r ,y i- b \a. i- c< ;> y; f Englifh Phyficiail ENLARGED With Three Hundred and Sixty-Nine MEDICINES, MADE OF ENGLISH HERBS, That were not in any Impression until This. BEING An Ajirologo-Phyftcal Difcourfe of the Vulgar Herbs of this Nation, containing a complete Method of Phyfic, whereby a Man may preferve his Body in Health, or' cure himfelf, being Sick, for T.hree-pence Charge, with fuch Things only as grow in England, they being moft fit for Ehglifli Bodies. Herein ts aJfo Jhewedy 1. TheWayofmakingPlaifiers, Ointments, Oils, Poul- tices, Syrups, Decodions, Juleps, orWaters of all Sorts of Phyfical Herbs, that you may have them ready for your Ufe at all Times of the Year.— 2. What Planet governeth every Herb or Tree (ufed in Phyfic) thatgroweth in England.-3. The Time of gathering all Herbs, both Vulgarly and Aftrologically.— 4. The Way of drying and keeping the Herbs all the Year 5* Jhe Way of keeping their Juice ready for Ufe at all Times.--6 Jhe Way of making and, keeping all kinds of ufeful Compounds made of Hcr|)s.— 7, Tlie Way of mixing Medicines according, to the Caufe and Mixture of the Difeafe, and Part of,^ie Body afflided; NICH. ^LPippER, Gent. ■ Student in Physic and Astrology. London: Printed for J. Scatcherd. 4vt.Maria.Lahe % J. Walker, Patermjitr-ro'w, W. Lowndesv Fleet ■ Jlr tet \ and Barker and Son,"^ Great RuJfell-Jlrect , Covent-gardtn, [?RICE 3s 6(1.1 M D C C C I, ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS LIBRARY CLASS (of ACCN. !3<^q3 SOURCE f DATE An Alphabetical TABLE of the Herbs and Plants; alfo what Planet go- verneth them. A MARA dulcis, is under MER- CURY - Page I All-Heal, is under the dominion of MARS - a Alkanet, is under the dominion of VENUS - - 3 Adder's Tongue, is under the MOON in CANCER - 4 ■Agrimony, isunderJUP. and the lign CANCER - -5 WaterjAgrimony, is under JUP. and the fign CANCER - 7 Alehoof, is under VEN. 8 Alexander, or Alifander, is under JUP. - . 9 Black Alder Tree, is under VEN. 10 Common Alder Tree, is under VEN. - - n Angelica, is under the SUN in LEO - " . ,s Amaranthus,is under the dominion ofSAT. - - 14 Anemone, is under MARS 15 Garden Arrach, is under the MOON - . J7 Arrach, wild and ftinking, is un- der the dominion of VENUS and the fign SCORPIO i6 Archangel, red, white, yellow, are under VENUS - ,7 Arfniart, and Dead Arfmart, un- der SATURN and MARS 19 Afarabacca, is under MARS ao Afparagus and prickly Sparagus, are under JUP, * Artichokes, arc under VEN. 144 Afli Tree, is governed by the SUN Avehs, is under JUP. Arum, fee Cuckoo-pint Alecoft, fee Coftmary Aparine, fee Clever Acanthus, fee Brank Urfine Ammi and Ammios, fee Bilhop’s weed S Balm, is an Herb of JUP, 43 Barbary, is under MARS 26 Barley is a notable plant of SA- TURN - - ay Garden Balil, or Sweet Bafil, is an herb of, MARS and under the fign SCORPIO - ay The Bay Tree is a tree of the SUN under the fign LEO 28 Beans are under VEN. 30 French Beans belong to VEN. 31 Ladles Bedftraw, is under VEN.32 Beets, the red under SAT. and the white under JUP. 33 Water Betony, called alfo Brown VVort, and Bilhop’s Leaves, an herb of JUP. . 34 Wood Betony, appropriated to JUP and the fign ARIES Beech Tree is under SAT. Bilberries, is under JUP. Bifoylisaplantof SAT. Birch Tree, is under VEN. Blrds-foot, belongs to SAT Bl/hop’s Weed, or Bulwort, is un derVEN. . Biftort, is under SAT. 4, One Blade is an herb of the SUN43 ® * Bramble^ 3S 37 38 38 38 40 A TABLE of the Herbs: , Bramble, or Black-berry bufli, a plantof VEN. in ARJES 43. Elites are under the dominion of VEN. - - - 44 Borage and Buglos are under JUP. 45 Blue-bottle, and Blue-blow, are under SAT. - - 46 Brankurfine and Bear’s breech, are under the MOON - 47 Briory, is under MARS 48 Brooklime, is under MARS 50 Butcher’s Broom and Brufeus, are under MARS - 51 Broom and Broom rape, are under MARS - 52 Bucks-horn Plantane, is under SAT. - . - S3 Bucklbhorn is under SAT. 54 Bugles, or Brown Bugles, i S unde’’ VEN. ... 55 Burnet, an herb of the SUN 56 Butter-bur, an herb of the SUN 58 Burdock, an herb of VEN. 59 Bitter-fweet, fee Amaradulcis Spanilh Buglofs, fee Alkanet Bruifewort, fee Sopewort Bare-foot, fee black Hellebore Baldmoncy, fee Gentian Brimftone-wort, fee Fennel Barba-aron, fee Cuckow-point Balfam herb, fee Coftmary ®ull’s-foot, fee Colt’s-foot Bleffed Thiftle, fee Carduus Bene_ didlus Bipennula, fee Burnot Ballard Agrimony, fee Water Agri- mony C Cabbages and Coleworts, are herb^ «f the MOON : - 60 The Sea Colewort, the MOON owns it gj Calomint, or Mountain Mint, i« an herb pf MERCURY - 6z Camomile is under the SUN 63 Water Caltrops, or Caltrops are un- der the government of the MOON - . 64 CompionsWild, are under the SUN 65 Carduus Benedlftus, is an herb of MARS 66 Carrots are under MER, 67 Carraway is under MER; 6t Celandine, an herb of the SUN 69 The lelTer Celandine is under MARS - - . 71 The ordinary fmall Centaur/j is an herb of the SUN - 72 The Cherry-tree is under VEN. 73 Winter Cherry, a plant of VEN. 74 Chervil Carefolium is under JUP. 75 Sweet Chervil and Sweet Cicely are under JUP. - 76 Chefnut Tree is under JUP. 77 Earth Chelnuts and Ciper Nuts, are under VEN. - _ Chickweed, under the MOON 77 Chick Peafe, or Cicers, is under VEN. - - 78 Cinquefoil, an herb of JUP. 79 Cives, Chives, and Chivet, arc under MARS - 81 Clary, or Clear Eyes, is under the MOON - - 81 Wild Clary, or Chrill’s Eye, is un- der the MOON - 8a Clevers and Clavers, arc under the MOON - - 83 Clown’s As alfo what Planet governeth them. Clown’s Wound-wort is under SATURN - . - 84 Cock’s-Head is under VEN. 85 Coliunbines, are under VEN. 86 Coltsfoot, or Coughwort, is under VEN. . - 86 Comfrey is an herb of S AT. 87 Coralwort, under the MOON 89 Coftmary, is under JUP. 90 Cudweed, or Cotton Wood, is an herb of VEN. - 90 Cowllips, are under VEN. 91 Crabs Claw is under VEN. 92 Black Crefles, under M ARS 93 Sciatica Crelfes, under SAT. 93 Water Crefles,' are under the MOON - 94 Crofl'wort is under SAT. 95 Crowfodt, is under MARS 96 Guckowpint, or Pintle, or Calves foot, is under M. - 97 Cucumbers, are under the MOON 99 Caterach, fee Spleenwort Carpenter’s herb, fee Self-heal Canunock, fee Reft -harrow Corn Rofe, fee Poppy Champetys, fee Ground Pin* Callians, fee Orchis ’ Catmint, fee Nep Cuckow Flowers, fee Ladies Smock Chriftmas Herb, fee Black Helle- bore Call me to you, fee Heart’s Eafe Crane's Bill, fee Dove’s-foot Crop, fee Darnel ■Middle Confound, Comfrey, or herb. Carpenter, fee Bugle Clovewort, fee Avens ■ Catsfoot, fee Alehoof D Daifies are governed by VEN. and under CAN. - - 100 Dandelion is under JUP. 100 Darnel is under SAT. 10a Dill is under MER. - 102 Devil’s Bit is under VEN . 103 Docks are under JUP. 104 Dodder of Thyme, and other Dod- ders, are under SAT. J05 Dog’s Grafs is un^er JUP. 106 Dove’s Foot is a Martial Plant 107 Duck’s Meat, CANCER claims the herb, and the MOOJM will be Lady of it - ' loS Down, or Cotton Thiftle, is under MARS - . - loS Dragons, is a plant of MARS 109 Great round leaved Dock, or Baf- tard Rhubarb' - J09 Garden Patience, fee Monk’s Rhur barb Dyer’s Weed, fee Wold and Weld Dittander, fee Pepper Wort Dog’s Stone, fee Orchis Dewberry Biifli, fee Goofeberry bufli Drop Wort, fee Filipendula Dent-aria, fee Coral Wort Dragon Wort, fee Biftort Dog’s and Goat’s Arrach, fee Ar- rach wild and ftinking Corn Flowers, fee Blue Bottle Cummin Royal, and Ethiopian Cummin feed, for both, fee Bi- Aop-’s Wood E Elder Tree, is under. VEN. no Dwarf Elder is under VEN. i xo Elm 'I rcc is under SAT. . m Endivi 83 A TABLE ■Endive is under VEN. Elicamp'anp is under MER. H3 ErinfeO is a venereal plant n4 Eye-Brieht, the SUN claims do- minion over it, and it is under the LION - - ”5 Epithimum, fee Dodder of Thyme Earth Nuts, fee Earth Chefnuts Englilh Serpentary, fee Biftort Eupatorium, fee Water Agrimony of tfic Herbs; Five finger, ot five leaved grafs, ft® Cinquefoil Fig-wort, fee the lefler Celandine Flower-gentle, Florimen, and "Vel- vet Flower, fee Amaranthus G Gentian is under MARS X3+ Clove G'llliflowers are under the V Fern is under MER . i J ° Water Fern is under SAT. 1 17 Featherfew is under 'VEN. n8 Fennel is an herb of MERCURY, and under "VIRGO i>9 Sow Fennel and Hog’s Fennel are herbs of MER. - Fig wort is under "VEN. i-x Fifipendula is under "VEN. Fig-Tree is under JU P. ,'Flic yellow Water Flag, or Flower- de-luce, is under the MOON 124 Flax-weed is under MARS J25 Flea Wort is under SAT. Flax-weed is under SAT. ia-7 Flcwer-de-luce - " Fluellin, or Lluellin, is a LUN Ai herb - " Foxglove is under "VEN. ’3° Fumitoryis under SAT. 13* Furz Bulh, is under MARS 1 53 Felwort, fee Gentian Frog’s foot, fee Crow’s foot Fre(h Water Soldier, fee Crab’s claws Foal’s foot, fee Colt’s foot dominion of J UP. ^35 Germander, is under MER. 13* Stinking Gladwin is under SAT. 137 Goldeniod, VEN. claims it ' i3S Gout-wort, or Herb Gerratd, SAT, rules it - " *39 Gromwcll, three forts are undet VEN. - *39 Goofeberry bulk, under VEN. 140 Winter-green is under SAT. 141 Grounfel is under VEN. *4* Garden Patience, fee Monk’s Rhu- barb Goat-ftones, fee Orchis Gofts, fee Furz Bulh Quick-grafs, or Couch-grafs, fcfi ' Dog’s grafs Gold knobs. Gold Cups, fee Cow-- foot Goofe-grafs, or Goofe-lharc, fees Clevcrs Ground nuts, fee Earth Chefnuts Gill-go-by Ground, andGill-creep-- by Ground, fee Alc-hoof H Hercules All-hcsl, fee All-heal Hercules Woundwort, fee All-hen Heart!.- As alfo what Planet governeth them. Hearts-eafeisSATURNlNE 143 Hearts-tongue, under JUP. 144 Hazel-nut is under MER. 1 45 Hawk-weed is under SAT. 146 Hawthorn is under MARS 147 Hemlock is under SAT. 147 Hemp is under SAT. 149 Henbane is under SAT. 149 Hedge hyflbp,’ under MARS 151 Black-Hellebore, an herbofSAT. 15Z Herb Robert is under VEN. 153 Herb Truelove, is under VEN.154 Hyflbp is under JUP. 155 Hops are under MARS 156 Horehound is under MER. 157 Horfe-tail is under SAT. 158 Houfleek Ts under JUP. 159 Hound’s Tongue is under MER. 160 Holly, Holm, or Hulver bulh, is under SAT. - i6i Honey-fuckles, fee Meadow-tre- foil Honey-fuckle, fce Woodbine Small Houfleek, fee Stone-crop Heliotropium, feeTurnfole Hook-bead, fee Self-heal Horfe-rhadilh, fecRhadilh Herb Two-pence, fee Money-wort Horfe-ftrange, and Horfe-ftrong, fee Hog’s Fennel Horfe-hoof, fee Colt’s-foot Holy Thiftlc, fee Carduus Benc- didbus Harts- horn, Herba-ftella, Hcrba ftellaria. Herb-eye, and Herb- ivy, fee Buckthorn Hearl-ficklc, fee Blue-bottle Herb William, fee Bilhops-weed Herb Bennett, fee Avens Horfe-parfley, fee Alexander Haymaids, fee Alehoof Hepatoriura, fee Water Agrimony J St.John’s Wort is under the SUN, and the lign LEO 161 Ivy is under SAT. i6z Juniper-bufli is a SOLAR herb -- 163 St. James’s-wort, fee Rag- wort Juray, fee Darnel Jarus, fee Cuckow-point Ground-jvy, fee Ale-hoof 1' K Kidney-wort is under VEN. 163 Knapweed is under SAT. >65 Knot-grafs is under SAT. King’s Clever, feeMelilot 166 Knight’s Pound-wort, fee Crab- claws Knee-holm, Knee-holly, Kne«- hulvex, fee Butcher’s Broom j L Ladles Mantle, is governed by VEN. - - i6* Lavender, MER. owns it 169 Lavender - cotton, MERCURY governs it - - 169 Ladies Smock, the MOON go- verns it - I JO Lettuce, the MOON owns it 170 Water Lilly, white and yellow, are under the MOON - jyj Lilly of the Valley, Gonval Lilly, May Lilly, ana Lilly Confancy, arc under MER. - 171 » ^ Whin* •A T A B Li E of the Herbs* White Lillies are governed b y the MOON - - 173 Liquorice, MERCURY governs it ib. Liverwort, is under JUP. 174 Loofe-ftrife, under the MOON 17s Loofe-ftrife, with fpiked heads of flowers, is an herb of the MOON - - ib. Lovage, an herb of the S. 177 Lung-wort, an herb of JUPITER 178 Love in Tdlenefs, fee Hearts-Eafe Locher’s Goulons, fee Crowfoot Lappa Major, fee Burdock Ladies Seal, fee Briony Langue de hcuf, fee Borage and Buglofs ]8S are i8g J50 194 »95 Medlar, is under SATURN jSy Melilot, or King’s Clover, is under MERCURY French and Dogs Mercury, under VENUS Mint, an herb of VEN. Miflelto, under the SUN Money-wort, under VEN. Moon-wort, the MOON owns it 196 Mofles, SATURN owns them 197 Mother-wort, under VEN. igS Moufe-ear, under MOON jgg Mugwort, under VENUS 200 Mulberry-tree, MERCURY owns Jt - - aoi Mullein, SATURN owns it 20a Muftard, is under MARS 203 Hedge Muftard, MARS owns it zof M Moral, fee Araara Dulcis Madder, an herb of MARS 178 Maiden hair, or Wall-rue, is under MERCURV . 179 Golden Maiden-hair, an herb of MERCURY - 180 Mallows and Marflimallows, are under VENUS - j8i Maple-tree, is under JUP. 184 Wild, liaftaid, and Grove Marjo- ram, arc under MERCURY ib. Sweet Marjoram, an herb of MERCURY . - ib. Marigolds, arc herbs of the SUN 1S6 Mafter-wort, an herb of MER- CURY - - ib. Sweet Maudlin, an herb of JU- PITEIC - .187 Medick-fetch, fee Cock’s head Myrrhs, fee Chervil Macedonian parfley feed, fee Alex> ander - N Nailwort Nep Catmint, under VENUS lb. Nettles are under MARS 207 Nightlhade, under SATURN aof Dead Nettles, fee Archangel 0 Oak, JUPITER owns it Oats 211 One Blade, SUN owns it ib. Orchis, is under VENUS ib. Onions, aie under MARS 212 Orpine, the MOON owns it 213 One-berry, herb True-love, is under VENUS JS4 Orgalns, Origanum, fee wild Mar- joram ODnond As alfo what Planet governeth them. Ofmond Royal, fee Water Fern Ox-tonfeue, lee Buglofs Oyfter-loit, fee Biftort Orach and Oragi, fee Garden Ar* rach Opoponax-wort, fee All-heaJ- Orchanet, fee Alkanet P Parfley is under MER. - 214 Parfley-piert, or Parfley Break- fl-one ... ij- Parfnip is under VEN. — 216 Cow Parfnip, under MER. 217 Peach-Trte belongs to VEN. ib. Pear-Tree - - jijj Peilitory of Spain under MER- CURY - _ 220 Peilitory of the Wall, MERCURY Privet, the MOON rules 24* Park-leaves, fee Tutfan Prick-madam, fee Stone-crop Prunel, fee Self-heal Panfy, fee Heart’s eafe Pifs-a-bed, fee Dandelion Prieft-pintle, fee Cuckow-pint Poults, fee Crowfoot Peaglef, fee Cowflips Pig-nut, fee Earth-Chefnuts Pile-wort, fee the lefler Celandine Petefitis, fee Butter bur Pimpinella, fee Burnet Pettigree, fee Butcher’s broom Paflions, fee Biftort Porticaria, or I’cach-wort, or Plumbago, fee Arfmart Black potherb, fee Alexander Wild parfley, fee Alexandw Panacea, fee All-heal owns it - - 221 Penny-royal, VENUS owns it 223 Peony, mafeutine and feminine, the SUN owns them 224 Pepper-wort, a MARTIAL herb 225 Periwinkle, VENUS owns it 226 St. Peter’s-wort, under the SUN 227 Pimpernel is a SOLAR herb 229 Ground Pine, MARS owns it ib. Plantain is under VEN. 230 Plumbs are under VEN. 232 Polypody of the Oak, an herb of SATURN - - 233 Poplar-tree, under SAT. 234 Poppy, white and black, and the wild Poppy, or Corn-rofe, the MOON rules - 236 Purflain, under the MOON 238 Primrofes are under VEN. 239 S 0^ Queen of the Meadows, Meadovf fweet, or Mead fweet, VENUS claims - - 24O Quince-tree, SAT. owns it 24s ' -R . : • • • / Rhadilh and Horfe-Rhadifli at# under MARS . 243 Ragwort, under VEN. - 244 Rattle-grafs, red rnd yellow, bgtU are under the MOON 245 Reft harrow, or Cammocky -aie under M .4RS , 246 Rocket is under Mars , 1.247 Winter rocket, or Winter-crofs,/is under VENUS - 248 Red rofes arc under JUPITER 5 Damaflc A T A B L E of the Herbs Damaflc rofes are under VEN* White rofes are under the MOON - - 249 Rafa foils, or Sun-dew, the SUN rules it - - 253 Rofemary, under the^ SUN 254 Rhubarb, orRhaphontick, MARS claims it - - 255 Carden Patience, or Monk’s Rhu- barb, or Baftard Rhubarb, MARS governs them - 257 Meadow Rue - 259 Garden Rue is an herb of the SUN, and under LEO 260 Rupture wort is SATURNINE 262 Rulhes are under SATURN 263 Rye - - - ib. Ramp and Wake Robin, fee Cuck- ow pint Red Fathcing, feeCockhead Ru/h Leeks, fee Civis Rufcus, fee Butcher’s Broom S Saffron, an herb of the SUN 264 Sage, an herb of JUP. ib. Wood Sage, under VEN. 266 Solomon’s Seal, SATURN owns 267 Samphire, an herb of JUP. 268 Sanicle, an herb of VEN. 269 Saracens confound, or Saracens Wound-wort, SAT. governs 270 Sauce-alone, or Jack by the hedge, an herb of MER. - ^7* Winter and Summer Savory, MER. governs them 272 Savinc, MARS owns it ib. The common white i^axifrage, the moon govern* - *73 Burnet Saxifrage, the MOON governs it - 274 Scabious, three lorts, MERCURY owns them - 275 Scurvy-grafs, under JUP. 277 Self-heal, and Sickle-wort, are under VENUS - - 277 Service-tree is under the dominion of SATURN - 279 Shepard’s purfe is under SAT. ib. Smallage, an herb of MER. 280 Sope-wort is under VEN. 281 Sorrel is under VENUS ib. Wood Sorrel is under VEN. 282 Sow-Thiftle is under VEN. 283 Southernwood is a MERCURIAL plant - - 284 Spignel is under VENUS 285 Spleen-wort is under SAT. ib. Star-thiftle is under MARS *86 Strawberries are under VEN. 287 Succory is under JUPITER 288 Stone-crop, fmall Houfleek, is under the MOON 289 Septfoil, fee Tormentil Silverwood, fee Wild Tanfy Staggerwood, and Staramerwort and Segrum, fee Ragwoit Satyrion, fee Orchis Sengreen, fee Houfleek Setter-wort, and Settcr-grafs, fee Black Hellebore Sulphur-wort, fee Sow Fennel Sea-holly, fee Eringo . Starch-wort, fee Cuckow-pint Sweth, fee Cives Sallgot, fee Caltrops Sickle-wort, fee Buglofs Sanguinare and Swine-creffes, fee Buckthorn Syamus, fee Blue-bottle Snakeweed, fee Biftort Sparagus, or Sperage, fee Afparagus Serpent* As alfo what Planet go-verneth thenr. Serpents Tongue, fee Adders Tongue Spanlih Buglofs, fee Alkanet T Englifh Tobacco, is a-Martial plant ago Tamarilk-tree, is governed by SATURN - 191 Garden Tanfy, is under VEN. 29a Wild Tanfy, VEN. rules it 293 Thiftles, MARS rules them ag; Melancholy Thiftle, is under CA- PRICORN, and therefore un- der SATURN and MARS ib. Our Lady’s Thiftle; is under JU- PITER - - 295 Woolly, or Cotton Thiftle, is a plant of MARS - 296 Fullers Thiftle, or Teafle, is an herb of VEN US - 297 Treacle and Mithridate Muftard, are herbs of MARS 29S Black Thorn, or Sloe Bulh 298 Thorough-wax, or Thorough-leaf 299 Thyme - - 300 Thyme (Mother of) is under VENUS - - ib. Termentil, or Septfoil, is an herb of the SUN - 301 Turnfole, or Heliotropium, an herb of the SUN - 303 Meadow Trefoil, or Honcy- fuckles, under MERCURY ib. Heart Trefoil, is under SUN- 304 Pearl Trefoil is under the do- minion of the MOON ib. Tut-fan, or Park-leaves, an herb of the SUN • 305 Three Faces in one Hood, fee Heart’s Eafe B 6 Throat-wort, f»« F’(?-worC Cotton Thiftley fee Down Tooth-worc, toothed, and Dog- tooth Violet, fee CaraUwort Tribus Aquaticus, and Tribui Mecinus, fee \Vater Caltrops Tamas, fee Briony Twa-blade, fee Bifoyl Turnhoof, fee Alehoof V Garden Valerian, under the go- vernment of MERC. 305 Vervain, is under VENUS 307 The Vine, is under VENUS 308 Violets, are under VENUS • ib. Vipers Buglofs, an herb of the SUN - - 309 Black and white Vine, Wild, or Wood Vine, fee Briony W Wall Flowers, or Winter Gilli- • flowers, the MOON rules them 311 Walnut, under the SUN ili Wold, Weld, or Dyer’s We-d, under MARS . - 313 Wheat, is under VENUS 314 The Willow-tree, is governed by the MOON - 315 Wood, is under SATURN 316 Woodbine, or Honey-iucJcle, ^ plant of MERCURY 317 Wormwood, an herb of MARS 31S Whitlow-graft - . 206 ' Wall-pcnny-royal, or Wall-penny- wort, fee Kidncy-wort Win--berry-bulh,fee Goofe-berry- buftt Whins, fee the Furz bu(h Water-flag, fee yellow Flower-de- luce Wall-wort, fee Elder-tree Wray, A T A B L E of the Herbs, iSc. Wr«y, fee Dirnel Wading Pond-wed, fee Crabs- daws, and Water Sea-green Water-nuts, and Water-chefnuts, fee Caltroops Water-pimpernel, fee Brook-lime Worts, and Whortle-berries, fee Bil-berries Wine-flower, fee Anemone Woody Night-lhade, fee Amara Dulcis Hercules Wound-wort, fee Allheal y Yarrow, called Nofe bleed. Mil- foil, and Thoufand-leaf, is under the influence of VENUS 325 The Contents of the Directions for making Syrups, Conferves, Oils, Ointments, Plaijlers, C?c. of Herbs, Roots, Flowers,&c. whereby you may have them ready for Ufeall the Year long. s E c T. I. The way of gathering, drying, and preferving Simples, and their Juices Chap. I. Of Leaves, of Herbs or Trees - - 3^® Chap. *. Of Flowers - 318 Chap. 3. Of Seeds - >h. Chap 4. Of Roots - - >h. Chap. 5. Of Barks - ‘S^9 Chap. 6. Of Juices - 33° SECT. II. The way of making and keeping all neceflary compounds Chap. I. Of diftilled Waters 331 Chap. a. OfSyrupg - ib* Chap. 3. Of Juleps - - 333 Chap. 4. OfDecodtions 334 Chap. 5. Of Oils 335 Chap. 6. Of Eledluaries ib. Chap. 7. Of Conferves 336 Chap. 8. Of Preferves 337 Chap. 9. OfLohochs 339 Chap. 10. Of Ointments ib. Chap. II. OfPlaifters 340 Chap. I a. Of Poultices ib* Chap. 13. Of Troches - 341 Chap. 14. Of Pills - ib. Chap. 15. The way of mixing Medicines according to tire courfe of the Difeafc, and parts of the body alBifted - - 342 THE THE Englifh Phyfician ENLARGED. Amara Dialcls. CONSIDERING divers Ihires in tiiis nation give di- vers names to one and the fame herb, and that the common name which it bears in one country, is not known in another, I Ih’all take the pains to fet down all the names that I know of each herb. Pardon me for fet- ting that name firft, which is moft common to myfelt. Befides Amara dulcis, fome call it Mortal, others Bitter- fweet ; fome Woody Night-fhade, and others Felon- wort. De/cript.'] It grow's up with woody ftalks even to a man’s height, and fometimes higher. The leaves fall off at the approach of Winter, and fpring out of the. fame lialks at Spring-time. The branch is compaffed about with a whitifh bark, and hath a pith in the middle of it. The main branch branchetk itfelf into many fmall ones with clafpers, laying hold on what is next to them, as vines do. It bears many leaves, they grow In no order at all. or at lead in no regular order. The leaves are longifh, though fomewhat broad, and pointed at the ends : many of them have two little leaves growing at the c/id of their foot-ftalk ; fome have but one, and fome none. The leaves are of a pale green colour ; the flowers are of a purple colour, or of a perfeft blue like to violets, and they Hand many of them together in knots ; the berries are green at firlt, but when they are ripe they are very red; if you tafte them, you fhall find them Julias the crabswhich we in Suffex call bitter fweets, viz. fweet at firft, and bitter afterwards. Place.'] They grow commonly almoft throughout England, efpecially in moift and fhady places. Time.] The leaves fhoot out about the latter end of March if the temperature of the air be (jrdinary ; it flow- ereth in July, and the feeds are ripe foon after, ufually in the next month. Government 2 / The Englifli Phyjician Enlarged r Government and Virtues. It is under the planet MercuiT, and a notable herb of his allb, if it be rightly gathered underhis influence. It is excellentgood to remove witch- craft both in men and beads, asalfo all fudden difeafes whatfoever. Being tied around about the neck, is one- of the admirableft remedies for the vertigo or dizzinefs in the head thatis ; and thatis the reafon (as Tragus faith)' the people in Germany commonly hang it about their cattles necks, when they fear any fuch evil hath betided them : Country people commonly ufe to take the berries of it, and having bruifed them, they apply them to felons, and thereby foon rid their fingers of fuch troublefome guefts. We have now fliewed you the external ufe of the herb, we fliall fpeak a word or two of the internal, and fo conclude. Take notice, it is a Mercurial herb, and therefore of very fubtle parts, as indeed all Mercurial plants are ; therefore take a pound of the wood and leaves together, bruife the wood (which you may eafily do, for it is not fo hard as oak) then put it into a pot, and put to it three pints of white wine, put on the pot- lidandlhut it clofe ; andlet it infufehotpv era gentle fire twelve hours, then llrain it out, fo have you a moil ex- cellent drink to open obilrudions ofthe liver and fpleen, to help difficulty of breath, bruifes and falls, and con- gealed blood in any part ofthe body, it helps the yel- low-jaundice, the dropfy and black^aundice, niul to cleanfe women newly brought to bed. You may d ink a quarter of a pint of the infufion evey morning, n pur- geth the body very gently, and jint chiirliffiiy, as lome hold. And when you find good by this, reiiiember me. They that think the ufe oi thefe mediciiies is too briel. It is only for the cheapnefs ol the book ; let them read thofe books of mine, of the laft edition, R.yerius, Vejlingus, Riolanus, Johnfon, Seunertus, and PbTtcfor tU Poor. All-heal. I T is called All-heal, Hercules's All-heal, and Hercu- JL les’s Wound-wort, bccaufe it is (uppoied that il^ei- cules learned the herb and its virtues from Chiron, when ha learned phyfic of him. . Some call it Fanny, and of inicef of a hot and liiting talle, the leaves are gieat and large, and winged almoll like alh-tree leaves, ^ht Englifh Phyfician Enlarged. 3 that they are fomething hairy, each leaf confiding ot five or fix pair of fuch wings let one agamlt the other upon foot-dalks. broad below, but narrow towards the end ; one of the leaves is a little deeper at the bottom than the other, of a lair, yellowilh, frelh gieen colour ; they are of a bitlerifiitade, being chewed m the mouth- From among thele arileth up a dalk, green in colour, round in form, great and llrong in magnitude, five or fix feet in altitude, with many joints, and fome leaves thereat : Towards the top come forth umbles of fmall yellow flowers, after which are pafled away, you may find whitifli, yellow, flrort flat feeds, bitter alfo in tafle. Place.] Having given you the defcription of the herb from the bottom to the 'top, give me leave to tell you, that there are other herbs called by this name ; but be- oaufe they are flrangers in England, 1 give only the dc- iVription of this, which is eafily to be had in the gardens of divers jdaces. 7ime ] Although Geivard faith. That they flower from the beginning of May to the end bl December, ex- perience teacheth them that keep it in their gardens, that it flowers not till the latter end of the Summer, and Iheds its feed prefently after. Ciouernment and liriuei ] It is under the dominion of Mars, hot, biting, and cholerick ; and remedies what evils Mars afflias the body of a man with, by Tympathy, as vipers flelh attrafts poifon, and the loadftone iron. It kills the wonns, helps the gout, cramps, and convulfions, provokes urine, and helps all joint-aches. It helps all cold griefs of the head, the vertigo, falling ficknefs, the lethargy, the wind colick, obltrutlions ot the liver and fpleen, ftone in the kidneys and bladder It provokes the terms, expels the dead birth: It is excellent good for the griefs ofthe finews, itch. Hone, and tooth-ach, the bit- ing of mad dogs and venomous beatls, and purgeth choler very •gently. Alkanet. BE.SIDES the common name, it is called Orch.inet, and SpanilK Buglofs, and by apotKccaries, E ichufa. Df/cripi.] Ofthe many forts of this herb, there is but one known to grow commonly in this nation ; of which one takes this defcription : It hath a great and thick root, ofa reddifh colour, long, narrow, hairy leaves, green like the leaves of Buglofs, which lie very thick upon the ground ; 4' - ^he Englifli Phyjician Enlarged, ground ; the fta^s rife up compa/Ted roundabout, thick with leaves, which are lefler and narrower than the for- mer; they are tender, and flender, the flowers are hol- low, finall, and of a reddifh colour. Place.] It grows ia Kent near Rochefter, and in many places in the Well Country, both in Devonfhire and Cornwall. Trme.] They flower in July, and beginning ofAugufl,. and the feed is ripe foon after, but the root is in its prime! as carrots and parfnips are, before the herb runs up to italk. Government and Virtues.] It is an herb under the domi- nion ot Venus, and indeed one of her darlings, though fomewhat hard to come by. It helps old ulcers, hot in- flammations, burnings by common fire, and St. Antho- ny’s fire, by antipathy to Mars; for thefe ufes, your bell way is to make it into an ointment ; alfo ifyou make a vinegar of it, as you make vinegar of rofes, it helps the morphy and leprofy ; ifyou apply the herb to the privi- ties, it "draws forth the dead child. It helps the yellow- jaundice, fpleen, and gravel in the kidneys. Uiofcorides faith, it help; fuch as are bitten by venomous beads, whetlier it be taken inwardly, or applied to the wound; nay, he faith further, if any that hath newly eaten it, do - but fpit into the mouth ofa ferpent, theferpent inftantly dies. It Hays the flux of the belly, kills worms, helps the fits of the mother. Its decodlioii made in wine, and drank, flrengthens the back, and eafeth the pains thereof. It helps bruifes and falls, and is as gallant a remedy to drive out the finall pox and meafles as any is ; an oint- ment made of it, is excellent for green wounds, pricks or thrufls. Adder’s Tongue, or Serpent’s Tongue. Dj/rr///.] npHIS herb hath but one leaf, which grows -IL with the flalk a fin der’s length above the ground, being flat and of a frefli green colour ; broad like Water Plantnne, butlefs, withoutaiiy rib in it ; from the bottom of which leaf’,-onthe infide, rifeth up i ordinarily) one, fometimes two or three flender flnlks, the upper half whereof is fomewhat bigger, and dented with finall tlents ofa yeilowiih green colour, like the tongue of an adder ferpent only this is as ufeful as they are lormida- ble). The roots continue all the year. Place.] It grows in moiil meadows, and fuch like places. rime.] The Englifii Phyfician Enlarged.- T^me.'] It is to be found in May or April, ior it quick- ly periftieth with a little heat. j ■ Government and yirtues.^ is an herb under tne ^ iiion of the Moon and Cancer and therefore weak- nefs of the retentive faculty be caufed by an evd influ- ence of Saturn in any part of the body govwred by the Moon, or under the dominion ot Cancer, this herb cuies it by fympathy. It cures thefe.difeafes after ^ecified. m aiiyVrt of the body under the influence ofSatuin, by ""'k^is^emperate in refpeft of heat, btit diy in the fe- cond degree. The juice of the leaves drank with the diftilled water of Horfe-tail. is a fingular remedy of all manner of wounds in the breads, bowels, or othei parts of the body, and is given with good fuccels unto thofe that are troubled with cafting, vomiting, or blad- ing at the mouth or nofe, orotherwife diwnwards. 1 he faid juice given in the diddled water of Oaken-buds, is very good for women who have their ufual courfes, or the whites flowing down too abundantly. It helps fore eyes. Of the leaves infufed or boiled in oil, omphacine, or unripe olives, fet in the fun for certain days, or t e green leaves fufficiently boiled in the faid oil, is mack In excellent green balfam, not only for green and Ireld wounds, but alfo for old and inveterate ulcers, efpe.cial- ly if a little fine clear turpentine be dilTolved therein. It e.lfo dayeth and refreftieth all inflammations that anla upon pains by hurts and wounds. What parts of the body are under each planet and fign, and alfo what difeafe may be tound in my adiolo- gioal judgment of dileafes ; and for the internal work of nature in the body ot man ; as vital, animal, natuial and procreative fpirits ot man ; the apprehenfion, judg- ment, memory ; the external lenfes, wx* beeing, hearings fmelling, tafting, and feeling ; the virtues attraftive, le- teiitivc, digeltive, expulfive, &c. under the dominion ot what planets they are, may be found in my Efhemeris for tlie y'lar 1651. In lioth which you fliall find the cliafF ot authors blown away by the tame ot Ur. Reafon, and nothing but rational trutlis left tor the ingenious to teed «pon. I.adly, 'I'o avoid blotting paper with one thing many times, and alfo to eafe your purfes in the price ot tho book, and withall to make you tludiou.s in phyfick ; you have at the latter end ot the book, the way ot pre- <5 Th Englifh Phyfician Enlarged. ferving all herbs either in juice, conferve, oil, ointm^TVk or plaifter, elefluary, pills or troches. Agrimony. Defcr)pt,'\ ^jj '’HIS hath divers long leaves (feme greater, ^ornefmaller) fet upon a llalk, all ofthem dented about the edges, green above, and greyifli un- derneath, and a little hairy withal. Among which arif- eth up ufually but one ilrong, round, hairy, brown Italk, two or three feet high, with fmaller leaves fethere and there upon it. At the top hereof grow many fmall yedow flowers, one above another, in longfpikcs, after which come rough heads of feed, hanging downwards, which will cleave to and’ IHck upon garments, or any thing that fliall rub againfl: them. The knot is black, long, and fomewhat woody, abiding many years, and Ihooting afrelh every Spring ; which root, though fmall, hath a reafonable feent. Place.'] Itgroweth upon banks, near the fides of hedges. Time ] It flowereth in July and Augult, the feed being ripe fhortly after. Government and Virtues.] It is an herb under Jupiter, and the flgn Cancer; and ftrengthens thofe parts under the planet and fign, and removes difeafes in them by fympathy, and thofe under Saturn, Mars and Mercury, by antipathy, if they happen in any part of the body governed by Jupiter, or underthe figns Cancer, Sagitta- ry, or Pifees, and therefore mull needs be good for the gout, either ufed outwardly in oil or ointment, or in- wardly in an eleiluary, orfyrup, or concerted juice ; for which fee the latter end of this book. It is of acleanfmg and cutting faculty, w'ithout any manifell heat, moderately drying and binding. It open* eth and cleaiifeth the liver, he^ieth the jaundice, and is very beneficial to the bowels, healing all inward wounds, bruifes, hurts, and other dillempers. 'i he decoeflion of the herb made with wine, and drank, is good againll the biting and flinging of ferpents. and helps them that make foul, troubled or bloody w ater, and makes them pifs clear fpeedily. It alfo helpeth the colick, cleanfeth the bread, and rids aw ay the cough. A draught ol the tiecoiSlion taken warm before the fit, firfl removes, and in time rids away the tertian or < uartan agues The leaves and feed tal e i in wine, flays the bloody flux ; outwardly applied, being damped with The Englifh Phyfician Enlarged. 7 veleraM ulcers, anJ draueth lo.th thorns "r^'-n, ao?tw ^^ O’’ "’■= rJ-> body, and '’3 taJtllwry^u" every herb why i,‘cSeTtoi;difea&; Lt »>>-re “ iudement in the herb Wormwood, you lhall find them ihSe and it will be well worth your while to confident bi every herb, you fhall find them true throughout th* book. Water Agrimony. tT is called, in fome countries. Water Hemp, Ballard JL Hemp, and Baftard Agrimony, Eupatoriura, and Hepatorium, becaufe it ftrengthens the liver. _ hefeript 1 The root continues along time, having many long flender firings. The fialk grows up about two feet high, fometimes higher. They are of a dark purplecoloui. The branches are many, growing f the one from the other, the one from the one fide of the fialk, the other from the oppofite point. The leaves are winged, and nuich indented at the edges. The flowers grow at the top of the branches, of a brown yellow colour, fpotted with black fpots, ha\ing a fubfianee within the midfi ot them like that of a Daily : If you rub them between your fingers, they fmell like rofin or cedar when it is burnt. The feeds are long, and eafily flick to any woollen thing they touch. Place.] They delight not in heat, and therelore they_ are not fo frequently found in the fouthern parts of Kngland, as in the northern, where they grow Ire- quently : You may lool^ tor them in cold grounds, by ponds and ditches fides, as alfo by running waters ; fome- times you lhall find them grow in the midfi of the waters. ] They all flower in .Inly or Augufi, and the feed is ripe prefently after. Government 8 Tht Englifh Phyfician Enlarged. Go-veriment and Virtues ^ It ic n t • as the other AKrimonv o, v ^ fign Cancer It h?akth’^^^ 7 w celeftial wa iv r^h ' ''■=i"6 .--Ppli'a om! boWv nf n,a y ^‘^Is worms, and cleanfeth the avvav flll r ‘'"'^ke thereof drives SdW V ’ r. ft'-^'^gthens the lungs ex- thev ailL. ^ P«»Pl^ give it to their cattle whi^n. y . le Uoubled wnth the cough, or broken-winded. , Alehoof^ or Ground-ivy-. gEVERAL counties give itfeveral names, fo thattheet sot^ .ii?,;-;;; HaySds”." „d “,j^C,n-creep-by-gr<>und. Turnhoof, known herb lieth, fpreadeth, and c7rneS^ff°"l ^ooteth forth roots at the corners of tender jointed llalks, fet with two round leaves at eve^ joint lomewhat haiiy, crumpled, and unevenly edges, with round dents ; at the joints likewile, ivith the leaves towards the end of the branches, come forth hollow, long flowers, of a blueifh purple colour, with fmall white fpots upon the lips that hana dow-n, 1 he root is fmall wdth firings. * r 1^ commonly found under hedges and on the lides ol ditches, under houfes, or in (hadowed lanes, and ill almofl; every ]>art of this land, u I llcwer fomewhat early, and abide a great w hiJe ; the leaves continue green until Winter, and fome- tii^s abide, except the W inter be very (harp and cold. Government and Urtnes.^ It is an herb of Venus, and therefore cures the ne.'\ It delighteth to grow in moift woods, and watery places ; flowereth in April or May, and yielding ripe feed in September, le The Englifli Phyfician Enlarged,. Government and U/e.] It is a tree under the ddminion of V enus, and oi fome watery fign or other, I fuppofe Pifw ces ; and therefore the decodioii, or diftilled water of the leaA^es, is excellent againft burnings and inflammations, either with wounds or without, to bathe the place grieved with, and efpeciallj' for that inflammation in the breaft^ which the vulgar call an ague. If you cannot get the leaves (as in Winter ’tis impof- Ilblej make ul'e of the bark in the fame manner, 1 he leaves and bark of the Alder-tree are cooling, drying-, and binding. The frefli leaves .laid upon fwel- ings diflblve them, and flay the inflammations. The leaves put under the bare 'feet gauled with travelling, are a great refrefhino- to them. The laid leaves gathered while the morning dew is on them, and brought into a chamber troubled with fleas, will gather them thereunto-, which being fuddenly call out, will rid the chamber of thole troublefome bed-fellorvs. O write-a defeription of that which is-fo well known to be growing almoll in every garden, 1 fuppofe is altogether needlefs ; yet for its virtues it is of admirable In time of Heathenifm, when men had found out any excellent herb, they dedicated it to their gods; as the Bay-tree to Apollo, the Oak to .lupitcr, th.e \'ine to Bac- chus, the Poplar to Hercules, 'i'hefe the Papilis follow- ing as the Patriarchs, they dedicate to their faints ; as our Lady’s Thillle to the Blefltd Virgin, fit- .lohn’s Wort to St. John, and another wort to St. Peter, &c. Ourphy- cians mull imitate like apes (though they cannot come off half lb cleverly) for they blafphemouily callThanfies or l letiits-eni'e, an ^er^ /hr tie Tr/n/fj , hecaufe it is of three colours ; and a certain ointment, an ointment of the Aprf- tles, becaufe it confills of twelve ingredients. Alas, I am forry for their folly, and grieved at their blafphemy, God fend them wifdom the rell of their age, for they h.avc their fliare of ignorance already. Oh 1 W hy mull ours be blafpliemous, becaufc the Heathens and Papilis were idolatrous ? Certainly they have read fo much in old rully authors, that they have loll all their divinity ; foy uule)^ it were ainongft ih« Ranters, 1 never reaeft kno\Vn by the florilts of our days, it is called Flower Gentle, Flower Velure, Floramor, and Velvet Flower. De/cripi.'\ It being a garden flower, and well known tp every one that keeps it, I might forbear the defcription ; yet, notwithflanding, becaufe fome defire it, I (hail give' it. It runneth up with a (lalk a cubit high, lireaked, and fomewhat reddifti toward the root, but very fmooth, divi- ded towards the top with fmall branches, among which ftand long broad leaves of a reddilh green colour, flip- pery; the flowers are not properly flowers, but tuffs, very beautiful to behold, but of no iinell, of reddifh co- lour ; if you bruife them, they yield juice of the fame co- lour; being gathered, they keep their beauty a long time; the feed is ol a (hining black colour. Time.] They continue in flo\\ er from Auguft till the time the froll nip them. Government and Virtues.] It is under the dominion of .Saturn, and is an excellent qualifier of the unruly aflions ^ind paflions of Venus, though hlarsalfo (houldjoin with her. 'Ehe flotvers dried and beaten into powder, flop the terms in women, and fo do almoll all other red things. And by the icon, or image of ever)' herb, the ancients at firll found out their virtues. Modern writers laugh at them for it ; but 1 wonder in my heart, how the virtue of herbs came at firll to be known, if not by theii fignatures; the moderns have them from the writings ol the ancients; *i the The Englifh Phyfician Enlarged. ig the ancients had no writings to have them from ; hut to proceed. The flowers ftop all fluxes of blood, whether in man or woman, bleeding either at the nofe or wound. ITieie is alio a lort of Amaranthus that bears a white flower, which Hops the whites in women, and the run- ning ot the reins in men, and is a moft gallant autivo^ iteieal, and a Angular remedy for the French pox. Anemone. ^ALLED alfo Wind Flower, becaufe, they fay the _ floAvers never open but when the Avind bloweth^PIi nffw • ^ ^^/^®Fare foAvn ufually in the o-arden« of the curious, and floAverin theSDrin.JiJl a t>arclen* jerintion I fhall *♦. u * ® tnnc* As for do- .hatrr,Lm k"°'™ to all thofe ?XSTo1'' the domiaion of to be a. kind ol Crow-fnnf decofllM dmnV '(T.'rrif hoiW.'aod ti,. coaioa of .K^uJe'r.hotprtr;;'* It"',"'"'’ '1= damped, and the iuirp fni fl- f leaves being head mightily • f , doth ^ the n.outh,°for^t\,rocSi mu^ ^^^'ved in the away many AA'atery and uhlf bringetli' therefore excelleiit^jr the humours, and is done, let phyfldaii ,™ 1*^ ill the difpenfatory punm nouhe h^ held in the mouth B .in„ , the head like to hot things the eye lids anoiiiied w d? i "i " ."f:; the eyes, whereby it is naliviir ‘ u '"^^'timations of draweth its VA'eaker like every llronger ,oo„d oloa„f, Garden Arrach. f^f'^.^rach, and Arage. "r’ lo'S -f Argyll',' '“■'O'h fro,-,, J„„e to the end i6 rAe Englifli Phyfuian Enlarged, the Moon ; in quality cold and moi ft like unto her. It rortenetli and loofeneth the body of man being eaten, and tbvtifieth theexpuUive faculty in him. The herb, ^^•hether it be bruifed and applied to the throat, or boil- ed, and in like manner applied, it matters not much, it is excellent good for fvvelUngs in the throat ; the bell M'ay , 1 fuppofe, is to boil it, having drunk the decoftion iiuvardly,and apply the herb outwardly. The decodlloii of it befides is an excellent remedy for the yellow jaua- dice. Arrach, wild and (linking, CALLED alfo Vulvaria, from that part of the body, upon which the operation is moft ; alfo Dogs Arracli, Goats Arrach, and Stinking Motherwort. Dejeript.^ This hathfmall and almoft round leaves, yet a little pointed and w ithout dent or cut, of a dufky mea- ly colour, growing on the {lender ftalks and branches that fpread on the ground, w^ith fmall flowers in cluliers fet with the leaves, and fmall feeds fucceeding like the reft, perilhing > early, and rifmg again with its ow;n fowr ing. It fmells like rotten filh, or fomething worfe. '^Place.'X It grows ufually upon dunghills. TV/sw-.] They, flower in June and July, and their feed is ripe quickly after, , . , , - , Government and Virtues.^ Stinking Arrach IS ufed as a remedy-to help women jiained, and almoft Itrangled ' with the mother, Ij}' ImcHing to it; but inwai 1\ taken there is no better remedy under the moon tor that dilealc, ! rvould be large in commendation ol this herb, were J but eloquent. -It fs an herb under the dominion of V eiius, and unl-r the fign Scorpio ; it is c«..mmon almoft upon S'"'" man, his medicines are common and cheap, and ealy to be found. (’Tisihe medicines ol thcCollegeot I hyfici- ans that arc fo dear and fearce to find) 1 conm.end it lor an univerfai medicine lor the womb, and fuch a llne ns will eafily, lafely, and ipeeddy cure any dilbale thereof, as fits bi the mother, diflocation, or tailing out thereof: it cools the womb being over-heated. And let ncTcll ym. this, and 1 w ill tell you the truth, heat ol the * . is one of the grcatcll caufes ol haid labour m ebUd-birth. it makes barren women fruitlul. Itcleanleth Sc w !>tub if it be foul, and llrengihens it exceedingly,; The Englifh Phyjtcian Enlarged. i 7 It proV()kes the terms if they be flopped, and flops them il'they flow immoderately ; you can defire no good to your womb, but this herb will efFeft it ; therefore it you love children, if you love health, it you love eafe, keep a fyrup always oy you, made of the juice ot this herb, and fugar, (or honey, if it be to cleanfe the womb) an round about the llalks, but not with fuch a hulh of leaves as flowers fet in the toj), a.s is on the other wherein Hand final! roundifli black feed; the root is white, with many llrings ^ j at i8 The Englifh Phyfician Enlarged. at It, .not growing downward, but lying under the unrer ^■»ft of the earth, and abideth many yearr^n^^ th.sjiath not To ftrong a fcent as the ibrmj!- ’ leaves , but that the lialks are more ftraight and upricht and the joints with leaves are farther afunder, having longer leaves than the former, and the flowers a little larp and more gaping, of a fair yellow colour in mo/l, in fome paler, the roots are like white, only they creep not fo much under the ground. ^ ^ They grow almoft every where, (unlefs it be in the middle of the ftreet) the yellow mofl ufually in the’ wet grounds of woods, and fometimes in the drier, in divers counties of this nation. iiTi** beginning of the Spring all the Summer long. x o Virt-ues ondlJ/e.'\ The Archangels are fomewhat hot and drier than the ftinging Nettles, and ufed with better fuccefs for the flopping and hardnefs.of the fpleen, than ^they by ufing the decodtion of the herb in wine, and after- ^■^ards applying the herb hot unto the region of the fpleen ^ clecoaion with fpunges. Flowers of the white Archangel are preferved or conferved to be wfed to flay the whites, and the flowers of the red to flay the reds in women. It makes the heart merry, drives away melancholy, quickens the fpirits, is good againft quartan agues, ftaucheth bleeding at the mouth and nofe, if it be flamped and applied to the nape of the neck ; the herb alfo bruifed, and with fome fait and vinegar and hogs-greafe, laid upon an hard tumour or fwelliug, or that vulgarly called the king’s evil, do help to diflblve or difcufs them; and being in like manner applied, doth much allay the pains, and give eafe to the gouf, fciatica, and other pains of the joints and linews. It is alfo veiy eflbaual to heal green' wounds, and old ulcers ; alfo to Hay their fretting, gnawing and fpreading. Ifdrawcth forth fplinters, and luwh like things gotten into the flefh, and is very good againli Truifes and burnings. But the yellow Archangel is rnofl conimended for old, filthy, corrupt fores and ulcers, yen, although they grow to be hollow ; and to diliblve tumours. The chief ufe of them js for women,, j.t being an herb of Venus, and may b« found in my Guide for IVa/mn, Arffinart, The Englifli Phyjician Enlarged; 19 ArlTmart. H E hot ArfTmart is called alfo ater-pepper, or Culrage. The mild ArlTmart is called dead ArlT- mart Percicaria, or Peach-wort, becaufe the leaves are fo like the loaves of a peach-tree ; it is alfo called Plumbago. De/cription of the Mild."] This hath broad leaves fet at the great red joint of the llalks, with femi-circular blackiih marks qii them, ufually either bluifh or whitilh, with fuch like feed following. The root is long, with many ftrings thereat, perilhing yearly; this hath no fliarp tafte (as another fort hath, which is quick ami biting) but rather four like forrel, or elfe a little dr\’ing, or without tafte. Place.'] It grow'eth in watiy places, ditches, and the like, w'hich for the moll part are dry in Suiiimer. Time.] It flowereth in June, and the feed is ripe in Augult. Gcyvernment and Virtues.] As the virtue of both thefj is various, fo is alfo their government ; for that which is hot and biting, is under the dominion of Mars, but Saturn challengeth the other, as appears by that leaden colouretl fpot he hath ])laced upon the leaf. It is of a cooling and dying quality, and very ef- feflual for putrified ulcers in man or beaft, to kilj worms, and cleanfe the putrified places. The juictf theieof dropped in, or othervvife applied, confumeth all cold fw'ellings, and diflblveth the congealed blood of bruifes, by llrokes, falls, &c. A piece of the root, or takelh away the pain. The leaves bruifed aml^ laid u> the j.oint that hath a felon theieon taketh it away. The Juice deftroyeth worms in the ears, being dropped into Ifiem ; if the hot Arfiinart be llrewed in a chamlier it will foon kill all the fleas ; and the herb or juice of Ums CO d Ar/Tmart, put to a horfe, or other cattle’s fores, will drive away the fly in the hotted time, of Smr>iY.»r. Ibme of the feeds bruifed, and held to an aching tooth. 20 The EnglHh Phyfician Enlarged. together, as men rliop herbs to the pot, when botli of: them are of dean contrary, qualities.- . 'I he hot Ar/Iinart groweth rot fo high or tall as the mild doth, but hath many leaves of the c dour of peach leaves, very feldom or never fpotted ; in other particulars it is like the for- mer, but may eafily be known from it, if you will but' be pleafed to break a leat of it crols your tongue, for the hot will make your tongue to fmart, £6 will not the together, you may eafdy j diltinguifli them, becaufe the mild hath far broader leaves; and our College of Phyficians, out of the- learned care of the public good, Anglice, their own gain, miftake the qne for the other in their New MaJIer- fiece, whereby they difcover, i. Their ignorance. 2. Their careleffnefs ; and he that hath but half an eye, may fee their pride without a pair of fpedtacles. I have done what I could to diflinguilh them in the virtues, and when you find not the contrary named, ufe the cold. The truth is, I have not yet fpoken with Dr. Reafon, nor his brother Dr. Experience, concerning either of them. Afarabacca. De/cript.']] A SARABACCA hath many heads rifing [AiL from the roots, from whence come many finooth leaves, every one upon his own foot-ftalks, which are rounder and bigger than Violet leaves, thicker alfo, and of a dark green Ihining colour on the upper fide, and of a pale yellow green underneath, little or nothing dented about the edges, from among which rife fmall, round, hollow, brown green hulks, upon Ihort ftallts, about an inch long, divided at the brims into five divifions, very like the cups or heads of the Henbane feed, but that they are fmaller ; and thefe be all the flowers it carrieth, which are fomewhat fweet, being fmelled unto, and wherein, when they are ripe, is contained fmall cornered rough feeds, very like the kernels or Hones of grapes or raifins. The roots are fmall and whitilh, fpreading divers ways in the ground, increafing into divers heads; but not running or creep- ing under the ground, as feme other creeping herbs do. They are fomewhat fweet in fmell, refembling Nardus, but more when they are dry than green ; and ol a fliarp but not unpleafant laile. i'iace.] It groweth frequently in gardens. Time.] The Englifh Phyfician Enlarged. 21 Time.] They keep their leaves green all Winter; but fiioot forth new in the Spring, and with them come forth thofe heads or flowers which give ripe feed about Midfummer, or fomewhat after. Go-vernment and Virtues.] ’I’is a plant under the domi- nion of Mars, and therefore inimical to nature. This herb being drank, not only provoketh vomiting, but purgeth downward, and by urine alfo, purgeth both choler and phlegm. If you add to it fome fpikenard, with the whey of goat’s milk, or honeyed water, it is made more llrong,'' but it purgeth phlegm more mani- feflly than choler, and therefore doth much help pains in the hips, and other parts ; being boiled in whey, they w'onderfully help the oblirviftions of the liver and fpleen, and therefore .profitable for the dropfy and jaundice; being fteeped in wine and drank, it helps thofe continual agues that come by the plenty of llub- born humours ; an oil made thereof by letting in the fun, with fome laudanum added to it, provoketh fwea‘- ing, (the ridge of the back being anointed therewith) and thereby driveth away the lhaking fits of the ague. It will not abide any long bojling, for it lofeth its chief lirength thereby; nor much beating, for the finer pow'-- der doth provoke vomits and urine, and the coarfer purgeth downwards. The common ufe hereof is, to take the juice of five or feven leaves in a little drink to caufe vomiting ; the roots have alfo the fame virtue, though they do not operate fo forcibly; they are very effetlual again ft the biting of ferpents, and therefore are put as an ingredient both into Mithridate and Venice treacle. The leaves and roots being boiled in lye, and the head often walked therewith while it was warm, comlbrteth the head and brain that is ill affeded by taking cold, and helpeth the memory. I fhall delire ignorant people to forbear the ufe ofthe leaves ; the roots purge more gently, and may prove beneficial in fuch as have cancers, or old putrified ul- cers, or fiftulas upon their bodies, to take a dram of them in powder in a quarter of a pint of white wine in the morning. I he truth is, I fancy purging and vo- miting medicines as little as any man breathing doth, for they weaken nature, nor fhall ever advife them to be u fed, unlefs upon urgent neceflity. If a phyfician be nature’s fervant, it is his duty to ftrengthen his ^ 5 miftrefs 22 The EngliHi Phyfician iiniarged, as' may Afparagus, Sparagus, or Spcrage, D^/hr///. -rrT rifeth up at firft with divers white and u 1 1 M heads, very brittle or eafv to break wdnle they are young, which afterwards rife up jn veiy long and /lender green Italks, of the bignefs of an ordinary riding wand, at the bottom of moft, or t>igger or lefler, as the roots are of growth; on which are fet divers branches of green leaves, (horter and Imallei than fennel to the top ; at the joints w'hereof come forth fmall yellowilh flowers, w'hich run into round benies, green at firft, and of an excellent red colour when they are ripe, flie\ving like bead or coral, wherein are contained exceeding hard black feeds, tha roots are difperfed from a fpongeous head into many long, thick, and round firings, wherein is fucked much nourifhment out of the ground, and increafeth plenti- fully thereby. Prickly Afparagus, or Sperage. I>e/tript.] I T groweth ufuaHy in gardens, and fome of A it grows wild in Appleton meadows, in Gloucefterfhire, w'here the ppor people do gather the buds of young fhoots, and fell them cheaper than our garden Afparagus is fold at London. Time,'] They do for the moft part flower and bear their berries late in the year, or not at ail, although they are houfed in Winter. Government and Virtues. They are both under the dominion of Jupiter. The young buds or branches boiled in ordinary broth, make the belly foluble and open, and boiled in white wine, provoke urine, being Hopped, and is good againft the llranguary, c>r difficulty of making water ; it expelleth the gravel and ftone out of the kidnies, and helpcth pains in the reins. And boiled in white wine or vinegar, it is prevalent for them that have tin ir arteries loofeiied, or are troubled with the hip-gout or fciatica. The decodlion of the roots boiled in wine and taken, is good to clear the fight, and being held in the mouth eafeth the tooth-ach ; and being taken failing feveral mornings together, fiirreth up bodily lull in man or woman (whatever fome ^’he Englifh Phyftcian Enlarged. 23 fome have written to the contraiy.) The garden Afpa- rasus nourifheth more than the wild, yet hath it the fame effefts in all the afore-mentioned ddeafes Ihe decoftion of the roots in white wine, and the back and belly bathed therewith, of kneeling or yin g ‘I®'™ '" the lame or fitting therein as' a bath, hath been found efFeaualagainlt pains of the reins "ains the mother and colic, and generally againft all paiiik that happen to the lower parts ot the body, and no lefs effeaual againft ftiff and benumbed finews, or thofe that are Ihrunk by cramps and convulfions, and helpetU the Iciatica. A(h Tree. This is fowell known, that time will be mifpent in writing a defeription of it ; and therefore I fhall only infill upon the virtues of it. Government and Virtues '] It is governed by the Sun t and the young tender tops, with the leaves taken in- wardly, and fome of them outwardly applied, are fingular good againft the biting of viper, adder, or any other venomous bead ; and the water diftilled there- from being taken a fmall quantity every morning faft- rng, is a lingular medicine for thofe that are lubjeft to dropfy, or to abate the greatnefs of thofe that are too grofs or fat. The decotlion of the leaves in white wine helpeth to break the Hone, and expel it, and cureth the jaundice. The alhes of the bark of the Alh made into lye, and thofe heads bathed therewith, which are le- prous, fcabby, or fcald, they are thereby cured. The kernels within the hulks, commonly called Alhen Keys, prevail againft Hitches and pains in the lides, proceeding, of wind, and voideth away the Hone, by provoking urine. I can juftly except againft none of tliis, fave only the firll, w'z. 'F’hat Afh-tree tops and leaves are good againft the biting of ferpeiits and vipers. 1 fuppofe this had its rife from Gerard or Pliny, both which hold. That there is fuch an antipathy between an adder and an Alli-tree, that if an adder be encompafled round with Alli-tree leaves, Ihe will fooner run through the fire than through the leaves. The contrary to which is the truth, as both my eyes are witnefs, 'I’herelt are virtues fome- thing likely, only if it be in Winter when you cannot C 6 get 2 4 The Englini Thyfician Enlarged. bark inftead of P*" eafily keep all the year, lm- tWnirg them when they are ripe. ^ Avens, called alfo Colewort, and Herb Bonet. De/cripi.-] np HE ordinary Avens hath many lono-, ■*■ rough, dark green winged leaves, rifiiur from the root every one made of many leaves fet on each fide of the middle rib, the largeft three whereof giOW at the end, and are fnipped or dented round about the edges ; the other being fmall pieces, fometimes two and fometimes four. Handing on each fide of the mid- dle rib underneath them. Among which do rife up divers rough or hairy llalks, about two feet high, branching forth with leaves at eveiy joint, not fo long as thofe below% but almoft as much cut in on the edges, fome into thiee parts, fome into mtire. On the tops of the branches Hand fmall, pale yellow flowers, con- fiding of five leaves, like the flo\\ers of Cinquefoil, but large, in the middle whereof Handeth a fmall green herb, which w hen the flower rs fallen, groweth to b« round, being made of many long greenifli purple feeds (like grains) which w ill Hick upon your cloaths. Th« root confiHs of many brow nidi llrings or fibres, fmelling fomew-hat like unto cloves, ef])ecially thofe w hich grow in the higher, hotter, and drier grounds, and, in free and clear air. Place.'] They grow wild in many places under hedges fides, and by the path-ways in fields ; yet they rather delight to grow in ftiadowy than funny places. Time.] 'They flower in May and .lune for the mod part, and their feed is ripe in July at the farthefl. Government and Virtues.] It is governed by Jupiter, and that gives ho^tes of a wholefome healthfid herb. It is good for the di'eafes of the cheH or bread, for pains, ami Hitches in the fide, and to expel crude and raw hu- mours from the belly and Homach, by the fweet favour and warming qualit}’. It dilTolves the inward con- gealed blood haiii'ening by falls or bruifes, and the (pitting of blood, , if the roots, either green or dry, be boiled in wine and drank ; as alfo all manner of inward w'ounds or outward, if waflied or bathed therewith. The decoiHion alfo I,-. i;ig drank, comforts the heart, and Hrengthens the Homach and a cold brain, and there- fore is good iii-the bpring-fime to tipen obilrudfions of The Englifli Phyfician Enlarged.^ ag'- the liver, and helpeth the- ^vind colic; it alio hetps thofe that have fluxes, or are burllen, or have a rup- ture ; it taketh away fpots or marks in the face, being walhed therewith. The juice ot the Irelh toot, or powder of the dried root, hath the fame efFeft with the decoaion; The root in the Spring-time, fleeped m wine, doth give it a delicate favour and talle, and being drank failing every morning, comforteth the heart-, and is a good prefervative againft the plague, or any other poifon. It helpeth digeftion, and vv'armeth a cold ■ liomach, and openeth obftruaions ol the livei and • f|)leen. , r j It is very fafe; you need have no dofe prefcribed'j . and is very fit to be kept in every body’s houfe. Balm. TH I S herb is fo well known to be an inhabitant ' almoll: in every garden, that I (hall not need to write any defcription thereof, although the virtues • thereof, w hich are manv% fhould not be omitted. Government and Vi>'iues.\ It is an herb of Jupiter, and under Cancer, and llrengthens nature much in all its aiftions. Let a fyrup made with thevjuice of it and fugar (as you (hall be taught at the latter end of the book) be kept in everj'^ gentlewoman’s houfe, to re- lieve the weak ftomachs and fick bodies of their poor flckly neighbours ; as alfo the herb kept dry in the houfe, that fo with other convenient firnples, you may make it into an eleftuary wdth honey, according as the difeafe is, you (hall be taught at the latter end of my^ book. 'I’he Arabian phyficians have extolled the vir- tues thereof to the fkics ; although the Greeks thought it not worth mentioning. Seraphio faith, it caufeth the mind and heart to become merry, and reviv^eth 'the heart, faintings and fwoonings, efpecially of fuch who' are overtaken in lleep, and driveth away all trouble- fome cares and thoughts out of the mind, arifing from melancholy or black choler ; which Avicen alfo con- firmeth. It is very good to help digeilion, and open obftruflions of the brain, and hath fo much purging quality in it, (faith Avicea) as to expel thofe melan- choly vapours from the fjiirits and blood which are in the heart and arteries, although it cannot do fo in other parts of the body. Diofeorides faith, I'liat the leaves deeped in wine, and the wdne drank, and the < leave# 20 The Englifh Vhyftcian Enlarged, leaves extpnally applied, is a remedy againft the flinjts of a fcorpion, and the bitings of mad dogs; and com- mendeth tlie decoflion thereof for women to bathe or fit ni to procure their courfes ; it is good to wafh achin? teeth therewith, and profitable for thofe that have the bloody-flux. The leaves alfo, with a little nitre taken in drink, ^ are good againll: the forfeit of mufhrooms, help the grilling pains of the belly; and lieing made into an eleftuary, it is good for them that cannot fetch their breath : Ufed with fait, it takes away wens, kernels, or hard fwellings hi the flefh or throat ; it cleanfeth foul fores, and eafeth pains of the gout. It is good for the liver aiid fpleen. A tanfy or caudle made with eggs, and juice thereof, while it is young, putting to it Ibme fugar and rofe-water, is good for a woman in child-bed, when the after-birth is not thoroughly voided, and for their faintings upon or in their fore travail. The herb bruifed and boiled in a little wine and oil, and laid warm on a boil, will ripen it,- and b.eak it^ Barberry. 'HE fhrul-) is fo we'l known by every boy and gfrl _ that hath but attained to the age of feven years, that it needs no defcription. Government and Virtues,'] Mars owns the fhrulr, and prefents it to the ufe of my countrymen to purge their bodies of choler. The inner rind of the Barberrv-tree boiled in white wine, and a quarter of a pint drank each morning, is an excellent remed\ to cleanfe the body of' choleric humours, and free it from fuch difeafes as- choler caufeth, fuch as fcabs, itch, tetters, ringworms, 3'ellow jaundice, boils, &c. It is excellent for hot agues, burnings, fcaldings, heat of the blood, heat of the liver, bloody flux, for the berries are as good as the bark, and more pleafing; they get a man a good llomach to his vidluals, b}- flrengthening the attradli ve faculty which is under Mars, as you may fee more at large at the latter end of my Ephemeris for the year i6; i. The hair w'aflied with the lye made of allies of the tree and water, w ill make it turn yellow, vix. of Mars’ own colour. I'he fruit and riiul of the flnub, the flowers of broom and of heath, or furze, cleanfe the body of choler by fym- pathy, as the flow ers, leaves, and bark of the peach- tree do by antipathy; becaufe thcfe are under Mars, that under Venus, Barley. The Englifh Phyfician Enlarged. 27 Barley. The continual ufefulnefs hereof hath made all nei-al fo acquainted herewith, that it is altogether needlefs to defcribe it, feveral growing, being yearly fown m this land. The virtues thereof take as tolloweth. _ i, i GovernvtentcTid Virtues.'] It is a notable plant of Saturn^ if you view diligently its effeas by fympathy and anti- paW you may eafily perceive a reafon ofthem ; as alfb why barley-bread is fo uiiwholfome lor melanchol)^ peo- ple. Barley in all the parts and compofition thereof, (ex- cept malt) is more cooling than wheat, and a little clean- fing. And all the preparations thereol, as Barley-water anS other things made thereof, do give great nourifliment to perfons troubled with fevers, agues, and Iieats m the ftomach. A poultice made of barley-meal or noui bail- ed in vinegar and honey, and a fesv dry figs put in them, ililTolveth all hard impoftliumes, and alTuageth mflam- maii ms, being thereto applied. And being boiled, with melilot and camomile-flowers, and lome hnfeed, greek and rue in powder, and applied warm, it ealeth pains in fide and Ifomach, and windinefs of the Ipleen. The meal of barley and fleaworts boiled in watei, and made a poultice with honey and oil of lilies, applied warm, cureth fwellings under the ears, throat, neck and fiich like; and a plaifter made thereof with tar, and oil, helpeth the king’s evil in the throat ; boiled with (harp vinegar into a poultice, and laid^ on hot, helpeth the leprofy ; being boiled in red wine witn pom- granate rind, and myrtles, ifayet’n the lafle or other flux of the belly ; boiled w ith vinegar and quince, it eafeth the pains of the gout; barley flour, white fait, honey, and vinegar mingled together, taketh away the itch Ipee- dily and certainly. The water diftilled from the green barley in the eml of May, is very good for thole that have defluflioiis of humours fallen into their eyes, and eafeth the pai’.i being dropped into tliem ; or white bread deeped therein, and bound on the eyes, doth the lame. Garden Bazil, or Sweet Bazil. De/cript.'] ^ I ■'HE greater or ordinary Bazil rlfoth up i ufually with one upright dalk diverfely branching forth on all fides, with two leaves at every joint, 28- Englifli PKyficiah Enlarged: id of -1 fcmewhat broad and round, yet point- ers are fm^Ed wh-ni healthy fcent. The flc!vv- branches, with tw^ ^he tops of the placessr^eiT in oth»r«T 'eaves at the joints, in foine feed, f he root neHniE?.'^^’ '^'^ek It groweth in gardens. iliiSiSaSa^^ Ssasas*" For my own part, I prefemly -found that fpeech true • And away to Dr . Reafon went I, who told me it was an ^ herb of Mars, and under the Scorpion, and perhaps therefore called Bafibcon, and it is no marvel if h carry a kind of virulent quality with it. Being applied to the place bitten by venomous beads, or dung bl a wafp o,- ^////zf^. Mizaklus affirms, that being laid to rot in horfe- dung. It will breed venomous beads. Hilarious, a French phyfician, affirrns upon his own knov\ ledge, that an ac- quaintance ol his, by common fmelling to^t,'had a fcor pion breed in his brain. Something is the matter, this herb and rue will never grow together, no, nor near one another ; and we know rue is as great an enemy to poi- fon as any that grows. * To conclude; it expelleth both birth and after-birth • and as it helps the deficiency of Venus in one kind, fo It fpoils all her adions in another. I dare write no more of It. The Bay Tree. I'll sHIS is fo well known that it needs no defcription ; JL I (hall therefore only write the virtues thereof, rshich are many. Givtrnment anti Virtuts.'\ I lhall but only add a word or fhe Englifh Phyfician Enlarged. 29 two to what my iVleml hath written, ’viz. That it is a tree of the l'un, and under the celellial fign Loo, and re- iirteth witchcraft very potently, as alfo all the evils old Saturn can do to the body of man-, and they are not a few ; for it is the fpeech of one, and I am miftal^n li it were notMizaldus, that neither witch nor cleyu, thvinaer nor lightening, will hurt a man in a place where a i>ay- tree is. Galen faid; that the leaves or bark do dry- and heal very much, and the berimes more than the leaves ; the bark of the root is lefs iharp and hot, but more bitter, • and hath fome aRridlion withal, whereby it is efFeaual to break the ftone, and good to open obitruftioits of th* liver, fpleen, anclother inward paVtSjWhichbring the jaun- dice, cli-opfy, &c. The berries are very efPeaual againlt all poifon of venomous creatures, and the fting of waCps and bees ; as alfo againll the peftilence, or other infefti- ous difeafes, and tWefore put into fundry treacles for that purpofe. They likewife procure women’s courfes ; and feven of them given to a woman in fore travail of child-birth, do caivfe a fpeedy delivery, and expel the af- ter birth, and therefore not to be taken by fuch as have not gone out their time, lell they procure abortion, or caufe labour too foon. They wonderfully help all cold and rheumatic diftillations from the brain to the eyes, lungs, or other parts ; and being made into an eledluary with honey, do help the confumption, old coiig-hs, Ihort-- nefs of breath, and thin rheums, as alfo the megrum. 