar stamen adhering to the column above its base. Stigma terminal. Legume sessile,
compressed or turgid, filled with cellular tissue. — Twining shrubs ; leaflets 3, sliyellate ; in-
florescence axillary , fascicled-racemose ; flowers purplish, blue , or whitish.

105. D. guianensis, Benth. I Leaflets elliptical, pointleted, glabrate above, velvety
or sericeous beneath ; racemes elongated : bracts erect, caducous ; calyx much longer than
its pedicel and the small roundish bracteoles : lobes ovate-lanceolate, pointed: the superior
as long as the tube, the inferior longer ; standard orbicular, reflexed : keel straightish, blunt,
exceeded a little by the wings, minutely crenulate below ; anthers all fertile ; legume 5-8-
seeded, velvety, bicostate along the suture : seeds compressed, half-surrounded by the rhaphe.
— Dolichos comosus, Mey.t M ucuna, DC. D. panamensis, Wa/p.l: thevelvcty form. — Corolla
purplish : standard 10"'-12'" long ; legume compressed, 4"-3" long, C'" broad, oblong,
tapering at the base: seeds brown, oval-roundish, 4"' long. — Had. Trinidad!, Lane, Sch.,
Cr. ; [Panama ! to Ecuador ! ; Guiana !].

106. B. reflexa, T. Hook. Leaflets large, ovate-roundish, mucronate, pubescent be-
neath ; racemes elongated : bracts long, lanceolate, reflexed; calyx rusty-pubescent, much
longer than its pedicel and the small roundish bracteoles : inferior lobe ovate-lanceolate,
blunt, as long as the tube, the other shorter ; standard orbicular, reflexed : keel much ex-
ceeded by the wings, incurved, with a blunt beak ; anthers 5, sterile; “legume ovate-oblong,
lew-seeded.” — A high, stout, rusty-hairy climber; leaflets 6"— 4" long; corolla S'" long. —
Hab. Jamaica!, Wils., uncommon, [central America to Brazil; Niger; East Indies].

39. MTJCUNA, Ad.

Calyx shortly campanulate, 4-fid or 4-toothed. Standard conduplicate, tapering abov ,
auricled at the base, usually exceeded by the wings : keel cartilagineous at the top ! Stamens
diadelphous : anthers alternately unequal. Stigma terminal. Legume thick, leathery, us-
ually covered with stinging hairs.— Twining herbs or shrubs ; leaflets 3 ; peduncles long,
often pendulous ; flowers large, fascicled-racemose or fascicled.

107. M. pruriens, DC. Leaflets subsericeous beneath, the terminal rhomboid, the
lateral very obliquely deltoid ; racemes elongated ; calyx 4-lid : the superior lobe broadly
deltoid ; standard ovate, half as long as the wings : keel with a shortly exserted, cartila-
ginous beak ; legume devoid of transverse crests, oblong-linear, curved, densely covered
with brown, brittle hairs. — Br. Jam. t. 31./. 4 : analyt. Jacq. Airier. Fid. t. 188. JJesc.
FI. 1. t. 49. Mart. Bras. 24. t. 46./. 2. — Dolichos, L. — Corolla dark-blue or purple, 15"'-
18'" long : standard pale in Jacquin’s figure. — Hab. Jamaica !, List., Wullschl,, common ;
Caribbean Islands ! ; [all tropical countries].

108. M. urens, DC. Leaflets sericeous beneath, the terminal ovate, the lateral ob-
lique; flowers fascicled ; inferior calyx -lobe lanceolate, as long as its tube, superior shorter,
deltoid ; standard ovate-lanceolate, half as long as the wings : keel with a shortly exserted,
cartilaginous beak ; legume with numerous, transverse, foliaceous crests, compressed, oblong,
hirsute. — Jacq. Amer. Fid. 1. 189. 'Fuss. Ft. 2. 1. 13. — Dolichos, L. Negretia, 'Fuss. — Corolla
yellow, 2" long. Hab. Jamaica! Al., Wullschl., uncommon ; Caribbean Islands ! ; [Cuba
and Panama! to Peru ! and Brazil!].

109. B2. altissima, DC. Leaflets glabrous, elliptical, poiutleted ; racemes short, long-
peduncled ; calyx sericeous, four-toothed -. the three superior teeth small or obsolete, the
inferior longer ; standard ovate-oblong, nearly as long as the wings ; beak of the keel car-
tilaginous, bluutisli, equalling the wings; legume with numerous, transverse, convex lines,
compressed, spatlndate, oblong, hirsute. — Jacq. Amer. Fid. 1. 190. — Dolichos, Jacq. —Corolla
IS"' long : standard and wings blue or purple, keel greenish-yellow ; legume 6" long, 1J"
broad below its pointed top, callous on the margins, rusty-hirsute : seeds orbicular, com-
pressed, 8"'-10"' dinin., almost wholly surrounded by the rhaphe. — IIab. Jamaica !, Wils.,
rare, iu mountain-woods, Mauchioneal ; [trench islands ; Panama! Brazil!].

LEGUA^INOSiE.

199

' X-

j j Qr > j -

40. ERYTHRINA, L.

Standard comlu plicate, exauricled, much exceeding the wings, which are often included
within the calyx. Stamens monadelphpus at the base: vcxillar filament often free above it.
Legume stipitate, torulose, linear, falcate, filled with cellular tissue, sometimes follicular, or
iudehisceut. — Shrubs or trees, often prickly ; leaflets 3; inflorescence fascicled-racemose ;
flowers usually scarlet.

Rudolphia rosea , Tuss. [of Haiti !], connects Erythrina and Bioclea, having the corolla of
the former, and the calyx and legume of the latter genus : it has further a twining stem
and single leaflets.

Sect. 1. Euerythrina. — Calyx campanulate, truncate. Carinal petals distinct,
included within the calyx.

110. E. Corallodendrou, L. Arboreous, prickly, glabrous ; leaflets ovate-rhomboid ;
calyx-teeth obsolete ; standard erect , linear-oblong, obtusate (2 " long), 6-4 times exceeding
the wings and keel ; legume many-seeded, moniliform, beaked, subcompressed, glabrous. — -
SI. t. 173. Besc. Fl. 4. t. 291. — E. speciosa, Andr. ( Bot . Repos, t. 443). — Calyx 4'"-&"
long, a little exceeded by the wings ; standard scarlet ; seeds scarlet, usually with a little black
spot. — Had. Jamaica ( Macf. ), common ; Antigua !, Wullschl. ; St. Vincent I, Guild. ;
[Mexico 1 to Brazil].

Sect. 2. Chikocai.yx. — Calyx spathaccoas. Carinal petals distinct, small.

111. E. velutina, W. Arboreous, prickly; leaflets ovate-rhomboid, rounded at the
top, furfuraceous-tomeutose beneath ; calyx cleft almost to the base •. teeth 5, minute; stan-
dard rejlexed, orbicular, (l"-l)y/ diam.) : wings and keel nearly as long as the calyx; sta-
mens longer than the standard; legume few-seeded, sinuate, contracted below, velvety.- — -
Bot. Mag. t. 3227. — Calyx 9",-12,H long, tomeutose; standard scarlet; vexillar stamen
free above its base. — Hab. Jamaica!, Pd., Al., in the southern plains; [Venezuela! to
Brazil] .

112*. E. indica, Lam. Arboreous, glabrous ; leaflets ovate-rhomboid ; calyx cleft
almost to the base : teeth 5, minute ; standard slightly recurved, ovate-oblong , bluntish,

(2" long), 2-3 times exceeding the wings and keel; stamens shortly exserted; legume 6-8-
seeded, moniliform, glabrous. — Wight, Ic. 1. 1. 58. — Calyx 1", legume 6" long. — Hab. Na-
turalized in Antigua 1, Wullschl.; St. Vincent 1, Guild.; [East Indies!, Pacific Islands I].

SuBTitiBE 7. BALBERGIEJE. — Legume indehiscent ; stamens monadelphous, or
vanously combined. — Stem woody ; leaves pinnate, or reduced to a single leaflet.

41. LONCIIOCARPUS, Kth.

Calyx shortly 5(-4)-dentate or subentire. Wings adhering to the keel. Vexillar stamens
adhering to the column above its base. Ovules several or many. Legume compressed, often
sinuate, wingless. — Leaves impari-pinnate : leaflets opposite; racemes axillary ; pedicels
often geminate or bifid ; flow exapupplish.

113. E. latifolius, Kth. Leaflets 2-4-jugal, elliptical or lanceolate-oblong, pointed,
paler and minutely puberulous beneath ; calyx rusty-sericcous : teeth minute, distant ; stan-
dard sericeous ; legume thin-membranaceous, glabrous, sub-sinuate- oblong, pointed, tapering
at the base, 3-1-seeded. — Robinia sepium, Sw. ( non Jacq.). Amerimnum latil'olium, Sieb.
Mart. 176. L. Swartzii, DC. L. oxycarpus, DC. L. inacropliyllus, Walp. (non Kth).
Piscidia carthaginensis, Macf. ( non Jacq). — A shrub or tree : leaflets 6"-3" (-2") long, vari-
able in breadth (2"-l" broad) : down appressed; flowers pale purple; calyx 1"', corolla 4'"
long ; legume 3"-2" long, 12("-10"' broad, somewhat contracted between the seeds. — Hab.
Jamaica!, Macf., Al., Wilt., Wullschl.: a form with narrow leaflets; Dominica!, Jmr. ;

S. Lucia !, Anders. ; Trinidad !, Pd. ; [Haiti !, Erenck islands ! ; Teapa, Panama !, New
Granada!, Guiana].

200

LEGUMJ-NOS2E.

114. Xj. violaceus, Kth. Leaflets 4(-2-6)-jugal, ovate, with a bluntish point, pellucid-

dotted , glabrous; calyx glabrous, suhtrnncate ; standard glabrous ; legume hard-membra-
naceous, glabrous, sinuate-oblong, pointed, tapering and acute at the base, 3-1-secded. —
Jacij. Amer. Piet. 261./. 61 : the llower. Eesc. Ft. 7. t. 522. — llobinia, Jacq. It. sepiuni,
Bieb. Mart. 182 ( non Sw.). — A low tree, 12' high ; leaflets 2/ long, 1 1 " broad ; flowers

violet ; calyx 2"', corolla 6"'— 7'" long ; legume 4"- 2" long, 1" broad, contracted between
the seeds.- — Hab. Antigua 1, Nichols., Wullsclil. ; Dominica !, Imr. ; S. Vincent !, Guild. ;
Trinidad 1, Bieb. Tr. 133 ; [French islands 1, Venezuela !, New Granada],

115. Xi. sericeus, Kth. Leaflets 4(3-9)-jngal, oval-oblong, pubescent beneath or gla-

brescent ; calyx sericeous, snbtruncate ; standard, sericeous ; legume woody, tomentose (or
tuberulous), straightish-repand or sinuate on the margin, oblong, shortly stipitate, 4-2(-l)-
seeded. — llobinia, Voir- A tree ; leaflets calyx 2'", corolla 8'" long ; flowers purple ;

legume 4"-2" long, 9"'-8''' broad.

a. Leaflets pointleted, rounded at the base ; calyx somewhat exceeded by the large cadu-
cous bracteoles ; legume tomentose.

ft jamaicensis. Leaflets blunt, subacute at the base, glabrous ; bracteoles minute ; legume
pnberulous.

Hab. Jamaica!, Dist. (a), Pd. (ft in rocky places, Manchester); Montserrat, Trinidad;
[Cuba ! to Brazil ; western trop. Africa] .

42. MUELLERA, L.fil.

Character of Lonchocarpus, but “ legume nearly terete in the transverse section at the
seeds.”

1 16. M. moniliformis, L. fit., Mey. Esseq. I Leaflets bijugal, elliptical, usually
pointed, with scattered pellucid dots, glabrous ; pedicels geminate, single ; calyx puberulous
or glabrescent, subtruncate : teeth minute, distant ; standard glabrous ; legume many(-l)-
seeded, moniliform, deeply constricted between the seeds. — Aubl. t. 356. Miq. Surinam,
t. 4. — Coublandia frutescens, Aubl. Lonchocarpus pterocarpus, Miq. ! in PI. Hostm.
(non EC.). Sphinctolobium glaucescens, Miq. — A tree or shrub; leaflets membranaceous,
3"-l-|"long; flowers purplish : calyx 2'", corolla 8"' long. — Hab. Trinidad!, Cr., at Irais;
[Guiana],

43. PISCIDIA, L.

Calyx shortly and broadly 5-dentate. Wings adhering to the falcate keel. Stamens and
ovary of Lonchocarpus. Legume compressed, shortly stipitate, bearing along both margins
two broad membranaceous longitudinal wings. — A tree ; leaves irnpari-piunate : leaflets
opposite ; racemes lateral, precocious, compound: pedicels jointed above ; flowers whitish,
with a purplish tinge.

117. P- Erythrina, X. — St. 1. 176./ 4, 5. — P. carthagiuensis, L. : a form with larger
bluntish leaflets; EC.: a form with a shorter legume-stalk. — -15'— 30' high ; leaflets 5-3-
jugal, pubescent or glabrescent, oblong or elliptical, pointed or blunt ; flowers G"'-8'" long ;
legume 4"-2" long, 4'" broad, puberulous : stalk 5-2"' long, usually 2-3 times as long
as the calyx, sometimes scarcely exserted : wings transversely striate, lacerate, or repaud, each
8 broad ; seeds 6-8, transversely oblong, black, subcompressed, 3 V" long. — Hab.
Bahamas 1, Swains.; Jamaica!, all. coll., common ; Antigua!, Wullsclil. ; S. Lucia !, S.
Vincent ! ; [Florida ! to Guayaquil !].

44. PLATYMISCIUM, Vog.

Calyx 5-dentate. Wings free : carinal petals distinct below. Ovary 1-ovulate, long-sti-
pitate. Legume flat-compressed, membranaceous, stipitate, seminiferous in the middle, firmly
cohering and wing-like around the seed. — Leaves opposite t, impari-pinnate, glabrous ; leaf-
lets opposite ; racemes axillary .- pedicels simple, jointed at the top ; flowers yellow.

118. P. platystachyum, Benth. Leaflets 5 (7-3), elliptical, blunt, or with a bluntish
point, chartaceous ; racemes simple; pedicels as long as or somewhat longer than the calyx ;
standard rouudish, as long as the wings ; legume oval-oblong, 5-8 times as long as its stalk. —

LEGUMINOSiE.

201

Seem. Panam. t. 21.— P. Trinitatis, Benth. ! : a form with pubcrulous racemes— Leaflets
2"-3'' long, shining above : stipules deciduous ; pedicels 3"', corolla 6'", legume its

stalk 6"'-3'" long ; seed oval, 1" long. — Hab. S. Vincent !, Guild.; Trinidad!, Pd.;Cr.;
in mountain woods, S. Anns ; [Veraguas !, Panama !, Venezuela I].

45. PTEROCAKPUS, L.

Calyx unequally 5-dentate, turbinate at the base. Slaminal sheath open on the upper or
both sides. Ovary several- or 1-ovulate. Legume usually hard, compressed, roundish, attenu-
ated on the edges, or narrowed by a wing, seminiferous in the middle. — Trees ; leaves impari-
j, innate : leaflets alternate, reticulated ; racemes usually compound ; flowers yellow.

119. P. Draco, L. Leaflets 7 (5-9), oblong, bluntish or pointleted, shining-glabrous ;
bracteoles minute ; calyx glabrous, longer than the puberulous pedicel ; legume glabrous,
stipitate, corky-rugose, with a very oblique axis, 1-seeded, surrounded by a narrow wing,
which is less distinct on the carinal edge. — Jacq. Amer. Piet. t. 264. f. 91 : a leaf. Aubl. t.
299. — P. suberosus, Pers. Moutouchia, Aubl. — 25'-30' high ; calyx turning black in drying ;
corolla Belong; legume 2/,-l^" diam. : wing 4"/-3w broad on the vexillar edge. — Hab.
Jamaica!, Wils. ; rare at Manchioneal; Trinidad !, Or.; [Guadeloupe!; Nicaragua, Guiana!,
Venezuela],

120. P. Rohrii, V., Mey. ! Leaflets 7-9 (-5), elliptical-oblong, shining-glabrous ; brac-
teoles linear, often nearly as long as the calyx ; calyx rusty -tomentose, longer than the pedicel ;
ovary sessile, tomentose ; legume sessile, submembranaceous, slightly thickened in the mid-
dle.— Aubl. t. 147. f- 5 b : the legume. — Amphymenium, Kill. Phellocarpus floridus,
Benth. — Corolla 6"' long. — Hab. S. Vincent!, Guild.; [Venezuela, Guiana!, equatorial
Brazil],

46. DREPANOCARPUS, Mey.

Calyx shortly 5-dentate, blunt at the base. Column of Pterocarpus. Ovary 1-ovulate.
Legume hard, compressed, wingless, circinate-falcate. — Leaves impari-pinnate : leaflets alter-
nate, penninerved ; racemes compound.

121. D. lunatus, Mey. ! Armed with recurved, setaceous, stipular spinules ; leaflets
5-11, oblong, rounded at the top, glabrous : veins straight, approximate; racemes in a
terminal panicle ; legume stipitate, thickish, reticulated-rugose, glabrous, reniform-cochleate.
— Plum. Ed. Burm. t. 201. f. 2. — A shrub ; leaflets li" long, 8'" broad; flowers violet ;
legume 6"'-8"/ broad, forming a complete circle with a narrow sinus : stalk 4/" long. —
Hab. S. Lucia !, S. Vincent !, Guild., in maritime swamps ; [Haiti and Mexico 1 to Brazil ;
trop. coast of Western Africa],

47. MACHiERlUM, Pers.

Character of Drepanocarpus, but legume produced at the top into a long wing, which
is reticulated-veiny, and thickened on the inferior edge.

122. M. angustifolium, Fog. Armed with strong, recurved, stipular spines ; leaflets
\2-ZQ-jugal, oblong -linear, retuse, penninerved with straight approximate veins, puberu-
lous or glabrescent beneath : petioles and panicles rusty-pubescent ; flowers pedicellate, violet ;
standard slightly pubescent, twice as long as the calyx : keel falcate; column closed on the
inferior side; ovary villous, curved, long-stipitate ; “legume pubescent, with a glabrescent
wung.”— Drenanocarpus microphyllus, E. Mey. M. afline, Benth.— A tree ; leaflets 8"'-12'"
long, 2'" (-3 ") broad. — Hab. Trinidad!; Or.; [Panama 1 to Brazil],

123. M. robinifolium, Fog. Armed with strong stipular spines ; leaflets 8-17 -jugal,
oblong, retuse, penninerved with straight approximate veins, pubcrulous or glabrescent
beneath : petioles and panicles rusty-pubescent ; flowers pedicellate ; standard glabrescent,
twice as long as the calyx ; keel falcate , column at length split into 2 equal bundles ; ovary

villous, curved, long-stipitate; legume — Nissolia, I)C. Drepanocarpus isadclphus, E.

Mey. M. Siebcri, Benth. — Nearly allied to the preceding ; leaflets 20,,,-12,,, long, 7(,,-4w
bioad. Hab. S. Vincent, Trinidad!, Sch., Cr. ; [Panama!, Guiana!, equatorial Brazil!].

202

LEGUMINOSiE.

48. HECASTOPHYLLUM, P. Br.

Calyx shortly and unequally 5-dentate. Stamens 10-9 : anthers bifid-didymous. Ovary
long-stipitate, 2-ovnlate. Legume roundish, Hat- compressed, wingless, 1-seeded. — Leaves
impari-pinnate or 1-foliolate: leaflets alternate; racemes short, usually corymbose, axillary :
flowers small.

124. H. Brownii, Pers. Leaflets single, ovate or ovate-oblong, pointleted, pubescent
beneath; corymbs as long as the petiole, rusty-tomentose ; stamens 10, diadelphous ; legume
coriaceous, oblique, nearly orbicular, smooth, pubescent : stalk as long as the calyx. — Br.
Jam. t. 32./. 1. Lesc. Ft. 4. t. 258. — II. Sieberi, Rc/tb. ! Ptcrocarpus Ecastaphyllum, L. —
A shrub ; flowers white, 3"'-4'" long ; legume 1 0 '"—1 2'" diam. — -Hab. Jamaica!, Pd., List.,
March, common in maritime thickets ; Antigua !, Wullschl. ; Dominica 1, Imr. ; Trinidad !,
Cr. ; [Cuba 1 and Panama ! to Southern Brazil !, along the coast ; African coast, from Seue-
gambia ! to Guinea !].

125. H. monetaria, DC. Leaflets 3-5 (-2), ovate or oval, pointleted, glabrous ; co-
rymbs much shorter than the common petiole, glabrescent ; calyx puberulous ; stamens 9,
triadelphous, with the columu split into 4-androus bundles ; legume coriaceous, slightly
asymmetrical, oval-orbicular, smooth, glabrous : stalk longer than the calyx. — Plum. Ed.
Barm. t. 246./. 2. Miq. Surin. t. 5.— Dalbergia, L. II. Plumieri, Pers. H. Benthamianum,
Miq —Leaflets variable, 6"-2" long, the terminal larger than the lateral ones ; flowers 3"'
long ; legume 10"'-12"' diam.— Hab. Trinidad !, Pd., Cr. ; [Haiti : Guiana !, Kio Negro !].

49. DALBERGIA, L.

Calyx uuequally 5-dentate. Stamens 10-9 : anthers bifid-didymous. Ovary stipitate,
2- or several-ovulate. Legume oblong or linear, compressed, thin, wingless. — Leaves impari-
pinnate or \-foliolate.

126. B. Amerimnm, Benth. Shrubby, trailing, glabrous or glabrescent; leaflets
single, ovate, pointed, archnerved ; racemes lax, corymbose, exceeding the petiole : pedicels
longer than the calyx ; calyx shortly bilabiate : teeth blunt ; standard obcordato-oblong; sta-
mens 10, monadelphous ; legume leathery, biconvex, curved, smooth, 3-1 -seeded, stipitate. —
Br. Jam. t. 31./. 3. Jacq. liner. Piet. t. 263./. 86.— Amerimnum Brownii, Jacq —
10'-12' high ; leaves shining ; flowers white, 5'/,-6"' long ; legume 12"'— 6'" (-24"') long,
3'" (-5'") broad, slightly falcate, bluntish. — Hab. Jamaica !, Mac/., List., Wits., March,
Wullschl., forming impenetrable thickets; Haiti, Guadeloupe I ; Venezuela!, Panama!, Pa-
cific coast of New Granada!].

50. ANDIRA, Lam.

Calyx shortly 5-dentate or truncate. Carinal petals distinct. Ovary stipitate, few(-l)-
ovulate. Legume “ drupaceous, ovoid-roundish, 1-seeded.”— Trees ; leaves impari-pinnate;
flowers panicidate, purplish.

127 A. inermis, Kth. Leaflets 4-8-jugal, opposite, lanceolate-oblong- or oblong,
acuminate, or with a bluntish point, glabrous; panicle large, terminal, rusty-pubescent ;
calyx campanulate : teeth 3-angular, bluntish, petals nearly of equal length ; ovary glabrous,
hairy on the anterior margin, long-stipitate. — Lam. 111. t. 604./. 1. Aubl. 1. 373. Lesc.
Ft. 1. t. 53. — Geoffroya, Sw. A. racemosa, Lam.. A. grandiflora, Guil. Perr.! Voucapoua
americatia, Aubl. — Corolla glabrous, rosy ; “ legume oVoid.” .

a. Elowers shortly pedicellate ; corolla 0"'-5'" long : standard orbicular : its lamina twice

as long as the calyx. ... ...

p. sapindoides,- Benth. ! Pedicels often half as long as the calyx ; corolla long :

standard obovate : its lamina thrice as long as the calyx. — Ptcrocarpus, LC.

Hab Jamaica!, List., Al., Wullschl., common in the hills and along river-banks (o) ;
S Kitts 1 (a); Antigua!, Wullschl. 03) ; Dominical, Imr. (/3) ; S. Vincent!, Guild.;
Trinidad !, Loclch., Sieb. Inn. 47 (a) ; [Cuba ! and Mexico I to Guiana I ; ScuegambialJ.

128 A. retusa, Kth. Leaflets 3-4(-“ 6”)-jngal, opposite, oblong, refuse, or mucro-
nulate ’at the rounded top, glabrous above, rusty-pubendous (or “ glabrescent ”) beneath;
compouud racemes as long as the leaves: branches distant, rusty-puberulous ; calyx cum pa-

LEGUMIN0S2E.

203

nulatc: teeth 3-angular; petals nearly of equal length ; ovary glabrous. — lam. III. t. 604.
/ 2. — A. Aubletii, Bemh. in PL Kappl. ( non Benth). Geoffroya puhescens, Rich. — Our
specimens differ slightly from former descriptions by the persistent dowu and the number of
the leaflets; corolla violet, T" long; “legume very large, irregular, corky” {Cr. in lit.). —
Hab. Trinidad!, Cr.; [Guiana!].

51. GEOFFROYA, Jacq.

Calyx oblique, 5-dentate: tube turbinate. Carinal petals distinct. Ovary sessile or
shortly stipitate, few-ovulate. Legume “ drupaceous, ovoid, 1-seeded.” — Trees ; leaves
impari-pinnate : leaflets usually alternate ; flowers in simple racemes, yellow.

129. G. Sieberi, Benth. “ Leaflets 4-5-jugal, oval or oblong, blunt or refuse, glabrous,

pale beneath ; racemes tomentose-pubescent ; standard glabrous ; ovary shortly stipitate,
pubescent.” — Not known but from Sieber’s specimen. “ Leaflets 1 Y'-2" long, broad ;

flowers 10m— llm long.” — Hab. Trinidad (Sieb. Tr. 313).

Subtribe 8. SOPIIORE/E. — Stamens distinct. — Stem usually woody ; leaves impari-

pinnate, (rarely 1-foliolate).

52. ORMOSIA, Jacks.

Calyx bilabiate. Standard roundish : carinal petals connected. Stigma lateral. Legume
woody, few- or 1-seeded, wingless, at length 2-valved. Embryo straightish, hard. — Trees;
leaves impari-pinnate : leaflets opposite ; panicle terminal.

130. O. dasycarpa, Jacks. Leaflets 5 -jugal, oblong, pointed, glabrous; panicle large,
rusty-tomentose, calyx rusty -tomentose : lobes blunt ; legume obliquely rhomboid-ovoid,
stipitate, tomentose, 1-seeded. — Sophora monosperma, Sw. — A timber tree ; leaflets 4"-3"
long, 20,"-12"' broad; flowers blue, 8"! long ; legume 1^" long, 1" broad: sfalk 4'" long,
tbickish : seed compressed-globose, red, with a black blotch. — Hab. Montserrat, Dominica !,
Imr., in mountain woods, S. Vincent !, Guild. ; [Guadeloupe !].

53. SOPHORA, L.

Calyx obliquely subtruncate. Standard tapering at the base : carinal petals distinct at
the top. Legume inoniliform, wingless, indchisceut, many-seeded. — Leaves impari-pinnate :
leaflets opposite ; flowers racemose.

131. S. tomentosa, L. Shrubby; leaflets 6-12-jugal, oval or oval-roundish, hoary-
tomentose beneath or on both sides : stipules none ; raceme terminal, elongated, velvety ;
calyx campanula!* ; standard ovoid-oblong ; stamens included ; legume dry, glabrescent,
5-6-secdcd. — SI. t. 178. f. 3. Br. Jam. t. 31./. 1. Ease. El. 7- t. 375. — S. oeoidentalis,
L. S. havanensis, Jacq. Astragalus lanuginosus, JJesc. — 4' high ; flowers pale yellow,
1" long ; seeds brownish-red, globose : embryo hard, straight. — Hab. Jamaica !, List.,
March, on the seashore ; Antigua !, Wullsohl. ; [Cuba to Brazil !, trop. Africa !, East
Indies !, trop. Australia !, Pacific Islands ! ; along all tropical seashores],

54. DIPLOTROPIS, Benth.

Calyx bilabiate. Four inferior petals nearly alike, with the carinal ones distinct or
connected below : vexillar petal larger. Stamens alternately of unequal length. Legume
1-2-seeded, compressed, leathery, indchisceut. “ Embryo straight.” — Leaves impari-pin-
nale : leaflets opposite ; racemes compound.

132. D. brachypetala, Tul. Leaflets large, leathery, 2-3-jugal, elliptical, oblong, or
obovatc-oblong, glabrous; panicle sericeous, many-flowered! : branches distant, pedunclcd :
flowers pendulous, subunilateral ; calyx obliquely turbinate, divided to the middle, pubescent :
upper lip broad-ovate, blunt, subentire, 3 inferior lobes 3-angular, bluntish, smaller ; petals
shortly exserted : standard roundish, carinal petals distinct ; “legume large, ovoid-oblong ”
(/ {ierb. Eook.). — Leaflets 10"-4W, pedicels 2'", calyx 4"', corolla 5W long : “ legume shortly
stipitate, 4" long: seeds 2-1.” — 11ab. S. Vincent !, Guild. ; Trinidad !, Cr. ; [Guiana].

204

LEGUMINOSiE.

55. MYROSPERMUM, Jacq.

Calyx obsolctely 5 -dentate. Pour inferior petals alike, distinct, vexillar roundish.
Legume indehiscent, 1-2-seeded, attached by means of an oblong, stipitate wing. 'Radicle
inflexed. — Leaves impari-pinnate : leaflets alternate, pellucid-striate or dotted; flowers
racemose.

133. M. frutescens, Jacq. Leaflets 5-7-jugal, membranaceous, oblong or oval-
roundish, retuse or blunt, glabrous, striate with pellucid lines ; legume as broad as the wing,
which tapers at the base into a short stalk. — Jacq. Amer. Piet. t. 118 : the wing is repre-
sented as sessile, perhaps erroneously. Kth. N. Gen. t. 570, 571. — M. emarginatum, Kl. in
herb. Hoolc. — A tree or shrub; leaflets 10,"-12", long; corolla white, with a rosy tinge ;
legume (the wing included) 2"-3" long : stalk 4'" long : the resiniferous legume-vessels of
the section Myroxylon are wanting. — Hab. Trinidad !, Lockh. ; [Venezuela!, New Granada].

Tkibe II. CJESALPINIEAE. — Flowers not papilionaceous. Carinal petals exterior in the

bud. Embryo mostly straight.

56. H7EMATOXYLON, L.

Calyx 5-partite. Petals 5, nearly equal. Stamens 10. Ovary few-ovulate, shortly
stipitate. Legume compressed, membranaceous, bursting at the middle of the flat facets. —
A tree ; leaves abruptly pinnate : leaflets feio-jugal ; flowers racemose, yellow.

134. H. campechianum, L. — 'Puss. FI. 4. t. 36. Desc. FI. 2. t. 73. — Branches
white-barked, often spiny; leaflets 4-3-jugal, obovate, retuse, glabrous ; racemesaxillary;
legume oblong-lanceolate, tapering at both ends.— Hab. Naturalized and now common in
Jamaica !, List., Al., Wils. ; Antigua!, Wullsclil. ; S. Lucia!, Trinidad!; [Yucatan! to
Guiana ! ; cultivated in many tropical countries].

57. PARKINSONIA, L.

Calyx 5-partite; Petals 5, the vexillar broader. Stamens 10. Ovary sessile. Legume
linear, compressed between the seeds, many- or few-seeded, bivalved. — Spiny shrubs ; leaves
bipinnate with clustered pinna : primary petioles abortive, secondary elongated, abruptly
pinnate with minute leaflets ; flowers racemose, yellow.

135. P. aculeata, L. Pinna; 1-2-jugal: secondary petioles winged, linear-acuminate ;
leaflets minutely oblong or obovate, blunt, uppermost (or many) abortive.—/^. Amer.
Piet. t. 119. Desc. Ft. 1. t. 12.— 12'- 15' high; leaflets 2"'-l'" long.— Hab. Jamaica!,
At.; Antigua!, Wullschl.; S. Vincent !, Guild. ; Barbadoes !, Trinidad !, in fences ; [Cali-
fornia ! to Montevideo ! ; cultivated in all tropical countries].

58. GUILANDINA, L.

Calyx 5-partite. Petals 5, nearly equal. Stamens 10 : filaments villous below. Legume
broadly ovate-oblong, convex-compressed, bivalved, few(-l)-sceded, prickly, shortly stipi-
tate : seeds large, bony, subcompressed-globose.— Prickly, trailing shrubs ; leaves abruptly
bipinnate: primary and secondary petioles puberulous, bearing recurved prickles : leaflets
5-8 -jugal, pellucid-dotted, mucronate ; flowers racemose, rusty -yellow ; bracts subulate,
deciduous.

136. G. Bonduc, L. ( ex syn. SI.). Leaflets puberulous or glabrescent, oval or ovate,
blunt verti unequal at the base : stipules abortive ; bracts as long as the pedicels ; seeds
yellow.— G. micropliylla, DC. — Leaflets 8"'-12"' long, 6"'-8"' broad.-liAB. Jamaica !, Pd. ;
Antigua !, Wullschl., on the sandy seashore; [Guadeloupe!].

137. G. Bonducella, L. Leaflets puberulous or glabrescent, oval-oblong, blunt, sub-
cordate at the nearly equal base : stipules cut into large segments ; bracts longer than the
nedicels recurved ; seeds lead-coloured. — Schranlc, FI. Monac. t. 68. Desc. FI. 2. t. JO.
G. Bonduc, Auct.— Higher than the preceding; leaflets 18"' loug, 8 -10' broad.— Hab.
Jamaica (SI.) ; Dominica !, Imr. ; [Florida to Brazil!, along the coast; trop. Africa ., Mas-
catc !, East Indies !, Pacific Islands !].

LEGUMIN0S2E.

205

138. G. glabra, Mill. Leaflets glabrous , shining, elliptical or elliptical-oblong, equal
at the rounded base, pointed : stipules abortive ; bracts as long as the pedicels ; seeds
"grey” ( Duchass .). — Leaflets papery, 3"-2" long, broad. — Had. Jamaica !,

March, Wullschl. ; [Martinique!].

59. CJESALPINIA, L.

Calyx-tube turbinate, persistent : limb coloured, 5-partite : inferior segment larger,
vaulted. Petals 5, unequal. Stamens 10. Stigma concave, minutely ciliate. Legume
oblong, straigbtish, unarmed, wingless, sessile or shortly stipitate. — Stem woody ; leaves
abruptly bipinnate ; flowers racemose: pedicels jointed, destitute of bracts.

Sect. 1. Nicaragua. — Legume baccate, indehiscent, tumid-compressed, few-seeded. —
Flowers in compound racemes, yellow.

139. C. bijuga, Sw. Arboreous, prickly (or unarmed), glabrous ; pinna 2-B-jugal:
leaflets 2{-l)-jugal, obversely deltoid-roundish or obliquely rhomboid, slightly retuse,
pellucid-dotted ; pedicels jointed below the top ; petals exceeding a little the shorter calyx-
segments, as long as the sexual organs ; filaments and ovary villous ; stigma thickish ; legume
3(-l )-seeded, succulent, black, straight, sessile. — SI. t. 181. f. 2, 3. — Poineiana, Z. C.
ventricosa, L. C. glandulosa, Bert. Acacia Bancroftiana, Bert. ! — 15'-20' high ; leaflets
12"'-9'" long, 10"'-8'" broad ; petals 4"'-5"' long; legume impressed transversely with
spurious dissepiments, tumid on the margins, bluntisb at the top, 2"-l" long, 6"' broad,
2"'-3"' thick : seeds shiuing-brown, compressed-globose, 4'" diaim — Hab. Jamaica !, Bancr.,
At., Wils., in dry savannahs and on limestone-rocks; [Cuba !, Haiti!, Curacao] .

[Cuba, Guade-

Sect. 2. Sappania. — Legume dry, bivalved, many-seeded. — Flowers in simple racemes.

140*. C. sepiaria, lioxb. Shrubby, prickly, puberulous above ; pinna 6-1 0 (-4) -jugal :
leaflets 8-12-jugal, oblong, rounded or subtruucate at the top, puberulous beneath or gla-
brescent : stipules semisagittate, deciduous ; pedicels long, jointed at the top ; petals
exceeding a little the calyx ; filaments shortly exserted, villous below ; stigma thickish ;
legume 6-8-seeded, glahreseent, obliquely long-cuspidate, sessile. — Wight, Ic. t. 37. — C.
horrida, Rich. Cub. ( non Hassle.). — Diffuse or trailing; leaflets 6"'-5"' long, 2"' broad,
pale beneath ; petals 6"' long ; legume flat-compressed, at length tumid, devoid’ of dissepi-
ments, rounded at both ends, 2£"-2" long, 10"'-8'" broad : seeds ovoid, variegated-black,
4"' long.— Hab, Naturalized in Dominica!, Imr. ; S. Vincent!, Guild.
loupe ! ; introduced from the East Indies ! for growing fences],

141. C. pulcherrima, Sw. Shrubby, prickly, glabrous; pinna 9-3 -jugal: leaflets
10-5 -jugal, oblong or spathulate-oblong, rounded or subtruncate at the mucronulate top ;
racemes terminal, pyramidal : pedicels very long, jointed below the top ; petals exceeding’
the calyx, often lacerate ou the margin ; sexual organs thrice as long as the corolla ; fila-
ments slightly hairy below ; stigma minute ; legume S-10-secdcd, glabrous, shortly cusp’idate,
and shortly stipitate— Jacq. Amer. Piet. t. 120. Peso. FI. 1. t. 6.— Poineiana, L.— 10'-
1 2' high ; leaflets 6'" long ; petals red-orange (rarely yellow), 1" long ; legume flat-com-
pressed obliquely rounded at the top, intercepted with cellular tissue between the seeds,
4-5 long, 8 -10 broad: stalk If' -2"' long.— Hab. Jamaica (Macf.) ■ S. Kitts !, FIs. ;
Antigua!, Wullschl.-, S. Vincent!, Guild.; Trinidad !, Sch. ; [Cuba! and Mexico' to
Brazil ! ; trop. Africa !, East Indies !, Pacific Islands !].

• 14,2' ,C‘ Crista>, . Sw\ S,hnl,)1)y (or arboreous), prickly, glabrous; pinna 4(-5-l)-
yugal : leaflets 5-3(-9)-jugal, obovate-oblong or oblong, retuse or rounded at the top •
racemes terminal : pedicels long, jointed below the top ; petals shorter than the calyx
sexual organs 2-3 times as long as the calyx; filaments squamulose below; stigma thickish ;
legume 1 0-7-seeded, glabrous, obliquely acuminate, shortly stipitate.— Catesb. Carol. 2.
, 01‘ ; Vn m,5?3’4; 6ad-—c- bahamensis, Lam - Leaflets variable, 12"'-5'" (-18'")

on*’ 0 a ) broad ; flowers “ whitish”; odd calyx- segment twice ns long ns the

res , rc exc , somewhat longer than its tube, which is 3^ long; sexual organs 1^ long ;

T ■conTrc91scd> scimitar-shaped at the top, continuous inside, 3" long, 5'" broad:
stal a 2 long : seeds subquadrate, compressed, 3'" dinm.— Hab. Bahamas !, Swains. ; S.
Vincent!, Guild.; [Cuba!].

206

LEGUMINOS7E.

60. LEBIDIBIA, DC.

Calyx-tube turbinate, persistent: limb 5 -partite, nearly equal. Petals 5. Stamens 10.
Stigma minutely capitate, concave, glabrous. Legume broadly oblong, laterally incurved,
flatly compressed, slightly convex on the outer, concave on the inner side, many-seeded,
wingless, sessile : seeds separated by cellular tissue. — A tree ; leaves bipinnate ; pinna: un-
paired, abruptly pinnate ; flowers white, in contracted, compound racemes: branches few-
Jloivered : pedicels jointed at the base and at the top, destitute of bracts.

143. L. coriaria, Schlecht. — Jacq. Amer. Piet. t. 260./. 33. Eumb. Mimos. t. 45.—
Poinciana, Jacq. Cfesalpinia, Humb. 20-30' high, unarmed, glabrous, with the petioles
puberulous or glabrescent; pinnae 15—9: leaflets 24— 16-jugal, oblong-linear, blunt,
dotted with a series of black dots beneath ; petals as long as the calyx, spathidate, 2'" long ;
legume 2"-H" long, 9"'-10"' broad, rounded at the top, S-6-seeded. — Hab. Jamaica!,
Macf. ; Trinidad \, Cr. ; [Haiti and Mexico ! to Venezuela !].

61. PELTOPHORUM, Fog.

Calyx 5-partite : segments nearly equal or the inferior larger. Petals 5. Stamens 10,
hirsute at the base, included. Stigma broadly peltate, glabrous. Legume oblong, flatly
compressed, few- or 1-seeded, wingless, stipitate : valves connected by cellular tissue.— Unarmed
trees ; leaves abruptly bipinnate ; racemes usually paniculate.

144. P. Linnsei, Bentli.l Pinna 4,-jugal : leaflets 6-8-jugal, semiovatc -oblong or
oval, bluntish, slightly puberulous or glabrescent, shortly petiolulate : petioles and racemes
puberulous; pedicels short; “calyx-segments lacerate on the margin, the inferior larger,
fimbriate ;” legume 4-2-seeded, broadly oblong, blunt, acute at the shortly stipitate base.
Cfesalpinia brasiliensis, L. e Jamaica; Sw., Macf. !— A low tree; wood orange-coloured;
leaflets 18"'— 8"' long; “flowers small, yellow :” pedicels 3'" long.; legume 3"-2i" long,
14"'-12"' broad, glabrous : stalk 3"' long : seeds roundish, compressed.— Hab. Jamaica !,
Macf., on dry, calcareous soil.

145. P. adnatum, Or. ( n. sp .). Pinna 6-7 -jugal: leaflets 36-16 -jugal, oblong-
linear or linear, blunt, broadly adnate at the base, rusty-pubescent beneath : petioles,
inflorescence, and calyx rusty-tomentose ; panicle lax, corymbiform: pedicels long ; calyx

much exceeded by the corolla : segments nearly equal, entire ; legume — 1 mnse 6 -8

distant from each other, opposite: leaflets opposite, shining-glabrous above, somewhat
revolute on the margin, equilateral, spreading, adnate to the rhaehis by then- whole breadth,
3"'-2"' Ion"- broad; panicle diehotomously divided into racemes at and above the

base: pedicels 5-10 on each branch, spreading, 8'" long ; calyx imbricate, 3"' long : tube
minute, turbiuate : segments obovate ; petals broadly obovate, subentire, the largest 8 long,
twice as long as the stamens ; filaments densely rusty-pilose at the base, as long as the style :
anthers ovate-oblong, incumbent, introrse ; ovary rusty-villous, 4-ovulate : stigma abruptly
enlarged, glabrous, §"' broad— Hab. Bahamas 1, Swains.

62. CASSIA, L.

Serials 5 subdistinct, deciduous. Petals 5. Stamens 10 (-5) : 3 superior often diflbrm
or abortive’- anther-cells dehiscent by pores or incomplete clefts. Legume compressed or
cylindrical, dry or filled with pulp, often many-celled, with spurious dissepiments. Embryo
straight.— Leaves abruptly pinnate: leaflets opposite; flowers mostly yellow.

Sect. 1. Fistula. — Stamens 10, fertile: anthers ovate-oblong, bursting above with incom-
plete clefts (or at the base with pores). Legume cylindrical or nearly so, indehiscent,
many-celled, mostly filled with pulp: seeds compressed, parallel to the dissepiments.—
Trees ; flowers racemose, large.

146* C. Fistula, L. Leaflets 4,-8-jugal, ovate-oblong, bluntish (rarely acuminate),
glabrescent : petiole eglandular ; racemes lax, drooping ; pedicels long, ebracteate ; legume
cylindrical smooth, glabrous. — Tuss. Ft. 4. t. 2. Desc. FI. 2. t. l~o. Leaflets 4 5 ,

2"' V" petals 8"'-l 2'", legume 2'-l' long.— Hab. Naturalized in Jamaica 1, Macf,
Zl, and hi thfcaribbean Islands 1 ; [Mexico 1 to Brazil 1 ; trop. Africa 1 to Egypt 1 ; East
Indies! to China!].

LEGUMINOSiE.

207

147*. C. marglnata, Jloxb. Leaflets 10-20 -jugal, inequilateral, oval-oblong, blunt,
pubcrulous, margined : petiole eglandular : stipules semi-sagittate ; racemes axillary, exceeded
by the leaves : pedicels long, supported bp subulate bracts ; petals reddish ; “ legume
cylindrical, torulose, glabrous, pendulous.” — C. Roxburghii, DC. C. javanica, Lun. ( non
L.). — Leaflets 2", sepals 3'", petals 10"' long. — Hab. Naturalized in Jamaica!, Wits.;
[introduced from the East Indies].

148. C. grandis, L. Leaflets 10-20-jugal, oblong, rounded at both ends, puberalous

above, rusty-pubescent beneath : petiole eglandular ; racemes axillary, drooping, rusty-pubes-
cent: pedicels ebracteate ; anthers hairy; legume compressed-cylindrical, transversely rngu-
lose, glabrous. — C. brasiliana, Lam. — Leaflets sepals 3"', petals 4"'-6'", legume

(-4") long. — Hab. Jamaica !, Oerst.; [Cuba, Haiti ! ; Panama ! to Guiana! and Ecuador !].

Sect. 2. Chamjeeistula. — Fertile stamens 7 • anthers oblong , biporose at the summit.

Legume cylindrical or nearly so, ivoody or coriaceous , many-cell'ed, often filled with

pulp : seeds compressed , parallel to the dissepiments. — Woody plants.

149. C. bacillaris, L. Arborescent, glabrescent ; leaflets 2 -jugal, semiovate, pointed :
petiole bearing a conical gland between the lower pair; racemes few-flowered, axillary or
arranged in a lax corymb : pedicels long, spreading, ebracteate ; legume indeliiscent, sub-
compressed-cylindrical, apiculate, warty, glabrous : seeds horizontal. — Leaflets 5"-2", sepals
4"'_5"', petals 10'", legume 8//-12" long. — IIab. S. 'Vincent!, Guild.; Trinidad !, Sch. ;
[S. Thomas !, Mexico ! to Brazil !].

150. G. viminea, L. Shrubby, scandent, glabrescent; leaflets 2-jugal, elliptical-
oblong, slightly inequilateral, pointed, shining above : petiole bearing a cylindrical gland
between the lower or both pairs and a dorsal tubercle at the base : stipules falcate, setaceous,
subpungent (or lanceolate) ; racemes axillary, corymbiform : bracts deciduous ; legume
coriaceous, dehiscent along the suture, subcylindrical, apiculate, tornlose, transversely
veiny, glabrous : seeds horizontal. — SI. t. 180. /. 6, 7. — C. melanocarpa, Bert. C. undu-
lata, Benth. /: a form with semilunar, lanceolate stipules.- — A high climber; leaflets 3|"-2",
sepals 2"'-3"', petals 6"'-8'", legume 4"-6" (-2") long. — Hab. Jamaica 1 : all coll., in
mountain woods; S. Yiucent !, Guild.; Trinidad!, Sch., Loclch. ; [Panama! to Brazil!].

151. C. bicapsularis, L. Shrubby, trailing, glabrous; leaflets S-4:(-2)-jugal, obo-
vate or oval-roundish, rounded at the top : petiole bearing an ovoid gland between the
lowest pair; racemes few-flowered, axillary, as long as the leaves : pedicels short, bracteate;
legume coriaceous, dehiscent along the suture, subcylindrical, blunt, glabrous, with a
longitudinal, incomplete dissepiment: seeds horizontal. — Jacq. Fragm. t. 58.- — Leaflets
16'"-10'", sepals 4'", petals 6"', legume 8"-3" long.— Hab. Bahamas !, Swains. ; Jamaica !,
JFils., March ; Antigua!, Wullschl.; Dominica!, hnr.; S. Vincent !, Guild.; [Mexico I to
Peru!, Madeira!].

152. C. laevigata, IV. Shrubby, glabrous; leaflets i-Z-jugal, ovate-oblong or
ovate-lanceolate, acuminate: petiole bearing oblong-lanceolate glands between each pair;
racemes axillary and terminal, the former exceeded" by the leaves: pedicels as long as the
flower: bracts deciduous; legume coriaceous, dehiscent along the suture, subcylindrical,
blunt, transversely rugulose, glabrous.— Collad. Caff. t. 5.— Leaflets 3"-2", sepals 4'",’
petals 6"'-8"', legume 3"-2" long.— Hab. Jamaica !, Al., in the diy bed of Falls River’
Kingston; [Mexico to Brazil],

153. C. tomentosa, L. Shrubby, .tomentose or pubescent; leaflets 8-4(-2 ) -jugal,
oblong or lanceolate-oblong, rounded or bluntish at the top, pubescent above, tomentose
beneath: petiole bearing glands between all or some pairs; racemes axillary, the terminal
arranged in a corymb ; petals large ; legume coriaceous, dehiscent, subcylindrical, tomentose,
prubescent. Leaflets 18"'-9'", sepals 6"', petals 10"'-12"' long.— Hab. Trinidad!, Or. ;
[Venezuela! to Peru, Canary Islands! to the Cape!, East Indies].

Sect. 3. C haM/esenna. Stamens of Chamaefistula. Legume flat-compressed, bivalved :

seeds compressed, parallel to the valves, with their longer diameter transverse to them.

— Woody plants.

t Petioles devoid of vascular glands.

154. C. emarginata, L. Arborescent, pubescent; leaflets 5-3(-2 ) -jugal, oval-ob-

208

LEGUMINOSjE.

long , rounded or cmarginate on the top : petiole eglandular : stipules setaceous ; corymbs
axillary, peduncled, exceeded by the leaves ; legume coriaceous, linear, straight, glabrous,
tumid on the- margins, mucronate, subsessile. — SI. t. 180. f. 1—4. — C. ohrysophylla, Rich.
10'— 15' high; leaflets 2"-l", sepals 2"'-3'", petals 5'"— 6"', legume 5"-3" long.— Hab.
Jamaica!, Mac/., Pd., common in dry savannahs; S. Vincent 1, Guild.-, [Haiti].

155*. C. florida, V. Arboreous; leaflets 6-5 (“ 14-4”) -jugal, oval-oblong, rounded
or emarginate at the top, glabrous : petiole eglandular ; corymbs puberulous, arranged in a
large panicle : bracts lanceolate, persistent ; legume coriaceous, puberulous, linear, slightly
arcuate, at length straight and drooping, tumid on the margins, acuminate, shortly stipitate.
— C. gigantea, Berter. C. arborea , Macf. — 30'— 50' high; leaflets 2"-V, sepals 3 —1 ,
petals 6'"-8"', legume 8"-4" long. — Hab. Naturalized in Jamaica!, Wils., March ; [intro-
duced from the East Indies],

156. C. spectabilis, DC. Arboreous -leaflets 10-12 -jugal, oblong-lanceolate, shortly
acuminate, hispidulous beneath: petiole eglandular ; corymbs puberulous; arranged in a large,
oblong, spreading panicle : bracts minute, ovate, deciduous ; ovary glabrous ; legume • • • •
—Col/ad. Cass. t. l.—C. trinitatis, Rchb. ex diag— 30' high; leaflets 2V'-H > ,sePals
3«(_4»/, petais 8"'-10'" long.— Hab. Jamaica!, March ; Trinidad! (Sieb.) ; [Gmana!,
Venezuela, Para !],

ft Petiolar glands between the leaflets.

157. C. glauca, Lam. Arboreous or shrubby; leaflets 6-4 -jugal, oval-oblong or
oval, with a bluntish point, glacuous and puberulous or glabrescent beneath : petiole hearing
ovoid ■■■lands between each of the lower pairs : stipules falcate, linear ; racemes axillary,
corymbiform, peduncled : pedicels bracteate ; flowers large ; legume membranaceous, oblong-
linear, straight, glabrous, transversely impressed along the dissepiments, abruptly stipitate :
seeds oblong. — Plum. Ed. Burnt, t. 77.— C. Plumieri, DC. C. planisiliqua, Lam. C ar-
borescens, V. C. sulfurea, DC. C. discolor, Desv. /'—Leaflets 3"-l", sepals 3'"-4 .petals
12"'-15'", legume 5", its stalk 1"-1V' long.— IIaii. Jamaica!, Dist., March ; b. Kitts!,
Autigua!,’ Wullschl., S. Vincent!, Guild.; [Guadeloupe!, East Indies!].

158 C biflora, L. Shrubby, puberulous or glabrescent; leaflets 8-4(-10)p«y«/,
obovate-oblong or oblong, mucronulate-blunt : petiole hearing a cylindrical gland between
the lowest pair; peduncles 2-4,{-6)-flowered ; legume membranaceous, oblong-linear or
linear, slightly arcuate, somewhat hairy, blunt, rounded at the stipitate base.— G. lulgeus,
Mkcf. C. longisiliqua, L.fil. ? — Leaflets 8'"-4"', sepals 2"'-3'", petals 6"-8 legume
3"-li" long.

a. Legume 4W— 3,,; broad. _ , _ . ...

fl. angustisiligua, Lam. Legume linear, 2'" broad. — C. obcordata, Sw. . : a form with

emarginate leaflets. _ . , , rT ... , „ „ ,,/

Hab. Jamaica!, Macf., common, Trinidad! Lockh.lfl)-, [Florida,, Haiti., S. Barthe-

lemy ! (fl) ; Mexico ! to Panama! and Venezuela].

159 C. multijuga, Rich. Arboreous, glabrescent; leaflets 24-10(-30)-y«yn7, oblong,
mucronulate-blunt, glaucescent beneath : petiole bearing a cylindrical gland between the
lowest pair ; racemes arranged hi a termiual corymbiform panicle ; legume membranaceous
broadly oblong-linear, straight, glabrous, slightly impressed with transverse lines, rounded
at the stipitate base : seeds oblong.— C. calliantha Mey. ! C Sclloi, Don. C. 'nagmhea,
Mart.! C. ampliflora, Steud.l C. fulgens, Wall. /—Leaflets 12 -6 , sepahd-l,,
petals 8"'-12'", legume 4" long, the latter 10'" broad.— Hab. S. Vincent!, Guild. ; [Gmana .
to Tucuman !].

fft Petiolar glands above the base of the petiole.

160. C. ligustrina, L. Shrubby, glabrescent; leaflets 5-8 -jugal, lanceolate or
oblong-lanceolate, acuminate, unequal-sided, usually ciliatc: petiole bearing an o ong g an
above its base; racemes arranged in a terminal corymb; legume membranaceous, line. ,
slightly arcuate, glabrous, subsessile.— Desc. FI. 2. L 134.— C. balianiensis, ,M(- ca ® h
2i"-l ", sepals 3"'-4"', petals 6"'-8"', legume 6"-4" long. — Hab. Bahamas (Dill.) , Ja-
maica!, March; [Cuba! to Guianaj.

LEGUMIN0S7E.

20!)

Sect. 4. Herpetic a. Stamens of Chauuefistula {or some more abortive). Legume tetra-
gonal by longitudinal wings along the middle of the valves, dehiscent, many -celled :
seeds compressed, parallel to the dissepiments. — A shrub.

161. C. alata, L. Leaflets 6 -\4-jugal, large, oblong, subtruncate at the subsessile
base, rounded or retuse at the top, glabrescent : the lowest pair close to the ndde, and dis-
tant from the next pair : petiole 3-angular, devoid of vascular glands ; raceme long, terminal :
bracts large, deciduous ; petals lacerate on the margin ; legume black, mucronate : marginal
edges entire, wings crenulate.—Sl. t. 175./ 2. Desc. FI. 6. t. 443.— 6'-10' high; leaflets
5"_2" long, the superior pairs decrescent ; legume 5" long. — II An. Jamaica !, Wullschl.,
along river-hanks ; [Cuba, S. Thomas !, Guadeloupe !, Nicaragua ! to Brazil ; East Indies ;
Pacific Islands].

Sect. 5. Oncolobitjm. Stamens of Chamiefistula. Legume membranaceous, compressed,
at length biconvex or sub cylindrical, bivalved, mang-celled, devoid of pulp : seeds com-
pressed, at length parallel to the dissepiments. — Shrubs or herbs.

162. C. hirsuta, L. Suffrutescent or shrubby, pubescent; branches obtuse-angled;
leaflets 4-6-jugal, elliptical or elliptical-oblong, acuminate : petiole bearing a cylindrical
gland above its base ; racemes short, few-flowered ; legume linear, pubescent, not torulose,
at length subcompressed-biconvex.—Jacq. H. Schcenbr. t. 270.— C. caracasana Jacq
C. venenifera, Rodsch. /—Leaflets 2/-1", sepals 3"'-4'", petals 6"'-8"', legume 5" long, the
latter arcuate or straightish. — Hab. Caribbean Islands ! ; [Mexico ! to Brazil !j.

163. C. occidentaliSj L. Annual or suifruteseent, glabrescent (or puberulous);
leaflets 4-8 (-12)-jugal, ovate-lanceolate or lanceolate, acuminate : petiole bearing an ovoid
gland near its base j racemes short, few-flowered : pedicels bracteate ; legume glabrous,
oblong-linear, margined, compressed, at length biconvex-subcylindrical.—Sl. t. 175. f. 3. 4.
Desc. FI. 2. t. 135. — Leaflets 2"-l", sepals 2'"-3"', petals 6"', legume 4"-2" long. Corolla
yellow, hut whitish in drying.— Hab. Jamaica!, all coll., to Trinidad!: a weed; [Louisiana!
to Buenos Ayres ; Egypt ! to Sudan ! ; Madagascar !, Arabia !, East Indies !, trop. Australia !,
Sandwich Islands !, Galapagos !].

Sect. 6. Prososperma. Stamens of Charmefistula. Legume compressed-tetragonal, linear:
seeds compressed, parallel to the valves, their longer diameter likewise parallel to the
valves. — Mostly annual herbs.

164. C. obtusifolia, L. Annual, suffrutescent, glabrescent ; leaflets 3-2 -juaal, obo-
vate, mucronulate-blunt, cuneate at the base : petiole hearing cylindrical glands between the
lowest or two lower pairs : stipules long, linear-setaceous, deciduous ; peduncles few-flowered •
legume chartaceous, glabrous, smooth, compressed-tetragonal, acuminate : margins grooved.’

i Sl‘ k»8o’/' 5-_ ?• ,Tora, L~ 1 ~2' ^ leaflets 12"'-6"', sepals 2"'-3"', petals 6'"

legume 5 3 long, the latter arcuate or straightish. — Hab. Jamaica !, all coll., to Trinidad ! :
a common weed; [Ohio ! to Brazil ! ; tropical Africa ! and Asia ! to China ! ; Galapagos!].

165. C. sericea, Sw. Annual, suffrutescent, rusty-hirsute with accumbent bristles above

r ^ndt^ margin of leaflets ; leaflets 4-2-jugal, obovate, mucronulate-blunt,
rounded at the base, subhirsute beneath : petiole bearing subulate, stipitate glands between
most pairs-, stipules long, linear-setaceous ; peduncles short, axillary, few-flowered; lequme

trsllTdn’ r/fyiUrSUte or glabrescent, biconvex-subtetragonal, deeply impressed trans-
versely along the dissepiments : margins filiform, entire.— 6"-3' high ; leaflets 1 Iona- •

in^Lm“[cS7 p~. [ M]! OWOnS■ «£

SCfeeli fTht~f/ame7 % Chfrfif,la- Le9ume M-c°mpressed, protuberant at the

to the V, n , 0hc0rd?le> Sh0rter than iheir podosperm, compressed, parallel
to the valves, and their longer diameter transverse to the valves.

tiol1cGc,6,„<f;„°b0Tat^ C°llad\ Suffrutescent, glabrous; leaflets 4-7 -jugal, obovate: pe-
nedfrek^hractont^1/11 63 lanceol“te» acuminate, persistent; racemes axillary, few-flowered :
Vcls,t 'Ca ; le3 ffe arcuate, broadly -oblong, crested at the seeds, glabrous .-Col/ad,
W 8»' brll M2; Senna, ^.-Leaflets 8"'-12»' long; legume H"

trop! Africa !] AB‘ Natui alzcd 111 Jamaica !> Wright, near Port Royal ; [introduced from

I*

210

LEGUMINOSZE.

Sect 8. OHAMiECRiSTA. — Stamens 5—10, all fertile ; anthers linear, bursting at the top
with two short clefts, puberulous along a closed furrow below them. Legume flat-com-
pressed, bivalved: seeds compressed, parallel to the valves: podosperm deltoid. 1 cui-
cels minutely bibracteolate.

f Inflorescence terminal.

167 C Absus L. Annual, sull'rutescent ; stem glandular-pilose ; leaflets bijugal, dis-
tant from the node, obovate, glabrescent : petiole bearing a minute gland between tbe pairs :
stipules lanceolate-setaceous; racemes terminal, few-flowered (with accessory axillary
flowers) • legume pilose, impressed with oblique lines at the dissepiments. Jacq. Lclog. t.

63 -(h viscose, Macf. /-Leaflets 12»'-8"', sepals 2'", legume 1" long.-HAB. Jamaica!,
Macfl; [trop. Africa 1 and Asia!; Egypt!]. •

ft Peduncles supra-axillary.

168. C. diphylla, L. Annual, suffrutescent, glabrous; leaflets l-jugal, obliquely
semiorbicular or semiobovate, flabellate-nerved with excurrent veins : stipules cordate-su-
bulate exceeding tbe glandular petiole; peduncles single, 1 -flowered, exceeding ; the leaves

sepals striate with many nerves, scarious ; legume ^ S-Kpato

down : seeds oblong, obhque to the margins— Cav. Ic. t. 600./. 1— Leaflets 10 b , sep
3'”, legume 1|"-1" long— Hab.S. Kitts !, S. Vincent !, Anders.; [Portonco ; Mexico.

to Brazil!]. . ,

169 C. rotundifolia, Pers. Annual, suffrutescent, hairy ; leaflets l-jugal, semioval,
or obliquely semiorbicular, reticulated-veiny: stipules obliquely cordate-subidate lougei
than or ‘as long as the eglandular petiole ; peduncles single,

sepals foliaceous; legume puberulous with short haws.— Collad. Cass. t. 9 B C b o
lata, DC. — Habit of the preceding; leaflets sepals 2'", legume 12«'-8 long.—

Hab. Jamaica !, M’Nab ; [Mexico 1 to Brazil !].

170 C pilosa, L. Stem suffrutescent, pilose ; leaflets a -3 -jugal, oblong, mucronate,
oblique at the base, glabrescent, ciliate : petiole eglandular : stipules semsubulate >; pedun-
cles 1-2, one-flowered, nearly as long as the leaves ; legume pubescent .—CollM. Cass.
t. 20 A.— Leaflets 8"'-4"', legume 18"'-10"' long.— Hab. Jamaica 1, Dist., M Nab, Wullschl.,

in canefields ; [New Granada].

171 C. serpens , L. Perennial; stems delicate, herbaceous or suffrutescent, pubes-
, lon-ReU 4.-9 innal unea ual-sided, oblong-linear or obovate-linear, mucionulate, gla

^172° 'c line at a, Sw. I Shrubby or suffrutescent, perennial, pubescent with small,
/.airs ■ leaflets 6-2 -jugal, unequal-sided, obovate-oblong, rounded or subtiuncate at
h top ^miicronat^penninerved Jrith excurrent veins : petiole bearing a sessde, depressed
gland below the pairs and close to them : stipules acuminate from a

”1«’ c'poltadeit’ iC. Shrubby: brncta ,IiehU, p.bor.bu, , t-iiy.l.

iin

LEGUMINOSiE.

211

174. C. g-landulosa, L., Vog. ! Shrubby or suffrutesceut ; leaflets lQ-\§(~5) -jugal,
oblong -linear, mucronulate, slightly oblique at the base, penninerved, striate with veins :
petiole beanng a stipitate gland below the loioest pair (and sometimes several below the
upper pairs) : stipules short, not attaining the petiolar gland, subulate ; peduncles 1-3,
one-flowered, as long as (or twice as long as) the flower, much exceeded by the leaves ;
stamens 10 : filaments very short ; legume bearing scattered, curved hairs. — C. Channe-
crista Caribasa, L., Rich. Cub. — Often (and by Linnaeus himself) confounded with other
species, but distinguished from the North American C. Chamcecrista, L., by smaller (l"7 diam.),
quadrate seeds, the small stipules, and a perennial, at length shrubby stem : it begins
flowering however in the first year, and appears then like an annual plant. The variability
of C. glandulosa is extreme, and affects chiefly the ramification, the down, aud the number
and size of the leaflets. 5 -67 (-2') high ; leaflets 3"'-10'", petals 5"'-6"', legume l"-2"
long.

a. stricta, Schrk. Virgate, simple below, glabrescent : petiolar glands solitary (or a few),
shortly stipitate.— Schrk. II. Monac. t. 24., Rot. Mag. t. 3435.— This is the common
West Indian form, but Linnaeus’s description agrees better with /3, and Breynius’s figure,
quoted by him, is to be excluded.

@. ramosa. Diffuse; branches, petioles, and often the leaflets hairy; petiolar glands
long- stipitate, often serial up to the upper part of the common petiole. — C. virgata, Sw. !
C. Swartzii, WicJcstr.!: a form with subsessile, solitary petiolar glands. — Leaflets small,
often pointed, 3W-4W long, 10-14-jugal.

Hab. Jamaica!, all coll., common in the hills up to 4000' alt. (a, 0) ; a in all Carib-
bean Islands ! aud Trinidad ; [Cuba to Brazil !].

175. C. nicticans, L. Annual, herbaceous or suffrutescent, pubescent with curved
hairs, or glabrescent; leaflets 12-25(-5)-;i(.ya/, oblong -linear, mucronulate, slightly oblique
at the base, penninerved, striate with veins : petiole bearing a stipitate gland below the
lowest pair : stipules exceeding the insertion-point of the gland, acuminate from a lanceo-
late oblique base: peduncles 1 (-3) -flowered, much exceeded by the leaves; stamens 5-7
(-10) ; legume hearing scattered, curved hairs— Schrk. II. Monac. t. 33. Collad. Cass. t. 17.
— C. Chamaicrista, Sw. Obs., Schrk. C. iEschynomene, DC., Vog.! C. smaragdina, Macf.! —
Leaflets 5" -2"', petals (nearly included) 3"'-4'" long ; variable in the petiolar glands long-
stipitate or subsessile, the pedicels 2,"-8"' long, and the number of the stamens — IIab
Jamaica !, March : a weed in the hills ; [Massachusetts to Texas ! ; S. Thomas !, Guadeloupe !]!

170. C. patellaria, DC. Annual, suffrutescent, villous-pubescent ; leaflets 10-25 -jugal
oblong-linear, mucronulate, oblique at the base, penninerved, striate with veins : petiole
bearing a sessile, scute!} 'ate gland below the lowest pair ; stipules exceeding the insertion-
point of the gland, subulate ; peduncles usually distant from the axil, 1-3, very short
1 (-3) -flowered; stamens 7-8; legume villous with scattered hairs. — Breyrt. Vent t 24*
CoUad Cass, t 16.— 1 '-2' high, virgate; leaflets 5 "'-3'", peduncles 2"'-4'", petals’ (in-
cluded) 2 3 , legume Tj -1^ long. Hab. Jamaica !, TVils., uncommon; Trinidad!, Loc/ch.;

[Cuba ! and Mexico ! to Uruguay ! aud Peru !] .

177. C. praetexta, Vog. Suffrutescent, virgate, glabrescent; leaflets 20-30 -jugal
oblong-linear, mucronulatc-blunt, unequal-sided, penninerved with distant veins, glabrous :
petiole beanng a sessile, turbinate-cylindrical gland below the lowest pair : stipules subulate •
peduncles distant from thc axil, very short; legume glabrescent, margined with a narrow
wmg on both edges.— 3 high at length shining-glabrous; leaflets 6"'-4'", peduncles 3"'-
4 ", legume 2" long.— Hab. Trinidad !, Cr. ; [Guiana],

The Asiatic C. mimosoides, L„ mentioned by Vogel as West Indian, does not occur in
0111 collections : several Cassia, described by olders authors, remain as doubtful as they
ever nave been. ' J

63. SWARTZIA, Schreb.

c^ose^’ 6*irsting into valves. Petals 1 (-2), or none. Stamens 00, hypogynous,
several longer. Ovary stipitate, sevcral-ovulatc. Legume follicular. Radicle indexed —
irees; leaves impan-pinnate or l-foliolate.

178. S. grandiflora, W. Leaflets single (-“3”), elliptical-oblong, with a bluntish point,

I- 2

212

LEGUMIN0S2E.

coriaceous, glabrous, undulate : petiole short, subeylindrical : stipules setaceous, persistent ;
corymbs 3-5-ilowered ; calyx irregularly bursting; fetal 1, cordate-orbicular, glabrous,
thrice as lony as the calyx ; ovary glabrous : style filiform, incurved.— V aid, Lclog. i. t.

9 DC Lea. t. 58.— Rittera, V. It. simplex, V. Possira , Sw. S. simplicifolia ,JI., quoad
synon. ochnacea, DC.— Leaflets 5"-3" long; petal yellow 12 -14 diam., either
broadly rounded or with a bluntly triangular summit; “legume 2 long, oblong, tapeiiug,
1-2-seeded : aril multipartite.”— Hab. Jamaica !, March ; Dominica !, Imr. ; S. \ mcent !,
Anders, i Trinidad!, Pd., Sch., Or.: [Acapulco I, Panama I to Brazil].

179. S. pinnata, W. Leaflets 5, large, elliptical-oblong, pointed, glabrous : petiole
cylindrical ; racemes elongated, tomentose-pubesccnt : pedicels fascicled, longer than the ir-
regularly bursting calyx ; petal 1, roundish , glabrous, half as long again as the fl^yx;
ovary sericeous: style uncinate-inflexed.—Ann. Mus. 9. t. 24./. 2: the legume- % c,(

1 2"-6" long ; calyx globose, 3'" diam., tomentose ; “ legume G' long, contracted between tl
seeds 5-2-secded : aril orbicular.” — Hah. Trinidad!, Sieb.Trin. 93; [Guiana].

ISO S. caribaea, Or. (». sp.). Leaflets 5-3 (-1) lanceolate-oblong, pointleted with a
bluntish point, coriaceous, glabrous or glabrescent beneath, undulate: petiole stmte-cynn-
drical • racemes elongated, puberulous : pedicels fascicled, nearly as long as the 4-3-vatvea
p2Ts none ^ ovary sericeous : \lyle short, uncinate-inflexed.- »
apetala, Radd. (Salzm. Bah.!) ; but Raddi states the ovary of Ins species to be glabrous
Leaflets opposite, shining, reticulated-veiny both sides, tapering and

base 4"-3" long U"-l" broad : stipules deciduous ; racemes peduncled, nodding . fascicles
3-1 flowered • pedicels 3"'-4'" long ; calyx glabrescent, ovoid-globose ; ovary semi-ovoid,
2'»^~3'°Tong as tong as the indexed stalk : style V"long; legume hard, folhcular elhptied-
oblong, pointed at both ends, 2-1-seeded, 2" long, 10"' broad :

carpophore 6"'-8"'long; seeds ovoid, black, 6'" long: anl pale, two-thuds as long, laceiate.
— Hab. Dominica !, Imr. ; S. Lucia I, Anders.

64. BROWNEA, Jacq.

Galax 4-5-fid coloured, included within a bracteolar, usually bifid sheath. Petals 5,
eoualsLLLlT-10 (-15), inserted into the summit of the calyx-tube, usually monade -
Xus Ovary stipitate : gynopliore adnate to the calyx-tube. Legume compressed, many-
seeded.”— Woody plants ; leaves abruptly pinnate ; flowers large, usually crimson, m clus-

^m^B^Rosa SBerg. ^L^aflets 2-4-jugal, elliptical-oblong, cuspidate, rounded at the

base: (lowers fascicled; sheath vRlous, as long as the calyx-tube; s%Tram

as the tube and as the petals; stamens 11. shortly exserted

m3 t. 8 9. — B. coccinea, Lofl. ( non Jacq).- A low tree ; leaflets 6 ‘°"eis * ’

pedicels 3'" long ; stamens 4"' longer than the petals. IIab. . mcen ,

1S3 E sueciosa Rchb. Leaflets 4-3-jugal, lanceolate-oblong or elliptical-oblong,
cuspidate, subacute at the base ; flowers fescicled ; \ as

calyx-lobes 3-4 times shorter than the tube and the ah^ ^ —Leaflets 4"-2",

Guild.; Trinidad (Rchb).

65*. TAMARINDUS, L.

,.L , 1 • , 7),, ,1, 9 . i suncrior 2 inferior abortive. Stamens 3 (-2)

Om, B””!’1”™ "d“,el° *h' “

LEGUMINOSiE.

213

tube. Legume pulpy, indehiscent. — A tree; leaves abruptly pinnate ; (lowers racemose,
variegated.

184*. T. indica, /,. — Jacq. Amer. Piet. t. 13. — T. occidentals, G. : the West-Indian
form, with the legume 4-1-seedcd. — A high tree; leaflets obloug, retuse or rounded at the
top, deciduous, 18-10-jugal. — 11 ah. Naturalized in all the West Indian islands!, all. coll. ;
[introduced from the East Indies, and cultivated in all tropical countries].

66. HYMENiEA, L.

Calyx-tube lignescent, bracteolate : limb 4-5-partite, deciduous. Petals 5, inserted with
the stamens into the summit of the calyx-tube. Stamens 10. Legume woody, indehiscent. —
Resinous trees ; leaves bifoliolate ; flowers corymbose.

185. H. Courbaril, L. Leaflets leathery, polished, unequal-sided, obliquely oblong-
lanceolate ; flowers pedicellate, white ; ovary stipitate ; legume few-seeded, rough with mi-
nute warts. I) esc. FI. 5. t. 359. — A high tree; petals nearly equal, as long as the calyx-
segments; legume filled with mealy pulp.— Hab. Jamaica!, Pd. ; Antigua!, Wullschl.;
Dominica!, Imr . ; S. Lucia!, Anders.; [Cuba; Panama! to Guiana!].

67. CASPAREA, Kth.

Calyx-tube cylindrical : limb ligulate-spathaeeous, 5-dentate. Petals 5, inserted with
the stamens into the summit of the calyx-tube. Stamens diadelphous, 1 distinct, fertile, 9
connected, reduced, sterile. Ovary stipitate : gynophore free from the calyx : stigma capi-
tate. Legume compressed, bivalved.— Woody plants; leaflets 2, usually united by their
inner margins into a hilobecl leaf ; flowers in terminal racemes .

1 86 C. porrecta, Kth. Shrubby ; leaves cordate-roundish or ovate, 9-7-uerved, bilobed
to one- half or one-thvrd (rarely entire), puberulous on the nerves beneath : lobes deltoid, with
abhmlish point, parallel; petals lanceolate, half as long as the fertile stamen and the pistil —
u ^ *’ ^O'-Bauhinia, Sw. — 6'-15' high ; leaves variable, glaucescent be-

“A,4 _1 ' dmr- ; ^negated with rosy or white, 8'" long; legume flat-compressed,

l Ion g, 10 l-seeded. Hab. Jamaica!, all. coll., common in the lower hills ; [Haiti].

i87. C. aurita, Gr. Shrubby; leaves subcordate-oblong, 9-7-nerved, bilobed to two-
thirds, puberulous on the nerves beneath : lobes oblong-lanceolate, acuminate with a bluntish
point, parallel; petals lanceolate, more than twice shorter than the fertile stamen and the
mshL— ^7. 7C. A 61 -Bauhinia, ^.-10'-20' high; leaves 2"-l"long; petals white,
6 long; legume 2'-l" long, 4-1-seeded.— Hab. Jamaica {Mill.) ; [Haiti !].

68.

BAUHINIA, L., Vog.

Calyx-tube cylindrical : lunb ligulate-spathaceons, rarely 5-partite. Petals 5, inserted
wth the stamens into the summit of the calyx-tube. Stamens 10, monadelphous at the
base, or distinct, all fertile or partly sterile. Ovary stipitate j gynophore free from the calyx •
stigma infundibular-lamellate or conical. Legume bivalved or indehiscent.— Woody plants •
leaflets of Casparea ; racemes or single flowers opposite to the leaves.

Hmb„rS1°rrielli Bauh™™: a miaute couical stigma, short anthers, and the calyx-

b usually o-dentate in the bud, form a distinct Section, to which the name of Paul/etia

in JamdcT * °f ^ R mcroPAVlla> Vog., grows in Cuba, and a new species is cultivated

romfdtb^ri^f811^’- f'on' Sp\ U,n',nnC(1 ; branches glabrescent ; leaves subcordate-
broad fova tfS nmlTl “f ’ faW’,wlth tbe ncl'vcs glabrescent beneath : lobes

oim extern ^ ParaU!l; fl°WerS *^>7. or tba uppermost racemose ; calyx

/ AUt0Se’ T ha,:er’ Wlth thu cohc,'inS summit entire: limb ncaily
as long as the linear glabrous petals and as the distinct stamens ; anthers 10 elongated-

o-y

214

LEGUMINOS.ZE.

above : tube 1" long : limb either entire, elliptical -oblong, or bursting into 5 segments below
the cohering summit; petals anti stamens 2"— 3" long ; anthers allixcd above thcii base, ic-
curved, 0"'— S'" long ; ovary oblong-cylindrical, msty-tomentose, tapering into the exserted
gynoplmre, and into the style, H" long: stigma 21"' long, IV" broad.— Hab. S. Kitts!,
Antigua 1, lVuilschl. ; S. Vincent !, Guild.; Trinidad!, Cr., where its branches are used as
wood hoops ; [Cuba ( Benih.j] .

189. B. Bredemeyeri, Vo//. Armed with minute stipular spines ; branchlets tomen-
tose ; leaves subquadrate-oblong or roundish, bilobed to one-third or one-fourth, rounded at the
base7-nerved, pubescent above, velvety beneath: lobes ovate, blunt, divergent ; Powers ge-
minate or solitary ; calyx externally pubescent, spathaceous, with the cohering summit entire;
petals elliptical, with a bluntish point, tapering into the claw, glabrous, twice as long as the
calyx-limb ; stamens connected very shortly at the base, all fertile : anthers linear, recurved ;
stigma infundibular-lamellate, ovate, blunt, unilateral.— Leaves 34 -1 long, 2 -1 bioad ;
calyx-tube 6"', limb 1", petals 2", anthers 3", stigma 1"' long.— Hab. Irmidad !, Sen. ;
[Venezuela !].

190. B. iingnla, Jacq. Armed with stipular spines ; branchlets puberulous ; leaves
roundish-subquadrate, bilobed to one-third or one half, subcordate at the base, 11 .-nerved,
puberulous beneath: lobes ovate-deltoid, with a bluntish point, divergent ; flowers gemmate
or solitary ; calyx externally puberulous, spathaceous with the cohering summit entire ; petals
spathulate-oblong, retuse, tapering into the short claw, glabrous, twice as long as

limb; stamens all fertile, 9 connected at the base; anthers hnear, reewved ; stagma in-
fundibular-lamellate, unequally bilobed, blunt.— Jacq. Amer. Piet.

15 f 1 ■ Base. FI. 2. t. 128.— B. aculeata, Jacq. ( non L. ex Plum.). B. pubescens, BL.
B acuminata, Besc. {non A.).— A shrub; leaves li"-l" diarn. ; flowers white, calyx-tube
4'", limb 9"'-12'", petals l\"-2", anthers 2"', larger stigma-lip 4 long.— Hab. Jamaica
March; [S. Thomas 1 ; Venezuela, New Granada].

191* B. varienata, L. Armed with weak spinescent stipules; branchlets puberulous;
leaves roundish, bilobed to one-third, truncate at the base, 9-nerved , puberulous beneath -.lobes
broadly ovate, rounded-blunt, parallel-, peduncles bifid, 2-flowered :

linear uersistent • calyx externally puberulous, spathaceous or entire, minutely denticulate at
the summit ; petals broadly obovate, rounded at the iopsubsessile,
as the calyx-limb ; stamens 5-7 fertile, subdistinct at the cihate base mWd.
oblong-linear, recurved; stigma infundibular-lamellate, unequally bilobed . lalSe P ,
teheed. Mai. 1. 1. 32.-A shrub ; leaves 2" diam ; flowers rosy white : one petdwbh

a purple blotch at the base ; calyx-tube 2"', limb 6'" -8"' long ; Petak^r:fce^|’,,_3u w
broad • anthers U" long; legume flat-compressed, membranaceous, glabrescent, & o ion ,
6™ tooad: gynophore very short. -Hab. Naturalized in Jamaica!, March, common ; [in-
troduced from the East Indies].

69. SCHNELLA, Paid.

Calvr-tube campanulate : limb bilabiate to 5-fid. Petals 5, inserted with the stamens near
tlnfbase of the calyx-tube. Stamens 10, distinct, all fertile. Ovary sess^:^f“^ao^8
tate usually oblique. Legume bivalved or tardily dehiscent, flat-compi essed.
vines rarely erect woody plants ; leaflets 2, distinct or united, palmatinerved ; flowers

^Ts^endens, Benth. I Scandent ; leaflets distinct, _ semiovate, acuminate or
minutely bilobed at the summit to one-sixth or crnally°»»«o«Z at length

LEGTJMIN0S7E.

216

leaves 4"-3" diam., coriaceous, glabrous above, slightly puberulous on the nerves beneath and
glabresccnt, rusty -coloured : nerves immersed above, prominent beneath : petiole 2"- 1" long;
racemes elongated, often compound at the base ; flowers nodding, “ odorous,” G'" long : pe-
dicel 2"' long; buds ovate, striate, contracted at the minutely denticulate top ; calyx 3"' long :
lips shorter than the ventrieose tube, one 2-, the other 3-denticulate ; petals obovate-oblong ;
ovary viUous, sessile ; legume curved, flat-compressed, sericeous, shortly stipitate, apiculate,
li" long. — Hab. Trinidad!, Or., at Irais ; [Panama!].

70. ETABALLIA, Benth.

“ Calyx tubular, shortly 5-dentate to subbilabiate. Petals 6, inserted near the base of the
calyx-tube. Stamens 10, monadelphous. Ovary subsessile : stigma obliquely capitate.
Legume. . . . — Trees; leaflets single, penninerved ; flowers spicate.”

194. E. macrophylla , Benth. “ Leaves large, blunt ; spikes, very large.” — “Leaves
coriaceous, glabrous, 8"-9" long ; petals linear.”-— Hab. S. Vincent ( Benth .).

71. PRIORIA, Gr.

Calyx surrounded by a minute, slightly bilobed involucel, coloured, 5-partite. Petals 0.
Stamens 10, distinct. Ovary sessile, 1-ovulate : disc filling up the calyx-tube. Legume
■ • • —A tree: habit of Copaifera; leaves abruptly pinnate, pellucid-dotted : leaflets large,
2-\-jugal ; flowers in compound spikes.

This new genus is dedicated to Dr. Alexander Prior, one of the chief promoters of this
Flora. The affinity of Prioria with Copaifera is obvious, and traces of a ring (comparable to
the involucel of the former) exist at the base of the ebracteate calyx of the latter. The calyx
of Prioria might easily be taken for a corolla : but the correct view of the structure seems
to result from the involucel being free from the calyx-tube, the perigynous insertion of the
stamens, the inferior fifth calyx-segment (which is exterior in the bud), and the homologous
organs of Copaifera.

195. P. copaifera, Gr. A very large, spreading, glabrous tree; leaves evergreen, co-
riaceous : leaflets 4 (-2), obliquely elliptical or elliptical-oblong, petiolulate, bluntish, reticu-
lated with prominulous veins on both sides, 6"-4" long, 4"-2" broad : common petiole 1"
between, 8 long below the pairs, petiolules thickish, 3W long ; panicles terminal,
subfaseicled, usually large, 1' long, interrupted, the alternate subsessile spikes being 4"'-6"'
distant from each other, and 4,,(— 2") long : flowers clustered or solitary, and about V" distant
ea°k other, supported by a very minute roundish bi’act ; involucel exceeding the bract,
f !°nS : lobes broadly rounded or subtruncate ; calyx-tube turbinate, exceeding the invo-
lucel, sessile, i long: segments oval, ciliate, equal, imbricate, 1"' long, half as long as the
ban y equal filaments ; anthers incumbent, • oval-oblong : cells distinct, curved; ovary hairy
sessile above the calyx-tube, obliquely ovate, ~ as long as the filiform style : stigma minute •
ovule hanging from the upper part of the suture, hemitropous.— Hab. Jamaica !, Wits.,
rare at Bachelor s Hal], near Bath.

72. COPAIFERA, L.

Calyx coloured, 4-partite. Petals 0. Stamens 10, distinct. Legume stipitate, obliquely
ovoid coriaceous, bivalved, 1-seedcd. Radicle inferior.— Trees ; leaves pinnate, often pellu-
cid-dotted; flowers m compound, spiciform racemes.

{dimer. Piet. p. G7). Leaves abruptly pinnate : leaves 5-1-
jii^n1, coriaceous, unequal-sided, obliquely ovate, with a bluntish point, glabrous, pellucid-
dotted; racemes slightly puberulous ; legume ovoid-globose, slightly compressed, glabrous:
IcnV'T-T^T’ short~'/ac7- Amer- Fid- t- 128.— C. Jacquini, Besf.—A high tree; leaf-
i ‘ ’ ' !?nlv. usual,y alternate, one of the uppermost often abortive; calyx white. 2nr

long. Hab. S. Vincent!, Guild. ; Trinidad!, Sieb. Trin. 55, Cr. ; [Venezuela],

73. CRUDYA, IF.

Calyx-tube turbinate : limb 4-pnrtitc. Petals 0. Stamens 8-10, distinct, inserted with

216

LEGUM1N0S2E.

the ovary into the summit of the calyx-tuhe. Legume sessile, woody-coriaceous, fiat-com-
pressed, rouudish’or oblong, 1— 2-sceded, tardily dehiscent. — Trees; leaves pinnate {or reduced
to a single leaflet ) : leaflets alternate ; flowers in axillary racemes.

197. C. spicata, W. Leaflets 9-13, oblong-lanceolate, acuminate, subequal at the base,
glabrous ; legume oval-roundish , lurid-tomentose, rugulose with anastomosing veins .—Aubl.
t. 147./. 1-4.— Apalatoa, Aubl — Leaflets 4"-3" long, 12'"-9"' broad; legume 3" long,
2"-2h" broad.— Hab. Jamaica 1, Pd., in the great morass of Westmoreland; [Guiana],

198. C. oblonga, Bentli. Leaflets 4-7, oblong, poinlleted, slightly unequal-sided,
and oblique at the base, glabrous above, puberulous on the ribs beneath, or glabrate ; legume
oval-roundish, lurid-tomentose, rugulose with anastomosing veins.— Leaflets 4 -3 long,
2"-14" broad; legume 3"-3i" long, 2"— 2J" broad.— Hab. Trinidad !, Cr.; [Guiana],

199. C. obliqua, Gr. {n. sp.). Leaflets 7-4, oblong, pointleted, unequal-sided, oblique
at the base, glabrous ; legume broadly oblong, obliquely rounded at the base, subtruucate
at the top, lurid-tomentose, rugulose with anastomosing veins. — Hirtella glaberriina, Steud. .
in PI. Ilostm. — Leaflets 5"-3" long, 2V'-li" kroad: the midrib often twice as much distant
from one margin as from the other; racemes las, puberulous, 6” long : pedicels 3 long,
much longer than the alternate, 2, infraterminal bracteoles : calyx 2\m long, deciduous,
white; ovary villous, ovate, 2'" long: style filiform, uncinate, 5'"-6"' long: stigma minute;
legume 5"-4" long, 2\"-2" broad : margins tumid.— Hab. Trimdad !, Pd., Cr., in swamps ;

[Guiana !]. . , . n

The African Dialium gidneense , W. (_D. 7iitidum) M. Seneg. t. 58), was sent by Guilding
from S. Vincent, butis probably only a cultivated tree in that island.

74. MORA, Scltomb.

Calyx campanulate, 5-6-dentate. Petals 5-6, equal. Stamens 10-12, alternately sterile.

“ Legume woody-coriaceous, oblong, 1-seeded by abortion.” — Trees ; leaves abruptly pinnate ;
flowers in dense, elogated spikes.

200. M. excelsa, Bentli. Leaflets 4-3-jugal, oblong, glabrous ; petals obovate ciliate.
twice as long as the calyx ; stamens covered with deciduous wool.— Linn. Transact .lb. 1. lb,
17. — A high tree-, leaflets 8"-5" long, bluntish; spikes compound at the base, 6 10 long,

nodding; petals 2'" long ; stamens exserted. — Hab. Trinidad !, Cr. ; [Guiana].

Tribe III. M IM OSE/B. — Flowers regular. Mstivation of the calyx and the corolla
valvate ( rarely slightly imbricate). Embryo straight.

75. PENTACLETHRA, Bentli.

Calyx 5 -dentate: teeth broad; slightly imbricate. Stamens monadelphousatthe base
5 fertile, exserted, 5 (-15) sterile : anthers oblong, with a terminal gland.— fiees ; leaves
bipinnate ; flowers spicate.

201. P. filamentosa, Benth.l Pinme 20-10-jugal: leaflets 50-30-jugal, linear, fal-
cate at the top and at the produced base, glabrous ; sterile stamens B long-exser ed and
exceeding the fertile ones.-Acacia aspidioides, Mey. /-Leaflets ; long j broad

spikes 6"-8" long, often aggregate, or paniculate at the summit of the blanches . lha
rusty-tomentose: corolla deeply 5-lid, 2’" long; sterile filaments 8 long: aother-gand
subsessile.— Hab. S. Vincent!, Guild. ; Trinidad!, Cr.: a common tree on waste giound at

Cocorite; [Nicaragua!, Guiana!, Para!]. . . . ,,,. • .

Parlcia biglobosa, Benth., was observed by Jacqum in Martinique {Mimosa, ej. Amci.

Piet. t. 262. f. 68 : the biglobose spike).

76. ENTADA, Ad.

Calyx 5 -dentate. Stamens 10 : anthers ovoid-olilong, with a gland. Legume A V -com-
posed jointed : the joints separating from each other, and leaving a persistent, e0“tm“?
border (the replum).— Woody1 vines; leaves bipinnate, often arrhiferous ; flowers spic -

form racemes. . , n . , , ... 0 -

202. E. Bcandons, Benth. Unarmed, cirrhiferous ; pinna 1-2 -jugal: leaflets 2 5-

LEGUMINOS/E,

217

jugal, oblong, or clliptical-oblong, usually unequal-sided, glabrous or glabrescent beneath ;
racemes solitary or geminate ; legume sinuate, twisted. — 'Puss. FI. 3. t. 21. Besc. FI. 3.
t. 200. — Mimosa, L. Acacia, W. E. gigalobium, DC. — Climbing to an immense height ;
leaflets 3"-l", legume 2'-8' long. — Hab. Jamaica !, AL, common in mountain-woods ; [Gua-
deloupe!; trop. Africa! and Asia!; Pacific islands].

203. E. polystachya, BC. Unarmed, at length cirrhiferous ; p innee 4>-&{-2)-jugal :
leajlets 6-8 -jugal, oblong, rounded at the top, glabrous or puberulous beneath; racemes in
terminal panicles ; legume oblong, entire, straightish. — BC. Leg. t. 61, 62. Jacq. Amer.
Piet. t. 262 ,f. 67. — Mimosa, Jacq. M. chiliantha, Meg. ! — Leaflets about 1" long ; racemes
2"-3" long, spreading, densely crowded; legume 12"-6" long.— Hab. Dominica!, Imr. ;
S. Vincent!, Guild.; Trinidad!, Cr. ; [Panama!, Venezuela!, Guiana!].

77. PIPTADENIA, Benth.

Flowers of Entada. Legume broadly linear, flat-compressed, bivalved : seeds compressed.
— Woody plants ; leaves bipinnate, ivith petiolar glands ; flowers sessile, in heads or spikes.

204. P. peregrina, Benth. ! Pinnae 15-30-jugal : leaflets 30-80-jugal, minute, linear,
glabrescent : petiole puberulous, bearing a gland above its base ; flower-heads globose, small,
much shorter than the puberulous peduncle ; legume moniliform-sinuate, stipitate : valves
coriaceous, rough.— Kth. Mimos. t.. 30. — Mimosa, L. — A high, unarmed tree ; leaflets 1"'-
2'", legume 6"-S" long : flowers white. The flowers are sometimes reduced in parts, and
the anther-gland is caducous. — Hab. S. Vincent !, Anders. ; cultivated in Trinidad!, Cr. ;
[New Granada, Guiana!, Brazil!].

78*. ADENANTHERA, L.

Calyx 5 -4-dentate. Stamens 10-8: anthers ovoid-oblong, with a stipitate, terminal
gland. Legume linear-, compressed, tumid with biconvex seeds, bivalved.— Trees ; leaves bi-
pinnate ; flowers in racemes.

205*. A. pavonina, L. Pinna; 2-5-jugal, distant : leaflets 6-10-jugal, alternate, oval,
or oval-oblong, glabrous ; stamens included, with the glands exserted ; legume slightly fal-
foe^aCq- 4 4 ^cai'cts 1" long; pedicels as long as the flower; legume

6 -8 long 6 broad.— IIab. Naturalized in Jamaica I, AL, Wullsclil., and in the Caribbean
Islands ! ; [introduced from the East Indies !].

79. PROSOPIS, Z.

Calyx 5 -dentate. Stamens 10 : anthers ovoid-oblong, mostly with a terminal gland. Le-
gume linear, ]ndehiscent, baccate.— Woody plants; leaves bipinnate; flowers spicule : petals
internally villous in the American species. 1

. P- juLflora, BC. Armed with axillary spines, glabrous; pinna; 1-2-jugal: leaflets
20-15-juga!, linear-oblong, blunt; spikes elongated; legume falcate, entire, compressed, at

length thickish : endocarp separating into a series of closed joints. — Desc. Fl. 8. t 550

Mimosa, _ Sw. (M. piliflora, Sw. Fl is a misprint). Algarobia, As. Gr. P. dulcis, var. do-
'* P' d\ cls’ KtlL> has a straightish, sinuate legume; P. glandulosa,
Porr., has the legume nearly as in our species, but longer and less numerous leaflets.— A
ree, 30-40 high, sometimes reduced to a dwarfish shi-ub ; petioles bearin'* a sessile rrland
between the pinna;; leaflets 4"'-6"' long, l"'-2"' broad (much smaller than in P. glandulosa
of lexas); legume 6 -8' long, 6"' broad, at length 3"'-4"' thick.— Hab. Jamaica' A l
common m dry districts ; [Mexico ! to Guayaquil !].

80. NEPTUNIA, Lour.

TnCnS,* lid<intatfl\ Stamens (~5) : anthers ovoid-oblong, with a stipitate, terminal gland.
;2 // °/ng’ flat-[omlffed' membranaceous, bivalvcd.-Herbs ; leaves bipinnate: sti-
pules obliquely cordate-subulate ; flower-heads pcduucled. 1

/N‘ °le[acea.^"'4- Floating, radicant, glabrous; pinna; 2-3-jug, al : petiole
eglandular : leaflets 8-20-jugal, linear-oblong ; flower-heads ovoid : inferior (lowers sterile,

218

LEGUMIN0S2E.

with petaloid, long-exsertcd filaments ; legume long -stipitate, dcflexed, 5-8-seeded. — Humb.
PI. Equin. t. 16. — Desmanthus laoustris and natans, W. D. stolonil'er, EC. — Floating stem
often 8"' thick, spongy, with slender, emerging branchlets; flowers yellow; legume 8'"- 12"'
long, 4'" broad ; stalk 4'" long. — Hab. Jamaica!, Pd., in ponds, S. Elizabeth ; [Texas; all
tropical countries, e.g. Guayaquil !, Para!, Nubia!, East Indies!].

208. N. plena, Bentli. Slender, suffrutesceut, glabrescent; pinme 3-5-jugal: petiole
bearing a gland between the lowest pair: leaflets 12-40-jugal, sensitive, linear-oblong;
flower-heads ovoid : inferior flowers sterile, with petaloid, long-exserted filaments ; legume
stipitate, at length defiexed, 5-20-seeded —Mill. Ic. t. 182./. 2.— Mimosa, L. N.surinam-
ensis, Steud. Desmanthus punctatus, W. D. comosus, Rich. Cub. — Sterile filaments nume-
rous, 4"' long ; legume 12"'-18'" long, 4"'-5"' broad : stalk 2"'-3'" long— Hab. Jamaica !,
Wullschl. ; Antigua!, Nichols., Wnllschl. ; [Mexico I to Brazil! and Paraguay!, Galapagos!].

209. IV. pubescens, Benth. Slender, sutfrutescent, puberulous; pinnaj 2-4-jugal :
petiole eglandular : leaflets 12-30-jugal, linear, ciliate; flower-heads globose ; legume shortly
stipitate, 4-6-seeded. — Sterile flowers less numerous, or wanting; legume 8"'- 6'" long, 4'"-
3"' broad : stalk 1"' long. — Hab. Dominica !, Imr., in savannahs ; [Haiti !, Costarica!, Peru!].

81. DESMANTHUS, W.

Calyx 5-dentate. Petals subdistinct. Stamens 10 (-5) : anthers ovoid-nblong, eglandular.
Legume linear, flat-compressed, tumid at the seeds, membranaceous, bivalved. — Suffruteseent
herbs ; leaves bipinuate, sensitive : stipules setaceous ; flower-heads peduncled.

210. 30. virgatus, W. Glabrescent; stem vii'gate, angular; pinnse 2-4 (1-7) -jugal :
petiole bearing an ovate-oblong gland between the lowest pair: leaflets 10— 2o-jugal, lineal
or oblong-linear; legume straightish, 20-30(-10)-seeded : seeds oval. — Jacq. H. Vind. t. 80.
—Mimosa, L. — 4'-6' high ; flowers white ; legume 3"-2" long, 2"' broad.

a. Leaflets linear, 2"'-3'" long.

13. strictus, Bert. Leaflets oblong-linear, 4'" long. _ _ _

Hab. Jamaica!, all collectors, a common weed; Nevis!, Antigua!, Wullschl.-, Dominica!,
Imr. ; S. Vincent !, Guild. (/3) ; Barbadoes ; [Florida I, Lower California !, Mexico ! to Buenos
Ayres !, East Indies !].

2 1 | _ Q l depresses, Nth. Glabrescent; stem prostrate, striate; pinnae 5—2 (—1) -jugal:
petiole bearing an orbicular gland between the lowest pair, or eglandular: leaflets 10-20-
iugal linear; legume straightish, 8-20-seeded : seeds oval. Kth. Mimos. t. 35. D. prate-
rum’ J/ae/1.— More delicate than the preceding; stem branched, 8"-12" long ;. leaflets 2
long ; flowers white ; legume l"-2" long, 2"' broad. — Hab. Jamaica !, Macf., in pastures ;
Antigua!, Wullschl.; S. Lucia.!, Anders.; [Florida!, Texas! to Peru!, Galapagos!].

82. MIMOSA, L.

Calyx dentate or abortive. Corolla 4-5(-3-6)-cleft. Stamens as many or twice as many
as the petals : anthers globose, eglandular. Legume compressed, dehiscent : valves separating
from the entire border'' (the replum), jointed or continuous.— Leaves mostly bipmnate, sensi-
tive, mostly devoid of petiolar glands ; flower-heads peduncled in the West Indian species;
exserted stamens usually rosy or white.

Sect. 1. Eumimosa. — Stamens as many as the petals, usually 4. _

212 M viva, L. Herbaceous, low, prostrate, radicant, unarmed, glabrescent ; pinnee
\-iuaal ■ leaflets 4-5-jugal, oblong or obovate-oblong, blunt ; flower-heads globose ; legume
subquadrate, 1 -seeded, hairy.-®, t. 182./. 7.— Stem filiform, diffuse, rooting at each node;
peduncles and leaves l"-2" high; leaflets 2"' long.— Hab. Jamaica!, A/., m pastures,
S. Anns, S. Thomas in the East.

213. IVI. casta, L. Stem suffruticose, glabrous, armed, the whole length and on the
petioles with recurved prickles; pinna l-jugal, Bomewhat shorter than the petiole : leaflets
3-4 -jugal, unequal-sided, oblong or half-elliptical, pointed, margined, usually stngose beneath
and on the margin with scattered bristles; peduncles nearly as long as the globose flower-
heads, much exceeded by the petioles ; “legume-valves jointed, glabrous: border prickly. —

LEGUMIN0S2E.

210

Desc. FI. 2. t. 119.— M. dominiciana, Bcsv.?— Leaflets 8"'-12'" long : common petiole
3"-2" long. — Hah. S. Vincent !, Guild.; [Martinique].

214. IVI. pudica, L. Stem herbaceous, sufirutescent, hairy or glabrate, armed with
infrastipular and scattered prickles ; pinnee 2-1 -jugal, nearly as long as the petiole : leaf-
lets 15-25 -jugal, oblong-linear, pointed, ciliate with apprcssed bristles, glabrcscent ; ilowcr-
heads ovoid ; calyx abortive ; legume oblong, sinuate, 2-5-seeded : valves jointed, glabrous,
unarmed : border anned with spreading pricldes. — Plum. Ed. Burm. t. 202. — Leaflets 3"'-
6'" long.

a. Pinnae 2-jugal, approximate, or the uppermost 1-jugal.

fi. unijug a , Walp. ! Pinnre 1-jugal. — M. irritabilis, Prl.

Hab. Jamaica !, Al. (a), March 08), common in pastures; S. Kitts !, Antigua!, Nichols.,
Wullschl., S. Lucia !, Anders., S. Vincent !, Guild. ; Trinidad !, Siel. Trin. 110 ; [Mexico !
to Brazil ! ; Sandwich Islands ! ; East Indies !].

215. IVI. polydactyla, Humli. Stem suflruticose, hairy or glabrate, armed with
scattered prickles ; pinnee 5-3 -jugal, approximate, nearly as long as the petiole : leaflets
25-60 -jugal, linear, pointed, ciliate with appressed bristles, glabrescent ; flower-heads ovoid-
globose; calyx abortive; “legume- valves glabrous, unarmed: border prickly.” — Klh. Mimos.
t. 5. — Leaflets 2"'-3"' long. — Hab. S. Vincent !, Guild.; [Guiana ! to Brazil!].

Sect. 2. Habbasja. — Stamens twice as many as the petals. Legume-valves jointed.

216. M. asperata, L. Shrubby; stem and petioles rusty-hispidulous, armed with
strong subulate prickles ; pinnee 8-1 5 -jrigal : leaflets 20-60 -jugal, linear, obliquely pointed,
glabrous above, ciliate, puberulous beneath : rhachis hispid : stipules subulate ; flower-heads
globose, exceeded by the leaves, superior racemose; calyx cut into terminal bristles ; le-
gume oblong, 8-10-seeded : joints transversely oblong, covered on the surface and on the
border with long, rusty-yellow bristles. — Mill. Ic. t. 182. f. 3. EC. Leg. t. 63. — Leaflets
3'"-6'" long ; legume 3''-2" long, 5"' broad. — Hab. Jamaica !, Pd. ; [S. Thomas ! ; Panama !
to Brazil ! ; trop. Africa ! to Egypt ! and Madagascar ! ; East Indies !].

217. M. thyrsoidea, Gr. (n. sp.). Shrubby; stem and petioles pubescent with minute
down, armed with scattered, subulate prickles ; pinna 4- 1-jugal : leaflets 30-15 jugal,
unequal-sided, linear, obliquely pointed, glabrescent : rhachis pubescent : stipules setaceous,
spiueseent ; flower-heads globose, arranged in a panicle of compound racemes; calyx mi-
nutely 4-dentate; legume . . . —Allied to M. sepiaria, Benth., but the leaflets smaller, and
the racemes only once compound. Pricldes compressed, spreading or bent upwards, those
of the petioles much smaller ; leaflets 2"'-3"' long : pinna; 4"' distant ; panicle pyramidal :
peduncles 10"'-1 2"' long: flower-heads (the stamens included) 4",-5w diam. ; corolla 4-fid,
four times as long as the calyx; stamens 8, long-exserted. — Hab. Jamaica!, Wullschl.

Sect. 3. Ameria .—Stamens twice as many as the petals. Legume-valves continuous.

218. M. bahamensis, Benth. ! Shrubby, tortuous, armed with scattered, recurved
prickles ; branches and petioles rusty -tomentose ; pinna 2-4s-jugal: leaflets 6-3-jtigal, hafl-
obovate or oval-oblong, glabrescent ; flower-heads globose, with their diameter half us long
as the peduncle, superior racemose ; corolla 4-fid, twice as long as the calyx ; legume ....
— Leallcts lm-2w long. — Hab. Bahamas !, Swains.

219. M. Ceratonia, L. Shrubby, scandent, glabrous; branches and petioles armed
with small recurved prickles ; pinna 3-5 -jugal : leaflets 3 -jugal, very unequal-sided, obovate-
roundish ; flower-heads globose, superior racemose ; corolla 3-lid ; legume broadly oblong,
entire, 5— 8-seeded : valves continuous, glabrous, unarmed : border armed with recurved

I prickles.- P lum. Ed. Burm. t. 8.— Leaflets 8"'-3'" diam. ; legume 2"-l" long, 8"' broad.
—Hab. Antigua!, Wullschl., in Blubber Valley ; Dominica !, S. Lucia!, Anders. ; S. Vin-
cent !, Guild. ; [S. Thomas !].

83. SCIIKANKIA, W.

Flowers of Mimosa. Legume linear, compressed -tetragonal, echinatc with prickles : valves
continuous, separating from the keeled, valve-shaped border: seeds oblong, parallel to the
valves. Branches and petioles armed with recurved prickles ; leaves bipinnate, sensitive.

220

LEGUMINOS2E.

220. S. brachycarpa, Benth. ! Suffrutescent ; stem angular, vii'gate, pilose ; pinna;
8(-4-)-jugal : leaflets 15-30-jugal, linear, glabrescent ; peduncles as long as the globose
flower-heads, superior racemose; legume short, acuminate: prickles marginal.— Leaflets
long; peduncles distant, 4”' long ; immature legume long. — IIab. Trini-

dad !, Or., at S. Anns ; [Mexico to Brazil 1].

84. LEUC2ENA, Bentli. ( exclus . spec.)

Calyx 5 -dentate. Stamens 10 : anthers ovoid-oblong, eglandular. Legume broadly linear,
stipitate, flat-compressed, chartaceous, bivalved : seeds compressed, transverse to rhe valves.
— Woody plants; leaves bipinnate, with petiolar glands ; flower-heads globose, white.

221 L. glauca, Benth.! Unarmed- ; branches and petioles powdery-puherulous ;
pinna; '4-8-jugal : leaflets 10-20-jugal, oblong-linear, pointed, oblique at the base, glabres-
cent glaucous beneath ; peduncles often fascicled ; calyx half as long as the distinct petals ;
anthers oblong, glabrous.-Ca^A Carol. 2. t. 42 ^-Mimosa L. Acacia 17 A.
leucocephala, Lie. — A tree ; leaflets 3"'-4"' long ; legume 5''-6" long, 8 -10 broad.— Hab.
Bahamas!, Swains.; Jamaica!, Al., March; Antigua!, Wullschl., Domimca ., Imr., b.
Vincent !, Guild. ; [Mexico ! to Brazil! ; trop. Africa ! and Asia!].

85. ACACIA, 17.

Corolla 5—4 (-3-6) -cleft. Stamens co-10 : anthers eglandular, globose : pollen compound.
Let/ume devoid of a thickened margin, compressed, rarely cylindrical.— Leaves bipinnate in
the West Indian species; flowers in peduncled heads or splices, racemes, or clustered,

^entlfan/Tas excluded from Acacia the monadelphous and the decandrous species.
Monadelphy however in this genus is often an obscure character, and gradually increased
in nearly related species, while decandrous species exist still among Bentham s \ Acacia and
Calliandrcc ( e.g.A . tamarindifolia ,W., C. mollissima, Benth., etc.), the separation of which
would lead to establishing several new and artificial genera. It appears that, in Mimosa,
from the structure of the legume, more natural genera may be formed than from the flower,
and if this principle cannot be followed up, as long as the fruit in many instances is unknown,
it was possible to adopt it here, the legume of most of the West Indian species having been

examined.

Sect. 1. Euacacia —Legume dry, bivalved, compressed.— Stipules not spmescent.

§ 1. Flowers spicate ; stamens co, subdistinct. — Petioles glanduliferous.

222* A. Catechu, 17. Branchlets and petioles whitish-pubescent ; pinna 10-30-
iuoal ■ leaflets 30-5 0->^, linear, bluntish, ciliate, glabrescent : petiolar gland solitary,
"scutellate in the middle between the node and the lowest pinna; ; spikes elongated, axillaiy,
exceeded by the leaves; legume stipitate, broadly linear, flat-compressed, glabrous: valves
Xbtlv reticulated with veins.- Roxb. Carom. 2. 1. 175. — Mimosa, L.—A tree, unarmed
'if infrastinular prickles • leaflets 2"' long ; flowers whitish (but yellow in Roxburgh s
“ Sr W long. 6 "-S'" broad : stalk 4'"-6"' long.-HAB. Naturalized m
Jamaica'1 March, common ; Antigua 1, Wullschl. ; [introduced from the East Indies !].

A scleroxyla, Tuss. (PL 1. 1. 21 ; Desc. PI. 2. t. 93), a Haiti species, is very similar
but from its7 figures differs by a sessile legume, and the petiolar glaud immediately below
the lowest pinna; : it has whitish flowers.

223 A. nudiflora, 17. Unarmed; branchlets and petioles puberulous or glabrescent ;

innal ■ leaflets 10-16 -jugal, oblong, unequal-sided, rounded at the top, shining

broad : stalk 3'" long.— Hab. Antigua!, Wullschl.; [Haiti., S. Thomas!].

LEGUMTN0S2E.

221

§ 2. Flowers capitate ; stamens 10-20. — Petioles glanduliferous ; stipules large, foliaceous.

224. A. tamarindifolia, W., Benth. ! Scandent, glabrous, armed with recurved
prickles ; branchlets tetragonal ; pinna 4t-8-jugal, distant : leaflets 6-20 -jugal, obliquely
oblong , mucronate or blunt : petiole bearing usually a gland in the middle between its base
and the lowest pinuae ; flower-beads globose, in racemes ; stamens 10, subdistinct ; “ legume
llat-compressed, glabrous.” — Plum. Ed. Burm. t. 7 ; Jacq. II. Schcenbr. t. 396 : tbe sepa-
rate flower by mistake is represented polyandrous. — Mimosa, L. — A woody climber ; leaflets
3"'-4'" long : stipules reniform, deciduous, ofteu 1" diam. ; flowers wbitisb.— Hab. S. Lucia !,
Anders.; S. Vincent!, Guild.; [Martinique !, Sieb. Mart. 174; Venezuela].

225. A. bahamensis, Gr. Glabreseent, unarmed; braueblcts angular ■, pinnce 2-^-jugal,
distant : leaflets 10-20 -jugal, obliquely oblong, bluntish : petiole bearing a gland below the
lowest pinna: ; flower-heads globose, fascicled ; stamens 20, connected at the base ; legume
. . . . — Lysiloma, Benth. ! — I transfer it to this place for its affinity with the preceding.
Leaflets 6"'-4'" long, nigrescent by being dried : petiolar gland 2'" distant from the pinnae,
and about 1" from the node ; stipules large, semiovate, pointed, 8"' long. — Hab. Bahamas !,
Swains.

§ 3. Flowers capitate ; stamens very numerous.- — -Petioles glanduliferous.

226. A. paniculata, W. Subscandent, armed with small prickles (or unarmed) ;
branchlets and petioles pubescent ; pinnce \W%) -jugal leaflets 30-60 -jugal, minute, linear,
unequal-sided, blunt, ciliolate, glabrous : petiolar gland minute ; flower-heads globose, pani-
culate ; stamens oo, subdistinct ; legume shortly stipitate, oblong-linear, flat-compressed,
glabrous. — A. microcephala. Rich. Cub. ( non Macf.). A. Clauseni, Benth. A. martinicensis,
Prl.? — A shrub, sometimes scandent (Rugel) ; leaflets 1"' long; legume 5 "-6" long, 10"'
broad. — Hab. S. Lucia !, Anders. ; [Cuba!; Guiana, Brazil],

227. A. sarmentosa, Desv. Scandent, armed with small prickles (or unarmed);
branchlets and petioles pubcrulous or glabreseent ; pinnce 6-12 -jugal: leaflets \v>~8Q-jugal,
oblong -linear, very unequal-sided, semicordate at the base, bluntish, glabreseent : petiolar
glands usually minute ; flower -heads globose, paniculate, or in axillary racemes ; stamens oo,
subdistinct. ; legume stipitate, oblong-linear, flat-compressed, glabrous : valves membranaceous.
—A. Westiana, DC., Benth. I A. guadalupensis, DC. A. intsioides, DC. — A high, woody
climber; leaflets 4"'-3'" long ; flowers white ; legume 4" long, 10"' broad: stalk 4"' long.

Hab. Jamaica !, Walls chi. ; Antigua !, Nichols., Wullschl., S. Vincent!, Guild.; Trini-
dad \,-Cr. ; [Portorico !, Guadeloupe ! ; Panama !, Venezuela !, Guiana !, Brazil !].

§ 4. Floivers pedicellate, in peduncled clusters or racemes; stamens oo. —

Petioles eglandular.

228. A. villosa, TV Unarmed; branchlets and petioles villous-pubescent ; pinnce 5-8-
jugal : leaflets 10-20(— “ 25 ”)-jugal, oblong, bluntish, puberulous beneath or glabreseent ;
racemes ovoid-oblong or subglobose : pedicels longer than the calyx ; stamens very nume-
rous ; legume shortly stipitate, oblong, flat-compressed, hairy : valves membranaceous. —
Mimosa, Sw. A. lophanthoides, DC. A. valenzuelana, Rich. : leaflets 20-25-iugal. — A
shrub ; leaflets 4"' long; flowers white, with yellow anthers; legume 2" long, 6"' broad.—
Hab. Jamaica !, all coll., common in the southern hills ; [Cuba ; Mexico ! to Panama !].

Sect. 2. Vachellia. Legume turgid, sub cylindrical or thickish-compressed, filled with

pulp mdehiscent. Stipules or axils usually spinose : prickles none ; flowers capitate in

the \\ cst Indian species.

§ 1. Stipules spinescent ; stamens oo, subdistinct.

229. A. macracantha, Plumb. Bonpl. Branchlets and petioles tomentose-pubescent
°[ gla ircscent) ; pinna: 40-8-jugal : leaflets 15-40-jugal, minute, linear, bluntish, glabreseent :

pe 10 e beaung a depressed gland above its base and several between the uppermost
pinme , flower-heads globose, puberulous, subfascicled ; legume sessile, straight, velvety-
tmnentose or puberulous, at length tumid, with the valves convex. — Kth. Mimos. t. 23.—

. macracanthoides, Bert. A. pellaeantha, Meg. ! — A tree or shrub, very variable in the
down, the stipular spines either small, subreeurved (2"'-4'" long), or valid, spreading (l"-2"
oug), the number of pinna: and leaflets, and the pulpy legume either continuous or suhto-

222

LEGUMINOSzE.

rulose, with more or less convex valves, which however are never quite glabrous. Leaflets
1"'— 2'" long ; legume 4,(— 2-^,, long, 4,,,-6,,/ broad, 2,,,-3,,; thick.

a. Down whitish; legume velvety-tomentose. — A. subinermis, Bert., Manf.!

P. glabrescens. Down evanescent ; legume puberulous. — A. microcephala, Macf. ! ( non
Bid). A. flexuosa lasiocarpa, PL Carib., and 'probably A. flexuosn, Eumb. BonPL .

I-Iab. Jamaica !, Macf., At., Batter., March, in dry plains {a, (3) ; [Guadeloupe ! ; Mexico !,
Venezuela !, Ecuador 1, Peru !, Buenos Ayres ! ; Galapagos !].

230. A. tortuosa, TV. Branchlets and petioles tomentose-pubesceut ; pinna 2-6 (-8)-
juqal : leaflets 10-20-juyal, minute, oblong-linear, blunt, glabrescent: petiole bearing an
oblong, depressed gland above its base and usually between the uppermost pinnaj: stipular
spines valid; flower-heads globose, solitary; legume curved, tomentose: valves convex.—
Mimosa, L. M. saliuarum, 7.-*-A shrub or low tree; leaflets 2"', whitish spines 6 long..
— II ah. Jamaica!, Barter., At.: common in dry sandy plains; [Haiti !, S. lhomas!, is.
Croix ! ; Mexico !, Venezuela !, Ecuador ! ; Galapagos !].

231. A. Farnesiana, W. Branchlets and petioles glabrescent ; pinna 4-8(-2 )-jugal:

leaflets 10-20 -jugal, minute, oblong-linear, blunt: petiole bearing a soutcllate gland above
its base and usually between the uppermost pinme : stipular spines setaceous ; flower-heads
globose, fascicled; legume shortly stipitate, curved (or straightish),yfoSro2«s^striate, obiong-
linear , at length cylindrical. — Base. FI. 1. t. 1. -—Mimosa, L. Vachellia, W. s ru

or low tree: habit of the preceding; legmne 2"-li" long, 4'”-6" d,am. young tumid-
compressed : stalk l'"-W" long.— PIab. Jamaica!, March; Antigua!, Wullschl. S Lucia ,
Anders., S. Vincent!, Guild. ; [Louisiana! to Buenos Ayres !; trop. Africa . toAlgena.,
Candia !, and Egypt I ; East Indies ! ; trop. Australia !, Sandwich Islands !J,

232* A arabica, 17. Branchlets and petioles tomentose-pubescent or glabrescent ;
pinna \-\{-V)-jugal : leaflets 10-20-jugal, oblong-linear, blunt: petiole usually glaudu-
liferous ; flower-heads globose : peduncles bracteolate at the middle ; legume stipitate, com i-
pressed, moniliform-sinuate, slightly curved, tomentose (or

t. 149.— A tree : spines spreading, either small, setaceous (2' '-3'" long) or valid (1 -1,
lonel • leaflets li,,'-2',, long ; legume 4"-6" long, 8"' broad : stalk 6 8 long. ^ •

Naturalized in Antigua!, Wullschl.; cultivated in Jamaica!, Wils. ; [introduced Irom Africa,
where it ranges from Egypt to the Cape].

233 A coriophylla, Betilh. “ Branchlets, petioles, and leaves glabrous ; pinna 1-2-
jugal: leaflets -jugal, oval or oblong-elliptical, coriaceous, shining; ^er-“ pu-
berulous superior fascicled ; legume curved, oblong, glabrous, tu gid —A. leutiscitolia,
S.7-Bentham compares the leaflets with the leaves of Bums; “ spines minute or obso-
lete.”— Hab. Bahamas {Swains).

234 A. acuifera, Bentli. Glabrous; pinna l-jugal : leaflets 10-U-jugal, oblong, , ob-

lioue at the base subtruncate-obtuse, rigid, shining above : petiole bearing scutellate elands

at^ the' base and between the pairs ; flower-heads globose : peduncles half as long or as long

as the leaves - legume subsessile, circinate falcate, linear, compressed glabrous.— A tortuous,

leafy sS b ancM ts covered with minute warts ; common petiole 2" long ; sfaputet spines
leaiy smuu, uiaiicm „ b ^ peduncles 8'"-l 2'" long ;

y,tnnL1 1 “ . CM* tUe Lcew of i. : —

diameters l|"'-2'" : Hab. Bahamas !, Hjalmars., Turk Islands.

S 2 Spines 2-1 above the membranaceous stipules or obsolete ; stamens monadelghous,

3 ‘ 1 definite. (Chloroleucon, Bentli)

9 or. A parvifolia, IF. Branchlets and petioles puberulous ; axillary spines spreading

LEGUMINOSJE.

223

bearing a gland above its base : stipules oblong-linear, deciduous ; flower-heads globose,
shortly peduncled ; stamens 10-12, connected at the base; legume . . . . — Pithecolobium,
Benth. — A white-barked shrub, like the preceding ; leaflets membranaceous, 4"' long, 2'"
broad, stipules as long; peduncles 6W long. — IIab. S. Vincent!, G-uild. ; [Venezuela 1].

Sect. 3. Ai.bizzia. — Legume flat-compressed, indehiscent or tardily bivalved. Stamens
usually monadelphous. — Unarmed plants.

Rentham regards Albizzia as a genus confined to the old world, and distinguished from
from Acacia by monadelphous stamens. I see, however, no important difference in certain
of his American Pilhecolobia. A. trichodes, W. ( Leuceena , Benth.), said to be West In-
dian, is also related to Albizzia , but has 10 distinct stamens.

237. A. Berteriana, Bulb. Branchlets glabrescent; pinna 8-12 -jugal: leaflets
30-50 -jugal, linear or oblong-linear, very unequal-sided, semicordate at the base, glabrous,
shining above: petiole bearing an oblong gland above its base ; flower-heads globose", shortly
peduncled, racemose, and in a leafy panicle; stamens 10-20, monadelphous : their lube as
long as the corolla ; legume straight, broadly linear , shortly stipitate, velvety-puberulous,
iudehiscent : valves membranaceous, connected between the seeds. — Pithecolobium, Benth.
P. fragrans, Benth.! Inga fragrans, Macf.l — A tree; leaflets 3"'-4w long; peduncles
fascicled, 4'" long ; corolla white, much longer than the calyx ; legume 4" long, 6"' broad.
— IIab. Jamaica!, Mac/., common in the mountains of Port Royal; [Panama!].

238*. A. Julibrissin, W. Branchlets pubescent (or glabrescent); pinnee 7-12-jugat :
leaflets 20-40-jugal, obliquely oblong , with a juxtamarginal midrib, pointed, eiliate :
petiole bearing an orbicular gland above its base ; flower-heads globose, racemose; stamens
10 lb, connected at the base; legume straight, moniliform-sinuate , accuminate at both
ends, glabrous, indehiscent: valves cohering, membranaceous. — Albizzia, Boiv. Ac. tricho-
phylloides, Macf. A. angnstiloba, DC. sec. Macf.—k tree ; leaflets 3"'-4"' long ; stamens
4 times as long as the puberulous corolla; legume 4" long, 8"' broad at the seeds.— Hab.
Naturalized in Jamaica !, Wils., and the Caribbean Islands ; [introduced from Asia, where it
ranges from Taliisch ! and northern China to the East Indies.]

239*. A. Lebbek, IF. Glabrescent ; pinna: 2-4-jug al : leaflets o -2 -jugal, large,
obovate-oblong or obloug, unequal-sided, rounded at the top : petiole bearing an oval gland
above its base ; flowers pedicellate , in long-pcduncled clusters ; stamens oo , connected at
the base; legume straight, oblong-linear, pointed at both ends, sessile, flat and tumid at the
seeds, glabrous, tardily bivalved.— Tuss. FI. 4. t. 29.— Albizzia, Benth. Ac. speciosa, IF.
A. propinqua, Rich. : a pubescent form. — A tree ; leaflets l"-2" long ; corolla white, twice
as long as the calyx ; stamens long, yellow, greenish at the top ; legume 6"-12" long,’l"-2"
broad.— Hab. Naturalized in Jamaica!, List., Al. ; Antigua!, Wullschl., St. Vincent!,
Guild. ; Trinidad !, Cr. ; [Senegambia ! to Egypt I ; East Indies ! to Afghanistan I and
China !].

86. LYSILOMA, Benth.

Corolla 5-fid Stamens co-15, monadelphous : anthers cglandular, globose. Legume of
Mimosa. — Habit of Acacia.

240. L. Marchiana, Gr. («. sp.). Branchlets puberulous or glabrescent ; pinna 2-3-
jugal spreading : leaflets 20-12 -jugal, unequal-sided, oblong, bluntish, truncate at the base :
petiole eglandular: stipules minute, subulate, subspincsccnt ; flower-heads globose lori"--
pcdunclcd, axillary; stamens co , connected at the base; legume short, falcate, glabrous :

flSv ™ TiaCe0U8-rB?rk O !;l'sh; branches diffusc> leafy; leaves membranaceous,
lively-green, g abreseent: pinna 3"' distant from each other, from the base: leaflets 4'"

‘°2n , Jnfcnor pairs smaller : stipules 1"' long, somewhat pungent, but deciduous ;

peduncle subsol.tary, 2>r-I" long; flowers sessile, glabrous; corolla eampanulate, 2"' long
twice as long as the calyx ; stamens very numerous, 8"' long; legume 10'" long 3'" broad
semnmemate-ob.ong, blunt, pointed at the sessile base, 5-6-secdcd, flat-compressed : valves
continuous, separating from the cartilagiuous border.— Hab. Jamaica I, March, Wullschl.

2,24,

LEGUMINOSiE.

87. CALLTANJDRA, Benth.

(Zygia, P. Br., non E. Mey.)

Corolla 5-dentatc, rarely 5(-3)-fid. Stamens oo-lO, long-exsertcd, monadelphous.
Legume mostly compressed, 'thickened on the margin, usually at length elastically bivalved.
—Leaves bipinnate, Usually eglandular ; flowers in large heads or clusters : stamens pur-
ple or white.

Sect. 1. Pseud acacia. — Flowers sessile. Calyx membranaceous, not striate. Corolla a-fld.
Stamens 20-co , shortly connected at the base. — Leaflets small, many-jugal.

241. C. portoricensis, Benth.! Unarmed; hranchlets and petioles pubescent (or gla-
brate); pinnce 4-6(-2-8 )-jugal: leaflets 15-25 (-40 )-jugal, oblong-linear, bluntish gla-
bresceut ; flower-heads globose, usually fascicled ; stamens 20-25 ; legume straight, linear,
tapering at the base, glabrous: valves chartaceous. — Jacg. Ic.Rar.t. 633. Mimosa,./^.
Acacia," IP. A. ungulata, Besv. A. vespertina, Mac]'. ! A. litoralis, Rich. Cub. M. cara-
casana, Jacq. {/ .c . t. 632 ; Acacia, IP.), differs by purple stamens and the calyx glanduh-
ferous on the margins, but is according to Bentham the same species. A shrub, 10 mgn ,
leaflets 4'"-5'" long; flowers and stamens white; legume 3" long, 3 broad.-— Hab. Ja-
maica !, Mac/., Hartw., March, common in the mountains ; [Cuba and Mexico ! to \ ene-
zuela ! and Ecuador !]

Sect. 2. Eucaleiandea. — F/oivers usually sessile. Calyx striate. Corolla 5- dentate .

Stamens connected with a slender tube. Legume devoid of pulp.

§ 1. Stamens 20; tube slender, included within the corolla. Leaflets small, many-jugal.

242. C. Gruegerii, Or. (n. sp.). Unarmed; hranchlets and petioles lanuginose ; pinnce
4,-2, -jugal: leaflets 2D-4D-]ugal, falcate-linear, acuminate with a bluntish point, rigid,
ciliate, glabrescent : stipules persistent, oblong-lanceolate, striate; flower-heads gloiose,
subsessile, axillary, or in an interrupted spike ; corolla hirsute,

cent calyx ; stamens 20, connected to one-third ; legume . . -—Allied to C. dysantha,
Benth. . Branches leafy ; leaflets long : pmnm 3'" distant from each other. md ffrom

the base of the petiole : stipules rusty-scariose, 3 long ; corolla 3 long, 2 3 tunes ex-
ceeded by the purple stamens.— Hab. Trinidad !, Cr., at Chocachocacco.

§ 2. Stamens 10-15 : tube included within the corolla.— Leaflets small : stipules spiny,

or with a spine at their base.

243 C hsematomma, Benth. ! Branchlets armed with infrastipular spines, pubescent
or glabrescent ; pinnce l-jugal : leaflets 1^-jugal oblong, blunt, gJaW, subcdiate
flowers sessile in peduncled heads ; corolla thrice as long as the calyx ; stamens 10-15, con
nected at the base; legume straightish, linear, tapering at the base, viUous-pubescent : valves
coriaceous.— .DC. Leg. ^8--A tortuous s«-

2J" long, 3'" broad : seeds roundish, compressed, pendulous.

2 a. Corolla strigose-pubescent ; calyx 5-dentate.
a alabrata Corolla glabrous ; calyx 5-fid, spreading. _ • -p. •

Hab. Bahamas!, Swains, (a); Jamaica 1, March, IPils., m maritime woods, St. David

(/8) ; [Haiti !] .

§ 3. Stamens 10-20 : tubeslender, exserted.- Leaflets broad, few or l-jugal, shining above
244. C. purpurea, Benth. ! Unarmed, glabrescent; pmna> l-jugal:
elliptical-oblong or obovate Huntish ; cTvX^d?

Kitts l,01 Antigua 1, Nichols., Wullschl.; St. Vincent !, Anders.; [S. Cio.x , Unczuela 1,

G “ c tergemina, Benth. ! Unarmed, glabrous ; pinnce 1 -jugal : leaflets > 1* -jugal
(i.foneS‘the Serior p’air abortive), obliquely obovate-oblong, blunt ; flowers sessile in pe-

LEGUMINOSjE.

225-

dunclcd heads ; corolla slender, much longer than the minute calyx ; stamens 10 : tube
shortly exserted ; legume straightish, lanceolate-linear, stipitate, glabrous : valves charta-
ceous. Plum. Ed. Bunn. t. 10./. 1.— Mimosa, L. Inga, IF. — A shrub; leaflets &"-\2"\
peduncles 18'"-3'", corolla 4'", stamens 18"'-15'" long; legume 4"-8" long, 4"' broad:
stalk 1 " long. — Had. Dominica !, Imr. ; S. Lucia !, Anders. ; S. Vincent !, Guild. ; Triui-
dad !, Cr. (where it is perhaps not native).

Guildingii, Benth. ! Unarmed, glabrous ; pinnee \ -jugal : leaflets 3-2 jugal,
semi-elliptical, bluutish, inferior decrescent, rhomboid ; flowers sessile, in peduncled heads;
corolla slender, 3-2 times as long as the calyx ; stamens 10 : tube shortly exserted ; legume
curved, lanceolate-linear, long-tapering below : valves chartaceous, with very thick margins.

2 peduncles 2"-l", corolla 6"'-5'", purple stamens 2" long ; legume 5"-4"
long, 3 —2 broad. Hab. S. Vincent!, Guild.; introduced in Trinidad!, Lane.

§ 4. Stamens 20-40.— Leaflets broad, 8-10 -jugal.

247. C. comosa, Benth. Unarmed, glabrous; pinnee 3-2 jugal : leaflets 10-8 jugal,
oblong-trapeziform, broadly truncate at the base, oblique above ; flowers sessile, in peduncled,
corymbose heads ; legume curved, lanceolate-linear, compressed, stipitate, glabrous : valves
coriaceous.— Mimosa, Sic. ! Inga, W. Pithecolobium, Benth. — A shrub, 15'-20' high :
nmorn, Pfl{n;oo/oiil/m mictadenium, but devoid of petiolar glands; leaflets 5"'-6"' long,
2 f 3 J%°ad; cor°1Ia 5-3-fid, 3"' long ; legume 2"-2i" long, 3"' broad above, tapering below
into a b long stalk.— Hab. Jamaica !, Sw., rare on mountain rocks of the northern districts.

Sect. 3. Caulanthon.— Flowers sessile: heads fascicled, lateral. Corolla striated-dentate,
otamens 20 connected into a slender, exserted tube. Legume flat-compressed, not elas-
tically, and tardily dehiscent. — Leaflets large.

• 24,8'nP'..latifoliaU(?r- Unai-med, glabrous; pinnee 1 jugal : leaflets distant, 2*-U-
jugal, elliptical, pointed, oblique at the acute base, inferior alternate or solitary ; flower-
heads sessile or shortly peduncled on the branches of the foregoing year ; corolla tubular
much exceeding the minute calyx ; stamiual tube long-exserted ; legume slightly curved!
linear-oblong, rounded at the base, repand on the slightly thickened margin : valves cori-
aceous, glabrous — -BrJam. t22.f.3. Plum. Bd.Burm. t. 9.— Mimosa, L. Inga, IF. Pithe-
colobium, Benth. .— ' This is P. Browne’s Zygia, erroneously referred by De Candolle to an
Aii ican plant : but Caulanthon might as well be regarded as a distinct genus from the peculiar
dehiscence ot its legume.-A tree, 25' high ; leaflets 5"-2"long: an orbicular (or obsolete)
gland between the upper pair ; flowers crimson or rosy ; corolla 4'" long ; stamens about
L..1. connected to the middle; legume 5"-4" long, 10"'-8'" broad.— Hab Jamaica'
C- at’e^' °n the JankS °f the Wao'vater> S- Andrews ; S. Vincent !, Guild. ; Trinidad l’.

SCl,tlAMA *-~m,0wcjs Pedicellate. Calyx tomentose, not striate. Corolla Edentate.
pltilgdaTdulSlr ^ Le9ume filled with pulp. Leaflets broad:

IrltleU !?\;Saman' Ullarmcd ; branchlets velvety-pubescent; pinnee 4(-2-6 ) jugal,
2stnt bei~i h r ^ °r obovate-oblong, blunt, shining-glabrous abfve

W , , •, pell°le bcarino glands at the base and between the piume ; flower-clus-

i IP S-Pc<|imcled ; calyx shortly pedicellate, tomentose, subventricose, a little exceeding
alf the pubescent corolla ^stamens 20, shortly connected ; legume stoaight(or Sf

ante

88. ENTEROLOBIUM, Mart.

Legume broad, circiuatc, with the insertion in the middle of the

Flowers of Calliandra.

226

LEGUMINOSiE.

circle, compressed, tumid at the large seeds, coriaceous, indehiscent, pulpy, and with spurious
dissepiments within. — Unarmed trees; leaves bipinnate; flowers subsessile, greenish, in pe-
duncled heads.

250. E. cyclocarpum, Gr. Glabrous; pinnte 4-9-jugal : leaflets 20-30-jugal, un-
equal-sided, oblong, pointed, glaucescent beneath : petiole bearing glands between the lowest
and uppermost pimuc ; calyx puberulous, more than half as long as the corolla ; stamens co,
connected at the base ; legume repaud, forming a complete circle, the rounded top touch-
ing the rounded base. — Jacq. Fragm. t. 34. /. 1 : the legume. — Mimosa, Jacq. Inga, W.
Macf. ! Pithecolobium, Benth. — The legume of the continental C. Timbouva, Mart., forms
one-half or two-thirds of a circle, the basilar sinus being open. — A lofty tree ; leaflets 6' ,
peduncles long; flower-heads (the stamens excluded) 6'" diam. ; stamens white; legume
broad, with the basilar sinus closed (the whole fruit consequently 3"-4" diam.),
dark-brown, polished. — Hab. Jamaica!, Macf, M‘Nab, Pd., near Spanish Town ; [Vene-
zuela].

89. PITHECOLOBIUM, Mart.

Corolla 5(-6)-dentate. Stamens co, monadelphous. Legume cochleate, or spirally
twisted, bivalved.— Woody plants ; leaves bipinnate ; flowers in heads or spikes.

Sect. 1. Unguis-cati. — Legume cochleate, with the valves often at length twisted: seeds
semi-immersed into a fleshy arillus. — Petioles bearing glands between the pinnae.

251 P unguis-cati, Benth. Armed with minute, spinescent stipules (or unarmed),
glabrous ; 'pinna l-jugal : leaflets \-jugal, obliquely obovate, or oblong, blunt ; flowers
sessile, in peduncled, racemose heads; legume circinate, flat-compresscd, broadly linear,
glabrous, forming somewhat more than a single gyrus.— Plum. Ed. Burm. t. 4 ; Besc. tl. i.
t 11 —Mimosa, L. Inga, IF. J. guadalupensis, Desv. : the unarmed state. J. leucantha,
prl— A shrub, 10' high; leaflets valuable, 2"-l" long; flowers greenish-yellow, usually
puberulous , legume red, 4'"-5"' broad.

1 a Leaflets obovate or obovate-roundish ; stamens yellow or slightly purpurascent.

r forfex Kth. Leaflets oblong or oblong-lanceolate ; stamens rosy .—Klh. Mimos. t ib
Hab. Bahamas!, Swains; Jamaica!, Pd., common in thickets but said to be introduced
{Macf) ; Antigua !, TFullschl. ; S. Lucia !, Anders. ; S. Vincent !, Guild. ; lnnidad ., Ci . (0) ,
[Florida !, Venezuela !].

252 P. oblongum, Benth. Aimed with stipular spines, glabrous ; pinna: 1 .-jugal:

leaflets l-jugal, oval-oblong or obliquely oval, blunt ; flowers sessile in short, peduncled,
racemose ^spikes, puberulous; legume circinate flat-compressed, broadly-lmca^
glabrous, forming more than a single gyrus : valves at length twisted. Leaflets 2 1 1 c,

spikes lax, oblong, 4"'-6"' long; legume 4"' broad.— IIab. Trinidad!, Cr., at Chacacha-
carro; [Panama!, New Granada].

253 P. trapezifolium, Benth. I Unarmed ; branchlets and petioles rusty-pubescent,
or glabrate ; pinna 2-k-jugal : leaflets 2-8-jugal, rhomboid, shining above glabrate be-
neath ; flowers sessile, in peduncled heads or short sp^es rusty-pubcscent ; ^gume broad-
linear, glabrate, cochleate.”- Mimosa, V. Inga, ^-Leaflets, 1" long, 8'" broad, or the
inferior smaller. — Hab. Trinidad {Benth.) ; [Guiana !, Para.].

Sect. 2. Gybolobium .—Legume spirally twisted : seeds devoid of an arillus.— Unarmed
plants ; petioles bearing glands between the pinnae.

254. P. micradenmm, Benth.! Branchlets and petioles rusty-pubescent ; £-8-
juqal ■ leaflets 3-12 -jugal, rhomboid, glabrous or glabrescent beneath ; flow ers subsessile in
"long-peduncled heads or short spikes; legume flat-compressed glabidte, red
forming 3-5 contiguous windings.-T. Brongniartii, Wa Ip. -A large tree ; leaflets i -10
long, 3"'-5'" broad ; legume 6"' broad.-HAB. Jamaica 1, Al. ; Dominica I, Imr.; LGuadc-

loupe!, in mountain woods], .

255 P. filicifolimn, Benth. ! Branchlets and petioles rusty-pubescent ; pinna, 8-16-
• / . ieaiiets 20-30 -jugal, oblong -lanceolate or lanceolate, obliquely tapering into

Uuntish pS broadest ft the basef glabrescent ; flowers in long-peduncled heads; legume

LEGUMIN0S2E.

227

stibcylindrical, moniliform-linear, rusty-velvety, forming several distant windings. — SI. t.
182. y. 1, 2. — Mimosa, Lam. M. arborea, Sio. Acacia, W., Mac f. — A large tree, of which,
from the colour of the wood, a white and a red variety is distinguished in the country {March) ;
leaflets 3"'-4w long ; flowers whitish ; legume 8"-4" long, fl"'—!/" diam., red within : seeds
ovoid, black, 8'" long. — IIab. Jamaica !, At., Pd., List., March, common in mountain
woods; [Xalapa!].

90. INGA, IF., Mart.

Corolla tubular, 5-4(-2)-dentate. Stamens oo, monadelphous. Legume indehiscent or
irregularly bursting, thicldsh or enlarged on the margins, compressed or subprismatical :
seeds enclosed within pulp. — Unarmed, woody plants ; leaves pinnate, hearing usually
glands between the pairs : leaflets large ,- flowers in heads, umbels, spikes, or racemes.

Sect. 1. Ingastrum. — Legume compressed.

* Flowers in umbels.

256. I. heterophylla, IF. Glabrous ; leaflets Y-4s-jugal, elliptical or ovate-lanceolate,
abruptly acuminate, shining: petiole naked: glands small, cylindrical; umbels shortly pe-
duncled : pedicels as long as the glabrous flowers ; calyx minute ; staminal-tube long-ex -
serted ; legume glabrous, oblong, flat-compressed. — I. protracta, Stead. /—Leaflets l"-3"
long, black when dry; corolla 3'" long; legume 4" long, 1" broad; margins slightly
thickened. — Hab. Trinidad!, Or., in mountain woods; [Guiana!, Para!].

** Flowers in elongated spikes or spiciform racemes.

257. I. laurina, IF., Benth. ! Glabrous ; leaflets 2-1 -jugal, elliptical or elliptical-
oblong, with a bluntish point, shining : petiole naked: glands minute, scutellate ; flowers
spreading, in elongated, spiciform racemes : pedicels very short, shorter than the calyx ;
corolla glabrous, infundibuliform, four times as long as the calyx, equalling the staminal
tube ; legume glabrous, oblong, flat-compressed, somewhat tumid at the seeds. — Jacq. Amer.
Piet. t. 247.— Mimosa, Sw. M. fagifolia, Jacq. : erroneously quoted as I. marginata, IF. —
A large tree ; leaflets 4''-3" long, inferior smaller ; racemes 2"-3" long ; corolla white, 3'"
long; legume 3"-2" (-5") long, 10"'-12'" broad.— Hab. S. Kitts!, Antigua!, Wullschl. ;
Dominica !, Imr. ; S. Lucia !, Anders. ; Barbadoes (L.) ; [S. Thomas !, Guadeloupe !, in
moist woods].

258. I. martinicensis, Prl. Branchlets and peduncles rusty-puherulous ; leaflets
2-3-jugal, elliptical-oblong or oblong, bluntish, shining-glahrous or glabrate beneath : petiole
naked or margined below the top : glands minute, scutellate ; flowers suhsessile, iu elongated
spikes ; corolla slrigose, twice as long as the puberulous calyx, including the staminal tube ;
legume . . . . — Mimosa coruscans, Sieb. Mart. 324 ; Trin. 120.— Nearly allied to the pre-
ceding. My description refers to Imray’s plant. The synonyms and other localities want
confirmation by new comparison. Leaflets 5"-2" long, narrower than in the preceding,
black when dry ; spikes l"-2", corolla 3'" long.— Hab. Dominica !, Imr. ; Trinidad I, Lockli.,
Sieb.; [Martinique!; Veraguas !, Venezuela],

*** Flowers in compact, ovate spikes.

259. I. setifera , DC., Benth. I Busty -puberulous, scabrous; leaflets 2-jugal, elliptical,
pointlcted, often shining, and at length glabrate with scattered hairs: petiole 'wing ed .- glands
large, scutellate ; flowers sessile, in short, ovate-oblong spikes ; bracts linear, deciduous ;
corolla slrigose, twice as long as the puberulous, striate calyx, including the staminal tube ;

legume flat-compressed, glabrate : margins prominent.”— I. versicolor, Spruce ! I nitida
IF., is perhaps the glabrate form.— Leaflets 6"-3" long, inferior smaller : primary veins about
12-jugal, prommulous beneath ; spikes 4"'-6"' long ; corolla yellow, 6'" long.— Hab. Tri-
nidad !, Cr. ; [Guiana, equatorial Brazil !].

260. I. acuminata, Benth. ! Glabrous; leaflets 2-3-jugal, elliptical-lanceolate, acu-
minate: petiole winged : glands minute, scutellate ; flowers sessile, in ovate-globose heads :
tracts linear, persistent ; corolla slrigose, twice or half as long again as the striate, gla-
bresccnt calyx, including the staminal tube;, legume . . . .—Leaflets 5"-2" long, narrower
than in the preceding; flowers approximate ; corolla G'" long.— Hab. Trinidad!, Lockh.

Q 2

228

CONNARACEiE.

Of Willd enow’s species, 1. punctata and splendens are to bo compared with 7. martini-
censis, Prl. ; I. quassiifolia with I. acuminata ; but I. alba, W.} of Guiana, is a very distinct
species, having compact spikes, a naked petiole, and a small glabrous corolla, twice or thrice
exceeded by the staminal tube. Its synonyms are Mimosa alba, Sw. !, and I. Bourgoni, DC.,
Beuth. !

Sect. 2. Euinga. — Legume 4-cos tale -(quadrangular or subcylindrical.

2fil. I. vera, TV. Scabrous with minute down, or glabrescent ; leaflets 4— 5-jugal, ellip-
tical-lanceolate,. shortly acuminate : petiole winged : glands scutellate ; flowers in short,
few-flowered spikes, sessile, or the inferior shortly pedicellate : pedicels much shorter than
the calyx ; corolla sericeous-lanuginose, half as long again as the tomeutose not striate
calyx, including the staminal tube; legume tomentose, 4-costat,e, subfalcate. — SI. t. 183. /.
1 ; Here. Ft. 5. t. 316. — Mimosa Inga, L. ( ex cit. Sid). — A tree; leaflets 4"— 2" loug; pe-
duncles rusty-pubescent, calyx 4"'-6"', corolla 6"'-8'" long, white; legume 6" long, 6"'-12'"
diam. Hab. Jamaica!, all coll., common on river-banks in the eastern districts ; Trinidad !,
Cr., common.

262. I. ingoiaes, TV. Scabrous with minute down, or glabrescent ; leaflets 4-3-jugal,
elliptical or elliptical-lanceolate, pointed : petiole winged : glands scutellate ; flowers in short,
few-flowered racemes: pedicels as long as the calyx ; corolla sericeous-lanuginose, twice as
long as the tomentose, campanulate, not striate calyx, including the staminal tube ; legume
tomentose, 4-costate, falcate. — A tree ; leaflets 4"— 2" long ; peduncles rusty-tomentose ;
calyx 2'"— 3'", corolla 5"'-6"'long; legume 4"-6" long. — Hab, Jamaica {Benth.) ; Domi-
nica!, [>nr., S. Vincent!, Guild.; [Guiana!].

LXIV. CONNARACEiE.

Character of Leguminosce, but carpels 1-5, distinct, and ovules atropous, rarely hemiana-
tropous.

The seeds ai-e oily, and the arillus in some species of Rourea is eatable.

1. CONNARUS, L.

Calyx imbricative. Petals 5. Stamens 10, alternately unequal, united at the base.
Carpel single : ovules 2, collateral, ascending, atropous. Legume stipitate, follicular : seed
exalbumiuous, arillate : radicle superior. — Woody plants; leaves impari-pinnate ; racemes
or spikes compound.

1. C. guianensis, Lamb. Branchlets and panicles rusty-puberulous ; leaflets '2, , el-
liptical-oblong, pointleted, bluntish at the top, acute at the base, glabrous : veins prominulous
beneath; panicles axillary, exceeding the petiole: flowers pedicellate, petals oblong, twice as
long as the calyx, equalling the longer stamens ; follicle ovoid, longitudinally striate, puberu-
lous, at length glabrate, shortly and abruptly stipitate, with a deciduous, terminal mucro :
stalk included within the calyx. — C. africanus, Mey. Esseq. I ( non Lam.). Omphalobium
Lambertii, DC. — A tree; leaflets 5"-3" long, petiolulate : prominent veins 6-8 on each
side of the midrib ; pedicels 2m—V", follicle 8"', its stalk l1" long. — Hab. S. Vincent!,
Guild.; Trinidad!, Cr.; [Guiana!].

2. C. grandifolius, Planch. ! Branchlets and panicles rusty-tomentose ; leaflets 3-5,
oval or oval-oblong, blunt, rounded at the base, glabrous : veins prominulous beneath ; pa-
uicles large, terminal and axillary : flowers subsessile : petals oblong, twice as long as the
rusty-pubescent calyx ; follicle . . . . — A high, scandent shrub ; leaflets 6"-5" long, rusty
beneath, petiolulate : primary veins 10-12 on each side of the midrib. — IIab. Dominica !,
Imr. ; [Guadeloupe !, in moist woods],

2. ROUREA, Aubl.

Character of Connarus, but carpels 5, 4 of which are usually abortive, and follicle sessile.

3. R. glabra, Klh. Glabrous or glabrescent; leaflets 5-3 (7-1), oblong, with a blunt-
ish point, rounded at the base: veins delicate, prominulous on both sides; compound racemes
equalling the leaves : pedicels slender, nearly as long as the flowers ; petals oblong, twice as
long as the calyx ; follicle spathulate-oblong, glabrous, 3-4 times as loug as the calyx. — Con-

CHRYS0BALANE2E.

229

narus, DC. R. oblondfolia, Hook. Am. ! R. paucifoliolata, Planck. ! — A shrub, somewhat
twining; leaflets 4"-2" pedicels 3 "'-2'", follicle 6"'-8'" long.— Hab. Jamaica!, Mac/., Diet.,
March; S. Lucia!, Anders.; [Acapulco!, Panama!, Venezuela, Ecuador!].

4. R. frutescens, Aubl. Branclilets and panicles rusty-pubescent ; leaflets 7-9, lan-
ceolate-oblong or oblong, glabrous above, puberulous or pubescent beneath : veins slightly
prominulous on both sides ; panicles axillary, contracted, exceeded by the leaves : pedicels
thickish, as tony as the tomentose calyx ; petals oblong, twice as long as the calyx; follicle
oval-oblong, tomentose, at length incurved. — Aubl. t. 187. — A. scaudent shrub; leaflets
3 -1 ', pedicels 1'" loug. The Trinidad specimen, which is in flower, has the leaflets pube-
rulous beneath, pointed, and tapering towards the base ; the Panama plant, from which the
description of the fruit is taken, has the leaflets rounded at the base, either pointed or blunt,
densely pubescent beneath.— Hab. Trinidad !, Cr. ; [Panama!, Guiana],

LXY. CHRYSOBALANEiE.

Stamens perigynous. Carpel mostly solitary, free : style suprabasilar : ovules 2, collateral,
basilar, anatropous. Fruit drupaceous. Seeds exalbuminous. — Woody plants ; leaves simple
entire , stipulate. ’

The drupes, though astringent, and the oily seeds, are in some cases eatable. Thus a con-
seive is prepared from the Cocoa-plum ( Chrysobalanus ), while its leaves and roots are used
as astringents. The bark of Hirtella silicea is so rich in silex, that it is employed by
the Indians in making pottery (Cr.). Licania hypoleuca affords timber (Hois Diable in
Dominica).

1. CHRYSOBALANUS, L.

Calyx campanulate, 5-fid. Petals 5. Stamens unilateral, about 20 fertile. Gynophore
very short, adnate to the calyx-tube. Pericarp crustaceous-fleshy, at length dry and splitting
into valves. Leaves coriaceous , glabrous ; cymes corymbiform .

1. C. Icaco, L. Leaves oval or oval-roundish, rounded or bluntish at the base ; cymes
Millary, pubescent, exceeded by the leaves; stamens villous; drupe oval. — Jacq. Amer.

. !4L7A shn;b> \2 blSb; flowers white; drupe obtusely costate, size of a plum
variable in colour, and fleshy or dry. — Hab. Bahamas ! ; Jamaica !, March ; S. Kitts ! Do-
minica ., S. \ lucent !, Guild. ; Trinidad !, Pd. ; [Venezuela !, Brazil ! ; trop. Africa !]. ’

2 C. pellocarpus, Mey. ! Leaves obovate or obovate-roundish, pointed or bluntish at
the base; cymes axillary, pubescent, exceeded by the leaves; stamens villous; drupe obo-
vate, pointed at the base.—Br. Jam. t. 17. /. 1, 2.-C. Icaco, p, DC.- A shrub, 6' limb ■
drupt-s rather acutely costate, smaller than in the preceding, 8'" long : pericarp thin — IiIb’

[Gufana i] ’ ' “ ^ lV°°ds; S‘ Vincent l, Guild. /Trinidad luckh'cr.';

2. HIRTELLA, L.

the^caRxhS- Fp<ah 3' T'lateral= iong-exserted, 3-8. Gynophore adnate to

the calyx-tube. / encarp ot Chrysobalanus.— Racemes simple or with cymose branches.

brons”l‘,t"Cem°Sa’ Lam' ■ LefVe8 ?bl(mg 0r obl°ng-lauceolate, acuminate, slightly sca-
be tul nfp ! ; TaCCmT M,7 ’ eglandular, puberulous : W* minute, subulate /calyx-
tube turbnate : lobes ovate; stamens 5-3 (-6); drupe spathulate-oblong, glabrous —A ubl

eaves'and TannTh’ /7T’ ^ <*** J^)~^ free, variable !n the down, the

“,e? ’ ”nd. ,tbc nYrab.e,r fcrtllc stamens ; flowers pale-blue, long-pedicellate. — H ab S Vin-
cent Guild. ; Inuidad !, Cr. ; [Honduras 1 to Ecuador !, Guiana ! to Brazil !].

scabrous' 1feavcs, ohiong, acuminate, minutely cordate at the base,

t«’hh iSI>ld °,n tbe ™drib beneath; racemes simple, hispid : pedicels bi-
buS^rt fC: lZCtS hn*aJ-filif°rn ; calyx-tube campanulate : lobes ovate.
Atm br2k, I1 X H g’ S'abroj18- Crimper’ s Canto (Pol. Zeit. 15. p. 281).-

cbnrt^’ l I)uUolcs hirsute with short bristles; leaves 8"-6" loug, 2 A "-1" broad

itTSS, ,nTdi Vd',J' b'nc,"a • F#* l”-2” hie : racemes 1„, p^Sdcd, T- 6»
oug, pale-rusty with dense spreading bristles: pedicels 3"', bracts 2"'-!'" long: glands

230

CHRYSOBALANE2E.

stipitate ; flowers 4"' diam. ; drupes 8"' long, abruptly contracted at the base. — IIaB. Trini-
dad 1, Cr., at Tocuche, S. Anns.

5. H. triandra, Sw. Leaves oblong, pointleted, slightly scabrous, glabrescent ; racemes
compound, eglandular, pubescent : branches racemuliform : bracts subulate ; calyx-tube tur-
binate : lobes ovate ; fertile stamens 3 ; drupe obovate-oblong, villous. — Jacq. Amer. Fict.
t. 11. — II. americana, L. partim, Jacq. H. paniculata, Lam. ( non Sto.). — A small tree ;
flowers white, as long as the pedicels. — Hab. Jamaica l, Macf., Al., WHs., uucommon in
mountain woods ; Dominical, lmr. ; Trinidad!, Lockh., Or.; [Cuba! to Brazil!].

6. H. paniculata, Sic., Met/.! Leaves elliptical-oblong or oblong, inncronate or
bluutish, slightly scabrous, shining above, hairy on the nerves beneath ; racemes compound,
eglandular, hispid: branches sub-3-flowered, as long as the ovate-lanceolate bracts; calyx-
tube obliquely campanolate : lobes elliptical ; stamens 5-6 : “drupe obovate, pubescent.”
Vahl, St/mb. t. 31. — H. hirsuta, Lam. H. bracteosa, Steud. ! — A shrub ; bracts and brac-
teoles persistent; filaments purple. — Hab. S. Vincent!, Guild.; Trinidad !, Pd., Lockh.,
Cr., in savannahs ; [Guiana !].

7. H. pendula, Sol. “Leaves oblong-lanceolate, acuminate, cordate at the base, sca-
brous-pubescent beneath ; racemes compound, rasty-tomentose : special cymes divaricate :
bracts minute ; calyx-tube globose ; stamens 5-3.” — Hab. S. Lucia {Ztic car.).

3. LICANIA, Aubl.

(Moquilea, Aubl., non Mart. Zucc.)

Calyx 5-4-fid or 5-4-dentate. Petals 5-0. Stamens 3-co . Ovary sessile, inserted
into the base of the calyx-tube. Pericarp drupaceous.— Blower- clusters racemose or pani-
culate.

Sect. 1. Eulicania-

Petals 0. Stamens unilateral.

-Calyx ovate-globose, 5- dentate .

included, fertile 3-5.

8. L. liypoleuca, Benth. Leaves ovate, cuspidate, glabrous, white beneath (the ribs
excepted) ; llower -clusters peduncled, in a divaricate, pubescent panicle : flowers shortly
pedicellate; calyx subglobose ; stamens 3 (-2-4) ; drupe obovate-oblong tomeutose. BoL
Sulvh. t. 32 : the panicle laxer than in our specimens.— A tree ; leaves 6 -4 , petioles A
6"' long; panicle 2"-4" diam. : peduncles 2'”-3'" long ; pedicels 2-5, alternate 2 ,lol]S;
calyx 1'" diam. ; drupe 6'" long :— Hab. Dominica !, Imr. Trinidad I, Pd., Cr., in the
mountains of S. Anns; [Veraguas, Panama].

Sect. 2. Moquilea. — Calyx 5 -fid. Petals 5. Stamens in a complete whorl, fertile co-15.

9. Ii. pyrifolia, Gr. {n. sp.). Leaves roundish-elliptical or elliptical, mucronate, long-
petioled” shining-glabrous above, glabrate beneath; racemes compound, in a spreading,
white-pubescent panicle: flowers fascicled or solitary, as long as their pedicel ; calyx wbite-
tomentose subglobose, as long as the clawed petals ; fertile stamens co with the style
shortly exserted. — M oquiletc sp . , H. Bot. Trim. Cr.! ( Bot . Zeit. 1 5. p. 303.)— -Allied to L.
leucoseyala , Gr, of Guadeloupe, distinguished by broader and smaller leaves, long petioles,
and a larger number of fertile stamens.— A tree ; branchlets and panicles whitish-pubescent
leaves coriaceous 2V'-2" long, li" broad, shortly contracted at the base, polished above,
meX- ™"u beneath, at length concolor : petiole 6'" long, slightly 2-g andular ; panic e
6'' £1,4/' broad: branches horizontal, distant; calyx 2"' diam. ; petal-hmb orbicularas
long as the claw ; stamens 20-30, mostly fertile; ovary and interior side of the calyx densely
lanuginose.— Hab. Trinidad 1, Pd.

4. PARINARI, Aubl.

Calvx 5-fid. Petals 5 (-4). Stamens !-<*>■. their insertion-line furnished with long,
•ii.,, reversed hairs. Ovary 2-celled, with a spurious, longitudinal dissepiment: gynophorc
adnate to the calyx-tube. Drupe dry, 2-ccllcd : ceUs 1 -seeded. -Trees; leaves penmnerved,
veiny beneath ; flowers cymose : cymes often racemose-paniculate.

n0 p campestre, Aubl. Leaves ovate, shortly acuminate, cordate at the base, rugulosc
and giabratc above, wbite-tomentose and strongly veined beneath : petiole very short, eglan-

R0SACE2E.

231

dular, much exceeded by the ovate-lanceolate stipules ; cymes corymbiform ; “ fertile stamens
7-8, unilateral, and as many sterile ones on the opposite side;” drupe ovoid, contracted at
the base, glabrous (1 5"' long). — Audi. t. 206. — Leaves 2"— 1-j" long, 15'"-8"' broad; sti-
pules foliaceous, 6"' long, or louger, deciduous; drupe-cells filled with wool. — Hab. Trini-
dad!, Pd., Cr., at Arima; [Guiana],

LXVI. ROSACEA.

Stamens perigynous. Cartels distinct : ovules sutural, anatropous. Seeds exalbuminous.
— Leaves stipulate.

The amygdalin of the kernels and the bark in the West Indian Pruni is employed to im-
pregnate liquors with a flavour of hydrocyanic acid. The fruits of the Jamaica Rubi are
eaten. Prunus occidentalis is an excellent timber-tree.

1. PRUNUS, L.

Calyx 5 (-4) -fid. Petals 5 (-1). Stamens oo-10. Carpid 1: ovules 2, collateral.
Prupe 1-seeded : putamen smooth.- Trees or shrubs ; leaves in the JVest Indian species
evergreen, glabrous, quite entire, conduplicate in bud, and flowers racemose.

1. P. occidentalis, Sw. Leaves oblong or ovate-oblong, rounded at the base, blunt-
ish : two glandtilar spots at the base itself beneath ; racemes lateral ; stamens co -20 ;
drwpe ovoid, slightly apiculate, purple.— Cerasus, Lois.— A. high tree ; leaves 6"-4" long,
2i"-2" broad ; racemes puberulous or glabrous ; drupe 10'" long, 6'" broad.— Hab. Jamai-
ca !, Macfl, Pd., Marsh, common in woods ; S. Vincent !, Guild. ; Trinidad !, Pd. • [Cuba '
Panama !].

2. P. pleuradenia, Gr. Leaves elliptical or elliptical-oblong, apiculate, acute, at the
base, shining above : two glandular spots juxtamarginal beneath, a little distant from the
base; racemesaxillary; stamens 20 ; “drupe globose, truncate at the top, nearly black.”
—Bot.Mag.t. 3141.— Cerasus sphaerocarpa, Hook, {non Lois). Prunus, Schlecht. {non
Sw.) C. refiexa, Gardn- Leaves 4"~3" long, 2"-l*» broad: glands 1|'" distant from
then- base; drupe 6 " (liam. ’— Hab. Dominica!, Imr., S. Vincent !, Guild.; Trinidad !,
Pd.; [Haiti; Brazil!].

3. P. sphaerocarpa, Sw. Leaves elliptical or elliptical-oblong, with a bluntish point,
rounded at the base, shmmg above, eglandular ; racemes axillary ; stamens 10-20- drupe
globose, submucronate, purpl e.—Catesb. Carol. 2. t. 94. SI. t. 193./; 1 —Cerasus’ Lois ■
Celastrus myrtifolius jamaicensis, L.—A low tree; leaves 3J"-2i" lone- 2"-l"’ broad ■
drupes 4 diam.-flAB. Bahamas (Catesb); Jamaica!, Macfl, Pd., AL, March, common
m the lower mountains ; [Haiti; Brazil!].

2*. ROSA, L.

Calyx-tube at length baccate, including numerous achenia. Petals 5. Stamens co .

4*. R. laevigata, Mich. Glabrous ; prickles falcate ; leaflets 3 (-5), coriaceous, shining
above with simple serraturcs : stipules Unear-setaceous, shortly adnate; flowers solitary®

; Ca^X-tube, ovat+c’ ml‘ncate> with setaceous prickles: lobes entire; disc
thickish ; carpids sessile : styles distinct.— Redout. Ros. 2. t. 39. Lindl Ros t 16 17 —

R.smica, Ait. R mvea, DC. R. hystrix, Lindl.— Mowers large, white.— Hab. ’ Natu-
rahzed in Jamaica!, At., Wullschl .; [introduced from China and Japan].

3. RUBUS, L.

Call* p5;Pa5tCV P,eiak, (5' StamTens 00 ■ CarPids co -several, drupaceous, separating from

S “j! 1 nCal torus— Leavcs m ihe Wesi Indian species palmate .- leaflets penni-

ticH Shrubby, trailing; prickles recurved; leaflets 5-3, cllip-

tical-obloug, pointed, pubescent above, hoary -tomentose beneath, unequally serrate: pri-

232

MYRTACEA5.

mary veins approximate : petiole long, with the under side of the midrib prickly ; racemes
compound, villous ; petals obovate, as long as the calyx-segments ; fruit ovoid-rouiulish,
twice as large as the appressed calyx: drupes numerous, deciduous, devoid of bloom. — SI. t.
213./. 1. — R. ferrugineus, Wickstr.? — Fruit 4"' diam., purple. — Hab. Jamaica!, Fd.,Al.,
March, Wullschl., common iu the mountains.

6. R. alpinus, Mac/. Shrubby, trailing, glabrescent ; prickles recurved ; leaflets 3,
elliptical, poiutleted, concolor-glabrous, unequally and sharply serrate : primary veins ap-
proximate : petioles long, with the under side of the midrib prickly ; pedicels long, fascicled,
in compound racemes ; calyx pubescent, appressed, half as long as the ovate, rounded fruit ;
drupes numerous, deciduous, devoid of bloom. — The unequal, spreading, approximate leafiet-
serratures distinguish this species at once from the similar R.fagifolius, Chain. Schlecht., of
Mexico. Fruit 3'" long, 2%'" broad, dark-purple. — Hab. Jamaica!, Mac/., Pd., in the Blue
Mountains, above 3000'.

4*. FRAGARIA, L.

Calyx biserial, 10-fid. Petals 5. Stamens co . Achenia co , adnate to the baccate torus.
— Herbs ; leaves 3 -foliolate.

7*. F. vesca, L. Petioles pilose ; peduncles pubescent ; calyx spreading from the fruit;
aehenia superficial on the conical or hemispherical torus. — Hab. Naturalized in the Blue
Mountains of Jamaica!, Al. ; [introduced from Europe].

LXVII. MTRTACEiE.

Stamens inserted into the valvate calyx, mostly indefinite. Ovary inferior, compound,
paracarpous in the beginning, at length usually plurilocular : ovules co : style simple.
Seeds usually few, mostly exalbuminous. — Leaves simple, entire, mostly exstipulate, with
marginal nerves, or juxtamarginal vein-arches. Stems shrubby or arboreous in the West

Indian species. ,, . ,

The Myrtacece abound in fragrant, volatile oils : hence the leaves are usually pellucid-
dotted. The flower-buds of Garyophyllus (or cloves), and the unripe berries of Pimento,
(Pimento-pepper, or all-spice), are renowned spices, the former of the East, the latter ot the
West Indies. The fruits of Psidium (Guava), Jambosa (Rose-apple), and Syzygium (Jam-
holin), are eatable. The astringent bark of Punica is an anthelmintic drug. Timber-trees
are Myrcia ferruginea, Eugenia ceruginea and coffeifolia, Psidium montanum. A species
of Lecythis, affording timber, is stated to grow in Trinidad, but has not been sent.

Tribe I. MTRTE2E. — Stamens mostly co , distinct. Pericarp baccate. — Leaves opposite

(rarely whorled), quite entire.

1. CALYPTRANTLIES, Sic.

Calyx closed, circumscissile about the middle, at the insertion-line, and much above the
ovary Petals 0 (or 2-5, abortive). Berry 1 -few-seeded.. Testa cartilaginous. Cotyle-
dons thickish-foliaceous, corrugate or contortuplicate : radicle nearly as long, l exe .
Flowers cymose, clustered, or single.

* Branchlets cylindrical.

1 C. Chytraculia, Sic./ BrancMets rusty-villous or glabrate, cylindrical; leaves
elliptical or elliptical-oblong, with a bluntish point, glabrous or glabrate, pellucid- dotted :
veins running into arches ; cymes rusty -lomentose, compound, divaricate, peduncled, nearly
as high as broad, 5(-3)-chotomous, interruptedly and shortly spicate at the end of the
branches: flowers sessile, ternatc ; calyx obovate, macron ate, lomentose; petals 0 ; berry
globose .-Br.Jam.fl. 37-/ 2: analyt.- Myrtus, A-A 12 bghj vari-

able, 3)"“1 2

jam* O' u|. / • . ll/tuiyv. ITJJ 11/UQj w '

: calyx 1)"' long. — IIab. Jamaica !, Macf., Al., Wits., March, common in

limestone-districts; [Cuba!]. ..

2. C. Syzygium, Sw.l Branchlets glabrous, cylindrical; leaves elliptical, bluntish,

MYRTACE2E.

233

glabrous, with minute pellucid dots, or at length opaque: veins delicate, running into arches;
cymes glabrous, peduncled, once to thrice 3-fid: flowers pedicellate , single ; calyx ovoid,
mucronate, glabrous ; petals 0; “berry subglobose.” — Br. Jam. t. 7./'. 2. — Myrtus, L.
C. rigida, Macf.l (non Sw). — A shrub; leaves calyx 2'" long; cymes usually

shorter than the leaves, a little exserted in Swartz’s specimens : the pedicels, being 2"'-3'"
long, give an excellent character. — Hab. Jamaica!, Sw., Al., on limestone, from the sea-
shore to the interior districts ; [Haiti].

3. C. sericea, Gr. (n. sp.). Branchlets pubescent, cylindrical ; leaves oblong-lanceo-
late, acuminate, protracted into a narrow bluntish point, shining-glabrous above, sericeous
beneath, obsoletely pellucid-dotted, at length opaque : veins approximate, delicate, joined
near the margin ; cymes rusty-sericeous, fascicled, subsessile or shortly peduncled, simple,
reduced to bracteolate clusters, equalling or shortly exceeding the petiole ; calyx ovoid-sub-
globose, obsoletely mucronulate, rusty-pubescent ,- petals 0 ; berry globose.- — A tree, afford-
ing lvalking-sticks (called Bebasse : Or.): branchlets sericeous ; leaves 6” — 3 long, lf-1"
broad : down ferrugineous or hoary, persistent : petiole 3'" long ; bracteoles linear-oblong ;
calyx f'" long; berry 3'" diam., 1-seeded. — Hab. Dominica!, Imr.; Trinidad !, Or., Savo-
netta woods.

** Branchlets 2-edged, bearing interpetiolar points.

4. C. pallens, Gr. Branchlets glabrous, slightly 2-edged, with an interpetiolar point ;
leaves elliptical or elliptical-lanceolate, pointleted, bluntish at the top, sericeous beneath, (or
at length glabrate,) nearly devoid of pellucid dots : veins delicate, joined near the margin ;
cymes rusty-sericeous, compound, spreading, trichotomous, nearly as high as broad, pedun-
cled : flowers sessile, ternate ; calyx obovoid-globose, rounded at the blunt top, sericeous ;
petals 0; berry globose. — C. Chytraculia, 5 grandiflora, Berg. — A shrub; leaves 2%"-\\,\
calyx 1'" long. — Hab. Jamaica !, AL, near Kingston ; [Cuba !, Guadeloupe !].

5. C. rigida, Sic. Glabrous; branchlets 2-edged, bearing an interpetiolar point; leavesovate-
lanceolate, blunt, subacute at the petioled base, opaque : veins inconspicuous ; pedicels 3 (-1),
as long as the flower, spreading on the top of a lateral, usually elongated peduncle; calyx
subglobose, minutely mucronate ; petals 0 ; berry “ subglobose.” — A low tree ; 12'-15' high :
branchlets dichotomous; leaves 10" — 12"' long, 5'"— 4'" broad, rigid-chartaceous : petiole 1'"
long; peduncles opposite, inserted 1'" above the axils, 8"' (-2"') long ; calyx 1'" diam.— Hab.
Jamaica (Sw.), on the highest peaks, Catherine Hill, S. Andrews; [Cuba!].

6. C. Wilsoni, Gr. (n. sp). Glabrous; branchlets flat-2-edged, with longitudinal
wings, bearing an interpetiolar point , leaves elliptical, bluntish, acute at the subsessile, or
shortly petioled base, pellucid-dotted : veins inconspicuous ; pedicels hair-shaped, much
longer than the flower, geminate or solitary in the axils ; calyx ellipsoidal-linear, acuminate ;
petals 0; berry . . . . — Allied to C. uniflora. Spring, which is said to have opaque leaves and
c0«fe?mbra<itS-Tw,,S,ma11 U'CC; Ieaves 16"'-10'" long, 87 '-5"' broad, chartaceous ; pedicels
b, x , ’ calyx y. lonS’ the latter scarcely \m diam.— Hab. Jamaica!, Wils., Eastern peak
of John Crow Hill, near Bath, at 3000' alt., very rare.

. L- Bussaceana, Berg (C. rigida, Tuss. FI. 3. t. 26), stated to growinthe hills of Jamaica
is unknown to me. From its rough figure it would exhibit the large leaves and clustered
llowcrs of C. Chytraculia, the simple cymes of C. Syzigyum, and the calyx of C. pallens.

2. MARLIERIA, Canib.

Calyx closed, bursting above into irregular lobes. Petals 0-5. Ovary 2-3-celled ■ cells
cymose Cr°WUecl with the laccrate calyx-limb. Embryo of Calyptranthes.— Flowers

7. M elliptica, Gr. (n. sp.). Branchlets rusty-tomentose ; leaves elliptical, bluntly
poin eled, opaque, shining-glabrous above, rusty-pubescent and tomentose on the midrib
tenealh : principal veins prominulous beneath, costate, joined near the margin by a con-
tinuous arch ; cymes peduncled, rusty-tomentose, trichotomous, one-third as long as the
leaves : flowers clustered, sessile ; calyx ovoid, villous-tomentose : lobes 2-4, one larger ;
petals 0 ; berry globose, glabrate.— Leaves rigid, 4"-6" long, 2"-3" broad : petiole 3"'-4'"
long ; calyx 1 J long ; ovary 2-ccllcd : cells 2-ovulatc : berry “ fragrant,” 3"' diam., 1-2-
secUcd: cotyledons coutortuplicate.— IIab. Trinidad!, Cr., al S. Anus.

234

MYRTACE2E.

3. MYRCIA, DC.

Calyx 5(-4)-lobed. Petals 5 (-2). Ovary 2-4-celled : cells 2-ovulate. Berry and em-
bryo of Calyptranthes. — Cymes usually exserted.

Sect. 1. Aulomyrcia. — Calyx-tube produced beyond the ovary. Berry concave at the

margined top.

8. M. coriacea, DC. Branchlets rusty-pubescent or glabrescent; leaves leathery, obo-
vate or oval, blunt or emarginate, glabrous, shortly petioled, usually opaque, with impressed
dots, and shining above: veins joined near the revolute margin or inconspicuous; peduncles
in the uppermost axils, simple, 9-3 (-1) -flowered : pedicels spreading : the central flower
pedicellate or subsessile ; calyx 5-lobed : lobes rounded, sericeous inside ; ovary 3-celled ;
berry globose, 3-6-seeded.— Plum. Ed. Bttrm. i. 208./. 2. — A shrub, resembling

and Pimenta acris, with which latter it was confounded by Swartz, though habitually dis-
tinguished by ahort petioles, obsoletely veined leaves, and simple inflorescence. Leaves l"-2£"
long, or uppermost smaller : petiole L,II—2II> long ; flowers diam. ; berry Q"1 diam. ;

cotyledons thickish, much eontortuplicate.

a. Swartziana. Branchlets and peduncles densely pubescent ; leaves opaque ; peduncles
subsolitary, 3(-l)-flowered, exceeded by the leaves.— Dew. FI. 2. t. 105- -Myrtus coriacea,
Sio. !: the original specimen has a 5-lobed calyx, but a specimen of Pimenta acris £ is added
in his herbarium. Aulomyrcia, Berg. M. cotinifolia, Poir.

/3. Jacqidniana. Branchlets glabresceut ; leaves opaque: petiole 1"' long; peduncles
glabrous, approximate, 3— 7-flowered, exceeding the leaves. Jacq. Coll. 2. t. 5 ./. 1. Eu-
genia paniculata, Jacq. Aulomyrcia Jacquiniana, Berg. _

y. Imrayana. Branchlets adpressed-puberulous ; leaves at length furnished with scattered,
pellucid dots ; peduncles glabrous, scattered, 9-5 -flowered, nearly as long as the leaves, with
the corymbiform cyme exserted. .

Hab. Antigua!, Nichols., Wullsclil. (a, 0) ; Dominica!, Imr. (a, y) ; S. Lucia; [Haiti!,

Martinique].

9. M. multiflora, DC. Branchlets glabrescent ; leaves chartaceous, ovate-lanceolate,
bluntish, "glabrous, petioled, pellucid-dotted : veins joined near the margin, reticulated, pro-
minulous on both sides ; panicles trichotomous, lax, exserted : flowers pedicellate or the
central ones sessile ; calyx sericeous below, 5-lobed : lobes orbicular, sericeous inside ;
2-celled; berry “ globose.” — Eugenia, Rich. Aulomyrcia, Berg. — A shrub; leaves 1 -2
long ; flowers 2W diam. — Hab. Trinidad!, Cr., at S. Anns; [Guiana].

Sect. 2. Eumyrcia. — Calyx-tube nearly as long as the ovary. Berry flat at the top

within the persistent margin.

* Leaves reticulated-veiny .

10 M splendens, DC. Branchlets pubescent ; leaves chartaceous, ovate-lanceolate
or ovate protracted into a narrow, bluntish point, glabrous, shining above, pellucid- dotted :
veins joined near the margin, reticulated, prominulous on both sides ; panicles trichotomous,
pubescent : flowers pedicellate or the central ones sessile ; calyx hoary-sericeous be low, 5-
fobed- lobes rounded; ovary 2-celled; berry globose.— Jacq. Coll. 2. t. 4. Myitus, Sw.
Eugenia periplocifolia, Jacq. M. sororia, DC. ! : a form with a long leaf-point Berg dis-
tinguishes his M. splendens by oblong or obovate berries, but Forsstrom s West Indian spec
mens, agreeing with Swartz’s Myrtus splendens, have exactly globose berries. A low tree
or shrub 12'-15' high, very variable in the leaves and as usually in their veins, 2 A long,

’broad; flowers 3"'-4"' diam.; berries red, 4"' diam. —Hab. Jamaica I, Wright ;
Dominica !, Imr., S. Lucia; Trinidad !, Sieb. Trin. Ill, Lockh., Cr.; [Haiti, Portonco !,
French islands !, Sieb. Mart. 138 ; New Granada !, Guiana !, Brazil U-

11 XVI. divaricata, DC. Branches glabrescent; leaves leathery, elliptical-lanceolate
or elliptical-oblong, pointleted, with a narrow, bluntish point, glabrous, sinning above pel-
lucid-dotted (or at length opaque) : veins joined near the margin, reticulated, piomiuidous
on both sides ; panicles trichotomous, glabrescent ; flowers pedicellate or the central ones
Lss le calyx sericeous below, 5-lobcd : lobes rounded ; ovary 2-celled ; berry ovoid-oblong.
-Plum. Ed. Barm. t. 208./. 1 ; Kth. Nov. Gen. t. 545.-Eugema, Lam. E. pauicuhe-

MYRTACE7E.

235

flora, Steud. ! M. Kegeliana, Berg ! M. Bcrberis, DC., Berg I {in PI. Kegel.). Myrtus
polyantha, Kth. — A tree or shrub ; leaves usually 4"-2s" long, V'-l V' broad ; flowers 3"'
diam. ; berries dark-blue, 5"'-4"' long, 3 '"-2"' broad. — Hab. Dominica!, Imr. ; [Haiti,
Martinique ; Guiana I, New Granada !, Brazil !].

** Principal leaf-veins costate , impressed above , prominent beneath : under surface

minutely areolate.

12. M. ferruginea, BO. Brancblets rusty-tomentose ; leaves rigid, leathery, elliptical,
elliptical-lanceolate, or elliptical-oblong, pointleted, usually with a very narrow point,
shining-glabrous above, glabrate and rusty-tomentose on the midrib and the costate primary
veins beneath , pellucid-dotted (or at length nearly opaque): veins joined by a juxtamarginal
arch, tertiary ones immersed and forming a very minute network ; panicles rusty-tomentose,
tricliotomous, from the uppermost axils : flowers clustered, subsessile ; calyx rusty-tomentose,
5-lobed: lobes orbicular ; ovary 2-celled; berry “globose.” — Eugenia, Poir. E. deflexa,
Poir. E. pamculata, Sieb. ! Mart. 137. M. deflexa, DC. M. Humboldtiana, DC.: a large-
leaved form. — A large tree; leaves very variable, usually 3|"-2" long, sometimes 10"-12"
long : the costate veins immersed above, prominent beneath, 20-24 on each side of the mid-
rib, alternating with more delicate ones ; flowers 4"' diam. — Hab. Dominica !, Imr. ; Tri-
nidad !, Cr. ; [Haiti, Martinique!; Venezuela, Guiana].

4*. CARYOPHYLLUS, L.

Calyx-tube cylindrical, filled with tissue below : limb 4-partite. Petals 4, coherent, de-
ciduous. Ovary 2-celled : cells multiovulate. Berry 1 (-2) -seeded. Cotyledons semiovoid,
sinuose, peltate, including partly the elongated, straight radicle.— Flowers cymose.

13*. C. aromaticus, L. Leaves leathery, elliptical-oblong, glabrous, shining above,
long-petioled ; cymes terminal, trichotomous : pedicels short, thickened. — Besc. FI. 8. t. 566.
—A low tree.— Hab. Naturalized in S. Vincent !, Guild. ; [Martinique !, Sieb. Mart. 136 ;
introduced from the East Indian islands].

5*. SYZYGIUM, G.

Calyx-tube turbinate, exceeding the ovary : limb repand or truncate. Petals 4-5, co-
herent-deciduous. Ovary 2-celled: cells multiovulate. Berry 1-few-seeded. Cotyledons
semiglobose, distinct, peltate : radicle short, concealed by them. — Flowers cymose.

14*. S. Jambolanum, DC. Glabrous; leaves leathery, oval or ohovate-oblong, long-
petioled, devoid of pellucid dots ; cymes lateral, trichotomous : flowers clustered ; calvx-limb
truncate.— A tree; leaves 4"-3" long, rounded at the top in the West Indian form : petiole
10"'-6"' long.— Hab. Naturalized in Jamaica!, Al.; Antigua !, Wullschl.; Trinidad: [intro-
duced from the East Indies] .

6*. JAMBOSA, Ilumph.

Calyx-tube turbinate, filled with tissue below : limb 4 (-8) -partite. Petals perio-ynous
much exceeded by the stamens. Ovary 2-3-celled : cells multiovulate. Berry and embryo
of Eugenia. — Trees ; inflorescence centripetal : flowers large.

15*. J. malaccensis, BC. Glabrous; leaves oblong, lanceolate-oblong, or obovate-
oblong, petioled : veins distant, with the sinuate arch distant from the margin • corymbs
lateral ; berry turbmate.-Tuss. FI 3. t 25.— Eugenia, L. J. purpurascens, BC.-Le aves
6 long ; flowers purple ; stamens 8"'-10'" long, thrice as long as the petals ; berries crimson,
3 long, and as broad at the top.— Hab. Naturalized in Jamaica !, AL, Trinidad ; [introduced
from the East Indies].

16 . J. vulgaris, BC. Glabrous ; leaves lanceolate, acuminate, petioled : principal
veins distant, costate, joined by a subcontinuous arch ; corymbs terminal, few-flowered ;
berry globose.— Besc. FI. 5. t. 315.— Eugenia Jambos, L.— Leaves 8"-6" long; flowers
white ; stamens 1* long, thrice as long as the petals ; berries usually about 1$" diam— Hab.

A lira i7,c in Jamaica !, Al., March, and in all the Caribbean Islands, e.g. Antigua!,
Wullschl. ; [introduced from the East Indies]. b

236

MYRTACE/E.

7. EUGENIA, Mich.

Calyx 4(-5)-lobed. Petals 4 (-5). Ovary 2— 3-celled : cells mulli-2-ovulate. Berry

1-few-seeded. Testa usually membrauaceous. Embryo globose or ovoid, usually undivided :
radicle short. — Inflorescence centripetal, axillary.

Sect. 1 . Eugeniastuum. — Ovary nearly as tony as the calyx-lube : cells usually

multiovulate.

* Pedicels short, solitary in the axils.

17- E. alpina, W. Branehlets pubescent ; leaves 3-4-2 in the wlwrl, small, leathery,
ovate, blunt or bluntish, opaque, with impressed dots above, early glabrate : veins incon-
spicuous, midrib impressed above ; flowers single, shortly pedicellate ; berry ovoid. — Myrtus,
Sw. ! — -A low tree, 6— 20' high ; leaves 4W, petiole f'-l1", pedicels l"1, berry 4"/ long. —
IIab. Jamaica !, Sw., Pd., Al., on the highest summits of the Blue Mountains.

** Flowers glomerate, shortly pedicellate or sessile : the interior pedicels usually in a
minute raceme, the exterior fascicled, or all flowers sessile.

18. E. buxifolia, IF. Branehlets puberulous ; leaves chartaceous, at length leathery,
small, cuneate-elliptical, blunt, pellucid-dotted, glabrous : veins slightly prominulous beneath,
with the continuous arch somewhat distant from the margin ; clusters puberulous : pedicels
twice as long as the short petiole ; berry globose. — Myrtus, Sw. M. crenulata, Sw. I : a
form with the leaves slightly crenulate above. — A shrub ; leaves 8nl—2n, petiole 1 '"-f" long ;
flowers 3"', berries 1^"' diam.- — Hab. Jamaica !, March, in the lowlands , [Cuba !, S. Tho-
mas !, Guadeloupe !].

19. E. Poiretii, DC. Branehlets puberulous ; leaves chartaceous, elliptical-lanceolate
or ovate-laneeolate, tapering into a bluntish point, pellucid-dotted, glabrous : veins slightly
prominulous beneath, with a double, flexuose arch-, clusters puberulous: pedicels twice as
long as the short petiole ; berry globose. — -Myrtus axillaris. Pair. — Leaves 2"-l", petiole

long; hemes If" diam. — ILab. Trinidad!, Cr. ; [Haiti, S. Thomas].

20. E. monticola, DC. Branehlets glabrous (rarely puberulous) ; leaves leathery,
cuneate-elliptical, bluut, opaque, glabrous : veins nearly inconspicuous above, slightly pro-
minulous beneath, with the arch nearly continuous, and distant from the margin; clusters
glabrous (rarely puberulous) : pedicels as long as or exceeded by the petiole, the interior
racemulose ; berry globose. — Myrtus, Sw. ! E. axillaris and fcetida, ex Antigua, Berg !

A shrub, intermediate between E. buxifolia and E. axillaris ; leaves black when dry,
2"-l", petiole 2"'-3"' long; flowers 3"', berries 2"'-H'" diam.— Hab. Bahamas!; Ja-
maica!, all coll., in the mountains, chiefly in the Coffee region; Antigua!, Wullscht.;
[Cuba!, Guadeloupe!].

21. E. axillaris, Pair. Branehlets glabrous ; leaves leathery, elliptical (or elliptical-
lanceolate), bluntish at the base, pointleted with a short, blunt point, opaque, rarely pellu-
cid-dotted, glabrous : veins slightly prominulous, in a lax network and with a flexuose
arch ; clusters glabrous : pedicels shorter than the petiole, most of them fascicled ; berry
globose. — Myrtus, Sw. l—E. baruensis, Jacq. (Io. Rar. t. 486), gives a good idea of this
species and of the inflorescence, racemulose or fascicled in the same branch ; heuce it may be
either a puberulous form of the same, or an allied species, intermediate between it and If.
procera. A low tree or shrub ; leaves 3f-2", petiole 3'" long; flowers 4'"-5'", berries 4 —
2f" diam. — IIab. Jamaica !, all coll., in the mountains.

22. E. lateriflora, W. Glabrous ; leaves chartaceous, at length leathery, cuneate-oval
or obovate-ohlong, rounded at the top, opaque or obsoletely pellucid-dotted : veins slightly
prominulous, with the arch flexuose and distant from the margin ; pedicels crowded, usually
as long as the calyx-tube ; berry globose. — E. buxifolia, Macf. {non IF.). A shrub ; leaves
2"-l", petiole f" long; flowers 2"', berries 2"' diam.— Hab. Jamaica!, Macf, March,
common in the mountains ; [Cuba !, S. Croix].

23. E. sessiliflora, DC. Glabrous; leaves chartaceous, at length leathery, oval,
bluntish or rounded at the base, rounded at the top, cartilaginous on the margiu, early
opaque : veius slightly prominulous beneath, often iuconspicuous, with the arch flexuose and

MYRTACEiE.

237

distant from the margin ; flowers sessile, crowded; berry . . . . — Myrtus, Spreng. M. cor-
data, Sw. ! : a form with subcordate leaves. — A shrub; leaves 1 .V"-l" long, subsessile ;
flowers 2"' diam.— Hab. Antigua!, Wull-schl. ; [Haiti, S. Thomas, S. Croix !].

*** Flowers racemose or corymbose ( rarely accompanied with single flowers).

24. E. obtusata, il . Branchlets pubcrulous ; leaves membranaceous, at length char-
taceous, cun eat e-elliptical or elliptical-lanceolate, blunt or bluntly pointleted, pellucid-dotted,
glab rate : veins delicate, with a flexuose arch distant from the margin ; racemes sessile,
single, pubescent, 3-2 times shorter than the leaf (or reduced into a short corymb) : pedicels
filiform, spreading, 2-3 times longer than the petiole; berry . . . .—Similar to E.inundata,
J,C. Pj. Sprucean., which differs by longer pedicels.— Leaves l"-2", petiole 1 rhachis
/ -2 , pedicels 2,n long , flowers 2>'n diam. — Hab. Jamaica : introduced to Hort. Kew. ! :
Dominica !, Imr.

~/0- E. disticha, JJC. Branchlets sericeous ; leaves chartaceous, elliptical-oblong or
oblong-lanceolate, rounded at the base, cuspidate, rarely blunt, pellucid- dotted, glabrate :
principal veins costate, slightly prominulous, with a juxtamarginal, continuous arch ; co-
rymbs Jascicled, sessile, much exceeded by the leaf : pedicels usually 2-3 times longer than
the petiole ; berry ovoid.— Bot. Mag. t. 867.— Myrtus, Sw. ! E. virgata, Macf. — A mon-
strosity, with the pedicels partly solitary by the rhachis growing out into a leaf-branch, agrees

TnJ? *■ 45 • f- A shnlb 5 leaves 2"-3", petiole 2"'-3"', rhachis

10 -1 ", pedicels 3 long ; flowers white, 6"'-5'" diam. ; berries 3"' long, 2'" broad
crowned with the persistent, spreading, roundish calyx-lobes. — PIab. Jamaica L all coll, in
the northern and eastern districts.

26. E. pallens, DC. {ex herb. Blcs.). Branchlets glabrescent ; leaves chartaceous
ovate or ovate-lanceolate, bluntish at both ends or tapering above into a bluutish point re-
pand or crenulate, pellucid-dotted, glabrous : veins slightly prominulous beneath, with a
flexuose arch ; corymbs fascicled, pubescent, usually peduncled and half as long as the leaf
rarely shorter and sessile : pedicels as long as or twice as long as the petiole ; petals red •

Myrtus, V. E. dumosa, Macf. E. crenata, Berg l— A low tree or shrub,
Km o/,/h!gh’ l,e®ullar by As pmlr flowers (Wi/s.) ■ leaves petiole 2"'-3'", pedicels

5 - long; flowers 4'" diam.; berries red, 4"'-3"' diam. Leaf-crenatures occur also
though more rarely, in E. disticha, virgultosa, and others.— Hab. Jamaica 1, all coll in the
mountains; [French islands !]. ’

27. E. virgultosa, DC. Branchlets glabrescent; leaves leathery (or the younger ones

rnwT'n’ [afcefh)te or lanceolate-linear (rarely ovate-lanceolate), acuminate, with the
point usually bluntish pellucid-dotted, early opaque, glabrous, shining above : midrib im-
pressed above: veins delicate, with a flexuose arch ; racemes (or corymbs) single mbescent
iisuaHy sessde, of variable length : pedicels longer than the petiole; berry globose!— Myrtus’
£«>./ E. lancea , Fair. E. acutiloba, DC., Macf.-E. biflora, DC. {Myrtus, L ) from
P. Browne s figure (Jam. t. 25. f. 3), is perhaps also this species with a reduced inflorescence
-A low tree 15'-6' high, leaves 2*"-l*" long, 5"'-8'" (-12"') broad: i.ctiole 2'"-3'" ra-'
cemes 2 4 , pedicels 3"'-4"' ; flowers 3'" diam. — Hab. Jamaica !, Sw., Pd Macf in the

higher mountains ; [Cuba !, Virgin Islands], ’ m the

hWUW trinita‘i*» Dcg Glabrous; leaves leatheiy, ovate-lanceolate or lanceolate
.•^\°J’aqUC' 8hjmn8 above -veins slightly prominulous, with a flexuose arch; racemes
sabsef lon9 as the leaves: pedicels cemuous, as long as or

!!(■ low \ globose.— Myrtus dioica, Sieb.l Trin. 94.— Leaves 2"-l"

petiole 2 , pedicels 2 -1 long ; berries 3"' diam. — Hab. Trinidad !, Sieb.

fl 2?i 1F\frUS”lea' D0‘ Arlioreous ; branchlets sericeous ; leaves chartaceous at length

eSiptical'0blong' P°iutlcted or bluntish, pellucid-dotted
llt/hla glabrate beneath, shining above : principal veins costate, slightly prominulous

S leafr SsTn^li SlHgle\ Ped?ncled> rusty-sericeous, 2-4 times shorter than

smooth- c,ll f J f Palrs> ncarIy as lonS as petiole : hr actuates roundish; ovary
27™ Bcrn m rfrL t R 5 ieTi ^^ng.- Myrtus, Forsyth.- Allied to k ami
F V.// //k / Braav,18- J* which is said to have many-ovulatc ovnry cells and to

p'-li" bVoa^eBnt’ Q»/r|' !’ whif bas a s,acatc ova|-y- A large tree ; leaves 3"-4" long,
t broad, petiole 3 long; rhachis (with the peduncle) 2"-l" long: pedicels 3 '"-2^"

238

MYRTACE2E.

long : the pairs as much distant ; flowers 4"'-5'" diam. ; berries 6"'-8"' long, 4'" broad
above. — Hab. Jamaica; Dominica !, Imr. ; [Cuba!].

30. E. Greg-ii, DC. Branchlets rusty-pubescent ; leaves cbartaceous, at length flexible-
leathery, 'elliptical or elliptical-oblong , bluntish, pellucid-dotted, shining-glabrous above,
glabrate beneath : principal veins costate, prominulous on both sides, with a Jlexuose arch ;
racemes geminate or single, corymbiform , rusty -pubescent, subsessile, much exceeded by the
leaf- inferior pedicels as long as the petiole, superior shorter: bracteoles pointed ; berry
oblong. — Gcertn. Fr. t. 33 : the fruit.— Myrtus, Sw. ! E. Sieberiana, DC. (exdescr.). E.
chrysophylloides, Macf. ! ( non DC.). Greggia aromatica, 6. — A shrub, 10 -15 high ; leaves
5"-3" long, 2"-li" broad: petiole 5"'-3'" long ; racemes long: inferior pedicels

jonV superior gradually shorter; flowers 6'" diam., uppermost often subsessile;
berries (immature) 4"' long, 2"' broad. — Hab. Jamaica !, Al. ; Dominica !, Sw. ; Trinidad
(ex syn. Sieb.) ; [Cuba !].

**** pedicels fascicled, axillary.

31 E. procera, Poir. Branchlets puberulous ; leaves chartaceous, at length leathery,
ovate, with a bluntish point, pellucid-dotted, or at length opaque, glabrous : veins slightly
prominulous, with a flexuose arch ; fascicles 2-6-flowered : pedicels glabrescent, much ^ex-
ceeding the petiole, 2-4 times exceeded by the leaf ; anthers ovoid ; berry globose, (2
diam.).- Myrtus, Sw. ! E. baruensis, Cir. PI. Carib. (non Jacq.).- A tree, or shrub ; leaves
l"-2", petiole 1'", pedicels 3"'-6'" long; flowers Is" diam.— Hab. Jamaica., IFils. ,
Antigua !, Nichols. ; [Haiti !, French islands !].

32 E Pseudopsidium, Jacq. Glabrous ; leaves leathery, elliptical-oblong or oblong,

with a bluntish point, pellucid-dotted, green on both sides: veins prommiflous, reticulated
on both sides, with a flexuose arch ; fascicles many- 2(-l)-flowered l: pedicels twice or more
exceeding the petiole ; anthers subglobose; berry globose, (6'"-8 flwni). Jacq. An er.
Piet t.U. Mem. Geneve, 9. t. 21.-E. psidioides, DC ,- E. Patrisi.DC.is probably a
form of the same.— A tree or shrub ; leaves 4"-2 , petiole 3 -2 , pedicels 4 6(12)

long; berries red. — Hab. Dominical, Imr.; [Portoneo, French islands].

qo E calvcolpoides, Gr. Branchlets slightly puberulous, glabrescent ; leaves char-
taceous lanceolate-oblong or elliptical-oblong, pointleted with a bluntish point, glabrous,
pellucid- dotted^ at length opaque': veins slightly prominulous, with « /^osearch,
which is distant from the margin; fascicles 2-4-flowered : pedicels slender, 2-3 times ex-
ceeded by the leaf; anthers oblong ; berry ovoid-globose- E. Mini, Mey. .(non Aubf
E Patrisii Mig ! (in PI. Kegel., non DC.). E. psidioides, Jot ■ (non DC.). Leaies
broad ; petiole 1"'-1V", pedicels 10" -8"' long ; flowers 5"'-6
diam. ; berried 6"' long, 4"' broad.-HAB. Trinidad !, Gr., at Ariina ; Guiana I]

o, E cinemariensis, Aubl. Glabrous: leaves chartaceous, oblong, with a biuut-
ish noint’ densely pellucid-dotted : veins prominulous, with the principal arch regularly
tex^Man^orn the margin; fascicles 3-6-flowered : V**^™*£*.

Gr., perhaps only naturalized; [Guiana].

o5 E Lambertiana, DC. Glabrous ; leaves chartaceous, elliptical-oblong, or ovate-

flowers 5"', berries 6'" diam.-IJAB. S. Vincent (DC.) ; [Guadeloupe 1, Panama !].

E Marchiana Gr. (n. sp.). Glabrous ; leaves leathery, oval-oblong or oblong,

20-6(-2)-floWCTed : pedicels exceeded by the petiole : bracteoles united at Hie ba e, neai fl

MYRTACEiE.

239

flowers P>'"-&"', berries 4"'diam. — Hab. Jamaica !, Pd., March , in woods, Manchester; speci-
mens collected in S. Vincent !, Anders ., and in Trinidad must be compared with E. lati-
folia, Aubl.

***** Flowers precocious : pedicels slender, single or approximate, furnished at the base
with an elongated bract, and bibracteolate below the top.

37. E. lig-ustrina, IF. Branchlets puberulous, glabrescent ; leaves chartaceous, lanceo-
late-oblong, bluntish, glabrous, shining above, pale beneath, pellucid-dotted, at length opaque :
veins simple, with the arch subcontinuons, distant from the margin ; pedicels 2—4 times as
long as the bract ; calyx-lobes oblong -lanceolate, bluntish ; berry globose, smooth. — Myrtus
Sw. Stenocalyx, Berg!— A low shrub; leaves 2"-l", petiole 2"'-3"' pedicels 1£"-1"
long; flowers e"7, berries 3"'-4"' diam.— Hab. Bahamas!, Jamaica!, Wullschl. ; Antigua !,
huchols Wullschl Dominica!, hnr., S. Vincent!, Guild. ; Trinidad!, Loc/ch., Sieb.,
Trin. 145 ; [Cuba !, French islands !, Guiana !, Brazil !].

38. E. uniflora, L. Glabrous ; leaves membranaceous, at length chartaceous, ovate-
lanceolate bluntish, green on both sides, pellucid-dotted, at length opaque: veins reticu-
lated, with the principal arch deeply sinuate ; pedicels much longer than the bract • calyx-
lobes linear-oblong, bluntish ; berry globose, longitudinally furrowed.- — Bot. Mag. t 473
— E. Michelu, Lam. Plinia rubra and pedunculata, L. Stenocalyx Michelii, Berg —A low

ir///’ ’ fCU Cl^atfd f°r , eatable berries; leaves 2 -li", petiole 2"', pedicels

18 -8 "long; flowers 6", berries 4'" d,am.-HAB. Bahamas!, Jamaica !, March, in the
mountams of Port Royal; Antigua!, Nichols., Wullschl., Dominica !, Imr., S. Vincent,
Guild. ; Tnnidad !, Lockh. ; [Guiana !, Brazil !, naturalized in the East Indies !].

Sect. 2. Mybciaria. Ovary exceeded by the calyx-tube-, cells 2-ovulate.

dnlinfl co.ffeif°liai IJC- Glabrous ; leaves chartaceous, oblong, pointleted, pellucid-
^he arrh £ leDgth TTV Pn°ctPal vans subcostate, slightly prominulous beneath, with

e arch fleruose and distant from the margin ; flowers clustered, sessile, often lateral •
om%/?i°bOSe'fl Myrclana ramiflora, Berg, ex descr . — A small tree; leaves petiole

40. E. floribunda, IFest. Branchlets puberulous; leaves chartaceous, lanceolate
or ovate lanceolate, acuminate, pellucid-dotted, glabrous: veins nearly simple, delicate with
a juxtamarginal, subcontmuous arch ; flowers clustered, subsessile ; berry — Mvrci
ana, Berg. M. protracta, Berg /—Leaves 2"-l" long, 5"'-9'" broad- netiole V"' \

flowers 2"' diam.-HAB. Jamaica \, M‘Nab ; [S. Croix !, GuLa !] P °ng;

Certain Eugenia, described from specimens collected in the British West Indies remain
doubtful : viz. from Jamaica, E. filiformis and Wallenii, Macf., and several of Bern's
species, of which I omit all those which I have not seen, as in every case where I had tbp

speciesUmt^ °f C°mparmg 1x13 authentic specimens, they proved to be old West Indian

nuts woody. Embryo of

8. AULACOCARPUS, Berg.

Calyx 5(-4)-lobed. Petals 5 (-4). Berry 5-2(-l)-pyi-enous :

Eugenia. Leaves nearly veinless; inflorescence of Eugenia.

and Bern— ilbrab ’72/.* 2|" %uml both Bentham

cell,.,] a 0 , °0a,1>4 lnKh> crowned with a 5-part, te calyx-limb usually 2-

ccllcd, 2-seeded. Hab. Antigua!, Wullschl.; [Guadeloupe!, in woods oFthe lo wlSs].

240

MYRTACE/E.

9. ANAMOMIS, Gr.

Calyx 4-5-lobed. Petals 4-5. Ovary 2-4-cclled, as long as the calyx-tube : cells multi-
ovulate. Berry 1-few-seeded. Testa membranaceous. Embryo annular : cotyledons dis-
tinct, large, incurved-obovate, flat, fleshy : radicle basilar, incurved and approaching the top
of the cotyledons. — Inflorescence cymose (rarely reduced to single pedicels) : central flower
sessile, 2 lateral ones pedicellate, inserted into the axils of the bracteoles.

This genus in habit resembles Myrcia coriacea and Pinienta acris, in both of which,
however, the calyx-tube exceeds the ovary. From Eugenia it is easily distinguished by its
centrifugal inflorescence, and approaches Myrcianthes, the embryo of which is differently
described. A third Anamomis is Eugenia esculenta, Berg, a large tree, observed in Haiti
by Schomburgk.

42. A. fragrans, Gr. Early glabrate ; leaves leathery, oval-roundish or obovate,
emarginate at the rounded or obtusate top, shining above, black-dotted, beneath, cartila-
ginous on the margin : pellucid dots early disappearing : veins delicate, distant ; peduncles
nearly as long as the leaves, puberulous ; bracteoles shorter than the sericeous calyx-tube;
calyx-limb 4-partite ; berry globose.— Myrtus, Siv. Eugenia, IF— A small tree, or shrub
very variable in the leaves, their glands impressed or prommulous on the upper side, and
chiefly in the inflorescence, the cymes being either simple, 3 (-1) -flowered, or long-exserted,
with repeated, dichotomous ramifications, and the single 3-flowered cymes expanded or con-

a. Leaves oval-roundish, shortly petioled, rounded at the base; bracteoles linear .—Eugenia
rotundifolia, Macf. : a form with 3-1-flowered, contracted cymes, and crenulate leaves
Leaves H"-2" long, V'~W broad : petiole V" long ; ultimate pedicels in the expanded

form 3"'-6'" long ; flowers 4"', berries 3'" diam. , , , ,

0. cuneata. Leaves obovate or oval, shortly cuneate at the petioled base ; bracteoles
lanceolate; peduncles usually simple.-Engema emargmata Macfi ; E d.chotoma and
bracteata, Macf. .'-Leaves H*-2" long, 8"'-15'" broad : petiole 1 -2 long.

Hab. Jamaica !, Pd., Al., March, in the mountains.

43 A . punctata, Gr. Branchlets pubescent ; leaves chartaceous at length leathery
elliptical bluntish, cuneate at the base, black-dotted beneath, glabrate pellucid-dotted at
length opaque : veins delicate, distant ; peduncles nearly as long as the leaves, pnbescent,
3-7-flowered ; bracteoles linear, as long as ^ pubescent calyx-tube, ^da°u^ calyx-
limb 5-4-partite; berry globose,-^. Mag. t. 1241.— Eugenia, V., Mjrcia, DC., M.
BalbisianaP DC. : a form with a contracted cyme. Eug. fragraus, Bot. Mag. {non JV.).
E dichotoma DC. : the common form, with the lateral pedicels exceeding the centia
flower^— Nearly allied to the preceding, but the leaves less rigid and less shining, not so
much variable in the leaves and the inflorescence: the embryo is the same in both.— Leaves
2"-li" long 1" broad: petiole 2"'-3'", lateral pedicels in the expanded foim 2 3 long ,

flowers 4'", berries 3'" diam.-HAB. Antigua!, Wullschl. ; [Haiti !, French islands !].

10. PIMENTA, Lindl.

Calvx 4-5-lobed : tube turbinate. Petals 4-5. Ovary 2-celled : ceUs 2- or several-ovu-
late J Drupe 1-2-seeded. Testa membranaceous. Embryo spirally mvolute, or ‘"flcxed :
radicle elongated : cotyledons short.— Trees ; leaves leathery, black-dotted beneath long-
petioled ; cymes terminal or axillary, Dichotomous, many -flowered : flowers pedicellate,
the central ones subsessile.

4,4 V vulcaris, IF. A. Branchlets compressed-snbtetragonal, glabrate ; leaves oblong,
long as the ovary; drupe globose; embryo spn-aUy mvo\ut^-Sl. ^.19 / 1-^

y ■ '6» 5*” f.,» ,*1.

the female organs less developed. — Hab. Jamaica!, all coll., common, chiefly on limestone ;

tto »ly.4«be pw th.

MYRTACEjE.

241

is perhaps not specifically distinct: this would answer to Tim. Ft. 4. t. 12 (exclns.f 1-11),
in which, however, there are 5 petals, as also in Desc. FI. 3. t. 215.

45. P. Pimento, Or. Glabrous ; hranchlcts compressed-subtetragonal ; leaves obovate,
rounded at the top : veins obsolete above, slightly prominulous and reticulated beneath ;
cymes short, much exceeded by the leaves; calyx h-lobed : tube nearly as long as the
ovary; drupe ovate-oblong; embryo indexed. — Arnomis, Berg. — Leaves 3" long, 6'" broad,
revoiute on the margin : petiole 3"'-5m long ; drupes 5"' long. S'" broad. — Hab. Jamaica !,
Al., at Moneague; [Antigua, Guiana],

46. P. acris, IF. A. Glabrous ; branchlets compressed-subtetragonal or tetraquetrous ;
leaves oval or obovate-roundish, shiuing above : veins reticulated, prominulous above,
slightly prominulous beneath; cymes lax, equalling or exceeding the leaves; calyx a-Iobed :

• ^u*)c produced beyond the ovary ; drupe ovoid ; embryo inflexed. — Myrtus, Sw. Myrcia,
DC. Leaves 2"-3 " long, broad, convex above, with scattered pellucid dots, at length

opaque : petiole 2"'-3"' long ; drupes 6"'-4'" long, 3"'-2'" broad.

a. Branchlets compressed-subtetragonal; leaves usually oval. — Bot. Mag. t. 3153. —
Arnomis acris, Berg.

$. pimentoides . Branchlets tetraquetrous : the angles decurring from the margins of
the petiole; leaves obovate. — Tuss. Ft. 4. t. 12./’. 1.— 11, — Myrcia pimentoides, DC. Amo-
mis, Berg.

Hab. Jamaica (Sw., Maef.), in dry hills ; Antigua!, Wullschl. (/3) ; Dominica !, Imr. (a) ;
S. Vincent !, Guild, (a, (3) ; Barbadoes ; Trinidad ; [Haiti !, Portorico !, Martinique, Guade-
loupe!, Venezuela; naturalized in the East Indies!].

11. CALYCOLPUS, Berg.

Calyx 5-lobed : lobes spreading in the bud, separated by a rounded sinus. Petals 5.
Anthers oblong-linear, erect. Ovary as long as the calyx-tube, 5-4-celled : cells multi-
ovulate. Berry several-seeded. Testa hard. Embryo annular : radicle elongated : cotyle-
dons very short. Pedicels fascicled or single: flowers large.

. f ^■. °valHolius, Berg. Glabrous ; branchlets snbcylindrical ; leaves leathery,
elliptical-oblong or elliptical, apiculate with a bluntish point, or bhmtish, shining above
opaque : veins m a lax network, slightly prominulous beneath ; pedicels ternate (or 4-2),
4 times exceeded by the leaf ; calyx-lobes ovate-oblong, as long as the tube.—k\\\u\ to C.
ealophyllus (Myrtus, Kth), which has shorter calyx-lobes.— Leaves 6"-3" long, discolor :
petiole 2 -1" long; pedicels 1*"-1", calyx-lobes 2"'-3"', petals 8"'-10"' long ; flowers

Maraccas ^ ’ bemeS clePressecl"Slobose. 5"' diam.— Hab. Trinidad!, Cr., at Arima,

12. PSIDIUM, L.

Calyx closed m the bud or minutely 4-5-dentate, at length bursting into lobes. Petals
f- Ymry 5-2(-7)-celled : cells multiovulate. Berry many-seeded. Testa hard. Embn/o
ot Latycolpus. Peduncles l-few-flowered, rarely many-flowered: flowers large.

or tni, r*‘ |G7lava> Radt' , Branchlets tetragonal, pubescent; leaves chartaceous, oblong
,tlCill-°bl0nr,blUn f (rarel7 lanfieolate> P°inted). puberulous beneath : primary veins
tbfS lll0Tient be,neat^’ ~dary transvei-8e; pedimcles 1 (-3) -flowered ; calyx closed in

’I 7 ^TT r?eSC- FL 72-P’ P°mife™>> L-> globose, aid P. pyri-
torme, h., with obovate berries.— A low tree ; flowers 1" diam.

a Leaves oblong or elliptical-oblong, bluntish at the base (3"-4" long, 15'"— 21'" broad)
fV" broad)!-P. °P lanCeokte-°bl01^ P°intcd at both ends (2" long,'

TrAnhlnj ;Ja™aica'> ^ c.olL> ve'/ common ; 0 at S. Mary’s !, M'Nab ; Caribbean Islands ! ;

MeX,C0lt0 Brazil!; uaturalizcd in aU ^’opicul countries to

(Ii:u't-icmlisPr/!'T,C/ari/Um’ ' Branchlets compressed-cylindrical, pubescent ; leaves
bcurnlh 'Pi i \ 1 M r°r pubcrulous beneath : 'primary veins costate , prominent

’ oudary reticulated and transverse; peduncles usually 3-flowcred; calyx closed in .

242

MYRTACEiE.

the bud ; anthers oblong. — Lamb, in Linn. Transact. 11. t. 17- — Leaves 5"-4" long, 2i"-2”
broad; flowers 1" diam.— Hab. Trinidad {Lamb.) ; [Guiana!, Brazil].

50. P. montanum, Sto. Branchlets tetragonal , glabrescent ; leaves chartaceous, el-
liptical or elliptical-lanceolate, glabrous ; veins slightly prominulous beneath ; peduncles
1-3 -flowered ; calyx closed in the bud ; anthers shortly oblong. — Lesc. FI. 5. t. 364.— 1.
aromaticran, Lesc. {non Aubl). — A high tree; leaves 3"-2£" long, 1£"-1'' broad ; “°w“8
1" diam. ; berry globose, 4'"-5"' diam. — Hab. Jamaica I, Mac/., M'Nab, Wils., Wullschl.,
in mountain woods, S. Mary’s, Eairfield.

51. P. cordatum, Sims. Glabrous; branchlets compressed-cylindrical ; leaves leathery,
ovate or oval, rounded at both ends or cordate at the base, sessile or shortly petioled : veins
obsolete or inconspicuous ; peduncles 1-few-flowered ; anthers roundish. — Lot. Mag. 1. 1779-
—Leaves 3"-l long, 2"-l" broad; flowers 8"' diam.— Hab. Jamaica!, March; Nevis %
{Sims) ; [S. Thomas, Guadeloupe],

52. P. Gnildingiaimm, Gr. {n. sji.). Glabrous; branchlets compressed-cylindrical ;
leaves leathery, elliptical-oblong, bluntish : primary veins approximate, delicate, straightish,
with a continuous, juxtamarginal arch, obsoletely prominulous above, inconspicuous beneath ;
peduucles fascicled, 5-9-flowered or trichotomous above the base: ultimate flowers ternately
clustered (or single) ; anthers oblong ; berry minute.— Habit of Myrcia conacea ; leaves
rigid, devoid of pellucid dots, polished beneath, 5"-3" long, 2"-H" broad : petiole 2 long ;
cymes axillarv or lateral, 1" long, once or twice trichotomous : flowers sessile in the special
clusters: calyx irregularly 4-5-lobed : limb mrich produced beyond the ovary, while m the
other species the limb bursts down to the ovary itself ; berry globose, 3 diam., separated
by a terminal stricture from the persistent, spreading calyx-limb ; seeds many, m 4 ceils,
subglobose : testa hard. — Hab. S. Vincent !, Guild.

13. CAMPOMANESIA, R. F.

Calvr 5(-4-6)-lobed. Petals $ (4-6). Ovary 4-many-celled, a little exceeded by the turbi-
nate calyx -tube : cells multiovulate. Berry few-seeded. Testa membranaceous. Embryo spi-
rally involute : radicle elongated : cotyledons short, at the summit of the interior involution.
— Pedicels slender, solitary or fascicled.

53 C aromatica, Gr. Branchlets puberulous, compressed-cylindrical ; leaves rugose,
membranaceous, elliptical, apieulate, long-petioled, glabrate early opaque :
arcuate-costate, distant, impressed above, thichsh-promment beneath secondary tiansverse
less prominulous ; flowers precocious; pedicels approximate, 4-2 times larger Gian the
bract' pubescent : bracteoles 2, filiform, as long as the velvety-pubescent calyx-tube calyx-
lobes 5 (-“4”), ovate, blunt; anthers oblong-linear ; berry globose. Aubl. t. 1 .

Psidium, Aubl. Stenocalyx Pseudo-Psidium, Berg ?— A _ low, very aromatic tree ; leaves
3"-2" petiole 4'" long ; pedicels in distant fascicles, 4"-12 , bracts 3 -2 , biacteoles 1?
long;’ petals obovate, 3'" long, twice as long as the calyx-lobes ; ovary 4-celled ; bernes
2-seeded, 3"' diam— Hab. Trinidad !, Loclch., Cr., common : [Martinique {ex syn. Bag) ,
Guiana].

14*. PUNICA, L.

Calvx 5 (— 7)-lobed : tube turbinate. Petals 5 (-7). Berry-cells 2 (-3)- seriate : inferior
2-4, superior 4-9. Cotyledons foliaceons, spirally convolute : radicle short, basilai . Lea\ es

dotless.

54* P srranatum, L.—Lesc. FI. 1. t. 35— P. nana, L. : a shrubby form, with uar-
row leaves.— A tree; leaves lanceolate-oblong or linear-lanceolate ; flowers crimson large ,
berry globose.— IIab. Naturalized in Jamaica !, Antigua !, Wullschl.; [mtioduccd fioin
northern Africa and southern Europe].

Tribe II. LECYTEILE2E.— Stamens cc, united at the base— Leaves alternate, dotlcss.

15. GRTAS, L.

“ Calyx 4-fid. Petals 4. Stamens connate at the base, m 5 rows.

Stigma cruciform,

MELASTOMACEiE.

243

sessile. Pericarp drupaceous. — Along-leaved tree: branches none or short ; flowers la-
teral, larye, white.”

55. G. cauliflora, L.—Sl. t. 217 . /. 1. 2. — “Stem 30-50' high; leaves lanceolate,
acuminate, glabrous, 2 '-34' long, 10'" broad; peduncles very short, many-flowered.” — Had.
Jamaica {-LI.), in damp thickets, common in certain districts.

Several other Lecythidere are cultivated, and some indigenous, hut of none specimens were
sent. A Lecytliis is mentioned by Crueger as a Trinidad tree ; fruits exist in the economic
Kew Museum, from the same island, of Bertholletia excelsa ; and from S. Vincent of a Le-
cythis (stated to be L. coiiaria, DC.), of Couroupita guianensis , Aubl. (Tuss. El. 2. t. 10.
ID; Desc. FI. 5. t. 340), and of a Gustavia.

Tribe III. M EMECYLEJE. — Stamens 10-8, distinct : anthers produced below, bursting
with short clefts or pores. Pericarp baccate. — Leaves opposite, quite entire.

16. MOURIRIA, Aubl.

Calyx 5 (-4) -dentate : tube produced beyond the ovary. Petals 5 (-4). Stamens 10
(-8) : anthers oblong, biporose at the top. Ovary 5-2-celled : cells few-ovulate. Berry
1-few-pyrenous. Cotyledons flat-convex. — Leaves opaque, glabrous ; inflorescence axillary :
pedicels jointed and bibracteolate about the middle.

56. M. xnyrtilloides, Poir. Branchlets tetragonal ; leaves ovate-lanceolate, acuminate,
veinless : petiole very short or none ; pedicels 1-3, exceeding the petiole, bibracteolate at
the middle: bracteoles subulate; calyx-tube campanulate : teeth 5, deltoid-roundish; anther-
cells as long as the conical, connectival spur : pores roundish ; berry “ globose, l(-2)-seeded.”

SI. t. 187./. 3. — -Petaloma, Sw. / — A low tree or shrub; leaves 2/'-li" long, 12"'-6'"
broad ; pedicels 2'" long ; flowers 4'" long, white : stamens exserted. — Hab. Jamaica !, Al.,
Wils., March, in woods, at 1000' alt. ; [Haiti !].

57. B2. domingensis, Walp. Branchlets tetragonal, at length cylindrical ; leaves
chartaceous, ovate-oblong, pointed, petioled : veins distant, slightly prominulous beneath ;
corymbs or fascicles 3-5-flowered : pedicels exceeding the petiole, minutely bibracteolate be-
low the middle ; calyx-tube turbinate, at length campanulate : teeth 5, broad, subtruncate ;
anther-cells as long as the recurved, conical, connectival spur : pores oval ; berry globose,

! 1 -seeded. Tuss. Pi. 3. t. 37- — Petaloma, Tuss. — Allied to M. guianensis, Aubl., in which
the leaves are leathery, and the pedicels bibracteolate at the middle. Leaves 3|"-2i" long,
l/'-l" broad: petiole 3 "'-2'" long; pedicels 3'" long ; flowers 3"'-4'" long, rosv.— Hab!
Antigua !, Wullschl.; [Haiti].

Ohsbea rhizophorjfolia, DC. (Guildingia psidioides, Hook. Bot. Misc. 1. t. 30), is a cul-
tivated tree of S. Vincent, though indigenous in Martinique, approaching Mouriria.

LXVIII. MELASTOMACEiE.

Stamens definite, mostly twice as many as the twisted petals, inserted into the valvate
calyx, inflexed in aestivation, viz. bent downwards towards either the ovary or the bottom of
the calyx, and ascending on the opening of the flower : the anthers anterior and adnate to
the connective, bursting usually by terminal pores. Ovary inferior, or adhering to the calyx-
tube by longitudinal lines, which separate from each other the special holes for the reception
of the anthers in the bud, and often disappear during development, or in some instances en-
tirely free from the calyx: cells several, with the ovules mostly indefinite and usually attached
to the axis of the cells. Seeds exalbuminous, mostly cc.— Leaves curve-ribbed * opposite,
undivided, dotless, exstipulate.

I he uses and properties of the Melastomacea! are of no importance. The berries, if suc-
culent, are eatable, as those of Bla/cea, Bellucia, and others, the Bellucia having on that

In the following descriptions only the principal ribs of the leaves are numbered, viz.
lose la equal the midrib in strength, without regard to those weaker branches which
run near the margin and arc sometimes wanting.

244.

MELASTOMACEJL.

account been introduced from tbe American continent. The flowers of Meriania are
mentioned among the astringent and aromatic drugs, and this astringent principle prevails
through the whole family.

ARTIFICIAL KEY OF THE WEST INDIAN GENERA.

A. Miconiece. — Fruit berried. Connective not enlarged.
Anthers without tail.

Anthers opening with pores.

Anthers oblong, blunt.

Divisions of calyx-limb filiform.

From below the margin ........

From the margin

Divisions of calyx-limb subulate

Divisions of calyx-tube minute

Divisions of calyx-tube none.

Limb subentire . .

Limb operculate

Anthers linear.

Divisions of calyx-limb subulate

Divisions of calyx-limb minute

Anthers tapering towards the top or beaked.

Anthers inflexed to the bottom of the calyx . .

Anthers inflexed above the ovary.

Anther-cells connected.

Anthers without a beak

Anthers beaked

Anther-cells separated by a furrow.

Anthers bluntish

Anthers beaked

Anthers tapering towards the base, elliptical-oblong.

Anther-cells connected

Anther-cells distinct

Anthers opening with one anterior fissure ....
Anthers opening with two longitudinal fissures .
Anthers tailed.

Anthers opening with terminal pores.

Anthers oblong

Anthers obovate-truncate

Anthers opening with one anterior fissure.

Ovules indefinite

Ovules two in each cell. Tail of anthers very short

B. Pyxidantheie — Fruit berried. Connective enlarged.

Stigma minute, even. Involucre

Stigma capitate, furrowed. Involucre none ....

C. Charianthece. — Fruit capsular. Seeds not cochleate.

Anthers without appendages

Anthers spurred.

Spur descending.

Spur conical. Ovary 5-locular

Spur short. Ovary 2-locular

Spur reflexed

D. Lasiandrece. — Fruit capsular. Seeds cochleate.

Ovary adherent.

Stamens unequal

Stamens of the same structure

Ovary at length free from the calyx.

Ovary crowned with bristles .......

. . . Calycogonium.

, . . Clidemee sp.

. . . Heterotrichum.

. . Miconia, sect. Hartigia.

. . . Loreya.

. . . CONOSTEGIA.

. . . Clidehia.

. . . Tschudya.

. . . Diplochita.

. . . Miconia.

. . . Tetrazygia.

Miconia, sect. Arrhenotoma.
. . . FIenriettea.

. . . Clidemie sp.

. . . Octopleura.

. . . Eurychenia.

, . . Pleurocidenia.

. . Ossea.

. . Cremanium.

. . OHENOPLEURA.

. . Eurychasnia.

. . Blakea.

. . Bellucia.

. . Charianthus.

Meriania.

Cycnopodium.

Davya.

Heteronoma.

ClI/ETOGASTKA.

. Artiirostemma.

MELASTOMACEiE.

245

Ovary without terminal bristles.
Anthers without appendages . .

Anthers with appendages.

Stamens of the same structure.
Spurs ascending . . . .

Tails bitubercled ....
Stamens unequal

Spenneua.

Nepsera.

CoMOEUA.

Acisanthera.

Tribe I. MICONIE2E. —Fruit berried. Seeds not cochleate. — Anthers without an enlarged
connective : appendages usually small or none : tail, if existing, contiguous to the
filament.

1. CALYCOGONIUM, DC.; Naud. Ann. Sc. Nat. III. 16. p. 85.

Calyx campanulate or pitcher-shaped : lobes 4, filiform, inserted below the margin of the
produced limb. Anthers 8, oblong, without appendages, inflexed above the ovary, opening
with a single terminal pore : cells distinct below the top. Ovary adherent, 4-locular, not
produced at the top. Seeds pyramidal.- — Shrubs, not hispid, with single or a few , clustered,
terminal or axillary flowers ; leaves entire, petioled : the lateral ribs delicate and disappear-
ing below the end of the leaf ; petals 4, ob ovate, usually mucronate.

1. C. glabratum, DC. Glabrous; leaves ovate-lanceolate: axils of nerves usually
bearded ; flov;ers as long as the peduncle ; calyx terete ; style fusiform, with the stigma
minute. — Melastoma, Sw. — A diffuse shrub, 3 -(S' high ; leaves \^'-2\" long, triplinerved,
bluntish and callous at the point ; flowers solitary, terminal ; calyx pitcher-shaped : tube
2'"-3'” long, as long as the keeled filiform lobes, with the interior margin of the limb
subentire; petals white, somewhat shorter than the calyx-lobes; berry globose, black. —
Hab. Jamaica!, Pd., Wils., in the mountains of Port Royal.

2. C. rhamnoideum, Naud. Glabrous ; leaves obovate or oval : axils of nerves glan-
dular, with a single gland ; flowers subsessile ; calyx terete ; “ style fusiform, with the stigma
minute.” — C. glabratum, Macf. ( non. DC.). — A shrub, 6' high; leaves usually 1" long,
blunt, triplinerved; flowers solitary or geminate, terminal; calyx and petals of the preceding
species. — Hab. Jamaica!, Pd., March, rare, on pastures; [Cuba],

2. LOREYA, DC. ; Naud. (/. c. 18. p. 109).

Calyx ovate : limb short, entire or repand. Anthers 1 0, oblong, without appendages,
inflexed above the ovary, opening with a single terminal pore : cells distinct below the top.
Ovary adherent, 5-locular, umbilicated and glabrous at the top ; stigma conical or capitate.
Seeds pyramidal. — Large-leaved, glabrescent, shrubs or trees; flowers lateral, i.e. axillary
in the axils of former leaves, fascicled, or cymose.

3. L. trinitensis, Crueg. ! Leaves oval, eminently triplinerved, tapering at the sub-
sessile base ; flowers fascicled : the pedicels simple, longer than the calyx ; the stigma coni-
cal. Br. Jam. t. 24. f 1, 2: very good. — L. fasciculiflora, Naud. — A shrub, 20' high ;
leaves 6 -18" long, entire, or with distant, minute, blunt teeth, perfectly glabrous: the
lateral ribs separating from the midrib, 2", and the juxtamarginnl ones about 6'" above the
base ; pedicels usually 3-7-nate, filiform, 4"'-8"' long ; calyx-tube 2'" long, double the
length of the spreading, entire limb; petals roundish, clawed,’ about 4"' long (including the
broad claw), white. Hab. Jamaica!, Pd., M’Nab, Wils., at 3000' alt., in moist woods ;
Irmidad, at S. Anns, Or.

3. HEN RIETTEA, DC. ; Naud. (/. c. IS p. 104).

Calyx campanulate : limb produced, spreading. Anthers 10-12, beaked-subulate, with-
out appendages, inflexed above the ovary, opening with a single terminal pore : cells distinct
below the top, beak incurved. Ovary adherent, crowned with a glabrous, denticulated neck ;
style thickened towards the capitate stigma. Seeds obovate. — Arborescent shrubs or trees,
rough in the younger parts ; leaves large, entire, shortly petioled; flowers lateral , i.e. ax-
illary m the axils of former leaves, fascicled : pedicels simple, usually shorter than the
flower; petals of the West Indian species rosy, with blue anthers.

MELASTOMACEJE.

240

4. El. succosa, DC. Leaves oval or obovate, bluntish at the base ; calyx-tube enlarged
at the top, much longer than the 5- parted limb ; anther-cells thickened towards the base and
twice as thick as the connective ; style hairy. — Aubl. t. 162. — An arborescent shrub, 15'-
20' high : down yellowish-rusty ; leaves 4"-10" long, triplinerved, pointleted, strigose, with
short hairs ou both sides, glabresceut above, pale beneath ; fascicles 5-1-llowered ; calyx
strigose : tube 4"'-5'" long, divisions roundish and hearing minute exterior teeth below the
top; petals downy beneath, obovate, mucronate; ovary 5-locular; berry violet. — Hab.
Trinidad !, Crueg. ; [Guiana, Brazil].

5. H. ramiflora, DC. ( non Macf.). Leaves obovate, tapering towards the base; calyx-
tube at length contracted at the top, as long as the %-lobed or repand limb ; anther-cells at
the base as thick as the connective; style glabrous. — Plukn. Aim. t. 249. f. 2: a single
leaf. — Melastoma, Sw. Henriettea grandifolia, Macf. ( exclus . syn. Br.). — A tree ; leaves 4"
10" long, triplinerved, pointleted, glabresceut above, rough and yellowish with oppressed
hairs beneath ; fascicles 5-1-flowered ; calyx strigose : tube scarcely 2"' long, lobes rounded ;
petals downy beneath, obovate, mucronate; ovary 5-locular. — Hab. Jamaica !, March, in
woods.

4. OSSiEA, DC. reform.

(Sagnem sp., Naud.)

Calyx shortly campanulate : limb short, spreading, repand. Anthers 8(— 10), oblong,
blunt, indexed above the ovary, opening with a single pore : filaments articulated at the
knee with the indexed, connectival tail : cells distinct, each with a longitudinal furrow.
Ovary adherent, crowned with a glabrous, furrowed neck : style slender, with a small, capi-
tate stigma. Seeds obovate. — Shrubs, rough with a short hispid down , or scattered bris-
tles on the younger, tetragonal branchlets ; leaves comparatively large , petioled ; dowers
lateral, fascicled: pedicels simple; petals 4 (-5), pointed, forming a conical body in the
bud.

6. O. fascicularis, Or. Branchlets rusty-hispid ; leaves elliptical, tapering at the
base, pointed, rusty -hispid on the ribs beneath; fascicles many-dowered; anthers oblong-
linear, tapering upwards ; tail thiekish, much shorter than the cells ; ovary 4-5 -locular.
Melastoma, Sw. ! Sagraea, DC. Staphidiastrum, Naud. Sagreea acutidora, Naud. par-
tim. Henriettea ramidora, Macf . I ( non DC.)-, a glabresceut form.— A shrub, 6-10 feet
high, leafy at the top of branches; leaves 4"-6" long, eminently triplinerved, entire, cih-
ated and roughish on both sides with scattered minute hairs : petiole 6 -12'" long , pedi-
cels 2'"— 3'" long, about the length of the dower; calyx glabrous, If" long; petals of the
same length, -white, ovate-lanceolate, taper-pointed. — Hab. Jamaica !, Pd., Jl., in damp
woods of the central and western districts.

7. O. lateriflora, DC. Branchlets glabrous; leaves elliptical, tapering at the base,
pointleted, at length glabrous : fascicles 3-many-fiowered ; anthers oblong, blunt : tail as long
as the cells; ovary 4-locular. — Melastoma, Vahl. O. sparsidora, DC. Sagrrna, Naud.
Clidemia, Or. — Leaves 2£"-3" long, triplinerved, subentire, subciliated,.iu the adult state
quite glabrous : petiole 4"'-8'" long, pedicels 2"' long, as long as the berry ; calyx glabrous ;
petals pointed.— Hab. Dominica !, Imr. ; Montserrat, in mountain-woods; [Guadeloupe!,
Venezuela !].

5. CLIDEMIA, Don; Naud. (/. c. 17. p. 338. reform.).

(Staphidium, Naud.; 17 ■ p. 305. Staphidiastrum, Naud.; 17 .p. 325. Sagraea, DC., Naud).

Calyx campanulate or seiniglobose : lobes 5-4 (-6), subulate, usually spreading (laiely
reduced, with a point). Anthers 8-10 (-12), linear, sometimes broader, opening with 1 ( 2)
terminal pores : cells connected. Ovary bearing usually terminal bristles or a minute dow n.
Seeds oval, or sometimes pyramidal.— Shrubs, usually hispid; cymes or clusters axillary,
chiefly towards the top of branchlets {or terminal).

Sect. 1. Stf.piianotriciium. — Anthers linear, inflexed to the bottom of the calyx.

Bristles on the insertion-line of the stamens. Cymes axillary.

8. Cl. hirta, Don.
oblong or ovate ; cymes

Branches and petioles pilose with long, rusty hairs ; leaves ovate-
subscssile, corymbiforin, equalling the petiole ; calyx densely pilose :

MELAST0MACE2E.

247

lobes thread-shaped, from a subulate base, as long as the tube; petals 5 (-G), obovate ; ovary
5-loeular : style tiliform, with a blunt stigma. — Valil , Ic. Amer . 2. t. 24 : a lorm with
ovate leaves, representing his Mel. crenata. — Melastoma hirta, L. M .paueiflora, JDesr.
Cl. pauciflora, crenata, erythropogon ?, DC. Cl. lcptoclados, Crueg.! Staphidium pauci-
florum, Naud. ! St. Wilsonii, a, Naud. ! : the ripening state, with the ovary adherent.— A.
common shrub, 3-8' high, variable in the form and nervature of leaves, the teeth of their
margin, and the down ; leaves 3y— 6" long, tripli-5-nerved, taper-pointed or pointleted, den-
ticulate or subentire : hairs scattered ; petals white or rosy ; anthers tubercled on the poste-
rior side of their base ; ovary free in the bud- (with the exception of the adhering lines), but
at length adherent, produced at the tops into a long, cylindrical, furrowed neck ; berry
hairy, blue.

a. Leaves rounded at the base, minutely denticulate or subentire.

j8. elegans, Don. Leaves ovate, subcordate at the base, densely crenated : erenatures
rather large, roundish, unequal. — Bot. Mag. t. 1971 ; Aubl. t. 167. — Melastoma hirta, Sw. I
M. crenata, Meg. Esseq. 1 Cl. crenata, Crueg. ! Staphidium elegans, Naud. ! St. Wilsonii,

Naud. !

Hab. Jamaica !, all coll., common in shady situations and forests ; S. Kitts !, S. Vincent !,
Guild.; Trinidad!, Sieb. Tr. 65, Cr. ; [Cuba! and Mexico! to Brazil! and Peru!].

Sect. 2. Staphidium. — Anthers linear , in.flexed above the adherent ovary. Cymes

axillary.

9. Cl. spicata, DC. Kusty -hispid ; leaves ovate, lubercled above and pitted beneath ;
cymes contracted, sjdcform ; calyx-lobes filiform from a subulate base, double the length of
their interior appendage ; petals 5-6, obovate ; ovary 5-6-locular : style filiform, with a mi-
nute stigma. — Bonpl. Mel. t. 3. — Staphidium, Naud. — A shrub, 2-8' high, extremely vari-
able in the form of leaves, the inflorescence, and the down : leaves 5-nerved, crenated or
denticulate, petioled ; cymes usually compound below, usually with 3 -flowered clusters ; petals
red or white ; anthers without appendages ; berry hairy, red.

a. Bristles of the branches not glandular, emerging from a stellate down ; branches of the
cymes short or none ; calyx setose : lobes shorter than the tube, appendage roundish. — Cl.
spicata, Cr. the most common Trinidad Clidenda. Ileterotrichum dubium, Mac/.

/3. strigillosa, DC. Bristles glandular ; most of the flower-clusters stalked ; calyx
larger : lobes almost equalling the tube, appendage oblong.— Melastoma, Sw. ! Cl. bullosa,
DC. Cl. fenestrata, Benth. Cl. agrestis, Macf. Heterotrichum viscosum, Macf. Cl.
surinamensis, Miq. ! : a form with looser cymes, and the calyx-lobes half the length of the
tube.

y. puslulala, DC. Somewhat hoary by tomentose down: bristles few, some of them
glandular ; cymes loosened into long-stalked clusters ; calyx tomentose : lobes shorter and
appendages often protruding.

Hab. Jamaica !, Al. (#), to Trinidad !, Sieb. Trin. 63, Lockh., Cr., common in woods
and bogs; [Panama!, Venezuela!, Guiana!, Brazil!, Peru!].

10. Cl. Berterii, Gr. Branches and petioles shaggy with dense, rusty hairs ; leaves
ovate or subcordate, pointed, 5- nerved , denticulate, hairy : petioles exceeded by the axillary
peduncles of the corym biform cymes ; calyx covered with loug, spreading bristles : lobes fili-
form from a subulate base, as long as the tube ; petals 4, obovate-oblong, blunt ; ovary 4-
locular : style filiform, with a minute stigma. — Sagrsea, DC. Staphidiastrum, Naud. ! —
J-eaves 4"-8" long ; anthers without appendages. — Hab. Jamaica!, Ed., M‘Nab, Wils., in
moist woods at 3000' alt.

11. Cl. latifolia, DC. Branches and petioles setose with dense rusty hairs; leaves
ovate, pointed, 5- nerved , denticulate, hairy : petioles long, equalling the axillary, corymbi-
J'orm cymes ; calyx hairy, bibracteolate : lobes shortly subulate, , half the length of the
lube ; petals 4, obovate ; ovary 4-locular : style filiform, with a capitulate stigma. — Vahl, Ic.
Amer. 3. t. 29. — Melastoma latifolia, Desr. M. umbrosa, Sw. ! Sagrcca umbrosa, DC.
Staphidiastrum latifolium, Naud. St. umbrosum, Naud. Staphidium latifolinm and um-
brosum, Gr. — A shrub, 6'-7' high ; leaves 4"-12" long ; cymes divided ; secondary branch-
lets sub-3-ilowcrcd ; petals white; berry hairy, black. — Hab. S. Kitts, Dominical, Tmr. ;
Trinidad 1, Sieb. Trin. 59, in mountain woods; [Martinique!, Sieb. Marl. 299 ; Guade-
loup e].

248

MELASTOMACEjE.

12. Cl. Swartzii, Gr. Branches and petioles pilose with dense, rusty, deciduous hairs ;
leaves ovate, pointed, 5-ueijjjed, with scattered hairs or glabreseent : petioles equalling the
axillary, racemiform cymes ; calyx pilose, semiglobose, bibracteolate : lobes reduced, mucro-
nate, with the muero shorter than the subulate base ; petals 4, roundish ; ovary 4-locuhir :
style filiform, with a capitulate stigma. — Melastoma pilosa, Sw. ! Sagrcea pilosa, DC. Sla-
phidiastrum pilosum, Naud. St. rubrinerve, Naud. ? — A shrub ; leaves 4 -6” long, denti-
culate or entire ; cymes slender, either simple or trifid towards the base, densely pilose :
flowers small ; petals white, with a red base ; berry hairy, small. — Hab. Jamaica !, Pd. ; S.
Vincent !, Guild., in mountain woods ; [Cuba],

13. Cl. g-uadalupensis, Or. Branches tetragonal, powdery or downy, at length,
glabrous; leaves ovate, taper-pointed, triplinerved, glabreseent: petioles shorter than the
peduncles of the axillary, racemiform cymes ; calyx downy: lobes filiform from a subulate
base, much shorter than the tube ; petals 4, bluntish ; ovary 4-locular : stigma minute. —
Plum. Ed. Burin, t. 142. f. 2 : a form with large leaves. — Sagrrea, DC. — Leaves 3"-6"
long: transverse veins prominent beneath; cymes interrupted and few-flowered; anthers
without appendages ; berry black.- — Hab. Dominica !, Imr.; [Guadeloupe!].

14. Cl. liirsuta, Or. Branches and petioles pilose with rusty bristles ; leaves ovate-
lanceolate, taper-pointed, triplinerved, with scattered hairs : petioles shorter than the
spreading pedicels of the axillary, corymbiform cymes ; calyx setose: lobes filiform, from a
subulate base, as long as the tube ; petals 4, taper-pointed; ovary 4-locular: style fusiform,
with a minute stigma. — Melastoma, Siv. Sagrtea, DC. — A shrub, 2-3' high ; leaves 2"-3"
long ; cymes few-flowered ; petals whitish ; anthers without appendages ; berry hairy, black-
purple.— Hab. Jamaica!, Macf., Pd., Wils., on the south-eastern bills.

15. Cl. microphylla, Or. Branches and leaves downy with short, substrigose hairs ;
leaves ovate, blunt, triplinerved, equalling the pedicels or twice as long ; calyx pilose, semi-
globose : lobes filiform from a subulate base, shorter than the tube ; petals 4, ovate, pointed ;
ovary 4-locular : stigma minute. — Melastoma, Sw. ! Sagrsea, DC. Ossaea pratensis, Macf.
— A shrub, 2'-3' high, with many divaricated branches; leaves 6"'-12'" long, denticulate or
repaiul: petiole 1 '"-2"' long; axillary pedicels usually solitary, simple (or “ tripartite ”),
filiform ; petals white; anthers without appendages'; berry hispid, purple. — Hab. Jamaica!,
Macf., Pd., Al., iu pastures of the central valleys.

Sect. 3. Staphidiastbum. — Anthers inflexed above the adherent ovary. Flowers in

axillary clusters.

16. Cl. rubra, Mart. Branches rnsty-tomentose or shaggy ; leaves more or less ellip-
tical, quintuplinerved, tubercled and strigose above, tomentose beneath, upper ones shortly
petioted or subsessile ; flowers crowded, sessile ; calyx strigose: lobes much shorter than the
tube; petals 4 (-5), obovate ; ovary 4-3-locular : style filiform, with a minute stigma. —
Vahi, Ecfog. 2. t. 18; Bonpl. Mel. t. 39. — Melastoma, Aubl.l Sagrsea sessiliflora, DC.
Stnphidiastrum rubium, Naud. St. attenuatum, Naud. St. Bonplandii, Naud. : a form
with longer petioles, did. debilis, Crueg.l: the same. — A shrub, 3'-5' high ; leaves usually
2"-4" long, elliptical-ovate or elliptical-oblong, subacute ; petals red (sometimes white) ; an-
thers without appendages.— Hab. Trinidad!, Lockli., Cr., common in gravelly savannahs;
[S. Thomas, Panama!, Venezuela! to Brazil! and Peru!].

17. Cl. scabrosa, Gr. Branches tomentose ; leaves ovate, bluntish, tripli-quintupli-
nerved, rough : petioles much longer than the axillary, sessile flowers ; calyx strigose : lobes
as long as the semiglobose tube ; petals 4, taper-pointed ; ovary 4-locular : style filiform, with
a minute stigma. — Br. Jam. 1. £4. J. 3. — Ossfca, DC. Sagrrea, Naud. S. glomeiat.a, Naud.:
a form with crowded flowers. S. Lindeuiaua, Naud.! : a form with few-flowered clusters.

A shrub, 4-10' high ; leaves 2"-4" long, rough with short conical bristles on both sides,
glaucous and obsoletely pitted beneath, crenulated; petals white and tinged with purple;
anthers without appendages, short ; berry hairy, rufous. — Hab. Jamaica !, Macf, AL, Wits.,
along riversides in the hills ; [Cuba !].

] 8. Cl. crossosepala, Gr. ( n . sp.). Branches pilose and glabreseent ; leaves ovale or
elliptical-lanceolate, taper-pointed, quintuplinerved or triplinerved (sometimes obliquely tri-
nerved), subacute at the pctioled base, glabrous or glabreseent, eiliatc, and powdery on the

MELASTOMACEiE.

249

l ibs anil veins beneath ; flowers axillary, sessile or shortly stalked ; calyx somewhat powdery :
lobes fimbriate with a few long-stalked glands, half the length of the campanulate tube ;
petals 4, oval, blunt ; ovary 4-locular : style linear. — A shrub, 8'— 10' high: younger branches
subcoin pressed ; leaves 4"-6" long, membranaceous, entire, the opposite ones usually un-
equal, paler beneath ; flowers white, clustered, at length lateral on the old branches ; calyx-
lobes 1'" long ; authers uudulate, linear, blunt , berry blue : seeds ovate, with a large, lateral
hilum. — Hab. Jamaica !, Wils., near Mansfield.

19. Cl. trinitensis, Gr. Branches pilose and glabreseent ; leaves oblong-lanceolate,

acuminate, tapering towards the linear, subsessile base, triplinerved, glabreseent or pilose
beneath on the midrib ; flowers axillary, shortly stalked ; calyx-teeth subulate, with a short
point, much shorter than the campanulate, glandular tube ; petals 4, pointed ; ovary bilocu-
lar.— Ossrea, Crueg.J — A shrub, 6'-8' high; leaves 5"-3" long, broad, membrana-

ceous, entire ; flowers white, clustered ; calyx-tube 1'" long, much longer than the pedicel,
bearing long-stalked glands. — Hab. Trinidad 1, Or., in the northern hills.

20. Cl. Cruegeriana, Gr. Branches glabrous ; leaves lanceolate, long-acuminate,
rounded at the subsessile base, triplinerved, glabrous; flowers axillary, shortly stalked ;
calyx-teeth reduced with a short point, tube campanulate, without glands ; petals 4, pointed ;
ovary . . . . — Ossrea salicifolia, Crueg.l : his name, though a very appropriate one, was to
be altered on account of CL salicifolia, Naud. — A shrub, 4-5' high ; leaves 6"-3" long,
l"-6'" broad, and 2'" broad at the rounded base, membranaceous, entire ; flower-clusters few-
flowered ; ealyx-tube narrow, 1'" long, much longer than the pedicel. — Hab. Trinidad I, Cr.,
at S. Anus with the preceding.

Sect. 4. Oxymkris. — Anthers inflexed above the adherent ovary, oblong, tapering at the
base. Cymes axillary, short or slender, with narrow flowers.

21. Cl. capillar is, Gr. Glabrous; leaves lanceolate, acuminate, trinerved ; cymes
axillary, peduucled, few-flowered, exceeding the petiole ; calyx tubular : lobes 4, subulate ;
style thickened downwards, with a minute stigma. — Melastoma, Sw. ! Sagraca, DC. — A low
shrub, 2'-6' high, with ascending, tetragonal branches, leafy only towards the top ; leaves
2"-3" long, 6"'-8"' broad, subentire, exceeding the cymes, the pair often of unequal length :
petiole 3"'— 4'" long ; flowers 2-4. times shorter than the filiform pedicels ; calyx l^'"-2'"
long, l'" broad, with the pedicels somewhat roughish (sometimes glandular) ; petals shorter
than the calyx, ovat'e, pointed, white ; anthers 8, without appendages : pore single ; ovary
4-2-locular ; berry blue. — Hab. Jamaica !, Macf, Wils., March, in the Liguana and Leman
mountains, from 1200' upwards, chiefly in the upper regious.

22. Cl. hirtella, Gr. Branches pilose ; leaves ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, trinerved,

glabrous above, glabreseent aud glaucous beneath; cymes axillary, shortly peduncled, few-
flowered, equalling the petiole; calyx campanulate, giandular: teeth 4, reduced, with a short
point ; style linear, with a minute stigma. — Melastoma, Sw. ! Sagrsea ,.DC. — A low shrub,
about 3' high : younger branches somewhat angular; leaves 3"-2" long, broadj

green above, whitish beneath, membranaceous, entire: petiole pilose, 4"'-2'"long; flowers
white, as long as the pedicel : calyx-tube 1'" long, longer than the petals; petals ovate-lan-
ceolate, pointed ; anthers 8, without appendages : pore partitioned ; berry globose, 4-locular,
purple. — Hab. Jamaica !, Sw., Wils., in the mountains, e.g. Cuna-Cima pass, at 3000' alt.

Sect. 5. Lima. Anthers inflexed above the adherent ovary, elliptical-oblong. Panicle

sub terminal .

Cl. Lima, DC. Branches muricated; leaves ovate, pointed, triplinerved, tubercled
on both sides, pitted beneath ; panicle racemiform ; calyx tubercled : lobes subulate, bluntish,
shorter than the tube; petals 5—4, taper-pointed; ovary 5— 4-locular : style fusiform, with a
minute stigma. Cl. asperifolia, Naud. I Cl. hirsute, Macf. Sagrsea Lima, Naud. : said to
(I i Her by quaternary flower- parts and trinerved leaves, the description however agreeing in
all essential points, and Ocsronsscan’s original plant, according to his own statement, pre-
scuting the triplinerved leaves. S. braeteolata, Macf— A shrub, 4'-6' high: branches
densely covered by short, thick bristles, without any softer down ; leaves usually 2" long,
denticulate, pclioled, without down : the dense tubercles of the upper side mucrouatc ;

250

MELASTOMACE2E.

panicle loose, exhibiting stalked, 3-flovvercd heads ; petals rosy ; anthers somewhat tubercled
at the base; berry purple. — Hah. Jamaica!, Macf., rare in the mountains; [Cuba!, Haiti].

6. TSCHUDYA, DC. reform.; Naud. ( l . c. 18. p. 91).

(Clidemim sp., DC., Naud.)

Calyx campanulate or semiglobose : limb reduced : teeth short, bluntish or obsolete. An-
thers 10-8, linear, indexed above the ovary, opening with a single terminal pore : cells con-
nected above. Ovary crowned with a neck, bearing terminal bristles or a minute down. —
Shrubs, usually hispid ; pauicle usually terminal, with clustered or serial flowers.

24. T. rufescens, DC. Branches, petioles, and panicle shaggy with rusty hairs; leaves
ovate-oblong or elliptical-oblong, acuminate, 3-uerved or tripli nerved, hairy chiefly on the
nerves and more dense beneath ; panicle compound : ultimate branchlets with serial, sessile
flowers ; petals 5, subulate; stigma capitate ; berry 5-locular.- — DC. Melast. t. 9. — T. as-
periuscula, DC. Clidemia rhodopogon, DC. — A shrub, 6-10' high; leaves 4"-6" long,
denticulate or repand, petioled; panicle spreading: ultimate cymes 3-7 -flowered ; calyx-
teeth linear, deciduous, about one-sixth the length of the tube; petals “ greenish-/’ anthers
without appendages ; seeds obovate : rhaphe produced into a large appendage. — Hab. Tri-
nidad!, Loclch., Cr., in mountain woods; [Guiana, equatorial Brazil].

25. T. ibaguensis, Gr. Branches, petioles, and panicle shaggy with rusty hairs;
leaves ovate-oblong or ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, 3-nerved or triplinerved, with scattered
iiairs, chiefly on the nerves ; panicle trichotomous : flowers shortly serial, sessile; petals 5,
obovate ; stigma peltate ; berry 3-locular. — Bonpl. Mel. t. 45 ; Miq. Comment. Phytogr. 2.
t. 10 G. — Melastoma, Bonpl. Clidemia miconioides, Benth. ! Cl. maculata, Benth. ap.
Crueg. ! ; Sieb. Trin. n. 64 ! : the plant described by Bentham differs by having more hairy
leaves. Miconia eriophora, Miq. ! Clid. agrestis, DC. ? — A shrub, 4'-6' high : its habit
exactly like the preceding species, but the panicle less compound and not so loose, terminal
on the branches, and the" petals blunt ; leaves 3"-4” long, denticulate; calyx-teeth minute,
tuberculiform, connected by the entire margin of the limb, deciduous ; anthers bitubercled
at the base on the anterior side; seeds pyramidal. — Hab. Trinidad !, Sieb., Cr., in woods ;
[Mexico !, Panama I, New Granada, Guiana !].

26. T. strigillosa, Gr. (n. sp.). Branchlets, petioles, and panicle somewhat strigose
with rusty hairs ; leaves elliptical-oblong or ovate-lanceolate, conspicuously triplinerved,
glabrescent, or with scattered, appressed hairs, chiefly on the nerves ; panicle infraterminal :
flowers ternate, shortly stalked, and with two minute bracts ; petals 5, linear, acuminate ;
stigma minute ; berry • • • • — Leaves (3"— 6' long) entire and shortly ciliate : the lateral
nerves 3'"-6"' distant from the leaf-base; calyx strigillose, a little distant from the strigose
bracts ; teeth minute, exceeded by the petals ; petals 1"' long, half the length of the style ;
anthers 10, linear and subulate.— Hab. Trinidad !, Cr., at Tocuche.

27. T. berbiceana, Gr. Branches glabrescent : petioles and pauicle rusty-downy ;
leaves ovate, pointed, subcordate at the base, 3-5 -nerved, glabrescent and ciliated-serrulate ;
panicle trichotomous : flowers clustered, all terminal ,- petals 5, obovate ; stigma minute;
berry 3-locular, furrowed. — Clidemia, DC. Miconia eriopoda, Benth. ! M. clidemioides,
Steud.l M. berbiceana, Naud. M. pleurocarpa, Naud. Melastoma pleurocarpum, E.
Mey. .' Decaraphe Foekeana, Miq. /—A shrub, 6'-8' high, variable in the form and down
of leaves ; leaves 3"-6" long, petioled ; calyx-limb shortly 5-lobed; lobes broad, blunt, and
minutely tubercled on the back ; petals pale yellow or white ; anthers curved, bitubercled
at the base on the anterior side : beak of the ovary bearing only a minute, evanescent down ;
seeds oval— Hab. Trinidad 1, Sieb., Cr. ; [Guiana !, where it is common].

28. T. lanata, Gr. Branches, petioles, and panicle woolly ; leaves, ovate, pointleted,
subcordate at the base, 3-nerved, crenate, velvety, hoary beneath ; panicle trichotomous :
flowers clustered, all terminal ; petals 5, obovate ; stigma capitate ; berry 3-locular.— -Clide-
mia DC., ex Sieb. Trin. n. 66 ! Staphidium, Naud.— A high shrub, at least 8 -14' high ;
leaves 4"-8" long, petioled ; calyx-limb shortly 5-lobed : lobes broad, blunt, and minutely
tubercled on the back ; petals white, fragrant ; anthers curved, bitubercled at the base on
the anterior side; seeds oval.— Hab. S. Vincent!, Guild. ; Trinidad !, Sieb., Loclch., Cr.. in
woods ; [Guiana] .

MELASTOMACEiE.

251

29. T. spondylantha, Gr. Branelilets strigose ; leaves oblong or ovate-oblong, acu-
minate, 7-5-plinerved, rough above, rather hoary with oppressed down beneath ; panicle
spiciform, interrupted ; petals 5, blunt; stigma minute, berry 3-locular. — Miq. Comment.
Phytogr. 2. A 11 A. — Miconia, DC. Clidemia verticillata, DC. Cl. violacea, DC. Cl.
coccinea, DC. Cl. spiciformis, Crueg.l ( non DC.). Miconia Fockeana, Miq. — A common
shrub of Guiana, usually 10'-12' high, variable in the form and the ribs of the leaves, and
in the branches being cylindrical or tetragonal : easily recognizable by the lateral pairs of
nerves being distant from each other, and by the peculiar inflorescence, formed of distant 3-
7-flowered clusters ; down of the branches somewhat silky, yellowish, oppressed ; leaves 4"-
12" long, tapering a little towards the petiole; panicle compound only at the base ; calyx-
limb repand, with five minute tubercles on the back; anthers curved, without appendages;
berry blue ; seeds pyramidal. — Hab. Trinidad !, Sch., Lockh., Cr., in savannahs and along
riversides; [Guiana!, equatorial Brazil !, Peru!].

7. HETEROTRICHUM, DC. ; Naucl. ( l . c. 18. p. 85).

Calyx campanulate : lobes 6-5-4, subulate, spreading. Anthers 12-10-8, oblong, in-
flexed above the ovary, opening first by a single terminal pore, and at length by fissures :
cells distinct nearly to the top, curved. Ovary adherent, crowned by a neck, encircling the
base of the style, bearing a minute, deciduous down. Seeds conical— Shrubs, with hispid
down ; panicle terminal.

30. H. niveum, DC. Branches and petioles glandular-pilose and stellate-downy;
leaves cordate-ovate, cuspidate, 5-nerved, glahrescent above, whitish beneath with stellate
down ; cyme corymbiform, straggling, few-flowered ; calyx 5-6-fid : lobes filiform from a
subulate base ; ovary 10-12-locular : stigma blunt. — Bonpl. Mel. t. 44. — Melastoma patens,
Sw. H. patens, DC. — A shrub, 6'-10' high ; leaves 3"-5" long, about double the length
of the petiole ; calyx-tube at length globose, equalling the lobes ; petals obovate, 6"'-8'"
long, rosy-white ; anthers without appendages; berry S"'— 10'" diam., hairy, black. — Hab.
Jamaica !, all coll., common on the lower hills of the interior ; [Cuba !, Haiti !, Portorieo].

31. H. hispidum, Gr. Branches and petioles setose and furfuraceous ; leaves ovate,
pointed, 3-nerved, rough and substrigose above, setose on the nerves, and often bearded in the
axils of veins beneath; panicle spreading; calyx 4* -fid : lobes ovate and shortly apiculated ;
ovary 4-locular : stigma minute. — Melastoma, Sw. M. glandulosum, Sw. Tetrazygia, Mac/.
H. octandrum, Mat f. ! Cremaniuin glandulosum, DC. Miconia glandnlosa, Naud. — A
shrub ; leaves 2i"-4" long, petioled, covered on the upper side by short, thick, scattered
bristles ; calyx-tube at length globose, a little longer than the lobes ; petals peach-coloured ;
anthers tubcrcled at the base on the anterior side ; neck of the ovary very short and soon
glahrescent.

a. Leaves rough with bristles above.

/3. lavius, leaves less rough, without bristles above, and with fewer hairs beneath ; calyx
smaller and exceeded by the clawed petals.

IIab. Jamaica!, Sw., Macf., AL, March, Wullschl. (/3), on the hills of the interior.

8. DIPLOCFIITA, DC.

(Jucunda, Cham. Pogonorrhynclms, Crueg. Miconia sect. Adenosma, Diplochita, et

Jucunda, Naud.)

Calyx campanulate : limb produced, spreading: teeth short, bluntish, or obsolete. An-
thers 10-12, beaked-subulate, inflexed towards the bottom of the calyx, opening with a sin-
gle terminal pore : cells connected. Ovary bearing a minute, deciduous down at the umbili-
cal top: upper margin thickened.— Trees or high shrubs, not hispid; leaves large : upper
side at length glabrous ; panicle terminal, trichotomous, with accessory inferior branch-
lets: flowers bracteate, clustered or arranged in umbelliform cymes; petals blunt.

32. D. Fothergilla, DC. Leaves ovate, acuminate, or pointed, 5-nerved, subenlire,
petioled, rusty-downy beneath, as arc the branelilets ; panicle constituted of umbelliform
cymes ; bracts obovate, large ; calyx glabrous at its throat; petals 5-6, glabrous; ovary 6-
3 - locular : stigma peltate. — Aubl. t. 175. Bonpl. Mel. t. 32, 33. — Melastoma Tomonea, Sw.

252

MELASTOMACExE

Diploch. Swartziana, DC. D. florida, DC. ap. Crueg. ! D. rosea, Macf. Micouia Fother-
gilla , Naud. — A tree, ' 10-50' high; leaves 3"-6" long; pedicels 3-6, bibractcate at the
top ; calyx-tube somewhat furrowed : teeth roundish or obsolete ; petals white and tinged
with crimson, or sometimes rosy ; anthers bitubercled at the base on the anterior side ;
seeds pyramidal. — Hab. Jamaica !, Macf., Pd., Al., Wils., in mountain woods to 4000' alt. ,
Dominica !, Imr. ; S. Vincent !, Guild. ; Trinidad !, Sieb. Trin. GO ; Cr. ; [Portorieo !, French

islands ! ; Mexico to Brazil !j.

33. D. mucronata, DC.
with oppressed down beueath ;

Leaves oval, cuspidate, 5-plinerved, subentire, petioled, rusty
ucuuauu , panicle with clustered flowers; bracts obovate, large; calyx
ciliate at the throat ; petals 5-6, glabrous ; ovary usually 4-locular : stigma minute, blunt.—
Bonpl. Mel. t. 18. Mart. Nov. Gen. t. 274.— D. bracteata, DC. Miconia mucronata, Naud.
— A small tree, 20'-30' high ; leaves 4"-8" long ; flowers subsessile, bibracteate ; calyx-tube
not furrowed : teeth ovate, bluutish, deciduous ; petals white, fragrant ; anthers bitubercled
at the base on the anterior side. — Hab. Trinidad ! ; [Guiana! to equatorial Brazil !].

34. I.>. serrulata, DC. Leaves ovate or elliptical-oblong, 3-5 -nerved, crenate, pe-
tioled, rusty-downy beneath, as are the branchlets ; pauicle with clustered flowers ; bracts
smaller than the calyx ; calyx-tube furrowed; petals o— 6, tomentose on the outside; ovaiy
4-5-locular : stigma thickened, blunt. — Miconia, Naud. M. argentea, DC. M. elata, DC.
— Melastoma acinodendron, L. ex Sloan, sec. hb. B/cs. M. argentea, Sw.I : a hoary foim.
M. elata, Sw.t : the common, rusty form. — A tree, 30'-40' high: branchlets compressed;
leaves 4''-12" long, 3 "-4" broad, ’densely and deeply crenate, variable in the shape and
down ; flowers subsessile; bracts ovate, deciduous ; calyx-teeth very short, loundish or ob-
solete ; anthers bitubercled at the base on the anterior side.

a Leaves ovate, blunt, with a point, minutely cordate at the base, 5-nerved.

0. leucocephala, DC. Leaves elliptical-oblong, more or less pointed, blunt at the base,
3-5-nerved rusty-glaucous and less downy beneath. Decaraphe Hostmanm, Steud. .

An arborescent shrub, 20'-30' high ; leaves 3"-6" long, 2"-3'? broad ; petals white.-- This
is the common continental form. — Hab. Jamaica!, Al. (a), in mountain woods ; Trinidad.,
Sell, (a) ; Cr. (0) ; [Cuba ! (a), S. Thomas ; Mexico to Guiana ! and Brazil !].

35. D. parviflora, Benth. ! Leaves oval, cuspidate, 3 -nerved, subentire, petioled, rusty
or whitish beneath with a very short, appressed down; panicle with clustered flowers ;
bracts oblong-linear, half the length of the calyx-tube ; petals 5 glabrous ; ovary 3-locu ar :
stigma minute. — D. caudata, Crueg. ( non DC.). Miconia vertxcilliflora, Steud ap.Laud.

A shrub 1S-30' high ; leaves 3"-15" long ; branches of the panicle crowded, and div.ded
like a corymb : flowers subsessile, bibracteate : bracts blunt, deciduous ; calyx-tube some-
what furrowed, about IV" long, scarcely longer than the limb : teeth very short, roundish,
deciduous; authers produced into a short, blunt spur on the posterior, and somewhat glan-
dular at the base on the anterior side.- LIab. Trinidad!, Loclch., Sch., in mountain wooda ,
[Guiana !].

36. B. sessilifolia, Gr. Leaves large, elliptical-oblong or spathulate, protracted at
the base and clasping, conspicuously tripli-guintuplinerved, entire, rusty -cinnamon “ glau-
cous, beneath with a very short, appressed down; panicle loose, with 2-3 -flowered clusters ,
calyx-tube tomentose, not furrowed; petals 5, glabrous; ovary 3-locnlar: stigma mmute,

i.illT1j. piulcn Phut t. 249 . f. 2: a single leaf from Guiana. — Melastoma sessilifolia, L.

]» t*cl sg^Br tnf Miconia PlukLtii, iW.-A tree; leaves S"-24" long, some-
what wavy^t the cuneate or blunt base : the lateral nerves in the bipedal leaf separating
about 3" above the base ; panicle often 1' long : inferior branches ascending, elongated, ra-
cemiform ; flower-heads bibracteate and lateral flowers bibracteolate, the central oue i cbrac-
teolate • bracts oblong, bracteoles oblong-linear, equalling the calyx-tube ; enlyx-teeth lan-
ceolate, bluntish, deciduous; petals white ; anthers densely glandular at tl^ base on the
anterior side ; seeds angular, with the testa loose, rugose.— Hab. lrimdad !, LocUi., Cr.,
moist woods; [Guiana]. . , .

shortiy“k*olTdencm.!piciS above, rough with stellate

16.-Mda8to.na, Bonpl. Miconia, DC. M. brunuca, DC. Jucunda tomentosa, Benth.

MELASTOMACEfE.

253

Pogonorrhynchus scssilis, Crueg. ! P. amplexnns, Cr. / : a form with the leaf-base auricled
and the auricles elaspiug. — A tree, 30' high, but reduced sometimes to low, shrubby
forms ; branches and panicle tomentose with stellate down ; leaves 6"-24" long, turning
black in drying above, with a greyish or rusty persistent down beneath : the lateral nerves
separating above the cuueate base ; panicle racemiform : bracteoles short, deciduous ; calyx-
tube campanulatc, produced beyond the ovary : teeth short, rounded, with a tubercle on the
outside; petals white, with blue filaments and red anthers; anthers densely glandular at
the base on the anterior side ; berry blue : seeds angular, with the testa somewhat rugose. —
IIab. Trinidad !, Cr. ; [Guiana!, where it is common; Brazil!].

9. CONOSTEGIA, Don; Navel. ( l . c. 16. p. 105).

Calyx operculate : closed operculum falling away from the truncate, cupuliform tube. An-
thers 10-subindefinite, oblong, indexed above the ovary, opening with a single terminal
pore : cells distinct below the top. Ovary adherent, crowned with a glabrous neck, encir-
cling the base of the style : stigma capitate. Seeds obovate. — Shrubs or trees, usually not
hispid ; leaves petioled ; panicle terminal.

* Panicle simply divided ; flowers large.

38. C. procera, Don. Glabrous; leaves elliptical-oblong, subtriplinerved ; primary
branches of the panicle 3-1-flowered, with the lateral pedicels jointed at the middle ;
operculum cortical and abruptly pointleted : the point bluntish ; petals 6-5, obliquely obo-
vate, twice the length of the calyx-tube ; anthers 18-10 : connective with a minute tubercle
on the back above the base.— Bonpl. Mel. t. 51. — Melastoma, Sw. I — A tree, according to
Swartz and Purdie 40'-50' high, but much varying in growth; leaves 2"-5" long, entire:
axils of nerves somewhat bearded ; calyx, before its opening, 6"'-8'" long ; petals’ rosy or
white; ovary 6-9-locular. — A remarkable variety exists in the form of a twining shrub, on
which Dr. Alexander remarks : “ Though in a dried state impossible to distinguish, yet, as
they grow, the one is like a Horse-Chestnut, the other twining round trees and bushes like a
Woodbine.” This latter I believe I recognize in specimens collected by Mr. March, and
would characterize thus : —

0. Balbisiana, DC. Leaves oval and blunt with a point ; calyx shorter (5'" long) : oper-
culum blunt (without the point of a) ; stigma smaller, not exceeding in breadth the thickened
style. — C. gloriosa, Macf., seems to be a form with narrower leaves.

Hab. Jamaica !, all coll., in mountain woods.

39. w. rufescens, Naud. Branchlets and panicle covered with a rusty , mealy down ;
leaves elliptical-oblong, tapering and cuspidate, triplinerved ; primary branches of the pa-
nicle 3-7-flowered, with the pedicels shorter than the flowers and without articulation ; calyx
rusty : operculum conical , bluntish ; petals 6, obliquely obovate, about the length of (he
calyx-tube; anthers 18 or fewer .— C. fonnosa, Macf.—k shrub, about 12' high : branchlets
obtuse-angled ; leaves 3"-4" long, obsoletely crenate or entire ; calyx, before its opening
3 -5 " long ; ovary 6-locular : stigma peltate.— Hab. Jamaica !, Pd., in woods of the eastern
districts.

40. C. subhirsuta, DC. Branchlets and panicle covered with a setose down ; leaves
elliptical or elliptical-oblong, pointleted, triplinerved; panicle corymbiform : divisions 3 -7-
flowercd : pedicels shorter than the flowers and without articulation ; calyx glabrescent ■
operculum convex, quite blunt; petals 10-6, obliquely obovate; anthers 20 or subindefinite
—Melastoma arborescens, Sieb.Mart. 119! {non Aubl). — A shrub, 10'— 1 6' high • branchlets
subcompressed ; leaves 4"-10" long, obsoletely creuate or entire ; calyx before its opening
nearly globose or obovate, 3"'-4'" diom. ; petals white ; ovary 20-12-locular : stigma peltate
—Hab. Jamaica!, Waters, in mountain woods; Dominica!, Imr. ; Trinidad) Pd. Cr.-
[Cuba, French islands ! ; Mexico, New Granada],

** Panicle compound ; flowers smaller.

41. C. superba, Naud. Glabrous; leaves ovale or oval, subtriplinerved; secondary
branches of the panicle ending with a 3-5-flowcrcd, umbelliform cyme : the pedicels equal-
ling the flower ; operculum continuous with the calyx-tube, conical, pointed; petals 5-6,

254

MELASTOMACEJL

obliquely obovate, the length of the calyx-tube ; anthers 12-18. — C. glabra, Macf. ! C. alter-
nifolia, Macf. — An arborescent shrub : branches obtuse-angled ; leaves bluntish at the pointed
top, obsoletely denticulate or entire, of unequal growth in the pair : the larger ones 6"-8"
long, their opposite ones usually 2-3 times smaller, sometimes wanting : the leaf-ribs lined
beneath with some lateral hairs ; calyx before its opening 2,"-3'" long, ellipsoidal ; petals
white; ovary 5-locular. — Hab. Jamaica !, Macf, Wils., in woods.

42. C. calyptrata, Bon. Glabrous; leaves oblong or elliptical-oblong, subtriplinerved;
secondary branches of the panicle ending with a 3-7-flowered cyme: the pedicels unequal;
operculum somewhat protruding over the constricted calyx-tube, conical, mucronate ; petals
5, elliptical, about the length of the calyx-tube ; anthers about 15.- — Bonpl. Mel. t. 46. —
An arborescent shrub with tetragonal branches ; leaves 3"-8" long, bluntish at the poiutleted
top, subentire ; the lateral and longer pedicels about the length of the flower ; calyx before
its opening 3'" long : the operculum about double the length of the tube ; petals white ;
ovary 7-8-locular. — Hah. Montserrat, Dominica!, Irnr., S. Vincent!, Guild., in mountain
woods ; [French islands !].

43. C. montana, Bon. Branchlets covered with a whitish, mealy down; leaves ellip-
tical, bluntish at the pointleted top, tripli-quintuplinerved ; panicle corymbiform : pedicels of
the secondary branches unequal, short ; operculum somewhat protruding over the semiglo-
bose calyx-tube, convex-conical, bluntish ; petals 5—6, obovate, exceeding in length the calyx-
tube ; anthers about 15 or less. — Melastoma, Sw. ! C. alpina, Macf. — A shrub, 10,-2; high,
with tetragonal branches ; leaves subentire, 3"-5" long and sometimes larger, the two oppo-
site ones often of unequal growth ; pedicels 3— 5-nate, the central reduced and the lateral
ones shorter than the flower ; calyx before its opening 2fn long : the operculum a little
longer than the tube; petals white; ovary 5-locular. — Hah. .Jamaica !, Sw., in mountain
woods.

10. TETRAZYGIA, Rich, reform.; Naad. (/. c. 15.;). 342, exclus. sp.).
(Naudinia, Rich. Cub. Harrera, Macf. Miconiastrum, Naucl. Miconise sect. Laeeraria, Na.ud)

Calyx campanulate : tube contracted at the top ; limb produced, spreading, with the teeth
short, bluntish, or wanting. Anthers 8-10 (-12), beaked-subulate, intlexed above the ovary,
opening with a single terminal pore : cells connected. Ovary adherent, crowned by a gla-
brous, denticulate neck, encircling the base of the style : style long-exserted, with the stigma
minute. — Low trees or shrubs, not hispid ; leaves petioled, at length glabrous above, often
whitish with scaly or tomentose down beneath ; panicle terminal : cymes corymbiform, with
the flowers stalked and the bracteoles minute or none ; petals obovate.

Sect. 1. Eutetrazygia. — Calyx-limb regularly divided or subentire. Pedicels neither
jointed nor bearing bracts at the fop.— Branchlets, panicle and under side of leaves whitish
with scaly or powdery down.

44. T. angustiflora, Gr. Leaves elliptical or elliptical-lanceolate, abruptly taper-
pointed, triplinerved, whitened beneath by oppressed stellate down or scales ; panicles race-
miform ; calyx-tube 2-3 times as long as the limb : teeth 5, roundish or obsolete ; anthers
10 • pore turned outwards on the obliquely truncate top; ovary 3-locular.— Bot. Mag. t.
4383.— Diplochita, Benth. ! Miconiastrum Lambertianum, Naud. T. elreagnoides, Hook,
(non BC.). Harrera gerascanthoides, Macf — A low tree, 20 high, remarkable for the white,
powdery dowu of the branchlets and the inflorescence ; leaves 3 -5 long, variable in breadth,
bluntish at the tapering point, entire: petiole 1" long ; panicle oblong : the primary branches
terminated by 5-7 -flowered, corymbiform cymes ; flowers white, large, but with a narrow
calyx ; petals' 5 (“ rarely 4,” Macf), white, 4"'-5m long, obovate or obovate-oblong pointed
or bluntish; anthers yellow, slightly biauriculated at the base on the anterior side; style
crimson ; berry “ black.”

a. Leaves whitish beneath with stellate down. . . ,,

B. arrn/rophylla. Leaves elliptical-lauceolate, leprous with a scaly epidermis beneath.
Rich. Cub. t. 44 bis: wrong in certain analytical details, as for instance the bristles ou
the ovary, ascribed by Richard to his genus Naudinia , but which do not; in reality exist.—
Naudinia argyrophylla, Rich. N. chrysophylla, Rich. : this appears to be the less caudicaut

M1LAST0MACE2E.

255

form of the same, the seeds being simply clavate-conical in the common silver-coloured
type. ITarrera trinervis, Mac/. ! — A shrub, 5-10' high : the branchlets covered with
scales, which at lengtli becoming loosened and torn, give the appearance of a powdery down,
but less regularly stellate than in a ; the leprous under side of the leaves either white or
pale glaucous, sometimes passing into stellate down ; flowers shortly stalked ; petals white,
usually 5 (“ 4-6,” Rich.) ; berry “ purple.”

Hab. Jamaica ! (a and 0) : all coll., in mountain-woods and valleys ; Bahamas 1, Swains. ;
[Cuba !, Haiti !, Mexico !].

45. T. elseagnoides, DC. Leaves elliptical-lanceolate or lanceolate, sharply taper-
pointed, trinerved, whitened beneath by tomentose down; panicle corymbiform, loose;
calyx-tube tw ice as long as the limb : teeth 4, roundish or obsolete, usually exceeded by an
exterior subulate appendage ; anthers 8 : pore minute, turned outwards ; ovary 4-locular. —
Vahl, Ic. Amer. t. 28. Bonpl. Mel. t. 13. — Melastoma, Sw. I Tetraz. laxitlora, Naud. ! :
a slender form, with richer, sometimes racemiform panicle ( Linden , Ouh. 2094, 2026). —
A shrub ; the down less appressed, and the leaves narrower than in the preceding species ;
petals 4, rosy or white, 3'"-4'" long, obovate-oblong or oblong. — Hab. Caribbean Islands ;
[Cuba! to Martinique],

46. T. discolor, DC. Leaves ovate or ovate-lanceolate, sharply pointleted, subtripli-
nerved, white beneath, with appressed, scaly down ; panicle corymbiform, contracted, many-
flowered ; calyx-tube as long as the limb : teeth 4, roundish (sometimes pointed) ; anthers
8 : yore lamed inwards on the bhmtish or transversely truncate, inflexed top ; ovary 4-lo-
cular.— Jacq. Amer. Piet. t. 125. Vahl, Eel. t. 7. Bonpl. Mel. t. 34. — Melastoma, L.
M. acuminata, Vahl. M. ekeagnoides, Sieb. Trin. 61 1 — A low shrub ; leaves entire, the
same size as in T. angustijlora, but flowers densely crowded, fastigiate and much smaller, the
calyx being 2'" long and the petals even less •. these oval, whitish ; berry 2"' diam., blue ;
seeds obovate, somewhat angular.

a Branchlets leprous ; leaves quite entire.

0. villosa. Branchlets, panicle, and petioles villous, with hairs forked at the top ; leaves
serrulate (or sometimes entire).

Hab. S. Kitts !, Montserrat, Dominica 1, Imr. (0 ) ; S. Vincent !, Guild., in mountain
woods ; [French islands 1, Sieb. Mart. 1171-

Sect. 2. Laceraiiia. Calyx-limb irregularly torn: pieces 2—3 ; pedicels pointed, bearing
two minute bracts at the toy. — Shrubs, wholly glabrous; branchlets cylindrical.

47- T. cornifolia, Gr. Leaves ovate-lanceolate or lanceolate, taper-pointed, subtripli-
nerved, entire, glabrous ; panicle spreading; calyx-tube furrowed, a little longer than the
torn limb ; anthers 10: pore turned inwards on the transversely truncate, curved top;
ovary 3-locular. — Bonpl. Mel. t. 41. — Conostegia, Ser. Miconia, Naud. — A shrub ; leaves
1 '-go long; petals white, obovate, about 3'" long, equalling the length of the calyx, but ex-
ceeded by the stamens ; anthers tumid at the base.— Hab. S. Vincent !, Guild. ; [Marti-
nique!].

48. T. semicrenata, Gr. Leaves ovate or lanceolate, produced into a narrow, taper-
ing point, sub-3-nerved, sinuate-dentate or crenate-repand towards the middle part, glabrous ;
panicle spreading; calyx-tube furrowed, twice the length of the torn limb; anthers 10:
yore turned inwards on the transversely truncate, curved top ; ovary 3-locular. — Bonpl.
Mel. 1. 31— Melastoma acuminatum, Sieb. ! Mart. 116 {non Vahl). M. adpressum, Prl.
rind. Conostegia semicrenata, Ser. Micouia, Naud. — A shrub; leaves variable, 6"-l"
long, 3 broad; petals white, of the same size and proportions as in the preceding,
nearly allied species ; anthers biauriculated at the base on the anterior side. — Hab Domi-
nical, Imr., S. Vincent!, Guild. ; [Cuba 1, French islands!].

11. MICONIA, R.P. reform.

(Miconia, sect. Eumiconia, Baud, exclus. sp. Glossoccntrnm, Crueg. Pachyanthus, Rich.

Sarcomeris, Naud. Ilartigia, Miq.)

Calyx turbinate, semiglobose or shortly campanulate : limb reduced ; teeth short, blnnt-
ish or obsolete. Anthers 10-8 (-12), oblong-linear and usually tapering towards the top

256

MELASTOMACElE.

(rarely broader), indexed above the ovary, opening with one or two pores : eells connected
or rarely distinct. Ovary adherent, convex and umbilicated at the glabrous top. — Shrubs
or trees, not hispid ; panicle terminal: flowers usually sessile ; petals blunt.

Sect. 1. Eumiconia. — Anthers oblong -linear, tapering towards the one-pored or parti-
tioned top : cells connected. — Panicle tricbotomous or contracted: ultimate branches with
clustered or serial flowers.

§ Panicle trichotomous.

f Seeds pyramidal, with the embryo usually infiexed.

* Leaves whitened beneath.

49. M. argyrophylla, PC. Tetragonal branches and under side of the leaves hoary
with a very short appressed down ; leaves elliptical-oblong, trinerved, glabrous above, sil-
very beneath, petioled ; panicle -trichotomous, hoary : flowers serial ; calyx-tube furrowed ;
anthers 10 : filaments indexed in the bud ; ovary 3-locular : stigma minute. — Sloan. 1. 198.
f. 1. Mart. Nov. Gen. t. 284. — M. holosericea, Steud. 1 in PI. Hostm. ( non PC.). M.
holosericea, a, Crueg. /—A tall shrub, usually about 20' high, but variable in growth ; leaves
4"-l 2" loug, pointed, minutely denticulated or subeutire; bracts minute, subulate; calyx-
tube shortly campanulate, at length globose : teeth shortly ovate, blunt ; petals white or
flesh-coloured, obovate ; connective bitubercled at the base on the anterior and tumid on the
posterior side. — IIab. Jamaica (SI.), Barbadoes ; Trinidad!, Loclch., Cr., Pd., in savan-
nahs and woods; [S. Thomas; Mexico! to Guiana!, Brazil! and Bolivia].

50. TIL. holosericea, PC. Compressed-cylindrical branches and under side of the
leaves hoary, with a short, appressed, white down ; leaves ovate-oblong, or elliptical-oblong,
subcordate at the base, subtriplinerved, petioled, shining glabrous above, silvery beneath ;
panicle trichotomous, hoary: flowers serial; calyx-tube furrowed; anthers 10; filaments
nodding in the bud ; ovary 3-locular : stigma funnel-shaped. — Bonpl. Mel. t. 23, 24. —
Melastoma, L. M. albicans, Sw. Miconia detergibilis, PC. M. rufescens, Macf. M.
holosericea, 0, montana, Crueg. ! — A shrub, 4'-12' high ; leaves 4"-6" long, bluntish or
pointleted, subentire ; bracts minute, deciduous ; calyx-tube ovate, at length globose : teeth
minute or obsolete ; petals white ; anthers biauricled at the base ; berry blue. — Hab. Jamai-
ca!, all coll., to Trinidad!, Lockh., Sch., Cr., common iu all the West Indian islands, in
savannahs and thickets; [Veraguas ! to Peru! and Bolivia, Venezuela, Guiana!, Brazil !].

** Leaves not white with down beneath.

51. M. impetiolaris, Bon. Branches rusty -downy ; leaves obovate-oblong, pointed,
or blunt, auricled at the subsessile or very shortly petioled base, triplinerved, at leugth gla-
brous above, rusty-downy beneath ; panicle trichotomous, spreading : primary branches in-
terruptedly spiciform, with clustered flowers ; calyx-tube at length obsoletely furrowed ; an-
thers 10 ; ovary 3-locular : stigma minute. — Bonpl. Mel. t. 29. — Melastoma, Sw. ! Mico-
nia macrophylla, Macf.—k shrub, about 8' high, variable iu the base of. the leaves, which
are either stem-clasping or very shortly (l'"-2"') petioled, the lateral ribs always proceeding
from above the base of the midrib, easily recognized by its large (8"-12" long) leaves, nar-
rowing towards their small auricles ; calyx-tube shortly campanulate, rusty-downy : teeth mi-
nute or obsolete; petals white, l"'-2"' long ; anthers bitubercled at the base; berry blue. —
I-Iab. Jamaica !, Macf., Pist., M‘Nab, Pd., Al., in damp mountain-woods ; [Guadeloupe !,
S. Thomas; Venezuela, Panama!, Ecuador!, equat. Brazil!].

52. M. splendens, Gr. Branches rusty-downy; leaves elliptical or elliptical-oblong,
bluntish, narrowed at the petioled base, triplinerved, glabrous above, glabresceut beneath ;
panicle trichotomous, spi'eading, terminated by corymbiform cymes: ultimate clusters 3—1 -
flowered; calyx-tube not furrowed ; anthers 10; ovary 3-locular : stigma funnel-shaped.— -
Plum t. 140 sec. Siv.: bad. — Melastoma, Sw. I Cremaniuin, Macf. Miconia obovalis,
Naud. M. elliptiea, Macf.—k shrub; leaves 6"-8" long, crenulate or repand : petiole
scarcely long usually winged upwards ; calyx-tube ovate, powdery : teeth minute or
obsolete; petals white, 'l"'-2'" long; anthers biauricled at the base; berry blue.— Hab.
Jamaica!, Sw., Macf, Pd., Al. ; Dominical, Imr., in mountain woods.

MELAST0MACE7E.

257

53. M. prasina, DC. Leaves ylahrous, oblong or elliptical-oblong, acuminate or point-
leted, triplinerved, petioled ; panicle trichotomous, powdery : flowers clustered or shortly
serial; calyx-tube at length furrowed ; anthers 10; ovary 3 (-4) -locular : stigma thickened,
blunt. — Melastoma, Sic. M. trinervium et quinqucncrvinrn, Salem.. PI. Bah. ! Miconia
atteuuata, DC., Crueg. ! M. collina, DC. M macrophylla, Steud.l M. palustris, Macf.

A common shrub, 4'-25' high, variable in growth, texture, and margin of the leaves,
shape of calyx, and size of flower ; leaves 4"-8" long, usually somewhat leathery, subentire
or crenate-repand ; calyx-tube ovate ; petals whitish, V"—2'" long; anthers biauricled at the
base; berry blue or almost black.— Hab. Jamaica!, all coll., to Trinidad!, Or.; in woods
and open situations ; [Haiti ; Panama to Brazil !].

ft Seeds obovate, with the embryo straight.

54. M. laevigata, DC. Leaves glabrous or glabrescent, ovate-lanceolate, taper-pointed,
tnnervea, petioled; panicle trichotomous, powdery: flowers shortly serial; calyx-tube at
length furrowed ; anthers 10; ovary 3-locular: stigma \AwnL.~Aubl. t. 159. Burnt Mel t
MeL pyromidahs ( a denticulate form with small flowers)-, t. 35: Mel. pendulifolia
{t/ie same with larger flowers). -Mel. leevigata, Aubl. Miconia pyramidalis, nicotiamcfolia
pendiikfolia havanensis, tr.chotoma, ceanothina, DC. M. affinis, microcarpa, parviflora
Macf. A shrub usually 4'-10 high, extremely common in the West Indies, variable chiefly
m the margin of the leaves, the down, and the size and arrangement of the flowers- safely
to be distinguished from M prasina, DC., by the lateral leaf-ribs proceeding from the base
of the midrib; leaves 4 -10 long, entire or deuticulate; calyx-tube ovate; petals white or
flesh-coloured, 1 -3 long; connective biauncled at the base on the anterior, tubercled on
the posterior side ; berry black.-HAB. Jamaica ! to Trinidad !, all coll., Sieb. Tr. 67 every-
where in all the islands ; [Cuba ! and Mexico ! to Panama ! and Guiana], ’ *

, °a\ ^ myrlantka’ nth- Leaves glabrous above, glabrescent beneath, oblong-
lanceolate, taper-pointed, tnnerved, petioled ; panicle spreading, many-flowered, powdei-y

: ult!mate/0K,era shortly pedicellate ,- calyx-tube not furrowed ; anthers 10;
ovary 3-locular: stigma minute, blunt— M. tristis, Spring! M. depauperata Gardn '

falzm^BahT’ fi/ co]1~’ Crue9-> Melastoma pendulum,
Salzm. PI. Bah. ! A shrub 8 -10' high; leaves 4"-5" long, black in drying rounded at

while3?'" ieUtlle 'l I)etfe m “4 l0ng; calyx-tube ovate, powdery: teeth minute ; petals
1 1<)ny ob°vate-ohlong equalling the length of the calyx ; anthers biauricled ft the

irrs. ‘ bS r m ‘“sih ■ ■" *** ».

§§ Panicle contracted, spicform. Seeds obovate.

oG. m. muUispicata, Naud. Branchlets, petioles, and under side of leaf-ribs tomen-
ose; leaves elliptical, pointleted, rounded at the base, subtriplinerved, with the exception of
t le under side of the ribs glabrous ; panicle contracted, interrupted below • clusters of flow

l0!/?1™3?' redUCed branches; c^x"tube not furrowed, hoary-^ vny Shers To'

itw-CSIS ™rj 3Jrlar! "»*» UASJ? Li,:
.vate , t* Lzs.w js&et S 1 ?*;

partitioned; ovarv 3-4-loeuHr • i s,’, 1U, with the terminal pore

Naud. M spData Marfl CcJ^ W]U,t— Melastoma, Sw. ! Miconia hexaptera,

1 . spicaia, macj . I Liemamum tnnerve, Macf — A shrub fi'-R' hin-h , i,,

younger branches tetragonal • leaves (>"-19" i, , 31 ” ° high, with the

teeth minute or obsolete” petals" oval while ”3, ^ Cm'n ? “ ®ubentirei cal.vx'

presents the ovary crowned by a neck encircling th, hnaf Tfi “ iT T ! fol1iowinS 0MC>
is not observable in M , enc" cl ng the base of the style : but as this structure

character.— Hab. Jamaica \ *p/ MWab^Al m-y ed .to this> “°. reliance can be put on flic
nmica i, ra,., m Nab, Al., mis., in mountain thickets.

ur uracea, C„ . Branchlets and petioles rusty -tomentose with furfurneoous

268

MELAST0MACE2E.

down ; leaves oval or ovate, bluntish, rounded at the base, subtriplinerved, glabrous, glabre-
scent on the ribs beneath j panicle contracted, interrupted : clusters of flowers 3-1-flowercd
on the 'primary branches and equalling them; calyx-tube obsoletely furrowed, glabrescent;
petals clawed ; anthers 10, with the terminal pore not partitioned; ovary' . . . stigma mi-
nute.—Melastoma, Vahl. — Leaves 6"-8" long, papery, entire or repand : petiole l"-2 long ;
panicle shorter than the leaves : the axis rusty-tomentose ; calyx campanulate, 3 -4 long :
the limb entire or obsoletely lobed ; anthers without appendages at the base : cells exceeding
the connective— Bonpland’s Melastoma cordato-ovalis {Mel. t. 49), a species neglected by
subsequent authors, gives an idea of the habit of our plant, though differing in its more
compound inflorescence. — Hab. Dominica !, Imr.

Sect. 2. Arrhenotoma. — Anthers ovate-oblong : cells separated by a longitudinal furroto :
pores 2, terminal. — Panicle corymbiform, with the central flowers stalked.

59. M. angustifolia, Gr. Leaves linear-lanceolate, acuminate, trinerved, glabrescent
above, white beneath with powdery down, as are the branchlets ; primary branches of the
panicle 7-3 -flowered : the alar flowers as long as their pedicel ; calyx-tube not furrowed,
powdery: anthers 8, nodding; ovary 4-locnlar : stigma minute.— Vahl, Ic.Amer. i. 2b.
Bonnl.Mel. t. 10— Melastoma, Sw. Tetrazygia, DC.— A shrub; leaves 1-i - long,
crowded, entire; petiole 2"'-6"' long; panicle shorter than the uppermost eaves; calyx
about 1"' long : tube ovate : teeth triangular ; petals whitish, equalling the length ot the
calyx ; • style exserted.— Hab. Jamaica (Sw.) ; Montserrat, Dominica Imr. ; Irinida .,
Sieb.Tr. 127; Lockh. ; [French islands] .

Sect. 3. Hartigia. — Anthers oblong:, cells separated by a longitudinal furrow : pore par-
titioned or single , anterior on the obliquely truncate top. Seeds obovate.-- Panicle in-
terrupted, subcontracted : flowers serial, on subscorpioid branchlets; bracts blunt, binged ,
stigma included.

60. M. racemosa, DC. Leaves glabrous or glabrescent, elliptical or oblong trinerved
ciliate petioled ; panicle interrupted : flowers unilateral on the branchlets ; calyx-tube at
length ^furrowed f anthers 10, with the pore partitioned ; .ovary ^ 3 (-5) -locular : stigma pmi-
uate—Bonpl. Mel. t. 27. — Melastoma, Aubl., Mey. FI. Bsseq. Hartigia spectabilis - q.
Mic circumsecta, verticillata, et serrulata, Macf.—k shrub, 8 -10 ! high, very variable m
the form of the leaves : branchlets obtuse-angled, at length cylindrical very glabrous, but
nsuaUy^etose at the nodes; leaves 4"-6" long, papery polished (but the nerves impressed
on the upper and prominent on the under side), denticulate or repand; calyx-tube semiglo-
bose glaMous teHh minute ; petals white or red, l"'-2"' long : anthers tumid at the base ;

berry purple or black.

J SirSllCI Letves111 oblonSnceolate, usually bluntish on both ends.-DoapZ. Mel.
t. 28. — Hartigia oblongifolia, Miq. Micon. calophylla, Crueg.l— the common, W est In-

^hIT Jamaica!, Pd., Al., to Ti-inidadl, Lockh., Sch Pd., Gr., in open and woody situ-
ations; [Haiti and Mexico to Guiana!, Brazil! and Peru].

61 IVI lacera, Naud. Branches bearded; leaves ovate or oblong-lanceolate, trinerved,
crenale ciliate and with scattered hairs on the surface, petioled ; panicle mterrup ed
bearded and downy: flowers unilateral on the branchlets; calyx-tube not furrmeed . li
spreading, with the duplicated teeth triangular and

10-1 2 ; ovary 3(-6)-locular : sti?ma mmu e .-BonpL Mgt.J- the

calyx-tube semiglobose; petals white, 1 2 long, exc . • Mexico! to

Hab. Trinidad !, Loclch., Pd„ Cr., in open and moist situations, [Martmiq ,

Ecuador! and cquat. Brazil !]. ^

12. EURYCIHENIA, Gr.

(Miconice sp., DC., Naud)

Calyx turbinate or semiglobose: limb reduced; teeth short, bluntish or obsolete. An-

MELASTOMACEiE.

259

thers 10, obovate, without appendages, hanging from the deeply iuflexed filament above the
ovary : cells connected, opening with a large, anterior, longitudinal fissure, reaching almost
to the base, and common to both of them : connective produced into a very short tail, con-
tinuous with the filament. Ovary adherent, depressed and glabrous at the top. Berry
3 (-4) -locular : cells dispermous. Seeds large, triangular: rhaphe enlarged; embryo in-
dexed, with the cotyledons plaited. — Shrubs not hispid, with a rusty down; panicles termi-
nal, and accessory ones from the axils : flowers clustered or fascicled ; petals blunt.

62. E. punctata, Gr. Lenves lanceolate, acuminate, triplinerved, glabrous above, golden-

rusty with leprous down beneath ; panicle rustv-lcprous : flowers clustered or shortly serial ;
anthers exceeded by the style ; stigma funnel-shaped, truncate. — Bonpl. Mel. t. 40 : the
fructiferous state, in which the berries appear stalked, only one in the cluster being developed.
—Miconia, Bon. M. discolor, Macfl.! M. fulva, Crueg.! ( non BC.). — A shrub, about Q'
high, with the compressed branchlets leprous ; leaves long, with a metallic lustre and

usually dark-coloured dots beneath, tapering into the petiole, subentire or crenulate : petiole
2 "-4 '' long ; panicle pyramidal, exceeded by the leaves : primary branches racemiform,
spreading, rather rigid, secondary ones equalling the flower-clusters; calyx turbinate,
rusty-leprous, V" long, half the length of the style; petals whitish, roundish, scarcely V"
long. — Hab. Jamaica!, Macfl, A/., in mountain woods; Trinidad !, Or. ; [Haiti; Para,
Spruce'] .

63. E. fulva, Gr. ( n . sp.). Leaves ovate or oblong, poiutleted, with a narrow point,
tri nerved or subtriplinerved, glabrous above, rough with scattered stellate down, and rusty-
tomeutose on the ribs beneath or glabrescent ; panicle rusty-tomentose or powdery : flowers
shortly stalked, ternate. — An arborescent shrub, 25,-30' high, with the branchlets com-
pressed, rusty-tomentose ; leaves 6"-10" long, concolor and when dried rusty on both
sides, variable in breadth, bluntish at the base, subentire : petiole thick, 4',,-8,,, long, and
ribs prominent beneath; panicles pyramidal, slender, terminal and axillary, stalked, exceeded
by the leaves : primary branches racemiform ; pedicels V" long, equalling the berry ; berry
globose, 3-locular, with longitudinal, distaut ridges : cells dispermous ; seeds shining, black,
convex on the back, flat and keeled on the ventral side, almost as long as the cells"— Hab.

1 rim dad !, Lockh., Pd., in mountain woods.

Miconia ferruginea, DC., of Haiti, is probably a third species of this genus, the
anthers of which Naudin has described as agreeing with our generic character "(“antheris
obovatis, poro maximo fere in rimam producto hiantibus”). According to Naudin’s de-
scription, it only differs in having tetragonal branches, dentate leaves, and longer pedi-
cels. Mic. astralasia, DC., is perhaps a synonym. It seems to occur in Jamaica, as
lrom M l'adyen s description (“ anthers opening by a longitudinal fissure, being widest at
he apex ; pedicels in length”) his Chcenopleura stelligera from Portland woods is pro-
;ably the same plant, though the berry be described by him as many-seeded : it must, how-
ever not be confounded with the similar Mic. rubiginosa, DC., collected by Sir R. Schom-
burgk in Haiti, which is a true Miconia.

13. CIHENOPLEL' It A, Crueg. ( non Rich.).

Calyx semiglobose : limb reduced : teeth rounded or obsolete. Anthers 10, obovate,
anging from the deeply iuflexed filament above the ovary : cells connected, opening with a
arge, anterior, longitudinal fissure, common to both of them : connective produced into a
s ender tail, continuous with the filament, aud somewhat auricled at the base. Ovary adhe-

/W,Cr0"iT'r ",th ai g!ao'0,!S’ dc,'ticllkte n(=ck, 3-locular : ovules in each cell indefinite.
Berry small, furrowed. Seeds angular : embryo indexed, with the cotyledons plaited” (Or.).

rccs, not hispid: branchlets tetragonal ; leaves large, sometimes whorled ; panicle ter-
serial ^ Somellmes axlllardJ’ verU compound: flowers very small, clustered or shortly

hnntt, °h- ^Crrueinea> Crueg. ! Branches, petioles, and under side of leaves rusty- or
™ i“i Wlth a vel7 sh?rt aPPressed down ; leaves elliptical-oblong, poiutleted, 3-5-
n ’ „ngn<u -V erenate; panicle trichotomous (or with whorled branches), pyramidal:
\ Z nr’ ,\TU1bcrlcfr«- *• 1- Bonpl. Mel. 1, 23.-Mclasto.na fulva, Bonpl.

1 1°?glif0.11la’ Naud- M- Ciucgcriana, Baud. — A tree, 30'-40' high ; leaves

12 long, rounded at the base, glabrous above: petiole l"-2" long; petals white, olio-

200

MELASTOMACEjE.

vate, long! berry yellow, 1'" diam. — Hab. Jamaica (SI.) ! ; Trinidad, Pd., Cr., in
mountain woods ; [Central America, Guiana, Brazil].

6B. Ch. longifolia, Or. Glabrous or glabrescent ; leaves oblong-lanceolate, acumi-
nate, tripli nerved, entire or repand, concolor ; panicle powdery, trichotomous, exceeded by
the uppermost leaves : flowers clustered. — Aubl. t. 170. — Melastoma, Aubl, Miconia, J)C.
M. Lambertiana, DC. M. longifolia, j3, Naud. — Leaves 4"-8" long, l"-3" broad, turning
black in drying, tapering at the base, quite glabrous, or the younger ones with a few scattered,
stellate hairs beneath : the lateral ribs separating only 1"' above the base. — The materials,
communicated by Mr. Crueger, are incomplete, and the flowers in too young a state to be
examined : but according to an original specimen, which I have compared in the British
Museum, Crueger’s determination of the species is correct. — Hab. S. Vincent ; Trinidad !,
Cr.; [Guiana 1, Brazil].

14. PLEUROCHiENIA, Gr.

(Miconke sp., Naud.)

Calyx campanulate: limb reduced: teeth bluntish. Anthers 10, ovoid-oblong, hanging
from the deeply indexed filament above the ovary : cells distinct, each bursting (before anthe-
sis) by a longitudinal fissure. Ovary adherent, crowned at the top with a glabrous neck, en-
circling the base of the style. Seeds pyramidal. — Shrubs, not hispid: brauchlets com-
pressed-tetragonal; leaves leathery, glabrous, petioled ; panicle terminal: peduncles arti-
culated at the top , 1 -few-flowered; berry not furrowed.

66. PI. rigida, Gr. Leaves rigid, ovate, bluntish at the top, subcordate at the base,
3-nerved; panicle loose, rusty -tomento se : branches corymbiform and peduncles si^gle-
flowered ; petals clawed ; ovary 3-locular : style thickish, with a minute stigma.-— Mela-
stoma Sw.l Cremanium, Macf.—k shrub, 4'-6' high ; leaves 3"-6" long, thick like those
of P achy mend; either pointed or rounded at the top, subentire, perfectly glabrous, hut
somewhat roughish on the margin and sometimes upon the under side of the ribs : petiole
rusty-tomentose, 8"'-2'" long ; calyx rusty-tomentose and glandular : teeth rounded ; petals
white, leathery, ovate, about the length of the calyx, 2a'" long ; anthers without append-
ages ; herry 3"'-4'" diam., crowned with the persistent calyx -limb. — Hab. Jamaica ., ou the
summit of the Blue Mountains, Macf., M‘Nab.

67. PI. quadrangularis, Gr. Leaves flexible, oblong -lanceolate, acuminate, rounded
or tapering at the base, 3-nerved ; panicle erect, glabrous: branches racemiform, rigid, and
peduncles bearing a single or three clustered, bracteolate flowers ; ovary 5 -locular: style
thickened upwards, with the stigma capitate.— Melastoma, Sw. ! Cremanium, DC. Mico-
nia Naud. : the analysis of the anther and the ovary incorrect. Chamopleura, Macf A
shrub 12' high; leaves 3i"-6" long, entire, with a narrow tapering point, paler beneath,
glabrous- petiole 6"'-18'" long, ribs reddish; calyx glabrous, 2 long: teeth triangular ;
petals oval, rather shorter than the length of the calyx, “ white, with a yellow tinge - an-
thers tubercled at the base on the posterior side; herry 2 diam., purple, pruiuose. Hab.
Jamaica 1, in the Blue Mountain range, Macf., Pd., Al., Wils., March.

15. OCTOPLEURA, Gr.

(Sagrsese sp., Naud)

Calyx shortly campanulate : limb reduced : teeth 4, short or obsolete. Anthers S, ellip-
tical-oblong, inflexed above the ovary, produced at the base into a short, conical spin . cells
distinct, each opening with a terminal pore. Ovary adherent, crowned at the top by a
glabrous furrowed neck. Berry 8-ribbed : ribs longitudinal, prominent. Seeds pyrami-
dal — \ ’ low shrub, not hispid; leaves petioled ; cymes corymbiform, axillary: pedicels
jointed at the top ; petals 4, bluntish at the taper-pointed top, Jormng a bluntly conical

^ This Sut peculiar to the hills of Jamaica, has the habit of some species of Cremanium
but is quite distinct from that genus by the structure of the stamens, forming an intermediate

link towards Miconia.

fio o micrantha, Gr. Branches and petioles powdery, glabrescent ; leaves glabrous,

emptied •l»lt “

MELAST0MACE7E.

2G1

minute stigma. — Melastoma, Sto. / Sagrcea neurocarpa, Naud. Ossrea micrantha, Mac/.
— A slender shrub, 2' high ; leaves 4"-6" long, comparatively large, membranaceous, shortly
tapering at both ends, crenulate-repand or subentire: petiole 8"'-12'" long; cymes tricho-
tomous, divaricated: pedicels shorter than the flower or equalling it, but by growth three times
louger thau the berry ; calyx 1"' loug, narrow ; petals equalling the length of the calyx,
white, with a red blot at the base ; berry 1'" diam., globose, “white,” greenish in a younger
state and then oetagonal by the paler-coloured ribs. — Hab. Jamaica], in the central and
western mountains ; Pd., A/., Wils., Wullschl., at 2000'.

16. CREMANIUM, Don, reform.

(Miconue sp., Naud. Ossane sp., DC.)

Calyx turbinate or semiglobose : limb reduced : teeth short, bluntish or obsolete. An-
thers 10-8-4, obovate, truncate, indexed above the ovary, tailed, opening with 4 or 2 termi-
nal pores, or the pores confluent into a single foramen : filaments jointed at the knee with the
deeply indexed, tapering tail ; cells subconnected above, without special furrow. Ovary ad-
herent, crowned with a glabrous neck or uuibilicated at the top. — Shrubs or low trees,
usually glabrous ; panicles or corymbiform cymes terminal or axillary : flowers minute :
pedicels jointed and bibracteolate at the top, or none ; petals 4-5, obovate, blunt.

This natural genus, erroneously characterized by the variable number of the pores of the
anther, is distinguished from Miconia by the peculiar tail of this organ, which often assumes
the shape of a connective, bearing the short cells on its upper part. The number of auther-
pores is differently described by different authors often in the same species : but the fact is,
that the very narrow dissepiments do not present the same growth in all flowers, and may
sometimes disappear with development : thus in the same panicle of C. rubens I observe 4
and 2 pores, and in other flowers the dissepiments evanescent.

* Cymes axillary or lateral.

69. C. virgatum, Gr. Glabrous ; leaves oblong-lanceolate, acuminate, triplinerved ;
cymes corymbiform, lateral : lateral pedicels slender, as loug as the flower ; anthers 8 : tail
without appendage ; stigma minute, blunt ; berry 4-locular, not ribbed.— Melastoma, Sw. !
Sagrrea, Mac/. Osssea purpurascens, Manf. 1 (an DC.?).— A low tree, 20-25' high, or
^ubby : b ranch! ets obtuse-augled, with the under side of leaf-ribs purple-coloured ; leaves
3 -6 long, 1 -11' broad, papery or somewhat leathery, polished above, denticulate or
entire: veins transverse ; petiole 6'"- 1 2'" loug; cymes l"-2" long, loose : bracteoles mi-
nute ; calyx 1 loug : tube turbinate ; petals 4, equalling the length of the calyx ; anther-
pores 1-2 ; style exceeding the corolla ; berry (2''' long) ovate.— Melastoma purpurascens,
•SV. (Ossma, DC., Miconia ossmteformis, Naud.), is unknown to me, but it was considered
by M'Fadyen to be our plant : the description however disagrees, by the inflorescence nearly
equalling the leaves, the leaves less triplinerved, and their veins approximate. — Hab. Jamai-
ca !, in mountain woods, Sw., Mac/., March, Wils.

rij!' C' amygdalinum, Gr. Glabrous ; leaves elliptical or elliptical-lanceolate
triplinerved ; cymes racemiform, lateral or axillary : pedicels short or none ; anthers 8-10 •
tail without appendage; stigma capitate; berry 4-5-locular.— Bonpl. Mel. t. 37: a form
with serrate leaves ; l. 36 : the same with reduced cymes in fruit.— Melastoma, Desr ,
€W\ Ossiea amygdahna, multiflora, acuminata, DC. O. brachystachya, integrifolia,
Maud.. Ilcnnettea racemosa, Mart'. ? Creman. axillare, Manf. — A shrub, 2'-10' hi ah ■
branchlcts obtuse-angled ; leaves 2"-4" loug, often pointleted, but variable in the form the
margin either serndate or entire, the distance of the lateral ribs from the base, and the veins
edher transverse or oh hque : axils of nerves usually with a small tuft of hairs : petiole 3'"-
8 long; cymes usually 1" long, exceeded by the leaf, simply or twice divided: ultimate
flowers termite, cither clustered or shortly fascicled, with thickish pedicels and minute, dcci-

l,.w!!nrra<MC° 6Si; Caiy;x.sub8rlobosc’ ''ouud(!d at the base, •*'" long; petals 4-5, equalling (he
''b .? ^ calyx, whfte ; anther-pores 2. Flowers sometimes polygamous, or dioecious,

as are those of C.rubens.—BATi. Jamaica!, March, A/., Wils., in mountain woods, at 2000'
alt.; [tuba! to Venezuela].

Panicle terminal ( sometimes accessory ones from the axils).

71. C. rubens, DC. Glabrous; leaves elliptical or elliptical-lanceolate, pointed, tri-

262

MELAST0MACE2E.

nerved (rarely subtriplinerved) ; panicle terminal , compound, inauy-flowered, not exceeding
the leaves: flowers subsessile or shortly stalked; anthers 8-10, abruptly tailed : tail without
appendage ; stigma capitate ; berry 3-locular, not furrowed. — Bonpl. Mel. t. 9. — Mela-
stoma, Sw. : a form with distinct sexes. M. thesezans, Bonpl. M. glaucocarpon, Schlecht. !
M. glaberrimum, Schlecht. ! : differing by a “ white berry.” Cremanium themzans, DC.
Miconia rubens, microbotrya, abortiva, tetrastoma, Naud., and partly his M. milleflora.— A
shrub, 2'-10' high : branchlets usually reddish, obtuse-angled ; leaves 3"-4" long, yellowish-
green by being dried, serrulate or subentire: petiole, 4"'-12m long; panicle ovate : flowers
minute, crowded, ultimate ones shortly fascicled or clustered ; the pedicels, it existing,
jointed below the top, with the bracteoles obsolete ; calyx semiglobose, V" long, usually with
4-5 minute teeth ; petals 4-5, white, equalling the length of the calyx ; anther-pores 4-2-
1 ; style at length exceeding the stamens ; berry blue. — -Hab. Jamaica!, Macf., Pd., Al.,
on the higher mountains; [Cuba, Guadeloupe ; Mexico !].

72. C. Sieberi, Gr. Glabrous; branchlets tetragonal ; leaves elliptical-oblong, taper-
ing at both ends, exquisitely trinerved, serrulate ; panicle terminal, compound, many-flow-
ered, shorter than the leaves; flowers subsessile or shortly stalked; bracteoles oblong or
spathulate, blunt, yellowish, exceeding the buds ; petals 5 ; anthers . . .; ovary 3-locular.—
Miconia, DC. Mic. vulcanica, Naud. — An arborescent shrub, 20'-25' high ; leaves 4 —6
long : petiole 1"-H" long ; panicle exactly as in the preceding species, from which it is
clearly distinct by its growth and by its peculiar bracts. The nodes produce usually dense
tufts of thread-shaped scales. — Hab. Dominica !, Imr. ; Trinidad, in mountain woods ;
[Guadeloupe, Venezuela].

73. C. trinitatis, Crueg.l Glabrous; leaves ovate-lanceolate, abruptly acuminate,
subtriplinerved or trinerved ; panicle terminal, loose, compound, equalling the leaves :
flowers stalked ; anthers 10, tapering towards the tail: tail shortly biauriculated at the knee ;
stigma minute, blunt ; berry 3-locular, not furrowed. — Miconia, Naud.—k shrub, 8 -10
hi Hi : branchlets slender, tetragonal; leaves 4" long, black in drying, subentire :_ peti-
ole 3"' long ; panicle pyramidal : primary branches with accessory inferior ones ; ultimate
fascicles usually 3-flowered, with the pedicels equalling the minute flower, or the central
shorter, jointed at the top : bracteoles minute or obsolete ; calyx long, ovate ; petals 5
white, equalling the length of the calyx ; anthers 2-1 -pored, exceeding the style ; berry 1
diam.— Hab. Trinidad!, Loclch., Cr.; [Panama!, Guiana!].

74. C. Rivcerise, Gr. Branchlets powdery, glabrescent ; leaves elliptical or ellip-
tical-oblona , cordate or rounded at the base, subtriplinerved, entire, glabrous ; panicle ter-
minal, compound, many-flowered, equalling the leaves : central flowers sessile ; calyx-tube
turbinate ; anthers 8, opening with a single, large, anterior pore : tail without appendage ;
Stigma minute; berry 2-locular, 8-ribbed.— Miconia, Naud.— Leaves 4"-6 long : petio e
6»Lgf" long; panicle pyramidal, trichotomous : bracteoles minute ; calyx 4 long petals
the same length ; berry 1"' diam., depressed-globose, purplish-black : seeds pyramidal, with
a large rhaphe.— Hab. Dominica !, Imr. ; [Martinique, Guadeloupe !, m mountain woods].

75. C. tetrandrmn, Gr. Branchlets lepidote, tetragonal ; leaves elliptical or oblong,
pointleted, trinerved, entire, glabrous, dotted beneath by minute scales; panicle terminal ,
compound many-flowered, exceeding the leaves : flowers shortly stalked, ebracteolatc ; an-
thers k opeuing with 2, large, terminal pores: tail without appendage; stigma minute;
berrv 4-locular, not ribbed.— Melastoma, Sw. Tetrazygia, DC. Miconia, Naud.—k low-
tree, with the branches pale-rusty; leaves 6"-4" long: petiole H -1 long; panicle pyra-
midal ■ calyx lepidote, long, semiglobose, constricted below the spreading, reduced limb ;
petals the same length, 4; beny globose, 1*"' diam., crowned with the calyx-hmb b lack.-
Hab. Jamaica, on the summit of the Blue Mountain {Sw.) ; [Cuba!, Guadeloupe!,
mountain woods].

Tribe II. PYXIDANTHBJE. — Fruit berried. Seeds not cochleate. Anthers com-
pressed, usually cohering by the cells: connective enlarged: its appendage, if present,
on. the posterior side.

17. BLAKEA, L.; Naud. ( l . c. 18 p. 142. i. 6./. 1).

Calyx 6-lobed or 6-toothed, supported by a 4(-G)-lcavcd involucre. Anthers 12, cohering

MELASTOMACEiE.

203

or distinct, opening with 2 terminal pores : cells separated by a longitudinal furrow :
connective produced at its base into a conical, posterior spur. Ovary adherent, 6-locular :
stigma minute, smooth. — Trailing shrubs ; leaves leathery , petioled : nerves communicating
by numerous transverse or oblique veins ; flowers large, solitary, axillary : bracts in con-
tinuous, decussate pairs, concealing the calyx.

76. B. trinervis, I. Leaves elliptical, pointleted, rounded at the base, subtriplinerved ;
calyx 6-lobed ; anthers distinct, complanate, ovate-roundish, bluntish : connective obliquely
injlexed, and spur short. — Br. Jam. t. 35. Tuss. FI. 3. t. 24. — A shrub, the branches sup-
porting themselves on neighbouring bushes ( Macf. '.) : branchlets with the petioles and the
under side of leaf-ribs covered with a rusty-tomentose down ; leaves 2,,-3" long, at length
glabrous and shining, minutely dotted : nerves prominent beneath, separating a little above the
base, lateral ones running close and parallel to the margin ; peduncles longer than the peti-
ole : bracts elliptical or roundish, blunt, striated by nerves, half the length of the flower ;
petals large, 1A" long, obovate, pink ; anther-pores a little projecting. I find the anthers
quite distinct in the fully developed flower, and no part of the epidermis of the cells shows
any signs of a former coherence : this, if confirmed by the bud, would be a remarkable
difference from the following species and other Pyxidanthece. The shape of the anthers,
which (in conjunction with characters of minor importance) has induced Naudin to dissolve
Bla/cea into three or four genera, seems in this genus to be only of specific value, and indeed
it is so different in the two West Indian species, that they might be separated also, with
as good reason as Bellucia. — Hab. Jamaica!, List., Al., Wullschl., common inj mountain
woods.

77. B. laurifolia, Naud. Leaves elliptical, pointed at both ends, trinerved ; calyx 6-
toothed ; anthers cohering, erect : cells oblong, blunt, twice as large as the linear, straight
connective, and spur one-third the length of the filament, bluntish. — A shrub, perfectly gla-
brous ; leaf-ribs prominent, separating at the base itself ; peduncles a little longer than the
petiole ; bracts roundish, striated by nerves ; petals rosy. In habit it agrees exactly with
the preceding species, but is besides easily recognized by tbe veins of leaves almost l1" distant
from each other, and running not at a right-angle from the midrib (as is the case in B. tri-
nervis), but in a somewhat oblique direction of about 40°. — Hab. Dominica!, Imr. ; S. Vin-
cent, Guild., in mountain woods ; [Guadeloupe !].

18*. BELLUCIA, Neck.; Naud. (/. c. 16. p. 102; 18. t. 4s. f. 1).

Calyx irregularly lobed, without an involucre. Anthers 10—16, distinct at length, opening
with two terminal pores : cells entirely separated by a longitudinal furrow : connective spur-
less, obliquely indexed. Ovary adherent, 8-16-locular : stigma capitate, longitudinally fur-
rowed.— A low tree ; leaves petioled ; triplinerved: nerves communicating by distant veins ;
flowers large, axillary ; berry large, eatable.

78*- B. Aubletii, Naud. — Seem. FI. Panam. t. 26. — Blakea quinquenervia, Aubl. B.
Hostmanni et superba, Naud. ! Ischyranthera laevigata, Steud. I — A tree, 20'-25' high ;
leaves usually 5"-8" long, elliptical, pointleted, shining above and pale beneath ; pedicels
solitary or 2—3, as long as the petiole ; petals rosy or whitish, obovate, about 8 n long ;
berry yellow. Hab. Naturalized iu the southern Caribbean Islands ; [Mexico! to Para !] .

Tribe III. CIJAR1 ANTIIEJE. — Fruit capsular. Seeds ?iot coclileate. Appendages of
anthers, if present, on the posterior side.

19. CHARIANTHUS, Bon; Naud. ( l.c . 18. p. 111).

Calyx-limb spreading, shortly 4-lobcd or repand. Anthers 8, without appendages, open-
ing longitudinally or with a terminal pore: filaments subulate, inflexed in the bud. Ovary
adherent, 4-2-locular. Capsule crowned with the calyx-limb : seeds pyramidal. — Shrubs,
endemic to the I Fes l Indies ; leaves somewhat leathery, petioled, usually triplinerved ;
c.vme corymbiform, terminal; petals large, crimson or purple, oblong or oval, erect, much
exceeded by the sexual organs.

Sect. 1. Euchauianthus. — Cells of the anthers opening longitudinally. Ovary 4-locular.

iJ. Ch. coccineus, Bon. Glabrous; leaves ovate, protracted into a bluntish point.

264

M ELASTOM ACE1E.

dotted loith black beneath , triplinerved ; calyx one-third the length of the corolla : lobes
blunt, sometimes evanescent ; petals oblong ; anthers short, somewhat recurved during an-
thesis. — Bonpl. Mel. t. 14.— Melastoma, Rich. M. alpina, Sw. — A low shrub, l'-2' high :
branches cylindrical ; leaves 2" long, entire ; petals 8"'-9"' long (sometimes smaller) ; an-
thers 1'" long. — Hab. Dominica!, Imr. ; S. Vincent !, Guild.; [Martinique, Guadeloupe, on
the volcanoes, above 3000'].

80. Ch. glaberrimus, DC. Glabrous ; leaves ovate, acuminate and pointed, without
any dots, 3-b-nerved; calyx one-half the length of the corolla : limb 4-lobed to the middle ;
petals oval ; anthers linear, recurved during anthesis. — Melastoma splendeus, Sieb. Mart.
120 ! ; Trinit. 68 ! M. martinicensis, Prl. ! Ch. tinifolius, Ron, is probably the same
plant, and if this can he confirmed by authentic specimens, De Candolle’s name must cede to
this.— Branches somewhat four-edged; leaves 3"-4" long, entire, or crenulate-repand : the
point variable in length (sometimes wanting) ; petals 4' '-5"' long ; anthers 2,w long. ^ 1 n
habit it agrees with the preceding, hut is easily recognized by the absolute want of the black
dots on the under side of leaves, which are characteristic for Ch. coccineus and Ch. Fadyeni.
— Hab. Dominica, Imr. ; [Martinique !, Guadeloupe !].

81. Ch. purpureus, Ron. Branches hairy; leaves ovate, sometimes subeordate at
the base, without dots, triplinerved : younger ones with distant hairs, and these persisting
on the margin; calyx one-half the length of the corolla: limb repand, with 4 minute
teeth; petals oval; anthers linear. — Vahl, Rclog. Jmer. t. 16. Ch. ciliatus, RC. Ch.
crinitus, Naud. : a form with larger leaves. Melastoma Dodandianum, Ham. : a decandrous
aberration, not seen.— A shrub : the branches somewhat four-edged, at length cylindrical ;
leaves 3"-4" long or larger, less leathery than in the other species, pomted or bluntish,
ereuulate or repand; petals 4'"-5'" long; anthers 2'" loug.-HAB. Montserrat, Vahl;
[Martinique, Guadeloupe !, on the mountains].

Sect. 2. Ecchabianthus. — Anthers opening with a single terminal pore. Ovary

l-locular.

82. Ch. Fadyeni, Gr. Glabrous; leaves ovate, blunt, dotted with black beneath,
triplinerved; calyx one-third the length of the corolla: limb repand, with obsolete teeth;,
anthers linear, elongated, straightish during anthesis, opening with a terminal pore.— Rook.
Journ. of Bat. 1. t. 12.— Tetrazygia, Hoolc. ! — A small tree or shrub, 4 -15 high : branches
subcompressed, at length cylindrical; leaves 2" long, or smaller, entire ; petals 4 -5
long; anthers 2|"' long.— Hab. Jamaica!, Macf., Pd., Al., m rocky situations, on the
mountains of the northern and central districts of S. Anus and S. Thomas-in-the-A ale, at
2000'-2500' alt.

20. MERIANIA, Sw.; Naud. {1. c. 18. p. 124. t. 5./. 2).

Calyx-limb spreading, 5-lobed, with the lobes inserted below the repand margin An-
thers 10, opening with 1-2 terminal pores: connective (either in all oi the alternate
ones) produced at its base into a conical, posterior spur. Ovary free, from the begin-
ning 5-locular, 5-lobed at the top.— Shrubs or small trees ; leaves leathery, shining,
pelioled, usually 3 -nerved : nerves communicating by numerous transverse veins ; dowers
large, arranged in simple, terminal cymes, or solitary supported by - or 4
are distant from the calyx by a short internode ; petals obovate, purple, rose-coloured or

^The West Indian species of Meriania, much confused by authors, are very variable in the
number of the bracts,1 the form of the leaves, and the colour of the flower, and as even the
anthers do not always present positive characters, they must be reduced in number: the two
rcma?nin ° ones, beautifully figured by Tussac, are easily distinguished by the form of the
hr“| by the two small tumours on the upper side of leaves at their base, peculiar to

83 M. rosea, Puss. Leaves without tumours at the base ; bracts 2-4, elliptical or
obovate trinerved ; calyx-lobes subulate; anther-spurs short, alternately conical and bitu-
, 7 7, 0 v, i T)esc Ft 4. t. 303— M. leucantha el purpurea, Sw. {non Tuss.).

“a *mVons, Naud. — An arborescent shrub, 80'-5' high ; leaves elliptical or ovate
lanceolate, the younger ones minutely serrate with glaudulai teeth.

MELASTOMACEiE.

266

a. Branchlets obtuse-angled ; leaves elliptical, bluntish, usually with a point, 3"-4"
long : glandular teeth distant, chiefly beyond the middle, usually early disappearing ; bracts
usually 2; petals white, with a crimson base, or rosy. — M. leucanthn, Sw. — Tussac’s and
Descourtil’s figures belong to its rose-coloured form. M. bifrons, Naud., characterized by
pointed spurs and usually 4 bracts, agrees with a younger state of it sent from Jamaica by
Mr. March.

fi. purpurea, Sw. (non Tuss.). Branchlets subcylindrical ; leaves ovate-lanceolate, taper-
pointed, 3"-6"long : glandular teeth crowded in the younger state, but sometimes disappearing
with age; bracts usually 4, elliptical or elliptical-lanceolate; petals purple. — A shrub of less
high growth (according to Swartz), to which may be confidently referred M. nana, Naud. :
but a contrary statement of the respective growth of M. leucantha and purpurea has been
made by M'Fadyen.

Hab. Jamaica ! (a and j8) : all coll., common on the higher mountains.

84. M. bullifera, Gr. Leaves elliptical or elliptical-lanceolate : upper side with two
minute ovate tumours between the bases of nerves ; bracts 4-2, linear and somewhat spathu-
late towards the top (sometimes spathulate-lanceolate and convolute), uninerved ; calyx-lobes
subulate; anther-spins short, alternately conical and bitubercled. — Tuss. FI. 1. t. 7. — M.
purpurea, Tuss , Naud. ( non Sw.). M. rosea, Macf. ( exclus . synon. Tuss.). — An arbores-
cent shrub, about 16' high ; leaves bluntish, with a point, usually smaller than in the pre-
ceding species, 2"-3" long : the younger ones minutely serrate with distant glandular teeth ;
petals beautifully scarlet (Pd.).- — Hab. Jamaica!, Pd., March , on the higher mountains, e.g.
S. Katherine’s Peak, Portland Gap.

21. DAVYA, PC.; Naud. (l.c. 18. p. 134).

Calyx-limb spreading, repand or obscurely lobed. Anthers 10-8, opening with a single
terminal pore : spur posterior, elongated, reflexed and parallel to the anther. Ovary free,
5-3-locular. — Arborescent or scaudent shrubs ; leaves petioled, Z-v -nerved : nerves commu-
nicating by distant, oblique or tranverse veins ; panicle or cyme terminal ; petals obovate.

85. D. adscendens, Gr. Scandent, glabrescent ; leaves broadly elliptical, pointleted ;
divisions of the panicle terminated by corymbiform cymes ; anther-spur linear, bifid : divi-
sions setaceous ; ovary 5-locular. — Melastoma, Sw. ! Adelobotrys scandens, Macf. ( non
Aubl). — A scaudent shrub, 10'-30' high : branches elongated, obtuse-angled ; down ferru-
ginous, scattered, disappearing on the full-grown branches and leaves; leaves 3"-5" long,
2^''-4" broad, trinerved, with a strong, accessory, juxtamarginal pair, obscurely denticulate
and ciliate ; panicle much branched : pedicels 2"'-3"' long ; calyx narrowly campanulate,
equalling the pedicel ; limb with minute teeth ; petals flesh-coloured, usually 5, a little
longer than the calyx-lobes ; capsule ovoid-globose.— Hab. Jamaica!, Macf.,' Al., Wils.,
Wullschl., in damp mountain woods, especially in the northern districts, climbing on trees,
Macf.,Al. , Wils.; [Mexico 1, Jurgensen\.

86. 35 ciliata, Naud. Branches cylindrical, glabrescent ; leaves broadly elliptical,
pointleted, glabrous, subciliate ; divisions of the panicle spreading, terminated by few-foiv-
ered flower-heads. — Leaves 6"- 5" long, 4"-3" broad, polished, trinerved, usually cremate,
" *^h the short creuatures broad and truncate : the pair of leaves not quite of the same size ;
down perfectly disappearing on the tull-grown branches and leaves, with the exception of
single short cilia between the crenature3, or even these wanting, if the leaf is entire; pani-
cles short, with the clusters distant, terminal and axillary, the axillary ones exceeded by the
leaves; calyx-tube ovoid, 2'" long, with 10 (-8) prominent, longitudinal ribs, and covered
w ith scattered, spreading hairs, surrounding the capsule and appressed to it : limb short,
obscuicly 5 -lobed. My specimen has only immature fruits : N audio’s species will perhaps
prove a glabrescent form of P. scandens (Adelobotrys, DC., Melastoma, Aubl. t. 172),
from which it is distinguished chiefly by the leaves and the leaf-ribs being perfectly glabrous.
—Hab. Trinidad!, Cr.; [Guiana],

22. CYCNOPOD1UM, Naud. (1. c. 4.j n. 52, and 18 . p. 118).

Calyx-limb
duccd at the

4-lobed. Anthers 8, opening with a single terminal pore : connective pro-
base into a short tail, continuous with the hanging, posterior, short spur.

266

MELAST0MACE2E.

Ovary free, 2-locular. — A glabrous shrub ; leaves large, orbicular, jielioled, 7 -^-nerved ;
panicle terminal, trichotomous, much branched: ultimate divisions, contracted; petals
obovate.

87. C. latifolium, Naud. — Deless. Ic. 5. t. 3. — Habit of Davya: branches thick, as
if belonging to a tree ; leaves 5"-8" long, sometimes broader than long, rounded at both
ends, minutely cordate at the base : veins as in Davya : petiole 1H- 2" long ; panicle 3 —8
long and broad : ultimate branches 3-7-flowered, pedicels short or none ; calyx 2"' long,
campanulate, furrowed in fruit, and surrounding the globose capsule ; petals 3'" long. Hab.
Dominica!, Imr. ; S. Vincent ; [Venezuela! Fendl. 418].

Teibe IV. LA SIANDEEjE. — Fruit capsular. Seeds cochleate. Appendages of anthers,

if present, on the anterior side.

23. HETERONOMA, DC.; Naud. ( l . c. 14 . p. 151. t. 7 ./. 2).

Calyx-limb 4-toothed : teeth broad, persistent. Anthers 8, of different structure, 4 tailed,
4 without tail : the larger tailed ones with a simple spur, tridenticulate or bifid at the top,
the smaller ones with two setaceous spurs. Ovary adherent, crowned with bristles, 4-locular.
— Suffrutescent herbs; stem tetragonal ; leaves yetioled: the 'pair usually of chjjerent
growth-, cyme terminal, corymbiform : flowers large, red.

88 H. diversifolium, DC. Stem with scattered hairs ; leaves 5-nerved, ovate, acu-
minate, serrate-ciliated ; spur of the larger anthers tridenticulate, shorter than the cells.—
Bonpl. Rhex. t. 45.— Arthrostemma latifolium, Don, ap. Crueg. 1. c. p. 101.— Hab. trim-
dad, Cr.} on wet ground; [Guiana, Venezuela!, New Granada, PeruJ.

24. CIliETOGASTRA, DC. ; Naud. ( l . c. 14. j». 127).

(Hephestionia, Naud. 1. c. 13. p. 31).

Calyx-tube terete, usually strigose : lobes 4-5, subulate, persistent. Anthers ^8-10,

equal ■ tail short or none. Ovary adherent, crowned with bristles, 4-5 -locular.— Shrubs,
growing in elevated situations, usually strigose; flowers large, mostly solitary and droop-
ing, axillary and terminal.

Sect Hephestionia. — Anthers oblong , straight, and a little curved towards the top :
tail short, bitubercled at the base.— Low shrubs ; calyx strigose or hispid ; petals purple,
ciliate, (usually 5).

This section presents a remarkable instance of endemic mountain-shrubs, confined to very
limited situations, as under the head of De Candolle’s Ch strigosa there exist m our col-
lections four different species, three of which have been found only m a single volcanic
island : the fourth has perhaps a wider range, but some of its localities aie doubttul.

89 Ch. strigosa, DC. ( exclus . syn. Sieb). Leaves ovate, bluutish, 3 -nerved, stri-
gose: bristles on the upper side 16-20, semiadnate, yellowish, parallel to the mdnl i; flow-
ers solitary or 3-5 at the end of the branches, drooping, shortly stalked ; calyx-lobes foli-
aceous, ovate-oblong, bluutish, suberect; anthers blunt : tail one-thrrd the length of the
cells —Bonpl. Rhex. t. 26.— Osbeckia ornata, Sw. Melastoma, L. M. ciliata, a, Lam.
HephesS strigosa, Naud. Rhexia inconstans, Vahl: “ the number of stamens vari-
able between 7 and 12, of petals 5 and 4,” Rh. ornata, Kich.jap J^ub,

1' high, much branched : branches tetragonal, strigose; leaves small, 3 long . besides the
number of bristles a;iven above, there are a few on the revolute margin and the l bs of the
un^rside • petals bright purple. — Hab. S. Kitts (Sw.), Montserrat (V.), on the tops of
thef volcanoes, among mossy lava-blocks; [Guadeloupe I, Martinique; Guiana!, New Gra-

naNaudin has besides a locality from the southern States of North America (Carolina : Noi-
: !n t,p writings of Asa Gray no West Indian Melastomacea is mentioned, and

« pVant, ra./ing .l»nt.n«ou,l, tom tke W„. Indi., t. II..
it -1° i Qtnipo nrc almost entirely unknown. As in large collections the misplacement o
labels has often led to wrong localities being assigned to plants, I consider these North , mc-
rican habitats as erroneous.

MELAST0MACE7E.

267

A similar species, not yet met with inr the British islands, is : Ch. CHAMAiCiSTUS, Or. —
Leaves ovate, bluntish, uninerved, eiliate : bristles on the upper side 12-14, wholly adnate,
and transformed into parallel, straight ridges, oblique to the midrib, and projected into
points on the convex margin ; flowers solitary at the end of branches, suberect, stalked :
pedicels as long as the calyx, and both organs hispid ; calyx-lobes oblong, bluntish, erect ;
anthers bluntish : tail short, scarcely one-fourth the length of the cells. — Melastoma ciliata,
0, Lain. Rhexia chamrecistus, Sieb. Mart. 297 ! Hephestionia, Naud. — A shrub, higher
and less branched than Ch. strigosa : branches tetragonal, strigose ; leaves small, B1" long :
bristles on the under side shorter aud more numerous, usually ending with a free point. —
11ab. Martinique!, on the top of the Montague Pelee : the only known locality.

90. Ch. chironioides, Gr. (n. sp.). Leaves lanceolate, taper-pointed, uninerved, peti-
oled, strigose : bristles on the upper side 6-8, semiaduate, yellowish, parallel to the mid-
rib ; flowers usually ternate at the end of branches, suberect, almost sessile ; calyx -lobes
lanceolate-lineal1, taper-pointed ; anthers bluntish : tail short, scarcely one-fourth the length
of the cells. — A slender shrub : branches short, tetragonal, strigose, the uppermost ones
forming a sort of corymb of beautiful purple flowers ; leaves small, 4"' long : under side
paler, with a few bristles on the midrib and on the thinly revolute margin ; calyx strigose,
approximate to the bracts. This species is easily to be distinguished from the Ch. strigosa
by the narrow lobes of the calyx, and by the want of lateral ribs in the leaf. — Hab. Domi-
nica !, Imr.

91- Ch. cistoides, Gr. (n. sp.). Leaves ovate, pointed, B-nerved, petioled, densely stri-
gose on the upper side : bristles diverging from the immersed nerves, adnate only at the
base ; flowers cymous at the end of branches, shortly stalked ; calyx-lobes subulate-linear,
diverging ; anthers bluntish : tail very short, scarcely one-sixth the length of the cells.— A
diffuse shrub, named after the resemblance of the leaves to those of some European Cisti :
blanches subcylindrical, strigose ; leaves 8nl—\2nl long : bristles of the under side free to
the base, less numerous, being restricted to the prominent ribs, the veins, and the revolute
margin ; calyx hispid ; tubercles of the anther-tail obsolete.— Hab. S. Vincent 1, Guild.

25. ARTHROSTEMMA, DC. reform ; Naud. (/. c. 13. p. 355).

(Pterogastra, Naud., ib.p. 32. Micranthella, Naud., ib.p. 347.)

Calyx-tube 8-1 0-nbbed, setose: lobes 4-5, persistent. Anthers 8-10, equal : tail short
or none : base bitubercled. Ovary at length free, crowned with bristles, 4-5-locular.—
Herbs, often suffrulescent, or slender shrubs ; cymes axillary and terminal, usually consti-
tuting a large panicle, sometimes the single ones contracted or represented by a single
power : flowers comparatively small.

* Calyx-lobes ovate-oblong, pointed, alternating with branched bristles
(Arthrostemma, Naud.).

,Ao‘ &loltl|eratum’ Naud. Sufl'rutescent ; leaves ovate-lanceolate or lanceolate,
pointed 3-nerved; terminal flowers clustered; anthers 8 : tail very short or none.— Bonpl.
Rhex t. 32. Rhexia dichotomy Sieb. Mart. 99. Osbeckia glomerata, DC. Pterolepis
\at“l Muk Slomerata, Crueg. ! A. capitatum, AW.— Stem with elongated, tetra-
gonal, stngillosc branches ; leaves with scattered, stiff hairs, subentire; petals 4, rosy or
white ; anthers tapering towards the top.-HAB. Dominica 1, S. Vincent 1, Guild - Trini-
dad ., Gr., common on pastures and savannahs; [Guiana !, Brazil!].

r,nlf!',A; la<^a“°*^es> C)C. Annual, herbaceous ; leaves lauceolate or oblong-lanceolate,
pointed, 3-nerved; flowers shortly stalked, distant, in a loose, dichotomous panicle; anthers
ll ^e length * the cells .-Bonpl. Rhex. t. 27. — A/pumilum, Naud.

I)1, , *• a.cTmon form, with smaller (lowers. Pterolepis puinila,

tetragonal, strigillose: branches slender; leaves shortly strigose, with
dml' SW, /8’ /S'l ,c,'tlre ; I,etals 4, red; anthers tapering towards the top.— Hab. Trini-
dad ., bch., Lockh., Cr., on savannahs; [Panama!, Venezuela!, Brazil!, Paraguay, Peru!].

Calyx-lobes subulate, without alternating bristles (Micranthella, Naud.).

la"Ce°latum,’ Gr- Shrubby ; leaves oblong-lanceolate, acuminate, 3-nerved:
<s ipar itc ; flowers at length nodding, arranged in dichotomous, axillary cymes ;

208

MELASTOMACE2E.

calyx-lobe9 narrow, divergent ; anthers 10 : tail very short. — Bonpl. Rhex. t. 21. — Chteto-
gastra, DC. Micanthella luneeolata et longifolia, Naud. Chsetog. havanerisis, DC. Ch.
longifolia, DC. — Branches subcylindrical, strigose, with soft hairs ; leaves subentire ; cymes
equalling the leaves or shorter ; petals 5, white ; anthers tapering towards the end. — 11 ah.
S. Vincent !, Guild.; Trinidad!, Sell., Cr.; [Cuba!, Mexico !, to Brazil ! and Bolivia!].

26. COMOLLIA, DC. ; Naud. ( l . c. 13. p. 25).

Calyx-tube setose : lobes 4, subulate. Anthers 8, equal, subulate : tail arcuate, bituber-
cled at the base. Ovary at length free, without terminal bristles, 2-locular. — Suffrutescent
herbs or shrubs ; flowers mostly axillary, solitary or in short cymes, red or white.

95. C. veronicifolia, Benth. Suffrutescent or shrubby, shaggy with rusty often
glandular hairs ; leaves ohovate or elliptical, serrulate or repand, petioled, 5 -nerved ; flowers
solitary or ternate ; tail of anthers without a posterior gibbosity. — Branches diffuse, elon-
gated, tetragonal ; leaves 8"'-12"' long, hairy on both sides ; petals rosy, obovate, blunt. —
Hab. Trinidad!, Pd., Cr., on sandy savannahs; [Guiana!].

27. NEPSERA, Naud. (1. c. 13 . p. 28, and 12. t. 14./. 1).

Calyx-lobes 4 (-5), linear. Anthers 8 (-10), equal, lanceolate-linear : tail arcuate, equal-
ing its two ascending spurs. Ovary at length free, without terminal bristles, 3-locular. A
suffrutescent branched herb, with thin foliage; panicle terminal, loose; pedicels slender;
petals pointed.

96. 1ST. aqnatica, Naud. — Leaves ovate-lanceolate, taper-pointed, cordate at the base,
serrulate, 3-5 -nerved; panicle trichotomous ; pedicels filiform.— Aubl. t. 169. Bonpl.
Rhex. t. 40. — Rhexia, Sw. Spennera, Mart. Sp. liydrophila, Miq. Sp. Asphalti, Cruey. ! :
a form with curled leaves.— Branches tetragonal, usually somewhat hairy ; petals flesh-
coloured— Hab. Jamaica ! to Trinidad !, in wet and woody situations ; [Cuba and Panama !
to Brazil !].

28. SPENNERA, DC.; Naud. (1. c. 14 . p. 141. t. 5).

Calyx-limb with 4 minute teeth. Anthers 8, equal, oblong or roundish, without append-
ages : connective either not exceeding the cells or produced into a tail, continuous with the
filament. Ovary at length free, without terminal bristles, 2-locular.— Herbs with thin foli-
age, growing in swampy situations; panicle slender, loose, terminal, constituted of dichoto-
mous cymules ; buds conical.

97. Sp. pellucida, DC. Suffrutescent; stem four-winged ; leaves ovate or ovate-
lanceolate, ciliate and roughish chiefly on the upper side ; panicle forming an elongated
thyrse ; tail of anthers nearly as long as the cells. — Miq. Comment. Phytogr. 1. 10 : quite
a>n-eem°- with our plant, but the capsule is described as trilocular (perhaps by monstrosity).—
Sp tetraptera, Miq. Sp. martinieensis, Naud. — The shape of the leaves is variable, as has
been remarked by Miquel : there occur forms where the base is cordate or tapering, and the
top blunt or acuminate.— Hab. Trinidad!, lockh., Cr., in swampy grounds and along river-
hanks ; [Martinique, Guiana!].

98. Sp. Kappleriana, Naud. Hairy and glandular ; leaves elliptical, ovate, or ellip-
tical-lanceolate, petioled ; cymes dichotomous, terminal on the branches, spreading ; anthers
oblong-linear: tail very short.— Sp. viscida, Miq. Sp. laxa, Or.! {an DC..).— the
cymes are shorter and the leaves are narrower than in Kappler’s plant : but Crueger re-
marks that the form of the leaves is variable, and that they are sometimes blunt and cor-
date, while in our specimens they are tapering on both ends. Hab. innidad!, C r. ;
[Guiana !].

29. ACISANTHERA, P. Br. ; DC. Prodr. (3 .p. 88).

(Annendicularia, DC. Dicrananthern, Prl. Notcrophila, Mart. ; Naud. 1. c. 12. p. 2/9-
t. 13./. 1. Uranthera, Naud. ib. p. 282.)

Calyx-lobes 4-5, subulate. Stamens unequal, the larger oues alternating with the petals :

LYTllRARIFuE.

269

tail of the anthers in these arcuate, aud spurs ascending; smaller anthers with the spurs
reduced into tubercles or obliterated. Ovary at length free, without terminal bristles, 2-3-
loculur. — Herbs ; stem tetragonal ; pedicels short, most of them, axillary, solitary or form-
ing small cymes, or arranged in a racemiform panicle ; petals reddish or white.

99. A. quadrata, Juss. — Annual; branches numerous, most of them alternating;
leaves lanceolate-elliptical, pointed, serrulate, shortly petioled-, flowers axillary, drooping,
mostly unilateral ; petals 4-5; larger anthers oblong-linear, as long as their tail : spurs
setaceous; ovary bilocular. — Br. Jam. i. 22. f. 1. — Rhexia Acisanthera, L. ex synon. et
descr. .- by Naudin erroneously referred to the following species. Uranthera dicrnnopliora,
Naud. — A slender plant, glabrous or hairy at the nodes, not glandular ; leaves small, 4<"'
loug, trinerved; petals white. — Hab. Jamaica!, M‘Nab, Pd., Al., Wullschl , on pastures;
[Portorico],

100. A. recurva, Gr. Annual, glandular; branches mostly alternating ; leaves ovate
or lanceolate, bluntish, serrate, shortly pelioled ; flowers axillary, drooping, unilateral; pe-
tals 5 ; anthers a little tapering towards the top, nearly twice the length of their tail :
spurs clavate; ovary trilocular. — Microlicia recurva, DC. Uranthera, Naud. — Leaves
small, 4"' long, subtrinerved ; petals red. — Hab. Jamaica!, Pd., Al. ; Trinidad!, Loclch.,
Cr., on pastures ; [Panama !, New Granada !, Guiana, equat. Brazil !].

101. A. brevifolia, Gr. Glabrous, span-high, stoloniferous at the base; stem nearly
simple below the inflorescence ; leaves entire, sessile, with a broad base, inferior ovate,
blunt, superior longer, obloDg -lanceolate, all very small; cyme terminal: pedicels erect,
equalling the bracts ; petals 5 ; anthers tapering towards the top, a little longer than their
tail : spurs clavate, bluut, scarcely half the length of the tail ; ovary bilocular. — Notero-
phila, Naud. Rhexia paludosa, Sa/zm. PI. Bah. /—Microlicia brevifolia, DC. (. Aubl . t. 155
b : Mel. trivalvis, ej.), though differing by a trilocular ovary, is probably the same plant,
and has been considered as such by Naudin. — Leaves 2,"-3," long, subuninerved ; cyme con-
stituted of a small number of rather distant flowers ; petals red. — Hab. Trinidad !, Pd.,
Cr., on wet savannahs ; [Guiana, Brazil!].

LXIX. LYTHRARIErE.

Stamens definite, inserted into the valvate calyx, usually lower down than the petals.
Ovary superior, mostly syncarpous: ovules oo ; style simple. Capsule many(-few)-seeded I
seeds exalbumiuous. — Leaves exstipulate, usually opposite and entire.

Some Lythranece are acrid, medical plants (Cuphea, Lagerstrcemia). A pigment, called
Henna by the Arabs, is obtained from Lawsonia.

1. CUPHEA, P. Br.

Calyx tubular, 12-ribbed, gibbous, or spurred at the base. Petals 5-7, unequal. Stamens
usually twice as mauy. Ovary unequally 2-cellcd, with a basilar glaud on the upper side
Capsule bursting laterally : seeds compressed. — Herbs or shrubs.

Parsonsia, R. Br. Annual; stem diffuse, scabrous-pubescent; leaves ovate or
oblong shortly petioled, glabrescent (or scabrous) ; flowers alternate, subsessile or shortly
pedicellate, obliquely inserted into the axils, about half as long as the leaves- calyx .ribbons
at the base : teeth minute; petals 6 (-7) ; stamens 6, included, two exceeding the rest • fila-
ments short, glabrous ; stigma capitate ; capsule lew-seeded.— Br. Jam. 1. 21. /'. 2.— Lythrmn
A. C radicans, Macf, and C. hirta, DC. ? : the scabrous-leaved form. C. Swartziana, Rich.

2"'-

[Cuba !].

. w. .OB./., vj. ii a ui, uiy. ! : me scaorous-leaved form. (J

f-{non Spreng.). Spithameous, prostrate ; leaves 6"'-4"' long, pointed, or bluntish - calyx
t.iKn n°n^’ Pc^a s I)a^l!-purple, 1 long. Hab. Jamaica!, .all coll., common in pastures;

C. viscosissima, Jacq. Annual ; stem virgate, viscid-pubescent ; leaves ovate-
anceolate, petioled, slightly scabrous; flowers alternate, pedicellate: pedicels juxtapetiolar,
much shorter than the calyx; calyx viscid, with a short, blunt spur at the base.- teeth
minute; stamens 12 (-8) : filaments villous; capsule few-seeded. — Jacq. H. Vind. ii. t. 177.
-Lythrum peholatum, L. L. Cuphca, L. L. Melanium, A. (Cuphea, li. Br.) ? : probably
(he same plant, but in herbaria usually confounded with the preceding. — Leaves 8"'-] ()"'

270

LYTHRARIEJI.

long: petiole 2"'-4m long ; calyx 4'" long; petals violet.— Had. Jamaica (Maef.) ; [United
States 1 to Brazil !].

3. C. hyssopifolia, Kill. Suffrutescent ; stem scabrous or hispid ; leaves ovate-
oblong or oblong-lanceolate, subsessile or shortly petioled, scabrous; flowers alternate,
pedicellate : pedicels inserted between the leaf-pairs, much shorter than the calyx ; calyx
gibbous at the base, exceeded by the leaves : teeth minute; stamens 11 (-9) : the majority
of the filaments villous; stigma minute; capsule few-seeded —C.balsamona e,s

long: veins prominulous beneath; calyx 3"', petals 1 long. 'Hab. Dominica.,
Imr. ; [Mexico! to Montevideo ! ; Galapagos!].

4 C. Trinitatis, DC. Sntfrutescent, diffuse ; branches scabrous above ; leaves lan-
ceolate or oblong-lanceolate, subsessile at the tapering base, glabrescent ; flowers oppose,
in terminal racemes : pedicels inserted between the bract-pairs, as long as the calyx ; calyx
small, gibbous at the base: teeth minute; petals half as long as the calyx; stamens 11 «,
villous ; capsule few-seeded.-Dof. Mag. t. 2580.-C serpyllifolia. Sms

Allied to C. parviflora, Hook., in which the calyx is longer and viscid.^ A low, delicate
plant, with fastigiate racemes: habit of Scutellaria minor; leaves 8 -4 , calyx 2 long,
petals red. — Hab. S. Vincent !, Guild. ; Trinidad {Bot. Mag.). _ _

5 C. decandra, Ait. Shrubby ; branches scabrous-hispidulous ; leaves elliptical con-
tracted into a short petiole, glabrescent, ciliate ; flowers opposite, 1 n short

pedicels inserted between the bract-pairs, shorter than the calyx, toned to one side ^yx
gibbous at the base, viscid-pilose: teeth minute ; petals 5, 4 times Sorter than the calyx
stamens 10, villous; capsule several-seeded.-Lythrum ciliatum, Sw--\-Z
4"'-10"', pedicels 2'", calyx 4"' long ; petals purple.— Hab. Jamaica!, Harlw., Pd., .,

March, in stony mountains, in the Coffee region. ... , , Tta+nrnlwed in the

Of the large-flowered continental Guphere, several are cultivated or mtaillB

West Indies, e.g. C. micropetala, Kth. (Syn. C. platycenra Bemh.), m the Blue Mountains
of Jamaica !, AL, and C. Melvilla, Lindl., in S. Vincent !, Guild.

2. AMMANNIA, L.

Calyx shortly campanulate, not striate, usually with minute appendages Jftweenthe lobes.
Petals smallf deciduous (or none). Stamens^ : anthers (to* .

Seeds co , minute.— Annual, glabrous herbs; leaves narrow: flouers clustered or

in their axils. .

0 A humilis, Mich. Leaves lanceolate or linear-lanceolate, tapering at the base;
flowers sessile 1 (-3) in the axils ; calyx 4-toothed, with conspicuous accessory teeth sta-

™ 4(-sUw ■ 4* <«** I

S » wM f— tP— states! to
BT’* latifolia, L. Lave, lanceolate-linear, cordate at the •eml, “b;

petals Jl-Hab Jamaica !, Pd., Al., Wils., in moist places; Antigua!, Lane, Wulhchl. ;
[southern United States 1 ; Cuba 1 to Brazil ! ; East Indies .].

3. DODECAS, L.

(Crenea, Aubl.)

Calyx shortly campanulate 4- fid, devoid f ““‘J0,? sWjdM “ fecK^ininiRc^fust

jzr&z

ONAGRARIE/E.

271

longer than the flower, twice or more exceeded by the leaves. — Anil. t. 209 : differing from
our form by broader leaves, and 3-1 -flowered, axillary peduncles, the lateral flowers being
axillary to the bracteoles. — Crenea, Aubl. D. surinamensis, L. ( C . repens, Mey. !) has
broader leaves, shorter pedicels, and is a shrubby species. — Stem simple or few-branehed, 1'
high, with roots from the inferior nodes ; leaves 2"-l", pedicels 4"'-6'", calyx 3'" long ;
petals obovate, white. — Hab. Trinidad 1, Cr., in maritime swamps ; [Guiana].

4. HEIMIA, TJc. Ott.

Calyx shortly campanulate, 6-toothed, corniculate with spreading appendages between the
teeth. Petals 6. Stamens 1 2 (-15) : anthers revolute-reniform. Ovary 4-celled. Seeds
co , minute, obconical. — Glabrous shrubs ; flowers axillary, shortly pedicellate , yellow.

This genus, by the structure of its anthers, differs from Decadon, but approaches An-
therylium and Ginoria, two West Indian genera not yet observed in the British islands.

9. H. salicifolia, Lk. and Ott. Leaves lanceolate, tapering into the short petiole,
opposite (or whorled) ; calyx- lobes connivent-closed above the capsule ; petals obovate. —
Hook. Ic. t. 554 B, C. — Nessea, Kth. — IIab. Jamaica!, March ; [Mexico to Brazil].

5*. LAWSONIA, L.

Calyx 4-partite, devoid of appendages. Petals 4, clawed. Stamens 8, inserted with
the petals : anthers roundish. Ovary 4(-3)-celled. Seeds co , minute. — Glabrous shrubs ;
flowers white, in corymbs.

10*. L. inermis, L. Leaves elliptical-lanceolate, pointed ; corymbs paniculate. — JJesc.
FI. 8. t. 596. — L. alba, Lam. — Unarmed or thorny. — Hab. Naturalized in Jamaica!, Al.,
Antigua!, IVullschl. ; [Egypt !, Syria !, East Indies !].

Lagerstrcemia indica , L., is a tree, cultivated in Jamaica, S. Kitts !, Antigua ! ; I. regince,
Box!)., in Jamaica_(Macf.).

LXX. ONAGKARIEiE.

Stamens definite, inserted into the valvate calyx. Pollen-grains connected by threads.
Ovary inferior, at length mostly syncarpous : ovules oo. Seeds exalbumiuous. — Leaves ex-
stipulate ; the West Indian species herbaceous.

1. ISNARDIA, L.

Calyx-tube as long as the ovary : limb 4-partite. Petals small, 4 or none. Stamens 4.
Capsule tardily loculicide, 4-valved. Seeds go, minute. — Aquatic herbs ; flowers axillary.

1. I. palustris, L." Glabrous; stem rooting or floating; leaves opposite, elliptical,
pointed, cuncate at the pctioled base ; flowers solitary, subsessile, usually apetalous ; capsule
cuboid-oblong, obtusely tetragonal, rounded at the base, truncate at the top. — FI. Ban. 10.
1. 1745. — Capsule 1,"-14'" long. — Hab. Jamaica !, AL, at Moneague ; [western and southern
Europe ! ; Asia Minor ! to Nepaul ! ; southern Africa ! ; Canada ! to New Mexico ! and
Florida !].

2. I. repens, DC. Glabrous ; stem rooting or floatiug ; leaves opposite, elliptical, pointed,
cuncate at the base; flowers solitary, shortly pedicellate or 9ubsessile ; petals small (or none) ;
capsule oblong, obtusely tetragonal, tapering towards the base, truncate at the top. — Sw. Ic.
t. 8. — Ludwigia, Sw. ! L. natans, Ell. — Capsule 3m : its pedicel V" long or less; petals
yellow. — IIab. Jamaica !, Sw., Pd., at the Kerry ; [South Carolina to Texas ! ; Cuba],

3. I. microcarpa , Poir. Glabrous; stem ascending, simple or diffuse; leaves alter-

nate, elliptical or elliptical-lanceolate, pointed, cuncate at the subsessile base ; flowers solitary,
sessile, apetalous ; capsule small, obversely pyramidal, shorter than the broad calyx-lobes. —
Ludwigia, Mich. — Stem spithamcous ; leaves 4W-5W long ; calyx-lobc9 broadly ovate, cuspi-
date, long. — Hab. Jamaica I, Al., at Moneague; [South Carolina to Florida].

272

0NAGRARIE2E.

2. JUSSI/EA, L.

Calyx-tube obtuse-angled-cylindrical (or prismatical-obovate), as long as tbe ovary : limb
4-6-partite. Petals 4-6. Stamens 8-12. Capsule 4-6-celled, opening by destruction
of the pericarp, with 8-12 filiform, persistent ribs. Seeds co, minute.— Herbs, growing in
swamps or aquatic ; leaves alternate ; ilowers single, in the axils, usually yellow.

* Stem creeping or floating, perennial; petioles slender.

3. repens, L. Glabrous or villous above ; stem rooting or floating :

4 J. repens, L. Glabrous or villous above; stem rooting or noating : branches
ascending; leaves spatliulate-lanceolate or oval, tapering into a slender petiole, quite
entire - flowers pedicellate ; calyx-lobes 5, lanceolate, acuminate, exceeded by the obovate
petals • capsule obtuse-angled-cylindrical (8"'-10"' long), longer than the pedicel, tapering
at the base.— Rheede, ff. Malab. 2. t. 51.— J. Swartziana, DC. : the glabrous, or usual West
Indian form, but sent also from the East Indies. J. peploides, Kth., Rich. Cub. J. rammosa,
DG— Leaves 6"', petals 3"'-4'" long; petioles usually shorter than the lamiua — Hab.
Jamaica !, all coll., in marshes ; [Missouri ! to Valdivia ! and Buenos Ayres ! ; Natal ! ;
China ! to East Indies ! ; Australia !].

5 J. sedoides, Kth. Glabrous; stem floating, rooting; leaves rhomboid obtusely
serrate bevond the cuueate base : petiole much longer than the lamiua; flowers loug-pedi-
cellate ; calyx-lobes 4, ovate or ovate-oblong, exceeded by the obovate petals; capsule
f4"'-6m long), clavate, as long as the excrescent calyx-lobes, shorter than its pedicel.
Humb. PI. Equin. t. 3 X-Leaves 4"'-6"' diam. ; petals 4"'-5"' long.— IIab. Jamaica!:
Pd., S. Elizabeth; [Panama !, New Granada, Brazil!].

** Stem erect or ascending ; leaves subsessile or shortly petioled, entire or repand.
f Capsule obtuse-angled-cylindrical or linear -prismatical.

6. J. acuminata, Sw.t Glabrous; stem erect, slender; leaves lanceolate or linear-
lanceolate, acuminate, tapering into a short petiole ; flowers sessile or subsessile ; calyx-
lobes 4 lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate, pointed, as long as the spathulate petals; capsule
rareiv 12"' long) shortly tapering at the sessile or very shortly pedicellate base.

’ Til t 280 f. 2. — J. erecta, Lam., L. partirn ( non Sw.), DC. y. Plumienana

(e veins sun. ' Sw.). J. nubica, Hochst. ! J. linifolia, V. : a form with longer and closely
sessile capsules.— Leaves 3"-2", calyx-lobes pecheds1 l°“g> or n0"e- ^ ;

Jamaica 1 Sw March, rare in moist situations ; Antigua !, Wullschl., S mcent !, (ruild.
Trinidad I, Sell., Cr. ; [Venezuela!, Guiana !, Brazil!; trop. Africa! to Madagascar!; East

Indies!]. , ,

7 J deenrrens, DC. Glabrous ; stem erect, slender ; leaves lanceolate-linear or lan-
ceolate,' closely sessile: margins decurrent; flower, shortly

ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, as long as the obovate petals ; capsule (6-8 jg ™ri° v >
Twinged, shortly tapering into the short pedicel.-J pterophora, Miq.-Stem nanoi ly
winged by the decurrent leaves ; leaves 3"-2", calyx-lobes 3"', capsule-pedicels 2-1 long
Leaves acuminate from the base, or, if broader, acute. The two glands occurring on the
pedicels and at the leaf-base, are not always present.— Hab. lrimdad., Lockh., Ci .,
swamps’; [United States ! ; Guiana !, equatorial Brazil !].

S J variabilis Mey.l Glabrous or pilose ; stem erect, branched, suffrutesceut ; leaves

Cr. ■ [Guadeloupe !, in wet places ; Panama !, Guiana ., Biazii .j.

q’ j rialustris Men. I Glabrous or scabrous-pubcrulous above ; leaves linear -lauceo-

0 limes J long as the pedicel, slightly constricted at

0NAGRA111E7E.

273

the top. J. crecta, Sio. ( non L .). — Leaves 4"-l", calyx-lobes 3m-2"', capsule-pcaicels 2"'
loug. lhe limits between this and the two following species are often obscure, but hybrid
specimens may possibly occur, as in Epilobium. — Hab. Jamaica !, Wullschl., in moist pas-
tures ; [Guiana !, Peru !].

1U. J. ang-ustifolia, Lam. — Glabrous or scabrous-puberulous above; leaves lanceolate
or lanceolate-linear, tapering into a short petiole; flowers shortly pedicellate ; calyx-lobes 4
( rarely 5 ), ovate-lanceolate, pointed ; petals obovate-oblong half as long again or twice as
tong as the calyx-lobes ; capsule long), tapering gradually towards the base, 4-3

tunes as long as the pedicel.— Lam. III. t. 280. /. 3 ; Jacq. Amer. Piet. t. 105 ; Kih.
i\ov. Gen. t. 530.— (Enothera oetovalvis, Jacq. J. salicifolia, Kth. J. octonervia, BO.
{non Lam.). Leaves 4"-l", calyx-lobes 4//,-3/", capsule-pedicels 8'"-4'" long. — LIab.
Jamaica!, At., in moist marshes ; Antigua! ; [Cuba !, French islands ! ; Panama !, Guiana !,
PerulJ. ’ ’

i ^ ' ?' s^®‘u**cosa» L. Villous-pubescent or glabrescent above or glabrous below;
leaves lanceolate-oblong, lanceolate, or lanceolate-linear, tapering into a short petiole ; flowers
shortly pedicellate ; calyx-lobes 4 (rarely 5), broadly ovate or elliptical, constricted at
the base, cuspidate 2-3 times exceeded by the broadly obovate petals ; capsule (l"-2"
long), tapering gradually towards the base, 3-4 times as long as the pedicel. — SI. t. 11. f. 1 ;
Ptum. Eel. Burnt, t. 175. /. 1 ; Lam. 111. t. 280. /. 1 ; Beichenb. Exot. t. 57.— J. crecta, L.
partim {ex ic SI.) J. oetovalvis, Sw. J. occideutalis, Nutt.— Leaves 3"-l", calyx-lobes
4" -o'", capsule-pedicels 3'"-6'" long.

filaa /4('7.ll0US"1,UlUSCent’ °r siabreSCCIlt below-— J- villosa, Lam. J. scabra, W. J. octo-

0. ligustr folia, Kth. Glabrous below, pubescent or glabrescent above.— J. octonervia,
Lam. 0 non BC). J. longifolia, BC. : a narrow -leaved form.

Tlorntnip ?‘SJ > March C0). common in wet places ; Antigua !, Wullschl. ,-

nanTvp V Cr‘ 1 Arkansas, Texas!; Cuba!, French islands!, Pal

nama !, Venezuela I, Brazil ; East Indies !].

Tt Ga/psule obovate-tetragonal.

a ™°us-pubescent 0r S,abrcsc(‘nt; leaves lanceolate-oblong or ellip-
SteW cf/J ; ; y a 7 d: l)r,Inar>' VCU1S equate, secondary transverse; flowers pedi-
bZS J ?ye’ 0Va?e> exceeded h the obovaie-roundish petals ; capsule
Li. . , ° eh ob°vate-tetragonal, half as long as or a little shorter than the calyx-

T T the ECL Burm- L 174- / 2 ! Klh- Nov. Gen. t. 533 -

ltve 4" 2"'lon PerUVlaU7 Z;-0;;,Pftals 6- J- macrocarpa, Eth. — Stem suffrutescent ;

pedicels 62-8'"gf;3'"!ni I d'TStant; C,al^-lobes petals 8"'-10"', capsule^

Trinidad' forth r r\f‘ • YL- Jama!ca !> Al-> ln moist pastures and woods;
mndad ., Lockh., Or.; [Mexico !, Venezuela!, New Granada I, Peru!].

3. (ENOTHERA, L.

Pei ah' L 1 l'b%t P' oduced bey°ud the ovary: free part deciduous: limb 4-partite reflexed

at-ua.'*

free part of the calvx-tube shorter th™ fn 1 ’ bov'eis distantly racemose, erect in the bud ;
small; stigma 4-lobed • cansulp c il l . 16 ovaiy 1 petals rosy, nocturnal, broadly obovate,
-Bot. AE t 347 -P(L L C! , , aKlnoua> ^vate-tetragonal, 8-ribbed ; seeds minu'e
plantations^' [Mexilo ! Peru ']. lonS-llAC- !. Mac/., Pd,, Barter., in coffee

late, denticulate f flowers 'krae crceM'" *t'jd stJ:,n cri;c,'> P'losc; leaves oblong or lanceo-
long as the ovary filiform 1//^“ bud/ f'T °f th° calyx-tube 3-4 times as

elongated ; stamen’s included ^ cans id e \\n noct’lr“al> b!lobed ; stigma 4-partite : divisions
365 — Hab Naturalized in T 1 J “5“: sc,uds minute, scrobicidate.” — Bot, Mag. t.
from Buenos Ayres], ’ J Watf), m the mountains of S. Andrews ; [introduced

T

274

11HIZ0PH0RE2E.

LXXI. EHIZOPHOREiE.

Stamens inserted into the valvate calyx. Petals often lacerate. Ovary syncarpous :
ovules definite, hanging : style simple. Seeds exalbuminous, with the radicle perforating
the fruit, or albuminous. — Woody plants ; leaves opposite, ivith interpetiolar stipules.

