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1933-1934
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LIBRARY
' MONTANA STATE LIBRARY^
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STATE DOCUM
MONTANA STATE FISH AND GAME
DEPARTMENT
MONTANA STATE DBRW«
930 East Lyndale Avenue
>4elena, Montana 596Qi
THE SPOKTSMAN
Said a five-inch trout as lie scampered back,
"Not all of the human race is black."
I've just met a sportsman in a boat,
A fearful man in a leather coat,
I fought for my life, but his line was strong,
And I couldn't get loose from the hook's sharp prong.
And I shivered with fright as I saw him grin With terrible glee as he drew me in. Then the hook came out and his line grew slack, As he petted my sides, and threw me back. And I heard him say as I dove down deep, "Good luck to you, lad, you're too small to keep." "Yes," said the wise fish, "now and then, The human family does breed men!"
—Edgar A. Guest.
UNO CO , MCLINA. HONI
To His Excellency,
The Hon. Frank H. Cooney,
Governor of Montana,
Helena.
The State Fish and Game Commission herewith respectfully submits the biennial report of activities of the department, setting forth achievements dur- ing the years 1933 and 1934.
MONTANA STATE FISH AND GAME COMMISSION
W. P. Sullivan, Chairman William Steinbrenner Ray G. Lowe
William F. Flynn W. C. Keil
J. W. Carney, State Fish and Game Warden and Secretary of Commission.
MONTANA STATE FISH AND GAME
DEPARTMENT
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COMMISSIONERS
W. P. SULLIVAN. Chairman. Square Butte WILLIAM STEINBRENNER, Missoula RAY. G. LOWE. Glondive
WILLIAM F. FLYNN. Anaconda W. C. KEIL, Billings
JACK W. CARNEY. State Game Warden
GAME WARDEN'S OFFICE STAFF
THOMAS O. PEASLEY. Ass't. Game Warden NELLIE RAW, Secretary WILLIAM H. VOORHIES, Cashier GERTRUDE SIMON, Stenographer
STATE GAME FARM J. F. HENDRICKS. Suporintendcnt. Warm Springs
DEPUTY GAME WARDENS
L. C. CI.ARK. Havre HARRY COSNER. Malta
THOMAS DANAHER. Gardiner W. J. DORRINGTON, Libbv
W. A. HILL. Wolf Point A. T. HOLMES, Billings
WM. RAY KOHLS, Ennis E. M. KROST. Missoula
J. I'. McCAFFERY. Anaconda F, R. MARSHALL. Bozeman
P. W. NELSON, Livingston A. A. O'CLAIRE, Kalispell
FRED E. PILLING. Butte C. R. PRICE. Dillon
A. D. ROUSHAR. Cut Bank H. C. SAILOR, Absarokee J. A. WEAVER, Lewistown
SPECIAL DEPUTY GAME WARDENS
ELMER A. DeGOLIER. Poison H. B. IVES, Superior
HARRY N. MORGAN, Ovando GEORGE MUXT>OW. Glendive
BRUCE NEAL, Augusta FRANK STARINA. Hardin
FRED T. STAUNTON. Roundup LOUIS MILLER. Ilarlowlon
O. L. REED, Miles City H. R. MORROW. Geraldine
FISHERIES DIVISION
KENNETH F. MacDONALD. Superintendent of Fisheries
ANN CRIMMINS, Stenographer
FISH HATCHERIES'
Anaconda, A. G. Stubblefield. Foreman
Big Timber, J. W. S'chofield. Foreman
Daly (Hamilton). J. P. Slu-clmn. Foreman
Emigrant, J. P. Campbell, Foreman
Great FalLs, Leo Gilroy, Foreman
Libby, Elmer Phillips, Foreman
Ovando, George Miller. Foreman
Philipsburg (Rock Creek), (iraham Cadwell. Foreman
Poison (Station Creek t. O. W. Link. Foreman
Red Lodge, Melvin Hoglund, Foreman
Somers, Eli Melton, Foreman
SPAWNING STATIONS
Flint Creek, Georgetown Lake Hebgen Lake, near West Yellowstone
Stewart Mill. (ieorgtMown Lnk<' Lake Ronan. near Dayton
Ashley l^ake, near Kalispell I^ko Francis, near Valier
Rodgers Lake, near Kalispell
POND CTTLTT'RAL STATION J. H. Chartrand, Foreman, Miles City
MONTANA STATE FISH AND GAME COMMISSION
GAME AND FISH OUTLOOK
By W. P. SULLLIVAN
CHAIRMAN, STATE FISH AND GAME COMMISSION
w-
W. P. SULLIVAN
'EATHER conditions in Montana for the two-year
period, January 1933, to December 1934, were most
unusual. Higher year round temperatures prevailed
with less precipitation over most of the state than for any
two consecutive years in Montana's history.
The light snowfall in the mountains and on the plains proved advantageous for big game and upland birds, but the extremely high temperatures and lack of rainfall dur- ing the last two summers brought an unparalleled drought condition with coincident suffering and loss to upland and migratory birds and game fish in the lesser trout streams of the state.
Most of the trout streams oi-iginating in the Highwood, Bearpaw, Little Rocky, Snowy, Belt and other mountain ranges completely dried up in July of this year. Local sportsmen, aided by deputy game wardens, saved many trout from pools in the drying streams, trans- porting them to live waters, but it was impossible to keep pace with the rapidly evaporating waters of the streams and many troxtt were Tost.
In the administration of the business of the Montana Fish and Game depart- ment, the commission has endeavored to be fair and impartial to every county in tLie state in the distribution of birds and planting of fish. This policy has been followed faithfully. The distribution was based on the facilities of each county to properly conserve the products of the game farm and state hatcheries.
Substantial progress has been made in the past two years in improvements at the state fish hatcheries, the game farm, and in the construction of rearing ponds. During the present year the department acquired title to the Daly hatchery at Hamilton. This hatchery was constructed by the late Marcus Daly at a cost of $30,000. It was acquired by the department from the administra4;ors of the estate at a cost, of $4,500.00.
Departmental revenues have decreased in Montana as well as in all other western states as a result of the nationwide depression, but every division of the department has continud to function creditably under curtailed expenses.
The game farm at Warm Springs, under the able management of Joe Hen- dricks, continued to produce from 10,000 to 11,000 birds for liberation each year, at a cost per bird much below the average in other states.
The state fish hatcheries under the supervision of K. F. MacDonald, have continued to operate at near maximum production, over 30,000,000 game fish being produced and planted annually in the streams, lakes and rivers of Montana. Advantage has been taken of the available relief work and many improve- ments of a permanent nature have been made at the department stations through- out the state. Attention is called particularly to the upbuilding of the stations
MONTANA STATE FISH AND GAME COMMISSION
at Lewistown and Giants Springs in Great Falls where an abundant and perma- nent water supply will always be available.
The Montana highway department has a marvelous record of accomplish- ment to its t-redit in the past two years. The main highways across the state are practically completed and hundreds of miles of scenic highways are being extended to the beautiful mountains. Game, fish and good roads will attract an increasing number of tourists to the Treasure state in the years to come.
The commission, though heavily handicapped since last April by the con- troversy which every cme in the state is familiar with, has pro<'eeded with its official duties and tasks. Under this handicap and harassment, it was difficult for the commission to accomplish all that was desired, yet much good has been accomplished.
An atmosphere of mutual respect and harmony prevails between the mem- l)ers of the commission and the chiefs representing the federal departments and divisions in Montana. In the final co-ordination and adjustment of the federal and state game program, no serious conflict is anticipated. These adjustments can and will be made to the satisfaction of the responsible men concerned and for the permanent benefit of the people of Montana.
THERE'S A THRILL WHEN THEY BREAK
Montana's .stream.s, abuundinp with fi^lititiK Kiiine trout, provide pleasure and en- joyment to the tourists passing through the state who try their skill at the sportiest of all — the flashing rainbow.
MONTANA STATE FISH AND GAME COMMISSION
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BENEFITS OF THE BUCK LAW
By RAY G. LOWE
MEMBER. STATE FISH AND GAME COMMISSION
Waiting for ma.
Sportsment over the state disagree somewhat regarding the benefit tlmt is derived from the buck law, but all that is neces- sary is to study the conditions and the situations in other states where the deer were almost extinct — and in many sections of our own state — to determine the practicability of the law.