'J'hey mightily expel the wind, and provoke urine; help the mother, and kill the worms. The, leaves alfo work the like efFofls. A bath of the decodlion of the leaves and berries, is fmgular good for women to fit in, that are trouliled with the mother, or the difeafes thereof, or the Hoppings of their courfes, or for the difeafes of the blad- der, pains in the bowels by wind and Hopping of urine. A decoction likewife ofecjual parts of Bay lierries, cum- min-feed, IiyHbp, origanum, and enphorbiuin, with fome honey, and the head bathed therewith, doth wonderfully lu:lp dillillations and rheinns, and fetlleth the palate of the mouth into its place. 'I’lie oil made of the berries is very comfoftable in all cold griefs of the joints, nerves, . arteries, Homach, belly, or womb, and helpeth jialfies, oonvulfions, cramp, aches, tremblings and lunnbnefs in any part, wearinefs alfo, and jiains that come by fore tra- velling. All griefs and pains proceeding from wind, ei- ther 30 The Englifh Phyjician Enlarged. ther in the head, ftomach, back, belly, or womb by ears* are llfoc .‘herewith; and pains in the eais are alfo cured by dropping in fome of the oil or bv receiving into the ears the fume of the decoftion ofthe hemes through a funnel. The oil takes away the marks theSeeakdn^ falls, &c. and diffolveth Beans." and field Beans are fo well known, tion nf til any defcrip- tion of them. Their virtues follow. They are plants of Venus, and the <^ili‘lled water of the flower of garden Beans, is good to clean the face and Ikin from fpots and wrinkles, and the meal or flour of them, or the fmall beans, doth tlie ame. 1 he water diflilled from the green hulks, is held e very efFeftual againll the ftone, and to provok#- urine. Bean flour is ufed in poultices to afluage inflamma- tions riling upon wounds, and thefwelling of women Imealrs, caufed by curdling of . their milk, and reprefleth meir milk, h lour of beans and fenugreek mreed with honey, and applied to felons, boils, bruifes, or blu9 marks by blows, or the impofljiumes in the kernels of the ears, helpeththem all, and with rofe leaves, frankin- cenfe, and thewhiteol an egg, beingapplied to the eyes, helpeth them that are As ollcu or do water, or have re- ceived any blow upon them, if ufed with wine. If a Bean be parted in two, ihe Ikin being taken away, and laid on the place vvliere the leech hath been fet that bleed- eth too much, flayeth the bleeding. Bean flour boiled to a poultice with wine and vinegar, and fome oil put thereto, eafeth both l ainsand fwelling of the cods. Ine hulks boileil in water to the confumption of a third part thereof, Hayeth a lalk, and the albes of the hulks, made up with hogs greaCe, helpeth the old pains, contufions, and wounds of the linevvs, the foiatica and gout. The field Beans have all the arorementioned virtues as the garden Beans. Beans eaten are extremely windy meat; but ifafter the Dutch falliion, when they are half boiled you hulk them, and then Itew them, ( 1 cannot tell you how, for 1 never was cook in all my life) they are wholcfome food. i'rench The Englifli Phyfician Enlarged, 31 French Beans. Defcripi.1 French or Kidney-Bean arifeth at firft A but with one ftalk, which afterwards di- vides itfelf into majiy arms or branches, but all fo weak, that if they be not fullained with fticks or poles, they will be fruitlefs upon the ground. At feveral places of thefe branches grow loot italks, each with three broad, round and pointed green leaves at the end of them ; to- wards the top comes forth divers flowers made like unto peas bloflbms, of the fame colour for the moft part that the fruit will be of; that is to fay, white, yellow, red, blackifh , or of a deep purple, but white is the moll; ufual ; after which come long and flender flat cods, fome crook- ed, fome flraight, with a firing running down the back thereof, wherein is flattilh round fruit made like a kid- ney ; the root long, fpreadeth with many firings annexed, to it, and perilheth every year. There is another fort of French Beans commonly- growing with us in this land, which is called the fcarlet flowered Bean- This arifeth with fundry branches as the other, but runs higher to the length of hop poles, about which they grow twiiTlhg, but turning contrary to the fun, having loot fialks with three leaves on each, as on the other; the -flowers alfo are like the other, and of a moll orient fcarlet colour. The Beans are larger than the ordinary- kind, of a dead purple colour, turning black when ripe and dry, d'he root perifiicth in Winter. Gonjtrnmetii and Fhiue!.^ Thefe alfo belong to Dame \ onus, and being dried and beat to powder, areas great llrengtheners of the kidnies as any are; neither is there a better remedy than it ; a dram at a time taken in wiiite wine, to prevent the Hone, or to cleanfe the kid- nies of gravel or fioppage. The ordinary French Beans are of an er.fy digefiion ; they move the belly, provoke urine, enlarge the breall that is llreightened with Ihortnels of breath, engender fperm, and incite to venery. And the fcarlet-colo tired Beans, in regard of the glorious beauty of their colour, being fet near a quickfet hedge, will brav'ely adorn the fame by climbing up thereon, fo »4iat they may be difeerned a great way, not. without ad- miration 3'2 ’Ihe Englifh Phyfician Enlarg'dd^ miration of the beholders at a dlftance. But they will gn near to kill tlie quickfets by cloathing them in ftarlel. Ladies Bed-Straw. ■jOESlI)F,S the common name above '.vritten, it is cab “fLJ led Chc’ore Rennet, becaule it pcrlbrnis the fame of’- fice; asailb Galli.on, Pettiiniijrgef, and Maid-hair: and by fomc Wild Rofcinary. . De/cript.] This rifeth ‘ii)> with divers rmall, bfowni and fquare upright (talks,, a yard high or more j foinetimes-; branches lb rth into divers parts, full of joints, and with’ divers very tine fin.all leaves at every one of them, little ■ or nothing rough at all j at the tops of the branches grovv many long tufts or branches ofyellow flowers, very thick fet together, from the feveral joins which confill of four leaves a piece, tvhich fmell fomewliat llrong, but not unpleafuiic, The feed is lir.Hll and black IHce poppy feed, two for the mofl part Joined together. "JTe root'ls red- dilh, with many frnail ihivads faitened unto it, which take ftroiig hold of the grouml, uml cicej eth a little p and the branches leaning n little 'iown to the ground,- take root at the joints thereof, whereby it is eafily en- creafed. There is another fort ofl.adies Bed-firaw growing^ fre- quently in England, which beareth white flowers as th« other doth yellow; but the liranches of this are fo weak, that unlefs it Ise fullaincd by the edges, or other things near which it gi owetli, it will lie dow n to the ground. The leaves a little Ijigger than ilie former, and the flow- ers not fo j-.leiuiful as thc'.’c, :iud the root hereof is alfo ’ thready anil abiding. Place.] Tbey grow in meadows and palhires both wet and dry, and t>y the hedges. Time.] 'I'hey flower in May for the mo ft p.nrt, and the ' feed is ripe in .hdy and Augull. (jovernment and Pirtues.] I'liey are l)oth herbs ol ^ eiuis,- and therefore li lengthening tlie jiarts both internal and external, wliieli (he rules. The decoflion of the former ol thofe lieing drank, is good to fret and break the (lone, • provoke urine, Itayeth inward lileediiig, ami henleth in- wares with notches, fomewhat refembling the leaves of the Wood Betony, but much larger too, for the moll part fet at a joint. The flowers are many, fet at the tops of the llalks and branches, being round' bellied and opened at the brims, and divided into two parts, the uppermolt being like a hood, and the low ermoll like a hip hang- ing down, of a dark red colour, wdiich palling, there come in their places fmall round heads with fmau points at the ends, wherein lie fmall and brownilh feeds. The root is a thick bulh of firings and fhreds growing from the head. Place.~\ It grow eth by the ditch-fidc, brooks, and other watcr-courfes, generally through this land, and is feldom found far from the water-fide. Time.'] It flowereth about July, and the feed is ripe in Augufl. liovtrnment and Virtues.] Water Betony is an herb of Jupiter in Cancer, and is appropi ia(r feafon requirech; taken any of the aforefaid ways, it helpeth the jaundice, falling-ftcknefs, the pally, comntl- lions, or fhrinking of the finews, the gout, and thofe tnati are inclined to dropfy, thole that have continual pains- in their heads, although it turn to phrenfy. The powder mixed m ith pure hoticy, is ntr Icfs available lor all forts^, of coughs or colds, wheefing, or Ihortnefs of breath, dif-^ tillations of thin rheum upon the lungs, which caufeth confumptions. 'I'he decoflion made with mead, and a little penny-royal, is good for thofe that are troubled wnth putrid agues, whether quotidian, tertian, or quar- tan, and to draw dov. n and evacuate the blood and hu- mours, that by falling into the eyes, do hinder the fight ; the d.ecoftion -thereof made in \yine, and taken, killeth the worms in the belly, openeth obiirudtions both of the fpleen and liver, cureth flitches, and pains in the back or Tides, the torments and griping pains of the bowels, and the wind-cholic ; and mixed with honey purgeth the belly, helpeth to bring.down omen’s courfes, and is of fpecial life for thofe that are troubled w ith the falling- down of the motlier, and yiains thereof, and caufeth an eafy and fpeedy deli\ery of women in child-birth. It helpeth alfo to break and expel the flone, .either in the bladder or kidnies. 'I'he decodtion with \\ ine gargled in the mouth, eafeth the tooth-ach. It is commended againfl the flinging or biting of venomous ferpents, or mad lace. A dram of the powilcr ol Betoii) , taken with a little honey in fome vinegar, doth wonderfully refrefh thofe that are over wearied b\ travel. It liaveth bleeding at the mouth or nofe, :ind helpeth thole that pH's or f[)’i't blood, aiul thofe that are burlieii or hav e a rupture, and is good fur fiich as are bruifeil by any fall The Englifh Phyjician Enlarged, gy plied to any inward hurt, or outward c reen wound irt' the head or body, will quickly heal andclofe it up; as alfo any Veins or finewsthatare cut; and will draw forth any broken bone or fplinter, thorn or other things ?ot irito the flelh. It is no lefs profitable for old fores or fil-, Oiy ulcers ; yea, though they be fiftulous and hollow." Hut fome do advife to put a little fait to this purpofe being applicil with a little hog’s lard, ithelpeth a plague fore, and other boils and puOies. The fume ofthe de-’ coftion while it is warm, received by a funnel into. the cajs, ea'eth the-pains of them, dellrovs the worms and cureth the running fores in them. The juice dropped into them doth the fame. The root of Betony is dif- pleafing both to the talle and ftomach, whereas the leaves and flowers, by their fweet and fpicy tafte are tomiortable both to meat and medicine. ’ f hefe are fome .of the many virtues Antony Mufe a» expert phyfician (for it was not the praftice ofOdavius 5 Kfar w keep fools about him) appropriates to feetonv^ It I.S a very precious herb, that Is certain, and moft fittiiw to be kept in a man’s houle, both in fyrup, conferve* I The Beech Tree. J fuppofe It is needlefs to defcrilje it i j too well known to my countrymen. ’ b already It groweth-in w<;ods among oaks anrl ml. trees, and parks, forefls, and chaces to fe^d^ ? and 111 other places to fatten fwine. " ^ V//W#.] Itblooipethiii the endofAnril k - • May, for the moft part, and the fruit is ripri, Se J Gorvernment and f'irtueiA It is a ulant ^ |,err„r„„ I* qLli.ieA.Sj o Lu?"''’’ operations. 'I’he leaves of the Beech-treell binding, and ther.-fore good to be ippft.m bugs, to difenfs them; the nuL do ^ beads as feed thereon, ’fhe water | bicl» hollow placos „r ,le,,ayi„p Booclic, ,1 ii '* .-.ihe.n„r.„yrou„,>ro^,,, fie ^8 "The Englifh Phyjician Enlarged. be waftied therewith; you may boil the leaves into a. poultice, QF make an ointment of them when time of year ferves. Bilberries, called by fame Whorts,-antf Whortle* Berries. Ve/cript.^ thefe I (hall only which are common in En fpeak of two forts gland, viz, the black and red berries. And firft of the black. The fmall bufh creepeth along upon the ground, fcarce rifmg half a yard high, with divers fmall dark green leaves fet in the green branches, not always one againft the other, and a little dented about the edges ; at the foot of the leaves come forth fmall, hollow-, pale,' bluilh colour- ed flowers, the brims ending with five points, w-ith a reddi(h thread in the middle, which pafs into fmall round berries of the bignefs and colour of juniper berries, but ofa purple, fweetiih, (harptafte; the juice of them giveth purplilh colour in tlieir hands and bps that eat and handle them, efpecially if they break them. 'Phe root groweth aflope under ground, (hooting forth in funclry places as it creepeth. Ihis loles its leases in W inter. The Red Bilberry, or Whortle-bulh, ril'eth up like the former, having fundry hard leaves, like the Box-tree' leaves, green and round pointed, ihmdiiig on the feveral, branches, at the top whereof onl) , and not Ir. in the hdes, , as in the former, come forth :i rt«i • fuch like barren places. The retl grows in the north parts and the fruit of this land, as Lanc:\(hire, Yorsfliire, &c. Time.] They flower in March and April, of the black is ripe in .luly and Auguft. Golernmenl and Ehey are under the clom.nmn •f Jupiter. It is a pity they, are uied no more iii ph>- £c than they are. The Black Bilberries are good in hot aeues, and to cool the hei^t ot the liver and ftomach tSey do fomewhat bind the belly, and (lay vomitings and loathings ; the juice of the berries made in a fyrup, or he l?.do made into a conferve with lugar, is good tor the Eipes »for«foia. as alfo for an oU cough, or an nicer 7ht Englilh Phyfician Enlarged, 39 Jn the lungs, or other difeafes therein. The red WhorU are more binding, and ftop women’s courfes, fpitting of blood, or any other flux of blood or humours, being ufed as well outwardly as inwardly. Bifoil, or Twablade. De/crift.'\ f I 'HIS fmall herb, from a root fomewhat X fvveet, (hooting downwards many long firings, rifeth up a round green ftalk, bare or naked next the ground for an inch, two or three to the middle there- of, as it is in age or growth ; as alfo from the middle up- ward to the flowers, having only two broad plantain- like leaves (but whiter), fet at the middle of the ftalk, one againft anothea, compafleth it round at the bottom of them. Place.^ It is an ufual inhabitant in woods, copfes, and in many other places in this land. There is another fort groweth in wet grounds and marflies, which is fomewhat different from the former. It is afmaller plant, and greener, having fometi hies three leaves; the fpike of the flowers is lei's than the former, and the roots of this do run or creep in the ground. They are much and often ufed by. many to good pur- pofe for wounds, both green and old, and to confolidate or knit ruptures; as well it may, being a plant of Saturn. De/cript.~\ The Birch Tree. This groweth a gooped bai*k, and the younger beiiiff browner by much. The leaves at the firll breaking out are trumpled, and afterw'ards like beech leaves, but fmal- ler and greener, and dented about the edges. It beareth fmall (hort cat-lkins, fomewhat like thofe of the hazel nut-tree, which abide on the branches a long time, until growing ripe, they lall on the ground, and their feed with them. Place.'\ It ufually groweth In woods. It is a tree o^ Venus ; thejuice the dillilled wa- ter ot them, or the water that comes from the tree beinir Wed with an auger, and diftilled afterwards - any o^f br^k S’" together, is-availabl^ to D z Btrd’a 40 7 he Englifli Phjician Enlarged. ’ ' Bird’s Foot. This fmall herb groweth not above a'fpan high, with many branches fpreacl upon the ground, - let with many wings of fmall leaves. T. he flowers grow upon the branches, many fmall ones of a pale yellow colour being fet ahead together, which afterwards turnethinto fmall jointed cods, well refembling the claws of fmall birds, whence it took its name. There is another fort of Bird’s-foot in all things like the former, but a little larger ; the flower of a pale whit- - ilh red colour, and the cods diftind by»joints like the ether, but a little more crooked, and the roots do carry many fmall white knots or kernels among the firings. Place.^ Thefe grow on heaths, and many open until- led places of this land. Time."] They flower and feed in the end of Summer. Gonjernment and Pirtuet, | They belong to Saturn, and are of a drying, binding quality, and thereby very good to be ufed in wound drinks; as alfo to apply outwardly for the fame purpofe. But the latter Bird’s-I'oot is found by experience to break the flone in the back or kidnies, and drives them forth, if the decoflion thereof be taken ; and it wonderfully hdpeth the rupture, being taken in- wardly, and outwardly applied to the place. All falts have bell operation upon the flone, asoint-, ments and plaiflers hav e upon wounds ; and therefore you may make a fait of thisfor the flone ; the w ay how to do fo may be found in my tranflation ofthe London Hifpenfatory ; and it njay be 1 mav' give you it again in plainer terms at the latter end of this book. Bifliops-Wced. BTSIDES the common name Bifhops-weed,’tis ufually known by the Greek name Ammi and Ammics\ fome call it ASthiopian Cummin-feed, anvl others Cummin- royal, as alfo Herb-William, and Bull-wort. Dt/cript.'\ Common Bifliops-wcevl riteth up with a round llraightftalk, fomelimes as high as a man, but ufu- ally three or four feet high, befet with di vci's fmall, long, and fomewhat broad leaves, cut in fome places, ainl^ rt growing in this land, butfmaller, both in hei-ht, root, and lialks, aitdelWi- ally in the leaves. 'I’he root is blackilh wdthout, and fomewhat whilifh within ; of an aullere bindin-r talfe, as the former. ° D J P/off,] 42 The Englifh Phyfician Enlarged, moi/l woods, and at the foot ot hi Is, butarecluefly nourifhed up in gardens. The narrow4eaed Bifloit growetli in the north, in I-.anca(hire, Yorkfhire, and Cuinberland. _ Tirnt.-] They flower about the end ofMay, and the feed IS npe about the beginning of July. Comment and yirtues.-\ It belongs to Saturn, antion. ft is c- lied Lan^ue de Beuf ; but why then fiiould they call one herb by the name Buglofs, and anotherby the name Langue de Btnf ? It is fome qnc.fiion to me, feeing one fignifies Ox-tongue in Greek, and tlie other fignifies the fame in French. j The leaves whereof are fmaller than thofe of Buglofs, but much rougher ; the Italks arifeth up about a foot and a half high, and is moll commonly of a red’col lour; the flowers Hand in fcaly rough heails, l-einvcoin- jmled of many fmall yellow flow’d':,, not inuch untb c to thofe ot UandehoUB, and the fpe’d flietli away ip down S ' Vi: 4^ ‘ The Englifli Phyfician Enlarged. the flowers by tiieir talie, for they are \ e-:y bitter. • f groweth wild in many places of this land, found near London, as between Rotherhuh and Deptford, by theditchfide. Its virtues are held to be the fame with Borage and Buglofs, only this IS iOmewhat hotter. ^ July, and the feed is ripe Ihortly after. Government and Virtues.-] They are all three herbs of Tu- piter, and under Leo, all great cordials, and great Irrengtheners of nature. The leaves and roots are to very good purpofe,ufed in putrid and pellilential fevers, to defend the heart, andhelp to refifl and expel the poifon, or the venom of other creatures ; the feed is of the like effedls; and the feed and leaves are good to increafemilk in women’s breads; the leaves, flowers, and feed, all or of them, are good to expel penfivenefs aiidjnelan- chol^ ; it helpeth to clarify the blood, and mitigate heat in fevers. The juice made into a fyrup, prevaileth much to all the purpofes aforefaid, and is put with other cooling, opening, and cleanfmg herbs to open obflruflions, andhelp the yellow jaundice, and mixed with fumitory, to cool, cleanfe, and temper the blood thereby ; it helpeth the itch, ringworms, and tetters, or other fpreading fcabs or fores. The flowers candied or made into a conferve, are helpful in the, former cafes, but are chiefly ufed as a cordial, and are good lor thofe that are weak in long ficknefs, and to com- fort the heart and fpirits of thofe that are in a con- fumption, or troubled with often fwoouings, or pafSons of the heart. The diflilled water is no lefs effeftual to all the purpofe^ aforefaid, and helpeth the rednefs and in- flammations of the e)es, being wafhed therewith ; the dri- ed herb is never ufed, but the green ; yet the arties there- of, boiled in mead, or honied watei', is available againll the inflammations and ulcers in the mouth or throat to gargle it therewith ; the roots of Buglofs are efFe^lual, be- ing made into a licking elefluary for the cough, and to condenfate thick phlegm, and the rheumatic dillillations upon the lungs. Blue-Botile. IT is called Syanus, I fuppofe from the colour of it< Hurtfickle, becaufe it turns the edge of the Tickles that xeap the corn; Blue-blow, Corn-flower, and Blue-bottle. De/crift.] ^fhe EngHfl^ Phyjtcian Enlarged: 47. Defcript.'] I (hall only clefcribethat wRich is cominonefl:,. and in my opinion moii ufeiul ; its leaves fpi'ead upon the ground, being ofa whitifh green colour, fomevvhat on the edges like thole ofCornfcabions, amongft which arifeth up a (talk divided into divem branches, befet with lon°' lea\^es of greenifh colour, either but yeiy litt.e in- dented or not at all ; the flowers are^ of a blue colour, from whence it took its name, confifting of an innumer- able company of fmall flovyers (et in a fcaly head, not much unlike thofe of knapweed ; the feed is fmooth,. bright and (hilling, wrapped up in a wooly mantle; the root perifheth every year. Place.} They grow in corn-fields, amongft all forts of corn (peas, beans, and tares excepted). If youpleafeto take them up from thence, and tranfplant them in your garden, efpecially towards the full of the moon, they will grow more double than they are, and many times change colour. 7'tme.'] They flower from the beginning of May to the end of harvefl. » Government and Viruiei.'] As they are naturally cold, dry, and binding, fo the} are under the dominion of Saturn. 'I'he powder ordried leaves of the Blue-bottle, or Corn- flower, is given with good liccefs to thofe that are bruif- ctl by a fall, or have broken a vein inwardly, and void much blood at the mouth ; being taken in the water of plantain, horfetail, or the greater comfrey, it is a reme- dy agai nit the pni foil of the fcorpion, and refifteth all ve- noms and pollbri. The feed or leaves taken in wine, is very goodagainli the plague, and all infed'tiousdifeal'es, and is \ery good in peftilential fevers; the juice pvit in- to iVefli or green wounds, doth quickly folder up the lips of them together, and is very efteflual to heal all ulcers and fores in the mouth ; the juice dropped into the eyes takes away the heat ancl inflammation of them; the diliilled water of this herb hath the fame properties, and may he ufed for the effeds aforefaid. Brank Urfine. 1 BF.SIDF.the common name Bra nk Urflne, it is alfocal- led Bears-breech, and Acanthus, tho’ 1 think our F.nglilh names to be more proper; for the Greek word Acanthus, figii'fiesany thiltle whatfoever. Ue/cript ] This thiltle fliooteth forth very many large, ^ thicks •48 The Englifh Phyfician Enlarged. velt thtt "" -VP”" ^ J-1 r . nb ; the leaves are nartetues.] It is an excellent plant under the dominion of the Moon. I could wilh fuch as are llu- dious would labour to keep it in the gardens ; the leaves being boiled and ufed in cliiters, are excellent good to mollify the belly, and make the palTage flippery ; the de- coftion drank inwardly, is excellent and good for the bloody flux; the leaves being bruifed, or rather boiled, ■and applied like a poultice, are very good to unite broken bones, and ftrengthen joints that ha' e been put out; the decodfion of either leaves or roots being drank, and the decoftion of leaves applied to the place, is excellent good for the king’s evil that is broken and runneth ; for by the influence of the Moon, it reviveth the ends of the veins which are relaxed ; there is fcardea better remedy to be applied to fuch places as are burnt with fire than this is, for it fetches out the fire, and heals it without a fear ; this is an excellent remedy for fuch as are burden, being either taken inwardly, or applied to the place; in like manner pfed it helps the crampand thegout ; it is excellent good ih hedlic fevers, and reftores' radical inoiflureto fuch as ar6 in confuihptions. Briony, or Wild Vine. IT is called Wild, and Wood Vine, Tamus or Ladies Seal. The white is called White Vine by fome, and the black. Black Vine. D Script.] The Englifh Phyfician Enlarged. 49 Defcript.'] The common White. Briony groweth ramp- ing upon the hetlges, fending forth many long, rough, very tender branches at the oeginning, with, many very, rough and brood leaves thereon, cut (for the moll part) into five partitions, in form very like a vine deal, but fmaller, rough, and ot a whitilh hoary green colour, fpreading very far, fpreading and twining with his fmall clafpers (that, come forth at the joints with the leaves) very far on whatfoever llandeth next to it. At the feveral joints alfo (efpecially towards the top of the branches) cometh forth a long llalk, bearing many whitilh flowers toget'her on a long tuft, confilling of five fmall leaves a-piece, laid opfen like a liar, after which come the berries feparated one Iroin another, more tha,n a duller of grapes, green at the fiiil, and very red when they are thorough ripe, of no good fcent, but ol a moll loathfome talle, provoking vomit. The root groweth to be exceeding great, with many long twines or branches going from it, of a pale whitilh colour on the outlide, and more w hite within, and of a (harp, bitter, loathfome talle. Place.'] It groweth on banks, or under hedges, through this land ; the roots lie very deep. 7/w.] Itflowereth in ]u!y and Augull, fome earlier, and fom.e later than tlie other. Gwernment and Virtues.'] They are furious martial plants. 'J’he root of Briony purges the belly w'ith great violence, troubling the llomach, and burning the liver, and therefore not ralhly to be taken ; but being cor- refled, is very .profitable for the difeafes of the head, as falling licknefs, giddinefs and fvvimmings, by drawing away much phlegm and rheumatic humours thatopprefs the head, as alfo the joints and finews, and is therefore good for palfies, convulfions, cramps, and flitches in the fides, and the dropfy, and in provoking urine ; it cleanfeth the reins and kidnies from gravel and Hone, by opening the obflruftion of the fpleen, and confumcth the hardnefs and fwelling thereof. The decoftion of the root in wine, drank once a week at going to bed, cleanfeth the mother, and helpeth the rifing thereof, ex- pelleth the dead child ; a dram of the root in powder taken in white wine, bringeth down their courfes. An eleftuary made of the roots and honey, doth mightily cleanfe the chefl of rotten phlegm, and w'oiiderfully helps any old llrong cough, to thofe that are troubled with 50 The Englift Phyfician Enlarged. with (hortnefs of breath, and is veiy good for tl.em tliat gie bruifed inwardly, to help to expel the clotted or congealed Idood. 1 he leaves, fruit and root, do cleanfe old and filthy fores, are good againli all fretting and running cankers, gangrenes, and tetters, and therefore the berries are by foine country-people called tetter- bernes. Ihe root clepfeth thelkin wonderfully from all black and blue fpots, freckles, morphew, leprofy, foul fears, or other deformity whatfoever; alfo all running fcabs and manginefs are healed by the powder of the dried root, or the juice thereof, but efpecially by the fine white hardened juice. The di hilled water of the root worketh the fame effefts, but' more weakly; the root bruifed and applied of itfell to any place where the bones are broken, helpeth to draw' them forth, as- alfo fplinters and thorns in the flelh ; and being applied with a little wine mixed therewith, it breaketh boils,, and helpeth whitlow's on the joints.— Tor all thefe latter^ beginning at fores, cancers, &c. apply it outw'ardlv, and take my advice in my tra'nflation of the I.ondon i>ifpen- fatory, among the preparations at the latter end, where' you have a medicine called Faculu B^ionia, w’hich take and ufe, mixing it with a little hog’s greafe, or other convenient ointment. As for the former difeafes, where it muft be taken in- wardly, it jHirgeth very violently, and needs an abler hand to correct it than moll country people have; therefore, it is a better w'ay for them, in my opinion, to let the fimple alone, and take the compound water of it mentioned in my Difpenfatory, and that is lar more fafe, being wifely corretied. Brook Lime, or Water Pimpernel. Defcripl,^ ^ I 'HIS fendeth forth from a creeping root A that Ihooteth forth firings at every joint, as it runneth, divere and fundiy green flahs, rouml and fappy, with fome branches on them, foiiie- what broad, round, deep green and thick leaves, fet by couples thereon ; from the bottom whereof fhoot forth long footdalks, with fundry fmall blue flowers on them, that confifl of five fmall round pointed leaves a-piece. J'hcre is another fort nothing difFering from the for- mer, but that it is greater, and the flowers of a paler erecn colour. 77if Englifli Phyfician Enlarged, 51 Place.'] They grow in fmall ftauding waters, and ufualiy near water-crefTes. Time.] And flowers in June and July, giving feed the next month aller. Government and Finues.] Tt is a hot and biting martial plant. Brooh-lime and water-crefles are generally ufed together in diet-drink, with other things ferving to purge the blood and body from all ill humours that would deftroy health, and are helpful to the feurvy. They do all provoke urine, and help to break the Hone, and ])afs it away; they procure women’s courfes, and expel the dead chi'd. Being frietl with butter and vinegar, and applied warm, it helpeth all manner of tumours, fweUings, and inflammations. Such drinks ought to be made of fundry herbs, ac- cording to the malady. I (haU give a plain and eafy rule at the latter end of this bodk. Butchers Broom. IT is called Rufeus, and Brufeus, Kneeholm, Knee- holy, Kneehulver, and Pettigree. ' Defeript.] The firil flioots that fprout from the root ol Butchers Broom, are thick, whitilh, and Ihort, fomewhat like thofe of afparagus, but greater, they rifing up to be a toot and a half high, are fpread into divers branches, green, andTomewhat crelTed with the rouifdnefs, tough and fle.xilde, whereon are fet fomewhat broad and al- mofl; round hard leaves, and prickly, pointed at. the cntl, of a dark green colour, two for the moll part fet at a place, very clo!e and n'ear together; about the middle ot the leaf, on the back and lower fide from the middle rib, breaketh forth a fmall whitilli green flower, confining of Ibur fmall round pointed leaves. Handing upon little or no footllalk, and in the place whereof Cometh^ fmall round berry, green at the lirll, and red ^when it is ripe, wherein are two or three white, hard, found feeds contained. The root is thick, white, and great at the head, and from thence fendeth forth divers thick, white, long, tough firings. Place.] It groweth in copies, and upon heaths anf ^the bignefs of a finger or thumb, above two feet high, having a Ihew of leaves on them, and man)" flowers' at the top, of a reddifh yellow colour, as alfo the llalks and leaves are. Place,'] They grow in many places of this land com- monly, and as commonly fpoil all the land they grow in. Time "] And flower in the Summer months, and give their feed before Winter. Government affd Virtues.] The juice or decoflion of the young branches, or feed, or the powder of the feed taken in drink, purgeth downwards, and draweth phleginati'; and watery humours from the joints, whereby it heli.>eth the dropfy, gout, fciatica, and pains of the hips and joints; it alfo provoketh flrong vomits, and helpeth the pains of the fides, and fwelling of the fpleen, cleanfeth alfo#:he reins or kidnies, and bladder of the flone, pro- voketh urine abundantly, and hindereth the growing^ again of the Hone in the body. The continual ufe ot the The Englifli Phyfician Enlarged. - 53 tlie powder of the !eas;es and feed doth cure the black jaundice. The diftilled water of the flowers is profita- ble for all the fame purpofes ; it alfo helpeth furfeitSs , and altereth the fits of agues, H three or four ounces thereof, with as much of the water of the lefler cen- taury, and a little fugar put therein, be taken a little l)efore the fit cometh, and the party be laid down to fweat in his bed. The oil of water that is drawn irom the end of the green flicks heated in the fire, helpeth the tooth-ach. 'I'he juice of young branches made into an ointment of old hog’s greafe, and anointed, or th« young branches bruifed and heated in oil or hog’s greafe, and laid to the fides pained by wind, as in flitches, or the fpleen, eafeth them iiv once or twice ufing it. The fame boiled in oil is the fafefl and furefl medicine to kill lice in the head or body, if any ; and is an efpecial remedy for joint aches, and fwollen knees, that come by the falling down of humours. The Broom rape alfo is not without its virtues. The decoftion thereof in wine is thought to be as ef- fectual to void the ftone in the kidnies and bladder, and to provoke urine, as the Broom itfelf. The juice thereof is a Angular good help to cure as wdl green wounds, as old and filthy fores and malignant ulcers. The info- i late oil, wherein there hath been three or four repetitions I of infufion of the top ftalks, with flowers ftrained and I cleared, cleanfeth the fkin from all manner of fpots, ! marks, and freckles, that rife either by the heat of th« tfun, or the malignity of humours. As for the Broom land Broom-rape, Mars owns them, and is exceedingly ! prejudicial to the liver; I fuppofe by reafon of the an- itipathy between jupiter and Mars, therefore if the liver I be difaffeiled, miniller none of it. Buck’s-Horn Plantain. \Defcript.'\ ' I ' MIS being fown of feed, riCeth up at firll 1 _ with fmall, long, narrow, hairy, dark igrcen leaves, like grafs, without any divilion or gafti in ithem, but thofe that follow are galhed in on’ both fides the leaves into three or four gaflies, and pointed at the lends, refembling the knags of a buck’s horn, (whereof it look its name; and being well ground round about the root upon the gr(;und, or order one by another, thereby refcmbruig the form ol a flar, from among which rife up rliv'crs hairy (lalks, about a haml’s breadth high, bearing 54 'I'he Engli{h Phyfician Enlarged. bearing every one a fmall, long, fpiky head, like to thofe of the common Plantain, having fuch like bloom- ings and feed after ^hem. The root is fmgle, long and fmall, with divers firings at it. Place.^ d hey grow in fandy grounds, as in Tothil-fields» by Weflminfler, and divers other places of this land. Time.'\ They flower and feed in May, June, and July, and their green leaves do in a maimer abide 1‘refh all the Winter. Government a>id Virtues.] It is under the don^inioil of Saturn, and is of a gallant, diying, and binding quality. This boiled in wine and drank, and fome of the leaves put tp ihe hurt place, i-'; an excellent remedy for th« biting of the viper or adder, which I take to be one and the fame. The fame being alfo drank, helpeth thofe that are troubled with the ftone in the reins or kidnies, by- cooling the heat of the part afflifled, and flren^thening them ; alfo weak ftomachs that cannot retain, but calt up their meat. It Itayeth all bleeding, both at mouth and nofe, bloody urine, or the bloody-flux, and flop- Eeth the lafk of the belly and bowels. The leaves hereof ruifed and laid to their fides that have an ague, fud- denly eafeth the lit; and the leaves and roots being beaten with forae b^ fait, and applied to the wrifts, worketh the fame effefts. The herb boiled in ale or wine, and given for fome mornings and evenings toge- ther, ftayeth the diftillation of hot and lharp rheums falling into the eyes from the head, and helpeth all foru of fore eyes, Bucks Horn. IT is called Harts-horn, Herba-ftella, and Herba-fleU laria, Sanguinaria, Herb-eve, Herb-ivy, Wort- trefles, and Swinc-creffes. Defcrtpt.] They have many fmall and weak ftraj^gling branches trailing here ami there upon the ground ; the leaves are many, fmall ami jagged, not much unlike to thofe of Bucks-horn Plantain, but much Imaller, and not fo hairy ; the flow'ers grow among the leaves m fmall, rough, whitifli chillers ; the feeds are Imaller and brownifh, of a bitter talle. Place.] They grow in dry, barren, fandy grounds. ^ime,] d'hey flower and feed when the relt ol the plantains do. _ Government and Virtues,] 1 ms nion of Saturn; the virtues arc is alfo under the domi- held to be the fame as Rucks- The Englifli Ph)>Jician Enlarged. 55 Bucks-horn Plantain', and.therefore by all authors it is joined with it ; the leaves bruifed and applied to the place^ Hops bleeding ; the herb bruifed and applied to warts, will make them confume and wafte away in alhorttime. Besides the name Bugle, ’tis called Middle Confound and Middle Comfrey, Brown Bugle, andof fome Sicklewort, and Hfcrb-Carpenter ; though in Eflex we call another herb, by that name. Defcript.'\ Tliis hath larger leaves than thofe of the Self* heal, but elfeofthe fame falhion, or rather longer, in fome »reen on the upper fide, and in others more brownilh, dented about tlie edges, fomewhat hairy, as the fquare ftalk is alfo, which rifeth up to be half a yard high fome- times, with the leaves fet by couples, from the middle aimolt, whereofupwards Hand the flowers, together with many fmaller and browner leaves than the refl, on the Halk below' fet at diHance, and the Halk bare betwixt them; among which flowers are alfo fmall ones of ablu- ifli and fometimes of an a(h colour, falhioned like the flowers of ground-ivy, after which come fmall, round, blackifli feeds ; the root is compofed of many Htings, and fpreadeth upon the ground. The white flowered Bugle difFereth not in form or greatnefs from the former, faving that the leaves and ualksare always green, and never brown, like the other, and the flowers thereof are white. ?/««.■] They grow in woods, copfes, and fields, gen&* rally throughout England, but the white flowered Bugle IS not fo plentiful as the former. Time.] 1 hey flower from May until .July, and In the mean time jierfeft their feed ; the roots aiul leaves next thcTeunto upon the ground abiding all the Winter. Government and ] This herb belongath to Dame enus ; il the virtues ol it make you fall in love with it (as they will ifyou be wife; keep a fyrup of it to take in- waid y, and an ointment and plailler of it to ufe out* Bugle. I he deenfllon (if tViti 1 • tvardly, always by you. iver-grown (as they call it). It 56 ^ht Englifh Phyjician Enlarged. It isAvonderful in curing all manner of ulcers and fores^ xvhether new and frefh, or old and inveterate; yea, gan- grenes and fillulas alfo, ifthe leaves bruifed and appli- ed, or their juice be ufed to \va(h and bathe the place, and the fame made into a lotion, and fome honey and allum, cureth all fores in the mouth and gums, be they ever fo foul, or of long continuance ; and worketh no lefs powerfully and efFeftually for fuch ulcers and fores a# Happen in the fecret parts of men and women. Being al- fo taken inwardly, or outwardly applied, it lielpeth thofa that have broken any bone, or have any member out of joint. An ointment made with the leaves of Bugle, Sca- bions and Sanicle bruifed and boiled in hog’s greafe, un- til the herbs be drj^, and then llrained forth into a pot for fuch occafions as fliall require ; it is fo fingulargood for all forts of hurts in the body, that none that know its ufefulnefs will be without it. The truth is, I have known this herb cure fome dif- eafes of Saturn, of which I thought good to quote one. Many times fuch as give themfelves much to drinking are troubled with ftrange fancies, ftrange fights in the night time, and fome with voices, as alfo with the difeafe ephi- altes; or the mare. I take the reafon of this to be (accord- ing to Fernelius) amelancholy vapour made thin by ex- cellive drinking ftrong liquor, and fo flies up and dilturbs the fancy, and breeds imaginations like itfelf, viz. fear- ful and troublefome ; thefe I have knowm cured by tak- ing only two fpoonfuls of the fyrup of this herb, after fupper two horn's, when you go to bed. But whether this does it by lympathy or antipathy, is fome dodbt irx aflrology. 1 know there is a great antipathy between Saturn and Venus in matter of procreation ; yea, fuch a one, that the barrennefs of Satyrn can be removed by none but Venus ; nor the tuft of ^'enus be repelled by none but Saturn ; but I am not of opiiuon this is done this way, and my reafon is, becaufe thelc vapours, though in quality melancholy, yet by their flying up\v aid, lecin to be fomething aerial ; therel’ore 1 rather think it is done by fympathy ; Saturn being exalted in Libra, in the houfe of Venus. Burnet. IT is called Sanguiforbia, Pimpinella, Bipula Solbcgrel- la, &c. The common garden Burnet isfo well known, I iKVt The Engli/h Phfician Enlarged, 57 ^utic needeth no deiription.-There is another fort . ich u iliP O'.r. „ C ^Ainiiy lU^ii llKe K.v..r.“ -‘r '■'7*'''"'’ S‘‘eater heads at the ton of a nle colour, and out of them comefmall dark nur p e flowers like the former, but areater -7. ^ Ptir- b ack and long like the other, bid grLt’alfo^ irhath .aftekh„eS,r7f°he gaot ^ ,"^hc fil ft grows frequently in gardens The little inferior to BetonvVl, /• P‘'ccious herb, body in hi h 7l t'7l‘''’“»‘“"="Otprer.ryes fun 1,0 tic I, refer „V fn ■ ^"'7 f" 'f the ' Jh*;^ W?,' 'iTi^' mill' o"!'' ^‘'oniatical. Jt is' a Sri >bc ]nrits, refrcfli and* rll^ known to quicken melancholy. Jt is ^ fnechl h ^^‘4 and drive away l>om noifomei aomr r f the heart «3c"7:,‘ - -II- in"ar,l oi„u7a ‘riafc the hloody-dttx, wotnen’s too ahuiKlf,, '“^''gmgs, V fefa':;!, L'i “«tnd,, both of the headh,.dZ;^t£i|,'i:iJ „°J' outward ; 5* The Englifli Phyfitian Enlarged. outward; for all old ulcers, running cankers, and inofl fores, to be ufed either by the juice or decodiion of the herb, or by the powder of the herb or root, or the water of the diftilled herb or ointment by itfelf, or with other things to be kept ; the feed is alfo no lefs elFeftual both to fluxes, and dry up raoifl fores, being taken in powder inwardly in wine, or fteeled water, that is, wherein hot gads of Heel have been quenched ; or the powder, or the feed mixed with the ointments. i The Butter-Bur, or Petafitis. Vefcript.1 HIS rifeth up in February, with a thick 1 fta'lk about a foot high, whereon are fet a few fmall leaves or rather pieces, and at the tops along fpike head ; flowers of a blulh or deep red colour, accord- ing to the foil where it groweth, andbefore the ftalk with the flowers have abiden a month above ground, it will be withered and gone, apd blown away with the wind, and the leaves will begin to fpring, which being full grown, are very large and broad, being fomewdiat thin and almoft round, whofe thick red four-ftalks above a foot long ftand tow ards the middle oi the leaves ; the low'^er part being divided into two round parts, clofe al- moft one to another, and are of a pale green colour, and hairy underneath ; the root is long, and fpreadeth under ground, being in fome places no bigger than one s fin-- ger, in others much bigger, blackith on the outfide, . and whitifh within, of a bitter and unplealant tafte. Place and Tune.'] d'hey grovy in low and wet grounds by rivers and water-fides ; their flower (as isfaid) rifing' and decaying in JHebruary and March, before theleaves,. which appear in April. _ , Government and Virtues.'] It is under the dominion of the Sun,andthet;eforeis a great ftrengthener of the heart, and. chearer of the vital fpirits ; the roots thereof are by long, experience founil to be very availableagainft the plague ami pellilential fevers, by provoking fweat ; if the pow- der thereof be taken in wine, it alio refilleth the force- of any other poifon ; the root hereof taken withaedoaiy. and angelica, or w ithout them, helps the rifing of the> mother; the deco^lion of the root in wine, isfingular good for thofe that wheefe much, or are fhort winded. It- provoketh urine alfo, and women’s courles, and kd- Icth the flat and broad worms m the belly. I powdei The Englifli Phyfidan Enlarged. 5^ )50\vcler of the root cloth wonderfully help to dry up the moillure ol the fores that are hard to be cured, and Laketh away all fpots and blemilhes of the Ikin. It were well if gentlewomen would keep this root preferved, to help their poor neighbours. It is fit the rich Jhsuld belf the poor, for the poor cannot help themfelves. The Burdock. They are alfo called Perfonata, and Loppy-major, great Burdock and Cdod-bur ; it is fo wejl known, even by the little boys, who pull off the burs to throw and flick upon one another, that I lhall fpare to writ* any defeription of it. Place.] They grow plentifully by ditches and water- lides, and by the highways almoft every where throujih this land. Government and Virtues.] Venus challengeth this herb for her own, and by its leaf and feed you may draw the womb which way you pleafe, either upwards, by ap- plying It to the crown of the head, in cafe it falls out ; dow'nwards, in fits of the mother, by applying it to the loles of the feet; or if you would ftay it in its place, apply It to the navel, anci that is one good way to Hay the child in it. (5ee more of it in my Guide for Women.) 1 be Burdock leaves are cooling, moderately drying anct dilcuffmg withal, whereby it is good for old ulcers' and fores. A dram of the roots taken w'itli pine-kernels, hdpeth them that fpit foul, mattery, and bloody phlegm. e leaves applied to the places troubled with the ibnnking of the Cnews or arteries; give much cafe. I be juice of the leaves, or rather the roots themfelves. gi\en to drink with old w ine, doth wonderfully help the bitiiig any ferpents; and the root beaten with a on ^ t fuddenly eafeth the l ain thereof, and helpeth thofe that are bit by a mad I leaves being drank with honey, J lovoketh urine, and remedieth the pain of the bladder. ‘ hving drank in wine forty days together, doth wonderiully help the fciatica. 'I he leaves bruifed with wVfiJ'^ bud applied to any place bum on anv ^ ‘ of them fomented qualitv whi f canker, flayeth the corroding SilmreAt ^“erwards anointed with afv de ol the lame lujuor, hogs-greafe, nitre and 6o The Englifli Phyfician Enlarged. and vinegar boiled together. The roots may be preferveti, with lngar, and taken lalHng, or at other times, for the fame purpofes, a td for confumptions, the done, and the lalk. The feed is much commended to break the done,, and caufe it to be expelled by urine, and is often ufed \vith other feeds and things to that purpofe. Cabbages and Coleworts. 1 SHALI. fpare a labour in writing a defcription of: the^'e, fmce almod every one that can but write af all, may defcribe them from his own knowledge, they generally lo well known, that defcriptions are al^* together needlefs. Place.] They are generally planted in gardens. Time.] Their flower time is towards the middle or endl of July, and the feed is ripe in Augult. ' G) theie is fuch an antipathy or enmity between the V »'e Coleworts, that the one will die where the other groweth. M'he decoaion of Coleworts taketh away the STandach, and allayeth the fwellmgs of foresand ioutv legs and knees, wherein many grofs and "ate/y kuinours^are fallen, the place being bathed The Englifh Phyjician Enlarged. 6c warm. It helpeth alfo old and filthy fores, being bathed, therewith, and healeth all fmall fcabs, pulhes and wheals, that break out inthefkin; the allies of Colewort ftalks mixed with old hog’s greafe, are very efFefluaj. to anoint the fides of thofe that have had long pains theroin, or any other place pained with melancholy and windy humours. Tliis was furely Chryfippus’s God, and therefore he wrote a whole volume of them and their virtues, and that none of the lead neither, for he would be no fmall fool; he appropriates them to eveiy part of the body, and to cveiy difeafe in eveiy part ;■ and honell; old Cato (they fay 1 u'.ed no other phyfic. J know not what metal their bodies were made ol ; this I am fure. Cabbages are extreme windy, whether }'oti take them as meat or as medicine; yea, as windy meat as can be eaten, unlefsyou eat bag-pipes or bellows, and they are but feldom eaten m our days; and Colewort-flowers are lomethino' more tolerable, and the W'holefomer food of the two ; the moon challengeth the dominion of the herb. The Sea Coleworts. De/cr-pt.] rj^HIShath divers fomewhatlong and broad V * I I wrinkled leaves, fome- what crump.ed about the edges, and growing each up- on a thicK lootftalk, veiy brittle, of a greyilli green co~ lour from among which rifeth up a ftrong thk:k ftalk, ^ two feet high, an. better, with fome leav es thereon to u il’li ‘‘^rth much ; and on every branch (landeth alargebufh of pale whitifh flowers, con- ; the root is fomewhat greajt, ^ooteth forth many branches under ground, keeping the leaves green all the Winter. ^ ^ P/aee.] 'I hey grow in mauv places upon the fca-coafts ?• a K/fo,n,,,ro. L ah id L S; Colcheller in K/Tex, and divers other places, and in other counties ot this land. ^ .kim!rdo Teed about the time that other and d,sclfa ,n„ra i.owarljd^. ,L„ oiVLild" uh fe*4 62 Ihe Englifli Phy/tdan Enlarged. f<’C(l hereof bruifcd and drank killeth woni'.s; the leaves^ -or the juice of tliem applied to fores or ulcers, deanfetli and healeth them, and didblveth fwelUngs, and taketh. away inflammations. Calamint, or Mountain Mint. Dr/cript.'] np'HIS is a fmall herb, feldom rifmg above A foot high, with fquare hairy, and ^\■oody■i■ flalks, and two fmall hoary leaves fet at a joint, abouu the bignefs of marjoram, oriwt much bigger, a little :-, Spreading within the ground, and dieth not, but abidetf-; many years. Place.} It groweth on heaths, and uplands, and dr). grounds in many places o) this land. ' Time.} They flower in July, and their feed is ripe en Egyptian's medicine. It is i.rofitable fo‘" agues that come efther from *t>r all forts of Jrom an inflnnimationo^he the humours caufiiw them fhall h ’ il applied when » nothing .note p hi ab " to I I'ver and fpleen than it th eiv h' ‘‘^Sion of the Camomile taketh away ’wcnrincfs ‘ =\‘lecoaion of part of the body foevi ,1“;; to what the finews that are over-drained lorteth It moderately comforteth all parts thi? ’,*’’ vvarmth, drgedeth and diffdveth whair thereof, by a wonderful fpeedv^nronii^^^^''?' the pains of the colic and ftoim an7^n' eafeth all ments of the belly, and gcntiv’ ..i ^ '’i flower, boiled in pofe drink ^rhokjlfStC'S,,!!; to 64 The Englifh Phyjician Enlarged. to expel all colds, aches and pains whatfoeA cr, and is an excellent help to bring down womens courfes. Syrup ■ made ot the juice ol Camomile, with the flowers in white wine, is a reiiiedy againftthe jaundice and dropfy ; the. flowers boiled in lee, are good to wafli the heatipathy to Venus, who governs it, it ftrengthens the memorv, and cures deafnefs by antipa-^ thy to Saturn, who hath his fall in Aries, which rules the head. It cures quartan agues, and other difeafes of melancholy, and aclult choler, by fympathy to Saturn Mars being exalted in Capric'orn. Alfo it provokes urine, the llopping of which is ufually caufed by Mars or the Moon. Carrots. G Arden Carrots are fo well known, that they need- no defeription ; but becaufe they are of lei’s phy- fical life than the wild kind (as indeed ahnoll in all herbs the wild are mod effeftual in phyfic, as being more powerful in operations than the garden kind) I /hall therefore briefly deferibe the Wild Carrot. De/cript.) It groweth In a manner altogether like the tame, but that the leaves aadftalks are fomewhat whiter and rougher. The ftalks bear large tufts of white flowers, with a deep purple fpot in the middle, whicj> are contrafted together when the feed begins to ripen, that the middle part being hollow and low, and the outward ftalk riflnghigh, maketh the whole umbel Ihevy like a bird’s nell. The roots fmall, long and hard, and Unfit for meat, being fomewhat (harp and llrong. Plate,] '1 he wild kind groweth in divers parts of this land plentilully by the fieid-lides, and uniilled places. Time.] They flower and feed in the end , of Summer. Ijivirnment and Virtues,] Wild Carrots belong to Mer- cury^ and therefore break wind, and remove ititches iu the /ides, provoke urine and womens courfes, and li'-'lpeth to break and expel the (lone ; the feed alfo of the lame workctji the like effca, and is good for the dropfy, and tliofc wlufe bellies are fwollen with wind ; helpeth the colic, the (lone in the kidnies, and rifin->- ot the mother ; bein^ taken in wine, or boiled in wine, and taken, it helpeth conception. The leaves being applied with honey to running fores or ulcers, do cleanle tliein. 1 fuppofe the feeds of them, perform this better than t ie roots ; and though Galen coimnended garden Carrots ^ 4 highly 68 The Englifh Phyjician Enlarged. biLrnt^ft ^ wind, yet experience tcacheth tliey- b eedit fnft and we may thank nature for expelling it, ni?„ and fo mead what the root marreth. Carraway. I?e/fr//»/.TT beareth divers ftalks of fine cut leaves,. A upon the ground, fomewhat like to the (eaves of carrots, but not bulbing fo thick, of a little quick tafte in therii, from among which rifeth up afquare ftalk, not fo high as the carrot, at whofe joints are fet: the like leaves, but fmaller and fitter, and at the top' fmall open tufts, or umbels of w'hite flowers, which turni into fmall blackifli feed, fmaller than the Annifeed, andl of a quicker and better taftc. The root is whitilh, fmalll and long, fomewhat like unto a parfpip, but with more wrinkled bark, and much lefs, of a little hot and quick, tafte, and Itronger than the parfnip, and abideth after feed-time. Plact ] It is ufually fown with us in gardens. Time,\ They flower in June and July, and feed quickly after. Government and Virtues.'] This is alfo a Mercurial plant. Carraway feed hath a moderate (harp quality, whereby it breaketh wind, and provoketh urine, which alfo the herb doth. The root is better food than the parfnips ; it is pleafant and comfortable to the floinach, and helpeth digellion. The feed is conducing to all cold griefs of the head and ftomach, bowels, or mother, as iilfo the wind in them, and helpeth to fharpen the eye- fight. The powder of the feed put ihto a poultice, taketh away black and blue fpots of blows and brujfes. The herb itfclf, or with fome of the feed bruifed and fried, laid hot in a bag ordouble cloth to the lower parts of the belly, eafeth the pains of the wimi and colic. The roots of Carraways eaten as men eat parfnip.s, ftrengthen the llomach ot’ ancient people exceedingly, and they need not to make a whole meal of them nei- ther, and are fit to be planted in eveiy garden. Carraway confe^Is, once only dipped in fugar, and half a fpoonful of them eaten in the morning lafting, and as many after each meal, is a molt admirable re- medy for thofe that are troubled uith wind. Celandine. Tht Englifh PhyfLciars Enlarged'. 69 Celandine. Df/cripi.] '“I ' H I S bath divers tender, round, whitifli ^ green balks, with greater jofnts than or- dinary in other herbs, as it were knees, verv' brittle and eafy to break, from whence grow branches with large tender broad leaves, divided into many parts, each of them cut in on the edges, fet at the joint on both Tide's of the branches, of a dark bluifh green colour, on the up- per fide like columbines, and of a more pale bluifh. •-■reea underneath, full ofyellow lap, when any part is broken, of a bitter tafte, and fttong fcefit ; at the floweiu of four leaves a-piece. aftei- which come fmall long pods, with black! fh feed therein ; the root is fomewhat great at the- head, (hooting forth divers long roots and fm'all firings, mldifb on ih'eoiit-fide. and yellow withm, fidl ofvellow Tap therein. . ■’ Flacf.] They grow in many places hy old walls, hedges and way-lides. in untdled places, a.tid behtg once planled- in a garden, efpecmlly fome fhady places/il vv.itl remain, tnere. fhev flower all the Summer long, and the feed ripeneth m the mean time. J 'rf'is is an herb-of theSun, an-d’ umLr the celeflial Lion, aiul is. one of the bell cures for t^iat kitowany thing inaftrology, know- f ibjea to the luminaries ; let it then bo* gatheied u hen tiie Sun is m Leo, and th.c Moon, tn Aries ■ applying to thi..; time; let Leoarife, then may you mS it into an oil or ointment, which you pleafe,\o anoint' yoar fbre eyesvvith: I can [irove it doth bothbvmvowa experience, and the expermnee of thoCe to whenn 1 have- taught It, that mofl defperate fore eyes have been cured) by t!n.s only medicine; and then I pray, is northisTr b^etter than en. angering the eyes by the .art ofthc Slol For if t.ii-, doth not ablolutely take away the film it will o.,g> and often ufing it, heljis the dropfy and the itch 8uod life agamft the pellileiicc;.ihc.ili(iul„Lv!uer,®*iX a little. 70 I'he Englifh Phyjician Enlarged. a little fugar and a little good treacle mixed therewith (the party upon the taking being laid down to fweat a . little) hath the fame efteifl ; the juice dropped into the eyes, cleanfeth them tVom films and cldudinefs which darken the fight, but it Is bed; to allay the lharpnefs ol’ the juice \vith a little breall-milk. It is good in old filthy corroding creej^ing idcers wherefoever, to flay their malignity of fretting ajiil running, and to caufe them to heal more fpeedily; the juice often applied to tetters, ring worms, or other fpreading cankers, will quickly heal them, and rubbed often upon warts, will take them away ; the herb with the roots bruife 72 The Englifh Phyjidan Enlarged. Her§ s another fecret for my countrymen and women i a couple ot them together ; Pilewort made into an oil. ointment, or plaifter, readily cures both the piles, orh*-’ motihoids, and the king’s evil ; the very herb bornt; about one’s body next the fkin helps in fuch difeafes,- though it never touch the place grieved ; let poor peo- ple make much ot it for their, ufesj with this I cured mj^ own daughter of the king’s evil, .broke the fore, drevw out a quarter of a pint of corruption, cured without any. fear at all in one week’s time. The ordinary fmall Centaury. De/cript."] 'Tp HI S groweth up mo ft ufually but withi 1 one round and fomewhat crulled ftalk,, about a foot high or better, branching forth at the top into many fprig.s, and fome alfo from the joints of the. llalks below; the flowers thus ftand at the tops as if were ih one umbel or tuft, are of a pale red, tending to- carnation colour, confllring of five, fometimes fix fmall! leaves, very like thofe of St. .Fohn’s wort, opening them— felves in the day time and clofmg at night, after which i come feeds in little fhort hufks, iii form like unto wheat: corn; the leaves are fmall and fomewhat round ; the root fmall and hard, perifliing every year’; the whole - plant is of an exceeding bitter talte. There is another fort in all things like the former, fave only it beareth white flowers. Place.] They grow ordinary in fields, paftnres and. woods, Irut that with the white flowers not fo frequent- ly as the other. Time.] They flower in July or thereabouts, and feed within a month after. Government and Tiitues.] 7’hey are under t’ e dominion of the Sun, as appears in that their flowers open and Ihut as the Sun either Iheweth or hideth his face; this herb, boiled and drank, *purgeth choleric and grofs humours, and helpeth the fciatica ; it openeth obflrudlions ot the li- ver, gall, and fplecn, helpeth the jaundice, and eafeth the pains in the fides, and hardnefs of the fpleen, ufed outwardly, and is given with very good effeft in agues. It helpeth thofe that have the dropfy, or the green fick- nefs, being much ufed by the Italians in powmer for that purpofe; it kflleth the worms in Uie belly, as is found by experience; the decoftioii thereof, viz. the tops of the , ftalks. fhe Englifli Phyfician Enlarged. 73 fta.lks,\vitli the leaves and flowers, is good ngainft the co- lic, and to bring down womens couries, helpeth to void the dead birth, andealeth pains of the mother, and is ve- ry efFedual in old pains ofthe joints, as the gout, cramps, or convulfions. A dram ofthe powder thereof taken in wine, is a wonderful good help agalnll the biting and poifon of an adder ; the juice of the herb with alittle ho- ney put to it, is good to clear the eyes from dimnefs, mills and clouds that oiFend or hinder fight. It is fingtt- lar good both for green and frefli wounds, as alfo for old ulcers and fores, to clofe up the one, and cleanfethe other, and perfeftly to cure them both, although they are hollow or fillulous ; the green herb efpecially being bruifed and laid thereto; the decodUon therefore dropi)ed into the ears, clean 'eth them from worms, cleanfeth the foul ulcers and fpreading fcahs ofthe head, andtaketh away all frec- kles, fpots, and marks in the flein, being waflied with it, the herb is lb fal’e yon cannot fail in the ufing of it, only giving It inwardly for. inward difeafes ; ’tis very whole- fome, but not very toothfome. There is, beltdes thefe, another fmall Centaury, which beareth a yellow flower; in all other refpeCls it is like the former, fave that t!ie leaves arc bigger, and of a dark- er green, and the (talk j alfeth through the midfl of them as it doth the herb Thorowau. They are all of them, as I toldy>)u, umlcr the government of the Sun ; yet this, if you obferve it, you (hall find an excellent truth ; in difeaft*s ofthe blood, ufe the red Centaury ; ifofcholer, ufe the' yellow ; but if phlegm or water, you will find the white bell. The Cherry-Tree. ISuppofe there are few but krtnw this tree, foj its fruit’s fake ; and therefore I (hall fpare writing a de- feription thereof. Place.] For the place of its growth, it is afforded room in every orchard. Government and Firtuet.] It is a treeof Venus. Cherr’es, as they are of different taftes, fo they are of different qua- lities ; the fweet pafs through the Itomachand the belly more fpeedily, but are oflittle nourilhmcnt ; the tart or four are more pleafing to an h- cafion. foul *fhe En^lifii Phyjidan Enlarged; 75 foul urine ; the diftilled water of the fruit, or the leaves together with them, or the berries, green or dry, dillilr led with a little milk and drank morning and evening' with a little fngar, is efFedual to all the purpofes before^ fpecified, and efpecially againft the heat and (harpnefs of the urine. I (hall mention oireway, amongdl many others, which might be ufed firr ordering the berries, to be help- ful for the urine and Hone ; which is this ; take three or four good handfuls of the berries, either gieen or fre(h, or dried, and having bruifed them, put them in fomany gallons of beer or ale when it is new and tunned up; this drink, taken daily, hath been found to do much good to litany, both to eafe the pains, and expel urine, and the itone, and to caufe the ilone not to engender ; the decodion of the^berries imwine and water is themoft ufual way, but the powder of them taken in drink is more effeftual. Chervil. IT is called Cerefolium, Mirrhis, and Mirrha, Chervil, Sweet Cihervil, and Sweet Cicely. Defcrift.'] 'I'he garden Chervil doth at firft fomewhat reCemble Parfley, liut after it is better grown, the leaves .are much cut in and jagged, rel’embling hemlock, be- iiig a little hairy andof a whitifli green colour, fometimes turning reddifh in theSummer,\s irh the llalks alfo; it rifeth a little above half a foot high, bearing white flowers in fpiketl tufts, which turn into long and round feeds, pointed at the ends, and blackifh w hen they are ripe ; of a fweet tafle, but no fmell, though the herb itfelf fmelleth reafonably well. 'I'he root is fmall and lon^-, and pcrifhe.th every ybar, and muit be fow'n a-new m Spring for feed, find after july for Autumn fallet. 'Fhe wild Chervil grow'Cth two or three feet high, with yellow ftalks and joints, fet with broader and more hairy leaves, divided into fundry parts, nicked about the edges, and of a dark green colour, which likewife grow reddifh with the ftalks"', at the tops. whereof Hand Imall while tufts of flowers, afterwards finaller and longer feed. 'I'he root is white, hard, and endureth long, 'fhis hath little or no feent. ti ce.] 'I’he firH is fown in gardens for a falad herb; the fccond groweth wild in many of the meadows of this land, and by the hedge fides, and on heaths. Time.] They flower and feed^early, and thereupon are fown again in the end of Summer. Govern- 76 The Engli/h Phyjicim Enlarged. Government a. d The sarden Chervil boinr. eaten, doth moderately warm the rtomach, and is a ce"-- to di/Tolve concealed or Clotted blood ,n the body, or that which i. clottrd by buufes, falls, &c. 1 he juice or diflilled water thereof jeing drank, and the bruited leaves laid to the iilace,.. bemo- taken either m meat or drink, it is good to heli> to provoke urine, or expel the Itone in tbchidnies, to lend down womens courfes, and to help the pleurifv and pricking of the fides. • ^ The wild ('hervil bruifed and applied, difTolvetlv lu e lings in any part, or the marks of congealed blood by bruiles or blotvs, in a little I'pace. Sweet Chervil, or Sweet Cicely. groweth very like the great hemlock; , , haying large fpread leaves cut into divers parts, but ot a Ircflier green colour than the hemlock tailing as fweet as the annifeed. The flalks rife up a yard high, or better, being crefled or hallow, havin'^ leaves^at the joints, but lefler; and at the to-ps of the blanched llalks, umbels or tufts ol white flowers ; a'ter which comes large and long crefted black (hining fed pointed at both ends, tailing quick, yet fweet and plea^ fant. 1 he root is great and white, growing deep in. the ground, andfpreading fundry long branches therein, in ta'le and fmell llronger than the leaves or feeds, and continuing many years. Place.~\ I his groweth in gardens. Government and Firtues.] I hefc arc all three of them of the nature of .Jupiter, and uiulcr his dominion, 'i'his. whole plant, befidcs its jilcafantuefs in fallets, hath its phyfical virtue. The root boiled, and eaten with oil and vinegar, (or without oil) does much pleafe and warm old and cold floinachs opprclTod with wind or phlegm, or thofe that have the phthifick or coiifumption of the lungs. The fame drank v\ ith wine is a prefervation from the jilaguc. It provoketh womens courfes, and e\- pelleth the after-birth, procureth an appetite to meat, and expclleth wind, i he juice is good ti> heal the ulcers of the head and lace ; the candied roots here jf are held as efiedlual as Angelica, to pielerve from infection in the time of a plague, and to warm and comfort a cold weak iloiiiach. It Is fo hanulefs you cannot ufe it amifs. Cbeliiut 77 7hc EngHIh Phyjician Enlarged. Chefnut Tree. IT were as needlofs to defcribe a tree fo commonly known, as to tell a man he had gotten a mouth ; there- fore take the government and virtues ol them thus The tree is abundantly under the dominion ot J upiter, and therefore the fruit mull needs breed good blood, and yield commendable nourifhment to the body ; yet, if eaten over-much, they make the blood thick, procure head-ach, and bind the body ; the inner (kin, that co- vereth the nut, is of fo binding a quality, that a fcruple ef it being taken by a man, or ten grains by a child, foon hops any flux whatfoever : The whole nut being dried and beaten into powder, and a dram taken at a time, is a good remedy to flop the terms in women. If you dry Chefnuts, (only the kernels I mean) both the barks being taken away, beat them into powder, and make the powder up into an eleSuary with honey, fo have you an admirable remedy for the cough and Ipitting of blood. HEY are called Earth Nuts, Earth Chesnuts, Ground Nuts, Cipper Nuts, and in Suflex Pig Nutt, A dcfcription of them were ncedlefs, for every child knows them. Gcvernm nt and Vir;ues.'\ They are fomething hot and dry in quality, under the dominion of Venus, they pro- voke lull exceedingly, and ftir up thofe fports fhe is miflrefs of ; the feed is excellent good to provoke urine; and fo alfo is the root, but it doth not perform it fo for- cibly as the feed doth. The root lieing dried and beaten into a powder, and the powder made into an eleftuary, is as fingular a remedy for fpitting and pilling of blood, as the former Chefnut was for coughs. IT is fo generally known to mod people, that I (hall not trouble you with the dcfcription thereof, not myfell with fcuing forth the fevcral kinds, fmce but only tw'o or three arc confiderable for their ufefulnefs. Plate.'^ J hey are ufually louiul in nioill and w'atery places, by wood fules, and elfcwhcre. T,me.