The astringent bark of Rhizophora is employed for tanning.

1. RHIZOPHORA, L.

Calyx 4 -partite. Petals 4. Stamens 8-12. Ovary semi-inferior, 2-celled : cells 2-ovu-
late. Fruit surrounded above the base by the persistent calyx-limb, 1-seeded by abortion :
seeds exalbuminous, germinating on the tree.— Glabrous trees ; branches supported by simple
vertical roots; leaves leathery , quite entire; peduncles axillary, involucel minute, bi-
lobed.

1. R. Mangle, L. Leaves obovate, oval, or obovate-lanceolate, blunt ; peduncles divided,
usually few-flowered ; petals lacerate-woolly on the margin, exceeded by the calyx-limb ;
stamens 8 .—Jacq. Amer. Piet. t. 132. Peso. FI. 1. t. 10.— R. racemosa, 3Iey. !— Hab.
Jamaica I, Pd. ; Antigua I, Wullschl., S. Vincent 1, Guild., constituting the swampy man-
grove-woods along the coast ; [Mexico 1 to Brazil ! ; Pacific islands ; western coast of trop.
Africa !].

2. CASSIPOUREA, Aubl.

Calyx campauulate, 5-4-fid. Petals 5-4, lacerate, clawed. Stamens oo-10, inserted
into the perigynous, annular disc. Ovary free, 3(-5)-celled : cell 2-ovulate : stigma 3-glo-
bose. Capsule 3-valved, 3-seeded by abortion: seeds albuminous— Glabrous trees or
shrubs ; leaves quite entire, or obsoletely serrate; flowers axillary, fascicled, glomerate or

solitary.

2. C. elliptica, Poir. Leaves elliptical, acute or bluntish at both ends ; calyx 5 -1-fid,
glabrous, as long as or shorter than the pedicel; petal-limb fimbriate, villous.— AToo/r.
Ic t 280 • I find, however, only 2 ovules in each ovary-cell. — Legnotis, Sw. A low tree
or shrub, 30'-10' high; leaves 4"-2", calyx 3"'-2'" long; anthers oblong, incumbent, at

length exceeded by the strigose style. K

a Leaves quite entire, acute, gradually tapering into the short petiole ; calyx usually 5 -fid ,
petals pale-red; stamens 15-30, exserted.-A 4- or 5-fid calyx occurs m the same branch
B. alba Gr. (PI. Carib.). Leaves quite entire, bluntish at both ends, shortly tapering into
the petiole’- calyx 4-fid ; petals white; stamens 16-12 (-10), equalling the calyx.

TpZlserrlta. Leaves with a few distant serratures, pointed, subacute at the base;

»> 4 <**> s-

Guild. ; Trinidad !, Cr., at Tocuche; [Guadeloupe !, Panama!]. _ .

3 C guianensis, Aubl. Leaves elliptical or elliptical-oblong, quite entire shortly
acuminate rounded at the base; flowers glom<§te

netal-limb fimbriate, villous ; stamens exserted, 15-20.— Aubl. t. 211.— Leaves o A ,
calyx 3"' long; style strigose, long-exserted.— Hab. Trinidad 1, Cr., in swamps on the
eastern coast ; [Guiana, Para 1].

LXXII. COMBRETACEiE.

Stamens definite, inserted into the valvate calyx. Ovary inferior, simple with a few
ondcs hanging from the top of its cavity: style simple. Seed solitary, exalbuminous.-

WS — »t **,. Ik. b.,k i. Hd. h. k-k acid. Ib.

oily seeds of Terminalia Catappa are eatable.

COMBI? ETACE7E.

276

1. COMBRETUM, L.

Calyx-limb 4(-5)-lobed or dentate, deciduous. Petals 4 (-5). Stamens 8 (-10).
Achenium 4(-5)-winged. Cotyledons fleshy, plaited. — Leaves usually opposite, quite en-
tire ; flowers in spikes {or racemes).

1. C. Jacquini, Gr. Scandent; branchlets cylindrical, rusty-pubescent above ; leaves
opposite, oval or oblong, glabrous ; spikes cyliudrical, compound : bracts deciduous, filiform,
half as long as the pubescent ovary ; calyx-limb cyatliiform , not so long as the tube : teeth
minute ; petals 4, roundish, glabrous, exserted : then- diameter almost as long as the leugth
of the calyx-limb ; stamens thrice as long as the calyx-limb ; achenium oblong : wings as
broad as its transverse diameter.— C. laxum, Jacq. 1763, Sw. ! { non Loefl. 1758, et Aubl.).
C. variabile, PI. Spruce. ! {an Mart. ?). C. obtusifolium. Rich. ex ic. Miq. Surin. t. 16 :
apparently a form with spathulate, blunt leaves. — An unarmed, high vine ; leaves variable ;
flowers yellowish-white ; calyx-tube 1'", stamens 2"', achenium ' 8'" long.— Hab. West
Indies!, Sw. ; Jamaica (Macf.), in thickets, Westmoreland; [Haiti; Honduras!, Panama!,
equat. Brazil !] .

2. C. eriopetalum, G. Don. Branchlets cylindrical, puberulous above ; leaves opposite,

elliptical-oblong, glabrous; spikes cylindrical, lax, often compound: bracts subpersistent,
linear, nearly as long as the glabrescent ovary ; calyx-limb cyatliiform, as long as the tube :
teeth distinct ; petals 5, oblong, villous, exserted, as long as the calyx-limb, thrice the length
of the calyx-teeth; stamens thrice as long as the petals ; achenium oblong-linear : wings 5,
broader than its transverse diameter. — DC. in Mem. Gen. 4. t. 5 A.— Poivrea, DC. ■ not
having seen the embryo, I refer it to Combretum, upon Planchou’s authority.— A trailing
shrub, nearly allied to the preceding; calyx -tube stamens 21", achenium 5"'-6'" long

—Hab. S. Vincent !, Guild. ; Trinidad !, Pd. ; [Cuba, Haiti].

3. C. laxum, Loefl. Branchlets usually tetragonal, pubescent above or glabrate; leaves
opposite oval-oblong or elliptical, glabrous; spikes large, half-cylindrical, simple, ebracteate :
flowers turned, to one side, lepidote ; calyx-limb turbinate, half as long as the tube, Globed,
internally villous : lobes deltoid ; petals small, eRiptical, glabrous, exceeded a little by the

? 17 ! iimes as lony as 'le calyx-limb; achenium “oval-oblong.” —

Aubl. t. 137 ; Jacq. Amer. Piet t. 260. /. 26.-C. secundum, Jacq. C. rotimdifolium.
Rich. C. .elegans, Kth. C. Aubletu, DC. C. lnicropetalum, DC. C. guianense, Miq. !.

. punctatum, Steud. . An unarmed, high, scandent or arborescent shrub ; leaves blunt or
pointed; flowers red or yellow, with red filaments; calyx-tube 3"', stamens 9 '"-12"' lone.

Hab. Trinidad !, Lockh., Sch., Cr. ; [Venezuela, New Granada, Guiana!].

2. CACOUCIA, Aubl.

Calyx-limb campanulate, shortly 5-fid, deciduous. Petals 5. Stamens 10-15. Drurte
pentagonal. Cotyledons fleshy. — Scandent shrubs ; leaves opposite, quite entire ; flowers
crimson , large > in an elongated terminal raceme .

iwtuf5' c°ccmea> Auh}- Leaves elliptical, glabrous or pubescent on the nerves beneath :
sWk.l r;l.C(;mes.'-usty-tonie»tosc ; bracts lanceolate-linear, equalling or exceeding the

, t -y l,lcdlCC] a C calyx-tube ; petals elliptical, shortly exserted ; stamens twice as long as the
calyx-tube; drupe large, obtuse-angled-elliptical.” — Aubl. t. 179.— The leaves said to be
alternate are opposite in our specimens, as in those described in Meyer’s El. Esseq but

3. CI-IUNCOA, Pav.

(Chicharronia, Rich. Cub.)

2-SZ7&tmL TTln-fom’ i5;fld’ dcciduous:1 Petals 0- Stamens 10. Samara laterally
, rl)g, ' thc 'nfenor and two superior ribs less developed. Cotyledons. . —Trees or
shrubs ; leaves alternate, quite entire ; flowers in spikes.

cent at lemrt^ liraucddets Puljcsceut ; leaves oblong or lanceolate-oblong, pubes-

eut, length glabrate, chartaccous, approximate at the top of the branchlets : petiole long,

t 2

276

COM BRETACEjE.

eglandular ; spikes axillary, peduncled, rusty-pubescent ; stamens exserted ; samara-wings
“ half-round, repand, subtruncate at the top, as broad as the longitudinal diameter of the
nut ribs obsolete.”— Rich. Cub. t. 43— Tenninalia, Sw.! Chicharronia intermedia, Rich.
—A shrub (Sw.), or middle-sized tree (Rich.) ; leaves 3"-lV' long, l"-£" broad : petiole
long ; spikes l"-2" long, bracteate; calyx-limb 1"' long, as long as the cylindrical
tube— Hab.’ Jamaica!, Sto., in the northern hills ; [Cuba].

6 C. obovata, Poir. Branchlets rusty-pubescent, glabrate ; leaves obovate, tapering
at the base into a short, eglandular petiole, glahrescent, rigid ; spikes compound, terminal,
rusty-pubescent : branches approximate, subsessile ; stamens exserted ; samara-wings oblong,
rounded at the top, horizontal, twice as long as the longitudinal diameter of the nut :
crested ribs as broad as its transverse diameter. — A timber-tree ; leaves 2a -12 long, i2
broad : petiole long : spikes 1" long, bracteate ; flowers as in the preceding ; samara-

wings long. — Hab. Trinidad!: Cr. ; [Panama !, Peru].

4. TERMINALIA, L.

Flowers usually polygamous. Calyx-limb cyathiform, 5-fid, deciduous. Petals 0. Stamens
10. Pericarp drupaceous. Cotyledons foliaceous, convolute.— Trees ; leaves alternate,
quite entire, or repand ; flowers in slender, axillary spikes.

7 T latifolia, Sw. Leaves obovate-oblong, tapering into the long petiole, glabrate,
or pubescent beneath, subeglandular at the base ; spikes simple, peduncled, cylindrical, $
above, with the distant $ flowers at the base ; drupe elliptical, pointed, ^onvex:margins
navicular-acute.- 80' to above 100' high; leaves 6"-12", approximate : rt of he

branches, often with small glands or hair-tufts in the vein -axils beneatl , bu ^ devcnd ofje
laree slands of T Catappa: petiole 1" long ; spikes usually half as lonB as the leave _,

woods, S. Anns, Mauchester, S. Elizabeth.

8* T Catappa, L. Leaves cuneate-obovate or obovate-oblong, rounded or subcordate

at the tapering base (rarely tapering into the plioie), ^glandular “above with

Glabrous above, glabrescent beneath ; spikes simple, peduncled cylindrical, <J above, with
distant £ flowers at the base ; drupe oval-oblong, rounded at both ends pom|r®ssed ; ? 50'
gins produced into a narrow wing .-Bat. Mag. t. 3004

jlma'ira (V«r/.) ; [naturalized from Cuba! to Guiana!; introduced from the old woild.
East Indies !, Arabia !, trop. Africa!].

6. LAGUNCTJLARIA, G.

Flowers polygamous. Calyx-limb short, 5-lobed, persistent : ? tube campanula. Pe-
5 minute deciduous. Stamens 10, included. Nut obovate, slightly 2-wmged.-A tiee
or sLb; leaves opposite, quite entire, veinless: petiole biglandular above; flowers in

Java. Amer. Piet. t. 79. — Conocarpus, L— Leaves oval-oblong

or oval "lone petiolcd’ glabrous ; spikes usually compound at the base, and white-pubescent ;

r -Hab Jamaica ! pd. WUs., March, common along bays and lagoons ;

Antigua 1," Wullschl, S Vincent !, Guild. • [Cuba ! to Bahia !, along the coast ot the Atlan-
tic and Mexican sea; Fernando Po !, on the African coast].

0. BUCIDA, L.

; W “ >*' «* t «*
— ; +*? — sttr

PROTEACEJE.

277

with the persistent calyx-limb. — SI. t. 189./. 3 ; Br. Jam. t. 23./. 1. — B. angustifolia, DC. :
the narrow-leaved form: other characters, assigned to it by Richard, prove fallacious, spines
occurring also in the common form, and the length of the petiole and the down of the flowers
being variable. — 20'-30' high; leaves variable; drupe 3"' long. A monstrosity of the
flowers, transformed into long, cylindrical, arcuate bodies, is peculiar to this species. — Hab.
Bahamas 1, Swains. ; Jamaica !, all coll., in marshes along the coast; Antigua!, Wullschl.;
[Cuba 1, S; Thomas !, Guadeloupe ! ; Chagres 1].

11. B. capitata, V. Leaves spathulate or ohovate-oblong, glabrous above, glabrate be-
neath, with rusty down persistent on the midrib and margin ; spikes ovate, long-peduncled,
rusty-pubescent; stamens shortly exserted : anthers roundish ; drupe ovoid : calyx-limb at
length deciduous. — Vahl, Eclog. 1. 1. 8.— B. angustifolia, PI. Spruce. 2438. — 30-60' high ;
leaves l"-li" long; spikes either short ( 2 diam.) or longer (8'" long, 3'" broad, Ryan in
Jib. Bis.) ; drupe 6"' loug. — Hab. Jamaica!, Pd., At., on limestone hills, Port Royal, S.
Anns; Montserrat, Antigua!, Nichols.; [Cubal, Guiana!, equat. Brazil!].

7. CONOCARPUS, L.

Calyx-limb 5-fid, deciduous. Petals 0. Stamens 5-10. Achenium margined, scale-
like. Cotyledons foliaceous, convolute. — Leaves alternate ; flowers in peduncled, globose

flower-heads.

12. C. erectus, L. Leaves lanceolate or elliptical, usually biglandular on the margin, at
the base glabrous or sericeous ; flower -heads racemose or paniculate ; calyx-tube not pro-
duced beyond the ovary ; stamens 5 (—6) ; achenia imbricated, cymbiform, roundish, con-
cave and keeled above, convex beneath, acute on the margin. — Sl.'t. 161./. 2 ; Jacq. Amer.
Piet. t. 78 ; Desc. Ft. 6. t. 399 : a form with hair-tufts in the vein-axils.

a. Arboreous ; leaves lanceolate, glabrous or glabrescent.

0. procumbens, Jacq. Shrubby ; leaves elliptical, glabrescent.— Jacq. Amer. Piet. t. 260.
f. 22.

y. sericeus. Leaves lanceolate or lanceolate-elliptical, sericeous with persistent down.

Hab. Bahamas !, Swains, (a, y) ; Jamaica 1, all coll. : a common in mangrove swamps along
the coast, /3 on rocks ; Antigua !, Wullschl., S. Vincent !, Guild. ; [Florida ! to Brazil! ;
Galapagos !, Marianne Islands ! ; tropical coast of Africa I].

LXXIII. PKOTEACEJ].

Flowers apelalous. Stamens 4, opposite to the valvate, coloured calyx-divisions, mostly
perigynous. Ovary superior, simple : style simple. Seeds exalbuminous. Embryo straight :
radicle inferior. — Leaves exstipulate ; inflorescence centripetal.

Roupala affords hard timber in Trinidad.

1. ROUPALA, Aubl.

(Rhopala, Schreb.)

Sepals linear, reenrved at the top, staminiferous above or at the middle, at length distinct
Stamens exserted. Ovary 2-ovulate, surrounded by 4 glands : stigma terminal, clavate.
Pericarp follicular, or at leugth 2-valved : seeds oblong, compressed, surrounded by a win- •
wing produced at both ends.— Trees or shrubs ; leaves alternate, entire, dentate or pinnati-
partite in the same branch ; flowers racemose : pedicels geminate.

1 . R. montana, Aubl. Leaves glabrous, ovate or elliptical, entire or coarsely serrate,
often complicated at the base, long-petioled : the pinnatipartite ones often wanting or with
narrower segments ; racemes axillary, pubescent: pedicels slightly connected at the base,
one-halt or one-third as long as the Sower.— Aubl. t. 32.— Leaves exceedingly variable, and
racemes of various leugth ; calyx 3"'-4'" long ; fruit bivalved, aeinaciform, 1" long.

[a. Leaves elliptical, pointed at both ends, usually quite entire, 2"-3" long.]

@. comphcata, K. th. Leaves ovate, shortly apiculate, quite entire or pauciserrate beyond
the middle, 3 "-4" long : petiole 2" long. — Kth. Nov. Oen. t. 119.

278

THYMELE2E.

7. heterophylla. Simple leaves elliptical or ovate, acuminate, coarsely serrate beyond the
base, rarely quite entire ■. segments of pinnatipartite ones 3-9-jugal, either large, ovate, or
small, ovate-lanceolate and lanceolate. — Simple leaves 3"-6" long, segments i"-4" long.

Hab. Trinidad! (ft 7), Pd., Cr., in the northern mountain-woods; [Isthmus* (a, ft 7),
Venezuela ! (a, ft), Guiana !, Brazil].

LXXIY. THYMELEiE.

Flowers apetalous. Stamens definite, inserted into the imhricative, coloured calyx. Ovary
superior, usually simple : ovule usually solitary, laterally affixed : style simple. Seed exal-
buminous or with a thin perisperm. Embryo straight : radicle superior. — Leaves exstipu-
late, quite entire. _ _ .

This Order contains an acrid principle, which acts upon the skin as a vesicatory. Animals
feeding on the berries of Daphnopsis in Dominica are considered poisonous (Imr.) . The
inner bark of Daphnopsis and Lagetta (the Lace-hark tree of Jamaica) afford an esteemed
fibre. In Trinidad the bark of Schosnobibltis is used as a substitute for rope (Pd.).

1. SCHCENOBIBLUS, Mart. Zucc.

Flowers dioecious. Calyx $ 4-partite, rotate, 2 • • ■ • Stamens 4, inserted into the
calyx-segments: filaments long. — A shrub ; leaves alternate ; flowers in peduncled, corym-
bose umbels.

I. S. daphnoides, Mart. Zucc— Mart. FI. Eras. 14. t.28.f. 2: the leaves narrower
and the flowers smaller than in our plant, which however presents no specific difference.—
Leaves subsessile, chartaceous, lanceolate-oblong, pointed, glabrous, 12' -8 long, 3 -2
broad; corymbs rusty-pubescent: pedicels filiform, 8'"-10" long; calyx- segments linear,
blunt, 4'" long, nearly twice as long as the stamens. — Hab. Trinidad !, Pd., in shady woods
near Arima ; [Venezuela 1, equat. Brazil],

2. DAPHNOPSIS, Mart. Zucc.

Flowers dioecious : $ with a rudimentary pistil. Calyx salver-shaped, supported by a
minute, denticulate involucel : limb 4-partite. Hypogynous scales 4. Anthers 8, subsessile.
Stigma terminal, subsessile. Berry naked : seed exalbuminous. Leaves alternate ; flowers
in peduncled heads or umbels.

2. D. Swartzii, Meisn. Branclilets puberulous : leaves chartaceous, lanceolate or lan-

ceolate-oblong, discolor, glabrous above, ho ary -puberulous beneath ; peduncles simple : flowers
shortly pedicellate, sericeous ; calyx-tube infundibular, thrice as long as the limb : lobes lan-
ceolate, pointed, recurved; berry “ ovoid.” — Daphne occidentalis, Sw. _ Hargassena, Or. A
shrub • leaves 4"-3” long, 18"'-10'" broad, tapering into the short petiole, pointed or blunt ;
peduncles pedicels 1'", calyx-tube 4"', limb U'" long; flowers whitish.— Hab. Ja-

maica!, Pd., Al., in the high southern mountains; [Guadeloupe (Wickstr)\.

3. D. tinifolia, Gr. Brauchlets glabrous ; leaves chartaceous or subcoriaceous, lanceo-

late-oblong, elliptical-lanceolate or elliptical, concolor, glabrous ; flower-heads eynwse, hoary-
sericeous : flowers sessile, 2 peripheries!, at length pedicellate, ceutral ones in both sexes ess
developed; $ calyx-tube filiform-clavate, 3-4 times as long as the limb, 2 mfuudibufar,
at length eampauulate : lobes bluntish, recurved ; berry ellipsoidal pointed, as long as tie
excrescent pedicel.- Daphne, Sw. Nordmauma, Fisch.Mey. Hargassena ftWA D ti-
nifolia, 0, Cumin gii, Meisn.- A tree, 20'-30' high ; leaves usually pointed 3 -4 long,
shortly petioled ; peduncles sericeous, several times dichotomous or 2 d-lurcate , J ca y -
tube 2 2'"-3'", berry 4'" long ; flowers yellowish, 2 wlth abortive authors and the

stigma subexserted.— IIab. Jamaica 1, Mac/., Al., Wils., March, JFullschL, in the southern
and western mountains.

4 U caribaea , Gr. Branclilets glabrous; leaves subcoriaceous, lanceolate-oblong, coll-
ector, glabrous, veiny; flower-heads cymose, hoary-pubescent: flowers sessile or ? subses-
sile central ones less developed; $ calyx-tube c/avate, twice as long as the limb, 2 in-

LAURINEiE.

279

fundibular, nt lengtli campanulate : lobes bluntish, recurved; berry ellipsoidal, pointed, much
longer than the very short pedicel. — D. tinifolia, Meisn., a. — Habit of the preceding ; leaves
usually narrower ; peduncles several times dichotomous ; $ calyx-tube 2"'-3'", ?
berry 3"', its pedicel scarcely V" long, and nearly equalling the spreading involucel. — Hab.
Antigua 1, Wullschl., Dominica!, Imr., S. Vincent !, Guild.

3. LAGETTA, Juss.

Calyx campanulate, fleshy, 4-dentate. Anthers 8, subsessile. Hypogynous scales 0.
Ovary hirsute, tapering into a short terminal style: stigma truncate. Pericarp “drupa-
ceous.”— A tree : liber formed of interlaced fibres ; leaves alternate ; flowers white, in lax,
ebracteate spikes.

5. L. lintearia, Lam. — Si. t. 168. y. 1-3 ; Rook. Journ. 2. t. 4 ; Bot. Mag. t. 4502.
— Daphne Lagetta, Sw. — 25-30' high, glabrous ; leaves broad-ovate, pointed, shortly pe-
tioled, evergreen, 3"-5" long ; calyx 4" -5'" long. — Hab. Jamaica !, Pd., Wils., in the south-
western districts of Vere, Clarendon, Manchester, and S. Elizabeth, on limestone rocks, often
in almost inaccessible places ; [Haiti].

LXXV. LAURINEiE.

Blowers apetalous. Calyx-divisions 6 (-4), imbricative. Stamens definite, perigynous :
anthers dehiscent by valves. Ovary superior, simple : ovule 1, pendulous : style simple.
Seed exalbuminous. Embryo straight : radicle superior. — Leaves exstipulate, quite entire.

All organs abound in essential oils. The Cinnamon ( Cinnamomum ) and China-Camphor
( Camphora ) are the produce of Asiatic Laurinece, naturalized in America. The fruit of
the Avocado Pear {Per sea gratissima) is much eaten. The embryo of Laurinea is rich
in fixed oil. Many are timber-trees, e.g. Nectandra exaltata and sanguinea, Acrodiclidium
jamaicense, Oreodaphne coriacea.

All the West Indian Laurinece belong to those genera in which the three interior anthers
are extrorse, and the six exterior introrse.

1*. CINNAMOMUM, Bl.

Calyx 6-partite : limb at length deciduous above the base of the segments. Fertile sta-
mens 9 : anthers 4- celled. Berry supported by a 6-fid or subtruncate, hardened cupule. —
Trees ; leaves 3 -triplinerved, nearly opposite ; flower-fascicles paniculate.

1*. C. zeylanicum, Bl. Branches subtetragonal, glabrous ; leaves ovate or oblong :
3 nerves prominulous on the nearly veinless, glaucous under-side ; calyx sericeous, cfrcum-
scissile at the middle; berry ovoid-oblong. — Jacq. Amer. Piet. t. 117. — Lauras Cinna-
momum, L. L. Cassia, L. .- the oblong-leaved form. — Hab. Naturalized in Jamaica !, Al.
and the Caribbean Islands ! ; [introduced from the East Indies].

2. PHCEBE, Ns.

Calyx 6-partite, wholly persistent. Fertile stamens 9 : anthers 4-celled. Berry sup-
ported by a 6-fid, hardened cupule.— Trees ; leaves alternate, archnerved ; flower-fascicles
paniculate.

2. P. montana, Gr. Branchlcts and panicles pubescent ; leaves ovate or ovate-lanceo-
late, puberulous (or glabrate) beneath : primary veins prominulous beneath, the loioest pair
opposite ; pedicels as long as the flower; sterile stamens 3, oblong; berry ellipsoidal-oblong,
blunt, much longer than the spreading cupule. — Laurus, Sw. / Cinnamomum, Ns. — Allied
to P. cmnamomifolia, Ns., and equally variable in the leaves. A large tree ; leaves bluntish
or bluntly acuminate, about 3" long : opposite vein-pair valid, 2"'-3"' distant from the base ;
calyx 1 long ; anthers oblong, as long as the filament : interior 3 filaments biglandulnr at
“J® , aS,°’ aS -g as thc 8tcrilc> puberulous stamens ; berry 6'" long, 3'" broad: cupule flat,

1 high, tapering into the turbinate pedicel.— IIab. Jamaica!, Sw., Macf., Al,., March, in
mountain woods ; [Cuba !].

280

LAURINE2E.

3. PERSEA, G.

Calyx 6-psirtite, at lengtli wholly deciduous. Fertile stamens 9 (-12) : anthers 4-celled.
Berry naked, supported by the thickened pedicel. — Trees; leaves alternate, arcli-nerved ;
flower-fascicles paniculate.

3. P. gratissima, G. Branch lets and panicles pubescent ; leaves elliptical-oblong or

elliptical, glabrate aud pale beneath: primary veins 5-6-jugal, prominent beneath; pedicels
shorter than the flower ; calyx-segments nearly equal ; berry large, obovate. — SI. t. 222. f.

3 ; Tuss . FI. 3. t. 3 ; Desc. FI. 8. t. 579. — Laurus Persea, L. — Leaves 4"-7,,> calyx 2 ",
berry 5"'-6w long. — Hab. Jamaica 1, Sio., A/., Bist., naturalized, common; Antigua!, S.
Vincent!; Trinidad!, Sieb. Trin. 69; [Mexico! to Pern! and Brazil; naturalized in Ma-
deira !].

4. P. alpigena, Sprang. Branehlets and racemes pubescent ; leaves elliptical, puberu-
lous and pale beneath : primary veins 4-5-jugal, alternate, prominent beneath ; flowers in
simple or once compound, pedunc.led racemes ; calyx tomentose : 3 exterior segments mi-
nute, roundish, thrice shorter than the inner ones ; berry . . . . — Laurus, Sw. — All ied to P .
pyrifolia, Ns., but fruit unknown. A middle-sized tree ; leaves 4"-2", inner calyx-segments
3"' long. — PIab. Jamaica !, Sw., Macf., in the high mountains.

4. IIUFELANDTA, Ns.

Calyx 6-fid, wholly deciduous. Fertile stamens 9 : anthers 2-celled. Berry naked, sup-
ported by the disc. — Trees; leaves alternate, arch-nerved ; flower-fascicles paniculate.

5. ES. pendula, Ns. Branehlets aud panicles slightly puberulous or glabrescent ; leaves
elliptical or elliptical-oblong, with a bluntish point, glabrous, glaucous beneath : primary
veins prominulous beneath, distant ; pauicle lax : fascicles distant ; calyx long-pedicellatfe,
glabrescent, villous within ; berry oval-oblong, cernuous : disc minute. — Laurus, Sw. !
15'-20' high ; leaves 5"-3", pedicels 3"', calyx 1"', berry 10"'-12w long ; interior fertile
stamens biglandulose, sterile 3 ; berry rounded at both ends, 6"' diam. — Hab. Jamaica !,
Sw., March, in mountain woods ; [Cuba !].

5. ACRODICLIDIUM, Ns.

Calyx 6-fid* or 6-deutate : limb deciduous. Fertile stamens 3, contiguous: anthers 2-
celled, subsessile, bursting with 2 terminal valves. Berry supported by a truncate, margined
cupnle. — Trees; leaves alternate, archnerved ; flower-fascicles paniculate.

0 j f)Lt j am ai cense, Ns. ! Glabrous (or glabrate at the summit) ; leaves lauceolate-
oblong or elliptical-oblong, shining, reticulated-veiny beneath ; flower-fascicles umbelliform :
pedicels purpnrascent, as long as the turbinate 6-fid calyx ; 6 exterior stamens wanting ;
berry ovoid, scarcely twice as long as the rugulose cupnle. — Laurus triandra, Sw. ! L. par-
vifiora, Pcepp. Cub. ! ( non Phoebe cubcnsis. Ns.). — 30' high ; leaves 3"-4", calyx 1 ', fruit
6'"-8''' loug ; flowers white, at length purple ; disc filling up the calyx-tube, pubescent,
bearing 6 exterior glands, but no interior or exterior sterile stamens ; cupulc at length 6
diam. T exterior margin exceeded by the appressed, interior one, which is formed by the
disc; berry dry, at first pointed, subglobose, at length rouuded at the top, but often the
fruit remains small, and included within the cupule. — Hab. Jamaica !, Sw., Macf., Wits.,
M‘Nab, Al., Wits., March, in mountain woods.

7. A. sericeum, Or. ( n.sp .). Branehlets and panicles sericeous; leaves lanceo-
late, pointleted-acuminate, tapering at the base, sericeous with scattered hairs, at length
glabrate above : veins delicate, reticulated ; pedicels ns long as the G-dcntate, globose, seri-
ceous calyx- 6 exterior stamens roundish, sterile, devoid of valves; berry . . . . Leaves
3"-4" long, 10'"-14"' broad : petiole 3"'-4"' long ; panicles racemiform, spreading, exceeded
by the leaves • calyx 1"' diain., filled up with sericeous bristles between the stamens ; 3 fertile
stamens with short filaments : anthers globose, with 2 minute, terminal valves; ovary ta-
pering into the style : stigma minute. — Hab. Dominica !, Imr.

8. A. salicifoliurn, Gr. Branehlets rusty-pubescent ; leaves rigid, lanceolate, or ob-

LAUIUNEyE.

281

long-lanceolate, acuminate, bluntish or pointed at the top, glabrous or glabrate beneath :
veins strong, costate and reticulated beneath with a prominulous network ; flowers in short,
axillary racemes, strigillose-pubescent ; calyx 6-fid, globose; anthers roundish, 0 exterior
sterile, devoid of valves ; cupule cupuliform, half as long as the ovoid-oblong berry : margin
double, exterior spreading, interior oppressed. — Laurus, Sw. ! Aydendron microbotryum,
Ns. — A middle-sized tree; leaves 4"-2" long, lO'"— S'7' broad, usually shining above, pale be-
neath : petiole 3"'-4'" long ; racemes often little exceeding the petiole ; calyx 1'" diam. ;
berry 5'"-6"' long.— Hab. Caribbean Islands!, Sw. ; [Guadeloupe !].

6. NECTANDRA, Rottb. '

Calyx 6-partite, rotate : limb deciduous. Fertile stamens 9 : authers 4-celled, broad, all
or exterior subsessile, or with a short filament. Ferry supported by a truucate cupule. —
Leaves usually alternate, arcli-nerved ; flower- fascicles paniculate .

Sect. 1. Eunectandra. — Anthers roundish : cells arranged in an arch.

* Leaves shining, reticulated-veiny : network prominulous on both sides.

9. N. sang-uinea, Rottb. Branchlets purple, puberulous ; leaves chartaceous, lanceo-
late-oblong or elliptical-oblong, with a bluntish point, glabrous or glabrescent, shining above •
network of veins slightly prominulous on both sides; panicle spreading, puberulous1; calyx
as long as the pedicels : segments oblong , blunt, pubescent ; anthers equal , sessile obovate-
roundish : 3 interior sterile stamens clavate; cupule short, cyathifonn, oppressed, 5 times
shorter than the ovoid or obovate-globose berry. — SI. t. 166./! 1. Jacq. Coll. t. 5. f. 2 —
Lam us Borbonia, Kb. Bks., Poit. ! L. martinicensis, Jacq. N. concinna Ns ? — A tree
59' high; leaves 6 ''-2" long, 2'"-]" broad ; calyx 3"'-4'" diam., white, fragrant ; interior^
fertile stamens biglandular on the back; cupide H'" high, turbinate at the base, subdistinct
from the pedicel ; berry rounded above, often slightly nmcrouulate, 7"'-8'" lono-, 3"'-4'»

ddATL Bahamas !, Swains. ; Jamaica !, all coll., common in the lowlands ; Antigua !
Peru' O’ D°ramlCa’ Imr~ ; Trinidad !> Sieb- Tr. 99 ; [Cuba ! and Mexico ! to Brazil 1 and

10. N. exaltata, Or. Branchlets brown, subsericeous ; leaves chartaceous, lanceolate-
oblong or elliptical, bluntish, glabrous or bearded beneath in the inferior vein-axils • net
work of veins prominulous on both sides ; panicle spreading, subsericeous; calyx as long as
the pedicels : segments ovate-oblong, blunt, subsericeous-pubescent ; anthers equal, rouudTsh •
3 interior sterile stamens clavate ; “ cupule urceolate, half as long as the ovoid berry.”—
Lauras, Sw. . _ Oreodaphne, Ai.— -Nearly allied to the preceding, and, without fruit only
to be distinguished by its oppressed, subsericeous down, the brown bark, and smaller flowers

~lh’S h, ee9bi vVeS 3 7, °Tg : t.he ,vei“-axi]s are bearded iu aU (except Swartz’s) speci-
meus , calyx 2 diam.— Hab. Jamaica !, Sw., Wullschl., in mountain woods of the western
districts, Manchester; Dominica!, Imr. 1

co"acea; Gr- Branchlets purple, glabrous; leaves leathery, elliptical-oblon-
wi h a bluntish point, glabrous, shining above : network of veins strongly prominulous on
both sides; panicles axillary, racemiform, cernuous, exceeded by the leaves, puberulous •
calyx as long as the pedicels: segments oblong, blunt, pubescent chiefly inside? 6 exterior

J su.6se*silf’ roundish, 3 flenor exserted, spathulate, with a biglandular filament •
o interior sterile stamens minute r» nvnfp . lvn,., mt o , / \ 1 *

tU ov n - V - r • V, l ’ n agrant ; d interior fertile stamens twice as Ion- as
L the Wghi mountains? ^ "*** ktera,-H^ Bator.,

^atens’ Gr- B^ancbluts greyish-brown, glabrous; leaves membranaceous at
glafrL^ ,0r 'HiP^oblong, often repand, with a bluntish point

a ilS lax 3„ l- Tk °f/e,ns sll°htl3' prominulous on both sides ; panicles

axillary, lax, spreading, puberulous above, usually exceeded by the leaves • cater often

pedicel: segments ovate, blunt, pubescent chiefly inside’; 6 ex-

e ile stamens tr 1 \ 3 mtmor W'hulale, with a biglandular filament :
stamens transformed into glands; cupule short, scute! late, supported by the length-

282

LAURINE7E.

ened, clavate pedicel •, berry . . . . — Lauras, Sw, ! ( non Phcebe, Ns.)- L. latifolia, lib. Bks.
—A middle-sized tree ; leaves variable, 6"-3" long, 3"-li" broad, shortly tapering into the
petiole ; calyx 2'" diam., greenish-white ; cupule- V" high, 2"' diam. : clavate pedicel 4
long. — Hab. Jamaica !, Sw., Macf., Pd., M‘Nab, Al., in mountain woods.

** Leaves mostly polished above : primary veins costate, distant, prominent beneath and
forming lengthened arches, secondary transverse.

13. N. membranacea, Gr. Branchlets purple, puberulous, glabrate ; leaves charta-
ceous, ovate-oblong or elliptical, shortly acuminate, glabrous, shining, polished above : pri-
mary veins 4-6 on each side of the midrib, impressed above, prominent beneath, secondary
delicate ; panicles axillary, exceeded by the leaves, puberulous ; calyx-segments ovate, blunt ;
anthers equal, sessile, roundish, interior biglandular : sterile stamens . . . , berry . . . . -Lauras,
Sw.! {non Phoebe, Ns.).— A high tree; leaves 6"-4" long, 2"-l|" broad; calyx 2 diam.,
white. — Hab. Jamaica 1, Sw., in high mountains, [Haiti],

14. N. leucantha, Ns. ! Branchlets purple, glabrate; leaves subcoriaceous, lanceolate-
oblong, oblong or ovate-oblong, acuminate (rarely blunt), early glabrous , polished, and
usually opaque above : primary veins rusty -coloured, 8-5 on each side of the midrib, often
impressed above, prominent beneath, secondary delicate ; panicles corymbiform, divaricate-
spreading, puberulous : pedicels as long as the flower ; calyx-segments oval, subtomentose
inside ; anthers roundish, equal, subsessile, 3 interior with a biglandular filament : sterile
stamens obconical, eglandular; cupule- short, scutellate, spreading from the globose berry,
thrice exceeded by it.— SI. t. 165. Miq. Surin. t. 59 A. 60.— Lauras Boroouia, Sw. FI p.
714. N. pallida, Miq. I {non Ns.). N. Pisi, Miq. — A middle-sized tree ; leaves often
rusty 9"-4" long, 3"-l" broad; calyx whitish ; anthers thickish ; cupule distinct from the
thickish pedicel, H'"-2"' high, at length nearly flat, 4"' diam. ; berry exactly globose, 5
diam., dark-blue.

a. Calyx 4"' diam. ; leaf-ribs 8-6 (-5).

p. Rodiaei, Schomb. ! Calyx 2"'-3'" diam. ; leaf-ribs 5- (6).— Miq. 1. c. t. 58— The

fruit of p is still unknown. T ia\

Hab. Jamaica !, all coll., common in the lower hills (a) ; Dominica 1, Imr. [P) ; inm-

dadl, Or. (P) ; [Haiti to Guiana!, Brazil!].

15. N. discolor, Ns. Branchlets and panicles rusty-tomentose ; leaves ^ subcoriace-

ous, large, oblong, acuminate, glabrescent and polished above , rusty-pubescent chiefly on the
ribs beneath: primary veins 9-10 on each side of the midrib, impressed above strongly
prominent beneath, secondary less prominulous, transverse ; calyx-segineiils ovate-obloiig,
blunt ; anthers subsessile, equal, 6 exterior roundish, 3 interior obovate : stenle stem

ovate-lanceolate:” cupule globose-urceolate, oppressed : berry (immatme) globose, included.
-Ocotea, Nth. — Habit of N. villosa, Ns. !, but ribs less numerous. Leaves rusty-coloured,
10"-6" long, 3"-2" (-li") broad ; calyx 4"', cupule 5 diam. — Hab. Dominica ., Imr. ,

[New Granada]. .

16 N mollis. Ns. Branchlets and panicles rusty-tomentose; leaves coriaceous, el-

liptical-oblong or elliptical, pointed, glabrate and shining above, rusty-pubescent beneath:
primary veins 9-12 on each side of the midrib, strongly prominent beneath, secondary
arcuate-transverse, tertiary network slightly prominulous on both sides ; WJWTf
ovate-roundish , anthers roundish, 6 exterior with a short, 3 interior with a biglandular
ZfrS* obsolete , o.p.l, . KU,- A11M to tie prafet

to N. riqida, Ns., from both of which it differs by the minute network o the veins i pro
minulous above. Leaves rusty, 7"-5"long, 3”-l" broad; calyx 2'" diam., pubesccnt.-IlAB.
Trinidad 1, Cr. ; [Mexico to Brazil].

Sect. 2. Macrandra. — Anthers ovate-oblong, much exceeding the calyx-tube ; cells of the

6 exterior in superimposed pairs.

17 N stamiaea , Gr. {n. sp). Branchlets grey, glabrescent ; leaves subcoriaceous,
oblong bluutish, glabrous, reticulated-veiny : network angular prominulous on ^otJ sides,

Vnenth- nanicles puberulous, lax, spreading, peduncled, mfratermmnl : pedicels
shorter than the flower • calyx-segments ovatc-obloug, blunt, puberulous, half as long again
^Te ^mem; autos sesrile, ^qual, puberulous, 3 interior biglandular : 3 mhirior sterile

LAURINE2E.

283

stamens minute, subcylindrical, eglandular ; cupule . . . . — A large tree ; leaves 8"-5" long,
3"-l£" broad, pale rusty-green, opaque or somewhat shining ; panicles small : branches
distant, pyramidal: pedicels long; calyx 4'" diam. : segments reflexed-spreading ;
stamens 1”' exserted from the calyx-tube; 6 exterior anthers ovate-oblong : cells suprabasilar,
superior pair distant from their bluntish top ; 3 interior anthers oblong : cells placed above
their 2 large, globose, dorsal-basilar glands, inferior pair extrorse, superior lateral, below
their rounded summit ; sterile stamens as long as the glands ; ovary globose, tapering into
the cylindrical style : stigma minute. — Hab. Jamaica !, Pd., M‘Nab, Al., in the western
and northern forests, in the interior districts of Westmoreland and S. Anns.

7- STRYCI-INODAPHNE, Ns. (1833.)

Flowers dioecious. Calyx 6-partite, wholly persistent. Fertile stamens 9 : anthers 4-
celled : filaments distinct. Berry supported by the expanded or reflexed calyx. — Trees ;
leaves alternate, archnerved ; flower-fascicles paniculate.

This genus was afterwards named Ocotea by Nees : Ocotea guianensis, Aubl., however,
being au Oreodaphne, that name would, if restored, belong to the latter genus, but is better
altogether suppressed, as Aublet obscured it by a misplaced fruit, and later authors used this
name for various unallied Laurinece.

18. S. floribunda, Gr. Branchlets glabrous ; leaves chartaceous, elliptical-lanceolate
or elliptical, bluntish, glabrous, polished above, reticulated-veiny beneath ; flowers cernuous,
in compound racemes (often monstrous) ; stigma peltate ; berry globose, supported by the
reflexed calyx. Laurus, Sic. ! Nectandra, Ns. — A tree or shrub ; leaves dark-green, 3"-Q"
l°Bg, 4 -2 broad, usually tapering at both ends ; panicles equalling the leaves, slightly
puberulous : pedicels as long as the flower ; ? calyx 3'" diam., with all the stamens deve-
loped, but devoid of anther-valves : segments broadly ovate, expanded : anthers 9, globose,
4-ceUed, 4-porose, as long as the filaments : interior filaments with 2 large, globose, basilar
glands : sterile stamens wanting ; ovary as long as the oblique style : stigma large ; monstrous
flowers larger, connivent : all stamens transformed into sepaline scale s, berry 3'" diam. :
ca yx spreading from its base, enlarged : reflexed lobes V" diam., rounded, as long as the
tube. Hab. Jamaica !, Sw., Pd., Al., March, in woods, S. Anns, Manchester.

8. OREODAPHNE, Ns. emend.

(Ocotea, Aubl.)

Flowers usually dioecious : stamens in ? , pistil in $ less developed. Calyx 6-fid • tube
turbinate : limb deciduous. Fertile stamens 9 : anthers 4-celled : cells one above the other
in pairs : filaments distinct. Berry supported by a truncate cupule.— Leaves alternate,
archnerved; flower-fascicles paniculate.

19. O. Leucoxylon, Gr. Glabrous, powdery-puberulous towards the summit ; leaves
chartaceous, oblong or elliptical, usually acuminate, bluntish, polished (or slightly reticulated)
above, with the primary veins slightly costate, and a lax, delicate network beneath • panicles
powdery-puberulous, glabrcscent, subcontracted, or spreading at the base : pedicels as long
as the flower, spreading ; calyx -lobes ovate or oblong, blunt ; anthers quadrate : filaments

Kl.Vbllv ,U'tCn0r stenle stamens in <? 0; stigma large; cupule scut ellate,

J one-fifth as long as the ovoid- globose, mucronate berry, distinct from the

warly, thickened pedicel. Laurus, Sw. I Phoebe mcmbranacea, Mac/'. ! ( non Ns.).— A

1 l,,aU1^flal) dark- at, ienSth Pale-coloured ; leaves variable, usually
r0IIS’ t »14 , br?»» Panicles exceeded by the leaves, black in drying;
S1 i ■ ■ , °.v’ raSran f “tyx.2 ! bcrry 5'" long, 4'" broad, black and somewhat

C,r U^lj 2 d,am- : warts of thc Pedicel grey .-Hab. Jamaica !,
" ocf ’ BanC1'\ Vls'' March> 111 mountain woods; [Cuba!, Portorico, Guiana 1, Brazil],

bluntisl^'n P/a7i/fl°,ra’ , (n?H ^r- PI- Carib.). Glabrous; leaves chartaceous, oblong,
...... IT' WItb the P"mary vci!ls costatc, and a lax, delicate network beneath ;

Li “ 1 ?r*V ajrescent, spreading: pedicels longer than the flower, spreading ; calyx-
ind^ '^ anthers quadrate-oblong: filaments short, 3 interior biglandular : sterile
V j, i , ’ 8 'Kn|a minutely peltate; cupule scutellate, slightly concave, tapenng
mlo the clavatc, rugulose pedicel: warts none : berry ... .-Allied to the preceding, but

284

LAUR1NE2E.

flowers smaller (1'" diam.) : and still more similar to 0. strumosa , Gr. ( 0 . coriacea, PI.
Carib.), of Guadeloupe, which is remarkable by its exactly globose fruit constricted between
the berry and cupule : its flowers are unknown, but the leaves do not quite agree with 0.
parviflora. Leaves 6"-8" long, 2" broad : primary veins 7-10 on each side of the midrib,
nearly equidistant : in 0. strumosa there are 4-6 veins, and the superior more distant. —
Hab. Jamaica !, Sw., in mountain woods : not named in Swartz’s collection.

21. O. cernua, Ns. Glabrous ; leaves chartaceous, oblong, oblong-lanceolate or ellip-
tical-oblong, reticulated-veiny : primary veins and network prominulous on both sides ;
panicles perfectly glabrous, spreading, lax : pedicels longer than the flower, cernuous before
anthesis ; calyx glabrous outside : lobes oblong, blunt ; anthers quadrate, oblong : filaments
short, 3 interior biglandular : sterile stamens in <J 0 ; stigma minutely peltate ; cupule
cupuliform, one-third to one-fourth as long as the ovoid-oblong berry , distinct from the
smooth, thickened pedicel. — Laurus martiniceusis, Sieb. Mart. 79 ( non Jacq.). L. exaltata,
Sieb. Mart.! ( non Sw.). O. marowynensis, Miq. ! — Easily distinguished from the glabrous
panicles, black in drying, with yellow anther-valves, the cernuous pedicels and reticulated
leaves.— A middle- or small-sized timber-tree; leaves 9"-3" long, ^^"-V broad; calyx in-
fundibular, powdery inside, 1'" diam. ; cupule 4'" broad, 4"' high, 2\'"-h"' deep : border
thick: berry 8'"— 10'" long, 6'" diam., purple. — -Hab. Dominical, hnr., uncommon ; [Gua-
deloupe!, Guiana 1, equatorial Brazil!].

22. O. coriacea, Ns. ( exclus . syn. Sw.). Branchlets and spreading panicles strigillose-
puberulous ; leaves rigid, chartaceous, elliptical or obovate, usually rounded at the top,
reticulnled-veiny , glabrous, usually bearded beneath in the veiu-axils : costate veins and
network prominulous on both sides; pedicels longer than the flowers, spreading ; calyx
puberulous: lobes roundish; stigma minute; cupule cupuliform, one-fifth as long as the
ovoid-oblong or oblong berry, distinct from the rugulose, thickened pedicel.— A lofty timber-
tree ; leaves 8"-4" long, 3''-2" broad ; calyx 1'" diam. ; cupule 4"' diam., 2'" high : margin
thin, appressed: berry 10'"- 12"' long, 6'" diam.— Hab. Dominical, Imr., in mountain
woods ; [Portorico, Guadeloupe].

9. AYDENDRON, Ns. and Mart. (1833.)

(Goeppertia, Ns. 1836.)

Calyx-limb 6-partite, tardily deciduous, spreading from the persistent tube. Fertile
stamens 9 : anthers 2-celled. Berry supported by a truncate cupule. Leaves alternate ;
flower-fascicles paniculate.

23. A. citrifolimn, Ns. Branchlets glabrate ; leaves chartaceous, oblong bluntish or
bluntly pointleted, glabrous, polished on both sides : veins delicate, not prominulous : petiole
channelled, subdecurrent; panicles fascicled, strigillose-puberulous, much exceeded by the
leaf: pedicels slender; flowers hermaphrodite; calyx-tube minute, much shorter than the
roundish segments ; 6 exterior anthers roundish, strigillose below the cells, 3 interior stamens
biglandular, sterile obsolete ; berry . . . .—A tree ; leaves 6 -4 long, 2 -12 broad : petiole
5"'-6'" long ; panicles 2"-3", pedicels IV" long ; calyx scarcely 1' diam. ; stigma miuute.
—IIab. Trinidad 1, Or., at S. Anns ; [equat. Brazil !].

24. A. bracteatum, Ns. Branchlets tomentose, glabrescent ; leaves rigid, coriaceous,
elliptical-oblong or elliptical, glabrous : primary veins, costate, 7-1 1 on each side of the
midrib, prominulous beneath, secondary delicate ; panicles short, corymbiform, pedunc ,
exceeded by the leaves : peduncle strigillose-pubesceut ; bracts large subpersistent, tomen-
tose; “flowers hermaphrodite; calyx-tube globose : segments rounded; cupule half as oi 0
as the ovoid berry .’’-Leaves 6"-3" long, 3"-H" broad; peduncles 3" long.-HAB. S.
Vincent (Ns.) ; [Guadeloupe 1, Forstrom in Mb. Sw.'].

25. A. sericeum, Gr. Branchlets and panicles sericeous; leaves rigid, chartaceous,

elliptical-oblong or ovate-oblong, with a bluntish point, subacute at the base, gla n escen
above, silvery-subsericeous and shining beneath : principal veins 4 on each side of
midrib unequally distant, costate, prominent beneath : vcinlets reticulated, prominulous
neath ; panicles pcduncled, often as long as the leaf: pedicels short, ckvate ; flowers -
cious ; calyx-lube turbinate, shorter than the oval lobes ; 6 extenor anthers roundish, wit
oval valves, 3 interior stamens biglandular, sterile 3 ; berry .... Eudhchcrin, •?. 1

GARRYACE/E.

285

pertia, Ns. ! — A tree ; leaves pale, 12 "-4" long, 3 \"-2" broad : petiole 10"'— 5r" long,
thickish, flat above ; pedicels spreading, V" long ; calyx 1%'" diam. — Hab. Dominica !, Imr.,
in the mountains, S. Lncia !, Anders., S. Vincent !, Guild.; Trinidad ( Sieb .).

26. A. argenteum, Gr. Brancklets and panicles powdery-sericeous ; leaves rigid,
chartaceous, lanceolate-oblong or oblong, pointed or bluntish, rounded at the tapering base,
glaucous and glabrous above, shining -silvery and early glabrate beneath : principal veins
12-20 on each side of the midrib, equidistant, costate, immersed above, prominent with
their sinuate arch beneath : veinlets reticulated, slightly prominulous beneath : petiole thick,
powdery-tomentose ; panicles peduncled, $ half as long as the leaf, ? shorter: pedicels
short, elavate ; flowers dioecious ; calyx-tube turbinate-campanulate, as long as the roundish
lobes ; anthers obovate-roundish, pubescent below the roundish, terminal valves: 3 interior
stamens biglandular, sterile 0 ; cupule truncate, half as long as the oval berry. — Oreodaphne
parviflora, PI. Carib. {non Ns.).—\ high tree ; leaves pale, 16"-6"long, 5"-l" broad : pe-
tiole 3"'-5"' long, half-cylindrical ; pedicels spreading, ■§'" long : bracts deciduous ; calyx V"
diam. ; cupule cupuliform, verrucose, appressed with a thin, subrepand margin, distinct from
tbe pedicel, 4"' high, 5'" broad ; berry 8"' long.— Hab. Dominica !, Imr. ; [Guadeloupe !, in
the mountains],

10. CASSYTA, L.

Calyx 6-fid, wholly persistent : tube at length baccate : exterior lobes shorter. Fertile
stamens 9 : anthers 2-celled. Nut included nothin the pervious calyx-tube. — Aphyllous,
herbaceous climbers, adhering by means of papilla ; flowers in small spikes.

27. C. americana, Ns. Glabrous; spikes simple, peduncled : flowers distant, white ;
exterior stamens elavate. Jacg. Amer. Piet. t. 1 1 6 . - — ( , . filiformis, Jacg. — Stems cordlike,
30'-40' long, running along savannah-grasses and shrubs; flowers 1"', globose berries 3"'
diam.— Hab. Jamaica !, Pd., March ; Antigua !, Wullschl., S. Vincent !, Guild. ; Trinidad !,
Pd., Cr. : a slender form in savannahs ; [Mexico ! to Brazil I].

11. HERNANDIA, I.

Flowers ternate, central sessile ? , lateral pedicellate, 3 . Calyx biseriate, 3 6-partite,
3-androns: filaments biglandular; £ supported by a cupuliform involucel, salver-shaped:
limb 8-partite. Drupe 8-costate, included within the bladder-like, inflated-globose, pervious
calyx-tube.— Trees ; leaves alternate; cymes supported by a k-leaved involucre, corymbose.

1. H. sonora, L. leaves ovate, pointed, rounded beyond the peltate base, about as
long as the petiole.— Ate. FI. 2. t. 143.— leaves 6" long; “flowers 3"' diam.; bladder
1| diam., yellow, twice as long as the drupe, with a terminal, roundish opening.”— Hab.
S. Vincent !, Guild. ; Trinidad !, Sieb. Tr. 84 ; [East Indies !, Pacific islands !].

laurus Chloroxylon, L. (SI. t. 197. f. 1 ; Br. Jam. t. 7. f. 1), a valuable timber-tree in
Jamaica !, Al„ March, from the quoted figures is no Laurinea. Upon Nees’s authority it
belongs to tbe Celastrinecc ( Ceanothus Chloroxylon, Ns.), but was omitted in that Order as
a doubtful plant. My specimens are mere leaf-branches, which from their 3-nerved leaves
had been compared with Cinnamomum, though they are alternate and stipulate.

LXXYI. GARRYACEiE.

Flowers apetalous, unisexual. Stamens alternate to 4 calyx-divisions. Ovary inferior
simple : ovules 2, hanging from its top : stigmas 2, distinct, sessile. Pericarp baccate!
Lmbryo small, cylindrical, included in the top of a large nlbumeu.-Slmibs ; leaves anno-
site, exshpulate , entire , evergreen.

1. FADYENIA, Endl.

3 Sepals cohering above. Stamens 4: anthers large, oblong-linear. ?: Calyx-limb
abortive. Stigmas reflexed. Berry 1 -seeded by abortion. — Flowers in aments, opposite,
single in the bracts.

280

CUCUIIBITACE2E.

1. F. Hookeri, Endl. Dioecious ; leaves oblong or lanceolate, mucronate-bluntish,
quite entire, tapering into the petiole, shining above, lurid-villous or glabrate beneath ; aments
elongated with distant flower-pairs: S axillary, branched, cernuous, $ erect, terminal
on small branclilets ; bracts connate at the base, exceeding the flower ; berry globose.—
Hook. Ic. t. 833. — Garry a Fadyenii, Hoolc. ! — Leaves black in drying, 4"-l long, Iff -O'"
broad : veins in a lax network, prominulous above ; aments hoary-villous, 1 "-2" long, or at
length longer in ? ; $ calyx globose, Iff1 diam. ; berry 3"' diam., crowned with the subu-
late, spreading stigmas. — Hab. Jamaica !, Macf ., Hartw ., Pd., M‘Nab, March, in mountain
woods, common in the Blue Mountains, Port Royal; [Sierra Maestra in Cuba!].

LXXYII. CU CURBITACEiE.

Flowers usually unisexual. Stamens 5, or less by abortion, inserted into the calyx or the
sympetalous corolla, often triadelphous : anthers large, extrorse (or marginal), usually flexuose.
Pistil paracarpous : ovary inferior, mostly 3-celled by the involute placentas : placentas 3,
usually many-ovulate : stigmas distinct. Fruit pulpy. Seeds exalbuminous — Succulent,
herbaceous vines, scandent by tendrils ; leaves palmatinerved, exstipulate.

Many Cucurbitacece are cultivated, the mucilaginous berry being often eatable. Thus, in
the West Indies, the Musk Melon ( Cucumis Melo), the Cucumber ( C . saiivus), the Water
Melon ( Citrullus vulgaris), the Bottle Gourd ( Lagenaria vulgaris), the Pumpkin or White
Gourd {Cucurbita Pepo, forms of which are the Squash and the Succade Gourd), the Pompion
(C. maxima), the Torchon {Luffa, sp. sec. Cr.), the East Indian Okra {Luffa acutangula), the
Cerasee ( Momordica Balsamina and Charantia) , the Chocho {Sechium edule), the i iper-snake
Gourd ( TrichoAnthes colubrina). Several species are used in medicine for a drastic prin-
ciple, peculiar to their sap, e.g. the Sequa-seed, or Cocoon antidote ( Feuillea cordifolia).
Shells of the Towel Gourd, or Strainer Vine {Luffa acutangula ), the Bottle Gourd, and
others, are used for domestic purposes.

Tkibe I. CUCURBITE/E.— Tendrils juxtapetiolar (i.e. transformed from a single

abortive leaf.)

1. SECHIUM, P. Br.

Corolla rotate : tube bearing 10 nectariferous glands. Stamens monadelphous : anthers
■distinct : cells bent upwards and downwards. Ovary unilocular : ovule single, pendulous.
Fruit large, indehiscent. — Flowers monoecious.

1. S. edule, Sw. Leaves cordate- 5 -angular, pointed; tendrils 3(-5-fid) ; $ racemes
axillary with a single ? flower from the same axU ; fruit obovate-oblong, glabrous, usually
mwicate, with 5 longitudinal furrows.— Jacg. Amer. Pict.t. 245.— Chayota, Jacg. Sicyos,
Jaca —Root large, fleshy ; stem smooth ; leaves scabrous ; flowers yellow, d 3 , ¥ 5 , b
diam • fruit about 4" long: “seed lialf-exserted during germination. —Hab. Jamaica!,
Hist.’ in thickets ; [Cuba ^cultivated in all the West Indian islands].

2. CIONANDRA, Or.

A: Calyx 5 -dentate. Corolla rotate. Stamens triadelphous : anthers all connate in a
cylindrical column : cells bent upwards and downwards. Ovary 3-celled, constricted below
the calyx-limb : cells 2-ovulate. Berry indehiscent.— Flowers monoecious , in axillary ra-

This senuf comprising, besides Bryonia glandulosa, Poepp. Endl. (N. Gen. t. 175), and
several suedes roughly figured in the FI. Fluminensis (10. t. 85, 87, 88, 89) is distinguished
from Bryonia byBits synantherous male flowers, and approaches Cephalandra, which w
said to have polyspermous fruits. Momordica macropoda, Poepp. Endl. (1. c. t. 173), is also
closely allied in habit, but will prove a distinct genus, presenting filaments cohering bdow
the top, and a polyspermous, 3-valved fruit.

2 C. racemosa Gr. Leaves puberidous, roundish, protracted at the bnse, mucronate,
inferior '3(-5)-lobed to the middle, superior sinuate-subentire ; tendrils 2-3-fid ; flowers

CUCURBITACEJI.

287

racemose, distant, pendulous ; <? calyx-teeth deltoid, distant : petals ovate-oblong, as long
as the calyx, tomentose : 3 filaments short ; $ calyx-limb cyathit'orm, minutely denticulate,
twice ns long as the stipitiform stricture, half as long as the oblong petals ; berry ovoid-
oblong.— Plum. Bescr. t. 97 ; Besc. Fl. 2. t. 136.— Bryonia, Sw. B. americana, Besc.
(non Lam.). — Stem glabrescent, angular; leaves 3"-2" diam., uppermost often narrow, sub-
hastate; flowers yellowish, ? 6"' long (the ovary included); petals 2"'-3'" long; berry
red, 5"' long, 3'" broad. — IIab. Jamaica], all coll., common; Trinidad!, Or. ; [Haiti to
Brazil !].

3. C. graciliflora, Gr. Leaves glabrescent, scabrous, cordate, deeply S-lobed: lobes
acuminate, middle ovate-lanceolate, quite entire, lateral angular-sinuate on the exterior side ;
tendrils 3-fid ; flowers in few-flowered racemes or solitary ; $ calyx-teeth subulate-filiform’
distant : petals linear-oblong , twice as long as the calyx, tomentose : 3 filaments distinct,
filiform; berry ovoid.— Bryonia racemosa, Macf. partim, PI. Carib.— Stem glabrous, angu-
lar ; leaves o"-2" diam. : basilar sinus open ; $ flowers 9"'-12w long ; petals 6'"-9'"
1*"' tbr°ad, suberect, not exceeding the anther-column ; filaments long anther-column

2 long; berry yellowish 8"' long, 6"' broad : seeds 6 or fewer, ovate, compressed, rugulose,
obtuse on the margin, 4"' long.— Hab. Antigua !, Walls chi. [Cuba !, Guadeloupe !].

4 C. cuspidata, Gr. (n. sp.). Glabrous ; leaves S-lobed to one-tliird, slightly sub-
cordate at the base: lobes deltoid, pointleted, denticulate, lateral spreading: tendrils bifid
or simple ; $ flowers solitary (or in few-flowered racemes) : calyx-teeth deltoid small •
tube turbinate : petals broadly oblong, half as long again as the calyx, slightly tomentose i

3 filaments short —Stem smooth, angular ; leaves 3" diam. (or the uppermost narrower
subentu-e) membranaceous, slightly scabrous or smooth, 3-nerved with transverse veins •
teeth glanduhform ; $ flowers expanded, 10"' diam., ? unknown; calyx 3'" long and as

broad at the top; petals 4"'-5'" long, 2'" broad, blunt ; anther-column shortly exserted —
JtiAB. Domnnca !, Imr.

8. MOMORDICA, L.

S Calyx 5-fid. Corolla nearly 5-petalous. Stamens triadelphous : anthers all connate •
celis bent upwards and downwards. Ovary 3 -celled : ovules co, uniseriate in each cell

^resttZfspec?et ^ ***' *nete(*e: fl°Wer9 m^usin the

, 5[ f1- C^arantia, L. Glabrescent; leaves deeply 7-5-lobed : lobes sinuate-serrate-
tendris simple hisp^uious; peduncles bearing a roundish, entire bract above the base (or
about the middle); $ calyx-lobes ovate -lanceolate, longer than the tube, exceeded by the
oro a ; ^ calyx constricted into a stalk above the crested-tubercled ovary ; fruit oblong or
of the 7 h Vanf.le ,? tbe SIze of the corolla and fruit, in the muricated or tubercled covering
long UCr’ 3U<1 ln tbe form of the leaf-tobes. Peduncles 2"-3", corolla 4"'-6'", fruit l"-5^

a Leaf-lobes pointed ; bracts in both sexes inserted less than 1" above the base of the
slender peduncles; fruit oblong, tapering above. — Mill. Ic. t. 171 • Rheed Mai 8/9
ft f W-loto dilated , h«* Sl» _

Besc. Fl. 8. t. 594 ; Wight Ic. 2. t. 504,-Momordica operculata, L. ex Commel PI Far
t. 22 : agreeing with a Guadeloupe specimen. ’ Jl' liar‘

-y. muncala, W. Leaf-lobes dilated: teeth bluutish; bracts of <? inserted about the

deJtete^th nrsn£teateftb * 1,eavcs Globed: lobes dilated, sinuate-

bract closeto th?twer X B.mple ; peduncles bearing a cordate, denticulate

as the corolla • fnl liniti f M ovate-lanceolate, longer than the tube, half as long

shorter ^corolla 6 Nnt ^ °fT * of ?

pro,,. Afrit, ! io the C,,« I™ „p Arab?«7m“iliS SdSf. “ J™* <**• >

288

CUCURBITACErE.

4. CIONOSICYS, Gr.

Calyx 5 -fid : <J tube turbinate, ? cupuliform. Corolla deeply 5-lobed, infuudibular-
rotate. Stamens triadelphous (-5) -. 3 (-5) filaments distinct, inserted into the corolla-base :
anthers all connate in a cylindrical column, which is shortly exceeded by 5 connectival lobes :
cells bent upwards and downwards, with 3 parallel anfractuosities. Ovary 3-celled : cells
many-ovulate. Stigma enlarged : lobes 3, roundish, foliaceous, reflexed. Fruit large, inde-
hiscent. — A high, glabrescent, monoecious climber; leaves 3 -fid (or entire ) ■, tendrils sim-
ple ; flowers single , axillary , greenish-white, large.

7. C. pomiformis, Gr. — Trichosanthes, Macf. ( exclus . syn. T. amaree, L.) — Stem slen-
der angular, glabrous ; leaves membranaceous, early glabrous, 4"-2" diarn., slightly cordate
at the base, roundish (or ovate, if entire), pointed, 3-fid to one-third, with the lateral lobes
spreading, deltoid, remotely and minutely denticulate ; peduncles ebracteate, <J 2 long, ¥
shorter • S calyx 8'" long, puberulous : tube half as long as the lobes, at length enlarged :
lobes spreading, ovate-lanceolate, at length distant, separated by a truncate, slightly toothed
sinus • 2 calyx-tube 5'" high, 6"'-8"' broad at the top, twice as long as the lanceolate,

distant lobes, half as long "as the style; corolla 1|" long, papillose outside, downy with
scattered, thicliish hairs inside: lobes ovate-oblong, entire, 3-4 times as long as the tube;
filaments hairy, half as long as the corolla: anther-column 4 long, 2a aiam. ; style en-
larged at the top : stigma 5"'-6"' diam., green, glabrescent ; fruit ovoid glabrous yellowish,
“ size of an orange : cells 9-seeded.” — Hab. Jamaica!, Fist., At., Wi/s., Wullschl., sus-
pended from trees in the mountains, along roads, S. Anns, Manchester.

5. CUCUMIS, L.

Calyx 5-fid. Corolla 5-partite. Stamens triadelphous: 3 filaments distinct : anthers
connivent, distinct (or “ slightly combined ”), exceeded by connectival lobes: anther-cells
bent upwards and downwards. Ovary 3-celled : cells many-ovulate. Fruit indehiscent.—
Tendrils simple ; flowers yellow, monoecious, $ single or fascicled m the axils, ¥ solitary.

8 C. Anguria, L. Annual, hirsute; leaves deeply 5(-3-7)-lobed : lobes obovate or

spathulate, blunt, denticulate, 3 larger separated by a rounded ®inus 5 ? ^o^lSwers
fruit ovoid, muricated with rigid spmules.—Mill. f. 33 ; Peso. 11. A rid 26. Howeis
small. — TIab. Jamaica {Macf.), common in dry pastures ; Antigua!, Wullschl.; [Guade-
loupe! \ Key West to Baliia].

6. LUFFA, Cav.

Calyx 5 -fid : <? tube shortly campanulate, ? clavate. Corolla deeply 5-partite. Stamens
5-tri-diadelphons: anthers distinct: cells flexuose, on the margin ot a sinuate connective.
Pistil of Cucumis. Fruit usually opening by a terminal lid.— Flowers yellow, usually mon-
oecious, $ in a lax, terminal raceme, ¥ solitary.

9 li acutangula , Roxb. Stem glabrous, angular-; leaves cordate-roundish 5-lobed
to one-third, pointed, scabrous or glabrescent; tendrils 3-fid (or simple) ; ■stam ens 5 ; fruit
nfilnnp- 10 annular smooth: lid small or obsolete . — Jacq. Ft. Find. 3. f. 74. Rheed. Mai.

in ^ size of the flowers dram.) Fr-urt size of the

Lumber at length having a frame-work of reticulated fibres: lid “ not separating spon-
tLLsly.’”LS. Jamaica8!, Fist., March, on fences; Antigua!, Wullschl. ; [Cuba to
Brazil! ;’ East Indies to Afghanistan !].

7. LAGENARIA, Ser.

Calyx campanulate, shortly 5-fid or 5-dentate Petals 5.
of Lujfa. Ovary of Cucumis. Stigma subsessrle. Fruit rndehiscent. 1 loners white, mon

^To Xj vulgaris, Ser. Softly pubescent ; leaves cordate-roundish, subentire, denticulate,

^t^ 4^1T^CucruWta L<^cLia^^Lc^imlh^2 ” 'diaLj^fLTLrialde^iii

Rheed. Mai. 8. 1, ^ "Cucurow Bagcnma, Antigua 1, Wullschl., in

*££$& LS— 'SKi. A the southern Hinted States],

PAPAYACE2E.

2S9

8. MELOTHRIA, L.

Calyx 5-dentnte. Corolla 5-partite. Stamens triadelphous (-“5”), inserted into the
calyx-tube : anthers 3, subsessile, oblong : cells straight, on the margin of an entire connec-
tive. Ovary 3-eelled, constricted below the calyx-limb : cells many-ovulate. Berry inde-
hiscent : seeds compressed. — Flowers monoecious, 9 solitary.

11. M. pervag-a, Gr. Glabrescent ; leaves membranaceous, cordate with a deep, open
sinus, pointed, sinuate-repaud or 3-5-iobed ; tendrils simple ; <? flowers in small racemes :
calyx-tube as long as the corolla: teeth minute ; corolla-segments emarginate in $ , eutire
in ? ; stigmas bifid ; berry ovoid (6"'-8"' long), “purple.” — Plum. Ed. Burnt, t. 66./. 2.
SI. t. 142./. 1. — Landersia, Macf. M. pendtfla, Sw., L. ex parte.- — Root fibrous; leaves
variable, often resembling those of Ivy, l"-2" diam., slightly scabrous with white points or
glabrate; corolla yellow, 2,"-3"' diam. , seeds with a sericeous down.- — Hab. Jamaica!, all
coll., common ; S. Kitts !, Antigua !, Wullschl. ; Dominica !, Imr. ; S. Vincent !, Guild. ;
[Cuba!, Mexico! to Venezuela! and New Granada!].

9. CERATOSANTHES, Juss.

Calyx clavate. Petals 5, bifid, with laterally incurved lobes. Stamens of Melothria.
Ovary “ 4-celled, constricted below the calyx-limb : cells many-ovulate.” Fruit indehiscent :
seeds subglobose. — A slender, glabrescent vine, with a large tuber ; habit of Melothria.

12. C tuberosa, Spreng. — Plum. Ed. Bunn. t. 24. I) esc. FI. 8. t. 538. Bot. Mag.
t. 2703. — Trichosauthes, W. T. corniculata, Lam. — Tuber several inches diam.; stem gla-
brous; leaves membranaceous, 3-5-lobed, 'd"~V diam., scabrous or glabrescent : lobes ovate,
pointed, subentire ; tendrils simple ; $ flowers in peduncled racemes or corymbs : petals
whitish, 4t" long, with acuminate lobes. — Hab. Grenada !, Wullschl. ; [Martinique, Vene-
zuela !].

10 ANGUltlA, L.

Calyx tubular-campauulate. Petals 5. Stamens diadelphous, inserted into the base of
calyx-tube : anthers 2, subsessile, oblong : cells straight, marginal. Ovary 2-eelled : cells
many-ovulate. Fruit indehiscent. — Teudrils simple ; flowers usually red, dioecious.

13. A. umbrosa, Kth. Glabrescent; leaves deeply pedati-'b-lobed to seven-eighths,
cordate at the base with a broad sinus : lobes subentire, 3 middle oblong, mucronate, ex-
terior semiovate ; d flowers in short racemes: peduncles as long as the leaves: pedicels
ebracteate, as long as the calyx ; calyx-tube green, longer than the oval, red petals : teeth
minute, recurved.— Root tuberose; leaves 5 "-6" diam. ; calyx-tube 7"'-8"', teeth 1'",
petals 5"'-6'" long.— Hab. Trinidad !, Pd., common in waste places ; [Venezuela],

Tribe II. NHANDIROBEdE. — Tendrils axillary (i. e. formed of abortive branches).

11. FEUILLEA, L.

$ : Calyx 5-lobed. Corolla rotate. Stamens central, 5 fertile (alternating with 5 sterile
filaments): anther-ccUs marginal. “Ovary 3-ceOed: cells many-ovulate. Fruit indehis-
cent. —Glabrous vines ; flowers dioecious, $ fascicled in long , branched racemes 9 “ soli-
tary. r

14. P. cordifolia, Sw. Leaves subcordatc-ronndish, augular-3-5-lobed or entire,
eglandular ; corolla-segments rounded.— Desc. FI. 3. t. 198.— A high climber ; leaves S"-4"
diam.; <J flowers orange, 6'" diam. ; fruit “ globose, 2" diam.”— Hab. Jamaica!, Mari.,
AC.y I a.t common in shady woods.

LXXVIJI. PAPAYACEzE.

Flowers unisexual. Corolla hypogynous, sympetalous in <? . Stamens 10, inserted into
the corolla. Pistil paracarpous : placentas 5, many-ovulate : stigmas distinct. Fruit pulpy.

v

290

PASSIPLOREyE.

Embryo in the axis of albumen— Milky trees ; stems usually simple ; leaves palmatifierved,

"rife Silky juice of the Papaw {Carica Papaya) has the property of rendering meat tender.
Its eatable fruit contains fibrine.

1. CARICA, L.

Calyx minute, 5-dentate. Corolla of $ infundibular, in ? formed of distinct, valvate
petals! Stamens biseriate, inserted into the throat of the corolla. Ovary unilocular.—
Leaves large ; flowers usually dioecious, in corymbs.

1 C Papaya, L. Unarmed, dioecious ; stem simple ; leaves deeply 7-lobed, glabrous :
lobes pinnatifid, poiuted ; corymbs axillary, S in ^en-upted panicles; fruitXar^bovoid.
— puss FI. 3. t. 10, 11. Peso. FI. 1. t. 47, 46— 10'-20' high; leaves often 2 diam , J
flowers 1” long ; fruit yellow, 6" long— Hab. Jamaica!, Dist. Al. naturalized and wild
(P. Br.) ; Antigua!, Wullsclil. ; [Venezuela!, cultivated in all tropical countries J.

2 C. cauliflora, Jacq. “Unarmed, dioecious; leaves 5-lobed: larger lobes pinnati-
fid, pointed ; corymbs simple, proceeding from the bark of the simple stem ; fruit ovate,
pointed.” — Jacq. FI. SchJnbr. 3. t. 311,-Hab. Trinidad {Don) ; [Venezuela],

O r* T (ex sun P. Br.). “ Stem low, branched ; leaves palmatifid:

bit, 'tiTfi&ZL&SLjk. it. , 38.-“ Stem 4'-5' light fruit .be of .
„l„„t (SIJ diam (Luii.).” — Hab. Jamaica (SI., F Br.), — >» tl» »la»d-«ood,.

LXXIX. PASSIELOBEyE.

Petals inserted into the calyx-tube, or wanting. Stamens inserted into the gynophore or
outside of a disc, opposite to the calyx-segments, rarely co . Ptshl paracarpous : ovary su-
perior, unilocular: placentas mostly many-ovulate : stigmas usually distinct. Embryo m

flip axis of albumen. — Leaves mostly stipulate.

The berry of some Passiflorce is eatable, but other species are said to possess narcotic pro-
perties, and are employed as medicinal plants.

1. PASSIELOllA, L.

(Murncuja, Juss.)

Cahn 5 (-4) -partite or deeply lobed . tube furnished with a crown, which is usually corn-
nosed of many filiform rays. Stamens 5 (-4), inserted upon the upper part of the gynophore,
P l l rvnc if flip (rvn null ore is wautiuff). Styles and placentas 3. Pei icarp bac

cate! yW°gscrohiculate.— The West Indian species are cirrhiferous, herbaceous, or shrubby
vines, scandent by axillary tendrils.

Sect 1 Cieca. Calyx 5 -partite : crown 3(-2)- seriate , exterior or both exterior ones
i; r, CnJlln 0 —Petioles biglandular : stipules linear-setaceous ormmute ; pedi-

*eS£m j.i* 'mi from tic flower : br.de.lc .. the jolt. minute or

none calyx rotate, yellowish-green : crown tinged with blue or red.

1 P minima, L. Glabrescent; bark at length corky ; leaves roundish or ovaie i-

rss 2; ?*L%2rJL

{■ -Annual ; leave. (» m . joi;t ; m.%w distant from the top of the

t dSuc Ayi&V-vt hewj 5'" diam.-llAD. Jamaica !, Pd., Al. ; [Cuba !, Haiti, Cura9ao],

1 'o p suberosa L Glabrescent; bark corky; leaves roundish or ovate, S-lobed:
2. P. suberosa, sj ,,, . f : ie bjn-landular above the middle : glands sub-

lobcs ovate or oblong (rarely lanceolate) . ^ ^ ^ M long as

sessile; pedicels 2 1 ; calyx y . ' „ 10. t. 205. —Pedicels jointed 2'" bc-

the carpophore. Jacq. If- Find. t. • . berry 5'"-G"' (-10"')

lonKth3^-5^EroS— Jamaica 1, List., Pd., common in crevices of rocky banks;
Antigua !, Wnl/schl. ; Dominical, Irnr. ; [Panama 1, Venezuela !].

PASSEFL0RE2E.

291

3. P. pallida, L. Glabrous; leaves ovate, rounded-bluntish above, entire: petiole
biglandular at the middle : glands sessile ; pedicels 2 ; calyx yellowish : crown short ; berry
ovoid, nearly twice as long as the carpophore. — Plum. Bescr. t. 89. Be sc. FI. 7. t. 460 :
bad. — Bark smooth, or slightly corky ; leaves 2"-lV' long ; pedicels jointed at the middle,
3"'-4"' below their top ; calyx 8"'-10"' diam. ; berry 4'" long, 3'" broad. — Hab. Caribbean
Islands; [Haiti, Guadeloupe!]

4. P. hirsuta, L. Stem pubescent, or glabrate ; leaves roundish, 3-lobed, hairy or

ciliate: lobes ovate, bluntish : petiole biglandular below its top: glands stipitate ; pedicels
2, jointed near their top ; calyx yellow ish : crown short ; berry globose, nearly thrice as
long as the carpophore. — Plum. Bescr. t. 88. — -Bark smooth or slightly corky ; leaves 2,,-l,/
diam.; pedicels jointed below their top ; calyx 6'", berry 3,',-4,,, diam. — Hab. Ja-

maica 1, Macf., Barter., Lane ; Antigua !, Wullschl. ; [Guadeloupe !, on fences ; Mexico ! to
New Granada!].

5. P. villosa, Macf. Stem pubescent or glabrate ; leaves ovate or ovate-oblong,
acuminate or blunt, entire or slightly 3-lobed, hairy or ciliate : petiole biglandular above
the middle : glands stipitate ; pedicels 2 (-3), jointed below their top ; calyx yellowish :
crowu short; berry globose, as loug as or twice as long as the carpophore. — Cav. Biss. 10.
t- 272. — P. multiflora, Cav. (non L.). — Bark smooth; leaves 4,,-l■^,, long, 2,,-f,/ broad ;
pedicels jointed 2"' below their top ; calyx 8,"-10"', berry 4,,,-5'" diam. — Hab. Jamaica!,
Wullschl., March ; Antigua !, Wullschl. ; Dominica !, Pair.

6. P. liederacea, Cav. Glabrous; leaves roundish, 3-lobed : lobes ovate, pointed:
petiole biglandular above the middle: glands sub sessile ; pedicels 2-1: joint distant from
their top ; calyx yellowish : crown filamentose ; berry globose, about as long as the carpo-
phore. Plum. Bescr. t. 84.' — P. lutea jamaicensis, L. and Sw. ? ( non Cav.). — Bark smooth ;
leaves 2"-4" diam.; pedicels joiuted 3'" below their top; calyx 12"'-16"', berry

diam. Hab. S. Kitts !, E/s. ; Dominica !, Imr. ; [Cuba !, Guadeloupe !, among maritime
shrubs],

7- P. angustifolia, Sw. Glabrous ; superior leaves lanceolate or lanceolate-linear,
acuminate , rounded at the peltate base, inferior ofteu difform, usually roundish-3-lobed :
petiole biglandular above the middle: glands stipitate; pedicels 2-1 : joint distant from
their top ; calyx yellowish, small : crown filamentose ; berry ovoid, longer than the carpo-
phore.—Cav. Biss. 10. t. 270. Jacq. FI. Schcenbr. 2. t. 181.— P. longifolia, Lam. P hete-
rophylla, Jacq. — Superior leaves 4"-3" long ; calyx 6"' diam. ; berry V" long, 3"' broad.—
Hab. Jamaica (Sw., Macf), iu thickets ; [Key West, Cuba !].

8. P. peltata, Cav. Glabrescent; leaves deeply 3-lobed, peltate at the base: lobes
diverging, oblong, with a bluntish point : petiole biglandular at or above the middle : glands
sessile; pedicels single, jointed, about the middle; calyx large, pale : crown filamentose;
berry ovoid, as long as the carpophore.— Plum. Besc. t. 85. Cav. Biss. 10. t. 274-
Leaves 2"-3" long, 3 "-4" broad ; pedicels jointed 4"' below their top ; calyx 15"'-20"' diam ;
berry 5"'-6"' long, 4'" broad.— Hab. S. Vincent !, Guild. ; [Haiti]. '

9. P. lineariloba, J.Hook.l Pubescent or glabrate; leaves tripartite: segments
diverging, linear, acuminate : petiole short, biglandular above the middle : glands subsessile
or stipitate ; pedicels 2 (-1 ), jointed above the middle ; calyx yellowish : crown filamentose ;
berry “ovoid.”— P. minima, Sw. (non L). P. peltata, Macf. (non Can.).— Leaves 1"-11"
long, 2 -3 broad: segments 3'" broad, common base 3"' loug, not peltate; caiyx 8"'-10"'
diam.— I-Iab. Jamaica !, Macf, March, on fences ; Dominica 1, Imr. ; [Galapagos!].

10. P. multiflora, L. Stem pubescent ; leaves entire, ovate-oblong, rigid, 3-plinerved,

rngulose and glabrate above, velvety beneath : petiole short, biglandular near the top :
glauus sessile; pedieels 4-2, jointed below the middle; ealyx small, yellowish • crown fila-
inentosc ; berry globose : carpophore 0 1 —Plum. Bescr. t. 90.— Liumeus remarked the liy-
pogynous stamens, the gynophorc being reduced, by which character Cavanilles's misinter-
pretation of the species is proved. Loaves reticulated beneath, 3"-2" long, 15"'-9"' broad ;
joint of the pedicel 1 -2' distant from the base; calyx 6"', berry 5"' diam.— Hab. Domi-
nica (L.) ; [Cuba!]. J

11. P. appendiculata, Mey.l Glabrous; leaves entire, ovate-oblong or ovate, 3
nerved, mucronatc : petiole biglandular below the middle : glands large, sessile ; pedicels 2,

v 2

292

PASSIFL0REA5.

jointed below the middle; calyx yellowish: crown long, filamentose; berry globose, sub-
sessile. — Leaves chartaceous, 4"—3" long, 28',,-10'" broad; glands 2'" above the base of the
petiole; calyx 8'", berry 4'" diam. — Hab. Trinidad !, Lockh., rare near Arima; [Guiana!].

12. P. coriacea, Juss. Glabrous; leaves transversely oblong, pointed or acuminate at
both lateral ends, peltate at the 5 -nerved base, truncate or slightly produced at the summit
of the midrib : petiole biglandular below the middle : glands large, sessile ; pedicels 2, the
uppermost racemose ; calyx yellowish : crown filamentose ; berry ovoid, shortly stipitate. —
Ann. Mus. 6. t. 39. — Leaves chartaceous, l"-3" long, 3"-8" broad; glands S'"-!/" above
the base of the petiole ; calyx 8'" diam. ; berry S'" long, 5"'-6'" broad: carpophore l"'-^'"
long. — Hab. Jamaica!, Pd., in woods above Manchester; [Panama!, New Granada].

Sect. 2. Pentaria. — Calyx 5 -partite : tube cyathiform : crown sub-S-seriate, exterior dis-
tant from the disc, filamentose, much longer than the middle subentire one. Corolla 0.

— -Petioles biglandular ; stipules and bracteoles of Cieca ; flowers scarlet.

13. P. regalis, Mac/. Villous with scattered hairs ; leaves ovate at the base, tapering
into a mucrouate, deltoid point, subentire or slightly hastate-3-lobed : petiole biglandular
near its top : glands stipitate, small ; pedicels 2-1, long, much exceeding the petiole, jointed
below the top ; calyx scarlet, subventricose at the base : segments linear, twice as long as
the exterior crown ; berry globose, half as long as the carpophore. — Approaching, by its
characters P. cuprea and allied species, it connects Murucuja with Cieca, and would belong
to the former section if the flower was not devoid of petals. Leaves 3"-2|" long, li"-l"
broad at the base : petiole 8" -6"', pedicels 1 \"-2" long : joint 2"' distant from their sum-
mit ; calyx spreading-suberect, 1" long, a little exceeding the elongated gynophore : seg-
ments 1-|'" broad; berry black, 5'" diam. — Hab. Jamaica!, Macf., Pd., Wils., Don, rare
along roads in the mountains, Cold Spring Gap in S. Andrews, Port Royal, S. Davids.

Sect. 3. Decaloba. — Calyx 5- partite . Petals 5. Crown of Cieca. — Petioles eglandular,
stipules and bracts of Cieca ; calyx rotate, yellowish or greenish-white.

* Leaves eglandular beneath.

14. P. rubra, L. Softly pubescent ; leaves roundish, bilobed, cordate at the base,
eglandular: lobes spreading, pointed : sinus mucronate, often produced into a rudimentary
middle lobe ; pedicels simple, 1-2, jointed near their top ; calyx exceeding the corolla :
both greenish-white : exterior filameuts of the 3-seriate crown reddish (or green), nearly as
long as the petals; berry rumpent, hairy, ovoid (or subglobose), 6-costate, at length longer
than the carpophore.- — Plum. JDescr. t. 83. Cav. Biss. 10. t. 278. — P. capsidaris, L. (ex
Plum. Ed. Bunn. t. 138./. 2) : a form with large flowers and angular fruit. P. capsularis,
Bot. Mag. t. 2863 : a form with small flowers and large fruit. P. erubesccns, Macf. —
Variable in the leaves, slightly or deeply bilobed, the size of the flowers, and of the fruit.
Leaves 2"-3", flowers 2"-l" diam. ; berry 2" long, or smaller, red. — Hab. Jamaica !, all
coll., common ; Antigua !, WullschL ; Dominica !, Imr. ; Trinidad !, Cr. ; [Panama !, Vene-
zuela I, New Granada!].

15. P. sex-flora, Juss. Softly pubescent; leaves roundish, often broader than long,
bi-trilobed, or sinuate-subtruncate at the top, eglandular .- lobes spreading, middle smaller
or reduced; peduncles tripartite, geminate: pedicels equalling the petiole, obscurely jointed
near the top ; calyx exceeding the corolla : both greenish- white : exterior filaments of the
3-seriate crown variegated-purple, as long as the petals ; berry hairy, globose, as long as the
carpophore.- Ann. Mus. 6. t. ‘S7.fi. 1.— Leaves 3"-2" broad, 2"-l 4" long; flowers 10"',
berry 4"' diam. — Hab. Jamaica!, Macf., Pd., Al., Wullschl., common; S. Kitts!; [Mexi-
co !, Cuba !, Haiti],

** Leaves ocellated with glands beneath.

16. P. rotundifolia, L. (non Sw). Stem pubescent, striate ; leaves roundish, obso-
lctely 3-lobed-sinuate at the broadly truncate top , pubescent, ocellated with scattered glands
beneath: lobes rounded, lateral erect ; pedicels simple, geminate, jointed near the top ;
calyx exceeding the whitish corolla : exterior filnincnts of the 3-seriate crown ns long as the
petals ; berry hairy (or glabrate), globose, shorter than the carpophore. — Plum. Ed. Bunn,
t. 138!/. 1.’ Cav. Biss. 10. t. 290.— P. alnifolia, Klh. P. bogotensis, Benth— Leaves

PASSIFL0RE2E.

293

2"-3", flowers ] 6'", berry 3W diain. ; carpophore o1" long. — IIab. Dominica!, Imr.; 8.
Vincent!, Guild.; [Venezuela!, New Granada!].

17. P. biflora, Lam. Glabrescent ; stem angular; leaves half-roundish, obsoletely
3(-2)-lobed or repand at the broadly truncate top, ocellated with scattered glands beneath :
lateral lobes or angles spreading; pedicels simple, 2-1, jointed above the middle ; calyx
exceeding the whitish corolla: exterior filaments of the 3-seriate crown nearly as long as the
petals ; berry (immature) globose, glabrous, shorter than the carpophore. — Cav. Biss. 10.
t. 288. — P. hemicyda, Meg. I — Leaves 2l,-lf long, 4s"-2" broad ; flowers 10w-12w diam.
— Hab. Dominica!, Imr. ; Trinidad!, Or.; [Guadeloupe!, Panama!, New Granada, Gui-
ana !].

18. P . triflora, Macf. “ Stem pubescent ; leaves glabrescent, 3-lobed, subcordate,
ocellated beneath : lateral lobes diverging, acute, middle indistinct ; 'peduncles geminate,
S-flowered; calyx exceeding the white corolla: exterior filaments of the 3-seriate crown
purple, tipped with white.” — From Macfadyen’s description it seems to approach P. holo-
sericea, L. (of Mexico, Veraguas !, and Cuba !), which, however, has a biglandular petiole
and different leaves. — Hab. Jamaica {Macf), in the district of Portland.

Sect. 4. Granadella.— Calyx 5- partite , supported by a large, "A -l eased or 3 -fid, persistent
involucel, the divisions of which are entire. Petals 5. Crown A-o-seriate : exterior
rows filamentose. — Petioles glanduliferous : stipules elongated, often foliaceous ; pedicels
single, axillary.

* Leaves entire, pinnatinerved.

19. laurifolia, L. Glabrous ; stem cylindrical; leaves oval, quite entire : petiole
biglandular at the top, as long as the spathulate-linear stipules ; involucel 3-leaved, equal-
ling the variegated flower : leaflets ovate, blunt, repand with large, marginal glands towards
the summit ; crown 3-seriate, as long as the flower ; berry large, ovoid. — Plum. Desc. t. 80.
Jacrj. Amer. Piet. t. 219. Besc. FI. 1. t. 56. — Leaves 4',-2,/ long ; flower 2f diam., white
with red blotches, and crown violet with white streaks ; petals equalling the calyx, a little
exceeded by the thickish filaments of the middle crown-row; berry 3"long. — Hab.‘ Antigua!,
Fuil., WullscM. ; cultivated in Jamaica ; [Guadeloupe !, New Granada !, Guiana!, Brazil!]!

20. P. maliformis, L. Glabrous ; stem cylindrical ; leaves ovate or ovate-oblong,
pointed, quite entire : petiole biglandular above the middle, exceeding the lanceolate-linear
stipules ; involucel 3-leaved, half as long again or twice as long as "the variegated /lower ■.
leaflets ovate, cuspidate, quite entire, membranaceous, puberulous within ; crown 3-seriate
as long as the flower; berry “large, globose, impressed at the top.” — Plum. Bescr t 82’
Sol Reg. t. 94.— P. ornata, Kth. — Leaves 6"-3" long; flowers 2", involucre 3"-5"diam •
middle crown-row as long as the flower; berry “ size of a small apple.”— Hab. Jamaica'’
Haters; Antigua!, WullscM.; [Haiti ! to New Granada !].

2,L. P\ q^drangularis, L. Glabrous ; stem 4- winged ; leaves ovate-roundish, sub-
cordate at the base, mucronate, quite entire, arch-veined : petiole bearing 2-3 gland-pairs

0*1 Zt*be0W te, TZlt' exceedlnS the large, ovate or ovate-oblong stipules; involucel
■ caved, exceeded by the variegated flower : leaflets ovate, pointed, quite entire, membra-
naceous; crown 5 -senate: two exterior rows exceeding the flower; berry large, ovoid.—

Ci v. Biss. 10. t 283. Jacq. Amer. Piet t. 218.— Variable in the size of flower and fruit.

6 "lone or in % r °nf ’ fl.ow®rs (“2") diam- ! petals rosy : crown violet ; berry
Perul,gBrazU !]U HA Jammca ” Waters> a woods and cultivated; [Cuba, Panama (

** Leaves palmatifid, palmatinerved.

or obovTfc rt?l7ata’ Z; . Glabr°us ; leaves deeply 7-5-lobed, long-pctioled : lobes oblong
middle Idlintf P°' ’ S,‘Z : Petlolu beal'in6 2 alternate, stijiitate glands about the

stipules the 8U™mi> much exceeding the elongated-filiform, deciduous

3-scriatc as Inm! ' ~fi 1 3 lonS as the flower : lobes ovate, mucronate, quite entire ; crown

10 2% n i ?°ofQ; bTCrry [aT » ^hosc.-’-iW Desc. t. 79. Cav. Biss.

lon„: f]' Ip^u i';77' 5 * * * * 10' fl d,4 ' Leaves 6"-4" diam.: petiole 3"-2", stipules 8'"-10'"

diam” LTAu4lid Pet®la r08y: crown blue, with transverse, white bands ; berry “2"
diam. -Hab. Dominica !, Tmr. ; Trinidad !, Sob. ; [French islands !].

294

PASSIELORE/E.

Of the allied West Indian species, viz. P. incarnata , L., 2 sessile glands at the summit
of the petiole; P.jHamenlosa, Cav., involueel serrate; and P. pedata, L. (Dese. PL t. 351),
involucel serrate, and leaves pedatipartite, none occur in our collections.

Sect. 5. Dvsosmia. — Calyx b-parlite, supported by a large , 2-leaved involucel, the leaflets
of which are divided. Petals 5. Crown 2-h-seritUe : exterior rows jilamenlose. —
Petioles hearing indefinite, long-stipitate glands, or eglaudular : stipules usually divided;
pedicels simple, 1-2, axillary ; flowers whitish.

23. P. pectinata, Gr.{n.sp). Glabrous; leaves cordate-deltoid, slightly 3-lobed, con-
tracted below the middle, crenulate-repand with minute marginal glands on the summit of
the excurrent veins : petiole eglaudular : stipules subulate, rigid, often glanduliferous at the
base; pedicels single ; involucel-leajlets linear, simply pinnatipartiie : segments short, dis-
tant, excurrent into a gland ; crown half as long as the narrow calyx-segments. — Stem
woody below, striate-angular ; leaves 2"-li" diam., 5-nerved, pointed, with rouuded auricles,
very glabrous, eglaudular- on the surface : petiole 6"'-8"', stipules 2'" long ; tendrils as long
as the leaves ; pedicels flexuose, about 1" long ; involucel 1" long, as long as the flower:
leaflets liguliform ; the middle portion -j'" broad, the segments 1"' distant from each other,
spreading, setaceous, slightly dilated at the base, V" long or shorter: terminal gland ovoid;
calyx-segments tapering from the 2'" broad base, exceeding the linear petals : exterior crown-
filaments 6m long, as long as the gynophore; interior rows formed of short filaments. —
Hab. Bahamas !, Hjalmars, Turk Islands.

24. P. ciliata, Ait. Glabrous, glanduliferous ; leaves 3-lohed, truncate or subcordate

at the base, subserrate, bearing long-stipitate glands on the serratures and the petiole : lobes
spreading, lateral semiovate, middle oblong, pointed : stipules multipartite, glanduliferous ;
pedicels geminate; involucel-leajlets bipinnatipariite : secondary segments long-setaceous,
excurrent into a gland ; exterior crown nearly as long as the flower, innermost entire. — Bot.
May. t. 288. — Leaves 2,,-l5,, diam. : petiole V-i", stipules 4'" long; pedicels II", involu-
cel 1" long: secondary segments 2"'-3'" long, ultimate exceeding the flower ; calyx-segments
oblong-lanceolate, long, equalling the lanceolate petals ; gynophore half as long as

the flower, half-enclosed within the spreading, innermost crown : 2 middle crown-rows
formed of short filaments. — Hab. Bahamas ! ; Jamaica !, Pd., in the Black River savannah.

25. P. foetida, L. Villous and glanduliferous; leaves roundish, 3-lobed or angular,
usually cordate at the base, ciliate with hairs and glands on the denticulate or subentire
margin : stipules multipartite ; pedicels 1-2 ; involucel-leajlels 2-pinnatiparlite : tertiary
segments long-setaceous, excurrent into a gland ; exterior crown exceeded by the flower,
innermost entire; berry ovoid. — Cav. Biss. 10. t. 289. Base. FI. 5. t. 375. — P. hibisci-
folia, Lam. P. gossypifolia, Besv. — Variable in the leaves and down ; leaves 2''—o" diam. ;
flowers white with the crown rosy ; sepals oblong, 1'' long or shorter, equalling the homo-
morphous petals, somewhat exceeded by the ultimate involucel-segmeuts. — Hab. Jamaica 1,
all coll., common on fences ; all Caribbean Islands ! to Trinidad 1, Cr ; [Cuba ! and Mexico !
to Brazil 1].

Sect. 6. Murtjcxija. — Calyx deeply b-lobed or b-parlite : tube campanulate or cyathiform.
Petals 5. Crown \-2-seriate : exterior inserted into the calyx-throat, jilamenlose or
entire, interior plaited or lacerate, covering the disc. — -Leaves ocellated beneath: petiole
eglandular; bracteoles minute or none.

The entire crown of the original Murucuja is, as Linnceus observed, no generic character,
and, though this section is a connecting link with Tacsonia, it is better retained in Passijlora,
into which it passes by Pentaria and by P. pendulijlora.

* Calyx campanulate, greenish-while ; crown partitioned.

26. P. penduliflora, Beider. Glabrous; stem striate-angular; leaves roundish,
slightly 3-lobed at the sinuate or subtruncate top, ocellated with scattered glauds beneath :
lobes broadly rounded, mucronulate, erect; pedicels simple, 2-1, often elougated-pcndulous,
jointed below the middle; calyx campanulate, exceeding a little the whitish corolla : crown
\-seriate, \2-\k-partite segments thickened above, orange-coloured, much exceeded by the
petals ; gynophore exserted ; berry globose, ns long as the carpophore. — Bot. Mag. /. 4565.

PASS1FL0EEJ2.

295

— P. rotundifolia, Sw. ( non L .). — This species hy its singular crown, connects Decaloba with
Murucuja. Leaves 3"-2" diam. ; flowers 1"-J" long ; berry 10"' diam. — Hab. Jamaica I,
all coll., common in the mountains.

** Calyx red: tube campanulate or cyathform ; crown filamentose.

27. P. oblongata, Sw. Glabrous ; leaves longer than broad , rounded or cuneate at

the base, 3-2-lobed or rounded at the top, 3-mucronulate, ocellated with biseriate, distant
glands beneath; pedicels jointed above the middle, equalling the petiole, simple, 1-2 (-5),
superior or lateral racemose : bracteoles setaceous ; calyx crimson : tube campanulate, thrice
shorter than the oblong-linear lobes ; petals linear, exceeded by the calyx ; crown short, fila-
mentose, distant from the lacerate appendages of the disc; gynophore nearly equalling the
petals ; berry globose. — Stem shrubby : bark rimose-corky : scandent brauches striate-angular ;
leaves very variable : lobes erect, bearing 3-4 glands between the lateral nerves and the mid-
rib ; pedicels 8"', bracteoles calyx-tube 4"', lobes 12'", petals 10'", crown-filaments

1'" long : interior crown reaching to the middle of the calyx-tube.

a. Leaves cuneate or rouuded at the base (4/;-l|" long, 3"— 1" broad) -. lobes 3, short,
blunt, equal, or the middle longer, or all obsolete.

/8. lyrifolia, Tuss. Leaves rounded at the base, oblong, bilobed about to one-fifth (6"
long, 3" broad) : lobes acuminate, much exceeding the middle macro, — Tuss. FI. 1. t. 4.
Besc. FI. 4. t. 255. — Hab. Jamaica !, Pd., M‘Nab, March (a) ; Bancroft (j8), eg. S.Anns.

28. F. tacsonioides, Gr.(n.sp.). Glabrous; leaves broader than long, subtruncate
or slightly 3-lobed, 3-mucronulate, broadly rounded or truncate at the base, ocellated with
biseriate distant glands beneath ; pedicels axillary, simple, 2-1, twice as long as the petiole,
jointed about the middle: bracteoles 3, setaceous; calyx red: tube campanulate, thrice
shorter than the oblong-linear lobes ; petals linear, exceeded by the calyx ; crown short,
filamentose, distant from the lacerate appendages of the disc ; gynophore equalling the petals.
—Stem, bark, and flower- structure as in preceding, but the leaves of P. orbiculata, Cav.
Leaves 3"-2" broad, H"-l" long, bearing 6-4 glands between the midrib and the lateral
nerves, which diverge in a right-angle : petiole eglandular, 8"'-6"' long : stipules lanceolate-
setaceous, 1"' long; tendrils as long as the leaves ; pedicels 12"'-15"', bracteoles l.)"'-2"'
long ; calyx-tube 4"'-5"' long : segments 12"'-15"' long, 3"'-4"' broad ; petals 8'" long,
V" broad; crown-filaments 1"' long : interior crown reaching to the middle of the calyx-
tube; immature berry ovoid, exserted. — Hab. Jamaica !, Wul/schl., Manchester at Huntley.

29. P. perfoliata, L. Stem and petioles pubescent ; leaves glabrous, 4-2 times broader
than long, shortly petiolcd, deeply cordate at the base, clasping with their rouuded auricles,
slightly 2-3-lobed, subretuse to 3-mucronulate, glaucous and ocellated with scattered glands
beneath : lateral lobes horizontally diverging, oblong, middle reduced ; pedicels axillary,
single, much exceeding the petiole, often equalling the leaf, jointed above the middle : 3
bracteoles setaceous ; calyx crimson : lobes linear, acuminate, half as long again as the
campanulate tube ; petals oblong-lanceolate, pointed, exceeding the concolor calyx ; crown-
leaflets linear, blunt, much exceeded by the calyx, approximate to the plaited disc-covering;
gynophore equalling the petals; berry large, globose. — SI. t. 143./. 3, 4. — P. normalis, L.
ex PL Cult. — Leaves 4/,-2'/ broad, l"-8"' long, cordate to the middle : petiole 2'"; pedicels
1"-14" long, jointed 3"'-4"' below the top ; calyx-tube 4"'-5'", petals 8"' long; berry 10'"
diam. Hab. Jamaica 1, all coll., on fences from the seacoast upwards to the mountains.

30. P. cuprea, L. Glabrous ; leaves roundish-oval, entire, mucronulate, shortly petioled,
reticulated on both sides, ocellated with a few glands beneath ; pedicels single, much exceed-
ing the petiole, jointed at the middle, ebractcolate, uppermost racemose ; calyx purple : tube
shortly cyathiform, much exceeded by the obloug-linear segments ; petals oblong-linear,
shortly exceeded by the calyx ; crown-leaflets liuear, blunt, much exceeded by the calyx,
approximate to the disc ; gynophore equalling the flower, dilated at the top ; berry ovoid-
globose. Jacq. Ic. liar. t. 606. — P. Cavanillesii, DC. {Cav. Biss. t. 273), probably a pubes-

lonn- Leaves 1 f long, 15"'-12"' broad: petiole 3'" long; pedicels 1", calyx-tube
rA ■’ 8®8mcuts 10"'-12"' long ; berry 6"' long, 4"'-5"' broad. — Hab. Bahamas {Linn.)
[Cuba 1].

*** Calyx red: tube cyathiform ; crown entire.

31. P. Murucuja, L. Glabrous, leaves bilobed, or transversely oblong, 3-mucronu-

29G

TURNEHACEiE.

late, shortly petioled, reticulated on both sides, ocellated with biseriatc, distant glands be-
neath : lobes rounded at the top ; pedicels simple, 1-2, much exceeding the petiole , jointed
about the middle : bracteoles long, setaceous ; calyx crimson : tube shortly cyathiform,
much exceeded by the oblong-linear segments ; petals oblong-linear, shortly exceeded by the
calyx ; croton tubular, entire, truncate ; gynophore equalling the flower, enclosed below
within the crown; berry ovoid-globose. — Cav. Biss. 10. t. 287. Tuss. Ft. 2. t. 7. Besc.
Ft. 1. t. 62. Murucuja oeellata, Pers. P. coriacea, Rich. ( non Juss.). — Leaves variable,
often with a rudimentary middle lobe, cuneate or subcordate at the base, broad, about
1" long : petiole 4"' long ; pedicels V'-lfl, calyx-tube 2"', segments about l"long; berry
long, 6,,r— broad.— Hab. Jamaica !, Bancr., in mountain woods ; [Cuba !, Haiti !].

2. TACSONIA, Juss.

Calyx 5-lobed : tube cylindrical, furnished with 2 crowns, one at the throat, the other
near its base. Stamens, pistil, and berry of Passijlora. — Shrubby vines ; pedicels axillary.

32. T. sanguinea, BC. Stem puberulous ; leaves glabrous above, hispidulous beneath,
equally glandular-serrate, inferior deeply 3-lobed with spreading lobes, superior oblong,
pointed : petiole 4-2-glandnlar : 2 inferior glands near its base, superior alternating near
the middle: stipules small, subulate; flowers scarlet; calyx-tube shortly campanulate,
twice as long as the 3 lanceolate, glanduliferous involucel-leaflets ; sepals and petals oblong-
lanceolate, thrice as long as the calyx-tube, exceeding the gynophore ; upper crown biseriate,
with both rows filamentose, lower subentire, a little exceeded by the calyx-tube. — Bot. Mag.
t. 4674. — Passiflora, Meg. Esseq.! — Hab. Trinidad!, Lockli., Cr., in woods at Arima;
[Guiana !] .

3. RYAN I A, V.

Calyx 5-partite, imbricate at the base. Petals 0. Stamens oo , hypogynous, inserted on
the outside of a disc or hairs : anthers incumbent, elongated-linear. Ovary sessile : placentas
5-4. Style simple : stigma minute, 5-4-lobed. Pericarp capsular : seeds smooth. — Trees ;
leaves entire : down stellate; flowers axillary.

The characters of Ryania recall Bixinece, but the distinction of Passiflorece rests upon
the stamens, which are free from the disc, and the wanting pellucid dots. The hypogynous
disc (perhaps a transformation of the gynophore of Passiflora ) is usually urceolate and hairy,
but replaced by hairs in R. parvflora ( Be/ess . Ic. 3. t. 14.)

33. R. speciosa, V. Branchlets and calyx rusty-tomentose ; leaves oblong, pointleted,
shortly petioled, glabrous above, puberulous beneath : secondary veins transverse, approxi-
mate; pedicels geminate, equalling the petiole, 6-9 times shorter than the flower; calyx-
segments oblong-lanceolate, as long as the very numerous stamens ; disc urceolate ; stigma
5-globose; capsule 5-valved to the middle: placentas enlarged. — Vahl, Fdog. 1. 1. 9. —
Leaves 6'' — 8 , petiole 2'", calyx long, the latter persistent, equalling the ovoid

capsule. — Hab. Trinidad!, Pd., Cr., in mountainwoods; [Guiana, Venezuela!].

LXXX. TUKNERACEiE.

Characters of Passiflorece, but stamens hypogynous.

1. TURNERA, L.

Calyx 5-fid or 5-partite. Petals 5, inserted into the calyx-throat. Stamens 5, anthers
elongated, erect. Ovary sessile : styles 3, penicillate-multifid above : placentas 3. Capsule
3-valved above, medianicide : seeds serobiculate. — Herbs or shrubs ; leaves stipulate ; flowers
axillary : pedicels often accrescent to the petiole.

1. T. -ulmifolia, L. Shrubby, virgale, pubescent; leaves biglandular at the baso,
oblong, ovate or lanceolate, acuminate, serrate above the cuneate base, petioled ; pedicels
short, petiolar : bracteoles lanceolate, serrate beloio, shortly exceeding the calyx-tube ;
calyx deeply 5-lobcd, exceeded by the large obovatc petals : segments lanceolate, acuminate;

TURNERACExE.

297

capsule much exceeded by the bracteoles: seeds many, cylindrical. — SI. t. 127-/. 4, 5.
Desc. FI. 4. t. 302. — Flowers yellow, 1£H long. — Hab. Bahamas!, Jamaica!, all coll.,
common ; Caribbean Islands 1 ; [Cuba ! and Mexico ! to Brazil 1 and Peru ! ; Galapagos !].

2. T. parvifiora, Benlh. ! Shrubby, villous ; leaves biglandular at the base (or
“ eglandular”), ovate, bluntish, coarsely crenate-serrate above the cuneate base, shortly
petioled, velvety beneath; flowers subsessile, free from the petiole : bracteoles linear , entire,
nearly equalling the calyx i calyx hirsute, 5-lobed, a little exceeded by the petals ; capsule
half as loug as the bracteoles ; seeds few, ovoid-globose. — T. tomentosa, Kth. ( non W.) : a
monstrosity with 6 petals. — Habit of Melochia Ursula ; calyx 3,,,-4,,/ long. — Hab. Trini-
dad!, Lockli., Cr.; [Guiana!, Brazil !].

3. T. Fumilea, L. Annual, hirsute ; leaves eglandular, oblong-lanceolate, iuciso-serrate
above the tapering base, shortly petioled, floriferous clustered : veins excurrent between the
serratures ; flowers sessile, inserted into the summit of the petiole ; calyx hirsute, 5-partite,
equalling the linear, entire bracteoles, enclosing the convolute petals : segments linear ; cap-
sule nearly as long as the bracteoles : seeds incurved, deeply scrobiculate. — SI. t. 127 -f 6.
— A few inches high, or spithameous ; flowers 2"'-3w long, tawny : petals clawed, with a
roundish limb. — Hab. Jamaica!, Sw., Wullschl., in sandy savannahs.

2. TRIACIS, Gr.

Calyx campanulate, 5-dentate. Petals 5, sessile at the calyx-throat. Stamens 5, anthers
sagittate. Ovary sessile : styles 3, entire below the 6-fid summit : placeutas 3. Capsule
3-seeded, medianicide-3-valved to the base : seeds scrobiculate. — A small shrub ; leaves mi-
nute, pinnatifid, stipulate ; flowers axillary, bibracteolate, shortly pedicellate.

This genus is intermediate between Turnera and Piriqueta : it is distinguished from
Turnera by its calyx and the capsule-valves of Piriqueta , from the latter by the less divided
styles, the inflorescence and habit, and from both by its 3-seeded capsule.

4. T. microphylla, Gr. — Turnera, Test). — Habit of Ayenia ; branchlets spreading,
rugulose-warty, hairy, glahresccnt : inferior interuodes much longer than the leaves ; leaves
2"'-3'" long, 1"' broad, eglandular, glabrous above, hairy beneath, plaited with impressed
lines between the lobes : lobes 3-4-jugal, revolute on the margin, ovate, pointed : petiole
very short; pedicels 1'" long, or shorter, from the axils of clustered leaves; calyx 2'" long :
campanulate tube as long as or longer than the oblong, subentire bracteoles : teeth ovate,
pointed, 3-4 times shorter than the tube, a little exceeded by the spathulate, sessile petals ;
stameus equalling the calyx-tube ; ovary strigose ; capsule subglobose, exceeding the bracte-
oles ; seeds bluntly cylindrical, slightly incurved, minutely scrobiculate : caruncle minute. —
Hab. Bahamas 1, Swains. ; [Cuba !, Haiti].

3. TRIBOLACIS, Gr. (n. yen.).

Calyx clavate, constricted above the base, 5-dentate. Petals 5, sessile, inserted into the
middle of the calyx-tube. Stamens 5 : anthers incumbent. Ovary sessile; styles 3, filiform,
entire below the 3-fid summit : placeutas 3. Capsule 3-secded, mediauicide-3-valved to
the base : seeds scrobiculate. — A suffrutescent, glabrous, rush-like herb ; leaves filiform,
sessile, exstipulate ; flowers in a few-flowered, terminal raceme : pedicels short, continuous
Z-bracteolate at the top.

Ibis genus approaches Piriqueta. its stiff habit is quite peculiar, and recalls some
Linaria.

5. T. juncea, Gr.— Root slender, creeping, perennial, with a csespitose tuft of stiff
stems and branches; stem 1' high, 1"' thick or less, much branched at the base, striate-
cylindncal, growing aphyllous below at the time of flowering; leaves distant, 12"'-6"' long,

* broad, the uppermost decrescent, transformed into bracts ; raceme 6-10-flowered, inter-
rupted below : pedicels long ; calyx 4"' long : subeylindrieal base 1"' long, as long as the
oblong-linear bracteoles, distinct by a slight stricture from the upper clavate portion : teeth

* long, pointed, traceable downwards, where they are connected by the membraneous part
of the tube ; petals delicate, convolute, spathulate, 3W long, shortly exserted ; stamens ad-
herent a little to the lowest part of the calyx-base, equalling the calyx : anthers oblong ;

298

LOASEiE.

styles delicate, trifid to one-fourth, much longer than the unilocular ovary ; capsule globose,
exceeding the persistent bracteoles ; seeds pale, minutely scrobiculate, shortly and bluntly
cylindrical, slightly incurved : caruncle decurrent by a short, wing-like appendage, as in Piri-
queta cistoides. — Hab. Trinidad !, Or., at Piareo.

4. PIRIQUETA, Aubl.

Calyx 5-fid. Petals 5, sessile at the calyx-throat. Stamens 5, hypogynous ; anthers in-
serted above their base. Ovary sessile : styles 3, bipartite, with the filiform segments mul-
tifid-penicillate at the summit : placentas 3. Capsule 3-valved to the base, mediauicide :
seeds scrobiculate. — Annual herbs; leaves exstipulate ; flowers in a terminal raceme or
corymb : pedicels jointed above the middle, ebracteolate.

6. P. cistoides, Gr. Pilose (or glabrescent) ; leaves eglandular , lanceolate or lanceo-
late-linear, bluntish, remotely serrate or serrate-repand, usually tomentose with stellate down
beneath aud pilose ; raceme leafy, few-flowered : pedicel 2-3 times exceeded by the bract. —
St. t. 127./". 7. — Turnera, L. P. jonidioides, Rich. — A variable plant, resembling a Heli-
anthemum by its yellow, delicate petals ; flowers 6'" diam. — Hab. Jamaica 1, all coll., com-
mon on arid plains ; Domiuica 1, Imr. ; Trinidad 1, Cr. ; [Cuba aud Panama 1 to Brazil !].

LXXXI. IIOMALINEiE.

Stamens inserted into the calyx-throat, alternate to or fascicled alternately with the calyx-
segments, and ovary usually semi-inferior : other characters of Passiflorece. — Woody plants.

1. HOMALIUM, Jacq.

Calyx-tube turbinate : limb 6-7-partite. Petals 6-7, inserted into the calyx-throat.
Stamen-bundles opposite to the petals, alternating with as many glands. Ovary semi-infe-
rior : styles 3 : placentas 3. Capsule medianicide-3-valved at the top. — Leaves serrate or
subentire ; flowers in spiciform racemes.

1. H. racemosura, Jacq. Leaves elliptical-oblong, papery, serrate, glabrous ; racemes
axillary, long: flowers shortly pedicellate; staminal bundles 3 (-“4 ”)-androus. — Jacq.
Amer. Piet. t. 261. /. 43 : the flower ; Sw. FI. t. 17: analyt.— A tree or shrub ; leaves
5"-3" long; flowers 8"' diam. : petals greenish-yellow, sessile. — Hab. Jamaica!, Macf.,
Pd., March, in mountain woods ; Dominica !, Imr. ; [Cuba !, Erench islands !].

LXXXII. LOASEiE.

Stamens mostly indefinite, epigynous. Pistil paracarpous : ovary inferior, uuilocular :
style 1. Fruit capsular, rarely baccate : placentas intervalvular : seeds albuminose.— Herbs,
mostly armed with stinging hairs ; leaves exstipulate.

1. MENTZELIA, I.

Calyx-tube cylindrical or clavate: limb 5 -partite. Petals 5. Stamens co, exterior often
dilated. Capsule 3-valved at the top. — Leaves alternate.

1. M. aspera, L. Rough with glochidate and simple hairs; leaves petiolcd, hastate-
3-lobcd or “ pauduriform 13 ( Linn .), unequally serrate ; petals oval, a little exscrlcd ; stamens
20—30, half as long as the corolla, 5 exterior filaments spathulatc ; capsule clavate-cylin-
drical, few-seeded. — A tall, annual weed; flowers yellow, small, _ 8'"— 10"' diam.— Hab. Ja-
maica ( P . Br., Macf.), in dry savannahs near Kingston; [Haiti; Mexico ! ; to Panama!;
Galapagos I].

ARIST0L0CHIACE2E.

299

LXXXIIT. AEISTOLOCHIACEiE.

Flowers apetalous. Calyx coloured. Stamens epigynous : anthers extrorse, often adnate
to the style. Ovary paracarpous, at length 6-3-celled by the mauy-ovulate placentas cohering
in the axis : stigma divided. Embryo minute, in the top of fleshy endosperm. — Leaves
alternate, often cordate.

Tonic, aromatic, or acrid principles are general, and several West Indian species are, as
medical plants, analogous to the North American Serpentaria, e.g. Aristolochia odoratis-
sima. A. trilobata is reputed as an antidote agaiust the bite of serpents ; A. grandiflora
is poisonous. The majority of West Indian Aristolochiee is confined to Cuba and Haiti.

1. ARISTOLOCHIA, L.

Calyx-limb irregular, usually unilabiate, inflated-tubular at the base. Anthers 6-5, sub-
sessile in the column. Ovary 6-5-celled : style-canal conspicuous : stigma 6-3-lobed.
Capsule upwards septicide. — Herbs or shrubs', often twining ; stipules axillary or none ;
flowers usually axillary and lurid.

Sect. Gvmnolobus, Puchartr. (Howardia, Kl.). — Column naked, i.e. devoid of transverse

appendages : anthers 6, single beloio the 6 stigma-lobes. — Flowers in our species solitary

in the axils.

* Calyx-limb bilabiate, large.

1. A. ringens, V. Glabrous, twining; leaves reniform, pedatinerved : basilar sinus
broadly spreading : stipules cordate-roundish, persistent ; calyx-limb bilabiate, inflexed :
base obovoid, longer than the constricted tube : upper lip linear-oblong, conduplicate, lower
somewhat shorter, roundish, contracted into a long claw. — Vahl, Symb. t. 47- — A. grandi-
flora, V. ( non Svj.).- — -Leaves 3"-5" diam. ; size ot flower variable : inflated calyx-base l"-2",
inllexcd tube 8"'-12"', upper subsessile lip 4", lower (the claw included) about 3" long, its
lamina 10'''-12"' diam. — IIab. Jamaica !, Pd. ; [Venezuela!, New Granada!].

** Calyx-lip single, peltate.

2. A. grandiflora, Sw. Glabrous or glabrescent, twining; leaves cordate, pointed,
pedatinerved : basilar sinus open : stipules none ; pedicels long, bracteate about the middle ;
calyx-limb unilabiale, inflexed, very large : tube oblique, 6-costate, 6-gibbous at the base :
lip peltate, broadly ovate, irregularly undnlate-crenate, entire at the base, produced at the
top into a long, filiform tail. — fuss. FI. 1. t. 27 ; Pesc. FI. 3. I. 157. — A. arborescens.
Peso. A. gigas, Lindl. A. feetens, Lindl. — Leaves 3"-5" diam. ; flowers variegated-purple,
very variable in size : lip 8"-4" (-2") long, twice as long as the inflated, erect portion of
the tube, the tail a foot to several inches long.- — LIab. Jamaica !, all coll.

3. A. odoratissima, L. Glabrous, twining ; leaves cordate, pointed, pedatinerved :
basilar sinus open : stipules oval, subpersistent ; calyx-limb unilabiate, inflexed above the
inflated base : constricted tube-portion short: lip peltate, cordate-oblong, longer than the
tube, mucronate. — SI. t. 104./. 1; Peso. FI. 5. t. 356.--A. glaucescens, Kth. (Nov. Gen.
2. t. 115) has the same flower.— Leaves 4"-5" long; inflated base of the calyx-limb 6"'-8'",
cylindrical reflexed portion 6"', lip ] /-2-t", mucro 2'" long.— IIab. Jamaica!, Pd., Mac/.,
Pist., March; [Panama 1, Venezuela!].

*** Calyx-lip single, unilateral, distinct from the truncate tube.

4. A. barbata, Jacq. Stem twining, glabrescent; leaves cordate-oblong, bluntish, pe-
datinerved, puberulous beneath: basilar sinus open: stipules none; calyx-limb incurved,
infundibular above, abruptly unilabiate at its truncate mouth : lip short, roundish, con-
tracted at the base, devoid of a terminal appendage, internally pilose above the middle.
—Jacq. Ic. Far. t. 608. — Leaves 3” long ; inflated base of the calyx-limb 8"', upper portion

^e tube 12'" long, lip 6"' diam.: tube purple-variegated, enlarged from the middle,
H -10 diam. at its mouth : lip black at the pilose part. — IIab. Trinidad 1, Or., at S.
Anns ; [Venezuela],

•>. A. trilobata, L. Stem twining, glabrescent; leaves 3 -lobed, truncate or subcor-

300

CACTEiE.

date at the base, pedatiuerved, puberulous beneath : lobes spreading, oblong or ovate-oblong,
blunt : stipules cordate-roundish, large, persistent ; calyx-limb indexed, 6-spurred at the
base, cainpanulate, abruptly unilabiate at its truncate mouth : lip roundish or ovate-oblong,
produced at the top into a long , filiform tail. — Jacq. Eclog. t. 26 ; Bot. Mag. t. 3769. — A.
macrura, Mart. A. caudata, Hook. ( non L.). — Leaves 3''-6", stipules l^-l i" diam. ; inflated
base of the calyx-limb ovoid, l"-2" long : basilar spurs bluntly filiform, 2"'-3"' long : upper
portion of the tube 2"-2£" long : lip 8"' diam., tail several inches to above a foot long. —
LIab. Jamaica!, Hist., Wils.; Antigua!, Wullschl.; Dominica !, Imr. ; Barbadoes!; Tri-
nidad!, Sch.; [S. Thomas!, Guadeloupe!; Panama!, Guiana!, Brazil!].

**** Calyx-lip single , continuous with the tube.

6. A. obtusata, Sw. Stem twining, glabrous ; leaves cordate-oblong, bluntish, pe-
datinerved, puberulous beneath : basilar sinus narrow, open : stipules none ; calyx-limb
“ straight : lip continuous with the tube, ovates blunt, devoid of a terminal appendage, ex-
ternally pubescent.” — Plum. Ed. Burm. t. 33. — Leaves 3"-4,') calyx-limb 1” long. — Hab.
S. Vincent!, Guild.; [Guadeloupe!].

LXXXIY. CACTEiE.

Sepals, petals, and stamens indefinite, connected below. Pistil paracarpous : ovary in-
ferior, unilocular, many-ovulate : stigmas distinct. Pericarp baccate. Seeds exalbuminose,
or with a scanty, central albumen.— Succulent plants; leaves mostly abortive, transformed
into spine fascicles ; flowers sessile.

The berries of many Caclece are eatable. Of this Order I possess only scanty materials,
chiefly collected by the Rev. Mr. Wullschlaegel; to these I add only such species, the spe-
cial habitat of which has been verified in the country.

1. MAM1LLARIA, Haw.

Calyx-tube produced beyond the ovary, naked below. Embryo nearly undivided : cotyle-
dons minute, pointed : albumen nearly wanting. — Stem globose or cylindrical, tubercled:
tubercles terminated with a fascicle of spines ; flowers usually inserted into the tubercle-
axils.

1. M. simplex, Haw. “Stem simple, globose, at length obovoid-oblong : tubercles
conical -ovate, blunt, bearing scanty wool on the areolae: spines straight, 12-16 radial
spreading, 4-5 central as stout : axils glabrous ; flowers axillary, yellow (8'" long).”— Tim.
FI. 2. <. 32. — Cactus mamillaris, L. — 4 "-5" high ; tubercles 6'"-7'", spines 4' ' long. —
Hab. Jamaica ( P . Br.) ; [Haiti, Venezuela].

2. MELOCACTUS, HC.

Character of Mami/laria, but the minute cotyledons “globose. - Stem globose or conical ,
devoid of prominent tubercles, costate, terminated with a large, icoolly crown : flowers
small, concealed within its wool.

2. M. communis, HC. Stem globose, at length ovate-oblong: ridges 12-20, argute,
vertical : areola; 12(-6)-spinose : spiues stout, rigid, exterior spreading, inferior longest
crown cylindrical : its slender spines as long as the wool. — Fuss. FI. 2. t. 27 ; Hesc. If. 7.
t. 315. — Cactus Melocactus, L. — Apparently variable in the number of ridges and spines ;
our specimens answer to Pfeiffer’s diagnosis ot a ; Tussac’s figure has shorter and less unequal
spines. Stem “at length above 1' high spines 12"'-6"' long ; flowers crimson.— Hab.
Jamaica (Macf), gregarious in dry savannahs ; Antigua!, Wullschl.; [Haiti, etc. J.

3. CEREUS, Hate.

Calyx-tube produced beyond the ovary, scaly with adnate exterior sepals. Stamens linil-
tiserial upon the corolla-tube. Embryo usually curved : cotyledons incumbent to the lnlum :
albumen nearly wanting. — Stem costate; flowers lateral.

CACTEJE.

301

Sect. 1. Pilocereus. — Calyx-tube shortly produced beyond the ovary . Style exserted. —
Stem erect, columnar with vertical ridges : areolae woolly or at length glabrate.

3. C. Swartzii, Gr. “ Stem high, nearly simple, blunt at the woolly summit : ridges
10, prominent, bluntisli, separated by a deep sinus: areolce 10-8 -spinose : spines stout,
spreading, interior shorter, those of the stem-summit concealed within the wool ; flowers
pale-red.” — Cactus peruvianus, Sw. Obs. ( exclus . syn. Si. el Linn). Cereus, Macf.— Cactus
fimbriatus, Desc. (FI. 6. t. 419), though presenting only 8 ridges, is probably the same, and
shows the exserted style of Pilocereus, not mentioued by Swartz.— “ Stem 6'-20' high, 2"-5"
thick : spines nearly 1" long ; flowers 2" long : exterior sepals subimbricate.” — Had. Ja-
maica (Sw., Mac/.), in the dry, southern savannahs.

4. C. Curtisii, Lk. Oft. “Stem blunt at the summit: ridges 8-10, prominent, ar-
gute: areolae convex, woolly : spines stout, equalling the wool, exterior 8-10, central 4,
superior minute ; flowers rosy-variegated : calyx-tube green, naked below.” — Bot. Mag. f.
3125 ; Pfeiff. Cact. t. 11. — C. Royeni, Hook, (non alior). — Longest spines nearly 1",
flowers 2" long. — Hab. Grenada (Hook).

Sect. 2. Eucereus. — Calyx-tube long, produced beyond the ovary. Style nearly as long

as the included stamens.

* Stem erect, columnar.

5. C. eriophorus, Lk. Olt. Stem high, jointed, tapering at the summit, at length
subcylindrical : ridges 8-10, blunt-convex : areolfe devoid of wool, 9-12-spinose : spines
needle-shaped, 8-10 radial spreading, 1-2 central longer; flowers large, nocturnal, white :
calyx-tube covered with long wool. — Pfeiff. Cact. t. 22. — Cactus peruvianus jamaicensis, L.
(ex syn. SI. el P. Br). Cereus repandus, Macf. (non Haw). — Stem 20' high : joints 2'-4'
distant : spines 5"'-2'", on the calyx-tube 8'" long; flowers infundibular, 9"-6" long.— Hab.
Jamaica!, Wullschl., Al., in the southern savannahs, Davidson Hills near Falmouth ; [Cuba],

6. C. repandus, Haw. “ Stem tapering at the summit, subcylindrical : ridges 8-10,
depressed, separated by narrow furrows : areolae devoid of wool, 9-10-spinose : spines needle-
shaped, short, 7—8 radial, 2 central ; flowers large, white : calyx-tube devoid of wool.” —
HO. PI. Grass, i . 161; Tuss. FI. 2. t . 33. — Cactus, L. (ex syn. SI). C. Royeui, DC. C.
peruvianus, Tuss. — The occurrence of this species in Jamaica rests on a wood-specimen pre-
served in the Economic Museum of Kew, and upon Sloane’s authority, who however does
uot mentiou sufficiently the character, but distinguishes this from the preceding by lower
growth and. a yellow (not red) berry : both are indeed quite similar in the flower.— Hab.
Jamaica, with the preceding (SI).

** Branches scandent, radicant.

7. C. triangularis, Haw. “ Branches triquetrous : one sinus nearly flat, two deep:
areolfe 4-2-spiuulose : spinules very short, inferior longest; flowers large, nocturnal, white.’”’
—Desc. FI. 7. t. 519. Cactus, L. — “Spinules l'"-2'" long; flowers, when expanded, 8"
diara.” — Hab. Jamaica (Macf), common on rocks ; [Mexico],

8. C. grandiflorus, Haw. “ Branches slightly 5-7 -angular : areoke 5-1 2-spinulose :
spinules short, nearly equalling the wool ; flowers large, nocturnal, white.” — Desc. FI 1 t
65.— Cactus, L.—“ Spinules 2"'-3'" long; flowers fragrant, when expauded 6"-8" diain.”—
Hab. Jamaica (Macf), on rocks and decayed trees ; Caribbean Islands.

9. C. flagelliformis, Mill. “ Branches cylindrical: tubercles 10-1 2-seriate 11-16-
spinulose : spinules short, radial 8-12, central somewhat longer, 3-4 ■, flowers infundibular

2 ■ *• 28 ! Besc- FL 1- L 67 . — Cactus, Z.— “ Spinules 2"'-3'", flowers
6 long. — Hab. Jamaica (67., Sw.), ou trees, along the coast ; [trop. America].

4. RII I PS ALTS, G.

Calyx-lube short, equalling the ovary, naked : limb small, expanded. Berry crowned with
the marcescent flower. Seeds obovoid : embryo curved, with minute cotyledons: albumen
scanty. Stem and branches cylindrical or foliaceous-winged, unarmed; flowers in the
crenaturcs of the foliaceous , or lateral on the cylindrical branches .

302

CACTE2E.

10. R. Swartziana, Pfeiff. Stem simply branched, winged above : summit resembling
the branches : branches alternate, flat, oblong or oblong-linear, remotely crenate, tapering at
the stipitate, jointed base ; tlowers minute, whitish ; berry nearly black. — Regensb. FI. 1853,
t. 6./. 18. — Cactus alatus, Sw. — Variable in the length of the winged part of the stem, the
form of the branches, and their margins regularly crenate or subserrate. Stem l'-2' high,
cylindrical below : branches 6"-12" long ; tlowers 4'" diam. ; berry ovoid-globose, 4'" long :
seeds numerous, smooth, obovoid-globose, pointed at the base : embryo annular, with obsolete
albumen. — Hab. Jamaica !, Wullschl., on trees.

11. R. Cassytha, G. Stem and whorled or opposite branches cylindrical, jointed,
pendulous : branchlets blunt at each end : areolse distant, glabrescent ; flowers minute,
whitish ; berry whitish. — 'Pass. FI. 3. t. 22. — Cactus parasiticus, L. {ex syn. SI.). C. pen-
dulus, Sw. — 1'-6' long : ultimate branchlets about 3" long ; flowers 2'" diam. ; berry ovoid-
globose, S'"— 3"' long. — Hab. Jamaica !, Wullschl., on trees; Trinidad!, Cr. ; [Cuba! and
Mexico to Guiana].

7. OPUNTIA, T.

Calyx-tube equalling the ovary, scaly with caducous, exterior sepals. Berry naked. Seeds
compressed: cotyledons curved around the albumen. — Stem or branches jointed, tubercled.

Sect. 1. Platyopuntia. — Stamens exceeded by the corolla, nearly equalling the style.

Embryo spirally convolute around scanty albumen. — Stem-pieces or branches flat : tuber-
cles bearing bristles, down, and usually spines in the axils of abortive leaves : flowers

lateral.

12. O. Tuna, Mill. Erect, proliferous-jointed ; stem-pieces oval : areolce distant, 5-4
(6-1 )-spinose: spines stout, unequal, spreading, flavescent ; flowers yellow; calyx-tube
obovate. — Puss. FI. 2. if. 31 Desc. FI. 7- t. 516.— Cactus, L.— 3'-4' high; stem-pieces
4"-8", longest spines 1"~4" loug; flowers 3"-4" diam. — Hab. Jamaica {Macf.), common
on dry soil; Antigua!, Wullschl.

13. O. Ficus-indica, Mill. Erect, proliferous-jointed ; stem-pieces thickish, obovate :
areolce distant, not spinose, (rarely with minute, solitary spines) ; flowers yellow ; calyx-tube
clavate. — Puss. FI. 2. t. 34.— Cactus, L. C. Pseudotuna, Macf. {non Salm.). — 4'-6' high ;
stem-pieces 4^—18^ loug; flowers 3 '— 4/; diam. — Hab. Jamaica {Macf.), near Kingston;
[trop. America],

14. O. triacantha, Haw. Erect, proliferous-jointed ; stem-pieces oval-oblong : areolce
-3(4-1 ) -spinose: spines stiff, divaricate-spreading, or subreflexed, whitish, superior long,
often twice as long as the 2 inferior ones ; flowers reddish ; calyx-tube broadly turbinate —
Cactus, IF. — Stem-pieces horrid with spines : spines much thinner than in 0. Tuna, longest

long; flowers 1" diam. — -Hab. Antigua!, Wullschl., near the coast of Gracebay.

15. O. spinosissima, Mill. “ Stem columnar, continuous, densely spinose, with
pendulous jointed branches ; branch-pieces elongated, oblong-linear : areolce approximate,
3-4,-spinose : spines long, rigid, needle-shaped ; flowers reddish-orange” {Macf.)— SI. t. 224.

f 2. Cactus, W. — “Stem thick, branched 4'-5' from the ground; branch-pieces about 1'

‘long; longest spines upwards of 2" long; flowers 1" diam.”— Hab. Jamaica {Macf), com-
mon in the dry, southern savannahs.

Sect. 2. Nor ale a. — Stamens exserted, shorter than the style. — Habit of Platyopunlia, but
tubercles usually unarmed with spines.

16. O. coccinellifera, Mill. Erect, proliferous-jointed ; stem-pieces obovate-oblong :
areolce very distant, at length unarmed, bearing short wool and bristles ; flowers crimson ;
calyx-tube obovate. — Desc. FI. 7- t • 516. — Cactus, L. The areola: at the summit of a
voune specimen bear single, recurved, small spines ; areolse at length 1 distant from each
other; flowers not expanded, H" diam. ; ovary H"-l", stamens 12 -15 loug. Hab.
Jamaica!, Wullschl., common on dry soil; [Mexico].

8. PEIRESCIA, Plum.

Calyx-tube equalling the ovary, usually leafy by the exterior sepals. Berry unked at the

BEGONIACEiE.

303

umbilicated top. “ Cotyledons foliaceous.” — Shrubs or trees with developed leaves : areolae
spiny ; flowers terminal, in racemiform cymes or solitary.

17. P. aculeata, Mill. Stem armed with fascicled, straight spines : branches trailing ;
leaves oblong-elliptical : 2-1, short, recurved spines at the downy base of the petiole ; flowers
in a lax cyme, white ; berry leafy with narrow sepals. — Desc. FI. 4. 1. 294. — Cactus Peres-
kia, L. — About 15' high; leaves 1 1,,-1,,) petiolar spines 1,,,-3W long ; petals oval. — LIab.
Jamaica {Macf) ; Antigua!, Wullschl,

P. portutacifplia, Haw., with solitary, purple flowers, and the berry devoid of exterior
sepals, is cultivated in Jamaica {Macf.).

LXXXY. CRASSULACEiE.

Stamens definite, usually perigynous. Carpels distinct, or connected at the base, usually
furnished with hypogynous scales. Albumen thin, or none. — Leaves succulent, exstipulate.

1*. BRYOPHYLLUM, Salisb.

Calyx campanulate, inflated, shortly 4-fid. Corolla sympetalous, elavate above a broader,
prismatical base, shortly 4-fid. Stamens 8, inserted into the corolla-hase. Carpids 4.— A
succulent, suffrutesceut herb ; leaves opposite, impari-pinnate, or simple : leaflets 1-5, ovate,
crenate ; flowers reddish-yellow, in a terminal panicle.

1*. B. calycinum, Salisb. — Bot. May. t. 1409. — Calyx IV —1 11 long, shortly exceeded
by the corolla.— Hab. Naturalized in Jamaica !, March; Antigua !, Wullschl.; S. Vincent!,
Guild. ; [an Asiatic weed, ranging now from Mexico ! to Guiana !] .

LXXXVI. SAXIFRAGES.

Stamens usually definite and perigynous. Carpels usually 2, connected, mostly many-
ovulate : styles distinct, rarely combined. Pericarp capsular. Seeds minute: embryo
small, usually enclosed withiu copious endosperm.— Leaves exstipulate, or if opposite, often
with interpetiolar stipules.

1. WEINMANNIA, L.

Calyx 4-5-partite. Petals 4-5. Stamens 8-1 0, inserted into the calyx-base outside of
the hypogynous disc. Ovary 2-celled : styles diverging. Capsule birostrate : seeds several,
oi co, hairy: embryo axile.- Woody plants; leaves usually impari-pinnate with a winy cd
rhachis, opposite: intrapetiolar stipules deciduous; racemes with the small /lowers usual h/
fascicled. J

1. W. pinnata, L. Branchlets hirsute with short down ; leaflets 3-7-jugal, elliptical-

oblong, bluntish, serrate above the base, hispid on the midrib beneath, or y/abrescent: rha-
chis-wmgs spathulate : stipules broadly ovate-roundish ; flowers fascicled-racemose ; stamens
8, exserted; capsule ovoid, twice as long as the styles : seeds several, ovoid, long-eomose. —
Lam. III. 1. 313./. 1. W. glabra, L.fil. W. alpestris, Macf— A tree; leaflets 4,"-8'"
long ; flowers white.— Hab. Jamaica I, Pd., common on the summits of the Blue Mountains •
Dominica !, Imr. ; S. Vincent !, Guild. ; [Cuba !, French islands ! ; Mexico to Guiana !]. ’

2. W hirta, Sw. Branchlets villous-hirsute ; leaflets 3-4-jugal, elliptical, bluntish,
serrate above the base, pilose-pubescent chiefly beneath : rhaehis-wings rhomboid-obovatc :
stipules remfonn; flowers fascicled-racemose; stamens 8, exserted ; “ capsule oblong, with
short styles -A tree or shrub; leaflets 6"'-10"' long.-HAB. Jamaica!, Al., rare in the
forests near the summit of the Blue Mountains.

L XXX VII. BEGONIACEiE.

Flowers umsexual. Sepals coloured, distiuct. Stamens indefinite, central. Ovary in-
lerior, 3 (-2-5) -celled : styles connected below, with papillose stigmas. Pericarp capsular.

304

BEGONIACE2E.

Seeds very minute, indefinite : embryo exalbuminous.-
flovvers in axillary , dichotomous cymes.

-Leaves distichous, oblique, stipulate ;

1. BEGONIA, L.

Capsule dehiscent along the lateral facets of the cells : placentas central.

Sect. 1. Begoniastrum. — Sepals $ 4, biseriate, ? 5. Stigmas 3, bipartite or bifid,
twisted, with a papillose, continuous band. Capsule unequally 2,-winged: placentas
bilamellate. — Succulent herbs, or shrubs.

1. B. acuminata, Dryand. Stem suffrutescent, erect, glabrous ; leaves semicordate-
oblong, acuminate, unequally sinuate-dentate, pilose on the margin, the nerves beneath, and
the petiole ; cymes few-flowered ; capsule-wings 2, shortly deltoid, the third oblong, blunt.
—SI. t. 127./. 1. 2. Bot. Mag. t. 4025.— 3'-4' high ; leaves 3"-4" long, 1"-H" broad;
flowers white : larger 3 sepals broadly ovate, 8"' long ; longer capsule-wing 6"' long —
Hab. Jamaica !, March.

2. B. acutifolia, Jacq., Sw. Stem suffrutescent, suberect, glabrous ; leaves semi-
cordate-oblong, acuminate , angular-repand, denticulate, subciliate, glabrous on both sides
and on the petiole ; cymes few-flowered ; capsule-wings 2, narrow, rounded, the third ovate-
oblong, obtusate. — B. jamaicensis, A. DC. ! — 2'-4' high ; leaves 2 -3i long, t -1- a D broad ;
flowers white and red: larger 3 sepals oval, 6"' long ; longer capsule-wing 6 -8 long,
narrow ones 1"' broad— Hab. Jamaica !, Al, Bancr., Wullschl, among mountain-shrubs,
S. Anns, Manchester; [Portorico].

3. B. nitida, Dryand. Stem suffrutescent, erect, glabrous ; leaves unequally cordate-
ovate, pointed, repand, subentire or obsoletely crenate, wholly glabrous with the petioles ;
cymes spreading-dichotomous; 3 sepals unequal, 2 much larger ; ‘ third capsule-wing
broadly ovat e.”-Bot. Mag. t. 4046. Desc. FI. 5. t. 344 -^-5' high ; leaves 5"-4"long,
2V-2" broad; flowers rosy: larger $ sepals oval -roundish, 6 '-8 'long, 6 broad.— Hab.
Jamaica !, March, in the mountains.

4. B. dominicalis, A. DC. {in lit.). Stem glabrous; leaves semicordate-ovate, pointed,

sinuate-repaud, or obsoletely serrate, wholly glabrous with the petioles; cymes spreading-
dichotomous ; 3 sepals subequal; “ capsule- wings 2 narrow rounded, the third deltoid. -
Bot. Mag. t. 5047.— B. Wagenenana, Hook, {exclus. syn. FI.). 3 2 high, leaves G 4

long, 3 "-2" broad ; flowers white : 3 sepals ovate, bluntish, 4'" long.— Hab. Dominica (A.
DC.)-, [Guadeloupe!].

5 B. domintrensis, A. DC. Stem glabrous ; leaves unequally cordate-ovate, pointed,

repand-undulate. subentire, glabrous above, rusty-pilose on the nerves beneath, and chiefly
on the petioles ; cymes long-peduncled, many-flowered,, contracted; flowers small: 3

semis subequal • capsule... — Leaves 6"-5" long, 4 -3 broad; peduncles often 1 long,
cymes 2"-3" diam. ; broader 3 sepals roundish, 2"'-3' diam.— Hab. Domimca ., Irnr. ;

[Haiti].

6 B rotundifolia, Dryand. Stem short, glabrous ■ leaves obliquely reniform-round-
ish, slightly cordate at the base, angular-crenate, rusty-pilose on the nerves ^jieath,^ and on

the petioles; cymes long-peduncled, many-flowered; | Vincent >'

—Leaves 2" long, 3"-4" broad ; larger $ sepals oval, 6"'-5'" long.— Hab. b. Vincent.,

^^B. martimeensis, A. DC. “Stem suffrutescent glabrous; leaves semkordMe-
ovate, pointed, crenulate, puberulous on the nerves beneath 1 :,,P°^® vJtous^at -
brate ; capsule acute at the base, with the larger wing pointed. —Had. S. \ incent {A. JJC.) ,
[Martinique].

SB. hrnnilis, Dryand. Annual; stem erect, hairy or glabrescent ; leaves semicor-
date-oblonq acuminate, unequally ciliate-serrate, with scattered hairs above and on the
petiole glabrous beneath ; cymes few-flowered ; capsule-wings rounded, the third
-M Malm. t. G2.-V-U' high; leaves H" long, 8'" broad; 2 capsule-wings H .the

third 3"' broad— Hab. Trinidad \,Cr. . ,

9. B. gdandulifera, Gr. (*. sp.). Perennial, stem less ; leaves semicordate-ovate,

ARALIACE'E.

305

pointleted, ciliate-denticulate, with scattered hairs above and on the nerves beneath : petiole
glandular-hairy, ns long as the leaf; peduncles long, scapiform , glandular-hairy, especially
on the branches of the corymbiform cyme ; 2 capsule-wings deltoid, the third twice as long,
obtusate- oblong. — Rhizoma creeping, scaly : stipular scales oblong, cuspidate ; leaves 6"-4"
long, 4"-3" broad ; peduncles 1' long : dichotomous branches 3-4, few-flowered : bracts
oblong or elliptical, ciliate, cuspidate ; 2 larger $ sepals ovate, blunt, 4'" long, 2 interior
oblong-lanceolate, half as long ; stamens many, free : anthers shortly obovate-oblong, as
long as the filament, bluntly produced beyond the cells ; $ sepals 5, oval, 3'" long : style
3-partite : stigmas bifid, with short, contiguous, papillose bands ; capsule rounded at the
base : placentas thinly bilamellate : wings 4'" broad, two 3,,,-4,,/ long, the third straightish
on the upper margin, 6,,,-9w long. — Hab. Trinidad !, Lockh., Cr., in moist ravines, Maraval.

10. B. Purdieana, A. DC. “Stemless, leaves obliquely cordate-ovate, pointed, irre-
gularly crenate, with scattered hairs above and hairy on the nerves beneath ; peduncles
scapiform, slender, few-flowered ; capsule blunt at the base : larger wing long, ovate.” —
The diagnosis is not sufficient to distinguish this from the preceding : but my species is
very peculiar by the dense glandular covering of the pedicels, not mentioned, and therefore
probably not existing in A. DC’s plant. — Hab. Jamaica ( A . DC.).

Sect. 2. Donaedia. — Sepals $ 2, $ 5. Styles and capsides of Begoniastrum. — Shrubs;
leaves short-petioled : stipules and bracts persistent.

11. B. ulmifolia, W. Stem erect, angular, with scattered hairs ; leaves oblong, pointed,
slightly oblique at the base, biserrate, pilose on both sides : stipules oblong-lanceolate, ex-
ceeding the petiole ; “ 2 capsule-wings narrow, the third deltoid.” — Lie. and Otto, Ic. 1. 1. 38.
— 2'-4'high; leaves 2" (-5"), stipules 6'" long. — Hab. Trinidad!, Cr. ; [Venezuela].

Sect. 3. Gireoudia. — Sepals in both sexes 2. Stigmas 3, shortly bifid, with a semilunar,
contiguous, papillose band. Capsule unequally 8-winged : placentas bilamellate. —
Snffrutescent, fleshy herbs ; leaves large, long-petioled.

12. B. macrophylla, Dry and. “Stem short: stipules large, deltoid; leaves very
large, unequally and deeply cordate, roundish, sinuate-dentate, ciliate, hairy on the nerves
beneath : petiole terete, scaly ; cymes large, long-peduncled ; capsule-wings obtusate-round-
ish, the third much larger.”— “ Leaves above 1', stipules 1£", sepals 3"'-4"' diam.”— Hab.
Jamaica ( Sw .), in the mountains ; [French islands].

Sect. 4. Wageneria. Sepals of Begoniastrum. Stigmas 3, bipartite, twisted, wholly
papillose. Capsule-wing of the third cell spreading, the two others reduced: placentas
entire. — Suffrutescent, often scandent herbs ; cymes large, divaricate.

13. B. scandens, Sw. Scandent, radicant, glabrous ; leaves ovate or ovate-roundish,

subequal, slightly emarginate at the base, irregularly dentate ; cymes peduncled, effuse ;
third capsule-wing ovate-oblong, blunt, spreading, the two others shortly ascending-deltoid
bluntish. A ubl. t. 349: bad.— B. glabra, Aubl.— 2'-6' long; leaves 3"-6" long; sepals
ow'i?.’ j m ^ ’°va*;e> > third capsule-wing 8'" long, and as broad, the two others

i bioad above.—HAB. Jamaica !, all coll., on trees and in ravines, with the large cymes
pendulous; Dominica!, Imr. ; Trinidad!, Cr. ; [Guiana, cquat. Brazil, Peru],

LXXXVIII. ARALIACEiE.

Calyx-limb reduced. Stamens epigynous, mostly definite. Ovary compound : cells with
a single, pendulous ovule : styles distinct or combined, usually surrounded at the base by an
tE??US dlSC‘ ^encarP [ fles,hy, with cartilaginous pyreme. Embryo small, in the top of
tfie endosperm.— Leaves sheathing at the base of the petiole ; flowers mostly umbellate.

An aromatic or balsamic principle is extracted, chiefly from the berries.

1. HEDERA, L.

,produccd b«y°nd the ovary. Petals 5, valvate. Stamens as many. Disc
J * y es combined to the tjjp. Barry 5-pyrenous. — The West Indian species are

306

ARALIACEJE.

trees, with simple , entire, leathery leaves ; umbels simple ; pedicels jointed at the thickish
base : involucre minute.

I exclude those tropical species which have distinct styles, the calyx not produced, and a
large disc, and 1 refer these to Sciadophyllum. — In the common Ivy the cylindrical embryo
is about half as long as the fleshy, ruminate albumen, the lamiuar inner projections of the
testa being analogous to those of A nonacece : such I do, however, not find in the still imma-
ture seed of II. pendula.

1. K. pendula, Sw. Leaves lanceolate-oblong or elliptical, glabrous ; peduncles much
longer than the petioles, often exceeding the leaves, pendulous ; calyx-limb subentire : tube
turbinate ; petals equalling the stamens. — Sw. Ic. t. 9. — A large or low tree ; leaves vari-
able, 4"-3" long, usually long-petioled ; petals 1'" long. — IIab. Jamaica !, Wils., in the
mountains, rare at 3000' alt., e.g. S. John Crow Hill.

2. HE. nutans, Sw. Leaves elliptical, glabrous ; peduncles nearly as long as the peti-
oles, stiff : exterior pedicels nodding ; calyx-limb subentire : tube hemispherical ; stamens
exsertecl, half as long again as the petals. — A large forest tree (Al.), or dwarfish (Sw.), not
to be distinguished from the preceding by its foliage, but calyx twice as broad (2"'-3'") and
petals 1 is'" long. — Hab. Jamaica!, Mac/., M‘Nab, Al., on the peak of the Blue Mountains.

Flowers polygamous. Petals 5 (4-6), valvate or coherent. Stamens as many. Styles
in $ 5-10 (4-12), diverging above the epigynous disc, in $ rudimentary and combined.
Berry globose, 5-10 (or 4-12)-pyrenous. — Glabrous, low trees ; leaves leathery, simple or
digitate ; umbels or flower-heads arranged in corymbs or racemes ; involucre minute. .

Jacquiu referred two simple-leaved species to Aralia, which is distinguished by imbricated
petals ; Swartz, though combining them with Eedera, recognized their affinity with Sciado-
phyllum Brownei, which is their true congener.

3. S. Jacquini, Gr. Leaves simple, elliptical, repand-undulate, or obsoletely serrate,
reticulated-veiny : primary veins equal ; umbels in terminal, simple corymbs -. pcduucles 2-
1-bracteolate about the middle; calyx-limb 5(-4-6)-dentate ; petals and styles 5 (4-6);
berry 6(-5)-celled, furrowed. — Jacq. H. Schoenbr. t. 51 : the furrows in the white berry
are neglected in this figure.- — Aralia arborea, Jacq. Hedera, Sw. — 20'-l 2' high ; leaves 6"-
4" (-lV) long : petiole of valuable leugth; peduncles l"-2", pedicels 3'"-4"' long. — Hab.
Jamaica !, all coll., common in the lower mountains ; [Cuba !, Portorico !].

4. S. capitatum, Gr. Leaves simple, ovate, elliptical, or elliptical-oblong, quite entire,
long-petioled, veiny : basilar veins longer ; flower-heads in compound (or simple), terminal
racemes : peduncles naked, scaly-puberulous ; calyx-limb truncate, with minute, distant teeth ;
petals 4-5 - styles 8-10 ; berry 8-10-celled, smooth.— Jacq. Amer. Piet. t. 91. Sm. Ic.
Piet t 4' — Aralia, Jacq. Hedera, Sm. . H. multiflora, DC. — 10'— 12' high; leaves very
variable, 4"-6"long; peduncles 3"'-4'" long: flowers sessile; berry brown— Hab. Ja-
maica !,’all coll., common in woods ; Antigua !, Wullschl., Dominica!, Imr. ; [Martinique!,
Sieb. Mart. 94; Venezuela!, New Granada!, Brazil!].

S S Hrnwnei. Svrena. Leaves digitate-, leaflets 10-6, oblong, glabrate, quite entire,

C. P. attenuatum, Sw. Arboreous, glabrous, farmed ; leaves digitate .• leaflets 0-a

2. SCIADOPHYLLUM, P. Br.

3. PANAX, L.

UMBELLIEER/E.

307

(-7), ovate , pointleted, callous on the repancl, subentire or obsoletely crenate margin, long-
petiolulated : sheath of the long petiole produced into an axillary ligule ; umbels exinvolu-
crate, in compound, terminal, peduncled racemes; calyx-limb minutely 5-dentate; styles
2 (-“ 3 ”) ; fruit rather dry, roundish, contracted at the commissure. — A low tree ; petioles
4"— 8", petiolules 2'“ leaflets 4"-8", secondary peduncles 6"'-lQ"', pedicels 2,,,-3w long.
— Hab. Dominica !, Imr., in the mountains, S. Vincent !, Guild. ; Trinidad !, Pd. ; [Guade-
loupe ! ; Venezuela !J.

7. P. Morototoni, Audi. Arboreous, unarmed ; leaves digitate: leaflets 7 -10, oblong,
tapering at the base, undulate, subentire, glabrous above, aurate-sericeous beneath ; umbels
exinvolucrate, in a large, terminal panicle ; calyx-limb subentire ; styles 2; fruit pubescent,
slightly fleshy, broader than long, flat on the sides. — Aubl. t. 360. — Petioles IV, petiolules
3"-2", leaflets 8"-6", pedicels 3"' long. — Hab. Trinidad (V.) ; [Cuba ; Guiana, equat. Brazil !].

LXXXIX. UMBELLIFERiE.

Calyx-limb reduced. Stamens 5, epigvnous. Ovary 2-celled : ovules single, pendulous :
styles distinct, thickened at the base. Carpids indehiscent, at length distinct and pendulous
from the filiform, central carpophore. Seed usually adhering to the pericarp. Embryo
minute, in the top of endosperm.— Stem mostly herbaceous ; leaves sheathing at the base
of the petiole ; flowers iu umbels, rarely in heads.

This Order, known in the temperate zones for its aromatic, balsamic, bitter, nutritious,
or narcotic properties, numbers only few, useless, tropical forms. The essential oil of the
pericarp is contained in longitudinal canals (the vittse). Of nutritious Umbelliferce , Arra-
cacha esculenta is cultivated in Jamaica, and several European pot-herbs have been natu-
ralized in the mountains.

1. HYDROCOTYLE, L.

Calyx-limb obsolete. Petals ovate, acute. Fruit laterally compressed. Carpids devoid
of vittse : ribs filiform. Aquatic, creeping herbs ; leaves peltate or cordate ; umbels simple
or proliferous ; flowers white.

1. H. umbellafca, L. Glabrous, radicant; leaves peltate in the middle, orbicular, cre-
nate ; peduncles nearly as long as the petioles ; umbels expanded, many-flowered ; fruit di-
dymous, emarginate at the base : carpids o-ribbed : the intermediate lateral ribs conspicuous
—Mich, in Ann. Sc. Phys. 4. t. 52./. 3.— Variable in size.— Hab. Jamaica!, all coll. ^
common in rivulets ; Trinidad I, Or., in swamps ; [Massachussets to Guiana ! and Peru •
Galapagos !].

2. H. asiatica, L. Radicant ; leaves fascicled, cordate-roundish or cordate-ovate, with
a spreading sinus, creuate-dentate, dentate, or repand, glabrescent : petioles hairy, exceeding
the short peduncles ; umbel contracted, few-l-flowered ; fruit reuiform: carpids Si-ribbed
and reticulate : 5 ribs prominent.

a. Leaves cordate-orbicular, crenate. — Rich. 1. c. t. 55. f. 11.

0. repanda, Pers. Leaves cordate-ovate, dentate, or repand.— Rich. 1. c t 57 f. 14 —
H. brevipes, DC. sec. Macf. ' '

Hab. Jamaica!, Macf, Al., Wullschl., March (0) ; Trinidad !, Cr. (a) ; [South Caro-
lina! to Valdivia ! ; Abyssinia 1 to the Cape I; East Indies! to New Zealand!, and Pacific
islands !J.

2. SPANANTIIE, Jacq.

Calyx-limb 5-dentate. Petals entire, subacute. Fruit flat-compressed from the back
contracted at the commissure Carpids devoid of vittie : ribs 5, delicate, immersed, 3 of
which are dorsal.— An annual herb; leaves undivided, superior opposite, glabrous, but. peni-
cillute- hairy below the serrate limb : sheath short, ciliate ; umbels simple or proliferous,
mvoLucrate ; flowers white. 1 J

i LS- rniCUrlata> 'Jac<l- Ic. Par. t. 350. — Stem 2 '-3' high, glabrous, contracted

t; i At n 1,1 »CA?r lcayes cordate-deltoid, superior ovate-lanceolate, acuminate. — Hab.
Irimdad !, Cr., at Maraval : [New Granada, Peru],

x 2

308

UMBELL1RER7E.

3. ERYNGIUM, L.

Calyx-limb 5-partite. Petals with an inflexed point. Fruit terete, tuberded, or scaly.
Carpids devoid of vittee and ribs : carpophore adnate. — Herbs, often spinescent ; flowers in
paleiferous, involucrate heads.

4. E. foetidum, L. Biennial, dichotomously diffuse, glabrous ; basilar leaves spathulate-
lanceolate, sheathing at the base of the limb, serrate : serratures spinescent ; involucral
leaves much longer than the ovoid-oblong, shortly peduncled flower-heads, lanceolate, spi-
nescent, usually deeply serrate, resembling the palmatipartite, superior leaves ; palese entire.
— SI. t. 156. f. 3, 4. — A fetid herb, about 1' high ; flowers white. — Hab. Jamaica !, Bancr.,
March, M‘Nab, in pastures; Antigua!, Wullschl., Dominica !, Bar., S. Vincent!, Guild.;
[Cuba and Panama ! to New Granada ! and Brazil !].

4*. PETROSELINUM, Hoffm.

Calyx-limb obsolete. Petals roundish, incurved, entire, with an inflexed point. Fruit
laterally compressed. Carpids with 5 filiform ribs and single vittse between them.- — Glabrous
herbs; leaf-segments cuneate at the base ; umbels compound: involucre few-, involucel
many -leaved ; flowers white.

5*. P. sativum, Hoffm. Stem erect, angular; leaves 3-pinnatisect, shining: ultimate
segments lanceolate or trifid. — Apium Petroselinum, L. — Biennial. — Hab. Naturalized in
Jamaica ( Macf '.), in Coffee plantations ; [introduced from southern Europe].

5. HELOSCIAEIUM, Kch.

Petals expanded, ovate, entire. Fruit and carpids of Petroselinum. — Herbs; umbels
compound ; flowers white.

6. H. leptophyllum, DC. Annual, glabrous , stem slightly striate, erect or diffuse ;
leaves tri-ternatisect : segments capillary -linear ; umbels subsessile, opposite to the leaves,
2-3-rayed : involucre and involucel none. — Jacq. H. Find. t. 200. — i'—Z1 high ; leaf-seg-
ments W'-d)'", umbel-rays 6"'-9"1, pedicels 2,,,-3,,'long; calyx-limb obsolete. — Hab. Jamaica!,
Macf, a weed in Coffee plantations ; [Louisiana ! to Buenos Ayres ! and V aldivia ! ; Australia !] .

6*. PAST1NACA, L.

Petals roundish, involute. Fruit compressed from the back, with a thickened margin.
Carpids with single, filiform vittse between the 5 delicate ribs, 3 of which are distant from
the margin of the commissure. — Biennial or perennial herbs ; leaves pinnatisect ; umbels
compound : flowers yelloio.

7*. P. sativa, L. Biennial ; stem sulcate ; leaf-segments ovate-oblong, blunt, crenate-
serrate, pubescent beneath, terminal 3-lobed; involucre 0 ; calyx-limb obsolete ; fiuitoval:
commissure 2-vittate. — Hab. Naturalized in Jamaica (Macf.), in Coffee plantation; [in-
troduced from Europe].

7*. DAUCUS, L.

Calyx-limb 5 -dentate. Petals emarginate, inflexed, exterior often radiant. Ffuit : slightly
compressed from the back. Carpids with single vittm behind the 4, aculeate, winged, secon-
dary ribs : prickles 1-seriate : 5 primary ribs setose.— Herbs, usually biennial; leaves 2-3-
pinnalisect ; umbels compound, involucred.

8*. D. Carota, L. Plispid (or glabrate) ; leaf-segments pinnatifid : lobes oblong-linear,
cuspidate ; involucre-leaves pinnatifid, nearly as long as the umbel ; umbels at length con-
tracted ; flowers white (the central often purple) ; prickles about as long as the diameter of
the oval-oblong fruit. — Hab. Naturalized in Jamaica!, Hon, in Coffee plantations; [intro-
duced from Europe].

8. AllRACACHA, Lancr.

« Calyx-limb obsolete. Petals ovate or lanceolate, cutirc, with an inflexed point. Fruit

0LACINE2E.

309

ovate-oblong, laterally subcompressed. Carpids with 5, equal, entire rib9. Albumen, sili-
cate on the commissural side. — Perennial herbs: roots tuberose; leaves 1-3 -pinnutisecl ;
umbels compound: flowers whitish.”

9. A. esculenta, DC. “ Leaves pinnatisect : inferior segments divided into ovate,
acuminate, coarsely serrate lobes ; involucre 0 ; carpid-ribs obtuse.” — Had. Trinidad ! ; [New
Granada !, Peru !].

XC. BALANOPHOREiE.

Flowers unisexual, apetalous. Calyx valvate or 0. Ovary inferior or naked, simple :
ovule mostly single and naked : styles 2-1. Embryo small, usually undivided, enclosed
within copious endosperm. — Aphyllous herbs, parasitical on roots, devoid of chlorophyll ;
stems fleshy, simple from a branched or tuberose rhizoma ; flowers collected on a terminal
spadix, often, separated by filiform scales.

The affinity of Balanophorece with Gunnera, and through Kippuris with Flaloragece, has
been proved by J. Hooker. Hence they are inserted here, as the latter Order, not repre-
sented in the West Indies, seems rather more connected with Umhelliferm than with Ona-
grariecc, which is their usual place in the system.

1. HELOSIS, Rich.

Spadix ovoid or globose, androgynous, covered with peltate, hexagonal bracts. $ Calyx
tubular, 3-lobed : column 3-androus, tribranched below the synantherous, 6-12-celled body
of the anthers, inserted into the calyx-throat : anthers introrse ; $ calyx obsolete. Ovary
simple: ovule 1, “erect” ( Hoffmeisl .), naked: styles 2. Seed adhering to the crustaceous
pericarp. — Rhizoma branched: stems inserted to its knobs, naked, usually with an annular
sheath.

1. H. g-uianensis, Rich. Stems surrounded at the base by a 3-4-lobed (or 5-7-lobed),
involucral sheath. — Mem. Mus. 8. t. 20. — Cynomorium cayennense, Sw. — Stems 2"- 6"
(1"-12") high ; spadix ovoid-oblong, enclosed (before the development of the stem) by the
sheath : $ flowers serotinous. — Hab. Trinidad !, Pd., Cr., in the mountains of Tamana,
Arena ; [Guiana, Brazil !].

2. PHYLLOCORYNE, J. Hook.

Spadix oblong-cylindrical : bracts imbricate, deciduous. Flowers of Helosis, but column
tri-branched below the globose, 6-celled body of the synantherous anthers, which opens at the
^°P-~ yBhizoma thick, branched ; stem covered with, closing, 4-6 -stichous scales, which
pass into the bracts, Uibercled above with rudimentary flowers.

2. P. jamaicensis, J. Hook. — ./. Hook. Balanophor. in Linn. Transact. 1855, All;
Desc. Ft. 2. t. 26.- Cynomorium, Sw. C. coccineum, Desc. — Stem red, a few inches high,
m- spithameous ; spadix V-2^" long ; scales and bracts ovate-deltoid. — PIab. Jamaica !, At.,
Pd., M‘Nab, Wullschl., in mountain woods; [eastern Cuba!].

XCI. OLACINEiE.

Calyx persistent. Corolla valvate, often villous inside. Stamens definite, hvpogynous or
epipetalous. Ovary simple, mostly superior, usually unilocular or divided below by tissue
between the ovules : ovules few (-single), naked, hanging from the free central placenta or
rom the summit of the cells. Drupe 1-seeded. Embryo mostly minute, iu the top of the
endosperm.— Woody plants ; leaves alternate, entire, glabrous, exstipulate.

I he drupes of Ximenia are eatable.

1. XIMENIA, L.

Calyx minute, not enlarged. Petals 4 (-5), distinct. Stamens twice ns ninny, all fertile,

310

OLACINEvE.

hypogynous. Ovary superior, 4 (-3 -5) -celled below: ovules as many as there arc cells, hang-
ing from the central placenta. — Flowers in axillary racemes , corymbs, or clusters.

1. X. americana, L. Leaves elliptical; flowers racemose or corymbose; petals 4;
drupe oval or obloug. — Jacq. Am er. Piet. t. 107 ; 'Puss. FI. 3. t. 30 ; Desc. FI. 2. t. 132. —
X. multiflora, Jacq. X. acideata, Pass. X. montana, Marf. X. inermis, L. X. sene-
galeusis, Rich. — A tree, usually spiny ; leaves mucronate or blunt; petals oblong, white,
odorous, internally villous. — IIab. Jamaica !, Macf. ; S. Vincent !, Guild. ; [Florida ! to
Bueuos Ayres ! ; trop. Africa ! ; East Indies].

2. HEISTERIA, L.

Calyx at length much enlarged, spreading. Petals 5. Stamens 10, all fertile. Ovary
of Ximenia. — Trees; flowers fascicled, clustered, or single in the axils.

2 H. coccinea, Jacq. Leaves oblong, acute; flowers single, pedicellate; calyx at
length red, obsoletely 5-lobed : lobes rounded ; petals distinct. — Jacq. Amer. Piet. 1. 122. —
Calyx 1" diam. around the oblong drupe ; flowers white. — Hab. Dominica !, Imr. ; [Marti-
nique].

3. SCHCEPFIA, Schreb.

Calyx adnate : limb truncate, obsolete. Corolla sympetalous, 5 (-4-6) -fid. Stamens epi-
petalous, opposite to the corolla-lobes. Ovary semi-inferior, 3-celled from copious tissue :
ovules 3, hanging from the central placenta, filling up the cavities. — Shrubs ; flowers usually
clustered in the axils : involucel 3-4 -fid.

3. S. arborescens, it. S. Leaves ovate-oblong, bluntly acuminate, rounded above the
contracted base ; corolla-tube campanulate : lobes thrice shorter, reflexed, ovate, blunt, in-
ternally pubescent; drupe ovoid (5'" long). — Codouium, V. S. americana, JV. — Leaves
2"-3-4,/ long, shining. — 11ab. Jamaica!, At.; Antigua!, Nichols., Wullsclil., Montserrat,
Dominica !, Imr. ; [S. Croix, Guadeloupe !].

4. S. Marchii,, Or. (n. sp.). Leaves elliptical, pointed or bluntish, acute at the base;
corolla-tube campanulate : lobes thrice shorter, reflexed, deltoid, pointed, internally gla-
brous; drupe ovoid (3"' long). — Very similar to the preceding, but distinguished by its
smaller fruit. Leaves ]f-2" long; clusters equalling the petiole : pedicels fascicled, as long
as the glomerate (3-1) flowers ; corolla If" long, thrice as long as the calyx ; anthers ovoid-
globose, emarginate, subsessile at the throat, included, covering (as in the preceding) a
small tuft of bristles on the base of the lobes ; style simple, shorter than the corolla-tube ;
drupes (black in drying) 1 -seeded: blunt top free from the calycine covering. — IIab. Ja-
maica !, March; [Cuba!, in woods at Matanzas, Pug elf

14. MAPPIA, Jacq.

Calyx minute, 5(-4)-dentate, not enlarged. Petals 5 (-4), distinct, villous within. Sta-
mens 5 (-4), alternate with the petals, hypogyuous : filaments long. Ovary superior, sur-
rounded by a cupuliform disc, 1-celled : ovules 2, hanging from its summit : style short,
suboblique: stigma obscurely lobed. — Shrubs; flowers in axillary, peduncled, compound,
small, corymbiform racemes.

The Icacinece, to which this genus belongs, may be interpreted by the adhesion of the
placenta to the suture of a single carpel ; but, if better understood, they may perhaps prove
to approach Cornea:.

5. M. racemosa, Jacq. Leaves lanceolate-oblong, pointed, often porose beneath in
the vein-axils, exceeding the panicles ; petals oblong ; stamens included, disc 5-lobcd, gla-
brous : lobes rounded ; drupe ovate, pointed. — Jacq. H. Schcen.br. 1. 1. 47. — M. aflinis, Mrs.!:
the form with the leaves not porose, but both leaf-kinds occur on the same branch. Icacina
dubia, Macf. ! — 6' high ; leaves 4"~6", petals 2"', drupe 8"' long. The anthers are bilocular,
ovoid-oolong (not bilobed). — Hab. Jamaica I, Macf., Pd., in woods, Port Royal, S. Anns,
Manchester.

LORANTIIACE/E.

311

XCII. LOHANTHACEJ1.

Calyx-limb reduced. Corolla epigynous, valvate, or none. Stamens opposite to, and
mostly inserted into the petals. Ovary simple, solid : ovules 3—1, erect, reduced to simple
embryo-sacs, adhering to the ovary. Pericarp baccate. Embryo mostly small, enclosed in
endosperm. — Green shrubs, mostly parasites on the branches dtp woody plants ; leaves usually
opposite, thickisli-leathery , quite entire.

The bark and berry contains a viscid sap. Several Lor ant hi are used in Colonial medicine.

1. LORANTHUS, L.

Calyx-limb entire or minutely denticulate. Petals 6-4-8, distinct or combined. Anthers
2-locular, introrse, longitudinally dehiscent. — Flowers l-Z-bracieolate.

All the West Indian species are glabrous parasites, their flowers hermaphrodite, the calyx-
limb truncate entire, and by their continuous (not jointed) branches they are easily to be
distinguished from the following genera.

Sect. 1. Psittacanthus. — Flowers large, usually corymbose, supported by a cuculliform
bracllet. Petals combined into a slender tube. Filaments long, inserted into the co-
rolla-throat: anthers oblong, usually dorsally incumbent. Style filiform : stigma ca-
pitate.

1. L. americanus, -Jacq. Branchlets cylindrical; leaves ovate or oval, obscurely
veiny : principal veins separating from the midrib below the middle ; flowers corymbose :
pedicels ternate, thrice as long as the calyx; cupule and calyx -limb entire ; corolla crimson,
cylindrical in the bud or slightly thickened at the top, incurved, 6 -fid almost to the middle
(2" long) : lobes linear, recurved, exceeding a little the incumbent anthers and the style ;
filaments as long as the anthers ; berry “ ovoid.”— Jacq. Amer. Piet. t. 98 ; Desc. Ft. 6. t.
390.— L. Jacquini, PC. L. Plumieri, Cham. Schl. ex Plum. Ed. Barm. t. 166./. 1, which
appears to be a rough figure of our plant.— Leaves variable, as generally in the genus.— Hab.
Dominica !, Imr.; [Guadeloupe ! ; Mexico! to Brazil !].

2. L. claviceps, Gr. Branchlets cylindrical, subcompressed ; leaves broadly oval,
rounded at both ends, veiny : principal veins separating from the midrib below the middle ;
flowers corymbose : pedicels ternate, thrice as long as the calyx ; cupule and calyx-limb re-
paud-entire: corolla “yellow, tinged with red,” clavate at the top in the bud, straightish,
® -fid 1° one-fourth— one-third (3,,-2,/ long) : lobes elliptical-linear , recurved, exceeding a
little the incumbent anthers and the style ; filaments as long as the anthers ; berry ovoid-
oblong.— L. americanus, Sw., Macf. {non Jacq.). — Stouter than the preceding; leaves 4"-3"
long, 2i -2" broad, black in drying; calyx 3"', cupule 1"' long ; corolla-limb (before ex-
pansion) 2 diam. : lobes 1"' broad, tapering towards the base and the bluntish top ; berry
6 long. Hab. Jamaica!, Macf., M'Nab, Pd., WuUschl on trees along the coast and in
the mountains.

Sect. 2. Struthanthus. Flowers small, racemose, ternately glomerate on the pedicel,
each supported by a subulate bracllet. Petals distinct. Filaments broad, inserted below
the middle of the petals : anthers erect or dorsally incumbent. Style bluntish.

' . Ia. lepidobotrys, Gr. ( n . sp.). Branchlets tetraquetrous, rusty-ftirfuraceous or
squamulose on the angles and chiefly on the axis of the racemes ; leaves broadly ovate, point-
leted: petiole complicate ; racemes simple, single in the axils, exceeded by the leaves : ped i-
cm thick ish, as long as the ternately sessile flowers ; calyx truncate, thrice as long as the
ovate pomted bracllet; corolla ellipsoidal in the bud: petals 6, linear-oblong, bluntish
l0?S)> a® long as the stamens ; anthers erect, hastate-deltoid, pointed; berry ob-

ong. ;cavcs;* -2 long, 2 (~li"-3") broad, obscurely veined, smooth, rounded at the
>ast : petiole 3 long ; racemes shortly pcduncled, 3" long : pedicels distant, opposite, 3'"

. Ct n8 C?‘i‘‘:aVC ; W, *VX 1 lonS; l,ctals incurved ; anther-cells disunited from the

> ioi y o ) ong ; style shorter than the petals, thickened at the middle: stigma in-
conspicuous berry (immature) 2"' long.— Hab. Jamaica 1, At.

4. L. orinocensis, Sprang. Branchlets tetragonal, at length cylindrical, rooting;

312

L0HANTIIACE2E.

leaves oval or oval-roundish, complicate at the top ; racemes single in the axils, terminal
compound : pedicels shorter than the ternately sessile flowers ; calyx truncate, half again
as long as the ovate, bluntish bractlet; corolla cylindrical in the hud’ : petals 6, linear (2£"'
long) ; filaments unequal, the longer dilated at the top : anthers erect, subulate ; berry ob-
long.— Kth. Nov. Gen. t. 299. — L. marginatus, Kth. (s non Desr.). L. paniculatus, Kth., and
L. polyrrhizus. Mart., are probably also synonyms. — Panama specimens of L. margin alus ,
Desr., are similar, but form a distinct species, having a denticulate calyx-limb, and the co-
rolla-buds abruptly ovoid above a cylindrical base. — Leaves l"-2", pedicels 1"' long ; style
cylindrical. — Hab. Trinidad!, Or. ; [Venezuela],

5. la. avicularius, Mart. Branchlets cylindrical : the young internodes tetragonal ;

leaves oval ; racemes axillary and terminal, compound : flower-clusters subsessile, or the in-
ferior pedicellate : flowers ternately sessile; calyx subtruncate, as long as the ovate, pointed
bractlet ; corolla ovate-oblong in the bud : petals 6, lanceolate linear long) ; fila-

ments unequal, hollowed on the margin, the longer dilated at the top : anthers erect, subu-
late ; berry “ ovate.”— -Leaves 1^"— 3", longest pedicels V" long ; flowers greenish- white ;
style slightly clavate. — Hab. Jamaica!, Pd. ; [Panama!, Venezuela!, Brazil!, Spruce, Lor.
6].

Sect. 3. Dendkopemon. — Fowers small, racemose or subspicate, single on the pedicels ;

the calyx-tube involved by a cupuliform , 3- dentate or 3-fid bractlet. Petals distinct.

Stamens alternately unequal, inserted below the middle of the petals, the longer filaments

excavated on the margin below their sterile anther : 3 fertile anthers cordate, erect.

Style bluntish.

6. la. parvifolms, Svj. Branchlets subcompressed-cylindrical ; leaves spathulate-lan-
ceolate or obovate, tapering into the petiole ; racemes axillary, simple, 3-9 -flowered, much
to twice exceeded by the leaves, rusty-furfuraceous : pedicels nearly as long as the flowers :
bractlet cupulate, equal, broadly 3-fid, with deltoid lobes ; corolla oblong, pointed in the
bud : petals 6, linear (\im long) ; berry ovoid-oblong. — L. montanus, Macf — Leaves small,
1" (6' -16"') long, still more variable in breadth, 3"'-9'" broad, blunt; pedicels lV"-3'"
long, distant ; style thickened in the middle ; berry 3"' long. — PIab. Jamaica !, all coll., in
the higher region, from the Blue Mountains to Manchester, upwards to the summits, e.g. on
Coffee-trees.

7. L. uniflorus, Jacq. Branchlets compressed, at length cylindrical ; leaves obovate
or spathulate, cuneate at the base, rounded or emarginate on the top ; racemes axillary,
simple, devoid of scaly down, 6 -many-flowered, as long as the leaves : pedicels distant, as
long as the flowers : bractlet obliquely cupulate, broadly 3-fid, with 2 lobes shorter; corolla
oblong, bluntish in the bud : petals 6, linear (1'" long) ; berry “ oblong.” — Jacq.Amer. Piet,
t. 100 ; Catesb. Carol. 2. t. 95. — Viscum purpureum, L. ex ic. Catesb. L. parviflorus,
Lam. — Leaves la"-2" long; pedicels 2"' long; corolla red; berry blackish-blue. — Hab.
Bahamas (Catesb.) ; [Cuba !, Haiti],

8. It. emarginatus, Sw. Branchlets compressed, at length cylindrical; leaves obovate-

roundish, shortly cuneate at the subsessile, complicate base, emarginate or mucronulate-sub-
truncate at the rounded top; racemes spiciform, axillary, simple, furfuraeeous, many-3-
flowered, as long as or much exceeded by the leaves : floioers subsessile or at length shortly
pedicellate : bractlet subequal, cupulate, 3-fld, with deltoid lobes ; corolla ovoid-oblong,
blunt in the bud: petals 6, lanceolate (1 long); berry ovoid-oblong. — Leaves 1£"-1"
long, broad; berry blackish-blue, 3"' long.— Hab. Jamaica!, Pd.; Antigua!,

Wullschl., S. Vincent !, Guild.

9. L. pauciflorus, Sw. ! Branchlets subcompressed-cylindrical ; leaves obovate, oval,
or oval-oblong, subacute at the base, rounded at the top ; racemes spiciform, axillary, simple
or tripartite, furfuraeeous, many-few-flowered, half as long as the leaves -. flowers subsessile :
bractlet cupulate, minutely 3 -dentate, at length subentire : 2 teeth smaller ; corolla oblong,
pointed in the bud : petals 6, linear (1^'" long) ; berry ovoid. — Leaves 2i"-l" long, 20"'-10 "
broad: petiole short, complicate; flower-pairs nt length distant ; stamens of L. parvfiolius ;
berry 4" long, broad. — Hab. Jamaica !, Sw. ; [Cuba !].

LORANTlIACEiE.

313

Sect. 4. Orvctanthl's. — Flowers small , spicate, sunk in excavations of the rhachis :

bractlets minute, 3, entire, concealed in their bottom or abortive. Petals and stamens

of Dendropemon.

10. Ij. occidentalis, L. {ex SI.), Sw. {non Lcejll) . Branchlets cylindrical, furfura-
ceous ; leaves ovate, blunt, with the principal veins separating from the midrib near its
base : petiole short, complicate ; spikes axillary, tetrastichous, often geminate-ternate, shortly
pcduncled, usually thrice shorter than the leaves : flowers approximate : bractlets 3, round-
ish, persistent ; corolla purple, shortly oblong and blunt in the bud : petals 6, lanceolate

long) ; fertile anthers roundish, mucronate ; berry ovoid-oblong. — SI. t. 200. f. 2. — L.
immersus, Bentli. L. spicatus, lib. Bks. : but L. spicatus, Jacq., is a distinct species,
which approaches (or is identical with) L. alveolatus, Kth. (Spruce, Lor. 13). — Leaves 3"-l"
long ; flowers half-exserted : bractlets wholly concealed ; style cylindrical ; berry 2'" long.
— Hab. Jamaica!, Macf, List., Al., Wullschl. ; [New Granada !, Guiana!].

2. PHORADENDRON, Nutt.

Flowers dioecious, apetalous. Calyx-limb 3 (rarely 2-4)-lobed. Anthers sessile, trans-
versely 2-locular : each cell opening with a pore or slit. Stigma sessile, blunt. Berry
closed at the top by the connivent calyx-limb. — Stem jointed at the nodes ; leaves opposite ;
spikes axillary, jointed : flowers sunk in excavations of the rhachis : rhachis-pieces sup-
ported by a truncate-bifid involucel.

Though all the numerous specimens in our collection prove female, from the following ar-
guments I confidently refer the leafy West Indian Visca (as well as most species of tropical
America) to Phoradendron.

1. In Ph. rubruni and Berterianum, 3 distinct or sessile anthers have been observed by
Macfadyen.

2. In all specimens the calyx-limb is 3-lobed : the 4 lobes, figured in his Viscum rubrurn
by Catesby, and “rarely” seen in his V. flavens by Macfadyen, are to be regarded as mon-
strosities.

3. In the peculiar structure of the rhachis, their bifid involucels, and the jointed stem,
their analogy with the North American species is perfect.

The term calyx in Phoradendron alludes to its green colour and its being persistent on
the fruit. But the usual discrimination of the outer flower-whorls according to their posi-
tion is not applicable to Loranthacece ; for here there are homologous organs, the petals of
Lorantlius (corresponding to those of Olacinece) , the calyx-divisions of Phoradendron, and
the naked stamens of Viscum (usually called sepals with adnate stamens).

* Leaves broad and large, 2"-6" long.

11. Ph. flavens, Gr. Branchlets subcompressed, at length cylindrical ; leaves ovate,
with a bluntish point : primary veins 4 (2—6), united near or at the base of the midrib,
prominulous ; spikes 1-3 in the axil, usually nearly half as long as the leaves : joints several,
distant: furrows hexastichous ; berry ovoid-globose. — Viscum, Sw. {exclus. syn. Plum.).
1 . macrophyllum, Macf. ! {non Spreng.). Ph. ehrysoeladon, As. Gr. : the form wdth 3—5-
plmerved leaves, passing in Jamaica into 5-nerved ones. — Branches golden-yellow (while in
the following species they are brownish) ; leaves 4"-2£" long, 2"-l" broad, tinged with
yellowish, which colour is preserved in drying.— Hab. Jamaica 1, Macf, Pd.; Dominica I,
Jmr., S. Vincent!, Guild.; [Mexico! to Brazil],

12. Ph. hexastichum, Gr. Branchlets compressed-tetragonal, at length subcylin-
c i ical ; leaves ovate or elliptical, obtusate, contracted at the base : primary veins inserted
along the midrib ; spikes 1-3 in the axils, 4 times or more exceeded by the leaf : joints
several, distant : furrows hexastichous; berry globose.— Plum. Ed. Barm. t. 258. f. 4.—
Viaenm, DC.— Leaves 5"-3" long, 2"-l" broad, black in drying.— Hab. S. Vincent 1, Guild. ;
[Cuba!, Mexico 1].

I j. Ph. Berterianum, Gr. Branchlets compressed, at length cylindrical ; leaves
"ttque, scmiovate-oblong or lanceolate-oblong, blunt, tapering into the petiole : primary
in ns inserted along the midrib, distant, delicate; spikes subsolitary in the axils, 2-4 times
exceeded by the leaf: joints 5-4.; furrows tetrastichous ; berry globose.— Viscum, DC.

314

L0RANTIIACE2E.

V. dichotomum, Sprenq. (exclus. syn.). V. Havens, Maef. partim ( non Sw.). — Branches
brownish; leaves 4"-3*' long, 18"'-8"' broad ; berry “ pale-yellow.” — Hab. Jamaica!, Al.,
M‘Nab, Pd., Macf., common ; S. Vincent I, Guild. y [Haiti, Venezuela !].

14. Ph. martinicense, Gr. Branchlets subcompressed, at length cylindrical ; leaves
oblong-lanceolate, bluntish, tapering at the base : primary veins 2-4, united near or at the
base of the midrib ; spikes 3-1 in the axils, 2-3 times exceeded by the leaf : joints 5-4 :
furrows tetrastichous ; berry globose. — Viscum, DC. V. aneeps, Spreng. — Branches vel-
lowish-brown ; leaves 3” long, 12"'-10'" broad. — Hab. Dominica !, -Imr. ; [Cuba!, Marti-
nique].

15. Ph. latifoliura, Gr. Branchlets cylindrical; leaves elliptical or elliptical-lanceo-
late, subacute at both ends, veinless, or with distant, obsolete veins along the midrib ; spikes
3-1 in the axils, 2-4 times exceeded by the leaf: joints 5-6 : furrows tetrastichous ; berry
ovoid-globose. — Viscum, Sw. V. tereticaule, DC. V. Havens, Macf. partim. — Branches
yellowish-brown, exactly cylindrical from the beginning; leaves 3"-5" long, l"-2" (-8"')
broad, thicker and their veins much less distinct than in Ph. Berterianum, usually quite in-
conspicuous.

a. Leaves veinless.

13. saururoides, DC. Leaf-veins 1-3-jugal, thickish, visible beneath. — V. latifolium, Lam.
sec. DC.

Hab Jamaica!, March (a), Macf. (a), Wullschl. (yS) ; [Cuba!, Panama!].

** Leaves narrow, 1"-2J" long.

16. Ph. rubrum, Gr. Branches and branchlets tetragonal ; leaves lanceolate or
linear-lanceolate, bluntish : veins 2-4, inserted at or near the base of the midrib, delicate ;
spikes 1-2 in the axils, as long as or half as long as the leaves : joints 4-5, distant : fur-
rows tetrastichous ; berry ovoid-globose. — Catesb. Carol. 2. t. 81. — Viscum, L. V. tetra-
gonum, Pcepp. I Cub. (: non DC.). V. Kunthianum, DC. Loranthus viscifolius, Kth. —
Leaves’ l"-2i" long, 3 "'-8'" broad ; berry “red.” — Hab. Bahamas {Catesb.) ; Jamaica!,
March; S. Vincent!, Guild.; Trinidad!, Cr. ; [Cuba !; Panama ! to Venezuela !; equat.
Brazil !].

*** Leaves obovate, small, 6"'-2" long.

17. Ph. trinervium, Gr. Branchlets tetragonal : branches at length subcylindrical ;
leaves obovate or spatladate, blunt, 3-5 -plinerved ; veins delicate; spikes glomerate, siugle,
usually half as long as the leaves : joints 2-3, distant: furrows tetrastichous; berry ovoid-
globose. — Plum. Ed. Burnt, t. 258. /. 2.— Viscum, Lam. V. verticillatum, L. Sp. ed. ii.
ex Hb. B/cs. ( exclus . syn. SI.). V. jamaicense, Macf— Branches brown ; leaves variable in
size, 10'"— 12"' (-2") long, 4"'-8"' (-14'") broad ; berry “yellow.”— Hab. Jamaica!, all
coll., common ; Antigua!, Wullschl., Dominica !, Imr. ; [Venezuela!].

18. Ph. macrostachyum, Gr. Branches and branchlets subcylindrical; leaves
spathulate, or obovate-roundish, blunt, veinless, or obscurely 3-5-nerved j spikes slender,
longer than the leaves, superior trichotomous- paniculate : joints 4-5, distant : furrows
tetrastichous; berry ovoid. — Jacq . Coll. 2. t. 5. f. 3. Viscum, Jacq. V. leptostachyum,
DC. ? — Branchlets yellowish-brown; leaves variable, 12"'-6"' long, 6"'-3'" broad ; spikes
10"'-20'" long. — IIab. Trinidad (Sieb. Tr. 357); [Cuba!].

19. Ph. myrtilloides, Gr. Branchlets tetragonal : branches at length striate-cylin-
drical; leaves obovate or spathulate, blunt, veinless, or obscurely 3(-5)-ncrved; spikes
single in the axils, minute, much exceeded by the leaves : joints 1-2 : furrows tetrastichous ;
berry subglobose. — Viseiun, W. V. mucronatuni, DC. V. tetragonuin, DC. Blanches vcl-
lowish ; leaves 6"'-12'" long, 3"'-6'" broad ; spikes l'"-4"' long.— IIab. Dominica !, Imr.;
[Cuba ! to Venezuela !].

3. ARCE1JTJIOB1UM, M. B.

Flowers dioecious, apetnlous : $ with a rudimentary pistil, exported from the disc. Ca-
lyx-limb 3-2 (rarely 4)-lobed or partite. Anthers sessile on the middle of the cnlyx-divi-
sions, unilocular, transversely dehiscent. Stigma sessile, blunt. — Stem dichotomous, aphyl-
lous’; leaves transformed into scales or points ; spikes of Phoradcndrou.

LORANTIIACEjE.

315

* Spike-pieces 2-flowered.

20. A. cupressoides, Gr. Brnnchlets striate-cylindrical, brittle : their internodes
twice as tony as those of the spike ; scales pointed, connate, forming a truncate, spreading
sheath, like those of the spike; spike-pieces 2-flowered: joints 6-2 ; flowers decussate;
calyx-limb 3-lobed. — Viscum, Macf. ! — A small parasite, resembling A. Orycedri , which
has a longer, 2-lobed ? calyx-limb ; stem-internodes 2'"-3"1 long : sheaths IV" diam. ;
spikes axillary, shortly peduncled. — Hab. Jamaica !, Macf., M'Nab, on trees of the Blue
Mountains.

** Flowers serial, marginal on the compressed spike-pieces.

21. A. gracile, Gr. Branchlets compressed, at length cylindrical: internodes linear,
truncate, much longer than those of the spike ; scales reduced or obsolete ; 3 spike-pieces
many-flowered : joints 3-2 (4-1) : flowers 1-2-seriate on each margin : involucels truncate-
2-fid, spreading ; $ calyx 3-partite. — Plum. Ed. Burm. t. 258./. 1. Besc. FI. 5. t. 348.
— Viscum, DC. V. flagelliforme, Besc. — Spithameous or l'high; internodes of the stem
12'"-6'", those of the spike 2'" long ; $ spikes peduncled, axillary, and terminal : anthers
roundish, compressed : disc flat ; style short, terminated with a trigonal stigma. — Hab.
Jamaica !, Pd., on trees in the mountains of Port Royal.

22. A. opuntioides, Gr. Branchlets flat-compressed, constricted at the joints : in-

teruodes oblong-linear, rounded at both ends near the truncate joint; scales obsolete, deci-
duous; $ spike-pieces spathulate, many-flowered: joints 3-2: flowers 1-serial on each
margin: involucels subtruncate, spreading; 5 spikes longer, cylindrical: pieces 2-4-

flowered : joints 3-4 : flowers distichous ; calyx of $ and calyx-limb of $ 3-lobed. — SI.
t. 201./. 1. — Viscum, L. — Stem l,-2/ high : branches ascending: internodes usually I f—
1" long, 6"'-3'" broad ; spikes shortly peduncled, axillary, 8"'-4w, $ 15"'-6"' long ;
calyx-lobes broadly ovate ; anthers roundish, compressed : rudimentary style cylindrical ;
$ calyx l'" diam., 9 calyx-limb l1" long, as long as the tube. — Hab. Jamaica !, all coll.,
on mountain-trees, Port Royal, S. Anns, Manchester.

CAPRI FOLIAGES.

315

* Spike-pieces 2-flowered.

20. A. cupressoides, Gr. Branchlets striate-cylindrical, brittle: their internodes

twice as long as those of the spike ; scales pointed, connate, forming a truncate, spreading
sheath, like those of the spike; spike-pieces 2-flowered : joints 6-2: flowers decussate; ?
calyx-limb 3-lobcd. — Visctim, Mac/.! — A small parasite, resembling A. Oxycedri , which
has a longer, 2-lobed ? calyx-limb; stem-internodes long: sheaths If" diam. ;

spikes axillary, shortly peduncled. — Hab. Jamaica!, Mac/., M‘Nab, on trees of the Blue
Mountains.

** Flowers serial, marginal on the compressed spike-pieces.

21. A. g-racile, Gr. Branchlets compressed, at length cylindrical : internodes linear,
truncate, much longer than those of the spike ; scales reduced or obsolete ; A spike-pieces
many-flowered: joints 3-2 (4-1) : flowers 1-2-seriate on each margin: involucels truncate-
2-fid, spreading; <? calyx 3-partite. — Plum. Ed. Burm. t. 258. f. 1 ; Besc. FI. 5. t. 348.
— Viscura, DC.. V. flagelliforme, Desc. — Spithameous or 1' high ; interuodes of the stem
12,"-6"', those of the spike 2'" long ; $ spikes peduncled, axillary and terminal : anthers
roundish, compressed : disc flat ; style short, terminated with a trigonal stigma. — II a b.
Jamaica!, Pd., on trees in the mountains of Port Royal.

22. A. opuntioides, Gr. Branchlets flat-compressed , constricted at the joints : in-

ternodes oblong-linear, rounded at both ends near the truncate joint ; scales obsolete, deci-
duous ; (? spike-pieces spathulate, many-flowered : joints 3-2 : flowers 1-serial on each
margin : involucels subtruncate, spreading ; ? spikes longer, cylindrical : pieces 2-4-

flowered : joints 3-4: flowers distichous; calyx of $ and calyx-limb of ? 3-lobed. — Si.
t. 201. f. 1. — Viscum, L. — Stem l7— 2' high: branches ascending: internodes usually lp'—
1" long, 6,"-3'" broad; spikes shortly peduncled, axillary, $ 8"'-4"', $ 15"'-G"' long;
calyx-lobes broadly ovate ; anthers roundish, compressed : rudimentary style cylindrical ;
<? calyx f" diam., ? calyx-limb 1'" long, as long as the tube. — Hab. Jamaica !, all coll.,
on mountain-trees, Port Royal, S. Anns, Manchester.

XCIII. CAPKIEOLIACEiE.

Stamens epipetalous, rarely epigynous. Ovary inferior, syncarpous or simple by abortion.
Embryo small, in fleshy albumen. — Leaves opposite, devoid of interpetiolar stipules.

1. VIBURNUM, L.

Calyx-limb minute, 5-partite. Corolla infundibular-rotate. Stamens 5, epipetalous.
Ovary 1-celled : ovule single, pendulous: stigmas 1-3, sessile. Drupe 1-seeded. — Shrubs;
leaves simple ; flowers white, in fastigiate cymes : bracteoles opposite, deciduous.

1. V. villosum, Sw. Branchlets and peduncles puberulous with stellate down; leaves
chartaceous, elliptical, quite entire (or subdentate above), hoary with short stellate down
beneath, or glabrate; cymes peduncled, 6-5(7-4)-rayed : flowers all fertile; calyx-lobes
ovate, ciliate ; drupe obliquely ovoid, black. — 6' high ; very variable in the down and leaves ;
drupe 2'" long. If" thick.

a. Leaves hoary-villous beneath.

A glabrescens. Leaves glabrate ; down persisting on the cymes.

y. subdentalum. Leaves tliickish, rugose, subdentate, undulate, villous or glabrate be-
neath : the veins impressed above, prominent beneath.

Hab. Jamaica!, all coll., common in the southern mountains at 1000'-4000' alt ■ TNew
Granada 1, Ecuador!].

SlaLratum, Klh. Branchlets and peduncles hispidulous ; leaves chartaceous,
e ip ica -o ong, quite entire, glabrous or hispidulous on the revolute margin ; cymes pe-
v 'ayU,d,: ,flowcrs all fertile ; calyx-lobes deltoid, glabrous; drupe obliquely el-
• f ./ a 0 , °f^’ klack. V. alpinum, Macf . — Leaves smaller and cymes less proliferous than
mu °.f the, PrecedinK ; druPe 3"' long, 2"' thick.— Hab. Jamaica!, Macf,

Ecuador ! ^cru l]^0^ m0Un^a'U8* wood; [Venezuela I, New Granada!,

r

3 1 r,

RUBIACEdl.

XCIY. RUBIACEiE.

Stamens inserted into the sympetalous corolla, rarely free from it. Ovary inferior, rarely
free above its base, syncarpous. Embryo usually included in albumen. — Leaves mostly quite
entire, whorled : one pair in the whorl developed, the rest (the stipules ) minute, or all
developed.

Powerful action upon the nervous system is the most remarkable property in this Order,
which affords Coffee, Ciuchona, and Ipecacuanha. Of Quinquina, only the spurious barks
called “ Quinquina Piton,” or “ China caribiea,” occur in the West Indies ( Exostemma flo-
ribundum and brachycarpum), while the genuine white Ipecacuanha ( Richardsonia scabra)
is a native of Jamaica. Coutarea speciosa is used as an emetic in Trinidad (Lockh.) ;
Chiococca racemosa affords the resolvent root of Cainca : and Spiyelia anthelmia, though
poisonous, is a reputed anthelmintic. A yellow pigment is extracted from Morinda Royoc
and citrifolia, a red one from Oldenlandia umbellata. Timber trees in this Order are :
Chimarrhis cymosa ; Guettarda argentea, an excellent timber-tree (Wils.) ; Chione glabra ;
Ixora ferrea, a hard wood, used for axe-handles (Imr.).

TRIBES.

Placentas pluriovulate ( Cinchonacem ).

Pericarp fleshy.

Placentas parietal "

Placentas central.

Ovules immersed

Ovules superficial.

Corolla imbricative

Corolla valvate

Pericarp capsular.

Stipules between the petioles.

Corolla valvate

Corolla imbricative

Stipules connecting the petioles ; stem herbaceous.

Stipules with bristles

Stipules entire ; capsule superior

Ovary-cells uniovulate (Cofl'eacea) .

Leaves opposite.

Pericarp fleshy.

Seeds exalbuminous, mostly cylindrical . . .

Seeds albuminous.

Ovules pendulous.

Corolla imbricative

Corolla valvate

Ovules laterally attached. Corolla contorted

Ovules erect. Corolla valvate

Pericarp dry.

Ovules pendulous. Radicle superior . . . .

Ovules laterally attached. Radicle inferior . .

Leaves whorled, exstipulate

Gardenie*.

Ran die*.

Hamelie*.

Sabicie*.

Cinchone*.

Rondeletiee.

Hedyotee.

Spigeliee.

Guettardee. •

Chiococcee.

Vanguieriee.

Ixoree.

Psych otriee.

Cephaianthee.

Spermacoccee.

Stellate.

Tribe I. C INC II ON A CEjE. — Placentas many (-‘l) -ovulate.

Sttbtribe 1. GARB ENIEJE. — Corolla-lobes contorted or imbricative. Pericarp fleshy,
indehiscent : placentas parietal, many-seeded. — Woody plants; stipules interpetiolar ;
flowers corymbose, clustered, or single.

1. GENIPA, L.

Calyx-limb campanulate, truncate, or 5 -dentate. Corolla salver-shaped : tube cylindrical :
Jimb sinistrorsely contorted, 5-partite. Stamens inserted below or into the corolla-throat,
semiexserted or exserted : anthers linear, subsessile. Stigma clavate or 2-fid. Ovary 1-

RUBIACEAS.

317

celled: placentas 2, almost touching each other in the axis. Berry apparently 2-celled by
the placentas contiguous or overlapping. — Flowers in terminal corymbs.

The character is enlarged, to admit Gardenia c/asiifo/ia, Jaeq., but I want materials to
decide whether Swartz has not correctly united Genipa with Gardenia. The ovary presents
the same structure : thus the distinction is confined to the greater number of placenta: iu
the Gardenia, figured by Wight, and to the inflorescence.

1. G. americana, L. Leaves lanceolate-oblong, glabrous; corymbs shortly peduncled :
pedicels shorter than the truncate calyx ; corolla silky, hirsute at the throat : tube shortly
exserted, as long as the lobes ; anthers exserted ; stigma clavate ; berry “ ovoid.” — I) esc.
FI. 2. t. 87. — Gardenia Genipa, Sic. — A tree ; leaves 5"-10", white flowers 1", “ berry 2"
long.” — Hab. Caribbean Islands ! ; [Haiti, French islands ! ; New Granada !, Guiana !].

2. G. Caruto, Kth. Leaves obovate, pubescent beneath (or glabrate); corymbs shortly
peduncled : pedicels as long as the truncate-repand or dentate calyx ; corolla strigose-to-
mentose on the outside and within : tube shortly exserted, as long as the lobes ; anthers ex-
serted ; stigma clavate; berry ovate-oblong. — A tree; leaves 6"-8", calyx 4"'-5'", corolla-
tube 6'" long. — Hab. S. Vincent!, Guild.; Trinidad!, Cr. ; [Cuba!; Tabasco!, Veraguas!,
New Granada !, Guiana !].

3. G. clusiifolia, Gr. Leaves obovate, sub truncate at the top , glabrous ; corymbs
shortly peduncled : pedicels as long as the calyx ; calyx-limb 5 -jid : lobes linear, distant;
corolla glabrous : tube exserted, nearly as long as the lobes ; anthers semi-exserted ; stigma
2-fid: lobes lanceolate-setaceous ; berry ovoid. — Catesb. Carol. 1. t. 59; Jacq. Coll. 5. t. 4.
f. 3 : anal. Gardenia, Jacq. — A shrub; leaves 4J1— 2" loug, black in drying; corolla-tube
6Wj “berry B" long.” — Hab. Bahamas!, Swains. ; [Cuba !, on maritime rocks].

Subtribe 2. II ANDIE rE. — Corolla-lobes imbricative or contorted. Pericarp fleshy, inde-
hiscent : ovules oo (—2), immersed into thick central placentas. — Woody plants; stipules
interpetiolar ; flowers corymbose, clustered, or single.

2. CATES BiEA, L.

Calyx-limb 4-partite. Corolla infundibular : tube tapering downwards : lobes 2 exterior,
2 interior induplicative. Stamens inserted into the corolla-base, exceeding its throat : an-
thers linear, erect. Style subentire. Berry 2-celled : seeds compressed, wingless, parallel
to the placenta-projections. — Small-leaved shrubs : axils spiny ; pedicels axillary.

4. C. spinosa, L. Leaves ovate or obovate, nearly as loug as the spines ; flowers

large, yellow, nodding ; calyx as long as the pedicel : limb-segments subulate, much shorter
than the tube ; corolla-tube gradually tapering from the limb to the middle, filiform below
it, 0 times longer than the ovate, pointed lobes; berry ovoid. — Catesb. Carol. 2. t. 100 •
Bot. Mag. t. 131 Bot. Reg. t. 858; Rich. Cub. t. 47.— C. longiflora, Sw. C. latifolia,’
Lmdl. C. macrantha, Rich. Leaves 4"'-8'", corolla-tube 5"-6" berry li" long —Hab
Bahamas!, Swains.; cultivated in Jamaica !, Al. ; [Cuba!]. °

5. C. parviflora, Sw. Leaves roundish-elliptical or obovate, usually exceeded by the

spines; flowers small white, shortly pedicellate ; segments of the calyx-liinb lanceolate, acu-
", h? ,thf ,tUbe > corolla-lube tapering from the limb to the base, twice as long

With i p01, d u/f ; b,erry Klobose- SI. t. 207./. l.-C. parvifolia, DC. .- a form
with puberulous branchlets and small leaves. C. campanulata, Ram '—Very sniuv 6' hi-di •

S 7 "r113* 4"' lo“* ’ ^rry dfam.-HAB. Jamai^ IIS

thickets along the northern coast; Antigua!, Lane, Wullschl.; [Cuba I, Haiti].

3. POSOQUERIA, Aubl.

titeC“mtrSvo'dC vlatC' C°r0tt? ?alv.e,r-sllaPed : long, filiform : limb gibbous, 5-par-

then“C^^?l^r^:,flI,ament8 8hort> iuse,'ted it,t0 thu eorofia-throut : an-

^ thCirbaSLV ^erry 2-celled. Shrubs ; flowers

brous • cHvx^teeth’lflnnf' Lca;yc9. °vate or olliptical, rounded at the base, leathery, gla-
. y t-th blunt ; corolla-tube straight, much longer than the nodding limb : lobes

i 2

318

RUBIACE7E.

oblong, blunt, unequal ; anthers subcqual ; stigma subentire ; berry subglobose. — Rudg.
Guian. t. 40. — Solena, Rudg. P. trinitatis, J)C. — Stipules variable, oblong or deltoid;
corolla-limb in the bud oval-oblong, blunt ; leaves 6"-4 ", corolla-tube 6"-3", larger lobes
6'" long. — Hab. S. Vincent 1, Guild. ; Trinidad (Sieb.) ; [Panama!, Venezuela!, Guiana!,
Brazil].

4. RAND1A, L.

Calyx-limb with 5 (4-6) segments or teeth. Corolla salver-shaped : tube subcylindrical :
limb contorted or contorted-imbricative. Stamens exserted : anthers erect, sessile at the
corolla-throat. Stigma 2-fid. Berry 2-celled : seeds of Catesbcea. — Shrubs ; flowers sub-
sessile or pedicellate, usually clustered , white in the West Indian species.

Sect. 1. Oxyceros, DC. — Corolla-limb sinistrorsely contorted: tube cylindrical or

gradually enlarged.

7 R. aculeata, L. Spines opposite, supra-axillary (or none) ; leaves obovate or ellip-
tical, at length leathery, glabrous ; flowers single— ternate, subsessile, lateral or axillary ; calyx-
limb shortly campanulate : teeth distant, lanceolate, bluntish, recurved ; corolla-tube sub-
cyliudrical, internally villous , as long as or twice as long as the ovate-oblong or ovate
lobes; anthers linear ; berry globose (or ovoid). — Leaves l"-3", corolla -tube 2'"-4'" lone ;
berry 4"'-6'" diam.

a. Spiny ; leaves obovate-roundisb, blunt, cuneate at the subsessile base, black in drying.
— SI. t. 11./. 4 ; Br. Jam. t. 8./. 1. — Gardenia Randia, Sw. — Mr. March collected a form
of this without spines aud with ovoid berries.

J8. mitis, L. Usually unarmed ; leaves elliptical (or lanceolate-elliptical), pointed, ta-
pering into a short petiole, usually larger than in a. — SI. t. 161./. 1.— R. latifolia, Lam.

Hab. Bahamas !, Swains, (a) ; Jamaica !, all coll, (a, /3), common on dry hills ; Antigua !,
Nichols. ; Dominica !, Imr. ; [Key West!, Cuba!, Haiti !, S. Thomas !].

8. R. armata, DC. Spines in fours below the summit of branchlets ; leaves ovate or
elliptical, pointleted, membranaceous, glabrate, puberulous on the nerves beneath; flowers
glomerate, terminal; calyx-limb 5-partite : segments linear, spreading; corolla-tube cylin-
drical, glabrous at the throat, 4 times as long as the ovate-lanceolate lobes : limb before
anthesis subuliform ; berrv “ovoid ."-—Jacq. Amer. Piet. t. 71. — Gardenia, Sw. Musssenda
spinosa, Jacq. — Leaves 3"-2", calyx-limb 3"'-6"', corolla-tube 12"' long. — Hab. S. Lucia
(Sw.) ; [Martinique; New Granada to Guiana!].

Sect. 2. Eucunia, I)C. — Corolla-tube long, cylindrical', abruptly dilated at the throat:
limb contorted-imbricative : one lobe exterior. Anthers pointed.

9. R. Mousssendse, DC. Unarmed ; leaves lanceolate-elliptical or lanceolate, pubes-
cent beneath, membranaceous ; flowers single at the top of reduced branchlets, sessile ; calyx-
limb 5-Jid : lobes distant, subulate-setaceous, erect ; corolla-tube 4-2 times as long as the
ovate, pointed lobes, externally pubescent, villous at the throat ; berry glabrate, ovoid. —
Jacq. Amer Piet. t. 70. — Musssenda forinosa, Jacq. — Leaves l"-3", calyx-limb 2'", corolla-
tube 2"-3", berry 1" long. — Hab. S. Vincent!, Guild.; Trinidad!, Cr., in savannahs;
[Mexico to Guayaquil ! and Guiana !].

5. AMAJOUA, Aubl.

Flowers usually unisexual. Calyx-limb campanulate, deciduous, 6-deutate, or subtruncate.
Corolla salver-shaped : tube cylindrical : limb sinistrorsely contorted, 6-partite. Stamens
included, inserted into the corolla-tube : anthers linear, erect, subsessile. Stigma clavate.
Ovary 2-cellcd, with a thin dissepiment : cells many-ovulate. Berry dry : cells incompletely
subdivided by slight lamellar projections of tbecndocarp between the 2-serial seeds. — Shrubs ,
arched leaf- veins prominulous beneath ; flowers clustered or corymbose, hairy.

10. A. fagifolia, Desf. Branchlets striatc-cylindrical, strigose ; leaves elliptical or
obovate, shortly pointleted, glabrous, sericeous on the veins beneath, petioled ; clusters
fascicled-terminal, shortly pcduncled or subsessile, sericeous: flowers subsessile; calyx-limb
short : teeth minute, setaceous, distant ; corolla-lobes lanceolate, as long as the tube; berrv
ovoid. — Mem. Mus. G. t. 5.— A. guinnensis , Seem. Panam. (non Desf.). — Leaves 3"-5 ,

RUBIACE/E.

3 1 9

petioles nnd longest peduncles 6"'-8'", ? calyx-limb 1'"-%"', corolla-tube 2"'-3'", berry O'"
long. — Hab. Trinidad !, Pd., Cr. ; [Panama !, Guiana, equat. Brazil].

11. A. coryxnbosa, Kth. Branchlets subcylindrical, sericeous ; leaves elliptical,
shortly pointleted, glabrous, sericeous on the veins beneath : petioles sericeous ; corymbs pe-
duncled, fascicled-terminal, sericeous : peduncle exceeding the petiole : flowers pedicellate ;
3 calyx-limb half as long as the corolla-tube : teeth lanceolate, much shorter than the tube,
distant ; corolla-lobes lanceolate, as long as the tube.— Kth. N. Gen. t. 294. — Leaves 4"-6",
petioles 10"'-] 2'", peduncles 2", $ calyx-limb 3"'-2"', corolla-tube 4'"— 5'" long ; pedicels
variable in length (Cr.), 2'"— 3'" long in our specimens. — Hab. Trinidad !, Cr., at Acaro ;
[Venezuela],

6. CORDJERA, Rich.

Flowers unisexual. Calyx-limb truncate. Corolla salver-shaped : tube subcylindrical :
limb sinistrorsely contorted, 4-5-partite. Stamens included, inserted below the corolla-
throat: anthers subsessile. “Stigma 4-5-fid. Ovary 4-5-celled: cells 2 ovulate. Berry -
cells 1 -seeded.” — Glabrous shrubs ; flowers sessile, terminal, $ ternate, ^ solitary.

12. C. triflora, Rich. Leaves oblong-lanceolate, bluntish, chartaceous ; corolla pube-
rulous: lobes lanceolate, acuminate, nearly as long as the tube.— Leaves 3"-2^", 3 calyx-
limb 1'", corolla 10"'-12'" long. — Hab. Trinidad!, Pd., Cr., in the Savannah de Omara;
[Guiana 1].

7. SCILRADERA, V.

Calyx-limb truncate. Corolla salver-shaped or infundibular : lobes 5-10, imbricative,
one interior, the others usually valvate. Stamens inserted into the corolla-tube or its throat :
anthers linear or oblong, affixed to the filaments above their base. Stigma 2-4-fid. Berry
2-4-celled : cells many-seeded. — Trailing shrubs, rooting on tlieir supports; stipules deci-
duous ; flowers capitate : heads involucred by connate bracts.

13. S. capitata, V. Leaves elliptical, pointed : stipules oblong, blunt, exceeding the
petiole; flower-heads peduncled, terminal; corolla infundibular: tube camp emulate, shortly
exceeding the calyx : lobes 5-6, oblong-lauceolate, nearly as long as the tube ; stamens in-
cluded ; berry 2-celIed. — Vahl, Eclog. 1. t. 5 : the tube longer than in our specimen. —
Corolla 10'" long or smaller. — Hab. Montserrat (F.), Dominica !, Imr.

14. S. cephalotes, V. Leaves elliptical or lanceolate-oblong: stipules spathulate-ob-
long, blunt, as long as the petiole ; flower-heads peduncled, terminal, single : involucre entire,
much shorter than the calyx ; corolla salver-shaped : tube cylindrical, twice as long as the
calyx : lobes 8-10, linear-lanceolate, pointed, as long as the tube ; stamens exserted, in-
serted into the corolla-throat ; berry 4-celled. — Fuchsia involucrata, Sw. /—Corolla white :
tube 8'" long. — Hab. Jamaica!, Sw., Al., Wils., M‘Nab, March, on rocks in mountain-
woods, S. Anns, Morca’s Gap.

Subtbibe 3. HAMELIE2E. — Corolla-lobes imbricative. Ovules oo, superficial upon the

central placentas. Pericarp baccate, indehiscent : sarcocarp thin: seeds minute, wing-
less. Stipules iuterpetiolar ; flowers usually in cymes.

8. 1SERTIA, Schreb.

(Brignolia, DC. Bruinsmia, Miq.)

Calyx-limb 4(-8)-dcntate. Corolla tubular, infundibular below the limb : lobes 6, valvate
below, imbricative at the top. Stamens included or scmiexserted, inserted into the middle
ot the corolla-tube : anthers linear-acuminate, affixed to short filaments above their base.
• igmu- oics 6, distinct or connate. Berry 6(-4)-pyrenous. — Woody plants ; interpetiolar

sipucs -partite or combined; cymes in a terminal, trichotomous, thi/rsoid panicle:
Mowers red or yellow.

1 J coccinea, F. Leaves elliptical, pointleted, glabrous above, pubescent, with stel-

■ 0WI) ifn Ilai,llc'u pubescent: central flowers subsessile; calyx-teeth blunt; corolla
pu seen curded at the throat : lobes reduplicate-crested near the margin below, 10 times
snorter than the tube; stigma-lobes filiform, distinct.— Aubl, t. 123; Miq. Surin. t. 48.—

320

RUB I ACE/E.

Guettarda, Audi. I. flava, Miq. — A tree; leaves 10"-6", corolla lone, the latter

crimson and yellow above.— Hab. S. Vincent!, Guild. ; [New Granada, Guiana!].

10. I. Haenkeana, DC. Leaves obovate or elliptical, pointleted, glabrous above, pu-
Descent with stellate down beneath ; panicle pubescent : central flowers pedicellate ; calyx-
teeth deltoid ; corolla glabrcsccnt 3 bearded at the throat : lobes reduplicate-crested near the
margin below, about 6 times shorter than the tube; stigma-lobes filiform, subdistinct. —
/• «« flower. — I. coccinca, Barit. ! J. commutata, Miq. — A tree ; leaves

12 -8 , corolla 8 -14 long, the latter crimson. — Hab. Caribbean islands; [Guadeloupe!;
Mexico!, New Granada!, Guiana],

17. I. parviflora, /. Leaves oblong or elliptical-oblong, glabrous above, hispidulous
beneath with nearly simple hairs or glabresceut; panicle hispidulous: special cymes con-
tracted, with the central flowers subsessile ; calyx-teeth deltoid -roundish ; corolla glabrous,
pilose within : lobes slightly keeled below on the margin, about as long as the tube ; stigma-
lobes _ semiovoid, usually combined .—Vahl, Eclog. 2. t. 15; Miq. Surin. t. 49.— Brignolia
acuminata, DC. Bruinsmia isertioides, Miq.— A shrub ; leaves 12"-6", corolla 4"'-6"'long.
• — Hab. Trinidad !, Lockh., Pd., common in woods, Arima hills ; [Guiana !].

9. HAMELIA, Jacq.

Calyx-limb short, 5-lobed. Corolla tubular or eampauulate above the base : tube plaited :
lobes 5, imbricative. Stamens inserted above the corolla-base : anthers linear, erect, in-
cluded, with their summit exserted. Stigma entire. Berry 5-celled, 5-furrowed, produced
above the calyx-limb. — Shrubs or trees ; cymes terminal : flowers red or yellow, the lateral
ones on the inner side of racemiform, scorpioid branches.

18. H. ventricosa, Sw. Leaves 3 (-2) in the whorl, elliptical, pointleted, glabrous
or glabrate beneath ; cymes 3-5-rayed ; calyx-tube turbinate at the base, longer than the
pedicel ; corolla-tube glabrous, constricted above the base, campanulate above the stricture,
8-6 times longer than the rounded, spreading lobes; berry ovoid or oblong. — St. t. 183. f.
2.— A large tree or shrub ; corolla yellow, 18'" long, 6"'-5'" broad above.— Hab. Jamaica !,
all coll., in dry soil.

19. H. cuprea, Gr. (n. sp.). Leaves 2 (-3) in the whorl, lanceolate-elliptical, shortly
acuminate, glabrous ; cymes 3 -rayed : central pedicels longer than the calyx ; calyx-tube
ovate, as long as the lateral pedicels ; corolla-tube glabrous, constricted above the base,
campanulate above the stricture, 6 times longer than the rounded, spreading lobes ; berry
ovoid-subglobose. — Br. Jam. t. 14. f. 1. — Nearly allied with the preceding. A small tree,
with bronze-coloured flowers ; leaves 2"-3" long, 10",-18'" broad ; calyx ll'", corolla 1"
long, 3"'-4 broad above ; berry 3'" long, 2"' broad. — Hab. Jamaica 1, M‘Nab, Wils.,
March, e.g. S. Anns.

20. H. chrysantha, Sw. ( exclus . syni). Leaves opposite, cuneate-elliptical, glabrous ;
cymes 3-rayed; calyx-tube ovaie-subglobose, at length shorter than all pedicels ; corolla-
tube glabrous, tubular, slightly dilated above the base, 6 times longer than the ovate, erect
lobes; berry “ oblong.” — A shrub, 5-8' high; corolla orange, 6'"-8"' long. — Hab. Ja-
maica!, A/., Wils., in the northern and western districts, in mountain-thickets.

21. H. patens, Jacq. Leaves 3-4 (5-2) in the whorl, elliptical, pointleted, cuneate at
the base, glabrate above, pubescent beneath or glabrescent ; cymes 3-5-rayed, often twice
divided : central flowers subsessile ; calyx-tube ovate, much longer than the very short pe-
dicel ; corolla-tube puberulous or glabrate, tubular, subcylindrical, much longer than the
dentiform, suberect lobes ; berry ovoid. — Jacq. Amer. Piet. t. 72 ; Besc. FI. t. 107. — H.
latifolia, Bchb. !: the glabrescent form (Sieb. Tr. 32). — A shrub; corolla crimson, 12,,,-6I"
long. — IIab. Jamaica 1, all coll. ; S. Kitts !, Dominica 1, Imr., S. Vincent 1, Guild, ; Tri-
nidad!, Sieb., Cr. ; [Key West !, Cuba 1 and Mexico ! to Peru ! and Brazil !].

22. H. lutea, Bohr. Leaves opposite, elliptical, pointleted, glabrous ; cymes 3-rayed
or trichotomous below ; calyx-tube campanulate, much longer than the very short pedicels :
lobes of the limb linear, blunt, spreading ; corolla-tube glabrous, campanulate-tubular above
the cylindrical base, 6 times longer than the subcrect lobes ; berry ovoid. — Jacq. Ic. Bar. t.
335. — H. chrysantha, Jacq. ( non Sw.). H. axillaris, Sw. : a form with the cymes exceeded
by dichotomous branches. — A low shrub ; corolla yellow, 6'" long. — Hab. Jamaica !, Pd,,
March, Wils., in woods ; Trinidad 1, Pd., Cr. ; [Cuba !, S. Thomas 1 ; Venezuela].

IMJBIACEAL

321

10. BERT1ERA, Aubl.

Calyx-limb 5 -dentate. Corolla infundibular : lobes 5, imbricative, cuspidate. Stamens
inserted into the corolla-throat, semiexserted : anthers linear-acuminate, sessile. Stigma
bifid. Berry 2-celled. — Shrubs, with accumbent down on the branchlets and the under
side of the leaf -veins ; stipules single : the pair united at the base ; panicle terminal, race-
miform-trichotomous : flowers white, small, mucronate in the bud, serial on the inner side
of the scorgioid branches.

23. B. guianensis, Aubl. Leaves oblong or elliptical-oblong, pointed : stipules subu-
late ; branches of the panicle distant : flowers sessile ; corolla pubescent, bearded at the
throat; berry globose, striate, crowned with minute calyx-teeth. — Aubl. t. 69. — Leaves
6"-4", corolla 3'" long; berry 2'" diam. — Hab. Trinidad !, Pd., Cr.,S. Anns; [Venezuela!,
Guiana !, equat. Brazil 1],

11. HOFFMANNLA, Sw.

(Higginsia, Pers.)

Calyx-limb 4-dentate. Corolla rotate or salver-shaped : divisions oblong, slightly im-
bricative. Stamens inserted into the glabrous corolla-throat or tube, exserted : anthers erect.
Stigma 2-fid. Berry 2-celled. — Shrubs; leaves membranaceous ; cymes axillary, trans-
formed into unilateral-scorpioid racemes or spikes, or reduced into clusters.

Planchon’s and Link’s Higginsice represent exactly Swartz’s Eoflmannia, while Ruiz and
Pavon’s original Ohigginsice (known to me only from the figures of the FI. Peruviana) are
said to have shorter, subincluded anthers. They are however undoubtedly congeners, being
united by my H. tubiflora.

24. H. pedunculata, Sw. ! Branchlets rusty-pilose ; leaves elliptical, pointed, cuneate
at the long-petioled base, glabrescent above, rusty-pilose with scattered down beneath ; ra-
cemes few-8-flowered, peduncled : peduncles as long as or exceeding the petiole : pedicels
as long as the calyx ; corolla rotate : segments twice as long as the calyx ; stamens inserted
into the corolla-throat : anthers linear, subsessile ; stigma-lobes short. — Sw. FI. t. 5 : analyt. :
the stigma-lobes loo short. — 2'-3' high, woody below, herbaceous above ; leaves 3"-4", pe-
tiole 6"'-12"', peduncles 1", calyx 1"' long ; corolla yellow and variegated with red : segments
bluntish. — Hab. Jamaica !, Sw., in mountain woods.

25. H. tubiflora, Gr. in. sp.). Glabrous; leaves elliptical, pointleted, cuneate at the
long-petioled base ; racemes few-flowered, sessile, twice exceeded by the petiole : pedicels
approximate, as long as or longer than the calyx ; corolla salver-shaped : segments half as
long as the tube, tube twice as long as the calyx ; stamens inserted into the middle of the
corolla-tube : anthers oblong, as long as the filaments ; stigma-lobes semi-ovoid. — Related
to H.psychotriifolia (Higginsia, Benth.). Leaves 3"-4", petiole 6"'-8'", pedicels 2"'-l'",
corolla-tube 2"' long ; corolla-lobes bluntish, twice as long as the anthers. — Hab. S. Vin-
cent !, Guild.

12. GONZALEA, Pers.

Calyx-limb 4-fid. Corolla infundibular or salver-shaped, hairy at the throat : lobes im-
bricative, 2 exterior, 2 interior induplicate. Stamens included, inserted into the corolla-
tube : anthers incumbent. Stigma 2-fid. Drupe 4— 2-pyrenous. — Shrubs or trees ; flowers
fascicled, in terminal racemes.

26. G. Petesia, Gr. Leaves elliptical-oblong or lanceolate-oblong, pointed, puberulous
beneath or glabrate : stipules deltoid-subulate, shorter than the petiole ; calyx-lobes minute,
deltoid ; corolla infundibular, villous at the throat ; lobes nearly as long as the infundibular
tube ; anthers oblong ; drupe fleshy, 4-cclled.— Petesia spicata, Sw.—k tree, 25' high, or
reduced to a virgate shrub ; corolla 2"' long; drupe 1"' diam — Hab. Jamaica!, Pd., Al.,

' *'*•> March, uncommon in woods, Monengue, Manchioncal ; [Cuba !].

27. G. spicata, DC. Leaves elliptical-oblong, elliptical, or lanceolate-oblong, pointed,
puicscent beneath or glabrate : stipules subulate, nearly as long as the petiole ; calyx-lobes

‘near or spathulatc-linear, as long as the tube; corolla salver-shaped, strigose-pubescent,
villous at the throat: tube cylindrical, slightly dilated at the top, 3-4 times as tong as the

322

RUBIACEjE.

^^f»a,ntherS 1oblon?-llnear> dmPe dlT> 2-celled. — Lygistum, Lam. — A shrub; corolla
4 -5 long ; drupe furrowed at the commissure, If" diam.— Hab. Antigua !, WulUehl
Dominica!, Imr., S. Vincont!, Guild. ; Trinidad!, Sieb. Tr. 87, Lockh., Cr. ; TCuba’
French islands ! ; Guiana !, Bahia !]. *

Subtiube 4. SABICIE2E. — Character of Hamelieac, but corolla-lobes valvate. — Flowers

clustered.

13. SABICEA, Aubl.

Calyx-limb 5-4-partite (or -dentate). Corolla salver-shaped, hairy on the outside: lobes
valvate. Stamens included, inserted into the corolla-tube : anthers oblong-linear. Stigma
5-4-fid. Berry 5-4-celled.— Scandent shrubs; leaf-veins curved; flowers fascicled or
glomerate, axillary, white.

28. S. hirta, Sw. Pilose ; leaves elliptical, pointleted : stipules large, cordate-roundish ;
fascicles 3-5 -flowered, supported by a 4-lobed involucre, shortly peduncled : pedicels longer
than the calyx-tube ; calyx-lobes 5, oblong-lanceolate, twice as long as the tube, twice ex-
ceeded by the strigose corolla-tube ; corolla-lobes oblong, blunt.— Sw. FI. t. 10. /. inf. -.
analyt. — Schwenkfelda, Sw.— Corolla-tube 5"'-6"', lobes 2"' long; berry white.— Hab.
Jamaica!, Macf, Fd., Wils., in mountain-woods, at 3000' alt., e.y. Manchester.

29. S. hirsuta, Kth. Pilose ; leaves elliptical, pointleted, pilose with scattered hairs
above and on the nerves beneath : stipules large, cordate-roundish ; flowers glomerate, ses-
sile ; calyx-lobes 5, lanceolate, pointed, twice as long as the hispid tube, twice exceeded by
the hispid corolla-tube — S. hirta trinitensis, DC. — Leaves quite glabrous or glabrate beneath
between the primary veins; corolla-tube 4'" loug.— Hab. Trinidad!, Lockh., Cr., along
roadsides; [Venezuela].

14. COCCOCYPSELUM, F. Br.

Calyx-limb 4-partite. Corolla infundibular : lobes valvate. Stamens inserted into the
corolla-tube : anthers oblong. Stigma 2-fid. Berry 2-celled. — Creeping or trailing herbs ;
leaf- veins curved ; flowers glomerate, axillary , blue or purple.

30. C. repens, Sw. Annual, pubescent; leaves ovate, subacute : stipules linear-acumi-
nate, exceeded by the petioles ; flower-heads subsessile or shortly peduncled, few-flowered :
bracts linear, as long as the calyx ; calyx-lobes linear, as long as the globose berry ; stamens
included. — Br. Jam. t. 6./. 1. — Corolla blue, 3'" long. — Hab. Jamaica!, Macf., M‘Nab,
Al., March, on dry hills; [Cuba !, Haiti].

31. C. Pseudotontanea, Gr. (n. sp.). Suffrutescent, trailing, pubescent with minute
down ; leaves ovate, subacute : stipules linear, as long as or exceeded by the petiole ; flower-
heads few-flowered : peduncle as long as the leaf: bracts linear, half as long as the calyx ;
calyx-lobes linear, as long as the globose berry ; stamens included, not reaching to the
throat. — Habit of C. Tontanea, Kth., but peculiar by having deeply inserted stamens, twice
exceeded by the corolla-tube, which is 3"' long. — Hab. Jamaica !, Pd., on moist banks near
Coldspring Gap.

32. C. nummularifolium, Cham. Schlecht. 1 Creeping, villous; leaves ovate or
ovate-roundish, subacute or mucronulate : stipules setaceous, much exceeded by the petioles ;
flower-heads few-flowered : peduncle exceeding the long petiole : bracts linear, shorter than
the calyx-tnbe ; calyx-lobes lanceolate-linear, shorter than the globose berry ; stamens ex-
ceeding the corolla-lube. — Distinguished from C. Tontanea (Guiana !, Brazil I) by its soft,
spreading down, but perhaps a villous variety’ of the same. Corolla 2'" long. — Hab. Tri-
nidad !, Lockh., Lane, Cr., on rotten trees, in shady woods ; [Mexico !, Guiana !, Brazil !].

Subtribe 5. CINCUONEJE. — Corolla-lobes valvate. Capside 2- celled . — Woody plants;
stipules interpetiolar ; flowers usually corymbose.

15. MACROCNEMUM, P. Br.

Calyx-limb 5 -denticulate. Corolla infundibular: lobes 5, short, pubescent within, valvate
or reduplicate. Stamens included, inserted into the corolla-tubc : filaments villous: anthcri

RUBIACE7E.

323

incumbent. Stigma bilamellar. Capsule oblong, loculicide from the middle upwards and
downwards : valves united at the top : seeds minute, parallel to the placenta, peltate, com-
pressed, margined, tailed at both ends. — Leaves petioled : stipules large, deciduous ; corymbs
in terminal and axillary peduncled panicles .

33. M. jamaicense, L. Glabrous ; leaves large, obovate, nearly as long as the axil-
lary peduncles ; calyx-teeth miuute, distant ; corolla greenish-white : tube clavate : lobes
reduplicate in the bud, ovate-roundish. — Sic. Ohs. t. 3 1. — A shrub, 10'-15' high (Pd.),
or a tree (Macf.) ; leaves 6"-10", corolla-tube 6W, lobes 1?"', capsule 1" long, the latter
tapering at the base; flowers odorous. — Hab. Jamaica !, Bancr., M‘Nab, Al., Pd., in moist
woods along rivers, S. Thomas i. V., S. Marys, and southern districts ; [Guadeloupe].

16. CHIMARRHIS, Jacq.

Calyx-limb truncate. Corolla rotate: segments 5 (-6), oblong, bearded below the middle
within, valvate. Stamens exserted, inserted into the corolla-throat : filaments villous below :
anthers incumbent. Stigma 2-lobed. Capsule small, obovate-roundish, septicide at the top :
valves at length 2-fid : seeds minute, oval-roundish, reticulated, margined, compressed, pa-
rallel to the placenta. — Habit and inflorescence of Macrocnemum, but corymbs more con-
tracted,fasligiale ; stipules deciduous, acuminate.

34. C. cymosa, Jacq. Branchlets angular, at length cylindrical ; leaves obovate-oblong
or elliptical, pointed, tapering into the petiole, glabrous, nearly as long as the long-peduncled
panicles; capsule bluntish at the base. — A large tree, 50'-60' high ; leaves 6"-12" long ;
flowers odorous, whitish-green ; corolla 2"' long. — Hab. Jamaica 1, Macf., Al., Wi/s.,
March, along river-banks; Antigua !, Ponthieu Dominica 1, Imr. ; S. Vincent !, Anders.,
Guild. ; [Cuba ! ; French islands 1] .

Subtribe 6. RONDE LETIEyE. — Corolla-lobes imbricative. Capsule 2 -celled. —

Stipules interpetiolar.

17. COUTAREA, Aubl.

Calyx-limb 6 (5-7) -partite. Corolla infundibular, unequal below: lobes imbricative.'
Stamens exserted, free from the corolla : anthers linear, erect. Style subentire. Capsule
septicide, at length loculicide above : seeds surrounded with a large, entire, oblong, wing. —
Trees or shrubs ; flowers large, ternate-single, terminal.

35. C. speciosa, Aubl. Branchlets glabrous ; leaves ovate or elliptical-oblong, sub-
acute at the base, glabrous above, glabresceut beneath : segments of the calyx-limb subulate-
filiform ; corolla-lobes ovate, pointed, much shorter than the curved, clavate, glabrous tube ;
capsule elliptical, acute at the base. — Aubl. t. 122; Jacq. Amer. Piet. t. 65. — Portlaudia
hexandra, Jacq. — Leaves l"-3" long, variable, pointed or blunt ; corolla pale-rosy : tube
l"-2", lobes about 4'" long ; anthers 6'" long ; capsule subcompressed, usually black, with
white points, 8"'-12"' long.— Hab. Trinidad !, Sieb. Tr. 35, Lockh., Pd., Cr. ; [Yucatan !,
Panama!, New Granada !, Venezuela!, Guiana!, Brazil !].

18. EXOSTEMMA, DC.

Calyx-limb 5 (—4) -partite. Corolla salver-shaped : tube filiform-cylindrical : lobes linear,
slightly imbricative, 2 exterior. Stamens of Coutarea. Style filiform : stigma thickish.
Capsule septicide : valves entire or at length 2-fid : seeds oval, winged. — Woody plants ;
flowers in terminal corymbs or axillary.

An anomalous congener is Catesbcea Vavassorii, Spreng., of Haiti, Sc/tomb. It has a 4-
lobed corolla, minute leaves, and spinescent branchlets.

36. E. floribundum, R. S. Glabrous ; leaves elliptical or oblong ; flowers in a co-
rj m lose panicle : pedicels as long as the cylindrical calyx-tube ; corolla-tube nearly as long
as the lobes; capsule lanceolate-oblong , smooth.— Lamb. Cinch, t. 7; Dc.sc. FI. 1. t. 13.—
Cinchona, Sw. A high tree ; leaves 4"-6", pedicels 4"', corolla-tubc 14'"-6'", capsule 6'"
ong ; flowers pale-red. — Hab. S. Lucia (Sw.), Dominica !, Imr., S. Vincent !, Guild., in
mountain-woods; [Haiti, French islands].

3 24

RUBIACEiE.

37. E. brachycarpum, R. S. Glabrous ; leaves obovate or elliptical ; flowers corym-
bose : pedicels longer than the ovate calyx-tube; corollartube twice as long as the lobes;
“ capsule oval, 10 -costate.” — Lamb. Cinch, t. 8. — Cinchona, Sw. — A low tree ; leaves 3"-6"'
pedicels 3 ! -4s1", calyx-tube 2"1, corolla-tube 2"—Vl, capsule 8"1 long ; flowers pale-red. —
IIab. Jamaica !, Al., in the northern mouutain-woods, Moneague.

38. E. triflorum, G. Don. Glabrous; leaves lanceolate-oblong; flowers corymbose:
pedicels ternate, as long as or the inferior longer than the shortly cylindrical calyx-tube ;
corolla-tube nearly as long as the lobes ; “ capsule obovate."— Cinchona, Wright. — Leaves
3"-2", petioles 4"', pedicels 2"'-3"', corolla-tube 8"' long. — Hab. Jamaica !, March.

39. E. caribseum, R. S. Glabrous ; leaves shortly elliptical or lanceolate-elliptical,
long-petioled, subcomplicate ; pedicels axillary, as long as the cylindrical calyx-tube ; co-
rolla-tube nearly as long as the lobes ; capsule ovoid-oblong , smooth. — Jacq. A mer. Piet. t.
63; Lamb. Cinch, t. 4. — Cinchoua, Jacg. — A fragrant shrub, 10*— 20* high; leaves 2 "
(3 “l1)) petioles 4s", pedicels 8'", corolla-tube 12'"— 16'", capsule 6'"— 8'" long ; flowers rosy-
white. Hab. Jamaica!, Macf., Pd., March, common in dry, stony, calcareous soil along
the coast ; Antigua !, Nichols., Wullschl., Domiuica !, Imr. ; Trinidad !, Sieb. ; [Key West !,
Cuba !, French islands ! ; Mexico 1 to Guiana !].

19. PORTLANDIA, P. Br.

Calyx-limb 5-partite. Corolla infundibular; tube long, tapering towards the narrow
base: lobes plaited-imbricative, one lobe exterior.' Stamens of Coutarea, but included.
Style of Exostemma. Capsule loculicide : seeds compressed, minutely foveolate, not winged.
—Glabrous shrubs ; leaves shortly petioled ; flowers large, single (-3) in the axils, shortly
peduncled.

The peculiar aestivation of the corolla I regard as a modification of the imbricative, not
of the valvate type : this view is confirmed by the affinity of Portlandia with the preceding
genera, proved by the structure and hypogynous insertion of the stamens, and the general
habit. A similar observation may be made on the aestivation of Catesbcea.

The next genus to Portlandia is the Haitian Isidorea (collected by Sir R. Schomburgk),
which is chiefly distinguished by a septicide capsule.

40. P. grandiflora, L. Leaves elliptical or elliptical-oblong, pointed, leathery, shining,
veiny : stipules deltoid or ovate ; segments of the calyx-limb foliaceous, elliptical-lanceolate ,-
corolla whitish, often as long as the leaves : tube gradually tapering : lobes rounded-deltoid ;
anthers -J-i as long as the filaments ; capsule elliptical, 5 -costate. — Br. Jam. t. 11 ; Jacq.
Amer.Pict.t. 64. — 8'-10'high; corolla fragrant, 8"-3" long; anthers 14",-6'", capsule
1" long. — Hab. Jamaica !, Macf, Pd., March, common among rocks ; [S. Thomas],

41. P. gypsophila, Macf. Leaves oblong, pointed, leathery, shining above, arch-
veined : secondary veins inconspicuous : stipules subulate-roundish ; segments of the calyx-
limb linear-acuminate ; corolla as long as the leaves : tube gradually tapering : lobes
rounded-deltoid ; authers half as long as the filaments ; capsule oblong, tapering at the base,
smooth. — Habit of the preceding, and related to P. ptaLmtha, Hook. ; corolla 1"-8", an-
thers 2", capsule 2" long ; corolla-lobes 10"' diatn. — Hajb. Jamaica {Macf.) ; [Cuba!].

42. P. coccinea, Sio. Leaves ovate or elliptical-oblong, pointed, leathery, shining,
veiny : stipules deltoid ; segments of the calyx-limb lanceolate, acuminate ; corolla crimson,
about half as long as the leaves : tube gradually tapering, cylindrical-5-costate at the base :
lobes deltoid ; anthers half as long as the filaments ; capsule elliptical, smooth. — 2'-3' high ;
leaves 5"-3", corolla 2", anthers 8"', capsule 8"'-10"' long ; corolla- lobes 4"' diam. — Hab.
Jamaica !, Pd., Bancr., Al., March, rare, on rocks.

20. HILLIA, Jacq.

Calyx supported by a 2-6-leaved involucel : limb 2 (-4) -partite. Corolla salver-shaped :
tube cylindrical: lobes 6-4 (-7), imbricative. Stamens included : filaments wholly adnate :
anthers oblong, erect, inserted below the corolla-throat. Style filiform : stigma thickish,
2-lainellate. Capsule siliquiforin, septicide : seeds fusiform, with a long, penicillate tail,
not winged. — Glabrous shrubs ; stipules foliaceous, deciduous ; flowers terminal, single,
sessile, white, fragrant.

HUBIACEJE.

325

Tlie character of Hillia must be enlarged, if, a9 would be advisable, Cosmibuena, R. P.,
BentH., is to be reduced to it.

43. H. longiflora, Sic. Leaves elliptical, pointed; corolla-lobes 6 (-7), lanceolate,
bluntish, recurved, as long as the tube, contorted -imbricative ; style as long as the co-
rolla-tube.— Jacq. Amer. Piet. t. 97 ; Sw. Obs. t. 5. f. 1. — H. parasitica, Jacq. — A low
shrub, rooting at the base ; leaves 2"-5", corolla-tube 4"-3", lobes 1"— 2" long, the latter
tapering from the imbricated base ; 2 exterior involucel-leaves oval-oblong, blunt, including
the calyx, 14H,-6'" long. — Hab. .Jamaica!, Bancr., rare, in the higher mountains ; Domi-
nica !, Imr., S. Vincent !, Guild. ; Trinidad !, Cr. ; [Cuba !, French islands ! ; Mexico to New
Granada!].

44. H. tetrandra, Sw. Leaves obovate or spathulate-lanceolate, cuneate at the base,
rounded at the top; corolla-lobes 4, obovate-roundish, one-third or one-fouith as long as the
tube, 2 exterior ; style half as long as the corolla-tube. — 3'-4' high : roots bearing small
tubers; leaves 2"-lJ", corolla-tube 1 i"— 1", lobes 8"'-4'", linear-capsule 2"-3" long ; seeds
1'", their hair-tuft 6"' long. — Hab. Jamaica !, Mac/., Wils., common on the higher moun-
tains, among rocks and tree-roots; [Cuba !].

21. WARSZEWICZTA, Kl.

Calyx-limb 5-lobed : one lobe in the corymb transformed into a petioled, large, coloured
leaf. Corolla small, infundibular : lobes 5, imbricative. Stamens exserted, inserted into
the corolla-throat : anthers incumbent. Stigma 2-lobed. Capsule septicide : seeds fusi-
form, not winged. — Large-leaved trees ; corymbs contracted, arranged in a long, nodding,
racemiform panicle.

45. W. coccinea, Kl. (ex syn'.). Leaves obovate-oblong, pointed, hispidulous chiefly
on the nerves beneath ; transformed calyx-lobes oval, blunt at the top, shortly taperiug at
the base, reticulated, scarlet, as long as their petioles. — Va/il, Symb. 2. t. 29. — Macrocnemura,
V Calycophyllum, PC. W. Schomburglriana, Kl. — Leaves l'-lj' long, 6" broad ; trans-
formed calyx-lobes 3" long, l/1-!/1 broad.— Hab. Trinidad !, Lockh., Sieb. Tr. 37 ;
[Mexico! to equatorial Brazil ! and Peru!]. a

22. ARACHNOTIIRIX, Planck.

Calyx-limb 4-partite. Corolla salver-shaped, devoid of an annular production at the
throat : lobes 4, roundish, imbricative. Stamens included, inserted into the corolla-tube :
anthers subsessile. Stigma 2(-3)-fid. Capsule septicide: valves at length often 2-fid:
seeds minute, wingless. — Shrubs: the younger parts bearing an arachnoid down; cymes
terminal : flowers serial on the inner side of their branches.

The septicide capsule is the chief character of this genus, in contradistinction to Ronde-
letia : hence R. leucophylla, Kth., is to be excluded, while R. el-ongata, Bartl. !, is an
A rachnothrix .

40. A. hispidulus, Gr. ( n . sp.). Leaves elliptical, pointed, araclmoid-puberulous and
glabrale above, hispidulous on the nerves and veins beneath : stipules subulate-lanceolate, as
long as the petioles ; peduncles of the cyme single, as long as the leaves ; calyx-lobes un-
equal, lanceolate, the longest thrice exceeded by the slender, villous corolla-tube ; style in-
cluded. Nearly allied to A. elongata,V\., which has the leaves arachnoid-villous beneath,
and the style exserted. Leaves long, V1 broad; corolla-tube glabrous within, twice as
long as the linear anthers, O'", lobes 1'" long ; stigma-lobes lanceolate.— Hab. Trinidad !,
Cr., at Maraccas waterfall.

23. RONDELETIA, L.

(Petcsia, P. Br. Stevensia, Poil.)

Corolla salver-shaped, rarely rotate, produced into a callous
• f | i - , ’ °ii 3, r®u#tl^ls^, imbricative. Stamens included, rarely 9emiexserted,

, 0 c c°' o a-tnbe. Stigma 2-fid or emarginate. Capsule loculicide, subglobose :

valve* often at length 2-fid : seeds minute.— Shrubs, rarely trees ; flowers in paniculate, or

326

RUBIACE2E.

simple cymes or in clusters, rarely single : the ultimate cyme-branches often %-Jlowercd :
calyx usually bracteolate at the base.

I formerly employed the name Petesia in De Candolle’s sense, but since Asa Gray has
proved that Bartling’s East Indian Petesia belong to Timonius (as I find confirmed by
original specimens), it is perhaps more advisable to substitute for the remaining P. grandis,
Bartl., the later name Sommera, and to restore Petesia, P. Br., as a peculiar section of
Rondeletia.

Sect. 1. Petesia, P. Br. — Segments of the calyx-limb minute, dentiform , 5 (-4), much

shorter than the tube. Inflorescence usually paniculate, axillary : flowers pedicellate.

47- R. laurifolia, Sw. ! Leaves elliptical-oblong, pointed, glabrous ; stipules subulate-
deltoid, villous within ; cymes in axillary, hoary-pubescent, racemiform panicles; calyx-teeth
deltoid; corolla externally tomentose, subrotate: tube ob conical, subventricose, as long as
the lobes, which are tomentose within down to the obsolete ring ; anthers ovoid-oblong,
semiexserted, as long as the filaments; seeds surrounded by a broad wing. — Br. Jam. t. 2.
/. 2— R. lievigata, Ail. ? {non DC.). Leaves 3"-5" long, l|"-2" broad : petiole 6"'-4'"
long ; corolla fragrant, brownish-yellow : tube 1"' long, twice as long as the minute calyx-
limb. In all the following species the anthers are included, oblong-linear, with very short
filaments. — Hab. Jamaica!, Sw., Pd., M'Nab, Al., March, in the mountains of S. Marys,
S. Anns, Manchester.

48. R. racemosa, Sw. ! Leaves elliptical-oblong, pointed, glabrous : stipules deltoid,
villous within ; cymes in axillary, glabrous, racemiform, peduncled panicles ; calyx-teeth
deltoid ; corolla externally strigose, salver-shaped : tube shortly clavate, twice as long as the
lobes, which are pubescent within down to the prominulous ring; anthers oblong-linear, in-
cluded, much longer than the short filaments ; seeds . . . . — Br. Jam. t. 2. f. 3. — Swartz
has taken the placentas for the seeds, and neglected to separate the contiguous, oblong-linear
stigma-lobes. 5' high; leaves 3" long, li"-2" broad: petiole 10"'-6'" long; corolla-
tube H'" long, twice as long as the anthers.— Hab. Jamaica!, Sw., near Mammee river
{P. Br.).

49. R. thyrsoidea, Sw. ! Leaves ovate or elliptical, pointed, glabrous above, puberu-

lous icith scattered minute down beneath : stipules deltoid-subulate, strigose within ; cymes
in axillary, hoary-pubescent, pyramidal panicles ; calyx-teeth deltoid ; corolla externally pu-
bescent, salver-shaped : tube clavate, thrice as long as the lobes, which are pubescent on both
sides ; anthers oblong-linear, included, much longer than the short filaments ; seeds mar-
gined, with a short appendage at each end.— 6' high ; leaves G"-3" long, 3"-l£" broad :
petiole 12,"-6"' long ; panicles usually much longer than the petiole; corolla rusty-yellow-
ish : tube long. — Hab. Jamaica !, Sw., Al., March, on arid hills, S. Marys.

50. R. tomentosa, Sw. Leaves lanceolate-elliptical or elliptical, pointed al both ends,
puberulous and at length glabrate above, hoary-pubescent beneath : stipules deltoid-subulate,
strigose; cymes in axillary, hoary-pubescent, short panicles; calyx-teeth deltoid; corolla
externally pubescent, salver-shaped : tube filiform, clavate at the top, 4 times as long as the
lobes, which are pubescent on both sides ; anthers oblong-linear, included, one-fourth as long
as the corolla-tube , seeds margined, with a short appendage at each end. — Petesia stipularis,
L. ? (exclus. syn.P. Br.). — 3' high; leaves 3"-li' long, lf'-i" broad: petiole 12"'-6'"
long, often not exceeded by the panicle ; corolla brownish : tube 2J"' long ; seeds oo, as in
the other species.— Hab. Jamaica 1, in rocky hills, S. Katherine, S. Andrews.

51. R. trifoliata, Jacq. Leaves lanceolate-oblong, acuminate at both ends, glabrous
above, glabrescent or hispidulous on the midrib beneath, 3-2 in the whorl : veins prominu-
lous beneath : stipules deltoid-subulate, pubescent ; cymes in axillary, hoary-pubescent, ra-
cemiform, peduncled panicles ; calyx-teeth deltoid ; corolla externally pubescent, salver-
shaped : tube filiform, clavate above, thrice as long as the lobes, which are pubescent on
both sides ; anthers oblong-linear, included, one-third as long as the corolla-tube ; seeds sur-
rounded by a wing. — Jacq. Amer. Piet. t. 62. — 12' high; leaves S"-4" long, lO'" — 14,,/
broad: petiole 4'"-G'" long ; corolla reddish: tube 2'" long. — IIab. Jamaica !, Macf, S.
Katherine.

52. R. polita, Gr. (n. sp.). Leaves opposite, clliptical-oblong, or lanceolate-oblong,
bluntish, tapering at the base, quite glabrous, polished on both sides : veins delicate.

RUBIACEiE.

327

scarcely promiuulous beneath : stipules subulate, broader than long, pubescent within ; cymes
in short, corymbiforin, puberulous, axillary panicles ; calyx-teeth deltoid ; corolla externally
pubescent, salver-shaped : tube clavate, thrice as long as the lobes, which are pubescent on
both sides ; anthers oblong-linear, included, twice as long as the filaments, \ as long as the
corolla-tube; seeds.... — Leaves 4 "-3" long, 18"'-10'" broad: petiole 10'"-4'" long;
corolla-tube 2'" long ; capsule glabrescent : valves chartaceous, 2-partite. — Hab. Jamaica!,
Pd., Al., near S. Ann’s Bay.

53. R. daphnoides, Gr. (n. sp). Leaves obovate or elliptical-oblong, pointed at both

ends, shortly petioled, quite glabrous, polished on both sides : veins delicate, scarcely promi-
nulous beneath : stipules subulate, broader than long, hairy within ; cymes once or twice
3-partite-corymbiform, axillary, glabrous : pedicels slender, at length longer than the calyx ;
calyx-teeth deltoid-subulate ; corolla externally glabrous, salver-shaped : tube filiform ; cla-
vate above, 4 times as long as the lobes, which are puberulous within ; anthers 5-4, oblong-
linear, included, twice as long as the filaments, i as long as the corolla-tube ; seeds minute,
pointed, with an appendage at both ends. — Leaves 2"-l" long, broad: petiole 3’"—

2'" long ; pedicels 2'", calyx ft", corolla-tube 3"' long ; anthers affixed to the filaments above
the base ; style shortly 2-fid, !£"' long ; capsule of the preceding, 2'" diam.- — Hab. Jamaica !,
At., S. Anns, in the pleasant valley between Moneague and Luidas Vale.

54. R. stereocarpa, Gr. (». sp.). Leaves large, lanceolate-oblong, pointed, tapering
at the base, quite glabrous : stipules deltoid, strigose within ; cymes in axillary, peduncled,
racemiform or pyramidal, lioary-puberulous panicles : special peduncle-pairs distant ; calyx-
teeth deltoid ; corolla externally hoary-strigose, salver-shaped : tube clavate, twice as long
as the lobes, which are puberulous within, hoary-strigose beneath ; anthers oblong-linear,
subsessile, included, f as long as the corolla-tube ; capsule hard : valves entire : seeds sur-
rounded by a dentate wing. — A shrub, or small tree; leaves 8"-5" long, 2\"-2" broad,
black in drying, twice as long as the panicles : petiole 14'"-8"' long ; corolla-tube 21" long ;
capsule hoary-puberulous, with 4 longitudinal furrows, 3"' diam. — Hab. Dominica !, Imr.,
in the mountains.

Sect. 2. Eurondeletia. — Segments of the calyx-limb narrow, as long as or longer than

the tube. Corolla salver-shaped. — Inflorescence usually axillary, corymbiform, with the

peduncle 3-fid at the summit : flowers pedicellate.

55. R. arborescens, Gr. (n. sp.). Leaves obovate-oblong, with a bluntish point, acute
at the base, glabrous, or hairy beneath on the midrib, which is dilated towards the base :
stipules deltoid, strigose within ; cymes in axillary, pubescent, short panicles, much exceeded
by the leaves : peduncle twice as long as the petiole ; calyx-lobes lanceolate-linear, as long
as the tube, half as long as the clavate, externally pubescent corolla-tube ; anthers 5, oblong-
linear, much longer than the short filaments, about half as long as the corolla-tube ; seeds
oval, entire. — A tree (Imr.) ; leaves 5"-3" long, 2i"-ll" broad : midrib prominent beneath,
1'" broad at the base : petiole 3"'-6'" long ; corolla-tube 2'" long ; capsule with 2 longitu-
dinal furrows, 1 f" diam. — Hab. Dominica 1, Imr., in the mountains.

56. R. americana, L. Leaves lanceolate-oblong, pointed, acuminate at the base, gla-
brous, hispidulous on the nerves beneath : stipules subulate, hairy within ; cymes axillary,
corymbiform, long-ped uncled, pubescent : peduncle exceeding the leaves, ascending : alar
flowers subsessile ; calyx-lobes linear, bluntish, as long as the tube ; corolla-tube externally
pubescent, filiforig, clavate above, 4 times as long as the calyx-lobes ; anthers 5, oblong-
linear, subsessile, inserted into the middle of the corolla-tube and 4 times exceeded by it in
length ; seeds deltoid, wingless. — Plum. Ed. Burm. t. 242. f. 1 ; Lam. III. t. 162. f. 1. —
Distinguished from all others by the different length of the lateral and central pedicels, well
described by Linnajus. — Leaves 2" long, 10,"-12m broad: petiole 2'" long; corolla-tube
4"' long; capsule li"' diam. — Hab. Jamaica!, Mac/.; S. Vincent!, Guild., Anders.;
[Cuba].

57. R. hirsuta, Sw. Leaves elliptical or elliptical-oblong, cuspidate, rounded or blunt
at the base, hispululous on both sides with scattered down : stipules deltoid-lanceolate,
shaggy-pilose ; cymes axillary, corymbiform., long-peduncled, shaggy-pilose : peduncles as
long as the leaves, nodding ; calyx-lobes lanceolate-linear, twice as long as the tube, re-
sembling the bracteolcs ; corolla-tube externally hairy with spreading down, subcylindrical.

328

RUBIACEiE.

at length twice as long as the calyx-lobes ; anthers 5, oblong-linear, included, subsessile, in-
serted into the middle of the corolla-tube, 4 times exceeded by it in length ; seeds oval, sur-
rounded by a narrow wing, which is broader at both ends. — It. hirta, var. Aitonii, DC. —
A shrub ; leaves 2"-5" long, l"-2" broad : petiole 2"'-3'" long ; corolla-tube 3"'-4'" long .
lobes glabrescent within ; capsule 2J"' diam.— IIab. Jamaica I, Pd., Al., March, along rocky
river-beds, in tbe mountains. Port Royal, S. Thomas T. E. ; S. Vincent 1, Anders.

58. R. pilosa, Sw. Leaves oblong, pointed, bluntish at the base, pilose above, hoary-

villous beneath .- primary veins impressed above, prominent beneath : stipules subulate,
villous ; peduncles axillary, as long as the leaves, S -/lowered, villous ; calyx-lobes linear, 4
times as long as tube, resembling the bracteoles ; corolla-tube externally pubescent, subcylin-
drical, equalling the calyx-lobes ; anthers 4, included, subsessile, oblong-linear, inserted into
the middle of the corolla-tube, thrice exceeded by it in length ; seeds trigonal, wingless. —
Vahl, Symb. 3. t. 54. — A shrub, leafy at its extremities; leaves long,

broad: petiole 1"' long ; corolla-tube 3"' long ; capsule 2'" diam. — IIab. Montserrat {Sw.),
Grenada!, Oerst. ; [Portorico !, S. Thomas !, S. Croix, Martinique],

59. R. buxifolia, V. Leaves spathulate, bluntish, glabrescent, hairy on the midrib
and margin : stipules deltoid and terminated with a long mucro, strigose ; peduncles in the
uppermost axils, nearly as long as the leaves, '& flowered, pubescent : pedicles of equal
length, shorter than the calyx and exceeded by tbe bracts ; calyx-lobes linear, twice-thrice
as long as the tube ; corolla-tube externally pubescent, filiform, clavate at the top, 3-4
times as long as the calyx-lobes ; anthers 4-5, included, oblong-linear, inserted into the
upper fourth of the corolla-tube, 5 times exceeded by it in length ; seeds compressed, sur-
rounded by a wing. — Vahl, Eclog. 2. t. 12. — R. umbellulata, Sw. (ex descr.) : a move hairy
form. — Leaves 14",-8'" long, 6"'-3m broad : petiole V"-§'" long; corolla-tube S^^'Hong ;
capsule 2'" diam. — Hab. Montserrat (V.) ; Jamaica (ex syn. Su>.), along rocky river-beds ;
[Cuba!, Portorico].

it. Icevigata, DC. (Sieb. Tr. 374), is unknown to me : from its diagnosis it approaches
it. arborescens, but its leaves are said to be oblong or elliptical, acuminate at both ends. —
it. odorata, Jacq. (Amer. Piet. t. 61), is a peculiar- species, occurring in our Cuba collections,
distinguished from the other Eurondeletiee by having terminal corymbiform cymes.

Sect. 3. Stevensia, Poit. — Segments of the calyx-limb ovate or lanceolate , as long as or

longer than the tube. — Peduncles axillary, terminated by a cluster of sessile flowers,

which is supported by an involucel, rarely 1-flowered.

it. Poitaei, Gr, (Stevensia buxifolia, Poit. 1) of Haiti! and Cuba! (Wr. Cub. 1266), is a
true congener, having a loculicide capsule, distinguished from the following species (of which
the fruit however is still unknown) by shorter l(-3)-flowered peduncles. The increased
number of flower-parts described by Poiteau is a monstrosity : the regular number is 4 or 5.

60. R. hirta, Sw. Shaggy-pilose above ; leaves chartaceous, ovate or elliptical, shortly
acuminate, rounded or bluntish at the base, pilose above with long, scattered hairs, or at
length glabrate, shaggy-pilose, chiefly on the nerves beneath .- stipules deltoid-subulate,
woolly ; flowers clustered : peduncles 3-fid or simple, as long as or exceeded by the leaves :
involucral leaves lanceolate, distinct, resembling the calyx-lobes, which are lanceolate, acu-
minate, much longer than the tube ; corolla-tube filiform, clavate above, externally shaggy-
pilose, glabrous within, twice as long as the calyx-lobes ; anthers 5, oblong-linear, included,
inserted below the corolla-throat, 6 times exceeded by it in length. — R. umbellulata, Macf. !
(non Sw.). Confounded by DC. with R. hirsuta, Sw., which has pedicellate flowers, and
twice shorter, somewhat stiffer hairs on the leaves, the ambiguous term “ hirtus ” having
been employed by Swartz in the sense of “hairy with long weak hairs,” while the usual
meaning of “ hirsuta ” gives no idea of his R. hirsuta. Leaves 5"-3" long, 3"-l s" broad :
petiole 6w-4'" long ; peduncles shaggy, stiff or lax, 4"-li", divisions 6'" long ; corolla-
tube 4'" long. — TIab. Jamaica !, Mac/'., Wils., among mountain-shrubs.

61. R. incana, Sw. Shaggy-woolly above; leaves rigid-leathery, oval-oblong, blunt,
hairy on the upper side with long, decumbent, weak down, at length shining-glabrate, with
the veins and midrib deeply impressed, on the under side hoary with branched wool-hairs :
stipules oblong, pointed, deciduous ; clusters 3-flowered : peduncle simple, twice as long as
the petiole: involucral leaves distinct, ovate, pointed; calyx-lobes ovate-lanceolate, shaggy-

RUBIACEJ2.

329

woolly, much longer than the tube ; corolla-tube clavate, as long as the calyx-lobes, exter-
nally shaggy, with the lobes pubescent within ; stamens 5, inserted into the middle of the
corolla-tnbc. — 2'-3' high ; leaves 2" long, 10"'-12'" broad ; petiole 3"'-6"', corolla-tube 4'"
long. — Hab. Jamaica !, Pd., ou calcareous rocks, S. Anns, near Light Hole.

62. R. cincta, Gr. (n. sp.). Subsericeous above ; leaves rigid-leathery , lanceolate-ob-
long or oblong, shortly pointleted, acute at the base, subpub escent on both sides with short,
scattered, simple down, at length glabrescent, shaggy-pubescent on the midrib beneath : sti-
pules oblong, pointed, deciduous ; clusters shortly peduncled : peduncle simple, as long as
the petiole : involucral scales several, distinct, subulate; calyx-lobes 5, oblong-lanceolate,
puberulous ; corolla externally hoary-pubescent. — Nearly allied to It. incana and glauca, but
the flowers are too young to admit of a an accurate comparison. A shrub ; leaves 2"-3"
long, 15"'-10"' broad: petiole 6"'-3"' long; bracts 4'", calyx -lobes 2"' long.- -Hab. Ja-
maica!, Pd., Westmoreland, on the summit of Dolphin Peak.

63. R. glauca, Gr. (n. sp.). Subsericeous above; leaves rigid-leathery, spathulate-
oblong, bluntish with a minute point, tapering at the base, puberulous with minute, scat-
tered, accumbent hairs, at length glabrate above : stipules ovate-oblong, pointed, deciduous;
clusters subsessile, equalling the petiole : involucral leaves 4, united at the base : segments
ovate ; calyx-lobes ovate, pointed, much longer than the tube, a little or twice exceeded by
the corolla; corolla-tube cylindrical, externally shaggy-pubescent with accumbent down :
lobes puberulous on both sides ; stamens 5, inserted into the uppermost third of the corolla-
tube, thrice exceeded by it in length. — A shrub, or small tree ; leaves glaucous in drying,
not shining, 3"-2" long, H"-l" broad : petiole 3"'-4"' long ; calyx as long as the involucel ;
corolla-tube 3"'-4'" long : throat-ring prominulous : 'lobes roundish. — Hab. Jamaica !, Pd.,
in rocky woods, S. Anns, in Pedro Valley.

24. SIPANEA, Aubl.

Calyx-limb 5-partite. Corolla salver-shaped, crowned with cut scales at the throat : lobes
5, contorted-imbricative. Stamens included, inserted below the corolla-throat. Stigma 2-
fid. Capsule loculicide : seeds minute, wingless. — Annual herbs ; flowers in terminal cymes,
or single. ’

64. S. pratensis, Aubl. Leaves lanceolate or elliptical-lanceolate, pubescent with ac-
cumbent down ; cyme dichotomous : flowers sessile, serial or approximate on the branches ;
corolla-tube filiform, dilated at the staminiferous top, about twice as long as the lanceolate-
linear segments of the calyx-limb. — A ubl. t. 56.— S. dichotoma, Kth. S. trichautha, Benth '
Corolla rosy : tube 5"'-60', lobes 2"'-3'" long.— Hab. Dominica !, Imr. ,- Trinidad ! Cr. in
savannahs : [Guiana !, equat. Brazil 1],

25. MANETTIA, L.

Calyx-limb 4-5-partite, often with as many accessory teeth or segments. Corolla salver-
shaped : lobes 4-5, nnbncative. Stamens usually half-exserted, inserted near the corolla-
throat. Stigma 2-fid. Capsule contracted at the commissure, septicide : seeds winged.—
Suffruticose, or shrubby climbers ; flowers in axillary corymbiform cymes, or single.

65\ ,**• Leaves ovate, pointed, rigid, reticulated-veiny, puberulous on

the midrib beneath: stipules shortly subulate ; cymes few-flowered; calyx-lobes 4, lanceo-
late-linear, alternating with 4 minute teeth; corolla-tube subcylindrical, with scattered
airs within ; anthers oblong-linear, half-exserted : filaments short ; seeds surrounded with a

inXTbbm 3 / 2-TPetL;sia> L-> LySi8tllm axillare, Z™. -Corolla

mdigo-blue 6 long: capsule the same colour (Wits.), but septicide and dry —Hab Ja-

onTalherfn; Pc2f ’[Haiti^" ^ lligh 80Uthern moUatains' at 5000' alt.

M'i coccinea> Ur- Glabrous ; leaves ovate, acuminate, shortly tapering at the
Suced to soKUl« 8tipUrS ?ubtru"cat?> denticulate ; cymes few-flowered exserted, or
subcylindrical hairv rlK Petllccl3 ; ca/y^- 8, subequal, lanceolate-linear ; corolla-tube
suSlTt •1“’ bea;d,c?at thc throat ; anthers 4, linear, half-exserted; seeds

surrounded by a cut wing .-Aubl, t. 37./. 1; Bot. Reg. t. 693,-Nncibea, Auk, sec.

330

EUBIACEiE.

Lindl. (who compared Aublet’s specimen). M. cuspidata, Berter., Seem. ! M. havanensis,
Kth. — Corolla pale-crimson, 6'" long. — Hab. Jamaica !, Pd., rare, Manchester; S. Vincent!,
Guild. ; Trinidad !, Lochh., Cr., in ravines and on hills ; [Cuba 1 and Mexico ! to Venezuela 1
and Guiana].

67. M. calycosa, Gr. ( n . sp.). Stem hispidulous on the angles, glabrescent ; leaves ovate,
acuminate, chartaceous, glabrous, or hispidulous on the midrib beneath : stipules deltoid, den-
ticulate ; cymes many- or few-flowered, subsessile : pedicels exceeding the petiole, or at length
elongated ; calyx-lobes 4-5, ovate or ovate-lanceolate, pointed, devoid of alternating teeth;
corolla-tube cylindrical, clavate at the top, somewhat hairy within and on the outside : lobes
ovate, pointed; anthers oblong-linear, included; seeds surrounded by a broad, denticulate
wing’ — M. Gcertneri, DC. (G. carpol. t. 197. f. 5), seems to be a related species, but has
narrow calyx-lobes. Leaves of the preceding ; calyx-lobes 2"'-3"' long, spreading, usually
2'" broad at the base; corolla red, 8'" long.— Hab. Dominical, bar., in the mountains : a
form with ovate-lanceolate calyx-lobes ; [Haiti!, Venezuela!, Fendl. 588].

26. RHACHICALLIS, DC.

Calyx-limb 4-partite, often with accessory teeth between the segments. Corolla salver-
shaped : lobes 4, imbricative. Stamens included, inserted below the corolla-throat. Stigma
2-fid. Capsule loculicide : seeds wingless.— Low, diffuse, narrow-leaved shrubs; leaves
fleshy, furrowed on the back: stipules sheathing ; flowers solitary, sessile.

68 R. rupestris, DC. Leaves approximate-decussate, surrounded at the base by the
stipular sheath, oblong, pointed, shining : stipules broadly deltoid, mucronate, ciliate ; flowers
axillary ; calyx-segments linear, alternating with as many teeth ; corolla villous. SI. t. 202.
f 1 ■ Jacq Amer. Bid. t. 18. — Hedyotis americana, Jacq. H. rupestris, Sw. Buchnera,
Sw.— V-3' high : branchlets thickened: leaves 2"'-4w long : stipules brown, marcescent ;
corolla yellow, 3"' long. — Hab. Bahamas!, Swains., on maritime rocks; Jamaica!, Pd.,
along the coast of S. Anns; [Cuba!, Neveza; Bermudas (>S:e.)].

Subtuibe 7. IIEDYOTEJE.— Corolla-lobes valvate. Fruit dry, ^-celled— Stipules con-
necting the petioles, usually divided into bristles. Stem herbaceous.

27. OLDENLANDIA, L.

Calyx-teeth 4, distant on the fruit. Corolla short, infundibular or rotate : lobes valvate.
Stamens inserted into or near the corolla-throat (or diceciously near the coroUa-base). Capsule
thin, loculicide at the top ; seeds minute, angular, not hollowed.— Peduncles usually filiform,
axillary.

69. O. corymbosa, L. Anuual, glabrous or glabrescent; stem slender, branched;
leaves lanceolate or linear, 1-nerved, tapering into the sheath : stipular bristles about 3 ; pe-
dicels 5-2 filiform, umbellate or corymbose, usually shorter than the peduncle, or fascicled
(if the peduncle is wanting) ; corolla-lobes as long as the tube ,• anthers ovoid; capsule trun-
cate subglobose : teeth lanceolate, "acuminate.— Dew. FI. 1. 1. 50 ( exclus . radice).— Hedyotis
Burmanniana, Br. : the East Indian form with 3-1-flowered peduncles.-Leaves 1 , corolla
1"' seeds lone ; flowers white.— Hab. Jamaica I, Al, a weed in cane-fields ; b. Kitts 1,
FIs., Dominica !, bar., S. Vincent !, Guild. ; Trinidad ! ; [Martinique !, Sieb. Mt. 46 ;
Guiana ! to Brazil ! ; trop. Africa ! ; East Indies !].

70. O. herbacea, DC. Annual, glabrous ; stem slender, flaccid ; leaves lanceolate or

linear-lanceolate, acuminate, 1-nerved : stipular bristles several, or reduced ; pedicds subso-
litary filiform, usually exceeded by the leaves; corolla-lobes half as long as the tube, an-
thers’ovoid ; capsule globose, contracted at the commissure : teeth lanceolate, acuminate.
Rheed Mai. t. 35.— O. tenuifolia, Forst.l Hedyotis Heynn, Br.-- Leaves 1 2 lougjonger

and broader in the West Indian than in the common East Indian fonn ; pedicels 8 long.
My West Indian specimens have lost their corolla —Hab Trinidad \ Pd., Cr., along rivu-
lets ; [Haiti !, Portorico 1 ; Mexico I to Brazil 1 ; Pacific islands I ; East Indies I],

RUBTACEtE.

331

28. LUCYA, DC.

Calyx-limb with 4 (-5) principal and as many secondary segments. Corolla rotate :
lobes 4, valvale. Stamens of Oldenlandia. Capsule thin, loculicide at the summit : seeds
peltate, hollowed on their inner face. — A small, filiform, diffuse or cicspitose herb ; flowers
white, solitary, shortly pedunc/ed in the superior axils.

The seeds are those of Houstonia, from which Lucya is distinguished by the accessory
calyx-teeth and the short corolla-tube.

71. Ij. tuberosa, DC. — Sw. Obs. t. 1. f. 2 : good. Jacq. Amer. Piet. t. 103 : corolla
wrong. — Peplis tetrandra, L. Hedyotis tuberosa, Sw.—k. few inches high, perennial by
small ovoid tubers on the root-branches, hairy by scattered down, or glabrescent ; leaves
petioled, membranaceous, ovate-roundish, or elliptical 2"'-6'" long ; calyx pilose : segments
i'" long, nearly as long as the corolla-tube. — II a b. Jamaica (P. Br.), on rocks and among
mosses, in dry woods ; [Cuba !, Haiti].

Subtribe 8. SPIGELIE/E. — Corolla-lobes valvate. Fruit dry, superior, 2 -celled. —
Stipules connecting the petioles, simple ; stem herbaceous.

29. MITREOLA, L.

Calyx 5-partite : tube adhering to the base of the ovary. Corolla infundibular; lobes 5,
valvate. Styles 2, united above, at length separating. Capsule free above the calyx-tube,
2-horned : lobes dehiscent along the ventral suture : seeds minute, scrobiculate. — Flowers
white, unilateral, in terminal scorpioid cymes.

72. M. petiolata, Torr., Gray. Annual, glabrous ; leaves membranaceous, ovate-ob-
long or ovate-lanceolate, petioled ; flowers subsessile, subcontiguous on the cyme-branches ;
capsule obversely deltoid or ovate : lobes erect, diverging at the base. — Petioles of variable
length ; capsule 2"' long, 2-lobed to the middle. The East Indian M. oldenlandioides,
Wall. (Hook. Ic. t. 827) is scarcely distinct. — Hab. Jamaica!, Pd., Al., in pastures and
morasses, S. Marys, Hanover; [Haiti! to Martinique; Texas! to Venezuela!].

73. M. paniculata, A. DC. ( non Wall.). Annual, glabrous; leaves membranaceous,
elliptical-oblong, pointed, petioled; flowers subsessile, distant on the cyme-branches ; capsule
small, lunate-globose : lobes incurved, bluntish. — Hook. Ic. t. 828.- — M. petiolata, Benih.
ex parte. — Capsules 1"' diam., 2"' distant from each other. — Hab. Trinidad!, Cr., Pd., in
waste places, S. Anns; [Goyaz !].

30. SPIGELIA, I.

Calyx 5 -partite. Corolla infundibular, lobes 5, valvate. Style simple, jointed near the
middle. Capsule free, at length separating from the indurated disk, didymous .- carpids
dehiscent along the dorsal line. — Flowers in unilateral, scorpioid spikes or racemes.

74. S. anthelmia, L. Annual, glabrous ; leaves ovate-lanceolate : pairs distant, 2
uppermost approximate; spikes in the uppermost axils: flowers many, distant; capsule
muricate, exceeding the calyx.— -Br. Jam. t. 37./. 3 ; Puss. FI. 4. t. 8 ; Desc. FI. 1. t. Gl.
—Corolla purplish. Hab. Jamaica !, Dist., M‘Nab, March, Wils., a weed, and cultivated ;
Dominica 1, Imr., S. Vincent !, Guild.; Trinidad!, Cr. ; [Cuba! to Brazil!].

Tribe II. COFFEACEJE. — Ovary-cells \-ovulate.

Subtribe 1. GTJETTARDE/E. — Ovules pendulous. Seeds exalbuminous, mostly cylin-
drical, operculate with the enlarged funiculus : radicle long, with short cotyledons.
I encarp drupaceous. Corolla-lobes mostly imbricalive. — Inflorescence usually axillary.

31. GUETTARDA, Vent.

Calyx-limb truncate or obsoletely denticulate, at length deciduous. Corolla salver-shaped,
cx era ay pubescent: lobes 6-4 (-9), imbricative. Anthers linear, subsessile below the
corolla-throat, wholly included, rnrely subiueludcd. Stigma enpitate. Drupe 0-3 (-9).

33 a

RUBIACETE.

celled : endoearp large, with the cells distant from the surface, and as narrow as the seed. —
Woody plants ; stipules mostly deciduous ; peduncles axillary, 2-Jid, rarely simple and few-
flowered at the lop : flowers sessile on the inner side of their spiciform or contracted
branches, one behoeen them.

Sect. 1. Glettaedaiua, DC. — Drupe smooth, globose or ovoid : cells straight. Calyx-
limb tubular, subentire or lacerate at the top.

* Corolla-tube cylindrical. — Trees.

75. G. longiflora, Gr. (». sp.). Leaves large, ovate, cordate or hluntish at the base,
glabrescent, or glabrate between the veins beneath, nmricate or hispidulous on the veins, re-
pand : quaternary veins approximate-reticulated : stipules ovate-lanceolate, with the pe-
tioles aud peduncles pubescent ; peduncles exceeding the petiole : flowers approximate on their
short branches : bracts lanceolate-linear, exceeded by the truncate calyx-limb ; corolla-tube
cylindrical (1-1-" long), slightly curved, 8-10 times as long as the calyx, tomentose : lobes 5-6,
hairy within ; recurved point of the anthers exserted. — Allied to G. macrantha, Benth., in
which the corolla is still longer and the minute network in the leaves is wanting. The
drupe is still uuknown. — Leaves 8W— 5" long, b"-3" broad: petiole 2"-l" long; calyx 2"
long. — Hab. Jamaica !, March; [Cuba!].

76. G. argentea, Lam. Leaves cordate or subcordate, glabrous above, silvery-serice-
ous, or at length glabrate beneath : quaternary veins inconspicuous : stipules deltoid-subu-
late; peduncles sericeous, exceeding half the leaf: flowers approximate, 4-8 on their short
2-fid branches, ebracteate ; calyx-limb lacerate-repand at the top; corolla-tube cylindrical,
(8"'-14"' long), often curved, 4-6 times as long as the calyx, tomentose : lobes 6, pubescent
within ; anthers wholly included ; drupe globose, tomentose, veiny, 3-6-seeded. Br. Jam.
t. 20./. 1; Lam. III. t. 154, fig. sin. sup.—G. ambigua, DC— A tree, 30'-40' high;
leaves 3"-6" long, 2"-4" broad : transverse secondary veins not prominulous beneath; calyx
2V" long; drupe 3'" diam.— Hab. Jamaica!, Macf, At., Wits., March, common in the
eastern districts; [Guadeloupe, Guiana].

77. G. scabra, Lam. Leaves elliptical or oblong-elliptical, crenulate-repand, mucro-
nate, subcordate at the base, scabrous, at length rugose above, tomentose beneath : pri-
mary and secondary veins prominent beneath, quaternary inconspicuous: stipules subu-
late ; peduncles tomentose, often as long as the leaves : branches contracted ; bracts lanceo-
late, exceeded by the lacerate-repand calyx-limb ; corolla-tube cylindrical (5"'-12'" long),
slightly curved, 3-4 times as long as the calyx, villous-tomentose : lobes 6-5 (—7), puberu-
lous ; drupe globose, puberulous, slightly rugulose, 3-6-seeded. — Lam. III. t. 154, fig. sin.
inf. ■ Vent. Choir, t. 1.— Matthiola, L. G. rugosa, Sw. G. viburnoides, Cham.— A small
tree ; leaves 5<'-2" long, 3"-l" broad : petiole of variable length ; calyx 2"'-3 long ;
corolla white ; drupe 3"' diam. — Hab. Bahamas!, Swains.; Jamaica !, Macf., Wils., Pd.,
Manchester, at 3000' alt. ; Antigua!, Wullschl., Dominica!, Imr., S. Vincent!; [Cuba!,
French islands !, Sieb., Mart. 58 ; Yucatan !, Brazil!].

78. G. elliptica, Sw.! Leaves elliptical, elliptical-roundish, or elliptical-lanceolate,
hispidulous and glabrate above, pubescent with serial hairs along the veinlets beneath :
quaternary veins inconspicuous : stipules lanceolate, aciuninate ; peduncles pubescent, ex-
ceeded by the leaf: branches contracted, few-flowered: bracts lanceolate, exceeded by the
repand or lacerate calyx -limb ; corolla-tube cylindrical (3"' long), thrice as long as the
calyx, sericeous : lobes 4, slightly puberulous within ; drupe globose velvety, glabrescent,
slightly rugulose, 4-2-seeded. — A small tree ; leaves 2" long, 2 -8 broad : petiole 1-3
long ; calyx 1"' long ; drupe 2'" diam. — Hab. Jamaica !, Sw., Macf, March, Wullschl., in
dry soil, along the seashore ; [Florida!, Mexico !, Cuba !].

** Corolla-tube filiform or clavate. — Shrubs.

79. G. odorata, Lam. Leaves elliptical or elliptical-oblong, glabrous, pubescent on.
the veins beneath : network of the veinlets with many serial meshes : stipules subulate ; pe-
duncles pubescent, often as long as the leaf : branches contracted, sub-3-flowered : bracts
linear deciduous, half as long as the truucate calyx; corolla-tube filiform (6 -8 long),
4-6 times as long as the calyx, pubescent: lobes 5 (-6) ; drupe globose, velvety, glabrcs-
cent 5-scedcd. — Jacq. /liner. Biel. <.259./. 16; Lam. III. t. 154 ,fig. dextr. tnf. ; Kth.

RUBIACE2E.

333

N. Gen. t. 292. — Langeria, Jacq., Loeft,. G. parviflora Hsenkcana, DC. sec. Lib. Bartl. !
G. xylosteoides, Kth. — A shrub, 12-15' high: habit of Chomelia ; leaves petiole

4 long; corolla pale-red; drupe 3"' diam. — IIab. S. Vincent!, Guild.; Trinidad!,
Pd., Cr. ; [Mexico ! to Venezuela and Guiana!].

80. G. parvifolia* Sio. Leaves small, ovate or lanceolate, glabrous, sericeous on the
principal veins (rarely wholly) beneath: network of the veinlets irregular: stipules ovate,
mucronate, persistent; peduncles puberulous, nearly as long as the leaf: branches 3-1-
flowered: bracts minute ; calyx-limb truncate or lacerate; corolla-tube clavate (3'" long),
thrice as long as the calyx, puberulous: lobes 5 (-6) ; drupe globose, velvety, 5 -seeded. —
G. parviflora, V. sec. Schfecht. .- the proportions of the corolla and calyx does not agree.- — A
diffuse shrub; leaves shortly petioled, 12"/-4'" long; corolla white; drupe 2'" diam. : calyx-
limb tardily deciduous. — Hab. Antigua !, Nichols., Wullschl. , Montserrat, Domiuica !,
Imr. ; [S. Croix to Guadeloupe !, Venezuela!].

Sect. 2. Ulolobus, DC. — Drupe tetraquetrous. Calyx-limb short, minutely 4-5- denticulate .

81. G. crispiflora, V. Leaves large, ovate or elliptical, glabrescent or pubescent on
the curved primary veins beneath : stipules large, ovate, menbranaceous, strigose within ;
peduncles deeply 2-fid : flowers numerous, distant : bracts minute, much shorter than the
oblong calyx-tube ; corolla tomeutose : tube clavate (6'" long), 5-6 times as long as the
calyx : lobes 5, lacerate-undulate, glabrous within; drupe shortly oblong, acute-angled, 4-
seeded. — Vahl, Eclog. t. 6. — G. membranacea, Sieb. Marl. 57 ! ( non Sw.). — A sleuder
shrub, 10' high; leaves 5"-12", petioles l"-3", stipules 1", drupe 3'" long.- Hab. Jamaica !,
Dancer; Montserrat, Domiuica!, Imr., S. Vincent!, Guild.; [French islands !].

32. STENOSTOMUM, G.

(Laugeria, V, Sto., G., non Jacq.)

Calyx-limb 5-4-deutate or subtruncate, persistent on the fruit. Corolla salver-shaped :
lobes 5-4, short, imbricative. Anthers linear, subsessile below the corolla-tin-oat, included
or half-exserted. Stigma capitate. Drupe 2-6-celled : endocarp-cells as narrow as the
cylindrical seeds. — Woody plants; inflorescence of Guettarda.

The only difference between Stenostemum and Guettarda results from the calyx-limb
crowning the fruit in the former, though in the latter genus it be often tardily deciduous.
The testa (Gsertner’s albumen) is rather more tumid in Stenostomum ; but this is only a cha-
racter of degree. Gartner's analysis of Laugeria (in contradistinction of Stenostomum), viz.
a minute embryo in the axis of albumen in S. resinosum, is probably erroneous, as in my
nearly allied S. viscosum I find the operculum-like arillus and long embryo of Gueltardea-,
as figured by Gartner in his S. lucidam.

Sect. 1. Eustenostomum. — Ovary 2{-A)-celled. Blowers ebracteate.

— Trees, devoid of resinous excretions.

Stipules deciduous.

82. S. bifurcatum, DC. Leaves elliptical, glabrous, puberulous on the primary veins
and their axils beneath: stipules ovate-oblong ; peduncles 2-fid above the middle: branches
recurved : flowers approximate; calyx oblong, sericeous: limb tubular, obsoletely 5-lobed-
repand; corolla-tube clavate (3'" long), strigose: lobes 5, glabrous within; anthers in-
cluded; drupe oblong, bluntish.— Malanea, Desr.—A timber-tree; leaves 4"-3" lou»- ex-
ceeding the peduncles; drupe 4'"-3'" long.— IIab. Jamaica !, Pd., M‘Nab, March, in woods,
Manchester near Spilzbergeu, S. Anns.

83 S. tomentosum, DC. Leaves elliptical, glabrous above, velvely-tomenlose be-
neath primary veins prominulous beneath: stipules lanceolate; peduncles once or twice
i L TUf thu, mul(llu : branches recurved : flowers distant; calyx oblong, puberulous :
limb short, 5 -dentate ; “corolla-tube clavate: lobes 5; anthers included ;' drupe oblong,
acumina c, -celled. Laugeria, Sw. / — A low tree ; leaves 4"-3" long, nearly equalling the
peduncles.— Hab. Jamaica !, Sw., in the western districts.

84. S. niti&um, DC. Leaves elliptical or elliptical-oblong, glabrous : primary veins
prominulous beneath: stipules ovate-lanceolate; peduncles once or twice 2-lid about the
middle: branches recurved : flowers numerous, subdistant; calyx minutely oblong, glabres-

z 2

331

llUBIACETE.

cent : limb shortly tubular, repand-eutire ; corolla glabrous. — Malanea, Lam. — A small tree ;
leaves 3"'-4'" long. — Hab. Jamaica 1, Sw.; [Cuba!].

85. S. lucidum, G. Leaves elliptical or elliptical-oblong, blunt , shining-glabrous : veins
not prominulous beneath: stipules lanceolate-subulate; peduncles once or twice 2-fid below
or at the middle : branches slender : flowers distant ; calyx turbinate, glabrous : limb longer
than the tube, with 5 roundish ciliolate lobes ; corolla-tube glabrous, clavate (3'" long) :
lobes 5, roundish; anthers half-exserted ; drupe ellipsoidal-oblong, contracted below the
calyx-limb, 2-celled. — Vahl, Symb. 3. t. 57. — Laugeria, Sw. — A small tree; leaves charta-
ceous, 3"-2" long, equalling the peduncles; corolla white; drupe 3"' long below the crown,
black. — Hab. Jamaica!, Mac/.; S. Lucia!, Masson ; Trinidad; [Cuba!, Haiti!, S. Croix,
Guadeloupe],

86. S. acutatum, DC. Leaves elliptical, pointed, glabrous: primary veins delicate,
prominulous beneath : stipules lanceolate, pointed ; peduncles once or twice bifid about the
middle : branches recurved : flowers subdistant ; calyx minute, linear-oblong , glabrous :
limb as long as the tube, 4 -fid to the middle, with narrow acuminate lobes ; corolla-tube
filiform-clavate, slightly puberulous (3,w long) : lobes 4, short, oblong ; anthers included ;
drupe ellipsoidal-oblong, pointed, 2-celled. — Leaves rigid, 5"-2" long ; drupe 4'" long.
Hab. S. Vincent!, Guild.; [Guadeloupe!].

87. S. coriaceum, Gr. “ Leaves elliptical, bluntish, glabrous, veinless : stipules acu-
minate; peduncles once or twice bilid: flowers distant; calyx ^-dentate : teeth blunt;
corolla-tube glabrescent (6,,( long) : lobes 4, short, roundish ; anthers included ; drupe ob-
long, bluntly acuminate, ^-celled.” — Laugeria, V. Guettarda, Pers. — A low tree. Hab.
Montserrat (Vi), in high mountains; [Guadeloupe].

Sect. 2. Laugeria, V. — Ovary -i-h-celled. Flowers supported by minute bracts. Stipules
persistent. — Resinous-viscid, low trees or shrubs.

88. S. resinosum, Gr. Leaves oblong-lanceolate, shortly acuminate, glabrous, viscid
above : stipules connate-sheathing within the petioles, subtruncate, ciliate ; peduucles shortly
2-fid, as long as the leaves : flowers serial, subdistant ; calyx minute, turbinate-oblong :
limb short, truncate-repand ; corolla-tube filiform-clavate, glabrous, (3m long): lobes
5 (-“4”); anthers included; “drupe 4-5-celled.” — Vahl, Eclog. t. 10 .fig. 6: analyt —
Laugeria, V. Guettarda, Pars. — 8' high ; leaves 4"-3" long. Hab. Montserrat ( V ■), in
high mountains, Dominica!, Imr. ; [Portorico, Trinidad].

Guettarda viscosa, Duchass., Walp., which I had reduced to S. resinosum, proves a dis-
tinct species : . . , . , ,

S viscosum, Gr. Leaves oblong-lanceolate, with a bluntish point, reticulated-veiny, gla-
brous, viscid above (2//-l// long) ; stipules distinct, subulate : peduncles shortly 2-fid,
puberulous, as long as the leaves : branches few-flowered ; calyx oblong : limb as long as the
tube, unequally ^-partite , with linear segments ; corolla-tube filiform-clavate slightly pube-
ridous (3"' long): lobes 5, spathidate-oblong ; anthers included; drupe ellipsoidal, 5-fa-
celled : cells excentrical, separated by thin dissepiments.— Hab. Desirade, a small island
near Guadeloupe, on the calcareous seashore : Duchass. !

89. S. myrtifolium, Gr. (n. sp). Leaves small, elliptical, reticulated-veiny, glabrous,
viscid above: stipules distinct, deltoid; peduncles simple, 'i -flowered, exceeded by the
leaves: flowers approximate, sessile; calyx oblong; limb as long as the tube, truncate ; corolla-
tube filiform-clavate, glabrous, (4'" long) : lobes 5, oblong rounded : anthers oblong.
Leaves 6"'-8'" long, slightly pointed, rounded at both ends : petiole 1 long, thickish,
equalling the viscid stipules. — Dab. Bahamas !, Swains.

33. CHOMEL1A, Jacq.

Calyx-limb 4-fid or 4-dentate, persistent. Corolla salver-shaped : lobes 4, narrow, in-
duplicative Anthers linear, subsessile below the corolla-throat, included, or with the point
exsertcd. Stigma 2-fid. Drupe 2(-l)-celled : cells of the cndocarp distant, ns narrow ns
the cylindrical seeds. — Shrubs, often with spinescent branches ; stipules persistent ; flowers
in contracted, peduncled, axillary cymes.

90, C. fasciculata, Sw. > Branches hairy, spincsccnt ; leaves ovate-roundish, shortly

RUB I ACE AS.

335

pointed, glabrous: petiole short; peduncles filiform, glabrous, as long as or exceeding the
leaves, usually 3 glowered : flowers sessile; calyx-limb deeply 4-fid: lobes oblong-linear,
blunt, often unequal ; corolla-tube filiform, clavate above, hairy, 5-6 times as long as the
oblong blunt lobes ; anthers included. — 12' high ; leaves 12m-6"', corolla-tube 5"'-6"' long.
A good West Indian specimen, without special locality, exists in Herb. Hook. : that I have
compared with the original one in the British Museum. Ch. spinosa, Jacq., has much longer
corolla-lobes and short peduncles. — Hab. Grenada 1, Masson, in hedges.

34. CHI ONE, BC.

Calyx-tube clavate : limb short, 5-lobed, persistent. Corolla shortly campanulate-infun-
dibular, 5-lobed : lobes roundish, imbricative. Stamens exserted : filaments inserted above
the corolla-base : anthers incumbent. Stigma capitate, minutely 2-lobed. Brupe 2-celled :
endocarp somewhat ruminate, with the cells distant, as narrow as the cylindrical seeds.—
Glabrous trees or shrubs ; leaves leathery : stipules deciduous ; flowers in peduncled, ter-
minal, trichotomous,fastigiate cymes.

91. C. glabra, DC. Leaves lanceolate-oblong, bluntish, smooth above, veiny with deli-
cate veins beneath : stipules ovate-lanceolate ; cymes many-flowered : alar flowers subsessile ;
corolla 5-lobed to one-third ; anther linear, elongated, longer than the filaments.— Sacconia,
Endl. Psychotria megalosperma, V. sec. BC. Jacquinia venosa. Sic. ! — A timber-tree ;
leaves resembling those of Viburnum Tinus, variable in breadth, 4"-3" long ; calyx-limb Y"
long, repand with rounded lobes; corolla 2"', anthers 1Y" long; drupe ellipsoidal-oblong,
truncate at the top, 8"'-6'" long. — Hab. Montserrat, Dominica !, Imr., S. Lucia !, Anders. ;
[Guadeloupe !, Mb. Sioi]. In Cuba three new species of Chione were discovered by Wright.

35. PHIALANTHUS, Gr. {n. g.).

Calyx-tube clavate : limb 4-partite. Corolla shortly campanulate-infundibular, 4-lobed :
lobes ovate, blunt. Stamens exserted : filaments distinct, inserted near the corolla-base :
anthers ovoid, erect. Style simple : stigma bluntish. Brupe 2-celled : endocarp with a
thin dissepiment : seeds cylindrical. — A resinous-viscid, glabrous shrub ; leaves small, vein-
less, revolute on the margin : stipules connate-sheathing within the petioles, persistent ;
flowers glomerate, in minute, sessile, axillary or lateral clusters.

The character, though not yet quite complete, shows this genus to be nearly related to
Scolosanthus, while from its resinous excretions Stenostomum, sect. Laugeria, is analogous.

92. P. myrtilloides, Gr. — Leaves spathulate or obovate, 5 "'-8'" long, shortly pe-
tioled : stipular sheath short, subtruncate, covered with resin ; calyx-tube long : lobes as
long, spathulate-linear ; corolla 1"' long and broad, as long as the filaments ; ovary 2-celled :
ovules pendulous, single in each cell ; style filiform, as long as the stamens. The drupe is
unripe, but a sketch (in Herb. Hook.) shows a structure analogous to that of Stenostomum.
— Hab. Bahamas !, Swains.

36. SCOLOSANTHUS, V.

Calyx-tube ellipsoidal-oblong : limb 4-partite. Corolla salver-shaped : tube 4-gonal :
lobes 4, short, imbricative, 2 exterior. Stamens included : filaments monadelphous at the
base free from the corolla-base, hairy below : anthers long, linear, erect. Style simple, with
the linear stigma-branches cohering. Drupe “ 2-celled, or 1-celled by abortion.”— A glabrous
shrub, sometimes spinescent, and resembling in foliage Randia aculeata ; leaves leathery,
shining veinless, opposite, often 4-6; fascicled by reduced axillary branches: stipules
short sheathing at the base, deciduous, with the remaining sheath marcescent ; flowers
shortly pedicellate, clustered in the axils, purplish-yellow.

93. G. versicolor, V.—Vahl, Eclog. i. 10: analyt.— Ixora multiflora, Sw.— 2'-3'
high , leaves obovate-roundish or elliptical, pointed or blunt, 8"'-2" long : midrib impressed
* > cay*-tubc 1 : lobcs much shorter, dentiform; corolla 3"' long, narrow;

drupe white. —Hab. Jamaica 1, Al., March ; [Portorico, S. Croix],

37. STRUMPFIA, Jacq.

Calyx-tube ovate: limb 5-partitc, persistent. Corolla rotate, deeply 5-partitc : segments

33G

RUBIACE/E.

oblong-lanceolate, slightly imbricative. Anthers subsessilc, wholly connate, nearly free from
the corolla-base, forming an ovate-oblong column, membranaceous at the top, a little ex-
ceeded in length by the corolla-segments. Style bifid : branches contiguous. Drupe ellip-
soidal, 2-1-celled : seeds ovoid-oblong, hanging, operculate with a basilar arillus. — A low,
leafy shrub, resembling in foliage Rosmarinus ; leaves 3 in the whorl, thidcish-linear, re-
volute on the margin, puberulous, deciduous : stipules persistent ; flowers hoary-pubescent,
clustered on short axillary peduncles, subsessile, bracteolate.

The anomalous structure of the column, described by De Candolle, must have been a
monstrosity ; for I find 10 anther-cells, regularly arranged in a single row.

94. S. maritima, Jacq. — Desc. FI. t. 208. — 2-3' high ; leaves 4'"-8"r long ; calyx-
teeth minute, deltoid, bluntish ; corolla small, white. — Hab. Bahamas !, Swains., on mari-
time rocks ; Turk Islands !, Ejalmars. ; [Cuba !, Guadeloupe 1].

Subteibe 2. OHIO CO CCE7E. — Ovules pendulous. Seeds albuminous: embryo small,
included. Pericarp fleshy. Corolla-lobes imbricative. — Inflorescence axillary.

38. ERITHALIS, P. Br.

Calyx-tube ovate: limb short, subtruncate or denticulate, persistent. Corolla rotate,
deeply 5-partite : segments slightly imbricative. Stamens 5 (-10), exserted : filaments free
from the corolla-base, hairy below : anthers linear. Stigma blunt : lobes 5 or more, minute,
agglutinated. Drupe globose, furrowed, 5-10(-20)-pyrenous : pyrense and seeds compressed.
Embryo in the top of the fleshy albumen. — Glabrous, resinous shrubs or low trees ; leaves
leathery : stipules apiculate, connate-sheatldng within the petioles, persistent ; flowers
white, in peduncled, axillary ( or supra-axillary) , trichotomous, fastigiate cymes.

This geuus is not very nearly related to Cldococca, but may be regarded as a link between
it and Chione. A nearer affinity, evident from habit and fleshy albumen, is said to exist
with Psalhura, to which however erect ovules are ascribed.

95. E. fr-aticosa, L. Leaves obovate or spathulate-lanceolate, blunt (or bluntish),
shiuing, shortly petioled ; calyx-limb repand-subtruncate ; corolla-segments oblong-linear or
lanceolate-oblong; carpids 10 (20-6). — Desc. Ft. 4. t. 242. — Variable in the breadth of the
leaves, and the length of the mucro on the stipules.

a. Leaves 2"-3", corolla 2"'-3"' long : segments oblong-linear ; anthers (1"' long) shorter
than the filament. — Br. Jain. t. 17 3. — Usually shrubby, 2'-3' high.

13. odorvf era, Jacq. Leaves broad, rounded at the top, 4' -3 long; corolla 4 long:
segments knceolate-oblong ; anthers (2"' long) longer than or as long as the filaments —
Jacq. Amer. Piet. t. 260./. 20 : the flower.— A low tree, 15'-8' high.

Hab. Bahamas 1, Swains. (0) ; Jamaica!, all coll, (a), on maritime rocks, and on lime-
stone liills in the interior; Antigua!, Lane , Nichols Wullschl. (a, £)> Dominica!, Imr.
(j8), S. Lucia!, Anders ., S. Vincent!, Guild.; Trinidad !, Anders. ; [Cuba !, Portonco !,
Guadeloupe ! ; Key West 1, Honduras !].

96. E. angustifolia, DC. Leaves elliptical-lanceolate or lanceolate, acuminate at both
ends • calyx-limb 5- dentate : teeth deltoid ; corolla-segments ovate-lanceolate ; carpids 5-6

9 Leaves 4"-3" long, 1" broad.— Hab. S. Vincent!, Guild.; [Cuba].

39. CIIIOCOCCA, P. Br.

Calyx-tube ovate: limb 5-dentate, persistent. Corolla infundibular: lobes 5, slightly
imbricative. Stamens included, rarely exserted : filaments usually hairy, free from the
corolla-base, shortlv monadelphous : anthers linear. Stigma clavate, with 2 agglutinated
lobes Berry roundish, compressed, 2(-3) -pyrenous : seeds compressed. Embryo axilc m
cartilaginous albumen. — Scandent or trailing, glabrous shrubs ; stipules apiculate, connate-
sheathing within the petioles; flowers yellowish-white, in axillary, racemiform cymes.

97 C racemosa, Jacq. Leaves chartaceous, elliptical or ovate-lanceolate, shortly
cuncate at the base : stipules mucronate, points shorter than or as long as their sheath ; ra-
ceme, as long as their leaves, usually compound : bracts 2-dcntato at the base ; calyx-teeth
deltoid • corolla 5-lobcd to or beyond one-third : lobes ovate-lanceolate; anthers wholly in-

RUBIACE2E.

337

eluded within the corolla-tube ; berry orbicular. — SI. t. 188. f. 3 ; Jacq. Amer. Piet. t. C9 ;
Desc. FI. 4. t. 292.-4-10' high ; berry white, 3"'-2'" diam.

a. Jacquiniana. Leaves elliptical, pointed long) ; racemes oblong ; corolla cleft

beyond one-third. _ . ..

p. laxiflora , DC. Leaves ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, with a bluntish point (3 -1a long) ;
racemes usually 3-partite-pyramidal ; corolla cleft to one-third. — Kl. and Guimp. Arzn. 1.
t. 3. — Stem scandent.

y. longi/olia, DC. Leaves oblong or ovate-oblong, apiculate-acute (3"-2 ' long) ; racemes
oblong; corolla 5-fid nearly to the middle. — C. caracasana, Kl. ! C. anguifuga trinitensis,
DC. ex Sieb. Tr. 38.

Hab. Bahamas!, Swains.; Jamaica !, all coll. (P; a sec. SI.) ; Antigua!, Wullscld. (7),
Dominica ; Trinidad !, Sieb., Cr. (P, 7) ; [Bermudas !, Florida ! ; Cuba ! (a, P) and Mexico !
to Uruguay ! ; Galapagos !].

98. C. parvifolia, Wullsclil. US. Leaves small, ovate or ovate-oblong, with a bluntish
point, shortly cuneate at the base : stipules subulate, points longer than their sheath ; racemes
lax, simple, twice or more exceeded by the leaves .- bracts 2-dentate at the base ; calyx-teeth
deltoid-ovate, bluntish ; corolla 5-lobed to one-half (or one-third) : lobes lanceolate or ovate-
lanceolate ; points of the anthers exceeding the corolla-tube ; berry orbicular. — C. racemosa,
var., Sio. Obs. C. racemosa, Sieb. Mart. 33. — In C. pluenostemon, Schlecht., the anthers
are longer exserted. A high climber (P. Br.) : branches usually horizontal; leaves 8'"— 1"
(-2") long ; berry 2'" diam. — Hab. Jamaica !, Wullscld., March ; Antigua !, Wullscld. ;
Trinidad!, Cr. ; [Portorico !, Martinique ! ; Panama !, Venezuela !].

Subtribe 3. VANG UIERJE/F. — Ovides pendulous. Seeds albuminous : embryo small,
included. Pericarp fleshy. Corolla-lobes valvate. — Inflorescence axillary.

40. MALANEA, Aubl.

Calyx-limb narrow, 4-dentate. Corolla salver-shaped or subrotate : lobes valvate. Sta-
mens exserted, inserted near the corolla-throat : anthers oval. Stigma 2-lobed. Drupe
“ 2-celled : seeds cylindrical, pendulous.” — High, climbing or erect shrubs ; leaves arch-
veined: veins prominent beneath .- stipules deciduous; flowers clustered, bracteolate, in
axillary, tricholomous panicles.

99. M. sarmentosa, Aubl. Branches climbing, with the panicles rusty-tomentose ;
leaves obovate, rugose with impressed veins above, fusty-tomentose beneath : stipules ovate-
oblong, bluntish ; flowers sessile ; corolla puberulous : lobes ovate, pointed, as long as the
tube, villous-bearded within. — Aubl. t. 41. — Leaves 4"-7" long; corolla blue: beard
whitish. — IIab. Trinidad!, Loc/ch., on woody hills, Arima; [Guiana!].

100. IVT. macrophylla, Bartl. 1 (MS. in Rich. Schom. FI. Guian. p. 947). Erect ;
branches glabrcscent; leaves elliptical, shortly pointleted, smooth, glabrous or glabrate
beneath: stipules obovate -oblong, rounded at the top; panicles hoary-sericeous: flowers
sessile ; corolla pubescent : lobes ovate-oblong, blunt, about half as long as the tube, villous
within. — A shrub ; leaves 8”-3" long ; corolla-tube 2"' long. — Hab. S. Vincent !, Guild. ;
Trinidad !, Cr., at S. Anns; [Guiana !].

Subtribe 4. IX0RE2E. — Ovules laterally attached. Seeds albuminous : embryo included.

Pericarp fleshy. Corolla-lobes contorted.

41. IXORA, L.

(Siderodendron, V.)

Calyx-limb 4-5-dcntate. Corolla salver-shaped : tube slender : limb contorted. Anthers
exserted, inserted into the corolla-throat. Stigma 2-fid, or lobes agglutinated. Berry
smooth subglobose, 2-celled: seeds concave on the inner side, allixed to the middle of the
dissepiment. Embryo curved : radicle inferior : cotyledons foliaceous. — Woody plants ;
stipules apiculale, persistent ,- flowers in axillary or terminal corymbs.

101 * • I. Bandhuca, Roxb. Shrubby, glabrous ; leaves oval-oblong, subcordale-sessile,

338

RUBIACEiE.

rounded at the top : stipules subulate ; corymbs subsessile, contracted, terminal ; corolla
red : tube fdiform ( 1 ( ' long), 3—4 limes as long as the oval, bluntish lobes ; stigma sub-
included; berry “crowned with the open calyx-limb.”— Wight, Ic. 1. t. 149.— Leaves
2 — 3 ' long. Hab. Naturalized in S. Kitts!, Trinidad ( Sieb .) ; [introduced from the East
Indies],

102*. I. tenuiflora, Roxb. Glabrous; leaves oblong, pointleted, shortly petioled : sti-
pules mucronate-sheathing ; corymbs peduncled, contracted, terminal ; corolla pale : tube fili-
form (2" long), 6—8 times as long as the oblong, bluntish lobes ; stigma long-exserted. — Leaves
8 1 long. — Hab. Naturalized in Jamaica !, Wils. ; [introduced from the Moluccan islands].

103*. I. Pavetta, Roxb. Glabrous or puberulous above; leaves oblong, petioled: sti-
pules deltoid, mucronate, superior often sheathing at the base ; corymbs trichotomous, pyra-
midal, terminal, and axillary : flowers fastigiate in the branches; corolla white : tube filiform,
clavate (4,,( long about ha f as long again as the oblong lobes; stigma long-exserted. —
Wight, Ic. 1. 1. 148. — Pavetta indica, L. — Leaves 6,,-4,( long, variable. — Hab. Naturalized
in Jamaica !, March ; [introduced from the East Indies !].

104. I. ferrea, Benth. Arboreous, glabrous; leaves oblong, pointed, shortly petioled :
stipules subulate; corymbs axillary or lateral, sessile, contracted , few-flowered ; corolla
rosy : tube filiform-clavate (4,,/ long), 3-4 times as long as the oval lobes; stigma subin-
cluded.— Jacq. Amer. Piet. t. 259. f. 7 : the flower. — Sideroxyloides, Jacq. Siderodendron
triflorum, V. — 30' high; leaves 6"-4" long.— Hab. Antigua!, Nichols., Dominica!, Imr.,
S. Lucia!, S. Vincent !, Anders.; [Martinique !, in mountain woods; Veraguas !, Venezuela!,
Guiana !].

42*. COPFEA, I.

Calyx-limb 5 (-4) -dentate. Corolla salver-shaped: tube cylindrical-infundibular : limb
contorted. Stamens inserted into or below the corolla-throat : anthers linear. Stigma 2-
fid. Berry smooth, ovoid, 2-celled : seeds attached to the middle of the dissepiment, with a
longitudinal furrow on the inner flat side. Embryo of Ixora, but straight. — Woody plants ;
stipules of Ixora ; flowers clustered in the axils.

105*. C. arabica, L. Shrubby or arboreous, glabrous; leaves oblong, pointleted: sti-
pules subulate; flowers pedicellate; corolla 5-lobed to or beyond the middle : lobes oblong;
anthers and style exserted. — Pass. FI. 1. t. 18 ; Besc. FI. 8. t. 564. — C. guianensis, Sieb. Tr.
33, 34 (vix Aubl) : apparently a form with a 4-cleft corolla. — Hab. Cultivated in the hills at
3000'-6000' alt., and naturalized in Jamaica!, Antigua!, to Trinidad ! ; [introduced from
eastern trop. Africa].

Subtribe 5. PSYCHOTRIErE. — Ovules erect (rarely attached above the base). Seeds
albuminous: embryo included. Pericarp fleshy . Corolla-lobes valvate.

43. FARAMEA, Rich.

Calyx-limb produced, truncate, or 4-dentate. Corolla salver-shaped : lobes 4, valvate.
Stamens inserted into the corolla-tube : anthers linear, sessile. Stigma 2-fid. Ovary 2-ovu-
late : ovules erect, contiguous in a single cell, or separated by a thin or incomplete dissepi-
ment. Berry globose or ovoid, dry, chartaceous, smooth, 1-seeded by abortion : seed often
umbilicated at the base. — Glabrous shrubs or trees ; flowers white, in coryinbform or um-
belliform, trichotomous, terminal and axillary cymes.

106. P. odoratissima, DC. Leaves subcoriaceous, elliptical or oblong, pointleted, pe-
tioled : stipules rounded, shorter than their elongated dorsal awn ; corymbs lax : pedicels
ternate, ebracteate, longer than the truncate calyx ; corolla-lobes linear, from a lanceolate
base, nearly as long as the cylindrical tube; anthers included ; ovary 1-celled; berry glo-
bose.— Br. Jam. t. 6./. 2 ; Jacq. Amer. Piet. t. 68 ; Pass. FI. 2. 1. 16. — Coflea occidentals,
Jacq. Antoniana laurifolia. Puss. F. montevidensis borealis, DC. (ex specim. Hostm. a
Benth. cit.) : the longer calyx-limb crowning the fruit proves a variable character.— 6'-8'
high ; leaves 8"-S" long, variable ; corolla-tube 6"' long : limb subulate in the bud ; berry
4"' diam. — Hab. Jamaica !, all coll.; Dominica !, Imr., S. Vincent I, Quild.; Trinidad !, Or. ;
[Cuba ! und Mexico I to Venezuela ! and Guiana !].

RUBIACE2E.

339

107. F. Martini, DC. Loaves chartaceous, elliptical, or elliptical-oblong, pointleted,
petioled : stipules rounded, with a deciduous, short niucro ; corymbs contracted : pedicels
clustered, cbracteate, shorter than the truncate calyx ; corolla-lobes oblong-linear, as long
as the cylindrical tube; anthers long, half-exserted ; ovary 1-celled. — Vahl, JEc/og. t. 10.
f 3 : analyt. — Billardiera {s. Froeliehia) paniculata, V. Coussarea Froeliehia, Rich. — A
fragrant tree (Pd.) : habit of F. contracla, Walp. — Leaves 6"-4", corolla-tube 2"1 long. —
11 ab. Trinidad!, Pd., in the mountains of S. Anns ; [Guiana].

44. It UDGEA, Salisb.

Calyx-limb 4-5-partite, rarely 4-5-fid, persistent. Corolla salver-shaped : lobes valvate,
often corniculate at the top. Stamens inserted into the corolla-tube : anthers incumbent,
usually exserted. Stiyma 2-fid. Ovary 2-celled : cells 1-ovulate : ovules erect. Drupe 2-
celled, smooth, or subangular from the putamen being 3-cristate in each cell : seeds cylin-
drical, filling up the woody cells. Albumen fleshy. — Woody plants ; leaves often minutely
■pellucid-dotted: stipules cut above: the upper portion deciduous, the broad base persis-
tent ; flowers clustered on the branches of trichotomous terminal panicles, or clusters single,
peduncled.

The character of the seed is drawn only from a single fruit-specimen, referred with some
confidence to R. caribcea.

108. R. caribsea, Benth.l Glabrous; leaves leathery, elliptical or lanceolate-oblong,
acuminate, tapering into a slender petiole ; panicle trichotomous: flowers 3-5-nate (or sin-
gle by abortion) : bracteoles minute, subulate, shorter than the calyx-tube ; corolla glabrous,
villous loiihin : lobes oblong-linear, corniculate, as long as or longer than the clavate tube ;
filaments long-exserted ; drape ovoid-oblong : putamen 3-cristate on each side. — Psychotria
citrifolia, Sw.l Pavetta peutandra, Sieb.l (non Sw.). — A shrub (Duck.) ; leaves 5 "-4”, co-
rolla-tube 2"'-3'", drape 8'" long. Specimens occur with monstrous, or abortive, or con-
tracted flower-heads, as large as a pea, resembling Cepliaelis, but exinvolucrate. — Hab. Ja-
maica (Benth.) ; Antigua !, Wullschl., Dominica !, Imr., S. Vincent !, Guild. ; [Guadeloupe 1,
in mountain woods; Martinique!, Sieb. Mart. 274].

109. R. Hostmanniana, Benth. ! Glabrous ; leaves leathery, elliptical or oblong,
with a bluntish point, blunt at the petioled base; panicle trichotomous: flowers 5-3-nate
sessile : bracteoles ovate-lanceolate, as long as the calyx-tube ; corolla glabrescent, pilose
within : lobes oblong-linear, corniculate, as long as or longer than the cylindrical tube; fila-
ments long-exserted. — Leaves 5"-6", thick petiole 2"'-3'", corolla-tube 2'" long.— ’hab.
Trinidad !, Lockh., Cr., at S. Anns ; [Guiana !].

45. RONABEA, Aubl.

Calyx-limb produced, minutely 5-deuticulate. Corolla salver-shaped : tube clavate : limb
slightly reduplicate. Stamens included, inserted into the corolla-tube: anthers oblon°\
Stigma 2-fid. Ovary of Rudgea. Berry ovoid, smooth, 2-cellcd : seeds flat on the inner
side.— Shrubs; leaves large, arch-veined: stipules subulate; flowers glomerate in the axils.

110. R. latifolia, Aubl. Glabrous or pubescent ; leaves elliptical or oblong, pointleted,
cuneate at the base : stipules short, with a long, subpersistent mucro ; clusters equalling the’
petiole or exceeded by it ; corolla-lobes oblong, bluntish, pilose within, one-third as long as
the tube. Aubl. t. 59.— Psychotria axillaris, IF Coffea subsessilis, Benth.— Branches
subcompressed ; leaves 6"-4" long, black in drying ; corolla-tube 2"' long, thrice as long as
the calyx-limb.— Hab. Trinidad !, Cr., at Tocuche ; [Guiana, Venezuela !].

46. PSYCHOTRIA, L.

Calyx-limb persisted, with 5 (-4) smnll teeth or segments, rarely subentire. Corolla in-
U" I.,U,ar’ 0I', 'learly_so : tube short : lobes 5 (—4), valvate. Stamens inserted into the co-
ro a- u e. ujma 2-fid. Ovary of Rudgea. Berry 2(-3)-pyrenous, mostly furrowed from
the chartaceous pyreme being 5-3-cristatc. Albumen cartiluginous.— Usually shrubby plants ;
flowers mostly m terminal panicles.

340

RUBIACEyE.

Sect. 1. Notopleura, Bentli. — Pyrence compressed, from the haclc, %-cristale : lateral
crests contiguous to the angles of the commissure. Albumen flat-compressed, devoid of
farrows. — Stem herbaceous, large-leaved : stipules single: upper part deciduous, leaving
a persistent, connate-sheathing base.

111. P. uliginosa, Sw.l Glabrous or glabrescent, somewhat succulent; leaves obo-
Vate or elliptical, usually pointleted, costate-veiny, long-petioled : stipules pointed ; panicles
axillary, trichotomous : flowers clustered, bracteolate ; calyx-limb 5-dentate; corolla villous
at the throat ; anthers linear; berry ovate, at length nearly smooth. — P.lsevis, DC. — Habit
of Patima. A suffrutescent herb, 2-3' high ; leaves 10"-6", petiole 2" long ; axillary pani-
cles short : peduncle 3" long or none ; flowers small, pale-red ; berry crimson.
a. Glabrous ; leaves pointleted ; panicles long-peduncled.

/3. discolor, Sm. ined. Leaves oval, rounded at the top, acute at the base : under side of
the midrib and subsessile panicles puberulous.

Hab. Jamaica!, all coll., in wet places (a, fl) ; Dominical, Imr., S. Lucia; Trinidad!,
Cr. ; [Cuba ! ; Central America, Guiana !].

Sect. 2. Mapouria, Bentli. — Pyrence half -terete, 'o(-?>)-cristate : crests equidistant . Al-
bumen farrowed between the crests, flat with 2 minute, or no farroios on the commissural
side. — Stipules single, deciduous from or near the base. Panicles terminal : flowers mi-
nutely bracteolate.

In the West Indian species the corolla is villous at or below the throat, and the anthers
are oblong ; exserled and included stamens occur in the same branch.

* Stipules distinct, wholly or above.

112. P. grandis, Sw.l Herbaceous, suffrutescent, glabrous; leaves large, ohovate,
pointed, cuneate towards the shortly petioled base, costate-veiny : stipules broadly ovate-
subulate, tardily deciduous, membranaceous, slightly cohering at the base, as long as the
petiole ; panicle large, peduncled, trichotomous, with accessory branches, slightly puberu-
lous : flowers clustered ^calyx-limb minutely denticulate ; berry “ovate.” — 12-15' high ; leaves
15"— S", stipules 10'"— 8"', corolla 2'" long; panicle often terminal between two branches.—
IIab. Jamaica!, Al., Wils., among mountain-shrubs, e.g. near Bath.

113. P. Mapouria, R. S. Suffrutescent, glabrous; leaves large, elliptical, shortly pe-
tioled, costate- veiny : stipules broadly ovate, blunt , membranaceous ; panicle large, peduti
cled trichotomous, with accessory branches ; flowers clustered ; calyx-limb minutely denti-
culate ; berry “ ovoid-globose.”— Aubl. f. 67- — 7'-8'high ; leaves 6"-8", stipules 6"', corolla
2"' long. — LIab. Dominica!, Imr., S. Vincent!, Guild.; [Guiana!].

114. P. floribunda, Kth. Shrubby, glabrous; leaves leathery, oblong, costate-veiny.
stipules oblong, blunt, membranaceous, deciduous, with the short base marcescent ; panicle
trichotomous, with accessory branches, peduncled, slightly puberulous above : flowers clus-
tered • calyx-limb subentire; corolla-lobes shorter than the tube ; berry ovoid: pyrence mi-
nutely 2-furrowed at the commissure.— 25'-5' high ; leaves 8"-3", petiole 4"'-10'", stipules
flii-W", corolla 2'" long ; flowers white; berry yellowish. — IIab. Dominica!, Imr.; [Gua-
daloupe !, in damp woods ; Martinique !, Sieb. Mart. 77 ; New Granada].

115. P. dura, Sm. ined. (in Hb. BIcs). Shrubby, glabrous; leaves leathery, shining
above elliptical or oblong, costate-veiny beneath : stipules broadly ovate, blunt, membrana-
ceous,’ deciduous, with the short base marcescent ; panicle trichotomous, with accessory
branches , peduncled, slightly puberulous above: flowers clustered; calyx-limb shortly 5-
lobcd- corolla-lobes shorter than the tube ; berry ovoid: albumen 2-furrowed at the com-
missure.—Leaves 5"-2V', petiole 4"'-8"', stipules 4"'-6"', corolla 2"' long.— IIab. Jamaica!,
Pd., Wils., Al., March, in woods, Manchester, S. Anns.

116 P marginata , Sw. ! Shrubby, glabrous ; leaves chartaccous, lanceolate-oblong
or oblong poiuted, gradually tapering into the petiole, cOstatc-veiuy : stipules oblong, blunt or
bluntish ’ membranaceous, deciduous ; panicle lax, trichotomous, peduncled : flowers pedi-
cellate • calyx-limb minutely 5-dentate ; corolla-lobes as long as the tube; berry subg/obose:
nvrence’ minutely 2-furrowed at the commissure.— 3'-4' high ; leaves black m drying, 6 -3
petiole l0'"-4 , stipules 6"'-3"', corolla H"' long.— IIab. Jamaica!, Sw., M‘Nab, March,

in woods.

ItlTBIACEiE.

341

117. P. glabrata, Sw. Shrubby, glabrous ; leaves chartaceous, elliptical, costate-veiny:
stipules distinct, ovate , obtusate, membranaceous, deciduous, with the basilar hairs persis-
tent ; panicle trichotomous, peduncled : flowers shortly pedicellate ; calyx-limb 5-den tate ;
corolla-lobes nearly as long as the tube ; berry ovoid-globose : pyreum flat ; albumen slightly
2-furrowed at the commissure. — P. laurifolia, Sw. : a form with the leaves tapering at the
base. — 4'-5' high ; leaves black in drying, 4"-2|", petiole 4,'"-2'", stipules l'"-3" , corolla
2'" long; berry 2'" diam. — Hab. Jamaica!, March, in rocky lulls ; Antigua!, Wullschl.;
[Cuba !].

118. P. tenuifolia, Sw. Shrubby, glabrous; leaves somewhat leathery or chartaceous,
elliptical or oblong, costate-veiny : stipules broad, distinct, bifid, with subulate lobes, deci-
duous, with the basilar hairs persistent ; panicle trichotomous, shortly peduncled, or subses-
si/e : flowers clustered ; calyx-limb 5-fid : corolla-lobes as long as the tube ; berry ellip-
soidal: pyre me flat, albumen 2-forrowed at the commissure. — P. glabrata. Si. eh. Mart. 73
{non Sw.). — 3'-4' high, resembling P. Brownei ; leaves glaucous-black in drying, variable,
blunt or pointed at both ends, often with hair-tufts in the vein-axils beneath, 3"-7,,J petiole
4"'-l 2"', stipules 4"'-5"', corolla V", berry 3"'-4",long. — Hab. Jamaica!, Mac/., Pd.,
M‘Nab, Wullschl., in woods : Antigua!, Wullschl.; [Cuba ! to Martinique !].

119. P. Brownei, Spreng. Shrubby, glabrous; leaves somewhat leathery, elliptical or
lanceolate-elliptical, blunt or bluntish at both ends, costate-veiny : stipules connate-sheatldng
below, ovate or roundish, blunt or bluntly mucronate, deciduous, with the basilar hairs per-
sistent ; panicle trichotomous, lax, spreading, sessile, or peduncled : flowers clustered ; calyx-
limb short, minutely 5-deutate ; corolla-lobes shorter than the tube ; berry ellipsoidal : py-
ren® flat, albumen slightly 2-furrowed at the commissure. — Br. Jam. t. 17./. 2. — P. asia-
tica, Lam. P. feetens, Sw., partim : a form with lanceolate-elliptical leaves. — Leaves glau-
cous-black in drying, 4"-3", petiole 6"'-4'", stipular sheath 2"'-l'", corolla 2"' long; berry
2"'-2\'" long, 1"' broad.-— Hab. Jamaica!, M‘Nab, Al., Macf., Bist., March, Wullschl., in
woods and along rivers ; [Portorico, S. Thomas] .

120. P. androsaemifolia, Gr. ( n . sp.). Shrubby, glabrous; leaves leathery, lanceo-
late-obluug, bluntly acuminate : veins distant, delicate : stipules connate-sheathing below,
ovate, blunt, with the basilar hairs persistent ; panicle peduncled, 3-rayed, cymose, fasli-
giate: flowers clustered, alar ones shortly pedicellate ; calyx-limb short, minutely 5 -denti-
culate; corolla-lobes shorter than the tube ; berry ellipsoidal : pv reuse 4-furrowed between
the broadly obtuse crests : commissure flat, with the albumen 2-furrowed. — Leaves glaucous,
smooth, 4"-3" long, 1" broad, taperiug into the short petiole ; stipules 2'", corolla 2"' Ion-- •
berry 2|"' long, 1 broad. — Hab. Jamaica!, March.

** Stipules combined-sheathing, often dimidiate.

121. P. celastroides, Gr. (n. sp.). Shrubby , glabrous ; leaves chartaceous, elliptical

01 lanceolate-elliptical, pointed at both ends, costate-veiny : stipules connate or rumpent,
often dimidiate-sheathing, bluntly acuminate, membranaceous, deciduous, with the basilar
hairs persistent ; panicle peduncled, usually 5-rayed (or trichotomous) : flowers clustered ;
calyx-limb 5 -dentate ; corolla-lobes half as long as the tube ; berry ovoid-globose : pyre ike
flat, albumen 2-furrowed at the commissure.— Allied in character to R. Brownei, but dis-
tinguished by thinner, often wavy-repaud, light-green leaves, the deltoid calyx-teeth, and
chiefly by the shape of the berry. Leaves 3"-l", petiole 2"'-3"', stipules 2"'-3"' corolla 2"'
long; berry 2"' long, H"'-2'" broad.— Hab. Jamaica!, Wullschl. /[Cuba !]. ’

122. P. dasyophthalma, Gr. ( n . sp.). Shrubby, glabrous, but with rusty-villous sti-

pules; leaves chartaceous, lanceolate-oblong, pointed, costate-veiny : stipules connate, dimi-
duite-sheathing, ovate or ovatc-lanccolate, bluntly acuminate, membranaceous, deciduous,
with the basilar hairs persistent ; panicle peduncled, trichotomous : flowers clustered ; calyx-
11ml) minutely 5-deuticulate ; corolla-lobes half as long as the tube; berry ellipsoidal: py-
nina; llat at the commissure.— Nearly allied to P. hirsuta, but having glabrous leaves and
crunches : the berry remains to be compared. Leaves black in drying, tapering towards the
base, 4'-2i", petiole 5" -3"', stipules 3'"-C'", corolla 1/" long; her, 7 3'1' long, 1$"' broad.
'—Hab. Jamaica !, Wullschl., Manchester, at Fairfield. 0

1 *23‘ **■ ^lrsut^j Sw- Shrubby; branches rusty-pilose, with jointed, spreading hairs;

. L’avus cllariaccous, lanccolatc-oblong, acuminate, arch-veinod, glabrate above, pilose on the

842

RUBIACEjE.

nerves beneath t stipules connate, dimidiate-sheathing , oblong, acuminate , rusty-hispid, de-
ciduous ; panicle peduncled, lax, trichotoinous, exceeding the leaves : flowers clustered ;
calyx-limb minutely 5-denticulate ; corolla-lobes shorter than the tube. — R. villosa, 11. P.
(Ft. Peruv. t. 207) sec. Bantl. — A large, spreading shrub ; leaves black in drying, 5"-3"
long, 15 '"-12"' broad; petioles 6'"-4'", stipules 8"'-4'", white corolla 2'" long. — Hab. Ja-
maica ! Wils. ; [Peru! Poepp. 1568].

124. P. undata, Jacq. Shrubby, glabrous; leaves chartaceous, elliptical, pointletcd,
costate-veiny : stipules large, connate, dimidiate-sheathing , obovate, blunt, or emarginate,
rusty-membranaceous, deciduous, with the short base marcescent ; panicle sessile, trichoto-
mous, much exceeded by the leaves : flowers clustered ; calyx-limb minutely 5-denticulate or
subentire; corolla-lobes shorter than the tube; berry ellipsoidal: pyrense flat, albumen
with 2 large furrows at the commissure. — P. nervosa, Sw. ! P. stipulaeea, Svi. I P. oligo-
tricha, DC. : a form with the vein-axils pilose beneath. — Nearly allied to P. rufescens,
Kth., but usually broader-leaved aud the branches perfectly glabrous. Leaves rusty-green in
drying, tapering at the base, 5"'-3'" long, 2"-l" broad ; petioles 6'"-4"', stipules 9"'-6'",
corolla 24'" long; flowers white; anthers equalling the corolla-lobes, included in other
flowers ; berry 3'" long, 14'" broad.— Hab. Bahamas ; Jamaica !, all coll., along road-
sides.

125. P. rufescens, ATM., Bartl. ! Shrubby, rusty-pubescent above; leaves charta-
ceous, lanceolate-elliptical, acuminate, costate-veiny, glabrate above, hispidulous or glabrate
between the nerves beneath : stipules connate or rumpent, dimidiate-sheathing, obovate,
often pointed, 2-fid, rusty-membranaceous, deciduous, with the short base marcescent ; pani-
cle sessile, trichotomous, exceeded by the leaves : flowers clustered ; calyx-limb minutely 5-
dentate ; corolla-lobes shorter than the tube ; berry ellipsoidal : pyremc flat, albumen 2-
furrowed at the commissure. — P. portoricensis, DC. — Leaves rusty-green in drying, tapering
at the base, 4''-24" long, 14"— 1" broad ; petioles 2"'-5'", stipules 6",-3'"J corolla 2"' long ;
berry of the preceding. — Hab. Jamaica \, Mac/., Al., March, Wullschl., in woods; An-
tigua !, Wullschl.; [Cuba ! ; Mexico ! to New Granada].

126. P. lanceolata, Nutt. Shrubby, glabrous, or slightly rusty-hairy above ; leaves
chartaceous, lanceolate, rarely lanceolate-elliptical, costate-veiny, glabrous above, glabrate
beneath : stipules connate or rumpent, dimidiate-sheathing , obovate-roundish, often emar-
ginate with blunt lobes, rusty-membranaceous, deciduous, with the short base marcescent;
panicle sessile, trichotomous, exceeded by the leaves : flowers clustered ; calyx-limb minutely
5 -denticulate or subentire : corolla-lobes shorter than the tube; berry ovoid, rounded at
both ends. — P. chimarroides, BC. ex Sieb. Tr. 236 : from Florida specimens, reduced to
Nnttall’s species.— Less hairy than the preceding, leaves usually narrow, and berry of dif-
ferent shape. Leaves 4"-2" long, 12"'-8'" broad, rusty in drying, tapering into a short
petiole ; stipules 5"'-3'", corolla 24"' long ; anthers often exserted ; berry 2'" long, 1'"
broad. — Hab. Bahamas !, Steams. ; Jamaica!,^/.,- Antigua!, Wullschl., Dominica !, Imr.,
S. Vincent !, Guild. ; Trinidad !, Sieb. ; [Florida 1 ; Cuba !, French islands !].

Sect. 3. Mapouiuopsis. — Pyrence smooth, involute at the commissure. Albumen campy-

lospermous, overlapping the projection of the pyrence. — Stipules deciduous, leaving a very

short base. Panicles terminal : clusters distant, minutely bracteolate, most terminal on

spreading branches.

127. P. feetida, Gr. Shrubby, glabrous, variegated-glaucous; branches cylindrical,
smooth ; leaves chartaceous, ovate-oblong, bluntish, rounded at the base : veins costate,
distant : persistent base of the stipules rusty-hairy ; panicle peduncled, lax : branches 5-3-
nate ; calyx-limb 5-dentate, at length 5 -partite ; corolla-lobes twice shorter than the tube;
anthers oblong ; berry smooth, ellipsoidal-oblong, crowned with the calyx-limb. — P. foctens,
Sw., partim : Shakspcare’s specimen (in lib. Bks.) belongs to tin's, Swartz’s own (in lib.
Stockb.) to P. Brownei. — Leaves 8"-3" long, 4"— 1-4" broad, shining, glaucous-black in dry-
ing, variegated with dark spots beneath : petiole 2"-4" long ; panicle as long ns the leaves :
clusters many-flowered, usually 6"'-12"' distant from each other; corolla 14'", berry 3'"
Jong, — Hab. Jamaica!, Pd., Al., Wils., rare on shady rocks, S. Katherine’s, S. Anns, S.
Thomas J. E.

RUBIACEiE.

343

Sect. 4. Eupsychotria. — Fyrence involute by a large furrow at the commissure , 5-3-

cristate or -angled, rarely smooth. Albumen of Mapouriopsis. — Stipules persistent, gemi-
nate or 2-fid. Panicles terminal : flowers clustered.

* Bracts large, exceeding the calyx. (Nonatelia, Sw.)

128. P. brachiata, Sw. ! Shrubby, glabrous ; branches slightly 4-gonal ; leaves char-
taceous, elliptical-oblong or lanceolate-oblong, pointed, arch-veined : stipules united at the
base, each shortly 2-fid, persistent ; panicle peduncled, hairy: branches spreading, 3 -clus-
tered and involucrate at the top : bracteoles ovate, shortly exceeding the calyx; corolla
glabrescent within : lobes puberulous, shorter than the infundibular tube ; anthers oblong,
included ; berry ovoid, crowned with the subentire calyx-limb : pyrense 5-cristate. — P. capi-
tellata, DC. ? — 6'-8' high ; leaves 4"-5", petioles 3"'-6"', stipules 3"', corolla 2\"' long ;
flowers straw-coloured ; berries indigo-blue. — Hab. Jamaica !, all coll., in woods ; Trinidad !,
Loc/ch. ; [Cuba!].

129. P. arcuata, Benth. Shrubby; branches slightly compressed-4-gonal, puberulous
or glabrate ; leaves chartaeeous, elliptical-oblong, pointed : veins costate, numerous : stipules
united at the base, two on each side, linear-acuminate, nearly as long as the petioles, per-
sistent ; panicle peduncled, corymbiform-trichotomous : bracteoles oblong -linear, exceeding
the calyx; corolla glabrous, pilose within: lobes shorter than the clavate tube; anthers
linear, included. — Leaves T'-5", petioles 6"'-3'", stipules 6"'— 4'", corolla 2f" long. — Hab.
Trinidad !, Lockh., Sch. ; [Guiana !].

** Bracteoles small or inconspicuous.

130. P. pubescens, Sw. Shrubby ; branches cylindrical, smooth, constricted below
the nodes, puberulous ; leaves membranaceous, elliptical or lanceolate-oblong, costate-veiny,
puberulous beneath : stipules united at the base, 2 or several on each side, subulate, as long
as their sheath, persistent ; panicle peduncled, pubescent, pyramidal : branches terminated
with cymules and sessile alar flowers : bracteoles linear , shorter than the calyx ; corolla
with hair-tufts at the throat : lobes shorter than the tube ; anthers linear ; berry roundish,
contracted at the commissure, smooth : py rente 4-angled. — P. scabriuscula, Barll. ! — 10 -
12' high ; leaves 6"-4" long, variable : stipules 1"' long above the sheath ; corolla greenish-
straw-coloured ; berry 2"' broad. — Hab. Jamaica!, all coll., common; [Cuba!, Mexico!,
Panama !].

131. P. pedunculata, Sw. Shrubby or arboreous, glabrous below the puberulous
panicle; branches slightly compressed-4-gonal ; leaves membranaceous, elliptical-oblong,
pointed, arch-veined : stipules united, 2 on each side, small, deltoid, shorter than their
truncate sheath, persistent ; panicle long-peduncled, corymbiform, usually 5-raycd : peduncle
as long as the leaves : branches terminated with cymules and sessile alar flowers : bracteoles
minute, lanceolate-, corolla slender, filiform-clavate, glabrous at the throat : lobes half as
long as the tube ; anthers linear ; berry roundish, contracted at the commissure : pyremc
5-angled.— 16'-20' high ; leaves 5"-3" long ; corolla yellow, 4"' long ; berry 3'" broad. —
— Hab. Jamaica !, all coll., in mountain-woods ; Barbadoes !, Lane.

132. P. corymbosa, Sw. Shrubby, glabrous ; branches subcylindrical ; leaves charta-
ceous, lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate, acuminate : veins distant : stipules united at the
base, 2 on each side, small, deltoid, longer than their annular sheath, marcescent ; panicle
peduncled, trichotomous, corymbiform: branches coloured, terminated with cymules and
sub3essilc alar flowers: bracteoles lanceolate, shorter than the calyx ; calyx-limb 5(-4)-
partite; corolla glabrous at the throat : lobes half as long as the campanulate tube; anthers
linear; berry roundish, contracted at the commissure: pyrente 3-5 -angled .—Leaves 3"-2"
long; corolla purple, 24'" long; berry purple, 24'" broad.— IIab. Jamaica!, all coll., iuthe
Blue Mountains, from 4000' upwards.

133. P. patens, Sw. / Shrubby, glabrous ; branches cylindrical, subconstricted below the
noues ; leaves chartaeeous, elliptical-oblong or elliptical, pointed, arch-veined : stipules united
at the Base, l on each side, linear-acuminate, much longer than their sheath , persistent; pani-
c e ony-pcduncled, corymb form : branches coloured, terminated with scorpioid cynics and
sessile alar (lowers : bracteoles lanceolate-linear, as long as or a little exceeding the calyx ;
corolla glabrous at the throat : lobes half as long ns the clavate tube ; anthers linear ; berry

344

RTJBIACE7E.

roundish, contracted at the commissure, transversely rugulose : pyrense 5-angled. — Leaves
4"-3", stipules l"'-2'" long above their sheath ; corolla white, 2"' long ; berry black, 2"'-V"
broad. — Hab. Jamaica!, Sw., Wits., in the mountains; [Cuba!].

134. P. cornig-era, Bentli. I Shrubby, glabrous ; branches smooth, cylindrical or com-
pressed-cylindrical, subconstricted below the nodes ; leaves chartaceous, ovate or elliptical-
oblong, pointleted, costate-veiny : stipules united at the base, 2 on each side , subulate ,
longer than their sheath ; panicle sessile or shortly peduncled, corymbiform, often bearded
at ‘ the ramifications ; cymes contracted : bracteoles setaceous , minute or inconspicuous ;
corolla subcylindrical, villous at the throat : lobes corniculate, as long as the tube ; berry
biglobose, smooth. — Leaves 6"— 4", stipules V" long above the sheath ; corolla 1 V" long ;
berry 2'" broad. — Hab. Trinidad !, Lockh. ; [Guiana!].

Sect. 5. Strempelia, Bentli. — Pyrence separating from each other in the axis, slightly

incurved at the commissure, obsoletely 5- cristate , or k-f arrowed, or smooth on the back.

Albumen devoid of furrows on the concave or jlattish commissural side. — Stipules sub-

cartilaginous, wholly, or their sheath marcescent. Flowers in terminal, peduncled cymes.

135. P. nutans, Sw. ! Shrubby, glabrous ; leaves membranaceous, lanceolate or
spathulate-lanceolate, bluntish, arch-veined : stipules small, cartilaginous, deltoid, 2 on each
side or combined-rumpent ; cyme 3-rayed, few-flowered : flowers clustered, minutely brac-
teolate ; calyx-limb produced, subentire, longer than the tube ; corolla-lobes one-third as
long as the tube ; berry globose: pyrenre smooth or slightly 5-cristate. — Leaves 4"-2''long,
gradually tapering into the petiole ; berries 2'" diam., cernuous. — Hab. Antigua!, Wullschl. ;
[Cuba !, Haiti !].

136. P. horizontalis, Sw. Shrubby, glabrous , branches spreading ; leaves membra-
naceous, elliptical or elliptical-oblong , pointed, arcli-veined, bearded at the vein-axils be-
neath : stipules roundish, denticulate, single on each side, marcescent, v\ith the teeth decidu-
ous, at length cartilaginous ; cyme twice 3-rayed, few-flowered : flowers clustered ; calyx-
limb produced, minutely denticulate, longer than the tube ; corolla salver-shaped, tranversely
plaited at the glabrous throat: lobes one- third as long as the tube; berry ovate-globose,
at length nearly smooth. — 3'-4' high; leaves l£"-3" long; corolla-tube 2V" long ; berries
2'" diam., erect. — Hab. Antigua!, Wullschl., S. Vincent !, Guild.; [Haiti, on limestone,
Guadeloupe ;, Martinique !, Sieb. Mart. 76 ; Guiana !].

137. P. parasitica, Sw. Trailing-radicant, shrubby, glabrous ; leaves succulent, ovate
or ovate-lanceolate, pointed : veins inconspicuous, more approximate below the middle of the
midrib : stipules connate-tubular, chartaceous ; cymes trichotomous, few-flowered : flowers
pedicellate, minutely bracteolate; calyx-limb 5-dentate, as long as the tube ; corolla “pubes-
cent at the throat lobes acuminate, shorter than the tube ; berry small, ovoid-globose :
pyrense nearly smooth. — Jacq. Amer. Piet. t. 73. — Branches subtetragonal above, hanging
from old trees; leaves 2"-r' long, rounded at the shortly petioled base; berry 1"'-1 V"
long, red. — Hab. S. Kitts, Montserrat, Dominica, S. Vincent !, Guild., in mountain-woods ,
[Cuba !, Portorico !, French islands !].

138. P. crassa, Bentli. ! Trailing, shrubby or arboreous (Per rot.), glabrous ; leaves
rigid, leathery , elliptical or elliptical-oblong, pointed, margined : veins inconspicuous
approximate below the middle of the midrib ; stipules connate-tubular, chartaceous ; cyme
trichotomous, corymbiform : flowers pedicellate, minutely bracteolate : calyx-limb 4-dentate,
shorter than the tube ; corolla “bearded at the throat lobes corniculate, nearly as long
as the tube ; berry-globose : pyrenm nearly smooth.— Nearly allied to the preceding. —
Leaves black in drying, 3"-l" long, subacute at the base ; berry 2"' diam— Hab. Dominica !,
Imr. , Trinidad!, Cr. ; [Cuba!, Guadeloupe!; Venezuela!, Guiana!].

139. P. Myrtiphyllum, Sw. Shrubby, diffuse, glabrous; leaves small, chartaceous,
elliptical or lanceolate : veins distant, delicate or inconspicuous : stipules combined at the
base, deltoid-roundish, chartaceous, deciduous, with a short base persistent ; cyme trichoto-
mous, as long as the leaves : pedicels filiform, as long as the calyx ; calyx-limb 5-deu!ate,
as long as the tube ; corolla villous at the throat : lobes shorter than the elavate tube ; berry
“ ovoid-oblong.” — SI. t. 209./. 2, — A fragrant, little shrub, l'-3' high ; leaves 1" (18"'-6"')
Ion", bluntish or acuminate, shortly petioled ; corolla whitish, 2'" long ; berry red.— Hab.
Jamaica !, Pd., At., Wils., March, Wullschl., Manchester, S. Anns; [Haiti!].

RUBIACEiE.

345

Of the other Swartziau Psychotria, three belong to Palicourea, and P. citrifolia is Rudgea
caribaa ; several "West Indian species of authors are unknown to me, and their description
too incomplete to be recognized : viz. P. laxa and involucrata, Sw., both neither found in
his own nor in the Banksiau collections ; P. Balbisiana, DC., and P. congesta, Spreng. : all
these came from Jamaica.

47. PALICOUREA, lull.

Character of Psychotria, but corolla oblique, often gibbous at the base or lobes unequal.
— Flowers in terminal, corymbiform, or thyreoid panicles.

Sect. 1. Crocothyrsus. — Pyrence a -cristate, involute at the commissure. Albumen
campy lospermovs, overlapping the projection of the pyrence.

* Stijniles persistent, 2 on each side, all united in a basilar sheath ; flowers pedicellate.

140. P. umbellata, DC. Glabrous ; intemodes cylindrical, uppermost tetragonal ;
leaves papery-membranaceous, elliptical-oblong or ovate, pointleted, petioled : stipules short,
subulate, as long as their sheath-, panicle corymbiform ; corolla powdery-glabrescent,
(2"'-3"' long) : tube clavate-cylindrical. — A shrub ; leaves shining above : stipules V" long ;
panicle l"-2" diam. : flowers white. — Hab. Trinidad !, Pd., Cr. ; [Guiana !, Miq. in PI.
Hostm.~\.

141. P. crocea, DC. Glabrous ; iuternodes cylindrical, or the uppermost subtetra-
gonal ; leaves chartaceous, elliptical or lanceolate-oblong, pointed, petioled : primary veins
regidarly curved : stipules linear-acuminate, longer than their very short sheath ; panicle
pyramidal, rarely corymbiform : branches orange-coloured ; corolla glabrous (4,,;— 6W long) :
tube clavate-cylindrical; berry ovate-rouudish, laterally subcompressed. — Br. Jam. t. 13.

1, 2 : analyt. — Psychotria, Sw. — A shrub ; stipules long? ; corolla orange-co-

loured ; stamens and style either exserted or subincluded, according to sexual distinctions of
the flowers, as in Psychotria.

a. Leaves elliptical or elliptical-oblong ; corolla 4s'" long, much gibbous at the base. —
P. croceoides. Ham. ?

£1. tenuiflora. Leaves elliptical-lanceolate or lanceolate-oblong : stipules V" long ; corolla
4"' long, slightly gibbous at the base. — Probably P. coccinea, DC.

y. riparia, Benth.! Panicle corymbiform ; corolla 6'" long, gibbous at the base. —
P. aurantiaca, Miq. I P. crocea, Mey. Esseq. !

IIab. Jamaica!, all coll, (a, f3) ; St. Vincent !, Guild.; Trinidad !, Lockh., Sieb. Tr. 28;
[Cuba 1 (£), Haiti ! (/?), Portorico ! (a, 13), French islands ! (a, y) ; Guiana ! (a, y), Vene-
zuela !, New Granada !].

142. P. alpina, BC. Internodes tetragonal, at length rounded on the angles; leaves
chartaceous, elliptical-oblong, pointed, pilose on the ribs beneath, or glabrescent, petioled :
primary veins parallel, slightly curved : stipules lanceolate-linear or linear, nearly as long
as the produced sheath; panicle pyramidal; corolla glabrous {rarely downy), { 6"'-8'"
long) : tube snbcylindrical, gibbous at the base : lobes ovate, short ; berry ovate-conical,
laterally subcompressed.— Psychotria, Sw. ! P. mexicana, Benth. ! P. crocea, Schlechtend.
m PI. Schiedel— A shrub, 5'-10' high; stipules V"-2\w long: sheath l"'-2"' long;
corolla purplish-yellow (or “ white ”) ; berry 3"' diam.— Hab. Jamaica!, all coll., common
in the eastern mountains ; Dominica !, Imr, ; [Cuba ! : a form with shaggy flowers, i. e.
-P. eriantha , DC.; Mexico ! to Ecuador!].

143. P. pulchra, Gr. (n. spl). Glabrous; internodes cylindrical, smooth : leaves char-
taceous, elliptical-oblong or lanceolate-oblong, pointleted, petioled : primary veins curved :
stipules lanceolate-linear, longer than the short sheath ; panicle lax, corymbiform ; corolla
y abrous (1 -1£" long) -. tube subcylindrical, ventricose-gibbous at the base, 6 times as long
as e oblong, revolute-spreading lobes. — A beautiful shrub, 6' high, the summit of which is

looping {At) : confounded by Swartz fin the Bks. Coll.) with the preceding, but habit of a
sen cr- ou ered Hanielia ; stipules 1'" long; flowers often abortive; corolla rosy; style
ong-exser ed . stigma minute, emarginate.— Hab. Jamaica 1, all coll., in the woods of the
interior, Manchester, S. Anns, at 1800'-2000' alt.

340

RUBIACEvE.

** Stipules deciduous, bident ate ; flowers ternatehj clustered.

144. P. Pavetta, DC. Glabrous ; internodes cylindrical, smooth ; leaves membrana-
ceous, lanceolate-oblong or elliptical-oblong, pointed, petioled : primary veins curved, distant :
stipules minute, subdistinct : lobes deltoid ; panicle corymbiform : flowers iernate, subscs-
sile at the top of its branches ; corolla glabrous, salver-shaped : tube (6'" long) filiform-cla-
vate, slightly curved : lobes unequal, oblong-lanceolate, subacute, one-third as long as the
tube; berry subglobose, laterally subcompressed. — Plum. Pd. Burra, t. 156 .f. 1. SI. t.
202 .f. 2: bad. — Psychotria, Sw. Pavetta pentandra, Sw.l — A shrub, 6' high: habit of
Faramea, but berry of Crocothyrsus ; flowers white, odorous. — Hab. Jamaica!, Pd., At.,
Wits., Wullschl., iu mountain-woods, Hanover, Manchester, S. Anns ; Antigua !, Wullschl. ;
[Cuba ! ; French islands !].

Sect. 2. Stephanium. — Berry globose, nearly smooth : pyrenes flat at the commissure.

Albumen orthospermous : test corrugate-loose. — Stipules single in the axils, 2-lobed,

united at the base, persistent.

145. P. guianensis, Aubl. Glabrous ; internodes cylindrical, uppermost subtetrago-
nal ; leaves large, oval-oblong : veins costate : petiole exceeding the shortly 2-lobed stipules ;
panicle thyrsoid, long-peduncled : flowers pedicellate, numerous; corolla pimpled-pubescent,
clavate (5"'-6ln long) : lobes short, slightly unequal. — Aubl. t. 66. — Psychotria Palicourea,
Sw. — A shrub or tree; leaves 12"-5", stipules 4"'-3"' long; flowers yellow; berry H "
diam. — Hab. Trinidad !, Sch., Lockh., Cr., common in ravines ; [Panama !, Guiana I, equat.
Brazil !].

48. CEPHAELIS, Sw.

Flowers of Psychotria, but capitate : receptacle involucrate, paleaceous. Berry 2-py-
renous : py reuse obtusely 5 -ribbed or smooth. Albumen cartilaginous. Shrubs or herbs;
stipules connate-sheathing at the base, persistent ; flower-heads single, usually terminal.

Sect 1. Tapogomea, DC. — Berry nearly smooth: pyrence and albumen flat, or slightly

incurved at the commissure. — Involucral bracts connate at the base, spreading, coloured.

146. C. tomentosa, W. Shrubby, shaggy on the younger parts; internodes cylindri-
cal ; leaves elliptical or elliptical-oblong, poiutleted ; stipules much longer than their sheath,
2 on each side, lanceolate-subulate, long-acuminate ; flower-heads terminal, peduncled : seg-
ments of the involucre large, cordate or ovate, pointed (or rounded), much exceeding the
flowers. — Aubl. t. 61.— Tapogomea, Aubl.— Leaves 8"-4", stipules 6"' long : flower-head
12,,,-6m diam. ; involucre crimson, flowers yellowish-white. A Bogota specimen with long-
exserted stamens proves the identity of Carapichea and Cephaelis. Hab. Irimdad ., S/eb.
Tr. 41, Lockh., Sch., Cr., in moist woods; [Mexico! to Guiana!, equat. Brazil!, and
Peru !].

147. C. punicea, V. (1796). Shrubby, glabrous; internodes tetragonal, leaves ellip-

tical-oblong, with a short, bluntish point : stipules as long as their sheath, axillary, rounded,
obtusely 2-lobed, spreading ; flower-heads terminal, long-peduncled : segments of the invo-
lucre 2, large, broadly ovate, bluntish, much exceeding the flowers. — C.clata, Sw 12 _ 15

high ; leaves 6"-3", stipules 2'" long ; flower-head 8"'-6"' diam. ; involucre purple.— Hab.
Jamaica !, Pd., March, in high mountains ; [Guadeloupe ; New Granada !].

Sect 2. Calhcocca, DC. — Pyrena obtusely b-ribbed, involute at the commissure Albumen
campy lospermous, overlapping the projection of the pyrence. Involucral bracts distiuct oi
nearly so, as long as or shorter than the flowers.

148 C. Swartzii, DC. Shrubby, glabrous; uppermost internodes tetragonal; leaves
elliptical-oblong, poiutleted : slipular sheath truncate (or 2-fid) spreading many-awned,
with the awns rigid, deciduous; flower-heads terminal, peduncled : bracts 5, oval e-round-
ish • pale® rounded at the top or obsoletely lobed.— C. violacca, Sw. (non Aubl.).— Leaves
5»_3" peduncle 1" long ; flower-heads 5"'— 10'" diam. ; bracts, flowers, and berries blue.—
Hab. Dominical, Imr., S. Lucia, in mountain-woods; [Guadeloupe 1, Martinique!, Sieb.

Mart. 84].

RUBIACE2E.

347

149. C. muscosa, Sw. Shrubby or arboreous, glabrous ; internodes cylindrical, up-
permost subtetragonnl ; leaves shortly petioled, lanceolate-oblong or elliptical -oblong, acumi-
nate: stipular sheath truncate, spreading, with several deciduous, rigid awns ; Jlower-heads
terminal, subsessile : bracts and palere quadrate-oblong, cut at the summit. — Jacq. Amer.
Piet. t. 66. — Morinda, Jacq. — 15' high ; leaves 4"-3", peduncle 2"' long or none ; flower-
beads 3"'-6"' diam. ; bracts pale-blue, flowers white, berries blue. — Hab. S. Vincent !, Guild.;
Trinidad !, Pd., Lockh ., Or., in shady woods and ravines ; [Martinique, Guiana !, equat.
Brazil !].

150. C. axillaris. S/a. Shrubby, glabrous ; interuodes obtusely subtetragonal ; leaves
long-petioled, lanceolate-obloug or elliptical, pointleted : stipules as long as their sheath,
ovate, 2-lobed, awnless ; jlower-heads mostly axillary, sessile: bracts roundish, exceeded by
the flowers : palece obovate, lacerate and ciliate at the summit. — Leaves 5"— 3", petiole 12"'—
6 " long ; flower-heads 6"'-10"' diam. ; berry subglobose : furrows between the convex juga
narrow. Hab. S. Kitts, Dominica !, Imr. ; [Guadeloupe ; New Granada ! ; Venezuela ! ;
Guiana !].

49. MORINDA, L.

Calyx-limb short, denticulate, or subentire : tubes concrete. Corolla infundibular :
lobes 5 (4-7), valvate. Stamens inserted into the corolla-tube. Stigma 2-fid. Ovary 2-
celled : cells 1 -ovulate : ovules erect or attached above the base. Syncarpium baccate. Al-
bumen fleshy. Radicle inferior. — Moody plants ; flower-heads peduncled : receptacle glo-
bose.

151. M. Royoc, L. Shrubby, glabrous or glabrescent : branches cylindrical; leaves
lanceolate-oblong, pointed : stipules subulate ; flower-heads small, single in the axils or ter-
minal, exceeding in length the short peduncle; syncarpium globose.— Jacq. H. Vind.J. 16.
Desc. FI. 2. t. .129.— 1' high ; leaves 3"-2", peduncles S'"— 1,,/ long ; flowers white, odorous ;
syncarpium 4 -6 diam. — Hab. Jamaica!, all coll., along the seacoast ; [Cuba!, Haiti !].

152*. M. citrifolia, L. Arborescent, glabrous ; branchlets tetragonal ; leaves elliptical,
large: stipules roundish; flower-heads leaf-opposed or axillary, nearly as long as their short
peduncle ; syncarpium subglobose. — M. macrophylla, Desf. — Leaves pointed or blunt, 6"~8,/
peduncles 6 -8 long ; syncarpium 1" diam.— Hab. Naturalized in Jamaica !, March, and
in the Caribbean islands! ; [introduced from the East Indies!].

50. GEOPIIILA, Lon.

Calyx-limb 5(-4)-partite : segments narrow, rccurved-sprcadiug. Corolla salver-shaped •
lobes valvate. Stamens inserted into the corolla-tube, included. Stigma 2-fid. Ovary 2-
celled : cells 1-ovulate : ovules erect. Berry 2-pyreuous, slightly angular. Albumen carti-
aginous, flat at the commissure. — Creeping, radicant herbs; leaves long-petioled, cordate :
stipules single, undivided ; peduncles terminal, bearing contracted, few-dowered, umbel li-
form cymes.

153. G. reniformis, Lon. Leaves as long as broad, rounded or bluntish at the top,
with a narrow basilar sinus, glabrescent, glabrous beneath : petiole shaggy on the upper
side ; peduucles 3(-2-6)-flowered : bracts linear, acuminate, nearly as long as the pedicel.—
■ acq Amer. Piet. t. 67. Puss. FI. 1. 1. 8.— Psychotria herbacea, A.— Flowers white, berry
s-arlet Hab. Jamaica!, Pd., List., March, in moist woods, creeping among roots; Do-
minica !, Imr. ; [Cuba ! and Mexico ! to Brazil ! ; Pacific islands !, East ludics i]

val

51. ERNODEA, Sw.

4-6-partitc ; segments lanceolate-acuminate. Corolla salver-shaped ; lobes
celled JlT”mTrted ’?t0 *he corolla-tube, exserted. Stigma emargiuate. Ovary 2-
carU la<fl noils .ilf V.0" ,9 1?terIall-v attached- . Br“Pe 2-pyrenous, smooth. Albumen
branches tetrannnl. rowud at the flat commissure. — A decumbent, glabrous shrub;

sheathina lobed “n’n < aVC3 e. ,I>l'l?a^ancf0^ale< rigid, sessile, pungent ; stipules connate-
s/ieat fling, lobed ; flowers sessile, single in the axils, yellowish.

E. litoralis, Sio. 6 /. t. 189. f. 1, 2 ; Swv Fl% t. 4. f, inf. : analyt . — Leaves np-

2 A

348

RUBIACE2E.

proximate, margined, 3-5-nerved, IS'7'— 6"' long; drupe subglobose, yellow, size of a pea. —
Hab. Bahamas \, Swains., Hjalmars., in calcareous soil along the seacoast; Jamaica!, Pd.,
S. Anns ; [Florida ! to Guadeloupe !].

Subtribe 6. CEPSALANTHE2E. — Ovules pendulous. Seeds albuminous : embryo in-
cluded. Pericarp dry. Corolla-lobes imbricative. — Inflorescence contracted.

52. MACFIAONIA, Bon.pl.

Calyx-limb 5-4-partite. Corolla infundibular : lobes slightly imbricative. Stamens in-
serted into the corolla-throat : anthers oval. Stigma bluntly 2-fid. Fruit dicoccous, obcu-
neate-prismatical : cocci indehiscent, coriaceous, separating from a central simple carpophore :
seeds pendulous. Albumen fleshy. — Shrubs, often spiny: hairs short, incurved; stipules
interpetiolar, single, undivided ; cymes corymbiform, terminal: flow era pedicellate.

155. M. rotundata, Or. in. sp .). Nearly unarmed; hranchlets puberulous; leaves
petioled, ovate-rounded, bluntish or mucronate, glabrous : stipules subulate ; cymes tricho-
toinous, contracted ; pedicels pubescent, clustered, shorter than the calyx-tube ; calyx-lobes
5, oval, shorter than the tube ; corolla villous at the throat ; filaments as long as the corolla-
lobes ; carpids glabrescent, oblong -linear, tapering at the base, 3-gonal.— Neaily allied to
(and- perhaps not sufficiently distinguished from) M. acuminata, Bonpl., which is more
downy, has more pointed leaves, and smaller, pubescent carpids. 10-12 high; leaves
3"-2" long, 2i"-H" broad ; panicle subfastigiate, 3"-4" broad; corolla 2"' long, o-clett
nearly to the middle; fruit 31" long, 1'" broad.— Hab. Jamaica!, Macf., Pd., Wils., in
swampy marshes along the coast, S. Thomas i. E.

156. M. cymosa, Gr. Spinescent; cymiferous hranchlets pilose, short, often forming
a racamiform panicle ; leaves petioled, ovate, blunt or bluntish, glabrescent : stipules minute,
deltoid-subulate ; cymes simply corymbiform, hispid-pilose : inferior pedicels as long as e
campanulate calyx ; calyx-lobes 4, lanceolate, acuminate, fi length as long as t e u]e>
corolla hairy at the throat ; anthers subsessile ; carpids pilose, 3-gonal, tapering from, ike
summit to the base. -SI. t. 174. f. 3, 4.-Lippia, Sw /-Habit of Spirceaf hamcednfoha :
branches slender; leaves 6"'-12'" long; cymes 8"'-12'" diam. ; corolla 2 long, 4-cleft to
one-third ; fruit 2"' long, 1'" broad at the summit.-HAB. Jamaica !, Sw., Macf., At., in tlie
southern districts, Liguana hills, Al., S. Jago savannah, Clarendon, {SI.).

Subtribe 7. SPEBMACOCEJE- Ovules laterally attached. Pericarp dry. Seeds albu-
minous: embryo included, radicle inferior. Corolla-lobes vcdvate.—* Stem usually her-
baceous ; stipules connecting opposite leaves, divided into bristles, rarely obso ete.

53. DIODIA, L.

Calyx-limb 4-2(-10)-partite, persistent. Corolla infundibular : lobes 4, valvate Stigma
emarginate or 2-fid. Fruit 2-coccous : cocci indehiscent. Seeds furrowed at the commis-
sure.— Stem herbaceous or suffrutescent ; flowers axillary, sessile.

-j- Leaves sessile, veinless.

157 D prostrata, Sw. ! Annual, strigose; leaves linear, veinless, sessile, revolute
at the margin : stipular bristles setaceous, longer than their sheath ; flowers subsolitary m
the axils • calyx-lobes 4, deltoid-lanceolate, bluntish, much shorter than the carpids; corolla-

Tl; fruit subglobose, slightly heeled, hard,

L. (non Au'ct.J, ex syn. Lcefl.— Slender, spithamcous ; corolla 2 ‘ ’

carpids eeostate on the sides.-HAB. Jamaica!, Sw., M‘Nab, in sandy fields; [Mexico to

Panama!]. , ,. , ,

158 ». rigida, Cham. Schlecht.l Perennial, suffrutescent; stems ascending, tetra-
gonal hairy of glabrescent ; leaves lanceolate, acuminate with a terminal bristle, veinless,
sessile antrorsely scabrous on the revolute margin and midrib beneath : stipular bristles long-

[Cuba !, Haiti ! ; Panama! to Uruguay !] .

RUBIACE2E.

349

ft Leaves rugose-veiny, shortly petioled.

159. D. sarmentosa, Sw. Suffrutescent, flaccid-seandent ; stem obtusely tetragonal ;
leaves oblong-lanceolate, pointed, shortly petioled, rugose-veiny with 4-5-jugal, curved veins,
scabrous: stipular bristles setaceous -hairy ; axils 5-few-flowered ; calyx-lobes 4, lanceolate,
one-half or one-third, as long as the carpids ; corolla-tube short, nearly as long as the
calyx-limb ; fruit ovoid-oblong, ecostale, glabrate, hard. — Spermacoce spinosa, Loejl. {non
Jacq., non Sw.). Jacquin’s species, called in his coloured edition S. havanensis, is probably
my Machaonia niicrophylla, PI. Wright, while neither Losfling’s nor Swartz’s plants are
spiny. Borreria Perrotetii, DC., according to Miquel’s (not Beuthatn’s) determination, is
also probably a synonym. — Often confounded with Bprrera Bartlingiana, but easily dis-
tinguished by its impressed leaf-veins, and a true Diodia. Stem rough on the angles, usually
hairy or glabrescent; leaves 14"-1", stipular bristles about 2"'loug; corolla white, 14'"
long ; fruit perfectly smooth on the convex back of the carpids, 2'" long. — IIab. Jamaica !,
Boner., Al., March, among shrubs, in arid soil ; Trinidad 1, Cr. ; [Guiana !, Brazil 1 to S.
Katherine !].

54. SPERMACOCE, L.

Character of Diodia, but one of the two carpids dehiscent along the margin of the com-
missure, the other closed by the dissepiment.