In some parts of Montana a few years ago, it was a rare sight to catch a glimpse of a deer, but the buck law has worked out to such a degree that not one of the locations I have in mind shows anything but a healthy increase. In many regions you are allowed to enpoy your hunt through the benefits of the buck law alone.
At one time the state of Pennsylvania was almost devoid
of deer. Some right-thinking man or men decided to place the
buck law in oiieration and today that state has more deer than
any other. This condition, no matter how hard it is to believe,
was brought about by the buck law in a state that has more
people to the area than any other game-producing state in the nation. The
publi.shed articles of the state pertaining to the matter give full credit to the
buck law.
These astonishing facts or results have been brought about by the protec- tion of the brood stock. You must protect the brood stock to enable the increase to come to be of sufficient proportions to take care of the extra kill — coming each year through new roads into game teriitories, more sportsmen, inci-easing use of high-powered rifles, and easy transportation by automobile, train and bus.
A stockman who is trying to take care of his herd or is building it up, does not butcher or dispose of the cows and heifers, but he keeps and holds them back in oi-der that his herd will increase each year. The record shows that there is approximately an equal number of does and bucks raised annually. By saving the does we will soon have as many bucks each year as we formerly had added together.
Protect the does, save them, and they will furnish you with good hunting in the years to come. While thinking of this, do not forget the boy gi-owing up with the same instincts and love of the out-of-doors as you, the same red blood that leads him into the hills, and the same desii-e to be a good sportsman and a proud hunter. Give him a chance to enjoy the same things you did and never be it your lot to say to him :
"Well, son, we had the game, lots of it. but we didn't think of you. We just killed it ourselves. I am .sorry that .you cannot enjoy the sport I did, the good times in the fields and .streams. It is my fault, I killed the mothers, the does, the hens, and now there are none left. If the buck law and its benefits had been explained to me there would he plenty of game for you * * * It is too late now."
MONTANA STATE FISH AND GAME COMMISSION
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PROGRESS MADE
By J. W. CARNEY
STATE FISH AND GAME WARDEN
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T
J. W. CARNEY
«HE Montana fish and game commission presents this
biennial report covering a period of two years, 1933-34,
feeling that despite general economic conditions and
those affecting Montana's game regions, it has made marked
progress and is at least on a par with its neighboring
western states.
It has been no small task to keep in step with the times owing to the nation-wide depression and the drouth. Tlie depailment has been able, however, to keep its head above water, to go ahead when the "going was tough" and to emerge with a financially sound state game depart- ment and a healthy condition in Montana's game life.
We were forced to face immediate problems, as other
western states were facing them. Although handicapped by
a decrease in license sales during the last two years, the department went on,
still keeping on a cash basis, and built up defenses for general drouth attacks
upon our fish, game and birds.
Streams were stocked with game fish under the supervision of Kenneth MacDonald, fisheries superintendent, and birds were planted in all the counties by Joe Hendricks, supervisor of the state game farm. Montana, despite the depression, despite even the conspiracy of the elements, went ahead instead of "keeping even' 'or going backwards. In many of our projects we were aided substantially by the civil works administration and the ftnleral emergency relief administration, and to these federal organizations we are very grateful.
The state fish and game department is a self-sufficient organization and does not receive one cent of tax money. It is supported solely and entirely by the sportsmen of the state, through the sale of licenses, the sale of confiscated guns and fi.shing equipment, and by fines imposed for game law violations in Montana. True, Montana has shown a decline in receipts during the past biennium, but we have kept on a sound financial basis — better even than many of our sister states.
The commission maintains fourteen fish hatcheries in the state of Montana, a state game farm at Warm Springs that has distributed more than 20,000 birds during the last two years, as well as the wardens and personnel of the depart- ment. Although revenues have fallen off during the depression and the dry years, the state department of fish and game has gone ahead, curtailed econom- ically, but still maintained high standards of efficiency as seen in the reports of this biennial.
Due to the creation and maintenance of game preserves and the destruction of predatory animals by fe<lerul and state trappers, big game in Montana is on the increase. Although the 1S>34 season was one of the poorest from the standpoint of hunting conditions, reiM)rts received by the department show a substantial deer kill and the elk kill, although smaller than formerly, stands out as exceptional considering the mild weather and lack of snow.
MONTANA STATE FISH AND GAME COMMISSION
During the season of 1033 the department paid bounty on 91 mountain lions. The fish and game commission pays a bounty of $25 for each lion liilled within the state. These animals are great enemies of wild life as well as domestic stock, and the commission feels that the payment of the bounty is small, indeed, to the return to the sportsmen of the state.
It is hard to speali definitely of pi-ogress — although the commission has been assured that progress has been made, considering the critical period that the department has passed through with colors flying and increasing support from the sportsmen of the state. The commission has carried on its work — and this is outstanding — it has stayed within its income. There have been curtail- ments in all departments, but the loyal support and cooperation of all sportsmen in Montana has been most gratifying.
Montana is rapidly coming to the forefront as a sportsmen's paradise, not only for those in Montana but for those in other states — east, west, north and south. License returns for this year show a great number of outsiders coming to Montana in quest of big game — the chance to hunt through this mai-velous oountrj' — its natural parks as great as its national ones. Credit must be given to the highway commission for its program of better roads, to the forestery service, and to other agencies bringing about a "Montana Game Revival".
A perusal of the reports of the biennial show progress. This, coupled with the knowledge that Montana sportsmen are behind the Montana fish and game commission and are ready to cooperate to the fullest degree, leads me to say that the future of the Montana fish and game department looks brighter.
STOPPING ON THE WAY SOUTH
tiSf^^
With government aid, it is hoped that many of the sloughs and lakes in Montana
may once again be the nesting grounds for migratory birds and the
real days of the "flight" will live again.
10 MONTANA STATE FISH AND GAME COMMISSION
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MIGRATORY BIRD PROBLEMS
By KENNETH F. ROAHEN
U. S. GAME MANAGEMENT AGENT Montana. Wyoming, Idaho District
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Duck and goose shooting conditions in Montana for the 1934 season have been anything but pleasing to the sportsmen.
During September and the early part of October, a numl)er of the principal duck centers, such as Hebgen lake, Madison lake, and Red Rock lakes, carried an apparent concentration far beyond the usual number of birds, this condition evidently being caused by the shortage of water areas in the Dakotas and other adjoining territories.
Shortly after the shooting season opened, the liirds, except for short inten'als, apparently left the district and the general average for tlic .season was a lower percentage tliaii hist year, that is, covering the entire state.
Apparently the Flathead district was the favored location this year, as perhaps more ducks and gee.se were seen in that section than in any other part of the state.
Bowdoin lake, which is usually the hunters' paradise, this year offered very ix)or shooting in comparison with former years.
Warm weather conditions, which prevailed throughout October and the early part of November, preventel hunters from obtaining much shooting, but on the other liand these conditions greatly favored the birds.
(»wing to the .scarcity of ducks and ixior shooting conditions, a ntuuber of tlu' large duck clubs did not open their clubhouses during the .sejison.
It is estimated that 85 per cent of the ducks and gee.se that migrate along the Ignited States flyways are raised on Canadian and Alaskan breeding grounds, and the outlook is dark now because these breeding grounds have mil Itecn occupied this season to anywhere near th(>ir capacity. Estimates made l)y observers ranged from 7(t per cent normal in sonu> areas to as low as \0 per cent in others.
In our country it is estimated that more than 17.000,000 acres of land, once marsh or lake, have now been drained in the north central states alone, largely to the detriment of both game and man. and the effects of this unwi.se drainage have been felt in Montana as elsewhere.
Several pruijo.^'d bird refugees for Montana hav(> now been examined for food values and water supply, and it is hoped that some of lhe.se projects will reach an early completion.
In llie imsl few years, it has been claimed Iiy siK)rtsnieii that the oiH'U .shooting season under the federal reiiulat inns did not prescribe the |ii-o]mt (l:ite-< for sho()ting. This year, a new sy.steni Wiis adopted. Although the actual nundier of shooting days was reduced from (iO to :!0. the .state game comnii.ssion of each state was given tlie riglit to specify just how the sea.son should be divided to suit best the needs of their local districts.