} They flower about dune, and their feed is ripe in July, Earth Chefnuts. Chickwced. Ge'vern'^ 7 8 The Englifh Thyftcian Enlarged. cneciiiai as luiflain to all the purpofes wherenntn U ferveth, except for meat only. Thrherb brS^- he juice applied (with cloaths or fpunges dipped there- it rre*fh*^ liver, and as they dn^ to have t frefh applied, doth wonderlully temperate the heat of the liver, and is effeaual for^all impofthu^^^^^^^^ ^rufhes ^ face, wheals, L-i 1 ’ -^k l limply ufed, or boiled with hog s greafe and applied, helpeth craim s conyilfions, and pally Thejui^e, ol- dialled wa£: . of much good ufe for all heats and rednefs in the ears, to eafe pains in them ; and is of good efteft to eafe Dde? fn r ll’^ipnefs of the blood in the piles, and generally all jiains in the body that arife of heat. It IS uled alloan hot and virulent ulcers and fores or pam of men and women, or on the legs, ordfevvhere. I he leaves boiled with marlh-mallows, poultice with fenugreek and linfeed, applied to fellings and impofthumes, ripen and break them, or aflaiage the fwellings and eafe the pains. It helpeth the finews when they are fhrunk by cramps, or' j-c..srwife, and to extend and make them pliable again, by this medicine. Boil a handful of Chickweed, and a handful of red ro .deleaves dried in a quart ofmafcadine, until a fourth part be confumed ; then put to them a pmt cf Cl! of trotter’s or (heep’s feet ; let them boil a good whilep ilill llirring them well ; which being llrained, anoint the grieved place therewith, warm againft the fire, rubbing it well with one hand j and bind alfo fome of the herb (if you will) to the place, and, with God’s blefling, it will help it in three times dreHim-- Chick-Peafe, or Cieers. De/cript.f~ \ 'HE garden fort-s, whether red, black, or A white, bring forth llalks a yard long, whereon do grow many liuall and round leaves, dented about the edges, fet on both lides of a middle rib : y\t tlie joints come forth one or two flowers, upon fliarp foot llalk;;, iieafe-fartiicm, either white or whitiili, or purplifh red, lighter or deeper, according as the peafe that follow will be, that are contained in fmall, thick, and The Englifii Phyfician Enlarged. 79 and fhort pods, Avherein lie one or two peafe, more iifually pointed at the lower end, and almoft round at the hi. ad, yet a little cornei'ed or fljarp ; the root is fmall, and perilheth yearly. Place andTime.l They are fown in gardens, or fields, as peale, being Town later than peafe, and gathered at the fame time with them, or prefently after. Givernment and Virtues. They are both under the.,dT- minion of Venus. They are lefs windy than be^ns, but nourilheth more ; they provoke urine, and tft'e thought to incrcafe fpcrm ; they have a cl anfing fa- chlty, whereby they break the ftone in the kidnies. To me ttcyr the ground, aiul foine by couples upon Aalks. I he flowers grow at certain dillances, with two finall leaves at the joints under them, fomewhat like unto flowers of fage, but fmaller, and of a whitidi blue colour. The feed is brownifli, and fomewhat flat, or not fo round as the wild. The roots are blackifli, and fpread not far, and perifh after the feed time. It is ufually fown, for it feldoin rifes of its own fowing. flace.'\ This groweth in gardens. Time.'] It flowereth in June and Jidy, fome a little later tlian others, and their feed is ripe in Aug nil, or thereabouts. Go’vertf' S2 7he EngHfli Phyjician Enlarged. Virtues.'] It is under the dominion of Uie Moon. The feed put into the eyes clears them rom motes and fuch like things gotten -within the lids o ottend them, ns alfo clears tfrem from white and red Ipote on them. The mucilage of the feed made with tvater and applied to tumours, or fwellings, difperfeth ’ and taketh them awa)- ; as alfo draweth forth fplinters, thorns, or other things gotten into the fiefh. 'I’he leaves u.ed with vinegar, either by itfelf, or with a little ho- nev , doth help boils, felons, and the hot inflammations that are ga.hered by their pains, if applied before it be grown too great. 1 he powder of the dried root put ttofe, proYoketh Ineezing, and thereby purgeth the head and brain of much rheum and corruption. The - feed or leaves taken in wine, provoketh to venery. It ^ ot much life both for men and women that have weak backs, and helpeth to flrengthen the reins ; ufed either by itfelf, or''\^ ith other herbs, conducing to the fame ■ elfeft, and in tanfies often. 'I'he frefh leaves dipped in 4 batter of flour, eggs, and a little milk, aiul fried in butter, and ferved to the table, is not unpleafant to uny, but exceeding profitable for thofe that are troubled with weak backs, and the efiedls thereof. The juice of the herb put into ale or beer, and drank, bringeth down ■womens courfes, and expelleth the after-birth. It is an ufual courfewith many men, when they have gotten the running of the reins, or women the whites, they run to the bufh of Clary : Maid, bring hither the frying-pah, fetch me fonie butter quickly, then for eat- ing fried Clary, juA as" hogs eat acorns; and this they think will cure their difeafe (forfooth) ; whereas, when they have devoured as much Clary as will grow upon an acre of ground, their backs are as much the better, as though tliey hud pilled in their Ihoes ; nay, perhaps, much worfe. We will grant that Clary ftrengthens the back ; but this we deny, that the caufe of the running of the reins in men, or the whites in women, lies in the back (though the back fometimes be weakened by them); and there- tbre the medicine is as proper, as for me when my toe is fore, to lay a plailler on my nofe. Wild Clary. WILD Clary is moll: blafphemoufly 'plied Chrift’s Eye, becauie it cures dileafes of the eyes. I could ' Yfie Englifh Phyfician Enlarged. 83 rbuUl wiih from my foul blafphemy, ignorance, and tyrnnny were ceafed among phyficians, that they may be happy, ani 1 joyful. Df/cript-l It is like the other Clary, but le/Ter, with many ftalks about a foot and a half high. The ftalks are fquarc, and fomewhat hairy ; the flowers of a bluflr colour : He that knows the common Clary cannot be Ignorant of this. Place.^ It grows commonly in this nation in barren places ; you may find it plentifully, if you look in the fields hear Gray’s-Inn, and the fields near Chelfea. Time.'] They flower from the beginning of June till the latter end of AugulK Gwernment and Virtues.] It is fomething hotter and drier than the garden Clary is, yet neverthelefs under the dominion of the Moon, as well as that : The feeds of it being beaten to powder, and drank with wine, is an ad- mirable help to provoke lull. A deco6lion of the leaves being drank, warm the ilomach, and it is a wonder if it Ihould not, the llomach being under Cancer, the houfe of the Moon. Alfo it helps digellion, fcatters congealed blood in any part of the' body. The dillilled water hereof cleanfeth the eyes of rednefs, wateriftine^s ami heat : It is a gallant remedy for dimnefs of fight, to take one of the feeds of it and put into the eyes, and there let it remain till it drops out of itfelf, the pain will be no- thing to Ipeakon ; it will cleanfe the eyes of all filthy and putrified matter ; and in often repeating it, will take oft' a film which covereth the fight ; ahandfomer, fafer, and ea- fier remedy by a great deal, than to tear it off with a needle. Cleavers. I T is alfo called Aparine, Goofe-lhare, Goofe-grafs, and Cleavers. De/cript.] 'I'he common Cleavers have divers very rough fipiare ftalks, not fo big as the top of a point, but rifing up to be two or three yard's high foftietimes, if it meet with any tall bufhes or trees, whereon it may climb, yet without any clafpers, or elfe much lower, and lying on the ground, full of joints, and at every one of thern Ihooteth forth a branch, befides the leaves thereat, which are ufually fi.\, let in a round compafs like a liar, or a rowel of a fpur : From between the le.aves or the joints towards the tops of the branches, come forth very fmail white flowers, at every end upon fnwll 84 'The Englifh Phyjician Enlarged. fmall thready foot-ftalks, whidi after they liave fallen, there do fhew two fmall round and rough feeds joined togethei like two telHcles, which, when they are ripe, grow hard and whitilh, having a little' hole on the fide, fomething like unto a navel. Roth llalks, leaves, and fceils are fo rough, that they will cleave to any thing that fliall touch them. The root is fmail and thready, fpreadmg nuich to the ground, hut dieth eveiy year. Place.~\ It growolh by the hedge and ditch-lides in many places ot this land, and is fo troublefome an in- habitant in gardens, that it rampeth upon, and is ready to choak whatever grows near it. _ Time-I It flowereth in June or July, and the feed is ripe and falleth again in the end of July or Auguft, from whence it Ipringeth up again, and not Irom the old roots. Gi^'crnmtnt and Virtues."] It is under the dominion of the Moon. The juice of the herb and the feed together taken in wine, helpeth thofe bitten with an adder, by preferving the heart from the venom. It is familiarly taken in broth, to keep them lean and lank that are apt to grow fat. The diflilled ^^■ater drank twice a day, helpeth the yellow jaundice ; and the decoction of the herb, in experience, is found to do the fame, and ftayeth lafks and bloody-fluxcs. The juice of the leaves, or they a little bruifed and applied to any bleeding wounds, fla3'eth the bleeding. 'I'he juice alio is very good to clofe up the lips of green wounds, and the powder of the dried herb llrevved thereupon doth the lame, and likewife helpeth old ulcers. Being boiled in hog’s grcafe, it helpeth all forts of hard fwellings or ke, nels in the throat, being anointed therewith. The juice dropped into the ears, taketh away the pain of them. It is a good remedy in the Spring, eaten (being firit chopped linall, and boiled well) in water-gruel, to cleanfe the blood, and llrengthen the liver, thereby to keep the body in health, and fitting it for that c ange of feafon that is coming. Clown’s Woodwort. De/cript.] 1 T groweth up fometimes to two or three A feet high, but ufually about tw'o feet, with fquare, green, rough llalks, but flender, joined fome- what far afunder, and two very long, fomewhat nar- row dark green leaves bluntly dented about the edges thereof, ending in a long point. The flow'ers Hand towards T1i£ Englifli Phytician Enlarged, towards the tops, compaffing the llalks at the joints with the leaves, ami end rikewite in a fpiked top, havino; lonfT and muoh ^apinphoods ofa purplifli red coloni^ with whitifti lj>otsin them, handing in fomewhat round hulks, wherein afterwards (land hiackilh round feeds 1 he root is couipofed of many long firings, with fome tuberous long knobs growing among them, of a pale ycllowi(h or whitifli colour; yet fome times of the year thefe knobby roots in many places are not feen in this plant. The plant fmelleth fomewhat (trong FUe,] Itgrowcth in fun dry counties of this land both north mul we(l,and Iretpiently by path-fidesin the’fiehk near about l.ondon, and within three or four mil^c d.llant about it ; j et it uCually grows in ornear ditch^ Ttmy] It flowereth in June or July, and the feed k npe loon after. ^ a, J Fima ] It is under the dominion of <1,c planet Saturn 1. ,s angularly effea„al in a" fre^^ and green wounds, and therefore bcareth not thi name ftw nought And It ,s very available in blood and to , Iry up tile Huttes of humours in old Fret tmg ulcers, cankers, »te. that hinder the healin" olthem' A f\ run ot the luice of it 5< iriC» * ^ cm* inward wounds, ruptures of veins, bloX broken, Ipm.ng, pifGng, or vonutting blood Rum, f ^ are excdlemh and fpeedilv evm, trn. oU • ‘ by taking now and then a little of plving an ointment or plaider of this h^rh Affo, if any vein be fwdlJd or mX. ? of this herb to it, and if you add a little ^ plaifter will no, do atuifs. 1 aflitre ,Le ,h. h^b 7r“ comincmlatious, thoutrh it has ot-ferv^s uamet and whofoever r.ut.Is I'his^IinFe Cock's Head, Red Filching, or Mcdick Fetch »r/rr,g,. jams hath .livers weak but rough H-dts h ; with winged leVveslIrtr b,u’?« of lintels' and whitinl'llrucfth f’"' thefe ftalks arifc up other /lender llalks nake f leaves unto the tops, where ther^ ^ without flowers manner of a f, tike, of a paFeTJij'iKo;;';; with 86 The Englifh Phyfidm Enlarged. with fome bhmefs nmong them ; after which rife up .in •their places, round, rough, and fomew hat flat heads. The root is tough, and feme what woody, yet liveth and (hooteth a-new every' year. Place. ~\ It groweth under hedges, and fometimes in th^pen fields in divers places of this land. They flower all the months of .July and Augufl, and the feed ripeneth in the mean while. Government and Virtues.] It is under the dominion of Venus. It hath power to rarity and digeft ; and there- fore the green leaves bruifed and laid as a plailler, difperfe knots, nodes, or kernels in the fleth ; and if when dry it be taken in wine, it helpeth the ftrangury ; and being anointed with oil, it provoketh Iweat. It is a Angular tood for cattle, to caufe them to give ftore of milk ; and why then may it not do the like, being boiled in ordinary drink, for nurfesr Columbines These are fo well known, growing almoft in every garden, that I think I mhy lave expence of time in •writing a deferiptiott of them. They flower in May, and abide not, for the moft part, when June is pa'll, perfefting their feed io "tllO lTlG3.n tllTlt?* Government and FirtiTef.] It is alfo an .herb of Venus. The leaves of Columbines are commonly ufed in lo- tions vvith good fuccefs for fore mouthr, and throats. Tragus faith, that a dram of the feed taken in wine with a little fafFron, openeth obllrudlicns of the liver, and is good for the yellow jaundice, il the party alter the taking thereof be laid to fweat well m bed. 1 he feed alfo taken in wine, caufeth a fpeedy delivery ot women in child-birth; if one draught fuifice^not, let' her drink the fecond, and it is pftetlual : I he Siuaniards: ufed to eat a piece of the root thereot in a morning ail- ing many days together, to help them when troubled i /ah the Hone in the reins or kidnies. Colt's Foot. wi Called alfo Coughwort, Foal’s-foot, Horfe-hoof,, and Bull’s-foot. • , r m De/cript.] This Qiooteth up a flemler ftalk with fmalf vellowilh flowers fomewhat e-ar.ier, which tall aw-ay- fiuickly, and after tl.ey are pall, come up Englifh Phyfician Enlarged. 87 round leaves, fometiines dented about the edges, much leiler, thicker, anyy %vitl,roii,e v»u„d. black ^ * and §8 The EngliOi Phyfici-an Enlarged. and eafy to break, and lull of glutinous . clammy juice, of little or no talk* at all. 'I’here is anotjier fort in all things like this, only fome- what lefs, and beareth flowers of a j)ale jnirpic colour. Phce'.^ They grow by ditches and water-fidcs, and in divers fields that are inoi(i„ for therein the}' chiefly deligbt to grow. 'J'he firfl: generally through all the land, and the other but in f<)me places. By the lea\e of mv authors, I know the firfl grows often in dry places. T'/wr.] They flower in June' or .Jul} , and give their feed in Auguft. . . _ Gomernmeni and I'his is an herb of Saturn, and 1 fuppofe under the fign Capricorn, cold, dr\ , and earthly in rjualitv. hat was fpoken ot Clown’s Woundwort, may befaid of this. 'I’he Great Comfrey ^clpcth thofe that fpit blood, or make a bloo .y urine. T1 e jX)ot boiled in water or wine, and the Jecod'tion drank, h Ip-S all inward hurt's, bruifes, wcnnids, and ulcers of the lungs, ami caufeth the phlegm that op- prelfoth them to. be ealily fpit forth. It helpeth the de- flui'ticn of rheum from the head upon the lungs', tlie fluNCS of blood or humours by the belly, ^yomen’s im- nu, derate courfes, as well the reds as the whites, and the running of the reins, happ-ening by what can e foe\ er. A lyrup made thereof is very etlctUial tor all thole in- ward griefs and hurts, and the dillilled water lor the fame i urpol'e alfo, and- lor outward wounds and loi>.*s 'in the tteiny or finewy part of' the body whatfoever, as alfo to take away the fits of agues, and to allay the lharpnc sofhumours. A decodlion ot the leaves herco is available to all the purpofes, tliough not fo effedtual as the root!). 1 he roots I cing outwardly applied, help frefh wounds or cuts iiiiinediately, being bruilei and aid thereto; and k I'liecial good lor ruptures and h‘V, " bones - yea, it is .laid to be fo powerful to conlolidate and kidAogeaiciythat if they h - lioiled with dillevered pieces of .flelh in a pot, it w ill join them togethei again. U is good to be applied to women s brealis that grow lore ov the abundance of milk coming into them ; alio, o re. ?efs the overmuch bleeding of He luunorrlioiH to cool the inflammation ot the ^ u give eafe of pains. 1 he roots ot Comirey take iVem, beaten fmall, and fpread upon ‘‘'G ‘ uixin any place troubled with t)ie gout, doth The Englifli Phjftcian Enlarged, S9 trivt eafe ofihe pains ; and applifd in the fame manner, jtivcth eafe to |)aiiu‘d joiius. and profiteth very niucli ti-r rnnning and m-nll nl'.;ers, yan.lirenes, mortifications, amt the like, for which it hath hy often c*\.perience. been found helpl'ul. Coralwort.' I ris alfo called h) fome 'l'ot)tluvort, Tooth Violet, Hoc, Teeth \d(ih't, anil Dentaria. Dffcript.'\ Of the manv- forts of this herb, two of them may be iitu.id >>rowing in this nation ; the firft ot which Ihwoteth forth one. or two winged leaves, upon long hrownilh footltalks, which are doubled down at thei-r firit coming out- of .the ground; When they are fully openeil, tliey.confill of feven leaves, molt commonly of a ludgre,k;n colour, dented about the edges, fet on both- the middle rib one agfunll another, as the leaves ol the a(h-trce ; the flalk. beareth no leaves on the lower lialfof it; the upper half beareth fometimes three ojr_ fdur, each confiAing of five leaves, fometimes ot three ; on the top Hand four or -flowers upon: fhort fout-ltaiks, with long hulks; theflowdrs are very like the flowers of ’ftock-gillifiowers, of a pale purplilh colour, confilting ot four leaves a-piece, after which come linall cods, which contain the feed ; the root is very fmooth, white, and Ihining ; it doth not grow downwards, but creeping along under the upper cruH of the ground, and conlifteth of divers fmall round knolls fet together; towards the. top of the ftalk there - grovys fome Angle leaves, by each of which cometh a Imall cloven bulb, which when it is ripe, if it be fet in' the ground, it will grow to be a root. As lor the other Coralwort which groweth in this na- tion, it is more fcarce than this, being a very fmall ])lant, much like crowloot ; theretbre fome thins it to be one ot the forts ot crowfoot : 1 know not where to direttyou to it, thereiorc 1 lhall forbear the defeription. Piace.'^ I he firll groweth in Mayfield in Suflex, in a wooil called Mighrcad, and in another wood there alfo, called foxholes. I’hcy flower from the latter cud of April to the middle ol May, a id bclorc the middle of July thev. are gone, ami not to be found, P,rtucs.\ It is under the dominion of the Moon, it cle.mleth the bladder, and provokeih 3 urine. 0'^ 7he Englifii Phyfidan Enlarged. lungs, by takmg a dram of the powder of thT mo rZlTT-SZ^r SoZZ is eSin? }!Vc Ointtnetu mlde of it !f, wounds and ulcers, for it foon diives up the watery humours which hinder the cure. Coftraary, or Alcoft, or Balfam Herb. 'T^HIS is fo frpquently known to be an inhabitant in -■ almoll every garden, that I fuppofe itneedlefs to write a defcription thereof. Time.] It flowereth in June and July. G(njernment and Virtuet.] It is under the dominion of Jupiter. The ordinary Coftmary, as well as Maudlin, provoketh urine abundantly, and moilleneth the hard- uefs of the mother ; it gently purgeth cholerand phlegm, extenuating that which is grofs, and cutting that which is tough and glutinous, cieanfeth that which is foul, and hindereth putrefaftion and corruption ; it dif- folveth without attrafliou, openeth obltruaions, and helpeth their evil effefts, and it is a wonderful help to all forts of dry agues. It is alhingent to the llomach, and ftrengtheneth the liver, and all the other inward ^rts; and taken in whey, worketh more effeitually. Taken fading in the morning, it is very profitable lor pains in the head that are continual ; and to Hay, dry, up, and confume all thin rheums or diftillations from the head into the Itomach, and helpeth much to digeft raw humours that are gathered therein. It is very profitab'e for thofe that are lallen into a continual evil dilpofi- tion of the body, called Cachexia, but efpecially in tlie beginning of the difeale. It is an el'pecial friend and help to evil, weak and cold livers. 1 he feed is' fami- liarly given to children for the worms, and fo is the Infulion of flowers in white wine gi.eii them to the quantity of two ounces at a time; It inaketh an ex- cellent lal\ e to cleanfe and heal oUl uLccrs, being boiled with oil of olive, anti atider’s longue with it; aiul a.ter it is llrained, put a little wax, roun, auti turpeiuine, to bring it to a convenient body. Cudweed, or Cotton weed. Besides C'udwcctland Couonweed, it is alfo called Chaflweed, l:^v\arff C'otfon, and Petty C^otton. Uejcrtft.] Ihe EngHfh Phyjician Enlarged. gi Dffcript.'\ The common Cudweed rifeth up with one (Talk fonietiroes, and fometimes with two or three, thick fet on all Tides with fmall, long an 1 narraw whitUh and woody leaves, from tke midd'eot the ftalkalmoft up to the top ; with everyleaf (fandeth a 'maU flower pf a dun or brownifli yellow colour, or n itfo yellow as others ; in which herns, after the flowers are fallen, come Imall feed wrapped up, with the down therein, and is carried away with the wind ; the root is fmall and thready. There are other forts hereof, which are fomowhat lefler than the former, not much different, lave only that the ftalks and leaves are (horter, lb the flowers are paler and more open, place.'] I'hey grow in dry, barren, Tandy, and gra- velly grounds in moll places of this land. Time.] They flower about July, fome earlier, fome later, and their feed is ripe in Anguft. Go-vernment and Firtu't ] Venus is lady of it. The plants are all aftringent, binding, or drying, and there- fore profitable for defludlions of rheum from the head, and to flay fluxes of blood whe efover, the decodlion being made into red wine and drank, or the powder taken therein. It alfo hclpeth the bloody flux, and eafeth the torments that come thereby, ftayeth the im- moderate courfes of women, and is alfo good for in- ward or outward wounds, hurts or briiifes, and help- eth children both of buntings and worms, and being either drank or injedled, for the di eafe^calied Tenef- mu.', which is an often provocation to the llool with- out fluing any thing. The green leaves bruiled, and laid to any green wound, ftayeth the bleeding, and healeth it up quickly. The juice ofthe herb taken in wine and milk, ! •, as Pliny faith, a fovereign remedy againft the mumps and quilify ; and further faith, that whofoever fliall (o take it, inall never be troubled with that difeale again. Cowflips, or Peagles. BO FH the wild and garden Cowflips are fo well. known, that I will neither trouble mylelf nor the reader with a defeription of Uicm. Ttme.] They flower in April and May. Go'vernment and Piriuei.] Venus lays claim to this herb as her own, and it is under the fign Aries, and our city dames know well enough the ointment or diltllled wa- 1*' + ter 92 The Englifli Phyfman Enlarged. adds beauty, or at leaft reftores it when it is lott. J he aowers are held to be more efFeflual than the leaves, atrd the roots of little ufe. An ointment being made with them, taleth away fpotsand wrinkles of the fkin, fun-burning and freckles, and adds beautv exceedingly ; they remedy, all infirmities of the head coming of heat and wind, as vertigo, ephialtes falfe apparitions, phrenfies, falling ficknefs, palfies, convul- fions, cramps, pains in the nerves.; the roots eafe pains in the back and bladder, and opien the paifages of urine. The leaves are good in wounds, andTihe flowers take away trembling. If the flowers be not well dried, and- kept in a warm place, they will foon putrify and look green : Have a fpecial eye over them. If you let them’ iee the fun once a month, it will do neither the fun nor. them harm* Becaufe they llrengthen the brain and nerves, and renicdy palfies, the Greeks gave them the name Para- lyfis* The flowers preferved or 'eonferved, and the quantity of a nutmeg taken every morning, is a fuf- iicient dofe for inward difeafes ; but for wounds, fpots, wrinkles, and fun-burnings, an ointment is made of the leaves and hog’s greaie. ALI.ED alfo Water Sengreen, Knight’s Pond Wa-‘ ter. Water Houfeleek, Pond Weed, and Frelh- watcr Soldier. De/cript.\ It hath fundry long narrow leaves, with fliarp prickles on the edges of them alfo, \ery fliarp- pointed ; the llalks which bear flowers feldom grow fo high as the leaves, bearing a forked head like a crab’s claws, out of which comes a white flower, confilling of three leaves, with yellowifli hairy threads in the middle ; it taketh root in the mud in the bottom ol the water. Place."] Itgroweth plentifully in the fens ini .incolnfhire. Time.] It flowereth in June, and ufually from thence till Augull. Government and Firtues.] It is a plant under the domi- nion of Venus, and therefore a great flrengthener of the reins ; it is excellent good in that inflammation which is commonly called St. Anthony’s fire; it aU'uageth all inflammations and fwellings in wound,; and an oint- ment made of it, is excellent good to heal them ; there is iVarce a better remedy gro\Ning thaiiAhis is for luch Crab's Claws. ^hc Englifh Phyfician Enlarged. 93^ as have bruifotl their kulnies, and upon that acooLmt pilfiiig blood ; a dram of the powder of the herb taken every morning, is a very good remedy to flop the terms. Black Credes. De/cript.'\ TT hath long leaves, deeply cut and jagged X l)oth fidcs, not much unlike wild nuitlard ; the flalks fmall, very limber, though very toogh ; you may twill them round as you may a wil- l()w before they break. The Hones be very fmall atul vellow, after which comes fmall cods, which contain the feed. Place.'\ It is a copunou herb, grows ufually by the way-fides, and fometimes upon mud walls about Lbn- -s ; you may beat the feed into powder, if you pleafe, and make it up into an eledluary with honey ; fo you have' an excellent remedy by you, not only for the premifes, but alfo for the cough, yellow jaundice, and fciatica. 'f'he herb boiled into a poultice, is an excellent remedy . for inflammations, both in women’s breads' and men’s teHicles. Sciatica CrefTes. />/rn>/.]rjpllKSE are of two kinds ; the firH rifeth up JL with a round llalk.mbout two diet high, fpriNid into di\ ers branches, whole lo'wer leaves are lomewhat larger than the upper, yPt all of them cut or' torn 0)11 the 'edges, foibewhat like garden creffes, but fmaller ; the flowers are fmall and while, growing at- the tops of branches, where afterwards grow hulks, with fmall brownifh feed therein, very Hrong ami Ihari)' m tafle, more than the creffes of the garden ; the root Is whijt;, and woody. The other hath thfc lower leaves- whole, fomewhat ‘‘11. I^ut only foibewluic 1 1} -Icntcd about the edges torvards the ends j but 5 thofo 94 The Englifh Phy/ician Enlarged. tliofe that grow up higher are.leflpr. The flowers and feeds 5u e like the former, and fo is the root likewife, and both root and feeds as (harp as it. Place.l They grow by the way-fid« in untilled places, ami by thefideS of old walls. They flower in the end of June, and their feed is ripe in July. Government and Virtues.~\ It Is a Saturnine plant. The leaves, but efpecially tlie root, taken frefli in fnmmer- time, beaten or made into a poultice or falve with old hog’s greafe, and applied to the places pained with the fciatica, to continue thereon four hours, if it be on a man, and two hours on a woman; the place after- wards bathed with wine and oil mixed together, and then wrapped with wool or (kins after they have fweat a little, will afTuredly cure not only theTame difcafe in hips, huckle-bone, or other of the joints, as gout in the hands or feet, but all other old griefs of the head, (as inveterate rheums) and other parts of the body that are hard to be cured ; and if of the former griefs any parts renrtain, the fame medicine, after twenty days, is to be applied again. The fame is alfo efi^’edual in the difeafes of the fpken ; and applied to the fkin, it taketh away the blemiflies thereof, whether they be fears, leprofy, fcabs, or feurf, which, although it ulcerate the part, yet that is to be helped afterwards with a falve made ot oil and wax. Elleem this as another fecret. Water Creffes. De/cript.l ordinary Water Crefles fpread forth with many weak, hollow, fappy Ilalks, Ihooting out fibres at the joints, and upwards Ion winged leaves, made of fundry broad fapny ahnolt round leaves, of a brownilh colour. The flowers are many and white. Handing on long foot-ltalks, alter which come fmall yellow feed, contained in Imall long pods like horns. The whole plant abi^th green m the Winter, and tafteth fomewhat hot and lharp. Plaa.'X They grow (for the moft part) in Imall ftand- ing waters, yet fometimes in fmall rivulets of running 7une,\ They flower and feed in the beginning of ^T!^erittnent and Virtuet.^ It is an herb under the domi- nion of the Moon. They are more powerful The Englldi' PH\Jician' Enlarged. 95 frurvv, and to cleanfe the blood and humours, than BrookHme is, and ferve in ■ all the other ufes in which Bt'ocklinre is available, as to break the (lone, and provoke urine and womens cour'es. The decoftion thereof clean feth ulcers, by walhing them thefewith,. The leaves bruifed, or the juice, is good to be applied to the face, or other parts troubled-with freckles, pim- ples, fpots,.or the like, at ni«ht, and walhed away in the> morning. The juice mixed with vinegar, and the fore- part of- the head bathed therewith, is very good for thofethatare dull and drowfyjorhave the lethargy. Water-crefs pottage i.s a good remedy to cleanfe the. blood in the Spring, and help hs^d-achs, and confume the grofs humours Winter hath 1‘eft behind,; thole that would live in health, may ufe it if they pleafe, if they will not, I cannot help it. If any fancy not pottage,, they may eat the herb as a fallet. Crofswoct. /COMMON Crofswort groweth up with fpuare hairy brown (talks, a little’ above a f JOt high, having four fmall broad and pointed, hairy,, yet fmooth green leaves growing, at every joint, each againll other crafs-way, which has caufed the- name. '1‘ow'ards the tops of the (talks at the joints,. with the leaves in three or four rows downwards. Hand fmall,. j)ale, yellow flowers, after which c )ine fmall blackilh. round eeds, four forthemo.lt part, fet in every hulk. The root is very fmall arvd (ull of fibres, or. threads,, taking good hold ol the ground, and fpreading vvith the branches a great deal of ground, which perilh not in Winter, although the leaves die every year, and fpring again new. _ Place. \ It groweth in many pioid groimds, as well meadows as until led places about London, it\ Hamp- llead church-yard, at Wye in Kent, and fiuidry other places. 7V«#.] It flow'ers from May all the Summer long, in one place or other, as they are open to the fun ; the feed rii>eneth foon after. ^ Govtrnmtnt and Vtnuec.^^ It is under the dominion af Saturn. This is a (angular good wound heib, and is ufiid inwarihy, notonly toftay bleeding pf wounds, but to eth a decayed ap- petite. It is alfo good to wafli any wound or fore with, to cleanfe and heal it. The herb bruifed, and then boiled, applied outwardly for certain days together, re- newing it often ; and in the mean time the decoftion of the herb in wine, taken inwardly every day, cloth cer- tainly cure the rupture in anv, fo as it be not too in- veterate ; but very fpeedily , if it be frelh and lately taken. Crowfoot, Many are the names this furious biting herb hath obtained, almoil enough to make up a Welch- man’s pedigree, if he fetch no larther than .John of Gaunt, orW illiam the Conqueror; lor it is called h rogs- foot from the Greek name Banakion ; (howtoot, (.old Knpbs, Gold Cups, King’s Knob, Baffiners, Troil- flowers, Polts, Locket Goulions, and Butterflowers. Abundance are the forts of this herb, that to delcribe them all would tire the patience ot Socrates himklt ; but becaufe I have not yet attained to the fpirits ot Socrates, I Ihall but defcribe the moll ulual. Defcript.^ The moll common Crowfoot hath manj dark green leaves, cut into divers parts, in talle biting and lharp, biting and bliftering the tongue ; it beans many flowers, and thofe of a bright relplendent }e-. low colour ; I do not remember that I ever faw any thing yellower ; virgins in ancient time, uled to powder of them to lurrow bride-beds; alter flowers come fmall heads, tome fpiked and rugge i e a pine-apple. P/flf#.] They grow very common.every-where ; un- lefs you turn your head into a hedge, you cannot but fee them as you walk. , „■ ' Time.l They flower in May and June, even till aep-, and Virtun.] This fiery and hot-fpirited herb of Mars is noway fit to be given mwardly.but an oint- ment of the leaves or flowers will draw a blj^fter, and may be fo fitly applied to the nape of the neck to draw K rheum iVoin the eyes. The herb being bruifcd and mixed with a little muftard, draws a bUtter as welL The Englifli Phjician Enlarged. 97 and as perfeftly as Canthar’ules, and with fai' lufs danger to the veffeh of urine, which Cantharides naturally de- light to wrong : I know the herb once applied to a pc- itTlential rifnig that was fallen down, and it faved life even bevontl hope ; it were good to keep an ointment and plailter of it, if it were but tor that. Cuckow-point. II’ is called Atron, Janus, Barba-aron,._£'alve’s-foot, Rantii, Starchwort, Cuckow-pintle, Prietl’s-pintle, and ^^'ake Rolrin. Df/cript.'] This thooteth forth three, four, or fiveleaves at the nioli, from one root, every one whereof is fome- what large and long, broad at the bottrwn next the ftalk, and forked, but ending in a point, without a cut on the edge, of a full green colour, each Handing upon a thick n>uml llalk, of a hand-breatlr long, or more, among which, after two or three months that they begin to wither, ril’eth up a bare, round, whitilh green Halk, fpotted and ftreaked rvith purple, fomewhat higher than the leaves ; at the top whereof Handeth a lon^ hollow hulk, clofe at the bottom, but open from the middle up- wards, ending in a point; in the middle whereof Hand the fmall long pellle or clapper, fmallcr at the bottom than at the top, of a dark purple colour, as the hulk is on the infide, though green w'ithout, which, after it hath fo abided for foine.timc, the hulk with the clapper de- cayeth, and the foot of bottom thereof groweth to be a fmall long bunch of berries, green at the firft, and of a yidlowilh red colour when they are ripe, of the bignefs of a hazel-nut kernel, which abidetb thereon almoft until Winter ; the root is round and fomewhat long, for the moll part lying along, the leaves (hooting forth at the larged end, which, when it beareth his berries, are fomewhat wrinkled and loofe, another growing un- der it, which is foHd and firm, with many fmall threads hanging thereat, d'he whole plant is of a very (harp biting talle, pricking the tongue as nettles do the hands, and fo abideth for a great while without altcratior. The root thereof was anciently ufed inftead of ftarch to ftarch linen with. There is another fort of Cuckow-point, with lelTer leaves than the former, and fometimes harder, having blackilh fpots upon them, which for the moll part abid# longer 9? The Englifh Phyjician Enlarged. loiger pfi3en in Summer than the former, and both l iaves- and ropts are more (harp and fierce than it : in all things elfe it is like the former. Plate.] Thefe two forts grow frequently alinoft under every hedge fide in many places in this land. Time.] They (hoot forth leaves in the Spring, and continue but until the middle of Summer, or fomevvhat later ; their hulks appearing before they fall away, and their fruit (hewing in April. Government and Firtaei.] It is under the dominion of Mars. Tragus reporteth, that a dram weight, or more, if need be, of the fpotted Wake Robin, either frefh and green, or dried, being beaten and taken, is a prefent and fure remedy for poifon and the plague. The juice of the herb taken to the quantity of a fpoonful hath the fame effeft. But if there be a little vinegar added theieto, as well as to the root aforefaid, it fomevvhat allaveth the /harp biting tafte thereof itpon the tongue. 1 he green leav^es bruifed, and laid upon the boil or plague lore, doth wonderfully help to draw forth the poifon. A dram of the powder of the dried root taken with twice fo much fugar in the form of a Ticking eletluary, or the green root, doth wonderfully help th.o.e that are puily’’ and (hort-winded, as alfo thofe that have a cough ; it breaketh, digefteth, and riddeth away phlegm from the ftomach, cheft, and lungs. The milk wherein the root hath been boiled is effeflual alfo for the lame purpofe. The faid powder taken in wine or other vlrink, or the juice of the berries, or the powder of thent, or the wine wherein they have beeiv boiled, provoketh bringeth down womens courfes, and purgeth them el- fedually after child-bearing, to bring away the after- birth. Taken with (beep’s milk it healeth the inward ulcers of the bowels. The diftilled water thereof is effeaual to all thepurpofes aforefaid. A fpoonful taken Jit a time healeth the itch ; a nd an ounce or more taken Jit a time for fome days together, doth help the rupture: The leaves, either green or dry, or juice of them, doth cleanfe all mapner of ^««en and fi thy what part of the body foever ; and healeth the « inking fores in the nofe, called Polypus. The water wherein the root hath been boiled, dropped into the eyes, clean- feth them from any film or (ki"' , bcKin to hinder the fight, and helpeth the 'catering and reliefs of them, or when, by fome chance, they b / The Englifh Phyffcian Enlarged. 99 !>lack and blue. The root'mixed with bean-flour, and api)li(xl to the throa.t or jaws- that are inflamed^ helpetlt them. The juice of the berries boiled in orl of rofes, or beaten Into powder mixed with the oil» anxl dropped in- to the ears, eafeth 'alns in them. The berpies, or the roots beaten with hot ox-diing,^ and applied, eafeth the pains of the g.out. The leaves and roots boiled in wine with a little oil, and applied to the piles, or the falling down of the fundament, eafeth them, and fo dothiittiiTg ■over the hot fumes thereof. The frelh roots briiifed and dillilled with a little milk, yieldeth a moft Ibyereign water to cleanfe the fkin from feurf, freckles, fpots, or blemilhes, whatfoe\'er therein. Authors have left large commendations of this herl> you fee, but for my part, I have neither fpoken with Dr. Reafon, nor Dr. Experience about it. Cucumbers, Govfrmittnt '"T^HRRR is no difpnte to be made, but tmd yirtuei ] that they are under the dominion of theMoon, though they are fo much cried out againft for their coldnefs, and if they were but one degree colder they would be poifon. The belt of Galenills hold them, fo be cold and moift In the fecond degree, and then not fo hot as either lettuces or pnrflain : they are excellent good for a hotltomach, and hot liver; the nruneafurable ufe ot them fills the body lull of raw humours, and fo- indeed the unmeafurable ufe of any thing elfe doth harm. The face being walhed with their juice cleanfeth the (kin, and is excellent good for hot rheums in the eyes; the feed is excellent good to provoke urine, and cleanfeth the palTagcs thereol when they are Hopped ; there is not a better remedy for ulcers in the bladder growing than Cucumbers are. I'he ufual courfe is, to ufe the feeds in emulfions, as they make almond milk ; but a far better way (in my opinion) is this : When the feafon of the year is„ take the Cucumbers and bruife them well and diftil the water from them, and let fiich as are trebled with ulcers in the bladder drink no other drmk. The face being walhed with the fame water, cureth the redded face that is ; it is alfo excellent good for fun-biwning, freckles, and morphew. Daifies. loo The Englifh Phyfician Enlarged. Daifies. These are fo well known almoft to every clilld, that I fuppofe it needlefs to write any clefcription ot' them. Take therefore the virtues of them as followeth. Government and Virtues. The herb is under the fiirn Cancer, and under the dominion of Venus, and there- fore excellent good for wounds in the brealt, vand very fitting to be kept both in oils, ointments and plaifters, as alfo in fyrup. The greater wild Daifcy is- a wound herb of good refpeiS, often ufed in thofe drinks or falvcs that are for wounds, either inward or outward. The juice or diftilled water of thefe, or the fmall Daifey, doth much temper the heat and choler, and refrefh the lir er,' and the other inward parts. A decoflion made of them and drank, helpeth to cure the wounds made in the hol- lo wnefs of the breaft. The fame cureth alfo all ulcers and puflules in the mouth or tongue, or in the fecret parts. The leaves kruifed and applied to the cods, or any other parts that are fwoln and hot, doth dilTolvc it, and tem- per the heat. A decoflion made thereof, of wallwort and agrimony, and places fomented or bathed therewith warm, giveth great eale to them that are troubletl with the pal fy, fciatica, or the gout. The fame alfo difper- felh unci dilTolvcth the knots or kernels that grow in the flelh .of any part of the body, andbruifes and hurts that come of falls and blows ; they are alfo ufed for ru})tures, and other inward burnings, with very good fuccefs. An ointment made thereof doth wonderfully help all wounds that have inflammations about them, or by reafon of moift humours having accefs unto them, are kept long from healing, and fuch are thofe, for the moft part, that ha})peu to joints of the arms or legs. The juice of them dropped into the running eyes of any, doth much help rttem. Dandelion, vulgarly called Pifs-a Beds. • Defeript.'] T T is well known to have many long and deep X galhcd leaves, lying on the ground fopiul about the head of the roots ; the ends ot each gafh dr jag, on both fules looking downwards towards the rpois-t the middle rib being w hite, which beiug brok»n,yieldeih abundance of bitter milk, but the root much inore ; from among the leaves, which always abide gteon, arife inany ® fleader. lOl 7'he Englifh Phyfician Enlarged. fltMulfr, weak, naked foot ftalks, every one of them bearing at the to]> one large yellow flower, conlifting nf many rows of yellow leaves, broad at the points, and jiieked in with deep fpots of yellow in the middle, which growing rii^e, the green hulk wherein the flowers flood turns kfelf down to the ftalk, and the head of down becomes as round as a ball; with long reddifh feed underneath, bearing a part of the down on the head of even- one, W'hich together is blown away w'ith the wind, or may be at once blown away with one’s mouth. The root grow ing dowmwards exceeding tleep, w'hich being broken off within the ground, Vvill yet flioot fortiv again, and w'iJl hardly be deflroyed where itJiath once taken deep root in the ground. Plact.'\ It groweth frequently in all meadows and pafture-grounds. Time.'] It fiowereth in one place or other almoft all the year long. Government and Virtues.'\ It is under the dominion of Jupiter. It i.s of an opening and cleanfihg quality, ami therefore very efteSual for the obftrudions of the liver, gall and fpleen, and the difeafes that arife from them, its the jaundice and hypochondriac; it openith the palTiges of the urine both in young and old; pow^er- liilly cleanfeth impoflhumes and inward ulcers in the urinary paflage, and by its drying and temperate quality doth afterwards heal them ; for which purpofc tiie de- codlion ol the roots or leaves in w’hite wine, or the leaves chopped as pot-herbs, with a few alifanders, and boiled in their broth, are very efFe£lual. And who-, ever is drawing towards a c mfumption, or an evil dif- pofition ol the whole body, called Cachexia, by the ufe hereof for fome time together, fhall find a w'onderful help. It helpeth alfo to prooire reft and fleep to bodies res. \ qu fee liere what virtues tliis common herb hath, apd that is the reafon the hrench and Dutch fo often eat them in the Spring : ami now, if you look a little farther, you inay fee ])lainly, wiilu)ut a jiair of fpeftacles, .tliat loreign phyficians are not fo felfifh as oursaVe, but more comnuinicati ve of the virtues ol plants to people. Darnel 102 TheYLv\^i{[\ Phyfician Enlarged. Darnel. IT is called Jum and Wray, inSufTex they call it Crop, it being a peftilent enemy among corn. Defcript.'\ I his hath all the Winter long, fundry long, flat, and rough leaves, which, when the ftalk rileth, which is llender and jointed, arenanower, but rough llill; on the top groweth a long fpike, compoled of nia-. ny heads fet one above another, containing two or three huflts, with (harp but (hort beards of awns at the end ; the feed is eahly fhaked out of the ear, the huik itfelf be- ing fomewhat rough. piece.'] The country hnfbandmen do know this too well to grow among their corn', or in the borders and pathways of the other fields that are fallow. Government and Virtuei.] It is a malicious part of fullen Saturn, it is not without fome iices, fo hath it alfo many virtues. The meal of Darnel is very good to Itay gangrenes and other fuch like fretting and eating can- kers and putrid fores; it alfo cleanfeth thelkin of all le- ^rofies, morphews, ringworms, and the like, if it be- ufed with fait and reddilh roots. And being ufcd with quick brimftone and vinegar, it diffolveth knots ; and kernels, and breaketh thofe that are hard to be dif- folved, being boiled in wine with pigeon’s dung and 1 in feed. A decoftion thereof made w'ith water and ho- ney, and the places bathed therewith is profitablefor the fciatica. Darnel meal applied in a poultice draweth forth Cplinters and broken bones in the flelh. The red Darnel boiled in red w'ine and taken, ftayeth the lafk and all other fluxes, and womens bloody ilTues, and rellraincth. urine that paflTeth away too fuddenly.. Dill. De/cript.] '"p'HE common Dill groweth up with feldom ■■ more than one llalk, neither fo high nor fo great ufually' as kennel, being round and feu er joints thereon, whole leaves are (ndilcr and lomewhat long, and fo like Icnnel that it decei'^th many, but harder in handling, and fomewhat thicker, and o( a itronger uu- pleafant feent ; the topis oi tlie llalks have lour branchc', anuOled with any dilcale for whiwh it is proper, th are two other lorts hereof, iir nothing unlike P/aee.l i04 The Englifh P'hyfician Enlarged. The firft groweth as well in dry ineado'ws ami fields as moiil, in many ]>Iaccs of this land; but the other two are more rare, and hard to he met with, yet they are both found growing wild about Appledorc, near Rye in Kent. 7/wf.] 1 hey floAvcrnot ufually until Auguft. Goverrtmfnt and /^/>/««.]The plant is venerc:il, picafing and harmlefs. The herb or the root, (all that the devil hath left of it) being boiled in wine and drank is verv powerful againft the plague and all peftilcntial difeafJs or fevers, poifons alfo, and the bitings of venomous beaflrs ; it helpeth all thofe that are inwardly bruifed by any cafualty, or outwardly' by falls or blows, diflbh ing the clotted blood ; and the herb or root beaten and out- wardly'applied, taketh away the black and blue' marks that remain in the tlcin. The decoiSlibnof the herb, with honey of rofes put therein, is very effediMil to help the inveterate tumours and fwellings of the almonds and throat,.by often gargling the throat therewith; it helpeth. alfo to procure womens Oourfes, and eafeth all pains of the mother, and to break and dilFufs wind therein, and. in the bowels. The powder of the root taken in drink, driveth forth the worms in the body. The juice, or dif- tilled water of the herb, is effedlual for grceit wounds, or old fores, and deanfeth the body^ inwardly, and the faed outwardly from fores, fcurf, itch, pimples, frec- kles, morphew, or other deformities thereof, efpecially if a little vitriol be diflblved therein. ANY kinds of thefe are fo well known, that I Ih.all not trouble you with a defcription of them. My book grows big too fafl:. Government and Virtues."] All Docks are under Jupiter, of which the red Dock, which is commonly called Blood- w'ort, deanfeth the blood, and llrengthens the liver; but tiic yellow Dock root is bed to be taken when ei- ther the blood or liver is afFedled by choler. All of them leave a kind of cooling (but not all alike) dry ing quality, the former being mod cold; and the bloody- . worts mod di ving. Of the Burdock I have fpoken al- ready'by itfd I*. The feed of mod of the other kinds, whether the gardens or fields, do ll.ny lafles and fluxes ot all forts, the loathing of tlie llomach tlirough choler. Dock. and The Ei)g1ifh Phyjician Enlarged. 105 helpful forthofe that fpit blood. The roots boiled in vinegtir helpeth the itch, fcabs, breaking out of the Ikin, if it be bathed therewith. The dillilled water^of the herb and robts have the fame virtnfe, and cleanfeth the (kin from freckles, morphews, and all other fpots and (irfcolourings therein. All Docks being boiled with meat, make it boil the fooner; befides Blbod-wbrt is exceeding Itrengthening to the liver, and procures gotul blood, being as whole- fome a pot-herb as any .grows in a garden ; yet fuch is the niect}- of our tirnes (forfpoth) that women will not put it into a pot, becaufe it makeS; the pottage black; (pride and ignorance a couple of monfters in the crea- tion) preferring nicety before health. Dodder pf Thyme, Epithymum, and otheB Dodders. ’'HIS fifft from feed giveth roots, in tha 1 grounsi, which fliooteth foith threads or (Ifings, grofler or finer as the property of the plant wherein it groweth, and the climate doth fu.ffer, creep- ing and fpreading on that plant whereon it fafieneth, be it high or low. '1 he llrings have no leaves at ,all upon them, but wind aiid interlace ihemfelves fo thick upon a finall plant, that it taketh away all comfort of the fun Irom it; and is ready to t-hoak or llrangle it. After thefe llrings are rifen up to that height, that I they may draw iiourifhmcnt from that plant, they feem to he broken ofF from the ground, cither by the fl'rength of their rifing or withered by the heat of the fun. Upon thefe Ilrino-s are found diilfers of fmall headorhulks, out of which’lhoot forth whitilh flowers, which afterwards give fmall pale coloured feed, fomcwhal flat, and twice as bigas'Pop- in-fe<-d. It generally participates of the nature of the plant uhiph it climbeth upon; but the Dodder of 1 h^ me is accovintcd the bell, and is the only true Kpi- tbymum. ^ Cogjirmntnt and Virtuti.'] All Dodders arc under Saturn. Tell not me ofphyficians crying up Kpithymum, or that Dodder which grows upon Thyme, (molt of which colnes from Hcmeiius in Greece, or Hybla in Sicily, be- caufe thofe mountains abound with Thyme) he is a phyfidan irideed, that hath wit enough to choofe his Dodder, according to the nature of the difeafe and. hu- Tuour peccant, ’^ e confe's Ihyme is the hotted herb it io6 The EnglHh Phyftcian Enlarged. it ‘iif’u.ajly grows upon ; atu} tliei efore dial which crows upon rhyme IS hotter than that which grows on. colder herbs ; for u draws nourjlhment licm whi it grows upon, as wel as from the earth wherciits root is, and thus you fee old Saturn is wife enough to have two ftnngs to his bow. J his is accounted the moll effedlual lor melancholy difeales, and to purge black or burnt cholei, which is the catife of many difeafes of the head and brain, as alfo lor the trembling of the heart, faint- ings and fwooiiings. t is helpful in all difeafes and griefs oi the fpleen, and melancholy that arifes from the wind- inels of the hypocondria; it purgeth alfo the reins -or kidnics by urine; it openeth obdrudlions of the call, whereby It profiteth them that have the jaundice! as u I ^ fpleen ; purging the veins of the .choleric and phlegmatic humours, and helpeth children in agues, a little worm feed being put thereto. The other Dodders do (as I laid before) .participate of the nature of thole plants whereon they grow,- as that whidi hath been found growing, upon nettles in the eft-country, hath by experience, been found veryef- l^eftual to procure plenty of urine, where it hath been Hopped or hindered, and fo of the reft, Sympathy and antipathy are two hinges upon which the wTole mode of phy He turns ; and that'phyfician w hich . rrunds them not, is like a door from oft the hooks, more like to do a man mifehief, than to fecure him. 1 hen all the difeafes Saturn caufeth, this helps by fvinpathy andi ftrengthens all parts of the body he rules ; luchLbe- caufed by Sol, it helps by antipathy. What thofe difea- fes are, fee my judgment of difeafes by allrology- and: it you be pleafed to look at the herb W orinwood, y*ou lhall find a rational way for it. ^ Dog’s-Grafs, or Couch-Grafs. Df/crift.'] 1 T is well known, that the grafs crcci^eth far ^ A about under the ground, with long white jointed roots, and fmall fibfes almoll at every joint, ve- ry fweet in talle, as the reft ol the herb is, and interla- chig one another, from whence fhoot forth many fair grally leaves, fmall at theends, and cutting or ftiarp on the edges. The Itftlks are jointed like jborn, with th,e like leaves on them, and a large l*piked head, with a long Tke Englifli Phyfuian Enlarged. 107 huflc in them, and hard rough feed, in them- If you know it not by this defcription, watch the dogs when they are hck, and they will quickly lead you to it. Flact.'] It groweth commonly through this land, in divers ploughed grounds, to the no fmall trouble of the hufbandmen, as alfo of the gardeners, in gardens, to weed it out, if they can; for it is a conftant cullomef to the place it gets fqoting in. Government and Virtues.^ ’Tis Under the dominion of Jupiter, and is mo 11 medicinable of all the Quick-grafles. Being boiled and drank, it openeth obftructions of the liver and gall, and the llopping of urine, and eafeth the griping pains of the belly, and inflapimations ; wafteth the matter of the Hone in the bladder, and the ulcers thereol' alfo. The roots bruifed and applied do confo- lidate wmunds. The feed doth more powerfully expel urine, and llayeth the lalk and vomiting. The diftilled atcr alone, or with a little wormfeed, killeth the worms in children. The way of ufe is to bruife the roots,’ and having Well boiled them in white wine, drink the decoftioiv; ’tis opening, but not purging, very fafe; ’tis a remedy .againft all difeafes coming of llopping, and fuch are half thofe that are incident to the body of man ; and al- though a gardener be of another opinion, yet a phyfician hold,> half an acre of them to be worth live acres of f arrots twice told over. Dove’s-Foot, or Crane's-Bill. Df/cript.'] hath divers fmall, round, palcgreen M leaves, cut in about the edges, much like mallows, Itanding upon long, reddilh,’ hairy Halks, ly- ing in a round coinpafs upon the ground ; amon*’’ which rife up two, or three, or more reddilh jointed, *llender, vcak, hairy Italks, with Inch like leaves thereon, but fmaller, and more cut in up to the tops, where grow many very fmall bright red flowers, of five leaves a-piece- after which follow fmall lieads, with fmall Ihort beaks* pomtfed forth, as all other forts of thofe herbs do. P/flfo] It groweth in pallure grounds, and by the fides m many places, and will alfo be in gardens. Time.] It flowereth in June, .Filly, and Augult, fomc earlier, and fome later ; and the feed is ripe quickly after. Gevtra^ io8 The Englifh Phyfidan Enlarged. Grmervment and It is a ^■ery tlimigh martial plant. It is found liy expi rionce to he fingular good for the wind colic, as ulfo to expcd the llonu and gravel in the kidnics. 'The decodlion thereof in wine, is an excellent good cure for thofe that have inward wounds, hurts, or hruifes, both to Hay the bleeding, to diffolv e and expel the congealed blood, an and fifiulas ; and for green wounds, many do only bruife the htrb, and apply it to the place, and it healeth them quickly. The fame decodtion inw'ine, fomented to any place pained with the gout, or to joint-aches, or pain of the fmew's, giveth much cafe. The powder or decodlion of the herb taken for feme time together, is found by experience to be fingidargood fet it ufually dicth after feed-time. The Englifh Phyjiciah Enlarged. 10^ Place.] It groweth. in divers ditches, banks, and ia corn fields and liigluvays, generally everywhere throughout the land. Tme ] It flowereth and beareth feed about the end of Summer, when other thillles do flower and feed. Government and Firfaei.] Mars Owns the plant, and inanitefts to the world, that though it may hurt your finger, it will help your body ; for I fancy it much for the enluiiig virtues. Plinj^ and Diofeorides write, That the leaves and roots thereof taken in drink, help thofe lathave a crick in their neck, whereby they cannot turn tli^eir neck, but their whole body muft turn alfo [ lire they do not mean thofe that have got a crick in they iu‘ck by being under the hangman’s hand). Galen laith, that the root and leaves hereof are of a heatintr quality, and good for fuch perfons as have their bodif^ Urawn together by fome fpafm or convulfions, as it is with children that have the rickets, or rather (as the ^ lep of phvficiaiis will have it) the Rachites, for tremif they have (in a particular onf learnedly difputed and put forth to public view, that the world may fee they nave took much pains to little purpofe. ^ Dragons. 'T^HEY arefovyell.known to every one that plants if not W fh defeription ; flanks ’ to the . lower end l,f the llalks, and fee how like a fnake they look nionTrvw' ‘fn uT"-} ■^5’° body mightily, and it cleareth the evter Klt ir ( t no Englifli Phjician Enlarged. a>vay fpots there, or the ]>in ami web, ami meiuls tlie dimnefs of fight ; it is excellent good againfl pel'i'ence and poifon. Pliny and Diofeorides affirm, that no fer45eiu will meddle withhim that carries this herb about him. The Elder Tree. Hold it needlefs to write any defeription of this, fince every boy that plays with a pop-gun will not miftake another tree inftead of Elder. I (hall therefore in this place only deferibe the Dwarf Elder, called alfo Dead-wort, and Wall-wort. I The Dwarf Elder. T)efcript.] 'T^HIS is but an herb every year, (lying with J. his ftalks to the ground, and rifing frelh every Spring, and is like unto the Elder both in lorm and. «uality, rifing up with a fquare rough hairy flalk, four feet high, or more fometintes. The winged leaves are. fomewhat narrower than the Elder, but elfe like them. The flowers are white with a da(h of purple, ftanding in umbels, very like the Elder alfo, but more fweet in feent; after which, come fmall blackiffi berries, full of iuice while they are frefh, wherein is fmall hard kernels, or feed. The root doth creep under the upper cruft ot - the (^round, fpringing in divers places, being ot the big- nefs'^of one’s finger or thumb fometimes. , , , Place.'X TheE-lder-tree groweth in hedges, being plantctl there to ftrengthen the fences and partitions ol giound, and to hold the banks by ditches and water-courles. _ The Dwarf Elder growing w ild in many places ol England, where being once gotum into a ground, it is not eafily gotten forth again. _ /««.] Both Elder and Dwarf Free are under the dominion of Venus. 1 he fir ft (hoot, o the common Elder boiled like afpai-agus and the young leaves and (lalks boiled in fat broth . doth forth phlegm and choler'. The middle or inw.md ban. boded in tater, and given in drmk, work eth much more violently, and the berries, either green or dry, e.\ ™ Uhc ftmc lut’mour. and are often given witb^^md ^ 1 1 1 The Englifh Phyfician Rnlarged. faccefs to help the ciropfy ; the bark of the root boiled in wine, or the juice thereof drank, worketh the fame cfFefts, but more powerfully than either the leaves or fruit. The Juice of the root taken, doth mightily pro- cure vomitings, and purgeth the \vatery humours of the dropfy. Theclecodion of the root taken, cureth the bite of an adder, and biting of mad dogs. It molli- fieth the hardnefs of the mother, if a woman fit thereon, and openeth their veins, and bringeth down their courfes; The berries boiled in wine performeth the fame efFeft; and the hair of the head walhed therewith, is made black. The Juice of the green leaves applied to the hot inflammations of the eyes a/Tuageth them ; the juice of the leaves fnu fled up into the' noftrils, pun>-eth the tunicles of the brain ; the Juice of the berries boiled with honey, and dropped into tlie ears, helpcth the pains of them; the deco^iou of the berries in, wine beiiw- drank provoketh urine; the dilUlIed water of the flowers^, is of much ufe to clean the fkin from fun-burnin*^’ freckles, morphew, or the like; and taketh away the head-ach, coming of a cold cau'c, the head being bathed therewith. The leaves or flowers diflilled in the month of May, and the legs olten walhed with the faid diflilled ^^ater, it taketh away the ulcers and foref of them I'he eyes wafhed therewith, it taketh away the rednefs and blood-fhot; and the hands waflied morning and evening therewith, helpcth the pally, and Ihaking of them The Dwarl Elder is more powerful than the common Elder in opening and purging choler, phlegm, and water; in helping the gout, piles, and womens llifeafes, coloureth the hair black helpcth the inflammations of the eyes, and pains in the ears, the biting of ferpents or mad dogs burnings and fcaldings. the wincfcoHck colick and llone, the difficulty of urine, the cure of obi fores, and fiftulous ulcers. Either leaves or bark of Elder ilnpped upwards as you gather it, caufetli vomiting A lo Ur. Butler in a manufcript ofhls. commends Dwa^f Elder to the Iky fordropfies, viz. to drink it, beino- boiled m white wme; to drink the decoaion 1 mean not the ElS The Elm Tree, 5 12 The Englifh Phyfidan Enlarged. Government and Virtues. It is a cold and Saturnine plant. The leaves thereof bruiied and applied, heal jjreen wounds, being bouml thereon witli its own bark. The leaves or the bark ufed with vinegar, cureth feurf and leprofy very effeaually: Tlie decoftion of the leaves, bark, or root, being batlied, he;ds broken bones. The water that is found in the bladdins on tlie leaves, while it is frefti, is very effeftual to cleanfe the Ikin, and make it lair; and if cloths be often wet therein, and ap- plied to the ruptures of children, it healeth them, if they be well bound up with a trufs. The laid w:iter put into a glafs, and fet into the ground, or elfe in dung for twenty -five days, the mouth thereof being clofe ftopped, and the bottom fet upon a lay of oMinary fait, that the foeces may fettle and water become clear, is a fingular and fovereign balm for green wounds, being ufed w ith foft tents : The decoflion of the bark of the root fo- mented, mollifieth hard tumours, and the (hrinking of the fine w'S. The roots of the Elm boiled for a long time in water, and the fat arifing on the top thereof, being clean fcumined off, and the place anointed there- with that is grown bald, and the hair fallen away, will quickly reftore them again. The laid bark ground with brine and pickle, until it come to the form of a poultice, and laid on the place pained w ith the gout, giveth great eaf'e. The decoilion of the bark in w ater, is excellent to bathe fuch places as hat e been burnt with fire. - Endive. Defcript.'l ^QMMON garden Endive bearcth a longer and larger'leaf than fuccory, and abiileth but one vear, quickly running up to llalk and It'ed, and then perilheth ; it hath blue flowers, and the leed ol the ordinary Endive is lo like luccory feeil, that it is hard to dillinguifli them. , r Government and Virtues.~\ It is a fine c0(jhng, cleanling, jovial plant. The decodliop of the leaves, or the Juiix-, or the diftilled water of Endive, ferveth well to cool the exceflive heat of the liver and liomach, and m the hot fits of agues, and all other inflammations in any part of the body; it cooleth the heat and fliarpnels ol the urine, and excoriatioms in the urinary parts. T he feeds are of the fame proi)erly, or rather more powerlul, and bclnU’S The Englifh Phyjician Enlarged. 113 beficles are available for faintinsr, fwoonings, ancl paf- fions of the heart. Outwardly applied, they ferve to temper the /harp humours of fretting ulcers, hot tu- mours, fwelliugs, and peiHIential fores ; and wonder- fully help not only the rednefs and inflammations of the eyes, but the dimnefs of the fight alfo; they are alfo ufed to allay the p-ains of the gout ; you cannot ufe it aiuifs ; a fyrup of.it is a fine cocding medicine for fevers. See the end of this book, and the Englifh Difpenfator}'-. Elecampane. Dejcript,'\ 1 T Ihooteth forth many large j eaves, long and i broatl, lying near the ground, fiimll at both ends, fomewhat foft ha handling, of a whitifh green on the upper fide, and grey underneath, each fe"t upon a Ihort foot-ftalk, from among which rife up divers great and firong hairy lialks, tliroe or four f«et high, with fomelea'. es thereupon compaffing them about at the lower end, and are branchetl towards the tops, bearing divers great and large flowers, like thofe of the corn- marigold, both the border of leaves and the middle thrum being yellow, w'hich turn into down, with long, fnmll, browniih feeds among it, and is carried awav with the wind. The root is great and tliick, brancliell forth divers ways, blackifh on the outfide, and whiti-fh within, ol a very bitter talte, and llrong, but good feent, efpecially when they are dried, no part elfe of the plant liavingany fmell. Place.] It groweih in moift- grounds and fhadowy places, oftener than in the dry and open borders of fields and lanes, and in other w'alle places, almoli; in every- county of this land. ^ T^e,] It flowerelh in the end of June and .July, and the feed is ripe in AuguU. 'I'he roots are gathered for ufe, a.s w'ell in the .Spring before the leaves come forth as 111 Autumn or Winter. Government and Vi, tun.] It is a plant under the domi- nion ol Mercury. 'I'he frelh roots of Elecampane pre- firved with a.gar,ormade into a fyrup or eonferve are very e/Fed ual to warm a cold windy Itomaeh, or the pricking therein and flitches in the fides caufed bv the 1]. eeii ; and to help the cough, fhortnefs of breath,Vnd wheezing i,i the lungs. 1 he dried root made into pow- der, and mixed with fugar and taken, ferveth the lame purpofe ; and is alio profitable for thofe who have ^ 3 their 114 Englifh Phy/ician Enlarged. their urine flopped, or the flopping of womens courfes, the pains of the mother, and of the ftone in the reins, kidnies, or bladder ; it refilleth poifon, and flayeth the Ipreading of the venom of ferpents, as alfo putrid and peflilential fevers, and the plague itfelf. The roots and herbs beaten and put into new ale or beer, and daily drank, cleareth, flrengtheneth, and quickeneth the fight of the eyes wonderiully. The decodlion of the roots in wine, or the juice taken therein, kiileth and driveth forth all manner of wonjiS in the belly, flomach, and inaw ; and gargled in the mouth, or the root chewed, fafleneth loofe teeth, and helps to keep them from pu- trefaction ; and being drank, is good for thofe tl}at fpit blood, helpeth to remove cramps or convulfions', gout, fciatica, pains in the joints, applied outwardly or in- wardly, and is alfo good for thofe that are burden, or have any inward bruife. The root boiled well in vine- gar, beaten aVterv ards, and made into an ointment with hog’s fuet, or oil of trotters, is an excellent remedy for frabs or Itch in yeung or old ; the places also bathed or walhed with the decodlidn , doth thelame; italfo helpeth ail forts of filthy old putrid fores or cankers whatfoever. In the roots of this herb lieth the chief elFcdl for the re- medies aforefaid. The diflilled water of the leaves and roots together, is very ’profitable to cleanfe the Ikin of ' rhe face/ or ether parts, from any morphew, fpots, or blemifnes therein, and make it clear. Eringo, or Sea Holly. Df/cript-l 'TP'ME firfl leavesof our ordinary Sea H0II3', 1 are nothing fo hard and prickly as when they grow old, being almofl round, and deeply dented about the edges, hard and (harp-pointed, and a little crumpled, of a bluifh green colour, every one upon a long foot-flalk ; but thofe that grow up higher with the iialk, do as it were compafs it about. I’he (talk itfelf is round and flrong, yet fomewhat crefled with joints, and leaves fet thereat, but more divided, (harp and prickly, and brunches rifing from thence, which have likewife other fmall branches, each of them having feveral bliiilh and prickly heads, ^^ith many fmall, jagged, 1 rickly leaves under them, Handing like a liar, ami fometimes found greenilh or whitiih ; the root proweth wonderful long, et en to eight or ten feet in length, fet with rings and circles towards the upper part. The EnglHh Phyfidan Enlarged. ii5 cut finooth and witliQut joints down lower, brownlfli on the ouifide, and very white within, with a pith in the middle, of a pleafant talie-, but much more, being artificially preferved, and candied withlugar. P/ace.)h is found about the fea coalt in almoft eveiy county of this land, which bordereth on the lea. Time.] It flowereth in the end of Summer, and giveth ripe feed within a month after. (jonjtrnment and Virtues,] The plant is venereal, and breedeth feed exceedingly, and ftrengthens the Ipirit procreative ; it is hot and moi.ll, and under the celellial balance. The decoilion of the root hereof in wine, is very efreiflual to open obllruftions of the Ipleen and li- ver, and helpeth yellow jaundice, droply, pains ot the loins, and wind colic, prov'-okelh urine, and expel- Jeth the llone, procureth womens courfes. '.1 he continu- ed life of the decoftion for fifteen days, taken lalling, and next tobedward, doth help the ftrangury, the pif- ling liy drops, the Hopping of urine, llone, and all ^ie- leds of the reins and kidnies ; and it the faid drink be continued longer, it i? found good againll the French pox. The roots bruifed and applied outwardl3^ helpeth the kernels of the throat, commonly called the King’s evil ; or taken inwardly, and applied to the place Hung or bitten by any ferpent, healeth it fpeedily. It the roots be brui'.ed and boiled in hog’s greafe, or faked larcl,» and applied to broken bones, thorns, &c. remaining in the flelh, they do not only draw them forth, but heal up the place again, gathering new flelh where it was confumed. 