160. S. tenuior, Lam. {non LI). Annual; stem obtuse-angled, puberulous or gla-
brescent; leaves lanceolate (or lanceolate-linear), acuminate, scabrous above or near the
margin : stipular bristles filiform, longer than their sheath ; axils many (—few) -flowered ; calyx-
teeth minute, deltoid, much shorter than the carpid, three on the closed, the fourth on the
open one, or obsolete; fruit obovate-oblong : seeds minutely roughish. — SI. t. 94 .f. 2; Lam.
III. t. 94./. 1, S. stricta, L. {non Ro.vb.) : from the cultivated plant. Borrera sexangularis,
Cham. Schlecht. ! ex Sieb. Mart. 47 : a flaccid form, with broad, glabrescent leaves, and
long petioles. . S. longifolia, Bartl. ! : the same form. — I adopt Lamarck’s name, though
Linnseus s original species (founded upon Dill. Elth. f. 359), from its habitat, would be S.
glabra, Mich. : for he confounded it with Ltciliug’s homonym, which is probably Borrera
Icevis the obscure synonymy of which may so far be cleared up, that the latter has trans-
versely furrowed seeds. Extremely variable ; seeds slightly rugulose with points and several
transverse winkles, but devoid of continuous furrows.— Hab. Jamaica !, M‘Nab, Al., a weed ;
Antigua!, Wullschl, Triuidad ! ; [Cuba! and Mexico! to Brazil! and Peru!].

55. BORRERA, Miq.

Character of Diodia, but both carpids equally dehiscent along the inner surface.— In-
ilorcsccncc whorled and capitate, vavely cyinose.

Sect. 1. Hemuhtea. Capsule septicide above the middle, with the dissepiment persistent

below it.

Gr\ ,A.nnual> herbaceous or suffrutescent, glabrescent ; stem subcylin-
• I ,• .' unguai; leaves elliptical-lanceolate or lanceolate, acuminate: veins 5-1-

junal : stipular bristles setaceous, glabrous, shorter than, or as long as their vroduced
sheath - flower-whorls and heads many-flowered; calyx-teeth 4, minute equal ovate blunt; A,

inccnti, build. ; Irmidadl, Lockh.l [Cuba!, Portorico !, Guadeloupe I],

SM.2.tonom..-C<,fnle Kjdieide to the lost, with the dmeptmmt daappoarin,.

ceolate or dUill/ uAi )nnuftl. glabrescent j stem tetragonal; leaves oblong.Inn.

bristle, b-jngal , sllj.nla.

2 a

350

RUBIACEiE.

— IIab. Jamaica !, Wils., March., uncommon in the lower mountains; Antigua!, Wullschl.,
Dominica !, Imr., in savannahs, S. Vincent !, Guild. ; Trinidad !, Loc/c/i., Sch., Cr., in fields ;
[French islands ! ; Guatemala! to Peru ! and Brazil!].

163. B. Bartlingiana, DC.! Annual, stout, suffrutescent; stem tetragonal; leaves
elliptical, elliptical-oblong, or ovate, acute or bluntish, pilose with scattered down, shortly
petioled or subsessile : veins 7-5-jugal : stipular bristles setaceous, scabrous, longer than
their sheath; flower-whorls many-flowered; calyx-teeth 4, deltoid-lanceolate, equal, one-
fourth to one-tldrd as long as the obovate fruit ; seeds oval, minutely dolled: furrow
large. — Bigelowia alata, Barll. ! Borr. Perrotetii, Benth. ! ( non Miq). B. Fockeaua, Miq. I
B. tetraptera, Miq. ! — Leaves 3"-8w, long ; heads 4w-6m diam. — Hab. Trinidad !, Lockh.,
Cr.; [Mexico!, Venezuela!, Guiana 1],

164. B. simplex, Gr. Rooting at the base, flaccid, glabrescent ; stem tetragonal ;
leaves lanceolate, pointed, subsessile, ciliate : veins 5-jugal : stipular bristles linear, ciliate,
longer than then' sheath; axils 1-floicered ; calyx-teeth 2, “ linear f at length obsolete;
fruit elliptical : seeds oval, rugulose. — Diodia, Sw. ! — Habit of Spermacoce tenuior . Stem
6"-8", leaves 1", fruit 2'" long.— Hab. Jamaica!, Sw., in the highest mountains, among
grasses.

165. B. verticillata, Mey. Perennial, suffrutescent, glabrous ; stem tetragonal ; leaves
linear-lanceolate, shortly acuminate, sessile: veins distant, sub-2-jugal; stipular bristles
setaceous, as long as or a little longer than their sheath ; heads and accessory whorls globose :
involucre 2-leaved ; calyx-teeth 2 (—4), lanceolate, bluntish, half as long as the ovate-oblong
fruit; seeds oblong -linear, roughish. — Spermacoce, Sw. — l'-P high ; leaves iy/— 1 long,
*3,"-2w broad; heads 6'" diam. : corolla small, white. — Hab. Jamaica!, all coll., in dry pas-
tures; [Haiti !, Mexico ! to Uruguay !].

166. B. spinosa, Cl am. Schlecht. Annual, rigid ; stem 4-keeled-subcylindrical : lceels
and leaf-ribs scabrous or somewhat muricaie ; leaves lanceolate-linear, bluntish at the acu-
minate top, sessile, scabrous on the margin: veius distant, 2-3-jugal: stipular bristles
setaceous, nearly as long as their sheath ; heads aud whorls many-flowered : involucre 4-8-
leaved ; calyx-teeth 2 (-4), lanceolate, acuminate, one-third as long as the oblong fruit ;
seeds oblong-linear, roughish. — Spermacoce, Sw. B. densiflora, DC. 1' high; leaves 2^ —
1" long, 4'"-2"' broad; heads 6'"-4'" diam.— Hab. Jamaica (Sw.), in fields of the northern
districts; [Martinique 1, Sieb. Mart. 272; Mexico !].

167. B. podocephala, DC. Suffrutescent, branched, glabrous or glabrescent; stem
slender, tetragonal at the summit ; leaves linear, tapering-sessile : veins obsolete : stipular
bristles setaceous, nearly as long as their sheath ; heads small, many-flowered : whorls none
(or rare) : involucre 2(-4)-leaved ; calyx-teeth 2, deltoid or lanceolate, one-fourth to one-
third as Iona as the minute, obovate-oblong fruit ; seeds oblong -linear, roughish. 1-3
high; leaves l"-4"' long, H"H"' broad ; heads 2"'-3"' diam— Hab. Antigua !, Wullschl.,
on the seashore, Dominica !, Imr, in savannahs ; [Cuba !, Desirade !, Texas !, Mexico .J.

168. B. tliymifolia, Gr. (n. sp). -Suffrutescent, diffuse ; branches low, tetragonal,
scabrous on the edges; leaves thicldsh, recurved, linear, channelled-tfiquetrous, pungent,
sessile, glabrous, minutely ciliate, fascicled in the axils : veins inconspicuous : stipules subu-
late, ciliate, with the point as long as the sheath ; flowers all terminal m few-flowered
heads, supported by the uppermost leaf-pair ; calyx-teeth 2, oblong-lanceolate, pointed,
thicldsh, half as long as the corolla, longer than the obovate-oblong fruit, 2 accessory seta-
ceous, or none; seeds oblong, smooth. — Habit of B. ericifolia, but from its stipules ap-
proaching Anthospermece. Stem with short internodes, resembling a Mediterranean Ihymus ;
leaves 2'"-l"' long : stipules minute, pointed, or pungent, sometimes cut, but devoid ot
bristles, the hairs being as small as on the leaf-margin ; calyx-lobes connected above the
ovary into a ciliate sheath ; corolla-tube filiform-clavate, 2 long, thrice as long as the lo jes ;
anthers 4, obloug, incumbent : filaments short, inserted into the throat ; style shortly 2-hd :
stigmas clavate; capsule small, glabrous; seeds furrowed on the mner side.— Hab. Baha-
mas !, Hjalmars., Turk Islands.

56. MITRACARrUM, Zucc.

Character of Diodia, but capsule circuinscissile about the middle.

169. Va. villosum, Cham. Schlecht. Annual; stem simple or fcw-branchcd, villous-

RUBIACE/E.

351

pubescent at the summit ; leaves oblong or lanceolate ; flower-whorls and heads mauy-
tlowered ; 2 segments of the calyx-limb, rigid, subulate-lanceolate, longer than the capsule, 2
shorter; seeds oval, i-lobed by the cross-shaped furrow. — Jacq. Ic. Far. t. 308. Sper-
macoce hirta, Jacq. ( non Sw.). S. villosa, Sw. — Habit of Borrera parviflora. TIab. Ja-
maica!, A/., TFils., Wullschl. ; Dominica!, Imr. ; S. Vincent!, Guild.; [Cuba! and Mexico!
to Ecuador ! and Venezuela !].

57. RICHARDSONIA, Klh.

Calyx-limb 6 -4 (-7-3) -partite, deciduous. Corolla infundibular : lobes 6-4(-3)-valvate.
Stigma 3-4-fid. Fruit 3-4-coccous -. cocci indehiscent, furrowed on the inner side, at length
concrete with the seed. — Diffuse, pubescent herbs ; flowers in terminal heads : involucre
4-leaved.

170. R. scabra, L. ( sub Richardia). Stem pilose; leaves lanceolate-oblong or ellip-
tical : stipular bristles as long as or shorter than their sheath ; heads many-flowered : calyx-
lobes &,foliaceous, ovate-deltoid, as long as the truncate-obovate, murieate 3 (—4) carpids. —
S. HU. PI. Us. t. 8. — Our form flowers from the first year ; corolla white, 6-lobed; stamens
exserted. — Hab. Jamaica!, Mac/., March; [Mexico! to Brazil!].

58. PERAMA, Audi.

Calyx-limb 2-partite, persistent on the valves. Corolla infundibular : lobes 4-5, valvate.
Style filiform, subentire. Capsule 3-celled, obliquely 2-vaived, septicide on one, loculicidc
on the other side, with the dissepiment persistent : seeds triquetrous. — Annual, slender herbs ;
leaves opposite or ternate, sessile, palmatinerved : stipules obsolete ; flowers in terminal
peduncled heads.

171. P. hirsuta, Aubl. Hispid with scattered hairs ; stem divided above into pedun-
cles, or simple ; leaves opposite, ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, uppermost lanceolate ; flower-
heads ovoid ; calyx-teeth rigid, subulate-linear, as long as the corolla-tube, much longer than
the valves; corolla-lobes 4, pointed. — Aubl. t. 18. — Spithameous, leafy below the middle;
leaves 3"' long ; corolla yellow. — Hab. Trinidad!, Lockh.,Pd., Cr., in savannahs ; [Vene-
zuela !, Guiana !, Brazil !].

59. EMMEORRHIZA, Pohl.

Calyx-limb 4-partite, persistent. Corolla rotate : segments 4, valvate. Stigma 2-fid.
Fruit dicoccous : cocci dehiscent along the inner surface : seeds subcompressed, wholly aclnate
to the loose part of the membranaceous dissepiment, which projects on both ends like a tail.
— A scaudent, suffrutescent, glabrous herb ; flowers in terminal, panicled umbels.

172. E. brasiliensis, Pohl. Habit of Galium-, leaves oblong-lanceolate, acuminate,
petioled, 2"-l long : stipular bristles shorter than their produced sheath ; calyx-lobes
lanceolate ; capsule clavate, l"1 long. — Hab. Trinidad !, Loclch., Cr., in the northern hills,
Fort Scorge, S. Anns; [Venezuela!, New Granada !, Peru !, Brazil! to S. Katherine!].

SumiiiiiE 8. STELLATAE. — Character of Spcrmacoccrc, but leaves whorled, exstipulate.

Pericarp dry or baccate.

60. GALIUM, L.

Calyx-limb obsolete. Corolla rotate : segments 4(-3), valvate. Anthers ovoid-globose.
Stigmas globose. Fruit didymous. Albumen cartilaginous.

Sect. Relbunium, Endl. Fruit baccate. — Perennial herbs ; inflorescence axillary :
pedicels bearing a 4-lcaved iuvoluce at the summit.

I™.-,®- Rypocarpium, Endl. Diffuse, pilose or glabrescent; leaves 4 in the whorl,
oval-oblong, or lanceolate-oblong, 1-nerved ; pedicels single, exceeded by the leaves : flowers
yc low, supported by the elliptical involucel-leaves. — Valantia, L. Rubia, DC. R. guade-
‘d>r': a glabrescent form, with larger, scabrous -ciliate leaves. — 1 '-6' high; leaves
’ ■ .!Ug ’ berry hairy (or glabrescent), 1 broad. — Hab. Jamaica!, all coll., a common

weed in the mountains, c.g. S. Anns, at 4000' alt. ; Dominica !, Imr. ; [Haiti !, Guadeloupe ! ;
Costarica, Venezuela!!.

352

S YN ANTHEREvE.

XCY. SYNANTHERE^.

Flowers in involucrate heads. Calyx-limb abortive. Corolla sympetalous, valvate:
nerves sutural, marginal along the lobes. Stamens inserted into the corolla: anthers con-
nected. Ovary simple, inferior : ovule 1, erect ; style 2-fid, with collecting hairs. Ache-
nium with an e'xalbumiuous embryo. — Leaves mostly exstipulate.

This Order affords alterative, bitter, or aromatic drugs. Gruaco (. Milcania ) is a reputed
antidote against serpents’ bite : of this genus M. gonoclada is used in Jamaica (Pd.), M.
suaveolens in Trinidad (Sch.). Alterative, and often aromatic principles exist in Plerocaulon
virgatum, Parthenium Hysterophorus, Ambrosia artemisifolia, and Pyrethrum Parthenium ;
a bitter one in Nearolcena lobala ; and of the resolvent property, Taraxacum is a common
example. Eupatonum is usually aromatic : E. villosum, as well as the Guaco, were medi-
cines tor cholera, and E. Ayapana is cultivated as a powerful diaphoretic. Clibadium
Badieri is poisonous to cattle, and its branches are used for poisoning fish. Cultivated pot-
herbs in the West Indies are Spilanthes oleracea and Lactuca sativa.

Tribe I. CORTMBIFERJE. — Corolla tubular, or ligulate only in the ray-flowers.

Series 1. Vernoniaceee. — Style-branches terete, slender, hispidulous all over. Heads
discoid, Uomogamous, cyanic. — Leaves mostly alternate.

1. SPARGANOPHORUS, Vaill.

Head discoid. Involucre imbricate. Receptacle naked. Corollce 3(-4)-fid. Achenium
turbinate, 3-5-gonal, crowned with a cartilaginous, spongy, subcrenate cupule. — An an-
nual herb ; heads sessile in the axils.

1. S. Vaillantii, G. Br.Jam.t. 34./. 2: analyt. — Ethulia sparganophora, L. E.
Struthium, Sw. — 1'-2' high, often branched, glabrescent ; leaves variable, elliptical or lan-
ceolate, serrate or remotely denticulate ; heads S'"— 3,,; diam., whitish, usually several in each
axil. — IIab. Jamaica!, Pd., Hist., Al., March, in moist situations; Dominica!, Imr. ;
Trinidad!, Cr.; [Cuba! and Panama! to Brazil!; trop. Africa 1],

2. OLIGANTHES, Cass.

Head discoid, 1-4-flowered. Involucre cylindrical, imbricate: superior scales longer.
Receptacle naked. Corolla 5-lid. Achenium clavate, 10-costate : pappus scaly or abortive.
—Trees or shrubs : branchlets tomentose ; heads in terminal, compound-contracted corymbs.

2. O. condensata, Schultz Bip. Leaves ovate, acuminate, glabrous, reticulated and
pubescent on the primary veins beneath ; pedicels shorter than the 1 flowered heads ; pap-
pus 1-serial, of minute, distinct scales, or abortive, much shorter than the glabrous achenium.
— Less, in Linncea, 4./. 39-41 : analyt. — Adenocyclus, Less. : Sieber’s specimen (Trin. 73),
with a rudimentary, deciduous pappus, while Crueger’s form would belong to Odonloloma,
which is consequently identical.— A tree, 20'-40' high ; flowers rosy. — Hab. Trinidad!,
Sieb., Cr., in the hills of Port Scorge : a large-leaved form, with the pappus as large as the
exterior scales in Vernonia ; Chacochacocco, a smaller-leaved form, with a minute pappus.

3. VERNONIA, Schreb.

Head discoid, many(-l)-flowered. Involucre imbricate: superior scales longer. Recep-
tacle naked. Corolla 5-fid. Achenium cylindrical or clavate : pappus mostly double : inner
series pilose, exterior usually minute, scaly. — Leaves often glandular ; heads usually in
terminal, corymbiform cymes ; flowers purple or blue.

* Heads single, sessile at the lop of leafy branches. (Leptospcrmoides, DC.)

3. V. bahamensis, Gr. ( n . sp). Shrubby, hoary-velvety with very short appressed
down ; lcavea obovate-roundish, acute at (lie base, mucrouatc, petiolcd ; heads single, sessile
immediately above the uppermost leaves ; involucial scales ovate, acuminate, velvety : ache-
nium hairy : pappus white. — Resembling V. Thomce, Bent h., of S. Thomas ; but distin-

SYNANTHEREiE.

353

guished by single heads, the involucre, and mucronate leaves, and from V. argyrophylla ,
Less by the leaves velvety on both sides. A single branch, divided at the origin ot the
lowest head; leaves 12"'-8"' long, broad: petiole 4"'-3'" long ; involucre 2'" long,

cainpanulate : superior scales longer, acuminate ; flowers many, purple, 3 long ; pappus
exserted, the exterior series broader, minute. — Hab. Bahamas !, Swains.

** Cymes dichotomous, leafless. (Tephrodes, DC)

4. V. cinerea, Less. Annual, herbaceous ; leaves ovate, ovate-roundish, or lanceolate,
repand or dentate, petiolcd, pubescent chiefly beneath ; cymes dichotomous : heads pedicel-
late ; involucral scales lanceolate-linear, acuminate, pubescent ; achenium hairy : pappus
soft, white. — Heads 20-25 -flowered, 2",-3'" lqng, purplish. — Hab. Jamaica!, all coll., a
weed; [East Indies !, trop. Africa !].

*** Cymes scorpioid, leafless.

5. V. scorpioides, Pers. Shrubby ; leaves elliptical, pointed, pubescent beneath, pe-
tioled ; cymes scorpioid, recurved, aphyllous, approximate : heads many-flowered, sessile,
contiguous ; involucral scales hairy, pointed, interior acuminate, exterior ovate ; achenium
hairy : pappus white. — Lie. Sf Otto, Abbild. 1. 1. 55. — V. centriflora, L/c. — Heads 4'"-3", long.
— Hab. Trinidad !, Cr. ; [Venezuela, Guiana !, Brazil].

**** Cymes scorpioid, leafy.

6. V. arborescens, Sta. ! Shrubby ; leaves rugose, ovate or ovate-oblong (rarely
lanceolate), acuminate, rounded at the base, petioled, villous beneath or glabrescent; cymes
scorpioid, leafy : heads sessile ; interior involucral scales oblong-lanceolate, pointed or
bluntish, exterior ovate or ovate-lanceolate ; achenium sericeous : pappus white. —Plum. Pd.
Bunn. t. 130. f. 2. — Conyza, L. — Variable in the down, the size of the floral leaves, the
length and direction of the cymes, and the more or less distant flower-heads : confounded by
Swartz with the following, from which it is distinguished by its wrinkled leaves, and the
white or slightly tinged pappus. Stem 4'-8' high ; heads 3,(' long, 20-fiowered, pink or
blue.

a. Swartziana. Leaves hoary-tomentose or villous beneath ; branches of the panicle
somewhat rigid, reflexed or spreading : heads exceeding or equalling the small oblong floral
leaves, superior often aphyllous. — Ns. Amoen. Bonn . 2. t. 5 : a form with short cymes. — V.
tomentosa, Ns. V. divaricata, Less. V. icosantha, DC. V. Berteriana, DC. ( Hb . Benth.) :
a narrow-leaved form.

,8. Lessingiana. Leaves hoary-villous beneath ; branches of the panicle virgate, flexuose-
recurved : heads exceeded by the ovate-lanceolate floral leaves, or the superior equalling
them. — V. arborescens, Less. : corresponding with Plunder's figure, but not with the speci-
men of Swartz’s herbarium, which belongs to a.

y. divaricata, Sw. [ex parte). Leaves concolor, puberulous or glabrescent beneath ;
branches of the panicle virgate, fiexuose-recurved : heads exceeded by or equalling the lan-
ceolate floral leaves, superior often aphyllous.

IIab. Jamaica!, all coll., common in pastures, along wood-sides (all forms) ; S. Lucia!,
Anders., S. Vincent !, Guild, [y) ; Trinidad ! ; [Cuba !, Portorico (/ 3 ), French islands !,
Sieb. Mart. 190 ; Nicaragua, sec. Oerst. ].

7. V. acuminata, Less. Shrubby ; leaves devoid of wrinkles, ovate-lanceolate, acu-
minate, bluntish at the base, concolor, roughish, petioled ; paniculate cymes scorpioid, leafy :
heads subscssilc, distant, exceeded by the floral leaves ; interior involucral scales oblong-
lanceolate, bluntish, exterior ovate ; achenium sericeous : pappus straw-coloured. — V. diva-
ricata, Sw.: ex parte. — Cymes divnricatc-flcxuose or virgate : heads 3'" long, 15-20-flowcrcd.

IIab. Jamaica!, Al., Dist., Wullschl. ; S. Anns, Manchester.

8. V. punctata, Sw. Shrubby ; leaves chartaceous, elliptical-oblong or lanceolate,
tapering into the petiole, acuminate (or “ blunt”), concolor, puberulous with scattered down;
cymes shortly scorpioid, fastigiate, leafy : superior heads subsessile, inferior usually pedicel-
late ; interior involucral scales oblong-lanccolatc, sharply acuminate, exterior ovate ; ache-
nium sericeous: pappus straw-coloured. — V. Vahliana, Less.! V. longifolia, Pers., ex
syn. ap. DC. Cyme-branches 4-2-hcadcd : heads 3"' long, blue. — IIab. Antigua !, Wullschl.;
Dominica!, Imr. ; [S. Croix, Guadeloupe!; Mexico, Honduras!].

354

SYNANTHERE-®.

ri&ida, Sw. ! Shrubby ; leaves rigid, shining above, oval or lanceolate-oblong,
blunt ish, coucolor, hispidulous-scabrous or glabrescent ; cymes scorpioid, leafy , tlexuose :
heads much distant, subsessile or shortly pedicellate, single or geminate, usually much ex-
ceeded by the iloral leaves ; interior involucral scales oblong-lanceolate, blunt or bluntish,
exterior ovate; achenium hairy or glabrate : pappus straw-coloured. — V. fruticosa, Sw. :
ex ic. Plum. Ed. Burnt, t. 95. f. 1. Y. Sagraeana, EC. .• the longer-leaved form. V.
emarginata, Wickstr. sec. Less. Pleads 4,,( long : scales of the involucre at length spread-
ing— Hab. Jamaica!, Sw., Wils., in the northern limestone hills; [Cuba!].

10. V. tricholepis, EC. ( ex descr.). Suffrutescent ; leaves elliptical-oblong or lan-
ceolate, pointed, scabrous above, villous beneath, subsessile; cymes virgate, tlexuose, leafy,
or passing into branches with axillary heads : heads much exceeded by the leaves, sessile ;
interior involucral scales lanceolate, acuminate, equalling the pappus, exterior setaceous ;
achenium shortly linear-turbinate, haiiy : pappus white. — Our plant approaches V. gracilis,
Kth., which has more distant heads, longer leaves, an exserted pappus, and a somewhat differ-
ent involucre. Heads 2'" long.— Hab. Jamaica I, Pd. ; Trinidad 1, Cr. ; [Guiana, Bahia].

4. CENTRATHERUM, Cass.

Head discoid. Involucre imbricate, exceeded by approximate iloral leaves. Receptacle
naked. Corolla 5-fid. Achettium obovate-oblong, costate : pappus caducous, of 1-serial,
unequal, rigid bristles. — Suffrutescent herbs ; leaves serrate, glandular ; heads single, long-
peduncled : flowers purplish-blue.

11. C. muticum, Less. Perennial; leaves spathulate -oblong, unequally serrate, hairy
with scattered tlexuose down ; interior involucral scales oblong, mucronulale-blunl, ciliate,
exterior descrescent, ovate. — Kth. N. Gen. 4. t. 315. — Amphercphis, Kth. — Stem 2'— 3' high :
peduncles terminal, 4"-6,, long ; heads 8'" diam. — Hab. Trinidad 1, Cr., S. Anns, among
grasses; [Venezuela, Guiana].

5. MONANTHEMUM, Gr. in. gen).

Head 1-flowered. Involucre ovate-oblong, imbricate : superior scales longer. Corolla
5 -fid. Anthers 2-tailed at their base. Style of Vernonia. Achenium clavate, glabrous :
pappus 1-serial, pilose, of many setaceous, slightly scabrous bristles. — A shrub or tree; leaves
alternate, entire, glabrous above, hoary-silvery beneath with oppressed down ; heads ebrac-
teate, in many-lobed, contracted, axillary and terminal panicles : flowers purple.

12. M. Crueg-erii, Gr. Branches cylindrical, hoary-puberulous ; leaves petioled, ob-
long, bluntish, 5"— 3" long, 2"-8"' broad, eglandular, rigid, reticulated with prominulous
veins on both sides, lepidotc-tomentose beneath and on the petioles; panicles peduncled,
6"— 2" long, racemiform : heads subsessile or shortly pedicellate, 2"'-3"' long : pedicels tomen-
tose ; involucre terete, tapering above ; scales villous on the back below the point, inferior
ovate, blunt, lw long, rather abruptly passing into the ovate-oblong, bluntly acuminate su-
perior ones ; receptacle minute, naked ; pappus white or slightly tinged, equalling the slen-
der, glabrescent corolla, 2,,,-3", long; anther-tails sharply acuminate, somewhat shorter than
the glabrous filaments ; style slender, hispidnlous above, equal : hispidulous branches linear-
acuminate, subterete ; achenium slightly costate, tapering towards the base, somewhat shorter
than the pappus. Hab. Trinidad 1, Cr. ; at Carais, Chacochacacco.

6. ELEPIIANTOPUS, L.

Heads few-flowered, discoid, aggregated into glomei ules. Special involucre distichous,
compressed : scales alternately conduplicntc. Receptacle naked. Corolla unequally 5-fid.
Achenium. clavate, costate : pappus 1-2-scrial, of scaly bristles, dilated at the base. — Peren-
nial herbs; glomerulcs many-headed-, supported by a general involucre, in panicles or spikes:
flowers violet-purple (or white).

Sect. 1. Euelepii antopus, End!. — Pappus 1 -serial, of 5 (-8) bristles. — Glomerulcs
peduncled, distant, in loose corymbs.

J.8. E. scaber, L., T. Gr. Stem nearly naked below the inflorescence; rosulatc /cares

SYNANTHEREiE.

355

spathulate, crenulate, hairy beneath with tony, scattered, strigose down, superior lanceolate,
floral cordate-deltoid, slightly strigose ; pappus-bristles setaceous, somewhat longer than the
achenium, with a minute, dilated base. — 1'-3' high; glomerules 6"' diam. — Hab. Antigua!,
Nichols., a weed ; [Louisiana ; Cuba ! to Brazil ! ; East Indies !].

14. E. mollis, Klh. Stem leafy above the base ; inferior leaves obovate-oblong or
elliptical, serrate-crenate, villous beneath with short soft down, superior obloug-lanceolate,
floral cordate-deltoid, pilose ; pappus-bristles setaceous, somewhat longer than the achenium,
with a minute dilated base. — SI. t. 156. f. 1. 2. — E. Martii, Grah. — 5'-l' high ; down of
the leaves half as long as in the preceding, and inflorescence usually more compound ; glo-
merules 10'"-6W diam., equalling the floral leaves ; pappus of E. scaber, while in E. caroli-
nianus, W. (Engelm.), the bristles are less abruptly dilated. — IIab. Jamaica!, Al., Wils.,
March, a common weed ; Antigua !, Wullschl., Dominica !, Imr., S. Vincent !, Guild. ;
Trinidad !, Lockli., Cr., common ; [Cuba ! and Mexico ! to Peru ! and Brazil !].

Sect. 2. Elephautosis, Less. — Pappus 1-2-serial, of many bristles. — Glomerules sessile

in interrupted spikes.

15. E. angustifolius, Sw. Stem few-leaved, erect ; rosulate leaves lanceolate-oblong,
softly pubescent or glabrescent ; spike simple, or divided into erect branches below : glome-
rules much exceeding the ovate-lanceolate floral leaves; heads 4(-3)-flowered ; pappus-
bristles subequal, 1 -serial, much longer than the achenium, setaceous, gradually passing into
the broader base. — SI. t. 148./! 4. — Elephantosis, EC. — Stem simple, villous, 2'-3' high ;
glomerules 4"' long. — Hab. Jamaica !, Macf., M‘Nab, Wullschl., rare, in the mountains;
Trinidad!, Lockh., Cr., in savannahs; [Mexico! to Brazil!].

7. DISTREPTUS, Cass.

Heads few -flowered, discoid, 1-3 in a glomerule : structure of Elephanthopms, but pappus
1-serial, unequal, with several of the stouter bristles bent upwards and downwards below the
summit. — A branched, rigid, perennial herb ; glomerules 2-3 -bracteale, in interrupted,
spreading, compound spikes : flowers white.

16. D. spicatus, Cass. — SI. t. 160. f. 3, 4. — Elephantopus, Juts. D. nudicaulis, Less.
D. crispus, Cass. ? (Spirochaeta, Turcz.) : said to be distinguished by spirally twisted
pappus-bristles. — 1'-3' high, glabrescent or scabrous ; inferior leaves spathulate or spathu-
late-oblong, variable in breadth, subentire or crenate, superior lanceolate; heads oblong-
linear, 4"'-6"' long, 4-3-flowered. — IIab. Jamaica !, all coll., a common, troublesome weed;
Antigua !, Wullschl., Dominica !, Imr., S. Vincent !, Guild. ; Trinidad !, Sieb. Tr. 77; [Cuba!,
and Mexico! to Venezuela! and Peru!].

8. ROLANDRA, Roilb.

^ Heads 1 -flowered, aggregated into globose glomerules. Involucre 2-leavcd, compressed.
Corolla 5(-3)-fid. Achenium oblong-turbinate, 4 -costate : pappus minute, coroniform, den-
tate. A virgate shrub; leaves alternate, while-tomentose beneath; glomerules solitary
along the axils, sessile between the leaves of rudimentary branches: flowers white.

17. R. argentea, Itottb. Si. t. 7 f. 3; Sw. FI. 1. 17 : analyt. — Echinops fruticosus, L. —
Leaves elliptical-oblong or lanceolate-oblong, pointed, penninerved ; glomerules 6"' diam. —
IIab. Jamaica (SI.) ; Antigua!, Wullschl., Dominica !, Imr., S. Vincent !, Guild. ; Trinidad!,
Lockh., Cr., in dry pastures, aud along roadsides ; [French islands !, Sieb. Marl. 205 ;
Panama! to Brazil!].

Scries 2. Eupatoriac ex.— Style-branches bluntly clavale, rarely cylindrical -filiform, pu-

jeru ous a ove the stigmalic lines, or glabrous. Heads discoid , homo gam ous, cyanic . —

Leaves usually opposite.

In this series the cohesion of the anthers is generally slight, and in 3omc cases (as iu

. n0y crJimai Bnckelia diffusa , Hebecliniu\n , etc.) the anthers in dry specimens appeared
quite distinct, as was stated before of Kuhnia : but this is of no generic importance.

856

SYNANTHERE2E.

9. AGERATEM, L.

Head discoid. Involucre imbricate. Receptacle conical, naked. Corolla clavate. Ache-
nium 5-goual: pappus of 5-10 distinct scales. — Annual herbs; heads in terminal corymbs,
blue or white.

18. A. conyzoides, L. Erect ; leaves ovate, obtusely serrate, petioled : pairs distant ;
involucral scales striate ; pappus- scales 5, subulate-setaceous, subserrate at the dilated base,
nearly as long as the acheniujn. — SI. t. 152./. 2. — A variable weed; leaves 2"-l" long. —
Hab. Jamaica !, March; S. Kitts !, Els., Antigua!, Wullschl., Dominica !, Imr., S. Vin-
cent!, Guild.; [Georgia and Cuba! to Brazil!; Pacific Islands!; East Indies!; trop.
Africa! to Natal !].

19. A. muticum, Gr. Erect ; leaves ovate, serrate, petioled : pairs distant ; involucral
scales striate ; pappus-scales 5, lanceolate, bluntish, ciliate, one-third as long as the achenium
(rarely one of them longer and acuminate). — A. maritimum, /3, Schultz Bip. in PI. Lechl.
{non Kth.). — Exactly like the preceding, but apparently constant in its awnless pappus, the
scales of which are distinct to the base. — Hab. Jamaica !, Wullschl., March ; [Cuba !,
Peru !].

10. ADENOSTEMMA, Forst.

Head discoid. Involucre nearly 1-serial. Receptacle convex, naked. Corolla dilated
above. Achenium clavate : pappus of 2-5 rigid bristles, which are crowned with a gland. —
Herbs ; heads in terminal corymbs, white.

20. A. Swartzii, Cass. Annual; stem ascending from a radicant base; leaves deltoid
or rhomboid-oval, serrate above the base, glabrescent; corymb few-headed ; involucral scales
spathulate, glabrescent, ciliate above; corolla abruptly dilated, villous above; achenium
obliquely clavate, hanging from a short, narrow base, slightly muricate; pappus-bristles
3 (-4) : gland clavate. — SI. i. 155./. 2. — Cotula Verbesina, L. Lavenia decumbens, Sw. —
8”-l' high ; leaves S'”-2", achenium 2'" long. — Hab. Jamaica !, Macf., Wils., rare in moist
woods, at 3000' alt.; S. Vincent!, Guild.; [Cuba!, Ecuador!].

11. BRICKELIA, Ell.

Head discoid. Involucre imbricate: scales striate. Receptacle flat, naked. Corolla:
filiform : teeth minute. Style with a hispid tumour at the base : branches glabrous, clavate,
or slender. Achenium cylindrical, 10-striate; pappus pilose. — Slender, suffrutescent herbs;
heads in leafy panicles.

The West Indian species of this genus has a less imbricate involucre, a soft, not scabrous
pappus, and filiform, slightly bluntish style-branches.

21. B. diffusa, As. Gr. Glabrous; stem herbaceous, cylindrical, many-branched ;
leaves opposite, membranaceous, petioled, cordate-deltoid, slightly cuneate at the base, serrate
above it, those of the large loose panicle lanceolate or linear ; pedicels capillary, in corymbs ;
involucral scales sub-2-serial, exterior small, imbricate, interior much longer, oblong-linear,
bluntish ; heads 12-6-flowered ; achenium puberulous or glabrate : pappus capillary, soft. —
Eupatorium, V. Bulbostylis, DC. — Erect, 2'-4' high ; panicle 1-2' long : heads number-
less, 3'" long. — Hab. Jamaica !, Macf., Pd., A/., March, in woods, S. Andrews, Westmore-
land ; Trinidad !, Lockli. ; [Mexico, Veraguas !, Venezuela !, Brazil !].

12. HEBECLINIUM, DC.

Head discoid. Involucre imbricate : scales striate. Receptacle convex, shortly pilose.
Corolla: filiform: teeth minute, ciliate. Style equal at the base.' Achenium 2-3-angnlar,
subcompressed : pappus pilose. — Pubescent herbs ; heads numerous, in contracted, terminal,
and axillary corymbs.

22. H. macrophyllum, DC. Suffrutescent, softly puberulous; leaves subcordatc-
roundish or deltoid, pointed, slightly cuneate at the base, crenate, petioled ; corymbs roundish
or lobed : heads many-flowered ; involucral scales puberulous, blunt, exterior ovate, interior
longer, lanceolate; achenium glabrous. — Eupatorium, L. E. populifolium, Mart. Ageratum

SYNANTHERE2E.

357

cocrnleum, Sieb. Marl. 192! — 2 -G' high, flowering in the first year; heads ovoid, early
expanded: flowers whitish (or blue). — IIab. Jamaica!, List., March, a weed in the moun-
tains ; Antigua !, Wullschl., Dominica !, Imr., S. Vincent !, Guild. ; Trinidad !, Cr. ; [Cuba !
and Mexico ! to Peru ! and Brazil !].

13. EUPATORIUM, L.

(Campuloclinium and Ooclininm, DC.)

Head discoid. Involucre imbricate or 2-1-serial. Receptacle naked, glabrous, usually
flat. Corolla! clavate or campanulate above. Achenium 5(— 3)-gonal: pappus pilose. —
Shrubs or herbs ; heads mostly in terminal corymbs.

The West Indian species do not admit of separating Campuloclinium : for those species
which present a convex or hemispherical receptacle above the involucre are too nearly re-
lated to others. Ooclinium , considered by Schultz Bip. Regensb. El. 1850, p. 419 as the
type of a particular division of Eupatoriaceee, on account of its compressed achenia, has no
better claims to be distinguished : for —

1. I have a new Dominica Eupatorium, which, with the head of Cylindrocephala, and a
flat receptacle, presents 3-goual-subcompressed achenia, exactly as Ooclinium villosum, DC.,
of PI. Sprucean. and Hostrn. : the latter is perhaps identical with E. urticifolium, L. til.,
figured by Smith.

2. Ooclinium rigidum, DC., has the 5-gonal achenium of Eupatorium, and would conse-
quently belong to C ampuloclinium, while C. surinamense, Miq. (Sch. Bip. ! in PI. Lockean.),
is Etip. Vitalbce, DC.

§ 1. Cylindbocephaxa, DC. — Receptacle produced into a short cylinder between the in-
volucral scales, convex or flat above them. Involucre cylindrical, many-serial : scales
oppressed, glabrescent.

* Wholly glabrous species.

23. E. rigidum, Sw. ! Suffrutescent, glabrous ; stem cylindrical ;« leaves opposite,
shortly petioled, rigid, ovate or ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, 3-nerved with impressed veins
above, densely dotted with glands beneath, remotely serrate-, serratures 2-3 on each margin;
corymbs few-headed : heads many-flowered, pedicellate; receptacle convex ; involacral scales
obloug, blunt, striate ; achenium slightly murieate.— Ooclinium, DC. — 1'-2' high ; leaves
18"' -8"', involucre 5"'-6'" long ; flowers violet ; achenium 5-gonal, with equal sides.— Hab.
Jamaica !, Sw., in limestone hills of the northern districts.

24. E. Ossseanum, DC. Shrubby , glabrous ; branches cylindrical; leaves opposite,

long-pctioled, rigid, ovate-lanceolate, acuminate with a bluutish point, 3- nerved with im-
pressed veins above, densely dotted with glands beneath, coarsely cartilaginous-serrate
above the subcuneate base ; corymbs trichotomons ; heads many-flowered, ultimate ter-
nately sessile; receptacle flat ; involucral scales ovate-oblong, bluntish or blunt, subestriate;
achenium glabrous.— Allied to the preceding, aud perhaps still more to E. macranthum, Sw.’
ot Martinique, said to be distinguished by 6"'-long involucres. Leaves 3"-2" involucre 3"'
long.— IIab. S. Vincent!, Guild. ; [Cuba].

25. E. punctatum, Lam. Shrubby, glabrous ; branches slightly obtuse-angled, or
striate; leaves opposite, petioled, ovate or ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, triplinerved, densely
dotted with glands beneath, serrate ; corymbs compound : heads 10-20-flowered, pedicellate ;
receptacle flat ; mvolucral scales ovate-oblong, blunt, striate; achenium glabrous.— Leaves
3 -2 , involucre 4"' long.— Hab. Trinidad !, Sieb. Tr. 75 ; [Guadeloupe !].

E'r1,BC7leatUm’ Lam" , Shmbl)y> glabrous ; branches striate-angular; leaves op-
7a C ovatc'l!luccolate)> pointed, 3 -nerved, dotted beneath with minute,
Tr nil mnfn tant serrate; corymbs compound: heads 10-20-flowered, pedicellate,

ohionw liiunt 8°'nL llne.s subsessile) ; receptacle convex; involucral scales ovate, and ovate-
Surin’t SA1, ’ ’nT,m0S‘ b',u“tlshi achenium slightly scabrous on the angles.— Miq.
lo7/-li t^l'H, ■1,,ST17 7n’ n°- ln IL HooL’ /3> Mi(l- '-Loaves 4"-2", involucre J"
i. . d ’ Lockh-> Cr-> common in savannahs; [Panama, Guiana!, Brazil!].

oniHisifp c,17/Pet m7rei 7” Shrubby, glabrous; branches cylindrical; leaves

opposite, sessile, eUiptical-obloug or lanceolate-oblong, bluntly acuminate, bluntish at the

358

SYNANTHERE2E.

base, triplinerved, witb the lateral nerves very distant from the base, dotted beneath with
minute, scattered glands, callous on the margin, remotely serrate : serratures glandular,
blunt; corymbs contracted, compound: heads 10-20-flowered, pedicellate; receptacle flat ;
involucral scales ovate and oblong, blunt, slightly 3-striate ; achenium somewhat scabrous
on the angles. — Allied to the preceding, but peculiar by its broadly sessile leaves. Leaves
long, ]2"'-G'" broad; involucre 4"' long, shining- tawny. — Hab. Dominica!, Imr.,
in the mountains.

28. E. macrodon, DC. Shrubby, glabrous ; branches subcylindrical-striate ; leaves
opposite, petioled, ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, contracted at the base, triplinerved, dotless
beneath, callous on the margin, serrate : serratures glaudular, blunt, approximate ; corymbs
expanded, compound: heads 10-20-flowered, pedicellate; receptacle flat; involucral scales
ovate-roundish and ovate-oblong, blunt, 3-5-striate; achenium slightly scabrous on the
angles. — Leaves 3"-l^w long, 15 '"-8"' broad; involucre purplish, 4'" long. — Hab. Domi-
nica!, Imr., in the mountains.

** Branches and leaves pubescent, or the latter glabrate.

29. E. conyzoides, V. Shrubby, slightly villous-pubescent above; branches cylin-
drical ; leaves opposite, petioled, ovate or ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, often cuneate at the
base, triplinerved, dotted with minute scattered glands, and glabrescent beneath, serrate
above the base, or subentire; corymbs tricholomous : heads 10-20-flowered, pedicellate,
numerous; receptacle flat; involucral scales rounded at the top, striate, tinged above, in-
terior longer, oblong; achenium scabrous on the angles. — Schranlc, H. Monac. t. 85. — A
straggling shrub, 6'-10' high, variable in the down, the form and serratures of the leaves,
the distance of their lateral nerves from the base, the size of the heads, and somewhat in the
point of the interior involucral scales ; larger leaves 3" long, 1%" broad ; flowers pale-blue
or white.

a. Involucre 4,w long : inner scales blunt. — E. conyzoides, var. glabrescens, Steetz !, is a
similar form, but with shorter, 3"'-long involucres; Brazilian forms have still larger, 5"'-
long involucres. •

j8. heterolepis. Involucre 4'" long : interior scales bluntish, or with a roundish-cuspi-
date point ; leaves usually glabrescent.

Hab. Bahamas!, Swains.; Jamaica!, all coll, (a, 0) ; Antigua!, Nichols., Wullschl. ;
[Cuba ! and Mexico ! to Brazil !].

80. E. odoratnm, L. Shrubby, villous ; branches cylindrical ; leaves opposite, petioled,
ovate or ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, often cuneate at the base, triplinerved, villous-pubes-
cent, and dotted with minute scattered glands beneath, coarsely serrate, with a few serratures
above the base, or subentire ; corymbs trichotomous, deuse : heads 15-25-flowered, pedicellate;
receptacle flat ; involucral scales striate, interior oblong-lanceolate, acuminate, exterior
ovate-oblong, blunt ; achenium scabrous on the angles. — E. brachiatum, Wiclcstr. — 6' high ;
branches rigid, spreading; larger leaves 3" long, li" broad; involucre 4"' long: flowers
pale-blue, or white, scented.— Hab. Jamaica!, all coll., along roads; Antigua!, Wullschl.,
Dominica !, Imr., S. Vincent !, Guild. ; Trinidad !, Lockli., Sch. ; [Haiti ! to French islands !,
Nicaragua to Guiana!].

31. E. heteroclinium, Gr. ( n.sp .). Suffruticose, scabrous-pubescent, or villous, with
the hairs thickened at the base; branches cylindrical, striate; leaves opposite, petioled,
ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, serrate above the cuneate base, 3 -nerved, glandular with minute
glands beneath; heads 3-5 -nate, pedicellate, 20-25-flovvered, in a simple or few-brauchcd
corymb ; receptacle convex; involucral scales striate, ovate and oblong, blunt, inner-
most oblong-linear, bluntish ; achenium slightly scabrous on the angles. — 2'-3' high, flower-
ing from the first year; leaves l|-"-l" long, 8"'-6'" broad, villous on both sides; involucre
4''' long, rounded at the base, 2'" broad, pale : scales usually 7-striate, puberulous below the
slightly tinged point, shining-glabrous below; flowers purple; style-branches clavnte,
achenium 2"' long : pappus straw-coloured : hairs slightly thickened and scabrous at the
top ; convexity of the receptacle less high than broad. — IIab. Jamaica !, Al., Mac/., MiNab,
March, on rocks in the Eastern mountains, Port Royal, Liguana hills.

32. E. repandum, IV. Shrubby, subtomentosc-pubcscent ; branches striate, slightly
angular above ; leaves opposite, petioled, small, ovato-roundish or deltoid, blunt, cuneate or

SYNANTHERE2E.

359

dentate above the subtruncate base, 3- nerved , glabrescent above, pubescent and glandular
with minute glands beneath; corymbs shortly trichotomous : heads 8-15-ilovvered, pedicel-
late, fastigiate; receptacle flat ; involucral scales oblong, striate, rounded at the top; ache-
nium scabrous on the angles. — Plvm. Ed. Burm. t. 130./. 1. — E. atriplicifolium, Lam.
(non Vahl). — Leaves 8"'-12'" diam. ; involucre Bi,n long. — Hab. Bahamas!, Swains.;
[Cuba, Haiti].

33. E. trigonocarpum, Gr. (n. sp.). Suffruticose, or shrubby; branchlets scabrous-
pubescent, sub-6-gonal, striate ; leaves large, opposite, petioled, ovate, acuminate, euneate at
the base, coarsely serrate, septuplinerved, glabrate with impressed veins above, scabrous-
pubescent on the nerves, and glandular with minute glands beneath ; corymbs many-branched,
trichotomous: heads 8-1 5 -flowered, numerous, approximate, pedicellate; receptacle flat;
involucral scales oblong, striate, rounded at the top ; achenium %-gonal, subcompressed,
scabrous on the angles. — A branched, leafy plant ; leaves flaccid, 5"-3" long, 2¥'-lfl' broad ;
corymbs l"-3" broad; involucre 3'" long, V" broad, tawny : scales tinged above, at length
shining-glabrous, 3-striate at the middle; style-branches clavate; achenium 1'" long, with
2 broader facets : angles prominnlous : pappus white, soft : hairs slightly thickened at the
top.— Hab. Dominica !, Imr.

§ 2. Phyllacrocephaxa, As. Gr. — Receptacle somewhat dilated between the involucral
scales, flat above them. Involucre cylindrical, at length turbinate, many -serial: scales
spreading, or at the top squarrose, glabrescent.

34. E. ivifolium, L. Herbaceous, suffratescent ; stem erect, trichotomously branched
above, scabrous with incurved hairs, and glabrate, subeylindrieal ; leaves opposite, lanceolate-
linear, tapering at each end, subsessile, 3-nerved, liispidulous or glabrescent, dotted beneath,
remotely serrate about the middle; corymbs loose: heads 10-20-flowered, pedicellate; re-
ceptacle flat ; involucral scales oblong, striate, subtrun cate-blunt at the recurved, greenish
summit, innermost oblong-linear, erect, rosy; achenium slightly scabrous on the angles. —
2' high ; leaves 2"— l" long, S'"—2ln broad ; involucre 3W Ions' ; flowers purplish-blue. — Hab.
Jamaica!, Mac/., in fields; [Cuba! to Guadeloupe! ; Louisiana to Northern Mexico!].

§ 3. Subimbkicata, DC. Receptacle depressed, or minute, convex or flat above the
involucral scales. Involucre turbinate or campanulate : scales Z(-2)-serial, imbricate,
exterior shorter, rarely many-serial.

* Receptacle convex, broader than the pedicel.

35. E. cor difolium, Sw. / Shrubby ; branches cylindrical, hirsute above; leaves op-
posite, shortly petioled, rigid, cordate, pointed, quintupliuerved, serrate, scabrous-pilose
with scattered hairs above, hirsute chiefly on the nerves and glandular beneath ; corymbs
contracted: heads 40-5 0-flowered, subsessile or shortly pedicellate ; receptacle convex ; in-
volucral scales 3-serial, oblong-linear, bluntish, slightly striate, pilose, recur ved-spreading ;
achenium glabrous : pappus-hairs fiattish. — 3' high ; leaves 3"-2" diam. ; involucre 2'" long ;
receptacle \ ¥" diam. — IIab. Jamaica!, Sw., on limestone rocks.

36. E. montanum, Sw. ! Shrubby ; branches cylindrical, hispid above ; leaves oppo-
site, shortly petioled, rigid, cordate or cordate ovate, pointed or bluntish, quintupliuerved,
serrate (or subentire), hispid with scattered hairs, glandular beneath ; corymbs trichotomous
with contracted branches : heads \§-2§-flowered, pedicellate; receptacle convex ; involucral
scales 2-3-serial, oblong-lanceolate, bluntish, striate, pilose, spreading; achenium glabrous ;
pappus-haire fiattish.- — 3'— 4; high ; leaves 4,/— 1 ¥' long ; receptacle half as broad as in the
preceding, involucre 1"' long ; flowers whitish.— Hab. Jamaica!, Sw., Pd., in the mountains,
S. Anns.

** Receptacle minute.

■^7. E. cinereum, Gr. (n. sp.). Suffruticose, stout; stem cylindrical, velvcty-tomcn-
tosc , leaves opposite, petioled, ovate-lanceolate , long -acuminate , unequally serrate, tripli-
nerved above the abruptly tapering, entire base, which is as long as the petiole, pubcrulous
above, hoary with tomentose-pubesceut down and cglandular beneath ; corymbs triehoto-
rnously paniculate : heads 10-7 -flowered, pedicellate, very numerous ; receptacle minute,
convex ; involucral scales 10, spreading, 3-scrial, very unequal, striate, glabrescent, with a
membranaceous, ciliatc margin, rounded at the top, interior oblong or oval-oblong, exterior

360

S YN ANTHEREiE.

12, short; achenium glabrous: pappus-hairs setaceous. — In habit it approaches Hebecli-
nium, but has a glabrous receptacle : it is to be compared with E. pallescens, DC., unknown
to me. Leaves 3", cuneate base 6"' long ; panicle 6" diam. ; involucre 2'" long, straw-
coloured ; receptacle as thick as the slender pedicel ; style-branches clavate, long-exserted ;
achenium 5-gonal, half as long as the white pappus.— IIab. Trinidad !, Cr.

38. E. canescens, J . Shrubby; branches cylindrical, tomentose ; leaves opposite,
petioled, small, ovate-roundish, rounded-blunt , sinuate-crenate or entire, 3 -nerved, tomen-
tose or puberulous above', hoary-tomentose beneath, slightly glandular ; corymbs simple, um-
belliform, terminal on racemose branchlets : heads 10-jlowered, pedicellate ; receptacle mi-
nute, flat; involucral scales spreading, 3-serial, very unequal, striate, puberulous on the back
or glabrescent, interior obloug, bluntish, exterior ovate, blunt ; achenium puberulous : pappus
straw-coloured. — Plum. Ed. Burm. 1. 128./. 1. Vahl, St/mb. t. 73. Lam. III. t. 672./. 5.
— E. sinuatum, Lam.. — A small shrub, with spreading branches ; leaves 5W— 10w, involucre
2'" long. — Hab. Antigua !, Wullsclil. ; [Haiti to Desirade !].

39. E. iresinoides, Kth. Suffruticose, slender, trailing; branches cylindrical, pubes-
cent or glabrate ; leaves opposite, petioled, ovale, acuminate, or ovate-lanceolate, cuneate at
the base, remotely toothed or entire, triplinerved, villous-pubescent beneath, or glabrescent,
subeglandular ; corymbs in a loose panicle : heads h-Jlowered, in small cymes, glomerate-
sessile or pedicellate ; receptacle miuute, flat ; involucral scales spreading, 3-serial, very
unequal, striate, glabrous, pointed, interior oblong, exterior shortly elliptical ; achenium
scabrous on the angles : pappus white. — Kth. N. Gen. t. 340. — E. Sieberianum, DC. 1
Mikania serratifolia, Sieb. Tr. 72. — Leaves S"—l", involucre 2111 long ; flowers white. — IIab.
Dominica!, Imr. ; S. Vincent!, Guild.; Trinidad!, Sieb., Lockh., Cr. ; [Martinique ; Pa-
nama! to Venezuela].

40. E. tetranthum, Gr. (n. sp.). Suffruticose, slender, trailing ; branches cylindrical,
striate, slightly puberulous, or glabrate ; leaves opposite, petioled, oblong -lanceolate, acumi-
nate with a bluntish point, bluntish at the base, rigidulous, repand or subeutire, triplinerved,
reticulated, glabrous, subeglandular ; corymbs trichotomous, in a large spreading panicle :
heads 4s-floioered, pedicellate, in small, fastigiate, special corymbs ; receptacle very minute ;
involucral scales 10, loosely imbricate, 3-4-serial, striate, scabrous with minute glands, de-
void of hairs, blunt, interior oval-oblong, the other oval ; achenium scabrous on the angles :
pappus tawny. — Leaves 3H— lj^ long, 16,,,-6,,, broad : petiole 3W-4W long, not enlarged ;
panicle often 6" long, pyramidal : internodes in the primary axis 1" long, in the branches
gradually shorter ; heads ovoid ; involucre tawny, V" long : scales convex, 3-striate ; ache-
nium 5-gonal, black, as long as the pappus : pappus-hairs scabrous, flattened at the base. —
IIab. Jamaica!, Sw., mixed with Critonia parvijlora, but devoid of pellucid dots, Macf.,
Pd., Wullsclil., in woods, Manchester.

§ 4. Eximbricata, DC. — Receptacle depressed, usually minute. Involucre spreading,

\{-2>)-serial, often with shorter, exterior scales: scales of the principal series sub-

egual.

* Stem shrubby ; leaves glabrescent.

41. E. glandulosum, Kth. Shrubby; branches cylindrical, densely glandular, with

short, stipitate glands, devoid of hairs ; leaves opposite, petioled, rhomboid-ovate, sharply
pointed, coarsely serrate above the cuneate base and below the point, 3 -nerved, nearly gla-
brous above, hispidulous along the nerves and glabrate beneath, obscurely glandular and with
stipitate glands on the petiole and the lower part of the margin ; corymbs fastigiate-tricho-
tomous: heads -flowered, clustered, pedicellate; receptacle flat; involucral scales

lanceolate, acuminate, striate, glandular-ciliate, most subequal: corolla abruptly dilated ;
achenium glabrous. — Kth. N. Gen. t. 346. — E. adenophormn, Spreng. — Leaves 2", petioles
10"'-8'", involucre 2'" long ; style-branches slender, puberulous. — IIab. Jamaica !, March ;
[Mexico].

42. E. ag-eratifolium, I)C. Shrubby; branches cylindrical, glabrous, puberulous at
the summit, eglandular ; leaves opposite, petioled, ovate or deltoid, with a bluntish. point,
coarsely serrate above the subtruncate or rounded base and below the point, triplinerved near
the base, glabrous, eglandular; corymbs trichotomous : heads l0(-20) -flowered, pedicellate;
receptacle minute ; involucral scales lanceolate, bluntish, subestriate, glabrescent, most sub-

SYNANTHERE2E.

361

equal ; corolhe gradually tapering ; achenium glandular-scabrous. — 6' bigh ; leaves 2"-l",
petioles 6"'-4"', involucre 2"' long.— Hab. Bahamas !, Swains. ; [Cuba 1, Haiti ! ; Texas,
Northern Mexico !].

43. E. nervosum, Sw. Shrubby ; branches cylindrical, scabrous with minute curved
hairs ; leaves opposite, petioled, rigid, ovate, acuminate, remotely and coarsely serrate about
the middle, or subentire, tripliuerved near the base or 3-5-nerved, scabrous, densely dotted
beneath with minute glands; corymbs trichotomous, paniculate: heads Vb-2S)-flowered,
pedicellate; receptacle minute ; involucral scales linear, acuminate, subestriate, glabresccnt,
most subequal; corollcc gradually tapering; achenium scabrous. — 4 '-5' high ; leaves variable,
3"-l" (-4'''), petioles 4" -1'", involucre 1§W long ; flowers whitish. — Hab. Jamaica !, March,
in the mountains; [Haiti !].

44. E. celtidifolium, Lam. Shrubby, glabrous ; branches slender, striate; leaves
opposite, petioled, membranaceous, ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, with a narrow, usually pro-
tracted point, serrate about the middle, or entire, quintupli{-tripli)-nerved, not scabrous,
glandular beneath ; corymbs trichotomous : heads 10-8-flowered, pedicellate ; receptacle
minute; involucral scales lanceolate, acuminate or bluntish, slightly striate, glabrescent,
often ciliate or subserrate above, most subequal ; corolbc gradually tapering ; achenium
slightly scabrous on the angles. — Leaves 5"-3", petioles 8"'-4,") involucre V" long ; corollas
1'" long, whitish. — IIab. Jamaica !, Mac f. ; Dominica !, Finl., Imr., S. Vincent !, Guild. ;
[Cuba, Guadeloupe; New Granada!].

** Stem shrubby ; branches rusty-villous.

45. E. corylifolium, Or. in. sp.). Shrubby ; branches rusty-pilose, cylindrical;

leaves opposite, long-petioled, flaccid, ovate, pointed or bluntish, rounded-subtruncate at the
base, coarsely and unequally serrate, 5-3-nerved, flabellate-veiny, nearly glabrous above,
pilose on the nerves beneath, somewhat plaited along them, eglandular ; corymbs roundish-
subfastigiate, in a loose, trichotomous panicle : heads 20-%0-flowered, pedicellate ; receptacle
small; involucral scales oblong-linear, blunt, 2-3-striate below the middle, puberulous, most
subequal; corollce abruptly dilated ; achenium fusiform, scabrous on the angles. — 2'-3'
high; leaves 2,,-li,f long, 1 1" broad : petiole 10"'-4"' long; involucre 2'" long; corollas

filiform below, campanulate from the middle, hairy on the teeth, 2"' long ; achenium black,
1"' long : pappus-hairs straw-coloured, scabrous, slightly thickened at the top. — Hab. Ja-
maica !, Mac/., fVils., March, in the mountains of S. Andrews, Coldspring, at 4000' alt.

46. E. triste, DC. emend. Shrubby; branches rusty-velvety, cylindrical; leaves op-

posite, petioled, deltoid-ovate, obtusate, or bluntish, serrate above the base, or subentire,
tripliuerved with an accessory more spreading pair near the base, puberulous above, rusty-
velvety chiefly on the nerves, and glandular beneath ; corymbs roundish-subfastigiate : heads
20-10-flowered, pedicellate; receptacle minute; involucral scales oblong-linear, acuminate,
estriate, rusty-pubescent, most subcqual ; corollce clavate above the base ; achenium linear,
slightly scabrous. — Several of DC.’s characters do not agree, but belong to the allied Jamaica
species, which he probably did not distinguish. Leaves long, variable in breadth :

petiole 9"'-4'" long ; involucre nearly 3'" long ; corollce rather abruptly dilated above the
base ; achenium 2'" long. — Hab. Jamaica !, M‘Nab, March, Wullschl., in the mountains,
Port Royal, Manchester.

47. E. villosum, Sw. Shrubby; branches rusty -velvety , cylindrical ; leaves opposite,
petioled, deltoid, obtusate, or bluntish, sinuate, obtusely serrate, or subentire, 8 -nerved, pu-
berulous above, rusty-velvety and glandular beneath ; corymbs roundish-fastigiate ; heads
8-Vo-flowcred, pedicellate; receptacle minute; involucral scales lanceolate, blunt, estriate,
rusty-pubescent, most subcqual ; corollce gradually tapering ; achenium linear, slightly sca-
brous.— SI. t. 151./. 2. — 4'-6' high; leaves variable, usually 1 £"-3" long, l"-2" broad:
petiole 4"'-3"' long ; involucre, corollcc, and achcnia nearly ‘ V" long. — Hab. Bahamas 1,
Swains. ; Jamaica !, all collectors, common in pastures ; [Cuba I],

48. E. schizanthum, Gr. (n. sp.). Shrubby ; branches densely rusty -hispidulous,
cylindrical; leaves opposite, petioled, lanceolate-oblong, bluntish, obtusely serrate above,
uninerved, regularly arch-veined, glandular, scabrous above, rusty-pubescent beneath ; co-
rymbs fastigiatc, subcontracted : heads (j-8-flowered, pedicellate; receptacle minute; invo-
lucral scales 6, subcqual, oblong, blunt, estriate, pubescent ; corolhe glandular below, cylin-

802

SYNANTHEREJE.

drical to the middle-, limb abruptly dilated, ovate at the base, deeply a -fid into lanceolate,
acuminate segments ; achenium glandular. — SI. t. 151. f. 3. — This remarkable species, ap-
proaching in its corolla to several Mikanite, cannot be separated genetically from L.tnste,^
with, which it was probably confounded by DC. Leaves thickish, — li l°n£> t J o
broad : petiole 4"' long; corymbs l"-2" broad; involucre nearly 3'" long; achenium linear,
tapering at the base. — Hab. Jamaica 1, M’Nab.

*** Stem herbaceous, annual.

49 E. panicnlatnm, Schrad. Annual, herbaceous, glabrescent ; leaves membrana-
ceous, petioled, deltoid, pointed, serrate above the cuneate or truncate base, 3-nerved, eglan-
dular or with minute, distant glands, opposite, the uppermost or all superior alternate ; co-
rymbs loose, paniculate: heads 15-25-flowered, pedicellate; involucral scales lanceolate,
bluntish, glabrous, striate, 2-serial, interior subequal, exterior about half as many, half as
Iona; achenium glabrous.— Gotta in Act. Taiirin. 33. t. 8: a rhomboid-leaved form.— E.
guadalupense, Spreny., and Mikauia Berteriana, Sprang. E. Bertenanum Coll. E. urti-
ci folium, lib. Blcs. (non Sm.).— 1'-3' high; involucre li long.— Hab. Jamaica .all col-
lectors, a common weed; Antigua!, Wullschl. ; Trinidad; [1 ortonco ., Erencn lslan s ,
Honduras, Venezuela !, Peru 1, Brazil].

E Ayapana, Vent. (Besc. FI. 3. t. 203), an Eximbricate, with lanceolate, subsessile
leaves, is naturalized in the West Indies (S. Croix), and cultivated as a medical plant.

14. CRITONIA, F. Br.

Head discoid, 3-5-flowered. Involucre imbricate, cylindrical. Receptacle naked, minute,
convex. Caroline clavate. Achenium shortly stipitate, 5-gonal with keels on the angles :
pappus pilose.— Shrubs ; leaves opposite, petioled, umnerved, dotted with pellucid points
and, lines ; heads usually glomerate-sessile, terminal on the branches of compound corymbs,

flowers whitish. .

50 C. Dalea, DC. Glabrous; leaves lanceolate (or elliptical-lanceolate), tapering at
both ends, serrate with small, often distant serratures ; pai nicle subfasl ' h““ 3
natelv sessile or subsessile, 4 (-3-5) -flowered ; involucre 4-3-serial : scales striate, blunt, in-
terior oblong, middle gradually shorter, ovate exterior very short: achenium hispdulouA

n mi f I — Eunatorium, L. Calydenms jamaicensis, Spreny.— b-lU mgn,

mforous”' leaves ' smnewhat shilling, 6"-3" lo4l^6-(-l^ ^
involucre 3"'-2"' long.— Hab. Jamaica !, Macf, Pd., in the mountains, S. Andiews,

51 C narviflora, DC. Branches and petioles pubescent; leaves ovate, elliptical, o
the^superi^elliptical-lanceolate, pointed, serrate with approximate, often

tures panicle large pyramidal, expanded: heads 3-7-nately sessile, 3-2(-4)-flowered , in-
volucre3-4-seriaH ’scales substriate, blunt, interior oblong, middle abruptly shoiiei ovate
exterior very short ; achenium slightly hispidulous

hi eh inodorous; leaves not shining, variable, the largest 8 Jong, 4 broad, the superior
usually 4"-8" long, 2"-l" broad : petiole 12'"-4"', involucre 2 long.— Hab. Jamaica .,

collectors, common. . , ,

52 C macropoda. DC. “ Glabrous; leaves ovate-lanceolate acuminate.; panicle las-

Trinidad ( Sieb .).

15. MIKANIA, W.

^ LTe^tTjXvinfs "'iL^s ^connected at the node ; heads

in paniculate spikes, racemes, or corymbs.

* Heads in compound, elongated spikes, or racemes.

53. M. hastata, W. Puberulous, glabrescent; stem twining, cylindrical; leaves

SYNANTIIERE2E.

363

membranaceous, hastate-deltoid , shortly acuminate, toothed-repand or subentire, 3-uerved ;
heads in compound, slender spikes, subsessile : bractlet much exceeding the rudimentary pe-
dicel; involucral scales oblong, blunt ; corolla-limb 5 -fid ; achenium scabrous-puberulous.
Br. Jam. t. 34./. 3— Eupatorium, L., Sw — Leaves usually 3" diarn. ; involucre H"' long;
flowers white, odorous. — Hab. Jamaica !, At., in mountain-woods ; [Cuba 1 to Venezuela !].

54. XVT. Swartziana, Gr. Glabrous ; stem twining, cylindrical ; leaves rigid, shining
above, ovate, pointed (or roundish), quite entire, triplinerved near the rounded base, with the
nerves prominent beneath ; heads in compound, slender racemes, distant : bractlet subulate-
linear, as long as or exceeded by the pedicel; involucral scales oblong, bluntish; corolla: cla-
vate: limb 5-toothed; achenium glabrous. — Eupatorium Houstonis, Sw. Obs. {non L).- —
M. Houstonis, W., of Mexico, has membranaceous, 5-plinerved leaves. Leaves l|"-3", in-
volucre 1/' long; flowers white, inodorous.— Hab. Jamaica {Sw), rare among shrubs;
[Cuba !].

55. M. scabra, DC. Scandent ; branches cylindrical, rusty-pubescent with rough,
flexuose down ; leaves shortly petioled, ovate or elliptical-oblong, bluntish, serrate or re-
paud-entire, quintuplinerved , scabrous above, rusty-pubescent chiefly on the nerves, and
densely glandular beneath ; heads in compound, slender racemes, distant : bractlet lanceo-
late, bluntish, as long as the pedicel ; involucral scales oblong-linear, striate, puberulous,
with a recurved point; corolla-limb 5-fid; achenium glabrous: pappus tawny. — M. Eockeana,
Miq. ! — Leaves usually 3" long, variable, more or less rigid ; involucre 2W long. — Hab.
Trinidad !, Cr., S. Anns ; [Guiana !].

** Heads in short, corymbose racemes.

56. M. ovalis, Gr. (n. sp). Stem twining: branches cylindrical, glandular-puberulous
above, glabrate below ; leaves leathery, shortly petioled, oval, shortly pointleted-bluntish,
quite entire, triplinerved near the base, with the nerves prominent beneath, glabrous, glan-
dular beneath; heads shortly racemulose, in trichotomous corymbs : bractlet subulate-linear,
as long as the pedicel ; involucral scales spathulate-lanceolate, rounded at the top, glabrous ;
corolla-limb 5 -fid ; achenium glabrous. — Leaves 2"-l|" long, l|-"-l" broad : petiole 4"'-3'"
long; corymbs 2" diam. . special racemes peduncled, 8-3-headed: pedicels 1'" long, as long
as the involucre ; pappus straw-coloured. — Hab. Dominica !, Imr., in the Conliabon moun-
tain.

*** Heads terminal on the corymb-branches.
f Heads glomerate-sessile or subsessile : the central ebracteolate.

57- M. Imrayana, Gr. {n. sp). Glabrous; stem twining, striate-subangular ; leaves
elliptical-oblong or oval-roundish, usually pointleted with a bluntish point, long-petioled,
repand-entire, quintuplinerved, the uppermost ovate-lanceolate; heads glomerate-sessile,
5-3-nate : glomerules as long as their- rusty -pubescent, ternate pedicels : peduncles in deltoid
racemes : bractlet lanceolate, nearly as long as, or half as long as the involucre ; involucral
scales oblong-linear, blunt, glabrescent, ciliate at the subincurved top ; corolla-limb 5-fid,
shorter than the tube; achenium glabrous. — Leaves variable, chartaceous or rigid, cuneate
or rounded at the base, 3" long, superior much narrower : petiole usually 1" long ; racemes
2" diam. ; involucre 1/' long ; pappus straw-coloured. — Hab. Dominica !, Imr.

58. M. trinitaria, DC. {sec. Schultz Bip. in PI. Kegel!). Stem twining, striate-sub-
angular, glabrescent ; leaves ovate or ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, entire, uninerved, arch-
veined, glabrous above, pubescent beneath; heads glomerate-sessile or subsessile, 3 ( — 5) -
nate : peduncles puberulous : glomerules in corymbs : bractlet ovate or lanceolate, much
shorter than or a as long as the involucre ; involucral scales oblong, blunt or bluntish,
rigid, striate, pubescent ; corolla-tube as long as the involucre, much longer than the 5-lid
limb ; achenium slightly puberulous. — M. volubilis, Pcepp. Cub. ! — Leaves 3"-4", petioles
6 , involucre 3"'-4'" long; pappus pale-rusty. — Hab, Trinidad {Sieb); [Cuba! ; Guiana!].

59. M. latifolia, Sm. Glabrous; stem twining, striate-cylindrical or subangular
a jove ; leaves ovate, shortly pointleted, subentire, quintuplinerved, glandular beneath ; heads
ternately sessile : peduncles puberulous : glomerules in corymbs : bractlet lanceolate, as
y'l af , inv°lucre ; involucral scales oblong, bluntish, rigid, striate, puberulous ; corolla-
J,n! ’ deeply 5-fid, as long as the tube : lobes oblong-lanccolate ; achenium slightly glaudulur.

M. Badieri, DC. Leaves 5"-3" long, 3"— 1 A" broad: petiole involucre 3'" long;

2 B

364

SYN ANTIIEREjE.

pappus pale-rusty. — Hab. Jamaica !, Macf., Pd., Westmoreland ; S. Lucia (Sm.) ; [Gua-
deloupe !].

ft Heads pedicellate, or the central only sessile : hractlet at the base of the involucre,

or wanting.

60. M. rotunda, Gr. (n. sp.). Stem scandeut, glabrous, striate-cylindrical ; leaves
rigid, oval-roundish, shortly apiculate, quite entire, triplinerved, with the nerves prominent
beneath, and a delicate, suprabasilar pair, glabrous, eglaudular; corymbs trichotomous, in
axillary, loose panicles : peduncles puberulous : pedicels ternate, little shorter than the head :
bractlet lanceolate-linear, one-third as long as the involucre, or wanting ; involucral scales
obloug-linear, blunt, substriate, glabrous ; corolla subclavate : limb cylindrical, as long as
the tube, 5-toothed with deltoid teeth ; achenium glabrous. — A stout climber; leaves 4"-3"
long, 3"-2 i" broad: petiole 8"'-10'" long; panicles 6" long, expanded; corymbs 2"-H"
broad: lateral pedicels 2"', central 1'"— 1 A'" long; involucre 3'" long; pappus tawny-
whitish. — Hab. Trinidad !, Or., at Tocuehe.

61. M. gonoclada, DC. Stem twining, angular, pubescent; leaves deltoid, broadly
cordate, or subcordate at the base, 5 -nerved, irregularly deutate or subentire, pubescent
beneath (or glabresceut), inferior as long as the petiole, superior often ovate; corymbs pa-
niculate, special ones contracted : peduncles villous-pubescent : pedicels ternate, much shorter
than the head: bractlet lanceolate or elliptical-lanceolate, acuminate, half as long as the
involucre ; involucral scales oblong, substriate, bluutish or pointed, pubescent ; corolla-limb
5-fid, campanulate, as long as the tube ; achenium glabrous. — M. surinamensis, Miq. ! : a
form with glabrescent, pointed involucral scales. M. Guaeo, Pesc. (PI. 3. t. 197) : the
figure combines the inflorescence of this species with the uninerved leaves of M. Guaco,
Bonpl.— Leaves 4"-2" diam. ; involucre 3'" long; pappus pale-rusty.— Hab. Jamaica!,
Macf., Pd., Al., Wils., March ; [Cuba ! and Mexico ! to Guiana ! and Brazil].

62. M. orinocensis, Mh. Stem twining, glabrescent, striate-cylindrical, slightly
angular above ; leaves membranaoeous, cordate with a deep sinus, pointleted or acuminate,

5 -nerved, deutate or subsinuate-repand, glabrescent; special corymbs usually umbellate:
peduncles angular, slightly winged at the base, glabrescent: pedicels 3 (-5 )-nale, usually
shorter, often much shorter than the head : bractlet lanceolate, about half as long as the
involucre; involucral scales oblong or elliptical-obloug, blunt or mucronate, glabrescent,
striate; corolla-limb campanulate, nearly as long as the tube, 5-toothed with deltoid teeth;
achenium glandular.— M. umbellifera, Gardn. ! M. Sieberiana, DC. M. suaveolens , Kth.
(compared by Dr. Alexander in the British Museum) : a pubescent form. M. atriplicifolia,
Schultz Bip. ! : a form with longer, excrescent bractlets. M. deltoidea, Pospp. ! : small-
leaved specimens.— Leaves 3''-2" long ; sinus often oblong, or deltoid, and obsolete m the
upper leaves ; involucre 2"' long ; pappus pale-rusty. The determination of this species rests
chiefly upon Seemann’s Panama specimens, compared by Steetz with Humboldt s plant ; ot
allied species M. alata, DC. (Kleinia, Mey. I, M. scandens, PI. Spruce !) has a 5-fid corolla-
limb, and larger, acute involucral scales, M. scandens, W. (of the United States) a clavate,
5 -toothed corolla, and narrow, acute scales. — Hab. Jamaica !, P d., Al. , March ; S. A lucent .,
Guild. ; Trinidad!, Lockli., Sch., Pd., Cr., common in moist places, along roadsides;
[Cuba !, Mexico ! to Ecuador !, Guiana ! to Brazil].

Series 3. Asteroidese. — Style-branches in the perfect or $ flowers flat, tapering beyond
the stigmatic lines into a lanceolate or deltoid appendage, which is hairy on the out-
side (or reduced).— Leaves alternate; pappus pilose in the West Indian genera.

16. ERIGERON, L.

Head radiate : the ray-flowers ? , numerous, the disk wholly or partly hermaphrodite.
Involucre few-l-serial. Receptacle naked. Anthers tailless. Achenium. compressed f
pappus pilose. — Herbs ; ray purplish or white.

Sect. 1. Ccbnotus, Nutt. — Ray-flowers shortly or not exserted. Achenium 2-neived.

pappus 1-serial. — Root annual.

* Heads corymbose or solitary.

63. E. jamaicensis, Sw. Puberulous, glabrescent; stems ascending, few-1 -headed,

SYNANTHERE2E.

365

hearing reduced , distant leaves ; lowest leaves rosular, spathulate, few-serrate or entire, the
cauliue minute, lanceolate-linear ; involucral scales linear, pointed, glahrescent, 2-3-serial,
exterior short; rag-flowers filiform, sub-l-serial, shortly exserted; achenium pubescent:
pappus pale-rusty. — Sw. Obs. t. 8. f. 2. — E. cuneifolius, DC..- the entire-leaved form. —
6"-18" high; heads 4"' diam. : ray whitish. — Hab. Jamaica!, Mac/., Pd., MlNab,
Wullschl., in pastures and fields; [Cuba!, Haiti, Portorico].

64. E. rivularis, Sw. Pubescent ; stem leafy, ascending at the base ; leaves spathulate-
lanceolate (or spathulate), broad at the base, pinnatifid above the middle, or with a few
large serratures, rarely subentire, the lowest rosular ; heads corymbose ; involucral scales
lineal-, bluntish at the acuminate top, 2-3 -serial, exterior shorter; ray -flowers filiform, sub-
1 -serial, shortly exserted-, achenium pubescent: pappus pale-rusty. — SI. t. 152. f. 3. —
E. jamaicensis, L. — Heads of the preceding. — Hab. Jamaica !, Pd., along river-banks ;
[Cuba!].

65. E. strictus, DC. Nearly glabrous ; stem leafy, slender; leaves scattered, scabrous
ou the margin, pointed or acuminate, inferior spathulate-lanceolate, remotely serrulate,
superior lanceolate or lineal-, entire ; heads corymbose ; involucral scales linear, spreading,
sharply acuminate, glabrous, 2-3-serial, exterior shorter; ray-flowers rounded at the top,
several-serial, very shortly exserted: disk few-flowered; achenium glabrescent : pappus
tawny, subequal. — 8"-2' high, devoid of a basilar rosule; iuvolucre 2'" long: ray-flowers
20-25, less than l"1 longer than the involucre, revolute at the top. — Hab. Jamaica !, M‘Nab ;
[Mexico!].

66. E. spathulatus, V. Pilose ; stem leafy, erect; leaves scattered, inferior oval or
spathulate, contracted into a long linear base, coarsely few-serrate, superior lanceolate, sub-
entire; heads corymbose ; involucral scales linear, sharply acuminate, glabrescent, sub-
l-serial, few exterior short; ray-flowers filiform, many-serial, included: disk few-flowered ;
achenium pubescent: pappus pale-rusty. — 1'-3' high; heads 4"' diam.-. ray-flowers very
niunerous, as long as the pappus. — Hab. Antigua!, Wullschl.; [Virgin Islands],

67. E. bonariensis, L. Pilose; stem leafy, erect; leaves lanceolate, inferior few-
serrate, often broader, or piuuatilid-sinuate, superior entire ; panicle racemform : inferior
branches longer; involucral scales linear, acuminate, sub-l-serial, exterior shorter; ray-
flowers filiform, many-serial, included: disk-flowers 5-deutate; achenium with scattered
hairs, or glabrescent ; pappus tawny.— Bill. Pith. 2. /. 334 ; the sinuate-leaved form.—
Couyza ambigua caribiea, Less. C. albida, W., Less., (. Linncea , 6 . p. 136).— 1'-3' high;
leaves 2"'-6"' broad; heads 4"' diam., white.— Hab. Jamaica!, Man/, Hist., Pd., March,
a weed, in pastures ; S. Kitts !, Els., Antigua !, Wullschl., S. Vincent !, Guild. ; Trinidad l’
Or., in canefields; [Central America to Buenos Ayres],

68. E. canadensis, D. Ilispidulous or glabrescent; stem leafy, erect; leaves lan-
ceolate-linear, ciliate, subentire; panicle racemiform ; involucral scales linear, bluntish,
3-serial, exterior shorter; ray -flowers linear, many-serial, included: disk-flowers 4-dentate ;
achenium glabrescent; pappus straw-coloured. — lichb. Ic. Germ. t. 917. /. 1.— 1'-3' hio-h-
leaves l"'-2"' broad; heads 3"' diam., whitish.— Hab. Jamaica !, Mac/., Pd., Wits, a
common weed; S. Kitts!, Els., Antigua!, Wullschl., Dominica!, Imr., S. Vincent! Guild
lnnidad; [Canada to Brazil; Northern Europe to the Cape and Persia!].

Sect 2. Stenactis, Cass.— Achenium 2 -nerved: pappus 2-serial: exterior series minute.

** Heads in a racemiform panicle.

ni , i . , . , , u 111-1 nil iwi mIj bA Id 1

3'-4' high ; inferior leaves 2J" long, 4" broad ;
Iriuidadl, Sell., Or.; [Mexico! to Venezuela].

2 B 2

366

SYN ANTHEREiE.

17. BACCIIARIS, L.

Heads discoid, dioecious ( $ sometimes with a few central $ ; $ with a few peripherical
$ flowers). Involucre imbricate. Receptacle naked. Corollce $ dilated above, ? Ali-
form. Anthers tailless. Achenium costate: pappus pilose.- — Shrubs, rarely herbs, often
resinous ; flowers whitish, or yellow.

* Branches leafy, wingless ; leaves A-triplinerved.

70. B. speciosa, DC. Glabrous; branches cylindrical ; leaves elliptical or elliptical -
oblong, mucronate, tapering into a short, clasping petiole, A -nerved and loosely reticulated-
veiny, entire ; heads hemispherical, in a contracted, fastigiate corymb ; peduncles angular ;
involucral scales in both sexes ovate-roundish, ciliate, exterior mucronulate ; achenium gla-
brescent ; pappus rusty, in $ uniserial. — 6'-8'high; leaves 5"-3" long, 20',,-15"' broad;
heads 3"' diam. — Hab. Dominical, Imr., in the mountains; [Guadeloupe].

71. B. nervosa, DC.! Glabrous, somewhat leprous; branches striate-subangular,
virgate; leaves rigid, ovate-lanceolate or lanceolate, acuminate, acute at the base, shortly
petioled, 3 -nerved, or slightly triplinerved, veinless above, entire; corymbs several(-few)-
headed, in a spreading panicle : heads hemispherical, involucral scales ovate and oblong-lan-
ceolate, bluntish or blunt, ciliate. — Eupatorium, Sieb. Tr. 76 (non Sto.). — Habit of B.
rhexioides, Kth. Leaves 3"-l" long, 12"'-3"' broad; heads 2'" diam.— Hab. Trinidad!,
Sieb., Loclch., Cr. ; [Guadeloupe,- Costarica].

** Branches leafy, wingless ; leaves \-nerved.

72. B. dioica, V. Glabrous; branches cylindrical, angular above ; leaves leathery, ob-
lanceolate or obovate, bluntish, mucronulate or retuse, shortly petioled, 1 -nerved, entire,
punctate beneath : veins inconspicuous, or 2—4 longer ones from near the base ; corymbi-
ferous branches nearly fastigiate: heads turbinate-cylindrical, pedicellate ; involucral scales
oblong-lanceolate, bluntish, glabrous, exterior ovate ; achenium glabrous : pappus pale-rusty,
in ? 1-serial. — Vahl, Symb. t. 74.— B. Vahlii, DC.— Leaves 8"'-2i" long, 5"'-6'" broad;
heads 21" long. — Hab. Bahamas!, Swains., Turk Islands!, Hjalmars.; Jamaica!, Pd.,
M'Nab ; Montserrat; [S. Croix, Desirade !].

73. B. myrsinites, Pers. Puberulous above, early glabrous; branches cylindrical,
angular above; leaves rigid, elliptical-lanceolate, elliptical-oblong or lanceolate, sharply
acuminate or cuspidate, acute at the base, shortly petioled, or subsessile, 1 - nerved , few-sei -
rulate or subentire, punctate beneath : veins equal, pinnate, inconspicuous above ; heads in
contracted corymbs, subsessile-glomerate, ovoid-cylindrical ; involucral scales ovate and
ovate-oblong, bluntish, ciliate, puberulous, glabrescent.— Conyza, Lam. Leaves l -1 long,

broad; heads 3'" long. — Hab. Jamaica!, Pd., M'Nab, in pastures, S. Thomas l. L. ;
[Haiti].

*** Branches wingless, subaphyllous.

74. B. scoparia, Sw. Glabrous; branchlets slender, rigid, densely approximate,
broom-like, tetragonal, subaphyllous, viscous ; reduced leaves distant, oblong-linear, blunt,
sessile, subentire, 1 -nerved, veinless; heads small, ovoid, distant in loose, rigid corymbs,
long-pedicellate ; exterior involucral scales ovate, bluntish, interior ovate-lanceolate, ciliate
at the bluntish point ; achenium glabrous : pappus whitish, 1-serial. — Br. Jam. t. 34./. 4.
Calea, L. ; Chrysocoma, L. ; Molina, Less.— A’ -A' high, shrubby or arborescent; leaves
2"'-A"' long; heads 1 long, whitish. — Hab. Jamaica!, all coll., on the summits of the
mountains, S. Andrews, Port Royal.

18. PLUCHEA, Cass.

Head discoid : ? flowers exterior, many -serial, subtruncatc-filiform ; <? central, carnpa-
nulate above, furnished with a subentire style. Involucre imbricate. Receptacle naked.
Anthers 2-tailed. Achenium subcylindrical : pappus pilose. — Shrubs or herbs, often fetid ;
heads purplish, corymbose.

75. P. odorata, Cass. Shrubby; branches rusty-toraentose ; leaves oblong or ellip-
tical-oblong, pointed, quite entire, or denticulate, repaud, glaudular-puberulous nbuve, hoary-

SYNANTHEREiE.

3G7

pubescent or tomentose beneath, pctioled ; corymbs in a fastigiatc panicle, tomentose : heads
pedicellate, hemispherical ; involucral scales ovate or ovate-oblong, bluntish, tomentose :
interior rota oblong-linear, acuminate, scariose. — Desc. Ft. 3. t. 217. Conyza, L.: the
denticulate-leaved form, confounded by Liunreus with the following species. C. carolinensis,
Jacq. : the common, entire-leaved form. — 4-6' high ; heads piuk, 4'" diam. — Hab. Baha-
mas !, Swains.; Jamaica!, all coll.; Antigua!, Wullsch., Dominica!, Pint.; [Cuba! to
French islands ! ; Mexico ! to Darien ! and Venezuela !].

76. P. purpurascens, DC. Annual, suffrutescent ; branches pubescent ; leaves oblong-
lanceolatc or lanceolate, unequally serrate, repand, softly puberulous-subtomentose or gla-
brescent, petioled ; corymbs sub fastigiatc, tomentose ; heads pedicellate, subglobose ; involu-
cral scales rusty-pubescent, spreading, exterior ovate, blimtisli, gradually passing into the
interior, ovate-lanceolate, pointed row. — SI. 1. 152./. 1. — Convza, Sw. P. glabrata, DC.:
the glabrescent form.— 3'-4' high ; heads purple, 2-3'" diam. — Hab. Bahamas!, Swains.;
Jamaica!, all coll., common in the lowlands; Antigua!, Wullschl. ; [Key West; Cuba! to
Guadeloupe ! ; Mexico ! to New Granada !].

19. PTEROCAULON, Ell.

Character of Pluchea, but involucres deciduous and glomerate, or single heads spicate. —
Snffruticose, virgate herbs, resembling Gnaphalium ; leaves decurrent ; heads whitish.

77. P- virg-atum, DC. Leaves arachnoid above, white-tomentose beneath, serrulate
with callous teeth, oblong -linear, inferior broader, oblong or elliptical-oblong, superior usually
distant, long-decurrent ; heads glomerate (or single) in oblong spikes : the inferior glome-
rules distant ; involucre woolly at the base : scales linear-acuminate, recurved at the glabrous
point. — SI. t. 152. f. 5. — Conyza, L. C. alopecuroides, Sw. (Pterocaulon, DC.) : a form
with few narrow leaves. — Variable in habit, the number of branches, the leaves more or less
distant, the narrow ones either prevailing or confined to the upper part of the stem, and in
the spikes either compact or slender, with a few or most glomerules distant. 2'-4' high,
erect; narrow leaves, usually 4'", broad ones 9'" — 15'" broad; involucre 2'" long. — Hab.
Jamaica !, all coll., in dry, sandy savannahs ; Antigua !, Wullschl. ; Trinidad !, Loclch., Pd.,
Cr., in barren savannahs ; [Virgin and French islands !, Sieb. Mart. 194 ; New Granada !].

Series 4. Senecionideee. — Style-branches in the perfect or $ flowers flat-convex, truncate
and penicillale at the top, or bearing an hispidulous appendage ( or rarely reduced).

Subseries 1. Melampodineee. — Flowers unisexual. No pilose pappus. — Leaves usually

opposite.

20. CL1BADIUM, L.

Head discoid, beterogamous, rarely radiate : $ flowers exterior, 1-pluriserial, interior $ .
Involucre subglobose, imbricate : interior scales supporting the $ flowers, and becoming
palcfe between their inner series. Receptacle eonvex, naked within the $ flowers. Corollce
? 3-fid : $ 5-fid, with a simple, hispid style, included within the black column, and the
ovary excrescent, stipitiform. Achenium biconvex, naked, at length drupaceous. — Suflrutes-
cent, scabrous, large-leaved herbs or shrubs ; leaves opposite, petioled, triplinerved-arch-
veined ; heads white , in corymbose panicles.

* Female flowers 1-seriai (Euclibadium, DC.).

78. C. asperum, DC. Branchlets hirsute above; leaves ovate -lanceolate or ovate,
acuminate, serrulate, scabrous hispidulous, hirsute on the midrib beneath ; heads shortly
serial on the eoiymb-branehes, subsessile ; involucral scales roundish, strigosc ; ? flowers
1 -serial, 5-7, as many : $ corolla! campanulate nearly from the base, papillose at the
lobes; achenium villous above the middle; sterile stalks densely villous. — Aubl. 1. 317.
PflPP- A. Gen. t. 253. — Baillcria, Aubl. Trixis scabra, Sw. C. peruvianum, Pcepp. !
u car&casauum, DC. — 5'-6' high ; leaves 3"-6", petiole 4"'— 8'" long ;

heads 2 diam. Hab. Jamaica !, List. ; S. Vincent !, Guild. ; Trinidad !, Lockh., Sieb. IV.
1 1 ; [Mexico 1 to Brazil ! and Peru !].

308

SYNANTHEREZE.

79. C. Badieri, Gr. Branchlets strigose-ecabrous ; leaves ovate-lanceolate or ovate,
acuminate, cuneate at tlie base, remotely serrulate with incurved teeth, glabrescent above,
adpressed-hispidulous beneath; heads pedicellate, corymbose; involucral scales ovate, acute,
substrigose with scattered hairs ; ? flowers 1-serial, 5-7, $ 10-12 : $ corolla abruptly and
broadly campanulate above the cylindrical, short base, densely papillose at the lobes ; ache-
nium obovate, villous at the top ; sterile stalks villous. — C. terebinthaceum, 0 Badieri, DC. PI.
Carib. { non Trixis terebinthacea, Sw.). — A shrub {Imr.), but the branches look like a suffru-
ticose herb, as in the preceding ; leaves 5"-3", petiole 6"'-10'" long ; corymbs 2" diam.
terminal and axillary : heads 2'" diam. — Hab. Dominica !, Imr. ; [Guadeloupe 1, in woods
along rivers].

80. C. terebinthaceum, DC. {exclus. 0). “ Brauchlets subhirsute ; leaves ovate or ob-
long, acuminate, serrulate, hispidulous above, hirsute beneath ; heads subsessile ; involucral
scales oblong, acute, pubescent ; $ flowers 1 -serial (DC.), $ numerous : corolla clavate
(exic.Sw.) ; acheuium hirsute above the middle.” — Sw. FI. t. 26,/. inf. — Trixis, Sw. — The
style in the $ flower is said by Sw. to be bifid, and figured thus, which, if confirmed, would
be’ a difference from all other species.— Hab. Jamaica {Sw.), in stony valleys of the Western
districts.

** Female flowers 2-pluriserial.

81. C. Alexandri, Gr. {n. sp.). Branchlets and corymbs hirsute; leaves broadly
ovate, with a bluntish point, minutely deuticulate-serrate, scabrous above, hispidulous and
hirsute on the midrib beneath ; heads subsessile-conglomerate, corymbose ; involucral scales
ovate, pointed, strigose, 3-striate ; ? flowers 2-serial, S 5-2 : $ corolla sub cylindrical
from, the base, slightly papillose at the lobes ; achenium obovate, glabrous, with a terminal
tuft of hairs; sterile stalks shortly pilose at the top. 8^ 10/ ; leaves ( —5 long, 4 —3
broad: petiole l''-lV' long ; corymbs 3" diam., terminal : heads IV" diam. — Hab. Jamaica!,
Al., Wils., S. Auns at Moneague, Cimacuna Pass.

82. C. erosum, DC. Branchlets strigose ; leaves ovate, shortly acuminate, cuneate at
the long-petioled base, unequally inciso-serrate, scrabrous above, adpressed-hispidulous be-
neath ; heads pedicellate, corymbose ; involucral scales ovate-roundish, strigose with scat-
tered down ; ? flowers 2-serial, $ 10-12 : corolla abruptly and broadly campanulate
above the cylindrical base ; achenium obovate, pubescent near the summit ; sterile stalks
shortly puberulous above.— Trixis, Sw.— Not poisonous, as is C. Badieri (Imr.). Leaves
5"-6" long, 5"-2" broad: petiole l£"-2" long; heads 2'" diam. — Hab. S. Kitts, Dominica.,
Imr. ; Trinidad !, Lockh.

83 C fragiferum, Gr. {n. sp.). Branchlets and corymbs densely hirsute ; leaves
ovate pointed, broadly cuneate, unequally inciso-dentate or serrate, scabrous-hispidulous,
hirsute on the midrib beneath and on the petiole; heads corymbose, superior subsessile ; in-
volucral scales ovate, pointed, strigose ; $ flowers 4,-3-senal, <? few : $ corolla clavate ;
achenium roundish, shortly pilose at the subtruncate summit ; sterile stalks glabrous.- G. ero-
sum, PI. Carib. {non DC.). Latreillea peruviana, II. Hook, {non ZVp/j.).— Leaves i -b
lono- lV'-4" broad: petiole 8"'-12"' long; fruit-bearmg heads 3 ' diam., globose, distin-
guished from the other species by the number of spreading, prominent palese, which with
the involucral scales cover the whole of it. Latreillea peruviana, Poepp., having a sulicyim-
drical receptacle and different ? flowers, is no congener— Hab. S. Vincent ., Guild. ;
[Guadeloupe 1, in the mountains along rivers].

21. OGIERA, Cass.

Head discoid, heterogamous, 6-8(-12)-flowcred : exterior flowers ? , interior <J • Invo-
lucre foliaeeous, 1-serial. Receptacle paleacous. Anthers distinct, 2-tailed, becoming
blackish. Style 2-fid : branches with no hispidulous appendage. Achenium obovale-ptis-
matical, crowned with a ciliate tubercle— A hispid or pubescent, diffuse, annual herb ;
leaves opposite, triplinerved, glandular beneath ; heads snbsolitary in the axils, pedunc c ,

^TiTthe Pl Caribffisc I reduced this plant to Tetrantlms : but since 1 had the opportunity
of examining the original T. liloralis, Sw. of Haiti, and I am now rather inclined to con-
sider the paletc of Tetrantlms as iuner involucral scales and its receptacle as naked (in c

SYNANTHERE2E.

369

fortuity with tlic allied genera Pinillosia and Microcoecia) : hence Ogiera would be much
more distant, having pale® at all flowers, and shortly-tailed anthers.

84. O. ruder alis, Gr. — Melampodium, Sw. Kegelia, Schultz. Bip. ! Tetranthus, PI.
Carib. 0. triplinervis, a leioearpa, Cass. — Variable in down, and in the achenia tubercled or
smooth. Leaves ovate, hlnntish, shortly petioled ; pale® scariose, ciliate above, acuminate,
exceeded by the 5-leaved involucre. — Hab. Jamaica!, Al., a weed; Trinidad!, Sch., Cr.;
[Cuba !, Virgiu and French islands ! ; Venezuela !, Guiana !, Brazil !].

22. ACANTHOSPERMUM, Schrlc.

Head heterogamous, 10-20-fiowered : exterior flowers $ , minutely ligulate, interior $
tubular. Involucre t'oliaceous, 1-serial. Receptacle paleaceous: exterior pale® bearing
uncinate prickles, including the achenia. Column becoming blackish, including a simple,
pubescent style. — Achenium compressed, naked. — Diffuse, annual herbs; leaves opposite ,
glandular beneath ; heads subsessile, terminal, often between dichotomous branches, yellow.

85. A. humile, DC. Pubescent ; leaves lyrate or obovate, subsessile at the tapering
base, unequally dentate ; $ flowers 5-4 ; palece cuneiform around the achenium, devoid
of grooves, with 2 diverging beaks at the angles of the truncate top. — Melampodium, Sw.
— Hab. Jamaica !, all coll., a weed ; [Cuba !, Haiti ; Pauama !].

86. A. xanthioides, DC. Pubescent ; leaves obovate, petioled, denticulate (or sub-
entire) ; ? flowers 5 ; palece oblong around the achenium, sulcate, blunt at the unarmed
top. — Centrospermum, Kth. Melampodium australe, L. A. hirsutum, DC. Siegesbeckia
floseulosa, Sieb. Mart. 204 ( non L'Her.) : a glabrescent form. — Hab. Caribbean Islands, a
weed ; [Swedish and French islands ! ; Venezuela, Guiana ! to Buenos Ayres !].

23. ENHYDRA, Lour.

Head discoid, heterogamous : exterior flowers ? , pluriserial, interior $ . Involucre folia- .
ceous, 4-leaved : 2 leaves interior. Receptacle paleaceous : palese including each achenium
in pairs, sulcate-striate. Column becoming blackish. Style 2-fid : branches with an hispidu-
lous appendage. Achenium compressed-spathulate, naked: corolla-tube jointed with the
limb, subpersistent ; sterile achenia in S flowers slender, trigonal. — Aquatic herbs, ascend-
ing from a radicant base ; leaves opposite, glandular beneath ; heads solitary, axillary or
terminal.

87- E. sessilis, DC. Glahrescent or scabrous ; leaves sessile, oblong or ovate, pointed,
rounded at the base, remotely serrate ; heads sessile. — Meyera, Sw. — The South American
forms, which I compare, are little distinct — Hab. Jamaica!, Wullschl. ; [Haiti to Brazil!].

24. PARTHENIUM, L.

•

Head heterogamous : 5 exterior flowers $ , minutely and broadly ligulate, interior nume-
rous, S . Involucre 2-serial. Receptacle paleaceous : pale® dilated above, geminate at
the achenia. Anthers pale: style simple, pubescent. Achenium compressed: pappus of
2 scales or obsolete. — Annual or suffrutescent herbs ; leaves alternate ; heads in corymbs or
panicles, whitish.

88. P. Hysterophorus, L. Annual, tall, hispidulous ; leaves 2-pinnatipartite, the up-
permost entire; heads in spreading panicles; pappus-scales oblong , blunt. — Heads 1
diam. — Hab. Bahamas!, Swains. ; Jamaica!, Macf., Pd., a weed; S. Kitts!, Els., Anti-
gua!, Wullschl., Dominical, lmr., S. Vincent!, Guild.; Trinidad!; [Cuha ! and Louisiana!
to Northern Patagonia ! and Mendoza !].

25. AMBROSIA, L.

Heads monmcious, homogamous, superior $ , inferior ? . $ : Involucre of united scales.

1 eceplacle paleaceous, rarely naked : pale® linear. Anthers distinct, pale : connective with
a terminal, indexed bristle. Style simple, penicillate at the top. 5 : Involucre closed,
l-flowered: flower naked. Achenium ovoid, naked, — Annual or suffrutescent herbs ; leaves

370

SYNANTilEREiE.

opposite or superior alternate , dissected ; $ heads in slender racemes or spikes , 9 clus-
ters at the base of these, or in the axils of the uppermost leaves .

89. A. artemisifolia, L. Stem erect, stout, villous or scahrous-pubescent, branched ;
leaves 2-pinnatifid, hoary beneath; receptacle in $ naked ; involucre obovoid around the
achenium, armed with 5-6 acute points. — Desc. Ft. 1. t. 55. — A. elatior, L., Sw., Sieb.
Mart. 214. — 2-4' high ; $ heads l"'-2'" diam.

a. jamaicensis. Scabrous-pubescent ; ultimate leaf-lobes oblong-lanceolate, acuminate.

P. trinitensis. Villous ; ultimate leaf-lobes oblong or ovate, blunt.

Hab. Jamaica!, 3I‘Nab, in waste places (a); cultivated in Trinidad! (fl) ; [Canada to
Brazil !].

90. A. psilostachya, DC. Pubescent; stem erect, branched above; leaves pinuati-
partite : segments serrate or pinnatifid at the base; racemes paniculate ; receptacle in $
paleaceous ; involucre obovoid around the achenium, unarmed, pubescent. — A. coronopifolia,
T. Gr. — Habit of the preceding, 2' — 5' high ; leaves variable. — Hab. Jamaica 1, ail coll., a
weed, forming thickets in waste places ; [Cuba 1 ; Illinois to Mexico !].

91. A. crithmifolia, DC. Stem ascendiug, suffruticose, villous-canescent ; leaves
thickish, hirsute-canescent chiefly beneath, the inferior 2-pin natipartite with short, blunt
lobes ; racemes spiciform, distant, the terminal much larger, nodding ; receptacle in $
paleaceous ; involucre obovoid around the achenium, unarmed, villous. — 6"-12" high; ulti-
mate leaf-lobes roundish, scarcely 1"' diam. ; $ heads 2"' diam. — ITab. Bahamas 1, Hjalmars.,
Turk Islands; [Key West, on the seashore, Cuba].

Subseries 2. Helianthese. DisJc-flowers hermaphrodite. Column mostly becoming black-
ish. Receptacle paleaceous. Achenium crowned, awned, or naked. — Leaves usually

opposite.

26. ZINNIA, L.

Head radiate: the ray-flowers ? , with the ligule leathery, persistent on the fruit. Invo-
lucre imbricate. Receptacle conical, paleaceous. Disk-flowers villous at the lobes. Style-
branches with a conical, hairy appendage. Achenia of the disk compressed, usually 1-2-
awued, of the ray subtrigonal. — Herbs ; leaves opposite, entire ; heads solitary, terminal.

92. 55. multiflora, L. Annual; stem erect, somewhat hispid, inflated-hollow at the
top; leaves oblong-lanceolate, with a rounded, subsessile base; involucre campanulate:
scales appressed ; hgules obovate, purplish or yellow on the upper side ; palece entire, ob-
tuse ; achenia of the disk 1 -awned. — Lam. III. t. 685, fig. inf. — Hab. Bahamas!, Swains.;
Jamaica!, A/.; [Carolina to Peru ! and Venezuela !].

93. 2*. elegans, Jacq. Annual; stem erect, scabrous, equal or slightly inflated at the
top ; leaves oblong, or ovate-oblong, sessile, snbeordate at the base ; involucre hemispherical :
scales usually squarrose with abroad, greenish, often, black-bordered summit; ligules obovate,
purple or crimson on the upper side ; palece with a terminal, serrate crest ; achenia of the
disk awnless, margined, shortly 2 -tobed. — Jacq. Ic. Rar. t. 589.— Hab. S. Vincent 1, Guild. ;
[Guadeloupe ! ; Mexico 1 to New Granada !]

27. ECLIPTA, L.

Head shortly radiate : the ray-flowers ? , included. Involucre 2-serial, foliaceous. Re-
ceptacle paleaceous : palere-linear. Corolla: of the disk 4-toothed. Style-branches blunt-
ish, hairy. Achenia of the disk compressed, naked, or obsoletely crowned, of the ray sub-
trigonal. — Annual, scabrous, diffuse herbs : leaves opposite, serrate or subentire, triplinerved-
arch-veined ; heads axillary and terminal, peduncled, single-tern ate, white.

94. E. alba, Hassk. Leaves lanceolate or elliptical-lanceolate, subsessile; achenium
tuhercled, crowned with minute teeth and hairs, or naked, subtruncate. — Jacq. Amer. Piet.
I 197. — Verbesina, L. E. crecta, prostrata, and punctata, L. E. longifolia, Sc hr ad. !,
thermalis, By. !, pcduncularis, liemy !, procumbeus and brachypoda, Mich. — The West In-
dian form has long-pedunclcd heads (*. e. E. erceta, L. or E. punctata, Jacq.).— Hab. Ja-
maica [all coll., in wet places; Antigua!, Wullschl., S. Vincent!, Guild.; Trinidad I, Sieb.

SYNANT1IERE2E.

371

Tr. 74. ; [Pennsylvania ! to Uruguay ! ; Egypt ! to Natal ; Arabia !, Mesopotamia !, Trans-
caucasia! and Northern China ! to the East Indies ! and trop. Australia !].

28. BORRICHIA, Ad.

Head radiate : the ray-flowers ? , short. Involucre hemispherical, imbricate : exterior
row foliaceous. Receptacle paleaceous : pale® oblong, rigid. Style-branches subcylindrical,
bluntish, hairy from the summit to near the base. Achenia of the disk compressed-4-gonal :
crown short, 4-toothed. — Maritime shrubs ; leaves opposite , sessile, leathery ; heads solitary,
peduncled, terminal, yellow.

95. B. arborescens, DC. Silvery-sericeous or glabrescent ; leaves spathulate or lan-
ceolate, mucronulate, quite entire ; involucre adpressed; paleee spathulate-oblong, mucro-
nate. — Buphthalmum, L. B. frutescens jamaicense, L., Sio. Obs. Borr. argentea, DC. :
the common West Indian, silvery form, but the glabrous one of DC. is no variety, glabrous
aud silvery leaves occurring on the same stem. 4'-l' high ; variable in the ligules obovate
or oblong, the exterior scales of the involucre ovate or oblong, as long as the inner ones or
shorter and somewhat spreading. — Hab. Bahamas 1, Swains., Turk Islands !, Hjalmars. ;
Jamaica!, Mac/., TFils., March, on calcareous rocks and in dry places along the coast ; An-
tigua !, Wnllschl. ; [Bermudas, Key West ; Cuba 1 to Guadeloupe 1 and Peru],

29. WEDELIA, Jacg.

Head radiate (rarely discoid) : the ray-flowers ? . Involucre 2-serial, exterior foliaceous,
interior scaly. Receptacle slightly convex, paleaceous. Style-branches hispidulous above'
or from the summit nearly to the base. Achenium biconvex, or angular : crown unequally
lobed or dentate.— Herbs or shrubs; leaves opposite; heads peduncled, terminal and axil-
lary, solitary or ternate, yellow.

Sect. 1. Stemmodon. — Ligules 3- dentate . Style-branches bluntish, cylindrical, hispidu-
lous to the middle. Achenium muricate, glabrous. — Creeping, aromatic herbs,' with as-
cendiug branches.

96. W. carnosa, Rich. Glabrescent ; leaves sessile, cnneate-oblong or obovate,
coarsely few-serrate, or trilobed ; peduncles solitary in the axils, equalling or exceeding the
leaves, pubescent ; involueral leaves oval-oblong, as long as the disk, scales shorter ; ligules
shortly exserted, obovate ; achenia of the ray trigonal-ovoid, bluntish at the base muri-
cate: crown short, multidentate-repand. — SI. t. 155./. 1. — Silphium trilobatum, L. W
crenata, Rich. Spithameous, from a long-creeping, stoloniferous base ; leaves triplinerved
variable, l"-3" long ; disk-flowers much papillose at the lobes ; pale® oblong-lanceolate'
acute.— Hab. Bahamas !, Swains. ; Jamaica 1, all coll., in wet places; Dominical Imr s’
Vincent !, Guild. ; Trinidad !, Or. ; [Cuba ! to French islands !, Sieb. Mart. 199 • ’ Panama !
to Pernambuco!].

97 ; ,W- gracilis, Rich. Stems slender, pilose, 1-few-headed ; leaves subsessile, cuneate-
oval, blunt, mciso-few-serrate or trilobed, ciliate, glabrescent; peduncles much longer than
the leaves, pilose, usually from the uppermost axil; involueral leaves obovate as long as
the disk, scales shorter; ligules shortly exserted, oblong or obovate-quadrate ; achenia of
the ray obovate, tapering at the base, biconvex with an argute margin, of the disk subcom-
pressed, fusiform-stipitate, both kinds muricate-tubercled : crown produced with a lobed
membranaceous limb.— Spithameous, ascending from the creeping, filiform 'roots the stein
more delicate than in the preceding; leaves 10"'-12'" long and often as broad triplinerved
peduncles 3 -4 ong ; heads 8'" diam. ; pale® oblong-linear, bluntish or acute ; achenia
2 long smaUer than in the preceding, those of the disk tapering from the middle into their
chcs£ ~ JammCa!> AL> Wldlschl-> S- Andrews1 near Kingston, S. Anns; Man-

Scct. 2. Cyathopiioha, DC.— Ligules 2(-3) -dentate. Style-branches acute, hispidulous
from the summit nearly to the base. Achenium puberulous.— Scabrous shrubs7 or suf-

frutcscent herbs ; pcduuclcs terminal. ' 0 sut

carMM#na, DC. Shrubby, scabrous with hispidulous appressed down ;

372

SYNANTHEREiE.

leaves petioled, ovate-lanceolate, long-acuminate, remotely serrulate, triplinerved, less stri-
gose beneath than above ; 'peduncles ternate ; involucral leaves oblong-lanceolate, longer
than the disk ; ligules oblong, shortly 2-dentate, exserted ; achenium compressed-tetra-
gonal, smooth : crown short, denticulate- Gymnopsis verbesiuoides, DC. /, ex specim.
Loclch.— Leaves 4"-3", petiole 5"'-3'" long ; heads 8'" diam.— Hab. Trinidad !, lockh .,
Cr. ; [Veraguas, Panama!, Venezuela].

99. ’'W. buphthalmoides, Gr. Shrubby, scabrous with strigose down; leaves pe-
tioled, ovate-lanceolate 'or lanceolate, acuminate, serrate or subentire : petiole hispid-ciliate;
peduncles solitary, as long as the uppermost leaves ; involucral leaves longer than the disk ;
ligules oblong, long-exserted ; achenia of the disk oblong-linear, biconvex, with an argute
margin, which is broader at the base, smooth , of the ray somewhat broader, obovate-oblong,
margined : crown short, lobed. — Anomostephium, DC. — Probably a common and variable
species, but the achenia in P and y are still unknown : in one instance I see triplinerved and
arch- veined leaves on the same branch. Leaves 5"-4" (- 2 ") long ; heads 1£"-10"' diam.

a. Leaves 1-nerved, arch-veined, serrulate or subentire ; involucral leaves ovate-roundish,
blunt.

P- antiguensis, Nichols, (sec. Wullschl.). Leaves broader, serrate, triplinerved and veiny;
involucral leaves elliptical, pointed.

y. dominicensis. Leaves of a, but triplinerved ; involucral leaves elliptical-oblong,
pointed.

Hab. Bahamas!, Swains.; Antigua!, Finl., Wullschl. {P), Dominica!, Jmr. (y), S.
Vincent !, Ghuild. (a, y) ; [Guadeloupe !, in arid places, a, 7].

Of the other West Indian Wedelia, which probably all belong to Cyathophora, W. fru-
tescens, Jacq., has sessile or subsessile leaves, and will perhaps include W. calycina, Rich.,
acapulcensis, Kth., and W. affinis and lanceolata, DC. ; W. reticulata, DC., has uninerved
leaves and a tbickish vein-net beneath them; W. ambigua, DC., broad, triplinerved, long-
petioled leaves : the disk in this and in W. reticulata exceeds the involucre ; in W. Sieberi
{W. frutescens, Sieb. Mart. 201), from an imperfect specimen, the rays are included, and
the triplinerved leaves villous beneath.

30. MELANTI-IERA, Rich.

Head discoid, homogamous. Involucre 2-serial. Receptacle convex, paleaceous. Style-
branches hispidulous above, acute. Achenium compressed-angular, crowned with several
awns.- — Scabrous perennial herbs; stem tetragonal; leaves opposite, serrate, petioled, tri-
plinerved ; heads peduncled, single or ternate, white : prominent column black, with ter-
minal, white appendages.

100. Vtl. deltoidea, Rich. Leaves deltoid or slightly hastate ; exterior involucral
scales ovate (or ovate-oblong), blunt; palece niveronat e-acute. — Jacq. Ic. Rar. t. 583. —
Bidens nivea, Sw. Calea aspera, Jacq. M. Linneei, Kth., Sieb. Mart. 202. — 2'-5' high ; heads
5 '"-O'" diam. — PIab. Bahamas !, Swains. ; Jamaica I, Macf., M‘Nab, IVils., Wullschl., a
common weed ; Dominica !, Imr. ; Trinidad !, Sch., Cr. ; [Cuba ! and Mexico ! to Venezuela !
aud Ecuador !].

31. WULFFIA, NecJc.

Head radiate or discoid : the ray-flowers sterile. Involucre imbricate. Receptacle con-
vex, paleaceous. Style-branches hispidulous above. Achenium somewhat fleshy, compressed-
tetragonal, naked. — Scabrous shrubs, often scandent ; leaves opposite, serrate, petioled: in-
ferior vein-pairs more approximate to the leaf -base ; heads peduncled, axillary and ter-
minal, ternate or solitary, yellow.

101. W. stenoglossa, DC. Branches subtetrngonal ; leaves ovate-lanceolate or
ovate, acuminate, shortly cuneate at the base, minutely hispidulous ; involucre oppressed ■■
exterior scales ovate-lanceolate, bluntish, about half as long as the ray ; palete mucronate
at the incurved top, oblong. — W. capitata, Schultz Rip. / Tilesia capitate, Meg. Ess. ! —
Leaves 6"-4" long ; heads 1" diam. : exterior scales of the involucre 4'" long. — Hab. Do-
minica!, Imr., S. Vincent !, Guild.; Trinidad !, Sch. ; [Guiana ! to Peru!].

102. W. havanensis, DC. Branches sub-6-goual ; leaves ovate-oblong or ovate-

SYNANTHERE2E.

373

acuminate, bluntish at the base, minutely hispidulous ; involucre loose, subrccurvcd : exterior
scales foliaceous, oblong-lanceolate, pointed, somewhat exceeding the ray ; pale® incurved-
mucronate, obovate-oblong. — The determination of this species rests only on DC.’s incom-
plete diagnosis. — Exterior scales of the involucre 6'" long ; ligules 8-10, oblong, 2-dentate
little longer thau the disk. — TIab. Dominica !, Imr. ; [Cuba].

32. BIDENS, L.

Head radiate or discoid : the ray-flowers sterile. Involucre 2-serial. Receptacle flattish,
paleaceous : pale® deciduous with the achenium. Style-branches hispidulous above, acute.
Achenium compressed or tetragonal, 2-4(-6)-awned : awns persistent, retrorsely hispid. —
Leaves opposite, serrate or divided ; heads corymbose or single, yellow or white.

Sect. Psii.oca rpa’a, DC.- — Achenium tetragonal, linear, tapering above.

103. B. leucanthus, W. Annual, glabrous or nearly so ; stem erect, tetragonal ;
leaves pinnatisect, 1-3-jugal (rarely simple) : segments ovate-lanceolate or ovate, acumi-
nate ; heads corymbose : ray white or none ; exterior involucral scales oppressed, lanceo-
late, ciliate or puberulous ; achenia glabrous or hispidulous above : awns 2-4, diverging in
the exterior, erect in the central larger ones.- — Desc. FI. 8. t. 583. — Coreopsis, L. B. pilo-
sus, L. : the discoid form. B. brachycarpus and anthriscoides, DC. Coreopsis coronata, L.
{ex Plum. Ed. Burm. t. 53. f. 2), and C. alba, L. {ex Henn. Parad. t. 124).— A remark-
able form, with all leaves simple, hispidulous achenia, and whitish -pubescent involucres, was
collected by Dr. Alexander, but transitions into the common B. leucanthus occur among
Mr. March’s specimens. — Hab. Jamaica !, all coll., a common weed ; Antigua !, Wullschl. ;
Trinidad !, Sch., Or. ; [Florida ; Cuba 1 and Mexico ! to Brazil ! and Chili ! ; Pacific islands 1
to trop. Australia !, New Zealand 1, and East Indies ! ; Madeira !, trop. Africa ! to the Cape !].

104. B. Coreopsidis, DC. Stem herbaceous, scandent, cylindrical ; leaves pinnati-
sect, l(-2)-jugal, superior often, all rarely simple : segments ovate-lanceolate or oblong-lan-
ceolate, acuminate ; heads corymbose : ray yellow ; exterior involucral scales squarrose-
spreading, linear ; achenium hispidulous on two margins, or glabrescent : awns 2 (-4), di-
verging.— Sm. Spicil. t. 22 ; Bot. Reg. t. 7- — Coreopsis reptans, L. C. incisa, Ker. C.
chrysantha, L. {Plum. Ed. Burm. t. 53./. 1), is perhaps a form with smaller ligules. B.
tereticaulis, DC. : the common, glabrous form. B. squarrosus, Kth. : a hairy variety, with
the leaves densely pubescent beneath. B. speciosus, Gardn. ! — Ligules large, usually entire
at the top. — Hab. Jamaica !, all coll., in waste places ; Antigua !, Nichols., Wullschl.,
S. Vincent !, Guild. ; [Texas ! and Cuba ! to Brazil !].

105. B. bipinnatus, L. .Annual, glabrous; stem erect, tetragonal ; leaves 2-3 -pin-
natisect (rarely simply pinnatisect): segments small, cuneate-oblong or lanceolate; heads
long-peduncled : ray-Jlowers few, yellow, subincluded; exterior involucral scales spreading,
linear ; achenium long, glabrous or hispidulous above : awns 4-2, suberect or little diver-
ging.— B. cynapiifolius, Kth. B. portoricensis, Spreng. B. parviflorus, IP. : ex specim.
Turczan. — Hab. Jamaica (Lun.) ; Antigua!, Wullschl., a weed; [Connecticut and Cali-
fornia ! to Buenos Ayres ! ; Southern Siberia !; Southern Tirolia ! to trop. Africa !].

33. COSMOS, Cav.

Character of Bidens, but awns of the beaked achenium deciduous or abortive. — Leaves
2 -pinnatisect ; heads radiate, long-peduncled.

106. C. caudatus, Kth. Glabrous or nearly so ; leaf-segments lanceolate, scabrous on
the margin ; exterior involucral scales nearly as long as the inner series; ray rosy ; ache-
nium tapering from the middle into an upwardly scabrous beak : awns 2, horizontal. — 4'-7'
high ; achenium (the beak included) 10"'-12'" long. — Hab. Jamaica !, Bancr., Wits. ;
Antigua!, Wullschl., Dominical, Imr., S. Vincent!, Guild. ; Trinidad I, Sch. ; [Key West,
Cuba ! and Mexico ! to Ecuador 1].

107. C. sulfureus, Cav., var. leiorhynclius, Gr. Glabrous or nearly so : leaf-sog-
ments lanceolate, scabrous on the margin ; exterior involucral scales linear, exceeded by the
inner lanceolate ones ; ray yellow ; achenium longer than its beak: awns abortive (in a

374

SYNANTHERE2E.

1-3, minute).— Oar form has short, glabrous achenium-beaks, truncate at the summit : in
a the beak is hispid and half as long as the achenium. Aclienia 6"'-8"' lone. — Hab. Tri-
nidad !, Cr. ; [Venezuela ! ; a from Cuba and Mexico ! to Brazil !].

34. VERBESINA, L.

Head radiate, rarely discoid : the ray-flowers ? . Involucre 2-several-serial. Receptacle
convex or flat, paleaceous. Style-branches puberulous above, with a conical appendage.
Achenium vertically flat-compressed, 2-awned, often winged on the margin. — Herbs or
shrubs ; tertiary leaf-veins often pellucid.

Sect. 1. Vekbesinaria, DC. — Awns of the achenium straight , subequal.

108. V. gigantea, Jacq. Shrubby ; branches naked, striate-cylindrical, glabrous, pu-
bescent at the summit ; leaves alternate , pinnatipartite (or the uppermost subentire), gla-
brescent above, pubescent beneath : segments oblong, acuminate, few-dentate or entire :
petiole winged , not decurrent ; heads campanulate, in compound corymbs : ray few-flowered,
white (or none) ; involucre 2-3-serial : scales lanceolate, pubescent, exterior shorter ; pale®
convolute, oblong, mucronulate-bluntish, ciliate above; acheuium obcordatc, broadly winged,
with the wing pale, ciliate: awns erect, equal. — Jacq. Ic. Rar. t. 175. — V. piunatifida, Sw.
( non Cav.). — 10 -12' high ; inferior leaves 10"-16" long; head 4'" loDg, 20-12-flowered.
— Hab. Jamaica!, all coll., in the mountains; Dominica !, Imr. ; [Guadeloupe!; Panama!].

Sect. 2. Hamulium, Cass. — Awns of the achenium unequal, the longer uncinate

at the top.

109. V. alata, L. Herbaceous, stoloniferous at the base, hispidulous or glabrescent;
stem winged by decurrent leaves ; leaves alternate , obovate or spathulate-lanceolate, un-
equally dentate or dentate-repand, contracted at the base ; heads subsolitary, long-peduncled :
ray orange, subincluded; involucre 2-serial : scales lanceolate, exterior longer; pale® con-
volute, linear, acuminate ; achenium obovate, broadly winged, with the wing pale, ciliate ;
uncinate awn twice as long as the straight one. — Stem l'-2' high ; leaves 4"-2'' long ; head
4'" diam. — Hab. Jamaica!, all coll., a weed ; [Cuba!, Guadeloupe !; Mexico to Guiana],

35. CHiENOCEPHALUS, Cr. ( nov.gen .).

Head discoid, homogamous : flowers spreading from each other. Involucre 1-serial. Re-
ceptacle miuute, paleaceous. Corolla curved above the base, 5-dentate. Anthers jointed
with the filaments : connective thickened towards the joiut and callous below the cells. Style
with a basilar tumour : branches hispidulous above, with a bluntish point. Achenium ver-
tically compressed, with keeled facets, 2-awned, narrowly winged.- — High shrubs ; leaves
alternate ; heads corymbose, in a terminal, fastigiale panicle : its inferior peduncles
axillary.

Salrnea curviflora, R. Br., if a congener, would be distinguished from our species by “one
of the fruit-awns transformed into a wing.” The true Salrnea, though nearly related, have
an imbricate involucre, straight coroll®, the anthers more distinctly tailed, the connective
not callous at the base, and opposite leaves.

110. C. petrobioides, Gr. 20' high ; branches cylindrical, striate, slightly puberu-
lous ; leaves early glabrous, spathulate-oblong, mucronate or bluntish, tapering into a short
petiole or subsessile, dentate-serrate or remotely serrulate -repaud, smooth above, with pro-
minent, costate veins beneath, 8"-3" long, 3"-l" broad, uppermost decrescent ; panicle
hispidulous, 6” diam. ; heads 6'" diam., 12-16-llowered; involucre recurved, shorter than
the exterior pale® : leaves linear, blunt ; pale® convolute around the flower, oblong, blunt,
striate, glabrescent, 3'" long ; corolla-tube cylindrical, dilated at the base : indexed limb
5-lid to with oblong-linear lobes ; anthers minutely sagittate : cells filiform, narrower at
the base than the callous connective ; style-tumour ovoid, glabrous : branches revolute, ex-
serted ; achenium cuneate-obovate, hairy or glabresent, black, 2{'" long : awns straight,
proceeding from the angles, slightly unequal, V"-lb'" loug, dccurrcut into the very narrow,
pale wing, which lines the margin of the achenium. — IIab. Jamaica!, Rd., Wullschl., Man-
chester, on Martin’s hill, Iluntly.

SYNANTHEREiE.

375

36. SALMEAj DC.

Head discoid, homogainous. Involucre imbricate-2-serial. Receptacle conical, paleaceous.
Anthers bimncronate at the base. Style with a basilar tumour : branches puberulous, with
a blunt point. Achenium vertically compressed, 2-awned. — Trailing shrubs; leaves oppo-
site ; heads corymbose, white.

Sect. 1. Eusalmea. — Style-tumour hemispherical : branches devoid of a terminal appen-
dage, blunt. Awns of the achenium wingless. — Heads pedicellate, single in the corymbs.

111. S. grandiceps, Cass. Glabrous or glabrescent at the top; leaves petioled, ovate
or ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, denticulate-repan d or subentire ; pedicels 3-5-nate : heads
rhomboid- conical ; involucre 2-3-serial: scales ovate or ovate-oblong, interior longer, ex-
ceeded by the flowers ; pale® oblong-linear, blunt ; achenium ciliate, obversely lanceolate,
twice as long as the subequal awns. — -Calea Acmellus, L. Bidens scandens, Sw. < non L.).
S. scandens, DO. ( exclus . syn. Linn.). S. Eupatoria, /3, DC. — Leaves 4,,-2", heads 4/"-6w,
flowers 2"' long, odorous ; achenium 1 long. — S. scandens, R. Br. ( Bidens , L. S. par -
viceps, Cass. Bot. Mag. t. 2062), is a continental species (Mexico!, Panama!, Brazil!),
distinguished by smaller (2"' diam.), hemispherical heads and shorter flowers. — Hab. Ja-
maica!, Macf, Al., Pd., Wils., March, in the mountains; [Cuba!, Haiti !, Portorico !].

112. S. oppositiceps, Cass. Glabrous, puberulous at the top; leaves petioled, ovate
or ovate-lauceolate, acuminate, deuticulate-repand ; pedicels 3-5-nate : heads oblong, blunt -
ish at the base ; involucre 2-3 -serial : scales ovate, interior oblong, longer, exceeded by the
flowers; pale® oblong-linear, bluntish ; awns of the ovary subequal. — Habit of the preced-
ing, but heads 2'" long, scarcely V" thick, flowers l-)-"' long, less numerous than in S. scan-
dens, which has broader involucral scales. — Hab. Trinidad !, Or.

113. S. sessilifolia, Gr. Rusty-villous ; leaves subsessile, ovate, acmninate, den-
ticulate-repand ; corymbs loose: heads hemispherical ; involucre 3-serial: scales ovate-
roundish ; pale® oblong-linear, excurrent at the summit into a broader, roundish appendage ;
awns of the ovary unequal, or one of them abortive. — S. Eupatoria, a, DC.? — A trailing
shrub : leaves 4"-2" long, broadly rounded at the base : down more scattered than on the
branches and corymbs; heads 2'" diam. — Hab. Jamaica!, Pd., Westmoreland,

Sect. 2. Hopkirkia. — Style-tumours ovoid : branches with a bluntish, conical appendage.

A wns of the achenium unequal, winged. —Heads glomerate in the corymbs.

114. S. hirsuta, DC. Branches striate, villous-pubescent; leaves petioled, ovatc-
lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate, acuminate, with a narrow point, denticulate-repand or sub-
entire, seabrous-hispidulous above, villous- tome ntose beneath ; corymbs trichotomous : heads
ternately subsessile, oblong ; involucre 2-3-serial : scales ovate-oblong or oblong-lanceolate,
interior half as long as the flowers and exterior pale® ; pale® oblong, acuminate ; achenium
cuneate-linear : longer awn externally winged, with the wing shortly decurrent, shorter
margined. — Bidens, Sw. /—Leaves 5"-3" long; heads 10-1 5 -flowered, 3 '"-4"' long. — Hab.
Jamaica !, Sw., Macf., Al., Pd., Wullschl., in the mountains, S. Anns, Manchester.

Sect. 3. Sterkhanthemijm.— Style-tumour hemispherical: branches revolute, with a ter-
minal, sub globose appendage. Awns of the achenium. wingless, equal. — Heads shortly

pedicellate, in densely fastigiate corymbs.

115. S. petrobioides, Gr. ( n . sp.). Glabrous; leaves somewhat fleshy, petioled,
obovate or oval, mucronulate, quite entire ; corymbs terminal, short, trichotomous : heads
obconical-oblong, truncate ; involucre 2-serial : inner scales oblong-linear, half as long as
the exterior pale®, exterior loose, minute, ovate, pointed ; pale® oblong, pointed ; achenium
obovatc-cuneate, glabrous, ciliate at the top, twice as long as the awns.— A tortuous, branched
shrub, resembling Petrobinm ; leaves 12"'-8'", petiole 2"' long ; corymbs V'-li" diam. :
heads densely aggregate, 2"' long, 8-12-llowered.— Hab. Bahamas !, Swains.

37. SP1LANTHES, Jacq.

Head discoid or shortly radiate : the ray-tlowors !j? . Involucre 1-2-serial. Receptacle

373

SYNANTIIEllE/E.

cylindrical or conical, paleaceous. Style-branches truncate, pcnicillate at the top. Achenia
of the disk compressed, often with a ciliate margin, of the ray compressed-angular, all naked
or crowned with 2 (1-3) awns or bristles. — Herbs; leaves opposite; heads lony-pedun-
cled.

116. S. uliginosa, Sw. Annual, diffuse, glabrescent ; leaves ovate-lanceolate, lanceo-
late or ovate, creuulate-repand, triplinerved, contracted or tapering at the petioled base ;
heads ovoid, at length conical, radiate ; receptacle cylindrical ; involucral scales 5 (-6) ;
ray-flowers subincluded ; achenium naked , or with 2 minute bristles , ciliate. — S. tenella and
debilis, Kth. S. Salzmanni, BO. — -Bay white: achenium black, with a white margin, i'"
loug. — Hab. Jamaica!, all coll., common in moist places; Antigua I, Wullschl. ; Trinidad!,
Sch., Or. ; [French islands ! ; Mexico ! to Peru ! and Brazil !].

117. S. exasperata, Jacq. Annual, virgate, scabrous-puberulous or glabrescent;
leaves ovate or lanceolate, crenulate or repand, triplinerved, contracted or tapering at the
petioled base ; heads conical, discoid (rarely radiate) ; receptacle cylindrical ; involucral
scales 5 ; achenium. shortly 2-awned, ciliate. — Jacq. Ic. Bar. t. 584. — Scarcely to he dis-
tinguished from the preceding, but the achenia l'" long, and with longer awns. — Hab. S.
Vincent!, Guild.; Trinidad !, Cr.; [Panama! to Guiana!].

11S. S. urens, Jacq. Perennial, glabrescent ; branches ascending from a radicant base;
leaves lanceolate (or linear), quite entire, tapering towards the subsessile base ; heads soli-
tary, subglobose, at length bluntly conical, discoid ; receptacle conical-cylindrical ; involu-
cral scales 2-serial, 6-7 ; achenium 2-awned, ciliate : awns unequal, the longer hispidulous.
— Jacq. Amer. Piet. t. 194. — Heads white, larger than in the preceding, 4"' diam. — Hab.
S. Vincent !, Guild., on the seashore ; [Haiti ! ; New Granada, Peru !, Brazil !].

S. oleracea, Jacq. (Desc. PI. 1. t. 52), a discoid species, with ovate, petioled leaves, and
12-20 involucral scales, is only cultivated in Jamaica !, Bancr.

38. K50CARPHA, B. Br.

(Dunantia, DC.)

Head discoid. Involucre replaced by the exterior paleae or incomplete. Beceptacle
cylindrical or conical, paleaceous. Anthers yellow. Style-branches with a hispidulous, fili-
form, or bluntish appendage. Achenium tetragonal, naked. Suffrutescent herbs ; leaves
opposite, or the superior alternate ; heads glomerate or single, peduncled, whitish.

The difference of setaceous or bluntish appendages of the style is apparently of no great
value, though from the habit two sections may be distinguished, one resembling Spilanthes
(and including I. divaricata, Benth.), the other identical with Bunaniia : to the latter 1
refer a Mexican plant, agreeing with I. echioides, Less.

Sect. 1. Dunantia, BC.— Heads turbinate at the base. Palece rigid, 2-3 -nerved. —

Leaves opposite.

119. I. oppositifolia, R. Br. Virgate, pubescent; leaves sessile, lanceolate, bluntish,
triplinerved, subentire ; heads ternately subsessile ; peduncles long, 3-fid or simple; recep-
tacle shortly conical-cylindrical ; paleee mucronate, exterior often fertile ; appendages of the
style-branches setaceous ; achenium glabrous. — Calea, L., Sw. — 2' high ; heads S'''—!'"
long ; palea-nerves thickish, contiguous along the middle line. — Hab. Bahamas !, Swains. ;
Jamaica !, Macf., Pd., IVils., on the seacoast {Pd.), in the hills {Sw.) ; Trinidad !, Lockh.,
on gravelly banks.

120. I. ang-ustata, Gr. {n. sp). Branched, pubescent, with scattered hairs; leaves
oblong-lanceolate, bluntish, quite entire, triplinerved above the loug, contracted base,
which ofteu tapers into a short petiole ; heads single (-geminate) : peduncle about as long
as the uppermost leaves ; receptacle shortly conical-cylindrical ; pale® 2-3-nerved, mucro-
nate, exterior sterile, green ; appendages of the style-branches thickish-filiform., pointed ;
achenium glabrous. — Spithameous ; leaves (the petiolar base included) l1' long, 3"'-4"'
broad, contracted from the middle or below it, less pubescent than in the preceding ; head
3'" long: palece-norvcs as in the preceding. — Hab. Jamaica!,^/., near the cascade of
Fall’s river.

SYNANTHERE2E.

377

Sect. 2. Spilanthodia. — Heads ovoid , at length conical. Palece membranaceous. —
Leaves all, or superior alternate.

121. I. atriplicifolia, R. Br. Stem erect, branched, scabrous-puberulous, and gla-
brescent ; leaves ovate or lanceolate, serrate, arch-veined, glabrous, contracted into the
petiole, which is auricled at the base : usually most alternate ; heads single, numerous ; re-
ceptacle conical-cylindrical ; pale® 1 -nerved, exterior sterile ; appendages of the style-
branches setaceous ; achenium pubescent. — Spilanthes, L. I. Billbergiana, Less., is perhaps
an opposite-leaved form, with the uppermost leaves alternate : such a form occurs in Tri-
nidad, together with the alternate-leaved one. — 1-3' high ; heads 4'" long, somewhat
pointed. — Hab. Trinidad !, Lockh., Or., in moist savannahs ; [Cuba!; New GranadaJ.

39. SYNEDRELLA, G.

Head radiate : the ray-flowers $ : disk 5-1 2-flowered. Involucre few-leaved, foliaceous.
Receptacle miuute, paleaceous. Style-branches with a hispidulous setaceous appendage.
Achenia of the ray compressed, winged, with the wing cut into flatfish spines, of the disk
linear, flat-convex, sub-3-angular, tubercled, 2(-3)-awned. — A diffuse, annual herb; leaves
opposite ; heads subsessile, glomerate-geminate in the axils, yellow.

122. S. nodiflora, G. — SI. t. 154./. 4. — Verbesina, L. — Stem pubescent or glabrate;
leaves ovate, triplinerved, pointed, cuneate at the petioled base, serrulate or subentire ; heads
4"' long. — Hab. Jamaica !, all coll., a common weed ; Antigua !, Wullschl., Dominica !,
Imr., S. Vincent !, Guild. ; Trinidad !, Sell. ; [Cuba ! and Mexico ! to Guiana ! and Peru !].

40. CHRYSANTHELLUM, Rich.

Head radiate : ray-flowers $ . Involucre 2-1 -serial. Receptacle flat, paleaceous. Style-
branches shortly conical, hispidulous. Achenia of the ray cylindrical, callous, 3 -furrowed
on each side, of the disk compressed, narrowly winged, with the wing dentate-ciliate, or all
compressed, naked. — Diffuse, annual, glabrous herbs; leaves alternate, lowest rosulate ;
heads peduncled, yellow.

123. C. procumbens, Rich. Leaves cuneate, serrate, or cut, inferior petioled ; ray-
flowers 10-12, disk few-flowered; achenia of the ray cylindrical, of the disk compressed. —
SI. t. 155./. 3. Sw. Obs. 1. 8./. 1. — C. Swarlzii, Less. Verhesina mutica, L., Sw. An-
themis americana, Z.— Procumbent ; heads small. — Hab. Jamaica \, Bancr., Mac/., List.,
M‘Nab, Wullschl., in pastur es, uncommon ; [Cuba ! to Brazil !].

Subserics 3. Tagetinese. — Bisk-flowers hermaphrodite. Receptacle naked, flat. — Leaves

dotted with large, pellucid glands.

41. PECTIS, L.

Head radiate : ray-flowers . Involucre 1-serial. Corollce of the disk often unequally
5-dentate. Style hispidulous above and along its short branches. Achenium filiform, striate,
tapering at the base . pappus of scales, whicli usually are produced into awus, or of awns, or
of scabrous bristles.— Herbs, usually annual; leaves opposite, 1 -nerved, often fringed with
bristles towards the base ; heads slender, yellow.

Sect. 1. Pectidium, Less. — Pappus of a few, spreading , glabrous awns.

124. P. punctata, Jacq. Annual, glabrous, slender, diehotomously branched above ;
leaves linear, acuminate at both ends, dotted beneath, smooth on the margin : bristles few
at their base, short, or none ; heads long -pedicellate ; iuvolucral scales 5 (-4), linear, blunt,
dotted with linear, black glands; ray 5-, disk few-flowered; achenium hispidulous above;

-tv Vfbulif<fm-~JacQ- Amer. Piet. t. 190. SI. t. 149./. 3. Lam. III. t. 684.—
. ’ h„ *c- and Lam. : non Less.). Pectidium puuetatum, Less. — 1-3' high ;

leaves 1-2 broad. Hab. Jamaica!, all coll., along the sandy seaeoast ; [Cuba! to
I rench islands ; Venezuela 1 ; Galapagos !].

378

SYNANTlIEREiE.

Sect. 2. Eupectis. — Pappus 1 -serial, of distinct scales, usually produced into scabrous

awns.

* Heads pedicellate, single.

125. P. Swartziana, Less. Annual, glabrous, slender, trichotomously branched above ;
leaves oblong -linear, mucronulate, dotted beneath, scabrous on the margin : bristles few at
their base (or none) ; heads pedicellate : involueral scales 8-5, oblong-linear, blunt, convo-
lute; ray 8-5-, disk 5 -flowered ; achenia hispidulous: scales minute, most of them devoid
of awns. — Plum. Ed. Burm. t. 86. /. 1 : rough. — P. ciliaris, Sw. {non L). — 1'-2' high ;
leaves 2"' broad. — PIab. Jamaica !, Macf., in dry soil; [Haiti; Panama!].

126. P. linifolia, Less. ( exclus . syn.). Annual, slender, branched at the base: inter-

nodes puberulous, hairs in 2-4 rows ; leaves linear, mucronulate, dotted beneath, scabrous on
the margin and midrib beneath, with long bristles below the middle ; pedicels about, as long
as the heads; involueral scales 5 (-6), oblong-linear, bluntish, convolute ; ray 5-, disk 10-5
(_few).flowered ; achenia pubescent, of the ray 2-, of the disk 4-5-awued : awns subequal,
dilated at the base into a lanceolate scale.- — Spithameous -1|' high ; leaves broad.

Hab. Jamaica!, Macf.; [Key West to S. Thomas].

** Heads subsessile, or longer than their pedicel.

127. P. ciliaris, L. {non Less). Annual, branched from the base ; stems slender, often
compressed, puberulous, hairs in 2 rows ; leaves obversely lanceolate-linear , rounded-acute,
usually tapering below the middle, dotted beneath, scabrous on the margin, with long bristles
below the middle ; heads single-ternate, subsessile, or longer than their pedicel ; involueral
scales 5, oblong, mucronulate, keeled below ; ray 5-, disk 5-8-flowered ; achenia hispidulous,
of the ray 2(-3)-, of the disk 5-4-awned : awns subequal, lanceolate below the middle.

P. anceps, Less. P. costata, Ser. Though Plunder's rough figure, quoted by Linnaeus, is to
be excluded, from his description and the Jamaica origin, this is evidently his P. ciliaris.—-
Spithameous-1' high ; leaves 1" long, or shorter, 2-1'" broad. IIab. Jamaica !, Macf.,
M'Nab, Pd., S. Andrews, in the Liguaua plains ; [Cuba].

128. P. prostrata, Cav. Annual, procumbent, branched from the base : internodes pu-
berulous, hairs in 2 rows ; leaves obversely lanceolate, mucronulate or blunt, tapering towards
the base’ dotted with scattered glands, scabrous on the margin, with long bristles near the
base ; heads single, subsessile, or much longer than their short pedicel ; involueral scales 5
oblong thickened on the back ; ray 5-, disk 5-6-flowered ; achenia hispidulous, of the disk
with 5-4 of the ray with 2, unilateral scales : scales lanceolate, shortly aurned: the awns
shorter than the scale, subequal.— Caw. Ic. t. 324. Plum. Ed Burm t. M f 2: rough.
3''-8" long; leaves 10"'-6'" (-15"') long, 2"'-l'" broad.— Hab. Antigua!, Wullschl. ;
[Cuba ! ; Texas !, New Mexico !, Yucatan I, New Granada !, Brazil !].

129 P humifusa, Sw. Annual, suffrutescent at the base, procumbent, branched
from the base ; leaves spathulate, rounded at the top, mucronulate, or usually quite blunt,
dotted with scattered glands, scabrous on the margin, with long bristles near the base ;
heads single, much longer than their short pedicel, or subsessile ; involueral scales 5, oval-
oblong, blunt, keeled below; ray 5-, disk 10 (-20) -flowered; achenia hairy in rows, of the
rav 5-3-, of the disk 14-6-awned : awns subequal, linear at the base.—P. prostrata, Sieb.
PSieberi, Less. P. serpyllifolia, Less.: a small-leaved form.-3"-6" long ; leaves 6"-3"
long 2"'-l"' broad.— Hab. St. Kitts (Sw.), Antigua!, Wullschl., Dominica !, Imr., m savan-
nahs’, S. Vincent !, Guild. ; [Portorico ! to French islands 1].

130. P. Plumieri, Gr. (n. sp). Suffrutescent at the base ; stems ascending, stout,
obhiselv 4-gonal, glabrous, shortly-branched above ; leaves linear, acuminate , dotted e-
neath scabrous on the margin, with long bristles near the base ; heads narrow, single-gcmi-
nate much longer than their short pedicel; involueral scales 5, linear, acuminate, convolute
5 , disk 5-few-flowered ; achenia glahrescent, of the ray 3-4-, of the disk 8-awncd
awns subequal, setaceous at the slight y dilated base.— Plum. Ed. Bus
roach — Root apparently perennial; stems several, spithamcous-1 high, leaves 14
long, 1"' broad, channelled ; heads 4"' long ; awns scabrous, long, in the ray often o e
shorter. — IIab. Jamaica!, M'Nab, S. Marys.

SYNANTIIERE2E.

379

42. POROPHYLLUM, Vaill.

Head discoid. Involucre 1 -serial: scales valvate, at first connected, at length distinct.
Style-branches with hispidulons appendages. Achenium elongated, tapering above : pappus
pilose, of many soft hairs. — Glabrous herbs ; leaves usually alternate, glaucous ; heads long-
peduncled, purple.

131. P. ruderale, Cass. Annual, erect; leaves petioled, oblong-lanceolate or oblong,
pointed or bluut, crenate or entire ; peduncles subequal ; heads cylindrical ; involucral
scales 5, oblong-linear, callous at the point ; corolla-limb equal ; achenium linear, compressed,
hispidulous. — Jacq. Amer. Piet. 1. 195. — Kleinia, Sw. Caealia Porophyllum, L. P. ellipti-
cum, Cass. : the blunt-leaved form, which is less common in the West Indies : the leaves in
both are dotted with large, scattered glands. — Hab. Jamaica !, At., Wils., a weed; Antigua !,
JVu/lschl., Dominica !, Lmr., S. Vincent !, Guild. ; [Cuba 1 and Mexico ! to Buenos Ayres !
and Pern ! ; Galapagos !].

Subseries 4. Helenieee. — Disk-flowers hermaphrodite. Pappus of distinct scales. —
Leaves usually alternate, but opposite in the West Indian genera.

43. CALEA, L., R. Br.

Head discoid or radiate : ray-flowers 9 • Involucre imbricate. Receptacle conical,
paleaceous. Style-branches subtruncate, or with a minute conical appendage. Achenium
slightly angular; pappus of 20-10 (-5), linear -setaceous, uninerved, pinnatifid-striate, ser-
rulate scales. — Shrubs ; leaves opposite, scabrous-pubescent, triplinerved, glandular beneath ;
heads in terminal or axillary corymbs, purplish or yellow ; corolla-lobes veinless between
the marginal nerves.

132. C. jamaicensis, L. Leaves ovate or ovate-lanceolate, pointed, serrate or sub-
entire, densely scabrous-pubescent, rounded at the shortly -petioled base ; heads discoid, in
umbelliform corymbs, single or glomerate ; involucral scales ovate and ovate-oblong, blunt ;
palese bluntish; achenium glabrous, papillose above, as long as the pappus. — SI. 1. 151. f. 3.
— C. cordifolia, Sw. ! : agreeing with Linnaeus’s species (compared by Dr. Alexander in the
British Museum), except by having broader, serrate leaves, and a richer inflorescence : such
differences however occur on the same branch. — Leaves 2"-l" long; heads 3"'-4"' long,
15-20-flowered. — Hab. Jamaica!, Sw., Mac/., Al., Wullschl., in mountain-thickets.

133. C. solidaginea, Kth. Leaves ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, subserrate or entire,
scabrons above, puberulous or glabrescent beneath, cuneate at the base, petioled; heads
discoid, in umbelliform corymbs ; involucral scales ovate-oblong and oblong-lanceolate, in-
terior and pale® blunt at the acuminate top ; achenium pubescent, shorter than the pappus.
• — Kth. N. Gen. t. 407.— A “sweet-smelling” shrub; leaves 3"-2" long ; heads 4'" long.
— Hab. Trinidad !, Lockh., in dry soil; [Venezuela].

44. GALINSOGA, R. P.

Head radiate (or discoid) : ray-flowers ? , its ligules small, roundish. Involucre 1-serial.
Receptacle conical, paleaceous. Style-branches short, with a conical point. Achenium
angular: pappus of 8-16, lanceolate, acuminate, striate, fringed scales.— Annual, diffuse
herbs ; leaves opposite, triplinerved ; heads peduncled.

134. G. parviflora, Cav. Glabrescent or with scattered, hispidulous down; leaves
ovate or ovate-lanceolate, pointed, serrate or subentire ; paleoe 3(-2)-fid. — Ray whitish. —
IIab. Jamaica!, M'Nab, March, Wils., a weed, Port Royal mountains, at 4000' alt.;
[Mexico to Chili ; naturalized in the United States and northern Europe].

Subserics 5. Anthemideee. — Disk-flowers mostly hermaphrodite. Achenium naked or

crowned. — Leaves alternate.

45. EGLETES, Less.

Head radiate : rny-flowers $ . Involucre imbricate. Receptacle convex, naked. Corolla

2 c

380

SYNANTHEIIE7E.

of tlie disk terete, 3-5-dentate. Style-branches with a short conical appendage. Ache
niuwi oheonical : crown callous, 9ubentire or denticulate. — Procumbent leafy herbs ; heads
peduncled, lateral: ray white.

135. E. domingensis, Cass. Perennial, arachnoid-pubescent or glabrescent; leaves
subsessile, cuneate-obovate, dentate above the middle; ligules scarcely twice as long as (be
involucre, 2-3-dentate; disk-flowers 5-dcntate. — Matricaria prostrata, Sw. — Hab. Jamaica!,
M‘Nab, March ; Antigua !, Wullschl.; Trinidad !, Sch. ; [Haiti to French islands ! ; Vene-
zuela, equat. Brazil!].

46*. PYRETHRUM, G.

Head radiate (or discoid) : ray-flowers ^ • Involucre imbricate. Receptacle convex,
naked. Corolla-tube of the disk-flowers winged-compressed. Style-branches truncate.
Achenium prismatical : angles equidistant : crown membranaceous. — Ray white or yellow.

136*. P. Farthenium, Sm. Perennial, glabrescent ; leaves petioled, piunatisect :
pinnee pinnatifid, uppermost serrate; heads in a terminal corymb: ray white; involucre
hemispherical, at length umbilicate, half as long as the ray ; crown of the achenium short,
lacerate. — Matricaria, A.— Hab. Naturalized in Jamaica !, M‘Nab ; [introduced from
Europe] .

Subseries 6. Gnaphaliese. — Head discoid. Anthers tailed. Style-branches iruncale-
penicillate. Pappus pilose. — Leaves alternate, often woolly.

47. GNAPIIALIUM, L.

Head heterogamous : exterior flowers ? , numerous, filiform, central hermaphrodite. In-
volucre connivent-imbricate, searious. Receptacle flat, naked. Achenium subcompressed
or cylindrical : pappus soft, 1-serial, deciduous. — Leaves sessile or decurrent.

* Clusters corymbose.

137. G. albescens, Sw. Stem erect, white-tomentose, suffrutescent at the base;
leaves sessile, linear-lanceolate, acuminate, tapering towards the base, subentire, tomentose
on both sides, white beneath ; clusters in a terminal corymbose panicle ; involucral scales
white, ovate or oblong, bluntish or blunt ; flowers 20-30, hermaphrodite few. — G. poly-
cephalum, Mich, (obtusi folium, L.), is apparently a variety with the leaves roughish and
green on the upper side, the involucral scales proving variable. — 2'-3' high ; leaves 1"' broad
at the base ; heads 2"' long. — Hab. Jamaica !, Bancr., At., on the summits of the Liguana
hills ; [Cuba ! ; G. polycephalum from the United States ! to Chili (i«.)].

138. G. domingense, lam. Stem erect, white-tomentose, suffruticose at the base ;
leaves broadly sessile, lanceolate, shortly acuminate, unequally crenate, rough on the upper
green side, white-tomentose beneath; clusters in a terminal, subfastigiate corymb; invo-
lucre campanulate : scales whitish-straw-coloured, ovate or ovate-oblong, bluntish or blunt;
flowers 50-60, hermaphrodite 7-8. — G. elegans, Kth. G. Poeppigiauum, DC., ap. Benth.
PI. Hartweg. ! G. oxvphyllum, /3 semilanatum, DC., ap. Steeiz, PI. Seem. ! — Stouter than
the preceding ; leaves *2"' broad at the base: heads 3'" long, sometimes pale-rusty. — Hab.
Jamaica !, Macf, M'Nab, Wils., March, in the mountains of S. Andrews, at 4000' alt. ;
[Haiti ; Mexico to Peru].

** Clusters spicate.

139. G. americanum, Mill., Sw. Stem erect, white-tomentose, nearly simple ; leaves
spathulate-lanccolate, white-tomentose beneath, with appressed down, lowest sputhulate ;
clusters spicate, inferior usually shortly pcduncled, distant; involucre few-serial: inner
scales oblong , pointed or bluntish, brownish above or whitish ; achenium slightly scabrous.
— Hook. Ft. Antarct. 2. t. 93. — G. spicatum, Lain. sec. Less. (Liniuva, 1831, p. 226) :
with Lessing, 1 distinguish G. purpuremn, L. (Dill. Ht. f. 132), by the linear, blunt inner
scales of the involucre, and the more deciduous wool of the leaves. — Hab. Jamaica!, Pd.
M'Nab, Wils., March, in the mountains at 4000' alt. and lower down, S. Andrews, S. Tho-
mas i. V., Manchester ; [Texas 1 to Antarctic America ! ; Falklnnds !, Juan Fernandez !].

SYNANTHERE7E.

381

Subseries 7- Senecioneoe. — Disk-flowers hermaphrodite. Anthers not tailed. Pappus

pilose. — Leaves usually alternate.

48. NEUROLiENA, B. Br.

Head discoid, homogamous. Involucre imbricate : inner scales coloured. Receptacle
ilattish, paleaceous. Style-branches with a conical summit. Achenium terete, shortly sti-
pitate : pappus-hairs scabrous. — A suffrutescent, scabrous herb ; leaves tapering at the base,
serrate or trifld ; involucre-scales blunt, striate ; heads yellow, in a corymbose panicle.

140. N. lobata, B. Br. — SI. t. 154 .f. 4. — Conyza, L. Calea, Sw. — 4-7' high; leaves
variable, oblong-lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate, cuneate below the lobes, puberulous, scabrous
or tomentose beneath. — Hab. Jamaica!, all coll., common in the hills and valleys, along
riversides ; Dominica !, Imr., S. Vincent !, Guild. ; Trinidad !, Cr. ; [Cuba ! and Mexico !
to Ecuador ! and Guiana !] .

49. ERECHTHITES, Baf.

Head heterogamous : exterior flowers 9 , filiform, central hermaphrodite. Involucre 1-
serial, with exterior accessory scales. Beceptacle naked. Style-branches with a conical
summit. Achenium terete, striate, with keels, tapering above : pappus soft. — Annual herbs :
habit of Sonchus : heads in corymbs, whitish.

141. E. hieracifolia, Baf. Glabrescent or hairy ; stem erect, striate; leaves oblong-
lanceolate, sessile at the tapering base, dentate or inciso-dentate ; corymb suherect ; invo-
lucre cylindrical : exterior scales 6-12 ; achenium slightly tapering above. — Senecio, L. —
Inner scales of the involucre somewhat combiued, at length distinct.

[a. Glabrescent; inner scales of the involucre broadly linear, 8"' long, exterior about 6,
much shorter. — United States ! ; Venezuela !]

fi. carduifolius, DC. Glabrescent ; inner scales of the involucre narrow, 4"'-5"' long,
exterior about 12, half or ^ as long, somewhat squarrose. — Senecio hieracifolius, May.
Esseq. I

y. cacalioides, Less. Hairy ; inner scales of the involucre narrow, 5" -6W long, exterior
about 8, -j as long, suberect. — Sonchus agrestis, Sw.

Hab. Jamaica!, all coll., a common weed (7); Antigua!, Wullschl. 09) ; S. Vincent !,
Guild. ; Trinidad !, Cr. (0) ; [United States ! to Buenos Ayres ! ; naturalized in Mauritius!].

50*. EMILIA, Cass.

Head discoid, homogamous. Involucre 1 -serial, devoid of accessory scales. Beceptacle
naked. Style-branches with a conical summit. Achenium 5-gonal, scabrous on the angles :
pappus soft. — Annual herbs; heads in loose corymbs.

142*. E. sonchifolia, DC. Glaucous, glabrescent ; inferior leaves lyrate, superior
sagittate, stem-clasping ; heads long-pedicellate, orange-purple, many-flowered ; involucre
cylindrical, nearly as long as the flowers ; corolhe straight. — Cacalia, L. — Hab. Jamaica !,
Al., a weed; S. Kitts !, Els., Antigua !, Wullschl., Dominica !, Imr. ; Trinidad !, Sieb. Tr.
78 ; [Guiana ! to Brazil ! ; East Indies !].

51. GYNOXYS, Cass.

Head radiate -. ray-flowers 9 , ligulate. Involucre 1-serial, with exterior accessory scales.
Beceptacle flat, naked. Style with a tumour at the base : branches terminated by a pointed,
subuliform, hispidulous appendage. Achenium subeylindrical : pappus soft. — Moody plants,
ojlcn scandent ; heads yellow, corymbose.

Many South Amcricau, and chiefly the West Indian Seneciones, have a short conical ap-
pen age o the style-branches : hence Gynoxys, if Senecio is not further dismembered, is as
yet an artificial genus.

1 ^ V G> *ncana» , Whitish, with thin arachnoid down ; leaves alternate, subsessilc,
lanceolate-oblong or elliptical-oblong, pointed, dissected into lobes or large teeth at the

2 c 2

382

SYNANTHERE2E.

tapering base, remotely serrate or serrulate above, glabrescent on the upper side ; corymbs
compound, special subglobose ; heads 12-18-flowered : ligules 5-G, linear, 2-dentate, half
as long again as the involucre; scales of the involucre 10-12' accessory few, short, linear. —
Cineraria, Sw. ! Senecio jamaicensis, DC. — A shrub ( Sw .), but somewhat trailing (Pd.) ;
leaves 12"-5" long; involucre 4"' long ; teeth of the disk-flowers linear; style-branches ex-
actly as in G. Cumingii: basilar tumour conical; achenium glabrous, callous at the thick-
ened base. — II ab. Jamaica 1, Sw., Macf., Wils., in the mountains, near S. Ann’s bay, 'West-
moreland, southern districts.

52. SENECIO, L.

Head radiate, rarely discoid : ray-flowers ? , ligulate. Involucre 1-serial, with exterior
accessory scales. Receptacle flat, naked. Style-branches truncate, or with a short conical
appendage. Achenium subcylindrical : pappus soft. — Our West Indian species are shrubs,
with corymbose inflorescence.

Sect. 1. Pericalia. — Corolla of the disk abruptly dilated at the base. Style with a
basilar hemispherical tumour : branches convex at the summit. — Ray white.

144. S. discolor, DC. Branches arachnoid-tomentose, glabrescent; leaves oblong-
lanceolate, acuminate, serrulate, glabrous above, white-tomentose beneath, arch-veined ;
corymbs compound; involucral scales 8-10, oblong-linear, tomentose in the middle, acces-
sory linear-setaceous; ligules 5 (4-6), obovate, shortly exserted ; disk-flowers 10-15 ; ache-
nium nearly glabrous. — Bot. Mag. t. 2647. — Cineraria, Sw. — 5,-6, high ; leaves 2"-6", in-
volucre 2"-3m long ; the ray-flowers white, with the disk yellow (“ flores albido-lutescen-
tes,” Sw.), but the ray becomes yellow in being dried. — Hab. Jamaica!, all coll., common
in the mountains, from 400* to 4000' alt., Port Royal, S. Andrews, Manchester.

Sect. 2. Conogynoxys. — Corolla of the disk gradually dilated at the base. Style with a

basilar, conical tumour : branches conical, or convex at the summit, rarely mucronate.

— Ray yellow.

145. S. Swartzii, DC. Glabrous; branches cylindrical ; leaves oblong or elliptical-
oblong, pointleted, quite entire or repand-dentate, petioled : veins distant, pinnate ; corymbs
compound, fastigiate; scales of the involucre 8-10, oblong-linear, acuminate, accessory
short ; ligules 4-3, oblong, half as long again as the involucre, dislc-flowers 6-8 ; achenium
hairy. — Cineraria glabrata, Sw. Gynoxys, Less. — 5'-6' high ; leaves 4"-3" long, blunt or
tapering at the base; involucre 4"' long.— Hab. Jamaica!, Macf, Pd., Al., IFuflschl.,
March, in moist mountain-woods.

146. S. lucidus, DC. Glabrous; branches angular ; leaves oblong-lanceolate, acumi-
nate (or “inferior elliptical”), serrulate, shortly petioled: veins 8-10 -paired; corymbs
compound ; scales of the involucre 6, oblong, bluntish, accessory few, short ; ligules 3 (-4),
lanceolate, nearly twice as long as the involucre, disk-flowers 8-4 ; achenium glabrous : pap-
pus p ale- straw- coloured. — Plum. Ed. Burm. t. 154 : differing by elliptical leaves. — Cine-
raria, Sw. Gynoxys, less.- An arborescent shrub ; leaves 6"-4", involucre 3"' long. — Hab.
Dominica!, Imr. ; Trinidad ( Sieb .) ; [French islands !, in mountain-woods at 3000' alt.].

147. S. Fadyenii, Gr. (n. sp.). Glabrous; branches cylindrical; leaves lanceolate-
oblong or oblong, pointed, tapering into the long petiole, dentate-repand above, with distant,
blunt, callous teeth ; principal veins 10-12-paired, alternating with a loose network ;
corymbs few-branched-; scales of the involucre 5, oblong, blunt, accessory few, minute ;
ligules 2-3, lanceolate, 3-dcutatc, i longer than the involucre, disk-flowers 5-3 ; achenium
ginbreseent. : pappus white.— Leaves 6"-5" long, 2"-l A" broad: petiole 1"-H", involucre
3"' long. — Hab. Jamaica !, Macf.

148. S. laciniatus, DC. Glabrous or puberulous, glabrescent ; branches cylindrical ;
leaves spatliulatc-oblong, runcinalc-lobed, tapering at the base : lobes remotely denticulate:
veins pinnate : petiole clasping at the base ; corymbs branched ; scales of the involucre
12-14, oblong-linear, bluntish; “ligules 6, ovate, emargiuatc, disk-flowers 20-24.” — Cine-
raria, Sw. Gynoxys, Less.— Leaves 5"-G", involucre 3"' long. — Hab. Jamaica 1, Macf, on
the peaks of the Blue Mountains.

SYNANTHEREiE.

383

53. LIABUM, Ad.

Head radiate : ray-flowers ^ > 1 igulfite. Involucre imbricate : scales acuminate, interior
longer. Receptacle fimbrillate. Style-branches hispidulous. Achenium cylindrical: pap-
pus pilose, 1-2-serial. — Perennial herbs or shrubs ; leaves opposite, white-tomentose beneath ;
heads yellow, corymbose or solitary.

149. Ij. Brownei , Cass. Herbaceous, arachnoid ; stem simple, leafless above; leaves

ovate or ovate-oblong , bluntish, abruptly contracted at the base, dentate, glabrate above :
petioles winged, often crenate, contiguous at the base ; corymbs compound, many-headed ;
pappus soft, straw-coloured: exterior hairs of the same texture, shorter. — Br. Jam. t.
33. f. 2. — Amelins umbellatus, L. Starkea, W. — V-%1 high ; leaves long, somewhat

longer than the petiole. — Hab. Jamaica!, all coll., in the higher mountains; [Cuba!,
Haiti].

Tribe II. LA BIA TIFLOR/E. — Corollce %-lipped, or ligulate only in the ray.

54. LERIA, DC.

Head heterogamous : $ flowers pluriserial, exterior ligulate, central bisexual. Involucre
slightly imbricate, few-serial. Receptacle naked. Anthers tailed. Style-branches puberu-
lous. Achenium subcompressed : facets costate : summit tapering into a filiform beak :
pappus pilose. — Annual (Sw.) herbs ; leaves all rosular, white-tomentose beneath ; scape
often nodding at the top, 1 -headed ; flowers ivhite or purple : ray scarcely exseried ; pappus
usually purplish-straw-coloured.

150. Ij. nutans, DC. Leaves lyrate : terminal segment large, ovate-oblong; involucral
scales lanceolate-linear, acuminate; beak 2-3 times longer than the achenium. — SI. t. 150.
f. 2. — Tussilago, L. L. integrifolia, DC. : a form with the basilar leaf-lobes reduced. —
Scape usually l'-2' high ; leaves large : inferior lobes few, rounded ; involucre 12”,-8'"
long; ray purple. — Hab. Jamaica!, Al., M'Nab, a weed; Antigua!, Wullsehl., Dominica!,
Imr., S. Vincent !, Guild.-, Trinidad!, Or., common ; [Texas ! to Montevideo !].

151. Ij. dentata, Spreng. Leaves spatliulate or spathidate-lanceolate, tapering at the
entire base, regularly sinuate above ; involucral scales linear, acuminate ; beak half as long
again or twice as long as the achenium.— Plum. Ed. Burm. t. 40. f. 2. — Tussilago, L.
Chaptalia, Cass. C. tomentosa, Vent., is a congener too. L. sinuata, DC. — Leaves much
narrower than in the preceding, 4,,-6w broad ; involucre 10w-12w long ; interior flowers
bisexual. — Hab. Jamaica !, Dist., Wullsehl., Manchester.

152. Ij. albicans, DC. Leaves spathulate-lanceolate, pointed, with a few, minute,
distant teeth or entire ; involucral scales linear, acuminate ; beak as long as the achenium. —
Tussilago, Sw. L. nutans, var. integrifolia, Less. — Scape spithameous ; leaves 5"'-9'" broad ;
involucre 6"'-10'" long. — IIab. Jamaica !, Wils., in dry pastures ; [Cuba ! and Mexico ! to
Brazil !].

153. Ij. pumila, DC. Leaves lyrate-spathulate : terminal segment contracted into

the uppermost sinuosity ; involucral scales short, lanceolate-linear, bluntish at the top ;
beak shorter than the achenium. — Tussilago, Sw. — Scape high, filiform, glabrate ;

leaves 4'" broad ; involucre 4 w long. — IIab. Jamaica!, Wils., in calcareous, high moun-
tains; [Cuba!].

55. TRIXIS, P. Br.

Head, homogamous. Involucre 1-2-serial. Receptacle fimbrillate or naked. Anthers
tailed. Style-branches truncate. Achenium subcylindrical, tapering above or shortly
beaked : pappus pilose. — Shrubs or herbs ; leaves undivided ; heads usually corymbose,
yellow or whitish.

1 54. T. frutescens, P. Br. Shrubby, glabresccnt ; leaves shortly petioled, lanceolate-
oblong, .denticulate or entire; corymbs leafy; involucre 1 -serial : scales 8, foliaccous, ob-
long-linear, ciliate, with a few exterior accessory ones : achenium tapering below the top. —
Br. Jam. 1. 3 A.f. 1. — Inula Trixis and Perdieium radiule, L. — 4'-5' high: leaves li1'— 4,/,

334

SYN ANTHEREiE.

involucre 5"'-6"' long. — IIab. Jamaica!, Mac/.; Trinidad!, LocJch., Cr., in barren bills;
[Cuba !, Haiti !, Texas !, Mexico !, Guatemala !, New Granada !, Venezuela !].

Tribe III. LI G JJIIFL 01UE. — Corolla liomogamous, all ligulate.

56*. LAMPSANA, T.

Head 8-12-flowered. Involucre 1-serial, with accessory scales. Receptacle naked.
Achenium oblong-linear, flat-convex, striate, naked. — Herbs ; heads yellow , in branched
corymbs.

155*. L. communis, L. Annual, glabrescent; leaves dentate or inferior lyrate; li-
gules shortly exserted. — Hab. Naturalized in Jamaica !, Al., M‘Nab, near Kingston, in the
Blue Mountains; [introduced from Europe].

57*. TARAXACUM, Ilall.

Involucre 2-serial. Receptacle naked. Achenium snbcompressed-oblong, beaked above
the muricate or tuberclcd summit: pappus pilose, pluriserial, white — Herbs; leaves all
rosulate ; scape mostly \-headed ; head yellow.

156*. T. officinale, Till. Glabrous; leaves usually runcinate ; involucral scales lan-
ceolate, exterior reflexed ; achenium muricate above, shorter than the beak. — Hab. Natura-
lized in Jamaica !, Wullschl. ; [introduced from Europe].

58. BRACHYRHAMPHUS, DC.

Head 10-1 5 -flowered. Involucre imbricate, few-serial. Receptacle naked. Achenium.
snbterete, muricate, longitudinally furrowed, shortly tapering at the summit : pappus pilose,
pluriserial, white.— An annual, erect, branched, glabrous herb ; leaves usually runcinale-
lyrate, superior sagittate-clasping ; heads yellow , distant in a loose panicle , with spici-
form branches.

157. B. intybaceus, DC. — Lactuca, Jacq. B. caribseus and sonchifolius, DC. — A
variable tropical weed: habit of Sonchus. — Hab. Antigua!, Wullschl.; Trinidad!, Cr. ;
[Portorico to Guadeloupe ! ; Nicaragua ; East Indies !, trop. Africa],

59. LACTUCA, L.

Involucre imbricate, few-serial. Receptacle naked. Achenium flat-compressed, smooth,
abruptly beaked : pappus pilose, white. — Heads narrow, usually paniculate.

158. L. jamaicensis, Or. (n. sp.). Glabrous ; stem stout, erect ; leaves unarmed beneath,
dentate or entire, inferior usually runcinate with a few pointed lobes, or lanceolate-oblong,
half-clasping at the tapering base, superior lanceolate, acuminate, sessile ; panicle spreading :
branches racemiform ; achenium oval-oblong, black, 3-striate at the middle, much longer
than the very short beak.- — Perhaps a form of L. indica, L. (Mauritius?), which has the
same achcuia, but much narrower leaves. Several feet high, suffrutescent at the base; infe-
rior leaves 8"-4" long, 2"-l" broad, superior 4" long, 8"'-6'" broad ; panicle often 2' long ;
involucre 6'" long ; achenium 2"' long, rounded below the filiform beak, which is black with
a white summit, scarcely V" long. — Hab. Jamaica !, M‘Nab, March, Wullschl., in the
mountains of Port Royal, S. Marys, Manchester.

60. SONCHUS, L.

Involucre imbricate. Receptacle naked. Achenium flat-compressed, truncate at the
summit : pappus pilose, white. — Heads yellow.

159. S. oleraceus, L. Annual; leaves runcinate or subentire, dentate: corymbs eglnn-
dular; achenium 3-striate, transversely rugulose. — IIab. Jamaica!, M'Nab ; Antigua!,
Wullschl., S. Vincent !, Guild. ; Trinidad !, Cr., a weed ; [Europe ! to Abyssinia !, East In-
dies !, Australia !, New Zealand I ; Caundu I to Patagonia].

LOBELIACEiE.

385

160. S. asper, Fill. Annual; leaves dentate or slightly runcinate ; corymbs eglandu-
dular; achenium smooth: streaks 3(-5), diverging. — Hab. Jamaica, March, a weed;
[Europe ! to the Cape !, East ladies !, Australia !, New Zealand ! ; French islands ! ; Newfound-
land to Chili].

XCYI. LOBELIACEiE.

Corolla sympetalous, asymmetrical. Stamens 5, epigyuous, rarely inserted into the co-
rolla : anthers connected. Ovary inferior or semi-inferior, syncarpous ; ovules indefinite ;
style with collecting hairs. Embryo straight, included in the albumen. — Leaves alternate ,
exstipulate ; inflorescence usually racemose ; odd calyx-lobe distant from the axis.

The milky juice in this Order is very acrid. Twpa is reputed venomous, and Isotoma
longiflora is one of the most poisonous plants of the West Indies.

1. CENTROPOGON, Prl.

Corolla 2-lipped : tube entire, incurved. Two anthers awned at the top. Berry 2-
celled. — Suffruticose herbs or shrubs ; pedicels axillary.

1. C. surinamensis, Prl. Glabrescent ; leaves shortly petioled, ovate or ovate-ob-
long, pointleted, rounded at the base, serrulate ; pedicels shorter than the leaf, bracteolate
near the base ; calyx-lobes lanceolate-acuminate, longer than the hemispherical tube; corolla
crimson, slightly dilated ; column long-exserted : anthers pilose, 3 bearded at the top ; berry
globose. — Bot. Mag. t. 225. — Lobelia, L. — A shrub ; corolla 1L' long ; exserted part of the
filaments 4m long, as long as the anthers. — Hab. S. Vincent ; Trinidad!, Lane , Cr. ; [Vene-
zuela!, New Granada!, Peru!, Guiana!, Brazil !].

2. SIPHOCAMPYLUS, Pohl.

Corolla 2-lipped : tnbe entire, or the petals distinct at the base. All or two anthers
bearded at the top. Fruit 2-celled, capsular, rarely baccate. — Pedicels axillary.

2. S. Berteriairus, 0. Bon. Scandent, glabrous ; leaves ovate, acuminate with a
narrow point, rounded at the base, remotely serrulate and crenulate-repand, petioled, exceed-
ing the pedicels ; calyx-lobes subulate : tube ovoid ; corolla clavate, straightish, crimson :
limb short; anthers all bearded at the top : berry globose. — Lobelia, Spreng. Centropogon,
A.BC.: separated from Siphocampylus and referred to Centropogon on account of its berry,
but from habit and awnless anthers a congener of the former. — A suffruticose climber; co-
rolla equalling the stamens, 1" long ; berry 4'" dium. — IIab. Dominica !, Imr. ; [Haiti !,
Guadeloupe !].

3. LOBELIA, L.

Corolla 2-lippcd : tube cleft on the anterior (superior by torsion) side. Two or all anthers
bearded at the top, rarely glabrous. Stigma 2-lobed. Capsule 2-celled, opening at the top.
— Flowers usually racemose.

3. ClifiFortiana, L. Annual, glabrous or glabrescent; leaves ovate, unequally aud
obtusely serrate, petioled ; raceme loose : pedicels filiform , exceeding the lanceolate bracts ;
calyx-tube turbinatc-campanulatc : lobes linear-acuminate, half as long as the corolla; 2 an-
thers bearded ; capsule produced beyond the calyx-tube. — L. Cliff, t. 26. — L. xalapensis,
hth. : a form with the ovary nearly superior. — 1' high, delicate; corolla purplish-blue, 2'"
long. — Hab. Jamaica!, Macf, At., Wits., March, in waste places; Dominica!, Imr. (L.
xalapensis) ; Trinidad!, Pd. ; [Cuba! and Mexico ! to Brazil].

4. I*, trinitensis, Gr. (n. sp.). Annual, glabrous: stem angular; leaves lanceolate,
crcnulate or subentire, subdecurrent, the lowest elliptical, subsessile; raceme slender, inter-
rupted ; pedicels usually half as long as the bracts ; calyx-tube campanulntc : lobes subu-
late, including the corolla, half as long as the capsule; 2 anthers shortly bearded, the rest
glabrous : capsule inferior, with the valves exserted. — Related to L. camporum, Fold, which
has a longer corolla ; and to L. anceps, Thunb., distinguished by short calyx-lobes: in L.
do ming ensis, A. DC., all anthers arc said to be hairy at the top. — 8"- 12" high, slender ;

386

L0BELIACE2E.

leaves 1S'"-G'", pedicels 2'", corolla 1"'-H'", capsule 21" long.— IIab. Trinidad !, Loc/ch., Cr.,
common in savannahs and gardens.

4. TD PA, G. Bon.

Character of Lobelia , but corolla 1-lipped, cleft to the base on the anterior (superior by tor-
sion) side. — Stout perennial herbs or shrubs; stem simple, leafy towards the base; flowers
large, racemose.

In the West Indian species the stem is herbaceous, the leaves glabrous, the pedicels bi-
bracteolate above and often adnate at the base to the bract, the corolla with linear lobes, 5-
fid, or the 3 middle lobes usually connected higher up to the disk developed, and the stigma
broadly 2-lamellate or 2-globose.

* 2 anthers bearded at the top, 3 with a glabrous summit ; leaves subsessile or petioled. '

5. T. acuminata, A. BC. Leaves lanceolate, pointleted, serrulate with bluntish
teeth, subsessile ; raceme lax, glabrous .- pedicels elongated, longer than the linear bract ;
calyx-tube hemispherical : lobes lanceolate-acuminate ; corolla twice as long as the calyx-
lobes, glabrous, arcuate, dilated at the base ; filaments and connectives hairy : 2 anthers
densely bearded, the rest glabrous at the rounded summit. —Tuss. FI 3. t. 36 : the leaves
narrower than in our plant.— Lobelia, Sw. — 3'~4' high; leaves 5"-12" long, 1/' broad ;
corolla 8"' long, whitish or pale-purple.— Hab. Jamaica!, Pd., M‘Nab, in mountain-woods,
Portland, S. Marys ; [Haiti].

6. T. ensifolia, A. BC. Leaves linear-lanceolate, acuminate, serrulate with spinuli-
form teeth, subsessile ; raceme elongated, puberulous ; pedicels nearly as long as the elon-
gated linear bract, incurved ; calyx-tube hemispherical : lobes shortly subulate ; corolla pu-
berulous, straightish, dilated at the base ; filaments glabrous : 2 anthers densely bearded at
the summit, the rest glabrous. — SI. t. 95./. 2. — 3' high ; leaves 8"-4" long, 6"' broad; ra-
ceme 6"-12", pedicels 6"'-8'"? corolla 9'" long, yellowish-white (SI.).— Had. Jamaica I, A/.,
Pd., in woods, near the coast of Port Autonio, Mount Diable ; [Haiti !].

7. T. caudata, Or. ( n . sp.). Leaves linear, caudate-acuminate, tapering into the
petiole, pinnatifid-dentate with numerous, unequal, linear, spreading teeth, entire at both
ends ; raceme short, unilateral, puberulous .- pedicels as long as the flower, which is ex-
ceeded by the flexuose bract ; calyx-tube hemispherical : lobes linear-, recurved, [ as long
as the incurved puberulous corolla ; filaments glabrous : 2 anthers densely bearded at the
summit, the rest glabrous. — l'high; leaves 6"-8" long : the lamina 4"' broad, its longer
teeth 2'" long; corolla 6"'-8'" long, greenish-white. — Hab. Jamaica!, Pd., AC Nab., S.
George.

8. T. flavescens, A. BC. Leaves lanceolate-oblong, shortly acuminate, serrate with
cartilaginous, incurved, spinuliform teeth, broadly sessile, lowest approximate, caidine de-
crescent ; raceme elongated, compact, glabrous : pedicels as long as the flower, cernuous,
exceeded by the large, oblong-lanceolate, serrate bract; calyx-tube convex-flattish : lobes
much longer, lanceolate-acuminate, serrulate ; corolla twice as long as’ the calyx-lobes, gla-
brous, arcuate ; filaments glabrous : 2 anthers densely bearded at the summit, the rest gla-
brous.— Lobelia conglobata, Sieb. sec. A. BC. — 1/ high ; lower leaves 5"-6" long, 10'"-
12'" broad; raceme 6"-8", calyx-lobes 4'" long; corolla pale. — Hab. Dominica!, hnr., in
the Couliabon mountains ; [Martinique].

9. T. Martagon, Gr. (n. sp.). Leaves lanceolate, acuminate, sessile, serrulate with
cartilaginous teeth, lowest rosulate, cauline distant from the raceme, which is long, spread-
ing, puberulous ; pedicels longer than the large flowers, exceeding the oblong-lanccolate,
serrulate bract, bibracteolate with oblong-linear, serrulate bractlets, nodding-incurved below
the summit ; calyx-tube hemispherical : lobes broadly lanceolate-acuminate, serrulate ; corolla
twice as long as the calyx-lobes, puberulous, incurved ; filaments and connectives ciliate-
puberulous : 2 anthers shortly bearded, the rest glabrous at the obliquely truncate summit.
—A showy plant, lfs'-2' high, in foliage resembling the preceding ; rosular leaves 6"-4"
long, 8"'— 10"' broad ; bracts lV'-2" long, 6'"— 4'" broad, bractlets 6"'-4'" long ; raceme 6"-
15", pedicels 3"-2", calyx-lobes 6'" long ; corolla purple ; anthers 5'" long, longer than in the
preceding.— IIab. Jamaica 1, Pd., Al., HP Nab, in mountain-woods, on the peaks of the Blue
Mountains, on Mounl Diable, near Moncague.

LOBELIACEyE.

387

** 2 anthers bearded at the top, 3 hairy above , or glabrescent ; leaves decurrent ; raceme

unilateral, nodding.

10. T. assurg-ens, A. DC. Leaves lanceolate-oblong, acuminate, tapering anrl decur-
rent at the base, serrulate with pointed spreading teeth ; raceme pubescent, elongated, nod-
ding at the top, unilateral : bracts lanceolate-linear, or linear serrulate or subentire ; corolla
twice as long as tbe calyx-lobes, pubescent, falcate from the middle ; filaments ciliate-pu-
bescent : 2 anthers shortly bearded above, 3 hairy above, but devoid of a terminal beard.—
Bot.Mag.t 3138. — Lobelia, L., Sw. L. robusta, Grah.l (Tupa, A. DC.). — 3-4' high ;
leaves 12"-6" long, 2f-2" broad; bracts of variable length, often equalling the flower, or
shorter than the pedicel : the latter recurved, usually 2" long ; calyx-lobes 6"'-4'" long ;
corolla dull-purple. — Hab. Jamaica!, M'Nab, Don, Pd., March, in high mountains, Port
Royal, Blue Mountains; [Cuba!, Haiti].

11. T. conglobata, A . DC. Leaves lanceolate-oblong, shortly pointleled, gradually
tapering into the narrowly decurrcnt petiole, serrulate with mucronate teeth ; raceme pube-
rulous, glabrescent, short, often compact, nodding-unilateral : bracts linear ; calyx-tube tur-
binate-hemispherical : lobes lanceolate-linear, serrulate ; corolla twice as long as the calyx-
lobes, glabrescent, falcate from the middle ; filaments ciliate ; connectives hairy or glabres-
cent : 2 anthers long-bearded : the hairs rigid, often exceeding the glabrous summit of the
other anthers. — Lobelia, Lam. — Inferior leaves 15"— 1 2" long, 3"-2" broad; calyx-lobes
6"'-8"' long ; corolla white (Al.) ; the anther-beard longer than in the other species. — Hab.
Jamaica!, Pd., Al., March, Wullschl., in moist mountain-woods, Manchester, S. Anns.

All anthers bearded at the summit.

t Leaves subsessile ; raceme elongated.

12. T. digitalifolia, Gr. ( n.sp .). Leaves lanceolate, acuminate, serrulate with some-
what distant, spinuliform, incurved-accumbent teeth ; raceme elongated, glabrous : pedicels
nearly as long as the linear, entire bract, spreading, bibracteolate at the middle; calyx-tube
turbinate-hemispherical : lobes lanceolate-acuminate , entire; corolla twice as long as the
calyx-lobes, glabrous, falcate above ; filaments glabrous : anthers all bearded at the sum-
mit.— Leaves 5''-8" long, 9"'-15"' broad ; raceme 1' long; pedicels 1" long, incurved at the
top: bractlets setaceous; calyx-tube 4'", lobes 6'" long ; corolla 10'"— 12"' lon^, pale.—
Hab. Dominica !, Imr. 1

13. T. cirsiifolia, A. DC. Leaves lanceolate, acuminate, serrate with spreading subu-
latc-spinulifoim teeth, appioximate near the middle of the stem; raceme glabrous : pedicels
bibracteolate above the middle, nearly as long as the lanceolate-linear serrulate bract, infe-
rior exceeded by the bract ; calyx-tube hemispherical : lobes linear from a subulate base
subentire, spreading ; corolla twice as loug as the calyx-lobes, glabrous, falcate above ; fila-
ments glabrous : anthers all densely bearded at the summit.— Dot. Mag. t. 2137 — Lobelia
Lam. L. racemosa, Sims (Tupa, A. DC.). — 3 '-5' high; leaves 6 "-8" long, 12'" broad’
superior narrower distant ; pedicels 1" long : bractlets setaceous ; calyx-tubes 2'" lobes 5"'
long ; corolla 10"' long, greenish.— Hab. S. Kitts, S. Vincent !, Guild.

14. T. infesta, Gr. (n. sp.). Leaves linear-lanceolate, acuminate, serrate with some-
what distant, spreading, subulate-spinuliform teeth, approximate below, distant from the
elongated glabrescent raceme ; pedicels longer than the highly adnate, linear, serrulate
bract, bibracteolate below the middle ; calyx-tube hemispherical : lobes ovate-lanceolate
acuminate serrulate spreading ; corolla thrice as long as the calyx-lobes, glabrous, falcate
af>r’ye l filaments glabrous : anthers all densely bearded at the summit.— Habit of T. ensi-

■SftjJrrS' l ZgJ! ~7 ^rad-; fdicels 9"'-10''' lonS- Curved: bracts inserted
q "' thcir l)asC; 4 -fj long, inferior longer : bractlets setaceous ; calyx- tube 2'", lobes

.±,norX,Zllons' «• «■—* Wo, .

ft Leaves petioled ; raceme leafy.

at bof *!,C ^ ^em leafu 1° ^l(! summit ; leaves lanceolate, acuminate

at both ends, petioled, serrate with mucronate teeth ; raceme leafy, glabrous ; pedicels

ttToti8le±’ r;rartteinCanr tllC 1>asu’ disti,,ct fro,n the floral leaffwhich often equals
the flower; calyx-tube turbinate-hemispherical: lobes subulate-linear, subentire; corolla

388

CAMPANULACEiE.

thrice as long as the calyx-lobes, glabrous, arcuate above the middle ; filaments ciliate at
the base : anthers all densely bearded at the summit, connectives slightly hairy. — Leless.
Ic. 5. t. 11. Bot. May. t. 3012. — Lobelia, Lam. L. Kraussii, Grah. — Leaves 8"-4" long,
lp'-l" broad, floral gradually decrescent; pedicels 2"-l" long; corolla 15w— 18/,/ long,
crimson. — Hab. Dominica !, Imr., in the high mountains ; [Guadeloupe ! ; Guatemala !].

The number of West-India Tupce, though several were to be reduced, is not yet exhausted :
there is a broad-leaved St. Vincent species, related to T. fiavescens, but not in a state fit
for publication : this must be compared with T. strict a of Guadeloupe, which, as well as T.
sonchifolia (Lobelia, Sw.) is unknown to me.

5. IOSOTOMA, R. Br.

Corolla salver-shaped : tube long-filiform, limb slightly unequal. Stamens inserted into
the corolla-tube. Two or all anthers bearded at the top. Capsule 2-celled. — Herbs ; flowers
axillary or racemose.

16. I. longiflora, Prl. Perennial, pubescent; stem flaccid, leafy; leaves lanceolate-
oblong, sinuate-dentate, tapering at the subsessile base ; pedicels short, axillary ; calyx-lobes
lanceolate, serrulate ; corolla-tube nearly as long as the leaf: lobes lanceolate, much shorter ;
all anthers shortly bearded.— SI. t. 101. /. 2. Plum. Ed. Burm. t. 253. Jacq. Amer. Piet,
t. 200. Tuss. FI. 4. t. 25. Besc. FI. 3. t. 156.— Lobelia, Jacq— Leaves 3"-4" long; co-
rolla white ; capsule ovoid, nodding. — LIab. Jamaica !, all coll., common in moist, shady
places ; Antigua !, Nichols., Domiuica !, Imr. ; [Cuba ! to French islands 1].

XCYII. GOODENOVIEiE.

Character of Lobeliacece, but odd calyx-lobe next the axis,- corolla-lobes induplicative,
stigma indusiate, and sap not milky.

1. SCiEVOLA, L.

Corolla 1-lipped, cleft on the superior side. Anthers distinct. Indusium of the stigma
bearded. Pericarp drupaceous : cells 1 -seeded— Flowers mostly in axillary cymes ; corolla
villous within ; lobes roinged, often fimbriate.

1. S. Plumieri, L. Shrubby ; leaves fleshy, obovate, quite entire: axils bearded;
cymes peduncled ; calyx-limb truncate-repand or obsoletely denticulate ; drupe subglobose.
—Jacq. Amer. Piet. t. 199. Besc. FI. 7. t. 474.-Lobeha, L. S Lobelia, Sw S. Thun-
bergii, Eclcl. I S. senegalensis, Prl.- 2' high ; corolla white, 10'''-8''' long — Hab. Baha-
mas !, Swains along the seacoast ; Jamaica !, March ; Antigua !, If ullschl. ; [Haiti to trench
islands ; Mexico ; Galapagos ! ; Senegambia ! to the Cape ! ; Scinde !].

XCVIII. CAMPANULACEiE.

(Sphenocleacem.)

Stamens usually free from the sympetalous corolla : anthers dehiscent in the still closed
flower. Ovary inferior, syncarpous : ovules usually co ; stigmas mostly furnished with col-
lecting hairs. Embryo straight, included in albumen. — Leaves alternate, exstipulate.

1. PONGAT1UM, Rheede.

Calyx broadly sessile : lobes rounded, inflexed. Corolla 5-partite, imbricativc Anthers
epipetalous, sessile, didymous. Style short : stigma emarginatc-capitate, devout of collecting
liairs. Capsule 2-celled, circumseissile : cells many-seeded. — A glabrous annual; floweis

small, white, in compact, peduncled spikes. . .

The connection of this anomalous genus with Campaiinlaccee, though disagreeing in most
typical characters of the Order, is evident from the early dehiscent anthers and the s.imlar
capsules and seeds : in habit and inflorescence it may be compared with Phyieuma.

PLUM B AGINE2E.

389

1. P. indicum, Lam — Sphenoolea Pongatium, A. DC. — 1'-3' high, few-branched ;
leaves elliptical-lanceolate, quite entire, petioled ; spike3 cylindrical with a conical point,
2" long; seeds minute, cylindrical, smooth: embryo axilc. — Hab. Trinidad! , Lockh., Cr.,
in moist places and savannahs ; [Mexico to Brazil ! ; trop. Africa ! to Egypt ! ; East In-
dies !].

XCIX. PLANTAGINEiE.

Flowers apetalous, involucellate, mostly in spikes. Stamens inserted into the scarions
calyx (usually called coralla), rarely hypogynous. Stigma with collecting hairs. Ovary su-
perior, 2(-4) -celled, rarely simple. Embryo straight, included in albumen. — Herbs; leaves
exstipulate, usually rosulate at the base of a simple scape.

PLANT AGO, L.

Calyx 4-fid, supported by a 4-leaved involucel. Stamens 4 (-2). Ovary 2 (-4) -celled : ovules
peltate. Capsule circnmscissile.

1. P. major, L. Perennial; leaves ovate, long-petioled, palmatinerved, nearly equal-
ling the scape ; spike cylindrical ; involucel-leaves equal, blunt ; calyx-lobes spreading,
ovate or lanceolate ; capsule-cells 4-12-seeded : seeds convex on the placentar, flat on the
outer side.

p. tropica. Leaves dentate towards the base ; spike elongated, interrupted at the base ;
calyx-lobes lanceolate, pointed ; capsule 24-16-seeded. — P. major, P asiatica, Decaisne. P.
asiatica, L. sec. Decaisne ( non Ledeb.).

Hab. p. Jamaica!, Wullschl., Manchester; [S. Thomas!, Brazil; East Indies to South-
ern China; a. and other forms in all continents].

2. P. virginica, L. Annual, hairy ; leaves spathulate or obovate-oblong, 3-5-nerved,
remotely denticulate ; spike cylindrical, often interrupted at the base ; involucel-leaves une-
qual, 2 posterior roundish ; calyx-lobes erect in the fertile flowers, lanceolate ; capsule-cells
1 -seeded: seeds concave on the placentar, convex on the outer side.— Scape 9"— 2" high,
much longer than the leaves ; flowers dimorphous, the fertile with included filaments. —
IIab. Jamaica !, Wils., in the mountains of S. Andrews, at 4000' alt. ; [Canada to Chiloe].

C. PLUMBAGINEiE.

Calyx mostly scarious. Stamens 5, hypogynous, bearing above their base a dorsal, peta-
line appendage, or surrounded by and opposite to the lobes of a crown (the corolla). Ovary
simple ; styles or style-branches 5 .- ovule single, hanging from a central cord. Embryo
mostly included in amylaceous albumen. — Leaves exstipu/ate, often rosulate.

1. STATICE, L.

Calyx 5(-10)-lobed. Pctaline appendages usually distinct. Styles subdistinct, glabrous :
stigmas cylindrical. Pericarp membranaceous, indehiscent or circumsessile at the summit.
— Leaves usually rosulate ; flowers glomerate or single : the glomerules or flowers supported
by 3 distichous bracts, usually in unilateral or distichous compound spikes.

Sect. Limonium, Boiss. — Petaline appendages distinct nearly to the base, purple or blue.

Achenium irregularly rumpent at the base.

1. S. bahamensis, Gr. (n. sp.). Glabrous, rough with lepidote dots; leaves spathu-
latc, tapering into the petiole, mucronate, early mareescent ; scape much branched below :
most inferior branches sterile, at length angular : scales deltoid-subulate, rusty, white on
the margin ; glomerules 3— 2-llowered, densely approximate, in unilateral, recurved, sub-
corymbose spikes : inferior bract ovate, blunt, rusty-coriaceous, with a white, membrana-
ceous margin, superior 2-3 times longer, oblong, blunt, herbaceous with a. broad, white,
membranaceous border ; calyx-tube pilose : lobes white, subdistant, deltoid ; anther-cells
pointed at the base. Habit and many characters of S. caspia, W. (bellid folia Gouan, DC.),

300

LEM TI BUL AEIEJ3.

but sterile brandies shorter, ami the superior bract of different structure. Spilhatneous ;
spikes 8"'-4'" long ; superior bract I V' long : herbaceous back thiekish, as broad as the
border ; calyx 2m long : lobes small. — Hab. Bahamas 1, Ejahnars., Turk Islands.

2. PLUMBAGO, L.

Calyx tubular, 5-dentate, glandular with stipitate glands, 5-costate : angles herbaceous.
Corolla salver-shaped : limb 5-partite. Style with 5 filiform branches. Pericarp membrana-
ceous, torn at the base.- — Shrubs or perennial herbs; leaves scattered ; flowers 3 -bracteate,
in elongated spiciform racemes : pedicels very short.

2. P. scandens, L. Shrubby, trailing, glabrous ; leaves ovate- or oblong-lanceolate,
acuminate or pointed, petioled ; calyx-tube glandular on its convex angles to the base, half
as long as the filiform corolla-tube ; corolla-lobes mucronate. — -SI. t. 133. f. 1. Jacq. Amer.
Piet. t. 23. Desc. Ft. 3. t. 172. — Corolla white, tube 8"'-10"' long. — Hab. Jamaica !,
Macf., Barter., in hedges; S. Kitts!, Els., S. Vincent!, Guild.; Trinidad', Cr. : [Mexico!
to Brazil ! and Chili ; Galapagos !].

CL PKJMULACEiE.

S/amens inserted info the sympetalous (rarely polypetalous) corolla, opposite to its lobes
(or alternate to the calyx). Ovary mostly superior, 1-celled ; ovules peltate upon a free cen-
tral placenta, mostly hemiar.atropous ; style simple. Pericarp capsular. Embryo small, in-
cluded in fleshy albumen. — Herbs ; leaves e.rstipulate.

1. CENTUNCULUS, L.

Calyx 4-5 -partite. Corolla rotate-infundibular, imbricative, marcescent. Filaments di-
lated ‘at the base, glabrous. Capsule globose, circumscissile. —Small, annual, glabrous
herbs; leaves minute , subentire , alternate, or lowest opposite ; flowers axillary .- corolla
included.

1. C. pentandrus, R. Br. Leaves ovate or ovate-roundish, subacute ; flowers pedi-
cellate; corolla 'b-parlite ; filaments glandular at the base.— Wight, Ic. 1. 1585.— Anagalb's
pumila, Sw. Micropyxis, Dub. M. tenella, Wight (Centunculus, D?ib.).—2"S" high;,
leaves 2"', pedicels usually 3"', calyx 1"' long; corolla white, purplish at the base.— Hab.
Jamaica (Sw.), in boggy hills, Clarendon ; [Mexico 1, Venezuela !, Brazil !, trop. Australia ! ;
East Indies !].

CII. LENTIBULARIEiE.

Character of Primulaceat, but corolla 2-lipped, 2 stamens with confluent anther-cells,
ovules anatropous, and seeds exalbuminous, the embryo ofteu undivided. Heibs, aquatic or
growing in wet places ; flowers on scapes.

1. UTRICULARIA, L.

Calyx 2-partite : segments entire, or the inferior emarginate. Corolla spurred, usually
personate. — Flowers in racemes or single.

§ 1. Leaves entire ; root-fibres f urnished with little bladders, several of them thickened
into tubers. — Epiphytical scapes ( Orchidioides , A. DC.).

1 XJ. montana, Jacq. Rigid; tubers ovoid-oblong: root-bladders minutely globose,
distant, long-stipitate ; scape 1-3-flowered; leaves lateral, geminate (or 3-1), lanceolate-
oblong’, lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate, tapering into a long petiole, bluntish, reticulated ;
flowers large, whitish ; calyx-segments scariosc, many-nerved, broadly ovate, obtusate, half
as long as the corolla ; corolla-lips subentire, flat, roundish or broadly obovnte, inferior
twice as large, nearly as long as the ascending iucurvcd-subiilnte spur — Jacq. Amer. Piet.

I g. U. alpina, L. U. grandiflora, Pers. U. unifolia, 11. P.— 4 -12 high; leaves 3 -14 •

flowers li"-l" long ; scapc-senles minutely lanceolate, distant, bracts geminate (1-3) ; seeds
fusiform : embryo undivided.— IIab. Montserrat, Dominica I, Imr. ; S. Vincent !, Guild. ;

LENTIBULAlilEiE.

391

Grenada, Trinidad!, Pd., Cr. ; epiphytical on mountain-trees, among mosses, at 2800' alt. ;
[French islands; Darien, Venezuela!, Guiana!, New Granada!, Peru!].

§ 2. Leaves entire or disappearing ; root-fibres tldn, often furnished with little bladders.

— Terrestrial scapes ( Oligocgsta , A. DC.).

2. XJ. amethystina, St. Jlil. Scape filiform : scales minute, distant, exauriculate at
the base ; leaves few, rosular, small, obovate or roundish, petioled ; raceme las, few-flowered :
pedicels capillary, distant, spreading-erect : bracts 2-3-fid ; calyx-segments roundish, en-
tire ; corolla small, variegated : upper lip entire, inferior slightly 3-lobed or subentire, ex-
ceeded by the conical-cylindrical, blimtish, or pointed spur. — Mart. FI. Bras. 9. t. 21./. 1,
t. 22. f 6: larger-flowered, and with larger ovate-roundish leaves. — U. modesta, A. DC.!
{in PI. Pcepp.). U. glohidarifolia, var. minor, Benjam. 1 {in PI. Kegel!) : I see no specific
difference in Salzmann’s original U. amethystina. Several other forms are probably likewise
identical, e.g. TJ. obovata, Miq., U. spathulata, Sp/itg., U. versicolor, Benjam. — Root-fibres
at length stoloniferous : bladders rare, minutely globose, subsessile ; stem 4"— 12" high ,
leaves 2"'-3'", pedicels inferior lip 1'", spur l%'"-2"' long ; flowers blue with yellow, or
whitish-blue. — Hab. Dominica !, Imr. ; [Venezuela, Guiana!, Brazil!].

3. XJ. pusilla, V. Scape capillary : scales and bracts auricled at the base, minute,
distant ; leaves few, rosular, very small, obovate or oval, shortly petioled, often none ; ra-
ceme few(-l)-flowered, flexuose : pedicels capillary, spreading-erect : bracts undivided,
single ; calyx-segments elliptical-roundish ; corolla small, “ yellow upper lip subentire,
inferior 3-lobed, half as long as the conical-subulate ascending spur. — TJ. leptantha, Benj.
ex descr. — Root fibrous : bladders minute, stipitate ; stem V'-'&f high , leaves V"—2"', pe-
dicels 2"', inferior lip 1'", spur 2"' long. — Hab. Jamaica !, Al., in muddy places, S. Anns ;
Trinidad !, Cr. ; [Guiana, Brazil].

4. XJ. subulata, L. Scape capillary : scales and bracts auricled at the base, minute,
distant ; leaves very small, spathulate-liuear, usually none ; raceme few-flowered, flexuose :
pedicels capillary, spreading : bracts undivided, single ; calyx-segments elliptical ; corolla
small, “ yellow upper lip entire, inferior slightly 3-lobed, nearly as long as or longer than
the conical -subulate, bluntish spur. — U. nervosa, Benjam. in PI. Kegel. 1 ; a low form, with
more approximate pedicels : the same was collected by Crueger and by Spruce : leaves and
bladders on the root-fibres exist in Kegel’s plant : the figure of U. nervosa in Mart. FI. Bras,
has larger flowers. — Root fibrous : bladders minute, rare, often wanting; stem 8"-l" high ;
pedicels 2"'-3'", spur 2"' long. — Trinidad!, Cr. ; [United States ! to Brazil !].

5. XJ. angustifolia, Benjam. I Scape slender, filiform, somewhat rigid, flexuose:
scales and bracts exauriculate, minute, very distant ; leaves long, grass-like, linear, taper-
ing towards the petiole, disappearing ; raceme elongated, 2-6-flowered ; pedicels very dis-
tant, capillary, spreading : bracts cut into setaceous segments ; calyx-segments ovate-round-
ish ; corolla small : upper lip' entire, inferior subentire, nearly as long as the conical-subu-
late, subincurved, pointed spur. — Root fibrous : bladders “ none ;” stems F-2' high, often
several from the same root ; leaves subsolitary, 4"-7"(-l") long, If"' broad ; pedicels 6'"-2"',
spur 3'" long ; corolla pale-blue {Cr.), yellow {Kegel). — Hab. Trinidad !, Pd., Cr., in
moist, sandy savannahs, Arima, Omeara, Aripo ; [Guiana !].

§ 3. Leaves capillary-dissected, swimming by means of the bladders ; roots none. —
Peduncles (scapes) emersed {Lentibularia, A. DC.).

fi. XJ. obtusa, Sw. Leaves whorled along submersed interwoven stems, and at the base
of the scapes: bladders obliquely subglobose, scattered on their capillary segments; scape
filiform, devoid of scales; raceme lax, few-flowered: bracts sheathing, truncate-roundish,
single, exauriculate : pedicels distant, spreading, as long as the iuternodcs ; calyx-segments
roundish ; corolla small, yellow . lips entire or inferior subentire, nearly as long or little
exceeded by the subulate, bluntish, incurved spur.— Scape G"-2", pedicels 4"'-C>'", spur 2"'
long.— Hab. Jamaica!, M'Nab, WUs., Wnllschl., in rivulets; Trinidad I, Or.; [Cuba and
Mexico to Brazil],

myriocyBta, St. Ilil. Leaves whorled along the immersed floating stem, and at
the base of the scape : bladders subglobose, numerous ou their capillary segments ; scapes

392

MYRSINEiE.

2-1-flowered, flaccid, devoid of scales : bracts sheathing, sublruncatc, single, auricled at the
base ; calyx-segments ovate, rounded ; corolla 'pink : upper lip entire, inferior 3-lobed,
nearly as long as the conical-cylindrical , bluntish, straight spur. — Mart. Ft. Bras. 9. t. 20.
f. 2, t. 22./. 1. — U. palatina, Web. — Scape 5"-2", corolla 6"'-4'" long. — Hab. Trinidad !,
Pd., Cr., in ditches of savannahs, Aripo ; [Guiana, Brazil].

8. U. coccinea, Benjam. Leaves alternate along the immersed floating stem : blad-
ders obliquely subglobose, scattered on their capillary segments ; scapes short, 1-2-flowered,
devoid of scales: bracts sheathing, blunt, single, exauriculate; calyx-segment3 roundish;
corolla small, “ crimson lips entire, nearly as long as the straighlish blunt spur. — Scapes
l"-2”, corolla If'" long. — Hab. Trinidad!, Pd. ; [Venezuela].

9. U. foliosa, L. Leaves alternate along the immersed floating branches: bladders on
their capillary segments, scarce, minutely globose ; scapes stout, many-Jlowered, bearing
1-2 scales below the lax raceme : bracts sheathing, bluut, single, exauriculate ; calyx-seg-
ments roundish ; corolla yellow : lips subentire, a little longer than the conical-cylindrical,
pointed spur. — U. oligosperma, St. Ilil. — Scape 8,,-10,/ long ; corolla 4"'-6'"'diam. IIab.
Trinidad !, Pd. ; [Venezuela to Brazil !].

2. PINGUICULA, L.

Calyx 2-lipped : the superior lip 3-, the inferior 2-fid or -partite. Corolla spurred.
Leaves rosulale ; scapes 1 -flowered.

10. 3?. elongata, Benjam. Pilose; leaves linear-lanceolate, acuminate; calyx-lobes
oblong-lanceolate ; corolla violet : tube broadly cylindrical, lobes broadly ovate, blunt : spur
very short, bluntly cylindrical. — Leaves 4"-12" long, If '"-3"' broad, about as long as the
scape; corolla 8"'-10"', spin- l'"-2"' long.— IIab. Jamaica!, Pd.

CIII. MYRSINEiE.

Character of Primulacece, but stem woody and pericarp fleshy.— Fruit globose, usually
swell l

Resinous, oblong or roundish spots occur frequently on the drupes, leaves, and flowers.
The orange-coloured berries of Jacquinia armillaris, used as a toy, are said to be poisonous.

1. MYRSINE, L.

Flowers polygamous. Calyx 4-5-fid. Corolla 4-5 -partite : segments imbricative or
valvate. Anthers ovate-oblong, longitudinally dehiscent : filamems short. Stigma lobed.
Drupe 1 -seeded by abortion. — Leaves alternate ; flowers clustered: clusters m the axils or

lateral.

Sect. 1. Manglilla, Jacq. — Corolla valvate.

1 XVI lseta A. DC. Branches rusty-puberulous, at length glabrate ; leaves chartaceons,
lanceolate or lanceolate-elliptical, usually bluntish, quite entire, subrevolute at the margin,
glabrous or glabrescent, dotted beneath, devoid of pellucid dots; clusters subsess,le:\\ owers
shortly pedicellate or subsessile ; calyx 5-4-fid.- Samara, L. (exclus. synon ) Sw. Obs. M.
salicifolia, Berterii, floridana, trinitatis, A. DC. M. conacea, Sieb. Brin. 501 {non R. Br .)
M myricoidcs, Sch/echt. : a form with the young leaves rusty-downy beneath. M. floccu-
losa Mart. Ft. Bras. 16. t. 58 (M. rufescens, A. DC.).— A. tree ; leaves variable 3 -
i U'?_4"i long 8"'-6'"(14'") broad; pedicels usually much shorter than the drupe ; drupe

diam.— IIab. Jamaica!, all coll., iu the mountains ; Dominical, Imr. ; lrinidadl,
Sieb. ; [Cuba !, Guadeloupe !, Florida and Mexico 1, to Brazil ! and Peru !].

Sect. 2. Eumyiisine. — Corolla imbricative.

2 M coriacea, R. Br. Glabrous ; leaves leathery, lanceolate, lanceolate-oblong, or
obovate-oblong, usually bluntish, quite entire, polished, subrevolutc at the margin, doltci
with pellucid points and numerous lines; clusters stalked, usually lateral : stalk (or ab

MYRSINEiE.

393

tive branehlet) often as long ns the drupes, covered with imbricated scales : flowers subses-
sile; calyx 5—1-lid. — M. cubana, A. DC., ex descr. — Leaves variable, 4"-2"(-l]-") long,
12"'-9'" (-16"') broad ; clusters equalling the petioles; drupe diam. — Hab. Ja-

maica!, March, in mountain-woods of the southern districts; Dominica !, Imr. ; [Cuba;
Panama !].

3. M. floribunda, II. Br. Glabrous ; leaves leathery, obovale, rounded or emarginate
at the top, quite entire, revolute at the margin, shining above, rusty and dotted beneath, de-
void of pellucid dots ; clusters stalked, lateral: stalk covered with imbricated scales, shorter
than the cluster: flowers sessile; calyx 5-fid .—Mart. FI. Bras. 16. t. 50-52. — Samara, TV.
S. peutandra, Sw. ltapanea guianensis, Aubl. Caballeria coriacea, Mey. ! M. Rapanea,
R. S. — A large tree or reduced to a shrub ( Schomb .) ; leaves 4"-3"(-5"-2'') long, 2"-H"(-l")
broad ; drupe 1'" diam.— -Hab. Trinidad !, Sieb. Trin. 49, Cr., in the mountains of S. Anns ;
[Haiti !, Guiana !, Brazil ! to Uruguay],

2. GRAMMADENIA, Benth.

Calyx 5(-“ 6 ”)-partite. Corolla 5(-“6”)-fid or -partite, imbricative. Stamens con-
nected into an adnate annular base : anthers subglobose, opening above by a short oblique
slit : filaments short. Style short, blunt. Drupe 1-seeded by abortion. — Glabrous shrubs ;
leaves sessile, alternate, dotted with linear ylands beneath, quite entire ; flowers in axillary,
short, slender racemes, f urnished with linear glands.

4. G. parasitica, Gr. Leaves chartaceous, obversely lanceolate, shortly acuminate,
margined : linear dots serial from the midrib to the margin ; racemes one-third or half as
long as the leaves, 10-11 -flowered: pedicels twice as long as the bractlet; corolla deeply
5-fid. — Ardisia, Sw. ! — A branched shrub, growing on trees ; leaves long, 8"'-6"'

broad : linear dots black ; corolla 1"' broad, dotted near the midribs, the blunt calyx like-
wise—Hab. Dominica !, Sw., Imr., in the upper region of the Couliabon ; S. Vincent I
Guild. ; [Guadeloupe !].

3. CONOMORPHA, A. DC.

Calyx 4(-5)-fid. Corolla 4(-5)-fid or -partite, imbricative. Stamens connected into an
annular adnate base : anthers oblong or ovoid, recurved at the top, opening by a longitudinal
slit. Style blunt. Drupe 1-seeded by abortion.— Glabrous shrubs ; leaves petioled, alter-
nate, quits sntivc^ dotted with 'points j flowers in cixillcivy Tcicewes .

. The principal character, viz. the recurved anthers, is common to this and Wallenia. The
imbricative aestivation of the corolla has been verified in C. laxiflora and four other speeies •
from the mistake of its being valvate, first occurring in Endlicher’s genera, Miquel has trans-
ferred several true Conomorphce to Cybianthus , while in the figures added to his paper (FI
Bras. 16 t. 48. 49) the aestivation is imbricative, except in C. macrophylla. Mart., which
from its figure (t. 47) probably is no congener.

5.. C. peruviana, A. DC. ! Branchlets rusty-leprous; leaves oval or ohovate-oblong
abruptly terminated by a narrow point, black-dotted beneath ; racemes rusty-leprous
simple, exceeded by the leaves : pedicels usually longer than the bractlet : corolla 4-partite •
segments elbptical pointed ; anthers oblong.— Min. Sarin, f. 34.— C. inultin

f01rU n ; aUth-l’S obl°?S— Surin- L 34— C. multipuncta, Miq.
(Gybianthus, A. DC.). Gyb. peruvianus, Mm— Leaves 3"-2" lone 16'"- 12'" broad •

tioie 4 ' -3 ", racemes 2"-l", pedicels 2'"-\"‘, corolla 1"' long— Hab. Dominica ! Imr S
Vincent !, Guild.; [Venezuela!, Guiana!, Peru!].

4. CYBIANTHUS, Mart.

ovo^or sSSl!; COr°Ua ?'f,d,or 4-l,artite.’ imbricative. Stamens distinct: anthers

or capitate ?P<! ?gi abo™ short slit: filaments short or none. Stigma blunt

alternate 'anile Zti}e J/?!/by “bort,.°"'~ _G1 labroU8 shl'llbs or small trees; leaves petioled,
alternate, quite . entire, doited with points ; flowers in axillary racemes.

what L,Te\ clm,la€,eous- ohovate-oblong, pointletcd, often some-

slender half as Iona ns apU ° ra^i°Ve’ Pae au(i hlaclc-dottcd beneath; racemes simple,
slender, long as the leaf: pedicels as long ns the drupe ; « corolla 4-lid ; anthers oval :

394

MYRSINEiE.

Iilaraeut9 conspicuous.” — A shrub; leaves T'— 3” long, broad : petiole 4 87 * * * 11 , ra-

cemes 3", pedicels H" long.— Hab. Trinidad !, Cr., at Tocuche ; [Venezuela !].

5. WEIGELTIA, A. DC.

Calyx 4-partite. Corolla 4-partite or 4-fid, imbricative. Stamens connected into an an-
nular adnate base: anthers ovoid, opening by a longitudinal slit: filaments usually longer
than the anther, incurved. Style slender: stigma minute. Drupe 1-seeded.— Glabrous
trees or shrubs ; leaves of Cybiautbus ; flowers in axillary compound racemes.

7 W. myrianthos, A. DC. Branchlets rusty-leprou9 ; leaves chartaceous, lanceolate-

oblong or elliptical-oblong, pointed, tapering into the petiole, arch-veined, pale-rusty beneath,
exceeding the pauicles : special racemes short : pedicels approximate, shorter than the bud ;
corolla 4- partite , dotted; filaments longer than the anther— Mart. FI. Bras. 16. t. 44.—
Cybianthus, Mia. Weigeltia capitellata, Miq. ! Salvadora surinamensis Spreng.l— A
tree, 20'-30' high; leaves 9"-5" long, broad; corolla pale-blue, 1 broad.— Hab.

Trinidad !, Or., in savannahs, Arima ; [Guiana !, Brazil].

6. WALLENIA, Sw.

Flowers polygamous. Calyx 4-fid. Corolla tubular, shortly 4-lobed - lobes erect, blunt,
dextrorsely contorted, or one lobe exterior. Stamens distinct (or connected in the bud), in-
serted into the base of the corolla-tube : anthers oblong, recurved, opening by two longitu-
dinal slits : filaments elongated, exserted. Style slender : stigma minute Drupe 1-seeded
bv abortion —Glabrous trees or shrubs ; leaves leathery, petioled, alternate or approximate
in pairs or whorls, subentire ; panicle terminal, formed of hcice compound corymbs.

8 W. laurifolia, Sw. Arborescent; leaves large, elliptical -oblong, blunt, rounded
or bluntish at the base, obscurely pellucid-dotted, often subopposite, the uppermost exceed-
ing the panicle: petiole thick, channelled, distinct from the lamina ; catyx .J»‘
Ft. t. 6 fig. sup. : analyt., corolla too long. Jacq. Schcenbr. t 30 — W. angidata, /ac?. .
stalks of the calyx-papill® too long.— A small tree ; leaves 8 -6 long, 3s -2, bioad,
slightly striated by numerous, delicate, costate veins : petiole 2 -6 long ; panicle suhsessUe ,
corolla yellowish, 2'" long, twice as long as the calyx ; drupe 1*

long glands.— Hab. Jamaica !, all coll., m the mountains, S. Thomas l. E., S. Anns [Cuba .,

q W clusiifolia, Gr. Shrubby ; leaves lanceolate-oblong or spathulate-oblong,
blunt tapering into the flattisli petiole, opaque, dotless, polished the uppermost twice as
SS » tT2LS panicle ; calyx' tube : glabrous -W.

stout shrub- leaves thicker than in the preceding, nearly vemless, 4 -3 long, 20 w
broad - petiole 4"'-3"' long ; flowers and drupes of the preceding : corolla 2 long, 4-lo
to i -Hab. Jamaica !, Macf, Pd., in the mountains ; [Cuba ! j. . .

10 W venosa, Gr. (n. sp.). Leaves obovate or oval-oblong, blunt, tapering into the
thickish, slightly channelled petiole, black-dotted chiefly beneath opaque, ^ch-veined mth
the veins prominent on both sides ,- panicle sessile, much exceeded by the UPP™1 leaves
„„1vY (...be dabrous —Habit oiArdisia latvpes, Mart., and of SI. t. 145. 1. 2, quoted oj
^wlTlZfoHa but which, being a climber, is probably neither.-A shrub or smaU
as thick as in the preceding, from which I I

i “'■J’11'1 lron“j

7. ARDISIA, Sw., Miq.

Calyx 5-4-fid or -partite. Corolla 5-4-partite, rotate : segments ^ (IcxtrorBely contorted

nn Wed imbricative rarely valvate. Stamens distinct, inserted into the corolla-tube.
01 iheri sh-aiuht cordate’ at the base : slit longitudinal or partially closed. Stigma minute,

or imitate. Drupe 1-sceded by abortion.-Flowers mostly paniculate, m compound ■

cem.es, corymbs, or corymbose umbels.

MYRSINE2E.

395

Sect. 1. Badula, Juss. — Corolla contorted. Anthers oblong, devoid of a terminal mucro .-
cells parallel, introrse, opening hj a longitudinal slit. Style filiform : stigma usually
capitate. Placenta “ few-ovulate.” — Bracts deciduous.

11. A. laurifolia, Juss. Glabrous; leaves leathery, lauceolate-oblong or elliptical,
with a bluntish point, tapering into the margined petiole, slightly dotted beneath, quite en-
tire : veins costate, numerous, reticulated beneath; panicles axillary, subsessile, corymbiform,
racemiform, or reduced to a simple raceme, twice or much exceeded by the leaf; corolla 5-partite:
segments obovate-oblong, about twice as long as the calyx ; anthers ohlong , blunt, as long
as the filament ; style included : stigma minute placenta few-ovulate. — A. lateriflora {non
Sw.) v. latifolia, Sieb. Mart. 296, ex parte !' (non Sieb. Maurit.). Badula Lamarelriana,
A. DC. B. lateriflora, PL Carib. ( exclus . syn. Siv.) — A “tree ;” leaves long, 2i,,-l|"
broad ; corolla-segments reflexed, 1'" long ; drupe 3'" diam. — Hab. Dominica !, Imr. ; Tri-
nidad !, Lockh. [Guadeloupe !, in moist woods.; Martinique !]

12. A. caribaea, Miq. Glabrous; leaves chartaceous or at length leathery, elliptical!
or obovate-oblong, mucronate or bluntish, contracted at the base into a stout margined pe-
tiole, repand-entire : veins costate, numerous, reticulated beneath; panicles axillary or
lateral, subsessile, corymbiform, terminated by umbels, twice or much exceeded by the leaf ;
corolla 5-partite: segments spathulate, 2-3 times as long as the calyx;; anthers oblong,
blunt, little longer than the filament ; style exserted, equalling the stamens : stigma capi-
tate; placenta few-ovulate. — Badula, A. DC. — A “tree;” leaves black in. drying, 8"-4"
long, 4"-2|"' broad ; corolla-segments reflexed, 1'" long; drupe 2'"' diam. — Hab. Dominica !,
Imr., S. Vincent; Trinidad!, Lockh., on the coast ; [Guadeloupe !].

Sect. 2. Anabdisia. — Corolla contorted. Anthers minutely subglobose, devoid of a ter-
minal mucro : cells oblique, opening by a longitudinal lateral slit. Style shortly fili-
form : stigma minute, truncate. — Bracts deciduous.

13. A. xylosteoides, Gr. ( n . sp.). Glabrous; leaves chartaceous, elliptical or ellip-
tical-oblong, blunt at both ends, petioled, repand-entire: veins distant, delicate; panicles
short, terminal, corymbose, subsessile : pedicels umbellate, thrice as long as the drupe ;
calyx A- lob ed, adpressed to the drupe: lobes roundish, entire; corolla -segments roundish!
nearly as long as the calyx ; anthers minute, much shorter than the filament. — -Leaves
blackish in drying, 2"-3" long, 14"'-20"' broad, with scattered dots beneath : petiole flat-
convex, 2"-3,// long; panicle 2"-l" diam.: pedicels 3-4-nate, 3'"--4'" long ; calyx
filaments style §"' long ; corolla dotted ; drupe 1'" diam. — Hab. Jamaica !, At,, S. Anns
near Moneague; [Haiti 1 ; Mexico !, New Granada !].

Sect. 3. Icacorea, Aubl. — Corolla contorted. Anthers oblong or oblong-lanceolate , de-
void of a terminal mucro: cells opening by a terminal pore (or at length by a slit).
Style filiform. : stigma minute , Placenta “ 6 -pluriovulate."— Bracts deciduous,

14. A. acuminata, W. Glabrous ; branches rusty-leprous : leaves chartaceous, ellip-
tical-oblong or lanceolate-oblong, pointleted, crenulate or subentire, black-dotted and rusty
beneath, petioted: veins costate ; panicles terminal : pedicels umbellate ; calyx 4(-5)-lobed-
lobes ovate, subacute ; corolla-segments obloug, twice as long as the calyx ; anthers oblonq-
lanceolate, emargmaie, thrice as long as the filament.— Mart. Fl. Bras. 16. t. 28. 29.— Ica-
corea guianensis, Aubl. Ard. semierenata, Mart. — A shrub : leaves usually 3" long li"-l"
broad ; panicle shorter than the leaves : branches diverging; corolla pale-red, U'"-2'" kmo-
Hab. lnmdad!, Or., Maraccas ; [Venezuela to Brazil],

rJ.,5; decipiens, A. DC. Branchlcls rusty-puberidous, glabrescent ; leaves, charta-
ceous elliptical-oblong, cuncate at the base, pointleted, crenulate or subentire, nearly devoid
b lnh, i i i rU8t)! be"eath: veins costate ; panicles terminal: pedicels umbellate ; calyx
oi W/ /«»• !/ 0/Vat/’ ’ Unt ; c,orolla-3cg><>ents oblong, twice as long as the calyx ; anthers
fj times as long as the filament.— Myrsine
from t hr* V q/ i CUI ^ ^ ie preceding, but anthers longer and gradually tapering

di‘I }fave%6 7? ‘ on8. 2"-l" broad ; panicle spreading; corolla 2"' long-

drupe 2 diam.-llAB. Trinidad !, Cr., Port of Spain, La Venlilla ; [Panama !].

2 D

396

MYRSINEiE.

Sect. 4. Euardtsia, Endl. — Corolla contorted. Anthers connivenl, mucronate, or pointed:
cells converging , opening laterally by a slit or pore. Stigma minute. Placenta “ d-many
ovulate .”

* Pedicels umbellate , or corymbose.

16. A. clusioides, Or. in. sp.). Glabrous ; leaves large, leathery, opposite or approxi-
mate in pairs or whorls, obovate-oblong or elliptical-oblong, blunt or rounded at both ends,
quite entire, dotless, subsessile or shortly petioled with a thick channelled petiole : midrib
thick, veins costate, delicate ; panicle terminal, subsessile, very compound : pedicel umbel-
late, shorter than the drupe ; calyx ovoid, k-lobed : lobes oval-roundish ; corolla-segments
small, oval-oblong ; anthers conical, mucronulate, opening by longitudinal slits, much longer
than the very short filament ; style thickish-filiform. — Leaves 10"-5" long, 5"-2" broad,
somewhat rusty in drying : petiole 4,,,-l,,, long, thick; panicle roundish, 3" diam.,

with large bracts at the base, 4 times divided : pedicels ebraeteate, 1'" long ; flowers polyga-
mous ; calyx 1'" long; corolla (still included) contorted-imbricative, 4-lobed to two-thirds :
stamens inserted into its tube ; pistil reduced to a style in £ ; drupe glandular, 21" diam.,
seed globose, entire at the base : albumen cartilaginous : embryo cylindrical, transverse.
Hab. Jamaica 1, At., Pd., March -, S. Anns, at Moneague, Westmoreland, in the mountains ;
Dominica 1, Imr.

17*. A. humilis, V. Glabrous; leaves chartaceous or membranaceous, obovate-oblong,
or elliptical-oblong, pointed, quite entire, tapering at the subsessile or petioled base, black-
dotted beneath ; corymbs nearly simple, most axillary : pedicels long, spreading ; calyx
5 (_4) .partite : segments oval-roundish; corolla-segments ovate, pointed, twice as long as
the calyx ; anthers large, tapering from the cordate base, pointed, opening by longitudi-
nal slits, subsessile ; style subuliform. — Wight, Ic. t. 1212. — A. solanacea, Roxb. A shiub ,
leaves 6"-4", pedicels 8'"-4"', calyx 2'", anthers 2"' long.- Hab. Naturalized in Jamaica!,
March, near Bath; [introduced from the East Indies],

** Pedicels racemose-paniculate.

18. A. guadalupensis, Ducliass. Glabrous ; leaves leathery, elliptical-obloug, blunt -
ish, tapering into the petiole, quite entire or repand, dotted : veins delicate ; panicle terminal,
dense, pyramidal : pedicels racemose ; calyx small, contorted, deeply 5-lobed : lobes ovate-
roundish ; corolla-segments ovate-roundish, twice as long as the cylindrical tube, as long as
the calyx ; anthers ovate, rounded-mucronulate, as long as or shorter than the filament,
opening by a longitudinal oval slit; style subuliform.— A. coriacea DC, ex descr. fi {non
Sw.). A. latifolia, Sieb. Mart. 296 ! ex parte. — A shrub ; leaves 5 -4 , pedicels ~ , calyx
1"', anthers long ; corolla greenish.— Hab. Dominica 1, Imr. ; [Haiti to French islands 1J.

19 A. coriacea, Sw. Glabrous ; leaves leathery, elliptical or elliptical-oblong blunt,
quite entire, nearly dotless, petioled : veins delicate ; panicle terminal, lax pyramidal : pedi-
cels racemose ; calyx slightly contorted, deeply 5-lobed ; lobes ovate-roundish, ciliate ; corolla-
segments ovate-roundish, twice as long as the calyx; anthers oblong-lanceolate minutely
mucronulate, or bluntish, as long as the filament, opening from the summit to the middle
bu a short slit; style thickish-filiform, flexuose, subuliform at the top.— Diet. Sc. Nat.
Dicot/l. t. 64.— A shrub; leaves 4"-2", pedicels 2"', calyx 1'", anthers li'" long; corolla
purplish-crimson; drupe 2f" diam.— Hab. Jamaica!, A/,, March; [Panama 1].

20. A. tinifolia, Sw. Glabrous ; leaves leathery, elliptical, bluntish, quite entire, pale-
dotted beneath, petioled : veins delicate ; panicle terminal, lax, pyramidal : pedicels race-
mous ; calyx contorted-imbricate, 5-lobed: lobes ovate-roundish, subcihate ; corolla-segments
ovate-oblong, bluntish, twice as long as the calyx ; anthers oblong-lanceolate, tapenug o-
wards the bluntish, mucronulate top, 4 times as long as the short filament opening at the
top by an oblong pore ; style thickish-filiform, flexuose, subuliform at the top —6/. /■ ~ •

A-A middle-sized tree; leaves 4"-2", pedicels 2"', calyx 1''', anthers 2''Mong; corolla
pink. — Hab. Jamaica 1, all coll., in arid mountains, S. Thomas i. E., 1 ort Royal, S. Audi i w s.

A. lateriflora, Sw., from Eorsstrotn’s specimen in Swartz’s collection, is a Euardtsia,
nrobablv found in the Swedish islands : it has oblong, C>" long leaves, a terminal panic c,
with accessory axillary branches, the umbellate pedicels supported by a persistent mvo»
of minute ovate bracelets, the stamens of A. tinifolia, but shorter, lrt' long, the corolla-

SAP0TEJ3.

397

segments oblong, and the calyx long. — A. serrulata , Sw. !, of Haiti, having a valvate
corolla, is a Parathesis : A . crenulata, Vent (Choix, t. 5), is the same species.

8. JACQUINIA, L.

Calyx 5 -partite. Corolla 5 -fid, rotate-salver-shaped, imbricative, crowned at the throat
and between the lobes with 5, roundish appendages. Stamens inserted into the corolla-tube :
lilaments subulate, subconnected at the base : anthers exserted, ovoid or deltoid, mucronulate,
extrorse, opening by slits. Placenta many-ovulate. Style included : stigma capitate.
Berry leathery, several-seeded. — Shrubs or trees ; leaves rigid, margined , quite entire ;
flowers white or orange, in racemes, umbels, or single.

21. J. armillaris, L. Glabrous; leaves cuneate-spathulate or obovate, blunt or
mucronulate, minutely dotted, revolute at the margin, stibsessile, usually wborled ; racemes
terminal, lax ; corolla to trite : tube infundibular, twice as long as the calyx. — SI. t. 190./. 2 ;
Jacq. rimer . Piet. t. 56; Fragm. t. 94./. 1. — J. revoluta, Jacq. — A shrub or tree; leaves
4"-l|" long, H"-6m broad, corolla-tube 3"' long, berry 3'" diam., orange.

a. Leaves cuneate-spathulate, nearly veinless : nodes thick ; racemes few-flowered. —
Mart. Ft. Bras. 16. t. 27./ 3. — Usually shrubby, 4'-6' high, but sometimes a small tree,
15' high (St.).

P- arborea, V. Leaves obovate or spathulate, more or less veiny beneath : nodes equal ;
racemes many-flowered.— Mart. l.c. t. 27./. 2.— Usually arboreous: trunk 4'-30' high
{Ryan) ; a shrub or small tree ( Wits .).

IIab. Jamaica!, all coll, (chiefly P), on maritime rocks; Antigua!, Wullsclil. (a), Domi-
nica !, Imr. (P), S. Vincent !, Guild. ; Trinidad !, Sieb. Tr. 54, Lockh., on rocky hills ; [Haiti
to French islands ; Eastern Florida ! to Venezuela ! and Pernambuco !] .

22. J. aristata, Jacq. Leaves glabrous, lanceolate-oblong , tapering into a slender,
terminal awn, dotless, contracted at the subsessile base; racemes terminal, lax, slightly
puberulous ; corolla orange : tube campanulate, shortly exceeding the caly x.—Jacq. Fragm.

2‘ d' caracasaml> Kill. J. umbellata, A. DC.! J. aurantiaca, Ait. ex specim.
Hortens.— A shrub, resembling J. macrocarpa, Cav., but corolla-tube 3"' long, 1"' longer
than the calyx ; leaves 2i"-l|" long, 6"'-10w broad: awn 1'" long,— Hab. Jamaica!
March; [Portorico ! ; Venezuela !, on the seashore].

9. CLAVIJA, R P.

Flower .? polygamous. Calyx 5 (-4) -partite. Corolla rotate, imbricative, crowned at the
throat with 5-10 roundish appendages. Stamens forming an entire tube in $ , distinct in
? : authors extrorse, short, usually truncate, opening by slits. Placenta many-ovulate.
Stigma blunt. Berry large, several- seeded —Trees without branches, bearing large, rosulate,
ngid, glabrous leaves at the extremity 'of the trunk, and elongated, spiciform racemes in
their axils, or in those of former leaves.

23. C. ornata, Bon. Leaves spathulate-lanceolate, long-tapering towards the shortly
petioled base, bluntish, remotely serrate or subentire : teeth spinescent, incurved : veins
costatc, delicate, minutely reticulated on both sides; racemes flaccid, half or a fourth as long
as the eaves: pedicels as long as the scarlet flower.— /ae?. Schcenbr. 1. 116.— Tlieophrasta
hmg.loha, Jacq. 20-2 high ; leaves pale, l'-l*' long, 3" broad: petiole brown, thick,
Gmhna ! Brazil]0^1 3 ~4 dlam-— Hab- Trinidad!, Sir It. Woodford ; [Venezuela!,

CIY. SAPOTEiE.

’.nscrtcd »to the sympetalous corolla, the fertile mostly opposite to its lobes.

mr!l*?v7nCa?OUST.4~]2l_2^“C<il?ed : ov,des single> usually ascending; style simple,
albuminous V u Seeds hard, either exalbuminous with a large oily embryo, or

rndidU 8h0rt> ,nosl,.V inferior. — Woody plants ;
A mil ? ^stipulate; pedicels axillary (or lateral), fascicled (or single).

cnliblc frniii nro1l'ICar y UI"vrersal> a?d in several instances it afTords gutta-percha. The
nowu as Naseberries ( Sapota , Lucuma, Mimusops), Star-apples ( Chryso -

2 d 2

398

SAPOTEZE.

phyllum Cainito), and Damson-plums {Chr. oliviforme). A bitter substance is contained
in the seeds, and the astringent bark of Sapota is known as Cortex jam aicensis. The valuable
timber-trees of this Order are generally named Bullet-trees : Sapota Sideroxylon affords one
of tbe best woods of Jamaica, which was exhibited as such at Paris ; Bipholis salicifolia,
nigra, and montana are esteemed too in Jamaica, Bumelia retusa in Dominica, Mimusops
globosa, in Trinidad.

1. CHRYSOPHYLLUM, L.

•

Calyx 5 (-6) -partite. Corolla 5(-7)-lobed. Stamens opposite the corolla-lobes, sterile
appendages none : anthers laterally dehiscent. Ovary 5-10-celled: ovules asceuding. Seeds
albuminous : albumen fleshy. — Leaves often aurate beneath with a sericeous down.

1. C. Cainito, L. Leaves oval or oblong, pointleted , aurate-sericeous (rarely silvery)
beneath : veins costate, nearly perpendicular to the midrib ; pedicels fascicled, shorter than
the petiole ; corolla campanulate-infundibular : tube twice as long as the calyx ; anthers
ovoid: stigma 10-8-crenate ; berry globose, \0-?>-celled. — Jacq. Imer Piet. t. 51; Pass.
PI. 3. t. 9 ; Besc. FI. 2. t. 70. — A tree; flowers purplish-white; berry size of an apple, or
smaller, greenish, rosy-purple, or blue ( C . coeruleum, Jacq. l.c. t. 52, C. argenteum, Jacq.
t. 54).

a. Leaves oval-oblong or oblong, usually 6"-9" (-3") long.

0. jamaicense, Jacq. Leaves oval, mucronate, 4,,-2"long; stigma 8-crenate. — SI. t. 229 ;
Br. Jam. t. 14./. 2. — This has the leaves of the following species, and would appear to be a
transition to it, but its fruit is large, globose, as in a.

Hab. Jamaica !, all coll., wild and cultivated (a, 0) ; S. Kitts !, Antigua !, Wullschl., to
Trinidad!, Sieb. Tr. 30 ; [Haiti ! and Panama ! to Brazil !].

2. C. oliviforme, Lam. Leaves oval, bluntish or mucronate, aurate-sericeous or aurate-
tomentose beneath : veins costate, nearly perpendicular to the midrib ; pedicels fascicled
shorter than the petiole ; corolla campanulate-infundibular ; anthers ovoid ; stigma 5-crenate ;
berry ovoid-oblong , \-seeded by abortion. — -Besc. FI. 2. t. 71 ; Bot. Mag. t. 3303. A tree,
less high than the preceding; leaves 3"-l|" long, usually 2" broad; flowers whitish; berry
dark-blue or black, 8"' long.

a. Leaves ferruginous-aurate beneath, bluntish ; corolla glabrous : tube twice as long as
the calyx.

0. monopyrenum, Sw. ! Leaves pale-aurate or ferruginous beneath, mucronate or blunt-
ish ; corolla-tube as long us the calyx.

Hab. Bahamas !, Swains. (0) ; Jamaica!, Sw., Pd., 11., March (a, 0), common ; [Cuba !,
Haiti !].

3. C. microphyllum, Jacq. Leaves lanceolate-oblong or elliptical-oblong, bluntly
pointleted, aurate-sericeous beneath : veins delicate, costate, oblique to the midrib , pedicels
fascicled, as long as the petiole; “corolla-tube exserted; anthers ovoid ; ovary 5-celled ;”
berry ovoid-oblong, \-seeded by abortion. Jacq. liner. Piet. t. 53. A shiub, 10 high
{Jacq.) ; leaves 3"-l£" long, 8"'-16'" broad; berry 6'" long— Hab. Jamaica!, Wullschl.,
Manchester; Dominical, Imr., in the mountains; [Cuba].

4. c. glabrum, Jacq. Leaves elliptical-oblong or oblong, bluntly pointleted, slightly
sericeous beneath, at length glabrate : costate veins distant, oblique to the midrib ; pedicels
fascicled, shorter than the petiole ; corolla campanulate, sericeous : tube twice as long as the
calyx; authers ovoid; stigma 5-6-creuate; berry ovoid or obovoid, i-seeded by abortion.—
Jacq ■ liner. Piet. t. 55. — C. microcarpum, Sw. I . C. argenteum, Sieb. Marl. 71 ! {non Jacq.).
—A tree; leaves 5"-2" long; berry 8'"-6'" long, dark-blue.— Hab. Antigua!, Wullschl.,
Dominica!, Imr., S. Vincent!, Guild.; Trinidad!, Sieb. Tr. 353, C'r. ; [Cuba! to Guiana .].

2. SAPOTA, Plum.

Calyx 6-5-leaved or -partite, imbricative. Corolla campanulate, G-5-lobed. Stamens
opposite the corolla-lobes, alternating with as many sterile appendages. Ovary 12-4-celled :
ovules ascending. Seeds albuminous : hilum separating from the placenta with an oblong
scar : albumen fleshy. — Leaves leathery.

SAP0TE2E.

399

Sect. ]. Micropholts.- Calyx b-partite. Anthers ovoid or deltoid, laterally dehiscent:
appendages of the corolla minute, linear, incurved. Scar as long as the seed. Leaves
shining, striated with delicate transverse veins.

5. S. rug-osa, Gr. Branchlets and pedicels slightly sericeous; leaves polished oblong

or elliptical, shortly pointleted with a lluntish point glabrous; pedicels fascicled; cyx
sericeous: segments ovate, bhmtish; corolla 5-fid to the middle shortly exserted ; anthers
ovoid, equalling the appendages ; berry globose, hard, rough, 4-celled - Chry sophy 11 um, Sw .!
Sideroxylon, R.S. Sid. pomiforme, A. DC. : ex descr.-K tree ; eaves resembling Calo-
phyU.nl, 5 "-6" long: petiole pedicels 5'"-6'", calyx 1"' long; berry 1 diam.—

Hab. Jamaica!, Sw., Pd., M‘Nab, in mountain-woods, Manchester.

Sect. 2. Aciiras, A. DC.— Calyx 6- leaved , 2-serial. Anthers sagittate-lanceolate, laterally
dehiscent, exceeded by the appendages of the corolla. Scar shorter than the seed.
Leaves striated with distant, transverse, inconspicuous veins ; pedicels single m the axils.

6. S. Achras' Mill. Branchlets, pedicels, and petioles rusty-pubescent ; leaves lanceo-
late-oblong, with a bluntish point at both ends, concolor, glabrous ; pedicels as long as the
petiole, single, but approximate at the leafy top of the branches ; sepals ovate, bluutis ,
rustv-pubescent, 3 interior coloured ; corolla scarcely exserted ; berry large, globose i or
ovoid, flesbv, 8-1 0 (-1 2) -celled. — SI. t. 230 ; Dr. Jam. t. 19./. 3 ; Jacq. Amer Put. <.60 ;
Tuss FI. 1. t. 5 ; Desc. FI. 4. t. 259.— Achras Sapota, L. — A tree ; leaves 3 -4 . petioles
8"'-l 2"', whitish corolla 5'" long; berry hard -coated, brownish-yellow, usually 3 diam.:
seed black, 1" long. The Sapodilla of the Bahamas (Catesb. Carol. 2. t. 87), with trans-
versely ovoid berries, is said to be a variety.— Hab. Trinidad 1, Loclch., Sell. ,• generaUy culti-
vated in Jamaica 1, all coll., S. Vincent !, Guild. ; [Mexico! to Guiana ! ; cultivated in all
tropical countries],

7. S. Sideroxylon, Gr. Branches, pedicels, and petioles slightly greyish-puberulous ;
leaves oblong or lanceolate-oblong, blunt or bluntisb at both ends , glabrous above, paler ana
glabrate beneath ; pedicels as long as the petiole, single, but approximate at the leafy top of
the branches ; sepals ovate, bluntish, puberulous ; berry hard, small globose, 6 -celled.-—
SI. t. 169. f. 2. — Achras, Hook. Paris Exhibition, p. 63. A. Sapota, 0, L. Generally the
tallest of all the trees in the woods of Jamaica (P. Br .), usually confounded with the pre-
ceding, but the leaves larger, 6W— 4“ (8"—'S’1) long, usually rounded at both ends, the young
silvery-puberulous beneath, calyx 3 1 ! 1 long, berry &1" diam., mucronate, seeds 3 —4 long.
Hab. Jamaica!, M'Nab, March, in the woods of the lowlands and the mountains ; [per-
haps Key- West: for Nuttall observes of his &pota-specimen from that island, “fruit a
round ball, brown, as large as a marble ”].

3. SIDEROXYLON, L.

Calyx 5-leaved or 5-partite, imbricative. Corolla rotate, 5-partite or 5-fid. Stamens
opposite the corolla-divisions, alternating with uniserial appendages : anthers usually extrorse.
Ovary 5(~2)-celled: ovules ascending. Seeds albuminous, with a small, roundish scar : albu-
men thick, cartilaginous. — Leaves reticulated-veiny and charlaceous in the Wi ist Indian
species.

8. S. mastichodendron, Jacq. Glabrous ; leaves oval, or ovate-oblong, rounded or
bluntish at the top, undulate, long-pctiolcd ; pedicels fascicled, usually lateral, 2-4 times
shorter than the petiole ; calyx 5-leaved, puberulous, half as long as the 5-partite corolla ;
filaments as long as the lanceolate, subentire appendages, half as long as the obovate corolla-
segments : anthers ovoid-oblong; ovary 5 -celled ; berry ovoid, 1-seeded.— Catesb. 2. t. 75 : a
form with long, bluntish leaves; Jacq. Coll. 2. t. 17 •/• 5 : analyt. — Bumelia pallida, Sw. !
Sideroxylon, Sjireng. — A tree ; leaves variable, 4"-2H(-8,,) long ; pedicels 3'", yellow corolla
2’", berry 6w-10," long. — Hab. Bahamas ( Catesb .) ; Jamaica!, Sw., Al., Wullschl., in the
lowlands; Antigua !, Nichols. ; [Cuba!, Haiti 1, Guadeloupe!].

9. S. floribundum, Gr. ( n . sp.). Glabrous; leaves ovate-oblong, with a bluntish
point, undulate-rcpand, long-petiolcd ; pedicels densely fascicled, lateral, 3-4 times shorter
than the petiole ; calyx 5-lobed, glabrous, one-third as long as the b -partite corolla ; fila-
ments much longer than the subulate, 3-2-4 Id, keeled appendages, as long as the roundish

400

SAPOl’EJL.

corolla-segments : anthers ovoid, cmarginate at the base ; ovary 5-celled. — S. feetidissimum,
Jacq., from his description does not agree in its long appendages, and the preceding has much
smaller flowers. Leaves 4"(-2") long, 2"(-l") broad below the middle : petiole drooping,
1" long; fascicles approximate, 5 -18-flowcred : pedicels thickish, glabrous, 3'" long ; sepals
roundish, concave-adpressed, much imbricated, quite glabrous or minutely ciliolate ; corolla-
segments 2i'"-3'" diam., concave ; appendages rarely one-third as long as the subulate fila-
ments, keeled on the inside : anthers exserted from the still connivent corolla, incumbent,
almost 1'" long ; style subuliform, 5-gonal, blunt. — Hab. Jamaica I, March.

4. MIMUSOPS, L.

Calyx 6-8-leaved, 2-serial. Corolla rotate, 6-8-partite : appendages twice as many, re-
sembling its segments, geminate between them : the segments opposite the sepals. Stamens
opposite the corolla-segments, alternating with as many interior appendages : anthers sagit-
tate, extrorse. Ovary 6-8-celled: ovules ascending. Berry few-l-sceded by abortion.
Seeds of Sideroxylon. — -Leaves leathery , polished : veins inconspicuous ; corolla subincluded
within the calyx , or shortly exserted.

10. JV£. dissecta, R. Br. Leaves oblong or obovate-oblong, retuse, green, concolor,
glabrous ; pedicels as long as the petioles ; corolla-segments 6, oblong, exceeding the lanceo-
late-linear, exterior appendages ; interior appendages deltoid, subentire. — Achras, Forst. / .-
his specimen in H. Gott. is good, and identical with our Bahama plant, except in the axils
being 1-flowered. M. Sieberi, A. DC. ! — Leaves 2"— 4", petioles 6,H-10'" long. —Hab.
Bahamas !, Swains. ; S. Vincent !, Guild.; Trinidad !, Sieb. Tr. 33 ; [Pacific islands !].

11*. M. Kauki, L., R. Br. Leaves obovate or oval, retuse or rounded at the fop,
discolor, silvery-grey by subsericeous down beneath, or giabrate ; pedicels as long as the
petioles; corolla segments 6, lanceolate, as long as the lanceolate-linear appendages ; in-
terior appendages deltoid, dentate; berry ovoid ox obovoid. — Humph. Amboin. 3. t. 8 : pre-
senting 6 sepals. Gcertn. Carp. 3. t. 205 : the seed. Bot. Mag. t. 3157. — M. dissecta,
Hook. I JVC. Hookeri, A. DC. ! M. Balata, Gcertn. M. Manilkara, Dow.— Leaves 3"-5",
petioles 8'"— 12w, berries 1 !l--l V' long. — Hab. Naturalized in S. Vincent 1, Guild.; [Pacific
islands !, trop. Australia!, East Indies !, on the seashore].

12. M. globosa, Gcei'tn. Leaves obovate or oval-oblong, retuse or apiculate-blunt,
greyish, concolor , glabrous above, puberulous or lepidote and glabrescent beneath with minute,
scaly down ; pedicels about as long as the petioles ; calyx puberulous-cauescent, 6-leaved ;
“ corolla-segments as long as the exterior appendages ; interior appendages 2-dentate at the
top ;” berry globose, large. — Gcertn. Carp. 3. t. 205 : the fruit, agreeing with our Crabb
island specimen. SI. t. 228. /. 3 : the foliage.— M. bidentata, A. DC. ; from this the de-
scription of the corolla is taken. M. Balata, Crueg. I — A large tree ; leaves 2 -6 long ;
rigid, variable: petiole 4"'— 12"' long; berry resembling that of Sapota A chras, or a de-
pressed apple, IV' high, 2" broad, at length umbilicate at the base. The berries sent by
Crueger, only V' diam., are probably unripe. — IIab. Jamaica {SI.), S. Anns, near Seville, in
woods; Trinidad 1, Cr. ; [Crabb island I ; Venezuela!, Guiana].

5. DIPIIOLIS, A. DC.

Calyx 5(4-8)-leaved, imbricative. Corolla rotate or infundibular, 5 (-4) -partite or -lobed.
Stamens opposite the corolla-divisions: appendages 2-serial, exterior gemmate between the
corolla-divisions, interior alternating with the filaments : anthers extrorse. Ovary o( /'V] ei
ovules ascending. Berry usually 1-seeded by abortion. Seeds of Sideioxy on. ices,
leaves chartaceous, arch-veined.

13. D nigra, Or. Glabrous or early giabrate ; leaves ovate-oblong or elliptical-oblong,
with a bluntisb point, undulate-repond, long-petioled ; pedicels densely fascicled, usually
lateral, l-i as long as the petioles , calyx 5-leaved, glabrous, half as long as the 5 -partite
corolla ; exterior appendages oval, interior cordate-deltoid, serrulate, as long as the stamens ,
filaments short: anthers bifid from the base to the middle; berry ovoid-globose.— Sw. 11.
I 8: the flower; Gcertn. Carp. 3. t. 202: the fruit. — Bumclin, Sw. (non Rich. Cub.).

Sideroxylon, Gcerln.-K large tree; leaves drooping resembling those o the West Indian

Sideroxyla, 3"-5", petioles about 1" long ; pedicels 4"'-2"', corolla 1 \ , berry 6 8 long,

SAPOTEiE.

401

the latter G'" broad: its milk very clammy (Pd.) ; albumen exactly as in Sideroxylon.-
Hab. Jamaica !, Pd,, AL, Wullsehl., mis., March, in mountain-woods.

14 D salicifolia, A. PC. Branchlets rusty-sericeous, glabrate; leaves lanceolate or
ellipticaUanceolate, pointed, tapering into the petiole, glab, rous pedv ^
fascicled and lateral, rusty-sericeous, shorter than the petioles; calyx 5-leaved, rusty scr ce
ous half as long as the 5-partite corolla ; exterior appendages subulate interior oval
serrate nearly as long as the filaments ; anthers oblong; berry small, ovoid-globose Sl.t.
206 /. I K Jam. t. 11. f. 4; Rich. Cub. t. 54./. 2.-Achras, L. Bumeha Sw.
B. nigra, Bertero / (non Sw.). B. pentagona, Sw. (Sideroxylon A.

with few-flowered fascicles.— A large, fragrant tree ; leaves 4 -2 long, 16 9 bioad . p

tide 6"'-8"/, pedicels 2"'-3"', corolla H'", berry 4"'-3'" long, the after 3" broad, shining-
black, mucronate, sometimes slightly 5-gonal.— Hab. Jamaica !, all coll., in diy, calcai
soil; Dominica (Sw.), Barbadoes (Mage.) ; Cuba! to Guadeloupe !J.

15. D. montana, Gr. Branchlets rusty-sericeous, glabrate ; leaves elliptical, obovate,
or obovate-lanceolate, blunt, retuse or with a bluntish point, tapering into a short petiole,
glabrous : fascicles usually few-flowered, axillary : pedicels puberulous about as long as the
petiole; calyx 5 (-8-4) -leaved, sericeous, half as long as the 5-fid corolla -.exterior appen
ages subulate, interior roundish, serrate, as long as the filaments ; anthers ovate ; berry
ovoid.— Sw. FI. t. 8 : the flower, but not accurate.— A tree; eaves variable usually 3 -3 ,
pedicels 3"'-4"', corolla 1/", berry 6"'-8'"long, the latter 4"'-5'" broad.— Hab. Jamaica.,
Mac/., Pd., AL, Wullsehl., March, in mountain-woods ; [Cuba!].

6. BUMELIA, Sw., Gcertn.

Calyx 5-leaved, imbrieative. Corolla, stamens, and appendages of Bipholis. Ovary 5-
celled : ovules ascending. Berry mostly 1 -seeded by abortion. Seeds esalbummous, wit
a small roundish scar —Leaves in the West Indian species leathery , with somewhat cost ate,
oblique veins, and style exserted, longer than in Dipholis : no spines, except in B. buxi-
folia.

16. B. retusa, Sw. Arboreous ; branchlets rusty-sericeous or glabrescent ; leaves obovate

or roundish, retuse or rounded at the top, cuneate at the shortly petioled base, glabions
above, rusty-sericeous or glabrous beneath ; pedicels densely fascicled, sericeous, usually
longer than the petiole ; calyx sericeous, half as long as the corolla, one-third as long as the
style: exterior appendages lanceolate, cuspidate, half as long as the corolla- segments, in-
terior broadly ovate, serrate, channelled; berry ovoid. — Gcertn. Carp. 3. t. 202.— A hmd
tree; leaves pedicels 3"'(-6'"), corolla 2"', berry H" long.— Hab. Jamaica!,

Macf , Pd., March, in mountain-woods, Manchester; S. Anns; Dominical, Imr.

17. B. cuneata, Sw. Shrubby; branchlets subsericeous, early glabrescent; leaves
small, obovate-roundish, rounded or retuse at the top, cuneate at the shortly petioled base ,
glabrous ; fascicles few-flowered : pedicels glabrescent, as long as the petiole ; calyx gla-
brescent, half as long as the* corolla, one-third as long as the style ; exterior appendages lan-
ceolate, exceeding half the corolla-segments, interior broadly ovate, serrulate \ berry obovoid-
globnse. — Sideroxylon, A. DC. B. myrsiuifolia, A. DC. — Leaves S^-IS1 ' , petioles 2 ,
corolla 1%"', berry 3W long. — Hab. Jamaica (Sw.) ; Antigua!, Wullschl.; [S. Thomas !,
Guadeloupe !].

18. B. rotundifolia, Sw. Shrubby, wholly glabrous; leaves small, oval-roundish,
rounded at both ends, shortly petioled ; pedicels densely fascicled, longer than the petiole ;
calyx glabrous ; exterior appendages lanceolate, iuterior broadly ovate, serrulate ; berry el-
lipsoidal.— A small shrub {Pd.) ; leaves about 1” long, 9'” broad, sometimes nearly orbi-
cular-. petioles \!n-\\'", pedicels 2'", berry Zm long. — IIab. Jamaica!, Pd., on rocks, S.
Katherine on the banks of the llio Cobre.

19. B. Craegerii, Gr. (n. sp.). Branchlets and pedicels puberulous ; leaves small,
obovate, rounded or retuse at the top, cuneate at the shortly petioled base, glabrous ; pedicels
densely fascicled, lateral, as long as the petioles ; calyx puberulous below, half as long as
the style, two-thirds as long as the corolla; exterior appendages minnte, ovate, much shorter
than the corolla-segments, interior broadly ovate, serrulate. — Habit of B. cuneata, but fasci-
cles about 20-fiowered. Leaves 1 i"— L" long, less leathery than in the other species ; pedi-
cels 2"', corolla 1'" long. — Hab. Trinidad!, C.r.

402

STYRACEiE.

20. B. buxifolia, IF. Spinose ; branchlets and pedicels rusty-sericeous; leaves oval-
oblong, bluntly apiculate, bluntish at the base, shining-glabrous above, glabrate beneath ;
pedicels densely fascicled, lateral, shorter than or as long as the petioles ; calyx rusty -puberu-
lous, two-thirds as long as the corolla, half as long as the style ; all appendages oblong-
lanceolate , acuminate, as long as the stamens, little exceeded by the corolla. — Klh. N. Gen.
7. t. 647 : the exterior appendages solitary by mistake. — Leaves 2"-l£" long, 1" broad ;
pedicels 2"'-2V"> corolla 2"' long. — Hab. Trinidad!, Or. ; [Venezuela],

7. LUCUMA, Juss.

Calyx 4-many -leaved or -partite, imbricative. Corolla tubular, 6-4(-S)-lobed. Stamens
opposite the corolla-lobes, alternating with as many sterile appendages. Ovary 10-2-celled :
ovules pendulous. Seeds exalbuminous : radicle inferior.

21. I«. multiflora, A. DC. Branchlets rusty-sericeous, glabrate; leaves chartaceous,
obovate-oblong or obovate, blunt, glabrous : costate veins distant, delicately reticulated ; pe-
dicels fascicled (or single), usually shorter than the petiole ; calyx 4- leaved , 2-serial : sepals
roundish, spreading, rusty-sericeous, half as long as the 6-lobed corolla ; anthers ovate-lan-
ceolate, 'equalling the keeled appendages, laterally dehiscent ; ovary 4-celled ; berry globose,
\-seeded by abortion. — Achras quadrifida, IJb. Blcs. — A noble tree (Pd.), resembling L.
paucijlora, A. DC. ( Achras vitellina, Tuss. FI. t. 4. f. 19), which has densely reticulated"
leaf-veins, larger flowers, and a 5-8-seeded, "eatable berry. Leaves variable, 8"-4"(-2"),
corolla 4'", anthers lm long ; berry 8"'-10'" diam. : pericarp rather leathery, filled up by
the subglobose seed. — Hab. Jamaica I, Macf., AL, Pd., Wullschl., Manchester, S. Anns,
Hanover, common in woods,

22. L. mammosa, G. Branchlets rusty-villous; leaves chartaceous, obovate-oblong
or spathulate, with a long cuneate base, mucronate, glabrous above, glabrescent beneath :
costate veius distant, delicately reticulated ; pedicels lateral, subsolitary, but approximate,
shorter than the calyx ; calyx 10-9-leaved, pluriserial, imbricative : sepals roundish, conni-
vent, sericeous, interior half as long as the 5 -fid sericeous corolla ; anthers lanceolate, equal-
ling the subulate keeled appendages ; ovary 5-celled ; berry ovoid-oblong, rough, usually 1-
seeded by abortion — SI. t. 218. Jacq. Amer. Piet. t. 59. — Achras, L. ( non Tuss. 3. t. 6,
which is Bassia Jussiasi, ej. ; non Desc.)- — A tree ; leaves 8f,-6" long, 3 "-2" broad above ;
corolla white, 5"'-6'", berry about 6", seed 2i" long. — Hab. Jamaica! (Jacq.), Al., Pd.,
cultivated 1 ; [Cuba, Panama 1 Venezuela].

8. POUTERIA, Aubl.

“ Calyx 4-partite, imbricative. Corolla campanulate, 4-lobed : lobes alternating with ap-
pendages. Stamens inserted into the base of the corolla-tube.” Capsule woody, 4-valved
to the base, usually 1-seeded by abortion : seed pendulous, loosely enclosed within a red
membrane, exalbuminous : testa crustaceous : radicle superior, short.

The affinities of this genus are doubtful : Jussieu considered it to be Ebenaceous. Our
specimens are in fruit only, but I compare the flowers of Labatia, Mart (Poepp. Coll. 1885),
in which the stamens are opposite the corolla-lobes, though more deeply inserted than in
the preceding genera, the appendages analagous to those of Lucuma, and the anthers ex-
trorse. Hence Labatia is really Sapotaceous, but, if Pouteria- has the same stamens, this
genus would be very anomalous by a superior radicle, dehiscent fruit, the calyx not persis-
tent, and the petioles nodose at the summit. — Labatia sessilijlora, Sw., of Haiti, is unknown
to me, and I doubt of its being a congerer of Pouteria.

23. P. guianensis, Aubl. Glabrous; leaves usually opposite, elliptical-oblong or lan -
ccolate-oblong, pointed : veins costate ; pedicels (in fruit) longer than the petiole ; capsule
elliptical-oblong, lurid-tomentose. — Aubl. t. 33. — A tree ; leaves 8n-0”, petiole 12"'-6"',
capsule 1" long. — Hab. Trinidad !, Cr., S. Anus ; [Guiana],

CY. STYRACEiE.

Petals usually connected by the staminal tube. Stamens mostly monadclphou9 (or

STYRACE2E.

403

polvadclphons), more numerous than the petals : filaments flattish. Ovary usually adnate
to the base of the calyx-tube, syncarpous : style simple. Seeds albuminous: embryo cylin-
'drical, or with a slender radicle and foliaceous cotyledons. — Woody plants; leaves simple ,
exstipulate.

1. STYRAX, L.

Calyx 5-denticulate or -truncate. Corolla 5(-3-8)-partite. Stamens twice as many as
the corolla-segments ; anthers usually linear, adnate. Ovary 3-celled : cells many-ovulate :
upper ovules or all ascending. Fruit usually subeylindrical and 1 -seeded by abortion, sup-
ported by the calyx, often 3-valved. Embryo axile: cotyledons foliaceous, as long as the
radicle.— Flowers white ; doion mostly stellate or lepidote, rarely simple.

Sect. Nothostyrax. — Corolla-segments valvate. Calyx adnate to the base of the ovary.

1. S.- glaber, Sw. ! Branchlets lepidote ; leaves elliptical or elliptical-oblong, point-
leted, subentire, white-lepidote beneath, and with scattered, rusty, stellate, disappearing
scales ; racemiform cymes axillary, exceeding the petiole : pedicels shorter than the nodding
flower ; corolla tomentose-lepidote, thrice as long as the 5-denticulate calyx ; anthers linear.
— S. occidentalis, Sw. ! S. guianensis, A. EC. {PI. Spruce. 2126).— A tree; leaves 4"-8",

• corolla 8"' long; cymes many-2(-l)-flowered. — Hab. S. Vincent!, Anders.; [Guiana, equa-
torial Brazil I].

2, SYMPLOCOS, Jacq.

Calyx 5-lobed. Petals 5-8 (-10), imbricative, usually connected at the base by the
stamiual tube. Stamens mostly iudelinite: anthers erect, roundish. Ovary 3-5 (-6-2)-
celled : cells few-ovulate : ovules pendulous. Erupe adnate to the calyx-tube, crowned be-
low the summit by its limb. Embryo cylindrical.— Peduncles axillary : flowers in the West
Indian species white, odorous ; down simple.

Sect. CiPONtMA, Aubl. — Petals spreading above. Filaments erect, several-serial, flat, con-
stricted below the anther. Erupe 'i-a -celled ; cells l-seeded by abortion.

2. S. octopetala, Sw. Branchlets glabrescent ; leaves elliptical, bluntly mucronate,
glandular-serrulate above, glabrous, or sparingly hispidulous and glabrate beneath \ peduncles
1-2-flowered, exceeding the petiole ; ca/y.v supported by 3-5, roundish, pubescent bractlets :
lobes roundish, ciliate ; 5 petals obovat e-oblong, often with an accessory row of l-“4 ” nar-
rower ones ; stamens monadelphous : tube much exceeding the line of adhesion ; drupe oblong,
5-celled, glabrous. — Ternstroemia crenata, Macf. — A tree, 30f high; leaves thin, rigidulous,
*3' -4", peduncles 5,,/— 6,,,) corolla 6" -5"', drupe 8'" long : the larger drupe is the chief ground
for supposing that this is not a form or monstrosity of the following species. — Hab. Ja-
maica !, Pd., Al., in woods, S. Anns, S. George.

3. S. martinicensis, Jacq. Branchlets glabrescent ; leaves elliptical, pointleted or
bluntish, subentire, crennlate-repand or serrulate, glabrous; peduncles h-\-flowered, nearly
as long as the petiole ; calyx supported by several deltoid or roundish, puberulous bractlets :
lobes roundish, ciliate; petals 5, oblong; stamens peutadelphous : bundles adhering nearly
to the middle of each petal, deeply cffvided above the line of adhesion; drupe small, ovoid-
oblong, 5(-3)-celled, glabrous. — Sw. Obs. t. 7.f. 1. — A tree or shrub ; leaves shining, rigi-
dulous, 2"-4", peduncles 3w-5"', corolla 4,,,-5f", drupe 4'" long. — Hab. Jamaica !, Pd.,
Manchester; Dominica !, Imr. ; [Cuba ! to French islands !].

4. S. Ciponima, L’Her. Branchlets hirsute ; leaves oblong or lanceolate-oblong,
with a bluntish point, revolute at the margin, subentire or erenate-repand, glabrous above,
hispidulous beneath ; peduncles reduced, 3- many-flowered ; calyx supported by hirsute
bractlets : lobes ovate-lanceolate, bluni, hirsute ; petals 5, oblong ; stamens peutadelphous :
bundles slightly adhering to the petals, divided nearly to the middle ; drupe “ ovoid, 5-4-
cellcd, glabrescent.” — Aubl. t. 226. Mart. Fl. Bras. 17. t. 8 ./. 2 : ana/yl. — A shrub, 8'
high ; leaves 2"-3", corolla 3,"-5'", drupe “ 4'" long.” — Hab. Trinidad I, Pd., Cr., in
woods; [Venezuela!, Guiana!, eq. Brazil!].

Of Ilumiriacea, SaccoglOttis amazonica , Mart., occurs in Rev. Mr. Guilding’s S. Vin-
cent collection, but is probably only cultivated in that island’s Botanic Garden.

404

OLElNEiE.

CVI. EBENACEZE.

Flowers usually diceciously polygamous. Corolla sympetalous : lobes dextrorsely con-
torted. Stamens indefiuite-3, inserted into tbe base of the corolla or hypogynous : anthers
large, erect, tapering above. Ovary superior, syncarpous, 3-12-celled: ovules 1-2 in each
cell, pendulous ; style mostly divided. Berry mostly supported by the calyx. Testa membra-
naceous. Embryo in the axis of cartilaginous albumen : radicle slender, superior. — Woody
plants ; leaves entire, exstipulate ; inflorescence axillary ; corolla usually pubescent.

I. DIOSPYROS, L.

Calyx 4-6-lobed or -partite. Corolla campanulate or tubular : limb 4-6-partite. Sta-
mens inserted without order into the base of the corolla: filaments often connected in pairs,
less numerous in £ . Ovary 4-12-celled : cells 1-ovulate. — Hermaphrodite or $ fluwers
usually clustered, and ? solitary.

Sect. Tetradiospyros, A. DC. — Calyx Globed to the middle. Stamens in the herma-
phrodite flower 8-6. Ovary i-celled : style &-fid. Berry globose, 4s(-2)-seeded, sup-
ported by the cupuliform calyx. — Peduncles of hermaphrodite 3-flowered.

1. D. tetrasperma, Sw. Branchlets glabrescent; leaves cuneate-spathulate, blunt,
glabrous, shining above, the young ones pellucid-dotted ; peduncles as loDg as the petioles,
ccrnuous ; corolla sericeous : tube ellipsoidal-cylindrical, twice as long as the calyx, much
longer than the 4 partite limb. — Jacq. Sclicenbr. t. 312. Garin. Carp. 3. t. 208 : the fruit. ■
— D. obovata, Jacq. — A shrub; leaves H"-3", calyx 2"' long, the latter slightly imbrica-
tive with rounded lobes; corolla yellowish: tube 4"', lobes 1'" long, ovate-roundish; fila-
ment-pairs alternating with the corolla-lobes : anthers hastate, longer than the filament ;
berry 6"' diam.; testa rugulose, but albumen not ruminate: embryo cylindrical.— Hab.
Jamaica!, Pd., M‘Nab, March, on arid calcareous soil along the coast, S. Andrews, S.
Marys; [Cuba!; Panama].

2. MABA, Forst.

Calyx 3-lobed. Corolla campanulate : limb 3-partite : stamens of $ free from the co-
rolla: anthers lanceolate-linear, often apiculate. “Ovary of ? 3-celled: cells 2-ovulate;
style 8-fid.” — $ flowers clustered or solitary.

Jacquin described the berry as 6-celled, combined with a 3-fid style. Macreightia cari-
bcea, A. DC. (Cuba !), is no congener of our plant : its 3-lobed calyx has replicative sinus,
and ’its 3 stamens in ? are inserted into the corolla, viz. two opposite its lobes, the third
nearly alternating : ovary 3-celled, with three other incomplete dissepiments, separating the
geminate ovules ; berry large, ovoid ; albumen deeply ruminate, cartilaginous.

2. M. inconstans, Gr. Branchlets glabrescent ; leaves obovate-oblong, glabrous ; pe-
duncles in <? 3-“ many ’’-flowered, lateral, as long as the petioles; calyx 3-lobed to the
middle : lobes roundish, apiculate : corolla densely sericeous : tube subcylindrical, twice as
long as the ovate, pointed lobes; stamens 11-10-“ 3”: anthers apiculate.— Jacq. Amer.
Piet. t. 263./. 87 : the flower. — Diospyros, Jacq. Macreightia, A. DC. Diosp. Berterii,
A. DC. (D. obtusifolia, Berter!).— A shrub, 10' high ; leaves 3"-5", imbricative calyx 2"',
tabe of the yellowish corolla 3'" long, its lobes slightly contorted, induplioative ; stamens
distinct : anthers twice as long as the filament, lanceolate-linear : connective forming a point
beyond the cells ; “ berry globose.” — Hab. S. Vincent I, Guild. ; [New Granada !, ou the
coast].

CVII. OLEINEZE.

Corolla sympetalous or petals 4, incompletely connected by 2 (4-1) stamens ; rarely
wanting : estivation usually valvar. Ovaiy superior, syncarpous, 2-celled : ovules 2 in each
cell pendulous, collateral. Embryo with foliaceous cotyledons, in a large albumen (rarely
“ tliick aud exalbuminous”). — Woody plants; leaves opposite, exstipulate ; infloresccucc
Irichotomous-paniculate, corymbose, or racemose.

OLEINEiE.

405

1*. OLE A, L.

Calyx 4- fid or truncate. Corolla deeply 4-fid (rarely 0) : lobes ovate. Stamens 2, in-
serted'into the corolla-tube. Drupe usually 1-seeded : endocarp bard : seed exalbuminous.
Leaves simple.

1*. O. fragrans, Thunb. Glabrous; leaves leathery, elliptical-oblong or elliptical-
lanceolate, serrulate or subentire, dotted beneath ; flowers dioecious, in axillary corymbs ;
anthers shortly exserted : connective enlarged ; ovary in $ 2-fid, with conical, incurved
lobes. — Bot. Mag. t. 1552. — Osmanthus, Lour. — A shrub; leaves corolla 2'" long,

fragrant. — Hab. Naturalized and common in the highlands of J amaica ! , March ; [intro-
duced from China].

2. H2ENIANTHUS, Gr.

Calyx 4-fid. Corolla 4-partite: segments subcyliudrical-clavate, induplicative at the
base. Anthers 2, ovoid, laterally dehiscent, subsessile within the corolla-tube. Stigma
thick, subsessile. Drupe 1-seeded by abortion: endocarp chartaceous. Albumen cartila-
ginous.— Trees, glabrous, but bearing scattered, minute scales on the branches and foliage ;
leaves simple, quite entire, petioled ; panicle terminal, trichotomous ; pedicels ternate,
thickisli.

The drupe is described from a nearly allied new Cuba species, discovered by Mr. Wright.
In its seed it is not distinguished from Linociera, the West Indian species of which prove
albuminous (as described by Gartner), while the East Indiau Linociera (i.e. Ghionanthus,
Bl.) are said to be exalbuminous. Our genus has the corolla-tube of Chionanthus, the thin
endocarp of Eu/inociera, and is peculiar by its spreading, elougated-clavate corolla-segments,
which are cylindrical and somewhat laterally compressed.

2. H. incrassatus, Gr. Leaves rigid, elliptical or elliptical-oblong, cuneate at the

base, bluntish, twice as long as the petiole : veius costate, delicate ; anthers filling up the
corolla-tube, twice as long as the pistil. — Chionanthus, Sw. ! — A large tree; leaves 3"-2"
long, broad; calyx minute; corolla white ; tube 1"', segments 3'" long — Hab. Ja-

maica !, Sw., Macf., in mountain-woods.

3. LINOCIERA, Sw.

Calyx 4-fid. Petals 4, linear, connected in pairs by the filaments. Stamens 2. Stigma
emarginate-capitate, terminating the style. Drupe 1-2-seeded by abortion. Albumen car-
tilaginous.— Leaves simple , quite entire ; flowers in panicles or corymbs.

Sect. 1. Eulinociera. — Anthers elongated, nearly extrorse, exceeding the filiform style,

in the bud enclosed within the induplicative petals : filaments almost wholly adnate.

Endocarp chartaceous. — Leaves shining above, dotted beneath.

3. I«. ligustrina, Sw. Glabrous ; leaves elliptical-lanceolate or obovate-lanceolate ;
panicles terminal and axillary : pedicels ternate, as long as the flower, 2-bracteolate above
the base, or towards the middle; anthers linear, almost as long as the petals; drupe ovoid-
subglobose. — Sw. El. t. 2 : analyt. — A tree (Pd.) or shrub ; leaves 2", white corolla 4"'-3'",
drupe 4"' long. — Hab. Jamaica!, Pd., Wullschl., Manchester-, Westmoreland; [Cuba !,
Haiti],

Sect. 2. Cebanthus, Schreb. — Anthers short, laterally dehiscent, equalling the short
style : filaments free above. Endocarp hard. — Leaves dotless.

4. I*, compacts, R. Br. Leaves rigid, elliptical-oblong, pointletcd, glabrous : vein-
axils bearing usually a tuft ot hairs beneath ; panicle terminal, puberulous : flowers ternate,
shortly pedicellate ; pedicels as long as the calyx ; anthers ovate, pointed ; drupe ellipsoidal-
oblong, bluntish. Jacq. Coll. 2 . t &.f. 1. Puhl, Bras. 2. t. 164. — Chiouaulhus, Sw. C.
carilnca, Jacq. C. incrassata, Barter! ( non Sw.). L. tetrandra, Sieb. Mart. 3 : being
diandrous. L. glomerate, Pohl. — A tree; leaves 5,,-3/,) bluntly linear corolla-segments G ,
drupe 9"' long.— Hab. Nevis, Antigua!, Wullschl., Dominica!, Imr., S. Vincent!, Guild. ;
Trinidad !, Sieb., Gr.; [Cuba! to Trench islands!; Venezuela!, Brazil].

406

APOCYNE/E.

4. FORESTIERA, Poir.

(Adelia, P. Br., non L.)

Flowers polygamous, in short, axillary, amentaceous racemes. Calyx 4-partite, minute,
deciduous. Petals 0. Stamens 4-2(-l). Style cylindrical: stigma capitate-emarginate.
Drupe 1-seeded by abortion : seeds albuminous. — Shrubs ; leaves simple, variable.

5. F. cassinoides, Poir. ( exclus . syn. P. Br.). Glabrous (or glabrescent) ; leaves
rigid, elliptical-roundish or elliptical-oblong, quite entire, petioled, slightly dotted (or nearly
dotless) beneath ; drupe obliquely oblony, bluntish, longer than the pedicel. — Leaves 2£"-l",
drupe 6"' long, the latter black with bluish bloom. — Hab. Bahamas 1, Hjalmars., Turk
Islands; Jamaica!, Pd., S. Elizabeth, in the Santa Cruz mountains ; [Guadeloupe!].

6. F. porulosa, Poir. Glabrous; leaves leathery, lanceolate-oblong or elliptical, usually
blunt, quite entire, cuneate at the subsessile base, dotted beneath ; drupe obliquely ellip-
soidal, bluntish or subacute, nearly as long as the pedicel.— Br. Jam. t. 36./. 3. Jacq.
Ic. Ra.r. t. 625 : a larger leaved form.- — Adelia, Mich. Borya, IF. Myrica segregata ,Jacq.
Piptolepis phyllyreoides, Benth. ! : I however saw no more than 4 stamens. — Leaves 6"-2"
long, often shining above ; drupe 4"' long, with a bloom. — Hab. Jamaica !, March, common
in the low hills east of Kingston ( P . Br.) ; [Cuba !, Florida, Texas!, Mexico !].

CVIII. JASMINES.

Stamens 2, inserted into the sympetalous, imhricative corolla. Ovary superior, synear-
pous, 2-celled : ovules single (or few) in each cell, ascending. Seeds exalbuminous, or nearly
so, — Shrubs, often climbing ; leaves exstipulate, usually opposite V inflorescence corymbi-
form-cymose.

1*. JASMINUM, L.

Corolla salver-shaped: limb 6-8-partite. Berry didymous. — Leaves compound, or 1-
foliolate with a jointed petiole ; flowers fragrant.

1*. J. officinale, L. Glabrous; leaves opposite, impari-pinnate : leaflets 3-jugal,
ovate, or ovate-lanceolate, terminal acuminate ; cymes lax, few-flowered, terminal and from
the uppermost axils ; calyx-lobes linear ; corolla white : tube exceeding the calyx, lobes oval.
— Hab. Naturalized in Jamaica, Antigua!, Wullschl. ,- [introduced from Asia].

2*. J. gracile, Andr. Glabrous; branches cylindrical, scandeut ; leaves opposite, 1-
foliolate, ovate, pointed ; cymes triehotomous, terminal ; calyx-teeth minute ; corolla white ;
‘tube much longer than the calyx, nearly as long as the oblong lobes. — Jacq. Schcenbr. t. 321.
— J. volubile, Jacq.— Hab. Naturalized in Jamaica!, March-, [introduced from the Pacific
islands] .

GIX. APOCYNE/E.

Stamens 5, inserted into the sympetalous, contorted (rarely valvate) corolla. Ovaries
superior, usually 2, united by the style or ovary of 2 connected carpophylls, 2-1-celled :
placentas usually mauy-ovulate. Seeds mostly albuminous : cotyledons usually foliaceous.
—Leaves entire, usually opposite, often with stipular glands or fringes ; iufloresceuce

cymose. , . . , ^ .

The milky sap is rich in Caoutchouc (prepared in Jamaica from J^chites pcUudosa, -td.),
and it affords drastic medicines (e. g. Allamanda, Rauwolfia). It is said to he not milky,
but is very poisonous in the anomalous genus Strychnos, which on the continent affords the
Curare-poison. The drupe of Thevetia is poisonous too. From Echilcs suberecta starch is
extracted in Jamaica.

Series 1. Rauwolfieae. — Connective not produced below the anther-cells. Seeds devoid
of a coma ( rarely comose).— Corolla, in the West Indian genera, sinistrorscly contorted
(except in Strychnos).

1. STRYCHNOS, L.

Calyx 5 -4-partite. Corolla salver-shaped or rotate: lobes valvate. Stamens inserted

y; /

L

r v / a

L scsy-xt *7 1? t C cw

AP0CYNEJ1. 407

into the corolla-throat : anthers subsessile : connective not produced. Ovary 2-celled :
style filiform, with a thiokish stigma. Berry large : seeds peltate, albuminous. Cotyledons
foliaceous. — Shrubby vines or trees; leaves usually triplinerved ; flowers small , in corymbi-
form cymes.

1. S. trinitensis, Gr. ( n . sp.). Branches bearing woody tendrils : branchlets appressed-
puberulous ; leaves leathery, ovate or elliptical-oblong, with a bluntish point, complicate-
rounded at the base, triplinerved with an accessory suprabasilar pair, and prominent reti-
culated veins, shining-glabrous ; cymes trichotomous, subsessile in the axils : pedicels ter-
nate, short ; calyx-segments 4, lanceolate, pointed ; corolla puberulous : lobes one-tliird as
long as the filiform tube , lanceolate, bluntish, thickly bearded at the base ; anthers exserted ;
stigma emai'ginate-pyriform. — Habit of S. rondeletioides, Spruce. Leaves 4,,-3" long-,
2"-li" broad : petiole 3'", pedicels 1"', calyx f", corolla-tube 3"' long ; style shortly ex-
serted.— Hab. Trinidad !, Cr., at Caura.

2. ALLAMANDA, L.

Calyx 5-partite. Corolla large : tube infundibular, abruptly dilated. Anthers sagittate,
subsessile above the narrow part of the corolla-tube, opposite to 2-partite bearded scales.
Ovary 1-celled : stigma thick, constricted at the middle, with 2 points. Capsule echiuate :
seeds winged. — Shrubs ; branches trailing.

2*. A. cathartica, L. Leaves whorled, elliptical-oblong or oblanceolate, pointleted,
pilose on the midrib beneath ; calyx eglandular : segments oblong-lanceolate, bluntish ; co-
rolla-lobes roundish; disk 5-lobed; “seeds narrowly winged.” — Bot. Mag. t. 4411. — A.
Aubletii, Fold. — Corolla yellow, 3"-4"long : narrow part about 1" long — Hab. Naturalized
and cultivated in Jamaica 1, Al., S. Kitts!, Antigua!, S. Vincent!, Guild.; [Panama! to
Brazil !] .

3. THEVETIA, L.

Calyx 5-partite. Corolla large, infundibular, nai’row at the base. Stow inserted below
the bearded corolla-throat, opposite to its crown-scales : connective mucronate. Ovary 2-
celled : stigma thick, with 2 minute points. Drupe 4-2-seeded, transversely enlarged, incom-
pletely dehiscent. Embryo “ exalbuminous.” — Shrubs; leaves alternate , subsessile.

3. T. neriifolia, Juss. Leaves linear, glabrous ; shining above ; calyx-segments lan-
ceolate-acuminate, about half as long as the cylindrical part of the corolla, which is one-third
as long as its enlarged tube. — Jacq. Amer. Piet. t. 47. 'Fuss. FI. 4. t. 7. Desc. FI. 3.
t. 158. — Cerbera Thevetia, L — Leaves 6"-3", saffron-coloured corolla 3" long — Hab. Ja-
maica !, Pd., on the coast, and cultivated ; Antigua I, Wullschl., S. Vincent !, Guild. ; [Cuba 1
to French islands ! ; Mexico ! to Peru ! and Brazil !].

4. RA1IWOLFIA, L.

Calyx 5-fid or 5-partite. Corolla salver-shaped. Stamens inserted below the corolla-
throat. Ovaries 2, distinct or slightly cohering, few-ovulate, surrounded by an urceolate
disk : stigma indusiate : iudusium often including the 2 points. Drupe didymous by cohe-
sion of the carpids. — Woody plants; leaves whorled, usually of different size in the' whorl ;
flowers small, white, or red.

4. R. nitida, L. Glabrous ; leaves chartaceous, shining above, 4 (-2) in the whorl,
elliptical or lanceolate-oblong, poiuted, tapering iuto the petiole : veins delicate, costate be-
neath ; cymes many-flowered ; calyx v-fid, one-fourth as long as the pedicel, one-third to
one-fourth as long as the cylindrical corolla-tube : lobes rounded-ovate ; corolla bearded at
the throat: lobes half as long as the tube; stigma-points exceeding the indusium ; drupe
emarginatc: carpids semiovoid-roundish. — L. Hi. Clffort.t. 9. — 12' high; leaves variable,
2"-5" long; corolla white: tube 3"'-2'", carpids 4'" long.— Hab. Jamaica!, Mac/., Pd.,
AL, in mountain-woods, Manchester, S. Anns; [Cuba! to S. Barthelemy].

5. R. canescens, L. Pubescent (or glabreseent) ; leaves membranaceous, 4(-3) in the
whorl, elliptical-oblong, pointed, shortly pctiolcd : veins delicate, costate ; cymes few-
flowered ; calyx 5 -fid, half as long as the pedicel and as the cylindrical corolla-tube : lobes

408

APOCYNEiE.

ovate, blunt ; corolla hairy : lobes small, roundish, one-third as long as the tube ; drupe
roundish: carpids connected nearly to the summit. — SI. t. 188. /. 1. t. 211./. 1 ; Jacq.
Amer. Piet. t. 46 ; Peso. Ft. 3. t. 184. — R. tomentosa, Jacq. — 8'— 1 ' high ; leaves 3"-2 ,
corolla-tube 1/" long; flowers white or rosy; drupe 2'" diam. — Hab. Jamaica \, Macf,
common in the savannahs, near Kingston ( P . Br.) ; [Cuba!, Haiti; Venezuela!, New
Granada !].

6. R. Lamarckii, A. DC. Glabrous ; leaves membranaceous, 3-4 in the whorl, ellip-
tical-oblong or elliptical, pointed, shortly petioled : veins coslate, secondary ones reticulate ;
cymes few-many-llowered ; calyx 'b-fid, one-third to one-fourth as long as the constricted
corolla-tube: lobes deltoid, pointed ; corolla glabrous : lobes ovate-oblong, half as long as
the tube; drupe roundish, retuse-truncate, broader than long. — Lara. 111. t. 172. f. 1. —
R. nitida, Lam. R. lanceolata, PI. Carib. {an A. DC. ?). R. latifolia, A. DC. — Leaves
2"-6", corolla-tube 2"' long; drupe 3'" long; 4"' broad. — Hab. Antigua!, Wullschl., Do-
minica !, Jmr., S. Vincent !, Guild. ; Trinidad (Sieb.) ; [Cuba ! to French islands !, on the
calcareous seashore ; Ecuador],

7. R. biauriculata, J. Mull. Glabrous ; leaves cliartaceous, 3 (-4) in the whorl,
elliptical-oblong or lanceolate-oblong, pointleted with a bluntish point, petioled : veins incon-
spicuous ; cymes long-peduncled, nearly equalling the leaves : pedicels about as long as the
flower ; calyx b-parlite, one-third as long as the subcyliudrical corolla-tube : segments ovate-
lanceolate, acuminate ; corolla-lobes cordate-oblong, little shorter than the tube, callous at
the basilar auricles ; drupe ellipsoidal : carpids connected nearly to the summit. — Leaves
5"-2", petioles 6"'-2'", corolla-tube 3"', lobes 2"', drupe 6'" long— Hab. Dominica!, Imr.;
Trinidad (/. Mull.) ; [Haiti].

8. R. termfolia, Klh. Branchlets puberulous; leaves membranaceous, 3-4 in the
whorl, ovate-lanceolate, shortly acuminate, puberulous on the midrib beneath, shortly pe-
tioled, arch-veined: veins delicate; cymes few-flowered; calyx b-fid, one-third to one-fifth
as long as the constricted corolla-tube: lobes deltoid-pointed ; corolla-lobes minute, one-
third to one-fourth as long as the tube ; drupe roundish, retuse-truncate. — Bol. Mag. t. 2440 :
a larger-leaved form. — R. parvifolia, Spi'eng. — Leaves 2^—1^, corolla-tube 1 i long, drupe
3'" diam. — Hab. Trinidad !, Pd., in woods ; [Venezuela, Guiana !, Brazil !].

9. R. Alphonsiana, J. Miill. Branchlets puberulous ; leaves small, membranaceous,
3 in the whorl, ovate-lanceolate, glabrous, shortly petioled: veins delicate; cymes few-
llowered; calyx 5- partite , about half as long as the constricted corolla-tube : segments subu-
late-acuminate ; corolla-lobes oblong, about half as long as the tube. — R. parvifolia, v dr.
cubana, A. DC. — Leaves 8"'-15'", corolla-tube lV" long.— Hab. Trinidad!, Cr. ; [Cuba!].

5. VALLESIA, R. P.

Calyx 5-fid. Corolla of RauwoJfia. Anthers subsessile at the campanulate upper part
of the corolla-tube. Ovaries 2, few-ovulate, destitute of an urceolate disk : stigma indusiatc,
with 2 exserted points. Berries 2, distinct, or solitary by abortion, 2-15-seeded: endocarp
leathery. Cotyledons linear-oblong.— Shrubs ; leaves alternate, stipulate ; cymes opposite
to the leaves : flowers small, white.

10 V. glabra, Cav. Leaves leathery, glabrate, shining, oblong or oblong-lanceolate,
pointed • corolla-lobes oblong, one-third as long as the tube ; berries spatlmlate-cyUndncai,
curved-diverging. — Cav. Ic. 3. t. 297; R. P- FI. Peruv. t. 151 B.—V. dichotomy, R. P.-
Evergreen; leaves 2"-l" long, petioled ; calyx V" long: lobes deltoid, pointed ; corolla-
tube 2/" narrow, slightly enlarged above the middle, internally puberulous above the ovate-
lanceolate anthers ; berries 5"' long, 1'" diam.— Hab. Bahama! A Swains. ; [range follow-
ing dry climates : Key West ! ; Cuba !, Mexico ! upwards to 5000 , Ecuador !, Tucumnn ! ;
Galapagos !].

C. TABERNiEMONTANA, L.

Calyx 5 -partite or 5-fid, glandular within. Corolla salver-shaped: tube usually enlarged
at the insertion-line of the stamens. Anthers sagittate, acuminate. Ovaries 2 : stigma
supported by an annular indnsium. Policies broad, often pulpy : seeds grooved.— Shrubs or
trees mostly glabrous; leaves opposite: veins costale; tlowers flagrant, while, or yellow.

AP0CYNE2E.

40<J

Sect. 1. Bonafousia, A. DC. — Follicles smooth.

11. T. undulata, V. Leaves oblong, undulate, pointleted, tapering into the short petiole :
veins straightish, connected near the margin ; cymes few-flowered : peduncle as long as the
petiole; calyx 5-partite : segments oval-oblong, blunt; corolla yellow : lobes linear-oblong,
about half as long as the subcylindrical tube : stamens inserted above its middle ; ovaries
surrounded by an urceulate disk ; stigma 2-mucronate ; follicles “ incurved.” — Vahl, Ic. t. 6. —
Bonafousia, A. DC. — A tree; leaves 6"-4", calyx 2"', corolla-tube 12'" long. — Hab. S. Vin-
cent!, Guild., perhaps cultivated ; Trinidad !, Cr., Lockh., Pd., in woods and ravines ; [Guiana!].

12. T. laurifolia, L. Leaves oval-oblong or oval, blunt at both ends, petioled : veins
arched; cymes contracted : peduncle about as long as the petiole ; calyx 5-partite: segments
roundish; corolla yellow ; limb subglobose in the bud, lobes linear-oblong, shorter than the
tube, tube cylindrical with a campanulate summit ; disk obsolete ; stigma 5 -angular : indu-
sium broad. — SI. t. 186./. 2.— A shrub; leaves 8"-4", calyx 1'", corolla-tube 8'" long. —
Hab. Jamaica!, Mac/., Pd., List., in woods; Trinidad!; [Haiti],

13. T. citrifolia, Jac.q. Leaves oblong or obovate-lanceolate, pointleted, or with a
blnntish point , taperiug into the petiole, veins distant, arched; cymes short : peduncle about
as long as the petiole ; calyx 5-partite .- segments ovate, bluntish ; corolla “ white : ” limb
ovate, pointed in the bud, lobes obliquely spathulate, about as long as the tube, tube sub-
cylindrical with a campanulate summit ; anthers with their points exserted ; disk obsolete ;
stigma 5-angular: indusium broad ; follicles ovate or oblong-cylindrical, incurved, pointed,
costate. — Jacq. Amer. Piet. t. 40 ; I) esc. FI. 1. 1. 9. — T. alba, Nich. — A large shrub ; leaves
7"-4", calyx 1'", corolla-tube 4"' long. — IIab. Jamaica!, Wits., common; Antigua, Wall schl.,
Dominica !, Imr., S. Vincent !, Guild. ; Trinidad !, Pd., Sch., Cr., in woods ; [Cuba ! to
French islands ! ; Mexico].

14. T. discolor, Sw. 1 Leaves elliptical- oblong, pointed at both ends, petioled: veins

distant, arched; cymes few-flowered, subsessile ; calyx 5-partite : segments ovate, bluntish;
corolla “yellowish:” limb ovate, pointed in the bud, lobes obliquely obovate, half as long
as the subcylindrical tube: stamens inserted into its middle. — T. citrifolia, Mill. ap. I/un.
— A shrub; leaves 3", calyx 1'", corolla-tube long. — IFab. Jamaica !, Sw. ; [Cuba!].

15. T. ’Wullschlsegelii, Gr. (n. sp.). Leaves oblong or lanceolate-oblong, with a
bluntish point, shortly tapering into the petiole : veins distant, arched, petioles united by the
stipular sheath; cymes many -flowered, subsessile; calyx 5-partite: segments roundish;
corolla-limb ovate, bluntish in the bud, lobes obliquely ovate-oblong, little shorter than the
tube, tube cylindrical at the base, campanulate-tubular from the middle : stamens inserted
into its middle, equalling the upper part ; disk none ; stigma 5-angular : indusium broad,
5-^Iobose. — A tortuous shrub : branches subtetragonal : bark densely marked by annular
scars ; leaves 5"-2" long, 1 8"'-9'" broad : petiole 8"'-3"' long, shortly exceeded by the
cymes ; calyx f"', corolla-tube 4'", subsessile anthers 2'" long, the latter opposite to longitu-
dinal plaits of the corolla-tube, exceeding the thick, subtruncate stigma. — Hab. Jamaica!,
Wullschl., Manchester, at Fairfield.

16. T. psychotriifolia, Kth. Leaves oblong, undulating, blnntish, shortly tapering
into the petiole : veius distant, straightish, connected near the margin ; cymes many-flowered,
subsessile ; calyx 5-partite : segments ovate or ovate-lanceolate, recurved at the bluntish
point; corolla-limb ovate, bluntish in the bud, lobes obliquely obovate or obovate-oblong,
undulate , as long as the tube, tube cylindrical above the dilated base : stamens inserted
above Us base, included— A large tree, 60'-80' high; leaves resembling T. undulata, 8"-4"
long, 4"-2" broad : petiole 1", calyx 1'", corolla-tube 4'" long : its "lobes hairy near the
throat; flowers “white” {Kth.).— Hab. Trinidad!, Cr. ; [Venezuela],

7. CONDYLOCARPUM, Dcsf.

Calyx p -partite. Corolla small, salver-shaped: tube pubescent within below the stamens,
lobes obliquely produced into an appendage on the right side. Stamens inserted into the
corolla-tube. Ovaries 2, distinct or slightly cohering : stigma capitate. Carpids lomenta-
ccous: parts corky, 1 -seeded : seeds deeply grooved on the placental side. Cotyledons oblong-
linear. V ines ; cymes peduncled, corymbiform, many-Jlowered : their branches 3-5(-6)-«aft'.

17. C. intermedium, J. Mull. Glabrous; leaves elliptical, shortly pointleted, long-

410

AROCYNEfE.

petioled ; cymes lax, terminal ; calyx S])reading, half as long as the corolla-tube ; lomentum-
parts ovoid, fiattish-convex : seeds slightly transversly rugose. — Leaves &b"-2b", petiole
8"'-4w, cymes 1'', corolla-tube 1"', lobes 1"' long ; flowers yellowish; lomentum 4-2(-6)-
jointed : parts 10'"-8"', narrow joints V'-i1", seeds 6"' long. — Hab. Trinidad !, Or., on
the seacoast at Irais ; [Guiana, Brazil],

8. CAMERAllIA, L.

Calyx 5-fid. Corolla salver-shaped : tube subcylindrical. Stamens inserted into the
slightly enlarged upper part of the corolla-tube : anthers subsessile : connective produced at
the summit into a long, setaceous appendage. Ovaries 2 : style filiform : stigma indusiate,
2-partite into conical segments. Samara with the wing terminal, elongated, abruptly dilated
at the base and lining the carpid. — Glabrous trees or shrubs ; leaves membranaceous, petioled;
cymes terminal, few-flowered : flowers white.

18. C. latifolia, L. Leaves elliptical, pointleted: veins costate, approximate, con-
nected by a continuous, juxtamarginal arch. — Jacq. Amer. Piet. t. 39. — A large tree; leaves
] calyx 1'", corolla-tube 4"', lobes about 4'", samara 2", its carpid 8"' long; anthers ob-
long, as long as their appendage. — Hab. Jamaica {Jacq.) ; [Cuba !, Haiti].

19. C. angustifolia, L. {exclus. syn. Plum.). Leaves lanceolate or oblong-linear,
blunt, emarginate at the top, shortly petioled : veins delicate, in a lax netviorlc. — If Plunder's
figure {Ed. Burnt. 1. 12. f. 2, possibly no congener) refers to another narrow-leaved Cameraria,
this may be named C. retusa. — A shrub 8' high {Mill.) ; leaves 12,,/ — 10,'/ long, 4:"'— 2"' broad ;
calyx 1"', corolla-tube 4"', lobes 2'" long ; anthers oval, somewhat shorter than their flexuose
appendage. — Hab. West Indies!, Lane ; Jamaica {Mill.).

9. ANECHITES, Gr.

Calyx 5-partite. Corolla salver-shaped : tube subcylindrical. Stamens inserted into the
middle of the corolla-tube : anthers oblong : connective produced at the summit into a short,
setaceous appendage. Bisk cuphliform, shortly 5-lobed, including the two ovaries : stigma
indusiate with a large ring, pubescent, 2-partite into oblong, blunt segments. Follicles sub-
cylindrical, many-seeded : seeds “with a terminal coma.” — A scabrous vine; leaves petioled,
opposite, but single at the origin of the cymes; cymes racemiform, pedimcled, opposite to
the leaves : pedicels geminate : flowers white.

This plant, presenting the habit and fruit of Ecliites, from which it is distinguished by the
anthers polliniferous to their base, may be regarded as a link between Echiteee and such
genera as Neriandra or Cameraria : to the latter it approaches by the structure of the an-
thers, the stigma, and the sinistrorsely contorted corolla-lobes.

20. A. asperuginis, Gr. — Echite3, Sw. ! — Hispidulous ; leaves 3^—2 loug, ovate-ob-
long cuspidate, arch-veined, membranaceous ; racemes l"-4" loug, lax ; calyx eglandular,
IV",’ corolla-tube 3"', lobes 3"' long; anthers included, thrice as long as the filaments and
the terminal mucro ; follicles hispid, linear. — Hab. Jamaica!, Sw., II i/s., in diy pastures
near Bath ; [Cuba !, Haiti].

10. VINCA, L.

Cah/x 5-partite. Corolla salver-shaped, callous at the pubescent, narrow throat. Stamens
inserted into the upper part of the corolla-tube. Ovaries 2, slightly cohering, alternating
with 2 disk-glands : stigma indusiate. Follicles compressed-cylindrical, many-seeded.—
Sulfruticose herbs ; flowers axillary.

21. V. rosea, L. Erect, puberulous ; leaves spathulate-oblong ; flowers geminate, sub-
sessile, rosy {or white) ; calyx-segments lanceolate-acuminate, much shorter than the fili-
form corolla-tube; disk-glands oblong, exceeding the ovaries. Flowering in the first year ;
corolla-tube 1" long, somewhat longer Ilian the lobes. — Hab. Jamaica!, M Lab, a weed;
S. Kitts!, Els., Antigua!, Wullschl. ; [Cuba! and Mexico! to Brazil!; trop. Africa! and

Asia 1 to China 1]

11. PLUMIERIA, L.

Calyx broadly 5-lobed or subentire. Corolla large, perigynous, salver-shaped or iufundi-

APOCYNEiE.

411

bular : tube narrow, often oblique. Stamens inserted into tbe lower part of the corolla-tube.
Ovaries 2, free or slightly adhering to the narrow calyx-tube : style short : stigma 2-par -
tite. Follicles compressed ; seeds compressed, winged, with the wing usually terminal, ex-
albuminous or “ with a thin albumen cotyledons broad. — Trees or shrubs; leaves alter-
nate: veins costate, connected by a juxtamarginal arch ; cymes terminal: flowers usually
fragrant, variable in size.

22*. P. rubra, L. Leaves oblong or obovate-oblong, pointed, glabrous, petioled: pe-
tiole 2-glandular at the base ; cymes pubescent (or glabrescent), spreading, jointed ; calyx-
lobes subtruncate ; corolla-lobes broadly oval , longer than the tube ; stamens inserted near
its base.— SI. i. 185, 186. /. 1. Catesb. Carol. 2. t. 92. Tuss. FI, 3. t. 20. Besc. FI.
4. t. 297. — A low tree or shrub ; leaves 8 "-5", corolla-lobes 1 1 i" long ; flowers preco-
cious, red. — Hab. Naturalized in Jamaica!, A l,, S. Kitts!, Barbadoes ; [introduced from
the continent : Mexico to Guiana !, Ecuador!].

23. P. Tenorii, Gasparr. Leaves large, oblong, mucronulate-blunt, glabrous, petioled :
petiole long, eglandular ; cymes glabrous, contracted, long-peduncled ; calyx-lobes roundish ;
corolla-lobes obovate-oblong or obovate, twice as long as the tube : stamens inserted near
its base. — P. bicolor, Seem. Panam. ( non R. Br.). — Leaves 12"-10", peduncles about 6",
corolla-lobes 10"r— 12"' long. — Hab. Jamaica !, March (who does not mention whether it be
naturalized : but no other locality is as yet known).

24. P. obtusa, L. Leaves spathulate-oblong, oblong, or oblong-linear, rounded or mu-
cronate at the top, glabrous, petioled : veins obliquely transverse, connected by an immersed
network ; cymes glabrous, contracted, long-peduncled ; calyx-lobes rounded or mucronulate-
truncate ; corolla-lobes spathulate-linear or oblong -linear, usually longer than the tube :
stamens inserted below its middle. — Catesb. Carol. 2. t. 93. — A variable tree or shrub ;
leaves 8"-3", corolla-lobes 10",-12"' (6"'-18"') long; flowers white.— Hab. Bahamas !,
Swains. ; Jamaica !, March, Wullschl. ; [Cuba 1],

25. P. alba, L. Leaves oblong-linear or linear, rounded or acuminate at the top, revo-
lute at the margin, tomentose (or glabrous) beneath, petioled : veins rectangular-transverse,
connected by a network, which is prominent beneath ; cymes spreading, long-peduncled ;
calyx-lobes broadly rounded ; corolla-lobes obovate, longer than or as long as the tube;
stamens inserted above its base. — Plum. Fid. Burm. t. 231 : the narrow-leaved form. Jacq.
Amer. Piet. t. 31 : the broader- leaved form. Besc. FI. 3. t. 178. — P. hypoleuca, Gasparr.
— A low tree ; leaves valuable ; corolla white : lobes 1 2'"— 8"' long. — Hab. Antigua 1, Finl.,
Wullschl., on maritime rocks ; [Cuba! to French islands !].

11. ASPIDOSPERMA, Mart.

Calyx 5-partite. Corolla small, salver-shaped. Stamens inserted into the upper part of
the corolla-tube. Ovanes 2 : stigma thickened at the base, 2-fid. Follicles compressed :
seeds falcate, compressed, winged, exalbuminous. — Trees ; leaves alternate ; cymes many-
Jlowered, terminal.

26. A. sessiliflorum, .7. Mull. ! Glabrous ; leaves chartaceous, oblong or lanceolate-
oblong, blunt, reticulated-archveined, shortly petioled ; cymes contracted-racemiform :
flowers glomerate, shortly pedicellate ; corolla-tube twice as long as the calyx, thrice as long
as the ovate bluntish lobes; follicles semiovoid, 3-nerved, tubercled : seeds oblong : cell as
long as the terminal wing. — Leaves shining above, undulate, 4"-2", flowers 2"', follicles 14'"
long.— IIab. S. Vincent !, Guild. ; Trinidad !, Sieb. Tr. 53, Cr., at La Ventilla.

Series 2. Echiteoe. — Connective enlarged, produced below the anther-cells. Seeds with a
terminal coma, (i rarely devoid of it). — Leaves opposite (or whorled). Calyx 5-partite.
Ovaries 2 : stigma indusiate. Follicles elongated.

12. MALOUETIA, A. DC.

Corolla salver-shaped, with minute scales at the throat : lobes dextrorsely contorted.
Stamens inserted near the corolla-throat : anthers connivent-coheriug : connective hastnte

2 k

412

AP0CYNE7E.

below the cells. Disk urceolate or glandular. Follicles cylindrical : seeds cylindrical,
often hairy, devoid of a terminal coma.— Glabrous shrubs; cymes umbellifortn.

27- M. retroflexa, J. Mull. Leaves ovate-oblong, poiutleted; cymes few-flowered:
pedicels much longer than the petioles ; calyx-segments linear , acuminate, recurved ; corolla-
tube tapering above, as long as the linear lobes ; anthers shortly exserted; disk 5-glandular.
Habit of Taberncemontana ; leaves 4"-5", calyx IV", corolla-tube 4"' long. — Hab. S. Vin-
cent !, Guild.

13. PORSTERONIA, Mey.

Corolla rotate, naked : segments equilateral, sinistrorsely contorted. Stamens inserted
into the corolla-tube : anthers exserted, connivent, adhering at the middle to the stigma,
connective hastate below the cells. Disk 5-glandular. Follicles cylindrical : seeds with a
terminal coma.- — Climbing or trailing glabrous shrubs ; leaves leathery, petioled : cymes
terminal, corymbiform.

J. Muller’s character of a dextrorsely contorted corolla does not agree with our genus,
comprising Meyer’s original species : hence on the difference of the aestivation (verified in
several Brazilian and one West Indian species) and on some minor points, Thyrsanthus,
Benth., which he had reduced to Forsteronia, may he restored.

28. F. corymbosa, Mey. Leaves elliptical, mucronate or blunt; corolla crimson,
puberulous at the throat : segments thrice as long as the tube ; stamens inserted into the
middle of the corolla-tube ; anthers thrice as long as the filaments, wholly exserted ; disk-
glands short. — Jacq.Amer. Piet. t. 37. — Echites, Jacq. — A climber; leaves 2”-l V' , corolla-
segments S'", seeds 4'" long: their coma rusty. — Hab. Jamaica!, Wils. ; [Cuba I to
Guiana !].

29. F. Alexandri, Gr. (n. sp). Leaves elliptical-oblong, bluntish; corolla whitish,
bearded at the throat : lobes half as long again as the cylindrical tube ; stamens inserted
into the middle of the corolla-tube : anthers four times as long as the filaments, half-ex-
serted ; disk-glands ovoid, as long as the ovaries. — A climber ; leaves 2\"-2" long ; cymes
sessile, as in the preceding; calyx V" long, internally with minute glands at the base : seg-
ments lanceolate, bluntish ; corolla-lobes 2"' long; anthers narrow ; follicles 8"-10"long:
seeds linear, puberulous, 5"' long : coma pale-rusty.— Hab. Jamaica!, Al., Pd., on trees,
S. Thomas i. V. ; [Cuba !].

30. F. floribunda, G. Don ( non J. Mull). Leaves oblong, bluntly mucronate ; co-
rolla whitish, glabrescent at the throat : segments thrice as long as the campanulale tube ;
stamens inserted near the base of the corolla ; anthers twice as long as the filaments, ex-
serted above their base ; disk-glands subglobose, short. — Echites, Sw. /■ A trailing shrub
(Sui.) ; leaves S"-2", corolla-segments 2'", seeds 5"' long, the latter fusiform with a pale-
rusty coma. — Hab. Jamaica !, Sw., March, among mountain-shrubs.

14. THYRSANTIIUS, Benth.

(Forsteronia, J. Mull.)

Corolla infundibular or rotate, naked : lobes equilateral, dextrorsely contorted. Stamens
inserted near the corolla-hase : anthers connivent, cohering at the middle to the stigma, ob-
long : connective truncate-cordate below the cells. Disk 5-glandular. Follicles cylindri-
cal: seeds with a terminal coma. — Shrubby climbers; flowers small, paniculate: panicle
usually terminal, thyrsoid or contracted.

31. T. Wilsonii, Gr. (n. sp). Glabrescent; leaves opposite, membranaceous, elliptical,
pointletcd, archveined, shortly petioled : secondary veins transverse ; panicle puberulous,
shortly ovate-thyrsoid : flowers glomerate, bractcolate ; calyx-segments lanceolate-acuminate ;
corolla infundibular : lobes oblong, nearly ns long ns the tube ; anthers included, membrana-
ceous at the top, much longer than the filament. — Allied to T. brasiliensis (1 orstcroma,
A. DC). — A “very fragrant, trailing” shrub ; leaves &"-2", panicle about 1" long; flowers
small, numberless; connective cordate at the base; stigma fusiform, 2-fid at the top. Hab.
Jamaica !, Wils., Pd., Manchester, on trees.

APOCYNEiE.

<113

15. ITiEM A D I CT YO N, Lindl.

Corolla salver-shaped, produced into an annular plait at the throat : tube cylindrical :
lobes oblique, dextrorsely contorted. Stamens inserted into the corolla-tube : anthers
connivent, adhering at the middle to the stigma : connective hastate below the cells.
Bisk 5-glandular. Follicles linear : seeds with a terminal coma. — Shrubby climbers : flowers
cymose : pedicels geminate ; calyx bearing scales on the inside.

32. H. venosum, Lindl. Glabrescent ; leaves ovate-oblong, cuspidate, archveined :
primary veins distant : cymes axillary, few-flowered-racemiform : pedicels longer than the
recurved short calyx ; corolla devoid of appendages : lobes obliquely oblong, half as long as
the tube ; anthers included. — Jacq. Amer. Piet. t. 32. Bot. Mag. t. 2473. Puss. 1. FI. 1. 11 :
the calyx too large. — Echites quinquangularis, Jacq. E. sanguinolenla, 'Puss. H. nutans,
A. DC. (Echites, Anders.). — Leaves 4"-5", calyx 1"', corolla-tube 8'" long; pedicels re-
curved; flowers greenish-yellow. — Hab. Dominica!, Imr., S. Vincent; Trinidad!, Cr. ;
[Haiti; New Granada].

16. ECHITES, L.

Corolla salver-shaped, naked : tube usually enlarged at the included stamens : lobes ob-
lique, dextrorsely contorted. Anthers connivent, adhering at the middle to the stigma.
Disk 5-glandular or 5-lobed, rarely subentire. Follicles linear or torulose: seeds with a
terminal coma. — Shrubs, rarely herbs, usually climbing ; cymes axillary , usually corymbi-
form : pedicels often geminate.

Sect. 1. Euechites, A. DC. emend. — Corolla-tube sub cylindrical. Coma sessile at the top

of the seed ; radicle slender , as long as the narrow cotyledons. — Climbers, rarely trailing,

or erect shrubs.

This section comprises Echites, Mesechites, and Amblyanthera of J. Mull. : the form of
the anthers is more diversified than he admits, and the embryo, which he did not know in
the two latter of his genera, has in F. trifida a slender radicle, and agrees nearly with his
Echites : only the oblong-linear cotyledons are less foliaceous, and similar to those of Rhab-
dadenia, but flattish. In E. neriandra the cotyledons are linear and involute at the mar-
gin : this, though anomalous by the appendages of its anthers, belongs to Urechites, which,
as well as Rhabdadenia (or Lauberlia, A. DC.), has excellent characters in the seed, but,
when in flower, i3 not to be distinguished from Echites.

* Anthers oblong, blunt, with an inflex ed macro, 2-corniculate at the base.

33. E. torosa , Jacq. Glabrous; leaves ovate-lanceolate, acuminate; cymes corymbi-
form : pedicels few, geminate ; calyx -segments glandular, devoid of an interior scale, ovate-
lanceolate, acuminate, one-fourth as long as the corolla-tube ; corolla yellow : tube cylin-
drical, abruptly enlarged from the middle, half as long again as the lobes ; anthers oblong,
blunt, vnth two narrow basilar appendages, glabrous; follicles “torulose.” — Jacq. Amer.
Piet. t. 34. — Amblyanthera, J. Mull. E. torulosa, Jacq., Sw. Obs. — Leaves 2", calyx 1 f",
corolla-tube 6'", lobes 4"' long. — IIab. Jamaica !, M‘Nab, Pd., in mountain-woods, Man-
chester, Liguanea {Jacq.).

** Anthers oblong , blunt, with an inflexed mucro, cordate or subcordate at the base.

34. E. trifida, Jacq. Glabrous ; leaves ovate-oblong or oblong-lanceolate, mucronatc ;
cymes axillary, contracted, exceeded by the leaves : pedicels approximate in pairs (or trun-
cate) ; calyx-segments ovate, blunt, furnished with an interior scale, one-sixth as long as
the corolla-tube; corolla greenish: tube cylindrical, abruptly enlarged above the middle,
twice as long as the obovate lobes ; anthers oblong-lanceolate, blunlish, subcordate at the
base, glabrous; follicles cylindrical. — Jacq Amer Piet. t. 31. — Mesechites, J. Mull. —
Leaves 4"- 2", calyx 2"', corolla-tube 12'", follicles 12", seeds 8'" long : coma rusty — IIab.
Trinidad (Sieb.) ; [Panama 1 to Guiana 1 and equat. Brazil].

35. E. subsagittata, R. P. Pubescent or glabrate ; leaves oblong or oblong-lanceo-
late, mucronatc-ucute, minutely cordate nt the base ; cymes racemilorm, equalling (he leaves:
inferior pedicels solitary ; calyx-segments subulate, furnished with an interior scale, one-

2 e 2

414

AP0CYNE7E.

sixth as long as the corolla-tube ; corolla orange-coloured : tube cylindrical, slightly enlarged
from the middle, twice as long as the lobes ; anthers oblong , blunt, mucronate, cordate at
the base, glabrous; follicles torulose.— E. hirtella, Kth. in PI. Schiede ! E. microcalyx,
A. PC. ! (Amblyanthora, J. Mull.). — Leaves 2"-l',(-3"), calyx 1J'", corolla-tube 9W-12,,/
long. — Hab. Trinidad !, Lockh., Pd., Sieb. Tr. 92, ou dry banks and in hedges ; [Mexico!
to Venezuela and Peru !].

*** Anthers rigid, tapering from the hastate or cordate base-, point acuminate.

36. E. Brownei, J. Mull. Glabrous ; leaves small, ovate or oblong-lanceolate, pointed ;
cymes corymbiform : pedicels few, inferior single ; calyx-segments glandular, devoid of an
interior scale, lanceolate-linear, recurved, one-third as long as the corolla-tube ; corolla-
tube cylindrical, slightly enlarged at the middle, scarcely longer than the obliquely appendi-
culate lobes ; anthers small, acuminate from the cordate base, glabrous ; follicles linear,
torulose. — Br. Jam. t. 16. f. 2. — E. torulosa, L. ( exclus . syn. Jacq.). — Leaves l"-2”, calyx
H'", corolla-tube 4"', seeds 4'" long : coma white. — Hab. Jamaica !, all coll, in arid places ;
[Haiti ! ; Venezuela!].

37- E. repens, Jacq. Glabrous, trailing or prostrate; leaves lanceolate or oblong-
lanceolate, acuminate, simply arch- veined : arches juxtamarginal ; cymes few-flowered : pe-
dicels geminate ; calyx-segments glaudular, devoid of an interior scale, ovate-lanceolate,
pointed, one-eighth to one-tenth as long as the corolla-tube ; corolla rosy : tube cylindrical,
abruptly enlarged above the middle, twice to thrice as long as the obversely deltoid lobes ;
anthers rigid, acuminate from the hastate base, glabrous ; follicles “ torulose.” — Jacq.
Amer. Piet. t. 35. Peso. Ft. 3. i. 192. — Leaves l"-3", calyx 1"', corolla-tube 9'" long. —
Hab. Jamaica!, M‘Nab ; [Haiti!].

38. E. circinalis, Sw. ( non J. Mull.). Glabrous; leaves elliptical-oblong, bluntly
pointleted : veins costate, prominent beneath ; cymes many-flowered, corymbiform ; calyx-
segments glandular, devoid of an intenor scale, ovate, bluntish, one-fourth as long as the
corolla-tube ; corolla white: tube cylindrical, abruptly enlarged near the summit, twice as
long as the oblong undulate lobes ; anthers acuminate from the hastate base, glabrous. — E.
adglutinata, Jacq. ( Amer . Piet. t. 30), of which it is perhaps a variety, has mucronate blunt
leaves, and longer corolla-lobes.— Leaves 6"-3", calyx V", corolla-tube 4'" long. — Hab. S.
Vincent!, Guild.; [Haiti!].

39. E. umbellata, Jacq. Glabrous; leaves ovate or ovate-roundish, mucronate, rcti-
culated-archveined : arches juxtamarginal ; cymes axillary , umbelliform, peduncled; calyx-
segments glandular, devoid of an intenor scale, subulate, one-eighth to one-twelfth as long as
the corolla-tube; corolla greenish-white : tube cylindrical, enlarged below the middle, ta-
pering again above, thrice as loug as the stamens and 3-4 times as long as the obliquely
obovate lobes; disk 5-lobed; anthers rigid, acuminate from the hastate base, glabrous :
appendages and point somewhat bluntish; follicles compressed-cylindrical. — Jacq. Amer.
Piet. t. 29. SI. t. 131./. 2. Catesb. Carol. 1. t. 58 inf. — Leaves 4'.'-l£", calyx If", co-
rolla-tube 14"'-18'", follicles 6" long. — Had. Bahamas [Catesb.) ; Jamaica !, Macfl, Wull-
schl., March ; [Cuba !, Haiti !, Portorico !].

Sect. 2. Synechites. — Corolla-tube infundibular above a cylindrical base, hispid within
below the stamens. Anthers oblong, bluntish, cordate at the base. Follicles “ united
at the summit before expansion ” ( Benth.J : seeds of Eucchites. — Climbers ; cymes spici-
form.

40. E. symphytocarpa, Meg. I Branches pubescent ; leaves oblong, mucronate, cor-
date with a narrow sinus at the base, pubescent beneath or nearly glabrous, archveined ;
pedicels alternate, exceeded by the lanceolate bract ; calyx-segments furnished with a short
interior scale, subulate, much shorter thnn the narrow part of the corolla; corolla yellow :
tube enlarged from or above the middle ; anthers cordate, oblong, glabrous ; follicles toru-
lose.— E. brachystachya et rugosa, Benth. E. versicolor (Amblyanthera, J. Mil//.) E.
tenuicanlis, Stadelm. — Allied to E. tomentosa, V. (Ic. t. 4. : syn. E. lasiocarpa, Stadelra.,
Seem. Panam. I), which has a much longer calyx. Very variable in the down, the form of
the leaves, and the size of tlfc flowers. Leaves 5"-2'7, calyx If", corolla-tube li"-2" long.—
Hab. Trinidad I, Pd., Cr., at Irais; [Guiana! to Brazil!].

AP0CYNE2E.

415

Sect. 3. Laubertia, A. DC. (Rhabdadenia, J. Mill.).— Corolla -lube campanula te above its
cylindrical base , hispid within beloio the stamens . Seeds terminated with a long ea/c,
which is longitudinally comose doion. to the base. Cotyledons half -cylindrical, neatly
as long as the slender radicle. — Climbers or trailing shrubs.

41. E. biflora, Jacq. Glabrous; leaves oval or obovate-oblong, blunt, mucronulate :
veins delicate, costate ; cymes peduncled, 2(-3-l)-flowered ; calyx-segments eglandular, de-
void of an interior scale, ovate, pointed, one-eigbtb to one-fifth as long as the narrow part of
the corolla-tube ; corolla white : campanulate part of its tube nearly as long as the cylin-
drical base and as the broad lobes ; anthers oblong -lanceolate, bluntish, rounded cordate at
the base, hirsute on the back above; follicles “cylindrical.” — Jacq. Amer. Diet. t. 28.-—
Rhabdadenia, J. Mull. — A high trailing shrub ; leaves 2i"-14", calyx 1 '"-If", corolla-tube
1£" long. — Hab. Caribbean Islands 1, in mangrove-woods; Trinidad!, Or.; [Venezuela,
Guiana ! to Brazil].

42. E. paludosa, V. Glabrous; leaves oblong, oval-oblong, or lanceolate-oblong,

rounded towards the mucronate top : veins delicate, costate ; cymes long-peduncled, few-
flowered ; calyx-segments glandular at the base, devoid of au interior scale, oblong, mucro-
nate-blunt, spreading , one-half to one-fourth as long as the narrow part of the corolla-tube :
upper part of the latter obconical, nearly as long as the cylindrical base and as the broad
lobes ; anthers oblong-lanceolate, acuminate, rounded-cordate at the base, hirsute on the
back above ; follicles cylindrical, substriate : seeds very long.- — Vahl, Ic. t. 5. — E. Ehren-
bergii, Schlecht. (Rhabdadenia, J. Mull). E. concolor, Ham. — Leaves calyx 3'"— 4s1",

corolla-tube l,]", anthers 2"', follicles 3''-4", seeds 1", their white coma 20"' long. — Hab.
Bahamas !, Swains.; Jamaica 1, List., Pd., March, in marshy ground, Manchester ; [Cuba 1,
Haiti 1 ; Panama !].

43. E. Sagrsei, A. DC. Branches pubescent, glabrate ; leaves small, oval or oval-
oblong, blunt, mucronulate, rounded or subcordate at the base, shortly petioled; cymes pe-
duncled, shortly racemiform or few-flowered ; calyx-segments glandular, devoid of an interior
scale, subulate, one-third to one-fourth as long as the shortly cylindrical corolla-base, which is
half as long as its campanula'.e part, the latter as long as the broad lobes ; anthers oblong-
lanceolate, bluntish, 2-corniculate at the base with narrow appendages, hirsute on the back
above; follicles “cylindrical.” — Rhabdadenia, J. Mull. E. ferruginea, Rich. — Leaves 12"'-6'",
calyx 1"', corolla-tube about 8"' long ; disk 5-crenate, including the ovaries. — Hab. Ba-
hamas !, Swains. ; [Cuba !].

Sect. 4. Ubechites, J. Mull. — Corolla-tube campanulate above its cylindrical base. An-
thers corneous, hastate, with narrow, bluntish, rigid auricles, acuminate from the base,
confined to the lower part of the campanulate portion of the corolla, or with a long,
membranaceous, terminal appendage. Seeds loosely involute within an acuminate pla-
centary scale, terminated by a long filiform bealc, which is naked below and longitudi-
nally comose above. Cotyledons linear, involute at the margin, as long as the slender
radicle. — Climbers or trailing shrubs ; petioles joiuted near or at the base.

44. E. neriandra, Gr. Climbing, pubescent ; leaves obovate-oblong, oval or oval-
oblong, blunt or bluntish, often mucronate ; cymes corymbiform, few-flowered ; calyx-seg-
ments glandular, devoid of an interior scale, linear-acuminate, as long as the narrow part
of the corolla-tube ; corolla yellow •. campanulate part of the tube thrice as long as its cy-
lindrical base, little longer than its broadly obovate lobes ; anthers abruptly terminated by
a linear twisted appendage, slightly hairy on the back ; follicles cylindrical, incurved, sub-
striate : seeds as long as the naked part of their beak. — Rot. Repos. 3. 1. 187. Bot. Mag. t.
1064. — E. suberccta, Sw. {non Jacq). Neriandra suberccta, A. DC.: but the aestivation is
that of j Eddies. Vinca lutea, L., or E. Catesbaei, G. Don {ex Catesb. 2. t. 53) is probably
the same, but not sufficiently described. — Leaves 2f-l f, calyx 3"'-4'", narrow part of the
corolla 4'"— 5'", campanulate part 1", anthers 3'", their appendage 5'", follicles 8": seeds
(without the beak) 3'" long ; corolla usually pubescent. — Hab. Bahamas!, Swains.; Ja-
maica!, AL, March, Wullschl., among shrubs along the arid coast; S. Vincent {Audr) ;
[Cuba ! to S. Thomas !].

45. E. suberccta, Jacq. Trailing, pubescent or glabrate; leaves oval-oblong or ob-
long, bluntish or blunt ; cynics corymbiform ; calyx-segments glandular, devoid of an in-

416

ASCLEPIADE2E.

terior scale, linear-acuminate, as long as the narrow part of the corolla-tube ; corolla yel-
low ; campanulate part of tlic tube thrice as long as its cylindrical base, little longer than its
broadly ovate lobes ; anthers devoid of a terminal appendage, slightly hairy or glabrescent
on the back ; follicles cylindrical, incurved, striate : seeds much longer than the short naked
part of tlieir beak. — SI. t. 130./. 2. Jacq. Amer. Piet. t. 33.— Urechites, J. Mull. — Pro-
portions of the flower as in the preceding, but growth said to be lower and more erect. —
Hab. Jamaica! {Jacq.), at Kingston; [Cuba!, Haiti] .

46. E. jamaicensis, Gr. Brauclilets climbing, pilose or glabrescent; leaves cordate-
ovate or ovate-oblong, glabrescent, pointleted or pointed, shortly petioled ; cymes corymbi-
i’orm ; calyx-segments devoid of an interior scale, lanceolate-acuminate from an ovate base,
one-third to one-fourth as long as the narrow part of the corolla-tube ; corolla yellow : cam-
panulate part of the tube thrice as long as its cylindrical base, twice as long as the broad
lobes; anthers devoid of a terminal appendage, slightly hairy on the back above; follicles
cylindrical, acuminate, slightly torulose, slender, straightisk, substriate : seeds much longer
than the short naked part of their beak. — E. domingensis, Sw. ( non Jacq.) : compared in
Herb. Bks. by Dr. Alexander, but Swartz in his description apparently confounded it with
E. neriandra. — Leaves 2"-l", calyx 1 "'-2'", narrow part of the corolla 4"'-5'", campanu-
late part about 1", anthers 2"', follicles b"-8", seeds (without the beak) 3'" long ; corolla
glabrescent, internally hispid below the stamens. — Hab. Bahamas !, Swains. ; Jamaica !,
Macf., Al., Lane, Pd., March, Manchester, S. Marys, among shrubs along the coast ; [Cuba !,
Haiti !].

E. barbata, Desv. (Haiti !, S. Thomas !), is an allied species (calyx-segments pilose, lanceo-
late-acuminate, exceeding the narrow part of the corolla-tube, anthers densely pubescent on
the back) : from its variable leaves it might be E. domingensis, A. DC., but has broader
calyx-segments than E. domingensis, Jacq. (Ic. Rar. t. 53) : E. suberecta, Desc. (El. 7. t.
468), said to grow in Jamaica, is perhaps a synonym of E. barbata.

17. ODONTADENIA, Benth.

Character of Echiles, but disk many-lobed, urceolate, and follicles “ oblong ” (Benth.) :
“seeds comose ” (Duckass.). — Climbers; leaf-veins costate, secondary ones transverse;
cymes axillary , corymbiform ; corolla large, yellow : tube infundibular ; anthers corneous,
hastate, longitudinally pubescent on the back.

47. O. speciosa , Benth.! Glabrous; leaves elliptical-oblong, pointleted; calyx-seg-
ments broadly ovate, blunt or bluntish ; infundibular part of the corolla separated by a
stricture from its ovoid much shorter base, little longer than the broad lobes ; anthers
sericeous-pilose on the back. — Bot. Mag. t. 4825. — Ecliites grandiflora, Mey. ! (Hremadic-
tyon, A. EC.). Dipladenia Harrisii, Hook.! — Leaves 8"-8", calyx S'", corolla-tube 2"-\\"
long. — Hab. Trinidad !, Pd., in savannahs, near the swamps of Nariva and on the upper
Coroni ; [Costarica, Panama !, Guiana !, equat. Brazil].

48. O. nitida, J. Mull. Glabrous ; leaves oblong, minutely cordate at the base,

shining above, glabrescent beneath; calyx-segments ovate-oblong, bluntish; infundibular
part of the corolla narrow, thrice as long as the cylindrical base , about twice as long as
the lobes ; anthers pubescent on the back. — Vahl, Eclog. t. 13. — Echitcs, V. O. cordata,
A. EC. — Leaves 4"-3", calyx lf'-S'", corolla-tube long— IIab. Trinidad !, Lane,

Loclch., Cr., Pitch Lake, La Brea ; [Guiana !, equat. Brazil I].

CX. ASCLEPIADEiE.

Character of Apocynea, but pollen compound, usually forming wax-like masses (the pol-
linaria), which, having a glandular appendage, are connected with the stigma by 5 projec-
tions of the latter. — Inflorescence usually umbellate ; stamens mostly connected: pollinnria
in the West Indian genera 10, the two contiguous ones of adjacent anthers united by a
common gland ; anthers terminated by a membrane, and inflorescence extra-axillary.

The properties arc the same as in Apocynece . Asclepias affords a diaphoretic mcdiciuc

(Bastard Ipecacuanha). .

The East Indian Cryptosleyia grandijlora, R. Br. (India-rubber Vine), occurs m 51 r.

ASCLEPIADEiE.

417

March’s Jamaica collection as an introduced plant. By its Echiles- like habit and powdery
pollen it connects Asclepiadece with the foregoing Order.

1. METASTELMA, R. Br.

Calyx 5-leaved. Corolla small, shortly campanulate, valvate: crown 5 -leaved, either in-
serted into the corolla-throat and decurrent into the angles of the column or into the column
below the anthers and decurrent into the corolla-base. Pollinana hanging from the base o
the gland. Stigma depressed. Follicles smooth: seeds comose— blender, suiiruticose
climbers ; umbels few-flowered; corolla-lobes usually puberulous within.

Sect. 1. Eu METASTELMA. — Crown inserted into the corolla.

1. M. parvifforum, R. Br. Glabrescent; leaves ovate-oblong or oblong, mucrouate-
blunt ; umbels sessile ; corolla-lobes linear-oblong, exceeding the crown, twice as long as
the tube : crown-leaflets linear , twice as long as the subsessile column.—' Cynanchum, ,ow.
Leaves 8"'-16'", white corolla 1'" long. — Hab. Jamaica !, Pd., March, in hedges ; Antigua .,
Nichols.; Trinidad {Sieb.) ; [Haiti to'Venezuela ! and New Granada!].

2. M. albiflorum, Gr. {n. sp.). Branchlets and pedicels puberulous or glabrate; leaves
ovate-lanceolate or lanceolate, pointed-mucronate ; umbels subsessile or their peduncle
shorter than the petiole ; corolla-lobes oblong-linear, twice as long as the tube and the
crown; crown-leaflets linear, equalling the subsessile column. — Leaves 6 -10 , petioles

peduncles 1'" long (or none) ; pedicels corolla 1"' long.— Hab. Jamaica !,

March; [S. Thomas!].

3. OT. Schlechtendalii, Decs. Branchlets and pedicels puberulous or glabrate ; leaves
ovate-lanceolate, pointed-mucronate; umbels peduncled : peduncle equalling or exceeding
the petiole; corolla-lobes oblong- linear, twice as long as, the tube and the crown: crown-
leaflets linear, equalling the stipitate column: column-stalk as long as the anthers.
Leaves 6'"-12"', peduncles 4"'-6"', pedicels 2"', corolla 1"' long.— Hab. Jamaica!, Pd.;
[Caribbean Islands ! ; Mexico ! to Venezuela !].

4. M. Faralias, Bees. Glabrescent; leaves ovate, cuspidate-mucronate ; umbels ses-
sile ; corolla-lobes oblong-linear, twice as long as the tube, exceeding the crown ; crown-
leaflets linear, equalling the long -stipitate column : column dilated above, stalk about thrice
as long as the aethers— Leaves 8"'-16'", pedicels 2"', corolla 1"' long.— Hab. Antigua !,
Wullschl. ; Trinidad !, Cr. ; [S. Martin, Guadeloupe!].

5. M. suberosum, Gr. Puberulous or glabrate ; leaves ovate-lanceolate, mucronulate-
pointed ; umbels peduncled or subsessile ; corolla-lobes linear-oblong, puberulous within at
the thickish margin, twice as long as the urceolate tube, exceeding the crown ; crown-leaflets
linear, exceeding the long -stipitate column : column dilated above, stalk six times as long
as the anthers. — Orthosia, spec. Besc. in Hb. Hook. — Flowers twice as long as in all the pre-
ceding species. Leaves 1", peduncles l"'-3'", pedicels l'"-2'" long ; sepals ovate, half as
long as the ovoid corolla-tube ; corolla 2'" long: lobes one-third longer than the crown:
crown-leaflets flat, inserted between them, decurrent along the corolla-tube into the dilated
base of the column ; column slender, li'" long ; follicles linear-acuminate, 11" long — ILab.
Dominica!, Imr.; Trinidad!, Lockh., in dry gravelly soil; [Venezuela].

Sect. 2. Epicion. — Crown inserted below the anthers into the column.

6. M. cuben.se, Bees. Glabrous; leaves oval or oval-roundish, mucronate ; peduncles
short, 2-3-flowered ; corolla-lobes ovate-oblong, pointed, glabrous within the induplieate
margin, thrice as long as the ovate tube, twice as long as the column ; crown-leaflets lan-
ceolate, internally keeled, including the anthers, dccurrent along the column into the keels
of the corolla-tube ; column cylindrical, stalk thickish, four times as long as the anthers. —
Leaves 12"'-6"', peduncles 2'", pedicels 2''', flowers 2V" long ; sepals ovate, blunt, half ns
long as the corolla-tube. — Hab. Bahamas!, Swains.; [Cuba].

2. AMP1IISTELMA, Gr.

(Vincctoxicum, sp. american., Bees.)

Calyx 5-leaved. Corolla small, rotate, 5-partite, slightly contorted : crown 5-lcaved or

418

ASCLEPIADE7E.

5 -partite, inserted into the column below the anthers : leaflets foliaceous, not deenrrent.
Pollinaria ovoid, hanging with a curved tail from the base of the gland. Stigma depressed,
with 2 blunt points. Follicles smooth, linear : seeds comosc. — Suffrutescent branched clim-
bers, often nearly aphyllous ; leaves opposite ; umbels few-flowered, sessile or subsessile ; co-
rolla-segments glabrous.

/. A. filiforme, Gr. ( n . sp.). Glabrous, diffuse-twining; leaves linear, tapering into
the petiole, pointed ; pedicels short, about 2-4 times as long as the minute flower ; sepals
oval ; corolla-segments oblong-linear, blunt ; crown-leaflets oval, blunt, equalling the an-
thers, longer than the short column-stalk.— Metastelma linearifolium, Pick. ( Cub. t . 57), is
perhaps an allied species, but has (in the figure) pointed crown-leaflets and a much longer
column-stalk. Several feet high, at length aphyllous ; branches cylindrical, thin, but grow-
ing woody : internodes about 2", leaves 1 fi—k11), 3-5-nate pedicels 2 1,1 long; calyx scarcely
exceeding the short corolla-tube; corolla-segments long, horizontally expanded; follicles
linear-acuminate, minutely truncate at the summit, 1-j^, seeds 1 long, the latter half as
long as the silky -white terminal coma. — Hab. Jamaica], AL, M‘Nab, March, Wullschl.,
common; [Cuba!].

8. A. leptocladon, Gr. Branches elongated, glabrous ; leaves oblong or linear-ob-
long, mucronate, petioled ; pedicels puberulous, exceeding the petiole, 3-4 times as long as
the minute flower ; sepals oval-roundish ; corolla-segments ovate-oblong, bluntish ; crown-
segments bluntly deltoid-roundish, equalling the anthers, longer than the short column-
stalk. — Vincetoxicum, Pecs. Cynanchum funale, Poir. ? — Stem twining, with filiform
trailing branches : internodes often 21' long ; leaves long, If ’—2"' broad ; pedicels

2" '-‘S'", corolla V" long. — Hab. Jamaica!, March; [Haiti].

3. SEUTERA, Peichenb.

Calyx 5-leaved. Corolla rotate, 5-partite, dextrorsely contorted. Crown 5-leaved, folia-
ceous, inserted into the subsessile column below the anthers. Pollinaria ovoid, tailed, hang-
ing from the base of the gland. Stigma conical, entire. Follicles smooth, lanceolate-acu-
minate : seeds comose. — A twining, filiform, glabrous herb ; leaves opposite, linear, acumi-
nate, subsessile : pairs distant; umbels peduncled.

9. S. maritima, Peichenb. — Lyonia, Ell. — Leaves 2"-l", peduncles l"-4", pedicels
l'"-2'", corolla-segments 2"', puberulous follicles 2" long; sepals minute, lanceolate, ciliate ;
corolla-segments ovate-lanceolate, twice as long as the column ; crown-leaflets oblong, retuse,
oi- blunt, a little exceeding the anthers. — Hab. Bahamas !, Swains. ; [South Carolina, among
Halophytes ; Florida 1, Texas !].

4. ENSLENIA, Nutt.

Calyx 5-partite. Corolla rotate, 6-partite, slightly contorted : crown 5-leaved, inserted
into the subsessile column below the anthers : leaflets foliaceous, hastate. Pollinaria ovoid,
pcudulous : tail horizontal, inserted into the gland above its base. Stigma depressed, with
2 minute points. Follicles “ oblong-lanceolate, smooth ; seeds comose.” — Twining, glabres-
cent herbs ; leaves opposite, cordate with an open sinus, long petioled ; flowers corymbose ;
corymbs peduncleu.

10. E. jamaicensis, Gr. {n. sp.). Leaves mucronate-bluntish ; crown-leaflets broadly
hastate : terminal lobe ligulate, entire, shortly cmarginate. — Habit and most characters of
E. albida, Nutt., but leaves rounded towards the pointlcted or mucronate summit, and crown
awnless : Cynanchum racemosum, Jacq. (Amer. Piet. t. 80, or Poulinia Jacquini, Decs.),
from its figure is another nearly allied congener. Leaves 3"-4" long, 2"-2f broad ; pe-
duncles as long as the petioles ; sepals oblong, 1'" long ; corolla-segments oblong-linear, ex-
panded, 3'" long, twice as long as the column ; roundish-quadrate base of the crown-leaficts
a8 long as the linear, incurved, terminal lobe. — IIab. Jamaica!, Wits.

5. ASCLEPIAS, L.

Calyx 5-partite. Corolla 5-parlitc, reflexed, valvate : crown 5-lcavcd, inserted into the
summit of the short column-stalk : leaflets cucullatc with an incurved appendage proceed-

ASCLEPIADEyE.

419

in"- from the concavity. Pol/inaria obovate, compressed, tailed, hanging. Stigma de-
pressed. Follicles ovate or lanceolate : seeds comose. — Erect, perennial herbs ; umbels pe-
dunc/ed, many-Jlowered, inserted between the superior leaves or terminal.

11. A. curassavica, L. Stem puberulous ; leaves opposite, oblong-lanceolate or lan-
ceolate, acuminate, petioled, glabrescent ; pedicels 5-12, 3-4 times as long as the crimson
flowers; corolla-segments elliptical, pointed ; column abruptly stipitate ; appendages oj the
ovate-oblong, orange-coloured cuculli lanceolate-falcate, shortly esserted ; follicles oblong-
lanceolate, smooth. — SI. i. 129./. 4, 5 ; Peso. FI. 2. t. 116.— 1'-3' high ; corolla-segments
3",-2"' long. — Bab. Jamaica !, all coll., a common weed; all Caribbean Islands; [Cuba!
and Mexico ! to Brazil 1 ; introduced into all tropical countries and the Canary Islands !].

12. A. nivea, L. Puberulous; leaves opposite, oblong-lanceolate or lanceolate, acumi-
nate, petioled; pedicels 5-12, 3-4 times as long as the greenisli-wliiie flowers ; corolla-
segments elliptical, bluntisb ; column abruptly stipitate ; appendages of the ovate-oblong,
vjhite cuculli linear falcate, exserted; follicles lanceolate, smooth. — Bot. Mag. t. 1181. —
Corolla usually smaller, and follicles narrower than in the preceding. — Hab. Jamaica!, all
coll. ; [Cuba! to S. Thomas; Louisiana].

6*. GOMPHOCARPUS, E. Br.

Character of Asclepias, but crown-leaflets devoid of an inner hook, unidentate at the base
on both sides, and follicles ventricose, usually echinate. — Shrubs or erect herbs; leaves
opposite.

13*. G. fruticosus, E. Br. Shrubby; branches pubescent ; leaves lanceolate-linear,
mucronate, petioled, glabrescent; pedicels 6-12, slender, hoary-pubescent; corolla-segments
elliptical, white; cuculli subtruncate: teeth ascending. — 4-6' high; corolla-segments re-
flexed, 3"' long ; column shortly stalked ; follicles echinate, incurved-ovoid. — Hab. Natura-
lized in Jamaica 1, March, in the mountains of S. Andrews ; [introduced from Arabia].

7. SARCOSTEMMA, E. Br.

Calyx 5-partite. Corolla rotate, 5-partite or 5-lobed, slightly contorted : crown double,
exterior annular or shortly cyathiform, undulate or crenate, connecting the column and the
tube, interior larger, 5-leaved, inserted below the anthers. Pollinaria clavate-cyliudrical,
hanging: tail short, ascending, inserted into the basilar mucro of the deltoid-roundish gland.
Stigma prominent, entire or 2-fid. Follicles smooth : seeds comose. — Leaves opposite {or
none) ; umbels lateral or terminal.

14. S. Brownei, Mey. 1 Twining, herbaceous, pubescent or glabrate ; leaves ovate-
oblong or lanceolate, acuminate or mucronate, blunt at the glanduliferous, petioled base;
peduncles exceeding the leaves : umbel many-flowered, pubescent; corolla 5- partite , white:
segments ovate, bluntish or blunt ; exterior crown annular, subentire, interior leaflets oval,
peltate at the base, a little exceeding the column ; stigma conical, subentire ; follicles ovate-
lanceolate. — SI. t. 131./. 1. — Asclepias viminalis, Sw. S. Swartzianum, E. S. Gonolobus
hirtus, PI. Bertero ! — I exclude Jacq. Amer. Piet. t. 87 {Cynanchum clausum), which agrees
better with the allied S. glaucum, Kth. — A high climber; leaves l"-2/', corolla 6"'-7m
diam. — Hab. Jamaica!, all coll., among shrubs, Kingston, Manchester; [Cuba!, Haiti!;
Guatemala !, Guiana !].

8. OXYPETALUM, E. Br.

Calyx 5-partite. Corolla-tube shortly campanulate : limb 5-partite, slightly contorted :
crown 5-leaved, inserted below the anthers. Pollinaria clavate-cylindrical, hanging : tail
short, horizontal with an ascending spur, inserted into the deltoid-constricted base of the
oblong gland. Sligma prominent : acumen large, usually deeply bifid. Follicles oblong-
lanceolate : seeds comose. — Leaves opposite; peduncles few-flowered : flowers large.

15. O. riparium, Kth. Suffruticose, twining, pubescent; leaves cordate-acuminate;
peduncles 3-1-flowered, nearly as long as the leaves ; corolla-lobes subulate-filiform, acumi-
nate, 3-5 times as long as the tube ; crown-leaflets roundish, crenulate, internally cornicu-
late at the base; stigma deeply bifid : beaks diverging, cylindrical-acuminate. — Kth.N. Oen.

420

ASCLEPIADEiE.

A 231. — Leaves 2"-4" long; corolla whitish, H” diam. : tube equalling the linear calyx-
segments; follicles 3" long. — IIab. Jamaica!, Mac/., Pd., Waters, S. George’s Gap ; [Cuba!
aud Mexico ! to Ecuador ! and Brazil],

9*. CALOTROPIS, R. Br.

Calyx 5 -partite. Corolla 5-partite, valvate : crown 5-leaved, vertically inserted into the
column : leaflets complicate, with an ascending spur on the back. Pollinaria compressed,
spathulate, diverging-pendulous : tail curved, horizontal at the base, inserted into the base
of the small glaud. Stigma depressed. Follicles ventricose, smooth : seeds comose. —
Erect, glabrous shrubs; leaves broad; corymbs peduncled : flowers large.

16*. C. procera, R. Br. Leaves obovate-oblong or obovate-roundish, cordate at the
subsessile base ; corolla spreading ; crown-leaflets incurved, as long as the prismatical
column. — Jacq. Amer. Piet. t. 88.— Asclepias gigantea, Jacq. — 6' high ; leaves 6"~S" long ;
corolla white, red-tinged within, 1" diam. — Hab. Naturalized in Jamaica (Jacq.'', common
in savannahs, Kingston ; Antigua!, Nichols., Wullschl. ; [trop. Africa ! to Egypt !, Afghani-
stan ! and East Indies ! ; introduced into trop. America !].

10. GONOLOBUS, Mich.

Calyx 5-partite. Corolla rotate, 5-partite or 5-lobed, contorted: crown annular, con-
necting the column and the corolla-throat. Anthers transversely dehiscent: pollinaria
obovate, tailed, horizontal. Stigma depressed. Follicles ventricose : seeds comose. — Climbers;
flowers corymbose, often few, rarely single.

17. G. rostratus, R. Br. Pilose with recurved down , leaves cordate with a narrow
sinus, ovate-oblong above the base, pointleted ; peduncles 4-5-fiowered : pedicels slender ;
calyx slightly hairy, one-third to a quarter as long as the corolla: segments ovate, pointed ;
corolla 5-partite, slightly hairy : segments lanceolate-linear, acuminate. — Vahl, Ic. t. 7- — -
Cynanchum, V. —Leaves 4''-2[" long; corolla 1" diam.— Hab. Trinidad!, Cr., La Ventilla ;
[Venezuela] .

18. G. martinicensis, Decs. Branches pilose or glabrescent ; leaves cordate with

an open sinus, ovate-oblong above the base, pointleted ; corymbs umbelliform, peduncled :
pedicels slender ; calyx glabrescent, one-third to one-half as long as the corolla : segments
lanceolate, acuminate ; corolla 5-partite, glabrous: segments lanceolate- acuminate : ciown
short, glabrous, undulate-subentire. — Leaves long ; corolla 10,,/ diam., beaked in the bud,

greenish. — Hab. Dominica !, Imr. ; [Martinique].

19. G. stellatus, Gr. ( n . sp). Glabrous; leaves elliptical or lauceolate-elliptical,
pointed at both ends ; peduncles fmv-l-flowered, nearly as long as the slender petiole; calyx
one-third as long as the corolla, spreading from the beaked-conical bud : segments lanceolate,
acuminate ; corolla 5-partite : segments lanceolate- acuminate ; crown urceolute, glabrous .
margin lobed.— Stem Aliform, climbing; leaves 2i"-li", petiole 12''''-6"' long; peduncle
much shorter than the pedicels; corolla 20"'-lG"' diam. : segments 2'" broad at the base,
somewhat bluntish at the point, greenish, slightly papillose near the margin within.— IIab.
Jamaica I, Pd., Manchester, rare, near Knockpatrick.

20. G. pubescens, Gr. (n. sp.). Branches densely hispidulous-pubescent with re-

curved down ; leaves small, ovate-oblong, mucronate, rounded or bluntish at the base,
densely pubescent-, peduncles l(-2)-flowered, short, nearly as long as the petiole ; bud sub-
globose • calyx half as long as the corolla, hispidulous : segments lanceolate, bluntish ;
corolla deeply 5-lobed, glabrous : lobes ovate-deltoid, bluntish, interna ly papiUose near the
point; crown crenulate-lobed.— Stem filiform, climbing ; leaves 8-18 , petiole 2 3

Ion" • corolla marmorated with veins, 2"'-3'" diam. : crown fleshy, inserted into the base of
the°short column, nearly distinct from the corolla-tube ; stigma flat, 5-cormculatc at the
margin. — Hab. Jamaica !, Mcicf.

21 G rhamnifolius, Gr. (n. sp). Branches puberulons, glabrescent ; leaves ovate-
oblong cuspidate or mucronate, rounded at the base, glabrous; corymbs umbelliform, sub-
sessile, as long as the petiole ; bud ovate-subglobose ; calyx one-third as long as the corolla
puberulons: segments ovate-oblong, blunt; corolla deeply 5-lobed, glabrous: segments

ASCLEPIADE/E.

421

ovate-oblong, bluntish ; crown short, crenulate.— Habit of G. undulates, It. Bi., nearly
allied to the preceding, but a shrubby climber ; leaves 3 -2", petiole 4 -3 long ; corymbs
5-10-flowered ; corolla veiny, 4m diam., reflexed. — Hab. Jamaica!, Al., a. Anns, near
Moneague.

11. IB ATI A, Decs.

Calyx 5-partite. Corolla rotate, 5-partite, slightly contorted: crown scutellate, lo-
crenate inserted into the short column. Anthers transversely dehiscent : pollinaria ovoid-
oblong, parallel to the oblong gland, tailed at the middle : tail short, transverse, inserted
into the base of the gland. Stigma flat, with a central, long, subulifomi point. Follicles
ventricose : seeds comose. — Densely pubescent climbers ; leaves cordate; flowers fascicled.

22. I. muricata, Gr. Leaves cordate-deltoid, cuspidate, hispidulous above, hoary-
toinentose beneath ; fascicles much exceeded by the petiole ; corolla pubescent : segments
ovate, blunt ; stigma subentire at the thickened point ; follicles ovate, echinate, glabrescent.
Bot. Reg. t. 931 ; Desc. FI. 3. t. 189.— Echites, A. DC. Gonolobus maritimus. Dot. Reg.
(non Cynanchum, Jacq.). G. floccosus, Wiclcstr. J, maritima, Decs. ! ex parte.— Pedicels
2"'-3'", follicles 3" long ; corolla 3'" diam.— Hab. Antigua !, Wullschl., Dominica !, Imr. ;
[Guadeloupe 1 ; Venezuela !].

12. EISCHERIA, DC.

Calyx 5-partite. Corolla rotate, 5-partite, contorted : crown annular, simple, or “ double,”
inserted into the base of the column. A nthers transversely dehiscent, produced into a dorsal,
fleshy appendage: pollinaria obovate, horizontal. Stigma depressed. Follicles “ventri-
coso.” — Climbers ; flowers in peduncled corymbs : corolla usually crisped at the margin.

23. F. scandens, DC. Branches velvety ; leaves ovate, mucronate, minutely cordate
at the base with superincumbent auricles, slightly hairy above, velvety beneath ; corymbs
many-flowered : peduncle equalling the leaf ; calyx-segments ovate, pointed, half as long as
the corolla ; corolla-segments ovate, bluntish, pubescent, crisped ; crown simple, subentire ;
appendages of the anthers obovoid. — Deless. Ic. 5. t. 77. — Cynanchum crispiflorum, Sw.
(Gonolobus, R. Br.). — Leaves 6"-3", petiole 18"'-6'" long; corolla 6'" diam.; pollinaria
tailed, opaque nearly to the base of the tail. — Hab. Jamaica!, all coll., among shrubs;
[Cuba !].

24. F. multiflora, Decs. Branches hispid; leaves elliptical, pointleted, minutely
cordate at the base with a narrow sinus, velvety -pubescent ; corymbs many-flowered: pe-
duncle exceeding the leaf ; calyx-segments lanceolate-linear, exceeded by the corolla ;
corolla-segments ovate-oblong, bluntish, internally pilose, crisped ; appendages of the
anthers obovoid. — Leaves 4"-3", petiole 1" long ; corolla 8'" diam.— Hab. Trinidad !, Pd.,
Cr., rare in woods, Arima ; [Brazil].

25. F. cincta, Gr. (n. sp.). Branches sparingly pilose; leaves lanceolate-elliptical,
pointleted, callous at the tapering base, revolute at the margin, glabrescent with scattered
hairs above : under side pale, pilose on the midrib and the costate distant veins ; peduncles
2-1 -flowered, exceeding the petiole ; calyx-segments lanceolate, half as long as the corolla ;
corolla-segments ovate-oblong, bluntish, glabrous, furnished with a prominent, tomentose
ring around the throat, slightly crisped near the top ; anthers obliquely transverse, as long
as their oblong, blunt, flattish appendage. — Imperfectly known from a single incomplete
specimen. Leaves 2£"-2" long, 10'" broad : petiole 5"'-6"', bifid peduncle 1" long ; corolla
rcflexed : segments 4'"-5"' long ; pollinaria horizontal, clavate, pellucid nearly to the middle,
subscssile, inserted into the contracted minute base of a deltoid gland ; stigma flat. — Hab.
Jamaica !, Jligson.

13. MACROSCEPIS, Kih.

“ Calyx 5-partite. Corolla rotate, 5-partite, contorted : crown 5-leaved. , Anthers of
Gonolobus: pollinaria clavate-oblong, horizontal, subscssile, laterally inserted into the
gland. Smyrna depressed. — Hispid climbers; peduncles short, few-flowered ; corolla scarcely
exceeding the calyx''

26. M. obovata, Klh. “Leaves obovate, pointleted, minutely cordate at the base with
a narrow sinus ; calyx-segments ovate-lanceolate, acuminate.” — Kth. N. Gen. t. 233. —

422

GENTIANE2E.

Cynanchum hirsutum, V. sec. Decs. — Habit of Fischeria multiflora , but peduncles scarcely
exceeding tbe petiole, 2-3-flowered ; corolla 1" diam. — TIab. Trinidad (V.) ; [Mexico,
Yucatan].

14. MARSDENIA, R. Br.

Calyx 5-leaved or sub-5-partite. Corolla 5-lobed, dextrorsely contorted: crown 5-
leaved, inserted below tbe anthers : leaflets devoid of an inner appendage, often adnate below.
Pollinaria oblong or obovoid, erect : tail horizontal, inserted into the base of the gland.
Stigma entire, depressed or conical. Follicles smooth: seeds comose. — Trailing shrubs or
climbers ; flowers cymose.

27. M. clausa, R. Br. Shrubby, twining above; branches with 2 puberulons lines;
leaves lanceolate-oblong, lanceolate or spathulate, mucrouulate, tapering or bluntish at the
base, glabrous ; cymes peduncled : peduncle nearly as long as the petiole ; sepals orbicular,
ciliate ; corolla shortly infundibular : lobes oval, twice as long as the tube, bearded above
the throat ; crown-leailets roundish, fleshy; stigma flat. — M. afliuis, Rich.! — Leaves 2"-H",
corolla 2'" long. — Hab. Jamaica I, Mac/., Wullschl., Manchester, Lititz savannah, trailing on
walls; [Cuba!].

28. M. maculata, Hooh.l Shrubby, twining, glabrous ; leaves ovate or broadly ovate-
oblong, minutely cordate at the base ; cymes umbelliform, subsessile ; sepals roundish,
ciliate ; corolla rotate-infundibular : lobes oval-oblong, blunt, ciliate, internally glabrous ,
thrice as long as the tube ; crown-leaflets lanceolate ; stigma convex-conical. — Leaves 8"-4",
corolla 3'" long. — H ab. Trinidad !, Pd., in the mountains of S. Anns ; [Panama !, New
Granada!, Venezuela!].

CXI. GENTIANEiE.

Stamens inserted into the sympetalous, dextrorsely contorted (rarely induplicative) corolla.
Ovary superior, paracarpous : carpophylls 2, mostly many- ovulate. Embryo cylindrical, in
fleshy albumen. — Leaves mostly opposite and entire, exstipulate, glabrous, often palmati-
nerved and sheathing at the base ; fruit mostly a septicide capsule.

A bitter principle is universal in this Order : hence several in the West Indies are used as
tonics, e.g. Eustorna, Schidtesia, Coutoubea.

1. EUSTOMA, Don.

Calyx 5 (-6) -partite. Corolla infundibular-rotate, marcescent. Anthers incumbent, at
length recurved. Style tardily deciduous : stigma 2-lamellate. Capsule 1- to half-2-celled :
seeds marginal on the valves. — Glaucescent, erect herbs; cymes terminal, few-flowered ;
corolla blue or wldte-variegated.

1. E. exaltatum, Gr. Annual; leaves elliptical-oblong, minutely-cordate at the stem-
clasping base ; corolla-segments elliptical-oblong, apiculate, twice as long as the campantdate
tube; capsule 1 -celled. — Plum. Ed. Bwrm. t. 81. f. 1 ; Jacq. Ic. Bar. t. 33; Desc. FI. 1.
t. 15. — Gentiana, L. Lisiauthus, Lam. L. glaucifolius, Lam.- — l'-2' high; corolla 1"
]ong. — Hab. Jamaica !, all coll., on dry banks along the coast ; [Cuba !, Haiti ! ; Arkansas ! ;
Mexico ! to Venezuela !].

2*. ERYT1IR7EA, Ren.

Calyx 5-4-partite. Corolla infundibular or salver-shaped, marcescent. Anthers erect,
spirally twisted, exserted. Style deciduous : stigma 2-lamellate or iufundibular. Capsule
of Eusloma. — Annual (rarely perennial) herbs; cymes terminal, dichotomous ; corolla rosy
(white) or yellaw.

2*. E. ramosissima, Pers. Stem low, branched usually from the base ; leaves ovate-
oblong, superior oblong-lanceolate ; cyme compound : flowers pedicellate, ebracteate ; corolla-
tube during authesis a little exceeding the calyx : lobes oblong-lanceolate, bluntish ; stigma
2-lamellate ; capsule-valves slightly intnflexed. — Hab. Naturalized in Jamaica!, March,
M'Nab ; [Europe I to Siberia I, Arabia I and Canary Islands ; naturalized in the eastern
United States].

GENTIANE.ZE.

423

3. SLEVOGTIA, Reichenb.

Calyx 5-fid. Corolla infundibular, marcescent. > Stamens alternating with teeth, in-
cluded : anthers erect, straight, corniculate at the top. Style deciduous : stigma capitate.
Capsule 1 -celled : seeds marginal on the valves. — Perennial, leafy herbs ; flowers glomerate
in the axils.

3. S. occidentalis, Gr. Stem roughish ; leaves elliptical-lanceolate, acuminate at both
ends, sharply pointed ; calyx-lobes subulate, squarrose, nearly as long as the capsule. Plum.
Ed. Barm. t. 81./. 2. — Gentiana verticillata, L. (Hippion, Spreng). — l'-B' high; leaves
3 -nerved, 2"-4" long; corolla “blue,” 3'" long.— Hab. S. Vincent!, Guild., Grenada!,
Lane; Trinidad!, Sch., Pd., Cr., S. Anns, Maraval; [Cuba to French islands].

4. COUTOUBEA, AM.

Calyx 4-fid, 3-2-bracteolate. Corolla shortly salver-shaped, marcescent. Anthers sagit-
tate, straight, exserted. Style deciduous : stigma 2-lamellate. Capsule half-4-celled, 2-valved :
seeds marginal on the introfiexed valves. — Annual, virgate herbs ; flowers spicate or race-
mose, white or reddish.

4. C. densiflora, Mart. Leaves oblong-lanceolate, roundish or cordate at the sheath-
ing base ; flowers spicate, 3-bracteolate, densely approximate or the inferior somewhat
distant. — Cav. Ic. t. 328 ; a form with ternately whorled leaves (C. ternifolia, Cav.). — C.
spicata, Kth., Benth. (non Aubl). — 1'-3' high; corolla-tube 3"'-2"' long, as long as the
lobes.— Hab. Trinidad 1, Lockh., Sch., on dry, gravelly banks ; [Guadeloupe ! ; Honduras !
to Brazil !].

5. SCHTJLTESIA, Mart.

Calyx 4-5-fid: tube 4-5 -winged or -keeled. Corolla infundibular, marcescent: lobes
broadly rounded or subtruncate. Anthers exceeded by the corolla-limb, straight, incumbent.
Style deciduous : stigma 2-lamellate or 2-globose. Capsule 1-celled : seeds marginal on the
slightly introfiexed valves. — Annual herbs ; stem erect, tetragonal ; flowers in terminal
cymes or single, rosy, purple or yellow.

5. S. stenophylla, Mart. Leaves oblong, lanceolate or linear; cymes dichotomous:
lateral flowers 2-bracteolate, central ebracteolate, shortly pedicellate ; calyx 4- winged : wings
transversely veined, semiovate or semilanceolate ; corolla rosy -violet, 4 -fid lobes sublruncate-
obovate ; filaments 2-dentate below. — Aubl. t. 26./. 1; I) esc. El. 1. t. 20. — Exacum
guianense, Aubl. E. cubense, Pcepp. /—Variable ; corolla 8"' long. — Hab. Jamaica !,
Manf. ; Trinidad !, Lockh., Cr., in moist savannahs ; [Cuba ! and Mexico ! to Southern
Brazil !].

6. S. heterophylla, Miq. Leaves lanceolate-linear ; cyme few-1 -flowered : flowers
2-bracteolate with elongated bractlets, central subsessile ; calyx narrowly ^-winged : wings
transversely veined, semilanceolate-linear ; corolla large, rosy, 4 -fid: lobes obovate, mucro-
nulate ; filaments 2-dentate or subulate at the base. — Spithameous ; stem simple below the
summit, corolla 1|" to almost 2" long. — Hab. Jamaica \, Macf. ; [Haiti!; Pauarna ! to
Brazil !, in moist savannahs].

6. LISIANTHUS, Aubl.

Calyx 5 -partite or 5-fid : divisions imbricative, not keeled. Corolla infundibular or
salver-shaped. Stamens inserted into the inferior part of the corolla-tube, often unequal :
anthers at length recurved, with the connective usually enlarged. Style persistent : stigma
2-lamellate. Capsule 2-cclled by the introfiexed valves. — Herbs or shrubs ; flowers usually
in terminal cymes.

Sect. 1. Helia, Mart. — Corolla marcescent : tube constricted , limb spreading, often
oblique. — Herbs ; leaves archveined.

7- L. chelonoides, L. Annual; stem nearly cylindrical, simple; leaves ovate or
elliptical, superior sessile ; cyme-branches rnccmiform, with unilateral flowers; calyx 5-fid:
lobes blunt ; corolla greenish, enlarged at the throat : lobes oblong, blunt, slightly exceed-

424

GENTIANEiE.

iug or equalling the stamens; stigma-segments obovate.— 3'-4' high ; corolla 1" long.—
Hab. Trinidad !, Loclch., Lane, Cr., Maraccas, Pitch Lake ; [Guiana ! to Brazil ! and
Peru !].

8. L. alatus, Aubl. Annual; stem ^-winged below ; leaves elliptical or elliptical-ob-
long, superior sessile; cyme-branches racemiform, with unilateral flowers; calyx 5-fid:
lobes blunt ; corolla greenish-yellow, enlarged at the throat, narrow below it : lobes round-
ish, equalling the stamens ; stigma-segments obovate. — Aubl. t. 80. — L. CErstedii, Gr. -. I
believe to recognize Aublet’s plant in my species, from which L. trifidus, Kth. ( L. ’ acutan-
ffulus, Bot. Mag., L.fistulosus, Benth.) is distinguished by its broad corolla-tube and a peren-
nial root.— Stem slender, l'-3' high ; corolla 1" long.— Hab. Trinidad !, Gr., in savannahs,
S. Joseph; [Nicaragua 1, Bogota!, Guiana],

Sect. 2. Chebonanthus, Gr. ( inclus . Macrocarpsea). — Corolla deciduous-, tube gradu-
ally enlarged, and passing into the limb. — Herbs or shrubs ; leaves archveined.

9- I*, uligiuosus, Gr. Annual; stem, tetragonal below ; leaves elliptical or elliptical-
oblong, superior sessile , often ovate-lanceolate ; cyme-branches lax, racemifonn : flowers
cernuous ; calyx 5-fid : lobes rounded ; corolla blue (or white) : tube campanulate above
the calyx, 4 times as long as the ovate-roundish lobes; stamens not exceeding the limb;
stigma-divisions oblong-linear or linear ; capsule ovoid, thrice as long as the calyx. — L. gra-
cilis, Gr. : a small-leaved form with linear stigma-divisions. L. amcenus, Miq.'t — Stem 2'-
4' high; corolla about 1" long, variable in size. — Hab. S. Vincent!, Guild.; T Guiana !,
Brazil!].

10. £i. thamnoides, Gr. («. sp). Suffruticose, branched ; branches obtusely tetragonal
below, subcylindrical above; leaves elliptical, pointed, all petioled, inferior very large;
cyme-branches corymbiform : flowers during anthesis erect : calyx 5 -fid : lobes rounded ;
corolla greenish-yellow : tube enlarged above the calyx, 4 times as long as the ovate, blunt
lobes; stamens exserted ; stigma-divisions oval; capsule oblong-lanceolate, twice as long as
the calyx. — Habit and corolla of L. glaber, L., but branches herbaceous, and flowers smaller ;
inferior leaves above 1', superior 2"-3", calyx 4 corolla 1", capsule 8"'-10"' long. — Hab.
Jamaica !, Mac/. ; [Cuba!].

11. Xj. frigidus, Sw. Shrubby ; branches tetragonal; leaves elliptical, pointed,
shortly petioled or superior subsessile ; cyme few-flowered, umbelliform ; calyx 5-fid : lobes
rounded ; corolla yellow, large ; tube broadly campanulate above the calyx, much larger
than the roundish-reniform lobes; stamens included ; stigma-divisions oval; capsule “ovoid-
oblong.” — Hoolc. Ic. t. 195. — Inferior leaves 3" long, superior decrescent; calyx 4'",
corolla 2" long. — PIab. Dominica!, Imr., in the highest region of the mountains ; S. Vin-
cent !, Guild.; [Guadeloupe!].

7. LEIANTHUS, Gr.

Calyx 5-fid or 5-partite, often keeled : divisions acuminate, slightly imbricative, at length
valvar. Corolla infundibular : tube clavate-obconical above the calyx. Stamens inserted
into the inferior part of the corolla : anthers incumbent, straight. Style persistent : stigma
capitate. Capstile 2-celled : seeds marginal on the introflexed valves. — Herbs or shrubs ;
flowers in terminal or axillary cymes.

12. L. longifolius, Gr. Annual, suffrutescent ; stem subcylindrical, often scabrous
above ; leaves petioled, lanceolate, oblong-lanceolate, or superior ovate; cymes 3-5-flowered,
often in a spreading panicle; calyx 5-ftd, b-winged (rarely 5-lceeled) ; corolla yellowish :
tube clavate-obconical, twice or thrice as long as the oblong-lanceolate pointed lobes ;
stamens not exserted. — SI. t. 101./. 1. — Lisianthus, L. — 1£'-4' high; corolla 1 a"(— 1")
long.

a. Calyx-wings lanceolate-linear. — Br. Jam. t. 9./. 1.

fi. gracilis. Calyx 5-keeled with narrow, linear keels ; leaves lanceolate.

y. cordifolius. Calyx obtusely 5-keeled ; leaves small, superior cordate-ovate, shortly
petioled. — Br. Jam. t. 9./. 2. — Lisianthus cordifolius, L. (Leianthus, Gr.). — Hab. Jamaica!,
all coll., in woods, along rivers (a, /3, y) ; [Cuba!].

13. L. latifolius, Gr. Shrubby; branches obtusely tetragonal; leaves clliptical-ob-

GENTIANE2E.

425

lonir pointed, tapering into the petiole: sheath short, oppressed ; cymes 3 5( l)-ilowerccl,
peduncled, axillary, equalling the leaf; calyx 5- partite, narrowly Z- keeled ; corolla yellow :
tube clavate-obconical, twice or thrice as long as the oblong-lanceolate pointed lobes ;
stamens included, exceeded by the style.-Lisianthus, high ; leaves 5 3 long,

larger than in the preceding ; corolla 2"(-li") long. — Hab. Jamaica ., Mac/., M Nab, Mai ch,
iu the high mountains of Port Royal.