It was their privilege to say wluMher the .M-Jison .><honl(l be .'{0 consecutive days, or six weeks of five days, or 10 weeks of three days, or 15 windis of two days each week. The Montana game commission selected 10 weeks of three days each. This exiK-rinient was tried in order to a.scertain whether rest days would be of value to the bird.s, and at the .same time to give the sportsmen as lilM-ral shooting as possible.
MONTANA STATE FISH AND GAME COMMISSION
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THE SUN RIVER ELK HERD
By BRUCE NEAL DEPUTY STATE GAME WARDEN
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The state game department has done remarkable work in controlling the migration of elk in the mnch-talked-about Sun River country, particularly in the last biennium when camps were established to drive the herds into proper range and to protect the farm lands in the valley.
As an initial move the department closed to hunting all the drainage of the North Fork of Sun river lying in Teton county. These regulations allowed a great number of elk to cross over into that area and to winter there. The area was an old winter range for elk and it was not until 1925 that the elk drifted from it.
The building of the big storage dam in the canyon resulted in the hunters forming a "firing line" on the North Fork along the Teton side and forced the elk to change their migration to other ranges. In December, 1933, but further south, a man was employed to herd the elk back from the ranches. As there was no feed left on the forest ranges, the elk started to come out in late December, many locating in the foothills.
Cow Elk Dies Trapped in Barbed Wire
A short distance away the baby calf was found waiting. Hidden strands of wire in
the undergrowth surrounding the forest on Ford Creek proved fatal to this
cow elk. The dead elk was found one mile below Carl Fender's dude ranch.
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MONTANA STATE FISH AND GAME COMMISSION
As winter ranges were in poor condition, chiefly tlirough over-grazing of domestic stock, elk wore forced on ]irivatc property. We received a drift from tlie Dearborn country and from those ranges south of Ford creek to Lewis and Clark pass that had been "grazed off.
In January, 1934, we established a camp of four men and moved the elk north — mostly across Sun river. We were able to move these elk and handle them without much difficulty. By moving cattle and sheep farther back in the national forest, adequate winter range would be provided and oik would not be forced outside on private land.
From what we have seen of the range during the fall and early winter of 1934, there is .sufficient feed on the North Fork of Sun river and also on the West Fork. The manner in which the elk are drifting indicates that there will not be much of a migration outside, except from the Dearlx)rn countiT- We believe that we can drift those north by continuing our control work — an admitted success.
In 1932, 562 elk were killed in the Sun River drainage and enough were taken out of the Teton to make a total kill of 700 head. The kill for 19.33 in the Sun river drainage was 138 head and 27 were taken out of the Teton, making the aggregate kill for the year about 165 head. Because of mild weather, the elk did not come down until after the season was over. The kill in 1934 in the Sun river drainage amounted to 160 head and about 20 were taken from the Teton. A very mild winter and a lack of snow kept the kill light. A large number of tho.se killed were shot south of Ford creek and Smith creek, many being forced outside by range conditions in the Dearborn counti-j'-
The elk count made by our party in 19.33 was 2,.$98. This was made in March of that year. We took a heavy loss after the count as the elk were
poor and weak, dying heavily after green grass came. My count in April. 19.34, was 1.9S1. Wo have had a good calf crop this year but I do not be- lieve there are more than 2.."i00 head in I lie entire territory.
This cow elk in the Sun River country
believes in a morning bath along
with a drink.
Note: Bruce \eal has lived in the Sun river country for 27 years and is con.sidered the best informed of any man in ^Montana on the elk .situation in lh;it territory. His chiefs .say: "He's been over the whole country barefooted". During the patrol in early lii.'M. he kept a <laily diary of his \vorl<. The item below tells only a small jiart of the Sun river story:
".laiuiary 27, 1931 — Up before day- liglil. Tom look nie n]^ behind Heinle Brookliaits. 1 cliinlx'd on top of Mo- Tarty hill. -Nixon rod«' on the lower rim. Frank half a mile lower down and Tom on the outer edge. We started the big drive.
MONTANA STATE FISH AND GAME COMMISSION 13
"I followed Lime ridge over the top, picking up small buuches. We cow- bellied them, the boys below making considerable racket. We moved the entire buch north. On lea\ang the head of Lime I'eef we could see the had of the hej'd coming through the pass far below on Out Rock basin.
"Looking down from the head of Lime gulch I could see long files of elk trailing out through the pass into the green timber headed for Beaver creek. This was part of the herd I spilled on McCarty hill at daybreak. I had close to 100 head in front of me on Lime reef. These broke down on the end and through the narrow pass into Cut Rock basin before the bunch the other boys were bringing through under the foothills.
"I ran all the way from the top of the mountain down to the pass, climbed high up on the north side of the pass and just made it in time to head the lead back towards the gulch. It was wonderful sight to see those elk, about 400 head I would judge, strung out in long files, each bunch with its leaders. The whole basin was covered with them. We gave them plenty of time to settle aown, then edged in slowly. They scattered some but the main bunch broke down through Holme's gulch * * * »
"THOSE ANTELOPE"
By W. P. SULLLIVAN
CHAIRMAN, STATE FISH AND GAME COMMISSION
Reports from reliable sources indicate some increase in the number of antelope in isolated bands throughout the state. The herd on the Sullivan game preserve near Square Butte has increased normally in the last two years.
Excessive heat, drought, grasshoppers and a consequent low stage of stock water, forced the removal of all domestic stock from the preserve in mid-July. About the first of August the antelope herd began to break up into small bands and migrate. They scattered over southern Choteau, northern Fergus and Judith Basin counties.
It was with deep apprehension concerning the future of these antelope that we discovered only a few remaining on the preserve on September 10. We had a five-day rainstorm, accompanied by snow, in late September, followed by a r)eriod of warm, spring-like weather. On October 6, I made an all-day ride through tne presei*\'e and was delighted at the view from every hill crest. The antelope had returned home ! Grasshoppers had disappeared, water was revived in springs and reservoirs and new grass had turned hills and valleys green. I spent the entire day in the hills and counted 812 antelope within the enclosure.
On November 15, I made a careful survey of the winter feed situation on the preserve. There are about four sections of good winter feed in the rough interior of the preserve that escaped destruction by hoppers. Should we have another mild winter, this feed will be ample, with four-fifths of the preserve reduced to the status of a desert. I feel that hay will have to be provided if a considerable loss is to be avoided.
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MONTANA STATE FISH AND GAME COMMISSION
Some of the best wheat producing lands in Montana are adjacent to this preserve on the north and east. An ordinary four or five barbed wire stock fence will not confine antelope in a field or pastui-e. They find a slight depression under the wire and establish a run-way there, always going under a wire fence when not forced or frightened. They graze out over the wheat fields in bands of from 10 to 200.
I desire to say a word of praise and commendation of my good neighbors for their patience and sportsmanship. They have shared without complaint part of the cost of the maintenance of these antelope and I deeply appreciate their attitude.
Last May I stopped at a farm bordering the preserve. About a quarter of a mile distant were about 150 antelope grazing on a nice, green wheat field. My neighbor .said: "Beautiful sight". 1 replied: '•Yes, Jim; but I don't believe they are doing much damage to the wheat, are they?"
"No, not much," he said; "but I'll be d ed if 1 believe they are doing it
much good, either."
GAME LAW VIOLATIONS
By T. O. PEASLEY
ASSISTANT STATE GAME WARDEN
Despite the fact that the last two years have been serious ones from the standpoint of law enforcement, considering the financial condition of many of tlie people of the state, the department has been able, through rigid patrol by its: deputies, to keep game law violations at a minimum, and to show a marked reduction over former years.
The peak of Inw violation was reached in lOHO when 514 arrests were made. There has been a decrease from that year, and the last biennium showed that sportsmen in the state, or those in quest of wild game, are l>ecoming more
game-minded and are taking the laws of the state more seriously. In the fi.scal year ending June oO. VXVA, there were 468 arre.sts made in Montana and in the fiscal year ending June .">0, i;>;>4, only 'Ml violators were placed under arrest. With many people on relief rolls and others striving to better their larders by violating the game laws, the state deimrtment believes that it has kept violations down to a minimum.
Leading the list of violations were those arrested for hunting and fishing without licenses and those apprehended for killing wild game and birtls out of season. During 11)3^ there were 122 arrests for fishing without a license, 34 for liunting without a license. 47 for killing deer out of season, and ;;o for fishing in closed streams. Although violations were considt-rably lower in 1!K54, the sjime ratio held true to tlie particular forms of violations.