'The juice of the leaves dropped into the ear, helpeth impoHhumes therein. The difiilled water of the vvhnle herb, when the leaves and Halks are young, is profitably drank for all thepurpofes aforefaid; and help- eth the ulfelancholy of the heart, and is available in quartan and quotidian agues, as alfo for them that have their necks drawn awry, and cannot turn them without turning their whole body. Eyebright. s De/cript.] ^ OMMON Kycbright is a fmall low herb, V_> rifing u[, ufually but with one blackilh green ftalk a, fpan high, or not much more, fpread from the bottom intoluudry branches, whereon are fmall and G almoll 1 16 The Englifh Ph^fician Enlarged. almofl round, yet pointed, e_d about rhe_ edges, tsvo always fet together, and vely wnrV the leaves, from the middle up- nlfo,; «t-eped with pur- ple and 3 ellow fpots or ftfipcs ; alter which follow fmall round heads, with very fmall feed therein. 'I'he root is loner, fniall, and thready at tr*ti c*nd. thif kind ttteadows, and gralTy places in Gswrm/W/W.t.] It is under thefignofthe Lion, and bol claims dominion over it. If the herb was but as much ufed as it is uegleded, it would half fpoil the ipeCtacIe-maker’s trade ; and u man would think, that realon fhould teach people to prefer the prefervatlon of their-natural before artificial fpe^lacles, which that they maj be inllrufled how to do, take the virtues of the Ej-ebright as followcth : The juice, or diftilled water of Plyebright, taken in- w'ardly in white wine or broth, or dropped into the eyes, for divers days together, helpeth all infirmities of the eyes that caufe dimnefs of fight. Some make conferve of the flowers to the fame effefl. Being ufed any of the ways, it alfo helpeth a weak brain or memory. This tunned up with firong beer that it may work together, aiul drank, or the pow'der ol the dried herb mixed with fugar, a little mace and Fennel-feed, and drank, or eaten in broth j or the laid powder made into an elec- tuary with fugar, and taken, hath the lame powerful cf- fe^t to help and reliore the fight decayed through age ; and Amoldus de Villa Nova faith, it hath reftored fight to them that have been blind a long time before. Fern. Defiript. this there are two kinds principally' to be treated of, the Male aridFeraale, The Female growetii higher than the Male, but the leaves thereof are lefler, and more divifled or dented, and of as firong a fmell as the Male ; the virtue ol them are both alike, and therefore 1 /hall not trouble you with any deferiptiou or diltiifilion oftlu m. Place ] T hey grow both in heaths and lhady places near the hcdge-fide.s in all counties ol this land. Time."] They flower and give their feed at Midfummer. The Female Fern is that [ilani which is in SuflVx called Brakes, the fccdof which feme authors hold to be lo rare. Such The Englifii Phyjtcian Enlarged. 117 Such a thing there is I know, and may be eafily had up- on Midfummer Eve, and for ought I know, two or three davs after it, if not more. Government and Virtues. '\ It is under the dominion of Mercury, both Male and Female. The roots of botU thofe forts of Fern being bruifed and boiled in mead, or honeyed water, and drank, killeth both the broad and long worms in the body, and abateth the fwelling and hardnefs of the fpleen. The gi-een leaves eaten, purge the bellv andcholerick and waterifli humours that trou- ble the llomach.'They are dangerous for women with child to meddle with, by reafon they caufe abortions. The roots braifed and boiled in oil, or hog’s- greafe, make a very profitable ointment to heal wounds, or pricks gotten in the flefh. The powder of them ufed in foul ulcers, drieth up their malignant moiilureand cauf- eth their (^[leedier healing. Fern being burned, the fmoak thereof driveth away ferpents, knats, and other noifome creatures w hich in fenny countries do, in the night lime, trouble and moled people lying in their beds with tlieir faces uncovered j it caufeth barrennefs. Ofmond Royal, or Water Fern. Drfeript. Vt 'HIS fhooteth forth in Spring-time (for In A the W inter the leaves perilh) divers rough hard (lalks, half round and yellowifh, or flat on the other fide, two feel high, having divers branches of winged yellownfh green leaves on all fides, fet one againd another, longer, narrower, and not nicked on the edges as th(! former. From the top of fome of thefe flalks grow a long bufh of fmall and more yellow, green, fcaly aglets, fet in the fame manner on the flalks as the leaves are, which are accounted the flower and feeds. The root is rough, thick and fcabby, with a white pith in the middle, which is called the heart thereof. It groweth on moors, bogs, and watery pla- ces, in many parts of this land. Time.] It is green all the Summer, and the root only abideth in the Winter. ^ Government and Virtues.'] Saturn owns the plant. This hath all the virtues mentioned in the former Ferns is much more cffeflual than they, both for inward and o’ut- v. ard griefs, andis accounted fingular good in wounds, ^ 5 bruifes, n8 Tht Englifh Phyfician Enlargtd, bruifes, or the like. The decoftion to be drank, or boil- ed into an ointment of oil. as a balfam or balm, and fo It IS fingular good againft bruifes and bones broken Iplenetic difeafes ; as alfo lorruptures or burllings. The decoftion of the root in white wine, provoketh urine the^uidne^ deanfeth the bladder and paffages of Fever-few, or Featherfew. De/cript.'] OMMCNT Featherfew hath large frelh leaves, much torn or cut on the edges. The ftalks are hard and round, fet with many fuch like leaves, but fmaller, and at the tops Hand many lingle flowers, "upon fmall foot ftalks, confifting of many fmall white leaves ftanding round about a yellow thrum in the mid- dle. The root is fomewhat hard and fliort, with many ftrong fibres about it. The fcent of the whole plant is ■very ftrong and ftuffing, and the tafte is very bitter. Place.'] T his grows wild in many places of the land, but is for the moft part nourilhed in gardens. Government and Virtues.] Venus commands this herb, and hath commended it to fuccour her fillers (women) and to be a general ftrengthener of their wombs, and remedy fuch infirmities as a carelefs midwife hath there- caufed; if they will but be pleafed to make ufe of her herb boiled in white wine, and drink the decoftion ; it cleanfeth the womb, expels the after-birth, and doth a woman all the good (he can defire of an herb. And if any grumble becaufe they cannot get the herb in Win- ter, tell them, if they pleafe, they may make a fyrup of it in Summer ; it is chiefly ufed for the difeafe of the mother, whether it be the ftrangling or rifing of the mo- ther, or hardnefs or inflammations of the fame, applied outwardly thereunto ; or a decoftion of the flowers in wine, with a little nutmeg or mace put therein, and drank often in a day, is an approved remedy to bring down womens courfes fpeedily, and helpeth to expel the dead birth and after-birth. Fora woman to fit over the hot fumes of the decoflion of the herb made in wa- ter or wine, is effeftual for the fame ; and in fome cafes, to apply the herb warm to the privy parts. The decoc- tion thereof made with fome fugar or honey, is ufed by many Tht Englifh Phyfician Enlarged. 119 many with good fuccefs to help the cough and ftuffing of thk'heft, by cold, as to cleanfe the reins and bladdei, and helps to expel the llone in them. The powder ot the herb taken in wine with Ibme Oxymel, pui^eth both cholerand phlegm, and is available for thofe that are (hort winded, and are troubled with mdancholy and hcavinefs, or fadnefs offpirits. It is veiy effeauaUor all pains in the head coming ot a coldcaufe, the heib being bruifed applied to the crown of the head ; as alfo tot the vertigo, that is, a running or fwimmiiig of thehead. The decoftion thereof drank warm, and the herb bruiled with a few corns of Bay-Ialt, and applied to the wrius before the coming of the ague (its, do take them away. The dilUlled water take\h away freckles and other fpots ^ and deformities ill the face. Iheheib bruifed and heated on a tile, w'ith ibme wine to moiften it, or fried with a little wine and oil, and applied vs arm out- wardly to the places, helpeth the wind and colic in the losver part of the belly. It is an efpecial remedy againfl: opium taken too liberally. Fennel. Every garden afFordeth this fo plentifully, that it needs no defcription. Government and f^irtues.'] One good old fafliion is not vet lelt off, viz. to boil fennel with fi(h, for it confumes that phlematic humour, whiclvfifh moft plentifully af-. ford and annoy the body with, though few that ufe it, know wherefore they do it ; I fuppofe the reafon of its benefit this way is, besaufe it is an herb of Mercury, and under Virgo, and therefore bears antipathy to Pifces. Fennel is good to break wind, to provoke urine, and eafe the pains of the Hone, and helps to break it. The Jeaves or feed boiled in barley water and drank,’ are good for nurfeSjto eucreafe their milk, and make it mor.e wholefome for the child. Tlie leaves, or rather the feeds boiled in water, llayeth the hiccough, and taketh away therloathings which oftentimes happen to the Ilomach af iick and feverUh perfons, and allayeth the heat thereof. The feed "oiled in wine and drank, is good for thole that are bitten with feri>ents, or have egteu poifonous herbs, or muQirooms. I'he feeds and the roots much more help to open obftruilions of the liver, fpken and G 6 gall. 120 The Englifh Phyjician Enlarged. painful and windy fwellin^ anr?r/^ jaundice, as alfo the gout f ° medicines to help hoitnefs o breath and wheezing by flopping of the lings. Ithelpeth alfo to bring down the courfes, and to cleanfe the parts alter delivery. The roots are of moft life in phyfic drink and broths that are taken to cleanfe the blood, to open obftrudtions of the liver, to provoke urine, and amend the ill colour in the face after fick- uefs, and to caufe a good habit through the body. Both leaves, feeds and roots thereof, are much ufed in drink people more lean that are too fat; The i-Ir* 1 whole herb, or the coiidenfatejuice tliflolyed, but efpecially the natural juice, that in fome counties iflueth out hereof of its own accord, dropped into the eyes, cleanleth them from mifls and films that hinder the fight- T.he fweet Fennel is much weaker ir> phyfical ufes than the common Fennel. The wild Fen- nel is flronger and hotter than the tame, and therefore mofl powerful againfl the flone, but not fo effeflual to increafe milk, becaufe of its diynefs. Sow-Fennel, or Hog’s Fennel. TJESIDES the common name in Englilh, Hog’s Fennel, and the Latin name Peucidanum, it is called Hoar- ftrange & Hoar-drong, Sulphur-wort & Brimflone-wort- Df/cript.'] Thecommon Sow P'ennel hath div'ers branch- ed flalks of thick and fomewhat long leaves, three for mofl part joined together at a place, among which arif- eth a crefted flralght flalk, iefs than Fennel, with fome joints thereon, and leaves growing thereat, and towards the tops fome branches iffuing from thence ; likewife on the tops of the flalks aad branches fland divers tufts of yellow flowers, whereafter grows fomewhat flat, thin, and yellowifti feed, bigger than Fennel-feed. The roots grow great and deep, w ith many other parts and fibres about them of a ftrong feent like hot brimflone, and yield forth a yellowifli milk, or clammy juice almofl like a gum. It groweth plentifully in the fait low marlhes, near Feverfham in Kent. 7'ime.J It flowereth plentifully in July and Augufl. Goventment and Firtues.^ This is alfo an herb ofMercury. The juice of Sow-Feuncl (faith Diofeorides and Galen) ufed Ill nc EngliHi Phyfician Enlarged, «fecl with viiiegnr and rofe-water, ©r the juice witli a little eupliorbiuni put to the nofe, hclpeth thofe that arc troubled with the lethargy, frenzy, or giddinefs of the heatl, the falling-ficknefs, long and inveterate head-ach, the palfy, fciatica, and the cramp, and generally all the difeafes of the finevvs, nfed with oil and vinegar. The juice dilTolved in wine, or put into an egg, is good for a cough, or fliortnefs of breath, and for thofe that are troubled with wind in the body. It purgeth the belly gently, expelleth the hardnefs of the fpleen, giveth eafe to women that have fore travail in child-birth, andeafeth the pains of the reins and bladder, and alfo the womb. A little of thejuice dilTolved in wine, and dropped into the ears, eafeth the pains in them, and put into a hollow tooth, eafeth the pains thereof. The root is lefs elFeiflual to all the aforefaid diforders ; yet the powder of the root cleanfeth foul ulcers, being put into them, and taketh out fplinters of broken bones, or other things in the flelh, and healeth them up perfeiSUy; as alfo drieth up oltjand in- veterate running fores, and is of admirable virtite in all green wounds. Fig-Wort, or Throat- Wort. De/cript.l ^OMMON great Fig-wort fendeth divers ^ great, llrong, hard, fquare brown ftalks, three or fotir feet high, whereon grow large, hard, and dark green leaves, two at a joint, harder and larger than nettle leaves, but not Hinging ; at the tops of the llalks lland many purple flowers fet in hulks, which are fome- times gaping and open, fomewhat like thofe of Wa,ter Betony ; after which come hard round heads, with a fmall point in the middle, wherein lie fmall brownilh feed. The root is great, white, and thick, with many branches at it, growing aflope under the upper cruft of the ground, which abideth many years, bat keepeth not his green leaves in Winter. Place.] It groweth frequently in moift and lhadowy woods, and in the lower parts of the fields and meadows. Time.] It flowereth about July, and the feed will be ripe about a month after the flowers are fallen. Government and Virtues.] Some Latin authors call it Ccr- vicaria, becaufe it is appropriated to the neck ; and the Throat-wort, becaufe it is appropriated to the throat. Venus owns the herb, and the CelelUal Bull will not deny it j therefore a better remedy cannot be for the Iting’s 122 TAd Englifli Phyfician Enlarged. kind’s evil, becaufe the Moon that rules the clifeafe is exalted there. The decoilion of the herb taken inward- ly;, and the bruifed herb applied outwardly, diflblveth clotted and congealed blood within the body, coming by any wounds, bruife, or fall ; and is no lefs elFedlual for the king’s evil, or any other knobs, kernels, bunches,' or wens growing in the flefh wherefoever ; and for the hsmorrhoids, or piles. An ointment made hereof may- be ufed at all times when the fre(h herb is not to be had. The diftilled water of the whole plant, roots and all, is ufed for the fame purpofes, and drieth up the fu- ' perfluous, virulent moillure of hollow and corroding vdeers ; it taketh away all rednefs, fpots, and freckles in' the face ; as alfo the feurf, and any foul deformity therein, and the leprofy likewife. Filipendula, or Drop-Wort. Defeript.'] ^T^HIS fendeth forth many leaves, fome big- A ger, fome lefl'er, fet on each fide ot a middle rib, and each of them dented about the edges, fomewhat refembling wild Tanfy, or Agrimony, but harder in handling ; among which rife up one or more ftalks, two or three feet high, with the leaves growing thereon, and fometimes alfo divided into other branches fpreading at the top' into many white, fwcet fmelling flowers, confifting of five leaves a-piecc, with lome threads in the middle of them Handing together, in a pith or umbel,' each upon a fmall foot-ilalk, -w’hich, after they have been blowm upon a good while, do fall aw'ay, and in their places appear fmall, round, chafly heads like buttons, wherein are the chaffy feeds fet and placed. The root confills of many fmall, black, tu- berous pieces, faftened together by many Imall, long blackiih Hrings, which run from one to another. _ Place.] It groweth in many places of this land in the corners of dry fields and meadows, and the hedge-fides. Time.] They flower in June and July, and their feed is ripe in Augull. , • • Government and Viriuei.] It is under the dominion ot Venus. It effieitually opens the paflages of the urine, helpeth the Jlranguiy, the Hone in the kidnics or bladder, the gravel, and all other pains ot the bladdei and reins, by taking the roots in po-wder, or a decodtion of them in white wine, with a litde honey. _ The roots made into powder, and mixed with honey in the torm ‘The Englifli Phyjician Enlarged. 125. oX an elefluary, doth much help them whofe ftbmaclis are fwollen, diffolyiiig and breaking the wind which was the caufe thereof ; and is alfo very effeftual for all the difeafes of the lungs, as fhortnefs of breath, wheezing, hoarfenefs of the throat, and the cough ; and to expec- torate tough phlegm, or any other parts thereabout. It is called Drop-wort, becaufc itheliwfuch as pifs by drops. The Fig-Tree. For to give a defer! ption of a tree fo well known to every body that keeps it in his garden, were need- lefs. They profper very well in our Englilh gardens, yet are fitter for medicine than for any other profit which is gotten by the fruit of them. Governmftii and Virtues.'] The tree is under the domi- niou of Jupiter. The milk that iffueth out from the leaves of branches where they are broken off, being dropped upon, warts, taketh them away. The decoc- tion of the leaves is excellent good to wafh fore heads with ; and there is fcarcely a better reinedy for the le- profy than it is. It clears the face alfo of morphew, and the body ot white fern'f, fcabs, and running fores. If it be dropped into old fretting ulcers, it cleanJeth out the moillure, and bringeth up the flefh ; becaufe you cannot have the leaves green all the year, you may itiake an ointment of them whilft you may. A decoc- tion of the leaves being drank inwardly, or rather a lyrup made ot them, niffolves congealed blood caufed l)y bruifes or fails, and helps the bloody-flux. The afnes of the wood made into an ointment with hog’s grea.e, hedps kibes and chilblains. The juice being put into an hollow tooth, eafeth pain ; as alfo pain and none in the ears, being dropped in them, and deafnefs. An ointment made of the juice and hog’s greafe, is as excellent a remedy for the biting of mad dogs, or other venomous beaits, as moft are. A fyrup made of the leaves, or green fruit, is excellent good for coughs, hoarfenefs, or ftiortnefs of breath, and all difeafes olThe o excellent good for the dropfy weU . They fay that the Fig-tree, as if von ? 'n® w ismever hurt by lightning ; as alfo will quickly become tame and gentle. As lor fuch figs as come Itom beyond lea, I have little to fay, becaufe I “ write 124 ^he Englifli Phyjician Enlarged. write not of exoticks ; yet Ibmc authors fay, the eating of them makes people loufy. The yellow Water-Flag, or Flower-de-luce. De/cript. ^1 ' HIS groweth like the Flower-de-luce, but M. it hath much longer and narrower fad green leaves jointed together in that fafhion ; the ftalk alfo growing oftentimes as high, bearing fmall yellow flovN’ers fliaped like the Flower-de-luce, with three falling leaves, and other three arched that cover their bottoms ; but inltead of the three upright leaves, as the Flower- de-luce hath, this hath only three fhort pieces Handing in their places, after which I'ucceed thick and long three- fquare heads, containing in each part fomewhat big and flat feed, like thofe^ of the Flower-de-luce. 'I’he root is long and flender, of a pale brownifh colour oil the outfide, and of a horfe-flefh colour on the infidc, with many fibres thereat, and very harfh in talle. Place. It ufually grows in watery ditches, ponds, lakes, and moor-lides, which are always overflowed with waters. Time.l It flowereth in July, and the feed is ripe in Auguft. Government and Virtues.'\ It is under the dominion ot the Moon. The root of this Water Flag is very allrin- gent, cooling, and drying, and thereby helps all laxes and fluxes, whether of blood and humours, as bleeding at the mouth, nofe, or other parts, bloody-flux, and the immoderate flux of women’s courfes. 'I'he dillilled water of the whole herb, flowers and roots, is a fove- reign good remedy for watering eyes, both to be dropped into them, and to have cloths or fponges wetted therein, and applied to the forehead ; it alfo helpeth the fpots and blemilhes that happen in and about the eyes, or any other parts. The laid water fo- mented on fwellings, and hot inflammations of womens breafts, upon cankers alfo, and thofe fpreading ulcers called Noli me tangere, do much good. It helpeth alfo foul ulcers in the privities of man or woman ; but an ointment made of the flowers is better for thofe exter- nal applications. I • Flax- Englifh Phyjician Enlarged, 125 Flax-Weed, or Toad-Flax. common Flax-weed hath' dirers ftalks lull fraught with long and narrow alh- foloured leaves, and from the middle ot them almoft uftward, llored with a number of pale yellow flowers, of a Itrong unpleafant feent, \sith deeper yellow mouths, ami blackifh flat feed iit round heads. I he root is fomewhat woody and white, efpecially tlie main flownright one, with mail}' fibres, abiding many years, fliooiiiig forth roots every way round about, and new branches every year. Place.'\ 'I'his groweth throughout this land, both by the way-fides and in meadows, as all'o by hedge-fides, and ivpon the fitles of banks, and borders of fields. Time.'] It flowereth in Summer, and the feed is ripe tifually bel'ore the end of Augufl'. Gtnernment and Virtues.] iMars owns this herb. In Suflex we call it Gallwort, and lay it in our chickens water to cure them of the gall ; it relieves them when they are drooping. This is frequently ufed to fpend the abundance ofthofe watery humours by urine, which caufe the dropfy. The decoftion of the herb, both leaves and flowers, in wine taken and drank, doth fomewhat move the belly downwards, openeth obllruc- fions of the liver, and helpeth the yellow jaundice ; ex- [Jelleth poifon, provoketh womens courfes, driveth forth the dead child and after-birth. The dillilled wa- ter of the herb and flowers is effedlual for all the fame, purpofes ; being drank with a dram of the powder of the feeds of bark, or the roots of wall-wort, and a little cinnamon, for certain days together, it is held a fmgulai; remedy for the dropfy. The juice of the herb, or the dillilled water, dropped into the eyes, is a certain re- medy for all heat, inflammation, and rednefs in them. 'I’he juice or w'ater put into foul ulcers, whether they be cancerous or fiftulous, with tents rolled therein, or parts walhed and injeried therewith, cleanfeth them thoroughly from the bottom, and healeth them up fafe- ly. 'I'he fame juice or water alfo cleanfeth the flein wonderfully of all forts of deformity, as leprofy, mor- l>hew, feurf, wheals, pimples, or fpots, applied of itfell, or ufed with fome powder of Lupines. Flea. 126 The Englilh PhyJjcian Enlarged. Flea- Wort. J/^Rclinary Flea-wort rifeth up with a ftalk. t'vo feet high or move, full of joints anH branches on every fide up to the top, and at every joint two fmnll, long, and narrow whitifh green leaves fome- vvhnt hairy. At the top of every biaiich Hand di\^rs fmall, (liort, fcaly, or chaffy heads, out of which come forth fmall whitilh yellow threads, like to thofe of the plantain herbs, which dre the bloomings of flowers. The feed indofed in thefe heads is fmall and (hining while it is frelh, very like unto fleas both for colour and : biguefs, but turning black when it groweth old. The root is not long, but white, hard and woody, perifhing every year, and rifing again of its own feed for divers years, if it be fuffered to flied. The whole plant is fomew hat w hitiih and hairy ,fmelling fomew'hatlikerofiu. '1 here is another fort hereof, differing not from the former- in the manner of growing, but only that this ftalk and branches being fomewhat greater, do a little more bow- down to the ground. The leaves are fohre- what greater, the heads fomew'hat lefler, the feed alike ; : and the root and leaves abide all Winter, andperifli: not as the former. Place.l^ 'I'he firft groweth only in garden-, the fecond, plentifully in fields that are near thefea. Thne-I They flower in July, or thereabouts. Government and Virtues.^ The herb is cold,d^, and Sa-- turnine. I fuppofeit obtained the name of Flea-wort, , becaufe the feeds are like fleas. The feed fried, and! taken, ftayeth the flux or lalk of the belly, and the cor-- rofions that (^me by reafon of hot, choleric, orfliarpi and malignant humours, or by too much purging of any violent medicine, as Scammony, or the like. The mucilage of the feed made with rofe- water, and a little fugar-c'andy put thereto, is very good in all hot agues and burning fevers, and other inflammations, to cool the thlrll, and Icnify the drynefs and roughnels ol the tongue and throat. It helpeth hoarfenefs of the voice, and difeafes of the bread and lungs, caufed by heat, or fliarp fait humours, and the pleurify alfo. Uhe muci- lage of the feed made with plantain-water, whereunto the yolk of an egg or two, and a little populeon are put, is a mod fale and fure remedy to eafe the fliarp- uefs, prickiiig, and pains of the haemorrhoids, or piles, , The Englifh Phyfician Enlarged. 127 if it be laid o!i a cloth, and bound thereto. It helpeth all inflammations in any part of the body, and the pains that come thereb}' , as the head-ach and megrims, and all hot impollhumes, fwelUngs, or breaking out of the flcin, as blains, wheals, puibes, purples, and the like ; as alfo the joints of thofe that are out of joint, the pains of the goirt and fciatica', the buffling of young children, and the fwelling of the navel, apjdied with oil of rofes and vinegar. It is alfo good to heal the nipples and fore brealls of womeiij being oj'ten applied thereunto. The juice of the herb with a little honey put into the ears helpeth the running of them, and the worms breeding in them : the fame alfo mixed with hog’s greafe, and applied to corrupt and filthy ulcers, cleanfeth and heaJeth them. Fluxweed. Df/cnpt.l TT rifeth up with a round upright hard ftalk, JL four or five feethfgh, fp read into fundry branches, whereon grow many greyilh green leaves, Terj" finely cut and fevered into a number of Ihort and almoft round parts. The flowers are very fmall and vellow, grow'ing fpike fafliion, after which come fmall long pods, with fmall yelhnvHh feed in them. The root is long and w'oody, periflilng every year. There is another fort, differing in nothing, fave only it hath fomeVhat broader leaves ; they have a ftrong evil favour, being fmelied "unto, and are of a drying tajte. Place.] They flower wild in the fields by' hedge-fides and highways, and among rubbifh and other places. Time.] They flow^er and feed quickly after, namely, in June and July. (.jovernmetit and Pirtnes.] This herb is Satumbre alfo. Roth tue herb and feed ot h luxweed are of excellent ufe to flay the flux or lalk of the belly, being drank in water wherein gads of Reel heated have been often quenched; and it is no lels effedlual for the fame purpofe than plantain or comfrey, and to rellrain any other flux of blood in man or woman, as alfo to confolidate bones broken or out of joint. 'I'he juice thereof drank in wine, pr the decoaion of the he.-l> drank, doth kill the worms in the ilomach or b'elly, or the wmnns that grow in putrid and filthy ulcers ; and made into a falve doth c|yickly nc-al all old iore.^, how ioul, or malignant lb- ever they be. 'fhe dillilled water of tile herb worketh the 128 The Englifh Phyfician Enlarged. the fame cffefls, although fomewhat weaker, yet it is a fair niedidne, anti more acceptable to be taken. It is called Kluxwecd becaufe it cures the flux, and for its uniting broken hones, &c. Paracelfus extols it to the flties. It is fitting thatfyrup, ointment, and plaiflers of it were kept in yt)ur houfes. Flower-de-luce. IT is fo w'ell known, being nourilhed up in moft gar- dens, that I Ihall not need to fpend time in writing a deferiptlon thereof. Timt.'\ The flaggy kinds thereof have the moft phyfical ■nfes : the dwarf kinds thereof flower in April, the greater forts in May. Government and Virtuei.'l The herb is I.unar. The juice or decodlion of the green root of the flaggy kind of Flower-de-luce, with a little honey drank, doth purge aiul cleanfe the Itomach of grofs and tough phlegm and choler therein ; it heljieth the jaundice and the dropfy, evacuating thofe humours both upwards and down- wards; and becaufe it fomewhat hurts the ftomach, is not to be taken without honey and fpikenard. The fame being drank, doth eafe the pains and torments of the belly and fides, the ftiaking of agues, the difeafes ol the liver and fpleen, the worms of the belly, the ftone in the reins, convulfions and cramps that come of old humours; it alfo helps thofe whofe feed-pafl'eth from them unawares : it is a remedy agaiHll the bitings and ftingings of venomous creatures, being boiled in water and vinegar and drank ; boiled in water and drank, it provoketh urine, helpeth the colick, bringeth down womens courfes ; and made up into a pelTary with honey, and put up into the body, draweth lorth the dead child. It is much commeilded againft the cough, to expeflorate tough phlegm ; it much eafeth pains in the head, and procureth fleep ; being put into the noltrils, it procureth fneezing, and thereby purgeth the head ot phlegm ; the juice of the root applied to the piles oi htemorrhoids, giveth much eafe ; the decodUon of the roots gargled in the mouth, eafeth the tooth-ach, and helpeth a (linking breath. Oil called Oleum Irinum, it it be rightly made of the great broad flag I" lo\\ er-de- luce (and not of the green bulbus blue h lowcr-de-luce, as is ufed by fome apothecaries) and roots of the flagg) kind, is very eft’edlual to warm and comfort all cold joints The Englifh Phyftcian Enlarged. 129 aiul fmews, as alfo the gputaiul fciatica, and moUifieih, difTolveth, and confuineth tumours and fwellmgs in any part ol‘ tlie body, as aUb of the matrix ; it helpeth the cramp, or convulfions of the finews; the head ami temples anointed therewith, helpeth the catarrh, or thin rheum dillilled from thence ; and ufed upon the breall or ftomach, lielpeth to extenuate the cold tough phlegm ; it helpeth alfo pains and noife in the ears, and the llench of the nollrils ; the rootitfelf, either green or in powder, helpeth to cleanfe, heal, and incarnate wounds, and to cover the naked Ivones with flelh again, that ulcers have made bare ; and is alfo very good to cleanfe and heal up filtulas and cankers, that are hard to be cured. Fluellin, or Llucllin. Dcfcrift.^ 1 T (hooteth forth many long branches, partly I lying upon the ground, and partly ftanding upright, fet with alinotl red leaves, yet a little pointed, and fometimes more long and round, without order thereon, fomewh’at hairy, and of an evil greenilh white colour ; at the joints all along the flalks, and with the leaves come forth fmall flowers, one at a place, upon a very fmall Ihort foot-ftalk, gaping foinewhat like fnap- diagons, or rather like toad-flax, with the upper jaw ot a yellow colour, and the lower of a purplifli, with a fmall heel or fpur behind ; after which come forth fmall brown heads, containing fmall black feed. The root is fmall and thready, dying every year, and raifeth itfelf again of its own lowing. '[’here is another fort of Llucllin, which, hath longer branches, wholly trailing upon, the ground, two or three feet long, and foinewhat more thin, fet with leaves there- on, upon fmall foot-dalks. The leaves are a little larger, and I’omewhat round, and cornered fometimes in fome places on the edges ; but the lower part of them being the broadell, hath on each fide a fmall point, making it feein as it they were ears, fometimes hairy, but not hoary, ami a better green colour than the former. The flowers come forth like the former; but the colours therein are more white than yellow, and the purple n -t fo fair ; it is a large flower, and fo are the feed and feed veflTels. The root is like the other, and perilheth every year. Place.^ 1 hey grow in divers corn-fields, and in borders about them, and in other fertile grounds about Southfleet 130 Jhe Englifli Ph)jician Enlarged, in Kent, abundant; at Rucbrite, Hamerton, and Rich- ' manwortb in Huntingdonfhire, and in divers other places.' lime.'] They are in the flower about |une and July, and the whole plant is dry and withered bet’ore Augul't be done. Government and Virtues ] It is a Lunar herb. The leave? bruifed ahd applied with barley meal to watering eves that are hot and' inflamed by defluftions from the head, do very much help them, as alfo the fluxes of blood or humours, as the laflc, bloody-flux, women’s courfes, and flayeth all manner of bleeding at the nofe, mouth, or any other place, or that cometh by any bruife or hurt, or burlling a vein ; it wonderlully hclpeth all thofe inward parts that need confolidating or llrength- ening, and is no lefs efleCiual both to heal and clofe green wounds, than to cleanfe and heal all foul or olcf ulcers, fretting or fpreading can! well as in gardens. Time.'] It flowereth in May, for the moft part, and the feed ripeneth Ihortly after. Government and Virtues.] Saturn owns the herb, and prefcnts it to the world as a cure for his own difeafe, and ftrengthener of the parts of the body he rules. If by my altrological judgment of difeafes, from the decum- biture, you find Saturn author of the difeafe, or if by direflion from a nativit)’ ) ou fear a Saturnine difeafe approaching, you may by this herb prevent it in the one, and cure it in the other, and therefore it is fit you keep a fyrup of it always by you. The juice or fyrup made thereof, or the decodlion made in whey by itfelf, with fome other purging or opening herbs and roots to caufe it to work the better (itfelf being but weak) is veiy* ef- feftual for the liver and fpleen, opening the obftruftions thereof, and clariiying the blood from faltifli, cholerick, and aduft humours, which caufe leprofy, fcabs, tetters, and itches, and fuch like breaking out of the Ikin, and after the purgings doth llrengthen all the inward parts. It is alfo good again ll the yellow jaundice, and fpendeth it by urine, which it procureth in abundance. The pow- der of the dried herb given for fome time together^ cureth melancholv, but the feed is ftrongelt in operation for all the former difeafes. The diflilled water of the herb is alfo of good efTeft in the former difeafes, aud conduceth much againll the idagtie and peftilence, bein^ taken with good treacle. 'I he diftilled water alfo, with a little water and honey of roles, helpeth all the fores of the mouth or throat, being gargled often therewith. The juice dropped into the eyes, cleareth the fight, and taketh away reduefs ami other defeifts in them, although it procureth fome pain for the prcfent, and caufes tears. Diofcorides faith it hindereth any frelli fpringing ot haira on the eye-lids (after they arc pulled away) il the eye- 1 ij The Englifh Phyjtcian Enlarged, 1^3 lids be anointed with the juice hereof, with Gum Ara- bick diflolved therem. 1 he juice of the Fumitory aod Docks mingled with vinegar, and the places eentlv wafhed or w-et therewith, cureth all forts of fcahs^ pim- ple.w blotches, w^heals, and pulhes, wdiich arife oif the late or hands, or any other parts of the body. The Furz Bu/h. I T is as well known by this name, as it Is in fbme counties by the name of Gorz or AVhiiw, that I ..ot need ,o ,vri.e a„y defcriptio,, thercil being to teach my countrymen what they knLv latvn lTeCe“'' all counties of this land! grounds, in ^me.] They alfo flowerjn the Summer months Qo^-en,me»t ond Hnucs.] Mars owns the herb ai_e hot and dry, and open obftruaious of the A>ieen. A decoflion made with the fl m and bath been found effedual againft the iaundf'" ’ to provoke urine, and cleanfe the kidilies fron\ ^ ^°th alfo IL^Iy ■ Garlick, The offenfivenefs of the breath p- .1. , eaten Garlick wdll lead vr,i, 1 . knowledge hereof, and inllead^of a ^d ^be you to the place where t „„™, I ‘''='^■‘1!“°". fe whicfi Ihelpeth the biting of mad dovs courfes, ■creatures; killet^wo^ms voideth tough phlegm minreth th ' i^"’i ^“tfeth and oAargy, i/a ia,,f plX * 'L a„ ni^ "'<= for any plague, fore, or foul ulceV^ I t remedy -and blcmilhes in the fkin eafeth ’• tivvay fpots former. 134 77i^ Englin-i Phy/ician Enlarged. former, viz. it hat^i a fpecial quality to diCcufri incon- veniencies coming by corrupt agues or mineral vapours, or by drinking corrupt and linking waters ; as alio by taking wolf-bane, hen-bane, l\omlock, or <>ther poi- fonous and dangerous herbs. It is held good in hydio- pick difeafes, the jaundice, falling-ficknels, cramps, convulfions, the piles or hafinorrhoids or other cob difeafes. Many authors quote many difeales this is gootl for, but conceal its vices. Its heat is vefy vehement, and all vehement hot things fend up but dl-favoured wapours to the brain. In cholerick men it will add _ uel to the lire • in men oppreffed by melancholy, it will attenuate the humour, and fend up ftrong fancies, and as many flran-e vifions to the head ; therefore let U be taken in- wardly with great moderation ; outwardlj you may make more bold with it. Gentian, Felwort, or Baldmony. T T is confeffed that Gentia n , which is luo (I u fed ^ I us is brought over Irom beyond lea, vct\%e ha, mo f.irB of it growios rre purge corrupt phlegm and choler, which they do by drm^emg the decoduon of the roots; and fome, to make It more gentle, do but infufe the fliced roots in ale aiWl omc tate the laaves. which ferve well ih the weakc^ llomachs.^ 1 he juice hereof put up, or fnuflcd up the Hole, cau.ethfneezmg, and drawetli from the head much corruption ; and the powder thereof doth he hme 'he frouWel T’' wine, helpeth thVle that ublcd with Clamps and convulfioiis, or with the gout 3 %avl *38 ne Englifh Phyfidan Enlarged. and fciatica, and giveth cart- to thofe that hare gripine.- pains m their body and lieily. and helpeth tf ofe that have the Itvaiigury. It is given with much profit to thofe that have had long fluxes liy the fharp and evil quality of humours, which it ftayeth, having firft deanfed a^tid purged them by the drying and Ijindlng property therein. 1 he root boiled in wine and drank, doth el- feftually procure womens courfes ; and ufed as a pef- lary, worketh the fame effeft ; but caufelh abortion in women with child. Half a dram of the feed beaten to powder, and taken in vvine, doth fpeedily caufe one to pifs, which otherwife cannot. The fame taken with" v'inegar, diffolveth the hardnefs and fwellings of the fplcen. The root is efFeflual in all w'ounds, efpecially of the head ; as alfo to draw forth any fplinters, thorns, or broken bones, or any other thing Iticking in the fiefh, without caufing pains, being ufed with a little verdi- greafe and hooey, and the great Centaury root. The fame boiled in vinegar, and laid upon any tumour or fwelling, doth ve"y eficflually dilfolve and confume them ; yea, even the fweHings of the throat, called the king’s evil ; the juice of the leaves or roots healeth the Itch, and all running or fpreading fcabs, fores, blemilhes, «r fears in the Ikin, wherefoever they be. Golti^ Rod. ,/)c/2-v.’/r. r.rifeth up with brownilh fmall round 1 nils, two feet high, and fometimes more, liaving thereon many narrow and long dark green leaves, very feldom with any dents about the edges, or any llalks or white fpors therein, yet they are fome- times fo^ found di\ided at the tops into many fmall branched, with divers fmall yellow flowers on every one of them, all which are turned one way. and being ripe, do turn into down, and are carried away by the w'ind. The root confifts of many fmall fibres, which grow not deep in the ground, butabideih all theV\ in- ter therein, fhooting forth new branches eve y year, the old one lying down to the ground. F!ace."\ It groweth in the open places of woods and copies, both moill and dry grounds, in many places ot this land. T/wc.] It flowereth about the month of .Inly. Go^ernmtnt aad Firtuet.^ V^eiuis claims the heib, and therciorc to be furc it relpeCls beauty loll. Arnoldus du The Englifh Phyftdan Enlarged. 139 de Villa Nova commeiuls it much, agalnft the ftone 111 the reins aivl kiilnies, ami to provoke urine in abun- dance, whereby all'o all thd grav^el and Hone inay be voidel. 'fhe 'decoftion of the herb, green or dry, or the diililled water thereof, is very efFeftual for inward brui.es ; as alft) to be outwardly applied, it Itayeth bleeding in any part of the body, and of wounds ; alio the fluxes of humours, 'the bloody flux, and tvonvens. coU'fes i and is n.') lels prevalent in all ruptiues or burltings, being drank inwardly, and outwaidly ap- plied. It is a fovereign wound herb, inferior to none, both for inward and outward Iiurts ; green wounds, old fores and ulcers, are quickly cured therewith. It alfo is of efpecial life in all lotions for fores or ulcers In the mouth, throat, or prK^y parts in man or woman. ’J’he decoriion alfo helpeth to fatten the teeth that are loofe in the gums. Goutwort, or Herb Gerrard. . De/cript.'] TT is a low herb, feldom rifmg half a 3'ard X high, having fundry leaves Handing on brownifli green (talks by three, fnipped about, and of a ftrong unpleafant favour ; the umbdls of the flowers are ■white, and the feed blackilh, the root runneth in the ground, quickly taking a great deal of room. ! It groweth by hedge and wal!-fides, and often it) the b irder aixl, corners of fields, and in gardens alfo. Time ] It flowereth and feedoch about* the end Of July. Governmeni and Virtuei ~] Saturn rules it. Neither , is it to be fuppofed Goutwort hath its name for nothing, but upon e.xperiment to heal the gout and fciatica ; as alfo joint-achs, and other cold griefs. The very bearing of it al)out one cafeth the pains of the gout, and defends him that bears it from the difeafe. Gromcl. OF this I (hall briefly deferibe their kinds, which are principally ufed in jihyfic, the virtues whereof are alike, though fomewhat different in their manner and form of growing. Defeript.] 'I'he greater Groinel groweth up with Hear der and hard hairy llalks, trailing and taking root in the ground as it lieth there m, and parted into many other (mall branches, with liairy dark green leaves tl.4 thereon. 14° T-^^Engli(h Phyjician Enlarged. frrTaTl^hinr."fl^ the joints with the leaves come forth very S ^iter them hard ftony roimdifh ^^*fv ^ IS long and woody, abiding the Winter and fhooteth forth IVerh ftalks in the Spring hnrd'r ^™mel fendcth 1^ r h di vers upright hard blanched ftalks, two or three feet high, full of .lomts, at every of which groweth fmall, long, hard, and rough leaves like the former, but leffer f among which leaves come forth fmall white flowers, and afte“ em greyifh round feed like the former ; the root is not veiy big, but with many Ihings thereat. ^ 1 he garden Gromel hath divers upright, flender, woodjs -hairy ftalks, blown -and creffk, very little blanched, with leaves like the former, and white flowers ; alter which, in rough brown hulks, is contained a white, hard, round leed.fhining like pearls, and greater than either ol the former; the root is like the firil: delcribed, 'wth divers blanches and fprigs thereat, which con- tinueth (as the firft doth) all the V\ inter. Place.'\ 1 he two firft grow wild in barren or untilled places, and by the waj-fides in many places of this land. 1 he laft is a nuriling in the gardens of the eurious. J hey ail flower from Midfummer until Sep- tember foir.etiaies, and iu the n.ean time the feed ripeneth. Gcnjirument axd Firtves.'\ The herb belongs to Dame Venus ; and therefore ifMars caufe the colick or Hone, as ulualiy he tloth, it in \ irgo, this is your cure. Thefe are accounted to be of as fingular force as any herb or feed whatfoei er, to break the Itoneand to void it, and the gravel either in the reins or bladder ; as alfo to- pro- voke urijie being Itoppcd, and to help the llranguiy. The feed Is of greatell ufe, being bruiled and boiled in white wine, or in broth, or the like, or the powder of the feed taken therein. Two dran s of tlie feed in pow4er taken with womens breall-milk , is very ofi'ec- tual to procure a Ipeedy delivery to fiich \n oir.cn as have fore jiains in tlicir travail, and camu.t be uelivered. The herb itl'elf (\\ l.cn the iced is not to be had) cither boiled, or the Juice tlicreof drank, is cflcdiual to all the purpotes aforeiaid, but not fo powcriul and fpeedy in operation. Goofe- The Englifh Fhyfician Enlarged. 141 Goc5feberry-Bu(li. CALLED alfo Feapberry, and in SufTex Dewberry- Bu(h, and in fome counties Wineberry. Government and Virtues.^ Fliey are under the domi- nion ofVenus. The beiries, while they are unri.je, being fcalded, or baked, are good to ftir up a fainting, or decayed appetite, efpecially fuch whofe ftomacHs are afflifted by cholerick humours ; they are excellent good to (lay longings of women with child. You may keep them preferved with fugar all the year long. The dec J 'lion of the leaves of the tree cools hot fvvellings ahil indainmarions ; a ; alfo St. Anthony’s fire. The ripe Goofeberries bun ; eaten, are an excellent remedy to allay the violent heat both of the ftomach and liver; I he young tender leaves break the Hone, and expel gravel both Irom the kidnies and bladder. All the evils they do to the Ixuly of man is, they are fuppofed to breed crudities, and- by crudities, worms. Winter-Green. De/cript l'"I ■'MIS fends forth fcven, eight, or nine -I leaves Irom a fmall brown creepin»’ rooti every one Handing upon along foot-Halk, which are almoH as broad as long, round-pointed, of a fad green colour, and hard in handling, and like the leaf of a Pear-tree ; Irom whe:ice arifeth a flender weak Halk yet. ifandmg upright, bearing at the top many fmall white Iweet-lmcdlmg flowers, laid open like a Har, confiHino- of five round-pointed leaves, with many yeUowifS. threads Handing in the midd'e about a green head, and a long Halk with them, which being ripe, is found live- at it, wherein is eontaincT^ It growetl. feldom in fields, but Sequent iii the woods northwards, in \ork(liire, Laiicalhire and Scotland. '■ume, Time.^ It flowereth about June and July. Gt.'\ common Henbane hath very large, thick, fol’t, woolly leaves, lying on the ground, much cut in, or torn on the edges, of a dark, ill greyilh green colour ; among which arife u() divers thick and Ihort llalks, two or three leethigh, fpread into divers fmall branches, with Idler leaves on them, and many hollow flowers, fcarce a[)(^earing above the hulk, and ufually torn on one fide, ending in five round points. 150 The Englifii Phyjtcian Enlarged. points, growing one above another, of a deadifh yel- lowith colour, fomewhat paler towards the edges, with many purplilh veins therein, and a dark, yellowilh pur- ple ia the bottom of the flower, with a linall point of the lame colour in the middle, each of them Handing in a hard clofe hulk, which after the flowers are pafl, groweth very like the hulk of Afarabacca, and fomewhat lharp at the top points, wherein is contained much finall feed, very like Poppy feed, but of a dulky, greyilh co- lour. The root is great, white and thick, branching forth divers ways under ground, fo like a Parfnip root (but that it is not fo white) that it hath deceived others. The whole plant, more than the root, hath a very heavy, ill, foporii’erous irnell, fomewhat ofFenfive. P'lace.'] It commonly groweth by the way-fides, and under hedge-fuies and walls. Time ] It flowereth in .July, and fpringeth again yearly of its own feed. I doubt my authors miltook July for June, if not for May. Government and Virtue}?^ I wonder how aftrologers could take on them to make this an fierb of Jupiter ; and yet Mezaldus, a man of a penetrating brain, was of that opinion as well as the reft ; the herb is indeed un- der the dominion of Saturn, and 1 prove it by this ar- gument : All the herbs which grow in Saturnine places, are Saturnine herbs. But Henbane delights moll to grow in Saturnine places, and whole cart loads of it . may be found near the places where they empty the common Jacks, and fcarce a ditch to be found without it growing by it. Ergo, it is an herb of Saturn. Ihe leaves of Henbane do cool all hot inflammations in the eyes, or any other part of the body ; and are good to aflTuage all manner of fwellings ol the fods, or womens breads, or elfewhere, if they be boiled in wine, and either applied the ml'elves, or the fomentation \vann ; it alfo alTuageth the pain of the gout, the fciatica, and other pains in the joints which arife trom a hot caufe. And applied with vinegar to the forehead and temples, helpeth the head-ach and want ol fleep in hot levers. The juice of the herb or feed, or the oil drawn Irom the feed, does the like. The oil ol the leed is helptul for deal- nefs, noife, and worms in the ears, being dropped therein ; thejuice of the herb or root doth the lame. 1 he decotUon of the herb or feed, or both, killeth lice in man The Englifli Phyfician Enlarged, 151 manorbeaft. The fume of the dried herb, (lalks and feed, burned, quick!)’ healeth fwellings, chilblains or kibes in the hands or feet, by holding them in the fume thereof. The remedy to help thofe that have taken Henbane is to drink goat’s milk, honeyed water, or pine kernels, with fweet wine ; or. in the abfence of thefe, Feiiiiel-feed, Nettle-feed, the feed of CrelTes, Mudard, or RadiPi ; as alfo Onions or Garliclc taken in wine, do all help to free them from danger , and re (lore them to their due temper again. y^'ake notice, that this herb mud: never be taken in- wardly; outwardly, an oil, ointinent, or plaider of it, is moil admirable for the gout, to cool the venereal heat of the reins in the French pox; to Hop the tooth- ach, l^eing applied to the aching fide; to allay all in- flammations, and to help the difeafes before premiled. Hedge HyflTop. De/cript.'\ I VERS forts there arc of this plant; the ' fird of which is an Italian by birth, and only nurfed up here in the gardens of the curious. Two or three forts are found commonly growing wild here, the defeription of two of which I fliall give you. The fird is a fmooth, low plant, not a foot high, very bitter in tade, with many fquare dalks, di verily branched from t'.e bottom to the top, \\ ith diVers joints, and two finall leaves at each joint, broader at the bottom than they are at the end, and full of veins. The flowers dand at the joints, being of a fair purple colour, with fo me white fpots in them, in fadiion like thofe of dead nettles. I'iie feed is fmall and yellow, and the roots fpreadmuch under ground. The fecond feldom groweth half a foot high, fending up ninny fmall branches, whereon grow many fmall leaves, let one againd the other, fomewhat broad, but very Ihort. The flowers are like the flowers of the other in lalhion, but of a pale reddiih colour. The leetfs are fmall and yellowifh. Tlie root fpreadeth like the other, neither will it yield to its fellow one ace of bitternefs. Place.} They grow in wet low grounds, and by the vvater-iides ; the lad may be found among the boas on Hampdead Heath. Time.} 152 The Fnglifti Phy/ician Enlarged. Time.l They flower in June ancTJuly, and the feed is ripe prefemly alter. Gcvernmint and Virtues.] They are herbs of Mars, and as choleric and churliih as he is, being moft violent purges, elpecially of cholerand phlegm. It is nut fai'e takmg them inwardly, unlefs they be well red'lified by t|ie art ol the alchyn.ill;, and only the purity of them given; fo u led they may be very helpful both for the dropfy, gout, and fciatica; outwardly ufed in ointments they kill worms, the belly anointed with it, and are e.\- cellent good to cleaiife old and hlthy ulcers. Black Hellebore. IT is alfo called Setter-wort, Setter-grafs, Bear’s- foot, Chriilmas-herb, and Chrillmas-flower. Dfjcript.'] It hath fundry fair green leaves rifing from the root, each of them, ftanding about an handful high from the earth ; each leaf is divided into feven, eight, or nine parts, dented from the middle of the leaf to the point on both fides, abiding green all tlie M inter ; about Chriflmas-time, if the weather be any thing tem- perate, the flowers appear upon foot-Ilalks, alio con- fining of five large, round, white leaves a-piece, which fometimes arej)urple towards the edges, with many pale yellow thumbs in the middle ; the leeds are divided into leveral cells, like thofe 01 Columbines, fave only that they are greatei;;'the feeds are in colour black, and in form, long“Snd round. 'I'he root confifteth ol num- berlefs blaclri'h firings all united into one head. 'I here is another Black Hellebore, which grows up and down in the \r oods very li. e this, but only that the leaves are ■Imalier and narrower, and periih in the Winter, which this doth not. fiace.] The firfi is maintained in gardens. Thefecond is commonly found in the uoods in Northamptonlhiro. '■Time.'] ihe hrlt Howereth in December or January; tl’.e fecoiid in hebruary or Mare.;. Goxtrnmcnt and f'iriucs.^ It is an herb of Saturn, and thereicre no marvel if it hath fome fullen contlitions with it, and would be tar finer, being purified by the art of the alchymill, than given raw. If any have tacen any harm by taking it, the common cure isiotatvo goat’s milk; 11' you caniioL get goal’s milk, you mull make a Ihift w ilh luch as you c.ui get. Tlie roots are \eiy cffeitual The Englifh Phyfician Enlarged. 153 cffeflual againll all melancholy difeafes, efpecially fuch as are of long Handing, as quartan agues and madnefs ; it helps the falling ficknefs, the leprofy, both the yellow and black jaundice, the gout, fciatica, and convulfions ; and this was found out by experience, that the root of that which groweth wild in our country, wor^.s not f(j cluirlifhly as thofe do which are brought from beyond fc.i, as being maintained by a more temperate air. The root, ufed as ajieflarj’-, provokes the terms exceedingly ; alfo beitig'beaten'into powder, and ftrewed upon I'oul ulcers, it confuines the dead flelh, and inldantly heals them; nay, it will help gangrenes in the beginning. Twenty grains taken inwardly is a fufficieat dofe lor one time, and let that be corredled witlt half fo much cinnamon; countr}’- people ufed to rowel their cattle with it. If a bead be troubled with a cough, or have taken any p >ifon, they bore a hole through his ear, and put a piece of the root in it, this will help him in 24 hours time. Many other ufes larriers put it to, whicli 1 ftiall forbear. Herb Robert. DTript.'\ T r rifeth up with areddiih ftalk, two feet 1 high, having divers leaves tliercon upon very long and reddilh foot-ltalks, divided at the ends into three or five divifions, each of them cut in on the edges, fome deeper tlian otliers, and all dented likewi e about the edges, which fometimes turn reddiih. At the t ’ps of the llalkscome forth divers flowers made of five leaves, much larger than the dove’s-foot, .and a more reddiih colour ; after which come back heads, as in otficr.s. 'i'hc root is fmall and thready, and fmelletli as the whole plant, very llrong, almoll liinking. Place.] This groweth freiiuently everywhere by the way-fides, upon ditch banks and walte grounds w herer foever one goeth. Time.] It fiow'ercthin June and July chiefly, and the feed is ripe fhortly after. Government andyirtuei,] It is under the dominion of V enus, Herb Robert is commended dot only a< ainll the Hone, but to flay blood, where or howfoever'tlow- fiig; it Ipeedily healeth all green wounds, and is effec- tual m old u.cers in the privy parts, or elfewhere. You may i54 Englifli Phyfician Enlarged. may perfuade yourlell this is true, and alfo conceive a- good reafon lor it, do but confider it is an herb of Venus,, for all it hath a man’s name. Herb True*Iove, or One-berry. iJe/?;-///.] /^Rdinary Herb True-love, hath a fmall: creeping root running under the upper- mod cruft of the ground, fomewhat like couch-grafs- root, but not fo white, fliooting forth ftalks with leaves,, fome whereof carr}'- no berries, the others do ; eveiy llalk fmooth without joints, and blackilh green, rifing. about half a foot high, if it bear berries, otherwife fel- dom fo high, bearing at the top four leaves fet diredtly one agaiuft anotl er, in manner of a crofs or ribband, tied (as it is called, in a true-loves knot, wdiich are each of them apart fomewhat like unto a night-ihade leaf,, but fomewhat broader, having fcmetimes three leaves,, fometimes five, loinetimes fix, and thofe fometimes> greater than in others, in the' middle of the fourleaves- rifeth up oUe fmall fle'nder flajk, about an inch high,, bearing at the tops thereof one flower fprea-1 like a liar,, confining of four fmall and long narrou -pointed leaves, of a yellowilh green colour, and four ot' .ers lying be-- tween them lelfer tlian they ; in the middle whereol Hands a round dark pur])lilh button or head, compalfed about with eight fmall yellow mealy threads v, ith tlirce.' colours, making it the more confpicuous, and lovely toj behold. 1 his button or head in the middle, when the. other leaves are withered, becometh a blackifli purpU berry, full of juice, of the bignefs of a reafonablt. grape, having within it many white feeds. The whole-; plant is without any mauifelt talie. Place. 1 It groweth in woods and copfes, and fome-- times in the corners or borders of fields, and walit groundsill very many places of this land, and abun-- dantly in the w'oods, copfes, and other places about Chiflehurft, and Maidllone in Kent. Time.] They fpiiu.-; up in the middle of April or May., ami are in flow er foon after. The berries are ripe it: ■ the end of May, and in fome places in June. Government and Venus owns it ; the leaves or berries hereof are effedtual to expel poifon of all forts , efpecially that of the aconites ; as alfo, the plague, ant i other pellilential diforders: Malthiolus faith, that fonu tha Ihe Fnglifh Thyftcian Enlarged. ' T55 that have lain long in a lingering ficknefs, and others that by witchcraft (as it was thought) were become half fooUlh, by taking a dram of the feeds or berries hereof ill powderevery day for zo days together, were reftored to their former health. The roots in powder taken in wine, eafeth the pains of the colick fpeedil}". The leaves are very eifedual, as well for green wounds^ as t ) cleanfc and heal up filthy old fores and ulcers ; and is very pow'er.’ul to difcufs old tumours and fwellings in tlje cods, privy parts, the groin, or in any part of the bod}', and fpeediiy to allay all inflammations. The juice of the leaves applied to felons, or thole nails of the hands or toes that have impolthumes or fores ga- thered together at the roots of them, healeth them in a fhort fpace. The herb is not to be defcribeJ for the premifes, but is fit to be nourilhed in every good wo- inan’s garden. YSSOP is fo well known to be an inhabitant In every garden, that it will faveme labour in writing a defcription thereof. The virtues are as follow : 9 emteraiure and d’he herb is Jupiter’s, and the fign C’ance •. It ftrengthens all the parts of the body under Cancer and Jupiter ; which what they may be, is - found amply difcourfed in my allrological judgment of di.eafcs. IJiofcorides faith, that Hylfop boiled with rue and honey, and drank, helpeth thole that are troubled with coughs, fhortnefs of breath, wheezing and rheumatic dilliiiations upon the lungs ; taken alfo with oxymel, it purgeth grofs humours by dool ; and with honey killeth worms in the belly ; and with frefh and new figs bruifed, helpeth to loofeii the belly, and • more f ircibly, if the root of Flower-de-luce and Crefles be added thereto. It amendeth and cherifheth the native colour of the body, fpoiled by the yellow jaundice; and being taken with figs and nitre, helpeth the dropfy and fpleen ; being boiled with wine, it is good to walh inflammations, and taketh away the black and blue fpots and marks that come by llrokfes, bruifes, or falls, being applied with warm water. It is an excellent medicine for the quinfey, or fvvclling in the throat, to walh and prgle it, being boiled in figs ; it helpeth the tooth-.ach, being boded vvith vinegar and gargled therewith. J'he hot vapours ot the decodtion taken by a funnel in at HyfTop. the 156 Tht ^Inglifli Phyjtcian Enlarged. the ears, eafeth the inflammations and Tinging noife of them. Being b.ruifed, and alt, honey, and cummin-feed put to it, helpcth thole that are (lung by ferpents. The oil thereof (the bead being anointed) killeth lice, and taketh away itching of the head. It helpeth thofe that have the falling-ficknefs, which w'ay foeverit be applied. It helpeth to expeiSlorate tough ^ihlegm, and is effetlual in all cold griefs, or di'eafes of the chells or lungs, be- ing taken either in fyrup or licking medicine, d'he green herb bruifed, and a little fugar applied thereto, doth quickly heal any cut or green wounds, being there- unto applied. Hops. These, are fo well known, that they need no de- feription ; I mean the manured kind, which every good hulband orhoufewife is acquainted w'ith. Defeript.^ This wild hop groyeth up as the other doth, raniping upon tree's or hedges that (land next to them, with rough branches and leaves like the tormer, but it giveth fmaller heads, and in far lefs plenty than it, fo that there is .carce a head or two feen in a year on divers of this wnld kind, wherein confilieth the c iet diflerence. PlaceP^ They delight to grow in low moift grounds, and are found in all parts of this land. ’Time.'\ They fpring not up until April, and flower not until the latter end ot June ; the heads are not gatherej until the middle or latter end of September. Government and Virtues.] It is under the dominion of Mars. This, in phyfical operations, is to open obllruc- tions of the liver and- fpleen, to cleanfe the blood, to loofen the belly, to cleanfe the reins from gravel, and provoke urine. The decodlion of the tops of Hops, as well of the tame as the wiki, worketh the faii.e eftedls. In cleanfing the blood they help to cure the French dif- eafe.andall manner of fcabs, itch, and other breakings- out of the body; as alfo all tetters, ring-worms, and fpreading foies ; the morphew, and all difcolouring ot the Ikin. 'J''he decodlion of the flowers and tops do help to expel poifon that any one hath drank. Halt a dram oi the feed in p,o\vtler taken in drink, killeth worms in the body, bringeth down womens courfes, and expelleth urine. A fyrup made ofthe juice and lu- uar, curelh the yellow jaundice, eafeth the head-ach that = * j - rome* The Englifli Phyfician Enlarged. 1^7 conies oF heat, and tempereth the heat oF the liver and • Itoniach, and is profkahly given in long and hot agues that rite in choler and blood. Both the wild and the niannred are oF one property, and alike effedual in all the alorelaid dileafes. By all theFe teftimonies beer a])pears to be better than ale. Mars owns the plant, and then Dr. Reafon will tell 3 ou how it perFonns ihefe adlions. Horehound. OMMON Horehound gfoweth up with t.- 1, r ^ i or two feet high, fet at the jornts with two round crumpled roiio-h leaves of a Fullen hoary green colour, oF a reafona^le po( fcent, but a very bitter talle. The flowers are bnall, white, and gaping, fet in a rough, hard pricklv hulk round about the joints, with the leaves ift the mid- die of the iialk upwards, wherein afterwards is found Imall rouiul biackilh teed. The root is blackilh, hard and woody, u it.i many llrings, and abideth many years TW.J Jt.is lound in many parts of this land in drJ grounds, and walle green jdaces. ’ ^ AuBuii? ‘‘ «nJ the fccj is ripe i,', Go^erm; anj Virtues.-] It is an herb of Mercury A decoaion o! the dried herb, wnth the Feed, or the'^^inice ot the green herb taken with hoiiev is a ivma F r thole that are fliort-winded. have a cough, or are lallen into a comum|>tt'.;n, eith(trt!irouaii lomMii-l-nAr. ^ liillillations ot rheum ujjon the lum's. °lt heluethT ^ the roots ot Ins or Orris. Jt is peneth by degrees as the flowers do blow, which confilt of fmall purplilh red leaves of a dead colour, rifing out of the hulks w herein they Hand with fome threads in the middle. It hath fi)metimes a white flower. i\ttei the floweis ai_e pail, there Cometh rough flat feed, with a final! pointle in 4:lie middle, eafily cleaving to any garment that it toucheth, and not lb eafily pulled oft again. 1 he loot is biack, thick, and long, hard to break, and full ot clammy luice,' fmelUng ib me what firong, of an evil feent, as the leaves alfo do. i • PlaceJX It groweth in moilt places oi tins land, in - walle grounds and untilled places, by highway-fides, lanes, and hedge-fides. - i .i r i Time.l It flowereth aoout May or .June, and the leed is ripe fliort'y alter. ^ i ,i i ■ Government and Virtua ] It i.> a plant under the domi- nion of Merc ny. 'L’lie root is \ery effeaually uled in iiills as well as the dccotllon, or otlierw ife, to Hay all fharp and thin defluaions of rheum from the head into the eves or nofe, or ui>on the llomach or lungs, as alio for coughs and Ihortnefs of breath. The leaves boded in wine (faith Diofeorides, but others do rather appoint it to be made with water, and do adi.] pOM.MON St. John’s Wort (hooteth forth r ^ - ^ brovviulh, uprij^ht, hard round 'talks, two feet high, Ipreading branches from the fides up to the tops of them, with two fmall leaves fet one a-aiufi another at every place, which are of a deep green cedour, fomewhat like the leaves ot the leflbr Cen aurv but n-xe- i"“ '"'.‘■'"f i'> --7 be fo v\ ell perceived as when they ate held up to the fiov'w r f f’fi l>i-anches (tanllycllow in t le nd 1 11'"' threads lithe mid lie, wmch being brmfevl, do yield a reddifh 3 juice tS'2 The Englifh Phyfician Enlarged. juice like blood ; after v\ bich, come fniall round headf?, , ■wherein is contained Imall blackifh feed 'finelling like rofin. The root is haivl ainl wood}', with divers firings and fibres at it, of a brownifh colour, which abideth in the ground many years, (h'aoting knew every Spring. P/ace.'\ Thif: grow'eth in woods and copfes, as well thofe that are lhady, as open to the fun. They flower about IVIidfummer arrd July, and their feed is ripe about the latter end of July or Augull. Go'vernmetit and Pn/nes.] It is under the celeflial fign Leo, and the dominion of the Sun. It may be, if you meet a Papifl, he will tell you, efpecially if he be a lawyer, that St. .lohn made it over fj him by a letter of attorney. If is a Angular wound herb ; boiled in wine and drank, it healeth inward hurts or bruifes ; made into an ointment, it opens* obftruftions, dilTolves fwel- lings, and clofes up the lips of wounds. The decoftion of the herb and flowers, efpecially ot the feed, being drank in wine, with the juice of knot-grafs, heipeth all manner of vomitting anti fnittiiig oi blood* is good lov thofe that are bitten or Hung by any venomous crea- ture, and for thofe that cannot make water. Two drains of the feed of St. john’s Wort made into powder, and drank in a little' broth, doth gently expel choler or congealed blood intheftomach* The decoflion of the leaves and feeds drank fomewhat vvarm before the fits of a«-ues, whether they be tertians or quartans, alters the fits, and, by often ufing, doth take them quite away. The feed is much commended, being drank for forty- days together, to help the fciatica, the falling-fickneis, and the palfy. Ivy. IT is well known, to every child almoH, to grow m woods upon the trees, and upon the Hone-walk ot churches, houies, &c. and lomctmies to grow alone ot itfelf. though but feldom. , , . • 7'rWie.] ifflowereth not until July, and not ripe till Chritl mas, when they have tell winter Saturn A pugil of the Howers, 'A'hich may I>e ‘‘bo a (faith Diofcori.les) drank twice a day m rexl u . e, iefretffe lafle and bloody-fiux. h ts an enemy to the The Englifh Phyjician Enlarged. 163;. ner\'es and finews, being much taken inwardly, but very helpful unto them, being out\^ ardly applied. Tliny faith, the yellow berries are good againft the jaundice ;■ and ta- ken before one be fet to drink hard, preferveth from drnnkennefs, and helpeth thofethat fpit blood ; and the white berries beingtaken inwardly, or applied outwardly, killeth the worms iir thebelly. The berries arp a fmgular remedy to prevent the plague, asalfo to free them from it that have got it, by drinking the berries thereof made into powder, for two or three days together. They be- ing taken in wine, do certainly help to break the ftone, provoke urine, and womens courfes. Tlie frefh leaves of Ivy boiled in vinegar, and applied warm to the fides- of thofe that are troubled with the fple'en, ach, or ftitch in the (ides, do give much eafe : the fame applied with' Rofe-water, and oil of Rofes, to the temples and fore- head, eafeih the head-ach, though it be of long, con- tinuance. The frefli leaves boiled in wine, and old filthy ulcei-s, hard to be cured,, wafhed therewith, do- vvonderfully help to cleanfe them : italfo quickly healeth green w'bunds, and is effeftual to heel all burnings and fcatdings, and all kinds of exulcerations coming thereby, or by fait phlegm or humours in other parts of the body. The juice of the berries or leaves fnufFed up into the nofe, purgeth the head and brain of rheum that maketh defluxions into the eyes and nofe, and curing the ulcers and Itench therein ; the fame dropped into the ears, helpeth the old and running fores of them ; thofe that are troubled w'ith the fpleen, (hall find much eafe by con- tinual drinking out of a cup made of Ivy, fo as the drink may Hand fome finall time therein be ore it be drank. Cato faith, That wine put into the cup, will foak through it, by reafon of the antipathy that is between them. jl here feems to be a very great antipathy between w'ine and Ivy ; for if one hath got a furfeit l/y drinking of wine, his fpeedieft cure is t.) drink a draught of the fame wine, wherein a handful of Ivy leaves, being firll bruifed, have been boiled. For to give known, is Juniper Bufli. a defeription of a bu(h fo commonly necdlefs. 