14 li exsertus, Gr. Shrubby ; branches subcylindrical or obtusely tetragonal ;
leaves elliptical-oblong or elliptical, pointleted, petioled : sheath truncate-spreading ; cymes
many-iloxoered, corymbiform, terminal and axillary : calyx deeply 5-fid, destitute of lceels or
wings ■ corolla pale, narrowly cylindrical to the middle, abruptly campanulate above it, twice
or thrice exceeded by the long-exserted stamens : lobes ovate or ovate-oblong, cuspidate or
bluutishj much shorter than the tube. — Lisianthus, Szo. L. callosus, Better . 6—12 high ,

corolla l"(-la") long. — Hab. Jamaica!, Pd., Wils.', March, in the high mountains of

S. Andrews.

15. Ia. umbellatus, Gr. Shrubby; branches cylindrical or slightly tetragonal ; leaves
lanceolate-oblong, pointed, long-tapering into the petiole : sheath truncate-spreading ; cymes
contracted, many-fioxvered, supported by ovate involucral leaves, long-peduncled : peduncles
axillary, equalling the leaf; calyx 5-fid, destitute of keels or wings ; corolla yellow, clavate :
lobes roundish or ovate, much shorter than the tube ; stamens exserted, about one-third or
one- fourth longer than the corolla. — Hook. Ic. t. 687, 688. &— 20' high; leaves 8 —10 ,
corolla about 1" long.— Hab. Jamaica !, Pd., Al., Wils., March, in high mountains, Port-
land, Guy’s Hill S. Anns, Dolphin Westmoreland.

8. VOYRIA, AM.

Calyx 5 (-4) -fid, rarely none. Corolla salver-shaped, rarely infundibular-clavate : tube at
length cleft at the base. Stamens included ; anthers erect, straight, sometimes connate,
either sessile below the corolla-throat or the filaments inserted into the upper part of its
tube. Style persistent : stigma capitate. Capsule 4-2-cclled : seeds marginal on the intro-
flexed valves, usually tailed at both ends.— Herbs devoid of chlorophyll, growing on putrid
wood or leaves ; leaves usually reduced to scales ; flowers terminal, solitary or in corym-
bose cymes.

Sect. 1. Leiphaimos, Schlecht., Cham. — Anthers subsessile, roundish. Capsule seplicide

at the middle. — Leafless herbs.

16. V. uniflora, Lam. Stem simple, l-fiowered ; scales alternate, clasping ; calyx
5-fid, one-tenth to one-eighth as long as the corolla : lobes ovate ; corolla yellow, salver-
shaped : tube filiform, dilated at the base and at the throat, 6-4 times as long as the ovate,
pointed lobes. — Jaap Amer. Piet. t. 89. — Gentiana, Jaap — 6"~8" high ; corolla-tube 1"
long. — IIab. Jamaica !, Pd., S. Mary’s at Petersfield ; S. Vincent !, Guild. ; Trinidad !, Pd.,
Or., Arima, Aripo ; [Cuba, Prench islands ! ; New Granada !, Guiana ! to South Brazil !].

17. V. tenella, Guild.! Stem, simple, 1 -flowered; superior scales alternate; calyx
5-fid, one-fourth as long as the corolla : lobes ovate-lanceolate ; corolla rosy, infundibular :
tube campanulate, 3-4 times as long as the lanceolate lobes. — Bot. Misc. \.t. 25 B. — 1"-
4" high; corolla 4,"-6"' long. — Hab. Jamaica !, M' ‘Nab ; S. Vincent 1, Gruild.

Sect. 2. Leianthostemon, Gr. — Anthers Pawned at the base : filaments distinct.

Capsule seplicide at the middle. — Leafless herbs ; flowers cymose.

18. V. mexicana, Gr. Stem simple below the cyme ; scales opposite ; cyme usually

few-flowered: lateral flowers shortly pedicellate, central sessile; calyx 5 -fid: lobes lanceo-
late, pointed; corolla small, infundibular: lobes minutely deltoid, pointed, one-fourth to one-
sixth as long as the tube. — Leiphaimos parasitica, Schlecht., Cham. — 4"-6" high, slender;
corolla long ; seeds tailed, hair-like. — Hab. Jamaica!, Pd., in moist woods near the

summit of Dolphin’s Peak, Westmoreland, at 3800' alt. ; [Mexico !].

19. V. triuiteusis, Gr. (u. sp.). Stem terminated by a contracted cyme; scales op-
posite, spreading; flowers pedicellate; calyx 5-fid : lobes subulate-setaceous; corolla salver-
shaped : lobes oblong -linear, bluntish, one-fourth to one-third as long as the lube. — Dis-

420

SCROPIIULARINE2E.

tinguishod from the allied V. corymbosa, Splitg., hy a longer corolla-tube, and broader lobes.
Stem 3"-5" long, flexuose, usually branched at the base; scales oval-oblong, blunt, 2"' long,
the inferior about half as long as the internode, the superior gradually more distant, the
uppermost nearly as long as the ebracteolate pedicels ; calyx 2"', subcyliudrical corolla-
tube 6'", its lobes 1 V,,-2W long ; filaments short, as long as the anther : anther-cells con-
nected at the summit, obversely subulate-diverging, often slightly synantherous ; ovary half
as long as the style : stigma peltate, crenate at the depressed margin ; capsule annular, both
ends being united : seeds minute, rouudish, tailless. — Hab. Trinidad !, Pd., Cr., in the
northern mountain-woods, on the summit of Mt. Tamana, La Ventilla.

9. LIMNANTHEMUM, Gmel.

Calyx 5-partite. Corolla rotate, deciduous : segments induplicative, usually fimbriate.
Anthers erect, straight. Style persistent. Fruit dry, indehiscent, 1-celled : seeds sutural.
— Floating herbs; leaves cordate or peltate, long-petioled, alternate ; umbels sessile,
petiolar ( or axillary ) : pedicels unequal.

20. L. Humboldtianum, Gr. Leaves cordate-orbicular ; umbels petiolar ; calyx-
segments oblong-linear, half as long as the corolla, somewhat longer than the capsule ;
corolla white , yellow at the base : segments fimbriate at the margin and at the throat,
bearing a stalked gland at the base ; style nearly as long at the ovary : stigma subcapitate ;
capsule many -seeded: seeds globose, smooth. — Bescr. FI. 1. A 24. — Villarsia, Kth. Meny-
antlies indica, Aubl. — IIab. Jamaica!, all coll. ; [French islands; Mexico to South
Brazil !].

CXII. SCROPHULARINEiE.

Stamens inserted into the sympetalous, imbricative, usually 2-lipped corolla, didynamous
or two, rarely all 5-4 perfect. Ovary superior, syncarpous : cells 2, mostly many-ovulate.
Seeds albuminous. — Stem usually herbaceous ; leaves mostly exstipulate, often opposite ;
inflorescence usually racemose.

This Order affords mucilaginous or acrid drugs : venomous plants occur but rarely. Ca-
praria and Scoparia are used in the West Indies as stomachics, while the drastic properties
of Gratiola are represented by Herpestis Monnieria.

The line of demarcation between this and the following Order is artificial, and usually it
is so drawn as not to admit among Solanece a 2-lipped corolla or didynamous stamens. I
follow here A. Braun and Miers in excluding from Scrophularinea the group of Sa/pig/os-
sidece, which those botanists refer to Solanece : thus the character of the latter Order would
depend upon the corolla plaited in the bud, and the cymose, often extra-axillary inflorescence,
which in Broivallia is eminently Solanaceous. R. Brown’s opinion, developed in the Pro-
dromus, is evidently favourable to these views.

1. POLYPREMUM, L.

Calyx 4-partite : segments scarious at the border. Corolla regular, included, infundi-
bular, 4-fid. Stamens 4, equal, included, inserted into the lower part of the corolla-tube :
anthers subglobose. Style short: stigma capitate. Capsule loculicide. — A dichotomous,
annual herb ; leaves linear, entire, sheathing -opposite, glabrous, scabrous at the margin ;
flowers small, white, in a terminal cyme, sessile in each fork of its branches, supported by
opposite bracts.

This genus is anomalous by terminal flowers and by a slight adherence at the base of the
ovary ; it approaches Gentianece by having the leaves sheathing by a connecting membrane,
the calyx scarious, and the dichotomous cyme and habit of Cicendia or Erythema : but from
the imbricative estivation of the corolla, the central placentation, and the loculicide many-
sccdcd capsule, it is, as Mr. Bentham proposed, best placed next to Logania and Buddleja,
or in that portion of the artificial assemblage called Loqaniacecc, which gradually passes into
Scrophularinea; by Scoparia. With this latter genus Polypremum apparently was considered
to be a convener by Jacquin, if we suppose that he described the bracts as an inner pair of
quaternary leaves. From the insertion of the leaves it is much more distant from Rubiacea,
to which it was referred by former authors.

SCROPHULARINEiE.

427

1. P. procumbens, L., Lam. III. t. 71.— Scopnria, Jkcq— Stems crcspitose, 3"— 12"
long, somewhat scabrous at the angles ; leaves 4W— 12w, subulate calyx-segments 1 long;
corolla hairy at the throat : lobes half as long as the campanulate tube. — Hab. Jamaica !,
M‘Nab ; [Virginia to Texas!, Mexico, New Granada].

2. BUDDLEJA, L.

Calyx 4-lid. Corolla regular, infundibular or salver-shaped, 4-lid. Stamens 4, included,
inserted into the corolla-throat or below it, Style short : stigma ovoid, Capsule septicide.
— Woody (or herbaceous) plants, mostly icoolly by stellate down ; leaves opposite ; cymes
often contracted, usually in centripetal terminal panicles.

2. B. americana, L. Shrubby; branches and flowers tomentose; leaves ovate or
oblong, acuminate, serrulate, tapering into the petiole, puberulons and glabrescent above,
hoary-tomentose beneath ; panicle pyramidal : glomerules many-flowered, subsessile in
interrupted racemes ; corolla infundibular, included : lobes ovate-oblong, as long as the
tube; filaments short, inserted into the corolla-throat. — SI. t. 173 .f. 1. — B. occidentals,
It. P. — 5'-10' high ; leaves variable ; flowers 2"' long, yellow. — Hab. Jamaica !, Mac/., Pd.,
March, on river-banks ; [Cuba !, Texas !, aud California ! to Venezuela ! and Peru !]

3. SCOPAEIA, L,

Calyx 4-5-parlite. Corolla rotate, regular, 4-fid, hairy at the throat : upper lobe in-
terior in the hud. Stamens 4, equal, exserted, inserted into the corolla-throat. Stigma
blunt. Capsule septicide. — Branched herbs; leaves whorled or opposite, dotted; pedicels
fascicled-axillary, ebracteolate.

3. S. dtilcis, L. Annual, sufirutescent, glabrous; leaves ternary (4-2), lanceolate, ob-
long-lanceolate, or linear-lanceolate, usually serrate above the cuneate or tapering base ;
pedicels filiform, numerous, geminate, or solitary ; calyx 4-partite, exceeded by the sub-
globose capsule. — SI. t. 108./. 1. I) esc. FI. 2. 1. 106. — Stem erect, 1-3' high, very branched,
flowering often the whole length; pedicels half as long as the leaves; corolla 2"'diam., pale-
blue or white.

a. Leaves oblong-lanceolate or lanceolate, serrate above the cuneate base.

A. tenuifolia. Leaves linear-lanceolate, all or superior entire, long-tapering towards the
base.

Hab. Jamaica!, List., M‘Nab, March, a common weed (a, A) ; S. Kitts!, Antigua!,
Wullschl. ; Trinidad !, Or. ; [Florida !, Cuba ! and Mexico ! to Brazil ! and Peru 1 ; all tropi-
cal countries !].

4. CAPRARIA, L.

Calyx 5-partite. Corolla campanulate, regular, 5-fid: upper lip interior in the bud.
Stamens 4-5, included, inserted into the corolla-throat : anthers oblong, bifid at the base.
Stigma blunt. Capsule loculicide and septicide, 4-valved, — Sufirutescent herbs ; leaves
alternate, dotted ; pedicels axillary, usually geminate, ebracteolate,

4. C. biflora, L. Glabrescent or pilose ; leaves elliptical-lanceolate or elliptical-oblong,
coarsely serrate above the base ; stamens 4 ; capsule ovatc-subglobosc, equalling the calyx.
— Jacq. Amer. Piet. t. 174. JJesc. FI. 4. t. 300. — 2'-4' high, variable in the down, the
shape of (he leaves, and the length of the anthers ; corolla white, 4,,,-5'" long, usually twice
as long as the calyx.

a. Leaves glabrous or glabrescent.

A. pilosa. Branches densely pilose ; leaves pubescent.

IIab. Bahamas!, Ejalmars.; Turk Islands (A); Jamaica!, Mac/., Pd., List., common
everywhere; Antigua I, Fin/., Wullschl. (a), Dominica!, Imr., S. Vincent!, Guild.; Tri-
nidad !, Or, (A) ; [Key West ! and Mexico to Brazil ! and Peru ! ; Galapagos ! ; trop. Africa !].

5. C. mexicana, Moric. Glabrous, rarely pubescent; leaves lanceolate, acuminate,
serrulate above the middle, or subentire ; stamens 5 ; anthers often half as long as the
filaments; capsule ovoid-oblong, equalling the calyx. — 3,-4; high, slender ; corolla white,
4"'-5'", capsule 2"' long.— IIab. Jamaica!, At., M'Nab, Wils., March, S. Anns, S. Davids,
e.g. Four-miles Wood; [Mexico! to New Granada!].

2 p

428

SCROPHULARINEiE.

5*. VERONICA, L.

Calyx 4-5 (-3) -partite. Corolla rotate: litnb 4(-5)-partite, slightly unequal: lateral
segments exterior in the bud. Stamens 2, exserted, alternating with the upper corolla-lobe.
Stigma blunt. Capsule loculicide, rarely septicide. — Leaves mostly, or inferior only op-
posite : inflorescence racemose or axillary.

6*. V. serpyllifolia, L. Perennial, nearly glabrous (or pubescent) ; branches ascend-
ing ; leaves ovate-oblong, crenulate, lowest ovate-roundish, floral ones lanceolate, entire ;
raceme terminal, lax ; calyx 4-partite ; capsule compressed, roundish, broader than long,
bluntly emarginate. — FI. Ban. t. 492. — Branches l"-4" long ; corolla whitish or pale-blue.
— Hab. Naturalized iu the mountains of Jamaica ( Berter .) ; [a weed of both temperate and
cold zoues].

6. BUCHNERA, L.

Calyx tubular, 5 -dentate. Corolla salver-shaped: limb S-partite, nearly equal: upper
lobes interior iu the bud. Stamens didynamous, approximate in pairs, included : anthers
1-celled. Stigma blunt. Capsule loculicide. — Herbs, black in drying, slender; inferior
leaves opposite ; flowers in a terminal spike.

7. B. elongata, Sw. Annual, hispidulous-scabrous, simple or few-branched ; leaves
distant, lanceolate or linear, lowest broader, oblong or obovate-oblong, few-serrulate or
entire: veins delicate; spike interrupted; calyx half as long as the narrow corolla-tube,
thrice as long as the ovate bract : teeth ovate-deltoid ; capsule ovate, shortly exserted. —
Plum. Ed. Barm. t. 17- — 1'-2' high ; corolla purplish-blue : tube 4,,'-5'"I capsule 3"' long.
— Hab. Jamaica !, all coll., in savannahs, Clarendon, S. Anns ; [Haiti ! ; Georgia, Texas !
and Mexico 1 to Brazil 1].

8. B. longifolia, Kth. Annual, hispidulous-scabrous, simple or few-branched ; leaves
linear, quite entire, 'i-nerved: lateral nerves thick, prominent beneath; spike interrupted;
calyx about half as long as the narrow corolla-tube, 4-3 times as loug as the ovate bract :
teeth ovate-deltoid ; capsule ovoid, included within the calyx. — B. elougata, PI. Spruce.
3255.— Leaves equal, inferior narrower than in the preceding; corolla blue : tube 4'", cap-
sule 2'" long. — Hab. Trinidad!, Cr., in savannahs, S. Joseph, Piarco,' [Venezuela!, New
Granada],

7. GERARDIA, L.

Calyx campanulate, 5-dentate or 5-fid. Corolla campanulate-infundibular : lobes 5,
unequal, two upper ones interior in the bud. Stamens didyuamous, iucluded, hairy : anthers
approximate in pairs, 2-celled. Stigma flattened-blunt. Capsule loculicide. Scabrous-
pubescent herbs ; inferior leaves opposite ; flowers in a terminal raceme or spike.

9. G. hispidula, Mart. Annual, very scabrons-hispidulous ; leaves linear, quite eutire,
all opposite ; raceme very lax : pedicels filiform, much longer than the flower, 2-1-bracteo-
late about the middle ; calyx about half as long as the infundibular nearly glabrous
corolla-tube: teeth shortly subulate; capsule ovoid-globose, included.— Mart. Nov. Gen. 3.
t. 207.— l'-iy high, slender; leaves 1W', corolla 6"'-8'" long, rosy.— Hab. Jamaica!,
Wullsch., Manchester, Lititz-Savaunah ; [Guiana, Brazil],

8. ALECTRA, Thunb.

Calyx campanulate, 5-dcntate or 5-fid : lobes valvate. Corolla connivept-campanulatc
or subglobose, reticulated : limb 5-fid, oblique : two upper lobes exterior in the bud.
Stamens didynamous, included : anthers 2-celled. Style incurved : stigma flattened-blunt.
Capsule loculicide. — Annual, erect, scabrous herbs, parasitical on roots, ( like the txco pre-
ceding genera ) ; stem-leaves opposite, toothed; flowers in a terminal spiefiorm raceme.

10. A. brasiliensis, Benth. Hispid ; leaves subsessile, acuminate from the subcor-
date base, serrate dentate; raceme leafy ; calyx subglobose, broadly 5-dentate; corolla yellow,
included or shortly exserted— Fell. FI. Flum. G. t. 87— 1'-3' high, simple or few-
branched, variable in the raceme, either continuous or transformed into shortly pedicellate.

SCROPHULARINE/E.

429

axillary flowers. Calyx 4"'-5"' diam. ; corolla scarcely expanding.— Hab. S. Vincent I,
Guild. ; Trinidad 1, Lockh ., Cr., in moist savannahs and caueficlds ; [New Granada . and
Guiana ! to South Brazil !].

9. BEYRICIIIA, Cliam. Sp Sold.

Calyx 5-partite : upper segment broader. Corolla 2-lippcd : tube longer than the lips :
upper lip exterior in the bud. Stamens 2 (-4) : the two anthers connate by the connective,
dimidiate, 1-celled. Stigma flattened. Capsule-valves 2, seceding from the central placenta.
— Pubescent herbs ; leaves opposite ; flowers shortly pedicellate, axillary, or in leafy ra-
cemes.

11. B. scutellarioides, Benth. ! Diffuse; leaves elliptical, serrulate above the cuneate
base ; jloioers axillary : four anterior calyx-segments lanceolate, posterior ovate ; corolla
twice as long as the calyx ; posterior stamens abortive ; capsule septicide : valves at length
2-fid (or entire).— B. villosa, Benth. : a pilose form.— Decumbent, softly pubescent ; leaves
4" -12'", corolla 2"' long, pale-blue.— Hab. Trinidad 1, Lockh., Cr., very commou; [Vene-
zuela 1 to Brazil !].

10. STEMODIA, L.

Calyx 5-partite. Corolla 2-lipped : upper lip exterior in the bud. Stamens didyuamons :
anther-cells 2, distinct, diverging. Capsule 2-4-valved. — Branched herbs, usually glan-
dular ; leaves opposite or whorled ; flowers axillary or spicale.

12. S. maritima, L. Suffrutescent-decumbeut, viscous-pubescent; leaves opposite,
shortly oblong-lanceoiate, cordate, sessile, serrulate ; flowers subsessile, axillary ; calyx ex-
ceeding half the corolla : segments lanceolate-linear, subequal ; corolla divided to the middle :
upper lip subentire ; filaments 2-fid at the top : branches spreading, as long as or longer
than the anther-cells ; stigma capitate ; capsule 4-valved : valves seceding from the central
placenta. — SI. t. 110./. 2. Br. Jam. t. 22. f. 2: analyt. Jacq.Amer. Piet. t. 261./. 48 :
a leaf. — 1'-3' high, leafy, aromatic; stem-leaves often appressed, 10"'-4"' long; corolla 2'1'
long, pale-purple or blue. — ITab. Jamaica!, Pd., TPi/s., March, common in wet places along
the southern coast ; [Cuba 1 to Brazil !].

13. S. durantifolia , Sw. Herbaceous, erect, glandular ; leaves usually ternary (4-2),
lanceolaie-ohlong or linear-lanceolate, acuminate, contracted or tapering above the cordate
sessile base, serrate above ; flowers pedicellate, axillary or in an interrupted raceme ; calyx
'about half as long as the corolla: segments lanceolate-liuear, subequal; corolla-tube longer
than the lips: upper lip emargiuate ; anther-cells very shortly stipitate : stigma obliquely
dilated ; capsule 4-valved : valves seceding from the central placenta. — SI. t. 124./. 2.- —
Capraria, L. — 1'-3' high, less branched than the preceding; leaves spreading, 2"-8'" long;
corolla 3"'-4'" long, pale-blue.

a. Glandular and pilose with septate hairs ; leaves lanceolate-oblong or lanceolate, con-
tracted above the broader base, often dentate at the dilated base. — S. Berteroana, Benth. :
a racemose form.

£. angustifolia. Densely glandular, but devoid of eglandular hairs ; leaves lanceolate or
lanceolate-linear, gradually tapering above the slightly dilated entire base.

Hab. Jamaica !, all coll., common in cauefields and moist places (a, /3) ; Antigua 1, Lane,
Wul/schl. (a) ; [Cuba 1 and Mexico 1 to South Brazil !].

14. S. parviflora, Ait. Low, annual, diffuse, glandular-pubescent ; leaves opposite
(-4), ovate, blunt, crenale-serfaie above the cuneate long-pelioled base ; flowers shortly
pedicellate, axillary , calyx about half as long as the corolla : segments linear-acuminate,
equal; corolla-tube longer than the lips: upper lip emargiuate; anther-cells subsessile ;
stigma obliquely dilated ; capsule 4-valved : valves seceding from the central placenta. —
Kth. N. Gen. 2. t. 175. — S. arenaria, Kth. — 3"-6" high ; leaves 4"'-8'" long, the smaller
ones as long as the petiole; corolla 2'" long, pale-blue. — IIab. S. Vincent 1, Guild.; Trini-
dad 1, Lockh. ; [Haiti ; Mexico 1 to South Brazil 1 and Peru !].

11. CONOBEA, Aubl.

Calyx 5-partite, equal. Corolla 2-lipped: upper lip exterior in the bud. Stamens didy-

2 r 2

430

SCROPHULARINE7E.

namous : anthers approximate in pairs : cells 2, parallel. Stigma obliquely 2-lobed. Cap-
sule 2-4-valved : valves seceding from the central placenta.— Herbs ; leaves opposite ; pedi-
cels axillary, filiform.

IS. C. aquatica, Aubl . Decumbent, glabrcscent; leaves reniform-roundish, cuneate
above the subtruncate, sessile base, exceeded by the solitary pedicels, dotted ; capsule globose.
— Aubl. t. 268. — Stem tetragonal; leaves 6?"— 3',r diam., palmatinerved ; pedicels S"'-4"',
corolla 3"' long, pale-blue. — Hab. Trinidad !, Or., in wet places, Waterloo Estate; [Vene-
zuela, Guiana].

12. IIERPESTIS, G.

Calyx 5-partite, unequal : upper segment broader than the lateral ones. Corolla 2-lipped :
upper lip exterior in the bud. Stamens didynamous : anthers 2-celled. Capsule of Conobea.
— Herbs ; leaves opposite ; flowers axillary.

16. H. chamsedryoides, Kth. Annual, diffuse, decumbent, glabrous ; leaves ovate,
bluvtish, serrulate, uoinerved, shortly petioled, often exceeded by the filiform, ebracteolate
pedicel; broader calyx-segmeuts ovate or ovate-oblong, lateral lanceolate; corolla shortly
exserted, yellow : upper lip emarginate ; anther-cells roundish, diverging ; stigina blunt ;
capsule 2-valved. — H. chrysantha, Cham. H. cubensis, Pcepp. Lindernia dianthera, Sw. —
Black in drying ; stems and branches 3"-8", variable leaves 4"'-10"', pedicels at length
3m-8'", flowrers 4'" long — Hab. Jamaica!, Pd., in canefields, Manchester; Antigua!,
Nichols., Wullschl. ; Trinidad !, Loclch., Cr., common in moist places ; [Cuba !, Haiti ! ;
Texas ! and Mexico ! to Brazil ! and Peru !].

1 7- H. sessiliflora, Benth. Annual, erect, glabrous ; leaves lanceolate-linear, taper-
ing at both ends, serrulate above, uninerved, subsessile ; flowers subsessile ; broader calyx-
segments ovate or ovate-long, lateral lanceolate ; corolla very shortly exserted : upper lip
emarginate; anthers roundish: cells parallel ; stigma blunt; capsule 4-valved.— 8"-12"
high; leaves 12",-8',,> corolla 2"' long. — Hab. Jamaica!, Wullschl., Manchester at La-
covia ; [Mexico, Panama! to equat. Brazil],

18. H. repens, Cham. If Schl. Stem low, radicant, puberulous ; leaves oval, entire,
palmatinerved sessile, glabrescent, as long as or exceeding the bibracteolate pedicel ;
broader calyx-segments ovate, lateral lanceolate ; corolla shortly exserted, whitish : upper
lip emargiuate ; anther-cells oblong, parallel ; stigma 2-fid ; capsule 4-valved. — Sw. Ic. t. 3.
— Gratiola, Sw. — Stem flaccid, 2"-4" long: leaves 2"/-4'" (-8"'), flowers IV" long. — Hab.
Jamaica (Sw.), very rare in moist places ; [Haiti !, Portorico !, Guadeloupe ! ; Mexico, Vene-
zuela !, Brazil].

19. H. Monnieria, Kth. Stem diffuse, creeping, radicant below, glabrous; leaves
spathulate or obovate, subsessile, subentire : nerves uot conspicuous ; pedicels usually ex-
serted, bibracteolate at the summit ; broader calyx-segments ovate, lateral lanceolate ; corolla
twice as long as the calyx, pale-blue : upper lip deeply 2-fid ; anther-cells oblong, parallel ;
stigma capitate; capsule 4-valved. — SI. t. 129. f. 1. Br.Jam. t. 28. f. 3 : analyt. — Gratiola,
L. Monnieria Brownei, Pars. — Leaves somewhat succulent, 3"'-6"'long; corolla 6'" long:
lobes 6ubequal. — Hab. Bahamas!, Swains.; Jamaica!, Dist., Pd., March, common in
moist places; Trinidad!, Loclch., Or.; [United States I to Buenos Ayres ! ; trop. Africa,
Mascate ! to E^st Indies !, trop. Australia!, Pacific islands],

13. VANDELLIA, L.

Calyx 5-partite-5-deutate, equal. Corolla 2-lippcd : upper lip exterior in the bud.
Stamens didynamous: anterior filaments with a basilar tooth : posterior anthers cohering,
with the cells diverging. Capsule 2-valved : valves seceding from the central placenta.
Herbs ; leaves opposite, serrate ; pedicels axillary.

20. V. diffusa, L. Annunl, diffuse, pubescent ; leaves ovate, blunt, subsessile or
shortly petioled, serrate above the base ; calyx deeply 'a fid, longer than the short pedicel,
half as long as the oblong-linear, pointed capsule ; lobes lanceolate-acuminate ; appendage
of the anterior filaments obovate. — Leaves 6"1, corolla 2"', capsule 5"' long ; stigma 2-lamel-

]ate. Hab. Jamaica!, Macf.; Dominical, Imr. ; Trinidad!, Sieb. Tr. 170, Loclch., Cr. ;

[New Granada] to Brazil ! ; trop. Africa!, Madagascar !].

SOLANE/E.

431

14*. LIN ARIA, T.

Calux 5-partite. Corolla personate : tube spurred at the base: upper lip exterior m the
bufS didynamous: anther-cells oblong. Capsule opemng below the summit by
mi mite valves or pores.— Herbs ; upper or all leaves alternate; (lowers racemose or axillary.

21*. L. vulgaris, Mill. Perennial, erect, glabrous, glandular above ; leaves lanceo-
late-linear all alternate; flowers densely racemose, large, yellow: thioat of the coi olid
closed : spur subulate ; seeds broadly margined, tubercled at the centre — Corolla (the spur
included) ^about 1" long.— Hab. Naturalized in Jamaica 1, Wullscld. , Manchester; [a wee ,
introduced from Europe].

15. ANGELONIA, Bonpl

Calux 5 -fid or 5-partite. Corolla rotate, 2-lipped, saccate at the appendicdate throat.
Stamens didynamous : anthers 2-celled : cells diverging. Capsule loeulicide (rarely mde-
hiscent). — Herbs ; lower or all leaves opposite ; pedicels axillary or racemose.

22 A salicarifolia, Bonpl. Annual, erect, viscous-pubescent ; leaves oblong-linear,
pointed, rounded at the sessile base , serrulate ; flowers in a lax raceme ; lower corolla-lobes
oblong, blunt: appendage short; capsule globose, loeulicide to the hzsz.-~Mumb. Bonpl.
FI Equin. 2. t. 108.— Leaves l"-3" long ; corolla violet, 0 -S diam.— IIab. limidad.,
Sieb. Tr. 140, Sch. ; [Cuba, Portorico 1 ; Venezuela 1, New Granada!, Guiana].

23 A. angustifolia, Bentli. Auuual, erect, glabrous ; leaves lanceolate or linear-
lanceolate pointed, tapering into the subsessile base, remotely serrulate above or subentire ;
flowers in a lax raceme ; lower corolla-lobes obovate : appendage short ; capsule globose,
loeulicide to the base.— A. salicarifolia, v. jamaicensis, Bentli. /—Habit and most characters
of the preceding; corolla variable in size, often as large asm the preceding.— Hab. Ja-
maica!, Pd., Wi/s., Al., M‘Nab, Wullscld.; [Cuba!, Mexico!].

CXIII. SOLANEiE.

Character of Scrophularinem, but corolla plaited or induplicative in the bud, usually regu-
lar and inflorescence cymose, extra-axillary.— Leaves alternate (or geminate), exstipulale.

This Order is generally narcotic and poisonous, though yielding several eatable substances,
viz. the potato {Solatium tuberosum), the tomate (. Lycopersicum and Solatium Melongena ),
the berries of Physalis 'peruviana, tlie herbage of Sulanum nodiflorum , eaten as spinach.
The narcotic property, so important in the tobacco-plant ( Nicoiiana ), and in similar effec-
tive drugs, depends upon several alkaloids, e.g. atropiu {Datura), nicotin ( Nicotiaua ), so-
lemn ( Solatium ). The berries of the Spanish pepper {Capsicum) are highly acrid.

],. BROWALLIA, L.

Calyx 5-dentate or 5-fid. Corolla salver-shaped, plaited in the bud: lobes 5, emargiuate,
imbricative, superior exterior. Stamens didynamous, posterior shorter, with dimidiate
anthers. Stigma 2-lamellate. Capsule septicide : valves 2-lid. Embryo straight.— Annual
herbs; leaves entire ; flowers blue : pedicels extra-axillary, often in racemiform cymes.

1. B. demissa, L. Hairy or glabratc ; leaves ovate, petioled ; calyx unequally 5-
dentatc, half as long as the slender corolla-tube : teeth subacute, much shorter than their
tube; ovary hairy at the summit. — Bot. Mag. t. 1136.

a. Calyx-tube glabrous. — -B. nervosa, Mrs.

0. elongata, Kth. Calyx-tube pilose.

Hab. Jamaica!, M'Nab, Widlschl., March (a), Al. {0) ; Dominica !, Imr. (a); 'lrim-
dad !, Sieb. Tr. 205 (o), Cr. (0); [Haiti ; Panama! to Guiana! and equat. Brazil].

2. BllUNEELSIA, Sw.

Calyx 5-dentate or 5-fid. Corolla salver-shaped, plaited in the bud: lobes 5, slightly
unequal, rounded, imbricative, superior exterior. Stamens didynamous (-5, unequal) ;

432

SOLAN Edi.

anthers reniform, with confluent cells. Stigma 2-lipped. Pericarp baccate or capsular and
2-valved. Embryo incurved— Shrubs or low trees ; leaves entire ; pedicels in the West
Indian species usually solitary , terminal or lateral.

Sect. 1. Franciscea, Pohl. — Pericarp dry , capsular.

2. B. Hopeana, Benth. Glabrescent ; leaves elliptical, shortly pctioled ; calyx tubu-
lar, slightly dilated, 5-deutate, longer than the subsolitary pedicel : teeth oblong-lanceolate,
bluutish ; corolla blue : tube little longer than the calyx. — Bot. May. t. 2829.— B. Ho-
peana, var. pubescens, Benth. ! ( exclus . syn. Franciscem uuifloree, Pohl). — A shrub ; leaves

calyx 7"'-8"' long. — Hab. Trinidad !, Loclch., uucommon in the hills of Monos
Bocas ; [Brazil !].

Sect. 2. Eubrunfelsia. — Pericarp fleshy, nof or tardily dehiscent.

3. B. americana, Sw. Leaves elliptical, elliptical-oblong, or obovat c, petioled, veiny ;
calyx campanulate, 5- dentate , as long as the solitary pedicel : teeth rounded ; corolla pale-
yellow : tube 8-10 times as long as the calyx, thrice as long as the limb, often slightly
incurved above: lobes rounded, entire ; berry globose. — Sw. Obs.t. 4: the flower. Bot.
Mag. t. 393. — A low tree, 10'-15' high ; leaves li"-3", petiole 2'" long ; flowers odorous ;
calyx 3"', corolla-tube 2"-2|" long : corolla-limb 10"'-12"', berry 81" diam., the latter
yellow.

a. Glabrous ; leaves membranaceous, or at length somewhat leathery : petiole narrow.

0. pubescens. Branchlets rusty-pubescent ; leaves chartaceous, at length leathery, pu-
bescent or glabrate beneath : petiole thickish ; calyx pubescent or ciliate. — Besc. FI 2.
t. 76.

Hab. Jamaica !, At., Pd., in woods (a) ; S. Kitts ! (y8), Auiigua !, Wullschl. (a) ; [Cuba !
to French islauds !, /3 on the arid shore],

4. 3S. jamaicensis, Gr. Leaves lanceolate-oblong, bluntly pointleted, petioled, veiny ;
calyx campanulate, 5- dentate , puberulous or ciliate, as long as the approximate or solitary
pedicels : teeth rounded ; corolla yellow : tuhe 9-1 2 times as long as the calyx, twice as
long as the limb, straightish : lobes rounded, entire. — Bot. Mag. t. 4287. — B. nitida, var.
jamaicensis, Benth. ! — Didynamous stamens as in the preceding, but the flowers large as in
the following species. Branchlets puberulous, glabrate ; leaves membranaceous, at length
leathery, 6"-3" long, 20"'-12"' broad : petiole channelled, 2"'-3'" long ; calyx 3"'-4'",
corolla-tube 3"-3£" long; corolla-limb 2"-2^" diam. — IIab. Jamaica!, Mac/., Pd., March,
Wullsclil., Portland Gap, Manchester.

5. B. fallax, Buchass. Glabrous; leaves elliptical or elliptical-oblong, bluntish,
petioled, veiny ; calyx campanulate, 5- dentate , -|-i as long as the solitary pedicel : teeth
rounded; corolla yellow: tube 10-12 times as long as the calyx, thrice as long as the
limb, straightish: lobes rounded, entire; stamens 5. — A tree, 20' high, or higher; leaves
chartaceous, 2"-3", petiole 2"', calyx 3'", corolla-tube 3"-2i" long : diameter of the corolla-
limb 2". — Hab. Dominical, Imr., Finl.j Trinidad 1, Sieb. Tr. 26; [Guadeloupe!].

6. B. nitida, Benth. Glabrous; leaves elliptical or obovale, tapering into a short

petiole, or subsessile, veiny ; calyx campanulate, deeply 5 -jid beyond the middle, as long as
or shorter than the approximate or solitary pedicels : lobes oblong, bluntish or subacute ; co-
rolla white : tube 10-12 times as long as the calyx, 5 times as long as the limb, straightish :
lobes rounded, entire. — B. parvifolia, Rich. — Leaves 1 calyx 4" -5'", corolla-lube 4"

long : diameter of the corolla-limb H". — LIab. Naturalized in Jamaica !, March ; [Cuba !].

7. B. undulata, Sw. Glabrous; leaves lanceolate-oblong, subacute, contracted into
the short petiole or subsessile : veins inconspicuous beneath; calyx campanulate, h-dentale-
repand, as long as or longer than the approximate or solitary pedicels : teeth rounded,
broader than long; corolla whitish: tube 16 limes as long as the calyx, 6 times as tong as
the limb, slightly incurved: lobes rounded, undid ate-crenate ; berry large, subglobose. —
Bot. Reg. 3. t. 228 : distinguished from Swartz’s description by yellow flowers. — A tree,
20' high; leaves leathery, 6"-3" long, 18,"-9'" broad: petiole scarcely 2'" long, broad,
channelled ; calyx 3"', corolla-tube 4" long: diameter of the corolla-limb 16"', of the hard,
greyish berry 1"-1£". — Hab. Jamaica !, Pd., M'Nab, on rooks, along the sea-coast, S.
Marys, S. Anns.

SOLANExE.

433

3. SOLAND1LA, Sw.

Calyx tubular, unequally divided, at length unilaterally cleft |°^e baS^L
Corolla infundibular, plaited above in the bud : tube cylindrical below
cative Stamen 5, incurved, inserted into the inferior part of the corolla4ube anmeis
2-celled, erect. SUgma 2-lobed-capitate. Berry 4-celled. Embryo , mcnrved.-Scandent,
woody plants ; leaves entire, petioled; flowers terminal, usually soldaug, huge.

8 S e-randiflora, Sw. Leaves elliptical or elliptical-oblong-; flowers shortly pedicel-
late • calyx 3-4 -fid, one-third as long as the corolla, equalling the cylindrical
tube; corolla greenish-white : lobes rounded, mululate-crenulateone^
long as the tube; stamens included; berry ovoid-globose, pointed. Sw. FI. t. *

Desc Ft. 3. t. 174. Bot. Mag. t. 1874.— S. mtida, Zuccagn S. macrantha, Bun A
small tree or shrub, with trailing branches : the West Indian form glabrous ; leaves 2,

5", calvx 34"-2", corolla 7"-l 0" long : transverse diameter of its lobes - -ia ■ Wab.
Jamaica !, Pd., AL, Wullschl., scandfit and rooting on trees and ^ rocks, Manchester, S.
Auns, e.g. in the ravine of Ockorios; [Cuba; Mexico, Guatemala ew

zuela !, Brazil !]. ’

9. S. longifiora, Tuss. Glabrous ; leaves elliptical-oblong, lanceolate-oblong, or o o-
vate'-oblong ; flowers shortly pedicellate; calyx 3-4(5-2)->!, one-fourili as long as the
corolla, half as long as the cylindrical part of its tube which is campanula^ above ;
corolla white, with a purplish tinge : lobes rounded, undulate-dentate one-twetlthaslong
as the tube; stamens included; berry globose, mucronate.-Km. -F/. 2. t. 12. M.MW-
t. 4345. — S. Levis, Hook. : a form with a 2-fid calyx.— Leaves 2% -4 , calyx 32 -3 .corolla
12" long : transverse diameter of its lobes 2\"-2", of the berry 14 . Hab. Jamaica (Tuss.) ,
[Cuba !].

10. S. minor, Gr. ( n . sp). Glabrous : leaves elliptical, pointed ; flowers shortly pedi-

cellate; calyx 4 — 5 f d, exceeding half the corolla, twice as long as the cylindrical part of
its tube: lobes obloug, blunt or mucronate; corolla-lobes rounded entire, one-sixth as
long as the tube, which is nearly as long as the stamens.— Leaves 4 -3 , petiole lo 8 ,
calyx 3", corolla 5" long : transverse diameter of its lobes 8-10 ; anthers oblong, blunt,

pale, as in the two preceding species. — Hab. Dominica!, Imr.

4. MARCKEA, Rich.

Calyx 5-partitc. Corolla infundibular or salver-shaped, plaited in the hud : lobes inibi'i-
cative Stamens 5, inserted into the inferior part of the corolla-tube : anthers 2-celled.
Stigma capitate. Berry “ 2-celled.”— Scandent, glabrous shrubs; leaves entire, petioled;
pedicels single, or in few-flowered corymbiform cymes.

11. M. longiflora, Mrs.! Leaves elliptical or elliptical-oblong, poiutleted ; calyx-
seaments broadly ovate-oblong , cuspidate, one-third as long as the corolla ; corolla infundi-
bular : tube campanulate-cylindrical, contracted below the middle into the narrowly cylin-
drical base : lobes roundish, one-sixth as long as the tube. — Leaves 8"-5", petiole 0' long;
calyx spreading-erect : segments 10'" long, 4"'-5'" broad; corolla 24" long: tube 5"' diain.
above, 1"' below its stricture.— Hab. Trinidad !, Pd., ou trees, Laguna de Orapouchc.

5. DATURA, L.

Calyx tubular, 5-dcntatc or -cleft, at length circumscissile at the base. Corolla infundi-
bular, plaited in the hud : limb twisted-conduplicative. Stamens 5, inserted iuto the corolla-
tube.’ Stigma 2-lamellate. Capsule 4-valved, 2-celled : cells partitioned. Embryo in-
curved.— Herbaceous or woody plants; leaves petioled, usually dentate; flowers solitary
in the bifurcations of the stem.

12*. 13 . suave ole ns, llumb. Bonpl. Arborescent, pubcrulous or glabrcsccut ; leaves
ovate or ovate-oblong, pointed, entire; flowers large, white, nodding; calyx ventricose,
5-dentate (or -cleft), shorter than half the corolla; corolla-limb produced into 5 short
subulate teeth, tube cylindrical below, campanulate above ; anthers cohering, linear ; cap-
sule unarmed .- llrugmansia, G. Lon. D. arborea, Hort. (non L.). D. Gardneri, Hook. !

434

S0LANE2E.

6'-l°' high; corolla 12M0" anthers 14" long.— Hab. Naturalized in Antigua!, Wullschl.,
o. Vmccnt !, Guild.; [Cuba! to Brazil!].

13 D. Me tel L Annual, softly pubescent; leaves ovate, few-dentate or entire:
catyx ioose 5-dentate about half as long as the whitish corolla; corolla-limb spreading,
shortly 10-dentate: tube subcylmdncal ; anthers distinct, oblong ; capsule echinate-prickly,
pendulous.— Dot. May t. 1440 — Corolla 6", anthers long ; capsule-prickles subuB-
form, 6 -8"' long.— Hab .Antigua I, Wullschl., a weed; [Haiti! and Mexico! to Brazil;
opain ! and Canary Islands ! to trop. Africa !].

14*. D. fastuosa, L. Annual, glabrescent ; leaves ovate, repand, or few-dentate-
calyx 5-dentate, one-third as long as the violet-tinged (or white) corolla ; corolla-limb
0 -dentate, otten duplicate, spreading, gradually passing into the subcylindrical tube: teeth
tony-subulate ; anthers distinct, linear-oblong ; capsule muricate, pendulous .- prickles short,
tubercuhform.-/^/^, [c. t. 1396,-Corolla 6"-7", anthers 6'", capsule-prickles about
t long^ilAB. Naturalized in S. Kitts!, Antigua!, Nichols., Wullschl., Barbadoes !,
lhnl. ; [East Indies !, trop. Africa !].

15. D. Tatula, L. Annual, glabrescent ; leaves ovate, sinuate-dentate; calyx 5-den-
tate, half as long as the violet corolla ; corolla-limb vo-dentate , spreading, gradually passing,
into the cylindrical tube -, teeth subulate-filiform; anthers distinct, oblong ; capsule echi-
nate-prickly, erect .- prickles equal, snbuliform.— Desc. Ft. 3. 1. 173— D. Stramonium
0, Kch. Stem red ; corolla 3"-4", anthers 2|"', eapsule-pricldes 4"'loug.— Hab. Jamaica!,’
Jlr ullschl., a weed ; [tropical and temperate couutries of the globe],

16. D. Stramonium, L. Annual, glabrescent ; leaves ovate, sinuate-deutale ; calyx
5-dentate, halt as loug as the white corolla ; corolla-limb 5- dentate , spreading, gradually
passing into the cylindrical tube: teeth subulate-filiform: anthers distinct, oblong ; capsule
echinate-prickly : superior prickles much shorter than the inferior ones. — Stem green ;
corolla 2i"-3", anthers 2"', superior capsule-prickles 4"', inferior 2"' long.— Hab. Jamaica,
a weed ; Antigua!-, WicllschL, S. Vincent !, Guild.; [both temperate and tropical zones of
the globe],

6. NICOTIAN A, L.

Calyx tubular, 5-fid or 5-dentate, persistent. Corolla infundibular or salver- shaped, plaited
in the bud : limb twisted-condupllcative. Stamens 5, included, inserted into the inferior
part of the corolla-tube. Stigma 2-lobed-capitate. Capsule 2-celled, septicide : valves
2-fid. Embryo slightly incurved. — Herbaceous, rarely woody, usually glandular-viscous
plants ; leaves subentire ; cymes terminal, corymbform or racemiforin.

17 M. pusilla, L. Annual; leaves lanceolate and lanceolate-linear, sessile, the inferior
elliptical, tapering at the base ; cyme divided-racemiform ; calyx 5-fid, one-third as long as
the greenish-yellow corolla: lobes equal, lanceolate-linear; corolla infundibular: tube
f.Hform-clavate, contracted below the short lanceolate-acuminate lobes ; capsule at length
shortly exserted. — Mill. Ic. t. 185./. 2 : diminished in size, but stated to be 1' high in the
description— N. angustifolia, B. P. (Ft. Peruv. t. 130), probably the same, bat both names
badly chosen, as the plant attains a height of more than 2] and the inferior leaves are very
broad. — Corolla li,,-l,| long : tube 1"', below the upper stricture 2'" diam— Hab. Ja-
maica !, March ; [Mexico to Peru !].

18*. N. Tabacum, L. Annual; leaves oblong-lanceolate, pointed, sessile, inferior
decurrent ; cyme corymbiform ; calyx 5-fid, one-third as long as the red corolla : lobes
ovate-lanceolate, subequal; corolla infundibular : tube clavate, not constricted: lobes

5./. 1. Desc. FI. 6.
cultivated in all the

deltoid-subulate, spreading ; capsule shortly exserted. — Mill. Ic. t. IS
A 413. — Corolla 2" long. — IIab. Naturalized in Antigua!, Wullschl.,
islands; [original habitat unknown].

7. ACNISTUS, Schott.

Calyx campanulate, 5(-4<)-crenate. Corolla infundibular: lobes 5(-4)-valvate, slightly
induplicative. Stamens inserted into the inferior part of the corolla-lube : anthers creel,
longitudinally dehiscent. Stigma emarginate-capitate. Berry small, 2-eelled. Embryo
curved. — Shrubs or low trees; leaves entire ; flowers fascicled, lateral, odorous.

SOLANEjE.

435

19 A. arborescens, Schlecht. Unarmed; leaves elliptical or emptical-oblong,
pointed at both ends, petioled, glabrate, the younger ones hoary-pubescent j coioUa white

U*«*r “ ihe ^ tin Jxt6 7“ "1^3.

iwJSL, Kumhri. Mr,., ‘,.rai«on,s, Mr, /;

other forms, distinguished by authors, prove quite identical, the length of the stamens
depending upon the state of development. — 8-10 high; leaves 8 2 , calyx ^ ’

corolla o'" long, its bluut recurved lobes usually pubescent along the margin i^y'°'>
size of a pea— Hab. Jamaica !, Pd., Wils., common in the mountains, from 2000 up\\ aids
to 5000' alt. ; S. Vincent 1, Guild. ; [French islands ! ; Mexico, Venezuela !, New Granada .,
Brazil !, Peru].

8. WITHERINGIA, L’Her., Kth. {non Mart., non Mrs.)

(Sicklera, Sendtn. Fregirardia, Dan. Brachistus, Mrs.)

Calux small, campanulate, truncate or minutely 4-5-dentate. Corolla subrotate : limb
4-5-partite, valvate. Stamens 4-5, inserted into the corolla-throat : anthers erect, longi-
tudinally dehiscent. Stigma capitate or emarginate- capitate. Berry small, 2-celled.— but-
frutesceut herbs or shrubs; leaves usually entire ; pedicels fascicled or single, usually be-
tween geminate leaves. . . , , , . . , , ■ , .

Mr Miers has well remarked, that this genus is nearly related to Acnistus, which is
chiefly distinguished by its longer corolla-tube. But according to the law of priority, the
names proposed by that author are objectionable, as from L’Heritier’s figure the identity of
his genus with Brachistus is evident. Sarracha, R. P. (with the exclusion of S. punctata,
or Pcecilochroma, Mrs.), has the excrescent calyx of Phy sails, though in a lesser degree :
hence Witheringia, Mrs., is to be named Athencea, Sendtu.

20. W. macrophylla, Kth. Suffrutescent, glabrescent; leaves membranaceous, ovate-
oblong, pointed, entire ; pedicels numerous, cernuous, as long as the shorter, half as long as
the longer petiole of the unequal leaf-pair; calyx truncate ; corolla-lobes 4, oblong-linear,
twice or thrice as long as the shortly clavate tube ; filaments bearded, much shorter than
the anthers which are exceeded by the style : stigma capitate.— Brachistus, Mrs.— Larger
leaves 8"-4", smaller 3"-lV', pedicels 8"'-4'", calyx corolla-lobes 2£"-3'", anthers

1"' lonv ; berry red, globose, 2'" diain. — Hab. Jamaica!, Wils., in mountain-woods at
Manchioneal ; [New Granada].

9, PHYSALISj L.

Calyx 5-fid, inflated like a bladder around the included berry. Corolla shortly campanu-
late ; limb plaited in the bud. Stamens 5, included, inserted into the inferior part of the
corolla: anthers erect, longitudinally dehiscent. Stigma capitate. Berry 2-celled. Em-
bryo curved. — Herbs ; leaves petioled ; pedicels solitary in the bifurcations of the stem, or
lateral : flowers pale-yellow in the West Indian species.

21. P. peruviana, L. Perennial, villous-pubescent ; leaves cordate or ovate, sharply
pointed, lew-toothed or entire; calyx-lobes lanceolate-acuminate: keels of the bladder
obsolete ; corolla (6W-8W long,) purple-spotted within ; anthers violet. — Bot. Mag.
t. 1068. — P. pubescens, R. Br. ( non L. Cliff.). P. edulis, Sims. — IIab. Barbadoes (Afe.) ;
[New Granada! to Peru ! and Brazil, naturalized iu many warm countries of the globe].

22. P. pubescens, L. Cliff., Ns. Annual; stem pubescent ; leaves ovate or subcor-
date, pointed, toothed-sinuate or subentire ; calyx-lobes lanceolate-acuminate : bladder
5 -angular ; corolla (3'"-4'" long,) purple-spfitted within ; anthers violet. — Jacq. Ic.Rar.
t. 39. — P. barbadensis, Jacq. P. hirsuta, Bun. — IIab. Barbadoes {Jacq.), a weed; [French
islands ; United States! to Brazil, naturalized in other tropical countries].

23. P. foetens, Pair. Annual, viscous-pubescent, diffuse; leaves deltoid-ovate, coarsely
angular-toothed; calyx-lobes lanceolate-acuminate : angles of the bladder narrow, at length
obsolete ; corolla (4'" long,) pale: limb spreading; anthers violet. — Barrel. Ic. 151.
Our specimens disagree with Nces’s description {Linncea, vi. p. 409) in having smaller leaves,

436

S0LANE7E.

and smaller, spotless flowers : Barrelier’s figure is tolerable. — IIab. Antigua !, Wullschl. ;
[Guadeloupe !, a weed ; Mexico] .

24. P. minima, L., Ns. Annual, pubescent; leaves subcordate or ovate, poitilleted,
subentire, or toothed ; calyx-lobes lanceolate-acuminate : bladder 'a -angular, corolla (2"'
long), gale; anthers yellow. — llhecd. Malab. 10. t. 71. — P. pruinosa, L. ex desc. (excites,
syn. Dill.). Linuajus’s description is quite clear (“ anther® flav®, calyx fructifer 5-angulus”),
and the erroneous quotation of Dillenius’s figure was added at a later period. — IIab. Trini-
dad !, Cr. ; [East Indies!, trop. Africa].

25. P. liinkiana, Ns. Annual, glabrescent ; leaves ovate, pointed, coarsely serrate-
dentate or remotely toothed ; calyx-lobes lanceolate-acuminate : keels of the bladder obso-
lete, or none ; corolla (4"' long), pale, or slightly tinged at the throat; anthers violet. —
Moris. 3. sect. 13. I 3 ,f. 22. — Hab. Jamaica!, Al., List., a weed; Antigua!, Wullschl.,
Dominica !, Imr. ; [Cuba ! to French islands ! ; southern United States to Brazil],

26. P. angulata, L. Annual, glabrescent ; leaves ovate or ovate-oblong, pointed,
sinuate-dentate or subentire; calyx-lobes deltoid: bladder sharply ^-angular ; corolla
(4"' long), entirely pale ; anthers violet. — Bill. E/th. t. 12./. 12. — P. capsicifolia, Dun.!
ex Sieb. Mart. 69. — Hab. Jamaica ( Lun .) : [Virgin and French islands! ; United States!
to Brazil ! ; East Indies].

10. CAPSICUM, L.

Calyx 5 -dentate or subentire. Corolla rotate : limb plaited, with valvate lobes. Stamens
5, inserted into the corolla-throat : anthers longitudinally dehiscent. Stigma blunt. Berry
2(-3)-celled. Embryo curved. — Shrubs or herbs ; leaves subentire; pedicels fascicled, or
single in the bifurcations of the stem, or lateral ; flowers whitish in the West Indian
species, with verdigris-green anthers.

27- C. frutescens, L. Shrubby; leaves ovate, pointed, glabrous; calyx at length
truncate, 10-nerved, tapering into the thickened pedicel; berry elongated-conical. — Desc.
FI. 6. t. 423. — C. baccatum, Desc. ( non LI). — Berry red, or yellow, 6"'-12'" long. — Hab.
Jamaica; S. Kitts !, Els., Antigua!, Wullschl.; [all tropical countries].

28. C. baccatum, L. Shrubby; leaves ovate, pointed, glabrescent; calyx ^-dentate,
abruptly passing into the slender, erect pedicel ; berry small, globose or ovoid-globose. — SI.
t. 246./. 2. — C. laurifolium, Lun. — Berry red, 3",-4'" diam. — Hab. Antigua!, Wullschl.,
Dominica !, Imr. ; [all tropical countries],

11. LYCOPERSICUM, T.

Calyx 5-partite. Corolla rotate : limb deeply 5-fid, plaited in the bud, with indnplicative
lobes. Stamens 5, inserted into the corolla-throat : filaments short : anthers cohering,
longitudinally dehiscent along the interior side. Stigma blunt. Berry 2(-3)-celled. Em-
bryo curved. — Annual herbs; leaves pinnatisecl : segments unequal; flowers cymose, lateral.

29. Li. Humboldtii, Lun. Pilose; leaves interruptedly pinnatisect : larger segments
inciso-serrate, with a deltoid point ; pedicels ebraeteolate ; calyx half as long as the corolla ;
berry globose. — Willd. Hort. t. 27. Jacq. IT. Find. t. 11. Lesc. FI. 5. i. 378. — Solauum
Lycopersicuin, Jacq. — In the cultivated L. esculent-urn, Mill. (Desc. FI. 6. t. 405 ; 5. t. 377),
the leaf-segments are more acuminate, and the calyx exceeds half the corolla : the larger size
and irregularity of its berries is (as in Capsicum) the effect of monstrosity, and said to be
wanting in the wild plant ( L . cerasiforme, Dun.). — Flowers yellow ; berry red, 4'"-6',, diam.
— IIab. Jamaica!, Wullschl.; [Mexico to Brazil] .

12. SOLANUM, L.

Corolla rotate: limb 5(9-4)-fid, plaited at the base, or 5(9-4)-partit,c : divisions valvate
or indnplicative. Stamens 5 (9-4), inserted into the corolla-throat : filaments short : an-
thers connivent (rarely cohering), devoid of a prominent connective, dehiscent by 2 pores
(or at length longitudinally). Stigma blunt. Berry 2(-4) -celled. Embryo curved.

S0LANE2E.

437

Sect 1. Megaloporus, Sendtn. — Anthers ovate-oblong or oblong, blunt: gores large, in-
trorse-terminal, often at length passing into longitudinal slits— Stem unarmed ; floweis
cymose.

* Stem herbaceous.

30 S. nodiflorum, Jacq. Annual, glabrescent : leaves ovate, cimeatc at the petioled
base, entire, or sinuate-dentate; cymes lateral, umbetliform, peduncled ; corolla b-fid, twice
as long as the b-fid calyx ; filaments glabrous : anthers shortly oblong, at length longitudi-
nallv dehiscent ; berry globose : calyx at length reflexed.— Jacq. Ic. Bar. t. . a large-
leaved form of o.— This weed in the tropics represents S. nigrum, L., ot the temperate zones
which latter is slightly distinguished by the calyx merely spreading from the hunt, and
villous filaments : both are equally variable, and the said characters, proposed by A. Biauu,
require further confirmation.

a. Leaves entire ; berry black. — S. earibeeum , Bun. .n. G

0. oleraceum, Dun. Leaves sinuate-dentate ; berry black.— Desc. hi. b. t. 4U4.— S.

chenopodioides, Desc. .

y. rubram, MiU. Leaves sinuate-dentate; berry red.— S. erythrocarpum, Meg. hsseq. l:

a form with entire leaves. nr it ir ra , c

Hab. Jamaica!, Macfl, Dist., March ((3); Antigua!, Nichols., Wullschl. {0, y) 5>.
Vincent !, Guild. (7) ; Trinidad !, Sch., Or. (/3, 7) ; [dl tropical countries, a, e.g. in Luba !
and the French islands!].

** Stem woody.

f Leaves glabrous, or nearly so.

31. S. Seaforthianum, Andr. Shrubby, trailing, glabrous or early glabrate ; leaves
ovate, pointed, entire, petioled, inferior, or all pinnately divided : lateral segments smaller,
1-2-jugal ; cymes pedunc.led, lateral, paniculate : pedicels diverging ; calyx small, minutely
5- dentate ; corolla deeply b-fid: segments ovate ; anthers ovoid; style incurved; berry
globose, yellowish-red. — Bol. Bep. t. 504.— S. venustum, Kth. — Leaves, or their terminal
segments 3"-lV', calyx 1"' long ; corolla pale-red or lilac, 5"'-6'", berry 4"' diam. — Hab.
Jmnaica 1 ; S. Vincent !, Guild., Barbadoes ; Trinidad !, Cr. ; [Venezuela, Guiana !].

32. S. triste, Jacq. Shrubby, glabrous ; leaves elliptical-oblong or oblong-lanceolate,
pointed, entire, petioled, usually geminate : one in the pair smaller : vein-axils hairy beneath
or glabrate; cymes pedimcled, lateral, scorpioid-nodding ; calyx small, 5-fid; corolla
b -partite : segments ovate-oblong, pointed; anthers ovoid-oblong, half as long as the
corolla-segmeuts ; berry globose. — Jacq. Amer. Piet. t. 49. Desc. Ft. 3. t. L 85.— S. nu-
dum, Kth., Dun. ! S. bevigatum, Kth., a form with the pedicels less numerous. S. rni-
cranthum, W. sec. Schlecht. PI. Mafic. ! — A common species, variable in the breadth of
the leaves, the form of the usually blunt, small calyx-lobes, and the style straight or curved :
the allied S. oblongum, K. P. (S. ’triste, Kth.), has longer anthers, and the corolla-segments
villous at the margin.— Leaves black in drying, 5"-3",. peduncles 8"'-2'", longer pedicels 6'",
calyx l"'long; corolla white, 6"'-4"', berry 6",-4'" diam., “yellow.” — Hab. Jamaica!,
Dist., March ; S. Vincent !, Guild. ; Trinidad !, Sieb. Tr. 22 and 309 ; [Cuba !, Martinique ;
Mexico!, Venezuela !, New Granada!, Peru!].

33. S. acropterum, Gr. (n. sp.). Shrubby, glabrous ; leaves ovate-oblong or oblong,
with a bluutish point, entire, petioled ; cymes terminal, at length lateral, fastigiate or few-
(lowered -. pedicels winged, with the wings long-decurrent from the calyx ; calyx half as
long as the corolla, deeply b-fid: lobes oblong-linear, twice as long as their tube ; corolla
b-fid: lobes bluntly -deltoid ; anthers oblong; berry ovoid-globose. — Leaves solitary or
approximate, chartaceous, 5"-3" long, arch-veined: petiole 8"'-4"' long ; cymes shortly pe-
duncled : pedicels 8"'— 10'” long : wings f" broad at the top, passing into the middle nerves
of the calyx ; calyx 2$'" long ; corolla glabrous, 8"' diam. : lobes as long as the obconical
tube; anthers 1 2" long ; style straight: stigma capitate ; berry 5m long, 4W broad, black
in drying. — Hab. Jamaica !, Waters, Wils., Betty Hope’s Estate, near Manchioucal, at
2500' alt.

ft Leaves lepidote.

34. S. punctulatum, Dun. ‘ Arboreous; branchiate densely lepidote with yellowish

438

SOLAN E7E.

scales; leaves elliptical or ovate, pointleted, petioled, entire or repand, dotted above with
muiute scales, usually move densely lepidote beneath ; cvmes terminal or lateral, long-
peduncled : pedicels fastigiate, thickened above, lepidote', as well as the flowers ; calyx
4-lobed, much shorter than the corolla : lobes roundish-deltoid ; corolla 4- partite • la-
ments ovate-oblong, bluntish ; anthers oblong.— A tree or shrub, 30' high; leaves 6"-4"
petiole S '-6 long ; cymes irregularly dichotomous, 6-12-flowered : pedicels spreading or
cernuous, 4"'-5" , calyx l|'"-2"', anthers 2'" long ; corolla 10"'-8'"diam.— Hab. Jamaica!,
Pd., Wils., Macf ,, Portland Gap, Manchester, iu moist woods near Mandavilie.

Sect. 2. Pi.agioporUs, Anthers oblong, blunt : pores forming transverse slits, inlrorse-
terminal or terminal. Stem unarmed ; down stellate ; cymes corymbiform, peduncled
usually terminal.

35. S. Radula, V. Shrubby, scabrous, with sessile stellate down ; leaves lanceolate ,
acuminate at both ends, subsessile, or tapering into a short petiole, entire, greenish on both
sides : hair-fascicles somewhat distant ; cymes terminal or lateral, long-pednncled : flowers
slellate-tomeutose ; calyx b-lobed, half as long as the corolla : lobes ovate, blunt ish ; corolla
deeply b-fid: lobes ovate bluntish; anthers oblong: pores transverse, iutrorse ; stvle in-
flexed ; berry “ globose.”— Miq. Sarin, t. 3S.— Leaves 6"-3" long, 12"'-8'" broad calyx
la', anthers 1'" long ; corolla white, 4'" diam. — Hab. Trinidad!, Cr. , common; [Cuba,
Freuch islands ; Venezuela !, Guiana !, Brazil !].

36. S. asperum, V. Shrubby, scabrous with sessile stellate down ; leaves elliptical
or elliptical-oblong, pointleted, tapering into the winged petiole, entire, greenish, paler
beneath: hair-fascicles distinct; cymes terminal, long-peduncled : flowers stellate-tomeu-
tose ; calyx broadly 5- dentate , less than half as long as the corolla : teeth deltoid, half as
long as their tube; corolla deeply 5 -fid: lobes ovate-oblong, pointed,; anthers oblong :
pores transverse, introrse ; style incurved ; berry “ globose.”— Dun. Solan, t. 7— 10'- 12'
high; leaves S"-6" long, 2 i"-2" broad : petiole 12"'— S'" long, winged to the base ; calyx
2"’, anthers 1'" long ; corolla 6'" diam.— Hab. Dominica !, Imr. ; [Cuba to French islands ;
Guiana !, Brazil !].

37. S. c allic arpifolium, Kth. Shrubby, scabrous and tomentose above with stipiiate
and sessile stellate down; leaves elliptical, sharply pointed, tapering into the petiole, en-
tire, scabrous- wrinkled and green above, hoary-tomentose beneath; cymes terminal, or at
length lateral, long-pednncled: flowers stellate-tomentose ; calyx 5-/rf, half as long as the
corolla: lobes deltoid ; corolla 5 -fid : lobes ovate-oblong, bluntish ; anthers broadly oblong :
pores transverse, iutrorse; style incurved above; berry globose. — S. asperum, Sieb. Tr. 20
(non V.). — Leaves 6"-2" long, 3"-l" broad : petiole 12'"— 4'" long, rarely winged to the
base; calyx 2'", anthers 1'" long; corolla 5'". berry 4'" diam., the latter black in drying. —
IIab. S. Vincent!, Guild.; Trinidad!, Sieb., Loc/ch., Cr., S. Anns; [Cuba!; Mexico!,
Panama !, Guiana !].

38. S. verbascifolium, I. Shrubby, wholly tomentose; leaves ovate, pointed, ab-

ruptly passing into the petiole, entire : down soft, hoary beneath ; cymes terminal, long-
peduncled : flowers hoary-tomentose ; calyx b-fid, half as long as the corolla : lobes deltoid ;
corolla 'b-partite: lobes ovate-oblong, bluntish ; anthers oblong : pores transverse, terminal ;
style straightish; berry globose. — Jacg. H. Find. 1. t. 13. Wight, Ic. t. 1398.— A shrub
or low tree, 8'— 12' high, variable in the leaves, greenish or yellowish-grey above, in the
down yellowish or hoary, appressed or spreading ; leaves 10"-3", petiole calyx 2"'-

3'", anthers 1"' long : corolla white, 4"'-6'", berry 4"' diam. — FIab. Jamaica!, all coll.;
Trinidad !, Sieb. Tr. 21 ; [Key West !, Cuba !, and Mexico 1 to Brazil ! ; Galapagos ! to East
Indies !].

Sect. 3. Micitoroiuis, Sendtn. — Anthers ovate-oblong or oblong, with minute pores at the
bluntish point. — Stem unarmed ; flowers iu lateral, simply umbelliform or cymbiform
cymes, or solitary.

* Calyx-divisions 5 (Lycianlkes, Dun.).

39. S. havanense, Jacg. Shrubby, glabrous : leaves lanceolate-oblong or elliptical-
oblong, bluntish, tapering into the short petiole, entire ; cymes corymbiform, usually few
(-l)-flowcred : flowers large, blue ; calyx deeply 5 -fid, onc-fourth to one-sixth as long as

S0LANE2E.

439

the corolla: lobes oblong, blunt, (sometimes geminately combined) ; corolla 5 -fid: lobes

reniform-roundish, mucronate , shorter than the flattisli -expanded tube ;

oblon" ; style straightish; berry ovoid.— Jacq. Amer. Piet. t. 48. Bot. Mag. t. *708.

S. coriaceum, Hook. S. Hookerianum, Spreng. S. vaccmifolium, Bun. .- a small- flowere
form— 4-7' hia;h, variable in the leaves, the breadth ot the calyx-lobes, and the sue ot the
flowers- leaves V-H", calyx 2'", yellow anthers 2'" long ; corolla 16 -8 diam.; berry
dark-blue 8"'-6"' long. — Hab. Jamaica!, Macf., Pd., If Us., March, m dry, calcareous
soil, and on maritime rocks, Manchester, Holland Bay, Manchioneal ; [Cuba ! to Martinique ;
Mexico to Peru].

** Calyx truncate, its 10 nerves usually produced into inframarginal, exterior
appendages (Polymeris, Bun).

40 S retrofractum, V. Shrubby, trailing-flexnose, glabrescent or glabrous ; leaves

ovate’ pointed, petioled, entire; cymes umbelliform, shortly peduucled; calyx truncate or
repand much shorter than the corolla : appendages none ; corolla stellate, flattish-ex-
vanded, glabrous; border mucronate- angular ; filaments slightly unequal : anthers ovate-
oblona- half as long as the corolla; style straightish; berry globose— Bun. Solan, t. 5.—
S. longepedunculatum, Barter. S. stellatum, Jacq., is perhaps a form with the 10 appen-
dages of the calyx developed.— Leaves membranaceous, 4 -If, petiole 5 3 , pedicels 1 ,

calyx 1"'-1|"', anthers If long; corolla purple, stellate with 5 discoloured rays, 12 -b ,
berry 4'" diam.— Hab. Jamaica f, all coll., in the mountains, Port Royal, Manchester,
Westmoreland.

41 S. neglectum, Bun. Shrubby, puherulous with stellate down above, glabrescent ;
leaves ovate or ovate-oblong, pointed, petioled, entire, glabrous above, puherulous or gla-
brate beneath .- cynics umbelliform, sessile ; calyx externally appendiculate below the trun-
cate border, one-third as long as the corolla: appendages 10, oblong, blunt, spreading or
recurved, about half as long as the lube (rarely wanting) ; corolla glabrous ; limb sinuate-
1 b-anaular ; anthers oblong : fifth filament twice as long as the rest ,- style straightish :
stigma clavate ; berry globose. — Plum. Ed. Barm. t. 245. /*. 4. Leaves 6 -4 , the smaller
in the pair 2", pctiole6"'-8'", pedicels 8"'-4'", calyx 2'", anthers 2'" long ; corolla 8'"-10"',
berry 8'" diam. — Hab. Dominica !, Imr., S. Vincent !, Guild. ; Trinidad ( Sieb .).

42. S. lentum, Cav. Shrubby, pubescent or tomentose with stellate down ; leaves
ovate or ovate-lanceolate, pointed, petioled, entire, puherulous (or pubescent) above, tomen-
tose or pubescent beneath ; fascicles few-flowered, sessile ; calyx externally appendiculate
below the truncate border, about one-third as long as the corolla : appendages 10, thickish-
filiform, blunt, erect, as long as the tube; corolla stellate, with the rays pubescent on Ihe
back: limb sinuate-o-angular ; anthers oblong : fifth filament much longer than ihe rest,
equalling the other anthers; style straightish: stigma clavate; berry globose,— Cav. Ic.
t. 308.— Leaves 3"-l f long, less sharply pointed than in the preceding ; pedicels 6-2 m
the fascicle, 8"'-12"', calyx 2'"-3'", authers 2'" long ; corolla about 1", berry 4'" diam.—
Hab. Trinidad !, Cr., at La Ventilla; [Mexico !, Venezuela !, New Granada !].

Sect. 4. Lebtostemon, Sendtn. — Anthers slender, tapering above : pores minute, terminal
or extrorse-terminal, — Stem mostly armed with prickles.

* Leaves unarmed, or prickly only on the midrib.
f Stem furnished with slender, straight prickles, or unarmed (Graciliflora, Bun).

43. S. racemosum, L. Shrubby, unarmed, stellate-puberulous, at length glabrescent ,
leaves oblong-lanceolate, acuminate, entire or repand, petioled ; cymes lateral, simply racemi-
form, pcdunclcd : pedicels at length cernuous ; calyx 5-dentate, much shorter than the
corolla; corolla white, h -partite : segments lanceolate, pointed, somewhat longer than the
stamens; anthers elongated, nearly including, the filiform style: stigma minute; berry
globose, red .— Jacq. Amer. Piet. t. 50. — Distinguished from unarmed specimens of flnj
following by longer anthers.— 4' high ; leaves 6''-2", calyx 1'", anthers 3^'" long; corolla
10'"-12 , berry 4'" diam. — Hab. Jamaica 1, Pd., along the coast, Westmoreland ; S. Kilts !,
Els., Dominica!, Pint., Imr., S. Vincent!, Guild.; [S. Thomas !, French islands!, Sieb.
Mart. 65],

440

SOLANE2E.

44. S. igneum, L. Shrubby, stellate-puberulous, prickly on the stem and often on the
midrib of the leaves (or unarmed) : 'prickles yellow, compressed-conical at the base, straight ;
leaves oblong-lanceolate, sharply acuminate , entire or repand, petioled ; cymes lateral, lax,
simply racemiform , long-peduncled: pedicels cernuous; calyx 5-dentate, much shorter than
the corolla ; corolla white , 5- partite : segments linear, bluntish, half as long again as the
stamens ; anthers linear ; style thickened at the exserted point ; berry globose, red. — St.
t- 11. f. 3, referred by Linnaeus to the following, but his species is clear from Plukenet,
whose figure is the only one which he quotes. Jacq. II. Vinci. 1. t. 14. — Prickles 3"'-l"',
leaves 6"-2", calyx V", anthers 2)"' long; corolla S'"— 10"', berry 3'" diam.— Hab. S.
Kitts !, Els., Antigua 1, Wul/schl., Barbadoes (SI.) ; [Cuba to Guiana],

45. S. bahamense, L. Shrubby, stellate-puberulous or pubescent-tomcntose, prickly

or unarmed on the stem or leaves : prickles tawny, compressed-subulate at the base, straight ;
leaves lanceolate-oblong or lanceolate, with a bluntish or deltoid point, sinuate-repand or
repand-entire, petioled ; cymes lateral, short, simply racemiform, long-peduncled : pedicels
at length cernuous ; calyx 5-dentate or 5-fid, much shorter than the corolla ; corolla purple,
5- partite : segments linear, bluntish, somewhat longer than the stamens ; anthers linear ;
style thickened at the included or shortly exserted point ; berry globose, red. — Dill. Elth.
t. 271. — 3'-4' high, variable; prickles thin, 3"', leaves calyx 1"', anthers 3'" loug ;

corolla 8'", berry 2,,,-3,,/ diam.

a. Leaves sinuate, laneeolate-obloug : down at length scattered.

fi- lanceolatum. Leaves subentire, undulate or repand, usually tomentose beneath. — SI.
t. 145./. 3.

Hab. Bahamas 1, Swains. (/8) ; Jamaica!, all coll, (a, /3) ; Antigua!, Nichols., Wullschl.,
S. Vincent!, Guild. ; [Mexico].

ff Stem furnished icith recurved prickles ; corolla 5- partite (Juripeba, Dun.).

46. S. lanceifolium, Jacq. Shrubby, trailing, scabrous, prickly on the branches,
petioles and midribs of the leaves : all prickles short, recurved ; down stellate, scarce,
minute, leaving all parts green ; leaves oblong-lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate, long-acumi-
nate, repand-entire or slightly angular, long-petioled ; cymes lateral, lax, few-flowered : pedi-
cels and calyx unarmed ; calyx 5-fid, about one-fourth as long as the corolla : lobes subu-
late with a long appendage ; corolla variegated-white, 5-partite: segments linear, pointed,
slightly exceeding the anthers ; berry globose, yellow. — Jacq. Ic. Bar. t. 329. — S. crofonoides,
Sieb. (non Dun.). S. inEequale, PrL, S. Preslei and calvifactum, Dun., ex syn. Sieb. —
Leaves membranaceous, 5"-4", prickles V'-Z"1, corolla 6"', anthers 4'" long. — Hab. Domi-
nica !, Imr., in mountain- woods ; Trinidad !, Sieb. Tr. 132 ; [Martinique ; Venezuela !].

47. S. micracanthos, Lam. Shrubby, scabrous, prickly on the branches, petioles, and
midribs of the leaves : all prickles short, recurved ; down stellate ; leaves elliptical-oblong,
pointed, entire, shortly tapering into the long petiole, dull-green above, hoary-velvety be-
neath ; cymes lateral, corymbiform, shortly peduncled : pedicels and calyx unarmed, hoarv-
velvety ; calyx 5-fid, about one-third as long as the corolla : lobes lanceolate-linear, long-
acuminate ; corolla 5-partite : segments subulate, nearly twice as tong as the unequal
stamens; berry globose, yellow. — S. obscurum, Sieb. Trin. 19 1 — Leaves 6"-2V', prickles

corolla 5"', anthers 2,,,-3,,, long ; berry 4"'-5w diam. — IIab. Trinidad I, Sieb.
Loclch., Cr., on rocky hills; [Guadeloupe].

48. S. scabrum, V. Shrubby, trailing, scabrous, prickly on the branches, petioles and
midribs of the leaves: all prickles short, recurved, compressed below ; down stellate ; leaves
elliptical or ovale-lanccolate, sinuate-angular, petioled, concolor, dull-green ; cymes lateral,
diverging-racemiform or corymbiform ; calyx prickly, 5-Jid, one-third as long ns the corolla :
lobes subulate with a short, point; corolla bluish, externally tomentose, 5-partite : seg-
ments oblong-lanceolatc, little exceeding the anthers; berry globose. — S. volubile, Sw. —
Leaves 5"-3 , prickles l'"-2"', corolla 6'", anthers 4"' long. — Hab. Carribenn Islands (Dun.) ;
[Llaiti; Panama!, in savannahs, New Granada!].

49. S. Juripeba, Rich. Shrubby, prickly ; prickles of the branches recurved, com-
pressed at the base, those of the petioles and midribs of leaves straight (or wanting) ; down
stellate ; leaves elliptical, subentire or sinuate-angular, petioled, the younger ones hoary-
pubescent beneath ; calyx unarmed, shortly 5-lobcd, one-sixth to one-tenth as long as the

SOLANEzE.

441

corolla: lobe9 ovate, often nmcronate; eorolla bluish, externally tomentose, 5-partite:
sp.<-nipiits Inneeolate-linear. acuminate, little exceeding the anthers ; berry globose. Bun.

50. S. jamaicense, Sw. ! Shrubby, wholly tomentose , prickly along the branches and
midribs of the leaves : all prickles recurved , subcompressed, yellow ; wool stellate ; leaves
rhomboid, siunate-angular (or entire), cuneate at the subsessile base ; cymes lateral utnbel-
liform, subsessile ; calyx usually prickly, 5 -partite, hall as long as the corolla : segments
lanceolate, or linear, acuminate ; corolla bluish or white, 5-partite : segments lanceolate,
little exceeding the anthers ; berry globose, yellow. — SI. t. 144 ./. 3. Bun. Sol. t. 20 and 22.
— S. brevipilum, heterotridum, and cuneifolium, Bun. — Leaves 6"-3" (-2”), prickles 3 -
H'", corolla 3",', anthers 2"' long; berry 3"'-2"' diam.— Hab. Jamaica!, Macf., Al.,
Wullschl., in waste ground ; [Cuba ! to Brazil !].

ftf Stem furnished with straight ( rarely slightly recurved) prickles ; corolla 5-fid,
plaited at the base (Torva, Ns.)

51. S. torvum, Sw. Shrubby, tomentose, prickly along the branches, petioles, and
midribs of the leaves (or unarmed) : prickles distant, straightish, subcompressed ; wool
stellate ; leaves ovate, sinuate-angular or subentire, pointed, subcordate or truncate at the
base, long-petioled, scabrous above, hoary -velvety beneath ; cymes lateral, usually bifid,
scorpioid-corymbiform : pedicels glandular ; calyx unarmed, 5-fid, at length 5-partite, one-
fourth as long as the corolla : lobes ovate, mucronate-acute ; corolla whitish, stellate, 5-fid :
lobes ovate-lanceolate; style incurved above; berry globose. — Bun. Solan, t. 23. Jacq.
Schoenbr. 3. t. 324. — S. ferrugineum, Jacq. — Variable; leaves 8"-2", prickles

corolla 5 "'-7'", anthers 3'" long ; berry 4'" diam. — Hab. Jamaica !, Macf., March, Wullschl.,
in hedges; S. Kitts!, Antigua!, Wullschl., Dominica!, Imr., S. Vincent!, Guild.; Trini-
dad!, Sieb. Tr. 25, Or.; [Cuba! and Mexico! to Brazil and Ecuador!; Bermudas; East
Indies !].

52. S. inclusum, Gr. Shrubby, tomentose, prickly along the branches, and rarely on
the midribs of the leaves : prickles distant, slender, straight ; wool stellate ; leaves ovate,
or ovate-oblong, repand-eutire or slightly sinuate, bluntish, petioled, scabrous above, hoary-
tomentose beneath ; cymes lateral, few-tlowered ; calyx prickly at the base or unarmed,
5-fid, one-third as long as the corolla : lobes ovate or ovate-oblong, bluntish ; corolla blu-
ish, 5 -fid : lobes ovate-lanceolate, huice as long as the anthers ; berry depressed-globose,
red, surrounded by the excrescent, foliaceous calyx. — S. tomentosum americauum, Auc.t.
S. tomentosum, Hort. Germ. S. hybridum, Bun. ( non Jacq.). — S. tomentosum, I., of the
Cape (S. coccineum, Jacq. Ic. Rar. t. 43.) has much smaller, pea-like berries, supported by
a minute calyx. — Leaves 2"— 3", prickles 3l"-2111, corolla 5,"-6'", anthers 2"' long ; berry
8"'-l O'" diam., equalling or exceeded by the calyx. — Hab. Jamaica!, Pd., St. Thomas, i.
V. ; [Cuba !, French islands 1 ; Mexico to Guiana].

** Leaves bearing stout, straight prickles on the veins and midrib (Acantliophora, Bun.)

53. S. stramonifolium, Jacq. ( non Bun.). Shrubby, tomentose with stellate down,
prickly on the leaf-ribs and branches (rarely unarmed) : prickles stout, straight, compressed
or recurved on the branches ; leaves broadly ovale, ungidar-pinnatifid, scabrous above, hoary-
tomenlose beneath : lobes deltoid, spreading ; cymes lateral, subsessile, scorpioid-contracted ;
calyx unarmed, 5-crenate, one-fourth ns long as the corolla : creuatures roundish or nmcro-
nate ; corolla blue, h-parlile, externally tomentose ; segments ovate-lanceolate ; anthers
ovate-lanceolate, incurved ; berry globose, tomentose, yellow. — Jacq. Ic. Rar. t. 44. — S.
toxicarium, Rich. S. demerarensc, Bun. / — Leaves 8"-3", yellow prickles 8"'~2"', corolla
3"'-6'", anthers 2"'-3"' long; berry O'" diam.— Hab. Trinidad 1, Sieb. Tr. 23, Sch. ;
[Guiana !, Brazil !].

54. S. hirtum, V . Shrubby, tomentose with stellate down, long-hirsute on the pedicels

and stout prickles. — Leaves 5"-i
— Hab. Trinidad !, Lockh., in
Brazil !].

442

SOLANEvE.

and calyx , prickly on the leaf-ribs and branches : prickles slender, straight, compressed (or
recurved on the branches) ; leaves subcordate-roundish or broadly ovate, sinuate-angular,
scabrous above, hoary ■tomentose beneath; cymes lateral, subsessile, scorpioid-contracted ;
calyx deeply 5-fid, half as long as the corolla: lobes ovate-oblong, pointed; corolla ~t -par-
tite, externally hirsute; anthers ovate-lanceolate, incurved ; berry globose, long-hirsute. —
Vahl, Ic. t. 21. — S. flavescens, Bun. ! ( exclus . /3). S. Richardi, Sieb. Tr. 241 — Leaves 8"-
3", prickles 3nl—l'11, calyx-hairs 3'", corolla ^"'-Q111, anthers 3W-4W long ; berry 6'" diam. —
Hab. Trinidad 1, Sieb., Seh. Cr.

55. S. mammosum, L. Herbaceous or suffrutieose, densely villous with simple
jointed hairs, prickly on the leaf-ribs and stem : prickles stout, straight, compressed ; leaves
ovate, angular, sinuate; cymes lateral, few-flowered, contracted ; calyx 5-partite, one-third
to one-fourth as long as the corolla : segments subulate ; corolla blue, 5-partite, hairy :
segments lanceolate ; anthers oblong-lanceolate, tapering from the middle ; berry large,
conical, glabrous , yellowish, supported by the small calyx.- — St. t. 12./. 1, the fruit. Bc.sc.
FI. 3. t. 186. — >S. pectinatum, Bun. I — 3'-4' high; leaves 4"-G", yellow pickles 10,"-4',,)
corolla 8",-G,", anthers 5'", berry 2" long. — Hab. Jamaica !, Macf, Bisl., At., a nuisance
in meadows ; Antigua !, Wullschl. ; [Haiti !, Trench islands ! ; Carolina and Mexico to
Peru! and Guiana!].

56. S. aculeatissimum, Jacq. Suffruti.cose, pilose with simple jointed hairs, or at
length glabrous, except on the leaf-margin, very prickly on the leaf-ribs, the stem, and often
on the calyx : prickles slender, straight ; leaves ovate, pinnatifid, rarely repand-entire, long-
petioled : lobes ovate-oblong, often sinuate-dentate ; cymes lateral, few-flowered ; calyx
5-fid, one-third as long as the corolla : lobes ovate-lanceolate, acuminate ; co olta white,
5-partite, glabrescent -. segments oblong- lanceolate ; anthers ovate-lanceolate ; berry globose,
glabrous, scarlet, supported by the small calyx. — Jacq. Ic. liar. t. 41. Bun. Solan, t. 18.
— S. ciliatum, Lam. S. myriacanthum. Bun. : the form with subentire leaves. S. reflexum,
Schrk. : the same, — 2'-4' high ; leaves 6"-4", yellow prickles 4"'-7'" (-2"'), corolla 4"'-5'",
anthers 3"' long; berry 6"'-S"' diam. — Hab. Jamaica!, Al., in waste ground; Trinidad!,
Cr. ; [Cuba ! and Mexico to Brazil !]

57. S. fuscatum, L. Suffrutieose, soabrous-puberulous with stellate down, prickly :
prickles stout, straight on the leaf-ribs and often on the calyx, shorter and often recurved on
the stem ; leaves ovate or ovate-oblong, pinuatifid-sinuate with deltoid lobes, long-petioled,
the younger ones somewhat hoary beneath ; cymes lateral, few-flowered ; calyx 5-fid, half
as long as the corolla : lobes ovate-lanceolate, acuminate ; corolla bluish, externally pube-
rulous on the angles: limb sinuate, shortly 5-fid ; anthers oblong-lanceolate; berry globose,
glabrous, surrounded by the excrescent calyx. — Jacq. Ic. Rar. 1. 42. — S. campechiense, L.
ex Bill. FJth. t. 268./. 347- — 4'— 5' high ; leaves 7"-3", yellow or tawny leaf-pricklcs 4"'-
3"', anthers 3"'-4"'long; corolla 1", berry about 1" diam,— Hab. Antigua!, Nichols.,
Wullschl. ; [Yucatan].

Sect. 5. Melongena, Ns, — Anthers of Leptostemon, but their terminal pores forming

transverse slits.

58*. S. Melongena, L. Herbaceous or suffrutieose, pubescent or tomentose with stel-
late down, prickly or unarmed: prickles distant, straightish (or recurved), short, compressed;
leaves ovate or ovate-oblong, repand or sinuate, long-petioled ; cymes lateral, few-1 -flowered,
peduncled ; calyx 5-9-fid : lobes ovate, pointed ; corolla blue, 5-9 -fid, 5-9-androus : lobes
deltoid; anthers oblong-lanceolate; berry large, ovoid (or snbglobose), supported by the
excrescent calyx. — Phan. Ed. Burm. t. 224. /. 2. Besc. Ft. 3. t.\ 87. S insanum, Z.,
Sic. S. escnlentum, melanocarpum, and Plumicri, Bun. — Corolla 5 -8 , anthers o -2 ,
berry long. — Hab. Naturalized and cultivated in Jamaica ( Lun .) and the Caribbean

islands; [introduced from trop. Asia].

Sect. 6. Heteeaquartia. — Anthers oblong, bluntish, with minute pores at the

truncate point.

59. S. polygamum, V. Shrubby, trailing, prickly or unarmed: prickles on the
branches and leaves slender, straight ; branches tomentose: down stellate ; leaves lanceo-
late-oblong, bluntish, repand-entire, shortly petioled, scabrous above, tomentose or scabrous-

SOLANE/E.

443

pubescent beneath; cvmcs lateral, few-] -flowered, sessile; calyx deeply 4-5-///, half as
lony as (he small corolla : lobes ob/ony, b/init ; corolla white, A'-'a-pa.rtde : segments ovate-
oblong, bluntish, twice as long as the anthers ; berry globose VaAl, Symb. 6.t, QO, t
approaches Lycianlhes in the form of the authors, but Leptostemon m habit and other
characters, especially S. Aquartia, Dun., and S. crotonoides, Lam. (both graciltflora of
Cuba).- Leaves 3"-2", pedicels 3"', corolla 2'", anthers 1"' long ; berry 3 dtam— Hab.
Trinidad !, Pd., Lochh., in waste ground. Port of Spain ; [S. Thomas, S, CroixJ,

13. OESTRUM, L,

Corolla infundibular or salver-shaped : tube clavate or filiform : limb short, induplicative.
Stamens 5 (7-4), inserted into the corolla-tube : anthers longitudinally dehiscent. Pericarp
baccate. Embryo straight.— Shrubs ; leaves entire ; cymes usually extra-axillary, resem-
bhnq a centripetal inflorescence : flowers usually fragrant, expanding at fixed hours, often
changing colour during anihesis : corolla-limb pubescent at the margin.

The teeth appearing on the filaments, are often suppressed in otherwise identical speci-
mens, and the inflated corolla-base depends upon the growth of the ovary ; hence both chief
characters, upon which Dunal arranged the utterly confounded species of this genus, are
quite obsolete. I call subsessile flowers those in which a short pedicel is developed late and
above a joint.

* Filaments very short, inserted into the corolla-throat.

60. C. vespertinum, L., Sw. ! ( non Dun .), Branchlets puberulous ; leaves cbartaceous-

membrauaceous, ovate-lanceolate or elliptical-oblong, bluntish, glabrescent : veins delicate ;
cymes contracted, fewrflowered, subsessile: flowers subsessile, ■white; calyx 5-dcutate:
teeth subulate-deltoid ; corolla-lube filiform, glabrous, inflated abruptly at the throat :
lobes oblong-linear; stamens included, inserted into the corolla-throat : filaments as long as
the anthers, entire; berry ovoid, blue, shortly tapering at the base. — Jacq. Amer.Pict.
t. 16. Jacq. Schcenbr. t. 328. Murr. in Nov. Comm. Got. 5. t. 8. — Ixora alternifolia,
Jacq. C. depauperatum, Dun. C. hirtum, Sieb. ( non Sw.). C. Pceppigii, Sendtn. 1, a form
with shorter flowers.— Leaves 2"-4", calyx corolla 8"'-12"' (-(>'"), berry 3'” long.

— Hab. Dominical, Imr,, St. Vincent !, Guild.; Trinidad!, Cr. ; [French islands; Pana-
ma ! to Peru 1 aud equatorial Brazil !]

61. C. pallidum, Lam. Glabrous ; leaves chartaceous-mcmbranaceous, oblong or elr

liptical, with a bluntish point : veins delicate ; cymes racemiform, or few-flowered ; flowers
pedicellate, pale-yellow; calyx 5 -dentate : teeth ovate, blunt; corolla-tube clavate, gradu-
ally dilated into the throat : lobes ovate, blunt, at length reflexed, with the style e.xsertcd ;
stamens included, inserted into the corolla- throat : filaments as long as the anthers, entire;
berry ovoid, blue, shortly tapering at the base. — SI. t. 204. f. 2. — C. tinetorium, Jacq.
(Schcenbr. t. 332) is to be compared : in the figure there are white flowers, and globose
berries. — Leaves pedicels 1'", calyx 2ln-l-kl", corolla 6m-8,,,) berry 3”' long. — Hab.

Bahamas!, Swains.; Jamaica!, Al., March, near Kingston; [Haiti!].

** Filaments much longer than the anthers, inserted above or into the middle of the

corolla-tube.

62. C. latifolium, Lam. Branchlets pubescent; leaves membranaceous, ovate,
pointed, glabreseeut : veins delicate ; cymos contracted, subsessile : fleecers subsessile ;
calyx shortly 5 -fid : lobes deltoid-subulate ; corolla-lube filiform, clavate, gradually taper-
ing, glabrous : lobes lanceolate-linear ; stamens included, inserted above the middle of the
corolla-tube: filaments entire; berry “ oblong.” — Vahl, Eelog. A 10. — C. ehloranlhum,
Dun.!— Leaves 6"-5", calyx lw, corolla 12"'-10w long. — Hab. Trinidad!, Sieb. Tr. 143,
Cr., at S. Anne.

63 C. macrophyllum, Vent. Glabrous (except the axis of the cymes) ; leaves char-
taceous, large, oblong or oblong-lanceolate, acuminate, arch-veined : primary veins promi-
nent beneath, al length impressed above ; cymes contracted, subsessile : flowers subsessile,
yellowish, changing colour; calyx 5-dentnto : teeth deltoid or minute; corolla tube clavate,
gradually tapering, glabrous : lobes ovate-lanceolate or ovate-oblong ; stamens included,
inserted about the middle of the corolla-tube : filaments puberulous, entire or bearing a

444

SOLA.NEJE.

tooth above the downy part ; berry oboyoid. — Vent. Choir. 1. 18. — C, megalophylluin,
Dun. ! C. Bellasombra, Dun. ex spec. Mader. C. vespei'tinum, Sieb. Mart. 64 ! up. Dun.
C. Schotlii, Sendtn. — C. conglomeratum, R. P., agreeing in the leaves, is slightly distin-
guished by orange-coloured cymes, broader corolla-lobes, and glabrous filaments. — Variable
in the calyx-teeth, and the breadth of the corolla-lobes ; the lilament-teeth, usually wauting
in our specimens, are very marked in cultivated ones ; leaves 8"-4", calyx l'"-2'", corolla
6"'-8'" long. — IIab. Jamaica!, A/., March; Dominical, Imr. ; Trinidad!, Sieb. Tr. 176,
Sch.; [Cuba 1 and Guatemala 1 to Brazil; introduced into Madeira!],

64. C. hirtum, Sto, / Branohlgis shaggy icith denticulate hairs ; leaves charlaceous,
ovate-oblong or ovate-lanceolate, bluntish at the point, subcordate or roundish at the base,
arch-veined : primary veins prominent beneath : shaggy down persistent on the midrib ;
cymes contracted, subsessile : flowers subsessile, greenish-white ; calyx 5-dcntate : teeth
deltoid; corolla-tube clavate, gradually tapering : lobes ovate, bluntish; stamens included,
inserted about the middle of the corolla-tube : filaments pubescent below their tooth ; berry
ovoid, black.— Jacq. Schasnbr. t. 421.— C. hirsutum, Jacq., a form with the leaves auricled
by the development of axillary gems. — Leaves 5"-2", calyx l-)'"-2"', corolla 6'''-8'", berry
6 '" long. — Hab. Jamaica 1, Sw., Macf., Fd., Wils., in mountain-woods, S, Thomas i. E.,
Westmoreland; [Cuba!].

65. C. laurifolium, L'Her. Glabrous (except the axis of the cymes) ; leaves leathery,
shilling, elliptical, obovate or oblong, bluntish or blunt : veins inconspicuous or delicate ;
cymes contracted, subsessile: flowers shortly pedicellate, greenish -yellow, changing colour;
calyx 5-dentate : teeth minute or deltoid ; corolla-tube clavate, gradually tapering, glabrous :
lobes ovate-roundish or ovate, blunt ; stamens included, iuserted above the middle of the
corolla-tube: filaments glabrous, entire or bearing a tooth above the base; berry ovoid. —
L'Her. Siirp. t. 34. Bat. Mag. t. 2929. — C. alaternoides, Desf. C. subtriflorum, Dun.!
— Leaves 4V'-2", pedicels -j'", calyx corolla 8"'-6'", berry 6"'-5'" long. — I4ab. An-
tigua 1, Walls chi. ; Trinidad!, Sieb, Tr. 180; [Cuba!, Portorico !, Drench islands].

66. C. nocturnum, L. Glabrous ; leaves chartacenus-leaihery, ovate or ovate-oblong,
with a bluntish point : veins delicate ; cymes peduucled, racemiform, exceeding the petiole :
inferior pedicels often as long as the calyx ; flowers greenish-yellow; calyx 5-dcntate,
about one-third as long as the corolla-tube : teeth ovate-roundish or deltoid ; corolla-tube
clavate, gradually tapeiing, glabrous : lobes ovate, blunt ; stamens included, inserted above
the middle of the corolla-tube ; filaments puberulous below, entire, or bearing a tooth above
the base ; berry ovoid-oblong. — Dill. E/th. f. 185. Jacq. Schcenbr. t. 329. — C. fcetidis-
simum, Jacq. — Leaves 4"-2i',) calyx 3"'-2'", corolla S'' -9"' long. — IIab. Jamaica I, Al.,
M‘Nab, Fd., March, in mountain-woods; Dominica!, Imr. ; [Cuba!].

67. C. diurnum, L. Glabrous; leaves charlaceous Jeathery , ovate-oblong, bluntish :
veins delicate; cymes peduucled, contracted: flowers white, subsessile; calyx 5-dcntate:
teeth minute or deltoid ; corolla-tube clavate , gradually tapering, glabrous : lobes roundish,
reflexed; stamens included, inserted below the throat: filaments entire, glabrous, about
thrice as long as the anthers ; berry subglobose. — Dill. Ellh. f. 186. Jacq. Schcenbr.
t. 331. — C. odontospermum, Jacq. C. Forsythi, Dun. C. fastigiatum, Jacq. {/. c. t. 330):
a variety with longer peduncles. — Leaves 4"— 3", calyx 1"', corolla 6'"— S'" long; berry 3'"-
4'" diam. — IIab. Caribbean Islands {Dun.) ; [Cuba !, in saline soil, S. Jean !].

CXIY, BIGNONIACEiE,

Stamens and corolla of Scrophularinece, but anther-cells mostly distinct, contiguous at
their base. Ovary superior, many-ovulate, with the ovules distant from the axis, inserted
along each margin of a central, placentary dissepiment, rarely paracarpous: carpophylls 2.
Seeds compressed, often winged, sessile, mostly transverse. Embryo cxalbnmiuous : cotyle-
dons large, foliaceous, mostly emarginate. — Woody, rarely herbaceous plants; leaves often
compound, usually opposite and exstipulate.

Drims arc obtained from Crescentia, Tecoma leucoxylon and stuns, and Bignonia crqui-
nodiafis. The hard shells of Crescentia Cujcte (the Calabash-tree) are turned into bottles and
other household articles, Jaoaranda (the Pulisandre-wood), Cala/pa, and Tecoma afford
timber.

BIGNONIACEjE,

445

X. CRESCENTIA, L.

Calyx 2-partite or 2-fid, deciduous. Corolla campanulate: limb unequally 5 -fid or sub-
entire. Stamens didynamous. Ovary 1-celled. Stigma 2-lamellate Fruit “^“cent,
pulpy ; seeds compressed, wingless.— Glabrous trees or shrubs ; leaves alternate or fascicled,
simple, entire ; peduncles often arising from the trunk, .

1 C. Cuiete, L. Leaves spathulate, subsessile, chartaceous,/««ue7<?flf,- calyx 2-partite;
corolla transversely plaited below: lobes dentate-undulate; fruit large subglobose : shell
hard. — Jacq. Ainer. Piet. t. 167 ; Pass, Ft. 3. t 19; Desc.Fl. 4. if. 244 -4 tree ; leaves
variegated corolla 3"-2" long; fruit l'-2" diam.— Hab. Jamaica., S. Kitts., An
tigua! and all other islands; [Cuba! and Mexico to Brazil !].

2. C. cucurbitina, L. Leaves obovate-oblong or oval-oblong, shortly petioled or sub-
sessile, rigid, scattered', calyx 2, partite ; corolla unequally 5-lobed ; fruit oyoid with a
blunt point: shell brittle— Plum. Ed. Bunn. t. 109; Peso. El. 3. t. 182. A tree;
leaves 10"— 3", dusky-variegated corolla 2J", fruit 3" long. — Hab. Jamaica PcL, lJist.,
Wils., along the dry, rocky coast; S. Vincent!, Guild.-, Trinidad (Sieb.) ; [Cuba, to
"V enezuela i I

The poisonous C. lethifera, Tuss. (FI. 4. if. 17), of Haiti, and perhaps other West Indian
islands, is distinguished by a 2-fid calyx, a whitish corolla and its limb subentire : its syno-
nyins arc the shrubby C. ouourbitina , Seem. Panam. !, and C. obovaia , Benth. (bulph. t. 4b).

2, SCHLEGELTA, Miq,

Calyx tubular, persistent. Corolla salver- shaped : lobes 5, slightly unequal. Stamens
didynamous : anther-cells ovate or oblong, divergiug-pendulous. Ovary half-2-celled by
the introfiexed carpophylls : plaoentary dissepiment none. Stigma 2-lamellate. Fruit in-
dehiscent, pulpy: seeds small, wingless. — Shrubby, rooting, glabrous climbers ; leaves op-
posite, simple, entire, leathery, tapering into a short petiole } pedicels ebracteolate ; calyx
coloured.

* Corolla-tube campanulate above the base,

3. S. parasitica, Mrs. Reaves elliptical or elliptical-oblong, blunt ; fascicles few-
flowered, longer than the petioles, axillary or inserted into- the bark ; pedicels cernuous,
jointed above, 2-hracteoiate above the base : bracteoles minute, lanceolate ; calyx shortly
campanulate, truncate, one-third to one-fourth as long as the corolla-tube; corolla-tube
campanulate : lobes roundish ; anther-cells ovate, blunt ; “ fruit globose : shell brittle.”—
Tanaccium, Sic.— Leaves 6"-4" long, veiny beneath ; corolla crimson : tube 1" long ; fruit
“size of a small apple,” — Hab. Jamaica!, Al., Pd., March, Wullschl,, rooting on trees ;
[Cuba !].

4. S. axillaris, Gr. (n. sp,). Leaves oval, rounded at the top ; fascicles axillary, few-
mauy-flowered, equalling the petiole : pedicels as long as the calyx, jointed above, 2-,bracteo'’
late below the middle; bracteoles minute, lanceolate, rigid; calyx shortly campanulate,
broadly Z-crenate-2-lipped : lips one-third to one-fourth as long as their tube : superior
lip reni form-rounded, 2 inferior crenatures bluntly deltoid; corolla-tube campanulate: lobes
roundish; anther-cells ovate, blunt,— Nearly allied to the preceding, corolla apparently
smaller, but not yet full-grown in our single specimen ; veiny leaves 6"-3", pedicels 3"' long ;
stamens didynamous, with a fifth sterile filament : anther-cells diverging downwards ; stigma
narrowly 2-lamellate ; placenta many-ovulate, almost touching each other with their dilated
border, but quite distinct in the middle of the cell. — Hab. Dominica !, Imr,

** Corolla-tube slender, cylindrical.

5. S. violacea, Gr. Leaves elliptical-oblong or elliptical, blunt, dotted ; pedicels ter-
nate or single, in a short, terminal corymb, not jointed, 2-bractcolate at the middle : brac-
teoles linear ; calyx cylindrical , elongated, shortly 2-lipped , more than half as long ns the
corolla-tube : lips minutely 2-3-dcntate, one-fourth us long as their tube ; corolla-lobes
ovate-oblong : tube narrowly cylindrical ; anlher-.ee/ls linear-oblong, blunt. — Aubl. t. 254.
Besleria, Aubl. — S, lilacina, Miq. {Sarin, t. 36 sin.), is perhaps a form with smaller flowers.

•1-1(3

BIGN0NIACE7E.

— Leaves 6"-3" long, sliining above, revolute at the margin, veiny, with all the younger
parts somewhat powdered with minute, white points; pedicels calyx 12"' corolla-

tube 20"'-24'", lobes 2"'-3'" long. — Hab, Trinidad 1, Cr., at S, Anne; [Guiana].

3. JACARANDA, Juss.

Calyx tubular. Corolla campanulate above a slender base : limb unequally 5-lobed. Sta-
mens didynamous, with the fifth sterile one bearded at the top : anther-cells diverging-
pendulous, or one of them abortive. Ovary 2-cellcd by the introtlcxed carpophylls slightly
cohering in the middle. Stiyma 2-lamellate. Capsule woody, fiat-compressed, loculicide:
seeds winged, inserted along the middle line of the valves, parallel to them : dissepiment
obsolete or disappearing. — Trees: leaves opposite, often 2-pinnate ; flowers in a terminal
panicle, usually blue.

6. J. cserulea, Cr. Glabrous ; leaves impari-2.-pinnate : pinnae 4-8-jugal, leaflets 8-
17-jugal, obliquely rhomboid-oblong, bluntish ; panicle lax ; calyx small, 5-dentate ; corolla
blue, glabrous; one of the anther-cells abortive; capsule oval-roundish, notched at the
rounded top. — Catesb. Carol. 1. t. 42. — Bignonia, L. J. bahamensis, DC. (non R. Br.,
who states his species to have a silky corolla). — Leaflets 8"'-10"', calyx 2"'-3'", corolla 1£",
capsule 2" long. — Hab. Bahamas!, Sivains., Providence; [West Indies 1, West,"].

J. bahamensis, It. Br., is unknown to me; J. Sagrceana, DC. (syn. Tanaecium panicu-
latum, Sieb. Mart. 81 1), of Cuba ! and Martinique, has a shorter puberulous corolla and
different capsule.

4. CATALPA, Scop.

Calyx deeply 2-lohed. Corolla, campanulate : limb unequally 5-lobed. Fertile stamens
2 : one of the anther-cells erect, the other pendulous. Ovary 2-celled. Stigma 2-lamellate.
Capsule siliquiform, subcylindrical, loculicide : seeds woolly, or with a fringe at both ends,
uniserial along the border of the placentary dissepiment, parallel to it. — Glabrous, large
trees ; leaves simple, opposite or whorled, long-petioled ; flowers in a lax terminal panicle.

7. C. longisiliqua, Cham. Leayes ovate-oblong or oblong-lanceolate, bluntish, entire ;
calyx-lips entire, roundish-mucronate ; capsule long-filiform, pendulous ; seeds linear, acumi-
nate at both sides, wingless, silky-woolly chiefly at the points. — Jacq. Amer. Piet. 1. 261.
f. 50: the seed. Tuss. FI. 4. t. 37, Desc. FI. 1. t. 18.- — Bignonia, Jacq. (B. longissima, ej.,
a misprint, corrected by himself). B. Quercus, Lam. Catalpa longissima, Sims. — Leaves
3"-5 , calyx 2'", rosy-white corolla 10"'-8'", capsule 2' long. — ILab. Jamaica!, At., Wils.,
M‘Nab, Dpn ; [Haiti, S. Thomas],

5. TECOMA, Juss.

Calyx tubular ; limb usually shortly 2-lipped. Corolla infundibular : lobes 5, slightly
unequal. Stamens didynamous : anther-cells diverging. Ovary 2-celled. Stigma 2-lamel-
late. Capsule siliquiform, loculicide : seeds winged at both sides, uuiserial along the border
of the placentary dissepiment, parallel to it. — Trees or shrubs, rarely scandent ; leaves in
our species opposite, compound ; flowers usually in terminal corymbs.

Sect. 1. TaIsebuia, Gomez, emend. — Calyx-limb unequal. Corolla-tube gradually dilated.

Capsule-valves entire. — Leaves digitate or simple.

* Leaves lepidote with minute, usually distant scales ; flowers rosy or white.

8. T. Berterii, DC. Glabrous, erect ; leaves leathery, lepidote chiefly beneath : leaflets
3 (-5), spathulate-lanceolate or elliptical-oblong, bluntish, entire: lateral subsessile, the
middle shortly petiolulate ; corymbs few-1 -flowered ; calyx campanulate, lepidote, one-sixth
to one-fourth as long as the corolla : lips subentirc, rounded : corolla rosy, glabrous, pube-
rulous within; stamens deeply included: anther-cells oblong-linear, straight; capsule
linear, subcylindrical : valves keeled; seeds as broad as each oblong wing. — Tabebuia tri-
phvlla, DC., a form with larger, obovate-oblong leaflets. Bignonia triphylln, Sprang , L. ?
— Leaflets 2"-l" (-4"), corolla 2i"-2", capsule 4" long -Hab. Jamaica !, M'Nab ; Haiti,
Portorico 1, S. Thomas 1].

BIGNONIACE/E.

447

leucoxylon, Mart. Glabrous, arboreous; leaves rigid, lepidote, often whitish
leaflets 5 (3-8), lanceolate-oblong or linear-oblong, bluutish, entire , all petio/u-
•vmbs few(-l)-flowered; calyx ouinpanulate, lepidote, one-sixth to one-fourth as
the corolla : lips nnicronate, superior often longer, inferior 2-lid ; corolla rosy (or
labrous, puberulous within ; stamens deeply included : anther-cells ohlong-lmear,

■ capsule linear, subcompressed : valves smooth, ecarinate ; seeds as bi oad as
ong wing. — Plu/cn. Aim. t. 200./. 4. Catecb. Carol. 1. t. 37- Bat. Repos, t. 43.
3. t. 204 : flowers wrongly yellow. — Biguonia, L. ex ic. Plulcn., Sio. . B. pen-
L.ex ic. Catesb. (non. Sw,, non Miq.). — A large tree: wood and bark whitish;
}"-l", petiolules 6"'-2'", corolla 2i"-2", cnpsule 8"-6", seed-wings 4" long,— Hab.
s !, Swains. ; Jamaica !, Mac/., Bauer., Wils., on river-banks ; Barbadoes (Plulcn.) ;
to Guiana !]<

C. pentaphylla, DC. (exclus. syn, L.). Glabrous, arboreous ; leaves rigid, mi-
epidote : leaflets 5 (7-3), elliptical-oblong, elliptical or elliptical-lanceolate, bluntish,
all petiole late : the middle petiolules long; Corymbs manv-few-flowered; calyx
ulate, lepidote, one-seventh to one-fifth as long as the corolla : lips rounded, inferior
lorolla white or rosy, glabrous, puberulous within ; stamens deeply included : anther -
'dong-linear, straight; capsule linear, elongated, subcg/indricat : valves 3- carinate ;
is broad as each oblong wing. — Biguonia, West (non L.). — A timber-tree: bark
i ; leaflets 3"-6", middle petiolule 12y"-20"', inferior ones 3'"-6"', corolla 3 -21.

. HZ'-S", seed-wings 5 ' 1 long. — Hab. Jamaica!, Pd., Al., March ; Antigua!,
•hi., Montserrat, S. Lucia ; [Cuba I to French islands 1 ; Panama !].

T. platyantha, Gr. (n. sp.). Glabrous, arboreous ; leaves rigid, minutely lepidote :
s 5 (-4), elliptical or ovate-oblong, with a bluntish point, subentire-repand, all petio-
• corymbs lax ; calyx broadly campanulate, one-third as long as the corolla , closed
ohovoid bud, at length shortly 2-lipped : lips rounded, entire ; corolla white, glabrous ;
ns equalling the corolla-tube : anther-cells ovate-oblong , bluntish , diverging-pendu-
capsule linear, stibcomjiressed : valves obtusely heeled. — fabebuig hsemantha, DC., is
ently allied, but the corolla in our species is 4'" broad at the ba-e, 1" diam. at the
lit. — A small tree; terminal leaflets T -4", inferior 3"-2", petiolules 1 v 7/- 1 long,
or shorter; calyx 8"'-10/", corolla 2", capsule 4" long,— Hab. Jamaica !, Pd., March,
cks, S. James.

** Leaves devoid of scales ; flowers yellow,

. T. serratifolia, Don. Glabrous, arboreous ; leaves chartaceous, devoid of scales :
ds 5 (6-4), oblong-lauceolate, acuminate, serrulate above the base, a/l petio! ulate ;
mbs umbelliform ; calyx campanula! t, powdery, one-seventh to one-sixth as long as the
11a, shortly 5-lobed : lobes unequal, deltoid ; corolla “ yellow,” glabrous ; stamens
ly included : anther-cells oblong, incurved at the top. — Biguonia, V. — Terminal leaflets
3", inferior 3"-2", superior petiolules 20','-10"') inferior 6"'-4"', corolla 2"— 25" long,
.after narrowly infundibular. — Hab. S. Vincent I, Guild.; Trinidad (F.).

13. T. spectabilis, Planch. Erect ; down rusty-yellow, stellate ; scales none ; leaves
chartaceous, hairy, with the down at length scattered, as loug as the tomeutose petiole :
leaflets 5, oblong-lanceolate, shortly acuminate, subentire, all petiolulate ; corymbs con-
tracted ; calyx campanulate, rusty -tomeniose, one-fifth to one-fourth as long as the broad
corolla, 5-lobed : lobes ovate ; corolla “ yellow,” puberulous, villous within ; stamens
deeply included: anther-cells oblong -linear, incurved; capsule linear, subcompressed,
tomeniose: valves keeled ; seeds broader than the terminal part of the oblong wing. — Bi-
des Serves, 9. t. 948. — Leaflets 5"-3", terminal petiolule 12 , inferior ones 5" -3"', corolla
2", capsule 8"-10// long — IIab. S. Vincent!, Guild.; Trinidad!, Lockh. ; [Venezuela].

Sect. 2. Eutecoma, Endl. Calyx-limb o-denlate, equal. Corolla-tube ventricose above
the base. Capsule-valves at length %-pariite. — Leaves impari-pinnate, opposite.

14. T. stans, Just. Glabrous, erect, shrubby; leaves impari-pinnate: leaflets 2-5-
jugal, oblong-lnuccolatc, acuminate, serrate ; flowers racemose, yellow ; calyx half as long
as the narrow part of the campanulate corolla-tube : teeth pointed; stamens included : an-
ther-cells lanceolate, straight; capsule linear, acumiuuto, subcompressed, — Jacq. diner. Piet.

448

BIGN0NIACE2E.

t. 176. Bignonia L. T. jambitcifolia, Kth. — 4'-8' high, variable in the breadth of the
eailcts ; corolla 2 -1^ , capsule 8 -4" long. — Hab. Jamaica !, all coll., common on rocky
or gravelly soil ; S. Lilts !, Eh., Antigua !, Walls chi, Dominica !, Imr. ; Trinidad !, Cr.,
Suh. ; [Cuba 1 and Mexico ! to Tucuman 1],

T. capensis, Liudl., (a climber, with, exserted stamens) is cultivated or naturalized in S.
kilts !

6. BIGNONIA, L.

Calyx campanulate, usually closed in the bud. Corolla campanulatc or infundibular :
lobes 5, often unequal. Stamens didynamous : anther-cells diverging. Ovary 2-celled :
stigma 2-lamellate. Capsule siliquiform, flat-compressed, marginicide : seeds winged at
ef iu v uuiserial along the border of the flat, placentary dissepiment, parallel to it. —
Shiubby climbers; leaves opposite, 2-foliolate , with a terminal tendril, or 3—1 folio late.

Calyx closed in the hud, at lenytli truncate or denticulate ; inflorescence terminal.

15. B. sequinoctialis, I. Glabrous ; brancldets angular, usually tetragonal, or at
length angular-subterete ; leaflets 2 (-3), ovate-oblong or ovate, acuminate or pointleted,
entire; flowers] arge, rosy with stripes, corymbose ; calyx truncate; corolla campaoulate
above the base, roughish ; anther-cells oblong, straightish ; capsule long, broadly linear,
blunt at the margin : valves slightly keeled; se^&s broadly rounded at the extremity : wings
opaque, nearly as broad as the middle part.— Dew. FI. 2. t. 100 — B. spectabilis, V. B.
sanneutosa, Bertol. Leaflets 6 —3", corolla 2"— 3", capsule 18"— 12’' long; seeds (the wings
included) I5" broad, 1 O'" long. — LIab. Dominical, Imr.; [Portorico ! and Mexico! to
Guiana! and equat. Brazil !].

16. B. laurifolia, V. Brancldets puberulous or glabrescent, cylindrical ; leaflets 2,
elliptical or elliptical-oblong, bluntish, glabrous, reticulated-veiny, entire ; flowers rosy,
paniculate ; calyx truncate orrepand; corolla campanulate, tomeidose ; anther-cells shortly
oblong, blunt, straightish.— B. Sinclairii, Benth. I — Leaflets 3"-6"; corolla 1 "-2" long.—
Hab. Lrinidad !, Lockh. ; [Guadeloupe!; Panama !, Ecuador !, Venezuela !, GniaDa!].

17. E. mollis, V. Brancldets tomeniose or glabrescent, cylindrical; leaflets 3 (-2),
ovate or ovate-oblong, pointed, velvety, at length puberulous above, tomentose and veiny
beneath, repand-entire ; flowers paniculate ; “ calyx minutely 5-dentate ; corolla pubescent ;”
capsule linear: valves flat, keeled with a filiform midrib ; seeds subtruucate-oblong : wings
pellucid, half as broad as the middle part. — V aid, Ic. 1. 10. — Flowers precocious, purple ( Cr .),
about l" long (Buchass.) ; leaflets 5 — IV', capsule lO^— 2" long ; seeds (the wings included)
l"-li" broad, 4'" long. — LIab. Trinidad!, Or. ; [Panama!, Venezuela!, Guiana].

** Calyx-lobes unequal ; inflorescence axillary.

18. B. Martini, DC. Glabrous; branchlets cylindrical; leaflets 2, ovate, subcordate
at the complicated base, pointleted, entire ; racemes axillary, few-flowered ; pedicels nodding,
as long as the calyx; calyx obconical, 3(-5)-lobed; corolla campanulate above the sleuder
base, glabrous ; anther-cclls ovoid-oblong; capsule long, linear : valves flat, sharply keeled;
seeds oblong : wings pellucid above, twice to thrice as broad as the roundish middle part.
—Leaflets 4"-3" long : tendril formed by the abortion either of the terminal or a lateral
leaflet; calyx 5'"— 7'", corolla 2", capsule 18" long, the latter 8'" broad ; seeds (the wings
included) 20"'-] 8'" broad, 7"'-6"' long. — Hab. Trinidad!, Cr. ; [Guiana!].

19. B. unguis, L. Glabrous; branchlets angular, at length cylindrical ; leaves stipu-
late : leaflets 2, shining, elliptical or elliptical-lanceolate, crenulate-subentire ; fascicles
2(4-l)-flowcred, precocious, at length axillary ; calyx broadly campanulate, loose, obliquely
3-crenate : crenatures broad; corolla yellow, glabrous: tube subcyliudrical ; anther-cells
oblong, incurved; capsule long, narrowly linear, blunt at the border, slightly keeled ; seeds
linear-oblong : wings pellucid at the extremity, much broader than the middle part.— Dew.
FI. 3. 1. 199. — B. tcquinoetialis, Sieb. Mart. 164! — Tendrils often 3-fid, leaflets variable;
calyx 6'"— 8"', corolla 1 3", capsule 18"— 12" long, the latter 4'" broad; seeds (the wings
included) 15"'-12"' broad, 2'" long. — LIab. Antigua!, Nichols., WullscM., Dominica!,
Imr. ; [Cuba! to French islands !].

20. B. rufinervis, Hofmanns. Glabrous; branchlets cylindrical; leaflets 2-3, oval,

BIGNONIACEiE.

449

7. MACFADYENA, A. DC.

Character of Bignonia, but calyx 1-lipped or spathaceous.— Glabrous, shrubby climbers ;

leatiets 2, with a tendril, or 3, shining above.

op M uncinata, A. DC. Branchlets cylindrical ; leaflets 2, ovate or ovate-lanceolate
• 1,1 elllire. racemes axillary, sessile, few-flowered; calyx campauulate, 1 -lipped
2 S’ ^corolla glabrous, yellow: tube clavate, twice to thrice as long as the
aXl fnther-ceUs ovaUblong ; “ seeds oblong-linear .’’-Bignonia, Mey. Ess, j /-Leaflets
2^-2" calyx 8"'-9'", corolla 2"-2i" long— Hab. Trinidad!, Cr.; [Panama, Guiaua .].

2 oo tvi corymbosa, Or. Branchlets cylindrical ; leaflets 2-3, ovate or ovate-oblong,
eittire ; pM. «mm, compreaMd. dichototnously
mathaceoHS-l-livped beyond the middle , recurved, tubulai at the base , corona
ifrous vellowislnrosu : tube campanulate-clavate, twice to thrice as long as the calyx ;

«*•*

seeds oblon^ : wings as broad as the middle part, pellucid above. Vent. Uunx t. 4U
Spathodea, T™/. -Leaflets 6"-4", calyx 10'''-14'", corolla . 2* -3 ca^iside 4 o °n^
latter about 1" broad; seeds (the wings included] about 2 broad, 8 long. Hab. la
dad 1, Sch., Cr. ; [Panama ! to equat. Brazil 1].

8. ARABIDEA, DC.

Character of Bignonia, but stigma simple.— Leaflets 2-3 (-1), usually hoary by down
beneath ; panicles terminal and axillary, many -flower ed : flowers purple, more equal and
smaller than in Bignonia ; calyx closed in the bud.

23 A Sieberi, DC. Branchlets cylindrical, puberulous ; leaflets 2 (-1) ovate-roundish,
anicuiate, puberulous above, hoary-tomentose and reticulated-yeiny beneath ; terminal panicle
spreading, hoary-puberulous : ultimate pedicels fascicled, shorter than the calyx , calyx
truncate or obsoletely 5-denticulate ; corolla clayate-campauulate, puberulous. A larjp
climber with deciduous leaves (Cr.) ; leaflets 5"-3", panicle often 1 , calyx 2 , corolla 6 -
8"' long ; anther-cells linear, arcuate. — Hab. Trinidad !, Cr., at Piarco.

9. PITLIECOCTENIUM, Mart.

Character of Bignonia, but capsule woody, valves convex, echinate with tubercles, aud
seeds 3-serial.— Shrubby climbers; leaflets 2, with a tendril, or 3, often with minute scales
beneath ; flowers in terminal racemes, usually tomentose.

24. P. Aubletii, Sp/itg. Branchlets angular, glabratc; leaflets 2-3, subeordate-
roundish or ovate, apiculale, glabrous above, glabrate beneath, with the distant scales per-
sistent ; racemes simple ; calyx closed in the bud, loose, broadly campauulate, truncate, with
5 minute teeth below or at the margin; corolla tomentose : tube incurved, clavate- cam-
panulate ; capsule oblong, echinate with stout, bluntish tubercles ; seeds oblong : w mgs
much broader than the middle part —Aubl. t. 263, 264.— Bignonia echinata, AubL, Sw.
(non Jacq.).— A high climber ; flowers pale-rosy [Stv.), straw-coloured (Wi/s.) ; leaflets 5 -
3", calyx 4'", corolla 1J" long ; anthers subexserted : cells oblong, slightly incurved ; cap-
sule 10"-8” long, li''-2" broad; seeds 3" broad, 10"'-12"' long.— Hab. Jamaica 1, Bancr.,
March, Wils. ; [Cuba!, Mexico!, Venezuela [ Guiana].

10. AM PHILOPHIUM, Kth.

Calyx shortly-campanulate i limb double, exterior undulatc-rcpnnd, slightly o-lobcd,
spreading, interior closed in the bud, at length lacerate, Corolla cumpanulate: limb

450

ACANTI-IACE2E.

2-J^ped didynamous : anther-cells diverging-pendulous. Ovary 2-celled. Stigma

2vlnmdatc. Capsule elliptical, pointed at both ends : seeds imbricate, winged at both sides ”
^;:T3^,mberS: eaV6S °PP0Sile> ; flowers in terminal racemes; peduncles

ilJf' AI panic,“latul“> Kih- Scaly with minute points; rusty down on the angles of
the b anchlets and petioles and on the leaflet-ribs beneath, stellate none; leaflets 2, ovate
pointleted ; corolla whitish-blue. —Jacq. Amer. Piet. t. 175.— Bignonia, Jacq.— Hab.
Dominica \, Imr. ; [Guadeloupe !, Mexico to Peru !]. J

11. ADENOCALYMNA, Mart.

Character of Bignonia but capsule cylindrical, woody, and seeds wingless.— Shrubby
climbeis; leaves 2 3 -foholate; calyx usually glandular belov) the margin.

ihe trait of the West Indian species is unknown to me, but perhaps the woody, cylin-
dncal capsule described from a Jamaica specimen in the British Museum by Miers (Ann.
i at. Hist, in- 7. p. 167) may belong to it; for though he referred that fruit to Tanacium,
it disagrees with Sloane s description of the latter genus.

26. A. alliacea, Mrs. Glabrous ; leaflets 2, large, elliptical ; corymbs axillary, few-
flowered, exceeded by the leaves ; calyx truncate or minutely 5-denticulate : glands obsolete •
corolla white : narrow part of the tube much longer than the calyx.— Bignonia, Lam., Sw.

Leaflets 8 -4 , calyx 3 , corolla 2 -3" long. — Hah. West Indies (Sw.), probably Jamaica;
[Haiti!; Guiana !],

12. TANiEClUM, Sw.

Calyx campanulate, closed in the bud. Corolla infundibular : tube elongated filiform-
chivate. Stamens didynamous : anther-cells diverging. Ovary 2-celled, Stigma 2-lamel-
late. Fruit mdehiscent, pulpy ; seeds wingless.”— Shrubby climbers ; leaves 2-3 -foliolate;
flower s corymbose : corolla wholly or on the lobes powdery-puberulous.

Ihe character of the fruit is taken from Sloane and Swartz : from Miers’s recent obser-
vations (/. c. iii. 8. p. 116) it would appear, that the fruit is a capsule, analogous to that of
Adenocalymna, a statement not compatible with the descriiitious of the authors quoted
below. ’

27; T. Jaroba, Sw. Leaflets membranaceous-chartaceons, ovate or elliptical, with a
bluntish point, glabrous; corymbs axillary, few-flowered; calyx tubular-campanulate, sub-
truncate ; corolla white, wholly puberulous : lobes ovate, blunt, undulate ; 2 anthers
exserted ; style as long as the tube.—Sw. Ft. t. 20. f. 1 : the flower. — T. albiflorum, DC.
—Pith of the branches cyliadi ical ; leaflets 5"-3", calyx 5,"-8"'i corolla 6,?-8" lonf ;
“ berry exactly like a calabash, only smaller” (SI.), “oblong, 1' long ” (Sw.).— Hab. Ja-
maica!, Hist., March, Wullschl. ; [Guiana I, Brazil!].

28. T. crucigerum, Seem. ! Leaflets leathery, oval, glabrous ; racemes few-flowered,
axillary and terminal; calyx tubular-campanulate, subtruucate; corolla wholly puberulous :
lobes deltoid, pointed, undulate ; 2 anthers exserted ; style as long as the tube— Plum. Ed.
Burm. t. 5S.— Bignonia L. Pith of the branches cross-shaped ; leaflets 3"-4", calyx 6"',
corolla 6"--7" long. — Hab. Dominica !, Imr., S. Vincent !, Guild.

29. T. exsertum, Gr. (n. sp.). Leaflets membranaceous, ovate or oval, blunt, glabrous ;
corymbs many-flowered ; calyx tubular-campanulate, 5-muoronulate-truncate ; corolla wholly
puberulous: lobes ovate-oblong, bluntish, undulate ; 2 anthers shortly exserted; style long-
exserled. — Corolla half as long, as in the two preceding species. Leaves 4,,-3,,J calyx 6 ,
corolla 4"-3", style 5"-4>' long,— Hab. Jamaica!, March.

C XV. ACANTHACEiEi

Stamens inserted into the sympetalous, usually 2-lipped corolla, didynamous or two.
Ovary superior, mostly syncarpohs, 2-celled : ovules along the axis, usually definite, ascend-
ing. fruit mostly capsular, elastically loculieide : dissepiment usually 2-partile, often bearing
hooked appendages (the retinacula) along the margin of each seed.' Embryo cxalbuminons.

ACANTHACEiE.

451

— Leaves opposite, exstipulate , usually entire or crenulate-repand : the pair often unequal ;
herbaceous parts usually lineolate {by adnate down) ; flowers usually supported by brac-

teoles ; seeds mostly compressed. . .

This Order is mucilaginous; it affords slightly bitter or aromatic drugs ( Dianthera ).
Fixed oil is extracted from the seeds of Sesamum : this genus, though anomalous, approaches
Acanthacece by Thunbergia.

Tribe I. ECHMATACANTHE2E, Ns .—Dissepiment of the capsule 2- partite . Seeds
supported by retinacula {except in Elytraria).

Series 1. Ruellideee, T. Anders. MS. — Corolla-lobes sinistrorsely contorted. Filaments

connected in pairs at the base.

L ELYTRARIA, V.

Calyx 5-4-partite, unequal. Corolla small, 2-lipped. Fertile stamens 2 : anther-cells
parallel. Capsule 8-seeded: segments of the dissepiment adnate to the valves : letiuacula
none, — Herbs ; superior leaves transformed into decussate , oppressed scales, inferior rosulate ;
flowers spicate ; bracts and bracteoles scarious.

1. E. tridentata, F. Annual; rosulate leaves lanceolate-oblong, scales subulate-lanceo-
late • bracts subulate, ciliate, awned, superior often emarginate.— E. frondosa, fasciculata,
and ramosa, Kth. E. apargiifolia, Ns— Valuable in the scaly branches all from the base
or axillary, the down, the spikes simple or ternate, the bracts acuminate or awned from the
emarginate top. — Hab. Trinidad !, Loclch., on rocky soil; [New Mexico ! to Buenos Ayres !].

2. RUELLIA, L.

* (Dipteracanthus and Cryphiaeanthus, Ns.)

Calyx 5-partite or deeply 5-fld, snbequal. Corolla infundibular : limb subequal. Stamens
didynamous, included : anther-cells parallel. Capsule 4— 24 (—2) -seeded : segments ol the
dissepiment adnate to the valves, often at length reduced above the seeds. — Herbs or shrubs ;
flowers axillary, racemose, or in axillary cymes.

Sect. 1. Gymn acanthus, Oerst. Calyx deeply Is -fid. Capsule not compressed, 4s-8-seeded
above the solid base : retinacula denticulate at the summit. Flowers axillary, sessile,
ebraeteolate.

2. R. g-eminiflora, Kth. Herbaceous or suffrutescent, hairy or glabrescent ; leaves

lanceolate, lanceolate-oblong, or ovate, subsessile ; flowers 2—1 in the axil ; calyx-segment s
linear- acuminate ; corolla-tube enlarged from the middle ; capsule ovoid, pubescent, 4-seeded
above the base.— Dipteracanthus, Ns. /—Usually l'-2' high ; calyx purple corolla

V'-lf long.

[a. Down spreading; leaves ovate-oblong or oblong, long.]

/3. any ust folia. Down spreading ; leaves lanceolate, lV'-2i" long. — D. geminiflorus,
j sar. angustifolius, Ns. !

y. canescens. Down pubescent, short ; leaves oblong-lanceolate, 1" long. — Dipteracan-
thus canescens, Ns. I

Hab. Jamaica 1, Macf, Pd., IFi/s., March, in savannahs {y) ; Trinidad!, Lockh., Cr. (0) ;
[Cuba ! and Mexico ! to Peru 1 and Brazil 1].

Sect. 2. Aphkagmia, Ns. — Calyx deeply 5-parlite. Capsule subcompressed, 16-4(-2)-
seeded: retinacula subulate. — Cymes spreading, axillary : 2 bracts below the lateral
flowers.

3. R. paniculata, L. Shrubby, glandular ; leaves ovate-lanceolate, cuneate at the
pelioled base ; cymes in a divaricate panicle ; calyx-segments linear-liliform : bracts lanceo-
late; corolla-tube enlarged above the middle; capsule oblong-linear, laterally subcompressed,
8-12-seedcd above the base: seeds smooth. — St. t. 100./. 2. — Dipteracanthus, Ns. ! — 2'-
3' high, trailing ; calyx 4'", blue corolla V long. — Hab. Jamaica 1, Macf, March, in dry
hedges of the southern hills ; [Mexico to Venezuela].

452

ACANTHACE2E.

Sect. 3. Cryphtacanthus, Ns. — Calyx 5 -pa rt lie . Capsule subterete, 6—24-seeded from

near the base : retinacula bluntish at the summit,— Cymes terminal and axillary : 2

bracts below the lateral flowers.

4. R. tuberosa, L. Herbaceous, glabrescent, glandular above; leaves elliptical ,
bluntish , cuneate at the petioled base ,* cymes dichotomous, often in a spreading panicle;
calyx-segments linear-filiform, much longer than the linear bracts ; corolla-tube enlarged,
below the middle: narrow part exceeded by the calyx; capsule lanceolate-oblong, 10-12-
seeded, pubescent. — SI. 1. 95./. 1 • the fruit and a leaf. Desc. Ft. 2. t. 113.— R. clandes-
tina, L. Crvphiacanthus barbac^nsis, Ns. 1— l'-2' high ; calyx 5"'-8"', blue corolla H"-
2", capsule 6"'-12'" long.— Hau. Jamaica!, all coll., along road-sides; Antigua!, Wullschl.,
Dominical, Imr., Barhadoes ; Trinidad I, Sieb.Tr> 91; [Texas!, California!; Cuba! aud
Mexico 1 to Guiana 1 aud Peru] .

5. R. acuminata, Gr. (n. sp.). Herbaceous, glabrescent; leaves oblong-lanceolate,
acuminate, tapering into the petiole, subentire ; cymes few-Jlowered : flowers shortly pedi-
cellate, several olteu one-sided ; calyx pilose : segments linear-acuminate, much longer than
the lanceolate bracts ; corolla-tube enlarged much above the middle : cylindrical part twice
to thrice as long as the calyx ; capsule spathulate-lanceolate, poiuted, 8-6-seeded, ptiberu-
lous, included in the calyx. — Allied to Crypli. macrosiphon, Ns. Stem H high, ascending,
leafy ; leaves 3"- long, about 1” broad, lineolate, glabrous, veiny, nearly as long as the
axillary cymes ; bracts 2'", calyx 6"I—8I", narrow part of the corolla 1 campanulate part
6"'-8'", roundish lobes 8"', capsule 6"1 long ; seeds smooth, flat-compressed, round, puberu-
lous: margin thickened. — Hab. Jamaica 1, March, in the mountains,

3. STEMONACANTPIUS, Ns.

(Arrhostoxylum, Mart.) *■

Calyx 5-Gd or 5 -partite, equal, Corolla-tube slightly curved, clavate ! lobes spreading,
subequal. Stamens didynamous, exsert.ed : anther-cells parallel, often produced beyond the
connective. Capsule of Ruelha. — Shrubs or herbs ; cymes paniculate or contracted.

(i. S. macrophyllus, Ns. ! Sbrubby ; leaves ovate, pointleted, contracted into the
loug petiole, glabrescent , cymes loose, long-peduncled : pedicels 2-braoteolate near the
summit; calyx ts-fid to the middle : lobes lanceolate, acuminate ; corolla crimson ; anthers
sagittate-incumbent; capsule \2-20-seeded above the middle, spathulate, contracted into the
solid claw below the seeds : retinacula subulate. — Vahl, Symb. 2. t. 39. Bot. Reg. 1846, t. 7.
Bot. Mag. t. 4448. — Ruellia, V. S. Humboldtianus, Ns. — Leaves 6,,-4", calyx 4"'-5w,
corolla capsule 8'" long. — Hab. Jamaica!, Waters, March; [Cuba aud Mexico to

Venezuela 1 and Guiana].

7. S. fulgidus, Gr, Shrubby ; leaves ovate, pointed or shortly acuminate, contracted
into the long petiole, glabrous; cymes contracted, 5-flowered, long-peduncled: flowers
sessile, supported by bracts ; calyx 3-fid beyond the middle : lobes lanceolate-acuminate ;
corolla crimson ; anther-cells produced beyond the connective, bluntish at the base ; cap-
sule 12-16 -seeded, spathulate : solid claw half as long as the cells: retinacula 2-3-denticu-
latc at the summit. — Arrhostoxylum, Mart., Ns. 1 — Proportions of the preceding; flower-
heads supported by a pair of leaves. — TIab. S, Vincent 1, Guild. ; [Venezuela 1, New
Granada],

8. S. coccineus, Gr. Shrubby; leaves ovate-lanceolate, bluntish, petioled; cymes
contracted, 3-flowercd : peduncle exceeded by the leaf: flowers sessile, supported by bracts ;
calyx deeply a -fid: lobes lanceolate-linear ; corolla crimson ; anther-cells produced beyond
the connective, pointed at the base ; capsule 8-seeded above the middle, spathulate, con-
tracted into the solid base below the seeds. — Plum. Ed. Bunn. t. 43./. 1. Desc. FI. 7.
t. 476. — Leaves 2"-l", calyx 3"', corolla L"-H", capsule 6'" loug. — Hab. Dominica 1, Imr. ;
[Haiti to S. Croix].

4. BLECHUM, P. Br.

Calyx 5-partite, equal, 2-brnctcolate. Corolla infuudibular, slightly curved, nearly regu-
lar. Stamens didynamous, included : auther-cells parallel. Capsule ovoid, 8-seeded from

ACANTHACEiE.

453

thp bnse . segments of the dissepiment seceding from the valves— Herbs ; leaves lineo-
ul, ,S5; tower-fascicles ,, J,, ^ported * l«„,folUceo„, tom* tr.c '.

9 B Brownei, Juss. Annual ; leaves ovate, pointed ; spikes tetvastichous-oblong

“St mSSL*. sm.

'Mart 2oi\ B. trinitense/iVk. / .• the form with exsertedflovvers.

down the size of the leaves and of the corolla. Bracts 8'"-5" corolla 6 ' -8 long H ab.
Jamaica!, Macf., At., March, in dry soil; Antigua!, Wullschl. ; inmdad., Lockh., .,
TCulia ! and Mexico to Ecuador ; Philippine Islands !J,

Jamaica!, all coll., in moist woods, S. Anns, Manchester llanovei.

11 B an^ustifolium, 11. Br. Snfrutescent, glabrous ; leaves lanceolate-linear,
acuminate ■ splices short : brads 2-1-flowered, ovate, long-ciliate and with scattered hairs

3 — 1

ith half as lonq as the blue flowers.— mieina, ow. i . n

i", bracts 4'" long, corolla 8'"-10'" long.— Hab, Caribbean Islands !, Sic. ; [Panama !]„

5. BRAVA ISIA, DC.

(Onychacanthus, Ns.)

Calyx 5-partite, equal, 2-bracteolate : segments broadly rounded, foliaceous. Corolla
camnanulate 5-fid: limb subequal. Stamens didynamous, hairy, included : anther-cells
parallel, mucronate at the base. Capsule spathulate-oblong, subsessile, 4-8-seeded : seg-
ments of the dissepiment adnate to the valves.— Trees ; leaves large, lineo! aU above,
petioted; racemiform or “spiciform” cymes axillary or m a terminal, tnchotomous
panicle.

12. B. floribunda, DC. Branches pubescent above; leaves elliptical, cuneate at the
base elabrescent ; cvmes racemiform, paniculate ; bracteoles small, ovate-roundish ; calyx-
se-.nents oval ciliate, oueriburth as long as the white corolla.— Onychacanthus Cunimgu,
Ns— Leaves 4"-6", corolla 10'", capsule 6'" long; retinacula subulate-linear, truncate:
seeds smooth— Hab. Trinidad!, Cr. ; [Mexico and Venezuela ! to Peru],

Scries 2. Acanthidese, T. Anders. MS. — Corolla-lobes imbricative. Filaments

usually distinct.

6. LEPID AGAT HIS, W.

(Teliostachya, Ns.)

Calyx 5 (-4) -partite, unequal. Corolla small, 2-lipped, Stamens didynamoils, included:
anthers 2-celled! Capsule membranaceous, 4-seeded, sessile : segments of the dissepiment
adnate to the valves. — Herbs ; flowers or glomerules spicate : bracts and calyx scarious,
reticulated-veiny .

13. I., alopecuroideaj R. Br. Ascending from a creeping rhizome; leaves elliptical,
cuneate at the petioled base ; glomerules whorled, in terminal, dense, cylindrical spikes, or
distant at its base; bracts 2-3-flowered ; upper calyx-segment larger, elliptical, awned,
ciliate, the other lanceolate ; corolla pale-blue, nearly included ; one anther-cell placed
higher up than the other ; capsule lanceolate.— Ruellia, V. Teliostachya, Ns. Adcuosma
chenopodifolia, Sprang— Hab. Antigua!, Wullschl., Montserrat, Dominical, Iinr., S. Vin-
cent!, Guild.; Trinidad 1. Sieb. Tr. 137, Cr.; [Portorico, French islands!; Panama! to
Guiana 1 and Brazil].

7. GEISSOMEHIA, Lindl.

(Salpinxanthus, IIoo/c.)

Calyx 5-fid or 5-parlitc, slightly unequal. Corolla tubular : limb short, subequal, ex-
panded. Stamens didynamous, subincludcd : anthers I-celled, hairy. Capsule “ 4-seeded,
sessile.” — Shrubs ; flowers spicate ; bracts and bracteoles shorter than the calyx.

451,

ACANTHACE2E.

1 1. G. coccinea, T. Anders. (MS.). Glabrous; leaves oblong or elliptical-oblong, bluntisb,
tape) mg into the short petiole; spikes axillary and terminal, nearly as long as the leaves •
lowers opposite, distant, diverging ; calyx 5-lid, much longer than the roundish, glabrous
bracts, one-sixth as long as the corolla : lobes ovate or ovate-lanceolate, pointed, striate ;
corolla-lobes roundish, equal. Bot. Mag. t. 4158.— Salpiuxanthus, Hook. /—Leaves 3"-5",
calyx 2 , corolla 1' , the latter crimson, white at the throat : tube subclavate, 3'" diam
above.— Hau. Jamaica!, Pd., At., Wits., Wullschl, S. Anns, Manchester.

8. APIIELANDllA, R. Br.

Calyx 5 -partite, scarious, striate, slightly unequal. Corot lahrge, 2 -lipped : tube narrow
Stamens didynamous, exserted : anthers 1-celled, acuminate at the base. Capsule 4-seeded,
sessile : segments of the dissepiment adnate to the valves, thickened below the seeds.—
Shrubs ; flowers crimson, in imbricate, tetrastichous spikes : bracts and bracteoles rigid
usually shorter than the calyx.

15. A. tetrag-ona, Ns. ! Leaves elliptical, pointed, cuneate at the petioled base, gla-
brous; rhachis woolly; bracts ovate, pointed, entire , ciliate, glabrous on the back , shortly
exceeded by the calyx ; corolla glabrescent : upper-lip oblong-lanceolate, 2-dentate, 2-appen-

diculate near the base, inferior lanceolate, acuminate, revolute. — Jacq. Schaeubr. 3. t. 320.

Justicia, V. J. cristata, Jacq. — Leaves 10"-5", bracts 3"'-4"', corolla 2"-3" long. — Hab.
Trinidad 1, Lockh. ; [Venezuela ! to Guiana 1 and Ecuador],

10. A. pectinata, Ns. ! Leaves elliptical-oblong, pointed, tapering at the subsessile
base, hairy beneath or glabrescent ; rhachis puberulous ; bracts ovate, cuspidate, pubescent,
subserrate with a few pubescent teeth, including Ihe calyx ; corolla pubescent : lips lanceo-
late, superior 2-dentate, 2-appendiculate near the base, interior acuminate, revolute, pilose.
—Justicia scabra, V. — 8' high ; leaves 10"-6", bracts 8"'-6"', Corolla 2" long — Hab. S.
Vincent!; Guildi ; [Mexico! to Guiana 1 and Ecuador 1] .

9, PACHYSTACHYS, Ns.

Calyx small, deeply 5-fid, subequal. Corolla large, 2-lipped. Stamens 2, subexserted :
anther-cells linear, parallel, blunt at the base. — Shrubs or suffruticose herbs ; leaf-ribs cos-
tate j flowers in a terminal imbricate spike: bracts large, foliaceous.

This genus as yet is scarcely distinguished from Thyrsacanthus, except by the inflorescence,
but the capsule is still unknown.

17- P. coccinea, Ns. Shrubby, glabrous ; leaves elliptical or elliptical-oblong, petioled;
bracts ovate or oblong, poiuted, half as long as the flowers ; calyx exceeded by the bracteoles :
lobes subulate, spreading; corolla-lips narrow, half as long as the clavate tube. — Aubl. t. 3.
— Justicia, Aubl. P. asperula, Ns. ! P. latior, Ns. ! — Leaves 8"-5", calyx IV", corolla 2"
long.— Hab. Trinidad!, Sch. ; cultivated in the Caribbean Islands ! ; [Cuba!; Guiana!,
equat; Brazil !].

10. THYRSACANTHUS, Ns.

Calyx deeply 5-fid, equal. Corolla tubular, incurved ; limb expanded, subequal or 2-
lipped. Stamens 2, usually included: anther-cells parallel, blunt at the base. Capsule
sjiathUlate; clawed from the middle, 4(-2)-seeded; segments of the dissepiment adnate to
the valves. — Shrubs or herbs ; fascicled or cyviose flowers in a long, terminal raceme :
bracts small.

18. T. nitiduSj Ns. I Shrubby, glabrous; leaves oblong or lanceolate-oblone:, acumi-
nate, tapering into the short petiole ; raceme compound at the base : fascicles somewhat
distant ; culyx one-fourth to one-third as long as the corolla-tube : segments linear-acumi-
nate, spreading; corolla slightly 2-lipped: lobes ccrnuous, subequal, oblong, bluntish, about
as long as the tube. —Si. /. 10. f. 2. — Justicia; Jacq., Sw. Barleria, Jacq. — 3'-4' high ;
leaves 8"-3", pedicels 3"'-4'", crimson corolla 6"', capsule 10'" long.— Hab. Jamaica!,
Manf.; S. Kitts, Antigua!, Nichols., Wullschl., Dominion!, Imr., S. Vincent 1, Guild., Bar-
badoes 1, Jane ; [Cuba to French islands!, Sieb. Mart. 251].

Th. llookenanus. Ns., (flowers regular, ciimsoii; l'1 long) has been introduced into Jamaica.

ACANTHACEiE.

455

— Graptophyllum hortense, Ns., (Justicia picta, L.), resembling Tkyrsaoanthus, but having
recurved anthers, occurs likewise in our collections, but as a cultivated plant.

11. DIANTIIERA, Gronov., As. Gr. ( non Sol.),

(Rhytiglossa, Ns.)

Calyx 5-4-partite: segments equal, or the superior smaller. Corolla 2-lipped. Stamens
2 : anther-cells unequal, blunt at the base. Capsule clawed, 4(-2)-seeded : segments of the
dissepiment adnate to the valves —Herbs or shrubs ; flowers sessile or shortly pedicellate ,
in spikes, panicles, or axillary.

Sect. 1. Cmi.oor.ossA, Oerst — Corolla-tube elongated: lips approximate, upper lip sub-
entire or emarginate, the inferior Z-crenate. Anther-cells separated by the broad, con-
stricted connective. — Erect herbs ; raceme terminal, compound, with racemiform or con-
tracted branches : bracts small ; corolla crimson.

19. D. secunda, Gr. Stem nearly glabrous, constricted at the nodes ; leaves ovate or
ovate-lanceolate, acuminate; flowers shortly pedicellate; calyx-segments 5, lanceolate,
pointed, one-sixth as long as the corolla i stamens equalling the corolla ; distant anther-cells
nearly parallel, one smaller.— Bot. Mag. t. 2060.— Justicia, V. Rhytiglossa, Ns. !

a. Panicle spreading, usually one-sided; corolla long.

j8. geniculata. Panicle short, somewhat contracted ; corolla l"long. — Bot. Mag. t. 2487.
— Justicia, Sims. Rhytiglossa, Ns.

y. lucida. “Panicle spicil'orm-contracted ; corolla 2" long.” — Bot. Mag. A 1014. —
Justicia, V. Rhytiglossa, Ns.

Hab. Jamaica!, Wullschl. (0) ; Antigua!, Wullschl. (a), S. Vincent!, Build.; Trini-
dad !, Sieb. Tr. 139, Sch., Loflch. ; [French islands !, Sieb. Mart,', 382 ; Panama ! to Peru I
aud Guiaua !].

Sect. 2. Rhytiglossa, Ns. emend . — Inferior corolla-Up spreading, broadly S-lobed. —
Flowers spicate or axillary : bracts small.

20. D. androssemifolia, Gr. Stem slender, herbaceous or suffrutescent, glabrous
with puberulous lines ; leaves ovate or ovate-lanceolate, bluntish ; flowers distant in simple,
terminal and axillary spikes ; calyx-segments 4, linear-acuminate, one-third as long as the
corolla; corolla 2-lipped almost to the middle : tube narrow : upper lip oblong-linear, entire,
a little exceeding the stamens ; anther-cells ovoid, obliquely diverging, one placed higher
up. — Justicia, Sieb. Mart. 3801 Rhytiglossa, Ns. I — Eeaves 2"-l i", corolla 1" long. —
Hab. Dominica 1, Imr. ; [Martinique!].

21. D. pectoralis, Marr. Stem slender, herbaceous or suffrutescent, glabrous, often
with a line of hairs, puberulous at the summit ; leaves lanceolate-acuminate or oblong-lanceo-
late ; flowers distant, in branched, elongated spikes, most one-sided ; calyx-segments 5,
small, linear-acuminate, one-fourth to one-sixth as long as the corolla ; corolla 2-lipped to
one-fourth : upper lip ovate, entire, exceeding the stamens ; anther-cells ovoid, oblique,
separated by the constricted connective, one smaller, — Jacq. Amer. Piet. t. 4, Tuss. FI. 3.
t. 2. — Justicia, Jacq. Rhytiglossa, Ns. ! — 1 '-3' high; leaves 4"-l", corolla 4"'-5", long,
the latter rosy with a variegated throat, or pale-blue. — Hab. Jamaica !, March ; Antigua!;
Wullschl., S. Lucia, S. Vincent!, Guild.; Trinidad!, Sieb. Tr. 136, Sch., Lockh., in dry
pastures; [Haiti to French islands | ; Mexico ! to Brazil !].

22. D. reptans, Gr. Glabrescent ; stem creeping, delicate ; leaves deltoid-ovate,
pointed or bluntish ; flowers few, distant in a simple, filiform spike, one-sided ; calyx-
segments 5, linear-acuminate, half as long as the corolla; corolla 2-lipped to one-fourth:
upper lip “emarginate;” anther-cells ovoid, obliquely diverging, oue placed higher up. —
Justicia, Sw. ! Rhytiglossa, Ns. — 2"-6" long; leaves 6"'-3'", corolla 3"'-4"' long, the
latter white, red-3treaked at the throat. — Hab. Jamaica (Ns.) ; [Haiti !, on moist rocks].

23. D. sesailis, Gr. Suflruticosc ; stem erect, glabrescent with lines of hairs; leaves
ovate, pointed, shortly petiolcd ; flowers single in the axils, sessile ; calyx-segments 4,
linear-acuminate, one-third as long as the corolla ; corolla 2-lippcd to one-third ; “ anther-

456

ACANTHACEiE.

cells separated by the dilated connective, one smaller;” seeds tubercled. — Jacq. Amer. Piet.
A3. — J usticia, Jacq, Rhytiglossa, Ns, Siphonoglossa, Oerst. — 1'-2' high ; leaves
rosy corolla 8'" long 5 capsule elliptical-lanceolate Tclaw as long, — Hab. Antigua!, Wullschl. ’•
[Haiti to S. Eustaehe, among shrubs],

24. D. comata, L. Annual, rooting at the base, glabrcscent, usually glandular at the
summit ; leaves ovate or lanceolate, cuneate or tapering at the subsessilc or shortly petioled
base; flowers distant in filiform, whorl ed-umbellale spikes; calyx -segments 5, linear-
acuminate, about half as long as the oorolla ; corolla 2-lipped to one-third ; anther-cells
ovoid, contiguous : superior oblique, inferior vertical ; seeds muricate. — SI, t. 103./. 2. —
Justicia, Sw, J. humifusa, Sw. Leptostaehya comata, Martiana, and parviflora, Ns. —
Hab. Jamaica 1, all coll., in swamps and wet pastures ; Trinidad 1, Sch., Lockh. ; [Cuba!
.and Mexico! to Peru ! and Brazil!],

12. JUSTICIA, L.

(Adhatoda and Gendarussa, Ns.)

Calyx 5 -partite ! segments equal (or the superior smaller). Corolla 2-lipped : inferior
lip spreading. Stamens 2 : one anther-cell placed higher up than the other, inferior mnero-
nate or callous at the base. Capsule of Dianthera. — Shrubs or herbs ; flowers spicate or
axillary ; bracts foliaceous.

25. J. eustachiana, Jacq. Shrubby, glabresoent, constricted at the nodes; leaves
lanceolate or oblong, aouminate with a bluntish point ; spikes few-flowered or interrupted
below, peduncled ; bracts spathulate-linear, exceeded by the calyx ; calyx-segments lanceo-
late, acuminate, one-fourth as long as the corolla ; corolla pale-purple : upper-lip emargiuate,
lobes of the inferior oblong, blunt ; anther-cells oblong, parallel. — Jacq. Amer. Piet. t. 5. —
Adhatoda, Ns. J — 3' high; leaves 6"-2", corolla 1 V' long.- — PIab. Antigua!, Nichols.,
Wullschl,, in arid soil, Montserrat; [S, Barthelemy !, S, Eustaehe, Guadeloupe !].

26. J. carthagenensis, Jaoq. Sutfruticose, glabrescenl, constricted at the nodes ;

leaves ovate, poiuted or elliptical -lanceolate ; spikes short, imbricate, sessile or shortly pe-
duncled; bracts spathulate, exceeding the calyx; calyx-segments lanceolate, acuminate,
one- third to one-fourth as long as the corolla; corolla violet: upper lip emarginate, lobes of
the inferior bluntly ovate; anther-cells oblong, parallel. — Jacq. Amer. Piet. t. 1 : a narrow-
leaved form, not occurring in our collections.- — Adhatoda, Ns. / Justicia retnsa, V. (Diclip-
tera, Juss. ; Amphiscopia, Ns.). — 3-6' high; leaves corolla 1 J" long. — Hah. S.

Kitts !, Antigua !, Wullschl,, Dominical, Irnr„ S. Vincent!, Guild.; [S. Croix ; Mexico!
to Venezuela ! and Peru !].

27- J. sphaerosperma, V. Sutfruticose, glabrous, constricted at the nodes; leaves
ovate or ovate-obloug ; spikes terminal, imbricate, subsessile, often 8-partite; bracts lanceo-
late-linear, acuminate, exceeding the ca/gx ; calyx-segments lanceolate, acuminate, one-
third as long as the corolla; corolla red ; upper lip 2-deutate, lobes of the inferior oblong-
lanceolate, bluntish ; anther-cells oblong-linear, alternate, the superior erect, the inferior
hanging, with a bluntish spur. — Adhatoda, Ns. ! — Leaves 6"-2", spikes 2", corolla 1/ long;
seeds “compressed-globose,” — Hab. S. Vincent 1, Guild.

J. Adhatoda, L. (./. caracasana , Sieb. Mart. 381) and J. Gendarussa, L., occur in the
Caribbean collections as cultivated plants. J. racemu/osa, Wickstr. ( Tetramerium , Ns), said
to grow in Jamaica, is perhaps a Dianthera, but unknown to me.

13. BELOPERONE, Ns.

Character of Justicia, but both anther-cells callous or mucronate at the base, and inferior
corolla-lip suberect.

28. B. nemorosa, Ns. Herbaceous, suflrulesccnt, pubescent or glabrcscent ; leaves
ovate or ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, bluntish at the petiole ; spikes terminal, short, sub-
sessile: floral leaves gradually passing into the ovate-oblong bracts; calyx-segments lanceo-
late, exceeded by the bracts, one-third as long ns the corolla ; corolla purple, straighlish-
tubular, 2-lipped to one-third : lips of equal length, the superior emarginate, the inferior
shortly 3-lobed : lobes oblong, blunt ; anther-cells oblong, bluntly cornieulate at the base :

ACANTHACE2E.

457

placed obliquely above the other.— Justicia, Sw. — Leaves 5"-2£", corolla 12" 15 long.
P . ,'ir ,• ii n/: o,/ 1 7,,..,./. in mnist. woods, the glabrescent form ou

calcareous rocks.

14*. ERANTHEMUM, L,

tp.nlate.

tp.nlate.

duced from the East Indies].

15. ANTHACANTHUS, Ns.

Character of Eranthemum., but calyx 5-part, ite, ebracteolate, and corolla-limb 2-lipped,
the upper lobes being less expanded.— Shrubs ; spines axillary, ( rarely wanting,) sometimes
growing out into spinescent branchlets ; pedicels axillary or lateral, solitary or fascicled,
bracteolate at the base ; corolla 5 dobed almost to the middle ; capsule contracted into the
solid claw at the middle, (except in a new Cuba species).

30 A. Bpinosus, Ns. Glabresceut; spines stout, nearly horizontal or slightly recurved,
often exceeding the minute, spathulate or elliptical, leathery leaves -.pedicels fascicled, as
long as the calyx-, corolla blue: lube twice as tong as the calyx : lobes oval ; capsule
pointed. — Jacq. Amer. Piet. t. 2.— Justicia, L. A. emarginntus , Ns. ex descr.—Mh high,
viraate, very spiny, variable in the leaves and in the size of the spines ; leaves 2 —6 , calyx
2"\ corolla 6",-8'") capsule 8"' long. — Hab, Bahamas!, Swains.; Antigua!, Nichols., on
maritime, calcareous rocks ; [Cuba! to Martinique].

31. A. armatus, Ns, Branchlets pubcrulous, often unarmed above ; spines slender,
spreading, exceeded by the cuneate-oblong or elliptical, retuse, chartaceous leaves ; pedicels
filiform, solitary or fascicled, as long as the flower (or somewhat shorter) ; corolla red :
tube 3-4 times as long as the small calyx : lobes oblong ; capsule pointed.— Justicia, Sw.!:
a large-leaved form. A. acicularis, Ns. ! ( excl/ts . syn. Sw.) i the common, small-leaved form.
— 3'— 12' high ; spines 4"'-6"', leaves 6"'-8'", rarely l"-li", pedicels 8"'-5'", calyx 1"' long ;
corolla crimson or pale-purple, 6"'-8"', capsule 6'"-4'" long.— 11ab. Jamaica!, At., Wils.,
March, Wullschl,, iu rocky mountains.

32. A. jamaicensis, Or. Branohlets puberulous ; spines setaceous, spreading, exceeded
by the ovate-deltoid or ret use-oval, mucronulate submemhrauaceous leaves; pedicels solitary,
as long as the calyx ; corolla white : tube scarcely twice as long as the calyx : lobes oval ;
capsule mucronu! ate-bluntish. — Justicia acicularis, Sw. — Diffuse, 1' high ; spikes 3'", leaves
10'"-5'", pedicels l'"-2'", calyx lj'", corolla 5"', capsule 6"' long.— Hab. Jamaica!, Wils.,
common on calcareous rocks of the southern districts,

33. A. micropfryllus, Ns. Branchlets rigid, hispidulous-pubescent ; spines subuli-
form, spreading, exceeded by or exceeding the minute, spathulate, chartaceous leaves;
pedicels solitary (or fascicled), twice as long as the calyx (or shorter) ; corolla white : tube
Mimes as long as the small calyx : lobes oval; capsule pointed. — Justicia, Lam. A. ly-
cioides, Ns. : the small-leaved form. A. cuneatus. Ns. I -. a ptibesceut form, with longer
spines, passing into the common one by Eranthemum spinosum, Berter. ! — 8'-12' high, or
lower; leaves 6"'-l£"', spines 4"'-li , pedicels 2"'-l calyx V", corolla 6'", capsule
6"'-10"' long. — Hab. Jamaica 1, Macf, Berter., Wils,; Antigua!, Wullschl. ; [Haiti! to
French islands 1, on arid hills].

Calyx 5-partite, equal, Corolla 2-lipped. Fertile stamens 2 : anther-cclls blunt at the
base, one placed higher up than the other. Capsule 4-seeded : segments of the dissepiment
elastically separating from the valves. — Herbs (or shrubs) ; glomcrules few{-\) -flowered,

1G. DICLIPTERA, Juss,

458

ACANTHACEIE.

paniculate , umbellate, or axillary ; flowers bracteolate, apparently inverted with respect to
the primary axis.

34. D. martinicensis, Juss. Glabrescent ; leaves ovate or ovate-oblong, pointed ;
peduncles 3-5-nate, axillary or in interrupted racemes : glomerules supported by 2 large,
ovate, cuspidate bracts : one bract somewhat larger than the other ; corolla rosy : tube
narrowly cylindrical, lips oblong-linear, subeutire, one straight, the other revolute; capsule
shortly clawed. — Jacq. Amer. Piet. i. 6. — Justicia, Jacq. — 2' high ; leaves 2"-4", larger
bracts 8"'— 10"', corolla l-a", capsule 4'" long. — Hab. Trinidad !, Sieb. Tr. 173 ; [Marti-
nique !, in shady plaoes].

35. D. assurgens, Juss. Leaves ovate or ovate-oblong, pointed ; glomerules distant
in compound spikes, supported by 2 lanceolate-linear or spatkulate-linear bracts, superior
solitary, inferior ternate ; corolla scarlet, much longer than the bracts : tube incurved,
clavate, lips bluntly lanceolate, subentire, one spreading ; capsule shortly clawed. — Br. Jam.
t. 2. f. 1. — Justicia, L. D. Vahliana, Ns. ! (J. sexangularis, L. sec. Sw.) : the form with
most bracts spathulate. D. portoricensis and mollis, Ns. : pubescent forms. — 3-4' high,
6-angular above, with spreading branches; leaves 4''-2", bracts 4'"-2'", corolla
capsule 3'" long, — Hab. Bahamas 1, Swains.; Jamaica!, all coll., along the coast : Trini-
dad !, Sch, ; [Cuba ! and Mexico ! to Venezuela].

17*. ANDROGRAPHIS, Wall,

Calyx 5 -partite. Corolla 2 lipped. Stamens 2 : anther-cells parallel, unequal, bearded
at the base. Capsule sessile, 16-4-seeded: segments of the dissepiment adnate to the
valves : seeds subglobose : retinacula deciduous. — Herbs ; flowers purple, in axillary or
oompound racemes.

36*. A. paniculata, Ns. Annual, glabrous, glandular at the summit ; stem 4-gonal,
trichotomous ; leaves lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate ; racemes in a spreading panicle ; co-
rolla-tube clavate; capsule oblong-linear, 12-16-seeded. — Wight, Ic. 2. t. 518. — 1-2'
high; corolla 6"', capsule 8"' long. — Hab. Naturalized in Jamaica !, Al., Pd., March, iu
shady places, S. Vincent I, Guild.; [East Indies 1],

Tribe II, Til UN BEP, G I EJE. — Placenta cohering in the axis i retinacula none.

18*. THUNBERGIA, I.fil.

Calyx cyathiform, 5-many-lobed or truncate, enclosed by 2 large braetlets.. Corolla
salver-shaped: limb 5-partite, subequal, imbricative. Stamens didynamous, included:
anther-cells parallel, ciliate. Capsule 4-2-seeded, contracted into a large beak : dissepi-
ment separating from the introflexed valves : seeds subglobose, perforated at the base.
Pubescent climbers ; flowers axillary, peduncled or racemose.

37*. T. fragrans, Boxb. Leaves ovate or ovate-lanceolate, pointed, subcordate or
hastate at the base; calyx 5 -fid ; corolla pale-yellow, purple at the throat : lobes obversely
deltoid, 3-crenate at the top, nearly as long as the tube; capsule globose, one-half to one-
third as long as the stout, subuliform beak.— Corolla-tube 1", capsule (the beak included)
about 1" 1 ong. — 1 1 ah. Naturalized in Jamaica 1, Al., Antigua !, I Yallschl,, Tiinidad !, Sieb.
Tr. 221 ; [East Indies!].

19*. SESAMUM, L.

Calyx 5-partite : upper segment smaller. Corolla. 2-lipped. Stamens didynamous, in-
cluded : anther-cells parallel. Capsule many-seeded, beaked : cells nearly 2-locellate by
incomplete, spurious dissepiments, proceeding from the middle of the valves : central pla-
centa separating from the introflexed valves : seeds angular (or compressed).— Annual herbs ;
leaves bearing minute points beneath, superior often alternate ; flowers axillary , shortly
peduncled.

38*. S. orientate, L. Erect, pubescent ; leaves ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, entire or
inferior coarsely toothed below ; capsule ovoid-oblong, 4-furrowed, shortly beaked.— Besc.
Ft 4 l 268— S. indicum, A.— Corolla rosy-white, 1"-1J" long.— Hab. Naturalized and
cultivated in Jamaica, and Caribbean Islands, [introduced from the East Indies].

GESNERIACEiE.

459

CXYI. GESNEEIACEiE.

Stamens inserted into the sympetalous, imbricative, usually irregular corolla, didynamous
(or 2-5) : anthers mostly cohering. Ovary paracarpous : placentro 2, buamellate, usually
manv-ovulate. Embryo cylindrical (rarely with broad cotyledons) : albumen thin or none.
Herbs or shrubs, often epiphytical ; leaves simple, exstipulate, usually opposite {but al-
ternate in several West Indian genera) ; inflorescence centripetal.

Tribe I. G ESNERIE/E.— Embryo cylindrical, enclosed by albumen. Calyx adnate to

the ovary.

1. GESNERIA, Mart.

Calyx-limb 5-partite. Corolla campauulate or tubular : limb shortly 2-lipped. Stigma
entire. Capsule half-superior, medianicide at the summit.— Leaves opposite; flowers m
corymbs or racemes.

1. G. corymbosa, Sw. 1 Shrubby, scabrous; leaves ovate, pointed, obsoletely serrate,
shortly petioled ; corymbs axillary, long-peduncled : peduncles exceeding the leaves ; calyx-
lobes subulate, as long as then- tube ; corolla tubular, slightly incurved, gradually enlarged
from the middle, scabrous-pubescent, nearly devoid of basilar gibbosities ; hemiepigymc
glands connected into a ring— 1' high ; leaves 2", crimson corolla 8"', ellipsoidal capsule
S'" long. — Hab. Jamaica I, Sw., on limestone rocks of the southern districts.

2. ISOLOMA, Decs.

Calyx-limb 5-partite. Corolla-tube clavate : limb short, subequal. Stigma 2-fid. Ovary
half-superior. — Stoloniferous herbs ; leaves opposite ; flowers axillary or racemose.

Hanstein has changed the name of this genus into Brachyloma, on account of the priority
of Isoloma, J. Sm., which however is a synonym or section of Lindscea (Hook, sp. til.).

2. I. hirsutum, Beg. Erect, villous ; leaves ovate, pointed, coarsely serrate, long-
petioled ; pedicels long, axillary ; calyx-lobes lanceolate-linear, much longer than their tube,
nearly half as long as the straight, villous, crimson corolla. — Kth. N. Gen. 2. t. 189. — Ges-
nera, Kth.— 2'-4' high; leaves 3"-4" (-6"), pedicels 2", calyx O'", corolla 12"' long. — IIab.
Trinidad !, Cr., Waterfall at Maraccas ; [Venezuela].

3. ACHJMENES, P. Br.

Calyx-limb 5-partite. Corolla obliquely salver-shaped : limb subequal. Stigma enaar-
ginate. Ovary inferior. — Slender, stolouiferous herbs ; leaves opposite (or whorled), serrate ;
peduncles axillary, 1 -flowered.

3. A. coccinea, Pers. Pubescent ; leaves ovate-oblong, pointed, cuneate at the base;
peduncles much longer than the calyx : corolla crimson : tube subequal at the base. — Br.
Jam. t. 30./. 1. — Cyrilla pulchella, Ait., Sw. — 6"-12" high; leaves l"-2", corolla-tube
G"'-8'" long ; epigynous disk annular. — Hab. Jamaica !, Mac/., M‘Nab, Bancr., Pd., in
moist rocks of the south-eastern hills; [Mexico ! to Panama],

4. RYTIDOPHYLLUM, Mart.

Calyx-limb 5-fid : tube ecostate. Corolla obliquely campauulate, dilated below the limb.
Stamens inserted into the middle of the corolla : anther-cells oblong. Ovary inferior.
Capsule medianicide at the produced, free summit. — Scabrous shrubs or half-shrubs ; leaves
scattered ; flowers corymbose : peduncles long, opposite to a leaf.

4. R.. grande, Mart. Shrubby, simply scabrous ; leaves long, lanceolate-oblong,
tapering into a short petiole, obsoletely denticulate or subentire, pale beneath ; peduncles
equalling the leaves ; calyx-tube obconical, ns long as the deltoid lobes ; corolla greenish-
yellow, purple at the throat: limb oblique; stamens included; summit of the capsule
bluntly conical. — Gesnera, Sw. — C'-15' high : leaves 1'— IV, calyx-lobes 1 V", corolla 6'" long.

2 H

400

GESNERIACE7E.

— Hab. Jamaica!, Macf, M'Nab, Al., Pd., March, along rocky roads, S. Mary’s, between
Bath and Port Antonio.

5. R. tomentosum, Mart. Stem suffruticose, glandular-villous; leaves lanceolate
or oblong-lanceolate, acumiuate, serrate, scabrous above, villous beneath ; peduncles equal-
ling or exceeding the leaves ; calyx-tube campanulatc-obconical, as long as the bluntly mu-
cronulate, at length deltoid lobes ; corolla greenish-yellow, variegated with purple spots (or
purple), scabrous-tomentose ; stamens included ; summit of the capsule convex. — SI. 1. 104.
f. 2. — Gesnera, L. — 2'-3' high ; leaves 8"-4" (— 1 ') , calyx-lobes V", at length 2'", corolla
8"'-10'" long.- — -Hab. Jamaica !, all coll., on rocky river-banks, common ; [Cuba !, Haiti !].

5. PENTARHAPHIA, Lindl.

Calyx-limb 5-partite to the base: tube turbinate, 10 (-5) -costate, Corolla 2-lipped:
tube campanulate-infundibular or incurved-clavate. Stamens inserted, near the base of the
corolla, exserted : anther-cells ovoid-oblong, at length recurved. Ovary inferior. Capsule
medianicide at the convex, free summit. — Glabrous, resinous shrubs ; leaves scattered, pe-
tioled, rigid: veins costate ; peduncles few{-\) -flowered, axillary.

P. craniolaria, Decs, (from Swartz’s specimen) is no congener, but will prove a distinct
genus, distinguished by transverse, included anthers, the habit and down of Conradia, and
a peculiar corolla.

6. P. longiflora, Lindl. Leaves lanceolate-elliptical or lanceolate-oblong, obtusely
serrulate or subentire, tapering at the entire base ; calyx-lobes filiform from a subulate base,
one-half or one-third as long as the incurved, clavate-cylindrical, crimson corolla ; capsule
turbinate. — Ann. Sc. Nat. iii. 6. t. 7 : P. fiorida, Decs: — Gesnera ventricosa, Sw. (Conradia,
Mart.). P. Swartzii, Lindleyana, exserta ( exclus . syn. Sw.), montana, fiorida, and Hermi-
nierii, Decs. : all distinguished by variable characters, the calyx-lobes proving of different
length in the same specimen. — (>'-8' high ; leaves 3 "-6" (-8"), calyx-lobes 8"'-2"', corolla
10"'-12'" long. — Hab. Jamaica 1, Pd., Al., on rocks, Manchester ; Montserrat, Dominica !,
Finl., Imr., S. Vincent 1, Guild.; [Haiti!, French islands !, Sieb. Mart. 394].

7. P. catalpiflora, Decs. Leaves oblong, pointed, unequally serrulate, blunt at the
rounded base ; calyx-lobes linear from a subulate base, two-thirds to one-fourth as long as
the broadly infundibular corolla-tube; corolla yellow: inferior lip often as long as the
tube ; capsule turbinate. — Gesnera exserta, Sw. I (Conradia, Mart. ; Codouorbaphia, Oerst.).
P. Lessertiana and parviflora, Decs. — 6'— 12' high ; leaves 3''~5", calyx-lobes 4"'-2"', corolla-
tube 6"'-8'"long; expanded corolla often 8"' diam. at the throat. — Hab. Jamaica!, Sw.,
Macf., Wits., March, M‘Nab, in rocky mountains ; [Haiti !].

8. P. cralycosa, Decs. Leaves elliptical- oblong, with a bluntish point, unequally ser-
rate, bluntish at the base ; peduncles 1-fiowered ; calyx-lobes long-linear, filiform above,
exceeding the broadly campanulate corolla; inferior corolla-lip almost as long as the tube ;
capsule clavate. — Hook. Ic. t. 689, 690.— Conradia, Hook. Codouorbaphia, Oerst — 5'-
10' high, much branched; leaves 4''-7", peduucles 3", calyx-lobes 18'", corolla 12'" long,
the latter 8'" diam. at the throat. — Hab. Jamaica !, Pd., Macf., Manchester, mountains of
Port Royal.

6. VAUPELLIA, Gr.

Calyx-limb broadly campanulate, inflated-spreading, shortly 6 -fid, herbaceous : tube cla-
vate-cylindrical, obtusely 10-costate. Corolla 2-lipped: tube campanulate. Stamens

inserted near the base of the corolla, exserted : anther-cells oblong, erect. Ovary inferior :
style surrounded at the base by an annular disk : stigma infundibular. Capsule cylindrical,
refuse at the summit, at length rupturing.— A glabrous b alf- shrub ; leaves scattered, mem-
branaceous, petioled ; veins arclied-costate ; peduncles few-flowered, axillary.

9 V calycina, Gr— Gesnera, Sw. Conradia, Mart.— 6'— 10' high ; leaves lanceolate-
oblong pointed, slightly eremite ubovc, 6"-4" long ; calyx-limb 8"'-6"' long and broad :
lobes deltoid, pointed : tube 6'" long ; corolla whitish : tube 6'" long, 2'" diam. at the base :
one lobe roundish, 3"'-2'" diam., the other smaller or reduced ; stamens twice as long as
the corolla; capsule about 10'" long.— Hab. Jamaica !, Macf., Wils., in mountain-woods,
at 3000' alt., very rare, Mnnehioueal, near Betty’s Hope, Bath.

GESNERIACE2E.

401

7. CONRAJDIA, Mart.

Calyx-limb 5-partite : tube turbinate or campanulate, often 10-costate. Corolla 2-lipped :
tube campanulate or clavate-cylindrical. Stamens inserted near tlie base of the corolla,
shorter than the corolla: anther-cells ovoid-roundish. Ovary inferior. Capsule wholly
inferior, opening by pores at the truncate summit. — Downy or glabrescent half-shrubs, rarely
herbs or shrubs; leaves scattered, often rugose: veins arched-costate ; corymbs yew- 1-
flowered, axillary, peduncled, or subsessile.

OrManthe, Hanst., I regard as a congener, as it is only distinguished by the tubular
corolla : the costate calyx-tube exists in 0. libanensis, and the difference in the growth ot the
epigynic glands presents a gradual passage.

* Corolla-tube campanulate : limb large, expanded.

10. C. humilis, Mart. Suffi'uticose, simple; pilose down scarce, disappearing; leaves
lanceolate or obversely lanceolate, acuminate, serrate above, subsessile, membranaceous ;
peduncles few-flowered, about as long as the leaves-, calyx-tube ovate, slightly \0-keeled:
lobes subulate ; corolla “ yellowish,” deflexed : tube broadly campanulate, thrice as ong as
the largest lobe: lobes entire, very unequal. — Plum. Ed. Bupm. t. 133./. 2: corolla-limb
inaccurate.— Gesnera, L„ Sw., Pcepp. Cub. /—Stem ascending, spithameous or lower, naked
below, leafy above ; calyx-lobes 2'", corolla 8'" long.— Hab. Jamaica {Lun.) ; [Cuba !, HaitiJ.

11. C. mim.uloid.es, Gr. ( n.sp .). Suffruticose, simple ; down jointed ; leaves spathu-
late, blunt, dentate-crenate above, tapering into the short petiole, membranaceous ; pe-
duncles 1-3-flowered, fiexuose, one-tliird to one-fourtli as long as the leaves ; calyx-tube
ecostate, at length terete, ovoid, pilose : lobes half as long as the corolla-tube, elliptical,
bluntish, at length excrescent, oblong ; corolla-tube broadly campanulate, about twice as
long as ’the broad lips: lobes rounded, subequal, ciliate.— Stem ascending, 6"-4" long,
naked below, glabrescent : younger parts, petioles and midrib of leaves beneath rugose with
approximate knobs or warts ; leaves 5"-3", petioles 8"'-3"' long, the former 16"'-10'" broad
above, glabrescent, except at the margin and on the midrib beneath ; peduncles filiform,
about’ 1", calyx-lobes during anthesis 3"', corolla 8'"— 10'" long— Hab. Jamaica !, Pd.,
M‘Nab, S. George at Moorce’s Gap.

12. C. neglecta, Hook.! Suffruticose, simple, glabrous (except furfuraceous aspe-
rities) ; leaves spathulate-oblong, bluntish, crenate above, tapering into the short petiole,
membranaceous ; peduncles 1-flowered, short, not much longer than the petiole ; calyx-
tube ecostate, ovate, glabrous : lobes lanceolate-acuminate, little shorter than the corolla-
tube ; corolla-tube broadly-campanulate, as long as or shorter than the broad lips : lobes
orbicidar, subequal, eeiliat e.—IIoolc. Ic. t. 874— About 4" high, ascending, naked below ;
rugosities glabrous, though “resinous;” leaves 5"-3", peduncles 2"'-8"', calyx-lobes 3"'— 5'",
corolla about l"long: the expanded corolla 1" diam.— Hab. Jamaica 1, Pd., on rocks, S.
Anns in Pedro district, Clarendon in Cave Valley.

13. C. clandestina, Gr. (n. sp). Frutescent, branched; branches and petioles rusty-
villous ; leaves elliptical or elliptical-oblong, pointleted, serrate above, subacute at the base,
chartaceous, roughish, glabrous; peduncles 1-flowered, twice as long as the petiole ; calyx
pubescent : tube obtusely 5-angular, shortly turbinate : lobes long, oblong -lanceolate, acu-
minate, as long as the corolla-tube ; corolla pubescent : tube broadly campanulate, thrice as
long as the lips : lobes short, rounded, unequal. — Branches naked below ; leaves 4 "-22",
petioles 3"'-G'", calyx-tubc 2"'-3"', lobes 8'", corolla 10'" long, the latter O'" diam. at its
throat. — Hab. Jamaica !, Wits.

** Corolla-tube subcylindrical, slightly tapering below its short, infundibular,
sub equal limb. (Ophianthe, Hanst.)

14. C. scabra, Mart. Frutescent, branched ; brauches and petioles scabrous-pubescent ;
leaves oblong-lanceolate, pointed, unequally serrulate, chartaceous, reticulated, scabrous by
minute bristles ; po.duiLclcs spreading, 3(-l)-flowered, about as long as the leaves ; calyx
scabrous : tube turbinate, at length 5-costate : lobes ovate, pointed, one-fourth to half as
long as the corolla-tube ; corolla crimson, pubescent : tube indexed, straightish, subcylin-
drical, much longer than the small, roundish, subequal lobes. — Gesnera, Sw. — 2'-4' high ;

2 u 2

462

GESNERIACEiE.

leaves petioles 2"'-4'", calyx-lobes 2"'-8'", corolla 8"' long, the latter 2"' diam.—

IIab. Jamaica I, Pel., in rocky, calcareous mountains, Hanover, summit of Dolphin’s Peak.

15. C. Sloanei, PC. SufEruticose, simple; down villous; leaves spalhulate-oblong,

pointed, crenate-serrate, and repaud, membranaceous, rugose, scabrous, villous on the ribs
beneath ; flowers fascicled in the axils : pedicels about as long as the petiole ; calyx-lube
obtusely 10 -costate : lobes linear-acuminate, much shorter than the corolla-tube, at length
excrescent, spreading ; corolla crimson, slightly puberulous : tube incurved, clavate-cyliu-
drical, much longer than the small, roundish, oblique lobes. — SI. t. 102./. 1. — Ges’nera
acaulis, L., Sw. C. hispida, Benih. /—Naked part of the stem 6”— 18” high, or reduced ;
leaves 6”-4", petioles {-&"), calyx-lobes 3'"-4'", (at length -8'"), corolla li" long.

— Hab. Jamaica 1, all coll., common on calcareous rocks.

16. C. libanensis, Gr. Suffruticose, low, simple ; down scabrous ; leaves spalhulate-
oblong, unequally serrate, and repand, membranaceous, rugose, roughish, scabrous on the
ribs beneath ; flowers fascicled in the axils : pedicels short, at length excrescent ; calyx-
tube at length obtusely 10 -costate : lobes lanceolate, acuminate, half or one-third as long
as the corolla-tube; corolla crimson, pubescent: tube incurved, clavate-cylir.drical, much
longer than the small, roundish, subequal lobes. — Bot. Mag. t. 4380.— Gesnera, Morr.
Ophianthe, Eanst. Rytidophyllum floribundum, Houtt. — Naked part of the stem often
only 1” long ; rosular leaves 4” -2", petioles 1”,-2',,J calyx-lobes 3"'-4”', corolla 9'"-10'"
long. — Hab. Jamaica !, Macf., Lane ; [Cuba !, Plaiti 1],

*** Corolla-tube narrowly campanulate, straightish : limb short, oblique; reduced stem
herbaceous. (Chorisanthera, Don.)

17. C. pumila, Mart. Nearly stemless, herbaceous; down jointed ; leaves cuneate-
spathulate, blunt, crenate above, subsessile, membranaceous : hairs scattered ; peduncles
1-2-flowered, exceeded by the leaves ; calyx-tube ovate-oblong, subecostate : lobes lanceo-
late, bluntisli, one-tliird as long as the corolla-tube ; corolla white, “ purple at the base,”
narrowly campanulate : lobes short, unequal, spreading-erect, rounded, ciliate : the superior
lip equalling the stamens. — Gesnera, Sw. — Root perennial ; rosular leaves 3''-l|”, peduncles
1”— j , corolla 6'” long. — Hab. Jamaica!, Pd., Wullschl., on moist rocks, Manchester,
Westmoreland.

Tribe II. B ESLEPIEJE. — Embryo cylindrical, enclosed by albumen or nearly exalbu-

minous (Cyrtandrem). Calyx free from the ovary. — Leaves opposite: one often smaller

in the pair (or reduced).

Episcia and Tassacia, having been found by Bentham nearly devoid of albumen, would
form a passage into Cyrtandrece, which I know no longer how to distinguish from Besleriece.

8. EPISCIA, Mart.

Calyx 5-partite, equal. Corolla infundibular, straightish, narrower than the subequal
limb : stamens inserted near its base : filaments connected in pairs. Capsule medianicide.
—Flaccid, pilose herbs; peduncles axillary, few-l-flowered.

18. E. melittifolia, Mart. Stem ascending ; leaves elliptical, pointed, crenate, long-
petioled, glabrescent ; peduncles about as loug as the petiole : flowers purple ; calyx-segments
ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, about half as long as the deflexed corolla-tube. — Bot. Mag.
t. 4720. — Besleria, L. Skiophila, Eanst.— V high or lower ; leaves 8”-4'', calyx

long. — IIab. Dominica!, Imr., S. Vincent 1, Guild.; Trinidad!, Cr. ; [French islands!,
Sieb. Mart, suppl. 14, in moist woods],

19. E.? subacaulis, GrAn.sp.). Stemless, or stem reduced ; leaves approximate,
spathulate-oblong , pointed, subserrate above, cuneate at the subsessile base : down scattered;
peduncles few-flowered, half as long as the leaves ; calyx-segments ovate-lanceolate, pointed.
— Our specimens are in fruit ; membranaceous leaves 6"-3", calyx 3"' long, its segments
reticulated, exceediug the capsule. — IIab. Trinidad !, Cr., Las Cuevas.

GESNERIACEJ1.

463

9. TUSSAC1A, Rchb.

-Erect herbs; co-

Character of Episcia, but calyx campanula!®, inflated, shortly 5-fid.-
ry mbs unibelliforni , peduncled , calyx coloured , red.

20. T. pulchella, Rchb. Down pubescent; leaves ovate or ovate-oblong, pointed,
erenate-serrate above the narrowly cuneatc, scarcely petioled base ; calyx-lobes delta ,
serrate, one-half to one-third as long as the tube ; corolla yellow, nearly regular : tube erect,
cylindrical, half as long again as the calyx.— Bob. Mag. t. 1146.— Beslena, Dow. Episcia,
Mart. Skiophila, Hand — 1' high ; leaves 7"-3", corolla 16"'-13 long.— Hab. Jamaica !,
March ; S. Vincent !, Guild. ; Trinidad!, Or.; [Cuba; Panama!].

10. BESLERIA, L., Oerst.

Calyx campanulate, at length globose, shortly 5-fid. Corolla tubular : tube straightish,
subcylindrical : limb short, 2-lipped. Stamens inserted near the middle of the corolla-tube :
filaments distinct : anthers reniform, with coufluent cells. F ericarp baccate, rupturing.
Nearly simple half-shrubs ; flowers fascicled(— single) in the axils.

21. B. lutea, L. Glabrescent ; leaves elliptical or elliptical-oblong, pointed, serrate
above, petioled ; pedicels longer than the calyx ; calyx half as long as the yellow, slightly
gibbous corolla: lobes subulate; berry globose.— Plum. Ed. Barm. t. 49.— Stem b -10
high; leaves 8"-4", pedicels 6"'-S'", calyx 5"', corolla 10"' long.— Hab. Jamaica!, all
coll., in moist mountain-woods; Dominica!, Imr S. Vincent !, Guild. ; Trinidad., Sieo, ,
[French islands ! ; Venezuela! to New Granada ! and equat. Brazil].

11. COLLANDRA, Lemair.

Calyx 5-leaved. Corolla tubular, gibbous at the base : limb short, suberect, subequal.
Stamens inserted near the corolla-base : filaments distinct : anthers reniform, with confluent
cells. Pericarp “ baccate.”— Stout, nearly simple, large-leaved half-shrubs; leaf-veins
costate-arclied ; flowers shortly pedicellate, glomerate in the axils.

22. C. petiolaris, Or. («. sp.). Down appressed-woolly ; leaves elliptical or obovate-
oblong, minutely serrulate or subentire, long-petioled, glabrescent : the pair equal ; glome-
rules ^exceeded by the petiole ; sepals lanceolate-acuminate, quite entire , woolly, exceeding
half the corolla; corolla straight above. — Leaves 12"-4", sepals 3"'-5'", corolla 5"'-8'"
long. — Hab. Dominica !, Imr.

12. ALLOPLECTUS, Mart.

Calyx 5-leaved, lax, coloured, subequal. Corolla tubular, oblique : limb short., subequal.
Stamens inserted near the corolla-base : filaments distinct : auther-cells ovoid. Pericarp
“ baccate.” — Trailing half-shrubs ; peduncles axillary, 1 -flowered.

23. A. cristatus, Mart. Pubescent by jointed, flaccid down; leaves small/ elliptical,
serrulate, petioled ; peduncles solitary, nearly as long as the leaves ; sepals crimson, ovate,
pointed, iuciso-serrate, often oblique at the base, one-third to one-half as long as the yellowish,
pilose corolla. — Jacq. Amer. Piet. t. 180. — Besleria, L. Prionoplectus, Oerst. — Woody
stem rooting ; leaves 2"-\", sepals 4"'-6"', corolla 1" long. — Hab. Nevis, Dominica !,
Imr., S. Vincent!, Barker ; [French islands!, Sieb. Marl. 161, in moist mountain-woods ;
Guiana],

13. DRYMONIA, Mart.

Calyx 5-leavcd, oblique : superior sepals smaller. Corolla oblique, broadly campanulate,
gibbous at the base : limb slightly 2-lipped : lobes large, erect-spreading, subequal. Stamens
inserted near the corolla-base : anthers transversely accumbent : cells oblong, produced at
the base. Capsule compressed, 2-valvcd. — Trailing half-shrubs ; peduncles single in the
axils, 1 -flowered.

The character of the anthers is taken only from D. cristata, Miq.

24. D. parvifolia, Gr. in. sp.). Leaves elliptical, pointed at both ends, creuulate or

*104

GESNER1ACE7E.

repand-entire, puberulous ; sepals broadly ovate, bluntish, rep and- entire, 2 inferior larger,
semicordate, superior about as long as the corolla-tube; corolla-lobes dentate; capsule
ovate, pointed. — Branch^ thick, 4-gonal ; leaves 3' -2", petioles 6"'-4/" peduncles 8"'-6/"
larger sepals H"-l" long, the latter 10'"- 12"' broad; corolla-tube 1" long, 9"' broadi
oblique iu a right angle at the base, equally subcylindrical above : lobes 8"'-5'" diain.,
partly spreading; capsule 6'" long.— IIab. Jamaica!, Pd., in moist woods near Mancha.

14. PTERYGOLOMA, Uanst.

Calyx 5-leaved, las, subequal. Corolla tubular, gibbous at the base : limb short, 2-lipped.
Stamens inserted near the corolla-base : filaments connected in pairs: anther-cells transverse,
shortly oblong or quadrate. ■ Pericarp baccate, rupturing. — Trailing, branched half-shrubs;
leaves petioled, the pair often unequal ; peduncles single or fascicled in the axils, \-floioered.

25. P. repens, Uanst. Glabrescent; leaves elliptical, pointed at both ends, remotely

serrulate above, about as long as the peduncles : one in the pair often reduced ; sepals
coloured, ovate, pointed, quite entire, half as long as the corolla-tube ; corolla yellow, red-
variegated, clavate, iufiexcd above the gibbous base : upper lip 2-fid, inferior lobes shortly
oblong, blunt.- — Pot. Mag. t. 4250. — Alloplectus, Hook. Besleria Berteriana, PC. (ex
descr.). — Leaves sepals 6"'-4'", corolla 16"'-12'" long, the latter 3"' diam. — Hab.

Jamaica!, Pd., Wullschl., Bluefield mountains at 2000' alt., Manchester; [New Granada],

26. P. pubescens, Gr. («. sp). Villous-pubescent with jointed down; leaves ellip-

tical, apiculate, remotely serrulate above : the pair unequal, the larger much exceeding the
single peduncles ; sepals green or hoary with down, ovate-oblong, pointed, quite entire,
spreading, one-third to one-fourth as long as the corolla-lube j corolla yellow, subcylin-
drical, and in curved-erect above the gibbous base : lobes short, ovate-rouudish. — Habit of
the preceding, but very pubescent ; leaves smaller about 8"'-G'", sepals 4'", corolla

about 1" long, the latter 2^'" diam. : lobes 1'" diam. — Hab. Jamaica!, Wits., Portland at
2000' alt.

27- P. cristatum, Gr.(n.sp.). Down jointed; branches purple- villous; leaves ovate,
pointed, remotely serrulate above the middle, softly pubescent : the pair unequal ; peduncles
single, as long as the calyx, equalling the petiole ; sepals green, pinnatifid with spreading,
long-ciliate lobes, tapering towards the bluntish top, one-third as long as the corolla-tube ;
corolla crimson- and yellow-streaked (in drying), clavate, erect above the gibbous, indexed
base : lobes short, reniform-roundish, subequal, ciliate. — Larger leaves 2"- 1 1" long, smaller
about half as long; sepals 4"'-5"' long, erect-spreading: their lobes 3-5-jugal, more ap-
proximate near the rounded base, passing into a pair of distant serratures above, the inferior
oblong-linear, longer than the diameter of the middle part ; .corolla l"long, 3'" diam. : lobes
1'" diam. — Hab. Jamaica !, Pd., Wits., At., Wullschl., S. Anns, Manchester.

✓

15. COLUMNEA, L.

Calyx 5-partite, subequal. Corolla deeply 2-lipped : tube narrow : lateral lobes con-
nected with the subentire or 2-fid upper lip, inferior lip narrow, deflexed. Stamens inserted
near the corolla-base : filaments connected in pairs : anther-cells transverse, shortly oblong.
Pericarp baccate, “dehiscent:” funiculi filiform. — Trailing half-shrubs; peduncles single
or fascicled in the axils, \-flowered: flowers large ; stigma 2-lobed in the West Indian
species.

* Inferior and lateral corolla-lobes difform : tipper Up subentire. (Eucolumuea, Oerst.)

28. C. scandens, L., Sw. Softly pubescent ; leaves small, elliptical, bluntish, sub-

entire; peduncles single, shortly exceeding the petiole; calyx-segments lanceolate, acumi-
nate, quite entire, one-third as long as the crimson corolla ; corolla hairy : upper lip sub-
entire, lateral lobes obliquely ovate-oblong, blunt, spreading, inferior oblong-linear. — Jacq.
II. find. 3. t. 48. — Leaves peduncles 2"'-6'", calyx 6'", corolla 1 j" long. — Hab.

Dominical, Imr. ; Trinidad!, Cr. ; [Portorico! to Guiana].

29. C. speciosa , Prl. Branclkes rusty-villous; leaves small, elliptical, bluntish, sub-
entire, pubescent or glabrate ; peduncles geminate or single, 3-4 times as long as the pe-

GESNERIACEfE.

405

** Inferior and lateral corolla-lobes nearly conform : upper lip 2-fid.
(Isocolumnea, Oerst .) .

QO r* Viicrviflfl / Pilose with iointed down ; leaves elliptical, bluntisk, serrulate

—Down shorter, and leaves olten more nispia man in w " ~ > 17

duncles 4"'-8'", calyx 8'", corolla 2" long— Had. Jamaica 1, Stv., Wullschl., on shady
mountain rocks, Manchester. ■

33. C. rutilans, Sw. I Pubescent with jointed down; leaves ovate-oblong, acuminate,
serrate above the base, usually red beneath ; peduncles 8-1, often shorter than the petiole ;
calyx rusty -villous : segments ovate-oblong, bluntisk, pinnatifid below the middle, with
a few teeth above it ; “ upper corolla-lip 2-fid, 3 inferior nearly conform, lanceolate.
Leaves 8"-2£", peduncles 4"'-6"', calyx 8"'-10"' long.— Hab. Jamaica !, Sw., Pd., in woods,
on trees, Manchester, northern districts. >

Tribe III. PE I) ALINE JE.— Seeds exalbuminous : cotyledons "broad.” Segments of
the placenta forming spurious ( mostly 4) cells by adhesion to the pericarp, leaving an
empty space in the axis— Anthers distinct : cells contiguous by their base. Ovary
superior.

Calyx 5-leaved or 5-lid, oblique. Corolla 2-lipped : tube obliquely campanulate. Stamens
didynamous or 2. Capsule beaked, medianicide, many-several-seeded : fertile cells 4. —
Viscous-pubescent, large-leaved, annual herbs; all or inferior leaves opposite, cordate-
roundish ; flowers racemose.

34. IYI. diandra, Glox. Leaves long-petioled, sinuate-dentate, all opposite ; raocmcs
terminal, subscssile ; calyx 5-leavcd; stamens 2; capsule obliquely half-elliptical, much
longer than its uncinate beak. — Jacq. Schocnbr. 3. t. 281). — Leaves G11 diam. ; sepals S'" long,
ovate, pointed ; corolla 2i,,-l f long, whitish : lobes roundish, with purple blotches. — Hah.
Antigua!, Wullschl., a weed ; [Cuba 1 ; Mexico !].

10. MARTYNIA, L.

17. CRANIOLAR1A, L.

Calyx spathaceous, 5-dcntate. Corolla salver-shaped: tube filiform, campanulate at the

40(3

CONVOLVULACEiE.

summit; : limb slightly 2-lipped, with subequal segments. Stamens didynamous Fruit
drupaceous, indelnscent, 2-heaked : fertile cells few-l-seeded.”— Viscous-pubescent herbs ■
leaves opposite, superior alternate ; flowers large, peduncled, solitary in the axils, or the
superior racemose.

35. C. annua, L.

white : tube
Piet. t. 166.
New Mexico

Leaves cordate-roundish, palmatifid : lobes dentate-sinuate ; corolla
5-6 times as long as the calyx, aud as the diameter of the limb.— Jacq. Amer
— Corolla-tube 6"-7" long.— Hab. Trinidad !. Lockh.. in savannahs • THait; .
to Venezuela !].

long. Hab. Trinidad 1, Lockh., in savannahs ; [Haiti ;

CXVII. CONVOLVULACEiE.

Stamens 5(-4), inserted into the sympetalous, mostly plaited corolla. Ovary 2-4(-mauy)-
celled, rarely paracarpous or apocarpous : ovules of each carpel 2-1, erect. Embryo mostly
curved, with the cotyledons corrugate, rarely undivided : albumen thin or none. — Stem often
twining, usually herbaceous ; leaves alternate , mostly exstipulate ; flowers cymose or single,
mostly axillary ; sepals usually distinct ; corolla-limb often repand-entire.

The milky sap is drastic : drugs, similar to the Jalap of Mexico, are obtained from
several Ipomcea, viz. I. tuberosa, cathartica, macrorrhiza, and acetosifolia. The tubers of
Ipomosce Batatas are the sweet potatoes, cultivated in all tropical countries ; the tubercles
of 7. repanda also are eatable, while the large tubers of others (except I . fastigiata) are

1. ARGYREIA, Lour.

t Calyx 5-leaved. Corolla campanulate-infundibular. Ovary 4-celled : cells 1-ovulate ;
stigma 2-lobed-capitate. Pericarp indeliiscent. — Climbers; flowers large; ovary in our
species supported by an annular disk.

1. A. tiliifolia, Wight. Puberulous ; leaves cordate-roundish, entire; peduncles 1-
few-flowered, exceeded by the petiole ; sepals leathery, rounded, one-fifth as long as the
corolla ; corolla abruptly tapering at the base ; seeds minutely puberulous. — Wight Ic.
t. 1358. — Convolvulus, Descr. Rivea, Chois. — Corolla rosy, 3” long. — Hab. Jamaica !,
Pd., along the seashore ; Antigua!, Wullschl., Dominica !, Imr. ; [all tropical countries’].

2*. A. bracteata, Chois. Branches hoary -tomentose ; leaves cordate-roundish, entire,
sericeous-tomentose beneath; cymes contracted-corymbiform, long-peduncled ; sepals oval-
roundish, mucronate, externally tomentose, one-fourth as long as the corolla ; corolla serice-
ous-tomentose (except at the plaits), abruptly tapering at the base. — Hook. Compan. Bot.
Mag. 1. t. 3. — Corolla long. — Hab. Naturalized in Jamaica !, March ; Antigua !,

Wullschl. ; [introduced from the East Indies].

2. IPOMCEA, L.

Calyx 5-leaved. Corolla campanulate or infundibular, rarely salver-shaped. Ovary 4-
6-ovulate : cells 2-4 ; stigma 2(-3)-lobed-capitate, rarely capitate. Capsule-valves sece-
ding from the dissepiment. — Climbers ; rarely trailing herbs.

Sect. 1. Caboniction, Chois. — Sepals membranaceous, at length leathery. Corolla large,

salver-shaped : tube cylindrical. Ovary 2-celled, 4- ovulate : no cupuliform disk. Cap-
sule rupturing at the base, splitting upwards into irregular valves.

3. I. bona-nox, L. Glabrous; leaves cordate-roundish, pointleted, entire or sinuate-dentate
(-3-lobcd) at the auricles ; peduncles 3-1-flowered ; sepals unequal, 2 interior oval-obloug,
blunt, 3 exterior ovate-lanceolate, terminated by a filiform appendage, one-fourth to one-
sixth as long as the cylindrical corolla-tube ; stamens shortly exserted ; “ capsule oblong :
seeds glabrous.” — SI. t. 96. f. 1. Rich. Cub. t. 63. — Calonyctiou megalocarpou, Rich.
C. speciosum, Chois, ex parte : Choisy’s diagnosis and many of his synonyms belong to I. mu-
ricata, Jacq., a purple-flowered Catonycliun, with equal, mucronate sepals. — Corolla white,
nocturnal : tube 3"-4" long, 2"'-3'" diaui. ; open limb 4"-5" diain. — 1 1 ab. Jamaica !, List.,
March; Trinidad!, Or.; [Cuba! and Mexico ! to Bueuos Ayres ! ; Pacific islands ! ; trop.
Asia ! aud Africa !].

C0NV0LVULACEA5.

467

4. I. tuba, Bon . Glabrous; leaves cordate-roundish, apiculate, cutire; peduncles
1-tlowered, at length thickened ; sepals subequal, ovate-oblong, blunt, one-third to one-
fourth as long as the cylindrical corolla-tube ; stamens included ; capsule globose enclosed
by the calyx : seeds puberulous and villous at the hilum and along the angles. Lonvo vu-
lns, Schlecht. Calonyction grandillorum, Chois. : exclus. synon — -This species, confounded
bv Choisy with Corn, grandiflorus, Jacq., is to be compared with L.longijtora, i . r.,

having, a's described by him, tw’o glauds at the top of the petiole. Corolla w'hite : tube
2^" long, 3'" diam. ; capsule 1" diain. — Hab. S. Vincent !, Guild.; [Haiti to Fiench is-
lands!; Guiaual].

Sect. 2. Operculina, Manzo. — Sepals large, scarious, at length cartilaginous. Corolla
large, infundibular or campanulate : tube broad, dilated from the base. Anthers in-
cluded, at length subcontorted. Ovary %-celled, 4- ovulate : no cupuliform disk. Cap-
sule rupturing transversely about the middle.

5 l _ ventricosa, Chois. Stem pubescent, glabrate ; leaves cordate-roundish, mucro-
nate-apiculate ; peduncles few— 1 -flowered, at length thickened: bracts oblong, deciduous;
sepals ovate, rounded, one-tldrd to one-fourth as long as the corolla ; corolla infundibulai :
tube campanulate ; capsule globose, large, thin above the middle, included by the growing,
conuiveut sepals : seeds minutely puberulous. — Convolvulus, Berter. C. grandiflorus, Jacq.
( Vind. 3. i. 69) is perhaps a larger-flowered form of the same, distinguished from Calonyc-
tion by the corolla dilated from the base.— Sepals 1", at length nearly 2" long ; corolla
yellowish-white, 2£"-3" long; capsule 1" diam.— Hab. Antigua!, Wullsclil .; Trinidad!,
Cr. ; [Swedish and French islands !].

6. I. pterodes, Chois. Glabrous ; stem and peduncles often 2-winged ; leaves cordate,
pointed, repand-entire or sinuate at the auricles ; peduncles few-1 -flowered ; sepals ovate-
roundish, half as long as the corolla ; corolla broadly campanutate-obconical, yellow ;
“ capsule globose.” — Corolla 2" long and as broad at the summit, opening at nine o’clock
in the morning {Or.). — Hab. Trinidad!, Cr. ; [Panama!, Venezuela!, Guiana].

7. I. tuber os a, A. Glabrous; leaves deeply palmatifid : segments 7, elliptical-lanceo-
late, pointleted, entire, peduncles few-flowered, at length thickened above ; sepals ovate,
rounded, half as long as the corolla ; corolla campanulate-infundibular, yellow ; capsule
globose, large, chartaceous, included by the growing, connivent sepals : dissepiment simple,
or at length obsolete : seeds pubescent. — -SI. t. 96./. 2.— A very high climber; tuber “as
large as a head,” not eatable ; common base to the leaf-segments 6'"-8"' diam. ; corolla 2"
long; capsule H"-2" diam.— Hab. Jamaica \, Bist., March ; [Cuba! to French islands ! ;
Mexico ! to Guiana ; East Indies !, trop. Africa],

Sect. 3. Schizips. — Sepals membranaceous, at length leathery. Corolla campanulate-
infundibular, white. Anthers included, at length recurved-subcontorled. Ovary 4-2-
celled, ^-ovulate, supported by a cupuliform disk. Capsule dehiscent into irregular
valves.

* Ovary ‘l-celled ; dissepiment of the capsule at length obsolete.

8. I. dissecta, Pursh. ( non IF., It. Br.). Branches pilose; leaves deeply palmatifid :
segments 7-5, elliptical-lanceolate, pinnatfid or sinuate-dentate, glabrescent ; peduncles
l(-2)-flowered ; sepals glabrous, oblong, bluutish, longer than half the corolla or half as
tong, connivent around the capsule ; ovary 2-celled ; seeds glabrous. — Jacq. Obs. 2. t. 28.
— Convolvulus, L. I. sinuata, Orteg. — Leaves yielding a flavour of prussic acid; calyx
8"'- 10"', corolla long, the latter white (or purplish at the base). — Hab. Jamaica !, A/.,
Diet., Berter., March; Antigua !, Nichols., Wullschl., S. Vincent !, Guild.; Trinidad I, Cr. ;
[southern United States; and all tropical countries !].

** Ovary 4,-celled ; dissepiment of the capsule persistent.

9. I. pentaphylla, Jacq. ( non Cav.). Branches pilose; leaves 'a -partite ; segments
elliptical or lanceolate-elliptical, pointleted, entire; cymes lax, pedunelcd ; sepals ovate-
oblong, bluutish, unequal, 3 exterior longer, densely hirsute-pilose below , longer than half
the corolla or half as long, connivent around the capsule ; capsule 4-cellcd : seeds glabrous.
— Jacq. Ic. liar. t. 319. — Convolvulus, A. Batatas, Chois , — Exterior sepals 8'"— 10'", their

408

CONVOLVULACEiE.

hairs 2 , corolla 15"' long.— Hab. Jamaica 1, Al., March; S. Kitts!, Els., Antigua!,
Wullschl., Dominica !, Imr. ; Trinidad !, Lane, Or. ; [Trench islands I, Sieb\ Marl. 280 ;
Venezuela I, Ecuador ! ; Pacific islands ! ; trop. Asia ! and Africa !].

10. I. glabra, Chois. Glabrous (or glabresceut) ; leaves 5 -partite : segments elliptical-
lanceolate or lanceolate, pointed, shortly petiolulate, entire; cymes lax, peduucled ; sepals
oblong, blunt, subequal, glabrous, about half as long as the corolla, at length spreading ;
ovary 4-celled. Aubl. t. 53 ; it. P. FI. Peruv. t. 118. b. — Convolvulus, Aubl. Batatas,
Benth. C. macrocalyx, it. P.— Sepals 10'", corolla If" long— Hab. Trinidad !, Or. ;
[Venezuela and Guiana to Brazil and Peru !].

11. I. quinquefolia, Gr. Branches pilose or glabrescent ; leaves o-partile : segments
lanceolate or elliptical-lanceolate, acuminate, serrate, the middle larger; cymes few(— 1)-
flowered, peduucled ; sepals glabrous , blunt, unequal, the interior longer, oblong, about
half as long as the corolla, appressed to the capsule, the exterior ovate ; capsule 4-celled :
seeds puberulous, at length glabrat e.—Eesc. FI. 6. t. 394.— Convolvulus, L. Batatas,
Chois. — Longer sepals 4'", corolla 8"'-9'" long.— Hab. Jamaica !, all coll. ; [Cuba ! and
Mexico ! to Venezuela !, Bogota ! and Peru],

Sect. 4. Batatas, Humph. — Sepals membranaceous, at length leathery. Corolla usually
large, broadly campanulate-infundibular, ventricose above the cylindrical base. Anthers
included. Ovary As-ovulate, 2- celled or 4 -celled at the summit by a navicular, secondary
dissepiment, supported by a cupuliform dislc. Capsule dehiscent into valves : valves
usually irregular.

* Ovary 2-celled to the summit ; seeds devoid of cotton.

12*. I. Batatas, Lam. Glabrous (or branches hispidulous) ; leaves cordate, repand-
entire, or sinuate-Z-7-lobed ; cymes peduucled, usually few-flowered; peduncles as long as
or exceeded by the long petiole ; sepals oval or oblong, mucronate, one-fifth to one-fourth
as long as the corolla, 2 exterior shorter ; corolla rosy or white ; capsule 2-celled : seeds
(immature) glabrous, except a few puberulous lines. — Puss. FI. 4. t. 1. Eesc. FI. 8. 1. 545.
Caiesb. Car. 2. t. 60: bad. — Convolvulus,!/. Batatas edulis, Chois.: but not agreeing with
his generic character. — Perhaps merely a form of the following species, transformed by cul-
ture. Root tuberiferous, eatable ; longer sepals 5'", corolla 2"— li" long.

a. Sepals and ovary glabrous, the former oval; leaves cordate-deltoid, repand or sinuate
at the auricles ; corolla rosy ; tuber brick-coloured, greenish-yellow within {March).

0- leucorrliiza. Sepals and ovary glabrous, the former oblong; leaves 5-7 (-3)-lobed
beyond the middle : lobes ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, diverging, the middle usually broader;
corolla variegated, rosy and white ; tubers white, elongated {March).

■y. porphyrorhiza. Sepals oval-oblong, long-ciliate ; ovary hispid ; leaves of a ; corolla
white ; tubers purple, yellowish- white within {March).

Hab. Naturalized in Antigua!. Wullschl. (0), and generally cultivated in Jamaica!,
March {a, 0, 7), the Caribbean Islands and all tropical countries ; [origin unknown, but
said to be American {A. EC.)'].

13. I. fastigiata, Swt. Glabrous (or glabrescent) ; leaves cordate, pointleted, repand-
enlire or sinuate-2>-^>-lobed ; cymes fastigiate, 12-few-llowered, peduucled: peduncle
exceeding (rarely equalling) the petiole ; sepals oblong, mucronate, one-fifth to one-fourth
as long as the corolla, 2 exterior shorter ; corolla purple (or white) ; capsule 2-celled :
seeds glabrous. — 1. cymosa, Meg.! I. stenocolpa, alba, and longipes, Garlc.l: the latter a
form with ciliate sepals like I. Batatas, 7. — Root tuberiferous (called wild potatoe in Ja-
maica) ; longer sepals 5'", corolla 2" long ; stem twining (while in I. Batatas it is creeping,
trailing, or with twining summits).

a. Leaves cordate-deltoid, entire.

0. platanifolia, R. S. Leaves cordate-3-lobed : middle lobe longer, acuminate, lateral
sinuate-few-dentate or entire. — Convolvulus, V. I. pandurata, May. Esseq. I {exclus. syn.
Linn),

Hab. Jamaica!, all coll, (a, rarely 0), in thickets and hedges; Autigua !, Wullschl., Do-
minica !, Pint., S. Vincent!, Guild. ; Trinidad ; [Cuba! and Mexico ! to Brazil I],

14. I. sidifolia, Chois. Glabrous; leaves cordate, usually pointleted, entire; cymes

C0NV0LVULACE2E.

409

many-flowered, corymbiform, peBuucled : peduncle equalling or exceeding the petiole ; sepa s
oblonq, blunt, bluntish or mucronulate, the interior one-tlnrd, as long as the corolla, the
2 exterior much shorter ; corolla white ; “ capsule ellipsoidal, usually 1-sceded by abortion:
seed pubescent.” — SI. t. 97./ 1. Bat. Reg. 1843, t. 24.-L cymosa, Lindl (non R. S.).
Longer sepals corolla 1" long, odorous; capsule 5-valved (SI.). Hab. Ja-

r 1 .. » » T ir‘1 nr ... .7. 1 I . 1 VTavinn

muica

Msl., Al, Wullschl., mis., March; [Cuba!, Haiti ! ; Mexico 1 to Panama!].

15. I. cyanantha, Gr. (n. sp). Glabrous; leaves cordate-oblong, bluntish, entire or

repand; peduncles l-llowercd, jointed at the middle, exceeding the petiole ; sepals oblong ,
blunt, one-fifth as long as the corolla, the 2 exterior shorter ; corolla blue : limb 5-lobed ;
capsule ellipsoidal, 2-celled : seeds (immature) pubescent, villous at the margin.— Stem her-
baceous, twining ; leaves 4"-2" long, 2"-f" broad : petiole 10"'-6"', peduncles 18 ''-8''' long ;
larger sepals 5'" long, appressed to the capsule ; corolla “ fine-blue ” (Pd.), 2 24 l ong :

cylindrical part as long as the calyx, campanulate part below the infundibular limb 8 -10
diam., expanded limb nearly 2" diam. : its lobes shortly deltoid ; anthers straight ; stigma-
lobes roundish ; capsule 6"' long, 4-seeded : seeds angular-oblong, black : down pale, mar-
ginal hairs perhaps growing into cotton. — Hab. Jamaica !, Pd., Wullschl., in the mountains
of S. Andrews, Manchester.

16. I. violacea, L. Glabrous ; leaves cordate-roundish, poiutleted, entire or sinuate-
repand ; cymes few-flowered or shortly trichotomous, peduncled : peduncle exceeding the
petiole, thickish ; sepals oblong-lanceolate, bluntish, subequal, one-eighth to one-sixteenth
as long as the corolla; corolla purple; capsule ellipsoidal, 2-celled: seeds (immature)
puberulous, “glabrat a."— Plum. Ed. Burn. t. 93./ 1. SI. t. 98./. 1.— Pharbitis, Boj —
Allied to I. variabilis, Chois., which has longer sepals. Sepals 211 -3 n! , less leathery than
in the allied species, membranaceous at the margin, glabrous ; corolla 2'l-2\'1 long.. Hab.
Jamaica !, Al. ; [Venezuela !].

17. I. setosa, Lindl. Branches and petioles hirsute with flexuose, recurved hairs ;
leaves large, cordate— *&-lobed, glabrous or glabrescent : lobes broadly ovate, sinuate-dentate ;
cymes peduncled: peduncle exceeding the petiole: pedicels clavate; sepals ovate-oblong,
blunt, mucronulate, one-eighth to one-tenth as long as the corolla, 2 exterior shorter ;
corolla purple, campanulate to the middle, broadly infundibular above it ; ovary 2-celled ;
seeds (immature) glabrous. — Bot. Reg. t. 335 : corolla not quite, but leaves perfectly
agreeing, they are similar to those of the grape.— Sepals 3"'-4"', corolla 2"-2|" long, often
3'' diam. at the summit. — Hab. Jamaica !, March, perhaps introduced; [Brazil].

** Ovary 4- celled at the summit, 2-celled below it; seeds bearing tvool.

18. I. digitata, L. Glabrous; leaves palmalifid, usually much beyond the middle :
lobes 7-5 (-3), oblong-lanceolate, rarely ovate, entire ; cymes many (-few) -flowered : pe-
duncle exceeding the petiole; sepals oval, blunt, concave, about one-sixth as long as the
corolla ; corolla rosy ; capsule 2-celled, except at the summit : seeds bearing cotton-like,
serial and terminal wool, glabrous between it. — Plum. Ed. Burm. t. 92. /. 1. Jacq.
Schcenbr. t. 200. — I. mauritiana, Jacq. I. paniculata, R. Br. (Convolvulus, L., Batatas,
Chois). I. tuberosa, Meg. Esseq. ! (non L). — Boot tuberiferous, “drastic;” sepals 4'",
corolla 2ft-l£" long.— IIab. S. Vinceut !, Guild.; [Haiti and Panama ! to Guiana! ; trop.
Africa ! and Asia !].

19. I. jalap a, Pursli. Bran chiefs pubescent or glabrate ; leaves cordate-roundish,
entire (or “ sinuatc-lobed ”), puberulous above, hoary -lomentose beneath; pcduucles 3-1-
llowcred ; sepals ovate, blunt, one-twelfth to one-ninth as long as the corolla; corolla rosy
(or “white”); “ seeds woolly : wool long, spreading along the margin.”— Ann. Mus. 2.
t. 40. — Convolvulus, Jj. Batatas, Chois. — Sepals 4'", corolla 4''-3" long. — Hab. S. Vin-
cent!, Guild.; [southern United States; Mexico! to Brazil ; East Indies !].

20. I. carnea, Jacq. Branches pubescent ; leaves cordate-roundish, pointletcd, entire,
glabrescent above, puberulous beneath ; cymes spreading, peduncled ; sepals roundish, one-
sixteenth lo one-twelfth as long as the corolla ; corolla while or rosy ; ovary 4-cclled above
the middle; seeds woolly : wool long, spreading along the margin, shorter and subnpprcsscd
along two middle lines. — Jacq. Amer. Piet. t. 25. — Convolvulus pareirifolius, Berter.l (Ba-
tatas, Chois). — Sepals 3"', corolla 3"-4" long; marginal wool of the seeds 5'" long, as long
as their longitudinal diam. — Hab. Jamaica!, Baiter., March ; [Venezuela!].

470

CONVOLVULACE7E.

Sect. 5 Pentad actylis. Sepals membranaceous or at length leathery. Corolla usually
small, purple narrowly campanulate-infundibular or clavate-infundibufar , gradually
tapering at the base. Anthers included. Ovary 2-celled, 4- ovulate , supported by a
cupuli form disk. Capsule of Batatas. J

P^lchella, Ttth. {non Wight, non Rot. Mag). Glabrous; leaves palmaliparlite
nearly to the base : segments 5, entire or the exterior deeply 2-fid, lanceolate or elliptical-
lanceolate, pointed. ; peduncles 1 -2-fiowered, nearly as long as the leaves: sepals ovate-
rounded, equal, one-third to one-fourth as long as the corolla ; corolla campanulate-inftm-
dibular ; capsule 2-celled, globose, much longer than the calyx : seeds pubescent, bearing a

little arachnoid, long wool along the margin. — Moris. 1. t. 4./. 5. Barrel. 1. 319 320

I. palmata, Kotschy Nub. I (s non Norsk.) : Forskal’s plant has “ 2" long ” flowers.— Sepals

* * -,lonS> caPsule B diam.— Hab. Antigua I, Wullschl. ; [Brazil; trop.

Atnca !, East Indies], L ’ 1

22. I. Cavanillesii, R. S. Glabrous; leaves palmatipartite nearly to the base : seg-
ments 5, entire or the exterior 2-lobed, elliptical or elliptical-oblong, mucronulate-bluntish ;
peduncles 1-few-flowered, nearly as long as the leaves ; sepals ovate, blunt, subequal, one-
seventh to one-ninth as long as the corolla ; corolla narrowly campanulate below the broad
hinb; “capsule 2-celled: seeds woolly.”— Cav Ic. 3. t. 256.— I. pentaphylla, Cav. I
Bouvetu, Watp. /—Axils producing miuute, stipuliform bud-leaves ; sepals 2V"-2'", corolla
18 long— Hab. Jamaica!, Pd., on the sea-coast, Westmoreland; [Guadeloupe !].

23. X. triloba, L. Branches pilose, g-labrescent ; leaves glabrous, deeply palmatifid
beyond the middle, (rarely entire, cordate-roundish) : lobes 3-S, elliptical, contracted at the
base, pointed, entire, exterior semicordate ; cymes umbelliform(-l -flowered), peduncled ;
sepals ovate-oblong, pointed, subequal, pilose near the margin, one-third as long as the
corolla ; corolla narrowly campanulate below the infundibular limb ; capsule 2-celled, pilose,
included by the calyx: seeds glabrous.— SI. t. 97./. 1— I. parviflora, V. Convolvulus
Sloanei, Spreng. — Sepals 3"', corolla 9'" long.

a. Leaves deeply palmatifid.

0. Eustacliiana, Jacq. Leaves cordate-deltoid, entire or repaud. — Jacq. Obs. 2. t. 36.
LIab. Jamaica 1, March (a, /3) ; Antigua !, Wullschl. (a, y8) ; [Mexico to Venezuela !].

24. I. Carolina, L. Glabrous; leaves palmatipartite to the base: segments 5 (“7”-3),
eutire, obversely lanceolate or linear, refuse or blunt, often mucronulate, tapering at the
base ; peduncles 1-2-flowered ; sepals ovate, blunt, equal, one-sixth as long as the corolla ;
corolla clavate: limb shortly infundibular; ovary 2-celled; “ seeds glabrous.” — Catesb.
Carol. 2. t. 91. — I. pentadactylis, Chois. I. radicaus, Barter . — Sepals 3'", corolla 18'" long,
the latter pale-pink with a shade of green. — IIab. Bahamas {Catesb.), on rocks ; Jamaica !,
Macf., Wils., March ; [Brazil ; East Indies !].

Sect. 6. Xanthips. — Sepals membranaceous-leathery. Corolla obconical above the cylin-
drical, at length ovoid base. Anthers included, at length subcontorted. Ovary 2-celled,
4- ovulate , supported by a cupuliform disk. Capsule dehiscent into 4 equal valves. —
Flowers yellow in our species ; leaves 2-stipulate at the base of the petiole.

25. X. umbellata, Meg. I Glabrous or puberulous; leaves cordate, entire or repand ;
cymes many(-few)-flowered, umbelliform, peduncled : peduncle usually exceeding the stipu-
late petiole ; sepals oval, blunt, subequal, connivent-imbricate, one-third to one-fourth as
long as the corolla ; corolla yellow; capsule subglobose, 4-seeded : seeds brown-velvety,
shortly villous along the margin, — Desc. El. 7- t. 524. Miq. Surin. t. 37.— Convolvulus,
L. C. polyanthus, W. I. mollicoraa, Miq. / — Leaves .variable, acumiuate or cordate-del-
toid ; sepals 3"'-4'", corolla 1" long.— LIab. Jamaica I, Diet., A/., March, in hedges ; An-
tigua I, Wullschl.; Trinidad !, Sieb. Tr. 339, Lockli., common; [Cuba! aud Mexico! to
Brazil ! ; trop. Africa I],

Sect. 7. Pes-caphte. — Seeds membranaceous, at length leathery. Corolla usually large,
campanulate-infundibular. Anthers included. Ovary E ovulate, 2-celled or 4- celled at
the summit : no cupuliform disk. Capsule 2-4 -valved to the base.

* Seeds devoid of cotton ; stem usually creeping.

26. I. peB-caprse Siv. Glabrous, long-creeping ; leaves roundish, cmarginale, cuneate-

CONVOLVULACEiE.

471

truncate at the 2-glandular base : veins pinnate ; peduncles about ns long as the petio e,
usually few-flowered ; sepals ovate-oblong , blunt, mucrounlate, about one-lifth as long as
the corolla, 2 exterior shorter; corolla purple, gradually tapering at the base ; capsule
2-cclled : seeds rusty -pubescent. — Desc. Ft. 2. t. 130. — Convolvulus, L. C. brasiliensis L.
I. maritima, 11. Br. — Creeping to a length of 100' and more; longer sepals o , shorter 4 ,
corolla 2" long ; disk annular. — Hab. .Jamaica !, Dist., At., March, on sandy sea- shores ;
Antigua!, WuUschl., Dominica!, Imr. ; [Cuba! and Mexico! to Brazil., and all trop.
countries !] .

27. I. asarifolia, R. S., Walp.! Glabrous, creeping; leaves reniform, cordate or sub-
truncate at the 2-glaudular base: injerior veins palmate ; peduncles about as long as the
petiole, 1-few -flowered ; sepals mueronulate, 3 interior oblong, blunt, 2 exterior roundish,
half as long, the longer one-eighth to one-sixth as long as the corolla ; corolla purple,
gradually tapering at the base ; capsule 2-celled : seeds (immature) slightly puberulous.—
I. urbica, Chois., Seem. Longer sepals 5'", corolla 3" long —Hab. Jamaica !, Mac/., on
the sea-shore ; [Danish and French islands ! ; Panama 1 to Brazil; trop. Africa].

28. I. acetosifolia, R. S. Glabrous, creeping; leaves linear-oblong, cordate or
rounded at the base, entire or repand ; peduncles about as long as the petiole, 1 -flowered ;
sepals ovate-oblong , mucronulate-blunt, one-fourth to one-fifth as long as the corolla ; 2
exterior little shorter ; corolla white, gradually tapering at the base ; ovary 4- celled at the
summit, 2-celled below it. — Plum. Descr. t. 105. Desc. FI. 2. 1. 145.- Batatas, Chois.
Couvolvulus repens, Sw — Sepals 5"', corolla 2" long.— Hab. Jamaica {Sw), on the sandy
sea-coast ; [Guiana !, Brazil],

29. I. martinicensis, Mey. ! Glabrous (or glabrescent), creeping or twining at the
summit ; leaves oblong, linear-oblong, or rarely oval-oblong, mucronate-blunt, tapering at
the base, entire ; peduncles exceeding the short petiole, 1-2-flowered, minutely 2-bracteo-
late ; sepals pointed, reticulated-veiny, 2 exterior larger, elliptical, decurrent, half as long
as the corolla, 3 interior ovate ; corolla white, externally with bands of hairs between the
plaits, gradually tapering at the base ; capsule 2-celled : seeds slightly puberulous, gla-
brescent.—Jacg. Amer. Piet. t. 24. — Convolvulus, Jacq. Aniseia, Chois. A. ensifolia and
salicifolia, Chois., A. carnea, Moric. !: narrow-leaved forms.— Larger sepals 8"'-10'", corolla
1" loug. — Hab. Jamaica!, Pd., in the great morass of Westmoreland; [Trench islands 1 ;
Panama!, Guiana !, Brazil!].

30. I. sericantha, Gr. Pubescent or glabrate, twining above; leaves oblong or
lanceolate-oblong, mucronulate-blunt, bluntish at the base, entire; peduncles 3 (-1) -flowered,
exceeding the petiole ; sepals oval-orbicular, mucronulate-rounded, subequal, sericeous or
glabrate, one-fourth to one-fifth as long as the corolla ; corolla strigose-sericeous in 5 broad
bands between the plaits, gradually tapering at the base ; capsule 2-celled : seeds glabrescent.
—I. sericea, Spreng. {non Blum). — Habit of the preceding ; sepals 3"'-2 j'", corolla l"iong.
Hab. Trinidad !, Cr., at Cedros ; [Venezuela !].

** Seeds bearing cotton ; stem twining or trailing.

31. I. demerariana, Chois. I Glabrous, twining; leaves cordate-roundish, 2-glau-
dular at the base; cymes corymbiform, 8-4(-l)-llowered, long peduncled; sepals roundish,
rounded, subequal, one-fourth to one-fifth as long as the corolla ; corolla pink, gradually
tapering at the base ; capsule 2-celled, included by the connivent calyx : seeds pubescent,
included by marginal, lurid wool. — Branches thick, becoming woody ; sepals 8'", corolla
3"-3£" long. — Hab. S. Kitts !, Els., Dominica !, Imr. ; [Guiana !].

32. I. macrorrhiza, R. S. ( non Chois). Glabrous, suflruticose-trailing ; leaves
5-3(-“7 "^-partite: segments elliptical or elliptical-oblong, apiculate, petiolulate, entire
or repand; cymes lax, dichotomous, many (-1) -flowered, peduncled; sepals rounded, 3
interior one-fifth to one-seventh as long as the corolla, rouudish, 2 exterior oval-roundish,
little shorter ; corolla purple or white, slightly ventricose above the base ; capsule 2-celled,
globose, exceeding the appressed calyx : seeds villous, long-woolly along the margin : wool
rusty-tawny, expanded like fringes. — Plum. Ed. Burnt, t. 90. f. 1. Jacq. Schcenbr. t. 37.
Convolvulus, L. I. ternata, Jacq. ; a white-flowered form with termite leaf-segments, sent
frequently from Jamaica. — Tuberifcrous, variable in the leaves, and the length of the stamens ;
larger sepals 5"', smaller 4'", corolla 3"-2", seed-fringes 6'" long. — Hab. Jamaica I, List'.,
Pd., Al., Wullschl., March, on rocks, Manchester, S. Anns.

472

C0NV0LVULA0E7E.

Sect. 8. Exogonium, Chois. — Sepals membranaceous , at length leathery. Corolla tubular-
salvershaped: tube cylindrical. Anthers exserted during the expansion of the limb.
Ovary 4- ovulate , 2 -celled or 4- celled at the summit : dish short, annular. Capsule
4i(-(5)-valved.

33. I. repanda, Jacq. Glabrous; leaves cordate-acuminate, entire or repand ; cymes
usually many-flowered ; sepals ovate-roundish, rounded, coloured, oue-sixth to one-fourth
as long as the corolla, 2 exterior rather shorter ; corolla crimson : tube about 4 times as long
as the 5-partite limb, lobes oblong -lanceolate ; capsule 2-celled below the 4- celled summit :
seeds fimbriate along the margin, glabrous ou the faces.— Jacq. Amer. Piet. t. 27- — Exo-
gonium, Chois.- — Eoot “ with small tubers sepals 3'", corolla-tube 1£"-1" long. — Hais.
Antigua !, Wullschl., Dominica !, Imr. ; [Cuba to Erench islands !].

34. I. filiformis, Jacq. Glabrous ; leaves ovate-oblong, slightly cordate at the base,
mucronate-bluntish ; cymes lax ; sepals ovate-roundish, with a bluntish point, subequal,
one-eighth to one-sixth as long as the corolla-tube ; corolla pale-purple : tube about 4 times
as long as the 5-fid limb : lobes ovate ; capsule 2-celled .- seeds glabrous, narrowly 3-winged.
— Jacq. Amer. Piet. t. 26. — Exogonium, Chois. — Sepals li"1, corolla-tube 9"'-12'" long. —
Hab. Antigua 1, Nichols., Wullschl., S. Vincent !, Guild.; [Erench islands !].

35. I. arenaria, Steud. Glabrous ; leaves subcordate-deltoid or deeply 3-lobed : lobes
lauceolate-oblong ; peduncles l-2(-“ many”)-flowered ; sepals orbicular or ovate-rounded,
subequal, one-third to one-fourth as long as the corolla-tube ; corolla crimson : tube 2-3
times as long as the repand limb ; ovary 2-celled below the summit. — Chois, in Mem.
Geneve, 8. t. 1. — Sepals 3'", whole corolla, when closed, lj"-!" long.- — Hab. Bahamas !,
Swains. ; [Portorico to S. Thomas !].

Sect. 9. Quamoclit, T. — Sepals membranaceous. Corolla tubular-salvershaped: tube
clavate. Anthers exserted. Ovary 4- celled , 4 -ovulate : disk annular. Capsule 2-4-
valved.

36. I. Quamoclit, L. Glabrous; leaves subsessile, pinnatiparlite : segments filiform,
pointed, entire or the inferior 2-fid ; peduncles 1-2-flowered ; sepals ovate, blunt, mucrouate,
one-fourth as long as the corolla-tube, 2 exterior shorter ; corolla crimson (or white) : tube
3-4 times as long as the 5-lobed limb; capsule 4-celled : seeds compressed, glabrous. —
Peso. FI. 6. t. 415. — Quamoclit vulgaris, Chois. — Sepals 3"', corolla-tube 1" long. — Hab.
Jamaica; S. Kitts !, Antigua!, Wullschl., S. Vincent !, Guild. ; [Portorico! to Brazil!;
Madeira ! ; East Indies !].

Sect. 10. Mina, Liao. — Sepals membranaceous, mostly terminated by a herbaceous, filiform
appendage. Corolla tubular-salvershaped: lube clavate. Anthers exserted. Ovary
4- celled , \-ovulate, supported by a cupuliform dish. Capsule splitting into irregular
valves.

37. I. coccinea, L. Glabrescent ; leaves cordate-deltoid, repand, or sinuate-dentate
below, (rarely 3-lobed) ; cymes lax ; sepals subequal, about one-sixth as long as the corolla-
tube ; appendage as long as the oval-subtruncate lamina; corolla scarlet, variegated with
orange, (rarely wholly orange) : tube thrice as long as the 5-lobed limb ; capsule 4-celled :
seeds 3-goual, rugose, puberulous. — Bot. Mag. t. 221. — Quamoclit, Mch. I. luteola, Jacq.
(Ic. Ear. t. 35) : the orange-flow, ered form. — Sepals (the appendage included) 3'"-2|"' long.

a. Corolla-tube straightish, 12,"-15,,, long.

/3. curvifiora. Corolla-tube curved, 18",-15'" long.

Hab. Jamaica !, March (0) ; Antigua!, Wullschl. (a) ; naturalized in Trinidad !, Cr., (a) ;
[Virginia! to Peru! ; East Indies ! to the Cape!].

38. I. hederaefolia, L. Glabrous; leaves cordate-3-lobed : lobes deltoid, subentire ;
cymes lax ; sepals subcqual, one-sixth as long as the corolla-tube : appendage as long as (lie
oval-subtruncate lamina; corolla purple : tube curved, 4 times as long as (lie repand limb ;
capsule 4-celled : seeds 3-gonal, rugose, puberulous. — Bot. Mag. 1. 1769. — Quamoclit, Chois.
I. sanguinea, V. — Perhaps a variety of the preceding ; sepals 2"', corolla-tube 12m-18"' long.
— Hab. Jamaica !, Dist. ; [Mexico ! to Brazil !].

CONVOLVULACEiE.

473

Sect. 11. Phaebitis, Chois. — Sepals herbaceous, acuminate. Corolla Campanulate -

infundibular. Anthers included. Ovary 4i-ovulale, S-4i-2-celled, supported by a cupu-
liform or campanil late dish. Capsule splitting into valves.

* Disk cupuliform, one-lialf to one-third as long as the ovary.

39. I. cissoides, Gr. Pilose; leaves A-A- partite : segments elliptical, mucrouate,
dentate, petiolulate ; peduncles 2-5 -flowered : pedicels short; sepals subulate, spreading,
exceeding half the corolla, hispid below, glandular above : ovate base one-hall to one-third as
long as the linear appendage; corolla white, campanulate at the base; disk cupuliform-;
capsule Acelled: seeds 4, puberulous — Batatas, Chois. Convolvulus, V. — Habit of Schizips,
but sepals green, spreading, as in I. Nil ; sepals 8"'-10"', corolla 1" long.— PIab. Trinidad !,
Lockh., on dry banks ; [Cuba to Brazil !].

40. I. Nil, Mh. Pilose; leaves cordate-Z-lobed .- lobes ovate, pointed, entire, the
middle usually contracted at the base; peduncles 1-3 -flowered ; sepals filiform above a
lanceolate base, spreading, ascending half the corolla-tube, densely pilose below .- base about
oue-third as long as the narrow part ; corolla blue above, (or purple), white below, gradually
enlarged from the cylindrical base; disk cupuliform; capsule ‘A -celled : seeds 6 or fewer by
abortion, glabrescent. — Jacq. Ic. liar. 1. 36. — Convolvulus, L. (ex Dill.fi 92). I. hederacea,
Jacq., ii. Br. Pharbitis Nil, (ex clus. synon .) and hederacea, Chois. — Sepals 8"'-10'",
corolla-tube 1" long.— Hab. Jamaica !, Macf. ; [United States 1 to Brazil ! ; trop. Africa !,
Asia !, and Australia !].

41. I. purpurea, Lam. Branches pilose or glabrescent; leaves cordate-roundish,
pointleted, entire or repand, glabrous ; cymes few-flowered, contracted-umbelliform ; sepals
lanceolate, adpressed, hispid below, glabrous above, exceeding half the corolla-tube ; corolla
violet or purple, white below, (or white), gradually enlarged from the base ; disk cupuliform ;
capsule 2(-“ 3 ”)-celled : seeds 4 or fewer by abortion, minutely puberulous. — Dill. Elth.

t. 84./. 97. Dot. Mag. t. 1682 Convolvulus, L. Pharbitis hispida, Chois. I. glandu-

lifera, Macf! — Sepals corolla-tube 1" long; flowers nocturnal (Macf). — Hab.

Jamaica!, Macf., March ; [United States ! ; Cuba ! to Venezuela !].

42. I. villosa, R. P. Hoary-tomentose or sericeous; leaves cordate-A-lobed : lobes
entire, lateral roundish, middle acuminate ; peduncles 1-3 -flowered ; sepals ovate-oblong ,
adpressed, villous, scarcely half as long as the corolla-tube ; corolla dark-purple, variegated,
gradually enlarged from the base ; disk cupuliform ; ovary A-celled, 6-ovulate. — 11. P. FI.
Peruv. t. 121. B. — Sepals 5"', corolla-tube 1" long. — Hab. Trinidad !, Pd., Cr., in savan-
nahs along the eastern coast; [Peru].

43. I. acuminata, R. S. (non R. P.). Branches pilose or glabrescent ; leaves cordaie-
A-lobed : lobes deltoid-ovate-entire; peduncles few-1 -flowered ; sepals long, lanceolate-
linear, adpressed, puberulous or glabrescent, often hispid-ciliate at the base, half as long as
the corolla-tube ; corolla blue above, gradually enlarged above the cylindrical base ; disk
cupuliform, half as long as the ovary ; ovary 3-celled, 6-ovulate. — Bot. Reg. t. 39. — Con-
volvulus, V. I. mutabilis, Lindl. (Pharbitis, Chois.). — Sepals 1", corolla-tube 2" long. —
Hab. Jamaica !, March ; [Cuba ! to Brazil].

** Disk campanulate, including the ovary.

44. I. cathartica. Pair. Glabrous; leaves cordatc-3 dobed (or cordate-roundish):
lobes entire, repand, pointed, lateral ovate, middle oblong or elliptical-oblong ; peduncles 1-2-
flowered ; sepals ovate-lanceolate, long-acuminate, suberect, glabrous, half as long as the
corolla-tube ; corolla blue or crimson, gradually enlarged from the base ; disk campanulate,
including the 3-cclled, 6-ovulate ovary. — Bot. Reg. t. 999. — Pharbitis, Chois. Convolvulus
pudibundus, Lindl. C. portoriccnsis, Sprang. — Sepals 8"'-l(V", corolla-tube 1 6"'-20'" long.
— Hab. Bahamas I, Swains. ; Jamaica; S. Vincent; [Cuba and Mexico to Brazil !].

45. I. jamaicensis, Don. Sericeous-pubescent or glabrescent ; leaves cordatc-3-lobcd
or cordate-roundish, pointleted : lobes ovate, entire ; peduncles 1-6-flowered : pedicels short ;
sepals ovate-lanceolate , suberecl, pubescent or glabrous, devoid of bristles, one-fourth as
long as the corolla-tube-, corolla purple: tube cylindrical below, gradually and slightly
enlarged above; disk campanulate, including the ovary; capsule 3-celled: seeds C or fewer

474

C0NV0LVULACE7E.

by abortion, pubescent. — SI. t. 98. f. 2. — Convolvulus tomentosus, L. (Pharbitis, Chois.). —
Sepals 5"'-8' , corolla-tube 2"-2V! long.

a. Leaves sericeous or pubescent, chiefly beneath ; calyx pubesoeut.

/3. glabrata. Leaves glabrate or puberulous beneath ; calyx glabrous. — Desc. PI. 2.

t. 137.

Hab. Jamaica!, Mac/., Al., Wullschl., March (a, 0), in canefields; [Panama!].

3. JACQUEMONTIA, Chois.

Character of Ipomcea, but stigmas 2, distinct, oval or ovoid. — Twining herbs ; cymes
long-peduncled ; calyx herbaceous ; corolla campanulate-infundibular ; authers included;
ovary 2 -celled, ^-ovulate : no cupuliform disk.

46. J. tamnifolia, Gr. Pilose; leaves subcordate-deltoid, repand-entire ; cymes many-
flowered, contracted , bracteolate, peduneled ; sepals linear-acuminate, hispid, exceeding or
equalling the corolla ; corolla blue ; stigmas ovoid ; capsule 4-valved : seeds minutely
scabrous. — Dill. Pith. t. 318. /. 410. — Ipomcea, L. Convolvulus, Meg.! — Sepals 6"'-4'",
corolla 4"' long. — Hab. Nevis; Trinidad!, Or.; [French islands!, in fields; southern
United States ! to Brazil !].

4. CONVOLVULUS, L.

Character of Ipomcea, but stigmas 2, diverging, filiform or clavate-oblong.— Corolla cam-
panulate-infundibular ; anthers included ; ovary 2 -celled, \-ovulate.

Sect. 1. Clavula. — Stigmas clavate-oblong. Ovary devoid of a cupuliform disk. —

Stem herbaceous.

* Cymes contracted, peduneled.

47. C. pentanthus, Jacq. Twining, glabrous (or pubescent) ; leaves cor date- ovate,
pointed, entire or repand ; cymes contracted, bracteate, peduneled ; sepals herbaceous, half
as long as the corolla , hairy or glabrescent, devoid of bristles, 3-2 exterior larger, ovate,
pointed, 2-3 interior ovate-lanceolate or lanceolate, acuminate ; corolla violet, stellate ;
capsule 4-valved : seeds glabrous.— Jacq. Ic. Far. t. 316. C. violaceous, V. (Jacquemontia,
Chois. : but the stigmas exactly as in the other Clavula). — Hab. Jamaica!, Fist., Wits.,
March, Wullschl. , in hot, dry places ; Antigua !, Wullschl., Dominica !, Imr. ; Trinidad !,
Sch., Or. ; [Cuba ! and Mexico ! to Peru !].

** Peduncles \-flowered or terminated by an umbelliform cyme.

48. C. ovalifolius, V. Creeping or diffuse, glabrous (or “ pubescent ”) ; leaves oval
or oval-roundish, emarginate or blunt, entire; peduncles l-few(-“ 7 ”)-flowered ; sepals
herbaceous half as long as the corolla, glabrous, 3 exterior ovate, blunt, 2 interior ovate-
lanceolate, poiuted ; corolla small, blue; capsule 2-4-valved: seeds glabresceut, roughish,
margined.— Ipomcea, Chois.?: but stigmas of tlie preceding.— Sepals 2", corolla 4 long;
seeds black. — Hab. Antigua!, TPullschl. ; [trop. Africa].

*** Pedicels fascicled : peduncle short or none.

49. C. micranthus, F. S. Twining, pubescent ; leaves cordate-oblong, mucronate-
bluntish repand or sinuate ; pedicels fascicled, as long as the short petiole ; sepals herbace-
ous ovate-lanceolate, pointed, little exceeded by the corolla, subequal ; corolla minute,
purple: limb 5-fid; capsule 4-valved: seeds glabrous, rugulose, margined Plum. lid.
Bunn. t. 94. /. 2. — Jacquemontia, Don. C. polycarpus, Fth.— Sepals i 1, .corolla ~ .
Ion#; seeds yellowish-brown. — Hab. Jamaica!, Macf 1, Dist., March , Wullschl . ; S. A lu-
cent!, Guild.; Trinidad !, Loclcli Sch. ; [Cuba! to Brazil!].

60 C. jamaicensis, Jacq. Twining, glabresceut ; leaves lanceolate-linear (or oblong-
lanceolate) bluntly mucronate, entire, shortly petiolcd ; pedicels fascicled : peduncle usually
exceeding ’the petiole ; sepals small, membranaceous, one-fourth as long as the corolla,
pointed 2 exterior ovate-lanceolate, 3 interior roundish ; corolla pale-purple or white :
Hmb 5-’fid • capsule 4-8-valved : seeds minutely scabrous, margined with narrow wings —

CON V OLVUL ACE2E.

475

SI. t. 130./. 1 : the form with broader leaves. — Sepals at length 2"', corolla 6'"

loug. — Hab. Bahamas !, Swains. ; Jamaica !, List., Wat., Pd., Wits., March, in savannahs
and along the coast; [Haiti !, Portorico !].

Sect. 2. Strophocaui.os, Bon. — Stigmas filiform. — Stem herbaceous, twining; ovary in
our species supported by a cupuliform disk.

51. C. nodiflorusj JDesc. Pubescent or tomentose ; leaves ovate, mucronate, repand
or entire; pedicels fascicled: peduncle short; sepals small, membranaceous, ovate-roundish,
blunt, one-sixth as long as the corolla, subequal ; corolla white : limb repand ; capsule
S-4-valved : seeds glabrous, rugulose, margined with a narrow wing. — Allied to the pre-
ceding, but stigmas filiform, as in C. arvensis. Sepals 1'", corolla 6"' long.— IIab. Ja-
maica!, Al., March ; Trinidad!, Cr. ; [Cuba ! to Brazil],

5. EVOLVULUS, L.

Calyx 5-leaved. Corolla rotate-infundibular. Ovary 2-celled, 4-ovulate : styles 2, dis-
tinct, 2-partitc. Capsule 4-2-valved : valves seceding from the dissepiment. — Stem not
twining ; leaves entire ; peduncles axillary, rarely paniculate, \-few-Jlowered, 2-bracteo-
late, below the summit ; seeds glabrous.

52. E. arbuscula, Poir. Bwarfish-shrubby, slender, branched, sericeous ; leaves small,
sessile, lanceolate, pointed ; peduncles 1-flowered, racemose ; sepals elliptical-lanceolate, one-half
to one-third as long as the bright-blue corolla. — Pot. Mag. t. 4202. — E. purpwro-creruleus,
Hook. ! E. canus, Sprung. ! in PI. Perter. — -1 — 2' high : stem fn-Vn thick ; leaves V"-
%i"[, sepals 1"', corolla 2",-3'" long. — Hab. Bahamas !, Swains. ; Jamaica !, Pd., on arid,
maritime rocks, Manchester; [Cuba !, Haiti !].

53. E. sericeus, Sw. Herbaceous, csespitose, sericeous; leaves subsessile, lanceolate-
linear or lanceolate, acuminate or mucronulate ; peduncles 1-flowered, much exceeded by
the leaves (rarely equalling them) ; sepals ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, little exceeded by
the white or pale-blue corolla.— SI. t. 99. f. 3. Pr. Jam. t. 10./. 3.— Spithameous ; leaves
6"'-10'", sepals liln—2"1, corolla 2'"-&" long. — Hab. Bahamas 1, Swains. ; Jamaica !,
Wullschl., in arid sand ; Antigua !, Wullschl. ; Trinidad !, Lockh. ; [Haiti ! ; Texas ! to
Montevideo],

54. E. linifolius, L. Annual, pilose ; leaves subsessile, lanceolate (or oblong-lanceo-
late), pointed; peduncles filiform, l(-“ 3 ”) -flowered, indexed above the bracts, twice as
long as the leaves ; sepals lanceolate-acuminate, little exceeded by the pale-blue or white
corolla.— Pr. Jam. t. 10./. 2.— 1' high; leaves 12"'-4'", sepals corolla 2"'-l|'"

long. Hab. Bahamas!, Swains.; Jamaica!, M‘Nab, Pd., Wullschl., in arid pastures'
[Mexico ! to Venezuela ! ; trop. Africa !, Asia ! and Australia !J.

55 E. alsinoides, L. Suffrutcscent, diffuse, pilose, sericeous or glabrescent ; leaves
shortly petioled, oblong-lanceolate, elliptical-oblong, or lanceolate; peduncles 3-1 (-5)-
flowered sepals ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, half as long as the corolla.— Very variable'-
triesf ^ 1 ’ COrOUa lons ~llAC' Trini(lad <> hockh., Cr. ; [all tropical conn-

56. E. villcssus, B P Herbaceous, pilose; leaves shortly petioled, ovate-lanceolate,
acuminate ; peduncles filiform, 3-1-ilowered ; sepals lanceolate-acuminate, half as long as
the blue corolla.— R. P. FI. Perm. t. 253. H.-Sepals l*"'-2"'f corolla 3"'-4"' lonm-
Hab. S. Kitts!; [Mexico to Peru].

,57/, ^ niucronatus, Sw. Procumbent, crespitose, sericeous-glabrescent ; leaves

shortly petioled, oval, , oval-roundish or lanceolate-elliptical, mucronate; peduncles 1-3-
ovale-lanccolate pointed, or shortly acuminate, one-thircl as long as the
jSSSm coroLla-—h- glabnusculus, Chois, (ex specim. Perter.).— Sepals i"'-l}"',

March ■ ^abamasl>, EJal^rs„ Turk islands; Jamaica!, Bauer.,

March, Anli0ua 1, Wullschl., S. Vincent I, Guild.; [Portorico! to Peru].

n rliri, Ln- '*rocurrlbciit, diflusc, glabrescent or pilose; leaves petioled,

1 flowed prp^'i1 {”?“ Tv,’ ailbc°!'^nlc at the basc. rounded or retuse at the top ; peduncles
1 -flowered, exceeded by the small leaves; sepals oblong, b/untish, half as long1 as the white

2 1

476

IIYDROLEACEiE.

or pale-blue corolla. — SI. t. 99. f. 2. J (icq Amer. Piet. 1. 260. f. 23. JCth. N. Gen.
t . 215.— E. veronicifolius, Kth.— Leaves 2"'-4'"(-5,")> sepals 1'", corolla 2"' long.— Hab.
Jamaica!, Pci., Saner., common in pastures : Antigua!, Wullschl. ; [Cuba! and Mexico!
to Brazil !].

6. MCIIONDRA, Forsl.

Calyx 5-leaved. Corolla campanulate-rotate : limb 5-partite. Ovanes 2, 2-ovulate :
styles 2, distinct, simple, suprabasilar. Carpids 1-seeded, indebiscent, slightly connected
at the base by the then 2-partite style.— Procumbent, rooting herbs; leaves long-pelioled ;
peduncles 1 -Jloioered, ebracteolate.

59. 13. repens, Forsl. ! Leaves cordate-orbicular, repand, pubescent or glabrescent
above; sepals oblong or spathulate-oblong, hluntish, nearly as Iona as the corolla, exceeded
by the carpids. — Sin . Ic. Ined. t. 8. — Leaves (yn—2n!, calyx V" long ; corolla yellowish-
wliite .— Hab. Jamaica !, Al., Wils., a weed ; [United States ! to Patagonia ! ; East Indies !,
and whole southern temperate zone !].

60. D. sericea, Sw. Leaves cordate-orbicular, repand, silvery-sericeous beneath ;
sepals obovate, blunt, exceeding the corolla, equalling the carpids.— Sw. Ic.Ind. occ. t. 10.
—Leaves 12"'-4"', calyx 1"' long; corolla white, with purple lines.— LIab. Jamaica!,
March, in mountain-pastures ; [Mexico! to Peru].

7. CUSCUTA, L.

Calyx 5 (-4) -fid or -partite. Corolla shortly campanulate or rotate, marcescent : limb
5 (-4) -partite, imbricative. Ovary 2-celled : cells 2-ovulate. Capsule circumscissile, laiely

baccate. Embryo undivided, spiral.— Twining, leafless parasites; flowers clustered or
cymose.

Sect. Geammica, Lour., Eng elm. —Styles 2, distinct, often unequal: stigma capitate.

61 C americana, L. Blowers clustered: pedicels shorter than the flower; calyx
ventricose, little exceeded by the corolla: lobes short rounded; corolla campanulate
5 -dentate: teeth roundish, blunt, erect : scales small, included ; capsule globose, irregularly
circumscissile. — SI. t. 128. /. 4.— Blowers greenish-yellow.— Hab. Jamaica!, mis., on
shrubs ; Antigua !, Wullschl., S. Vincent !, Guild. ; [Cuba ! and Mexico ! to Brazil !].

62. C. nmbellata, Kth. “ Blowers fascicled : pedicels usually longer than the flower ;
calyx' broadly campanulate, equalling or exceeding the corolla-tube : lobes deltoid , corolla
rotate, 5-fid; lobes narrowly lanceolate, acute : scales prominent; capsule globose, circum-
scissile, or irregularly rupturing.” — Hab. Jamaica {Eng elm.), on low herbs; [New Mexico
to Brazil],

63 C obtusiflora, Kth. Blowers fascicled : pedicels about as long as the flowxr ;
calyx os' long as the corolla-tube : lobes bluntly deltoid ; corolla campanulaterrotate, often
glandular-dotted: lobes ovate blunt, reflexed, nearly as long as the tube : scales prominent ;
“ capsule depressed-globose, exserted, baccate.”— Stem orange-coloured.— Hab. Bahamas .,
Swains.; Jamaica !, March ; [Florida ! to Peru].

64 C indecora, Chois. Blowers fascicled : pedicels about as long as the flower ;
calyx exceeded by the corolla-tube: lobes deltoid; corolla fleshy, campanulate: lobes
deltoid erect or spreading, injlexed at the acute point : scales prominent; capsule conical,
enclosed by the Corolla, baccate.”— C. decora, Engelm.l (ncuropetala Engelm.). Blowers
white.-IlAB. Jamaica!, Mac/., Bancr. ; [Illinois 1 to Buenos Ayres !].

CXVIII. IIYDROLEACEiE.

Stamens 6, inserted into the sympetalous, imbricative corolla. Ovary superior : placentas
many-ovulate, cohering or contiguous in the axis : styles 2(-3), distinct. Seeds albuminous :
embryo axile. — Leaves alternate, exstipulale.

B0RAGINE7E.

477

1. IIYDROLEA, L.

Calyx 5-pai-tite. Corolla rotate. Stamens exserted. Capsule 2(-3)-celIed; marginicide :
valves seceding from the entire dissepiment : placentas central, thickish. — Elowers blue,
racemose, oblique in the axils of the bracts.

1. H. spinosa, L. Shrubby, glandular-pilose ; leaves elliptical-lanceolate or lanceolate,
repand-entire : axils bearing usually a pubescent spine : racemes usually short, compound ;
corolla-segments elliptical, shortly exceeding the calyx ; capsule ovoid-globose, glahrescent,
2-3-celled. — Aubl. t. 110. — H. trigyna, Sic. — 4' high ; corolla fragrant, 8"' diam. — Hab.
Jamaica !, Pd., Hist., Wwllschl., rare in swamps and floating islands, S. Elizabeth, Man-
chester ; Dominica 1, Imr., S. Vincent !, Guild. ; Trinidad !, Lockh., Cr., in moist savan-
nahs ; [Mexico ! to Brazil !] .

2. NAMA, L.

Calyx 5-partite. Corolla infundibular. Stamens included. Capsule medianicide, at
length 4-valved by the valves seceding from the placentas : placentas 2, parietal, contiguous
in the axis : seeds dorsal on their revolute margin. — Herbs ; flowers obliquely dejlexed,
fascicled in the axils and between the branches, rarely cymose.

2. KT. jamaicensis, L. Annual, procumbent, hispidulous ; leaves obovate, contracted
at the base, decurrent, entire; pedicels shorter than the calyx, fascicled (-single) ; calyx-
segments linear-acuminate, shortly exceeded by the white, tubular-infundibular corolla,'
including the oblong-linear capsule. — Br. Jam. t. 18./. 2. — Calyx 4 111 long. — Hab. Ja-
maica !, Bancr., Al., a weed ; [Cuba !, Haiti ! ; Texas 1, Mexico 1].

3. WIGANDIA, Kth.

Calyx 5-partite. Corolla rotate. Stamens exserted. Capsule medianicide, 2-valved:
placentas 2, parietal, adhering to the middle line of the valves, contiguous in the axis, the
revolute margins entirely covered with seeds. — Hispid, large-leaved herbs ; flowers in gy-
rate, 2-bracteale, branched, spiciform racemes.

This genus, by its inflorescence, approaches Hydrophyllece , from which it is distinguished
by its 2, distinct styles.

3. W. virens, Kth. Leaves ovate, blunt, subcordate at the base, duplicate -crenate or
minutely lohed, scabrous-pubescent above, villous beneath ; panicle hispid : flowers 2-serial
along its conjugate branches; calyx-segments linear, equalling the corolla-tube, including
the ovoid, hispid capsule. — R. P. FI. Peruv. t. 243. Bot. Mag. t. 4575. — Hydrolea, R. P.
W. Kunthii, Chois. W. caracasana, Hook. ! — Corolla 1" diam. — Hab. Trinidad !, Pd., Cr.,
in arid places, on the island of Monos; [Mexico, Venezuela !, Peru].

CXIX. BOllAGINEiE.

Stamens usually 5, inserted into the sympetalous, mostly imbricative corolla. Ovary
superior, 2-carpellary, 4-celled : ovules single in each cell, pendulous. Seeds exalbuminous,
rarely furnished with thin albumen.— Leaves mostly alternate, exstipulate, often rough ;
flowers usually gyrate, ebradeate.

This Order is mucilaginous, and yields emollient drags, e. g. Cordia globosa. The drupes
of Beureria, Ehretia, and some Cordice, e. g. C. alba, are eatable. Several Cordice, e. g. C.
gerascantlius, C. gerascanthoides (Spanish elm, or prince-wood) are reputed timber-trees.

1. CORDIA, L.

Calyx tubular, often closed in the bud. Corolla infundibular or salver-shaped. Style
twice bifid. Drupe 4-1-celled. Cotyledons corrugate. — Woody plants ; flowers in ex-
panded or contracted cymes, sometimes polygamous.

2 i 2

478

B0RAGINE7E.

Sect. 1. Gerascanthus, P. Br. — Calyx \i)-costate , 5-3 -dentate. Corolla marcescenl,
dextrorsely contorted with the inner margin plaited. — Corolla brown in the marcescent
state.

1. C. gerascanthus, Jacq. Down minute, stellate ; leaves oblong-lauceolate or ellip-
tical-oblong, pointed, entire ; panicle expanded : ultimate dowers glomerate ; calyx clavate-
cylindrieal, hoary-tomentose with stellate down: teeth 5, minute, equal; corolla white,
salver-shaped : limb 5- partite , as long as (or half as long as) the tube • lobes spathulate-
oblong ; stamens long-exserted, inserted near the throat. — Jacq. Amer. Piet. t. 259./. 12:
the dower. Rich. Cub. t. 59 bis— C. gerascanthoides, Rich. 0 non Kth.). — Variable in
the size and proportions of the dower, and in the leaves glabrescent or stellato-pubescent
beneath : more hairy forms, comprising probably several so-called species, occur in South
America. A tree, 30' high ; leaves 3"-6", calyx 2"'-4"' long ; corolla-lobes 3"'(-H'") long.
— Hab. Jamaica !, Wits., rare ; Antigua !, Nichols., Dominica !, Imr., S. Vincent !, Anders.,
Trinidad!, Sieb. Tr. 121, Or., common iu dry localities ; [Cuba! and Guatemala! to Brazil].

2. C. gerascanthoides, Kth. Leaves oblong-lanceolate or ovate-oblong, entire, gla-
brous ; panicle many-dowered : ultimate dowers fascicled-glomerate ; calyx campanulate-
cylindrical, with simple down, hirsute or rusty -pubescent or glahresceni : teeth 3—5, unequal,
deltoid; corolla white, infundibular, 5 -fid, little beyond the middle of the exserted part of
the tube : lobes obovate, subretuse ; stamens shortly exserted, inserted below the middle of the
corolla-tube.— Br. Jam. t. 29. /. 3 : the dower.— C. gerascanthus, Sw. ( non Jacq.). C.
tinifolia, IF.— A tree, 20'-30' high ; leaves 3"-8'', calyx 4"'-5'", corolla 8"'-]0'" long its
lobes 3"'— 4'" long. — Hab. Jamaica !, all coll., common in the lowlands and mountains ;
[Cuba ! ; Mexico ! ] .

Sect. 2. Varronia, DC.— Calyx \0-\2-costate, irregularly circumscissile below the closed
top. Corolla plaited-imbricative, deciduous.

3. C. alba, R. S. Scabrous or glabrescent ; leaves elliptical-roundish, dentate-repand,
concolor ; panicle corymbiform : ultimate dowers subsessile ; corolla whitish, infundibular,
shortly 5-tobed, thrice as long as the turbinate calyx : lobes emarginate-roundish ; drupe
ellipsoidal, white.— Peless. Ic. 5. t. 97- Peso. FI. 7. t. 529.— Varronia, Jacq. V. calyp-
trata PC. C. dentata, V. ! C. calyptrata, Berter. /—A tree, 30' high ; leaves variable,
2"-4", corolla 6'", drupe 5"'-8'" long.— Hab. Jamaica 1, March ; Antigua !, Wullschl. ;
[Cuba ! and Mexico ! to New Granada ! and Venezuela !].

Sect. 3. Sebestena, Pill— Calyx smooth, rupturing at the closed top, enlarged and often
“ fleshy ” around the drupe. Corolla large, imbricative, deciduous: tube exserted.

The character of the calyx growing deshy is taken from Jacquin, but is not universal as
is shown by ripe drupes of the Cordia which yields the Anacuito-wood of Mexico (probably
C. dodecandra, PC.)

4 C. Sebestena, Jacq. Scabrous ; leaves ovate, subentire ; cyme corymbiform :

dowers pedicellate ; calyx cylindrical, rusty-scabrous, unequally 3-5-dentate, about ' half as
long as the cylindrical corolla-tube; corolla tawny -scarlet, salver-shaped: limb 6(o-b)-fid,
lobes ovate-roundish ; drupe ovate-subglobose, bluntly poiutleted. Sl.t. 164. Catesb. j.
t. 91. Jacq. Amer. Piet. t. 44. Peso. FI. 4. i. 277.-C. speciosa, IF— A shrub 8-12
high; leaves 5"-8", calyx 8"'-6'" long; diameter of the corolla-limb 1 -2 , of the white
fruit — IIab. Bahamas !, Swains.; Jamaica!, List Wat., Port Royal; o. Kitts.,

Antigua!, Wullschl., Barbadoes ; Trinidad!, Cr. ; [Cuba! to Guiana! and New Granada],

Sect. 4. Mix a, Endl— Calyx rupturing at the closed top or regularly 5-4 -dentate.

Corolla imbricative , deciduous : tube usually equalling the calyx.

* Cymes or panicles corymbiform.

5 C Collococca, L. {ex SI.). Glabrescent; leaves obovatc-oblong or elliptical, re-
mand-entire glabrous above, puberulous beneath; cymes corymbiform, rusty-pubescent:
flowers subsessile or very shortly pedicellate by the calyx being contracted at the base;
calyx ylobose, pubescent, smooth, at length 3-5-dentate ; corolla white : lobes elliptical.

B011AGINE2E.

479

bluntish, about as long as the tube, reflexed; drupe globose. — SI. t. 203. f. 2. C. mi-
crautha, Sic. e.r special. Rohr. Ehretia dubia, Jacq. ? — A tree or shrub : branches whitish ;
leaves deciduous at the time of flowering, 2"- 6" long, mostly tapering at the base, membra-
naceous, at length leathery, shining above ; calyx Ufl'-V" long ; corolla-limb 3"', purple
drupe 3"'-4'" diain. — IIab. Jamaica 1, Macf., Hist., March , WulUchl., in the lowlands ;
Antigua 1, Wullsch., Domiuical, Imr. ; Trinidad!, Sieb. Tr. 238; [Cuba! to Venezuela!].

G. C. nitida, V.!(ap. West). Nearly glabrous ; leaves elliptical (or spath ulate-lauceo-
late), repand-entire, glabrous ; cymes corymbiform, slightly puberulous ; flowers pedicel-
late ; calyx globose, glabrous or early glabrate, smooth, at length 5-3-fid; corolla-lobes
roundish, longer than the tube, expanded ; drupe depressed-globose. — C. Collococca, Sw.
C. eliretioides, Lam. in H. Hook., but Lamarck’s short description agrees better with the
preceding. — Nearly allied to C. Collococca, but flowers larger, and louger pedicellate.
Leaves 2"-5" long, papery, at length shining-leathery, usually blunt ; calyx 2"' long ;
corolla-limb 6"', drupe 3'"-4"' diam. — IIab. Jamaica!, Macf., List., Al., Wils., Wullsch/.,
in woods, Blue Mountains, Manchester, Mammec Bay ; [Haiti !, S. Jean !, S. Croix !].

7. C. elliptica, Sw. Glabrescent; leaves ovate or ovate-oblong, shortly pointleted,
entire, glabrous, or glabrate beneath ; cymes corymbiform, rusty -puberulous : ultimate
flowers subsessile, gyrate; calyx obovate, glabrate, smooth, 5-2-dentate; corolla white:
lobes ovate-oblong, half as long as the tube, recurved ; drupe globose with a conical point.
— A large tree ; leaves 3"-8" long, chartaceous, shining above, rounded at the base : veins
prominent beneath, the primary ones often immersed above ; calyx 3'", drupe 4"'-5'" long ;
corolla odorous.— Hab. Jamaica!, Macf., Al., Wils., March, in mountain-woods, Mt. Diable,
Manchester; [Haiti!].

8. C. reticulata, V. ! Glabrescent ; leaves ovate, pointleted, entire, glabrous, reticu-
latcd-veiny on both sides ; cymes corymbiform, rusty-velvety : flowers gyrate, ultimate
subsessile or very shortly pedicellate ; calyx clavate, rusty-sericeous, smooth, 5-2-dentate ;
corolla-lobes ovate-oblong, blunt, one-tliird to one-fourth as long as the tube, recurved ;
drupe ovate with an obtusate point. — Dasyura tenax, Moritz. PI. Venez. — A tree ; leaves
4"-8" long, chartaceous, at length shining-leathery, rounded at the base ; calyx 4f"-5'",
drupe 6'"-8"' long. — Hab. Montserrat !, Ryan, Dominica!, Imr.) [Venezuela!].

9. C. laevigata, Lam. Glabrescent ; leaves elliptical, mueronate, entire, glabrous,
reticulated-veiny on both sides ; cymes corymbiform, rusty-puberulous : flowers shortly
gyrate, ultimate subsessile ; calyx ellipsoidal, puberulous, striate, 3-5-dentale ; corolla-
lobes ovate, one-third as long as the tube, recurved ; drupe ovate-conical, mueronate. — C.
elliptica, Sieb. Mart. 53. — Leaves rigid-leathery, ifl-2)" long, subacute at the base ; calyx
3'", drupe 6'" long. — Hab. Trinidad !, Pd. j [Haiti to Martinique !].

10. C. tremula, Gr. (n. sp.). Glabrous ; leaves oval-roundish, remotely repand-crenate
above, long-petioled ; cymes lax, corymbiform, glabrescent : forcers shortly gyrate, distant,
pedicellate ; calyx obovate, glabrous, sericeous within, smooth, 5-3-dentate, corolla-lobes
spathulate-oblong, as long as the lube, recurved ; stamens included. — Leaves chartaceous,
penninerved, 2V'-3 J" long, 2"-2i" broad : petiole l"-2", pedicels l'"-2"' long ; calyx 3'"
long, about 2"' broad : teeth small, roundish ; corolla 4"' long : branches of the deeply 4-fid
style exserted ; anthers cordate-oblong, recurved : filaments short, hairy at the base.— IIab.
Barbadoes 1, Lane.

U- G. panicularis, Rudg. Wholly scabrous-puberidous ; leaves ovate or oblong,
pointleted, repand-entire; cymes corymbiform or expanded : flowers shortly gyrate, sessile ;
calyx obovate, sericeous, smooth, 5-3-dentate; corolla-lobes ovate, rounded, half as long
as the tube, recurved ; stamens exserted.— Pudge Guian. t. 46. — C. scabrifolia, DC. in PI.
Spruce. —k tree ; leaves 7"-3" long, usually pale beneath, chartnccou3 : petiole 2"'-4"',
calyx 2"' long.— Hab. Trinidad!, Or.; [Guiana, cqunt. Brazil!].

' 5*' i”riacroPAylla, Mill, (non V.). Brauchlcts rusty-villous ; leaves large, ovate
or 0V<1 ( 0 ) 0T18> pointed, subcordate at the base, repancl-entirc , scabrous-pubescent above,
villous-pubescent and reticulated-veiny beneath; panicle expanded : flowers shortly gyrate,
approximate, sessile ; calyx obovate-globose, rusty -villous, smooth, 3-5-dentate ; corolla-
lobes ovate-oblong, blunt, one-third as long as the tube ; stamens exserted ; drupe ovate-
conical, pointed.— SI. i. 221./. 1.— A large tree, confounded with Hie following, which has

480

BOBAGINEiE.

a narrower calyx and different drupes ; leaves 18"-6", petiole 6"'-8"', calyx 2'", reddish {SI)
drupes 5"' long.- — II a b. Jamaica !, Al., March , in all inland woods.

13. C. sulcata, DC. Branchlets sulcate, rusty -villous; leaves large, ovate-oblong or
ovate, pointed, subcordate or rounded at the base, repand-entire, strigulose-scabrous above,
rusty-sericeous, at length tomentose-pubescent on the prominent network of veins beneath ;
panicle expanded : flowers shortly gyrate, approximate, sessile ; calyx obovate, rusty-
pubescent, smooth, 3-6-dentate ; corolla-lobes ovate-oblong, blunt, half as long as the tube ;
stamens short ; drupe globose, mucronate. — C. macrophylla, V. I C. Toqueve, Sieb.
Mart. 59.! — A high tree; leaves 12"-4", petiole 6'"-2,,,, calyx 2'", white drupes

diam. — Hab. Jamaica !, Macf. ; Antigua I, Wullschl., Dominica !, Finl., Imr., S. Lucia !,
Anders. ; [Cuba ! to French islands I].

14. C. salvifolia, DC. Brauchlets scabrous ; leaves ovate-lanceolate (or ovate), acu-
minate with a hluntish point, serrate above the base, hispid-tub ercled above with the hairs
thickened at the base, pubescent or velvety beneath ; terminal cyme corymbiform : flowers
shortly gyrate, approximate, sessile; calyx obovate-globose, hoary strigose, 4 (-5) -dent ate,
half as long as the corolla-tube ,- corolla-lobes 4-5, roundish, one-fourth as long as the
tube, recurved ; stamens short, pilose below ; drupe ovoid-globose, almost included by the
calyx. — C. Berterii, Spreng. in PI. Berter. Varronia curassavica, Berter. t — A shrub ;
leaves 4"-2" (-6"), calyx V-l'j1", red drupe 2'" long. — IIab. Antigua!, Wullschl.;
[Haiti!, Guadeloupe !, in calcareous hills].

** Flowers glomerate : peduncles axillary or divided.

15. C. ulmifolia, Juss. Branchlets pubescent or velvety; leaves ovate or ovate-lan-
ceolate, acuminate, sharply serrulate above the base, scabrous above, velvety or pubescent
beneath ; glomerules peduncled .- peduncles axillary, adnate to the petiole at the base, or
racemose ; calyx ovoid, strigose, 5-dentate, half as long as the infundibular, 5-crenate
corolla ; stamens glabrous, subincluded ; drupe small, ovate, blunt, almost included by the
calyx. — SI. t. 194. /. 3. — Varronia lineata, L. {non Stv.). V. monospevma, Jacq., Sieb.
Mart. 61. C. Salzmanni, DC. in PI. Spruce. C. patens, Miq. { non Kth.).— Variable in
the down, the leaves, the number of their serratures, and the inflorescence. A shrub, 6'— 1 5 '
high ; leaves 2"-4", calyx 1 f" long ; size of the long -peduncled glomerules usually like a
pea. — Hab. Jamaica !,’ Wits., common, in rocky soil ; Dominica !, Imr;, S. Vincent !,
Guild.; Trinidad !, Sieb. Tr. 185 ; [Cuba! and Panama ! to Brazil! and Peru!].

#*# Flowers sessile in a single spike, centrifugal.

16. C. cylindristachya, JR. S. Scabrous,- leaves oblong-lanceolate or lanceolate,
serrate or serrulate-repand, pubescent or hoary with minute down beneath : petiole jointed
at the base; spikes terminal; calyx globose or obovate-globose : teeth deltoid; corolla
infuudibular, twice as long as the calyx : lobes short, r^-ndisli ; drupe ovoid, ovate or sub-

o-lobose. R. P. Ft. Peruv. t. 147. a. — Varronia macrostachya, II. P, V. curassavica, Sw.

( non Jacq) ; Cordia Fresen. { non JR .S). — A shrub, 4 '-6' high ; leaves 2"-3", calyx 1'” long ;

a. Spike contiguous ; calyx adpressed-pubescent ; drupe ovate-subglobose, blunt, subin-
cluded. C. portoricensis, Spreng.

р. Jloribunda, Spreng. Spike contiguous; calyx hirsute with spreading down; drupe
ovate mucronulate-truncate, subincluded.— C. salvifolia, Kth. {non DC).

7. interrupta, DC. Spike slender, often interrupted at the base ; calyx glabrescent ;
drupe ovate, mucronate-truncate, exserted.— C. martinicensis, Sieb. Tr. 42. [non R. S).

5. graveolens, Km., Benth. PI. Spruce. Spike slender, often interrupted; calyx slightly
adpressed-pubcrulons ; drupe globose, included. — C. bahiensis, DC. ! : a less hairy form.

с. cinerascens, DC. Spike slender, often interrupted ; calyx pubescent ; drupe ovate-

subglobose, blunt, shortly exserted. . . , r , . „ ... , .

Hab Jamaica !, all coll, (a very common ; /3, 5, f) ; Dominica !, Imr. (e), S. Vincent !,
Guild., (7) ; Trinidad !, Sieb., Loclch. (7) ; [Lower California ! to Uruguay !].

1 7 C martinicensis, R. S. Scabrous ; leaves ovate, acuminate, serrate, pubescent
beneath - petiole jointed at the base ; spikes terminal, contiguous ; calyx obovoid-globojt,
pubescent teeth subulate, distinct from the beginning; corolla infundibular, shortly

BORAGINEiE.

481

exserted: lobes short, rounded; drupe subglobose, included by the calyx. Jacq. Aimer.
Piet. t. 42. — Varronin, Jacq. — A shrub, 6' high; leaves 8 -5 , calyx 2 long. Hab.
Jamaica!, Wright ; S. Lucia!, Anders. ; Trinidad!, Soli.; [S. Croix !, Martinique!,^.
Mart. 60].

****

Flowers in simple heads ; calyx-teeth distinct from the beginning .

18. C. globosa, Kth. Hispid ; leaves ovate or ovate-laneeolate, bluntish, obtusely
serrate; heads globose, peduncled; calyx 5 -fid : lobes subulate-filiform, flexuose, hispid, as
long as the strigose tube ; corolla infundibular, twice as long as the calyx : lobes very short ;
drupe ovate-obtusate, shortly exserted. — Be. Jam.. 1. 13./. 2. — Varronia, L. V. bullata, Sw.
(non Jacq.). V. humilis, Jacq. (V. lineata, Sw.) : the form with short peduncles, figured
by P. Br. C. bullata, DC. ( exclus . syn. Sieb.).— A shrub, 6'-10' high; leaves 2"-l ,
white corolla 2111, red drape 2'" long. — Hab. Jamaica !, all coll., in dry soil along the coast;
[Cuba ! to French islands ; Mexico !, Panama !].

19. C. dasycephala, Kth. Hispid; leaves ovate, acuminate, sharply serrate ; heads
globose, peduncled; calyx 5 -fid: lobes filiform to the base, flexuose, long-hispid— ciliate,
twice as long as the pilose or glabrescent, connivent tube ; corolla infundibular, twice as
long as the calyx-tube: lobes very short; drupe subglobose, subincluded. ■ Varronia, Desv.
—A shrub ; leaves 4"-2", calyx-tube 1"', corolla 2"' long ; heads 6'" diarn.— Hab. An-
tigua !, Wullschl., Dominica !, Imr. ; Trinidad !, Sieb. Tr. 242 ; [Venezuela !, Guiana !].

20. C. lima, R. S. Branchlets hispid ; leaves elliptical, lanceolate-oblong or lanceolate,
sub entire or few-serrate, hispid above, pilose along the veins beneath ; heads small, globose ,
peduncled; calyx 5- dentate , pubescent: teeth blunt, deltoid or shortly oblong, erect, one-
third as long as the turbinate-globose tube ; corolla infundibular, shortly exserted : lobes
roundish ; drupe subglobose, included. — C. Radula, Spreng. C. asperrima, DC. ? — A
shrub; leaves 10"'-30'", calyx 1'" long. — Hab. Bahamas !, Swains. ; [Haiti].

2. EHRETIA, L.

Calyx 5-fid, imbricative. Corolla rotate or salver-shaped. Stamens exserted. Style
2-fid. Drupe 2-pyrenous : pyrense 2-celled. — Woody plants ; flowers in a terminal panicle.

21 . E. tinifolia, L. Arboreous, glabrous ; leaves elliptical- oblong, obovate (or obovate-
roundish), entire; corolla rotate. — SI. t. 203./. 1. Br. Jam. t. 16./. 1. — A tree, often of
large size ; leaves 3"-6", calyx f1 long ; corolla white, 3",-4"', drupe 2"'-3'" diam., the
latter yellow, at last black. — Hab. Jamaica !, all coll., common in the lowlands; [Cuba! to
Swedish islands ; Mexico !, Yucatan !].

3. BEURERIA, P. Br. (p. 492), Jacq.

Calyx closed in the bud, 5-2-valved : teeth or lobes valvate. Corolla salver-shaped.
Stamens exserted. Style 2-fid. Fruit drupaceous, 4-pyreuous, rarely dry, 4-coccous. Co-
tyledons oblong, flat. — Woody plauts ; leaves entire ; flowers usually in corymbiform cymes,
white.

Sect. 1. Eubeitrehia. — Stamens inserted below the corolla-throat. Drupe globose or
ovoid, k-pyrenous : pyrence tardily separating .- distinct carpophore none.

22. B. succulenta, Jacq. Glabrous; leaves obovate-oblong, oblong, or obovate-
roundish, pctioled; corymbs spreading, usually paniculate; corolla-tube as long as the
obovate lobes, little longer than the glabrous calyx ; drupe globose or at leugth obtusely
4-angnlar, twice-thrice as long as the calyx. — Jacq. Amer. Piet. t. 45. — Ehretia Bourrcria,
L. — A small tree or shrub, 15-5' high ; leaves 2"-5", calyx 2"'-3m, corolla-tube 3"' long;
drupe yellow, 3W-6W diam. — Hab. Jamaica I, all coll., common in savannahs; Antigua!,
Nichols., Wullschl., Dominical, Imr., S. Lucia 1, Anders., S. Vincent !, Guild.; [Cuba! to
French islands ! ; Cura9ao],

23 B. tomentosa, G. Don. Velvety-pubescent or glabrescent; leaves elliptical-
oblong, lanceolate-oblong, or oval, blunt, tapering into the petiole, often hispidulous-
tubereled above, sottly pubescent beneath ; corolla-lube twice as long as the roundish

482

BORAGINEJS.

lobes, exceeding the softly pubescent calyx ; drupe globose, or at length obtusely 4-angular,
thrice as long as the calyx. — SI. t. 204./. 1. Br. Jam. t. 15./. 2.— Ehretia, Lam.— A.
small tree or shrub, 10'-15' high ; leaves 4"-2", calyx 2'"-3"', corolla-tube 4"'-6"' lone ;
drupe yellow, 4'"— 3,,r cliam.

a. Leaves pubescent, or upper side glabrate; corolla-tube twice as long as the hoary -
pubescent calyx.

/3. velutina. Leaves hispidulous-scabrous or glabrate above, velvety beneath ; corolla-
tube little longer than the hoary-pubescent calyx.— Ehretia velutina, DC.

y. havanensis. Leaves glabrous or glabrescent ; corolla-tube twice as long as the pu-
bescent (or glabrate) calyx. — Catesb. Carol. 2. t. 79. — Ehretia havanensis, W.

Hah. Bahamas !, Swains. ; Jamaica !, all coll., (a, /8, 7) ; [Cuba ! (7) ; Key West ! (7)].

24. B. domineensis, Gr. Branchlets puberulous or glabrate; leaves leathery, obo-

vate or oval, rounded-blunt or with a blmitish point, tapering into the petiole, glabrous ;
cymes terminated with glomerate flowers, sericeous ; corolla-tube twice as long as the
roundish lobes, as long as the ho ary -sericeous calyx. — Ehretia exsucca, Berter. ! ( non
Jacq.). — Leaves 4"-l calyx 3"'-4i"1 long. — Ha is. Jamaica !, Al., Albion pen ; [Haiti !].

Sect. 2. Tetracoccus. — Stamens inserted into the lower part of the corolla-tube , hispid*

below. Fruit dry, tetracoccous : nutlets seceding from a 2-pariite, filiform carpophore.

25. B. exsucca, Jacq. Branchlets hispidulous ; leaves elliptical or lanccolate-oblong,
pointed or bluntish, tapering into the short petiole, glabrous (or glabrescent), archveiued ;
cymes corymbiform, hispidulous ; calyx puberulous, mucronate in the bud, at length 2-3-
dentate; corolla-tube twice as long as the ovate-roundish lobes and as the calyx ; fruit
subulate-pyramidal : nutlets spongious, concave on the hack.— Jacq. Amer. Piet. t. 259.
/. 13 : analyt. — Ehretia, L. — A low tree, 15' high ; leaves 3"-2", corolla-tube 8"' long ;
fruit 6"' high and broad : nutlets contracted above the middle. — Hab. S. Vincent !, Guild. ;
[New Granada !, Venezuela].

4. ROCMEFORTIA, Sw.

Calyx 5-partite : segments imbricate. Corolla rotate. Stamens exserted, inserted into
the corolla-throat. Style 2-partite. Berry 4-pyrenous : pyreme early separating. Co-
tyledons flat. — Shrubs, often spiny ; leaves fascicled along the branches ; flowers yellowish-
white, in small corymbiform or solitary, terminating the fascicles of the leaves.

26. R. cuneata, Sw. ! Unarmed or with small spines; leaves obovate, blunt, or
emarginate, tapering into the petiole, glabrous, shining above; corymbs glabrcsccnl, ex-
ceeded* by the leaves ; calyx-segments ovate-roundish, ciliate, equalling the corolla-tube ;
corolla-segments ovate-oblong, blunt, twice as long as the tube ; berry globose.- R. ovala,
Sw. FI. {exdescr. fioris, non Sw. her bar.). —8' -4:' high; leaves 2"-]", calyx 1"' long;
corolla 4"'-5'", yellow berry 3'"-4'" diam. ; stigmas thickened. — Hab. Jamaica !, March ;
[Guadeloupe!, in woods],

27. R. acanthophora, Gr. Wholly spinose : leaves small, spathulate (or oval),
emarginate, subscssile or shortly petiolate, pubescent beneath or glabrate, usually twice as
long as the spines ; floioers 1-2, subsessile ; calyx-segments ciliate or pubescent, deltoid or
roundish, half as long as the corolla-lube ; corolla-segments ovate-oblong, blunt, about as
long as the tube ; berry globose. — Sw. FI. 1. 11. inf. : analyt. — Ehretia, DC. ! E. spinosa.
West !, Berter. ap. Spreng. I ( non Jacq.). R. ovata, Sw. herbar. ! but the analysis of the
flowers of both species was probably changed in his flora, so that their description in R.
cuneata, and the figure belong to this, and that of R. ovata to the foregoing species.
Leaves 4"'-] O'", calyx 1'" long; berry yellowish, 2"'-3"' diam.— Hab. Jamaica!, Sw.,
March, on arid, rocky hills; Antigua !, Wultschl. ; [Haiti !, S. Croix !].

5. TOURNEFORTIA, L.

Calyx 5 (-4) -partite. Corolla salver-shaped: lobes short. Stamens included, or the
points of the anthers exserted. Style simple : stigma supported by a ring, undivided or
2-lobcd. Fruit usually drupaceous, 2-pyrenous with 2-celled, 2-seeded pyreme, or 4(-l)-

BOHAGlNIivE.

483

pyreuous with 1 -seeded pyrente. — Shrubs (rarely herbs) ; leaves entire ; spikes gyrate, one-
sided, usually compound ; corolla-lobes in the West Indian species plait ed-valvate.

Sect. 1. Mallotonia. — Drupe dry, hollowed at the base, entire at the top, 2-pyrenous :
dissepiment of each pyrena solid. Seeds albuminous ; embryo straight.

28. T. gnaphalodes, 11. Dr. Wholly sericeous-tomentose, leafy ; leaves spathulate-
linear, blunt, sessile; spikes short, in a few-branched corymb : flowers subconnected, white;
corolla-tube villous : lobes ovate, blunt ; drupe ovate-conical. — Jacq. Amer. Piet. t. 259.
f. <): a leaf. — Heliotropium, Jacq.— -A. shrub, 2-6' high; leaves ll"-2-j'' long. — T1ab.
Bahamas !, Swains., (Park islands !, Hjalm. ; Jamaica !, Pd., M‘Nab, Al., along the coast ;
Antigua 1, Wullschl., S. Vincent 1, Guild., Barbadoes ; [Florida 1 to Guadeloupe 1],

Sect. 2. Pittonia, Kth. — Drupe entire, 2-pyrenous : pyrence 2-celled, campylospermous
by the hollowed dissepiment. Embryo straight.

29. T. hirsutissima, L. Hispid or hispidulous ; leaves elliptical, pointed, petioled :
primary veins 9-6-jugal ; spikes contracted, corymbose; corolla-tube strigose above the
base, cylindrical, thrice as long as the calyx : lobes deltoid-ovate ; drupe subglobose, pilose.
— St. t. 212. f. 1. Desc. FI. 4. t. 253. — T. fcotidissima, L. ( ex syn. SI.). T. corymbosa,
Sieb. Tr. 39! — A trailing shrub; leaves 3"-5", corolla-tube 2'" long; flowers and drupes
white. — Sab. Jamaica !, all coll. ; S. Vincent 1, Guild. ; Trinidad !, Sieb., Or. ; [Cuba 1
and Mexico 1 to Brazil] .

30. T. feetidissima, W. Leaves large, glabrous, elliptical-oblong, bluntish, tapering
into the petiole: primary veins \%-\4i-jugal ; spikes corymbose-panicled ; corolla-tube
hirsute, cylindrical, thrice as long as the calyx : lobes ovate, bluntish ; drupe subglobose,
glabrous.— Plum. Ed. Burm. t. 230. — Sufltuticose, robust; leaves 12"-S", corolla-tube 2"'
loug. — Hab. Dominica !, Imr. ; [Guadeloupe!].

31. T. filiflora, Gr. Leaves large, glabrous, oblong or elliptical-oblong, bluntish, tapering
into the petiole: primary veins \'b-\2-jugal ; spikes divaricate, corymbose-panicled ; co-
rolla-tube puberulous, filiform, 4-5 times as long as the calyx : lobes ovate-roundish,
mucronate ; drupe subglobose, glabrous.— T. cymosa, Gr. PI. Garib. (non L.). — Habit of
the preceding ; leaves 15''— 6", corolla-tube 21"' long, the latter narrower than in the allied
species. — Hab. Jamaica!, Pd., Dist., on rocks, Manchester, S. George; Dominical, Imr.,

S. Lucia 1, Anders. ; [Guadeloupe !].

32. T. cymosa, L., DC. Leaves glabrous, elliptical-oblong or lanceolate-oblong,
pointed, tapering into the petiole : primary veins 1 2-'.) -jugal ; spikes long, nodding, corym-
bose ; corolla-tube puberulous, cylindrical, 4 times as long as the calyx : lobes ovate-
lanceolate, acuminate ; drupe depressed, rhoinboid-subglobose, glabrous; — SI. t. 212 .f. 2.
Desc. FI. 5. t. 376. — T. feetidissima, Desc. — Habit of the preceding ; leaves 10"-5", spikes
8"-3", corolla-tube 2'" long. — Hab. Jamaica!, Al., March, Wullschl.; [Cuba!].

33. T. astrotricha, DC. Leaves pubescent beneath along the tertiary veins, elliptical-
oblong or elliptical-lanceolate, tapering into the petiole: primary veins %-b-jugal ; spikes
long, corymbose ; corolla-lube pubescent, cylindrical, twice to thrice as long as the calyx :
lobes oval-roundish, blunt ; drupe subglobose, glabrous. — Jacq. Ic. Bar. t. 31. — T. cymosa,
Jacq. ( non L.). — A shrub or small tree; leaves 8"-3", corolla-tube 2'" long; flowers “red-
dish” (Jacq.). — Hab. Jamaica!, Lane, Wils., March, e. g. Port Henderson.

34. T. bicolor, Sw. Leaves glabrous, elliptical, elliptical-oblong, or ovate, petioled,
primary veins 6-4(-8 )-jugal ; spikes short, corymbose, usually contracted-flexuose ; corolla-
tube pubescent, campanulate-cylindrical, 3 (-4) times as long as the calyx: lobes ovate,
mucronate ; drupe subglobose, glabrous. — A shrub; leaves 3"-5" (-6"), corolla-tube
2'" (-3'") long ; flowers greenish-white.

a. Calyx-segments ovate-lanceolate, one-third as long as the corolla-tube. — T. hevigata,
car. latifolia, DC. (ex Sieb. Tr. 40 !, Mart. 62 !).

fi. lrr.viga.la, Lam. (in herb, llyan). Calyx-segments lanceolate, one-third as loug ns the
corolla-tube.

y. brachysepala. Calyx-segments ovate-deltoid, one-fourth as long as the corolla-tube. —

T. laivigata, Seem . Pan am. !

484

BOltAGINEAL

Ha ii. Jamaica !, Pd., AL, Wullschl. (a) ; Antigua !, Wullschl. (a), Montserrat !, West
(7), Dominica !, Imr. (/3), Barbadoes ; Trinidad !, Sieb., Cr. (a) ; [Cuba ! and Mexico ! to
Brazil !].

35. T. staminea, Gr. {n. sp.) . Leaves glabrous or dotted with prominulous points,
leathery, elliptical-oblong or elliptical-lanceolate, with a bluntisb point, tapering into the
petiole: primary veins 5-7 -jugal ; spikes long, recurved, 2-4-lid ; corolla-tube slightly
puberulous or glabresceut, clavate-eylindrical, thrice as long as the calyx : lobes roundish,
blunt ; anthers oblong, with their point exserted ; drupe ovate-globose, contracted at the
suture, glabrous — A shrub, distinguished by the longer anthers and larger drupes, while in
all the 'foregoing Pittonice the anthers are roundish, and deeply included ; leaves 6"-4",
spike-divisions 6"-2" long; calyx-segments deltoid, glabrescent ; corolla-tube 2'" long ;
anthers 1'" long; subsessile, inserted into the middle of the tube ; drupe 2?" long. — Hab.
Jamaica !, Pd., AL, March, in the mountains, Dolphin’s peak ; [Haiti!].

Sect. 3. Messeeschmidia, Kth. ( non L., non A. DC.). — Drupe 4(- Y)-pyrenous , divided

into as many lobes as there are \-seeded pyrence. Embryo curved. — Anthers connivent,

with their points cohering ; drupes shortly pedicellate, distant.

In all our species there occur monstrous, tomeutose drupes, even in species of which
the normal ones are glabrous : a similar monstrosity (figured in Miq. Surin. t. 41) has led
Miquel to consider his T. syringifolia and T. laurifolia to be Pittonice : the former, though
unknown to me, from its pedicellate drupes, is a Messerschmidia, distinguished only by
minute characters from T. laurifolia.

36. T. laurifolia, Vent. Leaves glabrous or glabrescent, at leugth dotted with

roughisk points beneath, ovate or elliptical, pointed, petioled ; spikes diverging, corymbose ;
corolla-tube slender, puberulous or pubescent, 4-3 (-6) times as long as the calyx : lobes
subulate : anthers oblong, with their connivent points exserted, inserted below the corolla-
throat ; drupe 2-4(-l)-lobed, glabrous. — Vent. Choix, t. 2.— T. syringifolia, V. in PI.
Ryan!, Berter.! {non Miq.). T. Sagreeana and surinamensis, A. DC. — A twining herb,
variable in the down, the size of the calyx, its segments ovate or lanceolate, and the breadth
of- the subulate corolla-lobes ; leaves corolla-tube 2w-3,,, long : lobes one-third to

one-fourth as long as the tube.— Hab. Jamaica!, AL, March; Trinidad!, Gr., Loclcli. ;
[Cuba ! and Panama I to equat. Brazil ! and Guiana !] .

37. T. volubilis, L. Leaves hispidulous (or glabrate) above, glabrate or puberulous
beneath, ovate or oblong, petioled ; spikes slender, corymbose ; corolla-tube puberulous,
thrice as long as the calyx, nearly as long as the linear-filiform lobes ; anthers ovate,
pointleted, included, inserted below the corolla-throat ; drupes 4 (-2) -globose, glabrous.

St. t. 143. f. 2. — A twining, variable shrub; leaves 3,,-l" (— %"), corolla-tube V" long.

a. Leaves 3"-l" long, pointed. — T. punctata, Spreng. {ex Sieb. Mart. 63 !).

/3. micropliylla, Desv. Leaves small, l"-6"' (~4W) long, blunt.

Hab. Bahamas!, Swains., Jamaica !, Pd., Al. .{a) ; Antigua I, Wullschl. {ft), S. Lucia !,
S. Vincent !, Guild., Barbadoes!, Lane ; [S. Thomas! to French islands! ; Venezuela! to
Brazil !].

38. T. caribaea, Or. Leaves hispidulous on both sides, ovate-oblong or ovate-lan-
ceolate, acuminate or poiutleted, petioled; spikes slender, corymbose; corolla-tube pu-
bescent, thrice as long as the calyx, nearly twice as long as the linear-filiform lobes ;
anthers ovate, pointleted, included, inserted below the corolla-throat ; drupe 4 (-2) -globose,
strigose : calyx excrescent. — T. psilostachya /3, DC. {exclus. synon.) the allied T. psilo-
stachya, Kth. {T. sirigosa, Anders. !) has glabrous drupes. — A twining shrub ; leaves
4,,-l-[',) corolla-tube 1'” long. — IIab. Dominica !, Imr. ; Trinidad !, Sieb. Tr. 243.

39. T. ferruginea, Lam. Leaves hispidulous or pubescent on both sides, or glabrate
above, ovate-lanceolate, ovate or oblong, pointed, petioled; spikes slender, corymbose ;
corolla-tube pubescent, about twice as long. as the calyx and as the linear-filiform lobes ;
anthers ovale-oblong , pointleted, included, inserted below the corolla-throat ; drupe 4 (-1)-
globose, glabrous.— T. micropliylla, Berter. ! T. volubilis /3, 7, DC. T. membranncea,
DC. {ex specim. Gardner). — A scandent, variable shrub, with pubescent brnnchlets ; leaves
l"-3£", corolla-tube !£'" long. — IIab. Jamaica l,- AL, March, Wullschl. ; [Cuba! and
Mexico ! to Brazil !].

BORAGINEfE.

485

40. T. tomentosa, Mill. Leaves pubescent above, hoary -tomentose beneath , ovate-

lanceolate oi- ovate-oblong, acuminate, petioled ; spikes corymbose, villous ; corolla-tube
villous, twice as long as the calyx , scarcely longer than the linear-filiform lobes ; anthers
ovate, pointleted, included, inserted below the corolla-throat ; drupe 4(-l)-globose, glabrous.
— T. sericea, V. ?, Fresen.—k scandent shrub; leaves corolla-tube 1"' long.—

Hab. Jamaica !, Mac/. ; Montserrat {ex synon. V.) ; Trinidad !, Loclch., Cr., on dry hills ;
[Brazil].

41. T. poliochros, Sprang.! Slender; leaves hispidulous above, hoary -tomentose
beneath, sharply lanceolate-acuminate, shortly petioled; spikes few-brancked, divaricate;
corolla-tube pubescent, twice as long as the calyx, about half as long again as the linear-
filiform lobes ; anthers ovate, pointleted, included, inserted about the middle of the corolla-
tube ; drape 4(-l)-lobed, glabrous : lobes globose. — A suflruticose climber ; leaves 2"—l",
corolla-tube V" long. — Hab. Jamaica !, Wils., Bancr., March.

42. T. incana, Lam. Slender ; leaves hispidulous above, scabrous-pubescent (or
hoary) beneath, oblong -lanceolate or oblong-linear, acuminate with a bluntish point,
petioled ; spikes usually short, few-branched, diverging ; corolla-tube pubescent, thrice as
long as the calyx, about twice as long as the linear filiform lobes ; anthers ovate, pointleted,
included, inserted about the middle of the corolla-tube ; drupe 4(— l)-lobed, glabrous : lobes
globose. — Lam. III. t. 95./. 3. — T. minuta, Berter. {ex Descr). T. sericea, V.?, Cham. —
A small, trailing or snberect shrub ; leaves l"-f (-l/), corolla-tube l”' long. — Hab.
Jamaica {ex synon. Berter.) ; [Cuba 1, Haiti !].

6. HELIOTROPIUM, L.

Calyx 5-partite, rarely 5-dentate. Corolla salver-shaped, plaited : lobes short. Stamens
included. Style simple, terminal, or none : stigma supported by a ring. Nutlets 4, all
seceding or united in pans. — Herbs or low shrubs ; flowers one-sided, in gyrate spikes or
single.

The geuera, usually separated from Heliotropium, are analogous to the sections of
Tournefortia, and would, if admitted, lead to a similar division of the latter genus.

Sect. 1. Tiaridium, Lehm. — Fruit 2-lob ed, the conical, costate nutlets being united in

pairs. — Corolla contracted at the glabrous throat. Anthers distinct. Stigma peltate-

hemispherical, as long as the style. Spikes ebracteate.

.43. H. indicum, L. Annual, pilose ; leaves ovate or subcordate, contracted into the
long petiole, crenate-repand ; spikes elongated, simple ; anthers inserted below the middle
of the corolla-tube ; fruit glabrous : lobes diverging, 2 -dentate : carpi'ds with an empty
cavity along the commissure. — Desc. FI. 7. t. 483. — Tiaridium, Lehm. Heliophytum, DC.
— V-2' high ; flowers pale-blue. — Hab. Jamaica 1, all coll., a weed ; Nevis, Antigua !,
Wullschl. ; Trinidad !, Sch. ; [Illinois ! to Buenos Ayres !, and all tropical countries.]

Sect. 2. Heliophytum, Cliam.—Fndt didymous, the subglobose nutlets being united in
pairs. — Corolla-tube open. Anthers distinct. Spikes ebracteate.

44. H. parviflorum, I. Annual or suffrutescent, pilose; leaves ovate-lanceolate,
ovate, or lanceolate-oblong, pointed, petioled •. hairs scattered above, confined to the veins
beneath ; spikes slender, simple or 2-partite ; anthers oblong, pointed, inserted below the
middle of the shortly exserted corolla ; stigma convex, sessile, puberulous ; fruit rugose,
glabrescent, shortly i-lobed : carpid-pairs parallel. — Dill. Elth. 1. 14(5. — Heliophytum, DC.
H. foetidum, DC. H. humile, Pcepp. Cub. {non Lam.). — V-2' high ; leaves often opposite;
corolla white : tube •§'" long : limb hairy above. — Hab. Bahamas !, Swains. ; Jamaica !, all
coll., a weed ; Antigua !, Wullschl., S. Vincent !, Guild. ; Trinidad !, Cr., Loclch., common
on dry banks during the wet season; [Key West!; Cuba! aud Mexico! to Peru! and
Brazil ! ; Galapagos !].

Sect. 3. Eu heliotropium. — Fruit of 4 seceding nutlets. Spikes ebracteate. — Corolla
usually glabrous at the throat. Anthers mostly distinct.

45. H. inundatum, Sw. ! Annual or sulTrutesoeut, hairy-subcanescent with oppressed

48 15

LABIATE.

(or spreading) down ; leaves spathulate or oval-oblong, blunt, pelioled ; spikes 4-3 (-2)-
partite, filiform ; corolla shortly exserted, bearing distinct hair-bundles above the stamens ;
anthers distinct, mucrouate, inserted above the base of the corolla ; stigma conical, gla-
brcsccnt, sessile ; nutlets minute, subglobose, puberulous on the bark. — Kill. Nov. Gen.
t. 206 : the villous form. — Schleideuia, Presen. H. cinereum, eanescens, and proeumbens,
Kth. — V-2' high ; corolla white, , nutlets p" long : in the analogous H. ovalifolinm,
Forsk. [IT. coromandelinum, Retz., II. Kunzei , Lehm., II. niloticum, A. DC.) of the old
world I see the nutlets thrice as large, and more distinctly wrinkled on the sides. — Hab.
Jamaica!, along the sea-shore, in wet places; Trinidad!, Sieb. Tr. 89, 227, Sell., Loc/ch.,
Cr. ; [Cuba!, Texas !, and California!, to Uruguay !].

46. H. curassavicum, L. Sufirutescent, glabrous ; leaves lanceolate subsessile ;
spikes 2-partite or simple; corolla shortly exserted, glabrous within; anthers distinct,
acuminate, inserted above the bltse of the corolla; stigma ; blunt, glabrous, sessile ; nutlets
ovate— 3-goual, glabrous. — SI. t. 132. f. 3.- — Succulent-glaucous; flowers small, white. —
Hab. Jamaica!, all coll., chiefly on the sea-shore; Antigua!, Wullsclil. ; [Oregon! to
Patagonia ! ; Sandwich islands ! to Australia ! and the Cape !].

Sect. 4. Oiithostachys, R. Br. — -Fruit seceding into 4 nutlets. Flowers lateral , in

bracteate spikes or single. — Corolla puberulous at the throat. Anthers subulate, cohering

by their puberulous point, inserted about the middle of the corolla-tube. Style short.

H. parvijlorum ( Sclileidenia , DC., and Lithospermum. distichum, Pcepp. Cub. 2580, non
Orteg.), found in Brazil and Cuba, is distinguished from Ortliostachys by longer-pedicellate
flowers, the calyx 5 -fid aud the corolla-plaits produced into a tooth : hence Fresenius has
reduced Ortliostachys to Sclileidenia , which may be regarded (like Odontotropium ) as a
peculiar section of Heliotropium.

47 • • filiforme, Ktli. Slender, annual, suffruticose, branched, strigose ; leaves

lanceolate, subsessile ; flowers at length shortly pedicellate and distant in elongated spilces :
bracts miuute ; corolla-tube as loug as the longer calyx-segments, puberulous below the
throat : lobes ovate ; stigma conical, as long as the style, puberulous at the top ; nutlets
subglobose, hispidulous, 1-foveolate on each side. — SI. t. 132. f. 4. Kth. Nov. Gen. t. 204.
— Schleideuia, Fresen. H. lielophilum. Mart. H. myosotoides, Berter. ! ( non Lehm.). —
8"-12" high, often diffuse; corolla white: tube V" long. — Hab. Jamaica!, March,
Wullsclil., in wet places; Mexico ! to Brazil !].

48. KC. fruticosum, L. Shrubby, leafy, strigose or villous-hispid ; leaves lanceolate-
acuminate or linear, subsessile, revolute at the margin ; flowers in short, dense, recurved
spikes, at length shortly pedicellate ; corolla-tube about as long as the calyx, closed by
decurrent, pubescent plaits : lobes ovate ; stigma conical, as long as the style, puberulous
at the 2-dentate top ; nutlets subglobose, hispidulous, 1-foveolate on each side. — Plum. Ed.
Burm. t. 227./. 2. — H. ternatum.F. H. demissum, It. S. H. hirtum, Lehm. ! : the short-
leaved form. — 5'-l' high, variable in the down, and the leaves 16"'-4"' long, ternately ap-
proximate, imbricate, or scattered : corolla white : tube 2'" long.- — Hab. Jamaica !, Mac/.,
Al., Wits., in dry, calcareous soil : Antigua !, Wullsclil., Dominica !, Imr., S. Vincent !,
Guild. ; [Cuba 1 to French islands !, Sieb. Mart. 385 ; Guatemala ! to Venezuela 1],

49. H. microphyllum, Sw. Procumb.eut, diffuse, perennial, suffruticose, hoary-
sericeous by strigose down; leaves approximate or imbricate, minute, elliptical-oblong,
poiuted, sessile : flowers solitary, sessile between the superior leaves ; corolla-tube as loug
as the calyx, nearly closed at the puberulous throat : lobes roundish ; stigma conical, pube-
rulous, longer than the short style ; nutlets subglobose, hoary-strigulose, 1-foveolate on
each side. — Nearly allied to H. humifusum, Kth., of Cuba, which has longer, hispid leaves.
3"-6" long ; leaves l'"-2"', corolla-tube P" long. — Hab. Autigua !, Wullsclil., at Carlisle;
[Guadeloupe].

CXX. LABIAT7E.

Stamens didynamous-2, inserted into the sympetalous, imbricative, mostly 2-lipped
corolla. Ovary superior, 2-carpelJary, 4-lobed, 4-celled : ovules single in each cell, erect :

LABI AT.®.

487

style immersed. Fruit of 4 nutlets ; seeds mostly cxalbuminous. Herbs or shrubs ; stem
mostly tetragonal ; leaves opposite , exstipulate ; flowers in cymose clusters (whorls), rarely
solitary : clusters axillary, racemose, or spiJcate.

Volatile oils are general, aud largely used as aromatics, e.g. those of Ocvmum, Hyptis,
and Salvia : the latter is astringent too.

1. OCIMUM, L.

Calyx very unequal, at length deflexed : upper tooth large, decurrent. Upper corolla-lip
4-fid, inferior entire, usually flat. Stamens didynamous, deflexed. — Whorls 6 (-10 )-jlowered,
racemose.

1*. O. Basilicum, L. Annual; leaves elliptical or elliptical-lanceolate, glabrescent;
raceme interrupted ; calyx ciliate, about half as long as the corolla : superior tooth
roundish, shortly decurrent, 2 lateral ovate, pointed, 2 inferior subulate ; upper filaments
bearing a tooth at their base.— Desc. FI. 4. t. 301. — Hab. Naturalized in Jamaica, S.
Vincent !, Guild. ; [introduced from trop. Asia ! and Africa !].

2. O. micranthuxu, W. Annual ; leaves ovate, pointed, serrulate, contracted into
the petiole, glabrescent ; calyx enlarged around the nutlets : upper tooth ovate, blunt,
concave, decurrent to the base of the tube, 4 inferior subulate ; filaments naked, included.
— O. frutescens, Sieb. Mart. 154.— Calyx at length 4'" long.— Hab. Jamaica!, Cist.,
Wi/s.; Antigua!, Wullschl., S. Lucia!, lib. Benlh. ; [Cuba! and Mexico to Brazil!].

2*. COLEUS, Lour.

Calyx unequal: upper tooth larger. Corolla-tube deflexed: upper lip 4(-3)-crenate,
inferior entive, elongated, concave. Stamens of Ocimum, but monadelphous : tube narrow,
including the style. — Whorls 6 -many -flowered, racemose.

3*. C. amboinicus, Lour. Suffruticose, subtomentose or pilose ; leaves deltoid,
crenate, petioled ; raceme elongated, interrupted : whorls mauy-10-flowered ; calyx tomen-
tose, naked at the throat : upper tooth ovate-oblong, blunt, not decurrent, 4 inferior shorter,
linear-setaceous ; corolla-tube infracted at the middle, twice as long as the calyx, as long as
the inferior lip. — Bot.Beg.t. 1520: in our form the stamens are longer-exserted. — C.
aromaticus, Benth. — Fragrant ; branches somewhat fleshy ; raceme 6"-12" long. — Hab.
Naturalized in Antigua!, Wullschl.; [introduced from the East Indies].

3. MARSYPIANTHES, Mart.

Calyx equal, 5-fid. Inferior corolla-lobe deflexed, 4 superior subequal. Stamens 4,
deflexed. Nutlets cymbiform, appendiculate by an involute, dentate wing. — Herbs; whorls
capitate, (rarely few-Jloioered) , axillary.

4. M. hyptoides, Mart. Annual; leaves ovate or ovate-lanceolate, serrate; heads
many-flowered, usually peduncled. — Ann. Mus. 7. t. 27./. 4; #.31. f. 1. — Hyptis cha-
iniedrys, W. H. pseudochamsedrys, Poit. — Heads 4,,,-6"' chain. ; corolla included, blue or
purple. — Hab. S. Vincent !, Anders. ; Trinidad !, Sieb., Or., a we«ri • [Portorico ! aud
Mexico ! to Brazil !].

4. HYPTIS, Jacg.

Calyx 5-dentate-5-fid. Corolla 2-lipped : inferior lobe deflexed. Stamens 4, deflexed.
Nutlets devoid of a concave margin. — The West Indian species herbaceous.

* Flowers sessile in spicate whorls.

5. H. spicigera, Lam. Stout ; leaves petioled, ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, serrate,
floral linear ; spikes cylindrical, terminal ; calyx equal : teeth subulate, shorter than the
tube. 81. 1. 108. /. 1. Desc. FI. 8. #.581. — 7,_2 high; spikes 1^— 8,( long; flowers
small, white. — Hab. Jamaica, along ditches near Spanish town {Sl.)\ [West Indies to
Brazil ! ; trop. Africa ! and Asia].

488

LABI AT JL

** Flowers sessile, capitate : heads axillary.

6. H. capitata, Jacq. Stout, glabrescent ; leaves petioled, ovate-oblong, pointed,
unequally and coarsely serrate, floral oblong -linear, at length reflexed, shorter than the
head : heads globose, axillary, shorter than their peduncle ; calyx equal : teeth subulate-
setaceous, erect, at length one-third as long as the tube. — SI. t. 109./. 2. — Clinopodium,
L. — 7'-2' high ; leaves 2"-5", peduncles 2"{-V) long: heads in fruit 10'"-12"' diam.—
Hab. Jamaica!, all coll., a common weed; Antigua!, Wullschl., S. Lucia !, S. Vincent !,
Guild. ; [Cuba ! and Mexico ! to Brazil ! ; Galapagos ! ; Manilla !].

7. 3HL brevipes, Poit. Stout, hairy above; leaves pelioled, ovate or ovate-oblong,
pointed, iuciso-serrate, floral lanceolate-acuminate, exceeding the flowering head ; heads
globose, axillary, about as long as their peduncle ; calyx equal : teeth subulate-setaceous,
erect, at length about as long as the tube. — Habit of the preceding, but leaves usually
broader, peduncles 6W(-1") long, heads smaller, in fruit 6"'-8"' diam., and calyx-teeth
longer. — Hab. Jamaica; Trinidad!, Cr., in moist places, Sieb. Tr. 359; [Martinique ! ;
Mexico to Brazil !, trap. Africa ! and Asia !].

8. H. atrorubens, Poit. Procumbent or ascending, hairy above ; leaves petioled,
shortly ovate-oblong or ovate, obtusely serrate, floral ovate, appressed, almost as long as the
head ; heads globose-hemispherical, axillary, as long as (or half as long as) their peduncle ;
calyx equal, truncate : teeth setaceous, erect, hispidulous, at length shorter than the tube. —
Ann. Mus. 7. t. 21. f. 3. — Rooting at the base; leaves 1" long; heads 4"'-6"' diam. —
Hab. Jamaica!, March; Dominica!, Inir., S. Vincent !, Guild.; Trinidad \, Loclch., Cr.,
in moist savannahs ; [Haiti and Mexico ! to Brazil ! ; Senegambia !].

9. $2. lantanifolia, Poit. Virgate, usually villous ; leaves subsessile or inferior

petioled, shortly ovate-oblong, serrate, floral exterior ones ovate, spreading, subserrate,
interior ovate-oblong, about as long as the head ; heads hemispherical, confined to the
superior axils, shorter than or as long as their peduncle ; calyx equal : teeth rigid, linear-
acuminate, spinescent, recurved-flexuose, yellowish, minutely puberulous, longer than the
tube. — Ann. Mus. 1. t. 29./. 1. — 2,-5, high; leaves 1", peduncles long; heads

about 6'" diam.

a. All leaves subsessile, villous beneath.

/3. glabrescens. Puberulous with appressed down ; leaves glabrescent beneath, superior
subsessile, inferior shortly petioled.

Hab. Trinidad!, Loclch., Cr., in savannahs (a, fl) ; [Mexico ! to Brazil !].

10. H. melanosticta, Gr. (n. sp.). Virgate; leaves petioled, elliptical-oblong,

pointed, cuneate at the base, serrate above, glabrescent or slightly pilose with flaccid hairs,
black-dotted beneath, floral linear-acuminate, at length reflexed, little exceeding the inferior
flowers ; heads globose, axillary : their diameter longer than their short peduncle ; calyx
equal : teeth subulate-setaceous, spreading-erect, slightly recurved at the point, hispidulous,
at length about half as long as the tube.— Habit of H. obtusiflora, Prl., and apparently
allied to H. vilis, Kth. Stem simple, 1' high, pubescent chiefly along the angles ; leaves
about 1" long, broad : serratures few, spreading ; heads in most axils, 4",-5," diam.,

nearly equalling the petiole : peduncle 2"'-V" long : floral leaves numerous, resembliug
bracts, 21" long : receptacle hairy ; calyx membranaceous, hispidulous, naked within, often
black-dotted : teeth about long. — IIab. Trinidad I, Cr., in savannahs at Caroni.

*** Flotvers sessile, in racemose heads .

11. H. spicata, Poit. Stout, glabrescent; leaves petioled, ovate, pointed, unequally
serrate, floral elliptical, at length much shorter than the head ; heads usually few-flowered,
in simple or compound, interrupted racemes ; calyx equal, truncate : tube cylindrical,
ventricose at the base : teeth shortly setaceous, erect, much shorter than the tube. — Ann.
Mus. 7- t. 28./. 2. — Variable; leaves l"-3", calyx 2"'-5"' long; corolla exserted. — Hab.
Trinidad !, Sieb. Tr. 265 ; [Cuba ! ; Florida I to Buenos Ayres !].

12. H. polystachya, Kth. Stout, pubescent; leaves petioled, ovate, pointed, un-
equally serrate, floral elliptical-oblong, poiuted, about as long as the head ; heads few-
flowered, in a panicle of virgate racemes ; calyx equal, truncate, hairy : teeth short, linear,
bluntish, erect, much shorter than the tube. — Leaves l"-2" long, superior decrescent ; calyx

LABIATJE.

489

long; corolla exserted.— IIab. Trinidad 1, lockh., common in savannahs and
ravines ; [Mexico ! to Venezuela 1 and Bolivia !].

***# 'Flowers in contracted cymes, subsessile or pedicellate.

13. H. suaveolens, Poit. Stont, pilose ; leaves petioled, ovate or inferior cordate,
duplicate-serrate or subsinuate, floral minute, setaceous ; heads few-flowered, shortly pe-
duncled, for subsessile, racemose-paniculate, and axillary ; calyx subsessile or very shortly
pedicellate, * 10-costate : teeth subulate-setaceous, at length shorter than the tube, rigid,
spreading-erect. — SI. 1. 101. f. 2. Br. Jam. t. 18. f. 3 : analyt. Jacq.Am.er. Piet, t 163.
Base. PI. 6. t. 448. — Ballota, L. II. Plumieri, Poit. — Very variable, fragrant ; heads
5-2-flowered; calyx at length 5,,,-2w long; corolla pale-blue, shortly exserted. — Hab.
Jamaica !, all coll., a weed, in gravelly soil ; Dominica !, Imr. ; Trinidad !, Or., in savannahs,
and cultivated as a medical plant ; [Cuba ! and Mexico ! to Brazil ! ; East Indies !].

14. H. pectinata, Poit. Virgate, puberulous or glabrescent ; leaves petioled, ovate,
unequally crenate-serrate (or serrate), hoary-pubescent beneath or glabrescent, floral seta-
ceous ; flowers one-sided in contracted, short, gyrate, recurved cymes .- cyrnes racemose or
pauiculate ; calyx shortly pedicellate, 10-striate, subequal ; tube shortly eampanulate,
densely villous at the truncate throat : teeth setaceous, shorter than the tube, suberect. —
Ann. Mus. 7. t. 30.— Nepeta, L. — 6-2' high ; cymes 2w-4m diam. ; calyx-tube 1"' long ;
flowers variegated-whitish. — -Hab. Jamaica !, all coll., a common weed, in arid soil ; An-
tigua ! , Lane, Wullschl., Dominica !, Imr., S. Vincent !, Guild.; [Cuba! and Mexico! to
Uruguay ! ; trop. Africa!].

15. H. verticillata, Jacq. Virgate, paniculate, usually glabrescent; leaves shortly
petioled, oblong-lanceolate or lanceolate, serrate, floral setaceous or abortive ; whorls
sessile, in interrupted racemes, inferior axillary ; calyx pedicellate, equal : tube shortly
eampanulate, glabrous : teeth ovate-lanceolate, shorter than the tube, erect. — Jacq. Ic. Bar.
t. 113. — Stachys patens, Sw. — 8-1' high; whorls at length 4"'-5w diam.; calyx 1'" long ;
flowers small, whitish.— Hab. Jamaica !, Macf., March, Wils., common ; [Haiti, S. Thomas !,
Mexico ! to Uruguay !].

5. MICRO MERIA, Benth.

Calyx subequal, 5-dentate, 13-nerved. Corolla 2-lipped : tube snbinclnded : lobes flat.
Stamens didynamous, distant, ascending : anther-cells 2. — 'Whorls axillary or racemose.

16. M. obovata, Benth. Shrubby, diffuse, pimpled and pubescent ; leaves small,
obovate or ovate-roundish, revolute at the margin, entire, hoary beneath ; whorls 2-4-
flowered; calyx subsessile: teeth short, subulate-lanceolate, bluntiah; corolla half ds long
again as the calyx; anthers included: cells parallel; style exserted. — Coll a Bipul. t. 25.
— Xenopoma, W. Satureja viminea, L. Zygia aromatica, Besv. — 1'-12' high; leaves
3"'_5'", white corolla 3"' long.— Hab. Jamaica !, M'Nab, March, in the higher mountains ;
[Cuba !].

17. M. Brownei, Benth. Herbaceous, delicate, procumbent, glabrous (except the
ciliate petioles) or glabrescent ; leaves deltoid-roundish, obtusely few-serrate, whoi'ls
2-flowered, ebracteolate ; calyx pedicellate, hairy at the throat : teeth deltoid, bluutish ;
corolla twice as long as the calyx ; anthers included : cells parallel. — Mart. FI. Bras. 22.
t. 32, f. 1. Thymus, Sw. Habit of Veronica hederaflolia ; leaves 3^—5^ diam. : petiole of
variable length ; pedicels filiform, about as long as the flower ; corolla 4"'-5'" long pur-
plish-white.—Hab. Jamaica !, all coll. ; [Florida ! to Brazil !].

6. SALVIA, L.

Calyx and corolla 2-lippcd. Stamens 2 : filaments jointed with the elongated, transverse
connective, one branch of which is ascending, terminated by one authcr-ccll, the other
usua y esu.m ing, icaiing the rudiment of the second cell. — Whorls racemose or pani-
cu a !. , m ie Vest Indian species the corolla is devoid of an inner hair-ring, and the
connective is linear to the end of the descending branch. (Calosphnce).

490

LABIAT7E.

* Gorolla small ; whorls distant.

18. S. occidentalis, Sw. Annual, diffuse! ; leaves ovate, pointed, cuneatc at the base,
serrate, glabrescent (or with scattered hairs), floral subulate ; whorls distantly racemose,
6-2-flowercd ; calyx glandular, about half a3 long as the blue corolla : upper lip entire,
blunt, inferior 2-partite, its segments deltoid, bluntish or mucronate. — SI. t. 107./. 2. —
Hyptis glandulosa, Sieb. Mart. 151. S. obscura, Benih.l: the form with mucronate in-
ferior calyx-lobes. — Leaves 1£"— 1", corolla 3W loug. — Hab. Jamaica !, all coll., a common
weed; Antigua!, Nichols., Dominica!, S. Vincent!, Guild.; Trinidad!, Lockli., Or., com-
mon in dry savannahs j [Cuba ! and Mexico ! to Peru ! ; Galapagos !].

1 9. S. tenella, Sw. Aunual, diffuse, or creeping ; leaves deltoid, truncate or sub-
cordate at the base, serrate with spreading serratures, glabrescent or pubescent chielly
beneath , floral small, lanceolate; whorls distantly racemose, 6-1 0 (-2) -flowered ; calyx
glandular, exceeding half the blue corolla : upper lip entire, bluntish, inferior 2-partite, its
segments ovate, shortly mucronate ; superior stigma-lobe convolute, bluntish. — Sw. Ic. t. 2 :
a small-leaved, small-flowered form, which however passes into the common, larger-flowered,
diffuse S. micrantha, V. ( Jacq . Schosnbr. t. 481.). — Leaves 6m-12w, corolla 2"'-4"' long. —
Hab. Jamaica!, Al., Wullschl., Wils., March, a common weed; [Cuba!, S. Thomas ! ;
Mexico].

20. S. serotina, L. Suffruticose, softly pilose ; leaves deltoid, bluntish, truncate or
subcordate at the base, crenate with oppressed, truncate crenatures, softly pubescent,
floral small, lanceolate; whorls distantly racemose, 6(-2)-flowered ; calyx glandular,
exceeding half the blue (or white) corolla : upper lip entire, conform to the inferior 2 deltoid
teeth; stigma-lobes filiform. — Jacq. Ic. Bar. t. 3. Sw. Obs. t. 1./. 1.- — S. dominica, Sw.
— Leaves 12,"-6"', corolla 3W long. — Hab. Bahamas!, Swains.; Jamaica!, Waters; An-
tigua !, Lane, Wullschl., Dominica ! ; Trinidad !, Sieb. Tr. 124 ; [Virgin to French islands!,
Sieb. Mart. 379].

** Corolla shortly exserted ; whorls approximate.

21. S. hispanica, L. Annual, rigid-erect, pubescent; leaves ovate, pointed, serrate,
long-petioled, floral ovate, exceeding the short pedicels ; raceme spiciform : whorls approxi-
mate, many -flower ed ; calyx campauulate, villous-pubescent: upper lip ovate, pointed,
2 inferior teeth ovate-lanceolate, acuminate; corolla blue, shortly exserted, glabrous,
including the stamens. — Bot. Reg. 5. t. 359. — V-21 high; leaves 2,,-4,,J corolla

long. — LIab. Jamaica!, Macf., Al., Pd., in coffee-plantations, Port Royal ; [Mexico! to
Quito ; naturalized in south-western Europe].

*** Corolla above half an inch long ; whorls at length distant.

22. S. eriocalyx, Berter. Shrubby ; leaves oblong-lanceolate, acuminate, serrate,
pubescent above, hoary-tomentose beneath, floral deciduous ; whorls racemose, little distant,
6-1 0-flowered ; calyx woolly: upper lip roundish, blunt, 2 inferior teeth deltoid, bluntish;
corolla red, villous, about twice as long as the calyx, including the stamens. — 8' high ;
leaves 3"-2", corolla 8'" long.— IIab. Jamaica !, Macf, Pd., Wils., in the mountains of
Port Royal.

23. S. lamiifolia, Jacq. Suffruticose, erect, slightly puberulous ; leaves ovate, point-
leted, serrate, glabrescent, floral oval-subulate, deciduous ; whorls racemose, distaut, 6-10-
flowered ; calyx glabrescent between the puberulous ribs : teeth 3, conform, subulate ;
corolla blue, villous above, twice as long as the calyx, including the stamens.— Jacq.
Schcenbr. t. 318.— Leaves 5''-4", corolla 10'" long.— ITab. S. Vincent!, Guild. ; Trinidad!,
Sieb. Tr. 189 ; [Cuba].

24. S. coccmea, L. Herbaceous, erect ; leaves cordate-ovate or ovate, crcnatc, hoary-
pubescent beneath, floral ovate-lanceolate or lanceolate, deciduous ; whorls racemose, distant,
6-10-flowcred ; calyx puberulous: teeth 3, ovate-deltoid; corolla crimson , puberulous,
twice to thrice as long as the calyx ; stamens exserted. — Pohl Ic. Bras. t. 192. Leaves
1 "-2", corolla 8'"-10"' long.

a. Stem appressed-pubesccnt.

0. ciliata, Bcnth. Stem pilose, stout.— S. psendocoecinca, Jacq. Ic. Bar. t. 209.

LABIAT2E.

491

Hab. Jamaica!, List, (a); Antigua 1, Nichols., Wullschl. (£), Dominica!, Imr. (a);
Trinidad ! ; [Bermudas ! and Florida to Brazil].

S. splendens, Sell., occurs in Mr. Wullschlaegel’s Jamaica collection: probably escaped
from gardens.

S. densijlora, Benth., said to occur in Dominica, is probably a Haiti species.

7*. ANISOMELES, R. Br.

Calyx equal, 5-dentate, 10-nerved. Corolla 2-lipped : upper lip shorter, entire, inferior
3-lobed : tube included, annulate within. Stamens didynamous, exserted, approximate,
2 inferior shorter : anthers roundish, of the longer 1-celled, of the shorter 2-celled with
parallel cells. Stigma-lobes equal, pointed. Nutlets smooth, blunt. — Herbs ; whorls
axillary or racemose.

25*. A. ovata, R. Br. Erect, pubescent ; leaves ovate or deltoid-roundish, coarsely
crenate above the base ; whorls many-flowered, distant, inferior axillary : bracts spathulate-
linear ; calyx transversely veiny above, half as long as the purple corolla : teeth large,
ovate-lanceolate, acuminate. — Jacq. Eclog. t. 86. — Nepeta indica, L. N. amboinica, L.jil.
Ballota disticha, L. — 1'-3' high, habit of Ballota ; calyx long. — Hab. Jamaica 1,

Wils., a common weed; [introduced from the East Indies !].

8*. STACHYS, L.

Calyx 5-dentate, 10-5-nerved. Corolla 2-lipped : tube usually annulate within. Sta-
mens didynamous, parallel, 2 inferior longer, often at length deflexed : anthers 2-celled.
Stigma-lobes equal, pointed. Nutlets blunt.

26*. S. arvensis, L. Annual, diffuse, pilose ; leaves ovate, blunt, crenate, petioled ;
whorls 6-4(-2)-flowered, distant: bracts none; calyx hispid: teeth lanceolate-acuminate ;
corolla purple, shortly exserted. — Hab. Jamaica !, March, a weed ; [introduced from
Europe !].

9. LEONURUS, L.

Calyx 5-dentate, 5 -nerved: teeth spinescent. Corolla, 2-lipped : upper lip entire, inferior
3-lobed. Stamens didynamous, parallel, 2 inferior longer : anthers 2-eelled. Stigma-lobes
subequal. Nutlets 3-gonal, truncate. — Herbs ; leaves usually cut.

27. Ij. sibiricus, L. “Biennial,” stout, erect, puberulous or glabrescent; leaves
palmatipartite or uppermost entire ; calyx glabrescent, about half as long as the corolla ;
corolla red, pubescent : upper lip concave, tube straight, not annulate, exceeded by the
stamens. — Reichenb. Crit. 4. t. 337. — Corolla about 6"' long. — Hab. Jamaica, a weed;
Antigua !, Wullschl., S. Vincent 1, Guild.; Trinidad!, Sieb. Tr. 183; [Oregon! to Uru-
guay ! ; Siberia ! to East Indies ! and trop. Africa].

10. LEUCAS, R. Br.

Calyx 10-8-denlate, 10-nerved. Corolla 2 -lipped : upper lip concave, entire, woolly.
Stamens didynamous, parallel, 2 inferior longer: anther-cells diverging. Stigma-lobes
unequal, superior short. Nutlets 3-gonal, blunt.

28. Ij. martinicensis, R. Br. Annual, erect, pubescent ; leaves ovate-lanceolate or

ovate, obtusely serrate; whorls large, globose, many-flowered, distant: bracts linear-
acuinmate ; calyx oblique above, recurved : teeth spinescent-setaceous from a subulate base,
uppermost much longer; corolla white, included, not annulate.— Jacq. Ic. Rar. t. 110. —
Clinopodium, Jacq. Phlomis, Sw. P. caribrca, Jacq.— Whorls axillary, at length 1" diam.
77 ,|A'V w,e//schl., a weed, Dominica!, Imr., S. Vincent!, Guild. ; Trinidad!,

Sieb. Ir. 165 ; [Haiti to Brazil; trop. Africa 1 to the Cape ! and East Indies !].

11. LEONOTIS, R. Br.

Character of Leucas, but upper corolla-lip elongated, much longer than the inferior

2 K

492

VERBENACE2E.

winch is equally 3-lid. — Whorls large, subglobose, distant-, flowers crimson or yellow;
calyx recurved, oblique.

29. L. nepetsefoiia, 11. Br. Annual ; leaves ovate, crenate-serrate, long-petioled ;
calyx-teeth spinesceut, unequal, lanceolate linear, uppermost much larger, subulate ; corolla
crimson, villous, about twice as long as the calyx. — Bot. Reg. t. 281. — Phlomis, L. 2'-8'
high: whorls about 2" diam. — Hab. Jamaica!, March, a weed; Antigua!, Wullschl. ;
S. Vincent !, Guild. ; Triuidad !, Sch., Gr., common ; [S. Thomas to Brazil ! , trop. Africa !
and Asia!].

12*. PRUNELLA, L.

Calyx 2-lipped, closed in fruit, reticulated-veiny : upper lip flat. Corolla 2-lipped,
annulate within. Stamens didynamous, parallel, 2 iuferior longer : filaments appendiculate
behind the anthers : anther-cells diverging. Stigma-lobes 2, pointed. Nutlets smooth. —
Low, perennial herbs ; whorls shortly spicate.

30*. P. vulgaris, L. Leaves ovate, petioled ; calyx exceeding half the blue corolla :
upper teeth distant ; filaments bearing a subulate, straight tooth. — Hab. Naturalized in
Jamaica !, March; [introduced from the Old World].

13. SCUTELLARIA, L.

Calyx 2-lipped, closed in fruit, but splitting to the base : lips entire, the superior furnished
with a dorsal, helmet-like appendage. Corolla 2-lipped : tube exserted. Stamens didy-
namous, parallel, 2 inferior longer -, anthers hairy, of the longer 1-, of the shorter 2-cellcd.
Style-lobes unequal. Nutlets tubercled. — Whorls often one-sided.

31. S. purpurascens, Stv. Herbaceous, diffuse, branched chiefly at the base ; leaves
petioled, ovate, or deltoid, bluntish, few-serrate, floral minute, elliptical, entire ; whorls
distant in a short, lax, one-sided raceme, 2 -flowered (or the uppermost flowers scattered) ;
calyx shorter than the pedicel, at length excrescent ; corolla blue, pubescent : tube slender,
cylindrical, dilated at the throat, much longer than the calyx— Variable, glabrescent or
pubescent, 5"-l' high ; leaves 1", calyx scarcely 1"', in fruit 2'", corolla 6'"-8'" long.—
Hab. Antigua!, Wullschl., Dominica!, Irar., S. Lucia !, Anders., S. Vincent !, Guild.;
Trinidad !, Sieb. Tr. 169 ; [Cuba! to Guadeloupe ! ; Guatemala! to Brazil].

14. TEUCRIUM, L.

Calyx 5 -dentate or 5-fid. Corolla 1-lipped, deciduous : inferior lobe much larger. Sta-
mens didynamous, inferior longer. Nutlets obliquely affixed, mostly reticulated-rugose.

32. T. cubense, L. Herbaceous, erect , glabrous ; leaves cuueate-elliptical, pinnatifid-
serrate with blunt oblong lobes or serratures ; whorls 2 -flowered, axillary .- pedicels about
as long as the deeply h-fid calyx; corolla bluish- white, about twice as long as the calyx.
—Jactj. Amer. Piet. t. 164.— Stem simple, l'-li' high.— Hab. Bahamas !, Swains. ;
[Cuba ! ; California and Texas ! to Buenos Ayres !].

33. T. inflatum, Sw. Herbaceous, erect, villous, pubescent or glabrate ; leaves
petioled, ovate or ovate-lanceolate, coarsely serrate ; whorls approximate, in a slender,
spiciform raceme ; calyx subsessile, inflated-ventricose, oblique, uuequally 5-dentate at
the contracted summit : upper tootli broader ; corolla light-pink, twice as long as the calyx.
—Desc. FI. 3. t. 223.— Stem 2'-3' high, few-brnnehed ; raceme 3"-5" long— Hab. Ja-
maica!, A/,, Wullschl., Wils., March, in shady places; [Mexico! to Buenos Ayres!;
Galapagos ! to New Caledonia !].

CXXT. VE11BENACE/E.

Stamens didynamous or 2-5(-morc), inserted into flic sympetalous, imbricative, usually
2-lipped corolla. Ovary superior, 2-4(-l)-carpellary, 4.-S-2 (- 1 ) -celled -. ovules 1 (-2) in
each cell • style terminal. Fruit drupaceous, or, when dry, usually splitting into nutlets.

VERBENACEiE.

403

Seeds cxalbuminous : radicle mostly inferior. — Leaves usually opposite or wliorled , exstipu-
late ; flowers centripetal or in centripetal cymes.

In Verbenaceee there are less volatile oils than in Labiates , though several arc used as
aromatic astringents ( Stachytarpha , Lantana ) ; Cornutia is regarded as an antidote against
poison. This Order affords excellent timber-trees, e.g. dtharexylon and Pelitia (both
called liddle-wood), Vitex (box-wood) : Avicennia (the olive mangrove) is employed for
building purposes.

Tribe I. VEll BENE/E. — Ovules erect. — Inflorescence simply centripetal.

1. TAMONEA, Aiibl.

Calyx 5 -dentate : teeth distant. Corolla 2-lipped. Stamens included, didynamous :
connective of the superior ones bearing a large, dorsal gland. Stigma capitate. Achenium
4-celled. — Racemes spiciform, axillary , few-flowered.

1. T. verbenacea, Sw. Suffrutescent, branched, virgate, scabrous; inferior leaves
small, oblong, pinnatifid-serrate, superior often linear, entire ; flowers shortly pedicellate,
distant, alternate ; achenium 4-spinose at the summit : spines subuliform, spreading. — S/o.
El. t. 21. fig. sup. : analyt. — Ghinia, Sw. — l'-2' high ; inferior leaves 4"'-3'", superior
0'"— 12'", whitish corolla 3'" long. — Hab. Antigua 1, Nichols., Wullschl.; [Curasao].

2. PRIVA, Juss.

Calyx 5- dentate. Corolla obliquely 5 -lobed : limb short, spreading. Stamens included,
didynamous. Stigma lateral, compressed. Fruit 2-coeeous : nutlets 2-celled or 1-celled by
abortion. — Herbs ; flowers distantly alternate, in spiciform, terminal racemes.

2. P. echinata, Juss. Hispidulous, slender ; leaves ovate, pointed, serrate or crenate,
contracted into the petiole ; calyx ventricose in fruit : down uncinate ; nutlets 2-celled,
muricale, flattish at the commissure: spines distichous, spreading. — SI. t. 110. f. 1. Jacq.
Amer. Piet. t. 9. — Verbena lappulacea, L. P. mexicana, Sieb. Mart. 316 1 — l'-3' high ;
leaves 3"-l", pale-blue corolla 2 " long. — Hab. Jamaica !, Wullschl., Al., March, a weed ;
Antigua!, Wullschl., Dominica !, Inir., S. Lucia 1, Anders., S. Vincent !, Guild. ; Trinidad 1,
Lockh., Cr., very common ; [Cuba 1 and Mexico 1 to Brazil !].

3. VERBENA, L.

Calyx 5-dentate : one tooth usually shorter. Corolla obliquely 5-lobed. Stamens in-
cluded, didynamous (-2). Stigma blunt, with a second abortive lobe. Fruit 4-coccous,
included. — Herbs ; flowers sessile, usually spi/cate.

3. V. urticifolia, L. Tall, scabrous with scattered, hispidulous down ; leaves ovate
or ovate-lanceolate, contracted into the petiole, coarsely serrate ; spikes filiform, compound :
flowers distant : bracts two-thirds as long as the small calyx ; connective naked. — 3-1'
high ; corolla whitish, 2'" long. — Hab. Jamaica 1, all coll., a weed ; [Canada! to Mexico 1 ;
Haiti !].

4. BOUCI-IEA, Cham.

Calyx long-tubular, 5-dentate. Corolla obliquely 5-lobed. Stamens included, didy-
namous. Stigma oblique, subcompressed, with a second abortive lobe. Fruit 2-coccous :
nutlets linear, 1-seeded. — Herbs ; flowers in spiciform racemes.

4. B. Ehrenbergli, Cham. Annual, erect, slightly ptiberulous ; leaves ovate, coarsely
serrate .above the base, petioled; racemes slender : flowers at length distant, shortly pedicel-
late : bracts about hall as long as the calyx ; calyx-teeth subulate-setaceous ; nutlets shortly
exserted.—Jacq. Ic. Rar. 1. 208. — Verbena prismatica, L. (Stachytarpha, V.). — l'-2'high;
pedicels £ ", calyx 3'", at length 4"', corolla-tube 5'", nutlets 5'" long; flowers light-purple
or violet. Hab. Jamaica!, all coll., a common weed; Antigua!, Wullschl.; [Haiti 1;
Mexico! to Venezuela! and New Granada!].

2 k 2

494

VERBENACE2E.

5. STACHYTARPHA, V.

Calyx 4-5-2-dentate. Corolla 5-lobed : tube often incurved. Stamens included, fertile
2 : anther-cells diverging. Stigma capitate. Fruit 2-coccous : nutlets linear, 1-secded. —
Herbs or shrubs ; flowers spicate, in the West Indian species sunk in furrovis of the
rhachis.

5. S. cayennensis, V. Shrubby ; leaves ovate, blunt or bluntish, serrate, contracted
into the petiole ; spikes slender : furrows as broad as the rhachis : bracts linear-acuminate,
setaceous above; calyx 4- dentate . — Calyx 2'" long; corolla-limb 2"' diam., rhachis at
length 1'" diam. — II ab. Jamaica I, Macf., March ; Antigua 1, Wullsc/tl., Dominica !, Imr. ;
Trinidad !, Sch. ; [Mexico! to Brazil!].

6. S. jamaicensis, V. Annual , suffrutescent, glabrescent; leaves oval, coarsely ser-
rate, tapering into the petiole; spikes elongated, cylindrical : furrows narrower than the
thickened rhachis: bracts lanceolate-subulate ; calyx 2-dentate. — SI. t. 107. f. i. Besc.
FI. 6. i. 692.— Verbena, I. S. indica, V. — 2'-4' high ; spikes often 1' long, rhachis 2"'
diam. below; calyx 2"'-3"'long; corolla blue : limb 4'" diam.— Hab. Bahamas !, Swains. ;
Jamaica!, Bist., March; S. Kitts!, Els., Antigua!, Wullschl., S. Vincent \, Guild.; Tri-
nidad !, Lockh., Sch. ; [Cuba ! to Brazil ! ; naturalized in trop. Africa! and Asia !].

7. S. strigosa, V. Annual, suffruticose, pilose ; leaves oval, serrate, contracted into
the petiole; spikes elongated, cylindrical: furrows narrower than the thickened rhachis :
bracts lanceolate-subulate; calyx 4- dentate . — V-21 high; spikes of the preceding, often
incurved above, but corolla smaller, diameter of the limb 3,,,-2,". Hab. Antigua!,
Wullschl.; Trinidad 1, Cr. ; [S. Thomas; Mexico!].

8. S. mutabilis, V. Suffruticose, scabrous-pubescent; leaves ovate, serrate, con-
tracted into the petiole, scabrous above, pubescent beneath ; spikes elongated, erect : fur-
rows at length narrower than the thickened rhachis : bracts lanceolate-subulate, spieading
above the middle; calvx 4-dentate, hispid ; corolla large, red. Jacq. Ic. Rat . t. 20 1 ■—
Verbena, Jacq.— Stout ; 'calyx 5"'-6'" long; corolla crimson, at length rosy : limb 6 -8
diam.— Hab. Jamaica!, Pd., in the mountains of S. Audrews, probably introduced ; Tri-
nidad !, Cr. ; [Cuba and Mexico ! to Guiana !].

6. LIPPIA, L.

Calyx 2-4-dentate. Corolla 2-lipped : limb spreading. Stamens included, didynamous :
anther-cells parallel. Stigma obliquely capitate. Fruit 2-coccous, or the. two one-seeded
nutlets cohering. — Herbs or shrubs ; flowers capitate or spicate. .

In Zapania, the section of the genus comprising our species, the primary leaf- veins run
alternately with the serratures (as in Rhinanthus ) : the network in Lanlana is similar.

* Annual, diffuse herbs ; peduncles short.

9 X. betulifolia, Kth. Annual, diffuse-procumbent, eglaudular ; down scattered,
oppressed, affixed at the middle ; leaves rhomboid-ovate, coarsely serrate ; peduncles axillary,
fascicled or single, about as long as the conical-oblong, blunt head, usually exceeded by the
petiole; bracts wedge-shaped, abruptly cuspidate: awn little exceeding the small, rosy
corolla; calyx minute, 2-dentate, about half as long as the corolla.— Mart. FI. Bt as. 10.

t. 38./. 1. Leaves lV'-l", heads 4"', coroila / long. — Hab. Trinidad., Pd., Ci., a weed,

in canefields ; [Guiana!, New Granada !, Brazil!].

** Radicant, herbaceous, or suffruticose plants ; peduncles long.

10 I- nodiflora, Rich. Annual, radicant, herbnceous (or suffrutescent); down of the

stem 'oppressed, affixed at the middle; leaves spathulate, serrate above, glabrescent: veins
obsolete; heads ovoid, at length oblong: peduncles axil ary, single usually exceeding the
leaf' bracts ovate-roundish, cuneatc at the base, mucromitc (or rounded), little exceeded b)
the white corolla; calyx bifid on the upper, bipartite on the lower side, little shorter than
,, ii , | siljl/i pi Grao. t. 553: the European form with rounded bracts.

-ally 1", flowering heads 3"'-4'", corolla .-"long

VEltBENACEiE.

495

— Hab. Bahamas!, Swains.; Jamaica!, all ‘coll., a sea-side plant; Antigua !, Nichols. ;
['Bermudas ! and southern United States to Buenos Ayres ! ; Spain ! and Transcaucasia to
the Cape !].

11. Xi. reptans, Kth. Suffrutescent, radicant below; down appressed, affixed at the
middle; leaves spathulate, serrate above, penninerved; heads ovoid-globose, at length
oblong : peduncles axillary, single, as long as or exceeding the leaves : bracts ovate-
roundish, cuueate at the base, poiutleted, about as long as the whitish corolla ; calyx bicari-
nate-compressed, bidentate, ciliate along the keels, little shorter than the corolla-tube. —
Leaves 1A"-1", flowering heads 3"'-4"', corolla 2'" long. — Hab. Jamaica!, March; An-
tigua !, Wullschl. ; [Haiti to Guadeloupe ! ; Mexico ! to Brazil].

*** Erect or diffuse shrubs, aromatic by glands.

12. X<. micromera, Scliau.l Shrubby; branches slender, glandular-hispidulous ;

leaves small, spathulate oblong or elliptical-oblong, subentire or minutely few-serrate near
the top, strigose above, hispidulous beneath ; heads subglobose : peduncles axillary, as long
as the short petiole : bracts oval, little exceeded by the “ white and variegated ” corolla ;
calyx bifid, shorter than the corolla-tube. — Gardoquia origanoides, Reichenb. in Sieb.
Trin. 86 ! — Leaves flowering heads 3W-4W, corolla l-g'" long. — Hab. S. Vincent !,

Guild.; Trinidad!, Sieb. ; [Cuba, Haiti! to Guiana!].

13. li. geminata , Kth. Shrubby; branches virgate, hispidulous-pubescent ; leaves
ovate or ovate-oblong, serrulate, rugose, scabrous-hispidulous, usually hoary-tomentose
beneath : serratures usually bluntish ; heads subglobose, at length shortly oblong : pe-
duncles 1 (—2) in the axils, as long as the petiole or shorter than the leaf : bracts ovate,
poiutleted or pointed, little exceeded by the violet corolla ; calyx small, bifid, one-third as
long as the corolla-tube. — Flowering heads 6"' diam. ; corolla-tube 2'" long.

a. Leaves pointed, 2i,,-l,/ long ; peduncles 2W— 5W long, equalling the petiole; bracts
pointleted.

/3. Lockhartii. Leaves pointed, 2,f-3” long ; peduncles 6,,,-12,,, long, usually much
exceeding the petiole ; bracts pointed. — Lantana Lockhartii, Bon ! — The nutlets in maturity
separate just as in a : I find no difference iu a Brazilian specimen, nor in the figure of
L. Chamissonis, Schau. (FI. Bras. 10. t. 37. iii.), the flowers of which, however, are said to
be white.

y. microphylla. Leaves blunt, 12"'-6'" long; peduncles 2"'-10"' long, usually exceeding
the petiole ; bracts broad, mucronate. — ’Lantana lippioides. II. A. !

Hab. Bahamas !, Hjalmars., Turk islands (y) ; Trinidad !, Lockh., Cr. (a, y) ; [a,
Guadeloupe !, Texas ! to Buenos Ayres ! ; y, Cuba ! to Guadeloupe !, Mexico ! to Peru !].

14. Ij. stcechadifolia, Kth. Shrubby, strigose ; branches virgate ; leaves lanceolate-
linear, serrate, plaited along the primary veins, hoary-pubescent beneath ; serratures mucro-
nate ; heads subglobose, at length oblong : peduncles long, axillary, exceeding or equalling the
leaf : bracts loundish-mucronate, exceeded by the “ blue or rosy ” corolla ; calyx compressed,
bidentate , half as long as the corolla-tube— Br. Jam. t. 3./. 3.— Verbena, L. Zapania’
Pers.— 5'~6' high ; leaves 2i"-l", flowering heads 4'", corolla 2'" long.— Hab. Jamaica ■’
all coll., along roads ; [Cuba ! to Guadeloupe ! ; Mexico ! to Guiana],

7. LANTANA, L.

Character of Lippia, but calyx minutely 4-2-deutatc, small, at length excrescent and
ruit drupaceous : drupe with a 2-eelled endocarp.— Aromatic shrubs (rarely herbaceous) •
leaves penninerved, rugose, rough ; heads peduncled, axillary.

Sect. 1. Camara, Cham.— Cells of the putamen remote, with an intermediate cavity.—

Shrubs, usually prickly.

.lo' L Ca“»ara> L- Leaves ovate or ovate-oblong, pointed, serrate, hispid above,
pubescent or glabresccnt beneath, about us long as the peduncles ; heads flatfish, exiuvo-
lucratc : bracts lanceolate, half as long as the corolla-tube; corolla yellow, changing into

Zt on In , DZ\ IL 4' *■ 304‘; 5‘ L 870.-L. aculeate, £.- 0'-10' high ;

leaves 2 4 , corolla-tube 3 long ; drupes shining- black, 3"'-2'" diam. — IIab. Bahamas!,

49G

VERBENACEiE.

Swains.; Jamaica!,-^/., Wullschl., common; Antigua!, Wullschl., Dominica!, Imr., S.
Vincent !, Guild.; Trinidad!, Sc A., Loclch. ; [Cuba! and Mexico! to Buenos Ayres!].

16. L. crocea, Jac.q. Leaves ovate, pointed, serrate, liispid above, pubescent or gla-
brescent beneath, usually shorter than the long peduncles ; heads jlallish, exinvolucrate :
bracts linear- acuminate, mostly one-tliird as long as the corolla-lube ; corolla yellow,
changing into orange. — Jacq. Schcenbr. t. 473. — Leaves corolla-tube 4'" long;

drupes 2"' diam. — Hab. Bahamas; Jamaica!, March; S. Vincent!, Guild.; [Haiti! to
Guiana !] .

Sect. 2. Caelioeeas, Cham. — Cells of the pulamen contiguous. — Unarmed shrubs.

* Heads subglobose or flattish.

17. £j. involucrata, L. Leaves small, oval or ovate, blunt, creuate, pubescent, as

long as or shorter than the peduncles ; heads subglobose : involucral bracts broadly ovate,
as long as the flowers , interior ovate-roundish, half as long as the corolla-tube ; corolla
“lilac: throat yellow.”— Leaves 12"'-6"'(-3"'), corolla-tube long; drupes 1"'

diam. — Hab. Bahamas !, Swains. ; Jamaica !, Al., March, in savannahs ; [Cuba ! to Gua-
deloupe ! ; Panama!].

18. L. odorata, L. Leaves ovate or oval, bluntish or blunt, crenate, pubescent, about
as long as the peduncles ; heads subglobose : involucral bracts ovate-lanceolate, as long as
the exterior flowers, interior ovate, half as long as the corolla-tube ; corolla “ pale lilac.”
— Plum. Ed. Burm. t. 71. /. 2. Jacq. Sclioenbr. t. 360.— L. recta, Ait. L. peduncularis,
Anders.!: a form with longer peduncles.— Leaves 2"-6"', corolla-tube 2"' long ; drupes
1"' diam. — Hab. Jamaica!, all coll.; Antigua!, Wullschl., Dominica!, Imr., S. Vincent!,
Guild. ; Trinidad !, Sieb. Tr. 117 ; [Bermudas ! ; Cuba ! to Guadeloupe ! ; Honduras ! ;
Galapagos !].

19. It. reticulata, Pers. Leaves ovate, bluntish, crenate, pubescent, usually shorter
than the peduncles; heads flattish, at length hemispherical: involucral bracts broadly
ovate-deltoid, exceeded by the flowers, interior ovate, little shorter than the corolla-tube ;
corolla white. — SI. t. 194. /. 2— L. involucrata, Sio. — Leaves f-2", slender corolla-tube
3'"-2"' long; drupes rugose, If" diam. — Hab. Jamaica!, Pd., March, Pedro plains;
[Cuba !, Haiti ! ; Venezuela !].

** Heads at length longer than broad.

20. It. stricta, Sw. Leaves ovate-lanceolate, ovate-acuminate or lanceolate-acuminate,
rounded above the cuneate base, crenate, hispid ulous or glabresceut above, hoary-pubescent
beneath, as long as or shorter than the peduncle ; heads hemispherical, at length ovoid-
oblong, exinvolucrate : brads ovate-lanceolate (or ovate), shorter than the corolla-tube,
exterior usually larger ; corolla rosy-lilac, much longer than the minute calyx. — SI. t. 195.
f. 4.— Drupes If" diam.

a. Leaves lanceolate-acuminate ; corolla-tube 2 -3 long.

13. lilacina, Desf. Leaves ovate-acuminate ; corolla-tube 3"'-4"' long. — Mart. FI. Bras.

10. t. 44./. 1. ,

Hab. Jamaica !, all coll, (a, fl) ; [Mexico ! to Brazil !].

21. Zj. Radula, Sw. I.eaves ovale or ovate-roundish, blunt, rounded above the
cuneate base, crenate, bullatc-hispid above, pilose beneath, as long as or shorter than the
peduncles ; heads subglobose, at length shortly oblong, exinvolucrate : bracts ovale or
ovate-roundish, mucronale or cuspidate, shorter than the corolla-tube; corolla losy (oi
white).— Leaves l"-2", corolla-tube 2"' long.— Hab. Dominica, S. Vincent!, Anders.;
Trinidad!, Sieb. Tr. 168; [Brazil!].

22. L. trifolia, L. Leaves elliptical or elliptical-oblong, pointed, cuneate-tapering al
the base, serrate, hispidulous or hoary-pubescent beneath, often whorled, as long as or
usually exceeding the peduncles; heads ovoid-globose, at length oblong, exinvolucrate:
bracts subulate, shorter thnu or equalling the corolla-tube; corolla rosy-lilac (or white) :
throat yellow. -St. t. 193./. 3.-L. annua, A.— Leaves 5"-2", coral a-tubc 3 long ;
drupes H'" diam.— Hab. Jamaica!, all coll., iu the mountains; 8. Vincent !, Guild.;
Trinidad !, Sch., Cr. ; [Cuba! mid Veraguas ! to Brazil I].

VERBENACEiE.

4<J7

8. CITHAREXYLUM, L.

Calyx t run cate-5 (-7) -dentate. Corolla salver-shaped, subequal. Stamens included, 5,
or one of them abortive. Stigma blunt. Drupe 2-pyrenous : pyrense 2-cellcd or 1-celled
by abortion. — Shrubs or trees ; (lowers odorous, white or yellow, in spiciform racemes or
spikes ; corolla often villous within.

* Flowers subsessile.

23. C. subserratum, Siv. ! Branches 4-gonal, at length striate-cylindrical ; leaves
rigid, obovate-oblong, blunt, glabrous, repand-entire : network of veins prominulous on
both sides; spiciform racemes short, lax, nodding; calyx subsessile, unequally 5- dentate ,
longer than half the corolla-tube ; fertile stamens 4 ; “ drupe red, obovate-roundisb.”- — A
shrub, 12' high ; leaves 3"-2", racemes 2"-3", calyx 1|'", corolla-tube 2'" long. — Hab.
Jamaica !, March ; [Haiti !, in savannahs],

24. C. quadrangulare, Jacq. {non Schau). Branches permanently 4i-gonal ; leaves
chartaceous, at length rigid, elliptical-oblong or elliptical, usually bluntish, glabrous or
glabrate beneath : network of veins at length prominulous on both sides ; spiciform
racemes elongated, lax, nodding; calyx subsessile or shortly pedicellate, subtruncate, half
as long as the corolla-tube: pedicels shorter than the bract; fertile stamens 4 ; drupe
“black.” — SI. t. 200 . f. 3, 4. — C. caudatum, Sw. {non L .). C. coriaceum, Desf. — A tree,
20-60' high ; leaves 7"-2", racemes usually 6"-12", calyx V" long ; flowers white. — Hab.
Jamaica !, March, Wits., in savannahs along the coast ; Antigua!, Wullschl., Dominica!,
Imr., S. Lncia!, Anders., S. Vincent !, Guild. ; [Guadeloupe ! ; Guiana !].

25. C. cinereum, L. Branches 4-gonal, at length striate-cylindrical ; leaves char-
taceous, at length rigid, elliptical- oblong, lanceolate-oblong, or elliptical, usually blunt,
glabrous or glabrate beneath : network of veins at length prominulous on both sides ;
spiciform racemes elongated, lax, nodding ; calyx subsessile, unequally lobed at the summit,
half as long as the corolla-tube ; fertile stamens 4(-5) ; drupe snbglobose, red, at length
black. — Jacq. Amer. Piet. t. 178. — A tree, 15-20' high ; leaves 6"-2", racemes usually
6"-10", calyx li'"long; flowers white.— Hab. Jamaica!, Wits., Dist., March, in savan-
nahs ; Trinidad !, Cr. ; [Cuba ! to Martinique] .

** Pedicels longer than or as long as the bracts.

26. C. lucidum, Cham., Schlecht.l Branches 4-gonal, at length cylindrical ; leaves
membranaceous, at length chartaceous, elliptical-oblong, lanceolate-oblong, or elliptical,
usually bluntish, glabrous, shining -polished above ; racemes slender, lax, slightly nodding :
pedicels often as long as the calyx ; calyx subtruncate, two-thirds as long as the corolla-
tube ; stamens 4(-5) ; drupe subglobose, black. — C. quadi'angulare, Schau. ! ex Sieb. Mart.
156. C. lajvigatnm, Uostm. PI. Exsicc. ! C. caudatum , Seem. Panam.t — A tree ; leaves
5"-2", racemes 2"-5", calyx 1-J-"' — 1"', corolla-tube 2'"— TJ'" long ; flowers white ; drupe 3'"
diam.— IIab. Jamaica!, Wullschl., rare; [Cuba! to Martinique!; Mexico 1, Panama!,
Guiana!].

27. C. surrectum, Gr. (n. sp.). Branches 4-gonal, early striate-cylindrical ; leaves

clicirtaceous, at length leathery, oblong-lanceolate or elliptical-oblong, bluntish, glabrous,
shining -polished above, archveined beneath ; racemes single, slender, nodding, in fruit
erect: pedicels shorter than the calyx, longer than the bract; calyx subtruncate, as long as
the corolla-tube; stamens 4; drupe subglobose, black.— Allied to C. pentandrum. Vent.,
which has permanently 4-gonal branches, and is hairy. Leaves 6"-2", racemes 6"-2",
“Jy* ^ > corolla-tube as long as the puberulous limb, densely hispid within ; drupe

4 diam. Hab. Jamaica !, M‘Nab, March, Port Royal ; Antigua!, Wullschl.

28. C. caudatum, A. Branches obsoletely 4-gonal, early striate-cylindrical; leaves
chartaceous, at length leathery, elliptical-oblong or oblong, bluntish , glabrous, polished
above, archveined beneath; racemes often compound at the base, rigid, erect: pedicels
approximate, shorter than the calyx, spreading; calyx campanulate, subtruncate, one-ludf
to two-thirds as long as the corolla-tube ; stamens 4 ; drupe ovoid-oblong, black. — Br. Jam.
i- 28. y. 2. A shrub, 10'— 12' high {P. Br.) ; leaves 5"— 3", racemes 8"-4", calyx 1 i'".

498

VERBENACEZE.

drupe 4"' long; corolla-limb puberulous. — Hab. Jamaica!, all coll., in high mountains, S.
Thomas i. V.

29. C. Berterii, Sprang. Branches ohsoletely 4-gonal, early striate-cylindrical ;
leaves chartaceous, lauceolate or oblong-lanceolate, acuminate , glabrous, polished above,
archveiued beneath ; racemes compound at the base, slender, erect, lateral ascending :
pedicels numerous, as long as the calyx ; calyx obconical, minutely dcuticulate-repand, one-
half to two-thirds as long as the corolla-tube ; stamens 4 ; drupe obovoid-ylobose, black. —
Leaves 5"-3" long, 12"'-6'" broad ; racemes 5"-8", calyx ■§"'-1'", drupe 3"' long ; flowers
scarcely half as long as in the preceding : corolla-limb ciliate, glabrous on the hack ; anthers
ovoid-roundish. — Hab. Jamaica !, Mac/. : [Cuba !].

9. DURANTA, L.

Calyx 5-dentate, at length enlarged, enclosing the drupe. Corolla salver-shaped : limb
slightly unequal. Stamens didynamous, included. Stigma blunt. Drupe 4-pyrenous with
2-celled pyrente, or endocarp at length 8-celled. — Shrubs ; flowers blue, in compound (or
simple) racemes ; corolla-tube exserted, pubescent at the throat.

30. D. Plumieri, Jacq. Leaves chartaceous, elliptical-lanceolate, elliptical, or obovate-
roundish ; calyx tubular : teeth mucronate or subulate : limb produced into a beak above
the included, globose drupe; corolla-tube shortly exserted. — Br. Jam. t. 29./. 1. Jacq.
Amer. Piet. t. 179. Desc. FI. 7- t. 488. — D. Ellisia, Jacq. Ellisia acuta, L.- — A shrub,
6'-l 5' high, unarmed or spiny ; leaves serrate or entire, whorled or opposite, glabrous or
pubescent; corolla-tube d'” — 3,,; long. — Hab. Bahamas!, Swains.; Jamaica!, all coll., in
savannahs and sunny places ; Antigua !, Wullschl., Dominica !, Imr., S. Vincent !, Guild. ;
Trinidad !, Sch., Cr. ; [Cuba ! and Mexico ! to Brazil].

10. PETREA, L.

Calyx coloured -. limb double, exterior large, 5-partite, excrescent in fruit, at length
scarious, reticulated- veiny, interior minute, 5-dentate. Corolla infundibular. Stamens 4,
included. Stigma hluut. Aclienium 2(-l)-celled, 1-seeded by abortion of the ovule of the
second cell. — Woody, scabrous plants, usually climbing; flowers blue, in lax racemes:
pedicels clavate at the summit.

31. P. volubilis, Jacq. Climbing ; leayes rigid, elliptical or elliptical-oblong, rounded
at the base, shining above : petiole very short ; raceme terminal, elongated : pedicels con-
tinuous with the calyx ; calyx-tube smooth, scabrous, one:fourtli to one-half as long as the
pedicel, in fruit one-third to one-fourth as long as the spathulate-oblong or obloug-linear
exterior lobes ; corolla iucluded. — Jacq. Amer. Piet. t. 173. — Leaves 2"-h", calyx-tube
3"'-2"', exterior lobes at length 10"'-6"' long. — Hab. S. Kitts !, Antigua !, Wullschl., Do-
minica !, Finl., S. Lucia !, Anders., S. Vincent I, Guild., in woods ; Trinidad !, Sieb.; [Cuba
to Martinique !, Sieb. Mart. 157 ; Veraguas ! to Brazil].

32. P. arborea, Kth. Arborescent; leaves rigid, elliptical-oblong or lanceolate-
oblong, minutely rounded at the base, shining above : petiole very short ; racemes axillary,
noddiug : pedicels continuous with the calyx ; calyx-tube smooth, densely hispidulous, as
long as or two-thirds as long as the pedicel, in fruit one-fourth ns long as the spalludate
exterior lobes; corolla included. — Schauer’s description disagrees by longer pedicels, but
E. Otto’s specimen (quoted by him) is identical with our plant. A tree or shrub; leaves
3"-5"(-7''), calyx-tube 2"', exterior lobes at length 9"'-7'" long.— IIab. Trinidad !, Lockh.,
Cr. ; [Mexico !, Guatemala!, Venezuela!, Peru].

Tribe II. VITICEJE. — Ovules suspended. — Flowers cymosc.

11. CALLICAltPA, L.

Calyx 4(-5)-dentate, rarely 4-fid. Corolla shortly infundibular, equal. Stamens 4(-5),
exserted. Stigma thiekish, cmarginatc, with the lobes subtruncate. Drupe 4-pyrcnous :

VE11BENACE2E.

499

pyrense 1-sceded. — Leaves simple: down stellate; glands minute, sessile, shining ; cymes
dichotomous, axillary : flowers small, often polygamous.

33. C. ferruginea, Sic. Shrubby; branches tomentose; leaves lanceolate-oblong,
acuminate, tapering into the petiole, serrate, densely glandular beneath, usually almost
glabrate : scurfy down persistent on the midrib (or on all veins) ; cymes many-flowered, as
long as or exceeding the petiole ; calyx glabrescent, glandular, 4-mueronate-truucate, half
as long as the bluish -white corolla ; drupe subglobose, red.— 4'-6' high ; leaves G"-3",
calyx 1'" long ; drupes 2"' diam. — -Hab. Jamaica!, Macf, Pd., Hartw., M‘Nab, in moun-
tain-woods, Port Royal ; [Cuba !] .

34. C. reticulata, Sw. Shrubby ; branches white-tomentose ; leaves elliptical or
oblong, bluntish, rounded at the base, subentire, powdery or glabrate and rugose above,
white-tomentose beneath with the network of veins prominent ; cymes many-flowered, half
as long or as long as the leaves ; calyx white-tomentose, with bluntish teeth, half as long
as the powdery corolla, enlarged and splitting around the globose, powdery drupe. — Leaves
20"'-12'", calyx 1'" long ; drupes l|m diam. — Hab. Jamaica, Wright; [Cuba!].

12. .EGIPHILA, Jacq.

Flowers mostly diceciously polygamous. Calyx shortly dentate or lobed or truncate.
Corolla salver-shaped or infundibular, subequal: tube slender, usually exserted : lobes 4(-5).
Stamens 4 (-5), equal, in $ exserted. Stigma bifid : lobes hair-shaped or linear, pointed,
in ? exserted. Drupe at length 4-pyrenous, or 3-1-pyrenous by abortion : pyrense 1-
seeded. — Woody plants; leaves simple, subentire, glandular beneath: petiole jointed near
the base ; cymes trichotomous or contracted , axillary or paniculate-terminal.

* Cymes few-flowered, all axillary.

35. A. trifida, Sw. Branches cylindrical, glabrate ; leaves leathery, elliptical-lan-
ceolate, pointleted, shining-glabrous, tapering into the short petiole ; cymes axillary, con-
tracted, usually ^-flowered: peduncle as long as or twice as long as the petiole ; calyx
leathery, clavate-cylindrical , much longer than the pedicel, 4-dentate, at length splitting;
corolla whitish : lobes lanceolate ; drupe ovoid-oblong, included by the cupulate, thickened
calyx,— A shrub ; leaves 2i"-4", calyx 2"', in fruit 4"', corolla-tube 4"', lobes 2'" long. —
Hab. Jamaica !, Macf, Pd., hi the mountains of Port Royal.