Of particular interest to tho.se who love fishing and love to al>i<l(' by the "rules of the game," is is interesting to note tliat during the entire biennium only eight were arrested for catching over the limit and .34 for catching more than five fish umlor .seven inches in length.
Sniff!
MONTANA STATE FISH AND GAME COMMISSION
la
With limited funds at its disposal, the game department has striven to cover 90,000,000 acres or 140,997 square miles within Montana's border. Hindered by a legal controversy, which at times tended to undermine the spirit of the department, it went ahead with its activities, and is proud of its efforts in protecting game life in the state from those who would destroy it.
With 50 game law violations, Deer Lodge county heads the list for arrests in 1933, and still retained its place in 1934 with 39 arrests. During the biennium Carter, Daniels, Garfield, Liberty, McCone, Powder River, Teton, Treasure and Wibaux counties emerged with a clean slate.
The following shows the record of arrests for violations of the fish and game laws during the last 22 years :
1913 1914 1915 1916 1917 1918 1919 1920 1921 1922 1923
49 123 237 156 171 219
60 116 278 336 403
1924 1925 1926 1927 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 1933 1934
328 482 366 345 407 341 514 455 458 468 347
WONDER ABOUT THE BUCK EAW?
\ *. \ -
/Ov <
Killing does in Gallatin County
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MONTANA STATE FISH AND GAME COMMISSION
GOOD HUNTING— GOOD REARING
By J. F. HENDRICKS
SUPERINTENDENT, STATE GAME FARM
&
WITH tlio help of the Civil Worlis Administration and the Federal Emergency Relief association, groat improvement and repair work has been done during the last biennium at the state game farm. In addition to improvements on the general grounds, several quail pens have been constructed so that in the near future this sporty bird will be reared and raised from the farm in greater numbers than in the past.
We liberated more than 20,000 birds during IIKW and 1934, and as a result. 'I
have had the best hunting this fall than ever in the State of Montana, accord- ing to the reports that I have received from siiortsmen over the state. From ammunition and sporting goods dealers corner the word that they have enjoyed the best business in many years. That means that the service stations, the garages, and other business houses have derived considerable benefit from the sportsmen during the open season this year. It was inevitable that busi- ness would lie aided — and it .speaks well for the state game farm.
Last summer we tried out the grasshopper and gopher poisoning on the pheasants. We gave it a very good test by placing one pair of pheasants in a small pen and spreading the poison on th(> ground. The birds would not eat it. We did not give them anything else for four days and still the birds refused to touch it. On the fourth day. we mixed some wheat with the poison. The birds carefully picked out the wheat and let the
poison remain untouched. We left the birds in the pen for four weeks and did not lose a bird. We feel certain the sportsmen will feel better towards the farmer for trying to save his crops by grasshopper and rodent poisoning. The farmer has no intention of harming the birds.
I wish to say a few words in connection with the "no hunting or trespassing" signs that are numerous in our hunting regions. In most of the investigations I have made, I have found that nine times out of ten the hunter has been the cause — and no other. The careless luniter will enter a place without regard to property, leaving the gates oik>ii. and snnit'timcs cutting tlie fence. Without taking time to .see what is moving — a calf, hog, or even cow — will shoot, hoping it is a cock Chinese pheasant.
MONTANA STATE FISH AND GAME COMMISSION
17
I tliiuk it is the dr.;y of tlie sportsman to drive up to the farmer's home and ask permission to fi<h or hunt. Usually he will gladly grant the permis- sion. After all, the farmer raises the liirds and he is entitled to some considera- tion. It is the duty of all sportsmen to preach this gospel — respect the property of others.
If we do not, we will soon find conditions in Montana the same as they are in the eastern states where hunters have to pay a certain fee for the right to hunt. I am certain we do not want that sort of a situation in Montana. In the state of Wisconsin hunters pay $3.00 for a pheasant. How many of us could afford such a sport? Remember the property owner and help him — he will help us and be our friend.
There have been numerous complaints concerning the bag limit of three cock Chinese pheasants and no hens. The foes of the present system tell of shooting hens by mistake. Any person who shoots a hen for a cock is a 'mistake".
I do not think there is a chance for a mistake. The trouble is that some hunters are over-anxious and do not take time to look. All they think of is shooting when they hear the explosion of a covey, the whir of wings, and the
shooting when they hear the explosion of a covey, the whir of wings, and the sight of birds darting into the sky before them. There is as much difference as a woman and a man on the street.
If the game commission would change the bag limit to two cocks and one hen, every hunter in the fields would shoot at the first bird in the air, feeling that the law was being obeyed. The same situation would embrace the entire hunting season. On the second shot — who knows what will happen? There would be a flagrant abuse of the law. Hens would be slaughtered on the impulse of the first shot — or the second — or the third.
Let us save the hens for a few years, as they are the foundation of this wonder- ful sport. When the time comes that we have too many birds, I am certain the commission will grant you a longer season, and I will help in its advocation.
Always remember, you will have a good number of cocks and still have plenty for I)reeding purposes.
I know they can hide and protect them- selves when the hunting season is on — we have instructed them in taking care of themselves before leaving the farm.
The Hungarian pheasant, one of
Montana's sportiest game birds,
ready to "explode" on a second's
notice.
18
MONTANA STATE FISH AND GAME COMMISSION
A NEW PARADISE
By W. C. KEIL MEMBER, STATE FISH AND GAME COMMISSION
r
W. C. KEIL
'N 1935, the new Red TiOdge-Cooke City road to Yellow- stone National Park will be formally opened, and with its openinj; one of the most scenic regions in Montana will be made accessilile to the tourist, the fisherman, the liunter. Hundreds of sparkling streams and hidden lakes will be exposed — a new paradise for Montana sportsmen.
This road reaches an altitude of more than 10.000 feet where it crosses the Beartooth plateau. Many lakes can be counted while driving along this highway and the scenery has no comparison. Work of biiilding up this primitive area so that it will provide excellent fishing, even in the re- gions of the glacial lakes, has already been started by the state fish and game department. Fish were stocked in many of the lakes this year — the fingerlings being taken horse pack over the rugged mountains and to the lakes shimmering beneath high snow-ix>aked mountains.
With its great scenic value, its primitive and rugged characteristics, the flowing streams abounding with fish, and the magic lakes hidden in the moun- tains, this territory will mean much in increasing tourist travel to Montana — an industry for years undervaluated but of groat importance in placing the state in its proper place in the recreational map.
The area that the n(>w highway will open is southwest of Billings, in ilscll' a great fishing territory, ;in(l destined to liecome an idc.il vararion land. Close to the B<>artooths — through whicli the Bed Lodge-Cooke City highway travels — are the Absarokas and Sho.shones, a wilderness of towering peaks and A'irgin forests. In tins area, is Montana's new paradise — both from the viewpoint of scenic wonder and the possibilities for wild life. It is a region which those who have scaled the Alps declare is paid no complinieiit when called '"The Switzerland of America".
Within this area are 25 peaks over 112,IK)0 feet high, among them Granite peak, highe.st mountain in Montana, .'iltitude 12.f>no feet and scaled for the first time In 102.S, and Silver Hun. second highest ; hundreds of lakes, several of considerable size; innumerable streams and waterfalls, endless miles of foot and .saddle trails, and in.iiiy vantag*- points from which may be seen never-to-be- forgotten panoramas of peak and plain.
For the most part tliis mountain area is still a primitive wilderness, peopled only i)y the animals, birds and fish that have .seen few hunters or fishermen since the days of the Indian. Excellent fishing is in store for those who wish to cast a dancing fly over the surfaces of .some of its streams. In the streams and lakes is to be found rainbow. Loch Leven, eastern brook and native trout
MONTANA STATE FISH AND GAME COMMISSION
19
A visit to Yellowstone National Park, one of the pleasures which millions of people have had and almost everyone would like some time to enjoy, will this year offer additional thrills with the opening of the new highway. The highway lessens the distance to the park by approximately 50 miles, making it an easy four-hour drive from Billings. From Billings to Red Lodge it is a distance of 60 miles, over an oiled state road and through the "Gateway to the Beartooths".