1 4 Plact.^ 1^4 The Englifh Thyfidan Enlarged. ] They ^Tovv plentifully in divers woods m Kenu V\ arney Common, near Brentford, in f^ex ; upon l!, hard by thexLw- ^iind \\ ells near Dulwich, upon a Common between M,tchaniandC,roy, and lalling- kidiiev- The Englifli Phy/tcian Enlarged; 165 Kidney wort, or Wall Pennyroyal, or Wall Pennywort. Defcript.'] TT hath manv thick, flat, and round leaves X growing from the root, every one having a long footllalk, faltened underneath, about the middle of it, aiul a little unevenly weaved fometimcs about Ae edges, of a pale green colour, and fomewhat yellow bn the. upper tide like afaucerj from among which arife one or m >re tender, fmooth, hollow Italks, half, a foot high, with two or three fmall leaves thereon, ufually not round as thofe below, but fomewhat long, and di- \ ided at the edges ; the tops are fomewhat divided into long branches, bearing a number oi’ flowers, fet round, about a long fpike one above another, which are hol- low like a little bell -, up before Winter, if it have moillure. The root is round and moll ufually fmooth, greyilh without, and^ w hite within, having fmall fibres at' the -head of the n>ot, and botU)in of the llalk. PJace.] It groweth veiy plentifully in many places in tlu> land, but elpecially in all the well parts thereof, upon Itone and i< «’.l walks, upon rock.'i alfo, and in Itony places upon the ground, at the bottom of old trees, and fome- tuiies on the Imdies of them that are decayed and rotten. Time.] it uluallv flowereth in the beginnino- of May and the feed ripeneth qiiicklV after, (heddeth Itfelf • ii>’ that about the end of May, ufually the leaves and llalks are withen'd, dry, and gone until September, and the leaves fprmg up again, aiul fo abide all Winter. Goveriime,., and T in ue, J V.-ivus challeugeth the herl> under I.ioia. I he juice or tlie diliilled water beiivr drank r. very efleiuial lor all iiiflamiuatious and uuna- tui.il .i^s, to cool a lamtiug hot Ilomach,. a hot liver or the bowels : the herb, mice, or dilUlled water there- oi, outvvaroly aiiplied, h. aleth pimples, St. Anthony’s fire, and otlicr outward heats. 1 he faid juice or wamr helpeth to lieal lore kuluics, torn or iretKul by 'the ^ ^ no 1 66 I'he EngTifh Phyjician Enlarged. no lefs efFeiftual to give eafe to pains of the gout, the fciatica, and the inBammations and fwellir\gs in the cods; it helpeth the kernels or knots in the neck or throat, called the king’s evil ; healing kibes and chil- blains if they be bathed with the juice, or anointed with ointment made thereof, and fome of the (kin of the leat Ufjpn them ; it is alfo ufed in green wounds to flay the blood, and to heal them quick!}’-. Knapweed. Defcript. common fort hereof hath many long: _i and fomewhat broad dark green leaves, rlfing from the root, dented about the edges, and fome- times a little rent or torn on both fides in .two or three places,, and fomewhat hairy withal ; amongft which Arifeth a long round ftalk,Xour or five feet high, divided into many branches, at the tops whereof Itand fcaly green heads, and from the middle of them thrult forth a number of dark purplHh red thrumbs or threads, which a'ter they are withered and paft, there are found divers black feeds, lying in a great deal of down, fome- tvhat like unto Thiftle feed, but fmaller ; the root is white, hard and woody, and divers fibres annexed there- unto, which perifheth not, but abideth with leaves there- on all the Winter, Ihooting out frefli every Spring. Place A Itgrowethin moft fields and mohdorss, and about their borders and hedges, and in mau}t waite O’* ^^^GoveZmn^a^^l^lrtuej.] Saturn challengetdi the herb r ^ nra“, M 'S , L'Xtifc a., a U proft. S' fo, ^hofa^that are burften, and have ruprures, hy 3r^[n ''ToLwarir; ".rtS and applying fif- The Eriglifh Phyfician Enlarged, 167 dal ufe for the forenefs of the throat, fwelling-of the uVula and jaws, and excellent good to flay bleeding, and heal up all green wounds. Knotgrafs. IT is generally known fo well that it needeth no de- fcription. Place.'] It groweth in every county of this, land, by the highway fides, and by foot paths in fields ; as alfo. by the fides of old walls. Time.] It fpringeth up late 'in the Spring, and abldeth . until the Winter, when all the branches periih. Government and Virtues.] Saturn feems to me to own the- herb, and yet fome hold the fun ; out of all doubt ’tis^ Saturn. The juice of the common kind of Knotgrafs is moft effedtual to ftay bleeding of the mouth, being drank in Heeled or red wine ; and the bleeding at the nofe, t > be applied to the forehead or temples, or to be fquirted up into the nollrils. It is no lefs effeflual to cool and temper the heat of the blood and ftomach, and to ftay any flux of the blood and humours, as lalks, bloody-- ilux, womens courfes, and running of the reins.. It. is fingular good to provoke urine, help the ftrangury, and .aliayeth the .heat that cometh thereby ; and is powerful^ by urine to expel the gravel or ftone in the kidneys and bladder,- a dram of the powder of the herb being. taken; in wine for many days togethe;- : being boiled in wine and drank, if is profitable to thofe that are ftung, or- - bitten by venomous creatures, and very elFeflual to .ftay all defluxions of rheumatic humours upon the ftomach, and killeth worms in the belly or ftomach, quieteth in-- ward pains that arile from the heat, fharphefs and cor-. ruption of blood-and choler.' The dillilled water hereof taken by itfeli’, or with the powder of the hei'b or Jeed, is very effeftual to all the purpofes aforefaid, and is ac- .counted one of the moft fovereign remedies to cool all manner of inflammations,, breaking out through heat,, hot fwellings and impoftliumes, gangrene and fiftulous jankers, or foul filthy ulcers, being applied or put into, them ; but efpecially for all forts of ulcers and fores happening in the privy parts of men and women.. It helpeth all frefti and grqen wounds, and fpeedily healeth them, five juice dropped in. the ears, cleanleth them being foul, and having running matter in them.. It 1 68 The Englifli Phyfician Enlarged. It is very prevalent for the premifes^, as alfo f&r broken joints and ruptures. Ladies-Mantle. De/cript.'] TT bath many leaves rifino: from tire root A ftandinj!; upon long hairy ibot-ltalks, being, almob round, and a little cut on the edges, into eight or ten parts, making it feem like a liar, with fo many corners and points, and dented round about, of a light colour, fomewhat hard in handling, and as it were folded or plaited at firft, and then crumpled hi divers places, and a little hairy, as the flalk is alfo, which rifeth up among them to the height of two or three feet; and being weak, is not able to ftand upright, but bend- eth to the ground, divided at the. top into two or three branches, with fmall yellowifh green heads, and flowers of a whitifli colour breaking out of them ; which being paft, there cometh a fmall yellowifli feed like a poppy- feed : the root is fomewhat long and black, with many ilrings and fibres thereat. Placed It groweth naturally in maiTV paflures and woodfides in Hertfordfliire, Wiltlhire, and Kent, and other places of this land. Time.'] It ffowereth in May and June, abideth alter feed-time green all the Winter.’ Government and Virtues.] Venus claims the herb as her cwn. Ladies-Mantle is very proper for .thofe wounds that have inflammations, and is very efFedlual to flay bleeding, vomitings, fluxes of all forts, bruifes by falls or otherwife, and helpeth ruptures; and fuch women or maids as have over great flagging breads, caufing them to grow lefs and hard, being both diank, and out- wardly applicrl for aodays together helpeth conception, and to retain the birth ; if the woman do fometimes .alfo fit in a bath made of the dccodion ot the herb. It is one of the mod fingular wound herbs that is, and there- fore highly prilled and prailed by the Germany, who ufe it in all wounds inward and outwanl, to dank a de- coflion thereof, and walh the wounds therewith, or dip tents therein, and put them into the wounds, which wonderfully drieth up all humidity of the res. and abateth inflammations therein. It quickly healeth all green wounds, not fuffering any corruptions to^r^mam The Englidi ?hyfidan Enlarged. 169 heliiiul, and cureth all old fores, though fiftulous and iiollow. Lavender. BEIXG an inhabitant almoft in every garden, it is (a well known, that it needeth no defcription. Thne.] It flowereth about the end of June and begin- ning of July. Government and Virtues.'\ Mercury owns the herb, and it carries his efFedls very potently. Lavender is ol a fpecial good ufe for. all the griefs apd pains of the head and brain that proceed of a cold caufe, as the apoplexy^ talliiig-ficknefs, the dropfy, or tluggilh malady, cramps^ convulfions, palfies, and often faintings. It Itrengthens the floinach, and freetli the liver and fpleen from ob- ftruftions, provoketh womens courfes, and expelleth the. dead child an- codlion thereof, is good againft the tooth-ach. Two fpocmluls of the dillilled water of the flowers taken., helpeth them that have loll their voice, as alfo the tremblings and paflions of the heart, and fainting.s and Iwooning, not only being drank, but applied to the temples, or nollrils to be (melt unto ; but it is not fafe to ufe it where the body is replete with blood and humours, becaufe ot the hot and fubtil fpirits where- with it is pofl'efled. '1 he chymical oil drawn from La- vender, ufually called Oil ot Spike, is of fo fierce and piercing a quality, that it is cautioufly to be ufed, fome few drops being fufficient, to be given with other things, either for inw'ard or outward griefs. Lavender-Cotton. 1 common garden herb, I fljall forbear the X defcription, only take notice, that it flowereth in June and July. Government lyo Tht Englifh Phyjician Enlarged, Gcmernmertt and Virtues. It is under the dominion of Mercury. It refifteth porfon, putrefaction, and heals the bitings of A'enomous beaftg : a dram of the powder of the dried leaves taken every; morning fading, dopi the running of the reins in men, and whites in women. The feed beaten into powder, and taken as worm-feed, kills the worms, not only in children, butalfo in people of riper years ; the like doth the herb itfelf, being deep- ed in milk, and the milk drank ; the body bathed with the decoCUoa- of it helps fcabs and itch. Ladies Smock, or Cuckow-Flowers. Dejcript."] V I 'HE root is compofed of many fmall white X threads, from whence fpring divers long dalks of winged leaves, confiding of round, tender, dark green leaves, fet one againft another upon a mid» die rib, the greated being at the end, amongft which arife up divers weak round, green dalks, fomewhat ftreaked, with longer and fmaller leaves upon them ; on the tops of which dand flowers, almod like the Stock Gilliflowers, but rounder, and not fo.long, of a blulhing,, white colour ; the feed is redd’*fli, and groweth to fmall bunches, being of a diarp biting tafte, and fo hath the herb. Place.'] They grow in moid places,.and near to brook- fidcs. Time.] They flower in April and May, and the lower leaves continue green all the Winter. Go^vernment and Virtues.] They are-under the dominion of the Moon, and very little inferior to Water-CrelTes in all their operations : they are excellent good for the -fcurvy ; they provoke urine, and break the done, and ■e:;cellent!y warm a cold and weak domach, redoriug. Joft appetite, and help digeflion. Lettuce. IT is fo well known, being generally ufed as a Sallet- herb, that it is altogether needlefs to write any de- fer! ption thereof. Government and Virtues.] The Moon owns them, and that is the reafon they cool and moillen what heat and -drynefs Mars caufeth, becaufe Mars hath bis fall m Cancer; and they cool the heat becaufe the Sun rules it. T’hc EngTidi Phyjtcian Enlarged. 171 between wboni and the Moon is a reception in the gene- ration of man, as you may fee in my G uide for Women-., The juice of Lettuce mixed or boiled with Oil of Rofes, applied to the forehead and temples, procureth deep, and eafeth the head-ach proceeding of an hot caufe. Being eaten boiled, it helpeth to loofen the belly ; it helpeth digefiion, quencheth fhirft, increafeth milk in nurfes, eafeth griping pains in the llomach and bowels that come of choler ; it abateth bodily luft, reprefleth venerous dreams, being outwardly applied to the' cods with a little Camphire. Applied in the fame manner to the region of the heart, liver or reins, or by bathing the faid place with the juice of diltilled water, wherein fome white Sanders, or red Rofes are put ; alfo it not only reprefleth the heat and inflammation's therein, but flirengthens and comforts thofe parts, and alfo tempereth the heat of urine. Galen adirifeth old men. to ufe it with fpice; and where fpices are wanting, to add mints, rochet, and fuch like hot herbs ; or elfe citron, lemon, . or orange feeds, to abate the cold of one, and heat of the other. The feed and diRilled water of the Lettuce work the fame ' eflferts in all things ; but the ufe of Let- tuce is chiefly forbidden to thofe that are- fliort-winded,, or have any imperfedlion in the lungs, or fpit blood. Water Irtly. OF thefe there are two principally noted kinds, ‘viz» the White and the Yellow. Defcript.'\ The White Lily hath very large and thick dark green leaves lying on the water, fuflained by long, and thick foot-llalks, that arife from a great, thick, round, and long tuberous black root, fpongy or loofe, with many knobs thereon, like eyes, and whitifli within : I'rom amidll which rife other the like thick green (talks, foftaining one large great flower thereon, green on the outfide, but as white as fnow within, confiding of divers rows of long, and fomewhat thick and narrow leaves, fmaller and thinner the more inward they be, encom- palTing a head with many yellow threads or thrums ia the middle ; where, after they are pad, (land round Poppy-like heads, full of broad oily and bitter feed. The Y ello w kind Ls little different from the former, fave only that it hath fewer leaves on the flowers, greater and more (hining feed, and a whitifb root both within and w.thout. The root oi both is fomewliat fweet in tafle. * F/ace.] 172 The Englifh Phyjician Enlarged^ Place.l They are found growing in great pools and" iranding waters, and fometimes in flow running rivers^ and lefler ditches of water, in fuildiy jflaces of this land. Ttme.'\ They flower niofl commonly about the end of May, and their feed is ripe in Augult. - ^ Government and Pirlues.^ The herb is under the domi- nion of the Moon, and therefore cools and moiliens like the former. The leaves and flowers of the Lilies are cold-aiidmoifl, but theroots and feeds are cold and dry? the leaves do cool all inflammations, both outward and inward heat of agues ; and fo doth the flowers alfo, either by the fyrup or conferve : the fyrup helpeth much to procure refl, and to fettle the. brain offrantick jier- fons, by cooling the hot diliemperaUire of the head. The feed, as well as the root, is effeftual to flay fluxes of blood orhumours, cither of wounds or of the belly ; but the roots are moll: ufed, and more efledlual to cool, bind, and reflrain all fluxes in men and women ; alfo runniiig of the reins, and palling of the feed when one is afleej) ; but the frequent ufe hereof e.'i.tinguilheth venerous ac- tions. The root is likewife very good for thofe whole urine is hot and (harp, to be boiled in wine and water, and the decoftion drank. The diftilled water of the flowers is very efledlual for all the difeafes aforefaid, both inwardly taken and outwardly applied ; and is much commended to takeaway freckles, fpots,funburn, and morphew' from the face, or other parts of the bod}'. The oil made of the flowers, as Oil of Rofes is made, is profitably ufed to cool hot tumours, and to cafe the pains and help the fores. Lily of the Valley. CALT.ED alfo Conval Li’y, Male Idly, and Lily Con fancy. De/tript.l The root Is fmall, and creepeth far in the ground, as grafs roots do. rhe leaves are many, againll which rifelh up a ftalk half a foot high, wit'n many white flowers, like little bells with turned edges, ot a ftrong, though plealing linell ; the berries are red, not much unlike thofe of Afparagus. Place.] 'i’hoy grow picntitully upoit Ilamp/tead- Ileath, and many other places in this nation. Time.] riiey flower in May, and the feed is ripe in September. , Govern^ The Englifli Phyfician Enlarged. Gta/emment ami Virtue!.'\ It is under the dominion ofMer- eurv, and therefore it llrengthens the hratn, recruits a weak mentor}', and makes it (Irong again. The dillilleil water dropped into the eyes, helps inflammations there, as alfo that infirmity which they call a pin and welf. "J’he fpiritof the flowers dilVilled in wine, reftoreth lolt fpeech, helps the palfy, and is ekoeetUng good in the apoplexy, comforteth the heart and t iial fpirits. Gerrard faith, that the flowers being cloi'e flopped up in a glafs-, put into an ant-hill, and taken away again a month al- ter, ye (hall find a liquor in the glafs, which being out- wardly applied, helps the gout. White Lilies. IT were in vain to defcribe a plant fo commonly known in every one’s garden, therefore I fliall not tell you what they are, but what they are good for. Gwernment and Virtues.'^ They axe under the doml.alon ofthe-Moon, and by antipathy to Mars expel poifon ; they are excellent good in peflilential fevers, the roots being bruifed and boiled in wine, and the decodion drank; for it expels the venom to the exterior parts of the lx)dy ; the j nice ot it being tempered with barley.- meal, baked, and fo eaten for ordinary bread, is an ex- cellent cure for the dropfy. An ointment made of the root and hog’s greafe, is excellent good for fcald heads, unites the finevvs when they are cut, andcleanfes ulcers. T he root boiled in any convenient dccodion, gives fpeedy deliveiy to women in travail, and expels the af- ter-birth. The root roalled, and mixed with a little hog’s greafe, makes a gallant poultice to ripen and break plagut-fores. 1 he ointment is excellent good for fwel- lings in the |)rlvities, and will cure burnings ami fcald- ings without a fear, and trimly deck a blank place with hair. Liquorice. Df/cripi.'] /^I 'REnglifh liquorice rifeth up with divers \^/ woody llalks, wherein are let at feveral dillances many narrow, long, green leaves, fet together on both fnle.-, ol the llalk, and an odd one at the end, very- well refembling a young afli-tree fprung uj) from the feetl. I his by \ ears continuance in a place and not Cilc, uill bring foilh fltjwer.-!, many Handing together. i?4 'The Englifh Phyfician Enlarged, fpike faftion, one-above another upon the ftalk, of the foiTO of peafe bloffijms, but of a very pale blue colout, ■\\ hich turn into long, fomewhat flat and fmooth cods, wherein is contained a fmall round, hard feed ; the roots- run down exceeding reading of tetters, ring wonns, and other fretting and running fores and Icabs, and is an exce - lent remedy for fueh wljoie livers are corrupted by lur- feits, which caufe their bodies to break ()ut, tor it toiti- fieth the liver exceedingly, and makes it impiegnable. Loofeftrife, or Willowherb. De/cript.lf^OMMOy, jrellow Loofeftrife groweth to be four or five feet high, or more, with great round ftalks, a little crefted, diverfly branched from the middle of them to the tops into great and long branches, on all-which at the joints grow long and narrow leaves, but broader below, and ulually two at a joint, yet fome- times threeor fourj fomcwhat like willow leaves, fmooth on the edges, and a fair green co-lour from the upper joints of the branches, and at the tops of thfim alfo ftand many yellow flowers of-five leaves a-piece, with divers vellovv threads in the middle, which turn into fmail round heads, containing fmall cornered feeds ; the root creepeth under ground, almoft like couch-grafs, but greater, and (hooteth up every Spring brownifh heads, which afterwards grow up into ftalks. It hath no fcent or tafte, but only allringent. Place."] It groweth in many places of this land in raoift meadows, and by w'ater-fides. Time.] It flowereth from June to Auguft. Government and Virtues.] This herb is good for all manner of bleeding at the mouth, nofe, or wounds, and all fluxes of the belly, and the bloody-flux, given either to drink or taken by clyfter ; it ftayeth alfo tlie abund- ance of womens courfes ; if is a fingular good wound- herb for green wounds, to ftay the bleeding, and quickly dole together the lips of the wound, if the herb be bruifed, and the juice only applied, it is often ufed in gargling for fore mouths, as alfo for the fecret parts. The fmoak hereof being burned, driveth away flies and gnats, which in the night-time moleft people inhabiting near marflies, and in the fenny countries., Loofeflrife, with fpiked Heads of Flowers. De/cript.] groweth with many wmody fijuare llalks, full of joints, 3 feet high at leaft ; at 17^ Englifli Pliyfidan Enlarged. at eveiy one whereof Hand two long leaves, (horter, nar- rower, and a larger green colour than the Ibriner, and b)me brownilh. 'I'heftalks are branched into inanv Ion'*- Items ot ipiked flowers, halt a toot long, growiii"' in bundles, one above another, out of fmall Imtks, like the fjuked heads oflavender, each of which flowers, nave five round-pointed leaves of a purple violet colour,, or fomewhat inclining to rednefs ; in which hutks ftand fmall round heads alter tlie flowers are fallen, wherein is contained fmall feed. 1 he root creepeth under ground like unto the yellow, but is greater than it, and’ lb are the heads ot the leaves when they firll apjiear out of the ■ground, and more brown than the other. Place.'] It groweth ufually by rivers and ditch-fides in wet grounds, as about the ditches at and near Lambeth,, and in many other places of this land. Time.] It flowereth in the months of June and jul}-. Government and Virtues.] It is an herb of the Moon, and under the fign (’ancer ; neither do I know a better pre- ferver ofthe fight when "tis well, nor a better cure of fore- eyes, than Eyebright, taken inwardly, and this ufed outwardly ; ’tis cold in quality. This herb is no whit in- ferior unto the former, it having not only all the virtues which the former hath, but fome peculiar virtues of its own, found out by experience ; as namely, that diflilled water is a prefent remedy for hurts and blows on the eyes, and for blindnefs, lb as the cryftallinc humour be not perilhed or hurt ; and this hath been fufficiently pro- ved true by the experience of a man of judgment, who kept itlong to himfelf as a great fecret. ft cleareth the e}'es of dull, or any thing gotten into them, and prefer- veth the fight. It is alfo very available again ll wounds and thrulls, being made in an ointment in this manner : 'I'o every ounce of water, add two drams of May butter without fait, and of fugar and wax. of each as jnuch alfo, let them boil gently together ; let tents dijiped into that liquor that remaineth after it is cold, be put into the wounds, and the place covered with a linen cloth doubled and anointed with the ointment ; and tliis is alto an ap- proved medicine. It like wife clean eth and healeth all foul ulcers and fores whatfoever, and llayeth their in- flammations by wafhing them with the water, andla} ing on them a green leaf or two in thclSuuuner, or dry leaves ne Englifh Phyjician Enlarged. 177 hi the Winter. This water gargled warm in thelnouth, and Ibinetimes drank alfo, doth cure the quinly, or king’s evil in the throat. The laid water applied warm, taketh away all fpots, marks, and fcabs in the Ikin ; and a little oi it drank, quencheth third: when it is extraordinai^'. Lovage. De/cript.'] I T hath many long and. great ftalks of large A winged leaves, di\ ided into many parts, like SmaUage, but cut much larger and greater, every leaf being cut about the edges, broadeft forward, and limillell at the (talk, of a fad green colour, fmooth and Ihming: from among u Ifich rife up fundry llrong, hol- low green llalks, five or fix, fometimes feven or eight leet high, full of joints, but leiler leaves fct on them than grow below; and with them towards the tops come Jbrth large branches, bearing at their tops large umbels of yellow flowers, a,iul alter tiiem . flat bro.wnifh feed, i he root groweth tiiick, great and deep, fpreading much, and enduring long, of a brownilh colour on the outfide, and whitilh within. I'he whole plant and everv part of it fmelling (irong, and aromatically, and is ot a hot (harp, biting talle. Place.] It IS ufually planted in ganleits, where, if it be fufiyred, it groweth huge and great. Time.] It flowercth in the end of July, and feedeth in Auguft. Government and Virtues.] It is an lierb of the Sun, under fh« fign Taurus. II Saturn oftend the throat (as he al- wa} s doth if he be occafioner of tiie malady, and in T aiirus is the Genefis) this is your cure. It openeth, cureth, and digefteth luunours. and mightily provoketh woinens courfes and urine. Half a dram at a time of the dried root in powder taken in wine, doth wonder- lully warm a cold llomach, helpeth digellion, and con- luinethall raw and lujierfluous moillure therein ; eafeth all mvvardgripings and pains, dilTolveth wind and re- iilleth poifon and infedlion. It is a known and much praifed remedy to drink the decoflion ofthe herb for anv fort of ague, and to help the pains and torments ofthe body and bowels coming of cold. The feed is e/Feaual to all the piirpo es alorelaid (except the laft)and worketli mure powerlully. The dillilled water of the herb helpeth 178 T^he Englifli Phyjtdan Enlarged. helpeth the quinfy In the throat, if the mouth ami throat be gargled and waflied therewith, and helpeth the pleu- ril'y, being drank, three or four times. Being dropped into the eyes, it taketh away the rednefs or dimnefs of them ; it likewife taketh away fpots or freckles in the face. The leaves brnifed, and fried with a little hog’s lard, and laid hot to any blotch or boil, will quickly break it. . Lungwort. Dt/cript.'\ 'TT^IS is a kind of mofs that groweth on 1 fundry forts of trees, efpecially oaks and b?eches, with broad, greyilh, toughleaves diverfly folded, crumpled, and galhcd in on the edges, and fome fpotted alfo with many fmall fpots on the upper fide. It was never feen to bear any .llalk or flower at an)' time. Govtrvmevt and Virtues ] Jupiter feems to own this herb. It is of great ufe to phyficians to help the difeafes ot the lungs, and for coughs, wheezings, and ftiortnefs oi breath, whifh it cureth both in man and beail. It is very profitable to put into lotions that are taken to fiay the moilt humours that fl.Av to ulcers, and hinder their healing, as alfo to walh all other ulcers in the privy parts «f a man or woman. It is a s excellent remedy boiled in beer for broken-winded horfes. Madder. /GARDEN Madder Ihooteth forth many very Vj long, weak, four-fquare, reddiih llalks, trailing on the ground a great ,\Nay, very rough and hair)', and full of joints ; at everj- one of thefc joints come forth divers long and narrow leaves, fhinding like a liar about the flalks, rough alfo and hairy, towards the tops whereof come forth many Imall pale )ellow flowers, alter which come Imall round heads, green at fit'll, and reddiih afterwards, but black when they are ripe, w herein is contained the feed. Ihe root is not veiy great, but exceeding long, running down hall a man’s length into the ground, red and veiy clear while it is I’relh, fpreading di\ ers w ays. Place.'\ It is only manured in gardens, or larger fields, for the profit that is made thereol. ^ Ttme.'\ It flowereth towards die end of Summer, and the feed is ripe quickly after. Government and Virtues. It is an herb of Mars. It hath an opening quality, and alterward to bind and llreiigthen. Englifh Phyjkian Enlarged. lyg It is a fare remedy for the yellow jaundice, by openlntr the oblirucUoiis of the liver and gall, and cleanfing thofe paits; it openeth alfo the obllriidions of the fjileen, and diminifheth the melancholy humour; it is available for the palfy and fciatica, and effedual for bruifes inward and outward, a!nd is therefore much ufed in vulnerary drinks. I’he root for all thofe afore- faid purpofes, is to be boiled in wine or Avater, as the caufe requireth, and Tome honey and fugarput thereunto afterwards. The feed hereof taken in vinegar ahd honey, heipeth the fwelling and hardnefs of the fpleen. 1 he decodion of the leaves and branches is a good fo- mentation for women to fit over that liave not their courfes. 1 he leaves and roots beaten and applied to any part that is difcoloured with freckles, morphew, the white fcurf, or any fiich deformity of the fkin, cleaufeth thoroughly, and taketh them away. Maiden Hair. Dtjcnft.] UR common Maiden-Hair doth, from a number oi'hard black fibres, fend forth a great many blackifh fliining brittle fialks, hardly a fnan long, m many not half lb long, on each fide fet very thick with fmall round, dark, green leaves, and fpitted on the back of them like a fern. Itgroweth iijion old Hone wa'ls in the Weft parts in Kent, and divers other places of this land ; it itelighteth bkewifeto grow by iprings, wells, and rocky, moift and fhad} places, and is always green. Wall Rue, or White Maiden Hair. Drfcripi.-] '^HlShath very fine pale, green ftalks, , almoll as fine as hairs, fet confufedlv With di vers pale green leaves on very fhort foot-llalks fomewhat in form, but more diverfiy cut in on the edges, and thicker, fmooth on the upper part, and fpot- ted finely umlerncath. ^ PW.] It groweth in many places of this land, atDart- ford, and the bridge at Afhford in Kent, at Beaconsfield m Buckinghamfhire, at Molly in HuntingdonOiire on hramingham Caftle in Suffolk, on the church walls at Mayfield in Sufiex, in Somerfetfhire, and divers other sLmmen ^' and is green in Winter as well as G,vtrnmtntandr,rtue,.-\ Both this and the former are under i8o 7'Ai; Englifh Phyfician Enlarged. uiuler the dominion of Mercury, and fo is, that, alfo which followeth after, and the virtue of both thefe are fo near alike, that though 1 have defcribed them and their places of growing feverally, yeti (hall, in writing the virtues of them, join them both together as followeth : The decodion of the herb Maiden-Hair being drank, hel[)eth thofe that are troubled with the cough, ihortnefs oi’ breath, yellotv jaundice, difeafes ofthefpleen, Ilop- ])ing of urine, and helpeth exceedingly to break the Itone in the kidnies. (in all which difeafes the Wall Rue is alfo very effeilual.) It provoketh womens courfes, and It ays both bleedings and fluxes of the ftomach and belly, efpecially when the herb is dry ; for being green, it loofeneth the belly, and voideth choler and phlegm from the llomach and liver ; it cleanfeth the lungs, and by rediifying the bipod, caufeth a good colour to the whole body, 'J'he herb boiledin oil of camomile, dif- folveth knots, allayeth fwellings, and drieth up moifl; tdcers. The lee made thereof is lingular good to cleanfe the head from fcurf, and from dry and running fore.s, liayeth the falling or fhcdding' of the hair, and caufeth it to grow thick, fair, and well coloured; for which l^Hrjiofe fume boil it in wine, putting fome Smallage thereto, and afterwards fome oil. The Wall Rue is as efleftual as Maiden-Hair, in all difeafes of the head, or falling and recovering of the hair again, and generally for all the aforementioned difeafes : And befides, the powder of it taken in drink for forty days together, hel])eth the burllings in children. Golden Maiden Hair. To the former give me leave to add this, and I fhall no more but only defcribe it unto you, and lor the virtues refer } ou to the former, fince w hat.bever is faid of them, may be alfo laid of this. De/cript ] Jr hath many fmall, brownilh, red hairs to make uj> the form of leaves growing about the ground from the root; and in the midtlle of them, in Summer, rife fmall llalksofthe fame colour, let with very fine yellowilh green hairs on them, and bearing a fmall gold, yellow head, lefler than a wheat corn, liaitding in a great hulk. The root is very fmall and thready. Time.'] Itgroweth in bogs andmoorilh places, and .alfo ou dry fhady places, as Hainidlead Heath, andellew here. Mallows The Engli(h Phyfidan Enlarged. i8t Mallows and Mar/limallows. ^OMMOX Mallows Tire generally fo well known, V-i that they need no defeription. Our common Marflimallows have divers foft, hairy white (lalks, riling to be tliree or four feet high, fpreacl- ing lorth many branches, the leaves ^^■hcreof are folt and hairy, fomewhat Icffcr than the other Mallow leaves but longer pointed, cut (for the moft part) into fome few di- vifions, but deep. The flowers are. many, but fmallef nlfo than the other Mallows, and white, or tending- to ft Muifh colour ; alter which come fucli lony, round°cafes and leeds, as in the other Mallows. The roots are many and long, ihooting from one head, of the bio-nefs of a thumb or tinger, ver^' pliant, tough, and being like liquorice, ofa whitilh yellow colour on the outfide and more wnite vvithin full-ofa flimy juice, which being laid in water, will. thicken, as it it were a jelly ° Mallows groudn' every 'county of this land 1 he common Marihmallows in moft o^' the lalt marlhes, from \\ oolwich down to the fea both Tkey-flower all the Summer months even until the \\ inter do pull them down. en until Gunmen, owns them both. The leave, ol either ol the torts before fpedfie.J and tl ! roots alto boiled in wine and water or in In-o'l, -i pye Ikin, as alfo the^ Icurl, dandrilF, or dry fcabs in the head, or other parts, if they be anointed therewith, or waflu-d with the decodtion, and preferveth the hair from lading olF. It is aho e!- fedlual t^Tiinfl fcaldings and bumiiig>, St. Anthony s fire, and all other hot, red, and painlul Ktellings in any part of the body. '1 he flowers boiled in oil orwatei, (as every one is -difpo ed) whercunto a little honey and allum is put, is an excellent gargle to walh, cleanlo, or heal any fore mouth or throat in a fliort Ipace. • Jt the feet be bathed or wafl.ed with the decodVion ol the leaves, roots and flowers, it helpeth much ihe Uefluxions of rheum from the head; if the head be wafl;cd ihc^e- with, it llayeth the I'alling and fliedding ol the hair. 1 he green leaves (faith Pliny) beaten vv ith nitre, and applied, draw out thorns or prickles in the fleih. The Marlhmallows are more effeaual in a'l the dif- eafes befure-mentioned : the leaves are likewile ufed to loo eii the belly gently, and decoclions lor clyliers to cafe all pains ol the body, opening the trait pa llages, ll.c more cafily, ami without imio, out of the S;::', hLt.er, a,„i ,0 ea.c the thereof. But the roots arc ol more Ipecial uie pains for Tht Englifli Bhyftcian Enlarged. 183 tor thofe purpofcs, as well for coughs, hoarfeuefs, fliortnefs of breath and wheezin^s, being boiled in wine, or honied water, and draivk. 1 he roots and feeds here- of boiled in wine and water, are with good fuccefs ufed ’b>- them that have excoriations in the guts, or the bioody-flux, by qualifying the violence of lharp fretting humours, eafing pains, and healing the forenefs. It is profitably taken of them that are troubled with ruptures, cramps, or convulfions of the finews ; and boiled in white wine, for the impoilhumes of the throat, coin- monlj' called the king’s evil, and of thofe kernels that rife behind the ears, and inflammations and fwellings in womens breafts. The dried roots boiled in milk and drank, is fpecialgood for the chin-cough. Hippocrates ufed to give the decodlion of the roots, or the juice thereof, to drin’k,to thofe that are wounded, and ready to faint through lofs of blood, and applied the fame mixed with honey and rofin to the wounds ; as alfo the roots Inriled in wine, to thofe that have received any hurt by bruifes, falls or blows, or had any bone or •member out of joint, or any fwelling pain, or ach in the mufcles, finews or arteries. The mucilage of the roots, and of linfeed and fenugreek put together, is much ufed in poultices, ointments, and plailiers, to mol- lify and digeltall hard fwellings, and the inflammation ol them, and to eafe pains in any part ofthe body. The feed either green or dry, mixed with vinegar, cleanfeth the fkiii of morphew, and all other difcolourings, being boiled therewith in the Sun. ° You may remember, that not long fince there was a raging difeale called the bloody-flux; the collen'e of phyficians not knowing what to make of it, called ft the plague of the guts, for their wits were at Ne plus ultra about it : my fon was taken w'ith the fame dil’eafe, and the excoriation of his bowels was exceeding great • mv felf being in the country, was fent for up ; the only thing I gave him, was Mallows bruifed and boiled both in milk and drink; in two days fthe blefling of God beniL^ upon it) it cured him. And I here, to Ihew my thankfulnefs to God in comnuinicating it to his lures, leave it to pollerity. ^ K a Mapl« 1-84 ’The Englifii 'Phyftcian Enlarged. '■ Maple Tree. Go’verTtment'TT is under tlu- dominion of Jupiter. HMic mnd Vlrtues.]\^ decoftion either of tlie lea\es or hark, mull needs iircngthen tlie liver mueh, and lb }'ou (hall flnd it to do, if you ufe it. It is cxeellent good to open obllruftioiis both in the liver and fpleen, and ealbth pains of the fides ihenee proceeding. Wild Marjoram. CAT.T.KD alfo Origane, Origanum, Eaflward Mar- joram, Wild Marjoram, and (’irovc Marjoram. Dffcript.'\ Wild or Field Marjoram hath a root which rreepeth much under ground, which continneth a long time, lending up fundry brownilh, . hard fquare llalks, With final 1 dark green lea\es, -very like thofe of Sweet Marjoram, but harder, and fomewhat broader; at the top of the llalks Hand tufts of flowers, of a deep purplilh red colour. ' The feed is fmall and Ibmething blacker than that of Sweet Marjoram. Place.'\ It groweih pientifuliy in the borders of corn- fields, and in fome copies. Time.'\ It flowereth towards the latter end of Summer. Gonjetnmetti and Virtues.'^ T his is alio under the domi- »>.ion of Mercury. It lirenglhens the flomach and head much, there being fcarce a better reibedy grow ing for Inch as are troubled with a four humour in the llomach ; it reftores the appetite being loft ; heljis the cough and confumption ot the lungs ; it deanfeth the choler, expelleth poifon, and remedieth the infirmities of the fpleen ; helps the bitings of venomous bealU, and helps fuch as have poifoned them'ehes by eating hem- lock, henbane, or opium. It provokedi urine, and the terms in women, helps the dropfy and the feurvy, Icabs, itch and yellow jaundice. 'I'he juice benng dropped into’ the ears, helps deafnefs, pain and noife in i\nd thus much for this herb, betw een winch and adilers there is a deadly antipathy. Sweet Marjoram. SWEET Marjoram is fo well known, being an inha- bitant in every gartlen, that it is needlefs to write any defcriplion thereof, neither of the Winter Sweet Marjoram, or Put Marjoram. ^ The Englilh Vhyftcian Enlarged. 185 Place,'\ They grow commonly in gardens ; fome fort (here are tliat grow wild in the borders of corn-fields and prrltiires, in fundry places of this land ; but it is not my fnifpofe to infill upon them ; the gardejt kinds being molt ufed and ufeful. They flower in the end of Sw-mmer. Govirnrnttit and Virtne.<.~\ It is an herb of Mercury, and ■under Aries, and thercl'ore is an excellent remedy for the brain, and other parts ol ilie bydy and mind under the dominion ot the lame planet. Our common Sweet Alarjoram is warming'’ and comfortable in the cold dif- tafesol the head, ltomach,finews, and other parts, taken in\\ ardlt , or outwardly applied. 'I’he decotlion there- of being drank, helpeth all difeafes of the chell which hinder the Ireenefs of breathing, and is allb profitable tor the obllruflions ot the li' cr and f[)leen. It helpeth t.ie cold grids of the womb, and the windinefs thereof; and the lols of fpeech, by rel'olution of the tongue. The dteoflion the eol made with fome pellitory of .Si ain, and long pepper, or with a little acorns or ori-anum, being drank, is good for thole that are beginning t j fall into a droply, lor thofe that cannot make water, and againit pains ami torments in the belly ; it provoketh omens courfes, it it be put as a petTary. Being made into powder, and mixed with honey, it taket^awav the black marks ol blows and bruifes, being thereunto appiedj It IS good lor the inflammations and watering 01 the eyes, bcmig mixed with fine flour, and laid upon them. 1 he juice dropped into the ears.ealeth the pains and ringing noife in the.n. It is profitably put into thofe ointments and falves that are wmrm, andcomlbrj alfo°nnT^ the joint andfinews ; for fwelling.s alio, and places out ol joint. I’he powder thereof In ufled up into the nofe, provoketh fneezing, and thereby purgeth the brain; and chewed in the mouth, druweth tof much phlegm. The oil ma le thereol', is very wann and comlortable to the joints that are lliff, mnl the finews that are hard, to mollify and fupple them Mar jonun ,. ,nueh ufed in all odoHferous uLi^ povv£~ &c. that are lor ornament or delight. ‘ * Marigolds. THKSE being fo plentiful in every garden are fo well known, that they need no d^elS^tTon. ^ K Time.] i86 The EngliOa Pkyjician Enlarged. Timt.'\ They flower all the Summer long, and fomc- tlmes ia Winter, if it be mild. Gtn>ernmtnt and Virtues.'] It is aii herb of the Sun, and under Leo. They llrengthea the heart exceedingly, and are very expulfive, and little lefs elFedUial in the fmail- pox and meafles than faflron. The juice of Marigold leaves mixed with vincgar,.and any hot fwellings bathwi' with it, iallantly gtveth eaie, and alTuageth it. The flowers, either green or dried, are much ufed in poflets, broths, and drink, as a comforter of the heart and fpi- rits, and to expel any malignant or pellilential quality which might anuoy them. A plaiiier made with th* dry flo.vvers in- powder, hog’s-greafe, turpentine^ and rolin, applied to the breall, llrengthens-and fuccours the hearf inhnitely in fevers, whether pellilential or not pel- tilential.. Mafterwort. Defcript.] Maflerwort hath divers ftalks-of winged leaves divided into fundry parts, three for the moft part ftanding together at a fmall fuot- llalk on both fides of the greater, and three likcwife at the end of the llalk, fomewhat broad, and cut in on the eflges into three or more divifions, all of them dented about the brims, of a dark green colour, fomevvhat re- fembling the leaves of Angelica, but that thefe lower to the ground, and on lefl’er llalks ; among^ w uch. rife up two or three Ihort ftalks about two feet high, and flender, with fuch like leaves at the joints which grow below, but with lelferand fewer divifions, beaiing un^ bels of white flowers, and after them thin, flat bUu kift feeds, bigger than DUl-feeds, The root is fomewhat greater, and growing rather ficleways than dowm deep.ui the ..rmiiul, lhootlng forth lundry ^ m harp biting on the tongue, and is the-hottell and (ha pelt Art ot- the plant,. and the feed next unto it being fonie- what blackilh on the outBcle, and fmellmg- "e 1. Fleet 1 It isufually kept in gardens with usinLngland. . It flowereth and feedeth about the C.vtrLe,.t and Vntue..] It is .-yt herb ^ ^ root of Maflerwort is hotter than pepper, and . •dde -u cdil griefs and difeaies, both ol flomach and u L dilfoUdm^ very powerfully upwards and dow n body, ^ deco/lion with wine again It Tiuold rheums, dUUUsdio.uipoa the lungs, or (huit.uds 77/c EngliHi Phyjidan Enlarged. 187 of breatli, to be taken morniiw and evening. It alfo- provoketh urine, and helpeth to break the Itone.and ex- pel the gravel (Vom the kidnies ; provoketh womens coiirfes, and cxpelleth the dead birth. It is fmgular good for llrangling of the mother, and other fuch like- ' i'emininedil'eafes. Itis efFeftual alfo againfl the dropfy, cramps, and talling-licknefs ; for the decoftion in wine being gargled in the mouth, draweth down, much wa- ter and phlegm from the brain, purging and eaiiing it of w!iat opprelleth it. It is ol’ a rare quality againd alt forts of cold i> lifon, to be taken as there is caufe ; It provoketh fwctu. But lell the talle hereof, or of the feed 'which worketh t > the like effuA, ClKjugh not fo, 1)0‘.\ er fully) fhould be too offenfive, the bed way is to ta e the water didilled botll from the herb and root.. 'I’he juice hereof dropped, or tents dipped therein, and applied either to gree.i wounds or filthy rotten ul .?ers, and tho e that come by envenomed weapons, doth foon cleanfe and heal them. The fame is all'o very good to lielp the gout coming of a cold caufe. Sweet Maudlin. /COMMON Maudlin hath fomewhat long and narrow leaves, fnipped about the edges. The dalks are two feet high, bearing at the tops many yellow flowers fet round together, and all of an equal height, in umbels or tufts like unto- Taufy ; after which followeth fmall whitilh feed, almod as big as wormfeed. Place and It groweth in gardens, and flowereth in June and July. Government and VirtHet.'\ The virtues hereof being the fame with Codmary or Alecoll. 1 (hall n , which were the five green ^ f leaves : iS8 The Englifh Phyfictan Enlarged. leaves ; and being nibbed ofF, or fallen awav, the brad''; oi the fruit isfeen to be fomewbat Irollow. The fruit is very harfh before it is mellowed, and has nfunlly five hard kernels within it. 'I’bere is another kind liereor nothing differing from the former, hut that it hath fume thorns on it in leveral places, which the other hath not, and ufually the fruit is fmall, and not lb pfeafant. _ Time and Place.] They grow in this land, and flower in May'for the moll part, and bear fru;t in Septembe'i* and Oftober. Government and Virtues.] The fruit is old Saturn’s, and fure a better medicine he hardly hath tc) ilrengthen the'- retentive faculty ; therefore it Hays womens longings ; the good old man cannot entlure womens minds fhould run a gadding. Alfo a plailler made of the fruit dried before they are rotten, and other convenient things, and applied to the reins of the back. Hops mifearriage in women with child. 'I'heyare very powerful to Hay any fluxes of blood or humours in men and women ; the leaves alfo have this quality. The fruit eaten by wo- men with child, Hayeth their longing after unufual meats, and is very effedlual for them that are apt to mifcariy, and may be delivered before their time, to help that ma- lady, and make them joyful mothers. The decoftion of them is good to gargle and walh the mouth, throat and teeth, w'hen there is any defluxions of blood to Hay it, or of humours, which caufeth t)ie pains and fw'el- lings. It is a good bath for women to fit over, that have their courfes flow too abundant ; or for the piles when they bleed too much. If a poultice or plaifter be made with dried Medlars, beaten and mixed with the juice of’ red rofes, whereunto a few cloves and nutmegs may be added, and a little red coral alfo, and applied to the Homach that is given to calling or loathing of meat, it effettually helpeth. 7'he dried leaves in powder Hrewed on t’refh bleeiling wounds, reHrainclh the blood, and healeth up the wound quickly. The Medlar-Hones madu into powder and drank in w ino, wherein tome parfley- roots have lain infufed all night, or a little boiled, do break the Hone in the kidiiies, helping to expel it. Mellilot, or King's Claver. Z?^/leittilully in many places of this land ; as in the edge of Suffolk, and iu Eflex ; as alfo in Huntingdonihire, and in other places ; but moll ufu- ally in corn-fields, and in corners of meadows. Time.l It flowereth in June and July, and is ripe quickly after. Gonj^rnment and rirtun ] Mellilot boiled in wine, and app.ied, molliheth all hard tumours and inflammati ns that hajipen in th(^ eyes, or other parts of the body, the fundament, or prity parts of men and women : end fomctimes the yolk of a roafled egg, or fine flour, or poppt -leed or endu e, is added unto it. It helpeth the “li-ers m the head, if being wafhed with a lee made tliereo . It he peth the pains of the llomach, be- ilhoe ’ afore-named hern ^ *ni> ^“ts, being dropped into Ja e f r 1 tn vinegar, or rofe-water, it miti- mile are T I' A^>wers of Mellilot or Camo- pcl vvind n H f together in clyllcrs to ex- pel wind and cafe pamS ; and alfo in poultices for the fphxai^ or alluagc fwelling tumours in the ^‘rench and Dog IVIercury, D*/cript.] 'pHIS rifeth up with a fquare greoa flalk 5 leaves. jgo The EnglTfB' PRyJlcian Enlarged. leaves, fomewhat broad and lonj', about the bignefs of the leaves of BafiL, finely dented about the edges : to- wards the tops of the ftalks and branches, come forth at every joint in the male mercury tw) fmall round green heads, Handing together upon a (hort foot-ftalk, which growing ripe,' are feeds, not having flowers. 'The fe- male fial'k is longer, fpike-fafhion, fet roundabout wiih- fma,ll green huflts, which are the flowers, made like fmall brunches of grapes, which give no feed, but abide long upon the Halks without fhedding. The root is compofed of many fmall fibres, which periftreth every year at the approach ot Winter, and rifeth again ot^ its own fbwing ; ami it once it is fuffered to fow itfelf,. the cTound^vill never want afterwards, even both.lorts. of iU Dog Mercury. Having defcribed unto you that which is called French Mercury, I come now to fhew you a de- fcription of this kind alio. , , , ir Defcri-piA This is likewife of two kinds, male and fe- male, having many (talks (lender and low’er than Mer- cury, withovit any branches at all upon them ; the root is fet with two leaves, at every jomt, lomewhat gi eater than the female, but more pointed and lull ot veins, ami fomewhat harder in handling ; of a dark green » and lefs dented or fnipped about the eclgtj- ^ * ioints with the leaves come (orth longer (lalks than tt c former, with two hairy round feeds upon them, twice as big as thofe of the former Mercury : the ta le heieot ifihefbv, and the fmell fomewhat lirong and virKhnu The female has much harder leaves (landing upon longei footSk;, and the Ilalks are alfo longer ; rome forth fpikes ol (lowers like thefrencti fe^aie Mercury. The roots of them both are many, n,»Kbre». whicb run ^ « fel.es very nu, eh, notP«|h.ns - „„„ do, but abiding the M inter ana branches every year, for the old ue aow The Male and Female French Mercury are «iW in .(Tver* places in Al, land ; as hj a vrllage culled Brooktand, in Rumney-Marfli, ^ ' 'kL llov Mercury in fumlry places ot Kent alio, anu .i:.S biuhetenrale u,ir. feldo.n than .he nr^e.^ The Englifh Phyftci'an Enlarged. 191 Time.'\ They flower in the Summer months, and there- in p;ive their feed. Government and Virtues.'] Mercury, they fay, owns the herb, but I rather think it is Venus’s, and I am partly confident of it too, for 1 never heard that Mercury ever minded womens bufinefs fo much : I believe he minds his lludy more. I’he decot.'lion of the leaves of Mercury, or the juice thereof in broth, or drank with a little fugar put to it, purgeth choleric and waterifli humours. Hippocrates commended it wonderfully for ■womens dileafes, and applied to the fecret parts, to eafe the pains of the mother ; and ufed the decoftion of it,, both to procure womens courfes, and to expel the after- birth, and gave the decoftion thereof with m/rrh or pep- per, or ufed to apply the leaves outwardly againft the ttrangury and difeafes of the reins and bladder.' H.s ufed it aifu for fore and watering eyes, and for the deaf- nels and pains in the ears, by dropping the juice thereof into them, and bathiftg them afterwards in white wine, fhe dccoclion thereof made with water and a cock chicken, is a moll fafe medicine againft the hot fits of agues. It alfo dearvfeth the breaft jnd lungs of phlegm,, but a little oifendeth the ftomach. The juice or diltilled water fnuffed up into the nollrils, purgeth the head and e}cs 01 catarrhs and rheums. Some ufe to drink two or three ounces of the diltilled water, with a little fiumr put to It, in the morning faftiog, to open and purge the- body ol grois, vilcous and melaadtoly humours. It is wonderlul (If it be not fabulous) wjjich Hiofeorides and Iheophraftus do relate ot it. viz. That if women ufe thefe heib.-. either inwardly or outwardly, for three days M courfes be pall, Jhe 1- I V r 'u*' ’ ^ ^'^=itthio'us faith, that the Iced both at the male and female Mercury boiled with wormwood and(kank, cureth the yellow ftiumlice a lpeed> manner. I he leaves or the juiij rubbed upon vyarts, taketh them away. The juice mi nglc-d with ome vinegar, helpeth all running fcabs, tetters riii'*- worms, and the itch. Galen faith, that beiil" apo S m manner ol a poultice to any bvel imr m ° it digelteth the fwelling. aSdave flh^^ hclly ofkiifivc humours. ^l he Dog Mercury, although 192 The Englifh Phyfician Enlarged. it be lefs ufed, yet may ferve in- the fame manner, to the fame purpofe, to purge watcrifli and mdancholr humours. ^ Mint. OF all the kinds of Mint, the Spear Mint, or Heart Mint, being moft ufual, I (hall only defcribe as follows ; De/cript.~\ Spear Mint hath divers round flalks, and long but narrowilh leaves fet thereon, of a dark green colour. The flowers (land in fpiked heads at the tops of the branches, being of a pale blue colour. The fmell or fcent thereof is fomewhat near unto Bafil ; it increafeth by the root under ground, as all others do. Place.~\ ft is an ufual inhabitant in gardens : and be- caufe it feldom giveth any good feed, the efFeds is re- compenfed by the plentiful increafe of the root, which being once planted in a garden, will hardly be rid our again. Time.'] Itflowereth not until the beginning ofAugufl, for the moft part. Go vernment and Virtuei] It is an herb of Venus, Diof- eorides faith it hath a heiting, binding and drying qua- lity, and therefore the juice taken in vinegar, ftayeth bleeding -. it ftirreth up veriery, or bodily luft ; two or three bimnehes thereof taken in the juice of four pome- granates, ftayeth the hiccough, vomiting, and allayclii the choler. It diflblveth iinpofthumes being laid to with barley-meal. It is good to reprefs the milk in womens breafts, and for fuch as have fwollen, flagging, or great breafts. Applied with fait, it helpcth the biting of a mad dog ; with mead and honied water, it eafeth the pains of the ears, and taketh away the rough- nefs of the tongue, being rubbed thereupon. It iut- fereth not milk to curdle in the ftomach, if the leaves thereof be fteeped or boiled in it before you drink it : briefly it is very profitable to the llomach. Ihe often tife hereof is a very powerful medicine to ftay womens courfes and the whites. Applied to the forehead and temples, it eafeth the pains in the head, and Is good to wa(h the heads of young children therewith, againft all manner of breakings-out, fores or Icabs therein, and healeth the chops of the fundament. It is alfo profitable aeainft the poifon of venomous creatures. The dilhiled water of mint is available *0 all the purpofes afore;aid. The EngliOi Phyjician Enlarged. 193 yet more -weakly. But if a fpirit thereof be rightly and e.hymieally drawn, it is much more powerful than the horl) itfelf. Simeon Sethi faith, it helpeth a cold liver, ilrengthonoth thebdlv, caufeth digeltion, llaycth vomits and the hiccough ; it is goodagainll the gnawing of the heart, pro\oketh apjtetite, takclh away oblh-udions of the liver, and Ilirreth up bodily lull: ; but therelbre too mucii mult not be taken, becaufe it maketh the blood thin ami w'heyilh, and turnetli it into clioler, tlicrefore cholerick perlbn.s mull abllain from it. It is a fafe medi- cine for the biting of a mad dog, being bruil'ed with fait, and laid thereon. The powder of it being dried and taken after meat, helpeth digeftion, and thole that are fplejietick. d’aken with wine, it helpeth women in their fore travail of child-bearing. It is good againll tlie gravel and ftone in the kidnies, and the itrangury. Being fmel- led unto, it is comfortable for the head and memor)'. 1 he decofUon hereof gargled in the mouth, cureth the gums and mouth that are fore, and mendeth an ill-fa- voured breath, as allb the rue and coriander, caufeth the palate of the mouth to turn to its place, the decoftiou beiiig gargled and held in the mouth. I he virtues of the Wild or Horl'e-mint, fuch as grow in ditches (whofe defeription I purpofely omitted, in re- gard they are well enough known) are efpecial to dilTol ve wind in the Ilomach, to help the colic, and thofe that a*e Ihort-winded, and arc an efpecial remedy for thofe that have venereal dreams and pollutions in the night, being <)Utwardly applied to the tcllicles or cods. The juice dropped into the ears eafeth the pains of them, and de- liroycth the worms that breed therein. They are good againll the venomous biting of ferpents. 'J'he juice laid king’s evil, or kernels in the throat, Ihedecoftion or dillilled water helpeth a Itink- ing breath, proceeding Irom corruption of the teeth, andfnuffed up the nofe, purgeth the head. Pliny faith, that eating ol the leaves hath been found by exi)erience to cure theleprofy, applying fome of them to the face, and to help the fciirl or uandrifF of the head, u fed with vinegar. They are extreme bad for wounded people; and they fay a wounded man that eats Mint, his wound Will never be cured^ uuU that is u long day# MiHeltOt *94 Englifh Phyjician. Enlarged, i Miflelto. lDtfcrlpt.'\ ' I '^HIS rlfeth up from the branch or arm of ■* the tree whereon it groweih, with a, woody flem, ' putting, itfelf into fundry branches, and they again divided into many other fmaller twigs, in- terlacing themfelves one within another, very much covered with a greyilh green bark, having two leaves fet at every joint, and at the end likewife, which are fomewhat long and narrow, fmall at the bottom, hut broader towards the end. At the knots or joints of the boughs and branches grow fmall yellow flowers, which run into fmall, round, w'hite, tranfparent berries, three or four together, full of a glutinous raoiflurc, with a blackilh feed in each of them, which was- never yet known to fpring, being put into the ground, or any where elfe to grow. Place.^ It groweth very rarely on oaks w ith us ; but upon (undry other, as well timber as fruit-trces> plen— tttully in woody groves, and the like, through all this land. Tme.'] It flowereth in the Spring-time, but the bersA*s arc irot ripe until Odlober, and abideth on the branches- all the Winter, unlefs the black-birds, and, other birds, do devour them. Go’vtrnment and Virtues.')^ This is under the dominion ok the Sun, I do not q.ue(Hon ; and can alfo take for granr- ed, that that which grow’s upon oaks, participates fome- thing of the nature of jupiter, becaule an oak is one of his trees ; as all'o that which grows apon pear-trees, and' apple-trees, participates fomething of his nature, be- caufe he rules the tree it grows upon, having no root of his own. But why that iliould have moll virtues that grows upon oaks 1 know not, unlefs becaufe it is rareft and hardeft to come by ; and our college’s opinion is in this contrary to fcripture, which faith, G.od‘s tender mtrciet are ever all his 'works ; and fo it is, let the college of phyficians walk as- contraiy to him as they pleafe, aiid that is as contrary as the eait to the w’ell. t'lufius al- firms, that which grows upon pear trees to be as pre- valent, and gives order, that it fltould not touch the ground alter it is gathered ; and alfo faith,, that, being hung about the neck, it remedies w itchcraft. Both the lea\es and berries of Milfelto tlo heat and dry, and are of fujjtil parts ; the bird ima doth mollily hard knots, tumours, and impolthiuncs j ripcneih and difeufleth them. The Englifii Phyjician Enlarged. 1-9^5 them, aiul draweth forth thick as well as thin humours from the remote parts of the body, dii>elling aiul fepa-. rating them. And being mixed wrth equal parts of lofin and wax, doth mollify the hardnefs of the fpleen, .•md helpeth old ulcers and fores. Being mixed with fandarick and orpiment, it helpeth to draw ofF foul nails ; and if quickdime and wine lees be added there- unto, it worketh the flr(m.',er. 'I’he M'iiFelto itfelf of the oak (as the bell) made into powder, and given in rlrink to thofe that have the faiiing-ficknels, doth af- furedly heal them, as Matthiolus faith ; but it is fit to- iP'e it for forty days together. Some have fo highly efteemed it for the virtues thereof, that they have called it Lignum Han^iee Crucis, Wood of the Holy Crofs, be- lieving it helps the falling-ficknefs, apoplexy and palfy very fpeed’.ly, not only to be ui-wardly taken, but to be hung at their neck. Tragus faith, that the freOi wood ©f any Mifl'clto- bruifed^ and the juice drawn forth and dropped in the- ears that have impollhumcs in thein^ doth help and eafe them within a few days. Moneywort, or Herb Twopence. De/criJU-l 'HE common' Moneywort fendeth forth A from a fmall thready root, divers, long^ weak, and flender branches, lying and runnrng- upon the ground two or three feet long or more, fetwith lea ves two at a joint one a«aiall another at equal diftances,. which are almolt round, biat pointed at the ends, fmooth, and of a good green colour. At the joints with the leaves from the middle forward come forth at every point fonietiiues one yellow flower, and fometimes two. Hand-* ing each on a Imall foot-ftalk, and made of live leaves, narrow-pointed at the end, with fome yellow threads in the middle, which being pall, there Hand in their place- fmall round heads of feed. P/ace.} it groweth plentifully in almoll all places of this land, commonly in moill grounds, by hedge-fides,. and in the middle of grafs-fields. ^ Time,] They flower in June andJuly, and their feed IS ripe quickly after. Goveinmini a’tii Pirtues.] Ycinxs owns It. Moneywort Is fingular good to Hay all fluxes in man or woman, whether they be lafks, bloody-fluxcs, the fl'^wing of womens courfcs. Bleeding inwardly or outwardly, and th« 196 Tht Englifh Phyjician Enlarged. the weaknefsof the ftomnch that is given to carfting. It Is very good alfo for the ulcers or excoriations of the lungs, or other inward parts. It is exceeding good i'or all wounds, either trelh or green, to heal them fpeedilv, and for all ulcers that are of a fpreading nature. For all which purpofes the juice of the herb, or the powder drank in water wherein hot Heel hath been often quenched; or the decoftion of the green herb, in wine, or water, drank, or ufed to the outward place, to wafh or bathe them, or to have tents dipped therein and put into them, are eiFeftual. Moonwort. De/cripl.'] TT rifeth up ufually but with one daiF green, A thick and flat leaf. Handing upon a fhort foot-Halk not above two fingers breadth ; but when it flowers it may be faidto bear a fmall flender Halk about four or five inches high, having but one leaf in the mid- dle thereof, which is much divided on both fides, into fometimes five or feven parts on a fide, fometimes more; each of which parts is fmall like the middle rib, but broad forwards, pointed and round, refembling therein a half moon, from whence it took the name; the uppermoH parts or divifions being bigger than the loweit. The Halks rife above this leaf two or three inches, bearing mai y branches of fmall long tongues, every one like the fpiky head of the adder’s tongues, of a brownifli colour, (whether 1 fliall call them flowersorthe feed, I well know not) which after they have continued a while, refolve into a mealy dull. The root is fmall and fibrous ; this hath fometimes divers fuch like leaves as arc before de- feribed, with fo many branches or tops rifing from one -ftalk, each divided from the other. P/ace ] It groweih on hills and heaths, yet where there is much grafs, for therein it delighteth to grow. Time.] It is to be found only in April and May ; for in June, when any hot weather cometh, for the moH part it is withered and gone. Government and Virtues.] The Moon owns the herb. Moonwort is cold andtlrying moretlia 1 adder’s tongue, and is therefore held to be more available for all wounds b>)th inwanl and outward. The leaves boiled in red •wine, and drank, Hay the immoderate flux of women’s courfes. The EngHHi Phyfician Enlarged. igj drturfcs, and the whites. It alto ftayeth bleedings romit- iiifi' aiul otlier fluxes. It helpetli all blows ami bruiles, and to conlolidate all tractures and diflocations. It is frood lor ruptures, but it is chiefly u'.'ed by moll, wi h other herbs to m.ake oils orbalfains t(j heal trefhor green wounds, (as I laid before) eitherinwaril or outward, for u hich it is excellent good. Moonwort is an herb which (they fay) will open loclis and luilhoe fuch horles as treed upon it ; this fome laugh to fcorn, and thole no fuiall fools neither, but coun- try people that I know, call it Unlhoe the Horfe. Befides 1 have heard commanders lav, that on White Down, i I Devonfliire, near Tiverton, there were found thirty horfe-lhoes, pullerl off from the feet of the Earl of ElFex’s horles, being there drawn up in a body, many of them being but newly fliod, and no reafon known, which caufed much admiration, and the herb deferibed, afually grows upon heaths. Mofles, I SHALL not trouble the reader with a defcriptlon of thefe, fince my intent is to fpeak only of two kinds, as the moll principal, viz. Ground Mofs and Tree Mofs, both which are very well known. Place.~] The Ground Mofs groweth in our moift woods, .and in the bottom of hills, in boggy groumls, and in fliadowy ditches, and many other fuch like places. The Tree Mofs groweth only on trees. Govtrnmfnt and Pirtues.^ All forts of Modes are under the dominion of Saturn. The ground Mofs is laid to be Angular good to break the ilone, and to expel and drive it lorth by urine, being boiled in wine and drank. The licrb being bruifed, boiled in water and applied, eafeth, all inflammations and pains coming from an hot caufe, and is therefore ufed to cafe the pains of the gout. The free -Mofles are cooling and binding, and partake ofa digelUng and mollifying quality withal, as Galen faith. But each Mofs doth partake of the nature of the tiee Irom whence it is taken ; therelore that of the oak is more binding, and is ol good efteft to flay fluxes in man or woman ; as alfo vomiting or bleeding, the p >wder tiicrcot being takcuiii whit;. 'I he deco^liun thereof iu wqne is very good for women to be bathed, or fit in, that are 198 The Fngl'ifli Thyfieian Enlarged^ tire troubled with the overflowing of their courfes. 'Hie fame being drank, ftayeih the ftomach that is troubled 'N ith calling, or the hiccough ; and as Avicena faith, it comforteth the heart. The powder thereof taken in drink, foj fbnie time together, is thought available for the dropfj. Tlie oil that had frelh Mofs lleeped therein for a time, and afterwards boiled and applietl tx) the temples and forehead, doth marvelloufly eafethe head ach coming of a hot caufe; as alfo the diltiliation of hot rheums or hu- mours in the eyes, or other parts. The ancients much ufed it in their ointments aiul other medicines againli the laflirude, and to flrengthen and comfort the finews ; for which, it it was good then, I know no rcafon. but- it may be found fo iTill. Motherwort, Defeript^Y If 'HIS hath a hard, fquare, brownffh, rough, ■A lirong Hulk, rliing three or four feet high at lead, fpreadnig into many branches, whereon grow leaves on each fide, with long foot flalks, two at every joint, which are fometvhat broad and long, as if itr wer« rough or coupled, w'ith many great veins therein of a fad green colour, and deeply dented about the edges, and’ 3lmoft divided. From the middle of the branches up to the tops of them ('which are long- and fmaJl), grow the- flowers round them at diflances, fliarp-pointed, rough, hard hulks, of a more led or purple colour than balm or horehound, but in the fame manner or formas the hore- hounds, after which come fmall, round, blackilh feeds in. great plenty. The root fendeth forth a number of long firings and fmall fihi'es, taking firong hold in the ground, of a dark yellowifli oi brownilli colour, and abideth as the horehound doth ; the fmell of this not much dilfereth from it. Place.] It growethonly in gardens with us in England. Government and Virtue^ ] Venus owns tlie herb, and it is under Leo. 'rheve is no better herb to take melancholy vapours iVom, the heart, (Irengthen it, and makea merry,, chearful, blythe foul, than this herb. It may be kept in x fyrup orconferve; tlierelorc the Latins called itCariliaca, Befides, it makes women joylul mothers of children, and fettles their wombs as they Ihould be, therelorc we call it Motherwort. It is held to be of much ufe for the trembling of the heart, and faintings and fwooniiigs ; ^ from Tke Engllfh Fhyjician Enlarged. 