36. A. foetida, Sw. Branches cylindrical, densely pilose and glandular ; leaves char-
taceous, oblong, bluntish, glabrescent, pilose on the midrib beneath, rounded at the shortly
petioled base ; cymes reduced into a subsessile, 3- flowered glomerule, axiUary or opposite
along subaphyllons branchlets ; calyx hispid, membranaceous, obconical-campanulate, trun-
cate-4-mucronate, much shorter than and lax around the corolla-tube ; corolla yellowish :
lobes lanceolate ; drupe ovoid-oblong, twice as long as the cupulate, thickened calyx. — A
slender or low shrub with narcotic smell : all our specimens are ? ; leaves 2"-4", calyx 1J'",
filiform corolla-tube 6"'-8"', lobes 3"', red drupe 4"' long.— Hab. Jamaica !, Al., Pd., List’.,
March, in stony mountains, S. Anns.

** Cymes many-flowered, axillary, or all opposite in the panicle.

37. A. arborescens, V. Branches \-gonal, sericeous; leaves chartaeeous, obovate-
oblong, pointed, glabrescent above, appressed-puberulous beneath, long-tapering into the
petiole; cymes many-flowered, contracted-corymbose, axillary, shortly peduneled or sub-
sessile, or uppermost opposite in a pyramidal panicle ; calyx sericeous, clavaie-infundibular,
4-dentate, upper part lax around the corolla-tube ; corolla whitish : lobes lanceolate ; drupe
“obovate, included by the calyx.”— Jacq. Amer. Piet. t. 259./. 6: the $ flower. Aubl.
n\»4',‘7,Manal)?a’ Avbl- CaIlicarPa integrifolia, Jacq.— A. low tree, about 12' high; leaves
12 -4 long, distantly arch veined beneath ; calyx 3"'-4'", corolla-tube 4"'-G"', lobes 2"'-l|'"
long ; drupe “ size of a pea, green, yellow at the base.”— IIab. Trinidad 1, Lockh., Cr., uni-
versal on abandoued laud ; [Venezuela, Guiana!, equat. Brazil !, Peru !].

*** Cymes many-flowered, trichotomous, ultimate terminal.

38. A. loevis, W. Branches subcyliudricul, glabrate; leaves chartaeeous , elliptical-

500

VEBBENACEyE.

oblong or elliptical, pointed at both ends, glabrescent ; cymes trichotomous, corymbiform,
most terminal on short branchlets ; calyx membranaceous, glabrous, infundibular above a
hemispherical base , repand-entire, lax around the twice as long corolla-tube ; corolla “ yel-
low,” infundibular : lobes ovate-lanceolate ; drupe “ oblong.” — Aubl. t. 25. Manabea, Aubl.
— A shrub, confounded with the two following species, distinguished by smaller leaves and
the calyx. Leaves l/'-2"(-4"), calyx in flower 1'", corolla-tube 2"', lobes \\w long. — Hab.
Trinidad!, Lockh., Cr., on hilly, abandoned land; [Venezuela!, Guiana!].

39. A. martinicensis, L. Branches 4-gonal or subeylindrical, glabrate; leaves

chartaceous , large, lanceolate-oblong or ovate-lanceolate, acuminate or pointleted, acute at
the base, glabrous ; cymes trichotomous, corymbiform, terminal or in a terminal panicle ;
calyx membranaceous, glabrous, turbinate-infundibular, acute at the brae, truncate, lax
around the twice as long corolla-tube ; corolla “ white,” infundibular : lobes ovate, blunt ;
drupe ovoid-globose, thrice as long as the spreading calyx. — Lam. III. t. 70. f. 1. — A.
glabra, Lam. A. Manabea, Sin. ( e.xclus . syn. Aubl.). — A shrub ; leaves 8"-4,,> calyx V",
corolla-tube 2"'-2i'", lobes 1"', red drupe long.— Hab. Jamaica {Sw.) ; Antigua !,

Wullschl., Dominica!, Imr., S, Vincent !, Guild. ; Trinidad!, Sieb.Tr. 85; [Cuba and
Panama ! to Guiana !].

40. A. ela'ca, Siv. Branches subeylindrical, glabrate; leaves leathery, ovate-oblong,

with a bluutish point, bluntish or rounded at the base, glabrous : petiole thicldsh at the
persistent base; cvrnes trichotomous, corymbiform, most terminal or paniculate; calyx
herbaceous, turbinate-infundibular, acute at the base or subconstricted above it, shortly
^-lobed, lax around the twice as long corolla-tube ; corolla “ yellowish :” lobes oblong,
blunt, spreading; drupe snbglobose, twice as long as the cupulate calyx. — Br. Jam. t. 3.
f 3. — An erect or scandent shrub, 20,-6, high ; leaves &'-3"'(-S"), calyx corolla-

tube 3"'-4'", lobes 2"' long ; drupe yellow, 4"' diam. — Hab. Jamaica !, all coll., common ;
Trinidad !, Cr. ; [Cuba ! to” Guiana ! and equat. Brazil] .

13. CLERODENDRON, L.

(Volkameria, Ovieda, Siphonauthus, L .)

Calyx 5-fid or 5-dentate, rarely truncate. Corolla salver-shaped or infundibular : tube
slender: lobes 5, slightly unequal.” Stamens 4, exserted, unequal. Stigma shortly bifid !:
lobes pointed. Drupe of JEgiphila, or pyrense cohering in pairs— Leaves simple : petiole
jointed near the base ; cymes trichotomous or contracted.

41 C aculeatum, Gr. Branches rusty-puberulous, armed with short, subconical,
spreading spines, left by the fallen -off petioles ; leaves chartaceous, glabrescent, elliptical or
elliptical-lanceolate, entire, tapering into the petiole; cymes axillary, peduncled, I 6-
flowered: pedicels spreading; calyx shortly 5 -fid, much shorter than the corolla: obes
ovate deltoid ; corolla-lobes oblong, about one-third as long as the tube ; drupe globose,
2-pyrenous : pyrense 2-celled.— SI. t. 166. /. 2, 3. Br. Jam. t. 30. /. 2. Jacq.Amer.
Piet. t. 177.— Volkameria, L. — A shrub, 5'-12' high ; spines l'"-2'", leaves 2 -1 , calyx
li,,r corolla-tube 8ni-10m long ; flowers white, long-exserted stamens purple. — Hab. Ja-
maica !, Mac}., Pd., March, common in gravelly soil ; S. Kitts !, Antigua !, Nichols ,
Wullschl., Dominica !, Pint., Imr., S. Vincent !, Guild. ; [Cuba ! to Guiana !, equat. Brazil].

42#. C. fragrans, W. Pubescent, unarmed ; leaves ovate-deltoid, unequally dentate,
long-petioled ; cyme terminal, subsessile, contracted ; calyx 5-fid, little exceeded by the
corolla-tube: lobes lanceolate-acuminate; corolla-lobcs obovate-roundish. Vent. Malm.
4 qo. — Volkameria japonica, Jacq. — A shrub; flowers rosy, usually double m the natura-
lized plant. — Hab. Naturalized in Antigua !, Wullschl. ; [and lrom Cuba ! to Brazil, intro-
duced from China].

43* C Siphonantlms, It. Br. Suffruticosc, erect, glabrous ; leaves whorled, oblong-
linear or lanceolate, acuminate, entire, subsessile; cymes in a large, lax, terminal panicle :
ncdicels spreading; calyx deeply 5-fid, much shorter than the filiform, curved corolla- tube :
lobes ovate pointed; corolla-lobes obovate and oblong, about one-eighth as long as the tube ;
topc Rlobose, shining-^. 79. /. sup.-C. longicollc, Mey. Ovieda ni.tis, L.

Siphonauthus indicus, A.-Leaves 10"-3" long; corolla white: tube 3 -4 long: drupe

VKEBENACE2E.

501

4"' diam.— Hats. Naturalized in S. Kitts!, Trinidad!, Cr., [and Guiana!, introduced from
the East Indies].

14. AMASONIA, L.fil.

Character of Clerodendron , hut short corolla-limb 2-lipped. — Stem simple, suffruticose ;
most leaves scattered; cymes subsessile, few{-\)-flowered, in a simple raceme; corolla
yellow : tube clavate.

44. A. erecta, L. Stem hispidulous ; leaves flaccid, spathulate-oblong or elliptical-
oblouw unequally serrate or repand, long-tapering towards the subsessile base : down flaccid,
disappearing ; calyx one-third as long as the corolla: lobes ovate-lanceolate, acuminate :
sinus not plaited, ,—Auhl. t. 252.— Tachigalea campestris, Aubl. A. punicea, Schau. {non

fry li'-S' high; floral leaves coloured, elliptical, often as long as the 3-flowered cymes;

calyx 4"', corolla’ 1" long.— Hab. Trinidad!, all coll., in savannahs; [Venezuela! to
Brazil !].

45. A. punicea, V. Stem rigid, hispidulous; leaves somewhat rigid, obovate-oblong
or spathulate-oblong, unequally dentate or dentate-repand, tapering at the base: down
hispidulous or disappearing ; cymes 3-1-flowered ; calyx one-fourth as long as the corolla :
lobes subulate -mucronate : tube shortly plaited at the sinus. 1V— 2* high, subaphyllous
above the middle ; floral leaves obovate or spathulate-lanceolate, about as long as the
pedicels ; calyx 3'", corolla 1" long : calyx-lobes passing abruptly into a half as long, ciliate
point.— Hab. Trinidad !, Sch., Cr., in savannahs, Piarco.

15. COKNUTIA, L.

Calyx 4-5-dentate-repand. Corolla 2-lipped: upper-lip subentire, inferior 3-lobed.
Stamens 2, fertile, shortly exserted : anthers didymous. Stigma emarginate : lobes bluntish.
Drupe with the endocarp 4-celled, or 3-1-celled by abortion, perforated in the axis. — Fra-
grant shrubs ; leaves simple ; cymes dichotomous, in a large, racemiform panicle : flowers
blue.

40. C. pyramidata, L. Puberulous ; branches virgate, sharply 4-gonal ; leaves
broadly elliptical, apiculate, cuneate at the base, hoary subtomentose beneath ; calyx cupuli-
forin, subtruncate, tomentose: teeth minute or obsolete; corolla puberulous, much longer
than the calyx : t ube clavate-cylindrical ; style included ; drupe puberulous, glabrescent. —
Plum. Ed. Burm. t. 106./. 1.— Leaves 3"-5", calyx light-blue corolla 6"' long.— Hab.
Dominica !, Imt., S. Lucia !, Anders., S. Vincent !, Guild. ; [Haiti ! to French islands !,
Sieb. Mart. 158].

47. G. punctata, IF. Branches 4-gonal, glabrescent ; leaves broadly elliptical, with a
bluntish point, cuneate at the base, glabrescent, glandular-dotted and pubescent on the
primary ribs beneath; calyx cupuliform, subtruncate, puberulous: teeth 4-2, distant,
inferior larger ; corolla puberulous : tube cylindrical, 3-4 times as long as the calyx, twice
as long as the lower lip ; style exserted ; drupe rugose, glandular-powdery. — Jacq. Schcenbr.
t. 114. Ilosta Cccrulea, Jacq. — Leaves 4"— 2 , calyx corolla (the lips included) 4'" long.

• — Hab. Jamaica !, March, Wullschl.

16. PETITIA, Jacq.

Calyx 4-dentate. Corolla shortly salver-shaped, 4-lobcd, equal. Stamens 4, equal, sub-
included or shortly exserted. Stigma in $ shortly bifid with filiform lobes, in $ thin,
emarginate Drupe with the endocarp 4-celled, or 2-celled by abortion, perforated in the
axis. — Trees or shrubs ; leaves entire, reticulated-veiny beneath, \-f olio late : the petiole
jointed above ; cymes in tnchotomous, axillary panicles : flowers small, polygamous.

48. P. domingensis, Jacq. Leaves elliptical or elliptical-oblong, pointed, powdery-
lomentose beneath with rusty down ; panicles as long as or shorter than the leaves ; corolla-
lube as long as the calyx or shortly exserted ; drupe obovoid or subglobose, small, 2-celled
by abortion. — Jacq. Amer. Piet. t. 259. /. 5 : a leaf. — Citharexylum melanocardium, Sw.
Premna reticulata, Juss. Callicarpa nmpla, Schau. sec. Macf. : but iu Schauer’s description

502

MYOPORINE.ZE.

the anthers of his plant are said to be long-exserted. — A tree (or shrub) ; leaves G"-3",
petioles 2"-l", calyx V", black -purple drupe 9J" long.

a. Leaves elliptical-oblong : petiole jointed at the top.

/3. jamaicensis. Leaves broadly elliptical: petiole jointed below the top.

Had. Jamaica !, all coll, (a, 0) ; [Haiti !, Portorico !].

17. VITEX, L.

Calyx 5-deutate or 5-fid. Corolla 2-lipped : upper lip 2-, inferior 3-lobed. Stamens
didynamous, exserted. Stigma bifid : lobes pointed. Drupe with the endocarp 4-celled or
2-celled by abortion. — Woody plants ; the West Indian species arboreous, the cultivated
V. agnus-castus shrubby ; leaves diyitaie-\-foliolale, rarely simple ; cymes axillary or
panicidate.

49. V. divaricata, Sw. Leaves cliartaceous, 3(-l)-foliolale : leaflets elliptical or
elliptical-oblong, entire, glabrous or hispidulous on the ribs and minutely reticulated beneath,
shortly peiio/ulate ; cymes axillary, dichotomous, corymbiform : peduncle long, compressed;
calyx truucate-5-denticulate ; corolla pale-blue: inferior lip bearded at the base; drupe
“ ovoid.”— V. multiflora, Miq. ! — Cymes about as long as the deciduous leaves ; calyx -I'",
corolla 4W long. — Hab. Dominica!, Imr., S. Lucia; Trinidad !, Cr. ; [Cuba to Guiana!].

50. V. umbrosa, Sw. {non Meg.). Leaves leathery, 'b(-'i)-foliolate : leaflets elliptical,

or elliptical-oblong, archveined, entire, glabrous : petiolules unequal, inferior shorter ; cymes
dichotomously few-flowered, in axillary peduncled racemes ; calyx 5-dentate; corolla pube-
rulous : tube twice or thrice as long as the calyx; drupe globose. — A large tree; leaflets
often 6" long, blunt or bluntish : the middle petiolule long ; calyx 1'", corolla 4'"

long; drupe “yellow,” diam. — Hab. Jamaica!, Macf., March, Wullsckl., in the

mountains ; [Cuba !].

51. V. capitata, V. Leaves cliartaceous, 5-foliolate : leaflets elliptical-lanceolate or
lanceolate, acuminate, entire, glabrous, shortly petiolulate ; cymes axillary, long-peduncled,
contracted into a head; calyx 5-deuticulate-repand ; corolla blue : tube about 4 times as
long as the calyx. — A timber tree ; leaflets 3"-5", calyx f1", corolla 4'" long. — Hab. Tri-
nidad !, Lockh., Pd. ; [Guiana ! equat. Brazil !].

18. AVICENNIA, L.

Calyx 5-partite. Corolla subrotate : lobes 4, one slightly unequal. Stamens 4, unequal,
shortly exserted. Ovary 2-celled : cells 2-ovulate. Stigma bifid : lobes pointed. . Ft nil
compressed, leathery, tardily 2-valved, 1-seeded by abortion. Embryo naked, germinating
in the fruit : radicle inferior, ascending between the cotyledons. Mangrove-trees ; leaves
leathery, entire, powdery-white beneath or glabrate ; flowers white, in peduncled clusters.

52. A. nitida, Jacq. Leaves lanceolate or lanceolate -elliptical, acuminate (or bluntish) ;
corolla downy on both sides; style as long as the stamens .- Jacq. Amei. Piet ’. t. 169.

A. tomentosa, Sw., Mey. Esseq.l, Sieb- Mart. 328 ( non Jacq!). Hab. Jamaica!, Disl.,
March, forming partly the mangrove-woods; Antigua!, Wullschl., S. Vincent !, Guild.;
Trinidad !, Loclch. ; [Cuba to Brazil ! ; trop. Africa !]. _ .

A. tomentosa, Jacq., distinguished by broad leaves and subsessile stigmas, is said to grow
in a few of the Caribbean islands, but does not occur in our collections : only in Mr. Ben-
tham’s herbarium I saw a specimen, collected by Anderson in S. Lucia, which from its
habit may prove to be this second species.

CXXII. MYOPORINE/E.

Character of Verbenacece, but seeds albuminous, radicle superior, aud pedicels axillary.

I. BONT1A, L.

Cah/x 5-partite. Corolla tubular, 2-lipped, pilose within : inferior lip reflexed. Stamens
didynamous, the inferior exserted. Ovary 2-celled : cells 4-ovulatc : ovules separated by an

COND’EftyE.

503

incomplete, longitudinal dissepiment and by a transverse stricture : tbe pairs one above the
other. Stigma blunt. Drupe usually 4-seeded. — A glabrous tree (or shrub) ; leaves scat-
tered, entire ■

1. B. daphnoides, L.—Jacq. Amer. Diet. t. 261. /. 57: the flower. Desc. FI. 6.
t. 386. — 30'-10' high ; leaves lanceolate, acuminate, 4 "-2" long : pedicels mostly single, as
lon‘f as the flower ; calyx-segments subulate, ciliate, 1'" long ; corolla yellow, variegated
with purple, 10"-12w long ; drupe ovate, pointed, yellowish, 5'” long. Hab. Barbuda !,
Nichols., Antigua !, Nichols., Wullschl., Barbadoes ; naturalized in Jamaica ; Trinidad !, Cr. ;
[Haiti, French islands !].

GY MN OSPERMiE.

CXXIII. CONIEEKtE.

Flowers unisexual, naked, reduced to single stamens and open carpophylls, often amenta-
ceous, and S devoid of bracts. Syncarpium a cone, rarely fleshy. Embryo axile, developed
with the albumen in a secondary sac of the ovule : cotyledons whorlcd or 2. — Woody plants :
the wood devoid of vessels ; leaves simple, entire, rigid, often acerose.

Resin and volatile oils are universal in this order. The West Indian Conferee are timber-
trees.

1. JUNIPERUS, L.

Floioers in small catkins, usually dioecious. Anthers 3-8-eelled : cells near the base of
the scale-like connective. Bracts of ? becoming fleshy, coalescent, (forming the galbulus),
inferior sterile : ovules 3-1, erect, atropons. Cotyledons 2(-3). — Leaves acerose or minute,
opposite or in threes.

1. J. barbadensis, L. Leaves channelled on the back with a linear, glandular fur-

row, on older lateral branches minute, decussately imbricate, deltoid-ovate, bluntish, on
younger shoots subulate-lanceolate, acuminate; galbuli globose, glaucous-black, usually
shorter than their supporting branchlet. — SI. t. 157./. 3.— J. bermudiana, Tun. ( non L.).
— Combined by Endlicher with J. virginiana, L., which is quite distinct by having a short
gland and no linear furrow on the back of the leaves, and by the galbuli ovate-obtusate. — A
large tree; small leaves larger ones 2'"-3'" long. — Hab. Bahamas; Jamaica (SI.),

in the Blue mountains; Antigua !, Wullschl., at Cedar hall, Barbadoes.

2. PINUS, L.

Flowers amentaceous, monoecious. Anthers 2-celled. Carpophylls separated by bracts
(i.e. by organs homologous to the stamens), forming a cone, 2-ovulate : ovules anatropous.
Cotyledons whorled.

2. P. bahamensis, Gr. ( n . sp). Leaves . . .; cones shortly peduncled, conical-cylin-
drical, bluntish, (3)" long) •. apophysis convex-depressed, transversely keeled, polished
brown, umbilicate at the middle : umbo pyramidal or compressed-conical, pointed, spreading.
— Of this timber-tree the cones ouly arc known as yet : from its vernacular uarne (Pitch-
Pine) it may belong to the section Tceda, in which there are three leaves in the bundle. —
Hab. Bahamas!: Kew Museum.

504

CYCADE/E.

3. PODOCARPUS, L’Her.

Stamens in catkins : anthers 2-celled. Female flowers solitary : ovule single, aiiatropous,
supported by a thicldsli, lobed disk. Seed drupaceous : albumen amylaceous : cotyledons 2.
— Lewes flat, mostly scattered ; flowers usually dioecious.

3. P. coriaceus, Rich. Leaves lanceolate, acute, tapering at the base ; disk unequally

2-fid, about as long as the seed, longer than the peduncle : seed obliquely ovoid-globose,
with’ a short, blunt point. — Rich. Conif. t. 1 ./. 3. Hook, in Lond. Journ. Rot. 1. t 21.
— P. Yacca, Hon.— xibout 50' high ; leaves long, 2"'-5'" broad ; seed 2 -3 long :

point recurved or straigktish. Crueger’s specimens are sterile, hut not to be distinguished
by the foliage. Hab. Jamaica !, A/., M‘Nab, Hon, in the mountain-woods of Port Royal,
in the Blue mountains, where it extends to their summit (8000' alt.) ; Montserrat (JBndl.) ;
Trinidad !, Cr., Aripa, Tocuche.

4. P. Purdieanus, Hook. Leaves oblong-linear, lanceolate at the base or lanceolate
to the bluntish or mucronate-pungent point ; $ catkins sessile, geminate, shortly cylin-
drical • disk unequally 2-dentate, as long as the seed, twice as long as the peduncle ; seed
ovoid! with a short, blunt point.— Hook. Ic. t. 624.— A large tree, about 120 high; leaves
4"-H"(-6") long, 5 " '— 3 '" (—8 '") broad ; seed 4'" long. The $ catkins are to be verified in
the Jamaica treeT I describe them from Wright’s Cuba specimens, which, though smaller-
leaved, are scarcely to be distinguished— Hab. Jamaica!, A/., March, m the northern
districts, S. Anns near Moneague, S. Mary’s, at 2500'-3500' alt.; [south-eastern Cuba !].

5 P salicifolius, Kl. Karst. Leaves obloug-linear, lanceolate at the base,
acuminate, often a little oblique ; “S catkins peduncled, solitary, cylindrical ; disk 2-lobed,
shorter than the peduncle ; seed oblong-globose with a very short point laxus lancifolia,
Wiclcstr. ex descr.- Leaves 4"-6" long, 5"'-7"' broad : but only V -2" long in the form
described by Wickstrom.— Hab. Dominica!, Imr. ; [Guadeloupe; A enezuela ., Fendl. Loll,
n. 1288].

CXXIV. CYCADE/E.

Character of Conferee, but cotyledons 2, coalescent, stem simple, and leaves pinnate.-

SeStarch^irextracted from Zamia and from the cultivated Cycas revoluta, Thunb. (Desc.
PI. 6. t. 449).

1. ZAMIA, L.

Stamens and carpophylls truncate-peltate, the latter 2-ovulate beneath.-Stem depressed;
leaves straigktish in vernation: leaflets jointed at the base.

1 K integrifolia, Ait. Leaflets leathery, linear-oblong subfalcate, cuneate at the
base rounded-blunt at the serrulate top : petiole unarmed.-/^ JC. TMr. t. 63o.-Hab.
Jamaica ( Kew Mas), in arid places along the coast ; [Cuba !, Haiti].

2 55. angustifolia, Jacq. Leaflets elongated, narrowly linear, entire, few-uerved :
petiole unarmed. — Jacq. Ic. Far. i. 636,-Leafiets 5" 1oi»S.-Hab. Bahamas {Jacq.) ;
[Cuba !].

ALTSMACE2E.

505

MONOCOTYLEDONES.

CXXV. ALISMACEJ).

Flower-organs distinct from each other, or the carpids connected below. Seeds exalbu-
minons: embryo mostly curved, with a large, usually slender radicle. — Aquatic or bog-
plants ; leaves rosular, mostly furnished loitli a blade ; pedicels umbellate or whorled.

1. ECHINODORUS, Rich.

Flowers hermaphrodite or polygamous. Sepals 3. Petals 3, imbricative. Stamens
usually definite, 6 or more. Achenia 1-seeded, pluriserial on a convex torus, longitudinally
ribbed or crested.

1. E. cordifolius, Or. Scape erect, 5-3 -angular, paniculate, with distant, herma-
phrodite whorls and umbels ; leaves emerging, cordate-roundish , 9-5-nerved, shorter than
the long petiole ; sepals many-ribbed, little shorter than the white petals ; stamens 12-15 ;
ovaries numerous, shorter than the style; carpids beaked : ribs about 12, entire. — Plum.
Ed. Burm. t. 234. f. 2. — Alisma, L. A. Berteroaum, Balb. A. Sprengelii, Ktli. : young
specimens with oval or oblong, primoidal leaves. — 2'-4' high ; leaves 5"-3", petals 2-j'" long,
carpid-heads 3'" diam. : beak at length half as long as the carpid. — Hab. Jamaica !, Bancr.,
March, in shallow ponds ; Antigua !, Wullschl. ; [Erench islands ! ; Guiana I, Brazil !].

2. E. guianensis. Or. Scape simple, submersed, terminated by few-flowered umbels
or whorls ; leaves floating , hastate-oval, with the auricles somewhat pointed, much shorter
than the submersed petiole ; petals white, yellow at the base, little exceeding the many-
ribbed sepals ; stamens 6-12 : styles shorter than the ovaries ; carpids beakless : muricate
crests about 8, the dorsal larger. — Mart. FI. Bras. S. t. 13./. 3 ; t. 15. f. 1. — Sagittaria,
Klh. S. echinocarpa, Mart. (Alisma, Seub.). S. Senbertiana, Mart. : a form with rounded
leaf-auricles. — Leaves 2" long, smaller in a low, terrestrial form ; petals 6"'-9'" long, carpid-
heads 5'" diam. — Hab. Trinidad!, Cr., in savannahs; [Mexico to Brazil 1].

2. SAGITTARIA, L.

Character of Echinodorus, but flowers unisexual, stamens usually indefinite, and achenia
flat, winged. —Emerging water-plants; primordial leaves devoid of a blade: in the sub-
sequent ones the blade is developed often by degrees flowers white, usually monoecious,
the superior $ .

3. S. acutifolia, L. Leaves sagittate, with the inferior veins recurved, (passing by
oval-oblong blades into the primordial ones) ; whorls distant : pedicels subequal ; stamens
numerous : filaments longer than the anthers ; carpids shortly mucronaie, wholly sur-
rofnded by a wing.—Desc. FI. 7. i. 497.— Distinguished from the allied S. sagittifolia, L.
of the Old VV orld by the lruit, and by longer filaments, and from S. obtusa, W. of the United
States by the nearly beakless carpids.— Hab. Jamaica!, all coll., in ditches; [Guiana!].

4. S. lancifolia, L. Leaves oval, tapering at the base, other oval-oblong or elliptical-
lanceolate : all veins ascending; whorls lew-flowered, distant: superior pedicels shorter;
stamens numerous -. anthers longer than the filaments ; carpids mucronate . wing dorsal,
spongwus. But. Mag. l 1792. Red. Lit. t. 411. Base. FI. 7. t. 498.-S. angustifoliai
Lindt. 8. ovatu Red. • the torn with the leaves quite developed.— Stouter than the pre-
ceding; flowers large, but petals variable in size.— IIab. Jamaica!, mis., Pd., M'Nab, in
ditches aud lagoons ; [Cuba to Guiana !].

506

NAJADE2E.

CXXVI. IiYDROCHARIDEZE.

Flowers corollate, unisexual or polygamous. Ovary inferior : style divided. Seeds ex-
albuminous. Embryo straight : radicle large.— Aquatic, floating, or submersed herbs ; pe-
duncles supported by spathaceous bracts.

1. LIMNOBIUM, Rich.

Flowers unisexual. Sepals 3. Petals 3. Anthers 6-12, linear, inserted into a short
column. Ovary 6-9-celled: ovules “ atropous ;” stigmas 2-partite. Berry many-seeded.
— Stoloniferous herbs; leaves rosular, floating ; flowers small, whitish.

1. Xj. stoloniferum, Gr. Leaves oval-oblong or oval-roundish, subacute or roundish
at both 'ends, sponsions beneath.— Hydromystria, Mey. Esseq.t L. Spongia, Steuct.es;
parte —L. Bosci, Rich. {Hydroch. t. 8) is distinguished by much larger, snbcordate-rem-
form leaves : our specimens are in fruit and admit of
nor with the monoecious L. Sinclairii , Benth. Leaves 6 12 long, 4

Trinidad!, Cr.; [Guiana!].

CXXVII. NAJADE2E.

Flowers apetalous or naked. Ovaries free, distinct, or solitary, 1-ovulate. Seeds ex-
albuminous : radicle mostly large.— Aquatic, floating, or submersed herbs ; spadix {or flower)
enclosed by or bursting from a spat he.

1. POTAMOGETON, L.

Flowers spicate, hermaphrodite. Sepals 4: anthers inserted into their claw Ovaries *
becoming slightly succulent acheuia. Embryo curved.— Leaves alternate (or opposite ),
stipulate ; spadix peduncled, emersed.

1 P fluitans, Bill. Stem cylindrical, proliferous; leaves cliartaceous, ah long-
netioled uppermost floating, oblong or lanceolate-oblong, tapering at the base: pefroje
convex above: submersed ones persistent, narrower alternate: stipules free not keeled ,
spikes cylindrical : peduncles equally big ; carpids keeled —Cham, in Linnaa, 2. . ./. - -
tL fruit.— P. occidentalis, Sieb. Mart. 275 1— Hab Jamaica!, March ; Tnmdad ., Cr., in
rivers ; [Cuba ! to Martinique ! ; both temperate and tropical zones ol the globe].

2 P Tjlantaffinea, Ducr. vox.ja.maicensis. Stem cylindrical , branched ; Uaves mem-
branaceous shortly petioled, lanceolate-oblong or uppermost oval, even at the margin:
stipules free, keeled; spikes cylindrical: peduncles equally big ; carpids sharply ke^ed-

,, ' Tj’ni.nnpnu form this variety is only distinguished by shorter petioles, and the

msMsssiirnssiSiS;

and southern Europe!].

2. RTJPPIA, L.

vintner* naked hermaphrodite. Stamens 2 : antlicr-ccUs 2, distinct. Ovaries 4 (3-6),
tfonrfh stalked by a long carpophore. Embryo “ ovoid”— Stem submersed, flhform,
tlwhed; leaves capillary, shJthing at the base ; (lowers 2 or several near the summit

'' 3 R^'maritima, L. Anthcr-cells ovoid-oblong; enrpids obliquely ovoid, shortly

AR01DE/E.

507

beaked, much shorter than the carpophore. — Reichenb. Ic. Germ. 7. t. J7- — R. didvma,
Sic. ! : a monstrosity, with some of the carpophores united in pairs. R. brevipes, Bertol. :
a short-pedunded form. — Peduncles at length elongated, spirally twisted at the base or
short and straight. — IIab. Antigua !, Wullschl., in shallow sea-water ; Trinidad !, Or. ;
[S. Barthelemy !, Guadeloupe ! ; Sandwich islands ! ; both temperate zones of the globe].

3. NAJAS, L.

Flowers naked, unisexual, sessile. Stamen 1. Ovary 1 : stigmas several. Embryo
straight.— Wholly submersed, branched herbs ; leaves sessile, sheathing at the base, op-
posite ; flowers solitary or clustered.

4. N. major, All. Leaves broadly linear, sinuate-dentate with mucronate teeth : sheath
entire; flowers dioecious ; “anther subsessile, 4-valved.” — Hab. Antigua!, Wullschl.;
[Europe !, Asia, Sandwich islands].

4. THALASSIA, Sol.

Flowers “ dioecious, $ on a filiform spadix,” ( unknown). “ Sepals 3. Anthers 9,
(12, Euchass.)” — Wholly submersed, marine herbs ; leaves rosulate, grasslike ; “ spadix
with a bifid spathe, exserted.”

5. T. testudinum, Keen. Rhizoma creeping; leaves broadly linear, (about 1' long),
exterior marcescent ; spadix central. — Habit of Posidonia australis, which is hermaphrodite
and has few stamens. — Hab. Jamaica !, March, gregarious on the bottom of the sea ; [Ca-
ribbean islands !] .

CXXVIII. AEOIDEvE.

Flowers apetalous or naked, crowded on a spadix, which is supported by a spathe, rarely
suhsolitary with the spadix reduced. Pericarp mostly baccate. Embryo included in amy-
laceous albumen or exalbuminous : plumule developed, mostly exserted. — Herbaceous or
woody plants, often epiphytes or scandent ; leaves often rosulate, with a large blade.

I he acrid principle of this Order is often regarded as poisonous : the leaves, when chewed,
pi od uce an inflammation of the mouth, as is known of Biejfenbuchia Seguine (the Dumb
Cane). The fleshy underground stems of several, when roasted, become eatable, e.g. the
Coco-root ( Colocasia ), yielding a quantity of starch, the turioues and leaves of Xanthosoma.
Of some species of Anlhurium and Philodendron the fibre is used.

Tribe I. ORONTIACEAH. — Flowers hermaphrodite Cor partly unisexual), covering the
spadix to its summit, usually provided with a calyx.

1. ANTHIJRIUM, Schott.

Spadix free from the persistent, recurved spathe. Calyx 4-leavcd. Stamens 4 Ovary
2-celled : cells 2-1-ovulate. Seeds albuminous.— Large-leaved herbs or scandent, rooting
shrubs; leaves or leaf-segments pointed: petiole tumid at the summit; spathe narrow
often yreen.

§ 1. Scandent shrubs ; leaves alternate ; peduncles axillary. — “Ovary-cells 2-

ovulate” ( C . Kch.).

tire' SCr°,U! LT-iS chnrtaceous> elliptical or elliptical-lanceolate, cn-

tire, 1 -nerved, shortly petioled • midrib filiform beneath: veins joined by 2 arches, 1 dis-

ppn In t1'0™ t lC m,argin ;.,Spadl* ®hort> crect> flowering nearly to the base, exceeding the lan-
ceolate-acuimiiate spathe. Schott, Gen. t 1)4 : W.-Pothos, ^.-Stipular sheaths dis-
solved into persistent fibres, covering the internodes; leaves 3"-4", spadix about 1" long
a. Leaves elliptical ; berries violet .—Kth. N. Gen. t. 19. Peso. FI. 7. 1. 499. b

2 L

508

AROIDE/E.

/3. angustifolium, ICth. Leaves elliptical-lanceolate or lanceolate ; berries “white.”

Hab. Jamaica!, Macf, J.I., March, Wullschl., rooting on trees, in the mountains; An-
tigua !, Wullschl. ; [Haiti ! {&) ; Mexico ! to Brazil !].

§ 2. Leaves rosutate, entire; stem none or short. — “Ovary-cells 1-ovulate” ( G . Kch.).

* Leaves A-nerved : veins joined by a, double arch , one distant from, the margin.

2. A. lanceolatum, Kth. Leaves rigid, chartaceous, lanceolate, tapering at the base,
1 -nerved : midrib argute beneath, veins joined by a double arch, one distant from the mar-
gin : petiole compressed from the base, 2-edged : terminal tumour short ; peduncles slender,
angular, equalling the leaves ; spadix slender, exceeding the lanceolate-acuminate spathe,
naked at the base. — Plum. Descr. t. 62 : a state with short petioles. A. Willdcnowii, Kth .
A. Swartzianum, Schott?- — Leaves IV long, A" broad at the middle; spadix 4 -6 , spathe
3"-4" long.— Hab. Jamaica!: introduced into British gardens; S. Lucia {Schott)-,
[Guiaua !].

** Leaves \-nerved: veins joined by a single, marginal arch.

3. A. Huegelii, Schott! Stemless; leaves large, chartaceous, obovate-oblong,
bluntish at the base (or minutely cordate), 1 -nerved : midrib sharply heeled beneath :
stronger veins 9-12, joined by a marginal arch: petiole short; peduncles slender, little
shorter thau the leaves ; spadix at length much longer than the lanceolate-acuminate spathe,
naked at the base.— Schott, Ic. 1. 18-20.— Leaves 2'-4' long, 6"-9" broad above the middle;
spadix 4"-10" long, sterile above.— IIab. Jamaica !, March, on trees ; Dominica !, lmr. ;
S. Vincent!, Guild.; [Guadeloupe!].

* * * Leaves palmati-pedatinerved.

4. A. dominicense, Schott ! Leaves rigid, leathery, acuminate-oblong from a cor-
date base, 7-nerved, veiny : midrib convex beneath, 2 nerve-pairs running along the margin,
the third distant from it : primary veins numerous : petiole long ; peduncles slender, as long
as the leaves ; spadix about thrice as long as the oblong-lanceolate spathe, flowering to the
base. — Leaves 8"-10" long, 2"-2i" broad ; spadix 3" long.-HAB. Dominica !, Lmr.

5 A Guildingii, Schott! Leaves rigid, shining, chartaceous, cordate-ovate with
superincumbent basilar lobes, 11-9-nerved: midrib obtusely keeled beneath, >'"icrrnost
lateral pair including an ovate area with numerous vein-pairs; petiole long; peduncles
slender, about as long as the petiole; spadix short, about twice as long as the lan“°}“‘e
spathe naked at the bas e.—Plum. Ed. Burn. t. 38.— Pothos coidata, L. A. falla ,
Schott? — Stemless ; leaves 8"-10" long, 5" broad; spadix 2 long.— Hab. S. \mcent.,

6 A concinnum. Schott! Leaves rigid, leathery, veiny, large, broadly cordate-ovate^
with distantly parallel basilar lobes and a rounded sinus, 13-nerved :

pair including an elliptical-lanceolate area with numerous equal vein-pairs ; spadu abo it *
long as the lanceolate acuminate spathe, very shortly naked at the base.— Leaves 12 long,
9" broad; spadix 4" long— Hab. S. Vincent!, Guild.

7 A macrophyllum, Endl. Leaves membranaceous, large, broadly cordate-ovate with

ZZlll mt i rouM ,i,,s pea»ti-15-17-n«r,ej . rndnb «jm
innermost lateral pair including a rhomboid-elliptical area with distant o A-jugal, stioiger
vein-pairs: petiole long; spadix long, about twice «° nnir -,s
spathe, naked at the base. — Plum. Descr. t.J 03, 51, l.
p. grandifolia, Jacq — Stemless ; leaves 2"-l" long,
usually sterile above ; berries blue.— Hab. Antigua !
deloupe ! ; Venezuela]. . . ,

q A cordifolium, Kth. Leaves chartaceous , or at length leathery.large, deltoid,
'Unitin' cordate with diverging rounded lobes and a broadly open sinus, which is truncate

long as the lanceolate-acuminate spathe, naked at the base. not. mag.

as long as the lanceolate-acuminate
Jacq. Ic. Bar. t. 610.— Pothos, Sic.
12"-8" broad; spadix often V long,
Wullschl., on trees ; [Portorico, Gua-

AllOIDEiE.

509

macrophylla, IF. — Stemless; leaves 10"-20" long, 8"- 14" broad ; spadix slender, 12"-6"
long. — Hab. Jamaica!, March , Wullschl., on trees; S. Kitts.

§ 3. Leaves approximate, palmatipartite ; stem, short.

9. A. palmatum, Kih., Schott I Leaves chartaceous, long-petioled, palmatipartite :
segments 7-10, spathulate-lanceolate ; peduncles long ; spadix slender, little exceeding the
linear-acuminate spathe, naked at the base. — Plum. Descr. t. 64. 65. — Pothos, L. — Leaves
“ several feet in diameter;” spadix 8"-14" long. — Hab. Dominica!, Imr. ; [Martinique],

A. Andersonii, Schott (leaflets 9), and A . pentaphyllum, Kth., are said to occur in S.
Lucia : both are distinguished from A. palmatum by the leaflets quite distinct.

2. SPATHIPHYLLUM, Schott.

Spadix naked at the base, supported by a foliaceous, persistent spathe. Stamens 6. Ovary
“ 3(-4)-celled : cells few-ovulate.” Seeds albuminous. — Stemless herbs; leaves elliptical,
pointed, uninerved : veins numerous, parallel : petiolar sheath embracing the peduncle ;
spathe at length greenish.

10. S. cannifolium, Schott! Spathe ovate-oblong, shortly cuspidate, little exceeding
the spadix ; naked part of the spadix short, free from the spathe ; calyx truncate, about
as long as the ovary .—Schott, Aroid. t. 1. — Pothos, Dryand. — Leaves i"-li" long, 5"-8"
broad ; spathe 6 " long, 2" broad ; spadix 5"-3", naked part of it about 4"' long. — Hab.
Trinidad!, Schott, Or., Loclch., common in moist places; [Brazil].

3. MONSTERA, Ad.

Spadix free from the eymbiform, decaying spathe, bearing flowers to the base. Stamens
naked, 4(-6). Ovary 2-celled: cells 2— 1-ovulate. Seeds exalbuminous. — Stem woody, ra-
dicant on trees; leaves approximate, \-nerved: stronger veins curved, parallel; spathe co-
loured.

From a monstrosity (collected by Mr. Wullschlaegel), in which the stamens are trans-
formed into a calyx, it appears that Dracontium is nearly allied, being chiefly distinguished
by the spathe persistent, and the spadix naked at the base.

11. M. pertusa, Gr. Leaves membranaceous, ovate, at length perforated along the
midrib by oblong or oval-oblong holes ; spathe “ yellow within,” twice as long or half as
long again as the cylindrical spadix.— Plum.. Descr. t. 56, 57. Desc. Fl. 3. t. 229. — Dra-
contium, L. M. Adansonii, Schott. M. Imrayaua, Schott!: a form with a broader spathe
and the petiole sheathing to its summit. — Larger leaves about 1' long : yellow spadix 3"-5"
long.— Hab. Antigua!, Wullschl., Dominica !, Lmr. ; [French islands ! to Guiana !].

Tribe II. Alt ACE /E. Flowers unisexual, naked: the spadix usually ? at the base, $
above it.— Connective in the West Iudian geuera large, truncate, except in the anomalous
floating ones.

4. DIEFFENBACHIA, Schott.

Spadix free at the <? summit : ? part adnate to the persistent spathe, with its upper abor-
tive flowers scattered. Anther-cel/s adnate to a column. Ovaries “ 3-2 (-1) -celled ” sur
rounded by sterile filaments: cells 1-ovulate. Seeds exalbumiuous.— Stem erect •’ leaves
approximate at its summit, \-nerved: veins numerous, parallel.

^. D -Seguiiie, Schott. Leaves ovate-oblong, pointed, rounded at the base : stronger
veins 9-1 5-jugal - spathe greemsh.-PZim. Descr. t. 61, 51, h. .lacy. Amer. Piet. t. 229.

sheaSrf; H?- P1 ru;elccta> Schott!: Jacquin’s form with the petiole

5. MONTRICHARDIA, Crueg.

Spadix free, covered wholly by flowers, $ above, ? below, devoid of sterile organs ; spathe

2 I, 2

510

AROIDEiE.

*

sheathing, at length deciduous. Anthers distinct. Ovary “1-celled, 1 (-2) -ovulate.” Seeds
exalbumiuous. — Stein arborescent, ; leaves rosulate at its summit, sagittate : veins joined, by
arches near the margin : petiole long, margined below to the sheathing base.

13. M. arborescens, Schott. Stem low, unarmed; leaf-auricles longer than the mid-
rib, with their inner margins parallel at the base.- — Plum. Bescr. t. 60, 51, g. — Arum,
Caladium, Vent. — Stem 5'-6' high ( Plum .) ; leaves 8"-10" diarn. ; spathe “externally
green, white within and purplish at the base, about 6" long.” — Hab. West Indies ( Plum .),
iu moist places ; [Guadeloupe!; Guiana],

14. M. aculeata, Grueg. Stem arboreous, usually prickly ; leaf-auricles little longer
than the midrib, with their inner margins diverging. — Caladium, Miq. C. arborescens,
Mey.l — Stem 10-25' high; leaves l'diam. ; spathe 5"-4" long. — Hab. Trinidad (G>.),
forming thickets in moist places, chiefly near the sea; [Guiana!].

6. PHILODENDRON, Schott.

Spadix free, at length involute by the sheathing spathe, ^ below, $ at the summit, bearing
sterile organs at the middle. A ntliers distinct. Ovary “compound: cells several-ovulate :

ovules atropous.” Seeds albuminous.- — Stem scandent or erect ; leaf-veins numerous, pa-
rallel ; spathe coloured, cymbform above the sheathing base.

* Leaves entire, \-nerved.

15. P. lingulatum, Scholl! Scandent; leaves alternate, oblong -lanceolate, cuspi-
date, rounded at the base: stronger veins 4-S-jugal: petiole margined to the summit : sti-
pules none ; spathe white. — SI. t. 27. f 2. — Arum, L. ( exclus . Syn. PI.) P. Swarlzianum,
Schott? — Leaves 5"-6" long, 2"-l" broad ; petiole l§"-2", spathe 3" long. — Hab. Jamaica !,
Pd., March, Wullschl., on trees; [Panama!, Venezuela],

16. P. dispar, Schott. Scandent ; leaves alternate, broadly ovate-oblong , mucronate,
subcordate at the base, about as long as the petiole : stronger veins 8-12(-“ 5 ”)-jugal : pe-
tiole margined below the summit, with the margin gradually dilated towards the sheathing
base: stipules none; spathe “yellowish.” — SI. t. 27- f. 3. Plum. Ed. Bunn. t. 37- — P.
lingulatum, C. Kth. — Leaves 12"-6" long, 6"-4" broad ; spathe 6" long : peduncle short.
— Hab. Jamaica {SI.)-, [Guadeloupe!].

17. P. hederaceum, Schott. Scandent; leaves alternate, deeply cordate with a nar-
row sinus, pointed, stipulate: stronger veins 6-12-jugal: petiole terete; spathe “yellowish-
green.” — Plum. Bescr. t. 55, 51, d. Jacq. Atner. Piet. t. 230. Besc. FI. 3. t. 16S.
Arum, L. P. Jacquinii, Schott. — Leaves and spathe about 6" long. — Hab. Jamaica (P. Br.,
Besc.)-, [Cuba to Martinique ; Panama !, Venezuela, Guiana].

** Leaves pinnatifid, \-nerved.

18. P. lacerum, Schott! Scandent; leaves alternate, large, pinnatifid to one-fourth
of the transverse diameter, deeply cordate: stronger veins 9-10-jugal, 4-3 lowest pairs re-
curved, naked at the sinus : auricles approximate : lobes ovate, blunt : petiole long ; pedun-
cles fascicled, long; spathe “yellow” {Jacq.)— Plum. Bescr. 1. 53, 51, b. Jacq. Schaenbr.
4. t. 468. — Arum, Jacq. Caladium. L.— Leaves 1 0"-20" loug, 8"-16" broad ; spathe 3"-4"
long. — Hab. Jamaica!, List., Wullschl.; [Cuba! to Venezuela].

*** Leaves 3- partite , S-nerved.

19. P. tripartitum, Schott. Scandeut; leaves 3- partite , subtruncate at the base:
segments entire, middle segment elliptical-oblong, pointletcd, with 4— 6-jugal stronger veins,
lateral oblique with the stronger veins unilateral ; petiole long, naked ; spathe “ white above,
greenish with yellow spots at the base” {Jacq.) — Jacq. Schcenbr. 2. t. 190. Arum, Jacq.
Caladium, W.— Lcta-segmcnts 8"-10" long, 3''-2i" broad, shorter than the petiole; spathe
4" long. — Hab. Jamaica !, March ; [Venezuela].

7. SYNGONIUM, Schott.

Spadix of Philodendron : spathe convolute-sheathing at the base, persistent. Anthers

AROIDEiE.

511

connate at the middle. Ovaries “ cohering, 2 -1 -celled : ovule single, anatropous.” Seeds
“ exalbuminous.” — Stem scandent ; leaves approximate at its summit, the perfect pedati-
3-7 -parted : veins joined by inconspicuous arches : petiole long, icing ed-shealhing below;
spathe coloured.

20. S. auvitum, Schott! Leaves pedati-5 -partite : middle segment large, ovate or
ovate-oblong, exterior cohering, obovate-oblong or oblong-ellipiical, blunt; spathe “greenish-
yellow with purple spots” ( Jacg .) : lamina ovate-oblong, lower sheathing part cylindrical. — -
Plum. Pescr. t. 58, 51, c. Jacg. Sclioenbr. 2. t. 191. Peso. FI. 3. t. 231. — Arum, L. S.
Plnmierii, Schott. — First lateral pair of leaf-segments 3"-2", second 6"-4", middle segment
12"-S", spathe 6"(-10"), sheathing part of it 2"(-3"), spadix 4"(-6") long. — Hah. Jamaica !,
all coll., on trees ; [Haiti to Brazil].

8. ACONTIAS, Schott.

Spadix of Philodendron, acuminate : spathe of Syngonium. Anthers connate at the mid-
dle. Ovaries distinct below, compound : cells several-ovulate : ovules anatropous.” — Stein-
less herbs; leaves pedatipartite : veins joined by arches: petiole long, sheathing, margined
at the base ; spathe greenish-yellow.

21. A. helleborifolius, Schott. Leaf-segments 1 1-7, lanceolate-oblong, pointed, ex-
terior smaller. — Schott, Gen. t. 47 : anal. Jacg. Ic. Rar. t. 613. — Arum, Jacg. — Middle
leaf-segment 6''-3", spathe 5" long, its tubular base ventricose. — Hab. Dominica 1, Imr. ;
[French islauds; Panama!, Guiana!, Brazil!].

9. XANT1IOSOMA, Schott.

Character of Acontias, but anther-cells adnate to an entire, common column. — Herbs ;
leaves sagittate, arch-veined : stronger veins straightish, distant ; spathe coloured.

22. X. atro virens , C. Kth. At length caulescent; leaves livid-green beneath: basilar
lobes blnutish with the backward bent vein-pair naked at the narrow sinus : stronger veins
6-9 -jugal : arch distant from the margin: spathe bluntish, little longer Ilian the blunt
spadix. — SI. t. 106./. 2. — Arum sagittifolium, L., ex parte.— Leaves l'-l/ long, 10"-12"
broad; spathe 7" long.— Hab. Jamaica !, Pist., cultivated {SI)-, [Venezuela].

23. X. sagittifolium, Schott. At length shortly caulescent ; leaves large, green : ba-
silar lobes pointed, with the backward vein-pair naked at the broadly open sinus : stronger
veins 8-jugal: arch distant from the margin; spathe greenish-yellow, acuminate, exceeding
the bluntish-acuminate spadix. — Peso. Ft. 8. t. 533. — Arum, L., ex parte.— Leaves 1/
long; spathe 8", spadix 6" long.— Hab. Jamaica {Peso.), Barbadoes (L.) ; [Cuba to French
islands !].

24. X. ? peregrinum, Gr. “Stemless:” leaves large, green ; basilar lobes roundish,
with the backward bent vein-pair naked at the broadly open sinus : stronger veins 8-jugal :
arch marginal.— Arum, L.— Leaves 2' long or more.— Hab. Jamaica {SI., L.) along moun-
tain-rivulets: [Guadeloupe!; Venezuela],

10*. COLOCASIA, Schott.

Spadix free from the persistent, sheathing spathe, naked at the base and at the summit
? below, above, bearing sterile organs between ? and $ . Anther-cells adnate to the sub-
entire column. Ovanes distinct, 1-celled : ovules oo, parietal. Seeds “albuminous”—
I uberose herbs ; leaves peltate, arch-veined; spathe “ yellowish.”

2° • C- esculenta, Schott. Stemlcss ; leaves cordate-oblong, pointed, with blunt ba-
silar lobes and a narrow sinus. —SI. t. 106./. 1 : a leaf. Jacg. Schcenbr. 2. t. 186.— Arum,
A; (non A. Goloeasia, L ex Catesb.) A. bicolor, Jacg. C. antiquorum, Schott— Leaves
n ,£•. often reddish- vanegated above; spathe 3"-4" long; spadix “odorous.” —
Hab. Naturahzed in Jamaica, S. Kitts!, cultivated in all islands; [introduced from the East

512

TYPHACEJS.

11. PISTIA, L.

Spadix wholly adnate to the spathe, 2-flowered : upper flower 3 , supported by a scutelli-
form disk, iuferior $ , laterally adnate to the spadix, separated from <? by a scaly appendage.
Anthers 3-8(-2), adnate to an eutire column : cells 4, in a cross. Ovary 1-celled : ovules
co-2, parietal, “ atropous.” Embryo in the summit of the albumen. — Floating, stoloniferous,
stemless herbs ; leaves rosular, palmatinerved.

Klotzsch regarded the scaly appendage and the disk as perigonial organs, but the former
is apparently homologous to the (stipular ?) dissepiment or stricture of the spathe occurring
in Ambrosinia. The number of stamens, upon which he chiefly constituted his genus Lim-
nonesis, is, as Swartz observed, variable in our species from 3 to 8.

26. P. occidentalis, El. Leaves obovate-rhomboid, truncate-rounded or emarginate
at the top, broadly sessile, 7-13 -nerved ; spathe whitish: peduncle short, “ scaly appendage
2-parlite : segments diverging anthers 3-8; berry many-seeded: seeds rugose. Jacq.
Amer. Piet. t. 225.— P. stratiotes, Jacq., Sw — Leaves 2"-6" diam.— Hab. Jamaica !, M'Nab,
common in ponds; Antigua!, Wullschl. ; [Cuba to French islands!, and Florida to Brazil].

12. LEMNA, L.

Spadix reduced to a point : spathe membranaceous, rupturing : flowers naked, 3 2, re-
duced to single stamens, contiguous to the single 5? . Anthers didymous. Ovary 1-celled :
ovules anatropous or hemianatropous. Pericarp utricular. — Floating, small, rooted fronds;
flowers rarely appearing in a marginal cleft of the frond.

27. la. minor, L. Fronds roundish-obovate, flattish beneath : root single : filaments fili-
form; ovary 1 -ovulate: ovule “hemianatropous.” — Frond 1",-2W long. — Hab. Antigua!,
Wullschl.; ' \_ both temperate and tropical zones, in ponds].

28. L. trisnlca, L. Fronds lanceolate-oblong, flat,, the submersed connected in a

cross : loot single; flowers as in the preceding. — Fronds long, the floating fertile

ones smaller— Hab. Antigua!, Wullschl.; [both temperate and tropical zonds, in ponds].

13. WOLFFIA, Ilork.

Character of Lemma, but 3 flower single, anther “ simple, 2-valved,” and the solitary
ovule atropous. — Floating, very minute, mostly rootless fronds ; flowers appearing on the
upper facet.

29. W. punctata, Or. (».. sp.) Fronds elliptical-oblong, flattish on both sides, brown-
dotted: single cleft not margined. — Nearly allied to W. brasiliensis, VVcdd. (Ann. Sc. Nat.
iii. 12. t. 8)' but distinguished from its figure by the fronds twice as long as broad, not, he-
mispherical beneath, and the utricle (seen only once) ellipsoidal, not globose. Fronds $ -*
long, dotted on both sides : two or several generations of fronds usually cohering.— Hab.
Jamaica 1, Wullschl.

CXXIX. TYPHACE2E.

Character of Avoided:, hut spadices 2 or several, one above the other, fruit dry, and plu-
mule included.— Marsh plants; leaves linear; spadices unisexual, each supported by a
deciduous spathe.

1. TYPHA, L.

Flowers supported by scaly bristles or hairs, 3 monndelphous, 3-2(4-l)-audrous, 9 con-
sistiiur of simple stipitate ovaries, which contain a single, hanging, anatropous ovule. Oary-
ovsis long-stipitate : epicarp splitting.— Spadices 2, superior 3 , cylindrical, interrupted by
1-2 deciduous spathes (besides the basilar), inferior ? : the $ flowers supported by soft
hairs and abortive ovaries.

1 T. aneustifolia, T., var. domingensis, Pers. Leaves flat or slightly convex-con-
cave 5"'-7i"' broad; spadices distant from each other, both cylindrical; hairs in 3 exceed-

PALM/E.

513

in<>' the filaments : pollen simple ; $ flowers supported by a hairlike bract; stigma filiform,
exceeding the hairs.— T. latifolia, Mey. Esseq. ! — Not distinguished from the European iorm
but by larger growth, longer spadices, and much broader leaves. — Hab. Jamaica !, « ullschl.,
common in lagoons; Trinidad !, Cr. ; [both temperate and tropical zones: the variety ranges
from Texas ! to South Brazil !].

CXXX. PANDANEiE.

Character of Aroidece, but spathes usually several, albumen devoid of amylurn, fleshy or
hard, and plumide included.— Woody (rarely stemless) plants; leaves approximate at the
summit of the trunk, resembling those of large grasses, if entire, or of palms, if divided.

They are fibre-plants, used for thatching and cordage. The fruits of several, and the seeds
of Pandanus, are eatable: Pandanus utilis, Bor., is a cultivated tree in the West Indies
(Jamaica!, Trinidad): its large rosular leaves are spinous-dentate.

1. CARLUDOVICA, B. P.

Flowers monoecious, 3 in fours around the fj? . Calyx-limb of $ multidentate, of ? 4-fid,
superior. Anthers oo . Ovary surrounded by elongated, sterile filaments : placentas 4, pa-
rietal, multiovulate. Berry “ 4-gonal.” — Trunk radicant or none ; leaves rosulate, %-palma-
tijid ; spadices axillary, cylindrical, peduncled : spathes 2-5.

1. C. Plumieri, Ktli. “Trunk radicant;” leaves deeply 2-fid, unicostate, flattish, ta-
pering into the petiole : lobes oblong, acuminate, about twice as long as the midrib : petiole
one-third as long as the blade, half-terete, channelled above ; spathes 5, distant, oblong-lan-
ceolate, acuminate, clasping-coneave ; $ calyx cupnlate ; sterile filaments in !j> long, filiform,
flexuose. — Plum. Descr. t. 59, 51,/. — C. palmifolia (Salmia, W.). — Leaves 2-2/ long:
lobes 3"-2" broad; midrib 8"-9" long: principal veins 7-9-jugal; spadix nodding; spathes
2 .) "-4", spadix l"-3", sterile filaments about 2" long. — IIab. Dominica!, Imr. ; Trinidad!,
Cr. ; [French islands].

Two other species occur in the French islands : 1. C. gracilis, Liebm. Syn. C. angusti-
folia, Seem. ( Eoodiantlius , Oerst.), non R. P. C. Plumieri, PL Carib. : leaves deeply 2-fid,
with narrower (1"-1 / broad) lobes, spathes 3 ; 2. C. insignis, Duchass. Syn. C. palmata,
PI. Carib. Allied to C. latifolia, R. P. : leaves 3-costate, shortly 2-fid, lobes at length cut,
spathes 4.

CXXXI. PALMiE.

Spadix supported by spathes, mostly branched : flowers usually unisexual. Perigone
2-seriate. Stamens 6(3-co). Ovary 3—1 (— 5)-celled : cells 1 (-2) -ovulate. Pericarp in-
dehiscent, fleshy, or hard : putameu often cohering with the testa. Albumen devoid of
amylurn, cartilaginous, bearing the embryo iu a special, peripherical cavity. — Woody, mostly
unbranched plants ; leaves usually approximate at the summit of the trunk, pinnati- or
pahnali-sect, rarely entire.

Of the various productions of this Order, the following are chiefly mentioned as West
Indian : timber is afforded by Cocos, Geouoma Swartzii, Badris Plumieriana, Acrocomia
lasiospatha, Thrinax parviflora ; fibre by Cocos, Sabal urn braculif 'era, Manicaria ; thatches
arc constructed with the leaves of Copernicia, Sabal, Thrinax, and Geonoma Swartzii; eat-
able are the fruits of Badris Plumieriana, the albumen of Cocos, the leaf-buds of the
cabbage-palms, e.g. Euterpe oleracea, Oreodoxa oleracea, Cocos and others ; wine aud
spirits are prepared from the saccharine sap of Cocos and Phoenix spinosa ; oil from the
albumen of Cocoinea, e.g. Acrocomia, Cocos, and from the pericarp of E/ais ; starch from
Oreodoxa oleracea. Two of these palms have been introduced, but are so much cultivated
as to appear naturalized, viz. E/ais guineensis and Cocos nuefera : the latter as Mr.
Y\ nllschlacgel informs me, was never seen by him but iu a cultivated stale. Other palms,
cultivated iu the West Indies, arc : Areca Catechu in AutigmU : Wullsch!., and S. Vincent ! :
Guild.; Phoenix spinosa in Antigua!: Will Isclil. ; Ph. dadylif era in Jamaica (SI.), but
not thriving there, aud in Trinidad ! : Cr. ; Arenga saccharifera in Jamaica (Macf. MS.).

514

PALM2E.

Tribe I. ARECINEAE. Eruit simple, 1 -seeded, (or 2-%-parliie, or -pyrenous) .- pula-
men thin, devoid of a special pore at the embryo-cavity , ( rarely thick, bony, then with a
single porej .

Subtribe I. SA B A LINE/E. — Flowers usually hermaphrodite. Berry smooth. Leaves
palmatifid or palmatisect : divisions induplicate . — Spadix often with special spathes at
its divisions.

1. COPERNIC1A, Mart.

Perigone ox terior 3-dentate, interior 3-fid. Ovary 3-celled ; style simple; stigma capi-
tate, terminal in fruit. Berry 1-seeded. Albumen ruminate : embryo basilar. — Petioles
prickly ; flowers sessile.

1. C. tectorum, Mart. “Leaves palmatifid to beyond the middle, forming half a
circle or more ; spadix-branches paniculate ; exterior perigone hoary-pubescent, interior
sericeous-tomentose ; berry olive-shaped.” — SI. t. 213. /. 2 : a leaf —Thrinax sp., Gosse,
Jam. p. 304. — 1 refer to this species Sloane’s thatch-palm, No. 10, though it does not
occur in recent collections. That Sloane’s plant is a Copernicia, is apparent from the
“prickly” petioles, the fruit “shaped like an olive” (SI. 2. p. 122), and the vernacular
name “ Carnaiba,” quoted by him. “ Trunk smooth, about 10' high, with a swelling at its
bottom ; leaves 1£' diam. (in the figure) : petiole 2'-3' long ” (SI.) — ITab. Jamaica, on all
the honeycomb rocks (SI.), on vertical limestone-rocks (Gosse) ; [Haiti (Mart.) ; Llanos of
Venezuela (Humbf\.

2. SABAL, Ad.

Perigone exterior 3-fid, interior 3-phvllous. Ovary 3-celled: style simple: stigma
capitate, suprabasilar in fruit. Berry 1-seeded or 2-3-partite. Albumen entire, concave at
the base : embryo lateral. — -Petioles unarmed ; flowers sessile ,- berries globose.

2. S. umbraeulifera, Mart. Trunk at length high ; “ leaves large, glaucescent, sub-
orbicular, multifid to one-third to two-thirds, with loose fibres between the bifid lobes, shorter
than the petiole ; spadix half as long as the leaves branches paniculate ; leaflets of the
inner perigone ovate-lanceolate , thrice as long as the outer perigone, equalling the stamens ;
berries greenish-black (4"'-5'" diam.) ; embryo nearly at the middle of the albumen. — Mart.
Palm. i. 130. Du Tertre Hist. t. 5. f. 7 : the habit. — Trunk 60'-80' high (Pd.)-, leaves
4'-6' diam., petiole 6— 8', spadix 4 '-5' long; “flowers whitish.” — ITab. Bahamas (Mart.)-,
Jamaica ! : Pd., e.g. Black river savannah ; [Cuba to Caribbean islands],

3. S. mauritiiformis, Gr. et Wendl. Trunk high ; leaves large, glaucous beneath,
“ snborbicular,” multifid to the middle, with loose fibres between the bifid lobes, longer than
the petiole ; “ spadix exceeding the leaves branches paniculate ; leaflets of the inner peri-
gone lanceolate-linear, thrice as long as the outer perigone, equalling-the stamens ; “ berry
black : size of a pea.” — Karsten in Naticrleben, p. 105 : the habit. — Trithriuax, Karst.
S. glaucescens, Lodd. (not described), is probably the same palm. — The description of the
flowers is taken from a specimen, cultivated in the botanical garden of Trinidad, that of the
leaves from Mr. Crueger’s label accompanying it. Trunk middle-sized, 1 thick, little
annulate (Cr.), but reaching to 60-80' (Karst.) ; leaves 12' diam., petiole 7'-S', inner peri-
gone 2'" long. — ITab. Trinidad; [Venezuela],

A stemless Sabal (S. tauriua, Lodd.), allied to S. Adansonii, but distinguished from
it, occurs in gardens as introduced from Jamaica or Trinidad, but is not sufficiently known.
Another Sabal, cultivated at Kew as S. umbraeulifera, and said to be introduced from
Trinidad, is not that species, but apparently a lower palm (the Kew specimen measured 14'
3" in 1862, and had already produced flower and fruit in 1856), distinguished by larger
(8'" diam.) berries and thinner perigonial leaflets ovate, blunt (about 1'" long), twice as long
as the outer series : it is to be compared with S. Palmetto, Lodd.

3. THRINAX, L.fil.

Perigone exterior 3-fid, interior often passing partly into stamens. Ovary simple, 1-
ovulate; style terminal, simple ; stigma infundibular. Albumen ruminate: embryo at its
summit. — Petioles unarmed; flowers pedicellate; berries globose.

PALM7E.

515

4. T. parviflora, Sw. ! “Trunk low (lO'-l 2' high);” leaves puberulous-glahrate.

and green beneath-, divisions united to one-quarter to one-sixth: ligule deltoid: spadix
large, paniculate, stamens 6(-8), long-exserted ; berry dry, roughish. — Sw. Ft. t. 1 3. jig.
sup.-, anal. — Thrinax elegans, Ilort. Herrenhus !- — De Martins describes the leaf-divisions
to he united to one-third, and the ligule acuminate-3-angular : but in Swartz’s specimen
(taken from a young plant) the exterior leaf-divisions are united to one-sixth, the interior to
one-fourth, and the ligule is bluntly deltoid (IV" long). The specimen, cultivated at Kew,
belongs probably to T. parviflora, Mart, (non Sw.) : from Dr. Hooker’s notes it has gla-
brous leaves, the divisions united to one-third or two-thirds, and an acute ligule. — Leaves
10"— 2' long ; spadix 2-3', pedicels stamens 1"'-1-V" long ; perigone minute ; berry

3'" diam. — Hab. Bahamas ( Catesb .) ; Jamaica !, Sw., March, Wils., gregarious in arid,
maritime places ; [Haiti].

5. T. radiata, Lodd. “ Trunk short leaves green, glabrous or puberulous beneath :
divisions united to or beyond one-tliird : ligule broadly rounded, with a short, blunt ap-
pendage at the middle; spadix large, paniculate; stamens about 8. — Leaves 2'-l', ligule
1"', or in the largest leaves 3'" long: leaf-lobes numerous ; spadix 2'-3', pcdic :1s 1'", peri-
goue V"> stamens l'"-lV" long. — Hab. Antigua !, Wullschl. ; Trinidad !, Lour., Cr., rare
on the Bocas islands and on the north-east coast ; [Cuba],

6. T. arg-entea, Lodd. “Trunk low (12-15 high, 2"-3" thick) ; leaves shorter than
the petiole, silvery -sericeous beneath : divisions united at the base : ligule concave, semi-
lunar-eroded; spadix little paniculate ; berry small.” — Mart. palm. t. 163: the habit;
t. 103. III. : the fruit. — “ Leaves 2 -IV, spadix 1' long : partial spathes 3-4 only.” —
Hab. Bahamas {Catesb.) ; Jamaica (Kew Mas.), gregarious in savannahs; [Cuba, Haiti],

7. T. barbadensis, Lodd. “ Trunk middle-sized;” leaves green, glabrous : divisions
united at the base : ligule obsolete, truncate ; spadix paniculate ; berry polished. — T. parvi-
flora, Mayc. sec. Mart. — Young leaves 1', spadix 2' long; berry 4 '" diam.— Hab. Barba-
does {Lodd.) ; [Guadeloupe !, on limestone hills] .

8. T. excelsa, Lodd. Leaves pale-green above, hoary-glaucous beneath by minute,
appressed down . divisions united to about one-tliird-. “ ligule bluntly deltoid :” sheath
densely coated with butf-coloured cotton.— The Kew specimen is 7' 7" high, 8" thick below
{Dr. Hook.)-, leaves 4'-5' long, about 50-fid: divisions about- 2' long, 3"-l" broad : “ligule
15'" long;” spadix-branches spreading-recurved, its axis 1' long, naked below; spathe
rusty-tomentose ; berry globose, 3'" diam.— Hab. Jamaica !, HorLKew.

T. pumi/io, Lodd., said to grow on the rocky coast of western Jamaica, is doubtful.
Sloane’s synonym is to he excluded, having been quoted by P. Browne to his Chamcerops ,
which from his description seems to be a Carludovica.

Subtribe II. L EP IDO CAR YINE /E. — Flowers unisexual. Fruit loricate. Leaf-

divisions reduplicate.

4. MAUR1TIA, L.fil.

Flowers dioecious. Perigone $ , exterior short, 3-dentatc or truncate, interior 3-partite,
G-androus with erect anthers ; ? “ exterior 3-dentate or 3-fid, interior 3-fid. Ovary 3-cellcd
surrounded by stenle stamens : stigma 3-lobcd, sessile. Berry large, 1-sccded. Albumen
entire: embryo near its base or lateral.”— Arboreous palms; leaves deeply palmalifid -,
spadices simple, amentaceous, sessile, exsertedfrom their spathe, distichous along the branches
oj the long pendulous rhachis, the internodes of which are covered with the sheathing -
rnZZ’n Subtruncate sPathes : flowera sessile, bracleale ; berry ccnetike from its loricate

lincar^iimnnu.61'4’ (n: SP^‘ “ Trunk unarmed ;” leaves green : segments

weak (4'"7o m br stb',1Cdr0n ? = Tdrii dislantld Prickl!l ^ove with incurved,

thrice iiloMirtpHv * wTent5 Hl)lo"g-(;-vll,ulri<;a1’ bluut, densely covered with flowers,
ThU nnTJ ha^b^^ J "'^nodes.-M. flexuosa triuitensis, Mart. M. viuifora, Mayc. ?

unnerP‘s dc of the l,ii7n,K|^v'!"ler"0|d(!? °f M' vinifera> Mart., but by the prickles on the
pptr side of the leaf-ribs is distinguished Irom this as well as from M. flexuosa -. the fruit

516

PALMA

is still unknown. Leaf-segments united to about one-tenth, 5' long, 18"'-20'" broad
about the middle, reduplieate-complicate, 11-13-nerved : midrib sharply keeled on the upper
side : prickles 6 '"-12"' distant, greenish ; spathes in both sexes obliquely infundibular at the
8" -6'" broad, repand-subtruncate summit, broad at the base; laments l£"-2"

long : their rhachis about 4'" thick ; exterior J1 perigone repand-entire, 2'" long, equalling
the bracts, interior segments hard-leatherv, puberulous, lanceolatc-oblong, bluntisb, 5"' long,
valvate, exceeding the oblong anthers. — Hab. Trinidad!, Cr., gregarious aud forming the
chief vegetation in the swampy parts of the island ; Barbadoes? ( Mayc .).

Subtribe III. EUTERPE2E. —Flowers unisexual (monoecious in the same spadix in the

West Indian genera). Fruit smooth. Leaves pinnalisect, rarely subentire : segments

reduplicate (or flat).

5. I1YOSPATHE, Mart.

Perigone exterior $ cupular, 3-fid, ? 3-partite : interior in both sexes 3-phyllous. Sta-
mens 6 : no rudimentary ones in $ . Ovary 3-celled : stigmas 3, sessile “ above the base
of the fruit. Berry 1-seeded. Albumen entire : embryo lateral above its base.” — Unarmed
palms ; “ trunk arundinaceous , annulate leaf-segments flattish, often several cohering ;
spadix lateral below the leaves, simply branched , equalling the inner spathe : branches
spreading, thickened at the base : flowers sessile : bracts obsolete ; “ berry ovoid.”

10. H. pubigera, Or. and Wendl. (n. sp.). Leaf-segments linear-acuminate, inferior
distinct, superior more or less cohering and forming oblong or oblong-linear blades; pedun-
cle and rhachis of the spadix tomentose, at length puberulous : branches 20-30 ; rudiment
of the pistil in $ columnar, as long as the stamens.— Trunk 10-12' high {Or.); petioles
more than 2', leaves 3'-4' loug, green with pale nerves, glabrous, chartaceous : inferior seg-
ments somewhat distant, li'-2' long, 3"' broad, cohering ones i;"-3" broad ; exterior spathe
2-keeled, 5", interior 12"-15", peduncle 4"— 2", inferior spadix-branches about 6" long, the
latter much thickened at the base, rigid-spreading ; glomerules somewhat distant : flowers
l'"-l V" long. — IIab. Trinidad!, Or., gregarious, covering nearly exclusively the summit of
one of the highest mountains near Toeuche.

6. JESSENIA, Karst.

Perigone exterior and interior 3-phyllous, the interior in $ much longer than the exterior.
Stamens “ 20 9 ; no rudimentary ones in ^ . Ovary 3-celled : stigmas 3, terminal,

“slightly excentrical in fruit” {Wendl.). Berry 1 -seeded. “ Albumen ruminate : embryo
axil at its base.” — High, unarmed palms ; leaves pinnalisect ; spadix simply branched :
branches long, much exceeding the conical-acuminate rhachis : flowers sunk into concavities :
bracts obsolete; “berry ovoid.”

11. J. olig-ocarpa, Gr. and Wendl. {n. sp.). Leaf-segments lanceolate-linear, acu-
minate, alternate, glaucous beneath ; stamens 9-12 ; fertile flowers confined to the lowest
part of the spadix-branches. — Of allied species J. polycarpa, Karst., is said to have the
pin me twice as broad, opposite, acute, stamens 16-20, (Enocarpus Batava, Mart., pinnae
not glaucous beneath, opposite, acute, stamens 6 : from both it is distinguished by the small
number of £ flowers. Leaf-segments wholly reduplicate, glabrous, chartaceous, green above,
whitish-glaucous beneath, 2i' long, 3" broad ; spadix-branches fastigiate, 2&' long: $ flowers
single, subdistant, confined to one-tenth to one-sixth of the whole branch, $ more contiguous ;
inner $ perigone !■£'" long, valvate: $ flowers subglobosc, 2"'-3'" : both perigoucs subequal,
imbricate. — Hab. Trinidad I, Cr. (“ Palma de Jagua”).

7. EUTERPE, Mart.

Perigone exterior and interior 3-phyllous. Stamens 6 : no or “minute” rudimentary
ones in ? . Ovary 3-eclled: stigmas 3, sessile, lateral, excentrical in fruit. Berry 1 -seeded,
fibrous. Albumen ruminate; embryo basilar. — High, unarmed palms; leaves pinnalisect ;
segments flattish; spadix lateral below the leaves, simply branched, equalling the inner
spathe : branches long, fastigiate, at length spreading : flowers sunk into concavities, brac-
teolale ; berries globose.

PALM/E.

517

12. E. oleracea , Mart. Leaf-segments lanceolate-linear, acuminate, glabrescent : mid-
rib keeled above ; spadix-branches furfuraceous-tomentose, whitish : flowers approximate ;
leaflets of the interior <? perigone ovate, bluntish, twice as tony as the exterior ; berry
violet-black (6"' diam.). — Mart. Palm. t. 28-30.— Trunk S0'-120' high, or lower ( Mart .) :
leaf-segments l-j-2' long, 1" broad; spathe glabrous, 2'-2-V, spadix-branches 14', <? peri-
gone 11 long. — Hab. Jamaica !, Wits. ; Trinidad !, Cr. ; [Guiana !, common along rivers,
to Pernambuco].

E. montana, Grab. (Bot. Mag. t. 3874, Areca, Lodd.), introduced from Grenada, is said
to be distinguished from E. oleracea by a glabrous spadix, with purplish spreading branches
and a small $ calyx: but the palm, sent as Areca montana , from Jamaica to the Rew
Museum, proves to be the true E. oleracea , and perhaps was introduced from the mainland
into that island as a cabbage-palm.

8. OREODOXA, Mart.

Perigone exterior and interior 3-phyllous, the latter valvate in £ . Stamens 6-9. Ovary
3-celled, surrounded hy a 6-dentate cupule : stigmas 3, sessile, suprabasilar in fruit. Berry
drupaceous, 1-seeded : putamen adnate to the testa. Albumen entire : embryo basilar. —
High, unarmed palms ; leaves pinnatisect ; pinna: 2 -fid at the top, petiole long-sheathing ;
spadix at the base of the cylinder formed by the leaf-sheaths, thrice-twice divided, equal-
ling the inner lignescent spatlie: flowers sessile, lanceolate; berries ovoid or oblique,
bluish.

13. O. oleracea , Mart. “ Trunk equal at the middle (100-120' high) leaf-segments
lauceolate-linear, acuminate ; spadix-branches furfuraceous-puberulous, glabrescent ; stamens
6 ; berry incurved, obovoid-oblong : fibres of the mesocarp in an oval area. — SI. t. 215 :
leaves and berries. Jacq. Amer. Piet. t. 255 (Eesc. FI. 4. t. 265) : the habit. Mart.
Palm. t. 156. 1. II. — Areca, Jacq. — Leaf-segments 3' long, 14" broad : spadix 3', $ perigone
2"'-24'", “ berry 8"'-9'" long.”- — LIab. Bahamas {Mart.) ; Jamaica !, Wits., common in
the mountains, to Barbadoes; Trinidad!, Cr. ; [Cuba! and other Antilles].

14. O. regia , Kth. “Trunk thickened at the middle (40-60' high); leaf-segments
linear-acuminate ;” spadix-branches puberulous ; stamens “ 9 ”-6 ; berry ovoid : fibres of
the mesocarp in a round area. — Mart. Palm. t. 156. III.-V. — “Leaf-segments 24' long,
8"'-12'" broad $ perigone 3'", berry 6"' long.— Hab. Antigua !, Wullschl. ; [Cuba and
other Antilles].

9. GEONOMA, W.

Flowers with their bracteoles sunk into the alveoles of the rhachis. Perigone exterior
3-phyllous, interior $ 3-phyllous, ? 3-fid (or closed, circumscissile). Stamens 6, mouadel-
phous : anther-cells usually distinct, reflexed. Ovary 1-celled, surrounded by a 6-den-
tate cupule; style 3-fid, suprabasilar. Berry with the albumen entire: embryo at its base. —
Trunk unarmed, arundinaceous, rarely none ; leaves pinnatisect-bifid, usually unequally
divided : segments ilattish, with the base often broadly adnate ; spathes several-2 at the base
of the spadix, marceseent.

15. G. vaga, Gr. and Wendt. “Trunk 8'— 10' high” {Cr.) ; leaf-segments 6-10-
jugal, .adnate, obliquely acuminate, very unequal, several broadly oblong, others liuear, lowest
distant; spadix-branches divided, usually 3 -partite, fastigiat e, pilose or hispidulous : spathes
2-3 (3"-4" long) : flowers 4-5-seriate, lax : lip of the alveole rounded-subtruncate ; exterior
3 perigone two-thirds as long as the interior ; stamina/ tube equalling the latter, cam-
panulate-cylindrical ; berry globose, rounded or blunt at the top (3"' diam.). — Mart. Palm,
t. 5 : is perhaps this species, but its short staminal tube disagrees , G. multiflora, Mart.
{1. 6) has “ 20-jugal, narrow leaf-segments, a very delicate down on the diverging spadix-
branches, two, at length 5" long spathes, and a subemargiuatc alveolar lip,” while in our
species the spadix-branches are fastigiate-ereet and densely pilose. — Leaves about 3' long,
more than 1' broad : broadest segments 4"-3", narrowest 4"' broad ; spadix long-peduncled,
1 4'- 1', secondary branches 5" long, the latter bearing flowers almost to their base. — Hab.
Dominica !, Imr. ; Trinidad !, Pd., Cr., gregarious, at 3000' alt., Tamana mountains,
Tocuchc; [Guiana, equatorial Brazil].

518

PALM2E.

16. G-. oxycarpa, Mart. “ Trunk 4' high ” (Mart.) ■ leaf-segments 3 -i -jugal adnate,
broadly oblong (or partly lacerate), obliquely acute, subequal, little distant ; spadix-branches
divided, subfastigiate, pubescent : spathes several (3" long) : flowers 4-5-seriate, lax : lip of
tbe alveole shortly deltoid or subtruncate, entire ; exterior $ perigone two-thirds as long as
the interior : staminal tube short , half as long as the latter ; berry subglobose with a
bluntish broadly conical point (3"' long). — Leaves 3' long, 1' broad : segments 3J"-G"
broad, uppermost broadest; spadix long-peduncled, 2'-2|', secondary branches 6" long. —
LIab. Trinidad!, Cr., at Irais ; [Haiti],

10. CALYPTRONOMA, Gr.

Flowers and staminal tube of Geonoma. Anthers sagittate : cells cohering except at the
base. Ovary 3-celled, with 1-2 cells 1-ovulate, the rest abortive: style excentrical-termi-
nal. “ Fruit subangular, 1-seeded.” — “ A high, unarmed tree leaves equally pinnatisect :

pinnee deeply reduplicate at the base, '2,-fid at the top ; spadix equalling the inner, large,
rigid-leathery spathe .- branches ‘i-parlite : divisions long, thicldsh, bearing flowers to their
base.

This genus, constructed upon the Flais occidentalis, Sw., is said to approach in habit
Euterpe, but in character is somewhat analogous to Calyptrogyne, Wendl., from which how-
ever it is much distinguished by habit, by the infundibular, exserted staminal tube, the
sagittate anthers (resembling those of Geonoma synanthera, Mart. 1. 13), the structure of
the $ flower, the divided spadix, and the basilar “ 2-valved ” spathe. Swartz’s description as
far as it goes, is correct, except in the staminal tube, which he believed to be a corolla :
from what he says of the fruit, it may he conjectured, that Calyptronoma will be distinguished
from Geonoma in carpological characters.

17. C. Swartzii, Gr. “Trunk 50-60' high, smooth;” leaf-segments linear-
acuminate, 2-fid ; spadix-branches divided : alveoles hexastichous : lip deltoid-roundish,
eutire ; staminal tube slender, shortly 6-fid.— Elreis occidentalis, Sw. (Geonoma, Kill).
Euterpe sp., Pd. in Kew Museum — The trunk, if confidence is to be put upon Sloane’s and
P. Browne’s synonyms, quoted by Swartz, would be “ as thick as one’s thigh, very hard,
somewhat crooked, with a great swelling at the root leaves “ 5'-10' long : segments
2i'-2' long, 1£" broad at the flat middle, 2-fid to 4"-6" from the point, green, glabrous :
double basilar insertion-line 5'" broad; spadix 2'-3' long, 1" thick at [the base, dissolved
into a few primary branches : the secondary ones 6"-12" long, 2"'-3'" thick : alveoles

distant in each longitudinal series ; inuer spathe flattish, about 2" broad above,
externally smooth, dull-green, red within ; flowers ternate in most alveoles, hall -exserted, 2
lateral usually $ , ‘central ? ; perigonal leaflets of $ lanceolate-oblong, cartilaginous, brownish-
purple, the exterior 1"', the interior 2'" long : staminal tube 3"' long ; ? perigone about 1"'
long : cupule calyptrate : remaining lower part somewhat adhering to the inner perigone.
— ILab. Jamaica !, Pd., in the lower region of the interior hills ; Barbadoes ? {SI.) ; [South-
eastern Cuba!, Wr. 1466].

Subtribe IV. MANIC ART EJE. — Fi -ait 2,-1-pyrenous : putamen thick: each with a
single pore at the embryo-cavity. Leaves entire or pinnatisect: segments redupli-
cate.

11. MANICARIA, G.

Perigone exterior and interior 3-phyllous or exterior -S 3-partite. Stamens numerous, ru-
dimentary ones in $ . Ovary 3-cellcd: stigmas 3, sessile, terminal. Fruit dry, cchinatc-
verrucose, slightly 3-1-lobed : each putamen with a single, basilar pore. Albumen entire,
)10]10W. — Unarmed, arboreous palms; leaves pinnatineryed, entire, or pinnatisect; spadix
axillary, simply branched, pyramidal: spathe resembling a bonnet, dissolved into reticu-
lated, elastic fibres ; flowers 'monoecious in the same spadix, sunk into the concavities of
the rhachis : bracts marginal, spreading.

18. M. Flukenetii, Gr. and Wendl. Leaves obovatc, 2-fid (with an angle of 40° at
the extremity), inciso-dcutate above, pinnatisect below : lower segments linear or oblong-

PALM.®.

519

linear, somewhat distant ; exterior $ perigone 3-part.ite, half as long as the interior ; warts
of the epicarp depressed. — P taken. Phytogr. t. 323. f. 3 : the fruit. The character or
the warts is taken from Plukenet’s figure and Surinam-specimens. M. saccilera, Mart,
(t. 98, 99), has entire, oblong leaves, almost truncate at the summit : their teeth are equal
to those of the upper part of our leal) but their nerves are said to be twice as much distant
(1"). Our leaf (perhaps only the upper part of one) is almost 3' long, 2' broad, entire from
the summit to about the middle, with the midribs of the teeth distant from each other :
the lower part consists of obliquely adnate segments, 2-5 of them united iuto a cohering or
lacerate blade, rarely single, these blades or single segments distant from each other for
spaces often above 1" (“ from the beginning,” Cr.). In the spadix and flowers no difference
from M. saccifera was observed, except in the £ perigone : its exterior leaflets roundish (1
diam.), much imbricated, shortly cohering at the truncate base, interior ovate-oblong (2''
long), valvate. Conical spathe ii-' long, gradually acuminate (not poiutleted, as in Jacquiu s
figure aud specimens of M. saccifera) ; fruit 3-1-globose : each pyrena 2"' diam. Hab.
Trinidad !, Cr., at Irais ; [Guiana !]. The fruit of Manicaria is often carried by currents to
the shores of Barbadoes ( Plulcen .) aud Jamaica (SI.) : the latter is unknown to me ; and it is
to be established, to which species the Manicaria, existing at Carthagena and in Panama,
may belong.

Tribe II. COCOINEM— Fruit monopyrenous, l-3(-6 )-celled: putamen 3(-6 )-porous.

■ — Leaves pinnatisect, rarely pinnatinerved -entire : segments reduplicate or flattish; flowers

unisexual, usually monoecious in the same spadix ; albumen entire.

12. DESMONCUS, Mart.

Pengone exterior small, subtruncate or 3-dentate, interior $ 3-phyllous, ? urceolate, sub-
truncate. Stamens 6. Ovary 3(-l)-celled, with 2 cells abortive: no cupule of abortive
stamens : stigmas 3, terminal. JDrupe 1-seeded : putamen 3-porous at the summit. — Stem
arundinaceous, scandent, prickly ; leaves scattered : rhachis produced into a cirrhose ex-
tremity, with its segments transformed into hooks : petiole sheathing : spadix simply
branched, axillary : flowers sessile ; drupes small.

19. D. major, Cr. ms. ( n . sp.). Leaf-segments 20-jugal, linear-acuminate, flattish,
partly clustered : rhachis prickly, covered with a blackish, deciduous tomentum : hooks stout,
6-jugal ; spathe covered with brown prickles. — Inferior leaf-segments 1' long, 5"' broad, un-
armed or with a few, distant prickles on the margin : hooks 3"-l" long, channelled-3-gonai
above the thickened transversely suleate base : rhachis subterete below, with the upper side
flattish, 3-gonal above: its prickles slender, scattered, the longest 6'" long, most smaller;
spathe 1', its prickles 3"'-4"' long. — Hab. Trinidad !, Cr., at Caroui.

13. BACTRIS, Jacq.

Pengone $ exterior 3 -partite or 3-fid, rarely 3-phyllous, interior 3-phyllous; $ exterior
and interior urceolate, subtruncate or 3-dentate. Stamens 6-“ 12.” Ovary 3(-l)-cellcd,
with 2 cells abortive : no 6-dentate cupule: stigmas 3, sessile. Drupe 1-seeded : putamen
laterally 3-porous. — Trunk usually prickly along the leaf-sheaths; leaves often scattered,
but chiefly approximate above, pinnatisect, rarely 2-fid-entire ; spadix simply branched or
simple, axillary ; flowers sessile.

Sect. 1 Eubactris. — (Syn. Sphmrocarpce, Mart.). — Rhachis of the spadix produced.

20. B. simplicifrons, Mart. Wholly devoid of prickles, except on the margin of
the leaf -summits ; trunk low (3-6' high, the leaves included), arundinaceous : leaves 2-fid-
entire: divisions oblong, curved-acute, broadly adnate at the flat base, diverging in an acute
angle ; spadix simple, short, nodding ; inner spathe as long, glabresceut ; drupe small, sub-
globosc. — Mart. Palm. i. 73 C .fig. 1, 2. — Leaf-divisions 10/' — 1 2,f long, 2^-3" broad at
the middle and at the base : prickles black, setaceous, 2W-3W long : petiole 3,,-6,,) spadix
l"-2" long, the latter shortly peduncled ; drupe “red,” 3"' diam., with a truncate point. —
Hab. Trinidad !, Cr., at Irais ; [Venezuela 1, Guiaua !, in moist woods ; equal. Brazil].

520

PALM2E.

21. B. acaxithocnemis, Mart. Trunk “low (3'-4' high), arundinaceous,” prickly at
the leaf-sheatlis : prickles long-setaceous, black ; leaves 2; fid-entire or irregularly cut into
2-3 segments on one or both sides : divisions broadly oblong or narrow, if cat, curved-acute,
with a few marginal prickles or bristles below the point, flat at the aduate base, curved-
diverging in an acute angle : petiole prickly at the base ; spathe unarmed , glabrescent,
spreading from the axil. — Allied to the preceding : spadix probably simple, but abortive in
our specimens ; segments of the 2-fid leaf 1' long, 4"-5" broad, in the cut leaf often distant,
3"-10'" broad : prickles 10"'-6'", petiole 6"-8", spathe 3" long : no peduncle. — Hah.
Trinidad!, Pd.; [Guiana],

22. 3. Pavoniana, Mart. “ Trunk low leaves pinnatisect : segments numerous,
grass-lilce, linear-acuminate or the uppermost broader by cohesion, glaucous and minutely
puberulous or glabrescent beneath, approximate, subequidistant, reduplicate at the base :
rhachis armed with very long black prickles and rare bristles, keeled above. — Flowers un-
known ; leaf-segments (in our specimens, which are cut off, perhaps about the middle of the
rhachis) more than 30-jugal, 3"'-6'" distant, 12"-8" long, 4"'-2'" broad, superior gradually
shorter, the uppermost cohering ones sometimes 6"'-8'" broad : prickles scattered or clustered,
slender, the greatest 2" long. — FIab. Antigua!, Wul/schl., Blubber valley ; [Portorico].

23. B. Plumieriana, Mart. Trunk “caespitose (12-40' high),” densely annulate
with rings of long prickles : all prickles black ; leaves rosular at the summit of the trunk,
pinnatisect : segments lanceolate-linear, acuminate, reduplicate at the transverse base, gla-
brous, inferior approximate in clusters, superior subequidistant, the young armed with small
prickles : rhachis densely prickly ; exterior spathe one-third to one-fourth as long as the in-
terior, armed with accumbent, short prickles, the interior (l'-2' long) densely covered with
long spreading or recurved prickles, twice as long as the spadix ; spadix branched : its pe-
duncle very prickly ; exterior $ perigone minute, much shorter than the interior ; drupe de-
pressed-globose (5'" diam.). — Cocos guineensis, L. {ex syn. SI.), Sw. B. minor, Sw. ( non
Jacq.). — Trunk (in the Kew museum) about 3" thick: the rings of prickles at intervals of
about 6"' throughout its length ; prickles of the leaf-rhnchis 6'", of the peduncles, the ex-
terior spathe and the leaf-segments 3"'-4'", of the interior spathe 2"-3'" long, the latter very
unequal ; leaf-segments 2' long, 1" broad ; spadix-branches 6"-3", inner $ perigone 2'" long.
- — Hab. Jamaica !, Pd., common in the inland woods, Manchester ; [Cuba 1 to French islands].

The following fragments of the same or an allied Badris, sent from Jamaica as B. major,
Jacq., deserve a notice : — 1. Mr. Wilson’s specimen of a' spathe, 7"-S" long : its black
prickles densely parallel, spreading, subequal, 4"'-6'" long ; $ interior perigone 3-4 times as
long as the repand, exterior one. 2. Leaf-segments (sent by Mr. March) 24' long, 16'"
broad, with persistent, 2'" long, setaceous prickles on the margin and midrib, confined chiefly
to its acuminate part.

24. B. Cuesa, Cr.ms. ( n. sp .). Prickles black; leaves large, pinnatisect: segments
broadly lanceolate-linear, shortly acuminate, reduplicate at the obliquely adnate base, gla-
brescent, with small, distant, marginal bristles towards the top, unequidistant : 4-5 equi-
distant in each special series : rhachis prickly , broad, keeled above ; iuner spathe (14' long),
covered with recurved or diverging prickles, shortly exceeding the spadix ; spadix densely
bi’anched : its peduncle prickly; exterior & perigone short, 3 -phyllous, $ half as long as the
interior ; drupe (young) ovoid-globose. — Prickles S'"- 2'" long, setaceous ; leaf-segments 3'
long, 20'"— 18"' broad at the middle, double basilar insertion-line 6"'-4'", rhachis gradually
tapering upwards, inferior part 8'" broad; rhachis of the spadix 6" long above the peduncle,
branches 6"-4" long ; exterior $ perigone f" long : leaflets reniform, interior ones ovate-
oblong, 2'" long, equalling the 6 stamens : rudiment of the pistil subttlobose ; exterior ? pe-
rigone truncate, 1" long, interior minutely 3-deutate, 2'" long, devoid of sterile J parts.
FIab. Trinidad !, Cr., at Maracas, Maraval.

Sect. 2. August; mi a, Karst. (Syn. Oocarpre, Mart.). — Rhachis of the spadix reduced:

branches fascicled at the top of its peduncle. — Leaves pinnatisect : segments equi-
distant.

25. B. Cruegeriana, Or. and Wendl. ( n . sp.). Prickles black ; leaf -segments broadly
lanceolate-linear, shortly acuminate, reduplicate-concave at tbc obliquely aduate base, gla-
brescent, with small accumbent bristles along the margin, and a few on the midrib above

PALMiE.

521

towards its top : rhachis armed with distant, long prickles, keeled above; exterior spathe
unarmed, one-fourth as long as the interior, the latter (1 .V long), 'prickly above, with distant,
slender, spreading prickles, tapering downwards from the middle, unarmed and appressed-
tomentose below it, equalling the spadix ; spadix long-peduncled : peduncle unarmed, pubes-
cent, about as long as the erect branches ; exterior ? perigone nearly as long as the interior ;
« drupe globose (15 '"-18"' diam., Cr.)."— Prickles on the leaf-rhachis 1", on the segments
1'", on the spathe 8"'-6'" long, the latter or the fascicles of them 4"'~6'" distant from each
other; leaf segments 1J'-1' long, 1 2"'-14'" broad, each side of its triangular rhachis 2'"
broad below, upper part of the opened inner spathe 1", inferior 5'" diam. , exterior ^ peri-
gone campanulate, truncate, 2'" long, interior minutely 3-dentate, devoid of sterile $ parts.
— IIab. Trinidad !, Cr., uncommon, at Caroui.

14. ASTROCARYUM, Mey.

Perigone of Bactris : ? flowers distant from the amentaceous $ ones. Stamens 6 (“ or
more”). Ovary of Bactris : stigma 3-lobed. Drupe of Bactris: albumen hollow in the
centre. — Trunk annulate, prickly, randy none. ; leaves rosular at its top; spadix simply
branched : S flowers in the contiguous alveoles of the ament, $ either distant below them,
or inserted into the rhachis : spathe prickly.

26. A. aureum, Or. and Wendl. in. sp.). “Trunk and petioles armed with 6"-12"
long prickles ” (Cr.) ; leaf-segments lanceolate-linear, long-acuminate, shining above, aureate-
olivaceous beneath by appressed, deciduous down between the green nerves, with short
prickles along the summit ; spadix (3' long) : branches nodding : $ aments slender, half to
one-tldrd as long as their peduncle : alveoles puberulous : !j? flowers distant along the pe-
duncle of the ament ; £ exterior perigone minute, 3-partite; $ exterior perigone obliquely
ovate, conical, 3-dentate, pubescent, half as long again as the interior, the latter puberulous,
ciliate, 3-dentate. — Nearly allied to A. Tucuma, Mart. (t. 65), but distinguished by the
peculiar down of the leaves, the long-peduncled aments, and a few minute characters in the
flower. Leaf-segments rigid, reduplicate, 4' long, 2" broad : prickles black, those of the
rhachis 4'", of the leaves 1'"— 2'" long ; S aments 6"— 4" long, 3'" thick, !j? flowers 6'"
long, about 1" distant from each other, sunk into a cupular bract ; $ perigone with the ex-
terior segments deltoid, subentire, the interior leaflets spathulate-oblong, exceeded by the
stamens ; $ perigone hard, whitish. — Hab. Trinidad!, Bye, Cr., at Irais.

15. ACROCOMIA, Mart.

Perigone exterior and interior 3-phyllons : ? flowers distant below the amentaceous $ ones.
Stamens 0. Ovary of Bactris, but surrounded by a 6-dentate cupule : stigmas 3. Drupe
1 -seeded : putameu 3-porous about the middle. — Trunk arboreous, densely prickly; leaves
rosulate at its summit : petiole and rhachis prickly ; spadix simply branched : $ flowers
in the contiguous alveoles of the ament, ? distant, sessile along its peduncle.

27. A. sclerocarpa, Mart. “ Trunk thickened at the base ;” leaf-segments narrowly
linear, acuminate, reduplicate-convolute, puberulous-glaucescent beneath ; spathe (3'-l.V'
long) densely covered with black prickles, glabrescent ; drupe globose (1-J" diam.). — Mart.
Palm. t. 56. — Trunk 15' (St.) -30' (Mart.) high ; leaf-segments 24' long, 4'" broad : prickles
of their rhachis l£"-2", of the spathe 6"'-8'" long; spadix-branches 1', <? part 10"-8"
long. — Hab. Jamaica!, Wits. ; Grenada (Kew Mas.) ; Trinidad!, Cr. ; [Guiana!, Brazil],

28. A. lasiospatha, Mart. “Trunk tapering from the ventrieose middle part to the
base; leaf-segments linear, villous beneath;” spathe (4'-2' long), densely rusty-villous, de-
void of (“ or sparingly armed with ”) prickles ; peduncle of the spadix armed with long,
black prickles; “drupe depressed-globose” (SI., Mart.) —Cocos aculeata, Sw. (non Jacq.).
C. fusiformis, Sw. — “ Trunk 30'— 10' high : prickles in rings, approximate, 1" long drupe
“ shape of a wild apple ” (Si.). — IIab. Jamaica!, Wils., in savannahs; Barbadoes; [Haiti
to Guiana].

Io Aiphanes, W. (Martinezia. Mart.), a genus distinguished from Acrocomia by sessile,
not amentaceous $ flowers, belongs the Grigri Palm of Martinique, under which name fibres
were sent, from Grenada. This is A. corallina, Wendl. ms. (Martinezia, Mart.), a prickly
palm with the trunk 20' high, and “ red, globose drupes of 0"'-8'" diam.” (Jacq. Amer.

522

PALM2E.

Viet. t. 263. f. 89). — Acrocomia globosa, Lodd. (introduced from S. Vincent) is according
to Wendland also an Aiphanes, compared on account of its “linear, truncate leaf-segments,”
though doubtfully, by v. Martius with Acroc. fusiformis, Mayc., FI. Barbad.

16*. ELiEIS, Jacq.

Flowers monoecious, <? and $ in distinct spadices, sunk into alveoles. Terigone exterior
and interior of distinct leaflets. Stamens 6, monadelphous. Ovary 3-celled : stigmas 3.
Drupe 1 (-3)-seeded : putamen 3-porons near the summit. Albumen hollow in the centre.
— Arboreous palms ; trunk unarmed, but covered with spiny, persistent petioles ; spadix
simply branched ; branches conglobate , amentaceous.

29*. E. g-uineensis, L. Leaf-segments linear-lanceolate ; branches of the spadix pro-
duced beyond the flowers iuto subulate spines: spines long in the ? aments, shorter in $,
$ aments cylindrical; bracts of the superior $ flowers exceeding them, spiuescent. — Jacq.
Araer. Piet. t. 257. Mart. Palm.t.'ak. — Trunk “ 20'-30' high;” leaf-segments 3'-li'
long : spadix ovoid, about 1' long : terminal spines in $ 8'", in 9 2"-l" ; drupe ovoid, 1"-
2" long. — Hab. Naturalized and cultivated in Jamaica!, Kew Mus., Antigua!, Wullschl.,
Trinidad !, Or. ; [Guiana ! and Brazil, introduced from trop. Africa] .

17*. COCOS, L.

Perigone exterior and interior 3-leaved. Stamens 6, included. Ovary 3(-l)-celled:
stigmas 3. Fruit woody, 1-seeded : putamen 3-porous at the base, 3-cristate at the summit.
Albumen hollow. — High unarmed palms ; spadix simply branched.

30*. C. nucifera, L. “ Trunk (60-80' high) fiexuose, unequally annulate, thickened
at the base; leaves spreading: segments narrowly linear-lanceolate, acuminate;” 7 (lowers
subglobose ; nuts large, subtrigonal-ovate. — Jacq. Amer. Piet. t. 253. Pass. FI. 4. t. 34.
Desc. FI. 1. t. 21, 22. — Hap. Cultivated aud naturalized in Jamaica (SI.), Antigua!,
Wullschl., and other islands, along the seashore, [and in most tropical countries : origin,
western coast of Panama].

18. ATTALEA, Kth.

Character of Cocos, but nut 3(2-5)-celled, 3(-5)-porous at the base : putamen rugose.

31. A. Cohune, Mart. Nut ovoid, shortly beaked at the top : putamen “ 3-celled.”
— Mari. Palm. t. 167. IV. : the fruit, the only as yet known organ. — Nut brown, roughish,
2 if long, 1 if broad : beak compressed-conical, 4'" long. — Hab. Jamaica I, Kew Museum ;
[Honduras] .

19. SYAGltUS, Mart.

Character of Cocos, but inuer side of the putamen rugose, except iu three smooth bauds.
— “ Pericarp somewhat pulpy’’

32. S. amara , Mart. “ Trunk (50'-bcyond 100' high) annulate ; leaf-segments linear,
acuminate ; interior leaflets of $ perigone linear-oblong; $ flowers ovate-globose \ fruit ovoid-
oblong, blunt at both ends (3" long).— Mart. Palm. t. 166. II. — Cocos, Jacq. — “ Habit of
Cocos nucifera” (Jacq) — Hab. Jamaica !, Kew Mas. : the spadix and a drawing of the
fruit ; Caribbean islands (Jacq.), in mountain-woods.

20. MAXIMILIANA, Mart.

Character of Cocos, but fruit drupaceous, with a smooth, pointed putamen. — Flowers ap-
proximate, S amentaceous, 9 few, below the former.

33. IVI. caribaea, Gr. and Wendl. (n. sp). Leaf-segments broadly linear, eroded-
bluntish, unequidistant, 4-5 in each special series ; superior spadix-branches $ , inferior an-
drogynous ; <j? flowers ovate-oblong, about 6 below the S ament, unilateral ; stamens much
longer than the perigone : anthers wholly exserted, long linear, curved ; ? perigone half as

COMMELYNEiR.

523

long again as the bracts. — Habit of M. regia, Mart. (t. 95), but leaf-segments broader, little
tapering towards the eroded point. Leaves large, pale-green : segments long, 2"

broad, reduplicate, obliquely inserted at the double base, densely veiny with transverse veins :
sides of the rhachis flattish, 1" broad ; g perigone l'^long: exterior leaflets deltoid, interior
much longer, ovate-oblong, blunt : filaments anthers 5m— 3W long ; ¥ perigone 9'" long,
ovate-oblong, cartilaginous, pale, glabrous : bracts 3, appressed, broadly ovate, imbricate :
exterior leaflets ovate, bluntish, as long as the interior, imbricate, interior ovate-oblong,
twice as long as the truncate capsule ; ovary slightly tomentose : style short, 3-partite ;
stigmas revolute.— H ab. S. Kitts !, Kew Museum; Trinidad!, Cr.

CXXXII. COMMELYNEJ1.

Flowers complete : calyx and corolla mostly 3-phyllous. Stamens 6, or fewer by abortion,
usually hypogynous. Ovary syncarpous : cells few— 1-ovulate : style simple. Capsule
usually loeulicide. Albumen amylaceous, bearing the embryo in a special, peripherical
cavity, which is closed by an operculum. — -Herbs ; leaves entire : blade inserted into a
sheath.

1. DICHORISANDRA, Mile.

Calyx and corolla persistent. Stamens 6-5 ; anthers opening by a terminal pore. Ovary
3-celled ; cells few-ovulate. Capsule baccate, 3-valved. — Stem leafy ; flowers blue, fascicled
in a flexuose raceme.

1. D. Aubletiana, R. S. Trailing-diffuse, downy chiefly on the sheaths and pedicels ;
leaves oblong, pointleted, rounded at tbe base, glabrous, subciliolate ; raceme short, terminal ;
petals bluntly obovate, violet-blue; aril “ orange-coloured.”— Aubl. t. 12.— Commelyna
hexandra, Aubl. Tradescantia divaricata, F.— 3'-4' high ; leaves 5"-2" long
broad. — Hab. Trinidad!, Cr. ; [Venezuela to Brazil !].

2. CAMPELIA, Rich.

Calyx unequal, succulent in fruit. Corolla persistent. Stamens G. Ovary 3-celled •
cells 2-ovulate. Capsule 3-valved, included within the calyx.— Stem leafy ; peduncles axil-
lary, perforating the base of the sheath, terminated by a contracted umbel : involucre 2-
leaved ; flowers white.

v 2;1C' Zanoma; Ru;h- Leaves lanceolate-oblong, acuminate, downy beneath and at the
1/'ng>,exceeded by the leaves; involucral leaves subcordate, acuminate —
i 1 * •-Coralrae|yna. L. Tradescantia, Sw.~ 2'-4' high ; larger leaves 6"-7" long •
umbels 6-10-ttowered : pedicels thickish, short; filaments pilose.-HAB. Jamaica !, Pd.
March, in mountam-woods ; [Cuba ! and Mexico ! to Brazil !].

3. TRADESCANTIA, L.

Calyx

ovulate.

meral.

and corolla equal, persistent. Stamens 6(-3).' Ovary 3-celled: cells 2- or 5-1-
Upsule membranaceous, 3-valved.-Elowers in simple or branched umbels, ephe-

§ 1. Involucre minute, membranaceous ; umbels peduncled, cymose, or fascicled
( 'solitary), often few flowered .

date • ^'heaf^niW^l ',aCrR Diffuse, hairy ; leaves cordate-ovate or ovate-oblong, cuspi-
5 ,rbel9 f7-iloWfred, cy,nose. or paniculate; sepals small,
anther- cells globose, disUni c fil,Jenls :

Sepals 1"' long, equalling the petals f' ^ ^ ^ L J5’~

a. leaves cordate-ovate (l'U" long), hairy.

t 34-7floribunda Ktf W-W' long), less hairy.- Marl. FI. Bras. 15.

• ,lonl)unda, Kth. Collis.a umbellulatn, Sieb. Mart, {non Lam.)

2 M

524

COMM ELY NE/E.

Hab. Antigua !, Wulhehl. (a), Dominica ! (0), S. Vincent !, Guild. ; Trinidad !, Cr., Gulf
islands (a), Marattas (0) : [Cuba! and Mexico to Brazil!].

4. T. elongata, May. Ascending, glabrescent ; leaves oblong-lanceolate, pointed :
sheath pilose-ciliate ; umbels contracted : peduncle slender; sepals oblong, blunt, glabres-
cent, much longer than the pedicels, as long as the rosy petals ; filaments equal, pilose :
anther-cells oblong, distant. — T. guianensis, Miq. — Leaves 2"-3", sepals H'"iong. — Hab.

5. Vincent!, Guild. ; [New Granada!, Ecuador!, Guiana!].

5. T. multiflora, Sw. Ascending, glabrescent; leaves ovate, subcordate-rounded at
the base, pointed: sheath pilose-ciliate ; umbels fascicled-single, terminal and axillary: pe-
duucle hairy, shorter than the leaf; sepals ovate, pointed, hairy, about as long as the pedi-
cel, equalling the white petals; filaments 3, hairy above, 3 shorter glabrous : anther-cells
subglobose, diverging. — Jacq. Ic. Rar. t. 355. — T. procumbens, W. — Leaves 1"— 2", sepals
V" long. — Hab. Jamaica !, all coll., in moist places ; [Venezuela !, New Granada !].

6. T. umbellata, V. Ascending, glabrescent ; leaves lauceolate-oblong, uppermost
ovate, pointed: sheath pilose-ciliate, loose; umbels terminal, fascicled; sepals ovate-oblong,
pointed, glandular -hairy , about as long as the pedicel, equalling the white petals ; filaments

6, all glabrous, 3 shorter: anther-cells elliptical-oblong, parallel, approximate. — Leaves
3"- 2", sepals lVH long.- — Hab. Trinidad!, Or. ; [equat. Brazil!].

§ 2. Involucre of 2{-“ 3 ”) large, conduplicate leaves, including a sessile umbel. —
Nearly steraless ; leaves rosulate : scapes (peduncles) axillary. ( Rhoso , Hance.)

7. T. discolor, Su>. Glabrous ; leaves oblong-linear, pointed, purple beneath, much
longer than the scapes ; involucral leaves cordate-roundish, pointed, exceeding the many-
flowered, bracteolate umbel ; sepals membranaceous, little exceeding the white petals ; fila-
ments pilose: anthers obcordat e.—Sm.Ic.Rar.t. 10.— Leaves 8"-12", scapes 2", involucre
1", sepals 2"' long. — Hab. S. Vincent!, Guild., introduced into Jamaica (Sw.) ; [Guade-
loupe !, on rocks] .

4. CALLTSIA, L.

Calyx 2-3-phyllous, persistent. Corolla 2-3-pliyllous, deciduous. Stamens 3-1 : fila-
ments glabrous. ‘ Ovary 2-3-celled : cells 2-ovulate. Capsule membranaceous, 2-3-valved.

-Creeping or ascending, delicate, small-leaved herbs ; flowers small, white , fascicled.

(■single) or glomerate.

8. C. repens, L. Leaves cordate-deltoid, clasping at the base, cuspidate, ciliate, shorter
than the internode; flowers glomerate in the axils ; sepals 3, unequal; stamens 3; capsule
2-celled: valves oblong; seeds depressed-trapezoid, rugose.— Jacq. Amer. Piet. t. 14.—
Tradescantia Callisia, Sw.— Leaves 6 "'-12'" long.— Hab. Antigua!, Wulhehl. ; Trinidad!,

Cr.; [Haiti to French islands ; Venezuela! to Brazil !].

9. C. umbellulata, Lam. Leaves ovate, rounded at the base, cuspidate ; flowers in
few-flowered fascicles along the subaphyllous summit of the branches ; sepals 2-3, equal ;
stamens l-2(-3) ; capsule 2-3-celled : valves roundish seeds depressed-orbicular, slightly
ruo-ose-striate. — Tradescantia monandra aud cordifolia, Sw.! C. monandra, R. S. —Leaves
4'/F-S"'(-12'") long. — LIab. Jamaica 1, Sw., among grasses in the mountains; [Cuba, and

Venezuela 1 to Peru!].

5. COMMELYNA, L.

Calyx unequal. Corolla deciduous. Stamens 3 fertile : 3-2 sterile, with a cross-shaped,
rudimentary anther. Ovary 3-eelled : 2 cells 2-, the third 1-ovulate Capsule membrana-
ceous 2-valved : the third cell closed or abortive.— Peduncles 2 -fid, bearing a conduplicate
or cucullate bract at the division : one of the two branches $ , sterile, or abortive.

10 C. cayennensis, Rich. Creeping, glabrous; leaves small, ovate-oblong or oblong-
lanceolate: sheath loose, ciliate; bract conduplicate, cordate-ovate pointed: both special
nednncles flowered ; corolla blue, unequal, small; seeds serobiculate. R. P. It. law. t.
72 a—C. agraria, Kth., polygama, Schlecht., glabra. Meg. esseq. /, gracilis, A P— Leaves
{w_2"f-3") bracts 6'"— 12'" long. — IIab. Jamaica!, Wulhehl.; S. Kitts 1, Els., in culti-
vated grounds ; Trinidad 1, Sch. ; [Missouri 1 to Brazil ! ; Galapagos 1 ; Canary islands !, trop.
Africa].

XYR1DE7E.

525

11. C. persicarifolia, DC. Ascending, glabrous; leaves oblong-lanceolate, acumi-
nate, oblique above the minutely contracted base : sheath closed, rusty-ciliate ; bract condu-
plicate, orbicular with a minute point, ciliate at the base : both special peduncles flowered ;
“corolla blue, subequal.” — Red. Lit. 8. t. 472. — l'-H' high ; leaves 3"-5" long ; bract 1"
diam. : one of the special peduncles exserted. — Hab. Trinidad !, Cr. ,- [Cuba !].

12. C. elegans, Kth. Diffuse, puberulous ; leaves elliptical-lanceolate or lanceolate,
pointed, contracted at the base : sheath ciliate ; bract turbinate-cucullate, with a deltoid
point .- one of the special peduncles abortive ; corolla blue or white, unequal ; seeds smooth.
— Mart. FI. Bras. 15. t. 37. f. 2: analyt. — Leaves 1 long; bract 8"'-10", diam,;
larger petals 4"' long —Hab. Jamaica!, March, Wullschl. ; Antigua!, Wullschl.; Trinidad!,
Cr. ; [Cuba! to Brazil],

6. RAPATEA, Aubl.

Calyx surrounded by imbricated, scaly bracts. Corolla 3-lobed. Stamens 6, inserted
into the corolla : anthers with a terminal appendage. Ovary 3-celled : cells 1-ovulate.
Capsule membranaceous, 3-valved. — Stemless bog-plants; leaves rosular, distichous, ensate ;
flower-heads or umbels supported by a 2-partite, compressed involucre ; corolla yellow.

13. R. paludosa, Aubl. Scape compressed, 2-winged towards the thickened summit ;
leaves linear-lanceolate, narrowly acuminate, long-tapering at the base; segments of the in-
volucre subulate, exceeding the umbel : bracts oblong, acuminate ; anthers linear ; appen-
dage purple.— A ubl. t. 118. — Leaves 2-5' long, exceeding the scape. — Hab. Trinidad !, Cr.,
in swampy woods ; [Guiana ! to Brazil],

CXXXIII. XYRIDE2E.

Flowers complete. Stamens 3, epipetalous or hypogynous. Ovary free ; ovules oo , atro-
pous. Capsule 3-valved. Albumen amylaceous : embryo free at its summit. — Rush-like
herbs ; flowers usually in heads.

1. XYRIS, L.

Sepals 3, glumaceons : 2 keeled, the third clasping, deciduous. Petals 3, cohering by
their slender claws. ^ Stamens epipetalous, alternating with plumose (-2-fid) sterile filaments :
anthers extrorse. Style 3-fid. Capsule 1-celled. — Leaves most rosular, ensate ; flowers in
heads single flowers in the axils of coriaceous bracts.

Sect. 1. Euxykis, Endl.— Capsule medianicide .- seeds very numerous , along the middle

line of the valves.

1. X. communis, Kth. Glabrous; stem l-angled, subcompressed at the thickened
summit; leaves grass-like, linear acuminate, with a bluntish point, exceeded by the stem •
head ovoid, many flowered: bracts obovate roundish, shining, entire: dorsal area ovate-
teel of the lateral sepals villous-ciliate above.— Marl. Ft. Bras. 15. t. 29.— X. Sellowiana’
Kth. X. laxifolia. Mart. — 1'-3' high; leaves somewhat flaccid, 4"'-2'" broad,- coroEa yel-

JoT'~Hab- Trinidad!, Pd., Lockh., Cr., in all moist savannahs; [Venezuela! to Monte-
video !].

Sect. 2. Nematopus, Seub —Seeds free from, the capsule-valves: funiculi erect, central.

2. X glabrata, Or. Nearly glabrous; stem filiform, angular, much longer than the
ieaves ; leaves narrowly linear, acuminate : sheath often with marginal wool at its base •
head globose-ovoid, 4-8 -flowered: bracts oval, bluntish or emarginate-mucronate, slightly

inner "TT' \ V16 anceolate dorsal areil of the interior ones confined to the

rWr I 0fv1C ntcra . 8Cpals hwpidalous-lacerate above.— X. amcricana, V. (ex

tZ f Z, \ X. savancnsis, 0. glabrata, ^^.-Distinguished from the similar X

not entire’ f'T h leaves- and th(! intcrior hracts narrower, less rounded, and

teJ WlAA >>,gh 1-leaved above the base; rosular leaves 3"-4" long, $"’-¥»

Aript’; [Guiana, <Brazi|:J.r0Ua 0be8 obll(luel-v 9Pathulate. Hab. Trinidad I, Cr., Savannah do

2 m 2

526

RESTI AOB/E.

3. X. americana , Aubl. Glabrous; stein low, filiform, subcylindrical, much longer
than the short leaves; leaves setaceous-filiform ; head small, ovate-oblong, 2-A-flowered ;
bracts ovate-lanceolate, pointed or bluntish, entire : dorsal area oblong-linear ; keel of the
lateral sepals smooth. — Aubl. t. 14. — X. cmrulea, Lam. Abolboda Aublelii, Kih. — Habit of
X. tenetla, Kth. (FI. Bras. 15. t. 28. f. 3), which is said to have broader leaves and hispi-
dulous sepals. 4"-5" high ; leaves very narrow, 6"'-10'", head long ; corolla “blue ;”
stigmas capitate ; capsule ellipsoidal, 1-celled : central funiculi numerous, the interior two-
thirds as long as the valves. — Hab. Trinidad !, Pd., Savannah de Aripo ; [Guiana 1, Brazil !].

2. MAYACA, Aubl.

Sepals 3, herbaceous. Petals 3, distinct. Stamens alternating with the petals : anthers
opening at the summit. Style simple. Capsule 1-celled : seeds costate, inserted along the
middle line of the valves. — Moss-like, creeping, or floating, leafy herbs ; leaves 1 -nerved,
spreading i peduncles axillary, \-flowered.

4. M. fluviatilis, Aubl. Leaves linear-acuminate or notched at the apex ; peduncles
spreading, half as long again or twice as long as the leaves ; petals “ white ;” anthers at
length 1-celled, corniculate at the summit, opening below it by a broad foramen ; capsule
8-6-seeded. — Aubl. t. 15. — M. Aubletii, Schott., Endl. — Branches 2"~0", leaves 3"', sepals
and capsule 2'" long. — -Hab. Jamaica !, Al., March ; Trinidad 1, Pd., Cr., iu wet places and
running streams of the savannahs ; [Guiana, Brazil !].

CXXXIY. RESTIACEzE.

Flowers glumaceous : perigone usually 2-seriate. Stamens 6-3. Ovary free, syncarpous,
rarely apocarpous : cells 1-ovulate : ovule pendulous, atropous. Seed of Xyridece. — Rush-
like herbs : flowers clustered in the axils of bracts, often unisexual.

1. ERIOCAULON, L.

Inflorescence androgynous. Perigone exterior 3-2-phyllous, interior $ 3-2-lobed, ? 3-2-
phyllous (“ rarely none”). Stamens 6-4, at the summit of the perigouial tube : anthers 2-
celled. Style 3-2-fid : stigma simple. Capsule loculicide. — Leaves grass-like, often pel-
lucid, usually r'osular ; scape (or peduncle) simple, included at the base within a closed
sheath ; flowers in a terminal, contracted, dense umbel ; interior perigone mostly with a
gland at the lobes.

1. E. caesium, Gr. ( n.sp .). Stem long, submerged, leafy; leaves hair-shaped, flexuose,
1 -nerved, internally partitioned, pellucid ; peduncles numerous at the summit of the stem,
3-4 times as long as the 3-4-dentate sheath ; heads (l'" diatn.) lurid-grey, densely puberu-
lous at the summit of the flowers ; exterior bracts roundish, glabrous ; $ flowers 6-audrous,
? interior perigone glabrous, glandular; seeds ovoid-oblong, nearly smooth. — Distinguished
from the allied E. melanocephalum, Kth., and the East Indian E. setaceum , L., by the
sheath, the bracts, and the down of the heads. Stem 4"-6" long, floating with the peduncles
incurved, covered its whole length by densely approximate, 1 "-2" long leaves ; most pedun-
cles 3"-4" long ; head depressed-globose ; flowers much exceeding the exterior bracts, ? nu-
merous, as long as their pedicel, $ exterior, shortly pedicellate ; 3 exterior perigonal leaflets
obovate, puberulous above, 3 interior $ lobes as long as the filiform tube, unequal, oblong,
slightly puberulous at -the glaudular extremity, 3 interior $ leaflets oblong-liuear.- Hab.
Trinidad 1, Cr., in savanuahs, Aripa, Omara.

E. Humboldtii, Kth. (a large, terrestrial species), and Papalanthus fasciculahts, Kth.
(3-androus), occur in Mr. Purdie’s Trinidad collection : but of both Mr. Crueger doubts this
locality, while both are widely diffused on the continent.

2. TONINA, Aubl.

Inflorescence androgynous. Perigone exterior 3 -phylloU3, interior <? pyriform, 3-dentatc,

GRAMINEiE.

527

3-androns, $ abortive : the rudiments long-hairy. Ovary 3-coccous, with as many central,
sterile pistils ; style 3-fid : stigma 2-fid. Carpids inedianicide. — Stems long, leafy, creep-
ing, or “floating leaves recurved-spreading , broadly linear-acuminate, bearded-ciliate at
the clasping base ; peduncles short, lateral, simple, exceeded by the basilar bract ; flowers
in a pea-sized cluster, exceeded by the oblong, cuspidate, glumaceous, hairy bractlets, $ and
? in pairs, the former pedicellate.

2. T. fluviatilis, Aubl. Stem 4"-12", leaves peduncle long ; glumes

brownish, membranaceous. — Hab. Trinidad 1, Or. : [Guiana, Brazil !].

CXXXY. GBAMINEiE.

Flowers in spikelets, apetalous, enclosed by glumaceous bracts : the primary bracts (the
glumes) distichous along the axis (the rbachis), the secondary (the palea?) alternating with
the former, single below the minute 2 (3-0) sepals (the lodicuhe), usually 2-nerved. Stamens
usually 3, hypogynous. Ovary simple : ovule single, lateral : style mostly 2-cleft : stigmas
bearing collecting hairs. Fruit a caryopsis. Embryo on the outside of the amylaceous al-
humeu, with a dorsal appendage (the scutellum). — Stem (culm ) jointed : internodes hol-
low: leaves distichous : sheath split, often with a stipular appendage (the ligult •) at the
base of the blade ; spikelets paniculate or spicate.

The Cerealia, or corn-plants, cultivated in the West Indies, are : maize, or Indian corn
[Zed), Guinea-corn (Sorghum), Chinese corn ( Setaria ita/ica), millet ( Panicum miliaceum),
rice ( Oryza sativa), the latter rarely, Panicum maximum is cultivated for fodder. Excel-
lent pasture-grasses are Panicum molle, Paspalum compressum and notatum (while other
Paspala, e.g. P. conjugat.um and fi/iforme, are refused by cattle), Afithephora elegans.
In the sugar-cane (Saccliarum officinarum) and some other grasses the gum of the sap
is replaced by sugar. An aromatic principle exists in Vetiveria. Silex is abundant in the
nodes of the bamboo (Bambusa), and it occurs generally in the leaf-sheaths. The bamboo
affords fibre, and is, as well as cane ( Arundo ), employed for thatches, poles, and living
fences.

In the description of the bracts of grasses I adopt here the terms lately proposed by Mr.
A. Brown, as being more in accordance with the homologous organs of Cyperacece . Hence
all bracts proceeding from the rbachis of the spikelet are called glumes (comprising “glumse
ct pale® inferiores of former authors), while the term palea is confined to the special bract-
let of the flower (formerly “palea superior”). The glumes again are either sterile (formerly
“glum® et flores steriles inferiores”), or fertile (“pale® inferiores”), or imperfect (“ flores
aboitivi superiores ). I he number of flowers is to be determined from such glumes only
as are provided with sexual organs.

i iiibe I. POACLFE, //. Br. lowest or single fertile glume placed above the lowest sterile
glume of the spikelet : rhachis usually jn-oduced beyond the uppermost, often imperfect

Subtribe 1. BAMBJJSE2E. — Spikelets inserted into the excavated axis. Sterile

glumes usually more than two, fertile coriaceous. Stamens mostly 6 or more. Stigmas
projecting from the flower at' or below its summit. Embryo minute. — Stem mostly

1. PAR1ANA, Aubl.

$ Pcdicellate> dor-sally compressed, whorled around the central ses-
Tripmltrnnn ,CC 8 * ? e( ’ co^^nnn- Sterile glumes of $ 2, obliquely lateral herbaceous, of 2

e-rassel wa/ a"d palea of ? indurated : stigmas 2, sessile.— Shrubby

gi asses ; leaves broad ; clusters of spikelets in a contiguous spike.

v 1 1 1 m (>«* 1 i h ^ 3 1 r, ^4 1 ^ U'K pedicels pubescent, chiefly at the base; <? sterile

snechs T i v 10 <lower> ^nceolate-acuminate.— ' The leaves of the Brazilian

ins rcrin' ” • ' ' ' '‘V • °ieS’ °^onS> acuminate, acute at the base, scabrous at the

rgin . our specimen is devoid of leaves, presenting scapes, rooting at the branched base,

528

GRAMINEA

covered almost to the summit with vcntricose, acuminate sheaths : hence the determination
of the species requires coufirmation. Spike 2" long; stamens 20-30. — Hab. S. Vincent!,
Guild, (perhaps introduced) ; [Brazil],

2. GUADUA, Kth.

Spilcelets cylindrical, many-flowered : glumes in a spiral order, more than 2 of the inferior
ones sterile, several imperfect, Palea convex. Stamens 0. Style 3(-“ 2 ”)-partite. — Stem
arboreous ; spilcelets usually clustered, often branched from the lowest glumes : internodes
of the rhaekis broad.

2. G. lat.ifolia, Kth. Spikelets clustered, long, acuminate, curved ; glumes striate’
somewhat shining, ciliate, superior gradually longer and tapering. — Humb. PL Equin. t. 21-
— Bambusa, Humb. — Stem “24' high, nodding at the summit;” leaves “linear-oblong’
glabrous at the margin : sheaths with rigid bristles at the summit ;” spikelets 2"-3" long,
2i'" diam. — Hab. Trinidad !, Pd. ; [Venezuela],

3*. BAMBUSA, Schreb.

Spikelets laterally compressed, many-flowered : rhaekis slender : glumes distichous, more
than 2 of the inferior ones sterile, many, or several imperfect. Palea convex, ciliate.
Stamens 6. Caryopsis lanceolate. — Stein arboreous or shrubby ; spikelets usually branched
from, the lowest glumes, often clustered.

3*. B. vulgaris, Schrad. ! Branches striate ; leaves oblong-linear or lanceolate-
acuminate, rounded at the base, scabrous at the margin and beneath : sheath striate to
the base; spikelets oblong-lanceolate, acuminate; glumes ciliate, many-nerved, striate
chiefly above, superior oblong-lanceolate, abruptly passing into the inferior sterile ones,
several fertile; style long, pubescent, 3-2-fid or simple. — Kth. Revis. t. 73, 74. Rupr.
Bambus.f. 47. — B. Thouarsii, Kth. B. arundiuacea, Ait. ( non lioxb.) — Stem “ 20-30'
high, unarmed ;” largest leaves T' long, 2" broad, those of the younger shoots 6'' long, 6"'-
8''' broad ; spikelets deusely-clustered-solitary, straw-coloured, 6"'-10'" long. — Hab. Natu-
ralized and cultivated in Jamaica!, M‘Nab, S. Kitts !, Trinidad!, Pd., Cr., but no document
exists in our collections that any Bambusa is of American origin, as was believed of this
species by former authors ; [East Indies].

4#. B. Sieberi, Gr. Branches shining, not striate; leaves lanceolate-acuminate,
rounded at the base, slightly scabrous at the margin and beneath : sheath striate above, less
striate below ; spikelets obloug-lauceolate, acuminate; glumes ciliate, many-nerved, striate
near the summit, superior oblong-lanceolate, gradually passing into the inferior sterile ones,
several fertile ; style long, pubescent, 2-fid or simple. — B. arundiuacea, Sieb. Mart. B. su-
rinamensis, Rupr. Bomb. f. 49 ? — Perhaps a form ot the preceding : the same occurs among
B. arundiuacea in J. D. Hooker’s collection as a cultivated Bamboo of the East Indies.
Leaves glaucesceut, 6" long, 8'"— 9"' broad ; spikelets usually 2-3-partite, shining, straw-
coloured, 5'"— 8"' long.— Hab. Naturalized and cultivated in Jamaica 1, A/., Dist. ; [Mexico 1,
Guiana 1, Brazil 1 ; East Indies !]

4. STREPTOGYNE, P. B.

Spilcelets cylindrical, 2—1 (—several) flowered, shortly pedicellate : rhaekis produced be-
yond the flowers. Two inferior glumes sterile, unequal : the lowest interior, half as long as
the second. Flower exserted, cartilaginous-coriaceous: its glume convolute, awned : awn
terminal, straight. Palea enclosed, 2-dentate. Stamens “ 3. Stigmas 3(- 2 ), long
exserted, spirally twisted, persistent. Caryopsis linear, cylindrical, with a longitudinal fur-
row. Embryo minute. — A stout, smooth, herbaceous (or “woody”) grass; leaves very long,
linear ; spilcelets distant in a long, straight, spiciform raceme ; sterile glumes persistent at
the furrows of the pubcrulous axis ; caryopsis deciduous with the flower : several often
cohering by their twisted stigmas.

5. S. crinita, P. B. 4'-6' high: leuves as long; spike 2', second glume 5"'-?'">

GllAMINEiE.

529

flowers ]0"'-12"', awn S'"— 10'" long; stigmas brown, setaceous, often exceeding the awn.—
II ab. Trinidad !, C'r., at S. Auns ; [Southern United States, Guiana].

Subtribe 2. FESTUCEIE.— Spikelets pedicellate : no excavation of the axis at the base

of the pedicels.

Division I. BROMEJE.— Spikelets usually more than \-flowered : the uppermost glumes
often imperfect. Axon none or straight. Stigmas projecting laterally from the flower.
Embryo minute.

5. ARTHROSTYLIDITJM, Rupr.

Spikelets laterally compressed, many-flowered : the flowers distant along the jointed rhachis,
with the joints at length seceding : glumes inferior 3-4 sterile, the fertile chartaeeous-
herbaceous, uppermost imperfect. Lodicuhe 3. — Bamboo-like trees or shrubs; spikelets
slender, usually distant in fascicled or terminal racemes.

fi. A. pubescens, Rupr. Internodes scabrous ; leaves lanceolate-acuminate, rounded
at the petioled base, puberulous above, scabrous at the margin : sheath striate, glabrescent,
fimbriate at the summit ; peduncled racemes or flowering branches densely fascicled : spike-
lets distant, shortly pedicellate or subsessile ; glumes lanceolate-acuminate, obsoletely nerved,
about twice as long as the internodes of the rhachis. — Rupr. B ambus, f. 14: analyt. —
Leaves 4"-5" long", 4'"— 9'" broad ; sheath-bristles rusty, 2"' long, deciduous, superior
glumes 4"' long ; upper joints of the rhachis caducous. — IIab. Trinidad!, Lockh., Cr., on
the summit of the mountains, Tocuche.

7. A. excelsum, Gr. {n. sp.) Internodes smooth ; leaves lanceolate-acuminate or ob-
long-lanceolate, rounded at the petioled base, glabrescent, scabrous at the margin : sheath
striate, roughish between the smooth streaks, fimbriate at the summit ; peduncled racemes
fascicled or terminal: spikelets distant, shortly pedicellate; glumes lanceolate-acuminate,
stnate-nerved, about twice as long as the internodes of the rhachis, lowest shorter. — Allied
to the preceding and to A. cubense, Rupr. Stem GO'-SO' high, 6m-12,,( diam. {Pd.) ; leaves
3"-5" long, 9"'-3'" broad ; sheath-bristles tawny, 1'"— 4'" long, deciduous ; spikelets 6-3-
flowered, ^.2,,,-6,,, long : superior glumes 4W long. — Hab. Dominica !, Imr. ; Trinidad, Pd.,
Cr., Las Cuevas hills, Tocuche.

6. CHUSQUEA, Ktli.

Spikelets l(-2)-flowered ; the flower approximate to the sterile glumes : inferior sterile
glumes 3-4 (rarely the 2 lowest abortive), all devoid of a palea, the fertile chartaceous-herba-
ceous. Flower of Arthrostylidium. — Seandent or trailing shrubs, rarely erect and bamboo-
like ; spikelets paniculate or racemose.

8. C. abietifolia, Gr.{n.sp.) Leafy branches fascicled; leaves short, linear-acumi-
nate, mucronate-pointed, rigid, serrulate-scabrous at the thickened margin : sheath ciliate
with the down at length deciduous , ligule none ; racemes short, as long as the leaves,
spreading, nearly simple: axis angular, scabrous; spikelets 5-10, lanceolate-acuminate:
stenle glumes 3, two inferior about half as long as the third, narrow, the latter equalling the
single flower, clasping, 5-nerved, acuminate; fertile glume linear-acumiuate, puberulous, 3-
nerved, a little shorter than the 2-keeled acuminate palea. — “ A high climber ” {P. Br. :
Arundo, nr. 5.) ; interuodes smooth, 3"-5" long, equalling the leafy branches, the older 2'"
diam., those of the branches 1"'— 3"'(— 6"') long ; leaves l"-2'' long, 1 i'"— 2'" broad, subses-
sile, glaucescent : strong midrib prominent beneath, impressed above; pedicels 1'", spikelets
3'" long. — Hab. Jamaica !, Wits. ; [West Indies 1, <S'(0.J.

7. ARUNDO, L.

Spikelets 2-6(-l)-flowered : the rhachis bearded with silky hairs : glumes membrana-
ceous, the 2 (-3) lowest only devoid of a palea. Palea short. Stigmas naked below, pro-
jecting from the flower at its middle or above it. — Herbaceous or arborescent canes, ligular
border ciliate ; spikelets in a large panicle.

530

GHAMINEjE.

Sect. 1. Phragmites, Tr. — Glumes setaceous-acuminate, except the two lowest shorter

ones : flowers hermaphrodite or the lowest $ . Wool covering the internodes of the

rhachis.

9. A. occidentalism Sieb. ! Tall, herbaceous; leaves linear-acuminate, slightly sca-
brous at the margin : ligular border shortly and equally ciliate ; panicle large, pale-rusty ;
spikelets 3-6 -flowered; 2 lowest glumes unequal, bluutish, minutely 3- dentate ; lowest
floiver monaudrous : its glume equalling the wool, more than twice as long as the inferior
sterile glume, or little exceeded by the hermaphrodite flowers. — SI. t. 67. — Phragmites mar-
tinicensis, Trin. Remirea diffusa, Sieb. Mart. 31 ! — Habit of A. altissima, Beuth. (Phr.
gigantea, Gay), but leaves narrower, 5"'-8"' broad at the base, and ligule not unequally fim-
briate; stiucture of A. Phragmites, L., but 2 lowest glumes less pointed, wool a little
shorter, $ flower 1-androns. Stem 10'— 20' high, panicle 2', spikelets 6'"— 8"' long. — Hab.
Jamaica 1, Pd., Wils., in wet places, along rivers ; Trinidad ! ; [French islands 1 ; Mexico !
to Brazil !].

Sect. 2. Gynerium, Kth.— Glumes awnless, acuminate, delicate .- flowers dioecious. Wool
covering the lower part of the flowering glumes.

10. A. saccharoides, Gr. Tall, arborescent ; leaves lanceolate-acuminate, serrulate-
scabrous at the margin ; panicle large, very woolly, one-sided; spikelets 2-flowered ; glumes
in $ “ lanceolate,” in !j? narrowly linear-acuminate, the 2 lowest unequal, the longest equalling
the wool; flowers “ 2-androus.” — Humb. PI. Equin. t. 115. — Gynerium, Humb. — Stem
12'— 16' high, “2"-3" thick at the base” (SI.)-, leaves 3'— 4' long, 2" broad; panicle 2',
spikelets and spreading wool 4'" long.— Hab. Jamaica!, Macf., in wet places; Antigua!,
Wullschl. ; Trinidad, Cr.; [Cuba! and Mexico! to Brazil!].

Sect. 3. Donax, P. B. — Fertile glumes 2-dentate, awned between the teeth, 2 sterile sub-
equal: flowers hermaphrodite.

11*. A. Donax, L. Tall, arborescent; leaves lanceolate-acuminate, glabrous at the
margin ; panicle large, rusty-tawny ; spikelets 3-2-flowered, included within the 2 sterile
glumes ; fertile glumes shortly awned, woolly below : awn erect, twice as long as the teeth;
internodes of the rhachis woolly only at the summit. — Reichenb. Ic. Germ.f. 1731. Stem
10-20' high ; leaves broad at the base : sheath often black at the summit. — Hab.

Jamaica!, March, Antigua!, Wullschl., probably introduced; [Southern Europe! to tropical
Asia !].

8. PLATON1A, Kth.

Spikelets 1-flowcred : glumes coriaceous, 4 inferior sterile, devoid of a palea. Palea. con-
vex, emarginate, coriaceous: its 2 nerves obsolete, ‘‘little distant. Lodicu la 3. Stout,
herbaceous grasses; leaves confined to the lower part of the stem: ligule produced; panicle
virgate, somewhat contracted : spikelets ovate, numerous along its short branches.

This genus, less related to Cliusquea than to TJniola (and more distantly to Phalaris), is
placed here on the authority of Kunth’s figure of the stigmas, which apparently resemble
those of Arundo.

12. P. virgata, Gr. (n. sp) Leaves lanceolate, shortly acuminate, scabrous at the
margin, exceeded by the stem ; panicle dense, rigid : axis and branches sulcate, densely pu-
bescent; spikelets shining-glabrous, often longer than their pedicel ; glumes convex, mucro-
nate, the 2 lowest lanceolate, the 2 upper sterile ones twice as long, ovate-lanceolate, the
fertile ovate-ohlong, little exceeding the palea. — Stem 6' high, cylindrical, glabrous, ^
diam.; leaves 2^-2' long, 2" broad above the middle, long-tapering at the base: sheath
striate, glabrous: ligule ovate, blunt; panicle l1 long, about 1" diam. ; branches thielush,
spreading-erect, approximate, not whorled; spikelets tawny, laterally compressed, 2* long,
3 upper glumes I'fl long, spreading. — Hab. Trinidad 1, Cr., at Tocuche.

9. ORTITOCLADA, P. B.

Spikelets 2-1 -flowered : glumes herbaceous, 2 inferior sterile. Palea compressed, herba-
ceous, membranaceous at the margin : its 2 nerves approximate along the dorsal keel.

GRA MINE/E.

531

Stamens 2. Caryopsis laterally compressed, free. — Herbaceous, stoloniferous grasses ; leaves
broad, petioled : ligular border ciliate ; panicle fastigiate : branches long, filiform, often
hatf-whorled ; spikelets Ion g-pedicellate, jointed at the base, elliptical -oblong.

13. O. lax a, P. B. Leaves oblong-lanceolate, acuminate, glabreseent : petiole and sheath
pubescent ; panicle expanded in fruit ; glumes lanceolate-acuminate, sterile shorter, unequal.
— Kth. Rev. t. 71.— Stem 2'-3' high, leaves 6"-3" long, 12",-8,,, broad : petiole 6"'-12"'
long ; panicle 6"-12" long -. spikelets at the extremity of the branches, greenish, 3'" long,
often 1-flovvered with a stipitate superior rudiment. — Hab. Trinida 1 1, Cr., in woods, Eort
George ; [Mexico 1 to Brazil !].

10. UNIOLA, L.

Spikelets flat-compressed, 2-many-flowered : glumes herbaceous, keeled, 3-6 sterile.
Palea compressed, 2-keeled : nerves distant. Caryopsis laterally compressed, free. — Herba-
ceous, stoloniferous grasses ; ligule ciliate ; spikelets paniculate.

Sect. 1. Chashanthus, Lk. — Spikelets small , ovate ; keels of the palea wingless. —
Panicle virgate, somewhat contracted.

14. U. virgata, Gr. Rigid, stout ; leaves convolute-filiform, flexuose, devoid of asperi-
ties ; panicle erect, long- virgate : axis sulcate, pubescent : branches short, densely approxi-
mate, uppermost reduced; spikelets shortly pedicellate, 1-sided, 2- flowered ; glumes 3-
nerved, shortly mucronate or bluntish, puberulous or glabrate, 6-4 sterile, ovate-oblong, 2
lowest shorter. — SI., t. 72. f 1 : bad. — -Poa, Poir. — Habit of Eragroslis cynosuroides.
Stem 4' high, 1"' thick, smooth, glabrous; leaves often l'-l-J' long, rosular at its base (and
at the inferior distant nodes) ; panicle 20"-5", its simple branches usually 1", spikelets 1"'
long, the latter straw-coloured, jointed at the base : sterile glumes placed right and left
agaiust the axis ; stamens 3. — ILvii. Jamaica!, March; [Cuba!, along the sandy seashore;
Haiti].

Sect. 2. Euuniola. — Spikelets- large, smooth, ovate-oblong ; keels of the palea winged,

replicate. — Panicle spreading.

15. U. paniculata, L. Stout, rigid; leaves involute at the scabrous margin; panicle
dense: axis sulcate, pubescent; spikelets shortly pedicellate, distichous-l-sided, 8-16-
flowered ; glumes ovate-oblong, pointed, scabrous at the keel and margin, 4-6 sterile, fer-
tile 3-androus: 3 nerves stronger. — Catesb. Carol. 1. t. 32. — 4'-8' high ; leaves 2'-l' long,
4"'-6'" broad ; spikelets 5",-8"' long, straw-coloured.— Hab. Bahamas !, Swains., on the
sandy seashore; [Southern United States ! ; Mexico ! to Ecuador !].

11*. BROMUS, L.

Spikelets many-flowered ; glumes herbaceous, 2 sterile, fertile mostly awned below the
summit. Stigmas inserted below the hairy summit of the ovary. Caryopsis adhering to
the palea. — Spikelets usually large, paniculate.

Sect. Schedonouus, Fr. — Fertile glumes keeled, ‘i-dentale, sterile \-i-nerved. Stigmas
included, or projecting above the middle of the flower.

16 ' . B. sterilis, L. Annual ; stem glabrous ; leaves flat-linear, pubescent : ligule
produced; panicle spreading or nodding : inferior branches half-whorled ; spikelets liuear-
lanceolate : fertile glumes 7-nerved, shorter than (or as long as) the straight awn, the latter
inserted below its 2-partite summit; palea ciliate. — Reichenb. Ic. Germ. f. 1583.— IIab.
Naturalized in Jamaica !, Wils., in the mountains of S. Andrews, at 4000' alt. ; [Europe!].

12. ERAGROSTIS, P. B.

Spikelets many(-2)-flowcrcd, laterally compressed, obloug or linear : 2 glumes sterile,
fertile ones keeled, 3-nerved, awnless, deciduous : rhachis glabrous. Palea persistent on
the rhachis or deciduous with its joints. Stigmas projecting near the base of the flower.
Caryopsis Iree, devoid of a furrow. — Ligular harder, mostly ciliate ; spikelets paniculate.

532

GRAMlNEzE.

Sect. 1. Eukragrostis. — Rhachis not jointed : palea persistent. Fertile glumes usually

herbaceous.

17. E. prolifera, Steud. Perennial, stolonil'erous, rigid, erect (or indexed at the base),
glabrous ; leaves linear-setaceous, often convolute ; panicle expanded : branches geminate-
solitary, little hairy at the base ; spikelets lanceolate-linear, 4-12(-“ 20 ”)-llowered : fertile
glumes ovate, pointed, 3-nerved : palea nearly the same length, glabrous. — Poa, Sw. ! —
1 J'-2' high, caespitose, slender : the lowest leaves often half as long as the stem ; panicle
4"-8", flowers •§•"' long. — Hab. Antigua !, Wullschl., S. Lucia, [Caribbean islands !, Sw.~].

18. E. glutinosa, Tr. Caspitose, little stoloniferous from a fibrous root, rigid, erect,
glabrescent, viscous below; leaves linear, setaceous-acuminate, flat ; panicle spreading:
branches solitary, lowest geminate, scabrous, glabrous at the base , spikelets lanceolate, 4-
12-flowered : fertile glumes ovate, 'pointed, 3-nei'ved, scabrous at the keel: palea little
shorter, minutely ciliate. — SI. t. 71. jC. 2. — Poa, Sw. — IMP high ; leaves rigid, often reach-
ing to the panicle, the latter 4"- 6", flowers y" long.— Hab. Jamaica !, Wullschl., in sandy
savannahs of the southern districts.

19. E. pilosa, P. B. Annual, slender, erect, glabrous; leaves flat; panicle expanded:

lower branches half -wliorled, bearded at the base ; spikelets lanceolate-linear, 3-12-flowered,
about as long as the hair-like pedicels : fertile glumes ovate, somewhat pointed, with the 2
lateral nerves delicate : palea shorter, minutely ciliate. — Reichenb. Ic. Germ.f. 1659, 1660.
— Poa, L. — Spikelets broad, often purplish ; flowers about V" long. — Hab. S. Vincent !,

Guild. ; Trinidad !, Sch. ; [temperate and tropical countries of the globe],

20. E. bahiensis, Schrad. Annual, erect, glabrous; leaves linear, setaceous-acumi-
nate, often involute ; panicle spreading (or contorted) : branches solitary, glabrous or little
hairy at the base; spikelets oblong -linear, 4-28-flowered, shortly pedicellate : fertile glumes
ovate, pointed, 3-uerved : palea little shorter, minutely ciliate. — E. Brownei, Ns. Poa
polymorpha, R. Br. ( non IT.).— Spikelets purplish or pale, 1"' broad; flowers J'" long.—
Hab. Jamaica!, Wullschl. ; [all tropical countries and beyond their limits].

21. E. poaeoides, P. B. Annual, diffuse; leaves flat; panicle spreading: branche
solitary or geminate, glabrous or little hairy at the base; spikelets oblong-linear or lanceo-
late, 4-20-flowered : fertile glumes ovate or ovate-oblong, blandish, 3-nerved : palea two-
thirds as long, minutely ciliate. — Reichenb. Ic. Germ.f. 1661. — Poa Eragrostis, L. P. capil-
laris, Sw. ( non L.), or*P. tephrosanthos, Scliult. : the West Indian form, with shorter spike-
lets and the fertile glumes ovate-oblong. — Spikelets almost 1'" broad ; flowers
long.— Hab. Jamaica!, Wils., Wullschl.,- March ; [temperate and tropical countries of the
globe] .

22. E. reptans, Ns. Low, ascending, ccespitose, stoloniferous ; leaves shortly linear-
acuminate ; panicle short, raeeiniform : branches solitary, single, or lower divided from near
the glabrous base; spikelets oblong-linear or linear, 10-40-flowered, longer than the pedicels;
fertile glumes ovate-lanceolate, membranaceous with 3 green nerves: palea one-third to
one-half as long, minutely ciliate. — 2,,-5,, high : spikelets l"1 broad ; flowers f w long.
Hab. Trinidad !, Or. ; [United States ! to Buenos Ayres !].

Sect. 2. Brizoma, Nutt. — Rhachis jointed, with the joints seceding. Fertile glumes

membranaceous.

23. E. ciliaris, Lie. Annual, ascending, glabrous; leaves linear-acuminate; panicle
contracted, long; spikelets ovate-oblong or oblong, 6-8 (-20) -flowered ; fertile glumes
ovate-oblong , blunt, with a dorsal and 2 marginal, distant, green nerves : palea nearly as
long, long-ciliate.- — -Jacq. Ic. Rar. i. 304. — Poa, L. P. elegaus, Pair. -Panicle 21 —C>"
long ; spikelets l"' broad ; flowers i1" long. — Hab. Jamaica !, all coll., in sandy soil ;
S. Kitts!, Bis., Antigua!, Wullschl., Dominica!, hnr., S. Vincent!, Guild.; Trinidad!,
Or. ; [Cuba ! and Mexico ! to Brazil ! ; Galapagos ! ; East Indies !, Arabia, trop. Africa ! to
the Cape !J.

24. E. conferta, Tr. Perennial, stout, branched the whole length, glabrous ; leaves
linear-acuminate: ligule truncate; panicles long, glomerale-virgate ; spikelets ovate or
ovate-oblong, covering the panicle -bra u dies to their base, 2-4(-8)-tlowered; fertile glumes
lanceolate, acuminate, with a dorsal and 2 marginal, distant, green nerves : palea a little

GRAM1NE2E.

533

shorter, minutely eiliate. — Poa, Ell. — Several feet high; panicles 6W— 1 2" long, about
diara. : spikelets numberless; flowers long: marginal nerves disappearing about the
middle. — IIab. Trinidad !, Cr. ; [Southern United States to Brazil !]

Division II. AGROSTIDE/E. — Spikelets \-flowered: fertile glumes not indurated ,

mostly membranaceous, 2 sterile. Stigmas projecting laterally from the flower. Embryo

minute.

13. SPOROBOLUS, R. Br.

Spikelets awnless : flower contiguous to the sterile glumes, glabrous at the base. Peri-
carp membranaceous (rarely coriaceous), seceding from the laterally compressed seed. —
Ligular border usually eiliate ; spikelets paniculate.

Vi! fa, P. B., is, as Kunth has correctly observed, no distinct genus. In a Peru specimen
of S. pungens ( Vi fa luxurious, Steud. !), there is no difference in the pericarp, but that the
naked, compressed, oval seed rests longer attached in the bottom of the flower.

* Stem perennial, stoloniferous, often decumbent.

25. S. virg-inicus, Kth. Perennial, branched ; leaves short, spreading, distichous,

convolute, filiform-acuminate, devoid of asperities : sheath sterile, terete, little hairy ox gla-
brate at the top and ligular border ; panicle narrow, short ; sterile glumes usually unequal,
the longer as long as the acute flower. — Trin. Ic. t. 48. — Agrostis, L. Vilfa, P. B. —
Stolons leafy : flowering branches ascending; spikelets long.— Hab. Jamaica !, Pd.,

on the sandy seashore ; Antigua!, Wullschl.; Trinidad!, Sieb., Cr., in mangrove-swamps;
[United States 1 to Brazil 1, Pacific islands 1 to Australia 1 ; trop. Africa to Madagascar 1
and the Cape !].

26. S. litoralis, Kth. Perennial ; leaves long, involute, linear-setaceous, scabrous at
the margin : sheath terete, villous-bearded at the top and ligular border ; pauicle narrow,
euclosed at the base by the uppermost leaf ; glumes acuminate, the sterile shorter than the
flower. — Vilfa, P. B. V. aspera, P. B. — Stem l'-4', inferior leaves 6"-10", spikelets
2"1 long. — Hab. Trinidad !, Long, in rocky places ; [Southern Canada 1 to South America ;
trop. Africa].

** Stem slender, erect ; root fibrous.

27. S. domingensis, Klh, Stem erect, compressed at the base; leaves linear-acuminate,
fiat : sheath conduplicate-compressed, long-ciliate above and at the ligular border ; panicle
spreading-erect, at length contracted ; glumes acuminate, the upper sterile equalling the
flower, the lower half as long. — Trin. Ip. t. 24 : but palea pointed in our specimens. —
Vilfa, Tr. — Spikelets about 1"' long. — Hab. Jamaica 1, Al., March; [Haiti !].

28. S. purpurascens, Hamilt. Stem slender, ciespitose, cylindrical; leaves narrowly
linear, usually involute : sheath terete, striate, g/abrescent : ligular border shortly eiliate ;
panicle spreading-erect, at length contracted ; glumes acuminate, the upper sterile equalling
the flower, the lower half as long ; seeds oval, rounded on the back. — Trin. Ic. t. 57. —
Agrostis, Sw. Vilfa juncea, Tr. (ex parte). — Spikelets about 1'" long. — Hab. Jamaica !,
Sw., March, in arid savannahs ; Antigua!, Wullschl. ; [Mexico to Brazil !].

29. S. indicus, R. Br. Erect; leaves linear-acuminate: sheaths minutely eiliate

above (or glabrat x), lower conduplicate-subcompressed ; panicle contracted, long ; flown-
acuminate, 2-4 times as long as the unequal, sterile glumes ; seeds oval, flatfish on the
back. — S/.l. 73./. 1. Trin. Ic. t. 60. — Agrostis, L., Sw. S. tenuissimus, P. B. (A rostis,
Jacq.) : the form with convolute leaves and glabrate sheaths. S. elougatus, R. Br. : 1 form
with the lowest pauicle-branches distant. — Panicle spikelets -§"'-1'" long.— Hab.

Jamaica!, Macf, Pd., along roadsides; Antigua 1, Wullschl. ; [Bermudas ! and Florida 1 to
Valdivia! ; Galapagos! to Australia 1, China! to East Indies!].

30. S. Jacquemontii, Klh. Stems erect, ciespitose, cylindrical ; leaves narrowly
linear, convolute : sheath terete, striate, minutely eiliate above; panicle spreading -erect, at
length contracted : flower acuminate, 3-4 times as long as the unequal striate glumes ;
seeds oval, flattish on the back.— Kth. Ilev. 1. 127.— Allied to the preceding, spikelets as
long. — Hab. Jamaica !, Al., March, IVils., a pasture grass ; [Haiti, French island s !].

534

GRAMINE/E.

14. REYNATJDIA, Kilt.

Spikelets awned from the 2-dentate summit of all glumes : flowers contiguous to the
sterile glumes, glabrous at the base. Palea 1-nerved. Stamens 2. — A ciespitose grass;
leaves setaceous , ciliate about the ligular border ; nodes villous ; panicle short, subcon-
tracted.

31. K. filiformis, Kth. — Kth. Rev. t. 9. — V high, naked above; panicle 1 " long;
awns of the sterile glumes much longer than those of the flowers. — Hab. Jamaica !,
Wullschl., Manchester; [Haiti],

Division III. S/7 PA C 17 . E. — Character of Agrostideas, but fertile glume indurated

around the fruit.

15. ARISTIDA, L.

Spikelets awned : awn 3-partite or 3-fid, terminating the fertile glume, the latter separated
by an internode from the sterile pair, usually shortly bearded at the base. Palea abortive.
Caryopsis free, cylindrical. — Spikelets pedicellate.

Sect. Chstaeia, P. B. — Awn persistent, naked.

32. A. stricta, Mich. Leaves convolute-filiform : ligular border shortly ciliate ; pani-
cle narrow, interrupted : branches solitary or geminate ; sterile glumes acuminate, the
superior usually with abluntish, mucronate summit, exceeding a little or equalling the flower ;
awn-segments subequal, divergent, as long as their glume. — P. B. Agrostogr. t. 8. f. 5 :
analyt. (palea wrongly drawn). — A. americana, L. herb. sec.Munro ( non Sw.) A. dispersa,
Tr. (A. hromoides, humilis, and. coarctata, Kth.) ■. a form with the spikelets usually coloured,
and setaceous flowers. A. cognata, Tr. : a form with both sterile glumes acuminate to the
summit. A. antillarum, PI. Carib. A. Adscensionis, Wickstr. ( non Sw). A. maritima
and subbiflora, Sleud. — The West Indian forms are annual, but the allied species ( e.g . A . cceru-
lescens, Desf.) produce flowers also in the first year, and become perennial afterwards. Awns
4'"-6'"loug. — Hab. Antigua!, Wullschl.;. [United States ! to Chile].

33. A. purpurascens, Poir. Leaves convolute-filiform: ligular border shortly ciliate;

panicle narrow, interrupted : branches solitary or geminate(-3) ; sterile glumes setaceous-
acuminate, the superior equalling the flower ; awn-segments divergent : the middle about
thrice as long as its glume, the lateral less spreading and a little shorter.— A. Adsceusionis,
Sw. (non L). A. Swartziana, Sleud. A. cognata, /3, Trin. — Root in our specimens peren-
nial, middle awn 10'"-1 6"', lateral long. — Hab. Jamaica!, Sw., in the sandy,

southern savannahs; [United States!].

16. MILIUM, I.

Spikelets awnless, or with a simple, deciduous awn : the flower coriaceous or chartaceous,
approximate to and included by the sterile glumes. Palea 2-nerved. Caryopsis free. —
Spikelets paniculate.

Sect. Leptocorypiiium, Ns. — Spikelets awnless, jointed at the base. Fertile glume
chartaceous, membranaceous at the summit.

34. M. lanatnm, R. S. Perennial erect ; leaves convolute, hairy below and at the
sheath or glabrescent ; panicle erect : spikelets elliptical-lanceolate ; sterile glumes woolly-
pilose, 5(-7)-ncrved. — Kth. Rev. 1. 163. — Paspalum, Kth. Leptocoryphium, Ns. — 2'-!'
high ; spikelets \ long. — IIab. Trinidad !, Or. : a form with the wool of the spikelets less

spreading; [Mexico! to Uruguay !].

GRAM IN E/E.

535

Division IV. ORYZE^B— Spikelets of Agrostidese, but sterile glumes more than 2,

often partly or all abortive, and palea furnished with a midrib. — Spikelets jointed at the

base, deciduous.

17. ORYZA, L.

Spikelets laterally flat-compressed ; 2 sterile glumes developed, small, 2 abortive, fertile
chartaceous, usually avvned. Stamens 6. — Spikelets paniculate.

35. O. latifolia, TJesv. Stout; leaves lanceolate -acuminate, scabrous: ligule short;
panicle spreading: inferior branches whorled; fertile glume hispid, awned. — Kth. Rev.
t. 4. — 0. saliva, L., has narrower leaves, a produced ligule, the panicle more contracted, and
the down of the flower soft. — Hab. Trinidad !, Cr., at Caroni : [Southern United States to
Brazil],

18. LEERSIA, Sw.

Character of Orgza, but all sterile glumes abortive, and flowers awnless, 6-1-audrous.

36. Ii. hexandra, Sw. Panicle spreading : flowers elliptical-oblong , 6 -androus, hispid
along the keel of the glume. — Kth. Rev. t. 1. — L. mexicana, Kth., australis, It. Br. mauri-
tanica, Salzm. !, coutracta, Ns. — Leaves variable in breadth. — Hab. Jamaica {Sw.) in
ditches; Dominica!, Imr. ; Trinidad!, Cr., in savannahs; [Florida! to Buenos Ayres!,
Algeria ! to the Cape !, East Indies !, to Australia],

37. la. monandra, Sw. ! Panicle narrow, at length spreading, somewhat one-sided :
branches distant : flowers semiovate-roundish, pointed, 1 -androus, glabrous along the keel of
the glume. — Spikelets pitle, often imbricated, i1" long. — Hab. Jamaica !, Sw., in calcareous
woods; [Cuba ! ; Texas !, Mexico],

19. LUZIOLA, Biss.

Spikelets monoecious in distinct panicles : terminal panicle $ , axillary ? . All sterile
glumes abortive, fertile membranaceous, awnless. Stamens 6-11. “ Embryo large.” —

Ligule produced.

38. Xi. peruviana, Juss. Meg. Esseq. t. 2. Stem creeping at the base or floating; $
flowers 2'", ? V" long. — Hab. Trinidad !, Lockh. ; [Mexico to Brazil!].

Division V. PHALARIDEJE. — Spikelets \-flowered or unisexual \-feiv-floivered.

Stigmas projecting from the summit of the Jlower.

20. OLYRA, L.

Spikelets 1-flowered, monoecious, S devoid of sterile glumes ; flower cartilaginous : its
2 sterile glumes herbaceous, often tailed at the summit. “ Cargopsis free : embryo minute.”
— Leaves usual Ig broad, often oblique at the base ; spikelets pedicellate, jointed at the
base : $ flower included within the sterile glumes.

* Spikelets paniculate, inferior $ .

39. O. latifolia, L. Stout, branched below: nodes contracted; leaves ovate-obloug,
ovate-lanceolate (or lanceolate), acuminate ; panicle spreading : all branches terminated by a
single ? spikelet, most $ below it ; spikelets glabrous ; $ glume tailed with a bristle, ?
sterile glumes subulate-tailed : tail o( the inferior longer : Jlower ellipsoidal, glabrous,
shining-polished. — SI. t. 64. f. 2. Trin. Ic. t. 346. — 0. paniculate, Sw. — 4(— 15/ high,
variable in the $ flower being ebouy-white or more rarely black.

a. Leaf-sheaths more or less hairy : ligule short, ciliate.

&. arundinacea, Ir. Leaf-sheaths glabrous or glabrescent : ligule produced, glabrous.

Hab. Jamaica !, all coll, (a, 0), common in woods ; Antigua!, Wu/lschl. (0), Dominica!,
Imr. (0) ; Tnnidad !, Cr. (0) ; [Cuba! and Mexico I to Brazil!].

40. O. semiovata, lr. Erect, flexuosc at the base: inferior nodes prominulous and

536

G RAMTNEjE.

constricted ; leaves broad, gradually tapering-acuminate from the obliquely truncate, petioled
base : sheath hairy or glabrate, shortly ciliate at the truncate ligule ; panicle spreading : in-
ferior branches $ , superior terminated by a single 9 spi/celet ; spikelets glabrous ; <? glume
tailed with a bristle, 9 sterile glumes subulate-tailed : tail of the inferior longer : flower
ellipsoidal, hairy at the base and summit , polished-white. — Trin. Ic. t. 347. — Several stems
from the root, 2' high; most leaves 2i"-l-J" broad, 8"-4" long, several only 6"'-8'" broad.
— Hab. Trinidad !, Pd , in wet savannahs ; [Brazil !].

** Racemes axillary, uppermost J (Lithachne, P. Br.).

41. O. pauciflora, Sto. Stems slender: nodes prominulous and constricted; leaves
ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, often obliquely truncate at the base, uppermost remaining con-
volute ; petiole hispidulous within : ligule truncate ; racemes axillary, much exceeded by the
leaf, uppermost $ , inferior terminated by a single 2 spikelet, $ below it; spikelets gla-
brous ; $ glumes acuminate with a short bristle, $ sterile glumes tailed -acuminate : flower
obversely deltoid, glabrous, shining-polished, white. — P. B. Jgrost. t. 24. f. 2. — Stems
aggregate, about 1' high ; leaves 2''-3" long, 6"'-9'" broad. — IIab. -Tamaica !, Pd., Mart.,
Wullschl., in arid, rocky woods, Manchester, Westmoreland; Autigua !, Wullschl. ,- [Cuba !
New Granada !].

21. PIIARrS, P. Br.

Spikelets 1 -flowered, monoecious, geminate : one pedicellate $ , the other sessile 9 .
Sterile glumes 2, membranaceous, fertile in $ membranaceous, in 9 coriaceous. Stamens
6. Stigmas 3. Caryopsis free : “embryo minute.”- — Leaves petioled, broad, 1-nerved ;
veins straight, slightly diverging from the midrib ; panicle spreading : branches spiciform ;
spikelets coloured : 9 linear.

42. P. latifolius, L. ( non Tr.). Leaves obovate-oblong or elliptical-oblong, cuspidate,
scabrous beneath ; fertile glume little longer than the sterile pair, villous only at the
exserted summit. — St. t. 73. f. 2. Br. Jam. t. 38. f. 3. — P. scabra, Kth. P. ovalifolius,
Ham. — li'-3' high ; leaves 6"-8"(-3") long, H"-2J1" broad ; J spikelets li"1, 9 5"'-6'"
long. — PIab. Jamaica!, all coll., common in moist woods; Trinidad!, Cr. ; [Florida!,
Cuba 1 and Mexico ! to Brazil!].

43. P. glaber, Kth. Leaves lanceolate-oblong, acuminate ; fertile glume twice or
thrice as long as the sterile pair, villous to the base. — Puss. FI. 2. t. 8. I) esc. FI. 6.
t. 398 : compound of this and the preceding. — P. lancifolius, Ham. P. lappulaceus, Lam.,
Puss. P. latifolius, Tr. ( non L.). — Stature and proportions of the preceding, but leaves
8'"-H" broad, glabrous, rarely scabrous beneath.— IIab. Jamaica!, Wullschl. , Manchester ;
Antigua !, Wullschl. ,- [Cuba !, French islands ! ; Venezuela !, Brazil].

22. ZEUGITES, P. Br.

Spikelets 2-4-flowered : lowest flower 9 » approximate to the pair of sterile glumes, the
other $ , distant. Glumes membranaceous-herbaceous, 3-9-nerved, sinuate at the truncate
summit, not indurated. “Embryo minute.” — Stems branched and geniculated below;
leaves petioled, broad and short .- sheath open ; panicle lax .- inferior branches 2-3 -note ;

9 flower twice as long as the sterile glumes.

44. Z. americana, W. Leaves ovate, pointed : petiole, 2-lobed ligule, and constricted
nodes glabrous ; inferior branches of the green panicle ternate ; fertile 9 glume armed at
the summit, as long as or little longer than the lorver internode of the rhachis : awn erect,
half as loug as or little shorter than the flower. — Br. Jam. t. 4. f. 3 — Apluda Zcngites, L.,
Sw. — 1'-2' high ; leaves 2"-l" long, 10"'-6'" broad. Of the Continental congeners,
Z. mexicana, Tr. ( Bespretzia , Kth.), has awnless spikelets, and the lowest $ flower less
distant, and Z. colorala, Gr. (Venezuela, Fendl. coll. 2526), oblong-lanceolate leaves,
petioles pubescent wilhiu at the summit, coloured spikelets and the 9 flower very shortly
mucronate.— IIab. Jamaica!, all coll., in the woods of the Blue Mountains, from 4000' up-
wards to the summit.

GRAMJNEiE.

537

Division VI. PAPPOPIf ORE/E.— Spikelets with the lowest, flower fertile, the superior
usually abortive ; third and following glumes mulli-3-fid, with the Lobes atoned. Stig-
mas projecting from the summit of the flower.

23. PAPPOPHORUM, Schreb.

Spileelels with several-1, distant, imperfect flowers above- the fertile one : third and fol-
lowing glumes 9-13-awned. — Ligular border ciliate ; panicle contracted.

45. P. alopecuroides, V. Perennial, stout, glabrous, (“or pubesceut at the
sheaths ”) ; panicle long, cylindrical, pale : branches at length slightly loosened ; spikelets
with 2-3 superior rudiments : sterile glumes \-nerved, fertile Vi -nerved, imperfect ones
9-15-awned. — Vahl, Symb. t. 51. Kill. Riv. t. 131, 132. — P. macrostachyum and
laguroideum, Schrad. — 3-4' high ; panicle 2,,-12,( long. — IIab. Trinidad !, Cr., La Tiiftu ;
[Brazil to Uruguay].

Subtribe 3. C3LORIPE2E. — Spikelets sessile or shortly pedicellate : lowest glume
placed against the axis. Sterile glumes 2, keeled-\-nerved, persistent : rhachis de-
ciduous.

24. BOUTELOUA, Lag.

Spikelets with 1 (-2) fertile, shortly stipitate flowers below, and 1 -several distant imper-
fect ones above them. Sterile glumes awuless, third and following ones 3-5(-7)-dentate :
the teeth of all or chiefly the imperfect ones awned. Stigmas projecting laterally from the
flower. — Spikes racemose or solitary : vests, produced beyond them.

Sect. IIetkrostega, Peso. — Spikes racemose : spikelets alternating along the edge of the

flutlish axis.

46. B. litigicsa, Lag. Root fibrous ; stems low, geniculated-ascending ; leaves short,
flat, or convolute, ciliate or glabrescent at the base : ligule shortly ciliate ; spikes alternate :
spikelets 6-10, distant ; sterile glumes lanceolate-acuminate, the longer equalling the in-
ternodes of the axis; fertile flower single, bearded at the base, 3-toothed or shortly 3-
awned : upper rudiment reduced to a long, 3-partite, exserted awn. — Sw . Obs. t. 2. f. 2. — -
Aristida americana, Sw. Heterostega juncifolia, Peso. ( non Kth.). Eutriana bromoides,
Trin. ( non Kth.). — Leaves i"-2", sterile glumes I f 11 -2'", spikelets (the awn included) 4W
long. — IIab. Jamaica (Sw.), in the southern sandy districts ; Antigua!, Wullschl. ; [Vene-
zuela !].

47 B. elatior, Gr. (». sp). Root fibrous; stems slender, erect ; leaves narrowly
linear, flat, ciliate, with long soft hairs near the base ; ligule shortly ciliate; spikes alter-
nate : spikelets 3-5, distant ; sterile glumes ovate, acuminate, the longer about half as
long as the internode of the axis , fertile flower single, bearded at the base, 3-toothed or
shortly 3-awned : upper rudiment reduced to a long, 3-partite, exserted awn. — Allied to
B. aristidoides ( Eutriana , Kth. N. Gen. t. 695), which has narrower sterile glumes. — 1 V-‘V
high ; inferior leaves 6", sterile glumes 2"', spikelets (the awn included) 4"' long. — ILab.
Antigua !, Wullschl., at Grace bay, S. Johns.

25. LEPTOC11LOA, P. B.

Spikelets sevcral-many-flowercd, pedicellate in compound racemes. Sterile glumes awn-
less, fertile awnless or simply awned. Stigmas projecting laterally from the flower. Embryo
“slender.” — Annual, erect grasses ; leaves flat ; spikelets distichous-l-sided.

Pinebra, Jacq. {L. arabica, Kth.), is to be excluded, as by the stigmas projecting below
the summit of the flower and sessile spikelets it approaches Eleusine.

48. L, mucronata, Kth, Spikelets 2-4-flowered, awnless ; sterile glumes mucronale-
acute, fertile bluntish, slightly ciliate: rhachis glabrous. — Jacq. Eclog. Gram. 1. 4. —
Eleusine, Mich. E. filiformis, Pers. L. filifonnis and tenerrima, R. S. L. pellucidula,

538

OR AMINES.

Steud. — Spikes numerous, 1 4" long. — Hab. Antigua!, Wullschl. ; Trinidad!, Cr.;

[United States I to Venezuela ! ; China ! to East Indies !].

49. Ei. virgata, P. B. Spikelets 6-3-flowered ; sterile glumes acuminate, fertile
emarginate, ciliate, all or the inferior awned: rhachis glabrous. — SI. t. 70. /. 2. — Cynosu-
rus, L. L. brachiata and mutica, Steud. — Spikes numerous.

a. Spikes 3,,-6" long ; awns usually much, rarely little shorter than the flower, none in
the superior.

/3. gracilis, Ns. Spikes long; inferior awns as long as the flower, superior

shorter or none.

7- domingensis, Lk. Spikes 3,,-5w long ; all flowers awned : inferior awns as long as
the flower.

ITab. Jamaica!, all coll, (a, £), in pastures; Antigua!, Wullschl. (a, 7), Dominica !,
Imt. (a) ; .Trinidad !, Sell., Cr. (7) ; [Texas !, Cuba ! to Brazil ! ; Galapagos !].

50. li. longa, Gr. (n. sp.). Spikelets 3-4-flowered ; sterile glumes acuminate, fertile,
minutely 2-dentate, ciliate, the lowest awned, the following shorter, awuless : rhachis
bearded below the flowers. — Habit of the preceding, but spikes 7"-8" long; and in struc-
ture approaching L. Lindleyana , Kth. Several feet high, glabreseent, hut sheaths densely
ciliate at the summit; leaves 8"- 10" long, 5",-6,M broad : ligule reduced; panicle 1' long:
uppermost branches approximate : spikelets somewhat distant, compressed ; sterile glumes
i"', lowest flower 1^"', its awn 1"' long: lateral nerves of the fertile glume approximate to
the sericeous margin. — Hab. Trinidad !, Cr.

26. GYMNOPOGON, P. B.

Spikelets with a single perfect and a distant imperfect flower, sessile in raeemed spikes,
distantly alternate along the edge of the axis. Both flowers simply awned, or the superior
reduced to an awn : sterile glumes narrow, acuminate. Stigmas projecting laterally from
the flower. Embryo “ small.” — Leaves short, tapering from a broader base, spreading.

51. G. filiformis, Gr. (n. sp.). Root fibrous; spikes long, filiform, flowering to the
base : inferior spikelets gradually more distant and imperfect ; rhachis and flowers glabrous
(except a few hairs at the margin) : fertile linear, one-third as long as its awn, equalling or
exceeded by the lower Sterile glume, neutral 2-valved, much shorter than its exserted awn ;
stamens 2. — Stems csespitose, aphyllous at the base : habit of G. /avis, Ns., but more
slender, 2' high, glabrous ; leaves distichous, 3"-l" long, 2"' broad, involute, shorter and dis-
tant in the numerous sterile shoots : ligular border ciliate ; panicle 1' long ; spikes alter-
nate, 6", spikelets (the awns included) 6'" long ; sterile glumes unequal, linear-acuminate,
If "'-2'", fertile If" long ; the latter narrow, minutely 2-dentate, imperfect half as long :
both awns little differing in length, and palea of the imperfect flower sometimes reduced to
2-1 much shorter awns.— IIab. Trinidad !, Cr.

27. CHLORIS, Sw.

Spikelets with l(-2) perfect and 1-several imperfect distant flowers, in digitate (or soli-
tary) spikes or spiciforin racemes, distichous-one-sided. Flowers simply awned, rarely awn-
less. Stigmas projecting at or above the middle of the flower. Embryo large. — Spikes in
the West Indian species digitate, rarely contracted-racemose, and perfect flowers shortly
bearded at the base.

§ 1. Spikelets distant, divergent.

52. G. cruciata, Sw. Annual, leafy below ; leaves convolute-filiform : ligule ciliate ;
spikes 4-2, digitate, divergent: spikelets shortly pedicellate : sterile glumes acuminate, the
longer at length deciduous ; flowers lanceolate , beardless, awned, the perfect shortly ciliate
above, the imperfect single : both awns 3-5 times as long ns their glume, the lower terminal
between its 2-dentate summit. — SI. t. 69. /. 1. — Agrostis, L. C. llumboldtiann, Steud. —
6"-15" high; spikes 8"'-lf" long; spikelets 1"' distant, flower If" long.— Hab. Jamaica!,
all coll., Pedro plains, Manchester; S. Elizabeth; [Cuba!].

GRAMINE2E.

539

§ 2. Spikelets imbricate, parallel, one-sided.

* Perfect flower lanceolate, shortly ciliate, awned, imperfect narrow.

53. C. eleusinoides, Gr. Annual, leafy below ; leaves narrowly linear , flat or con-
dnplicate, bluntish lijule ciliate ; spikes 3 — 6 ( — 9) , digitate .- spikelets very shortly pedicel-
late, distant; sterile glumes acuminate; flowers lanceolate, beardless, awned, the perfect
shortly ciliate above, the imperfect single : both awns 3-5 times as long as their glume, the
lower inserted below its 2-dentate summit. — Si. t. 68./. 3. — Agrostis radiata, L. -Allied to
C. Beyrichiana, Kth. ( pycnothrix , Tr.), which has a longer awn and a much smaller imper-
fect (lower. Stem indexed at the base, /-IV high ; leaves /" broad, lowest 2"-4' long,
superior short : sheath flat-compressed ; spikes 2"-l/' long, with a villous tuft at the
base; spikelets 1"' distant: perfect flower 2"', imperfect 1'". long. — Hab. Jamaica!,
March ; Antigua !, Wullschl.

54. C. radiata, Sw., Kth. Annual, leafy below; leaves broadly linear, flat, blunt:
ligule shortly ciliate ; spikes numerous, m a contracted raceme, uppermost approximate :
spikelets very shortly pedicellate; sterile glumes narrowly acuminate ; flowers lanceolate,
beardless, awned, the perfect dotted, shortly ciliate above, the imperfect single: both awns
3-6 times as long as their glume, the lower terminal between its 2-dentate summit. — -Kth.
Rev. t. 179. Jacq. Eclog. Gram. t. 10. — -C. gracilis, Bur. ( non Kth.) C. glaucescens,
Steud. ! C. virgata, Sw. sec. Burand. ( non Kth) : a form with the longer sterile glume
mucronate. — 1'-2' high ; leaves 2'" broad : sheath flat-compressed ; spikes 3"- 2" long,
lowest 9"'-4'" distant; spikelets l'"-/" distant: flower 1/" long. — Hab. Jamaica!,
JIartw., Pd., Wils., common in fields and on roadsides ; Antigua!, Wullschl., Dominica!,
Imr., in pastures; Trinidad!, Pd., Loclch., in savannahs; [Cuba ! to Brazil!].

** Perfect flower elliptical, long-bearded along the margin, awned, imperfect dilated.

55. C. polydactyla, Sw. Perennial, stout ; leaves linear-acuminate, flat : ligule pilose ;
spikes numerous (-3), long, flexuose, digitate: spikelets subsessile ; sterile glumes narrowly
acuminate ; flowers 2, both half as long as their terminal awn, perfect elliptical, ciliate with
a long-exserted beard, imperfect obovate. — Si. t. 65./. 2. Jacq. Eclog. Gram., t. 9. — Andro-
pogon, L. — 2-3' high ; leaves often 1' long ; spikes 4"-6", flower 1'" long. — Hab. Jamaica !,
Pd., March, Wullschl., on dry, grassy hills; [New Mexico! to Brazil!].

56. C. barbata, Sw. Annual, leafy below ; leaves linear-acuminate, flat : ligule pilose ;
spikes numerous (-5), digitate : spikelets subsessile ; sterile glumes mucronate ; floioers 3,
all long-avmed : perfect elliptical, long ciliate, one-third to one-fourth as long as its infra-
terminal awn, 2 imperfect ones cymbiform-ovoid, subtruncate, shortly exserted. — Trin. Ic.
t. 306. — /-l/ high ; spikes often purplish, l"-2", perfect flower 1'" long. — Hab. Jamaica !,
March; [Brazil! ; East Indies !].

57- C. ciliata, Sw. Annual, erect; leaves linear, flat: ligule glabrescent; spikes 4-6,
digitate : spikelets subsessile ; sterile glumes mucronate ; flowers 3, 2 inferior awned : per-
fect elliptical, long-ciliate along the margin and keel, as long as the infraterminal awn, 2
imperfect ones cymbiform-subglobose, truncate, subincluded. — Trin. Ic. t. 307. — C. pro-
pinqua, Steud. — 1'-2' high; spikes purplish, incurved at the top, l/'-2", perfect flower 1'"
long. — IIab. Jamaica!, Wils., in arid places; Antigua!, Wullschl.; [Cuba! to French
islands!; Mexico!].

##* Perfect flower ovate, avmless, imperfect dilated, less distant.

58. C. petraca, Thanh., Sw. Leafy below; leaves flat: sheath flat-compressed; spikes
3-6, digitate : spikelets subsessile ; sterile glumes emarginate : the superior shortly awned ;
flowers beardless, awnless, perfect ovate, shortly ciliate, mucronate-emarginate, imperfect
obovale-oblong, subtruncate, included. — Jacq. Eclog. Gram. t. 11. — Eustachys, Beso. C.
Swartzii et septentrionalis, C. MUH.—V-2' high; spikes often brown, l/'-2", perfect
flower /" long. — Hab. Jamaica !, Pd. , along the sea, on limestone, Hanover ; [Bermudas !,
Cuba!; Southern United States! to Uruguay ! ; Cape!].

28. DACTYLOCTENIUM, W.

Spikelets several-flowered, closely sessile on one side of a flattish axis in digitate spikes.

2 N

540

GRAMINEiE.

Glumes laterally compressed, upper sterile one awned, fertile mucronate. Stigmas project-
ing below the summit of the flowers. Pericarp utricular. — Creeping or dilfuse annuals ;
leaves flat, pilose below ; spikes 2-5, short, thiclrish.

59. D. segyptiacum, IP. Spikelets 2-4-flowered, densely imbricate below the naked
point of the axis ; sterile glumes scabrous on the keel : superior about as long as its recurved
awn. — Trin. Ic. t. 09.- — D. mucronatum, W. — Spikes 6"'-12"' long. — Hab. Bahamas !,
Hjalm. ; Jamaica !, Al. ; S. Kitts !, Els., Antigua !, Wullschl., Dominica !, Ear., S. Vin-
cent !, Guild. ; Trinidad !, Cr. ; [Calabria ! and Arabia ! to the Cape ! ; China to East In-
dies ! and Australia ! ; United States to Brazil !].

29. ELEUSINE, G.

Character of JDactyloctenium, but glumes awnless, bluntish-acuminate, the sterile mem-
branaceous at the margin. — Annuals; leaves flat ; spikes 2— 5(— 1).

60. E. indica, G. Stems compressed ; spikes slender, greenish : axis uarrow ; flowers
lanceolate. — Trin. Ic. t. 71. — Spikes usually 2" long, one often distant from the fascicle. —
Hab. Jamaica!, all coll.; Antigua!, Wullschl., Dominica !, Imr., S. Vincent!, Guild.;
Trinidad !, Sch., Cr. ; [Persia ! to the Cape ! and East Indies ! ; Canary islands ! ; Canada ! to
Buenos Ayres ! ; Pacific islands !].

30. CYNODON, Rich.

Character of Eleusine, but spikelets 1-flowered, and a “ caryopsis.” — Creeping, low peren-
nials, leafy below with short leaves; ligule ciliate ; spikes 2-6 (-9).

61. C. Dactylon, Pers. Spikes divergent: axis narrow, 3-gonal; flower ovate,

longer than the filiform rudiment and the sterile glumes. — Sibth. FI. Grac. t. 60.— Pani-
cum, L. — Hab. Bahamas; Jamaica!, Macf., Wits.; Antigua!, Wullschl.; [tropical and
warmer countries of the temperate zones throughout the globe].

Tribe II. PANICE/E, R. Br.— Fertile glume placed above the second sterile glume of

the spikelet ; rhachis mostly not produced above it. — Sterile glumes usually 3. Stigmas

projecting below or at the summit of the flower. Embryo large.

Subtribe I. PASPALE2E. — fertile flower cartilaginous, leathery, or chartaceous .-
exterior sterile glumes herbaceous or membranaceous.

31. TIIRASYA, Eth.

Spikelets biconvex, sessile, alternately uniserial along the midrib of the induplicate sheath-
ing axis, in a simple one-sided spike. Lowest glume minute or abortive, second supporting
the fertile flower : third $ , divided into 2 distinct collateral leaflets, and furnished with a
palea. Fertile flowers chartaceous, awnless. — Slender, csespitose grasses; spike slightly in-
curved: axis herbaceous : series of spikelets alternating with the fertile flowers placed
against the axis or averted from it.

62. T. hirsuta, Ns. Leaves pilose; axis long ciliate , twice as broad as the ovate-lan-

ceolate exserted spikelets ; lowest glume minute, second exceeding half the $ flower; both
flowers 3-androus. — Eth. Rev. t. 102. Trin. Ic. t. 151.— Panicum thrasyoides, Tr. — 1'-2'
high; spikes long.— Hab. Trinidad!, Cr., in savannahs ; [Brazil].

32. PASPALTJM, L.

Spikelets flat on the ventral, convex on the dorsal side, imbricated on one side of the axis,
in spiciform racemes or spikes. Sterile glumes 3, but lowest abortive or usually wholly
wanting. Flower awnless, cartilaginous, flat convex. — Root usually perennial ; spikelets
2-4-stichous, usually rounded.

In those species in which a rudimentary lower glume is developed (e. g. in P. decumbent
and often in P. dislichum), no character is left to distinguish Paspalum from Digitaria but
the habit and a slight difference in the fertile glume.

GRAMINE7E.

541

Sect. 1. Eupaspalum. — Spikelets devoid, of an involucre.

§ 1. Spikelets 2-seriate. Palea placed against the axis.

G3. P. compressum, Ns. ! Stem compressed, 1-2-node, often branched above ;
leaves long, flat, usually ciliate : sheath flat-compressed; spikes 2-3 (-“5”), tie o approxi-
mate : axis 3-gonal, flat on the back, glabrous, narrower than the spikelets ; spikelets 2-
seriate, shortly pedicellate, ovate-lanceolate with a hluniish point, pubescent at the margin
or glabrescent : exterior sterile glumes obsoletely 5-nerved, inferior 4-nerved near the mar-
gin.— 'Frin. Ic. t. 118.— Milium, Sw. P. platycaule, Pair. P. extenuatum, Ns. {ex PI.
Spruce.) P. guadalupense and macropodou, Steud. P. Michauxianum, Kth. (P. Digitaria,
Poir.) : a form with longer glabrous spikelets. — I'-l^' high ; leaves 6",-4"' broad, lowest
shorter and narrower; spikes 4,,-2,,) spikelets Vn (or 2"’ long in P. Michauxianum) . — Hab.
Jamaica!, March, Wits., common in pastures; Antigua!, Wullschl., Dominical, Imr. ;
Trinidad !, Cr. ; [Southern United States ! to Buenos Ayres !].

§ 2. Spikelets 2-seriate. Fertile convex glume placed against the axis.

* Sterile glumes 2- or enerved.

64. P. conjug-atum, Berg. Stoloniferous ; leaves flat, ciliate : sheath compressed ;
spikes 2, divergent, both at the summit of the stem (or 2—3 with the third distant) : axis
lineal-, channelled on the back, glabrous, about as broad as the spikelets; spikelets 2-seriate,
very shortly pedicellate, roundish ovale, minutely pointed, somewhat villous at the margin :
sterile glumes 2-nerved within the margin. — Trin. Ic. t. 102. — P. ciliatum, Lam. P. longis-
simum, Hochst . P. Sieberianum and Renggeri, Steud. ! — 1'-2' high; leaves 4,"-3,,' broad ;
spikes 4"-2", spikelets f1 long.— Hab. Jamaica !, all coll., common ; S. Kitts !, E/s., An-
tigua !, Wullschl., Dominica !, Imr. ; Triuidad 1, Sieb., Cr.; [Louisiana ! ; Cuba 1 to Brazil ! ,
Galapagos 1 to Australia 1 ; trop. Africa 1].

65. P. pusillum, Vent. Stoloniferous; stem lowr, inflexed ; leaves short, flat, glabres-

cent, as long as the internodes ; spikes 2-5, most approximate : axis linear, flat on the back,
glabrous, narrower than the spikelets; spikelets 2-seriate, shortly pedicellate, roundish,
blunt, glabrous : sterile glumes enerved within the margin. — Trin. Ic. t. 273. — P. serpens,
PI. Sprue. — 3”-6" high ; leaves 6'"-] 21" long, broad ; spikes long : spike-
lets diam. — PIab. Trinidad!, Cr. ; [Portorico and Mexico to Brazil !].

** Sterile glumes 3-5 -nerved.

66. P. distichum, L. Rhizome creeping ; leaves convolute or conduplicate (rarely

flat), usually glabrous (except at the base) ; spikes 2, one terminal, the lateral approxi-
mate .- axis linear, flat on the back, glabrous, narrower than the spikelets ; spikelets 2-se-
riate, shortly pedicellate, ovale, pointed, glabrous : sterile glumes 3-5-nervcd. — Spikes 1"-
2", spikelets long.

a. Stem slender ; leaves narrow, linear-acuminate, convolute : sheath biconvex. — Trin.
Ic. t. 112. — P. litoralc, It. Br. Digitaria paspaloides, Dub. ( non Mich.)

>3. vaginatum, Sw. ! Stems creeping or ascending from the leafy branched base ; leaves
lanceolate-acuminate, conduplicate (or flat) : sheath loose, compressed. — Trin. Ic. t. 120.

Hab. Jamaica!, all coll, (a, 13), common in pastures and wet places ; Antigua 1, Wullschl.
(13) ; Trinidad!, Sieb. ; [Bermudas ! and United States ! to Buenos Ayres !, Chili ! and Juan
Fernandez 1 ; naturalized in South-western France 1 (a) ; East Indies !, Australia],

67. P. notatum, Fliigg. Rhizome creeping; stem simple, erect, or ascending; leaves
lanceolate-acuminate, flat, superior shorter : sheath compressed ; spikes 2, one terminal
the other approximate : axis linear, flat on the back, glabrous, narrower than the spikelets ;
spikelets 2-seriate, ovate-roundish or ovate, blunt, glabrous : sterile glumes 3-5-uervcd. —
Sw. Obs. t. 2. f. 1. 'Trin. Ic. t. 114. — P. distichum, Sw. ( non L. : for Linnams’s descrip-
tion is to be referred to the preceding allied species). P. Michauxianum, Steud. in PI.
Philippi, 410 (i non Kth.).— Leaves 4"' broad ; spikes 2"-l" spikelets 1"'-1V" long.— IIab.
Antigua!, Wullschl.; Trinidad, Cr. ; [Southern United States; Cuba! to Uruguay].

68. P. filiforme, Sw. ( non Fliigg .) Rhizome emspitose ; stem slender, erect, about as
long as the long, filiform, glabrous leaves; spikes single 3 ”), slightly incurved: axis 3-
gonal, convex on the back, glabrous, narrower than the spikelets; spikelets 2-serial, ovate

2 n 2

542

GRAMINEfE.

with a bluntish point, shortly pedicellate, glabrous : sterile glumes 3-5-nerved. — P. Swartzi-
aiium, FlUgg.— 3'-l' high; spikes 3"-r', spikelets long.— ITab. Jamaica!, Pd.,

At., March, Wils., common in dry pastures ; Trinidad !, Pel., in savannahs.

69. P. pulchellmn, Kth. Rhizome coespitose; stem slender, erect; leaves narrow,
pilose; spikes 2-3, one terminal, the other subapproximate: axis 3-gonal, fiattish on the
hack, glabrous with a villous tuft at the base, narrower than the spikelets ; spikelets 2-serial,
elliptical, blunt, shortly pedicellate, glabrous : sterile glumes 3-nerved, lower (second) much
shorter than the flower, caducous or abortive. — Kth. N. Gen. t. 26. — 2' high ; leaves
broad ; spikes 2"-l", spikelets f" -1"' loDg : glume purplish. — Hab. Trinidad ! Lockh. ;
[Venezuela, equat. Brazil!].

§ 3. Spikelets 4- seriate in pairs, or 2-3-seriate by abortion of one of the pedicels in each
pair. Fertile convex glumes of the exterior spikelets placed against the axis, of the in-
terior ones turned more or less to the opposite side.

* Spike 1, terminal, the other (if present) inserted lower dovm.

70. P. decumbens, Sw. ! Stolouiferous ; leaves flat, hairy : sheath loose : peduncles

slender, from the upper axils of the branched stem ; spikes single, incurved : axis filiform,
glabrous (or pilose below) ; spikelets 4-seriate in pairs, pedicellate, roundish, minutely
and bluntly mucronate or rounded, glabrescent : sterile glumes 3, two superior 3-nerved,
lowest deltoid, minute (rarely abortive), second shorter than the flower, third furnished with
a palea.- — Kth. Rev. t. 1G. Trin. Ic. 1. 146. — Panicum, R. S. P. protensum, PI. Spruce!
An anomalous congener, but closely approaching the following species; l'-2' high, slender;
leaves short, 4w-2'" broad; spikes 1" long: spikelets diam. — Hab. Jamaica!,

Sw., in arid sandy hills of the western districts ; Trinidad!, Lockh., Cr. ; [Venezuela! to
Brazil !].

71. P. setaceum, Mich. Rhizome creeping; leaves flat, pilose; spikes 2-1 (-3), slen-
der, slightly incurved, one terminal, inferior usually distant : axis linear, flat on the hack,
glabrous, narrower than the spikelets ; spikelets 4-seriate in pairs or 2-3-seriate, pedicellate,
roundish, blunt, glabrous (rarely puberulous) : sterile glumes 2, equalling the flower, obso-
•letely nerved. —Tim?. Ic. t. 129, 130. — P. dasyphyllum, Ell. P. ciliatifolium, Mich. P.
longifolium, Steud. — 1'-2' high ; leaves 4"-2" broad : spikes 2"(-4") long : spikelets i'!l
diam. — Hab. Antigua!, Wullsclil. ; [United States ! to Brazil!].

72. P. caespitosum, Fliigg. Rhizome creeping; leaves flat, glabrous, except at the

base ; spikes 1-4, slender, one terminal, the other distant : axis linear, flattish on the hack,
glabrous, narrower than the spikelets; spikelets 4(-3)-seriate in pairs, elliptical, blunt, pe-
dicellate, glabrescent: sterile glumes 3-5-nerved. — Trin. Ic. t. 121. — P. dissectum, Sw.
(non L.) P. rhizomatosum and coleopodum, Steud.- — loug; leaves 2"'-l|'" broad ;
spikes l"-2", spikelets broad. — Hab. Jamaica !, Wullsclil'., Al., on dry pastures ;

[Cuba ! to Guiana !].

73. P. Rmbriatum, Kth. Csespitose, erect ; leaves broadly flat, ciliate ; spikes 2-7,

one terminal, the other distant : axis 3-gonal, flat on the back, glabrescent (except at the
base), narrower than the spikelets; spikelets 4-scriatc, ovate, blunt, mucronate, pedicellate:
sterile glumes 3-nerved, both or inferior (the second) crested with a broad, lacerate, mar-
ginal wing. — Kth. Nov. Gen. t. 28. — l'-li' high; leaves 4"'-8"' broad, inferior long;
spikes l"-2", spikelets (without the wing) V" long: wing broad, rusty. — Hab. An-

tigua!, Wullsclil.; [New Granada, Brazil].

74. P. glabrnm, Pair. Crcspitose, erect; leaves long, flat, glabrous; spikes filiform,
3-10, slightly nodding, one terminal , the other distant, often one-sided: axis linear, convex
on the back, glabrous (except at the base), narrower than the spikelets ; spikelets 4-3-scriatc
with the pairs somewhat distant, obovate-oblong or elliptical-oblong, blunt, puberulous or
glabrescent, unequally pedicellate : sterile glumes 3-uervcd. — Trin. Ic. t. 126. — P. ischno-
caulon, Tr. P. milioidcs, Poir. : a form with 6"-S" long, numerous spikes. — 3' high ;
leaves about 2'" broad ; spikes 6"-2"(-8"), spikelets V" long, the latter greenish. — Hab.
Antigua!, Wullsclil.; [Haiti to S. Thomas].

75. P. plicatulum, Mich. Cccspitosc, stout, erect; inferior leaves long; spikes 3-1 2,
one terminal, the other distant : axis 3-gonal, flattish on the back, glabrous (except at the

GRAMINEiE.

543

base), narrower than the spikelets ; spikelets 4-3-seriatc, oval or obovatc-roundish, blunt,
pedicellate glabrescent : sterile glumes 5-nerved, superior (the third) at length flat within
the tumid margin— Trim. Ic. t. 140.— P. undulatum. Pair.— Nearly allied to P. scrobicu-
lalum, L., of the old world, the spikes of which have a broader axis. 2'-3' high, variable in
the down ; leaves 4"'-l'" broad ; spikes l"-2", spikelets 1"'-1V" long, the latter becoming
brown. — Hab. Jamaica !, all coll. : [United States to Uruguay !].

76. P. virgatum, L. Cicspitose, stout, erect ; leaves long, flat, glabrous, scabrous at
the margin ; spikes numerous , one terminal, about as long as the rest, the other spic.idiug,
subapproximate, rarely geminate : axis 3-gonal, convex or flattish on the back, scabrous at
the margin or ciliate (rarely glabrate), narrower than or as broad as the spikelets ; spikelets
4-seriate, obovate or roundish-elliptical, blunt, mucronate, pedicellate, pubescent at the
margin or glabrous : sterile glumes 5-nerved, superior slightly loosened at the margin. SI.
t. 69./. 2. — Andropogon fascieulatus, L. Sp. ed. ii. (ex Ic. SI.) — Very variable, 3 "-5"
high; leaves 8"'-3"' broad ; spikes 3"-5", spikelets 1'" long.

a. Axis nearly as broad as the spikelets; glumes becoming brown; leaves narrow.

j9. stramineum. Axis half as broad as the spikelets : glumes straw-coloured or at length
purplish-tawny, usually glabrous. — Trin. Ic. t. 131. — Leaves broad or narrow.

Hab. Jamaica!, A l, March, common in savannahs! (a, fr) ; Antigua!, Wullsclil. (0) ;
Trinidad !, Sieb. Tr. 11 ; [Cuba ! and Mexico ! to Uruguay !].

** Spikes numerous, the superior gradually shorter.

77. P. paniculatum, I. Csespitose, erect ; leaves long, broad, hairy or glabrescent,
undulate; spikes numerous, slender, superior shorter, approximate, inferior often 2— 3-nate,
most curved-spreading : axis 3-gonal, convex or flattish on the back, narrower than the
small spikelets ; spikelets 4-3-seriatc, roundish or obovate-roundish, blunt, puberulous on
the convex side, unequally pedicellate: sterile glumes 3-nerved. — SI. t. 72./. 2. Trin. Ic.
t. 127. — P. strictum, Pers. P. polystachyon, Salem. — 2'-3' high; leaves 8'"— 12"' broad;
inferior spikes 3'' long, spikelets diam., tinged with brown. — Hab. Jamaica!, all coll.;
Trinidad !, Sch. ; [Cuba ! and California ! to Rio Grande do Sul ! ; Galapagos !].

78. P. densum, Poir. Stout, erect; leaves long, glabrous; spikes very numerous,
thickish, densely approximate, spreading, superior gradually shorter, most 2-3-nate along
the sulcate cominou axis : special axis 3-gonal, flat on the back, ciliate with long hairs (or
“glabrate”), about as broad as the small spikelets; spikelets 4-seriate, roundish, rounded
with a minute blunt point, unequally pedicellate, glabrous : sterile glumes 3-nerved. — Trin.
Ic. t. 122. — 4-5' high; leaves 6'" broad; inferior spikes 2"(— 5"), uppermost V" long;
spikelets 1'" diam., straw-coloured. — Hab. S. Viucent!, Guild.; [Cuba! and Mexico! to
Brazil !].

Seet. 2. Cabreba, Lag. — Spikelets involucrate by a bundle of yellow bristles.

79. P. pulchrum, W. Csespitose, erect ; leaves hairy or ciliate at the base ; spikes
2-8, l(-2)-tenninal, most approximate: axis 3-gonal, flat on the back, as broad as the
spikelets, ciliate : involucral bristles yellowish, spreading, longer than the spikelets : spike-
lets 2-seriate, snbsessile, obovale-ob/ong, bluutish : sterile glumes 3-5-nerved, glabrous or
puberulous along the nerves. — Kth. Rev. t. 164. Trin. Ic. t. 99, 101 . — P. cauescens, Ns. ! :
the hairy form. P. ramosissimum, Ns. ! : a form branched at the base. P. chrysostachyum,
Sclired. : the form with glabrous glumes. P. aureum, PL Spruce. P. chrysodactylou. Tr.
— 2-3' high; leaves somewhat rigid, 4"'-2"' broad; spikes 4"-2"(-l"), spikelets f",
bristles V" long. — Hab. Trinidad !, Cr. ; [Guiana !, Brazil !].

33. DIGITARIA, Scop.

Character of Paspalum, but fertile glume membranaceous at the margin, and broadly over-
lapping the palea. Lowest sterile glume often appearing, but minute. Caryopsis concave-
convex, rarely flat-convex. — Hoot mostly annual ; spiciform racemes approximate or fasci-
cled: spikelets narrow, in pairs, one pedicellate, the other snbsessile : fertile glume placed
against the axis.

* Spikes sabered.

78. D. filiformis, Miihl. ( non KoeV). Slender, hairy at the base; leaves narrow’

544

GRAMINE2E.

spikes 2-8, suberect : axis filiform ; spikelets elliptical ohlong, pointed ; lowest glume
wanting, secoud little shorter than the flower. — Trin. Ic. t. 148. — Panicum, L. Paspalum,
Flugg. Milium paniceum, Sw. — 4-2' high ; spikes l"-2", spikelets long ; flower
purple; caryopsis flat-convex. — Hab. Jamaica {Sw.), in dry, sandy soil; [United States!
to Brazil !].

** Spikes spreading.

79. D. marginata, Lk. Softly pilose below; spikes 2-8, spreading : axis 3-winged,
about as broad as the spikelets; spikelets lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate, pointed; lowest
glume minute or abortive, second exceeding half the flower, third 5- nerved , pubescent at
the margin : its lateral nerves converging. — Trin. Ic. t. 93. — Milium digitatum, Sw.!
(Paspalum, Klh. ; D. jamaiceusis, Spreng.) : a form with glabrous leaves, and the lowest
glume often abortive ; what Swartz says of serrate leaves, refers to their margin sometimes
undulate, as occurs often in Paniceee. D. eriogona, Lk. {Panicum, Sehrad. 1) : a form with
the leaves and their sheaths softly pilose. I), agyptiaca , Parlat. (non Retz). Panicum glau-
cescens, Ns. Distinguished from 1). sanguinalis, Scop., by narrow, usually greenish
spikelets, and a longer second glume; spikelets 1'" long. — Hab. Jamaica!, all coll., in dry
pastures; S. Kitts !, Els., Antigua!, Wullschl. ; [southern United States! to Chile! and
Brazil!; Galapagos! to Australia ! ; East Indies!; Arabia ! to trop. Africa !].

80. 35. setigera, Rth. Softly pilose below, spikes numerous (-5-2), spreading : axis
narrowly 3-winged, usually bearing a long hair below several pedicels, little narrower than
or as broad as the spikelets; spikelets lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate, pointed; lowest
glume minute, second half as long as the flower, third 5- nerved , pubescent at the margin :
all its nerves equidistant, nearly parallel. — D. horizoutalis, W. (Panicum, Mey., Ns. !).
D. setosa, Desv. (Panicum Hamiitonii, Kth.). — Spikelets greenish, 1'" long. — Hab.
Jamaica !, Wils. ; Antigua !, Wullschl., Dominica !, Imr. ; Trinidad !, Or. ; [all tropical
countries; Cape],

34. ERIOCHLOA, Kth.

Character of Paspalum, but fertile glume exceeded by the sterile pair and terminated
with an included, pubescent awn or tuft of hairs. Spikelets hairy, pointed, pedicellate :
pedicel abruptly thickened at the joint below the flower. — Spiciform racemes subsessile,
usually alternate along the common axis.

81. E. punctata, Hamilt. Perennial; stem erect, pubescent above : nodes pubescent ;
leaves and sheaths glabrous ; racemes erect, alternate, bearing many spikelets : axis pubes-
ceut; spikelets ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, sericeous-hairv, inferior geminate, superior
single ; superior sterile glume devoid of a palea, fertile awned : awn one-third as long as its
glume. — Trin. Ic. t. 153.— Milium, L. Ilelopus, Trin. Paspalum, Trin. — 1'-3' high;
spikelets 2"' long. — Hab. Jamaica {Sw.) : in wet pastures ; Antigua !, Wullschl., S. Vin-
ceut!, Guild. ; Trinidad!, Cr.; [Arkansas! to Buenos Ayres !].

35. STENOTAPI1RUM, Tr.

Spikelets inserted into the excavations of the axis. Lowest glume minute, exterior :
second supporting the fertile flower (or abortive) : third of firmer texture, usually <? . Fer-
tile flower coriaceous, awnless.— Long-creeping, stolouiferous grasses ; leaves distichous,
flat : sheath spreading ; spike simple or inflorescence contracted : branches short, jointed.

82 S araericanum, Sc.hrk.. Leaves linear, blunt : sheath compressed : spike one-
sided: axis compressed, broader than the spikelets, convcx-flattish on both sides: branches
aimressed, , sunk into its 2-scriate excavations: spikelets 1-2, one at the base of toe branch,
the other (if present) at its summit.— Schrlc. II. Monac. t. 98. Rottbcclha dinndiata, Sw.
R stolonifera, Poir. Diastemanthe platystachys, Steud. Spikelets oblong-lanceolate,
pointed 2'" long.— IIab. Jamaica!, At. March; S. Kitts!, Antigua 1, Wullschl., Domi-
nica!, Imr. ; Trinidad!, Cr. ; [Bermudas!; Mexico! to Buenos Ayres!; Sandwich

islands !].

30. ORTIIOPOGON, R. Br.

Sterile glumes 3, herbaceous, awned, the 2 superior gradually larger aud shorter-awned (or

GRAMINEJS.

545

not awned). Fertile flower cliartaceous, awnless. — Ascending, broad-leaved grasses, radicant
at the base ; spike compound, often interrupted : spikelets one-sided.

83. O. hirtellus, R. Br. Leaves lanceolate, acuminate, undulate, puberulous : sheath
pilose; spikes distant; common axis pubescent: spikelets 3—10, pubescent; lowest awn
smooth, bluntish, 3-5 times as long as its glume ; third glume shortly awned, furnished with
a palea. — Panicum, L., Sio. (Oplismenus, R. S.). P. velutinum, Mey. — Leaves li"-2i" long,

broad; lowest awn 4"— 5'" long.- — -Hab. Jamaica !, March, in woods ; Trinidad I,
Sch. ; [Guiana].

84. O. loliaceus, Spreng. Leaves oblong-lanceolate or lanceolate, acuminate, glabrous
(or glabrescent) : sheath glabrous, ciliate (rarely sparingly pilose) ; spikes about as long
as their internodes, usually oblong : common axis nearly glabrous, special hispid : spikelets
fascicled, subdistaut, glabrous or glabrescent ; lowest awn smooth, bluntish, 3-4 times as
long as its glume ; third glume shortly awned, furnished with a palea. — Panicum, Lam.
Oplismenus, F. B. 0. cubensis, Spreng. — Leaves 2"-4" long, 5 "'-8'" broad; spikes 5"'—
10"', lowest awn 4"'-8'" long. — Hab. Dominica !, Imr. ; Trinidad !, Cr. ; [Cuba ! and
Mexico! to Brazil!].

85. O. setarius, Spreng. Leaves ovate-lanceolate or lanceolate, shortly acuminate,
glabrescent : sheath ciliate ; spikes short, very distant : common axis nearly glabrous,
special hispidulous : spikelets 3-7, glabrescent with ciliate glumes, approximate ; lowest
awn smooth, bluntish, much longer than its glume ; third glume shortly awned, furnished
•with a palea. — Panicum, Lam. Oplismenus, P. B. — Habit exactly of 0. undid atifolius,
Spreng., which has pilose sheaths and undulate leaves. Leaves l"-2" long, 3"'-6'" broad ;
spikes 2",-4'", lowest glume 3"'-6"' long. — Hab. Jamaica!, A. 1. , Wils. ; Antigua!, Wullschl.,
Dominica !, Imr. ; [Cuba ! and Mexico 1 to Brazil],

37. PANICUM, L.

Sterile glumes 3, herbaceous or membranaceous, awnless, lowest clasping, mostly smaller,
superior usually furnished with a palea. Fertile flower at length cartilaginous, usually awn-
less, fiat-convex or ovoid.

Sect. 1. Bkachiauia, Tr. — Fertile flower flat-convex. Spikelets ellipsoidal, pointed,

2-4-seriate on one side of the axis, in terminal and lateral, subsessile, alternate spikes or

spiciform racemes.

§ 1. Fertile flower compressed from the back, awnless (Paspaloidea, Ns.).

86. P. paspaloides, Pers. Perennial, glabrous; leaves linear-acuminate: ligule
shortly ciliate ; lateral spikes about as long as their internodes, erect ; spikelets 2-seriate,
very shortly pedicellate, glabrous ; lowest glume subtruncate, one-third as long as, second
little shorter than, the fertile flower, the latter ovate, pointed, dotted. — Trin. Ic. t. 168. —
P. truncatum, Tr. P. affine, Ns. — 1'-2' high ; spikes 12"'-6'" long, 10-20, inferior
longer ; spikelets 1'" long.— Hab. Antigua !, Wullschl. ; [Haiti ! and Mexico to Brazil ;
Egypt ! to trop. Africa and East Indies].

§ 2. Fertile flower terminated by a scabrous mucro. Embryo larger than half the length
of the albumen (Echinochloa, P. B.).

87. P. colonum, L. Annual; leaves linear-acuminate, glabrous : ligule none ; lateral

spikes about as long as their internodes ; spikelets 4i(-G)-seriate, very shortly pedicellate,
scabrous-pubescent ; sterile glumes mucronate, lowest short, 2 superior equalling or shortly
exceeding the fertile flower, the latter elliptical, nearly half-terete, minutely mucronate. —
Trin. Ic. t. 160. — P. pseudocolonum, Rlh. : a form with bristles at the base of the spikes.
I'. Daltoni, Parlat. ! : the same. P. zonale, Grass. : a form with purple-zonate leaves.
P. brizoides, Sw. I ( non L). P. fluitans, Mey. Iisseq. ( non Retz). P. Petiveri, Kotsch.
Nub. (non Tnn.).—-V-\f high; spikes 6"'-12'" long, 4-20, inferior longer ; spikelets V"
long. Hab. Jamaica !, all coll.; Antigua!, Wullschl., Dominica !, Imr. ; Trinidad!, A!. ;
[common in all tropical countries, ranging to Texas!, Florida!, Spain!, southern Italy!,
Egypt ! and Arabia!]. 1

54G

GRAMINE2E.

88. P. Cms-galli, L. Annual, erect; leaves linear-acuminate, glabrous: ligule none ;
lateral spikes exceeding their internodes ; spikelets 4-6- seriate , shortly pedicellate, hispi-
dulous ; sterile glumes mucronate, the third usually awned, lowest short, the 2 superior
equalling or shortly exceeding the fertile llower, the latter elliptical, half-terete, smooth
mucronate. Trin. Ic. t. 161.— Spikes l"-3", spikelets 2"'-l'" long. The West Indian
forms are, P. echinatum , W. (Trin. t. 162) : spikelets large, very long-awned ; and P. sabu-
licolum. Ns. (Trin. t. 163) : spikelets awned, small.— Hab. Trinidad!, Cr.; [all temperate
and most tropical countries] .

SJ. P. spectabile, Ns. Stout; nodes bearded ; leaves long ; lanceolate-acuminate ,
glab rescent : ligule long-ciliate ; spikes numerous, superior exceeding their internodes : axis
bearing bristles; spikelets 4—6- seriate , shortly pedicellate, hispid-ciliate ; lowest glume
bioadly clasping, pointed, half as long as the flower, second mucronate, third awned; fertile
flower ovate, pointed and mucronate, smooth.— Trin. Ic. t. 166.— P. aristatum, Macf. !
Oplismenus jamaicensis, Kth— Hab. Jamaica !, Macf. ; Antigua !, Wullschl. ; [Tabasco !,
Guiana !, Brazil !].

Sect. 2. Viegaria, Tr. emend. — Fertile flower flat-convex. Spikelets ellipsoidal (or lan-
ceolate), pointed, panicidate : pedicels mostly angular, often geminate.

§ 1 . Axis of the panicle once or twice divided : branches scattered ( rarely fascicled) : pe-
dicels short, mostly shorter than the spilcelet, irregularly or strictly one-sided.

* Fertile flower compressed from the back, transversely wrinkled with dots.

90. P. prostratum, Lam. Creeping, radicant at the base ; leaves short, lanceolate-
acuminate or ovate-lanceolate, clasping at the ciliate base; panicle short, simply branched ;
spikelets glabrous, erect, one-sided, one in the pair subsessile ; lowest glume short, subtrun-
cate, 2 superior exceeding the fertile flower, second 7-, third 5-nerved; fertile flower ellip-
tical, compressed from the back, dotted, minutely mucronate. — Inn. Ic. t. 184, 185. —
P. CcCspitosum, Sw. P. procumbens, Ns. P. umbrosum, Retz. P. insularum, Steud. —
Leaves l"-2'', spikes 6,"-12", long, the latter usually green, spreading -erect ; spikelets 1'"
long : rhachis often with bristles. — Hab. Jamaica (Sw.), in dry pastures ; Antigua !,
Wullschl. ; [Louisiana! and Cuba! to Brazil ! ; Egypt! and Arabia! to East Indies ! and
Australia !].

91. P. g-rossarium, L., Sw. Ascending, ceespitose; leaves lanceolate-linear, acumi-
nate, ciliate at the base ; panicle spreading : branches simple, few ; spikelets glabrous (“ or
puberulous ”), erect, irregularly one-sided : lowest glume deltoid, pointed, one-third as long
as the spilcelet, 2 superior exceeding the fertile flower, both 5-nerved ; fertile flower ellip-
tical; bluntish, compressed from the back, dotted. —Trin. Ic. t. 169. — P. adspersum, Tr. —
1-2' high ; leaves 2"-4" long, 4'" broad; spikes 2", spikelets about 1 i"' long, the latter
cuspidate, green. — Hab. Jamaica! (Linn.), March; Saba!, Forsstrom, Antigua!, Wullschl.;
[Haiti, S. Barthelemy !].

** Fertile flower nearly half -terete, transversely wrinkled with dots.

92. P. carthaginense, Sic. Cmspitose, branched, prostrate or ascending, pubescent;
leaves lanceolate -acuminate ; panicle short, narrow: branches f etc, simple: axis villose-
pilose ; spikelets puberulous or glabrous, erect, irregularly one-sided ; lowest glume broadly
ovate, pointed, 3-5-nervcd, half as long as the spikelets, 2 superior equalling the fertile
flower, second 7-, third 5-nerved : nerves reticulated by transverse veins ; fertile flower
ellipsoidal, pointed, dotted, half-terete. — P. multicuhnum, Anders.! : the form with glabrous
spikelets. — Stems 6"-12” long ; leaves l"-2" long, 3'"-2'" broad ; panicle l"-2", spikelets
1-)'" long, the latter greenish, purple above. — Hab. Jamaica!, Al. ; [Mexico to New
Granada; Galapagos!].

93. P. fuscum, Sw. Annual, erect; leaves linear- or lanceolate-acuminate, glabrous :
sheath pilose or glabrescent; ];anicle spreading, simply branched: axis hairy; spikelets
glabrous, erect, irregularly one-sided; lowest glume deltoid, pointed, 3-nerved , one-third
to half as long as the spilcelet, 2 superior little exceeding the fertile flower, both 7-, or the
third 5-7-nervcd: nerves reticulated by transverse veins; fertile flower roundish-ellip-
soidal, bluntish, dotted, half-terete. — Trin. Ic. t. 206. — l'-3'high; leaves 3"-10", spike-
lets 1'" long, the latter brown or dark-purple.

GRA.MINE2E.

547

a. Leaves 3,,r— 5,,/ broad : sheath often glabrescent ; panicle 3"-4" long : branches scat-
tered.— P. reticulatum, PI. Carib.

f}. fasciculatum, Sw. Stouter; leaves 6,w— ll,w broad; panicle 6"-3" long: lower
branches half-whorled. — P. paludicola, Steud. : the Guadeloupe-plant (non Ns.).

IIab. Jamaica !, all coll., a, along watercourses, /8, in pastures; Trinidad!, Cr. Q3) ;
[Cuba ! and Mexico ! to Brazil ! ; Texas ! ; Galapagos !].

94. P. flavescens, S/o. Annual, erect ; leaves lanceolate-linear or elliptical-lanceolate,
acuminate, costate , pilose or glabrate ; panicle spreading : branches simple, scattered : axis
bearing bristles and hairs ; spikelet.s glabrous, erect, irregularly one-sided ; lowest glume
broadly ovate, bluntish, 3-nerved, one-quarter to one-third as long as the spikelet, second
7-5-nerved, two-thirds as long as the fertile flora er, third equalling it, 5-nerved: nerves
not connected ; fertile flower ellipsoidal, pointed, slightly compressed from the back,
dotted. — P. paractrenioides, Tr. — Allied to P. palmifolium, l-A'-4' high ; leaves 3"-8" long,
4 "'-14'" broad : the broader ones plaited : sheath softly pilose ; panicle 4"-8", spikelets 1 "
long, the latter yellowish-green or with a purple tinge. — LIab. Jamaica!, Widlschl., Pd.,
March, S. Andrews, Manchester, in arid places, Bluefield mountains in Westmoreland; An-
tigua !, Wullschl.

95. P. palmifolium, Pair. Stout ; leaves long, elliptical -lanceolate, narrowly acumi-
nate, plaited-costate, delicately pilose beneath ; panicle long, dense : branches spreading-
erect, long, inferior Compound , racemiform : axis slightly scabrous, bearing bristles ; spike-
lets glabrous, erect, irregularly one-sided ; lowest glume ovate-oblong, with bluntish point,
5-3-nerved, half as long as the spikelet, second 7-5-nerved, as long as the fertile flower,
third exceeding it, 5-nerved ; fertile flower ellipsoidal, pointed, slightly compressed from
the back, dotted. — P. plicatum haitiense, Kth. : probably confounded with the East Indian
P. plicatum, Lam., Koxb. (Jacq. Eclog. Gr. t. 1. Trim Ic. t. 223), in which the lowest
glume is much shorter and ovate-rounded. Leaves 12"-16" long, l"-2" broad ; panicle If',
inferior branches 6", secondary ones 6'" long, the latter appressed ; spikelets green, If
long, exceeded by the scattered bristles. — Hab. Jamaica !, March; [Haiti (ex syn. Kth.)].

96. P. sulcatum, Aubl. Stout; leaves long, elliptical-lanceolate, acuminate, plaited-
costate, glabrescent ; panicle long, dense : branches short, spreading, inferior compound,
racemiform : axis scabrous, bearing bristles ; spikelets glabrous, erect, one-sided ; lowest
glume ovate-roundish, blunt, 5-3-nerved, one-third as long as the spikelet, second 7-5-
nerved, half as long as the fertile flower, third equalling it, 5-nerved ; fertile flower ellip-
soidal, pointed, half-terete, slightly dotted. — Setaria, Bert. — 4'-6' high ; leaves and panicle
of the preceding, but branches shorter, the largest usually 2" long, bristles more numerous,
and spikelets V" long. — Hab. Trinidad!, Sch. [Mexico ! to Brazil!].

97- P- molle, Sw. Perennial, stout, ascending; nodes villous; leaves long, linear-
acuminate, glabrescent ; panicle lax : branches mostly simple, somewhat distant (or a few
fascicled) : spikelets glabrous, one-sided, spreading ; lowest glume deltoid , small, one-fourth
as long as the spikelet, 1 -nerved, 2 superior equalling the fertile ilovver : 5-nerved : nerves
not connected ; fertile flower roundish-ellipsoidal, bluntish, half-terete, slightly dotted. —
Trin. Ic. t. 318. — P. barbinode, Tr. P. guadalupeuse, Steud. P. Meyerianum, Ns. (in PI.
Spruce). P. sarmentosum, lioxb. P. punctulatum, Am. — 6-2' high, pubescent or gla-
brate ; panicle greenish, 6"-8" long : branches spreading, about 2", spikelets 1'" long. —
Hab. Jamaica !, naturalized as an excellent pasture-grass, Wils. ; Trinidad !, Cr. ; [Cuba!
to Brazil ! ; trop. Africa ! to the Cape ; East Indies !].

*** Fertile flower smooth.

98. P. oryzoides, Sw. ! Perennial, stout, ascending, glabrous (or glabrescent); leaves
cordate-lanceolate, acuminate ; panicle tax : branches simple, distant : spikelets large,
glabrous, irregularly one-sided, erect ; glumes exserted with a minute, bluntish appendage at
t.h(; pointed summit, lowest ovate, 3-nerved, exceeding half the spikelet , 2 superior equalling
the fertile flower, 5-nerved ; fertile flower elliptical-oblong , smooth, half-terete. — Kth. Rev.

^ . zizanioides, Kth. 5/-2/ high; leaves 3,,-(i,/ long, 5^-1 0^ broad, panicle 6^—
8 h>nf?> Sreen : branches 3"-4" long; spikelets distant, 3'" long. — Hab. Jamaica!, Sw.,
At., March, Wullschl., in mountain-woods; [Guiana !, Brazil 1] .

99. P. stenodes, Or. Annual, eaespitosc, erect, glabrous: leaves setaceous-linear, in-

548

GRAMINEiE.

volute ; panicle narrow : branches few, distant, suberect, inferior compound, racemiform :
spilcelets minute, glabrous, irregularly one-sided, erect ; lowest glume one-third to half as
long as the spikelet, 3-nerved, 2 superior 5-7-nerved, equalling the fertile flower, or the
second a little shorter ; fertile flower ellipsoidal , pointed, smooth, half-terete.— P. hians,
PI. Spruce ( non Ml.). P-l V high; panicle l"-2,,) spilcelets long, the latter greenish,
pointed. Hab. Jamaica !, Pd., in savannahs, Manchester ; Trinidad !, Pd., in sandy swamps ;
[Cuba!; Brazil!]. 1

100. P. diffusum, Sw. Annual, erect: nodes villous ; leaves linear-acuminate, glabrous ;
panicle las, spreading : branches scattered, inferior sparingly compound, racemiform : pe-
dicels often longer than the spikelet : spilcelets glabrous, irregularly one-sided, erect ; lowest
glume half as long as the spikelet, 5- nerved , second 9-13 -nerved, a little shorter thau the
7-9-nerved third one, both exceeding the ellipsoidal, pointed, half-terete, smooth fertile
flower. Trin. Ic . t. 263. P. hirsutum, V. I ( nonSw .). — l,-2/ high, anomalous in § 1 by
its ofteu filiform pedicels, which in smaller specimens however are short ; leaves rigid :
sheath glabrous or pilose ; panicle 3 "-6", spilcelets 1"' long, the latter pale-green.— Hab.
Antigua!, Wullschl.; [Cuba!, S. Croix!].

101. P. laxum, Sw. ! Stem compressed, ascending from a creeping base: nodes gla-
brous ; leaves linear-acuminate, glabrous ; panicle spreading : inferior branches com-
pound, racemiform : spilcelets minute, glabrous, irregularly one-sided, erect; lowest glume
one-third to half as long as the spikelet, l-S-neiwed, 2 superior equalling the fertile flower,
second 5-, third 3-nerved ; fertile flower elliptical-oblong, pointed, smooth, half-terete. —
Kth. Rev. t. 110. irin. Ic. t. 215. — P. tenuiculmum, Meg. P. diandrum, Kth. : stamens
2~3- P- ramuliflorum, Hochst.l — 2,-3; high; panicle greenish or tinged with purple,
4',-15" long ; spilcelets long, acute, or with a bluntish point. — Hab. Jamaica !, Sw.,
March, on wet pastures; Antigua!, Wullschl., Dominica!, Imr.; [Cuba ! to Brazil !].

102. P. potamium, Trin. Stem angular below, ascending from a creeping base : nodes
villous ; leaves linear-acuminate, rounded at the base, glabrous; panicle spreading, deltoid:
branches compound, with spreading, racemiform branchlets : axis bearing a few bristles :
spilcelets glabrous, strictly one-sided, spreading or superior deflexed ; lowest glume one-half
to one-third as long as the spikelet, 3-nerved, 2 superior little exceeding the fertile flower,
second 3-5-, third 3-nerved; fertile flower elliptical-lanceolate, pointed, smooth, half-
terete. — P. hydrophilum, Tr. ( non Schult.) P. polygonatum, Sieb. Trin. ( non Schrad.).
P. tenuiculmum, Ns. in PI. Seem. ! ( non Meg.). — l,-2, high ; panicle pale-green,

diam. : inferior secondary branches 1", spilcelets fw long,. — Hab. Trinidad!, Sieb., Sch.j
[Mexico ! to Brazil !].

103. P. distichum, Lam. Stoloniferous, erect or ascending, glabrous or pilose at the
nodes and sheaths ; leaves lanceolate- or linear-acuminate, rounded at the base ; panicle
spreading, tapering at the summit : branches simple, numerous, uppermost shorter, approxi-
mate ; spilcelets ovate, glabrous, deflexed; lowest glume half as long as the spilcelets, 3-5-
nerved, 2 superior equal, 5-nerved, as long as the ovate, pointed, smooth, half-terete fertile
flower. — -Trin. Ic. t. 213. — 1'-5' high ; panicle 4"-12”, its inferior subdistant branches
1"-1|", green spilcelets long.

a. Nodes glabrous ; leaves 8,',-4w broad ; spilcelets exceeded by the scattered hairs of the
.axis.

0. pilosum., Sw. Nodes pilose-bearded ; leaves 4,"-5'" broad ; panicle shorter : branches
more distant : axis pilose with scattered hairs.

7. lancifolium. Stout; nodes densely villous; leaves 8"'-10w broad; panicle long:
axis of its branches glabrous.

Hab. Jamaica!, Al., Wits., common in pastures (/3) ; Dominica !, Imr. (a), S. Vincent !,
Guild. ; Trinidad !, Sch., Or. (a, 7) ; [Mexico to Brazil ! ; Pacific islands],

1 04. P. frondescens, Meg. Ascending from a creeping base, glabrescent ; leaves
striate, obliquely oblong-lanceolntc or ovate-lanceolate, acuminate : sheath ciliatc ; panicle
spreading, tapering above : branches simple, much longer than their internodes, superior
gradually shorter, densely approximate : spilcelets ovate-lanceolate, glabrous, deflexed -spread-
ing ; lowest glume one-third to one-fonrtli as long as the spikelet, 3-nerved, second ex-
ceeded by the third, 5-7-nerved, third twice as long as the oblong-lanceolate, pointed,
smooth, half-terete fertile flower. — Kth. R6v. 1. 108. — P. stolouiferum, var. majus, Tr.—

GllAMINEiE.

549

l'-3' high ; leaves 1*"'-*"' broad, petioled ; panicle 7 "-2", its inferior branches l"-£", spike-
lets long, the latter green. — Hab. S. Vincent!, Guild.; Irimdad ., Gr. ;

[Guiana !, Brazil !].

105. P. stoloniferum, Pair. Creeping, diffuse, softly hairy; leaves short, striate,
oblong-lanceolate, pointed ; panicle short, spreading : branches simple, about twice as long
as their internodes : spikelets ovate-lanceolate, glabrous, one-sided, deflexed j lowest glume
short, 3-nerved, 2 superior subequal, almost twice as long as the elliptical-lanceolate,
pointed, smooth, half-terete fertile flower. — Kth. Rev. t. 22. Trim. Ic. t. 171." -P- ctenodes,
pr — Stems 6'" long; leaves 8'" long, 2'" broad, usually equal at the subpetioled, rounded
base; panicle 1 "-2", its branches 4"'-6"', spikelets long, the latter yellowish-green.—
Hab. Trinidad!, Cr., common in woods ; [Guiana, Brazil].

§ 2. Panicle very loose, Uvice or more divided: inferior branches whorled, or half-

wlwrled : pedicels erect.

10G*. P. maximum, Jacq. Perennial, stout: nodes (“usually”) villous; leaves
linear-acuminate or lauceolate-linear, ciliate at the base and ligule ; panicle large : lowei
branches whorled, racemiform, usually bearing a few bristles : pedicels unequal, filiform :
spikelets elliptical-oblong , glabrous ; lowest glume short, ovate-rounded, subincurved,
2 superior little exceeding the fertile flower, 3-7-nerved ; third $ with a palea ; fertile
fioxcer transversely wrinkled, half-terete. — Jacq. Ic. Par. t. 13. P. jumentonim, Pers.
P. trichocoudylum, Steud. P. fasciculatum, PI. Carib. ( non Sw.) 5/ 10; high ; panicle
1'-1V, spikelets H'" long.— Hab. Naturalized and cultivated in Jamaica !, Al. ; Antigua !,
Wullschl. ; S. Vincent, Guild. ; Trinidad ! Lk. ; [Cuba ! and Mexico ! to Buenos Ayres !,
once introduced from trop. Africa].

107. P. elephantipes, Ns. Perennial, stout: nodes glabrous; leaves broadly linear-
acuminate, ciliate at the base and ligule, delicately hairy on the upper side, glabrous beneath
and at the sheath ; panicle large : lower branches whorled, all diffuse : pedicels unequal,
angular : spikelets oblong-lanceolate, glabrous ; lowest glume short, ovate-deltoid, 1 -nerved,
2 superior little exceeding the fertile flower, 7-5-nerved, third devoid of a palea ; fertile
flowers smooth, compressed from the back, acuminate. — P. fistulosum, Hochst. — Stem f
thick below, constricted at the brown nodes ; leaves long, 4"'-8"' broad ; panicle pale green,
1 '—1 -J ', spikelets l|'"-2"' long. — Hab. Jamaica!, Pd., in ditches, in the great morass of
Westmoreland ; [Guiana !, Brazil !].

108. P. Rudgei, R. S., Ns. Woody below, rigid: nodes sericeous; leaves linear-
acuminate : sheath hispid with the bristles inserted into tubercles ; panicles very diffuse,
terminal and axillary subapproximate, subsessile : lowest branches fascicled : pedicels long,
slender, angular: spikelets ellipsoidal, mucronate, lowest glume ovate-lanceolate, 5-9-
nerved, exceeding half the spikelet, 2 superior exceeding the fertile flower, 7— 9-nerved,
third $ with apalea ; fertile flower smooth, elliptical, bluntish, compressed from the back.
— Rudy. Guian. t. 29. — P. scoparium, Rudg. {non Mich.) P. cayennense, var. majus, Tr.
P. cayennense, Lara. (P. cayennense, var. minus) is a very different, annual grass, belonging
to Miliaria. — 4-6' high, 1 V"-2"' thick, variable in down ; inferior leaves 3"'-5"' broad ;
inflorescence l'-3' long : the axillary panicles often exceeded by their supporting leaf ;
spikelets 1'" long. — Hab. Trinidad!, Cr., in savannahs; [Guiana !, Brazil !].

109. P. hirsutum, Sw. ! Woody below, erect : nodes sericeous ; leaves long, lanceo-

late-linear, glabrous, ciliate at the ligule : sheath hispid with spreading-erect bristles ; panicle
large : lower branches half-whorled, secondary racemiform : pedicels unequal, angular :
spikelets, ellipsoidal, glabrous ; lowest glume ovate, pointed, i-f as long as the spikelet,
5- nerved , 2 superior little exceeding the fertile flower, second 11-, third 9-nei-vcd, the latter
with a palea, but neutral ; fertile flowers smooth, ellipsoidal, somewhat pointed, slightly
compressed from the back. — 10-12' (-4') high; lower internodes 8"— 10" loug, 6-8'"
thick ; leaves 2' long, 1J''-1" broad ; panicle !'-2' spikelets 1 long. — Hab. Jamaica!,

Sw. ; Trinidad!, Or., Lagoon of Cedros ; [Haiti].

110. P. altissimum, Meg. Woody, “arborescent:” nodes glabrous: leaves long,
lanceolate-linear, acuminate, glabrous: ligule lacerate: sheath hispid with the deciduous
bristles inserted into persistent tubercles ; panicle large : all branches whorled, simple, ra-
cemiform, naked below : pedicels short, distant, irregularly one-sided, angular : spikelets

550

GRAMINE7E.

ellipsoidal, glabrous; lowest glume short, blunt , 3-5 -nerved, 2 superior equalling the fertile
flowers, 7-9-nerved, third with a galea, but neutral ; fertile flower smooth, cOipsoidally
pointed, half-terete.— P. elatius, Kth — 6'-30' high, 4'"-6'" thick: leaves l'-li' long,
12"'-15"' broad; panicle l'-li', its branches 6"'-8"', spikelets If" long. — Hab. Trinidad \,
Or., in savannahs ; [Mexico ! to Brazil].

Sect. 3. Ichnantiius, P. B. — Character of Virgaria, but fertile flowers with two marginal

heels or ligular appendages at the base, and exterior glumes less unequal. — Leaves ovate,

oi- lanceolate.

* Ligular appendages of the flower wanting.

Ill- S’- alsinoides, Gr. (n. sp.) Creeping, delicate, softly pilose (or glabrescent) ;
leaves ovate, acuminate, oblique at the sessile base; panicle few-branched : branches short,
simple : pedicels short : spikelets oblong-lanceolate, acuminate, erect ; lowest glume two-
thirds as long as the spikelets, 3-nerved, 2 superior 5-nerved, exceeding the fertile flower,
third neutral, with a palea ; fertile flower smooth, elliptical-lanceolate, bluntish, compressed
from the back : basilar furrows keeled: keels decurrent to the callus below the flowers. — Nearly
allied to the following, and probably not distinguished from it by Swartz, but habit of P.
stoloniferum, down soft, aud proportions of the glumes different. Stems usually 3"-5" long,
ascending from branched, rooting stolons ; leaves S'"— 12'" long, 3"'-4'" broad, hairy on both
sides (or glabrescent); panicle 6'"— 1 2"' long, often interrupted below: spikelets lJ'"-2'"
long, glabrescent, or hairy at the second glume, the latter equalling or exceeding the third,
simply acuminate or with an awn-like point. — Hab. Jamaica !, March ; St. Kitts ! ; Trini-
dad !, Pd., in dense shady woods ; [Venezuela !, Ecuador 1].

112. P. nemorosam, Sic. Creeping-diffuse, hairy, or glabrescent ; leaves ovate, or
ovate-lanceolate, pointed, oblique at the half-clasping base ; panicle narrow, few-branched :
branches short, simple : pedicels short : spikelets elliptical- oblong, erect : 3 sterile glumes
subequal, or slightly unequal, exceeding the fertile flowers, lowest 3-nerved, 2 superior
5-nerved, third $ with a palea; fertile flower smooth, oblong, bluntish, nearly half-terete,
2-keeled at the base : keels decurrent to the callus below the flower. — Trin. Ic. t. 210. —
1/-2' long ; leaves 1"— 2" long, 4"'-S'" broad : hairs spreading from tubercles ; panicle 1"-1|",
spikelets 2"'-ls'" long. — Hab. Jamaica (JSw.) ; [Haiti; Venezuela!].

113. P. pallens, Sw. Ascending, branched, glabrous (except at the ciliate sheaths);

leaves ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, oblique at the ciliate, sessile base ; panicle spreading :
branches simple, or inferior compound, racemiform : pedicels angular : spikelets elliptical-
oblong, erect; lowest glume three-fourths to one-half as long as the spikelets, 3-5-nerved,
2 superior 5-7-ncrved, exceeding the fertile flowers, third usually $ , with a palea ; fertile
flowers smooth, oblong, blunt, nearly half-terete : basilar furrows keeled: keels decurrent
to the narrow callus below the flowers. — Trin. Ic. t. 211. — Variable, 1'— 3' high; leaves
2"-5" long, 6'"— IS'" broad ; panicle 2"-6", spikelets long. — 'Hab. Jamaica !, Pd.,

Wits., Wullschl., common in woods; Antigua!, Wul/sch/., Dominica!, Imr. ; Trinidad!,
Cr. ; [Cuba ! and Mexico ! to Buenos Ayres ! ; Australia ! ; East Indies !].

** Fertile flower with two ligular appendages at the base.

114. P. nemorale, Schrad. Erect, leafy; leaves oblong-lanceolate, acuminate, striate,
glabrous, petioled : sheath ciliate, or villous ; panicle spreading : branches scattered, simple,
or compound: pedicels geminate, short : spikelets oblong, with a bluntish poiut, erect; all
glumes subequal, or the lowest one-tldrd shorter, the latter 3-5-nerved, 2 following 5-7-
nerved : nerves costatc ; fertile flower smooth, oblong-lanceolate, bluntish, half-terete,
thrice as long as the 2 basilar appendages. — Trin. Ic. t. 217 — P. Martianum, Ns. Ich-
nanthus almadensis, Kth.. — 1'— 2'(— 5') high, variable : our Trinidad form (P. Sabiuei, Tr.) has
cnsate, glabrous leaves, simple panicle-branches, and the lowest glume shorter than the
others. Leaves 6"'— 4'" broad ; spikelets 2'" long. — Hab. Trinidad 1, Cr. ; [Brazil!]

115. P. lagotis, Trin. Erect, leafy ; leaves ovate -oblong, or ovate-lanceolate, point-
leted, striate, glabrous, petioled : sheath ciliate ; panicle lax : brnuches scattered, or gemi-
nate, simple : pedicels unequal, angular : spikelets elliptical-lanceolate, pointed, erect ;
lowest glume half as long as the spUcelet, 3-5-nerved, 2 superior equalling the fertile
flowers, 5-7 -nerved : nerves costate ; fertile flowers smooth, oblong-lanceolate, bluntish,

GRAMINEiE.

551

half-terete, twice as long as the 2 basilar appendages.— Stems 3 '-4' high, several from a
fibrous root; leaves 4"-3" long, H"-F broad ; panicle 2"-6", spikelets 3'" long.— IIab.

Trinidad!, Or.; [Brazil].

116. P. ichnodes, Gr. ( n. sp .). Stout, leafy below; leaves long, lanceolate-linear,
acuminate, hairy, or glabrate, sessile : midrib prominent beneath : sheath long-pilose, or
ciliate, subcompressed, loose ; panicle diffuse : branches compound, fascicled, inferior
whorled, hairy at the base : spikelets oval, bluntish, much shorter than the filiform pedi-
cels; lowest glume two-thirds to three-fourths as long as the spilcelet, 3-nerved, second little
exceeded by the fertile flowers, third $, equalling the latter, both 5-7 -nerved; fertile
fioicer smooth, elliptical-lanceolate, bluntish, half-terete, 4-5 times as long as the 2 basilar
appendages. — Structure of Ichnanthus leiocarpus, Kth. Rev. t. 168. (Panicum, Ns., non
Tr ), but leaves narrower, panicle richer (resembling P. maximum), and spikelets half as
large. 3'-6' high ; leaves 12"-8" long, 10"'-8'" broad : hairs long, scattered ; panicle S"-4",
pedicels 6"'-2'", spikelets 1 long.— IIab. Trinidad !, Or., heights of S. Anne.

Sect. 4. Lasiacis. — Spikelets paniculate, deflexed from the lowest, ventricose glume,
usually obovale, blunt: pedicels angular. Fertile flower bearing a tuft of villous
down at its summit, and with a dorsal furrow above its basilar callus: its palea gib-
bous above. Sterile glumes leathery-chartaceous, shining, l -Yh -nerved, often with a
terminal tuft of hairs, the lowest short. — Stem shrubby.

This section comprises nearly allied species, and former authors have combined them al-
together : but their growth is very different, though in herbaria several forms appear to
pass into each other.

117. P- divaricatum, I. Scandent, high : branches divaricate ; leaves lanceolate-
linear, acuminate, glabrous, or slightly puberulous beneath ; panicle fevv-branched : branches
simple, or slightly compound : pedicels unequal: spikelets obovate, blunt, green (growing
black in fruit) ; two superior sterile glumes equal ; fertile flowers ellipsoidal, bluntish. —
Jacq. Schcenbr. t. 25. — P. bambusoides, Hamilt. P. latifolium, var. angustifolium, Tr. {PL
Spruce, Pan. 23). — 8' high {Jacq), or arborescent {Ham): stem size of a goosequill {Wits) ;
leaves 2' -4" long, 2"'-&" broad ; panicle 2"-4" long.

a. Leaves glabrous ; spikelets 2'" long ; sterile glumes roundish, two superior 11-13-
nerved, as long as the fertile flower. — P. Chauvinii, Steud.

0. stenostachyum. Leaves glabrous ; spikelets 2"' long ; sterile glumes elliptical, 2 su-
perior 7-11-uerved, a little exceeding the fertile flower.

7. puberulum. Leaves puberulous beneath ; spikelets l.)"' long ; sterile glumes roundish,
2 superior 11-13-nerved, as long as the pyriform fertile flower. — P. glutinosum, Lam.
{III. i. 43. y. 3. sup.) and Mey. {non Sw.).

Hab. Jamaica!, Al., Wils., March, common in woods (a, 0) ; Antigua!, Nichols,
Wullsclil. (a), Dominica!, Imr. {0) ; Trinidad!, Gr. (7) ; [Cuba! to Brazil!].

118. P. Sloanei, Gr. Trailing: branches spreading; leaves oblong -lanceolate, acu-
minate, often oblique, glabrous ; panicle lax, diverging: branches distant, slightly com-
pound : pedicels unequal : spikelets obovate, blunt, green (growing purplish in fruit) ;
sterile glumes rouudish, 2 superior unequal, 11-13-nerved, second exceeded by the fertile
flower, third equalling it; fertile flower ellipsoidal, bluntish. — SI. t. 71 .f 3. — P. latifolium
jamaicense, L., Trin., Hamilt. P. divaricatum, Prl. (P. arborescens, Sieb. Mart. 267). —
l'-several feet high ; leaves 3"-5" long, 9"'-14'" broad; panicle 5"-10", spikelets 2'" long.
Hab. Jamaica!, Pd., Wullschl., in woods, Manchester ; [Cuba ! to French islands !].

119. P. lanatum, Sw. I Erect, stout : branches spreading ; leaves lanceolate, or ob-
long-lanceolate, acuminate, oblique at the base, pubescent, or puberulous ; panicle lax,
spreading : branches compound, often fascicled : pedicels slender : spikelets obovale, bluntish,
purple : 2 superior sterile glumes equal, 9-13 -nerved, as long as the ovoid, blunt fertile
flower. — P. agglutinans, Kth. — 6-12' high; panicle 12"-4", spikelets 1JW long.

a. Leaves lanceolate, 6"-3" long, 6"'-9'" broad : sheath tubercled, pilose, or villous ; su-
perior sterile glumes oval, 9-11-ncrved. — 6' high {Sw).

0. sorghoideum, Hamilt. Leaves oblong-lanceolate, puberulous, 6"-8" long, 10"'-20'"
broad: sheath little pilose, or glabrous; superior sterile glumes roundish, 11-13-nerved. —
P. megacarpon, Steud. in PI. techier, 2219. — 10'-12' high {JPils).

552

GRAMINE7E.

Hab. Jamaica!, all coll., in moist mountain-woods (a, ft) ■ Antigua!, Wullschl (ft)
Dominica !, Imr. (ft) ; Trinidad !, Sc/i. (a) ; [Panama !, Peru !].

120. P. compactum, Sw. Herb.! (n. sp.) Erect; leaves oblong-lanceolate, acuini-
nate, glabrous ; "panicle dense , ovoid : branches compound, whorled ; pedicels usually as
long as the spikelet : spilcelets globose-ellipsoidal , pointed, yellowish-green ; 2 superior
sterile glumes roundish, equal, 7— 9-nerved, as long as the roundish-ovoid, blunt fertile
flower.— -P. arundinaceum, var. Sw. herb.!: confounded by him with Isackne, but well
distinguished by him in bis other label. — Leaves 5"— 6W long, 1^ broad: sheath glabrous;
panicle 4" long, 2" broad; spikelets very numerous, If" long. — Hab. Jamaica!, Sw.

121. P. martinicense, Gr. Erect ; leaves lanceolate-acuminate, puberiduns ; panicle

spreading-erect : branches simple, or slightly compound, fascicled, the lowest included at
the base withiu the uppermost sheath : pedicels unequal, scabrous : spikelets ellipsoidal ,
pointed, brownish-green ; 2 superior' sterile glumes elliptical, equal, 7— 13-nerved, exceed-
ing the elliptical-oblong, blunt fertile flower. — P. fuscum, Sieb. Mart. 29. (P. glutinosum,

Erl., non Sw.) P. divaricatum, K th. Rev. t. 29 (non L.) : apparently the same. — Leaves
5"-6" loug, broad : sheath glabrescent ; panicle 4"-2" long, 1" broad : branches

longer than in the preceding, spikelets rather distant, 2"1 long : nerves of the third glume
connected above, as in all the preceding species of Lasiacis.- — Hab. Jamaica !, Wullschl. ;
[Martinique !, Panama !, Guiana].

Sect. 5. MiLiAurA, TV. emend. — Fertile flower biconvex: sterile glumes oppressed to it,

subrnembranac&ous. Spikelets ellipsoidal, or obovate, paniculate: pedicels filiform, or

hair-like.

122. P. glutinosum, Sw. Ferennial, stout ; leaves long, lanceolate, or lanceolate-
linear, acuminate; panicle large: lower branches whorled, little compressed: whorls dis-
tant: pedicels geminate, long, filiform, distant: spikelets ellipsoidal, or obovate, with a
bluntish point: all glumes subequal, the 2 inferior viscous, growing blackish, 5-7 -nerved,
third with a palea ; fertile flower ellipsoidal, pointed, terete, equalling the glumes, smooth. —
3'-4/ high ; leaves 12w— 4W broad, in the West Indian grass ciliate with a glabrous sheath,
(in a Brazilian form the sheath is hispid) ; panicle usually 1 ' long, often fastigiate ; spike-
lets V'-lf" long. — Hab. Jamaica !, Pd., Wullschl., in mountain-woods; [Cuba!, Vene-
zuela !, Peru !, Brazil !].

123. P. trichanthum, Ns. Perennial, diehotomously branched below ; leaves lanceo-
late, acuminate, subcordate at the base, puberulous : sheath glabrous ; panicle diffuse, spread-
ing : branches often fascicled, inferior compound : pedicels long, hair-like : spikelets ellipsoidal,
pointed, glabrous ; lowest glume minute, blunt, 2 superior equalling the flower, 3-5-nerved,
third devoid of a palea; fertile flower ellipsoidal, pointed, nearly terete, smooth. — P. tri-
choides, Kth. (non Stv.) — Several feet high, somewhat woody below ; leaves 3"-4" loug,
5"'-9'" broad ; panicle 6''-8" long and broad ; spilcelets f long. — Hab. Jamaica !, Pd.,
rare, Westmoreland; [Mexico !, Guiana 1, Brazil !].

124. P. brevifolium, L. Annual, geniculate- rooting at the branched base; leaves
oblong-lanceolate, acuminate, rounded at the base : sheath pilose ; panicle diffuse, spreading :
branches scattered, inferior compound : pedicels long, hair-like : spilcelets obovate, bluntish,
puberulous ; lowest glume (-J) as long as the spikelet, 2 superior equalling the flower,
3 (-5 )-ncrved, third with a small palea; fertile flower ellipsoidal, bluntish, smooth, at
length nearly terete : palea slightly convex. — SI. t. 72. f. 3. — P. trichoides, Sw., Sieb. Marl.
28. — Spithameous -2' high ; leaves 1"-2V' long, 4"'-9^' long ; panicle 3"-6" long, not quite
as broad; spikelets long. — Hab. Jamaica !, Marsh, IVils.; Dominica !, Imr. ; Trinidad!,
Sell.; [Cuba! and Mexico ! to Brazil!].

125. P. cyanescens, Ns. Perennial, slender, erect, leafy below, glabrescent; leaves
lanceolate-acuminate, rigid : ligule ciliatc ; panicle loose, spreading : branches scattered,
lower compound: pedicels long, hair-like : spikelets ovoid, blunt, glabrous ; lowest glume
exceeding half the spikelet, 2 superior equalling the flower, 5 -nerved, third with a palea;
fertile flower ovoid, bluntish, smooth, terete. — Trin. Ic. t. 230. — P. 8, PI. Spruce. — Stems
several, V-2' high ; leaves 2'"-4 (-5'") broad, striate ; panicle 2"-4", spikelets

long; third glume $ , or neutral. — IIab. Trinidad!, Pd., Loclch., Gr., in wet savannahs;
[Texas I to Brazil !].

GRAMINEiE.

553

126. P. dichotomum, L. Leaves lanceolate, acuminate ; panicle few-branched :

branches scattered, simple, or lower compound : pedicels unequal, hair-like : spikelets ellip-
tical, bluntish ; lowest glume %-i as long as the spikelet, bluntly deltoid, 2 superior equal-
ling the flower, 9-7 -nerved, third with a short palea ; fertile flower ellipsoidal, blunt,
smooth, more than half terete : palea slightly convex. — Leaves 2",-li", broad : ligule long-
ciliate ; panicle spikelets f' long. The West Indian forms are :

a. acuminatum, Sw. / Leaves and sheaths densely and softly pilose; panicle subincluded ;
spikelets pubescent. — Stem creeping, or ascending, 6"-8" long.

glabrescens. Densely emspitose, low ; leaves glabrous, except at the tubercled-ciliate
base : sheath ciliate ; panicle peduncled, exserted ; spikelets glabrous.

Hab. Jamaica, Sw., M‘Nb., in sandy hills (a) ; Pd., in mountain-savannahs (/3) ; [United
States !].

38. ISACHNE, R. Br.

Character of Panicum, but sterile flower chartaceous like the fertile one. — Habit of Pani-
cum, sect. Miliaria.

127. I. arundinacea, Gr. Stout, glabrous ; leaves long, lanceolate, narrowly acuminate ;
panicle dense, oval : branches compound, filiform : pedicels short, unequal : spikelets ovoid;
2 inferior glumes equal, costate-5-nerved, glabrous, lowest often ciliate above, exceeded by
the $ flower, as long as the fertile ; both flowers glabrous, half -terete. — -Panicum, Sw. ! P.
dispermum, Lam. I. panicea, Tr. I. dubia, Kth. — 4-10' high, woody at the base ; leaves
5"'-10'" broad; panicle 3”-6", spikelets f' long. — Hab. Jamaica!, Stv., Macf., in high
mountains, S. Andrews ; S. Vincent, Guild.; [Martinique!, Mexico !, Venezuela !].

128. I. rigens, Trin. Decumbent, branched ; leaves short, linear, acuminate, usually
scabrous : sheath ciliate ; panicle short, spreading : branches scattered, nearly simple : pedi-
cels unequal, obtuse-angled; spikelets ovoid; 2 inferior glumes unequal, 7(-5)-nerved,
slightly scabrous, lowest exceeded by the $ flower, as long as the fertile ; both flowers gla-
brous, pubescent at their callus, fertile and little distant, half- terete. — Panicum, / P.
arbusculum, Sieb. Mart. 265. — 6"-12" long ; leaves l"-2" long, If -2" broad ; panicle
V-2", spikelets -^"[long. — Hab. Jamaica!, Sw., Macf., in high mountains; [Martinique 1 ;
Venezuela !].

129. I. pygmsea, Gr. (n. sp.) Low, decumbent, emspitose, diffuse, glabrous; leaves

short, linear, acuminate, rigidly spreading, polished-striate, cartilaginous at the margin:
sheath shortly ciliate above, or glabrescent ; panicle short, simple, contracted : pedicels
short, angular : spikelets ovoid ; 2 interior glumes subequal, 5-nerved, glabrous, exceeded
by both flowers ; both flowers glabrous, half -terete. — About 2" high, forming tufts of
S"-4" diam. from a fascicled root ; leaves distichous, 6'" long, broad ; panicle

scarcely exserted, linear, 3"'-6'" long, green : branches few, appressed, with a few, geminate,
unequal pedicels ; spikelets blunt, f! long. — Hab. Jamaica 1, Macf., probably an alpine
grass, like the preceding.

39. IIYMENACHNE, P. B.

Character of Panicum, but fertile flower chartaceous, or coriaceous, not indurated in fruit,
and panicle contracted. — Tall, erect, glabrous, aquatic or bog-grasses ; panicle long, spieflorm.

130. H. Myurus, P. B. Leaves cordate at the clasping base, lanceolate-acuminate, or
lanceolate-linear ; panicle cylindrical : pedicels short : spikelets lanceolate, acuminate ;
lowest glume one-third as long as the spikelet, 2 superior 3-5-nerved, slightly unequal, third
devoid of a palea ; fertile flowers chartaceous, oblong-lanceolate, pointed, little shorter than
the third glume, compressed from the back. — Trin. Ic. t. 205. — Panicum, Lam. P. amplexi-
eaulc, Rudg. 6' high; leaves, 6'"— 2'" broad ; panicle green, 6"— 15", s2)ikelets 2'" long. —
Hab. Jamaica !, Pd., Dist., in ditches ; Dominica !, Imr. ! Trinidad !, Cr. ; [French islands
to Brazil ! ; East Indies !].

131. H. fluviatilis, Ns. Leaves linear ; panicle cylindrical : pedicels short : spikelets
ovale, pointed ; lowest glume half as long as the spikelet, 2 superior 7-9-nerved, equal, third
with a palea ; fertile flowers coriaceous, ellipsoidal, pointed, subtcrcte, half as long as the
second and third glume.— Trin. Ic. t. 204.— P. vilfoides, Trin.— H'-3' high ; leaves 2"'-3'"

554

GRAMINE2E.

broad ; panicle brownish-green, 8"-18", spikelet9 long. — IIah. Trinidad !, Cr., in sa-

vannahs; [Guiana, Brazil; trop. Africa],

132. H. striata, Gr. Leaves lanceolate-linear, or linear ; panicle narrow, somewhat
loosened below : inferior branches much exceeding their interuodes : pedicels unequal, fili-
form, jointed at the dilated summit, the longer as long as the spikelet : spilcelels oblony -lan-
ceolate, bluntish, gibbous at the dorsal side ; lowest glume short, 2 superior equal, second 1 1-,
third 5- nerved , the latter with a palea : nerves costate ; fertile Jlower coriaceous, elliptical-
oblong, bluut, flat-convex, half-terete, half as long as the third glume and its palea. — Paui-
cum, Lam. sec. Ns. P. gibbum, EH. ! — 3'-4' high ; leaves 3"'-8'" broad ; panicle dark-
green, 5"-10", spikelets 2"' long. — Hab. Jamaica !, Id., lagoons above the ferry ; [Southern
llnited States ! to Guiana!].

40. SETARIA, P. B.

Character of Panicum, but spilcelels supported by scabrous, sterile branches of the pedicel
(the involucre), and panicle contracted.

In the allied, bristle-bearing species of Panicum ( e.g . P. sulcatum, Aubl.) the bristles are
apparently homologous to the sterile branches of Setaria, but they proceed from the axis, not
from the pedicel itself.

* Panicle densely cylindrical, or interrupted at the base.

133. S. viridis, P. B. Annual ; panicle cylindrical, erect, green : branches short, con-
tiguous ; involucral bristles in clusters, roughened upwards, exceeding the spikelet ; fertile
flower minutely dotted, flat-convex, thrice as long as the lower glume, equalling both the
superior sterile ones. — Trin. Ic. t. 203. — Panicum, L. — Hab. Jamaica!, Pd., on roadsides,
naturalized; [Europe and Northern Asia],

134. S. glauca, P. B. Panicle cylindrical, erect, usually tawny-vellow: branches
short, contiguous ; involucral bristles usually in clusters, roughened upwards ; fertile flower
transversely wrinkled, flat-convex, twice-thrice as long as the lower, about twice as long as
the second, equalling the third glume. — Trim. Ic. t. 195. — Panicum, L.

a. Annual; bristles about twice as long as the spikelet. — S. intermedia, R. S.: our Ja-
maica form with a greenish panicle.

(8. imberbis, R. S. Annual ; most bristles about as long as the spikelet, or a few twice
as long. — Trin. Ic. t. 196. — Panicum, Poir.

y. penicillata. Root at length creeping : bristles yellow, or purple, 4 times (rarely twice)
as long as the spikelet.— Panicum, IF., Zh— When flowering with a fibrous root, it is S. Fen-
tenatii, ICth. {Rev. t. 37) : afterwards it gets a rhizome, and looks like a distinct species, but
by forms with shorter bristles {e.g. Sieb. Mixt. 368) it passes into a.

Hab. Jamaica!, AL, Marsh, Wils. (a, £, 7) ; S. Kitts!, Els. (7), Antigua!, Wullschl.
08, 7) ; Trinidad!, Sieb., Pd. ; [temperate and tropical zones of the globe].

135*. S italic a, P. B. Annual ; panicle cylindrical, at length nodding at the sum-
mit : branches contiguous, or a little distant below, ovate, or oblong ; involucral bristles 3-1,
roughened upwards, usually much exceeding the spikelet : spikelets elliptical-oblong ; fertile
flower minutely dotted, at length almost smooth, flat-convex, twice-thrice as long as the
lower, little longer than the second, equalling the third glume, the latter devoid of a palea-
— Trin. Ic. t. 198.— Panicum, L. — 2'-4' high ; panicle about 1" diam., much stouter, and
leaves often broader than in the two preceding species.— Hab. Naturalized and cultivated in
Jamaica !, March ; [introduced from the East Indies].

136. S. magna, Gr. ( n . sp.) “Annual,” tall, broad-leaved; panicle cylindrical, vir-
qate • branches short, contiguous, or the lowest slightly distant : common axis pilose; itivo-
lucral bristles 3-1, roughened upwards, much exceeding the spikelet : spikelets elliptical,
bluntish • fertile flower smooth, flat-convex, twice-thricc as long as the lowest glume, cqual-
Hnn hath the superior ones, the second 5-nerved, the third with a palea.— Habit of a long-
panicled S. italica, but stem 10' high, pubescent below the nodes, compressed above the base,
6'" broad and a spontaneous production of the West Indies. Root creeping, and fascicled,
but annual (Pd.) ; leaves long, 10"'-6'" broad, scabrous at the nodes : ligulc and com-
pressed sheath ciliate ; panicle 8"-l 2" long, 8'"-12"' thick (the bristles included) pa c-
green • spikelets 1'", bristles 6"'-4'" long, of the latter 1-3 below each spikelet and bundles

GRAMINE/E.

555

between them ; palea of the neutral flower as long as its 5 -nerved glume. — Hab. Jamaica !,
Pel., along the lagoons behind the ferry.

** Panicle loosely contracted : branches spreading-erect.

137. S. vulpiseta, R. S. Root creeping ; leaves lanceolate, long-tapering at the base :
sheath and nodes pubescent ; panicle stout, loosely contracted, erect, tawny-yellow : branches
contiguous, much longer than their iuternodes : axis pilose; involucral bristles single at each
pedicel and in clusters between them, roughened upwards, much exceeding the spikelet : spike-
lets elliptical, pointed ; fertile flower transversely striate chiefly below , flat-convex, thrice
as long as the lower, little longer than the second, 1 -nerved glume, equalling the third, the
latter with a palea. — SI. t. 70./. 1. — Panicum macrostachyum, Ns. ( e.rclus . syn. Kth .). —
4' high; leaves 10,"-12w broad; panicle 1' long, 1 i" broad; branches H"-l", bristles
6'"-10"', spikelets 1'" long. — Hab. Jamaica (SI.) ; Trinidad!, Cr. ; [Haiti to Brazil],

. 138. S. biconvexa, Gr. (n. sp.) Nodes puberulous or glabrate ; leaves lanceolate-
linear, bluntish at the base : sheath and ligule ciliate ; panicle virgate, tapering above,
loosely contracted : branches sub contiguous, much longer than their internodes : common
axis villous ; involucral bristles single at each pedicel and in clusters betweeu them, roughened
upwards and downwards, much exceeding the spikelet : spikelets subglobose, bluntish ; fertile
flower transversely striate, biconvex, thrice as long as the lower, twice as long as the second
glume, equalling the third, the latter with a palea. — Allied to S. composita, Kth., in which
the second glume equals the flower. Stem cylindrical, 2"'-3'" thick; leaves I'-l long,
9",-12'" broad ; panicle yellowish, 1' long, 1 -h" broad below : its inferior branches 1” long,
superior gradually shorter, bristles &"—W" long; spikelets 1”' diam., gibbous : lowest glume
ovate, pointed, 5 -nerved, 3 superior 7-nerved, oval -roundish, mucronulate : glume of the
fertile flower half-globose : its palea convex. — Hab. Trinidad !, Cr., at S. Anne.

139.. S. onurus, Gr. Root at length creeping; stem slender: nodes glabrous; leaves
linear, tapering at the base ; panicle slender, virgate, interrupted : branches about as long
as their iuternodes : common axis pilose ; involucral bristles l(-3), roughened upwards, and
more sparingly doicnwards, much exceeding the spikelet : spikelets ovate-globose, shortly
pointed ; fertile flowers transversely striate, biconvex, equalling or shortly exceeding the
third glume: first glume J, second as long, both -nerved, third with a palea. —
Trim. Ic. t. 96 B. and analyt. in 95. — Panicum, W. P. setosum /3, Ns. — Stem l'-4' high,
thick ; leaves broad ; panicle green, 2"-8" long, cylindrical : branches

2"'-3'", bristles 8'"-12m, spikelets 1"' long. — Hab. Jamaica!, Waters, March; [Mexico!
to Uruguay].

140. S. setosa, P. B. Root at length creeping ; stem slender : nodes glabrous ; leaves
linear-acuminate ; panicle slender, virgate, interrupted : branches as long (or twice as long)
as their internodes : common axis pilose ; involucral bristles l(-3), roughened upwards,
usually much exceeding the spikelet : spikelets elliptical, pointed ; fertile flower transversely
striate, flat-convex, equalling the third glume: first glume second f-f as long, both
1-nerved, third with a palea. — Inn. Ic. t. 96. A., 95 ( exclus . analyt). — Pauicuin, Sw. S.
macrostachya, Kth. S. antillarum, Kth. (ex Anders, pi. Galapag .) — Plabit of the preceding :
bristles shorter, leaves 2'"-6’" broad.

a. Branches of the panicle bristles 4H,-6W long.

caudata, R. S. Branches of the panicle very short, often reduced to 1-3 spikelets ;
bristles few, unequal, 3m-5"' long. — Twin. Ic. t. 96. C. — Panicum, Lam.

Hab. Jamaica !, Al., March (a) ; Antigua !, Wullschl. (a, 13) ; [Cuba ! and Mexico ! to
Brazil!; Galapagos!; East Indies].

41. PENNISETUM, Rich.

Spikelets in a simple spike, involucrate : involucre-bristles distinct, deciduous with the
spikelet, the interior plumose below. Sterile glumes 3, or 2 by abortion of the lowest,
membranaceous. Fertile flower chartaceous, at length indurated. Lodiculce usually none.
Stigmas projecting from the summit of the flower, usually cohering at the base. — Involucre
mostly coloured: bristles scabrous, unecpial , the exterior longer.

setosum, Rich. Perennial, tall; leaves linear-acuminate, glabrous; spike

2 o

556

GRAMINE7E.

cylindrical, dense; involucre sessile : bristles setaceous, several or many more than tvnce as long
as the single spikelet ; lowest glume short or usually wholly wanting. — Kth. Rev. t. 39. — Cen-
chrus, Sw. (P. Richardi and purpurascens, Kth.) : the form with the lowest glume appearing.
P. uuiilorum, Kth. : the common form with the lowest glume abortive, and the third often de-.
void of its palea. — 2'-4' high ; spike 3"-6", longer bristles 6"'-] 2"' long, usually purplish;
—Hab. Jamaica {Sw.), on limestone ; S. Kitts !, Els., Dominica !, I, nr., S. Vincent, Guild. ;
Trinidad !, Or., in savannahs ; [Mexico ! to Brazil 1 ; trop. Africa ! ; East Indies],

42. OENCHRUS, L.

Character of Pennisetum, but involucre indurated, its scales or bristles united at the base,
often spinose, roughened downwards. — Spikelets 1 —several in each involucre, usually 'pedi-
cellate ; pedicel at length turbinate.

142. C. echinatus, L. Annual; involucre about as long as the spikelets : tube inter-
nally slit, many-lobed to the middle, pubescent : lobes lanceolate-acuminate : scales several-
seriate at the outside of the tube, recurved, middle linear-acuminate, spinescent, lowest
shorter, setaceous. — Schreb. Gram. t. 23. — -Variable in the length of the spike, the size of
the spikelets (2W— 3"' diam.), the length of the lowest glume, the number of the glume-
nerves, and in the development of the palea in the $ or neutral flower.

a. Decumbent; spike l''-l^" long; involucre small: spines not exceeding the spikelet.
— C. pungens, Kth.

j6. viridis, Spreng., C. Mull. Spike l|"-3"long; involucre larger: spines stouter, the
longest exceeding the spikelet. — C. echinatus, Kth., Sieb. Mart. 17- C. dactylolepis,
Steud.

Hats. Bahamas !, Hjalmars (a) ; Jamaica!, all coll., in savannahs, and along the seacoast ;
S. Kitts !, Els. (/3), Antigua, Wullschl. (o), Dominica!, Imr. (a); Trinidad !, Sch. ; [Mexico!
to Brazil ! ; trop. Africa! ; East Indies].

143. C. tribuloides, L. Annual; involucre exceeding the spikelets. tube ovoid-
globose, many-lobed to the middle : lobes and all scales lanceolate-acuminate, the latter
several seriate at the outside of the tube, recurved, spinescent : no or few basilar bristles. —
SI. t. 65. f. 1. — C. spinifex, Cav. ( Ic . t. 461) : a form with small spikelets. C. platyaean-
thus, Anders. : the same with few-nerved glumes. All West Indian specimens agree with
this in the small size of the spikelet {2"’ diam.), while in the northern, original form the
spikelets are usually twice as large : the species however is as variable as the preceding, and
often difficult to be distinguished from it. — -Hab. Jamaica!, Wits.; Antigua!, Lane,
Wullschl. ; Dominica !, Imr. ; [Canada ! to Brazil ! ; trop. Africa ! ; East Indies !].

43. ANTHEPHORA, Schreb.

Character of Cenchrus, but involucre 1 -seriate, 4-5-partite, and lowest glume wanting. —
An annual grass ; segments of the involucre ovate-lanceolate, acummate, contracted at the
base, including 5-1 spikelets.

144. A. elegans, Schreb. Gram. t. 44. — Tripsacum liermaphroditum, L. — The West
Indian form is glabrous. Spieiform raceme cylindrical, 4"-2" long. — Hab. Jamaica!, A/.,
March, Wullschl. ; Antigua !, Wullschl. ; Dominica !, Imr. ; Trinidad !, Cr. ; [Mexico ! to
Brazil !].

44. ARUNDINELLA, Radd.

Sterile glumes 3, third with a palea, usually $ . Fertile flower chartaceous, supported
by hairs at the base, awned : awn twisted. — Spikelets paniculate : pedicels geminate, un-
equal.

145. A. martinicensis, Trin. Perennial, stout; leaves linear-acumiuatc, scabrous:
sheath hispidulous ; panicle, dense, erect : inferior branches whorled, compound : spikelets
lanceolate ; glumes unequal, 3-5-nerved, second twice as long as the fertile flower ; awn
geniculated, twice as long as its entire glume. — A. pallida var. laxa, Ns. ! Ischajmum
hispidum martiniccnse, Kth. — 4'-6' high ; panicle 6"— 12", spikelets (the awn excluded) 2"'
long, usually purplish. — Hab. Jamaica!, Pd., Eariw. ; Westmoreland, Hanover, Trinidad,
Or., in swamps; [French islands ; Panama!].

GRAMINEjE.

557

45. TRICII0L7ENA, Sc/trad.

Inferior sterile glume minute, or wanting, second aud third membranaceous, including
the chartaceous flower. — Spikelets villous-hairy, pedicellate, jointed at the base.

146. T. insularis, Gr. Stout ; leaves glabrous, linear-acuminate, or lanceolate-linear ;
branches of the panicle vvhorled : pedicels unequal, geminate : spikelets lanceolate, acumi-
nate, awnless ; lowest glume minute, glabrous, 2 superior sericeous-woolly, equal, the third
devoid of apalea; flower acuminate. — SI. t. 14. f 2; Trin. Ic. t. 220. — Andropogon, L.
Panicum leucopheeum, Kth. P. Duchassaingii, Steud. Trichachne sacchariflora, Ns. {ex
Sieb. Mart. 30 : exclus. foliis). Saccharnm polystachyon, Sieb. {non Sio.). — Panicle G'-IO",
spikelets 2"'-S"' long. — Hah. Jamaica !, Linds., Waters, March ; S. Kitts !, Els.,
Antigua !, Wullschl., Dominica !, Imr. ; [Texas ! and Cuba ! to Patagonia !].

147. T. saccharoid.es, Gr. Stout ; leaves linear-acuminate : upper side hairy ; spici-

form racemes long, filiform, half-wborled in a corymbiform panicle : pedicels short, single,
distant : axis glabrous, at length flexuose : spikelets lanceolate, acuminate, awnless ; lowest
glume lounting (or abortive), second woolly along the margin, with long, sericeous hairs,
third shorter, glabrous, devoid of a palea ; flower pointed. — Kth. Lev. t. 30 ; Trin. Ic. t.
107. — Panicum, Kth. Paspalum, Ns. Saccharum polystachyon, Sw. — Spikes numerous,
1 spikelets (the wool excluded) V" long. — Hab. S. Kitts, Dominica!, Imr.

Subtkibe 2. SACCHAREJE. — Fertile flower membranaceous, not indurated : sterile
glumes usually of firmer texture.

46. LAPPAGO, Schreb.

Spikelets glomerate-racemose, hermaphrodite, flat- convex, awuless. Lowest glume want-
ing, second minute, membranaceous, third rigid, glochidiate-muricate, devoid of a palea.
— Annual grasses.

148. L. aliena, Spreng. Raceme slender : spikelets elliptical-lanceolate, 2(-l) in each
glomerule, one usually imperfect ; bristles 5- seriate , subequal, about as loug as the transverse
diameter of the spikelet. — Kth. Rev. t. 120. — L. racemosa, var. Kth. Tragus oceideutalis.
Ns. ! T. Berteroanus, Schult. — Spikelets 1’" long, smaller than in L. racemosa, Schreb.,
which has unequal, 7-seriate bristles. — ITab. Jamaica!, Pd., Al.; Antigua!, Wullschl.;
[Texas ! to Brazil ! ; trop. Africa to the Cape ! ; Arabia ! to East Indies !].

47. MANISURIS, Sw.

Spikelets in a simple, jointed spike, awnless, alternately fertile and neutral (or “ $ ”), the
fertile sunk into the excavated axis. Sterile glumes in the latter 2, rigid, exterior placed
against the palea of the small, membranaceous flower ; sterile spikelets often reduced to 2
leathery glumes. — Annual grasses ; spikes terminal and axillary.

149. M. g-ranularis, Sw. Erect, pilose at the sheaths; exterior glume of the fertile
spikelet concave-hemispherical, cartilaginous, densely reticulated-scrobiculale. — Si. t. 80.—
Cenchrus, L. — 1'-3' high ; spikes 6"'-8m long : peduncles included within leaf-sheaths ,
reticulated glumes whitish, about 1J'" diam. — Hab. Jamaica!, Mac/., Wits., March, on
dry limestone ; Trinidad !, Sch. ; [southern United States ! aud all tropical countries].

48. TR1PSACUM, L.

Spikelets monoecious, awnless, in jointed spikes, $ superior, geminate, ? inferior, single,
wholly imbedded into the excavations of the axis. Exterior <? glume leathery, interior char-
taceous : membranaceous flowers 2. Exterior $ glume cartilaginous, interior thinner, third
neutral, membranaceous : flower single. Anthers opening with pores. — Tall, perennial
grasses ; spikes terminal, single or digitate.

150. T. monostachjrum, W. Stout, branched; leaves lanceolate-acuminate; spike
solitary, cylindrical at the base : $ spikelets distichous ; exterior <J glume 7-9 -nerved

2 o 2

558

GRAMINE2E.

within the juxtamarginal, scabrous keel ; furrows of the ? axis ciliate at the open base.—
Willd. Hort. t. 1. — Rottboellia exaltata, Sw. Obs. ? ( non L.): the analytical details do not
agree. — Leaves 12"'— 15'" broad ; spike 4"-6", $ part about 1" long. — Hab. Jamaica (ex
synon. Sw.) ; Trinidad !, Cr. ; [United States to Brazil].

49. ANDROPOGON, L.

Spikelets along a joiuted axis, the lateral geminate, the fertile in each pair sessile, the pe-
dicellate incomplete or tabescent. Two inferior sterile glumes herbaceous or chartaceous,
the third membranaceous, devoid of a palea. Fertile flower awned : awn geuiculated,
twisted. — Perennial grasses, rarely annual ; axis of the inflorescence usually bearded.

Sect. 1. Heteropogon, Fers. — All inferior spike/els $ , awnless .- of the superior the
fertile one awned : axis bearded above , glabrous between the $ spi/celets : superior
joints separating. Exterior glumes awnless : fertile (fourth) glume minute, devoid of a
palea.

151. A. secundus, W. ( apud Ns., non Kth.). Nodes and leaves (except at the base)
glabrous ; spike solitary : $ glumes acuminate, long -ciliate beneath the winged margin,
glabrous on the striate back ; fertile spikelet shortly bearded at the base : awn very long,
pubescent below the knee, scabrous above it. — A. contortus, L. ex parte (not the homonym
of the old world). Heteropogon hirtus, Pers. {ex pi. Spruce). — Spike l"-2" long: $ spike-
lets oblong-lanceolate, ? subcvlindrical, pubescent : awns 3" long, turned irregularly to one
side. — PIab. Antigua !, Wullschl. ; [Cuba ! to Peru !].

Sect. 2. Gymsandropogon, Ns. — Fertile spikelets awned , pedicellate $ or neutral, awn-
less : axis bearded: joints separating . Exterior glumes awnless, third and fourth (the
fertile) devoid of palece.

152. A. saccharoides, Sw. ! Nodes bearded ; leaves pilose near the base or glabres-
cent ; spikes fascicled-racemose ; pedicellate spikelets neutral, as long as or exceeded by
the sericeous beard of the axis ; fertile spikelets sericeous-villous below ; 2 exterior glumes
acuminate, striate, fourth transformed into the scabrous awn : exserted part of the latter
3-5 times as long as the glumes. — Cultivated in European gardens as A. argenteus, DC. —
P-3' high, variable in the length of the leaves, the number of spikes, the down of the glumes,
and the development of the neutral spikelets ; !j? spikelets 2'" long, oblong-lanceolate. — Hab.
Jamaica !, Sw. ; Wullschl., on dry hills ; Antigua !, Wullschl., Dominica ! Imr. ; [Arkan-
sas!, New Mexico ! ; Cuba! to Buenos Ayres!].

Sect. 3. Schizachyrium, Ns. (Cymbopogon, Ns.). Character of Gymnandropogon, but
spikes supported by cymbiform. bracts, pedicellate spikelets often atoned, joints tardily
separating, and fourth (the fertile) glume 2-par tite or 2-fid, with the awn inserted be-
tween the divisions.

153. A. brevifolius, Sw. ! Slender, ascending, branched ; nodes and short leaves gla-
brous ; spikes in bracteate racemes, included partly within the narrow bract : joints thickened,
glabrous, except a short beard at the base of the fertile spikelets : pedicellate spikelets re-
duced to 1-2 glumes : one of the latter tenninated with a straight awn ; exterior glumes of
the fertile spikelet awnless, lowest acuminate, shortly 2-dentate, fourth 2-partite: exserted
part of its awn twice-thrice as long as the glumes. — Kth. IUv. t. 196. — Schizachyrium, Ns.
— 2'— 4' high, said to be annual ; bracts about 1" long ; ? spikelets lanceolate, 1 ■/" long. —
Hab. Jamaica !, Sw., Wullschl., iu saudy soil ; Trinidad !, Cr. , [Cuba ! and Mexico ! to
Brazil ! ; trop. Africa; East Indies !].

154. A. condensates, Kth. Stout, erect, glabrous; spikes in a dense panicle, in-
cluded partly by the narrow bract . joints and pedicels thickened above, bearded their tvhole
length with spreading wool : pedicellate spikelets reduced, snbuliform ; exterior glumes of
the fertile spikelets acuminate, fourth 2-partite : exserted part of its awn twice as long as
the glumes. — Schizachyrium, Ns. — 2'-5' high; panicle often P, bracts 6'''-9'", spikelets
2'" long, the latter linear-acuminate. — Hab. Trinidad !, Sell., Cr., in savannahs ; [Mexico !
to Uruguay !].

GllAMINEiE.

559

155. A. gracilis, Spreng. Csespitose, slender, glabrous ; leaves convolute-setaceous;
spikes solitary: the lateral distant, sheathed by a narrow bract : joints and ■pedicels filiform,
bearded their whole length with spreading wool : pedicellate spikelets reduced to a siugle,
awned glume ; exterior glumes of the fertile spikelet acuminate, fourth shortly 2-fid : ex-
serted part of its awn 3-4 times as long as the glumes. — Habit of Anatherum domingense,
but awn geniculated in the fertile flower.— 1'-2' high ; spikes delicate, about 1" long :
bract l"-2" long : peduncle included or exserted ; spikelets 2"' long, lanceolate, exceeded by
the sterile, woolly pedicel : awn of the latter straight. — Ha is. Jamaica!, Wullschl ., Man-
chester; [Cuba!, Haiti].

Sect. 4. Diectomis, P. B. — fertile spikelets with 2 awns : one awn straight from the

second exterior glume, the other geniculated from the fourth, which has a palea. Pedi-
cellate spikelets 3 : their exterior glumes awned, the interior avmless. Axis with

bearded, separating joints.

156. A. fastigiatus, Sw. Erect, glabrous; ligule oblong-lanceolate; spikes long-
peduneled, in a lax bracteate corymb : joints and pedicels clavate, the latter obliquely ex-
cavated at the summit : beard distichous, decurrent at the base ; lowest glume of the fertile
spikelet compressed-keeled, ciliate : geniculated awn long-exserted ; $ glumes unequal, the
lowest larger, striate, flattish. — Kth. Nov. Gen. t. 64.— 2'-4' high ; spikes l"-2", larger $
glumes 4"' long : fertile spikelet half-spathulate, 2"', its sti-aight awn about 6'", the other
1” long. — Hab. Jamaica !, Al., Wullschl., in sandy hills ; [Mexico to Brazil !].

50. ANATHERUM, P. B.

Character of Andropogon, but exterior glumes chartaceous-membranaceous, and awn of
the fertile flower straight, terminal or wanting. — Peduncles bracteate : pedicels and rhachis
long-bearded by spreading wool .- lateral spikelets nearly reduced to the pedicel, fertile
usually monandrous : exterior glumes narrow, few-nerved, awnless.

This genus from the wool of the spikelets and the submembranaceous texture of the glumes
approaches Saccharuin and Erianthus, which are distinguished by the artificial character of
the spikelets all complete.

157. A. domingense, R. S. Caespitose, slender, few-brancbed ; spikes 2-4, digitate :
fourth glume devoid of a palea, awnless, or the awn hair-like, included or shortly exserted.
— SI. t. 68./. 2. — A. virginicum, Spreng. (Andropogon, L. ex parte : Grouovius’s synonym
belongs to the allied, but long-awned A. vaginatus, Ell.) Andropogon leucostachyus, Kth. — •
l'-2' high ; leaves V" broad, glabrous, rarely pilose ; spikes 6"'-12'", spikelets 1/", pedi-
cels 2'", wool 4'"-6/" long. — Hab. Jamaica !, Pd., in savannahs, Westmoreland : Trinidad !,
Lockli., Cr., in savannahs; [Haiti and Mexico, to Brazil !J.

158. A. bicorne, P. B. ( Sieb . Mart. 40). Stout, glabrous ; spikes in a large, com-
pact, fasligiate panicle: spikelets awnless ; fourth glume devoid of a palea.- — SI. t. 15. —
Andropogon, L. Saccharum, Gr. — 4'-6'high; leaves 2"' broad; panicle 1', spikelets If",
wool 4"' long. — Hab. Jamaica (A.); S. Kitts 1 ; Antigua!, Wullschl., S. Vincent!, Guild.;
[Cuba ! and Mexico ! to Brazil !, in wet places and fields],

159. A. macrurum, Gr. Stout, pilose or ciliate along the sheaths ; spikes in a large
compact panicle : spikelets awned : awn 4-5 times as long as the glumes ; fourth glume de-
void of a palea. — Andropogon, Mich— Habit of the preceding ; leaves 2"' broad; panicle
12"- 6", spikelets H'", wool 4"'-3'" long.— Hab. Jamaica!, Al., Wi/s., Wullschl., com-
mon; Antigua!, Wullschl.; [United States; Cuba!, Haiti].

51. VET1VERIA, Thouars.

Character of Andropogon, but exterior glumes in both kinds of spikelets cartilaginous,
inuricatc, inner membranaceous glume ciliate, and awn of the fertile flower straight, included
or wantiug. Spikes slender, shortly peduncled, whorled in racemes : pedicellate spikelets
$ : no wool ; spinulcs thickish at the base, incurved.

160. V. arundinacea, Gr. Stout, glabrous; spikelets lanceolate-linear, acuminate;
fourth glume 2-dentate, bearing a short included bristle between its teeth, twice as long as

560

GUAM IN E/E.

its palea. P . Z>. Agrost . <1. 22. j . 10. anal. — Anatherum muricatum, P. B. (Andropogon,
Klh. suppl. p. 416 : the first description only). The East India V. muricata (Andropogon,
Hetz.), has shorter, hluntish spikelets, and a pointed, awnless fourth glume. — 4'-0' high ■
panicle 1' long, somewhat purple ; spikes 2"-3", internodes long, the latter about

twice as long as the pedicels ; fertile spikelets 2i"' long, little hairy at the hasilar callus, <J
2'" loug : spinules 2-3-seriate on the first, 1-2-seriate on the second glume.— Hab. Jamaica !,
Wils., in wet places; Trinidad!, Or.; [perhaps introduced from the East Indies],

52. SORGHUM, Mich.

Character of Andropogon, but exterior glumes of the fertile spikelet cartilaginous, polished,
of the sterile ( $ or neutral) chartaceous, inner membranaceous glumes often ciliate, awn of
the fertile flower geniculated or abortive. — Spikes peduncled, paniculate : no wool : joints
of the axis often loanting.

1 61. S. halepense, Pers. Perennial; nodes sericeous ; leaves lanceolate-linear, gla-
brous ; panicle erect : branches compound, pedicels pilose, half as long as the sterile spike-
let ; spikelets jointed at the base, fertile elliptical-oblong. — Host. Grain. Auslr. 1. 1. 1. —
Holcus, L. — Leaves 8"'(-l 0"')-3'" broad : spikelets lf"-2'" long. The allied, cultivated S.
giganteum, Edgew., is much stouter, has broader (l"-2") leaves, the rich panicle often 2',
and the spikelets 2 i'" loug. — Hab. S. Vincent!, Guild.; [Cuba to Brazil; Hungary!
and Southern Europe 1 to the Cape 1 and East Indies !].

The cultivated species (except S. giganteum) form a peculiar section of the genus ( Sorghum ,
Trim), distinguished by the spikelets not jointed at the base, and the common axis usually
more scabrous. Of these S. vulgare, Pers. (Desc. El. 8. t. 541), and S. Bora, Gr. ( S . sac-
charatum, Host. Gram. Austr. 4. t. 4., non Pers., which is Holcus, Ard. t. 4. f. 2), occur in
the West Indian collections : the former has leaves l"-2" broad, a compact panicle, the fertile
spikelets oval-roundish, and very short pedicels; the latter: a low stem, leaves 6'"— 10"'
broad, the branches of the panicle erect, in distant whorls, the fertile spikelets elliptical,
villous, and the pedicels about one-third as loug as their spikelets.

53. TSCHiEMOPOGON, Gr.

Spikelets liomogamous : the bearded joints distant from their base. Two inferior sterile
glumes chartaceous, awnless, third $ with a palea, awnless, fourth with a palea, awned :
awn twisted. — Perennial grasses ; spiciform racemes digitate : bracts at the joints spread-
ing : spikelets geminate-ternate , pedicellate : pedicels inserted distantly from the joints of
the axis, and the longer in each pair jointed again above its middle.

This genus (comprising Spodiopogon arcuatus, Ns.) approaches Phacelurus, by the longer
pedicels jointed above the middle : it is distinguished from Spodiopogon chiefly by the spike-
lets not being jointed at their base, and from Isclicemum, Trim, by liomogamous spikelets.

162. I. latifolius, Gr. Erect, glabrous ; leaves lanceolate-acuminate ; racemes 6-14:
internodes and pedicels cylindrical. — Kth. Rev. t. 99.— Ischaemum, Kth. Spodiopogon,
Tr. Andropogon pilosus, Sieb. Mart. 41. — 2-4' high; leaves 4'"-12'" broad; racemes
3"-l" loug : spikelets oblong-lauceolate, purplish, 2"' long, about as long as the beard ; ex-
serted awn 2"'— 5'" long. — ITab. Dominica!, Imr., S. Vincent 1, Guild.; Trinidad; Sieb.
Tr. 12, Or. ; [French islands ! and Mexico ! to equatorial Brazil !].

54. ERIOCIIRYSIS, P. B. .

Spikelets homogamous, awnless : joints of the axis bearded, separating. Two inferior ste-
rile glumes chartaceous-cartilaginous, hairy, third devoid of a palea, neutral, fourth fertile. —
Perennial grasses ; spikelets paniculate, most shortly pedicellate, geminate or fascicled.

163. E. cayennensis, P. B. Erect; nodes bearded ; leaves linear, densely villous ;
panicle compact, glomerate-oblong: wool brown-yellow ; flower devoid of a palea. — 3'-4'
high; panicle 3"-4", woolly spikelets 1'" long. — Hab. Trinidad !. Pd., Cr., iu savannahs ;
[Mexico ! to Brazil !].

GRAMINEiE.

561

55. ERIANTHUS, Rich. >

Spikelets geminate along a jointed axis, homogamous, supported by wool: one sessile, one
pedicellate. Two inferior sterile glumes chartaceous-inembranaceous, third devoid of a palea,
neutral, fourth (the fertile) awned, with a palea : awn terminal, usually straight. — Perennial
grasses ; spikelets paniculate.

164. E. jamaicensis, Gr. “Leaves linear-acuminate; panicle linear -lanceolate :
joints and pedicels villous ; exterior glumes acuminate, about as long as the wool, inferior
villous at the margin ; awn as long as its glume.” — Saccharum, Trim. — Apparently allied to
E. saccharoides, Mich., which has a longer awn. — LIab. Jamaica ( Trin .).

56*. SACCHARUM, L.

Character of Erianthus, but spikelets awnless, exterior glumes membranaceous, and glume
of the flower more or less abortive. — Stout, paniculate grasses; wool exceeding the spike let.

165*. S. officinarum, L. Panicle large, pyramidal: common axis sulcate; joints and
pedicels glabrous below the wool ; exterior glumes pointed, one-half to one-third as long as
the wool; palea of the flower half as long as the third glume; stamens 3. — Tuss. FI. 1.
t. 23-25. I) esc. FI. 4. t. 283 ; 7- t. 493. — S. violaceum, Tuss. : a form with the midrib of
the second glume suppressed. — LIab. Naturalized e.g. in Antigua !, and cultivated ; [intro-
duced from the East Indies],

57. IMPERATA, Cyr.

Spikelets homogamous, awnless, geminate, unequally pedicellate in each pair, jointed and
supported by wool at the base : axis not jointed. Two inferior sterile glumes membrana-
ceons : third iucluded, devoid of a palea, neutral. Glume of the flower and its palea minute
(replacing the wanting lodiculae). Stamens 1-2. Style 2-fid : stigmas exserted from the
summit of the spikelet. — Erect, perennial grasses; panicle contracted: wool ivhite, exceed-
ing the narrow, hairy spikelets.

166. I. caudata, Trin. Nodes glabrous; leaves lanceolate-linear, flattish : ligule
long-ciliate ; panicle long, at length somewhat loosened: wool 3-4 times as long as the
spikelet; flower \-androus. — SI. t. 70. f. 1. — Saccharum, May. Esseq.l S. coutractum,
Poit., Led. ( non Kill.), S. dubium, Kill. — 2'-6' high ; leaves 4,"-5'" broad; panicle about
1' long, 1" broad in the expanded state : wool long. — Hab. Jamaica !, Pd., Wils. ;

Trinidad !, Sieb. IV. 10, Cr. ; [French islands ; Guiana !, Brazil],

58*. COIN, L.

Spikelets monoecious, $ superior, 2-flowered, little exserted from a bony involucre.
Sterile glumes in ? 3, third devoid of a palea, membranaceous. Style 2-partite. — Erect,
branched grasses ; leaves lanceolate ; cymes peduncled, axillary and terminal -. <j> spikelets
solitary.

167*. C. Lacryma, L. Annual; stem half-terete above ; involucre subglobose, white-
shining. — Hab. Naturalized in Jamaica!, March, Wullschl. ; S. Kitts!; [introduced from
the East Indies].

59*. ZEA, L.

Spikelets monoecious, $ geminate, 2-llowercd, in terminal, compound spikes, $ approxi-
mate along an axillary spadix, which is enclosed by several spathes. Style simple, 2-deutate.
— A stout, annual grass ; leaves oblong -lanceolate.

168*. Z. Mays, L. Eesc. Fl. 8. t. 544. — IIab. Naturalized, e.g. Autigua !, and cul-
tivated ; [America, but original habitat unknown].

562

CYPERACEzE.

CXXXVI. CYPEEACE/E.

'Flowers in spikelets, naked : the sexual organs often supported by bristles or scales, en-
closed by glumaceous bracts (glumes) : bracts usually single at each flower. Stamens often 3,
hypogynous. Ovary simple: ovule single, erect: style 2-3-cleft. Pericarp utricular.
Embryo trochleate, included within the summit of amylaceous albumen. — Habit of grasses,
but stem solid, devoid of tumid nodes, leaves tristichous, and their sheath mostly closed.

Tbibe I. CYPEREAE. — Flowers distichous, hermaphrodite .

1. CYPERUS, L.

Spikelets many-few-flowered : 1-2 lowest glumes empty : rhachis furrowed, often winged
at each internode by the dccurrent, at length lacerate part of the glumes. Achenium beak-
less.— Spikelets clustered or spikate, rarely solitary : the clusters often in a simple or com-
pound, terminal, involucrate umbel.

The description of the form of the glumes regards their conduplicate, keeled state, viz. one-
half of their entire breadth.

Sect. 1. Pycreus, P.B. — Spilcelets compound : furrows narroicly winged : glumes
keeled. Style 2-cleft. Achenium laterally compressed.

1. C. polystachyus, Rottb. Rhizoma short; stem 3-angular, glabrous; umbel
usually contracted: involucre long, 3-6-leaved; spikelets densely clustered, lanceolate,
pointed, usually pale, many (-S)-flowered ; glumes elliptical-lanceolate, bluntish, Z-nerved
at the keel with the midrib excurrent, 4-3 times as long as the furrow, twice ns long as the
oblong achenium ; stameus 2-1. — Rottb. Descr. t. 11. /. 1. — Stem 1' (8"-2') high, naked
above, usually exceeding the flat leaves; glumes 1'" long. — Hab. Jamaica!, Pd., in moist
places; Antigua!, Wullschl. ; Trinidad!, Cr. ; [all tropical countries to Australia!, the
Cape !, Algeria!, and the hot springs of Ischia !].

. 2. C. varieg-atus, Kth. Rhizoma short ; stem 3-angular, glabrous : clusters in an unequal
or contracted umbel : involucre long, 3-leaved ; spikelets ovate-oblong or oblong-lanceolate,
bluntish, either pale or blackish, 14-8(-“ 24 ”)-flowered ; glumes half -ovate-oblong, blunt,
few-nerved at the keel, 4-5 times as long as the furrow, 2\ times as long as the elliptical
achenium; stamens 2(-l). — C. melanostachyus, Kth. : the blackish, C. flavus, Prl. : the
yellowish-flowered form, of which the latter is our Jamaica plant, while the former exists in
Swartz’s West Indian herbarium. — 6"-lS" high; glumes 1"' long. — Hab. Jamaica !, Pd.,
in the plains of Westmoreland ; [Haiti ! Mexico to Costarica!, New Grauada].

Sect. 2. Junckllus. — Spikelets compressed : glumes keeled : farrows narrowly margined.

Style 2-cleft. Achenium compressed from the back.

3. C. mucronatus, Rottb. Rhizoma creeping; stem cylindrical below, glabrous, 1-
leaved (or naked) ; cluster single : involucre unequally 2-ray ed : the longer ray erect, the
inferior shorter than the cluster ; spikelets oblong or ovate, bluntish, pale, mnny(-6)-flowercd ;
glumes half-ovate , blunt, 3-4 times as long as the furrow, twice as long as the oval ache-
nium ; stamens 3. — Rottb. Descr. t. 8. f. 4. — lp-6" high ; leaves narrow ; glumes 1'"
long. — Hab. Antigua!, Wullschl.; [all tropical countries to Egypt and Pautellaria !].

Sect. 3. Eucyferus, Liebm. — Spilcelets compressed or subcompressed : glumes keeled :
rhachis persistent. Style ‘i- cl eft. Achenium 3- angular .

* Root annual.

4. C. compressus, L. Annual ; stem 3-angular, glabrous ; clusters umbellate (or
single) : involucre long, 3-0-leaved ; spikelets flat-compressed, oblong -linear, pointed, pale,
many (-6)-llowered ; glumes half -ovate-oblong, cuspidate with a spreading -erect point, sharply
keeled, many -nerved, winged, 4-5 times as long as the furrow, thrice as long as theobovulc,
3-quetrous, smooth achenium; stamens 3. — St. t. 70. /. 1. Rottb. Descr. t. 9. /. 3. —
4"-12" high; leaves narrow, flat, rarely setaceous; glumes 1 i long. — IIab. Jamaica!,

CYPERACE7E.

563

Pd., iu wet places ; Domiuica !, Imr. ; Trinidad!, Sch., Lockh. ; [southern United States!
to Brazil ! ; trop. Africa ! and Asia !].

5. C. acuminatus, Tour. Annual ; stem low, 3-angular, glabrous ; clusters single or
several : involucre long, 3-4-leaved; spikelets ovate or oblong, bluntish, pale, many-12-
flowercd; glumes ovate-lanceolate, acute with the short point slightly spreading or re-
curved, 1-3 -nerved at the keel, approximate, twice as long as the elliptical, comprcssed-3-
angular, pointed acheuium : furrows narrowly winged ; stamen 1. — 3"-8"(-12 ) high : the
stem often only as long as the involucre; leaves fiat; glumes fw long. — Hab. Jamaica!,
M‘Nab; [Illinois! to Cuba!].

6. C. tenuis, Sw. Annual; stern slender or low, filiform, glabrous; clusters single or

several: involucre of 3 (-6) setaceous-linear leaves; spike/els linear, at length reflexed,
brown, b-^-floioered ; glumes half -ovate, pointed with the short point slightly spreading,
$-7 -nerved, about twice as long as the winged furrow, half as long again as the obliquely
elliptical, 3-gonal, slightly dotted achenium ; stamens 3-2. — 4"-8" (2,(-l 2,,j high; leaves
setaceous-linear, ciespitose ; glumes long. — Hab. Jamaica 1, Pd., March, iu wet places

Westmoreland.

** Perennial species.

+ Furrows wingless or narrowly winged.

7. C. confertus, Sw. ! Rhizoma short; stem obtuse-angled below, glabrous, about as
long as the leaves ; clusters unequally umbellate, rarely single : involucre long, 3-6-leaved ;
spikelets oblong, greenish or greenish-brown, 18-4-tlowered ; glumes spreading, elliptical-
lanceolate, recurved acuminate , 1 1-1 -nerved, 6-4 times as long as the naked furrow, twice
as long as the elliptical-oblong, 3-quetrous, pointed achenium ; stamens 3. — Habit of C. com-
pressus, L., but stouter, l'-2' high ; leaves narrow, usually channelled ; glumes variable in
size, Hni-2nl long.— Hab. Jamaica !, Sw., Al., March, in wet pastures ; Antigua !,
Wullschl., [S. Croix ! ; Venezeula].

8. C. ochraceus, V. Rhizoma short ; stem 3-angnlar, glabrous ; clusters unequally
umbellate, (or “ single ”) : involucre long, 5-9-leaved ; spikelets oblong, bluntish, yellowish,
many-8-flowered ; glumes spreading, subulate with a bluntish, incurved-erect point, auricled
at the base, obscurely B-l-nerved, 4 times as long as the naked furrow, half as long again
as the elliptical, obtuse-angled, pointed, dotted achenium; stamen 1 . — SI. t. 75./. 1. —
C. elegans, L. (non V.), from Sloane’s figure, while Linnaeus’s description refers more to
the preceding. — 3'-l' high, flat-leaved ; glumes 1'" long, at length dotted. — Hab. Jamaica!,
Pd., At., M‘Nab, Wits., in wet places; Antigua!, Wullschl. / Trinidad !, Sch. ; [Cuba! to
French islands ! Galapagos !].

9. C. viscosus, Ait. Rhizoma short; stem obtuse-angled below, scabrous, viscous;
leaves convolute-filiform ; clusters unequally umbellate : involucre long, 3-5-leaved ; spike-
lets ovate, blunt, greenish-brown, 12— 4-flowered ; glumes elliptical, mucronate with a short,
spreading point, 11-7 -nerved, approximate, twice as long as the obovate, 3-gonal, smooth
achenium : furrows naked ; stamens 2 .—Rottb. Descr. t. 6. f. 4.— C. elegans, Rotlb —
3'-2' high; glumes 1"' long. -Hab. Jamaica!, Macf. ; Antigua!, Nichols, Wullschl.;
Dominica!, Imr.; Trinidad!; [Cuba! to French islands!, Sieb. Mart. 12; Mexico to
Venezuela],

10. C. laxus, Lam. Rhizoma short; stem 3-angular, glabrous; leaves broadly linear,
fiat; clusters in a compound umbel: involucre long, 6-12-leavcd ; spikelets oblong, bluntish,
greenish, or greenish-brown, 16-0 -flowered ; glumes roundish-elliptical , mucronate with a
greenish, spreading point, ^-7 -nerved, with a broadly membranaceous margin, thrice as
long as the naked furrow, half as long again as the elliptical, 3-quetrous, smooth achenium ;

3lunenS C' clegans’ v> Me.V- 1 (non -£■).— 3 '-2' high ; leaves 4"'-2"' broad; glumes
V long— Hab. Jamaica!, A/., M‘Nab, Wullschl., March; Trinidad!, Sieb. Tr. 9 ; [Pa-
nama!, Venezuela!, Guiana!, Brazil].

11. C. simplex. Kill. Rhizoma short; stem 3-augular, glabrous, usually shorter than
or as long as the involucre; leaves fiat ; clusters of 3-5 (-1) diverging spikelets in a
simple, lax umbel: involucre long, 5-12-leaved; spikelets oblong-linear, tapering above,
greenish- irowu inany( 8-) flowered ; glumes oblong-lanceolate, acuminate with a bluntish,
erect point, 7-1 i-nerved near the middle, 4 times as long as the narrowly winged furrow.

564

CYPERACEiE.

thrice as long as the truncate-obovate, subglobose-3-gonal, dotted achenium; stamen 1. —
Prsl. Reliq. llank. 1. t. 31./. 1. — 8"— 12" high (the long rays up the umbel included) ;
leaves 2'" broad ; glumes 1"' long. — Hah. Trinidad!, Pd., Lodch.; [Panama and Vene-
zuela ! to Uruguay],

12. C. surinamensis, Roltb. Rhizoma short; stem 3-angular, scabrous; leaves

Jlat ; clusters dense, unequally umbellate : involucre long, 6-3-leaved ; spikelets oblong, or
ovate-oblong, blunt, yellowish, many-10-flowered ; <jlum.es shortly ovate-oblong, bluntish,
b-nerved, 4-5 times as long as the naked furrow, twice as long as the elliptical-oblong, 3-
gonal, pointed, dotted achenium; stamen 1. — Rottb. JJescr. 1. 6./. 5. — C. vegetus, Mey.
Esseq. ! ( non TV.). — 1'-2' high; leaves broad; glumes long. — Hab. Trinidad !,

Sieb. Tr. 8; [Portorico and Mexico to Brazil !].

13. C. Iiuzulae, Rottb. Perennial; stem 3 angular, glabrous; leaves glaucous, fat-,
clusters very dense, subglobose-ovate, in a short umbel: involucre very long, 6-12-leaved;
spikelets ovate, blunt, pale, 12-4-flowered ; glumes oblong-lanceolate, bluntish, b-nerved,
approximate, twice as long as the elliptical-oblong, 3-gonal, pointed, dotted achenium : fur-
rows naked; stamen 1. — Rottb. JJescr. t. 13./. 2. — C. trinitatis, Steud. ; — 8"-2i" high;
glumes i1" long. — Hab. Dominica!; Trinidad !, Sieb. Tr. 1 ; [Carolina!; Panama!, Guiana!,
Brazil !] .

14. C. Haspan, L. Rhizoma short; stem 3-angular above, glabrous; leaves none
or feio and short ; clusters of 3-7, diverging spikelets in a simple or compound umbel : in-
volucre short, 2-leaved ; spikelets oblong-linear, bluntish, brown, many-8-liowered ; glumes
oblong -linear, mucronate with a short, erect point, b-nerved, 4 times as long as the naked
furrow, and as the minute, o void-3 -gonal, dotted achenium; stamens 3. — Rottb. JJescr. t.
6./. 2 ; t. 17./. 3 : the latter is the common, aphyllous form, in both figures the involucre
is more than usually developed. — C. autumnalis, V. — 8"-3' high, very variable ; glumes J'"
long. — -Hab. Jamaica !, Al., Wullschl. ; [southern United States! to Brazil ! ; trop. Asia !
and Africa ! to the Cape].

tf Furrows winged : wing membranaceous, at length separating from its glume,

. and more tardily from the rhachis.

15. C. articulatus, L. Rhizoma stolo iferons, knobbed ; stem cylindrical, trans-
versely partitioned, aphyllous, glabrous ; clusters of spreading spikelets in a simple, or com-
pound umbel : involucre reduced, scaly ; spikelets linear, acuminate, brown, many-flowered ;
glumes oblong-lanceolate, bluntish, J-b-nerved, 3-4 times as long as the winged furrow
and as the obovate-oblong, 3-gonal achenium ; stamens 3. — SI. t. 81./. 1. — 2'-4' high,
variable in the validity of the stem, the colour of the glumes, and (like all other species) in
the size of the inflorescence and spikelets ; glumes I )-'" long. — Hab. Jamaica !, March ;
Antigua !, Wullschl. ; Trinidad !, Cr. ; [all tropical countries to Egypt !, the Cape, and
southern United States],

16. C. trichodes, Gr. ( n . sp.) Rhizoma creeping, knobbed ; stem low, setaceous,

glabrous, flexuose, exceeding the recurved, setaceous leaves; spikelet single, lateral , linear,
acuminate, brown, 16-4-ftowered ; glumes ovate-lanceolate, bluntish, 9- b-nerved , thrice as
long as the winged furrow, twice as long as the obliquely obovate-oblong, 3-gonal achenium ;
stamens 3. — Habit of Scirpus setaceus, but all glumes regularly distichous ; stem almost
hair-like, 4"-8" long, its summit (replacing, as in C. mucronalus, the involucre) l"-2''
long beyond the spikelet ; leaves i"-b" long in dense tufts along the slender, shortly-
branched rhizoma ; spikelet 4.'"-2'" long, broad, compressed : 2 lowest glumes

empty, or the lowest transformed into a 3hort, setaceous bract : wings of the furrow about
as broad as the rhachis, early loose, at length disappearing ; glumes long : keel

greenish, 3-nerved ; stamens included ; style filiform, 3-fid above the middle. — Hab.
Jamaica !, Wullschl., Manchester, at Eair field.

17. C. rotundas, L. Rhizoma stolon iferous, bearing ovoid tubers ; stem 3-angular,
glabrous ; leaves flat ; dusters or short spikes of spreading spikelets unequally umbellate :
involucre 3 -5-leaved ; spikelets linear, acuminate, brown, many-flowered; glumes half-
onate, bluntish, few-nerved at the green keel, 4-5 times as long as the winged furrow,
thrice as long as the obovate-oblong, 3-gonal achenium; stamens 3. — Rottb. JJescr. t. 14.

CYPERACE/E.

565

f. 2. — C. hexastaehyos, Roitb. ( non Sw.) C. Hydra, V. C. proemorsus, Boclceler. C. spha-
celatus, Sieb. Mix}. 359 (non Roitb.). C. olivaris, Turg. — 6"-12" (-1-J') high ; glumes
long. — IIab. Jamaica!, Pd., Wi/s., March, a troublesome weed, said to be introduced;
S. Kitts !, Els., Antigua !, Wullschl. ; Trinidad !, Sieb. ; [United States ! to Guiana !, and
all tropical and warmer temperate countries of the old world].

18. C. esculentus, L. Rhizoma stoloniferous, bearing subglobose tubers ,- stem 3-
angular, glabrous; leaves flat; clusters of spreading spikelets unequally umbellate: involucre
3-5-leaved ; spikelets linear, pale-brown, or straw-coloured, many (-6) -flowered ; glumes
half -ovate-oblong, blunt, 7 -nerved, 3-4 times as long as the winged furrow, twice as long
as the obovate-oblong, 3-gonal achenium ; stamens 3. — C. aureus, Ten. C. repens, Ell.
C. phymatodes, Uiihl. C. gracilescens, R. S. — V—21 high; glumes Lw long. — Hab. Ja-
maica!, March ; [all tropical countries to Italy !, the Cape, and United States!].

19. C. brunneus, Sw. Rhizoma short; stem 3-angular, glabrous ; leaves flat, keeled,
glaucous ; clusters or spikes of many diverging spikelets in a simple, or compound, con-
tracted, or unequal umbel : involucre long, 3-6-leaved; spikelets lanceolate-linear, bicon-
vex, rusty-brown, 12-3-flowered ; glumes half-ovate, bluntish, 9-11 -nerved, thrice as long
as the winged furrow, twice as long as the elliptical-oblong, 3-gonal achenium ; stamens 3.
— St. i. 74./. 2, 3 ?. — C. insignis, Kth. ( ex Sieb. Trin. 7). C. purpurascens, V. : a broad-
leaved form with compressed umbels. C. planilolius, Rich, (ex descr). — 1'-4' high; leaves
3,"-6w broad ; glumes li'" long.— Hab. Jamaica!, Pd., on the sandy seacoast ; Antigua!,
Wullschl., Dominica !, Imr. ; Trinidad !, Sieb. ; [Cuba ! to Guadeloupe !].

20. C. sphacelatus, Roitb. Rhizoma short ; stem 3-angular, glabrous : one side
channelled below ; leaves flat ; clusters or spikes of spreading spikelets unequally umbellate :
involucre long, 3-6-leaved ; spikelets linear, tapering above, many-flowered, greenish, mostly
with an oblong, purple blotch along the margin ; glumes half-ovate-oblong, bluntish with a
minute point, b-Z-nerved, 4 times as long as the winged furrow, 24 times as long as the
elliptical, 3-qnetrous achenium; stamens 3.— C. hexastachyos, Sw. (non Roitb.) C. Bal-
bisii, Kth. 8"-2' high ; glumes H'" long.— Hab. Jamaica!, At., M‘Nab S. Kitts !, Els.,
a noxious weed, Antigua !, Wullschl., Dominical, Imr.; [Haiti to Brazil !].

21. G. distans, L., Sw. Rhizoma short; stem 3-angular, glabrous; leaves flat; spikes

of spreading spikelets in a large compouud (or simple) umbel : involucre long, 8-5 -leaved-
spikelets liuear, 16-8-llowered , brown, at length pale ; glumes distant, oblong, bluntish,
5-3-nerved at the convex keel, at length spreading, twice as long as the winged furrow,
4 as long again as the oblong-lanceolate, 3-gonal achenium ; stamens 3.— Roitb. Descr. t.
™-~C- elatUS’ RoM-—s,tont’ H'-3' high ; glumes long.— Hab. Antigua!, Wullschl.-

[3. Thomas to Brazil ; trop. Asia !, Australia, and Africa to the Cape],

Sect. 4 Diclidium, Schrad.— Spikelets sub cylindrical -. glumes rounded on the back -.
rhadrn jointed, its furrows deep, including or embracing the Z -angular achenium by its
persistent wing or margin. Style 3 -cl eft.

* Spikelets in a single, lateral cluster.

22. C. filiformis, Sw. Rhizoma short; stem slender, striate, 3-angular above, gla-
brous ; leaves setaceous-linear, or most abortive ; cluster single, exceeded by one, erect
leal of the 3- 1 -leaved mvo ucre ; spikelets linear, flexuose, 8-4 -flowered, pale, or pale-
) own , glumes oblong, bluntish, obsoletely many-nerved, twice as long as the furrow half
as long again as the lanceolate-oblong, 3-gonal, dotted achenium : furrows convex on the
back; wings membranaceous; stamens 3.— C. havaneusis, 7/C— V-3' hi ah ; Humes U1"
long— Hab. Jamaica!, Pd., AL, March, Wullschl., on grassy hills; [Cuba!, Halt!]

** Spikes of approximate spikelets, in a simple or compound umbel.

broadlvCli„eat0raS, f llhiZ°ma *h°‘‘t7; ,sle.m sto< 3-qnetrous, glabrous; leaves
linear 12-7 flowed A l / “ ?0mP0U”? umbel: involucre long, 6-12-leaved; spikelets
the furrow and af’/b?/ ! oblpng -lanceolate, bluntish, striate, twice as long as

l^the back (Aire0^T06i0^ convex— 3-gonal, included achenium: furrows
on x on the back w ngs chartaceous • stamens 3— 67. t. 74. /! 1.— C Sanctre Crucis

Liebm. 2 -several feet high; glumes 1J'" long, 2 lowest empty ones broad at the base,’

5CC

CYPERACEfE.

achenium pale. — PIab. Jamaica!, Al. ; Antigua!, Wullschl., Dominica!, I/nr., S. Vincent!,
Guild. ; Trinidad !, Sch. ; [Cuba to Guiana !] .

24. C. densiflorus, Meij.! Rhizoma short ; stem stout, 3-quctrous, glabrous; leaves
linear, flat ; spikes in a compound umbel : involucre 6-12-leaved ; spike lets linear, 18-8-
flowered, pale ; glumes oblong -lanceolate, bluntish, striate, twice as long as the furrow,
half as long again as the lanceolate-oblong, convex-3-gonal, shortlg ejcserled achenium :
furrows convex on the back: wings chartaceous ; stamens 3. — C. ferax. Rich. sec. Ns. (non
C. ferox, V.). Diclidium ferox, Schrad. — Habit exactly of the preceding, and variable, but
glumes 1"' long, the lowest two empty ones often setaceous, and achenium exserted from the
wings, at length brown, dotted. — Hab. Jamaica !, Wils. ; Montserrat ; Trinidad !, Cr. ;
[Guatemala !, Guiana !, Brazil !].

25. C. ftexuosus, V. Rhizoma short ; stem 3-quetrous above, glabrous ; leaves linear,
flat; spikes usually 3-5-nate in a large, unequal umbel: involucre 6-12-leaved; spikelels
linear, 6-3 -flowered, diverging, pale ; glumes oblong -lanceolate, bluntish , thrice as long as
the furrow, twice as long as the lanceolate-oblong, convex-3-goual, shortly exserted ache-
nium : furrows convex on the back : wings chartaceous ; stamens 3. — Rudg. Guian. t. 20.
— C. stellatus, Rudg. — Habit of the preceding, but spikelets shorter (3"'-4'" long), less ap-
proximate. 2'— i' high ; glumes 11'" long- ; achenium pale.— Hab. Jamaica !, March, Wits.;
[Cuba ! to Brazil !, Pcepp. 30S3],

26. C. Vahlii, St end. Rhizoma short ; stem 3-angular, glabrous : one side channelled ;
leaves linear, flat; spikes usually 3-3-nate in a simple umbel: involucre 5 -8-leaved ;
spikelets densely approximate, linear, 12-4-flowered, purple-brown ; glumes oblong, blunt,
striate on the green bark, twice as long as the furrow and as the obovate-obtong, oblique,
3 -gonal, included achenium : furrows convex on the back : wings chartaceous. — Diclidium,
Ns. C. ferox, V. (non C. ferax, Rich.). — 1'-2' high, approaching C. brunneus, Sw., in
habit; glumes 1 long; achenium pale, dotted. — Hab. Jamaica!, Wits.; Antigua!,
Wullschl. ; [Cuba !, French islands !].

27. C. Ehrenbergii, Ktli. Rhizoma short; stem 3-augular, glabrous: one side
channelled ; leaves linear, flat ; spikes usually ternate in a simple umbel : involucre long,
3-8-leaved ; spikelets approximate, diverging, linear, 10-6-flowered, pale, or rusty-brown ;
glumes oblong-lanceolate, bluntish, 5 -nerved at the greenish back, thrice as long as the
furrow, half as long again as the obovate-obtong , convex-3-gonal, more than half exserted
achenium : furrows couvex on the back : wings membranaceous ; stamens 3. — C. strigosus,
Schlecht. ( non I .). — Rhachis less distinctly jointed than in the other Biclidia, but habit and
glumes of C. odoratus. — 1'— 2' high ; glumes 1'" long; achenium dotted.— Hab. Jamaica !,
Wullschl.; [Cuba! to Guiana!, Kegel, 95].

Sect. 5. Papyrus, Pet. Thouars. — Spikelets subcompressed with keeled glumes: rhachis

persistent, its wings chartaceous, early separated and forming nearly free scales, adhering

only at the base. Style 2,-cleft. Achenium 3-angular. Spikelets spitcate.

28. C. elatus, L. ( non Rottb.). Perennial ; stem high, 3-angular, glabrous ; clusters
of spikes in a large umbel, supported by long involucels : involucre very long, many-leaved ;
spikelels spikate, spreading, lanceolate-linear, 10-3-Jlowered, pale ; glumes oblong, mucro-
nul ate-obtusate, feio-nerved at the keel, thrice as long as the furrow and as the lanceolate-
acuminate scales ; stamens 3. — SI. t. 8. — Papyrus, Ns. C. Necsii, Kth. C. jubseflorus,
Rudg. (Guian. t. 21)?: a form with shorter involucels.— 6'-9' high; umbel compound, or
simple: involucral leaves linear-acuminate, suberect, often 1 '-1 V long ; rays of the umbel
3"-6", spikes 1"-1V' long, the latter exceeded by or exceeding the invoked ; glumes 1
long; anthers mucronate. — Hab. Jamaica!, Sw., Wils., March, along lagoons ; Barbadoes;
Trinidad !, Cr. ; [Guiana; East Indies !].

Sect. 6. Makiscus. V. — Spikelels few-flowered, subcompressed with keeled glumes : rhachis

jointed at the base: 2 lowest empty glumes persistent below the joint. Style 3 -cleft.

Achenium 3-angular. — Spikelets spikate or capitate.

* Spikes umbellate : spikelets turned to all sides.

29. C. ligularis, L. Rhizoma short ; stem stout, 3-angular, roughish ; leaves broadly

CYPERACE/E.

567

linear, glaucous ; heads oblong, blunt, 3-7 -nately clustered, in an unequal umbel, lateral
shorter, diverging : involucre long, 5-8-lcaved ; spikelets densely approximate-imbricated,
rusty or pale, lanceolate, 3-5-flowered, inferior recurved ; glumes oblong, bluntish, many-
nerved, thrice as long as the furrow, twice as long as the ellipticaI-3-gonal achenium : wings
of the furrow broad, at length disappearing ; stamens 3. — SI. t. 9. Bottb. Descr. t. 11.
f. 2. — Mariscus coriaceus, Meg. Esseq. ! — 2'-4' high ; terminal heads 8'"-10"', fertile
glumes about 1"' long. — Hab. Jamaica !, Al. Wils., March ; Antigua !, Wullschl., Domi-
nica !, Imr., Barbadoes ; [Cuba ! and Mexico to Brazil ! ; trop. Africa to the Cape].

30. C. Kleyenianus, Kth. Rhizoma short ; stem 3-angnlar, glabrous ; leaves linear,
flat ; spikes slender, umbellate : involucre long, 5-12-leaved ; spikelets spreading, distinct,
pale or brownish-variegated, linear, 5-3-flowered ; glumes oblong-lanceolate , bluntish,
mavy-nerved, twice as long as the furrow, half as long again as the oblong-3-gonal ache-
nium : furrows narrowly winged; stamens 3. — Mariscus, Ns. 0! — -P-lV high; spikes
l"-li", glumes H'"— 11"' long. — Hab. Jamaica!, Wullschl.; [Venezuela !, Brazil !].

** Spikes umbellate or clustered: spikelets sub distichous.

31. C. anceps, Liebm. Rhizoma short; stem slender, 3-angular, glabrous: one side
channelled ; leaves liuear, flat ; spikes lax, of J 6-30 diverging, somewhat distant, subdisii-
chous spikelets, unequally umbellate, interior sessile : involucre 4-8-leaved : exterior leaf-
lets long, spreading; spikelets lanceolate-linear, rusty-brown, h-Qflowered ; fertile glumes
ohlong, bluntish, 7-9-nerved, thrice as long as the furrow, half as long again as the ellip-
tical-oblong , 3-gonal achenium : furrows broadly winged : stamens 3. — l'-2' high; glumes
1"' long. — Hab. Jamaica 1, Wullschl.; [Cuba].

32. C. Mutisii, Gr. Rhizoma short ; stem 3-angular, glabrous : one side channelled ;
leaves linear, flat ; spikes slender, of 20-40, spreading, somewhat distant, subdistichous
spikelets, unequally umbellate, interior or all sessile : involucre 4-“ 9 ’’-leaved : exterior
leaflets long; spikelets lanceolate, rusty-broum, %-\\-flowered ; fertile glumes oblong,
bluntish, 7-nerved, thrice as long as the furrow, twice as long as the oblong, 3-goual ache-
nium: furrows broadly winged ; stamens 3. — Kth. Nov. Gen. t. 66. — Mariscus, ATM. {non
Anders). M. Pceppigianus, Kth. — 1' high; inferior fertile glumes li"' long.— Hab.
Jamaica !, Pd. ; [Mexico, Venezuela!, Peru],

33. C. platystachyus, Gr. {n. sp). Rhizoma short ; stem 3-angular, glabrous, tumid

at the base : 2 sides channelled ; leaves linear, flat, equalling the stem ; spikes broadly ob-
long, flatfish from numerous, honzontally diverging, subdistichous spikelets, clustered-sub-
sessile: involucre long, 5-8-leaved; spikelets linear-acuminate, pale or variegated with
reddish lines, b-3 -flowered ; fertile glumes lanceolate, acuminate with a bluntish point,
many-ncrved, thrice as long as the ftirrow, half as long again as the oblong, 3-gonal ache-
nium : furrows winged; stamens 3. — Allied to C. ooslachyus, Ns. !, in which the spikes are
shorter and rounded, the glumes longer and twice as long as the achenium. 1-lV high,
slender; leaves broad; spikes about 6, 6"'-10'", spikelets 3"'-4"', glumes lk'"

long : the nerves of the latter promiuent. — Hab. Jamaica !, Al., March, Wullschl.

34. C. cyclostachyus, Gr. («. ija.). Root fibrous; stem slender, 3-angular, glabrous :
one side narrow, channelled ; leaves linear, flat ; heads orbicular from spreading and re-
curved spikelets; unequally umbellate, central subsessile : involucre long, spreading, 4-6-
leaved ; spikelets somewhat distichous, approximate, lanceolate-linear, greenish and’ pale,
ib-i flowered ; fertile glumes oblong or oblong -lanceolate, bluntish, 7-9-nerved, thrice as
long as the furrow, twice as long as the oblong achenium : furrows narrowly winged ; sta-
mens 3 ; style 3-partite, exserted. — Allied to C. ovularis, Torr. 12"'-6m high ; leaves

broad; heads usually 5, 5"'-6'" diam. : exterior peduncles 1"-1£" long’; spike-
lets 20-40, 3"', glumes 1-J'" long. — Hab. Jamaica !, March.

Hpnkes clustered ( rarely a few peduncled) : spikelets turned to all sides.

35. C. flavamariscus, Gr. Rhizoma shortly creeping ; stems approximate, tumid at
the base, 3-quetrous, glabrous ; leaves linear, flat ; spikes shortly oblong-cylindrical, blunt,
clustered (rarely a tew peduncled) : involucre 3-6-lcaved : 1-3 leaflets long, spreading ;
spikelets densely approximate, imbricate, lanceolate, yellowish or variegated with brown,
3- 1 .[-flowered ; fertile glumes ovate-oblong , bluntish, many-ncrved, twice as long ns

568

CYPE RACEME.

the furrow and as the obovate-oblong, obtusely 3-quetrous achenium : furrows broadly
winged. — Mariscus flavus, V. M. elatus, V. M. aggregatus, Sieb. Mart. 19! — 8"-l ['
high, variable; spikes usually 5-7, glumes lj"' long; spikelets often as long as

the lowest sterile glume (the bract). — IIab. Jamaica!, Al. ; Antigua !, Wullschl.; Trinidad ! ;
[Cuba ! and Mexico to Brazil !].

2. KYLLINGA, Rottb.

SpUcelets of a single fertile flower : 2 lower empty, small glumes approximate to the third
fertile and the fourth sterile glume. Achenium beakless. — Spikelets densely approximate
in single or several clustered (rarely peduncled) heads ; involucre 2>(2-A)-leaved.

* Style 2> -fid ; achenium 2>-gonal.

36. X. filiformis, Sio. Rhizoma short ; stem several-leaved ; leaves narrowly linear ;
heads shortly oblong or subglobose, 3(-4) in a cluster, or single, (or a few peduncled) : 2 in-
volucral leaves long, the third usually short (or abortive) ; fertile glume lo-9-nerved,
pointed, little longer or almost half as long again as the 3-goual, ellipsoidal, dotted acheuium ;
stamens 3 ; style 3-fid. — Mariscus, Spreng. — 6"-lV high, very variable in the form, the
arrangement, and the colour of the heads, but conform in the approximate, prominent glume-
nerves.

a. Heads usually shortly oblong, 3"'-2'" long, 1-3 sessile, or one of them peduncled ;
spikelets ovate-lanceolate, spreading, or at length reflexed, olivaceous or yellowish; achenium
blackish, little shorter than the glume.

j3. Berteroana. Heads shortly oblong, blunt, 3,"-4,,, long, 3-4 in a cluster ; spikelets
elliptical-lauceolate, diverging, yellowish ; acheuium yellowish or pale-brown, little exceeding
half the glume. — Mariscus filiformis, from Guadeloupe, Kth.

y. capillaris. Heads subglobose, 2'" diam., solitary or the 2 lateral smaller, densely
clustered, rusty or rusty-brown : involucre unequal : the longest leaflet suberect ; achenium
blackish, little shorter than the glume. — Schcenus capillaris, Sw. (Mariscus, V.). — Hab.
Jamaica \,%March (a), Wullschl. ; [Cuba !, French islands ! Q3) ; Mexico 1 to Guiana !].

** Style 2-fid ; achenium compressed.

37. K. triceps, Rottb., Sw., Meg.! Rhizoma short; stem several-leaved; leaves

linear-acuminate, flat ; heads shortly oblong or subglobose, 3 (-1) clustered, pale ; fertile
glume membranaceous with a green, glabrescent keel, 9-5 -nerved with the lateral nerves
delicate, ovate-lanceolate, pointed, twice as long as the elliptical achenium ; stamens 2 ;
style 2-fid. — Rottb. Bescr. t. 4. f. 6. — K. odorata, V., Ns.— 4"-8" high ; heads
spikelets loug.— Hab. Jamaica!, March; Antigua!, Wullschl., Dominica!, Imr., in

pastures; Trinidad!, Sch. ; [Panama!, Guiana!, Brazil; East Indies].

38. K. monocephala, Rottb., Sw. Rhizoma creeping ; stem several-leaved; leaves
linear, flat; heads single, globose, pale, involucre 3(-4)-leaved, spreading; fertile glume
membranaceous with a green keel, 7—9 -nerved with the lateral nerves delicate , ovate-lanceo-
late, mucronate, twice as long the elliptical, pale achenium ; stamens l-2(-3) ; style 2-fid. —
Rottb. Bescr. t. 4. f. 4. — K. cruciformis, Schrad. I K. sororia, Kth. Cypems kyllingioides,
Sieb. Mart. 1 6 !— 8"-12" high ; heads 3"-2" diam. ; spikelets 1"' long : mucro of the glumes
slightly spreading. — Hab. Jamaica!, AL, March, Wits., common; S. Vincent. !, Guild.;
[Mexico ! to Brazil ; Pacific islands !, trop. Australia, East Indies !].

39. X. brevifolia, Rottb. Rhizoma creeping (or stoloni ferous) ; stem 1(— severnl)-
leaved, much longer than the leaf; leaves linear, flat; heads si»g!e(- 3), subglobose, pale :
involucre spreading ; fertile glume membranaceous with a green keel, 7-9 -nerved with the
lateral nerves prominent, oblong-lanceolate, recurved-mucronate, more than twice as long as
the elliptical achenium ; stamens 2-3 ; style 2-iid. — Rottb. Bescr. t. 4. f. 3. — K. striata,
Schrad. — 2'-l' high, slender; heads 2"'-3"' diam.; spikelets li'" long. — Hab. Jamaica!,
March; Antigua!, Wullschl., Dominica !, Imr., in pastures; Trinidad !, Sch. ; [Cuba; to
Brazil ! ; East Indies !].

40. X. aphylla, Kth. Rhizoma creeping, bearing ovate, spreading scales; stems
aphyllous, sheathed at the base : head single, globose, exceeding the involucre, pale or pale-

CYPERACEiE.

569

rusty; fertile glume membranaceous at the margin, oblong, bluntish, 5-7 -nerved with the
lateral nerves delicate, twice as long as the obovate-oblong achenium : uppermost glume
exserted, sharply keeled ; stamens 3 ; style 2-fid. — St. t. 87. f. 2. — Mnriscus, V. K. glo-
bosa, P. B. K. vaginata, Lam. (ex parte). — Stems approximate along the rhizoma, 2'- 11'
high, triquetrous at the tapering summit; heads dense, &"-4sln diam. ; spikelets If "-2"'
long. — Hab. Jamaica!, Pd., March, At., on the seashore; Antigua!, Wullschl. ; Trini-
dad !, Cr. ; [Haiti and Mexico to Ecuador ! ; trop. Africa],

3. REMIREA, Aubl.

Spikelets 1-flowered : 3 or more inferior glumes empty, the uppermost fertile, at length
leathery, including the achenium. Stamens 3. Style 3-fid : the achenium beaked by its
base. — Rhizoma branched ; stem densely leafy ; leaves rigid, spreading, channelled, taper-
ing into a pungent point ; heads dense, several in a cluster.

41. R. maritima, Aubl. Leaves subdistichous ; clusters sessile.- — 3"— 4" high; leaves

clusters 4m-6'" long; sterile glumes many-nerved, pale or pale -brown, the fertile
dotted. — Hab. 'Trinidad !, Pd., Cr., on the seashore ; [Panama ! to Brazil ! ; West coast of
trop. Africa].

4. ABILDGAARDIA, V.

Character of Cyperus, but fertile glumes becoming 3-stiehous by torsion of the rhachis,
style jointed at the base, and achenium mostly tubercled or winged. — Spikelets compressed:
rhachis winged; style 3 -fid.

42. A. monostachya, V. Perennial ; stem usually exceeding the narrow leaves ; spike-
lets single (-2), terminal, ovate, pointed, pale, many-flowered ; glumes 3-nerved at the
keel, 2 lowest empty, mucrouate ; achenium tubercled, 3-costate-subglobose, shortly stipitate.

SI. t. 79. f. 2. Rottb. Baser, t. 13. f. 3. — Cyperus, L. — 12") high ; spikelets
3",-4m long.- — Hab. Jamaica !, Wils.; Antigua!, Wullschl., Dominica!, Imr. ; Trinidad!,
Sieb. ; [Cuba ! to Brazil ! ; East Indies ! to the Cape and Australia].

Tribe II. SCIRPE/E. — Flowers hermaphrodite for polygamous) : scales
imbricated all round.

5. SCIRPIJS, L.

Glumes devoid of included scales, most fertile, or 1-2 lowest sterile : the flower often sup-
ported by bristles. Achenium headless, or crowned with the thickish base of the style.

Spikelets single, or cyniose. \

Sect. 1. Eeeocharis, R. Br. — Flowers supported by bristles for the bristles sometimes
abortive). Achenium jointed with the persistent, thickish base of the style ftlie tubercle).
— Spikelets single terminating the naked stem.

Stem striate, knotless, and devoid of distant transverse partitions of the pith.

43. S. retroflexus, Poir. Rhizoma filiform, fibrous at the tufts ; stems low, angular,
capillary, knotless, recurved ; spikelets elliptical-oblong, few-flowered ; glumes few-ranked,'
oblong, bluntish, the lowest half as long as the spikelet or longer ; style 2,-fid; achenium
pale, obovate, 2 -keeled with convex, delicately and densely striate sides, exceeding the
bristles: tubercle small, conical, pointed— Cyperus depauperatus, V. (Eleocharis, Kth.).
Chsetocyperus polymorphus a, Ns. Ch. rugulosus, Ns. ! l"-8"(5") high ; spikelet l"'-2"'
or Purple-variegated: flowers 2-6, lowest glume long. -Hab. Jamaica !,

.upends and wet places; Dominica, Imr. ,- Trinidad, Cr. ; [Cuba! and Mexico !

■I4) /l Lh'n ®;hii!oraa creeping ; stem long, angular, capillary, knotlcss ;

spikelet elliptical-oblong, 6-1 2-flowered ; glumes few-ranked, oblong, bluntish, subequal;
style 6 2-fid; achenium pale, obovate, subcompressed, 2,-keeled with 2 turgid-convex, smooth
sides \ exceeding the few bristles, or bristles wanting: tubercle depressed-mamillar, llattish,
shortly mucronate at the centre. — Eleocharis, Schnll. — Habit of S. acicularis, L., 3"-5"

570

CYPERACETE.

high; spikelet 2'" long ; glumes purple, pale at the margin ; filaments 2-3, long, persistent.
— Ha is. Trinidad!, Cr., in savannahs; Mexico I to Venezuela!, Pencil . 1585].

45. S. ocreatus, Gr. Rhizoma fibrous, stoloniferous ; stems low, striate, knolless :
sheaths loose, membranaceous, pointless ; spikelet ovate-oblong, 5 -15 -flowered ; glumes
few-ranked, elliptical-oblong, bluntish ; style 2-fid ; achenium shining brown, obovate,
biconvex, smooth, nearly as tong as the bristles : tubercle small, conical , pointed , about one-
third as broad as the achenium. — Eleogenus, Ns. Eleocharis sulciculmis, Sieb. Trin. 4! S.
caribseus, PI. Carib. — S"-l"(-l') high: stolons few, tardily appearing ; spikelet l'"-2"'long,
usually pale: lowest glume one-half or one-third as long. — IIab. Jamaica!, Wullschl. ;
Trinidad !, Sieb. ; [Cuba ! to Brazil !].

46. S. capitatus, L., Cliff. {non Sp. Plant.). — Root fibrous, annual ; stems striate,
knotless: sheaths pointed; spikelet globose-conical, many-jlowered ; glumes mauy -ranked,
oval-roundish, blunt; style 2-fid; achenium shining-brown, obovate, biconvex, smooth,
shorter than the bristles : tubercle small, mamillar, mucronate, pale. — SI. t. 7 5 -f. 2. Roltb.
Bescr. t. 15. f. 3 : a low form. — Eleogenus, Ns. Eleocharis, R. Br. ( ex parte), Kth. S.
geniculatus, L. {ex parte). — Usually 1' high, or lower ; spikelet, 2" long, pale, or variegated :
flowers dense, 50-80. — IIab. Jamaica!, Wits., M‘Nab ; Antigua!, Wullschl. ; Trinidad!,
Pd., Cr., Loclch. ; [Louisiana ! and Cuba ! to Brazil ! ; trop. Asia !, Australia !, and
Africa !].

47 S. maculosus, V. Rhizoma creeping ; stem slender, striate, knotless : sheaths
membranaceous at the lacerate, pointless top ; spikelet elliptical-oblong, pointed, many-
flowered ; glumes many-rauked, ovate-oblong, blunt, brown-purple within the whitish,
membranaceous magiu ; style 2-fid; achenium shining -black, obovate-roundish, minute,
turgid-biconvex, smooth, half as long as the bristles ; tubercle conical, bluntish, pale, half
as broad as the achenium. — Eleocharis, R. Br. — li,-l/ high; spikelet 4n,-5 long:
flowers about 30 ; lowest glume li"'-2"' long.— Hab. Caribbean islands ; [Guadeloupe ! to
Brazil !].

48. S. mitratus, Gr. {n. sp.). Rhizoma fibrous, stoloniferous; stem slender, striate,
knotless: sheaths obliquely truncate, or pointed, oppressed; spikelet cylindrical, many-
flowered; glumes 5-3-ranked, ovate-oblong, blunt, herbaceous with a membranaceous margin
lowest clasping; style 2-fid; achenium pale, obovate-roundish, subtruncate moproduced
into a tumid ring around the tubercle, constricted at the base, biconvex, longitudinally 1 1—
13 -costate on each side, twice as long as the bristles : tubercle compressed, bluntly couical,
nearly half as long as the achenium, deciduous. — Habit of S. palustris, the achenium larger
than in the allied S. nodulosus; stem cylindrical, 2'-l' high : partitions of the pith approxi-
mate, several-ranked : sheaths purple; spikelet 8"'— 16'" long ; glumes about 1 long,
variegated, greenish on the convex, substriate back, purple along the whitish margin ; ache-
nium f" long : ribs prominent, obtuse, transversely rugulose : tubercle brownish : bristles
usually 6, unequal. — Hab. Trinidad !, Cr., in savannahs.

** Stem terete , knotless, but divided internally by distant, transverse partitions of

the pith.

49 S. nodulosus, Rth. Rhizoma creeping ; stem slender, terete, striate, knotless :
pith distantly partitioned ; uppermost sheath mucronate ; spikelet conical-cylindrical,
pointed (or bluntish), many-flowered; glumes many-ranked membranaceous «hS>,ova •
lanceolate, or ovate, bluntish ; style 3-2-fid ; achenium pale,

smooth, as long as the bristles: tubercle small, mamillar-comcal, as broad and long as
constricted summit of the achenium— Eleogenus, Ns. Eleocharis, Schnlt. E. consangmuea
Kth. ! S. geniculatus, Sw. {non L.)- 1'-2' high : partitions of the pith 1 -ranked : sheaths
purpfe ; spikelet 8"'-3'"(-16"') long; glumes rusty-variegated; achenium, long suppmted
by a minute disk.— Hab. Antigua!, Wullschl., Dominica !, Imr. ; [Guadeloupe !, Mexico .
to Brazil !].

*** Stem terete, thicldsh, knotted by distant, transverse partitions of the pith.

50 S constrictus, Gr. Stem terete, thicldsh, knotted: sheaths truncate; spikelet

cylindrical, or conical-cylindrical, blunt, bigger than the tapering or constricted V

the stem ■ glumes many-ranked, membranaceous, ovate, blunt, lowest herbaceous within the

CYPERACE2E.

571

margin ; style Z-fid ; achenium pale, obovate, constricted at the base, biconvex, nearly
smooth, half as long again as the subulate tubercle, exceeded by the bristles. Eleocharis,
Schult. Limnoehloa, Ns. S. genieulatus, Meg. Esseq. 1 (Eleocharis, PI. Hostm., As. Gr.
in pi. Ervendberg.).— Z'-I1 high ; spikelet 12"'-6"' long, 4"'-3'" thick, rusty, or rusty-varie-
o-ated : bristles reaching to the summit of the beak. — Hab. Jamaica!, Wils., Wullschl., in
water; Dominica !, Imr. ; [Cuba ! aud Mexico ! to Brazil].

51. S. plantagineus, L., Sw. Stem terete, thickish, knotted : sheaths with a deltoid
point; spikelet cylindrical, nearly as big as the stem below its slightly constricted summit ;
glumes mauy-ranked, cartilaginous-scdrious within the membranaceous margin, striate, obo-
vate-roundish ; style Z-fid ; achenium pale, obovate, biconvex, longitudinally striate, half
as long again as the subulate tubercle, slightly exceeded by the bristles. — SI. t. 81. /. 3.
Limnoehloa, Ns. L. articulata, PI. Spruce. 4278. S. genieulatus, L. ( ex parte), Rottb.
S. interstinctus, V. (Eleocharis, R. Br). Eleocharis mutata, Weigelt. Surin. ! ( nonR . Br.).
E. equisetoides, Torr. — 3'— 2' high, big ; spikelet pale, 9"'-2" long ; bristles exceeded by the
beak.— Hab. Jamaica!, Pd., Al., Wils., in water; S. Vincent!, Guild.; [Louisiana! aud
Cuba ! to Brazil !].

###* Stem triquetrous, knotless.

52. S. mutatus, L. Stem triquetrous, knotless : sheaths with a deltoid point ; spike-
let cylindrical, bluntish, nearly as big as the stem below its slightly constricted summit ;
glumes many-rauked, cartilaginous-scarious within the membranaceous margin, striate, del-
toid-roundish, blunt; style 3 -fid; achenium pale-brown, obovate, biconvex, nearly smooth,
twice as long as the conical-subulate tubercle, slightly exceeded by the bristles. — Eleocharis,
R. Br. Limnoehloa, Ns. — l'-2' high; spikelet pale, 9"'-18'" long; bristles reaching to
the summit of the beak. — Hab. Jamaica!, Pd., WHs., lagoons; Antigua!, Wullschl-.;
[French islands !, Sieb. Mart. 10 ; Mexico to Uruguay !].

Sect. 2. Euscirpus .— Achenium naked, supported by bristles. — Spikelets cymose-panicled

in our species.

53. S. validus, V. Stem terete, stout, aphyllous, produced beyond the umbelliform
panicle; spikelets glomerate, ovate-oblong, brown; glumes ovate-roundish, mucronate,
ciliate; style 2-fid ; achenium pale, obovate, mucronate, fiat-convex, smooth, shorter than
the bristles. — 6'-10' high, about 10'" thick below : one form quite leafless ; achenium
scarcely 1'" long, half as large as in S. lacustris, but broader than in S. Taberneemontani.
— Hab. Jamaica !, Pd., in salt marshes aud lagoons ; [United States !, Mexico],

Sect. 3. Fimbristylis, V. — Achenium naked: no bristles. Style deciduous. — Most
leaves rosular, and spikelets cymose in our species.

+ Achenium Z-angular ; style thickened at the base (Trichelostylis, Leslib.).

54. S. autumn alis, L. Annual, ctespitose, glabrous ; stem compressed ; leaves
linear-acuminate, flat; cyme terminal, umbelliform, exceeding the involucre; spikelets
brown, oblong (or ovate), pointed ; glumes ovate, mucronate ; style 3-fid; achenium pale,
obovate-roundish, 3-gonal, smooth. — Fimbristylis, 11. S. Trichelostylis mucronulata, Torr.
— 2' high; spikelets 3"'-l"'long : rhaehis foveolate. — Hab. Jamaica 1, Antigua 1, Wullschl. ;
[United States 1 to Brazil 1].

55. S. amentaceus, Gr. Perennial, erect, glabrous; stem compressed; leaves linear,
acute, flat; cyme terminal, compound-umbelliform, exceeding the involucre; spikelets brown,
lanceolate-oblong, pointed ; glumes ovate-oblong, mucronate ; style 3-tid ; achenium pale,
obovate-roundish, 3-gonal, muricate. — Rudge, Guian. t. 19. — Cyperus, Rtidg. Triche-
lostylis ltudgeana, Ns. — 1'-3' high , spikelets 3'" long: furrows of the rhaehis winged. —
Hab. Dominica !, Imr., S. Vincent !, Guild. ; Trinidad !, Cr. ; [French islands ! to Brazil !].

ft Achenium dorsally compressed ; style cylindrical.

56. S. oLtusifolius, V. Perennial, erect, polished; stem compressed, naked above
the densely rosulatc leaves ; leaves rigid, linear, rounded at the top, concave ; cyme terminal,
contracted or the primary rays expanded, usually longer than the short involucre; spikelets
clustered, ovate, blunt; glumes brown, pale at the margin, ovate-oblong, blunt; style

2 t>

572

CYPERACEJ2.

3 (-2) -fid ; achenium brown, obovate, flat-convex, Vee led on the back, nearly smooth or
slightly rugose. — P. B. FI. Owar. t. 81. /. 1. — Isolepis, P. II. Fimbristyiis, Klh. —
6” — 1 2" high; leaves 2"-4" long, broad ; spikelets li'" long ; stamens 2. — Hab.

Antigua !, Wulischl., on the sea-shore ; [Brazil; trop. Africa to the Cape].

fft Achenium biconvex ; style flattish, ciliate, 2 -fid (Eufunbristylis).

57. S. ferrugineus, L. Perennial, rigid ; stem subcompressed ; leaves narrow, chan-
nelled ; cyme terminal, umbellilorm or compound; spikelets pedicellate, rusty, ovate-
conical ; glumes roundish-ovate, mueronate, pubescent on the back ; stamens 3 ; style 2-fid,
flat, ciliate ; achenium pale, obovate, biconvex, smooth. — SI. t. 77. f. 2. — Fimbristyiis, V.
— 1£'-2' high; spikelets 4"' (-6"') long. — IIab. Jamaica!, Pd., on watercourses; Antigua!,
Wulischl., on the seashore ; Trinidad ! ; [all tropical countries to Buenos Ayres and the
Cape],

58. S. srpadiceus, L. Perennial, rigid; stem subcompressed-lrigonal ; leaves long,
filiform, convolule-channel/ed ; cyme terminal, usually compound-umbelliform ; spikelets
pedicellate, shining-blackish, subcyliudrical or ovate, pointed ; glumes broadly ovate, mucro-
nate, glabrous ; stamens 3 ; style 2-lid, flat, ciliate ; achenium brown, obovate, biconvex,
densely striate— SI. t. 76./. 2.— Fimbristyiis, V— 2-3' high ; spikelets 6"'-8'"(-3'") long,

. — Hab. Jamaica !, Pd., March, on rivers and. the seashore ; Antigua !, Wulischl. ; [United
States ! to south Brazil !].

59. S. brizoides, Sm. Perennial, slender ; leaves linear, flat, scabrous-ciliate, exceeded
by the compressed stem ; cyme terminal, umbelliform ; spikelets pedicellate, rusty-variegated,
ovate-conical; glumes ovate, mueronate, glabrous; stameus l(-2) ; style 2-fid, flat, ciliate;
achenium pale, obovate, biconvex, 6-8 -costate on each side and transversely striate. -
F. laxa, V. S. annuus, PI. Cari.b. : Allione’s species has a roundish achenium, and 3-2
stamens. 6"-18" high ; spikelets 3"'-2'" long.— Hab. Jamaica!, all coll., common in wet
places ; Antigua !, Wulischl., Dominica !, S. Vincent !, Guild. ; Trinidad !, Sieb. Tr. 5, Cr. ,
Sch., in savannahs ; [United States to Brazil !].

Sect. 4. Oncostylis, Mart. — Achenium crowned with the persistent, thiclcish base of the
style : no bristles. — Flabit of Fimbristyiis.

60. S. capillaris, L. Annual, csespitose; stems angular, setaceous; leaves rosulate,
setaceous-filiform : sheath ciliate above or glabrescent ; cyme terminal, unequally umbelli-
form ; spikelets brown, ovate-oblong or ovate, bluntish ; glumes ovate, keeled, bluntish;
stamens 1-2; style 3-fid; achenium pale, 3-gonal, obovate, transversely wrinkled: tuber-
cle minute, mamillar.— Budge, Guian.t. 22.— Isolepis, 11. S. Fimbristyiis As.Gr. S. te-
nuifolius, Rudg. (Fimbristyiis, Ns.). — About 6"-8" high, variable; spikelets 2 long.—
Hab. Antigua!, Wulischl., Dominica!, Imr.; [all tropical countries to United States . and
Transcaucasia] .

61. S. juncoides, W. Perennial, crcspitose ; stems slender, angular ; leaves rosulate,
setaceous-filiform: sheath loose, densely ciliate above: cyme terminal, contracted ; spike-
lets clustered, brown, ovate-lanceolate, pointed ; glumes ovate-lanceolate, mueronate; sta-
mens 2 : style 3-fid ; achenium pale-brown, H-gonal, obovate, nearly smooth : tubercle very
minute— Isolepis junciformis, Kth— l'-lV high, spikelets H'" long, often all clustered.—
IIab. Trinidad!, Loclch. Cr., in savannahs; [Cuba! to Brazil].

Character of Scirpus, but a
Achenium naked : style 2(-3)
with a short leaf at the base ;

62. H. subsquarrosa,

ceeded by the bract (the lowei
ing or recurved point ; stamen
interior scale. — Mart. FI. Br
3"-6" high ; spikelets 2"'-l

6. IIEMICARPHA, Ns.

single scale in the axils of the fertile glumes below the flower,
-fid, deciduous. — Low, csespitose annuals ; stems capillary,
spikelets clustered {or single) : cluster apparently lateral.

Ns. Clusters of 3-2, ovate, many-flowered spikelets, ex-
involucral leaf) ; glumes pale-brown, lanceolate with a spread-
1 ; achenium oblong, subterctc, bluntish, pale, exceeding the
■as. 3. t. 4- f 1- — Scirpus, Muhlenb. Isolepis, Schrad. —
long. — IIab. Trinidad !, Cr. ; [Illinois 1 to Brazil !].

CY PE RACEME.

573

7. FUI RENA, Rnltb.

Character of Sciipus, but 3 scales below the flower (rarely abortive). — Erect, leafy, angu-
lar perennials : sheaths ligulate ; spikelets usually clustered ; glumes awned, or mucronate.

63. F. umbellata, Rottb. Stem usually glabrous ; sheaths 5- angular , somewhat

loosened; clusters in terminal and axillary umbels: peduncles hispid; glumes awned, 3-
nerved, greenish-brown ; achenium pale, 3-gonol, smooth, supported by 3 obovate scales and
no bristles. — Rottb. Bescr. t. 19. f. 3. — 2-several feet high; leaves broad, fiat;

spikelets 2"'-3'" long. — Hab. Jamaica !, all coll. ; Dominica !, Imr. ; Trinidad !, Sieb., Cr. ;
[aU tropical countries],

8. DIPLASIA, Rich.

Fertile glumes including 4 scales below the flower, lower empty. Stamens 8—6. Ache-
nium corky, biconvex, dorsally compressed, mucronate. — Stem stout, angular , leafy ; leaves
flat, lanceolate-linear , serrulate-scabrous ; spikelets large, sub cylindrical , acuminate, brown,
3—ft-nale in a corymbiform, involucrate, terminal panicle.

64. D. karatifolia, Rich. — Rudge, Guian. t. 24. — Leaves 2-3' long, l'-l-l" broad ;
involucre large ; spikelets 1” long ; style 2-fid, slender. — Hab. Trinidad !, Pd.., in woods;
[Guiana !, Brazil !].

9. CLADIUM, P. Br.

Spikelets few-1 -flowered. Glumes devoid of included scales and bristles, lower empty.
Style deciduous. Achenium corky, naked.— Erect perennials ; sheaths closed beloio ; spike-
lets usually clustered.

65. C. occidentale, Schrad. Stout ; stem obtusely 3-gonal, half terete at the summit,
glabrous, leafy ; leaves long, liuear-aeuminate, concave, serrulate-scabrous ; spikelets dark-
brown, ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, 3-5 -note : clusters in an interrupted panicle ; stamens
2 ; style 3(-4)-fid ; achenium ellipsoidal, with a bluntish point. — Schcenus Cladium, Sw. —
8'-10' high ; spikelets If" long, shining. — Hab. Bahamas!; Jamaica!, Pd., in maritime
bogs ; [Cuba ! to Brazil].

10. MACIliERINA, V.

Spikelets few-flowered, compound : lowest special glume empty. Glumes devoid of in-
cluded scales, provided with bristles below the flower. Stamens 3. Style 3-fid. Achenium
3-goual, smooth, crowned with a conical beak. — An erect perennial; stem compressed ;
leaves equitant, distichous, flat, devoid of asperities, except along the edges of the superior
sheaths: lowest sheaths open, superior closed below ; spikelets brown, in a racemiforni
panicle.

66. M. restoides, V. Schcenus, Sw. — 3 '-5' high ; leaves rigid, 6"'-8"' broad, lower
2'-3' long, superior distant, rapidly decrescent ; spikelets 2"' long : peduncles cymose, vari-
able in length. — Hab. Montserrat, Dominica !, Imr., S. Vincent !, Guild., on the top of the
mountains: [Cuba! to French islands !].

11. RHYNCIIOSPORA, V.

Spikelets terete, or biconvex, few-flowered : lower glumes empty, uppermost usually with
imperfect, or <? flowers. Flowers usually supported hy bristles/ Style 2-fid— 2-partite, or
minutely 2-dcntate. Achenium biconvex, crowned with a beak (the dilated base of the
style). — Leafy, erect, mostly perennial sedges.

Sect. 1. Euuhvnchospora. — Flowers supported by bristles. Style 2-fid. Achenium
separated from the beak by a broad, transverse joint.

67- R- cephalotes, P. Stem stout, simple, 3-angular ; leaves long, flat, scabrous at
the margin; spikelets pale-brown, lanceolate, in a dense, ovoid, terminal head: involucre
long, deflexed ; glumes ovate, mucronate ; achenium obovate, transversely wrinkled, shorter
than “ the conical-sulmlatc beak, exceeded by the bristles.” — Rottb, Baser, t. 20.— Schcenus,

2 r 2

574

CYPERACE,®.

Rottb. — Several feet high, glaucous, glabrous; leaves 4'" broad; head 1" (-3") long, rarely
compound. — Hab. Trinidad!, Cr. ,- [Panama!, Guiana!, Brazil],

68. R. comata, Lk., Schlecht. Covered with short dovm, (or glabrescent) ; stem
3-augnlar ; leaves long, fiat ; spi/celets pale-brown, glabrous, ovate-conical, pedicellate in
axillary, peduncled and terminal compound racemes or corymbs .- bracts setaceous ; glumes
elliptical, awned-mucronate ; achenium obovate, margined, smooth, brown-rusty, shorter
than the conical-subulate, greenish beak, exceeded by the upwards scabrous bristles. — R.
.bromoides, Kth. R. sylvatica, Ns.- — 2'-4' high, glaucous ; leaves numerous, 3,"-5"' broad ;
spikelcts 3'" long, somewhat shining. — H ab. Trinidad 1, Cr., Lockh., on roadsides ; [Panama !,
Guiana, Brazil].

69. R. gracilis, V. Stem slender, obtusely 3-gonal; leaves narrow, flat, glabrous ;
spikelcts brown, ellipsoidal-conical, glomerate in axillary, peduncled, and terminal small
cymes : bracts linear-setaceous ; glumes ovate, or ovate-lanceolate, lower small ; achenium
elliptical-roundish, transversely wrinkled, pale-brown, longer than the short, conical, green-
ish beak, usually little shorter than the upwards scabrous bristles. — Schoenus, Sw. {sec.
V.). R.glauca, V., Kth. E. filiformis, Sieb. Mart. 383 ! — Habit of R. fusca, bnt higher,
2'-4' high ; leaves 1'" broad; spikelets 2"' long.— Hab. Jamaica!, Pd., At., Kits., M‘Nab,
in mountain-bogs; [Haiti ! and Mexico to Brazil!].

Sect. 2. IIapbosttlis, Ns. — Floioers supported by bristles. Style minutely 2-dentate
at the filiform summit, or sub entire.

* Spikelets in a single, terminal head.

70. R, barbata, Kth. Stem slender, simple, angular; leaves narrow, keeled, pilose
beneath and along the margin ; spikelets pale-rusty, ovate-lauceolate, in a globose, terminal
head : involucre exceeding it ; leaflets herbaceous, acuminate, ciliatc ; glumes obloug-lanceo-
late ; achenium brown, smooth, elliptical, cymbiform by inflexed, marginal, pale wings :
wings passing upwards into the flattish, membranaceous, subtruncate beak, which is as broad
as the acheuium : bristles much longer than the achenium, pilose at the base. — Schoenus, V.
Haplostylis, Ns. — S"— 12" high ; leaves V'-fi"1 broad ; head 4'H— 5,H diam. — Hab. Trinidad !,
Cr., in savannahs; [Panama!, Guiana!, Brazil],

71. R. globes a, R. S. Stem rigid, simple, angular ; leaves involute-filiform, rigid;

spikelets pale-rusty, ovate-lanceolate, in a hemispherical, terminal head: involucre exceeded
by it : leaflets coriaceous, roundish, mucronate, or awned, rusty ; lower glumes ovate, su-
perior oblong-laueeolatc ; “achenium rusty, smooth, obovate: beak short, pale, conical : ”
bristles long, pilose to the summit.- — Presl, Re/iq. Hank. 1. t. 36. — Cephaloschcenus, Ns.—
2'-4' high, naked above the base ; head diam.- — Hab. Trinidad !, Lockh., in moist

savannahs ; [Mexico to Brazil !].

72. R. curvula, Gr. (n. sp.). Stem rigid, filiform, low, simple; leaves all ercspitose,
short, incurved, rigid, ehanuelled-3-quetrous, linear-acuminate, bluntish at the top ; spikelets
pale-greenish, linear-acuminate, spreading, 5-8 in a single, terminal cluster : involucre
obsolete, of minute scales ; lower glumes and involucre scales ovate, bluntish, superior glumes
lanceolate-linear; achenium (young) lanceolate-oblong, subtruncate: beak very short, conical,
jointed at the base, narrower than the achenium : bristles long, unequal, densely pilose to
the summit. — Allied to the preceding, but stems only 5 "-6" high, several from the same
dense tuft of leaves; leaves 1^"— 1" long, nearly devoid of sheaths; spikelets 3"' long, acu-
minate.— IIab. Trinidad !, Lockh., in woods.

** Spikelcts in umbellate, or fascicled, globose heads ; achenium jointed with the beak.

73. R cyperoides, Mart. Stem slender, 3-gonal; leaves linear; heads globose,
rusty-brown, unequally umbellate, the central sessile ; spikelets ovate, acumiuate; lower
glumes ovate, superior ovate-lanceolate ; achenium rusty, obovate, smooth, jointed with the
bea/c : beak pale, subulate-linear, much narrower than and about as long as the achenium,
which is exceeded by the scabrous bristles. — Mart. Ft. Bras. 3. t. 12. — Schoenus, Sw. ! S.
polyccphalus, Fers. (Rhynebospora, Wydl., Ephippiorhynchium, Ns.) S. triceps, V. R.
aurea, Sieb. Mart. 8. Ephipphiorhynchimn tenuirostre, Ns.!, a form with few heads. —
l'-2' high; heads 4,,,-G,,, diam. — Hab. Jamaica 1, Sw., Pd., Wullschl. ; Trinidad !, Lockh.,
Cr. ; [French islands ! and Mexico to Brazil !].

CYPEEAOE/E.

575

*** Spikelets clustered , or fascicled, in a corymb or corymbose panicle ;
beak emurginate at the jointed base.

74. R. stenorhyncha, Gr. {n. sp.) Stout; stem 3-gonal ; leaves linear, scabrous at

the margiu aud keel : spikelets rusty-brown, lanceolate-aeumiuate, clustered : clusters in
large, erect, compound (or simple) corymbs, usually exceeded by the involucre ; lower glumes
ovate, mucronate, superior oblong-lanceolate, acuminate; acheniuni rusty, elliptical-oblong ,
or spathu/at e-oblong , bluntish, transversely wrinkled : beak pale, filiform, tapering, abruptly
dilated at its clasping-emarginate base, little longer than the achenium, which is exceeded by
the scabrous bristles. — Habit of Cyperus longus, and distinguished from Calyptroslylis
fascicularis, Ns., by the ripe achenium not “ obconieal,” and deeply wrinkled. 3 '-4' high;
corymb slender, usually 4-8", spikelets long : 3-5 in each cluster ; hermaphrodite

flowers single, superior $ ; stamens 3 ; style exserted, minutely 2-deutate; achenium ljs'",
beak 2'" long.- — Hab. Trinidad !, Pd., in wet savannahs.

75. R. surinamensis, Ns. Stout; stem sharply 3-gonal; leaves long, broadly-
linear, scabrous at the margiu and keel ; spikelets rusty-brown, elliptical-lanceolate, acumi-
nate, clustered : clusters in diverging, corymbiform panicles, exceeded by the supporting
leaf ; lower glumes ovate, superior ovate-lanceolate ; achenium rusty, obovate, transversely
1-2-grooved near the margin, as broad as the emarginate base of the beak : beatc brownish,
conical, nearly as long or longer than the achenium, with a longitudinal furrow at each
side: bristles scabrous, longer than the achenium. — Rottb. Baser . t. 21. f. 1. — Schcenus,
Roltb., Sto. E. aurea, V., R. Br. — 2 '-4' high ; leaves 6",-8"' broad : spikelets 2m, ache -
niurn (without the beak), V" long. — Hab. Jamaica (Sto.) ; Trinidad!, Gr.; [French islands!;
Panama!, Guiana! ; tropical Asia ( Sw .) and Australia (R. Br.)].

76. R. florida, Bictr. Stout; stem angular; leaves linear; spikelets rusty-brown,
lanceolate-acuminate, shortly racemose-fascicled, in diverging, simple or compound corymbs,
usually nearly as long as the supporting leaf ; lowest glume ovate, most lanceolate ; achenium
shining-ochraceous, obovate, obtusely margined , smooth, little broader than the subtruncate
base of the beak : beak brownish, compressed-conical, nearly as long or longer than the
achenium, devoid of longitudinal furrows : bristles scabrous, longer than the achenium. —
Mart. FI. Bras. 3. t. 13. — Calyptrostylis, Ns. Schcenus longirostris, Sieb. Mart. 261.
(E. aurea, var. Sch/echt.) — 2'-6' high ; leaves variable in breadth and asperities, 6,,,-2,,,
broad; spikelets 4'", achenium (without the beak) 1"' long. — Hab. Jamaica!, Pd., March,
on the summit of the Blue Mountains ; Dominica !, Imr. ; Trinidad !, Cr. ,- [Cuba! to Vene-
zuela ! and Guiana].

Sect. 3. Nomociiloa, P. B. (Pleurostachys, Brongn.). — Flowers supported by denticulate

bristles. Style 2-partite ; base thickened. Achenium contiguous with its short beak. —

Spikelets in terminal, and axillary, peduncled corymbs or panicles.

77- R. millegrana, Schrad. Stout; stem 3-quetrous, usually devoid of asperities
(except the peduncles) ; leaves long, lanceolate-acuminate, puberulous, or glabrate; panicles
short , deltoid: branches compound, inferior gradually more distaut ; spikelets small, pale*
brown , elliptical, blunt, shortly spicate ; glumes ovate; achenium rusty, ovate-roundish,
smooth, as long as the few (3-4) bristles : beak shortly compressed-conical. — Nemochloa,
Ns. — 4' high : leaves 10"'-8"' broad; panicles long-peduncled, 3", spikelets 1"' long. — Hab.
Trinidad!. Cr. ; [Brazil],

Sect. 4. Miteospora, Ns. — Bristles below the Jloioer none (or "abortive”). Style mi-
nutely 2- dentate at the filiform summit.

78. R. polyphylla, V. Stout, or slender; stem 3-gonal, leafy ; leaves linear; pani-
cles axillary, and terminal, diverging, short, deltoid; spikelets straw-coloured, or pale-brown,
lanceolate-acuminate, several-flowered, in short spiciform racemes; lower glumes ovate,
superior lanceolate ; achenium rusty-brown, ovate-roundish, longitudinally striate, and
minutely tubercled, as broad at the truncate summit as the beak and jointed with it: beak
compressed-conical, greei ish, one-third as long as the achenium : no bristles. — Schcenus, V.
Mitrospora, Ns. E. ferruginea, Sieb. Marl. <J !-2'-4' high; leaves 2'"-4"' broad ; panicles
numerous, 3"-4", spikelets 2'" long. — Hab. Jamaica!, all coll., in the mountains; Mont-
serrat, Dominica!, Imr. ; [Cuba! to Venezuela 1 and Peru].

CYPERA.CE2E.

57(5

Sect. 5. Dichromena, V. — No bristles below the flower. Style 2-fid.

* Spi/celels fascicled, or corymbose ; glumes convex, rarely heeled.

79. R. spermodon, Gr. Stem slender, filiform ; leaves setaceous ; spikelels pale, or
pale-brown, lanceolate-acuminate , in terminal and axillary fascicles, exceeded by the sup-
porting leaf ; lower glumes elliptical, awned-mueronate, superior lanceolate; achenium
greenisb-brown, roundish, transversely wrinkled-undulate, 2-dentate-emarginaie, much
longer and broader than the short, compressed-conical, blunt, blackish beak. — Rotlb.
Baser, t. 21./. 2; Mart. FI. Bras. 3. t. 8./. 1. — Schcenus setaceus, Rotlb. (Spermodon,

, P. B., Dichromena, Kth.) — Root fibrous, at length stoloniferous ; stems 6"-12" high ;
spikelets 2m-3'" long, geminately clustered, or single, often few in the shortly peduncled
fascicle. — Hab. Jamaica, Wullschl., in dry pastures: [Guiana!, Brazil].

80. K. filiformis, V. {sec. Kth). Stem slender, rigid, filiform ; leaves setaceous ; spike-
lets brown, or pale-brown, lanceolate-linear, acuminate, in simple, terminal, and a few axil-
lary corymbs; lower glumes elliptical-oblong, awned-mucrenate, superior lanceolate-linear ;
achenium brown, roundish, slightly scabrous-dotted, truncate, obsoletely 2-dentate, supported
by a cuneate disk, much longer and broader than the short, compressed-conical, blunt,
blackish beak.— Dichromena," Kth. Spermodon, Ns. I— 8"— 15" high; spikelets 5"'-6'"
long. — Hab. Trinidad !, Lockh., in sandy savannahs ; [Brazil !].