From Montana waters
I-eaving Red Lodge it goes past the fur farms and zoo, by Rock Creek valley, about four miles being national forest highway. Then, as the govern- ment-built road, 60 miles long, starts its trip through the colorful mountains, a new region, unique in its primitive appeal, comes into A'iew. From 6,000 feet it rises to Beartooth plateau, 11,000 feet above the sea, then goes over the "top of the world," past lakes, across the end of Beartooth, largest lake in the region, on to Cooke City, center of a rich mineral area and to the park but four miles beyond.
THE FEDERAL "BAG"
What is coming out of the grab bag is always a mystery, but when the Biological Survey Agents grabbed the whole bag of three hunters, they found plenty cause for excitement. One look was enough, for the three men had 86 ducks in their possession, including 45 bluebills, 39 canvasbacks. and two red- heads. This took place in Maryland, which is the northernmost state of the south Atlantic district. When federal agents get you, they may leave your pants, but these three hunters not only lost their kill, but their guns, hunting coats, jackets, licenses, and duck stamps. Quite a grab, but it probably was not a blind one.
20
MONTANA STATE FISH AND GAME COMMISSION
®
MONTANA'S FISH FUTURE
By KENNETH F. MacDONALD
STATE SUPERINTENDENT OF FISHERIES
e-
•&
THE bicnnium covered by this report marks a most active period in fisheries work. The major activities were confined to improving the physical plants, rearing ponds at the hatcheries and the hatchery grounds. While the department revenue, available for this work, was in it.self inadequate, it was possible through the opportunity created by the Civil Works Administration to undertake a heavy program and we are appreciative of the whole-hearted coopera- tion of the Federal, State and County officials administering that program in Montana.
With the economic conditions of the country bringing to light the necessity of planning for the future, it is most gratifying to know that those interested in the planning programs are taking full cognizance of the important part fish- ing plays in the economic and recreational structure of the state. With such consideration given this valuable natural resource, the future looks most promising. In order to develop and maintain fishing on a satisfactory level, it will require a broadening of the scope of activities, generally considered as sufficient
THOUSANDS ARE SAVED
This new type of fish trucli is now being used by the state fisheries
division. With this apparatus for aeration, fish are taken many
miles for planting, without loss.
MONTANA STATE FISH AND GAME COMMISSION 21
to perpetuate fishing. Tliis scope has been broadened considerably during the past 10 years witli results showing the value and necessity of instituting a program of even greater range. Fish culture, as practiced, is not sufficient to maintain fishing on account of closely related factors, apart from fish cultural activities, such as water conservation, water uses, irrigation ditcli losses, pollution and stream improvement which must be given consideration in order to obtain best results. It should be borne in mind that there is danger of developing one or more of these factors at the expense of another of equal or greater importance.
Rather than endeavor to broaden the scope of activities to include the related factors at the expense of the hatchery operation, means should be made avail- able to finance this work independent of the amount necessary for hatcheiy operations. If not, there is grave danger of the available revenue being pro- rated to the extent that no phase will be properly developed. With the depart- ment rcA'enue returning to the 1928 and 1929 level, much of this work could be undertaken but it is not possible with present revenue. If more thought would be given to the importance of developing this natural resource, more revenue would be provided, by, not only sportsmen, but, by everyone interested in Mon- tana's welfare.
Egg Collections
Montana is in an enviable position in having such valuable spawning fields which .supply the game fish eggs for the hatcheries. Georgetown, second to none, showed a decrease in 1933 due to overfishing by anglers out of employ- ment at Butte, Anaconda and Philipsburg and to the extreme low water in the Flint creek drainage. It is a most difficult problem to exercise proper control over the fish population in Georgetown lake for the reason there are numerous spanning areas in the lake where large numbers of trout spawn under natui-al conditions. During normal years with Flint creek carrying its average flow a larger percentage of spawners, attracted by the current into the lake, migrate up-stream and are taken in the traps, while during years of extreme drought a larger percentage spawn on the beds in the lake.
Thus, it is not possible to use the total eggs collected in any one season as a guide for restocking, but consideration must be given to all factors having a bearing upon the reproduction. There is danger of over-stocking a lake such as Georgetown and, in fact, it has shown indications several times of being over- ix)pulated. This lake is one of the department's most valuable assets. The egg collection the spring of 1934 showed a decided improvement and with return of normal weather conditions it is exjiected the egg take will again approximate that of the banner years.
A matter of grave concern is the presence of the common suckers in George- town. These fish were never present until 1926 when literally thousands of their fry were found in the creek which connects Silver and Georgetown lakes. It was not possible to remove them, on account of their size, until 1933 when 48 tons weie removed by "plant nets" .set in the lake. The spring of 1934, 74 tons, by actual measurement, were removed and it is planned to continue this work in order to retain favorable conditions for trout.
To further secure the supply of native cutthroat eggs, plans were made to develop Ashley lake in the Kalispell district. To ascertain the number and qualitj of eggs available in 1932, traps were installed and 295,000 eggs collected.
22 MONTANA STATE FISH AND GAME COMMISSION
No attempt was made to collect eggs in 1933 but the spring of 1934 the station was again opened and 940,900 eggs taken, rormauent traps are being installed, the old hatchery and dwelling are being repaired and it is planned to oi^erate this station each spring and develop the field as rapidly as possible.
With the increased demand for loch leven in the Missouri and Yellowstone rivers, the need for a loch leven spawning station became apparent in 1930. Plans were laid for the development of a rainbow and loch leven spawning field at Hebgen lake and substantial plantings of fingerlings were made begin- ning in 1931. Traps were installed in Duck creek. South Fork of the Madison and in the main Madison river during the fall of 1933 and a total of 4,804.000 loch leven eggs collected. Using the same traps, in the spring of 1934 more than 5,000 000 rainbow eggs were taken. Permanent traps are now being installed and buildings erected for living quarters for the personnel. This promises to be one of our major stations.
In order to obtain information incidental to the operation of the Hebgen lake stations, two hundred loch leven and rainbow trout were tagged, when taken in the trap, on the left gill cover and it would be appreciated if anglers taking any of these tagged fish would report to the fish and game office in Helena, a deputy game warden or park ranger as to where the fish was taken, number of tag, date taken, length and condition of fish.
The rainbow station at Lake Francis is showing a steady improvement with fishinij' reported the best in history this year. Lake Ronan shows the exp«>ctod decline — the penalty for indiscriminate iilanting of exotic fish by misguided sportsmen.
Tte fall of 1933 temporary traps were installed at several points in the upper Big Hole river and eastern brook trout eggs collected. There are splendid opportunities there for a good collection, but due to lack of revenue it was not in optH-ation this fall. The traps are widely separated which requires a watch- man at each to prevent poaching.
In line with the improvements made at the hatcheries with a view of im- proving both quality and <iuaiitity of the output, rearing ponds have been con- structed at several of the slalions. Circular concrete ponds, of the tyi)e devised by L. E. Mayhall of the Washington State Game Commission, were constructed at Gmat Falls, Somers and Anacond.i. These i)onds are 40 feet in diameter, 30 inches deep with (he bottom samer-shaped, sloping to the center where tlu- water is discharged. The supply pipi' delivers the water at an angle creating a circular movement. Ponds of this type have proven very satisfactory from .several angles — (1) practically every section of the ptmd presents the sjime conditions, that is the velocity and depth of the water is uniform, a distinct advantage over the rectangular pond where the sturdier fish occupy the upper section of the pond forcing the weaker fish to llii' lower and less desirable sections — (2) tlie circular pond is practically self cleaning with the waste and debris gradually working toward the center and outlet of the pond. The carrying capacity is more than doubled and it is intended to construct more of this tyi)e as revenue is available.
Another pond proving very sjitisfaetory is a .semi-natural pond, first tried out at the Hig TimlK-r hatcliery. In this type, it is endeavored to develop con- ditions as nearly natural as possil>le with artificial construction intended to add to the carrying capacity. A i)ond Tr> fcH't wide and 150 feet long has proven lh(> most satisfactory. A floor lU feet wide is laid lengthwise through the center
MONTANA STATE FISH AND GAME COMMISSION
23
of the pond with three side floors, equidistant, of the same width running from the center floor to the outer edges of the pond. The portions of the pond, not floored, produces a dense growth of aquatic vegetation, absolutely essential to the successful operation of a pond of this type.