199 from whence it took the name C ardiaca. The powder thereof, to the quantity of a lpoontnl, clrank in wine, is a wonderful help tp women- ii> their lore travail ; as *lfo for the fufFocating or rifmgs of the motlier ; and for thefe effedFs it is likely it tooK the name of Mother- wort with us. It alfo provoketh mine and women-s courfes, cleaiUetli the cheltofcold phlcguj oppreffing it, Lilleth worms in the belly. It is of good ufe to warm and dry up the humours, to digell aid dil[)erfe them that are fettled in the veins, joints, and finews oi the-, body, and to help cramps and convulfions. Mo-uFe-Ear. ]\ ,'TOUSE-Ear is a low herb, creeping upon iVl the ground by fmall firings, like the ftra wherry plant, whereby it thooteth forth fmall roots, whereat grow upon the ground many fmall and fome- what Ihort leaves, fet iaa round form together, and ver}' hairy, which being limken, do give a whitifh milk t from among thefe leaves fpring up two or three fmall hoary ftalks about a fpan high, with a few fmaller leaves thereon ; at the tops whereof ftandeth ufually but one flower, confiding of many pale yellow leaves, broad at the point, and a little dented in, fet in three or four rowa (the- greater part uppermoft) very like- a- dandelion flower, and a little reddifli underneath about the edges, efpecially if k grow in a dry ground ; which after the)( have flood long in flower, do turn into down, which with the feed is carried away with the wind. Place.'\ It groweth on ditch banks, and fometiines in ditches, if they be dry, and In fandy grounds. It flowereth about June or July, and abideth green all the Winter. Government and Virtue!. ~\ 'I’he Moon owns this herb alia; and though authors cry out upon alchymills, for attempting to fix quickfilver by this, herb and Moon- wort, a Roman would not have judjjed a thing by the fuccefs; if it be to be fixed at all, it is by lunar in- fluence. The juice thereof taken in wine, or the decoc- tion thereof drank, doth help the jaundice, although of long contituiance, to drink thereol' morning and even- ing, and abllain from other drink two or three hours alter. It is a fpecial remeily againll the Hone, and the t lunenting^ jiains thereol ; as alfo other tortures and giiping pains ol the bowels, fhe flecoition thereof \iith 200 The Englifli Phyfician EnUrged. V ith fiic.’ory am centaury is held very effeaual t(, T,el.. ti e drop fy and them tliat are inclining thereto, ami thJ. A""'-- blood,. • thti at the mouth or uofe, and inward bleeding alfo ; Jr It IS n ftntriiiol* Y . . .1 r , ’ r ; . - , — Mi»iuu uieecnnc* alu) ; wnr f t wound herb for wounds both in-. he‘nll?';i bydpeth the bloody-flux, and! hdpah the abundance ot womens courfes. 'There is a. yrup made ot the juice hereof, and fugar, by the apo-- thecauesol Italy, and other places, which is of much account with them, to be given to thofethat are troubled with the cough or phthilick. 'The fame i^ ali'o fmgular good lor ruptures or burliings. 'I'he green "herb bunted, and pretently bound to any cut or wound, cloth quickly folder the lips thereof; and the juice, de- coction, or powder of the dried herb, is molt fmgular to itay malignity of fpreading and fretting cankers and ulcers whatloever ; yea, ill the mouth and fecret parts. Ihe diltilled water of the plant is available in all dil- eafes aforefaid, and to wafh outward wounds and fores, and apply tents of cloths wet therein. Mugwort. JD^r/^/./^OMMON Mugwort hath divers leaves lying upon the ground, very much divided, or cut deeply in about the brims, fomewhat like worm- wood, but much larger, ot a dark green colour on the upper Ude, and very hoary white underneath. 'I'he llalks rife to be four or five feet high, having on it fuch like leaves as thofe below", but fomewhat fmaller, branching forth very much towards the top, whereon are fet very fmall, pale, yellowitli flowers, like buttons, which fall away, and after them come fmall feeds in- clofed in round heads. 'J'he root is long and hard, with many fmall fibres growing from it, whereby it taketh Itrong hold on the ground : but both llalks and leaf do lie down every year, and the root (hooteih anew in the Spring, 'i he whole plant is of a reafonable feent, and is more eafily pro]>agated by the flips than the feed. F/ace.] It groweth plentifully in many jdaces of this land by the water-tides ; as alfo by fmall water-courfes, and in divers other places. ‘Jime.] it flowereth and feedeth in the end ofSummer. Government and Firtues^l 'This is an lierb of Venus, therefore inaintuinclh the parts ol‘ the body the rulo, re- medies T.he Fnglifh Phyfician Enlarged. 201 Pie<1it.-s tlic difcafcs of the parts that are under her {i»-ns Taurus and labra. Miigvvort is with good fuccefs put among other- herbs that arc boiled for women to, fit over tlie hot decoiffion to draw down their courles, to help the deliver}- of their birth, and expel the after-birth. As alfo for theobllruftionsand inflammations of.the mother. It breaketh the Hone, and caufcth one to make water where it is Hopped. The juice thereof made up -with myrrh, and put under as a pcHary, worketh the fame efFefts, and lo doth the root alfo. Being made up with hog’s greafe into an ointment, it taketh away wens and hard knots, and kernels that grow about the neck and throat, and eafeth the pains about the neck more effec- tually, if foine field dairies be put with it. The herb it- felt being freih, or the juice thereof taken, is a fpecial remedy upon the overmuch taking of opium. IHiree drams of the powder of the dried leaves taken'in w’ine i-' a tpeedy and the belt certain help for the fciatica. A decodion thereof made with camomile and agrirnonv-. and the place bathed therewith while it is warm, taketh away the pains of the finews, and the cramp. Th-e Mulberry Tree. IS fo well known where it groweth, that it ■» ncecleth no defeription. Jt beareth fruit in the months of .fulv and Aul-uH Go-vernment and , J Mercury rules the Tree, therel fore are its efFefts variable as his are. TlieMulberrv isof different parts ; the ripe berries, tiy reafon oftheirf\veet- K-l> and flipperynioiHure, opening the body, and tli* unnpe binding it, elpecially when they are dried and then they are good to (lay fluxes, lafksg and the abun dance ol womens courfes. 'I'he bark ol' the root killetiv the broad worms in the body. T|,e Juice or the fvrun made of the juice ot the berries, helpeth all inflammafioiis or fores in the mouth, or throat, and i.alate ofthe mouth hen It IS fallen down. 'I'he i nice of tf,.. , the mouth and teeth when they aeh If d “ ^e.xt SBC2 'I he Englifli Thyficum Enlarged. next thereunto, in the harvi‘ft-time, it will give out a. certain juice, which beinghardenecl the next day, is of' good life to help the tooth-ach, to diflblve knots, and purge the belly. Tlic leavei^ ofMulberries are faidto Hay bleeding at the mouth or no(x‘, or the bleeding of the’ piles, or of a wound, being bound into the places. A. iiranch of the tree talNcn VN hen the Mocn is at the full,, ■and bound to the wrilh of a woman's arm, whofe courfe.s» come down too much, doth fla)" them in a (hort fpace. Mullein. Ttefeript."] /^OM^TON ^Vhite Mullein hath many fair, . large, w oolly white leaves, lying next the* ground, fomewhat larger than broad, pointed at the end,, and as it were dented about the edges. The Italk rifethi lip to be four or fi\'e feet high, covered over with lucli. like leaves, but leller, fo that no llalkcan be feen for the* multitude of leaves thereon up to the flowers, which'. petite it, take olhMultard-l’eed a dram, cinnamon as much, and hav ing beaten them to powder, and hall' as much maftickin powder, and with gum ara- bick dill'olved in rol'e-watcr, make it up into troches, of which they may tal.e one of about half a dram-weight an hour or two Irefore meals ; let old men and women make much of this medicine, and they will either give me thanks, or Ihcw manil'ell ingratitude. Muftard-fead hath the virtue ofheat, difctiffing, rarifv ing, and drawing out fplinters of bones, :ind other things of the Helh. It is of good eft-' di to bring- down womens courfes, lor the falting-ficknefs or Lthnrgv, drowTy forgetful evil, to ufe it both inwardly and ^ Nettles. known, that they need no ifea .Xht ‘ '’r ''''“"S. m the you h„„.- w hXnr^Td ”!d m, i’’’ i’"' you may know as w».|l I r , xr '"oid } then in the Sprine confumeth vh "'hX^'^^ttle-tops eaten the bod/of maT th o ph egmat.c fuperfluities in 'Vinter hath Ie?"behb d IT of the juice of either of tltm cnoth°' T"' tuary with honey and fuuar is a r-Jr to open the pipes and nafla r medicine • the caufe ofwheezina and flio a ol the lungs, which is “^th to expertorate tough phlegmf a\ dfoT/'^^ tporthuined nleurirv nnrl Vn. raife the nn- helpetli the fwelliny o['the^aImoiid^'''in''H . mouth and throat l)ei„e aaral.°, ,h '? the ir alfo effeaual to fetdl « 'f rk‘‘''- '«'« Juice place, and heal and tenroer tl e ;„n mouth, in itj ncfroi; the m„„th .1 r at ““ utfe /ife^r“a^ at al-rri':* *- ' plicJ 2o8 *The Englifh Ph^Jician Enlarged. plied outwardly, ^<■ith a little myrrh. The fame alfo, or the feed, provoketh urine and expelleth the gravel and floneln the reins or bladder, often proved to be effeftual in many that have taken it. I'he fam« killeth the worms in chiUlren, eafeth pains in the fides and diffolvcth the windinefs in tlie fplecn, as alfo the body, aivht)ugh others think it only powerful to provoke venery. ^ he juice of , the leaves taken two or three days together, (1 ayeih bleed- ing at the mouth. The feed drank, is a remedy againil; the Hinging of venomous creatures, the biting of mad dogs, the poifonous qualities of hemlock, henbane, iiightfliade, mandrake, or fuch like herbs that ftupify or dull the fenfes; as alfo the lethargy, efpecially to ufe it outward!)’’, to rub the forehead ortem]ileiU the lethargy, and the places Hung or bitten with bealis, with a little fait. The difliljed water of th;* herb is alfo efFedlual (though not fo powerful) for the difeafes afe-refaid ; as for outward wounds and fores to wafh them, and cleanfe the Ikin from morphew, leprofy and other dif- colourings thereof. The feeketh urine and refideth the poifon of venomous ots hereof taken in wine and vinegar, of each equal parts, and the party laid prefently to fvveat thereupon, IS held to be a fovereign remedy for thofe that are iir- iefted with the plague, anti have a fore upon them, by expelling the poifon and infeaion, and defending the heart and fpirits from danger. It is a fingulargood wound herb, and is thereupon ufed with other the like effects in many compound balms for curing of wounds, be green, or old and malignant, and efpcci- all}' if the fmews be burnt. ^ IT hath gotten alino/l as many fevcral names attributed to the levernl forfs of it, as would alinoll fill a fhect of paper; as dog-floncs, goat-llones, fool-ftono.s, fox- Oats. One Blade. Orchis. lloues, ^ 2,12 The Englifh Phyfician Enlarged, teZi To clefcribe all the feveral forts of it were an encllels piece of work ; therefore I lhall only de^-ribe the they. are to be ufed with foine dii'cretion. hey have each ot them a double root within, fome of ^ : thefe alter everv ?hp r.^>; courfe, when the one rifeth and waxeth iulf, wLh h'r P«>;i<^eth ; now. it is that r„- " ftill \yhica IS to be tiled in medicines, the other Leing either cd no ule, or elfe according to the humour ot lome It cleftroys and difannuls the virtue of the other quite undoing what that doth. . ^ J'/w#.] One or other of them may be found in flower, Irom the beginning of April to the latter end of Auirult! Govermi Firtueu They are hot and moift inope- ration, under the dominion of Dame Venus, and pro- voke lull exceedingly, which, they fay, the dried and withered roots do reltrain. They are held to kill worms, in children; as alfo, being bruifed and applied to the place, to heal the king’s evil. Onions. ^^HEY are fo well known, that I need not fpend time about writing a defeription of them. Go'vernment and Virtues.]. Mars own them and they have this quality, to draw any corruption to them, lor if you peel one, and lay it upon a dunghill, you lhall find him rotten in half a day, by drawing putrefadion to it; then being bruifed and applied fo a plague fore, it is very probable it will do the like. Onions are flatulent, or windy, yet they do fomewhat provoke appetite, increafe thirft,«afe the belly and bowels, provoke womens cour- I'es, help the biting ol a inad dog, and of other veno- mous creatures, to be ufed with honey and rue, increafe Iperm, elpecially the feed of them, "i hey alfo kill w orms ill children il they drink the water falling w herein, fhey have been lieeped all night. Being roalted under the en>- liers and eaten with honey, or liigar and oil, the} much conduce to help an inveterate cough, and expedorate the tough phlegm. The juice being fnufied up in the nolirlls, purgetli the lieacl, and Iielpcth the lethargy; vet the olteti eating thcin is laiilto procure pain.^ intlicheacl^ The Englifli Phyfidan Enlarged. . 213 It hath been hc'.cl bv lUvevs country peopie ft gieat pre- I'ervative againft inleflion, to eat Onioiw farting \^ith bread and fait ; as allb to make a great Onion hollow, filling it witli good treacle, and afterwards to roart it Avell under the embers, which, after taking away the outermoll (kin thereof, l)eing beaten together, is fove- reign falve fo;- either plague or fores, or any other pu- trified ulcer. The juice oi Onions is good for either fcald- ing or burning by fire, water, or gunpowder, and ufed with vinegar, taketh away all blemiflies, fpots and marks in the fkin ; and dropped into the eai's, eafeth the pains antj noife of them. Applied with figs beaten together, helpeth to ripen and break impolthumes and other fores. Leeks are as like them in quality, as the pome-wat.'r is like an apple ; they arc a remedy agaTiift a furfeit of mulhrooms, being baked under the embers and taken ; and being boiled and applied ver}' warm, help the piles. ] n other things they ha\ e the fame property as the Onions, although not fo e&dtual. Orpine. I D/cript.l /COMMON Orpine rifeth up with divers round brittle- (talks, thick fet with flat and flefh)- leaves, without any order, and little or nothing dented about the edges, of a green colour. The flowers are white, or whitifh, growing in tufts, after which come fmall chaffy hnfks, with feeds like dn ft in them. 'The roots are divers thick, round white, tuberous clogs; and the jdant growelh not fo big in fome places as in others w here it is fouml. Place.'] (t is frequent in almoft every county in this land, and is cheri'hedin gardens with us, where it grow- eth greater than that which is wild, and groweth in flia- djwy fries of fields and woods. Time.] It flovvereth about July, and the feed is ripe in Augult. Government and Virtues.] The Moou owns the herb, and be that knows but her exaltation, knows what I fay is true. Orpiiie i, leldom nfed in inward medicines with ns, although Tragus fa th I'rom experience in Germany, tint the dittilled uater thereof Is profitable for gnawings or e.xcoriations in the Itomaeh or bowels, or for ulcers ia J- ‘ the 2f4 The EngTrlJi' PAyfiaavt Entaf^e^. the limgs liyei- or other inward parts, as alfo in the tnx, and helpeth all thofe difeafe, being drank for cer- tam days together. It Wth the fharpnefs of humours in the bloody flux, and other fluxes in the body or in wouTlds, The root tliereof alfo peiTormcth the like ef- left. Jt IS ufed outwardly to cool heat or inflammation upon any hurt or wound, and cafeth the pains' of them • as a'lfo to heal fcaldings and burnings, the juice thereof' ^ing beaten with fome green fallsd oil and anointed. The Iccit bruifed and Idfid to any green wound in the hands or legs, doth heal them (juickly; and being bound to the throat, much helpteth the quinfy ; it helpeth alfo luptures and burftennefs. Ifyou pleafeto make thejuice thereof into a fyrup with honey or fugar, you mayfafely take a fpooivtul or two at a time, (let mv author fay what he will) for a quinfy, and you {hall' find the me-^ dicine mote plea fan t, aitd the cure morefpeedy,- than r'f you had tsken dog s turd, which is the vufgaT cure. Parfley. This is fo wdl known that it needs iro defeription'.- Govirriment and f'ir/ues.'] It is under the dominioiV of Mercury ; is very comfortable to the ftomhcli ; helpetir to provoke urine and women’s courfes, to break wind both in the ftomach an'd bowels, and doth a little opetr the l>ody, but the root much more/ It openeth' oh lime-- tions both of Irverand fplcen, and is therefore nccouuted one of the five opening foots. Galen commended if againft the falling ficknefs, and to provoke urine might- ily, efpecially if t he roots be burled and eaten like par-f fnips. The feed is efreflual to provoke urine and wo- men’s courfes, to expel wind, to break the {tone, and eafe the pains and torments thereof; it is alfo effeflual againll the \ enom of any poifonous creature, and the danger that coineth to them that have the lethargy, mul IS good againfl the cough. The diftilled water of lharfley is a familiar medicine with mules to give their children when they are troubled with wind in the liomftch or belly, which they call the frets ; and is much available to them that are of great years. The leaves of Parfley laid to the eyes that are inflamed with heat, or fwollen, doth much help them, ifit be ufed with bread and meal; and ^he Engli/Ti Phyjician Pntargei. 2:15 ' aiul being fried with butter, and applied to women*' breads that are hard through the curdling of their milk» it abateth the hardnefs quickly, and alfo taketh.away black and blue marks coining of bruifes or falls. The juice thereof dropped in the ears with a little wine, ea- feth the pains. Tragus fetteth d >wn an excellent medi- cine to help the jaundiceand falling ficknefs, the dropfy# and (lone iu the kulnies, in this maimer; take of the feed of Parfley, Fennel, Annife,aud Carra ways, of each .an ounce ; of the roots ot Parfley, Burnet, Saxifrage and Carra ways, of each an ounce and an half; let the feeds be bruifed, and the roots walked and cut fmall ; let them lie all night in deep in a bottle of white wine, and in the morning be boiled in a clofe earthen velTel, until a third part or more be walled ; vyhich being drained and cleared, take four ounces theretof, morning and evening, fir't and lad, abdaining from drink after it toC three hours. 'Phis openeth obllrudlions of the liver and fiileen, and expelleth the dropfy or jaundice by urine. ParOcy Piert, or Parfley Breakftoae, De/cript.'] rTr'HK root, although it be veiy fmall and A thready, yet it continues many years, from 'whence arife many leaves lying along on the ground, each Handing upon a long fmall fuot-llalk, the leaves as- broad as a man’s nail, very deeply dented on the edges, fomewhat like a parfley leaf, but of a very dulky green col'jur. The (talks arc very weak and (lender, about three or four fingers in length, fct fo full of leaves that they can hartlly be feen, cither having no foot-dalk at all, or but very Ihort ; the flowers are fo fmall they can liarclly be feen, and the feed as fmall a.s may be. Place.~] It is a common herb throughout the nation, and rejuiceth in barren, fandy, mold places. It may be found pleiuifully about Hamplload-Beath, Hyde-Fark, and in rothill-h ields. Time } It may be found all tlte Summer-time, evet» from the beginning of April to the end of Oftober. Government and Pirtuet.'\ Its operation is veVy prevalent t;> provoke urine, and to break the-llone. It is a very good fallad herb. It were good the gentry would pkkle it up as they pickle up famphire tor their ufe all the Winter. I cannot teach them bow to do it; -vet this I L6 can 2l6 The Englifii Phyfician Enlarged. can tell them, it is a very wholefome herb. Thcvmiv alfo keep the herb dry, or in a fvrup, if they pW7 \ ou may take a dram of the po-.v Jer if it in vvddte u hS - It vyould bring away gravel from the kidnies infen fibly' < cl Without pain. It alfo helps the -llrangiiry. ^ Parfnip. ^T^HE garden kind thereof is fo well kno\Vn (the root eaten) that I fliall not trouble you ;^'th any defcnption ofit. But the wild being of more pfi} fical life I (hall in this place deferibe it unto you. Oefenpu^ Ihe wild Parfnip dilFereth little from the garden, but groweth not fo fair and large, nor hath fo many leaves, and the root is Ihorter, more woody, and arot lo fit to be eaten, and therefore more medicinal. Ftac^\ I he name of the firft (heweth the place of its growth. The other groweth wild in divers places, as in the marlhes by Rocheiler, and elfewhere, and flowereth 311 .H'ly ; the leed being ripe about the beginning of Au- guft, the fecondyear after the lowing; tor if they do not ilower the firft year, the country people call them Mad- aieps. Government and Virtues. The garden Parfnips are iin- dei \ enus ; it nourilheth much, and is good and whole- fome, but a little windy, whereby it is thought to pro- cure bociily lull; ; but it fatteneth the bod}' much if much ufed. It is conducible to the llomach and reins, andpro- voketh urine. The wild Parfiiij) hath a cutting, attenii-. ating, cleanfing and opening quality therein, it relilleth and helpeth the bitings of ferpents, eafeth the pains and Hitches in the (ides, and dilTolveth wind, both in the do- inach and bowels, which is the colic, and provoketh urine. The root is olten ufed, but the feed much nlbre. 1 he wild being better than the tame, fliews Dame Nature 4o be the bed phj'fician. Cow Parfnip. De/cript.'\ ^ groweth with three or four large X fpread-winged, rough leaves, lying of- ten on the grounci, or ell’e raifed a little from it, with long, round hairy foot-llalks under them, parted ufually into five divifions, the two couple Handing cachagainlt the other ; and one at the end, and each being almod The Englifh Phyjician Enlarged. 2 1 7 almolt round, yet fomewhat deeply cut in on the edges In fome leaves, and not lb deep in others, ol’ a whitilh green colour, I'inelling fomewhat ftrongly ; among which rifeth up a round, crufted, hairy italk, two or three feet high, with a few joints and leaves thereon,, and branched at the top, where Hand large umbels ot* white, and fometimes reddifh flowers, and after them, flat, whitilh, thin, winged feed, two always joined to- gether. The root is long and white, with two or three long llrings growing down into the ground, fmelling likeu ife (hongly and unpleafant. Place It groweth In moill meadows, the borders and! corners of fields, and near ditches, through this land. ^ime ] It flowereth in July, and feedeth in Auguft. Government and Virtues.'^ Mercury hath the dominion over them. The feed thereof, as*Galen faith, is of a ftiarp and cutting quality, and therefore is a fit medicine for a cough and Ihortnefs of breath, the falling-ficknefs and jaundice. The root is available to all the purpofes aforefaid, and i.s alio of groat ufe to take away the hard Ikin that groweth on a fillula, if it be but fcraped upori it. I he feed hereot being drank, cleanfeth the belly from tough phlegmatic water therein, eafeth them that are liv<;r-grown, womens paflions of the nrother, as well being drank as the fmokc thereof receix'ed underneath, and likewife rifeth fuch as are fallen into a deep fleep, or have the lethargy, by burning it under their nofe. The feed and root boiled in oil, and the head rubbed therewith, heli>eth not only thofe that are fallen into a frenzy, but alio the lethargy or drowfy evil, and thofe that have been long troubled with the head-ach, if it be likewile ufed with rue. Jt helpeth alfo the running fcab and the fliingles. 1 he juice oi the flowers dropped into the ears that run and are full of matter, cleanfeth and healeth them. The Peach-Tree. De/cri[t.'\ \ Peach-Tree groweth not fo great as the ' ^ Apricot-Tree, yet fpreadeth branches rcafonable well, Iroin whence fpring fmaller reddilh twigs, whereon are fet long and narrow green leaves dented about the edges. I'he bloflbms are greater than the plum, and of a light purple colour ; the fruit round, and fometimes as big as a reafonable pippin, others Imaller, as alfo differing in colour and talle, as ruffet, red. 2i8 The Englilh Phyfician Enlarged. red, or yellow, waterifh or firm, with a irize or coU ton all over, with a cleft therein like an apricot, and a ruggeJ, (urrowed great ftone within it, and a bitter kernel within the Hone. It fooner waxeth old, and de- cayeth, than the apricot, by much, P/ace.] 'Ihey are nurfed in gardens and orchards through this land. Time.] They flower in the Spring, and fi-u6lirv in Autumn. Go^eriiment and Virtues.] Lady Venus owns this Tree oppofeth the ill efFedls of Mars ; and indeed for children and young people, nothing is better to purge choler and the jaundice, than the leaves or flowers of this tree, being made into a fyrup or conferve ; let fuch as delight to pleafe their lull regard the fruit ; but fuch as have loft their health, and their childrens, let them re- gard what I fay, they may fafely give two fpoonfuls of the fyrup at a time; it is as gentle as Venus herfelf. The leaves of peaches bruifed and laid on the belly, kill worms ; and fo they do alfo being boiled in aie and drank, and open the belly likevvife ; and being dried is a fafer medicine to di cufs humours. The powder of them ftrew'^ed upon frefh bleeding wounds ftayeth their bleeding, and clofeth them up. The flowers Jteeped all night in a little wine (landing warm, drained forth in the morning, and drank (ailing, doth gently open the belly, and move it downward. A fyruj) made of them, as the fyrup of rofes is made, worketh more forcibly than that o( rofes, for it provoketh vomiting, and fpendeth wateri(h and hydropic humours by the coniiiuiance thereof. The flowers made into a conferve, workeih the fame efieft. The liquor thatdroppeth from the (ive, being wounded, is given in the decoilion of Coltsl'oot, to tho e that are troubled with the cough or (hortnefs of breath, by adding thereunto Come fweet wine, and putting faffron alfo therein. It is good for thole that are hoarfe, or have loft their voice ; helpeth all tlcfcdls of the lungs, and thole that \ omit and (pit blood. Two drams hereof given in the juice of lemons, or ofradifli, is good for them that are troubled with the (lone, I'lie kernels of the Hones do wonderfully eafe the pains and wringings ol the bel}y, through wind or (harp humours, and help to make an excellent medicine for the ftone upon all occafions, iu this manner : 1 take fifty kernels of feach Jlonet, and one hundred of the kernels of cherry fonts, a handful TJie Englifh Phyfician Enlarged. itey handful of elder Jlvwers frejh or dried, and thee pints of muf-‘ r bladder, and is therefore ufually put among other herbs ufed in clyflers to mitigate pains in the back, fides, or bowels, proceeding of wind, Itopping of urine, the gravel or ftone, as aforelaid. If the bruifed herb, fpiinkled with fome mul'cadel, be warmed upon a tde, or in a difli uimn a lew quick coals in a chafing-. diib, and applied to the belly, it woiketh the fame cftetl. *2,2 The Englifh Phyjician Enlarged. efFeft. The decoflion of the herb being drank, cafeth pains of the mother, and bringeth down womens courfes ' t^'ofe griefs that arife from obflruaions o the liver, fpleen and reins. The fame decoflion with a lit- e honey added thereto, is good to gargle a fore throau ine juice he d awhile in the mouth, eafeth pains in the teeth. 1 he difiilled water of the herb drank with fomj lugar worketh the fame effefts, and cleaiifeth the (kin Horn Ipots, li^kles, purples, wheals, fun-burn, mor- phew, &c. The juice dropped into the ears, eafeth the none in them, and taketh away the pricking aiTd flioot- ing pains therein : the fame, or the difiilled water, af- uageth hot and fwelling impofthiimes, burnings, and Icaldings by fire or water ; as alfo all other hot tumours and inflammations, or breakings out of heat, being bathed often with wet cloths dipped therein ; the faid, juice made into a liniment with cerufe, and oil of rofes, therewith, cleanfeth foul rotten ulcers, and ftayeth fpreading or creeping ulcers, and running fcabs or fores in childrens heads ; and helpeth to flay IVom falling off the head. The faid ointment, or the herb applied to the fundament, openeth the piles, and eafeth their pains ; and being mixed with goats tal- low, helpeth the gout: the juice is very effedlual to cleanfe filhilas, and to heal them up fafely ; or the herb itfelf brulfed and applied with a little fait. It is like- wife alfo effedlual to heal any green wound ; if it be brujfed and bound thereto for three days, you (hall need no other medicine to heal it further. A poultice made hereof with mallows, and boiled in tvine and wheat bran and bean flour, and fome oil put thereto, and applied warm to any bruifed finews, tendon, or nuif- cle, doth in a very Ihort t nie reilore them to their ftrength, taking away the pains of the bruifes, and dif- folveth the congealed blood coming of blows, or fall from high places. The juice of Pellitory of the Wall clarified and boiled in a fyrup with honey, and a fpoonful of it drank every morning by fiich as arc fubjefl to the dropfy ; if conti- nuing that courfe, though but once a week, if ever they nave the dropfy, let them come but to me, and 1 will cure them gratis. Penny- » f ^he Englifli Phyfician Enlarged, Pennyroyal. PENNYROYAL is fo well known unto all, I mean tlie common kiml, that neeuriiigs of t!ie lace by fire, vea, a.nd' l ie leprofy, being drank and omwaidl/applicd. Boiletl ill 224 The Englifli Phyfician Enlarged, and fait, it helpeth the tooth-aoh^ It helpeth the cold gri'els of the jomts, taking away the pains and warmeth the cold part, beii>g fa(t bound to ■ place, alter a bathing or fweating in an hot hou'.e. j;iiny addeth, that Pennyroyal and mints together, help aintings, being put into vinegar, and fmelled unto, or ]>u_t into the nollrils or mouth. It eafeth head-achs, pains of the bread and belly, and gnawing of the llo- niach; applied with honey, fait, and vinegar, ithelpcfh cramps or convulfions of the finews. Boiled in milk and diank, it is efFedual for the cough, and for ulcers . and fores in the mouth ; drank in wine it provoketh womens TOurfes, andexpelleth t\ie dead child and after-- irth. Matthiolus faith, the decoftion thereof being drank, helpeth the jaundice and dropfy,. all pains of the Imad and finews that come of a cold caufe, andcleareth the eye-fight. It helpeth the lethargy, and applied with- barlej'-meal, helpeth burnings, and put into the ears eafeth the pains of them. Male and Female Peony. Dejcfipl,'\ TVTALE Peony rifeth up with browmifh dalks, whereon grow green and reddifh leaves, upon a dalk without any particular divifion in the leaf af all. The flowers dand at the top of the daiks, confiding of five or fix broad leaves, o^a fair purplifh red colour, with many yellow threads in the middle ftanding about the head, which after rifeth up to be the feed veffels, divided into two, three, or four crooked pods like horns, which Iieing full ripe, open and turn themfelves down backward, fhewing within them divers round, black, fhiniiig feeds, having alfo many crimfon grains, intermixed u ith black, whereby it maketh a very^ pretty fhew. 'I'he roots are great, thick, and. lon^, fpreading and running down deep in the ground. Ihe ordinary Female Peony liath as many llalks, and more leaves on them tlian the Male ; the leaves not fo large, but nicked on the edges, fome with great and dee]), others with fmaller cuts and divifions, of a dead green colour. The flowers are of a Itroim lieady feent,: ufiuilly fmaller, and of a more pur[)le colour than the Male, with yellow tlirumbs about the liead, as tlu; Male- hath. 'The feed veflels arc like horns, as in the Male, blit fma,ller, the feed is black, but Ids fhining. I'he roots The Englilh Phyjician Enlarged. 225 Toots confift of many (hort tuberous clogs, faftened at the end of long ftniigs, and all from the heads of the roots, which is thick and fliort, and of the like feenr ith the Male. Place and Time.'] They grow in gardens, and flower ufually about May. Government and Firtues.] It is an herb of the Sun, and under the Lion. Phyficians fay, Male Peony roots are belt ; but Dr. Reafon told me Male Peony was bell; for men, and Female Peony for women, and he deflres to be judged by his brother Dr. Experience. The roots are held to be of more virtue than the feed ; next the flow- ers, and lad of all, the leaves. The root of the Male Peou)-, frefh gathered, having been found b)- experience to cure the falling ficknefs ; l)ut the fureft way is, be- fidcs hanging it about the neck, by which children have been cured, to take the root of the Male Peony waflied dean, and iiainped fomewhat fmall, and laid to infufe in lack for 24 hours at the lead, afterwards drain it, and take it fird and lad morning and evening, a good draught for fundry days together, before and after a full moon, and this will alfo cure older perfons, if the difeafe be not grown too old, and pad cure, efpecially if there be a due and orderly preparation of the body with pof- fet drink made of betony, &c. The root is alfo efleftual f(jr women that are not fufficiently cleanfed after child- birth, and fuch .as are troubled with the mother ; for which likewife the black feed beaten to powder, and given in wine, is alfo availal)!e. J'he black feed alfo taken before bed-time, and in the morning, is very ef- feftual for fuch as in their fleep are troubled with the difeafe called Ephialte, or Incubus, but we do com- monly call it the Night-mare ; a difeafe whicli melan- choly perfons are ful)jctl unto ; it is alfo good a‘’-aind melancholy dreams. 'I he diftitlcd water or fyrup made of the flowers, worketh the fame effedls that the root and the feed do, although more weakly. The Female is often ufed for the juirpofes aforefaitl, by reafon the Mtde is fo fcarce a plant, that it is poflcfibd by few, and thofc great lovers of rarities' in this kind. Tepperwort, or Dittander. De/cript.] common Pepperwort fendeth forth ,• 1 fomewhat long .and broad leaves, of a light blutih greejiilh colour, finely dented about the edges. 2 26 The EngHlh Phyfidan Enlarged. edges and pointed at the eiuls, Handing upon round, uud talks, three or four feet high, fprcadinr ma w ttow cib at the tops of them, alter which follow fmal I ' lecls rmall heads. The rooe is fender runid* mich under ground, and Ihooting up again in many Sarnol"; n >re ^very ho, alS Ifiarp ot tafle, like pepper, for which caufe it took the licunG. Place.'] It grow-eth naturally in many places of this and, asKt Clare in Kfex , hfo near unto licter in evonftiic; upon Rochellei Common in Kent: in in^^o^rdens' ufually kept "nme.] It flowercth in the end of June, and in Julp ^0^er,meni ar,d Virtuei.-] Here is another martial herb lor you, make much of it. Pliny and Paulus ^o-incta ray, that Peppenvort is very fuccelsful for the fciatica, or any other gout or pain in the joints, or any other in- ' ate gnet : the leaves hereof to be Iiruifed, and mixed with old hog’.s-greafc, and applied to the place, and to continue thereon four hours in men, and two hours in women, the place being afterwards bathed with Wine anti oil mixed together, and then wrapt up with wool or (kins, after they have fweat a little. It alfo amendcth the deformities or difcolourings of the fkin, and helpcth to take away marks, fears, and fcahs, or the foul inarks of burning w ith fire or iron. The juice hereof is by fome ufed to be given in ale to drink to women with child, to procure them a fpeedy deliverance in travail. Periwinkle. Dejaipt.~\ ^TT'HE common fort hereof hath many A branches trailing or running upon the ground, fhooting out fmall fibres at the joints as it runneth, taking thereby hold in the ground, and rooteth in divers places. At the joints of the.fe branches Hand two fmall dark green fhining leaves, fomew hat like bay leaves but fmaller, and with them come forth alfo the flowers (one at a joint) Handing upon a tender foot-ftalk, being fomew'hat long and hollow, parted at the brims, fometimes into four, fometimes into five leaves : tlie moH ordinary forts are of a pale blue colour-J fome are pure white, and fome of a dark reddifh purple colour. 'i'he finglifli Phyfician Enlarged. 227 The root is little bigger than a rufh, bulbing in the ground and creeping with his I)ranches lar about, whereby it <|uickly poflelTcth a great compafs, and is moll: ufually planted under hedges where it may have room to run. Place."] Thofe with the pale blue, and thofe with the white flowers, grow in woods and orchards, by the hedge-fides, in divers places of this land 5 but thofe with the purple flowers in gardens only. Time.] They flower in March and April. Go’vernment and Virtues.] Venus owns this herb, and ' faith, thatthe leaves eaten by man and' wife together, caufe love between them. The Periwinkle is a great binder, liayeth bleeding at the mouth and nofe, if fome of the leaves be chewed. The hrench ufe it to llay women’s courfes. Diofcorides, (ialen and ^gineta commended it again lithe lalks and fluxes ol the belly to be drank in wine. St. Peter’s Wort. I F Su perdition had not been the father of Tradition, as X well as Ignorance the mother of Devotion, this herb, (as well as St. John’s Wort) had found fome other name to be known by ; but w'e may fay of our forefathers, as V t. 1 aul of the Athenians, I perceive in many things yon art tco/uperjiitious. Yet feeing it is come to pafs, that cuftdm having got into pofleflion, pleads prefcription for the name, I lhall let it nafs, and come to the de'cription of the herb, which fake as followeth. ' De/cript.] It rifeth up with fquare upright llalks for the molt part, fome greater and higher St. John’s Wort land gootl reafon too, St. Peter being the greater apoflle, alk the Pope elfe; tor though God w'ould have the faints equal, the Pope is of another opinion) but brown m the fame manner, having two leaves at every joint,fomewhat ike, larger than St. John’s Wort, a little rounder pointed, with a lew or no holes to be feeii W foinefmaller leaves riling from the bofom ol the greater, and fomet-imes a little hairy alfo At the tops ol two llalks Hand many llar-like flowers* with yellovv threads i,i the midille. very like thofe of John s VS ort, inlouiuch that this is hardly difcerned from >t, but only by the largenels and heighl the (eed foah ucw^k^oots'em^^^^ abideth^’ong, fending Place.] 2.28 T'/^eEnglifh Phyficlan Enlarged. Place.'\ It growetli in many groves, and fmall low woods, in divers jilaccs of this land, as in Kent, Hun- tingdon, C.ambridgeand Xorthainptonfhire ; as alfo near watercourCes in other places. 7tme.'\ It flowereth in .lune and July, and the feed is- ripe in Auguft. Go vetntfHnt and Virtues. ~\ There is not a d raw to choofe- betw een this and St. John’s Wort, only St. Peter mull have it, left he Ikould want pot herbs ; it is of the fame property ol St. John’s Wort, but fomewhat weak,, and therefore more leldom ufed. d'wo drams of the • iced taken at a time in honied water, purgeth coleric hu- • mours (as faith Diolcorides, Plinj- and Galen') and there-- fore helpeth thofe that are troubled with thefciatica. The leaves are uled as St. John’s Wort, to help thofe places ol the body that have been burnt with fire. Pimpernel. De/cript.^ /COMMON Pimpernel hath divers weak fquare ftalks lying on the ground, bcfet all with two fmall andalmoft round leaves at every joint, one againft another, very like chickweed, but hath no foot ftalks ; for the leaves, as it were, compafs the ftalk, the flowers Hand fingly each by themfelves at them and the ftalk, confifting of five fmall I'ound-pointed leaves, of a pale red colour, tending to an orange, with fo many threads in the middle, in w hofe places fucceed fmooth round heads, wherein is contained fmall feed. The root is fmall and fibrous, perifhing eveiy year. Place.'\ It groweth every w here almoll, as well in the meadows ami corn-fields, as by the way-fides and in gar- dens,'arifuig of itfelf. T^ime.'\ Itflowcreth from May until April, and the feed ripeneth in the mean time andfalleth. Government and Virtues.'\ It is a gallant lolar herb, of a cleanfing attradlive qualit}', whereby it draweth forth thorns or fjdinters, or other fuch like things gotten into the flefh, and put up into the noftrils, purgeth the head ; and Galen faith alfo, they havea drying faculty, where- by they are goc)d to fokler the lips ol wounds, and to cleanfe foul ulcers. The diflilled water or juice is much eilcemed by French dames to cleanfe the Ikin from any rougbners, deformity, or difcolouring thereof; being boiled The Englifii Phyfician Enlarged, 229:' boiled in wine, and given to drink, it is a good remedj againll the plague, and other peliilential ievers, if the party after taking it be warm in Iris bed, and fweat for two hours after, and ufe the fame for twice at lealh It helpeth alfo all ftingings andbitingsof venomous beafts, or mad dogs, being ufed inwardly and applied outwardly! I he fame alfo openeth obllrudUons of the liver, and is very available againftthe infirmities of the reins ; it pro- voketh urine and helpeth to expel the (lone and o-ravel put ol the kidnies and bladder, and helpeth much'’in all inward pains and ulcers. The decoiflion or diiiiiled wa- ter is no lefs effeaual to be applied to all wounds that are trelh and green, or old, filthy, fretting and ruimimr uic.rs, which it very effeaually cureth in a (hort fpace'! A httle mixed with the juice, and dropped into the eves clcanfeth them from cloudy mills, or thick films wfiich pow over them, and hinder the fight. It helpeth the tooth-ach, being dropped into the ear on the contrarv fide of the pain ; it is alfo efteaual to eafe the pains of the haemorrhoids or piles, ^ Ground Pine, or Chamepitys. D^/cript.-] QUR common Ground Pine groweth low, , . Icldom rifin^ above a hTiifiV K- 1 / hjgh (hooting forth divers '^nall branches fet with'Sen dcr, long, narrow, greyifh or whitilh leaves r what hairy, divided into three Parts n nnJ f gether at a joint, fome growin- fcatterbi 11a Iks, fmeilingfiimewhatflron'^.- n? ^ ^ flowers are fimUl ancrof f nale vdio v the joint of the llalk all aloiH aniol? the^T"'""’^' after which come fmall and rouiuUiufks She ‘ fmal! and woody, i.erifhiiig every year a" rt.an a,.y liartford, along to South«eet/ci,athl'm a'S r' and uponC.hatham Down, hard bv the P “ l^ocheller, a mile from Rocheller. n ^^1^ Seiefys. ’ "'git boufe called 'Time.'\ It flowereth and eiveth r- 7"i '=7 "™hrie. ^.iUgainn th. atangtny, T^lit Englifh Phyjician Enlarged. from tjie clifeafes of the reins and urine, and is fpecial good foi all obdruflions ol the liver andf])leen, and gen- tly openeth the body ; lor which purpofe tiiey were wont in former times to make pills with the powder thereof and the pulp of figs. It marvelloufly helpeth all the difeafes of the inotlier, inwardly or outwardly ap- plied, procuring wonten’s courfes, and expelling the dead child and after-birth ; yea, it is fo powerful upon thefe feminine parts, that it is utterly forbidden for wo- tnen with child, for it will cattle abortion or delivery betoie the time, d he deco6Hon ol the herb in wine taken inwardly, or applied outwardlj’, or both, for fonie time together, is alfo effedtual in all pains and difeafes of the joints, e.s gouts, cramps, palfies, fciatica and achs; for which purpole the pills made with powder of Ground Pine, and of hermodadl^'ls with ^ enice turpentine are ef- fedtual. 1 he pills alfo continued for fome time, are fpe- cial good for thofe that ha\'e the dropf^’’, jaundice, gri- ping pains of the joints, belly or inward parts. It help- eth alfo all difeafes of the brain, proceeding of cold and phlegmatic humours and difiillations, as alfo for the fall- ing ficknefs. It is a fpecial remedy for the poifon of the aconites, and other poifonful herbs, as alfo againll the flinging of any venomous creature. It is a good remedy for a cold cough, efpecially in the begimiiug. For all the purpofes aforefaid the herb being tunned up in new drink and drank, isalmoft as efFedual, but far more ac- ceptable to weak and dainty ftomachs. The diftilled wa- ter of the herb hath the lame eliefls, but more weakly. The conferve of the flowers doth the like, which Mat- thiolus much commendeth againll the pally. 'I'he green herb, or the -decodlion thereof, being applied, diflblvetb the hardnefs of womens breads, and all other hard fwel- liugs in any other part of the body. The green herb alfo ^ipplied, or the juice thereof with fume honey, not only cleanfeth putrid, diuking, foul, and malignant ulcers and fores of all forts, but healeth and foldereth up the lips of green wounds in any part alfo. Let women for- bear if they he with child, ibr it works violently upou the I’einiuiiic part. Plantain. This groweth ufually in meadows and fields, and by palh-fidcs, and is fo well known that it nced- cth no defeription. Tme.} The EnglifJi Phyjkian Enlarged. 231 I enr^ortly il\er "P®"" ve?X Vn Mizaldus andothers, "" adrology phyficiaiis, hold this to be art S n • V ^ becaufe it cureth the difeafe^ of the head Ar^e/?n^ q'’ Mars, mSof VV^°i it is under the com- mand of \ enus, and cures the head by antiiiathy to Mm-s. and the privities, by fyuMiarln-to Ve mi; Sther there hardly a martial difeafe but it cures. A he jmcc of Plantain clarified and drank for divers days together either of itfelf, or in other drink, prevail- eth wonderfully againft all torments or excor Ei „ the guts or bowels, helpeth the dulillations of rhium ^om the head and ftayeth all manner of fluxess E ETto'lEE ^ ^bundantlV. It is the mouth ?■ ^ bleedings af reafon .r ‘'Hil ami hloydy water, by ftayeth the tToVe'e bieedlng''on.Sunt''t'-s Sic “ ib j;\ ■” f Si ■hollow teeth, taketh away the ‘t'to the *ety. 'j'he whole plant, both leaves, ftalks and heads, v\hile they are frefli, young and green, yield a milk when they are broken, ot' an un\)leafant bitter tafte, almoft ready to provoke calling, and ol a ftrong 1 heady fmell, v\ hich being condenlate is called Opium. ; The root is white and woody, perifldng as loon as it ; hath giveit ripe feed. _ f The Black Poppy little dificreth from the former, un- ‘ til it beareth its flower, which is fomewhat lefs, and of a black purpliih cf'lour, but without any' purple Ipots in the bottom of the leal. The head of the leed is much ■ lefs than the former, and opencth itlelt a little round ^ about the lop, under the crown, fo that the feed which r iri very black will fall out, if one turn ilie head thereof downward. The Englifli Phy/ician Enlarged. 23-7 The wild Poppy, or Corn Rofe liath long- and narrow leaves, very inudicutin on the edge-; into many divi- lions, ofa light green colour, fometimes hairy withal ; the flalk is blackilh and hairv alfo, but not fo tall as the garden kind, having fome fuch like leaves thereon to grow below, pirted into three or four branches fome- ^imes, whereon grow final! hairy heads bowing down before the ll:in break, wherein the flow^er is, which when it is full blown open is ofa fair yellowilh red or crimfon colour, in fome much paler, without any fpot in the bottom of the leaves, having many black foft threads in the middle, compaffing a fmall green head» which w-hen it is ripe, is . not bigger than one’s little finger’s end, wherein is contained much black feed final- ler by hall than thatol the garden. The root perilheth every year, andfpringeth again of its own fowing. Of this kind there is one leller in all the parts thereof, and difiereth in nothing elfe. Place.~\ I he garden kinds do not naturally grow wild in any place, but are fown in gardens where they grow. The Wild Poppy, or Corn Rofe, is plentiful enough, and many times too much in the corn fields of all coun- ties through this land, and alfo upon ditch banks, and by hedge fides. The fmaller w ild kind is alfo found in corn fields, and alfo in fome other places, but not fo plentilully as the former. Time.] The garden kinds are ufually fown in the Spring, which then flower about the end of May, and fomewhat earlier, it they fpring-of their own fowing. Ihevvdd kind flfrwer ufually from May until July, ancl the feed ot lij;m is ripe foon after the floweriiw _ <^>rjernm'nt anJVirtua.] The herb is Lunar, and oi' the juice of It IS made opium; only for lucre of money they cheat vou, and tell you it is a kind of tear, or fome tich like thing, that drops from poppies when they weep, and that IS fomewherc beyond the feas, I knov/ not where beyond the Moon. The garden poppy heaik ^ and to good effec. ufed to procure rell and fleep, in the Tick and wmak and to fl ay caiarrh.sand defluttions of thin rheums froiu ’ r ^ ot a confumption ; it help- ctna lo hoarfenefs ol the throat, and when one hath b>.l their voice, which the feed dotli likc-.vife. The black ^cd boned in wine, and drank, is faid alfo to flay the '^^5 Htif ^3^ The Englifh Phyjician Enlarged. flux of the belly, and womens courfes. ThcemptvnieKs or poppy heads, are ufually boiled m water, amUiven to procure rell and fleep ; fo do the leaves in the^fa'S manner ; as alfo if the head and temples he bathed with the decoaion warm, or with the oil of poppies, the green leaves or heads bruiled, and applied with a little vinegar, or made into a poultice with barley meal, or nog s greafe, cooleth and tempereth all inflammations, as alio the dileafe called St. Anthony’s fire. It is gene- rally ufed in treacle and mithridate, and in all other medicines that are made to procure reft and fleep and to safe pains in the head as well as in other parts. It is alfo nfed to cool inflammations, agues, or frenzies, or to Itay defluiftions which caufe a cough, or confumptlon, and alfo other fluxes of the belly, or women’s courfes ; It is alfo put into hollow teeth to eafe the pain, and hath been found by experience to eafe the pains of the gout. The Wild t’oppy, or Corn Rofe (as Matthiolus faith) is good to prevent the falling ficknefs. 'I'he fyrup made with the flower, is with good effeft given to thofe that have thepleurify: and the dried flowers alfo. either boiled iri water, or made into powder and drank, either in the diltilled water of them, or fome other drink, work- eth the like efteft. The diftilled water of the flowers is held to be of milch good ufe againft furfeits, being drank evening and morning; it is alfo more cooling than any of the other poppies, and therefore cannot but be as effcftual in hot agues, frenzies, and other in- flammations either inward or outward. Galen faith, the feed is dangerous to be ufed inwardly. •• Purflaine. ARDEN Purflaine (being ufed as a fallad herb) is fo X well known that it needeth no defcriptivjn ; I fliall therefore only fpeak of its virtues as followeth. Ge^vernmeat and yiriuct.'\ ’Tis an herb of the Moon. It is good to cool any heat in the liver, blood, reins, and ftomach, and in hot agues nothing better ; it ftayeth hot and choleric fluxes of the belly, womens courfes, the whiles, and gonorrhoea, or running of the reins, the ♦liftillation from the head, and pains therein proceeding from Jicat, want of fleep, or the frenzy. The feed is more cfteilual than the herb, and is ol fingular good ufe to The EngTifh Phyjician Enlarged. 239 to coot the heat and (harpnefs of urine, and the out- rageous lull of the body, venereous dreams, and the like; infomuch that the over frequent ufe hereof extin- {ruilheth the heat and virtue of natural procreation. The feed bruifed and boiled in wine, and given to chil- dren, expelleth the worms. The juice of the herb is held efFedual to all the purpofes ai'orefaid ; as alfo to day vomitings, and taken with fome fugar or honey, helpeth an ohl dry coiigli, (laortnefs of breath, and the phthifick, and ftayeth immoderate third. The ditlillecl water of the herb is ufed by many (as the more pleafing) with a little fugar to work the fame effedls. The juice alfo is lingular good in the inflammations and ulcers ia the fecret parts of man or woman, as alfo the bowels and hemorrhoids, when they are ulcerous, or excoriati- ons in them. 'I'hc herb bruifed and applied to the fore- head and temples, allays exceflive heat therein, that hin- ders red and deep, and applied to the eyes, takethaway the rednefs and inflammations in them, and thofe other parts where pulhos, wheals, pimples, St. Anthony ’.-j fire, and the like, break forth ; if a little vinegar be put to it, and laid to the neck, v ith as much of galls and linfeed together, it takeih away the pains therein, and the crick iii the neck. I he juice is uied with oil of rofes for the fame caufes, or for blading by lightnino- and burnings by gunpowder, or for womens fore breads, and to allay the heat in all other fores or hurts ; applied alfo to the navels of children that Hick forth, it hdpetli them ; it is alfo good for fore mouths and gums that aie Iwollen, and to fallen loofe teeth. Camerarius faith* that the diltilled water took away the pains in the teeth when all other remedies failed, and the thickened juice made into pills with the powder oi gum tragacanth and arabick, being taken, prevaileth much to help tliofe that make bloody water. Applied to the gout, it eafetii pains thereof, and helpeth the hardnefs ol the finevvs if it gome nut of the cramp, or a cold caufe. ’ Primrofes. T tim? Of 'r" tf’ey need no deferip- 1 ton. Ot he leaves ot Primrofes is made a fine falve to neal wounds as ajiy I know; you (hall be taught to make 240 The Englifh Vliyfician Enlarged. Privet. Dejcript.^ common Privet is carried up with ma- , , ,V' lender branches to a reafonable height abd breadth, to cover arbours, bowers and banquetting houfes and brought, wrought, and cut into fo many terms of men, horfes, birds, &c. which though at firlf fupported, groweth afterwards ftrong of itfelf. It bear- eth long and narrow green leaves by couples, and fweet fmelling white flowers in tufts at the end of the branches, which turn into fmall black berries that have a purplifli juice with them, and fome feeds that are flat on the one flde, with a hole or dent therein. F/ace.] It groweth on this land, in divers woods.- 7/me.] Our Privet flowereth in June and July, the berries are ripe in Auguft and September.' Government and Virtues.'] The Moon is lady of this. It is little ufed in phyfic with us in thefe times, more than in lotions to wafti fores and fore mouths, and to cool inflammations, and dry up fluxes. Yet Matthiolus faith, it ferveth to all the ufes for the which cyprefs, or the Eaft Privet, is appointed by Diofcorides and Galen, He farther faith, thit the oil that is made of the flowers of Privet infufed therein, and fet in the fun, is Angular good for the inflammations of wounds and for the head ach coming of a hot caufe. There is a fweet water alfo di Hilled from the flowers, that is goqd for all thofe difeafes that need coolingor drying, and therefqre belpeth all fluxes of the belly and flomach, bloody fluxes and women’s courfes, being either drank or ap- plied ; as all thofe that void blood at the mouth, or any other place, and for diflillations of rheum in the eyes, efpecially if it be ufed with tutia. Queen of the Meadows, Meadow Sweet, or Mead Sweet. J)tfcript,'\ ftalks of this are reddifli, rifing to be X three feet high, fometimes + or 5 feet, having at the joints thereof large winged leaves, Handing one The Englini Phy/ician Enlarged. 241 one above another at clillances, confi&ing of many and fomewhat broad leaves, fet oh each fide of a middle rib, being hard, rough, or rugged, crumpled much like unto elm leaves, having alfo fome fmaller leaves with them, (as agrimony hath) fomewhat deeply dented about the edges, of a fad green colour on the upper fide, and grey- ifli underneath, of a pretty lharp fcent and tafte, fome- what like unto the burnet, and a leaf hereof put into a cup of claret wine, giveth alfo a fine relilh to it. At the tops of the ilalks and branches fland many tufts of finall white flowers thruft thick together, which fmell much fweeter than the leaves; and in their places, being fallen, fome crooked and cornered feed. The root is fomewhat woody, and blackilh on the outfide, and brownifli within, with divers great ftrings, and lelTer fibres fet thereat, of a ftrong fcent, but nothing fo plea- fant as the flowers and leaves, and periflieth not, but abideth many years, fhooting forth anew every Sprin^-. Place.'] It groweth in moill meadows that lie much wet, or near the courfes of water. Time.'] It flowereth in fome places or other all thq three Summer months, that is, June, July, and Auguft, and the feed is ripe foon after. Government arid Virtues.] Venus claims dominion over the herb. It is ufed to ftay all manner of bleedings, fluxes, vomitings, and womens courfes, as alfo their whites. It is to alter and take away the fits of the quartan agues, and to make a merry heart, for which purpofe fome ufe the flowers, and fome the leaves. It helpeth fpeedily thofc that are troubled with the cholic- bem^ boiled in wine, and with a little honey taken warm, it o; eneth the belly, but boiled in red wine, and drank, it flayelh the flux of the belly. Outwardly ap- ' I r'n ulcers that are cancerous, or hollow and fiftu ous, lor which it is by many much commend- ed as alio lor the fores in the mouth, or fecret parts I he leaves when they are full grown, being laid on the ftin, will, m a fiiort time, raife blifters thereon, as I ragus faith. The water thereof helpeth the heat and inflammation 111 the eyes. The Quince-Tree. efcrtpt.] ordinary Quince-Tree groweth often X. to the height and bignefs of a rea onable appio 242 The Englifii Phyjician Enlarged. apple-tree, but more ufually lower, and crooked, with a rough bark, fpreading arms and branches far abroad. The leaves are fomewhat like thofe of the apple-tree, but thicker, broader, and fuller of veins, and whiter on the other fide, not dented at all about the edges. The flowers ai'e larg» and white, fometimes dafiicd over with a blulh. The fruit that followeth is yellow, bein near ripe, and covered with a W'hite freze, or cotton , thick fet on the younger, and growing lefs as they grow to be thorough jipe, bunched out oftentimes in fome places, fome being like an apple, and fome like a pear, of a (trong heady feent, and not durable to keep, and is four, harfh, and of an unpleafant talie to eat frefh j but being fcalded, roafted, baked, or preferved, becom- eth more pleafant. Place and Time.'\ It beft likes to grow near ponds and water-fides, and is frequent through this land, and flow - ereth not until the leaves be come forth. The fruit is ripe in September or October. Government and Virtues.~\ Old Saturn owns the tree. Quinces when they are green, help all forts of fluxes in men or wmmen, and choleric laflcs, calling, and what- ever needeth altriftion, more than any way prepared bv fire ; yet the fyrup of the juice, or tlie conferve, are much conducible, much of the binding quality being confumed.by the fire; if a little \ inegar be added, it flirreth up the languilhing appetite, and the llomach given to cafting ; fome fpices being added, conifoi teth and lirengtheneth the decaying and fainting fpirits, and helpeth the liver opprefied, that it cannot perfert tlu; digeltion, or corredleth choler and phlegm. If you would have thijm purging, put honey to them inllc.id of I'ugar ; and if more laxative, for choler, rhubai b ; for phlegm, turbith ; for watery humours, fcamniony ; but if more forcibly to bind, ule the unripe Qiiinces, with rofes anil acacia, hypociltis, and fome torrified rhubard. '[’o take the crude juice ot Qiiinces, is held a prefervative againft the force of deadly poilon ; for it hath been found moll certainly true, that the veiy fmcll of a Q^iince hath taken away all the rtrength ot the poifon of white helliborc. li there be need ot any outwardly binding and cooling of hot fluxes, the oil of Qiiinces, or other medicines that nniy be made thereot, are very available to anoint the belly or other jxirts therewith ; it likewife ftrengthetieth the llomach and belly. < 94 T'Kt Englifh Phyftcian Enlarged. 24J belly, and the finews that are loofened by fliarp humours falling on them, and reftratneth immoderate f’weatings. The mucilage taken from the feeds of Quinces, and boiled in a little water, is very good to cool the heat, and heal the fore breads of women. The fame with a little fugar, is good to leiiify the harfhnefs and hoarfe- nefs of the throat, and roughnefs of the tongue. The cotton or down of Quinces boiled and applieclto plague fores, hcalelh them up ; and laid as a plaidcr, made up with wax, it bringcih hair to them that are bald, and keepeth it from falling, if it be ready to died. Raddifh, or Horfe-Raddifh. The garden Raddilh is fo well known, that it needeth no defcription. Df/crift.l The Horfe-RaddiOi hath its fird leaves that rife before Winter, about a foot and a half long, very much cut in or torn on the edges into many parts, of a dark green colour, with a greater rib in the middle ; after thcfe have been up a while, others follow, which are greater, rougher, broader and longer, whole and not divided at fird, but only fomewhat rougher dented about the e Gc^,rnme„t and Virtues.] They are both of them under the dominion ef the Moon. The Red Rattle is ac- counted profitable to heal up fiRulas and hollow ulcers, and to ftay the flux of humours in them, as alfo the abundance of womens courfes, or any other flux of boiled in red wine and drank. 1 he \eUow Rattle, or Cock’s-Comb, is held to he good for thole that are troubled with a cough, or dim- nefs of fight, if the herb, beimr boiled with beans, and tome honey put thereto, be drank or dropped into the eyes. 1 lie whole feed being put into the eyes, draweth forth any ikin, dimnefs or film, from the fight, without trouble or pain. Reft Harrow, or Cammock. De/trtft.] /~'OMMON Reft Harrow rifeth up with divers rough woody twigs half a yard, or a yard high, fet at the joints without order, with little roundilh leaves, fometimes more than two or three at a place, of a dark green colour, without thonis while they are young ; but afterwards armed in fundry places, with Ihort and fharp thorns. I he flowers come forth at the tops of the twigs and branches, whereof it is full faihioned like peafe or broom bloflbms, but lefler, flat- ter, and fomevvhat clofer, of a faint purplilh colour ; after which come fmall pods, containing fmall, flat, round feed : the root is blackilh on the outfidc, and whitilh within, very rough, and hard to break when it is frelh and green, and as hard as an horn when it is dried, thrufling down deep into the ground, and fpread- ing likewife, every piece being apt to grow again if it be lel’t in the ground. Place.] It groweth Jn many places of this land, as ■well in the arable as wafle ground. Time.] It flowereth about the beginning or middle of July, and the feed is ripe in Augull. Government and Virtues.] It is under the dominion of Mars. It is fingular good to provoke urine when it is ftoppecl, and to break and drive forth the lione, which the powder of the bark of the root taken in wine ]km- formeth cjreilually. Matthiolus faith, ihe fame hclpc'ih lilt} The Englifli Phyjfcian Enlarged. z4^'j the difeafe called Hernia Carnofa, the flefhy rupture, by takinf; the faid powder for fome months together con- ftantly, and that it hath cured fome which feemed in- curable by any other means than by cutting or burning. The decoftion thereof made with fome vinegar, gargled in the mouth, eafeth the tooth-ach, cfpecially wheff it comes of rheum ; and the faid decoftion is' very powerful to open obflruclions of the liver and fplccn, and other parts. A diltilled water in Balneo Mari,e, with four pounds of the root hereof firft diced fmall, and atterwards deeped in a gallon of Canary wine, is fingular good for all the purpofes aforefaid, and to cleanfe the palTages of the urine. The powder of the f .id root made Into an eleduary, or lozenges, with fugar, as alio the bark of the i'relh roots hailed tender, and afterwards beaten tu a conferve with fugar, worketh the liice effect. The powder of the roots llrewed upon the brims of ulcers, or mixed with any other convenient thing, and applied, con fumeth the hardnefs, and caufeth them to heal the better. Rocket. 1 N regard the Garden-Rocket is rather iifed as a fallad -»■ herb than to any phyfical purpofes, I fhall omit it, and only fpeak of the common wild Rocket.. The de« feription whereof take as folio weth : De/cript.'] The common wild Rocket hath longer and narrower leaves, much more divided into flender cuts and jags on both fides the middle rib than the garden kinds have ; of a fad green colour, from among which rife up divers dalks two or three feet high, fometimes fet with the like leaves, but fmaller and fmaller up- wards, branched from the middle into divers lliff ftalks, bearing fundry yellow flowers on them, made of four leaves a-j)iece, as the others are, which afterwards yield them fmall reddilh feed, in fmall long pods, of a more bitter and hot biting talle than the garden kinds, as the leaves are alfo. It IS found wild in divers places of this land. Tin,e.\ It flowereth about June or July, and the feed IS npe in Augull. 'vild Rockets are forbid- i n th ^arpnefs fumeUi t ^ therein, and are Jefs hurtltd to hot and choleric perfons, for fear of in- flaming 1 248 The Englifli Phyfician Enlarged. flaming their blood, and therefore for fiich we may fay a little doth but a little harm, for angry Mars rules them, and he fometimes will be rufty when he meets with . fools. The wild Rocket is more flrong and efFeftual to increafe fpenn and venerous qualities, w hereunto all the feed is more effeflual, than the garden kind ; it fervcth alfo to help digeftion, ami provoketh urine exceedingly. The feed is ufed to cure the biiings of ferpents, the fcor- pion, and the threw moufe, and other poifons, and ex- pelleth worms, and other noifome creatures that breed in the belly. The herb boiled or (iewed, and fome fugar put thereto, belpeth the cough in children, being taken ofteu. The feed alfo taken in drink, takcth away the ill fcent of the arm-pits, increafeth milk in nurfes, and walleth the fpleeu. The feed mixed with honey, and ufed on the face, cleanfeih tl>e ikin from morphew , and ufed w ith vinegar, taketh away freckles and rednels in the face, or other parts ; and w ith the gall of an ox, it mendeth foul fears, black and blue I'pots, and thu marks of the fmall-pox. Winter-Rocket, or Crefles. Dtjaipt-I WJ INTER-Rocket, or Winter-flrefles, hatn VV divers fomevvhat large lad green leaves ' laving upon the ground, torn or cut in divers pails, foinewhat like unto Rocket dr turnip-leaves, with hiudler pieces next the bottom, and broad at Uie ends, which fo abide all the Winter, (if it fpring up in Autumn, when it is ufed to be eaten) from among which ri'e up divera fmall round ftalks, full of branches, bearing many fmall yellow flow-ers of four leaves a-piece, alter which come fmall pods, wdth reddilh feed in them. The root is fomewhat flringy, and perilheth every year after the feed It grow'eth of its own accord in gardens and fields, by the way-fides, in divers places, and particularly in the next pafture to the Conduit-head behind Giay s- Inn, that brings water to Mr. Lamb’s Conduit in llo - It flowereth in May, feedeth in June, and then Gonjernment and Virtues*^ I his is profitable to piovoke urine, to help ftrangury, and expel gravel and the Hone. It is good for the feurvy, and found by expeneiice to be a Angular good wound-herb to clcanfe inward woumJs ; The Englifh Phyjician Enlarged. 249 the juice ortlecoftion being drank, or outwardly applied to wafh ibul ulcers and fores, clean fing them by fharpnefs, and hindering or abating the dead flelh from growing therein, and healing them by the drying quality. Rofes. I Hold it altogether needlefs to trouble the reader with a defcription of any of thefe, fmce both the garden Rofes, and the Rofes of the briars, are well enough known ; take therefore the virtue of them as followeth : and firft I (hall begin with the garden kinds. Goveriirntni and Virtues.~\ What a pother have authors made with Rofes ! What a racket have they kept ! I (hall add, red Rofes are under Jupiter, damalk under Venus, white under theMoon, and Provence tinder the King of 1’ ranee. Fhe white and red Rofes are cooling and dry- ing, and yet the white is taken to exceed the red in both tlm properties, but is feldom ufed inwardly in any me- dicine. I he bitternefs in the Rofes when they are frelh, erpecially the Juice, purgeth choler, and watery hu- inours ; but being dried, and that heat which caufed the uitternels being conlumed, they have then a binding and aflringent quality ; thole alfo that are not full blown, do both cool and bind more than thofe that are full blown, and the white Role more than the red. The decoftion ot red Rofes made with wine and ufed, is very good for the head-ach, and j)ains in the eyes, ears, throat and pirns ; as alio for the fundament, the lower parts of the belly and pe matrix, being bathed or put into them. 1 he laine ciecoflion with the roots remaining in it, is profitably applied to the region of the heart to eafe the tlie inflammatmn therein ; as alfo St. Anthony’s fire, and other ckfeafes of the Itomach. Being dried and beaten to powder, and taken in Heeled wine or water. It lielpeth to Hay womens courfes. The yellow threads (which are erroneoudy called the Rofe Seed) being powdered and drank in the diltilled water of qumps, liayeth the overflowing of wmmens courfes, and doth wonderfully flay the defluftions of rheum upon the gums and teeth, preferving them from coriui>tion, and laflening them if they be loofe, being- wafted and gargled therewith, and fome vinegar o^’ fluUls added thereto. Xhc head, with llie feed heir"- ufed 2jO T^ie Englilli Phv/ician Enlarged. ufed in powder, or in a dccoaion, ftayeth the la(k and fpittmg of blood. Red Rofes do ftrengthen the heart, the ftomach and tlie liver, and the retentive faculty t they mitigate the pains tliat arife liom heat, a/Tuage in- flammations, procure reft and fleep, flay hotli whites , and reds in women, the gonorrhea, or running of the ' reins, and fluxes of the belly; the juice of them doth purge and cleanfe the body from choler and phlegm. The hulks of the Roles, with the beards and nails- oAhe Rofes, are binding and cooling, and the dillilled water of them is good for the heat and rednefs in the eyes, and to flay and dry up the rheums and watering of them. Ot the red Rofes are nfually made many compo- fitions, all fervingjo fundry good ufes, Elefluary of Rofes, conferve both moill: and dry, which is more ufually called Sugar of Rofes, Syrup of dry Rofes, and Honey of Rofes. The cordial powder called Diarrhoden Abbatis, and Aromatica Ro/arum. The dillilled Vvater of Rofes, vinegar of Rofes, ointment, and oil of Rofes, and the Rofe leaves dried, are of very great ufe and effeft. To write at large of every one of thefe would make my book fwell too big, it being fufficient for a volume itfelf, to fpeak lully of them. But briefly, the elefluary is purging, wTereof two or three drams taken By itfelf in fome convenient liquor, is a purge fuflicien* for a w'cak conftitution, but may be increafed to lix drams, according to the ftrength of the patient. It purg- eth choler without trouble, and is good in hot fevers, and pains of the head arifing from hot choleric humours, and heat in the eyes, the Jaundice alfo, and joint-achs proceeding of hot humours. The moill conferve is of much ufe, both binding and cordial ; for until it be about two years old, it is more binding than cordial, and after that, more cordial than binding. Some of the younger conferve taken with mithridate mixed together, is good for thofc that are troubled with diftillations of rheum from the brain to the nofe, and defluftion of rheum into the eyes ; as alfo for fluxes and laflcs of the belly ; and being mixed with the powder of mallic, is very good for the running of the reins, and for the loofenefs of humours in the body. The old conferve a^ainll faintings, fwoonings, weaknefs and tremblings of the heart, irrengthens both it and a weak llomach, hclpeth digellion, llayeth calling, and is a very good * prefer- The Englifh Phyftcian Enlarged, 251 prerervativeln the time of iiifefiion. The dry conferve, which is called the Sii»ar of Rofes, is a veiy good cor- dial to drengthen the heart and the fpirks,' as alfo to Hay deflnaions. ITe fyrnp of dried red Rofes ftrength- ens a ftomach given to calling, cooleth an over-heated liver, and the blood in agues, comforteth the heart, and refiftcth ptitrelaaion and infeaion, and helpeth to liny lalks and fluxes. Honey of Rofes is ranch ufed in gargles ■and lotions to walh fores, either in the mouth, throat, or »)ther parts, both to clean fe and heal them, and to Hay the fluxes of humours falling upon them. It Is alfo ufe'd ill clj Iters both to cool and cleanfe. Xhe cordial pow- ders, called Diarrhodon Abbatis and Aromatica Rofa- rum, do comfort and ftrengthen the heart and llomach, procure an appetite, help digellion, flay vomiting, and are ver\' good for thofe that have flippery bowels, to flrengthen them, and to dry up their nioiflure. Red Rofc water is well kno^vn, andof a familiar ufe on all occa- lions, anut im« ointments and plaillors tiut are cooling and binding. 252 The Englidi Phyjician Enlarged. biiulint;, an-reen colour, of a fine tart or Imooth talte, mach more^pleafant than the garden or wood forrel. b rom amom-- thcfe rifeth up fome, but not every year, itrong thick Tialks, not growing fo high as the patience, or carden dock, with fuch green eaves as grow below, but fmaller at every joint up to the top, and among the fllSs, which are white, ipreading lorth into many branches, confiUing of five "i’ hardly to be difeerned trom the threads ol the and leeming to be all threads, alter which come bro^^ nifii three-fqua re feeds, like unto other docks, vs hereby it may be plainly known to a dock, i l e root grows in time to be very great, with divers and fundiT great fpreading braMches Irom it, of a dai browivlh or reddilh colour on the outfide, with a pale vZw Sin under it, which covereth the inner lubllance or root which rind and Ikin, being pared » ?oot appears of fo frelh and lively a colour, with freto Lloured veins running through it, that the ehoiceft ol L uu KirK that is brou”‘ht US troiu bc*\oncl the leu. y *'"* i! “ wl root if it be driea carefully, and nrit ought which mult be in our country by >be gentle I ; Tr P fire in re-ard the fun is not hot enough here isTit, and ct-ct," “b Senwo^ edof " '■“w If! ifgmtt" Abt garf flowereth about the be- Plac .] t 1 and the feed is npe in Julv . giniung or m ddlc to be dried and kept all the r.n,e.] up before the ftalk and next year, ^ . ^iid gone, and that is not until mid of^obe. 7he Englifh ?hyfician Enlarged. 2^7 I have given the precedence unto this becaufe In virtues all'o it hath the pre-eminence. I come now to describe unto you, that which is called Patience, or Monk’s Rhubarb : and next unto that, the great round-leaved Dork, or baltard Rhubarb, for the one of thefe may fnp«, plv in the abfence of the other, being not much unlike i 1 their virtues, only one more powerful and efficacious^ than the other. And laltly, (hall ffiewyouthe virtues oil' all the three forts. Garden-Patience, or Monk’s Rhubarb, D(Jcript.\r’ry\W^ is a Dock bearing the name of Rhu- X liarb for fonie purging quality therein, andgroweth up with large tall ftalks, fet with fomewhat broad and hmg fair green leaves, not dented at all. The toiisofihe llalks being divided into many finall branches, bear riiddifli or purpliffi flowers, and three-fquare feed, like unto oih^r dock. The root is long, great and yel- low, like unto the wild docks, but a little redder ; and if it be a little dried, flieweth lofs ftore of difcoloured veins than the next doth when it is dry. Great round-leaved Dock, or Baflard Rhubarb. Dt/cript.^ hath divers large, round, thin, t'el- X lowifli green leaves rifing from tne root, a little waved about the edges, every one. ftanding upon a rcjifonable thick and long brownifli foot-llalk, from among which rifeth up a pretty big flalk about two feet high, with fome fuch like leaves growing thereon, butlmallcr; at the top whereof Hand in a long fpike, many fmall brownilh flowers, which turn into a harcl three-fquare fhining brown feed, like the Carden Pa- tience before delcribcd. The ro(tt groweih greater than th.at, with many branches of great fibres thereat, yellow on the outfide, and fon'.cwhat pale ; yellow within, with fome difcoloured veins like to the Rliubarb which is firfl delcribcd, hut much lefs than it, cfpccially when it is dry. ttace andTime.] Thefe alfn grow in gardens, and flower and feed at or near the fame time that our true Rhubarb doth,'!;/.*, t'ley flower in .June and the feud is ripe in Inly ' Government and Firtues.] Mars claims jn-edorniiianvy o\er all thefe wholelomc herbs ; you cry out upon him lor an uiiortunatc, when G