81. R. cubensis, Gr. Stem filiform, flaccid ; leaves setaceous, channelled ; spikelets
pale, or pale-brown, lanceolate-acuminate, in simple, terminal, and a few axillary corymbs ;
lower glumes ovate, superior lanceolate ; achenium roundish, obsoletely wrinkled trans-
versely, supported by a minute disk, much longer than and as broad at the summit as the
short beak ; beak greenish, compressed-conical, bluntish, emarginate at the base, shortly
decurrent. — Dichromena, Poepp. : but the achenium is pale in our form. — Nearly allied to
(and perhaps a form of) Holoschcenus capillaris , Ns.!, ( Dichromena , Kth.), in which the
achenium is deeply wrinkled transversely. P— IV high; spikelets 2'" long. Hab. Domi-
nica !, Imr. ; [Cuba !, Lind. 2069].

82. R. micrantha, V., Prl. Annual; stem flaccid, filiform; leaves linear, flat;
spikelets pale, or pale-brown, ovate-roundish , in terminal and a few axillary, divaricate
corymbs : pedicels filiform ; glumes few, ovate-lanceolate, bluntish ; achenium pale, or
brown, roundish, transversely wrinkled, margined, thrice as long and broader than the
short beak : beak greenish, compressed-conical, pointed, shortly decurrent.— Dichromena,
Kth. R. sparsa , Sieb. Mart. 259! (Haloschcenus, Ns. 4"-S"(-12") high ; leaves 1
broad; spikelets scarcely 1"' diam.— Hab. Jamaica!, Pd., aloug ditches; Antigua!, Wullschl.,
Dominica !, Imr., S. Vincent !, Guild. ; [Portorico ! and Mexico to Venezuela ! and Guiana].

83. R. hirsuta, V. Pilose; stem sleuder, filiform ; leaves narrowly linear, flallish,
or convolute; spikelets rusty-brown, ovate-lanceolate, several-flowered, clustered in ter-
minal, and a few axillary, spreading corymbs ; glumes ovate, or ovate-oblong, pointed ;
achenium pale, subglobose, densely reticulated-scrobiculate, broader than the short beak :
beak brownish, compressed-conical, pointed, truncate at the not decurrent base.— Dichro-
mena, Kth.— 6"-10" high ; leaves V" broad ; corymbs 1" diam.; spikelets U "-2"' long.
-—I-Iab. Trinidad !, Cr., in savannahs.

** Spikelets in a terminal, exinvolucrate cluster ; glumes keeled.

84. R. pusilla, Gr. Low, crespitose ; leaves incurved, flatfish, or convolute, ciliate,
about as long as the filiform stem; cluster terminal, of a few, white, alternating, oblong-
lauceolate spikelets : lateral ones as long as their bract ; glumes ovate-lanceolate ; achenium
roundish, slightly wrinkled transversely, obtusely margined : beak brown, short, depressed-
conical, bluntish, truncate at the base and as broad as the summit of the achenium.

Jc. Ind. Occ. t. 6.— Schncnus, Sw. : style wrongly described by Swartz as being 3-fid.
Dichromena, Kth. — V-3" high; spikelets approximate, 1"' long; achenium yellow or
black— Hab. Jamaica !, Wils., M'Nab, Wullschl., on wooded, rocky lulls ; [Cuba !,

Guadeloupe !].

*** Spikelels in a terminal head, included within the often coloured base of
the long involucre ; glumes keeled.

85. R. stellata, Gr. Wholly glabrous; lhizoma creeping; stem angular; cluster

CYPERACE.E.

577

hemispherical: involucre not dilate at the subulate, white base, 5-7 (-3) -leaved ; spikelets
white , ovate-obloug, bluntish ; achenium obovate-roundish, truncate, obtusely margined,
delicately wrinkled transversely, twice as long and as broad as the compressed-conical,
pointed beak.— SI. t. 78./. 1.— Schcenus, Lam. Dichromena leucoeephala, Mich. 1 -la
high; spikelets 2w-3,n long; achenium pale-brown, (dark-brown, when young): beak
greenish-brown, (pale, when young).-— Hab. Jamaica!, Walls chi. ; [United States!; Cuba!
to French islands !].

86. R. pura, Or. Rhizoma creeping ; stem glabrous ; cluster ovate: involucre ciliate
at the base, loug, 6-5-leaved ; & pikelets white, oblong-lanceolate; acuminate ; achenium
obovate-roundish, margined, transversely wrinkled, 3—4 times as long and nearly as broad
as the compressed-conical, pointed beak. — Dichromena, Ns. — &"—\2" high; involucre
whitish at the base chiefly within ; spikelets S'" long ; achenium yellowish : beak rusty-
brown. — Hab. Antigua!, Wullsclil., S. Vincent; [Venezuela!, Guiana],

87. R. V aliliana, Gr. Pilose with short down, (or stem glabrate) ; rhizoma “ creep-
ing ;” cluster ovate-roundish, spreading: involucre ciliate at the base, 7-5 -leaved; spikelets
rufescent, ovate-lanceolate, pointed ; achenium obovate-roundish, obtusely margined, trans-
versely wrinkled, twice as long and nearly as broad as the compressed-conical, pointed beak.
— Dichromena ciliata, V. — l'-2' high, slender ; involucre of the preceding ; spikelets 3"'
long; achenium rusty -variegated : beak blackish. — Hab. Jamaica !, Al., Wile., common;
Trinidad!, Cr. ; [Southern United States to Brazil!].

88. R. Humboldtiana, Gr. Rhizoma fibrous ; stem glabrous ; cluster roundish,
spreading : involucre ciliate at the base, 3-5-leaved, nearly green ; spikelets white with
reddish lines, ovate-oblong, bluntish ; achenium margined, coarsely wrinkled, as broad as
the depressed, rounded beak. — Diclnomena, Ns. D. pubera, V. — i'-2' high ; spikelets
2'" long ; achenium rusty- greenish •. flattish beak blackish. — Hab. Trinidad !, Sieb. Tr. 3 ;
[Mexico ! to Brazil! ; Galapagos !].

89. R. Persooniana, Gr. Rhizoma “creeping;” stem glabrous; cluster roundish,
spreading : involucre ciliate, 5—6-leaved; spikelets rufescent, ovate-lanceolate, pointed;
achenium obovate-roundish, obtusely margined, delicately wrinkled transversely, 4 times
as long and nearly as broad as the compressed-conical, blunt beak. — Dichromena, Ns.
Schcenus ciliatus, Meg. Esseq. ! — 1'-2' high ; involucre little coloured at the base ; spikelets
2"'-3'" long ; achenium yellowish, with approximate darker, flexuose streaks : beak blackish.
— Hab. Jamaica!, Wils. ; [Cuba! and Mexico to Guiana!].

90. R. setigera, Gr. Glabrous ; rhizoma fascicled, filamentose at the summit ; stem
subcylindrical, rigid ; leaves convolute, rigid ; cluster dense, globose, emerging from the re-
curved, 3- leaved , not ciliate involucre ; spikelets white, shortly oblongr lanceolate, acumi-
nate, few-flowered ; “ achenium obovate-roundish, transversely wrinkled, twice as long and
as broad as the compressed-conical, bluntish beak.” — Dichromena, Kill. ! — high
spikelets 1/" long. — Hab. Trinidad !, Lockh. ; [Brazil to Uruguay I].

Tiube III. SCLERINExE. — Flowers unisexual, imbricated. Achenium often bony,

supported by a disk.

12. SCLERIA, Berg.

Spikelets $ and ? usually mixed, or androgynous, ? 1 (-2) -flowered : lower glumes empty.
Style 3 -fid. Achenium bony, supported by a hardened disk. — Perennials; stem 3 -angular,
leaved ; upper glumes in ? approximate around the disk, the latter usually Z-lobed.

Sect. 1. Eusceeria. — Disk cupular, usually at length double with opposite lobes — Leaves

ligulate : ligule opposite to the blade. Spikelets paniculate, monoecious, (or partly andro-
gynous) : uppermost $ .

* Panicle narrow, or virgale ; disk Z-lobed with the lobes entire, or truncate.

91. S. pratensis , Lindt. Leaves broadly linear : sheaths and branches of the narrow
panicle narrowly Z-winged: ligule herbaceous, ovate-oblong, bluntish; $ glumes l-audrous ;
achenium depressed-globose, smooth, enamel- like-shining, with a papilliform point : disk
broadly Z-lobed, interior adhering, exterior tardily separated. — Marl. El. Bras. 3. t. 23. — S.

578

CYPERACE7E.

communis, Kth. — 2'-4'high; leaves 6"'-4'" bread ; achenium 1"' diam., white (or black).
— Hab. Jamaica!, Al. ; Antigua!, Wullschl. ; Trinidad!, Cr. ; [Cuba ! to Brazil !].

92. S. melaleuca, Reichenb. Leaves linear : sheaths and branches of the narrow
panicle narrowly 3-winged : ligule herbaceous, ovate-deltoid, blunlish ; <? glumes 1-audrous;
achenium ovoid-globose , or globose, smooth, shining, mucronale with the truncate style-huso :
disk broadly 3-lobed, interior adhering, exterior tardily separated. — 3'~1' high ; leaves
3'"-4"' broad; achenium Ik'"-!"1 long, black, or white below a black summit. — Hab.
Jamaica !, Mac f. ; Trinidad !, Lockh., Cr. ; [Panama !, Guiana !, Brazil !].

93. S. microcarpa, Ns. Leaves linear-acuminate, or lanceolate-linear: sheaths nar-
rowly 3-winged , with the wings tapering iuto keels below : ligule herbaceous, rigid, ovate,
or ovate-lanceolate, blunt ; panicle narrow : branches 3-quetrous ; <J glumes 3-androus, su-
perior 5? shorter than the achenium ; achenium ovate-globose, smooth, shining, mucronale
with the truncate style-base: exterior disk truncate, entire, exceeding the interior 3-lobed
one: the former tardily separated. — Ophryoscleria, Ns. — 2-4' high ; leaves 4 "'-8'" broad ;
achenium If" long, white (or black).— IJab. Jamaica!, AL, Pd.; Antigua!, Nichols.;
[Cuba! and Mexico to Brazil!].

94. S. mitis, Sw. Leaves lanceolate-liuear, nearly devoid of asperities : sheaths 3-
winyed, with the wings tapering downwards : ligule herbaceous, rigid, bluntly deltoid ; pa-
nicle long, virgate : branches 3-gonal; $ glumes 3-androus ; achenium globose, smooth,
shining, with a minute , papilliform point : disk entire, truncate, ciliale, adhering, not se-
parated from the interior, included 2>-lobed one. — Ophryoscleria, Ns. — High, “trailing;”
leaves G'"-8'" broad ; achenium If 11 diam., white. — IIab. Jamaica !, Al. ; Dominica !, Imr. ;
[French islands 1 to Brazil].

** Panicle short, spreading.

95. S. scindens, Ns. Stout; leaves long, linear : sheaths not winged, 3-keeled, with
the keels very sharply retrorsely serrulate-scabrous: ligule herbaceous, marcescent, rounded;
panicle short, spreading: branches 3-quetrous; $ glumes 3-androus; achenium globose,
smooth, enamel-like-shining, with a papilliform point : interior disk 3-lobed, inserted into a
short carpophore, recurved at the margin of the lobes, exterior repand. — A “ formidable
sedge, cuttiug the skin like a knife ” {Imr.) ; leaves 4"'-5'" broad ; achenium If" diam.,
white (or bluish -black). — Hab. Dominica !, Imr., in woods ; [Cuba!, French islands].

96. S. latifolia, Sw. ! Stout ; leaves oblong -lanceolate, or lanceolate : sheaths 3-

winged, with the wings tapering towards the node : ligule herbaceous, bluntly deltoid ;
panicle short, dense, spreading: branches 3-quetrous, scabrous ; <? glumes 3 (-2)-androus ;
achenium globose, smooth, enamel-like-shining, with a terminal scar : interior disk inciso-
dentate and 3-lobed, exceeding the exterior, the latter patellar, repand-entire.— 2'-6'
high ; achenium diam., white, bluish-variegated, or black.

a. Leaves lanceolate, 1"-H" broad ; panicle pale ; achenium rounded above. — S. arun-
dinacea, Kth. {sec. Ns.) Schizolepis latifolia, Ns.

13. trigonocarpa. Leaves oblong-lanceolate, H"-2£" broad; panicle-branches green:
spikelcts purplish-brown; achenium with a very blunt summit and 3 (scarcely visible)
angles above. — Mart. FI. Bras. 3. i. 26.— Schizolepis trigonocarpa, Ns.

y. sylvdStris, Kth. Leaves l"-2" broad ; panicle-branches and spikelets purple ; ache-
nium with a blunt summit, devoid of angles. — Schizolepis sylvestris. Ns. Scleria evano-

carpa, Kth. . . .

IIab. Jnmaica!, Sw. (a), in dry mountain-woods of the Western districts ; Dominical,
Imr. (0, y), S. Vincent 1, Guild, (y) ; Trinidad 1, Lockh., Pd. {0, y), in woods and savan-
nahs; [French islands ; Venezuela!, Guiana!, Brazil.].

97. S. flagellum, Berg., Sw. {non Kth.) High, trailing ; leaves liuear-acumiuatc :
sheaths not winged, '3-gonal, retrorsely scabrous : ligate scarious-membranaceous, blunt ;
panicles terminal, and axillary, short, lax : branches 3-quetrous, hairy ; S glumes 3-aiulrous,
superior ? including the achenium ; achenium globose, or ovate-globose, smooth, shining,
with a terminal scar : disk short, subentire, exterior adhering, recurved at the tumid mar-
gin, including the interior : the latter minute, entire. — SI. t. 77./. 1. Sw. Ft. t. 3.— S. re-
tlex’a, Kth. (Mastigoscleria, Ns.). Carex lithosperma, L. (Scirpus, L., ex syn. Sf.). Schamas
secans L. — 10'-15' high, cutting ; leaves 2','-3'" broad ; spikelcts purplish-brown; ache-

CYPERACEyE.

579

niuin 1'" dimn., white (or variegated).— Hab. Jamaica I, Sw., Pd., in woods; Trinidad!,
Pd. ; Haiti to Brazil !]. ,

98 S. bracteata, Cav. Leaves linear: sheaths not winged , i-gonal, devoid 0^ as-
perities, but mostly pubescent : ligule herbaceous, bluntly deltoid ; panicles terminal £ ,
short, lax, axillary ones narrow, superior mixed of <? and ? , inferior ? ; S ghjmes 3-aiu ious ,
achenium globose, transversely rugose and hairy, mucronate with the style-base .disk at
length double, exterior and interior broadly 3-lobed, the latter tardily separated. Mai l. 1.
Bras 3 t 24 • the interior disk still included and subentire. — Macrolomia, Ns. Leaves

. L. . LHC luicuui uioiY omu “ _ ' _ f . , .

broad ; achenium white, 1"' diam. or less. — Hab. Trinidad ., I d. ; [Cuba . and

Mexico ! to Brazil 1 and Peru 1] .

Sect. 2. Hypoporum, Ns. — Bisk minute, entire, pat elli form. Stem slender ; ligule shoit,
or none ; spikelets in spieate clusters, <? , $ , or androgynous mixed.

99 S hirtella, Sw. Leaves pilose, narrowly linear, superior short ; spike simple :
clusters 8-5, distant, hirsute : bracts short ; S glumes 2-androus ; achenium globose,
smooth, slightly mucronate, 3-gonal-3-furrowed at the base : furrows A-S-porous along the
upper margin disk flat, 3-gonal.— Hypoporum, Ns. S. distans, Pair., Kth.—\ -3 high ;
spikelets 2'" long; achenium f" diam., white— Hab. Jamaica (Sw.) ; Trmidad [ Lock h.,
Pd., Or., common in moist savannahs ; [Florida ! and Mexico ! to Peru ! and Brazil].

100 S. filiformis, Sw. Leaves narrowly linear, keeled, glabrous : ligule bluntly
deltoid ; spikes terminal (and axillary, peduncled) -. clusters few, distant, glabrous : common
bract long-setaceous ; & glumes 1-audrous ; achenium globose, smooth, slightly mucronate,
3-furrowed at the base : furrows devoid of special pores : disk obtusely 3-gonal, brown at
the tumid margin.— S. purpurea, Poir., Sieb. Tr. 14 ! Hypoporum purpurasceus, TV*.—
l'-2' high, usually flaccid; spikelets 3'" long; achenium 1"' diam., white.— Hab. Jamaica!,
Pd., M'Nab, Wullschl., in arid mountains, Manchester, Westmoreland; Antigua!, Wullschl.,
Dominica!, Imr. ; Trinidad!, Sieb., Or.; [Cuba!, Haiti].

13. BECQ.UERELIA, Brongn.

Character of Scleria, but audrogynous-spikelets compound at the base, the lowest glumes
producing special $ spikelets, the middle empty, and the superior ones approximate around
the single $ flower. Disk adnate to the achenium, simple, entire.— Leaves devoid of a
ligule, ^lowest long, rosulate ; spikelets clustered: clusters in terminal and axillary corymbs
or spikes ; $ glumes 1 -androus.

101. B. cymosa, Brongn. Leaves broadly linear, keeled ; clusters in compound, di-
verging corymbs : axillary corymbs exceeded by their leaves ; glumes subulate, uppermost
exceeding the tubercled, mucronate, depressed-globose achenium. — Mart. FI. Bras. 3. t. 27.
— B. Merkeliana, Ns. — 2'-4' high; leaves 8"'-4'" broad; spikelets 2"' long; achenium
white.— Hab. Trinidad!, Or., in savannahs; [Guiana!, Brazil].

14. PTEROSCLERIA, Ns.

Spikelets androgynous, compound : partial inferior few, $ , superior 1 -flowered, ? . Glumes
sharply keeled on the back, larger ones recurved-mucronate, lower in ? empty, 2 uppermost
including the flower. Style 3-fid. Achenium bony, seceding from the repand disk. — Leaves
devoid of a ligule; spikelets clustered, in single terminal, and axillary heads.

Nces’ generic character (as well as his description of the habit) corresponds exactly with
our species : only what lie calls geminate spikelets, is to be interpreted as the production of
partial spikelets from the axils of glumes, as is evident from the structure of our plant, and
from the homologous organs in the allied genera Becquerelia and Calyptrocarya. 1 mn,
however, not acquainted with the original P. guianensis, Ns. (comprising probably Scleria
capita la, W.), which would be distinguished by short leaves, the reduced number of spike-
lets and glumes, and by a smooth achenium.

102. P. longifolia. Or. ( n . sp .). Stem erect, 3-quetrous ; leaves long, linear, flat,
acuminate ; heads dense, subglobose, axillary distant, shortly peduncled, or subsessile ; 9
partial spikelets numerous ; achenium white, globose, slightly 3-kecled, and longitudinally

580

CYPEltACEffi.

costate with convex, distantly reticulated wrinkles. — lthizoma fibrous, stoloniferous ; stem
glabrous, 1-4" high, exceeded by the leaves; leaves 1V-5" long, about 2"' broad, striate,
keeled, glabrous, erect; heads greenish, 6"' diam., often hemispherical: involucre foliaceous,
3"'-leavcd, unequal, spreading ; spikclets 3'" long ; glumes oblong-lanceolate, cymbiform
with the winged keel exeurreut into the spreading-recurved point : several and those of the
partial 3 spikelets membranaceous, narrow, not keeled ; uppermost $ convolute around the
ovary. — Hab. Trinidad \, Lockh. ; [Guiana 1, in wet savannahs and woods: Kegel, 1110,
1117 : Isolepis echinulata?].

15. CALYPTROCARYA, Ns.

Spikelets androgynous, compound ; partial inferior $ , superior 1-fiowered, ? . Lower
glumes empty, superior in 9 approximate around the flower and supporting besides 3 abor-
tive partial spikelets, which are inserted below the disk. Style 2-fid. Achenium chartaceous,
with the scabrous epidermis seceding : disk flattish, 3-gonal. — Spikelets suhglobose, most
in axillary, unequal, and proliferous umbels.

103. C. angustifolia, Ns. Leaves narrowly linear, exceeding the stem ; umbels sub-
sessile : pedicels flexuose ; achenium ovoid-globose, bluntly mucronate. — Stem glabrous ;
leaves 1"' broad ; achenium V" diam., at length white : the seceding epidermis pale-browu.
— Hab. Trinidad!, Loclch., Cr., in woods; [Guiana, Equat. Brazil] .

16. LAGENOCARPUS, Ns.

Spikelets monoecious, ^compound, 9 1-flowered : lower glumes empty. Style 3(2-3)-fid.
Achenium coriaceous, devoid of a hardened disk, produced above its cavity into a corky,
conical summit. — Perennials ; stem few-leaved, rigid ; most leaves rosulate ; spikelets pani-
culate ; upper glumes in 2 approximate around the ‘2>-'b-lobed, disappearing disk, 3 1-
androus.

104. Ij. tremulus, Ns. Leaves rigid, linear, channelled; spikelets of both sexes
mixed, or 2 superior, clustered, or unequally fascicled along the half-whorled peduncles :
half-whorls distant on the common axis ; glumes brown, common ones awued, or mucro-
nate; achenium brown, smooth, 3-striate below the middle, ellipsoidal -oblong : zipper part
hollow, as long as the fertile cavity, separated from it by a diaphragma : apex minutely
truncate: 3-fid style deciduous. — 2'-4' high ; leaves 3"'-4'" broad ; panicle narrow; spike-
lets H'"-2'" long. — PIab. Trinidad !, Cr. ; [Guiana!].

Tribe IV. CAR I Cl NINE. — Flowers unisexual, imbricated. Achenium included
within a tubular palea (the perigynium) .

17. CAREX, L.

Perigynium 2-keeled, contracted at the summit, persistent around the achenium, none in
the 3 flowers.

§ Spikelets androgynous , 3 above. Style 2>-c!eft.

105. C. scabrella, Wahl. Csespitose, flaccid, glaucous ; spikelets few, ovoid, lateral
much exceeded by the foliaceous bract., uppermost 1-2, second sessile, iuferior distant, pe-
duncled ; glumes lax, brown with a green midrib, subulate; perigynium ellipsoidal, pointed
with a short, 2-dentatc beak, many-nerved, scabrous-pubescent, greenish, half ns long again
as the glume. — Wahlenberg’s incomplete description docs not agree in the leaves said to he
“ very narrow.”— Less than 1' high, exceeded by the flattish, 1"' broad leaves ; spikelets
about 3"' long.— Hab. Jamaica!, in mountains {Sw.) ; [Cuba !].

10G. C. cladostachya, Wahl. Slender; spikclets in distant, peduncled spikes: bracts
foliaceous; glumes lax, rusty, ovate, mucronate ; “ perigynium cuucnte-oblong, with a 2-
denticulate beak, many-nerved, glabrous.”— My specimen (1' high, flaccid, leaves scarcely
]/" broad), being very ’ young, is doubtful. “ Spikes of 7-17 spikelets.”— Hab. Jamaica !,
in the Blue Mountains : Al. ( Sw .).

C. polystachya, Wahl., is said to he distinguished from C. cladostachya by numerous,
approximate spikclets and an erect stem : it was found in the same locality.

LILIACEiE.

581

18. UNCINIA, Pers.

Character of Carer, hut with an awn-like pedicel between the perigynium and the pistil.
— Spikes simple, androgynous : ? flowers inferior ; style 'i-Jid.

107. U. jamaicensis, Pers. Stem glabrous, about as long as the ceespitose, flat
leaves ; spike long-cylindrical, layering at both ends ; glumes elliptical, bluntish ; pen-
ny ninm spathulate-lanceolate, flat-convex, puberulous and dilate above, half as long as the
o/abrous, hamate, long-exserted awn— Carex hamata, Sw. — 1-2 high; spike 3 5 long,

pale-green, or brown-variegated. — IIab. Jamaica !, Pd., in high mountains ; [Mexico, 1 a-
nama !, Venezuela !, Ecuador !].

CXXXVII. JUNCE2E.

Flowers apetalous. Calyx glumaceous : divisions 6. Stamens 6-3, perigynous. Ovary
compound, 3-1-celled: stigmas 3, with collecting hairs. Capsule many-3-seeded. Embryo
minute, in the summit of amylaceous albumen. — Habit ot grasses, but flowers cymose.

1. JUNCUS, L.

Calyx deeply G-partite, 2-seriate. Capsule halt— 3-celled or 3-celled, loculicide, many-
seeded. — Flower 2 -bracteolate.

1. J. tenuis, W. Perennial ; stem slender, filiform, leafy at the base ; leaves inarticulate,
channelled, narrow ; cyme terminal, loose, supported by 2 (-1) involucral leaves ; flowers pale,
single, distant, snbsessile, mostly one-sided along its branches ; sepals lanceolate, shaiply
acuminate, exceeding the ovoid, or ovoid-oblong, subtruncate capsule; stamens 6. In our
form (/. tenuis, var. unicornis, E. Mey., J. cognatus, Kth., J. parvijlorus, Poir. ?) the stem
is 1^ high, the leaves are almost as long, filiform, and the involucral leaves, one of which is
usually suppressed, scarcely longer than the cyme. — IIab. Jamaica !, TVils. ; [United States !
to Uruguay ; Western Europe 1]

CXXXVIII. LILIACEiE.

Perigone coloured, of 6 divisions. Stamens 6. Ovary compound. Capsule 3 (— l)-celled.
Embryo axile in fleshy albumen. — Leaves mostly parallel-nerved, often rosulate.

An acrid principle is general, which has been found to contain sulphur in the Garlick,
Onion, and allied cultivated species of Allium.. From the milky sap of Aloe vulgaris (culti-
vated for that purpose in the West Indies) the drastic medicine, known as Aloes, is obtained.
Agave and Fourcrmja afford valuable fibre. A spirit is obtained from the fermented juice of
Agave.

Tribe I. ASPJIODELEJE. — Ovary superior.

1. ALLIUM, L.

Perigone 6-partitc, persistent. Stamens perigynous, often dilated at the base : anthers
intTorse. Style simple. Capsule loculicide : seeds black. — Scape usually bulbous ; umbels
terminal , supported by a spalhe.

Sect. 1. Nothoscokdum, Kth. — Style terminal. Ovary-cells several-ovulale.

1. A. striatum, Jaeq. Leaves narrowly linear, rosulate at the base of the subterete
scape ; umbel loose, much exceeding the spathe ; segments of the whitish perigone lanceo-
late-oblong, bluntish, exceeding the simple stamens ; ovary shorter than the style : cells 4-
8-ovulate. — Redout. Lit. 1. 1. 50. Bol. Repos. 2. t. 107. — Nothoscordum, Kth. N. stria-
tellum, Kth. N. fragraus /3, Kth. A. gracile, Andr. — Scape 8"-2' high; leaves
broad , perigone 4"'-3"' long. — Hab. Jamaica !, tlariw., in the mountains of Port ltoyal ;’
Barbadoes; [United States ! to Chile!].

582

LILIACE7E.

2*. ALOE, L.

Perigone tubular, deciduous : limb 6-fid. Stamens hypogynous : anthers introrse. Style
simple : stigma 3 -lobed, or subentire. Capsule loculicide : seeds black. — Succulent, often
woody plants ; flowers racemose.

2*. A. vulgaris, Lam. Stolouiferous, nearly stemless ; leaves few, rosulate, fleshy,
lauceolate-acuminate, glaucous, spinose-dentate ; flowers yellow, nodding: pcrigouc equal ;
stamens shortly exserted. — Desc. Ft. 2. t. 130. — A. barbadensis, Mill. A. perfoliata, var.
vera, L. — Scape 2'-3' high, 1£H— 2" thick at the base, often few-branched ; perigone l"loug.
— LIab. Naturalized and cultivated in Jamaica, Antigua !, Wullschl. ; S. Vincent 1, Guild. ;
Barbadoes, on dry hills ; [said to be introduced from the Canary islands, or the Bermudas,
{SI.), naturalized in the southern Mediterranean region !].

3. YUCCA, L.

Perigone 6-partite, persistent. Stamens perigyuous, included : anthers introrse, erect.
Stigmas 3, sessile. Capsule fleshy, tardily loculicide at the summit, many-seeded: seeds
depressed, black. — Woody plants; leaves rosulate at the summit of the simple trunk;
panicle terminal.

3. Y. aloifolia, L. Stout; leaves lanceolate-acuminate, or lauceolate-linear, thickisli,
rigid, crenulate-scabrous at the margin, pungent at the summit, interior erect ; perigone
lurid : segments erect, ovate, or ovate-oblong, pointed. — Tuss. FI. 2. t. 29. — 10'-12' high ;
leaves H"-l" broad; perigone 1|" long. — LIab. Jamaica!, Al. ; Antigua!, Wullschl.;
[Southern United States, Mexico].

Tribe II. AM A R YLLLDFAE. — Ovary inferior.

4. AGAVE, L.

Perigonial limb 6-partite, persistent: stamens inserted into its tube, exserted : anthers
incumbent, introrse. Style simple. Capsule loculicide, many-seeded : seeds flatfish, black.
— Leaves fleshy, rosulate at the base of a stout, many-flowered, peduncle or scape ; lobes
of the perigone narrow.

4. A. americana, L. Stemless ; leaves thick, glaucous, linear-acummate, spiuose at
the point and margin, exterior recurved; flowers greenish-yellow, densely clustered at the
summit of the alternate branches of the scape ; perigone constricted above the ovary. — 20'-
36' high ; perigone l|"-2" long. — LIab. Jamaica, (P. Br.), common on barren, rocky hills ;
Antigua 1, Wullschl. ; Dominica, Imr. ; [Cuba, Mexico ; naturalized iu Southern Europe !
and East Indies 1].

No other Agave occurs in our collections: A. antillarum, Desc. El. 4. t. 284. (“flowers
orange-coloured, leaves 5" broad, pointed”) is to be compared with A. sobolifera, Salm.,
said to be introduced from Jamaica and Haiti ; A. Keraito, Mill., (“ leaves 3" broad, green,
suberect ”), introduced from S. Kitts, is doubtful.

5. EOURCROYA, ent.

Character of Agave , but perigonial tube filiform, lobes elliptical, stamens included, filaments
dilated below.— Woody plants ; leaves fleshy, rosulate at the summit of the simple trunk;
flowers racemose, simple-ternale along the branches of stout, terminal peduncles, often
transformed into bulbilli.

5. F. cubensis, Haw. Leaves linear-lanceolate, coarsely spinose-dentate ; bulbilli
“ ellipsoidal.” — Jacq. Amer. Piet. t. 261. f. 25 : the flower— Agave, Jacq.— Trunk short,
erect ■ peduncle 20'-35' high ; perigone whitish : limb about 1'' long, as long as the tube. —
IIab.’ Naturalized in Jamaica 1, Pd. ; Tabago ; [Cuba to Brazil],

6. F. griprantea, Vent. Jjeaves linear-lanceolate, mucronatc, quite entire; bulbilli

ovate-lanceolate, acuminate. — Jacq. Ic. Far. 1. 379. Tuss. FI. 2. 1. 25, 26. Agave fa-tida,
p Trunk at length 3'— 4', peduncle 25 -30' high ; perigone greenish-white : limb about

LILIACE2E.

583

1" long, little shorter than the tube— Hab. Antigua!, Wullschl.; [French islands! to
Brazil].

6. PANCRATIUM, L.

Perigonial tube long, slender, bearing a crown at its throat : liinl> 6-partite. Stamens
inserted into the crown : filaments long : anthers incumbent. Style simple. Capsule loeu-
licide : seeds fleshy. — Leaves rosulate from a bulb ; scape terminated by a cluster of large
flowers : perigonial lobes narrow.

7. P. caribaeum, L. Leaves lanceolate-oblong, tapering at the base; flowers 12-6,
sessile, white : tube of the perigone straight, filiform, shorter than the lobes : crown infun-
dibular, half as long as the stamens, sinuate : its teeth produced into the filaments ; anthers
attached below the middle. — Commelyn, Hort. 2. t. 87. Jacq. Amer. Piet. t. 102. Hyme-
nocallis, Herb. H. Sloanei, Poem. P. declinatum, Jacq. P. amcenmn, Salisb. {Linn. Trans-
act. 2. t. 10). P. patens, Red — Leaves 3"-4" (-2") broad ; perigonial tube 2"-3", limb
3"— 4", crown about 1" long. — Hab. Jamaica; S. Kitts, Antigua!, Wullschl .; Dominica!,
Imr. ; [Guiana !].

8. P. patens, Lindl. {non Red.), Leaves lanceolate-oblong, tapering at the base ;
flowers 4-6, sessile, white : tube of the perigone straightish, filiform, longer than (or as long
as) the lobes: crown infundibular, longer than half the stamens, repand: its teeth pro-
duced into the filaments ; anthers attached much below the middle. Hymenocallis cayma-
nensis, Herb. — Leaves 3" broad ; perigonial tube 5"-3", limb 4"-3", crown 16'" long.—
Hab. Jamaica!, March.; [Great Kayrnan].

9. P. carolinianum, L. {ex Catesb). Leaves linear, sessile ; flowers 4-3 (-8), sessile,
white : tube of the perigone straight, filiform, longer than the lobes : crown campanulate,
as long as the stamens, 12 -dentate : alternate teeth produced into the filaments ; anthers
attached at the middle.— Catesb. Carotin. App. t. 5.— P. rotatum, Ker (Hymenocallis,
Herb). — Leaves 1" broad; perigonial tube 4"-5", limb 3"-4", crown li"-2" long. — LIab.
Jamaica !, March ; [United States to Mexico].

7. CRINUM, L.

Perigonial tube long, slender, naked : limb 6-partite. Stamens inserted into the throat
of the perigone : filaments long : anthers incumbent. Style simple. Capsule “ evalved :
seeds fleshy.” — Leaves rosulate from a columnar or globose bulb ; scape terminated by a
cluster of large flowers.

* Leaf -ribs parallel.

10. C. erubescens, Ait., (Herb., non Jacq.). Leaves linear, with a bluntish point,
scabrous at the margin: ribs parallel; flowers 4-12, sessile, whitish; perigonial tube
straightish, filiform, to the summit, about tivice as long as the expanded limb : lobes nar-
rowly linear; stamens spreading. — Herb. Amar. t. 44./. 12: the flower. — C. guianense,
Rmm. I — Leaves 1"-1 4" broad ; perigonial tube 6", lobes 4"-3" long, the latter 3"'-4'"
broad. — Hab. Jamaica!, List., in ditches ; [Guiana !].

11. C. longiflorum, Herb. Leaves linear or oblong -linear, acuminate, slightly sca-
brous at the margin : ribs parallel ; flowers 6-12, sessile, whitish and purple-variegated ;
perigonial lube cernuous, filiform, gradually dilated at the summit into the campanulate-
infundibular limb, exceeding it in length: lobes oblong -lanceolate, mucronate-pointed ;
stamens declined. — Lot. Reg. t. 303.— I exclude the figure of Lot. Mag. t. 2336 (said to
represent a hybrid from C. capensc and erubescens ), which has pedicellate flowers. Leaves
1-2" broad ; perigonial tube G"-5", limb 4"-3" long : lobes connivent, at length spreading,
10"' broad: their mucro of variable length, often 4'" long. — IIab. Jamaica!, March; An-
tigua !, Wullscld.

** Leaf-veins in curves from the midrib.

12. C. -floridanum, Fraser (inedit.). Leaves oval, or oval-oblong, bluntish, tapering
into the petiole, glabrous at the margin : lateral ribs curved ; flowers 4-3, pedicellate, white ;

584

LILIACEAD.

perigonial tube straightish, linear, little longer than the expanded limb : lobes narrowly
linear ; stamens spreading. — I adopt Fraser’s name on account of the resemblance of this
species with G. bracteatum, W. (Jacq. Schcenbr.4. t.495 ; C. asialicum, Red. Lil. 0. t. 348),
to which Fraser’s plant was reduced by Ker. The lesser number of flowers, the narrow
petiole, the bulb probably less columnar, and the American habitat speak for its peculiarity :
if however it should not prove distinct, Willdenow’s name is to be adopted, as C. asiali-
cum, L., rests chiefly upon the authority of Rumphius, and from the original figure {Herb.
Amboin. 6. t. 69) its leaves appear to be oblong, with parallel ribs. Leaf-blade 9"-10"long,
3"-4" broad, petiole 5" long, 5”' broad; pedicels as long as the ovaries; perigonial tube 4"-
3" long, 2"'-3'" diam., lobes 3" long, 2"' broad.- — Hab. Jamaica!, Wullsc/il.; [an island
near the coast of Florida, along the sea (Jras.)].

13. C. giganteum, An.dr. Leaves lanceolate-oblong, acuminate, tapering into the
broad petiole, scabrous at the margin : lateral ribs slightly curved ; flowers about 8-12,
sessile, white ; perigonial tube cernuous, linear, almost twice as long as the campanulate-
infundibular limit : lobes oval-oblong , blunt with a minute point ; stamens declined. — Red.
Lil. 4. t. 181. — C. petiolatum, Herb. — Leaves (the petiole included) 24,-3' long: blade 4",
petiole near the base 1" broad ; perigonial tube 5", limb 3" long, lobes 14"'-18'" broad. —
IIab. Jamaica 1, March ; [Brazil ; Western trop. Africa to the Cape].

8. AMARYLLIS, L.

Perigonial tube short : limb infundibular, often unequal, 6-partite. Stamens inserted
into the tube of the perigone : filaments long : anthers incumbent. Style simple. Capsule
usually loculicide : seeds black, compressed. — Leaves rosulate from a bulb ; flowers umbel-
late-single, rarely clustered: spatlie 2 -valued, or tubular.

Sect. 1. Hippeastrum, Herb. — Spatlie 2-valved, 2-many-flovjered. Perigone nodding.

Stamens declined.

14. A. equestris, Ait. Leaves oblong-linear with a bluntish point, about as long as
the 2 (-4) -flowered scape ; perigone" cinnabar-coloured .” tube slender, hairy at the throat,
gradually dilated into the spreading limb : lobes ovate-oblong , pointed, subequal ; stamens
included; stigma blunt. — Rot. Mag. t. 305. — Hippeastrum, Herb. H. occidentale, Rcem.
A. Belladonna, Sw. ( non L.J, Meg. Esseq.l — Leaves 1" broad; perigone 3"-5" (tube about
1") long. — Hab. Jamaica!, Al., March ; Antigua!, Widlschl.; Barbadoes ; Trinidad;
[Portorico ! to Guiana !].

Sect. 2. Zepiiyranthes, Herb.— Spatlie tubular, \-flowered. Perigone suberect, infun-
dibular, subequal. Stigma 3-fid.

15. A. tubispatha, Her. Leaves few, linear, channelled, about as long as the scape;
spatlie 2-fid, half as long as the pedicel ; perigone white, greenish at the base, as long as
the pedicel : tube very short : segments obovate-oblong , subequal, twice as long as the three
longer stamens ; anthers 3'" long; style included, exceeding the stamens. — Bot. Mag. 1. 1586.
— Zephyranthes, Herb. — Leaves 3"' broad; perigone 2"-lV' long. — Hab. Jamaica; An-
tigua !, Wullschl. ; [French islands !].

16. A. carinata, Spreng. Leaves linear, channelled; spatlie monophyllous, slit on one
side, exceeding the included pedicel; perigone rosy, much longer than the pedicel : tube
short: segments obovate-oblong , pointed, subequal, exceeding the subequal stamens; anthers
8"' long ; style included, shortly exceeding the stamens. — Bot. Mag. t. 2594. — Zephyran-
thes, Herb.— Leaves 2"'-4"' broad ; spatbc 1"-1 1", perigoue 2£"-3" long. — Hab. J arnaica !,
March ; [Mexico to Brazil].

9. IIYPOXIS, L.

Perigonial limb 6-partite, spreading, persistent. Stamens inserted into its base : anthers
erect, introrse. Style simple. Capsule 3-celled, evalved, many-seeded . seeds black, sub-
globose, laterally attached by a retinaculum-like funiculus. — Leaves grass-like, plaited, rosu-
late from a bulb ; flowers single, or fascicled, supported by bracts.

SMILACE®.

585

17. H. decumbens, L. Hairy ; bulb ovoid ; leaves linear, acuminate, 3-5 -nerved,
recu wed-flaccid, longer than the decumbent, few (-1) -flowered scapes ■, bracts linear, ex-
ceeding the pedicel ; perigonial tube wholly adnate : lobes ovate-lanceolate, pointed ; cap-
sule clavate-cylmdrical, slightly cur v ed. — M art. Ft. Bras. 8. t. ff. 1. -Leaves 2'"-4
broad; perigone yellow, externally greenish: limb 5"'-6 diam. — IIab. Jamaica., Wils.,
Wullschl., in savannahs ; Trinidad !, Cr. ; [Cuba ! to Brazil !].

18. H. scorzonerifolia, Lam. Hairy; bulb oblong ; leaves linear-lanceolate, acumi-
nate at both ends, many-nerved, erect ; flowers axillary, sessile, single, exserted from the
membranaceous, oblong-lanceolate bract ; perigonial tube filiform, long-produced beyond, the
ovary, lobes elliptical-lanceolate, bluntish ; “ capsule oblong.” — Besc. VI. 8. t. 593. Leaves
2",-5'" broad ; perigone yellow within, externally pale-red : limb 8"'-12 diam. Hab.
Jamaica!, Wullschl. ; S. Vincent ; [Haiti to Brazil !].

CXXXIX. SMILACE2E.

Character of Liliacece, but pericarp mostly fleshy, albumen corneous, and embryo usually
minute.— Lateral leaf-ribs curved, often reticulated ; perigone of 6-4 (-10) divisions, in-

The Sarsaparilla is the root of Srnilax papyracea, the J amaica China-root that of S. Bal-

bisiana.

1. CALODRACON, Planch.

Perigone campanulate, 6-fid, deciduous : stamens inserted into its throat, included. Fila-
ments subulate, anthers 2-fid-incumbent. Ovary 3-celled, many-ovulale. Stigma 3-fid. —
Trees ; leaves rosulate at the summit of a simple trunk, striated by approximate lateral
ribs proceeding from the midrib, petioled ; panicle terminal of compound racemes or spikes:
pedicels jointed at the summit.

1. C. Sieberi, Planch. Leaves lanceolate-oblong, mucronate; pedicels one-third as
long as the bluish perigone, much exceeding the minute bracts. — Cordyline, Kill. Dracaena
terminals, Sieb. (Cordyline, PI. Kegel.) — Leaves 9"-15" long, 2''-3" broad, green with a
violet tinge; pedicels 2'", perigone 5"'-6"' long.— Hab. S. Kitts ! ; Trinidad (Sieb.) ; [French
islands ! to Guiana !, probably introduced from the Old World].

2. SMILAX, L.

Flowers dioecious. Perigone 6-phyllous, deciduous : stamens inserted into its base. An-
thers erect, recurved. Ovary 3-celled : cells l(-2)-ovulate : ovules pendulous, atropous.
Style 3-partite. Seeds subglobose, not black. — Shrubby (rarely herbaceous) climbers, often
prickly ; leaves palmatinerved, reticulated-veiny : tendrils in pairs from the petiole ; um-
bels peduncled, axillary.

Sect. Pharmacosmilax. — Anthers about as long or longer than the filaments. — Network

of veins dense, mostly prominent on both sides of the leaf.

* Flower-buds ovoid, or subglobose, V" long, or less ; branches prickly .

2. S. papyracea, Poir. Brauchlets angular ; leaves membranaceous-chartaceous,
ovate-oblong, oblong-lanceolate, (or cordate-ovate), acuminate with a bluntish point, veiny
on both sides, glabrous : tendrils inserted below the middle of the petiole ; peduncles
shorter than (or as long as) the petiole ; flower-buds ovoid; anthers oblong, as long as the
filament ; berries red. — Plum. Ed. Burm. t. 83. Mart. FI. Bras. 5. 1. 1. — S. acuminata, IV.
S. officinalis, Kth. sec. Seem. S. giobifera, Meg. Esseq. I S. Ilostmanniana, Kth. — Leaves
green, very variable, as in all the following species ; flowers “ greenish.” — ILab. Trinidad !,
Sch. ; [Mexico to Guiana 1 and Equal. Brazil].

3. S. surinamensis, Miq. 1 Branchlets subeylindrical ; leaves mem bran aceous-char-
taceous, ovate-oblong, oblong-lnuceolalc (or cordate-ovate), bluntish-mucronatc, veiny on
both sides, glabrous : tendrils inserted at the middle of the petiole ; peduncles shortly ex-

586

DIOSCOREiE.

ceeding the petiole ; flower-buds ellipsoidal ; anthers oblong, longer than the filament. —
Nearly allied to the preceding; “flowers white.” — Hab. Trinidad!, Cr. ; [Panama!,
Guiana 1],

4. S. Balbisiana, Kth. Branchlets acute-angular ; leaves chartaceous, veiny on
both sides, glabrous, luucrouate, inferior subcordate-deltoid, superior oblong, or lanceolate-
oblong : tendrils inserted below the middle of the petiole ; peduncles shorter than (or as
long as) the petiole ; flower-buds ovoid ; anthers oblong, as long as the filament ; berries
black. — SI. t. 143./. 1. Plum. Pd. Burm. t. 85. — S. pseudoebiua e Jamaica, L., Berter.

S. China, Lun. S. enspidata, Poir. ex Plum. ( non ex Descr.). S. celastroides, Kth. — In-
ferior leaves 3"-4", superior 1" broad, most blunt; flowers greenish. — Hab. Jamaica!, all
coll., common ; Dominica !, Imr.

5. S. viscifolia, Pair. Branchlets obtuse-angled, or subcylindrical ; leaves chartace-
ous, veiny on both sides, glabrous, mucronate, most lanceolate-oblong, or lanceolate, inferior
cordate-ovate : tendrils inserted below the middle of the petiole ; peduncles as long as the
petiole ; flower-buds ovoid ; anthers oblong, about as long as the filament : berries black. — -
Branchlets destitute of sharp angles, at length cylindrical ; leaves often rusty, most 10"'— 3'"
broad, bluntish, lowest large, 4"' broad; flowers greenish. — Hab. Jamaica!, List., Mart.;
[Haiti !].

6. S. subaculeata, Sprang. Branchlets angular ; leaves membranaceous, ovate-oblong,
mucronate, glabrous, veiny on both sides : tendrils inserted at the middle of the petiole ;

“ peduncles exceeding the petiole.”- — Leaves 3— 5-nerved, superior 3 " long, 14'"- 6'" broad,
rounded at the base, acuminate, prickly beueath on the midrib in our sterile, doubtful speci-
men, collected by Wullschl. — IIab. Jamaica (Berter).

7. S. havanensis, Jacq. Branchlets angular; leaves rigid, leathery, roundish, or ob-
long, usually blunt, or emarginate, mucronate, often prickly along the thickish margin, gla-
brous, veiny on both sides (or beneath only) : tendrils inserted at the middle of the petiole ;
peduncles shorter than or as long as the petiole; flower-buds ovoid-globose; anthers oblong,
as long as the filament ; berries purple. — Jacq. Amer. Piet. t. 263./. 85 : a roundish leaf.

S. dentata and ilicifolia, Kth. S. oblongata, Sw. ? : the form with the leaf-ribs prominent
only beneath, subimpressed above. S. eoriacea, Spreng. ? : the same, unarmed. Leaves
usually H"— 2" long, 2"-6"' broad. — Hab. Bahamas 1, Swains. ; [Cuba! and Haiti ! ; Mexico
to Brazil],

** Flower-buds clavate, or oblong, 3'"-lV,, long.

8. S. domingensis, Schlecht. ! Unarmed, glabrous ; branchlets subcylindrical ; leaves
chartaceous, ovate, or ovate-oblong, cuspidate, veiny on both sides : tendrils inserted above
the base of the petiole ; peduncles shorter than the petiole ; flower-buds ellipsoidal-oblong ;
anthers oblong, about as long as the filament ; berries black. Plum. Ed. Burm. t. S2. S.
Schlechtendalii, Kth. ! (S. Schiedeana, Kth.)— Leaves 3"-4" long, l"-2" broad, contracted
at the complicated base, thickish at the margin : network divaricate ; flower-buds 14 -2
long; berries 4'" diam. — Hab. Jamaica !, Al. ; [Cuba !, Haiti; Mexico !].

9. S. macrophylla, W. Slightly prickly (or unarmed), glabrous; branchlets subcy-
lindrical, or angular; leaves chartaceous, most ovate, or ovate-oblong, bluntish, veiuv on
both sides, inferior cordate-ovate : tendrils inserted above the base of the petiole ; peduncles
longer than the petiole; flower-buds oblong-lanceolate ; anthers linear, longer than the fila-
ment; berries black.— Plum. Ed. Burm. t. 84.— S. euspidata. Pair. PL Canb.—l nckles
small, often distant; leaves large, usually 6" long, 4" broad, rarely U -2 broad : network ^
divaricate; flower-buds 3'" long; berries 4'" diam. — Hab. Antigua I, Ihtllschl.; Dominica.,
Imr. ; Trinidad!, Cr. ; [French islands !].

CXL. DIOSCOREiE.

Flowers unisexual. Perigone of 6 divisions. Stamens 6-3. Ovary inferior : cells 2-
ovulate : stylo 3-partite. Embryo minute, mostly in a central cavity of corneous albumen :
cotyledon usually flattish.— Climbers ; leaves of Smilacete : flowers small, in axillary spikes
or racemes.

DIOSCORE/E.

587

The Yams are the esculent tubers of several cultivated species of Bioscorea, said to be
introduced formerly from Africa and Asia.

1. DIOSCOREA, L.

Capsule 3-celled, dehiscent at the wing-shaped angles. Seeds flat, winged : cotyledon
flattish. — Stem twining, herbaceous from a tuberous root; flowers mostly dioecious, usually
greenish.

Sect. 1. Amphistemon. — Stamens 6, all fertile, or 3 destitute of anthers, inserted into
the rotate perigone : anthers subglobose, about as long as the filament.

* S and $ flowers in simple spikes.

1. D. cayennensis, Lam. Stem cylindrical, or angular, usually prickly below ; leaves
mostly opposite, cordate-roundish , or deltoid, glabrous, sparingly dotted with pellucid Hues,
9-nerved with the exterior pair united at the base ; spikes simple : $ flowers distant :
anthers 6 ; capsule leathery, elliptical-oblong : seeds winged at the base.— I). Berteroana
Kth. — Tuber “ compressed-globose, small leaves variable, about 3” diarn.

a. spikes single in the axils.

0. rotundata, Poir. $ spikes geminate or fascicled.

Hab. Jamaica !, March (0) ; [French islands ! (a) ; Guiana, equat. Brazil],

2*. D. bulbifera, L. Stem subcylindrical, bulbilliferous ; leaves alternate, cordate-
ovate, cuspidate, glabrous, devoid of pellucid dots or lines, 9-nerved with the exterior pair
united ; “ spikes simple : S flowers distant : anthers 6 ; capsule elliptical-oblong : seeds
winged at the base.” — Wight, Ic. t. 878. I) esc. FI. 8. t. 535. — Helmia, Kth. — Tuber
“globose;” leaves 4"-3" long, 3"-2i" broad. — Hab. Naturalized in Antigua 1, Wullschl. ;
[cultivated, introduced from East Indies].

** $ flowers in wliorled-compound, ? in simple spikes.

3*. D. alata, L. Stem 4-winged, (or angular) ; leaves opposite, cordate-oblong, or
cordate-ovate with a spreading, basilar sinus, glabrous, devoid of pellucid lines, 7(-9)-nerved
with the exterior pair united ; <? spikes compound : special ones whorled-fascicled, short,
flexuose : flowers distant : anthers 6 ; capsule leathery, elliptical : seeds surrounded by a
wing. — Wight, Ic. t. 810. Besc. FI. 8. t. 537. — Tuber large. From the descriptions of
former authors it is still doubtful whether there are not several species comprised under the
following forms :

o. Stem 4-winged; “tuber simple” ( S/.p . 139, Roxb., Wight.)

0. vulgaris, Miq. “Stem 4-gonal; tuber palmatifid,” — Tuss. FI. 2. t. 28.

y. (?) altissima, Lam. “ Stem cylindrical (SI. p. 140, IF.) ; tuber palmatifid” (SI.) Plum.
Ed. Bunn. t. 117 .f 2.

Hab. Cultivated and naturalized in Jamaica, [Haiti !, Portorico !, and French islands 1(a),
said to be introduced].

*** $ flowers racemose, $ in compound spikes.

4*. D. triphylla, L., Jacq. Stem subcylindrical ; leaves opposite, or “alternate,” 3-
foliolate : leaflets petiolulate, ovate, pointleted, glabrous, subcordate, or oblique at the base,
5-nerved ; $ flowers in simple or simply branched racemes : “ 3 stameus fertile ;” ? spikes
simply branched ; capsule chartaceous, elliptical: seeds “ winged at the base” (Jacq.). —
Jacq. Ic. Rar. t. 627. — Tuber “ globose ;” leaflets 3" long, 2" broad; capsule 12'"-14"'
long, 10'" broad. — IIab. Naturalized in Jamaica !, March, [said to be introduced].

Sect. 2. Epistemon. — Stamens 6, all fertile, inserted into the infundibular perigone :
anthers adnate, much shorter than the filament. — Leaves alternate.

5*. D. trifida, L. Stem angular, narrowly winged ; leaves 2>-§-lobed beyond the
middle, glabrous (or glabrate beneath), dotted with pellucid lines : middle lobe 'i -nerved,
ovate-oblong, or oblong-lanceolate, acuminate, lateral semicordnte or 2-lobed at the base ;
(J flowers in slender, simple racemes, ? in spikes : rhachis hairy, — Leaves G"-3" dinm.,

2 q

588

DIOSCOREjE.

long-pelioled ; capsule still unknown. — IIab. Jamaica!, Macf.; [Portorico !, French islands !,
Guiana !].

6. D. Kegeliana, Gr. Stem subcyliudrical ; leaves cordate-deltoid , cuspidate, gla-
brous, membranaceous, 7 -nerved with the exterior pair united, twice as long as the petiole;
$ flowers in filiform, simple, or slightly compound racemes : rbachis hairy ; ? flowers
distantly glomerate in spikes ; capsule elliptical, ehartaceous : seeds surrounded by a wing.
— Leaves 2" diam. ; capsule 1 0'"— 12'" long, 8"'-10'" broad. — Hab. Trinidad!, Cr.;
[Guiana !] .

7. D. pilosiuscula, Berter. Stem subcylindrical, striate; leaves subcordate-ovate
(or subcordate-roundish), minutely pointleted, hairy beneath, 7-ll(-13)-nerved with the
exterior nerves cohering, twice-thrice as long as the petiole ; [ $ flowers fascicled in simple,
filiform racemes: rhachis pubescent]; flowers single, in long, filiform, hairy spikes ;
“capsule oblong: [seeds winged at the base”]. — Helmia, Kth. The characters included
in brackets, are taken from D. remoliflora, Kth. ( Helmia Bhrenbergiana, Kth.), which is
apparently a continental form, with roundish, more pubescent leaves, and the number of
their nerves increased. Leaves 2 "-3" long ; ^ spikes peduncled, often geminate. Hab.
Jamaica!, Pd., M‘Nab. ; [Haiti; the continental form ranges from Mexico to Panama !].

Sect. 3. Lychnostemon.- — Stamens 3 fertile, 3 sterile, inserted into the rotate perigone :
the fertile 2-fid at the summit, with distant anther-cells. — Leaves alternate, membra-
naceous.

8. D. multiflora, Prl. Glabrous; stem subcylindrical; leaves cordate-deltoid, cus-
pidate, glabrous, 9-11-nerved, with the exterior pair cohering and the veins in a loose net-
work, dotted with minute, pellucid lines : basilar sinus open ; $ spi/ces simply branched
below, filiform : flowers distantly glomerate ; capsule roundish-oval, membranaceous-char-
taceous : seeds surrounded by a wing. — Plum. Ed. Burm. t. 117./. 1- — D. altissima, Sieb.
Mart. ( non Lam). D. Sieberi, Kth. — Leaves 3"-5" diam. ; capsule 1” long, 10'" broad. —
Hab. Jamaica!, all coll., common ; S. Vincent !, Guild. ; [Martinique ; Venezuela!].

Sect. 4. Allactostemon.— Character of Lychuostemon, but no sterile filaments, and

anther-cells approximate.

9. D. lute a, Meg. ! Glabrous; stem cylindrical ; leaves cordate-roundish, or cordate-
deltoid, cuspidate, 9-7(-ll)-nerved with the primary veins transverse, (rarely dotted with
pellucid lines) : basilar sinus open ; spikes simple, filiform : $ flowers distantly glomerate ;
capsule oblong, membranaceous : seeds surrounded by a narrow icing above : wing obovate-
roundish at the produced base. — Veil. FI. Plum. 10. t. 124. D. heptaueura, Fell. D. sa-
tiva, Gr. Biosc. Brasil. ( exclus . Syn. Linn). B. sativa, L., comprises : 1°, B. CLffortiana,
Lam. (PI. Cliff, t. 28), which is probably a form of B. vil/osa, L. ; 2°, B. multiflora, Prl.
(ex. syn. Plum, and P. Br.) ; 3°, B. altissima, Lam. (ex. syn. SI.) ; 4°, the East Indian
species fi<mred by Rheed. 8. t. 51 ; and 5°, the contested plant, quoted from Rumph. 5.
t. 180.’— Leaves 3"-6" diam. ; capsule 10'" long, 5'" broad : seeds (the wing included) 3"'~
4'" long: wing IV" diam. at the base, above— Hab. Antigua!, lFullschl. ; Trim-

dad!, Ur. ; [Cuba! to Brazil!].

2. RAJANIA, L.

Samara one-seeded by abortion : seed flat, wingless. — Habit of Bioscorea.

10 R. ovata Sw.l Leaves ovate, shortly acuminate or pointleted, rounded-truncate
or subcordate at the base, 5-7 -nerved, long-petiolcd ; flowers pedicellate S “compound-
racemose with minute branches ;” samara oblong, obliquely rounded at the summit : wing
much longer than the seed.— Leaves 2"-3" long ; samara 12"'-14'" long, about 4 broad
above. — Hab. Jamaica!, Pd., Manchester; [Haiti!].

11 R. pleioneura, Gr. (n. sp.). Leaves cordate-roundish (or cordate-ovate), dcltoid-
nointed or cuspidate, 9 -nerved, twice ns long as the petiole: basilar sinus deep ; flowers
pedicellate S compound-racemose with minute branches; samara sennobovat e-oblong,
bluntish pointed at the incurved base : wing thrice as Iona as the seed. — R. hast at. a, Kth..

HiEMODORACEiE.

589

(non l.). R. hastata, L. (Cuba) has smaller samarse, and is distinguished by the subsessile,
distantly glomerate, S flowers, and by the leaves. — 5-6' high, suffruticose ; leaves 5
diam. ; racemes often fascicled-geminate, usually exceeding the leaves ; special $ lacemes
3-8-flowered, 2'/,-4"/ long, flexuose : pedicels hairy or glabrescent, as long as the perigone ;
S perigone -|'" long, infundibular: segments oblong, bluntish; stamens 6, included, inserted
into the perigone : anthers didymous, as long as the filaments ; ( flowers in simple lacemes ,
samara 8,w long, 3"' broad above the semilunar seed. — Hab. Dominica !, Imr., common m
woods; [Cuba and Portorico, ex synon. Kth(] .

CXLI. IRIDE2E.

Perigone coloiu’ed, of 3 exterior, and 3 interior divisions. Stamens 3, alternate to the
inner perigone : anthers extrorse. Ovary inferior, compound : cells many-ovulate. Peri-
carp capsular, j Embryo axile in fleshy albumen, — Leaves mostly eguitant, distichous, pa-
rallel-nerved.

1. CIPURA, AuU.

Iamb of perigone 6-partite, interior segments usually smaller. Stamens distinct, inserted
into the perigone, “alternate to the stigmas.” anthers erect. Style 3-partite. Bulbous
herbs ; most leaves rosulate ; spathe %-leaved, compressed.

1. C. paludosa, Aubl. Leaves linear-acuminate ; flowers few, glomerate, approximate
to and much exceeded by the single, erect leaf of the stem. — Leaves 6"-12" long, all ex-
ceeding the inflorescence ; flowers pale-blue, alternate : perigonial limb 6"'— S'" long. — Hab.
Trinidad !, Lockli., Or., common in savannahs ; [Venezuela !, Guiana!, Brazil !].

2. C. martinicensis, Kth. Leaves lanceolate-linear, acuminate ; flowers few, glome-
rate, scarcely exceeded by the leaves : spathe distant from the single short leaf of the stem.
— Jacq. Amer. Piet. t. 10.— Iris, L. — l£'-2' high ; rosulate leaves as long as or shorter
than the stem: stem-leaf 3"-5" long; flowers yellow: perigonial limb 8W— 1 O'" long. —
Hab. Antigua !, Wullschl., Dominica, Imr., on grassy hills ; [French islands ! to New
Granada].

3. C. plicata, Or. Leaves lanceolate-acuminate ; flowers in geminate, unequal fas-
cicles: the fascicles approximate to and exceeded by the uppermost leaf ; perigonial divi-
sions subequal. — Morsea, Sw. Marica, Curt. Sisyrinchium latifolium, Ait. — 2'-3' high ;
rosulate leaves 1" broad, or narrower, nearly as long as the stem, uppermost 10"— 12", longer
peduncle 2"-3" long; flowers white — Hajb. Jamaica!, Waters, in hilly pastimes of the
western districts (Sw.) ; Dominica !, Imr. ; S. Vincent, Guild.

CXLII. MMODORACEjE.

Perigone coloured, of 6 divisions. Stamens 6-3 : anthers introrse. Ovary compound :
style simple. Embryo minute, in amylaceous albumen. — Herbs; leaves mostly equita/nt,
parallel-nerved.

1. XIPHIDIUM, Aubl.

Perigone 6-leaved. Stamens 3, hypogynous, opposite to the interior leaflets of the peri-
gone : anthers erect. Capsule 3-celled : cells many-seeded. — Stem leafy beloiv ; raceme
terminal, compound ,- flowers white or blue, one-sided along its branches.

1. X. floribundum, Sw. Leaves oblong-lanceolate, or oblong, acuminate, often dis-
tantly muricate at the edge, glabrous ; panicle pubescent ; perigonial leaflets oblong-lanceo-
late, glabrescent. — Sw. FI. t. 2. infer, analyt. — X. albidum, Lam. X. giganteum, Lind/. :
a broad-leaved form. — 1'-2' high; leaves l"-2" broad; flowers 8-10 along the branches of
the panicle : perigone 4'" long.— Hab, Jamaica!, Pd. ; S. Kitts, Dominica!, Imr., S. Vin-
cent !, Guild.; [Mexico to Brazil],

590

BROMELIACE2E.

CXLIII. PONTEDERIA CEjE.

Perigone coloured, of 6 divisions. Stamens 6-3, unequal, inserted into the perigone :
anthers introrse. Ovary free : style simple. Embryo axile in amylaceous albumen. — Aquatic
herbs ; leaves visually provided with a blade.

1. IIETERANTHERA, R. P.

Perigone salver-shaped : lobes little unequal. Stamens 3 : two upper filaments shorter.
Capsule incompletely 3-celled, many-seeded. — Low, floating or creeping herbs ; leaves rosu-
late : petiole much longer than the blade (; rarely the latter suppressed)-, spathc \-few-
jlowered at the sheathing base of the petiole ; flowers fugacious.

1. H. reniformis, R. P. Leaves cordate-reniform ; spathe 3-5 -flowered ; flowers

white; inferior anther larger. — Leaves diam. ; lobes of the perigone 2"' long. —

Hab. Caribbean islands ; [Guadeloupe!; United States ! to Buenos Ayres !].

2. H. limosa, V. Leaves ovate, or ovate-oblong, blunt, truncate or rounded at the

base; spathe 1-flowered ; flower blue; anthers subequal. — SI. t. 149./. 1 Pontederia, Sio.
— Leaves long ; lobes of the perigone 5"'-6"'long; filaments broader than in the

preceding, the third little longer.— Hab. Jamaica !, Macf, List., March; [United States !
to Venezuela],

2. EICHHORNLA, Ktli.

Perigone infundibular : tube dehiscent at the middle, along the anterior claw : lobes un-
equal, interior broader. Stamens 6 : three inferior longer, incurved. Capsule 3-celled,
many-seeded : seeds costate. — Large, aquatic herbs : leaves emerging ; inflorescence from a
sheathing petiole, and supported by a spathe, panicled, or racemose ; flowers variegated ;
bracts obsolete.

3. E. tricolor, Seub. Stem simple, one-leaved above ; leaves deeply cordate-deltoid,
pointleted, exceeded by the panicle, lowest rosulate ; spathe foliaceous, lanceolate-linear, a
little distant from the base of the petiole ; flowers distant along the simple, spreading
brauches of the panicle, inferior pedicellate, superior subsessile ; perigone variegated-blue :
lobes obovate and spathulate. — Mart. FI. Bras. 8. t. 1 1.— Pontederia pauicidata, Spreng.—
Stem-leaf 3"-5" diam., as long as the petiole; sheath 1"-1|", panicle 5''-8", flowers 8"'-
10"' long ; capsule ovate-lanceolate. — Hab. Jamaica 1, Macf., List., Pd., March, in ditches,
Westmoreland ; [Brazil].

4. E. azurea, Kth. Stem branched: leaves roundish, (or oval), very blunt, contracted
into the much longer, tapering petiole : spathe roundish, sheathing-complicate, a little dis-
tant from the base of the petiole ; flowers large, geminate, in a simple raceme, one in the
pair pedicellate, the other sessile ; perigone pale-blue with a yellow blotch : interior lobes
obovate-roundish, crenulate. — Sold edit end. Ic. in Flatter, Abhandl. II. Pontederia, Sic.
T. Schlechtendal’s doubts on Swartz’s species are in contradiction with Seubert’s remarks on
the Brazil Pontederia azurea, the correctness of which I have occasion to confirm by the
comparison of Uruguay specimens, and of the quoted figure with the plant collected in
Swartz’s locality. Stem stout, “ floating ;” leaves variable, the larger 3' -4", perigone 2
diam.— Hab. Jamaica!, Pd., behind the ferry; Trinidad, Cr. ; [Panama! and Guiana! to
Uruguay ! and northern Buenos Ayres].

CXLIV. BROMELIACE/E.

Calyx of 3 corolla of as mauy divisions. Stamens 6. Ovary 3-cellcd. Embryo minute,
in the top of amylaceous albumen, or naked beyond its extremity.— Herbs, often epiphytical;
leaves rosulate, rigid, parallel-nerved, usually channelled. ..

The Pine-apple, or Ananas, is the syncarpium of Ananassa : the eatable fruits of Bromelta
and Nidularium ICaratas are called wild Ananas. Of several the fibre is used, e.g. of A i-
diluvium Karalas and Bromelia Pinguin.

BROMELi&CEjr.

591

Tribe I. A N A NA SSEJE. — Ovary inferior ; fruit baccate , or indehiscent.

1*. ANANASSA, Lindt.

“ Petals distinct, 2-scaled within : scales tubular. Stamens epigynous : anthers erect.
Stigmas straight.” Syncarpium formed of the spicate inflorescence, becoming fleshy,
crowned by a tuft of leaves. — Spike supported by rosulate leaves.

1*. A. sativa, Lindt. Leaves spiny-serrate ; bracts ovate, pointed, about as long as
the flowers. — Red. Lit. 8. t. 455. Base. FI. t. 36, 341. — Hab. Naturalized and cultivated
in the West Indies, e.g. Jamaica, Antigua !, Wullschl., Trinidad; [South America].

2. NIDULARIUM, Lem air.

(Karatas, Plum)

Corolla tubular, naked within. Stamens inserted into the throat of the corolla-tube :
anthers incumbent. Stigmas twisted. Berry succulent, many-seeded. — Flowers mostly in
a sessile head , surrounded by the channelled bases of the leaves.

2. N. Karatas, Lemair. Leaves large, acuminate, dentate, with distant, incurved
spines ; head sessile, leafless ; calyx-tube cylindrical, furfuraceous-woolly ; corolla as long,
rosy: lobes oblong-lanceolate, half as long as the tube. — Jacq. Amer. Piet. t. 260./. 24. :
analyt. Jacq. H. Vindob. 1. t. 31, 32; 3. t. 79— Bromelia, L. — Leaves 6'-8', calyx-tube
1", corolla Y\" long. — Hab. Jamaica; Antigua!, Wullschl.; [Cuba to Guiana !].

3. BROMELIA, L., Lindt. (1827).

(Agallostachys, Beer.)

Petals distinct, naked within. Stamens epigynous : anthers erect, sagittate. Stigmas
straight, short. Berry succulent, many-seeded. — Stem bearing leaves ; flowers in a compound ,
racemiform spike : inferior or all common bracts foliaceous.

3. 3. Ping'uin, L. Leaves narrowly acuminate, dentate with stout, incurved spines,
glaucous beueath ; spike whitislr-tomentose, partial ones 4-5-flowered ; calyx slender : lobes
lanceolate-linear, bluutish; petals red, shortly exserted, spathulate-linear. — Tuss.Fl.4s. t. 22.
— Rosulate leaves 57— 6r, panicle 1] flowers /'long; berry ovoid. — IIab. Jamaica!, Wils.,
Al., common in savannahs and rocky hills, used for making fences ; Antigua!, Wullschl.,
Barbadoes; [Cuba ! to Guiana and New Granada].

4. C HE V ALLIERA, Gaudich.

Petals distinct : claw persistent, hard, dilated towards the base. Stamens 3, epigynous,
alternate with the petals, their filaments hard below, persistent : 3 inserted above the claw
of the petals : anthers incumbent. Stigmas straight, connivent. Berry many-seeded. —
Stein hearing usually foliaceous bracts; leaves spiny-serrate; flowers in spikes ; bractlets
and calyx-lobes awned.

The determination of this genus rests upon Gaudichaud’s figures only, chiefly on C. ornata,
(Atlas Bonite, t. 62) : his fig. 1 2 shows exactly the peculiar structure of the early withering
petals, the hard claws of which, having lost their lamina, together with the anthers, end
with a cut appendage (the residue of the former). The ovules however are not beaked in
our species, and its petals (showing tubular scales in Gaudichaud’s figures) are probably
naked. Bromelia longifolia, Rudg. (non Lindl.) is, from its figure, perhaps another congener.

4. C. ling-ulata, Gr. Leaves oblong, spiny-mucronate at the bluntish top, green ; stem
stout, terminated by a compound spike: special spikes cylindrical, distant, subsessile or
shortly peduncled, much exceeding the bract : flowers spreading, approximate, or somewhat
distantly clustered ; calyx rigid, exceeding the subulate bractlet : lobes obliquely obovate -
roundish, connivent, longer than their black, terminal awn; petals “ whitish lamina
shortly exserted. — Plum. Ed. Bunn. 1. 64./. L: bad. — Bromelia, A. Hoplopliytum, Beer.
— Leaves 1 J- -3' long, 2"-4" broad ; inflorescence 6"-l 8", special spikes 4"-8", lanceolate-

592

BROMELIACEjE.

linear bracts 2',-l", bractlets 4,,,-3",) calyx 6W long. — Hab. Antigua!, Wullschl.; [Guade-
loupe ! ; Guiana!, on trees].

5. iECHMEA, R. P. {non Brongn .)

(Hoplopbytnra, Beer)

Petals distinct, suberect, 2-scaled within, perigynous (rarely epigynous) with the alternate
stamens : the opposite 3, epipetalous stamens distant from their base. Anthers incumbent.
Stigmas convolute. Berry “ dry,” many-seeded.- — Scape with sterile, coloured bracts below
the inflorescence ; leaves spiny-serrate ; inflorescence mostly compound : bractlets persistent,
awned or mucronate.

I follow Mr. Martins and Sir W. Hooker in regarding Hoplophytum of Beer and C.
Koch as congeners of A. panicidata, R. P., while Lamprococcus, Beer {/Echmea, Brongn.,
e.g. A.fulgens, ej.) is another genus, distinguished by the stamens all perigynous, the stig-
mas erect, and the coloured, 3-dentate calyx devoid of a bractlet. If however Ruiz and
Pavon’s genus (unknown to me but by their figure) should prove distinct too, the correct
name of Hoplophytum would be Hohenbergia, Schult. ( Acanthostachys having been sepa-
rated from it) : even Pironneaua is an older name than Hoplophytum, and exactly the same
genus, which, though not described, has been fully explained by Gaudichaud’s excellent
figures.

Sect. 1. Pironneaua, Gaud. — Calyx-tube produced beyond the ovary, lobes atoned. Pe-
tals perigynous, connivent : scales much distant from their base, at the origin of the
epipetalous stamens. Ovules beaked, hanging from the summit of the cell. — Inflores-
cence terminal, branched : flowers in peduncled, imbricate spikes, heads or clusters, each
enclosed by an awned, persistent bractlet : peduncles supported by bracts.

5. A. distans, Gr. {n. sp.) Leaves oblong, slightly enlarged at the entire base, spiny-
mucronate at the rounded top, pale-green ; bracts lanceolate-acuminate ; peduncles distant,
horizontally spreading, snperior shorter ; spikes ovoid-oblong , glabrous : bractlets broadly
ovate, many-nerved, rigid, awued-cuspidate, as long as the calyx ; calyx-lobes oval-roundish,
spiny-awned ; petals shortly exserted, “ white,” 2-scaled above the middle of the claw :
lamina elliptical. — Allied to A. glom.erata (P. Gaudich.), but bracts 4"-l", lower peduncles
often 4", spikes l"-2" long. Scape slender, several feet high, glabrescent : internodes usually
I "-2” long; leaves 1V-2' long, 2"-3i" broad; flowers about 6'" long. — Hab. Jamaica!,
Pd., on trees, near Dolphin’s peak ; [Cuba !].

Sect. 2. Hohenbergia, Schult. {excl. H. strobilacea ). — Calyx-tube produced beyond the
ovary: lobes awned. Petals perigynous, connivent: scales at their base distant from
the origin of the epipetalous stamens. Ovules naked, or shortly mucronate. — Inflores-
cence terminal, branched : flowers in sessile, or shortly peduncled spikes, heads, cymes or
clusters : each suppoi’ted by a persistent, awned or mucronate bractlet.

6. A. aquilega, Gr. Leaves oblong, subequal at the base, acuminate, pale-green ; bracts
long, oblong-lanceolate ; heads spicate-racemose, large, hemispherical, glabrous, snperior
contiguous, subsessile, inferior gradually more distant, about as long as their compressed pe-
duncle : bractlets broadly ovate, keeled, mucronate, equalling the flower ; calyx-lobes ovate-
lanceolate, shortly awned ; petals spathulate, shortly exserted, “ yellow.” — Reichenb. Exot.
t. 239, 240. Bromelia, Salisb. sec. C. Kcli. B. paniculigera, Reichenb. ( non Sio.). B.
capituligera, Reichenb. Hoplophytum paniculatum, Beer. H. bracteatum, C. Kch. {c. reins.
syn.Sw.).— Scape stout, 2'-3' high ; leaves 3' long, 2" broad ; inferior bracts 6", raceme
6"-8" long; heads 1" diam.— Hab. Jamaica {Salisb.) ; [Venezuela!, Guiaua !, on trees],

7. A. bracteata, Gr. Leaves oblong, subequal at the base, mucronate, pale-green be-
neath ; bracts oblong-lanceolate, as long as the partial spikes, but reduced and subulate in
the upper part of the rhachis ; spike compound, broad, at first nodding : partial spikes con-
tiguous, numerous, subcqual, spreading, subsessile, villous : bractlets ovate-oblong, convex
on theback, many-ribbed, mucronate, exceeded by the flower; calyx -lobes ovate, shortly
awned ; petals spathulate, shortly exserted, “ blue.”— Bromelia, Sw. : I exclude llanston’s
doubtful figure, which represents a Mexican species with distant lower spikelets. Hoplo-
phytum polystachyum, Beer '’—Scape stout, 2'-3' high ; leaves 3'-li' long, 2"-li" broad ;

BROMELIACEiE.

593

spike 6"-14", inferior bracts and partial spikes 4"-3" long; bracelets at length spreading,
4"', flowers 8"'-6'" long.— Hab. Jamaica ! (Sw.) ■ S. Vincent !, Guild. ; Trinidad , Cr., at
Mature Beach.

8. A. paniculigera, Gr. Leaves oblong, abruptly enlarged at the base, green ; bracts
oblong-lanceolate, much longer than the cymes, reduced between them ; panicle tang, ra.ee-
mifonn, downy, or glabrescent : cymes or scorpioid spikes numerous, sessile along t e l ac is,
all conform, or the uppermost reduced to single, sessile flowers : flowers in each cyme is-
iant from each other, lateral, sessile : bractlets small, subulate, awned, much shorter than
the calyx-tube ; calyx-lobes ovate, terminated by a short, recurved awn ; petals spathiUa e,
exserted, “ purple.” — Bot. Mag. t. 3304. Bromelia, Sw. (ex descr., non Sw. her bar.), mi-
bergia purpureorosea, Hook. (Hoplopliytum, Beer). — Scape several ieet mg , eaves \ .

long, 2£"-3" broad at the middle, 4"-G" at the base; raceme l'-2' long, 2 -3 broad : in-
ferior scarlet bracts 4"-6", cyme-internodes 4"'-8"', calyx 5"'-8'" long.-HAB. Jamaica !,
Pd., on rocks and trees, S. Elizabeth ; [Venezuela !].

Sect. 3. Hapljschmea. — Calyx-tube produced beyond the ovary : lobes mucronate. P^ta s
perigynov.s, connivent : scales fimbriate, distant from their base, at the origin oj t te
epipetalous stamens, but below the middle of their claw. Spike terminal, simp e .
bractlets small, subulate, awned.

9. A. nudicaulis, Gr. Leaves oblong, snbequal at the entire base, mucronate, dull-
green beneath ; bracts oblong-lanceolate, acuminate, all distant from the spike ; spike simple,
often lax, nodding, downy : flowers single, distant (or clustered) : bractlet much shorter than
the calyx-tube ; calyx -lobes oblong, blunt, mucronate ; petals spathulate, exserted, yellow.—
Plum. Ed. Barm. t. 62.— Bromelia, L. Billbergia, Li.ndl. lloplophytum, C. Iich. Billb.
lutea, Schv.lt. (Bromelia, Mey. Esseq. /). Billb. pvramidata, Beer. — Leaves H-2 long,
H"-3" bioad ; scape 1 f-2', rosy bracts 3"-2", flowers S'" long.— Hab. Trinidad ! (Sch.) ;
[Cuba !, on rocks and trees ; Guiana !, Brazil].

6. MACROCIIORMUM, Vries.

Petals distinct, suberect, bearing 2 cut scales at the middle within, epigynous with the
alternate stamens : the opposite 3, epipetalous stamens inserted between the scales^ Anthers
erect, slightly cohering. Stigmas straight, short. Berry dry, many-seeded. Scape with
sterile bracts below the dense, simple spike ; leaves spiny-serrate ; flowers supported by a
clasping, woolly , awned bractlet ; calyx -lobes fleshy, blunt ; corolla exserted, becoming
black.

10. IVI . melananthum, Beer. Leaves oblong, rounded at the top, erect, green; spike
short, oblong-cylindrical, blunt; petals purple-black, spathulate, blunt. — Bot. Reg. t. 766.
Bromelia, Lindl. Billbergia clavata, Lindl. — Leaves l|,-2/ long, broad : spines

blackish; scape about 2', spike flowers 6m-8m long. — Hab. Trinidad !; [Guiana!,

at tbe base of trees].

Tribe II. TILLANDSIEJE. — Ovary superior, or half -inferior ; fruit capsular.

7. BROCCHINIA, Schult.

Petals distinct at the naked base, cohering at the middle with the monadelphous, hemi-
epigynous stamens. “ Capsule half-inferior, introrsely dehiscent at the free summit ; seeds
attached at the middle, with a naked appendage at both ends.” — Stem stout, leaved at the
base, divided into a large, spreading panicle ; leaves entire, rigid, devoid of scaly doicn,
somewhat pungent at the pointed summit ; petals little exserted.

11. B. Plumierii, Gr. Leaves oblong-lanceolate, acuminate, equal at the base;
branches of the panicle spiciforrn, nodding : flowers thrice as long ns their internodes ; calyx -
lobes lanceolate-acuminate, half as long again as the bractlet, very little exceeded by the
spathulatc-lincnr petals. — Bromelia panicnligcra, Sw.herbar. (non PI. hid. Occ.). Tillaudsia
paniculata, L. ? : habit of Plum. Ed. Burin, t. 237, but too badly figured, to be quoted with
certainty. — Several feet high; lower leaves 1' long, broad, convolute at the pungent

594

BROMELIA.CE.ffi.

summit, pale-green, the other abruptly decrescent; panicle IV long: branches about 1"
distant from each other, 4"-3" long, branched again at the base ; flowers somewhat dellexed,
pluriserial; bractlets lanceolate, a little powdery by distant scales, 6'" long; calyx 8"'-10'"
long: tube short; stamens included: anthers oblong, erect; stigmas convolute. — ILab. S.
Kitts!, Sw. ; Dominica!, Imr. ; [Haiti : ex syn. L.~\.

8. PITCAIRNIA, L'Her.

Petals distinct, usually with a single scale at the base within. Stamens half-epigynous :
anthers erect, sagittate. Stigmas convolute. Capsule 3-coccous : cocci dehiscent within :
seeds co, fusiform with a short, naked appendage at both ends. — Stem leaved at the base ;
leaves long -tapering at the summit, exterior less developed ; inflorescence terminal, race-
mose, or spicate.

12. P. bracteata, Ait. Leaves linear-acuminate, entire (except at the base), furfura-
ceous beneath ; raceme dense, spiciform, downy ; calyx much longer than the pedicels,
about as long as the large bracts, half as long as the ringeut, lurid-red (or yellow) corolla ;
petal-scale basilar, reniform-emarginate, entire ; anthers much shorter than the filaments. —
Pedant. Lil. t. 74 ; But. Mag. t. 2813. — P. latifolia, Red. (non Ait.). P. sulfurea, Andr. :
the yellow-flowered form. — Leaves 10"'-1S"' broad ; corolla about 20'", anthers 4"'-5'" long.
— IIab. S. Vincent !, Guild. ; [Guadeloupe!, Mexico !].

13. P. bromelifolia, L'Her. Leaves linear-acuminate, furfuraceous beneath; raceme
lax, glabrescent ; bracts as long as or shorter than the pedicel ; calyx about as long as the
pedicel, i(-i) as long as the rosy, ringent corolla; petal-scale basilar, reniform, entire ; an-
thers half as long as the filament; appendage of the seed acuminate. — L’Her. Seri. t. 11. —
Very variable, and the origin of several garden-species ; 2'-3' high ; flowers 20"'-24"', pe-
dicels 4"'-10"', anthers 6"?-8"' long.

a. Leaves spiny-denticulate, about 6'" broad ; inferior bracts about as long as the pedicel.

/3. platyphylla, Schrad. Leaves entire, except at the base, 6'"-8'" broad ; most bracts
shorter than the pedicel ; corolla thrice as long as the calyx. — Bot. Reposit. t. 322.

7. graminifolia. Leaves entire, 4'" broad ; bracts much shorter than the pedicel ; corolla
twice as long as the calyx.

Hab. Jamaica !, Al., Pd., Bancr. (a), Lane (7), on banks and rocks ; [Cuba ! ($) to Ve-
nezuela !] .

14. P. angustifolia, Ail. Leaves linear-acuminate, spiny-denticulute, furfuraceous
beneath; raceme lax, often branched below: bracts short, about as long as the pedicel ,-
calyx longer than the pedicel, \(-\) as long as the red, ringeut corolla ; petal-scale distaut
from its base, dentate ; [appendage of the seed truncate] .—Redout. Lil. t. 7G. — P. Redoutiana,
Schult. — Leaves 4"'-12"' broad ; corolla about 20"' long ; the character of the seed, having
been taken from a scarlet-coloured, narrow-leaved Guiana specimen, is to be confirmed. —
IIab. Antigua !, Wullschl., Dominica!; [S. Croix ; Guiana !, on trees].

9. TILLANDSIA, L. ( cxclus . spec.)

Petals distinct. Stamens hypogynous, or nearly so, distinct. Style filiform : stigmas
3, contiguous, or spreading. Capsule septicide : valves at length flattish, endocarp often
loosened : seeds 00, rarely few, fusiform : funiculi long, erect, usually dissolved into hairs
(the pappus) : pappus spreading from their base. Embryo free below the albumen. — Leaves
entire; flowers in spikes, rarely solitary, supported by a bract-let ; sepals nearly distinct,
or 2 of them united.

No generic characters are to be obtained from the adhesion of the ovary-base (appearing
in T.Jlexuosa as well, as it has been stated to be in the original Vriesca-spccics), the corolla-
scales, the direction and the torsion of flower-parts : natural sections however result from
the inflorescence, the leaves, their covering, and less so from structural characters, not yet
verified in all species. The stigmas need still to be compared in life. I retain such generic
distinctions as are based upon cohesion of parts, but even these are less satisfactory, while
the primary division of TUtandsica depends upon the dehiscence of (he capsule, peculiar in
the best genera, and upon the structure of the seed. The pappus presents no sectional cha-
racters: all our species are provided with a pappus, except T.pidchetla, but I observed a

BROMELIACEAf:

595

filiform, not dissolved funiculus in two continental species of Platystachys, in a new section
(. Conostachys ), and in two Anoplophyta.

Sect. 1. Platystachys, C. Kch. — Spike distichous. Petals naked within, convolute below,
erect, or spreading at the summit. Filaments spirally twisted above : anthers incum-
bent.— Stem leaved below, bracteate above, central ; leaves lepidote, rarely green, nar-
rowly acuminate, often subulate at tbe base.

* Flowers and capsules approximate.

15. T. setacea, Sw.l ( non Hook.). Leaves convolute-filiform, little or gradually di-
lated at the base, suberect, as long as or exceeding the stem ; spike compressed, simple or
with a few short, oppressed branches at the base ; bractlets imbricate-distiehous, lepidote,
ovate-oblong, pointed, as long as the calyx ; sepals 3, half as long as the corolla ; petals
“blue,” spathulate, spreading at the summit; anthers oblong, blunt ; stigma-lobes spread-
ing, blunt; capsule twice as long as the bractlet. — SI. t. 122 . f. 1. Plum. Ed. Burrn. t.
238. /. 2. — T. tenuifolia, L. ( exclus . syn. Jacq .) Diaphoranthema versicolor, Beer. —
8"-H' high ; spike 2"-3", its branches 1", corolla 1" long. — Hab. Jamaica !, Sw., Pd.,
3J‘Nb., Wullschl., on trees ; Trinidad 1, Sch. ,- [Cuba ! to Venezuela !].

16. T. compressa, Berter. Leaves lanceolate-linear, subulate at the base, rigidly
erect, convolute, little shorter than the stem ; spike fiat-compressed, large, simple : bract-
lets little lepidote, broadly ovate, point/eted with a short, in curved-erect point, imbricate-
distiehous, exceeding the calyx ; sepals about half as long as the corolla, 2 united to ■£; pe-
tals “ white, bluish above,” erect, convolute, linear ; anthers acuminate, half-exserted ;
stigmas clavate, convolute. — Bot. Mag. t. 3275. — T. setacea, Hook. ( non Sw.). — l'-l V
high ; spike 6" long, 2" broad : bractlets “ yellowish with a red margin,” If, corolla 2\"
long. — Hab. Jamaica!, Pd., Wullschl.-, S. Anns, on trees.

17. T. fasciculata, Sw. Leaves linear-acuminate, subulate at the base, spreading or
recurved, convolute, about as long as tbe stem ; spike compound, compressed : branches
3-8, approximate, nearly as large as the central spike, sessile : bractlets imbricate-disti-
ehous, ovate-obloug or ovate, pointed, as long as the calyx ; sepals half as long as the corolla,
2 united to f ; petals blue, erect, convolute, linear, pointed ; anthers blunt, exserted ; stig-
mas convolute ; capsule twice as long as tbe bractlet. — Catesb. Carol. 2. t. S9. — T. havanensis,
Jacq. ( Arner . Piet. t. 94) : a scarcely doubtful synonym, but tbe leaves are narrower at the
base, the capsules longer-exserted. T. polystachya, Jacq. ( non L., Sw.). Platystachys
digitata, Beer. — 1'-2' high; spikes 2"-6" long: bractlets red, variable in size, 6"'-12"'
long. — Hab. Bahamas !, Swains. ; Jamaica !, Pd., on trees and rocks along the sea; Domi-
nica !, Imr., S. Vincent !, Guild. ; [Cuba ! to French islands !].

** Flowers approximate ; internodes elongating between the bracts in fruit.

18. T. angustifolia, Sw. ! Leaves linear from a subulate base, convolute, curved,
about as long as, or longer than the stem, lepidote ; spike compound : lateral spikes shorter
than the central : bractlets imbricate-distiehous, ohlong-lanceolatc, pointed, little exceeding
the calyx, in fruit thrice as long as their internodes ; sepals half as long as the corolla : 2
united to the middle : lobes blunt ; petals erect ; capsule little longer than the bractlet. —
l'-2' high ; central spike 4", lateral I f -2" long, (variable in number and size of bracts) ;
bractlets glabrous, 8"', calyx 6"', capsule 10"'-12"' long.— LIab. Jamaica !, Sw., on trees ;
[Cuba! to Venezuela!].

19. T. canescens, Sw.l Leaves linear from a subulate base, convolute, suberect, or
spreading, about as long as the stem, lepidote ; spike compound, (or simple) : lateral spikes
few, approximate, about as long as the central : bractlets imbricate-distiehous, oblong-lan-
ceolate, pointed, equalling the calyx, in fruit 4 times as long as their iutemodes ; sepals
half as long as the corolla, bluntish, all 3 distinct; petals “red,” erect, convolute, linear-
lanceolate, bluntish ; capsule twice as long as the bractlet. — 8"— 15" high ; spikes l"-2"
long: bractlets glabrous, 6"', sepals 6"', capsule 12"' long.— Hab. Jamaica!, Sw., Pd., on
trees.

20. T. Balhiaiarla., Schii/t. Leaves lanceolate-linear from a subulate base, convolute,
recurved, exceeded by the stem, lepidote ; spike compound, compressed : lateral spikes 3-S,

596

BltOMELIAOEiE.

appressed, alternate , little shorter than the central : bractlets imbricate-distichous, polished,
oblong-lanceolate, acuminate , keeled , little exceeding the calyx, thrice as long as their in-
ternodes ; sepals exceeding half the corolla, bluntish, all 3 distinct ; petals “ violet,” erect,
convolute, spathulate-linear ; stigmas exserted, “ blunt, ciliate “ capsule exserted.” —
l'-l^'high; spikes 3"-2", bractlets 10'", sepals 8"'-9'", petals 15'" long. — IIab. Jamaica!,
Wullschl., Pd., on trees, peculiar to the plains, Manchester, Westmoreland ; [Cuba !].

21. T. bulbosa, Hook. ! Leaves couvolute-filiform, minutely lepidote, greenish, the
rosulate abruptly dilated into the roundish sheaths of the bulbous stem-base, fiexuose, upper-
most exceeding the spikes ; spikes 5-8 (-1), subequal, approximate, spreading : bractlets
imbricate-distichous, oblong , pointed, exceeding the calyx, 3-6 times as long as their inter-
nodes; sepals shorter than half the corolla, all 3 distinct; petals “violet, white at the
point,” erect, recurved at the summit, convolute, spathulate-linear ; anthers exserted ;
stigmas spreading, “ ciliate at the truncate, dilated summit ;” capsule half as long again as
the bracllet. — Bot.Mag. t. 4288. — Platystachys, Beer. P. erythraea, Beer. — 8"-12" high,
2" thick at the bulb ; spikes 3"-2", bractlets 8'"— 9"', sepals 6'"— 7"', petals 15'1', capsule 12"'
long. — Hab. Jamaica!, Pd., Wullschl., on trees, S. Mary’s, Manchester; Trinidad !, Sell.;
[Guiana! Brazil!].

22. T. laxa, Gr. (n. sp.). Leaves lanceolate-linear, from an ovate-oblong base, convo-
lute, straightish, suberect, as long as the stem, lepidote ; spike compound, (or simple) :
branches lax, subdistant, alternate, about as long as the central spike : bractlets distichous,
twice as long as their internodes, oblong-lanceolate, shortly acuminate, membranaceous at
the margin, little exceeding the calyx ; sepals shorter than half the corolla, all 3 distinct ;
petals violet, erect, convolute, linear-lanceolate, pointed ; anthers exserted ; stigmas convo-
lute ; capsule as long as the bractlet.- — T^' high ; leaves 2" above the base 8'" broad ;
spikes 6"-3", bractlets 9'" — 11 "', calyx 6"'-8'", corolla 1 5'"— 20'", capsule 10'" long. — Hab.
Jamaica!, Wullschl., Manchester; [Cuba!].

23. T. pruinosa, Sio. ! Wholly covered with spreading white scales ; leaves convo-
lute-filiform from a subulate base, recurved, as long as the low stem ; spike simple : bract-
lets distichous, approximate, ovate-oblong, pointed, almost twice as long as the calyx ;
sepals half as long as the corolla, all 3 distinct ; petals blue, convolute, spreading at the
summit, spathulate above the claw, shortly exserted from the bractlet ; stigmas convolute. —
4"-6" high, leafy ; spike 2"-3", bractlets 1", sepals 7'"— 8'", petals 14'"— 16"' long. — Hab.
Jamaica !, Stv., on trees ; [Cuba ! to Venezuela !].

*** Floivers distant : bractlets below tlieir short thickish pedicel.

24. T. fiexuosa, Sw. Leaves linear-acuminate, subulate at the base, recurved, shorter
than the stem, lepidote with minute scales, or greenish, transversely zonate beneath; spike
few-branched, or simple : branches loug, spreading : bractlets distichous, spreading , oblong-
lanceolate, bluntish, as long as or shorter than the channelled internodes, as long as the
calyx (its pedicel included); sepals 3, half as long as the corolla; petals rosy, linear,
spreading at the summit; anthers exserted; capsule twice-thrice as long as the calyx. —
Jacq. Amer. Piet. t. 93.— T. tenuifolia, Jacq. T. aloifolia, Hook. / — 14'— 3' high ; “ bract-
lets and calyx rosy,” the former 10'"— 12'" (-9'"), the latter 12'" long ; ovary-base sunk into
the pedicel. — Hab. Jamaica!, Pd., on logwood-trees, in hot savannahs; Trinidad; [Vene-
zuela !, Guiana !].

25. T. utriculata, L. Leaves linear-acuminate, gradually tapering from an ovate base,

spreading, recurved at the top, shorter than the stem, lepidote with minute scales, or green-
ish, “ezonate;” spike compound: branches loug, distant; bractlets distichous, erect, oblong,
blunt, shorter than or as loug as the internodes, half as long again as the calyx ; sepals 3,
half as long as the corolla ; petals greenish-white, spreading at the summit; anthers ex-
serted; “stigmas convolute;” capsule twice as long as the calyx. Bot. Reg. t. 749. 1.

fiexuosa, var. pallida, Lindl.— Nearly allied to the preceding, but stouter, more branched,
pedicels’and bractlets shorter ; “ bractlets and calyx green with a reddish margin,” the former
6,'" the latter 12,'" capsule 2" long, its valves broader than in the preceding.— Hab. An-
tigua!, Wullschl., S. Vincent!, Guild.; [Cuba! to French islands 1, Venezuela!].

■Sect. 2. Vribska, Lindl., Gatldich.— Spike distichous. Filaments not twisted— Stem

BROMELIACE®.

597

leaved below, or bractcate only ; leaves broad , abruptly pointed, green , wholly or almost

devoid of scaly down.

§ 1. Petals naked within, erect, spreading at the summit ; anthers introrse.

* Stem stout, leafy below.

26. T. excelsa, Gr. ( n . sp). Stem leafy below ; leaves oblong, shortly acuminate,
lowest large, slightly dilated at the base, those of the stem decrescent, spreading ; spike com-
pound : branches spreading, distant, as long as or exceeding the supporting leaf, most or
lower ones compound again : bractlets imbricate-distichous, oblong, poiuted, equalling the
3-leaved calyx and the capsule, much longer than the internodes ; petals shortly exserted,
spreading at the summit, naked ; anthers included, introrse. — Allied to T. gigantea (Vriesea,
Gaud), in the figure of which the leaves agree, but the bractlets are exceeded by the calyx,
and the panicle is less compouud. Leaves shining, dotted below, largest lV(-2' and more)
long, 2" (-3") broad; primary branches 3"-6", uppermost secondary ones H"-2", reddish
bractlets 10'"-18'", petals 1 2",-20"' long.— Hab. Jamaica!, Pd., Wullschl., on trees, Man-
chester, Westmoreland ; [Cuba !, Venezuela !].

27. T. foliosa, Gr. ( n . sp). Stem leafy ; leaves linear-oblong, shortly acuminate,

lowest long, those of the stem suberect, of the panicle spreading, ovate at the base ; spike
compound, racemiform : branches short, simple, most approximate, fevj-flowered, exceeded
by the supporting leaf: bractlets imbricate-distichous, approximate, oblong-lanceolate,
equalling the 3-leaved calyx ; petals a little shorter than the calyx, naked ; anthers included,
introrse. — Habit of the preceding, but panicle leafy, contracted. Lowest leaves 2]' long,
1V'-1" broad, floral 3" long, 1 f broad ; bractlets calyx 14", corolla 15'" long —

Hab. S. Vincent!, Guild.; [Guiana!].

28. T. penduliflora, Gr. (n. sp). Leaves lanceolate-oblong, shortly acuminate; branches

of the inflorescence long, compound, racemiform : spiral spikes short, distant, shorter than
their internodes, nodding, exceeding the bract, 5-6-flowered : bractlets imbricate-distichous,
approximate, ovate-oblong, or oblong-lanceolate, pointed, equalling the calyx. — Imperfectly
known, probably allied to the preceding, but stem unknown. Leaves 3' long, 2" broad ;
branches naked, internodes 14"~2", spikelets 14"-1" long, the latter nodding from a

short, recurved peduncle ; bract and bractlets about 1" long. — IIab. Dominica !, Imr.

** Stem reduced to the rosulate leaves : peduncles scapiform, bractcate , axillary.

29. T. axillaris, Gr. {n. sp). Leaves oblong, pointleted, slightly dilated at the base,
longer than the axillary scapes ; spike simple, compressed, distichous : bractlets approxi-
mate, oblong, pointed, keeled-conduplicate, exceeding the calyx ; sepals half as long as the
corolla, 2 united to t; petals naked, “purple” ( Fendl .) : spathulate limb exserted from the
bractlet, spreading ; anthers introrse, contiguous. — Leaves 1-14' long, 14"-2" broad ; scapes
several, incurved, 10"-12", spike 2", bractlets 10"'-8"', capsule 1" long. — LIab. Jamaica!,
Pd., on mountain-rocks, S. Andrews; [Venezuela!, Fendl)].

§ 2. Petals 2-scaled at the base, spreading at the summit, usually at length ringent-

dejlexed (Vriesea, Lindt).

30. T. glutinosa, Mart. Stout ; leaves oblong, acute, equal at the base, rosulate ;
spike divided at the base : branches long, ascending-erect : bractlets large, imbricate, dis-
tichous, much longer than their internodes, ovate-oblong, bluntish, convex on the back,
much exceeding the 3-leaved calyx ; petals spathulate-linear, spreading at the shortly ex-
serted summit, greenish, more than twice as long as the calyx, 2 -scaled at the base -., scales
oblong-lanceolate; anthers incumbent, introrse ; [capsule half as long as the bractlet, ex-
ceeding the calyx]. — Vriesea, Lindl. !. — V. conferta, Gaudich. ( Boniie , t. 65) : the figure
only distinguished by mucronate leaves ; and T. splendens, Brongn. {Ft. des Serves, ii . May,
f. 4) : distinguished by a simple spike. — Leaves 2'-2£' long, 2-\" broad ; spikes about 1',
bracts and bractlets 2 ", calyx 1", slender corolla about 27"', its scales 3"' long ; ovary su-
perior, but supported by a thickish pedicel with soft pith ; the capsuliferous specimen (from
Venezuela) is not quite certain : its bractlets more acuminate, about 3", calyx 9'", capsule
1 4” long. — Hab. Trinidad !, Cr., Maraccns Waterfall ; [Venezuela!, Brazil],

Sect. 3. Anoplophytum, Beer. — Spike '•b-5-stichous. Petals naked within, spreading

598

BROMELIACEiE.

above. Stamens included : anthers erect. Stigmas spreading. — Stem low, densely leafy
below, bracteate above ; leaves lepidote, linear-acuminate, channelled.

31. T. pulchella, Hook. Stem incurved at the base : naked summit as long as the
leaves; leaves imbricate, linear-acuminate from the gradually dilated base, erect-spreading,
channelled, lepidote, at length greenish ; spike few-8-llowered : bractlets somewhat distant,
oblong-lanceolate, membranaceous, usually with a foliaceous point, rosy ; sepals two-thirds
as long as the spathulate-linear, white petals : 2 united to ir, keeled ; filaments unequal,
straightish ; capsule equalling the calyx: seeds devoid of a pappus. — Bot. Mag. t. 5229. —
T. pityphylla, Mart. {ex. descr.). — 4"-8" high, often branched below; leaves 4"-3" long,
2'" broad at the base, lowest disappearing before anthesis ; bractlets (except the setaceous
summit) 6'"-8'", calyx 5"'-6'" long. — Hab. Trinidad (Sch.) ; [Cuba ! ; Venezuela !, Guiaual,
on tree-branebes, Brazil].

Sect. 4. Diapiiorakthema, Beer. — Spike distichous: peduncles naked, few-\-flowered.
Petals naked within, spreading above the calyx. Stamens included: filaments straight :
anthers erect, introrse. Stigma obsoletely f-lobed : style short. — Stems low, leafy ;
leaves lepidote, distichous.

32. T. recurvata, L. Stems ctespitose ; leaves filiform, recurved: scaly down spread-
ing ; peduncles axillary, or terminal, subsolitary, exserted, 2(-5)-flowered ; spike included
by a sheathing bract, each flower by a bractlet, superior somewhat distant; calyx 3-leaved,
f as long as the blue corolla ; capsule more than twice as long as the calyx : endocarp
brown, submembranaceous. — SI. t. 121. f. 1. — About Q>" high; leaves 2"~S", bract 5"'-6"',
capsule 1" long. — Hab. Bahamas; Jamaica !, At., Wils. ; Antigua!, Wullschl.; [Southern
United States 1, and Cuba ! to Buenos Ayres !].

Sect. 5. Stkepsis, Nutt. — Peduncles naked, lateral, 1 -flowered. Petals, stamens, and
short style of Uiaphoranthema, but stigmas 3, spreading, capitate at the summit, and,
ovary-cells few-ovulate. — Steins filiform, hanging, flexuose, branched, leafy ; leaves lepi-
dote, alternate ; peduncles solitary.

33. T. usneoides, L. Whitish-lepidote from spreading, scaly down ; branches long,
interwoven ; leaves filiform, spreading-recurved ; peduncles shorter than the leaves : branch
and 2 branchlets at their summit filiform, the former as long as the calyx, the latter exceeded
by it ; petals “ purple,” spathulate, half as long again as the 3-leaved calyx ; capsule about
thrice as long as the calyx : endocarp purplish-brown, chartaceous.— SI. t. 122./. 2, 3.- —
l'-4' long; leaves l"-2", capsule 8"' long : seeds 9-18.— Hab. Jamaica!, At., Wullschl.;
Antigua!, Wullschl., hanging from trees ; [United States ! to Uruguay ! and Chili!].

10. GUZMANIA, 11. P.

Character of Tillandsia, but anthers cohering. — Habit of Vriesea, but spike pluriserial-
imbricate.

34. G. tricolor, if. P. Leaves oblong, acute, slightly dilated at the base, devoid of
scaly down, most rosulate, erect, about as long as the central, bracteate stem ; bractlets
ovate, pointed, including the flower, variegated, uppermost red; sepals 3, veutricose-ovate,
blunt, convolute, two-thirds as long as the white corolla, half as long as the capsule; ex-
serted part of the connivent petals ovate, blunt.— if. P. Peruv t. 261 ; Bot. Mag. t. 5220.
— T comosa, Bert. — 1' high ; leaves 1" broad ; bractlets 16"'-12"', calyx 8 long.— Hab.
Jamaica !, Pd., At., Wullschl., March, on rocks, S. Andrews ; [Cuba ! to Portonco ; \ e-
nezuela ! to Peru].

11. CARAGUATA, Plum.

Character of Tillandsia, but corolla sympetalous, and stamens inserted into the throat of
its cylindrical tube.— Stem simple, leafy below; leaves broad, pointed, devoid of scaly
down ; bracts pluriserial-imbricate.

35 C. lingulata, Lindt. Leaves oblong, mucronate-poinlleted, dilated at the base, as
Ions as or longer than the stem ; flowers in a terminal head, yellow, exceeded by ovate-
oblong somewhat rosulate, foliaceous, red bracts ; sepals lanceolate-acuminate, half ns long

MUSACE/E.

599

as the tubular corolla. — St. t. 120 ; Jacq. Amer. 'Piet. t. 92. — Tillandsia, L. — Leaves
long, broad, exterior bracts 3"-2", flowers about 1£H long.- — Hab. Jamaica!,

. Wullschl., on trees ; [Cuba! to Guiana!].

C. serrata, Schult. (Tillandsia, L.), a doubtful Jamaica plant, is evidently no congener,
but from Plum. Pd. Burnt, t. 75./. 1, may be one of our Ananassece.

12. CATOPSIS, Or.

(Tussaria, Kl., non Reichenb.)

Character of Tillandsia , but stigmas subsessile, funiculi incurved, dissolved into flexnose
hairs from the base upwards, pappus spreading from the hilum, and pendulous seeds termi-
nated with a blunt coma. — Habit of Tillandsia ; flowers pluriserial, in lax spikes ; stamens
included: anthers oval.

36. C. nutans, Gr. Leaves ovate-lanceolate, narrowly acuminate , ventricose at the
base, dotted, most rosulate ; spikes slender, distant in a loose, simply branched panicle :
bractlets about as long as their internodes ; sepals 3, spathulate, half as long again as the
bractlet ; petals spathulate, subincluded, “ white ; ” capsule twice-thrice as long as the ca-
lyx ; pappus rusty-whitish. — Tillandsia, Sw. T. Berteroana, Schult. — 1/-2' high, usually
nodding; leaves 6"-10" long, 1/-1" broad; sepals 2'" long. — Hab. Jamaica!, Pd.,
Wullschl., on trees; Antigua!, Wullschl., Dominica!, Imr. ; [Cuba!, Haiti].

37- C. nitida, Gr. Leaves oblong, mucronate-rounded at the top, slightly dilated at
the base, devoid of scaly down, shining-green, all rosulate ; spike simple, or simply branched,
slender, nodding : bractlets ovate, bluntish, as long as their internodes ; sepals 3, elliptical,
a little longer than the bractlet ; petals “ whitish,” subincluded ; capsule twice as long as the
calyx; pappus rusty- whitish. — Tillandsia, Hook.! Tussaria, Beer. — 6"- 18" high; leaves
8"-4" long, 12’"-8'" broad; sepals 2"'-4'" long. — Hab. Jamaica!, Pd., Wils., on trees,
summit of Dolphin’s peak ; [Cuba!, Guadeloupe!; Guiana!].

CXLV. MUSACE2E.

Perigone coloured, unequal, 2-seriate : each series of 3 divisions. Stamens 6, one (-seve-
ral) sterile, or abortive. Ovary inferior, 3-celled. Embryo axile, in amylaceous perisperm.
— Herbs, often arborescent, simple ; leaf-blade entire, costate.

The Banana ( Musa sapientum) and the Plantain ( M . paradisiaca ) are known as most
valuable tropical plants, for the abundance of nutritive food afforded by this fruit, The
large leaves of Musa are used for thatching, and all Musacece are fibre-plants.

1. MUSA, L.

Perigone 2-lipped: exterior and inferior lip 5(-3)-lobed at the summit, interior and su-
perior (labellum) smaller, entire. Superior stamen abortive. Ovary-cells many-ovulate.
Pericarp baccate. — Arborescent herbs ; leaves rosulate at the summit of the stem ; flowers
often unisexual, ebracteolate-glomeraie in the axils of large brads ( the spathes), the glo-
merules spicate along a long axis ( the spadix).

1*. M. paradisiaca, L. Stem green ; kc aves oblong; spadix nodding : fruits ascend-
ing, long-subcylindrical, incurved.— 'Puss. FI. 1. i. 1. 2.— Fruit 1' long. — IIab. Naturalized
and cultivated, e.y. Jamaica!, Wils. ; [all tropical countries],

2*. M. sapientum, L. Stem “ purple-spotted leaves oblong; spadix nodding:
fruits obliquely elliptical-oblong (5"-6" long).— Hab. Naturalized and cultivated, e.g. An-
tigua!, Wullschl.; [all tropical countries].

2. IIELICONIA, L.

Perigone 2-lipped : superior lip terminated with 2-seriate, 5—3 teeth or lobes, inferior
and exterior as long, entire. Inferior stamen sterile. Ovary-cells 1-ovulate. Capsule
drupaceous, 3-coccous. Stem sheathed, by the base of the petioles ; flowers bracteolate,
glomerate or fascicled in the axils of distichous bracts.

600

SCITAMINE/E.

* Bracts large , adnate at the base, spreading, subequal: flowers glomerate-spicate.

3. H. Bihai, L., Sw. ( non Jacq.). Scape about as long as the petioles; leaves oblong,
pointleted, subacute at the base ; bracts large, 6-10, conduplicate-subulate, adnate-clasping
at the base, spreading, much longer than the included, glomerate-spicate flowers ; superior
lip 5 -dentate. — Sw. Obs. t. 5./. 2. : analyt., iu b. and c. the cohering rows of the superior
lip are separated. — II. luteofusca, Jacq. II. humilis, Jacq. ( Sc/uenbr , i. t. 48, 49) : appa-
rently a low form with red bracts, agreeing at least iu structure. 51— I2f high; iuteiior
bracts 8" long, brown or purple with a yellow margin ; flowers 2" long.— IIab. Jamaica
(Sw.), in moist mountain-woods ; Trinidad !, Pd. ; [Cuba 1 to Guiana 1 ; Peru !].

[H. caribaea, Lam. “ Scape about as long as the petioles ; leaves oblong, rounded at
both ends ; bracts large, 6-10, conduplicate-subulate, adnate-clasping at the base, spread-
ing, longer than the included, glomerate-spicate flowers ; superior lip 3-dentate. —Plum.
Ed. Bunn. t. 59. Besc. FI. 4. t. 260. llich. Musac. t. 8. Sr 10. super. H. Bihai, Jacq.,
Rich. — Hab. Martinique ( Jacq.)f\

** Bracts sessile, inferior gradually larger : flowers fascicled.

4 H pulverulenta, Lindl. Stem leaved below; leaves ovate-oblong, pointleted,
rounded or subcordate at the base, “powdery beneath” or glabrate: petiole sheathing be-
low bracts 3-5, oblong-lanceolate, ascending-erect, conduplicate-claspmg at the base,
much longer than the fascicle of flowers, lowest as long as the inflorescence.— Bat. Mag.
t. 4685.— 3'-6' high; leaves 8" long; bracts red, lowest 5" long; flowers greenish.— Gab.
Dominica (Hook) ; Trinidad !, Pd., in woods, Arima ; [Brazil].

5 H psittacorum, L. Stem leaved ; leaves obloug, or oblong-lanceolate, shortly and

narrowly acuminate, rounded or bluntish at the base: petiole sheathing from below the sum-
mit • bracts 3-6, lanceolate, spr ending -erect, concave at the base, not much longer than the
fascicle of flowers, lowest as long as the inflorescence -pedicels glabrous; supenor lip 3-
dentat e.-Bot. Mag. t. 502. Rich. Musac. t. 9 10 mf. II. cannoides, Rich . TL Swart-

ziana R. S. — 2'-4' (-8') high; leaves 6"-12" long; bracts reddish, lowest 2 2 3 long,

flowers reddish-yellow, black at the point, 12"'-15"' long.— Hab. Jamaica ., Pd. ; S. Kit s. ;
Trinidad!, Pd.; [Venezuela to Brazil].

6 K. hirsuta, L. fil. Stem leaved ; leaves oblong, or oblong-lanceolate, acuminate,
blunt or bluntish at the base : petiole sheathing from near the summit ; bracts 5 1-,, lanceo-
late-linear spreading, concave at the base, most about twice as long as the fascicle of flowers,
lowest as long as the inflexed-ascendiug inflorescence : pedicels and flowers villous o> pubes-
cent superior lip 5 -3-dentate. — H. dasyantha, C. Kch. (ex deserf H. acuminata Kappl.
Surin (non Rich). II. psittacorum, Seem. Panam.— Habit ot the preceding and of II.
Senate Ri -the latter has petioles sheathing only below, and a glabrous inflorescence ;
“w73V'-5'' long. — Hab. S. Vincent !, Guild. ; [Panama !, Venezuela !, Guiana !].

CXLVI. SCITAMINEiE.

Periaone coloured, 2-scriate (calyx and corolla), each of 3 divisions. Fertile stamen 1,
inserted with the stamiuodia into the corolla-throat. Ovary inferior, compound, usually 3
Id Si Sea within amylaceous perisperm, free at the point ot the radicle.-

Starch, called Arrow-root, is obtained from Mai ant a.

m T 7TrcrTTiFR /tf'Ji/F Calvx tubular. Anther of 2 distinct cells, embracing the

r,uU s"° *

ent. ’ Petiole ligulaie, devoid of a terminal knob.

1. RENEALMIA, L.fil.

SCITAMIN'EiE.

001

very shovt. Stigma subemargiuate. Capsule pulpy, many (-several) -seeded, irregularly
loeulicide. — Rhizoma creeping; flowers in a terminal raceme, supported by a tubular, or
sheathing bractlet.

* Scape lateral , at the base of the sterile stem.

1. R. sylvestris, Or. Scape radical, glabrous ; leaves lanceolate-oblong, pointed :
petiole produced beyond the ligule; raceme dense, spiciform : bracts 1-flowered, oblong,
blunt, or bluntish, about as long as the shortly pedicellate, yellow flower : tubular bractlet
obliquely truncate, half as long as the 3-dentate calyx ; corolla-lobes obovate, shorter than
the tube: labellum shortly exserted, broadly obovate, entire, ciliate ; filament as broad as
the anther ; capsule ovoid. — SI. t. 105./. 2. — Amomum, Sw.l — Scape l'-li', sterile stem
4'-8' high ; leaves 2f-V, coloured bracts about If, pedicels V"-2'", calyx 1" long. — Hab.
Jamaica 1, Sic., Pd., Al., Wullschl., in moist woods, S. Georges, Manchester.

2. R. bracteosa, Or. (n. sp.). Scape radical, pubescent ; leaves large, oblong, mu-
cronate, tapering toward the ligule ; raceme lax : bracts 1-flowered, lanceolate-linear, twice
as long as the floicer, superior decrescent : tubular bractlet ventricose, broadly and shortly
2-fid, much longer than the pedicel, about as long as the broadly 3-dentate calyx, pubescent ;
corolla-lobes oblong-oval, shorter than the tube : labellum subincluded, entire ; filament
narroicer than the anther ; capsule ovoid. — R. spec., Rose. : his characters given at (.he end
of the description of it. exallata, L., agree perfectly. — Scape If -2' high ; leaves 3,-4' long,
6" broad ; inferior bracts 3f-2f, pedicels 3'", calyx 10"'-12'" long. — Hab. Dominica !,
Imr. ; [Guadeloupe!].

3. R. occidentalis, Or. Scape radical, hispidulous-pubescent chiefly at the rhachis and
at the pedicels ; leaves lanceolate-oblong, mucronate-acuminate, narrowly tapering toward the
ligule ; raceme long, usually compound with short branches : bracts lanceolate, deciduous,
inferior, many-2-floioered, longer than the flowers, superior decrescent : tubular bractlet ob-
liquely truncate, blunt, little exceeded by the calyx, about twice as long as the pedicels ;
calyx ventricose, 3-fid : lobes oval, blunt; corolla-lobes obovate, as long as their slender
tube ; “ labellum exserted, emarginate ;” capsule ovoid. — Alpiuia, Sw. A. jamaicensis,
Garin, t. 12. sec. Sic. — Scape 1 f-3' high, sterile stems much higher; leaves 2-1' long,
4f-2" broad ; lowest bracts If, pedicels 2"', calyx 4",-5"' long, “ the latter purpurascent ;
corolla yellow.”

a. Raceme compound : most branches many-flowered ; pedicels upward one-sided. — Habit
of R. aromatica (Alpiuia, Jacq. Fragm. 1. 74, 75) of Haiti, said to have globose capsules :
both are confounded by Roscoe.

/3. Faro secora (Alpinia, Jacq. Fragm. t. 76). Raceme simple: most bracts 1-fiowered,
lowest 2-flowered. — Perhaps a distinct species.

Hab. Jamaica !, Wils., March (13) ; S. Vincent !, Guild, (a, /3, Jacq.) ; [Cuba ! (a), Gua-
deloupe! (a) ; Panama!, New Granada!].

** Raceme terminal; labellum 3-lobed.

4. R. racemosa, Rose. Leaves lanceolate-oblong, shortly acuminate : petiole shortly
produced beyond the ligule; raceme terminal, lax, exceeded by the uppermost leaves:
rhachis and pedicels glabrous ; bracts 3-1-flowered, most (except the lowest) exceeded by
the flowers, lanceolate-linear, bluntish ; calyx shortly 3-dentate, twice as long as the ob-
liquely truncate, tubular bractlet ; corolla-lobes spathulate, as long as the tube : labellum

obovate-3-lobed ; filament shortly filiform; capsule ovoid-globose. — SI. t. 105. /. 1.

Alpinia, Sic., L. (ex parte). A. antiliana, R. S. — Stem 2'-3' high ; leaves 8"-10" long, 2"
broad ; bracts “ red,” lowest 1 ", pedicels 2'", calyx 5'" long ; corolla white. — Hab. Jamaica !,
all coll., in moist woods ; [Cuba ! and Mexico ! to Peru !]

5. R. caribaea, Gr. Leaves broadly lanceolate-oblong, pointed, tapering as far as to
the ligule ; raceme terminal, lax, exceeded by the uppermost leaves: rhachis and pedicels
pubescent ; bracts 3-1-flowered, oblong-linear, bluntish ; calyx clavate, bluntly 3-cl utate,
about as long as the common, distant, sheathing bractlet ; corolla-lobes spathulate : labellum
obovate-3-lobed ; filament shortly filiform; capsule ovoid.— Plum. Ed. Burm. t. 20.
Garin. Fruct. i. 12 : the capsule. — Alpinia, Garin. A. racemosa, R. S. (ex parte). —
Leaves li'-l long, 4”-3" broad ; inferior bracts 2"-lJ", calyx 8"', capsule O'" long.— Hab.
Dominica !, Imr.

C02

SC IT AMINE J5.

2*. ZINGIBER, 0.

Character of Reneahnia, but filament long, and connective produced beyond the anther-
cells into a linear, grooved, terminal appendage. — Root tuberous ; flowers in dense, short
spikes : bracts 1 -flowered.

6*. Z. officinale, Rose. Scape radical, half or one-third as long as the sterile stem ; leaves
linear-lanceolate, acuminate, tapering towards the 2-lobed ligule; bracts imbricate, ovate-
roundish, blunt, membranaceous ; " corolla-lobes pale-yellow, lanceolate : labellum dark-blue
and variegated, 3-lobed: middle lobe broad, emarginate, lateral short, narrow.” — Rose.
Monandr. t. 83.— Scape l'-lj' high; leaves 8"-12" long, 8"'-12'" broad; spike ovoid,
] i"_2", bracts 10'"-12'" long. — Hau. Naturalized and cultivated in Jamaica [and Cuba!,
introduced from East Indies].

3. COSTUS, L.

Corolla and labellum of Reneahnia. Stamen petaloid, spathulate : anther-cells adnate to
its inner side. Stigma dorsally 2-corniculate. Capsule “ pulpy, loculicide, many-seeded.”
—Stem leafy, thickish, trailing ; leaves supported by a tubular ochrea ; spike dense, mostly
terminal, usually supported by the uppermost leaves ; bracts broad, \-flowered.

7. C. spicatus, Sto. Leaves elliptical, or elliptical-oblong, pointed; spike ovate:
bracts imbricate, broadly ovate, pointed, striate, keeled above, red-coloured (except at the
margin) • corolla yellow, labellum exserted, shortly Globed, recurved .—Jacq. Amer. Piet
t. 1 Rose. Monandr. t. 77-— Alpinia, Jacq.— 1'-6' high ; bracts 1", flowers about 2,
long.

a. Wholly glabrous. _ ... . . ,

/3. pubescens. Leaves pubescent, chiefly beneath : ochrea ciliate. — C. villosissimus, Jacq.

(Fragm. t. 80) : a still more pubescent form. ,

Hab. Jamaica (Sw.) ; S. Kitts, Grenada, S. Vincent, Guild. (0) ; Trinidad (Crueg.) ;

[French islands (Jacq.) to Brazil] .

8. C. glabratus, Sto. Leaves elliptical-oblong, or lanceolate-oblong, pointed, glabrous ;
spike ovate-oblong : bracts imbricate, ovate-roundish, with a, bluntish point, striate, green,
inferior terminated by afoliaceous appendage ; corolla white, with a yellow blotch ; label-
lum exserted, “ undulate, narrow.”- C. arabicus, Ait. C. mveopurpureus Jacq. (Fragm
t 79) is probably a form of our species (“ corolla white, with a violet tinge, labellum lacei ate
at the summit”)’. — l-?'-5' high ; bracts 1'' diam., flowers 2"-3 long.— LIab. S. Lucia (Sw.),
in moist woods ; [Llaiti !, French islands ! ; Guiana].

9 C spiralis Rose. “ Leaves oblong-obovate, or lanceolate-oblong, pointed ; spike
ovoid: bracts imbricate, ovate-roundish, obtusate, red; corolla red ; labellum about as
long as the superior petal, exceeding the stamen, entire, straight. Jacq. H. Schoenbr. 1.

t" J^Xuini ^“Leaves oblong-obovate, pointleted : ochrea often ciliate ; bracts ciliate ;

corolla red with a yellow tinge.”— “ 3'-4' high ; spike 2" long.”

[/3. Pisonis, Lindl. “Leaves elliptical, cuspidate, glabrous; bracts glabrous; corolla

Roscoei. “Leaves lanceolate-oblong, pointed, glabrous; bracts glabrous; corolla red.

— Rose. Monandr. t. 79.

LIab. S. Vincent (Jacq. a) ; Trinidad (Rose, y) ; [BrazilJ.

10 C. cylindricus, Jacq. Leaves lanceolate- or obovate-oblong, pointed ; spike cylin-
drical ■ bracts densely imbricate, broader than long, broadly rounded, striate, red ; corolla
“yellow or red ;” labellum about as long ns the stamen, entire, straight. Jacq.

77 Rose Monandr. t. 78.— C. Auachiri, Jacq. (Fragm. t. 78) : probably a stout foim <
the same with variegated, red and yellow flowers. C ciliatus, Mu,. ! : a form with pubes-
cent ochrea; corresponding with ltoscoe’s figure.— 6 high and more ^ spike 4 0 ong,

biunt • corolla H" long, “ yellow (Rose.), variegated (Jacq.), or red (Kegel) : Plunner
Sod the flowers of his Martinique plant to be blue, but he saw them only in a withered
£e-IAB S Vincent (C. Anachiri, Jacq.) ; Trinidad (C. cylindricus, Rose.); [Mar-
tinique (C. cylindricus, Jacq.) ; Guiana!].

SCITAMINEiE.

no3

Tribe II. CANNA CBJE. — Calyx-tube not produced beyond the ovary. Anther \-celled,

marginal on a lateral , petaloid filament : staminodia several. Sac of the embryo dis-
appearing.— No ligule.

4. CANNA, L.

Corolla infundibular. Petaloid staminodia : one exterior, alternate to the corolla,
(rarely 2-partite, or replaced by 2, or wanting : the upper lip, comprising one of the interior
staminodia), two interior, one of the latter 2-partite (or replaced by 2), or undivided,
inserted into the corolla-throat, the other (the labellum, or lower lip) recurved. Stamen.
recurved : anther half-adnate. Style spathulate-linear, flattish : stigma truncate. Capsule
warty, loculiqide, many-seeded : seeds subglobose : embryo straight. — Leaves devoid of a
petiolar knob ; flowers usually geminate, in a terminal raceme or corymb .

* Flowers red or variegated with yellow.

11. C. in die a, L., Ait. Leaves ovate, or ovate-oblong, pointed ; segments of the upper
lip entire at the top, subequal, lanceolate, erect : one of the 2 leaflets 2-partite : lower lip
entire. — Rose. Monandr. t. 1 . — 3-4' high ; flowers red, variegated with yellow, about 2"
long. — Hab. Jamaica \, March; [Cuba ! to Venezuela !].

12. C. L amber ti, Lindl. Leaves elliptical, or elliptical-oblong, pointleted, tapering
into the sheath ; segments of the upper lip entire at the top, erect : one of the 2 leaflets
2-partite: lateral divisions obovate-spathulate,the middle segment (“sometimes wanting”)
and lower lip lanceolate, the latter revolute, entire. — Rose. Monandr. t. 2. — -12-14' high ;
flowers crimson, not variegated, about 3" long. — Hab. Dominica !, Imr. ; Trinidad (Rose.) ;
[Guiana].

13. C. coccinea , Ait. Leaves ovate, or ovate-oblong, mucronate ; larger segments of
the upper lip emarginate, lanceolate, unequal, erect : the middle segment smaller, linear,
(or wanting) : lower lip linear, emarginate. — Rose. Monandr. 1. 11. — C. occidentals, Rose. :
a broad-leaved form. C. suriuamensis, Miq. ! — 4'-6' high ; flowers about 2%" long, red,
lower lip variegated with yellow. — Hab. Jamaica \, March; S. Kitts !, Antigua !, Widlschl.,
S. Vincent!, Guild. ; [Guiana!].

14. C. edulis, Ker. “ Leaves ovate, or ovate-oblong, mucronate, contracted into
the sheath ; segments of the upper lip subequal, lanceolate, entire at the top, erect : lower
lip linear, emarginate.”— Rose. Monandr. t. 5. — C. discolor, Lindl. (Rot. Reg. t. 1231) :
a form with purple-stained leaves. — “ 8-12' high, tuberous ; longer pedicels 2-bracteolate
below the ovary ; corolla red, 3” long.” — Hab. Trinidad (Lindl) ; [Brazil, Peru],

** Flowers yellow.

15. C. pallida, Rose. Leaves ovate-oblong, or oblong, bluntish, or mucronate: sheath
puberulous or glabrescent ; staminodia lanceolate, emarginate : upper lip erect, its 2 leaf-
lets equal, mostly undivided. — Rose. Monandr. t. 19, 20. — C. maculata, Lk. : a broad-
leaved form. C. Buckei, Weinm. ? — 2i'-4 ' high ; flowers 2" loug, yellow, lower lip with
orange spots. — Hab. Jamaica !, March; S. Kitts, Els., Barbadoes ^ffiosc.).

16. C. glauca, L. Leaves large, elliptical-lanceolate, acuminate, long-tapering into the
sheath, glaucous ; segments of the tipper lip obovate-spathulate, equal, entire, ascending :
one of the 2 leaflets 2-partite : lower lip oblong-linear, emarginate. — Rose. Monandr. t. 7.
—6' high ; flowers yellow, not variegated, 3" long. — Hab. Jamaica !, March ; Trinidad !,
Cr.; [Guiana!].

5. CALATI1EA, Mey.

(Phry ilium, Puepp., Endl., non Kornick.)

Corolla-tube filiform : limb spreading. Petaloid staminodia : one exterior, alternate to
the corolla (lower lip, or labellum, rarely wanting) ; two interior, opposite it, irregular
(upper lip) : one ot them adhering to the stamen by a callous appendage, the other cucullate,
including the style. Stamen petaloid : “ anther half-adnate.” Style incurved : stigma round,
shortly appcndiculatc. Capsule 3-sceded : seeds cylindrical : embryo curved. — Leaves with
a cylindrical knob at the top of the petiole ; flowers in spikes or heads.

2 ii

604

SCITAMINEiE.

C. strobilifem, Miq., having a ligule and no petiolar knob, is a Zingiberacea, probably a
Renealmia (Alpinia strobilifera, Pospp., Fndl).

§1. Spike compressed-cylindrical : bracts distichous-imbricate, complicate, convex on the
back, rigidly chartaceous. — Spikes bursting from the leaf-sbeatbs at the summit of a naked
stem. ( Eucalatliea , Kornick.)

17. C. discolor, Meg. ! Glabrous, stout ; stem 1-few-leaved at the inflorescence, •
naked below it ; leaves large, oblong, or oval, blunt, powdery beneath ; spikes axillary,
single or geminate at the top of several, fascicled peduncles ; bracts large, roundish-sub-
truncate, half as long as the yellow flower; lower lip obcordate. — Rose. Monandr. t. 43.
Jacq. Fragm. t. 69, 70 {inclus. 1. 63,/. 4, 64./. 3).— Maranta Cackibou, Jacq. { Calathea ,
Lindl.) : identical with Meyer’s specimen and Roscoe’s figure. M. Casupo, Jacq. {Phrynium,
Rose.). M. Casupito, Jacq. { Calathea , Mey.). M. lutea, Lam. { non Jacq.). C. lutea,
Meg. — 12'-14' high ; leaves 2'-5' (-1'), spikes 4"-6" long, the latter H"-2'r broad; bracts
about 1/ diam. ; corolla-tube 1J", limb 1" long.— Hab. Dominica !, Imr., uncommon in
woods ; Trinidad {Rose.) ; [Guiana !, Venezuela, New Granada],

§ 2. Heads peduncled, bursting from a leaf -sheath bracts herbaceous, or membranaceous,
imbricated all round. (Myrosma, L., Pseudopkrynium, Kornick., Thalianthus, Kl.)

18. C. myrosma, Lindl. Stem puberulous above or glabrescent ; leaves alternate,
elliptical-oblong or oblong-lanceolate, pointed : knob short, villous-pubescent ; peduncles
nodding from the uppermost leaf-sheath, single or geminate, as long as the ovoid-oblong
head ; bracts trapezoid, half as long as the white flower ; lower lip “ obovate.”— Rose. Mon-
andr. t. 39.— Phrynium, Rose. Myrosma cannsefolium, L. — 1'-2' high ; leaves S -5 ,
heads 1", inferior bracts 6"' long. — Hab. S. Vincent !, Guild. ; [Guiana !, Brazil !].

19. C. Allouya, Lindl. Stem puberulous above or glabrescent, naked, except at the
base and summit; leaves several , fascicled at the origin of the peduncle, obliquely elliptical,
pointed : knob pubescent ; peduncle suberect, single from one of the uppermost leaf-sheaths,
longer than the ovoid head ; bracts elliptical, bluntish, more than half as long as the white
flower, lowest larger, elliptical-roundish; lower lip “deeply 2-fid.” — Jacq. Fragm. t. 71-
Rose. Monandr. t. 38. Desc. FI. t. 26.— Maranta, Jacq. Phrynium, Rose.—' Tubers
“ globose, stipitate ;” stem 2'-3', leaves 2'-6" long : petioles as long as the blade ; pedun-
cles 3", heads l/'-2", inferior bracts 1", flowers about lj" long. — Hab. Dominica.,
Lmr., S. Vincent!, Guild. ; [Haiti to Guiana].

§ 3. Scape terminated by a dense head : bracts herbaceous, imbricated all round.

20 C comosa , Lindl. “Glabrous; scape terminated by a subg/obose head; leaves
large,' elliptical, long-petioled ; bracts oblong-lanceolate, acuminate, inferior recurved, equal-
ling the corolla-tube; flowers yellow; lower lip 2-lobed. Rose. -Monandr. t. 35. 1 a-

ranta, L. Phrynium, Rosc.—“ 3' high ; leaves 2' long ; head 4 diam. ; bracts l-2- long ;
corolla-limb half as long as the tube.”— Hab. Trinidad {Rose.) ; [Guiana].

6. ISCHNOSIPHON, Kornick.

(Calathea, Pcepp., Endl., non Miq)

Character of Calathea, but anther nearly free (except at the oblique base), 2 ovary -cells
sterile the third 1-ovulate, and capsule “ dehiscent at the summit. -Leaves of the V est
Indian species with a curved midrib at the oblique apex ; petiolar knob cyhndr ical ; spikes
slender : flowers involute by rigid chartaceous bracts and several braettets.

21 I Parkeri, Korn. Scape pubescent, terminated by a compound, dense spike ; leaves
oblong obliquely pointed, glabrous : midrib curved at the apex : petiolar knob villous at the
annulate basB ; Ipilce oblong-lanceolate-, lower branches often distant, erect : bracts oblong-
lanceolate imbricate, the common ones sub-1-stichous, special distichous much longe than
their internodes innermost bractlet membranaceous ; corolla yellow : tube thrice as long .

h^XSi ^ovate.-^,, Monandr. t, 42.-Pl,ry..ium, Rose. Maranta nchnocaula,
£ /-Scape several feet high ; leaves 1 5"-12" long, 6"-5" broad, long-pet.olcd; me-
mo* spike 3"-S", bracts about 1" long.— IIab. Trinidad!, Cr. ; [Guiana !, equal. BiazilJ.

BUIlMANNIACEiE.

605

22. I. Arouma, Kiirn. Stem arundinaceous, terminated by several rosulate leaves ;
leaves ovate-oblong, obliquely pointed, glabrous : midrib curved at the apex : petiole about
as long as the sheath, pubescent at the thickish base of the knob ; spikes long, slender,
cylindrical, fascicled, unequal, bursting from a leaf-sheath : bracts elliptical-lanceolate, or
oblong-linear, bluntish, little longer than their internodes, forming a distichous cylinder
around the flowers ; corolla reddish : tube thrice as long as the limb : lower lip spathulate.
— Jacq. Fragm. t. 73. Rudy. Guian. t. 37- — Maranta, Jacq. M. juncea, Lam. M. pe-
tiolata, lludg. — 6'— 10' high ; leaves V long, 8"-6" broad, as long as the petiole ; spikes
6"- 12", bracts about 1" long, lowest longer. — Hab. Triuidad !, Or., in the northern hills ;
[French islands ! ; Guiana !, Brazil !].

7. MARANTA, L.

Corolla-tube obliquely tubular : limb spreading. Fetaloid staminodia : two exterior

(upper lip), two interior (lower lip), as in Calathea. Anther free from the petaloid fila-

ment. Ovary l-ovula(e by abortion : style incurved : stigma “ 3-angular.” Capsule mem-
branaceous : seed ovoid-oblong, tubercled : embryo curved. — Leaves with a cylindrical knob
between the blade and the sheath, alternate ; inflorescence terminal.

23. M. arundinacea, L. Tuberous, herbaceous, branched; leaves ovate-oblong,
pointed, pubeni/ous ; inflorescence loose, spreading : bracts distantly distichous, deciduous ;
corolla white : tube equalling the calyx, clavate, about twice as long as the lobes ; leaflets
of the upper lip exserted, exceeding the lateral staminodia, obovate-roundish. — SI. t. 149.

2 : a leaf. Rose. Monandr. t. 25. — 4-5' high ; corolla-tube 6'" long.— Hab. Jamaica ! ;
[Haiti ! and Mexico ! to Brazil !].

24. M. indica, Tuss. Tuberous, herbaceous, branched ; leaves oblong, sharply acumi-
nate, glabrous (except “ along the midrib ” aud at the petiolar knob) : sheath glabrous ;
inflorescence few-flowered : bracts distantly distichous, deciduous ; corolla white: tube equal-
ling the calyx, clavate, about twice as long as the lobes; “ leaflets of the upper lip exserted,
about as long as one of the inner staminodia.” — Tuss. FI. 1. t. 26. JDesc. FI. 8. t. 549.
Rose. Monandr. t. 26. — 6' high ; corolla-tube 6'" long, staminodia as long. — Hab. S. Vin-
cent!, Guild., Barbadoes (Rose.) ; Triuidad (Rose.) ; [Mexico to Venezuela!].

25. M. g-ibba, Sm. Devoid of tubers, shrubby, dichotomous ; leaves ovate-oblong,
pointed, glabrous .- sheath glabrous ; inflorescence few-flowered : bracts distantly distichous ;
corolla, white ; tube twice as long as the calyx and the lobes, incurved-clavate ; “ leaflets of
the upper lip exserted, unequal, about as long as one of the inner staminodia.” — Rose. Mon-
andr. t. 29. — Corolla-tube 1" long, staminodia half as long. — Hab. Antigua !, Wullschl.,
Barbadoes (Rose.) ; [Mexico to Brazil].

26. M. Tonchat, Aubl. Shrubby, 3-2-chotomous, jointed at the nodes: branches
subcoinpressed, pubescent ; leaves ovate-oblong, pointed, oblique at the base, glabrous : sheath
pubescent; inflorescence loose : bracts distantly distichous ; corolla pale-blue : tube as long
as the calyx and the limb, campanulate-tubular. — Rose. Monandr. t. 30. Bot. Mag. t.
2398. — M. angustifolia, Sims. — Bracts shorter than in the 3 preceding species, most 6'" long,
corolla-tube as long. — Hab. Triuidad, Or.; [Venezuela, Guiaua, Brazil, Peru],

8. THALIA, L.

Corolla rotate. Fetaloid staminodia: one exterior, large, two interior, as in Cala-
thea. Anther free from the petaloid filament. Ovary 1-ovulate by abortion : style in-
curved : stigma long-appendiculate. Achenium utricular : seed ovoid, .smooth : embryo
curved. — Leaves with a cylindrical knob at the top of the petiole ; inflorescence terminal,
branched.

27. T. geniculata, I. Shrubby, jointed ; leaves large, gradually tapering from the
ovate base into the bluntish point, long-petioled ; panicle loose, composed of fle.euose,
jointed spikes ; bracts ovate-lanceolate, distichous, longer than the internodes, 2-ilowcrcd ;
corolla blue ; exterior stamiuodium roundish, exserted. — Rose. Monandr. t. 45. — 4 '-6' high ;
leaves l'-lV, bracts 6"'-8'" long; exterior staminodium 4'" diam., exserted. — Dab. Tri-
nidad!, Cr. ; [Cuba ! to Guiana ! and Brazil],

2 a 2

606

ORCHIDE2E.

CXLYII. BURMANNIACEtE.

Perigone coloured, of 3 exterior and 3(-0) interior divisions. Stamens 3 (-6), inserted
into the perigonial tube. Ovary inferior, syncarpous or paraearpous, many-ovulate. Em-
bryo undivided : no albumen. — Small herbs ; leaves minute or narrow.

1. BURMANNIA, L.

Perigone infundibular: interior lobes minute. Ovary 3-celled. Capsule usually 3-
winged, irregularly dehiscent by transverse slits between the angles.

1. B. capitata, Mart. Annual; stem filiform, simple, subuphyllous : scales distant,
lanceolate-acuminate ; flowers in a small terminal head ; perigonial tube 3-costale. — Mich.
FI. t. 3. — Tripterella, Mich. — 2"-8" high ; scales V"-2"', flowers 2"'-3'" long, the latter
“whitish.” — Has. Jamaica!, Wullschl. ; Trinidad!, Pd., Cr., in savannahs; [Carolina!
to Brazil!].

2. APTERIA, Nutt.

Perigone infundibular : lobes of unequal breadth. Stamens with a broad, obcordate,
dorsal appendage. Ovary 1-celled. Capsule medianicide at the summit. — A filiform, simple,
or few-branched annual ; leaves scale-lilce, distant, ovate-lanceolate, sheathing ; cyme race-
miform, one-sided or few-\-ftowered : flowers blue.

2. A. setacea, Nutt.— Hook. Ic. t. 660.— A. lilacina, Mrs. : a large-flowered form.
A. hymenanthera, Miq.— 2"-4" high ; perigone 4"' (-8"') long : lobes snbuniseriate, blunt-
ish, 3 linear, 3 deltoid. — Hab. Jamaica !, Pd., Wils., in high savannahs, Manchester ; Tri-
nidad!, Cr., among mosses, Tocuche, heights of Las Cuevas ; [Alabama! to equatorial
Brazil 1].

3. DICTYOSTEGA, Mrs.

Perigone urceolate : interior lobes smaller. Stamens devoid of dorsal appendages. Ovary
1-celled. Capsule medianicide. — Root-fibres with ciliate scales ; stem filiform ; leaves
scale-like ; flowers in a terminal cyme.

3. D. orobanchoides, Mrs. Stem erect, simple ; cyme 2-fid : branches racemiform :
pedicels nodding, alternating with the bracts ; ovary turbinate, ecostate ; capsule 3-valved.
—Hook. Ic. t. 254— Apteria, Hook.— 8"-12" high ; scales appressed-sheathing, ovate-ob-
long, superior distant ; perigone 1,,( long, white, deciduous : capsule as long. Hab. Trini-
dad !, Cr., at Aripo ; [Brazil].

CXLVIII. ORCHIDEiE.

Perigone coloured, of 3 exterior and 3 interior divisions : the third, interior (the lip or
labellum) difform. Stamens 1 (-2) , gynandrous (the combined sexual organs formiug the
column) : anther with definite pollinaria. Ovary inferior, mostly paraearpous : placentas 3,
many-ovulate. Pericarp capsular. Embryo undivided : no albumen. Pcreunial herbs,
often with tubers, the latter either above ground (aerial) or terrestrial; leaves entire; in-
florescence centripetal.

Vanilla is the aromatic fruit of the genus Vanilla.

Not having devoted a particular study to the tropical Orchids, I am glad to acknowledge
that the determination of the West Indian species, in most cases, is due to Dr. Lmdley (in
PI. Wright, and Herb. Hook.), Dr. G. Rcichenbnch (in my own collection), and Dr. Rrad-
ford who gave descriptions and sketches, drawn from the living plants in the island of Tri-
nidad, and communicated by Mr. Hance. The letters L. and R., added in parenthesis to
the names of species, refer to Dr. Bindley and Dr. Rcicheubach, having confirmed the de-
termination of the specimens.

Tribe I. MA LAXJD E/E. — Pollinaria wa-ry, devoid of stalks ( caudiculte). Anthers in
a special terminal cavity of the column (anther-bed or clinandrium), jointed at the base,

OltCHIDEiE.

G07

deciduous. — The West Indian genera are mostly aerial, i. e. either epiphytes or develop-
ing their roots abor e the ground, except the species of Liparis and Microslyhs.

1. PLEUROTHALLIS, R. Br.

Lip jointed with the column : perigonial divisions exterior lateral mostly cohering, at
least at the base. Column devoid of lateral appendages at the summit : pollinana 2, obovate-
globose. — Stem usually \-leaved, not produced beyond the leaf, except by peduncles or
scapes : no tubers ; flowers small, racemose or single.

§ 1. Stem with appressed, flaccid sheaths at its nodes: leaf distant from its base.

* Racemes manyfloioered.

1. P. univag-inata, Lindl. / Stem angular, longer than or as long as the leaf ; leaf ob-
long or elliptical-oblong, tapering into the petiole, about as long as the elongated, %—?>-nute
racemes ; perigonial divisions exterior lateral cohering at the base, oblong, twice as long
as the obovate-oblong, naked lip. — Stem 8,(— 12,;, leaf 6,,-10,,) flowers 4' 1 long. ITa.b.
Jamaica!, Lincll., Manchester; [Cuba !].

2. P. gelida, Lindl. “ Stem angular ; leaf oblong, petioled, about as long as the
geminate racemes ; perigonial divisions exterior lateral cohering to the middle', lipcu-
neate-oblong, 2-keeled at the middle.” — “Very like the last; P high. 11 ab. Jamaica!
{Lindl.).

3. P. Imrayi, Lindl. I Stem angular- striate, longer than the leaf ; leaf broadly
ovate or roundish ovate, twice as long as the fascicled racemes ; perigonial divisions ex-
terior lateral little cohering, oblong, interior half as long, obovate ; “ lip much smaller, longi-
tudinally 2-crested.” — About 1' high ; leaf 5"-4" long, 2i"-3|" broad ; flowers 3'" long,
gibbous at the base. — Hab. Dominica !, Imr.

4. P. floribunda, Lindl. ! Stem upwards 2-edged, twice-thrice as long as the leaf
leaf lanceolate, sessile, about as long as the flexuose, fascicled racemes : bracts spreading
tubular ; perigonial divisions nearly distinct, exterior oblong-lauceolate, half as long again
as the interior, the latter obovate, pointed, as long as the lip ; lip ovate, shortly 3-fid, 2-
crested : middle lobe longer, oblong, pointed. — Specklinia, Lindl. Dendrobium ophioglos-
soides, Sieb. Mart. 206. — 4 "-6" high; leaf 2" long, 4"' broad; flowers 2'" long, “yellow.”
— Hab. Dominica !, Imr. ; [Martinique !].

5. P. alpestris, Lindl. “Stem cylindrical, as long as or shorter than the leaf; leaf
ovate-lanceolate, shorter than the filiform, fascicled racemes ; perigonial divisions exterior
lanceolate, lateral cohering to the middle, interior much smaller, ovate, pointed ; lip minute,
ovate, blunt, concave.” — Sw. Adnot. t. 1. /. 5. — Dendrobium, Sw. — “ Stem 2", leaf 2"-3"
long; flowers small, greenish-yellow, with a deep-purple lip.” — Hab. Jamaica!, {Sw.), on
trees, in the highest mountains.

6. P. laxa, Lindl. “Stem cylindrical; leaf oblong , about as long as the filiform,
solitary or fascicled racemes ; perigonial divisions exterior ovate-lanceolate, lateral cohering
to the middle, interior one-third as long, linear, pointed ; lip ovate, recurved, channelled.”
— Dendrobium, Sw. — “Stem 2"-4'' high; flowers deep-purple.” — ITab. Jamaica {Sw.), on
rtees, in the highest mountains.

7. P. longissima, Lindl. Stem angular, as long as or twice as long as the leaf ; leaf
leatheiy, spathulale-oblong, sessile, much shorter than the elongated, single raceme : flowers
one-sided, greenish ; perigonial divisions oblong-lanceolate, exterior lateral cohering to or
to near the summit, interior little shorter (rarely half as long) ; lip half as long as the pe-
rigoue, oblong, blunt, recurved-asceuding above the cucullate base. — P. racemiflora, Lindl.
Orcli.l (exclus. synonym.). — lp-2' high; leaf 4"-6" long, V-lf1 broad; raceme pcduu-
cled, I'-l.j' loug, supported by an oblong sheath; flowers 4'" long. — Hab. Jamaica!, Wils.,
on trees, S. Mary’s.

8. P. racemiflora, Lindl. {Fol. Orch.). Stem angular, longer than the leaf; leaf
rigid, oblong, tapering into a petiole, half or one-third as long as the single (-geminate)
racemes: flowers one-sided, purple; perigonial divisons exterior oblong, pointed, lateral
cohering to about the middle, interior half as loug, blunt ; “ lip ovate-oblong, blunt.” — Dcndro-

G08

011CIIIDE2E.

bium, Sw. P. oblongifolia, Lindl. ! — 1' high or lower; leaf 3"-5" long, 1" broad; flowers
about 2'" long. — Hab. Jamaica!, March, on trees, in the mountains; [Cuba!; Venezuela!].

9. P. plumosa, Lindl. ! Stem angular, shorter than the leaf ; leaf leathery, oblong ,
sessile, exceeded by the peduncled, single spike: flowers subsessile, one-sided, yellow or
green ; perigonial divisions exterior lateral cohering to near the summit, gibbous at the
base, superior narrower, linear, interior much shorter, oblong, pointed, fimbriate-serrate ;
lip rhomboid, concave.” — 4"-6" high ; leaf 2f-3" long, 8'" broad; flowers 6'" long. —
Hab. Trinidad (Lindl.)-, [Venezuela!].

** Peduncles few-\-flowered.

10. P. sicaria, Lindl. ! Stem upwards winged, 3-4 times as long as the leaf; leaf
lanceolate-oblong, decurrent, gradually passing into the downward tapering stein-wing, much
longer than the short, fascicled, 2-3-flowered peduncles ; perigonial divisions exterior little
cohering, oblong-lanceolate, interior half as long, pointed ; bp lanceolate with a hook at
each side, 2-crested.”- — About P high ; leaf 4" long, 1" broad ; flowers 4m long, “greenish
with purple stripes.” — Hab. Trinidad (Lindl.) ; [Venezuela !, New Granada],

11. P. Wilsoni, Lindl. ! Stem angular, not margined, as long as or twice as long as
the leaf; leaf lanceolate, or elliptical-lanceolate, much longer than the fascicled, few— 1-
flowered peduncles ; “ perigonial divisions exterior lateral cohering, interior oblong, pointed ;
lip ovate with angles blunt.” — 3'’ high; leaf 1" long, 2"'-4"' broad.— I!ab. . Jamaica !,
Wits., Widlschl. ; [Cuba] .

12. P. discoidea, Lindl. “ Stem as long as or shorter than the leaf; leaf ovate-lan-
ceolate : peduncles fascicled, \-flowered ; perigonial divisions exterior ovate, lateral cohering,
superior twice as large, interior linear- ; lip cordate- ovate, bluntish, as long as the perigone.”
— “ li" high ; lip yellow, with a red spot in the middle.” — Hab. Trinidad (Lindl).

13. P. ruscifolia, R. Br. (L). Stem cylindrical, twice-thrice as long as the leaf ;
leaf elliptical-lanceolate, tapering at the base and summit : peduncles fascicled, \-flowered,
exceeded by the petiole, included within a clasping-ovate, 2-fid sheath ; perigonial divisions
exterior lanceolate-acuminate, lateral cohering to the summit, interior hab as long, conform
to the former ; bp minute, ovate-oblong, blunt. — Jacq. Amer. Piet. t. 212. — Epideudrum;
L. Dendrobium, Sw. — About 1' high, rigid; leaf 4"-5"long, 1" broad ; flowers 3"' long,
greenish: ovary long, slender. — IIab. Jamaica, from cultivated specimens; Dominica!,
Imr, ; Trinidad!, Cr. ; [Cuba! to Guiana! and Peru].

14. P. pruinosa, Lindl. fR). Stem cylindrical, about as long as the leaf; leaf lan-
ceolate, about as long as or shortly exceeded by the single, filiform, few-flowered peduncle ;
perigonial divisions exterior ovate-oblong, lateral cohering to near the summit, “ interior
little shorter, linear ; bp small, ovate, pointed, with blunt angles below the middle.” — 2"-
4" high; leaf 1"-1|" long, 2,"-3',, broad; flowers !£'" long, “yellowish.” — IIab. Jamaica
(Lindl.) ; Trinidad !, Cr. ,- [Guiana !, ou trees],

15. P. emarginata, Lindl. “Stem debcate, shorter than the leaf; leaf oblong,
emnrgiuate, longer than the capillary, 2-Jlowered peduncle ,- perigonial divisions linear-lan-
ceolate, exterior cohering to the middle, interior half as long ; bp linear-lanceolate with
lateral angles, saccate at the base, serrulate.”— Speckbuia, Lindl. — “ Leaf about 1^" long ;
flowers green, interior divisions white, bp rosy.” — IIab. Jamaica (Lindl).

§ 2. Stems reduced, cccspitose .- leaf approximate to the root.

16. P. aristata. Hook. Leaf spathulate -lanceolate, pointed, long-tapering into the
petiole, margined, much shorter than the single, Jlexuose raceme ; perigonial divisions ex-
terior lanceolate, tapering from the middle into the awn-like summit, interior half or one-
third as long, lanceolate-acuminate; “bp ovate-oblong, blunt, with small, lateral lobes.” —
Ann. Nat. Hist. 2. t. 15: the interior perigone shorter than in our specimen, and long-
fringed. — Leaf 8"' long, 2"' broad ; peduncled raceme 3"-4", flowers 4'" long, the latter
purple-veined. — IIab. Dominica !, Imr. ; [Guiana],

17. P- delicatula, Lindl. / Leaf spathulate, pointed, tapering into the short petiole,
margined, one-third as long as the single, jlexuose raceme ; "perigonial divisions exterior
linear- acuminate, bluntish, nearly free, interior cuneate cut; lip little shorter than the pe-

0RCHIDE2E.

G0«

rinone, oblong with basilar auricles, serrate, pubescent.”— Leaf 6"-4 long, 2 -13 broad ;
peduncled raceme H" long.— Hab. Jamaica!, Pd.

18 P. corniculata Lindl. ! Leaf spathulate , or elliptical-oblong, tapering into the
long petiole, margined, little exceeded by the single, filiform, \ flowered peduncle ; pengo-
nial divisions exterior lanceolate-acuminate, erect, lateral cohering to near the summi , in-
terior half as long, lanceolate ; lip as long as the interior perigone, rhomboid, blunt-acu-
minate.”—Dendrobium, Sic. P. hymenautha, Pl. Wright. 1501.— Leal about 1 long,
2"'-4t" broad; flowers 2'" long, yellowish. — Hab. Jamaica!, Pd., Wullschl., on trees and

fences; [Cuba!; Mexico].

19. P. lanceola, Sprang. “ Leaf lanceolate, pointed, papering into the long petiole,
as long as the single, filiform, 2-floioered peduncle ; perigonial divisions exterior lanceolate,
blunt, spreading, nearly free, interior one-fourth as long, ovate, ciliate ; lip oblong, blunt,
recurved.” — Sw. Adnot. t. 2 ./. 5— Dendrobium, Sw. Specklinia, Lindl.— -“ Leaf 1 a long ;
flowers minute, orange-coloured, with a purple, yellow-margined lip. Hab. Jamaica
( Sw .), on trees in the highest mountains.

20. P. tribuloides, Lindl. ! Leaf spathulate or lanceolate, bluntish, tapering into

the petiole; peduncles \-flowered, shorter than the petiole, single, or a tew fascicled, wholly
enclosed by the scarious sheaths ; perigonial divisions exterior papillose, linear-acuminate,
lateral cohering to about the middle, interior one-fourth as long, oblong ; lip as long as the
interior perigone, “linear, recurved, pubescent.” — Sw. Adnot. t. 1. f. 4. Dendrobium,
Sw.— Leaf long, 4"'-2"' broad; flowers 2i"' long, “red;” capsule echmate.—

Hab. Jamaica !, Wils., Wullschl. ; [Cuba ! ; Mexico to Costarica],

§ 8. Primary stem creeping -radicant, secondary ones reduced, distant along it, each

one-leaved.

21. P. sertularioid.es, Spreng. Leaf spathulate -linear , mucronulate, about as long as
the single, 1-3-floivered, filiform peduncle ; perigonial divisions lanceolate-acuminate, exte-
rior lateral little cohering, interior little shorter ; lip as long as the interior perigone, ovate-
oblong, with small lateral lobes at the middle, blunt. — Dendrobium, Sw. Specklinia, Lindl.
— Leaf 8'"-] 2'" long, lm-Hm broad ; flowers l l1" long.

a. Peduncle 1-flowered, 2-bracteolate above the middle ; flower “ whitish with yellow
tips.” .

0. trinitensis. Peduncle 3-2-flowered : flowers distant, “ pale-purple with a purple lip
{Bradf.)

Hab. Jamaica!, Wullschl. (a) ; Trinidad !, Cr., Bradf., near Arima (0).

22. P. polygonoides, Or. (n. sp.). Leaf elliptical-lanceolate, or elliptical-oblong ,

bluntish, shortly pctioled, much longer than the short, single, \-fioioered peduncle ; peri-
gonial divisions lanceolate -acuminate, exterior lateral little cohering at the base, interior
half as long; lip clawed-oblong, with small lateral lobes about the middle. — Nearly allied to
the preceding, and presenting the same habit, but peduncle only about twice as long as the
petiole. Stems 2,,/— 4,r/ distant from each other ; leaf thiekish, long, 2"' broad ;

peduncle 2"' long, wholly or half concealed by the enclosing sheath ; flowers 1"' long,
“pale with purplish tips, and a purple lip.”— Hab. Trinidad!, Or., Bradf ., on trees near
Arima.

23. P. testifolia, Lindl. ! Leaf oval-roundish, or elliptical-oblong, clasping -sessile
at the summit of the short pctiolc-likc, secondary stem ; fiower single, subsessile, supported
by a keeled-conduplicate sheath : its keel lacerate -winged ; perigonial divisions exterior
spathulate-oblong, pointed, pilose, lateral cohering to about the middle, interior half as long,
spathulate, blunt; “lip spathulate, ciliate, 2-erested at the base, recurved above the claw.”
— Cyrnbidium, Sw. — Primary stem thicker than in the two preceding species, and its sheaths
spreading, secondary ones 2,,,-3,H long ; leaf thiekish, 9,,r — 12,,/ long, 10,,,-4W broad ; flower
deep -purple, 3'" long : its sheath 2"' long, concealing the ovary. — IIab. Jamaica !, Pd.,
Wils., March, Wullschl., on trees and rocks ; [Cuba!; Venezuela].

§ 4. Stems caspitose, furnished with several obliquely spreading -tubular, pointed,
rigid-margined sheaths : leaves margined. (Lepanthiformes, Lindl.)

24. P. biflora, Focke. Stem hispidulous, longer or as loug as the leaf : sheaths with a

610

ORCH1DEAS.

ciliate, ovate-roundish limb, leaf elliptical, or elliptical-oblong, contracted at the petioled
base; peduncles fascicled, much shorter than the leaf \ h-2-flowered ; perigonial divisions
lanceolate-linear, exterior lateral cohering below, interior halt as long ; lip linear, ciliate. —
Leaf l'-l-j" long, 8"'-10'" broad : petiole 2'" long ; peduncles about 4"', flowers 2"' long,
the latter “ purple” ( Bradf. ), pale in drying. — Hab. Trinidad !, Cr., Bradf, on trees, in
moist woods, Arima ; [Guiana].

25. P. lepanthiforrais, G. Rchb. Stem hispidulous, about as long as the leaf: sheaths
with a ciliate, ovate limb ; leaf oblong -lanceolate, bluntish, tapering into the petiole ; pe-
duncled racemes geminate-solitary, half as long as the leaf : flowers approximate ; perigonial
divisions exterior lateral cohering to near the summit, saccate at the base, superior linear,
“ interior minute, linear ; lip obovate-oblong, blunt.”— P. villosa, Knowl., Westc. (sec.
Lincll.): name objectionable, the down being not villous. — Leaf 2" long, 8"' broad;
flowers 1'" long, “ purple.”— Hab. Trinidad!, Cr. ; [Mexico to Guiana!].

26. P. foliata, Gr. (n. sp.). Stem filiform, puberulous at the angles, oflen somewhat
branched, or distantly 2-several-leaved, much longer than the leaves : sheaths with a ciliate,
roundish limb ; leaf elliptical, or obovate, somewhat pointed, cuneate at the petioled base ;
peduncled racemes geminate-solitary, distantly few-flowered, exceeding the leaf ; perigonial
divisions exterior oblong-lanceolate, lateral cohering to the summit, interior ovate, pointed,
half as long ; lip exceeding the interior perigone, linear, blunt, puberulous above. — Habit of
Lepanthes rotundata ; 2"-3" high ; leaves 6",-4", long ; 2iw broad ; flowers scarcely V"
long : perigone erect, yellow in drying.- — Hab. Jamaica !, Wils.

27. P. microlepanthes, Gr. (n. sp.). Stem reduced, glabrous, usually much shorter
than the leaf : sheaths 2-3, with a glabrous, deltoid limb ; leaf elliptical, or elliptical-
roundish, somewhat pointed, tapering into the petiole ; peduncled racemes fascicled, half
as long as the leaf: flowers about 5, approximate; perigonial divisions exterior ovate,
pointed, lateral cohering below the 2-dentate summit ; interior minute, spathulate, half as
long as the breadth of the exterior ones ; lip little shorter than the exterior perigone, oblong,
blunt. — Habit of Lepanthes tridentata, var. Loddigesiana ; leaf 4'"-3''' long, 2"'-3"'
broad ; flowers long : perigone erect, yellow in drying. — Hab. Jamaica !, Macfl, Wits.,
March, on tree-barks, among mosses.

2. LEPANTHES, Sw.

Character of Pleurothallis, but lip adnate to the column, usually 2-partite, and pollinaria
elavate.— Stems ccespitose, 1-phyllous : sheaths obliquely spreading -tubular, rigid-margined,
pointed.

28. Ii. rotundata, Gr. ( n . sp.) Stem filiform, glabrous, much longer than the leaf :
sheaths with a subulate, minutely ciliate limb ; leaf elliptical, rounded-3-mucronale,
contracted at the base, exceeded by the fascicled (-single), peduncled racemes ; peri-
gonial divisions exterior deltoid, lateral cohering below the 2-dentate summit, interior
much smaller, obversely deltoid ; lip-segments diverging, spathulate, adnate to the middle of
the column. — About 2" high; leaf 6'" (-8'") long, 4"' broad; flowers 2'" long. — Hab.
Jamaica !, Macf.

29. I*, tridentata, Sw. “ Stem filiform, or reduced ; leaf elliptical, pointcd-3-mu-
cronate, cuneate at the base, exceeded by the single, few(-\)-flowered peduncles ; perigo-
nial divisions exterior ovate, pointed, lateral cohering to the middle , interior half as long,
puberulous, transversely oblong-lanceolate, blunt at one, bluntish at the other angle ; lip-
segments lanceolate, ascending from the base of the lip.” — Sw. Adnot. t. 2 .f. 2. — L. Lod-
digesiana, G. Rchb. (L. tridentata, Lindl. : Bot. Reg. t. 1762) : a form with reduced
stems. — “ Stem 2"-2"', peduncle 8"' long ; leaf 5"'-8'" long, 2"'-4"' hroad ; flowers 1"' long,
purple- and yellow-variegated.” — IIab. Jamaica (Sw.), on trees, in the mountains.

30. L. pulchella, Sw. Stem filiform, glabrous, longer than or as long as the leaf:
sheaths with a ciliate, ovate-deltoid limb ; leaf elliptical, pointed, cuneate at the base, about
as long as the few(-\) -flowered, single (-fascicled) peduncles ; perigonial divisions exterior
ovale, acuminate, all cohering only at the base, spreading, interior semisagittate, linear-
acuminate, half us long; lip-segmeuts incurved-linear, converging, inserted near or below
the summit of the column. — Sw. Adnot. t. 2./. 3.— Stein 6"-2", leaf 8"'-12'" long, the

0RCII1DE2E.

Gil

latter 4"'-8'" broad; flowers 2'" long, “yellow and purple-variegated within. ab.
Jamaica !, Mac/., Pd., Bancr., on trees, near Blue Mountains Peak.

31. Ii. saneruinea, Hook. “Stem filiform, about as long as the leaf : sheaths glabrous ;
leaf elliptical, bluntish, longer than the short, fascicled, \ -flowered peduncles ; perigonial
divisions exterior deltoid, ciliate, lateral cohering to the middle, interior transversely oblong ;
lip-segments ovate” {sec. icon.), -Bot. Mag. t. 4112.-“ About 1" high; leaf 6'" long, 4
broad; flowers crimson.”— Hab. Jamaica {Hook.).

32. L. concinna, Sw. (R.). Stem filiform, puberulous, longer than the leaf: sheaths
with an ovate-roundish, ciliolate limb ; leaf ovate, pointed, cuneate-rouuded at the base,
about tivice as long as the single (-fascicled), distichous, spieiform, peduncled racemes ;
perigonial divisions exterior broadly ovate, pointed, cohering at the base, lateral to beyond
it, spreading, interior half as long, half-cordate-lanceolate, acuminate ; “lip-segments m-
curved-linear, converging, inserted near the summit of the column.”— Sw. Adnot. t. ,2.f. 4
— L. tridentata, Hindi. PI. Wr. 1510 {non Bot. Reg., non Sw.).—2"~6" high; leaf 2"-S
loDg, 10"'-5"' long ; flowers l'"long, “ yellow, crimson within.” — Hab. Jamaica, Wullschl.,
on trees: [Cuba!].

33. Ii. cochlearifolia, Sw. Stem somewhat rigid, hispid, longer than the leaf: sheaths
with an ovate-roundish, ciliate limb ; leaf ovate-roundish , with a bluntish point, tvAce —
thrice as long as the fascicled, or solitary, few-flowered peduncles ; perigonial divisions ex-
terior ovate, acuminate, all cohering at the base, spreading, “ interior transversely lanceo-
late-linear, acuminate, half as long ; lip-segments incurved-linear, spreading, inserted at the
base of the column.”— Adnot. t. 2./. 1.— 2"-3" high ; leaf 1" long, 8"'-10'" broad;
flowers 2'" long, “purple.” — Hab. Jamaica !, Wils., on trees and rocks, very rare.

3. STELIS, Sw.

Character of Pleurothallis, but column short, furnished with two lateral appendages at
its summit. Perigonial divisions exterior cohering at the base, interior minute. Flowers
racemose, usually very small.

34. S. ophioglossoid.es, Sw. {£.). Leaf oblong -linear, bluntish, long-tapering at

the base, longer than the stem, shorter than the peduncled, 1-sided, slender raceme ; peri-
gonial divisions exterior deltoid, “interior and lip angular-truncate.” — Jacq. Amer. Piet. t.
211 : leaf broader than in our forms, and racemes fascicled. — Epidendrum, Jacq. S. sca-
brida, Hindi., is described as a lower plant with a narrower leaf-base : such forms are not
distinguishable in the herbarium.— Leaf 4"-6"(-2i") long, broad ; flowers V" long,

“greenish with a tinge of purple.” — Hab. Jamaica!, Wils., March; Dominica {S. sca-
brida, Liudl.), S. Viucent ! (apparently the same) ; Trinidad !, Bradf. ; [Cuba ! and Mexico 1
to Guiana !].

35. S. micrantha, Sw. {HooJc.!). Leaf lanceolate-oblong, bluntish, contracted-
tapering at the base, usually shorter than, or as long as the stem, exceeded by the sleuder,
spieiform raceme ; flowers nodding, 1 -sided-distichous ; perigonial divisions exterior deltoid,
“interior audlip truncate.” — Leaf 2V'-1" long, 8'"-4"' broad ; flowers “ whitish, red withiu.”
— Hab. Jamaica !, March, on trees and rocks in the mountains.

4. OCTOMERIA, R. Br.

Lip jointed with the produced base of the column : perigonial divisions nearly distinct,
interior inserted iuto the base of the column. Column naked : pollinia 8, obovate-obloug,
— Stem 1 -leaved, as in Pleurothallis ; flowers fascicled, at the base of the leaf.

36: O. graminifolia, R. Br. {R.) Leaf lanceolate-linear; flowers “pale-yellow, with
two red spots ;” perigonial divisions ovate-laneeolate, interior little shorter; lip cuueate-
oblong, blunt, or minutely denticulate at the summit, obliquely 2-crested, and with 2 short
lateral lobes at the middle. — Bot. Mag. t. 27 G4. — Epidendrum, L. — Stems serial along a
creeping, primary axis ; leaf 4”' broad ; flowers 3W long.

a. Leaf longer than the stem (5"-4" long) ; lip nearly as loug as the interior perigouc.

0. ophioglossoides. Leaf about as loug as the stem (3" long) ; lip half as long as the in-
terior perigone. — Stclis ophioglossoides, Sieb. PI. Mixt. 452 ! {non Sw).

Hab. Dominica !, Imr. (a, 0) ; [Guadeloupe! (0)].

G12

ORCHIDE/E.

5. MASDEVALLIA, R. P.

Zip jointed with the column, included: perigonial divisions exterior cohering and forming
an infundibular tube, acuminate or awned at the summit, interior small. Column naked :
pollinaria 2, obovate-oblong. — Stem 1 -leaved, as in Pleurothallis ; flowers usually large,
single at the base of the leaf.

37. M. fenestrata, Lindl. ! Leaf elliptical-oblong, bluntish, cuneate at the petioled
base, about as long as the veutricose-sheathed stem ; peduncle about as long as the petiole ;
perigone deep-purple : tube campanidate, gibbons at the base, as long as the pointed lobes,
the latter cohering at the point ; “interior divisions ovate, pointed; lip oblong, acuminate,
with small lateral lobes about the middle.”— Bot. Mag. t. 4164. — Pleurothallis atropur-
purea, Lindl.! — Leaf 2"-2f long, 1" broad ; flower 6'" long. — Hab. Jamaica !, March ;
[Cuba !].

6. MICROSTYLIS, Nutt.

Lip spreading from the column : perigonial divisions distinct, spreading. Column low ;
pollinaria 4, collateral. — Root terrestrial; stem terminal from, an aerial tuber ;[flower small,
racemose, or corymbose.

38. M. -umbellulata, Lindl. ! Stem 2-leaved, 5-angular, or subcylindrical ; leaves
opposite, long-sheathing, ovate, pointed ; flowers greenish, approximate in a fasligiale
corymb, or short raceme : pedicels at length much longer than the flower : bract lanceolate-
acuminate ; perigonial divisions exterior ovate, interior linear ; lip clasping-sessile, hastate-
deltoid, mucronate-emarginate : the mucro indexed towards the large, basilar concavity. —
Malaxis, Sw. — 1' high; leaves 2"-4", lower pedicels 6"', flowers 1'” long. — Hab. Jamaica!,
Pd., in mountain-woods, Gap of S. Andrews ; Dominica !, Imr. ; Trinidad !, Cr., S. Anne ;
[Cuba ! ; Mexico !].

39. M. spicata, Lindl. Stem 2-ieaved, 4-angular, or subcylindrical ; leaves slightly
alternating, long-sheathing, ovate-roundish, mucronulate ; flowers greenish, somewhat dis-
tant in an elongated raceme : pedicels at length thrice as long as the flower : bracts linear-
acuminate; perigonial divisions exterior oblong, interior linear ; lip clasping-sessile, hastate-
sub quadrate, shortly Z-lobed: middle lobe bluntish. — Sw. FI, t. 28. inf. analyt., middle
lobe of the lip more produced than in our form. — Malaxis, Sw. — H'-J' high; leaves
3"-li", raceme l"-2", at length 6"-8", flowers 1'" long. — Hab. Jamaica !, Pd., mountains
of Westmoreland; [Cuba!].

7. LIPARIS, Rich.

Lip parallel below to the column: perigonial divisions distinct, spreading. Column slender,
winged at the summit : pollinaria 4, collateral. — Root terrestrial in the West Indian
species ; stem terminal from an aerial tuber ; flowrers racemose, or spicate.

40. £j. elliptica, G. Rchb. ( ex diagn.). Scape margined by a wing ; leaf single, oblong,

bluntish; flowers in a spiciform raceme : bracts exceeding or equalling the ovary ; perigonial
divisions linear ; lip ovate repand, abruptly acuminate with the midrib thickish, us long as
the perigone ; column incurved. — Stunuia, G. Rchb. L. jamaicensis, Lindl. in Herb. Hook,
— 3(,-12" high; leaf 2"-6,, long, broad ; flowers 2"'-3"' long.— Hab. Jamaica!,

Macf., Pd., in savannahs, Clarendon; Trinidad!, Cr.; [Venezuela; Guiana].

41. I*, elata , Lindl. Scape margined by a wing ; leaves 3-4, large, elliptical, or ovate,
pointed, cuneate at the long-sheathing base ; flowers in a spiciform raceme: bracts about as
long as the ovary ; perigonial divisions linear-oblong ; lip cuneate-ovate, blunt, as long as
the perigone, exceeding the thickish, incurved column. — Bot. Reg. t. 1175 : the synonym of
the Indian L. bituberculata, Lindl. (added afterwards), is to be excluded.— l'-ll' high ;
leaves 6"-8" long, 3"-4" broad; flowers 3"' long. — Hab. Jamaica !, List., Wi/s., March;
Dominica !, Imr. ; [Cuba ! to Peru ! and Brazil !].

8. BOLBOPIIYLLUM, Pet. Th.

Lip jointed with the produced base of the column : perigonial divisions connivent-crcct,

0RCIIIDE2E.

613

exterior lateral often cohering at the base. Column short, with 2 lateral appendages at the
summit : poll inaria 4, often unequal. — Scapes radical, lateral to aerial tubers.

Sect. Bolbophyllahia, G.Rchb. — “ Pollinaria incumbent” (R-), “ 2 posterior much
smaller ” (Bradf.). — Flowers spicate : rhaehis usually clavate.

42. B. pachyrrhachis, Gr. Tubers sub-4-gonal, 2(-l)-leaved ; leaves lanceolate-
oblomj or oblong-linear, somewhat pointed, exceeded by the scape ; rhaehis clavate, acuminate :
flowers numerous, sessile, little exceeding the deltoid bract , perigonial divisions exterior
subulate, lateral cohering at the base, interior much smaller, oblong, blunt ; lip short, ob-
lou°- blunt, fleshy, shortly clawed.— Rich. Cub. t. 74.— Pleurothallis, Rich. Bolbophyl-
laria’ G. Rclib.— 1'-2' high; leaves 4"-5"' long, 6"'-] O'" broad; spike 5"-8", flowers 2"'-3'"
long.— FIab. Trinidad!, Cr., Bradf., common ; [Cuba].

'Tribe II. EPLDENDREAH. — Pollinaria waxy, distant from the stigma, supported by a
free stalk (the caudicula ). Anther of Malaxide*. — Vegetation usually aerial.

9. EP1DENDRUM, L.

Lip clawed : the claw usually united with the column. Pollinaria 4 : caudiculoe re-
flexed, as many (-2). — Inflorescence terminal in the West Indian species.

§ 1. Lip free or nearly free from the column. — Aerial tubers : scape terminal.

43. 33. Ottonis, G.Rchb.! Tubers oblong or oval-oblong, compressed, 1-phyllous;
leaf oblong -linear, bluntish, tapering at the base, exceeding the scape ; sterile bracts mem-
branaceous, exceeding the internodes ; raceme 5-6-flowered, simple : flowers whitish ;
perigonial divisions lanceolate, pointed, conform ; lip free, entire, nearly conform, to the
■perigonial divisions; columu minutely auricled. — Isochilus triauder, Bradf. ms.: the
Trinidad form being constantly 3-androus (Hr) or 3-5-androus (Cr.) by monstrosity, while
Otto’s Venezuela plant, as Dr. G. Reichenbach informs me, is normally developed. — Allied
to E. auritum, Lindl., but flowers smaller, column not deeply 3-lobed, and anther blunt,
tailless. — Tubers serial, 6"'-12"/ long, 3'" broad ; leaf 5 "-6" long, 3"' broad ; flowers 3",-4'"
long, half as long as the smooth ovary ; terminal anther 4-celled, lateral in the monstrous
flowers incomplete. — IIab. Trinidad !, Bradf., Cr., frequent, on trees ; [Cuba ! to Venezuela],

44. E. angustifolium, Sw. ( L . in Herb. Hook). Tubers ovate or ovate-lanceolate,

little compressed, 1-phyllous ; leaf linear, grass-like, exceeded by the scape; scape filiform,
naked: bracts minute, pointed; raceme lax, branched at the base: pedicels as long as the
ovary ; perigonial divisions lanceolate, pointed, conform ; lip as long, free, broadly 3-lobed
above the claw : lobes subcqual, lateral half-round, middle ovate ; column auricled below the
anther-bed. — Tubers serial, 6"'-8"' long, 4 "'-3'" broad; leaf 6'" long, 1'" broad; scape
about 1', bracts pedicels 2"', flowers 2,"-3,,' long. — IIab. Jamaica !, Pd., on trees,

summit of Dolphin’s Peak.

45. E. Bradfordii, Gr. (n. sp .). Tubers subglobose, 1-phyllous ; leaf linear -oblong,
bluntish, i or $ as long as the scape ; sterile bracts distant, short, ovate, membranaceous ;
raceme 5-6-flowcred, simple : flowers white ; perigonial divisions oblong -lanceolate, pointed,
conform; lip 3-fid: lobes pointed, lateral oblong, middle little longer, acutely obovate ;
column auricled below the anther. — E. globosum, Bradf. ms. (non Jacq). — Allied to E.
chloroleucum, Hook., but leaf single, and lobes of the lip less unequal, lateral erect-spread-
ing.—Tubers 8'"-10"' (ham.; leaf 5"-G" long, O'" broad; scape l'-lj' high; bracts
]"'-2'", pedicels 4"', ovary 6'", perigone 4"'-5"' long. — IIab. Trinidad !, Bradf., Arima.

40. E. aciculare, Batem. “ Tubers oblong, 2-leaved; leaves linear, channelled,
pointed, as long as the 6-7-flowered scape ; floioers in a simple raceme, purple with a whitish
lip; perigonial divisions linear-lanceolate, pointed, conform; tip 3-lobed: lateral lobes
small, linear, blunt, middle ovate-oblong, mucronate.” — But. Mag. t. 4572. — E. linearifo-
lium, Hook. — IIab. Bahamas (Lindl) ; [Mexico].

47- E. gracile, Lindl. “ Tubers ovate, several -leaved ; leaves oblong-linear ; flowers
in a simple, loose raceme, variegated; perigonial divisions cuncatc-oblong ; lip 3-lobed:
lateral lobes lialf-ovatc, half as long as the middle one, the latter oblong, very blunt.

C14

0RCHIDE2E.

crispate.” — Bot. Reg. t. 1765. — “Flowers green: lip yellow, streaked with purple.” — IIab.
Bahamas ( Lndl .).

48. E. rufurn, Lindl. “ Tubers pyriform, 2-3-leaved ; leaves lanceolate-ligulate,
shorter than the scape ; flowers in a slightly branched panicle , brownish-yellow ; peri-
gonial divisions elliptical, pointed; lip 3-lobed: lateral lobes short, half-ovate, middle
obovate, revolute at the margin, rouuded at the base ; column membranaceous-margined.”
— “ 1' high, or more ; leaves 6"-8" long; lip fleshy, 2-costate at the base.” — Hah. Baha-
mas (Lind/.).

49. E. altissimum, Balem. “ Tabers cylindrical, 2-3-leaved, scape high, paniculate ;
perigonial divisions oblong, pointed; lip 3-lobed: lateral lobes dimidiate, blunt, flexuose,
middle dilated, mucronate, undulate, recurved, 2-costate at the base.” — IIab. Bahamas
(Lindl.), in rocky districts.

50. E. bahamense, Gr. Tubers pyriform, 2-leaved ; leaves linear-oblong, blunt,
much shorter than the scape ; flowers paniculate : bracts small, deltoid, sterile distant ; pe-
rigonial divisions spathulate, bluntish, interior broader ; lip 3-lobed, slightly 2-callous at the
base : lateral lobes basilar, half-ovate, somewhat pointed, embracing the column, middle
broader, obovate-2-lobed, complicated, contracted at the base ; column with deltoid wings
above. — Cymbidium diurnum, Lindl. (non Sw.: G. Rchb., who saw Jacquin’s original, in-
forms me that the latter belongs to E. virens, Lindl.). — Nearly allied to E. phoeniceum,
Lindl. !, but flowers half as large, the lateral lobes of the lip much smaller than the middle
lobe, and calli of the lip-base less prominent, tapering, not abrupt at the summit.— 2' high ;
tubers If, leaves 6"-S", perigone S'" long, all divisions of equal length, the exterior 2'",
the interior 3'" broad; flowers numerous, brown-purple in drying ; pollinia 4.— Hab.
Bahamas !, Swains.

51. E. plicatum, Lindl. (R. exic. Catesb.) “ Tubers ovoid, 2-leaved; leaves spathu-
late-lanceolate, pointed, shorter than the scape ; flowers in a simple, corymbiform raceme,
red-variegated ; perigonial divisions spathulate-lanceolate, poiuted ; lip 3-lobed : lateral
lobes oblong-lanceolate, undulate, middle cor date- deltoid, cuspidate, crenate, plaited, with 2
large keeled calli at the base.”— Catesb. Carol. 2. t. 88 .fig. sin.—' “ 1J' high ; leaves 6",
perigone about 1" long ; lip crimson.” — Hab. Bahamas (Catesb.)-, [Cuba].

52. E. bifidum, Aubl., Sw. ! Tubers shortly oblong-lanceolate, 2-4 -leaved; leaves
linear-lanceolate, blunt, much shorter than the scape; steiile bt acts distant, long, ap-
pressed-sheathing, floral ones minute ; flowers in a branched raceme, rosy-variegated ; peri-
o-onial divisions lanceolate-oblong : lip 3-partite above the claw: lateral segments ovate-
roundish, embracing the column, middle larger’, exserted, obovate, renifoi m—2-lobed at the
summit. — Redout. Lil. t. 84.— 1'-3' high; tubers 1" long; leaves 4"-6" long, 5'"-8m
broad ; pedicels 3"'-4"', ovary 4"', perigone 6"', lip 8"' long, the latter 4'" broad at the
abruptly dilated summit, its lobes round : colour rosy with the lip .purple above, but differ-
ently described by Plumier (Ed. Burm. t. 186. /. 1), and in E. bifldum, Lindl. (Bot. Reg.
t. 18./. 9).— Hab. S. Kitts !, Sw. ; [Haiti! to Guiana!].

53. E. bicornutum, Look. Tubers elongated, 4-6-nodal, linear-fusiform, 2-several-
leaved; leaves thick, lanceolate-oblong or oblong, blunt; sterile bracts distant, appressed-
sheathing, floral ones smaller, spreading, oblong ; flowers in a simple raceme, white with a
variegated lip ; perigonial divisions elliptical, cuspidate ; lip 3-fid, prominently 2-ca//oiis at
the base: lateral lobes oblong, bluntish, clasping middle much longer, exserted, oblong
pointed.- Bot. Mag. t. 3332.-L-3' high ; leaves 8' -4" long 10"-6' [ dram, geaves 4"-5*
loug 1"-1V' broad; fertile bracts 21", ovary with the pedicel 1", perigone 12"'-10'" long;
lip white with red dots and the conical calli yellow.— IIab. Trinidad !, Bradfi, on rocks and
decayed trees, abundant along the coast, and in the Boca islands.

54 e indivisum, Bradf. ms. (n. sp.). Tubers 3-4-nodal, linear -fusiform, 4-6-
leaved ■ leaves thick, oblong -linear, blunt : sterile bracts distant, appressed-sheathing, floral
ones smaller, spreading, oblong ; floivers in a simple raceme, white ; perigonial divisions
nllintical oblonsr pointed ; lip undivided or minutely aunclcd above the base, 2-callous at the
base subulate-lanceolate, acuminate— Nearly allied to the preceding, but lower, 6"-10
high’, leaves 3" long, 5"'-6"' broad, perigone 6'" long, pure-white ; lip scarcely exserted.
— Hab. Trinidad !, Bradf .

0RCH1DE2E.

615

55. E. polvbulbon, Sw. Tubers serial, oval or ovate-oblong, subcompressed, 2-
leaved ; scape short, 1 -flowered; leaves ovate or ovate-lanceolate, bluntish; perigonial
divisions lanceolate, acuminate, greenish ; lip white, undivided, roundish above the claw ;
column red, 2-horned. — Dinema, Lindl. ! — l"-2" high; leaves 12 -4 , peri gone an ip
6'" long.— Hat?. Jamaica!, Mac/., Pd., March, on trees, in the mountains; [Luba.;
Mexico !].

56. E. bletioides, Gr. (». sp .). Tubers ovate-lanceolate, 2-leaved; leaves fleshy,
lanceolate-oblong, blunt, shorter than the scape ; sterile bracts distant, short, appressed-
sheathing, blunt, floral ones subulate, much shorter than the pedicel ; flowers distant m . a
spreading panicle, or racemose ; perigonial divisions pointed, exterior lanceolate, interior
oblong-lanceolate ; lip undivided, ventricose-concave, elliptical, pointed, with 2 linear crests
below the middle : claw very short; column obovate, sharply 3 -dentate at the broad sum-
mit.— Allied to B. subaquilum, Lindl. (sec. Rchb. in lit.). — l-lV high ; leaves 5 -6
long : their number is not quite certain, as they are detached from our specimen ; pengone
6'" long, pale-brown in drying.— Hab. Jamaica !, Pd., Hanover.

§ 2. Lip adnateto the column. — Aerial tubers: scape terminal.

57. E. pygmseum, Eoolc. Tubers serial, linear-fusiform, sub-3-gonal, supported by
a few, large, loose scales, 2-leaved ; leaves oblong-lanceolate, pointed ; flowers 1-3 at the
summit of the tuber, shortly pedicellate, white; perigonial divisions exterior lanceolate,
“interior linear-acuminate ; lip B-lobed; lateral lobes rounded, embracing the column,
middle deltoid, acuminate.”— Bot. Mag. t. 3233 : a form with thicker tubers and the peri-
gone greenish with a white lip, the latter with a red spot at the point. Tubers H long,
2"'-3''7 diam., exceeding the basilar scales ; leaves 3"-l|", flowers about 6'" long ; capsule
3-winged. — Hab. Jamaica !, Pd., Wullschl., on rocks and trees ; Trinidad !, Bradf., abun-
dant on old calabash-trees; Mexico to Brazil].

58. E. serrulatum, G. Eclib. Tubers filiform, enclosed by ragged scales, 1-2 -leaved ;
leaves grass-like, linear or linear -lanceolate, crenulate, as long as or exceeding the short,
filiform scape ; raceme few-flowered : flowers “ brown-red , subdistant : bracts ovate, acu-
minate, about as long as the pedicel, lowest sterile ; perigonial divisions ovate-lanceolate,
pointed ; “ lip undivided, embracing the column, tapering above.” — Oymbidium, Sw. — 3 "-
1" high, cmspitose ; leaves 2"'-3'" broad ; perigone 2,"-3," long (not yet opened) : lip pro-
bably nearly conform to the divisions. — Hab. Jamaica !, Macf, Pd., on trees near Blue
Mountain Peak.

59. E. ciliare, L. Tubers of several nodes, clavate-fusiform, 2-Z-leaved ; leaves ob-
long, oblong-lanceolate or oval, blunt, usually exceeded by the scape ; flowers white or
whitish, in a spreading raceme : bracts oblong-lanceolate, twice or more exceeded by the
ovary, inferior sterile; perigonial divisions linear-acuminate, expanded ; lip obovate, cut into
tlexuose fringes, the terminal division exserted. — Jacq. Amer. Piet. t. 209. — E. euspidatum,
Lodd. — 1'-2' high; leaves 4"-8", perigone l|"-2" long.— Hab. Jamaica!; Antigua!,
Wullschl., Dominica!, Imr., S. Vincent !, Guild. ; Trinidad !, Bradf., on rocks and decayed
trees; [French islands !, Sieb. Mart. 207 ; Mexico ! to Guiana !, New Granada !].

60. E. variegatum, Rook. ( L .). Tubers fusiform, 2(-“4 ”) -leaved ; leaves lanceo-
late-oblong, bluntish, often as long as or exceeding the scape, the latter supported by a
spathe ; flowers variegated, greenish with purple spots and streaks, racemose : bracts minute,
deltoid ; perigonial divisions spathulate or obovate, blunt, exceeding the lip ; lip undivided,
small, obovate, apiculate, longitudinally 2-callous, approximate to the column. — Bot. Mag.
t. 3151. — 8"-20" high; leaves 6"-10" long, often separated by an internode; perigone
4",-5'" long. — Hab. Jamaica {Lindl.) ; [Cuba ! to Brazil],

61. E. fragrans, {Sw. L.). Tubers fusiform, supported by a few large scales, 1 -phyl-
lous ; leaves lanceolate-oblong, blunt, exceeding the scape, the latter supported by a spathe ;
flowers whitish with purple streaks on the lip, in a short raceme : bracts small ; perigonial
divisions exterior lanceolate-acuminate, interior shorter, as long as the lip, elliptical, pointed ;
lip undivided, roundish, cuspidate. — Bot. Mag. t. 152. — E. cochleatum, Curt. ( non L). —
6-12" high, leaves 6"— 8", perigone 8"'-12'" long. — Hah. Jamaica 1, List., Lane, Wullschl.,
on trees and rocks ; Dominica !, Imr. ; Trinidad !, Bradf. ; [Cuba ! to Brazil !].

61G

ORCIIJDEiE.

62. E. cochleatum, L. Tubers ovate-lanceolate or ovate, compressed, costate, sup-
ported by scales, 2 -leaned ; leaves oblong, pointed , tapering at the base, about as long as
the scape, the latter supported by a spathe ; flowers greenish, with a purple or purple-varie-
gated lip, racemose : bracts small ; perigonial divisions recurved, lanceolate-linear, acumi-
nate, longer than the lip ; lip undivided, cochleate, cordate-roundish, pointed, 2-callous at
the base. — Catesb. Carol. 2. 1. 88. fig. dextr. — 1-2' high; leaves l"-lf" broad ; perigone
1"— H", lip 8"' long. — Hab. Bahamas {Catesb.) ; Jamaica!, Al., Wullschl., on trees and
rocks : [Cuba !, Haiti!, and Mexico to Venezuela].

§ 3. Lip adnate to the column ; stem equal at the base : leaves alternate ; inflorescence

terminal.

* Stem spathaceoris-bracteate below the inflorescence : spalhes much longer than the

fertile bracts.

63. E. trinitatis, Lindl. ! Stem leafy, 2-edged ; leaves lanceolate, blunt ; flowers
pale with a yellow lip, in a terminal, simple, pedunoled, nodding, many-flowered raceme :
pedzmcle supported by a single, long, complicated, oblong-linear, herbaceous spathe ; peri-
gonial divisions exterior elliptical-lanceolate or lanceolate, interior shorter, setaceous ; lip
%-lobed, falcate : lateral lobes subquadrate, pointed, middle longer , subidate, 3-callons at
the base. — l'-lj' high ; leaves 4", spathe 3", perigoue 3'" long. — Hab. Trinidad {Lindl.) ;
[New Granada !, Pd.'].

64. E. rivulare, Lindl. ! Stem leafy; leaves lanceolate or lanceolate-linear, pointed ;
flowers greenish and red-variegated with a pale lip, in a few-flowered, simple raceme : pe-
duncle concealed by distichous, contiguous, keeled-complicated oblong-linear, herbaceous
spathes ; perigonial divisions exterior oblong-lanceolate, pointed, interior as long, linear ;
lip 3-/obed : lateral lobes subquadrate, fimbriate-cut, spreading, middle linear, 'i- den tale
at the dilated summit. — 1 i'-2' high; leaves 5"-3", spathes 10"'-1S"', perigone S'" long. —
Hab. Jamaica 1, Pd, , Dolphin’s Peak ; [Cuba !, Haiti !].

65. E. lanceolatum, Bradf. ms. {n. sp.). Stem leafy; leaves lanceolate, bluntish;
flowers whitish, in a few-flowered, short raceme : peduncle concealed by a few distichous,
contiguous, keeled-complicated, oblong-linear, pointed, herbaceous spathes ; perigonial divi-
sions exterior lanceolate-linear, acuminate, interior as long, linear-acuminate ; lip S-lobed,
as long as the perigone ; lateral lobes half -oblong-lanceolate, bluntish, ascending, middle
half as long again, narrowly linear-acuminate.— Allied to the preceding, l'-lj' high ;
leaves 4"-6'' long, 6"'-9'" broad ; spathes 6"'-4"', perigone 1" long, as loug as the filiform
ovary : its bract miuutely ovate. — Hab. Trinidad !, Bradf ., Pitch Lake.

66. E. discoidale, Lindl.! Stem leafy ; leaves elliptical-lanceolate, pointed ; flowers

in a terminal, shortly peduncled, branched, or simple raceme : peduncle concealed by several
approximate-distichous, keeled-complicated, oblong-linear, pointed, herbaceous spathes ; pe-
rigonial divisions blunt, exterior spathulate-oblong, interior as long, spathulatc-linear ; lip
S-lobed : blade broader than Long : lateral lobes reniform, spreading, middle as long, half
as broad, subquadrate, retuse-truncate. — Habit of E. nutans, Sw., but distinguished by the
spathes, and a peculiar, callous, roundish area, occupying the blade of the lip below the lobes.
— 1'— H'high; leaves 6" long, about H" broad; spathes perigone S'"— 10'" long;

bracts small, lanceolate-acuminate. — TIab. Dominica !, Imr.

67. E. nutans, Sw. (R.). Stem leafy; leaves oblong, bluntish, clasping; flowers
yellow-green, in a mauy-flowered, flexuose panicle : Us racemose branches nodding, interior
supported by a large, scarious, oblong-lanceolate spathe : sterile spathe usually none ; pe-
rigonial divisions bluntish, exterior spathulate-oblong, interior as long, spathulate-linear ;
lip Globed ; blade a little broader than long : lateral lobes trapezoid-roundish, spreading,
middle smaller, subquadrate, retusc-truncate.— 1'-2' bigli ; leaves S''-G", spathes 2 , pen-
gone 8"'-10'" long ; lip 2-callous at the base; bracts linear, 2"'-8'" long.— Hab. Jamaica !,
’hlacf, Wullschl., on trees.

68 E. pallidiflorum, ILook. ! Stem leafy below ; leaves oblong -lanceolate or oblong,
bluntish ; flowers pale-yellow “ with a red stain at the top of (lie column,” in a short, loose,
simple, or branched raceme : peduncle distantly braeieate, with lanceolate-linear, scarious
bracts • perigonial divisions spnthulate-lanccolate or lanceolate-elliptical, bluntish ; Up

ORCHID EiE.

C17

■ shortly 3 dobed, roundish : lobes subequal, lateral spreading, middle subtruncate, 2-callous.
—Bot. Mag. t. 2980.— 8"-lV high ; leaves 5"~2i", sterile bracts ]2"'-6"', pengone O'"
long ; bracts upwards gradually shorter. — Hab. Dominica !, Itnr.

G9. E. fuscatum, Sto. ( L ., R.). Stem leafy below; leaves elliptical-oblong or oblong-
lanceolate, recur oed-apiculate ; flowers greenish or purple-greenish, in a short, compact,
long-peduncled raceme: peduncle sheathed, ivitli compressed-tubular, long, scarious bracts;
perigonial divisions bluutish, exterior spathulate-oblong, interior spathulate-linear ; lip cor-
date-roundish, slightly i-lobed: lateral lobes roundish, middle smaller, emarginate. — Jacq.
Amer. Piet. t. 208.— E. anceps, Jacq. ( non Stv.).— H'-3' high; leaves 5 "-8", perigone 4'"-
6"' long ; raceme l"-2" diam. : sterile bracts fertile H'"-3'" long.— Hab. Jamaica !,

Barter., Widlschl., March ; Antigua !, Wullschl., Dominica !, Imr., S. Vincent !, Guild.,
Grenada; [Cuba! to Guiana],

70. E. elongatum, Jacq. Stem leafy about the middle; leaves oblong-lanceolate,
bluntish or blunt ; floioers rosy, in a short, long-peduncled, simple, or few-branched raceme :
peduncle sheathed with long, tubular, scarious bracts ; perigonial divisions spathulate-lan-
ccolate or lanceolate ; lip 'i-lobed, puberulous within, 2-tubercled at the base, the middle
line crested: lobes denticulate, middle larger, 2 -fid; column distinctly 3-dentate at the
dilated summit.— Jacq. Amer. Piet. t. 207.— E. secundum, L.— 2'-4' high; leaves 4"-3",
raceme 1"- 2", perigone 6'" long ; bracts small.

a. Leaves tapering-bluntish.

P. crassifolium, Lindl. Leaves fleshy, rounded-blunt. — I see no difference in the lip, but
its crest less developed.

Hab. Antigua !, Nichols, (a), Dominica!, Imr. (a), S. Vincent C/3) ; Trinidml!, Bradf.
(jS), abundant near Pitch Lake, terrestrial ; [French islands ! to Venezuela].

71. E. Scliomburgkii, Lindl. Stem leafy about the middle ; leaves lanceolate,
bluntish ; flowers crimson, in a corymbose, long-peduncled raceme : peduncle sheathed with
long, tubular, scarious bracts ; perigonial divisions elliptical-lanceolate, acuminate ; lip
deeply 'i-lobed, 2-callous at the base, the middle line keeled : lobes dentate at the summit,
•lateral ascending, middle longer, cuneate-oblong. — Bot. Beg. 1838. t. 53. — 2-3' high;
leaves 4"-3", perigone 10'"-8"' long ; corymb 3"-4" diam. : bracts lanceolate-linear, inferior
6"' long. — IIab. Trinidad !, Bradf., Maraval ; [Guiana to Brazil and Peru].

72. E. fulgens, Brongn. ( non Focke). Stem leafy above ; leaves lanceolate, or
oblong-linear, bluntish ; flowers purplish-rosy , in a short, peduncled, simple, or branched
raceme : peduncle distantly sheathed with long , scarious bracts ; perigonial divisions ellip-
tical or elliptical-oblong, somewhat bluntish ; lip cordate-roundish, fimbriate-dentate,
nearly undivided, or with a short terminal lobe, 2-callous at the base, the middle line
keeled. — Buperrey, Voy. t. 60. — E. Sehomburgkii, var. confluens, Lindl. : but rather a form
of E. cinnabarinum, Salzm. (Bot. Reg. 1842. t. 25) with smaller flowers, and the terminal
lobe of the lip suppressed. — H'-2' high ; leaves 6"-3", raceme l''-2", perigone 6"' long ;
bracts lanceolate-liuear, inferior 6"'-4'"loug. — Hab. Trinidad I, Bradf. ; [if. cinnabarinum :
Venezuela to Brazil].

73. E. compressum, Gr. (n. sp.). Stem few -leaved, compressed; leaves lanceolate-
oblong, pointed ; flowers red, in a loose, racemiform panicle : peduncle distantly sheathed
with scarious, oblong, pointed bracts ; perigonial divisions pointed, exterior lanceolate, or
half-ovate-lanceolate, interior linear ; lip concave, shortly i-Jid : lateral lobes deltoid-ovate,
small, middle a little longer, recurved, linear-sub -i-gonal ; column small. — Habit of E. dif-
fusum, Sw. ; 1 J'-2' higli ; leaves about 3, alternate, much exceeded by the peduncled
panicle, 3"-4" long, spreading from a kceled-complicated sheath ; sterile bracts G"'-10'"
long, superior decrescent; perigone, 3"' long. — Hab. Trinidad !, Bradf.

** Stem leafy to the- inflorescence : sterile bracts none, or a few conform to the

fertile ones.

74. E. patens, Sw. sec. Lindl. ( R .). Stems leafy above ; leaves oblong-lanceolate,
pointed; flowers greenish-yellow, in a nodding raceme: bracts small, deltoid; perigonial
divisions spathulate-oblong ; lip equally i-lobed, 2-tubercled at the base : lobes blunt,
middle 2-lobed. — Bot. Mag. t. 3800. — From the description of E. patens, Sw. (“ (lores pn-
niculati ; bracteie liucari-lanceolattc”) neither his synonym is clear, nor docs our species

G18

0RCHIDE2E.

occur in tlxe Jamaica collections. V— 3J high; leaves G,,-4,,) perigone 9” long. IIab.
Jamaica? (Sto.) ; Trinidad!, Pd.

75. E. jamaicense, Lindl.i Stem leafy above; leaves oblong-lanceolate, pointed;
flowers pale, in a simple raceme : bracts lanceolate-linear-, perigonial divisions pointed,
exterior spathulate-lanceolate, interior spathulate-linear ; lip undivided, roundish, or broader
than long, undulate-subentire, mucronate, 2-callous at the base.— Allied to the preceding,
but bracts’ 6"'-8'"long; V high; leaves 5"-3", perigone 8"' long.— Hab. Jamaica!, Pd.,

on trees, Dunrobbin Castle.

76. E. bifarium, Sw. ( L .). Stem short, leafy; leaves lanceolate-linear, rounded-
auricl’ed at the clasping base ; flowers “ greenish-wliiter distantly distichous in an elongated,
spiciform raceme : bracts heeled-compressed , deltoid , tubular below and^ decurrent along
the compressed rhachis ; perigonial divisions exterior ovate-lauceolate,^ interior shorter,
setaceous : lip 2,-lobed : lateral lobes roundish, entire, middle 2-lobedP— Stem 2 -4 , ra-
ceme 6"-10" long ; leaves 2"-l", perigone 2"'-3'" long : flowers 3"'-6"' distant— Hab. Ja-
maica !, Macf., March, on trees, in high mountains.

77. E. rigidum, Jacq. (L. R.). Stem leafy ; leaves oblong, blunt, equal at the base ;
dowers greenish, distantly distichous in a spike ; bracts vaulted-ovate, keeled,: keel decur-
rent along the compressed rhachis ; perigonial divisions exterior ovate, interior lanceolate-
linear ; Up undivided, cordate-ovate, blunt: disk callous ; column dentat e.—Jacq. Amer.
Piet. t. 204. Hook. Ic. t. 314. — 6"-10" high; leaves 2'^ perigone 2 -3

Jamaica!, Macf., Pd., Wullschl., on trees; S. Vincent!, Guild. ; Trinidad!, Cr., Biadf.
[Cuba !, and Mexico to Brazil !].

78 E. strobiliferum, G. Rchb. Stem branched, leafy ; leaves lanceolate or ovate-

lanceolate, emarginate; flowers “white,” distichous in short, straight, terminal or lateral
spikes: bracts vaulted-ovate, bluntisb, not decurrent, exceeding the ovary ; perigonial divi-
sions exterior ovate-oblong, or oblong-lanceolate, interior ohlong-hnem^or linear undi-
vided, cordate-ovate, pointed : disk concave, devoid of prominent calli. 8 3 hi0h , leave

i nil i qiu perigone 1 long. .

a. Diffuse ; perigonial divisions exterior lateral oblique at the base, interior oblong-

lm/ T’Swartzii, G. Rchb. ms. Low ; spikes few-flowered, usually lateral ; perigonial divisions
exterior oblong-lanceolate, interior linear.— E. ramosum, var Sw.

Hab. Jamaica!, March, Wullschl. (P) ; Trinidad!, Cr., Bradf.; [Guiana.].

79 E ramosum, Jacq. (L. R.). Stem branched, leafy; leaves linear or lanceolate,

emaroinate ■ flowers greenish-white, distantly distichous in short, flexuose terminal spikes:
bracts ovate-oblong, or oblong, concave, blunt, not decurrent, exceeding the ovary ; perigo-
nial divisions extenor ovate-lanceolate, interior linear or oblong-liuear ; lip undivided cor-
date-ovate pointed (or bluntish) : disk concave, with two approximate shot t calk at the
base.— Jacq. Amer. Piet. t. 202.— 8"-lV high, spreading-branched, ascending ; leaves 13 4 .

perigone 3 4/^ long, the latter rigid. . . . ..

a Leaves linear ; perigone 3"' long : interior divisions linear.

P. lanceolatum. Leaves lanceolate; bracts larger, lower often sterile; perigone 4 long:

trees »«d rocks («, 0, Domini..!, 1-w [C.b.U.d

Mexico ! to Brazil]. , , .

SO E umb ellatum, Sw. (L.). Stem leafy; leaves oblong, or ovate-oblong, blunt, 01

£°basef S ddktobl cmargtnatet^column cut-deuticdate^K difforme Ja^. Amer. J W-
“206 • an unusual form with broad leaves and whit.sh flowers -6 -12 high, leaves

tip about twice as broad a£ ovate.0blong, or oval ; perigone 8"' long : exterior divisions
oH0«« lip I " brood or ere. often four .ones ..

broad as long.

ORCIIIDEiE.

619

Hab. Jamaica !, Pd., TFullsck/., on trees; Dominica !, I/nr. (a, B), S. Vincent !, Guild.;
Trinidad ; [Cuba ! to Brazil].

81. E. nocturnum, L. ( L .). Stem leafy; leaves oblong , or oval , blunt : flowers
whitish , or greenish-yellow, geminate-solitary : bracts ovate-lanceolate, much exceeded by
the long pedicel; perigonial divisions large, linear-acuminate; lip ‘A -fid : lateral lobes
ovate-oblong, as long as the denticulate column, middle longer, setaceous-linear. Jacq.
Amer. Piet. t. 210. Oatesb. Carol. 2. t. 68.— 1'-2' high ; leaves 5"-2", perigone

long. — Hab. Bahamas ( Catesb .) ; Jamaica !, Mac/., March. ; Dominica !, Irnr., S. Vincent !,
Guild.; Trinidad!, Cr., Brad/.; [Cuba! to Guiana! and Peru].

82. E. diffusum, Sw. (L., R.). Stem leafy; leaves ovate-oblong, or oblong, rounded-
bluutish ; flowers “ greenish-white ,” in a loose panicle : bracts minute ; perigonial divisions
exterior lanceolate, interior linear ; lip undivided, cordate-ovate, pointed, 3-crested, callous
at the base. — Bot. Mag. t. 3565. — 8"-lV high : panicle nearly as broad; leaves l£"-3",
perigone 4W long, red in drying. — Hab. Jamaica!, all coll., on trees; [Mexico! to
Guiana !].

83. E. verrucosum, Sw. (It.). Stem leafy; leaves oblong -lanceolate, or lanceolate ;
sheaths subcylindrical, warty : flowers greenish-yellow, in a large, spreading panicle .-
bracts subulate, small : perigonial divisions exterior elliptical-lanceolate, interior spathulate-
linear; lip S-fld: lateral lobes oblong-linear, spreading, denticulate at the blunt summit,
middle 2-lobed : disk 3-crested, middle crest narrower. — l£'-4' high : leaves 6"-4", peri-
goue 4"'-3 long. — Hab. Jamaica !, all coll., on trees.

84. E. vincentinum, Lindl. ! Stem low, leafy ; leaves lanceolate -linear, acuminate :
sheaths compressed ; flowers minute, in a narrow, few-flowered panicle: bracts subulate,
small, exceeded by the filiform pedicel ; perigonial divisions exterior lanceolate, interior
linear; lip undivided, cordate-roundish, undulate-crispate. — 3 "-4" high; leaves 1", peri-
gone lm long.— Hab. S. Vincent !, Guild.

§ 4. Lip free, or nearly free from the column ; stem equal at the base : leaves alternate ;

inflorescence terminal.

85. E. sthenopetalum, Hook. ( R .). Stem few-leaved above, sulcate; leaves linear,

or lanceolate -linear, emarginaie-blunt ; flo/vers rosy, in a few-flowered, subsessile corymb :
bracts scarious, small, ovate, pointed, sterile few , approximate, gradually larger ; perigonial
divisions pointed, exterior oblong-lanceolate, interior broader, elliptical-oblong ; lip undi-
vided, obovate, entire, transversely crested at the contracted, pale base ; column dentate at
the summit. — Bot. Mag. t. 3410 : I have added the letter li to the specific name, on ac-
count of the broad petals. — Oncidium emargiuatum, Meg. Esseq. ! — fl-2' high ; leaves
3"—4", perigone long. — Hab. Jamaica (Hook.); Trinidad !, Brad/., common on dying

trees; [Honduras to Guiana!].

86. E. teretifolium, Sw. ( R .). Stem leafy, simple, 1 -floioered ; leaves linear, trique-
trous-subcylindrical, fleshy, blunt ; flower yellowish-green : bracts 2, membranaceous, ovate -
late ; perigonial divisions “ exterior lanceolate, pointed, interior elliptical, half as long ; lip
undivided, striate, Ihiclcened-A-quelrous at the summit.” — Cymbidium, Sw. Isochilus,
Lindl. — l'-H' high ; leaves l,[”-2", bracts 4"'-6'" long, the latter keeled. — Hab. Jamaica !,
March, on trees, in high mountains ; [Cuba].

87. E. glob o sum, Jacq. (R.). Stem leafy, simple, few-flowered; leaves linear, chan-
nelled-subcylindrical, bluntish ; flowers yellowish, reddish-variegated, in a sessile, contracted
umbel : bracts small, membranaceous, ovate, blunt ; perigonial divisions ovate, interior
smaller; “ lip undivided, ovate, pointed, concave.” — Jacq. Amer. Piet. t. 203. — Cymbi-
diurn, Sw. isochilus, Lindl.!— 2"-6" high, ctespitose; loaves 8"'-10"', bracts 1"' long;
flowers small. — IIab. Jamaica!, Mac f., Pd., Wullschl., on trees; Dominica!, Imr., S. Vin-
cent ; [Cuba ! to French islands !].

10. BRODGHTONIA, R. Br.

Character of Epidendrum, but lip produced into an adnate-deeurrent, linear spur. — Scape
terminal from an aerial tuber ; (lowers crimson, racemose.

2 s

620

ORCIIIDEjE.

88. B. sanguinea, R. Br. — SI. t. 121./. 2. — Dendrobiuin, Sw. Epidendrum, Sw. —
Tuber oval-oblong, 2-leaved; scape 8"-15" high; leaves lanceolate-oblong, or oblong-
linear, as long as the scape ; raceme 5-12-flowered ; perigone 8'"-10'" long: exterior
divisions lanceolate, or ohlong, interior broadly-elliptical ; lip undivided, obcordate-rouudish,
subsessile. — IIab. Jamaica !, all coll., on trees, in the low lands, Westmoreland; [Cuba!].

11. CATTLEYA, Until.

Character of Epidendrum, but lip free, sessile, convolute below around the column. —
Scape terminal from a 2-1-leaved aerial tuber ; leaves leathery ; flowers few-solitary sup-
ported by spathaceous bracts.

89. C. Skinxieri, Batem., var. parviflora, Hook. Tubers subcompressed, lanceolate-
oblong, often several-nodal, 2-leaved; leaves oval, or oval-oblong, blunt; spathe 2-leaved,
supporting the 2-6 (-8) -flowered scape ; perigone rosy : divisions pointed, exterior oblong-
lanceolate, interior oblong ; lip undivided, elliptical-oblong, pointed, convolute at the base.
Bot. Mag. t. 4916. — C. Deckeri, Kl. Epidendrum Huegelianum, var., G. Rchb.: a has
larger flowers and a “blunt lip,” and is possibly the <? of our form, in which all pollinaria
“proved imperfect” {Bradf.) .— Stem 6"-8", leaves 4"-6", perigone 1" long.— Hab. Trini-
dad !, Cr., Bradf, common ; [Guatemala, along the damp coast].

12. L/TiLIA, Lindl.

Lip free, sessile, 3-lobed, chaunelled-convolute around the column below the division.
Pollinia 8 : caudiculm 4. — Scape terminal from an aerial tuber ; leaves fleshy ; flowers
large, supported by spathaceous bracts.

90. L. superbiens, Lindl. “Tuber elliptical-oblong, 2-1 -leaved; leaves oblong;”
flowers corymbose, rosy with a purple and yellow-variegated lip : bracts oblong-lanceolate,
large, exceeding the pedicel, inferior sterile ; perigonial divisions lanceolate-oblong, bluntish,
flat ; lateral lobes of the lip broadly oblong, middle about half as long, broader than long ,
emarginate -blunt, crested at the base: crests 5, longitudinal, broad, truncate, dentate;
column dentate at the summit.— Bot. Mag. t. 4090 : in our form the flowers are less nu-
merous.—Bletia, G. Rchb. — Stout ; bracts 2"-2|", flowers 2/' long.— Hab. Jamaica!, Pd,,
Wils. ; [Mexico to Costarica].

13. BRASSAVOLA, R. Br.

Lip free, clawed, nearlv undivided : claw channelled, convolute around the column. Pol-
linia 8.— Leaf solitary, narrow, fleshy ; inflorescence terminal.

* Stem cylindrical, sheathed , 1-leaved towards the summit : no aerial tubers.

91. B. cucullata, R. Br. {R.). Leaf subcylindrieal, linear-acuminate ; flower soli-
tary ■ perigonial divisions long, lanceolate-linear, acuminate ; lip shortly clawed, cufiil late-
subulate, fimbriate at the margin below its long, linear-acuminate, terminal appendage —
Bot. Mag. t. 543.— Epidendrum, L. Bletia, G. Rchb. — Csespitose, about 1' high ; leat

long, 2"' diam. ; perigoue yellowish-white, long. — Hab. Dominica !, Imr.,

S. Vincent \, Guild. ; Trinidad 1, Bradf., abundant ; [Mexico to Venezuela].

92. B. cordata, Lindl. ( R .). Leaf complicated-linear, acuminate, recurved ; flowers
corymbose; perigonial divisions lanceolate-linear, acuminate, about as long as their distance
from the axis ; lip subcordate-roundish, cuspidate, entire, scarcely as long as the claw.
Bot. Mag. t. 3782. — Bletia, G. Rchb. — 8"-12" high ; leaf 6‘ '-8" long: its sides 4" broad,
perigone greenish with a white lip, lV'long. — Hab. Jamaica I, M Nab, Iful/schl.; [Brazil].

93. B. Sloanei, Or. Leaf “ channelled-haf cylindrical, linear-acuminate, straightish ;”
flowers corymbose ; perigonial divisions lanceolate-linear, acuminate, shorter than their dis-
tance from the axis ; Up subcordate-roundish, mucronate, entire, longer than the claw.—
St t 221 [■ 3. Bot. Mag. t. 3229.— B. nodosa, Hook, {non Lindl. in Bot . Reg.). B.
subniifolia, Lindl." (“ leaves very narrow ”) : Cymbidium subulatum, Sw., if erroneously de-
scribed may possibly belong to this ; it is, however a quite doubtful Orclud, of which, in

0RCHIDE2E.

621

Swartz’s herbarium, G. Rchb. fouud only a single leaf.— Perigone smaller than in the pre-
ceding, 12"'-14'" long. — Hab. Jamaica!, Nevis (B. snbulifolia, Lindl.).

94. B. nodosa, Lindl. (It.). Leaf “ channelled , lanceolate-acuminate flowers few,

large, corymbose ; perigonial divisions linear-acuminate, longer than their distance from the
axis • lip ovate-roundish , long-cuspidate, entire, somewhat longer than the claw, the latter
often serrulate. — Jacq. Amer. Piet. t. 213. Bat. Reg. 1840. t. 39.— Epidendrum, Jacq,
Sic., L. (ex cl. syn. SI.). Bletia, G. Rchb. B. venosa, Lindl. ! : this I know not how to
distinguish from B. nodosa, Bot. Reg. — Perigone much larger than in both preceding
species, 2"-2i" long. — Hab. Jamaica!, Macf, Pd., March, Bancr. ; [Baru ; Mexico to
New Granada !].

** Scape terminal from an aerial tuber.

95. B. vomeriformis, G. Rclib. (in lit.) “ Leaf lanceolate-oblong, bluntish, keeled—
3-quetrous, sessile upon a small aerial tuber, as long as the \-flowered scape ; flowers . . •
— Epidendrum, Sw. Bletia, G. Rchb. — (< Allied to B. pumilio, G. Rchb., whieh has ex-
serted scapes; tubers scarcely 2'" long, approximate-serial; leaf 5"'-6'" long.” — Hab. Ja-
maica (Sw.), on trees.

14. LiELIOPSIS, Lindl.

Lip free, sessile, emarginate-subentire, convolute below, membranaceous. Pollinia 8. —
Scape terminal from an aerial tuber ; leaves leathery ; flowers corymbose, devoid of spa-
thaceous bracts.

96. It. domingensis, Lindl. Tubers l(-2)-leaved ; leaf oblong-linear, bluntish,
creuulate, much shorter than the scape ; perigone pale-blue . divisions exterior lanceolate,
interior elliptical-oblong ; lip little exserted, obovate, broadly emarginate, crispate-undulate :
veins hairy within. — Gattleya, Lindl. Bletia, G. Rchb. ! — la’— 2’ high ; leal 4"— 6", perigone
about H" long. — Hab. Jamaica!, March, on trees; [Cuba!; Haiti!].

15. SCHOMBURGKIA, LincU.

Lip shortly adnate to the margin of the column at its base : lateral lobes or lower part
convolute. Pollinia 8. — Scape terminal from an aerial, fusiform tuber; leaves fleshy-
leathery ; flowers racemose, often crispate : bracts large, spalhaceous.

97. S. carinata, Gr. (n. sp.). Leaves oblong, blunt; flowers variegated; bracts as
long as the pedicels and ovary, spreading, sterile, appressed-sheathing ; perigonial divisions
oblong, blunt, crispate, exceeding the lip ; lip undivided, ovate-oblong, pointed, crispate at
the margin, 5 -keeled within : keels straightish, narrow, entire, subequal, tapering above ;
column 3-dentate at the summit, exceeded by the lip. — Habit of S. gloriosa (Bot. Mag. t.
3729) ; leaf 8" long, la" broad; raceme 1', bracts 3", perigone 1" long, the latter densely
spotted with purple (in drying). — Hab. Jamaica !, Pd., S. Anns, on trees.

98. S. undulata, Lindl. Leaves lanceolate-oblong, rounded-blunt ; flowers violet-
purple with a crimson-rosy lip : bracts exceeded at length by the ovary ; perigonial divi-
sions oblong-linear, bluntish, crispate, exceeding the lip; lip 3 dobed : lateral lobes roundish,
middle broadly clawed, ovale, bluntish, longitudinally 1 -crested: crests undulate; column
much shorter than the lip. — Bot. Reg. 1845. t. 53. — Bletia, G. Rchb. — 4' high; leaves
1 0"— 12" long, 2" broad; bracts membranaceous, IV' long; perigone If long: divisions
3'"-4'" broad. — Hab. Trinidad 1, Bradf., uncommon, on trees; [Venezuela; New Granada].

16. BLETIA, R. P.

Lip free, sessile, cucullate below its division, gibbous at the base, usually longitudinally
crested within. Pollinia 8. — Tuber depressed, terrestrial, terminated by a tuft of plaited,
charlaceous, acuminate leaves ; scape lateral ; flowers racemose.

99. B. florida, R. Br. (R.). Leaves linear or linear-lanceolate (12m-4'" broad) ;
flowers rosy (or white) with a white middle lobe of the lip ; perigonial divisions exterior
ovate-lanceolate, with a bluntish point, interior ovate, bluntish ; lip vs -crested : middle lobe
cuneate-roundish, crispate.— Bot. Reg. t. 1401— Scape l'-2' high, simple; perigone
lQ'"-8'" long. — Hab. Jamaica!, Wullschl., on rocky soil; Trinidad!; [Venezuela].

2 s 2

622

0RCHIDE7E.

100. B. purpurea, DC. Leaves linear or lincar-laneeolate (12'"-4m broad) ; flowers
purplish-rosy with a crimson-purple middle lobe of the lip ; perigonial divisions subacute,
exterior ovate-lanceolate, interior ovate ; lip 7 (-9 )-crested : middle lobe cuneale-roundish,
crispate. — Red. Lit. ii. t. 83 : flower bad. — Scape few-branched or simple : proportions of
the preceding. — Hab. Bahamas !, Swains.

101. B. verecunda, R. Dr. Leaves linear-lanceolate (10",-12", broad) ; flowers
purple; perigonial divisions exterior ovate, pointed, interior oblong, blunt ; lip 5-cresled :
middle lobe broader than long, undulate. — Jacq. Ic. Rar. t. 602. — Limodorum altum, Jacq.
— Scape 2'-3' high, few-branched; perigone 10",-8'" long. — IIab. Jamaica {Si/;.) ; [Cuba
to Caribbean islands],

102. B. Shepherdii, Hook. Leaves lanceolate-oblong {2"-2f broad) ; flowers pur-

ple ; perigonial divisions exterior ovate, pointed, interior oblong, bluntish ; liq> 5- crested :
middle lobe broader than long, crispate. — Dot. Mag. t. 3319. — B. patula, Lindl. PI.
Wright. — Scape 3' high, simple or few-branched; perigone long.— Hab. Jamaica !,

Dist. ; [Cuba].

17. TETRAM1CRA, Lindl.

Lip free, sessile, expanded, 3-lobed. Pollinia 8. — Stem terrestrial : no tubers ; leaves
narrow, rigid ; flowers racemose.

103. T. rigida, Lindl. {R.). Scape distantly sheathed, few-branched above or simple ;
leaves few, half-cylindrical-linear, channelled, acuminate, recurved ; lip exserted, 2,-partiie :
lateral segments spreading, ovate, middle large, obovate-rouudish, 5-striate. Hamilt.
Prodr. Leon. Dot. Blag. t. 3098.— Bletia, G. Rchb. Cyrtopodium elegans, Ham. (Bras-
savola, Hoolc.).— V -2' high, rigid; leaves 4"-8" long, If" broad; perigone 6"' long,
greenish with a rosy, purple-striate lip. — -Hab. Antigua!, Nichols., Wullschl., on rocks;
Trinidad !, Dradf. ; [Haiti ! ; Desirade].

104. T. parvifiora, Lindl. I Scape distantly sheathed, simple, slender; leaves few,
short, complicated, oblong-linear, pointed, much recurved, flesliy ; lip shortly exserted,
deeply 2,-fid, callous at the base: lateral lobes half-ovate-oblong, middle larger, ovate,
bluntish.— Bletia, G. Rchb.— 6"-8" high; leaves 6"'-10"' long, 2'" broad; perigone 3
long. — Hab. Jamaica !, Macf.

105. T. montana, Gr. Stem leafy above, distantly sheathed below, simple; leaves
linear-lanceolate, acuminate, plaited-striate, flattish, sheathing at the base ; raceme few-
flowered; lip ovate-oblong, slightly 3-lobed above , crenulate : middle lobe shorter, ovate,
blunt. — Bot. Mag. t. 2823. — Cymbidium, Sw. Bletia, G. Rchb. Octomeria serratifolia,
Book.!— 1' high; leaves 2"-3" long, 3"'-5'" broad; perigone 5"'-6'" long, white, ycl-
lowish-variegated. — Hab. Jamaica!, Macf., Wils.; [Haiti!].

18. PH A JUS, Lour.

Pollinia

Lip shortly adnate to the base of the column, spurred, 3-lobed, or subentire.

8. — Stem terrestrial ; leaves broad, plaited-chartaceous ; flowers large.

106. P. grandifolius, Lour. {R.). Scape distantly sheathed below ; leaves elliptical-
obloug, pointed; flowers in a loose raceme, white {Wullschl.)-, perigonial divisions obloug-
lanceolate, pointed; lip obovate, obsoletely 3-lobed above, undulate : middle lobe refuse:
•spur short. — Bot. Mag. t. 1924— Bletia Tankervillise, R. Dr— H high; perigone nearly
2" long, spreading. — Hab. Jamaica !, Wullschl., Al., rare : Bctbany ; [trop. Asia to Hong-
kong; trop. America].

19. EVELYNA, Pcepp., Endl.

Lip free, sessile, convolute below, saccate at the base. Pollinia 8, at length powdery :
caudiculic very short.— Stem leafy : no aerial tubers ; leaves plaited-chartaceous ; flowers
supported by large bracts, in terminal heads or spikes.

107 E. capitata, Pcepp., Endl. {R.). Stem leafy to the summit; leaves oblong-lan-
ceolate; acuminate, uppermost lanceolate; terminal head depressed-he, 'f.
imbricate, foliaccous, ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, about as long as the purple flouers .

0RCI1IDE2E.

623

“lip obovate, emarginatc.” — Pcepp. Endl.N. Gen. t. 56. — Bletia, B. Br. Elleanthus, G.
Rchb — l'-3' high, rigid; leaves 6"-8" long, 1" broad ; head 2" diam— Hab. Jamaica!,
Mac/., March, Eon ; Trinidad !, Or., on trees ; [Venezuela to Brazil! and Peru !].

108. E. longibracteata, Lindl. ! {in Herb. Hook). Stem leafy to the summit ;

leaves oblong-lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate, narrowly acuminate, few uppermost smallei,
lanceolate ; terminal spike oblong : bracts striate-scarious, ovate-subulate, spreading, ex-
ceecling the tlowers ; lip shortly 2>-lobed : middle lobe deltoid, bluntish, recurved.-— Allied to
E. furfuracea, Lindl.— 1 '-2' high ; leaves 3''-8" long, broad ; bracts 10"'-6"' long,

pale-brown ; perigone 4//f— 3,,/ long : divisions oblong : lip as long, convolute below the
division, oblong, with 2 ovate-lanceolate calli at the base and 2 small, transverse crests at
the origin of the lobes : lateral lobes roundish, all repand. — Hab. Jamaica !, Macf., March :
Dominica!, Imr. (broader-leaved, in fruit) ; [New Granada!; Ecuador !; Bolivia!].

20. ISOCH1LUS, R. Br., G. Rchb.

Lip spathulate-linear, free: claw incurved. Pollinia 6: 4 larger, 2 smaller sessile. —
Stem leafy above: no aerial tubers ; leaves striate, flat; flowers in a terminal, one-sided
spike.

109. I. linearis, R. Br. ( L.,R .). Leaves linear, emarginate-blunt ; flowers purple:
bracts ovate-lanceolate, bluntish. — Jacg. Amer. Piet. t. 201. — Slender, V— lV high; leaves
distichous, 1^, perigone 3W-4W long. — Hab. Jamaica!, all coll., on rocks and trees,
common ; Dominica !, Imr., S. Vincent !, Guild. ; Trinidad !, Sch. ; [Cuba ! and Mexico !
to South Brazil !] .

21. HEXADESMIA, Brongn.

Lip spathulate or obovate, free from the column : claw produced at the incurved base,
cohering with the base of the perigone. Pollinia 6, subequal : caudiculte of the 2 anterior
ones very short. — Stem 1 -few-leaved: aerial tuber narrow, fusiform ; flowers fascicled or
racemose.

110. H. fusiformis, Gr. Stem ascending: internodes single or few, each fusiform,
with a single, suberect leaf at its summit ; leaves linear, emarginate-blunt, striate ; peduncle
terminal, short, enclosed by a membranaceous, oblong bract : flowers few, fascicled ; perigo-
nial divisions oblong-lanceolate, pointed, interior broader ; lip undivided, spathulate, repand-
subtruncate at the summit. — Isochilus, Lindl., e Trinidad, sec. Bradf. (“ excl. pi. cult. ap.
Lindl., sive Epidendr. fusiform!, G. Rchb.” sec. G. Rchb. in lit). — 6"-8" high (the leaf in-
cluded) ; interuodes li"-2", leaves 4"-5" long, the latter 2'"-3'" broad ; bracts
perigone 3"' long, its divisions erect, equalling the lip. — Hab. Trinidad !, Cr., Bradf. ;
Maracas, Maraval.

22. PONERA, Lindl.

Lip spathulate or oblong, free from the column : claw cohering with the produced base of
the perigone. Pollinia 4 : caudicukc 2. — Stem narrow-leaved ; flowers axillary, fascicled,
or glomerate.

111. P. prolifera, G. Rchb. Stems flexuose, devoid of aerial tubers, cr slightly fusi-
form at the base ; leaves linear, bluntish, obliquely emarginate, spreading, 2 uppermost ap-
proximate ; flowers glomerate at the leaved or aphyllous nodes ; “ perigonial divisions
lanceolate, blunt; lip obcordate.” — Bot. Reg. 1. 825. — Cymbidium, Sw. Isochilus, R. Br.
— Stem 6"-l 2", leaves 1£"-1" long, the latter 2"' broad; flowers small, “purple or white.”
— IIab. Jamaica {Sw), on trees, in the mountains ; [Guiana !].

23. IIEXISEA, Lindl.

Lip adnate to the base of the column and “ of the perigone.” Pollinia 4, “ devoid
of caudicukc.” — Stem rigid, ascending, narrow-leaved ; flowers in few-flowered, contracted ,
terminal, or axillary racemes.

112. H. reflexa, G. Rchb. I Stems hanging-proliferous, cylindrical, 1 -leaved at their
divisions ; leaves rigid, thickish, narrowly linear-acuminate, channelled, much longer than

624,

ORCIIIDE/E.

the internodes ; flowers in short, suhsessilc, contracted racemes at the axils, whitish : pedi-
cels concealed hy membranaceous bractlets; perigouial divisions pointed, exterior oblong-
linear, interior linear ; lip recurved, obovate, emarginate, 3-callous ; column 3-dentate at the
summit. — Stems at length 8'— 1 O' long {Brad/.), hanging from the branches of high trees;
leaves 6"'-10"' long, scarcely 1"' broad ; racemes 8"'-10'" long, subcylindrical (or reduced
to a single flower); perigone 2"' loDg. — Hab. Trinidad!, Cr., Bradf., very common;
[Guiana !, Kegel, 1422],

Tuibr III. VANDB2E. — Pol/inaria waxy, attached to a separable sligmatic gland.

Anther of Malaxidese. — Vegetation usually aerial.

24. NANODES, Lindl.

“ Lip adnate to the column, and cohering with the exterior lateral perigonial divisions.
Pollinaria 4, sessile on the gland.” — Stem low, leafy : no tubers ; leaves fleshy -coriaceous,
distichous ; flowers sessile, terminal.

113. N. discolor, Lindl.— Bot. Beg. t. 1541.— The Trinidad species, though agreeiug
with the figure, must still be verified, our specimens being in fruit.— Csespitose, creeping,
l"-3" long; leaves ovate-oblong, emarginate-bluut, sheathing, spreading, about 8'" long,
densely approximate; flowers small, “violet,” solitary (or geminate). — Hab. Trinidad!,
Cr., Las Cuevas; [Brazil].

25. LOCKIIARTIA, IIoolc.

Lip free, 3-lobed : perigonial divisions free. Column 2-auricled at the summit : pollinaria
2, elavate, sessile on the gland. — Stem leafy : no tubers ; leaves equitant- distichous, imbri-
cate ; inflorescence axillary.

114. L. acuta, G.Bclib. Leaves ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, flat-compressed; cymes
dichotomous, spreading, exserted, confined to one or few of the uppermost axils : bracts
cordate-deltoid ; lateral lobes of the lip deltoid-dentiform, middle emarg mate. —Bot. Reg.
t. 1806. — Eernandezia, Lindl— Stem l'-li' long, pendulous ; leaves 8'"-10"', perigone 2
long, the latter yellowish-white.— Hab. Trinidad !, Bradf. ; [Venezuela].

115. L. elegans , Hoolc. Leaves ovate-lanceolate, bluntish, flat-compressed ; peduncles
2_] -flowered, exserted: bracts cordate-deltoid ; lobes of the lip lateral short, middle oblong,
blunt: “tubercles of its disk numerous.”— Bot. Mag. <.2715. — Fernandezia, Lindl.
£'-lV long ; leaves f'-lf, perigone 2"' long, the latter yellow with purple spots— Hab.
Trinidad !, Cr., Bradf. ; [Veraguas !; Venezuela !; Brazil].

26. DICH2EA, Lindl.

Lip free undivided : perigonial divisions free, conuivent. Column naked : “ pollinaria
4 : caudiculEB cuneate, gland minute.”— Stem leafy : no tubers ; leaves equitant-dislichous,
spreading ; flowers solitary, axillary.

116. D. echinocarpa, Lindl. Leaves approximate, oblong, cuspidate-acute; “lip
sasittate-obloug ;” capsule ovoid, pilose-muricate : its pedicel much shorter than the leaf.—
Aubl. t. 322. — Cymbidium, Sw. Limodorum pendulum, Aubl. — Pendulous or decumbent ;
leaves 8"'-l O'" long ; flowers “pale-yellows with a blue lip, 3"' long. — Hab. Jamaica !, all
coll., on trees and rocks among mosses ; [Cuba ! to South Brazil !].

117 D muricata, Lindl. ( R .). Leaves approximate, oblong, mucronate- blunt or
rounded at the summit ; capsule half-obovate-oblong, pilose-muricate : its pedicel about
half as long as the leaf. — Cymbidium, Sw. — Suberect or scandent ; leaves 6 8 long;
flowers “ larger than in the preceding ” fw.).

a Leaves mucronate-blunt ; pedicels shorter than half the leaf.

p lat folia, Lindl. Leaves rounded at the little mucronate point ; pedicels little exceeded

bytL ^Jamaica!, all coll, (a, P) ; Dominical, Imr. (fl), S. Vincent!, Guild. ($) ; [Cuba!
to French islands!].

118. D. trichocarpa } Lindl. Leaves oblong-linear > pointed, recurved ; ‘ lip concave.

ORCIIIDEiE.

625

roundish capsule ovoicl-globose , muricate-pilose : its pedicel little exceeded by the leaf.
Cvmbidium, Sw. D. squarrosa, Limit., in PI. Wright— Radicant, pendulous; leaves 4 -
6 long, broad ; flowers 1 long— Hab. Jamaica {Sw.) ; [Cuba !J.

119. D. graminea, Gr. Leaves linear-lanceolate, pointed, spreading ; lip sagittate-
roundish ; capsule ovoid, glabrous, smooth : its pedicel about half as long as the leaf.— Sw.
Adnot. 1. 1. f.l.—D. graminoides, Lindt ! (Cymbidium, Sw., Isochilus, Hook.!).—V) ittuse,
ascending, low, 4"-6"high ; leaves 6"'-12"' long, 2"' broad ; flowers 2"'-3"' long, ‘ whitish.
— Hab. Jamaica!, Pd., on trees, Moorce’s Gap; S. Vincent!, Guild.; Tnmdad ., Li.,
Bradf., common on mossy branches, in cool, damp woods ; [Guiana !].

120. D. g-lauca, Lindl. ! Leaves linear-oblong, mucronale blunt, glaucous beneath ;
lip sagittate-reniform, broadly clawed, exceeded by the perigone ; capsule elliptical-oblong ,
glabrous, smooth, 3-gonal, mnch exceeded by the leaves. — Stouter than all the preceding
species, l'-2' high, erect, simple ; leaves 1^"— long, 4w-6m broad ; flowers 6 long,
whitish. — IIab. Jamaica!, Macf., on trees, in the upper region of the Blue Mountains;
[Cuba ! ; Mexico !].

27. AERANTHES, Lindl.

Lip jointed with the base of the column, spurred : perigonial divisions distinct. Column
short : pollinaria 2 : caudiculse as many, distinct. — Leafy or aphyllous epiphytes : no tubers ;
inflorescence axillary or on radical scapes.

121. A. micrantha, G. Rchb. ! Stem leafy, pendulous-radicant , leaves distichous,
oblong, blunt, obliquely emarginate, exceeding the axillary, sessile, many-flowered spikes :
flowers one-sided, white ; perigonial divisions oblong-lanceolate, bluntish, spreading at the
summit ; lip conform, except at the cucullate, subulate base, channelled, little longer than
the curved, thiekish, bluntly clavate spur. — Bot. Reg. t. 1772. — Angrsecum, Lindl. — G.
Rchb. {in lit) distinguishes the Jamaica form {A. jamaicensis, ej.) by the leaves, thicker
and devoid of transverse veinlets, and other characters, which from our materials do not
prove constant. Stem a few inches to several feet long ; leaves at length leathery, 1
long, sheathing, about 8"' distant from each other ; spikes single or fascicled, 1" long, re-
curved ; perigone 2'" long. — Hab. Jamaica!, Pd., M‘Nab, on trees; Trinidad!, Bradf. ,
very common, in dry, open places; [Venezuela!, Guiana ! ; Sierra Leone {Lindt)).

122. A. filiformis, Gr. Stemless, aphyllous ; peduncles radical, fascicled, short; spike
loose, many(-fevv)-flowered: flowers small, “yellow;” perigonial divisions ovate-lanceolate,
pointed ; lip conform, as long as or little longer than the broadly clavate, thiekish, at
length reflexed-ascending spur. — Sw. Adnot. t. 1 . /. 2. — Limodorum, Sw. Angrrecum,
Lindl. — Stem reduced to a scaly knob at the origin of the shortly peduncled spikes, the latter
\\"-2" long, their axis slender, somewhat puberulous . aerial roots fascicled, much longer
than the bundle of spikes ; flowers distichous, about 1"' distant from each other : perigone
1"' long or less. — Hab. Jamaica !, M‘Nab, Pd., Wils., on calabash- and logwood-trees ;
Trinidad !, Bradf, on calabash-trees, rare ; [Haiti ; New Granada !].

123. A. funalis, G. Rchb. I Aphyllous: aerial roots stout, fascicled; scapes distantly
sheathed, few-flowered : flowers large, pedicellate, greenish- white ; perigonial divisions ob-
long-lanceolate, spreading ; lip difform, roundish above the contracted base, 2 -lobed, with
rounded, spreading lobes, about half as long as the subulate-filiform, straight-descending
spur. — Bot. Mag. t. 4295. — Limodorum, Sw. Angrsecum, Lindt Gieeoclades, Lindl.
—Roots often several feet, scape l"-4", perigone 6"' long ; lip 8'" broad, white — Hab.
Jamaica I, Pd., Wils., M'Nab, on trees.

28. ORNITH1DIUM, Salisb.

IAp ascending, cucullate, continuous (rarely jointed) with the base of the column : perigo-
nial divisions erect-spreading. Column naked, antrorsely gibbons : pollinaria 4, caudiculce
oblong or linear, gland minute. — Stem ascending or radicant, branched, sheathed by i/nbri-
cate-distichous scales, distantly leaved : aerial tubers 1 -phyllous ; flowers axillary.

* Flowers glomerate.

124. O. vestitum, G. Rchb.! Tubers oblong, truncate, compressed; leaves oblong-.

626

ORCHIDEiE.

linear , acuminate, with a bluniish point ; flowers glomerate, “ white perigouial divisions
erect-spreading, ovate, hluut ; lip ovate, blunt, obsoletely 3-lobed : blade abruptly clawed,
longer than the continuous claw : basilar callus transverse, not produced to the margin. —
Cymbidium, Siv. {sec. G. Rchb., who compared Swartz’s original). Camaridium imbricatuin,
Lindt, in Herb. Hoolc. O. parvifiorum, G. Rchb.! — Stout, woody ; scales appressed-sheath-
iug, ovate, pointed, 4'"-6'" long, gradually enlarged towards the tubers, the latter 1"-1£"
long ; leaves 6"-S" long, 10"'-12"' broad ; flowers in dense clusters near the summit of the
branches; perigone 2"'-3"' long, not exceeding the lanceolate-acuminate bract. — Hab. Ja-
maica !, I'd., Wullschl., on rocks above Radnor, on old trees, Manchester ; [Venezuela !].

125. O. confertum, Gr. Tubers elliptical-oblong, compressed; leaves linear-acumi-
nate ; flowers glomerate, white- and purple-variegated ; perigouial divisions erect-spreading,
bluntish, exterior ovate, interior oblong ; lip deltoid, bluntish : blade contracted into the
jointed claw, as long as it : basilar callus transverse, excurrent to the margin. — Cama-
ridium vestitum, Lindl. I {PI. Wright.). — A few inehes-1' high; scales appressed, ovate,
pointed, 4'" long, except the large ones around the tubers ; tubers 8"'-12'" leaves 3"-5" long,
the latter chartaceous-flat, 3"'-5'" broad ; flowers in dense, distant clusters : perigone 2'" long,
little exserted from the bract. — Hab. Trinidad !, Bradf., not uncommon; [Cuba !].

** Floivers fascicled, long-pedicellate.

126. O. coccineum, Salisb. {R.). Stem low, sheathed with distichous scales below :
tubers oval or roundish, compressed ; leaves approximate, linear-lanceolate, blunt, obliquely
emarginate; flowers crimson, long-pedicellate, fascicled, nodding; perigonial divisions
spreading, ovate-lanceolate, pointed ; lip undivided, ovate-oblong , bluniish, contracted above
the broadly obovate, concave, continuous base.- — Jacq. Amer. Piet. t. 205. — Epidendrum,
Jacq. Cymbidium, Sw.- — Leaves 6"-12" long, 8",-T0", broad ; perigone 4'" long. — Hab.
Jamaica {Sw.) ; Dominical, Imr., S. Vincent !, Guild.; [French islands!].

29. MAXILLARIA, R. P.

Lip jointed with the produced, claw-like base of the column, cucullate : perigonial divi-
sions exterior lateral adhering to the column at their oblique base. Column narrow, ascend-
ing : poliinaria 4, incumbent or two posterior adhering to the anterior ones : caudicula
short : gland semilunar. — Stem elongated or reduced, usually with aerial tubers.

-v

Sect. 1. Eumaxillaeia, Lindl. — Flowers single, axillary. — Stem scaly and leafy ; leaves
chartaceous or leathery, not plaited.

127. M. alba, Lindl. / Stem compressed, leafy at the summit : scales distichous-im-
bricate, pointed: tubers oval-oblong, compressed, 1-leaved; leaves oblong-linear, compli-
cate-keeled, bluntish, leathery-chartaceous ; flowers white, exserted ; perigonial divisions ob-
long-lanceolate, acuminate with a bluntish point, spreading-erect, striate ; lip obsoletely 3-
lobed : middle lobe ovate, bluntish : callus single, longitudinal. — Leaves 9"-lS" long, 8'"-
10'" broad; perigone 10"'-8'" long. — Hab. Jamaica!, March; Trinidad!, Bradf., uncom-
mon on trees ; [Cuba ! to Guiana].

128. M. crassifolia, G. Rchb. (A.) Stem reduced, few-scaly ; tubers few or wanting,
1-leaved; leaves rosulate, oblong-linear, bluntish, leathery, keeled, complicate towards the
base only ; flowers “ yellow,” exserted ; perigonial divisions oblong-lanceolate, acuminate,
with a bluntish point, erect, striate; lip obsoletely 3-lobed: middle lobe ovate-oblong,
blunt • callus single. — Bot. Reg. t. 1028. — Heterotaxis, Lindl. Dicrypta Baueri, Lindl. —
Longest leaves I f long, 9"'-10'" broad ; perigone G"'-8"' long.— Hab. Jamaica !, M‘Nab ;
[Cuba ! to Venezuela].

129. M. (?) inflexa, Gr. “ Stem elongated, somewhat branched : tubers 2-leaved ;
leaves unequal, leathery, oblong, channelled at the base ; flowers single ; perigonial divisions
ovate, pointed; lip 3-lobed: lateral lobes faleate-inflexed, middle roundish, tubcrclcd at the
base.” — Camaridium, Lindl. {Ann. Nat. Hist. 5. 116). — “Leaves about 2" long. Hab.
Dominica {Lindl.).

Sect. 2. Xylobium, Lindl. — Inflorescence radical. — Stem reduced: leaves plaited.

130. M. rufescens, Lindl. ! Scape 1 -flowered, few-shealhed, as long as the 1-leaved,

0RCH1DE2E.

627

oval-oblong tubers ; leaves lanceolate-oblong, pointed, or with a bluntish point , complicate
towards the base, chartaceous ; flower yellow, b rownish-spol ted chiefly on the lip ; perigo-
nial divisions lanceolate-oblong, somewhat pointed, spreading ; lip 3-fld, longitudinally
callous from the base to the division : lateral lobes small, middle oblong, blunt, or refuse.—
Bot. lleg. t. 1848.— Leaves 8"-12" long, 15"'-20"' broad ; perigone 8"'-10"' long.— Hab.
Trinidad!, Brad/., common; [Cuba ! ; Venezuela].

. 131. M. palmifolia, Lindl. Scape about as long as the oblong-lanceolate, 1-leavcd
tubers ; leaves oblong, pointed, tapering into a slender petiole, membranaceous-chartaceous ;
flowers in a short, peduncled raceme, white ; perigonial divisions exterior oblong-lanceolate,
acuminate, spreading, lateral saccate at the base, interior shorter ; lip ohsoletely 3-lobed,
longitudinally plaited-callous below : lateral lobes small, middle broadly oblong, blunt or re-
fuse.— Bot. Reg. t. 1549. — Dendrobium, Sw. M. decolor, Lindl. — Scape 3"- 5", leaves
12"-15" long, the latter broad ; raceme 8-12-flowered : perigone 10"' long. — Hab.

Jamaica 1, Wullschl., on trees ; Dominica !, Imr. ; Trinidad !, Bradf., not uncommon.

132. M. pallidiflora, Hook. (L.). Scape exceeding the lanceolate, 1-leaved tubers;
leaves oblong, pointed, tapering into a slender petiole, membranaceous-chartaceous ■, flowers
in a short, peduncled raceme, greenish-yellow, with a whitish lip ; perigonial divisions lan-
ceolate-linear, blunt, exterior spreading, lateral saccate at the base, interior nearly as long ;
lip ovate-oblong, blunt, “ longitudinally plaited-callous below.” — Bot. Reg. t. 2806.—
Nearly allied to the preceding, but stouter, leaves 3" broad. — Hab. S. Vincent !, Guild. ;
[Cuba !].

30. CAMAR1DIUM, Lindl.

Character of Maxillaria, but pollinaria 4, collateral, and lip with 2 large, distinct calli. —
Habit of Eumaxillaria.

133. C. ochroleucum, Lindl. (R.) Stem compressed, pendulous or short, leafy at the
summit : scales distichous-imbricate, oblong : tubers oval-oblong, compressed, 1-leaved ;
leaves oblong-linear, blunt, obliquely emarginate, chartaceous, keeled ; flowers whitish, ex-
serted ; perigonial divisions spathulate-oblong ; lip 3-lobed ; lateral lobes small, middle ovate
or roundish : calli longitudinal, dissolved into bristles below. — Bot. Reg. t. 844. — Cymbi-
dium, Lindl. Oruithidium album, Hook. {Bot. Mag. t. 3306) : a form with larger flowers.
— Habit of Maxillaria alba, often 1' long ; leaves 4"-8" long, 3"'-6w broad ; perigone vari-
able in size, 6"'-12'" long. — Hab. Trinidad !, Or., Bradf., very common, on old trees ;
[Venezuela, Guiana].

31. LYCASTE, Lindl.

Character of Maxillaria, but caudicula long, linear, gland small, roundish.— Scape 1-
flowered, lateral to aerial tubers ; leaves plaited ; flowers large.

134. L. Barringtonise, Lindl. Tubers elliptical-oblong, 2-3-leaved ; scape about as

long as the petioles ; leaves oblong, pointed, tapering into a slender petiole ; flowers nodding,
greenish : uppermost bract exceeding the ovary ; perigonial divisions ovate oblong, pointed,
lateral cohering and forming a bluntly conical, spur-like auricle ; lip smaller : middle lobe
ovate-oblong, blunt, ciliate. — Bot. Reg. t. 1206. — Epidendrum, Sw. Maxillaria, Lodd.
L. ciliata, Lindl.! : this from dry specimens I know not how to distinguish, but by larger
flowers, but G. Rchb. informs me that the middle lobe of its lip is more concave. — Scape 6",
leaves 1V-2', perigone long. — Hab. Jamaica!, Fd., Macf, Wullschl., on rocks

and trees ; [Cuba !].

32. PAPHINIA, Lindl.

“ Character of Maxillaria, but caudicula long, clavate-linear, gland small, deltoid ; column
2-aurieled at the summit ; lip fringed at the summit aud claw.” — “ Scape few-floivered,
hanging, lateral to aerial tubers ; leaves plaited ; flowers large, expanded .”

135. P. cristata, Lindl. {Bot. Reg. t. 1811). “Tubers ovate, 1-lcaved; leaves lan-
ceolate-oblong or elliptical-oblong, pointed, tapering at the base, 4"-5" long : scape as long,
2- flowered ; perigone purple- and white-variegated: divisions ovate-oblong, pointed, li"
long : lip smaller, shortly clawed, deeply 3-fid, and middle lobe 3-lid again.” — Hab. Trini-
dad {Lindl.) ; [Guiana].

62S

ORCIIIDEiE.

33. BIFRENARIA, Liudl.

Character of Maxillaria , but caudiculre 2, distinct, linear. — Scape lateral to aerial tubers ;
flowers expanded.

136. B. aurantiaca, Lindl. Tubers roundish, sub-4-gonal, 1-2-leaved ; leaves plaited,
elliptical-oblong, pointed, contracted into a short petiole, as long as or exceeded by the scape ;
flowers racemose, yellow, orange-spotted ; perigonial divisions ovate or oblong, pointed ; lip
3-partite above the claw : lateral lobes rounded, middle broader than long, rounded-subtrun-
cate, 2-callous at the base. — Bot. Reg. t. 1875. — Scape 8"-12", leaves 6"-8", perigone 6"'
long. — Hab. Trinidad!, Bradf., uncommon ; [Guiana].

34. GOVENIA, Lindl.

Lip jointed with the produced base of the columu, channelled below : perigonial divisions
exterior lateral adhering to the column at their tapering base. Column winged : “ pollinaria
of Maxillaria , caudicula short, gland small, deltoid.” — -Scape terrestrial , lateral to the
leaves ; flowers in a loose spike.

137. G. utriculata, Lindl.! Leaves plaited, elliptical-oblong, pointed, geminate from
a sheathed, fusiform tuber, exceeded by the scape ; flowers subdistant, nodding, white :
bracts as long as the ovary ; perigonial divisions lanceolate , bluntish, connivent-f alcale ;
lip ovate-oblong , pointed, recurved. — Jacq. Fragm. t. 32. /. 4. Bot. Mag. t. 4151. — Cym-
bidium, Sio. Limodorum, Sw. — Scape H'-2', leaves 8"— 12" or more, perigone 6" long. —
Hab. Jamaica 1, Macf., Pd., Wullschl., in moist woods; [Cuba! to Venezuela].

138. G. limbata, Gr. Leaves leathery, oblong, bluntish, tapering at the complicated
base ; flowers distant : bracts minute, much shorter than the ovary ; perigonial divisions
linear, blunt, spreading, lateral exterior recurved-spreading ; lip %-lobed, cucullate below
the divisions, fleshy-callous within ; middle lobe oblong, blunt, somewhat recurved ; column
channelled-winged. — Cymbidium, Hook. ! — The structure of the pollinaria is still unknown,
the species having been described from a single, imperfect specimen. Leaf (a single is ex-
tant) 12" long, 2k" broad : spike as long ; perigone 10"' loug.— Hab. Trinidad !, Shepherd.

35. POLYSTACHYA, Hook.

Lip jointed with the produced, claw-like base of the column, flattish, 3-lobed : perigonial
divisions exterior lateral broadly adnate to the column. Column low, naked : “ pollinaria
4, collateral : caudicula setaceous, gland minute.” — Stem leaved below or at the base ;
flowers small, in compound or simple terminal spikes.

139. P. luteola, Hook. ! Stem few-leaved above the narrowly tuberous base ; leaves
oblong-linear or lanceolate-oblong, bluntish, slightly recurved, exceeded by the stem ; spikes
usually compound, lateral short, subsessile : flowers greenish-yellow, glabrous ; lip 3-lobed
to the middle: lateral lobes bluntish, middle obovate-trapezoid, undulate: callus produced
from the base to the division.- Plum. Ed. Burin, t. 185. /. 1.— Cranichis, Sw. : Swartz’s
species is doubtfully referred by G. Rchb. to his P. extinct oria, a Jamaica form unknown
to myself. — 6"-12" high; leaves 4"-6", perigone 2'", ovary 4"' long. — Hab. Jamaica!,
Hits., Pd., Wullschl., on trees and rocks; Dominical, Imr. ; [Cuba! to Guiana! and
Pern J^j m

140. P. foliosa, G. Rchb. Stem few-leaved at the base ; leaves linear, bluntish, re-
curved, equalling or exceeding the scape ; spikes slender, lateral short, distant ; lip shoitly
3-lobed, callous at the base : middle lobe furfuraeeous.— Stelis, Hook. P. Weigelti, 0.
Achb. ! — 2"-5" high : leaves 2"' (-4"') broad ; perigone 1"', ovary 2"' long.— IIab. Jamaica!
Wullschl., Trinidad !, Pd., [Guiana !].

36. ZYGOPETALUM, Hook.

Lip continuous or slightly jointed with the shortly produced base of the column, dilated,
concave below : perigonial divisions spreading, exterior lateral and 2 interior adhering to
the column. Column naked or margined above : pollinaria 4, incumbent, the posterior often

OKClIIDEiE.

629

adhering to the anterior ones : candicula broad : gland deltoid-rhomboid.- Stem short, de-
void, of tubers, terrestrial ; leaves rosulate, plaited ; peduncles single in the lower ax/.ls,
exserted: flowers large.

141. Z. cochleare, lindl. Leaves oblong, pointed, tapering at the base, exceeding
the 1-flower ed peduncles ; flower nodding, whitish, with a blue, variegated lip; perigouial
divisions ovate, pointed ; lip cordate-subquadrate, emarginate at the broadly rounded sum-
mit, cristate at the base by a broadly reniform, longitudinally many-plaited callus ; column
slender. — Bot. Reg. t. 1857. — Warszewiczella, G. Rchb. Cymbidium flabellifolium, Sw.
(Zygopetalum, G. Rchb.).— Leaves 6"-10", peduncles 8", perigone about 1" long.— Hab.
Jamaica (Sw.) ; Trinidad !, Bradf. ; [Venezuela to Brazil].

142. Z. brachystalix, G. Rchb. “Leaves lanceolate, acuminate, 3 -nerved below;
flowers racemose : raceme long, long-peduncled ; perigonial divisions oblong, pointed ; lip
shortly clawed, rhomboid-obtuse-angled, minutely cordate at the base: callus basilar, semi-
Umar, plaited ; column very short.” — Hab. Trinidad (G. Rchb.).

37. STENIA, Lindl.

Lip continuous with the produced, claw-like base of the column, dilated, ventricose : pe-
rigouial divisions spreading, exterior free, 2 interior adhering to the column. Column as-
cending, margined : pollinia 4, incumbent, the posterior much smaller : caudicula short,
dilated : gland deltoid. — Stem reduced, devoid of tubers, terrestrial ; leaves rosulate,
plaited ; peduncles single in the axils of supraradical sheaths, short, \-flowered.

143. S. pallida, Lindl. (Bot. Reg. 24. t. 20). Leaves lanceolate-oblong, pointed,
tapering into a short petiole, 3"-7" long ; peduncle U" long, bracteate below the ovary ;
perigone “ yellowish-white,” S'" long : divisions ovate, pointed, exterior lateral oblique at
the base : lip as long, sessile at the summit of the slender appendage of the column, hemi-
spherical-ventricose, contracted into a short, deltoid epichilium. — Hab. Trinidad !, Bradf . ;
[Guiana] .

38. CCELIA, Lindl.

Lip continuous with the little-produced column, concave at the base, entire : perigonial
divisions spreading, free. Column low, naked : “ pollinaria 8.” Ovary winged. — Scape
lateral to the several-leaved aenal tubers, in the axils of supraradical sheaths ; leaves
plaited ; flowers racemose.

144. C. triptera, Bon. Leaves lanceolate-linear, much longer than the short scape ;
flowers whitish : bracts as long as the ovary ; perigonial divisions bluntish, exterior ovate-
oblong, interior lanceolate ; lip ovate-oblong, bluntish, “ callous at the margin.” — Bot. Reg.
28. t. 36. — Cymbidium, Sw. C. Bauerana, Lindl. ! — Scape 3''-4'', leaves 1 /, perigone S'"
long. — Hab. Jamaica (Sw.) ; [Cuba !].

39. TRIGONLDIUM, Lindl.

Lip “jointed with the shortly produced base of the column, channelled-3-lobed perigo-
nial divisions 3 exterior connate at the base, 2 interior smaller, free. “ Column naked : pol-
linaria 4, incumbent, sessile on a semilunar gland, 2 posterior smaller.” — Scape or pe-
duncle 1-2 -flowered, distantly sheathed ; leaves leathery.

145. T. monophyllum, Gr. (n. sp.). Leaf single, lanceolate-linear, obliquely emargi-
nate at the bluntish summit, exceeded by the 2-1-flowered peduncle; perigonial divisions
exterior obovate-obloug, mucronulatc-bluntish, interior shorter, blunt, a3 long as the lip. —
Of this plant there are two specimens in Herb. Hook., named “ Trigonidium” in the hand-
writing of Dr. Lindley : the flowers are well preserved, but could not be aualysed without
destroying them. The species seems to approach T. oblusum, Lindl. (Bot. Keg. t. 1923),
but the flowering stem is 1 -leaved above its slender base, devoid of aerial tubers, the leaf is
much narrower, 4" long, 4"'-5'" broad; exterior perigone spreading, divisions 9'" long,
united at the base. — IIab. Jamaica!, Bancr.

630

ORCI1IDE2E.

40. CYRTOPERA, Lindl.

Lip jointed with the produced base of the column, ventricose-3-lobed : perigonial divisions
ascending, exterior lateral and 2 interior adhering to the column. Column ascending, mar-
gined : “ pollinaria 4, incumbent, the posterior adhering to the anterior ones : caudicula
short, nearly deltoid.”- — -Root terrestrial : no tubers ; scape lateral to the stem ; leaves
plaited ; flowers racemose.

146. C. Woodfordii, Lindl. (It.). Stout; leaves lanceolate-oblong, or lanceolate,
pointed, inserted at the summit of a fusiform stem ; raceme many-flowered : bract linear-
acuminate ; perigonial divisions lanceolate, or oblong ; lip 2-callous : lateral lobes short,
middle flattish, ovate-oblong, rounded. — Bot. Reg. 1. 1508. — Scape 2'-4', leaves 1 \'-‘P long ;
flowers “ white with a yellow spot on the lip” ( Cr .), hut green with a purple lip in the figure
quoted: perigone 8,,,-10,,, long. — !Iab. Jamaica !, Pd., I)ist., Wullschl. ; Dominica !, Bar . ;
Trinidad!, Cr. ; [French islands ! to Guiana! aud Brazil!].

41. C YRTO PODIUM, R. Br.

Lip clawed, continuous with the produced base of the column, incurved-3-lobed : perigo-
nial divisions free, spreading. “ Pollinaria 2, dorsally furrowed : caudicula short, linear,
gland ovate.” — Root terrestrial ; scape lateral to the leaved, fleshy stem, or tufts of plaited
leaves ; flowers panicled, or racemose.

147- O. Andersonii, R. Br. Scape panicled, as high as the leaved, fusiform stem ;
“ leaves oblong-lanceolate, acuminate ;” flowers yellow : bracts oblong, about as long as the
pedicel ; perigonial divisions broadly elliptical, flattish, at length wavy ; lip callous above
the claw ; lobes rounded, middle broader, hut shorter than the lateral ones, crenulate at the
summit; column naked. — Bot. Reg. 27. t. 8. — Oncidium comosum, Pwpp. Cub.! 2-3
high; perigonial divisions 10,,,— 8,,( long. — Hab. S. Vincent ; Trinidad !, Lockh. ; [Cuba! to

Brazil !]. _

The allied C. punctatum, Lindl. (Cymhidium trinerve, Mey. Bsseq. !), has greenish-white,
spotted flowers, with an emarginate, larger middle lobe of the lip : it has been found in
Haiti, hut not-yet in the British islands.

148. C. cristatum, Lindl. {ex descr.). Scape simple, racemose, exceeding the tuft of
leaves, the latter lanceolate-linear , acuminate ; bracts minute, cucuUate-subulate, much
shorter than the pedicel ; perigonial divisions elliptical, bluntish, flattish ; lip transversely
crested at the origin of the rounded, entire, reflexed middle lobe, deeply concave between the
broad crest and the claw : lateral lobes ovate, blunt, much narrower than the middle one ;
column broadly winged at the summit. — Scape 1^' high ; leaves 8 -12 long, o -8
broad; perigone 6"' long; crest fleshy, transversely oblong.— Hab. Trinidad !, Cr., Aripo ;
[Guiana].

42. GONGORA, R. P.

Lip clawed, continuous with the produced, claw -like base of the column, constricted at the
middle, furnished with lateral appendages : perigonial divisions spreading, 2 exterior lateral free,
superior and 2 interior distantly inserted into the column, Column ascending, clavate,
naked: “pollinaria 2, linear: caudicula linear, gland minute.”— Scape lateral to aerial
tubers ; leaves plaited ; flowers racem.ose.

149 G. atropurpurea. Hook. I Tuber costate, 2-leaved ; leaves broadly lanceolate-
oblong, exceeded by the scape ; raceme loose : flowers brown ; perigonial divisions oblong-
lanceolate, acuminate ; hypochilium cuneate, with long, marginal, recurved horns an
smaller appendages : epicliilium laterally compressed, subulate.— Bot. Mag. t. 3—U.
Scape 2', leaves 1', flowers about 1" long. — Hab. Trinidad !, Shepherd ; [GuianaJ.

43. STANIIOPEA, Hook.

“Lip sessile continuous with the column, fleshy, usually jointed at the middle and fur-
nished with lateral appendages : perigonial divisions spreading, free. Column winged above:
pollinaria 2, linear [ caudicula cuueato (or none) : gland minute.— Scape lateral to aerial
tubers, few-flowered; leaves plaited; (lowers large."

ORCHIDEiE.

631

150. S. grandiflora, Lindl. “ Scape short, erect ; lip oblong, as long as the perigone :
hypochilium roundish, with 2 horns : epichilium ovate, pointed, half as long as the solid,
flat-convex, obsoletely 3-dentate middle part.” — “Flowers 6" diam., when expanded, white,
and crimson on the lower part of the lip.” — FIab. Trinidad {Lindl.).

44. CATASETUM, Rich.

Lip free, sessile, fleshy : perigonial divisions usually connivent, free. Column 2-cirrhous
(except in ? flowers): “pollinaria 2: caudieula large: gland thickish.” — Scape radical ;
leaves plaited; flowers large , racemose, polygamous.

151. C. tridentatum, Hook.! Leaves “ oblong-lanceolate, acuminate;” perigone
“greenish- and purple-variegated, compressed, conuivent ” : divisions ovate, or ovate-oblong,
pointed ; lip saccate-cucullate, 3- dentate at the summit.- — Rot. Mag. t. 3329 : S • Rot. Reg.
t. 1752 : ? ( Monachanthus viridis, Lindl.). — Flowers 1-|” long. — LIab. Trinidad, according
to cultivated specimens introduced from that island ; [Guiana, Brazil].

152. C. trifidum, Hook. ! Leaves oblong-lanceolate, shortly acuminate ; raceme cer-
nuous ; perigone “ greenish, purple-dotted,” converging from a spreading base : divisions
lanceolate, pointed ; lip flat, 3-fid, exceeded by the perigone. — Bot. Mag. t. 3262. — Myan-
thus cernnus, Lindl. {Cataseimn, G. Bchb.). — Flowers li"long. — FIab. Trinidad, according
to cultivated specimens introduced from that island ; [Brazil].

45. ONCIDIUM, Sw.

Lip continuous with and spreading from the tumid base of the column, usually exserted-
flattish, lobed : perigonial divisions spreading, free, or the exterior lateral cohering. Column
low, winged at the summit : pollinaria 2, dorsally furrowed. — Scapes lateral, or terminal,
or scape-like peduncles axillary ; leaves leathery, rosulate ; flowers panicled, or racemose ;
lip membranaceous in the West Indian species.

* Leaves equitant ; root fibrous.

153. O. iridifolium, Kth. {R.). Leaves short, equitant, oblong-lanceolate, pointed,
about as long as the \-J ew -flowered scapes ; perigonial divisions free, subequal ; lip “ lamel-
late-crested at the base :” lateral segments small, roundish, contracted at the base, middle
much larger, 4-lobed, roundish; “wings of the column dentate.” — Sw. Adnot. t. l. f. 3. — ■
Cymbidium pusillum, Sw. — l"-3" high ; leaves 4'" broad ; flowers “ yellow :” lip 6"' long.
— Sab. Trinidad!, Cr. ; [Mexico to Brazil].

154. O. triquetrum, R. Br. Leaves channelled-eqnitant, oblong-linear, curved,
pointed, about as long as the simple, 5—12-flowered scapes ; perigonial divisions pointed,
interior ovate, exterior superior ovate-lanceolate, lateral cohering ; lip not crested, obsoletely
3-lobed: lateral lqbes roundish, middle twice as large, ovate, bluntish ; wings of the column
entire. — Bot. Mag. t. 3393. — Cymbidium, Sw. — 4"-6" high; leaves 4"-3w(-lm) broad;
flowers “white and densely purple-spotted :” lip 5"' long.— Hab. Jamaica!, Mac/., WullscliL,
March.

155. O. pulchellum, Hook. “Leaves channelled-equitant, fiwtfar-oiAury, pointed, slightly
curved, much exceeded by the divided, many-flowered scape ; perigonial divisions pointed,
exterior lateral cohering to near the summit : lip lamellate-crested at the base : lateral
lobes roundish, half as large as the roundish, 2-lobed, sessile, middle lobe ; wings of the
column obliquely ovate-lanceolate, denticulate.” — Bot. Reg. t. 1787. — “ l'-l^' high; leaves
6"' broad; flowers white with a rosy tinge, yellow crest, aud red column-wings : lip about
8"' long.” — IIab. Jamaica {Lindl) ; [Guiana].

156. O. tetrapetalum, W. {L). Leaves channelled-equitant, oblong -linear, acumi-
nate, slightly-curved, entire, much exceeded by the simple, or divided, many -flowered scape ;
perigonial divisions interior obovate, repand, exterior spathulatc, lateral cohering to near the
summit; lip lamellate-crested at the base; lateral lobes small, oblong, blunt, somewhat
distant from the middle one, recurved ; middle lobe large, reniform-2-lobed, crenate-repand ;
wings of the column half-ovate, blunt, subentire. — Jacq. Amer. Bid. t. 216.— Epidendrum,
Jacq. O. Lemonianum, Lindl. (Bot. Reg. t. 1789) : a few- and yellow-flowered form, ac-
cording to Antigua specimens, determined by G. Relib., in which the lateral sepals are

632

ORCHID E7E.

cohering (while Lindley describes them as distinct in his own form). — 1-2' high; leaves 3"'
broad; flowers “very variable in colour, red, yellow, or pale” ( Jacq .) : lip long,

9"'-10'" broad. — Hab. Jamaica !, Macf. ; Antigua 1, Wullschl ., Brad/., Dominica 1, liar. ;
[Mexico, Venezuela!, New Granada !].

157. O. variegatum, Sw. {/.). Leaves channelled-equitant, falcate-oblong, pointed,
crenulate, much exceeded by the simple, or divided, many -flowered scape; perigonial divi-
sions interior obovate, exterior spathulate, lateral cohering to or near to the summit ; lip
lamellate-crested at the base : lateral lobes rounded, small or about one-third as large as
the middle one, the latter reniform-2-lobed ; wings of the column half-ovate. SI. 1. 14S.
/ 2. — Very variable in the form of the lip and the column-wings : hence I regard 0. velu-

tinum, Lindl. (R.), as a narrower-leaved form with puberulous flowers, my specimens showing
on the same axis the lateral lobes of the lip approximate to the middle one or distant from
it. 8"-H'high; leaves short, 5"'-4'"(-2'") broad; flowers spotted-rosy and white-vane-
gated: lip 6'" long, 8"'-10"' broad. — Hab. Jamaica!, March ; [Cuba!, Haiti!, Swedish
islands] .

158. O. sylvestre, Lindl.! Leaves channelled-equitant , falcate-linear, pointed, en-
tire, much exceeded by the simple, or divided, many-few-flowered scape ; perigonial divi-
sions interior obovate, exterior spathulate, lateral cohering to near the summit ; lip lamel-
late-crested at the base : lateral lobes roundish, much smaller than the middle one, the
latter cordate-renform , repand, 2-lobed ; wings of the column half-ovate, pointed. Veiy
near the preceding, but lateral lobes of the lip half as large. 8"-15"high; leaves short,
H"— 2 in broad; flowers rosy: lip 6'" long, 8"'broad. — Hab. Jamaica !, Wullschl. ; [Cuba.].

** Leaves terete, acuminate.

159. O. Cebolleta, Sw. “ Leaves terete, striate, acuminate, subsolitary, much ex-
ceeded by the divided, many-flowered scape ; perigonial divisions all distinct, obovate-oblong ;
lip crested at the base : middle lobe reniform-2-lobed, distant from the small, lateral ones ;
wings of the column falcate.” — Jacq.Amer. Piet. i. 217. Bot. Beg. 1. 1994. Epideudiuin,
Jacq.— The S. Lucia plant (Fib. Banks), quoted by Lindl., was afterwards distinguished by
him from Jacquin’s species as 0. ascendens, Lindl., said to differ by smaller flowers and
linear-iucurved column-wings. “ Leaves 4"-12" long, 5'"-3"' diam. ; flowers yellow, usually
spotted.” — FIab. S. Lucia {Lindl) ; [Mexico to Brazil].

### Leaves flat ; perigonial divisions all distinct.

160. O. luridum, Lindl. ! Root fibrous ; scape lateral, panicled; leaves thick, broadly
lanceolate-oblong, with a bluntish point ; perigonial divisions distinct, clawed-obovate, un-
dulate ; lip crested with 5 or more tubercles : base with its obsolete, lateral lobes narrower
than the transversely oblong, emarginate middle lobe ; wings of the column fleshy,
rounded. — Bot. Reg. 25. t. 16,-Epidendrum guttatum, L.— 3'-4' high ; leaves 1 long 4
broad, or “ narrower ;” flowers usually dull-yellow, brown-spotted : lip 10 broad, middle
lobe half as long. — Hab. Jamaica!, all coll. ; Trinidad!, Sell., Bradf.; [Cuba, to Vene-

0. carthaginen.se, Sw. (Jacq. Amer. Piet. t. 214), distinguished by the base of the lip as
broad as the clawed middle lobe, and by paler flowers, does not occur in our West Indian
collections : the homonym of Sw.’s Flora is probably 0. luridum, not yet separated at that
time.

161. O. ampliatum, Lindl. Aerial tubers roundish, compressed; scape lateral,
panicled ; leaves leathery, lanceolate-oblong, blunt ; perigonial divisions distiuct, clawflj-
obovate ; lip crested with tubercles above the slender claw : lateral lobes minute, middle
transversely -oblong , 2-lobed; icings of the column membranaceous, 2 lateral, transversely
oblong, denticulate, one on the back of the anther. Bot. Reg. t. 16 JJ. 1 l hig i ,
leaves 6" long, 1£" broad; flowers yellow : lip 6"'-8'" broad, middle lobe as long.- Hab.
Trinidad!, Bradf; [Costarica to Venezuela].

162 O. altissimum, Sw. Aerial tubers elliptical-oblong, compressed, 1 -leaved;
scape hio-h racemose, or with ascending, few-flowered branches ; leaves oblong-lanceolate, or
lanceolate 'shortly acuminate ; perigonial divisions distinct, oblong -lanceolate, or lanceolate,
undulate ■ lip as long, crested with tubercles at the contracted base ; lateral lobes reduced

ORCHIDE/E.

G33

to basilar auricles, middle transversely oblong, or reniform, emarginate ; wings of the
column short, rounded. — Jacq. Amer. Piet. t. 21B. — Epidendrum, Jacq. — 6' high, or more ;
leaves 1' loug, 15"'-8"' broad; flowers yellow- and brown-variegated, 6"'-10 long. -
IIab. Jamaica (Sw.) ; S. Vincent!, Guild.; [French islands].

163. O. Baueri, Lindl. Aerial tubers “oblong scape panicled from near the base;
leaves oblong-lanceolate, or lanceolate, pointed ; perigonial divisions distinct, elliptical -lan-
ceolate, undulate ; lip as long, crested with tubercles at the contracted base : lateral lobes
reduced to basilar auricles, middle transversely-oblong, or reniform, emarginate ; wings of
the column membranaceous, transversely oblong, pointed, at both ends.— Very near the pre-
ceding : brauches of the pauicle divaricate, flowers of the same colour, 8'" long. — IIab.
Dominica!, Imr. ; [Venezuela].

164. O. citriirum, Lindl. ! Aerial tubers ovate-oblong, compressed ; leaves lanceolate,
with a bluntisb point, nearly as long as the simple, lateral scape ; perigonial divisions dis-
tinct, oblong, blunt, undulate ; lip as long, crested with tubercles at the contracted base :
lateral lobes reduced to basilar auricles, middle reniform : wings of the dilated column
minute. — Bot. Reg. t. 1758. — 1' high; leaves 6"' broad; flowers yellow, 6,"-8'" long. —
Hab. Trinidad, from cultivated specimens, introduced from that islaud.

165. O. papilio, Lindl. “Aerial tubers roundish, compressed, 1-leaved; scape few-
flowered ; leaves leathery, oblong, blunt perigonial divisions distinct ; exterior lateral
oblong -lanceolate, undulate, little exceeding the lip, superior and 2 interior much longer,
linear filiform ; lip crested at the base with glands : lateral lobes rounded, distant from the
much larger, roundish, emarginate, crispate middle lobe ; wings of the column dilated, cre-
nnlate : anther glandular at the margin.- — Bot. Reg. t. 910 : smaller-flowered. — Flowers
yellow- and brown-variegated : filiform divisions about 4", exterior lateral 2" long. — Hab.
Trinidad {Lindl) ; [Venezuela, Quito].

46. BRASSIA, R. Br.

Characters of Oncidium, but exterior lateral divisions of the perigone elongated, lip entire,
2-lamellate at the base, and column low, wingless. — Scape lateral to aerial tubers, racemose ;
leaves rigid.

166. B. maculata, R. Br. (R.). Leaves oblong, pointed, exceeded by the scape;
bracts $jnall ; perigonial divisions linear, or oblong-linear, about as long as the lip, exterior
lateral twice as long, conform ; lip roundish beyond a broadly cuneate lower part, mucro-
uate: basilar lamella: pubescent, produced into a tooth at the summit. — Bot. Mag. t. 1691.
— 1'-2' high ; flowers yellowish, purple-spotted : lip 1"-1J" long. — Hab. Jamaica !, Pd.,
Wullschl., on rocks; [Guatemala],

167. B. caudata, Lindl. I Leaves oblong, pointed, nearly as long as the scape ; brads
small ; perigonial divisions exterior lateral linear-acuminate, superior conform, usually
about half as long, interior shorter, lanceolate, about as long as the lip ; lip ovate-oblong,
usually acuminate : basilar lamella1 pubescent, produced into a tooth at the summit. — Bot.
Reg. i. 832. — Epidendrnm, L. — 1' high ; flowers greenish, or dull-yellow, spotted with pur-
ple -. lip 8"'-12"', exterior lateral divisions 4"-5" long. — Hab. Jamaica !, Macfi, Wullschl. ;
[Cuba 1 to Guiana !].

47. ODONTOGLOSSUM, Kth.

Character of Oncidium, but column longer, not tnmid at the base, often devoid of wings,
parallel to the lower part of the entire or lobed lip.— Scape lateral to aerial tubers.

168. O. jamaicense, Or. {n. sp). Tubers few, oblong, compressed; leaves rigid,
oblong-linear, bluntish, or emarginate, little exceeded by the scape, the latter simple, with an
ovate, contracted panicle at the summit; bracts membranaceous, clasping-coneave, ovate, as
long as the ovary ; perigonial divisions distinct, elliptical-oblong, subequal, exterior tapering
into a short claw, interior subscssile, as long as the lip ; lip sessile, ovate-oblong, pointed, cal-
lous to the middle, lined with 2 thickish lamellte along the concave callosity, 3-tubcrclcd at
its summit; column narrowly margined, abruptly dilated at the summit, half ns long as the
lip. — Apparently allied to O. ixiuides, Lindl. Leaves l'-li' long, 8"'-l O'" broad ; pauicle
3", bracts 8",-10'", flowers 6"'-8'" long ; lip embracing a little the column ; anther-bed

634

ORCHIDEiE.

repaud-truneate ; pollinaria obovate, solid : caudicula shorter, oblong, antrorsely channelled:
glaud as broad, ovate. — Hab. Jamaica !, Wits.

48. LEOCHILUS, Knowl., Waste.

Lip free, cueullate below, sessile, undivided : perigonial divisions spreading, free, or the
exterior lateral cohering. Column low, 2-armed below the stigma with spreading branches :
rostellum ovate : pollinaria 2 : caudicula linear, glaud ovoid. — Scape lateral to aerial tubers ;
flowers in a short raceme.

169. Ij. coclilearis, Lindt. ( R .). Leaves short, oblong, pointed, usually exceeded by
the filiform, erect, simple or divided scape : branches of the latter few-flowered ; perigonial
divisions ovate, bluut, exterior lateral cohering ; lip obovate, blunt, crested at the base :
crest semilunar. — Stv. Adnot. t. 2./. 6. — Kodriguezia, Lindt. Epidendrum labialum, Sw —
6"-l^" high ; leaves variable iu size ; flowers pale-yellow or “purple- and yellow-variegated
(Sw.) : lip 3'"-4"' long : the Trinidad form has larger flowers and the leaves as long as the
scape. — Hab. Jamaica 1, M'Nab, Wullschl., on trees ; Dominica !, Imr. ; Trinidad !, Cr.,
Brad/.; [Haiti; Guadeloupe 1].

49. RODRIGUEZIA, R. P.

Character of Leochilus , but lip clawed, its claw parallel to the column, the latter slender
clavate, devoid of spreading appendages ; perigonial divisions exterior lateral cohering. —
Scape lateral to aerial tubers; flowers racemose.

170. R. secunda, Eth. Tubers elliptical-oblong, compressed; leaves oblong, bluntish
or emarginate-bluntish, about as long as the scape; raceme many-flowered, one-sided;
flowers rosy ; perigonial divisions spathulate-oblong, as long as the lip, the latter contracted
above the spathulate claw, its blade shorter, emarginate-ronudish, callous at the base ;
column shortly 2-appendiculate at the rosteRum. — Bot. Reg. t. 930. — 8"-12" high ; leaves
10"'-6'" broad; perigone 6"' long— Hab. S. Vincent!, Guild. ; Trinidad !, Brad/. ; [Pa-
nama!; New Granada!; Guiana!; Brazil!].

50. ASRASIA, Lindl.

Lip adnate by its claw to the column, its blade spreading, flattish : perigonial divisions
exterior superior, and 2 interior usually cohering and adhering to the base of th<*.columu.
Column naked, margined : pollinaria 2, dorsally furrowed : base of the caudicida embracing
.the gland. — Scape lateral to aerial tubers , simple.

171. A. variegata, Lindl. Tubers “ 2 -leaved ;” leaves oblong-linear, shortly acumi-
nate, about as long as the 1-3-fiowered scape; perigonial divisions oblong-lanceolate,
pointed, 2 interior cohering with the exterior superior, equalling the clavate column ; lip
with 2 pubescent tubercles at the base, 3-lobed : middle lobe much larger roundish.— Bot.
Reg t 1907. — Scape 4"— 6” high; flower variegated, spotted-greenish, with a violet-spotted,
white lip, 8 '"-10"' long.— Hab. Trinidad !, from specimens introduced from that island ;
[Guiana ! to Brazil].

51. NOTYLIA, Lindl.

Lip “ free,” or a little adhering by its claw to the column, its blade entire : perigonial
divisions exterior lateral cohering. Column slender, naked : anther dorsal : “ pollinaria 2,
solid : caudicula clavate-liuear : gland minute.”— Scape lateral to 1-leaved, aerial tubers ;
flowers racemose.

172. XV. punctata, Lindl. “Leaves oblong, flat; rhachis of the pendulous raceme
flexuose : flowers whitish ; perigonial divisions bluntish, exterior lateral cohering to about the
middle; lip clawed, cordate-ovate, blunt, callous at the base. —Bot. Reg. 1. t o9. Pleuro-
thallis, Lindl. — “ Leaves about 3'" long, H" broad: racemes as long or longer: flowers
distant, 4'" long.”— Hab. Trinidad (Lindl).

173 N. incurva, Lindl. “Leaves flat; flowers pale-yellow; perigonial divisions
pointed, exterior lateral cohering to about the middle; lip clawed, cordate-ovate, keeled
below the pointed summit, reflexed at the margin, devoid of a callus at the base.
“Flowers larger than in other species.” — Hab. Trinidad (Lindl.).

0RCHIDE7E.

635

52. MACRADENIA, R. Br.

“ Lip free, cucullate, sessile, undivided, pointed : perigonial divisions free, spreading.
Column naked: rostellum beaked: pollinaria 2, solid: caudicula clavate -linear : gland
ovoid,” — “ Scape lateral to aerial tubers , the latter 1-leaved; flowers racemose.

174. M. lutescens, R. Br. “ Scape erect, about as long as the oblong, pointed leaves ;
perigonial divisions lanceolate, pointed, yellowish- and purple-variegated, exceeding the lip ,
lip white, purplish-spotted, obovate, with a recurved, liuear, pointed, terminal appendage ,
column clavate: anther-bed lobulate.”— Bot. Reg. t. 612.— “4" high; perigonial divisions
6'" long.” — II An. Trinidad ( R. Br .).

53. CRYPTARRHENA, R. Br.

Lip “ adnate at the base to the column,” clawed : blade short : perigonial divisions free.
Column naked, margined, cucullate at the summit : " pollinaria 4 : caudiculre linear, 2-hoi ned,
gland ovoid.” — Root fibrous; scape simple; leaves rosulate ; flowers racemose, small, yellow-
greenish.

175. C. lunata, R. Br. “ Leaves oblong-linear, pointed, exceeded by the curved,
slender scape ; perigonial divisions interior obovate, serrulate, exterior lateral ovate ; claw of
the lip linear: blade quadrate, emarginate-truncate, serrulate, little shorter than the
spreading horns.— Bot. Reg. t. 153.—“ Scape 6" high; flowers scarcely 4'" diam.”— Hab.
Jamaica ( R . Br.).

176. C. palli diflora, G. Rchb. Leaves lanceolate, bluntish, exceeded by the curved,
slender scape ; perigonial divisions spathulate-oblong ; claw of the lip oblong : blade ‘1-fid,,
with subquadrate, serrulate lobes, much shorter than the falcate-recurved, acuminate horns.
— 8"-14" high ; perigoue H"\ lip 2'" long : its claw much longer than the blade. — Hab.
Trinidad !, Pd. ; [Mexico to Ecuador !].

54. ORNITIIOCEPHALUS, Hook.

Lip free, clawed or constricted above the base, subentire : perigonial divisions spreading,
free. Column curved, naked : rostellum long-beaked : pollinaria 4, in a cross, solid : cau-
dicula linear, gland ovoid. — Root fibrous ; scapes or scape-like axillary peduncles simple:
leaves e quit ant ; flowers racemose, yellowish-green, small.

177. O. gladiatus, Hook. {sec. Bradfi.). Root densely pilose; leaves lanceolate-

oblong, bluntish, slightly falcate, little exceeded by the glabrous, curved scapes ; flowers in a
short raceme : bracts glabrous, clasping-deltoid ; perigonial divisions elliptical, interior
obovate, half as long as the lip ; lip very shortly clawed, hastate-oblong, pointed, with a
semilunar callus between the basilar auricles. — O. Ibis, G. Rchb. !: I regard this as the
original Trinidad species, well known to Dr. Bradford, though I did not find original speci-
mens in Herb. Hook. ; his figure (Hook. Exot. t. 127), according to a copy kindly commu-
nicated by G. Rchb., disagrees much by a long, reflexed, terminal appendage to the lip
(perhaps from monstrosity). — Leaves long, 2",-3"' broad; lip 2W long. — Hab.

Trinidad 1, Or., Bradf., very abundant in all parts of the island, on trees.

178. O. Cruegeri, G. Rchb.! Root glabrous; leaves oblong-lanceolate, mucronate,
little exceeded by the hispidulous scape ; flowers in a short raceme : bracts deltoid or ovate,
ciliate or hispidulous ; perigonial divisions obovate or obovate-roundish, serrulate, half as
long as the lip ; lip very shortly clawed, dilated-roundish and callous to the constricted
middle .- upper part obovate-roundish, emarginate, serrulate. — Leaves 1 " long, 3 '"-o'"
broad ; lip li"' long. — Hab. Trinidad I, Or., Bradf.

55. TRIZETJXIS, Lindt.

Imp free or “ nearly so,” entire, concave, pointed : perigonial divisions connivent, ex-
terior lateral cohering, superior and 2 interior cohering at the base. Column linked,

2 r

636

0RCHIDE2E.

parallel to tlie lip, clavate : pollinaria 2, solid : caudicula oblong, gland ovoid. — Root
fibrous ; scape panicled ; leaves equitant ; flowers small, densely racemose along the
branches of the scape.

179. T. falcata, Lindl. (R). Scape slender, 6"-12" high; leaves distichous-rosulate,
oblong-linear, acuminate, slightly falcate, 3"-6" long, 4'" broad ; branches of the panicle
distant, 1" loug, or shorter, naked below : bracts small, subulate-linear ; flowers approxi-
mate, about V" long : perigonial divisions ovate. — Hab. Trinidad!, Cr., Bradf. ; [Venezuela!:
New Granada!].

56. JONOPSIS, Kth.

Lip little adhering to the base of the column, clawed, its blade spreading : perigonial
divisions exterior lateral cohering at the base, and produced into a sack below the lip.
Column naked, low : rostellmn beaked : polliuaria 2, dorsally furrowed ; caudicula linear,
gland ovoid. — Scape panicled or racemose ; leaves rigid ; flowers white or purple.

180. J. testiculata. Lindl. “ Scape few-flowered, simple (or few-branched) ; leaves
terete, acuminate ; perigonial divisions exterior pointed, interior blunt : sack didymous-
ventricose ; lip ovale, acuminate.” — Dendrobium, Sw. Epideudrum satyrioides, Sw. (Jo-
nopsis, G. Rchb.).—“ Leaves 2"-3" long, 3-4 times exceeded by the scape ; flowers small,
white; lip and interior perigone red-veined.” — Hab. Jamaica (Sw.) ; [Haiti].

181. J. pallidiflora, Lindl. “Scape simple; leaves oblong-linear, flat; perigonial
divisions blunt : sack didymous-venlricose ; lip 2-lobed, more than twice as long as the
perigone.” — “Plowers white, with purple stripes.” — Hab. Trinidad (Hook).

182. J. utricularioid.es, Lindl. ! Scape panicled above ; perigonial divisions bluntish :
sack short, simple, blunt; lip 2-lobed bom a cuueate, 2-callous claw, half as mug again or
twice as long as the perigone : lobes subquadrate-roundish. — Dendrobium, Sw. J. Gardnen,
PL Wright. 667.— 1'- 4' high; leaves 4" long, 4"'-6'" broad; flowers 5"' long, white
with red veins, or variegated. — Hab. Jamaica!, Pd., Wullschl., March, on trees; [Cuba,
to Venezuela!].

57. COMPARETTIA, Pcepp., Bndl.

Lip free, clawed, flat, its claw produced from the back into 2 filiform horns concealed
within the spur : perigonial divisions exterior lateral cohering at the base, and produced into
a spur beneath the lip. Column winged above, low : pollinaria 2 : “ caudiculfe as many,
distinct, gland ovoid.33 — Scape lateral to minute , 1 -leaved, aerial tubers ; flowers race-
mose •

183. C. falcata, Pcepp., Bndl. (L). Leaves oblong, blunt or mucronate, much ex-
ceeded by the slender, simple scape ; flowers distant in the raceme, red ; perigone halt as
loug as the lip : spur linear, falcate, ascending, as long as the perigoue; lip rommis »
2-lobed : its blade as long as the cuneate, 2-auncled claw — Pcepp ,, Endl. A . Gen.l. t. IS,
— 1'-2' high ; leaves 4"-6" long, 1"-1*" broad; lip 6"'-8'" long.— Hab. Jamaica!, Wullschl.,
oil trees ; [Cuba 1 to Peru].

Teibe IV. ARETHTJSE/E. — Pollinaria powdery -granular. Anther terminal, jointed
at the base. Stem terrestrial.

58. CLE1STES, Rich.

Lip convolute below around the column, 2-callous at the base: perigone subequal, conni-
vent, its divisions free. Column free, clavate : anther inflexed-termnial, its bed dentate.—
Tubers terrestrial; leaves distant, embracing the stem at the base ; flowers large, axillary,

or single. . . .

184. C. lutea, Lindl, Leaves oblong-lanceolate, acuminate ; flowers yellow : perigonial
divisions oblong-lanceolate, acuminate; lip half as long, “3-Mcrf, the middle lobe .empate,
emarginate.” — Aubl. t. 321.— Limodorum grandiflorum, Aubl— Stein «-3 hiBh, flowers
few, 3" long. — Hab. Trinidad!, Cr., Savannah de Omar a ; [Guiana].

185. C.°rosea, Lindl. (R.). Leaves oblong-lanceolate, pointed ; flowers rosy : perigo-

ORCHIDEiE.

637

uial divisions oblong-lanceolate, pointed : lip as long , undivided, with an ovate-acuminate
summit. — Stem 1£ -o' high; flowers few, 2"—2^" long. — Hab. Trinidad 1, Pd., Cr., in
savannahs, O’Meara, Aripo; [Panama!; Venezuela!; New Granada!; Guiana].

59. POGONIA, Juss.

Lip free, parallel to the column, not callous, longitudinally crested : perigonial division
free. Column slender : pollinaria 2, furrowed. — Root or tubers terrestrial ; stem with
clasping leaves, or aphyllous ; flowers racemose.

186. P. physurifolia, G. Rchb. Leaves coetaueous, alternate, broadly ovate, pointed,
aoruptly contracted into the tubular sheath, as long as the internodes j raceme spiciform :
bracts herbaceous, subcordate-ovate or roundish, exceeding the pedicel, inferior gradually
larger; perigonial divisions lanceolate-linear; lip oblong-lanceolate, crested along the
midrib. — P. macrophylla , Lindl. 1 — Tubers several, cylindrical ; stem 8,,-12,, high; leaves
3',-l£", flowers 6"' long, the latter “greenish.” — Hab. Jamaica!, Pd., in woods; Domi-
nica !, Imr. ; [Cuba!; Venezuela!; Guiana].

187- P- surinamensis, Lindl. (if.). Leaves coetaueous, alternate, ovate , pointed,
shorter than the internodes; corymb few-l-ftowered ; bracts inferior herbaceous, much
shorter than the pedicel ; perigonial divisions lanceolate; lip obovate, B-fd, 3-crested at
and along the midrib : lateral lobes ovate, exceeding the short, deltoid, crispate, middle
one. — Tubers several, thickish-cylindrical ; stem 4"-8", leaves flowers 5'" long,

the latter “rosy.” — Hab. Trinidad!, Pd., Cr., in the woods of Arima, and in savannahs;
[Guiana],

188. P. tenuis, G. Rchb. t Leaves coetaueous, alternate, or floral opposite, short,
lanceolate-linear, acuminate, much shorter than the internodes ; raceme few-l-flowered ;
flowers distant, subsessile : bracts conform to the stem-leaves, about as long as the slender
ovary; perigonial divisions exterior lanceolate-linear, 2 interior lanceolate; lip cuneate-
oblong, with 2 small lateral lobes above the middle, broadly rounded at the summit, cris-
pate at the margin above, 2-crested along the midrib. — Cleistes paludosa, Benth. ! in PL
Sprucean. 3624 ( non G. Rchb.). — -Tubers cylindrical or oblong; stem slender, 6"-12,,
high ; leaves 6'"— 14s1" long, l'"-2"' broad, spreading-erect ; flowers 8" '-6'" long, “ whitish-
yellow, with a purple lip.” — Hab. Trinidad!, Pd., Cr., in savannahs, Aripo ; [Venezuela !;
equat. Brazil !].

189. P. gentianoides, Lindl. “ Subaphyllous : scales oppressed, bluntish; corymb
6-12 -flowered: bracts ovate, pointed ; perigonial divisions lanceolate, interior half as long
as the exterior ones ; lip cnneate-3-lobed, 3-crested at and along the midrib : middle lobe
roundish, lateral shorter, ovate,” — Arethusa, Sw. : I have seen a sketch of it, taken from an
original specimen, by G. Rchb. — “ Tuber single, cylindrical ; stem 4,,-10,, high ; flowers
pale-purplish.” — Hab. Jamaica (Sw.), among shrubs, near Moraut Bay.

60. EPISTEPI-IIUM, Kth.

Lip free, its base embracing the column : perigone supported by a dentate cnpule,
spreading. Column 3 -fid at the summit ; the middle lobe forming the anther-bed : “ polli-
naria {4, compressed.” — Root fascicled-fibrous; leaves rigid, reticulated-veiny ; flowers
large, usually spicale.

190. E. parviflorum, Lindl. Leaves ovate-lanceolate, pointed, septuplinerved, con-
tracted into a short petiole ; flowers distant, in a terminal, usually simple spike: bracts
minute, deltoid; perigonial divisions spathulate-oblong, equal, a little exceeded by the lip :
cnpule regular ; lip roundish above the contracted base, crispate-lacerate at the margin above
the middle, hairy along the 3 approximate, middle nerves. — G. Rchb. (in lit.) distinguishes
the Irinidad species (E. Cruegeri, ej.) by “larger flowers, broader lip, bluntish sepals, and less
acuminate leaves : ’ but these characters appear variable in our series of specimens (except
the form of the lip). — 4'-6' high ; leaves 5"-3" loug, superior gradually smaller, all dis-
tant; flowers white or rosy, 7,"-10"' long., — Hab. Trinidad!, Pd., Cr., rare, but grega-
rious, Savannah de Aripo; [Guiana].

2 t 2

638

0RCHIDE2E.

Cl. VANILLA, Sw.

Lip adnate to the column, convolute : perigone jointed at the base, spreading-erect.
Column naked : “ pollinaria 2.” — Stem hiyh-climbing by aerial roots ; leaves jointed at
the base ; flowers large, in axillary racemes ; capsule pulpy within.

191. V. planifolia, Andr. Stem cylindrical ; leaves fleshy, oblong or ovate-oblong ,
pointed, contracted at the base, 8-15-nerved ; bracts foliaceous ; perigone green : divisions
lanceolate-oblong ; lip “ callous below the serrulate, repand summit, and crested with minute,
recurved scales at the middle ; capsule elongated, subcylindrical.” — Bot. Repos. 1. 538 :
flowers green, with a white lip. Berg OJfic. Gew. t. 23. a, b : ^flowers wholly green.
Catesb. Carol. Append, t. 7 : flowers white within, but his figure leaves some doubts. — V.
sativa, Schiede {sec. Kl. and Bg.). — Leaves 5"— 7" long, l"-2" broad; flowers about 2",
“ capsule 6" long.” — Hab. S. Vincent !, Guild.; [Mexico; New Granada !; Brazil!].

192. V. anaromatica, Gr. Stem angular ; leaves chartaceous (in drying), broadly
ovate, with a bluntish point, contracted at the base, 30-34-nerved with quadrate areoles ;
bracts foliaceous, elliptical ; flowers “ greenish and white ;” capsule elongated, subcylin-
drical.— Blum. Ed. Burm. t. 188. — Epidendrum Vanilla, L. ( excl . syn. Catesb.). _ V. aro-
matica, Sw. ( non Litidl.) : Gardner’s specimens, i. e. V. aromatica, Lindl. (V. guianensis,
Splitg. sec. Kl.), do not belong to our species, which, though its flower is now unknown,
may with some confidence be referred to Plumier’s figure. — Leaves 6”-8" long, 3' -31
broad; bracts 6'"— 12'", capsule 8" long, the latter “ devoid of aroma” {Plum.).— Hab.
Jamaica!, Pd., in woods; Dominica !, Imr. ; Trinidad !, Cr., Pd. ; [New Granada !].

193. V. claviculata, Sw. Stem cylindrical; “leaves short, oblong-lanceolate, acu-
minate, half-clasping :” bracts membranaceous, inferior oblong-linear, superior much smaller,
ovate; perigone white: divisions lanceolate-oblong; lip deltoid above the middle, crispate-
repand, bearded within along the midrib ; “capsule linear-oblong.” Sio.in Schrad. Journ.
1799. 2. 1. 1 ./. 1. a.: the flower. Desc. FI. 5. t. 362.— I exclude V. claviculata, Lindl.
PL Wright. 672, which has an angular stem, ovate-lanceolate, 8-1 0-nerved leaves, smaller,
“ reddish flowers, linear capsules, and apparently the lip glabrous within. Leaves
“ 1 1 2" long,” inferior bracts 1", uppermost 2'", flowers nearly 2" long. — Hab. Jamaica !,
March, in dry woods ; [Plaiti].

Tribe V. NEOTTIEAU. — Pollinaria powdery-granular. Anther cohering by its base
with the column, persistent. — Stem usually terrestrial.

62. PONTPIIEVA, R. Br.

Lip posterior, adnate to the column together with the 2 interior perigonial divisions.
Column beaked : anther dorsal, stipitate, oblong-linear : pollinaria “ 2, bilobed.”— Root
fascicled ; scape glandular above, chiefly at the racemose flowers ; leaves rosulate.

194. F. glandulosa, R. Br. (L., R.). Leaves lanceolate-elliptical, pointed, shortly
petioled ; perigonial divisions exterior ovate-oblong, lateral flat, 2 interior haf-cordate-
deltoid, slightly cohering below the summit with the ventral one ; lip abruptly dilated above
the claw, roundish with a terminal, linear appendage, complicate below it.— Rich. Cub. t.
87 ■ a form with tapering-subsessile, lanceolate-oblong leaves (P. lancifolia. Rich.)— P. ros-
trata, Lindl. in PI. Hartweg.-V-W high; leaves 3"-5", raceme 3"-6' , perigone 4
long, the latter green, or greenish-brown. — Hab. Jamaica !, all coll., in moist places ; to-
ininica !, Imr. ; [Cuba! ; Carolina ! to Ecuador !].

195. P. petiolata, Lindl. Leaves lanceolate-oblong, or oblong-elliptical, poiuted, long-
pctioled ; perigonial divisions exterior oblong-lanccolatc, lateral revolute at the margin, 2
interior incurved-oblong, shortly half-cordate at the base, cohering above with the ventral
one and forming with it a broadly ovate, blunt, minutely 3-denticulate blade. — Bot. Keg. t.
760.— 1V-2' high ; leaves 3''-6", raceme 3"-6", perigone 5'" long, the latter “ whitish- and
red-variegated.” — PIab. Dominica!, Imr., S. Vincent {Lindl.) ; [Cuba!].

63. CI1ANICHLS, Sw.

Lip posterior, concave, membranaceous : perigonial divisions distinct. Column low

ORCIIIDEzE.

639

pointed: anther dorsal above its base, beaked : “pollinaria 4. Hoot fascicled ; leaves
usually rosulate, those of the stem small, or transformed into sheathing scales ; flowers
spicate.

196. C. mnecosa, Sic. (L., R.). Root-fibres villous ; stem glabrous ; rosulate leaves

ovate, or ovate-oblong, pointed, petioled, those of the stem fotiaceous, inferior cucullate-
sessile, ovate-roundish, superior oblong-lanceolate ; flowers densely spicate : bracts oblong-
lanceolate, or lanceolate, as long as the ovary : perigonial divisions oblong, spreading; lip
as long, sessile, obovate-oblong , tubercled inside, free from, the column. — Sw. FI. t. 29./. 3 :
analgt.—Y- l'(-2') high; lowest leaves those of the stem 6"'-4'" long; flowers

white, 1"'-1/" long, much shorter than the slender ovary.— Hab. Jamaica 1, all coll., in
moist, shady woods ; Dominica!, Imr., S. Vincent, Guild. ; Trinidad!, Cr. ; [Cuba!].

197. C. pauciflora, Sw.(L.). Root-fibres villous ; scape glandular-puberulous above,
distantly sheathed ; leaves rosulate, roundish-elliptical, or elliptical, bluntish, shortly pe-
tioled or subsessile ; flowers subdistaut, somewhat one-sided : bracts ovate, pointed, half as
long as the ovary ; perigonial divisions spreading, exterior lateral obliquely ovate, ventral
oblong-lanceolate, 2 interior half -ovate ; lip as long, sessile, concave to the middle, subulate,
adnate to the base of the column, the latter half as long, beaked. — 8"-15" high ; leaves
l"-14"long; flowers “whitish,” 2'" long. — Hab. Jamaica!, List., M‘Nab, in mountain-
woods ; [Cuba !].

198. C. ventricosa, Gr. (n. sp.). — Root-fibres villous ; scape glandular above, distantly
sheathed ; leaves rosulate, elliptical, or lanceolate-oblong, shortly petioled, or subsessile ;
flowers subdistant, somewhat one-sided : bracts ovate, or oblong, pointed, one-third as long as
the slender ovary ; perigonial divisions spreading, exterior lateral obliquely ovate, ventral
oblong-lanceolate, 2 interior unequally 2-lobed ; lip included, sessile, bluntly saccate-cucul-
cate with a deltoid summit, continuous with the base of the column, the latter half as long,
beaked. — Allied to C.gibbosa, Lindl. !, in which the stem is taller, less glandular, the lowest
sheaths foliaceous, and the interior divisions of the perigone spathulate, not anricled.
8"-l high; leaves variable, 3"-l", flovrers 3'" long. — Hab. Jamaica!, Wils., Wullschl.,
Manchester; [Cuba!, PI. Wright. 1476, 1479].

199. C. diphylla, Sw. “Root-fibres glabrous; scape glabrous; leaves usually 2-1,
cordate, acuminate, petioled ; flowers small, numerous in a short spike : bracts minute,
ovate, pointed ; perigonial divisions 2 interior lanceolate, smaller than the exterior ones ;
lip included, keeled on the back ; column acuminate.” — “ 6" high ; flowers greenish-white.”
— Hab. Jamaica (Sw.), in bogs of the highest mountains, among mosses.

64. WULLSCIILiEGELIA, G. Rchb.

Character of Cranichis, but column truncate with a large, depressed, margined stigma,
and the recurved anther near its 2-mucronate summit. — A leafless, terrestrial parasite, with
fascicled roots ; flowers small, racemose : perigone obliquely curved, connivent.

200. W. apliylla, G. Rchb.! — Sw. FI. t. 29./. 1 : analyt. — Cranichis, Sw. — 6"-15"
high, slender, pubcrulous ; scales distant, lanceolate-acuminate, about V" long ; raceme
spiciform, many-flowered, 5"-l" long : bracts lanceolate, as long as the pedicel, V", ovary
1 i" long ; perigone “ whitish,” V" long : exterior lateral divisions deltoid, ventral oblong,
interior spathulate ; lip cueullate-deltoid ; column as long as broad, slightly incurved :
anther shortly clavate, sessile : stigma half-round. — Hab. Jamaica 1, Pd., Wullschl., in shady
woods, S. Ann’s, rare, Manchester at 2600' alt., Clarendon; [Cuba!].

65. PRESCOTTIA, Lindl.

Lip posterior, cucidlate, hastate-sessile upon the obliquely adnate tube or sack of the peri
gone : divisions of the lutter continuous by the anterior margin of the sack. Column low :
anther dorsal, rounded : “ pollinaria 2, bilobed.” — Root fascicled ; leaves rosulate (-single) ;
flowers in a many-flowered spike.

201. P. stachyoides, Lindl. Leaves ovate, or elliptical-oblong, pointed, sharply
complicated at the long-petioled base ; spike dense, elongated : lowest flowers somewhat dis-
tant : bracts as long as the ovary ; perigonial divisions blunt, exterior oblong-linear, 2 in-

640

ORCHIDE7E.

tcrior linear, all recurved at the summit, much exceeded by the lip ; lip bluntly conical :
basilar auricles linear, incurved. — Sw. FI. t. 29./. 4: analyt. (Cranichis, Sw.). Bat. Beg.
t. 1915 (P. colorans, Lindl. ! : a form with 1-2, large, elliptical-oblong leaves). — li'-3'
high ; leaves 4"-8", long, variable ; flowers greenish : lip 2'" long. — IIab. Jamaica !,
Macf., Pd., on stony mountains and in woods ; Dominica !, Imr. ; [Cuba! and Mexico ! to
Brazil].

202. P. myosurus, G. Belli. ! ms. Leaves ovate, or elliptical, pointed, shortly pe-
tioled ; spike dense, filiform ; lowest flowers often somewhat distant : bracts linear-acumi-
nate, a little shorter than the ovary ; perigonial divisions exterior lateral deltoid , erect,
including the lip, anterior and 2 interior linear, blunt, recurved ; lip hemispherical- coni-
cal, blunt: basilar auricles very short. — Sw. FI. t. 29./. 2: analyt. — Cranichis oligantha,
Sw. ( Prescottia , Lindl.) : a name given by mistake instead of C. micrantha, the flowers being
numerous. — 6"-l 2" high, slender : leaves 8"'-li" long, usually longer than the petiole ;
flowers “reddish-white,” l'" long. — Hab. Jamaica !, Fd., Wullschl., on rocks and in moun-
tain pastures, Manchester, Hanover ; Dominica !, Imr. ; [Cuba !].

66. STENOPTERA, Pd.

Lip posterior, adhering at the base to a perigonial tube : all divisions narrow. Column
curved : anther obliquely terminal : polliuaria 2. — Root fascicled, or fibrous ; leaves rosu-
lale ; flowers spicate.

203. S. ananassocomos, G. Belli. ! Low ; leaves elliptical, mucronulate-pointed, taper-
ing into a short petiole, ciliolate, about half as long as the puberulous scape ; spike dense,
ovoid : bracts ovate, cuspidate, fringed-ciliate, lower exceeding the flower; perigonial divisions
exterior lateral linear, blunt, nearly conform to the lip, ventral cohering with the 2 interior
ones to near the summit, forming with them a 3 -dentate, spathulate-li near blade ; lip as long,
spathulate-linear, convolute at the claw, 1-3-nerved. — Spiranthes Gardneri, Lindl. ! in PL
Wright. 1482. — 1'-2' high ; rosulate leaves many, 6'"-8"' long, lower bracts 4'", flowers
2W long ; perigonial tube obliquely adnate to the ovary -neck, much shorter than the divisions ;
anther lanceolate-acuminate, as long as the column, its bed with a dorsal tooth : pollinaria
clavate, solid : rostellum ovate. — Hab. Jamaica !, Wullschl., among mosses, hanging from
trees, near Beaufort ; [Cuba !, Brazil],

67. SPIRANTHES, Rich.

Lip anterior, channelled, embracing at the base the column, 2-callous : perigonial divi-
sions exterior, lateral oblique at the base, superior and 2 interior often cohering below.
Column curved : anther dorsal : polliuaria “ 2, bilobed.” — Root fascicled, usually with tube-
rous fibres ; leaves all, or most rosulate, rarely all suppressed ; spike usually spirally
twisted. ■ ■

§ 1. Flowers horizontally curved (Euspiranthes, Lindl!).

204. S. tortilis, Rich. (R.). Scape glabrous below, distantly sheathed with tubular-
acuminate scales; leaves “ linear,” disappearing before anthesis ; spike slender , puberulous:
flowers white, nearly one-sided : bracts ovate-oblong, pointed, as tong as or little longer
than the ovary ; perigonial divisions oblong-lanceolate, exterior lateral as long as the lip,
superior and 2 interior cohering at the base ; lip cucullate, gibbous at the base, keeled on
the back : blade oval, crenale-crispate, or ohsoletely 3-lobed. — Sw. FI. t. 28./. c. analyt.
— Neottiu, Sw. — 1-2' high; spike l"-4", flowers 3'". long.— Hab. Jamaica!, all coll., in
savannahs ; Antigua !, Wullschl.

205. S. apiculata, Lindl. ( 7i . ) . Scape glabrous, distantly sheathed with clasping,
lanceolate-acuminate scales ; leaves . . . ; spilce slender, glabrous, spiral : bracts ovate-oblong,
acuminate, nearly as long as the flower ; perigonial divisions oblong -lanceolate, exterior
lateral as long as the lip, superior and 2 interior cohering below; lip oblong, blunt, crenale-
crispate.— 1' high ; spike 3"-6", flowers 2"' long.— Hab. Jamaica !, Pd. ; Dominica !, Imr. ;
Trinidad !, Sieb. Tr. 118 ; [French islands !].

206. S. Hostmanni, G. Bclib. Scape glabrous below, distantly sheathed with tubular-
ficmninatc scales ; leaves . . . ; spike puberulous, glnbresccnt, spiral : bracts lanceolate-

0RCIIIDE2E.

641

linear, acuminate, as long as the flowers ; perigonial divisions ovate, pointed, exterior lateral,
as long as the lip, superior and 2 interior cohering at the gibbous base; lip cucullate to the
middle, keeled on the back ; blade oval, entire.— 6" high ; spike 1 , flowers 1 long.—
Hab. Trinidad!, Cr. ; [Guiana].

207. S. bicolor, Lindt. Stem distantly sheathed with minute leaves, villous-puberu-
lous ; leaves “ lowest rosulate, oblong-lanceolate, acuminate,” disappearing before anthesis,
those of the stem ovate, inserted into a tubular sheath, bluntish or pointed, superior acumi-
nate, gradually passing into bracts ; spilce lax, spiral, densely glandular-pubescent : bracts
ovate-acuminate, exceeding the ovary ; perigonial divisions exterior lateral lanceolate, gib-
bous below the lip, superior and 2 interior cohering below the 2,-dentate summit, forming
an ovate-oblong galea with a gibbous base; lip complicated, keeled on the back, cucullate at
the dilated base, contracted at the middle : blade obovate, emarginate, subentire. — But.
Beg. t. 794. — About 1' high ; spike 2"-4", flowers 3'" long, the latter “ greenish with a
white lip.” — Hab. Trinidad!, Pd., Cr., Savannah de Omara.

208. S. elata, Rich. (A., R). Scape glabrous, sheathed with distant, appressed, clasp-
ing-tubular, acuminate scales ; leaves rosulate, elliptical or elliptical-oblong, pointed, pe-
iioled ; spile elongated, spiral, pubescent: bracts lanceolate-acuminate, nearly as long as
the flower ; perigonial divisions linear, blunt, exterior lateral cohering at the gibbous base
beneath the lip, as long as the latter, superior exceeding the 2 interior ones, little adhering
to them at the base ; lip linear, blunt, entire, ehannelled-clasping below. — Bot. Mag.
t. 2026— Neottia, Sw. — H'-2' high ; leaves 2"-6", spike 3"-8", flowers 3"' long, the
latter “greenish.” — Hab. Jamaica!, all coll., in woods; Antigua!, Wullschl., Dominica !,
Imr. ; Trinidad !, Pd., Cr. ; [Cuba ! to Brazil !].

209. S. Scopularise, G. Rchb. I Scape villous, sheathed above with 1-2, clasping,
lanceolate, membranaceous scales ; leaf single, cordate-orbicular : petiole short, sheathing ;
spike spiral, villous-pubescent : bracts lanceolate, nearly as long as the ovary ; perigonial
divisions lanceolate, all distinct above their obliquely adnate tube ; lip channelled-elaspiug
below the middle, a little shorter than the perigone : blade short, oblong, fleshy at the
bluntish summit, involute at the entire margin. — 4"-6" high ; leaves H"-2" diam. ; spike
1"— 1^", flowers 2'" long. — Hab. Trinidad !, Cr., savannahs above S. Joseph.

§ 2. Flowers curved- sub erect : exterior lateral divisions of the perigone deflexed

(Sarcoglottis, Prl.) .

210. S. picta, Lindl. Scape glabrous below, sheathed with clasping-tubular, acumi-
nate scales ; leaves coetaneous, large, lanceolate-oblong or elliptical-oblong, tapering into
the petiole ; spike haiiy : flowers large, distant : bracts linear-acuminate, as long as the ovary ;
perigonial divisions oblong -linear, exterior lateral decurreut ; lip included, oblong, chan-
nelled below the deltoid, veiny summit, dilated at the base. — Bot. Reg.t. 823. — 1'-2' high ;
leaves 4"-6", spike 4"-6", flowers about 8"'-10"' long, the latter “ greenish-white or varie-
gated.”— Hab. Trinidad !, Bradfl, at the cascade of Diego Martin ; [Guiana !, Brazil].

211. S. simplex, Or. (n. sp.). Scape glabrous below, puberulous above, sheathed with
linear-acuminate, distant scales ; leaves none at the time of flowering ; flowers 1-2 : bracts
lanceolate-acuminate, exceeded by the ovary ; perigonial divisions exterior lateral oblong,
blunt, constricted above the middle, superior and 2 interior united to the middle, forming
a S-fld galea with an elliptical, concave lower portion, and linear, blunt lobes : middle lobe
longer, recurved, lateral erect ; lip as long as the perigone, nearly conform to its exterior
lateral divisions, constricted above the middle : lower portion concave, elliptical-oblong,
upper oval ; column slender. — Root-fibres cylindrical, about If1 thick ; scape 5"-6" high,
filiform ; scales 61", bracts 4'", ovary perigone 4"' long ; anther shortly stipitate : polli-
naria 2. — Hab. Trinidad!, Cr., at Aripo; [Brazil?, G. Rchb. in Hti].

68. STENORRHYNCIiUS, Rich.

Character of Spiranthes, but lip devoid of callosities, column slender with a persistent,
long-acuminate rostellum, and exterior lateral divisions of the perigone (in the West Indian
species) produced at the base into an adnate sack or spur. — Scape sheathed with scales ;
flowers spicate : bracts coloured: perigone erect-spreading.

642

ORCIUDEjE.

212. S. speciosus, Rich. (It). Leaves elliptical or elliptical-oblong, pointed; bracts
oblong-lanceolate, acuminate, as long as the flowers ; perigone glabrous : sack adnate,
much shorter than the ovary ; lip-oblong-linear, shortly acuminate. — Jacq. Ic. Rar. t. COO.
— Neottia, Jacq. — 2' high; leaves 4"-G", spike 2"-3", flowers 8"' long, the latter crimson,
approximate. — Hab. Jamaica!, Bancr., Wul/schl., in moist woods; [Cuba! and Mexico!
to Venezuela ! and New Granada !].

213. S. lanceolatus, Rich. (R..). Leaves lanceolate-oblong , bluntish ; bracts lanceo-
late or lanceolate-linear, as long as the ovary ; perigone puberulous : sack adnate, blunt at
the base, one-tliird as long as the ovary ; lip oblong-linear, shortly acuminate. — S. or-
chioides, Lindl. (excl. synon.). — 2-3' high; leaves 6" -10", spike 3"-6", “red” flowers
6'" long. — Hab. Antigua!, Wullschl. ; [Cuba!].

214. S. orchioides , Rich. Aphyllous at the time of flowering ; “ leaves serotinous

( Macf .), long, broadly lanceolate, pointed ;” bracts lanceolate-linear, as long as the ovary ;
perigone puberulous ; sack prodtcced beyond the adnate portion into a bluntly conical,free
spur, half as long as the ovary ; lip oblong, pointed. — Bot. Mag. t. 2797. — Neottia, Sw. :
but comprising probably the preceding, to which his analytical figure (FI. t. 28. f. a, b)
seems to belong. S. aphyllus, Lindl. — 2,-3/ high ; spike “lurid” flowers S"l-10'"

long. — Hab. Jamaica!, all coll., in dry places, along roadsides, common; Dominica !, Imr.,
S. Vincent !, Guild. ; Trinidad !, Sch., Cr. ; [Haiti ! to Brazil !].

69. SAUROGLOSSUM, Lindl.

Character of Spiranthes, but column slender with a deltoid, undivided stigma, and the
lip devoid of callosities. — Leaves usually rosulate ; flowers spicale.

215. S. tenue, Lindl.! Leaves ovate, pointed, as long as the petiole; scales of the
scape membranaceous, linear-acuininate, subappressed ; spike few-flowered : bracts lanceolate-
acuminate, as long as the ovary ; perigonial divisions exterior blunt, superior oblong, lateral
and 2 interior linear ; lip long-clawed : claw linear, channelled : blade much shorter, round-
ish.— 6"-10" long, leaves 1", “ white ” flowers 6'" long. — Hab. Jamaica !, Pd., in moist
woods, S. Anns; [Cuba!].

70. PELEXIA, Poit.

Character of Spiranthes, but column low, lip devoid of callosities; and exterior lateral
divisions of the perigone produced at the base into an adnate or free spur. — Scape pubes-
cent ; leaves rosulate ; flowers distantly spicate.

216. P. spiranthoides, Lindl. Leaves elliptical-oblong, pointed, long-petioled ; spike
long, loose : bracts lanceolate-acuminate, about as long as the flower ; perigonial divisions
lanceolate, downward bent ; lip dilated at the summit into a roundish, 2-lamellate blade ;
spur adnate. — Bot. Reg. t. 985.— Neottia adnata, Sw. — l'-3' high; leaves 4''-5", spike
2"-8" long; flowers “ greenish, with a white, variegated lip,” 3'" long (except the spur). —
Hab. Jamaica (Sw.), in woods ; S. Vincent (Lindl.) ; [Cuba !, Haiti].

217. P. setacea, Lindl. “Leaves elliptical, pointed, long-petioled ; bracts linear-acumi-
nate, exceeding the ovary ; perigonial divisions linear, setaceous-acuminate ; lip lanceolate-
acuminate, ciliate ; spur half-free, filiform, curved.” — Bot. Mag. t. 3403. — Neottia calca-
rata , Hook. (SwM).— “l'-2' high; leaves 3''-6", perigone about 1" long, greenish.”—
Hab. Jamaica (Hook.) ; [Cuba to Brazil].

71. PHYSURUS, Rich.

Lip anterior, free, spurred at the base : perigonial divisions 2 interior adhering to the ex-
terior superior one. Column straight : anther dorsal : polliuaria 2. — Roots divided ; stem
leafy below ; leaves petioled : petiole dilated at the base into a loose sheath ; flowers in a
spiciforni raceme.

218. P. hirtellus, Lindl. (R.). Stem ascending, pilose; leaves ovate or ovate-oblong,
cuspidate ; bracts lanceolate-acuminate, exceeding the ovary ; perigonial divisons exterior

ORCII IDE7E.

643

lateral lanceolate-linear; lip dilated into a small, semilunar, ciliate blade : spur shortly
cylindrical, slightly curved, much shorter than the ovary. — Orchis, Sw. 6 ^12 high ; leaves
lV'-2", raceme l"-3", flowers IV" long, the latter “ greenish- white.”— Hab. Jamaica!,
all coll., in mountain woods; Dominica!, Imr., S. Lucia, S. Vincent; [Cuba!].

219. P. plantagineus, Lindl.! Stem ascending, puberulous, naked above; leaves
ovate-oblong or ovate, pointed ; bracts oblong-lanceolate, exceeding the ovary ; perigonial
divisions exterior lateral oblong-lanceolate, bluntish ; lip dilated above into an ovate-oblong,
sub-3-lobed blade : middle lobe narrow, exserted, revolute-acuminate : spur clavate, blunt,
descending, exceeding half the ovary. — SI. t. 147- f. 2. Rich. Cub. t. 88. Satyrium, L.
Orchis, Sic. P. Sagreeanus, Rich. Pelexia bursaria, Lindl. — 1-2' high; leaves 4-2 ,
raceme 2"(-6") long ; flowers white, 3"' long (the spur excluded). — Hab. Jamaica !, Pd.,
Wullschl., in moist woods; Dominical, Imr., Bradf.; Trinidad, Or.; [Cuba!].

72. CHLOTDIA, Lindl.

Lip anterior, free, clawed, spurless, parallel to the column, devoid of callosities : perigo-
nial divisions distinct, the superior diverging from the 2 interior ones. Column slender :
anther dorsal: “ pollinaria 2.” — Root fibrous; stem leafy ; leaves plaited-chartaceous ;
flowers in compound, short, axillary and terminal racemes : bracts small.

220. C. flava, Gr. Stout ; leaves oblong-lanceolate, acuminate ; panicle short, sub-
sessile, most axillary ; bracts ovate-deltoid, concave, inferior oblong-lanceolate ; perigonial
divisions oblong-linear (or linear), 2 interior as long as the lip ; lip oblong-linear, chan-
nelled below the flat, slightly dilated, pointed, spreadiug-erect summit.- — Neottia, Sw. C. de-
cumbens, Lindl. {ex parte). — -6'— 8' high ; leaves l'-lV, panicles 2"-4", flowers S'" long,
the latter pale-yellow. — Hab. Jamaica !, Pd., in moist woods, Manchester; [Cuba !].

221. C. polystachya, G. Rchb. Stem naked below, with tumid nodes ; leaves oblong-
lanceolate, acuminate ; panicle terminal, peduncled, axillary shorter, subsessile, few or
none : bracts lanceolate ; perigonial divisions exterior ovate-oblong, 2 interior oblong,
longer than the lip ; lip oblong, concave below the middle : blade ovate, pointed, recurved
at the margin.— Neottia, C. vernalis, Lindl. ! — 1-2' high; leaves 5"-l 8", terminal
panicle 2"-3", flowers S'" long, the latter “pale-red.” — Hab. Jamaica!, Pd., in woods,
Manchester, Westmoreland ; [Cuba !].

Vlanthe grandiflora, Hook. ! (apparently a Chlorcea), figured in Bot. Mag. t. 2956, as
introduced from S. Vincent, is probably not indigenous in that island, like several cultivated
plants sent by Rev. Mr. Guilding.

Tribe VI. OP HR TDEJE. — Anther wholly adnate to the column : pollinaria 2, many-
lobed, attached to stigmatic glands. — Root terrestrial, usually tuberous.

73. HABENARIA, IV.

Lip free, spurred : perigonial divisions distinct. Anther-cells diverging, distant at the
base: glands naked. Stigma 2-appendiculate. — Superior leaves decrescent j flowers in a
spile or spiciform raceme.

* Perigonial divisions 2 interior 2-partite.

222. H. macroceratitis, W. (72.). Leaves ovate-oblong ; flowers white, distant, in
a few-flowered spike; bracts oblong-lanceolate, almost as long as the ovary ; perigonial divi-
sions exterior lateral reflexed, ovate-lanceolate, superior cucullate-ovate, 2 interior 2- partite :
their anterior segments filiform, recurved, twice as long as the posterior lanceolate ones ;
lip S-pariile : middle segments linear, lateral ones longer, filiform : spur very long, about
thrice as long as the ovary, curved- descending, filiform, little clavate ; appendages of the
stigma falcate. — Sw. Obs. t. 9. — Orchis ITabcnaria, Ij. II. macroceras, Spreng. — Tubers
single ; stem 1'-1V high ; perigone (except its longer filiform divisions) 6"'-8'", spur about
4" long. Hab. Jamaica!, all coll., in grassy plains.

223. H. maculosa, Lindl.! Leafy; leaves oblong-lanceolate; flowers white, in a

G44

RIIIZ0CARPE2E.

dense, spiciform raceme : Israels ovate-lanceolate, about as long as the ovary ; perigonial
divisions exterior lateral rellexed, 2 interior 2-partite : their anterior segments setaceous ;
lip A-partite : segments linear-setaceous, subequal : spur little longer than the ovary , curved,
filiform; “appendages of the stigma falcate.” — Orchis setacea, Jacq. O. monorrhiza, Sic.
{ex parte ; H. brac.hyeeratitis, IV.). — Tubers single ; stem often spotted, 1 V-'A1 high : ra-
ceme 3"-8", flowers 5"'-6'", spur 9"'-10'" long. — Hab. Jamaica !, all coll., in grassy plains ;
Dominica 1, It nr., S. Vincent !, Guild. ; Trinidad!, Or., Bradf.; [Cuba ! to New Grauada!].

224. H. setacea, Lindl. {ex descr.). Slender; leaves linear-setaceous, distant;
fluwers yellow, distant in a 5-8-ilowered, narrow spike : bracts ovate-lanceolate, acuminate,
a little exceeding or as long as the loug, incurved ovary ; perigonial divisions exterior
lateral reflexed, oblong, bluntish, superior ovate, 2 interior 2-partite : their anterior seg-
ments setaceous, as long as the oblong-linear posterior ones ; lip A-partiie : segments linear,
subequal: spur as long as the ovary , filiform, straightisli-descending ; appendages of the
stigma short, thickish, rounded. — Habit of H. heptadaciyla, G. Rchb. !, but lip-segments
narrower. About 1' high ; inferior leaves li"-2" long, 1" broad at the base ; spike 3",
bracts aud spurs about 6'", perigone and lip 2'" long. — Hab. Trinidad !, Pd., Cr., in savan-
nahs ; [Brazil ( Lindl .)].

225. H. mesodactyla. Or. {n.sp.). Slender; leaves linear-setaceous, distant; flowers
very distant in a 3-5-flowered spike : bracts ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, little exceeded by
the incurved ovary ; perigonial divisions exterior lateral rellexed, oblong-lanceolate, superior
deltoid, 2 interior 2-partite : their anterior segments setaceous, twice as long as the linear
posterior ones ; lip A-partite : segments filiform : middle twice as long as the lateral ones:
spur little shorter than the ovary, filiform, somewhat elavate, descending ; appendages of the
stigma short, thickish, rounded. — Nearly allied to the preceding, with which it grows inter-
mingled (Cr.), and some characters depend perhaps upon the more advanced state of deve-
lopment in which this was collected. Habit and proportions the same, but stem rather higher,
flowers more distant, and lip-segments narrower. — Hab. Trinidad!, Cr., in savannahs,
Piarco.

** Perigonial divisions undivided.

226. EE. alata, HooJc. ! Leaves lanceolate-acuminate ; flowers in a slender, many-
flowered spike: bracts oblong-lanceolate, exceeding the winged ovary ; perigonial divisions,
exterior ovate-lanceolate, pointed, lateral rellexed, 2 interior lanceolate, entire ; lip as long as
the perigone, entire, filiform, minutely 2-dentate at the base : spur little shorter than the
ovary , clavate-filiform, curved ; appendages of the stigma oblong, blunt. — H. brachyceras,
Lindl.! (Orchis monorrhiza, Sw. ex parte, sec. Lindl.). — li'-3' high, leafy; spike 2 -6 ,
bracts 8 "'-10'", flowers 3"'-4"', spur 4'"- 5'" long.— Hab. Jamaica!, all coll., in marshes
and savannahs ; Antigua!, Wullschl., S. Vincent !, Guild.; [Cuba!].

CRYPTOGAMS YASCULARES.

CXLIX. EHIZOCARPE/E.

Sporangia and antheridangia included by conceptacula, the latter axillary, petiolar or
from the contracted axis. — Aquatic herbs.

1. MARSILEA, L.

Conceptacula common to the monosporous sporangia aud the antheridangia, longitudi-
nally 2-valved, many-celled : cells transverse, 2-seriate.— Leaves 4 -folio/ale : petiole slender,
circinate in the hud.

LY COPODI ACEiE.

645

1. M. polycarpa, Hook., Grev. Leaflets broadly cuneiform, glabresccnt; concepta-
cula numerous, petiolar, one-sided above the base of the petiole, uodding, ovoid, blunt, about
as long as their pedicels. — Hook. Grev. t. 160— M. brasilieusis, Mart. {Crypt. Bras. t. 73) :
our form, which is smaller than the original one of Hook. Grev., with the coneeptacula less
numerous (8-3), and densely pilose, when young : by their small size (V" long) the fruits are
very different from those of M. quadrifolia. — Hab. Jamaica!, Pel., in ponds, S. Eliza-
beth; [Guiana, Bahia].

CL. LYCOPODIACEiE.

Sporangia and antheridangia both axillary or doubtful organs of fructification (called
sporangia) analogous to the antheridangia in structure and axillary insertion. — Stem leafy ;
leaves small, moss-like , sessile.

1. SELAG1NELLA, P. B.

Sporangia 1-celled, 2-4-valved, 4(-8-l)-sporous. Antheridangia l-celled, 2-valved. —
Leaves in the West Indian species A-slichous, sterile of two kinds, the larger in two lateral,
the smaller or middle ones in two anterior series ; spores much larger than the antheridia.

* Stem continuous.

1. S. patula, Spring. Stem creeping, shortly branched, continuous; leaves ovate-
oblong, pointed, ciliate, middle ones subulate ; aments short : bracts conform, 4-st,ichous,
acuminate, — Lycopodium, Sw. S. sarmentosa, A. Br. S. cordifolia, Spiring : a form with
mucronate leaves. — Leaves V" long. — Hab. Jamaica!, all coll., in woods ; [Cuba!, Wr.
940, to Brazil !].

2. S. serpens, Spring. Stem creeping, shortly branched, continuous ; leaves oval-
oblong, blunt, ciliate, those of the branchlets imbricate, middle ones mucronate ; aments
short : bracts conform, 4-stichous, acuminate.— Lycopodium, W. — Leaves i'"— §'" long. —
Hab. Jamaica {Spring), in mountain-woods; [Cuba!, Wr. 941].

3. S. confusa, Spring ! Stem creeping, spreading-branched, continuous ; leaves ovate,
minutely mucronate at the rounded apex, ciliate (or subentire), most distant, middle ones
mucronate ; aments short : bracts conform, 4-stichous, cuspidate.- — Lycopodium ornithopo-
dioides, Sw. {non L.) : [S. ornithopodioides (Lycopodium, L. ; S. integerrirna, Spring) is
very similar, but has distichous aments], S. rotundifolia, Spring ! S. denudata, Spring :
probably a form devoid of marginal bristles ; at least there is a remarkable confusion in
Spring’s monograph, as Willdenow says (Sp. PI. 5. p. 36) that he separated his L. denuda-
tum and his L. hispidum from one and the same Jamaica plant, both growing intermingled ;
while Spring has quoted the former of these original specimens as a Jamaica species (Mo-
nogr. p. 85), the other as his East Indian S. ornithopodioides (p. 94) ; hence I conclude
that L. hispidum, W. {L. ornithopodioides jamaicense, sec. W.), is the ciliate, and L.de-
nudalum, W., the eciliatc form of S. confusa. — Leaves |"'-l"'long. — Hab. Jamaica ! ( S . con-
fusa, Spring !) ; S. Vincent;, Guild. {S. rotundifolia. Spring!) ; [Cuba !, Wr. 942 ; Porto-
rico !; Venezuela !, Fendl. 462 ; Brazil !].

4. S. flexuosa, Spring ! Stem ascending, many-branched, continuous ; leaves ob-
liquely oval-oblong, blunt or bluntish, entire, eciliate base of the rib approximate to the
lower margin : middle leaves ovate, awned-cuspidate : bracts conform, 4-stichous, spreading,
pointed. — Plum. Fil. t. 43, inf. dextr. Raddi, Fit. Bras. t. 2. — S. didymostachya, Spring !
Lycopodium stoloniferum, Raddi {non Sw.). L. denudatum, Hook. Grev. sec. Spring. —
Leaves l'"-li"' long. — Hab. Jamaica!, Macf., Wiles; [Brazil!].

5. S. substipitata, Spring. Stem ascending, many-branched, continuous ; leaves ob-
liquely ovate, pointed, minutely serrulate, eciliatc : base upward produced : middle leaves
ovate, awned-cuspidate ; bracts conform, 4-stichous, acuminate. — Habit of the preceding and
of &. Martensii, Spring. — Leaves V'-l f1 long. — Hab. Dominica!, Imr. ; [Portorico 1;
Guadeloupe!; Panama! to Brazil ! and Peru !].

6. S. cuspidata, Lie. Stem carspilose, ascending or erect, usually densely branched
above, continuous; leaves ovale (or ovate-oblong), cuspidate at the falcate summit, mi-

646

LYCOPODIACEjE.

nutely ciliaie, middle ones semiovate, pointed ; bracts conform, 4-stichous, cuspidate— S.
sulcangnla, Spring! : a large form, its stems erect, simple below.— Leaves rigid,
long, — ILab. Jamaica!, Pd. ; [Cuba!, Wr. 939, to Brazil!].

7. S. flabellata, Spring. Stem stout, erect, pyramidal-branchcd above, contiuuous :
secondary branches approximate, dense, piunately alternate ; leaves ovate-oblong , acute at
the subfcdcate summit, upward half-cordate at the base, entire at the lower, slightly serru-
late at the upper margin, middle ones obliquely elliptical, mucrouate ; bracts conform,
4-stichous, acuminate. — Plum. Fil. t. 43, inf. sinistr. — Lycopodium, L. — 8"-2' high;
leaves of the branches 1"' long. — ILab. Dominica!, lmr., S. Vincent !, Guild.; [French
islands !, Sieb. Mart. 232 ; Panama ! to Peru ! and .Brazil ! ; Pacific islands !; East Indies !
to South China !].

S. albonitens. Spring. A West Indian species, distinguished from all others by com-
pressed aments and ditform bracts, has not yet been sent from the British islands.

** Stem jointed at the origin of branches.

8. S. stolonifera, Spring. “ Stem creeping, distichous-branched, jointed ; leaves del-
toid, pointed, denticulate, middle ones falcate, acuminate ; aments short : hracts 4-stichous,
•conform,” — Lycopodium, Sw. — Hab. Jamaica (Sio.) ; [Cuba; Haiti].

9. S. ciliauricula. Spring. “ Stem creeping, distichous-branched, jointed ; leaves
ovate-lanceolate, pointed, long-ciliate at the base, middle ones falcate, acuminate, long-
ciliate ; bracts conform, 4-stichous, shortly acuminate.” — S. muioides, Spring (ex parte) , sec.
A. Br.— Hab. Trinidad {Sieb., Or. sec. A. Br.) ; [Venezuela],

2. LYCOPODIUM, L.

Sporangia reniform, 1-celled, 2 valved : spores co.— Leaves mang-A-seriaL

* Sporangia in aments.
f Sterile leaves of two lands.

10 14. scariosum, Forst. Ascending ; leaves adnate-decurrent, those of the sterile
branches difform, anterior larger, 2-serial-lateral, spreading, subfalcate-ohlong or ovate-
ohlono- pointed, posterior ‘i- serial, lanceolate, scanous at the tapering point, conform to
the 6 -serial leaves of the fertile branches ; bracts in cylindrical aments, deltoid-acuminate,
scarious above.

fa. Aments sessile or shortly peduncled.] tt > r

p Jassioei, Desv. Fertile branches produced into long, divided peduncles.— Hook. 1c.
t. 186.— L. Gayanum, Clos, in PI. Philippi, 553. , . , „ .

Hab. Jamaica !, Pd., Bancr., S. Georges, Moorce’s Gap (0) ; [0, Venezuela! to Fuegia ;

a, New Zealand !, Tasmania].

11. L. complanatum, L. Ascending ; leaves subulate-lanceolate, adnate-decurrent,
those of the sterile, flattish branches 4- serial , larger 2-serial-lateral, of the smaller ones
one series anterior, the other posterior ; aments peduncled fastigiate, 12-2: bracts broadly
subulate, scarious at the point .-Schk. Crypt, t. 163.-L. thyoides, Kth. : the tropical
larger form with the aments usually more numerous. — Hab. Jamaica !, Pd., Bancr., Blue
Mountains ; [temperate regions of the globe].

12 Ii. carolinianum, L. Creeping, with erect peduncles ; leaves of the creeping
branches difform, lateral 2-serial, oblong-lanceolate, pointed, anterior lanceolate-linear,
nearly as long, irregularly 2-serial, conform to those of the peduncl c, posterior none ;
aments single, cylindrical : bracts subulate, 8-serial.— L. repens, Sw.—. Hab. Trinidad !,
Pd., in savannahs ; [United States ! to Brazil !; trop. Africa ! to the Cape !; East Indies ! ;

Tasmania !].

ft Sterile leaves conform.

13 Ii clavatum, L. Creeping with ascending, leafy branches; leaves many-serial,
conform ‘incurved-spreading, lanceolate or linear-acuminate with a terminal hair, decree-
cent along the peduncle ; aments cylindrical, fastigiate, 8-2: bracts peltate-deltoid, seta-

LYCOPODIACEiE.

647

ceous-acuminate. — L. trickiatum, Bory, and L. aristatura. Kill. : the tropical forms with
linear-acuminate leaves (Plum. Fil. t. 155. 3.). — Hab. Jamaica!, Pd., Wiles ; Inmdad.,
Lockh. ; [throughout the globe].

14. Ia. cemnum, L. Erect, woody, thyrsoid with dichotomous branches above ; leaves
many-serial, conform, incurved-spreading, linear-acuminate ; aments cernuous, sessile-
terminal: bracts deltoid-acuminate, denticulate. — Plum. Fil. t. 165. A. — 3'-6' high.

a. Slender ; leaves loosely imbricated, furrowed on the back, about l,,f long ; aments
short, often ovoid.

0. curvalum, Sw. Stout; leaves densely imbricated, usually smooth on the back, about
2'" long; ameuts shortly cylindrical.

Hab. Jamaica !, Shepherd; Dominica !, Imr. (a, &), S. Viueent !, Guild. ; [all tropical
countries to the Azores!, Southern China!, and the Cape !].

15. li. phlegmaria, L. Pendulous, dichotomously branched ; leaves 4- serial , con-
form, erect-spreading, ovate or ovate-lanceolate, abruptly passing into much smaller bracts
or peduncular leaves; aments filiform, forked, or dichotomous, often elongated.

[a. Leaves pointed, shortly petioled ; aments sessile : bracts minutely deltoid, often
scarcely as long as the sporangia.]

/3. nummularifolium , Bl. Leaves ovate or ovate-ohlong, blunt or hluntish, subses-
sile ; aments peduncled or sessile : bracts deltoid-subulate, usually exceeding the sporangia,
those of the peduncled aments gradually passing into oblong-lanceolate peduncular leaves.
— Hook. Grev. Ic. t. 212. — L. aqualupiauum, Spring : a form with hluntish or subacute
leaves.

Hab. Trinidad!, Parker (j9), on trees; [/3. Cuba!, Wr. 936, 945; Venezuela!, Fendl.
320 ; and East Indies ; a. most tropical mountains to the southern temperate zone],

** Sporangia axillary ; leaves conform.

16. L . reflexum ,Lam. Ascending, few-branehed, leafy; leaves many-serial, recurved ,
linear-acuminate , minutely denticulate, fertile not decrescent. — Plum. Fil. t. 166. A. — L.
squarrosum, Sw. (L. rigidum, Sw.) L. Sieberianum, Spring. — Leaves 2,"-4'" long, f'-f1’
broad. — Hab. Jamaica!, Macf., Pd., Bancr. ; Dominica!, Imr., S. Vincent!, Guild.;
[Cuba !, Wr. 933, to French islands !, Mexico ! to Brazil! and Chili],

17. Ij. dichotomum, Jacq. Ascending or flexuose, twice-thrice-forked with diverging
branches, very leafy; leaves many-serial, flaccid-spreading (or recurved), linear-acuminate,
quite entire, fertile ones gradually, hut little decrescent. — Jacq. Amer. Piet. t. 252. lladd.
Fil. Bras. t. 4. — L. mandioeanum, Ptadd. L. reflexum, PI. Lechl. 2012. — Leaves 10'"-6'"
(-15"') long, broad at the base. — Hab. Jamaica !, Pd., Bancr., on trees, in mountain-
woods ; [Cuba !, Wr. 944, to South Brazil ! and Peru !; Galapagos !].

18. L. linifolium, L. Pendulous, several times (or more) forked with flaccid branches,

leafy ; leaves many-serial, spreading, lanceolate-linear, acuminate , a little contracted at
the base, quite entire, fertile ones iiltle or much decrescent. — Plum. Fil. t. 166. C. — L.
passerinoides, Klh. (L. nitens, Cham. Schlecht. ; Kuna. Farnkr. t. 80) : a form with
shorter leaves.— Leaves 10"'-6"'(-4"') long, 1 broad— Hab. Jamaica!, Pd., M‘Nab,

Wils., on trees, S. Anns, rare near Bath ; [Cuba !, Wr. 934, to Brazil and Peru !].

19. Ij. taxifolium, L. At length pendulous, several-times-once-forlced with flaccid
branches, leafy ; leaves sub-6-serial, spreading, narrowly lanceolate or oblong-linear, little
or not tapering at the base, shortly acuminate , quite entire, fertile ones little decrescent. —
Hook. Grev. Ic. t. 131 .—Leaves 8"'-5"' long, 1"'-1V" broad, more rigid than in the pre-
ceding.—Hab. Jamaica!, Macf. , Pd., Wils., on trees; Dominica!,' Imr., S. Vincent!
Guild.; [Cuba!, Wr. 937, to Peru !].

20. Xi. verticillatum, B. Pendulous, dichotomous with flaccid branches, leafy ; leaves
short, many-serial, erect-spreading , incurved, setaceous, acuminate, quite entire, fertile ones
little decrescent.- — Plum. Fil. t. 166. B. — L. accrosum, Sw.— Leaves 2i'"-l long.—
Hab. Jamaica !, Pd. ; Dominica !, Imr. ; [Cuba!, Wr. 935, to Brazil and Ecuador I; Natal !
to Bourbon],

21 Li. myrsinites, Lam. Pendulous, forked ; leaves ^-serial, shortly deltoid-ovate,
pointed, entire, often ciliate, erect-spreading above the oppressed, adriatc base, fertile ones

G48

FILICES.

not decrescent. — Hook. Grev. Ic. t. 109. — L. tetragonum, Hook. Grev.: the transverse
furrow on the hack of the leaf-base, by which Spring has distinguished from it L. myrsi-
nites, is not constant. — Leaves long. — Hab. Dominica; Trinidad (Spring) ; [Haiti

to Brazil !, Ecuador !, Peru].

3. PSILOTUM, Sw.

Sporangia 3-celled, loculicide : spores oo. — Leaves minute, distant, fertile ones bifid.

22. P. triquetrum, Sw. Stem dichotomous above : branches numerous, 3 -quelrous ;
sterile leaves shortly linear. — Plum. Fit. t. 170. A. Schk. Crypt, t. 165.4. fig. meet.
Lycopodium nudum, L. — Hab. Jamaica !, Pd., on trees and decayed wood ; Dominica !,
S. Vincent!, Guild.; [all tropical countries to Louisiana!, Carolina!, Australia!, and
Southern China !].

23. P. complanatum, Sic. Stem several times forked: branches distant, flat-com-
pressed, forming serratures at the origin of the marginal, subulate leaves. Schk. Crypt. J..
165. b. fig. sin. — P. flaccidum. Wall. — Hab. Jamaica (Sw.), on trees ; [Cuba!, Wr. 947 ;
Mexico !; Pacific islands ! ; East Indies !].

CLI. EQUISETACEiE.

Sporangia longitudinally dehiscent, inserted at the under side of peltate scales, the latter
racemose in a small cone: spores supported by 2 elastic fibres (the elateres). — Stem jointed;
joints sheathed by united scales, longitudinally furrowed, leafless : branches rvhorled.

EQUISETUM, L.

Single genus.

§ 1. Stem persistent : mostly the branches only rough. -“ Stomata 2-serial in the
furrows, sunk beneath the epidermis.”

1. E. giganteum, L. Stem stout, 20-30 (-^2)f arrowed, rather smooth: sheaths
appressed, white, their teeth deciduous, partially combined ; branches numerous, ascending,
simple, fertile rough, 6-7 (-8) -furrowed, their sheaths somewhat spreading, with scarious,
whitish persistent teeth. — Peso. FI. 2. t. 112. — E. Humboldtianum, Fendl. PI. Venez.
1801 : a form “not less thau 20' high” {Fendl.), hut the stem of his specimen not stouter
than in the Jamaica plant, viz. 6'" diam. ; in E. xyloclicetum, Mett. (E. Lechlen, ihlde..,
E. giganteum, Gay, FI. Chil. 6. p. 471), the stem is often 1 thick and the sheath-teeth
black and persistent.— 4-6' high or much higher ; each row of stomata usually double.
Hab Jamaica \, Pd,, March, Wils., in lagoons and swamps, at the ferry, Mo rant Bay ;
Trinidad!, Cr. ; [Haiti to Martinique; Mexico!; Venezuela!; Peru!; Minas Ceraes !
(Gardn., 15' high) ; Chile].

8 2. Stem decaying in the winter to the rhizoma. — “ Stomata scattered in the furrows,

superficial.”

2 E. palustre, L. Stem deeply 8(6-9) farrowed, slightly roughish, sterile aud fer-
tile green: sheaths appressed: teeth persistent, lanceolate-acuminate, erect, blackish ;

branches simple, usually 5 (4-6)-fnrrowed ; cone blunt.-The allied South American E.bo-
qotense, Kth. (Fendl. Venez. 2182), has 4-furrowed, nearly simple stems and loose sheaths.
—IIab. S. Vincent !, Guild., according to a single specimen, on the same sheet with Aorth
American specimens, in Herb. Hook. ; [northern temperate zone].

CLII. FILICES.

Sporangia at the under side (rarely on both sides) of a leaf in sori— Leaf circulate (ex-
cept in Ophioglosum).

FILICES.

649

Tribe I. 0P1II0GL0SSE2E, R. Br — Sporangia exannvlate, coriaceous.

1. OPHIOGLOSSUM, L.

Son 2, linear, along a narrowly contracted, pctioled leaf-segment, each of 1-serial, co-
hering, vertically half-2-valved sporangia. — Fertile leaf-segments single (or several ), in-
ferior.

1. O. reticulatum, L. Rhizoma excrescent; leaf single, cordate-deltoid, or subcor-
date, pointed, entire : no midrib ; veins in a network with appendages : fertile segment
(spike) single from the base of the blade, long-petiolulate, linear, mncronate. — Plum. Fit. t.
164. Rook. Grev. Ic. t. 20— Leaf l"-3" diam.— Hab. Jamaica !, Wils., Pd., common in
coffee-plantations, Port Royal ; Montserrat (P. Br.) ; [Cuba ! to French islands !, and all
tropical countries].

2. MARATTIA, Sw.

Sori longitudinally 2-partite, dorsal on a veinlet ; segments connivent, at length spread-
ing, 10-4-celled : cells (sporangia) dehiscent by vertical-introrse fissures. — Leaf 2-several-
times pinnate, stipulate : veinlets free, simple, or forked : petiole jointed : sori on the under
side of the leaf, single on their veinlet.

2. M. alata, Sw. Leaf 2-pinnate, glabrous: secondary segments oblong-lanceolate,
pointed, superior sharply serrate, inferior pinnatifid below, lowest pinnatipartite : rhachis
usually paleaceous, secondary ones winged ; sori oval, sessile, supported by scales. — Sm. Ic.
Ined. t. 46. Hook. Gen. t. 26. — 2'-3' high ; secondary leaf-segments 1" long, 4'" broad.
— Hab. Jamaica !, Pd., Al., Wils., in woods at the base of the Blue Mountains ; S. Vincent !,
Guild. ; [Cuba ! to Venezuela !].

M. leevis, Sm. (serratures and lobes bluntish), was probably sent from Haiti, not from
Dominica ; but according to Mr. J. Smith (Bot. Herald, p. 343) it is only a form of M.
alata, Sw.

3. DANJEA, Sm.

Sori linear, on approximate, excurrent veins, many-celled, surrounded by a plait : cells
(sporangia) 2-serial, dehiscent by a terminal pore. — Leaves pinnatisect (-simple), charta-
ceous : segments of the fertile leaf narrower than of the sterile one : veins costate, 2-par-
tite-forked, or simple : rhachis usually jointed.

3. D. nodosa, Sm. Leaf-segments linear-oblong , pointleted, quite entire (or serrulate
at the summit), distant, “15 -jugal:' rhachis naked: fertile segments lanceolate-linear,
acuminate. — Plum. Fil. t. 108. Hook. Grev. Ic. t. 51. — Asplenium, L. — 4'-5' high ;
leaf-segments 10" long, 11" broad, fertile ones 7"-4" long, 12"'-8"' broad. — Hab. S. Vin-
cent !, Guild. ; [Cuba ! to Brazil].

4. D. elliptica, Sm. Leaf-segments elliptical-lanceolate or lanceolate-oblong, point-
leted, quite entire, distant, 4t-(h -jugal : rhachis slightly margined above : fertile segments
lanceolate, acuminate. — SI. t. 41. f. 1. Hook. Grev. Ic. t. 52. — 2' high ; leaf-segments
6"— 7" long, 2"-l 1" broad, fertile ones 5"-2" long, 10" -5"' broad. — Hab. Jamaica !, Pd.,
in moist woods ; S. Vincent !, Guild. ; Trinidad !, Cr. ; [French islands ! to Venezuela !].

5. D. stenophylla, Kz. Leaf-segments linear or lanceolate-linear, pointleted-aeumi-
nate, entire below the sharply serrulate summit, approximate, 12-15 -jugal, lowest shorter :
rhachis margined: fertile segments linear, acuminate. — Runs. Far tiler, t. 28. — 2'-3' high ;
leaf-segments 4" long, 6'" broad, fertile ones 4"-l" long, 2"'-3,,, broad. — Hab. Jamaica !,
Pd., in moist woods ; [Guadeloupe !].

6. X>. alata, Sm. Leaf-segmenls linear-oblong , acute, or pointleted, sharply serrulate
towards the summit, 9-11 -jugal, lowest short, more distant than the rest: rhachis nar-
rowly winged (except at the base) •. fertile segments lanceolate-linear or oblong-liucar. —
Plum. Fil. t. 109. Hook. Grev. Ic. t. 18. — D. Moritziana, Prl. sec. Eat. in PI. Wr.—
1 ir 2' high ; leaf-segments 3"-5" long, 8",-10"/ broad, fertile ones l"-3,/ long, 4,,(— 3"'
broad. Hab. Jamaica (Sw.) ; S. Vincent (Guild.)-, [Cuba! to French islands; Vene-
zuela],

G50

FILICES.

Tribe II. OSMUND ACE JE, R. Br. — Sporangia membranaceous, provided with a terminal ,
transverse ring or apophysis, longitudinally dehiscent. — Ring in the West Iudian genera
( Schizacacece ) complete : slit unilateral.

4. ANEMIA, Sw.

Sporangia sessile, ovate, 2-serial on the back of contracted, fiattish leaf-segments. — Leaf
divided : fertile segments racemiform.

§ 1. Sterile and fertile leaves distinct. (Coptophyllum, Gardn.)

7. A. aurita, Sw. Leaf coriaceous, shining-glabrous above: segments obliquely ovate,
or obovate, cuneate at the margined base, denticulate at the rounded summit, striate above
by impressed, flabellate-dichotomous, free veins : inferior pinnately 3(4-2)-sect, gradually
passing upwards into undivided blades ; fertile petioles single, approximate to the sterile
ones.— Hook. Ic. PL t. 903 — Osmunda, '&<>.— 6"-8" high; leaf-segments 5"'-10"' long.—
Hab. Jamaica !, Wils., on calcareous rooks, rare, on the summit of Dolphin’s Peak.

The other West Indiau species with special fertile leaves, viz. A. bipinnata,Svi., A.filicu-
lifolia, Sw., and A. verticillata, Sw., though stated by Willdenow to grow in Jamaica, do
not occur in our collections, being apparently confined to Haiti, as well as A. cinutaria, Pccpp.,
to Cuba.

§ 2. Leaf 2,-sect at the base : 2 (-1) lateral segments fertile, long-petiolulate, middle stenle,
sessile or shortly petiolulate. (Euanemia, Melt.).

8. A. phyllitidis, Sw. Sterile leaf-segment pinnatisect, sessile, membranaceous,
glabrous : special segments 4-S-jugal, oblong-lanceolate, acuminate, repand, or repaud-
denticulate: veins anastomosing, forming narrow areoles. — Plum. Fit. t. 156 : lent too
large. Hook. Gen. t. 103.— Osmunda, L.— 2'-4' high; secondary leaf-segments, 2" long.
— IIab. Jamaica!, Wils. ,- [Cuba ! and Mexico ! to Brazil !].

9. A. mandiocana, Radd. Sterile leaf-segment pinnatisect, sessile, membranaceous,
glabrescent : special segments 10-4-jugal, oblong, bluntish, unequally serrulate chiefly at
the upper margin, truncate at the upwards produced base, uppermost much decrescent :
rhachis usually hairy : veins flabellate-dichotomous, free. — Plum. Fil.t. 157. Hook. Gen.
t, 90.— Osmunda hirta, L. {Anemia, Sw. ex cit.) : Plumier’s form with a pilose petiole, but
the name must be rejected. — Very variable, H'-|' high; lower leaf-segments 1 long, 4
broad. — IIab. Jamaica {Sw.) ; Trinidad!, Lockh., on roadsides, rare; [Haiti and Mexico

to Brazil!].

10. A. humilis, Sw. Sterile leaf-segment pinnatisect, sessile, membranaceous, hairy,
or glabrescent: special segments 10-5-jugal, spathulate, blunt, serrulate, cuneate at the
base uppermost subequal : rhachis pilose : petiole short : veins Jlabellate, simple and forked,
free—Schlc. Crypt, t. 141./. sin.— Osmunda, Cav.—4>"-8" high; secondary leaf-segments
P0"'-6"/ long, 4"'-2"' broad. — Hab. Jamaica !, Pd. ; [Mexico! to Peru! and Brazil!].

11. A. hirsutaj Sw. Sterile leaf -segment pinnatisect, sessile, eliartaceous, hairy : se-
condary segments pinnatipartite, or pinnatifid, striate above by prominent, flabellate, forked
or simple, free veins .-.tertiary lobes oblong, or linear, bluntish, few serrate, or entire : com-
mon rhachis pilose. — Plum. Fil. t. 162.— Osmunda, L. A. dissecta, Prl. {Rel.Hwnk. t. 11.
f. 4- SI. t. 25. f. 6): the form with pinnatipartite secondary segments. — 15-2 high;
primary leaf-segments 15"'-6'" long, uppermost decrescent.— Hab. Jamaica!, all coU., com-
mon, Port Royal, S. Andrews, at 4000' alt.; [Cuba! and Mexico to Brazil, and lucu-
man !].

12. A. adiantifolia, Sw. Sterile leaf -segment deltoid, 2-pinna(isecl, shortly petiolu-
late chartaccou3, glabrous above, glabrescent beneath : tertiary segments upwards decrescent
pinnati partite-few-serrate or lowest pinnatisect, ultimate cuneate-eUiptical, bluntish, denticu-
late above, striate by prominent, fiabellate-dichotomous,/ra? veins : axis usually hairy.— i turn,
fii f 3 58 Hoolc. Grev. Ic. 1. 16.— Osmunda, L. A. aspleuifolia, Sw. 1 -U high;
stcriie leaf-segment 8"-6" broad, exceeding in length or equalling the fertile segments —
IIab. Bahamas I, Swains. ; Jamaica!, Pd., Ilartw., Wiles, on rocks; Dominica; [Cabal
and Mexico I to Brazil !J.

FILICES.

651

5. SCHlZfEA, Sm.

Sporangia sessile, ovate, 2-4-serial on tire concave back of revolute contracted leaf- seg-
meuts: the latter forming terminal appendages of the nerves of the sterile leaf.— Leaf 1-pal-
matinerved, rigid: fertile segments short, usually pilose beneath.

13. S. elegans, Sw. Leaf long-petioled, diShtotomouslg palmatisect : segments cuneate ,
unequally palmatifid : lobes oblong, inciso-dentate at the summit : nerves (label late-dicho-
tomous: fertile appendages pinnatipartite : segments recurved, 6-10-jugal ; sporangia 2-
serial. — Vahl, Sgmb. 2. t. 50.— Acrostichum, V. — 1'-2' high; leaf-segments 3 -5 long,
lobes 8'"-2"' broad, fertile appendages 4"'-6'" long— Hab. Jamaica!, Pd., very rare, in
dry woods, Westmoreland, Bluefield Mountains at 2000r alt. ; Trinidad!, Pd., Ci . ; L^exico
to Brazil],

14. S. pennula, Sw. Leaf simple, filiform,, unicostate-3-gonal, shortly tapering at the
summit : fertile appendage subpalmatisect (contracted pinnatisect) : segments 6-2-jngal,
incurved, pilose beneath; sporangia 4(— 2)-serial. — Schh. Crgpt. t. 136. f. dext. Hook.
Gen. t. 111. A. Hook. Grew. Ic. t. 54.— S. trilateralis, Schk. S. subtrijuga, Mart. ( Kze .
Farnkr. t. 98. f. 1) : our Trinidad form, not to be distinguished but by lower growth and
shorter appendages. — lj/7— j” high; appendages 8,,,-12,,, long. Hab. Trinidad!, Cr. ;
[Guiana!, Brazil!].

6. LYGODIUM, Sw.

Sporangia shortly pedicellate at the summit (hemianatropous), oval, 2-serial on the back
of appendages of the leaf-margin, each supported by an epiphylious scale. Stem twining ;
leaves divided, or compound ; fertile appendages oblong -linear, blunt, crenate.

15. Xi. volubile, Sw. Stem cylindrical; leaves pinnate: leaflets 3-5-jugal, oblong-
lanceolate, undivided, jointed at the base : veins forked : fertile appendages short, termina-
ting numerous, small serratures. — SI. t. 46. f. 1. Schk. Crypt, t. 138. L. scandens, Schk.
— Leaflets (the appendages excluded) 3"— 5" long, 5'"- 6'" broad, truucate or rounded at the
base, appendages 1'"— 2"' long. — Hab. Jamaica !, Wils. ; Trinidad !, Lockh., Pd. ; [Cuba !,
to Brazil !].

16. L . venustum, Sw. Stem cylindrical, jointed; leaves 2—3 -pinnate: leaflets 2-6-
jugal, hastate-3-partite at the base, pinnatifid-serrate above it : petiole pilose : fertile appen-
dages as long as the transverse diameter of the blade, terminating chiefly the lower lobes.—
Schk. Crypt, t. 139 .fig. sup. — L. polymorphura, KtJi. — Leaflets (the appendages excluded)
l"-2" long, 6"'-4'" broad at the base ; appendages 3"' long.— Hab. Trididad !, Sch. ; [Mexico !
to Brazil !].

Tribe III. GLEICHENIEAE, R. Br. — Sporangia with a transverse, or oblique, complete
ring about the middle, longitudinally dehiscent, superficial or sunk into the leaf.

7. MERTEN SI A, W.

1 Sori round, naked, superficial, serial, dorsally inserted into special veinlets : sporangia sub-
sessile, usually few in each sorus : ring transverse (or oblique). — Leaf rigid, forked, or di-
chotomously divided: segments pinnatipartite, or pinnatisect.

* Veins bifid.

17. M. Bancroftii, Kz. Petiole simply forked: primary segments 2-pinnatisect,
tertiary ones numerous, horizontal, linear, bluntish, entire, revolute at the margin, adnate-
decurrent at the base, hence somewhat distaut, glabrous, glaucous beneath, uppermost de-
crescent ; sori of 3-4 sporangia at the simple forking of the veins. — Plum. HI. t. 25. Hook.
Spec. 1. t. 4. A. — Gleichenia, Hook. M. glauca jamaicensis, Sw. — 3-4' high; secondary
leaf-segments 10"-6", tertiary 9"'-6'" long. — Hab. Jamaica!, Bancr., Pd., At., rare, near
the summit of the Blue Mountains ; [French islands ! ; Mexico ! to Brazil !].

18. XVI. furcata, W. Petiole 2-3-chotomous : leafy portions repeatedly dichotomous,
pinnatipartite, oblong-linear, shortly tapering at the summit, ultimate and penultimate fork-
ings of nearly equal length : segments linear, blunt, equally dilated at the base, glabrous or
whitish-villous' beneath ; sori of 3-5 sporangia near the simple forking of the veins. — Plum.

2 »

652

FILICES.

Fit. t. 28. — Acrostichum, L. Polypodium, Sw. Gleichenia, Sprang. M. bifida, IF. (Art.
Holm. 1804. t. 5. B., agreeing with G. dichotoma, PI. Lechl. 2040) : a form with the leafy
portions hut once forked (or simple), but distinguished from the two following species by the
inferior fork as long as the superior, both equally pinuatipartite. — 7-8' high (SI.) ; ultimate
leafy portions 3"-5", segments 6"'-10'" long, the latter 1"' broad beyond the base.— Hab.
Jamaica (Sw), forming thickets in the mountains ; [French islands, and Mexico to Peru !
and South Brazil].

19. M. farinosa, Kaulf. Petiole 2-3-chotomous : leafy portions but once forked,
pinuatipartite, oblong-linear , tapering at both ends : ultimate forking much longer than the
short penultimate one, the latter naked below on one side : segments linear, blunt, equally
dilated at the base, puberulous beneath or glabrous ; sori of 3-5 sporangia near the simple
forking of the veins. — Kze. Analect. t. 3. Hook. Spec. 1. t. 7- B. — Gleichenia Mathewsii,
Hook. M. pubesceus, W., sec. Kl., Eat. in PI. Wr. !— 1V-2' high ; ultimate leafy portions
5"-12", segments 6"'-8'" long, the latter 1"' broad beyond the base. — Hab. Jamaica!, Pd.,
At., on the summit of the Blue Mountains ; Dominica !, Imr. ; Trinidad !, Cr. ; [Cuba ! and
Mexico to Peru],

20. Vfl. longipinnata, Kl. Petiole 2-3-chotomous : leafy portions but once forked,
pinnatipartite, linear-oblong, gradually tapering towards both ends: ultimate j or king long,
much longer than the short penultimate one, the latter naked below on one side : segments
linear, bluntish, equally dilated at the base, rusty-tomentose beneath ; sori of 4-2 sporangia
near the simple forking of the veins. — Hook. Grev. Ic. t. 15.' — M. furcata, Sieb. Mart. 234.
M. pubescens, Liehn. Gleichenia immersa, Hook. Grev. (exclus. synon.). G. longipinnata.
Hook, (ex descr.). — 4'-5' high; ultimate leafy portions V- 2ir, most segments H'-l
long. — Hab. Dominica !, S. Vincent !, Guild* ; [French islands ! and Mexico! to Brazil!].

** Veins 2-A-fid (Dicranopteris, Bernh .).

21. M. pectinata, W. Petiole 2-3-chotomous and ultimately branched : leafy portions
simple, geminate, pinnatipartite : each pair at the summit of a slightly margined , partial
petiole : segments oblong-linear, emarginate, glabrous, often glaucous (rarely hairy) beueath ;
sori of 8-10 sporangia on one branchlet of 3-4-fld veins. — Willd. in Act. Holm. 1804.
t. 4. Hook. Grev. Ic. t. 14.— Gleichenia, Prl. M. glaucescens, IF.— Trailing, often 20-
30' long (Pd) ; leafy portions 6"-8", segments 4"'-12'" long, the latter H'"-2 broad.—
Hab. Jamaica!, Pd., Al., S. Anns, Blue Mountains; Dominica, S. Vincent!, Guild.;
[French islands !, and Mexico to Brazil !].

22. M. dichotoma, W. Petiole repeatedly 2(-3)-chotomous : leafy portions simple,
geminate, pinnatipartite : one pair at the summit of each cylindrical, partial petiole, other
portions opposite at the superior bifurcations : segments linear, emarginate or blunt gla-
brous ; sori of 6-10 sporangia on one branchlet of 3-4-fid veins.— Schk. Crypt, t. 148.—
Gleichenia, Hook. G. Hermanni, B. Br. — 1'— 3' high ; leafy portions usually 4 -S , seg-
ments 10"'— 4"' long, the latter 1'" broad.— FIab. Trinidad !, Lockh. ; [Cuba ! to French
islands !, and most tropical countries of the globe].