The water generally used in this pond is deficient in oxygen, being used in the hatchery and smaller fry ponds before reaching the large pond, it also carries a certain amount of waste material which must be taken care of. These two con- ditions are remedied through the presence of aquatic vegetation which absorbs the carbon dioxide thrown off by decay of waste material and respiration of fish, and in turn throws off oxygen which is essential to fish and all aquatic animal life. Thus gases thrown off as a waste product by the plants are essential for the well being of the fish and the waste product thrown off by the respiration of the fish and other animals are taken up by the growing plants, plants.
Fish reared in this type pond are far superior to the fish reared in ponds constituting entire artificial conditions, for the reason there is more natural fo'^d, natural conditions with more room provided for the range of the fish. Ponds of this type have been constructed at Big Timber, Lewistown, Emigrant, Anaconda, Hamilton and Libby.
A shortage of fish food is facing us at this time on account of the slaughter of the surplus cattle which became necessary on account of the extreme droup^ht. Plans are under way to secure pasture land upon which range horses will be raised for fish food.
WHERE THE LOCH LEVEN RUN
Approximately 5.000,000 Loch Leven, and 5,000,000 Rainbow eggs are stripped from these traps each year. They are on the Madison River at
Hebgen Lake.
24 MONTANA STATE FISH AND GAME COMMISSION
Fish PLinting
A very definite progress has been made the past two years in fish planting with considerable yet to be done. Experiments have shown that planting fish properly is equally as important as rearing fish. Efforts are being made to plant the different species when the natural food in the streams and lake is at its peak. For years the native cutthroats have been planted in the fall after every effort had been made to rear them to a suitable size before liberation. Discouraging results attended this method and it was demonstrated that, especially with the natives which are planted in the higher elevations, it was not the size of the fingerlings when planted, but the time of the year which was the big factor in their development. Now, all natives not being held over the wint/^r months are liberated as soon as possible after "swimming up" and it will result in a decided improvement.
This is not intended an an argument against raising larger fish as all recog- nize the value of that in certain cases, but the cutthroats require planting when the natural food supply is abundant in the upper reaches of the streams. This may be borne out by the fact that in all waters where natives are found to be thriving — the new stock is introduced in the form of fry early in the season — Georgetown lake, Ashley lake. Swan river, Flathead lake and others.
Recently a new type tank unit for use in distributing fish was assembled at Apaconda. This consists of a tank 42 inches by 48 inches and 26 inches deep with 0 water pump, powered by a separate gasoline engine, which takes water from the bottom of the tank and returns it through several jets at the top, thus providing sufficient aeration to cari-y fish any distance. This will result in a reduced cost of distribution as it is possible to cari-y the equivalent of 60 10-galJ')n cans, formerly used, and with a light pick-up truck instead of the heavier trucks now in use at most hatcheries. This is a big improvement over the oxygen system of aeration and it is exiiected to outfit each hatchery with one of these units as the revenue will permit.
Stream Improvement
Much has been written and told of the value of stream improvement. There is no question that there is certain merit to this work. It is a very broad field of activity and one which will require careful study before undertaking on a large scale. In ordW to obtain some accurate information as to tlie value of this ^^'ork, the U. S, Forest Service undertook an extt-nsive program in the Sand Ba.sin on the fWest Fork of Kock creek near Philipsburg during 1!).'J4. He?"e were installed log dams, deflectors and covers which are designed to improve the conditions in the stream throught providing cover for the fi.sh, deflecting waters to create pools, removing silt and debris from gravel bars to improve conditions for n.itur.il propagation, and to impound waters to create and maintain more desirable water temperatures. A careful check was made of the number of fish, the abundance and kinds of natural trout food present and otlier factors relating to the experiment. At the end (»f a four-year ix'ricxl another check will be made wliieh should establish the value of such work. Iiefore a stream improvement iirograni is undertaken it would be well to cla.ssify the strehms of the slate.
At present, fish are being planted in many streams where conditions for one reason or another, are decidedly unfavorable for their development. It should be (leternilned whether a p.irlicular stream is of nion- value tor agriculture, for
MONTANA STATE FISH AND GAME COMMISSION
25
industry, or for recreation. If agreed that its value for industry and for agri- culture outweighs the value for recreation, it should be set aside for that pur- pose end no fish planted in that particular stream. In classifying these streams there will be many border-line cases where, at the cost of installing fish screens, overco/ning pollution problems, etc., the stream could be made to sen'e all inter- ests. This is the class of streams which should receive first consideration in stream improvement work and the cost of the improvement work should not le borne entirely by the sportsmen, but by all interests using the stream.
Fish Screens
This time worn subject is about as far from being solved as it ever was. It is too large an undertaking for the fish and game commission to assume alone with the present revenue and is a most discouraging obstacle in keeping the strea^ns stocked. With the general public coming to appreciate the value of fishing to the state some beneficial action will be taken toward correcting this condition.
Flatbead Lake Salmon
Od-^ matter worthy of consideration in this report is that of the land-locked Sockeyo salmon in Flathead lake. For several years they have been showing a material increase, with the fall of 1934 seeing literally thousands of them spawn- ing along the east and west shores of the lake, many running up the Swan and Flathead rivers. Several years ago they were not held in high esteem by the anglers, in fact, many recommended they be taken from the lake, but as anglers have more opportunity to obseiTe these fish they are beginning to appreciate
NEW DUCK CREEK TRAPS
These up-to-date traps at Hebgen are among the best in the west.
26 MONTANA STATE FISH AND GAME COMMISSION
their value. Many of the Salmon were taken trolling during September and Oftobe" and provided much sport as well as food. Tjiter as they came to the spawning beds, permission was given to the Montana Relief Commission to seine these .^sh for canning and distribution to the needy. A total of 21,000 cans were packed. This is a matter of importance to the sportsmen and the department and rome measures should be taken to pi-operly handle this new development.
Bjiss Rescue Work
This work has been continued the past two years with improvements made in the rescue, handling and distribution of these fi.sli. With indications that there was need of restocking some of the sloughs adjacent to where rescue work is done the majority of fish rescued were planted back in waters of Flathead county which have been classified for several years as bass waters. The Clear- water lakes were stocked again the past two years from this rescue work, but no new waters stocked with this species.
Public Works Administration
With the creation of the Public Works Administration and their giving attention to irrigation and water conservation, a letter was directed to Secre- tary Ickes asking that they give consideration to fish life and incorporate in the regulations the following:
?. Fish screens to be installed at outlet of all reservoirs.
2. That a minimum low water level be established which would provide enough depth to sustain fish life.
3. That where fish are found in feeder canals, sufficient flow be main- tained to sustain fish life.
4. That the u.se of water from natural lakes be restricted to the amount stored by construction of a dam above the lake level and to prohibit lowering the level of any natural lake.
The department was assured that the merits of this request were recognized and AA ould be given every consideration.
Heconmiendations
For the benefit <if game fishing in this vState it is recommended that —
1. Some thought be given the fish screen installation in irrigation ditches where it has Ihhmi proven coni-lusively losses of fish occur. This matter is of prime importance and with the re<^'overy program now under way the time seems opportune for some action. Installation of screens, besides overcoming one of our greatest obstacles wouhl provide much labor fur foundries, machinists, car- penter.s. concrete workers and laborers. It is thought that, provided this matter would be given favorable consideration in the legislature, screens could be installed with the irrigation company issuing bonds to be paid over a period of 20 years. The money is to Ite secured from the rublii- Works Administration for the construction work.
2. It is recommenik'd that some legislation he passed nuiking it unlawful for anyone to plant or transplant fisii of any species into any waters of Mon- tana. At the present time there is no law covering this and much damage lias iilrcft.ly been done l)y enthusiastic but mi.sguided sportsmen who are desirous of liuilding ui> a certain species, favorable to them.selves but which in many cases prove disastrous to more desirable species and results in complete ruination of excellent fishing waters. There are several outstanding eases where this may
MONTANA STATE FISH AND GAME COMMISSION 27
be observed -such as Lake Ronan and several lakes in the Kalispell-Libby section, which u?re formerly well stocked with trout and have been lost through intro- ductioii of exotic species such as sun fish, crappies or bass. There are certain waters where it is to the advantage of the sportsmen and the department to plant these exotic species but there must be some control over this work if an intelligent program is to be carried out.