    , or the decodUon of them in vinegar, is ufed as a mod efFcdual remedy to heal fcabsand running fores. The Baitard Rhubarb hath all the properties of the Monk’s Rhubarb, but more elFeflual for both inward and outward difeales. The decodlion thereof, without vinegar, dropiiedinlo the ears, taketh away the pains ; mirgled in the mouth, taketh away the tooth-ach, and being dr,ank, healeth the Jaundice. Th.e feed thereof taken, cafeth the kna wing and griping pains of the llo- mach, and taketh away the loathings thereof unto meat. T he root thereof helpeth the ruggednefs of the nails, and being boiled in wine, helpeth the fwelling of the throat, commonly called the king’s-evil, as alfo the fwellings of the kernels of the ears. It helpeth them that arc troubled with the Hone, provoketh urine, and help- < th the dimnefs of the fight. The roots of this Baftard Rliubarb are ufed in opening and purging diet-drinks, with other things, to open the liver, and cleanfe and cool the blood. The properties of that which is called the Englilh Rhilbarb, are the fame with the former, but much more cffedlual, and hath all the properties of the true Italian Rhubarbs, except the force in purging, wherein it is but of half the llrength, and thereforea double quantity' mult 1)C ufed ; it likewife hath not that bitternefs and altriilion ; in other things it worketh almoft: in anpual quantity, which are thel'e : It purgeth the body' ot cho- fer and phlegm, being either, taken ot itfelf, made into powiler, and drank iw a draught ot white w ine, or tleepcd therein all night and taken falling, or put among other juirges, as thall be thought convenient, cleanling the (tomaifli, liver, and blood, opening obllrutiions, anci helpeth thofe griefs that come thereol, as the jaundice, dropfv, fwelling of tin- fpleen, tertian and daily agues. The Englilh Phyfician Enlarged, 259 and pricking pains of the fules ; as alfo it ftayeth fpit- ling of blood. The powder taken with caflia difToIvedrf and wafhed Venice Turpentine, cleanfeth the reins, and ftrengtheneth them alterwards, and is very effectual to ftay the running of the reins, or gonorrhea. It is alio j^iven for the pains and fvvellings ui the head, lor thofe that are troubled with melancholy, and helpeth the fci- atica, gout and cramp. The powder of the Rhubarb/ taken with a little mummia and madder roots in fome red \\ ine, diffolveth clotted blood in the body , happen-* ing by any fall or bruilc, ami helpeth burllings and broken parts, as well inwanl as outward. The oil like- wife wherein it hath been boiled, worketh the like el- fofts, being anointed. It is ufeil to lieal thofe ulcers that happen iniheeyes or eyelids, being Iteeped and llrained; as alfo to affuage the Iwe'lings and inflammations ; and applied with hone. , boiled in wine, it taketh away all blue fpots or marks that liappcn therein. Whey or white wine are the belt liquors to lieep it in, and thereby it worketh more eff ftuaili' in opening obllruftioivs, and purging the Itomach and liver. Many ufe a little Indian, ipikenardas the bell correftor thereof. Meadow Rue. De/cri/>t.] Tt yrEADOW Rue rifeth up with a yell >w _[VJ. ftringy rtjot, much fpreading in the ground, (hooting forth new fprouts and round about, with many green Ihilks, two feet high, crelted all the length ofthem, fet with joints here and there, and many large leaves on them, above as well as below, being lii- vided into fmaller leaves, nicked or dented in the lore- part of them, of a red green colour on the upper fide, and pale green underiteath; toward the top of the llalk tliere (hooteth forth branches, on every one whereof (land two, or three or four fmall heads, or buttons, which breaking the (kin that indofeth th,ein, (hooteth forth a tuft of pale greenilh yellow threads, which fall- ing aw ay, there come in their places fmall three cornered cods, wlierein is contained fmall, long and round feed. The whole idaiit hath a lirong uiiplealant feent. J’/ace.] it grow<;th in many places of this land, in the borders of moill meadows, and ditcli-fides. Time ] It flowereth abjut July, or beginning of Augufi, N 4 (jQvevu- 26o T'he Englifli Phyfician Enlarged. Government and yirtues.] Diofcorldes faith, that this herb bruifed and applied, perfedtly healeth old fores, and the diitilled water ofthe herb and flowers doth the like. It is tiled by fome among other pot herbs to open the body, and make It foluble ; but the roots walhed clean, and boiled m ale and drank, provoke to ftool more than the leaves, hut yet ver}' gently. The root boiled in water, and the place of the body nioft troubled with vermin and lice, wafhed therewith while it is warm, deftroyeth them utterly. In Italy is ufed againll the plague, and in Saxony agaiiift the jaundice, as Camerarms faith. Garden Rue. Garden Rue is fo W'ell known by this name^ and the name Herb of Grace, that I fhall not need to write a'liy further defeription, but ftiall only Ihew you the virtue of it, as followeth : Government and Virtues.'\ It is an herb of the Sun, and tinder Leo. It provoketh urine and womens courfes, be- ing taken cither in meat or drink. The feed thereof taken in wine, is an antidote againft all dangerous me- dicines or deadly poifons. The leaves taken either by themfelves, or with figs and walnuts, is called Mithri- date’s couuter-poifon againft the plague, and. caufelh all venomous things to become harmlefs ; being often taken in meat and drink, it abateth venery and deflroy- eth the ability to get children. A decoflion made thereof with fome dried dill leaves and flowers, eafeth all pains and torments inwardly to be drank, and outwardly ap- plied warm to the place grieved. The fame being drank, helpeth the pains both of the chell and fules, as alfo coughs and hardnefs of breathing, the inflammation of the flings, and the tormenting paims of the feiatica and joints, being .anointed, or laid to the places ; as .alfo the /baking fits of agues, to take a draught before the fit comes ; being boiled or intufed in oil, It is good to help the wind colic, the hardinefs and windinefs ot the mother, and freeth'women iVom tlic ItrangUng or Inffo- cation thereof, it’ the (hare and the jiarts thereabouts be anointed therewith; it killelh and driveth forth the worms of tlie belly, if it be drank after it is boiled in wine to the half, \\ ith a little honey, it helpeth the gout or pains in the yoints. hands, fei u t>r knees, applied thereunto ; ‘JA^Englifli Phyjician Enlarged, 261 and with figs it helpcth the dropfy, being bathed there- with; being bridled and put into the nollrils, it llayeth the bleeding thereof; it lulpeththefvvelling ol the cods, ifthey be bathed with a decodion ofRua and bay leaves. It taketh away wlieals and pimples, if being bruifecl with a few myrtle leaves, ic be made up with wax, and applied. It cureth the morphew, and taketh away all forts of warts. If boiled in wine wdth fome pepper and nitre, and the place rubbed therewith, and with almond and honey, helpeth the dry fcabs, or any tetter or ring- worm. The juice thereofwarmed in a pomegranate Ihell or rind, and dropped into the ears, helpeth the pains of them. The juice of it and fennel, with a little honey and the gall of a cock put thereunto, helpeth the dimnefs of the eye-fight. An ointment made of the juice' thereof, with oil of rofes, cerufe, an. ery day. Another eleftuary is made thus : take of nitre, pepper, and cummin-feed, of each equal parts; ol the leaves ol Rue clean picked, as much in weight as all the other three weighed ; beat them well together, and put as much honey as will make it up into an elec- tuarj' (but you muft firll lleep your cummin feed in vi- negar twenty-four hours, and then dry it, or rather roalt it in a hot fire-fiiovel, or in an oven) and it is a remedy lor tlie pains or grids in the chell or llomach, ot the Ipleen, belly, or fide;, by wind or Hitches, of tho liver by obltruflions, ot the reins and bladder by the Hopping ol urine, and helpeth alfo to extenuati: fat cor- pulent bodies. \Miat an infamy is caft upon the aflies of Mithridates, or Methridates (as the Augullines read his name) by unworthy people. They that deferve no themfelves, love to give none to others, •v/z. That reifti Wired King of Pontus fortified dMs body by poilon againli poifon. {He cajl cut den,ih by Beel/.J- hub, /r/>r/ of thedefih.J What a fot is he that knows not It he laid accu Homed his body to cold poifons. hot potfons would have dil patched him ? On the contrary. 5 if The Englifh Phyjician Enlarged. if not, corrofioiis woiikl have done it. The wliole world is at this prefent time beholden to him for his Undies in phyfic, and he that ufelh the quantity but of an hazel nut of that receipt every morning, to which his name is adjoined, (hall to admiration preferve his body in health, if he do but confider that Rue is an herb of the Sun, and under Leo, and gather it and the reft accordingly. Rupture-Wort. Df/cr{pt.'\ fpreads very many thready branches X round about upon the ground, about a fpan long, divided into many other fmaller parts lull of linall joints, let very thick together, whereat comes forth two very fmall leaves of a French yellow, green co- loured branches and all, where groweth forth alfo a number of exceeding fmall yellow flowers, fcarce to be difcerned from the ftalk and leaves, which turn into feeds as fmall as the veryduft. The root is very long and fmair, thrufting down deep in the ground. This hath neither fmell nortafte atfirft, but afterwards, hath a little aftringent tafte, without any manifeft heat; yet a little bitter and (harp withal. Place,^ It groweth in dry^ fandy and rocky places. Time.'] It is frelh and green all the Summer. Govemmeni and Virtues.] They fay Saturn caufeth rup- tures ; il he do, he doth no more than he can cure ; it you want wit, he will teach you, though to your coil. This herb is Saturn’s own, and is a noble antivenerean. Rupture-wort hath not its name in vain ; for it [ound by experience to cure the rupture, not only in children, but alfo in elder perfons, if the difeafe be not too inve- terate, by taking a dram of the powder of the dried herb every day in wdne, or a decodUon made and drank lor certain days together. The juice of dift.Ued water of the green herb, taken in the fame manner, helpeth all other luxes either of man or woman ; vomiting alfo, and the gonorrhea, or running of the reins, the ways aforefaid. It doth alfo moft ^uredjy help thofe that have the ftraugury, or are troubled with the Hone or gravel in the reins or bladder. eth ditches in the fides, griming pains of the ‘t^mach, the obftrudlions o/ the liver, and or belly, The Ertglifli Phyjlcian Enlarged. 263 vtllow jaundice ; likewife it kills the worms in children. Being outwardly applied,- it conglutinateth wounds m)tably, and helpcth much to (lay defluftions of rheum, from the head to the eyes, nofe and teeth, being brmfed green, and bound thereto ; or the forehead, temples, 01 nape of the neck behind, bathed with the decoction of die dried her, b. It alfo drieth up theTiroifture of fillulous ulcers, or any other that are foul and Ipreading. LTMOUCrH there are many kinds of Ruflies, yet I lhall only here infift upon thofe which are beft known and mod medicioal; as the bulrulhes, and other of the foft and finooth, kinds, which grow fo commonly in almoll every part of this land, and are fo generally noted, that lfuppofe itneedlefsto trouble you with any defcription of them. Briefly then to take the virtues of them, as followeth : Government and Virtues.'\ The feed of the foft Rufhes, (faith Diofcorides and Galen, toalled, faith Pliny) be- ing drank in wine and water, ftayeth the lalks and wo- mens courfes, when they comedown too abundantly; but it caufeth head-ach : It proyoketh fleep likewife, but mult be given with caution. The root boiled in wa- ter, to the confumption of one third, helpeththe cough. Thus you fee that con veniences have their inconve- niences, and virtue is feldoin unaccompanied with fame vices. What 1 have written concerning Rulhes, is to fatisfy my countrymen’s queftions : Are our Rujhes good for nothing ? Yes, and us good let them alone as taken, i’here are remedies enough without theip lor any dif- eafe, and therefore as the proverb is, 1 care not a Rulh lor them ; or rather, they will do you as much good as if one had'giveii you a Rulh. Rufhes. Rye. US is fo well known in all the counties of this Government and. f'irtues.-\ Rye is more dii wheat ; the bread and leaven thereof rippnetl cth iinpollhumes, boils, and other fwelling N6 h and break- s ; the meal of 254 The Engliili Phxfician Enlarged. of Rye put between a double doth, and moirtened with a little vinegar, and heated in a pewter difh, fet over a chaffing diffi of coals, and bound faft to the head while it is hot, doth much eafe the continual pains in the head. Matthiolus faith, that the allies of Rye ftraw put into water, and fteeped therein a day and a night, and the chops of the hands or feet walhed therewith, doth heal them. Saffron. The herb needs no defcription, it being known ge- nerally where it grows. ' Place."] It grows frequently at Walden, in ElTex, and in Cambridgelhire. Government and Virtues.] It is an herb of the Sun, and under the Lion, and therefore you need not demand a realbn why it ftrengthens the heart fo exceedingly. Let not above ten grains be given at one time, for the Sun, which is the fountain of light, may dazzle the eyes, and make them blind; a cordial being taken in an immode- rate quantity hurts the heart inflead of helping it. It quickeneth the brain, for the Sun is exalted in Aries, as well as he hath his houfe in Leo. It helps confumptions of the lungs, and difficulty of breathing ; it is excellent in epidemical difeafes, as pellilence, fmall pox, and meafles. It is a notable expulfive medicine and remedy for the yellow jaundice. My opinion is, (but I have no author for it) that hermodaflyls are nothing elfe but the roots of Saffron dried; and my reafon is, that the roots of all crocus, both white and yellow, purge phlegm, as hermodaiflyls do ; and if you pleafe to dry the roots of any crocus, neither your eyes nor talk (hall dillinguilli them from hermodaflyls. Sage. OUR ordinary Sage needeth no defcription. Time.] It flow-ereth in or about July. Government and Virtues.] Jupiter claims this, and bids me tellyou, it is good for the liver, and to breed blood. A decoftion of the leaves and branches of Sage made and drank, faith Diofcorides, provokes urine, bringeth down women’s courfes, helps to expel the dead child, and caufeth the hair to become black. It llayeth the bleeding of wounds, and cleanfeth foul ulcers ami fores. The decoftion made in wine, taketh away the itching 1 The Eriglifii Phyfician Enlarged, 265 of the cods, if they be bathed therewith. Agrippa faith, that if women that cannot conceive, by reafou ot the inoill flipperinefs ot their wombs, lhall take a quantity of the juice ot Sage, with a little fait, for four days be- fore they company with their hutbands, it svill help them not only to conceive, but alfo to retain the birth with- out mifearrying. Orpheus faith, three Ipoonfuls of the juice of Sage, taken fading, with a little honey, doth prefently day the fpitting or cading of blood in them that are in a confumption. Thefe pills are much com- mended : take offpikenard, ginger, ot each two drams, of the feed of Sage toaded at the fire, eight drams, of the long-pepper, 1 2 drams, all thefe being brought into powder, put thereto fo much juice of the Sage as may make them into a mafs of pills, taking a dram of them' every morning fading, and fo likewife at night, drink- ing a little pure water after them. Matthiolus faith, it is very profitable for all manner of pains in the head, coming of cold and rheumatic humours ; a.s alfo for all pains of the joints, w'hethcr inw’ardly or outwardly, and therefore helpeth the falling ficknefs, the lethargy, fuch as are dull and heavy of fpirit, the palfy, and is of much ufe in all defluftions of rheum from the head, and for the difeafes of the ched or bread. The leaves of Sage and nettles bruifed together, and laid upon the impod- hume that rifeth behind the ears, doth affuage it much. The juice of Sage taken in warm water, helpeth a hoarfenefs and cough. The leaves foddened in wine, and laid upon the place affedled with the palfy, helpeth much, if the decoction be drank : alfO Sage taken with wormwood is good for the bloody-fiux. Pliny faith, it procures w^omens courfes, and (layeth them coming down too fad ; helpeth the dinging and biting offer- pents, and killeth the worms that breed in the ear, and fores. Sage is of excellent ufe to help the memory, w'arm- ing and quickening the feiifes; and the conferve made of the flowers is ufed to the fame purpofe, and alfo for all the former recited difeafes. The juice of Sage drank with vinegar, hath been of good ufe in time of the plague at all times. Gargles likewife are made wdth Sage, rofemary, honey-fuckles and plantain, boiled in wine or water, with lome honey or alhim put thereto, to wadi fore moutns and throats, cankers, or the fecret parts of man or woman, as need requireth. And with other 266 ^he Englifh Phyfician Enlarged. other hot and comfortable herbs, Sage is boiled to bath* the body and legs in the Summer time, efpecially to warm cold joints or finews, troubled with the palfy and cramp, and to comfort and llrengthen the parts. It is much commended againft the Hitch, or pains in the fide coming ot wind, if the place be fomented warm with the decoflion thereof in wdne, and the herb alfo after boiling be laid warm thereunto. Wood-Sage. De/cript."] \ X 7 OOD-SAGE rlfeth up with fquarchoaiy VV Halks, two feet high at leall, wdth two leaves fet at every joint, fomewhat like other Sage leaves, but fmaller, fofter, whiter and rounder, and a little dented about the edges, and fmelling fomewhat ftronger. At the tops of the lialks and branches ftand the flowers, on a flender large fpike, turning themfelvcs all one way when they blow, and are of a pale and whitifh colour, fmaller than Sage, but hooded and gaping like unto them. The feed is blackilh and round; four ufu- all}'^ feem in a hulk together ; thfe root is long and llringy, with divers fibres thereat, and abideth many years. Place.~\ It groweth in tvoods, and by wood fides j as alfo in divers fields and bye lanes in the land. Time.'] It flowereth in June, July and Auguft. Government and Virtues.] The herb is under Venus. Tlic decodlion of the Wood Sage provoketh urine and wo- mens courfes. It alfo provoketh fweat, digelleth hu- mours, and difcufleth fwellings and nodes in the flefh, and is therefore thought to be good againft the French pox. 'I’he decodtion of the green herb, made with wine, is a fafc and fure remedy for thofe who by falls, bruifes or blows, fufped fome vein to be inwardly broken, to difperfe and void the congealed blood, and confolidate the veins. The driilk tiled inwardly, and the herb outwardly, is good for fuch as are inwardly burften, and is Ibund to be a fure remedy for the pally. The juice of the herb, or the powder thereof dried, is good for moi 11 ulcers gnd fores in the legs, and other parts, to dry them and caufe them to heal more fpeedily. it is no lefs eft'ediual alfo in gre«n wounds, to be ufed upon any occafion. Solomon ’> The Englifii Phyftcian Enlarged, 267 Solomon's SeaL Defcript.'\ '’T^HE common Solomon’s Seal rifefli up X with a round llalk half a yard high, Iiowing or bending down to thegi'ound, fet with fmgle leaves one above another, fomewhat large, and like the leaves of the lily-con vallv, or May-lily, with an eye of bluifh upon the green, w ith Tome ribs tlierein, and more yellorv'ifh underneath. At the foot of every leaf, almolt from the bottom up to the top of the italk, come forth fmall, long, white and hollow pendulous flotvers, fome- what like the flowers of May-lily, but ending in fit e long points, for the moll part two together, at the end of a long foot-lla’k, and fometimcs but one, and fome- times alfo two llalks, with flowers at the loot of a leaf, which are without any fceitt at all, and fiand on one fide »>f the ftalk. After they are pall, come in their places fmall round berries, great at the firll, and blackilh green, tending to blunefs when they are ripe, wherein lie fmall, white, hard, and ftony feeds. 'I'he root is of the thick- nefs of one’s finger or thumb, white and knotted in fome places, a flat round circle reprelenting a Seal, whereof it took the name, lying along under the upper crnll of th^ earth, and not growing downward, but with many fibres underneath. Place.'\ It is frequent in di\ ers places of this land ; as, namely, in a wood two miles from Canterburv”, byFifli- Pool Hill, as alfo in Bulhy Clole belonging to the par- fonage of Aldcrbury, near Clarendon, two miles Irom Salilbury ; in Cheffon-wood, or Cheflbn Hill, between Newington and Sittingbourn in Kent, and divers other places in Eflex, antLother counties. It flowereth about May : the root abideth and fliooteth anew every year. Government and Virtues.'] Saturn owms the plant, for he loves his bones well. The root of Solomon’s Seal is found by experience to be available in wounds, hurts, and outward fores, to heal and dole up the lips of thofe that are green, and to dry up and rellrain the flux ol humours to thofe that are old. It is fingularly good to ftay vomitings and bleeding wherefoever, as alfo all fluxes in man or woman, whether whites or reds in women, or the running of the reins in men; alfo to knit any joint, which by v\'eakncfs ufeth to be often out ol place, or will not Uuy in long when it is let ; alfo, to 268 The Englifh Phyjician Enlarged. to knit and join broken bones in any part of the bodv, the roots being bruifed and applied to the places ; yea, it hath been found by late ex[>erience, that the decoftioii of the root in wine, or the bruifed root put into wine or other drink, a'nd alter a night’s infulion, drained lorth hard and drank, hath helped both man and bead, whofe bones hath been broken by any occafion, which is the mod aflured refuge of help to people of divers coun- ties ol the land that they can have. It is no lefs effedlual to help ruptures and burftings, the decoflion in wine, or the powder in broth or drink, being inwardly taken, and outwardly applied to the place. The fame is alfo available for inward or outward bruifes, falls or blows, both to dilpel the congealed blood, and to take away both the pains and the black and blue marks that abide after the hurt, 'ihe fame alfo, or the diddled water of the whole plant, ufed to the face, or other parts of the fkin, cleanfeth it from morphew, freckles, fpots, or marks whatfoever, leaving the place frelh, fair, and lovely ; for which purpofe it is much ufed by the Italian Dames, Samphire. Befcript.'] "p O C K Samphire groweth up with a tender Xv green llalk about half a yard, or two feet high at the mod, branching forth almod from the very bottom, and dored with fuiidry thick and almod round (fomewhat long) leaves, of a deep green colour, fome- times more on a dalk, and fappy, and of a pleafant, hot, and fpicy tallc. At the top of the dalks and branches dand umbels of white flowers, and after them come large feed bigger than fennel feed, yet fomewhat like'it. The root is great, white, and long, continuing many years, and is of an hot and fpicy talle alfq. Flace "] It groweth on the rocks that are often moiftened at the lead, if not overflowed with the fea water. Time.'\ And it flowereth and feedeth in the end of July and Augud. Go’vernmtnt and Virtuei.'] It is an herb of Jupiter, and was in former times wont to be ufed more than now it is ; the more is the pity. It is well known almod to every body, that ill digeilions and obltrudlions are the caufe of mod of the difeafes which the frail nature of man is lub- to ; both which might be remedied by a more fie- uuent ufe of this herb. If people would have fauce to their Ihe Englifli Phyficidn Enlarged. 269 their ineat, they may take fome for profit as well as for plcafurc. It is a lafe herb, very pleafant both to tafte anti llomach, helping digellion^ and in fome fort open- ing obllruftions of the liver and fpleen ; provoketh urine, and helpeth thereby to w afh away the gravel and Hone engendered in the kidnies or bladder. Sanicle. De/cript.l /'^RDIXARY Sanicle fendeth forth many great round leaves, Handing upon long brownifti ftalks, every one fomewhat deeply cut or di- vided into five or fix parts, and fome of thefe alfo cut in fomewliat like the leaf of crow’s-foot, or dove’s-foot, and finely dented about the edges, fmooth, and of a dark fhining ctjlour, and fometimes reddifli about the brim ; from among which rife up fmall, round green (talks, without any joint or leaf thereon^ faving at the top, here it branches forth into flowers, having a leaf di- vided into three or four parts at that joint with the flowers, which are fmall and white, llarting out of fmall round greenilh yellow heads, many (landing to- gether in a tuft, in wdiich afterwards are the feeds con- tained, which are fmall round burs, fomewhat like the leaves of clevers, and Hick in the fame manner upon any thing that they touch.' The root is compofed of many blackilh firings or fibres, fet together at a little long head, which abideth with green leaves all the Winter, and periflicth not. Place.'\ It is found in many (hadowy woods, and other places of this land. Time.] It flowereth in. June, and the feed is ripe (hortly a Her. Government and Virtues.] This is one of Venus’s herbs, to cure the wounds or mifchiels Mars infiiftellj upon the' hody of man. It heals green wounds f])eedily, or any ul- cers, impollluinies, or l>leedings inward, alfo tumours in any part ol the body ; for the decoftion or powder in drink taken, and the Juice outwardly, ditfipateth the hu- mours; and there is not found any herb that can give Inch prefent help either to man or bead, when thedifeafe talleth u])on t .e lungs or tltroat, and to heal up putrid nialigtiant ulcer.s in the mouth, throat and privities, by gargling or wafhing with the decodlion of the leaves and roots made in water, and a little honey put thereto. It tjo The Englifh Phyjician Enlarged. It helpeth to womens courfes, and all other fluxes of blood, either by the mouth, urine, or ftool, and lalks of the belly ; the ulcerations of the kidnies alfo, and the pains in the bowels, and gonorrhoea, or running of the reins, being boiled in wine or water, and drank. 'J’he lame alio is no lefs powerlul to help any rupture or burflings, ufed both inwardly and-outwardly : and brief- ly, it is as efFeaual in bindiitg, rellraining, confolirklt- mg, heating, drying and healing, as comlrey, bugle, felf- hcal, or any other of the vulnerary herbs vvhatfoever. Saracens Confound, or Saracens Woundwort. De/cript.^nrm?, groweth high fometimes, with brown- ifli llalks, and other wliiles with green, to a man’s height, ha\ ing narrow green leaves fnipped about the edges, fomewhat like thofe of the peach-tree, or willow leaves, but not of fuch a white green colour. 'J he tops of I'talks are furnilhed \\ith many yellow llar- like flowers. Handing in green heads, which when they are fallen, and the feed ripe, which is fomewhat long, final! and of a brown colour, wrapped in down, is there- with carried away w ith the w ind. The root is com- • pofed of fibres fet together at a head, which perilheth not in Winter, although the llalks dry aw'ay, and no leaf appeareth in the Winter. The talle hereof is llrong and unpleafant,' and fo is the fmell alfo. PIace.'\ It groweth in moill and wet grounds, by W’oodfides, and fometimes in the moill places of lhadowy groves, as alfo the water fide. Time.] It flowercth in July, and the feed is foon ripe, and carried away with the wind. Government and Virtues.] Saturn ownis the herb, and it is of a fober condition like him. Among the Germans this wound herb is preferred before all others ot the fame quality. Being boiled in wniie, and drank, it helpeth the indifpofition of the liver, and Ireetli the gall Irom obllrudlions j w'hereby it is good for the jellow Jaun- dice, and for the dropfy in the beginning ot it ; lor all inward ulcers of the reins, mouth, or throat, and inward wounds and bruifes, likewife for fuch fores as happen in the privy parts of men or women ; being Iteeped in wine, and then dillilled, the water thereol drank, is lin- gular good to eafe all gnawings in the llomach, or other pains c>l' the bod\ , as alfo the pains ol the mother ; The Englifh Phyjician Enlarged. 271 and being boiled in water, it helpeth continual agues ; and the faid water, or the fimple water of the herb dlf- tilled, or the juice or dccoftion, are very elFeitual to heal any green wound, or old fUre or ulcer whatfoever, cleanfing them from corruption, and quickly healing them up. Briefly, whatfoever hath been faid of Bugle or Sanicle, may be found herein. Sauce-alone, or Jack by the Hedge-fide. Difcript,'\ '■ I '•HE lower leaves of tliis are rounder than X thofe that grow towards the tops of the ftalks, and are fet fingly on the joint, being fomewhat round and broad, pointed at the ends, dented alfo about the edges, fomewhat refembling nettle leaves for the form, but of a frcflier green colour, not rough or prick- ing: the flowers are white, growing at the top of the' lialk.s one above another, which being pad, follow fmall round pods, wherein are contained round feed fomewhat blackifh. I'he root dringy and thready, pe- riflieth every year after it hath given feed, and raifeth itfelf again of its own fowing. The plant, or any part thereof, being bruifed, fmelleth of garlic, but more pleafantly, and tadeth fomewhat hot and lharp, almoft like unto rocket. F/ace.'\ It groweth under walls, and by hedge-ddes,. and path-w\"^"s in fields in many places. It flowereth in June, July, and Augud. Government and Virtues.'] It is an herb ot Mercury. This is eaten by many country people as fauce to their fait filji, and helpeth well to digelt the crudities and other corrupt humours engendered thereby. It warmeth alfo the domach, and caufeth digedion. The juice thereof boiled with honey is accounted to be as good as hedge mudard for the cough, to cut and expeftorate the tough phlegm. I he leed bruifed and boiled in wine, is a fingular good remedy for ^e wind cholic, or the done, being drank warm ; it is alfo given to women troubled with the mother, both to drink, and the feed put into a cloth, and applied while it is warm, is of lingular good u!e. The leaves alfo, or the feed boiled, is good to be uled in clyders to cafe the pains of the Itone. 1 he green leaves are held to be good to heal the ulcers in tlie legs. Winter 2 7^ The Engllfli Phyjician Enlarged, Winter and Summer Savory. TJOTH thel'e are fo well known (being entertained as conftant inhabitants in our gardens) that they need no defcription. Government and Virtues.'] Mercury claims the dominion over this herl>, neither is there a better remedy again ft the colic and iliac paffion, than this herb ; keep it dry by you all the year, it’ you loveyourfelf and your eafe, and it is a hundred pounds to a penny if you do not : keep it dry, make conferves and fyrups of it for your ufe, and%vlthal, take notice that the Summer kind is the bed. They arc both of them hot and dry, efpecially the Summer kind, which is both ftiarp and quick in tafte, expelling wind in the Itoinach and bowels, and is a prefent help for the rifing of the mother procured by wind ; provoketh urine and womens courfes, and is much commended for women with child to take in- wardly, and to fmell often unto. It cureth tough phlegm in the cheft and lungs, and helpcth to expeiftorate it the more eafily ; quickens the dull fpirits in the lethargy, the juice thereof being fnufl'ed up into the noftrils. The juice dropped into the eyes, cleareth a dull light, if it l>roceed of thin cold humours diftilled from the brain. The juice heated with oil of Rofes, and dropped into the ears, eafeth them of the noife and fmging in them, and of deafnefs alfo. Outwardly applied with wheat flour, in manner of a poultice, it giveth eafe to them, and taketh away their pains. It alfo taketh away tire pain that comes by Hinging of bees, vvafps, &c. Savine. TO defcribe a plant fo well known is needlefs, it being nurfed up almoll in everj^ garden, and abiding green all the Winter. Government and Virtues,] It is under the dominion ot Mai'f, being hot and dry in the third degree, and being of exceeding clean i>arts, is ot a very digelling (juality. If you dry the herb into powder, and mix it ith honey, it is an excellent remedy to cleanfe old filthy ulcers aiul fillulas ; but it hinders them from healing. '1 he fame is excellent good to break carbuncles and plague lores; alfo hclpeth the king’s evil, being applied to the place. Being The Englifh Phyjlcian Enlarged. 273- Being fprcacl over a piece of leather, and applied to the navel, kills the worms in the hell)', helps (cabs and itch» running fores, cankers, tetters, and Ringworms ; and being applied to the place, may haply cure venereal fores, 'idiis I thought good to (peak ol, as it may be fafely ufed outwardly, for inwardly it cannot be taken without manifeft danger. The common White Saxifrage. Df/cript."] 'T^IIIS hath a few fmall reddilh kernels of A roots covered with fome (kins, lying among divers fmall blackifli fibres, which fend forth divers round, faint or 3'ellow green leaves, and grej ifh underneath, lying above the ground, unevenlj' dented about the edges, and Ibmewhat hairy, eveiy one upon a little tbotftalk, from whence rifeth up round, brownilh, hair3', green (talks, two or three feet high, with a few fuch like round leaves as grow below, but fmaller, and fomewhat branched at the top, whereon (land pretty large white flowers, of five leaves a-piece, with fome yello-iv threads in the middle, (landing in a long crefted, urownKh, green hulk. After the flowers are paft, there arifeth fometimes a round hard head, forked at the top, wherein is contained fmall black feed, but ufually they fall away without any feed, and it is the kernels or grains of the root which are ufuall)^ called the White Saxifrage-feed, and fo ufed. Place.] It groweth in many places of this land, as well in the lowermoft, as in the upper drj' corners of mea- dows, and gra(Ty fandy places. It ufed to grow nea^ Lamb’s Condait, on the backfide of Gray’s Inn. Time.] It flowereth In May, and then gathered, as well for that which is called the feed, as to diltil, for it quickly perilheth down to the ground, when any hot weather comes. Government and Virtues.] It is very elFcftual to cleanfe the reins and bladder, and to diflijlve the (lone engen- dered in them, and to expel it and the gravel by urine; to help the (Iranguiy ; lor which purpofe the decoflion of the herb or roots in white wine, is moll ufual, or the powder of the fmall kernelly rom, which is called the feed, taken in white white, or in the fame decodlion made with white wine, is moft ufual. The dillilled water of the whole herb, root and flowers, is molt fami- liar to be taken, It proyoketU alfo womens courfes, and frcetli 2 74 '^he Englifh Phyftcian Enlarged. frceth and cleanfeth tlie Itomach and lungs tVoni tliick and tough pldcgm that trouble thorn. There are not many better medicines p break the ftonc tlian this. Burnet Saxifrage. Defcript.l ■'“I ''HF, greater fort of our F.nglilh Burnet „ r • ‘^‘I'^'b'age groweth up with divers long- italks of winged leaves, fet direflly oppofite one to ano- thei on both fides, each being foinevvhat broad^ and a little pointed and dented about the edges, of a fad green colour. At the top of the ftalks fiand umbels of white flowers, after which come finall and blackilh feed. The root is long and whitifti, abiding long. Our lelTerBur- net Saxifrage hath much finer leaves than the former, and very fmall, and fet one againll another, deeply jagged about the edges, and of the fame colour as the former. I he umbels of the flowers are white, and the feed very fmall, and fo is the root, being alfo fomewhat hot and quick in talle. Place.~\ Thefe grow in moifl meadows of thisland, and are eafy to be found, being well fought for among the gmfs, wherein many, times they lay hid, fcarcely to be difeerned. ^ TVw.] They flower about July, and their feed is ripe in Auguft. Government and Virtues.'] They are both of them herbs pf the Moon. The Saxifrages are hot as pepper ; and Tragus faith, by his experience, that they are whole- fome. They have the fame properties the parfleys have, but in provoking urine, and eafing the pains thereof, and of the wind and colic, are much more effeftual, the roots or feed being ufed either in powder, or in de- codlions, or any other way; and likewife helpeth the windy pains of the mother, and to procure their courfes, and to break and void the flone in the kidnies, to digell cold, vifeous, and tough phlegm in the ftomach, and is an efpecial remedy againftall kind of venom. Callorcunt being boiled in the diUilled water thereof, is fingular good to be given to thofe that are troubled with cramps and convuliions. Some do ufe to make the feeQ.x\\c&=. wlion .1 low, are fit to be taken to iavfl they be melloiv, and kent all th« - before in decoaions for the faid purpofe^ dthor m ^ bathe the parts requiring it- ! c that manner to flay the bleedbn-- of ufed in mouth or nofe, to he applied to° th • f of .he a.,a are ul.ttheTtl”::;"^^^ Shepherd's Purfe. year. Ihe leaves are fmall and lom’r of ^ colour, and deeply cut in on both fuL ^ fpring upa ftalk which is fmall an , fmall leaves upon it even to the ton ^'“''•^uining white and very fmall ; after xvM,- ^ ^ Up'vers are which hold j feed, a heart, almolt ni lor^n of Oa 280 Engliffi Phyjician Enlarged. l^lace."] They are frequent in tills, nation, ahnofl by e,very palli-fide. Time.'] They' flower all the Summer Ioti||C ; nav fome of them are fo fruitful that they flower twice a year. Government anti Virtues.] It is under the dominion of Saturn, and of a cold, djy, and^binding nature, like to him. It helps all fluxes of blood, either caul’ed by in- ward or outward wounds ; as alfo flux of the belly', and bloody' flux, I'pitting and pifling of blood, flops the terms in women ; being bouhd to the wrifls of the hands, and the foies oi the feet, it helps the yellow jaundice. The herb being made into a poultice, helps inflammations and St. Anthony’s fire. The juice being dropped into the ears, heals the pains, noife and mat- terings thereof. A good ointment may' be made ol it lor all wounds, efpecially wounds in the head. , Smallage. - This is very well known, therefore I fhall not trou- ble the reader with any defcription thereof. Place.] Itcroweth naturally in dry and marfliy ground; but if it befown in gardens, it there profpereth very well. Time ] It abideth green all the ^V inter, and feedeth m Augufl- , , -r Government and Virtues.] It is an herb of Mercury'. Smallao-e hotter, drier, and much more medicinal than parflevt for it much more openeth obftruftions ol the liver and fplcen, rarefieth thick phlegm, and cleanfeth it and the blood withal. It provoketh urine and womens c.ourfe.s, and is fingular good again ft the yellmv jaun- dice, tertian and quartan agues, it the J^'ce thereof be taken, but efpecially made into a fyrup. 1 he juice alio put to honey of roles, and barley- w;ater is very good to -nr.de the mouth and throat of tho^c that have lores and ufeers in them, and will quickly heal them Ihe fame lotion alfo cleanfeth. aiul healcth all other loul ul- cers and cnid e:s, el'ewhere, ifthey be waihed tl^erewith. 'I'he feed isefpecia'.ly ufed to break and expel wind, kill worms, and to hel j) a ll inking breath. L he root is eftec- tual to all' the pur|>ofes atorelaiu ami is held to be flronger in operation than the herb, but e pecially to open^bliruaions, and to ri.laway luiy ague, 1 Eof be taken in wine, or the deeotiion theieol 1.1 wine be ufed. Sopewort. The Englifli Phyjician Enlarged. 281 Sopewort, or Bruifewort. Dtfcript.'\ root creepeth underground, far and J near, with many joints therein, of a brown colour on the outfide, and yellow within, Ihoot- ing forth in divers places weak and round ftalks, full of joi Its, fet with two leaves a-piece at every one of them on the contrary fide, which are ribbed fomewhat like the plantain, and fafhioned like the common field white campion leaves, feldom having any branches from the fides ofthe llalks, but fet with flowers at the top. Hand- ing in long hi^lks, like the wild campions, made of five leaves a-piece, round at the ends, and dented in the middle, ofarofecolour, almoit whitq, fometiiues deeper, fometimes jialer, of a reafonable feent. P!ace.'\ It groweth wild in many low and wet grounds of this land, Iry brooks and the fides of running waters. ‘Time.'\ It flowereth ufually in July, and fo conlinueth all Augult and ])art of September, before they be quite fpent. . Government and Virtues, '\ ^^enus owns it. The country people in divers places (lo life to bruife the leaves of Sopewort, andlaj- itto theirfingers, hands or legs, when they are cut, to heal them up again. Some make great ft thereof, that it is diuretical to provoke urine, and tlwreby to v'cpel gravel and the Jtone in the reins or and tio alfo account it fmgular good to void hydropical w.ners ; aaid ihey no k-i> eKtol iit to perfit»inn an absolute cure in the French p.j'S, more ihari iarjaipa- rilfs, guaiaeum, or China can do; which how tree it is, t leave others U> judge. Sorrel. Dejcript,'\ /'^UR ordinary Sorrel, which grows in gar- V.y dens, andalfo wild in fields, is fo well known, that it needeth no defeription. (.jovetument and Virtues.] It is under the dominion of Venus. Sond is prevalent in all hot difeafes, to cool any inflamniation and heal of blood in agues, peftilential and choleric, or lickncfs and fainting, arifing from heat', and to rclrefh the overipcnt fpirits \^ ith the violence of lunous or fiery fits ol agues; to quench third, and pro- cure an appetite in lamting, or decajing (lomachs. 1 or itrefiftelh putretaifhon of the blood, killeth worms, and IS a cordial to the heart, which the feed doth more effevUtally, being more drying and binding, and thereby ^ 3 flayetli 282 The Englilh Phyfician Enlarged. fiayeth the hot fluxes of womens courfes, or ofhumoiirs in the bloody flux, or flux in the floinach. The root al- fo in a decodlion, or in powder, is efFeftual for all the faid purpofes. Both roots and feed, as well as the herb, are held powerful to refill the poifon of the fcorpion. The decoftionofthe roots is taken to help the jaundice, and to expel the gravel and Hone in the reins or kidnies. The decodion of the flowers made with wine and drank, helpeth thp black jaundice, as alfo the inward ulcers of the body and bowels. Afyrup made with the juice of Sorrel and fumitory, is a fovereign help to kill thofe lharp humours that caufe the itch. The juice thereof, with a little vinegar, ferveth well to be ufed outwardly for the fame caufe, and is alfo profitable for tetters, ringworms, &c. It helpeth alfo to difeufs the kernels in the throat ; and the juice gargled in the mouth, helpeth the fores therein. I'he leaves wrapt in a colewort leaf and roaded in the embers, and applied to a hard impoil- hume, blotch, boil or plague fore, doth ripen and break it. The dillilled water of the herb is of much good ufe for all the purpofes aforefaid. Wood Sorrel. DeferiptP^ np'HIS grow'ethupon the ground, having a A number of leaves coming from the root _ made of three leaves, like trefoil, but broad at the ends, and cut in the middle, of ayellowilh green colour, every one Handing on a long foot-llalk, which at their firlt coining up are clofe folded together, to the flalk, but opening themfelves afterwards, and are of a fine four relilh, and yielding a juice which will turn red when it is clarified, and maketh a mofl dainty clear fyrup. Among thefe leaves rife up divers tender, weak foot- ilalks, w'ilh every one of them a flower at the top, con- filling of five fmall-pointed leaves, llar-fafluon, of a white colour, in mofl places, and in fome dnlhedover . witfi a. frnall fhew of bliiifli, on the hack fide only. After the flowers are pafl, iollow Imall round heads, with fmall yellow feeds in them. The roots are nothing but ^ fmall Itringa, faflened to the end ol a finall long piece; , all of them being of a ycliowilh colour. , , . It grcjwelh in many places of our land, m woods and wood fides, wliere they he inoill and jn:\- dowed, and in other places not too much open to tim urn . The Englifh Phydcian Enlarged, 283 Time.'] It flowereth 'm April and May. Government and Virtues^] Venus owns it. Wood Sorrel fervetVi to all the piu pofes that the other Sorrels do, and is more efFeaual in hindering putrefaflion of blood, and ulcers in the mouth and body, and to quench thirft, t» Itrengthen a weak ftomach, to procure an appetite, t© day vomiting, and very excellent in any contagious ficknefs or pellilential fevers. The fyrup made of the juice is elFefliial in all cafes aforefaid, and fo is the dif- tilled water of the herb. Spunges or linen cloths wet in the juice, and applied outwardly to any hot fvvelling or inflammations, iloth much cool and help them. The fame juice taken and gargled in the month, and after it is fpit forth, taken afrefli, doth wonderfully help a foul ftinking canker- or ulcers therein. It isfingular good to heal wounds, or to ftay the bleeding of thrulls or dabs in the body. Sow Thiflle. SOW Thirties are generally fo well known, that they need no defeription. Place.] They grow in gardens and manured grounds, fometimes by old walls, path-fides of fields and highways. Government and Virtues.] This and the former are un- der the influence of Venus. Sow Thiftles are cooling, and fomewhat binding, and are very fit to cool a hot domach and eafe the pains thereof. The herb boiled in wine, is very helpful to ftay the difTolution of the tto- mach, and the milk that is taken from the ftalks when they are broken, given in drink, is beneficial to thofe that are Ihort winded, and have a wheezing. Pliny faith, that it hath caufed the gravel and done to be voided by urine, and that the eating thereof helpeth a ftinking breath. The decodion of the leaves and ftalks caufeth abundance of milk in nurfes, and their children to be well-coloured. The juice or diftilled water is good for all inflammations, wheals and eruptions or heat in the Ikin, itching of the ha;mon hoids. The juice boiled or thoroughly heated in a little oil of bitter almonds in the peel of a pomegranate, and dropped, into the ears, is a fime remedy for deafnefs, finging, &c. Three fpoonfuls of the juice taken warmed in white Avine, and fome Xvine put thereto, cauleth women in travail to have fo cafy and Ipevdy delivery, that they may be able to walk ^ 4 prefently 284 The Englini Phyfician Enlarged. '''0'^e fugar, or without, if you will, or the fmoak taken by a pipe, as is ufual, but falling, helpeth to expel worms in the ftomach and belly, and to eafe the pains in the head, or megrim and the griping pains in the bowels. It is profitable for thofe that are troubled with the ftone in the kidnies, both to eafe pains by provoking urine, and alfo to ex- pel gravel and the Itone engeirderod therein, and hath been found very elTeflual to expel windinefs, and other humours, which caufeth the ftrangling of the mother. 'I'he feed hereof is very elFeftual to expel the tooth-ach, and the allies of the burnt herb to cleanfe the gums, and Riake the teetli white. The iierb bruifed and applied to The EngHfh Phyjician Enlarged. igt the place grieved with the Idng’s-evil, helpeth it In nine or ten clays effeftually. Monardus faith, it is a counter- poifon againll the biting of any venomous creature, the herb alfo being outwardly applied to the hurt place. The diftilled water is often given with fome fugar be- fore the fit of an ague, to leflen it, and take it away in three or four times ufmg. It the diftilled faces of the herb, having been bruifed before the diftillation, and not diftilled dry, be fet in warm dung for fourteen days, and afterwards be hung up in a bag in a wine cellar, the liquor that diftilleth therefrom is fingularly good to ufe for cramps, achs, the gout and fciatica, and to heal itches, fcabs, and running ulcers, cancers, and all foul fores whatfoever. The juice is alfo good for all the faid griefs, and like wife to kill lice in children’s heads. The green herb bruifed and applied to any green wounds, curelh any freth wound or cut whatfoever ; and the juice put into old fores, both cleanfeth and healeth them. There is alfo made hereof a Angular good falve to help impofthumes, hard tumours, and other fwellings by blows and falls. The Tamarifli-Tree. IT is fo well known in the places where it grows, that it needeth no defcription. Time.'} It flow'ereth about the end of May, or in June, and the feed is lipe and blown away in the beginning of September. Government and Virtues.'] A gallant Saturnine herb it is- The root, leaves, young branches, or bark boiled ill wine, and drank, (lays the bleeding of the haemorr- hoidal veins, the, fpitling of blood, the too abounding of womens courfes, the jaundice, the colic, ancl the biting of all venomous ferpents, except the afp ; and outwardly applied, is very powerful againft the hard- nefs of the fpleen, and the tooth-ach, pains in the ears, red and watering eyes. The decoftion, with fome honey- put thereto, is good to flay gangrenes and fretting ul- cers, and to wa(h thofe that are lubjedl to nits and lice. Alpinus and Veftingius affirm, that the Egyptians do with good luccefs ufe the wood oi it to cure the French difeafe, as others do with lignum vit® or guaiacum ; and give it alfo to thofe who have the leprofy, fcabs, ulcers, or the Hke, Its afites doth quickly heal blifters raifed by burnings 2g2 The Englifli Phyfician Enlarged. burnings or fcalclings. It helps the dropfy, arifing from hardnefs of fpleen, and therefore to drink out of cups made of the wood is good for fplenetic perfons. It is alfo helpful for melancholy, and the black, jaundice that arifeth thereof. Garden Tanfy. Garden Tanfy is fo well known, that it needeth no defer! ption. Tim.'] It flowereth in June or July. Government and Virtues.'] Dame Venus was minded to pleafure women with child by this herb, for there grows not an herb fitter for their ufe than this is ; it is jull as though it were cut out for the purpofe. This herb bruifed and applied to the navel, llays mifearriages ; I know no herb like it for that ufe: boiled in ordinary- beer, and the decoftion drank, doth the like; and if her womb be not fo as (he would have it, this de- co<5Iion will make it fo. Let thofe women that defirc children love this herb, it is their bed companion, (their hufbands excepted.) Alfo it confumes the phlegmatic humours, the cold and moift conflitution of ^Vinter mod ufually affefts the body of man with, and that was' the fird reafon of eating 'I’anfies in the Spring. At lad' the workl being over-run with Popery, a monller. called Superdition, perks up his head, and, as a judgment of God, obfeures the bright beams of knowledge by his difma] looks ; (phyficians feeing the Pope and his imps felfidi, they began to do fo too) and now I'orfooih Tan- fies mud be eaten only on Palm and Eader Sundays, and their neighbour days. At lad fuperllition being too hot to hold, and the felfilhnefs of phyficians walking in the clouds ; alter the briars and Monks had niatle the people ignorant, the fuperdition of the time was . found out, by the virtue of the herb hidden, and now it is almod, if not altogether, led off. Surely our ph}- ficians are beholden to none fo much, as they are to Monks and Friars. For want of eating this herb in .Spring, maketh peojile fickly in Sununer; ^nd that > makes work for the phyfician. 11 it be againd any man or woman’s confcience to eat Fanly in the Spring, lam as unwilling to burthen their conlcieiice, as I .am tliat they (hould burthon mine; they may i il dm wine and drink thedeeotlion, tt will work the Janie efteft. The'E.w^\^ Phyjtcian Enlarged. 293 The decoftion of the common Tanfy, or the juice drank in wine, is a fingnlar remedy for all the griefs that come by ftopping of the urine, helpeth the llrangury, and thofe that have weak rein^ and kidnies- It is alfo very profitable to diflidve and expel wind in the ftomach, belly, or bowels, to procure womens courfes, and expel windinefs in the matrix, if it be bruifed and often fmell- cd unto, as alfo applied to the lower part of the belly. It is alfo very profitable for fuch women as are given, to mifcarry in child-bearing, to caufe thern to go out their lull time : it is ufed alfo againft the jlone in the reins, efpecially to men. The herb fried with eggs (as it is accuftome'd in the Spribg-time) which is called a Tanfy, helpeth to digeft and carry downward thofe bad humours that trouble the Homach. The feed is very profitable given to children for the worms., and the juice in drink is as effeftuaL Being boiled in oil, it is good tor the finews Ih.runk by cramps, or pained. with colds, if thereto applied. Wild Tanfy, or Silver Weed. This is alfo fo \vell known, fliat it needcth no de.* fcrijuion. Place.] It growcth almoft in every place. It flowereth in June and .Inly. Government and Phiues.] Now Dame Venns hath fitted women with two herbs of one name, one to help cbn- ception, the other to maintain beauty, and what more can be expedled of her ? What now remains for you, but to love your hufbailds, and not to be wanting to your poor neighbours? Wild Tanfy llayeth the Talk, and all the fluxes of blood in men and w'omen, which lome fay it will do, it the green herb be worn in the ftoe.s, fo it be next the Ikiii ; and it it) true enough, that it will Hop the terms, if worn fo, and the whites too, for aught I know. It llayeth alto I pitting or vomiting of blood, 'i’he powder of the herb taken in fome of the diflilled water, helpeth the whites in women, but more elpecially if a little coral and ivory in powder be put to It. It IS alfo commended to help chi'dren that are burll- en, and have a rupture, being boiled in water and lali. It eafeth the griping pains of the bowels, and is good tor the Iciatica and Joint-achs. The fame boiled in vincgai, \Mth honey and allum, and gargled in the mouth. «94 Englifli Phyjician Enlarged. mouth, eafeth the pains of the tooth-ach, fafteneth loofe teeth, helpeth the gums that are fore, and fettleih the palate of the mouth in its place, when it is fallen down, it clean leth and healeth ulcers in the mouth or fecret parts, and is very good for inward wounds, and to clo e the lips oi green wounds, and to heal old, moih, and corrupt running fores in the legs or elfewhere. «eing bruiled and applied to the foies of the feet and hand-wrilts, it wonderfully cooleth the hot fits of the agues, be they never fo violent. The dillilled water deanfeth the flcin ot all difcolourings therein, as mor- phevv, lun-burnings, &c. as alfo pimples, freckles, and the like ; and dropped into the eyes, or cloths wet therein and applied, taketh away the heat and inflam* niations in them. Thirties. OF thefe are man}^ kinds growing here in England, \vhich are fo well known, that they need no de- fcription. Their difference are eafily known by the places where they grow, >viz. Pi.ice.'l Some grow in fields, fome in meadows, and foine among the corn ; others on heaths, greens, and wafte grounds in many places. Time.} They flower in June and Auguft, and their feed is ripe quickly after. Government and Virtues.} Surely Mars rules it, it is fuch a prickly bufinefs. All thefe Thiftles are good to provoke urine, and to mend the flinking fmell thereof; as alfo the rank fmell of the arm-pits, or the whole body, being boiled in wine and drank, and are faidalfo to help a llinking breath, and to ftrengthen the ftomach. Pliny faith. That the juice bathed on the place that wantcth hair, it being fallen off, will caufe it to grow again fpeedily. The Melancholy Thirtlc, De/cript.} 1 T rifeth up w ith tender Angle hoary green A llalks, bearing thereon four or five green leaves, dented above the edges; the points thereof are little or nothing prickly, and at the top ufually but one head, yet lometimes from the bofom of the upper- moll leaves tliere Ihooteth forth another fmall head, The Englifh Phyjician Enlarged, 295 fcaly and prickly, "with many reddilh thruvnbs or threads in the middle, which being gathered f'relh, will keep the colour, and fade not Irom the ilalk a long time, while it perfefts the feed, which is of a mean bigmefs, Ij'^ing in the dow'ii. The root hath many ftrings fallened to the head, or upper part, which is blackilh, and periftieth not. There is another fort, little differing from the former, but that the leaves are more green above, and more hoary underneath, and the fialk being about two feet high, beareth but one fcaly head, with threads and feeds as the former. Place.'] hey grow in many moift meadows of this land, as well in the fouthern, as in the northern parts. Time.] They flo.wer about July or Auguft, and their feed ripeneth quickly after. Government and Virtues.] It is under Capricorn, and therefore under both Saturn and Mars ; one rids melan- choly by fympathy, the other by antipathy. Theirvir- tues are but few, hut thofe not to be defpifed ; for the decodion of the thiftle in wine being drank, expels fu- perfluoHS melancholy out of the body, and makes a man as rr.erry as a cricket ; fuperfluous melancholy caufeth care, fear, fadnefs, defpair, envy, and many evils more befides ; but religion teacheth to wait upon God’s providence, and call our care upon him who careth for us. What a fine thing w'ere it if men and women could live fo ? And yet feven years care and fear makes a man never the wifer, nor a farthing richer. Diofcorides faith, the root borne about one doth the like, and removes all difeafes of melancholy. Modem writers laugh at him : Let them laugh that nuin, my opi- nion is, that it is the beft remedy againll all melancholy difeafes that grows ; they that pleafe to ufe it. Our Lady’s ThilUe. De/cripi.] /^UR Lady’s Thiftle hath divers very large and broad leaves lying on the ground cut in, and -as it were crumpled, but fomew hat hairy on the edges, oi a white green Ihining colour, wherein are many lines and ftreaks of a milk-white colour run- ning all ovei, and fet with many hard and ftiff prickles all about, among which rifeth up one or more llrong, round and prickly ftalks, fet lull of the like leaves up to the top, where, at the end of evciy branch, comes forth 2p6 The Englifh Phyjician Enlarged. fonh a Rreat prickly Thiftle-like head, flronglv' armed with prickles, and with bright purple thrums ri'fiiifr out of the middle : After they are ]iaft, the feed groweth in the faid heads, lying in ioft white down, which is fome- what fl-attilh m the. ground, and many Urines and fibres laRened thereunto. All the whole plant is bitter in tafie. Place.'] It is frequent on the banks of almofi; every ditclt. It aowereth and feedeth in June, Tulv and Auguft. • Government and Virtues.] Our Lady’s Thilile is under Jupiter, and thought to be asefFeftual as Cardiius Bene- didtiis for agues, and to prevent and cure the infeflion of the plague; as alfo to open the obflriidions of the liver and (pleen, and thereby is good againft the jaun- dice. It provoketh urine, breaketh and expelleth the Hone, and is good for the dropfy. It is effeftual alfo lor the pains in the fides, and many other inward pains ahd gripings. The feed and diftilled water are held powerful to all the purpofes aforefaid, and befides, it is often applied both outw'ardly with cloths or fpunges, to the region of the liver, to cool the diflemper thereof, and to the region of the heart, againfl fwoonings and paf- •:ons of it. It cleanfeth the blood exceedingly ; and in Spring, it you pleafe to boil the tender plant (but cut ofi the prickles, unlefs you have a mind to choakyour- fe'f ) it will change your blood as the feafou changeth, and that is the way to be fafe. The Woolen, or Cotton-Thiftle. De/cript.] ' I ''HIS hath many large leaves lying upon the ground, fomewhat cut in, and as it were rnnnpled on the edges, of a green colour on the upper fide, but covered over vyith a long hairy wool or cotton down, fet with mofl fharp and cruel pricks ; from the middle of whofe heads of flowers come forth many purplifh criilifon threads, and fometimes white, although but feldom. 'I’he feed that followeth in thofe white downy heads, is fomewhat large and round, re- fembling the feed ol’ Lady’s rhillle, but paler : The root is great and thick, fpreading much, yet ufually dieth after feed-time. Place.] It groweth on divers ditch-banks, and in the corn-fields and highways, generally throughout the land, and is often growing in gardens. Government and firtuej,] It is a [dant of Mars. Diofeo- rides The Englifli Phyfician Enlarged. 297 ri, long and narrow, fet there' ui Waved, but not cut into the eilges, broadett toward the ends, fomevv h, it round jrointed; the flowers are white that grow at the tops ol the branches, I'pike faihion, ne above 2gS ‘The Engli/h Tliyfician Enlarged, above another ; after which come round i)otichcs, par- ted in the middle with a iurrow, haviii{^ one blackifh. brown feed on either fide, fomewhat fharp in t ide, aad fmellinjr oi garlick, efpecially in the fields w'.iere it is iiarural, but not fo much in gardens ; the roots arefmall and^thready, j>eri{liing every year. Give me leave here to add xUithridate Muftard, al- more properly by the name to belong to M. m the alpliabet. Mithriclate Muftard, Dt/crjpt.'] groweth higher than the former, JL fpreading more and higher branches, who^e leaves arc fmaller and narrower, fometimes un- evenly dented about the edges. The flowers are fmall and white, growing on long branches, with much fmal- Jer and rounder veflels after them, and parted in the fame manner, having fmaller brown feeds than the for- mer, and much fliarper in talle. The root periflieth af- ter feed time, butabideth tl'.e firll Winter after fpringim*-. Place.'] They grow in fundiy places in this land, as half a mile from Hatfield, by the river fide, under a hedge as you go to Hatfield, and in the llreet of Peck- ham on Surry fide. Time.] They flower and fecil from May to Augufr. Go'vernment and Virtues.] Both of them are herbs of Mars. The Muftards are faid to purge the body both up- wards and downw'ards, and procureth womens courfes fo abundantly that it fufFocateth the birth. Jt breaketh inward impofihumes, being taken inw.ardly, and ufed in dyflers, helpeth the fciatica. The feed applied, doth the fame. It is an efpecial ingredient unto Mithridate. and treacle, being of itfclfan antidote, refifting poifon, ve- nom, and putrefaihion. It is available in many cafes for which the common Mullard is ufed, but rather weaker. The Black Thorn, or SIoe-Bufti. IT Is fo Well known, that it needeth no defeription. Place ] It groweth in ever} county in the hedges and borders of fields. Time,] It flowereth in April, and fometimes in Ma'ch, but The Engfidi Phyftcian Enlarged. 