Tribe IY. H YM ENOPHYLL EJE, Eudl. — Sporangia with a complete, transverse (rarely
oblique ) ring about the middle , longitudinally dehiscent, inserted into an indusiate
column.

8. TRICHOMANES, L.

Sori marginal : iudusium inferior, tubular, usually sunk into the leaf or margined : limb
subentire or 2-lipped : column usually filiform, exserted, fertile at the base, inserted at the
forking of a veinlet, the branches of which run into the indusium.— Leaf mostly pellucid-
membranaceous, devoid of stomata : veins mostly free, sometimes connected by streaks oj
special, prosenchymatic tissue.

8 1. Indusiafree along the whole margin of a narrowly, linear, special leaf. Sterile leaves
deeply pinnatifid : veius dichotomous (Feea, Bory).

23 T. spicatum, Hedw, Leaves ciespitosc, sterile deeply pinnatifid, shortly pctiolcd,
fertile ones exserted, narrowly linear, shorter tliau their slender petiole : sterile segments

FILICES.

653

oblong-linear, bluntish, crcnulate-repand, glabrous ; indusium campanulatc, substipitate, trun-
cate.—Sterile leaves 4" long, 1" broad, fertile blade 2"-3" long, i7" broad.— Hab. Jamaica !,
Pd., Wils., along mountain-rivulets, S. Andrews, Bath, at 1800 -3500' alt. ; S. Vincent!,
Guild.; Trinidad!, Lockh., Pd., in rocky ravines, at the foot of Mount Tocuche ; [Guade-
loupe! ; Panama, Guiana!, Ecuador!].

§ 2. Indusia sunk into a linear, special leaf, inserted along its ivhole margin into simple,

short veins, laterally cohering at the summit. — Sterile leaves deeply pinnatilid : veins in.

a network ( Hymenostachys , Bory).

24. T. elegans, lludg. Leaves emspitose, sterile deeply pinnatifid, shortly petioled,
fertile ones linear, denticulate by the marginal teeth of the indusia, supported by a slender

petiole: sterile segments oblong-linear, blunt, crenidate, glabrescent; indusia sunk, cyathi-
form, laterally dentate : teeth bluntish, common to each pair. — Hook. Gen. t. 108. — Ste-
rile leaves 3"-6" long, 1” broad, fertile 6"— 10'' high, 2"'-3'" broad. — Hab. Trinidad \,Pd.,
Cr., in marly ravines near Mount Tamana, Irais ; [Panama !, Venezuela !, Guiana 1 to Peru !
and Brazil !] .

§ 3. Indusia at the summit or along both margins of the leaf -divisions ; veins forked or
dichotomous. — Primary leaf-divisions undivided.

* Indusia or their summit exseried: limb very short or none. — Special leaves fertile.

(Neuromanes, Trevis.)

25. T. pennatum, Kaulf. Leaves csespitose, pinnatipartite, very narrowly decur-
rcut, glabrous or hairy at the rhachis, fertile along both margins : segments linear-oblong,
bluntish, denticulate, cohering by the narrowly margined rhachis, superior adnate, broadly
decurrent, fertile bluntly acuminate, uppermost much longer than the rest : veins approxi-
mate, forked or 2-partite, intermingled with a few simple ones, all connected by numerous
transverse streaks ; indusium exserted, stipitate or subsessile : limb very short or none, en-
tire or laterally 2-lobed. — Hook. Grev. Ic. t. 9. — T. floribundum, Hook. Neuromanes
Kaulfussii, V. cl. Bosch. — 1'-3' high ; segments of the sterile leaf 11" -2" long, 8" broad,
fertile 3"-6" long, 6"'-12'" broad ; column usually longer than in the following. — Hab.
Trinidad!, Pd., [French islands !, and Mexico!, to Brazil!].

26. T. pinnatum, Hedw. Leaves emspitose, pinnatipartite , very narrowly decurrent,
glabrous, fertile along both margins : segments linear-oblong, tapering-bluutish, denticulate,
most cohering by the narrowly margined rhachis, superior aduate, usually decrescent, broadly
decurrent: veins approximate, forked or 2-partite, intermingled with a few simple ones, all
connected by transverse streaks ; indusium sessile, margined at the base or sunk : limb
very short, spreading, entire. — Hedw. Fil. t. 4. f. 1. — T. floribundum, Humb. sec. Kze.
Neuromanes Fledwigii, V. d. Bosch. N. immersum, V. d. Bosch .- the form with sunk
indusia. — 1-2' high; inferior half-segments l"-2i" long, 4"'-6'" broad, sterile shorter than
those of the fertile leaf, less tapering: petiole slender.— Hab. Jamaica {Hedw.) ; Trinidad
{V. d. Bosch) ; [Haiti to French islands ; Panama! to Brazil!].

** Indusia sunk : limb spreading.

27- T. fastigiatum, Sieb. Leaves approximate (“ rarely scattered ”), pinnatipartite,
pinnatisect at the base, not decurrent, hairy : segments horizontal or nearly so, cordate-ob-
long, blunt, repand, most approximate with a rounded or truncate sinus, lower sessile, often
distant : veins forked, lowest dichotomous, uppermost 3— 5(— 1) fertile, simple : no streaks ;
indusium sunk : limb spreading, laterally 2-lobed or repand. — Hedw. Fil. t. 4,/. 2. Hook.
Grev. Ic. t. 12: the form with scattered leaves. — T. crispum, Hedw. {non L.). T. pilosum,
Radd. ex Kze. in PI. Kappl. 599. T. plumula, Pr. / T. accedens, Pr. T. cristatnm,
Pr. ex specim. Kegel {non Kaulf). — Leaves 6"-18" high, broad, often incurved.

— -Hab. Jamaica {V. d. Bosch.)', S. Vincent!, Guild.; [French islands; Venezuela!,
Guiana !, Brazil !].

28. T. pellucens, Kz. Leaves approximate, pinnatipartite to the base, not decurrent,
glabrescent: segments horizontal, oblong, downward auric/ed, blunt, repand, most approxi-
mate, lowest subdisant : sinus betivecn the superior ones rounded, between the lower trnn-

2 u 2

654

FILICES.

cate: veins lined by larger-areolate tissue, forked or lowest dichotomous, uppermost
7-10 (-5) fertile, most of the latter simple: no streaks; indusium sunk: limb laterally 2-
armed. — Kze. Farn/cr. t. 68. — Leaf 10"— 1 2" high, 2" broad : rhachis 1"' broad at the base ;
column 3-4 times as long as the indusium.— Hab. Trinidad !, Cr., heights of Las Cuevas ;
[Mexico and Guiana to Peru].

29. T. crispum, L. Leaves approximate, pinnatipartite to the base, not decurrent,
hairy or glabrescent ; segments approximate, horizontal, oblong, cordate at the adnate base,
blunt, undulate-repand : sinus truncate : veins forked, lowest usually dichotomous, uppermost
7-5 fertile, simple : no streaks ; indusium sunk : limb spreading, repand. — Plum. Fil. i. 86. —
Leaf 8"-15" high, 2" broad, often incurved : rhachis broad at the very narrowly mar-
gined base ; column very long-exserted in the West Indian specimens, but I regard my con-
tinental form with the column twice only or thrice as long as the indusium as 0. brevistylurn
(syn. T. cristatum, Kze. in Kappl. PI. Suriu. 600, nou Kaulf.; T. crispum, J. Sm. in Seem.
PI. Panam.) : T. Martiusii, Pr. ! in PI. Kegel. 1054, is intermediate between both. —
Hab. Jamaica!, Pd., on decayed trees ; Montserrat! [Cuba to French islands I, 0, Mexico !
to Brazil!].

30. T. Kaulfussii, Hook. Grev. Leaves approximate, pinnatipartite, narrowly de-
current into the petiole, hairy : segments approximate, horizontal, oblong, bluntish,
serrate : veins dichotomously divided or forked : no streaks ; indusium sunk, margined at
its spreading, truncate limb. — Hook. Grev. Ic. t. 10. — Leaf 8"-2" high, 1|” broad : serra-
tures usually denticulate again, spreading: rhachis 2'" broad. — Hab. Jamaica 1 ; S. Kitts,
Dominica!, Imr., S. Vincent!, Guild. ; Trinidad; [Portorico to French islands; Guiana!,
equat. Brazil !].

§ 4. Indusia at the uppermost veinlets or at the veinlets of both margins of the leaf-
divisions : limb repand- entire or laterally 2-horned ; veinlets or its branches in, the
ultimate leaf-divisions simple. — Leaves conform.

31. T. lucens, Sw. Leaves eiepitose, pinnatisect, pilose, rusty-villous at the petiole
and rhachis : segments spreading, approximate, pinnatifid, crispate, adnate at the base, fer-
tile along the margin of most lobes, most subequal : lobes ovate, blunt, inferior crenate ;
veinlets piunatelv divided : no streaks ; indusium, sunk : limb laterally 2-horned or sub-

entire. Iledw. Fil. t. 5.— Leaf 6"-2' high, 1" broad.— Hab. Jamaica !, Bancr., Wils., on

shady soil.

32. T. crinitum, Sw. Leaves crespitose, pinnatipartite, pinnatisect at the base, hairy :
seqments pinnatifid, spreading, most subequal : lobes linear, blunt, uppermost fertile :
veinlets simple or forked : no streaks : indusium icholly sunk : limb spreading, subentire,
ciliate —Hedw. Fil. 1. 1.— Leaf 3"-5" long, 6"'-12'" broad; column long-exserted thickish
at the summit: but the division of its apex (figured by Hedwig), upon which Presl ha-
zarded a generic separation, does not exist in our specimens.— Hab. Jamaica !, March, on
trees in the mountains ; S. Vincent !, Guild.

33. T. alatum, Sw. I Leaves ctespitose, pinnatipartite, narrowly loug-decurrent into
the slender petiole, tapering toward the summit, hairy : segments pinnatifid (or serrate),
usually acuminate, spreading , fertile at the inferior lobes: superior veinlets simple, inferior
^innately divided : no streaks; indusium icholly swiJc, or inargiued at its spreading tiun-
cate, or laterally 2-horned limb.— Variable, but the specimens in Swartz s herbarium (one
labelled in his own handwriting) belong to a, not seen in other collections

a. Rhachis 1"' broad: rib narrower than the wings; column 3-4 times as long as
the truncate indusium. — Plum. Fil. t. 50. L>. Hook. Gen. t. 3 . ig , ~

hrT'attenuatum, Hook. ! Rhachis 1'” broad : rib narrower than the mugs ; column Gvice
as long as the laterally 2-horned indusium.— Hook. Spec. t. 39. C— 3 8 high, 1 2$

ht0y^ vtilodes V. d. Bosch ! Rhachis V" broad: rib as broad as the narrow wings ; co-
lumn 3-5 times as long as the truncate, or slightly 2-horned indusium.- Hook. Grev lc.
I ll._T. alatum, Hook. Grev,-8"-12" high, 3»-4" broad; inferior leaf-segments often

2-pinuatifid at the base.

FILICES.

655

IIab. Jamaica !, Sic., in high mountains (a) ; Dominica !, Imr. (£), S. Vincent !, Guild.
(/8, y) ; Trinidad ; [Cuba !, to French islands !, in moist mountain woods ; Venezuela].

34. T. Bancroftii, Hook. Grev. Leaves cocspitose, deeply pinnatifid, or 2(-3 )-pin-
natifid, long-decurrent into the short petiole, nearly glabrous: lobes spreading, ultimate
short, oblong, blunt, fertile at the summit: veinlets distaut, single in the ultimate lobes,
lower usually forked : no streaks ; indusium and its subentire limb wholly sunk. Hook.
Grev. Ic. t. 204. — Leaf 6"-2" loug, 2"~i" broad, abruptly contracted at the lowest lobes :
lobes 8"'-3'" broad : rhachis 2"'-l"/ broad. — Hab. Jamaica !, Pd.^ Wils., common in
woods, Portland ; S. Vincent !, Guild. ; [Cuba ! to French islands ! ; Guiana !].

35. T. sinuosum, Rich. Leaves scattered or approximate, pinnatifid, long-decurrent
into the short petiole, distantly ciliate with long, stellate hairs : lobes spreading, obliquely
ovate-oblong, or oblong, blunt, repand, or obtusely few-serrate, fertile at the summit :
veinlets few, simple : no streaks ; indusium and its repand limb wholly sunk. — Hook. Grev.
Ic. 1. 13. Kze. Farnkr. t. 77./. 1— T. holopterum, Kze. {ib.fi 1) : the form with approxi-
mate leaves. — Variable, 2"-12" high; leaves mostly single along the creeping rhizoma,
pellucid : sinus open or narrow, lobes 2'"-l,// broad.— Hab. Jamaica !, Pd., on tree-ferns ;
S. Vincent !, Guild. ; Trinidad ! ; [Cuba 1 and Mexico ! to Brazil ! and Peru !].

§ 5. Indusia confined to the loioest part of the upper margin of the leaf-segments ( rarely
appealing on both margins) : otherwise like § 4.

* Leaf pinnatiparlite, subsessile ; (indusia sometimes on both margins).

36. T. Ankersii, Parker. Leaves scattered, pinnatipartite, subsessile, glabrous : seg-
ments approximate, horizontal, oblong, blunt, obtusely serrate, fertile usually at the lowest
serratures of the upper margin, rarely ou both margins ; veinlets pinnate, mostly simple :
short streaks between them; indusium wholly exserted: limb spreading, truncate. — Hook.
Grev. Ic. t. 201. — Leaf turning blackish in drying, 3"-8" long, l"-2" broad. — Hab. S. Vincent
(./. Sm.) ; Trinidad {V. d. Bosch) ; [Panama, Guiana !].

37- T. brachypus, Kze. Leaves scattered, pinnatipartite, subsessile, glabrous : seg-
ments pinnatifid, nearly horizontal ; lobes spreading, linear, blunt, or 2-3-fid, inferior of
both margins or lowest only of the upper margin fertile : most veinlets simple : no streaks ;
indusium wholly exserted, stipitate, or margined at the base : limb short, subentire. —
Hook. Grev. Ic. t. 218. — Leaf 2"-S" long, l"-3" broad. — Hab. S. Vincent !, Guild. ; Tri-
nidad !, Pd. ; [Darien !, Guiana !, Brazil 1, Peru].

** Leaf 2-Z-pinnatipartite, petioled : petiole above and rhachis margined.

38. T. pyxidiferum, L. Leaves scattered, 2-Z-pinnatipartite, narrowly decurrent into
the short petiole, glabrous : ultimate segments lineal-, emargiuate, or blunt, each with a
simple veinlet and 2 long parallel streaks between it and the entire margin ; indusium free,
margined at the base, sessile on the upper margin of the primary segments near their base,
half as long as the column : limb spreading, subentire. — Plum. Fit. t. 50. E. — Leaf 5"-l"
high, 12"'-6"' broad. — LIab. Jamaica {Sw.), in mountain-woods; [Cubal to Brazil! and
Peru !].

39. T. brasiliense, Besv. Leaves scattered, 2-pinnatipartite, very narrowly decur-

rent into the petiole, glabrous : secondary segments few-lobed or pinnatifid, or entire, ulti-
mate oblong-linear, emargiuate, or blunt, eachivilh a simple veinlet, but no streaks ; indusium
margined to the spreading, subentire limb, usually much shorter than the column, sessile on
the lowest inner lobe or on the upper margin of the primary segments near their base. —
Hedw. Fil. t. 3 . 2. Hook. Grev. Ic. t. 206. Pr. Epimel. t. 5. B. — T. pyxidiferum,

Hook. Grev. T. einarginatum, Pr. T. leptophyllum, V. d. Bosch. — Habit of the prece-
ding, but petiole naked below, wing at its summit much narrower (while the rhachis of
the primary segments is nearly as broad), and easily distinguished hy the wanting streaks,
peculiar to T. pyxidiferum. Leaf l"-4" high, 6'"-12'" broad : petiole 6"'-l 2"' long. —
Hab. Jamaica !, Wils. ; S. Vincent !, Guild. ; [Cuba I to French islands !, and Mexico !, to
Brazil !].

40. T. radicans, Sw. Leaves scattered, 3-i-piuna bipartite, longer than the petiole,
narrowly decurrent, glabrous : ultimate segments oblong-linear emargiuate, or blunt, with a

656

FILICES.

simple, or, if emarginate, forked veinlet, the lower inferior secondary ones fertile betioecn
the 2 lowest segments of the inner margin; indusium margined, much shorter than the
column : limb short, repand, or slightly 2-horncd. — Eedw. Fit. t. 6. — T. scandens, Hedw.
{non Hook.). T. ambiguum, Sieb. T. brevisetum, It. Br. (T. europaum, Sm.) : a short-
lobed form with the column less developed, from which, following V. d. Bosch, I exclude T.
speciosum, W. (Canary Islands !), for its longer, not margined petiole. — Leaf G"-l [' high,
2"_6" broad: petiole l"-3"(-6") long. — IIab. Jamaica!, Wi/s., Pd., on trees; [Cuba!
to French islands ! ; Mexico ! to Brazil ! ; Pacific islands !, East Indies ! ; T. brevisetum :
Azoric islands !, Madeira, and Ireland].

41. T. rigidum, Sw. Leaves ceespitose, 3 -pinnatipartite, decurrent by a very narrow
line, glabrescent (or hairy at the rhachis) : tertiary segments linear, acuminate. , with a
simple veinlet, the lowest of the upper side fertile near the base of the inner margin : no
streaks ; indusium exserted, substipitate : limb short, crenulate-repand. — Hedw. Fil. t. 2.
— Leaf 6"-l*' high, 2"-3" broad. — Hab. Jamaica !, Pd., on tree-roots ; Dominica !, Imr.,
Barbadoes !, Parker : [all tropical countries].

42. T. Prieurei, Kze. Leaves csespitose, 3 -pinnatiparlite, decurrent by a very narrow
line, glabrescent : tertiary segments inferior pinnatifid— 2-fid, superior and quarternary ones
linear, bluntish, suberect, with a simple veinlet, the lowest of the upper side fertile near
the base of the inner margin : no streaks ; indusium exserted, substipitate : limb short,
subentire. — Hook. Spec. t. 40. C. — T. auceps, Hook. — Leaf l^'-2,(-6") high, 5"-8"(-3")
broad— Hab. Dominica !, Imr. ; Trinidad !, Pd., in woods ; [French islands ! to Peru ! and
Brazil !].

*** Leaf 2-pinnatisect : petiole and rhachis not margined.

43. T. scandens, L., Sw., Hook, {non Kze.). Leaves scattered, 2-pinnatisect, hairy :
segments spreading, distant, secondary ones pinnatipartite, acuminate, tertiary pinnatifid ,
or few-serrate, bluntish : lower lobes of the upper side fertile on the inner margin : vein-
lets often forked: no streaks; indusium sunk: limb short, truncate. — St. t. 58.. Pr.
Fpimel. t. 6. Kze. Farnkr. t. 130.— T. Sloanti, Kze. T. macroclados, Kze. T. Lindeni,
Pr. Linnaeus’s authority for T. scandens {exclus. syn. Plum.) is clear from his words :
“ urceoli supra axillas.” — Rkizoma “ scandent leaf 8"-2' high, 3"-6" broad. — Hab. Ja-
maica {SI., Pr.), in the Blue Mountains ; [Cuba!, Haiti].

44. T. trichoideum, Sw. Leaves delicate, scattered, or approximate, 2 -pinnalisect,
glabrous : segments divaricate-spreading , secondary ones pinnatipartite, tertiary distant,
narrowly cuneate-linear, emarginate, or bifid, fertile on special pedicels above the base of
the inner margin • veinlets simple in the ultimate lobes : no streaks ; indusium free : limb
short, truncate. — Hedw. Fil. t. 3./. 1. Sc Me. Crypt. 1. 134. Hook Grev Ic. 1. 199 Pr.
Fpimel. t. 8. A . — T. capillaceum, L. {Plum. Fil. t. 99. 1). : Davallia, IF.) : excluded by
Swartz, who however took the badly-figured segments for terminal son. T. tenellum, Hedw.
T cuneiforme, Sch/c. T. angustissimum, Pr.— Leaf 2"-10" high, cut into ^'-shaped seg-
ments.—Hab. Jamaica !, IVils., Pd., on fern-stems, in moist woods, at 5000' alt. ; [Mexico !
to Brazil !].

§6. Indusium-limb spreading, dorsally 2-lipped. — Low ferns; leaves conform, scattered
along the creeping rhizome, pinnatifid-entire {Bidymoglossa, Desv.).

45. T. Kraussii, Hook. Grev. Leaf deeply pinnatifid, or 2-pinnatifid, shortly pc-
tioled or subsessile, bearing cilia chiefly in the sinus of the lobes: lobes spreading, oblong-
linear, blunt, sinuate-repand : veins pinnhtely divided with alternate branches ■ veinlets
distant : streaks few, short ; indusium sunk into the lobes : limb 2-lipped to the base : co-
lumn twice as long as the indusium.— H ook. Grev. Ic. 1. 149.— r. reptens, Kze. {ex parte).
T pinnatifidum, V.d. Bosch!: the 2-piunatifid form.— Leaf 1-2* long, almost pmuati-
partite — Had. Jamaica!, Pd., Wits., on trees; Dominica, S. Vincent; irimdad!, Cr.
{T. pinnatifidum, V.d. Bosch) ; [Cuba ! to French islands ! ; Guiana ! to Peru !] .

46 T Tjusilluixi, Sw. Leaf irregularly pinnatilobed, or MtoPre, cuiicate-oblong, or
heteromorphous, pctiolcd (or subsessile), ciliate with stellate hairs, densely striated between
the distant alternate, simple veins, the latter connected by ajuxtamarginal streak; indusium
mat gi ned, wmvk bclow lhc summit: limb free, 2-lipped to the base : column exserted.-

FILICES.

657

Hedw Fil t. 3./. 5. Fr. Hymenoph. t. 9.— Hemiphlebium, Pr — Leaf 4 -8 long, ta-
pering into the short petiole.— Hab Jamaica!, Vila. ; Trinidad \ Pd., Lockh., on trees,
near the summit of Mount Tocuche ; [New Granada !, Peru !, Brazil ! ; often growin0 inter-
mingled with T. muscoides'].

47. T. muscoides, Hook. Grev., Sw. FI. {non ej. Synops). Leaf cuneate-oblong or
obovate, bluntly sinuate, petioled (or subsessile), glabrous, striated between the distant, A-
ternat forked veins, the later connected by a juxtamargmal streak; indusium included,
limb very shortly flipped, very shortly exserted : column shortly exserted. bl.t.ll.f. .
only the inferior larger leaves. Hook. Grev. Ic. t. 179. Fr. Hymenoph t. 6. B.— I.
Ho'okeri, Fr. Microgonium Berteroanum, Pr. — Leaf 12"'-4'" long, 6 -3 broad, rare jr
larger: petiole shorter than the blade.— Hab. Jamaica!, Al., Wils., on trees; Dominica.,
Imr., S. Vincent; Trinidad!, Or. ; [Cuba!; Venezuela!, Guiana!, Brazil ., Peru .J.

48. T. apodum, Hook. Grev. Leaf cordate-roundish, pinnatilobed and crenate-
sinuate, sessile, or subsessile, glabrous with a few marginal hairs, remotely and, shortly
striated along the margin between the distant, simple, pinnate veins : midrib 6-partite ;
indusium exserted, margined below towards the base: limb deeply 2-hpped: column iong-
exserted. — Hook. Grev. Ic. t. 117— T. hymenoides, Hedw. (Fil. t.S.f. 3)?: too badly
figured and described to merit restoration. T. muscoides, IV., Kze., Sw. Synops. {non Jit. Ina.
Occ.) : Swartz not having distinguished the allied species, his name comprises 1. mus-
coides, apodum, and sphenoides. 1° The description of PI. Ind. Occ. ( urceoli mclusi,
p. 1726, repeated in contradistinction of T. reptans, var., p. 1728) can only be referred to
T. muscoides, Hook. 2° The diagnosis of Synops. Fil. (“ urceoli exserti,” p. 141) belongs
partly (as far as it agrees with Hedwig’s synonymy), to T. apodum, verified by Knnze m
Willd. Herb. 3° The quotation of Sloane (t. 27. f. 1), insisted upon by a special observa-
tion (FI. p. 1726) is remarkable as proving a confusion of T. muscoides and T. sphenoides,
which both (growing intermingled) are well to be recognized in that figure, though the pin-
nate veins of the larger leaves {T. muscoides) by the artist are wrongly transferred to the
rest {T. sphenoides). "Thus it appears much more advisable to preserve the names employed
for the excellent figures of Hook, and Grev., than, as Presl and Kunze have proposed, to
restore Swartz’s authority from his specimens, which in the case of T. muscoides prove
to be in contradiction with his own primary description. — Leaf 3",-6,,, diam. : all lobes
and crenatures rounded. — Hab. Jamaica {Sw.) ; Barbadoes!, Parker; [Cuba 1 ; Mexico to
Venezuela].

49. T. reptans, Sw. {exclus. var.) . Leaf cuneate-obovate, pinnatilobed (or spathulate,

subentire), shortly petioled, ciliate with stellate hairs : lobes blunt, entire : midrib excurrent .
veins and veinlets pinnate, both arched towards the margin, the latter approximate , often
forked above ; indusium margined beyond the lobe : limb 2-lipped to the base. Hedw. Fil.
t. 3./. 4. — Kunze (Bot. Zeit. 5. p. 279) is so far correct in his observations, that this spe-
cies is distinguished from his T. sphenoides by pinnate nervation (indeed together with the
tapering, but excurrent, stroug midrib the only clear difference of both speces, which how-
ever, as veins and veinlets run in a flabellate manner towards the margin, possibly may
prove fallacious) : but at the same time he has confounded T. reptans with two other species,
viz. T. quercifolium, Hook., and T. Kraussii, Hook. Grev. (T. reptans, Kze. ! in PI. Kegel.),
which both are deprived of the numerous, densely approximate veinlets, so characteristic for
'I. replans and T. sphenoides. — Leaf 12"'— 4"' long, broad, cuneate or tapering at the

base. — Hab. Jamaica !, Wils. ; [Cuba (Pcepp.) ; Venezuela (AT/.)].

50. T. sphenoides, Kze. Leaf roundish, or obovate, cuneate or contracted at the base,

sinuate-lobcd or repand, ciliate with stellate hairs : veins Jlabellate-dichotomous, approxi-
mate, midrib distinct below the middle : petiole shorter than or as long as the blade ; in-
dusium margined beyond the blade : limb 2-lipped to the base. — Hook. Grev. Ic. t. 32.
Kze. Farnkr. t. 88./. 2. — T. reptans, Hook. Grev. T. reptans, var., Sw.Fl. {p. 1728). —
Leaf 3,,,-6,"(-8m) long, 3,,,-5m broad: petiole long. — Hab. Jamaica!, Pd., Wils.,

on trees; S. Vincent!, Guild., Barbadoes; [Cuba! to French islands! ; Venezuela! to Bra-
zil ! and Peru].

51. T. punctatum, Poir. Leaf roundish, rounded or subcordate at the base, sinuate-
oreuate, or repand, glabrous, or with a few stellate hairs at the margin, remotely striated be-
tween the flabcllate-forked, distant veins : midrib short, or none : petiole very short, or

658

FILICES.

none; indusium margined beyond the blade: limb shortly 2-lipped. — Hook. Grev. Ic. t.
236. — Leaf 2"'-6"' diam. ; petiole less than 1"' long. — Hab. Jamaica !, Pel. ; Trinidad !,
Lockh., Cr., on trees, growing often intermingled with T. muscoides ; [Cuba to French
islands ! ; Guiana !, Peru !].

52. T. membranaceum, L. Leaf cuneate-roundish, or obovate, extrorsely lacerate-
denticulate or lobed, glabrous, bearing marginal 2-lobed-peltate scales, striated between
the ftabellate forked veins : no midrib : petiole very short, black-villous ; indusium included :
limb shortly 2-lipped. — Plum. Fil. t. 101 .A. Kze. Parnkr. f.88.y. 1. — Leaf 6"'-2i", pe-
tiole V"—2'" long. — Hab. Jamaica!, Shepherd, on moist rocks; S. Kitts, Dominica!, Imr.,
S. Vincent !, Guild. ; Trinidad ; [Cuba !, to French islands ! ; Darien !, Venezuela !, Guiana,
Peru !] .

9. HYMENOPHYLLUM, Sm.

Sori marginal : indusium dorsally 2-lipped : tube short, or none : column included, rarely
exserted, inserted at the summit of a simple or shortly 2-fid veinlet, fertile to the summit
or naked below. — Habit of Trichomanes ; leaves mostly divided and petioled, scattered
along a filiform rhizome, turning usually brown in drying ; segments with a simple vein.

I omit several West Indian species of Hymenophyllvm and a few of Trichomanes, named
by V. d. Bosch upon the same materials as I had before me, and published lately after his
death (Nederl. Kruidk. Arch. 1863) ; for from the descriptions they are apparently not well
founded.

* Leaf segments glabrous.

53. H. asplenioides, Sw. Leaf oblong-lanceolate, pinnatifid, cuneate at the base,
glabrous : lobes oblong, blunt or emarginate, entire, flat ; indusium terminal, 2-lipped to the
base : valves roundish, entire. — Leaf l"-2" long, 4*,,,-6w broad : petiole 6"'-2" long. —
Hab. Jamaica !, Bancr., ou trees, in high mountains ; [Cuba ! to Brazil !].

54. H. abruptum, Hook. Leaf ovate, deeply pinnatifid, not decurrent, glabrous :
lobes oblong, retuse or 2-fid, entire, flat ; indusium terminal, 2-lipped to the middle, sunk
below the broadly rounded, entire lips. — Hook. Spec. t. 31. B. — Leaf 8"'-l|" long, 6"'-12"'
broad : petiole 6'" long. — Hab. Jamaica !, Wils., Pd. ; [Cuba ! : intermingled with H.
brevipes, Kze. (Wr. Cub. 958, leaf palmatipartite), and with 11. brevistipes, Liebm. (Wr.
Cub. 1068, leaf 2-pinnati-palmatifid) ; [Venezuela !, equat. Brazil ].

55. S3, polyanthos, Sw. Leaf 2-3-pinnatipartile with the ultimate segments lobed,
narrowly or not decurrent, glabrous: lobes shortly oblong, blunt, entire, flat ; indusium
terminal, 2-lipped to the subtruncate base or sunk below the middle : lip ovate, blunt, or
roundish, entire. — Hook. Grev. Ic. t. 128. — H. Grevilleannm, Pr. — Variable, 4"-l 2" high,
V'-2"(-&") broad.

a. Leaf long-decurrent ; indusium free, subtruucate at the base : lips ovate, blunt.

p. Schomburglcii, Pr. Leaf long-decurreut ; indusium free, except at the slightly cuneate
base : lips roundish.

y. clavatum, Sw. Leaf not decnrrent ; indusium free, except at the slightly cuneate
base: lips ovate or roundish. — Hook. Grev. Ic. t. 127. — H. abietinum, Hook. Grev. H.
jalapeuse, Cham., Schlecht. ! : except some specimens passing into a. H. fraternum, Pr.,
sec. V. d. Bosch.

5. Kobautianum , Pr. Leaf long-decurrent ; indusium half-sunk, cuneate at the base :
lips half-round.— II. decurrens, Sieb. Mart. 250. II. protrusum, Hook. (Spec. t. 37. B) :
a form with the column at length exserted.

IIab. Jamaica!, Pd., on trees and rocks in the mountains ; Dominica!, Imr.; S. Vin-
cent !, Guild. ; [Cuba ! aud Mexico ! to Brazil ! ; East Indies ! to New Zealand !].

56. H. undulatum, Sw. Leaf linear-oblong, 2-3 -pinnatipartite, shortly or not de-
current, glabrous : rhachis enspate-winged or naked at the base : lobes oblong, blunt, en-
tire, crispate-undulate ; indusium terminal, 2-lipped to near the slightly cuneate base ;
lips' broadly rounded, entire, or repand. — Hook. Ic. t. 964 : the form with 3-pinnatipartite
leaves. — II. flaccidum, V. d. Bosch / — 2"-6" long, flaccid, pendulous, shortly petioled, 4"'-

12"' broad. Hab. Jamaica !, Menzies, in high mountains, in ravines ; [Cuba ! aud Mexico !

to Peru !].

F1LICES.

659

57. H. axillare, Sic. “ Leaf lanceolate, Z-Z-pinnatipartite, very narrowly decurrent,
glabrous : rhachis margined : lobes oblong-linear, blunt or subemarginate, entire, lowest
fertile ; indusium as broad as its leaf-lobe: lips roundish, entire. 6 high? suberect,
shortly petioled.” — Hab. Jamaica (Sw.), on trees in the highest mountains.

58. H. apicale, V. d. Bosch. " Leaf linear-oblong, Z-pirmatipartite, not decurrent,
o-labrous : rliachis naked or margined on one side by the shortly decurreut piimary seg-
ments : lobes oblong-linear, emarginate, entire, terminal sterile ; indusium terminal, nar-
rower than its leaf-lobe, 2-lipped to near its shortly cuueate base : lips broadly rounded,
entire.” — Hook. Grev. Ic.t. 124.— H. axillare, Hook. Grev.—“ 3"-5" high, flaccid, pendu-
lous, shortly petioled, 6"'-12'" broad.”— Hab. Jamaica !, Pd., Wils., in the Blue Moun-
tains; S. Vincent; [Haiti!].

59. H. fucoides, Sw. Leaf oblong-lanceolate, 2-pinnatipartite, very narrowly de-
current, glabrous : rhachis narrowly margined, glabrescent, or slightly hairy : lobes oblong,
blunt, serrulate, flat, inferior often 2-fid ; indusia confined to the lowest part of. the upper
margin of the primary leaf -segments, contracted at the base, 1-lipped to the middle : lips
ovate-deltoid or ovate-oblong, serrate. — Ii. blepharodes, Pr. — 2"-8" high, 1" broad, erect,
shortly petioled.— Hab. Jamaica !, Pd., on trees in high mountains ; [Cuba ! and Mexico !
to Brazil!].

** Leaf-segments ciliate.

60. H. hirsutum, Sw. Leaf short, oblong, deeply pinnatifid or 1-pinnatifid, cuneate
at the base, not decurrent, pilose and ciliate with stellate hairs : lobes oblong, blunt, entire,
flat ; indusium terminal, orbicular, 2-lipped to the middle, ciliate. — Hook. Grev. Lc. t. 84 :
the pinnatifid form. — Trichomanes, L. H. latifrons, V. d. Bosch. H. Cruegerii, C. Mull. :
a form with the hairs confined to the rhachis and leaf-margin (Fendl. Venez. 455). — Pen-
dulous, 2"-4" long, 4,,,-8", broad : petiole short, hair-shaped. — Hab. Jamaica !, Pd.,
Wils., on trees in high mountains ; Trinidad ; [Cuba ! to French islands ! ; Mexico ! to
Brazil !].

61. H. ciliatum, Sw. Leaf oblong, 2(-3 )-pinnatipartile with abroad rhachis, long-
decurrent, ciliate with stellate hairs : segments oblong, blunt, entire, flat, primary ones
subdistant ; indusium terminal, orbicular, 2-lipped to near the rounded base, ciliate. — Hook.
Grev. Ic. t. 35. — H. remotum, V. d. Bosch. — Erect, li"-4" long, 8" -IB'" broad: petiole
above and rhachis i1" broad. — Hab. Jamaica (Sw.), on trees in the mountains; Dominica!,
Jmr., S. Vincent !, Guild. ; Trinidad !, Cr. ; [Cuba I and Mexico ! to Brazil !].

62. H. hirtellum, Sw. Leaf ovate or ovate-oblong, Z-pinnatipartite, narrowly and
shortly decurrent, hairy on the ribs, and ciliate with stellate hairs : segments oblong-linear,
bluntish, entire, flat ; indusium terminal, orbicular, 2-lipped to about the middle, ciliate. —
Hook. Spec. t. 31. D. — Erect, 4"-6" high, l"-li" broad : petiole l"-2" long, f" broad at
the summit, not margined below. — Hab. Jamaica !, Pd., Wils., on wet banks in the moun-
tains; S. Vincent; [French islands : Mexico].

63. H. lineare, Sw. Leaf flaccid, oblong-linear, pinnatisect with pinnately b-Z-par-
tite segments, ciliate with stellate hairs : primary segments subdistant, superior decurrent,
secondary linear or oblong-linear, blunt, entire, flat ; indusium terminal, orbicular, 2-lipped
to about the middle, ciliate. — Hook. Grev. Ic. t. 196. — H. trifidum, Hook. Grev. H.
elegans, Spreng. — Hanging, 2"-10" long, 8"'-12'" broad : petiole short, usually hairy. —
Hab. Jamaica !, Macfi, Pd., on moist banks, rare ; [French islands ! ; Venezuela ! to Peru !
and Brazil !].

64. H. elegantulum, V. d. Bosch. "Leaf flaccid, oblong, pinnatisect with 2-pinnatifid
segments, pubescent, and ciliate with stellate hairs : primary segments distant, not decurreut,
tertiary lobes short, blunt, entire, flat; indusium terminal, cuneate-orbicular, 2-lippcd to the
middle, densely pilose.” — Hook. Spec. t. 33. A. — H. pulchellum, Hook. ( non Schlecht. sec.
V. d. Bosch.) — “ Pendulous, sometimes V long.” — Hab. Jamaica (Macf) ; [Quito].

65. H. sericeum, Sw. Leaf flaccid, long, oblong-linear, pinnalipartite with pinna-
tifid segments, piunatisect below, dehsely pubescent and ciliate with rusty, stellate down :
superior segments narrowly decurrent, lobes oblong, blunt, flat, crested with keeled veins,
inferior emarginate with a forked voinlet ; indusium terminal, orbicular, 2-lippcd to the
middle, densely pilose. — Plum. Fit. t. 73. — Hanging, 1-2' long, 1" broad, shortly petioled.

C60

FILICES.

— Hab. Jamaica !, Pd., on trees in high mountains, S. Georges; Trinidad; [Cuba!
French islands ! ; Mexico ! to Peru !].

to

Tribe V. POLYP OLIFM. — Sporangia with a vertical or oblique, usually incomplete

ring, transversely dehiscent.

Series 1. Pterideee. — Sori confined to the marginal extremity of veins or their

marginal anastomosis.

10. DICKSONIA, L’Her.

Sori inserted into the summit of a veinlet : indusium free upon the leaf-margin, cup-
shaped or 2-lipped : receptacle prominent. — Leaves usually much divided : veinlets free,
pinnate.

* Most veinlets fertile.

66. D. coniifolia, Hook. Leaves 3-pinnatisect, glabrous : tertian’ segments pinnati-
partite, shortly peliolulate, distant, narrowly acuminate, quaternary inferior ones pinnatifid,
uppermost and lobes of the inferior dentiform, the latter dilated into the terminal sorus ;
indusium large, dorsally 2- lipped , at length repand, shallow, subcoriaceous, biownish.
Hook. Spec, t. 24. ^.—Primary segments 1|' long, 10"— 12" broad, quaternary inferior
6"-8" long, connected by the narrow wing of the rhachis ; indusium 1"' broad.— Hab.
Jamaica 1 , AL, peak of Blue Mountains ; [Guadeloupe 1 ; Venezuela ! ; New Granada !].

** Lowest anterior veinlet fertile : all sori approximate to the sinus.

67. B. dissecta, Sw. ( non Hook.). Leaves 2-pinnatisect, glabrous : secondary seg-
ments pinnatipartite, tertiary pinnatifid or lower pinnatiparliie, their fertile lobes with a
single scrus near the base of the upper margin : terminal sterile lobe subtruncate-rounded,
crenate ; indusium hemispherical-cup-shaped, reflexed, submembranaceous, entire at the
maroqn ’—Plum. Fit. t. 30. — D. adiantoides, TV., Kze. ! ( non Hook). D. eicutaria, a.
Hook. / ( non Sw.).— Stout, herbaceous; primary leaf-segments often 2' long, 6"— S" broad,
ultimate lobe of the tertiary segments about 3"' diam. ; indusium diam.

a. Terminal lobe of the tertiary leaf-segments rounded, its erenatures pointed : lowest
superior lobe somewhat larger than the rest. D. tenera, Pr.: a form with the lobes of a,

the erenatures of 0. , „

/3 ordinata, Kaulf. Terminal lobe of the tertiary leaf-segments truncate, its erenatures
unequal blunt’: lateral lobes subequal : rhachis puberulous beneath.— Zz*. Farnlcr. t. 106.
— D. co’rnuta, Kaulf. (D. Hookeriana, Kl. !; D. dissecta, Sclilc. t. 130. b. infra ) : a form

with more pinnatipartite tertiary segments. , , _ , . . , . . . .

Hab. Jamaica!, Pd., Wils., Wiles, in woods ; [Cuba ! to French islands!; Mexico! to

Brazil!].

68 B. eicutaria, Sw. Leaves 2-pinnatisect, glabrous : secondary segments pinnati-
■partite tapering above, tertiary lower pinnatipartite, upper ones pinnatifid, their fertile
lobes with a single sorus on the upper margin, the lowest superior larger and usually with
2-3 sori on both margins : terminal sterile lobe shortly obovale, dentate at the summit;
indusium campanulate- cup-shaped, reflexed, submembranaceous, entire at the margin i.—
Hook Snec t 26 C. — D. apiifolia, Hook. ( non Sw.),Eat. PI. Fend/.! — Distinguished fiom
the preceding by the sharply pointed teeth at the summit of the leaf-segments, and the in-
dusium a little longer than broad. Primary segments much smaller the inferior about 1
long, 3"-4" broad; indusium f" long— Hau. Jamaica {Sw., Hook.), in the mountains;

[Venezuela ! to Peru !].

69 ». rubirinosa., Kaulf. Leaves 2-pinnatisect, hairy on the ribs beneath: secon-
dary'segments 2- pinnatipartite , acuminate, tertiary bluntish, quaternary dentate, or lower
dentate-yinnatifid, fertile near the base of the upper margin of their teeth, the lower
superior^ lobe larger, with 5-3 sori, the following with 3-1 : terminal sterile lobe small,
few-dentate; indusium minute, hemispherical-oup-shaped, reflexed, entire at the margin.—

' Tfnok Snec t 27. A. — D. dissecta, Hook.— Primary pinnae about li long, » -8
mT in&m > diam.-IlAB. Jamaica!, Pd., Wiles, Wright, Al, [Portoneo ! ;

Mexico ! to Brazil 1J.

FILICES.

661

D. apiifolia, Sw. (Jamaica), is still doubtful. Swartz says it resembles very much D.
squarrosa, Sw., and uone of our West Indian Dicksonice bas any resemblance with Forster’s
specimen ; but this would answer to D. Sellowiana, Hook. (Ecuador, Spruce), and what
Kuuze (Bot. Zeit. 3. p. 817) says of an original specimen of D. apiifolia, agrees with this
species ("leaves rigid, pale beneath, ultimate segments sharply serrate ”).

11. DAVA1LIA, Sm.

Sori roundish or cup-shaped, inserted into the summit of a veinlet or between its forking,
at or near the flat leaf-margin : indusium dimidiate-inferior and laterally adnate, open at the
summit. — Veinlets free, rarely anastomosing at the indusium.

Sect. 1. Mxceot.epia, Pr. — Sori at the summit of a simple veinlet, dorsally covered by
a membranaceous, rarely herbaceous indusium. — Veinlets pinnate.

70. D. adiantoides, Sw. Leaves 2-pinnatisect, glabrous : secondary segments in-
ferior pinnatipartite, their divisions falcate-lanceolate, serrate, broadly decurrent to the
next, approximate, superior pinnatifid with the lobes most subtriuicate : most serratures
fertile ; indusium sunk into the margin, cup-shaped, herbaceous : aperture oblique by the
more produced subdenticulate leaf-scrrature. — Plum. Fil. t. 7. — -Dicksonia Plumieri, Hook.
— Arborescent (Plum.) : primary segments l'-l-g' long, 8"-10" broad, tertiary inferior
about 1" long, 4"'-3"' broad. — Hab. Jamaica!, Wiles, Wright; Dominica!, Imr. ; [Cuba!
to French islands!].

71. D. insequalis, Kze. ! Leaves 3 -2-pinnatisect, glabrous : segments pinnatipartite,
with a narrowly margined rhachis, serrate at the acuminate summit, their divisions and the
superior segments ovate-lanceolate, blunt, pinnatifid- serrate with the lowest superior lobe
more produced, fertile below most sinus ; indusium cup-shaped, membranaceous, little ex-
ceeded by the truncate sinus of the leaf-margin. — Hook. Spec. t. 57. B. — Primary seg-
ments about H' long, 8"-12" broad, ultimate S'"-! O'" long, 3'"-4"' broad. — Hab. Jamaica !,
Wiles, Wils., in woods ; [Venezuela ! to Brazil ! and Peru !].

72. 32. jamaicensis, Hook. ! Leaves 2-pinnatisect, pubescent beneath: secondary
segments pinnatipartite, shortly acuminate, tertiary ovate-oblong, pinnatifid-few-serrate with
broad, bluutish lobes, narrowly decurrent to the next, fertile below most sinus ; indusium
half-round, membranaceous, distant from the acute sinus of the leaf -segment.- — D. polvpo-
dioides, Fat. PI. Wr.l ( non Sw.). Microlepia Antillarurn, Mett. an. Fat. — Primary seg-
ments 1-2 -6" long, 3"- 2" broad, ultimate inferior usually 6"'-4"' long, 3"'-2'" broad. — -
Hab. Jamaica!, Macf., Bancr., Wiles, Pd., in moist woods; [Cuba!; New Granada!;
Brazil !].

Sect. 2. Stenoi.oma, Fee. — Sori at the summit of an expanded, rarely several anasto-
mosing veinlets, sunk into the apex of narrow or cuneate leaf -segments, the firm indu-
sium forming their dorsal covering. — Habit of Lindsaya : leaf-ribs forked-dichotomous
or simple in the ultimate segments.

73 . 32. clavata, Sw. Slender, erect, unarmed ; leaf 3-pinnatisect : segments narrowly
linear-cuneate, entire, denticulate at the subtruneate or rounded summit, glabrous : their
single rib once- or twice-forked, rarely simple ; indusium half-round or transversely oblong,
as broad as or little broader than the leaf-segment, equalling its summit, supported by ana-
stomosing or shortly-forked veins. — Plum. Fil. t. 101. b. Schk. Crypt, t. 128.— Adiantum,
L. Lindsaya, Bernh. D. venusta, Schk. D. tenuifolia, Sieb. Mart. .- D. tenuifolia, Sw.’
Kanlf. (non Hook.), from Forster’s specimen of his Ad. clavalum, is a form of 'it with all
segments narrow, 2-ribbed, while Z>. tenuifolia, Hook. ! is D. cuneiformis, Sw. ! (in Fors-
ter s collection). This singular species approaches Lindsaya hy the anastomosis of veinlets
along the bases of the indusium, while from the single ribs of narrower leaf-segments it
would be a true Bavallia : this anomaly might be interpreted as a cohesion of 2 or 4 sori
in the lorrner instance, as has been done by Mcttenius with respect to the allied D. cunei-
formis ; but as there is no structural di (Terence between D. clavata and the cuneate-leaved
Lindsay ce (e. g. L. microphylla, Sw.), I regard the latter ( L . § 2, Mett.) as congeners of
Bavallia. l'(-20 high, divided from about the middle; segments 4,"-2m long, V"— i1"

662

FJLICES.

broad. — Hab. Bahamas!, Swains. ; Jamaica!, all coll., on wet rocks; [Cuba ! to French
islands!; Pacific islands !].

74. D. fumarioides, Sw. Scandent, diffuse, prickly ; leaf subinembranaceous, gla-
brous, 3-2-pinnatisect : segments pinnatipartite, idtimate 2-3-parlile with cuneale, emargi-
nate, or bifid divisions, the latter with a simple or forked rib, oblong, blunt, entire; indu-
sium obversely half-round, as broad as the leaf-division, equalling its summit, supported by
an expanded, simple vein. — Schk. Crypt, t. 129. inf. — Ultimate segmeuts 2" long, its
divisions spreading, 1'" broad at the summit. — Hab. Jamaica !, Macf., Al., Wiles, on dry
hills; [Cuba!].

75. D. aculeata, Sm. Scandent, diffuse, prickly ; leaf herbaceous, glabrous, 3-2-
pinnatisect : segments inferior pinnatipartite, ultimate cuneate-roundisli, unequally 2-3-
lobed: lobes blunt or bluutly emarginate, shortly obovate, entire, with a twice- or more
forked rib ; indusium roundish, exceeded in breadth by the leaf division, equalling its
summit, supported by an expanded, simple vein. — SI. t. 61. Hook. Spec. t. 54. B. —
Adiantum, L. — Habit of the preceding : growth indefinite : ultimate segments little
larger, but more roundish above the broadly cuueate base. — Hab. Jamaica !, Bancr., in dry
savannahs ; Dominica !, Imr. ; [Cuba ! to Guadeloupe !].

12. SACCOLOMA, Kaulf.

Sori half-roundish, in a series lining the leaf-margin, inserted into the summit of a veinlet
or between its forking : indusium inferior, dimidiate, reniform, laterally free. — Veins forked
or simple, anastomosing between the sori or free.

76. S. elegans, Kaulf. Leaf tall, pinnatisect, thin : segments lanceolate, entire,
below the serrate, narrowly acuminate apex : veins simple or 2-partite, closely subtrans-
verse, anastomosing between the approximate sori, and sending short, rectangular branch-
lets into the membranaceous, narrow, entire, fertile margin.- — Hook. Gen. t. 58. f. 1-4.
Kze. Farnlcr. t. 41. — Davallia Saccoloma, Spreng. — Climbing to the height of 20' (Pd.) ;
leaf (the petiole included) about 6' long: segments 8"— 15" long, l"-2" broad. — Hab.
Jamaica !, Pd., Westmoreland, S. Georges ; Trinidad !, Cr., Tocuche ; [Panama ! to Brazil !].

77. S. Imrayana, Hook. Leaf pinnatisect, herbaceous: segments oblong -lanceolate
or ovate-oblong , blunt or bluntish, crenate above the cuneate base: veins forked, distantly
ascending, free, excurrent into the indusium, not into the leaf-margin ; sori somewhat dis-
tant, each below a crenature. — Hook. 1. c. f. 5, 6; Spec. t. 49. A. — Petiole brown-
shining, 8"-l 2" long ; leaf 5"-8", segments l"-2" long, the latter 6"'— 8'" broad. — Hab.
Dominica !, Imr. ; [Guadeloupe !j.

13. LINDSAYA, Dry.

Sori linear, lining the flat leaf-margin, inserted into a special anastomosis of veinlets : in-
dusium dimidiate, inferior, externally open.— Most pinnate leaf-segments subequal, and veins
dichotomous in the West Indian species.

78. Ij. trapeziformis, Dry. Leaf 2-pinnatisect, membranaceous : segments dimidiate-
oblong, bluut or bluntish : inferior and basilar margin truncate, superior curved, fertile : petiole
4,-sided; sori continuous, extending to the summit. — Hook. Gen. t. 63. A. — Primary seg-
ments 6"-12" long, H"-l" broad. — Hab. Jamaica!, Lambert; Dominical, Imr. ; Trini-
dad I, Loclcli. ; [Cuba I to Brazil I ; East Indies I],

79. It. quadrangularis, Radd. Leaf 2- pinnatisect, membranaceous: segments di-
midiate-oblong, blunt : inferior and basilar margin truncate, superior straiglitisli, fertile :
petiole 4-sided; sori interrupted, extending to the summit (or continuous).— Radd. Fil.
Bras. t. 74. — L. Klotzschiana, Moritz. — More slender than the preceding ; primary seg-
ments 4"-8" long, 8"'-10"' broad. — Hab. Dominica, S. Vincent !, Guild, ; [Guadeloupe I ;
Panama ! to Brazil !].

80. Ij. guianensis, Dry. Leaf 2-pinnatisect, submcmbranaceons, somewhat fiexuose :
segments dimidiate-ovate, rounded at the top, cuneate at the base: margins straightish or
slightly curved, superior fertile : petiole cylindrical ; sori continuous, not quite extending to

FILICES.

663

the apex of the inferior margin. — Hook. Spec. t. 62. A. — L. rufescens, Zz. / Primary seg-
ments 8"-li' long, 8"'-10"' broad.— Hab. Jamaica !, Pd., in the Bluefield Mountains ;
Trinidad!, Pd. ; [French islands ; Venezuela !, Guiana!].

81. L, stricta, Dry. Leaf piunatisect, 2-pinnatisect below, herbaceous, rigid-erect :
segments dimidiate-half-round , subrectangular at the base : basilar margin straight, inferior
straightish or backward curved, superior half-circular, fertile : petiole cylindrical ; son con-
tinuous, not quite extending to the apex of the inferior margin.— Schk. Crypt. t. YU.med.
Hook. Ic. t. 98 : the simply pinnatisect form. — Usually l'-2' high, 4 -8 broad. Hab.
Jamaica! (Sic.), in high mountains ; Trinidad !, Lockh., Pd. ; [Mexico to Brazil !].

14. ADIANTUM, L.

Sori inserted into the revolute, specially transformed part of the leaf-margin or excurrent
veinlets or laterally confluent beyond them : no proper indusium. — Leaf-segments often
cuneate at the base and oblique : veins usually dichotomous, rarely anastomosing.

* Leaf pinnatisect or 2 (-4) -pinnatisect : segments subsessile or shortly petiolulate.

82. A. macrophyllum, Sw. Leaf pinnatisect : segments 3-6 -jugal, chartaceous,
lateral subsessile, obliquely ovate-deltoid, sterile unequally serrate : petiole glabrous, ebene-
ous ; sori continuous or distantly interrupted, linear, not produced to the truncate base of
the segments. — Sr. Jam. t. 38. /. 1 : a sterile leaf-segment. Hook. Grev. Ic. t. 132. — 1'
high ; segments variable, sterile about 2"-3" long, l"-li" broad, fertile somewhat narrower.
Hab. Jamaica!, all coll.; S. Vincent; Trinidad; [Cuba! to French islands ! ; Mexico! to
Brazil !].

83. A. Wilsoni, Hook.! Leaf pinnatisect: segments 3-1-jugal, leathery, lateral
shortly petiolulate, obliquely ovate or ovate-oblong, acuminate with a bluntish point, sterile
serrate : petiole glabrous, ebeneous ; sori continuous nearly along the whole margin to near
the rounded or subcordate base. — Hook. Spec. t. 72. A. — Nearly allied to the preceding :
anastomosing veins are infrequent, and occur also in A. macrophyllum, but the midrib is
more developed below; l'-li' high ; segments 3 "-4" long, l"-2" broad. — Hab. Jamaica!,
Wils., in dry plains, near Bath.

84. A. Kaulfussii, Kze. Leaf pinnatisect: segments distantly 4-7 -jugal, chartaceous,
glaucous beneath, shortly petiolulate, obliquely deltoid-lanceolate (or ovate), sterile serrate:
petiole and rhachis rusty-downy ; sori lining nearly the whole margin, linear, contiguously
interrupted. — Hook. Grev. Ic. t. 190. — A. obliquum, Kaulf., Sieb. Mart. 371. — 1' high;
segments about 2" long, 6,,,-8'"(-12w) broad. — ILab. Jamaica!, Wright; S. Vincent!,
Guild.; [Cuba ! to French islands ! ; Mexico to Brazil !].

85. A. obliquum, W. Leaf pinnatisect (or 2-pinnatiseet at the base) : segments 7-18-
jugal, chartaceous, green on both sides, obliquely deltoid-lanceolate or dimidiate, inferior
shortly petiolulate, sterile serrate : petiole and rhachis rusty-downy ; sori lining nearly the
whole margin, except the base, contiguously interrupted (or continuous). — Hook. Spec. t.
79. A. — A. denticulatum, Sw. : Swartz’s observation, that there occur 2-piunatisect leaves,
is confirmed by Fendler’s Venezuela specimen (no. 469), but 1 prefer Willdenow’s name, as
comprising two Swartzian species.

a. Sori much interrupted. — Plum. Fil. t. 52. — A. macrodon, Kaulf. (ap. Kze. ! ) : a form
with 7-9-jugal, bluntish segments.

P. lucidum, Hook. ! (Sw. ex parte). Sori continuous ; leaf-segments usually more acu-
minate.— SI. t. 55./. 2. Hook. Spec. t. 79. C. — Hab. Jamaica !, Masson (0) ; Trinidad!,
Sch. (a, P) ; [Cuba! to Brazil!].

86. A. pumilum, Sw. “ Low ; leaf pinnatisect : segments lateral roundish or ellip-
tical, blunt, minutely serrulate, terminal larger, trapezoid : petiole pubescent or glabrate ;
sori reniform, subsolitary — Mart. Crypt. Bras. t. 26. f. 4. — “ 2^-5" high ; lateral seg-
ments about 6"' long.” — Hab. Jamaica ! (Sw.), rare, on shady rocks and old trees.

87. A. deltoideum, Sw. Leaf pinnatisect or once 2-pinnatisect at the base: segments
6-8-jugal, membranaceous, subequal-sided, deltoid or deltoid-roundish, blunt, subentire,
shortly petiolulate : petiole short, glabrous, or with a line of spreading hairs : rhachis often

664.

FILICES.

proliferous ; sori continuous or contiguously interrupted, confined to the lateral margins.
— Kze. Analect. t. 17. f- 2. — 6"-8" high ; segments 4'"-6'" diam. — Hab. Jamaica!, Pd.,
Wils.,Al., on limestone rocks, S. Anns Bay, S. Thomas, i. E. ; [Cuba!, Haiti],

88. A. serrulatmn, L. Leaf pinnatiseet or once-“ twice” 2-pinnatisect at the base,
produced into a pinnatifid or serrate apex (the longer, terminal segment) : segments 15-20-
jugal, chartaceous, dimidiate-oblong or half-ovate , blunt, inferior shortly petiolulate, superior
gradually smaller, sterile argutekj denticulate (except only at the base) : petiole short, pu-
bescent, channelled-cylindrical ; sori usually confined to the upper margin, contiguously
interrupted. — SI. t. 35./. 2. — A. denticulatum, Melt. ! in PL Lechl. 2319 (non Sw).
Sloane’s figure was compared by Sir W. Hooker with A. pulverulentum, L., but the continu-
ous sori, and the stout, 4-gonal petiole distinguish at once that large species. — -Usually 6' —
8" high; inferior segments 4'", terminal 6"'-8"; long. — Hab. Jamaica! (Sw.), on shady
hills : [Cuba !, (Wr. Cub. 880) ; Peru !].

89. A. cubense, Hook. Leaf pinnatiseet or once 2-pinnatisect at the base ; segments
10-20-jugal, membranaceous, broadly dimidiate-oblong (or half-roundish), blunt, lobulato-
crenate at the upper margin, inferior shortly petiolulate : petiole slender, channelled-cylin-
drical, polished, glabrate : rhaehis puberulous ; sori reniform, distantly interrupted, con-
fined to the upper margin. — Hook. Spec. t. 73. A. — Allied to A. dolabriforme, Hook., and
A. lunulatum, W., but in both these the segments are much longer-petiolulated.— 8"- 12"
high, delicate ; segments 6"'-8'" long, 4'" broad. — Hab. Jamaica !, M‘Nab ; [Cuba!].

90. A. villosum, L. Leaf 2-pinnatisect : primary segments few-, secondary 10-15-
jugal, chartaceous, dimidiate-oblong-lanceolate or trapezoid-oblong, subsessile, terminal
rhomboid-lanceolate, entire: petiole channelled-Z-gonal, rusty-hairy; sori continuous,
lining the upper margin and round the apex about one-half of the lower one. — SI. t. 55.
f. 1. SchJc. Crypt. 7.120. — A. falcatum, Sw. — 1-2' high; secondary segments 1"-H"
long, 4"'-5"' broad. — Hab. Jamaica (Sw.), in woods; S. Vincent!, Gruild.; Triuidad !,
Sell. ; [Panama ! to Brazil!].

91. A. tetraphyllum, W. Leaf 2-pinnatisect : primary segments 3-1 (-4)-jugal : se-
condary 8-18-jugal, herbaceous, glaucescent beneath, dimidiate, trapezoid-oblong or subfal-
cate-oblong, senate at the bluntish summit only, shortly petiolulate, terminal narrow, ser-
rate: petiole cliannelled-Z-gonal (or 4-goual at the base), polished, hairy or glabrescent :
rhaehis villous-hairy ; sori contiguously interrupted, confined to the upper margin, and re-
appearing often at the lower margin of the oblique apex, rarely extending to it. — A. priono-
phyllum, Kth. A. striatum, Sieb. Mart. 370 (non Sw.). A. intermedium, Hook, (non Kze.).
A. brasiliense, and fructuosum, Lk. — Variable, nearly allied to A. villosum, L. — 1'— 2' high ;
secondary segments 1" long, 4t"-b'" broad. — Hal>. Jamaica!, Wiles ; Dominica !, Imr. ;
Trinidad ! ; [French islands ! ; Mexico ! to Brazil !].

92. A. triangnlatum, Hook, (non Kaulfi). Leaf 2-pinnatisect: primary segments
3_2(-4)-jugal, subapproximate: secondary 15-20-jugal, chartaceous, green on both sides,
dimidiate-oblong-lanceolate, subfalcate bluntish, serrate along the upper margin, shortly
petiolulate, terminal narrow, serrate: petiole cliannelled-i-gonal, k-gonal below, rusty-
hairy ; sori short , confined to the serratures of the upper margin, interrupted by its sinuosi-
ties.— H'-2' high: petiole longer than the blades; secondary segments 1" long, 3"'-4'"
broad. — Hab Jamaica!, Wits. ; Trinidad!, Cr. ; [Cuba ! to French islands ! ; Guiana!].

93. A. intermedium, Sw., Kze. ! (non Hook). Leaf 2-pinnatisect : primary segments
6-2-jugal : secondary 10-24-jugal, chartaceous, dimidiate-oblong, rounded at the apex,
subsessile, sterile serrulate along the upper margin and round the apex, terminal narrow,
serrate : petiole wholly channclledA-gonal, polished, rusty-hairy ; sori oblong, contigu-
ously interrupted along the upper margin and usually round the apex. A. prionophyllnm.
Hook, (non Kth), Eat. in Wr. Cub.' A. triangulatum, Kaulf. sec. Kze. : but Kaulfuss’s
description agrees better with A. tetraphyllum, W.— 1'-3' high ; secondary segments 8'"-
10'" long, 3"'-4"' broad.— Hab. Jamaica; S. Vincent!, Guild.; Trinidad!, Sch. ; [Cuba!
to Guiana!].

94. A. cayennense, W. Leaf 2-pinuatiscct : primary segments 4-3 -jugal : secondary
80-40-iugal, chartaceous, dimidiate-oblong, rounded at the apex, subsessile, sterile serrate
along the upper margin, and crenate-dentate at the apex, terminal narrow, serrate : petiole

FILICES.

66 5

wholly chmnellecU-gonal, rusty-hairy or glabrescent ; sori roundish, occupying the arena-
lures of the upper margin , interrupted by its narrow sinuosities. JIooJc. Spec, t, 71. 4:
segments larger than in our specimens. — 2-3 * high; secondary segments 6 -8 long, 3 -
4'" broad. — Hab. Jamaica! {Hook.) ; [Guiana!, Brazil!].

95. A. pulverulentum, L. Leaf 2-pinnatisect : primary segments 3— 6-jugal, produced
into a narrow, serrate apex : secondary about 40-jugal, herbaceous, dimidiate-oblong , usually
serrate at the bluntish, subfalcate apex, snbsessile: petiole A-gonal, polished, rusty-hairy ;
sori continuous, confined to the upper margin, usually terminated below the apex.— LYm/h.
Fit. t. 55. Schk. Crypt, t. 119.— 1 '-3' high ;* secondary segments 6"'-5"' long, 2 broad,
dark-green. — Hab. Jamaica !, Wiles, Wright ; [Cuba ! to French islands ; Mexico ! to
Brazil !].

96. A. obtusum, lesv. Leaf 2-pinnatisect : primary segments 3-8-jugal : secondary
15-30-jugal, leathery-chartaceous, dimidiate-oblong , blunt, snbsessile, terminal small, blunt-
ish, sterile serrulate along the upper margin and round the apex : petiole channelled-2>-gonal,
ebeneous, glabrous : rhachis pubescent or glabrous ; sori contiguously interrupted along the
upper margin and round the apex (rarely continuous). — Hook. Grev. Ic. t. 188. V- 2'
high ; secondary segments usually 4"'-5"' long, 2"' broad.— Hab. S. Vincent ; Trinidad !,
Lockh., Sch. ; [Panama ! to Brazil !].

97. A. cristatum, L. Leaf 2-pinnatisect, once 3-pinnatisect at the base (-pinnatisect) :
primary segments 3-6-jugal, ultimate 10-20-jugal, chartaceous, dimidiate-oblong or half-
ovate, dentate above at the sterile, crenate-lobulate at the fertile part, shortly petiolulate,
terminal subentire, mostly narrowly acuminate : petiole slender, scabrous, channelled-half-
cylindrical ; sori distantly interrupted along the upper margin, or from it round the apex,
half-oval or shortly oblong, occupying the middle part of the truncate lobules. — Plum.
Til. t. 97. — A. striatum, Sw. — ll'-3' high ; segments 8"'-4'" long, 4"'-3'" broad. — Hab.
Jamaica!, Wiles, March-, [Cuba! to Venezuela !].

98. A. Kunzeanum, Leaf 2-pinnatisect to once 3-pinnatisect at the base ; pri-
mary segments 5-3-jugal, ultimate 6-1 2 (-20) -jugal, herbaceous, shortly dimidiate-oblong
or half -quadrate, blunt, sharply serrate at the summit, lobulate at the fertile upper margin,
shortly petiolulate, uppermost smaller or terminal acuminate : petiole slender, scabrous,
channelled -half-cylindrical ; sori distant along the upper margin, semilunar-reniform, oc-
cupying the middle part of broadly emarginate lobules between the marginal angles. —
Perhaps a form of the preceding, but segments less approximate; 1-2' high; segments
6"'-4"' long, 4"'-3'" broad. — Hab. Jamaica ! {Hook.) ; [Cuba !].

99. A. microphyllum, Kaulf. Leaf 2-pinnatisect or snb-3-pinnatisect at the base :
primary segments 9-6 (-3) -jugal, ultimate sub -SO -jugal, herbaceous, dimidiate, shortly half-
ovate-oblong, bluntish, denticulate or subentire, lobulate at the fertile part, shortly petiolulate,
uppermost much smaller : petiole slender, scabrous, channelled-subcylindrical ; sori few-soli-
tary, confined to the upper margin, sub contiguous, half-oval or oblong, occupying nearly the
whole breadth of the truncate lobules. — Schk. Crypt, t. 118. — A. striatum, Schk. A. pyra-
midale, W. {Plum. Ml. t. 54) : probably. — 2'-3' high ; segments 4"'-3"' long, 3"'~2'"
broad. — Hab. Jamaica !, Pd., Lane ; [Cuba!].

100. A. crenatum, W. Leaf 3(-“ 4 ”) -pinnatisect, 2-pinnatisect above: segments
distant, 'ultimate 15-30-jugal, herbaceous, dimidiate-ovate-oblong , bluntish, inciso-lobulate
at the fertile upper margin, shortly petiolulate : petiole channelled-subcylindrical, glabrous ;
rhachis slightly hairy ; sori semilunar-reniform, occupying the entire breadth of the
broadly emarginate lobules, subcontiguous, separated by the narrow indentations of the
margin. — Plum. Fit. 1. 53. Hook. Spec. t. 83. c. — A. Wilesianum, Hook. ! — 2' high ; seg-
ments 8'" long, 4"'-3'" long.— Hab. Jamaica!, Wiles, Lamb.; [Mexico ! to Peru!].

101. A. polyphyllum, W. Leaf 3-4-pinnatisect : ultimate segments 20-12-jugal,
chartaceous, dimidiate-oblong , rounded at the apex, inciso-lobulate at the fertile upper
margin, shortly petiolulate : petiole and rhachis glabrous, ebeneous ; sori roundish, occupy-
ing the middle part of the emarginate lobes between their blunt margins, distant. — Hook.
Spec. t. 83. A. — Segments 6'"-8'"long, 3"' broad. — Hab. Trinidad {Hook.) ; [Venezuela !],

G66

FELICES.

** Leaf decompound-pinnatisect : segments supported by slender petiolules.

102. A. trapeziforme, L. Leaf 3-(4-2) -pinnatiseet : segments herbaceous, glauces-
cent, dimidiate-trapezoid or rhomboid , inciso-lobulate at the two upper, fertile margins,
pointed : atigles sharp : petiole shining-ebeneous, glabrous ; sori shortly oblong -half-round,
occupying the middle part of the truncate, entire lobes. — SI. t. 59. Schfc. Crypt, t. 122.—
A. rhomboideum, Sch/c. A. formosissimum, Kl. — -4' high ; segments l-j"-l", petiolules 4"'-
1'" long. — Hab. Jamaica!, Wiles, Pd.; [Cuba ! and Mexico ! to Brazil !].

103. A. cultratum, J. Sm. ! Leaf 3-(4-2)-pinnatisect : segments herbaceous, glauces-

cent, dimidiate-rhomboid or oblong, inciso-lobulate at the upper fertile margin and round
the apex, blunt : angles (except the basilar) obtuse : petiole shining-ebeneous, glabrous ;
sori semilunar-reniform, occupying the middle part of the emarginate lobes. — Plum. Fit. t.
95. Sch/c. Crypt, t. 121. b. — A. trapeziforme, Sclik. — 2' high; segments 12"'-8W, petio-
lules loug. — Hab. Jamaica {Sch/c.)-, S. Vincent {Hook.); [Brazil!].

104. A. Capillus-Veneris, L. Leaf 2-4-pinnatisect : segments membranaceous,

cuneate-roundish or obliquely rhomboid, inciso-lobulate or lobed above, not jointed at the
base: petiole slender, glabrous; sori half-round or oblong, occupying the middle part or en-
tire breadth of the lobes. — Hook. Spec. t. 74. B : our West Indian, glaucescent form, with
deeply cut, rhomboid segments and 6-8 sori (A. incisum, Bartl. ms.). — 1'-2' high ; seg-
ments 10"'-4'" diam., petiolules long. — Hab. Jamaica, Dominica and Trinidad

{Hook.) ; [Cuba 1 ; Mexico !, United States !, Pacific islands ! ; south and west of Europe ! ; to
China, East Indies ! and the Cape !].

105. A. tenerum, Sw. Leaf 3-4-pinnate : segments membranaceous, usually glauces-
cent, obliquely rhomboid, bluntish, inciso-lobulate or lobed at the two upper fertile margins,
jointed at the base of the blade : petiole slender, shining-ebeneous, glabrous ; sori oblong-
half-round, occupying the middle part (rarely the entire breadth) of the lobes.— Not distin-
guished from the preceding Cuba form, but by the excellent character of jointed segments. —
Segments 6"'-10'", petiolules 2V''-1"' long.— Hab. Bahamas !, Swains. ; Jamaica!, Wiles,
Pd. ; Antigua !, Nichols., Dominica !, Imr., S. Vincent ; [Cuba ! to French islands !
Mexico ! to Venezuela !].

106. A. fragile, Sw. Leaf 3-4-pinnate, divided from near the base : segments mem-
branaceous, subequal-sided or slightly oblique, cuneate-roundish, dentate-lobulatc at the
terminal, fertile margin, jointed at the base of the blade : petiole shining-ebeneous, glabrous ;
sori oblon°--half-round, occupying the middle part of the broadly emarginate lobes.— l'-l)'
high ; segments 4"'-2'"(-6"') diam. ; petiolules 2"'-l'" long.— Hab. Jamaica!, Wright, Pd.,
Wils., on calcareous rocks : [Cuba ! to Martinique !].

107. A. concinnum, Kth. Leaf 3-2-pinnatisect : segments membranaceous, obliquely
rhomboid or rhomboid-roundish, lowest secondary and tertiary ones approximate and op-
pressed to the rhachis, subequal-sided, deltoid-roundish, all lobulate at the two uppei fertile
margins, not jointed at the base -. petiole shining, glabrous ; sori semilunar-reniform, oc-
cupying'the middle part of the broadly emarginate lobes. — Kth. N. Gen. 7. t. 668. — 1-2
high ; segments 4'"-8'"(-9"'), petiolules 2"'-l'" long.— Hab. Jamaica !, Macf ; S. Vincent ;
[Cuba ! and Mexico I to Peru ! ; Galapagos].

15. HYPOLEPIS, Bernh.

Sori round, marginal, confined to the lower anterior, free veiutets, inserted near their
summit, covered by reflexed, specially transformed appendages of the margin. - Stout Ferns ;
rhizome often creeping out of the ground ; leaves much divided : all veinlets free : son
usually in the sinuosities of the ultimate segments.

108. H . repens, Pr. Prickly, glabresccnt ; leaf ^-pinnatiseet : tertiary segments
oblong-lanceolate, upward decrescent, lower pinnatipartile, superior pinuatifid and serrate,
uppermost and ultimate ones subentire : lobes and serraturcs approximate, obliquely
rounded : sori singlc(-2) at the base of their anterior margin : involucre small, transversely
oblonp; herbaceous. — Plum. Fit. t. 12. Hoolc. Spec. t. 90. B. Lonchitis, L. Cheilan-
thes itau/f. Sieb. Mart. 373 (Dicksonia aculeata, Spreng .).— G'-4' high ; distant primary
segments 2', secondary 6"-3", lower tertiary 8'"-10"' long, ultimate 1"' broad, lowest

FILICES.

667

long. — IIab. Jamaica !, Wits., Pd., Wiles ; [Cuba ! to French islands ! ; Venezuela 1
to Brazil ! ; Galapagos !].

109. H. nigrescens, Hook. Prickly, glabrous; leaf % -pinnatisect : tertiary seg-
ments oblong, bluntish, most equal, low pinnatipartite, superior pinnatifid, uppermost and
ultimate ones serrate : lobes and serratures bluntish : sori single at the base of their an-
terior margin : involucre minute, scarious. — Hook. Spec. t. 90. C. — Distant primary seg-
ments 1', secondary 3"-2", most tertiary 6"' long, ultimate V" broad, lowest 2'" long. —
Hab. Jamaica!, Wiles; [Martinique!; Venezuela!-. I exclude Cuming’s East Indian
habitat],

110. H. Furdieana, Hook. Unarmed, glandular-hairy below; leaf 3-2-pinnalisect :
ultimate segments oblong, blunt, pinnatifid with rounded lobes, decurrent into the mar-
gined rhachis, uppermost cuneate-entire ; sori single at the base of the anterior margin of
the lobes: involucre half-round, herbaceous, scarious at the margin. — Kook. Spec. t. 91. B.
— Not to be distinguished from Polypodium rugulosum. Lab., but by the specially trans-
formed, involucral appendages, and probably passing into that widely ranging species (H.
rugulosa, J. Sm.). — Ultimate segments 3",-2"' long, 1"' broad. — Hab. Jamaica!, Pd.,
Westmoreland; [New Granada].

16. CHEILANTHES, Sw.

Sori round, distinct or confluent along the margin, inserted into the summit of all or
most free veinlets, covered by reflexed, specially transformed appendages of the margin. —
Leaves divided, usually much so.

§ 1 Sori approximate or confluent.

111. C. microphylla, Sm. Leaf 2-pinna.tisect, puberulous beneath or glabrescent :
secondary segments serrate-pinnatifid, blunt, ultimate subentire : petiole terete, about as
long as the blade, rusty-puberulous chiefly on the upper side ; sori shortly or interruptedly
confluent : involucre membranaceous. — SI. t. 13. f. 2. Plum. Ml. t. 58. Hook. Spec. t.
98. A. — -Adiantum, Sw. C. elongata, Pat. PI. Wr. — Leaf-blade 6,,-12,,J primary segments
V-\f long, most of the latter subequal; longer secondary segments 4",-3'" long, 2"'-l V"
broad. — Hab. Jamaica !, liar tv:., Wits., in mountain-woods ; S. Vincent!. Guild.; [Cuba!
to French islands ! ; Mexico ! to Peru ! ; Galapagos !] .

The Jamaica habitat of 0. marginata, Kth. (Hook. Spec. 2. p. 106), is erroneous, all Pur-
die’s specimens proving to be from New Granada.

§ 2. Sori roundish, all distinct (Adiantopteris, Fee) .

112. C. radiata, J. Sm. Slender, glabrous; leaf palmatisect : segments pinnatisect,
secondary horizontal, oblong, blunt, upward auricled at the truncate, shortly petiolulated base,
subentire, most equal : most veinlets simple ; sori distinct, lining the margin : involucre
half-round, membranaceous. — Plum. Fil. t. 100. Hook. Spec. t. 91. A. — Adiantum, L.
Hypolepis, Hook. — Petiole black-shining, terete, 12' -4" long; primary segments expanded
like 5-9 rays, middle longer 6"-S", exterior 3"-l" long : secondary ones 4'" long, V"
broad. — Hab. Jamaica!, Pd., Manchester; Dominica !, Imr. ; [Cuba!, Haiti!, Sieb. Mart.
398 ; Mexico ! to Peru ! and Brazil !].

113. C. pedata, A. Br. Slender, glabrous ; leaf ternatisect : 2 lateral divisions un-
equally 2-partitc, with the lower and shorter segments pinnatisect, the superior and the del-
toid middle division 2-pinnatisecl below, pinnatisect with pinnatipartite segments above :
ultimate segments obliquely oblong, bluntish, subentire (except at the abruptly auricled upper
side of the cuneate, shortly petiolulated base), superior decrescent: most veinlets simple;
sori distinct : involucre reniform, membranaceous. — Hook. Spec. t. 92. A. — Hypolepis,
Hook. — Petiole of the preceding; leaf-blade 6,,(-12") long and usually as broad : ultimate
inferior segments 3"'-4'" long, V" broad above the spreading auricle. — IIab. Jamaica I, Pal. ;
[Veraguas],

2 x

668

FILICES.

17. NOTHOLiENA, R. Br.

Sori confluent along the margin, inserted into the summit of all or most free veinlets,
naked. — Leaves divided.

114. N. trichomanoides, R. Br. Leaf pinnatisect, glakrate above, white-powdery
and rusty-tomentose with stellate down beneath and at the rhachis : segments short, oblong,
blunt, or ovate-oblong, sinuate , crenate or repand, piunatifid or auricled at tbe base, very
shortly petiolulate, flat at the margin, most equal; sori lining the margin. — SI. t. 35./. 1.
Blum. Fit. t. 75. — Pteris, L. Cheilanthes, Melt. N. ferrnginea, Bat. PI. Wr. — Leaf
12"-6", petiole 2"-3" long : segments 8"'-4"' long, 3"'-2'" broad, at first white, at length
rusty beneath. — Hab. Jamaica !, all coll. ; [Cuba!; Haiti].

115. N. rufa, Pr. Leaf pinnatisect, pilose-pubescent above, pale, at length rusty-
tomentose, bat devoid of powder beneath, pilose at the rhachis : segments short, oblong-
lanceolate, bluntish, regularly pinnatifid or almost pinuatipartite, very shortly petiolulate,
revolute at the margin, superior decrescent; sori juxtamarginal. — -Cheilanthes ferruginea,
W. — In the Jamaica specimens (N. rufescens, Hook. Llerb.) the leaf-segments are pinnatifid
only to the middle, and their revolute margin is scarcely membranaceous. — Leaf IV— H, pe-
tiole 3"-5" long: middle segments 8,"-5'" long, 2'" broad. — IIab. Jamaica!, Wits., on
rocks and shingly soil, S. Andrews, at 3000-4000' alt. ; [Mexico ! to Peru ! and Buenos
Ayres],

18. PTERIS, L.

Sori linear, lining the specially transformed, revolute leaf-margin and covered by it,
mostly inserted into a special anastomosis of veinlets : proper indusium usually none. —
Sterile leaves devoid of the fertile anastomosis of veinlets.

§ 1. Sori naked beneath the leaf-margin.' — Petiole with a single bundle of vessels.

( Bupteris .)

* Leaf pinnatisect or lower segments pinnatisect again.

116. P. longifolia, L. Leaf pinnatisect : segments linear, acuminate, cordate or
truncate at the subsessile base, serrulate (except at the sori), numerous : veins mostly free,
forked : petiole pale ; sori continuous below the sterile apex. — SI. t. 34. Plum. Fit. t. 69.
Sch/c. Crypt, t. 88. — P. vittata, L. P. bahamensis, Fee. — Segments 6"-2" long, 4"'-l'"
broad. — PIab. Bahamas !, Swains. ; Jamaica !, all coll. ; [Cuba! to Venezuela ! ; Southern
Spain !, Italy !, and Dalmatia to tropical Africa, East Indies !, Australia, and Pacific
islands].

117. P. grandifolia, L. Leaf pinnatisect: segments lanceolate-linear, acuminate,
cuneate or rounded at the base, entire : veins parallel, forked, mostly connected towards the
sorus : petiole pale; sori continuous.— <S7. t. 40. Plum. Fil. t. 105. Hook. Spec. 1. 113.
B. — P. vittata, Sch/c. ( Crypt . t. 89) : a form with the veins mostly free, collected by Rugel
in Cuba. — Segments 12''-6"(-4") long, 12,"-8'"(-G'") broad. — IIab. Jamaica !, Macf,
Lambert, Pd. ; [Cuba ! to French islands ! ; Mexico ! to Peru !] .

118. P. mutilata, L. Leaf pinnatisect, 2-pinnatisect at the base : fertile segments
linear, mucronatc-bluntish, superior shortly decurrent at the base, sterile oblong or elliptical-
oblong, repand with a cartilaginous margin : veins forked or simple, free : petiole pale ;
sori continuous. — Hook. Spec. t. 131. A. — P. concinna, Heward: a form with “ 2-pinnati-
sect leaves.” — 8"-l£' high, long-petioled ; segments about 6-jugal, fertile l"-4" long,

broad, sterile as broad, but shorter. — IIab. Jamaica ( Heward ) ; [Cuba!; Haiti].

119. P. heterophylla, L. Leaf pinnatisect, 2-3-pinnatisect at the base : fertile seg-
ments oblong-linear, few-serrate at the bluntish apex, decurrcnt, sterile spathulatc, coarsely
serrate above the cuneate base : veins simple or forked, free : petiole pale ; sori continuous.
— SI. t. 53./. 2. — 8"-12'f high; segments about 6-jugal, fertile 12'"-8'" long, 2'" broad,
sterile 4"'-5'" broad. — IIab. Jamaica !, Macf., Al,, Pd., in shady woods; [Cuba ! ; Haiti;
Brazil !].

** Leaf 3 -partite : segments pinnatifid.

120. P. pedata, L. Leaf cordale-3-parliie, opaque: segments pinnatifid(-2-pinna-

FILICES.

669

tifid) or inferior half-pinnatifid, terminal acuminate, its lowest lobes larger: veins areolate :
petiole ebeneous, slender, puberulous at the summit: the down extended to the upper side
of the ribs; sori continuous. — Plum. Fil. t. 152. Schk. Crypt, t. 100. sm.— 8 —12 high,
blade 3"— 5" diam. — Hab. Jamaica !, Pd., Royal Mountains; [Cuba, to irencli islands .,
Sieb. Mart. 368 ; Venezuela ! to Brazil !].

*** Leaf stout, pinnatehj divided: segments pinnatifid-pinnatisect.

121. P. laciniata, W. Hairy with flaccid down ; leaf stout, 2-pinnatisect-2-pinnati-
parlite : inferior secondary segments pinnatifid to the middle , superior and lobes ot the in-
ferior oblong or ovate, blunt, entire : ribs unarmed : veins distant, forked, ft ee : petiole
pale ; sori continuous below the apex, often most contiguous at the sinus. Plum. Fil. t.
20. Schk. Crypt, t. 86— Lonchitis hirsuta, L.,Sieb. Mart. 372. P. diplazioides, Moritz!:
a form with the sori distant from the sinus.— About 4' high ; leaf submembranaceous, flaccid,
while in all the following species it is herbaceous and glabrous ; inferior secondary segments
3"-l" long, 10"'-6'" broad. — Hab. Jamaica!, M‘Nab, Al. ; Dominica!, Imr., S. Vincent!,
Guild. ; [Cuba ! to Prench islands ! ; Mexico ! to Peru !].

122. P. podophylla, Sio. Leaf stout, 2-pinnatisect-2-pinnatipartite : most inferior
secondary segments and superior primary ones deeply pinnatifid or 2-piunatifid at the base,
superior pinnatifid to the middle : lobes oblong, bluntish, serrulate beyond the sorus : sinus
narrow : ribs mucronulate above at the origin of their divisions : veins areolate with 2—3-
serial meshes : petiole pale ; sori continuous below the apex, contiguous at the sinus. -
Br. Jam. t. 1 : an unusual form with few primary segments, the origin of Swartz’s species.
Hook. Spec. t. 139 : upper segments.- — P. propinqua, Ag. ! P. Kunzeana, Hook. P. bi-
formis, Split g. {ex Kze. in PI. Kegel. !). P. aculeata, Eat. { non Sw.).— Lobes 1 ''-6'" long,

broad : rhachis 3"'-4'" broad. — Hab. Jamaica !, all coll. ; S. Vincent !, Guild. ;
Trinidad !, Lockh. ; [Cuba ! to French islands ! ; Mexico ! to Brazil ! ; Galapagos],

123. P. aculeata, Sw. {ex Plum). Leaf stout, 2-pinnatisect : secondary segments
deeply pinnatifid : lobes lanceolate-acuminate, subfalcate, serrulate beyond the sorus : sinus
rounded, narrowly open : ribs mucronulate above at the origin of their divisions : veins
areolate with A-S-serial meshes: petiole pale, “prickly” or unarmed; sori continuous
below the apex, contiguous at the sinus. — Plum. Fil. t. 5. 11. — P. elata, Hook.! : from
this my diagnosis is taken, though not agreeing with Agardh’s diagnosis, but my Panama
specimens are exactly like Plumier’s figures, except in then- petiole being unarmed. P.
longibrachiata, Ag. {ex descr). — Lobes l"-2" long, 6"' broad : rhachis 4'"-6"' broad. —
Hab. Jamaica {Sw.) ; S. Vincent (P. longibrachiata, Ag.) ; [French islands ; Panama ! ;
Venezuela].

124. P. crassipes, Ag. ! Leaf stout, 2-pinnatisect-2-pinnatipartite : most inferior
secondary segments pinnatiparlite (or semi-2-pinnatifid at the base), superior deeply pinna-
tifid, tertiary and lobes lanceolate-acuminate, subfalcate, serrulate beyond the sorus : sinus
broadly open : ribs mucronulate above at the origin of their divisions : veins areolate with
2-3-serial meshes : petiole pale ; sori continuous below the apex, contiguous at the sinus. —
P. aculeata. Hook. P. protea, Liebm. P. gigantea, Sieb. Mart. 366 [ non P. gigantea, W.
(Guadeloupe !), which is distinguished by oblong, bluntish leaf-segments with a narrow
sinus]. P. Kunzeana, Eat. PI. Cub. P. Sloanei, Raid. {SI. t. 47) ? : distinguished by the
terminal segments elongated, pinnatifid with roundish lobes. — Lower segments 3" long, 3'"
broad: rhachis 2'" broad. — Hab. S. Vincent !, Guild.; Trinidad !, Pd. ; [Cuba ! to French
islands ! ; Mexico ! to Brazil !] .

125. P. biaurita, L. Leaf pinnatisect : segments deeply pinnatifid to about seven-
eighths, lowest 2(-3 )-sect : lobes linear-oblong, blunt, entire : ribs mucronulate above at the
origin of their divisions : veins forked, free, lowest connected, forming a single mesh between
two ribs and the costa : petiole pale ; sori continuous to or round the sinus and to near the
apex. — Plum. Fil. t. 15. Hook. Gen. i. G5. A. — Lobes about 1" long, 3"'-Fn broad :
rhachis as broad. — IIab. Antigua !, Nichols. ; [French islands!, Sieb. Mart. 367; trop.
Africa to East Indies ! and Hongkong !].

126. P. pungens, IF., Kze. ! Leaf pinnatisect : segments deeply pinnatifid to about
five-sixths, lowest 2-sect : lobes linear-oblong , pointed, serrulate above the sorus : ribs

2x2

670

FILICES.

mucronulate above at the origin of their divisions : veins forked, all free, lowest inserted
into the costa : petiole pale, prickly below ; sori short, about half as long as the lobes,
somewhat distant at the sinus. — Plum. Ml. t. 13. 14. — Middle lobes 1" long, 3"' broad,
superior and inferior decrescent: rhachis 4'” broad. — IIab. Trinidad {Ag., J. Sm.); [Haiti
to Guiana !, PI. KegeH).

127. P. quadriaurita, Retz., Hook. Leaf pinnatisect: segments pinnatipartite,
lowest 2{-3)-sect •• secondary ones oblong -linear, blunt, entire, repand at the summit: ribs
with a slender priclcle above at the origin of their divisions : veins forked, all free : petiole
pale, purplish below ; sori continuous below the apex, contiguous at the sinus. — Hook. Spec,
t. 134. B ; Gen. t. 64. A. — P. repandula. Lie., Mett. P. felosma, J. Sm. P. Plumieri,
W. ( ex pi. cult). — Ultimate segments 8'" long, 2"' broad : rhachis 1"' broad. — Hab.
Jamaica!, Macf, Pd., Wi/s. ; Trinidad!, Woodf.; [all tropical countries].

128. P. Swartziana, Ag.! Leaf pinnatisect : segments pinnatipartite, lov;est 2-3-
sect : secondary ones linear -oblong , blunt, serrate above the sorus : ribs mucronulate above
at the origin of their divisions : veins forked, all free , the lowest often inserted into the
costa : petiole pale, purplish-brown below ; sori continuous, about half as long as the
leaf-segment. — Hook. Grev. Ic. t. 142. — P. biaurita, Sw. ( non L.). Ultimate segments 8"'
long, 3'" broad: rhachis H'" broad. — Hab. Jamaica!, Pd., Wils.

129. P. deflexa, Lk. Leaf 2-2,-pinnatisect : ultimate segments oblong, dilated at
the base, subfalcate mucronate-pointed, cartilaginous at the margin, entire or few-serrate
above the sorus : ribs mucronulate above at the origin of their divisions : veins all free,
forked, or simple, subdistant : petiole pale ; sori continuous below the apex. P. stridens,
Ag. : the form with entire leaf-segments. P. flabellata, var. americana, Ag. (S. Vincent) is
to be compared with it. — Ultimate segments 61'1 long, 2"1 broad at the base. Hab. Ja-
maica ( Bancr .: P. stridens, Ag.) ; [Venezuela ! ( Moritz ) to Brazil].

130. P. incisa, Thunb. Leaf %-pinnatisect, glaucescent beneath : secondary segments
pinnatipartite, distant, lowest approximate to the common rhachis: ultimate ovate-oblong,
bluntish, subentire, broad at the base : ribs unarmed : veins dichotomous, usually connected
by their lowest branchlets : petiole pale, at length purplish; sori continuous below the
ap ex.—Raddi, Fil. Bras. t. 71— P. vespertilionis, Lab. P. pallida. Radd. P. glauca,
Moritz. — Our form is “scandent;” secondary segments about 3"-2" long, 12-8 broad at
the base. — Hab. Jamaica!, Lamb., Bancr.; [Guadeloupe! and most tropical countries to
Australia, New Zealand !, and the Cape].

§ 2. Sori included between the revolute leaf-margin and an inferior, usually narrower
indusium. — Veins forked, free ( Ornithopteris , Ag.).

* Petiole with a single bundle of vessels.

131. P. scalaris , Moritz ! Subscandent, glandular-hairy ; leaf 3-2-pinnatisect : seg-
ments distant, partial pinnatipartite, ultimate small, ovate or ovate-oblong, usually blunt :
petiole pale with a single bundle of vessels ; sori continuous : indusium broad.— Hook.
Spec. t. 121. B, t. 141. C— Inferior partial segments 8"'-2"' long, 4"'-l"' broad. Hab.
Jamaica!, Macf., Wils.; [Venezuela! to Peru!].

** Petiole with many distinct bundles of vessels.

132. P. aquilina, L., var. lanuginosa, Bory. Leaf 3-pinnatisect, villous beneath
and at the rhachis : ultimate segments oblong-lanceolate, blunt, broadly adnate at the equal
base, inferior subdistant : petiole pale, with numerous bundles ; membranaceous part of the
revolutc margin ciliate, distant from the rib.— The northern form (a) is only distinguished
by the glabrous rhachis, aud the leaf pubescent or glabrous beneath. —Hab. Jamaica [ Hook .) ;
[both temperate and tropical zones, our form in warmer climates].

133 P caudata, L. Leaf 3-pinnatisect, §|iceous beneath or " glabrous :” ultimate
segments linear or linear-oblong, blunt, superior oblique at the shortly decurrent, downward
cuneate base, all usually distant, terminal elongated : rhachis glabrous : petiole pale, with
numerous bundles ; membranaceous part of the revolute margin ciliate or glabresccut, about
l as broad as the segment.-®. <.68. Plum. Ft/, t. 29,-SegmentsP' broad, variable
in length.— II ab. Jamaica!, Lambert, Wiles; [Cuba! and Mexico! to Guiana].

FILICES.

671

134. P ■ arachnoidea, Kaulf. Leaf 8-pinnatisect, sericeous or villous beneath . ulti-

mate segments oblong-linear, or oblong, blunt, actuate at the base, most abruptly produced
downward into a transversely half-elliptical or lanceolate auricle, distant : rhachis hairy :
petiole pale, with “12” bundles; membranaceous part of the revolute margin glabrous,
distant from the rib. — Segments broad, variable in length. — IIab. Jamaica

Trinidad!, Cr., heights of S. Anne; [Cuba!; Venezuela!, Guiana!, Ecuador!, Peru!,
Brazil !].

Series 2. Aspleniese. — Son dorsal, decurrent along veins, or covering the surface.

19. TiENITIS, Sw.

Sori continuous, lining the margin of the leaf, or parallel to it, confined to a special ana-
stomosis of the veinlets, naked. — Leaves narrow, entire, or forked-pinnatipartite with entire
segments.

135. T. angustifolia, R.Br. Leaf chartaceous, linear-lanceolate , entire, tapering at
both ends, glabrous : veins in sub-4-serial, narrow meshes, devoid of appendages ; sori juxta-
marginal, very little distant from the flat edge, decurrent to near the tapering leaf-base. —
Hook. Gen. t. 77. A. — Pteris, Sio. Pteropsis, Besv. — Leaf li'-4" long, 9,"-4'" broad,
“pendulous.” — Hab. Jamaica!, Macf, Pd., on rocks and trees; S. Vincent!, Guild.;
Trinidad !, Pd. ; [Cuba ! and Mexico to equat. Brazil ! ; Galapagos !].

136. T. lanceolata, R. Br. Leaf coriaceous, lanceolate, entire, undulate-flexuose,

glabrous, tapering into a short petiole : network of veins irregular, provided with appendages ;
sori lining the margin, slightly embraced by its revolute edge, confined to the upper part of
the leaf. — Plum. Fil. t. 132. Fee, Polypod. t. 8. C. — Pteris, L. Pteropsis, Besv. Neu-
rodium, W<?. — Leaf long, 12,"-6"' broad about the middle.- — -Hab. Jamaica !, Macf.,

Pd., on trees ; [Cuba ! to French islands ! ; Belize !].

137. T. furcata, W. Leaf rigid-chartaccous, distantly pin?ialiparte-3-2-fld, tapering
at the base of the narrow, fertile part, bearing scattered, appressed scales beneath, shortly
petioled, or sessile : segments and rhachis linear, or oblong-linear : veins 2-fia, usually free
(except at the fertile anastomosis) ; sori lining the margin (or transversely confluent), slightly
embraced by the revolute edge, confined to the upper part of the segments. — Plum. Fil.
t. 141. Fee, Polypod. t. 8. A. — Pteris, L. Cuspidaria, Fee. Dicrauoglossum, J. Sm. —
H'-3" high.

a. Leaf tapering into the sessile base : segments oblong-linear below the tapering summit,
8",-4"' broad.

/3. subpinnatifida, Fee. Leaf tapering into a short petiole : segments linear, 2"'-4w
broad. — Hook. Grev. Ic. t. 7.

Hab. Trinidad !, Sch., Pd., on trees ; [Cuba 1 ; Panama ! to Guiana ! and equat. Brazil].

20. VITTARIA, Sm.

Sori continuous, sunk into a groove, inserted into a special anastomosis of veinlets, either
parallel to the margin of the narrow, entire leaf, or within its duplicate margin itself. —
Veins simple between the midrib and the anastomosis of the groove : plaits along the latter
replacing an indusium.

138. V. lineata, Sw. Leaf long, rigid, obtusely costate beneath ; sori shortly distant
from the margin. — Plum. Fil. t. 143 : sori wrongly at the margin. Schk. Crypt, t. 101.
b. sin. — Pteris, L. — Leaf l'-2V long, l'"-2'" broad ; sori usually more distant from the
midrib than from the margin, rarely equidistant from both. — Hab. Jamaica !, Masson, Wils.,
Pd., common on trees ; S. Vincent !, Guild., Barbadoes !, Sw. ; [all tropical countries to
Florida and the Cape !J.

21. ANTROPIIYUM, Kaulf.

Sori continuous upon distinct parts of the network of veins, in several lines not reaching to
the base, the midrib, or the margin of the entire leaf. — Veins in a network, devoid in our
species of veinlets or appendages ; sori linear, naked, or lined with plaits.

672

FILICES.

139. A. lineatum, Kaulf. Leaf linear, tapering into the subsessile base, costate ;
sori 2-4 on each side of the midrib, parallel to it, approximate, but distinct, sunk into
grooves the grooves lined by plaits, continuous throughout the fertile part of the leaf. —
Schlc. Crypt, t. 101. b. dextr. Hook. Gen. t. 107. — Polytamium, Besv. Vittaria lanceo-
lata, Sw. — Ambiguous between Antrophyum and Vittaria, of which latter genus it has the
narrow, rectangular vein-meshes. Leaves emspitose, l'-4" long, 3",-2'" broad, acuminate,
or blunt, chartaceous. — Hab. Jamaica!, Pd.,j>n trees, S. Georges; [Cuba! and Guatemala!
to Brazil !].

140. A. lanceolatum, Kaulf. Leaf narrowly linear-lanceolate, tapering at both
ends, costate; sori superficial, chiefly along the longer sides of narrow vein-meshes, often
anastomosing , in 4-2 fiexuose series along the longitudinal diameter of the leaf. — Plum. Ml.
t. 127- C. : a rough figure, and leaf too broad. Sc/ik. Crypt, t. 6. sin.- — Hemionitis, L. —
Leaf 1V-6" long, 6,"-4",(-2"') broad.- — Hab. Jamaica!, Pd., on fallen trees ; Dominica!,
S. Vincent !, Guild., Barbadoes ! ; [Cuba ! and Mexico ! to Venezuelal and Guiana !1

22. CERATOPTERIS, Brongn.

Sori continuous, decurrent along 1-2, special, longitudinal veins, parallel to the midrib,
embraced by the revolute, membranaceous margin of the mu-row segments of the fertile leaf :
no proper iudusium. Sporangia subsessile : ring often reduced : spores globose, large, few.
—An aquatic Fern ; fertile leaf 3-4 -pinnatisect, sterile difform, membranaceous 2(-3 )-pin-
natipartite (- undivided ), with broad, lobed segments : veins areolate.

141. C. thalictroides, Brongn. — Hook. Gen. t. 12. Hook. Grev. lc. t. 97. — Acro-
stichum, L. Parkeria pteridoides and Lockhartii, Hook. Grev. — Hab. Jamaica!, Wits.,
Wiles ; S. Vincent !, Wright.; Trinidad !, Pd. ; [all tropical countries].

23. PLEUROGRAMME, Pr.

(Cochlidium and Ilymenolepis, Kaulf)

Sori continuous, lining closely the midrib, confluent transversely above it, confined to a
special anastomosis of veinlets in the upper part of the narrow leaf, often embraced by its
margin, naked. — Leaf linear, or forked.

142. P. graminoides; Pee. Leaf linear, (or 2-fid at the summit), blunt, tapering
toward the subsessile base : fertile part laterally incurved round the included narrow sonis,
with a replicate, flattish margin: veins inconspicuous. — Sw. Synops. \. f 5. Hook. Gen.
t. 84. — Asplenium, Sw. Grammitis, Sw. Cochlidium, Kaidf. Mouogramma, Besv. —
Leaf l"-2" long, V" broad, recurved. — Hab. Jamaica (Sw.), on trees, in the highest moun-
tains ; [Cuba ! to Venezuela ! and Guiana!].

143. P. linearis, Pr. Leaf linear, blunt, tapering at the subsessile base and upwards
into the base of the long, fertile part : the latter obtusely keeled above, biconvex beneath,
with the margin distant from the sorus : veins free with a thickish summit, not excurrent
into the margin; sorus as broad as each of the convex sides, which line it. — Hook. Gen. t.
72. A., 75. A. — Tamitis, Kaulf. — Leaf 6"-4" long, 2"' broad below. If" at the sorus,
fiexuose. — IIab. Dominica !, S. Vincent! ; Trinidad !, Cr. ; [Guadeloupe !].

24. BLECHNUM, L.

Sori continuous (or interrupted), decurrent along a special, longitudinal anastomosis of
veins, parallel and usually approximate to the midrib : iudusium lining the sorus at its exte-
rior side. — Veins beyond the sorus usually free.

* Leaf-pinnatipartite-pinnate.

144. B. polypodioides, Radd. Leafpinnaliparhtc, pinnatisect at the base, pinnatifid
below the entire apex, shortly pctioled : segments broadly adnate, oblong, pointed, suben-
tire, lowest short, deltoid : sinus acute : veins subdislant, most forked ; sori about half as
long as the segment, oppressed to the midrib.— Variable in size; sori unequal, superior often
wanting.— Hab. Jamaica (Pd.) ; [Haiti and Mexico to Peru! and Brazil].

FILICES.

673

145. B. occidentale, L. Leaf pinnatisect, piunatifld below the entire summit : most
segments broadly adnate, subfalcate-oblong, or oblong-lanceolate, pointed, mb entire, inferior
cordate at the base, lowest subsessile : vein9 diebotomous-simple ; son appressed to the
midrib. — SI. t. 44. f. 2. Hum. Fit. t. 62. /. B. Schk. Crypt, t. 108. B. B. cartilagi-
neum, Schk. (non Sio.). B. glandulosum, Kze. (Farnlcr. t. 85. /. 20 •— Segments 1 -3
Ion?. — Hab. Jamaica!, Pd., Wright; Dominica!, Imr., S. Vincent!, Ouild. ; [Cuba, and
Mexico ! to Brazil ! and Chile ! ; Galapagos !].

146. B. serrulatum, Rich. Leaf pinnate : leaflets oblong-linear, pointed, cuneate at
the subsessile, jointed base, serrulate, terminal as long as the middle ones : veins approxi-
mate, most simple; sori appressed to the midrib. — Schk. Crypt, t. 108.— B. angustifolium,
W. — Leaflets numerous, 2"-3"(-4") long.— Hab. Dominica !, Imr. ; Trinidad ; [Florida to
South Brazil !].

147. B. longifolium, Kth. Leaf pinnatisect, long-petioled : segments 2-h-jugal,
subdistant, lanceolate-acuminate, entire, cuneate or rounded at the sessile base, uppermost
lateral obliquely adnate, terminal elongated: veins simple, or forked; sori appressed to the
midrib. — Hook. Spec. t. 154 : a form with the segments subcordate at the base (B. gracile,
Kaulf.).— Segments 5"-8"(-2") long: in young specimens occur undivided, but fertile
leaves (Spruce, PL Beruv.). — FIab. S. Vincent !, Wright: Trinidad!, Lockh. ; [Mexico!
to Brazil !].

** Leaf %-pinnatisect.

148. B. volubile, Kaulf. High-twining; leaf 2-pinnatisect (-pinnatisect) : secondary
segments few-jugal, entire, fertile linear -lanceolate, or lanceolate, sterile lanceolate-oblong
pointleted, oblique at the petiolulated base: veins approximate, connected at the callous
margin ; son appressed to the midrib : indusium large, at length breaking up into pieces. —
Hook. Gen. t. 93. — Salpichlsena, J. Sin. — Segments 6"-12"(-16") long. — Hab. Jamaica!,
Pd. ; Dominica !, Imr. ; Trinidad !, Pd. ; [French islands ! and Venezuela ! to Brazil !].

25. LOMARIA, W.

Sori continuous between the midrib and the margin of contracted, specially transformed
leaf-segments, decurrent along a longitudinal anastomosis of veins : indusium juxtamarginal.
— Veins of the difform, sterile leaves free, often forked.

149. L. attenuata, W. Fertile leaf pinnatisect, its segments narrowly linear, sessile:
sterile pinnatipariite above, pinnatisect below, segments broadly adnate, oblong -lanceolate ,
usually subfalcate-acuminale, entire, lowest much decrescent, distant, deltoid-half-round. — ■
Metten. Fil. Lips. t. 3. f 1-6. Hook. Spec. t. 146. — Blechnum, Metten. Onoclea, Sw.
O. polypodioidcs, Sw. (Lomaria, Desv.). L. onocleoides, Spreng. — Rhizome creeping, or
high-ascending on trees : its rusty, dense palese long, linear-acuminate ; sterile leaves l'-2'
long, 2"(3"— 1'') broad, segments variable. — Hab. Jamaica (Sw.) ; Dominica (Imr.), S. Vin-
cent!, Guild.; [Cuba ! to French islands; all tropical countries],

150. Li. divergens, Kze. Fertile leaf pinnatisect, its segments linear, adnate-sessile ;
sterile pinnatipariite segments oblong, bluntisli, entire, lowest conform, not decurrent. —
Blechnum, Metten. ! L. Plumierii, Ilook. a : 1 regard L. Plumierii, Desv., as a doubtful
synonym, Plumier’s figure (Fil. t. 90 : Martinique) showing much narrower, linear-acumi-
nate sterile segments. — Rhizome aseeuding ; sterile leaves 2'-3' long, 6" broad below, seg-
ments 10"'-8'" broad, sinus narrow. — Hab. Dominica !, Imr. ; [Guadeloupe!; Venezuela!
to Brazil !].

151. li. procera, Desv. Leaf pinnatisect, coriaceous: segments of the fertile ones
linear, of the sterile oblong -linear, obliquely cordate at the base, lowest conform, usually
petiolulate ; indusium large, breaking into pieces. — Hook. Grev. Ic. t. 207. — Osmunda,
Forst. ! L. Gilliesii, Hook. Grev. — Rhizome stout, ascending-erect ; sterile leaves 2-4', seg-
ments 2"-6'' long, the latter 6"'-18"' broad, very variable.

[a. Segments serrulate.]

/3. striata, W. Segments entire below, serrulate at the narrow apex. — Sieb. Marl. 245^

y. lineala , W. Segments broad, subentire. — Onoclea, Sw.

FIab. Jamaica!, Pd., A/., Bancr. (/3, y), peaks of the Blue Mountains ; Dominical’

674

F1LICES.

Imr., S. Vincent !, Guild., high mountains ; [French islands ! ; southern temperate zone and
tropical mountains].

152. Zj. mag-ellanica, Desv. Low-arhorescent ; leaf pinnatisect, rigid-coriaceous :
segments of the fertile ones linear, of the sterile oblong -linear , rounded or cuneate at the
subsessile or adnate base, entire ; indusium large, at length lacerate. — Kze. Analect. t. 12. —
L. rufa, Spreng. L. ityani, Kaulf. — Perhaps passing into the preceding, but trunk “ 1-4'
high,” terminated by a coma of narrow, l"-lj" long, brown paleee; segments 3"-6" long,
6'"— 10"' broad. — IIab. Montserrat (Kaulf.) ; [Venezuela ! to Fuegia ; Mauritius to the
Cape!].

26. STENOCIIL.FNA, J. Sm. ( exclus . sp., non Fee).

(Lomariopsis, Fee.)

Sori covering the under side of the contracted leaflets of a pinnate leaf, except the mem-
branaceous, often revolute margin, naked : sterile leaf difform. — Leaf pinnate : veins costate,
midrib of the segments excurrent.

153. S. sorbifolia, J. Sm. Scandent, prickly below; leaflets i i-22-jugal, oblong-
lanceolate, poinlleled, cuneate at the base, serrulate, glabrous, chartaceous : rhachis mar-
gined : veins excurrent ; fertile leaflets linear, petiolulate : margin very narrow : veins free.
— Plum. Fil. t. 117. — Acrostichum, L. Onoclea, Sw. Lomaria, Kaulf. — 30-40' high,
“ clasping trees like a cable leaf l'-l 1' long : most leaflets 2" long, 6"'-8'" broad, fertile
as long, 2"' broad.— Hab. Jamaica!, Pd., At.; Montserrat, S. Vincent !, Guild.; [Cuba ! to
Brazil !].

154. S. longifolia, J. Sm. Unarmed ; leaflets 'b-b-jugal, oblong, rounded-pointleled,
cuneate at the base, serrulate-repand, glabrous, chartaceous : rhachis margined : veins ex-
current, forked and simple; fertile leaflets linear, petiolulate: margin narrow, expanded :
veins free. — SI. t. 38. Fee, Polypod. t. 1. B. f. 1. — Lomaria, Kaulf. Lomariopsis ery-
throdes, Fee. — Leaf 1' long : leaflets 3"-4" long, 1" broad, fertile 2"-3" long, 3'" broad.
— Hab. Jamaica !, I Fils. ; Dominica I, Imr. ; Trinidad !, Pd., on trees ; [French islands to
Guiana !].

155. S. japurensis, Gr. Unarmed; leaflets 5-D-jugal, large, oblong, poinlleled,
rounded-cuneate at the base, repand-entire, glabrous, chartaceous : veins excurreut into the
slightly thickened margin, most simple, few-forked ; fertile leaflets long, lineal1, petiolulate :
margin very narrow : veins connected by an intramarginal arch. — Mart. Crypt. Bras. t.
24. — Acrostichum, Mart. A. phlebodes, Kze. ! in PI. Kegel. (Lomariopsis, Fee). — Leaf
H'-3' long : leaflets 6"-4" long, 2" -If broad, fertile 6" long, 4'" broad. — Hab. Trinidad !,
Pd., in woods, on trees, Arima ; [Guiana!, Brazil],

27. GYMNOPTERJS, Bernh.

Sori covering the under side of the flat segments of a pinnatisect leaf, naked : sterile leaf
difform. — Sterile leaf large, pinnatisect, or pinnatifid : veinlets in a network, midrib of the
segments excurrent.

156. G. aliena, Pr. Leaf pinnatisect below, pinnatifid at the deltoid summit, mem-
branaceous, glabrous: segments oblong-lanceolate, acuminate, inferior pinnatifid or coarsely
crenate-serrate, lobes and serratures upward decrescent : vein-meshes with a simple (or no)
appendages ; fertile segments lanceolate, inferior often sinuate below, superior entire. —
Plum. Fil. t. 10. / look. Gen. t. 85.— Acrostichum, Sw.— li'-3' high; lowest segments
6"— 4"(-8") long, 2"-l" broad, shortly petiolulate : lowest inferior lobe exceeding the rest ;
fertile segments 3"-l" long, 6",-3'"(-8'") broad at the base.

a. Lowest segments pinnatifid : most meshes with interior, simple appendages.

/3. Purdicei. Lowest segments creuate serrate : most meshes devoid of appendages.

Hab. Jamaica!, Pd., Wils. (/3), in moist woods, S. James, Mauchioueal ; Trinidad !,
Lockh. (a). ; [Cuba! and Mexico ! to Ecuador! and Guiana!].

157. G. nicotianifolia, Pr. Leaf pinnatisect , chartaceous, glabrous : segments 2-4-
jugal, large, elliptical-oblong, poiutleted, repand-entire, terminal elliptical : meshes betweeu
the pinnate veins with branched appendages ; fertile segments oblong, or oblong-lauccolnte.

FILICES.

675

obliquely pointed.— Plum. Fil. t. 115.— Acrostichum, Sw. G. acuminata, Pr.— Leaf 3' 4'
long : segments 8"-10" long, 3", uppermost 5" broad, fertile 4"-3" long, 12,,'-6m broad. —
Hab. Jamaica !, Wils., Pd., Bancr., in moist woods, Manchester ! [Cuba ! to French
islands !].

28. CHRYS ODIUM, Fee.

Sori covering the under side of the upper, flat segments of a pinnatisect leaf, naked : in-
ferior segments sterile, conform. — Stout Ferns; veins in a network , midrib almost excur-
rent.

158. C. vulgare. Fee. Leaf coriaceous, glabrous : segments oblong-lanceolate, or oblong-
linear, blunt, or bluntish, cuneate at the base, entire: network of veins simple. — Plum. Fil.
t. 104. Schk. Crypt, t. 1, 1 . b. — Acrostichum aureum, L. — 8'-10' high : segments 6"-12"
long, l"-2" broad. — Hab. Jamaica !, Wils., in marshes and bogs : [all tropical countries
and a little beyond their borders to Florida, Natal, Hongkong].

29. RHIPIDOPTERIS, Schott.

Sori covering the under side within the margin of a palmatinerved, roundish-emarginate
(or 3-lobed) leaf-blade, naked : sterile leaf difform, palmatipartite (rarely palmatinerved-
subentire). — All leaf-ribs dichotomous, free.

159. R. peltata, Schott. Sterile leaf several times dichotomously palmatipartite :
segments liuear, ultimate short, pointed, 1-nerved, veinless : petiole slender ; fertile blade
reniform : sterile margin crenulate. — Plum. Fil. t. 50. a. — Rhizome filiform, creeping ;
leaves scattered, sterile about 1", fertile 4",-3," broad : petiole 2"-l” long. — Hab. Ja-
maica!, Pd., on trees and rocks, S. Georges; Dominical, Imr. ; [Cuba! and Mexico! to
Guiana 1 and Peru !].

30. ACROSTICHUM, L.

Sori covering the under side of a flat, entire, leaf-blade, naked : sterile leaf nearly con-
form.— Midrib in our species tapering, or disappearing at the summit: petiole mostly
jointed at the base.

* Veins in a simple, narrow network (Hymenodium, Fee).

160. A. crinitum, L. Leaf elliptical, blunt, or bluntish, quite entire, long-petioled,
chartaceous, blackish- ciliate and -pilose : bristles long, dilated at the blade, crowded along
the petiole and margin, scattered on the surface : veins in a simple network ; fertile blade
conform, but smaller. — Plum. Fil. t. 125. Hook. Grev. Ic. t. 1. — Blade 15"-3", petiole
12"-3" long. — Hab. Jamaica!, Pd., on rocks, in shady woods, S. Georges; Dominica!,
Imr., S. Vincent!, Guild. ; [Cuba ! to French islands !, on trees].

** Veins simple, or forked, nearly parallel, free, rarely connected by a single marginal

arch (Elaphoglossum, Schott).
f Leaf ciliate with rusty bristles.

161. A. villosum, Sw. Leaf lanceolate-oblong , with a bluntish point, undulate-re-
pand, or subentire, petioled, chartaceous, rusty -ciliate and -pilose : bristles dilated at the
base, crowded along the thin margin, scattered on the surface : veins simple and forked,
free-excurrent ; fertile blade lauceolate, pointed. — Plum. Fil. t. 127, med. inf. Hook. Grev.
Ic. t. 95. — A. undidatum, Kaulf. {ex Sieb. Mart. 346). A. Moritziauum, Eat. PI. Wr.
1046: non Kl.). — Sterile blade 8"-4" long, 1£"-1" broad, fertile 3"-2" long, 8"' broad :
petiole 4"-2"(-l 0") long, rusty with crowded (or scattered) bristles. — Hab. Jamaica!, Pd.,
Bancr. ; Dominica !, Imr. ; [Cuba ! to French islands !, Venezuela !, Ecuador !].

162. A. apodum, Kaulf. Leaf lanceolate , shortly acuminate, with a bluntish point,
repand or quite entire, long-tapering into the subsessile base, chartaceous, rusty-ciliate and
pilose, or glabresceut : veins forked, or simple, excurrent into the thickish margin; fertile
blade linear-lanceolate, pointed.— Hook. Grev. Ic. t. 99.— Sterile leaf 1^-8" long, H"-l"
broad, fertile shorter, 5"'-6'" broad.— Hab. Jamaica!, Macf, Pd., iu woods uear Bath ;
Montserrat, S. Vincent 1, Guild.; [Cuba !, to equal. Brazil !].

676

FILICES.

ft Leaf densely rusty -paleaceous.

163. A. muscosum, Sw. Leaf lanceolate-oblong , blunt, quite entire, cuneate at the
Imse, supported by a slender, scaly petiole, coriaceous, glabrescent above, rusty -lepidote by
dense, oppressed scales beneath : scales lanceolate-acuminate, or ovate, shortly ciliate : leaf-
margin thickish ; fertile blade linear, tapering into along petiole. — Schlc. Crypt, t. 1 ,b. sin.
- — A. squamosum, Sch/c. ( non Sw.) A. Langsdorfii, Hook. Grev. (Ic. t. 164), and A. ru-
fescens, Liebvi., are probably two forms slightly disagreeing from our Jamaica form. — Sterile
blade 5"-3" broad, 1|"-1" long : scales of the upper side scattered, disappearing, ; fertile
blade about 6" broad, 8"' long : petiole of the former 2"-3", of the latter 6"-8" long. —
Hab. Jamaica !, Bancr. ; Dominica!, Imr. ; [Haiti! and Mexico! to Brazil!: the above
quoted synonyms].

164. A. vestitum, Schlecht. Leaf lanceolate-linear, bluntisli, quite entire, tapering
into the slender, scaly petiole, coriaceous, glabrescent above, rusty-lepidote by dense, ap-
pressed scales beneath : scales lanceolate-acuminate, shortly ciliate : leaf-margin thickish ;
fertile blade linear, bluntish at both ends, long-petioled.— Plum. Fit. t. 13S. Marl. Gal.
Fit. Mex. t. 3./. 2. — A. fulvum, Mart. Gal. A polylepis, Kze. — Sterile blade 6"-l' long,
8"'-10'" broad, fertile 4" long, 6"' broad : petiole of the former 2"-6", of the latter 5"-8"
long. — Hab. Jamaica!, Macf, Al., on trees, Blue Mountains ; [Mexico to Brazil].

165. A. squamosum, Sic. Leaf linear-lanceolate, bluntish, or pointleted, quite
entire, tapering into the short petiole, chartaceous, ciliate and rusty-paleaceous on both sides :
scales spreading and crowded along the petiole and the thinleaf-margin,fo«^-«A7iA? with spread-
ing, pectinate bristles, linear- or lanceolate-acuminate along the petiole and on the under side
of the blade, passing into pinnatisect bristles on the upper side and often at the margin ;
fertile blade linear, acuminate at both ends. — The longer petiole in Swartz’s description I
regard as an unusual state of a larger form : A. paleaceum, Hook. Grev. (Ic. t. 235 : A. ves-
titum, Lowe), the Madeira Fern reduced to the Jamaica species by Swartz, is distinguished
bya broader leaf, and the scales mostly broader ; but A. squamosum, PI. Spruce, 7185, is in
some respects intermediate, though peculiar in certain, perhaps individual characters from
both. — Sterile blade in our single Jamaica specimen 6"-8" long, 8"' broad, fertile 4" long,
4'" broad, petiole in both 2"-l" long.— -Hab. Jamaica !, Pd., S. Georges, near Springhill ;
[Brazil ! and Madeira : the above quoted synonyms].

-j-+f Leaf glabrous, or little paleaceous.

1 66. A. viscosum, Sw. Leaf lanceolate-linear, or linear, acuminate, quite entire,
tapering into the slender petiole, rigid-cliartaceous , with minute, scattered scales on both
sides, or glabrescent : veins excurrent into the thin, revolute margin : petiole scaly ; fertile
blade linear, tapering at both ends. — Hoolc. Grev. Ic. t. 61. Plum. Fil. t. 129?: quoted
doubtfully by Swartz on account of not excurrent veins, and there exists really a nearly
related Pern {A. simplex, PI. Spruce. 2187 and 5320, non Sw., allied to A. scolopendrifolium,
Badd.), in which the veins are terminated with a thickish summit, a little distantly from the
thin margin. — A. petiolatum, Sw. — Sterile blade 6”— S,,(-12,0 long, 4,,,-9,,,(-12w) broad,
fertile 4"-6" long, 2"'-5'" broad. — Hab. Jamaica !, Macf, Pd., common ; Dominica !, S.
Vincent!, Guild.; [Cuba ! to Brazil ! ; East Indies 1],

167. A. simplex, Sw. Leaf lanceolate, or linear-lanceolate, bluntish at the tapering
point, and tapering into the shorter petiole, quite entire, coriaceous, glabrous, or with a few
minute scales : veins excurrent within the thickish, revolute margin into a special anasto-
mosing arch : petiole glabrescent ; fertile blade linear- lanceolate, tapering into the petiole.——
Hook. Gen. t. 105. A.— Swartz described an extreme, shortly petioled form, agreeing with
one of our Jamaica specimens, but from the same locality a much larger, and appaiently
identical form was sent: the latter is the same with PI. Wright. Cub. 9/0, and agiees with
Bauer’s figure quoted above. A. martinicense, Desv. (Eat.), though much receding m habit
bv linear, or lanceolate-linear 3'"-6"' broad leaves, shows the same structure of veins and
thick-leathery texture, and from certain, intermediate forms and from the general variability
of the leaf-shape in Acrosliclmm, it may perhaps be a variety only much diffused on the
Continent. — Sterile blade 4"-12" long, 9"'-18'" broad, fertile 5"-8" long, 4'"-8"' broad,
petiole of the former l"-4", of the latter 3"-6" long.— Hab. Jamaica !, Pd., on decayed trees,

FILICES.

677

S. Georges : Trinidad !, Or. ; [Cuba ! to Brazil ! ; A. marlinicense, Desv. : French islands 1
and Mexico ! to Brazil !].

168. A. latifolium, Sw. Leaf lanceolate-oblong, pointed, cuneate at the base, quite
entire, much longer than the petiole, rigid-chartaceous, glaucescent, glabrescent with distant,
minute scales : veins excurrent into the thickish, narrow margin : petiole glabrescent ; fer-
tile blade oblong-lanceolate (or ovate), bluntish, cuneate at the base. — Plum. Fit. t. 135.
— A. longifolium, Jacq. A. alismifolium, Eat. PI. Wr. 966, 969. — Sterile blade 12,,~4"
long, l5"(2"-l") broad, fertile 4"(-l") long, 1" broad, petiole of both 6"'-l|" long. — IIab.
Jamaica!, Macf, Pd., on trees, S. Georges; Dominica!, Imr., S. Vincent!, Guild.;
[Cuba ! and Mexico ! to Brazil ! and Peru !].

169. A. Schomburgkii, Fee {ex Kze. in PI. Kegel. /). Leaf elliptical, or elliptical-
oblong, bluntish at the contracted summit, tapering into the short petiole, quite entire, rigid-
chartaceous, glabrous, or with a few minute scales : veins excurrent into the thickish narrow
margin, thickish below the delicate summit : petiole scaly, or glabrescent ; fertile blade
lanceolate-oblong, pointed. — Sterile blade 12"-6" long, Z"-2f broad, fertile 4,,-7,/ long,
l"-2" broad, petiole of the former l"-2", of the latter 2"-5" long. — Hab. Trinidad !, Pel.,
in woods, Arirna; [Guiana !, on trees],

170. A. conforme, Sw. Leaf small, ovate-oblong , or lanceolate-oblong, pointed, con-
tracted at the base, about as long as the petiole, repand-entire, coriaceous, glabrous, or
with a few, minute scales : veins excurrent into the thickish, narrow margin : petiole glabres-
cent ; fertile blade oblong, bluntish at both ends.— Sw. Sgnops. t. \.f. 1. — Sterile blade 2"-Z"
(— 1,/) long, 10"'-12,"(-6",) broad, fertile 2,'-4"(-l") long, 10",-6",(-4w) broad, petiole of
the former 4"-2"(-l"), of the latter 4t"-2'\-li") long.— Hab. Jamaica!, Pd., Wits., on de-
cayed trees, S. Georges ; Dominica !, Imr., on Mount Conliabon ; [Mexico ! to Brazil ! S.
Helena !, Tristan d’Acunha !, Cape !, East Indies !].

171. A. Feei, Borg. Leaf small, lanceolate, blunt, tapenng into the slender petiole,
sinuate-crenate above, chartaceous , glabrous : veins distant, forked, terminated at a small
distance from the thin or narrowly revolute margin : petiole few-scaly ; fertile blade shorter
than its petiole, lanceolate, or oblong, bluntish. — Rhizome filiform, with scattered leaves;
sterile blade 1" long, 3m-4'" broad, fertile 8W-5W long, 2'" broad, petiole of the former
gm_g///, 0f the latter V'-J f long. — Hab. Dominica !, Imr., on Mount Conliabon ! ; [Gua-
deloupe !].

31. POLYBOTRYA, Humb. Bonpl.

Sori on veiny, confluent receptacles, covering the under side or both sides of the contracted
leaf-segments, naked : sterile leaf difform. — Stout Ferns; leaf in our species 2-3-pinnatisect,
and veinlets free.

172. P. caudata, Kze. Leaf 2-pinnatisect below, pinnatisect above, glabrous, charta-
ceous : primary segments oblong-lanceolate, passing gradually upward from a pinnatisect or
pinnatifid division into serrulate, acuminate apices : secondary segments and lobes obliquely
pointed: veinlets forked, and simple, excurrent; fertile leaf 2-pinnatisect : segments fertile
on both sides. — Lowest primaiy segments about 8" long, secondary 2"-l" long, 6"' broad,
lower secondary fertile ones 2" long. — Hab. Trinidad !, Pd., Woodford, on trees ; [Mexico 1
to Guiana ! and Brazil !].

173. P. osmundacea, Plumb. Bonpl. Leaf Z-pinnatisect, glabrous, chartaceous :
secondary segments oblong-lanceolate, acuminate, ultimate obtusely serrate, bluntish : vein-
lets simple (or forked), not excurrcnt ; fertile leaf 3-pinnatisect : segments fertile on the
under side, but often confluent above by the contraction of the segment. — Kook. Gen. t. 78.
B. : analyt. P. cylindrica, Kaulf. : the state with the sori confluent above. — Lower se-
condary segments 4"-8" long, tertiary 1" long, 4'"-6"' broad, lower tertiary fertile ones 1"'

01Ijv Jama>ca!, Miles, Al., Pd., near Fox’s Gap, “twining up the trees;” [Cuba 1

to Brazil !]. 01

32. OLFERSIA, Badd.

Sori covering both sides of the contracted segments of a 2-pinnatisect leaf, naked : sterile

G78

FILICES.

leaf difform, pinnatisect. — A glabrous Fern ; segments large : veins coslate, connected by a
juxtamarginal arch.

174. O. cervina, Kze. — Plum. Fil. t. 154: fertile segments too large. Hook. Grev.
Ic. t. 81. — Osinnnda, L. Acrosticbum, Sw. Polybotrya, Kaulf. — l|'-3' high: sterile
segments rigid-chartaceous, 4-8-jugal, oblong-lanceolate, pointleted, or acuminate, oblique at
the base, entire, most 6"-9" long, 2" broad, fertile usually 3" long, secondary 3" long, 1"
broad. — Hab. Jamaica !, Bancr., Pd., in woods ; Dominica !, Imr., S. Vincent !, Guild. ;
Trinidad !, Pd., on rocks ; [Cuba 1 and Mexico ! to South Brazil !].

33. LOMAGRAMME, J. Sm.

Sori covering two broad, longitudinal bauds on the under side of contracted leaf-seg-
ments or leaflets, leaviug free a space along the midrib and the revolute margin, naked :
sterile leaf difform. — Leaf pinnatisect, or pinnate : veins anastomosing.

175. L. prsestantissima, Gr. Leaf pinnatisect, glabrous, chartaceous : segments

4-7 -jugal, oblong-lanceolate, acuminate, cuneate at the base, repand-entire, revolute at the
margin, superior shortly decurrent : veins in a simple network ; fertile segments long, linear :
free spaces along the midrib and margin narrow.- — -Neurocallis, Fee. — Inferior segments l1
long, broad, superior decrescent, fertile about 3" long, 5,,,-4',, broad. — Hab. Domi-

nica !, Imr. ; [Guadeloupe].

34. ANETIUM, Splitg.

Sori scattered on the network of veins and the meshes of the entire leaf, naked. — Leaves
conform : veins in a simple network : petiole jointed at the base ; sori forming distinct dots,
or confluent.

176. A. citrifolium, Splitg. — Plum. Til. t. 116. — Acrostichum, L. Antrophyum,

Fee. — Rhizome creeping, densely paleaceous ; leaves scattered, chartaceous, lanceolate-oh-
long, or elliptical, pointed, 1 — 5 long, V broad, tapering into a short petiole : mid-

rib disappearing above. — Hab. Jamaica !, Pd., Wits., on palm-trees ; S. Vincent !, Guild. ;
Trinidad!, Lockh. ; [Portorico ! to French islands ! ; Guiana ! to Brazil!].

35. HEMIONITIS, I.

Sori reticulated, continuous upon the whole loose network of veins, naked. — Leaf cordate,
entire, or palmatifid.

177. H. palmata, L. Leaves pilose, chiefly at the margin, fertile cordate-v-lobed,
much shorter than the slender petiole, sterile 3-5-lobed, shorter petioled : lobes ovate, obtusely
serrate, in the former produced into a deltoid point, in the latter blunt. — Plum. Fit. t. 151.
— Fertile leaf 4,,-2w diam. : petiole 6"-S" long. — Hab. Jamaica !, Pd. ; Dominica !, Imr. ;
Trinidad !, Lockh., Cr., Sch. ; [Cuba ! to French islands ! ; Mexico ! to Peru !].

36. GYMNOGRAMME, Besv.

Sori continuous, covering oblique, branched veins, at length often confluent, naked. — Leaf
mostly divided : veins free in our species, or nearly so.

* Leaf-segments entire : petiole valid.

178. G. rufa, Besv. Rusty -pilose ; leaf pinnatisect: segments distant, nearly hori-

zontal, ovate-oblong , pointed, entire, shortly petiolulate : veins tlabellate-2-3-forked (and
simple); sori dense, distinct— SI. t. 45./. 1. Settle. Crypt, t. 21. sin.— Acrostichum, L.
Hemionitis, Sw — 1'-1V high ; segments at length deciduous from the persistent petiolulc,
2"-l" long, 10"'-6'" broad.— IIab. Jamaica I, Harm., Wits., in dry, hot plains ; [Cuba!
and Guatemala ! to Brazil !].

179. G. trifoliata, Besv. Glabrous, paleaceous below; leaf pinnatisect: segments
chartaceous, spreadiug-crect, shortly petiolulate, or superior sub3cssile, 3 -sect, or uppermost
undivided, special ones linear, acuminate, entire, white-powdery beneath : veins flabcllato-

FILICES.

679

3-forkcd : petiole stout; sori confluent. — SI. t. 45./. 2. Plum. Fil. 1. 144.— Acrostichum,
L. — 2'-4' high ; petiole shining-purple ; special segments 4>"-2§ long, 4-3 broad.—
Hab. Jamaica !, Mac/., Pd., Al., on river-sides ; [Cuba ! and Mexico to Peru ! and
Brazil !].

** Leaf-segments pinnatipartite : petiole slender .

•f* Leaf yellow- or white-powdery beneath, glabrous.

180. G. tartarea, Desv. Leaf cbartaceous, white-powdery beneath, pinnatisect : seg-
ments pinnatipartite, secondary subcontiguous, shortly decurrent, spreading, ovate-oblong,
or ovate, bluntish, entire, crenate, or lower crenate-pinnatifid : veins flabellate-dichotomous ;
sori confluent. — Acrostichum, Sw. Hemionitis dealbata, W. — V-2' high ; petiole black-
shining : blade 4" broad at the base. — Hab. Jamaica ! ; Dominica \,Imr. ; [French islands !,
Mexico to Peru !].

181. G. ornithopteris, Kl. Leaf rigid-chartaceous, white- (or yellowish-) powdery
beneath, 2 -pinnati-pinnatisect : segments usually produced into a narrow, bluntish, suben-
tire or less divided appendage, secondary distant, nearly horizontal, adnate, oblong, blunt ,
entire or crenate, revolute at the margin, upward decrescent, lower usually pinnatipartite
with' short, contiguous, tertiary segments : veins flabellate-dichotomous ; sori confluent. -
G. calomelanos. Eat. PI. Wr. 777 (including a yellowish-coloured variety) ; Schlechtend.
PI. Scliied. and Mett. PI. Lechl. 2027. G. dealbato-calomelanos, Begel ! ( non G. distans, Lie.).
Allosorus farinosus, Kze. (Farn/cr. t. 103) : a less divided form with a paler petiole (PI.
Lechl. 2022). — 1^-4' high; petiole usually purple : blade 6"-12" broad at the base. —
Hab. Jamaica !, S. Vincent ! ; [Cuba ! and Mexico ! to Peru !].

182. G. calomelanos, Kaulf. Leaf rigid-chartaceous, white- (or yellow-) powdery
beneath, 2 -pinnati-pinnatisect : segments acuminate, secondary shortly decurrent, spread-
ing, most serrate-pinnatifid with acute serratures or lobes, lanceolate or o' ate-oblong, lower
often pinnatipartite : veins flabellate-dichotomous: sori confluent. — SI. t. 30./. 2. 53./. 1.
Plum. Fil. t. 40. Sclik. Crypt, t. 5. sup. — Acrostichum, A. A. ebeneum, L. G. Marteusii,
Bory : the yellow-coloured variety ( Wr. Cub. 975). — 1'-4' high; petiole black or purple :
blade 3"-8" broad at the base. — Hab. Jamaica!, Wils.j [Cuba to French islauds !, Sieb.
Mart. 236 ; Mexico ! to Brazil !].

183. G. chrysophylla, Kaulf. Leaf rigid-chartaceous, golden-yellow- (or white-)
powdery beneath, 2 -pinnati-pinnatisect : segments bluntish at the tapering point, secondary
subcontiguous, shortly decurrent, spreading, ovate or ovate-oblong, most serrate-pinnatifid
with blunt serratures or lobes, lower pinnatipartite : veins flabellate-dichotomous ; sori con-
fluent.— Plum. Fil. t. 44. — Acrostichum, Sw. G. peruviana, Desv. (Kze. Farn/cr. t. 32) :
the white-coloured variety. G. L’Herminieri, Kze. : a form with ovate-oblong segments and
less blunt lobes (Sieb. Mart. 237). — l'-l/ high; petiole purple-shining : blade 8"-3"
broad at the base. — Hab. Jamaica (Kaulf.) ; Dominica!, Irnr. ; [Haiti to French islands !,
Mexico to Brazil ! and Peru !].

184. G. sulfurea, Desv. Leaf membranaceous-chartaceous, pale-yellow-powdery be-
neath, 2 -pinnatisect : secondary segments decurrcnt, lowest pinnatipartite with few divisions,
ultimate obovate, cuneate at the base, palmatifid or dentate at the subtruncate summit, with
the teeth or lobes usually pointed : veins flabellate-dichotomous ; sori confluent. — Settle.
Crypt, t. 4. dextr. — Acrostichum, Sw. — l'-(L/-C") high ; petiole purple or pale : blade
2" broad at the base. — Hab. Jamaica !, Pd., Al., Hartw., on wet, shady banks; [Cuba!].

tt Leaves devoid of powdery secretions beneath, glabrous.

185. G. chaerophylla, Desv. Leaf membranaceous, glabrous, ^-pinnatisect tertiary

segments pinnatipartite-palmatifld, cuneate at the base, ultimate oblong, pointed or bluntish :
veins dichotomous, branches single in each ultimate segment or lobe ; sori usually forked,
with the branches diverging.— Hoolc. Grev. Ic. t. 45.— G. leptophylla, Eat. PI. Wr. (non
Desv.). — Delicate, 3,,-10" high; ultimate segments broad, the longer V"— 1VH long.

— Hab. Jamaica!, Pd.; [Cuba ! to Buenos Ayres !].

680

FILICES.

37. ASPLENIUM, L.

Sori lining oblique veins above tbeir base and below their summit : indusium lateral, in-
serted into the fertile vein , and dec.urrent alone/ it. — Veins usually free.

A. Purdicei, Hook., is to be excluded from the West Indian Flora: from the date of
his label it results, that this Fern was collected in Venezuela.

Sect. 1. Euasplenium. — Sori linear or oblong (-half-oval), most single.

§ 1. Veins costate, 2 -partite-simple or anastomosing beyond the sorus.

186. A. s erratum, L. Leaf lanceolate-oblong , serrulate or subentire : midrib keeled be-
neath : veins 2-partite (-simple) : branches parallel, free, terminated near the margin with
a thickened summit (rarely a few anastomosing) : petiole stout, pale; sori linear, produced
to near the midrib, distant from the margin. — Plum. Fil. t. 1 24. Schk. Crypt, t. 64. —
Leaves clustered, rigid, l'-3' long, 2"-4" (-1" hroad. — Hab. Jamaica {Sw.) ; S. Vincent!,
Guild., on trees, rare, in the mountains ; [Cuba ! to Brazil ! ; Pacific islands].

187. A. marginatum, L. Leaf pinnatisect : segments large, oblong-lanceolate, sub-
entire, subcordate at the base : midrib rounded beneath : veins 2-partite or simple, branches
parallel, areolate beyond the sorus, and connected by a juxtamarginal arch : petiole long,
pale ; sori linear, often produced to near the midrib. — Plum. Fil. t. 106.. — Ilemidictyon, Pr.
— 4'-8' high, submembranaceous ; segments l'-lf long, 3"-4" broad, distantly sessile. —
IIab. Jamaica !, Pd. ; S. Vincent !, Guild. ; Trinidad (/. Sm.) ; [Cuba ! to French islands !,
Sieb. Mart. 248 ; Panama ! to Peru ! and Brazil !].

§ 2. Most veins forlced or dichotomous.

* Leaf pinnalisect ; indusium glabrous.
t Sori distant from the midrib, diverging ; leaf herbaceous.

188. A. salicifolium, Sw. {ex Kze., Mett., Hoolc., non L.). Leaf pinnatisect : seg-
ments lanceolate-acuminate, remotely serrulate or entire, upward produced and obliquely
cuneate at the base, lowest conform : rachis flattish, wingless : veins dichotomous, branches
terminated near the margin with an equal, slender summit : petiole pale ; sori linear, in-
termediate between the margin and midrib. — Mettcn. Asplen. t. 4. f. 14 : a segment. — I
exclude Linnaeus's synonym, as Plunder's figure (t. 60) is distinguished by the sori pro-
duced to near the midrib, as in A. erosum. Hook. — A. integerrimum, Spreng. A. Kapple-
rianum, Kze. ! — Segments 3"-6" long, 8,"-12,"(-6w) broad; sori 8"'-6"' long. — Hab.
Jamaica {Sio.) ; [Cuba ! to Portorico ; Pauama ! to Brazil !].

189. A. cultrifolium, L. Leaf pinnatisect : segments lanceolate-acuminate, serrate
or crenate-serrate, upward auricled or produced, and dimidiate-truncate at the base, lowest
conform : rhachis margined : veins dichotomous, branches terminated near the margin with
a thickened summit : petiole pale or becoming broivn ; sori linear , distant from the midrib
and more so from the margin.— Plum. Fit. t. 59. — Segments variable, thickish in dry,
flaccid in moist situations, 3''-l" long, 6'" broad above the auricle.

a. Segments flaccid-herbaceous, with a deltoid auricle : petiole becoming brown or black.
— A. riparium, Liebm. ex Hoolc. Spec. t. 169./. 1-3. A. nnriculatum, Eat. PI. Wr. 1026.

/3. auriculatum, Sw., Hook. 1 Segments firm-herbaceous, with a large, roundish auricle :
petiole pale or tardily becoming pale-brown. — Hook. Spec. t. 171. — A. cultrifolium, Sieb.
Mart. 365 (A. salicifolium, Kaulf). A. falx, Desv., Kze. I A. semicordatum, Radd.
A. gibbosum. Fee.

y. Moorianum. Segments firm-berbaceous, upwards angled at the base or nearly devoid
of an auricle : petiole becoming brown below. — A. cultrifolium, Hook. ! (Diplazium, Moore.').
— Leaf often pinnatifid at the summit.

IIab. Jamaica!, Wright (7); Dominical, Imr. {&), S. Vincent!, Guild. (/3) ; Trinidad!,
Pr. (7) ! [Cuba ! and Mexico ! to Brazil !].

A. sanguinolentum, Kze. (syn. A. anisophyllum, var. amcricanum, Eat. PI. Wr. Cub.
845), distinguished from A. cultrifolium, L., by oblong (3"' long) sori, tumid indusia, and
the segments oblique at the base, but devoid of large auricles, grows probably in the British
islands, as it occurs in Cuba 1 and iu Venezuela ! {A. salicifolium, Moritz !].

FILICES.

6S1

190. A. firmum, Kze. Leaf pinnatisect : segments lanceolate or oblong, bluntish at
the tapering point, duplicato-crenate-serrulate, dimidiate-cuneate (rarely auricled-truncate)
at the base, lowest conform : rhachis margined: veins forked, inferior dichotomous, branches
terminated near the margin with a slightly thickened summit : petiole gale ; sori linear,
distant from the midrib and more so from the margin. — Hook. Spec. t. 174. — A. abscis-
sum, El.!, Metten.l, TP. {ex parte). — Little distinct from the' preceding by bluntish seg-
ments ; segments 2"-l" long, 6'" broad ; sori 2"'- TV" long. — LIab. J amaica !, Pd.-, [Cuba !
to French islands ; Mexico ! to Brazil !].

191. A. lsetum, Sw. Leaf pinnatisect : segments trapezoid-oblong, blunt or bluntish

at the summit , duplicato-crenate-serrate along the upper margin and round the summit,
dimidiate-truncate and upwards angled or slightly auricled at the base, lowest conform:
rhachis margined : veins forked and simple, lowest dichotomous, branches terminated near
the base of the serratures with a thickened summit : petiole purple ; sori linear, interme-
diate between the midrib and the margin. — Schlc. Crypt, t. 70. Hook. Spec. t. 173. —
A. abscissum, Paid, {ex PI. Spruce.), TV. {ex parte). A. Schkuhrianum, Pr. — Segments
1"-1 i" long, broad at the base; sori long. — Hab. Jamaica!, Wits.; Domi-

nica !, Sieb., Imr., S. Vincent !, Guild. ; Trinidad !, Or. ; [Cuba ! to French islands ! ;
Mexico ! to Brazil !].

192. A. obtusifolium, L. Leaf pinnatisect: segments oblong or oblong-lanceolate,
bluntish, serrate, upward produced or auricled and dimidiate-truncate at the base, lowest
conform : rhachis flattisli, broader near the base of the segments : veins dichotomous or
forked, branches almost excurrent into the serratures with a thickened summit : petiole
brown; son linear, intermediate between the midrib and margin. — Plum. Fil. t. 67. Hook.
Grev. Ic. t. 239. Hook. Spec. t. 169. f: 4. — Segments nigrescent, 2"-l" long, S'^-IO'"
broad above the amide ; sori 4"'-3'" long. — Hab. Dominica !, Imr., in moist places ;
[French islands !, Sieb. Mart. 363 ; Mexico to New Granada! and Brazil].

193. A. alatum, Kth. Leaf pinnatisect : segments oblong or ovate-oblong, bluntish,

appressed-serrate or duplicato-serrate, contracted at the oblique or subequal, rounded base,
lowest shorter: rhachis winged : wing decurrent along the pale or rusty petiole: veins
forked, terminated within the serratures with a slightly thickened summit ; sori linear, dis-
tant from the midrib and more so from the margin.- — Hook. Grev. Ic. t. 137. — Segments
1"-1|" long, 4,"-8'" broad, superior gradually decrescent; sori long. — Hab.

Jamaica !, Macf, Pd., Bancr. ; S. Vincent !, Guild. ; [Venezuela ! to Brazil !].

194. A. marinum, L. Leaf pinnatisect : segments oblong (-ovate) or oblong -lanceo-
late, blunt or bluntish, serrate or duplicato-serrate, truncate at the upper, cuneate at the lower
side of the base, lowest shorter : rhachis margined, winged above : veins forked, terminated
near the base of the serratures with a thickened summit : petiole shining -purple or black ;
sori oblong, intermediate between the midrib and margin : indusium tapering at the extre-
mities.— SI. t. 33./. 1. Sch/c. Crypt, t. 68. inf. — Segments 8"'-14m long, 4'" broad at the
base ; sori 2'"-l"' long. — Hab. Jamaica {SI.), on the rocky coast near Bath ; S. Vincent
{Hook.) ; [coasts of the Atlantic from Orkney islands to S. Helena, and New Brunswick to
South Brazil].

195. A. luxmlatum, Sw., Kze. Leaf pinnatisect : segments numerous, oblong, blunt,
crenate-teretc along the upper margin and round the summit, dimidiate-truncate at the
base, lowest shorter : rhachis sv.bterete, narrowly winged -. veins forked and simple, lowest
dichotomous, branches terminated near the base of the serratures : petiole pale or pale-
purple, margined ; sori linear, intermediate between the midrib and margin : indusium
rounded at the extremities. — Badd. Fil. Bras. t. 51. f. 1. — A. erectum, Borg, Hook., Bat.
PI. IFr . {non Metten). A. brasiliense, Rudd. — Segments 7"'-10"' long, 2"'-4'" broad ;
sori 2'" loDg.— Hab. S. Vincent!, Guild. ; [Cuba! to Brazil! ; East Indies to the Cape],

196. A. harpeodes, Kze. Leaf pinnatisect: segments numerous , oblong -lanceolate,
acuminate , serrate, dimidiate-truncate at the base, lowest shorter : rhachis subterete, mar-
gined : veins forked, lowest dichotomous, branches terminated within the serratures: petiole
purple, margined ; sori linear, little distant from the midrib and more so from the margin .
Hook. Spec. t. 178. A. erectum, Metten. / A. erectum, y, Hook. — Segments 8,,'-14,,,
long, 3 '"-5"' broad; sori 2'" long.— IIab. Jamaica!, Macf, Pd., Wils. ; [Mexico! to
Peru 1 ; trop. Africa to the Cape !, Australia).

682

FILICES.

ft Sori Jlabellate : no midrib ; leaf coriaceous.

197. A. dimidiatum, Sw. Leaf pinnatisect, coriaceous : segments rhomboid or rhom-
boid-oblong, irregularly serrate at tlie upper margin, incised or unequally 2 fid at the acu-
minate summit, obliquely cuneate at the dimidiate base, lowest conform : rhachis flaltish,
convex beneath : no midrib : veins Jlabellate, narrowly dichotomous : petiole blackish ;
sori linear, radiating, unequal in length and distance from the base.— Kze. Farnlcr. t. 48.
Metten. Fil. Lips. t. 13 ,f. 22. — A. zamiifolium, Kze. — Segments 3"—] " long, l"-6'" broad;
longest sori 8’"-l2'" long, irregular in their position toward the indusium. — Hab. Ja-
maica!, Macf, Wiles, Shepherd; [Cuba! to Peru!; trop. Africa!].

fft Sori close to the midrib below ; leaf coriaceous-chartaceous.

198. A. erosum, Metten., Hoolc. ( non L.). Leaf pinnatisect, coriaceous : segments
trapezoid-lanceolate or lanceolate-linear , acuminate, irregularly serrate or inciso-serrate
above the obliquely cuneate base, lowest conform : rhachis channelled, convex beneath : veins
narrowly dichotomous or forked, nearly excurrent : petiole pale or pale -brown ; sori linear,
extending from near the midrib to the serratures. — Hook. Spec. t. 198.— A. salicifolium, L.
(Firm. Fil. t. 60), is probably this species, but it is useless to restore old names in Asple-
nium, as absolute certainty is not to be attained, and often allied species were formerly not
distinguished. A. falcatum, Sw. sec. Kze. (non Lam). — Segments 2"-4" long, 7 '"-3"'
broad above the base ; sori 6"'-9"' long. — Hab. Jamaica !, Pd., Wils., March, in mountain
woods ; [Cuba ! Haiti].

199. A. Serra, Langsd., Fiscli. Leaf pinnatisect, chartaceous : segments long, lanceo-
late-acuminate or oblong-lanceolate, sharply and unequally serrate above the cuneate or up-
ward produced, often petiolulated base, lowest conform : rhachis channelled, convex beneath :
veins narrowly dichotomous, excurrent: petiole brown ; sori oblong, approximate to the
midrib, and mostly subparallel to it, much distant from the margin. — A. zamiifolium, PI.
Carib. (exclus. syn.) : the broad-leaved A. Serra, y8. Imrayanum, Hook. ! A. erosum, Sw..'’
— Segments 4"-6"(-10") long, 8"'-20"' broad; sori 4"'-6"'(-12''') long. — Hab. Jamaica!,
Pd., Wils.; Dominica!, Imr. ; [Cuba to French islands!; Venezuela! to Brazil ! ; trop.
Africa !].

200. A. auritum, Sw. Leaf pinnatisect, chartaceous : segments lanceolate-linear or

oblong-lanceolate, usually acuminate, upwards aurieled at the cuneate base, inferior mostly
pinnatipartite at the auricle, or with the divisions decrescent toward the serrulate apex,
lowest conform : rhachis margined above or to the base : veins forked, inferior dichotomous,
branches terminated hear the margin : petiole pale ; sori oblong, approximate to the midrib
below, oblique, distant from the margin. — SI. t. 33. f. 2. Schk. Crypt, t. 130. b. sup.
dextr. — A. erosum, L. (ex. ic. SI.).— Variable ; segments l"-3" long, 2-6"' broad above
the auricle; sori usually long, often confluent.

a. Segments divided only at or near the auricle, or serrulate only. — A. umbrosmn, Kaulf.

£. recognitum, Kze. Segments pinnatipartite-pinnatifid. —Plum. Fil. t. 46. Metten.
Fil. Lips. t. 9./. 5. 6. — A. dispermum, Kze.

Hab. Jamaica!, Pd., Bancr., on trees (a) ; Dominica!, Sieb., Imr. (a, 0) ; [Cuba! to
French islands ! ; Mexico ! to Brazil ! ; Galapagos ! ; East Indies !].

201. A. bissectmn, Sw. Leaf pinnatisect, chartaceous : segments lanceolate-linear,
narrowly acuminate, obliquely cuneate at the base, pinnatijid, lowest shorter : inferior lobes
inciso-2-dentate : rhachis slightly channelled, convex beneath : veins forked, lowest dichoto-
mous, branches much produced into the teeth : petiole purplish-brown ; sori linear-oblong,
approximate to the midrib, subparallel to it, much distant from the margin. — Hook. Spec.
t\ 192.— Segments 2"-3" long, 3"'-6"' broad at the base, dark-green; sori 1 4'"— 2"' long.
— Hab. Jamaica !, Macf, Wiles ; [Cuba ! to Venezuela].

202. A. furcatum, Thunb. Leaf pinnatisect, coriaceous, often hairy beneath : seg-
ments pinnatipartite, lowest conform : special segments cuncate-rhomboid or linear, incised
or dentate at the summit (-pinnatifid) : rhachis villous-paleaceous, narrowly channelled,
convex beneath : veins llabellatc, narrowly forked or dichotomous, nearly excurrent : petiole
dark-brown ; sori linear, approximate-confluent, subparallel or little radiating, innermost
lining the inconspicuous midrib.— Hook. Grev. Ic. t. 189.— A. prtemorsum, Sw. : the oldest

FILICES.

683

name (1788), but regarding only a special form with truncate segments. Variable chiefly in
the broad, or narrow, acuminate, or blunt, or truncate segments, the primary ones 1 -3
Ion", secondary spreading, terminal often narrowly acuminate. — Hab. Jamaica !, Mac /., Pd.,
in high mountains, on rocks, at 5000' alt. ; S. Vincent !, [all tropical countries to Madeha
and the Cape !].

** Leaf 3 -pinnalipartile ; indusium ciliate.

203. A. pumilum, Sw. Leaf ^-partite (-pinnatipartite), deltoid, herbaceous, often
hairy beneath or ciliate : segments ovate or deltoid, unequally serrate or pinnatifid : veins
dichotomous or forked, terminated near the margin : petiole pale, brown below ; sori linear ,
distant from the midrib, and more so from the margin: indusium ciliate. — Plum. Fil.
t. 66. A : a form with blunt segments. — A. anthriscifolium, Jacq. : the form with piu-
natipartite leaves. — 3"-6"(-10") high; inferior segments S'"— 16"' long, 6'"— 10'" broad,
usually pointed. — Hab. Jamaica !, Macf, Pd. ; S. Vincent!, Guild. ; [Cuba! to French is-
lands !, Sieb. Mart. 361 ; Mexico ! to Venezuela ! ; Abyssinia !].

§ 3. Veins simple, pinnate, lowest forlced. — Leaf herbaceous, pinnatisect-pinnate-3-pinna-

tisect ( Canopteris ).

204. A. dentatum, L. Leaf pinnatisect : segments subdistant, cuneaie- elliptical (or
roundish), blunt, dentate above, lowest smaller : rhachis green-margined : veiu3 few, simple,
slender, terminated at the base of the teeth, lowest forked : petiole pale or brown at the
base; sori oblong, intermediate between the margin and the flexuose midrib. — Plum. Fil. t.
101, dextr. inf. Hook. Grev. Ic. t. 12. — A. pygmreum, L. sec. Sw. — 3"-8" high ; segments
3"'-6'" jong) 2"'-4',/ broad. — Hab. Jamaica !, all coll., on walls ; [Cuba ! to French islands ! ;
Mexico !].

205. A. Trichomanes, Huds. Leaf pinnate : leaflets oval, crenate, cuneate or trun-
cate at the oblique or upward produced base, lowest subdistant, smaller : rhachis scarious-
margiued : veins few, simple, lower (or most) forked : petiole black; sori oblong (or half-
oval), intermediate between the margin and the flexuose midrib.— Schk. Crypt, t. 74. — By
the veins sometimes most forked {A. anceps, Sol.) it passes into the preceding series, but in
habit stands next to A. dentatum. — Hab. Jamaica !, Macf., Pd. ; [northern temperate and
tropical zones of the globe].

206. A. formosum, IP. Leaf pinnate : leaflets oblong -lanceolate, bluntish, dimi-
diate-truncate at the base, pinnatifid and obtusely serrate at the upper margin and round
the apex, lowest distant, small .- rhachis scarious-margined : veins simple, lower forked,
terminated within the serratures : petiole black ; sori oblong-half-oval-oblong, extending
from near the midrib to the base of the serratures. — Plum. Fil. t. 66. B. — A. nanum, IP.
— 6"— 1 2" long, shortly petiolcd ; segments usually 6'"— 8'" long, 2'"— 3'" broad. — Hab. Ja-
maica !, Wits. ; [Cuba! to French islands!, Sieb. Mart. 246; Mexico! to Brazil ! ; Gala-
pagos ! ; trop. Africa and Asia].

207. A. pteropus, KaiUf. Leaf pinnatisect : segments spreading, oblong, pointed,
serrate, dimidiate-truncate and upwards auricled at the base, lowest gradually smaller :
rhachis margined : veins simple, lowest forked : petiole margined, pale or pale-brown be-
neath ; sori oblong, distant from the midrib, and more so from the margin.- — Hook. Spec,
t. 177. — I'-lVhigh; most segments 1" long, 3"' broad. — Hab. Jamaica!, Al. ; S. Vin-
cent!, Guild.; [Fortorico ! to Guadeloupe!; Venezuela! to Ecuador 1 and Brazil!].

208. A. fragrans, Sw. Leaf 2-3 -pinnatisect : primary segments subdistant, lowest con-
form, ultimate lanceolate , inciso-serrale above : rhachis flattish : veins simple, lowest forked :

petiole pale or brown ; sori oblong, extending from the midrib to near the base of the lobes,
subparallel to the former. — Hook. Grev. Ic. t. 92. — A. foeniculaceum, Kth. A. delicatulum,
Pr. — 3"-8" high; primary segments 6"'— 15'" long. — Hab. Jamaica!, Macf., Pd., AL,
common ; Dominica !, Imr. ; [Cuba ! to French islands ! ; Mexico ! to Ecuador !].

209. A. rhizophorum, L. Leaf 2-pinnatisect or pinnatisect, proliferous at the
summit : primary segments oblong-lanceolate, undivided and aavro.tG-2-pinna/ipartite, lowest
conform, secondary and tertiary ones euncatc-elliptical or obovntc: rhachis devoid of a
membranaceous margin : veins simple, lowest forked : petiole shining -brown or purple ;
sori oblong, intermediate between the midrib and margin : indusium narrow.

2 Y

G84

FILICES.

a. cirrhatum, Rich. Primary segments undivided or pinnatifid below, dimidiate-truncate
or upwards auricled at the base, l"(-2") long, 3"'(-6"') broad. — Ilook. Spec. t. 187. A. B.
Metten. Fit. Lips. t. 10. f. 3. 4 : passing into /3. — A. rhizophorum, Sw. Sijnops. A. Kar-
stenianum, Kl. {FI. Lechl. 2295).

P. radicans, Sw. (sec. Moore). Primary segments pinnatipartite-pinnatisect, 3" long,
8W-12"' broad, secondary undivided, serrulate. — SI. t. 52./. 3. Hook. Spec. t. 187. C. —
A. rhizophorum, Sw. 06s. Camopteris rhizophylla, Sw. {ex Ic. SI.).

y. cicutariwm, Sw. (non Metten.). Primary segments pinnatisect, secondary' pinnatifid
or pinnatipartite at the base: proportions as in P. — Hook. Spec. t. 187.71. — A. rhachi-
rhizon, Radd. {PI. Spruce. 4021). A. flabellulatnm, Kze. {PL Moritz .) : the homonym
in PI. Lechl. 2029, is var. 8. (secondary segments pinnatipartite to the cuneate summit),
from which I know not how to distinguish but by short sori A. rutaceum, Metten. {Plum.
Til. t. 57 ; Hook. Cent. 2. t. 34).

Hab. Jamaica !, Macf., Pd., Bancr. (a, P, y) ; Trinidad !, Or.; [Cuba! and Mexico ! to
Brazil ! and Pern !].

210. A. cuneatum, Lam. Leaf 2-pinnatisect : primary segments oblong-lanceolate,

lowest conform , secondary cuneate-obovate, dentate above, lower 2-purtite-lobed at the base :
rhachis devoid of a membranaceous margin .- veins simple, lower forked : petiole pale or
brown ; sori linear, intermediate between the midrib and the base of the teeth.— SI. t. 46.
/. 2. Sch/c. Crypt, i. 78. de.vtr.—k. martinicense, W. — Ultimate segments long,

broad. — ITab. Jamaica !; Macf. ; S. Yincent !, Guild. ; Trinidad !, Cr. ; [Cuba ! to
Brazil, and other tropical countries to the Cape].

211. A. Fadyeni, Hook. Leaf ^-pinnatisect below, pinnatisect above: primary seg-
ments oblong-lanceolate or lanceolate, lowest conform, secondary cuneate-obovate, dentate
above, lower 3-part,ite at the base : rhachis slender : veins simple, lower forked ; sori ob-
long, intermediate between the midrib and the base of teeth : indusium broad. — Hook. Cent.
2. t. 27- — Little known, and to be compared noth A. rhizophorum , from which it differs by
the rhachis not being proliferous; habit of the preceding, but sori short. — Hab. Jamaica !,
Macf.

212. A. myriophyllum, Spreng. Leaf 3{-2)-pinnatisect : primary segments approxi-
mate, divided to the base, lowest much decrescent, ultimate cut into lanceolate or ovate,
rounded-pointed lobes : rhachis green-margined or winged : veins simple : petiole pale or
pale-brown ; sori half- elliptical or shortly oblong, entering into the lobes. — Hook. Gen.
t. 6; Cent. 2. t. 41. Metten. Til. Lips. t. 13. /. 3-9.— Camopteris, Sw. A. cicutarium,
Sieb. Mart. 360, Hook.!, Metten. {non Sw.). A. monteverdense, Hook.! A. rhizophyllum,
P, Hook. ! A. dissectum, Lk. — Ultimate lobes 1"' or less long ; sori usually less than 1"'
long.

a. Leaf 3-pinnatisect.

p. Macrcei, Hook. Grev. Leaf 2-piunatiseet. — Hook. Grev. Ic. t. 193 and 217. A. rhi-
zophyllum, Kze., Hook. a. {exclus. syn. SI. and Sw.) : leaf not proliferous at the summit.

Hab. Jamaica!, all coll.; Dominica!; Trinidad !, Woodford; [United States; Cuba!
and Mexico ! to Brazil ! ; Pacific islands 1 ; trop. Africa 1 to the Cape !].

213. A. adiantoides, Radd. Leaf % -pinnatisect : primary and secondary segments
distant, petiolulate, ultimate cuneate-rhomboid, lobed and dentate above with rounded-
pointed teeth : rhachis slender, devoid of a membranaceous margin : veins simple : petiole
pale or pale-brown ; sori oblong, distant from the midrib, and more so from the point of
lobes.— Radd. Til. Bras. t. 51. /. 2— Ultimate segments 4'"-7"' long.— Hab. Jamaica!,
Macf. [Brazil !].

Sect. 2. Diplazium, Sw. — Inferior or most sori double.

* Leaf undivided: veins dichotomous.

214. A. plantagineum, L. Leaf oblong-lanceolate, pointed, cuneate at the base,
serrate above or subentire: veins costate, dichotomous, terminated near the margin . petiole
slender pale- sori linear, unequal in length, often alternately distant from the midrib, in-
ferior double, — Schk. Crypt, t. 85. sin. Hook. Gen. t. 55. B. f. 1.— Diplazium, Sw.—

FILICES.

685

Leaf 6"-8" long, li"-2" broad— Hab. Jamaica !, Pd., Shepherd; [Guadeloupe ! ; Mexico 1
to Brazil !].

leaf pinnatisect-2-pinnatisect ; sori extending to or beyond the middle.

f Veins alternately dichotomous , lowest penultimate ones on the inferior side of the rib ;

leaf stout , pinnatisect.

215. A. celtidifolmm, Metten. Leaf pinnatisect : segments oblong -lanceolate, shortly
acuminate, truncate at the equal base , subsinuate-repand, horizontal : veins dichotomous,
fertile at the inferior, anterior, and posterior branches ; sori linear, distant about half-
way from the margin, 2 inferior approaching the midrib, mostly double. — Metten. Fil. Lips,
t. VI. f. 3. 4: a leaf-segment, distinguished from our form by a serrulate margin. — Dipla-
zium, Kze. — “Stem 2' high, inclined to -be arborescent” {Pd.); segments 4,,-5” long, 1"
broad. — Hab. Jamaica!, Macf., Pd.; Trinidad!, Pd.; [Venezuela!, New Granada!;
Brazil],

216. A. grandifolium, Sw. Leaf pinnatisect: segments oblong-lanceolate, shortly
acuminate, rounded-svMruncate at the equal base, repand or crenate : veins dichotomous,
fertile at the anterior and posterior distant branches ; sori linear, extending to a small dis-
tance from the margin, anterior inferior approaching the midrib, double, superior simple,
distant from the midrib. — Metten. Asplen. 1. 5 .f. 3 : part of a segment. — Hemionitis, Sw.
Diplazium, Sw. — Proportions of the leaf as in the preceding, but “ petiole from the root ”
(Sw.).- — Hab. Jamaica !, Macf, Al., Wils. ; Trinidad!, Woodford; [Cuba ! to Brazil !].

ft Veins forlced-dichotomous or pinnately divided, free, lowest all on the superior side of

their rib ; leaf pinnatisect.

217- A. juglandifolium, Lam. {non Hook.). Leaf pinnatisect : segments oblong-
lanceolate or lanceolate-oblong, shortly acuminate, cuneate or rounded at the base, repand-
entire or serrulate above : veins dichotomous in the terminal, most 2-partite in the lateral
segments, fertile at the anterior inferior (rarely also at the posterior) branches ; sori linear,
intermediate between the midrib and margin, alt or inferior approaching both, inferior of
the terminal segment double, those of the lateral segments simple. — SI. t. 37. Schk. Crypt,
t. 85. dextr. — From Hooker’s homonym I exclude Sloane’s figure : for its sori (all anterior
and double) do not extend to near the margin, and the penultimate lowest veins are at the
inferior side of their rib (Fendl. PL Venez. 498, Spruce, PI. Ecuad. 5337 : A. Fendterianmn,
Gr.). — Diplazium, Sw. A. Rcemerianum, Kze. — Stout ; segments 6"-8 "(-4") long, 2"-
1 a"(— 1 ") broad. — Hab. Jamaica !, Wits.; [Cuba!, Wr. 1037, to Peru!].

218. A. semihastatum, Kze. Leaf pinnatisect : segments lanceolate or ovate-lan-
ceolate, bluntish, upwards auricled at the cuneate base, serrulate or pinnatifid-pinnatipartite
below : veins forked above, superior simple, lowest pinnately divided, fertile at the anterior,
in the auricle also at the posterior branches ; sori linear, intermediate between the midrib
and margin, distant from both, inferior (or few) double. — Metten. Asplen. t. 4. f. 17. 18 :
leaf-segments. Hook. Spec. t. 207. — A. cubense. Hook. ! A. hymenodes, Metten. {1. c. t.
5./. 18. 19) : the form with broader, blunt, towards the base divided segments. Diplazium
angustifrons, Pr. — 1'-2' high ; segments l"(-2") long. — Hab. Jamaica {Sw.) ; [Cuba !].

219. A. auriculatum, Metten. {non Sw.). Leaf pinnatisect : segments lanceolate or
oblong -lanceolate, acuminate or bluntish, upward auricled at the obliquely cuneate base,
sinuate or slightly pinnatifid to one-fourth: lobes dentate-serrulate: veins dichotomous,
fertile at the lowest anterior, in the auricle also at the posterior branches ; sori linear, ap-
proaching the midrib at their base, distant from the margin, inferior (or few) double. —
Diplazium, Kaulf. A. arboreum, IF. sec. Kaulf. : but not arboreous, Hook. ! {ex Wr.
Cub. 1034). — U'-2' high ; segments 2"-4" long, 8"'-12'" broad. — Hab. Jamaica !, all coll. ;
8. Vincent!, Guild. ; [Cuba ! to Brazil],

220. A. Shepherdi, Sprang. Leaf pinnatisect : segments oblong-lanceolate, acumi-
nate, inferior piwnalifid to the middle : lobes ovate, bluntish, appressed-serrulate, gradually
decrescent and passing into serratures in the superior segments : vein/els pinnate, most
forked above, anterior inferior or most fertile ; sori linear, inferior approaching the midrib
at their base , all distant from the margin, inferior in the superior segments (or few) double.

2 v 2

686

l'l DICES.

--Radd. Fil. Bras. t. 64: the form with 2-serial, 54 -bis: the younger 'state with single
sori. Hook. Gen. t. 55. /. 3 : superior segments. — A. striatum, L. Herb, (compared by
Shepherd), Hook.! ( Wr . Cub. 1035, Spruce, Perm. 4758): from the synonyms given in
Hook. Spec. Till. I exclude: 1° Plum. JFil. t. 18. 19 (the origin of A. striatum, L. Spec.,
Metten.). 2° A. caracasanum, W. (Fendl. Venez. 129. R : all sori confined to the upper
part of their vcinlet, hence distant from the rib aud approaching the margin), Metten. Asplen.
t. 5. f. 17. 3°. A. decurtatum, Kze. ! (proving to be Spruce, Peruv. 4755 : segments

deeply pinuatifid to near the rhachis, sori oblong, V" long, distant from the rib, while they
approach it in the allied A. thelypter aides, Mich. : both producing a few Athyrium-sori be-
long to that section). — l^-'— 3' high ; lowest segments longest, 6" long, 1J" broad ; longest
sori 4'" long. — Hab. Dominica !, Irnr., S. Vinceut !, Guild., Barbadoes !, Shepherd ; [Cuba !
to Brazil !].

ttt Feins pinnately divided, lowest penultimate ones on the inferior side of their rib ;

leaf stout.

221. A. costale, Sw. Leaf pinnatisect : segments oblong-lanceolate, acuminate, pin-
na tij id to the middle, inferior beyond it : lobes oblong, blunt (or subfalcate-pointed), serru-
late above : veinlets pinnate, simple or 2-partite, most fertile, lowest contiguous at the
narrow sinus ; sori linear, 2 lowest close to the midrib, the other to the vein, all extending
halfway to the margin of the lobe, lowest anterior double.— Segments usually 8"-12" long,
3"-4" broad ; lowest sori 4"' long. — Hab. Jamaica!, Wits.; [New Granada !, Ecuador!].

222. A. striatum, L. sp. (ex Plum!), Metten. Asplen. ( non Hoolc.). Leaf pinnati-
sect-2-pinnatisect : primary segments oblong-linear, acuminate, pinnati.fid to the middle, in-
ferior (or most) beyond it, or usually pinnatipartite, pinnatisect below : lobes oblong, blunt,
serrulate above or serrate : veinlets pinnate, simple, or lower forked and dichotomous, most
fertile, lowest distant at the sinus ; sori linear, approximate to the vein, extending two-
thirds as far as the distance of the margin of the lobe, lowest anterior double. — Plum. Fil.
t. 18. 19. — A dubium, Hook. ! ( exclus . synon. Schk. etc.). — Intermediate between A. cos-
tale and A. radicans, distinguished from the former by narrower segments ; sori 2"1 long.

a. Leaf pinnatisect, or the lowest segments pinnatisect again at the base : lower segments
6"-8" long, li” broad. — A. dubium, var. pinnato-pinuatifida. Hook., e.g. lFr. Cub. 847 :
other forms are Wr. Cub. 1038. 1044.

0. bipinnaliseclum. Leaf 2-pinnatisect below with slightly pinnatifid secondary segments :
middle primary segments pinnatipartite, superior pinnatifid, lower 10”-12" long, 2"-S"
broad. — A. dubium, Hook., e.g. Wr. Cub. 1039. A radicans, Hook. Gen. t. 55. f. 4 (non
Schk.) .

Hab. Jamaica!, Pd. ; S. Vincent!, Guild.; [Cuba! to French islands!; Mexico! to
Brazil !].

223. A. radicans, Schk. leaf 2-pinnatisect : segments oblong-linear, acuminate, se-
condary inferior pinnatifid to the middle : lobes oblong or subquadrate-oblong, serrulate, sub-
truncate-blunt, superior passing into serratures : veinlets pinnate, most fertile, simple, lowmr
distant at the narrow sinus; sori oblong -linear, lowest anterior double, approximate to the
midrib, all extending from the vein as far as close to the margin of the lobe. — Schk. Crypt,
t. 76 : the summit of the leaf, the primary segments of which are pinnatipartite. — A. dubium,
Metten., Hook, ex parte, e.g. Fendl. Venez. 436 : but I regard Raddi’s figure (t. 58), quoted
by Mettenius, as doubtful, and exclude also A. bulbiferum, Bernh. (N. Act. Erford. 1802,
Asplenium, f. 7), agreeing in the sori, but not in the entire, subdistant special segments. —
Lower primary segments S"— 12" long, 4"-G” broad, secondary inferior 2" long, 8"' broad ;
lowest sori 3'" long. — Hab. Jamaica! (IF.) ; [Venezuela! to Brazil],

*■** Leaf 2-3 -pinnatisect ; sori short ; veins pinnately divided, free,

224. A. anstrale, Braclcenr. Leaf 2-pinnatisect, deltoid at the base : secondary seg-
ments pinnatifid to the middle, inferior beyond it, equal at the base : lobes oblong, blunt,
serrulate or subentire : veinlets pinnate, simple, most fertile ; sori oblong, extending from
the vein to or beyond the middle of the lobe, lowest anterior double ; indnsinm convex,
often lacerate. — Schk. Crypt, t. 61 . Hook. Ic. t. 978. — Allantodin, R. Br. A. Brownii, Hook.
A. hi ana, Metten., Hook. I (Diplazium, Kze.). A. sylvaticum, Moore (ex Hook. PI. Ind.

FILICES.

687

Or.). Aspidium umbrosum, Sw., Schk. ( non IF.).— Lowest primary segments 1' long, 3"-
4" broad ; sori long. — IIab. Jamaica !, Pd. ; [Venezuela !, Ecuador ! ! Pacific islands

to New Zealand, Australia and East Indies!].

225. A. Franconis, Metten. Leaf 3-2-pinnatisect, “oblong:” ultimate segments
pinnatifid-serrate , upward produced at the base : veinlets pinnate, simple or forked, most
fertile ; sori linear, extending from near the vein to or beyond the middle of the segment,
lowest anterior mostly double ; indusium Jlattisli. — Metten. Asplen. t. 5. f. 30 : a leaf-
segment. — Diplazium, Liebm. : leaf “ 2-pinuatisect,” while it is usually 3-pinnatisect in the
Jamaica Fern. — Habit of A. fuscopubescens, Hook. (Spruce, 5416), which I refer to
A. alienum, Metten. Primary segments “ 4"-7" long, 2" broad sori 2"'-V" long. — Hab.
Jamaica!, March; [Mexico to Peru].

Sect. 3. Athyrium, Rlli. — Sori shortly oblong or half-oval, inferior (or several) produced

beyond the vein at their extremity and there supported by the auricle of the arcuate in -

dusium.

This section is known to pass into Aspidium .- I adopt the arbitrary limits proposed by
Mettenius, retaining in Asplenium those species where the indusium is lateral, and, though
often shortly, decurrent along its vein.

226. A. conchatvun, Moore. Leaf pinnatisect, ovate-oblong : segments oblong-
linear, pinnatipartite, superior deeply piunatifid : lobes or special segments oblong, blunt,
serrate or serrulate : veinlets pinnate, simple, lowest veins on the inferior side of their rib ;
most sori shortly oblong or half -oval : indusium convex. — Fee, Polypod. t. 17. C. f. 1. 3.
— Hypochlamys pectinata, Fee. — Primary segments 6"-12" long, l)-" broad ; sori long.
— IIab. Jamaica!, Pd., Al, lFils. ; [Cuba!, Wr. 1045; Haiti!].

Series 3. Aspidieae. — Sori confined to special points on the back of the leaf.

Subseries 1. Euaspidiese. — Receptacle flat. Sporangia with a vertical, usually in-
complete ring.

38. MENISCIUM, Schreb.

Sori shortly arcuate, inserted into the anastomosis of special veinlets, meeting between
costate veins, naked. — Leaf usually pinnatisect : intercostal vein-arches with a free append-
age ; sori special between the veins, often confluent.

227. reticulatum, Sw. Leaf pinnatisect : segments oblong-lanceolate or lanceo-
late, acuminate, crenulate-repand or repand, obliquely rouuded or cuueate at the subsessile,
or shortly petiolulated base : arches between the veins 12-15. — Plum. Fil. t. 110. Sch/c.
Crypt, t. 5. — Polypodium, L. — Segments 4"-8"(-10" long).

a. Segments oblong-lanceolate, most subsessile, l"-lf broad : rhaehis puberulous.

/3. sorbifolium, W., Kze. Segments lanceolate, inferior shortly petiolulate, 10" -12'"
broad : rhaehis glabrescent. — M. Kapplerianuin, Fee P

IIab. Dominica !, Imr., S. Vincent !, Guild. ; Trinidad !, Lockh. ; [French islands ! ;
Mexico ! to Brazil ! ; Fernando Po !].

228. M. angustifolium, IF. Leaf pinnatisect : segm.cnls numerous, lanceolate-linear,
acuminate, entire, obliquely cuneatc or rounded at the petiolulated or subsessile base : arches
between the veins 6-8. — M. sorbifolium, Eat. {PI. Wr. 781). — Segments 5"-6" long,
6"'-8"' broad. — IIab. Jamaica!, Wits., Pd., on stones, in river-courses ; [Cuba !, Panama !
to Venezuela !].

229. M. serratum, Cav. Leaf pinnatisect : segments lanceolate, acuminate, sharply
serrate, obliquely rounded at the subsessile base : arches between the veins 6-8. — Segments
5"-7''long, 10"'-12'" broad. — Hab. Trinidad!, Lochli., Sell.; [Mexico to Brazil !].

39. DIDYMOCHL2ENA, Desv.

Sori oval, inserted into the thickened extremity of a veinlet : indusium above the sorus>
proceeding from the oblong middle part of the receptacle, free at the sides, — An arboreous

688

FILICES.

Fern; frond %-pinnate : leaflets adiantiform; veins dichotomous , free ; sori in a line,
parallel to the margin.

230. D. lunulata, Desv. — Plum. Fil. t. S6. Kze. Farnkr. t. 84. Hook. Gen. t. 8. —
Adiantum, Houtt. Aspidium truncatulum, Sw. — Leaflets dimidiate-trapezoid, blunt, 10'"-
6'" long ; sori either juxtamarginal or distant from the margin. — Hab. Trinidad !, Or. ;
[Cuba ! to Brazil ! ; Pacific islands ! ; trop. Asia ! and Africa to Natal].

40. ASPIDIUM, Sw.

Sori round (rarely oval), usually dorsal on a slender veinlet : indusium above the sorus,
or abortive (-suppressed). — Petiole not jointed at the base.

There is no other universal character to distinguish Aspidium from Polypodium, but the
indusium : but from a series of examples, in which the indusium is present and suppressed
in the same species, it is probable, as Mettenius has suggested, that most forms of Polypo-
dium, sect. Phegopteris, will eventually prove to possess an indusium (though it may be
suppressed in most individuals). Hence I put the names of the Wesr Indian species of Phe-
gopteris at the head of those divisions of Aspidium, to which they would belong if an indu-
sium was observed : such forms are easily distinguished from Eupolypodium by the dorsal
insertion of the sori, the slender veinlets, and the petiole not jointed at the base, though all
these characters have no universal, generic value.

§ 1. Veinlets thickened at the summit, forked- dichotomous, free.

* Leaf pinnate ; sori terminal on the anterior branch of forked veinlets
(Nephrolepis, Schott).

231. A. pectinatum, TV. Leaf pinnate: leaflets shortly oblong, blunt, dimidiate-
truncate and upwards auricled at the base ; sori half as much distant from the margin as
from the midrib : indusium semilunar, with a broad sinus. — Schk. Crypt, t. 29. b. de.rlr.
— Nephrolepis, Schott. A. trapezoides, Schk. (non Sw.). N. tuberosa, Hook, (ex parte,
Lechl. 2155.). — 1'-2' high; leaflets 6"'-8'" long. — Hab. Jamaica!, Macf., Wils., At.:
[Venezuela! to Peru!].

232. A. exaltatum, Sw. Leaf pinnate : leaflets oblong-lanceolate, acute, or bluntish,
truncate or subcordate and upivards auricled at the base ; sori half as much distant from
the margin as from the midrib, or juxtamarginal : indusium cordate-orbicular, or reniform,
with a broad, open sinus. — St. t. 31. Plum. Fil. t. 63. — Polypodium, L. Nephrolepis,
Schott. — Trailing : “ twice in the year (from the rainy seasons), the stem starts afresh by a
prolongation of the rliaehis, remaining afterwards in a quiescent state, at length often attain-
ing a height of 15-20', supporting itself on the bushes and trees ” ( Al .) ; leaflets l"-2" long.
—Hab. Jamaica !, Pd., Hartw., Al. ; S. Vincent !, Guild. ; [Cuba ! to Brazil ! ; Pacific is-
lands ! ; trop. Asia aud Africa].

233. A. punctulatum, Sw. Leaf pinnate: leaflets oblong -linear, serrulate, acuminate,
truncate or shortly cuneate at the base, rarely produced upwards, into a short auricle, lowest
short, blunt ; sori half as much distant from the margin as from the midrib or juxtamarginal :
indusium cordate-orbicular, with a narrow sinus and usually superincumbent auricles.-
Plum. Fil. t. 112. Fee, Polypod. t. 23. C.f. 1. — Nephrolepis acuta, Hook. — Variable, com-
prising c.g. A. acutum, Schk. (Crypt, t. 31) : a form with the rhachis aud leaflets hai i y be-
neath (Syn. A. paraense, W., Kze. !), A. acuminatum, W. : a glabrous form, A. ensifolium,
Schk. (Crypt, t. 32), Kze. ! : the form with juxtamarginal sori. Leaflets 2"-4" long. —
Hab. Jamaica !, Pd. ; Dominica !, Imr. ; [Cuba ! to Brazil !, and all tropical countries],

234. A. sesquipedale, TV. Leaf pinnate : leaflets oblong-lanceuluic, bluntish, crc-
nate-serrate above, truncate and upward produced into a deltoid auricle at the base; sori
half as much distant from the margin as from the midrib, or juxtamarginal : indusium
cordate-orbicular, with a narrow sinus and usually nccumbcnt auricles. — Schk. Crypt, t.

32 b. A. exaltatum, Schk., Sieb. Mart. 357. Nephrolepis neglecta, Kze. (ex Schk., non

Hortor.). N. exallala. Hook, (ex parte, Lechl. 2515). N. vaiida, Kze. ! ; a form with the
sori distant from the margin.— Several feet high ; leaflets l"-2" long.— 11ab. West Indies
(Sw.) ; [Martinique!; Guiana! to Peru !].

FILICES.

689

235. A. mucronatum, Sw. Leaf pinnate : leaflets oblong -lanceolate, bluntish, ob-
tusely serrulate above, subdimidiate-truncate and upward produced into a deltoid auricle at
the base ; sori intermediate between the margin and the midrib, or more distant from the
latter: indusium peltate-orbicular, entire. — St. t. 36./. 4. 5. Sch/c. Crypt, t. 20. c. dextr.
Hook. Spec. t. 216.— Very similar to the preceding, which is as much paleaceous : sometimes
the veinlet is a little produced beyond the receptacle ; leaflets l"-2" long. -Hab. Jamaica !,
Hartw., Wils. ; [Haiti to French islands ! ; Venezuela!].

** Leaf pinnate-pinnatipartite (- undivided ) ; sori dorsal on the veinlets.

236. A. semicordatum, Sw. Leaf pinnate : leaflets lanceolate-linear, acuminate,
semicordate at the base : veins dichotomous ; sori 2(— 3)-serial on both sides ol the midrib,
indusium peltate-orbicular, entire. — Fee, Toly pod. t. 22. A. — 3 '-4' high; leaflets 3 -5
long ; exterior sori in our form medial, interior near the base of its veinlet and close to the
midrib, while in Fee’s figure of an East Indian form all sori are medial. — Hab. Jamaica!,
Pd., JFils. ; S. Vincent !, Guild. ; Trinidad !, Pd. ; [Cuba ! to Peru ! ; Galapagos ! ; East
Indies],

237. A. triangulum, Sw. Leaf pinnatisect, subcoriaceous : segments deltoid-rhom-
boid or trapezoid, shortly cuueate or rounded or dimidiate at the base, spiny-dentate or sub-
entire with mucronatc angles (rarely 3-fid) : veins forked, lowest dichotomous ; sori uni-
serial : indusium peltate-orbicular, repan d, dentate or suppressed. Plum. Fit. t. 72. SI. t.
36./. 2. 3. Schk. Crypt, t. 29. b. sin. — Polypodium, L. A. mucronatum, Schk. ( non Sw.).
—Segments 6"'-12"'(-18'") long : rhachis often proliferous at the apex.

a. Segments deltoid-rhomboid or hastate, usually dentate. — Polysticlnun ilici folium. Fee.

0. trapezoideSj Sw. Segments dimidiate at the base, upwards auricled, usually serrulate
or subentire. — Si. t. 36./. 1.— A. mucronatum. Eat. PI. Wr. Polystichum viviparum. Fee:
a form with large segments, large serratures or lobes, and the interior often separated from
the rest.

7. tridens. Hook. Segments 3-fid-3-partite. — Hook. Spec. t. 215.

Hab. Jamaica!, all coll, (a, 0, 7), on mountain rocks ; [Cuba!].

238. A. rhizophyllum, Sw. Leaf pinnatisect, with the terminal segment elongated,
lanceolate-linear, often proliferous (sometimes alone developed) : lateral segments obovate-
roundish, subeutire, superior decurrent ; veins forked or dichotomous ; sori 1-2-serial, con ■
fined to the terminal or upper segments : indusium peltate-orbicular, repaud. — Hook. Grev.
Ic. t. 59. — A. Plasehnikianum, Kze. : the form with most or all lateral segments suppressed
{Hook. Spec. t. 211).— 4"-8" high, ctespitose; lateral segments 4"'-6'", terminal 2"-4"
long. — Hab. Jamaica !, Pd., Wiles; [Cuba!].

239. A. viscidulum, Melten. Leaf pinnaiipartite, glandular-puberulous, subsessile :
segments obloug-lauceolate, bluntish, creuulate or subeutire, broadly adnate and olteu up-
wards auricled at the base : veins dichotomous or forked ; sori 1-serial : indusium peltate-
orbicular. — Hook. Grev.Ic. t. 140. — A. glandulosum. Hook. Grev. ( non El.). — 4f,-6" liigh-
1" broad, ctespitose. — Hab. Jamaica !, Pd., in woods; [Cuba !].

§ 2. Veins not areolated, slender.

* Leaf 2-4'; pinnatisect : segments oblique or auricled at the base ; veins free.

240. A. aculeatum, Sw. Leaf 2-pinnatisect : secondary segments obliquely acute,
macronate-serrale-lobed, cuneate and upwards auricled at the base, lowest superior lobe
larger, erect : most veins forked ; indusium peltate-orbicular or abortive. — 2,-3/ high, very
variable, paleaceous. West Indian forms : —

0'. Moritzianum, Kl. ! Leaf ehartaeeous ; lowest primary segments smaller ; indusium
membranaceous ; most palcte narrow.

f ■ plulyphyllum, W. Leaf ehartaeeous (or herbaceous) : lower primary segments not
decrescent, lowest superior secondary ones little larger ; indusium none (or “ abortive”). —
Metten. Fit. Lips. t. 22./. 1. — Polypodium, llook. I (Phegopteris, Metlen.).

Hab. Jamaica 1, j Saner. (7') ; Trinidad !, Or. {&') ; [both temperate and tropical zones of
the globe].

090

FILICES,

241. A. ascendens, Hewarcl! Leaf 3-pinnatisect, chartaceous : tertiary sterile seg-
ments oblong-lanceolate, pointed, serrate, obliquely cuneate at the entire base, lowest supe-
rior slightly larger , fertile contracted, minutely roundish: vciulets pinnate ; sori occupying
each contracted segment : indusium cordate-orbicular. — Rook. Spec. t. 224. — Possibly a
dimorphic state of Eicsonia coniifolia. lthizoma scandent ; leaf 4-1', lowest tertiary seg-
ments 8"'-10"' long, fertile 1'" diam.— Hab. Jamaica!, Pd., Wils., At., on trees, in moist
woods.

242. A. coriaceum, Sw. Leaf 3-pinnatisect, coriaceous: tertiary segments oblong-
lanceolate, bluntish , piunatilid-subentire, cuneate at the slightly oblique base, lowest supe-
rior little larger : veinlets sunk, superior forked, inferior pinnate ; sori large, occupying the
space between the midrib and margin : indusium peltate-orbicular. — Schk. Crypt, t. 50. —
Polypodium, Sw. — Stout; lowest tertiary segments 6"'-8'" long; sori 1'" diam. — Hab.
Jamaica !, Pd., on rocks ; [Cuba ! to Patagonia! and the whole southern temperate zone to
Mauritius].

243. A. mexicanum, Pr. “ Leaf 2-3-pinnatisect : idtimate segments obovate-oblong,
blunt, piunatilid-subentire, cuneate at the slightly oblique base, lowest superior little larger :
veiulets forked-dichotomous ; sori small : indusium orbicular, at length shortly cordate.”
— Rook. Spec. t. 267. — “ 2'-3' high, variable; lowest ultimate segments 6"'-10"' long.” —
Hab. Jamaica \, Macf., Pd., Wils.; [Mexico! to Ecuador],

244. A. pubescens, Sw. Leaf 2-3-pinnatisect, softly pilose beneath or at least at
the rbackis : ultimate segments ovate or ovate-oblong, pointed, pinnatifid-serrate (or sub-
entire), obliquely cuneate at the entire base, lowest superior larger : veinlets forked or
simple ; indusium reniform-roundisli or suppressed. — Rook. Grev. Ic. t. 162. — Polypo-
dium, L. Phegopteris portoricensis, F6e : the form with naked sori. Ph. sericea, Eat. I :
probably a form of it with bluntish segments. — 1/-2' high, valuable; lowest ultimate seg-
ments 4,"-12"' long.— Hab. Jamaica!, Macf., Pd.; [Cuba! to French islands !].

245. A. funestum, Kze. Leaf 2-3-pinnatisect: lowest inferior secondary segments
elongated : ultimate ovate-oblong or oblong, blunt, pinnatifid-subentire, obliquely cuneate
and often upwards auricled at the base, lowest superior little larger : veinlets forked, lower
pinnate ; indusium reniform-roundisli. — Plook. Spec. t. 259. — A. cicutarium, Kze. in PI.
Kegel. I (non Sw.). — l'-2'kigh ; lowest ultimate segments S'"-12"' long. — Hab. Trinidad!,
Woodf. ; [Portorico ! to Brazil !].

246. A. effusum, Gr. Leaf 2 (-3)-pinnatisect with 2-pinnatiparlite special segments
below : rhachis of the tertiary ones narrowly winged : quaternary segments passing gradually
into serratures above, the lower ovate-oblong, cuneate at the slightly oblique base, serrate,
lowest superior little larger : veiulcts pinnate, simple or forked ; indusium small, reniform-
roundisli, often suppressed. — SI. t. 57 .f 1. 2. Schk. Crypt, t. 26. b. c. — Polypodium, Sw.
Synops. P. divergens, Sw. (PL Wriglit. 831). A. excultum, Metten. / (A. lsetum, Moritz):
a puberulous form. — Stout ; lowest ultimate divisions of the lowest .primary segments 4'"
long, tertiary segments ovate at the base. — Hab. Jamaica!, Macf., Rartiv., Wiles, Al. ;
S. Vincent !, Guild. ; [Cuba ! to Brazil !].

247- A. denticulatum, Sw. Leaf 3-pinnatisect with pinnatiparlile special segments,
sbining-chartaceous : ultimate segments cuneate, mucronate-few-denlate : veins sunk, forked
or simple; indusium reniform-orbicular, with a short sinus. — Rook. Lc. t. 923. — Polypo-
dium, Sw. A. lsetum, Sw. A. Klotzschii, Rook. — Rigid, l)' -2' high; lowest ultimate
segments 2",-3"' long, usually with a single sorus.

a. Ultimate segments cuneate-elliptical, mucronate.

(!. rigidissimum.. Hook. Ultimate segments shortly spathulate-linear.

Hab. Jamaica!, Macf., Wils., Pd., Lamb.; [Cuba! to Brazil!].

** Leaf 3-2-pinnatisect ; segments equal-sided : veins free.

248. A. villosum, Sw. Very stout; to?/ 3-pinnatisect, pilose, hispidulous or glabros-
cent, except at the hairy rhachis : tertiary segments oblong, blunt, pinnatifid, or inferior pin-
natipartite, superior cuneate, uppermost entire : lobes rounded at the summit : veinlets forked
or simple ; indusium large , cordate-orbicular, often abortive or suppressed. — Plum. Fit. 1. 27.
Schk. Crypt, i. 46. b. inf. Rook. Spec. t. 264, Metten. Fit. Lips. t. 17-/ 10. — Polypo-

FILICES.

691

ilium L. P. subincisum, T7. (Alsophila martinicensis, Si eh. Mart. Crypt. Bras. t. 64), P. spec-
tacle’ Kaulf.,- P. Karsteniauum, Kl. : forms without indusium, distinguished by variable cha-
racter’s. Variable iu the down {e.g. the rhachis pilose or pubescent), the son close to the midrib
or between it and the margin, confined to the lower anterior vemlet or several in each lobe,
the ramification of the veins, and the division of the leaf: 1 etiole 8 -12 .blade 8 10 long

(Witts), the former woody ; lower tertiary segments 6 long, 2 b'-oador larger.— Hab.
Jamaica!, Macf., Pel., Barter., At., Wits., rare, in moist woods at 3-4000 alt., e.g. Cold
Spring Plantation, Fort Steward, Bluefield Mountains j [Cuba! to French islands !, Sieb.
Mart 346; Venezuela! to Valdivia!].

249. A. amplum, Metten. Leaf 2-pinnatisect with deeply pinnatipartite secondary
segments : rhachis glandular-puberulous, paleaceous : tertiary segments oblong, blunt, ser-
rate, inferior pinnatifid, adnate or shortly decurrent at the equal base ; veinlets pinnate,
simple or forked; indusium minute, cordate or suppressed. — SI. t. 57- /• 3 (Polypodium
effusum, Sw., FI. , non Synops.). P. Sloanei, Kze.: the characters, observed by Sir W.
Hooker’ viz. the petiole not tubercled] and the narrow, silky palete, are confirmed by our spe-
cimens ’but scarcely constant, and the indusium is often suppressed in both forms. P. lach-
nopodi’um, J. Sm.—A. effusum, Gr.,is similar, but its secondary segments are twice as broad
at the base. 2'-3' high, broad at the base ; inferior tertiary segments 4"'-6 long, 2
broad. — Hab. Jamaica !, Pd., Wils., Al. ; Dominica !, Imr., S. Vincent !, Guild. ; Trinidad !,
Sch. ; [Cuba ! to French islands ! ; Mexico to New Granada].

250. A. hirtum, Sw. Leaf 2-pinnatisect with pinnatipartite-2-pinnatipartite segments,

glandular-puberulous : rhachis pubescent, paleaceous : ultimate segments ovate, pointed,
entire, adnate and shortly decurrent at the equal base , 1-2-sorous : veinlets few, simple or
forked’; indusium minute, reniform or suppressed. — Plum. Fil. t. 43. Kze. Farnlcr. t.
135 — a. nemorosum, W. Polypodium crystallinum, Kze— Slender, 6"-12" high ; ulti-
mate segments long, broad.— Hab. Jamaica !, Pd., March, on moist, shady

rocks; [Cuba!; Guatemala; trop. Africa].

*** Leaves pinnalisect with pinnatipartite segments : veins free, lowest veinlets distant

at the sinus (Conf. Polypodium caudatum, Kaulf. ; P. decussatum, L. ; P. Hewurdii,

Gr.).

251. A. sanctum, Metten. Slender; leaf pinnatisect or 2-pinnatisect with respect to
the 2 lowest, larger secondary segments, puberulous beneath at the ribs only : primary seg-
ments pinnatipartite, lowest much decrescent, secondary oblong-lanceolate, bluntish, decur-
rent, subentire : veinlets simple or forked : rhachis puberulous ; sori sub equidistant from
the midrib and margin, small : indusium “ minute, reniform, ciliate ” or suppressed. — SI.
t. 49. /. 2. — Polypodium, Sw. — 6"- 12" high ; secondary segments 2'" long, lowest oftcu
as large, approximate to the rhachis. — IIab. Jamaica!, Macf, Bancr., Pd., AL, on rocks;
[Cuba !].

252. A. conterminum, W. Leaf pinnatisect, puberulous or glandular beneath, or gla-
brcscent : primary segments pinnatipartite or pinnatifid, acuminate, lowest much decrescent ,
secondary oblong, obliquely bluntish, subentire, lowest usually larger : veinlets simple :
rhachis puberulous ; sori nearer to the margin than to the midrib : indusium small, reni-
form, ciliate. — Plum. Fil. t. 47. — A. polyphylluin, Kaulf. A. sanctoides, Fee. Polypo-
dium coucinnum, Sieb. — l'-2' high ; secondary segments 2"'-]'" long, lowest often twice as
large, approximate to the rhachis, but not separated from the rest as in the preceding. —
Hab. Jamaica! Wils., Al., Blue Mountains to 7000' alt.; [Cuba! to French islands;
Mexico ! to Brazil !].

253. A. oligocarpum, Kth. Leaf pinnatisect, puberulous : primary segments pin-
natipartite, subsessilc, lowest decrescent, secondary oblong or oblong-linear, blunt, entire,
nearly horizontal, lowest not enlarged : veinlets simple : rhachis hoary -puberulous ; indu-
sium small, reniform, ciliate or suppressed. — Itadd. Fil. Bras. t. 34. — Polypodium pubes-
cens, Badd. — 1 p-3' high ; secondary segments 3"'-2"' long.

a. Special segments oblong-linear, broad ; sori near the margin.

/3. Kaufussii, Lk. Special segments oblong, Hff-V" broad ; sori more distant from the
midrib than from the margin. — Link’s Fern is known to me from cultivated specimens of

692

FILICES.

the Berlin garden : these have an indusiura, which is suppressed in young specimens from
Dominica.

Hab. Jamaica!, Macf., Wils., Al., Blue Mountains at 7000' alt. (a); Dominica! Inir.
(/3), S. Vincent !, Guild.; [Cuba! and Mexico! to Chili !].

254. A. limbatum, Sw. Leaf pinnatisect, glabrescent : primary segments piunatipar-
tite, sessile, bearing a gland at the base beneath, secondary oblong or oblong-lanceolate,
blunt, creuulate or entire, lowest downward produced : veiulets mostly simple : rhachis gla-
brescent ; sori infraterminal, half-covered by the reflexed leaf-margin : indusium reuiform-
roundish. — SI. t. 49. f. 1. Kze. Farnkr. t. 51. — A. Breutclii, Melien. (Amauropelta, Kze.).
A. Sprengelii, Kaafl. I : a furm with entire segments and a more delicate indusium. — 4'-6'
high ; secondary segments 4"'-5'" long.— Hab. Jamaica {SI.) ; S. Kitts {Brentel), 8. Vin-
cent!, Guild.; [Porlorico!, French islands !, Sieb. Mart. 355 ; Venezuela!].

255. A. aureovestitum, Gr. Leaf pinnatisect, glabrescent, paleaceous at the ribs
beneath : primary segments pinnatipartite, subsessile, secondary oblong-linear, blunt, sub-
distant, inferior serrate : veinlets simple : rhachis and petiole densely clothed with rusty
scales ; sori equidistant from the midrib and margin : indusium minute, deciduous. — Hoolc.
Spec. t. 246. — Nephrodium, Hook. — To be compared with A. ctenitis, Lk., from Brazil. — 2'
high ; inferior secondary segments 6"'-5"' long. — Hab. Jamaica !, Pd., Wils., Manchester ;
[Cuba !].

From A. tetragonum, Metten. {A. setosum, Kl. !), I exclude the S. Viucent locality,
Guilding’s Fern belonging to A. molle, Sw. — A. I’ Herminieri, Metten. (Jamaica, Brentel)
is unknown to me: it is apparently allied to A. limbatum, Sw., but pubescent.

**** Leaf pinnatisect with pinnatifid or serrate segments : lower veinlets approaching ,

contiguous or anastomosing at or beloiv the sinus (Conf. Polypodium tetragonum, L. ;

P. megalodus, Schlc. ; P. crenatum, Sw. ; P. flavopunctatum, Kaulf. ; P. oblitera-

tum, Sw.).

256. A. invisum, Sw. Leaf pinnatisect, somewhat rigid, simply puberulous at the ribs
beneath : segments long, oblong -linear, acuminate, pinnatifid beyond (or to) the middle,
sessile, lowest little decrescent : lobes oblong, falcate acute, entire : veinlets simple, 1-2
lowest pairs contiguous (or approaching) at the sinus or along a plait below it : rhachis
simply puberulous or glabrescent, 3-gonal ; sori equidistant from the midrib and margin :
indusium reuiform-rouudish. — SI. t. 51. t. 50. f. 1. — Stout, variable; segments 12"-6"
long, 12"'-8"'(-6'") broad.

a. Segments pinnatifid to -f-f, 12"'-8'" broad. — A. incisum, Sw. Herbar. 1 (probably a
mistake in Swartz’s autograph, instead of A. invisum). A. serra. Hook. (Wr. Cub. 1003).
A. macrurum , Hoolc., Eat. (Wr. Cub. 822. 1002: both partly). A. macrurum, Kaulf. !
(A. subincisum, Sieb. Mart. 354), is a form of the same with the lowest pair of veiulets ap-
proachiug, but a little distant at the sinus. Nephrodium scliizotis. Hook. ! : a pubescent
form with the lower secondary divisions larger.

13. Schkuhrii. Segments pinnatifid to the middle, S"'-6'" broad. — Schk. Crypt, t. 18. —
A. Serra, Plat, {ex parte, lFr. Cub. 1004). A. macrurum, Metten. in PI. Cub. Rugel.

Hab. Jamaica (Sw.), common in woods; Dominica !, Imr. ; Trinidad !, Sch. ; [Cuba ! to
Brazil !].

257. A. Serra, Sw. Leaf pinnatisect, rigid, simple puberulous at the ribs beneath :
segments long, linear, acuminate, pinnatifid to the middle, sessile, lowest as large : lobes
ovale-delloul, entire : veinlets simple, 1-3 lowest pairs contiguous along a plait below the
sinus : rhachis simply puberulous or glabrescent, 3-gonal; sori equidistant from the midrib
and margin : indusium reniform-rouudish. — SI. t. 48. f. 1. Kze. Farnkr. t. 59. — A. au-
gescens, Lk. {Wr. Cub. 923). Swartz’s species was confounded by Kunzc with the prece-
ding, but his description (“ piunse 3,"-4'" latitudine”) leaves no doubt: Schkuhr’s figure
(Crypt, t. 33. b.) is doubtful, and may be a form of it with shorter segments. 2'-4' high ;
segments 5"-12" long, 3"'-4'" broad.— Hab. Jamaica!, Wils., Pd., in wet places, S. Anns,
S. Marys ; [Cuba I].

258. A. patens, Sw. Leaf piuuatisect, usually pubescent beneath : segments lanceo-
late-acuminate, pinnatifid beyond (or to) the middle, sessile, lowest little decrescent : lobes
oblong, bluniish, subeutire : veinlets simple, lowest pair contiguous (or approaching) at or

F1LICES.

693

below the sinus : rhachis hairy, sub-4-gonal ; son equidistant from the midrib and margin :
indusium reniform. — St. t. 52. f. 1. — A. molle, Eat. in PI. Wr. Cm A 818. 1^-3 high,

segments 3"-5" long, broad.— Hab. Bahamas; Jamaica!, Macf., Pel., mis.;

Dominica !, Imr., S. Vincent !, Guild., common ; [Florida and Texas ! to Brazil ! ; Galapa-
gos ! ; S. Helena !].

259. A. deltoideum, Sw. Leaf pinnatisect, rigid, shortly hispidulous at the ribs be-
neath : segments oblong -lanceolate, bluntish or pointed, pinnatifid . to the . middle, sessile,
lower abruptly reduced, upwards auricled: lobes ovate-oblong, entire, obliquely pointed:
veinlets simple, lowest pair contiguous at the sinus zoith a plait between them : rhachis hairy,
obtusely sub-4-gonal ; sori nearer to the margin than the midrib : indusium small, reni-
form.— 1'— 2 ' high ; segments 3" long, 8'"— 10'" broad, lower 8'"— 4'" long. — Hab. Jamaica !,
Macf., Bancr., Wils., in mountain- woods ; [Cuba! to French islands !].

260. A. molle, Sw. Leaf pinnatisect, pubescent : segments lanceolate-acuminate,
pinnatifid to about the middle, sessile, lowest gradually or little decrescent : lobes oblong,
blunt or bluntish, entire : veinlets simple, lowest pair anastomosing below the sinus, forming
a vein, that runs into the sinus : rhachis hairy, obtusely sub-4-gonal ; sori equidistant from the
midrib and margin : indusium reniform-roundish. — Schlc. Crypt, t. 34. b. — A. sclerophyllum.
Eat. in PI. JFr. Cub. 1001. 1005. 1006 ( non Kze.). A. tetragonum, Eoolc., from S. Vin-
cent {non Metten) — Variable, l'-4' high, not to be distinguished from A. patens, Sw., but
by the veins; segments 3"-l|"(-5") long, 6"'-8"' broad. — Hab. Jamaica!; S. Vincent!,
Guild. ; [all tropical countries to New Mexico !, Japan, Madeira !, Algeria, the Cape ! and
Australia],

261. A. unitum, Sw. { non Sieb). Leaf pinnatisect, rigid, glabrescent : segments
linear, shortly acuminate with a bluntish point, pinnatifid to one-third to half, sessile,
lowest as large : lobes ovate-deltoid, entire : veinlets simple, 1-2 lowest pairs anastomosing,
and forming an excurrent vein below the sinus : rhachis glabrescent, 3-gonal ; sori equi-
distant from the midrib and margin: indusium reniform-roundish. — Schlc. Crypt, t. 33. b.
sinistr. — Poly podium, L. A. gongylodes, Schlc. : a form with blunt lobes. Nephrodium
propinquum, R. Br. N. paludosum, Liebm. ! — In habit approaching A. Serra, Sw., but
distinguished by shorter, less acuminate segments, and anastomosing veins. 2'-4' high ;
segments 3"-4" long, 4"'-6"' broad. — Hab. Jamaica !, Pd., in morasses; [Guadeloupe!;
all tropical countries to Porto Alegre; and the Cape].

262. A. brachyodon, Gr. Leaf pinnatisect, glabrescent : segments oblong-lanceolate,
shortly acuminate, coarsely crenate-serrate to one-fourth, bearing a gland at the petiolulated
base beneath, lowest as large : serratures trapezoid-oblique with a narrow sinus, entire :
veinlets simple, lowest anastomosing or separated, following pair contiguous at the sinus :
rhachis angular ; sori somewhat distant from the midrib : indusium small, cordate-renifonn
or suppressed. — Seem. Panam. i. 49. — Nephrodium, Hook. Polypodium, Kze. Phego-
pteris Seemanni, J. Sm. — 3-4' high ; segments 6"-S" long, li" broad, serratures 3'” broad.
— Hab. Dominica, S. Vincent {Hook.) ; [Panama to Peru ! ; Galapagos].

263. A. serrulatum, Metten. “ Leaf pinnatisect, glabrescent : segments lanceolate-
acuminate, coarsely crenate-serrate, obliquely rounded at the subsessile base, lowest half as
long: veinlets simple, lowest anastomosing below, following pair at the sinus ; indusium
reniform.” — SI. t. 43./. 1. — Polypodium, Sw. — “ 2i"-3" high; segments 5" long, 8'" broad
{Metten.). With this are to be compared : 1° A. Imrayanum {Nephrodium, Hook. t. 242.
A.), distinguished by approaching, free veiulets, and small, appressed serratures (having a
“ rhachis semiterete on the back ”) ; and 2° Fendl. Venez. 474, combining the coarse ser-
ratures of Meltenius’s diagnosis, a glabrous, obtusely 4-gonal rhachis, and the veinlets of
Hooker’s figure : both approach Polyp, flavopunctatum, Kze., but Fendler’s Fern is not
pellucid-dottcd. — Hab. Jamaica (&>.), in mountain-woods ; Dominica {A. Imrayanum).

264. A. asplenioides, Gr. Leaf pinnatisect, puberulous on the ribs beneath, some-
what rigid : segments oblong-linear, shortly acuminate, coarsely cremate , truncate or sub-
cordate at the equal, subsessile base, lowest little and gradually decrescent : veiulets simple,
lowest pair anastomosing and sending a vein to the sinus (rarely separated), second pair
contiguous at the sinus : rhachis 4-gonal, pubescent ; indusium “ reniform ” or suppressed.
— St. t. 43. f. 2. 50. f. 3. — Polypodium, Sw. A. sclerophyllum, Kze. (A. scolopendrioidcs,

694

FILICES.

vcir. pmnatum, Metten. /).— Fendler’s PI. Vencz. 446, is apparently a glabresccnt form with
free veins.— 2'-3' high ; segments 3*"-H" long, 8"'-4"' broad.— Hab. Jamaica I Pd

; Vlncent Gmld- • Triuidad !» Foclch. ; [Cuba 1 to French islands !, Sieb.
Mixt. 332 ; Panama ! to Brazil !].

20o. A. reptans, Metten. (excluss. var. 1, 2). Leaf pinnatisect, hairy: segments ob-
long or ovate, blunt, crenate (or repand-entire), subtruncate at the shortly petiolulated,
equal base : veinlets simple, lowest pair anastomosing and sending a vein to the sinus
(rarely separated), following pair distant: rhaehis filiform, often proliferous at the summit-
indusium abortive.— SI. t. 29. t. 30. /. 1.— Polypodium, Sw. P. repandum, Sw. this is
probably P. cordatum, Hook., a form with subentire segments, and most (not always all)
veinlets free. A. reptans, var. o, var. 4, Metten. ! { exclus . syn. Sw.). — Caispitose, decum-
bent; segments 12"'-4'" long, 5"'-4'" broad, much smaller in the proliferous part.— Hab.
Jamaica!, Pd., Wils., Al., on limestone rocks ; [Cubal; Guatemala! to Brazil],

Leaf pinnatisect— pinnatijid, with entire (rarely crenate ) segments or lobes.

266. A. hastifolium, Gr. Leaf pinnatisect, glabreseent : segments oblong -linear,
blunt, entire, hastate at the subsessile base, superior adnate, lowest much decrescent : vein-
lets free, simple or forked : rhaehis puberulous ; indusium abortive.— Eqok. Grev. Ic. t. 203.
—Polypodium, Sw. P. hastatum, Sw. A. reptans, var. 2, Metten.— 1£'-4" high, cajspi-
tose; segments 12"'-6'" long, 2"' broad— Hab. Jamaica], Macf, M‘Nab, Bancr., Pd.,
in shady woods, and on rocks; [Cuba !].

20/. A. scolopendroides, Metten. { exclus . var. 1, 3). Leaf pinnatipartite, pinna-
tisect at the base, pinnatilid at the summit, glabreseent : segments oblong or ovate, blunt,
entire (or crenate), lowest decrescent, distant : veinlets simple or forked, lowest pair ana-
stomosing near the rhaehis, and forming a vein, that runs to the sinus: rhaehis pubendous;
indusium cordate-orbicular or suppressed. — Polypodium, Sw. A. Wrightii, Pat. {PI. Cub.
824. Hook. Spec. t. 239) : a form with large iudusia and the lowest segments upwards
auricled— l'-l high ; segments 1 2"'-6'" long, 4'"-3"' broad.— Hab. Jamaica !, Pd., Wils.,
in dry places, on rocks ; [Cuba ! to French islands !].

268. A. incisum, Gr. ( non Sw.). Leaf pinnatifid to or beyond the middle, tapering
into a subentire base, somewhat rigid, puberulous at the ribs beneath : lobes oblong or
ovate, entire : veinlets simple (or forked), 2-3 loioest pairs anastomosing at and below the
sinus by a special vein .- rhaehis puberulous beneath ; indusium cordate-orbicular. — Plum.
Fit. t. 91. Kze. Farnlcr. t. 120. — Polypodium, Sw. A. stenopteris, Kze. A. scolopen-
droides, var. 1, Metten. !— 8"-20" high, broad at the middle; lobes 3"'-4"' broad

at the base, bluut or pointed. — Hab. Bahamas !, Fraser ; Jamaica !, Macf., in woods ; [Cuba
to New Granada!].

§ 3. Most veinlets in a loose network.

* Leaf pinnatisect.

269. A. guianense, Kl. Leaf pinnatisect, glabrous : segments numerous, lanceolate,
acuminate, serrate or repand-entire below the serrate apex, oblique at the shortly petiolu-
lated base, terminal pinnatifid or lobed at the base : veins forming angular meshes (some-
times free) ; sori scattered pluriserial : indusium peltate-orbicular. — Hook. Spec. 1. 234. —
A. abbreviatum, Hook, {non Schrad. .- Schrader’s Fern, communicated by Kunze, has the
segments pinnatilid with bluut lobes and the regular veins of Goniopteris). — 2' high ; seg-
ments 3"-G"long, 6'"-12"' broad. — Hab. Jamaica!, Wils.; Triuidad I, Cr., in wet places,
Aripo ; [New Granada, Guiana 1, Brazil].

270. A. meniscioides, W. Leaf pinnatisect, coriaceous, glabrous : sterile segments
5-8 -jugal, oblong, shortly acuminate, subentire, obliquely cuneate at the subsessile base,
fertile contracted, lanceolate: veinlets in serial meshes, most meshes with free appendages ;
sori confluent: indusium “peltate,” deciduous. — Hook. Grev. Ic. t. 121. — A. confertum,
Hook. Grev. — Stout, 3-6' high; sterile segments 6" long, 1 broad, fertile 3"-4" long,
6"'-8'" broad. — IIab. Trinidad !, Sch/c., Pd., in damp woods, Aripo ! ; [Guiana ! to Brazil !].

271- A. macrophyllum, Sw. Stout ; leaf pinnatisect : segments ■l—S-jugal, oblong,
acuminate, repand or sinuate, distant, lowest often 2-parlile, most sessile, aduate-decur-

FILICES.

695

rent, terminal often 3-fid : veinlets in a loose network with free appendages ; sori serial
along the veins : indusium cordate-orbicular. — Plum. Fit. t. 145. G'—G1 high; segments

usually 6"-12" long, 1 1"-2" broad— Hab. Jamaica !, Wits. ; Dominica !, Imr., S. Vincent !,
Guild.; Trinidad!, Lockh. ; [Cuba! to French islands!, Sieb. Mart. 358 ; Mexico 1 to
Brazil ! ; Galapagos !].

272. A. cicutarium, Sw. Leaf pinnatisect below the pinnatifid summit : segments
3_6 -jugal, pinnatifid : lobes oblong or ovate, blunt : veinlets in a loose network , most de-
void of free appendages ; sori dorsal, serial along the veins -. indusium cordate-orbicular.
— Plum. Fil. t. 150. — Polypodium, L. P. appendiculatum, Sw.

a. latifolium, Pr. Leaves gradually dilated downwards : inferior segments ovate-oblong
or oblong ; indusium large, roundish. — 2'-4' high ; inferior segments usually 6" long, 2"
broad.

j3. coriandrifolium, Sw. Leaf oblong : segments deltoid-roundish ; * indusium small,
roundish. — A. hippocarpis, Sw. — 6"-l|' high; inferior segments usually 1" diam., but
passing into a.

Hab. Jamaica ( Sw .), iu mountain-woods ; Trinidad ( Metten .), [Cuba !, Mexico !, Panama !,
Ecuador !].

273. A. apiifolium, Schk. Leaf pinnatisect below the pinnatifid summit, 2-pinnati-
sect at the base : primary segments pinnatipartite, secondary oblong-lanceolate, obtusely
serrate-pinnatifid, bluntish : veinlets in a loose network, devoid of or provided with free
appendages ; sori terminal, sunk into the leaf, rather scattered : indusium reniform-roundisli.
— Schk. Crypt, t. 56. b. sin. — A. dilaeeratum, Kze., Metten. — Stout; primary segments
about 10"-6" long, 3" broad. — Hab. Jamaica !, all coll., in the mountains, on wet rocks ;
[Portorico ! ; Guatemala ; Pacific islands].

274. A. trifoliatum, Sw. Leaf ternati (-p i tin a H) -sect (or 3-partite) : segments l(-2)-
jugal, terminal ovate or ovate-oblong, pointleted, sinuate-3-fid, lateral semicordate, often 2-
fid: veinlets in a loose network with free appendages; sori serial along the veins and
scattered : indusium peltate- orbicular, rarely emarginate. — SI. t. 42, t. 26, f. 2. Plum. Fil.
t. 148. Schk. Crypt, t. 28, t. 28. b. Hook. Gen. t. 33. — Polypodium, L. A. hera-
cleifolium, W. (Plum. Fil. t. 147) ; the form with 2-jugal segments. A. fimbriatum, W.
(Plum. Fil. t. 149 : A. Plumierii, Pr) : a form with 3-partite leaves and the indusium
often emarginate. — l'-2' high, very variable ; terminal segment usually 8"-6" long, 6"-3"
broad, lateral smaller, asymmetrical, often distant. — Hab. Bahamas; Jamaica !, Hartw.,
Al. ; Dominica 1, Imr., S. Vincent!, Guild., Barbadoes ! ; Stephan; [Cuba! to French
islands ! : Mexico ! to Peru !].

IFoodsia Brownii, Mctteu. (Ilypoderris, J. Srn., Hook. Gen. t. 1, Ic. t. 675, 676), is a
remarkable Fern, confined to Trinidad!, Cr., Loclik. (in shady, rocky lanes). Though dis-
tinguished from A. trifoliatum, by the character of IFoodsia (indusium inferior all round,
fimbriate, terminal none), I have supposed it to be perhaps a dimorphic state of it with the
flat receptacle transformed and the proper indusium suppressed (Getting. Nachrichteu, 1863,
p. 104). Other characters however are : a tripartite leal) and a dark-brown, densely palea-
ceous and hairy petiole, while in A. trifoliatum, only the leaves of young plants are tripar-
tite, the petioles stramineous-shining, and the pale® confined to their base.

** Leaf 3 -par tile-pinna t if d.

275. A. pedatum, Desv. Leaf 3 -partite-piunatifid, ovate, bluntish, cordate or sub-
truncate at the base, subcoriaccous, glabrous : lobes ovate or oblong, repand, lowest larger,
often sinuate, pinuatifid or semicordate-bifid: veinlets sparingly areolate, with free append-
ages: petiole shining-blackish; son serial-scattered, most terminal : indusium ren form with
a broad sinus, coriaceous. — Kze. Farn/cr. 1. 75. — 6"-12" high, long-petioled ; leaf 2"-3"
broad at the base. — Hab. Jamaica !, Bancr., Pd. ; [Cuba 1, Haiti],

*** Leaf entire.

276. A. Fadyenii, Metten. Leaf undivided (rarely sinuate), sterile lanceolate-oblong
nr spat hut ale, tapering into a short petiole, entire or repand, fertile longer, lanceolate : vein-
lets in a network, fertile meshes 1 -serial, their inner appendages thickish at the summit ; sori
1 -serial along the midrib, terminal: indusium rcuiform or orbicular, usually with a broad

690

FILICES.

sinus, and one of the auricles decurrent at the receptacle. — SI. t. 26. f. 1. Hook. Grev.
Ic. t. 96. Hook. Gen. t. 53. B. — Aspleniam proliferura, Sw. (Aspidium, Hook., Grev.,
non R. Br. ; Fadyenia, Hook.). — Cacspitose ; sterile leaves l"-6" long, often proliferous at
the apes, fertile 6"-8" long, 2"'-6'" broad. — Hab. Jamaica {Hook.), in shady mountain-
woods; [Cuba!].

§4. Veins costate : leaf entire (Conf. Polypodium llechnoides, Sw. : leaf pinnatisect) .

277- A. plantagineum, Gr. Leaf elliptical-oblong, blunt, cuneate-decurrent at the
base, entire or sinnate-repand : costate veins distant, veinlels in a loose netvjork with free
appendages ; sori serial along the veins, distant : indusium peltate- orbicular, deciduous or
“suppressed.” — Plum. Fil. t. 128. — Polypodium, Jacq. — About 1' high, 4"-2£', broad. —
Hab. Dominica 1, Imr., S. Vincent !, Guild. ; [French islands !, Sieb. Mixt. 353 ; Panama,
Venezuela!, Gniana!, equat. Brazil, Peru!].

278. A. nodosum, TV. Leaf shining -chartaceous, lanceolate-oblong or oblong-linear,
pointleted, entire, cuneate at the petioled base : all veins costate, approximc.te, simple, and
2-partite, no veinlets: petiole jointed below the middle ; sori serial along the midrib, and
scattered on the back of the veins : indusium cordate-orbicular.- — Plum. Fil. t. 136. —
Oleandra, Pr. 0. micans, Kze. {PI. Lechl. 2539). A. articulation, Sch/c. — 8"-12" high,
2£"-l" broad. — Hab. Jamaica!, Pd., on decayed trees; Dominica!, Imr., S. Vincent!,
Guild. ; Trinidad !, Pd. ; [Cuba ! to French islands ! ; Guiana to Peru ! ; Fernando Po],

41. CYSTOPTERIS, Bernh.

Sori round, dorsal : indusium inferior, dimidiate-cucullate; pointed.

279. C. fragilis, Bernh. Leaf 2-pinnatisect : its outline oblong-lanceolate : secondary
segments piunatipartite, tertiary dentate-lobed : rhaehis margined. — C. jamaicensis, Besv.
—Hab. Jamaica {Plook.) ; [most countries of the globe].

42. POLYPODIUM, L.

Sori round (rarely oval), naked, on (rarely below) the summit of free, or at the anasto-
mosis of connected veinlets, rarely lateral from the reduction of its proper veinlets, or dorsal :
veinlets thickened at the summit, or slender beyond dorsal sori.

Sect. 1. Phegoptekis, Metten. (conf. Aspidium). Sori dorsal on slender veinlets. — Leaf
often much divided : petiole not jointed at the base.

* Leaf pinnatisect with piunatipartite segments : veins free, lowest veinlets distant

at the sinus.

280. P. caudatum, Kaulf. Leaf pinnatisect, glabrous, dotted with pellucid points,
often paleaceous at the ribs beneath ; primary segments piunatipartite, superior sessile, se-
condary linear-oblong, bluntish, serrate : veinlets simple or forked : rhacliis glabrous, bear-
ing scattered scales ; sori serial, nearly equidistant from the midrib and margin— 3'-4'
high; secondary segments 6"'-8'" long, 2'" broad.— Hab. Jamaica !, llacf, Pd., Wils. ;
[Cuba ! to Brazil !].

281. P. decussatum, L. Stout; leaf pinnatisect, usually pubcrulous : primary seg-
ments horizontal, pinnatipartite, sessile, supported by an oblong, pointed scale, secondary
linear-oblong, blunt, entire, approximate, much diverging, lowest equal : veinlets simple cx-
currcnt : rhaehis puberulous or glabrescent ; sori serial, confluent. — Plum. Fil. t. 24.-5'-
12' hi"h ; larger segments 1' long, 1" broad, secondary IV" broad.— Hab. Jamaica !, Wils.,
Pd., in moist mountain-woods, at 3000' alt., rare; Montserrat, S. Vincent !, Guild. ; [French
islands !, Sieb. Mart. 349 ; Venezuela ! to Brazil and Peru I],

282 P Hewardii, Gr. Leaf pinnatisect, glabrescent : primary segments piunati-
partite sessile, lower much decrescent, distant, secondary oblong, blunt, entire : veinlets
simple ’• rhaehis puberulous or glabrescent ; sori shortly oblong, nearly equidistant from the
midrib and margin.— Grammitis, Moore. Gymnogramme gracilis. Howard (Lcptogramma,
j Sm ) By the sori shortly decurrent along the veins it forms a passage into Gymno-

FILICES.

697

gramme , but has the habit of a common Aspidium.— 3'-4 ' high ; secondary segments
long, liw broad. — Hab. Jamaica!, Hartio mountains of Port lloyal, West-
moreland.

** Leaf pinnatisect with pinnatifid or serrate segments : lower veinlets approaching,
contiguous, or anastomosing at or below the sinus, the other free, excurrent.

283. P. tetragonum, L. Leaf pinnatisect : segments lanceolate, pimiatifid to one-
half-one-third, shortly petiolulate, lowest little or not decrescent : lobes oblong or ovate,
blunt or bluntish, entire : veinlets simple, lowest pair anastomosing below the sinus, sending
a vein into the sinus, following pair contiguous at the sinus: rhachis 4-gonal ; sold serial :
series extending to the lowest veinlets. — Variable, distinguished from similar forms of
Aspidium rnolle, Sw., by petiolulated segments, and from A . abbreviation, Schrad. (non
Hook.), perhaps not sufficiently by the anastomosis of the veinlets. — 2'-5' high ; segments
9"-3" long, 12'"-6'" broad.

a. Glabrescent (down simple) : segments 3"— 6" long, pinnatifid to about the middle : lobes
spreading : veinlets 6-10-jugal. — SI. t. 48. f. 2. Schk. Crypt, t. 18. b.

fi. Plumieri, J. Sm. Puberulous with stellate down ; segments 6"-9" long, pinnatifid to
one-third : lobes falcate-blunt : veinlets 10-12-jugal, — Plum. Fil. t. 21.

Hab. Jamaica!, Macfi; Dominica !, Imr., S. Vincent!, Guild.; [Cuba! and Mexico ! to
Brazil and Peru !].

284. P. megalodus, Schk. Stout; leaf pinnatisect, somewhat rigid, stellate-puberu-
lous : segments oblong -lanceolate, coarsely serrate to one-fourth, petiolulate, lowest as
large : serratures falcate, broadly ovate or oblong, bluntish or blunt, entire : veinlets simple,
several lower pairs anastomosing below the sinus, forming a vein that runs into the sinus :
rhachis puberulous, 4 -gonal ; sori serial : series extending often to the lowest veinlets. —
Schk. Crypt, t. 19. b. — 4-6' high ; segments 12"-8" long, 11" broad : serratures 4"'— 2"'
broad : veinlets 8-1 5-jugal. — Hab. Trinidad 1, Cr. ; [Cuba !, Wr. 1010, to French islands ! ;
Venezuela !].

285. P. crenatum, Sic. Leaf pinnatisect, slightly hispidulous : segments oblong-
lanceolate, crenate-serrate, subsessi/e : serratures truncate-appressed : veinlets simple, about
10-jugal , free and anastomosing without order : rhachis obtusely sub-4-gonal; sori distant,
chiefly on the lower veinlets. — Plum. Fil. t. 111. — P. meniscioides, Liebm. — 2 '-3 high;
segments 4-8-jugal, longer 6" long, 1)" broad. — Hab. Jamaica!, Wils., March; S. Vin-
cent !, Guild. ; Trinidad !, Loclch. ; [Cuba ! and Mexico ! to Venezuela ! and Guiana !].

286. P. flavopunctatum, Kaulf. Leaf pinnatisect, glabrescent, pellucid-dotted with
yellowish points : segments oblong-linear, acuminate, coarsely cuneate-serrate, sessile at
the oblique, upward produced base, shortly decurrent, lower largest : veinlets distant,
3-6-jugal, free, lowest second or third pair approaching at the sinus : rhachis pa-
leaceous, obtusely 4-gonal below ; sori distant, chiefly on the lower veinlets. — Plum . Fil. t.
38. — Aspidium rotuudatum, W. — 3-6' high : lower segments 6"-10" long, 8'"-12'" broad.
— Hab. Jamaica (Ilook.)-, Dominica!, Imr., S. Vincent!, Guild.; [French islands!;
Mexico to Guiana! and Peru].

287- P- obliteratum, Sw. ! Leaf pinnatisect, glabrous : segments lanceolate, serrate,
or chiefly the uppermost pinnatifid-serrate, tapering at both subentirc ends, lower peliolu-
late, as large, superior adnate-decurrent : veinlets simple, 6-10-jugal, lower anastomosing
and forming a vein that runs into the sinus : rhachis puberulous, sub-3-gonal ; sori approxi-
mate to the middle, serial : series extending to the lower veinlets. — Approaching Aspidium
Imrayanum, Hook., but segments uot upward produced at the base, and with a long spe-
cial vein below the sinus, often unconnected with the appendage of the lowest anastomosis.
— 3-4' high; segments 6-10-jugal, 6"-8" long, 1" broad. — IIab. Jamaica!, Sw., iu moun-
tain-woods.

*** Veins costate.

288. P. blecbnoides, Sw. Leaf pinnatisect : segments lanceolate, entire below the
serrate, narrowly acuminate apex .- veins costate, approximate, simple or 2-partite, no
veinlets; sori dorsal toward the base of the veins or scattered. — Hook. Gen. t. 42, B.
Hook. Grev.Ic.t. 232. Alsophila, Hook. P. rosscatum, IF. (Amphidcsmium, Schott). P.

698

FILICES.

Parkevi, Hook. Grev. — On its habitual relation to Saccoloma elegans, conf. Gotting. Naehrich-
ten, 1863, p. 107. — “Arboreous;” segments 15"-6" long, 1" broad. — Hab. Trinidad (/.
Sin.); [Guatemala; Panama!; Guiana; Brazil; Pern].

Sect. 2. Eupolypodium. — Sori terminal , rarely lateral or subterminal : veinlels thickened
at the summit. — Leaf usually simply pinuatisect-entire : petiole jointed at the base.

A. Leaf pinnatisect or pinnatipartite.

§ 1. Most veinlets in a loose network : son at the point of union, or exterior series at
the end of free appendages of the meshes (Phlebodium, R. Br.).

289. P. aureum, L. Leaf pinnatipartite, membranaceous-chartaceous, glaueescent,
glabrous : segments oblong-linear, repand, distant by the broadly decurrent base : many of
the exterior meshes with interior, sterile appendages ; sori 2(3-l)-serial. — Plum. Fil. t. 76.
— Variable in the development of the terminal segment, and the segments either entire or
remotely serrulate. — Leaf 3'-5'(— 1') long: longest segments 8" long, 1" broad, usually 1"
distant from each other : from the latter character Sckkuhr’s figure (Crypt, t. 12. inf.),
usually quoted, is doubtful, and belongs probably to P. dulce, L. (Plum. Fil. t. 80 ; Sieb.
Mart. 239), approaching the following species. — Uab. Jamaica, on trees (SI.) ; [Cuba! and
Mexico ! to Guiana ! and Brazil !].

290. P. areolatum, Kth. (sec. Metten.in PI. TFr.). Leaf pinnatipartite, chartaceous,
glaucous beneath, glabrous : segments lanceolate or oblong-linear, subentire, separated by a
narrow, rounded sinus: exterior meshes devoid of interior sterile appendages ; sori 1 (-2)-
serial. — P. drynarioides, Gr. PL Carib. P. glaucinum. Mart. Gal. (Mem. Brux. 15. t. 2.
f. 1). P. pul'vinatum, Lie. : a form less glaucous, with the terminal segment less deve-
loped.— 3-1' high; longer segments 4"-6"(-9") long, 6"'-10'"(-12'") broad, 3"'-4"' distant
from each other at the base. — Hab. Jamaica !, TVils., on trees ; S. Vincent !, Guild. ; [Cuba !
and Mexico ! to Brazil ! ; Galapagos !].

§ 2. Most or lower veinlets in a loose network : all sori at the end of solitary, free
appendages of the meshes (Goniophlebium, Pr.).

291. P. neriifolium, Schk. Leaf pinnatisect, chartaceons, glabrous : segments dis-
tant, lanceolate or lanceolate-linear, acuminate, entire, or repand, often slightly falcate,
obliquely adnate at the cuneate base, superior shortly decurrent ; sori 2-1 (-“ 3 ”) -serial.—
Schk. Crypt, t. 15. — P. gladiatum, Kze. : a glaueescent form with lanceolate-linear segments
and impressed sori. P. xiphophorum, Kze. ! : the form with uniserial sori. — 2'-3' high ;
longest segments 6"-4" long, 1 0" -6'" broad, 1"— S'" distant from each other. — Hab. Jamaica !,
Macf. ; Dominica !, Imr. ; Trinidad !, Parker ; [Cuba ! and Mexico ; to Brazil !].

292. P. surrucuchense, Hook. ! Leaf pinnatisect, chartaceous : segments distant,
lanceolate-linear, acuminate, entire, rounded at the often oblique, sessile base ; sori 1-serial,
contiguous. — Hook. Ic. t. 69— Habit of P. cordatum, Kze. (Metten, Polyp, t. 2. f. 1), of
which it is probably a form with less developed veinlets aud the segments less auricled at
the base. The West Indian form is glabrous, while in the original Cuei^a specimens the
leaf is puberulous beneath— 1' high ; segments 3i"-2" long, 4'" broad, 12"'— 6'" distant
from each other. — Hab. Jamaica!, Wiles; Dominica !, Imr. ; [Ecuudor !].

293. P. chnoodes, Spreng. Leaf pinnatisect, chartaceons, pubescent: segments
slightly distant, lanceolate-acuminate, entire, or repand, usually (ideate, not tapering at the
equal or semicordate base, broadly adnate; sori 2(1-“ 3 ”)-serial. — P. rubiginosum, L’Her-

I it— 2' high ; longer segments 4''-3" long, G'"-7'" broad, 4'"— 6'" distant from each

0t,lleV— Hab. Jamaica I, Pd., Wils. ; Dominical, Imr., S. Vincent!, Guild.; Trinidad!,
Pd. ; [Cuba 1 to French islands ! ; Venezuela 1].

294. P. loriceum, L. Leaf pinnatisect, membranaceous-chartaceous, glabrcsccnt :
segments 'contiguous , lanceolate-acuminate, entire, or repand, nearly horizontal, broadly,
adnate at the upward produced base ; sori 1-2-serial. — Plum. Fil. t. 78.— 1 s'- 3' high ;
longer scents 3"-2" long, 6"'-4"' broad, l'"-3"' distant fron: each other -Hab
Jamaica!, Pd., Bancr. ; Dominical, Imr., b. Vincent!, Guild.; [Cuba! aud Mexico!
to Brazil I].

FILICES.

G99

§ 3. Few veinlets connected in a network, most free: leaf and petiole scaly

(Lepicystis, J. Srn.).

295. P. incanum, Sic. Low: leaf pinnatipartite, coriaceous, glabrescent above,
densely covered with rusty scales beneath .- segments distant , oblong-linear, bluntish, invo-
lute, usually subentire, connected by the narrowly decurrent and upward dilated base, most
equal- sori 1-serial. — Schk. Crypt . t. 11. b. — P. velatum, Schk. Acrosticbum polypo-
dioides, Z.— 4"-l' high ; most segments 6'"-8"' loug, If "-2'" broad, 2"'-6"' distant from
each other. — Hab. Jamaica!, all co/L, on trees ; S. Vincent ! ; Trinidad!, Schk.; [Southern
United States ! and Cuba 1 to Uruguay ! ; Galapagos 1 ; tropical Africa].

§ 4. All vein! ets free, (“ rarely a feio anastomosing ,”) (Ctenopteris, Bl.).

* Veinlets divided or 2 -fid, mixed with simple ones.

296. P. dissixnile, L. Leaf pinnatisect, membranaceous- chartaceous, glabrous : seg-
ments distant, lanceolate or lanceolate-linear, acuminate, repand, superior obliquely adnale
at the upward dilated, lowest subsessile at the cuneate base: veinlets dichotomously
branched (sometimes partly anastomosing) ; sori oval, terminating the lower anterior
branches of the veinlets. — Schk. Crypt, t. 14. — P. sororium, Kth. — Habit of P neriifo-
lium, Schk. — 2'- 3' high: longer segments 5"-6" long, 8",-10w broad, S"'-10'" distant
from each other at the base. — Hab. Jamaica ( Sw .); Dominica!, lmr., S. Viucent !,
Guild. ; [Cuba ! and Mexico ! to Venezuela ! and Peru !].

297. P- pectinatura, Z. Leaf pinnatisect, elastical-chartaceous, puberulous , much
longer than the petiole : segments regularly alternate, horizontal, linear from a subequal,
subulate, adnate base, bluntish, usually entire, most contiguous or slightly cohering : vein-
lets dichotomously branched or bilid ; sori terminating the anterior branches of the veinlets.

- — Plum . Fil. t. 83. — P. Sehltuhrii, Radd. {Schk. Crypt. 1. 17- b. sinislr .) : a form with the
lowest segments not decurrent. — l1— 3/(— 51) high; segments 9',,-18"' long, 2"' broad above
the base.

a. Most segments approximate, separated by an acute sinus. — P. lomariiforme, Kze .,
Metten. ! : a form with subfalcate segments, the lowest distant.

simile, L. Segments distant, separated by a rounded sinus, or the base produced at
both sides like a wing. — SI. t. 32: quoted by Linnmus. — P. Otites, IF., Metten.! {non Sw.).

Hab. Jamaica!, Macf, Bauer.; Dominica !, Irnr. ,- [Cuba ! to Brazil !].

298. P. taxifolium, Z. Leaf pinnatisect, rigid-coriaceous, glabrale from fugacious
pilose down beneath, shortly petioled, tapering at both ends : segments regularly alternate,
nearly horizontal, lanceolate-linear or linear, from a subequal, subulate, adnate base, con-
tiguous, entire, revolute at the margin : most veinlets 2 -fid, “ some dichotomously branched,”
all free: rhachis rusty-pilose; sori terminating the anterior branches of the veinlets. —
Plum. Fil. t. 89. — P. Plumula, W. — 6"-12" high ; middle segments S"'-12"' long, 21"
broad at the base. — Hab. Jamaica !, Pd. ; [Haiti ! and Mexico 1 to Ecuador 1 and Brazil 1].

299. P. curvatum, Sw. Leaf deeply pinnatipartite, elastical-chartaceous, granular-
pidjerulous beneath, subsessile or shortly petioled : segments regularly alternate, spreading,
lanceolate-linear from an obliquely subulate, adnate base, bluntish, repand-cutire, all
cohering at the base, lowest much decurrent, deltoid: veinlets partly 2-fid, partly simple ;
sori terminating the anterior branches of the veinlets. — P. Morilzianum, Lk. in PI. Moritz. !
P. curvatum, Metten. {PI. Lechl.), is distinguished by pinnatisect leaves, a longer petiole,
and pilose down. — Cmspitose, about 1' long, ascending; most segments 1" long, 2"' broad
above the base. — Hab. Jamaica!, Pd., on trees near the mountain-peaks; [Guadeloupe;
Venezuela! to Ecuador!].

300. P. Otites, Sw. {non IF.). Leaf pinnatisect, elliptical-membranaceous, puberu-
lous at the ribs or glabrescent, much longer than the petiole : segments distant, spreading,
linear from an obliquely adnate, narrowly decurrent base, sinuate (or serrulate), bluntish :
rhachis puberulous: veinlets partly 2-fid, partly simple; sori terminating the anterior
branches of the veinlets. — Plum. Fil. t. 85. — P. teunifolium, Kth. P. decipiens, Hook.
(Spec. t. 279. B) : a form with partly serrate, and P. pilipcs, Hook. ( 1c . t. 221), with
detected segments. — tr-12" high; segments 8,,,-12w long, l£m broad. — Hab. Jamaica!,
Macf., IFi/es ; [Cuba ! and Venezuela ! to Peru !].

9 -/

700

PILICES.

** Veinlels simple or with a reduced hranclilet , which supports the sorus.

301. P. asplenifolium, L. Leaf pinnatisect, flaccid-membranaceous, rusty-pilose
chiefly along the margin, shortly petioled: segments regularly alternate, horizontal, ovate-
oblong, blunt, broadly adnate, upward rounded and downward produced at the base, all
contiguous, most equal : veinlels apparently simple, hut producing about the middle a
minute anterior hranclilet, which supports the lateral sorus. — Plum. Fit. 1. 102. A.
Molten. Polypod. t. 1 . f. 16 : the veinlets. — P. suspensum, Sieb. Mart. 242. — l'-lJ.' long;
segments 6"'-8"' long, 4'" broad above the base. — 11ab. Jamaica {Sw.) ; [Martinique!].

302. P. suspensum, L. Leaf pinuatisect, elastical-chariaceous, rusty-pilose at the
margin or glabresceut, supported by a slender, pendulous petiole : segments regularly al-
ternate, nearly horizontal, shortly oblong-lanceolate, pointed or bluntish, broadly adnate at
the subequal base, entire, all contiguous, most equal : veinlets apparently simple, but often
producing about the middle a minute anterior hranclilet : soil lateral on the latter (rarely
terminating a simple veinlet). — Plum. Til. t. 87. dextr. P. laxifrons, Liebm. !, and P.
arcuatum, Moritz!: a form with longer segments : in a variety (par. brachylobum, Gr. ;
Wr. Cub. 808) with short (4'" long) lobes, several veinlets are provided with terminal sori.
— 1|'-3' long; segments 6'" (-12'") long, 3"'-2"' broad.— Hab. Jamaica !, JV., Mils., on
trees; S. Vincent !, Guild. ; [Cuba 1 and Mexico ! to Brazil !].

303. P. cultratum, IF., Metten. ! i/M/ pinnatisect, elaslical-membranaceous, rusty-
pilose chiefly along the margin, subsessile : segments regularly alternate, nearly horizontal,
shortly oblong-lanceolate or ovate, blunt or bluntish, broadly adnate at the subequal base,
entire or few-crenate-repand, most distant by half their breadth, lowest shorter : veinlets
simple ; sori terminal.— Plum. Fil. t. 88. — Very variable in the size and form of the seg-
ments.; li'-3" long, ascending or pendulous; segments 6'"-3"'(-8'"-2"') long, 2"'-3"'

broad.

a. Segments ovate-oblong or shortly oblong-lanceolate, 6"'-3'" long.

/3. bracliyphyllum. Segments obliquely ovate or ovate-roundish, truncate at the lower,
rounded and usually crenate at the upper margin. — P. elasticum, Eat. {PL Wr. 1018).

Hab. Jamaica !,' Pd., Bancr., Wits., on trees in the mountains (a, ff) ; [Cuba ! to Guade-
loupe ! ; Venezuela ! to Peru ! and Brazil ! ; tropical Africa to Mauritius],

304. P. pendulum, Sw. Leaf pinnatisect, elastical-chariaceous, subsessile, or shortly
petioled : segments regularly alternate, spreading, oblong, blunt, all contiguous at the
broadly adnate, obliquely subulate base, entire, most equal: veinlets simple ; sori terminal
or “lateral.” — Sch/c. Crypt, t. 10. cle.rtr.— 4"-12" long : segments li'" broad and as much

distant above the dilated base. ,

a. Segments 8",-4',' long. — P. pendulum, Metten. ex Sieb. Syuops. 52 : but the son in
our specimens are terminal. P. venustum, PL Carib.

13. jubiforme, Kaulf., Metten.! Low; segments 2"'-3"' long.— P. pendulum, Sw.
Herb. ! : but his description regards a. P. confusum, J. Sm.l P. parvulum, Metten. Sw.
Herb. : intermediate between a and /3.

Hab. Jamaica!, Sw. {13); Dominica!, Imr., on trees; Trinidad!, Cr. {$) ; [l'rcnch
islands!; Venezuela!; Brazil!].

305. P. flabelliforme, Lam . Leaf pinnatipartite, elaslical-membranaceous, glabrous,
subsessile: segments regularly alternate, spreading, oblong or ovate, blunt, entire or crenate
chieflv at the upper margin, obliquely adnate and cohering by the decurrent base most
equal': veinlets simple ; sori terminal.— 3"-8" long ; segments 4"_-2 long, 2 -1 broad.
Hab. Dominica 1, Imr., S. Vincent !, Guild,; [Portoricol; Guiana.; Brazil .J.

306. P. moniliforme, Cav. Leaf piunatiseot, rigid-coriaceous, glabrous or glabres-
cent beneath, shortly petioled or subsessile : segments regularly alternate, nearly horizontal,
very shortly oblong, minded or half-round, entire or crenate, revolute at the margin,
broadly adnate at the base, all contiguous, most equal : veinlets apparently simple ; sort
lateral at length confluent.— Plum. Fit. t. 87. sin. Kze. Farnkr. t. 133. /. 1.— P. Ilabcl-
lifonne Sw. { non Lam.). P. suberenatum, lIook.-‘i"-%"{-\2") long, often pendulous ;
segments 2,"(-l"/) long, broad. — Hab. Jamaica !, Pd., on trees on the summit ol

the Blue Mountains ; [Cuba ! and Mexico ! to Peru !].

FILICES.

701

*** Sori single in each segment.

307. p. trichomanoides, Sw. Leaf pinnatisect, elastieal-chartaceous, pilose with

scattered hairs chiefly beneath (or glabrate), shortly petioled or subsessile : segments regu-
larly alternate, spreading, very shortly oblong or ovate, rounded, entire, contiguous by the
decurrent, broadly adnale base, lowest decrescent: veins apparently simple : sort single,
lateral, approximate to the upper margin of the primary vein at its base.—5cM. Crypt, t.
10. sin.-P. truucicola, KL- 2"-6"(-8") long; segments long,. l'"-f

H ab. Jamaica!, Marl., Wiles, Pd., on trees of the highest mountains; S. \mcent.,
Guild. ; Trinidad !, Lockh. ; [Cuba ! to Trench islands 1 ; Panama 1 to Ecuador . and Brazil . ;
Juan Fernaudez !].

308. P. exiguum, Gr. (n. sp). Leaf pinnatisect, elastical-chartaceous, glabrous,
subsessile or shortly petioled : segments regularly alternate, spreading , half -ovate, blunt,
entire or often unicrenate at the upper rounded margin, distant, but contiguous at the nar-
rowly decurrent, broadly adnate base, lowest decrescent, more distaut : primary vein

sori single, terminal on its anterior brancblet. — Rhizome capillary ; leaves csespitose a -«<
long, flexuose : segments 1'"-$" long, f" broad, their points 1"' distant from each othei :
single anterior branch of the vein near its base about half as long as it. — Hab. Jamaica.,
Pd., on trees on the summit of the Blue Mountains, very rare.

B . Leaf pinnatifid.

309. P. comptonifolium, Desv. Leaf pinnatifid to one-third or one-fourth, oblong-
lanceolate, cuneate at the base, beariug scattered hairs, or glabrescent, membranaceous, sup-
ported by a slender petiole : lobes obliquely ovate, bluntish : sinus ovate : veinlets free
(“ rarely a few anastomosing ”), with a single, often reduced, anterior branchlet, which is
terminated by the sorus. — Hook. Grev. Ic. t. 42.— P. scolopendroides, Hook.. Grev. {non L).
P. trifur catum, L. : this name is taken from a monstrosity, figured hy Plunder (Fil. t. 138).
— 8"-12" long; blade 6"-8" long, 1" broad, upper margin of the lobes about 3'" long. —
Hab. Jamaica!, Macf., Bancr. ; [Portorico ! to Ecuador!].

C. Leaf entire.

§ 1. Veins and veinlets in a loose network ; sori at or below the summit of free (some-
times reduced) or anastomosing appendages of the meshes (Goniophlebium and
Phlebodium.)

* Sori 1 -serial.

310. P. piloselloides, L. Leaves chartaceous, difform, hairy with scattered, palea-
ceous down, sterile ovate-lanceolate or ovate-oblong (rarely oblong-lanceolate), blunt or
bluntish, cuneate at the petioled base , fertile lanceolate, tapering into the petiole : larger
meshes in the fertile 1-serial; sori hairy, 1-serial along the midrib, terminal on a single ap-
pendage (or “ at its anastomosis with a recurrent veinlet ”). — Plum. Fil. 1. 118. Hook. Gen.
t. 51. analyl. — Leaves scattered along a filiform, long rhizome, 6"'-18,"(-2|") long, stertile
4"'-0'", fertile 2"'-3'" broad : petiole 3"'-6"' long. — Hab. Jamaica!, Wiles, Pd. ; Domi-
nica !, Imr., S. Vincent !, Guild. ; [Cuba! to French islands ! ; Venezuela ! to Ecuador !].

311. P. vaccinifolium, Fisch. Langsd. Leaves coriaceous, difform, glabrescent, sub-
sessile, or shortly petioled, sterile ovate-oblong or lanceolate-oblong, blunt, cuneate at the
base, fertile lanceolate-linear , tapering at both ends : meshes not visible on the polished
surface ; sori glabrous, 1-serial, distaut from the midrib, sunk into the leaf, “ terminal on
simple appendages.” — Habit of the preceding, hut petiole l'"-2'" long ; leaves usually
8"'-2" long, sterile 5 '"-4"', fertile 2"' broad. — Hab. Trinidad (Metlen.) : [Venezuela;
Brazil !].

312. P. salicifoliura, W. Leaf coriaceous, glabrous, lanceolate or lanceolate-linear,
bluntish, narrowly tapering into the subsessile base: larger meshes sub-l-scrial ; sori
1-serial, terminal on a simple appendage or at its anastomosis with a recurrent veinlet. —
Rhizome creeping, with rusty, usually oppressed scales ; leaves scattered, with a petiole-like
base, 4"-l 4" long, 5"'-2"' broad. — Hab. Jamaica!, Wiles; [Cuba! to Brazil!; Galapa-
gos!; S, Helena!; tropical Africa!].

0

702

FIL1CES.

313. P. serpens, aw. ! Leaf charlaceous , glabrous, undalate-repand, lanceolate, or

linear, tapering into the short petiole: larger meshes sub- 1 -serial ; sort 1-serial, terminal on
a simple appendage or at its anastomosis with a recurrent veinlet. — /-Viwz. Fit. 1. 121. —
Rhizome long, scaudent along trees and shrubs: its rusty scales spreading; leaf 6"-2"(-8")
long, 2"'-6"'(-8"') broad : petiole long.— Hab. Jamaica!, Stv.j [Cuba! to French

islands].

314. P. lycopodioides, L. Leaf charlaceous, glabrous, lanceolate, or oblong-lanceo-
late, tapering into the short petiole : meshes sub-3-serial, second series larger ; sori 1-serial,
equidistant from the midrib and margin, inserted at the anastomosis of several ascending
and recurrent veinlets. — Plum. Fil. t. 119. — Leaf 8"-3" long, l|"-6"'' broad. — 11ab. Ja-
maica !, Bancr. ; Dominica !, Imr. ; [French islands !, Sieb. "Mart . 244 ; Mexico ! to Uru-
guay ! ; trop. Africa!].

315. P. elongatnm, Melten. Leaf coriaceous , variegated with scattered, minute
oppressed, roundish scales, linear-lanceolate, narrowly tapering into the sub sessile base :
“larger meshes 1-serial;1’ sori 1-serial, oval, or oval-oblong, at length confluent, “inserted
at the anastomosis of 2 ascending appendages,” parallel to the midrib. — Schk. Crypt, t. 7.
fg. inf. sin. : the state with partially confluent sori. — Metien. Polypod. t. 2. /. 8. 9. : the

veins. — Grammitis, Sw. G. lanceolata, Schk. — Leaf 7"-2" long, 4"'-2"' broad. — Hab.
Jamaica 1, Macf. ; Dominica !, Imr., S. Vincent !, Guild. ; [Cuba 1 to French islands 1, Sieb.
Mart. 348 ; Mexico 1 to Brazil !].

316. P. lanceoiatum, L. Leaf coriaceous, variegated beneath with scattered, minute
roundish scales, lanceolate, tapering into a slender petiole: larger meshes 1-serial ; sori
1-serial, large, roundish, “inserted at the anastomosis of 2 ascending appendages.” — Plum.
Fil. t. 138. Metien. Poly pod. t.'i.f. 16 : the veins. — P. lepidotmn, W. — Leaf 8"-4"(-3")
long, 12"'-6",(-3'") broad : petiole 3"(-l|") long ; sori 4"'-2"' diam. — Hab. Jamaica 1,
Pd., common, on dry rocks ; [Mexico! to Brazil!; Juan Fernandez, S. Helena!, trop.
Africa ! to the Cape! and Bourbon !].

** Sori scattered, or in several series.

317. P. angustifolium, Sw. Leaf coriaceous, glabrous, narrowly linear-lanceolate ,
long-laperina into the rielio/e, involute at the margin : meshes 2-3-serial : sori 2-3-serial,
at or below the end of simple, ascending appendages. — Melten. Fil. Lips. A 24./. 6. a. b. —
P. tEeniosum, II ., Melten J,L'at. P. vexatum, Eat. 17 {Campy loneurum cubense, Fee). — Leaf
2'-i' long, 10"'-3"' broad. — Hab. Jamaica!, Pd., on dry banks and trees : [Cuba! and
Mexico ! to Brazil ! and Peru !]

Ol allied species, pi oLably occurring in Jamaica, I distinguish P. fasciale, W. (Cuba, PI.
Wright. 1020) by broader, chartaceous leaves with the repand margin flat ; and P. ensifo-
limn, W. (Kl. in PI. Sello. ! ; P. solutum, Kl. in Kze. Farukr. t. 117. 2 ; P. angustifolium,
Lai. PI. PendL 224) by 1-serial sori, and linear leaves tapering into a subsessile base.

§ 2. Vi ins straight, costate : sori on appendages of the anastomosing veinlets (Cyrtopldebiuin,

R. Br., or Campyloueuron, Pr.) , or at the point of anion of a compound anastomosis

(Anaxetum. Schott, or Pleuridium, Pr.).

318. P. Phyllitidis, L. Leaf rigid-cliartaccous, glabrous, lanceolate-oblong, or oblong-
linear, repand, long-tapering into the petiolcd or subsessile base : veinlets arched-transverse,
forming 2-1 meshes ; sori 2{-i)-serial between the straight veins, inserted below the end of
simple, ascending appendages. — Variable, but the forms, often confounded, present no cer-
tain characters. Leaf 3'— V long.

a. Swartzianwn. Leaf lanceolate-oblong, bluntish (or acute), 3"-'2}f{-2") broad. —
Plum. Fil. t. 130: an unusually narrow-leaved form; A 131 {P. com os urn, L.) : a mon-
strosity of it. Metien. Fit. Lips. t. 24./. 1. 2. — P. Phyllitidis, Sw., Kze. {PL Kappl. 1386).
P. repens, Melten. (non Sw.) Eat. PL Wr. 1021. Campyloueuron Moritzianum, Fee.

fi. repens, Sw. Leaf oblong-linear, acuminate with a narrow point, 2"-l )"(l"-2£")
broad: petiole usually longer. — Plum. Fit. t. 134: an unusually broad-leaved form. Mel-
ten. Fil. Lips. t. 24./. 4. 5. — P. Phyllitidis, Sieb. Marl. 243, Melten. in PI. Rugel. Cub.,
Kze. in PI. Kegel. ii>8. P. ceespitosutn, Lk.l P. chrysonodon, KL!

IIab. Jamaica!, Macf., Bancr.; S. Vincent!, Guild.; [Cuba! and Mexico !, to Brazil !].

o

EILICES.

703

310 P. crassifoliura, L. Leaf coriaceous, glabrous, lanceolate-oblong, narrowly ta-
pering into the short petiole: meshes between the straight veins trre^tor, provided with
appendages ; son 1 -serial between the veins, inserted at ihe .a,^tomoslsv%lf , 4
rlnn. Fil t. 123. Hook. Gen. t. 29 : WyA-Leaf 6 -2 iong, 5"-2» broad.-HAB
Jamaica!; Dominica !, Imr., S. Vincent!, Guild.; Trinidad 1 5 [Cuba, and Mexico! to
Brazil ! aud Bolivia ! ; Galapagos !].

43. GRAMMITIS, Sw.

Sori oval, or oblong, confined to the upper part of the entire leaf, 1 -serial, or confluent,
dorsal on a single, free veiulet, naked— Low Ferns; veinlets slender at the summit m our
species.

320. G. marginella, Sw. Leaf spatkulate-linear, or linear, blunt, tapering into the

short petiole, glabra te : veins simple in the sterile part of the leaf, not excurrent into t e
discolor, thickish, often ciliate margin ; sori parallel to the midrib, confluent.— Sch/c. Crypt,
t. 7. fig. sap. dextr. — Pol vp o d i u in , flto.-Leaf 2"-4"(-8") long, broad.— Hab. Ja-

maica!, Baacr., Fd., on trees, Blue Mountain Peaks; [Portonco ! to French islands.;
Mexico! to Peru!; S. Helena!, Madagascar !, East Indies!].

321. G. linearis, Sw. Leaf linear, pointed, cuneate above the slender, puberulous pe-

tiole, glabrous, or subciliate : veins 2-fid: both branches excurrent into the margin the
anterior fertile near its base ; sori parallel to the midrib. Sch/c. Crypt, t. 7- Fd'SUp.med.
Polvpodium gramineum, Sw. — Leaf 3"-5" long, broad : petiole 6 -12 long.

— Hab. Jamaica!, on trees in the Blue Mountains; S, Vincent!; [Guiana, S. Helena,
East Indies],

44. XIPHOPTERIS, Kaulf.

Sori oval, confluent, confined to the upper, convex-concave part of the leaf, embraced by
its margin, inserted into the lower part of the simple veins, naked : veins slender. A minute
lem ; leaf linear, pinnatifid, or pinnatipartite below the shorter, fertile part, subsessile :
lobes or segments regularly alternate.

322. X. serrulata, Kaulf— Sch/c. Crypt, t. l.fig. inf. dextr. Me, Polypod. t. 10. B.
— Asplenium, Sw. Grammitis, Sw. Polypodium, Metten. — 1 ,,-4" high ; lobes or seg-
ments obliquely deltoid, pointed. ,

a. Leaf pinnatifid below the repand fertile part, broad: lobes as long as the

breadth of the rhachis.

fi, myosuroides, Kaulf. Leaf pinnatipartite below the serrate-pinnatifid fertile part : in-
ferior margin of the segments longer than the breadth of the rhachis. — Sch/c. Crypt, t. 7- fig.
inf, sin. — Polypodium, Sw. Grammitis, Sw.

LIab. Jamaica !, At., summit of the Blue Mountains (a), (Sw. J3) ; Dominica l, Imr., S. Vin-
cent!, Guild, (a) ; Trinidad !, Or. (a) ; [most tropical countries; 0 : Mexico to Brazil!].

Subseries 2. Cyatliese. — Receptacle prominent (except in Lophosoria). Sporangia with
an oblique, complete ring. — Stem arboreous.

45. LOPHOSORIA, Prl.

(Trichosorus, Liebm.)

Son round, villous, dorsally inserted on the lowest, simple veinlet : receptacle fiat, no in-
dusium. — Stems low, “ sub ccespilose.fi unarmed: leaves 3 -pinnatisecl : secondary segments
decurrent, tertiary pinnatipartite, quaternary with free, simple, pinnate, ‘3-i-jugal veinlets.

323. L. pruinata, Pr.—Schk. Crypt, t. 25. Polypodium, Sw. P. griseum, Sch/c.
Alsopbila, Kaulf. — Leaves glaucous beneath, villous at the rhachis, woolly at the base ot the
petiole: primary segments about 2', secondary 6”-4", tertiary quaternary l-y"-2"r

long, the latter oblique, pointed, or bluutish, entire. — Hab. Jamaica!, Idles, At., in moun-
tain-woods; [Mexico! to Southern Chile ! ; Juan Fernandez !].

46. CYATHEA, Sm,

Sori globose, inserted into the back or at the forking of a veinlet : indusinm complete,
closed at first dehiscent : receptacle prominent. — Veiidets pinnate , free , forked, or simple.

704

FILICES.

324. C. arborea, Sm. “Unarmed leaves 2-pinnatisect : secondary segments pinnati-
partite, subsessile, serrate at the acuminate summit, tertiary falcate -oblong, bluntish, cre-
nulate-repand, lower fertile from the base to beyoud the middle ; indusium circumscissile
near the top, at length hemispherical , with the margin entire : receptacle columnar, entire.
— Plum. Fit. t. 1. 2. Hook. Glen. t. 23. — Polypodium, L. C. Grevilleana, Mart. C.
elegans, Heward. — Trunk “ 10'-12' high, 6" thick ” {Plum) ; ultimate segments 6'" long,
lk"1 broad; “petiole scaly.” — Hab. Jamaica I, Bancr., IPils., Al. ; S. Vincent!, Guild.;
[Cuba! to Brazil !].

325. C. Serra, TP. “ Muricate leaves 2-pinnatisect : secondary segments piunati-
partite, sessile, serrate at the narrowly acuminate summit, tertiary falcate-oblong, bluntish,
serrulate above, lower fertile from the base to or beyond the middle ; indusium circumscis-
sile at the middle, at length shallow cup-shaped, entire at the margin : receptacle clavate,
at length often 2-lobed. — Hoolc. Spec. t. 9. al . — C. arborea, Kz. (Disphenia, Pr.). — Trunk
“ 30' high, or more ” {Pd.) ; ultimate segments 4"'-6,,, long, V"-lk'" broad. — PIab. Ja-
maica !, Pd., Harlw., in woods above Bath, in mountain-woods, S. Mary’s; Dominica!,
Jmr., S. Vincent!, Guild.; [Cuba! to French islands ! ; Venezuela to Brazil].

326. C. Tussarii, Besv. Leaves 2-pinnatisect : secondary segments pinnatipartite,
sessile, serrate at the acuminate summit, tertiary subfalcate-oblong-linear, bluntish, entire
or serrulate at the upper part, glaucous beneath, fertile near the base only : rhachis hairy ,
unarmed; indusium bursting to the base into broad irregular valves : receptacle globose,
entire. — Ultimate segments 4'" long, 1"' broad. — Hab. Jamaica ! (Tuss) ; S. Vincent !, Bory ;
[Guadeloupe !].

327. C. muricata, TP.,Kauf. Leaves 2-pinnatisect : secondary segments pinuatipar-
tite, sessile, obtusely serrate at the short, contracted, blunt summit, tertiary oblong, blunt,
crenate, or obtusely &e.TtsA&, fertile to about the middle: rhachis muricate ; indusium cut
to the base into irregular fragments : receptacle globose, entire. — Plum. Fit. t. 4. — C. Im-
rayana, Hook. ! : but his figure {Spec. t. 9. B.) approaches the preceding by subentire seg-
ments.— Trunk “ 15-20' high ” {IPils.) ; ultimate segments 4'" long, 1|'" broad : “petiole
scaly.” — Hab. Jamaica !, IPils., JPi/es, Bancr., in the mountains, Catherine’s Peak, at 5000'
alt. ; Dominica; [French islands!, Sieb. Mart. 374].

328. C. gracilis, Gr.(n.sp). Leaves 2-pinnatisect : primary and secondary segments
petioled, the latter pinnatipartite, obtusely serrate at the tapering-linear, bluntish point,
tertiary oblong, blunt, serrate at the recurved margin, slightly dilated at the base, glabres-
cent, fertile to near the summit, or beyond the middle : rhachis hairy : petiole muricate ;
indusium. bursting into subregular valves to near the cup-like base : receptacle small, en-
tire.— Allied to C. divergens, Kze., but segments much smaller. Trunk “very slender”
{Pd.) ; prickles of the petiole short, scattered on both sides ; primary segments ovate-oblong,
] l" distant from each other, their petiole 1" long, secondary ovate-lauceolate, inferior 2',
their partial petiole 2"'-3'" long, ultimate inferior 4'"-5'" long, 1 broad. — Hab.
Jamaica!, Pd., Fox Gap.

329. C. tenera, Hook. “ Unarmed;” leaves 2-pinnatisect : primary segments shortly
petioled, their rhachis margined chiefly above by the narrowly decurrent secondary seg-
ments, the latter subsessile, pinnatipartite, shortly acuminate, serrate at the point, tertiary
oblong, blunt, serrulate at the summit, glabrous, fertile to about the middle ; indusium at
length irregularly shallow cup-sliaped , or dimidiate, subentire : receptacle minutely globose.
—Alsophila, J. Sm.— Iu the same leaf the iudusia pass from the character of Cyathea into
the dimidiate scale of such species as have hitherto beeu referred to Hemitelia: thus the
description of C. multijlora , Sm. {Hemitelia, It. Br.) would agree, except iu the larger size
of the segments. Secondary segments 2'' long, 8'" broad (iu C. multijlora said to be 4
long, 1" broad), ultimate 4'" long, 1-j'" broad; sori distant. IIab. S. V iucent !, Ca/ey ;
[Darien (/. 5m.)) ; C. multijlora, Sm. : Jamaica, [Guiana].

47. ALSOPHILA, R. Br.

Character of Cyathea, but indusium reduced to a palea, or none, rarely dimidiate-inferior.

330. A. aspera, 11. Br. Leaves 2-pinnatisect: petiole prickly, curved below with
shining, pale, ovate-lanceolate scales: secondary segments pinnatipartite, sessile, serrate at

FILICES.

705

the acuminate point, tertiary oblong, blunt, serrate, glabrescent, fertile to beyond the
middle : rhachis muriate , secondary villous above; indusium conspicuous,
the sores, subpersistevt : receptacle globose.-Pta. Ftl. t 3 Book Gen t. •
Cvathea, ft*.- Very prickly; secondary segments 3 loug h -8 bioad

Ion1', 4'" broad; receptacle in our specimens (Wr. Cub. lJ5U iUD/j unuiviueu
M,«“„ 3^ fh,» in the following opeeies.-Hh.. J.maie. I, W,I,.. m mount.m.
woods, at 3000' alt ; [Cuba ! to Caribbean islands],

331 A nitens, J. Sm. Leaves 2-pinnatisect : petiole muricate, with lanceolate-linear ,

acuminate scales, which are confined to its base : secondary segments pinnatifid, or deeply
pinnatifid, shortly petioled, or subsessile, bluntly serrate at the acuminate point,
subfalcate-oblong, bluntish, subentire, or bluntly serrulate above the glabi ous, tei-

tile to beyond the middle: rhachis distantly muricate, secondary hispidiilous-pubescent
above glabrous beneath; indusium. minute, concealed by the sorus: receptacle globose,
hain.-S/. 1. 56. Hook. Grev. Ic. t. 213. 215. Hook. Spec, t 19 P.-Polypodmm
spinosum, L. {ex Ic. SI). A. aspera, Hook. Grev.— Trunk 20 -30 high ; secondai y seg-
ments 3"-2" long, 6"'-10'" broad: petiolar scales 6"'-8 long, 1 broad.— Hab. Ja-

maica !, Pd., Wiles, frequent ; S. Kitts, Dominica !, S. Vincent, Guild., Montserrat ; [Cuba .,
Wr. 951, 1061].

332 A. infesta ,Kze. Leaves 2-pinnatisect : petiole “ pricldy only below : secondary

segments pinnatipartite, subsessile, serrate at the acuminate point, tertiary subfalcate-oblong,
bluntish, bluntly serrate above, or sub entire, hairy chiefly on the minutely paleaceous midrib
beueath, or glabrescent, fertile to beyond the middle : rhachis unarmed , secondary hispidu-
lous-pubcscent above, puberulous beneath ; indusium replaced by a minute palea : receptacle
globose, hairy.— A. phalerata, ft Hook. (Dominica!: A. phalerata, Mart from his figure
has a narrowly winged, secondary rhachis). A. caracasana, Kl. Little different from the
preceding, but by deeper-divided secondary segments and the unarmed rhachis ; position of
sori variable, in the same specimen either in the middle between the rib and margin, or more
approximate to the latter ; secondary segments 3" long, 8"'— 12"' broad.— Hab. Jamaica .,
Mac/.; Dominica!, Imr. ; [French islands!; Panama!, New Granada!, Peru!, Spruce,
4349, Guiana!].

333. A. ferox, Pr. Leaves 2 pinnatisect : petiole prickly, pubescent above, “bearing
ovate, acuminate, deciduous scales :” secondary segments pinnatipartite, sessile, serrulate at
the acuminate point, tertiary subfalcate, oblong-linear, blunt, serrulate above, puberulous
on the ribs beneath, fertile to beyond the middle : rhachis distantly prickly, secondary pu-
besceut above, puberulous or glabrescent beneath, tertiary pubescent on both sides ; indu-
sium none: receptacle globose, hairy.— Mart. Ic. Crypt. Bras. t. 48. A. armata, Mart,
{non Pr). A. aculeata, Kze. ! — Secondary segments 3" long, 6"'-8'" broad; prickles 3 -
6"' long.— Hab. Trinidad {J. Sm) ; [Panama!, Guiana!, Brazil!].

334. A. armata, Pr. Leaves 2-pinnatisect: petiole prickly , “closed at the base with
long, brown scales :” secondary segments pinnatipartite, sessile, serrate at the acuminate
point, tertiary subfalcate, oblong-linear, blunt, serrate to the base, villous chiefly on the
ribs beneath, fertile to the summit : rhachis muricate, second and tertiary pilose; indusium
none : receptacle globose, hairy. — Mart. Ic. Crypt. Bras. t. 49. — Polypodium, Sw. A.
Swartziana, Mart. — Trunk “ 15-301 high;” secondary segments 4"-3" long, 8"'-6m
broad. — Hab. Jamaica!, Pd., in mountain-woods, S. Georges; [Panama! Venezuela!,
Brazil !].

48. HEMITELIA, R. Br. {emend).

Sori globose, dorsally iuserted beyond the forking or near the marginal summit of simple
veinlets : indusium dimidiate-inferior, broadly embracing the sorus, persistent : receptacle
prominent. — Leaves pinnatisect, rarely it -pinnatisect : veinlets of Cyathea, but the lowest
mostly anastomosing.

Several species, presenting the habit of Cyathea and Alsophila, I exclude from Hemitelia
(c. g. II. capensis, Parkeri, guianensis, etc.), and, according to the insertion of their sori,
would transfer them to Alsophila, near A. aspera: hence my Hemitelia is the same as
Cnemidaria, Pr., while Hemitelia, Pr., is drawn to Alsophila. An exception however to
this arrangement (as often occurs at the limits of Fern-genera) is presented by Alsophila
Weigeltiana, Roem. (PI. Kappler. 1355) : for in this species 1 find the sori differently

70G

F1LICES.

inserted, either at the forking of the veinlets, or more rarely at the back of one of their
branches, though, as there is no indusium, there can be no doubt of its being an Alsophila.

335. H. horrida, 11. Br. Leaves pinnatisect : segments piwnatiparliie (or piuuatisect
at the base), sessile, secondary lanceolate-acuminate , entire or serrulate above : most vein-
lets 3-4-partite, superior free, petiole prickly; sori in a continuous, irregular, juxta-
marginal line. — Blum. Ml. 1. 8. Hook. Gen. t. 4 : analyt. — Polypodium, L. — Trunk low,
but often “ 1' diarn.” (Pd.) ; segments lF'-2', secondary 2"-8" long, the latter 6"'-8"'
broad. — Hat;. Jamaica !, Mac/., Pd., Bauer. ; S. Vincent 1 ; Trinidad ! ; [Cuba ! to French
islands ; Venezuela !, Peru !].

336. H. Kookeri, Fee. Leaves pinnatisect : segments pinnatipartite, pinnatisect at
the base, sessile, secondary lanceolate-acuminate, coarsely crenate below the subentire
summit : veinlets pinuately divided, all, except the lowest, free: rhachis muricate ; soti in
a continuous, regularly sinuate line. — Hook. Spec. t. 15. — H. horrida, Hook, (ex parte).
— Habit and proportions of the preceding, but vein-branches numerous, usually 4-3-jugal.
— Hab. Jamaica!, Macf.; [Cuba!, Lind. 1735],

337. H. Imrayana, Hook. ! Leaves pinnatisect : segments pinnatipartite, sessile,
secondary oblong-lanceolate, shortly acuminate, bluntly serrate, or subentire below the
serrulate summit : veinlets pinuately divided, all, except the lowest, free : rhachis unarmed ;
sori in a continuous, irregular, juxtamarginal line. — Hook. Ic. t. 669. — Segments V,
secondary H" long, the latter 4",-5'" broad, superior gradually shorter : veinlets usually 2-
jugal. — Hab. Dominica !, Imr. ; [Guadeloupe!].

338. El. gran difolia, Spreng. Leaves pinnatisect : segments pinnatifid to beyond the
middle, gradually less divided toward the summit, sessile: lobes oblong, blunt, serndale at
the top or subentire : most veinlets 2-3-partite, all, except the lowest, free : rhachis un-
armed : petiole “prickly;” sori in a regular, juxtamarginal line, continuous or interrupted
at the summit of the lobe, innermost approaching the midrib. — Plum. Fil. t. 26. Hook.
Spec. t. 14. B. — II. Kohautiana, Kze. ! (ex Sieb. Mart. 375). — Segments 10"-12" long,
about I5" broad, lobes 4'" broad. — -Hab. Jamaica; S. Kitts, S. Vincent ! ; Trinidad!, Loclch.;
[French islands !].

339. EE. obtusa, Kaulf. Leaves pinnatisect: segments pinnatifid to about the middle,
gradually less divided towards the summit, sessile : lobes subfalcate-oblong , bluntish, serrulate :
most veinlets simple or forked, all, except the lowest, free : ribs paleaceous beneath : rhachis
unarmed or “nearly so petiole “ prickly below ;” sori in a regular, juxtamarginal line,
continuous, innermost approaching the midrib. — Segments 6''-8" long, 1" broad, lobes 3"'
broad. — Hab. S. Vincent !, Guild. ; [Martinique ! ; Venezuela!].

340. EE. speciosa, Kaulf. (non Hook.). Leaves pinnatisect : segments shortly pinna-
tifid to about one-fourth, sessile : lobes obliquely ovate-roundish, serrulate at the rounded
summit: veinlets forked or simple, anastomosing below the sinus : ribs not paleaceous :
rhachis and petiole unarmed; sori in a regular, deeply sinuate line, continuous, exterior
parallel to the margin, innermost distant from the midrib. — Mart. Ic. Crypt. Bras. t. 48.
f. 2. Hook. Spec. t. 14. A. : sori too near the midrib. — Cyathea, Humb. sec. Kl. IL.
subiucisa, Kze. II. obtusa. Hook, (ex parte). — Segments 1' long, 1J" broad, lobes 4"'-5'"
broad. — Hab. Trinidad !, Lockh., Sch. ; [Venezuela, Guiaua 1, Peru !].

707

CORRECTIONS.

Page

5. Anona squamosa; cancel from synonyms “A. bullata, Rich.’

6. Xylopiece ; cancel “ petals valvate Oxandra Las imbricate petals.

10. Hyperbcena, Mrs., and Chondodendron, R. P., prove both to be distinct genera,
the former having exalbuminous seeds, the latter monadelphous stamens (Benth. Hoot.).

20. Steriphoma ; for “ berry globose ” read berry cylindrical-curved (Cr. in lit.).

20. Lunania ; corrections to Char. gen. : calyx closed in the bud, 2-valved to the base,
stamens 6-1 2 (-5) : anthers extrorse ; ovary with 3 (-4) placentas. Cancel “Cuba,
Linden, 2130.”

22. Thiodia comprises : 1°, Zuelania, Rich., to which the Char. gen. and T. latioides
belong; and 2°, Thiodia , Benn., not analysed by myself, but according to Planchon
(Ann. Sc. Nat. iv. 17, p. 114) devoid of glandular staminodes : it is to be compared
with my Casinga, presenting the habit of Casearia.

24. Samyda ; add to Char. gen. (from a new Cuba species) ; stamens -18, and the sta-
minal tube produced into elongated filaments.

27. Polygalece. Char. fam. : for “ perisperm ” read endosperm.

29. Badiera diversifolia ; add to diag. : seeds glabrous.

31. Eupkorbiacece. Char. fam. : for “perisperm” read endosperm.

31. Tricera fasciculata. Add syn. : Buxus Purdieana, Baill.

32. Drypeies ; cancel the note on D.glomerata: for I have seen true Drypeles-im\v& with
glomerate flowers.

34. Anisonema- ; for “ entire column ” read entire or 3-fid column.

36. Jatropha Curcas ; cancel “ a weed:” the plant grows 10'-20' high (Cr. in lit.).

44. Argytliamnia candicans : for “styles “ 4-8-fid ” read styles 2-3-8-fid.

45. Bernardia; corrections to Char, gen.: flowers dioecious or monoecious: styles 3-4-
partitc, lacerate ; seeds subglobose, ecarunculate, smooth. Pemalc flowers in axillary or
subterminal spikes.

46. Lasiocroton ; corrections to Char. gen. : $ calyx 5 (-4) -partite; stamens 10-14(-7),
inserted on the inner side of a thickish lobed disk ; $ calyx 5-partite ; styles 3, short,
thickened and lacerate-crenate above. Female flowers in axillary racemes.

50. Omphalea triandra ; cancel P. Browne’s figure.

53. Euphorbia serpens ; add syn. : E. Balbisii, Boiss., who distinguishes E. serpens by
an annual root.

55. Erymaria ; for “ styles 3 ” read style 3-partite-3-fid.

57. Bortidaca oleracea ; for “ /3. paroijlora” read fi. parvifolia, Haw.

57. P.pilosa; add: there occurs a yellow-flowered variety {March, Wright).

59. Microlea debilis ; for “ Sw. t. 10 ” read t. 12. Add : Sieb. tr. 134.

59. Rivina hevis ; for “ calyx-divisions appressed” read calyx-divisions appressed to the
fruit, at length reflexed.

65. Iresine aural a ; add syn. : Gomphrena Berteriana, Bulb. ! in Herb. Berter. Portonc.

66. Lithophila ; for “ T. Hook.” read J. D. Hook.

06. L.muscoides; add: Antigua 1, Wullschl. ; [Cuba!].

67. Altemanihera Achyranthera ; add syn.: A. fi coidea, Balb. in Herb. Berter. (non
R. Br.).

70. Pisonia nigricans ; cancel from synonyms “ P. discolor, Spr.”

3 A

708

CORRECTIONS.

75. Sida ulmifolia; add : there occurs a form with the leaves covered with stella'te down
beneath. — Hae. Antigua!, lVuUschl. ; Trinidad!, Sieb. tr. 167.

77. Wivsndn. In a form sent by Crucger from Trinidad I find 2-seeded carpels ; hence
Wissada, as Bentkam and J. D. Hooker have suggested, is better considered as a con-
gener of H'tssadula.

82. Pavonia typhaleoides ; for “ petals yellow ” read petals white (Wright).

85. Hibiscus Bancroftianus ; for “ corolla 14"' ” read corolla 14"' or shorter.

89. Helicteres semiiriloba ; add: fruit blunt at the base; syn. H. furfuracea, Rich. ;
cancel from synonyms H. trapezifolia, Rich., in which the fruit is longer and tapering
at the base.

90. Cola acuminata; for “ naturalized in Trinidad” read cultivated in Trinidad (Cr. in
lit.).

92. Buettneria microphjlla. Wright’s Cuba plant (in fruit) has crenate or dentate
leaves, while in Sir R. Schomburgk’s ITaiti-specimen they are entire : both are to be
compared with better materials, and the former approaches much Ayenia pusilla.

95. For “ Pentalopes ” read Pentapetes.

98. Apeiba Tibourbou. The Trinidad form (j8. membranacea, Loekh.) is distinguished
by less rigid leaves, which are devoid of rugosities on their upper side, and by shorter
bristles of the calyx.

100. Condalia ferrea ; for “ 5 stigma-lobes ” read 2.

103. Ternstrosmia obovalis ; cancel “ silky” in the description of the seed.

103. For “ Cleyera , Tliunb.” read Cleyera , Chois. ; corrections to Char. gen. : sepals of
Ternstrcemia, but two exterior abortive; anthers erect, hairy; ovary-cells 8-16-ovu-

104.

105.

106.

late. .

Freziera Jiirsuta ; cancel from synonyms “ Ternstrcemia cuneata , Mact.

Quiina ; for “ cotyledons at length cohering ” read cotyledons distinct.

Tovomita; corrections to Char!” gen. from Planehon’s and Triana’s monograph:
sepals 2-4, two exterior including the bud ; petals 4-8 ; anthers usually minute :
ovary 4-celled ; stigmas 4 ; seeds enclosed by a loose testa with vessels radiating from
the hilum. Hence my newr species are to be excluded from Tovomita : 1°, T. lia-
vetioides is Clusia (?) havetioides, PI. Tr„ its congener T. clusioides, Gr., a Cuba
species of which the $ only is known ; 2°, T. Plumieri appears to belong to fovotm-
topsis , PI. Tr. (reduced by Bentkam aud J. D. Hooker to Chrysachtamys, Pcepp.,
though disagreeing by having 2 sepals) ; the loose membrane, enclosing the seed, is
here devoid of vessels, and the number of stigmas usually 5 ; add to its diagnosis :
S sepals 2 ; stamens shortly united at the base : filaments much longer than the linear

(4"' long) anthers. . ..

Clusia ; for “ cotyledons distinct ” read embryo undivided. Cancel : anthers linear,

extrorse. .

C. rosea ; add : stamens in $ exterior pluriserial, sterile interior ones forming a

subglobose mass. , , ttt n\

C. alba ; add : stamens in $ distinct. My $ specimens (Antigua !, Wullschl.)
have 5 petals, and agree with Jacquin’s description ; several Cuba specimens (C. alba,
PI. Wr.) however belong to C. minor, L. sec. PI. Tr. (C. pratensis, Seem. !, C. Couteh,
Duehass.), distinguished by a much smaller calyx and smaller leaves : I do not possess
this species from the British islauds.

107. C. t lava , L. ; add: stamens distinct.

107. C. venosa, Jacq. ; add : stamens in J cohering at the base : anthers linear, as long as

the free part of the filament. . . , , ..

107: Moronobea coccinea ; for this name an older synonym, viz. Symplioma globuli-

fera, L. fil., is to be substituted ; the embryo is said to be undivided.

107 Mammea ; for “ovary-cells multiovulntc ” read 1— 2-ovulate. My two sections of
this genus, as Planchon and Triana have proved against me, are to be regarded as two
distinct genera, viz. :

1°. Rheedia, L. Sepals 2. Stamens inserted round a disk: anthers minute,
roundish, etc. Embryo ovoid, undivided. — Leaves not dotted : petiole furrowed at the
base by an axillary, adnate stipule.

107.

107.

107.

CORRECTIONS.

709

Page

107.

108.

111.

123.

129.

131.

131.

137-

140.

145.

145.

145.

147.

147.

150.

150.

153.

160.

161.

173.

182.

185.

205.

210.

215.

217.

222.

226.

229.

286.

297.

310.

2°. Mammea, L. Calyx closed in the bud, 2-valved. No disk. Cotyledons dis-
tinct.— Leaves pellucid-dotted, exstipulate.

Rheedia, Gr. (PI. Wright.), of which now a second species has been found by Mr.
Wright (a synonym of which is Clusia acuminata , Spreng.), has a 5-4-celled ovary,
supported byr a, cupulate disk, and the leaves awned-mucronate, much smaller than in
Rheedia, L. ; the immature seeds have a very thick testa, while in Rheedia laterijlora
the testa in the ripe seed is membranaceous, and adhering to the embryo : as long as
the grown-out fruit of the former is unknown, it is only to be regarded as a doubtful
congener.

Calophyllum ; for “ cotyledons cohering ” read cotyledons distinct.

Marita grandiflora. The anthers open by 2 minute pores near the terminal gland :
from this character as well as from habit this species approaches Cespedesia among
Ochnacea.

Serjania lucida ; for “ leaflets long ” read leaflets V-2" long.

Trichilia hirta ; add syn. Barbilus, P. Br. ?

Guarea Sivartzii ; add : fruit nearly ecostate, subglobose, glabrous, about 6'" diam.
(from Trinidad specimens).

Buoietenia Mahagoni ; add : Bahamas ! (Catesb. 2. t. 81 . sup.) ; put a query to
Hab. Trinidad, where this tree is said not to be indigenous (Cr. in lit.).

Cancel the two first lines.

Picramnia anlidesmoides ; add $ : stamens 5, long exserted.

Cyrilleee. The ovary-cells of Cyrilla anti liana are said to be 3 (2-4) -ovulate (Wright
in lit.).

Maytenus gonocladus , for this name read M. telragonus, J. Martius having named
a Brazil species M. gonocladus.

Elceodendron attenuatum ; for this name read E. dicecum, Gr. ; for Richard’s species
proves distinct.

Ilex monlana ; cancel from synonyms I. minutiflora.

Ilex sideroxyloides ; add syn. Myrsine Rapanea, Sieb. Mart. 283.

Sponia micrantha ; add syn. Urtica alnifolia, in PI. Berter.

Sponia mollis ; for “ W.” read Desc. ; and add syn. Celtis mollis, W.

Cecropia peltata ; from this, C. oltusa. Tree., is distinguished by the leaves wholly
snow-white beneath, and the lobes ovate-roundish, rouuded-bluntish : to it beloug
Sloane’s figures and Wullschlaegel’s Jamaica specimens.

Phenax ; add syn. Gymnogyne, Didrichs. 1850 (non P. B.).

Polygonum glabrum ; add syn. P. densiflorum, Meissn. !, a form with exserted sexual
organs.

Bursera gummifera ; add : Catesb. Carol, i. t. 30.

Tephrosia brevipes ; for “ Erioseme ” read Eriosema.

Zornia. Sloane’s figure (t. 116. f. 3) proves to belong to a species allied to Z. my-
riaclena, Benth., found again in Cuba by Wright : I call it Z. Sloanei.

Ccesalpinia bi.juga; for “(7. ventricosa” read C. vesicaria, L.

Cassia lineata ; cancel from synonyms “ C. czmeata, DC.”

Prioria copaifera ; add : Ic. Benth. in Linn. Transact. 1863.

Piptadenia peregrina ; for “ cultivated in Trinidad ” read wild and cultivated.

Acacia Vincenlis ; add : legume broadly linear, straightish, thickish-compressed, gla-
brous, tapering at the base : margin sinuate.

Pithecolobium micradenium ; for “ T. Brongniartii ” read P. Brongniartii.

Hirtella silicea. Mr. Crueger sends now another Cauto, named by him Moquilea,
while his Cauto, formerly sent under this name, was Ilirtella silicea : the specimens
of his second Cauto are sterile, and from the foliage may be compared with Couepia
guianensis, Aubl.

For “ Cionandra ” read Trianosperma, Mart., which, upon Naudin’s authority, is an
older name for this genus.

For “ Triads ” read Bohadschia, Prl., which, upon Asa Gray’s authority, is an
older name for this genus.

l'or “ Schcepfia Marchii” read S. chrysophylloides, PI. ( Diplocalyx , Rich. Cub. t.
54 : the analysis of the ovary is erroneous).

710

ADDITIONS.

Page

314. Arceuthobium ; correction to Char, gen., flowers dioecious or monoecious.

319. Cordiera ; cancel llichard’s erroneous character of the fruit : for Alibertia, (berry
many-seeded), as well as Thieleodoxa (berry “few-seeded”) will prove its congeners.
401. Dipholis montana ; add syn. Bumelia moniana, Sw.

423. Por “ Slevogtia,” upon Klotzsch’s authority, Enicoslema, Bl., as an older name of
this genus, is to be substituted.

452. Stemonacanthus coccineus ; add syn. Arrhosioxylon, Ns.

4SG. For “ Heliotropium parvijlonm ” read //. parclflorum.

50G. Potamogeton plantaginea ; for “ P. Zigii” readP. Zizii.

592. /Echmea , sect. Holienbergia ; for “ ovules naked ” read o. beaked.

LIST OP SPECIES RECEIVED SINCE THE IMPRESSION OF THE

FIRST VOLUME.

Casinga procera. Or. (Samyda, Poepp. ; Lretia casearioides, Sagot !). — Trinidad!, Cr.
[Guiana !, eq. Brazil].

Iomdium Poaya, St. PPil. (Pombalia Ituhu, Ging .). — Trinidad!, Cr. ; [Guiana!,
Brazil] .

Phyllanthus (Asterandra) smilaeifolius, Gr. in. sp .). — Trinidad!, Cr.

Cnidoscolus berbaceus, Baill. (Iatropha, L.). — Trinidad !, Sieb. tr. 292.

Alebornea glandulosa, Pcepp. — Trinidad !, Cr. ; [Brazil!, Spruce, 2117]-
Pera arborea, Mut. [ex ic. Mut). — Trinidad!, Cr. ; [Venezuela],

Suseda fruticosa, ForsJc. — Turk islands!, Hjalmars. ; [seashore of the warmer parts of
the globe].

Pisonia ferruginea, El. [ex descr). — Trinidad !, Cr.

P. discolor, Spreng. — Jamaica!, March ; [Cuba!],

Abutilon confertiflorum, Rich. — Trinidad !, Cr. ; [Cuba !].

Fugosia heterophylla, Benth., Hoolc. (Redoutea, Vent.). — Trinidad !, Cr.; [S. Tho-
mas ; Venezuela].

Heliocarpus americanus, L. — Trinidad!, Cr. ; [Mexico !].

Apeiba Petoumo, Aubl. [t. 215). — Trinidad!, Cr.; [Guiana].

Sloauea guianensis, Benth. (Alflauia, Aubl. t. 234). — Trinidad!, Cr. ; [Guiana].
Clusia nemorosa, Meg. 1 — Trinidad !, Cr. ; [Guiana !, Brazil]. -•

Bunchosia glandulifera, Kth. — Trinidad!, Cr. ; [Venezuela!].

Batonia domingensis, DC. — Trinidad!, Cr. ; [Haiti].

Talisia bexaphylla, V. — Trinidad !, Cr.

Ravenia spectabilis, PI. (Lemonia, Lind/. Bot. Beg. 1840. t. 59). — Jamaica !, March;
[Cuba !].

Scbeefferia Marchii, Gr. [n. sp). — Jamaiea!, March.

Ficus Radula, IP.— Trinidad !, Cr. ; [Panama ! to Brazil].

F. gemina, R. P. — Trinidad!, Cr. ; [Peru].

Muhlenbeckia tenuifolia, Meissn.? (specimens insufficient). — Trinidad!, Cr.
Coccoloba Cruegerii, Gr. [n. sp). — Trinidad !, Cr.

Ruprechtia Cruegcrii, Gr. (u. sp). — Trinidad !, Cr.

Cheetocalyx brasiliensis, Benth. — Trinidad !, Cr. ; [Guiana to Brazil].

Ormosia coarctata, Jacs. — Trinidad!, Cr. ; [Guiana],

Swart, zia triphylla, IV. — Trinidad !, Cr. ; [Guiana!].

Peltogyne porphyrocardia, Gr. («. sp). — Trinidad !, Cr.

Piptadenia suavoolens, Mm— Trinidad], Cr. ; [Guiana].

Calliandra marginata, Cr. [n. sp). — Trinidad !, Cr.

LIST 01-' COLLECTIONS.

711

C. lasiopus, Gr. (Pithecolobium, Benili). — Trinidad !, Cr. ; [Guiana !]. _
Pithecolobium pubescens, Benili. — Trinidad!, Cr. ; [Venezuela!, Guiana].

Juga venosa, Gr. (n. sp). — Trinidad!, Cr.

Cbrysobalanus cuspidatns, Gr. («. sp.). — Dominica!, Imr.

Licania crassifolia, Benth. — Trinidad!, Cr. ; [Guiana!].

Myreia leptoclada, DC. — Trinidad !, Cr. ; [Haiti to Guiana !].

Eugenia riparia, DC. (E. Sclilechtendalii, Bg. ; E. no. 5. PI. Spruce). — Trinidad !, Cr. ;
[eq. Brazil !].

E. rigidifolia. Rich.- — Jamaica !, M‘Nb. ; [Cuba !].

Lecytbis leevifolia, Gr. {n. sp). — Trinidad!, Cr.

Clidemia conglomerata, DC. — Trinidad!, Cr. ; [Guiana!].

Diploebita macrotis, Gr. (n. sp). — Trinidad !, Cr.

Miconia stenopetala, Gr. ( n . sp). — Trinidad !., Cr.

Combretum corylifolium, Gr. (n. sp). — Trinidad !, Cr.

Pboebe membranacea, Ns. — Dominica !, Imr. ; [Portorico !, Guadeloupe],

Persea nutans, Ns. — Dominica !, Imr.

Nectandra salieifolia. Ns. — Dominica !, Imr. ; [Cuba! to Guiana !].

Oreodapbne strumosa, Gr. — Trinidad !, Cr. ; [Guadeloupe].

Pborodendron quadrangulare, Gr. (Viscum, DC). — Trinidad!, Cr. ; [New Granada].

LIST OF THOSE BOTANISTS WHO HAVE CHIEFLY CONTRIBUTED
MATERIALS TO THIS FLORA.

Recent Collections, from.

Bahamas : Swainson (Swains.), Hjalmarsson (Iljalmars.).

Jamaica, entire collections: Macfadyen (Macl'.), March, Alexander Prior (Al.), Purdie
(Pd.), Wilson (Wils.), Wullschlaegel (Wullschl.) ; miscellaneous : Bancroft (Bancr.),
Distin (Dist.), G. Don, Fraser, Hartweg (Hartw.), Iligson, M‘Nab (M‘Nb.), Oersted,
Waters, Voiles.

S. Kitts : Elsey (Els.).

Antigua: Nicholson, Wullschlaegel.

Dominica: Imray (Imr.).

S. Vincent: Guilding (Guild.).

Barbadoes: Lane, Maycock (Mayc.).

Grenada : Oersted (Oerst.).

Trinidad, entire collections : Cruegcr (Cr.), Lockhart (Loekli.), Purdie, De Sehach (Sch.) ;
miscellaneous : Bradford, Holton, Lane, Woodford.

Old Collections, chiefly from

Jamaica: Forsyth, Masson, Swartz (Sw.), Wright.

S. Lucia, S. Vincent : Anderson (Anders.).

Trinidad : Sieber (Sieb.).

712

Abelmoschus

esculentus, W. A., 84.
moschatus, Mch., 84.
Abildgaardia
monostachya , V., 569.
Abolboda

Aubletii, Kth., 526.
Abroma

angusta, L., 90.

Abrus

precatorius, L., 190.
Abutilon

asiaticum, O. Don, 78,
crispmn, G. Don, 79.
elatum, Gr., 79.
graveolens, Am., 78.
hirtum, G. Don, 78.
indicum, G. Don, 78.
laxiflorum, Guilt. Derr., 77-
leiospermum, Gr., 79.
lignosum. Rich., 79.
parvifiorum, St. Hit., 77.
pedunculare, Kth., 78.
periplocifolium, G. Don,

77.

permolle, G. Don, 78.
striatum. Dies., 79-
trichodtim, Rich., SO.
umhellalum, Swt., 78.
vitifolium, Prl., 79.
Acacia

acuifera, Benth., 222.
angustiloba, DC., 223.
arabica, W., 222.
arborea, JV., 227.
aspidioides, Meg., 21 6.
baliamensis, Gr., 221.
Baneroftiana, Bert., 205.
Berteriana, Balb., 223.
caracasana, W., 224.
Cateclm, W., 220.
Clauseui, Bentli., 220.
coriopliylla , Benth., 222.
Farnesiana, W., 222.

INDEX.

— ♦ —

Acacia

flexuosa, Tliunb., 222.
glauca, W., 220.
guadelupensis, DC., 221.
intsioides, DC., 221.
Julibrissin , W., 223.
Lebbek, W., 223.
lentiscifolia, Rich., 222.'
leucocephala, Lk., 220.
litoralis. Rich., 224.
lophantoides, DC., 221.
macracantha, Thunb., 221.
macracanthoides, Bert.,
221.

martinieeusis, Prl., 221.
microcephala, Macf., 222.
microcephala, Rich., 221.
nudiflora, W., 220.
mnricata, TV., 220.
paniculata, W., 221.
parvifolia, W., 222.
pellacantha, Mey., 221.
portoricensis, IF, 224.
propinqua, Rich., 223.
Rohriana, DC., 220.
sarmentosa, Desv., 221.
scandeus, W., 217-
scleroxyla, Juss., 220.
speciosa, W., 223.
subiuermis, Bert., 222.
tamarindifolia, W., 221.
tortuosa, W., 222.
trichodes, W., 223.
trichophyUoides, Macf.,
223.

ungnlata, Desv., 224.
valenznelana, Rich., 221.
vespertina, Macf., 224.
villosa, W., 221.
Vincentis, Gr., 222, corr.
Westiana, DC., 221.
Acalypha

betiilifolia, Sw., 47.
biserrata, Bert., 48.

Acalypha

carpi ni folia, Desc., 48.
corchorifolia, IF., 48.
corensis, Jacp, 46.
cuspidata, Jacq., 48.
elliptica, Sw., 47.
heruandifolia, Sw., 47.
Icevigata, Sw., 48.
macrostachya, Jacq., 47.
polystachya, Jacq., 48.
reptans, Sw., 48.
villosa, Jacq., 47, 48.
virgata, L., 47.
Acanthaceje, 450.
Acanthosperra um
hirsutum, DC., 369.
humile, DC., 369.
xanthioides, DC., 362.
Achania

malvaviscus, Sto., 83.
pilosa, Sw., 85.

Achimenes

coccinea, Pers., 459.
Achras, A. DC., sect. Sa-
potaj, 399.
dissecta, Forst., 400.
matamosa, L., 402.
manimosa, Tuss., 402.
quadritida, Bks., 402.
salicifolia, L., 401.

Sapota, L., 392.
vitellina, Tuss., 402.
Achyranthes

altissima, Jacq., 62.
argentea, Lam., 62.
aspera, L., 62.
linearifolia, Sw., 66.
obtusifolia, Lam., 62.
prostrata, L., 63.
Acidocroton

adelioides, Gr., 42.
Acidotou

iuuocuus, Bail!., 45.
wens, Sw., 45.

INDEX.

713

A cisanthera

breoifolia , Gr., 269.
quadrata, Juss., 269.
recurva, Gr., 269.

Acnida

cannabina, L., 60.
cuspidata, Bert., 60.
Acuistus

arboreseens, Schl., 435.
cauliflorus, Schtt., 435.
Miersi, Bun., 435.
Pluinieri, Mrs., 435.
raiuitlorus, Mrs., 435.
Acontias

helleborifolius, Schtt., 51 1.
Acrilia

Sloanei, Gr., 129.
Acrocarpidium

cordifolium, Miq., 164.
exile, Miq., 164.
Guildingianum, Miq., 166.
nummularifolium, Miq.,
164.

repens, Miq., 166.
tenellnm, Miq., 165.
Acrocomia

fusiformis, Mayc., 522.
globosa, Lodd., 522.
lasiospatha, Mart., 521.
sclerocarpa, Mart., 521.
Acrodiclidium
jamaicense, Ns., 280.
salicij olium, Gr., 280.
sericeum, Gr., 280.
Acrostichum

alienum, Sw., 674.
alismifolium, Eat., 677 -
apodum, Kaulf., 675.
aureum, L., 675.
calomelanos, £., 679.
cervinum, Bio., 678.
chrysophyllum, Sw., 679.
citrifoliura, L., 678.
conforme , Sw., 677-
criniluin, 1/., 675.
cbeneum, L., 679.
elegans, V., 65 L.

Feei, Bory, 677-
fulvurn, Mt. Gal., 676.
furcatura, L., 652.
japurensc, Mart., 674.
Langsdorflii, H. Gr., 676.
latif olium, Sw., 677.
longifolium, Jacq., 677.
martinicense, Besv., 676.
Moritziauum, Eat., 675.
muscosum, Sw., 676.
nicotianifolium, Sw., 675.

Acrostichum

pcileaceum, H. Gr., 676.
petiolatum, Sw., 676.
phlebodes, Itz., 674.
polylejiis, Kz., 676.
polypodioides, L., 699.
rufescens, Liebm., 676.
rufum, L., 675.
Schomburgkii, Pee, 677-

scot opendrifo them, Radd.,
675.

simplex, Sw., 676.
simplex , Spruce, 676.
sorbifolium, L., 674.
squamosum, Sw., 676.
squamosum, Sehk., 676.
siilfureum, Sw., 679.
thalictroid.es, L., 672.
trifoliatum, L., 679.
undulatum, Kaulf., 675.
vestitum, Schlecht., 67 6 .
vestitum, Lowe, 676.
villosum, Sw., 675.
viscosum, Sw., 676.
Aetiuostemon
caribceus, Gr., 51.
Adansonia

digitata, L., 88.

Adelia

Beruardia, L., 45.
acidoton, L., 42.
porulosa, Mich., 406.
Ricine/la, L., 45.
Adelobotrys

scandens, Macf., 265.
Adenanthera
pavonina, L., 217-
Adenaspidia, Gr., sect. Ex-
coccarioe, 51.
Adenocalymna

alliacea, Mrs., 450.
Adenocyclus

condensatus. Less., 352.
Adenopbyllum, Gr., sect.
Crotonis, 40.

Adcnorbopium, Fold, sect.

Jatropbte, 36.

Adenosma

cbenopodifolia, Spr., 413.
Adeuostemma

Swartzii, Cass., 356.
Adhatoda

carthaginensis, Ns., 456.
eustaebiana, Ns., 456.
spbterosperma, Ns., 456.
Adiantopteris, Fee, sect.

Cliciluntbis, 667.
Adiantum

Adiautum

aculcatum, L., 661.
brasiliense, Lie., 664.
Capillus-Veneris, L., 666.
cayennense, W., 664.
clavatum, L., 661.
concinnum, Kth., 666.
crenatum, W., 665.
cristatum, L., 665 .
cuben.se, Hoolc., 664.
cultratum, J. Sin.., 666.
delloideum, Sw., 663.
denticulatura, Sw., 663.
denticulatum, Mett., 664.
dolabriforme, Hook., 664.
falcatum, Sw., 664.
formosissimum, Kl., 666.
fragile, Sw., 666.
fructuosum, Lk., 664.
incisum, Bartl., 666.
intermedium, Sw., 664.
intermedium, Hook., 664.
Kaulfussii, Kz., 663.
Knnzeanum, Kl., 665.
lucidum, Hook., 663.
lunulatum, IV., 664.
lunulatum, Houtt., 688.
macrodon, Kaulf., 663.
macrophyllum , Sw., 663.
microphyllum, Kaulf., 665.
microphyllum, Sw., 667.
obliquum, W., 663.
obliquum, Kaulf., 663.
oblusum, Desv., 665.
polyphyllum, W., 665.
prionophyllmn, Hook.fiM.
prionophyllum, Kth., 664.
pulverulentum, L., 665.
jmmilmn, Sw., 663.
pyramidale, W., 665.
radiatum, L., 667-
rhomboideum, Schk., 666.
serrulatum, L., 664.
striatum, Schk., 665.
striatum, Sieb., 664.
striatum, Sw., 665.
tenervm, Sw., 666.
tetraphyllum, \V., 664.
trapeziforme , L., 666.
trapeziforme, Schk., 666.
triangulatvm, Hook., 664.
triangulalum, Kaulf., 664.
villosum, L., 664.
Wilesianutn, Hook., 665.
Wilsoni, Hook., 663.

JEehmea

aquilega, Gr., 592.
bracteata, Gr., 591.

714

iEchmea

distans, Gr., 592.
glomerata, Gr., 592.
nudicaulis, Gr., 593.
paniculata, R. P., 592.
panic uliy era, Gr., 593.
.ZEgipliila

arborescens, V., 499.
data, S\v., 500.
fcetida, Sw., 499.
glabra, Lam., 500.
lievis, W., 499.

Manabea, Sic., 500.
martinicensis , L., 500.
trifida, Sw., 499.
Aeranthes

filiformis, Gr., 625.
fnnalis, G. Bc/ib., 625.
jamaicensis, G. Rchb., 623.
micrantha, G. Rchb., 625.
iEschynomene

americana, L., 185.
brasiliana, DC., 185.
paucijuga, DC., 185.
grandiflora, L., 183.
sensitiva, Sw., 184.
Agallostacbys, Beer, synon.

Bromelise, 592.

Agati

coccinea, Desv., 183.
grandiflora, Desv., 183.
Agave

americana, L., 582.
antillanun, Desv., 582.
cubensis, Jacq., 582.
foetida, L., 582.

Keratto, Mill. , 582.
sobolifera, Salm., 582.
Ageratum

cEerulcum, Sieb., 357.
conyzoides, L., 356.
maritiinum, var., &/t.,356.
muticum, Gr., 356.
Agrostis

cruciata, L., 538.
indica, L., 533.
radiata, L., 539.
tenacissima, Jacq., 533.
virginica, L., 533.
Aiphaues

corallina, Weudl., 521.
globosa, Weudl., 522.
Akeesia

africana, Buss., 125.
Albersia

Blitum, Kth., 68.

Albizzia, Durazz., sect. Aca-
ciffi, 223.

INDEX.

Albizzia

Julibrissin, Boiv., 223.
Lebbelc, Benth., 223.
Alchornea

latifolia, Sw., 46.

Alectra

brasiliensis, Benth., 428.
Aleurites

triloba, Porst., 37.
Algarobia

juliflora, As. Gr., 217.
Alibertia, Rich., syn. Cordie-
ria;, Corr.

Alisma

Berteroanum, Balb., 505.
cordifolium, L., 505.
echinocarpum, Seub., 505.
Sprengelii, Kth., 605.
Alismace^e, 505.
AUactostemon, Gr., sect.

Dioscorete, 588.
Allaganthera, Moq., sect. Al-
ternantherse, 67-
Allomaudia

catliartica, L., 407-
Aubletii, Pohl, 437.
Allantodia

australis, R. Br., 686.
Brownei, Hoo/c., 686.
Allium

gracile, Andr., 581.
striatum, Jacq., 581.
Allophylus, L., synon.

Schmideliic, 126.
Alloplectus

cristatus. Mart., 463.
repens, Hook., 464.
Allosorus

farinosus, Kz., 679.

Aloe

barbadensis, Mill., 582.
perfoliata, var., L., 582.
vulgaris, Lam., 582.
Alpinia

antiliana, R. P., 601.
aromatica, Jacq., 601.
caribsea, G., 601.
jamaiceusis, G., 601.
occideutalis, Sic., 601.
Paco secora, Jacq., 601.
racemosa, R. P ., 601.
racemosa, Sw., 601.
spicata, Jacq., 602.
spiralis, Jacq., 602.
strobilifera, Pccpp., 604.
Alsodeia

Jlavcscens, Spr., 26.
Alsopbila

Alsophila

acideata, Kz., 701.
armata, Prl., 705.
armata, Mart., 705.
aspera, R. Br., 704.
aspera, Hook. Gr., 705.
blechnoides, Hook., 697-
capensis, Gr., 705.
caracasana, Kl., 705.
ferox, Prl., 705.
guianensis, Gr., 705.
infesla, Kz., 705.
martinicensis, Sieb., 691.
nitens, J. Sm., 705.
Parkeri, Gr., 705.
phalcrata. Mart., 705.
pruinosa, Kaulf., 703.
Swartziana, Mart., 705.
tenera, J. Sm., 704.
IVeigeltiana, Roem., 705.
Alteruantbera

acaulis, Anders., 66.
Achjrantlia, R. Br., 67.
aurata, Moq., 65.
caribsea, Moq., 66.
licoidea, R. Br., 67 ; Balb.
Corr.

iresinoides, Kth., 65.
leucantba, Moq., 67.
polygonoides, R. Br., 67.
radicata, J. Hook., 66.
sessilis, R. Br., 67.
subscaposa, J. Hook., 66.
tenella, Coll., 67-
Althaja

corymbosa, Sw., 83.
Alvaradoa

amorphoides, Liebm., 141.
jamaicensis, Benth., 141.
Alysicarpus

numniulai-if'olius, DC., 185.
vaginalis, DC., 185.
Amajoua

corymbosa, Kth., 319.
fagifolia, Desf., 318.
guianensis, Seem., 318.
Amauantaceas, 61.
Amarantus
Blitum, L., 68.
crassipes, Schlechl., 6S.
paniculalus, L., 69.
polygonoides, L., 68.
sanguineus, L., 69.
spinosus, L., 68.
tristis, L., 69.
viridis, L., 68.

Amaryllis

Belladonna, Sw., 584.

INDEX.

715

Amaryllis

carinata, Spr., 584.
equestris , Ait., 584.
tubispatha, Kcr., 584.
Amasonia

erect a, L., 501.
punicea, V., 501.
punicea, Schau., 501.
Amauropelta

Breutelii, Ki ;., 691.
Amblogyne

polygonoides, Raf., 68.
Amblyantlicra

microcalyx, J. Mull., 414.
torosa, J. Mull. ,413.
versicolor, J. Mull., 414.
Ambrina, Spelt., sect. Cheno-
podii, 60.

Ambrosia

artemisifolia, L., 370.
corouopifolia, J. Gr., 370.
crithmifolia, DC., 370.
elatior, L., 370.
psilostachya, DC., 370.
Amelias

mnbellatus, L-, 383.
Amentace/E, 177.

Ameria, Benth., sect. Mi-
mosa;, 219.
Amerimnum

Brownii, Jacq., 202.
ebenus, Sio., 189.
latifolium, Sieb., 199.
Ammannia

catholica, Cham. Schl., 270.
humilis, Mich., 270.
latifolia, L., 270.
occidentals, JDC., 270.
octandra, L., 270.
ramosior, L., 270.
sauguinolenta, Sw., 270.
Amomis
acris, By., 241.

Pimento, By., 241.
pimentoides, By., 241.
Amomum

sylvestre, Sw., 601.
Ampelide^e, 102.
Ampherephis
mutica, Kth., 354.
Ampbiandra. Gr., sect. Phyl-
lanthi, 34.
Ainphidesmium

rostratum, Soldi., 697.
Amphilophium
paniculatum, Kth., 450.
Amphiscopia
retusa, Ns., 456.

Ampliistelma
fdiforme, Gr., 418.
leptocladon, Gr., 418.
Amphisteinon, Gr., sect. Di-
oscoretc, 587.
Amphymenium
Rohrii, Kth., 201.

Amyris

ambrosiaca, Mey., 173.
balsamifera, L., 174.
cymosn, Rchb., 174.
dyatripa, Spr., 174.
floridana, Nutt., 174.
hexandra, Ham., 174.
Lunaui, Spr., 174.
mariiima, Jacq., 174.
maritima, Rich., 174.
maritima, Sw., 174.
pinnata, Kth., 175.
Plumieri, DC., 174.
sylvatica, Jacq., 174.
sylvatica, Mac/., 174.
sylvatica, Rich., 175.
toxifera, IF., 175.
Anacardimn

occidentale, L., 176.
Anagallis

pumila, Sw., 390.
Anamomis
fragrans, Gr., 240.
punctata, Gr., 240.
Ananassa

saliva, Lindl., 591.
Anardisia, Gr., sect. Ardisise,
395.

Anasida, Gr., sect. Abutili,
78.

Anatherum

bicorne, P. B., 559.
dominyense, R. S., 559.
macrurum, Gr., 559.
muricatum, P. B., 560.
virginicum, Spr., 559.
Anaxagorea

acuminata, St. Hil., 7-
Anaxetum, Schtt., sect. Poly-
podii, 700.

Andira

Aubletii, Bernh., 203.
grandiflora, G. P., 202.
inennis, Kth., 202.
racetnosn, Lam., 202.
retusa , Kth., 202.
sapindoides, Benth., 202.
Andrensia

guadelupensis, DC., 144.
Andrographis
paniculala, Ns., 458.

Andromeda

anastomosans, L., 142.
fasciculata, Sw., 142.
jamaicensis, Sw., 142.
octandra, Sw., 142.
Andropogon

argenteus, Ht., 558.
bicoruis, L., 559.
brevifolius, Sw., 558.
condensalus, Kth., 558.
contortus, var., L., 558.
fasciculatus, L., 543.
fastigiafus, Sw., 559,
gracilis, Spr., 559.
insularis, L., 557.
leucostachyus, Kth., 559.
macrurus, Mich., 559.
muricatus, Kth., 560.
muricatus, Rets., 560.
pilosus, Sieb., 560.
polydactylus, L., 539.
saccharoides, Ns., 558.
secundus, W., 558.
vaginatus, Ml., 559.
virginicus, var., L., 559.
Anechitis

asperuginis, Gr., 410.
Anelasma

domingense, Mrs., 10.
jamaicense, Mrs., 10.
Sellowianum, Mrs., 10.
Anemia

adiantifolia, Sw., 650.
aurita, Sw., 650.
aspleuifolia, Sw., 650.
bipinnata, Sw., 650.
cicutana, Poepp., 650.
dissecta, Prl., 650.
filiculifolia, Sw., 650.
hirsuta, Sw., 650.
hirta, Sw., 650.
humilis, Sw., 650.
mandiocana, Radd., 650.
phylliti.dis, Sw., 650.
verticillata, Sw., 650.
Anetium

citrifolium, Splitg., 678.
Angelouia

angustifolia, Benth., 431.
salicarifolia, Bonpl., 431.
Angrmcum

filiforme, Lindl., 625.
funale, Lindl., 625.
micranthum, Lindl., 625.
Anguria

umbrosa, Kth., 289.
Aniscia

earnea, Moric., 471.

3 B

716

INDEX.

Aniseia

eusifolia, Chois., 471 -
martinicensis, Chois., 47 1 ■
salicifolia, Chois., 471.
Anisomcles

ovata, R. Br., 491.
Anisonema, Juss., sect. Phyl-
lanthi, 34.
jamaicense, Or., 34.

Auoda

hastaia, Cav., 73.
Anodopsis, sect. Abntili, 79.
Anomostephium

buphthalinoides, DC., 372.
Anona

bullata, Rich., 5, corr.
Cherimolia, Mill., 5.
chrysopetala, Stead., 7-
cinerea, Bun., 5.
glabra, L., 5.
laurifolia, Dun., 4.
montana, Macf., 4.
mucosa, Jacq., 5.
muricata, L., 4.
obtusiflora, Tuss., 5.
palustris, L., 5.
reticulata, L., 5.
reticulata, Sieb., 6.
sericeu. Dun., 5.
squamosa, L., 5.
Anonacejs, 3.
Anoplophytum, Beer., sect.

Tillandsise, 597-
Anredera

scandens, Moq., 60.
spicata, Pers., 60.
Antbacanthus

acicularis, Ns., 457-
armatus. Ns., 457.
cuneatus. Ns., 457.
einarginatus, Ns., 457.
jamaicensis, Gr., 457-
lycioides, Ns., 457.
microphyllus, Ns., 457-
spinosus, Ns., 457.
Authemis

maritime, L., 377-
Antbepliora

elecjans, Sclireb., 556.
Antherylium, V., 271-
Anthurium

Andersonii, Sch., 509.
concinnum, Sch., 508.
cordifolium , Ktli., 508.
dominicense, Sell., 508.
fallax, Sch., 508.
Guildingii, Sch., 508.
Huegelii, Sch., 508.

Anthurium

lanceolatum, Kth., 508.
macrophyllum, Endl., 508.
palmatum, Kth., 509.
pentaphyllum, Kth., 509.
Swartzianum, Sch., 508.
violaceum, Sch., 507.
Willdenowii, Kth., 508.
Antigonon

leptopus, H. A., 164.
Antouiaua

laurifolia, Tuss., 338.
Antrophyum

citrifolium, Fee, 678.
lanceolatum, Kanlf., 672.
lineatum, Kaulf., 672.
Apalatoa

spicata, Aubl., 216.

Apeiba

Tibourbou, Aubl., 98, corr.
Aphelandra

pectiuata, Ns., 454.
tetragona, Ns., 454.
Aphragmia, Ns., sect. Ruel-
lile, 451.

Apium

Petroselinum, L., 308.
Apluda

Zengites, L., 576.
Appendicularia, DC., synon.
Acisanthene, P. Br.,
269.

Apteria

hymenanthera, Miq., 606.
li'laciaa, Mrs., 606.
orobanchoidesJAodk., 606.
setacea, Nutt., 606.
Arabidea

Sieberi, DC., 449.

Arachis

liypogaa, L., 189.
Arachnothrix

elongatus, PL, 325.
hispida/us, Gr., 325.
Aralia

arborea, Jacq., 306.
capitata, Jacq., 306.
Araliace-e, 305.
Arccuthobium

cupressoides, Gr., 315.
gracile, Gr., 315.
opuntioides, Gr., 315.
Arcypliyllum, Ell., sect.

Ithynchosiic, 190.
Ardisia

acuminata, W., 395.
caribaa, Miq., 395.
clusioides, Gr., 396.

Ardisia

coriacea, Sw., 396.
erenulata. Vent., 397-
decipiens, A. DC., 395.
guadelupensis, Duch., 396.
humi/is, V., 396.
lateriflora, Sw., 396.
lateriflora, var., Sieb.,
395.

latifolia, Sieb., 396.
latipes, Mart., 394.
laurifolia, Juss., 395.
parasitica, Sw., 393.
serrutata, Sw., 397.
solanacea, Roxb., 396.
tinifolia, Sw., 396.
xylosteoid.es, Gr., 395.
Areca

Catechu, L., 513.
montana, Lodd., 517.
oleracea, Jacq., 517.
Arenaria

diffusa, Ell., 55.
nemorosa, Kth., 55.
Arenga

saccharifera, Lab., 513. .
Arethusa

gentianoides, Sw., 637-
Argemone

mexicana, L., 13.
Argyreia

bracleata, Chois., 466.
tiliifolia, Wight, 466.
Argythamnia

candicans, Sw., 44, corr.
sericea, Gr., 44.

Aristida

Adscensionis, Sic., 534.
Adscensionis, Wickstr.,
534.

americana, L., 534.
americana, Sw., 537-
antillarum, Gr., 534.
bromoides, Kth., 534.
cccndescens, Desf., 534.
coarctata, Kth., 534.
cognata, Tr., 534.
disperse, Tr., 534.
humilis, Kth., 534.
maritima, Stead., 534.
purpurascens, Poir., 534.
stricta, Mich., 534.
subbiflora. Stead., 534.
Svvartziaua, Stead., 534.
Arislolochia

arborcscens, Desc., 299.
barbata , Jacq., 299.
caudata, Hook., 300.

INDEX.

717

Aristolochia

fastens, Lind!., 299.
gigas, Lindl., 299.
glaucescens, Kth., 299.
grandiflora, Sw., 299.
grandiflora, V., 299.
macrura, Mart., 300.
obtusata, Sw., 300.
odoratissima, L., 299.
ringens, V., 299.
trilobata, L., 299.

AristolochiacujE, 299.

Aroide/E, 507.

Arracacha

esculenta, DC., 309.

Arrlienotoma, Gr., sect. Mi-
conise, 258.

Arrhostoxylum

coccineum, Ns., add.
fulgidum. Mart., 452.

Arlanthe

adunca, Miq., 171-
< squalls , Miq., 172.
Brodemegeri, Miq., 170.
caudata, Miq., 170.
coruscans, Miq., 171.
geniculata, Miq., 172.
hirsuta, Miq., 171.
jamaicensis, Gr., 170.
Lessertiana, Miq., 171.
macrophylla, Gr., 171 •
Martiana, Miq., 172.
Meyeri, Miq., 170.
nitida, Miq., 170.
rugosa, Miq., 171.
scabra, Miq., 171.
Schachii, Miq., 172.
staminea, Miq., 172.
trichostacbya, Miq., 171-
tuberculata, Miq., 171-
nlmifolia, Miq., 170.
verrucosa, Gr., 171 -
xestophylla, Miq., 172.
xylopioides, Miq., 172.
xylosteoides, Miq., 172.
Arthrostemma

capitatum, Naud., 267.
glomeralum, Naud., 267 ■
tadanoides, DC., 267-
tanceolatum , Gr., 267.
latifolium, Don, 266.
pumilum, Naud., 267-
Arthrostylidium
excelsum , Gr., 529.
jrubescens, llupr., 529.
Artocarpus

incisa, L., 152.
intcgrifolia, L., 152.

Arum

arborescens, L., 510.
auritum, L., 511.
bicolor, Jacq., 511.
esculeutum, L., 511.
liederaceum, L., 510.
hclleborifqliuni, Jacq., 511.
lacerum, -Jacq., 510.
lingulatum, L., 510.
peregrinum, L., 511.
sagittifolium, L., 611.
Seguine, L., 509.
tripartitum, Jacq., 510.
Arundinella

Martinicensis, Tr., 556.
pallida, var.. Ns., 556.
Arundo

altissima, Benth., 530.
Donax, L., 530.
occidentals, Sieb., 530.
Phragmites, L. 530.
saccliaroides, Gr., 530.
Arytsea, Bl, synon. Katoniee,
Ns., 126.

AsclepiadejE, 416.

Asclepias

curassavica, L., 419.
gigantea, Jacq., 420.
nivea, L., 419.
viminalis, Sic., 419.

Ascra

brasiliensis, Sch., 21.
Ascyrum

hypericoides, L., 112.
Aspalathus

ebeuus, L., 189.

Aspasia

variegata, Lindl., 634.
Aspidium

abbreviation , Schr., 694,
697.

abbreviaturn, Nook., 694.
aculeatum, Sw., 689.
acuminatum, W., 688.
acutum, Sch/c., 688.
amplum, Nutt., 691.
apiifolium , Schk., 695.
articulatum, Schk., 696.
ascendens, Hew., 690.
asplenioides, Gr., 693.
augcscens, Lk., 692.
aureovestitum, Gr., 692.
brachgodon, Gr., 693.
Breutelii, Melt., 692.
cicutarium, Sw., 694.
cicutarium, Kz., 690.
cqnfertmn, II. Gr., 694.
conterminmn, Sw., 691.

Aspidium

coriaceum, Sw., 690.
coriandri folium, Sw., 695.
ctenitis, Lk., 692.
denticulatum, Sw., 690.
deltoideum, Sw., 693.
dilaceratum, Kz., 695.
effusum, Gr., 690.
ensifolinm, Schk., 688.
exaltatum, Schk., 688.
exaltatum, Sw., 688.
excultum, Melt., 690.
Fadyenii, Mett., 695.
fimbriatum, W., 695.
funestum , Kz., 690.
glaudulosum, N. Gr., 689.
gongylodes, Schk,, 693.
guianense, Kl., 694.
hastifolium , Gr., 694.
beracleifolium, TV., 695.
bippocrepis, Sw., 695.
hirtum, Sw., 691.
Imrayanum , Gr., 693.
incisum , Gr., 694.
incisum, Sw. Herbal-., 692.
invismn, Sw., 692.
Kaulfussii, Lk., 691.
Klotzscbii, Hook., 690.
lsetum, Sio., 690.
lsetum, Mor., 690.
latifolium, Prf., 695.
L’Herminieri, Mett., 692.
limbatum, Sw., 692.
macrophyllum, Sw., 694.
macrurum, Hook., 692.
macrurum, Kaulf., 692.
meniscioides, W., 694.
mexicanum, Sw., 690.
molle, Sw., 693.
molle, Eat., 693.
Moritziauum, KL, 689.
mucronatum, Sw., 689.
mucrouatum, Schk., 689.
nemorosum, W. 691.
nodosum, W., 696.
oligocarpum , Kth., 691.
paraensc, W., 688.
patens, Sw., 692.
peclinatum, W., 688.
pedatum , Desv., 695.
planiagineum, Gr., 696.
Plascliuikianum, Kz., 689
platypliyllum, HI, 689.
Plumieri, Prl., 695.
])olyphyllum, Kz., 691.
proliferum, H. Gr., 696.
pubcscens, Sw., 690.
punctulatum, Sw., 688.

718

INDEX.

Aspidium

replans , Nutt., 694.
rhizophyllum , Sw., 689.
rigidissimum, Hook., 690.
rotundatum, W., 697.
sauctoides, Fee, 691.
sanctum, Nutt., 691.
sclerophyllum, Eat., 698.
scleropliyllum, Kz., 693.
scolopendrioides, Mett.,
693, 694.

semicordatum, Sw., 689.
Serra, Sw., 692.

Serra, Hook., 692.
serrulatum, Mett., 693.
sesquipedale, W., 688.
setosum, XL, 692.
Sprengelii, Kaulf., 692.
stenopteris, Kz., 694.
subincisum, Sieb., 692.
tetragonum , Mett., 692.
tetragouuru, var., Hook.,
693.

trapezoides, Sclih., 689.
trapezoides, Sw., 689.
triangulum, Sw., 689.
tridens, Hook., 689.
trifoliatum , Sw., 695.
truncatulum, Sw., 688.
umbrosum, Sw., 687.
unitum, Sw., 693.
villosum, Sw., 690.
viscidulum, Mett., 689.
Wrightii, Eat., 694.
Aspidosperma

sessiliflora, J. Miill., 411.
Asplenium

abseissura, Kl., 681.
abscissum, Radd., 681.
adiantoides, Radd., 684.
alatum, Ktb., 681.
atienum, Mett., 687-
anceps, Sol., 683.
anisopkyllum, yar., Eat.,
680.

antbriscifolium, Jffcy., 682.
arboreum, IV. , 685.
auriculatum, Melt., 685.
auriculatum, Sw., 680.
auritum, Sw., 682.
austrate, Brackenr., 686.
bissectum, Sw., 682.
brasiliense, Radd., 681.
bulbiferum, Bernh., 686.
caracasamm, W., 686.
celtidifolium , Melt., 685.
cicutarium, Sieb., 684.
cicutariran, Sw., 684.

Asplenium

cirrhatuin, Rich., 684.
conchatum. Moor., 687.
costale, Sw., 686.
cubcuse, Hook., 685.
cultrifolium, L., 680.
cuneatum, Lam., 684.
decurtatum, Kz., 686.
delicatulum, Prl., 683.
dentatum, L., 683.
dirnidiatum, Sw., 682.
dispermum, Kz., 682.
disseetum, Lie., 684.
dubium, Hook., 686.
dubium, 'Mett., 686.
erectum, Bor., 681.
erectum, Mett., 681.
erosum, Mett., 682.
erosum, L., 682.
erosum, Sw., 682.
Fadyeni, Hook., 684.
falcatum, Sw., 682.
falx, Desv., 680.
Fendlerianum, Gr., 685.
firmum, I(z., 681.
fiabellulatum, Kz., 684.
fceniculacemn, Eth., 683.
formosum , W., 683.
fragrans, Sw., 683.
Franconis, Mett., 687.
furcaium, Thunb., 682.
fuscopubescens,J7bo/f.,687.
gibbosum, Fee, 680.
graminoides, Sw., 672.
grandifolium, Svv., 685.
harpeodes,\iz., 681.
liians, Mett., 686.
hymeuodes, Mett., 6S5.
integerrimum, Spr., 680.
juglandij olium, Lam., 685.
Kapplerianum, Kz., 680.
Karstenianum, KL, 684.
latum, Sw., 681.
lunulatum, Sw., 681.
Macrsei, H. Gr., 684.
marginatum, L., 680.
marinum, L., 681.
martiniceuse, W., 684.
monteverdense, Hk., 684.
myriophyllum, Spr., 684.
nanum, IF., 683.
nodosum, L., 649.
obtusifolium, L., 681.
planiagineum, L., 684.
pnemorsum, Sw., 682.
proliferum, Sw., 696.
pumi/um , Sw., 683.
pleropus, Kaulf., 083.

Asplenium

Purdicei, Hook., 680.
pygmaeum, L., 683.
radicans, Sclik., 684.
radicans, Hook., 686.
radicans, Sw., 684.
recognitum, Kz., 682.
rliackirhizou, Radd., 684.
rhizophorum, L., 683.
rhizophyllum, Kz., 684.
riparium, Liebm., 660.
Roemerianum, Kz., 685.
rutaceum, Mett., 684.
salicifolium, Sw., 680.
salicifolium, Kaulf., 680.
salicifolium, L., 682.
salicifolium, Moor., 680.
sanguinolentum, Kz., 680.
Sehkuhrianum, Prl., 681.
semicordatum, Radd., 680.
semihastatum, Kz., 685.
Serra, Langsd., 682.
serratum, L., 680.
serrulatum, Sw., 703.
Sheplierdi, Spr., 685.
striatum, L., sp., 686.
striatum, L., herb., 686.
sylvaticum, Moor., 686.
thelypteroides, Mich., 686.
Tricliomanes, Huds, 683.
umbrosum, Kaulf., 682.
zamiifolium, Kz., 682.
Asterandra, Kl., sect. Phyl-
lanthi, 34.

Astraca, Kl., sect. Crotonis,
42.

lobata, KL, 42.

Astrseopsis, Gr., sect. Croto-
nis, 40.

Astragalus

lanuginosus, Besc., 203.
Astrocaryum

cure urn, Gr. Wendl., 521.
Tucuma, Mart., 521.
Astronium

obliquum, Gr., 176.
Atliensea, Sendln., 435.
Atbyrium, Rlh., sect. Asplc-
nii, 687.

Atropa

arborcsceus, L., 435.

Alla, Mart., sect. Anomc, 5.
Attalea

Cohune, Mart., 522.
Angustinea, Karst., sect. Bac-
tris, 520.

Aulncocarpus

quadrangufaris, Gr., 239.

INDEX.

719

Aulomyrcia, Bg., sect. Myr-
cite, 234.

coriacea, Bg., 234.
Jacqniniana, Bg., 234.
mnltiflora, Bg., 234.
Aukantj ace/e, 13.

Averrhoa

Bilimbi, L., 133.
Carambola, L., 133.
Avicennia

nitida, Jacq., 502.
tomentosa, Jacq., 502.
tomentosa, Sw., 502.
Aydeudron

argenteum, Gr., 285.
bracteatum, Ns., 284.
citnfolium, Ns., 284.
microbotrynm, Ns., 281.
sericeum, Gr., 284.

Ayeuia

cordifolia, DC., 91.
Icevigata, Sw., 91.
magna, L., 91.
pusilla, L., 92.

Baccharis

dioica, Y., 366.
myrsinites, Pers., 366.
nervosa, DC., 366.
scoparia, Sw., 366.
speciosa, DC., 366.

Vahlii, BO., 366.

Bactris

acantliocnemis, Mart., 520.
Cruegeriana, Gr. Wendl.,
520.

Cuesa, Cr., 520.
major, Jacq., 520.
minor, Sio., 520.
Pavoniana, Mart., 520.
Plumieriana , Mart., 520.
simplicifrons, Mart., 519.
Badiera

diversifolia , DC., 29,
corr.

Badula, Juss., sect. Ardisiaj,
395.

caribtca, A. BO., 395.
Lamarckiana, A. BG., 395.
lateriflora, Or., 395.
Btcopteris, Or., sect. Stig-
maphylli, 118.

Baillcria

aspera, Aubl., 367.
Balanophob, 309.

Ballota

disticha, L., 491.
suavcolciis, L., 489.

Bambusa

arundinacea, Ait., 528.
arundinacea, Sieb., 528.
latifolia, Humb., 528.
Sieberi, Gr., 528.
surinamensis, Rupr., 528.
Tbouarsii, Kth., 528.
vulgaris, Schr., 528.
Banara, Aubl., sect. Trilicis,
22.

glandulosa, Tul., 22.
Bancroftia

diffusa, Mac/., 17-
Banisteria

allophylla, Bchb., 118.
brachyptera, BC., 118.
calcitrapa, Besv., 118.
ciliata, Lam., 118.
cserulea, Lam., 120.
convolvulifolia, Cav., 118.
dichotoma, Meg., 118.
diversifolia, Kth., 119.
emarginata, Cav., 119.
emarginata, BC., 119.
fulgens, BC., 118.
fulgens, Lam., 118.
laurifolia, L., 120.
laurifolia, Sieb., 115.
longifolia, Sw., 119.
macrocarpa, Pers., 119.
magnolifolia, Besv., 119.
microphylla, Jacq., 120.
ovata, Cav., 118.
parviflora, Vent., 119.
paucijlora, Kth., 118.
periplocifolia, Besf., 119.
purpurea, L., 119.
splendens, BC., 118.
splendens, Maef., 119.
umbellata, Sieb., 115.
Barbilus, P. Br., syn. Trichi-
lise, corr.

Barhamia, Kl., sect. Croto-
nis, 41.

ovalifolia, Kl., 41.

Barter i a

nitida, Jacq., 454.

Basella

vesicaria, Lam., 60.

Bassia

Jussicei, Tuss., 402.
Bastardia

bivalvis, Kth., 80.
crispa, St. I HI., 79.
parvifulia, Kill., 80.
viscosa, Kth., 80.

Batatas, 11., sect., tpomoete,
468.

Batatas

acetosifolius, Chois., 471.
cis9oides, Chois., 473.
edulis, Chois., 468.
glaber, Benth., 468.
jalapa, Chois., 469.
paniculatus, Chois., 469.
pareirifolius, Chois., 469 .
pentaphyllus, Chois., 467 ■
quiuquefolius, Chois, 468.
Batis

maritima, L., 61.

Bauhiuia

aculeata, Jacq., 214.
acuminata, Besc., 214.
aurita. Ait., 213.
Brademeyeri, Yoy., 214.
macrophylla, Poir., 214.
megalandra, Gr., 213.
microphylla, Voy., 213.
multinervia, Kth., 213.
Outimoutou, Aubl., 214.
porrecta, Sw., 213.
pubescens, BC., 214.
riparia, Splitg., 214.
splendens, Kth., 214.
variegata, L., 214.
ungula, Jacq., 214.
Beccerelia

cymosa , Brongn., 579.
Meckeliana, Ns., 579.
Begonia

acuminata, Dry., 304.
acutifolia, Jacq., 304.
domingensis, A. DC., 304.
dominicalis , A. DC., 304.
glabra, Aubl., 305.
glandulifera , Gr., 304.
humilis. Dry., 304.
jamaicensis, A. DC., 304.
macrophylla, Dry., 305.
martinicensis, A.BC., 304.
nitida. Dry., 304.
Purdiceana, A. DC., 305.
rolundifolia, Dry., 304.
scandens, Sw., 305.
ulmifolia, W., 305.
Wagencriaua, Hook., 304.
Begoniace/ic, 303.
Begoniastrum, A. BC., sect.

Begonia;, 304.

Bcllucia

Aubletii, Naud., 263.
Beloerc, Gr., sect. Abutili, 78.
Beloperone

nemorosa, Ns., 456.
Bcrnardia

carpiwifolia , Gr., 45, corr.

720

INDEX.

Bertholletia

excelsa, Hurnb., 243.
Bertiera

guianensis, Aubl., 321.
Besleria

Berteriana, DC., 464.
cristata, L., 463.
lutea, L., 463.
melittifolia, L., 462.
pulchella, Don, 463.
violacea, Aubl., 445.
Beureria

doming ensis, Gr., 482.
exsucca, Jacq., 482.
succidenta, Jacq., 481.
tomentosa, Dou, 481.

Bey rich ia

scutellarioides, Bth., 429.
Bidens

anthriscoides, DC., 373.
bipinnatus, L., 373.
brachycarpus, DC., 373.
Coriopsidis, DC., 373.
cynapiifolius, Kth., 373.
liirsutus, Sw., 375.
leucanthus, W„ 373.
niveus, Siv., 372.
parviflorus, W., 373.
pilosus, L., 373.
portoricensis, Spr., 373.
scandens, L., 375.
scandens, Sw., 375.
speciosus, Gardn., 373.
squarrosus, Kth., 373.
tereticaulis, DC., 373.
Bifrenaria

auranliaca, Lindl., 628.
Bigelowia

alata, Barit., 350.
Bignonia

aquinoclialis, L., 448.
requinoctialis, Sieb., 448.
alliacea, Lam., 450.
qrcrulea, L., 446.
crucigera, Bert., 449.
crucigera, L., 450.
cchinata, Aubl., 449.
laurifolia, V., 448.
leucoxylon, L., 447.
longisiliqua, Jacq., 446.
longissima, Jacq., 446.
Martini, DC., 448.
mollis , V., 448.
paniculata, Jacq., 450.
penfcapbylla, L., 447.
pentaphylla, West., 447.
Quercus, Lam., 446.
rvfmervis, llofm., 448.

Bignonia

sarmentosa, Bert., 448.
serrati folia, V., 447-
Sinclairii, Benth,., 448.
speclabilis, V., 448.
stans, L., 448.
triphvlla, Spr., 446.
uncinata, Meg., 449.
unguis, L., 448.
Bignoniacead, 444.
Billardiera
paniculata, V., 339.
Billbergia

clavata, Lindl., 593.
lutea, Schult., 593.
nudicaulis, Lindl., 593.
pyramidalis, Beer., 593.
purpureorosea, Hoo/c., 593.
Bixa

Orellana, L., 20.
Bixine*, 20.

Blakea

Ilostmanni, Baud., 263.
laurifolia, Naud., 263.
quinquenems, Aubl., 263.
superba, Naud., 263.
trinervis, L., 263.
Bleclinum

angusti folium, W., 673.
attenuatum, Mett., 673.
cartilagineum, Seh/e., 673.
divergens, Melt., 673.
glandulosum, Kz., 673.
gracile, Kaidf., 673.
longifolium, Kth., 673.
occidentale, L , 673.
polypodioides, Kadd., 672.
serrulatum. Rich., 673.
volubile, Kaulf., 673.
Bleclium

angustifolium, R. Bi\, 453.
j Brownei, Juss., 453.
laxiflorum, Juss., 453.
trinitense, Ns., 453.

Bletia

capitata, II. Br., 623.
carinata, G.Rchb., 621.
cordata, G. Bchb., 620.
cucullata, G. Rchb., 620.
domingcnsis,tr.7?ff//i.,621 .
Jlorida, R. Br., 621.
montana, G. Rchb., 622.
nodosa, G. Rchb., 021.
parviflora, G. Rchb., 622.
patula, Lindl., 622.
purpurea, DC., 622.
rigida, G. Rclib., 622.
Shepherdii, Hook., 022.

Bliglna

superbiens, G. Rchb., 620.
'J’ankervilleaj, R. Br. 622,
verecunda, R. Br., 622.
vomeriformis, G. Rchb. 621 .
sapida, Keen., 125.
Bocconia

frutescens, L., 13.

Boehm eria

caudata, Sw., 160.
cglindrica, W., 160.
hirta, Sw., 160.
litoralis, Sw., 160.
ramijlora, Jacq., 160.
urticifolia, Pers., 160.
Boerhavia

caribrea, Jacq., 69.
erecla, L., 69.
diffusa, Sw., 69.

Ursula, W., 69.
paniculata. Rich., 69.
scandens , L., 69.
Bohadscbia, Prl., older name
for Triacis, corr.
Bolbophyllaria, G.Rchb., sect.

Boibophylli, 613.
Bolbophvllum
pachyrhachis, Gr., 613.
Bombacea3, 87.

Bombax

Ceiba, Linn., 88.
grandiflorum, Cav., 88.
pentaudrum, Cav., 88.
pyramidale, Cav., 88.
Bombicella, DC., sect. Ili-
bisci, 85.

Bonafousia, A. DC., sect. Ta-
bernEemontance, 409.
undulata, A. DC., 409.
Bounetia

racemosa, Sw., 110.

Bontia

daphnoides, L., 503.
Boreagineje, 477.

Borrera

Bartlingiana, DC., 350.
ericoides, Cham. Schl. 350.
Fockeana, Miq., 350.
leevis, Gr., 349.
parviflora, Mey., 349.
Perrotatii, Benth., 350.
Perrotetii, DC., 349.
padocephala, DC., 350.
sexangularis, Cham. Sold.
649.

simplex, Gr., 350.
spinosa, Cham. Schl. 350.
tetraptcra, Miq., 350.

INDEX.

721

Borrera

thymifolict, Gr., 350.
vaginata, Cham. Schl., 340.
verticilldta , Mey., 350.
Borrichia

arborescens, DC., 371.
argcutea, DC., 37 1 -
Borya

porulosa, IF., 406.

Bouchea

Ehrenbergii , Cham., 493.
Bonteloua

aristidoides, Gr., 537 -
e/atior, Gr., 5 37 -
litigiosa, Lag., 537-
Brachiaria, Tr., sect. Panici,
545.

Brachistus

macrophyllus, Mrs., 433.
Brachyloma, Hanst., synon.

Isoloma, Decs., 459.
Brachypteris

borealis, Juss., 117-
Brachyrhamphus
caribseus, DC., 384.
intybaceus, DC., 384.
sonchifolius, DC., 384.
Brachystachys
hirta, Kl., 42.

Brandesia, Mart., sect. Ma-
giphanis, 64.

Brassavola

cordata, Liudl., 620.
cucullata, It. Br., 620.
elegans, Hook., 622.
nodosa, Lindl., 621.
nodosa, Hook., 620.
pumilio, G. Rcbb., 621.
Sloanei, Gr., 620.
subnlifolia, Lindl., 620.
venosa, Lindl., 621.
vomeriformis, G. Rchb. 621 .
Brassia

caudata, Lindl., 633.
maculata, It. Br., 633.
Bravaisia

Jlonbunda, DC., 453.
Bredemeyera, IF, corr.
Breyniastrum, DC'., sect.

Capparis, 17-
Brickclia

diffusa, As. Gr., 356.
Brignolia

acuminata, DC., 320.
Brizoma, Nutt., sect. Era-
grostis, 532.

Broccbinia

Plumieri, Gr., 593.

Bromelia

aquilega, Salisb., 592.
bracteata, Sw., 592.
capituligcra, Rchb., 592.
Karatas, 591.
lingulata, L., 591.
longifolia, Rudg., 591.
lutea, Mey., 593.
melanantha, Lindl., 593.
nudicaulis, L., 593.
paniculigera, Rchb., 592.
paniculigera, Sw., 593.
Pingnin, L., 591.
Bkomeuaceas, 590.

Brooms

sterilis, L., 531.
Brosimum

Alicastrum, Sw., 152.
Aubletii, P. E., 152.
spurium, Sw., 152.
Brosseea

anastomosans , Gr., 142.
Broughtonia
sanguinea. It. Br., 620.
Broussonetia

tinctoria, Kth., 153.
Browallia

demissa, L., 431.
nervosa, Mrs., 431.
Brownia

coccinea, Loefl., 212.
latifolia, Jacq., 212.
Rosa, Berg., 212.

Rosa, Lam., 212.
speciosa, Rchb., 212.
Brugmansia

suaveolens, G. Don, 433.
Bruinsinia

isertioides, Miq., 320.
Brunellia

comocladfolia, Kth.,
139.

Brunfelsia

americana, Sw., 432.
fa/lax, Duch., 432.
Hopeana, Benth., 432.
jamaicensis, Gr., 432.
nitida , Benth., 432.
parvifolia. Rich., 432.
undulala, Sw., 432.
Brya

ebenus, DC., 189.
Bryonia

glandulosa, P. E., 286.
Bryophylluin

catycinum, Salisb., 303.
Bubroma

I Guazuma, IF., 90.

Bucholzia, Mart., sect. Alter-
nantherce, 67-
maritima, Mart., 67.
polygonoides. Mart., 67-
Bucida

ang ustifolia, DC., 277.
angustifolia, Spruce, -277.
Buceras, L., 276.
capilata, V., 277-
Buddleja

americana, L., 427.
occidentalis, R. P-, 427.
Buchnera

elongata , Sw., 428.
elongata. Spruce, 428.
longifolia, Kth., 428.
rupestris. Sic., 330.
Buettneria

brevipes, Benth., 92.
catalpifolia, Jacq., 92.
micropliylla, L., 91, 92,
corr.

ramosissima, Pohl, 92.
scabra, L., 92.
scalpellata, Pohl, 92.
virgata, Pohl, 92.
Buettnekiaceje, 90.
Bujacia

gampsonyehia, E. Mey.,
193.

Bulbostylis

diffusa, DC.. 356.

Bumelia

buxifolia, W,, 402.
Crueyerii, Gr., 401.
cuneata, Sw., 401.
montana, Sw., 401.
myrsinifolia, A. DC., 401.
nigra, Bert., 401.
nigra, Sw., 400.
pallida, Sw., 399.
pentagons, Sw., 401.
retusa, Sw., 401.
rotundifolia, Sw., 401.
salicifolia, Sw., 401.
Bunehosia

glandulosa, Rich., 115.
Swarlziana, Gr., 115.
Lindeniana, -Juss., 115.
media, DC., 115.
media, Macf, 115.
nitida, Juss., 116.
paniculata, DC., 120.
polyslachya, DC., 116.
Bunias

Cakile, Desc., 14.
Buphthalmum

arborescens, L., 371.

722

INDEX.

Buphthalmum
frutescens, var., L., 371.
Burmannia
capitata, Mart., 606.
Burmanniace^e, 605.
Bursera

acuminata, TV., 173.
gummifera , L., 173.
simplicifolia, DC., 173.
Buxus

Purdieana, Baill., corr.
Byrsonima

Berteroana, Joss., 114.
cinerea , DC., 114.
coriacea, DC., L14.
crassifotia, Kth., 114.
crassifolia, Lun., 114.
lucida, Kich., 115.
spicata, Rich., 115.
trinitensis, Juss., 115.
verbascifotia, Rich., 114.
volubilis, DC., 121.

CabaHeria

coriacea, Mey., 393.
Cabrera, Lag., sect. Paspali,
543.

Cacalia

sonchifolia, L., 381.
Porophyllum, L., 379.
Cactus

alatus, Sw., 302.
coccinellifer, L., 302.
Ficus-indica, L., 302.
fimbriatus, Desc., 301.
flagelliformis, L., 301.
grandiflorus, L., 301.
mammiUaris, L., 300.
melocartus, L., 300.
parasiticus, L., 302.
pendulus, Sw., 302.
Pereskia, L., 803.
peruvianus, var., L., 301.
peruvianus, Sw., 301.
peruvianus, Tuss., 301.
pseudotuna, Macf., 302.
repandus, L., 301.
repandus, Macf, 301.
spinosissimus, W., 302.
triacantha, W., 302.
triangularis, L., 301.

Tuna, L., 302.

Cacte/E, 300.

Cacoucia

coccinea, Aubl., 275.
Ccenopteris, Barg., sect. As-
plenii, 683.
myriophylla, Sw., 684.

Csenopteris

rhizophylla, Sw., 684.
Cffisalpinia

bahamensis, Lam., 205.
bijuga, Sw., 205.
brasiliensis, L., 206.
coriaria, Ilumb., 206.
crista, L., 205.
glandulosa, Bert., 205.
horrida, Rich., 205.
pulcherrima, Sw., 205.
sepiaria, Roxb., 205.
vesicaria, L., 205, corr.
Cajanus

bicolor, DC., 191.
flavus, DC., 191.
indicus, Spr., 191.

Cakile

fegyptiaca, Tuss., 14.
cequalis, L’ller., 14.
americana, Mett., 15.
cubcnsis, Kth., 14.
maritima, L., 15.
maritima, Rich., 14.
Caladium

aculeatum, Miq., 510.
arborescens, May., 510.
arborescens, Vent., 510.
lacerum, L., 510.
tripartitum, IV., 510.
Calathea

Altouya, Lindl., 604.
Cachibou, Lindl., 604.
Casapito, Mey., 660.
comosa, Liudl., 604.
discolor, Mey., 604.
lutea, Mey., 604.
myrosma, Lindl., 604.
strobilifera, Miq., 604.
Calea

Acmcllus, Z., 375.
aspera, Jacq., 372.
cordifolia, Sw., 379.
jamaicehsis, L., 379.
lobata, Siv., 381.
oppositifolia, L., 376.
seoparia, L., 366.
solidaginea, Kth., 379.
Calliandra

comosa, Benth., 225.
Cruegerii, Gr., 224.
dysantha, Benth., 224.
Guildingii, Benth., 225.
hccmalomma, Benth., 224.
latifolia, Gr., 225.
porloricensis , Benth.,

224.

purpurea , Benth., 224.

Calliandra
Saman, Gr., 225.
Spruceana, Benth., 222.
tergemina, Benth., 224.
tubulosa, Benth., 225.
Callicarpa

ampla, Schan., 501.
ferruginea, Sw., 499.
integrifolia, Jacq., 499.
reticulata, Sw., 499.
Callicocea, DC., sect, Ce-
pheelis, 346.

Callioreas, Cham., sect. Lan-
tanas, 496.

Callisia

monandra, R . S., 524.
repens, L., 524.
umbellulata, Lam., 524.
utnbellulata, Sieb., 523.
Calodracon

Sieberi, PL, 585.
Calonyctiou, Chois., sect. Ipo-
mccaj, 466.

grandifiorum, Chois., 467.
megalocarpon, Rich., 466.
speciosnm, Chois., 466.
Calophyllum

Calaba, Jacq., 108.
Calotropis

procera, R. Br., 420.
Calycogonium
glabratum, DC., 245.
glabratum, Macf., 245.
rhamnoideum, Naud.,
245.

Calycolpns

calophyllus, Benth., 241.
ovalifofius, Bg., 241.
Calycophyllum

coccineum, DC., 325.
Calydermis

jamaicensis, Spr., 362.
Calyptranthes

Chytraculia, Sw., 232.
pattens, Gr., 233.
rigida, Sw., 233.
rigida, Macf., 233.
rigida, Tuss., 233.
sericea, Gr., 233.
Syzygium, Sw., 232.
Tussariana, Bg., 233.
unif ora, Spring, 233.
Wilsoni, Gr., 233.
Calyptrion

Aubletii, Ging., 26.
nitidum, Benth., 26.
Calyptrocarya

angustfolia, Ns., 580.

INDEX.

723

Cnlyptronoma

Swartzii, Gr., 518.
Calyptrostylis

faseicularis, Ns., 575.
florida, Ns., 575.

Camara, Cham., sect. Lan-
tanse, 495.

Camaridinm

imbricatum, Lindl., 626.
ochroleucum, Lindl., 627-
vestitum, Lindl., 626.
Cameraria

angustifolia, L., 410.
lalifolia, L., 410.
retnsa, Gr., 410.
Campanula cead, 888.
Campelia

Zanonia, Rich., 523.
Cainpomanesia

aromalica, Gr., 242.
Campuloclinium

surinamense, Miq., 357.
Campyioneurum, Prl.
cubense, Fee, 702.
Moritzianuin, Fee, 702.
Cananga

odorata, J. Hook., 7.
Canavalia

altissima, Macf., 197.
ensiformis, DC., 197.
obtusifolia, DC., 197-
rosea, DC., 197-
Cauella

alba, Murr., 109.
alba, Ns., 109.
laurifolia, Lodd., 109.

Can ellaceas, 108.

Canna

Buckei, Weinm., 603.
coccinea, Ait., 603.
discolor, Lindl., 603.
edulis, Ker., 603.
glauca, L., 603.
indica, L., 603.

Lamberti, Lindl., 603.
maculata, Lk., 603.
occidentalis, Rose., 603.
pallida. Rose., 603.
surinamensis, Miq., 603.
Cannabis

saliva, L., 160.

Caperonia

caslaneifolia, St. Hil , 43.
paluslris, St. Hil., 43.
Capparide/E, 15.

Capparis

amplissirrm, Lam., 19.
amygdalina , Lam., 17.

Capparis

Baducca, L., 19.

Breynia, Jacq., 17-
Breyuia, L., 18.

Breynia, Stv., 18.
commutata, Sieb., 111.
eoinniutata, Spr., 19.
enneata, DC., 19.
cynophallophora , L., 18.
emarginata, Rich., 18.
eustachiana, Jacq., 1 8.
ferruginea, L., 17-
ferruginea, L)esc., 18.
flexuosa, L., 18.
frondosa, Jacq., 19.
kastata, L., 18.
jamaicensis, Jacq., 18.
intermedia, Kth., 18.
laevigata, Mart., 18.
longifolia, Sw., 17-
octandra, Jacq., 17.
saligna, ¥., 18.
siliquosa, L., 18.
torulosa, Sw., 18.
verrucosa, Jacq., 19.

Capraria
biflora, L., 427.
durantifolia, L., 429.
mexicana, Moric., 427.

Capripoliaceas, 315.

Caproxylum

Hedwigii, Tuss., 174.

Capsella

Bursa-pastoris, Mcb., 14.

Capsicum

baccatum, L., 436.
baccatum, Desc., 436.
frutescens, L., 436.
laurifolium, Dun., 436.

Caraguata

lingulata, Lindl., 598.
serrata, Sc/i., 599.

Carapa

guianensis, Aubl., 131.
procera, DC., 131.

Gardamine

hirsuta, L., 13.
sylvatica, Macf., 13.

Cardiospermum

acuminatum, Miq., 122.
Corindmn, L., 122.
corycodcs, Kz., 122.
grandiflorum, Sw., 122.
llalicacabum, L., 122.
loxense, Kth., 122.
microcarpum, Kth., 122.
mollo, Kth., 122.
villosum, Macf., 122.

Carex

cladostacliya, Wahl.,

580.

liamata, Sw., 581.
lithosperma, L., 578.
polystachya, Wahl., 580.
scabre/la, Wahl., 580.
Carica

caulijlora, Jacq., 290.
prosoposa, L., 290.
Papaya, L., 290.
Carludovica

angustifolia, Seem., 513.
gracilis, Liebm., 513.
insignis, Duch., 513.
lalifolia, R. P., 513.
palmata, Gr., 513.
palmifolia, W. , 513.
Plumien, Kth., 513.
Plumieri, Gr., 513.
Carolinea

insignis, Sw., 88.
princeps, L., 88.

CaUYOPH YLLEA3, 54.
Caryophyllus

aromaliev.s, L., 235.
Cascarilla, Gr., sect. Croto-
nis, 38.

Casearia

brevipes, Benth., 24.
corymbosa, Kth., 24.
hirsuta, Sw., 23.
hirta, Sw., 23.
Ilostmanuiatia, St cud., 23.
laneeolata, Miq., 23.
mollis, Kth., 23.
nitida, Jacq., 24.
nitida, Sieb., 23.
odorata, Macf., 24.
parviflora, Jacq., 23.
parviflora, W., 23.
parvifolia, W., 23.
raraijlora, V., 24.
serrata, Macf., 23.
serrulata, Sw., 23.
serrulata, Sieb., 23.

' spinosa, IF., 24.
stipularis, Vent., 23.
sylvestris, Sw., 23.
ulmifolia, V., 23.

Casparea
aurita, Gr., 213.
porrecta, Kth., 213.
Cassia

Absus, L., 210.
jEschynomene, DC., 211.
a lata, L., 209.
ninplifiora, Steud., 208.

3 c

724

INDEX.

Cassia

angustisiliqua, Lam., 208.
arborea, Mac/., 208.
arborescens, V., 208.
bacillaris, L., 207.
bahamensis, Mill., 208.
bicapsularis, L., 207-
biflora, L., 208.
bifoliolata, DC., 210.
brasiliana, Lam., 207.
calliantha, Mey., 208.
caracasana, Jacq., 209.
Chamcecrista, L., 211.
Chaimecrista, Sw., 211.
chrysophylla, Hick., 208.
cimeata, DC., 210, con-.
diphylla , L., 210.
diffusa, Salem., 210.
discolor, Desv., 208.
emarginata, L., 207-
Fistula, L., 206.

Jlorida, V., 208.
fulgeus, Mac/., 20S.
fulgens, Wall., 208.
gigantea, Bert., 208.
glandulosa, L., 210.
glauca, Lam., 208.
grandis, L., 207-
hirsuta, L., 209.
javanica, Lun., 207.
lavigata, W., 207-
ligustnna, L., 208.
lineata, Sw., 208.
longisiliqua, L., 208.
niagnifica, Mart., 208.
marginala, Boxb., 207.
inelanoearpa, Bert., 207.
mimosoides , L., 211.
mullijuga, Rich., 208.
nicticans, L., 211.
obcordata, Sw., 208.
obovata, Coll., 209.
obtusifolia, L., 209.
occidentalis, L., 209.
gtatellaria, DC., 211.
pilosa, L., 210.
plauisiliqua, Lam., 208.
Plumieri, DC., 208.
polyadena, DC., 210.
prcetexla, Yoy., 21 1.
prostrata, Kth., 210.
pygmsea, DC., 210.
rotundifolia, Pers., 210.
Roxburghii, DC., 207.
Sclloi, Don, 208.

Senna, Sw., 209.
sericea, Sw., 209.
serpens, L., 210.

Cassia

smaragdina, Macf., 211
spedabilis, DC., 208.
stricta, Schrlc., 211.
sulfurea, DC., 208.
Swartzii, Wickstr., 211.
iomentosa, L., 207-
Tora, L., 209.

Trinitatis, 1 Ichb., 208.
nndulata, Benth., 207-
yeneuifera, Rodsch., 209.
viminea, L., 207.
virgata, Sw., 211.
viscosa, Macf., 210.
Cassiue

maurocenia, Sieb., 147-
xylocarpa, Vent., 145.
Cassipaurea
alba, Or., 274.
elliplica, Poir., 274.
guiancnsis, Aubl., 274.
Cassyta

am eric ana. Ns., 285.
bliformis, Jacq., 285.
Castela

erecta, Turp., 140.
Nicbolsonii, Hook., 140.
Casuarina

eqtdsel folia, Forst., 177.
Catalpa

longisiliqua, Cham., 446.
longissima, Sims, 446.
Catasetum

cernuum, G. Rchb., 631.
tridentatiim, Hook., 631.
irifidum, Hook., 631.
Catastylium, Gr., sect. Phyl-
lautlii, 33.

Catesbsea

campanulata, Bam., 317.
latifolia, Lindl., 317.
longiflora, Sw., 317-
maerantha, Rich., 317-
parvijlora, Sw., 317.
parvifolia, DC., 317.
spinosa, C., 317.
Yavassorii, Spr., 323.
Catocoma

lucida, Bentb., 29, corr.
Calopsis

nitida, Gr., 599.
nutans, Gr., 599.

Cattlcya

Deckeri, XL, 620.
domingensis, Lindl., 621.
Skinneri, Batem., 620.
Caulantbon, Bcntli., sect.
Calliandroe, 225.

Ceanothus

asiaticus, L., 101.
Chloroxylon, Ns., 286.
colubrinus, Lam., 100.
cubensis, Brongn., 100.
ferreus, DC., 100.
reclinatus, L'ller., 101.
sarcompbaius, DC., 1 00.
spha3rocarpus, DC., 99.
Cecropia

palmata, W., 153.
obtusa, Tree., corr., 153.
peltata, L., 153, corr.
Ccdrela

odor ala, L., 131.
CiCLASTIUNEili, 145.

Celastrus

myrtifolius, var., L., 231.
umbellatus, V., 101.
Celosia

argenlea, L., 62.
niiida, V., 62.
paniculate, Desc., 62.
paniculata, L., 62.
paniculata, TV., 62.

Celtis

aculeata, Sw., 149.
jamaicensis, PL, 149.
Lamarckiana, R. S., 150.
Lima, Lam., 150.

Lima, Sw., 150.
micrantka, Sw., 150.
molbs, W., 150, corr.
rufescens, PL, 150.
Swartzii, PL, 149.
trinervia, Lam., 149.
Cenchrus

dactylolejiis, Si end., 556.
echinatus, L., 556.
granularis, L., 557.
plalyacanthus, Anders.,
556.

pungens, Kth., 556.
setosus, Sw., 556.
spiuifer, Cav ., 556.
tributoides, L., 556.
viridis, Spr., 556.
Ccntratberum

muticum, Less., 354.
Centropogon

Berterianus, A. DC., 3S5.
surinamensis, Prl., 3S5.
Centrosema

fasciculahm , Bcntli., 193.
hastatum, Benth., 193.
intermedium, Rich., 193.
pascuorum, Benth., 193.
Plumieri, Bentb., 192.

INDEX.

725

Centrosema

pubescens , Benth., 192.
virginianum , Benth., 193.
virginianum , Gr., 193.
Centrospermuru

xauthioides, Zil/t., 369.
Centrusa, Gr., sect. Ama-
ranti, 68.

Ccntunculus

pentandrus, R. Br., 390.
tenellus, Bub., 390.
Cephaelis

axillaris, Sw., 347.
elata, Sw., 346.
muscosa, Sw., 347-
punicea, V., 346.

Swartzii, DO., 346.
tomentosa, W., 346.
violacea, Sw., 346.
Cephaloschamus
globosus, Ns., 574.
Ceranthus, Schreb., sect. Li-
nociera;, 405.

Geras tium

glomeratum, Thuill., 55.
spnthulatam, Pers, 55.
viscosum, L., 55.

Cerasus

occideutalis, Lois., 231.
reflexa, Gardn., 231.
sphserocarpa, Hook., 231.
sphrerocarpa, Lois., 231.
Cek.atophylle.iE, 12.
Ceratophyllum

demersum, L., 12.
Ceratopteris

thalictroides, Brgn., 672.
Ceratosanthas

tuberosa, Spr., 389.
Cerbera

Thevetia, L., 407.

Cereus

Curlisii, Lie. Ott., 301.
eriopliorus, Lie. Ott., 301.
jlagelliformis , Mill., 301.
grandijlorus, Haw., 301.
peruvianus, Mac/., 301.
repandus, Ilaw., 301.
Koyeni, 116'., 301.

Royeni, Hook., 301.
Swartzii, Gr., 301.
triangularis, Ilaw., 301.
Oestrum

alaternoides, Desf., 444.
Bellasombra, Besv., 444.
cauliflorum, Jaap, 435.
chloranthum. Dun., 443.
conglomeration, R. P.,444,

Oestrum

depauperatum, Bun., 443.’
diurnum, L., 444.
fastigiaturn, Jacq., 444.
fcctidissimum, Jacq., 444.
Eorsytbii, Bun., 444.
hirsutum, Jacq., 444.
hirtum, Sw., 444.
hirtum, Sieb., 443.
latifolium, Lam., 443.
laurifolium, L’Her., 444.
macropkyllum, Vent., 443.
megalophyllum, Bun., 444.
nocturnum, L., 444.
odontospermum, Jacq.,
444.

pallidum, Lam., 443.
Poeppigii, Sendtn., 443.
Scbottii, Sendtn., 444.
subtriflorum, Bun., 444.
tinctorium, Jacq., 443.
vespertinum, Sieb., 444.
Cbmnocephalus
petrobioides, Gr., 374.
Chrcnopleura
ferruginea, Cr., 259.
longifolia, Gr., 260.
quadrangularis, Mac/.,
260.

stelligera, Macf., 259.
Cheetaria, P. B., sect. Aris-
tidaj, 534.

Chmtocalyx

vincentinus, DC., 189.
Chffitocyperus

polymorpbus, Ns., 569.
rugulosus, Ns., 569.
Chaetogastra

chanuecistus, Gr., 267.
chironioides, Gr., 267-
cisloides, Gr., 267.
havanensis, DC., 268.
lanceolata, BO., 268.
longifolia, BC., 268.
strigosa, DC., 266.
Chailletia

peduncularis, DC., 1.49.

C II AILLHTIACE2E

Chalarium, BO., sect. Des-
modii, 187-

Chamrccrista, DC., sect. Cas-
sise, 210.

Cliamcefistula, BO., sect. Cas-
site, 207.

Obaiiucsenna, BO., sect. Cas-
sia;, 207.

Chamissoa

allissima, Kth., 62.

Cliaptalia

dentata, Cass., 383.
tomentosa, Veut., 383.