3. It is recommended that legislation be passed which would vest in a board, preferably the Water Conservation Board, or the State Engineer, the power and authority to exercise control over the use of water in this state. It would seem that with the severe drought we have experienced, bringing to the atten- tion of all the importance and necessity of utilizing waters to the best possible advantage, the time is ripe to present such a program for consideration of the legislature. At present the hundreds of streams, dry miles before the point of confluence with larger streams bears mute evidence to our inability to administer certain of our most valuable resources. With water the life and blood of every community and state there certainly should be some supervision over its conservation and utilization.
Work of the fisheries division the past two years has been marked by splendid cooperation of different agencies interested in the fisheries program. To these agencies we extend our sincere thanks and appreciation. Promieuent among them may be mentioned the state and county C. W. A. and Montana Relief Commission officials who have shown every consideration for the de- velopment and improvement of fisheries work, the Montana Power Company for the cooperation in the operation of the Great Falls hatchery, the Anaconda Copper Mining Company who owns the land upon which is located our most valuable spawning stations at Georgetown lake, the U. S. Forest Service for its splendid work in construction of rearing ponds at the head of the Little Black- foot in Powell county and in the Benchmark territory in Lewis and Clark county. Of outstanding importance is the work undertaken by the forest service in the stream improvement work near Philipsburg. This work was done under the direction of Dr. Tarzwell of Michigan, credited with doing the pioneer work of this nature and whose services were obtained by the forestry depart- ment in order that the work be properly administered. W. M. Rush, Game ex- pert with the forestry department contributed a great deal through his work on fish diseases and the U. S. Bureau of Fisheries extended their usual coopera- tion in the work during the year especially at Miles City where the bureau and state department operate the Pond Cultural station on a cooperative basis. Too much cannot be said of the splendid work done at the Butte Anglers Rearing pond, under the leadership of William Carpenter and Charles Healea. Vast im- provements were made this year through the construction of a hatchery, con- struction of fry ponds and improvements to and remodeling the old ponds, This plant will contribute much to the Big Hole river and adjacent waters. The Great Falls Wild Life association and city of Great Falls are entitled great credit for the construction of a display pen for game birds. This pen was constructed at the Great Falls hatchery and adds much to the appearance of the grounds. The Great Falls park board contributed a gi-eat deal through the landscaping work at Giant Springs, under the direction of Thomas Lease. The Dude Ranchers association and various rod and gun clubs rendered very valuable assistance in the distribution work and other support during the past two years.
28 MONTANA STATE FISH AND GAME COMMISSION
Hatchery Report — Anaconda and Georgetown —
With the help uf the C. W. A. and F. E. K. A., a log building was con- structed at Flint creek to lie used as a bunk house for the crew during the spawning season, a log building 24 by 42 was constructed for use as garage, ice house and store room, lights were installed, a fence was constructed around the property and grounds improved.
Two concrete circular ponds were constructed at Anaconda — the large pond divided into three smaller ponds and one additional earth ix)ud constructed at the lower end of property. Major improvement was made to water supply through lowering the supply pipe at the spring, covering the cold water spring and remodeling the supply pipe intake from warm water spring. A concrete floor was laid in the garage and the grounds improved. This project netted, per- haps, the most to the department because of the character of work and the value of the improvements to the Georgetown and Anaconda stations.
Big Timber
The large pond started in 1032 was completed. A second pond identical to this was constructed, additions were built onto the hatchery providing room for an office and work shop. The grounds were landscaped — additional land purchased just west of the hatchery property — a concrete foundation con- structed for a combination garage and store room, .specimen pond rip-rapped and walks constructed around the same, a new road constructed from the east end of the property to the hatchery building — trees grubbed off the hillside, and shrubs and evergreens planted — repairs made to the living quarters. The valu- ation of this station was considerably increased through this work.
Daly Hatchei-y (Hamilton)
Two large rearing ponds and four fry ponds were constructed, improvements made to the water supply, living quarters enlarged and improved, au office and work shop built in the hatchery, a porch added to end of the building, new double door entrance installed and considerable painting done. The depart ment also purchased this hatchery from the Daly estate from whom it had been leased the past ten years. Additional improvements are planned here.
Emigrant
This is a comparatively new station, having been moved from its original site across the Yellowstone river. Two large ponds were completed, the water supply improved, the hatchery building enhirged through connecting it with the store room — an office built onto the west end of the hatchery and the building formerly used as coud)ination garage and living (piarters is being re- modeled for full living quarters. The grounds were lan(l.><capi'd, road to U. S. highway graded, fence constructed around property and concrete retaining walls and concrete steps adjacent tn rectangular concrete ponds were constructe<l. A heavy program of expansion is i)laniu'(l here as revenue is made available.
Great Falls
One concrete circular pond was constructed with grounds preiuired and drain pipes laid tor two more t)f similar size and construction. A stone fence liiiilt across front of property to prevent sand blowing on the lawn— game bird display ikmis were constructed by inti-rested ag««ncii's. grounds landscaped. There is urgent need for further impruvenient at this liatihery and it is planned to complete the two i-oncrete ponds next spring and undtriake tiie other work as money is made available.
MONTANA STATE FISH AND GAME COMMISSION 29
Levvistown
The major improvemont work here consisted of the construction of a two- car garage — and two large rearing ponds, these ponds of the semi-natural type are without question the best in the state, built of mason rock they are of substantial construction and designed to add to the efficiency and appearance of the pond. Considerable improvement work has been done on the grounds — excavation for dwelling which it is planned to move and remodel. As at the other hatcheries much remains to be done here as revenue is available. Much credit is due sportsmen and relief officials for the assistance furnished in the improvement work and pond construction.
Libby
This, too, is a comparatively new station with considerable improvement work having been done the past two years consisting of the construction of four large ponds (not yet complete), improvement to water supply system, con- struction of water tempering pond, landscaping the grounds. There is great need for a combination garage and food room and a dwelling for use of the assistant. Veiy satisfactory headway has been made at this station and it is planned to complete the work when possible.
Miles City
Through the C. W. A. and F. E. R. A. projects many major improvements were made at this station, which will materially improve the quality and quan- tity of the output of warm water fish. Space will not permit enumerating the improvements made but in the main they were confined to improving conditions in the brood ponds, building improvements, etc.
Ovando
No improvement work was undertaken at this station due to the possibility of moving it to a more desirable location. Surveys have been made incidental to this plan and as .soon as all facts are known a definite program will be outlined.
Philipsburg
No improvement work was undertaken at this hatchery on account of the hea^y program at Anaconda and Georgetown. The stream improvement work by the forest service is in the Philipsburg area and it is planned to construct rearing ponds at the headwater of Ross's fork next season to receive part of the cut- throat fry distributed from the Philipsburg hatchery.
Poison
Considerable improvement work is planned for this fall such as repairing the supply pipe line, painting and improving all buildings. This hatchery is operated only during the summer months, but contributes a great deal to the fishing in the Flathead waters.
Red Lodge
With the completion of the new Red Lodge tourist camp adjacent to the hatchery and the construction of the new Red Lodge-Cooke City highway which is located but 50 feet from the hatchery — it is planned to dismantle the old building and rebuild, with the assistance of an F. B. R. A. project, with log constraction to match those in the tourist park. This hatchery stands to be a
30 MONTANA STATE FISH AND GAME COMMISSION
valuable unit now with the highway opening, to the tourist and resident, the vast number of virgin waters to be found on the divide between Red Lodge and Cooke City.
Salish
Outside of work undertaken by the C. W. A. project at this station, nothing has been done. Considerable "foundation" work such as installing a reservoir and drain ditch and leveling the grounds was completed. This is the hatchery site located midway between Arlee and Ravalli where it is hoped the revenue will permit construction of a hatchery station to replace the old Missoula hatchei-y. abandoned on account of insufficient water.
Soiners
With department funds and C. W. A. projects this station has been put on a much better footing. The water supply, the controlling factor in the operation of this hatchery, has been much improved through installation of drain pipes to tap adjacent small springs, piping, what had before been open ditches. Two concrete circular rearing ponds have been consti-ucted and init in operation for the 1934 season. A large .sub.stantially built shed was constructed at the lower end of the property to be used to house fire wood, machinery, trucks and other equipment. A driveway was graded around the hatchery grounds with the grounds in general cleaned up and made more presentable.