299 Jnit the t'ruit ripeneth after all other plums wliatfoever, and is not fit to he eaten until the Autumn frofl mellow them. (Joi:ernment and f^irtues J All the parts oi the Sloe Bufh are binding, cooling and dry, and all effcflual to flay bleeding at the nole and mouth, or any other place ; the lalk of the i)elly or ftomach, or bloody-dux, the too much abounding of womens courfes, and helpeth to eafe the pains of the fiJes, bowels, and guts, that come by overmuch fcouring, to drink the decoftion of the bark of the roots, or more ufually the decodion of the ber- ries, either frefh or dried. The confcrve alfo is of very much ufe, and more familiarly taken for the purpofe aforefaid. But the diltillcd water of the flowers firll; fleeped in fack for a night, and drawn therefrom by the heat of the Balneum Ang'ice, a bath, is a mod certain remedy, tried and approved, to eafe all manner of gnawings in the ftomach, the (ides and bowels, or any griping pains in any of them, to drink a fmall quantity ■when the extremity of the pain is upon them. The leaves are good to make lotions to gargle and wadr the mouth and throat wherein are fwellings, fores, or ker- nels : to (lay the defluftions of rheum to the eyes, or other parts ; to cool the heat and inflammations of them, and eafe hot pains of the head, to bathe the fore- head and temples therewith. The Ample dillilled water of the flowers is very effeftual for the faid purpofes, and the condenfatc juice of Sloes. The diftilled water of the green berries is ufcd for the faid effefls. Thorough Wax, or Thorough Leaf. De/cript-l /COMMON Thorough Wax fendeth forth a V>- ftrait round ftalk, two feet high, or bet- ter, whofe lower leaves being of a bluifh colour, are finaller and narrower than thofe up higher, and Hand dole thereto, not compafling it; but as they grow higher, they do more encompafs the llalks, until it wholly pafs through them, branching toward the top into many parts, w here the leaves grow fmaller again, every one Handing fingly, and never two at a Joint. 'I he flowers arc fmall and yellow, Handing in tufts at the heads ol the branches, where alterwards grosv the leed, being Idackilh, many thick thruft together, 'i'he root is fmall, long and woody, perifliing every year, after leed-timc, aiid riling again pleniiiully of its own fowing. Place,] it is found ^ rowing in liiaiiy corn-fields and pafturc-grounds in this laud. Tme.} ;oo ^he Englifh Vhyftcian tnJargtd. W.] Itflowererh in July, the feed ripe in Temperature a.d firmer.] Both this and the forme? are onder the influence of Saturn/ 'riuuou-h-V> ax is of linguLu good life lor all forts ofhruifes and wounds ei- thei mu ardor outward ; and old uhcrs-and fores like- wi.e, il the. deeodion ot the herl) \vith water ^ml wine be drank, and tiie place wafhed therew ith, or the juice ol he green herb bruifed or bojled, either by ilfelV, or ith other herbs, m oil or hog’s greafe, to be made into an Ointment to (erve all the year. The deeodion of the h n-b or powder of the dried herb, taken inwardly, and _ le fame, or the leaves bruifed, and applied outwardh', js lingular good Ibr.all ruptures and burliings, efpecially in chikken before they be too old. Being applied with _a litt e flour and wax to childrens navels that Hick forth. It helpeth them. Thyme. II is in vain to defcribe an herb fo commonly known. Government and Virtues.^ It is a noble ftrengthener ot the lung;s, as notable a one as grows ; neither is there fcarce a better remedy growing for that difeafe in chil- dren which they commonly call the Chin-cough, than it is. It purgeth the body of phlegm, and is an excel- lent remedy for (hortnefs of breath. It kills worms in the .belly, and being a notable herb of Venus, provokes the terms, gives fate and fpoedv delivery to women in travail, and brings away the alter-birth. It is fo hann- lefs you need not fear the ule ol it. 7\n ointment made ol it takes away hot i'welliims and warts, helps the fcia- tica and dulnefs i i light, and takes away pains and hard- nefs of the fpleen : ’Tis excellent for thofe Uiat are trou- bled with the gout ; as alfo, to anoint the cods that are fwelled. Itealeth pains in the loins and hips. The herb’ taken any way inwardly, comforts the Itomach much, and expels wind. Wild I liyme, or Mother of Thyme. i WILD 'J'hyme alfo is fo well knoun, that it need- ' | oih no ilefcriiition. , i /’I.Ki-.'j Ir. may be found commonly in commons and other iKin en places, through mtthe naiion. (jco.ii t/Kri.i a//u f'it/ues ^ It i. uiK.e. the dominion of ■ Venus, and under the jjgn Aiier, and thctcliuc c..itliy ajipropriatcJ ■ Tfie Englifli Phyjidan Enlarged. 301. •Vr*"*'pria-ted to the head. It provnketh urine and the revnis, andealeth the griping pain of the belly, cramps, ■ruptures, and inflammation of the liver. If yon make a vinegar of the herb, as vinegar of rofes is made (you may find out the way in my tranflation of the Loudon J hlpenfatoiy) and anoint the head with it, it prefentlr Pops the pains thereof. It is CKcellent good to be givci either in phrenzy or lethargy, although they are two contraiy difeales: It helps fpitting and piiling of blood, d?e ’ it comforts and llrengthens br«d?thc rX ' “"■* Tormentil, or, SeptfoiJ. D./cript.^ rpnrs hath reddifh, flender, tyeak braneheC , , . lying on the ground nither leaning than flanding upright, fvith many S leares that iland cloler to the flalks thim Cinquefoil (to nhich this IS very like) with the foot-flalk compaffinir. he branches in feveral places; but thofe thatgrWto ■ the ground are fet upon long foot-flalks, each wheTeof ■and (eir i? ^ <^'"’quel‘>il, but fomewhat lon«- -whence it it alf„ called Septfoil, yl, fome majhave’d™’ and fome eight, according to the fertility of the fod’ ^Atthe tops of the branches ilaiid divers feall v!l ‘ ‘flowers, confiding of five leaves like thof., r V- fell, but rn,aller. The root Imllcr fh."o Ru?"”' romewha, thick, but blacker witi ou and mi Place.] It groweth as well in woods and n, i idit 'n“!:;v&r£T'7d i!ii every broomfield in Kire,x. almoft 7/W.] It flovijireth all the'Summer long. Government am/ A'/rlue^.^ 'riiiti Ic 11 ° , , ■Sun. Tormentil is molt excellent^r lu.xes of blood or humours in m ‘ It nofe, mouth, or belly. 'rhJ^i^ woman, whether •oot, or the decoflion thereof tilon ^ Teacle, and the perfon laid to fw^t Venice >r poifon, or the plagurfe/r or i 5 cyever, or other contagion* tiifeafes,. 302 The Englifh Phyfician Enlarged. difeafes, as the pox, meafles, for it is an ingredient in all antidotes or counter iioilbns. Andreas Valefus is of opinion, that tlie decodlion of this root is no lei’s el- fedlual to cure the French pox than Guaiacum or (Miina ; and it is not unlikely, becaufe it fo mightily refilieth putrefaflion. The root taken inwardly is molt efl’edtual to help any flux of the belly, llomach, fpleen, or blood ; and the juice wonderfully opens obftruflions of the liver and lungs, and thereby helpeth the yellow-jaumlice. The powder or decoction drank, or to ft thereon as a bath, is an alTured remedy againit abortion in w'omen, if it proceed from the over-flexibility or weaknefs ol'thc inw'ard retentive faculty ; as alfo a plaifler made there- with, and vinegar applied to the reins of the back, doth much help not only this, but alfo thofe that cannot hold their water, the powder being taken in the juice of plantain, and is commended againft the worms in cldl- dren. It is very powerful to ruptures and burftings, as alfo for bruifes and falls, to be ufed as well oatwardly as inwardly. 'J'he root hereof made up with jiellitory of Spain and allum, and put into a hollow tooth, lu t only afl’uageth the pain, but flayeth the flux of humours which caufeth it. Tormentil is no lei’s elFeftual and powerlul a remedy againll outward wounds, lores and hurts, than for inward, and is therefore a fpecial in- gredient to be ufed in wound drinks, lotions and injec- tions, for foul corrupt rotten fores and ulcers of the mouth, fecrets or other parts of the body. 'I'he juice or pow'der of the root put in ointments, plaillers, and ' fuch things that are applied to wounds or lores, is vert , effedual, as the juice ol the leaves, and the root bruifed , and applied to the throat, or jaws, healeth the king’s i evil and eafeth the pain of the fciatica ; the lame uied | with a little vinegar, is a fpecial remedy againll the run- ; nintr fores of the head or other parts ; Icabs alio, andi the itch, or any fuch eruptions in the (kin, proceeding * iytl,,dftar’,humou,4. Thc larao i, alfo aScflaal for the piles or haimorrhoids. il tho> be wajhed or bathed therewith, or with the diiiilleii water ol the herb and roots. It is found alfo helplul to dry up any (harp rheum that dillilleth from the head into the eyes, cauf- ing rednefs, pain, waterings, '‘^^1 ‘I * litdc prepared tulia. or white amber, be tiled with the diftilled water thcreol. Many wonien ule this wnu rr % fecret to hdp theinfelves and others, when T/itf Englifli Phylician Enlarged, , troubled with too much flowing of the whites or reds, lx)th to drink it, or Injeft it with a fyringe. And here is enough, only remember the Sun challengeth this herb. Turnfole, or, Heliotropium. Be/cript.'\ '"I 'HE greater Turnfole rifeth with one up- _ A right ftalk, about a foot high, or more, dividing itfelf almoft from the bottom, into divers fmall branches, of a hoary colour ; at each joint of the fialk and branches grow fmall broad leaves, fomewhat white and hoary. At the tops of the llalks and branches ftand fmall white flowers, confifting of four, and fometimea five fmall leaves, fetin order one above another, upoa a fmall crooked fpike, which turneth inwards like a bowed finger, opening by degrees as the flowers blovr open ; alter which in their place come forth cornered feed, tour for the molt part Handing together; the root >s Imail and thready, perilhing every year, and the feed Ihedding every year, raifeth it again the next Spring _ Place.] It groweth in gardens, and flowereth and eedeth with us, notwithltandiiiff it is not natural to this land, but to Spain and France, where it grows plentifullv (aovtrnment and Virtue:.] It is an herb of th& Sun aiid* a pod one too. Diofeorides faith, That a good hand- ful ®t this, which is called the Great Turnfole, boiled in writer, and drank, purgeth both cholcrand phlegm • and boiled w ith cummin, heipetb the (lone in the reins' kidni s, or bladder, provoketh urine and. womens ToVf •’ and fpeedy delivery i.. child-birih. The leaves bruifed and applied to plices pained with the gout, or that have been out of joint f.Try '"I' ?'■ *1" sivo m,.oI, hr": the feed and juice ot the leaves alfo being rubbed with a little fait upon warts or wens, and otLr kemelTii* the \ncc, ep-lids, or any other part of the body, will b> often ufing, take them away. ^ I Meadow Trefoil, or, Honcyfucklcs. T is fo well known, efpecially by tlie name nf ri a„a k.1, „ia.h nee7:.r"'?';s them tri" .he eom.,,. ro„„ ^ floWfcM 304 Englifli Phyf,cian Enlarged. fiowers are good to eafe tlie gripliigj pains 'of the gout, the herb being boiled and ufed in a dlyfter. If the herb be made into a poultice, and applied to inflammations, it will eafe them. The juice dropped in the eyes, is a familiar medicine, with many country people, to take away the pin and web (as they call it) in the eyes ; it alfo alla3'eth the heat and blood (hooting of them. Country people do alfo in many places drink the juica thereof againlt the biting of -an adder; and having- boiled the herb in water, thev firll walh the place with the decoflion, and then laj' fome of the her!) aUb fo the hurt place. The herb alfo boiled in fwine’s greafe, and fo made into gn ointment, is good to apply to the Iriting of any venomous creatures. The herb alfo bruifed and heated between tiles, and applied hot to the (hare, cau(- eth them to make water who had it ftopt before. It is held likcwife to be good for wounds, and to take away feed. The decoflion of the herb and flowers, with the feed and root, taken for fon;ic time, helpeth women that are troubled with the w hites. 1 he feed and flowcr.s boiled in water, and after made into a poultice with fome oil, and applied, helpeth hard I’w ell ingsatid impolthuiUes. Heart Trefoil. BKSIDF.S the ordinary fort of Treroil, here are tw« more remarkable, find one of which ma^ be pro- bably called Heart Trefoil, not only becaufe the leal is triano-ular, like the heart of a man, but alfo becaufe cachleaf contains the perfe.'il; icon of a heart, and that in its proper colours, viz. a flefh-colour. Flare.] It groweth between Longford and Bow, and beyond Southwark, by the highway and parts adjaceut. , Government and yiriues.] It is under the dominion ol the Sun, and if it were ufed, it would be found as gre.at a ftrenglhener of the heart, and cherifher of the vital fpiriu as grows, relieving the body againlt fainting and fwoon- iiigs, fortifying it againft poifon and peltileiice, defend- ing the Iteart againll the noilbme vapours of the fpleeo. Pearl Trefoil. IT differs not from the common fort, fave only in this . one particular, it hath a white fpi>t in the leal like a pearl. It is p.articularly under the dominion of the Moon, and its icon llieweth that it is ol a fingular virtue againlt the pearl or pin and web in the eyes. 1 utlan. The Englilh Phyjician 'Enlarged. 305 Tutfan, or. Park Leaves. .ttf/cript.l TT hath brownifh ftiining round ftalks, erefted J. the length thereof, riling two by two, and fometimes three feet high, branching forth even from th« bottom, having divers joints, and at each of them two fair large leaves Handing, of a dark bluifti green co- lour on the upi>er fide, and of a yellowifh green under- neath, turning reddilh toward Autumn. At the top of the ftalks Hand large yellow flowers, and heads with feed, which being grcenilh at the firft, and afterwards,, reddilh, turn to be of a blackifh purple colour when they are riin?, with finall brownilh feed within them, and they vield a reddilh juice or liquor, fomewliat refmous, of a narlh and ftyptick talle, as the leaves and the flowers be, although much lefs, but do not yield fuch a clear claret wine colour, as fome fay it doth ; the root is brownifli, fomcwhat great, hard, and w^oody, fpreading w'ell in the ground. Place,] It groweth in many woods, groves, antf woody grounds, as parks and forells, and by Iiedge- fides in many places, in this land, as in Hampftead- wood, by Ratley in Eflex, in the wilds of Kent, and in many other places needlefs to recite. Time.] It flowereth later than St. John’s or St. Peter’s- worf. Government and Virtues,] It Is i.\\ herb of Saturn, and a moft noble anti-venerean. 'rutfan purgetli choler'lck mours, as St. Peter’s-wort is laid to do, for therein it worketh the fame effeds, both to help the fciatica and gout, and ^ heal burnings by fire ; it ftayeth all th« bleedings of wounds, ,| either the green herb be bruifed, or the powder ot the dry be applied thereto. It hath certainly it is, a fovereign herb to heal either wound or lore, either outwardly or inw ird- y, and therelore always nfed in drinks, lotions, balms oils, ointments, or any other forts of green woundJ* old ulcers, or lores, m all which the continual eJn * o( a... I,„h “At be admirable good, though it be not fo much il^n C now, as wlien phyficians and funreons w,..-, r ufe lierbs more than now they do.° * ^ ^ n /• * 1 Valerian. e/cnft,] hath a thick Ihort greyilh root, lyinj 1 lui the mo l part above ground, Ihooi? . in* 3o6 The Englifh Phyfician Enlarged, inp forth on all other fitles fiich like final! pieces of roots, which have all of them many long green firings und fibres under them in the ground, whereby it draw- eth nourifhment. From the liead of thefe roots fpring up many green leaves, which at firfl are fomewliat broad and long, without any divifions at all in them, or dent- ing on the edges ; but thofe that rife up after are more and more divided on each fide, fome to the middle rib, being winged, as made of many leaves together on a ftalk, and thole upon a flalk, in like manner more di- vided, but fmaller towards the top than below ; the fialk rifeth to be a yard high or more, tometimes- branched at the top, with many fmall whitifh flowers, Ibmetimes dafhing over at the edges with a pale purplifh colour, of a little fcent, which palfing away, there followeth fmall brow nifh white feed, that is eafily carried away with the wind. The root fmelleth more flrong than eithef leaf or flower, and is of more ufe in medicines. Place.'\ It is generally kept w'ith us in gardens. Time.^ It flowereth in June and July, and continueth flowering until the frolt pull it down. Government and Virtuei.\ This is undef the influence of Mercury. Diofcorides faith, 'I'hat the Garden Valerian hath a warming faculty, and that being dried and given to drink, it provoketh urine, and helpeth the Ilrangury:. The decodlion thereof taken, doth the like alfo, and taketh away pains of the fides, provoketh the womens c’ourfes, and is ufed in antidotes. Pliny faith. That the jiowder of the root giien in drink, or the decodlion thereof taken, helpeth all Hoppings and llranglings in any part of the body, whether they proceed ol pains in ihe chcfl or fides, and taketh theni away. The root ot Valerian boiled with liquorice, raifins, and annifeed, i? fingular good for thofe that are fhort-winded, and for ihofe that arc troubled with the cough, and helpeth to open the paflagcs, apd to expedlorate phlegm cafily. it is Riven to thofe that are bitten or Hung by. any venom- ous creature, being boiled in wine. It is ot a Ipecial virtue again II the plague, the decoflion ihereol uuing drank, and the root being ufed to fmell to. It to expel the wind in the belly. '1 he green herb sMth the root taken frelh, being bruifed and applied to the hilc head, taketh away the pains and prickings there, Itay rheum and thin dillillations, and being lioi ed in w , and a drop thereof put wito the eyes, taketh aw 3^ vvine EngHfh Bhyfician Enlarged. 307 the dlmiM*rs of the fight) or any pi'i or web therein : It is of excellent property to heal any inward fores or woinnls, and all'o for outward hurts or wounds, aild dra-,\i.ajr away fplinters or thorns out of the flefti. ^’ervain. De/crlpi.'] r I 'HE common Vervain hath fomewhatlong -I broad leaves next the ground deeply gafi)ed about the edges, and feme only deeply dented, in cut all alike, of a blackilh green colour on the upper )fifrrat» head and is pod for thofe that are wtf W ■ ^ bruifed, or the juice of them mixed «n?f ’ wonderfully cleanfe the (kiiu fueli ng? decides, fi/lulas, and other fuch like inflammations and deformities of the Ikin in ^ly part of the bod3. The dillilled water of the heS -when It IS in full flrength, dropped into the eves, cleanfeth them from films, clouds, or mills, that darken the fight, and wonderfully llrengthens the optick nerves : 1 he faid water is very powerful in all the difeafes aforo- iaid, either inward or outward, whether they be old corroding fores, or green wounds. The Vine. ^1 oi the Englilh Vine (I do not mean to lend }’’ou to the Canaries for a medicine) being oiled, make a good lotion for fore mouths ; being boiled \yitii barley meal into a poultice, it cools in- flammations of wounds ; the dropping of the Vine, when it is cut in the Spring, which country people call rears, being boiled in a fyrup, with fugar, and takea inw ardly, is excellent to flay womens longings after £\ ery thew fec; wju^j; ts ^ difcufc mzr.y 'V0!uet\ With child are liibjedl to. The decodlion of Vine leaves in white wine doth the like ; alfo the tears of the Vine, draip two or three Ipoonluls at a time, breaks the flone >n the bladder, i his is a very good remedy, and it is dilcreetly done to kill a Vine to cure a man, but the fait of the leaves are held to do Iretter. The aflies of the burnt branches will make teeth that arc as black as u coal, to be as white as (now*-, if you but every mom- Hig rub them with it. It is a moft gallant Tree of the Sun, very fympathetical with tlie body of man, and that is the reafoii fpirit of wine is the greatefl cordial among all vegetables. Violets. Both the tame and the wild are fo well known, that they need no defeription. T/me ] I'hey flower until the end of fuly, but are heft tn March, and the beginning of April. Go’vernmtnt and Virtues.'] 'J’hey are a fine, pleafing plant of Venus, of a mild nature, no way harmful. All the Violets arc cold and iwoifl u liile they are frefli and green, and ’2 he EnglfCFi Phyfician Enlarged. 309c and are ufed to cool any heat, or diftemperature of the body, 'cither inwardly or outwardly, as inflammations in the eyes, in the matrix or fundament, in impoilhnmes alfo, and hot fwellings, to drink the decoftion ot th« , leaves and flowers made with \A ater and wine, or to ply them poultice-wife to the grieved places ; it likewife eafeth pains in the head, caufed through want offleep ; . or any other pains arifm^' of heat, being applied in the fame manner, or with ed of rofes. A dram weight of the dried leaves or flowers of Violets, but the leaves more ftrongly, doth purge the body of choleric humours, and afi’uageth the heat, being taken in a draught of wine, or any other drink ; the powder of the purple leaves of the Howers, only picked and dried and drank in wate;, is faid to help the quinl'y and the falling ficknefs jii chi!-. •Iren, efiiecially in the beginning of the difeafe. The flowers ol the white Viol -ts ripen and dilTolve fwellings. J he herb or flowers, while they are frefli, or the flowers when dry, are effeduar in the pfeurify, and all dif- eafes of the lungs, to lenify the ftiarpnefs of the rheums, and the hoarlenefs of the throat, the heat and lharpnefs of urine, and all the imins of the backor reins and blad- der. It is goofl alfo for the liver and jaundice, and all hot agues, to cool the liver and quench the thirl! ; but •the f3'rup of Violets is of moft ufe and of better efFed, being taken in fome convenient liqupr; and if a little of the Jtiice or fyrtip of lemons be put to it, or a few ■ •Irops of the oil of vitriol, it is made thereby the more jxiwerfiil to cool the heat and quench the thirft, and giv- I'n! *** drink a claret wine colour, and a fine tart re«« nlh, pleafing the talle. Violets taken, or made up wjtli honey, do in<)re clean'e aiifi cool, and with fugar con- trary-s\ife, 1 he dried flowers of Violets are accounted, among the cordial drinks, powders, and other medicines, elpecially where cooling cordials are neceffary. The green leaves are ufed with other herbs to make plaillers and poultices for inflammations and fwellings, and to ealeall pains whatfoever, arifing of heat, and for the piles alio, being fried with yolks of eggs and applied thereto. Viper’s Buglofs. many long rough leaves lying oi\ * the ground, from among which arife up * S divers 3^0 ‘I he Englifii Ph)jician Enlarged. (livers hard round ftalks, very rough, as if they were* thick fet with prickles or hairs, whereoiii are fet fuch like rough, hairy, or prickly fad green leaves, foinewhat’ narrow: the middle rib being for the moft part white.. The flowers ftand at the top of the ftalk, branched forth in many long fpiked leaves of flowers, bowing or turn- ing like the turnfole, all opening for the mod part on the one fide, which are long and hollow,. turning up the brims a little, of a purplifli violet colour in them that are fully blown, but more redd (h while they are in the bud, as alfo upon their decay and withering ; but in fome places of a paler purple colour, with a long pointel in the middle, feathered or parted at the top. After the flowers are fallen, the feeds growing to be ripe, are blackilh, cornered and pointed fomewhat like the head of a viper. The root is fomewhat great and .blackilh,. and wooly, when it grow^eth tow'ards feed time, and pe- riflieth in the Winter. There is another fort, little differing from the former^ . only in this, that it beareth white flowers. Place.'] The firli groweth wild almoft everywhere. That w'ith white flowers about the caftle-walls in Lewes in a Suffex. . . i Time.] They flower in Summer, and their feed is ripe- quickly after. Government and Virtues.] It is a moft gallant herb of the.’ | Sun ; it is a pity it is no more in ufe than it is. It is ] an efpecial remedy againft the biting ol the Viper, and ] all other venomous beafts or ferpents,; as alfo againft poifon,or poifonful herbs, Diofcoride^ and others fay. that whofoever lhall take of the herb or root before they be bitten, lhall not be hurt by the poifon of any fer- pent. The root or feed is thought to be moft effeftual to comfort the heart, and expel fadnefs, or caufelefs me- lancholy ; it tempers the blood, and allayeth hot fits of aeues. The feed drank in wine, procureth abundance of milk in womens breads. The lame alfo being eafeth the pains in the loins, back and kidnies. The dif- tilled water of the herb, when it is in flower, or its chiet , ftrength, is Excellent to be applied inwardly or out- wardly. for all the giiefs aforefaid. There is a fyrup^ made hereof very effedlual for the comforting the heart, and expelling fadnefs and melancholy. Wall- ^ < Englifh Phy/ician Enlarged. 311 Wqll-FIowers, or Winter-Gilliflowers. The garden kind are fo well known, that they need no defer! ption, De/cript.'] The common fingle Wall-Flowers, which grow wild abroad, have I'undry fmall, long, narrow, dark green leaves, fet without order upon fmall, round whitilh woody (lalks, which beat at the tops'divers An- gle j^ellow flowers one above' an other, every one bear- ing four leaves a-piece, and of a very fweet feent ; after which come long pods, containing a reddilh feed. The roots are white, hard and thready. Place.'] It groweth upon church-walls and old walls of many houfes, and other flone-walls in divers places. 'I'he other fort in gardens only. Time.'] All the Angle kinds do flower many times in the end ot Autumn ; and if the Winter be mild, all the inter long, but efpecially in the months of February,, March and April, until the heat of the Spring do fpenci them. But the double kinds continue not flowering in' that manner all the year long, although they flower very early fometimes, and In fome places very late. Government and Virtues.] The Moon rules them. Galen, in his feventh book ot Ample medicines, faith, that the yellow Wall-blowers work more powerfully than any. of the other kinds, and are therefore of moreufe inphy-' Ac. It cleanfeth the blood, and freeth the liver and reinsi irom ob(lru£tions, provoketh womens courfes, expel- leth the fecundine, and the dead child ; helpeth the hard- nefs and pains ot the mother, and of the fpleen alfo ; ^yeth inflammations and fwellings, comforteth and irrengthencth any weak part, or out of joint ; helpeth to cleanfethe eyes trom miltinefs and films on them, and to clean fe the filthy ulcer in the mouth, or any other part, and is a fingiihr remedy for the gout, and all achs and pains in the joints and fiiiews. A confetve made of. an^ ^ remedy both for the apoplexy The Walnut-Tree. Pri' VV’r"’ nodefcriptlon. fnrl early before the leaves coma, forth, and the fruit is ripe in September qwernrnent and Virtues.] This is alfo a plant of the Su n. Let the iruit of it be gathered accordin'gr;^ whlch^ym; Ihafl, 31* The Englifh Phyjician Enlarged. Aall find to be of nioft virtues wbllft they are green, be- fore they have fttells. I’he bark of the tree doth biu it. I fhould rather think, unlefs bees be contrary' to other creatures, it poflefleth them with the contrary dileafe. the herb beifig exceeding dry aiwl binding. However, it any bees be difeafed thereby, the cure is, to fet urine I)}' them, but let it in a veflel, that they cannot drown them- felves, which may be remedied, if you put pieces ot cork in. The herb is fo drying and binding that it is fit to be given invvajdly. An ointment made thereof liancheth bleeding. A plaifter made thereof and applied to the region of the fpleen which lies on the left fide, takes »way tlie bardaefs and pains thereof. The ointment *the Englilh Phyjtcian Enlarged. 317 Is excellent good in fuch ulcers as abound with moif- ture, and takes away the corroding and fretting hu- mours. It cools inflammations, quehcheth St. Anthony’s fire, and llayeth defludion of the blood to any part o# the body. Woodbine, or Honey-Suckles. TT is a plant fo common, that every one that hath eyfei knows it, and he that hath none, cannot read a de- fcription, if I (hould write it. Time.'\ They flower in June, and the fruit is ripe in Auguft. _ Government and Virtues,^ Dodor Tradition, that grand introducer ot errors, that hater of truth, that lover of folly, and that mortal foe to Dr. Reafon, hath taught the common people to ufe the leaves or flowers of this plant in mouth water, and by long continuance of time, hath fo grounded it in the lirains of the vulgar, that you cannot beat it out with a beetle. All mouth wa- terij ought to be cooling and drying, but Honey-Suckles are cleanfing, confumiag and digelting, and therefore no way fit for inflammations ; thus Dr. Reafon. Again, if you pleafej^ we vvill leave Dr. Reafon awliile, and come to Dr. Lxnerience^ a learned gentleman, and his brother: Take a leaf and chew it in yoiir montttj and you will quickly find it likelier to caufe a fore mouth and throat than cure it. If it be not good for this. What IS It good for? It is good for fomething, for God and nature made nothing in vain. It is an herb of Mercury, and appropriated to the lungs ; the celedial Crab claims dpminion over it ; neither is it a foe to the Lion ; if the lungs be afflifted by Jupiter, this is your cure. It is httinjj a conferve made of the flowers of it were kept in etery gentlewomau’s houfe : I know uo better cure for ^ ^ 5 befides, it takes away the evil of tnefpleen, provokes urine, procures fpeedy delivery of women in travail, heljis crajups, convulfions, and pal- fip, and whatfocver griefs come of cold or ftoppiny . you pleafc to make ufe of it as an ointment, it will dear your fkin of morphew, freckles, and fun-burnings or wlmeverelfed, (colours it, and then the maids S Ihni flower, are of more efleft than he leaves, and that is true ; but tliey fay the feeds are a vital fpuu m every feed to beget its like ; and Dr. giS 1’he Englifli Phyfician Enlarged. .Dr. Experience told me, that there was a greater heat i« the feed than there was in any other part of the iilant ; and withal, that heat was the mother of aaion, and then judge if old Dr. Tradition (who may well Be ho- iioiired for his 'age, but not for his goodnefs) hath not lo poifoned the world with errors before I was born, that it was never well in its wits fince, and there m ^reat fear it will die mad. Wonmwood. 'HRKE Wormwoods are familiar with us ; one I ■i lhall not deferibe, another I fliall deferibe, and ■ the third be critical at ; and I care not greatly if I be- gin with the laft firft. Sea JVormnjuood hath gotten as many names as virtues, (and perhaps one more} Seriphian, Santonieon, Bel- chion, Narbinenfe, Hantonicon, Mifneule, and a mat- ■ ter ol twenty more which I (hall not blot paper withal, -A Papill got the toy by the end, and he called it Holy Wonnivood ; and in truth, I am of opinion, their giv- ing fo much holinefs to herbs, is the reafon there re- mains fo little in themfelves. The feed of this worm- wood is that which ufually women give their children for the worms. Of all wormwoods that grow here, this- is the weakeft, but doflors commend it, and apotheca- ries fell it ; the one mull keep his credit, and the other - get money, and that is the key of the work. The herb is good for fomething, becaufe God madexnothing in • vain. Will you give me leave to weigh things in the ^ balance of reafon ; then thus : The feeds of the common Wormwood are far more prevalent than the feed of this to expel worms in children, or people of ripe age ; of both fome are weak, fome are llrong. The Seriphian Wormwood is the weakell, and haply may prove to be fitted for the weak bodies, (for it is weak enough of all ■ confcience.) I.et fuch as are llrong take the common Wormwood, for the others will do but little good. Again, near the fea many people live, and Seriphian ^ grows near them, ami tlierelbre is more fitting for their , bodies, becaufe nourifhed by the fame aii ; and this I had from Dr. Reafon. In whofe body Dr. Reafon dwells not, dwells Dr. jMadnefs, and he brings in his , brethren. Dr. Ignorance, Dr. Eoliv, and Dr. Sicknefs, and ihcfc together make way for death, and the latter , end of that man is world than the beginning. Pride was TKt Englifh 'Phyficlctn Enlarged. 519 fr'he caufe of Adam’s fall ; pride begat a daughter, I do Hot know the father of it, uiilefs the devil, but fhe €hri(te-ie- honfpf h free Irom, maintaining fo many bawdjv houfes by authority of his Holinefs. ^ *^'be /talks are /lender, and /hotter than tW common \\ onnwood by one foot at leall ; the leave* , . cut and divided than they are, but fome* ning fmaller; both leaves and ftalks are hoary, th« nowers of a pale yellow colour ; it is altogether like the common Wormwood, /'ave only in bignefs, for It u* rna ler; m tafte, /’or it is not bitter; in finell, lor it is fpicy. t/ace.^ It groweth upon the tops of the mountains (it ieems tis alpiring) there ’tis natural, but ufually nurfeii up in gardens for the ufe of the apothecaries in Londotv IV Wormwoods ufually flower in Augu/l, a little fooner or later. Government and Firtuet,'\ Will you give me leave to l«s critical a little? I muft take leave : Wormwood is an jierb of Mars, and if Pontanus fay otherwife, he is bo- lide tlie bridge ; I prove it thus : What delights in mar- tial places is a martial herb; hut Wormwood delighst in martial places, (for about Ibrges and iron works you may gather a cart-load of it) ergo, it is a martial herb. It is hot and dry in the firft degree, viz. juft as hot a* ■ your blood, and no hotter. It remedies the evils choler • can iiiflift on the body of man by fympathy. It help* j the evils Venus and the wanton Boy produce, by antk- | , pathy ; and it doth fomething elfe belides. It cleanfeth ; the body of choler (who dares fay Mars doth no good ?) | It ])rovokes urine, helps furfeits, or fwellings in cli® | belly ; it caufeth appetite to meat, becaufe Mars rules the atiraflive /’acuity in man. The fun never /hone up- on a better herb /’or the yellow jaundice than this. Why /hould men cry out fo much upon Mars for an unfortu- nate, (or Saturn either’) Did God make creatures to do the creation a ini/’chief ? 'I’his herb te/lifies, that. Mars is willing to oire all dil’eafes he caufes ; the truiU ^ is, Mars loves no cowards, nor Saturn fools, nor I nei- >her. Take of the flowers of Wormwood, Ko/’emary, and Black Thorn, of each a like be a liule critical again (t the vul- gar received opinion, which is, that the lap falls down into the roots in the Autumn, and rifes again in the spring, as men go to bed at night, and rife in the morn- ing; and this idle talk of untruth is fo grounded in the heads, not onlv of the vulgar, but allb of the learned, that a man cannot drive it out by reafon. I pray, let I nch lap-mongers a ifwer me this argument r If the fap falls into the roots in the fall of the leaf, and lies there all the Winter, then mult the root grow only in the Win- ter. But the root grows not all in the Winter, as expe- rience teacheth, but only in the Summer; therefore if you fet an apple-kernel in the Spring, you (hall find the root grow to a pretty bignefs in the .Summer, and be not a whit bigger next Spring. What d >th the fap do iu the root all that while? Pick llraws? ’"I'is as rotten as a rotten poll. The truth is, when the fun declines from the tropic of Cancer, the fap begins to congeal both in root and branch; when he touches the tropic of Capricorn, and afcentls to us-wmrd, it begins to wax thin again, and by degrees, as it congealed. But to proceed, 3. The drier time you gather the roots in, the better they are, for they have the lefs excrementitious inoilUire in them 4- Such roots as are foft, your bed way is to dry in the fun, or elfe hang them in the chimney corner upon a Unng ; as for fuch as arc hard, you may dry them any 5 Such roots as are great, will keep longer than fuch as are fniall ; yet molt of them will keep all the year. 0. Such roots as are foft, it is your bell way to keen them always near the fire, and take this general rule for It. if in Winter-time you find any of your herbs, roots ortiowers begin to be moifi, as many times you (hall ( or It IS your bed way to look to them once a month) dry them by a very gentle fire, or if you cun with con- Si Ihe kbrur. '""y 7. Jt IS in yam to dry roots that may commonly be had BCHAP. V. Of Baris. medicine, are of Ihcfe forts; 01 Iruits, of roots, of boughs. ^ a. The 3JO Birtaiom for 'making of Syrups, &c. _ 2. The barks of fruits arc to be taken wlien tlie fruit IS fall ripe, as Oraugcs, T.emous, &c. but becaufe I have nothing- to ( lictney or lugar, hereafter- iri.entionetl, boiled to tlie thicknei's of new lionev. ^ 2. ^ou fee at the firit view, 'That tliis aphorifin di- vides itfelf into titree branches, w hich defervefeverally to be treated of, viz. 1. Syrups made by iiifufion. 2. Syrups made by decodion. 3. Syrups made by juice. Of each of thefe, (for your inrtrudion-fake, kind 'countrymen and women] I fpeak a word, or two apart. ifl. Syrups made by infufion, are ufually made of flo.wers, and of fuch flowers as foon lofe their colour andflrength by boiling, as rofes, violets, peach-flowers, &c. My tranflation of the London Difpenfatory will in- Itrud you in the re (t. They are thus made : Having picked your flowers clean, to every pound of them add three pounds, or three' pints, which you will (for it is all one) of fpring w'ater, made Loiling hot j firfl: put your flowers into a pewter-pot, with a cover, and pour the W'ater on them ; then (hutting the pot, let it {land by the fire, to keep hot twelve hours, and drain it out ; (in fuch fyrups as purge, as damalk rofes, peach-flow- ers, &c. the ufual, and indeed the bell way, is to re- peat this infufion, adiling fielh flowers to the fame li- quor divers times, that fo it may be the ftronger) hav- ing drained it out, put the infufion into a pewter bafon, or an earthen one r\ cll glazed, and to every pint 0! it add two pounds of fugar, which being only melted over the fire, without boiling, and fcumined, ^vill pro- duce you the fyrup you defire. 2dly, Syrups made by decodlion are ufually made of compounds, yet may any fimple herb be thus converted into fyrup : 'I'ake the herb, root or .flowers, you would make into a fyrup, and bruife a little then boil it in a convenient quantity of fpring water ; the more water you boil it in, the weaker it will be; a haiKlIul of the herb or root is a convenient quantity for a pint of wa- ter • boil it till half the water be confumed, then let it Hand till it bealmoll cold, and drain it thro' a woollen cloth, letting it run out at leifure, without prdung : To every pint of this decodtion add one pound ol lu- irar and boil it over the fire till it come to a fyrup, which you may know, if you now' and then cool a liule of it vvlth a fpoon : Scum it all the while it boi s DirefHons for making of Syrups, &c. 333 and when it is fufficiently boiled, whilft it is hot, ftraiu it again through a woollen cloth, but prefs it not. Thus you have the fyrup perieaed. 3dly, Syrups made of juice, are ufually made ot lucd herbs as are full of juice, and indeed they are better made into a fyrup this way than any other ; the opera- tion is thus: Having beaten the herb in a ftone mortar, with a wooden pellle, prefs out the juice, and clarify it, as you are tau«ht before in the juices; then let the juice boil away till about a quarter of it be confumed : to a pint of this add a pound of fugar, and boil it to a fyrup, always fcumming it, and when it is boiled enough, drain it through a woollen cloth, as we taught you before, and keep it for your ufe. 3. If you make a fyrup of roots that are any thing hard, as Parfley, Fennel, and Grafs-roots, &c. when you hare bruifed them, lay them in deep fome time in that waier which you intend to boil them in, hot, fo will the virtue the better come out. 4. Keep your fyrups either in glades or done pots, and dop them not with cork or bladder, unlefs you would have the glafe break, and the fyrup lod, only bind paper about the mouth. . '5. All fyrups, if well made, continue a year with fome advantage ; yet fuch as are made by infufion, keegt Ihorted. CHAP. III. Ofjuhps. JULEPS were fird invented, as I fuppofe, in Arabia ; and my reafon is, becaufc the word julep is an Arabic word. 2. It fignifies only a pleafant potion, as is vulgarly ufed by fuch as are lick, and want help, or fuch as are in health, and want no money to quench third. 3. Now-a-day it is commonly ufed, I. To prepare the body for purgation. 2. 'I’o open obdruftions and the pores. 3. To diged tough humours. 4. To qualify hot didempers, &rc. 4, Simple juleps, (for I have nothing to fay to com- pounds here) are thus made: Take a pint of fuch didd- led water, as conduces to the cure of your didemper, which this treatife will plcntilully furnilh you with, tc» which add two ounces ol fyrup, conducing to the fame effe^j (1 lhali you lules for it in the next chapter) Q»S miv 334 DireBioiu for making of Syrups, iSc. mix them together, and drink a draught of it at vour p ealure. It you love tart things, add ten drops oV oil o vitriol to your pint, and fliake it together, and itwiil Jiave a fine grateful talle. 5. All juleps are made for prefent ufe, and therefore It IS in vain to fpeak of their duration. A CHAP. IV. Of Decodions, LL the difference between decoftions, and fyrup made by decottion, is this : Syrups are made to eep, decodlion only tor prefent ufe ; for you can hardly Keep a decoftion a week at any time ; if the weather be ■bot, not half fo long, 2. Decoflions are made of leaves, roots, flow^ers, feeds, fruits or barks, conducing to the cure of the dif- eafe you make them for; are made in the fame manner as we Ihewed you in fyrups. 3. Decoftions made with wine latHonger than fuch as are made w'ith water ; and if you take your decoc- tion to cleanfe the paffage of the urine, or open obtlruc- ^ons, your bell way is to make it with white wine in- ilead of w’ater, becaufe this is penetrating. ^ 4. Decodlions are ot moft ufe in finch difeafes as lie iiy the paffages of the body, as the llomach, bowels, . Jcidnies, paffages of urine and bladder, becaufe decoc- tions pafs quicker to thofe places than any other form of medicines. 5. If you will fweeten your decofliou with fugar, or ' any fyrup fit for the occafion you take it for, wmich is * better, you may, and no harm. 6. If in a decoftion, you boil both roots, herbs, flow- { ers, and feed together, let the roots boil a good while ' firil, becaufe they retain their virtue longeft ; then the 1 next in order by the fame rule, njix. 1. The Barks. 2. j The herbs. 3. The feeds. 4. The flowers, j. The A fpices, if you put any in, becaufe their virtues come 9 toonell out. 7. Such things as by boiling caufe fliminefs to a decoc- tion, as figs, quince-feed, linfecd, &c. your bell way is, after you nave bruifed them, to tie them up in a linen- rag, as you tie up calf’s brains, and fo boil them. fl 8. Keep all decodlions in a glafs clofe flopped, and in I the cooler place you keep them, the longer they will fl lull ere they be four. a Lafliy, The ufual dofe to be given at one time, is ufually z, 3, 4> or 5 ounces, according to the age and ilrength DirtBions for making of Syrups, isfc. 335 lii ength of the patient, the feafon of the year, the ftrength of the medicine, and the quality of the difeafe. CHAP. V. Of Oils. OTT^ Olive, which is commonly known by the name of Sallad Oil, I fuppofe, becaufe it is ufually eaten with fallads by them that love it ; if it be prelTed out or ripe olives, according to Galen, is temperate, and ex- ceeds in no one quality. 2. Of oils, fome are fimple, and fome are compound. 3. SiiTqrle oils are fuch as are made of fruits or feeds bv exprellion, as oil of tweet and bitter almonds, linfeed and rape feed oil, &c. of w’hich fee in my Difpenfator}’’. 4. Compound oils, are made of oil of olives, aid other limples, imagine herbs, flowers, roots, &c. j. The way of making them is this : Having bruifed the herbs or flowers you would make your oil 'of, put them into an earthen pot, and to two of three handfuls of them pour a j)int ol'oil, cover the pot w'ith a paper, fet it in the fun about a fortnight or fo, according as the fun is in hotnefs; then having warmed it very vvell by the fire, prefs out the herb. See. very hard in a prefs, and add as many more herbs to the fame oil j bruife the herbs (I mean not the oil) in like manner, fet them ia the fun as before ; the oftener you repeat this, the ftronger your oil will be : at lall when you conceive it ifrong enough, boil both oil and herbs together, till the juice be confumed, which you may know by its leaving its bubbling, and the herbs will be crifp ; then drain it while it is hot, and keep it in a Hone or glafs vefifel for your ufe. 6. As for chymical oils, 1 have pothing to fay here. 7. The general ufAof thefe oils is for pains in. the limbs, roughnefs of tne Ikin, the itch, &c. as alfo for ointments and plaillers. 8. If you have occafioirto ufe it for wounds or ulcers, in two ounces of oil, diflblve half an ounce of turpentine, the heat of the fire will quickly do it ; for oil itfelf is of- fenfivc to wounds, and the turpentine qualifies it. CHAP. VI. Of Eleiluaties, PHYSICIANS make more a (juoil than needs by half, about elefluaries. I (hall preferibe but one general way of making them up ; as for ingredients, you may vary them as you pleafe, and as you find oc- 33^ I^iy£^ions Joy making oj Syrups, 1. That you fnay make elcfluaries when you neeJ them, it is requifite that you keep always herbs, roots, flowers, leeds, &c. ready dried in your houfe, that fo you may be in a readinefs to beat them into a powder when you need them. 2. It is better to keep them whole than beaten ; for being beaten, they are more fubjeft to lofe their ftrength ; becaufe the air foon penetrates them. ° 3. It they be not dry enough to beat into powder when you need them, dry them by a gentle fire till they are fo. 4. Having beaten them, fift them through a fine tiffany fearce, that no great pieces may be found in your elec- tuary. 5. To one ounce of your powder add three ounces of clarified honey ; this quantity I hold to be fufficienr. If you would make more or lefs eletluary, vary your proportion accordingly. 6. Mix theiri well together in a mortar, and take this for a truth, you cannot mix them too much. 7. The way to clarify honey, is to fet it over the fire in a convenient veflel, till the fcum rife, and when the fcum is taken off, it is clarified. 8. The ufual dofe of cordial elefluaries, is from half a dram to two drams ; of purging eledluaries, from half an ounce to an ounce. 9. The manner of keeping them is in a pot. 10. The time of taking them, is either in a morning falling, and falling an hour after them ; or at night going to bed, three or four hours after fupper. (’HAP. VII. 0/ Coti/erves. The way of making conferves is twofold, one of herbs and flowers, and the other of fruits. 2. Conferves of herbs and flowers, arc thus made ; if you make your conferve of Iverbs, as of fcurvy-grafs, wormwood, rue, and the like, take only the leaves and tender tops (for you may beat your heart out, before^ you can beat the llalks fmall) and having beaten them, weigh them, and to every pound of them add 3 pounds of fugar, you cannot beat them too much. 3. Conferves of fruits, as of barberries, floes and the like, are thus made: Firlt, Scald the fruit, then rub the pulp through a thick hair fieve made for that purpofe, called a pulping-fieve ; you may do it for a need with the back of a fpooJi ; then take this pulp thus auu DireBions for making of Syrupi, ^c. 337 and add to it Its weight of fugar, and no more;, put it into a pewter veflel, and over a charcoal fire ; ftir it up and down till the fugar be melted, and your conferve is piade. 4. Thys you have the way of making conferves; the way of keeping them is in earthen pots. 5. The dofe is ufually the quantity of a nutmeg at a time, morning and evening, or (unlefs they are purg- ing,) when you pleafe. 6. Of conferves, fome keep many years, as conferves of rofes ; others but a year, as conferves of borage, buglofs, cowllips, and the like. 7. Have a care of the working of fome conferves pre- fently after they are made ; look to them once a day, and liir them about : Conferves of borage, buglofs, worm- wood, have got an excellent faculty at that fport. 8. You may know when your conferves are almofl fpoiled by this ; }mu (hall find a hard crull at top with little holes in it, as though worms had been eating there. CHAP. VIII. Of PrefirirtSHom for making of Syrups y ^c. the fooner will your ointment be ftrong: the laft time you boil it, boil it fo long till your herbs be crifp, and the juice confumed, then drain it, prefling it hard in a prefs, and to every pound of ointment add two ounces of turpentine, and as much wax, be.caufe greafe is of- leiifive to wounds, as well as oil. 2 . Ointments are vulgarly known to be kept in pots, and will lall above a year, fome above two years. CHAP. XL Op Plapers. I. C I 'HE Greeks made their plaifters of divers fimples, A and put metals into mod of them, if not all ; for, having reduced their metals into powder, they mix- ed them with that fatty fubdance whereof the reft of the plaider confided, whild it was yet hot, continually dirring it up and clown, led it fhould fink to the bottom ; fo they continually flirred it till it was diff ; then they made it up in rolls, which when they needed for u!e, they could melt by fire again. 2 'i'he Arabians made up theirs with oil and fat, which needeth not fo long boiling. 3. The Greeks emplaifters confided of thefe ingredi- ents, metals, dones, divers forts of earth, faces, juices, liquors, feeds, roots, herbs, excrements ol creatures, wax, rofin, gums. CHAP. XII. 0/ Pouhices. POULTICES are thofe kind of things which the Latins^ call Cataplapmnto^ and our learned fellows, that if they can read Englifli, that’s all, call them Cataplafrns, becaufe ’tis a crabbed word few underlland ; it is in- deed a very fine kind of medicine to ripen fores.^ 2. They are made of herbs and roots, fitted for the difeafe and members afflifted, being chopped fmall, and boiled in water almod to a jelly ; then adding a little barley-meal, or meal of lupins, and a little oil, or rough fweet fuet, which I hold to be better, fpread upon a cloth and apj ly to the grieved place. 3, Their ufe is to cafe pain, to break fores, to cool inflammations, to diflblve hardnefs, to cafe the fplecn, to concodi humours, and difiipate fvvellings. 4.. I bcfeech you take this caution ’along with jou . Ufe no poultices (if you can help it) of an healing nature, before you have firll cleanfed the body, becaul'e they arc fubjcdl to draw the humours to them from every part of the body , Dirc^ions for making of Syrups, kfjC. 341 ‘ CMA.P. XIII. Of Troches. t, IK Latins call PlacentnU, or little cakes, and the Greeks ProfA/iJo'-f. KukHfcoi, &\\<\ Artif- toi ; tliej" are iifiially little round flat cakes, or jou may make fliem fquare ii’3'ou will. . 2. Tlieir firll invention was, that powders being fo kept, might refill the intermiflion ol air, and lo endure pure the longer. 3. Belides, they are eafier carried in the pockets of fu jh as travel ; as many a man (for example) is forced To travel whofe llomach is too cool, or at leaft not fo hot as it fliould be, which Ls molt proper, lor the ftomach is never cold till a man be dead ; in fuch a cafe, it is better to carry troches of wormwood, or galangal, in a paper in his pocket, than to lay a gallipot along with him. 4. They are made thus: At night w'hen you go to bed, take two drams of fine gum tragacanth ; put it into a gallipot, and put half a quarter of a pint ot any dillilled water fitting for the purpofe you would make your troches for, to cover it, and the next morning you fhall find it in fuch a jelly as the phyficians call muci- lage: With this you may (with a little pains taking) inalic a powder into a palle, and that palle into a cake ca'lcJ troches, 5. Having made them, dry them in the fhade, and keep them in a pot for your ufe. CHAP. XIV. Of Pills. I. are called Pilulte, becaufe they refemble A little balls; the Greeks call them Oatapotia. 2. It is the opinion of modern phyficians, that this way of making medicines, was invented only to deceive the palate, that fo, by fwallowing them down whole, the bitternefs of the medicine might not be perceived, or at leafl it might not be infulferable ; and indeed moll of their pills, though not all, are very bitter. 3. I am of a clean contrary opinion to this. I rather think thtty were done up in this hard form, that fo they might be the longer digelling ; and my opinion is grounded upon rcafon too, not upon fancy, or hearfay. 'I'he firll invention of pills was to purge the head ; now, as 1 told you before, fuch infirmities as lie near the paf- fages, were belt removed by decodlions, becaufe they pals to the grieved part foonell ; fo here, if the infirmity licii 342- DircHions for making of Syru-pi, (Sc, lies ill the head, or any other remote part, the befi war IS to ule pdls, becaule they are longer in digeftion, and therelore better able to call the offending humour to 4- It I ftould tell you here a long tale of medicines by tympathy and antipathy, you would not underliand a word ot it : They that are iet to make phy- ' iicians, may find it in the treatife. All modern phyfr- Clans know not what belongs to flats and (harps in mu- lick, but follow the vulgar road, and call it a hidden quality, becaufe it is hidden from the eyes of dunces, and indeed none but adrologers can give a reafon for it ; and phyfick without rea!on, islikeapudding withoutfat. 5'. I he way to make pills is verv eafy, for with the help of a pellle and mortar, and a little diligence, you rnay make any powder into pills, either with fyrup, or the jelly J told you before. CHAP, XV. The Waj of mixing Medicines, according to the Cai/Je of the Difeafe, and Part of the B-jdy offlided. '^HIS being indeed the key of the work, 1 fliall be fomewhat the more diligent in it. 1 (hall deliver myfelf thus : 1 . To the vulgar. 2. To fuch as lludy Altrology ; or fuch as (ludy phy- lick aftrologically. id. To the Vulgar. Kind fouls, I am forry it hath ^ been your hard mifhap to have been fo long trained in fuch Egyptian darknefs, even darknefs which to your forrow may be felt ; The vulgar road of phyfick is not my praftice, and 1 am therefore the more unfit to give you advice. J have now publilhed a little book, pGa- lens Art of PhyfckJ which will fully inllruih you, not only in the knowledge of your own bodies, but alfo in j fit medicines to remedy each part of it when afflidted ; in the mean feafon take thefe lew rules to day your Ilomachs. 1. With the difeafe, regard the caufe, and the part of the body afflidledj for example, fuppofe a woman be fubjedl to mifearry, through wind ; thus do: (i.) Look Abortion in the table ofdifeafes, and you- {hall be diredted by that, liow many herbs prevent mif- caniage, (j.j Look wind in the fame table, and you (hall fee 1 how many ol thefe herbs expel wind. Thefe are the lierbs medicinal for your grief. z. In ; ! , Directions for making of Syrups, &c. 343 2. In all difeafes llvengtlieu tl>e part of the body af- ;flifled. 3. In mixed dlfeares thee lies fome difEcviUy, for (fomctiines two parts of the body are afflidled with con- ttrary humoyrs, as fometimes the liver is afflifted with icholer and water, as v. hen a man hath had the dropfy land the yellow jaundice ; and this is ufually mortal. In the former, fuppofe the brain to be too cold and moifl, and the li'/er to be hot and dry ; thus do : 1. Keep your head outwardly warm. 2. Acenftom yoiufelf to the fmell of hot herbs. 3. Take a pill that heats' the head at night going to bed. 4. In the mornin;? take a decoilion that cobls the liver, for that quickly- palTeth the fiomach, and is at the liver immediately. You mull n:;t thiiik, courteous people, that I can fpdnu time to give you examples of 'all difeafes : Thefe are enough to let you fee fo much light as you without art are able to receive: Iflfnould fet j'^ou to look at the fun, I fhould dazzle your eyes, and make you blind, zdly. To fuch as Ihidy Aftrology, (who are the only men I know that are fit to ftudy phyfick, phyTick, with- out aftrology being like a lamp without oil) you are the men I exceedingly refpedi, and fuch documents as my brain can give you at prefent (being abfent from my ftudy) I fliall give you. i I. Fortify the body with herbs of the nature of the Lord of the Afcendant, ’tis no matter whether he be a Fortune or Infortune in this cafe. 2. Let your medicine be fomething antipathetical to the Lord of the Sixth. 3. Let your medicine be fomething of the nature of his fign afeending. 4. J1 the Lord of the Tenth be ftrong, make ufe of his medicines. 5. If this cannot well be, make ufe of the medicines of the I^ight of Time. 6. Be fare always to fortify the grieved part of the body by fympathetical remedies. 7. Regard the Heart, keep that upon the wheels, be- ^^tife the Sun is the foundation of life, and therefore thofe univerfal remedies, /^urnm Poiaiile, and the Thilo- fopher’b Stone, cure all difeafes by fortifying the heart. TABLE 344 A ^^RTION, 649 295 ’93 ■r~\ Aconites, 30 201 230 Aches, 203 230 245 291 ■Aciclets, j4 304 Adult choler, 66 jc6 Alter-hiHh, '2 9 49 ?6 82 118 J26 lade of DiJ‘afe'. 1 3 201 2.30 308 3 1 1 ' 5 7 . ^}--ucs,6S 1321 3638 72 86 1)2 iis 128 135 ,46 162 »/2 177 )8i 19) 204 238 2S» 260 270 284 289 296 307 312317 Ajtues in the breaft, i A77 Almonds in the ears, 4465 207 Andicomes^ 30 206 Sr. Ancho;,y’s fire, 4 37 gj 9, 108 159 165 182 242 252 283 Apoplexy, 169 173 ig, Aunpits, ill fcent, 241 2f4 Arteries, 23 30 143 Allhnia, 31 g Back, eafeth pains and ttrengiheneth, 4 88 203 31 1 ^-rldnefs, 34 112 312 Barrennefs, 16 67 j68 207 Jieamy, 70 92 112 139 16S 128 iicalJs- venomous, 23 18 3641 135 Belching, ^7 u?’’’ y binds, 172, 252 «eiiy opens, 22 232 241 298 ^e», 1S9 182 272 Jilting of mad dogs, 25 36 123 _ *35 * 5 7 > 60 232 Birt.h, 2 3 Hiring of ferpcnti, 23 25 146 Binding, jj 40 138 210 222 289 Bleedings, 32 36 54 57 65“ 78 85 9* *58 159 *67 17s j8o 188 *97 208 231 241 264 267 269 272 289 305 Bleedings by leeches to flay, 30 Blood cooleih, 27 45 46 140 Jiiood fpitting, 231 Blood purging, 51 191 Bloody urine, 6 Bl.ifiings by lightning, 239 Black and blue fpots, 41 68 81 204 Bladder, 235992 118 122 J4i *46 *74 *83 309 13lenn(he«, 124 blindncls, 170, 259 Blows, 183 185 166 Bread, 5 Ji 90 too I 230 Brain, 24 63 82 93 ti i 136 169; 28 135 2 25 29 31 49 25 44 48 54 *)3 220 Breath dillicult, 113 260 Bloody flii.<, 6 8.,. Bliliers, 33 2.31 283 Bowels, 68 8r 171 183 214 240 Bots, 13J Boils, 26 36 82 203 263 Bones broken, 49 52 55 58 104 *27 161 276 232 Bruifes, j 8 24 36 45 55 68 162 168 179 183 258 267 278 300 Burning, 4 iS 33 48 87 HI 146 160 163 1 73 226 CIACHEXIA. 8 12 90 lOI i Cancers, 7 49 70 80 83 125 Cankers, 34 42 55 59 65 159 13* 166 205 245 273 Ciintharides, 41' 210 Carbuncles, 272 276 312 Carting, 12279 Cattle poifoned, 153 Catarrhs, 1.83 287 Child biith, 36 121 Chilblains, iji 123 j66 Chincough, 248 300 Choler, 26 66 90 rti 117 119 128 *37 15a *62 171 184 192 234 242 249 258 289 303 305 Choleric pufltcs, 87 Choleric fluxes, 238 f.'holeric humours, 228 28^ Chops, 135 192 264 314 Cold, 36 63 186 199 230 Colic, 3 6 13 25 41 63 68 72 III 118 128 143 146 164 189 202 205232 253 260 271 274 291 3*2 Cough, 6 29 36 49 63 73 87 160 164205 207217230 234239 255 260 265 301 306 308 Cods, 30 150 |66 181 308 314 Conception; 67 168 265 Congealed blood, z 19 83 108 122 Confumption, 465960 136157 164 184 220 231 318 CoovuWionr, 345 Table of Difeafes. ' Coiivulfion"!, 2J'36 62 73 92 ii^ 134 136 137 Hi M7 164 169 1S3 262 274 2S4 29'; 3>S Co:i'ivenc:fs, 79 Corriifion,* 1 26 Cranp, 3 23 48 f^z 73 92 114 128 '3J >37 U7 164 169 ‘S3 ‘97 201 224 230 265 274 284 290 301 318 Corrifption, 90 Counter p:)ifon, 164 182 Dandruff, 34 lot 19s 205 276 Dead child, 3 49 178 125 18S 232 224 Deafnefs, 13 105 184 272 283 312 Deformity, 119 123 229286 Defluflions, 237 245 317 Diabetes, or thofe who cannot keep water, loi 302 Difteftion, 252 269 271 Difficulty of breathing, 59 98 207 Dimnefi of fight, 13 164 189224 235 297 308 Difeafc fudden, 2 Diflocaiions, 16 52 36 135 157 Dreams, 171 193 239 Dropfy, 1 1 22 24 3652111 1 1 5 ‘23 134146 147155160 168 187200215 231 260270 281 29s 296 301 Drowfinefi, 254 Drunkennefs, 163 Dulnefs offpirit, 136 265 Dyfury, 29 30 41 48 51 58 75 89 loi 106 111 11^ 120 133^ IS*' 146 156 i6a 165 177 180 30a 1 AKij, 7 19 27 36 73 89 1 1 1 121 -V ‘23 167 184 193 213 219 222 232249258 272 297 312 F.arwig, 149 Epidemical Difeafes, 13 36 4*: 53 21 1 2f ^ Ephialtes, or the Mare, 92 225 Excoriations, 113 1 j8 181 Eyes, 1015 22 27 29 364354 73 82 98 108 109 1 13 1 16 124 132 • 48 157 160 163 176 190 214 219220250 283 304 3M f,'ACE, 25 297 3'^> Fainting, 106 135 Falls, 2455 76 80 104 166 jSf 267 Falling ficknefs, 2 4 So 92 131 162 164182 169 195 204 214 217 221 223 225 23t 235 265 3°9 Fat decreafeth, 120 Felons 19 30 206 Fevers, 27 4.746 48 104 126 Films in the eyes, 83 ni 120 21 1 287 Fiftulas, 15 21 56 125 142 167 208 2ti 217 222 246 274 297 308 Forgetfulnefs, 254 Fleas, 1218 Flies, to keep from fores, 19 Flagging brealis, 168 Flux of blood, 34 39 54 57 go 105 124 126 130 159 161 163 166 168 180 188 197 200 210 231 240 241 242 246 250 251 265 267 278 316 Freckles, 4995 98 99 108 114 122 125 147 177 204 211 222 294 308 French pox, 115 144 151 156 252 266 291 Frenzy, 121 159 217 231 238 301 308 Furdament, 122 249 ('S ALL, 63 101 106 107 100 _J Galled feet, 12 Gangrenes, 56 88 102 167 2c8 291 312 Gout, 10 18 23 27 30 36 48 60 73 80 8 8 98 108 III 1 14 127 137 150 164 173 187 203 205 208 209 221 223 226 230 231 235 239 260 300 303 305 31 I Gnats, 175 Green ficknefs, i 72 Gravel, 424 4.7 49 5, 65 66 74 89 108 12J I <3 1 39 14, ,67 187 192 ZO8 215 221 229 2.14 248 269 273 2S1 30.1 Griping, 107 182 Groin, 209 ^r*'Tr’ I — J AIR to m.ike yellow, 26 to JL X reftoiCj 173 204 222 2.72 Head, 34^ Table of Difeafes. Head, 21 44 68, 73 92 131 ijj 184 J89 173 192 250 260 Head ach, 33 5290108 111,179 121 127,163 i6‘9 i;i 195 198 217 224^43 25-i- *79 307 308 .309 312 Heat, loi 159 167238 250 Hearing, lo. See Ears Heart, 57 34 135 173 186 253 269 289 304 310 Hemorrhoids, 72 78 83 122 127 161 164 201 283 Hemlock, 208 Henbane, 208 Hiccough, 103 119 145 192 High colour, 41 Hips, 300 Hoarl'enefs, 123 126 174205237 265 ' Humours, 51 74 155 184 191 249 252 314 Hypocondfia, 101 io6 JAUNDICE black, 2416 132 Jaundice yellow, 421 26 52 62 63 106 132 143 163 180 214 218 223 250 258 282 291 309 Jaws, 8 Iljac pafTion, 272 Impoflhumes, 227 195 206 245 263 265 269 276 198 Inflammations, 9 1227 74 80 82 87 141 149 148 151 155 159 165 167 168 171 174 176 182 189 191 197 201 209 210 222 231 238 240 249 281 283 287 289 297 308 312 InfcfUon, to preferve from it, 1 3 250 276312 * Indigeftion, 36 68 135 171 250 Joints, 29 33 73 80 88 114 '*8 ‘35 >43 >i*5 2®5 *5*^ *55 260 267 285 Itch, 8 27 4445 78 98 104 114 >3* >35 >55 >57 >7® >**+ 231 282 290 J^ERNELS, 100 183 290 304 Xibes, 123 151 166 Xidnics, 52 92 142 165 1 83 31 1 King’s evil, 18 41 65 71 122 135 166 183 193 2:0 245272290 Knots in the flefli, 80 80 282 LASK.S, 12 85 201 242 25* 258 270 Leachery, 14S Leprofy, 4 15 2762 112 122^25 164 184204211252 276 291 3'4 Lethargy, 5 15 133 169 204 217 221 254 265 272 301 Lice, II 53 151 156 204291 ’Limbs, 164 Liver, 7 38 55 57 62 78 99 jo4 107 112 128 132 135 143 145 157 169 175 182 192 210 £14 243254258278287296392 Loathing ofmeat, 105 119188258 Longings, 108-^08 Loofe teeth, 239 249 293 , Lofs of voice, 169 Lungs, 8 2987 93 123 178 180 ^ 184205221234300302315 4 Lull provokes, 22 31 77 82 83 J 192 204 212 216 Lull flops, 146 1 7 1 31 5 MADNKS, 1 52 Mad dogs, 3 14 26 36 iii 123 133 135 208 214 Mandrakes, 208 Mare, 56 225 Marks in the Ikin, 30 176 185 223 254 267 Matrix, 44 249 Meafles, 44 i86 301 Megrims, 29 127 290 Melancholy, 10 25 46 57 101 115 119 136 152 179 191 198 223 252 286 291 295 310 Members disjointed, 127 t6i 234 Memory, 21 66 116 104 173 1S9 254265 Milk in nurfes, 46 119 >7> >8i ' 235 248 311 Milk curdling, 30 s Milk in cattle, 86 ' Mind, 8 , Mineral vapours', 134 Mifcarriage, 188 Morphew, ,) 50 99 102 Ic5 >09 114 123 147 156 173 203 204 222 260 294 317 5 Mother, 17 23 36 4> 49 5* >‘9 - 1 iS 187 191 197 207 210 217 230260272274290 3*2 Moutn, t'Tdble of Difeafes. Mouth, 9 j6 39 So i8i 207 139 223 231 240 244 265 278 2S7 209 308 Muihrooms, 119 204 219 Mufcles cut, 85 183 Nails in the fledt, 719s Navels of chiidien, 239 300 Neck, 1 1 5 297 Nettles, 160 Nerves, 29 43 Nightfliatffe eaten, 208 Nits, 292 Nipples, 127 *Noflurnal pollutions, 144 Noifa in the ears, 34150 155 184 280 Noli me tangere, 124 Nofe, 160 i66 Obstructions of the gaii, 72 loi 106 1 79 270 289 Obftruftions of the liver, 2 8 29 34 no 115 120 131 156 175 184 185 222 229 243 261 270 280 287 289 296 Obftruftionsof the fpleen,8 2t , . I3I 156 179 184 185 222 24j 280 289 296 311 Obftructions of the reins, 202 212 3«i PAINS, 13 27 103201 237 293 Pain in the bowels, 290 317 Pains' in the lidcs, 27 53 79 184 260 276 Pains in the reins, 2 23 Pains in the back and belly, 1113 92 Pains in the ears, 184 225 249 258 261 280 291 Pains in the head, 237 250264301 Paify, 77 8# I n 121 136 162 164 '73 > 79 >95 230 272 Pcliilence or plague, 13254657 69 76 98 104 108 132 163 173 Phthifick, 13 76 145 174 200 214 220 231 234 258 Phlegm, 46 59 73 9098 no 1 19 123 135 152 161 191 217 242 274 300 306 314 Piles, 44 87 9^ '65 222 231 Pimples, 95 125 132 159 ,65 251 260 276 289 347 Pin and web, &c. 148173 Piffing bloody*’ 8 40 54 75 92 15S rieurify, 177 181 235 276 Poifon, 25 27 4446 4j 58 65 98 104 109 114 11.9 135 173 177 - iSi 184 192 210 230 242 260 ^ 284289298310 Pox fmall, 4 42 Polypus, 98 208 234 Privities, 87 167 175 f^urples, 42 301 Pulhes,78 87 126 235 284 289 322 QUARTAN agues, 18, 153 X^2'5 234 241 Quotidian agues, go 1 1 5 Quinfy, 448091 155 17721424s 309 312 321 WEUM, 9091 128 158 163 - _ 167 187 191 207 Reins, 15 22 1 15 u8 121 165 170 183 229 238 251 259262270 273 293 301 309 . jleds, 218 249 I Rickets, 109 279 Ringworms, 46 49 66 70 102 148 ^ 156 157 209 260 273 Ruptures, 25 48 62 80 85 90 100 112 118 135 IJ9 168183 214 247 262 267 270 293 gA^DNESS, 119 . . y oCnbby heads, C3 44 73 i\z r 7 3 207 302 Scabs, 8 1 1 26 30 ss 60 78 94 104 132 138 164 170 19, 208 210 290 314 Scars, 62 94 176 254 Sciatica) i8 2z 30 80 93 102 1 12 128 1^2 1(5^ 205 226 230 243 284 300 Serpents biting, 6 ,0 165 23 1 301 Scurvy, 51 99 ,64 184 248 Seed mcreafe, 79 1 15 Shingles, So 217 231 Sinews, 23 30 59 78 loS m 105 201 at I 276 315 Skin, 99 138 226 278 Small pox, 186 24S 264301 Smell loli, helpelh, 16 Sneezing, 13 185 220 Sores, 644 59 66 127 ,92 230266 273278284302313 Speech 34^ Table of Difeafes. speech loft, 175 • ■ Spleen, 3 8 is 5194. ic6 113 115 ilS 12S 163 lyg 1S3 193 214 =34 =?S =9' 39^ 3>S Sphiuers, 7 18 1D2 115 145 307 Stitches, 24 36 53 64113 135 i6. Stomach, 13.27 36 7-1 g8 99 J12 jeS 135 136 ICO i'4 177 184 192 219 249 25 (. 287 301 -Stoppings, II 21 107 Strangury, 10 13 166 140 150 164 174 191 215 248 284293 306 Stone, 23 32 3951 5979 119 133 141 164 170 187 197 210 215 229 248258 281 298293 Sun fuming, 35 92 icg Surfeits, 60 175 238 Sw;eirings, 51 63 87 100 103 112 162 173 186 191 230 245 264 269 276 285 3C0 309 320 Swoonings, 25 46 135 198 250 TAEETH, I2-I2I 179 2=0 28ilk,^y,®^"^‘T’ '5o Tenefmus, gi ^^ Weanncls, ^ 36 157 208 1 o ’ _ o Wheals, 49 127 .235 284 321 terms provokes, .3 15 17 5^ jS y^/jjeer.ngs,^ S8^2^^55^ll3 255 72 103 114 J18 133 163 179 308- 03 i - 207 2.4 273 298 3U 321 ^7 v/hi Ves, 50 206: Terms ftops, 14 4= 7° So 93 142 I'..”" ^ 5 145 161 175 2CO 209 218 z.,0 i4> ^ Trembling, 92 106 16) 23S Tunlour^.. See fwellings. \ ; EKOM, 274 298 Vermin, 26 Vein, brokei , 166 266 Venery, 31 171 zro 248 Ve.t go, 23 29 33 6692 Viper's, 310 Vomiting, 5 >i 107 16S ig? 197 242 250 267 301 315 Uvula, 167 201 204 207 U.cers, 3 7 914T8 47 57 62 70 7-3 ■ 78 50 too 103 to8 II3 117 I2f 124 12S 139 146 t$3 158 187 195 2c8 228 231 241 249 26t 260 273 279 280 287 291 300 308 313 ; ARTS and Wens, 123 161 1 215 297 •t Wafps, 1S2 270 282 291 301 Tendons, 222 Tetters, 37 66 148 157 191 232 261 273 282 Tefticles, 200 Thirft, 17 1 23> 281 309 Throat, 16 46 65 98 104 167 309 Thrufts, 5 Tiiorns, 7 70 82 1 15 208 Tooth-ach, 4 laS 155 204 238 247 291 3t2 Travail in wuiued, 140 207 290 300 Womb, 17 49 91 121 185207 293 : Worms, 4 8 18 76 107 127 164 170 208 265 281 297 Wounds, 18 36 44 53 57 88 133: 176 187' 198 211 2i8 228 231 262 276 293 302 308 3x4 Wrinkles, 92 Yellow jaundice, 48 52 6o 115 125 135 155 «74 "So. \.j\ 254 264 280 289 302 310 F INI S, . 4 •■'’4 s * .-“■ri 4*49 '*^31 [ \ I