Cbarianthus

ciliatns, DC., 264.
coccineus, Don, 263.
criuitus, Naud., 264.
Fadyeni, Gr., 264.
glaberrimus, DC., 264.
purpureus , Don, 264.
tinifolius, Bon, 264.

Chasmanthus, Lie., sect.
Uniolm, 531.

Chayota

edulis, Jacq., 286.

Clieilanthes

elongata, Eat., 667.
ferruginea, W., 668.
marginata, Kth., 667-
microphylla, Sw., 667.
pedata , A. Br., 667.
radiata, J. Sm., 667.
repens, Kaulf., 666.
trichomanoides, Mett., 668.

Chelouanthus, Gr., sect. Li-
sianthi, 424.

Chenopode^e, 59.

Chenopodiastrum, Moq., sect.
Chenopodii, 60.

Chenopodium
album, L., 60.
ambrosioides, L., 60.
anthelminticum , L., 60.
caudatum, Jacq., 68.
murale, L., 60.
spathulatum, Sieb., 60.

Chevalliera

lingulata, Gr., 591.
ornata. Gaud., 591.

Chicharronia
intermedia, Rich., 276.

Chiloglossa, Oerst ., sect. Di-
an tiler®, 455.

Chimarrhis

cymosa, Jacq., 323.

Chiococca

auguifuga, car. BO., 337.
caracasana, Kl., 337-
laxiflora, BO., 337 -
longifolia, BC., 337.
parvifolia, "Wullschl., 337.
p/uenostemon, Schlecht.,

337.

racemosa , Jacq., 336.
racemosa, Sieb., 337-
Chiouanthus

caribseus, Jacq., 405.
compactus, Sw., 405.

72G

INDEX.

Chionantbus

iacrassatus. Barter., 405.
incrassatus, Siv., 405.
Chione

glabra, DC., 335.
Chirocalyx, Msn., scot. Ery-
themas, 199.
Chiropetalum, Juss., 44.
Cbloidia

decumbens, LindL, 643.
jlava, Gr., 643.
polystachya , G. Rchb.,
043.

vernalis, Lindt., 643.
CliLOEANTHEiE, 172.

Cbloris

Beyrickiana, Kth., 539.
barbata , Sw., 539.
ciliata, Sw., 539.
cruciata , Sw., 538.
eleusinoides, Gr., 539.
glauccscens, Steud., 539.
gracilis, Bur., 539.
Haml)oldtiana,(S7<?M<tf.,538.
petreea, Thunb., 539.
polydactyla, Sw., 539.
propinqua, Steud., 539.
pvcnothrix, Thuub., 539.
radiata, Sw., 539.
soptentrionalis, Mull., 539.
Swartzii, Mull., 539.
virgata, Sw., 539.
Chomclia

fasciculata, Sw., 334.
spinosa, Jacq., 335.
Chcmdodendron, II. P., sect.
Cocculi, 10, cf. corr.
hederifolium, Mrs., 10.
scabrum, Mrs., 10.
tamoides, Mrs., 10.
Ckorisanthera, Bon, scot.

Couradias, 462.
Cbrysautbellum
procumhens, Rich., 377.
Swartzii, Less., 377-
CHRYSOBALANEiE, 229.
Ckrysobalanus
Icaco, L., 229.
pellocarpus, Moy., 229.
Cbrysocalyx

Scbimperi, Hochst., 180.
Chrysocblamys, Pcepp., corr.
Chrysocowa

scoparia, L-, 366.

Chry sodium

vutgare, Fee, 675.

Chrysophyllum

argcntcum, Jacq., 398.

Chrysopbyllum

argenteum, Sieb., 398.
Cainito , L., 398.
cocruleuin, Jacq., 398.
glabrum, Jacq., 398.
jamaicense, Jacq., 398.
microcarpum, Sw., 398.
microphyllum, Jacq., 398.
monopyremim, Sw., 398.
oliviforme, Lam., 398.
rugosum, Sw., 399.
Chuncoa

arbuscula, Gr., 275.
obovata, Poir., 276.
Chusquca

abieiifolia, Gr., 529.

Cicca

antillana, Juss., 33.
disticha, L., 32.

Cieca, Med., sect. Passiflorce,
290.

Cinchona

brachycarpa, Sw., 324.
caribEea, Jacq., 324.
floribunda, Sw., 332.
triflora, Wright, 324.
Cineraria

discolor, Sw., 382.
glabrata, Szo., 382.
incaua, Sw., 382.
laciniata, Sw., 382.
lucida, Sw., 382.
Cinnamodendrou

corticosum, Mrs., 109.
rubrum, Gr., 109.
Ciunamomum

moutanum, Ns., 279.
Zeylanicum, Bl., 279.
Cionandra

caspidata, Gr., 287-
graciliflora, Gr., 287-
racemosa, Gr., 286, cf. corr.
Ciouosicys

pomiformis, Gr., 288.
Ciponima, Aubl., sect. Sym-
ploci, 403.

Cipura

martinicensis, Kth., 589.
paludosa, Aubl., 589.
plicala, Gr., 589.
Cissampelos

Caapeba, Z., 11.
clematidea, Prl., 11.
Kohautiana, Prl., 11.
microcarpa, BC., 11.
Pareira, L., 10.

Cissus

acida, L., 102.

Cissus

alata, Lam., 102.
alala, Besc., 102.
caustica, Tuss., 102.
cordifolia, L., 103.
emarginata, Sw., 102.
intermedia, Rich., 102.
latifolia, Besc., 102.
microcarpa, V., 102.
obovata, V., 102.
ovata, Lam., 102.
rhombifolia, V., 102.
sicyoides, L., 102.
smilacina, Kth., 102.
trifoliata , L., 102.
trifoliata, Jacq., 102.
venatorum, Besc., 102.
Citharcxylum
Berterii, Spr., 498.
caudatum, L., 497.
caudatum, Seem.., 497.
caudatum, Sw., 497.
cinereum, L., 497.
coriaceum, Besf., 497-
lajvigatum, Hostm., 497.
lucidum, Cham. Schlecht.,
497.

melanocardimn, Sw., 497.
pentandrum., Vent., 497-
quadrangulare, Jacq., 497.
quadrangulare, Schau.,

497.

subserratum, Sw., 497-
surrectum, Gr., 497.
Citrosma

glabrescens , Prl., 9.
guianensis, Tub, 9.

Citrus

Aurantium, L., 132.
Bigaradia, Bull., 132.
chiucusis, Biss., 132,
decumana, L., 132.

Lima, Mac/., 132.
Limonum, Biss., 132.
inedica, L., 132.

Paradisi, Macf., 132.
Peretta, Biss., 132.
spinosissima, Mey., 132.
Cladiura

occidentals, Scbr., 573.
Clavija

ornala, Don, 397.

Clavula, Gr., sect. Convol-
vuli, 474.

Clcistes

lulea, LindL, 030.
paludosa, Benth., 637.
rosea, Liudl., 636.

INDEX.

727

Clematis

ncapulcensis, IT. A., 1.
amcricana. Mill., 1.
caripensis, Kth., 1.
Catesbyana, Rich., I.
diceca, L., 1.
discolor, Gardn., 1.
domiuica, Lam., I.
glabra, DC., 1.
havanensis, Kill., 1.
pallida, Rich., 1.

Gleome

acu/eata, L., 16.
cubcnsis, Rich., 16.
beptaphylla, DC., 16.
lieptaphylla, May., 16.
beptaphylla, Sw., 15, 16.
Housioni, R. Br., 16.
pentaphglla, L., 15.
polygama, L., 16.
procumbens, Jacq., 15.
puny eus, W., 15.
serrata, L., 16.
speciosa, Kth., 15.
spinosa, L., 16.
spinosa, Mac/., 16.
spinosa, Sw., 16.
triphylla, Desc., 16.
viscosa, L., 16.
Clerodendron

aculeatum, Gr., 500.
fra grans, W., 500.
longicolle, Meg., 500.
sip/tonanlhus, It. Dr., 500.
Clethra

Alexandri, Gr., 142.
bracleala, Gr., 142.
mexicana, DC., 141.
tinifolia, Sw., 141.
Cleyera

elegans, Chois., 103.
theoides, PI., 103, corr.
Ciibadium

Alexandri, Gr., 368.
asp arum, DO., 367.
Badieri, DC., 368.
erosum, DC., 368.
fragiferum, Gr., 368.
peruvianum, Pccpp., 367.
terebintliaceum, DC., 368.
trinitatis, DC., 367.
Clidemia

agrestis, DC., 250.
asperifolia, Naud., 249.
bcrbiccana, DC., 250.
Berlerii, Gr., 247.
bullosa, DC., 247.
capi! laris, Gr., 249.

Clidemia

coccinca, DC., 251.
crenata, DC., 247.
crossosepala , Gr., 248.
Cruegeriana, Gr., 249.
debilis, Cr., 248.
erythropogon, DC., 247.
fenestrata, Benth., 247-
guadelupensis, Gr., 248.
hirsuia, Gr., 248.
hirsuta, Macf., 249.
hirta, Don, 246.
hirtella, Gr., 249.
lacera, DC., 258.
lanata, DC., 250.
latifolia, DC., 247-
leptoclados, Cr., 247-
Lima, DC., 249.
maculata, Benth., 250.
miconioides, Benth., 250.
microphylla, Gr., 248.
pauciflora, DC., 247-
pustulata, DC., 247.
rhodopogon, DC., 250.
rubra. Mart., 248.
scabrosa , Gr., 288.
sparsitlora, Gr., 246.
spicata, DC., 247-
spiciformis, Cr., 251.
strigillosa, DC., 247.
surinamensis, Miq. , 247.
Swarlzii, Gr., 248.
irinilensis, Gr., 249.
verticillata, DC., 251.
violacoa, DC., 251.
Clinopodium

capitatum, L., 488.
martiniceuse, Jacq., 491.
Clitoria

arborescens, Ait., 192.
cajanifolia , Benth., 192.
decumbens, Marl., 193.
Galactia, L., 194.
glycinoides, DC., 1 92.
Plumieri, J/iss., 192.
Poitmi, DC., 192.
Ternatea, L., 192.
virginiana, L., 193.
virginiana, Sw., 193.
Clitorianthus, Gr., sect. Cli-
torias, 192.

Clusia

acuminata, Spr., con'.
alba, L., 107, corr.
alba, Kth., 107.

Jlava, L., 107, corr.
minor, L., corr.
rosea, L., 107, corr.

Clusia

venosa, Jacq., 107, corr.
Clutia

Eluteria, L., 39.
Cnemidaria, Prl., sect. He-
mitcliae, 705.
Cnemidostachys
glabrata, Marl., 49.

Vahlii, Spr., 49.
Cnidoscolus
napacifolius, Pobl, 39.
Coccocypselum

nummularifolium , Cham.
Sclil., 322.

Pseudotontanea, Gr., 322.
repens, Sw., 322.
Tontanea, Kth., 322.
Coccoloba

barbadensis, Jacq., 163.
coronata, Jacq., 163.
crescenti folia, Cham.,
163.

cubensis, Msn., 162.
diversifolia, Jacq., 163.
diversifolia, Hook., 163.
excoriata, Jacq., 164.
excoriata, Sw., 162.
llavescens, Jacq., 162.
guianensis, Msn., 163.
Klotzschiana, Msn., 163.
latifolia, Lam., 161.
laurifolia, Jacq., 162.
leoganensis, Jacq., 162.
microstachya, W., 162.
nivea, Jacq., 163.
Plumieri , Gr., 162.
pubescens, L., 161.
punctata, L., 163.
punctata, Lun., 163.
rotundifolia, Msn., 163.
Swarlzii, Msn., 163.
tenuifolia, L., 162.
uvfera, Jacq., 161.

Zebra, Gr., 162.

Cocculus

domingensis , DC., 10.
pauper, Gr., 10.
tamoides, DC., 10.
Cochlidium

graminoides, Kaulf, 672.
Cocos

aculeata, Sw., 521.
amara, Jacq., 522.
fusiformis, Sw., 521.
guineensis, X., 520.
micfcra, L., 522.
Codoniuim

arborescens, V., 310.

728

INDEX.

Codonorhnphia
calycosa, Oerst., 460.
exserta, Oerst., 460.

Ccelia

Bauerana, Lindl., 629.
iriptera, Don, 629.
Cocnotus, Nutt., sect. Erige-
rontis, 364.

Coffea

arabica, L., 338.
guiauensis, Sieb., 338.
occidentalis, Jacq., 338.
subsessilis, Benth., 339.
Coix

Lacryma , L., 561.

Cola

acuminata , R. Br., 90, corr.
Coleus

amboinicus , Lour., 487-
aromaticus, Benth., 487.
Collsea

parviflora, Benth., 194.
pendula, Benth., 194.
Collaudra

petiolaris, Gr., 463.
Colocasia

antiquorum, Sch., 511.
esmlenta, Sch., 511.
Colubrina

asiatica, Brougu., 101.
ferruginosa, Brougu., 100.
reclinata, Brougu., 101.
Columnea
argentea, Gr., 465.
hirsuta, Svv., 465.
kispicla, Svv., 465.
rutilans, Svv., 465.
scandens, L., 464.
scandens, Bot. Jib^.,465.
speciosa, Prl., 464.
CoMBKETACEiE, 274.
Combretum

Aubletii, BO., 275.
elegans, Ktli., 275.
eriopetalum, Don, 275.
guianense, Miq., 275.
Jacquini, Gr., 275.
laxum , Lceil., 275.
laxum, Jacq., 275.
micropetalum, DO., 275.
obtusifolium, Itich., 275.
punctatum, S lend., 275.
rotundifolium, Rich., 275.
secundum, Jacq., 275.
variabile, Spruce, 275.
Coinmelyna

agraria, Kill., 524.
cayennensis, Rich., 524.

Commelyna

elegans, Kth., 524.
glabra, Mey., 524.
gracihs. It. P., 524.
hexaudra, Aubl., 523.
persicarifolia, DC., 525.
polygama, Schlecht., 524.
Zanonia, L., 523.
COMMELYNEiE, 523.
Comocladia
ilicifolia, Svv., 176.
integrifolia, Jacq., 175.
propinqua, Kth., 175.
Comollia

veronicifolia, Benth., 265.
Comparettia

falcata, Pcepp. Endl.,
636.

Condalia

ferrea, Gr., 100, corr.
Condylocarpura

intermedium, E. Muell.,
409.

CONIPEEJ3, 503.
CoNNAliACEiE, 228.
Connarus

africamis, Mey., 228.
glaber, DC., 228.
grandifolius, PL, 228.
guianensis. Lamb., 228.
Conobea

aquatica, Aubl., 430.
Conocarpus

erectus, L., 277-
procumbeus, Jacq., 277-
racemosus, L., 276.
Conogynoxys, Gr., sect. Se-
necionis, 382.
Conohoria

flavescens, Aubl., 26.
Conomorpha

multipuncta, Miq., 393.
peruviana, A. DC., 393.
Couostegia

alpiua, Macf., 254.
alternifolia, Macf., 254.
Balbisiana, DC., 253.
calyptrata, Don, 254.
coruifolia, Ser., 255.
Formosa, Macf., 253.
glabra, Macf, 254.
gloriosa, Macf., 253.
montana , Don, 254.
procera, Don, 253.
rufescens, Naud., 253.
scmicrenata, Ser., 255.
subhirsuta , DC., 253.
superba , Naud., 253.

Conradia

calyeina, Marl., 460.
calycosa, Rook., 460.
clandcslina, Gr., 461.
exserta, Mart., 460.
hispida, Benth., 462.
liumilis, Mart., 461.
libanensis, Gr., 462.
mimuloides, Gr., 461.
neglecta, Hook., 461.
pumila, Mart., 462.
scabra, Mart., 461.
Sloanei, DC., 462.
veutricosa, Marl., 460.

CoNVOJLVUEACE^E, 466.

Convolvulus

acuminatus, V., 473.
Batatas, L., 468.
brasiliensis, L., 471.
cissoide9, V., 473.
dissectus, X., 467-
glaber, Aubl., 468.
grandifiorus, Jacq., 467-
jalapa, L., 469.
jamaicensis, Jacq-, 474.
macrocalyx, It. P., 468.
macrorrhizus, L., 471.
martinicensis, Jacq., 471-
micranthus, R. S., 474.
Nil, L., 473.
nodiflorus, Dcsc., 473.
paniculatus, L„ 469.
pareirifolius, Bert., 469.
peutapbyllus, L., 467-
pentanthus, Jacq., 474.
pes-caprce, L., 471.
platanii'olius, V., 468.
polycarpus, Kth., 474.
portoricensis, Spr., 473.
pudibundus, Lindl., 473.
purpureus, L., 473.
quinquefolius, L., 468.
repeus, Sw., 471-
Sloanei, Spr., 470.
tamnifolius, Mey., 474.
tiliifolius, Bose., 466.
toinentosus, L ., 474.
tuba, Schlecht., 467.
umbellatus, L., 470.
ventrieosus, Berter., 467-
violaceus, V., 474.

Conyza

albida, IF., 365.
alopecuroides, Sw., 367-
ambigua, var., Less., 365.
apurensis, Kth., 865.
arborcscens, L., 353.
carolineusis, Jacq., 367-

INDEX.

729

Conyza

lobata, L ., 381.
lurida, Schra., 365.
li/rata, Kth., 365.
myrsinites, Lam., 366.
odorata, L., 367 -
purpurascens, Sic., 367-
virgata, L., 367.

Cookia

punctata, Retz., 132.
Copaifera

Jacquiui, Desf, 215.
Occident alls, Jacq., 215.
Copernicia

tectorum, Mart., 514.
Copisma, E. Met/., sect.

Rhyncliosire, 190.
CoptopbyUnm, Gardn., sect.

Anemia;, 650.

Corchoras

acuiangulus, Lam., 97-
ccstuans, L., 97.
campestris, Mac f., 97.
hirsiitus, L., 97.
hirtus, L., 97-
lanuginosus, Macf., 97-
otitonus, L., 97-
siliquosus, L., 97-
tortipes, St. Hit., 97-
Cordia

alba, E. S., 478.
aspcrrima, DU., 481.
bahiensis, DC., 480.
Berterii, Spr., 480.
bullata, DC., 481.
calyptrala, Bert., 478.
cinerascens, DC., 480.
Collococca, L., 478.
Collococca, Sw., 479.
cnrassavica, Tree., 480.
cijlindristaclvya, R. S., 480.
dasycephala, Kth., 481.
dentata, V., 478.
clodecandra, DC'., 478.
ehrctioides, Lam., 479.
elHptica, Sw., 479.
elliptica, Sieb., 479.
Horibunda, Spr., 480.
Gerascanlhus, Jacq., 478.
Gcrascanthus, Sw., 478.
gerascanthoides, Kill.,
478.

gerascanthoidcs, Rich.,
478.

globosa, Kth., 481.
graveolcns, Kth., 480.
intcrrnpta, DC., 480.
Icevigata, Lain., 479.

Cordia

Lima , R. S., 481.
macropliylla , Mill., 479.
macrophylla, V., 480.
martinicensis, R. S., 480.
martiuicensis, Sieb., 480.
micrantha, Sw., 479.
nitida, V., 479.
panicularis, Rudg., 479.
patens, Miq., 480.
portoricensis, Spr., 480.
lladula, Spr., 487-
reticulata, V., 479.
salvifolia , DC., 4S0.
Salzmanni, DC., 480.
scabrifolia, DC., 479.
Sebeslana, Jacq., 478.
speciosa, W., 478.
sulcata, DC., 480.
tini folia, TV., 478.
Toqueve, Sieb., 480.
tremula, Gr., 479.
v.lmifolia, Juss., 480.
Cordiera

triflora, Eich., 319.
Cordyline

Sieberi, Kth., 585.
terminalis, Gr., 585.
Coreopsis
alba, L., 373.
chrysantha, L ., 373.
coronata, L., 373.
iucisa, Ker., 373.
leucantha, L., 373.
reptans, L., 373.

Cornutia

punctata , W., 501.
pyramidata , L., 501.
Corynostylis

Benthami, Wp., 26.
Hybanthus, Mart., 26.
Cosmibueua, It. P., 325.
Cosmos

caudatus, Ivth., 373.
sulfureits , Cav., 373.
Costus

Anachiri, Jacq., 602.
arabicus, Ait., 602.
ciliatus, Miq., 602.
cylindricus, Jacq., 602.
cylindricus, Rose., 602.
(jlabratus, Sw., 602.
niveopurpureus, Jacq.,
602.

Pisouis, Lindt., 602.
spicalus, Sw., 602.
spiralis, Ilosc., 602.
villosissimus, Jacq., 602.

Cotula

Verbcsina, L., 356.
Coublandia

frutescens, Aubl., 200.
Couroupita

guianensis, Aubl., 243.
Coursetia

arbor ea, Gr., 183.
Coussarca

Troclichia, Rich., 339.
Coutarca

speciosa, Aubl., 323.
Coutoubea

dens /flora, Mart., 423.
spicata, Kth., 423.
ternifolia, Cav., 423.
Cracca

caribcea, Benth., 183.
Cranichis

aphylla, Sw., 639.
diphylla , Sw., 639.
gibbosa, Liudl., 039.
luteola, Sw., 628.
muscosa, Sw., 639.
oligantha, Sw., 640.
paucijlora, Sw., 639.
slachyoides, Sic., 640.
ventricosa, Gr., 639.
Craniolaria

annua, L., 466.
CkassulacEv-e, 303.

Cratffiva

gynandra, L., 17-
Tapia, L., 17.

Crateria, Pers., sect. Casca-
rine, 23.

Cremanium

amygdalinum , Gr., 261.
axiliarc, Macf., 261.
glandulosum, DC., 251.
integrifolium, Macf, 257.
quadrangularc, DC., 260.
rigidum, Macf., 260.
Rivalries, Gr., 262.
rubens, DC., 261.

Sieberi, Gr., 262.
spleudens, Macf., 256.
telrandrum, Gr., 262.
thesezans, DC., 262.
trinerve, Macf., 257.
trinitatis. Or., 262.
virgatum, Gr., 261.
Crenca

mnritima, Aubl., 271.
repeus, Meg., 271.
Crcsccntia

Cttjcle, L., 445.
cucurbilina, L., 445.

730

INDEX.

Crescentia

cucurbitina, Seem., 445.
lethifera , Tuss., 445.
obovata, Bentli ., 445.
Crinum

asiatioum, L., 584.
asiaticum, Red., 584.
bracteatum, W., 584.
eruhescens , Ait., 583.
Jloridanum, Eras., 583.
giganteum, Andr., 584.
guianense, Rcem., 583.
longflorum, Herb., 583.
petiolalum, Herb., 584.
Critonia

Dalea, DO., 362.
macropoda, DO., 362.
parviflora, DO., 362.
Crocothyrsus, Gr., sect. Pali-
courese, 345.

Crotalaria

anagyroides, Kth., 180.
Berteriana, DC., 179.
Brownei, Bert., 180.
cubensis, DC., 180.
Dombeyaua, DC , 180.
dichotoma, Grab.., 179.
Espadilla, Ktli., 178.
fenestrata, Sims., 179.
fraticosa, Mill., 178.
falva, lloxb., 179.
Ilookeri, Am., 180.
incana, L., 180.
juncea, L., 179.
Lescbenaultii, Mac/., 179.
litoralis, DC., 179.
lalifolia, L., 180.
lnpulina, DC., 179.
nana, Burm., 179.
pterocaula, Desv., 178.
puberula, J. Hook., 180.
pumila, Ort., 179.
quinquefolia, L., 180.
retusa, L., 179.
sagittalis, Desv., 178.
sericea, Betz., 179.
sericea. Burn., 179.
slipularis, Desv., 178.
slriata, DC., 180.
tepicana, H. A., 179.
telragona, lloxb., 179.
verrucosa, L., 178.

Croton

Adenophyllum, Bert., 40.
aslroilcs, Ait., 42.
balsumifer, L., 38.
Cascarilfa, I 38.
castaueifolius, L., 43.

Croton

chamcedrifolius , Lam., 41.
corylifolius, Lam., 39.
diffuses, KL, 41.

Eluteria, Svv., 39.

Jlavens, L., 38.
flocculosus, Geis., 38.
glabellas, L., 39.
glandaliferns, V., 40.
glandulosus, L., 41.
globosus, Sw., 43.
gossypifolius, V., 42.
Guildingii, Gr., 38.
Hjalmarsonii, Gr., 40.
hirtus, L’Her., 42.
Hookerianus, Baill., 40.
humilis, L., 41.

Iserti, Geis., 39.
laurinus, Sw., 39.
linearis, Jacq., 38.
lobatus, L., 42.
lucidus, L., 40.
macrophyllus, Sw., 46.
micans, Sw., 40.
montanus, Geis., 39.
nitens, Sw., 39.
niveus, Jacq., 10.
origanifolius, Lam., 41 .
nvalifolius. West., 41.
palustris, Geis., 43.
palustris, Kill., 43.
penicillatus, V., 41.
phlomoides, Pers., 42.
populifolius, Lam., 41.
pseadochina, Scbleclit.,
39.

Richardi, IF., 39.

Sloanei, Benn., 39.
spicatus, Berg., 40.
urticifolius, Lam., 41.
Wilsonii, Gr., 40.
CltUCIFEiMi, 13.

Orudya

obliqua, Gr., 216.
oblonga, Bentli., 216.
spicata, W., 216.
Crypliiacantlius, Ns., sect.
Ruellioe, 452.
barbadensis, Ns., 452.
macrosiplion, Ns., 452.
Oryptarrliena

lunata, It. Br., 635.
pallidiflora, G. ltclib.,
635.

Cryptostcgia

(jrandijlora. It. Br., 41 6.
Ctenopteris, Bl., sect. 1’oly-
podii, 699.

Cncumis

acutangulus, L., 281 .
Anguria, L., 2S8.
Cucuiuutacej?, 280.
Cupania

americana, L., 125.
apetala, Marf., 120.
fulva, Mart., 125.
glabra, Sw., 125.
juglandifolia. Rich., 125.
laivigata, Mi]., 125.
midtijuga, Rich., 125.
oppositil’olia, Rich., 126.
sapida, Camb., 125.
saponarioides, Sw., 125.
tomentosa, Sw., 125.
triquetra, Rich., 125.
Cupbea

balsamona, Cham.., 270.
decandra , Ait., 270.
hirta, DC., 269.
hyssopifolia, Kth., 270.
Melanium, R. Br., 269.
Melvilla, Lindl., 270.
micropetala, Kth., 270.
Parsonsia, It. Br., 269.
parviflora, Hook., 270.
platycentra, Benlh., 270.
radicans, Mat f., 269.
serpylli folia, Sims., 270.
Swartziana, Rich., 269.
trinitatis, DO., 270.
viscosissima, Jacq., 269.
Cnratella

americana, L., 3.

Curcas, Med., sect. Jatro-
phffi, 36.

purgans, Med., 36.

Cururu, Sw., syn. Serjanise,
123.

Ouscnta

americana, L., 476.
decora, Eng., 476.
indecora, Chois., 476.
ncuropctala, Eng., 47 6.
obiusflora, Kth., 476.
umbellata. Kill., 476.
Cuspidaria
furcata, Fee, 67 1 •
subpinnatifida, Fee, 07 L
Cyanasa, DC., sect. Nym-
pheern, 11.

Cyathea

arborea, Sm., 704.
arborea, Kz., 704.
aspera, Sw., 705.
divergens, Kz., 704.
elegans, Hew., 704.

INDEX.

731

Cyathea

gracilis, Gr., 704.
Grevilleaua, Mart., 704.
j In ray ana, Hook., 704.
multiflora, Sm., 704.
muricata, W., 704.

Serra, W., 705.
speciosa, Humb., 706.
tevera, Hook., 704.
Tussacii, Desv., 704.
Cyathophora, DC., sect.

Wedeliffi, 371.

Cvathula

achyranthoides, Moq., 65.
prostrata, Bl., 63.
Cybianthus

cuspidalus, Miq., 393.
multipuuctus, A. DC.,
393.

myrianthus, Miq., 394.
peruviaims, Miq., 393.
Cybiostigma, Turcz., sect.
Ayeniffi, 91, C.
abutilifolium, Turcz., 91.
Cycadev®, 504.

Cyclostigma, KL, sect. Cro-
tonis, 42.

Cycnopodium

latifolium, Naud., 266.
Cymbidium

coccineum, Sw., 626.
diurnum, Lindt., 614.
diurnum, Sw., 614.
echinocarpum, Sw., 624.
flabellifolium, Sw., 629.
globosum, Sw., 619.
graminoides, Sw., 625.
limbatum, Hook., 628.
montanum, Sw., 622.
muricatum, Sw., 624.
ochroleucutn, Lindt.,
627.

proliferum, Sw., 623.
pusillum, W., 631.
serrulatnrn, Sw., 615.
subulatum, Sw., 620.
teretifolium, Sw., 619.
testajfolium, Sio., 609.
trichocarpum, Sw., 625.
trinerve, Meg., 630.
tripterum, Sw., 629.
triquetrum, Sw., 631.
utrieulatum, Sw., 628.
vestitum, Sw., 626.
Cymbopogon, Ns., syn.

Schizaehyrii, 558.
Cynanchum

clausum, Jacq., 419.

Cynanclmm

crispillorum, Sw., 421.
funale, Poir., 418.
hirsutum, V., 422.
maritimum, Jacq., 421.
parviflorum, Sw., 417-
racemosum, Jacq., 418.
rostratum, P., 420.

Cynodon

Dactyton, Pers., 540.

Cynomorium

cayennense, Sw., 307-
coccineum, Desc., 309.
jamaicense, Sw., 309.

Cynophalla, DC., sect. Cap-
paris, 18.

Cynosurus

virgatns, L., 538.

CYPERACEiE, 562.

Cyperus

acuminatus, Torr., 563.
amentaceus, Rudg., 571.
anceps, Liebra., 567.
articulatus, L., 564.
aureus, Ten., 565.
autumnalis, V., 564.
Balbisii, Kth., 565.
brunneus, Sw., 565.
compressus, L., 562.
confertus, Sw., 563.
eg dost achy us, Gr., 567-
densiflorus, Mey., 566.
depauperatus, V., 569.
disians, L., 563.
Ehrenbergii, Kth., 565.
elatus, L., 566.
elatus, Rottb., 565.
elegans, h., 563.
elegans, Rottb., 563.
elegans, V., 563.
esculentus, L., 565.
ferax, Rich., 566.
ferox, V., 566.
filiformis, Sw., 565.
flav omaris cus, Gr., 567.
flavus, Prl., 562.
Jlexuosus, V., 566.
gracilescens, R. S., 565.
havanensis, W., 565.
Haspan, L., 564.
hexastachyus, Rottb., 565
hexastachyus, Sw., 563.
Hydra, V., 565.
insignis, Kth., 565.
jubtedorus, Rudg., 566.
kyllingioides, Sieb., 568.
lawns, Lam., 563.
ligularis , L., 566.

Cyperus

Luzutcc, Rottb., 564.
melanostachyus, Kth.,

562.

Meyeuianus, Kth., 567.
mouostachyus, L., 569.
mucronalus, Rottb., 562.
Mutisii, Gr., 567-
Neesii, Kth., 566.
ocliraceus, V., 563.
odoratus, L., 565.
olivaris, Targ., 565.
oostachyus. Ns., 567-
phymatodes, Mull., 565.
planifolius, Rich., 565.
platystachyus, Gr., 567.
qiolgstachyus, Rottb., 562.
praemorsus, Boc/c., 565.
purpurascens, V., 565.
repeus, Ell., 565.
rotundas, L., 564.

Sanctse Lucice, Liebm.,
565.

simplex, Ivth., 563.
sphacelatus, Rottb., 565.
sphacelatus, Sic 6., 565.
stellatus, Rudg., 566.
strigosus, Schlecht., 566.
surinamensis, Rottb., 564.
tenuis, Sw., 563.
trichodes, Gr., 564.
trinitatis, Stead., 564.
Vahlii, Steud., 566.
variegatus, Kth., 562.
vegetus, Meg., 564.
viscosus, Ait., 563.
Cypselea

himifusa, Turp., 56.
Cyrilla

antiliana, Mich., 145.
pulchella, Ait., 459.
CyrillE/E, 145.

Cyrtopera

Woodfordii, Lindl., 630.
Cyrtophlebium, R. Br., sect.

Polypodii, 702.
Cyrtopodium

Andersonii, R. Br., 630.
cristalum, Lindl., 630.
elegans, Ham., 622.
punctalum, Lindl., 630.
Cystopteris
fragilis, Bernh., 696.
jamaicensis, Desv., 696.
Cytisus

Cajan, L., 191.
sessiliilorus, Pair., 1 82.
violaceus, Aubt., 191.

3 i)

732

INDEX.

Dactyloctenium

cegygiiacum , W., 540.
mucronatum, W., 540.
Dacryodes

hexandra, Gr., 174.
Dalbergia

Amerimnum, Beutli.,

202.

monetaria, L., 202.
Dalechampia
colnrata, L., 51.
peruviana, Lam., 51.
pruriens, Gr., 51.
scandens, L., 51.

Dausea

alata, Sm., 649.
elliptica , Sm., 649.
Moritziana, Prl., 649.
nodosa, Sm., 649.
stenophylla, Kz., 649.
Daphne

lagetta, Sw., 279.
occidentalis, Sw., 278.
tinifolia, Sw., 278.
Daphuopsis

Swartzii, Msn., 278.
caribcea, Gr., 278.
tinifolia, Gr., 278.
tinifolia, Msn., 278, 279.
Dassiera, Moq., sect. Litho-
philre, 66.

Dasyura

tenax, Mor., 479.

Datura

arborea, St., 433.
fastuosa, L., 434.
Gardneri, Soo/c., 433.
suaveolens, Humb., 433.
Metel, L., 434.

Tatula, L., 434.
Stramonium, L., 434.
Daucus

Carota, L., 308.

Davallia

aculeat.a, Sw., 662.
adiantoides , Sw., 661.
capillacea, W., 656.
clavata, Sw., 661.
cuneiformis, Sw., 661.
fumarioides , Sw., 662.
jamaicensis, lloolc., 661.
incequaHs, Kz., 661.
microphylla, Gr., 661.
polypodioides, Eat., 661.
Sacooloina, Sqir., 662.
tenuifolia, Hook., 661.
tenuifolia, Sw., 661.
venusta, Sch/c., 661.

Davilla

brasiliana, DC., 2.
ciliata, Rich., 2.
rugosa, l’oir., 2.

Sagrceana, Rich., 2.
suriuamensis, Miq., 2.
Davya

adscendens, Gr., 265.
ciliata, Naud., 265.
scandens, Gr., 265.
Decaloba, DC., sect., Passi-
floree, 292.

Decaraphe

Pockeana, Miq., 250.
Iiostmanni, Steud., 252.
Deli tn a

dasyphylla, Miq., 3.
Dendrobium

alpestre, Sw., 607-
corniculatum, Sw., 609.
lauceola, Sw., 609.
laxum, Sw., 607.
ophioelossoides, Sieb.,

607.

palmifolium, Sw., 627.
racemillorum, Sw., 607.
ruscifoliuin, Sw., 608.
sanguineum, Sw., 620.
sertularioides, Sw., 609.
testiculatum, Sw., 636.
tribuloides, Sw., 609.
utricularioides, Sw., 636.
Dendrolobium

mnbellatum, Benth., 188.
Dendropemon, El., sect. Lo-
ranthi, 312.

Desmanthus

comosus, Rich., 218.
depressus, Kth., 218.
lacustris, W., 218.
natans, W., 218.
pratorum, Mac/., 218.
punctatus, W., 218.
stolonifer, DC., 218.
strictus, Bert., 218.
virgatus, W., 218.
Desmochsete

prostrata, DC., 63.
Desmodium

adscendens, DC., 136.
angustilolium, DC., 187.
anuuum, As. Gr., 188.
asperum, Desv., 187.
axil! are, DO., 187-
barbatum, Benth., 186.
Bigelowii, As. Gr., 185.
cajanifolium, DO., 187.
cinereum, Pwpp., 187.

Desmodium

eoeruleo-violaceum, DC.,
186.

ellipticum, Macf., 186.
gangeticum, DC., 1 87-
helerocarpum, DC., 186.
incanum, DO., 186.
laburnifolium, Sieb., 187.
latifolium, DC., 187.
molle, DC., 188.
oblongifolium, DC., 187.
obovatum, Vog., 186.
ospriostreptum, Stead.,
188.

pedicellatum, Grab., 188.
polycarpum, DC., 186.
pulcherrimum, Shutll.,
188.

racemiferum, DC., 186.
radicans, Macf., 187.
reptans, DC., 187-
scorpiurus, Desv., 187-
spirale, DO., 188.
stipulaeeum, DC., 188.
supiuum, DC., 186.
sylvaticum, Benth., 188.
tenellum, Kth., 1 88.
tenuiculum, DC., 188.
tortuosum, DC., 188.
triflorum, DC., 186.
trigonum, DC., 187-
uncinatum, DC., 187.
Desmoucus

major, Cr., 519.

Despretzia

mexicana, Kth., 536.
Dialium

guineense, W., 216.
nitidum, G. P., 216.
Dianthera

androsmn folia, Gr., 455.
comat a, L., 455.
pectoralis, Murr., 455.
reptans, Gr., 455.
secunda, Gr., 455.
sessilis, Gr., 455.
Diaphoranthema, Beer., sect.
Tillandsire, 595.
versicolor, Beer., 595.
Diastemauthe

platystacbys, St., 544.
Dicbcea

echinocarpa, Liudl., 624.
glauca, Lindl., 625.
graminea, Gr., 625.
graminoides, Lindl., 625.
latilolia, Lindl., 624.
muricata, Lindl., 624.

INDEX.

733

Dichrea

squarrosa, Lind/., 625.
trichocarpa, Lindl., 624.
Dichondra

repens , Forst., 476.
sericea, Sw., 476.
Dichorisandra

Aubleliana, R. S., 523.
Dickromeua, V., sect. Rkyn-
chospora:, 576.
capillaris, Kth., 576.
ciliata, V., 577-
cubeusis, Piepp., 576.
filiforniis, Kth., 576.
hirsuta, Kth., 576.
Humboldtiana, Ns., 577.
leucocepbala, Mich.,

577 •

micrantha, Kth., 576.
Persooniana, Ns., 577.
pubera, V., 577.
pura, Ns., 577.
pusilla, Kth., 576.
setacea, Ktli., 576.
setigera, Ktli., 577.
Dicksonia

aculeata, Spr., 666.
adiautoides, W., 660.
apii folia, Sw., 661.
apiifolia, Hook., 660.
cicutana, Sw., 660.
cicutaria, Hook., 660.
coniifotia, Hook., 660.
cornuta, Kaulf., 660.
dissecta, Sw., 660.
dissecta, Hook., 660
dissecta, Schk., 660.
Hookeriana, Kl., 660.
ordinata, Kau/f., 660.
Plumieri, Hoo/c., 661.
rubiginosa , Kaulf., 665.
Scllowiana, Hook., 661.
squarrosa, Sw., 661.
Diclidium, Schrad., sect. Cy-
pcri, 565.
fcrox, Sc hr., 566.

Vahlii, Ns., 566.

Dicliptera

assnrgens, Juss., 458.
martinicensis, Juss., 458.
mollis, Ns., 458.
portoricensis. Ns., 458.
retusa. Juss., 456.
Vahliana, Ns., 458.
Dicrananthera, Prl., syn.

Acisanthcra;, 268.
Dicranoglossnm

furcatum, J. Sm., 671.

Dicranopteris, Bernh., sect.

Mertensiaj, 652.

Dicrypta

Baueri, Lindl., 626.
Dictyostega

orobanchoides, Mrs., 606.
Didymochlseua

lunulata, Desv., 688.
Didymoglossa, Desv., sect.

Trichomauis, 656.
Diectomis, P. B., sect. An-
dropoginis, 559.
Dieffenbacbia

Plumieri, Sch., 509.
neglecta, Sch., 509.

Seguine, Scb., 509.

Digitaria

eegyptiaca, Pari., 544.
eriogona, L/c., 544.
filiformis, Miibl., 543.
horizoutalis, W., 544.
jamaiceusis, Sqir., 544.
marginata, Lk., 544.
paspaloides, Dub., 541.
sanguinalis. Scop., 544.
setigera, Rth., 544.
setosa, Desv., 544.
Dilleniacejs, 2.

Diuebra, Jacq., 537.

Diuema

poly bullion, Lindl., 615.
Dioclea

guianensis, Benth., 198.
Jacquiniana, DC-, 194.
panamensis, Wp-, 198.
rejlexa, J. Hook., 198.
Diodia

prostrata, Sw., 348.
rigida, Cham., Schl., 348.
sarmentosa, Sw., 349.
setigera, DC., 348.
simplex, Sw. 350.
Dioseorea
alata, L., 587.
altissima, Lam., 587,
588.

altissima, Sieb., 588.
Berteroana, Kth., 587.
bulbifera, L., 587.
Cliffortiana, Lam., 588.
cagennensis, Lam., 587.
beptaucura, Vill., 588.
Kegeliana, Gr., 588.
lulea, Mey., 588.
multiflora, Prl., 588.
pilosiuscula, Bert., 588.
remotillora, Kth., 588.
rotuudata, Pair., 587 •

Dioseorea

sativa, Gr., 588.
sativa, L., 588.

Sieberi, Kth., 588.
trifida, L., 587 •
triphylla, L., 587-
villosa, L., 588.
vulgaris, Miq., 587 -
Dioscoreje, 586.

Diosmese, 134.

Diospyro3

Berterii, A. DC., 404.
incoustans, Jacq., 404.
obovata, Jacq., 404.
obtusifolia, Berter., 404.
ietrasperma, Sw., 404.
Dipholis

montana, Gr., 401.
nigra, Gr., 401.
salicifolia, A. DC., 401.
Dipladenia

Harrisii, Hook., 416.
Diplasia

Karatifolia, Rich., 573.
Diplazium, Sw., sect. Asple-
nii, 684.

angustifrons, Prl., 685.
auriculatum, Kaulf., 685.
celtidi folium, Kz., 685.
cultrifolium, Moor., 680.
Franconis, Liebm., 687.
grandifolium, Sw., 685.
hiaus, Kz., 686.
juglandifolium, Sw., 6S5.
plautagiueum, Sw., 684.
Diplocalyx, Rich., syn.

Schcepfise, corr.
Diplochita

angustifolia, Benth., 254.
bracteata, DC., 252.
caudata, Cr., 252.
florida, DC., 252.
Fothergilla, DC., 252.
leucocepbala, DC., 252.
mucronata, DC., 252.
parviflora, Benth., 252.
rosea, Manf, 252.
serru/ata, DC., 252.
sessi/ifolia, Gr., 252.
Swartziana, DC., 252.
tomentosa, Gr., 252.
Diplotropis

brachypetala, Tul., 203.
Dipteraciinthus

cauesceus, Ns., 451.
geminillorus, Ns., 451.
jamaiceusis, Ns., 453.
pauiculatus, Ns., 451.

734

INDEX.

Disphenia

arborea, Prl., 704.
Distreptus

crispus, Cass., 355.
nudicaulis, Less., 355.
spicatus, Cass., 355.
Ditaxis

fasciculata, Sckl., 44.
fasciculata, V., 44.
glabella, Gr., 44.
hcemiolandra, Gr., 44.
Dodecas

maritimus, Gr., 270.
surinamensis, L., 271.
Dodonsea

angustifolia, Sw., 128.
arabica, Hochst., 127.
bialata, Kih., 128.
brasiliensis, Schl., 128.
Burmanniana, DC., 127.
Candolleana, Bl., 127.
Dombeyana, Bl., 128.
jamaioensis, DC., 128.
linearis, E. Mey., 128.
Mundtiana, Ec/cl., 128.
pallida, Miq., 128.
Schiedeana, Schl., 128.
Thunbergiana, Ec/cl., 128.
viscosa , L., 127-
yiscosa, Cav., 128.
Dolichos

albiflorus, DC., 196.
altissimus, Jacq., 198.
articulatus, Lam., 195.
bulbosus, L., 195.
comosus, Mey., 198.
liliforniis, L., 194, 196.
filil'ormis, Macf., 196.
gladiatus, L., 197.
Jacquini, DC., 197.
Lablab, L., 196.
liguosus, Jacq., 197.
luteolus, Jacq., 195.
luteus, Sw., 195.
minimus, L., 190.
nauldnicus, Sav., 196.
obtusilblius, Lam., 197.
prariens, L., 198.
purpureus, Jacq., 196.
repens, L., 195.
roseus, Sw., 197.
ruber, Jacq., 194.
sesquipedalis, L., 196.
spharospermus, DC. 196.
spurius, Mey., 195.
subracemosus, Jacq., 195.
tuberosus, Lain., 1 96.
nnciuatus, L., 93.

Doliclios

unguiculatus, Jacq., 196.
ureus, L., 198.

Doliocarpus

Calinea, Miq., 3.
semidentatus, G/c., 3.
Doualdia, ILL, sect. Begonia;,
305.

Donax, P. B., sect. Arundi-
nis, 530.

Dorstenia

Contrajerva, L., 154.
cordifolia , Lam., 154.
tubicina, R. P., 154.
Dracaena

terminalis, Sieb., 583.
Dracontium

pertusum, L., 509.
Drepanocarpus

isadelpbus, E. Mey., 201.
lunaius, Mey., 201.
microphyllus, E. Mey., 201.
Drosera

americana, IF., 27.
intermedia, TLayn., 27.
longifolia, Sm., 27.
tenella , Kth., 27.
Droseracead, 26.

Drymaria

cordata , W., 56.
diaudra, Macf., 56.
Drymonia

parvfolia, Gr., 463.
Drypetes

crocea, Poit., 32.
glauca, Y., 32.'
glomerata, Gr., 32, corr.
Dunautia, DC., sect. Isocar-
phae, 376.

Duranta

Ellisia, Jacq., 498.
Plumieii, Jacq., 498.
Dysosmia, DC., sect. Passi-
florae, 294.

Ebenaceas, 404.
Eccbarianthus, Gr., sect. Cka-
rianthi, 264.

Echinockloa, P. B., sect.

Panici, 545.
Eckinodorus

cordifolius, Gr., 505.
guianensis, Gr., 505.
Eckinops

frulicosus, L., 355.

Eckitcs

adglutinata, Jacq., 414.
asperugiuis, Sw., 410.

Eckites

barbata, Desv., 416.
bijlora , Jacq., 415.
brackystacbya, Bentli.,
414.

Brownei, J. M (ill., 414.
Catesbad, G. Don, 415.
circinalis, Sw., 414.
concolor, Ham., 415.
corymbosa, Jacq., 412.
domingensis, Jacq., 416.
domingensis, A. DC.,
416.

domingensis, Sw., 416.
Ekrenbergii, Schl., 415.
ferruginea, Bich., 415.
floribunda, Sw., 412.
grandiflora, Mey., 416.
kirtelia, Kth., 414.
jamaicensis, Gr., 416.
microcalyx, A. DC.,
414.

muricata, A. DC., 421.
neriandra, Gr., 415.
nitida, V., 41 6.
nutans, And., 413.
pa/udosa, V., 415.
quinquangularis, Jacq.,

413.

repens, Jacq., 414.
rugosa, Be. nth., 414.
Sagraei, A. DC., 415.
sanguinolenta. Puss., 413.
suberecta, Jacq., 415.
suberecta, Desc., 416.
suberecta, Sw., 415.
subsagittata, R. P., 413.
symphytocarpa, Mey.,

414.

tenuicaulis, Sladelm., 414.
torosa, Jacq., 413.
torulosa, Jacq., 413.
torulosa, L., 414.
trifida, Jacq., 413.
umbellata, Jacq., 414.
versicolor, Sladelm., 414.
Eclipta

alba, Hassle., 370.
brachypoda, Mich., 370.
erecta, L., 370.
longifolia, Schrad., 370.
peduncularis, Mm., 370.
proeumbeus, Mich., 370.
prostrata, L., 370.
punctata, L., 370.
tkermalis, By., 370.
Eglctes

domingensis, Cass., 380.

INDEX.

735

Ehretia

acauthophora, DC., 482.
Bourreria, L., 481.
dubia, Jacq., 479.
exsucca, Bert., 482.
exsucca, L., 482.
havanensis, JF., 482.
spinosa. West., 482.
tinifolia, L., 481.
tomentosa, Lam., 482.
velutina, BO., 482.
Eichhornia

tricolor, Seub., 590.

Elaeis

guineensis, L., 522.
occidentals, Sw., 518.
Eheodendron

attenuatum. Rich., 145,
corr.

dicecum, G., corr.
glaucum, Pei's., 146.
rotundatum, DC., 145.
xylocarpum, DC., 145.
Elaphoglossum, Schtt., sect.

Acrosticbi, 675.
Eleocharis, R. Br., sect.
Scirpi, 569.
capitata, R. Br., 570.
consanguinea, Kth., 570.
constricta. Sell., 571 -
depauperata, Kth., 569.
eqnisetoides, Torr., 571.
exigua, Sch., 569.
geniculata, Hostm., 571.
interstincta, R. Br.,
571.

maculosa, R. Br., 570.
mutata, R. Br., 571.
mutata, Weig., 571.
nodidosa, Sch., 570.
sulciculmis, Tr., 570.
Eleogenus

capitatus, Ns., 570.
nodulosus, Ns., 570.
ocrcatus, Ns., 569.
Elephanthosis, Less., sect.
Elephantopodis, 355.
angustifolia, DC., 355.
Elephantopus

anguslifolius, Sw., 355.
carolinianns, IV., 355.
Martii, Grab., 355.
mollis, Kth., 355.
scaber, L., 354.
spicatus, Juss., 355.
Eleusinc

• filiformis, Vers., 537.
indica, G., 540.

Eleusine

mucronata, Kth., 537 •
Elleantlms

capitatus, G. Rchb., 623.
Ellisia

acuta, L., 498.

Eluteria, Gr., sect. Crotonis,
39.

Elytraria

apargiifolia, Ns., 456.
fasciculata, Kth., 451.
frondosa, Kth., 451 .
ramosa, Kth., 451.
tridentata, V., 451.

Emilia

sonchifolia, DC., 381.
Emmeorrhiza

brasiliensis, Phi., 351.
Enckea

Amalago, Gr., 169.
ceanothifolia, Miq., 169.
glaucescens, Kth., 169.
plantaginea, Kth., 170.
plantaginea, Miq., 169.
reticulata, Miq., 170.
Sieberi, Miq., 170.
smi/acifo/ia, Kth., 169.
Swartzii, Gr., 169.
unguiculata, Kth., 169.
Endlicheria

sericea, Ns., 284.

Enhydra

sessilis, DC., 369.
Euicostema, Bl., corr.
Enslenia

albida, Mett., 418.
jamaicensis , Gr., 418.
racemosa, Gr.,418.

Entada

gigalobium, DC., 217.
scandens, Benth., 216.
polystachya , DC., 217.
Euterolobium

cyclocarpum, Gr., 226.
Timbouva, Mart., 226.
Ephippiorhynchium

polycephalum, Ns , 574.
tenuirostre, Ns., 574.
Epicion, Gr., sect. Metastel-
matis, 417.

Epidendrum

aciculare, Batem., 613.
altissimum, Batem., 614.
altissimum, Jacq., 633.
anccps, Jacq., 617.
angustifolium, Sw., 613.
aurilum, Liudl., 613.
bahamense, Gr., 614.

Epidendrum

Barringtonise, Siv., 627.
bicornulum. Hook., 614.
bifarium, Sw., 618.
bifidum, Aubl., 618.
bletioides, Gr., 615.
Bradfordii, Gr., 613.
caudatum, L., 633.
cebolleta, Jacq., 632.
cliloroleucum, Hook.,

613.

ciliare, L., 615.
cinnabarinum, Salzm.,

617.

coccineum, Jacq., 626.
coclilealum, L., 616.
cochleatum, Curt., 615.
compressum, Gr., 617-
crassifolinm, Lindl., 617.
cucullatum, L., 620.
cuspidatum, Lodd., 615.
difforme, Jacq., 618.
diffusum, Siv., 619.
discoidale, Lindl., 616.
elongatum, Jacq., 617.
fragrans, Sw., 615.
fulgens, Brongn., 617.
fuscatum, Sw., 617.
fusiforme, G. Rchb., 623.
globosum, Jacq., 619.
globosum, Brad/., 613.
gracile, Lindl., 613.
gramiuifolium, L., 611.
guttatum, L., 632.
Huegelianum, G. Rchb.,

620.

jamaicense , Lindl., 618.
indivisum, Bradf., 614.
labiatum, Sw., 634.
lauceolatum, Bradf., 616.
latilabre, Lindl., 618.
linearifolium, Hook., 613.
nocturnum , L., 619.
nodosum, Jacq., 621.
nutans, Sw., 616.
ophioglossoides, Jacq.,

611.

Ottonis, G. Rchb., 613.
pallidiflorum, Hook., 616.
patens, Sw., 617.
phceniceum, Lindl., 614.
plicatum, Lindl., 614.
polgbutbon, Sw., 63 5.
pygmaum, Hook., 615.
ramosum, Jacq., 618.
rigidum, Jacq., 618.
rivulare , Lindl., 616.
rufum, Lindl., 614.

736

INDEX.

Epidendrum
ruscifolium, L., 608.
sanguineum, Sw., 620.
satyrioides, Sw., 636.
Schomburg/cii, Lindl.,

617.

secundum, L., 617.
serrulatum , G. Rchb.,
615.

stenopetalum, Hook., 619.
strobiliferum, G. Rchb.,

618.

stibaquilum, Lindl., 615.
Swartzii, G.Rclib., 618.
teretifolium, Sw., 619.
tetrapetalum, Jacq., 631.
trinitatis, Lindl., 616.
umbellatum, Sw., 618.
Vanilla, L., 638.
variegatum, Hook., 615.
verrucosum, Sw., 619.
vincentinum , Lindl., 619.
virens, Lindl., 614.
vomeriforme, Sw., 621.
Epigaea

cordifolia, Sw., 142.
Episcia

melittifolia. Mart., 462.
pulchella, Mart., 463.
subacanlis, Gr., 462.
Epistemon, Gr., sect. Dios-
coreae, 287.

Epistephium

Cruegeri, G. Rchb., 637.
parviflorum, Lindl., 637-
Epistylium, Sw., sect. Phyl-
lantbi, 33.
axillare, Sw., 33.
cauliflorum, Sw., 33.
EquisETACEiE, 648.
Equisetum

bogoteuse, Kth., 648.
giganteum, L., 648.
giganteum, Gay, 648.
Humboldtianum, Fendl.,
648.

Lechleri, Mild., 648.
palustre , L., 648.
xylocheetum, Mctt., 648.
Eragrostis

bahiensis, Scbrad., 632.
Brownei, Ns., 532.
ciliaris, Lk., 532.
conferta, Tr., 532.
cynosuroides , R. S., 531.
glutinosa, Tr., 532.
pitosa, P. B., 532.
pouioidcs, F. B., 532.

Eragrostis

prolifera, Steud., 532.
reptans , Ns., 632.
Eranthemum

nervosum, R. Br., 457.
spinosum, Bert., 457.
Ereehthites

cacalioides. Less., 381.
carduifolius, DC., 381.
hieracifolius, Raf., 381.
Eriantkus

jamaicensis , Gr., 561.
saccharoides; Mich., 561.
ElllCEA'!, 141.

Erigeron

apurensis, Gr., 365.
bonariensis, L., 365.
canadensis, L., 365.
cuneifolius, DC., 365.
jamaicensis, Sw., 364.
jamaicensis, L., 365.
rivularis , Sw., 365.
spathulatus, V., 365.
strictus , DC., 365.
El'iocaulon

ccesium, Gr., 526.
Sumboldtii, Kth., 526.
melanocephalum, Kth.
526.

seiaceum, L., 526.
Eriochrysis

cayennensis, P. B., 560.
Eriochloa

punctata, Ham., 544.
Eriodendron

anfractuosum, DC., 88.
Eriosema

grandiflorum, Bernli., 191.
lanceolatum, Benth., 191.
sessiliflorum, Wp., 182.
simplicifolium, Wp., 191.
violaceum, E. Mey., 191.
Erithalis

angustifolia, DC., 336.
fruticosa, L., 336.
odorifera, Jacq., 336.
Ernodea

litoralis, Sw., 347.
Eroteum

undulatum, V., 104.
Ervum

hvrsutum, L., 189.
Eryngium
j'cetidum, L., 308.
Erythrcea

ramosissima, Pers., 422.
Ery thrin a

Gorallodendron, L., 199.

Erythrina
indica, Lam., 199.
speeiosa, Andr., 199.
velutina,~N ., 199.

EltYTHROXYLEiE, 113.

Erythroxylum
affine, Rick., 113.
areolatum, L., L13.
areolatum, Pcepp., 113.
brevipes, DC., 113.
havauense, Kth., 113.
havanense, Jacq., 113.
havanense, Rich., 114.
obovatum, Maef., 113.
obtusum, DC., 113.
ovai/im, Cav., 113.
squamatum, V., 114.

Esenbeekia

attenuaia, Gr., 135.
castanocarpa, Gr., 135.
pentapliylla, Gr., 135.
pilocarpoides, Sch., 135.

Etaballia

macropliylla, Benth.,
215.

Ethnlia

sparganophora, L , 352.
Struthium, Sw., 352.

Euacacia, Gr., sect. Acacise,

220.

Euamarantus, Moq., sect.
Amaranti, 69.

Euanemia, Mett., sect. Ane-
mias, 650.

Euasplenium, Gr., sect. As-
plenii, 680.

Euayenia, Gr., sect. Ayeniae,
92.

Euhactris, Gr., sect. Bactris,
519.

Euheureria, Gr., sect. Beure-
riae, 481.

Euborrera, Gr., sect. Borre-
ree, 349.

Eubruufelsia, Gr., sect. Brun-
t el si tc, 432.

Eucalathea, Korn., sect. Ca-
latheae, 604.

Eucailiandra, Gr., sect. Cal-
liaudrse, 224.

Eucelosia, Gr., sect. Celo-
siae, 62.

Euccltis, Gr., sect. Celtis,
149.

Eucereus, Miq., sect. Cerei,
301.

Eucharianthus, Gr., seel*
Charianthi, 263.

Euclinia, DC., sect. Randioe,
318.

Eucoccoloba, Gr., sect. Coc-
colobre, 161.

Eucolumnea, Oerst., sect. Co-
lumnem, 464.

Eucorehorus, Gr., sect. Cor-
chori, 97-

Eucyperus, Liebrn ., sect. Cy-
peri, 562.

Euechites, A. DC., sect.
Echitis, 413.

Euelephantopus, Endl., sect.

Elephautopodis, 354.
Eueragrostis, Gr., sect. Era-
grostis, 532.

Euerythrina, Gr., sect. Ery-
thrinaj, 199.

Eueseubeckia, Gr., sect. Esen-
beckise, 135.

Eugalactia, Gr., sect. Galac-
tiee, 194.

Eugenia

acutiloba, DC., 237.
ceruginea, DC., 237-
alpina, W., 236.
amazonica, Bg., 237.
axillaris, Poir., 236.
axillaris, Bg., 236.
barnensis, Gr., 238.
barnensis, Jacq., 236.
biflora, DC., 237.
bracteata, Mac/., 240.
buxifolia, W., 236.
buxifolia, Mac/., 236.
ca/ycolpoides, Gr., 238.
chrvsophylloides, Macf.,
238.

cofl'eifolia, DC., 239.
crenata, Bg., 237.
deflexa, Poir., 235.
dichotoma, DC., 240.
dichotoma, Macf., 240.
dislicha, DC., 237.
divaricata, Lam., 234.
dumosa, Macf., 237-
ernarginata, Macf., 240.
ferruginea, Poir., 235.
filiformis, Macf, 239.
Jloribunda, West., 239.
foetida, Bg., 236.
fragrans, Bot. Mag.,
240.

fragrans, W., 240.

Grey'd, DC., 238.
Jainbos, L., 235.
inundula, DC., 237.
Lambertiana, DC., 238.

INDEX.

Eugenia

lancea, Poir., 237-
lateriflora, W., 236.
lalifolia, W., 238.
liguslrina, W., 239.
malaceensis, L., 235.
Mairchiana, Gr., 238.
Michelii, Lam., 239.
mini, Meg., 238.
monticola, DC., 236.
multiflora, Rich., 234.
obtusata, DC., 237.
palleus, DC., 237-
paniculseflora, Sleud.,

234.

paniculate, Jacq., 234.
paniculate, Sieb., 235.
Patrisii, DC., 238.

Patrisii, Miq., 238.
periplocifolia, Jacq., 234.
Pimenta, DC., 240.
Poirelii, DC., 236.
procera, Poir., 238.
pseudopsidium, Jacq.,

238.

psidioides, Bg., 238.
psidioides, DC., 238.
punctata, V., 240.
quadrangularis, Duck.,

239.

rotundifolia, Macf., 240.
Schlechtendaliana, Bg.,

237.

sessiliflora, DC., 236.
Sieberiana, DC., 238.
sinemariensis, Aubl.,

238.

trinitatis, DC., 237.
uniflora, L., 239.
virgata, Macf., 237.
virgullosa, DC., 237-
Wallenii, Macf, 239.
Eugeniastruin, Gr., sect.
Eugenia:, 236.

Euheliotropium, Gr., sect.

Heliotropii, 485.
Eulieteropteris, Gr., sect,
Heteropteris, 119.
Euinga, Benih., sect. Ingse,
228.

Eulicania, Gr., sect: Licanite,
230.

Eulitiociera, Gr., sect. Lino-
cicraj, 405.

Eumascagnia, Gr., sect. Mas-
cagnifle, 121.

Eumaxillaria, Lindt., sect.
Maxillurice, 626.

737

Eumelochia, Gr., sect. Melo-
cbice, 93.

Eumetastelma, Gr., sect. Me-
tastelmatis, 417.

Eumieonia, Baud., sect. Mi-
conite, 256.

Eumimosa, Benth., sect. Mi-
mosse, 218.

Eumyrcia, Gr., sect. Myrcice,
234.

Eumyristica, DC., sect. My-
risticss, 8.

Eumyrsine, Gr., sect. Myr-
sinis, 392.

Eunectandra, Gr., sect. Nec-
tandrse, 281.

Eupaspalum, Gr., sect. Pas-
pali, 541.

Eupatorium

adenophorum, Spr., 360.
ageratifolium, DC., 360.
atriplicifolium, Lam., 359.
Ayapana, Vent., 362.
Berterianuui, Col., 362.
brachiatum, Wickstr.,
358.

canescens, V., 360.
celtidifolium, Lam., 361.
cinereum, Gr., 359.
conyzoides, V., 858,
cord.ifolium, Sw., 358.
corylifolium, Gr., 361.
Dalea, L., 362.
diffusum, V., 356.
glandulosum, Kth., 360.
guadalupense, Spr., 362.
hastatum, L., 363.
heteroclinium, Gr., 358.
Houstonis, Sw., 363.
impeliolare, Gr., 357.
iresinoides, Kth., 360.
ivifolium, L., 359.
IcBvigatum., Lam., 357.
macranthum , Sw., 357.
macrodon, DC., 358.
macrophyllum, L., 356.
montanum, Sw., 359.
nervosum, Sw., 361.
nervosum, Sieb., 366.
odoratum, L., 358.
Osscoanum, DC., 357,
pallescens, DC., 360.
paniculatum, Schrad.,
362.

parviflorum, Sw., 362.
populifolium, Mart., 356.
psiadimfolium, DC., 857.
punctatum, Lam., 357.

738

INDEX.

Eupatorium

repandum, W., 358.
riyidum, Sw., 357.
schizanthum, Gr., 361.
Sieberianum, DC., 360.
sinuatum, Lam., 360.
tetranthum, DC., 360.
triyonocarpum, Gr., 359.
triste, DC., 36] .
urticifoHum, L., 357.
urtici folium, Hb. B/cs .,
362.

villosum, Sw., 361.
Vitalba, DC., 357.

Eupavonia, Gr., sect. Pavo-
nise, 82.

Eupectis, Or., sect. Pectidis,
378.

Euphorbia

alata, Hook., 52.
articulata, Burn., 53.
Balbisii, Bnss., corr.
Berteriana, Balb., 54.
Burmanuiana, Gay., 53.
buxifolia, Lam., 53.
callitrichoides, Kih., 54.
cariuata, Bot. May., 52.
centunculoides, Ktli., 53.
ceutunculoides, Peepp., 53.
cotinifolia, L., 52.
cyathophora, Jacq., 54.
depressa, Ton., 53.
diceca, Kth., 53.

Jlexuosa, Kth., 53.
glabrata, V., 53.
graminea, Sw., 52.
herniarioides, Nutt., 53.
heterophylla, L., 54.
hirta, L., 54.
hypericifolia, L., 54.
hyssopifolia, L., 54.
lasiocarpa, Prl., 54.
linearis, Betz., 53.
maculata, L., 53.
myrtifolia, L., 53.
nudiflora, Jacq., 52.
obliterata, Jacq., 54.
Peplus, L., 54.
pilulifera, L., 54.
prostrata, Ait., 53.
pnmifolia, Jacq., 54.
punicea, Ait., 54.
serpens, Kth., 53, corr.
tenella, Kth., 54.
thymifolia, L ., 53.
tithymaloides, Jacq., 52.
vayinulata, Gr., 52.

Euphokbiaceas, 31.

Euphyllanthus, Endl., sect.

Phyllanthi, 33.
Eupolypodiurn, Gr., sect. Po-
lypodii, 698, 701.
Eupsycbotria, Gr., sect.

Psychotriaa, 343.
Eupteris, Gr., sect. Pteridis,
668.

Eurhynchospora, Gr., sect.

Rhynchosporee, 573.
Eurondeletia, Gr., sect. Ron-
deletise, 327-
Eurychaenia
ferruyinea, Gr., 259.
futva, Gr., 259.
punctata, Gr., 259.
Eusalmea, Gr., sect. Salmese,
373.

Euscirpus, Gr., sect. Scirpi,

571.

Euscleria, Gr., sect. Scleriae,

577.

Euspiranthes, Lindt., sect.

Spiranthis, 640.
Eustachys

petrsea, Desv., 539.
Eustenostomum, Gr., sect.

Stenostomi, 333.
Eustigmaphyllon, Gr., sect.

Stigmaphylli, 118.
Eustoma

exaltatum, Gr., 422.
Eutecoma, Endl., sect. Teco-

mm, 447-

Eutephrosia, Gr., sect. Te-
phrosise, 182.

Euterpe

montana, Grah., 517-
oleracea, Mart., 517.
Eutetrazygia, Gr., sect. Te-
trazygiffi, 254.

Eutriana

aristidoides, Kth., 537.
bromoides, Tr., 537.
Eutribulus, Gr., sect. Tribuli,
134.

Euuniola, Gr., sect. Unwise,
531.

Euxolus

caudatus, Moq., 68.
viridis, Moq., 68.

Euxvris, Endl., sect. Xyridis,
’525.

Evelyna

capitata, P. E., 622.
furfuracea, Lindl., 623.
lonyibracleata, Lindl.,
623.

Evodianthus, Oerst., syn.

Carludovicse, 513.
Evolvulus

alsinoides , L., 475.
arbuscula, Poir., 475.
cauus, Spr., 475.
ylabriusculus, Chois.,
475.

linifolius, L., 475.
mucronatus, Sw., 475.
nummularius, L., 475.
pnrpurocaeruleus, Hook.,
475.

sericeus, Sw., 475.
veronicifolius, Kth., 476.
villosus, R. P., 475.
Exacum

cubeuse, Peepp., 423.
guianense, Aubl., 423.
Excoecaria

caribcea, Gr., 51.
farinosa, Gr., 50.
ylandulosa, Sw., 51.
lucida, Sw., 50.
tinifolia, Sw., 51.
Exogonium, Chois., sect.
Ipomoese, 472.
filiforme, Chois., 472.
repandum, Chois., 472.
Exostemma

brachycarpum, R. S., 324.
caribccum, G. Don, 324.
floribundum, R. S., 323.
trijlorum, G. Don, 324.
Vavassorii, Gr., 323.
Exothea

oblongifolia, Macf., 127.
Eadyenia

Hoolceri, Endl., 286.
prolifera, Hook., 696.
Fagara

lentiscifolia, W., 137.
microphylla, Desf., 137.
pterota, L., 137, 138.
trayodes, Jacq., 137.
Faramea

Martini, DC., 339.
montevidensis, var., DC.,
338.

odoratissima, DC., 338.
Feea, Bory, sect. Trichoma-
nis, 652.

Fernandezia

acuta, Lindl., 624.
elegans, Lindl., 624.
FeuiRea

cordifolia, L., 289.

INDEX.

Ficoidece, 57.

Ficus

aincricann, Licit., 151.
araericana, Sio., 152.
citrifolia, Lam., 150.
crassineroia, Desf., 150.
dimidiata, Gr., 151.
ffemina, R. P-, 152.
Iccvigata, V., 151.
laurifolia , Lam., 150.
lentigbnosa, V., 151.
martinicensis, IP., 150.
ochroleuca, Gr., 151.
•pallida, V., 151.
pertusa, L., 152.
pertusa, Sio., 151.
populnea , W., 151.
pedunculata, Ait., 151.
Schumacheri, Gr., 151.
sujjocans, lib. Bks.,
150.

tiuctoria, Fuss., 151.
trigonata, L., 130.
vircns. Ait., 150.

Filices, 648.

Fimbristylis, V., sect. Scirpi,
571.

autumnalis, R. S., 571.
capillaris, As. Gr., 572.
ferruginea, V., 572.
laxa, V., 572.
obtusifolia, Kill., 572.
spadicea, V., 572.
tenuifolia, Ns., 572.
Fischeria

cincta, Gr., 421.
multijlora, Decs., 421.
scandens, DC., 421.
Fistula, DC., sect. Cassise,
206.

Flacourtia

celastrina, Kth., 21.
ticxuosa, Kth., 21.
Flacourtiancec, 20.

Flemingia

slricta, Roxb., 191.
strobilifera, R. Br., 191.
Fleurya

asluans, Gaud., 154.
cordata, Gaud., 154.
Foresticra

cassinoidus, Poir., 406.
porulosa, Poir., 406.
Forsteronia

Alexandri, Gr., 412.
brasiheusis, A. DC., 412.
corgmbosa, Mey., 412.
/loribunda, G. Don, 412.

Fourcroya

cubensis, Haw., 582.
gigantea, Vent., 582.
Fragaria

vesca, L., 232.

Franciscea, Phi., sect. Brun-
fclsiae, 432.

Frangula

spheerocarpa, Gr., 99.
Fregirardia, Dun., sy n.W ithe-
ringim, 435.

Freziera

dioica, Mac/., 145.
elegans, Tut., 103.
hirsuta, Sm., 104.
ilicioides, Tut., 103.
Nimanimm, Tul., 103.
undul ata, Sw., 104.
Perrotetiana, Tut., 104.
theoides, Sw., 103.
Froelichia

floridana, Moq., 63.
intenupta, Moq., 63.
paniculata, V., 339.
Fuchsia

iuvolucrata, Sw., 319.
Fuireua

umbellata, Rottb., 573.
Furcaria, DC., sect. Hibisci,
84.

Galactia

angustifolia, Kth., 194.
Berteriana, DC., 194.
brevistyla, Schl., 194.
dubia, DC., 194.
filiformis, Benth., 194.
Lockhartii, Gr., 194.
lougiflora, Am., 194.
pendula, Pers., 194.
pilosa, Nutt., 194v
Sagoti, Wp., 194.
teuuitlora, W. A., 194.
Galega

caribeea, Jacq., 183.
ciuerea, L., 182.
liliformis, Jacq., 194.
litoralis, L., 182.
longifolia, Jacq., 194.
toxicaria, L., 182.
Galinsoga

parvijlora, Cav., 379.
Galipca

pentaphylla, Macf., 135.
Galium

hgpocarpium, Endl., 351.
Garcinia

macrophylla, Mart., 108.

739

Gardenia

armata, Sw., 318.
elusiifolia, Jacq., 317-
Genipa, Sw., 317-
Randia, Sw., 318.
Gardoquia

origauoides, Rchb., 495.
Garry a

Fadyenii, Hoolc., 286.

Garuvace.e, 285.

Gaultheria

anastomosans, Kth., 142.
buxifolia, TP., 142.

Gaya

aflinis, Rich., 79.
occidentalis, Gr., 79.
Gayopsis, As. Gr., sect. Abu-
tili, 79.

Geiseleria, Kl., sect. Crotonis,
41.

chamffidryfolia, KL, 41.
Geissomeria

coccinea, And., 454.
Gendarussa, Ns., syn. Justi-
cise, 456.

Genipa

americana, L., 317.
Caruto, Kth., 317-
elusiifolia, Gr., 317-
Gentiana

exaltata, L., 422.
uniflora, Jacq., 425.
verticillata, L., 423.
Gentiank/E, 422.

Geoffroya

inermis, Sio., 201.
pubescens, Rich., 203.
Sieberi, Benth., 207-
Gconoma

multijlora. Mart., 517.
occidentalis, Kth., 518.
oxycarpa , Mart., 518.
vaga, Gr. W., 517.
Geophila

reniformis, Don, 347-
GERANIACliiE, 132.

Geranium

pgrenaicum, L., 132.
Gerardia

hispidula,^ Mart., 428.
Gerascanthus, P. Dr., sect.

Col-dim, 478.
Gesnehiaceao, 469.

Gesneria

acaulis, L., 462.
corgmbosa, Sw., 459.
exsertn, Sio., 460.
grandis, Sw., 459.

3 E

740

INDEX.

Gesneria

Jiii'suta, Kill., 459.
humilis, L., 461.
libanensisj Morr., 462.
pumila, Sw., 462.
scabra, Sw., 461.
tomentosa, L., 460.
ventricosa, Sw., 460.
Gesnouiuia

boebmerioides, Miq., 160.
Ghiuia

verbenacea, Sw., 493.
Giuoria, Jacq., 271.

Gireoudia, Kl., sect. Begonia;,
305.

Gleichenia

Bancroftii, Hoolc., 651.
dichotoma, Hoolc., 652.
furcata, Spr., 652.
immersa, H. G., 652.
Hermanni, II. Br., 652.
longipiimata, Hook., 652.
Mathewsii, Hoolc., 651.
pectinata, Prl., 652.
Glyciue

abvssiuica, Hochst., 193.
discolor, Hi. Gal., 193.
labialis, L., 193.
oblonga, Benth., 193.
parviflora, Law.., 193.
phaseoloides, Sw., 190.
reticulata, Sw., 191.
teuuiflora, W., 194.
vincentina, Lindl., 189.
Glycostnis

citrifolia, Lindl., 132.
heterophylla, Rich., 132.
Gnaphalium

albescens, Sw., 380.
americanum, Mill., 380.
dominyense , Lam., 380.
elegaus, Ktli., 380.
obtusitolium, L., 380.
oxyphyllum, var.,ZX7.,380.
Poeppigianum, DC., 380.
polycephalum, Mich.,
380.

pvrpureum, L., 380.
spicatum, Lam., 380.
Goeppertia

sericca, Ns., 284.

Gomphia

Oandollei, PL, 105.
ynianensis, Rich., 105.
Guildingii, PL, 105.
jam.aicensis, PL, 105.
iauriful a, Sw., 104.
lonyifoHa, DC., 105.

Gomphia
nitida, Sw., 105.
nitida, DC., 105.
pyrifolia, Gr., 105.
Gomphocarpus
fruticosus, R. Br., 419.
Gomphrena

Berteriana, Balb., corr.
brasiliensis, Jacq., 64.
glauca, Moq., 65.
ylobosa, L., 63.
iuterrupta, L., 63.
iresinoides, Moq., 65.
luzuliflora, Moq., 65.
Gongora

atropurpurea, Hook.,
630.

Goniophlebium, Prl., sect.

Polypodii, 698.
Gonoceutrum

collinum, Cr., 237.
Gouolobus

crispiflorus, R. Br., 421.
floccosus, Wic/csir., 421 .
liirtus, Bert., 419.
maritimus, Bot. Rey.,
421.

marlinicensis, Decs., 420.
pubescens, Gr., 420.
rhamnifolius, Gr., 420.
rostralus, R. Br., 420.
stellatus, Gr., 420.
undulatus, R. Br., 421.
Gonzalea

Petesia, Gr., 321.
spicala, DC., 321.
Goodenoyie^d, 388.
Gordonia

hsematoxylon, Sic., 104.
villosa, Mac/., 104.
Gossypia^ithus

lanuyinosus, Moq., 68.
Gossypium

berbadense , L., 86.
brasilieuse, Mac f., 86.
herbaceum, L., 86.
jamaicense, Mac/., 86.
hirsutum, L., 86.
oligospermum, Mac/., 86.
purpurascens, Poir., 86.
reliyiosum, L., 86.
Gouauia

cordifolia, Radd., 101.
dominyensis, L., 101.
glabra, Jacq., 101.
pubescens, Lam., 102.
srnilaoina, Sm., 101.
iomenlosa, Jacq., 101.

Govenia

limbata, Gr., 628.
ulricidaia, Lindl., 628.
GuaminEjE, 527.
Grammadeuia
parasitica, Gr., 393.
Grammica, Lour., sect. Cus-
cutee, 476.

Grammitis

elongata, Sw., 702.
griuuinoides, Sw., 672.
Hewardii, Moor., 696.
lauceolata, Schlc., 702.
linearis, Sw., 703.
maryinella, Sw., 703.
myosuroides, Sw., 703.
serrulata, Sw., 703.
Grauadilla, DC., sect. Passi-
fiorse, 293.
Graptophyllum
pratense, Ns., 455.
Gratiola

Monnieria, L., 430.
repens, Sw., 430.

Greggia

aromatica, G., 238.

Grias

caulifiora, L., 242.

Guadua

latifolia, Kth., 528.
Guajacum

officinale, L., 134.
sanctum, L., 134.
verticale. Rich., 134.
Guanabani, Mi., sect. Auo-
nse, 4.

Guarea

Perrolelii, Juss., 131.
Swarizii, DC., 131, corr.
trichilioides, G-r., 131.
Yahliaua, Juss., 131.
Guatteria
laurifolia. Bun., 7-
Oureyou, Dun., 7.
virgata. Dun., 7-
Guazuma

Bubroma, 'Pass. , 91.
parvilblia, Rich., 90.
polybotrya, Cav., 90.
tomentosa, Kth., 90.
ulmifolia, Lam., 91.
ulmifolia, Mar/., 90.
Guazuinoides, DC., sect. Cor-
clmri, 97.

Guetlarda

ambigua, DC., 332.
aryenlea, Lam., 332.

1 coriaeea, Purs., 334.

INDEX.

741

Guettarda

crispiflora, V., 333.
etliptica, Sw., 332.
longijlora, Gr., 332.
macrantha , Bentli., 332.
membranacea, Sieb., 333.
odorata, Lam., 332.
parvifolia, Svv., 333.
parviflora, V., 333.
parvifiora, var., DC., 333.
resinosa, Pers., 334.
rugosa, Sw., 332.
scabra, Lam., 332.
viburnoides, Cham., 332.
viscosa, Dacli., 334.
xvlosteoides, Kill., 333.
Guettardaria, DC., sect.,
Guettardie, 332.

Guidonia

spinescens, Gr., 24.
Guilandiua
Bonduc, L., 204.
Bonducella, L., 204.
glabra, Mill., 205.
Guildiugia

psidioides, Hook., 243.
Gustavia, sp., 243.
Guttifer/E, 105.

Guzmanuia

tricolor , R. P., 598.
Gymnacantkus, Oersl., sect.
Ituellise, 451.

Gymnandropogon, Ns., sect.

Andropoginis, 558.
Gymnanthes, Sw., sect. Ex-
coccarise, 50.
elliptica, Sw., 51.
bypoleuca, Bentli., 50.
lucida, Sw., 50.
Gymnogonia, R. Br., sect.

Cleomes, 15.
Gymnogramrnc

calomelanos, Kaulf., 679.
calomelanos, Bat., 679.
clieerophylla, Desv., 679.
clirgsophylla , Kaulf., 679.

dealbato-calomclanoSjiic^.,

679.

distans, Lk., 679.
gracilis, Hew., 696.
leptophylla, Bat., 679.
L’Herminieri, Kz., 679.
Martensii, Bor., 679.
ornilhopteris , Kl., 679.
peruviana, Desv., 679.
rufa, Desv., 678.
su/furca , Desv., 679.
lartarca, Desv., 679.

Gymnogramme

trifoliate, Desv., 678.
Gymuogyne, Didr., sect.

Phenacis, corr.
Gymnolobus, Ducharts, sect.

Aristolochise, 299.
Gymnopogou
filiformis, Gr., 538.

I m vis. Ns., 538.

Gymnopsis

verbesinoides, DC., 372.
Gymnopteris

acuminata, Prl., 675.
atiena, Prl., 674.
nicotianifolia, Prl., 674.
Gynandropsis, DC., sect.
Cleomis, 15.
palmipes, DC., 15.
pentaphylla, DC., 15.
speciosa, Kth., 15.
triphylla, DC., 15.
Gynerium, Ktli., sect. Arun-
dinis, 530.

saccbaroides, Humb., 530.
Gynoxys

glabrata, Less., 381.
incana. Less., 381.
laciniata, Less., 382.
lucida, Less., 382.
Gyrolobium, Gr., sect. Pitke-
colobii, 226.

Habbesia, Bentli., sect. Mi-
mosas, 219.

Ilabeuaria

alata. Hook., 644.
brachyceras, Lind/., 644.
brachyceratitis, W., 644.
heptadactylu, G. Rchb.,
644.

macroceras, Spr., 643.
macroceratitis, W., 643.
maculosa, Lindl., 643.
mesodactyla, Gr., 644.
setacea, Lindl., 644.
Habzelia

undulata, A. DC., 7.
Ilteinadictyon

grandiflorum, A. DC., 416.
nutans, A. DC., 413.
vcnosum, Lindl., 413.
Hfcmatoxylon

campechianum, L., 204.
Hfomocharis, Salisb ., syn.

Laplacca:, 104.
1Lemodoha.ce/E, 589.

H amianthus
incrassalus, Gr., 405.

Haloschffinus

capillaris, Ns., 576.
sparsus, Ns., 576.

Hamelia

axillaris, Sw., 320.
clirysantha, Sw., 320.
cbrysantha, J acq., 320.
cuprea, Gr., 320.
latifolia, Rchb., 320.
lutea , Rohr., 320.
patens, Jacq., 320.
ventricosa, Sw., 320.
Hamulium, Cass., sect, ler-
besinse, 374.

Haplsecbmea, Gr., sect.

iEchmese, 593.
Ilaplostylis, Ns., sect. Rhyn-
chosporae, 574.
barbata, Ns., 574.
Hargasseria

occidentalis, Gr., 278.
tinifolia, Hindi., 278.

Harr era

gerascanthoides, Mac f
254.

trinervis, Mac/., 255.
Hartigia, Miq., sect. Mico-
niee, 258.

oblongifolia, Miq., 25S.
spectabilis, Miq., 258.
Hebauthe, Mart., sect. Ire.

siuis, 64.

Hebecliuium

macrophyllum, DC., 356.
Hccastophyllum

Benthamiauum, Miq.,

202.

Brownei, Pers., 202.
Monetaria, DC., 202.
Plumieri, Pers., 202.
Sieberi, Rchb., 202.
Hedera

arborea, Sw., 306.
capitata, Stv., 306.
multiflora, DC., 306.
nutans, Sw., 306.
pendula, Sw., 306.
sciadophyllum, Sw., 306.
Hcdwigia

balsamij era, Sw., 174.
lledyosmum

arborescens, Svv., 173.
nutans, Sw., 173.
Hcdyotis

americana, Jacq-, 330.
Burmanniana, Br., 330.
lleyuii, Br., 330.
rupestris, Stv., 330.

742

INDEX.

Iledysarum

adscendeus, Sw., 186.
asperum, Poir., 187.
axillare, Sw., 187.
barbatum, Su>., 186.
cajanifolium, Kth., 187-
coeruleoviolaceum, Met/.,
186.

diphyllnm, L., 185.
hetei'ocarpum, L., 1S6.
incanum, Sw., 186.
molle, PC., 188.
scorpiurus, Sw., 187.
spirale, Sio., 188.
strobiliferum, L., 191.
supinum, Sw., 186.
tortuosum, Sto., 188.
triflorum, L., 186.
trigonum, Sw., 187.
umbellatum, L., 188.
uncinatum, Jacq-, 187.
venustulum, Kth., 186.
vespertilionis, L., 185.
Heiinia

salicifotia, L. O., 271-
Lleisteria

coccinea, Jacq., 310.

Helia, Mart., sect. Lisianllii,
423.
lleliconia

acuminata, Kappl., 600.
Bihai, L., 600.
caunoides, Rich., 600.
caribcea, Lam., 600.
dnsyantha, C. Kth.,
600.

hirsute, L., 600.
humilis, Jacq., 600.
luteofnsca, Jacq., 600.
psittacorum, L., 600.
psittacorum, Seem., 600.
putverulcnta, Lind!., 600.
Swartziaua, 11. L S'., 600.
Ilelicteres

althseifolia, Lam., 89.
apetala, Jacq., 90.
baruensis, Jacq., S9.
furfuracea, Rich., 89, coit.
jamaicensis, Jacq., 89.
Isora, j Desc., 89.
semitriloba, Bert., 89,
corr.

trapezifolia, Rich., 89,
corr.

irdiophytum, Cham., sect.
Heliotropii, 485.
foetidum, PC., 485.
bundle, Poepp., 485.

ITeliophytum
indicum, PC., 485.
parviflorum, DC., 485.
Hcliotropium

caneseens, Kth., 486.
cinereum, Kth., 486.
coromandelinum, Reiz.,
486.

curassavicum, L., 486.
demissum, R. S., 486.
filiforme, Ktb., 486.
fruticosum, L.,'486.
guaphalodes, Jacq., 483.
helopbilum, Mart., 486.
hirturn, Lehm., 486.
humifusum, Ktb., 486.
indicum, L., 485.
inundatum, Sw., 485.
Kunzei, Lelim., 486.
microphyllum, Sw., 486.
myosotoides, Bert., 486.
nilotienm, J. PC., 486.
ooalifolium, Eorsk., 486.
pareflorum, Gr., 486.
parviflorum, L., 485.
procumbens, Kth., 486.
ternatum, V., 486.

Ileluiia

bulbifera, Kth., 587.
Ehrenbergiana, Kth., 588.
pilosiuscula, Kth., 588.
Helopns

punctatus, Tr., 544.
Helosciadium

leptopliyllum, DC., 308.
Ilelosis

guianensis , Rich., 309.
Hemicarpba
stibsquarrosa. Ns., 572.
ILemidictyon

marginatum, Prl., 680.
Hemimitra, Gr., sect. Bor-
rerre, 349.

Hemionitis

dealbata, IF., 679.
grandifolia, Sw., 685.

* lanceolata, L., 672.
palmate, L., 678.
rufa, Sw., 678.
Hemiphlebium

pusillum, Prl., 657-
Hcmitelia

capensis, R. Br., 701.
grandifolia, Spr., 706.
guianensis, Hoolc., 705.
Hoolceri, Eee, 706.
horrida, K. Br., 706.
horrida, vox., Rook., 706.

Hemitelia

hnrayana , Hook., 706.
Kohautiana, Kz., 706.
multiflora, R. Br., 704.
obtusa, Kaulf., 706.
obtusa, var., Hook., 706.
Parkeri, Hook., 705.
speciosa, Kaulf., 706.
subincisa, Kz., 706.
Henriettea

grandifolia, Mac/., 246.
racemosa, Mac/., 261 .
ramflora, DC'., 246.
succosa, DC., 246.
Hephaestionia, Naud., sect.,
Chaetogastrae, 266.
ckamsecistus, Naud., 267.
strigosa, Naud., 266.
Ilernandia
sonora, L., 285.

Herpestis

chamcedrgoides, Kth.,
430.

chrysantha, Cham., 430.
cubensis, Poepp., 430.
Monnieria, Kth., 430.
repens, Cham. Sclil.,
430.

scssUflora, Benth., 430.
Ilerpetica, PC., sect. Cassire,
209.

Heterantbera
liinosa, V., 590.
reniformis, R. P., 590.
Heteraquartia, Gr., sect.
Solaui, 442.

Heteroloma, Peso., sect. Des-
modii, 186.

Heteronoma

diversifolium, DC., 266.
Heteropogon, Pers., sect.
Andropoginis, 558.
hirtus, Pers., 558.
Heteropteris

acutifolia, var., Juss., 120.
coerulea, Kth., 120.
laurifolia , Juss., 119.
Lindeniana, Juss., 120.
macrostachya, Juss.,
120.

parvflora, DC., 1 1 9.
platyptera, DC., 1 1 9.
purpurea, Kill., 119.
TIeterostega, Peso., sect.
Boutclouee, 537-
juncifolia, Peso., 437.
lletcrotaxis

crassifolia, Lindt., 626.

INDEX.

743

1 Ieterotrichnm

dubium, Mac/., 247.
hispidum, Gr., 251.
iriveum, DC-., 251.
octandram, Macf., 251.
patens, DC., 251.
viscosum., Macf., 247-
llevea

guianeusis, Aubl., 37-
Hexadesmia
fusiformis, Gr., 623.
Hexisea

rejlexa, G. Rchb., 623.
Hibiscus

Abelmoschus, L., 84.
abutiloides, W., 87.
aquations, Tuss., 85.
arboreus, Duse., 86.
Bancroftianus, Macf., 85,

CO IT.

Bancroftianus, Ham., £5.
bicornis, Met/., 84.
bifurcatus, Cav., 84.
cannabinus, L., 85.
clypealus, L., 85.
doiningensis, Jacq., 85.
elatus, Sw., 87.
esculentus, L., S4.
frayUis, DC., 85.
liirtus, Cav., 85.
lunarifolius, W., 85.
Maclayanus, Barter., 85.
malvaviscus, L., 83.
mutabilis, L., 85.
pentaspermus, Bert., 84.
phceniceus, Jacq., 85.
populneus, L., 87.
Rosa-sinensis, 85.
Sabdarifa, L., 85.
similis, BL, 86.
sororius, L., 84.
spinifex, L., 82.
striatus, Cav., 85.
tiliaceus, L., 86.
tiliaceus, Tuss., 87.
irilobus, Cav., 85.
truncatus, Rich., 85.
lulipiflorus, Hook., 84.
nnilateralis, Cav., 85.
vi/ifo/ius, L ., 85.
Hieronyma

alchorncoides, Allem., 32.
iligginsia

psycholriifolia, Benlli.,
321.

Ilillia

lonr/ijlora, Sw., 325.
parasitica, Jacq., 325.

Ilillia

tetrandra, Sw., 325.
Hippeastrum, Herb., sect.
Amaryllidis, 584.
equestre, Herb., 584.
occidentale, Ream., 584.
llippion

verticillatum, Spr., 423.
Hippocratea

comosa, Sw., 148.
discolor, Mey., 148.
grandiflora, Pay., 148.
integrifolia, Mey., 148.
Kappleriana, Miq., 148.
kevigata, Rich., 148.
malpighifolia, Rudg.,

148.

obcordata, Lam., 148.
ovata, Lam., 148.
seandens, Jacq., 148.
scutellata, Gr., 148.
volubilis, L., 148.
I-Tippockateaceje, 14S.
Hippomane

biglandulosa, Aubl., 49.
biglandulosa, Sw., 49.
Mancinella, L., 50.

Hirtea

chrysophylla, Juss., 122.
Hookeriana, Juss., 121.
Jussiaeana, Miq., 120.
ovatitolia, Ktli., 121.
reclinata, Jacq., 121.
Riedleyana, Juss., 121.
Simsiana, Juss., 121.
Swarlziana, Juss., 121.
Hirtella

americana, L., 229, 230.
fruticosa, Sleud., 230.
glaberrima, Steud., 216.
hirsula, Lam., 230.
paniculala, Sw., 230.
paniculata, Lam., 230.
jtendula , Sol., 230.
racemosa, Lam., 229.
silicea, Gr., 229, corr.
iriandra, Sw., 230.
Ilisingera
elegans, Cl., 21.
nitida, Hell., 21.
puberula, Sc hi., 21 .
Roumea, CL, 21.
Iloffmannia

pedunculata, Sw., 321.
psycholriifolia, Gr., 321.
lubijlora, Gr., 321.
Ilohenbcrgia, Schult., sect.
TEchcncce, 592.

IIolcus

halepensis, L., 560.
saccharatus, Ard., 560.
Holosteum

cordatum, L., 56.
diandrum, Sw., 56.
Homaline^e, 298.

Homalium

racemosum, Jacq., 298.
Hopkirkia, DC., sect. Sal-
mese, 375.

Hoplo|)hytum, Beer., sect.
iEclimeee, 591.
bracteatum, C. Kth., 592.
lingulatum, Beer., 591.
nudicaule, C. Kth., 593.
paniculatum, Beer., 592.
polystachynm, Beer., 592.
purpureoroseum. Beer.,
593.

Hosta

ccerulea, Jacq., 501.
Houstonia, L., 331.

Ilowardia, Kth., syn. Gym-
nolobi, 299.

Hufelandia
pendula. Ns., 280.

IIUMIRI ACE/10, 403.

Hura

crepitans, L., 50.
HydrocaUis, PL, sect. Nym-
plimse, 11.

Hydrochauidejs, 506.
Hydrocotyle,
asiatica, L., 307.
brevipes, DC., 307.
repanda, Pers., 307.
umbellata , L., 307.
Hydrolea
spinosa, L., 477.
trigyna, Sw., 477-
urens, R. P., 477.
Hyduoleace/e, 476.
llydromystria

stolonifera, Mey., 506.
Hymenachne

fluviatilis, Ns., 553.
myurus, P. B., 553.
striata, Gr., 554.
Hymensea

Courbaril, L., 213.
ITymeuocallis

cayennensis, Herb., 583.
caribrca, Herb., 583.
rotata, Ker., 583.

Sloanei, Rcem., 583.

Hy monodium, AVt*, sect. Acro-
stichi, 675.

744

INDEX.

Hymenolepis, Kaulf., syu.

Pleurogrammes, 672.
Hymenophyllum
nbietinuni, II. G., 658.
abruptum, Hook., 658.
apicale , Bsch., 659.
axillare, Sw., 659.
axillare, II. Gr., 659.
blepkarodes, Prl., 659.
ciliatum, Sw., 659.
cl a vat, urn, Sui., 658.
Cruegerii, C. Mull.,
659.

elegans, Spr., 659.
eiegantulum, Bsch., 659.
fiaccidum, Bsch., 658.
fraternum, Prl., 658.
fucoides, Sw., 659.
Grevilleanum, Prl., 658.
hirsutuni, Sw., 659.
hirlellum, Sw., 659.
jalapense, Cliam., Schlecht.,
658.

Kokautianum, Prl.,

658.

latifrons, Bsch., 659.
lineare, Sw., 659.
polyanthos, Sw., 658.
protL'usum, HooJc., 658.
pnlchellum, Hook., 659.
rernotum, Bsch., 659.
Sehomburgkii, Prl., 658.
sericeu-m, Sw., 659.
trifidum, II. Gr., 659.
undulatum, Sw., 658.
Hymen ostachys, Bor., sect.

Trichomanis, 653.
Hyospathe

pubigera, Gr. W., 516.
Hypaspidia, Gr., sect. Excoe-
cariffi, 51.

Hypelate

oblongifolia, Hook., 127.
paniculata, Camb., 127-
trifoliata, Sw., 127.

Hypet'bicna, Mrs., sect. Coc-
culi, 10, couf. corr.
Hostmamii, Mrs., 10.
mexicana, Mrs. , ]0.
Moricandii, Mrs., 10.
Tweedii, Mrs., 10.
Hypeiucine.e, 110.
Hypericum

cayennense, L., 111.
Hypoohlamys

peetinata, Fee, 087 •
Ilypodorris

Brownci, /. Sin., 695.

Hypolepis

nigrescens, Hook., 607.
pedata, Iloolc., 667-
Purdieana, Hook., 667.
radiata, Hook., 667.
repens, Prl., 666.
rugulosa, J. Sm., 667.
Ilypoporum, Ns., sect. Scle-
rise, 579.

kirtellum, Ns., 579.
purpurascens, Ns., 579.
Ilypoxis

decumbens, L., 585.
scorzonerifolia, Lam., 585.
Ilyptis

atrorubens, Poit., 488.
brevipes, Poit., 488.
capitata, Jacq., 488.
ckamEedrys, IF., 487.
glandulosa, Sieb., 490.
lantanij olia, Poit., 488.
inelanoslicta, Gr., 488.
obtusijlora, Prl., 488.
peetinata, Poit., 489.
Plumieri, Poit., 489.
polystachya, Kth., 488.
pseudockamcedrys, Poit.,

487.

spicata, Poit., 488.
spicigera , Lam., 487.
suaveolens, Poit., 489.
verticillata, Jacq., 489.
vitis, Kth., 488.

Ibatia

marilima, Gr., 421.
maritima, Decs., 421.
Icacorea, Aubl., sect. Ardi-
si®, 395.

guianensis, Aubl., 395.
Icbnantbus, P. B., sect. Pa-
nici, 550.

almadensis, Kth., 550.
leiocarpus, Kth., 551.
Icica

Copal, Rich., 174.
heptaphylla, Aubl., 173.
Ilex

Cassine, R. S., 147-
cuneifolia, Hook., 147.
dimea, Gr., 147-
macoucoua, Pers., 147.
minutiflora, Rich., 147 >
corr.

Montana, Gr., 147 •
myrtifolia, Lam., 147-
obcordala, Sw., 147.
occidenlalis, Macf., 147-

Ilex

sideroxyloides, Gr., 147,
corr.

IlicinejE, 146.

Illccebrum

ficoideura, L., 67.
polygonoides, L., 67.
vermiculatum, L., 65.
Imperata

caudata, Tr., 561.
Iudigofera
Anil, L., 181.
flaccid a, Roxb., 181.
hirsuta, L., 181.
inquinans, W., 181.
lespedezoidcs, H. A.,
181.

mucronata, Spr., 181.
scabra, Rlh., 181.
subulala, V., 181.
tinctaria, L., 181.
viscosa, Lam., 181.
Ingastrum, Gr., sect. Ing;c,

227.

Iuga

acuminata, Benth., 227.
alba, W., 228.

Bourgoni, DC., 228.
comosa, IF., 225.
cyclocarpa, IF., 226.
forfex, Kth., 226.
fragrans, Macf., 223.
guadelupensis, Desv., 226.
heterophylla, W., 227.
ingoides, W., 228.
latifolia, IF., 225.
laurina, W., 227.
leucantha, Prl., 226.
martinicensis, Prl., 227,

228.

nitida, W., 227.
protracla, Stead., 22 7 •
punctata, IF., 228.
purpurea, IF., 224.
quassiifolia, IF., 228.
Sainan, IF., 225.
setifera, DC., 227.
spleudens, IF, 228.
tergeminn, IP., 225.
trapezifolia, DC., 226.
unguia-cati, L-, 226.
vera, W., 228.
versicolor, Spruce, 227-
Inula

Trixis, I., 383.

Ionidium

linearifolium, Vent., 26.
slrictum, W., 26,

INDEX.

745

Iouidium

suffruticosiun, Wichstr.,
26.
lonopsis

Gardneri, Lindl., 636.
palUdiJlora, Liudl., 636.
satyrioides, <?. Rchb.,
636.

testiculata, Lindl., 636.
ulricularioides, Lindl.,
636.

Ipomoea

acelosifolia, R. S., 471.
acuminata , R. S., 473.
alba, Gk., 468.
arenaria, Stead., 472.
asarifolia, R. S., 471.
Batatas, Lam., 468.
bona-nox, L., 466.
Bouvelii, Wp., 470.
carnea, Jacq., 469.
Carolina, L., 470.
cathartica , Poir., 473.
Cavanillesii, R. S., 470.
cissoides, Gr., 473.
coccinea, L., 472.
cyananiha, Gr., 469.
cymosa, Lindl., 469.
cymosa, Mey., 468.
demerariana, Chois., 471.
digitata, L., 469.
dissecta, Pursh, 467.
eustachiana, Jacq., 470.
fastigiata, Swt., 468.
Ji/i/ormis , Jacq., 472.
glabra, Chois., 468.
glandnlifera, Macf., 473.
hederacea, Jacq., 473.
hederifolia, L., 472.
Jalapa, Pursh, 469.
jamaicensis , Don, 473.
longipcs, Ok., 468.
tongijlora, It. Br., 467.
luteola, Jacq., 472.
macrorrhiea, R. S., 471.
maritime, It. Br., 471.
mariinicensis, Mey., 471.
lnauritiana, Jacq., 469.
jnollicoma, Miq., 470.
muricata, Jacq., 466.
mutabilis, Lindl., 473.
Nil, ltth., 473.
ovalifolia, Chois., 474.
palmata, Kolsch., 470.
pandurata, Mey , 468.
paniculata, It. Br., 469.
parviflora, V., 470.
pent adacty 1 is, Chois. ,470.

Ipomma

penlaphyl/a, Jacq., 467.
peutaphylla, Cav., 470.
pcs caprffi, Sto., 470.
platauifolia, R. S., 468.
pterodes, Chois., 467.
pulchella, Rth., 470.
purpurea, Lam., 473.
Quamoclit, L., 472.
qtdnquefolia, Gr., 468.
radicans, Bert., 470.
repanda, Jacq., 472.
sauguinea, V., 472.
sericantha, Gr., 471.
sericea, Spr., 471.
setosa, Lindl., 469.
sidifolia , Chois., 468.
siuuata, Ort., 467-
stenocalyx, Gk., 468.
tamnifolia, L., 474.
ternata, Jacq., 471.
triloba, L., 470.
tuba, Don, 467-
tuberosa, L., 467-
tuherosa, Mey., 469.
mnbellata, Mey., 470.
urbica, Chois., 471.
variabilis, Chois., 469.
ventricosa, Chois., 467-
viliosa , R. P., 473.
violacea, L., 469.
Iresinastrum, Moq., sect. Ire-
sines, 64.

Iresine

aggregata, Moq., 65.
angustilblia, Euphr., 65.
aurata, Dietr., 65.
celosioides, L., 64.
diffusa, Humb., 64.
elatior, Rich., 64.
elatior, Sieb., 65.
eriophylla, Moq., 64.
linearis, Moq., 66.
luzuliflora, Gr., 65.
polymorpha, Marl., 64.
vermieulata, Moq., 65.
IlUDEiE, 589.]

Iroucana, Aubl., sect. Casca-
riffi, 23.

Isachue

arundinacea, Gr., 553.
dubia, Kth., 553.
panicea, 'l'r., 553.
pygmcea, Gr., 553.
rigens , l'r., 553.
Ischtemopogon
arcuatus, Gr., 560.
lalifolius, Gr., 560.

lschfenium

hispidum, var., Ktli., 556.
latilolium, Kth., 560.
Ischuosiphou

Arouma, Korn., 605.
Parked, Korn., 604.
Ischyrantbera

lsevigata. Stead., 263.
Isertia

coccinea, V., 319.
coccinea, Bartl., 320.
commutata, Miq., 320.
Hcenkeana, DC., 320.
gareijlora, V., 320.
Isidores, Rich., 324.

Isuardia

microcarpa , Poir , 271 -
palustris, L., 271.
repens, DC., 27 1 -
Isoearpha

anguslata, Gr., 376.
atriplicifolia, R. Br.,

377.

Billbergiana, Less., 377-
divaricata, Beuth., 376.
ecliioides, Less., 376.
oppositifolia, R. Br.,
376.

Isochilus

graminoides, Hook.,
625.

fusiformis, Lindl., 623.
globosus, Lindl., 619.
linearis , R. Br., 623.
proliferus, R. Br., 623.
teretifolius, Lindl., 619.
triander, Brad/., 613.
Isocolumnea, Oerst., sect. Co
lumnsese, 463.

Isolepis

capillaris, R. S., 572.
juuciformis, Kth., 572.
obtusifolia, P. B., 572.
subsquarrosa, Schr., 572.
Isoloma

hirsutum, lteg., 459.
Isoloma

longijlora, Prl., 588.
Ixora

iilterni folia, Jacq., 443.
Bandhuca, Roxb., 337.
ferrea, Bentli., 338.
multiflora, Sw., 335.
Pavelia, ltoxb., 338.
tewuijlora, ltoxb., 338.

Jacaranda

bahamensis. It. Br., 446.

746

INDEX.

Jacaranda

bahatnensis, DO., 446.
coerulea, Gr., 446.
Sagrceana, DC., 446.
Jacquemontia

micrantha, Don, 474.
tamnifolia , Gr., 474.
violacea, Chois., 474.
Jacqninia

aristata, Jacq., 397.
arborea, DC., 397.
armillaris, L., 397.
aurantiaca. Ait., 397.
caracasana, Kth., 397.
macrocarpa, Cav., 397-
revoluta, Jacq., 397-
uuibellata, DC., 397-
visoosa, Sio., 335.

J ambosa

malaccensis, DC., 235.
purpurascens, DO., 235.
vulgaris, DC., 235.
Janipha

Manilwt, Kth., 37-
Jasmine*, 406.

Jasmimim
gracile, Audi-., 406.
officinale, L., 406.

J atropha

Curcas, L., 36, corr.
divaricata, S\v., 36.
elegans, Kl., 36.
glandulifera, Roxb., 36.
gossgpifolia, L., 36.
hastata, Jacq., 36.
hernandifolia, Vent., 36.
Manihot, L., 37.
multifida, L ., 36.
napteifolia, Desc., 37.
Jucunda

tomentosa, Benth ., 252.
Juglande*, 176.

J Liglans

baccata, L., 177.
cinerea, L., 177-
Junce*, 581.

Juucellus, Gr., sect. Cyperi,
562.

Juncus

cognatus, Kth., 581.
parviflorus, Poir., 581.
tenuis, W., 581.

Juniperus

burbadensis, L., 503.
bermudiana, Lun., 503.
virgiwiana, L., 503.
Jussitea

acuminata, Sw., 27

Jussitea

affinis, DC., 272.
anguslifolia, Latn., 273.
dccurrens, DC., 272:
erecta, Lam., 272.
ereeta, L., 273.
erecta, Sw., 273.
hirta, V., 273.
ligustrifolia, Kth., 273.
linifolia, V., 272.
longifolia, DC., 273.
macrocarpa, Kth., 273.
nubica, Hochst., 272.
occidentalis, Nutt., 273.
octofila, DC., 273.
octoneryia, DC., 273.
octonervia, Lam., 273.
octovalvis, Sw., 273.
paiustris, Mey., 272.
peploides, Kth., 272.
peruviana, L., 273.
pilosa, Kth., 272.
pterophora, Miq., 271.
pubescens, L., 272.
ramulosa, DC., 272.
repens, L., 272.
salicifolia, Kill., 273.
scabra, IF., 273.
sedoides, Kth., 272.
suffruticosa, L., 273.
Swartziana, DC., 273.
variabilis , Mey., 271.
villosa, Lam., 273.

Justicia

acicularis, Sw., 457.
Adliatoda, L., 456.
androssemifolia, Sieb.,
458.

armata, Sw., 457-
assurgens, L., 458.
caracasana, Sieb., 456.
carthagenensis, J aeq.,
456.

coccinea, Aubl., 454.
comata, Sw., 456.
cristata, Jacq., 454.
eustacldana, Jacq., 456.
Gendarussa, L., 456.
geniculata, Sims, 455.
humifusa, Sw., 456.
lucida, V., 455.
martinicensis, Jacq., 458.
martinicensis, Sieb., 453.
microphylla, Lam., 457.
nemorosa, Sw., 457.
nervosa, F., 457.
nitida, Jacq., 454.
pectoralis, Jacq., 455.

Justicia

picta, L., 451.
racemulosa, Wiclcslr.,
451.

reptans, Sw., 455.
retusa, V., 456.
scabra, V., 454.
secunda, V., 455.
sessilis, Jacq., 456.
scxangularis, L., 458.
spheerospenna, V., 456.
spinosa, L., 457-
tetragona, F., 454.

Kallstrosmia, Scop., sect. Tri-
buli, 134.

maxima, T. Gr., 134.
Kampmaania, Raf., sect. Zan-
thoxyli, 138.

Karatas, PL, syn. Nidnlarii,
591.

Kegelia

ruderalis, Sch., 369.
Ivetmia, DC., sect. Hibisci,
84.

Kleinia

alata, Meg., 364.
ruderalis, Sw., 379.
Kosteletzkya
pentasperma, Gr., 83.
Krameria
Ixina, L., 31.

Kuhlia

mollis, Pcepp., 22.
Kylliuga

aphglla, ICth., 568.
■brevifolia, Rottb., 568.
cruciformis, Schr., 568.
globosa, P. B., 569.
filifortnis, Sw., 568.
monocephala, Rottb., 568.
odorata, V., 568.
sororia, Kth., 568.
striata, Schr., 568.
triceps, Rottb., 568.
vaginata, Lam., 569.

Labatia

sessili/lora, Sw., 402.

La lii AT.E, 486.

Lablab

lcucocarpus, Sac., 196.
perennans, DC., 196.
vulgaris, Sav., 196.
Laceraria, Naud., sect.Tctra-
zygitc, 255.

Lacistema

mgricoides, Sw., 25.

INDEX.

747

Lactsteme.e, 25.

Lactuca

jamaicensis, Gr., 384.
indica, L., 384.
intybacea, Jacq., 384.

Lrclia

superbiens , Lindl., 620;
Lasliopsis

domingensis, Lindl.,

621.

Lrctia

Guidonia, Sio., 22.
longifolia, Rich., 62.
Thamnia, Sw., 20.
Lagenaria

vulgaris, Ser., 288.
Lagenocarpus

tremulv.s, Ns., 580.
Lagcrstroeraia
indica, L., 271-
regitue, Roxb., 271-
lagctta

iinlearia, Lam., 279.
Laguncularia

racemosa, G., 276.
Lampsana

communis, L., 384.
Laudersia

pervaga, Mac/., 289.
Langsdorfiia, Leandr., sect.

Zanthoxyli, 138.
Lantana

aculeata, L., 495.
annua, L., 496.

Camara , L., 495.
crocea, Jacq., 496.
involucrata, L., 496.
involucrata, Sw., 496.
lilacina, Desf '., 496.
lippioides, II. A., 495.
Lockhartii, Don, 495.
odorata, L., 496.
peduncularis, And., 496.
Radula, Sw., 496.
recta, Ait., 496.
reticulata, Pers., 496.
stricla , Sw., 496.
trifolia, L., 496.

Laplacea

hcematoxylon, Camb.,
104.

villosa, Gr. 104.

Lappago

mliena, Spr., 557.
racemosa, Sehrcb., 557.
racemosa, var., Klh., 557.
Lasiacis, Gr., sect. Panici,
■ 551.

Lasiocroton

macroplvyllus, Gr., 46,
corr.

Lasiogyne, IQ., sect. Croto-
nis, 42.

phlomoides, Gr., 42.
Latreillea

peniviana, Poepp., 368.
Laubertia, A. DC., sect.

Echitidis, 415.

Laugeria, V., sect. Steno-
stomi, 334.
coriacea, V., 334.

Incida, Sw., 334.
odorata, Jacq., 333.
resinosa, V., 334.
tomentosa, Sw., 333.
Laurinee, 279.

Laurus

alpigena, Sw., 280.
Borbouia, lib. Bks.,
281.

Borbonia, Sw., 282.
Cassia, L., 279.
Chloroxyloii, L ., 2S5.
Ciuuamoinum, L., 279.
coriacea, Sw., 281.
exaltata, Sieb., 284.
exaltata, Sw., 281.
latifolia, Jib. Bks., 282.
leueoxylou, Sw., 283.
martiuicensis, Jacq., 281.
martinicensis, Sieb., 284.
membranacea, Sw., 282.
montana, Sw., 279.
parvifolia, Bcepp., 280.
patens, Sw., 282.
pendula, Sw., 280.

Persea, Sw., 280.
salieifolia, Sw., 281.
triandra, Sw., 280.
Lavatera

americana, L., 79.
Lavenia

decumbcns, Sw., 350.
Lawsonia
alba, Lam., 271 •
inermis, L., 271.
Lebidibia

coriaria, Sckl., 206.
Lecythis

coriaria, DC., 243.

Leersia

australis, R. Ur., 535.
contracta, Ns., 535.
hexandra, Sw., 535.
mauritanica, Salzm., 535.
mexieana, Kth., 535.

Leersia

monandra, Sw., 535.
Leguminose, 177-
Leianthus

cordifolius, Gr., 424.
exsertus, Gr., 425.
latifolius , Gr., 424.
longifolius, Gr., 424.
umbellatus, Gr., 425.
Leiantliostemon, Gr., sect.
Voyrise, 421.

Leiayenia, Gr., sect. Aycniao,
91.

Leipha'mos, Cham ., Schl., sect.
Vovrice, 425.
parasitica, Cham., Schl .,
425.

Lenina

minor, L., 512.
trisulca, L., 512.
Lentibulaeiejs, 390.
Leocbilus

cochlearis , Lindl., 634.
Leonotis

nepet folia , R. Br., 492.
Leonurus

sibiricus, L., 491.
Lepanthes

cochlearfolia, Sw.,

611.

concinna, Sw., 611.
Loddigesiana, G. Rchb.,
610.

pulchella , Sw., 610.
rotundata, Gr., 610.
sangidnea, Hook., 611.
trideniata , Sw., 610.
tridentata, Lindl., 610,
611.

Lepicystis, J. Sm., sect. Po-
lypodii, 699.
Lepidagathis

alopncur aides, R. Br.,
453.

Lepidium

Iberis, Desc., 14.
sativum , L., 14.
virginicum, L., 14.
Lepidococca

Sieberi, Turcz., 43.
Leptocliloa
arabica, Kth., 537.
brachiata, Stead., 538.
domingensis, Lk., 538.
filiformis, R. S., 537.
gracilis, Ns., 538.
Lindleyana, Kth., 538.
longa, Gr., 538.

3 F

748

INDEX.

Leptochloa

mucronala, ICth., S37.
mutica, Stead., 538.
pellucidula, Steud., 537.
tenerrima, It. S., 537.
virgata, P. B., 538.
Leptocoryphium, Ns., sect.
Milii, 534.
lanatum, Ns., 534.
Leptogramma

gracilis, J. Sm., 696.
Leptonema, Juss., sect. Phyl-
lauthi, 34.

Leptospermoides, DC., sect.

Vernonioe, 352.
Leptostachya
comata, Ns., 456.
Martiaua, Ns., 456.
parviflora, Ns., 456.
Leptostemon, Sendtn., sect.
Solani, 438.

Leria

albicans, DO., 383.
dentata, Spr., 383.
integrifolia, DC., 383.
nutans, DC., 383.
pumila, DC., 383.
siuuata, DC., 383.
tomentosa, Gr., 383.
Lestibudesia, Th., sect. Celo-
site, 62.

Leucsena

glauca, Bentli., 220.
triehodes, Bentli., 223.
Leucas

martinicensis, R. Br.,
491.

Leucomelrena, Gr., sect. Coc-
colobse, 163.

Liabum

Brownei, Cass., 383.
Licania

liypoleuca, Benlh., 230.
leucosepala, Gr., 230.
pynfolia, Gr., 230.
Ligbtlbotia

serrata, Sm., 22.
Liltacea!, 581.

Lima, Gr., sect. Clidemice,
249.

Limnanthemum

Numboldtianum, Gr.,
436.

Liinnobium

Bosci, Rich., 506.
Sinclairii, Bentli., 506.
Spongia, Steud., 506.
stoloniferum , Gr., 506.

Limnocbloa

articulata, PI. Spruce,
571.

constricta, Ns., 171.
mutata, Ns., 571.
plantaginea, Ns., 571.
Liinnonesis, Kl., syu. Pistise,
512.

Limodorum

altum, Jacq., 622.
filiforme, Sw., 623.
funale, Sw., 625.
grandiflorum, AM., 636.
pendulum, A-ubl., 624.
utriculatum, Sic., 628.
Limonium, Boiss., sect. Sta-
tices, 359.

Linaria

vulgaris, Mill., 431.
Liudernia

dianthera, Sw., 430.
Lindsma

clavata, Bernh., 661.
guianensis, Dry., 662.
Klotzschiana, Mor., 662.
microphylla, Siv., 661.
quadrangularis, Radd.,
662.

rufescens, Kz,, 663.
stricta , Dry., 663.
trapeziformis, Dry., 662.
Linociera

compacta, R. Br., 405.
glomerata, Phi., 405.
ligustrina, Sw., 405.
tetrandra, Sieb., 405.
Liparis

biiuberculata, Lindl.,
612.

elata, Lindl., 612.
elliptica, G. Rchb., 612.
jainaicensis, Lindl., 612.
Lippia

betulifolia, Kth., 494.
Cbamissonis, Schau.,
495.

cymosa, Sio., 348.
geminate, Kth., 495.
micromera, Schau., 495.
nodijlora, Rich., 494.
replans, Kth., 495.
stcechadifolia, Kth.,
495.

Lisianthus

acutangulus, Bot. Mag.,
424.

alalus, Aubl., 424.
ainocnus, Mij., 424.

Lisianthus

callosus, Bert., 425.
che/onoides, L., 423.
cordilblius, Sw., 424.
exaltatus, lam., 422.
exsertus, Stu., 425.
fistulosus, Bentli., 424.
frigidus, Sw., 424.
glaber, L., 424.
glaucifolius, Lam., 422.
gracilis, Gr., 424.
latit'olius, Sw., 425.
longifolius, L., 424.
Oerstedii, Gr., 424.
thamnoides , Gr., 424.
trijidus, Kth., 424.
uliginosus, Gr., 424.
Lithaehne, P. B., sect.

Olyne, 536.

Lithophila

muscoides, Sw., 66, corr.
subscaposa, Gr., 66.
Lithospermum

distichum, Pozpp., 488.
Loase/E, 298.

Lobelia

acuminata, Sw., 386.
anceps, Thunb., 385.
assurgens, L., 3S7-
Bei'teriana, Spr., 385.
camporum, Phi., 385.
cirsiifolia, Lam., 387.
Cliffortiana, L., 385.
couglobata, Prl., 387.
domingensis, A. DC.,
385.

Krausii, Grab., 388.
longiilora, Jacq., 388.
persicifolia, Lam., 388.
Plumieri, L., 388.
racemosa, Sims., 387.
robusta, Grab., 387.
sonchi folia, Sw., 387.
suvinamensis, L., 387.
trinitensis, Gr., 385.
xalapensis, Kth., 385.
Lobei-iacejs, 385.
Lockhartia

acuta, G. Rchb., 624.
e/egans, Ilook., 624.
Lomagramme
prcestantissima , Gr., 673.
Lomaria

atlenuata, W., 673. >

divergens, Kz., 673.
Gillicsii, 11. Gr., 673.
lincata, IP., 673.
lougifolia, Kaulf., 674.

INDEX.

740

Lonmrin

magellanica , Desv., f>74.
onoclioides, Spr., 673.
l’luiuierii, Desv., 673.
polypodioides, Desv., 673.
proceed, Desv., 673.
nifa, Spr., 674.

Ryani, Kan//., 674.
sorbit'olia, Kauf., 674.
striata, W., 673.
Lontariopsis

erythrodes, Fee, 674.
ptilcbodes, Fee, 674.
Lnchitis
hirsuta, L., 669.
repens, L., 666.
Lonchocarpus

laiifolius, Kth., 199.
macrophyllus, Wp., 199.
oxycarpus, DC., 199.
pterocarpus, Miq., 200.
sericeus, Kth., 200.
Suartzii, DC., 199.
violaceus, Kth., 200.
Lophosoria
pruinosa, Pr., 703.

Loreya

fascicu 1 iflora, Naud., 245
trinitensis, Cr., 245.
Lobantiiace.e, 311.
Loranthus

americanus, Jacq., 311.
americanus, Sic., 311.
avi.cn/aritis, Mart., 312.
avicularius, Kth., 313.
claviceps, Gr., 311.
emarginatus, Sw., 312.
Jacquinii, DC., 311.
immcrsus, Benth., 313.
lepidobotrgs. Or., 311.
niarginatus, Kth., 312.
montanus, Macf., 312.
occidenlalis, L., 313.
orinocensis, Gr., 311.
panieulatus, Kth., 312.
parviflorus, Lam.., 312.
parvifolius, Sw., 312.
paucijlorus, Sw., 312.
Plumierii, Cham., Schl.,
311.

polyrhizus, Mart., 312.
spicatus, Kb. Bks., 313.
spicatus, Jacq., 313.
uniflorus, Jacq., 312.
viscifolius, Kth., 314.
Lourca

vesperli/ionis, Desv.,
185.

Luciima

mammosa, Gr., 402.
multiflora, A. DC., 402.
paudflora , A. DC., 402.
Lucya

luberosa, DC., 331.

Ludwigia

xnicrocarpa, Mich., 271.
natans. Ell., 271.
repens, Sw., 271.

Luflu

acutangula. Hook., 288.
Lunania

racemosa, Hook., 20,
corr.

I/uziola

peruviana, Juss., 535.
Lycaste

Barringlonia, Lindl.

627.

ciliata, Lindl., 627.

Lychnostemon, Gr., sect.

Dioscoreae, 588.
Lycopersicum

cerasiforme, Dun., 436.
esculent tun, Mill., 436.
Humboldtii, Dun., 436.
Lycopobiaceas, 645.
Lycopodium

acerosum, Sw., 647.
aqualupianum, Sprg.,

647.

aristatum, Kth., 647-
carolinianum, L., 646.
c/avatum, L., 646.
cernuum, L., 647.
complanatum, L., 646.
curvatum, Sic., 647-
denudalum, K. G., 645.
denudatum, W., 645.
dichotomum, Jacq., 647.
flabellatum, L., 646.
Gayanum, CL, 646.
hispidum, IF., 645.

Jussiici, Desv., 646.
linifolium, L., 647 •
mandiocanuin, Radd.,

647.

myrsinites, Lam., 647-
nitens, Cham., Schl.,

647.

nudum, L., 648.
nummularifolium, BL,

647.

ornithopodioidcs, L., 645.
ornilhopodioides, Sw., 645.
passcrinoidcs, Kth., 647.
patulum, Sw., 645.

Lycopodium

Phlagmaria, L., 647.
polymorphum, Kth.,

651.

rejlexum, Lam., 647 .
reflexum, Lechl., 647.
rcpens, Sw., 646.
rigidum, Sw., 647.
scariosnm, I'orst., 646.
serpens, IF., 645.
Sieberiautim, Sprg., 647-
squarrosum, Sw., 647-
stoloniferum, Sw., 646.
taxifolium, L., 647-
tetragonum, II. G., 647.
thyoides, Ktli., 646.
trichiatum, Bor., 647 •
verticillatum , L., 647 •
Lygistum

axillare, Sio., 329.
spicatum, Lam., 322.
Lygodium

scandens, Schlc., 651.
venustum, Sw., 651.
volubile, Sw., 651.

Lyonia

jamaicensis, Don, 142.
maritime, Ell., 418.
octandra, Gr., 142.
Lysiloma

bahamensis, Benth.,

221.

Marchiana, Gr., 223.
Lythrarie.®, 269.

Lythrum

ciliatum, Sw., 270.
Cuphea, K., 269.
Melanium, L., 269.
Parsonsia, L., 269.
petiolatum, L., 269.

Maba

inconstans, Gr., 404.
Mabca

occidentalis, Benth., 43.
Piriri, Aubl., 43.
Taquari, Aubl., 43.
Macfadyena

corymbosa, Gr., 449.
uncinata, V., 449.
Machcerina

rectioides, V., 573.
Machicriutn

alliuc, Benth., 201.
angustifolium, Voy.,
201.

robinifolium , Voy., 201.
Sicberi, Benth., 201.

750

INDEX.

Mnchaonia

acuminata , Bonpl., 348.
cymosa, Gr., 348.
microphylla, Gr., 349.
rotundata , Gr., 348.
Madura

subintegerrima, Miq., 153.
tinctoria, Don, 153.
Xanthoxylon , Endl., 153.
Macradenia

lutescens , R. Br., 635.
Macrandra, Gr., sect. Nec-
. tandrse, 282.
Maereightia

caribcea , A. DC., 404.
inconstans, A. DC., 404.
Macrochordium
melanantlium , Bur., 593.
Macrocuemum

coccineum, V., 325.
jamaicense, L., 320.
Macrolomia

braqteata, Ns., 579.
Macroscepis

obovala, Kth., 421.
Magnolia

Plumieri, Sw., 3.
Magnoliace.-e, 3.

Malachra

alceifolia, Jacq., 80.
capitata, L., 80.
ciliata, Poir., 81.
pahnata, Mch., 81.
radiata , L., 81.
rotundifolia, Schrlc., 80.
triloba, Besf., 81.
trinervis, Prl., 82.
mens , Poit., 81 .

Malanea

bifurcata, Besr., 333.
macrophylla, Bartl., 337.
nitida, Lam., 334.
sarmenlosa, Aubl. , 337.
Malaxis

spicata, Sw., 612.
umbellulata, Sw., 612.
Mallotonia, Gr., sect. Tour-
nefortiu), 483.

Malouetia

rctrojlexa, J. Miill., 412.
Malpighia

altissiraa, Jacq., 115.
anyuslifolia, L., 1 17-
biflora, Poir., 116.
coccigera,, L., 117.
coriacca, Sw., 114.
c'ubensis, Kth., 117-
clcgans, Mcy., 1 1 6.

Malpighia

elliptica, Prl., 117.
fucaia, Ker., 117.
glabra, L., 116.]
glandulosa, Cav., 115.
guadelupensis, Spr., 115.
lanceolata, Gr., 117.
lucida, Mill., 115.
martiniceusis, Jacq., 117.
media, Ait., 115.
mitis, Rchb., 108.
nitida, Cav., 116.
nitida, Mill., 116.
nitida, Sw., 115.
oxycocca, Gr., 117.
paniculata. Mill., 120.
platyphylla, Sw., 116.
polystachya, Andr., 116.
polytricha, Juss., 117.
punicifotia, L., 116.
setosa, Spr., 117.
spicata, Cav., 115.
undulata, Juss., 116.
uni flora, Tuss., 116.
urens, L., 116.
urens, Macf., 117.

Malpighiace-e, 114.

Malva

abutiloides, L., 72.
americana, L., 72.
aniericana, Rich., 72.
caroliniana, L., 72.
corornandelina, Sw., 72.
domingensis, Spr., 72.
eriocarpa, BC., 72.
polystachya, Cav., 72.
prostrata, Cav., 72.
spicata, L., 72.
tricuspidala, Ait., 72.

Malvaceae, 71.

Malvastrum
spicatum, Gr., 72.
tricuspidatum, As. Gr.,

72.

Malvaviscus
arboreus, Cav., 83.
mollis, DC., 83.
pilosus, BC., 85.
pilosus, Macf., 85.
S.agrteanus, Rich., 83.

Malvinda, Med., sect. Sidro,

73.

Mamillaria
simplex, Ilaw., 300.

Mammon

americana, L., 108, oorr.
humilis, V., 108, corr.
lateriflora, Gr., 108.

Manabea

arborcscens, Aubl., 499.
laevis, Aubl., 500.
Manettia

calycosa, Gr., 330.
coccinea, V., 329.
cuspidata, Bert., 330.
Gmrlneri, DC., 330.
havauensis, Kth., 330.
Lygistum, Sw., 329.
Mangifera

indica, L., 176.

Manglilla, Jacq., sect. Myr*
sines, 392.

Manicaria

Plulceneiii, Gr. W., 518.
saccifera. Mart., 519.
Manihot
Aipi, Phi., 37.
utilissima, Phi., 37.
Mauisuris

granularis, Sw., 557.
Mapouria, Benlh., sect. Psy-
chotrise, 340.

Mapouriopsis, Gr., sect. Psy-
chotrise, 342.

Mappia

aflinis, Mrs., 310.
racemosa, Jacq., 310.
Maranta

Allouya, Jacq., 604.
augustifolia, Sims, 605.
Arouma, Jacq., 605.
arundinacea, L., 605.
Cachibou, Jacq., 604.
Casnpito, Jacq., 604.
Casupo, Jacq., 604.
comosa, L., 604.
gibba, Sm., 605.
indica, Tuss., 605.
juncka, Lam., 605.
lachuocaula, Miq., 604.
lutea, Lain., 604.
petjolata, Rudg., 605.
Tonchat, Aubl., 605.

Marat lia

alala, Sw., 649.
lmvis, Sm., 649.
Marcgraavia

coriacea, V., 110.
dnbia, Kth., 110.
picta, W., 110.
spiciflora, Rich., 110.
Iriuitat is, Prl., 110.
umbellala, L., 1 10.
MAKCGIiAAVIACfc.K, 109.
March ia

longi/lora, Mrs., 433.

INDEX.

751

Marialvrea

amazouica, Pccpp., 106.
Marica

plicata, Curt., 589.

Marila

gran diflora, Gr., Ill,
corr.

racemosa , S\v., 111.
Mariscus, V., sect. Cyperi,
566.

aggregates, Sieb., 568.
aphyllus, V., 569.
capillaris, V., 568.
coriaceus, Me//., 567.
elatus, V., 568.
filiformis, Spr., 568.
flavens, V., 568.
Meyenianus, Ns., 567.
Mutisii, Kill., 567.
Pccppigianus, Klh., 567.
Marlieria

elliptica, Gr., 233.
Marsdenia

affiais, Rich., 422.
clausa, R. Br., 422.
maculala, Hook., 422.
Marsilea

brasiliensis, Mart., 643.
pohjcarpa, II. Gr., 643.
quadrifolia, L., 645.
Marsypianthes

hyptoides, Mart., 487.
Martinezia

corallina, Mart., 521.
Martiusia

physaloides, Sch., 192.
Martynia

diandra, Glox., 465.
Mascagnia

ovatifolia, Gr., 121.
Simsiana, Gr., 121.
Masdcvalia

fenestrata, Lindl., 612.
Mastigoscleria
reflexa, Ns., 578.
Matricaria

Parlhcnium, L., 380.
prostrata, Sw., 380.
Matthiola

scabra, L., 332.

Mauritia

flexuosa, var., Mart.,
515.

setiyera, Gr. W., 515.
vinif'era, Mayo., 515.
Maxillaria

atbx, Lindl., 626.
Barringtouiic, Lindl., 627.

Maxillaria

crassifolia, G. Rchb.,
626.

decolor, Lindl., 627 •
in/le.ra, Gr., 626.
palmifolia, Lindl., 627 •
palli'diflora, Hook., 627 •
rufescens, Lindl., 626.

Maxi miliana

caribaa, Gr. W., 522.
regia , Mart., 523.

Mayaca

Aubletii, Sch., 526.
jluviatilis, Aubl., 526.
Maytenus

gonocladus, Gr., 145.
tetrayonus, Gr., corr.
Megaloporus, Sendln., sect.
Solani, 437.

Melampodium
australe, L., 369.
humiie, Sw., 369.
ruderale, Sw., 369.
Melantkera

deltoidea, Ricb., 372.
Ljnnsei, Kth., 372.
Melastoma

Acinodendron, L., 252.
acuminatum, Sieb., 253.
acuminatum, V., 255.
adpressum, Prl., 255.
adscendens, Sw., 255.
albicans, Sw., 256.
alpinum, Sw., 264.
amygdaliuum, Nesr., 261.
angustifoliuin, Sw., 258.
arborescens, Sieb., 253.
argenteum, Sw., 252.
capillare, Sw., 249.
ciliatuin, Lam., 266, 267.
coccineum, Rich., 264.
cordato-ovale, Bonpl.,
258.

crenatum, Meg., 247 •
discolor, L., 255.
Dodandianum, Ham.,
264.

cliuagnoidcs, Sieb., 255.
eteagnoides, Sw., 255.
elaturn, Sw., 252.
fasciculare, Sw., 246.
fulvum, .Bonpl., 259.
furfuraceum, V., 258.
glaberrimum, Sch/., 262.
glabratum, Sw., 245.
glandulosum, Sw., 251.
glaucocarpum, Sch/., 262.
. hicsutum, Sw., 248.

Melastoma
hirtellnra, Sw., 249.
hirtum, L., 247 •
hispidum, Sw., 251.
holosericeum, L., 256.
ibaguense, Bonpl., 250.
impetiolare, Sw., 256.
laevigatum, Aubl., 257.
lateriflorum, V., 246.
latifolium, Dcsc., 247 •
longifolium, Aubl., 260.
martinicense, Prl., 264.
micrantbum, Sw., 261.
micropliyllum, Sw., 248.
montanum, Sw., 254.
ornatum, L., 266.
patens, Sw., 251.
paucitlorum, Besr., 247 .
pendulifolium, Bonpl.,

257.

pendulum, Salzm., 257-
pilosum, Sw., 248.
pleurocarpum, E. Meg.,
250.

prasinum, Sw., 25 7 -
procernm, Sw., 253.
purpurascens, Sw., 261.
pyramidale, Bonpl., 257.
quadrangulare, Sio., 260 .
qui,nqueuervium, Salzm.,

257.

racemosum, Aubl., 258.
ramiflorum, Sw., 246.
rigidum, Sw., 260.
rubens, Sw., 262.
rubrum, Aubl., 248.
scandens, Aubl., 265.
sessilifolium, L., 252.
spleudens, Sieb., 264.
splendens, Sw., 256.
strigillosum, Sw., 247.
Tamonea, Sw., 251.
tetrandrum, Sw., 262.
thesezans, Bonpl., 262.
tomentosum, Bonpl., 252.
trinerve, Sw., 257.
trinervium, Salzm.,
257.

trivalve, Aubl., 269.
umbrosum, Sw., 247.
virgatum, Sw., 261.
Mici.astomace/E, 243.
Mclia.

sempervirens, Sw., 128.
Mei.iacea:, 128.

Melicocca

bijnga, L., 127.
paniculata, Juss., 127.

752

INDEX.

Mclocactus
communis, DC., 300.

Meloehia
crenata, V., 93.
depressa, L., 94.
frutescens, Jacq., 93.
hirsuta, Oav., 94.
hirsuta, Rich., 94.
jamaicensis, Bert., 94.
inflata, Benth., 94.
Itipulina, Sw., 94.
nodiflora, Sw., 94.
odorata, L., 94.
serrata , Benth., 93.
pyramidala, L., 93.
tomentosa, L., 93.
venosa, Sw., 94.
vestita, Benth., 94.

Melongena, Ns., sect. So-
lani, 442.

Melothria
pendula, Sw., 289.
pervaga, Gr., 289.

Meniscium

angust folium, W., 687.
Kapplerianunt, Fee, 687.
reticulatum, Sw., 687.
serratum, Cav., 687-
sorbi folium, Eat., 687.
sorbifoli urn, W., 687.

Menisperme/E, 9.

Mentzelia

aspera , L., 298.

Menyantlies

indica, Ait., 426.

Menziesia

triflora, Bert., 142.

Meriania

bifrons, Naud., 264.
bultifera, Gr., 265.
leucanlha, Sw., 264, 265.
nana, Naud., 265.
purpurea, Sw., 264, 265.
purpurea, Fuss., 265.
rosea. Tubs., 264.
rosea, Mac/., 265.

Mcrtcnsin, IK, sect. Ccltis,
149.

aculeata, TF., 149.
Bancroflii, Kz., 651.
bifida, W., 652.
dicholoma, W., 652.
farinosa, Kaulf., 652.
furcala, W., 651.
furcata, Sieb., 652.
glauca, var., Sw., 651.
glauccscens, IV., 652.
ltovigata, Kth., 149.

Mertensia

longipinnata, Kl., 652.
pectinata, W., 652.
pubescens, Liehm., 652.
pubescens, W., 652.
Mcsecbites

trifida, J. Mail,, 413.
Messerschmidtia, Kth., sect.

Tournefortico, 484.
Metastelma
albiflorum, Gr., 417.
cubense, Decs., 417.
liuearifolium, Rich., 418.
Paralias, Decs., 417.
parviflorum, R. Br.,
417.

Schtechtendalii, Decs.,
417.

suberosum, Gr., 417.
Mettenia
globosa, Gr., 43.

Meyera

sessilis, Sw., 369.

Miconia

aflfinis, Macf., 257 •
angustifolia, Gr., 258.
argentea, DC., 252.
argyrophylta, DC., 256.
astrolasia, DC., 259.
attenuata, DC., 257.
berbiceana, Naud., 250.
brunnea, DC., 252.
calophylla, Cr., 258.
ceanothina, DC., 257.
ciliata, DC., 258.
circumsecla, Macf., 258.
clidemioides, Steud., 280.
collina, DC., 257.
cornifolia, Naud., 255.
Cruegeriana, Naud.,
259.

depauperata, Gardn.,
257.

detergibilis, DC., 256.
discolor, Macf, 259.
elata, DC., 252.
elliptica, Macf., 256.
eriopoda, Benth., 250.
eriopoda, Miq., 250.
ferruginea, DC., 259.
Eockentm, Miq., 251.
Eothergilla, Naud.., 252.
fulva, Cr.' 259.
fulvn, DC., 259.
furfuracea, Gr., 257-
glnndulosa, Naud., 251.
lmvanensis, DC., 257.
Iicxnptcra, Naud,, 257.

Miconia

holosericea, DC., 256
holosericea, Steud., 256.
impeliolaris, Don, 256.
lacera, Naud., 258.
Icevigata, DC., 257.
Lambertiana, DC., 260.
longifolia, DC., 260.
longifolia, Naud., 259,
260.

macrophyila, Macf., 256.
macrophylla, Steud., 257.
melanodendron, Naud.,
257.

microbotrya, Naud., 262.
microcarpa, Macf., 257.
milleflora, Naud., 262.
mucronata, Naud., 252.
muUispicalu , Naud., 257.
myrianiha, Benth., 257.
nicotiauifolia, DC., 257.
obovalis, Naud., 256.
ossseiformis, Naud., 261.
palustris, Macf., 257.
parviflora, Macf, 257.
penduliiolia, DC., 257.
pleurocarpa, Naud., 250.
Plukenetii, Naud., 252.
prasina, DC., 257.
procera, DC., 257.
punctata, Don, 259.
pyramidalis, DO., 257.
quadrangularis, Naud.,
260.

racemosa, DC., 258.
Rivajrioe, Naud., 262.
rubens, Naud,, 262.
rubiginosa, DC., 259.
rufescens, Macf, 256.
semicrenata, Naud,, 255.
serrOlata, Macf., 258.
serrulata, Naud., 252.
Sieberi, DC., 262.
spicata, Macf., 257.
sptendens, Gr., 256.
spondylantha, DC., 251.
tomentosa, DC., 252.
tetrandra, Naud., 262.
tetrastoma, Naud,, 262.
trichotoma, DC., 257.
t river vis, Gr., 257-
trinitntis, Naud,, 262.
tristis, Spring, 257.
vcrticillata, Macf, 258.
vurticilliflora, Steud.,
252.

villosissimn, Cr., 258.
vulcanica, Naud., 262.

TNDEX.

753

Miconiastrum

Lambertian urn, Naud.,

25-1.

Micrauthella, Naud., sect.
Arthrostemmatis, 267.
lanceolata, Naud., 268.
lougit'olia, Naud., 268.
Microcoecia, J. Hook., 369.
Microgonium

Berteroanum, Prl., 657.
Microlepia, Prl., sect. Daval-
lice, 661.

antillarum, Mett., 661.
Microlicia

brevifolia, DC., 269.
recurva, DC., 269.
Mieromeria

Broumei, Benth., 489.
obovata, Benth., 489.
Micropholis, Gr., sect. Sapo-
tm, 399.

Microporus, Sendtn., sect.

Solani, 438.

Micropyxis

pumila, Dub., 390.
tenella, Wight, 390.
Microstachvs

corniculata, Juss., 49.
guianeusis, KL., 49.
Microstylis

spicala, Litidl., 612.
umbellulata, Liudl., 612.
Microtea

debilis, Sw., 59, corr.
Mikania

alata, DC., 364.
atr i plicifol i a, Sch., 364.
Badieri, DC., 363.
Berteriana, Spr., 362.
deltoidea, P pp., 361.
Pockeana, Miq., 363.
gonoclada , DC., 364.
Guaco, Bonpl., 364.
Guaco, Duse., 364.
has tala, W., 361.
Houstonis, \V., 363.
Imragana, Gr., 363.
latifotia, Sm., 362.
orinocensis , Kth., 364.
ovalis, Gr., 363.
rotunda, Gr., 364.
scabra, DC., 363.
scandens, Spruce, 364.
scandens, W., 364.
serratifolia, Sieb., 364.
Sicberiana, DC., 364.
suaveolens, Kth., 364.
surinamensis, Miq., 364.

Mikania

Swarlsiana, Gr., 363.
trinitaria, DC., 363.
umbellifera, Gardn., 364.
volubilis, Pcepp-, 363.
Miliaria, Tr., sect. Pauici,
552.

Milium

compressum, Sw., 541.
digitatum, Sw., 544.
lauatum, B. S., 534.
paniceum, Sw., 544.
pnnetatum, L., 544.
Mimosa

alba, Sw., 228.
arborea, Sw., 227 •
asperaia, L., 219.
bahamensis , Benth., 219.
biglobosa, Jacq., 216.
caracasana Jacq., 224.
casta, L., 218.

Catechu, L., 220.
ehiliantha, Meg., 217.
Ceratouia, L., 219.
comosa, Sw., 225.
coruscans, Sieb., 227.
cyclocarpa, Jacq., 226.
d'omiuiciana, Desv., 219.
fagifolia, Jacq., 227.
Parnesiana, L., 222.
tilicit'olia, Lam., 227.
glauca, L., 220.
irritabOis, Prl., 219.
Inga, L., 228.
juliflura, Sw., 217.
latilblia, L., 225.
laurina, Sw., 227-
muricata, L., 220.
nigricans, V., 220.
parvifolia, Sw., 222.
peregriua, L., 217.
piliflora, Sw., 217.
plena, L., 218.
polgdactyla, Ilu mb.

219.

polystachya, Jacq., 217-
portoriccusis, Jacq., 224.
pudica, L., 219.
purpurea, L., 224.
salinarum, V., 222.
Saman, Jacq., 225.
scandens, L., 217.
sepiaria, Benth., 219.
tamarindifolia, L., 221.
tergemina, L., 225.
thyrsoidea, Gr., 219.
tortuosa, L., 222.
trapezifolia, V., 226.

Minosa

unguis-cati, L., 226.
villosa, Sw., 221.
viva, L., 218.

Mimusops

Balata, Cr., 400.

Balata, G., 400.
bidentata, A. DC., 400.
dissecta, 11 • Br., 400.
dissecta, Hook., 400.
gtobosa, G., 400.

Hookeri, A. DC., 400.
Kauki, L ., 400.

Manilkara, Don, 400.
Sieberi, A. DC., 400.

Mina, Llav., sect. Ipomceie,
472.

Mirabilis

dichotoraa, L., 69.

Jalappa, L., 69.
Mitracarpum

hirtum, DC., 349.
villosum, Cham., Schl.,
350.

Mitreola

paniculata, A. DC., 331.
petiolata, T. G., 331.
petiolata, Benth., 331.
Mitrospora, Ns., sect, llhyn-
chosporse, 575.
polyphylla, Ns., 575.
Modiola

caroliniana, G. Don, 7 2.
Mogiphanes

Jacquini, Schr., 64.
multicaulis, Mart., 64.
straminea. Mart., 64.
Molina

scoparia, Less., 266.
Mollinedia

laurina, Tul., 9.

Mollugo

bellidifolia, Ser., 56.
nudicaulis, Lam., 56.
verlicil/ala, S., 56.
Momordica
muricata, IP ., 287 •
Balsamina, L., 287 •
Gliaranlia, L., 287-
macropoda, P. E., 2S6.
operculata, L., 287.
douachantlms
viridis, Litidl., 631.
donanthemum
Cruegerii, Gr., 354.
tfONlMlE.15, 9.
donnieria

Brovvnci, Pers., 430.

754

INDEX.

Monodora
Myristica , Dun., 7.
Monograrama
graminoidcs, Desv., 672.
Monstera

Adansonii, Sc/i., 509.
Imrayaua, Sch., 509.
pertusa, Gr., 509.
Montrichardia

aculeata, Cr., 510.
arborescens, Sch., 510.
Moquilea, Aubl., sect. Lica-
nite, 230.

Mora

excelsa, Benth., 216.
Morffia

plicata, Sw., 589.

Morinda

cilrifolia, L., 347.
macrophylla, Desf, 347.
muscosa, Jacq., 347.
Royoc, L., 347.

Moringa

pterygosperma, G., 16.
Morisonia

americana, L., 19.

Imrayi, Gr., 19.
Moronobea

coccinea, Aubl., 107,
corr.

globulifera, Schl., 107.
Morus

tinctoria, L., 153.
Xanthoxylon, Jacq.,

123.

Moschoxylum

odoratum, Juss., 130.
Swartzii, Juss., 130.
Mougeotia, Kth., sect. Melo-
chiEe, 94.
inflata, Kth., 94.
uodillora, Kth., 94.
Mouriria

doming crisis, Wp., 243.
myrtilloides, Poir., 243.
guianensis, Aubl., 243.
Mouistcnda

lormosa, Jacq., 318.
spinosa, Jacq., 318.
Moutouchia

suberosa, Aubl., 201.
Mucuna

aliissima, DO., 198.
comosa, DC., 198.
pruriens, DC., 198.

■urens, DC., 198.

Muellera

moniliformis, L.,200.

Muntingia

Calabura, L., 98.

Murraya

exotica, L., 132.
Murucuja, T., sect. Passiflo-
rce, 294.

ocellata, Pers., 296.

Musa

paradisiaca, L., 599.
sapientum, L., 599.
Musace^e, 599.

Myanthus

cernuus, Lindl., 631.
Mygiuda

latifolia, Sw., 146.
pallens, Sm., 146.
Rhacoma, Sw., 146.
uragoga, Rich., 146.
uragoga, Puss., 146.
MYOPOEINEiE, 502.

Myrcia

acris, DC., 241.

Balbisiana, DC., 240.
Berberis, DC., 235.
coriacea, DC., 234.
cotinifolia, Poir., 234.
deflexa, DC., 235.
divaricata, DC., 234.
fermyinea, DC., 235.
Humboldtiana, DC., 235.
Kegeliana, Bg., 235.
multiflora, DC., 234.
pimeutoides, DC., 241.
punctata, DC., 240.
sororia, DC., 234.
splendens, DO., 234.
Myrciaria, Bg., sect. Euge-
nios, 239.

fioribunda, Bg., 239.
protracta, Bg., 239.
ramiflora, Bg., 239.
Myriadenus, Desv., syu. Zor-
nite, 185.

Myrica

microcarpa, Benth., 1 77.
segregate, Jacq., 406.

• xalapeusis, Pusjip., 177-
Myristica
fatua, Su>., 8.
frugrans, Houtt, 8.
moschata, Thanh., 8.
surinamensis, ltob., 8.
Myjbisticm, 8.

Myrodia

turhinata, Sw., 88.
Myrosma, L., scut. Calathcic,
604.

canncefoliuin, L., 604.

Myrospermum
emarginatum, Kl., 204.
frutescens, Jacq., 204.
Myrsinc

ardisioidcs, Kth., 395.
Berterii, DC., 392.
coriacea, R. Br., 392.
coriacea, Rich., 392.
cubana, DC., 393.
flocculosa, Mart., 392.
Jloribunda, R. Br., 393.
Jloridana, DC., 392.

Iceta, A. DC., 392.
myricoides, Schl., 392.
Rapanea, R. S., 395.
Rapanea, Sieb., add.
rufescens, A. DC., 392.
salici folia, DC., 392.
trinitatis, DC., 392.
Myrsine/E, 392.
Myrtace/E, 232.

Myrtus

acris, Sw., 241.
asruginea, Fors., 237.
alpina, Sw., 236.
axillaris, Poir., 236.
buxifolia, Sw., 236.
calophylla, Kth., 241.
Chytraculia, L., 232.
crenulata, Sw., 236.
cordata, Sw., 237.
coriacea, Sw., 234.
dioeea, Sieb., 237.
disticha, Sw., 237.
fragrans, Sw., 240.

Gregii, Sw., 238.
ligustriua, Sw., 239.
mouticola, Sw., 236.
pallens, V., 237-
Pimenta, L., 240.
polyanthos, Kth., 235.
proccra, Sw., 238.
sessiliflora, Spr., 237.
splendens, Sw., 234.
Syzygium, L., 233.
virgultosa, Sw., 237-
Mvxa, JEndl., sect. Cordia2,
47S.

Nacibea

coccinea, Aubl., 329.

Najas

major, All., 507-
NajadE/E, 506.

Naraa

jamaicensis, L., 477.
Nanodes

discolor, Lindl., 624.

INDEX.

755

Nasturtium

officinale, R. Br., 13.
Naudinia

argyrophylla, Rich., 254.
cluysophylla, Rich., 254.
Nectandra

conciuna, 281.
coriacea, Gr., 281.
discolor, Ns., 282.
exalt at a, Gr., 281.
leucantha, Ns., 282.
membranacea, Gr., 282.
mollis, Ns., 282.
pallida, Miq., 282.
j>atens, Gr., 281.
pisi, Miq., 282.

Rodisei, Schomb., 282.
rigida, Ns., 282.
sanguinea, Rottb., 281.
staminea, Gr., 282.
vitlosa, Ns., 282.

Neea

jamaicensis, Gr., 71.
Negretia

urens, Tuss., 198.
Nelumbium
jamaicense, DC., 12.
luteum, W., 12.
Nf.lumbone/IO, 12.
Nematopus, Seub., sect.

Xyridis, 525.

Nemochloa

xnillegrana, Ns., 575.
Neottia

adnata, Sw., 642.
calcarata, Hook., 642.
flava, Sw., 643.
elata, Sw., 641.
orcbioides, Sw., 642.
polystachya, Sw., 643.
speciosa, Jacq., 642.
tortilis, Sw., 640.

Nepeta

amboinica, L., 491.
indica, L., 491.
pcctiuata, L., 489.
Nephrodium

aureovcstitum, Hook.,

692.

brachyodon, Hook., 693.
Imrayanum, Hook., 693.
paludosum, Liebm., 693.
propinquum, R. Br.,

693.

rhizotis, Hook., 692.
Nephrolepis, Schtt., sect.
Aspidii, 688.
acuta, llook., 688.

Nephrolepis

exaltata, Hook., 688.
exaltata, Schtt., 688.
neglecta, Kz., 688.
pectinata, Schtt., 688.
tuberosa, Hook., 688.
valida, Kz., 688.

Nepsera

aquatica, Naud., 268.
Neptunia

oleracea. Lour., 217.
plena, Benth., 218.
pubescens , Benth., 218.
snrinamensis, Steud.,

218.

Neriandra

suberecta, .A. PC., 413.
Nestea

salicifolia, Kth., 271-
Neurocallis

pnestantissima, Fee, 678.
Neurocarpum, Peso., sect.
Clitorise, 192.
argenteum, Wp., 192.
eajanifolium, Prl., 192.
ellipticum, Pesv., 192.
falcatum, PC., 192.
glycinoides, Pesv., 192.
Neurodium

lanceolatum. Fee, 671.
Neurolsena

lobata, R. Br., 381.
Neuromanes, Trev., sect.
Trichomanis, 653.
Hedvvigii, Bscli., 653.
immersum, Bsch., 653.
Kaulfussii, Bsch., 653.
Nicaragua, Gr., sect. Ctcsal-
piniee, 205.

Nicholsonia, PC., sect. Des-
modii, 186.
barbata, PC., 186.
cayeuuensis, PC., 186.
triflora, Gr., 186.
venustula, PC., 186.
Nicotiaua

angusti folia, R. P.,
432.

pusilla, L., 434.

Tabacum, L., 334.
Nidularium

Karatas, Lun., 591.
Nissolia

robinifolia, DC., 5201.
Nomochloa, P. B„ sect.

Rhyuchosporse, 575.
Nopalea, Salm., sect. Opun-
tia?, 302.

Norautea

guianensis, Aubl., 110.
paraensis, Mart., 110.
Nordmannia

tinifolia, F. M., 278.
Noterophila

brevifolia, Naud., 269.
Notholsena

ferruginea. Fat., 668.
rufa, Prl., 668.
ruf'escens. Hook., 668.
trichomanoides, R. Br.,
688.

Nothopleura, Benth., sect.

Psychotrise, 340.
Nothoscordum, Kth., sect.
Allii, 581.

fragrans, var., Kth., 5S1.
striatellum, Kth., 581.
striatum, Kth., 581.
Nothostyrax, Gr., sect. Sty-
racis, 403.

Notylia

incurva, Lindl., 634.
punctata, Lindl., 634.
Nyctagineas, 69.

Nymphtea

alba, Lun., 12.
amazouica. Mart. Zucc.,
12.

ampla, DC., 11.
blanda, Meg., 12.
blanda, P/., 11.

Lotus, Lun., 11.

Nelumbo, Lun., 12.
Rudgeana, Mey., 11.
Nymphacaceas, 11.

OCHNACEAD, 104.

O chroma

Lagopus , Sw., 88.
Ochroxylum, Schreb ., sect.
Zauthoxyli, 138.
puuctatum, Schreb., 138.
Ocimum

Basilicum, L., 487.
frutescens, Sieb., 487.
micranthum, W., 487.
Ocotea

discolor, Kth., 282.
guianensis, Aubl., 283.
mollis, Kth., 2S2.
Octomeria

gramini/olia, R. Br., 611.
Octopleura

micrantha, Gr., 260.
Odontndenia

cordata, A. PC., 416.

3 G

750

INDEX.

Odoutadenia

nitida , J. Miill., 416.
speciosa, Bentk., 416.
Odontoglossum
jamnicense , Gr., 633.
ixioides, Lind]., 633.
Odoutoloma, Kill., 352.
Odontotropium, Gr., sect.

Heliotropii, 486.
GEceoclades

funalis, Lindl., 625.
CEnothera

hirta, L., 273.
longi flora, Jacq., 273.
octovalvis, Jacq., 273.
rosea, Ait., 273.

Ogiera

ruder alis, Gr., 369.
triplinervis, Gass., 369.
Olacinicje, 309.

Oldeulandia

corymbosa, L., 330.
herbacea, DC., 330.
tenuifolia, Forst., 330.
Olea

fragrans, Thunb., 405.
Oleandra

micans, Kz., 696.
nodosa, Prl., 696.
Oletne^e, 404.

Olfersia

cervina, Kz., 678.
Oligauthes

condensata, Sell., 352.
Olisbea

rhizophor folia, DC., 243.
Olyra

arundinacea, 'l'r., 535.
lalifolia, L., 535.
paniculate, Sic., 535.
pauciflora, Sw., 536.
semiovata, Tr., 535.
Omphalea

cordata, Sw., 50.
diandra, L., 50.
nucifera, Sw., 50.
iriandra, L., 50, corr.
Otnphalobium
Lamberti, DC., 228.
ONAGRA [UEiE, 271.
Oncidiutn

adscendens, Lindl., 632.
altisshnum, Sw., 632.
ampliatum, Lindl., 632.

B merit Lindl, 633.
carthaginense , Sw., 632.
Cebollela, Sw., 632.
citrinum, Lindl., 633.

Oncidium

comosura, Pcepp., 630.
emarg'inatum, Mey., 619.
iridifolvum, Kth., 631.
Leraonianum, Lindl., 631.
luridum, Lindl., 032.
papilio, Lindl., 633.
pulchellum. Hook., 631.
sylvestre, Lindl, 632.
telrapetalum, W., 631.
triquetrum, R. Br., 631.
variegalum, Sw., 632.
velutinuin, Lindl., 632.
Oncolobium, Voq., sect. Cas-
sife, 209.

Oncostylis, Mart., sect. Seirpi,
572.

Onoclea

attenuate, Sw., 673.
liueata, Sw., 673.
polypod'oides, Sw., 673.
sorbifolia, Sw., 674.
Onychacantlius

Cumingii, Ns., 453.
Oocliniura
rigidum, DC., 357.
villosum, DC., 357.
Operculina, Mane., sect. Ipo-
moeffi, 467-

Ophiauthe, LLanst., sect. Con-
radire, 461.

libaneirsis, LLanst., 462.
Ophioglossum

reticulatum, L., 649.
Opliryoscleria

microcarpa, Ns., 578.
mitis, Ns., 578.
Oplismenus

birtellus, R. S., 545.
jamaicensis, Kill., 546.
loliaceus, P. B., 545.
setarius, P. B., 545.
Opuntia

coccinellifera, Mill., 302.
Ficus-indica, Mill., 302.
spinosissima, Mill., 302.
triacantha, Haw., 302.
Tuna, Mill., 302.
Oi'biculnria, Bail/., sect. Phyl-
lauthi, 34.

phyllanthoidcs, Baill., 35.
OuCHIDEiE, 606.

Orchis

Habcnaria, Lj., 043.
hirtella, Sw., 643.
inonorrhiza, Sw., 644.
plantaginen, Sw., 043.
setacea, Jacq., 044.

Orcodaphnc

cernua, Ns., 284.
coriacea, Ns., 284.
coriacea, Gr., 284.
exaltata, Ns., 281.
guianensis, Gr., 283.
Leucoxylon, Gr., 283.
marowynensis, Miq., 284.
paniflora, Ns., 283.
parviflora, Gr., 285.
strimosa, Gr., 284.
Oreodoxa

oleracea. Mart., 517.
regia, Kth., 517.

Ormosia

dasycarpa, Jacks., 203.
Oruithidium
album, Hook., 627.
coccinevm, Salisb., 626.
conferlum, Gr., 626.
parvilloruin, G. Rclib.,
626.

vestitum, G. Rchb., 625.
Ornithocephalus

Cruegeni, G. Rchb.,
635.

gladiatus, Hook., 635.
Ibis, G. Rchb., 635.
Ornithopteris, Ag., sect. Pte-
ridis, 670.

Orthocarpaia, DC., sect. Iie-
licteridis, 89.
Orthoclada

Jaxa, P. B., 531.
Orthopogon

cubensis, Spr., 545.
hirtellus, R. Br., 545.
loliaceus, Spr., 545.
undid atifolius, P. B.,
545.

setarius , Spr., 545.
Orthosia, Decs., 417.
Orthostachys, R. Br., sect.

Heliotropii, 486.
Oryctanthus, Gr., sect. Lo-
ranthi, 313.

Oryza

lalifolia, Desv., 535.
saliva, L., 535.

Osheckia

glomerate, DC., 267.
ornate, Sw., 266.
Osmanthus

fragrans, Lour., 405.
Osnumda

adiantifolia, L., 650.
aurita, Sw., 650.
cervina, 078.

INDEX.

757

Osmunda

hirsuta, L., 650.
liirta, L., 650.
hiunilis, Sw., 650.
phyllitidis, L., 650.
procera, Ford., 673.

Osssea

acuminata, DC., 261.
amygdaline, DC., 261.
brachystachys, Naud.,
261.

fasciculuris, Gr., 246.
integrifolia, Naud., 261.
lateriflora, DC., 246.
mierautlia, Mac/., 261.
multillora, DC., 261.
pratensis, Mac/., 248.
purpuraseens, DC., 261.
purpurasccus, Mdcf.,

261.

salicifolia, Cr., 249.
scabrosa, DC., 248.
sparsiflora, DC., 246.
trinitensis, IF., 249.

Otlonia

Vahlii, Kth., 172.

Ourata

guianensis, Aubl. , 105.
Ovieda

mitis, L., 500.

Oxaudejs, 132.

Oxalis

Barrelieri, Jacq., 133.
bipunctata. Graft., 133.
corniculata, L., 133.
frulescens, L., 133.
hedysaroides, Zucc., 133.
jamaicensis, Mac/., 133.
Mar liana, Zucc., 133.
microphylla, Poir., 133.
Plumieri, Jacq., 133.
Plumieri, Sieb., 133.
septum, St. llil., 133.
stricta, Sw., 133.
villosa, Mrs., 133.

Oxandra

laurifolia. Rich., 7.
virgata, Rich., 7-
Oxyecros, DC., sect. Ran-
dia!, 218.

Oxymcris, DC., sect. Ciide-
mue, 249.

Oxypetalum

riparium, Kth., 419.

Pachira

aquatica, Aubl., 87.
grandiflora, 'Puss., 87.

Pachira

insignis, Sw., 88.
Pachyauthus, Rich., syn.

Mieoniae, 255.
Pacliyrrhizus

angulatus , Rich., 195.
articulatus, Wp., 195.
Pachystachys

asperula, Ns., 454.
coccinea. Ns., 454.
latior, Ns., 454.
Pachystigma

pteleoides, Hook., 136.
Pacurero, Gr., sect. Pisoniae,

71.

Pcegalobium, Gr., sect. Te-
phrosice, 182.
Peepalanthus
fasciculatus, Kth., 526.
Palicourea

a/pina, DC., 345.
aurantiaca, Miq., 345.
coccinea, DC., 345.
crocea , DC., 345.
crocea, Schl., 345.
croceoides, Ham., 345.
guianensis, Aubl., 346.
mexicana, Benth., 345.
Pavetta, DC., 346.
pulchra, Gr., 345.
riparia, Benth., 345.
umbellata, DC., 345.
Palmaj), 513.

Panax

attenuaium, Sw., 306.
Morolotoni, Aubl., 307.
Pancratium

amoenum, Salisb., 583.
caribceum, L., 583.
carolinianum, L., 583.
diclinatuin, Jacq., 583.
patens , Lindl., 583.
patens, Red., 583.
rotatum, Ker , 583.
PANDANEAi, 513.

Panicum

acuminatum, Sw., 553.
adspersum, Tr., 546.
affine, Ns., 545.
agglutinans, Kth., 551.
alsinoides, Gr., 550.
altissimum , Mey., 549.
amplexicaulc, R/tdg., 553.
arborescens, Sieb., 551.
arbusculum, Sieb., 553.
aristatum, Mac/., 546.
arundinaceum, Sw., 552,
553.

Panicum

bambusoides, Ham., 551.
barbiuode, Tr., 547.
brevifolium, L., 552.
brizoides, Sw., 545.
ccespitosum, Sw., 546.
carthaginetise, Sw.,^546.
caudatdm, Lam., 555.
cagennense, Lam., 549.
cayeunense, var., 21/"., 549.
Chauvinii, Steud., 551.
colonum, L., 545.
compactum,'Svt., 552.
Crus-ga/li , L., 546.
ctenodes, Tr., 549.
cganescens , Sw., 552.
dactylou, L., 540.

Daltoni, Pari., 545.
decumbeus, R. S., 542.
diandrnm, Kth., 548.
dicholomum, L., 553.
diffusum, Sw., 548.
dispermum, Lam., 553.
dislichwn, Lam., 548.
divaricatum, L., 551.
divaricatum, Kth., 552.
divaricatum, Prl., 551.
Duchassaingii, Steud., 55 I.
echinatum, IF., 546.
elatius, Kth., 550.
elephantipes, Ns., 549.
eriogonurn, Schrad., 544.
fasciculatum, Gr., 549.
fasciculatum, Sw., 547-
filiforme, L., 544.
fistulosum, Hochst., 549.
flavescens, Sw., 547.
fluitans, Meg , 541.
frondescens, Mey., 548.
fuscum, Sw., 546.
fuscum, Sieb., 552.
gibbuin, Ell., 554.
glaucesceus, Ns., 544.
glaucum, L., 554.
g/utinosum, Sw., 552.
glutinosum, Lam., 551.
glutiuosum, Sieb., 552.
grossarium, L., 546.
guadelupense, Steud., 547-
ilamiltoni, Kth., 544.
Ilians, Spruce, 548.
hirsutum, Sw., 549.
hirsutum, V., 548.
hirtellum, L., 545.
horizontale, Meg., 544.
hydrophiluin, Tr., 548.
ichnodes, Gr., 551.
imberbe, Voir., 554.

58

INDEX.

Panicum

insularum, Steud., 546.
italicum, L., 554.
jumentorum, Pers., 549.
lagotis, Tr., 550.
lanatum, Sw., 551.
latii'olium, var., L., 551.
latifolium, var., Tr., 551.
laxum, Sw., 548.
leiocarpum, Ns., 551.
leucophseum, Kth., 557.
loliaceum, Lam., 545.
maerostachyum, Ns., 555.
Martianum, Ns., 550.
martinicen.se, Sw., 552.
maximum, Jacq., 549.
megacarpum, Steud., 551.
Meyerianum, Ns., 547.
molle, Sw., 547.
multictlmum, And., 546.
Myurus, Lam., 553.
nemorale, Schr., 550.
nemorosum, Sw., 550.
onurus, IF., 555.
oryzoides, Sw., 547.
pallens, Sw., 550.
palmifolium, Poir., 547.
paludicola, Steud-, 547.
paractseuioidcs, Tr., 547.
paspaloides, Pers., 545.
penicillatum, IF., 554.
Petiveri, Kotsch., 545.
pilosum, Sw., 548.
plicatum, Lam., 547-
plicatum, var., Kth., 547.
polygonatum, Sieb., 548.
potamium, Tr., 548.
procumbens, Ns., 546.
prostratum, Lam., 546.
pseudocolonum, Kth.,
545.

punetulatum, Am., 547.
ramuliflorum, Hochst.,
548.

reticulatum, Gr., 547.
rigens, Sw., 553.

Budget, R. S., 549.
sabulicolum. Ns., 546.
saccharoidcs, Kth., 557.
sarmentosum, Ro.xb., 547-
scoparium, Rudy., 549.
setarium, Lam., 545.
setosum, Sw., 555.
setosum, var., Ns., 555.
Sloanei , Gr., 551.

• sorghoideum, Ham., 551.
speclabile, Ns., 546.
slenodes, Gr., 547.

Panicum

stoloniferum, Poir., 549.
stoloniferum, var., Tr.,

548.

striatum, Lam., 554.
sulcatum, Aubl., 547.
tenuiculme, Ns., 548.
tenuiculmum, M.ey., 548.
thrasyoides, Tr., 540.
triclianthum. Ns., 552.
trichocondylum, Steud.,

549.

tricboides, Sw., 552.
truncatum, Tr., 545.
umbrosum, Retz., 546.
velutinum, Mey., 545.
vilfoides, Tr., 553.
viride, L., 554.
zizanioides, Kth., 547.
zonale, Guss., 545.
Papaveracf.^s, 12.
Papayace-e, 289.

Paphinia

crisiata, Lindl., 627-
Pappophorum

alopecuroides, V., 537-
laguroideum, Schr., 537.
macrostachyum, Sch.,

537.

Papvrus, Th., sect. Cyperi,
566.

elatus, Ns., 566.
Parathesis, A. DC., sect. Ar-
disise, 397.

Pariaua

sylvesiris, Ns., 527.
Parietaria

microphylla, L., 155.
Sonneratia, Poir., 160.
Parinari

campestre, Aubl., 230.
Paritium

abutiloides, G. Lon, 87-
datum, G. Don, 86.
tiliaceum, A. Juss., 86.
Parkeria

Lockhartii, H. G., 672.
pteridoides, H. £?., 672.
Parkia

biylobosa, Benth., 216.
Parkinsonia

acideata, L., 204.
Partlienium

Hysterophorus, L., 369.
Pnspalum

aurcum, Sprue., 543.
caspitosum, PL, 542.
canesoens, Ns., 543.

Paspalum

cbrysodactylon, Tr., 543.
chrysostachyon, Schr.,
543.

ciliatifolium, Mich., 542.
ciliatum, Mich., 541.
coleopodum, Steud., 542.
compressum, Ns., 541.
conjugatum, Bg., 541.
dasyphyllum, L 'll., 542.
decumbens, Sw., 542.
densum, Poir., 543.
Digitaria, Poir., 541.
digitatum, Ktli., 544.
dissectum, Sw., 542.
distichum, L.., 541.
distichum, Sw., 541.
extenuatum, Ns., 541.
filiforme, Sw., 541.
filiforme, PL, 544.
fimbriatum, Ktb., 542.
glabrum, Poir., 542.
guadelupense, Steud., 541.
iscbnocaulon, Tr., 542.
lanatum, Kth., 534.
litorale, R. Br., 541.
longifolium, Steud., 542.
longissimum, Hochst.,
541.

macropodon, Steud., 541.
Michauxianum, Kth.,
541.

Michauxianum, Stead.,

541.

milioides, Poir., 542.
notatum, PL, 541.
panicidatum, L., 543.
platycaule, Poir., 541.
plicaiulnm, Mich., 542.
polystachvon, Mich., 543.
protensum, Sprue., 542.
pulchellum, Kth., 542.
pulchrum, W., 543.
punctatum, Tr., 544.
pusiilum, Vent., 541.
ramosissimum, Ns., 543.
Renggeri, Steud., 541.
rhizomatosum, Steud.,

542.

saccharoides, Ns., 557.
scrobiculatum, L., 543.
setaceum, Mich., 542.
serpens, Sprue., 541.
Sieberianum, Steud., 541.
strictum, Pers., 543.
Svvartzianum, PL, 542.
nndulatum, Poir., 543.
vaginatum, Sw., 541.

INDEX.

759

Paspalura

virgatum, L., 548.

Passiflora

alnifolia, Kth., 292.
angustifolia , Sw., 291.
appendiculata, Mey., 291.
biflora, Lam., 293.
bogotensis, Benth., 292.
capsularis, L., 292.
Cavauillcsii, BC-., 295.
ciiiata, Ait., 294.
coriacea , Juss., 291.
coriacea, Rich., 296.
cuprea, L., 295.
erabescens, Macf., 292.
filamentosa, Cav., 294.
fostida, L., 294.
gossypifolia, Besv., 294.
hederacea, Cav., 291.
hemicycla, Mey., 293.
heteropbylla, Jacq., 291.
bibiscifolia, Lam., 294.
hirsuta, L., 291.
holosericea, L., 293.
incarnata, L., 294.
laurifolia, L., 293.
lineariloba, J. Hook.,
291.

longifolia, Lam., 291.
lutea, var., L., 291.
lyrifolia, Puss., 295.
maliformis, L., 203.
minima, L., 290.
minima, Sw., 291 .
multiflora, L., 291.
multiflora, Cav., 292.
Murucuja, L., 295.
normalis, L., 295.
oblongata, Sw., 295.
ornata, Kth., 293.
pallida, L., 291.
pectinata , Gr., 294.
pedata, L., 294.
peltala, Cav., 292.
peltata, Macf., 291.
penduliflora, Bert., 294.
perfoliata , L., 295.
quadrangularis , L., 293.
regalis, Macf., 292.
rolundifoHa , L., 292.
rubra, L., 292.
sanguinea, Meg., 296.
serrala, L., 293.
sexjlora, Juss., 292.
suberosa, L., 290.
lacsonioides, Gr., 295.
triflora, Macf., 293.
villosa, Macf., 291.

Passtfloee®, 290.

Pastiuaca

saiiva, L., 308.

Paulletia, Cav., sect. Bauhi-
11183, 213.

Paullinia

barbadensis, Jacq., 124.
caribcea, Jacq., 124.
curassavica, Jacq., 124.
curassaviea, Gr., 124.
Curura, L., 125.
divarieata, Sw., 123.
diversifolia, Miq., 124.
Hostmanui, Steud., 124.
jaraaicensis, Macf., 124.
ingofolia, Rich., 124.
leiocarpa, Gr., 124.
nitida, Steud., 124.
pinnata, L., 124.
seriana, L., 123.
sphcerocarpa, Rich., 124.
tomentosa, Jacq., 125.
Vespertilio, Sw., 124.
Pavetta

iudica, L., 338.
pentandra, Si eh., 339.
pentandra, Sw., 346.
Pavonia

aristata, Cav., 82.
bracteosa, Benth., 82.
castanifolia, St. Hil., 82.
corymbosa, W., 83.
microphylla, Cas., 82.
racemosa, Sw., 83.
spicata, Cav., 83.
spinifex, Cav., 82.
surinamensis, Miq., 82.
typlialea, Cav., 82.
iypha/eoides, Kth., S2,
corr.

Pectidium, Less., sect. Pec-
tidis, 377.

punctatum, Less., 377.
Pectis

anccps, Less., 378.
ciliaris, L., 378.
ciliaris, Sw., 378.
humifusa, Sw., 378.
linifolia. Less., 378.
Plumieri, Gr., 378.
prostrata, Cav., 378.
prostrata, Sieb., 378.
punctata, Jacq., 377.
serpyllifolia, Less., 378.
Sieberi, Less., 378.
Swartziana, Less., 378.
Pediccllaria, BC., sect.
Cleomcs, 15.

Pedilanthus

angustifolius, Poit., 52.
carinatus, Spr., 52.
padifolius, Poit., 52.
tithymaloides, Poit., 52.
Peirescia

aculeata. Mill., 303.
portulacifolia. Haw., 303.
Pelesia

bursaria, Lindl., 643.
setacea, Lindl., 643.
spiranthoides, Lindl.,
642.

Peltaea, Prl., sect. Pavonioe,
81.

Pcltophorum

adnatam, Gr., 206.

Linruei, Benth., 206.
Peltostigma
pteleoides, Wp., 136.
Pennisetum

purpurascens, Kth., 556.
Bichardi, Kth., 556.
setosum. Rich., 556.
uniflorum, Kth., 556.
Pentaceros

aculeatus, Mey., 92.
Pentaclethra

filamentosa, Benth., 216.
Pentadactylis, Gr., sect.

Ipomoese, 470.
Pentapetes
plicenicea, L., 95.
Pentarhaphia

calycosa, Decs., 460.
catalpiflora, Decs., 460.
craniolaria, Bees., 460.
exserta, Besc., 460.
fiorida, Bees., 460.
Herminieri, Bees., 460.
Lessertiana, Bees., 460.
Lindleyana, Bees., 460.
longiflora, Lindl., 460.
montaua, Bees., 460.
parviflora, Bees., 460.
Swartzii, Bees., 460.
Pentaria, Gr., sect. Passi-
floree, 292.

Peperomia

acuminata, Miq., 165.
a/pina, Dtr., 167-
amplexicaulis , Dtr., 166.
ciiiata, Kth., 1 68.
cordifolia, Dtr., 164.
cuneata, Miq., 166.
dendrophila, Schl., 165.
distachya, Dtr., 166.
exilis, Gr., 164.

760

INDEX.

Peperomia

filiformis, R. P., 169.
fimbriata, 168.
galioides, Kth., 167-
glabella, Dtr., 165.
Hamiltoniana, Miq.,

165.

hernandifolia, Dtr., 166.
hirlella, Miq., 165.
hispiduta, Swt., 165.
magnolifolia, Dtr., 167-
muscosa, Lk., 168.
myrtillus , Miq., 168.
nigropunctata, Miq., 165.
nummularifolia , Kth.,
164.

obliqua, R. P., 165.
obtusifolia, Dtr., 166.
obversa, Dtr., 168.
ovalifolia, Hook., 168.
pellucida , Kth., 165.
pernambucensis, Miq.,

167-

Ponthieui, Miq., 166.
product a, Gr., 166.
pulchella, Dtr., 167.
quadrangutaris, Dtr., 168.
quadrifolia, Kth., 168.
rejlexa , Dtr., 168.
reniformis, Hook., 166.
repens, Kth., 165.
rotundifotia, Kth., 164.
serpens, Lond., 1 64.
septemnervis , It. P., 168.
stel/ata, Dtr., 167.
Sioariziana , Miq., 167-
talinifolia, Kth., 167-
tenella, Dtr., 165.
tenerrima, Schl., 167-
trifolia, Dtr., 168.
verticillata, Dtr., 167.
Vincentiana, Miq., 164.
Perama

hirsuta, Aubl., 351.
Perdicium

radiate, L., 383.

Pericalia, Gr., sect. Scnecio-
nis, 382.

Persea

gratissima, G., 280.
pyrifolia. Ns., 280.
Pes-caprre, Gr., sect. Ipo-
moese, 470.

Petaloma

domingeuse, Tuss., 243.
rnyrtilloides, Sw., 243.
Petesia, P. B., sect. Ronde-
letice, 326.

Petesia

Lygistum, L., 329.
grandis, Bartl., 326.
spicata, Sw., 321.
stipularis, L., 326.

Petitia

dominyensis, Jacq., 501.
Petiveria

alliacea, L., 59.

Petrea

arborea , Kth., 498.
vo/ubilis, Jacq., 498.
Petroseliuuin

sativum, Hoffm., 308.
Phajus

grandifotius, Lour., 622.
Pharhitis, Chois., sect. Ipo-
moesc, 473.

cathartica, Chois., 473.
hederacea, Chois., 473.
hispida, Chois., 473.
mutabilis, Chois., 473.

Nil, Chois., 473.
tomentosa, Chois , 474.
violacea, Bog., 469.
Pliarmacosmilax, Gr., sect.
Smilacis, 585.

Pharmacosycea, Miq., sect.
Fici, 150.

jamaicensis, Liebm., 150.
Pharnaceum

spathulatura, Sw., 56.
Pharus

glaber, Kth., 536.
lancifolius, Ham., 536.
lappulaceus, Lam., 536.
latifolius, L., 536.
latifolius, Tr., 536.

. ovalifolius, Ham., 536.
scaher, Kill., 536.
Phaseolus

adenantlius, Mey., 196.
amcenns, Macf., 196.
hipunctatus, Jacq., 196.
cirrhosus, Kth., 196.
compressus, DC., 196.
crotalarioides, Mart., 197.
dumosus, Macf., 196.
fcecundns, Macf., 196.
gonospermus, Sav., 196.
hirsutus, Mart., 197.
inamcenus, L., 196.
lasiocarpus. Mart., 197.
latisiliquus, Macf., 196.
lathy roidcs, L., 197.
liraensis, Macf., 196.
lunatus, L., 196.
nanus, L., 196.

Phaseolus

rostratus, Wall., 196.
saccharatus, Macf., 196.
semierectus, L., 197.
surinameusis, Miq., 197.
truxillensis, Kth., 196.
vexillatus, L., 195.
vulgaris, L., 196.
Phegopteris, Mett., sect. Po-
lypodii, 696.
platyphylla, Mett., 689.
portoricensis, Fee, 690.
Seemanni, J. Sm., 693.
sericea, Bat., 690.
Phellocarpus

floridus, Benth., 201.
Thenax

haitiensis, Wedd., 160.
loevigatus, Wedd., 160.
urticifolius, Wedd., 160.
vulgaris, Wedd., 160.
Phialauthus

rnyrtilloides, Gr., 335.
Philodendron

dispar, Sch., 510.
hederaceum, Sch., 510.
Jacquinii, Sch., 510.
lacerum, Sch., 510.
lingulatum, Sch., 510.
lingulatum, C. Kth., 510.
Swartzianum, Sch., 510.
tripartitum, Sch., 510.
Pbiloxerus

vermiculatus, R. Br., 65.
Phlebodium, R. Br., sect. Po-
lypodii, 698.

Phlomis

carihaja, Jacq., 491.
martinicensis, Sw., 491.
nepetifolia, L., 491.
Phcohe

cinnamomifolia , Ns.,

279.

cnbensis, Ns., 280.
membranacea, Ns., 282.
membranacea, Macf., 283.
montana, Gr., 279.
patens, Ns., 282.

Phoenix

daetytifera , L., 513.
spinosa, Thonn., 513.
Pholacilia

diversifolia, Gr., 130.
pteleifolia, Gr., 130.
trinitensis, Gr., 130.
Phoradendrou

Berterianum, Gr., 313.
chrysocladtun, As. Gr. 313

INDEX.

761

Phoradendron
Jiao tun, Gr., 313.
he.rastickum, Gr., 313.
latifolium, Gr., 314.
macrosiachyum, Gr., 314.
martinicense , Gr., 314.
myrtilloides, Gr., 314.
rubrum, Gr., 314.
trinervium, Gr., 314.
Phragmites, To., sect. Arun-
diuis, 530.
gigantea, Jacq., 530.
martiuiceusis, Tr., 530.
Phrynium

Allouya, Rose., 604.

Casupo, Rose., 604.
comosum, Rose., 604.
Myrosma, Rose., 604.
Parkeri, Rose., 604.
Pkyllantlius

angustifolius, Sw., 35.

A rims cula, W., 35.
caulifiorus, Gr., 33.
Conami, Sw., 33.
diffusus, El., 34.
elongatus, Jacq., 33.
epiphyllanthus, L., 85.
Ejjistylium , Gr., 33.
falcatus, Sw., 35.
janiaicensis, Gr., 34.
latifolius, Sw., 35.
latilblius, Bot. Mag., 35.
linearis , Sw., 35.
longifolius, Jacq., 33.
microphyllus, Kill., 34.
mimosoides , Sw., 34.
niontanus, Sw., 35.

Niruri, L., 34.
nutans, Sw., 33.
orbicularis, Kth., 34.
piscatorum, Kth., 34.
speciostis, Jacq., 35.
iremulus, Gr., 34.
Urinaria, L., 34.
Phyllocorync

janiaicensis, J. Hook., 309.
Phymosia

abutiloides, Besv., 72.
Physalis

angulata, L., 436.
barliadensis, Jacq., 435.
capsicifolia, Bun., 436.
edulis, Sims., 435.
fastens, Poir., 435.
hirsuta, Bun., 433.
Linkiana, Ns., 436.
minima , L., 436.
peruviana, L., 435.

Physalis

pruinosa, L., 436.
pubescens, L., 435.
pubescens, R. Br., 435.
Pkysurus

hirlellus , Lindl., 642.
plantagineus, Lindl , 643.
Sagrseanus, Rich. , 643.
Phytolacca

decandra, I)esc., 58.
icosandra, L., 58.
PhYTOUACCIoE, 58.

Picrjena

excelsa , Lindl., 140.
Picramnia

Antidesma, Sw., 141.
anlidesmoides, Gr., 140,
corr.

micrantha, Tul., 140.
pentandra, Sw., 140.
Picrodendron

arboreum, PL, 177 -
Juglans, Gr., 177-
Piercea, Mill., sect. Rivi-
nse, 59.

Pilea

acuminata, Liebm., 159.
ciliaris, Wedd., 156.
ciliata, Bl., 158.
cubensis, Wecld., 156.
cuneifolia, Wedd., 156.
densijlora, Kth., 157-
depressa, Bl., 158.
diffusa, Wedd., 159.
diffusa, Gr., 159.
elegans, Wedd., 157-
furcata, Liebm.., 159.
Goudotiana, Wedd., 157.
grandis, Wedd., 157-
grossecrenata, Miq., 159.
hyalina, Fzl., 159.
incequalis, Wedd., 158.
lanceolata, Wedd., 156.
laxa, Wedd., 159.
lucida, Bl., 156.
microphg/la, Liebm., 155.
muscosa, Lindl., 155.
nudicau/is, Wedd , 156.
nummtdarifolia, Wedd.,
158.

nummularifolia, Gr., 158.
ovalis, Gr., 159.
Parielaria, Bl., 156.
pubescens, Liebm., 159.
pumila , As. Gr., 159.
radicans , Wedd., 158.
repens, Wedd., 158.
reticulata, Wedd., 156.

Pilea

Rivcerisc, Wedd., 156.
rotundata, Gr., 158.
rufa, Wedd., 157.
semidenlata, Wedd., 157-
serrulata, Wedd., 156.
sessiliflora, Wedd., 157.
Swartzii, Wedd., 158.
trianthemoides,A2«<//.,155.
variegata, Seem., 157.
Pilocarpus

racemosus, V., 135.
Pilocereus, Lam., sect. Cerei,
301.

Pimenta

acris, W. A., 241.

Pimento, Gr., 241.
vulgaris, W. A., 240.
Pinguicula

elongata, Benj., 392.
Pinillosia, Oss., 369.

Pinus

bahamensis, Gr., 503.

Piper

acuminatum, A., 165.
aduncum, L., 171.
aggregatum, Berg., 25.
Amalago, L., 169.
amplexicaule, Sw., 166.
anntum, Sieb., 170.
bracteatum, Thomps., 166.
Bredemeyeri, Jacq., 170.
caudatum, V., 170.
clusiifolinm, Jacq., 166.
cordi folium, Sw., 164.
coruscans, Kth., 171.
cuneifolium, Jacq., 166.
decumanum, IF., 169.
dilatatum, Rchb., 170.
discolor, Besc., 170.
discolor, Sw., 169.
distachyon, L., 166.
distachyon, Sieb., 165.
divaricatum, Meg., 170.
fasciculaturn, Rndg., 26.
filiforme, Sw., 167.
geniculatum, Sw., 172.
glabcllum, Sw., 165.
glaucescens, Jacq., 169.
liernandifolium, V., 166.
hirsutura, Miq., 171.
hispidulum, Sw., 165.
insequale, Mb. Bks., 171.
macropbyllum, Sw., 171.
magnolifolium, Jacq., 167.
medium, Jacq., 170.
nitiduin, Sw., 170.
nummularifoliiUD, Sw., 1 64.

702

INDEX.

Piper

obtusifolium, L., 166.
obversum, V., 168.
ovatum, V., 172.
pellucidum, L., 165.
peltatum, L., 169.
pulchellum. Ait., 167-
quadrangulare, Thomps.,
168.

quadrifolium, L., 168.
reflexum, L., 169.
rotundifolium, L., 164.
rugosum, Lam., 171.
scabrum, Sw., 171.
serpens, i Sw., 165.
stellatura, Sw., 167.
tenellam, Sw., 165.
tenuiflorum, lib. BIcs.,
165.

trifolium, L ., 168.
tuberculatum, Ktli., 172.
umbellatum, L., 169.
unguiculatum, R. P .,
169.

verrucosum, Sicb., 172.
verrucosum, Sw., 171.
verticillatum, L., 168.
PlPEKACE.®, 164.

Piptadenia

peregrina, Benth., 217-
Piptolepis

pbyllyreoides, Bentli.,
406.

Piriqueta

cistoides, Gr., 298.
jonidioides, Rich., 298.
Pironueaua, Qaudich., sect.
iEchmete, 592.
glomerata, Gaud., 592.
Piscidia

carthagiuensis, L., 200.
carthaginensis, Macf.,
199.

Brythrina, L., 200.
Pisonia

aculeata, L., 70.
coccinea, Sw., 71.
discolor, Spr., 70, corr.
inermis, Jacq., 71-
mitis, lib. BIcs., 71.
nigricans, Sw., 70.
nigricans, Chois., 71-
obtusaia, Sw., 71-
Pacurero, Kilt., 71.
subcordata, Sw., 70.

Pistia

occidentalis, Kl., 512.
stratiotes, Jacq., 512.

Pitcairnia

angustifolia, Ait., 594.
bracteata, Ait., 594.
bromelifolia, L’Her., 594.
latifolia, Red., 594.
platyphylla, Sc hr., 594.
Redouteana, Schr., 594.
sulfurea, Andr., 594.
Pithecolobium

Berterianum, Benth.,
223.

Brongniartii, Wp., 226.
comosum, Benth., 225.
cyclocarpum, Benth., 226.
filicifolium, Benth., 226.
fragrans, Benth., 223.
latifolimn, Benth., 225.
micradeniiun, Benth., 226.
oblongum, Benth., 226.
parvifolium, Benth., 222.
Saman, Benth., 225.
trapezifolium, Benth.,
226.

unguis-cati, Benth., 226.
Vincentis, Benth., 222.
Pithecotlenium

Aubletii, Splitg., 449.
Pittonia, Kth., sect. Toume-
fortise, 483.

Pituraba, Aubl., sect. Casea-
nce, 23.

Plagioporus, Gr., sect. Solani,
438.

Plantagine®, 389.
Plantago

asiatica, L., 389.
major, L., 389.
virginica, L., 389.
Platonia

virgata, Gr., 530.
Platymiscium
platystachyum, Benth.,
200.

trinitatis, Bentli., 201.
Platyopuntia, Gr., sect.
Opuutise, 302.

Platystachys, C. Kch., sect.
Tillandsise, 595.
bulbosa, Beer., 596.
digitata, Beer., 595.
erythrica, Beer., 596.
Pleuridium, Prl., syn.

Anaxeti, 701.
Pleurochrouia

quadrangularis, Gr., 260.
rigida, 260.

Pleurogramme

graminoides, Fee, 672.

Pleurogramme
linearis, Prl., 672.

Pleuropteris, Gr., sect. Mas
cagnife, 121.

Pleurostachys, Brongn., syn.
Nomochlose, 575.

Pleurothallis

alpestris, Liudl., 607.
aristata. Hook., 608.
atropurpurea, Lindl., 612.
bijlora, Focke, 609.
cornicvlata, Lindl., 609.
delieatula, Lindl., 608.
discoidea, Lindl., 608.
emarginata, Lindl., 608.
Jloribunda, Lindl., 607.
foliata, Gr., 610.
gelida, Lindl., 607.
hymenantka, Lindl., 609.
Imrayi, Lindl., 607.
lanceola, Spr., 609.
laxa, Lindl., 607.
lepanthiformis, G. Rchb.,
610.

longissima, Lindl., 607.
micro lepant lies , Gr., 610.
oblongifolia, Lindl., 607.
pachyrhachis, Rich., 613.
plumosa, Lindl., 608.
polygonoides, Gr., 6u9.
pruinosa, Lindl., 608.
punctata, Lindl., 634.
racemijlora, Lindl., 607.
ruscifolia, R. Br., 608.
sertularioides, Spr., 609.
sicaria, Lindl., 608.
testifolia , Lindl., 609.
tribuloides, Lindl., 609.
nnivaginata, Lindl., 607.
vi/losa, K. W., 610.
Wilspni, Lindl., 608.

Plinia

pedunculata, L., 239.
rubra, L., 239.

Pluchea

glabrata, DC., 367.
odorata, Cass., 366.
purpurascens, DC., 367.

Plukenetia

volubilis, L., 46.

Pl/UMBAGINEAi, 389.

Plumbago
scandens, L., 390.

Plumieria
alba, L., 411.
bicolor. Seem., 411.
hypoleuca, Gasp., 411.
obtusa, L., 411.

INDEX.

7G3

Plnmieria

rubra, L., 411.

Tenorii, Gasp., 411.

P°a

capillaris, Sw., 532.
ciliaris, L-, 532.
conferta, Ell., 533.
clcgans, Poir., 532.
Eragrostis, L., 532.
glutinosa, Sw., 532.
pilosa, L., 532.
polymorpha, R. Br .,

532.

tephrosanthos, Sch., 532.
virgata, Poir., 531.
Podocarpus

conaceus, Rich., 504.
Purdieanus, Hook., 504.
salicifolius, Kl. K., 504.
Yacca, Eon, 504.
Pcecilochroma, Mrs., 435.
Pogonia

gentianoides , Lindl., 637-
macrophylla, Lindl., 637.
physurifolia , G. Rclib.,

637.

surinamensis, Lindl., 637-
tenuis, G. Rclib., 637 -
Pogonorhynclius

amplexans, Cr., 253.
sessilis, Cr., 253.

Poinciana

bijuga, L., 201.
coriaria, Jacq., 206.
polcherrima, L., 205.
Poivrea

eriopetala, DC., 275.
Polanisia, Raf., sect. Cleomes,
15, 16.

icosandra, W. A., 16.
viscosa, EC., 16.
Polembryum, Juss., sect.
Esenbecki®, 135.
castanocarpum, Juss., 135.
Polyboea

corensis, Kl., 16.
Polybotrya

caudata, Kz., 677.
cervina, Kauf. , 678.
cylindrica, Kaulf., 677 •
osmundacea , llumb., 67 7 -
Polygala

adenophora, EC., 28.
adprcssa, Steud., 28.
americana, Mill., 28.
angustifoUa, Kth., 28.
brizo'des, St. Hit., 28.
carnporum, Benth., 28.

Polygala

caracasana, Kth., 28.
diversifolia, L., 29.
incarnata, Aulil ., 28.
longicaulis, Kth., 27.
modesta, Miq., 28.
mucronata, Mac/., 28.
panicu/ata, L., 28.
rivinifolia, Kth., 28.
sororia, Miq., 28.
stellera, EC., 28.
stellera, Miq., 28.
Timoutou, Anbl., 27.
variabilis, Kth., 28.
PoLYGALEiE, 27-
Polygonum

acuminatum, Kth., 161.
acre, Kth., 161.
bavbatum, Meg., 161.
densiflorum, Meissn.,
corr.

glabrum, W., 161, corr.
scandens, L., 60.
POEYGONE.E, 161.
Polypodium

angustifolium, Sw., 702.
angustifolium, Eat., 702.
appendiculatum, Sw., 695.
arboreum, L., 704.
arcuatum, Mor., 700.
areolatum, Kth., 698.
armatum, Sw., 705.
asplenifolium, L., 700.
asplenioides, Sw., 693.
aureum , L., 698.
blechnoides, Sw., 697 .
brachyodon, Kz., 693.
csespitosum, Lk., 705.
caudatum, Kaulf., 696.
chnoodes, Spr., 698.
chrysopodon, KL, 702.
cicutarium, L., 695.
comosum, L., 702.
comptonifolium, Desv.,
701.

concinnum, Sieb., 691.
confusum, J. Sm., 700.
cordatum, Kz., 698.
cordatum, Hook., 694.
coriaceum, Sw., 690.
crass folium, L., 703.
crenatvm, Sw., 697 •
crystallinum, Kz., 691.
cultratum, W., 700.
curvatum, Sw., 699.
decipicns, Hook., 699.
decussatum, L., 696.
denticulatum, Sw., 690.

Polypodium

dissimile, L., 699.
divergens, Sw., 690.
drynarioides, Gr., 698.
dulce, L., 698.
effusum, Sw., EL, 691.
effusum, Sw., synops.,
696.

elasticum, Eat., 700.
elongatum, Mett., 702.
ensifoliwm, "W., 702.
exaltatum, L., 688.
exigumn, Gr., 701.
fasciale, W., 702.
flabelliforme, Lam., 700.
flabelliforme, Sw., 700.
Jlavopunctatum, Kaulf.,

697.

furcatum, Sw., 652.
gladiatum, Kz., 698.
glaucinum, Mart. Gal.,

698.

gramineum, Sw., 703.
griseum, Schlc., 703.
hastatum, Sw., 694.
hastifolium, Sw., 694.
Hewardii, Gr., 696.
horridum, L., 706.
incanum, Sw., 699.
incisum , Sw., 694.
jubiforme, Kaulf., 700.
Karstenianum, KL, 691.
lachuopodium, J. Sm.,
691.

lanceolatum, L., 702.
laxifrons, Liebrn., 700.
lepidotum, W., 702.
lomariiforme, Kz., 699.
loriceum, L., 698.
Igcopodioides, L., 702.
marginellum, Sw., 703.
megalodus, Schk., 697 •
meniscioides, Liebrn.,

697.

moniliforme, Cav., 700.
Moritzianum, Lk., 699.
myosuroides, Sw., 703.
neriifolium, Schk., 698.
obliteratum, Sw., 697.
Otites, L., 699.

Otites, IF., 699.

Parked, II. G., 698.
parvulum, Mett., 700.
pectination, L., 699.
pendulum, Sw., 700.
Phgllitidis, L., 702.
pilipes, Hook., 699.
niloselloides, L., 701.

3 h

704

INDEX.

Polypodium

plantagineum, Jacq., 696.
platyphyllum, Hook., 689.
Plumieri, J. Sm., 697-
Plumula, W., 699.
pruinosum, Sw., 703.
pubescens, L., 690.
pubescens, R add., 691,
pulvinatum, Lie., 098.
repandum, Sw., 698.
repens, Sw., 702.
reptans, Sw., 694.
reticulatum, L., 687.
rostratum, W., 697.
rubigiuosum, L’Herm.,
698.

salicifolium, W., 701.
sanctum, Sw., 691.
Schkuhrii, Radd., 699.
scolopendrioides, H. G.,
701.

scolopendrioides, Sw.,
694.

serpens, Sw., 702.
semdatum, Melt., 703.
serrulatum, Sw., 693.
simile, L., 699.

Sloanei, Kz., 691.
solutum, KL, 702.
sororium, Klh., 699.
spectabile, Kaulf, 691.
spinosum, L., 705.
subcrenatum, Hook., 700.
subincisum, W., 691.
surrucuchense, Hook.,
698.

suspensum, L., 900.
suspensum, Sieb., 700.
tamiosum, W., 702.
taxifolium, L., 699.
tcnuifolium, Klh., 699.
ielragonum, L., 697.
triangulum, L., 689.
irichomanoides , Sw.,

701.

triloliatum, L., 695.
trifuvcatum, L., 701.
truncicola, Kl., 701.
unitum, L., 693.
vaccinifolium, Langsd.,
Eisch., 701.
velatum, Sch/c., 699.
venustum, Gr., 700.
vexatum, Eat., 702.
villosum, L., 691.
xiphophorum, Kz., 698.
Polypremuin
procumbens, L., 427.

Polystachya

exstinctoria, G. Rchb.,
628.

foliosa, G. Rchb., 628.
luteola, Ilook., 628.
Weigelti, G. Rchb., 628.
Polystichuin
ilicifolium, Fee, 689.
viviparnm, Fee, 689.
Polytamium
lineatum, Desv., 672.
PONTEDERACERD, 590.
Pontederia
azurea, Sw., 590.
limosa, Sw., 590.
paniculata, Spr., 590.
Ponera

prolifera, G. Rchb., 623.
Pongatium
indicum, Lam., 389.
Pontkieva

glandulosa, R. Br., 638.
lancifolia, Rich., 638.
peiiolata, Lindl., 638.
rostrata, Lindl., 638.
Poropliyllum
cllipticum, Cass., 379.
ruderale, Cass., 379.
Portesia

glabra, Gr., 130.
ovata, Cav., 130.
Portlandia
coccinea, Sw., 324.
grandijlora, L., 324.
gypsopliila, Macf., 324.
hexandra, Jacq., 323.
platantha, Hook., 324.
Portulaca

crassicaulis, Jacq., 56.
lialimoides, L., 57-
oleracea, L., 57.
paniculata, Jacq., 57.
parvifblia, Haw., 57,
corr.

patens, Jacq., 57.
pilosa, L., 57, corr.
triangularis, Jacq., 56.
Portulacero, 56.

Posoqueria
latifolia, R. S., 317.
trinitatis, DC., 318.
Possira

simplex, Sw., 212.
Potamogcton
jluilans, Kth., 506.
helerophglla, Sehreb.,
506.

lucens, L., 506.

Potamogeton
occidentalis, Sieb., 506.
plantaginca, Ducr., 506.
pralonga, Wulf., 506.
Zizii, Kch., 506.
Potliomorpbe
peliata, Miq., 169.
umbellata, iliq., 169.
Potkos

cannifolia, Dry., 509.
cordata, L., 508.
grandifolia, Jacq., 508.
inacropbylla, Sw., 509.
palmata, L., 509.
violacea, Sw., 507-
Ponteria

guianensis, Aubl., 402.
Premna

reticulata, Juss., 501.
Prescottia

colorans, Lindl., 640.
myosurus, G. Rchb., 640.
oligautha, Lindl., 640.
stachyoides, Lindl., 639.
Primulace/K, 390.

Prinodia, Gr., sect. Ilicis,
147.

Prinos

diceca, V., 147.
lanceolata, Macf., 147.
Macfadyeni, IVp., 147.
montana, L., 147.
nitida, V., 147-
sideroxyloides, Sw., 147.
Prionoplectus

cristatus, Oersl., 463.
Prioria

Copaifera, Gr., 415.

Priva

echinuia, Juss., 493.
mcxicana, Sieb., 493.
Pi'ockia, P. B., sect. Trilicis,
21.

completa, Hook., 21.
crucis, i., 21.
obovata, Prl., 21.
serrata, Sw., 22.

Prosopis

dulcis, Kth., 21 7-
dulcis, var., Benih.,
217 •

glandulosa, Torr., 217.
jufijlora, DC., 217.
Prosospcrma, Vog., sect. Cas-
sia;, 209.

Proteace/E, 277.

Prunella

vulgaris, L., 492.

INDEX.

765

Primus

occidental's, Sw., 231.
pleuradenia, Gr., 231.
spluerocarpa, Sw., 231.
spkmrocarpa, Schl., 231.
Psathura, Comm., 336.
Pseudacacia, Gr., sect. Calli-
andrffi, 224.

Pseudocratceva, Gr., sect.

Capparidis, 17-
Pseudolmedia

kavaneusis, Tree., 152.
spuria, Gr., 152.
Pseudopkrynium, Korn., syu.

Myrosmalis, 604.

Psidium

aromaticum, Aubl., 242.
aromaticum, Desc., 242.
cordalum, Sims., 242.
fragrans, Macf., 241.

Guava, It add., 241.
Guildingianum, Gr., 242.
montanum, Sw., 242.
polycarpum, Lamb., 241.
pomiferum, L., 241.
pumilum, V., 241.
pyriforme, L., 241.
Psilocarpaja, DC., sect. Bi-
dentis, 373.

Psilotum

complanatum, Sw., 648.
fiaccidum, Wall., 648.
triquetrum, Sw., 648.
Psittacanthns, Mari., sect.

Lorauthi, 311.
Psyckotria

alpina, Sw., 345.
androscemifolia, Gr., 341.
arcuata, Bentk., 343.
asiatica, Lam., 341.
axillaris, IV., 339.
Balbisiana, DC., 345.
brachiala, Svv., 343.
Brownei, Spr., 341.
capitellata, DC., 343.
celastroides, Gr., 341 .
ckimarroides, DC., 342.
citrifolia, Sw., 339.
congesta, Spr., 345.
cornigera, Bentk., 344.
corymbosa, Sw., 343.
crcissa, Bentk., 344.
crocea, Sw., 345.
dasyophthalma, Gr., 341.
discolor, Sm., 440.
dura, Sm., 340.
floribunda, Ktk., 340.
Helens, Sw., 341, 342.

Psyckotria

feetida, Gr., 343.
glabrata, Sw., 341.
glabrata, Sieb., 341.
grandis, Sw., 340.
kerbacea, L., 347.
hirsute, Sw., 341.
horizontalis, Sw., 344.
involucrata, Sw., 345.
laevis, DC., 340.
lanceolate, Mett., 342.
laurifolia, Sw., 341.
laxa, Sw., 345.

Mapouria, R. S., 340.
marginata , Sw., 340.
megalosperma, V., 335.
myrtiphyllum , Sw., 344.
nervosa, Sto., 342.
nutans, Sw., 344.
oligotricka, DC., 342.
Paliconrea, Sw., 346.
parasitica, Sw., 344.
patens, Sw., 343.

Pavetta, Sw., 346.
pedunculate , Sw., 343.
portoricensis, DC., 342.
pnbescens, Sw., 343.
rufescens, Ktk., 342.
scabriuscula, Bartl., 343.
stipulacea, Sw., 342.
tenuifolia, Sw., 341.
uliginosa, Sw., 340.
undata, Jacq., 342.
villosa, R. P-, 342.

Pteris

aculeate, Sw., 669.
aculeata, Eat., 669.
aculeata, Hoolc., 669.
angustifolia, Sw., 67 1.
aquiline, L., 670.
arachnoidea, Kaulf., 671.
bakamensis, Fee, 668.
biaurita, L., 669.
biaurita, Sw., 670.
biformis, Splilg., 669.
caudata, L., 670.
coucinna, Hew., 668.
crassipes, Ag., 669.
dejlexa. Lie., 670.
diplazioides, Mor., 669.
data, Hoolc., 669.
felosma, J. Sm., 671 •
flabellata, var., Ag., 670.
furcata, L., 671.
gigantea , W., 669.
gigantea, Sieb., 669.
glauca, Mor., 690.
yrandifolia, L., 668.

Pteris

heterophylla, L., 668.
incisa, Thunk., 670.
Kunzeana, Eat., 669.
Kunzeana, Hoolc., 669.
laciniata, W., 669.
lanceolata, L., 671 •
lanuginosa, Bor., 670.
lineata, L., 67 1 •
longibrachiata, Ag., 669.
longi/olia, L., 668.
mutilate, L., 668.
pallida, Radd., 670.
pedata, L., 668.

Plumieri, IV., 670.
podophylla, Sw., 669.
propinqua, Ag., 669.
protea, Liebm., 669.
pungens, W ., 669.
quadriaurita, Retz., 670.
repandula, Lie., 670.
scalaris, Mor., 670.

Sloanei, Radd., 669.
stridens, Ag., 670.^
Swartziana, Ag., 670.
trichomanoides, L., 668.
vespertilionis, Lab., 670.
vittata, L., 668.
vittata, Schlc., 668.
Pterooarpus

Draco, L., 201.
Ecastapkyllum, L., 202.
suberosus, Pers., 201.
Rohrii, V., 201.
sapindoides, DC., 202.
Pterocaulon

alopecuroides, DC., 367.
virgatum, DC., 367.
Pterogastra, Naud., sect.

Artkrostemmatis, 267 ■
Pterolepis

capitata, Miq., 267.
glomerata, Cr., 267.
pumila, Cr., 267 •

Pteropsis

angustifolia, Desv., 671.
lanceolata, Desv., 67 1.
Pteroscleria

guianensis. Ns., 579.
longifolia, Gr., 579.
Ptcrygoloma

cristatum, Gr., 464.
pubescens, Gr., 464.
repens, Hanst., 464.
Ptycketeropteris, Gr., sect
Hetcroptcridis, 119.
Punica

Granatum, L., 242.

<• \st (J t*-*

l

766

INDEX.

Punica

nana, L., 242.

Pupalia

prostrata, R. Br., 63.
Pycreus, P. B., sect. Cyperi,
562.

Pyrethrum

Partlienium, Sm., 380.

Guadrella, DC., sect. Cappa-
ridis, 18.

Quamoclit, T., sect. Ipo-
incEse, 472.
coceinea, Mch., 472.
liederifolia, Chois., 472.
vulgaris, Chois., 472.
Quassia

amara, L., 139.
excelsa, Sw., 140.
polygama, Lindl., 140.
Quiina

Cruegeriana, Gr., 106.
guianensis, Cr., 106.
guianensis, Aubl., 106.
jamaicensis, Gr., 105,
corr.

Rajania

liastata , L., 589.
hastata, Kth., 588.
ovata, Sw., 588.
pleioneura, Gr., 588.
Raudia

aculeata, L., 318.
armata, DC., 318.
latifolia, DC., 318.
mitis, L., 318.
Mousscendce, DC., 318.
Ranmanissa, Endl., sect.
Cleomes, 16.

Ra XUNCULACE.'E, 1.
Ranunculus

Bonplandianus, Kth., 1.
parviflorus, L., 2.
prsemorsus, Kth., 1.
repens, L., 1.

Rapanea

guianensis, Aubl., 393.
Rapatea

'paludosa, Aubl., 525.
Raphanus

lanceolatus, Mac/., 15.
lanceolatus, W., 14.
Ratonia

apetala, Gr., 126.
Rauwolfia

A/p/wnsiana, J. Mull.,
408.

Rauwolfia

biauriculata, J. Mull.,
408.

canescens, L., 407.
Lamarclcii, A. DC.,
408.

lanceolata, Gr., 408.
latifolia, A. DC., 408.
nitida, L., 407-
nitida, Lam., 408.
parvifolia, Spr., 408.
ternifolia, Ktli., 408.
tomentosa, Jacq., 408.
Reisekia

smilacina, Endl., 101.
Relbunium, Endl., sect.

Galii, 351.

Remirea

diffusa, Sieb., 530.
marilima, Aubl., 569.
Renealmia

aromatica, Gr., 601.
bracteosa, Gr., 601.
caribcea, Gr., 601.
occidentalis, Gr., 601.
racemosa, Rose., 601.
strobiti/era, Gr., 601.
sglvestris, Gr., 601.
RkstiacezE, 526.

Reynaudia

filiforniis, Kth., 534.
Rhabdadenia
biflora, J. Mull., 415.
Ehrenbergii, J. Mull.,
415.

Sagreei, J. Mull., 415.
Rhachicallis
rupestris, DC., 330.
Rhacoraa

Crossopetalum, L., 146.
Rhamnejs, 99.

Rhamnus

asiaticus, Lam., 101.
colubrinus, L., 100.
ellipticus, Sw., 101.
ferreus, V., 100.
ignaneus, L., 149.
micrantbus, L., 150.
sarcomphalus, L., 100.
sphrerosperams, Sw., 99.
Rheedia

lateriflora, L., 108, corr.
Rhexia

Acisauthera, L., 269.
aquatica, Sw., 268.
chamascistus, Sieb., 267.
dichotoma, Sieb., 267.
inconstans, V., 266.

Rhexia

ornata. Rich., 266.
paludosa, Salzm., 269.
Rhipidopteris
peltata, Sch., 675.
Rhipsalis

Cassytlia, G., 302.
Swartziana, Pf., 302.
Rhizocaepe/E, 644.
Rhizophora
Mangale, L., 274.
racemosa, Meg., 274.
RHXZOPHOREA5, 274.

RhcEo, Hance, sect. Trades-
canti®, 524.

Rhopala, syn. Roupalse,

277.

Rhus

arborea, DC., 126.
arborea, Mac/., 177.
Comiuia, L., 126.
Metopium, L., 175.
Rhynchosia

ffiquiuoctialis, Wp., 191.
carikea, DC., 190.
carib®a, T. G., 190.
latifolia, Nutt., 191.
longeramosa, Mt. Gal.,
191.

macrophylla, DC., 191.
minima, DC., 190.
phaseoloides, DC., 190.
precatoria, DC., 190.
punctata, DC., 190.
reticulata , DO., 190.
sessilifiora, DC., 182.
simplicifolia, DC., 191.
violacea, DC., 191.
Rhyncliospora
aurea, Sieb., 574.
aurea, V., 575.
barbata, Kth., 574.
bromoides, V., 574.
cephalotes, V., 573.
comata, Ik., 574.
cubensis, Gr., 574.
curvata, Gr., 574.
cyperoides, Mart., 574.
ferruginea, Sieb., 573.
filiformis, V., 576.
filiforniis, Sieb., 574.
florida, Dtr., 575.
glauca, V., 574.
globosa, R. S., 574.
gracilis, V., 574.
hirsuta, V., 576.
Uumboldtiana, Gr., 577-
micrantha, V., 576.

TNDEX.

767

Rhynchospora

mill egr ana, Schr., 575.
Persooniana, Gr., 577-
polycephala, Wydl. , 574.
polyphylla , V., 575.
pi ira, Gr., 577-
pusilla, Gr., 576.
seliyera, Gr., 577-
sparsa, Sieb., 576.
spenaodon, Gr., 576.
stellala , Gr., 576.
stenorhyncha, Gr., 575.
surinamensis, Ns., 575.
Vahliana, Gr., 577.
Rliytiglossa, Ns., sect. Dian-
thera;, 455.

androssemifolia, Ns., 455.
geniculata, Ns., 455.
lucida, Ns., 455.
pectoralis, Ns., 455.
reptans, Ns., 455.
secunda, Ns., 455.
sessilis, Ns., 456.
Ricliardsonia
scabra, L., 351.

Rieheria

grandis,V 32.

Rieinus

communis , L., 37.
globosus, W., 43.
inermis, Jacq., 37-
Riedleya, Vent., sect. Melo-
chias, 93.

Berteriana, DC., 95.
crenata, DC., 93.
jamaicensis, DC., 94.
inflata, Macf., 94.
nodiflora, DC., 94.
serrata, Vent., 94.
venosa, DC., 94.
virgultosa, Macf., 94.
Rittera

grandiflora, V., 212.
simplex, V., 212.

Rivea

tiliifolia, Chois., 466.
Rivina

humilis, L., 59.

Icevis, L., 59, corr.
octandra, L., 59.
purpurascens, Schr., 59.
Robinia

florida, V., 183.
sepiurn, Sieb., 200.
sepium, Sw., 199.
violacea, Jacq., 200.
ltocbcfortia

acanthophora, Gr., 482.

Rocbefortia

cuneata, Sw., 482.
ovata, Sio., 482.

Rodriguezia

cocblearis, Lindl., 634.
secunda, Kth., 634.

Rolandra

argentea, Botlb., 53o.
Rolliuia

glaucescens, Miq., 6.
multiflora, Spliiy., 6.
resinosa, Spruce, 6.

Sieberi, A. DC., 6.

Ronabea

latifolia, Aubl., 339.
Rondeletia

americana, L., 327.
arborescens, Gr., 327.
buxifolia, V., 328.
cincta, Gr., 329.
daphnoides, Gr., 327.
elongata, Bartl., 328.
glauca, Gr., 329.
liirsuta , Sw., 327 •
hirta, Sw., 328.
incana , Sw., 328.
laurifolia, Sw., 326.
leevigata, DC., 328.
hevigata, Ait., 326.
leucopliylla , Kth., 325
odorata, Jacq., 328.
pilosa, Sw., 328.

Poitcei, Gr., 328.
polita, Gr., 326.
racemosa, Sw., 326.
stereocarpa, Gr., 327.
thyrsoidea, Sw., 326.
tomentosa, Sw., 326.
trifoliata, Jacq., 326
umbellulata, Macf.,

328

umbellulata, Sw., 328
Rosa

hystrix, Lindl., 231.
leevigata, Mich., 231.
sinica, Ait., 231.

Rosaceas, 231.

Rosea, Mart., sect. Iresi-
nes, 65.

elatior, Mart., 65.
Rossolis, PL, sect. Droserce,

27.

Rottbmllia
dimidiata, Sw., 544.
exaltata, Sw., 558.
stolonifera, Poir., 544.
ltouliuia

Jacquiui, Decs., 418.

Roumea

coriacea, Poit., 21.

Roupala

complicata, Ktli., 27 7 •
montana, Aubl., 277.
Rourea

frutescens, Aubl., 229.
glabra, Kth., 228.
oblongifolia, H. A.,
229.

paucifoliolata, PL, 229.
Rousselia

lappulacea, Gaud., 160.
Rubia

hypocarpia, DC., 351.
guadelupeusis, Spr., 351.
Rubiaceas, 316.

Rubus

alpinus, Macf., 232.
fagifolius, Cham., Schl.,
232.

ferrugineus, Wickstr.,
232.

jamaicensis , Sw., 231.
Rudgea

canbcea, Benth., 339.

PL osimanniana, Benth.,
339.

Rndolphia

dubia, Kth., 193.
rosea , Tuss., 199.

Ruellia

acuminata, Gr., 452.
alopecuroidea, P. Br.,
453.

angustifolia, Sw., 453.
blechioides, Sw., 453.
Blechum, L., 453.
clandestina, L., 452.
geminijlora, Kth., 451.
macrophylla, V., 452.
paniculata, L., 451.
tuberosa, L., 452.
Ruppia

brevipes, Bert., 507-
didyma, Sw., 507.
maritima, L., 506.
Rutace.e, 134.

Ruyschia

Souroubea, W., 110.
Ryania

parviflora, Del., 296.
speciosa, V., 296.
Rytidophyllum
floribunda, III., 460.
grande, Mart., 459.
tomentosum, Mart.,
460.

7GS

INDEX.

Sabal

glaucescens, Lodcl., 514.
mauritiiformis, Gr. W.,
514.

Palmetto, Lodd., 514.
taurina, Lodd., 514.
umbraculifera, Mart., 514.
Sabicea

hirsuta, Ktb., 322.
hirta, Sw., 322.

Sabinea

carinalis, Gr., 183.
florida, DC., 183.
Saccharum

bicorne, Gr., 559.
caudatum, Mey., 561.
contractum, Poit., 561.
dubium, Ktli., 561.
jamaicense, Tr., 561.
officimarum, L., 561.
polyslachyum, Sieb., 557.
polystacbyum, Sw., 557.
violaceum, Tuss., 561.
Saccoglottis

amasonica, Mart., 403.
Saccoloma

elegans, Kaulf., 662.
Imrayana, Hook., 662.
Sacconia

glabra, Endl., 335.
Sadymia
villosa, Gr., 25.

Sagittaria

acutifolia, L., 505.
angustifolia, Lindt., 505.
echinocarpa, Mart., 505.
guianensis, Ktli., 5Q5.
lancifolia, L., 505.
obtusa, W., 505.
ovata, Bed., 505.
sagittifolia, L., 505.
Seubertiana, Mart., 505.
Sagotia, TVp., seat. Desmodii,
186.

trillora, TVp., 186.

Sagraea

acutiflora, Naud., 246.
Berterii, PC., 247.
bracteolata, Macf., 249.
capillaris, PC., 249.
fasciovdaris, PC., 246.
glomerata, Naud., 248.
guadelupensis, PC., 248.
liirsuta, PC., 248.
lilrtella, PC., 249.

Lima, Naud., 249.
Lindeniana, Naud., 248.
micropbylla, PC., 248.

Sagirca

ueurocarpa, Naud., 261.
pilosa, PC., 248.
scabrosa, Naud., 248.
sessiliflora, PC., 248.
sparsiflora, Naud., 246.
umbrosa, PC., 247.
virgata, Mac/., 261.
Salacia

scandens , Gr., 148.
Salicornia

ambigua , Micb., 60.
peruviana, Ktli., 61.
Salicine/e, 112.

Salix

Humboldtiana, W., 113.
Salmea

curvijlora, R. Br., 374.
Eupatoria, PC., 376.
grandiceps, Cass., 375.
hirsuta, DC., 375.
oppositiceps, Cass., 375.
parviceps, Cass., 375.
petrobioides, Gr., 375.
scandens, R. Br., 375.
scandens, PC., 375.
sessilifolia, Gr., 375.
Salmia

palmifolia, W., 513.
Salpiehlasna

volubilis, J. Sm., 673.
Salpinxanthus
coccinens, Eoolc., 454.
Salvadora

surinamensis, Spr., 394.
Salvia

eiliata, Benth., 490.
coccinea, L., 490.
densijiora, Benth., 491.
dominica, Sw., 490.
eriocalyx, Berter., 490.
Mspanica, L., 490.
lamiifolia, Jaeq., 490.
micrantha, V., 490.
obscura, Benth., 490.
occidentalis, Sw., 490.
pseudococcinea, Jacq., 490.
serotina, L., 490.
splendens , Sell., 491.
tenella, Sw., 490.

Saman, Gr., sect. Calliandrce,
225.

Samara

floribunda, W., 393.
lceta, L ., 392.
pentandra, Sw., 393.
Samyda

glabrala, Sw., 24.

Samyda

icosandra, Sw., 22.
nitida, L., 24.
parviflora, L., 23.
pubesceus, L., 25.
rosea, Sims., 525.
serrulata, L., 25.
spinescens, Sw., 24.
spinulosa, Vent., 24.
viUosa, Sw., 25.

Samydeaj, 22.

Sapium

aucuparium, Jacq., 49.
Brownei, II b. B/cs., 49.
cuneatum, Gr., 49.
Hippomane, Mey., 49.
laurifolium, Gr., 49.
SAPINBACEA3, 122.

Sapindus

Forsythii, PC., 126.
glabrescens, Hook., 125.
incequalis, DC., 126.
Saponaria, L., 126.
spinosus, L., 137.

Sapota

Achras, Mill., 399.
rugosa, Gr., 399.
Sideroxylon, Gr., 399.
Sapote/E, 397.

Sappania, PC., sect. Coesal-
pinise, 205.

Sarcoglottis, Prl., sect. Spi-
ranthis, 64.

Sarcomeris, Naud., syn. Mi-
comas, 255.
Sarcomphalus
laurims, Gr., 100.
Sarcostemma

Brownei, Mey., 419.
glaucum, Kth., 419.
Swartzianum, It. S.,
419.

Sarracha, B. P., 435.
Satureja

viminea, L., 489.

Satyrium

plantagineum, L., 643.
Sauroglossum

tenue, Liudl., 642.
Sauvagcsia
elata, Benth., 112.
erecta, L., 112.

Sprengelii, St. Ilil., 112.
serpyllifolia, Mart., 112.
Sauvagesie/E, 112.
Saxifrage/E, 303.

Scmvola

Lobelia, Sw., 388.

INDEX.

769

Scfovola

Plumieri, L., 388.
sencgalensis, Prl., 388.
Thnubergii, Hclcl., 388.
Schtefferia

lateriflora, Sw., 32.
completa, Sio., 146.
frutescens, Jacq., 146.
Schedonorus, Fr., sect.Bromi,
531.

Schilleria

caudata, Kth., 170.
Schizachyrium, Ns., sect.
Andropoginis, 558.
brevifolium, Ns., 558.
condensatum, Ns., 558.
Schizsea

elegans, Sw., 651.
pennula, Sw., 651.
subtrijuga, Mart., 651.
trilateralis, Sclik., 651.
Schizips, Or., sect. Ipomcete,

467.

Schizolepis

latifolla, Ns., 578.
trigonocarpa, Ns., 578.
sylvestris, Ns., 578.
Schlegelia

axillaris, Gr., 445.
lilaciua, Miq., 445.
parasitica, Mrs., 445.
violacea, Gr., 445.
Schleidenia, Endl., sect.
Heliotropii, 486.
filiformis, Pres., 486.
inundata, Fres., 486.
parviflora, DC., 486.
Schmidelia

Cominia, Sw., 126.
glabraia, Kth., 126.
macroearpa, Rich., 177.
nervosa, Rich., 127-
occidenia/is, Sw., 126.
Schuella

excisa, Gr., 214.
sp/endens, Benth., 214.
Schosnobiblus

daphnouies, Mart. Z.,
278.

Schcenus

barbatus, V., 574.
capillaris, Sw., 568.
ccphalotes, Rottb., 573.
ciliatus, Meg., 577.
Cladium, Sw., 573.
cypcroidcs, Sw., 574.
gracilis, Sw., 574.
longirostris, Sieb., 575.

Schoenus

polycephalus, Pers., 574.
polyphyllus, V., 575.
pusillus, Sw., 576.
restioides, Sw., 573.
secans, L„ 578.
setaceus, Rottb., 576.
stellatus, Lam., 577 •
surinamensis, Rottb.,
575.

triceps, V., 574.

Schoepfia

americana, TV., 310.
arborescens, R. S., 310.
chrysophylloides, P1-,
corr.

Marchii, Gr., 310, corr.
Schomburgkia

carinata, Gr., 621.
gloriosa, Bot. Mag.,
621.

undulala, Lindl., 621.
Schradera

capitata, V., 319.
cephalotes, V., 319.
Schrankia

brachycarpa, Benth.,
220.

Schultesia

Tieterophylla, Miq., 423.
stenophylla , Mart., 423.
Schwenkfelda
hirta, Sw., 322.
Sciadophyllum

Brownei, Spr., 306.
capilatum, Gr., 306.
Jacquini, Gr., 306.
Scirpus

amentaceus, Gr., 571.
annuus, All., 572.
annuus, Gr., 572.
autumnalis , L., 571.
briaoides, Sm., 572.
capillaris, L., 572.
capitaius, L., 570.
cariboeus, Gr., 570.
constriclus, Gr., 570.
exiguus, Kth., 569.
ferrugineus,li., 572.
geniculatus, L., 570,
571.

geniculatus, Mey., 571.
geniculatus, Sw., 570.
interstinctus, V., 571.
j unco ides, V., 572.
lithospermus, L., 578.
maculosus, V., 570.

' mi trains, Gr., 570.

Scirpus

mutatus, L., 571.
nodulosus, Rth., 570.
oblusifolius , V., 571.
ocreaius, Gr., 569.
plantagineus, L., 571.
relroflexus, Poir., 569.
spadiceus, L., 572.
subsquarrosus, Muhl.,

572.

tenuifolius, Rudy., 572.
validus, V., 571.
SciTAMINEiE, 600.

Scleria

aruudinacea, Kth., 578.
bracieata, Cass., 579.
capitata, TV., 579.
communis, Kth., 578.
cyanocarpa, Kth., 578.
distans, Poir., 579.
filiformis, Sw., 579.
flagellum, Brag., 578.
hirlella, Sw., 579.
latifolia, Sw., 578.
melaleuca, Rchb., 578.
microcarpa, Ns., 578.
mills, Sw., 578.
pratensis, Lindl., 577-
purpurea, Poir., 579.
reflexa, Kth., 578.
scindens, Ns., 578.
sylvestris, Kth., 578.
Scleropus

amaranloides, Schr., 68.
Scolosanthus

versicolor, V., 335.
Scoparia

dulcis, L., 427.
procumhens, Jacq., 427.
ScK.0PHULAEiNE.a5, 426.
Scutellaria

purpurascens, Sw., 492.
Scutia

ferrea, Brongn., 100.
sarcomphala, Brongn.,
100.

Sebestena, Bill., sect. Cordite,
478.

Secliium

edule, Sw., 286.
Securidula

Brownei, Gr., 30.
erect a, L., 29.

LamarcJcii, Gr., 30.
scandens, Lam., 30.
scandens, 'Puss., 30.
virgala, Sw., 30.

’ virgata, Mar/., 30. •

770

INDEX.

Securidula
virgata, Sieb., 30.
volubilis, L., 30.
Selaginella

albonitens, Sprng., 646.
ciliauricula, Sprng., 646.
confusa, Sprng., 645.
cordifolia, Sprng., 645.
cuspidata, Lk., 645.
denudata, Sprng., 645.
didymostachya, Sprng.,
643.

flabellata, Sprng., 646.
flexuosa, Sprng., 645.
integerrima, Sprng., 645.
Martensii, Sprng., 645.
mnioides, Sprng., 646.
ornitkopodioides, Sprng.,
645.

patula, Sprng., 645.
rotundifolla, Sprng., 645.
sarmentosa, A. Br., 645.
serpens , Sprng., 645.
slolonifera, Sprng., 646.
substipitata, Sprng., 645.
sulcangula, Sprng., 646.
Senebiera

pinnatifida, DC., 14.
Senecio

discolor, DC., 382.
Fadyenii, Gr., 382.
hieracifolius, L., 381.
hieracifolius, Meg., 381.
jamaicensis, DC., 382.
laciniatus, DC., 382.
lucidus , DC., 382.
Swartzii, DC., 382.

Senna, T., sect. Cassias,
209.

Serjania

angustifolia, W., 123.
divaricata, S\v., 123.
equestris, Mac/., 123.
lucida, Sehuin., 123, corr.
Ossana, DC., 123.
paucidentata, DC., 123.
paniculata, Ktk., 123.
sinuata, Schum., 123.
Serophytum, Benth., 44.
Serturnera, Mart., sect. Ire-
sines, 64.
glauca, Mart., 65.
iresinoides, Mart., 65.
Sesamum
indicum, L., 458.
orientate, L., 458.

Sesbania

aculeala, Pers., 184.

Sesbania

cegyptiaca, Pers., 184.
exasperata, Kth., 184.
muricata, Macf., 184.
occidentalis, Pers., 184.
Occidentalis, Gr., 184.
picta, Lindt., 184.
picta, Pers., 184.
punctata, DC., 184.
sericea, DC., 184.
Sesuvium

portulacastrum, L., 57.
Setaria

antillarum, Kth., 555.
biconvexa, Gr., 555.
caudata, It. S., 555.
composita , Kth., 555.
glauca, P. B., 554.
imberbis, It. S., 554.
intermedia, It. S., 554.
italica, P. B., 554.
macrostachya, Kth,., 555.
magna, Gr., 564.
onurus, Gr., 555.
setosa, P. B., 555.
sulcata, Bert., 547.
Yentenatii, Kth., 554.
viridis, P. B., 554.
.vulpiseta, R. S., 555.
Seutera

maritima, Rckb., 418.
Sicklera, Sendtn., syn.Witke-
ringise, 435.

Sicyos

edulis, Jacq., 286.

Sida

abutiloides, Jacq., 79.
abutiloides, Macf., 78.
acuta, Barm., 73.
allinis, Schm., 74.
alba, Cav., 74.
alba, L., 74.
altkseifolia, Sw., 76.
americana, L., 78.
angustifolia, Lam., 74.
arguta, Sw., 75.
asiatica, L., 78.
atrosauguinea, Jacq., 76.
Balbisiana, DC., 73.
Bastardia, DC., 80.
Berteriana, Balb., 73.
bivalvis, Kth., 80.
brachypetala, DC., 73.
capillaris, Cav., 76.
carpinifolia, L., 73.
carpiuil'olia, Bourg., 74.
ciliaris, L., 73.
confcrla. Lie., 76,

Sida

cordifolia, L., 76.
crassifolia, L'Her., 79.
erispa, L., 79.
divergens, Benth., 77.
dombeyana, DC., 75.
dumosa, Sw., 76.
elata, Macf., 79.
emarginata, W., 75.
erecta, Macf, 74.
excelsior, Cav., 77.
filiformis, Jacq., 80.
floribunda, Kth., 7 6.
feetida, Cav., 80.
glabra, Nutt., 73.
glomerata, Cav., 73.
glutinosa, Rich., 75.
hainulosa, Salzm., 76.
herbacea, Cav., 76.
hernandioides. Viler.,
77.

heterosperma, FLochst.,
77.

hiila, Lam., 78.
hondensis, Kth., 75.
jamaicensis, L., 74.
imberbis, DC., 80.
indica, L., 78.
involucrata, Rich., 74.
lauceolata, Rich., 75.
lignosa, Cav., 79.
linifolia, Juss., 76.
Luciana, DC., 77-
madereusis, Lowe, 74.
micans, Cav., 76.
minor, Macf., 74.
mollis, Hb. Bks., 76.
multidora, Cav., 76.
nervosa, DC., 75.
nudiflora, L'Her., 77-
obtusa, Rich., 73.
occidentalis, L., 79.
ovata, Cav., 75.
paniculata, L., 76.
peduncularis, DC., 78.
pcllita, Kth., 76.
periplocifolia, L., 77-
periplocifolia, Macf., 77.
permollis, IV., 78.
philippics, DC., 75.
pilosa, Cav., 75.
populifolia, Lam., 78.
procumbens, Sw., 75.
pnbescens, Cav., 78.
pyramidala, Cav., 75.
retrofracta, DC., 80.
retusa, Cav., 74.
retusa, Am., 75.

INDEX.

771

Sida

rhombifolia , L., 74.
rhombifolia, Roxb., 74.
rotundifolia, Cav., 76.
ruderata, Mac/., 75.
spicata, Cav., 79.
spinosa, L., 74.
stellata, Cav., 77-
stipulata, Cav., 76.
supina, L’Her., 75.
tricuspidata, Cav., 79.
trivialis, Mac/., 73.
truncata, Cav., 76.
truncata, L’ Her., 75.
ulmifolia, Cav., 75,
corr.

unibellata, L., 78.
urens, L., 75.
velutina, E. Met/., 76.
verticillata, Cav., 75.
vesicaria, Cav., 79.
viscosa, L., 80.
viscosa, Mac/., 80.
vitifolia, Cav., 79.
Siderodendron
triflorum, V., 338.
Sideroxyloides

ferrea, Jacq., 338.
Sideroxylon

ctmeatum, A. DC., 401.
Jloribundum, Gr., 399.
fceiidissimum, Jacq.,

400.

mastichodendron, Jacq.,
399.

nigrum, Gr., 400.
pallidum, Spr., 399.
pentagonum, A. DC.,
405.

poiniforme, A. DC., 399.
rugosum, R. S., 399.
Siegesbeckia

flosculosa, Stab., 369.
Silcne

gallica , L., 55.
quinquevulnera, L., 55.
Siliquaria, DC., sect. Cleomes,
15.

Silphium

trilobatum, Z* 371.
Simaba

guiancnsis, PI., 139.
orinocensis, Ktk., 139.
Simaruba

amara, Aubl., 139.
excclsa, DC., 140.
glauca, Kth., 139.
medicinalis, End/., 139.

Simaruba

officinalis, DC., 139.
officinalis, Mac/., 139.
Suiarubead, 139.

Sinapis

brassicata, L., 14.
iutegrifolia, W., 14.
juncea, IE., 14.
lanceolata, DC., 14.
nigra, Desc., 14.

Sipanea

dichotoma, Kth., 329.
pratensis, Aubl., 329.
trichantha, Benih., 329.
Siparuna, Aubl., syn. Citros-
matis, 9.

guiauensis, Aubl., 9.
Siphocampylus

Berterianus , G. Don,
385.

Sipkonanthus
indicus, L., 500.

Siphonia

elastica, Pers., 37.
Sipkouoglossa

sessilis, Oerst., 456.
Sisymbrium

officinale. Scop., 13.
Sisyrinchium

laiifolium, Ait., 589.
Skiophila

melittifolia, Hanst., 462.
pulchella, Hanst., 463.
Slevogtia

occidentals, Gr., 423,
corr.

Sloanea

Aubletii, Sw., 99.
jamaicensis, Hook., 98.
Massoni, Sw., 99.
sinemariensis, Aubl.,
98, 99.

synandra. Spruce, 98.
Smieaceas, 585.

Smilax

acuminata, W., 585.
Balbisiana, Ktli., 586.
celastroides, Kth., 586.
China, Lun., 586.
cuspidata, Gr., 586.
cuspidata, Voir., 586.
dentata, Kth., 586.
domingensis, Schl., 586.
globifcra, Meg., 586.
havanensis , Jacq., 586.
ilostmanuiana, Kth.,
585.

ilicifolia, Kth., 586.

Smilax

macrophylla, W., 586.
oblongata, Sw., 586.
officinalis, Kth., 585.
papyracea, Poir., 585.
pseudochina, var., L.,

586.

Schiedeana, Kth., 586.
Schlechtendalii, Kth.,

586.

subaculeata, Spr., 586.
Surinam ensis, Miq., 585.
viscifolia, Poir., 586.
Solaudra

grandiflora, Poir., 433.
Icevis, Hook-., 433.
longiflora, Tuss., 433.
macrantha, Dun., 433.
minor, Gr., 433.
uitida, Zucc., 433.
Solane.®, 431.

Solanum

acropterum, Gr., 437*
aculealissimum, Jacq.,
442.

Aquartia, Dun., 443.
asperum, V., 438.
asperum, Sieb., 438.
bahamense, L., 440.
brevipilum, Dun., 441.
callicarpifolium , Kth.,

438.

calvefactum, Dan., 440.
campechiense, L., 442.
ciliatum, Lam., 442.
chenopodioides, Desc.,

437.

coccincum, Jacq., 441.
coriaceum, Hook., 439.
crotonoides , Lam., 443.
crotonoides, Sieb., 440.
cuneifolium, Dun.., 441.
demerarense, Dun., 441.
erythrocarpum. May.,

437.

esculentum, Dun., 442.
ferrugineum, Jacq., 441.
flavescens, Dun., 442.
lmvigatum, Kth., 437.
lanceif olium, Jacq., 440.
lentum, Cav., 439.
longepeduuculatum, Bert.,

439.

Lycopersicum, Jacq.,
436.

mammosum , L., 442.
iuclanocarpum, Dun.,
442.

3 i

772

INDEX.

Solatium

Melongena, L., 442.
micracanilios, Latn., 440.
micranthum, W., 437-
myriacanthum, Dan., 442.
negleclum , Dun., 439.
nigrum , L., 437.
nodiflorum, Jacq., 437.
nudum, Kth., 437.
obscurant, Sieb., 440.
obscurum, V., 441.
oleraceum, Dun., 437.
peotinatum, Dun., 441.
Plumieri, Dun., 442.
pnlygamum, V., 442.
Preslei, Dun., 440.
punctulatum, Dun., 437.
racemosum, L., 439.
Radula, V., 43S.
reflexum, Schrlc., 442.
retrofractum, V., 439.
Riehardi, Sieb., 442.
Rodsehiedii, Meg., 441.
rubrum, Mill., 437.
seaborn, V., 440.
Seaforlhianum, -Vudr.,
437.

stamineum, Stead., 440.
stellatum, Jacq., 439.
stranionifolium, Jacq.,
441.

tomentosum, L., 441.
tomentosum, HI., 441.
iorvum, Sw., 441.
toxicarium, Rich., 441.
triste, Jacq., 437.
vaccinifolium. Dun., 439.
venustum, Kth., 437-
verbascifolium, L., 438.
volubile, Sw., 440.

Solena

latifolia, Rudg., 318.
Sommera

grandis, Gr., 326.
Souchus

agrestis, Sw. , 381.
asper, Vill., 385.
oleraceus, L., 384.
Sophoclesia

apnphgsata, Gr., 143.
Sophora

havanensis, Jacq., 203.
monosperma, Sw., 203.
occidentalis, L., 203.
tomentosa, L., 203.
Sorghum

giganteum, Edg., 560.
Dora, Gr., 560.

Sorghum

halepense, Pers., 560.
saccharatum, Pers., 560.
saccharatum, Host., 560.
vulgare, Pers., 560.
Spachea

elegans, Juss., 116.
Ossana, var., Juss.,

116.

perforata, Juss., 116.
Spanauthe

paniculata, Jacq., 307*
Sparganophorus
Vaillanlii, G., 352.
Spatlielia

simplex , L., 140.
glabrescens, PI., 140.
Spathiphylluui

cannifolium, Schtt., 539.
Spathodea

corymbosa. Vent., 449.
Specldinia

emarginata, Lindl., 608.
floribuuda, Lindt., 607.
lanceola, Lindl., 609.
scrtularioides, Lindl.,
609.

Spennera

aquatica, Mart., 268.
asphalti, Gr., 268.
hydrophila, Miq., 268.
Kappleriana, Naud., 268.
laxa, Cr., 268.
martin icensis, Naud., 268.
pellucida, DC., 268.
tetraptera, Miq., 268.
viscida, Miq., 268.
Spergulastrum

lanugiuosum, Mich., 55.
Spermacoce
glabra, Mich., 349.
havauensis, Jacq., 349.
hirta, Jacq., 351.
liirta, Sw., 349.
lsevis, Lam., 349.
longifolia, Benth., 349.
rigida, Kth., 348.
spinosa, Lcejl., 349.
spinosa, Sw., 350.
stricta, L., 349.
strigosa, L., 34<S.
tenuior, Lam., 349.
tenuior, L., 349.
tenuior, Sw., 349.
verticillata, Sw., 350.
villosa, Sw., 351 .
Spermodon

filiformis, Ns., 576.

Spermodon

setaceus, P. B., 576.
Sphrcralcea

abutiloides, Endl., 72.
Sphenoelea

Pongatium, A. DC., 389.
Sphinctolobium

glaucescens, Miq., 200.
Sphyrospermuin

buxifolium, Pajpp., 143.
majus, Gr., 143.

Spigelia

Anthelmia, L., 331.
Spilauthes

at riplici folia, L., 377.
debilis, Kth., 376.
exasperata, Jacq., 376.
oleracea , Jacq., 376.
Salzmanni, DC., 376.
teuella, Kth., 376.
uliginosa, Sw., 376.
urens, Jacq., 376.
Spilauthodia, Gr., sect. Iso-
carphse, 377.

Spiranthes

apiculata, Lindl., 640.
bicolor, Lindl., 641.
elata. Rich., 641.

Gardneri, Lindl., 640.
Hostmanni, G. Rchb., 640.
picta, Lindl., 641.
Scopularice, G. Rchb.,
641.

simplex, Gr., 641.
tortilis, Rich., 640.
Spirocarpaea, DC., sect. He-
licteris, 89.

Spodiopogon

arcuatus, Ns., 560.
latifolius, TV., 560.
Spondjas

cironella, Pass., 175.
cytherea, 2 'ass., 175.
graveolens, Macf., 175
lutea, L., 175.
lutea, Macf., 175.
Monbin, Jacq., 175.
Myrobalanus, Jacq., 175.
purpurea , L., 175.
Spondylautha
aphylla, Prl., 102.

Sponia

Lamarclciana, Decs., 150.
micrantha, Decs., 150.
mollis, Decs., 150, corr.
Sporobolus

domingensis, Kth., 533.
elougatus, R . Br., 533.

INDEX.

773

Sporobolits

Jacquemontii, Kth., 533.
indicus, 11. Br., 533.
tilora/is, Kth., 533.
purgans , Kth., 533.
purpurascens, Ham., 533.
tenacissimus, P. B., 533.
virginicus, Kth., 533.
Stachys

arvensis, L., 491.
patens, Sic., 4S9.
Stachvtarpha
cayennensis , W., 494.
jamaicensis, V., 494.
indica, V., 494.
mutabilis, V., 494.
prismatica, V., 493.
strigosa , V., 494.
Stanhopca

grandiflora, Lindl., 631.
Staphidiastrum, Naud. sect.
Clidemim, 248.
attenuatum, Naud., 248.
Berterii, Naud., 247 •
Bonplandii, Naud., 248.
fasciculare, Naud., 246.
latifolium, Naud., 247-
pilosum, Naud., 248.
rubrinerve, Naud., 248.
rubrum, Naud., 248.
umbrosum, Naud., 247.
Staphidinm, Naud., sect. Cli-
demiae, 247.
elegans, Naud., 247.
lanatnin, Naud., 250.
latifolium, Gr., 247.
paucillorum, Naud., 247.
spicatum, Naud., 247.
umbrosum, Gr., 247.
Wilsonii, Naud., 247-
Staphylea

corymbosa, Sw., 128.
occidentalis, Sw., 128.
Staphyeeaceas, 128.
Starkea

umbellata, W., 383.

Statice

bahamensis, Gr., 389.
bellidifolia, Goaun, 389.
caspia, "W., 389.

Stelis

foliosa, Hook., 628.
tnicranl/ia, Sw., 611.
ophioglossoides, Sw., 611.
ophioglossoides, Sieb., 611.
scabrida, LindL, 611.
Stcllaria

elongata, Null., 55.

Stellaria

lanuginosa, T. G., 611.
i media , Vill., 55.
Stemmodon, Gr., sect. Wede-
liie, 371.

Stemodia

arenaria, Kth., 429.
duravtifolia, Sw., 429.
maritime, L., 429.
parviflora, Ait., 429.
Steraonacanthus

coccineus, Gr., 452.
fulgidus, Gr., 452.
Ilumboldtianus, Ns., 452.
macroplvyllus. Ns., 452.
Stenactis, Cass., sect. Erige-
rontis, 365.

Stenia

pallida , Lindl., 629.
Steniuda, Gr., sect. Sidtc, 76.
Stenocalyx

ligustrinus, By., 239.
Michelii, By., 239.
Pseudopsidium, Bg.,
242.

Stenochkena
japurensis , Gr., 674.
longifo/ia, J. Sm., 674.
sorbifolia, J. Sm., 674.
Stenolobium

cosruteum, Benth., 195.
Stenoloma, Fee, sect. Daval-
life, 661.

Stenoptera

ananassocomos, G. Rehb.,
640.

Stenorrhynchus

aphyllns, Lindl., 642.
lanceolatus, Rich., 642.
orchioides, Rich., 642.
orchioides, Lindl., 642.
speciosus, Rich., 642.
Stenostomum

acutalum, DC., 334.
bifurcatwn, DC., 333.
coriaceum, Gr., 334.
lucidum, Gr., 334.
myrtifolium, Gr., 334.
nitidum, DC., 333.
resinosum, Gr., 334.
viscosum, Gr., 334.
Stcnotaphrium

americanum, Schrk.,
544.

Stephania

elliptica, DC., 20.
Stephanium, Gr., sect. Pali-
couriuj, 346.

Stepkanotrichum, Naud., sect.

Clidemisc, 246.

Sterculia

acuminata, P. B., 90.
caribaa, R. Br., 90.
carthaginensis , Cav., 89.
Ivira, Sw., 90.
Sterculiaceas, 89.
Steriphotna

elliptica, Spr., 20, corr.
Sterrhanthemum, Gr., sect.
Salmeae, 375.

Stevensia, Poit., sect. Ron-
deletite, 328.
buxifolia, Foil., 328.
Stigmaphyllon

adenodon, Juss., 118.
ciliatum, Juss., 118.
convolvulifolium, Juss.,
118.

diversifolium, Juss., 119.
emarginatum, Juss., 118.
fulgens, Juss., 118.
perip/ocifolium, J uss.,

119.

puberum, Juss., 118.
retieulatum, Juss., 119.
Sagraanum, Juss., 119.
Stilagmella

Ilrernatoxylon, PL, 32.
Stillingia

laurifolia, Rich, 49.
Strempelia, Benth., sect. Psy-
chotrisc, 344.

Strepsis, Nutt., sect. Tilland-
siae, 598.

Streptogyne

criniia , P. B., 528.
Strophocaulos, Bon, sect.

Convolvuli, 473.
Strumpfia

marilima, Jacq., 336.
Struthanthus, Nutt., sect.

Lorauthi, 311.
Stryclmodaphne
Jlonbunda, Gr., 283.
Stryehnos

rondelelioides. Sprue., 407-
trinilensis, Gr., 407-
Sturmia

elliptica, G. ltchb., 612.
Stylosanthes
glutinosa, Kth., 188.
humilis, Rich., 188.
mucronata, W., 188.
procumbens, Sw., 188.
viscosa, Sw., 188.

Sty k ace/e, 402.

774

INDEX.

■Sty rax

glaber, Sw., 403.
guianensis, A. DC., 403.
occidentalis, Sw., 403.
Suriaua

marilima, L., 58.

Surubea

Aubletii, Meg., 110.
Svvartzia

apetala, ltadd., 212.
caribeea, Gr., 212.
grandijlora, W., 211.
ochnacea, DC., 212.
pinnata, W., 212.
simplicifolia, IV., 212.
Sweetia, DC., sect. Galactim,
194.

filiforinis, DC., 194.
longifolia, DC., 194.
Swietenia

■ Mahagoni, L., 131, corr.
Syagrus

arrtara, Mart., 522.
Symplionia

globulifcra, L., add.
Sympbysia

guadelupensis, Kl., 144.
niartinicensis, Del., 144.
Symplocos

Ciponima, L’Her., 403.
martinicensis, Jacq., 403.
oclopetala, Sw., 403.
SvNANTIIKKE/E, 352.
Synechites, Gr., sect. Ecbitis,
414.

Synedrella
nodiflora, G., 377-
Syngala, Gr., sect. Polygalse,
28.

Syngouium

aurilum, Schtt., 511.
Pkimicrii, Sch., 511.
■Syzygium

Jambolanum, DC., 235.

Tabebuia, Gom., sect. Teco-
mce, 446.

haemantha, DC., 447-
rufinervis, DC., 449.
tripbylla, DC., 446.
Tabernremontana
alba, Rich., 409.
cilrtfolia, Jacq., 409.
citrifolia, Mill., 409.
discolor, Sw., 409.
laurifolia, L., 409.
psycholriifolia , Kill.,
409.

Tabeniteraontana
undulata, V., 409.
Wullschltegelii, Gr. 409.
Tachigalta

campestris, Aubl., 561.
Tacsonia

sanguinea , DC., 296.
Tceniocarpu m

articulatum, Desv., 193.
T»nitis

anguslifolia, K. Br., 671.
f areata, W., 671.
lanceolata, 11. Br., 671.
linearis, Kaulf., 672.
Talauma

Flumieri, DC., 3.

Talinum

crassifolinm, IF., 56.
fruticosum, Mac/., 57.
fruticosura, IV., 56.
patens, W., 57.
triangulare, W., 56.
Tamarindus
indica, L., 213.
occidentalis, Gr., 213.
Tamonea

verbenacea, Sw., 493.
Tantecium

albiflorum, DC., 450.
crucigerurn. Seem., 450.
exsertum, Gr., 450.
Jaroba, Sw., 450.
paniculatum, Sieb., 446.
parasiticnm, Sw., 445.
Tapogamtea, DC., sect. Ce-
phaelidis, 346.
tomentosa, Aubl., 346.
Taraxacum

officinale, Vill., 384.

Tax us

lancifolia, Wickstr., 504.
Tecoma

Berterii, DC., 446.
capensis, Liudl., 448.
Leucoxylon, Mart., 447.
pentaphylla, DC., 447.
platyantha, Gr., 447.
sambucifulia, Ktli., 448.
serratifolia, Don, 447-
speclabilis, PI., 447-
stans, Juss., 447-
Telanthera, R. Br., sect. Al-
ternantherce, 67-
brasiliaua, Moq., 64.
crucis, Moq., 67-
dentata, Moq., 64.
ficoidea, Moq., 67.
maritima, Moq., 67.

Telanthera

martinicensis, Moq., 67.
multicaulis, Moq., 64.
polyganoides, Moq., 67.

Teliostachya

alopecuroidea, Ns., 453.

Tephrodes, DC., sect. Verno-
ni», 353.

Tephrosia

adscendens, Mac/., 182.
brevipes, Benth., 182.
caribsea, DC., 183.
cinerea, Pers., 182.
grandijlora, Pers., 182.
leptostachya, DC., 182.
litoralis, Pers., 182.
mollis, Kth., 183.
procumbens, Mac/., 182.
Schiedeaua, Schl., 182.
toxicaria , Pers., 182.

Teramnns

labialis, Spr., 193.
uncinatus , Sw., 193.
volubi/is, Sw., 193.
volubilis, Mac/., 193, 194.

Tkiucbinthace.-e, 173.

Terminalia

arbuscula, Sw., 276.
Catappa, L., 276.
latifolia, Sw., 276.

Ternatea, DC., sect. Clitoris;,
192.

Ternstrcemia

brevipes, DC., 103.
clusiifo/ia, Kth., 103.
crenata, Mac/., 403, corr.
dentata, Sieb., 104.
elliptica, Sw., 103.
lineata, DC., 103.
meridionalis, Sw., 103.
meridionalis, IV., 103.
obovalis, Rich., 103, corr.
peduncularis, DC., 103.
salicifolia, DC., 104.

Teiinstiuemiaceje, 103.

Tetracera

asperula, Miq., 2.
cuspidata, Meg., 3.
jamaicensis, DC., 2.
ovah/o/ia, DC., 2.
Pceppigiaua, Schl., 2.
volubilis, L., 2.

Tetracoccus, Gr., sect. Bcu-
rerire, 482.

Tctradiospyros, A. DC., sect.
Diospyri, 404.

Tctramerium

raccmulosum, Ns., 456.

INDEX.

775

Tetrainicra

montana, Gr., 622.
parviflora, Liudl., 622.
rigida, Liudl., 622.
Tetrantbus

lilora/is , S\v., 368.
.ruderalis, Gr., 369.
Tetrapteris

citrifolia, Sw., 121.
discolor , DC., 121.
intsqualis , Cav., 121.
trinitatis, Jitss., 121.
Tetratome, Pcepp., Endl.

. syn. Molliuedi®, 9.
Tctrazygia

angustiflora, Gr., 254.
angustifolia, DC., 258.
cornifolia, Gr., 255.
discolor, DC., 255.
elreagnoides , DC., 255.
elfeagnoides, Hook., 254.

. Eadyeni, Hook., 264.
hispida, Mac/., 251.
lasiflora, Naud., 255.
semicrenata, Gr., 255.
tetrandra, DC., 262.
Teucrium

cubense , L., 492.
inflation , Sw., 492.
Thalassia

testudinum, Koeu., 507.
Thalia

geniculata , L., 605.
Thalianthus, Kl., syn. Myros-
matis, 604.

Theobroma
Cacao, L., 91.

Guazuma, L., 90.
Theophrasta

longifolia, Jacq., 397.
-Thespcsia

populnea, Cav., 87.
Thevetia

neriifolia, Juss., 407.
Thibaudia

latifolia, Gr., 143.
Thieleodoxa, Cham., syn.

Cordier®, corr.

Thiodia

■leetioides, Gr., 22.
serrala, Endl., 22, corr.
Thouinia

discolor, Gr., 127.
nervosa, Gr., 127.
irifoliata, Poit., 127.
lomentosa , DC., 127.
Thrasya

hirsuta, Ns., 540.

Thrinax

argentea, Lodd., 515.
barbadensis, Lodd., 515.
elegans, lit., 515.^
excelsa, Lodd., 515.
parviflora, Sw., 515.
parviflora, Mart., 515.
parviflora, Mage., 515.
pumilio , Lodd., 515.
radiata, Lodd., 513.
Thuubergia

fragrans, Roxb., 458.
Ti-iymI’.liwE, 278.

Thymus

Brownei, Sw., 489.
Tbyrsacanthus

Hookerianus, Ns., 454.
nitidus, Ns., 454.
Thyrsauthus

brasiliensis, Gr., 412.
Wilsonii, Gr., 412.
Tiaridium, Lehm., sect. He-
liotropii, 485.
indicnm, Lehm., 485.
Tigarea

aspera, Desc., 2.

Tilesia

capitata, Meg., 372.
Tiliace/E, 95.

Tillaudsia

aloifolia, Hook., 596.
angustifolia, Sw., 595.
axillaris , Gr., 597-
Balbisiana, Sch., 595.
Bertcroana, Sch., 595.
bulbosa, Hoolc., 596.
canescens , Sw., 595.

. comosa, Bert., 596.
compressa, Bert., 595.
excelsa, Gr., 597.
fusciculata, Sw., 595.
fle.vuosa, Sw., 596.
flexuosa, var., Lindl., 596.
foliosa , Gr., 597-
giganlea, Gr., 597.
g/utinosa, Mart., 597.
havanensis, Jacq., 595.
laxa, Gr., 596.
lingulata, L., 599.
nitida, Hook., 599.
nutans, Sw., 599.
paniculata, L., 595.
penduliflora, Gr., 597.
pityphylla, Mart., 598.
polystaebya, Jacq., 595.
pruinosa, Sw., 596.
pu/chcl/a, Hook., 598.
recurvata, L., 598.

Tillaudsia

serrata, L ., 599.
setacea, Sw., 595.
setacea, Hook., 595.
splendens, Brongn., 597.
tejiuifolia, Jacq., 596.
tenuifolia, L., 595.
usneoides, L., 598.
utneu/ata, L., 596.
Timonius, Humph., 326.
Timutua, DC., sect. Poly-
gal®, 27.

Tin us

occidentalis, L., 141.
Tobinia

acuminata, Desv., 137.
coriacea, Desv., 137-
emarginata, Desv., 137.
punctata, Gr., 137-
spinosa, Desv., 137 -
ternata, Desv., 136.
Touina

fluviatilis, Aubl., 527.
Tonsella

malpighifolia, Meg., 148.
Tontelia

scandens, Aubl., 14S.
Touruel’ortia

aslrotricha, DC., 483.
bicolor, Sw., 483.
canbcea, Gr., 484.
coryrabosa, Sieb., 483.
cgmosa, L., 483.
cymosa, Gr., 483.
cymosa, Jacq., 483.
ferruginea, Lam., 484.
fl/iflora, Gr., 483.
feetidissima, W., 483.
feetidissima, Desc., 483.
feetidissima, L., 483.
gnaphalodes, R. Br., 483.
hirsutissima , L., 483.
incana , Lam., 455.
lffivigata, Lam., 483.
laurifolia, Vent., 484.
membranacea, DC., 484.
micropbylla, Bert., 484.
mierophylla, Desc., 484.
miuuta, Bert., 485.
po/gochros, Spr., 485.
psilostachga, Kth., 484.
psilostachya, var., DC.,
484.

punctata, Spr., 484.
Sagrroaua, A. DC., 484.
scricea, V., 485.
slaminea, Gr., 484.
strigosa, And., 484.

776

INDEX.

Tournefortia
surinamensis, A. DC.,
484.

syriugifolia, Miq., 484.
syringifolia, V., 484.
tomeniosa, Mill., 485.
volubilis, L., 484.

Tovaria

pendula, R. P., 17-
Tovamita

amazonica, Wp., 106.
havetioides, Gr., 106, corr.
Ptumieri, Gr., 106,
corr.

Tovomitopsis, PL Tr., syn.

Chrysochlamydis, corr.
Tradescantia

cordifolia, Sw., 524.
discolor , Sw., 524.
divaricata, V., 523.
effnsa, Mart., 523.
elongata , Mey., 524.
lloribunda, Kth., 523.
geniculata , Jacq., 523.
guianeuiii, Miq., 524.
monandra, Sw., 524.
multiflora, Sw., 524.
procumbeus, IF., 524.
umbellata, V., 524.
Zanonia, Sw., 523.

Tragia

corniculata, V., 49.
volubilis, L., 48.
Tragularia, Gr., sect. Piso-
nite, 70.

Tragii3

Berteroanus, Sek., 557.
occidentals, Ns., 557-
Triads

microphylla, Gr., 297, cf.
corr.

Trianosperma, Marl., older
name for Cionandra,
corr.

Triantkcma

monogynum, L., 58.
Tribolacis
juncea, Gr., 297-
Tribulus

cisloides, L., 134.
discolor, Mac/., 134.
maximus, L., 134.

Tricera

citriiblia, W., 31.
fasciculala, Gr., 31.
Iccvigata, Sw., 31.
Trichachne

saccliariflora, Ns., 557.

Trichelostylis

mucrouulata, Torr., 571.
Rudgcana, Ns., 571.
Trichilia

diversifolia, Juss., 130.
glabra, L., 130.
glabra, Mac/., 130.
hirta, L., 129, corr.
hirta, Sw., 129.
membrauacea, Mac/.,
130.

moschata, Sw., 130.
moschata, var., 1)C., 130.
odorata, Andr., 130.
pallida, Juss., 130.
pallida, Sw., 130.
pteleilolia, Juss., 130.
Sloanei, Macf., 129.
spondioides, Sw., 129.
spondioides, Jacq., 129.
termiaalis, Jacq., 1 29.
triniteusis, Juss., 130.
Tricholsena
insularis, Gr., 557.
saccharoides, Gr., 557-
Trichomanes

accedens, Prl., 653.
alatum, Sw., 654.
ambiguum, Sieb., 656.
anceps, Hook., 656.
angustissimum, Prl., 656.
Ankersii, Park., 655.
apodum, PI. G., 657-
atteuuatum, Hoo/c., 654.
Bancroftii, Hook., 655.
brachypus , Kz., 655.
brasiliense, Desv., 655.
brevisetnm, i?. Br., 656.

. capillaceum, L., 656.
criniium, Sw., 654.
crispum, L., 654.
crispum, Hedw., 653.
cristaturn, Kz., 654.
cristatum, Prl., 653.
cunciforme, Sc/ik., 656.
elegans, Rudg., 653.
emarginatum, Prl., 655.
europceum, Sm., 656.
fastigialum, Sieb., 653.
iioribundum. Hook., 653.
floribundum, llunib.,
653.

liirsutum, L., 659.
holopterum, Kz., 655.
Hookeri, Prl., 657.
hymenoidos, Iledw., 657.
Kau/fussii, 11. G., 654.
Kraussii, 11. G., 656.

Trichomanes

leptophyllutn, Bscli., 655.
Lindeni, Prl., 056.
lucens, Sw., 654.
macroclados, Kz., 656.
Martcnsii, Prl., 654.
membranaceum, L., 658.
muscoides, PI. G., 657.
rnuscoides, IF., 657.
pellucens , Kz., 653.
pennatum, Kaulf., 653.
pilosum, Radd., 653.
pinuatitidum, Bsch., 656.
pinnatum, Pledw., 653.
Plumula, Prl., 653.
Prieurei, Kz., 656.
ptilodes, Bsch., 654.
punctatum, Poir., 657.
pusillum, Sw., 656.
pyxidiferum, L., 655.
pyxidiferum, H. G., 655.
quercifoUum, Hook., 057.
radicals, Sw., 655.
reptans, Sw., 657.
reptans, H. G., 657.
reptans, Kz., 656, 657.
rigidum, S., 656.
scandens, L., 656.
scandens, Hedw., 656.
sinuosum, Rich., 655.
Sloanei, Kz., 656.
speciosum, W., 656.
sphenoides, Kz., 657.
spicatum, Hedw., 652.
teuellum, Hedw., 656.
trichoideum , Sw., 656.
Trichosanthes

corniculata, Lam., 289.
pomifonnis, Mac/., 288.
luberosa, IF., 289.
Trichosorus, Liebm., syn.

Lophosoruc, 703.
Trichostigma

rivinoidcs, Rich., 59.
Trifolium
Jili for me, L., 181.
procumbcns, Soy., 181.
repens, L., 181.
Trigonidium

monophyllum, Gr., 629.
obtusion, Liudl., 629.
Trilix

crucis, Gr., 21.
gtandulosus, Domb., 22.
Triouastrum, Gr., sect, lli-
bisci, 84.

Triopteris

discolor, Mey., 121.

INDEX.

777'

Triopteri9

havaneusis, Kth., 120.
jamaicensis, L., 120.
jamaicensis, Sw., 1 20.
lucida, Kth., 120.
ova/a, Lam., 120.
parviflora, Juss., 120.
rigida , Sw., 120.

Triphasia

Irifo/iata, DC., 132.
Tripterella

capitate, Mich ., 606.
Tripsacum

hermaphroditum, L., 556.
monostaeliyum , W., 557.
Trithrinax

mauritiiformis, Karst.,
514.

Triumfetta

althceoides, Lam., 96.
angulata, Lam., 96.
grandiflora, V., 96.
grossularifolia, Rich., 96.
havanensis, Kth., 96.
heterophylla, Lam., 96.
hispida, Rich., 96.
Lappula, L., 95.
macrophylla, Vent., 95.
ovata, LG., 96.
polyandra, LC., 97.
rhombifolia, Sw,, 96.
rlwmhoidea, Jacq., 96.
semitriloba , L., 96.
semilriloba, Prl., 96.
ulmifolia, Lesv., 96.

Trixis

frulescens, P. Br., 383.
scabra, W., 367.
terebinthaeea, Sic., 368.
Trizeuxis

falcala, Lindl., 636.
Trommsdorffia, Mart., sect.
I resines, 65.
aurata, Mart., 65.

Trophis

americana, L., 153.
Tschudya

asperiuscula, LG., 250.
berbiceana, 6r., 250.
ibaguensis, Gr., 250.
lanata, Gr., 250.
rufescens, DC., 250.
spondytanlha , Gr., 251.
slrigillosa, Gr., 250.

Tu pa

acuminata, A. DC., 386.
assurgens, A. DC., 387.
caudata, Gr., 386.

Tnpa

cirsiifolia, A. DC., 387.
congiobata, A. DC., 387-
digilali folia, Gr., 387.
ensifolia, A. DC., 386.
Jlavescens, A. DC., 386.
infesta, Gr., 387.
marlagon, Gr., 386.
persicifolia , A. DC., 387.
racemosa, A. LG., 387-
robusta, A. DC., 387.
soncliifolia, Gr., 388.
stricta, A. LC., 388.

Turn era

cistoides, L., 298.
microphylla, Lesv., 297.
parviflora, Benth., 297.
Pumilea, L., 297.
ulmifolia, L., 296.
Turneraceju, 296.

Turpinia

occidentalis, Don, 128.
pauiculata, Vent., 128.
Tussaeia, Kl., syn. Catop-
sidis, 599.
nitida, Beer., 599.

Tussaeia

pulchella, Rehb., 463.
TussOago

albicans, Sw., 383.
dentata, L., 383.
nutans, L., 383.
pumila, Sw., 383.

Typha

angustifolia, L., 512.
latifolia, Meg., 513.
Typhaceje, 512.

Typhalea, LC., sect. Pavo-
niffi, 82.

Tyria, Kl., 45.

Ulanthe

grandiflora. Hook., 643.
Ulex

europceus, L., 180.
Ulolobus, LC., sect. Guet-
tardee, 333.
Umbf.li.ii'ehrd, 307-
Unguis-cati, Benth., sect. Pi-
thecolobii, 226.

Unona

acutiflora, Lun., 6.
leptopctala, Lun., 7.
odorata, Lun., 7-
undulata, Lun.r 7.
xylopioides, Lun., 6.
Uranthera

dicranophora, Naitd., 296.

Uranthera

recurva, Naud., 269.
Urechites, J. Mull., sect.
Echitidis, 415.
snberecta, J. Mull., 416,
Urena

americana, L., 81.
americana, Sw., 81.
lobata, L., 81.
microcarpa, LC., 81.
paradoxa, Kth., 81.
reticulata, Cav., 81.
ribesia, Sm., 81.
sinuata, L., 81.
sinuata, Sw., 81.

Swartz'i, LC., 81.

Swartzii, Macf., 81.
Swartzii, Rich., 81.
typhalea, L., 82.
viminea, Cav., 81.

Urera

baccifera, Gaud., 155.
caracasana. Gaud,, 154.
crassifolia, Wedd., 155.
elata, Gr., 154.
expansa, Gr., 155.
Jacquini, Wedd., 154.
microcarpa, Wedd., 155.
sinuata, Wedd., 154.
spicata, Wedd., 155.
Urostigma, Gasp., sect. Pici,
150.

crassinervium, Miq., 150.
Gardnerianum, var., Miq.,

150.

laevigatum, Liebm., 151.
laimfolium, Gr., 151.
laurifolium, Miq., 150.
lentiginosum, Liebm.,

151.

pedunculatum, Miq., 152.
pertusnm, Miq., 152.
populneum, Miq., 151.
trigonatum, Gr., 150.
trigonatum, Miq., 151.
Urtica

ffistuans, Jacq., 154.
sestuans, Sieb., 154.
alnifolia, Poir., corr.
baccifera, L., 155.
caracasana, Jacq., 154.
ciliata, Sw., 158.
cylindrica, L., 160.
depressa, Sw., 158.
diffusa, Sw., 159.
divergens, Meg., 154.
elata, Sw., 154.
expansa, Sw., 155.

778

INDEX.

Urtica

grandifolia, L., 157.

. grandifolia, Sw., 159.
herniarioides, Sw., 155.

. involucrata, Sims., 159.
lauceolata, Poir., 156.
lappulacea, Sw., 160.
laxa, Sw., 159.
lucida, Sw., 156.
inicrophylla, Sw., 155.
nudicaulis, Sw., 156.
nummularifolia, Sw.,
158.

Parietaria, L., 156.
pumila, Euphr., 159.
radicans, Siv., 158.
repons, Sw., 158.
reticulata, Sw., 160.
rufa, Sw., 157.
semidentata, Poir., 157.
serrulata, Sw., 156.
sessiliflora, Sw., 157.
.trianthemoides, Sw., 155.
variegata, Spr., 157.
UiiTiCACK-as, 149.
Utricularia
alpina, L., 390.

. amethystine/,, St. Hil.,
391.

angustifolia, Benj., 391.
coccinea, Benj., 392.
foliosa, L., 392.

. globularifolia, var., Benj.,
391.

grandiflora, Pers., 390.
leptantha, Benj., 391.
modesta, A. DC., 390.
montana, Jacq., 390.
myriocysla, St. Hil.,
391.

. nervosa, Benj., 391.
obovata, Miq., 391.
obtusa, Sw., 391.
oligosperma, Benj., 391.
palatina, Web., 392.
pusilta, V., 391.
spathulata, Splitg., 391.
subulata, L., 391.
utiifolia, R. P., 390.
versicolor, Benj., 891.
Uvaria

laurifolia, Sw., 7.
virgala, Sw., 7.

Vaccinium

Iinrayi, Uoolc., 144.
guadelupeiiBC, Sw., 144.
meridionale, Sw., 144.

Vaccinium

smilacifolium, Gr., 144.
Vachellia, W. A., sect. Aca-
cieo, 221.

Farnesiana, W. A., 222.
Valantia

bypocarpia, L., 351.

Vallesia

dichotoma, R. P., 408.
glabra, Cav., 408.

Vandellia

diffusa, L., 430.

Vanilla

anaromatica, Gr., 638.
aromatica, Lindl., 638.
aromatica, Sw., 638.
claviculata, Sw., 638.
claviculata, Lindt., 638.
guianensis, Splitg., 638.
planifolia, Andr., 638.
sativa, Scliied., 638.
Varronia, DC., sect. Cordite,
478.

alba, Jacq., 478.
bullata, Sw., 481.
calyptrata, DC., 478.
curassavica, Bert., 480.
curassavica, Sw., 480.
dasycephala, Desv., 481.
globosa, L., 481.
humilis, Jacq., 481.
lineata, L., 480.
lineata, Sw., 481.
macrostacbya, R. P-, 480.
martinicensis, Jacq., 480.
monosperma, Jacq., 480.
Vaupellia

calycina , Gr., 460.

Verbena

jamaicensis, L., 494.
lappulacea, L., 493.
mutabilis, Jacq., 494.
noditlora, L., 494.
prismatica, L., 493.
stoechadi folia, L., 495.
urticifolia, L., 493.
VERBENACIiiE, 492.
Verbesina

alata, L., 374.
alba, L., 370.
gigantea, Jacq., 374.
mutica, L., 377-
nodiflora, L., 377.
pinnatiflda, Sw., 374.
Verbesinaria, DC., sect. Ver-’
besince, 374.

Verhuellia

elegaus, Miq,, 165.

Verhuellia

serpens, Miq., 165.
Vernonia

acuminata, Less., 353.
arborescens, Sw., 353.
argyrophylla. Less., 353.
bahamensis, Gr., 352.
Berteriana, DC., 353.
centriflora, Lk., 353.
cinerea, Less., 353.
divaricata, Less., 353.
divaricata, Sw., 353.
emarginata, Wickstr .,

354.

fruticosa, Sw., 354.
gracilis. Kth., 354.
icosantha, DC., 353.
longifolia, Pers., 353.
punctata, Sw., 353.
riyida , Sw., 354.

Sagrseana, DC., 354.
scorpioides, Pers., 353.
Thomas, Benth., 352.
tomentosa, Ns., 353.
tricholepis, DC., 354.
Vahliana, Less., 353.
Veronica

serpy/lifolia, L., 428.
Vetiveria

arundinacea, Gr., 559.
muricata, Gr., 560.
Viburnum

alpiuum, Mac/., 315.
glabratum , Kth., 315.
viltosum, Sw., 315.

Vicia

sativa, L., 189.

Vigna

glabra, Sav., 195.
luteo/a, Benth., 195.
unguiculata, Wp., 196.
venllata. Rich., 195.
villosa, Sav., 195.

Vilfa, P. B., syn. Sporo-
boli, 533.

aspera, P. B., 533.
domingensis, Tr., 533.
juucea, Tr., 533.
litoralis, P. B., 533.
luxurians, Stead., 533.
virginica, P. B., 533.
Villamilla, R. P., sect. Rivi-
nce, 59.

Villarsia

Ilumboldtiana, Kth.,
426.

Vinca

lutea, L., 415.

INDEX.

779

Vinca

rosea, L., 410.
Vincetoxicum

leplocladum, Desc., 418.
Viola

hybanthus, Aubl., 26.
stipularis, Sw., 26.
tricolor, L., 26.

VlOLACEiE, 25.

Virola, Aubl., sect. Myristi-
cee, 8.

Virgaria, Tr., sect. Pauici,
546.

Viscum

auceps, Spr., 814.
Berterianum, DC., 313.
cirpressoides, Mac/., 315.
dichotomum, Spr., 314.
flagelliforme, Besc., 315.
hexastichum, BC'., 513.
flavens, Mac f, 314.
Havens, Sic., 313.
gracile, BC., 315.
jamaicense, Macf., 314.
Kunthianum, BC., 314.
latifolium, Lam., 314.
latifolium, Sw., 314.
leptostacbyum, BC., 314.
macro phyllum , Ma cf . ,

313.

macrostacbyum, Jacq.,

314.

martiniccnse, BC., 314.
mucronatum, DC., 314.
myrtilloides, TV., 314.
opuntioidcs, BC., 315.
pnrpureum, L., 312.
rubrum, L., 314.
sanruroides, BC., 314.
terelicaule, BC., 314.
tetragouum, BC., 314.
tetragonum, Rapp., 314.
trincvvium, Lam., 314.
verticillatum, L., 314.
Vismia

angusta, Miq., 111.
cayennensis, Pers., 111.
ferrucjinea, Kth., 111.
latifotia, Kth., 111.
macrophylla, Salzm., Ill
panamensis, Miq., 111.
Yitex

capitata, V., 502.
divaricata, Sw., 502.
umbrosa, Sw., 502.

Vitis

caribaa, DC., 102.
indica, Sw., 103.

Vitis

labusca, Besc., 103.
Vitis-idsea, Kth., sect. Vacei-
nii, 144.

Vittaria

lanceolata, Sw., 672.
lin eat a, Sw., 67 1.
Volkameria

acnleata, L., 500.
japonica, Jacq., 500.
Voucapoua

americana, Aubl., 202.
Voyria

corymbosa, Splitg., 426.
mexicava, Gr., 425.
tenel/a, Guild., 425.
triniiensis, Gr., 425.
unijlora, Lam., 425.

Vriesea, Lincll., sect. Tilland-
sise, 596.

conferta, Gaud., 597 •
gigantea, Gaud., 597.
glutinosa, Lindl., 597.

Wadapus, Moq., sect. Gom-
phrense, 63.

Wageneria, Kl., sect. Bego-
niae, 305.

Wallenia

augulata, Jacq., 394.
clusiifolia, Gr., 394.
laurifolia, Sw., 394.
laurifolia, Balb., 394.
venosa , Gr., 394.

Waltheria

americana, L., 95.
angustifolia, Kth., 95.
arborescens, Cav., 95.
elliptica, Cav., 95.
glabra, Poir., 95.
indica, L., 95.
ltevis, Schrk., 95.
microphylla, Cav., 95.
ovata, Cav., 95.
Warszewiczella

cocblcaris, G. Rchb.,
629.

Warszewiczia

coccinea, Kl., 325.
Schomburgkiaua, Kl., 325.
Wedelia

acapulcensis, Kth., 372.
afliuis, BC., 372.
arnbigua, DC., 372.
antiguensis, Nichols., 372.
buplithalmoides, Gr., 372.
calycina, Rich., 372.
caracasana, DC., 371-

Wedelia

carnosa, Rich., 371-
crenata, Rich., 371 •
frutescens, Jacq., 372.
frutescens, Sieb., 372.
gracilis, Rich., 371.
reticulata, DC., 372.
Sieberi, Gr., 372.

Weigeltia

capitellata, Miq., 394.
myrianthos, A. DC., 394.
Weinmannia

alpestris, Macf., 303.
glabra, L., 303.
hirta, Sw., 303.
pinnata, L., 303.

Wigandia

caracasana, Hook., 477.
Knnthii, Chois., 477-
urens, Kth., 477.
Winterana

c.mella, L., 109.

Wissada, Gr., sect. Sidae, 7 7,
corr.

Wissadula, Med., sect. Abu-

tili, 77.

excelsior, Prl., 77.
heterosperma, Hochst., 77-
rostrata, Benlh., 77-
Witheringia

macrophylla, Kth., 435.
Wolffia

brasiliensis , Wedd., 512.
punctata, Gr., 512.
Woodsia

Brownei, Mett., 695.
Wulffia

capitata. Sell , 372.
havanensis, DC., 372.
stenoglossa, DC., 372.
Wullschlsegelia

aphylla, G. Rchb., 639.

Xanthips, Gr., sect. Ipoinccai,
470.

Xanthosoma

atrovirens , C. Kch., 511.
peregrinum , Gr., 511.
sagittifolium, Schtt., 511.
Xenopoma

obovata, TV., 489.

Ximenia

aculeata, Tuss., 310.
americana, L., 310.
inermis, L., 310.
moutana, Macf., 310.
multiflora, Jacq., 310.
seuegaleusis, Rich., 310.

7S0

INDEX.

Xiphidiurn

albidum, Lam., 589.
floribundum, Sw., B89.
giganteum, Lindl ., 589.
Xiphopteris

myosuroides, Kauf. , 703.
serrutata, Kaulf., 703.
Xylobium, ZzWA,seet.Maxil-
lari®, 626.

Xylophylla, L., sect. Phyllan-
tlii, 35.

arbuscula, Sw., 35.
falcata, Sw., 35.
latifolia, L., 35.
montana, Bot. Mag., 35.
montana, Sw., 35.

Xylopia

acuminata, Dim., 7 .
cubensis, Rich., 6.
frutescens, Aubl., 6.
glabra, L., 6.
grandijlora, Aubl., 6.
jamaicensis , Gr., 6.
longifolia, A. DC., 6.
xnuricata, L., 6.
salicifo/ia, Kill., 6.
undulata, P. B., 7.
Xylosma

nitidum, As. Gr., 21.
XYEIDE2E, 525.

Xyiis

americana, Aubl., 526.
americana, V., 525.
coerulea, Lam., 526.
communis, Kth., 525.
glabrata, Gr., 525.
lasifolia, Mart., 525.
savanensis, Miq., 525.

Xyris

savanensis, var., Scab.,
525.

Sellowiana, ICth., 525.
tenella, Kth., 526.

Yucca

aloifolia, L., 582.

Zamia

anguslifolia, Jacq., 504.
mtegnfoUa, Ait., 504.
Zanthoxylese, 136.
Zanthoxylum

aculeatum, Macf., 137.
acuminatum, Macf., 137.
acuminatum, Sw., 137.
aromaticum , W., 138.
caribseum, Lam., 138.
clava-Herculis, L., 138.
coriaceum, Rich., 137.
elephantiasis, Macf., 138.
emarginatuiu, Sw., 137.
lauceolatum, Poir., 138.
microcarpum, Gr., 138.
ochroxylum, DC., 138.
pterota, Kth., 138.
punctatum, West., 137.
sapiudokles, DC., 137.
spinif'ex, Jacq., 137.
spinosum, Sw., 137.
Sumach, Gr., 138.
Sumach, Macf., 139.
ternatum, Sw., 136.
Zapania, Juss., sect. Lippi®,
494.

nodiflora, Lam., 494.
stcechadifolia, Pers., 493.

Zea

Mays, L., 561.
Zephyrauthes, Herb., sect.
Amaryllidis, 584.
carinata, Herb., 584.
tubispatha, Herb., 584.
Zeugites

americana, W., 536.
colorata, Gr., 536.
mexicana, Tr., 536.
Zingiber

officinale, Hose., 602.
Zinnia

elegans, Jacq., 370.
muliijlora, L., 370.
Zizyphus

emarginatns, Sic., 100.
havanensis, Kth., 100.
Zornia

diphylla, Pers., 185.
gracilis, DC., 185.
havanensis, Rich., 185.
myriadena, Benth., 185.
reticulata, Sm., 185.
Sloanei, Gr., corr.

Zuelania

icosandra, CL, 22.
lsetioides, Rich., 22, corr.
Zygia, P. B., syn. Callian-
dr®, 225.

aromatica, Desv., 489.
Zygopetalum

brachystalix, G. Itchb.,
629.

cochleare, Lindl., 629.
flabelli folium, G. Rchb.,
629.

Zygophylle.e, 134.

781

LIST OF COLONIAL NAMES.

— ♦ — •

Acajou : G-uarea Swarlzii.

Acorn : Dioscorea bulbifera .

Adam’s needle : Yucca aloifolia.

Adruc : Oyperus articulatus.

Akee : Blighia sapula.

Alder tree, West 1 ndian : Conocarpus er actus.
All-heal : Micromeria obovata.

Alligator-apple : Anona palustris.

Alligator-pear : Persea graiissima.
Alligator-wood : Guarea Swartzii.

Allspice : Pimento, vulgaris.

Almond tree : Terminalia Catappa.

Aloe, Aloes ; Aloe vulgaris.

Aloe, American : Agave amencana.

Aloe-wood : Cordia Sebcstuna.

Ananas '■ An.anassa saliva.

Ananas, wild : Bromelia. Pinguin.
Anchovy-pear tree : Grias cauliflora.

Angeleen tree : Indira inermis.

Angelica tree : Sciadophyllum Brownei.
Antidote-cocoon : Feuillea oordifolia.
Arbour-vine, Spanish : lpomcea tuberose i.
Arnotta : Bira Orillana.

Arracacha : Arracacha esculenta.

Arrow-head : Sagittaria acut folia.

Arrow-root: Maranta arundinacea and indices.
Avocado-pear : Persea graiissima.

Bachelor’s-button : Gomplircna.

Badiujan : Solanum Melangena.

Bahama-grass : Cynodon dactylon.

Ballata tree (Dominica) : Bumelia return.
Balsam, broad-leaved: Seiadophyl. capital a m .
Balsam, yellow": Croton Jlavcns.

Balsam-apple : Momordica Balsamina .
Balsam-tig : Clusia rosea.

Balsam-herb : Bianthera repens.

Balsam tree : Clusia rosea.

Bamboo: Bambusa, Arthrostylidium, Chus-
quea , and Panicum divaricatum.

Banana : Musa sapientum.

Baobab : Adansonia digitata.

Barbadocs- pride : Casatpinia pnlcherrima and
Adenanthera pavonina.

Barilla : Batis maritma.

Basil : Ocimum basilic um.

Basket-hoop : Croton lucidus.

Basket-withe : Tourneforlia voMilis.

Bayberry tree : Pimenta arris.

Bead tree : Ormosia dasycarpa.

Bead-vine, red : Rhynchosia.

Bean, Asparagus : Botichos sesquipedalis.

Bean, Drench": Phaseolas vulgaris.

Bean, Hibbert : Phaseolas lunatus.

Bean, Horse : Canavalia gladiata.

Bean, Horse-eye : Mucuna urens.

Bean, Kidney : Phaseolas vulgaris.

Bean, Lima : Phaseolas lunatus.

Bean, red : Vigna unguiculata.

Beau, seaside : Canaralia obtusifolia and

Vigna luteola.

Bean, Sugar : Phaseolas lunatus.

Bean, Sword : Canavalia gladiata.

Bean, Yam : Bolichos tuberosus.

Bean, Year : Phaseolas vulgaris.

Beau-tree, red : Erythina Corallodendron.
Beech, seaside ; Exostemma caribceum.

Beef -apple ; Sapota rugosa.

Beef-wood, red : Ardisia coriacea.

Beef-wood, small-leaved white : Schcepfta chry-
sophylloides.

Bell-dower, American red : lpomcea Quamoclil.
Belly-ache bush : Jatropha gossypifolia.
Ben-nut : Moringa pterygosperma.

Bichy : Cola acuminata.

Bilimbi : Averrhoa Bilimbi.

Bilberry, Jamaica Vaccinium meridionale.
Bimbling : Averrhoa Bilimbi.

Birch, West Indian : Bursera gummifera.
Bitch-wood : Lonchocarpus latifolius.
Bitter-ash : Picrcena excelsa.

Bitter- wood : Xylopia , Simaruba, and Pi-
cramna.

Bitter-wood, white : Trichilia spondoides.
Black-head shrub : Pithecolobium unguis-cali
Bladder-wort : Utricularia.

Bleeding-heart : Colocasia esculenta.
Blood-llower : Asc/epias curassuvica.

782

LIST OF COLONIAL NAMES.

Blood-wood : Laplacea Hamaloxylon.
Bonace-bark : Daphnopsis linifolia.

Bonavist : Dolichos Lablab.

Bottle-gourd : Lagenaria vulgaris.
Bottle-cod-root : Capparis cynophyllophora.
Boxwood : Yitex umbrosa.

Branda : Chione glabra.

Brazil nuts : Bertholletia excelsa.

Braziletto, Bahama : Casalpinia crista.
Brazilelto, bastard: Weinmannia pinnata and
Sdadophyllvm capitatum.

Braziletto-wood : Peliopliorum Linncei.
Bread-fruit : Artocarpus incisa.

Bread-nut : Brosimum AHcastrnm.

Bread-nut, bastard : Pseudolmedia spuria.
Break-axe : Sloanea jamaicensis.

Broad-leaf tree : Terminalia laiifolia.
Broom-bush : Parthenium Hysterophorus.
Broom-tree, mountain : Baccharis scoparia.
Broom-weed : Corchorus siliquosus.

Broom -weed, sweet: Scoparia dulcis.

Bryony, bastard : Cissus sicy aides.

Buckwheat : Anredera snandens.

Buckthorn: Rosa Icevigata.

Bull-apple tree : Sapota rugosa.

Bull-hoof : Passijlora Murucuja.

Bully-tree : Sapota Sideroxylon and Myrsine
lata.

Bully-tree, bastard : Dipholis nigra.
Bully-tree, black : Dipliolis nigra.

Bully-tree, mountain : Dipholis montana.
Bully-tree, red : Dipholis nigra.

Bully-tree, white : Dipholis salicifolia.
Bur-bark : Tiiumfelta semilri/oba.

Burweed: Triumfetta.

Buru-uose : Daphnopsis tinifolia.

Burnwood of Negroes : Rhus Metopium.
Burr-grass : Panicum glidinosum.

Button-tree : Conocarpus ereclus.
Button-weed : Spermacoce and Borreria.

Cabbage : Brassica oleracea.

Cabbage-bark tree : Andira inermis.
Cabbage-palm, Barbadoes : Oreodoxa oleracea.
Cabbage-palm, mountain : Euterpe oleracea.
Cabbage-tree : Oreodoxa oleracea and Andira
inermis.

Cacao : Theobroma Cacao.

Cacoons : Entada snandens.

Calabash-nutmeg : Monndora Myristica.
Calabash tree : Crescentia.

Calalu : Phytolacca.

Calalu, branched: Solanum nod'ijlorum.

Calalu, green : Euxolus viridis.

Calalu, prickly : Amarantus spinosus.

Calalu, Spanish : Phytolacca octandra.

Calalu, small-leaved : Euxolus caudatus.
Caltrop : Tribulm maximus.

Calavancc : Dolichos sphcerospermus.
Campeachy-wood : 11 am at oxy Ion campechia -
num.

Candle-wood : Sciadophyllum capitatum.
Candle-wood, white and black : Amyris balsa •
mifera.

Cane, sugar: Saccharum officinarum.

Cane, wild : Arundo occidenialis and saccha-
roides.

Cane-piece, sensitive-plant : Cassia glandulosa.
Cane-killer : Atectra brasiliensis.
Canker-berry : Solanum bahamen.se.
Cannou-ball tree : Couroupita guianensis.
Capet tree : Capparis verrucosa.

Carrot : Daucus Carota.

Cascarilla-bark : Croton Eluleria.

Cashaw : Prosopis juliflora.

Cashew tree : Anacardium occidentalc.
Cassava or Cassada : Janipha Manihot.
Cassava, wild : Jatropha gossgpifolia.
Cassava-wood : Turpinia occidentalis.

Cassia, broom : Cassia glandulosa.

Cassia-stick tree : Cassia Fistula.

Castor-oil : Ricinus communis.

Cat-claw : Bignonia unguis.

Canto : Hirtella silicea.

Cedar, bastard : Guazwrna tomentosa.

Cedar, Bermudas : Juniperus barbadensis.
Cedar, AVest Indian : Cedrela odor ala.
Celandine : Bocconia frutescens.

Cerasee : Momordica charanlia and balsa-
mina.

Chaw-stick, red : Gouania domingensis.

Che : Oldenlandia umbellata.

Cherimolia : Anona Cherimolia.

Cherry, Barbadoes : Malpighia.

Cherry, bastard : Ehretia linifolia.

Cherry, broad-leaved : Cordia macrophylla.
Cherry, clammy : Cordia Collococca.

Cherry, Jamaica: Ficus pedunculata.

Cherry, West Indian : Malpighia and Bun-
chosia.

Chickweed : Drymaria cordata.

Chickweed, African : MoUugo.

China-root : Cisso-s sicyoides.

China- wythe : Smi/ax Balbisiana.

Choeho : Sechium edule.

Christmas-gambol : Ipomcea stdfo/ia.
Christmas-pride : Rueltia paniculala.
Cinnamon, wild : Canella alba and Pimenta
acris.

Cipre : Cordia Gerascanlhus.

Citron : Citrus mcdica.

Clary, wild : Eeliolropium indicum.
Climbing-vine : Psychotria parasitica.

Clove : Pimenta acris.

Clove-strip : Jussura repens.

Cloven-berry bush : Sumyda sernda/a.

7

LIST OF COLONIAL NAMES. 785

Cob-nut : Omphalea triandra.

Cochineal: Ojmntia coccinellifera.

Cock’s head : Besmodium tortuosum.

Cockspur : Pisonia aculeata.

Cocoa-nut : Cocos nucifera.

Cocoa-plum : Chrysobalanus Icaco.

Cocoe : Colocasia escidenta.

Coco -wood : Inga vera.

Coffee : Cofl'ea arabica.

Coffee, wild : Faramea odoratissima , Zuela-
nia Itetioides, and Eugenia dislicha.

Cogwood : Ceanothus Chloroxylon.

Cohune-nut: Aiialea Cohune.

Cola : Cola acuminata.

Coltsfoot : Polhomorpha.

Contrayerva : Aristolochia.

Copaiva tree : Copaifera officinalis.

Coral-bean tree : Erytlirina Cor allodendron .
Coratoe : A gave aud Fourcroya.

Corkwood : Anona palustris and Ochroma
Lag opv.s.

Cora, Chinese : Setaria ilalica.

Coromantee drum-wood : Turpinia occiden-
talis.

Cotton : Gossypium re/igiosurn.

Cotton, French : Gossypium hirsutum and
Calotropis procera.

Cotton, Nankeen : Gossypium religiosum.
Cotton tree, or silk-cotton tree : Eriodendron
anfractuosum.

Cowitch : Macuna pruriens and Acidoton
wens.

Cowitch, twining : Tragia volubi/is.

Crabwood : Carapa guianensis.

Cress : Lepidium sativum.

Cromanty : Ratonia apetala.

Crown-palm : Maximitiana caribaa.
Cuba-bark : Paritium elatum.

Cucumber, wild : Cucumis salivas.

Cucumber : Cucumis Angaria.
Cuckold’s-increase : Vigna unguiculala.
Cudweed, golden : Plerocaulon virgatum.
Currant bush, Indian: Miconia, Clidemia,
etc.

Currant tree : Jacquinia armillaris, Benreria
succulenla and havanensis.

Custard-apple : Anona, e.g. A. reticulata.
Cutting-grass: Sc/eria flagellum.

Cypress-vine : Ipomcea Quamoclil.

Dagger-plant : Yucca aloifolia.

Damson, bitter : Simaruba amara.
Damson-plum : Chrysophyllum oliviferum.
Date- plum : Biospy r os tetrasperma.

Date-tree : Phoenix dactylifera.

David’s-root : Chiococca racemosa.

Deadly dwalc : Acnistus arborescens.
Devil’s-bcan : Capparis cynophal/ophora.

Dildo : Cereus Swartzii.

Divi-deri : Coulteria tinctoria.

Divi-divi : Lebidibia coriaria.

Dodder : Cuscuta.

Dogwood : Piscidia Erytlirina.

Dollee-wood : Myristica surinamensis.

Dove- wood : Alchornea latifolia.

Down -tree : Ochroma Lag opus.

Dragon’s-blood : Calodracon Sieberi.

Dumb-cane : Dieffienbachia Seguire.

Dutch grass : Pa ■ icum molle.

Dutchman’s butter : Cassia glandulosa.
Dutchman’s Laudanum : Passiflora Murucvya,

Ear-wort : Rhachicallis rupestris.

Earth-nut : Aracliis hypogcea.

Eboe-light, orEboe-trechwood : Erythroxylum
brevipes.

Ebony, green or West Indian : Brya Ebenus.
Eddoe : Colocasia escidenta.

Egg-plant : Solanum Melongena.

Elder, dwarf : Pilea grandis.

Elm, Spanish : Cordia gerascanthoides and
Hamelia venlricosa.

Ettow : Cordia Sebeslana.

Everlasting : Gnaphalium.

Eyebright : Euphorbia maculata.

Fan-palm : Sabal and Thrinax.

Feverfew, bastard : Parthenium Hystero-

phorus.

Fiddle-wood : Citharexylum surreclum and
quadrangular e, and Vitex umbrosa.
Fiddle-wood, yellow : Pelitia domingensis.

Fig, black : Ficus laurifolia.

Fig, broad -leaved : Ficus crassinervia.

Fig, red : Ficus pedunculala.

Fig, small-leaved red : Ficus pallida.

Fig, small-leaved white : Ficus ochroleuca.

Fig, wild : Clusiaflava.

F'iugrigo : Pisonia aculeata.

F’itweed : Eryngium fwtidum.

Five-finger : Syngonium auritum.

Fleabanes : Vernonia arborescens.
Flower-fence, Barbadoes : Ccesalpinia pulcher-

rima. /vtrvK

Flower-pride : Ccesalphjia pulcherrima.
Forbidden-fruit : Citrus Auranlium, var. Pa-
radisi.

Fonr-o’clock-fiower : Mirabilis dichotoma.
Foxglove : Phytolacca.

Foxtail-grass : Anatherum bicorne and ma-
crurum.

Freuchweed : Commelyna cayennensis.

Furze : Ulex europams.

Fustic : Maclura tinctoria aud Xanlho.ryl urn .

Galapcc tree : Sciadophyllum Brown ei.

784

LIST OF COLONIAL NAMES.

Gnlba : Calophytlum Cataba.

Galimeta-wood : Dipholis salicifolia.
Garden-balsam : Diantliera pectoralis.
Garlick-pear tree : Cratceva gynandra.

Garlick shrub : Adenocalymna alliacea.
Gasparillo : Esenbcc/cia.

Gawse tree : Liggett a linteana.

Genip tree : Melicocca bijuga and IJypelate
paniculata.

Germander, bastard or seaside : Stemodia
maritima.

Ginger : Zingiber ojjicinarum.

Ginger, wild : Renealmia and Cosf.us.
Ginger-grass : Panicum glutinosum.

Glasswort : Salicornia ambigua.

Goat-rue : Tephrosia cinerea.

Goat-weed : Capraria biflora and Stemodia
durantifolia.

Gad-bush : Arceuthobium gracite.
Golden-locks : Pterocaulon virgatum.
Golden-spoon : Byrsonima cinerea.
Golden-tuft : Pterocaulon virgatum.
Gomatu-palm : Arenga saccharifera.
Gooseberry, American : Heterotrichum patens.
Gooseberry, Barbadoes : Peirescia aculeata.
Gout-tea : Cordia globosa.

Granadilla : Passifiora.

Granadilla tree : Brya Bbenus.

Grape, Jamaica : Vitus caribcea.

Grape, seaside : Coccoloba.

Grape, wild : Coccoloba leoqanensis.
Grape-tree, chequered : Coccoloba diversi-

folia.

Grape-tree, mangrove : Coccoloba uvifera.
Grape-tree, small : Coccoloba tenuifolia.
Greenheart : Colubrina ferruginosa.
Greenheart, bastard : Calyptranth.es Chylra-
culia.

Green-withe : Vanilla clavicidata.

Grigri-palm : Aiphanes corallina.

Ground-nut : Arachis hypogwa.

Guava : Psidium Guava.

Guava, black : Guellarda argenlea.

Guava, mountain : Psidium montanum.
Guinea-corn : Sorghum.

Guinea-grass : Panicum maximum.
Guinea-hen’s weed : Peliveria alliacea.

Gum, doctor’s : Rhus Metopium.

Gum-Elcmi tree, or gum tree of Dominica :
Dacryodes hexandra.

Gum tree : Sapium lawifolium.

Gum tree, Arabic : Acacia arabica.

Halbert-weed : Neurolama lobala.
Hardwood tree : Iscoraferrea.
Headache-weed : Iledyosmnm nutans.
Ilcart’s-easc : Viola tricolor.
Heart-pea : Cardiospermum.

h (

A

/ /

Hedge-mustard : Chenopodium ambrosioides.
Hemp-agrimony : Eupatorium.
Hemp-agrimony, bastard : A geralum cony-
zoides.

Henna : Laiosonia.

Hog-gum, false : Rhus Metopium.

Hog-gum tree : Moronobea coccinea.
Hog-meat, poisoned : Arislolochia grandi-
jtora.

Hog-plum : Spondius lutea.

Hogweed : Boerhavia.

Hogweed, poisoned : Aristolochia grandijlora .
Holly-rose : Turnera ulmifolia.

Honeysuckle : Besmodium.

Honeysuckle, West Indian : Tecoma capensis.
Hoop-tree : Melia sempervirens.

Hoop-withe : Rivina aud Colubrina asiatira.
Horse-Cassia : Cassia marginata.
Horse-purslane : Trianlhema monogynum.
Horseradish : Cochlearia Armoracia.
Horseradish tree : Moringa pterygosperma.
Horsewood : Calliandra lalifolia.

Icaque : Clirysobalanus Icaco.

Incense tree : Moschoxylon Swart zii.
India-kale : Xanthosoma airovirens and Colo-
casia.

India-mulberry : Morinda citrifolia.
India-rubber tree : Forsteronia floribunda.
India-rubber vine : Cryptostegia grandijlora.
Indian-corn : Zea Mays.

Indian-pink : Ipomcca Quamoclit.

Indian-shot : Canna.

Indigo : Indigofera tincloria and Anil.
Indigo-berry : Randia aculeata.

Ink-berry : Randia aculeata.

Inga-tree : Inga vera.

Ipecacuanha, bastard : Asclepias curassavica.
Ipecacuanha, white : RicUardsonia scabra.
Iron-shrub : Sauvagesia erecta.

Ironwood : Sloanea jaihaicensis (Pd.), Tern-
slrcemia, and Fagara Plerola.

Irouwood, bastard: Fagara lentiscifolia and
Trichilia hirta.

Ironwood, small -leaved : Mouriria myrtil-
loides.

Ivy : Pie dura.

Jack-in-the-box : Ilernandia sonora.
Jack-in-the-bush : Cordia cglindrostachya.
Jack-tree : Artocarpus inlegrifolia.
Jamaica-bark : Exoslemma.

Jnmbolana tree : Sgzgginm jainbotanum .
Jasmine ■■ Jasminum officinale.

Jasmine, bastard: Cost rum.

Jasmine, French : Ca/otropis procera.
Jasmine, wild : Faramea odoratissima and
Ixora.

(SV

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</

LIST OF COLONIAL NAMES.

Jasmine ti'ee : Plumieria rubra, etc.
Jew’s-mallow : Corchorus olilorius.
Jerusalem-thorn : Parkinsonia aculeata.
Job’s-tears : Coir Lacryma.

John-Crow’s-nose : Phyllocoryne jamaicensis.
Jolly, brown : Solatium Melongena.

Juba’s bush : I resine celosioides.

Juribali : Moschoxylon Swartzii.

Kuife-grass : Scleria lalifolia.

Lace-bark : Lagella lintearia.

Lady-Coot : Aclenanthera pavonina.

Lancewood : Oxandra and Cananga.

Lancewood, black : Tournefortia laurifolia.
Lapatero : Copaifera officinalis.

Laurel, seaside : P hyllanthus latfolius, fal-
catus, and linearis.

Laurel, West Indian : Prunus ocddentalis.
Lead-tree : Leucana ylauca.

Leadwort : Plumbago scandens.

Lemon : Citrus medica, var. Limonum.

Lemou tree, bastard : Fagara lentiscifolia.
Libi-dibi : Lebidibia coriaria.

Licca tree : Tobinia emarginata.

Lignum-rorum : Tobinia emarginata.
Lignum-vitse : Guaiacum officinale.
Lignum-vitse, bastard: Sarcomphalus lau-

rinus.

Lignum-vitse, white : Badiera diversifolia.
Lilac, West Indian : Me lia sempervirens.

Lily : Pancratium, Crinum, and Amaryllis.
Lily-thorn : Catesbcea parviflora.

Lime-myrtle : Triphasia trifoliala.

Lime tree : Citrus Aurantium, var. spinosis-
sima.

Liquorice-vine : Abrus precatorius.

Liquorice, wild : Abrus precatorius.
Liquorice-weed : Scoparia dulcis.

Loblolly-bay : Laplacea Hmmatoxylon.
Loblolly-pine : Pinus bahamensis.
Loblolly-sweet wood : SciadophyllumJacquini.
Loblolly tree : Pisonia subcordata aud Cupa-
nia glabra.

Locust tree: Byrsonitna coriacea (March.)

and Hymen cc a Courbaril.

Locust tree, bastard : Clethra linifolia.

Locust tree, larger : Byrsonitna cinerea.
Logwood : Ceanothus Chloroxylum.

Logwood, bastard : Acacia Berteriana.
Logwood, Campeachy : Hcematoxylon Cam -
pechianum.

Loosestrife : Jussicea suffrulicosa.
Love-in-a-mist : Passijlora faelida.

Love-apple : Lycopersicum esculentum.
Lotus-berry : Byrsonitna coriacea.

Macary-bittcr : Picramnia Antulesma.
Mackaw bush : Solatium tnammostm.

Mackaw tree : Acrocomia sclerocarpa.

Mackaw tree, great : Acrocomia lasiospatha.
Mad-apple : Solatium Melongena.

Madder, Indian : Oldenlandia umbellata.
Mafootoo-withe : Entada scandens.

Maguly : Agave americana.

Mahoe : Paritium tiliaceum.

Mahoe, blue: Paritium elatum.

Mahoe, bombast : Ochroma lagopus.

Mahoe, Congo : Hibiscus clypeatus.

Mahoe, grey : Paritium elatum , var. macro-
carpum.

Mahoe, mountain : Paritium elatum.

Mahoe, seaside: Thespesia populnea.
Maboe-piment Baphnopsis caribcea.

Mahogany tree : Swietenia Mahagoni.
Mahogany, bastard : Ratonia apetala.
Mahogany, white or wild : Slenostomum bifur-
catum.

Maiden-plum : Comocladia integrifolia.
Majoe-bitter : Picramnia Antidesma.

Maize : Zea Mays.

Mallow : Malvastrum and Sida.

Mallow, Indian : Urena.

Mainmee-Sapota : Lucuma mammosa.

Mammee tree : Mammea atnerieana.
Manatu-grass : Thalassia testudinum.
Manchioneal: FLippomane Mancinella.
Manchioneal, bastard : Cameraria lalifolia.
Mango : Mangifera itidica.

Mangrove : Rhizopliora Mangle.

Mangrove, black : Avicennia nitida.

Mangrove, olive : Avicennia nitida.

Mangrove, white : Laguncularia racemosa.
Mangrove, Zaragoza : Conocarpus erectus.
Manjack: Cordia macrophylla.

Marygold : Wedelia carnosa.

Marygold, French : Pectis punctata.

Mastic tree : Bursera gummifera.

Mastwood, yellow : Tobinia coriacea.
May-flowrer : Dalbergia Brownei and lLeca-
stophyllum Brownei.

Melon-thick : Melolactus communis.
Mignonetta tree : Lawsonia inermis.

Milkwood : Pseudo/media spuria.

M ilkwort : Poly gala panicu/ata.

Millet : Panicum miliaceum aud Sorghum.
Misletoe : Loranthus, Phoradendron , aud Ar-
ceuthobium.

Monkey-apple : Anona pa/ustris.
Monkey-apple, wild : Clusia alba.
Morass-weed: Ceratop/iyllum demersum.
Mountain-damson : Simaruba amara.
Mountain-ebony : Casparea porrecta aud B an-
il, inia megalandra.

Mountain-grape, black : Quettarda longiflora.
Mountain-grape, common : Coccoloba tenui-
| folia.

7S6

LTST OF COLONIAL NAMES.

Mountain-grape, large-leaved : Coccoloba Plu-
viieri.

Mountain-plum : Ximenia americana.
Mountain-pride : Spathelia simplex.
Mountain-green : Spathelia simplex.

Mugwort : Parthenium Hysterophorus.
Muskwood : Moschoxylum Swartzii and Gua-
rea Swartzii.

Mustard : Sinapis.

Mustard, bastard : Cleome.

Myrtle : Eugenia , etc.

Naseberry tree: Sapota Achras.
Naseberry-bully tree : Sapota Sideroxylon.
Naseberry-bully tree, broad-leaved: Lucuma
multijlora.

Naseberry-bully tree, mountain : Sapota Side,
roxylon.

Nectarine, Spanish : Ckrysobalanus Icaco.
Negressee : Bucida capitata.

Nephritic tree : Pithecolobium unguis-cati.
Nettle : Pilea and TJr era.

Nettle, Spanish : Bidens.

Nettle tree, Jamaica : Sponia micrantlia.
Nhandiroba : Feuillea cordifolia.

Nicarago, bastard : Ccesalpinia bijuga.

Nicker tree : Guilandina.

Nightshade : Solanum.

Niopo tree : Piptadenia peregrina.

No-eye-pea : Cajanus indicus.

Noseburn tree : Daphnopsis lenuifolia.
Nutmeg: Myristicafragrans.

Nutmeg, American: Monodor a Myristica.

Oak, Dominica : Ilex sideroxyloides.

Oak, French: Bucida Buceras and Catalpa
longisiligua.

Oats, wild : Pharus latifolius.

Oclrra: Abelmoschus esculentus.

Ochra, musk: Abelmoschus moscliatas.

Ochra, wild : Malachra.

Oil-nut tree : Ricinus communis.

Oil-palm : Elceis guineensis.

Oil-plant : Sesamum orientale.

Old-maid : Vinca rosea.

Old-mau’s-beard : Tillandsia usneoides.
Old-woman’s-bitter : Picramnia Antidesma.
Old-woman’s-trce : Quiina jamaicensis.

Olive, wild : Ximenia americana , Bucida Bti-
ceras and capitala.

Olive, wild, Barbadoes : Bonlia daphnoides.
Olive-bark tree : Bucida Buceras.

Orange, bitter : Citrus Aurantium, var. Biga-
railia.

Orange, Jamaica Mandarin : G/ycosmis citri-
folia.

Orange, sweet. : Citrus Aurantium.

Orange, wild : Brypelcs glauca.

Otaheite-apple : Jambosa malaccensu.
Otaheite-gooscberry : Cicca dislicha.

Ox-eye, creeping : Wedelia carnosa.

Ox-eye, seaside : Borrichia arborescens.

Palmetto, humble: Carludovica insignis (?)
Palmetto, royal : Thrinax parvijlora aud Sabal
umbraculifera.

Palmetto, silver-leaved: Thrinax argenlea.
Palmetto, small : Carludovica.

Pameroon-bark : Moschoxylon Swartzii.
Papaw : Carica Papaya.

Parn-grass : Panicum molle.

Pareira-brava : Cissampelos Pareira.
Parrot-weed : Bocconia frulescens.

Parsley : P etroselinum sativum.

Parsnip : Pastinaca sativa.

Passion-flower : Passijlora.

Pea, black-eyed : Bolichos sphcerospermus.
Pea, Congo or dry : Cajanus indicus.
Pea-flower : Centrosema and Cliloria.
Pea-tree, swamp : Sesbania.

Pear, prickly : Opuntia Tuna.

Pear, wild : Clethra tinifo/ia.

Pear-withe : Tanrecium Jaroba.

Pelican-flower : Aristolochia grandijlora.
Pennywort : PPydrocotyle.

Pepper, African : Xylopia.

Pepper, Cayenne or Guinea : Capsicum.
Pepper-elder : Peperomia , Entlcea, Arlanthe.
Pepper-grass : lepidium virginicum.
Pepper-rod : Croton humilis.

Periwinkle : Vivca rosea.

Peter’s-wort : Ascyrum hypericoides.
Physic-nut : Jatropha Curcas.

Physic-nut, French : Jatropha multifida.
Physic-nut, wild : Euphorbia punicea.

Pig-nut : Omphalea triandra.

Pigeon-pea : Cajanus indicus.

Pigeon-wood : Dipholis salicifolia and Dios-
pyros tetrasperma.

Pigeon-wood, long-leaved : Coccoloba diversi-
folia.

Pigeon-wood, small : Coccoloba diversifolia.
Pigeon-wood, small-leaved : Coccoloba punc-
tata and leoganensis.

Pimento : Fimenta vulgaris.

Pine-apple : Auanassa saliva.

Pindar : Arachis hypogaa.

Piugerin : Bromelia Pinguin.

Pitch-pine, Bahamas : Pinus bahamensis.

Pine, wild : Tillandsia.

Plantain : Musa paradisiaca.

Plantain, bastard : Ueliconia.

Plantain, wild : Ueliconia Bihai.

Plum-tree, seaside : Ximenia americana.
Pockwood tree : Guaiacum officinale.
Poison-berry: Cestrum.

LIST OP COLONIAL NAMES.

787

Pokeweed : Phytolacca.

Pomegranate : Tunica Granaium.

Pony : Tecoma serratifolia.

Potato : Solanum tuberosum.

Potato, seaside : Ipomcea Pes-caprce.

Potato, wild : Ipomcea fastiyiata.

Prickly-pole : Bactris P/umieriana.
Prickly-withe : Cereus triangularis.
Primrose-willow : Jussicea.

Prince-wood : Hamelia ventricosa and Cordia
gerascanthoides.

Prune-tree : Primus occidentalis.

Purple-heart : Copaifera officinalis.

Purple-lip Vanilla claviculala.

Purslane : Portulaca oleracea.

Purslane, seaside: Sesuvium portulaca strum.

Badish : Raphanus sativus.

Bam-goat : Fagara micropliylla.

Bamoon tree : Trophis americana.

Eattle-wort : Crotalaria.

Eazor-grass : Scleria scindens.

Eed-kead : Asclepias curassavica.

Eed-weed : Phytolacca.

Bed-withe : Combretum Jacquini.

Eed-wood : Erythroxylum.

Eeed-grass : Arundo occidentalis.

Beed-mace : Typlia angustifolia.
Beventa-cavallos : Isotoma longijlora.

Eice : Oryza saliva.

Eidging grass : Anatherum bicorne.

Eingwonn -shrub : Cassia alata.

Eoble : Platymiscium platystachyum.

Eocou or Eoucou : Bixa Orellana.

Eod, golden : Neurolcena lobata.

Eod-wood : Lcetia and Eugenia.

Eod- wood, black : Eugenia pallens.

Eod-wood, broad-leaved : Eugenia axillaris.
Eod-wood, red : Eugenia axillaris.

Eod-wood, small-leaved •. Eugenia monticola.
Eod-wood, white : Ca/yptranthes Chytraculia.
Bosa-del-monte : Broicnea Rosa.
llose, Jamaica or wild : Blalcea trinervis.
Eose-apple : Jambosa vulgaris.

Eose-wood : Amyris balsamifera and Lino-
ciera liguslrina.

Bosemary, wild : Croton Cascarilla.
Eupture-wort : Alternantliera polygonoides.

Sage, black : Cordia cylindrostachya.

Sage, wild : Lantana and Salvia.

Sage-rose : Turnera ulmifolia.

Saltwort : Salicornia.

Sambo : Cleome.

Samphire : Borrichia arborescens.

Samphire, Jamaica: Batis marilima.

Sandbox tree: liar a crepitans.

S anders, yellow : Bucida capitata.

Santa Maria : Calophyllum Calaba.

Sapodilla tree : Sapota Achras.
Savannah-flower : Echites.

Savannah-wattle : Citharexylum quadrangu-
lare and cinereum.

Savin tree: Ccesalpinia bijuga and Fagara
lentiscfolia.

Savonette tree : Pithecolobium micradenium.
Scarlet-seed : Ternstrcemia obovalis and Lcetia
Thamnia.

Scotch attorney : Clusia.

Scotch grass : Panicum molle.

Screw-pine : Pandanus.

Screw tree : Ilelicteres jamaicensis.

Sea-apple : Manicaria Plulcenetii.

Sebesten : Cordia Sebestena.

Segra-seed : Feuillea cordifolia.

Senna : Cassia obovata.

Senna tree : Cassia emarginata.

Sensitive-plant : Mimosa pudica.
Sensitive-plant, bastard : JEscliynonicne ame-
ricana.

Serpent-withe : Aristolochia odoratissima.
Sesban : Sesbania cegyptiaca.

Seven-year-vine : Ipomcea tuberosa.

Shaddock : Citrus decumana.

Shag-bark : Pithecolobium micradenium.
Sheep’s-bane ; Hydrocotyle umbellaia.
Shingle-wood : Nectandra leucantha.
Silk-cotton tree : Eriodendron anfractuosum.
Silk-grass : Nidularium Karatas.

Silver-wood: Guettarda argentea, Zuelania la-
tioicles, and Mouriria myrtilloides.

Slog- wood : Hufelandia pendula.

Snake-wood : Cecropia peltata and Colubrina
ferruginosa.

Snapdragon : Rueilia tuberosa.

Snowberry : Chiococca racemosa.

Snowdrop tree : Hceniantlius incrassaius.
Soapberry tree : Sapinclus Saponaria.
Soapwood : Clethra tinifolia.

Soft-wood, black : Myrsine Iceta.

Soldier-plant : Calliandra purpurea.

Sorrel : Oxa/is.

Sorrel, climbing : Begonia scandens.

Sorrel, Indian or red : Hibiscus Sabdarifa.
Sorrel, switch : Bodoncea viscosa.

Sorrel, wood : Begonia acutifolia.

Sorrel- vine : Cissus acida.

Sour-grass : Paspalum conjugatum.

Sour-sop : Anona muricata.

Soushnmber : Solanum mammosum.
Spanish-plum : Spondias purpurea.
Spidervvort : Tradescanlia.

Spikenard : Hyplis suaveolens.

Spirit-leaf : Rueilia tuberosa.

Spur-tree: Pelilia domingensis.

Spurge: Euphorbia.

3 L

J <Sv

/

&-VlSr

78S

LIST OF COLONIAL NAMES.

Spurge, branched : Ernodea litoralis.
Stave-wood : Simaruba amara.

Star-apple : Chrysophyllum Cainito.

Star-apple, wild : Chrysophyllum oliviforme.
Star-ot'-Bethlehem : Hypoxis decumbens.
Star-grass : Rhynchospora Valiliana.
Star-of-night : Clusia rosea.

Stinking-wood : Cassia occidentalis.
Strainer-vine : Luffa acutanyula.

Strong-bark : Beureria.

Strong-man’s-weed : Peliveria alliacea.
Styptic- or ve'vet-bur : Priva echinata.
Sugar-apple : Rollinia Sieberi.

Sumach, Jamaica : Rhus Metopium.

Sumach, West Indian : Brunellia comocladi-
folia.

Supple-jack : Paullinia curassavica , barba-
densis, and Cardiospermum grandijlorum.
Surette : Byrsonma spicata.

Surinam-poison : Teplirosia toxicaria.
Sweet-potato : Ipomoea Batatas.

Sweet-sop : Anona squamosa and sericea.
Sweet-William, Barbadoes : Ipomcea Quamo-
clit.

Sweet-wood, black : Strychnodaphne floribun-
da.

Sweet- wood, loblolly: Oreodaplme Leucoxylon.
Sweet-wood, long-leaved : Nectandra leucan-
tlia.

Sweet-wood, lowland : Nectandra sanguinea.
Sweet-wood, mountain : Acrodiclidium jamai-
cense.

Sweet-wood, pepper : Nectandra sanguinea.
Sweet-wood, Rio Grande : Oreodaplme Leu-
coxylon.

Sweet-wood, shrubby : Amyris.

Sweet-wood, timber: Acrodiclidium jamai-
cense, Nectandra exaltata and leucantka.
Sweet-wood, white : Nectandra sanguinea and
leucantka.

Sweet-wood, yellow : Nectandra sanguinea.

Tamarind : Tamarindus indica.

Tamarind, bastard : Acacia Julibrissin.
Tamarind, wild : Pithecolobium filicifolium.
Tamarind, yellow : Acacia villosa.

Tansey, wild : Ambrosia artemisifolia.

Tapioca : Janipha Manihot.

Taya : Xanihosoma peregrinum.

Tea, West Indian : Capraria biflora.
Tears-of-St.-Peter : Antliacanthus micro-

pliyllus.

Thatch : Calyptronoma Sioartzii and Coperni-
cia teclorum.

Thatch, palmetto : Thrinax parviflora.

Thatch, silver : Thrinax argentea.

Thistle, yellow : Argemone.

Thorn, white: M.acrpcnemum jamaicense.

d — 0

Ct '+^si £X, f £ OL-irjU-

Thorn-apple : Batura Stramonium.

Tirite : Ischnosiphon Arouma.

Tobacco : Nicotiana Tabacum.

Tobacco, riverside : Plucliea odorata.
Tomato-berry : Lycopersicum esculentum.
Tom-Bontrin’s-bush : Picramnia Anlidesma.
Toothwort : Plumbago scandens.

Torch-thistle: Cereus repandv.s-A.wi. eriophorus.
Torchwood : Amyris balsamifera and Tldodia
serrata.

Trefoil : Stylosanthes procumbens.
Trumpet-flower : Solandra, Brunfelsia, and
Catalpa.

Trumpet-flower, peach-coloured : Solandra

grandiflora.

Trumpet-flower, shrubby : Tecoma stans.
Trumpet-reed : Arundo occidentalis.

Trumpet tree : Cecropia peltata.

Tulip tree : Paritium elatum.

Turkey-berry : Solanum torvum aud mammo-
sum.

Turkey-berry tree : Cordia Collococca.

Turkey -blossom : Tribulus cistoides.
Turk’s-head : Melocactus communis.

Turnip : Sinapis Rapa ( Brassica , L.).
Turtle-grass : Thalassia testudinum.
Tyle-berrv : Jatropha multifida.

Vanglo : Sesamum orientate.

Vanilla: Vanilla planifolia.

Vanilla, Cuba : Critonia dalea.

Vegetable, leather: Euphorbia punicea.
Velvet-bur : Priva ecliinata.

Velvet-leaf : Cissampelos Pareira.

Velvet-seed : Guettarda elliptica.

Vervain : Verbena urticifolia.

Vine-sorrel : Cissus acida.

Virgin’s bower : Clematis.

Wake-robin : Anthurium and Philodendron.
Walnut, Jamaica : Picrodendron Juglans.
Walnut, Otaheite : Aleurites triloba.
Wart-herb : Rhynchosia minima.

Watercress : Nasturtium officinale.
Water-hyssop : Herpestis Monnierid.
Water-lemon : Passiflora laurifolia and tna-
liformis.

Water-lily : Nymphcea.

Water-plantain : Echinodonis cordifolius.
Water-vine : Boliocarpus Galinea.
Water-withe : Vilis caribcea.

Water-wood : Chimarrhis cymosa.
Wattle-wood : Lcctia Thamnia.

Waw-waw : Rajania pleioneura.
West-lndian-bark : Exostemma caribaum.
White-head : Parthenium Hysterophorus.
White-horse : Portlandia grandiflora.

/

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0

vA

vr

r

Ltj

LIST OF COLONIAL NAMES.

789

White-wood : Oreodwphne Leucoxylon, Nec-
tandra leucantlia, Tecoma Leucoxylon and
penlaphylla.

Whitewood-bark : Canella alba.

Whitewood-cedar : Tecoma Leucoxylon.

Winter-berry : Ilex montana.

Winter-cherry : Physalis.

Wire-grass : P aspalum. filiforme.

Wood-bind, Spanish : Ipomcea tuberosa.

Worm-grass : Spiyelia Anthelmia.

Wormwood, wild : Parthenium Hysteio-

phorus.

Wonnd-worth : Liabum Brownei.

Wreath, purple : Pelrea volubilis.

Yacca tree ; Podocarpus conacea.

Yam-bean : Bolichos tuberosus.

Yams, Indian : Dioscorea trifida.

Yams, Negro country : Dioscorea data.

Yams, white : Dioscorea alata.

Yams, wild : Cissus sicyoides and Rajania
pleioneura.

Yaw-weed : Morinda Royoc.

Yellow-wood : Zanthoxylum and Tobinia.
Yellow-wood, prickly : Zanthoxylum Clava-
Herculis.

Zebra-wood : Eugenia fragrans, var. cuneata.
Zezegany : Sesamum orientate.

THE END.

JOHN EDWARD TAYLOR, PRINTER,

LITTLE QCBEN STREET, LINCOLN’S INN YIELDS.

.

«

L. REEVE & CO.’S

• |

PUBLICATIONS IN

lOtimD, C0nc|olog!)f (Untomalogn,

CHEMISTRY, TRAVELS, ANTIQUITIES,

ETC.

<« None can express Thy works but he that knows them;

And none can know Thy works, which are so many
And so complete, but only he that owes them.”

George Herbert.

LONDON :

L.llEEVE & CO., 5, HENRIETTA STREET, CO VENT GARDEN.

1871.

CONTENTS

— ♦- —

PACE

NEW SERIES OF NATURAL HISTORY ... ... ... 3

BOTANY ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 5

FERNS ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 10

MOSSES ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 11

SEAWEEDS ... ... ... ... ... ... 12

FUNGI ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 13

SHELLS AND MOLLUSKS ... ... ... ... 14

INSECTS 16

ANTIQUARIAN ... ... ... ... ... ... 18

MISCELLANEOUS ... ... ... ... ... 20

SERIALS ... ... ... ... ... ... • ... 23

RECENTLY PUBLISHED ... ... ... 23

FORTHCOMING WORKS ... ... ... ... ... 24

LIST OF WORKS

PUBLISHED BY L. REEVE & CO.

L. REEVE AND CO.’S NEW SERIES OF NATURAL
HISTORY FOR BEGINNERS.

— ♦ —

* * a good introductory series of books on Natural History for the use ot
students and amateurs is still a desideratum. Those at present in use have
been too much compiled from antiquated sources; while the figures copied
in many instances from sources equally antiquated, are far from accurate, the
colouring of them haviug become degenerated through the adoption, tor the

sake of cheapness, of mechanical processes. ... , . . , .,

The present series will be entirely the result of original research carried to its
most advanced point; and the figures, which will be chiefly engraved on steel by
the artist most highly renowned in each department for bis technical knowledge
of the subjects, will in all cases be drawn from actual specimens, and coloured

SePEach work will treat of a department of Natural History sufficiently limited
in extent to admit of a satisfactory degree of completeness.

The following are now ready:—

BRITISH INSECTS; a Bamiliar Description of the Form,

Structure, Habits, and Transformations of Insects. By E. F. Staveley.
Crown 8vo, 16 Coloured Steel Plates, engraved from Natural Specimens
expressly for the work by E. W. Robinson, and numerous Wood-
Engravings by E. C. Rye, 14s.

BRITISH BUTTERFLIES AND MOTHS; an Introduc-
tion to the study of our Native Lepidopteua. By II. T. Stainton.
Crown 8vo, 16 Coloured Steel Plates, containing Figures of 100 Species,
engraved from Natural Specimens expressly for the work by E. W. Robin-
son, and Wood-Engravings, 10s. 6 d.

4

L. KU.EVE AND CO.’s PUBLICATIONS.

BRITISH BEETLES; an Introduction to the Study of our

Indigenous Colf.optera. By E. C. Rye. Crown 8vo, 16 Coloured
Steel Plates, comprising Figures of nearly 100 Species, engraved from
Natural Specimens, expressly for the work, by E. W. Robinson, and 11
Wood-Engravings of Dissections by the Author, lOx. 6a!.

BRITISH BEES ; an Introduction to the Study of the Na-
tural History and Economy of the Bees indigenous to the British Isles.
By W. E. Shuckakd. Crown Svo, 16 Coloured Steel Piates, containing
nearly 100 Figures, engraved from Natural Specimens, expressly for the
work, by E. W. Robinson, and Woodcuts of Dissections, lO.v. (id.

BRITISH SPIDERS ; an Introduction to the Study of the

Araneida; found in Great Britain and Ireland. By E. F. Staveley.
Crown Svo, 16 Plates, containing Coloured Figures of nearly 100 Species,
and 40 Diagrams, showing the number and position of the eyes in various
Genera, drawn expressly for the work by Tuff en West, and 44 Wood-
Engravings, 10,y. 6 d.

BRITISH GRASSES ; an Introduction to the Study of the

Grasses found in the British Isles. By M. Peues. Crown 8vo, 16
Coloured Plates, drawn expressly for the work by W. Fitch, and 100 Wood-
Engravings, 10s. 6 d.

BRITISH EERNS ; an Introduction to the Study of the Ferns,

Lycopods, and Equiseta indigenous to the British Isles. With Chapters
on the Structure, Propagation, Cultivation, Diseases, Uses, Preservation,
and Distribution of Ferns. By Margaret Flues. Crown 8vo, 16 Coloured
Plates, drawn expressly for the work by W. Fitch, and 55 Wood-Engrav-
ings, 10s. 6 cl.

BRITISH SEAWEEDS j an Introduction to the Study of

the Marine A lg/F, of Great Britain, Ireland, and the Channel Islands. By
S. O. Gray. Crown 8vo, 16 Coloured Plates, drawn expressly for the
work by W. Fitch, 10s. 6 d.

Other Works in preparation.

L. REEVE AND CO.’S PUBLICATIONS.

5

BOTANY.

— ♦ —

THE NATURAL HISTORY OF PLANTS. By H.

Baillon, President of the Humean Society of Pans, Professor of Medical
Natural History and Director of the Botanical Garden of the Faculty ot
Medicine of Paris. Translated by Marcus M^ HaRtog Trinity College,
Cambridge. Super-royal 8vo. Vol. I., with 503 Wood Engravings, 2os.

Of the accuracy and excellence of this great work, the position of the author
as a Botanist of the first rank, and an original investigator, is a sufficient
guarantee. Its popular readable style will commend it to all those who desiie
to become acquainted with the wonderful variety of form and structure found in
the vegetable kingdom, but are deterred by the technicalities of othei botanical
works. The Illustrations, unequalled for beauty, clearness, and accuracy, aud
abundant in sectional detail of Flower, Fruit, and Seed add greatly to the value
as well as to the attractiveness of the work. The Geographical Distribution
and the useful or noxious properties of Plants are duly noted at the end of each
family. In the Notes will be found full references to authorities and such
other matter as the advanced botanist may require. The First Volume, con-
tains the Families Ranunculaceab, Dilleniacead, Magnoliaceas, Anona-
CEA3, Monimiace.®, and Rosaceab. The second volume is m the press, and
the continuation will keep pace with the French Edition.

DOMESTIC BOTANY ; an Exposition of the Structure and

Classification of Plants, and of their uses for Food, Clothing, Medicine,
aud Manufacturing Purposes. By John Smith, A.L.S., ex-Curator of
the. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Crown 8vo, pp. 560, with 16 Coloured
Plates and Wood Engravings, 16s.

A handy book of the Vegetable Kingdom, containing a large amount of in-
teresting information, relative to the uses of Plants to man in this country, as
well as in those where they grow.

HANDBOOK OF THE BRITISH FLORA; a Descrip-
tion of the Flowering Plants and Ferns indigenous to, or naturalized in, the
British Isles. For the Use of Beginners aud Amateurs. By George
Bentham, F.R.S., President of the Linnean Society. New Edition, Crown
8vo, 680 pp., 12s.

Distinguished for its terse and clear style of description ; for the introduction
of a system of Analytical Keys, which enable the student to determine the family
and genus of a plant at once by the observation of its more striking characters ;
and for the valuable information here given for the first time of the geographical
range of each species in foreign countries.

HANDBOOK OF THE BRITISH FLORA, Illustrated

Edition; a Description (with a Wood-Engraving, including dissections, of
each species) of the Flowering Plants and Ferns indigenous to, or natu-
ralized in, the British Isles. By George Bentham, F.R.S., President of
the Linnean Society. Demy 8vo, 2 vols., 1 154 pp., 1295 Wood-Engravings,
from Original Drawings by W. Fitch, £3. 10s.

An illustrated edition of the foregoiug Work, in which every species is ao-
compauicd by an elaborate Wood-Engraving of the Plant, with dissections of its
leading structural peculiarities.

L. UEEVIt AND CO.’s PUBLICATIONS.

BRITISH WILD BLOWERS, Eamiliarly Described in the

Four Seasons. A New Edition of ‘The Field Botanist’s Companion.’ By
Thomas Moore, F.L.S. One volume, Demy 8vo, 424 pp. With
24 Coloured Plates, by W. Fitch, 16s.

An elegantly-illustrated volume, intended for Beginners, describing the plants
most readily gathered in our fields and hedgerows, with the progress of the sea-
sons. Dissections of the parts of the dowers are introduced amoug the Figures,
so that an insight may be readily obtained not only of the Species and name of
each plaut, but of its structure and characters of classification.

BRITISH GRASSES; an Introduction to the Study of the

Gramineee of Great Britain and Ireland. By M. Plugs. Crown 8vo, 100
Wood-Engravings, 6s. ; with 16 Coloured Plates by W. Fitch, 10s. 6 d.
One of the ‘New Series of Natural History,’ accurately describing all the
Grasses found in the British Isles, with introductory chapters on the Structure,
Cultivation, Uses, etc. A Wood- Engraving, including dissections, illustrates
each Species ; the Plates contain Coloured figures of 43 Species.

CURTIS'S BOTANICAL MAGAZINE, comprising New and

Rare Plants from the Royal Gardens of Kew, and other Botanical Establish-
ments. By Dr. J. D. Hooker, F.R.S., Director of the Royal Gardens.
Royal 8vo. 'Published Monthly, with 6 Plates, 3s. 6a!. coloured. Vol. XXVI.
of the Third Series (being Vol. XCVI. of the entire work) uow ready, with
a new General Index of the 26 volumes, 43s. The Index separately,
Is. A complete set of the Third Series may be had; also a copy of
the Second Series, 18 years’ issue in 17 vols.,new, in cloth.

Descriptions and Drawings, beautifully coloured by hand, of newly-discovered
plants suitable for cultivation in the Garden, Hothouse, or Conservatory.

THE ELORAL MAGAZINE, containing Figures and De-
scriptions of New Popular Garden Flowers. By the Rev. H. Honywood
Dombrain, A.B. Imperial 8vo. Published Monthly, with 4 Plates, 2s. 6 d.
coloured. Vols. I. to V., each, with 64 coloured plates, £2. 2s. Vols. VI.
to IX., 48 coloured plates, 31s. 6d. each.

Descriptions and Drawings, beautifully coloured by hand, of new varieties of
Flowers raised by the nurserymen for cultivation in the Garden, Hothouse, or
Conservatory.

OUTLINES OF ELEMENTARY BOTANY, as Intro-
ductory to Local Floras. By George Bentham, F.R.S., President of the
Linuean Society. Demy 8vo, pp. 4B, 2s. 6 d.

LAWS OF BOTANICAL NOMENCLATURE adopted by

the International Botanical Congress, with an Historical Introduction and
a Commentary. By Alihionse de Candolle. 2s. 6rf.

L. REEVE AND CO.’s PUBLICATIONS.

7

A SECOND CENTURY OE ORCHIDACEOUS 1 LAN IS,

selected from the subjects published in Curtis’s ‘ Botanical Magazine since
the issue of the ‘ First Century.’ Edited by James Bateman, Esq., F.R.S.
Complete in 1 Yol, royal 4to, 100 Coloured Plates, £5. 5s.

Durin°* the fifteen years that have elapsed since the publication of the en
,„r; 76rchid«c«oa!rl., no. o„t of pri.t to ' B.t.mc.1
been the means of introducing to the public nearly two hundred of this fa'0^ .
tribe of plants not hitherto described and figured or very imperfectiy so Th
volume contains a selection of 100 of the most beaaliM md b^ad^ted for
cultivation. The descriptions are revised and in many cases re-written, agreea y
with the present more advanced state of our knowledge and experience in the
cultivation of Orchidaceous plants, by Mr. Bateman, the acknowledged successor
of Dr. Lindley as the leading authority in this department of botany and hoi
ticulture.

MONOGRAPH OF ODONTOGLOSSTJM, a Genus of tlie

Vaudeous Section of Orchidaceous Plants. By James Bateman, Esq.,

F.R.S, Imperial folio. Parts I. to IV., each with 5 Coloured Plates, and

occasional Wood Engravings, 21s.

Designed for the illustration, on an unusually magnificent scale, of the new
and beautiful plants of this favoured genus of Orchidacea, which are being now
imported from the mountain-chains of Mexico, Central America, New Granada,
and Peru.

SELECT ORCHIDACEOUS PLANTS. By Robert War-
ner, F.R.H.S. With Notes on Culture by B. S. Williams. In Ten
Parts, folio, each, with 4 Coloured Plates, 12s. 6 d. ; or, complete in one

vol., cloth gilt, £6. 6s. -ton, iv.ii inn/

Second Series, Parts I. to VII., each, with 3 Coloured Plates, 10s. bd.

THE RHODODENDRONS OF SIKKIM-HIMALAYA;

being an Account, Botanical and Geographical, of the Rhododendrons re-
cently discovered in the Mountains of Eastern Himalaya from Drawings
and Descriptions made on the spot, by Dr. J. D. Hooker, F.R.S. By Sir
W. J. Hooker, F.R.S. Folio, 30 Coloured Plates, £4. 14s. 6 d.

Illustrations on a superb scale of the new Sikkim Rhododendrons, now being
cultivated in England, accompanied by copious observations on their distribution
and habits.

THE TOURISTS FLORA ; a Descriptive Catalogue of the

Flowering Plants and Ferns of the British Islands, France, Germany,
Switzerland, Italy, and the Italian Islands. By Joseph Woods, F.L.S.
Demy 8vo, B04 pp., 18s.

Designed to enable the lover of botany to determine the names of auy wild
plants he may meet with while journeying iu our own country and the countries
of the Continent most frequented by tourists. The author’s aim has been to
make the descriptions clear and distinct, und to comprise them within a volume
of not inconvenient bulk.

8

L. REEVE AND CO.’s PUBLICATIONS.

GENERA. PLANT ARUM, ad Exemplaria imprimis in Her-

bariis Kewensibus servata definita. By George Bentiiam, F.R.S., Pre-
sident of the Liunean Society, and Dr. J. D. Hooker, F.R.S., Director
of the Royal Gardens, Kew. Vol. I. Part I. pp. 454. Royal 8vo, 21.?.
Part II., 14i. ; Part III., 15s. ; or Vol. I. complete, 50s.

This important work comprehends an entire revision and reconstruction of the
Genera of Plants. Unlike the famous ‘ Genera Plantarum ’ of Eudlicher, which
is now out of print, it is founded on a personal study of every genus by one or
both authors. The First Vol. contains 82 Natural Orders and 2544 Genera.

ELORA YITIENSIS; a Description of the Plants of the

Viti or Fiji Islands, with an Account of their History, Uses, and Pro-
perties. By Dr. Bertiiold Seemann, F.L.S. Royal 4to, Parts I. to IX.
each, 10 Coloured Plates, 15. To be completed in 10 Parts.

This work owes its origin to the Government Mission to Viti, to which the
author was attached as naturalist. In addition to the specimens collected, the
author has investigated all the Polynesian collections of Plants brought to this
country by various botanical explorers since the voyage of Captain Cook.

ELORA OE THE ANTARCTIC ISLANDS. By Dr.

J. D. Hooker, F.R.S. Royal 4to, 2 vols., 574 pp., 200 Plates, £10. 15j.
coloured. Published under the authority of the Lords Commissioners of
the Admiralty.

The * Flora Antarctica’ illustrates the Botany of the southern districts of South
America and the various Antarctic Islauds, as the Falldands, Kerguelen’s Land,
Lord Auckland and Campbell’s Island, and 1370 species are enumerated aud
described- The plates, beautifully coloured, illustrate 370 species, including a
vast number of exquisite forms of Mosses aud Seaweeds.

ELORA OE TASMANIA. By Dr. J. D. Hooker, E.R.S.

Royal 4to, 2 vols., 972 pp., 200 Plates, £17- 10.?., coloured. Published
under the authority of the Lords Commissioners of the Admiralty.

The ‘Flora of Tasmania’ describes all the Plants, flowering and flowerless, of
that Island, consisting of 2203 Species, collected by the Author and others.
The Plates, of which there are 200, Illustrate 412 Species.

ON THE ELORA OE AUSTRALIA, its Origin, Affini-
ties, and Distribution ; being an Introductory Essay to the ‘ Flora of Tas-
mania.’ By Dr. J. D. Hooker, F.R.S. 128 pp., quarto, 10j.

ELORA OF THE BRITISH WEST INDIAN ISLANDS.

By Dr. GRiSEnACH, F.L.S. Demy 8vo, 806 pp., 37 s. 6 d. Published
under the auspices of the Secretary of State for the Colonies.

Containing complete systematic descriptions of the Flowering Plants and
Ferns of the British West Indian Islands, accompanied by an elaborate index of
reference, and a list of Colonial names.

L. REEVE AND CO.’S PUBLICATIONS.

9

FLORA OF TROPICAL AFRICA. By Daniel Oliver,

F.U.S., F.L.S. Vols. I. and II., 20*. each. Published under the authority
of the First Commissioner of Her Majesty’s Works.

This important and much-needed work embodies the researches of a long list
of explorers, the results of whose labours have been accumukting at the Royal
Gardens, Kew, and other museums, for many years past. The present volume
contains the Orders Ranunculacea to Connaraceai.

HANDBOOK OF THE NEW ZEALAND FLORA ; a

Systematic Description of the Native Plants of New Zealand, and the Chat-
ham, Kermadec’s, Lord Auckland’s, Campbell’s, and Macqnarne s Islands.
By Dr J. D. Hooker, F.R.S. Demy 8vo. Part I., 16*.; Part II., 14*. ,
or complete in one vol., 30*. Published under the auspices of the Govern-
ment of that colony.

A compendious account of the plants of New Zealand and outlying islands,
published under the authority of the Government of that colony. The first
Part contains the Flowering Plants, Perns, and Lycopods ; the Second the re-
maining Orders of Cryptogamia, or Flowerless Plants, with Index and Cata-
logues of Native Names and of Naturalized Plants.

FLORA AU STR ALIEN SIS ; a Description of the Plants of

the Australian Territory. By George Bentham, F.R.S., President of the
Liunean Society, assisted by Ferdinand Mueller, F.R.S., Government
Botanist, Melbourne, Victoria. Demy 8vo. Vols. I. to V., 20*. each. Pub-
lished under the auspices of the several Governments of Australia.

The materials for this great undertaking, the present volumes of which contain
three thousand closely-printed pages, are derived not only from the vast collec-
tions of Australian plants brought to this country by various botanical travel-
lers, and preserved in the herbaria of Kew and of the British Museum, includ-
ing'those hitherto unpublished of Banks and Solander, of Captain Cook’s first
Voyage, and of Brown in Flinders’, but from the very extensive and more re-
cently collected specimens preserved in the Government Herbarium of Mel-
bourne, under the superintendence of Dr. Ferdinand Mueller. The descriptions
re written in plain English, and are masterpieces of accuracy and clearness.

FLORA FIONGKONGENSIS ; a Description of the Flow-
ering Plants and Ferns of the Island of Hongkoug. By George Ben-
tham, P.L.S. With a Map of the Islaud. Demy 8vo, 550 pp., 16*.
Published under the authority of Her Majesty’s Secretary of State for the
Colonies.

The Island of Hongkong, though occupying an area of scarcelv thirtv square
miles, is characterized "by an extraordinarily varied Flora, partaking, however, of
that of South Continental China, of which comparatively little is known. The
number of Species enumerated in the present volume is 1056, derived chiefly
from materials collected by Mr. Hinds, Col. Champion, Dr. llance, Dr. Ilarlaud.
Mr. Wright, and Mr. Wilford.

10

Ii. llEEVE AND CO.’S PUBLICATIONS.

CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE ELOllA OF MENTONE,

AND TO A WINTER FLORA OF THE RIVIERA, INCLUDING
THE COAST FROM MARSEILLES TO GENOA. By J. Traherne
Moqgridge. Royal 8vo. Parts I., II., and 111., each, with 25 Coloured
Plates, 15i.

In this work a full page is devoted to the illustration of each Species, the
drawings being made by the author from specimens collected by him on the spot,
and they exhibit in vivid colours the beautiful aspect which many of our wild
flowers assume south of the Alps.

ILLUSTRATIONS OF THE NUEVA QUINOLOGIA

OF' PAVON, with Observations on the Barks described. By J. E. Howard,
F.L.S. With 27 Coloured Plates by W. F'itch. Imperial folio, half-
morocco, gilt edges, £6. C s.

THE QUINOLOGY OF THE EAST INDIAN PLANTA-

TIONS. By J. E. Howard, F’.L.S. Folio, 3 Coloured Plates, 21s.

REVISION OF THE NATURAL ORDER HEDERA-

CEiE, being a reprint, with numerous additions and corrections, of a series
of papers published in the ‘ Journal of Botany, British aud Foreign.’ By
Berthold Seemann, Ph.D., F.L.S. 8vo, 7 Plates. 10s. 6 d.

ILLUSTRATIONS OF THE GENUS CAREX. By

Francis Boott, M.D. Part IV. Folio, 189 Plates, £10.

ICONES PLANTARUM. Figures, with brief Descriptive

Characters and Remarks, of New and Rare Plants, selected from the
Author’s Herbarium. By Sir W. J. Hooker, F.R.S. New Scries, Vol. V.
Royal 8vo, 100 plates, 31i. 6 d.

FERNS.

BRITISFI FERNS; an Introduction to the study of the

F'eens, Lycopods, aud Equiseta indigenous to the British Isles. With
Chapters on the Structure, Propagation, Cultivation, Diseases, Uses, Pre-
servation, and Distribution of Ferns. By M. Plugs. Crown 8vo, 55
Wood-Engravings, 6.y. ; with 16 Coloured Plates by W. Fitch, IOj. 6 d.

One of the 1 New Series of Natural History for Beginners,’ accurately de-
scribing all the Ferns and' their allies found in Britain, with a Wood-Engraving
of each Species, and Coloured F'igures of 32 of the most interesting, including
magnified dissections showing the Venation aud Fructification.

L. REEVE AND CO.’S PUBLICATIONS.

11

THE BRITISH PERNS ; or, Coloured Figures and De-
scriptions, with the needful Analyses of the Fructification and Venation of
the Ferns of Great Britain and Ireland, systematically arranged. By Sir
\V. J. Hooker, F.R.S. Royal 8vo, 66 Plates, £2. 2 s.

The British Ferns and their allies are illustrated iu this work, from the
nencil of Mr. Fitch. Each Species has a Plate to itself, so that there is ample
room for the details, on a magnified scale, of Fructification and Venation. The
whole are delicately coloured by hand. In the letterpress an interesting account
is given with each species of its geographical distribution in other countries.

GARDEN PERNS; or, Coloured Figures and Descriptions,

with the needful Analyses of the Fructification and Venation, of a Selection
of Exotic Ferns, adapted for Cultivation in the Garden, Hothouse, and Con-
servatory. By Sir W. J. Hooker, F.R.S. Royal 8vo, 64 Plates, £2. 2s.

A companion volume to the preceding, for the use of those who take an in-
terest in the cultivation of some of the more beautiful and remarkable varieties
of Exotic Ferns. Here also each Species has a Plate to itself, and tim details ol
Fructification and Venation are given on a magnified scale, the Drawings being
from the pencil ot Mr. Fitch.

PILICES EXOTIC2E ; or, Coloured Figures and Description

of Exotic Ferns, chiefly of such as are cultivated in the Royal Gardens of
Kew. By Sir W. J. Hooker, F.R.S. Royal 4to, 100 Plates, £6. 11s.

One of the most superbly illustrated books of Foreign Ferns that has been
hitherto produced. The Species are selected both on account ot their beauty ot
form, siugular structure, and their suitableness for cultivation.

FERNY COMBES ; a Ramble after Ferns in the Glens and

Valleys of Devonshire. By Charlotte Chanter. Third Edition.
Fcp. 8vo, 8 coloured plates by Fitch, and a Map of the County, os.

MOSSES.

HANDBOOK OF BRITISH MOSSES, containing all that

are known to be Natives of the British Isles. By the Rev. M. J. Berkeley,
M.A., F.L.S. Demy 8vo, pp. 360, 24 Coloured Plates, 21s.

A very complete Manual, comprising characters of all the species, with the
circumstances of habitation of each; with special chapters on development and
structure, propagation, fructification, geographical distribution, uses, and mo es
of collecting and preserving, followed by an extensive series of coloured illustra-
tions, in which the essential portions of the plant nrc repeated, in every case on
a magnified scale.

12 L. REEVE AND CO.’s PUBLICATIONS.

SEAWEEDS.

BRITISH SEAWEEDS ; an Introduction to the Study of

the Marine Alga: of Great Britain, Ireland, and the Channel Islands. By
S. O. Gray. Crown 8vo, 6.v. ; with 16 Coloured Plates, drawn expressly
for the work by "W. Fitch, 10s. 6 d.

One of L. Reeve and Co.’s ‘ New Series,’ briefly but accurately describing,
according to the classification of the best and most recent authorities, all the
Algae found on our coasts.

PHYCOLOGrIA BR1TANNICA; or, History of British

Seaweeds, containing Coloured Figures, Generic aud Specific Characters,
Synonyms and Descriptions of all the Species of Algae inhabiting the.
Shores of the British Islands. By Dr. W. H. Harvey, F.R.S. Royal
8vo, 4 vols., 765 pp., 360 Coloured Plates, £7- 10s.

This work, originally published in 1851, is still the standard work on the
subject of which it treats. Each Species, excepting the minute ones, has a
Plate to itself, with magnified portions of structure and fructification, the whole
being printed in their natural colours, finished by hand.

PHYCOLOGIA AUSTRAL1CA; a History of Australian

Seaweeds, comprising Coloured Figures and Descriptions of the more cha-
racteristic Marine Alga; of New South Wales, Victoria, Tasmania, South
Australia and Western Australia, and a Synopsis of all known Australian
Algro. By Dr. Harvey, F.R.S. Royal 8vo, 5 vols., 300 Coloured Plates,
£7. 13«.

This beautiful work, the residt of an arduous personal exploration of the
shores of the Australian continent, is got up in the style of the ‘ Phycologia
Britannica’ by the same author. Each Species has a Plate to itself, with ample
magnified delineations of fructification and structure, embodying a variety of
most curious and remarkable forms.

NEREIS AUSTRALIS ; or, Algae of the Southern Ocean,

being Figures and Descriptions of Marine Plants collected on the Shores
of the Cape of Good Flope, the extratropical Australian Colonies, Tas-
mania, New Zealand, and the Antarctic Regions. By Dr. Harvey, F.R.S.
Imperial 8vo, 50 Coloured Plates, £2. 2s.

A selection of Fifty Species of remarkable forms of Seaweed, not included in
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IS

FUNGI.

OUTLINES OE BRITISH E UN OOLOGY, containing

Characters of above a Thousand Species of Fungi, and a Complete List of
all that have been described as Natives of the British Isles. By the Rev.
M. J. Berkeley, M.A., F.L.S. Demy 8vo, 484 pp., 24 Coloured Plates,
30s.

Although eutitled simply ‘Outlines,’ this is a good-sized volume, of nearly 500
pages, illustrated with more than 200 Figures of British Fungi, all carefully
coloured by hand. Of above a thousand Species the characters are given, and
a complete list of the names of all the rest.

THE ESCULENT EUNGUSES OE ENGLAND. Con-
taining an Account of their Classical History, Uses, Characters, Develop-
ment, Structure, Nutritious Properties, Modes of Cooking and Preserving,
etc. By C. D. Badham, M.D. Second Edition. Edited by F. Currey,
F.R.S. Demy 8vo, 152 pp., 12 Coloured Plates, 12s.

A lively classical treatise, written with considerable epigrammatic humour,
with the view of showing that we have upwards of 30 Species of Fungi abounding
in our woods capable of affording nutritious and savoury food, but w hich, from
ignorance or prejudice, are left to perish ungathered. “ I have indeed grieved,”
says the Author, “when reflecting on the straitened condition of the lower
orders, to see pounds of extempore beefsteaks growing on our oaks, in the shape
of Fistulina hepatica; Puff-balls, which some have not inaptly compared to
sweetbread ; Hydna, as good as oysters ; and Agaricus deliciosus, reminding us of
tender lamb-kidney.” Superior coloured Figures of the Species are giveu from
the pencil of Mr. Fitch.

ILLUSTRATIONS OF BRITISH MYCOLOGY, com-
prising Figures and Descriptions of the Funguses of interest and novelty
indigenous to Britain. By Mrs. T. J. Hussey. Royal 4to ; First Series,
90 Coloured Plates, £7. 12s. 6 d.\ Second Series, 50 Coloured Plates,
£4. 10s.

This beautifully-illustrated work is the production of a lady who, being an
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folio of exquisite drawings of the more attractive forms and varieties of British
Fungi. The publication was brought to an end with the 140th Plate by her
sudden decease. The Figures are mostly of the natural size, carefully coloured
by hand.

CLAVIS AGARICINORUM : an Analytical Key to the

British Agariciui, with Characters of the Genera and Subgeucra. By
Worthington G. Smith, F.L.S. Six Plates. 2s. M.

14

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SHELLS AND MOLLUSKS.

♦- —

ELEMENTS OF CONCHOLOGY ; an Introduction to the

Natural History of Shells, and of the Animals which form them. By
Lovell Reeve, F.L.S. Royal 8vo, 2 vols., 478 pp., 62 Coloured Plates,
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Intended as a guide to the collector of shells in arranging aud naming his
specimens, while at the same time inducing him to study them with reference
to their once living existence, geographical distribution, and habits. Forty-
six of the plates are devoted to the illustration of the genera of shells, and
sixteen to shells with the living animal, all beautifully coloured by hand.

CONCHOLOGIA ICONICA ; or, Figures and Descriptions

of the Shells of Molluslcs, with remarks on their Affinities, Synonymy, and
Geographical Distribution. By Lovell Reeve, F.L.S. Demy 4to, pub-
lished monthly in Parts, 8 Plates, carefully coloured by hand, HD.

Of this work, comprising illustrations of Shells of the natural size, nearly
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genus, as the work progresses, is issued separately, with Title and Index ; and an
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cured of the publishers on application. The system of nomenclature adopted
is that of Lamarck, modified to meet the exigencies of later discoveries. With
the name of each species is given a summary of its leading specific characters
in Latin and English ; then the authority for the name is quoted, accompanied
by a reference to its original description ; and next in order are its Synonyms.
The habitat of the species is next given, accompanied, where possible, by par-
ticulars of soil, depth, or vegetation. Finally, a few general remarks are offered,
calling attention to the most obvious distinguishing peculiarities of the species,
with criticisms, when necessary, on the views of other writers. At the com-
mencement of the genus some notice is taken of the animal, aud the habitats
of the species are worked up into a general summary of the geographical distri-
bution of the genus.

CONCHOLOGIA ICONICA IN MONOGRAPHS.

Genera.

Achatina ....

AcHATINBLLA,

Adamsiella

Akera

Amphidesma

Ampullaeia

Anastoma

Anatina

Ancillakia...

Anoulotos...

Anodon

Anomia

Aplustrum ...

Apltsia

Abca

Aroonauta ...

Artkmib

Aspkbqillum

Atxs

Avioula

Bucoinum ...
Bulimus

£. «.

d.

Genera.

Plates.

£. 8.

. 33

... 1 9

0

Bulla

G

... 0 8

A

0 8

0

4

2

0 3

0

Calyptr^a

8

... 0 10

. i

6

Cancellaria

... 1 3

. 7

0

Capsa

1

... 0 1

I IB

6

2

... 0 3

, 1

... 0 1

6

Cardita

9

... 0 11

. 4

... 0 5

6

Cardicm

22

. 12

... 0 15

G

Carinaria

1

1

. 37

... 2 7

0

Cassis

12

... 0 15

n in

8

3

. 1

... 0 1

0

Ceriteidea

4

... 0 5

. 10

0

Cerithium

20

. 17

.... 1 1

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Ckama

9

... 0 11

. 4

.... 0 5

6

ClIAMOSTREA

1

... 0 1

. 10

.... 0 13

0

Chiton

33 .....

. 4

.... 0 5

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Cuitonellus

1

5

.... 0 G

G

ClIONDROPOM A ..

11

... o 14

. 18

.... 1 3

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Cl HOE

... 0 13

.. 14

.... 0 18

0

COLUMDELLA

37

. «y

.... G 12

0

CoNonoLurAS

d.

0

6

6

0

fl

0

6

0

6

6

G

0

6

6

G

6

0

G

0

0

U

0

L. REEVE

AND CO.’

S PUBLICATIONS.

15

£. ». <1.

Genera. Plates.

<£'. 8. d.

6(i

.. 3 11 0

Na-vicella & Latia...

8 ...

fi

0 6 6

Nertta

19 ...

14 0

1

..016

Neritina

37 ...

2 7 0

X

0 4 0

Niso

1 ...

0 16

Crenatula

2

..030

Oliva

30 ...

1 18 0

Crkpidula

5

..066

Oniscia

1 ...

Crucibulum ...

..090

Orbicula

1 ...

0 16

CuCULL/EA

1

..016

Ovulum

14 ...

0 18 0

Cyclophorus...

20

..156

Paludina

ii ...

0 14 0

Cyclostoma ...

23

..1 9 0

Paludomus

3 ...

0 4 0

Cyclotus

9

.. 0 11 6

Partula

4 ...

Cymbium

26

.. 1 13 0

Patella

42 ...

2 13 0

Cypr^a

.. 1 14 6

Pecten

35 ...

2 4 6

Cypricardia ...

2

..030

Pectunculus

9 ...

0 11 6

Cytherea

10

... 0 13 0

Pedum

1 ...

Delphinula ...

5

...0 6 6

Perna

6 ...

0 8 0

■p

12

.. 0 15 6

Phasianella

6 ...

Dolaeella

2

...0 3 0

Phorus

3 ...

0 4 0

Dolabripera

1

... 0 1 6

Pinna

34 ...

2 3 0

Dolium

8

... 0 10 6

Pirena

2 ...

0 3 0

Donax

9

... 0 11 6

Placunanomia

3 ...

Ebubna

1

...016

Pleiodon

1 ...

3

..040

Pl.EUROBRANCHUS

1 ...

0 16

Eulima

6

...0 8 0

Pleueotoma

40 ...

2 10 6

Fasciolabia ...

7

...0 9 0

POTAMIDES

1 ...

0 1 6

Ficula

1

...0 16

PsAMMOBIA

8 ...

0 10 6

Fissurella ...

16

...10 6

PSAMMOTELLA

1 ..

0 16

Fusus

21

...16 6

Pterocera

6 ..

0 8 0

Galatea

...080

Pterooyclos

5 ..

0 6 6

Glauconome ...

1

... 0 16

Purpura

13 ..

0 16 6

. 1

...0 16

PXRAMIDELLA

6 ..

0 8 0

Haliotis

17

... 1 1 6

Pyrazus

1 ...

0 1 6

H AMINE A

5

...0 6 6

Pyrula

9 ..

0 11 6

. 4

... 0 5 6

8 ..

0 10 6

Helix

210

...13 5 0

Bicinula

6 ..

0 8 0

Hemifecten....

1

...0 1 6

Rostellaria

3 ..

0 4 6

Hemisinus

6

...0 8 0

Sanguinolabia

1 ..

0 16

Hinnites

1

...01 6

SCARABUS

3

0 4 0

Hippopus

1

...016

Scutus

2

0 3 0

2

.030

5 ..

0 6 6

Hyria

5

...066

SlMPULOPBlS

2 ..

0 3 0

Ianthina

6

.... 066

SlPHONARIA

7 ..

0 9 0

Io

3

.... 0 4 0

Solarium

3 ..

0 4 0

Iridina

q

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SOLETELLINA

4 ..

0 5 6

ISOCARDIA

i

.... 016

Spondylus

18 ..

1 3 0

Lampania

0

.... 030

Steombus

. 19 ..

1 4 0

Leiostbaca

3

.... 0 4 0

Struthiolabia

. 1 .

0 1 6

Leftofoma

8 ....

.... 0 10 6

Tapes

13 ..

0 16 6

Lingula

0

.... 030

Telescopium

. 1 ..

0 1 6

Lithodomus .

5 ....

.... 066

Tellina

3 13 6

Littorina ....

18 ....

.... 1 3 0

Terkbba

. 27 ..

1 14 6

11 ....

.... 0 14 0

Tehebellum

. 1 ..

0 1 6

Lutraria

5 ....

.... 0 6 6

Terebkatula & Ryn

-

Mactra

21 ....

.... 166

CIIONELLA

. 11 .

0 14 0

Malleus

3 ....

.... 0 4 0

Thhacia

. 3 .

0 4 0

Mangelia

.... 0 10 6

Tornatella

. 4 .

0 5 6

Marginella .

.... 1 14 6

Tiudacna

. 8 .

0 10 6

Melania

69 ....

.... 3 14 6

Trigonia

. 1 .

0 1 6

M KLANOPBIS....

0 4 0

Triton

. 20 .

15 6

Melatoma ....

3 ....

0 4 0

Trochita

. 3 .

0 4 0

M EROB

.... 0 4 0

Troohus

. 16 .

1 0 6

Mesalia & Eglisia... 1 ....

0 1 6

Tugalia

. 1 .

0 1 6

Mksodesma....

0 5 6

Tugonia

. 1 .

0 1 6

M ETA

1 ....

0 1 6

Turbinella

. 13 .

0 16 6

M ITRA

39 ....

2 9 6

Turbo

. 13 .

0 16 6

Modiola

11 ....

0 14 0

Tuhbitklla

. 11 .

0 14 0

Monocbrob....

4 ....

0 5 6

Tympanotonos

. 2 .

.; 0 3 0

M URKX

37 ....

2 7 0

Umbrella

.. 1 .

0 1 6

Myadoka

1 ....

0 1 6

Unio

6 1 0

Mycetopus .

4 ....

0 5 6

Venus

1 13 0

Myocuama ...

0 1 6

Vertagus

.. 6 .

0 6 6

Mytilus

11 ....

0 14 0

VlTlIINA

.. 10 .

0 13 0

Nassa

1 17 0

Voli/ta

.. 22 .

1 8 0

Natica

30 ...

1 1H 0

.. 2 .

0 3 0

Nautilus

0 8 0

ZlZYI’IIIN US

.. 8 .

0 10 6

16

L. REEVE AND CO.’S PUBLICATIONS.

CONCHOLOGIA INDICA ; being Illustrations of the

Land and Freshwater Shells of British India. Edited by Sylvanus
Hanley, F.L.S., and William Theobald, of the Geological Survey of
India. 4to, Part I. and II., each, with 20 Coloured Plates, 20,s.

For want of a comprehensive book of reference, the land and freshwater
shells of British India are less known in Europe and America than those of
countries less frequented by travellers. To meet this acknowledged want, this
first attempt at a special conchology of our Indian eiupire has been essayed.

THE EDIBLE MOLLUSKS OE GREAT BRITAIN AND

IRELAND, with the modes of cooking them. By M. S. Lovell. Crown
8vo, 5s. ; with 12 Coloured Plates, 8,?. 6 d.

INSECTS.

BRITISH INSECTS. A Eamiliar Description of the Eorm,

Structure, Habits, and Transformations of Insects By E. F. Staveley,
Author of “ British Spiders.” Crown 8vo, with 16 beautifully Coloured
Steel Plates and numerous Wood Engravings, 14s.

“This little work is planned on the supposition that the reader knows
nothing scientifically of the insect world, but that he has exercised some degree
of observation on such common species as must have come before him. From
this it is attempted to lead him on to a geueral idea of the structure and classifi-
cation of insects.” — Preface.

BRITISH BEETLES ; an Introduction to the Study of our

Indigenous Coleoptera. By E. C. Rye. Crown 8vo, 16 Coloured
Steel Plates, comprising Figures of nearly 100 Species, engraved Rom
Natural Specimens, expressly for the work, by E. W. Robinson, and li
Wood-Engravings of Dissections by the Author, ND.

This little work forms one of a New Scries designed to assist young per-
sons to a more profitable, and, consequently, more pleasurable observation of
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BRITISH BEES'; an Introduction to the Study of the Na-
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By W E. Shuckard. Crown 8vo, 16 Coloured Steel Plates, containing
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work, by E. W. Robinson, and Woodcuts of Dissections, 10.S. 6 d.

A companion volume to that on British Beetles, treating of the structure,
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L. REEVE AND CO.’S PUBLICATIONS. 17

BRITISH BUTTERFLIES AND MOTHS; an Introduc-
tion to the Study of our Native Lepidoptera. By H. T Sainton.
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son, and Wood-Engravings, 10s. 6 d.

Another of the ‘ New Series of Natural History for Beginners and Amateurs,
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BRITISH SPIDERS ; an Introduction to the Study of the

Araneid.® found in Great Britain and Ireland. By E. F. Staveley.
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Genera, drawn expressly for the work by Tuffen West, and 44 Wood-
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One of the ‘New Series of Natural History for Beginners,’ and companion
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and classification of Spiders, and describes those found in Britain, with notes on
their habits and hints for collecting and preserving.

CURTIS’S BRITISH ENTOMOLOGY. Illustrations and

Descriptions of the Genera of Insects found in Great Britain and Ireland,
containing Coloured Figures, from nature, of the most rare and beautiful
species, and, in many instances, upon the plants on which they are found.
Royal 8vo, 8 vols., 770 Plates, coloured, £21.

Or in separate Monographs.

Plates.

£ 8.

d.

Orders.

Plates.

£.

*.

d.

Aphanipteba

2 ...

0 2

0

Hymi.nopteba

. 4

0

0

COLEOPTEBA

256 ...

8 0

0

Lepidopteba

. 6

0

0

Debmapteba

1 ...

0 1

0

Neueoppera

13 .

. 0

9

0

Dictyopteea

1 ...

0 1

0

Omaloptbba

6 .

. 0

4

6

103 ...

3 5

0

Obthopteba

5 .

. 0

4

0

Hemiptera

32 ...

1 1

0

Strepsiptera

3 .

. o

2

6

Homoftkra

21 ...

0 14

0

Teiouoptera

9 .

. 0

6

6

‘ Curtis’s Entomology,’ which Cuvier pronounced to have “ reached the ulti-
matum of perfection,” is still the standard work on the Genera of British In-
sects. The Figures executed by the author himself, with wonderful minuteness
and accuracy, have never been surpassed, even if equalled. The price at which
the work was originally published was £43. 16s.

1NSECTA BR1TANNICA; Yol. III., Diptera. By Ehancis

Walker, F.L.S. 8vo, with 10 Plates, 25s.

18

L. EEEVE AND CO.’S PUBLICATIONS.

ANTIQUARIAN.

SACRED ARCHAEOLOGY ; a Popular Dictionary of Eccle-
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toms, Ritual Symbolism, Ceremonial Traditions, Religious Orders, etc., of
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Demy 8vo, 18s.

Mr. Walcott’s 1 Dictionary of Sacred Archteology’ is designed to satisfy a great
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is the object which has been kept in view in the compilation now offered to the
public. In no work of the kind has the English public, it is confidently believed,
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student will here find himself put readily upon the track for following up any
particular line of inquiry, of which the Dictionary has given him the first outlines.

A MANUAL OP BRITISH ARCHAEOLOGY. By

Charles Boutell, M.A. Royal lfimo, 398 pp., 20 Coloured Plates,
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A treatise on general subjects of antiquity, written especially for the student
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SHAKESPEARE'S SONNETS, Facsimile, by Photo-Zinco-
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