Havre
The experimental feeding station which was put in operation on Beaver creek near Havre in 10.32 has proven satisfactory. AVith the assistance of a C. W. A. project and the Havre Rod and Gun club two log buildings were erected — one for use as a dwelling, and one for a garage and storeroom. Three additional ponds constructed, property fenced and grounds beautifully land- scaped.
Wolf (reek
The Mi.s.souri river between Cascade and lloltir Dam is being sto<*ked largely from the Wolf Creek feeding station which was constructed by funds furni.shed by the Lewis and Clark Rod and Gim club, and the Great Falls Wild Life association. C. B. Power of ITelena upon whose land the station was con- structed has extended every cooperation to this venture. The low water of the past two years has offered .some drawback to the operation of this station, but with the return of normal water flow it is expected that excellent results will be ol>tained.
ACQUIRE REFUGES
III an cft'oil to provide an adccpi.-ite system of refugees for waterfowl on l)otli till- nesting areas and tlie flyways, tlu- r. S. r.ureiiu of Biological Slirvey is pushing plans as rapidly as pos.sible to ;i((iiiirc a dozen or more such areas before the spring flight in March.
While the Survey is ai-<iuiring large tracts, its officials and the American Game Association urge lliat sp<irtsnieii iiiid oilur iiaiuic lovers actpiire small water areas and .set them aside as refuges. Naturalists iniint out that ducks will even frequent a horse lot pond where there is food for waterfowl.
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MONTANA STATE FISH AND GAME COMMISSION 33
GA3IE FISH EGGS COLLECTED AT STATE SPAWNING STATIONS AND ACQUIRED THROUGH COOPERATIVE AGREEMENTS
July 1, 1932 to Jime 30, 1933
Loch
Natives Rainbow Grayling Leven E. Brook Total
Georgetown Lake 13,819,120 308,440 3,423,440 _ 199,282 17,750,262
Lake Francis 700,896 700,896
Lake Ronan 983,226 983,226
Conley's Lake - 400.554 400,554
Rodgers Lake 8,038,928 8,038,928
Cooperative:
Bureau of Fisheries 2,273,640 2,273,640
Alvord & Kilbrennan 835,000 835,000
13,819,120 1,992,562 11,462,348 2,273,640 1,434,836 30,982,506
July 1, 1933 to June 30, 1934
Loch
Natives Rainbow^ Grayling Leven E. Brook Total
Georgetown Lake 17,398,920 1,337,760 167,139 18,903,819
Lake Francis 414,460 414,460
Lake Ronan 585,968 585,968
Conley's Lake 459,410 459,410
Rodgers Lake - 3,721,072 3,721,072
Big Hole 481,026 481,026
Bitterroot Lake 30,576 26,460 57,036
Ashley Lake 940,800 940,800
Hebgen Lake 5,346.684 _... 4,864,260 10,210,944
Cooperative:
Bureau of Fisheries 2,015,910 2,015,910
Alvord & Kilbrennan _ 673,992 673,992
18,370,296 6,373,572 5,058,832 6,880,170 1,781,567 38,464,437
34 MONTANA STATE FISH AND GAME COMMISSION
VIOLATIONS BY COUNTIES
July 1. 1932 to July 1, 1933 to June 30, 1933 June 30, 1934
Beaverhead 29 18
Big Horn 15 22
Blaine 3 1
Broadwater 1 1
Carbon 13 1
Carter
Cascade -. 7 4
Chouteau 4
Custer - 1
Daniels
Dawson 4 2
Deer Lodge ..._ 50 39
Fallon 3
Fergus 7 9
Flathead 30 9
Gallatin 22 15
Garfield
Glacier 2
Golden Valley 3 3
Granite 2 1
Hill 2 2
Jefferson 1
Judith Basin 4 3
Lake 36 30
Lewis and Clark 12 7
Liberty
Lincoln 38 5
Madison 22 17
McCone
Meagher 2 2
Mineral 18 6
Missoula 12 8
Musselshell 1 10
Park 11 6
Petroleum 2
Phillips 3 4
Pondera 4 1
Powder River
Powell 22 20
Prairie 1 1
Ravalli 11 6
Richland 21
Rosebud 1 2
Roosevelt 1
Sanders _ 30 10
Sheridan 1 10
Silvei' Bow 4 6
Stillwater 14 5
Sweet Grass 3 6
Teton
Toole 5
Treasure
Valley 2
Wheatland 1 4
Wibaux
Yellowstone 13 25
Total Law Violations 468 347
MONTANA STATE FISH AND GAME COMMISSION 35
FISH AND GAME LAW VIOLATIONS
July 1, 1932 to July 1, 1933 to June 30, 1933 June 30. 1934
Alien in possession of firearms without license 5 5
Appropriating wild goose eggs J ~"
Catching more than 5 fish under 7 inches in length 9 -s*
Destroying evidence of sex of deer l _^
Fishing without a license 1^^ '*
Fishing through the ice --■• ,^
Fishing in closed streams ^" ■'•°
Fishing during closed season 11 ?
Fishing with more than one pole, line and hook and set line 4 6
Hunting without a license - 34 -5
Hunting on Game Preserve - 20 4
Illegal possession of beaver hides ' °
Hunting waterfowl with motor boat ^
Killing bear without a license 2 1
Killing a moose 1 ^
Killing elk out of season 13 1^
Killing deer out of season 47 29
Killing grouse, prairie chicken, etc., out of season 19 13
Killing doe deer 2 4
Killing more than one deer or elk 4 ....
Killing antelope 2 2
Killing fawn 2
Killing Chinese pheasants out of season 8 12
Killing deer by use of spot light
Making false statement in application for license 8 6
Opening muskrat houses 1
Possession of seine without license 6
Salmon eggs fishing with same 8 4
Shipping furs from state without permit 2 2
Shooting ducks after sunset 10 18
Shooting ducks after season closes 14 9
Shooting from public highway 13 7
Shooting a swan 1 2
Shooting song birds 1 1
Trapping fur-bearing animals out of season 8 9
Trapping fur-bearing animals without a license 15 13
Trapping beaver without a permit ; 6 6
Trapping on game preserve without a license 2
Killing Chinese pheasant hens 5 7
Selling game animal, birds or fish 3 1
Guiding without a license 3
Failing to tag big game 17 1
Killing mountain goat out of season 2
Operating without fur dealer's license 1 5
Failure to keep record of fur sales '. 1
Catching over the limit of game fish 7 1
TOTAL LAW VIOLATIONS 468 347
36 MONTANA STATE FISH AND GAME COMMISSION
Distribution of Birds from State Game Farm — 1933
COUNTY Chinese Pheasants Hungarian Partridges Others
Beaverhead 183
Big Horn 200 9
Blaine 200
Broadwater 200
Carbon 200
Carter 100
Cascade 299
Chouteau 200
Custer 220
Daniels 200 •24
Dawson 200 **6
••*8
Deer Lodge •- 250 35
Fallon 150
Fergus 200
Flathead 200
Gallatin 200
Golden Valley 200
Granite 212
Hill 200
Jefferson 150
Judith Basin 200
Lake 200
Lewis and Clark 250
Liberty 100
Madison 250
Meagher 150 **»*2
Missoula 250
Musselshell 200
Park 200
Petroleum 200
Phillips 200
Pondera 250
Powder River 100
Powell 225
Prairie 200
Ravalli 214 •IS
Richland 200
Roosevelt 200
Rosebud 200 ^
Sanders 200
Sheridan 200
Silver Bow 225
Stillwater 192 8 'SO
Sweet Grass 192
Teton 200 •12
Toole 200
Treasure 200
Valley 200
Wheatland 200
Wibaux ^. 200
Yellowstone 200 •SO
Chinese Pheasants, 10,162. Hungarian Partridges, 52. California Quail. 114. Melinistlc Mutants, 2. Silver Pheasants, 6. Chukars, 8. ♦Quail. •♦Silvers. ♦ ♦ ♦Chukars ••••Melinistlc Mutants.
MONTANA STATE FISH AND GAME COMMISSION
37
Liberation of Pheasants for 1934
COUNTY
Beaverhead 200
Broadwater 200
Blaine 200
Cascade 300
Custer 200
Carter 100
Chouteau 200
Deer Lodge 275
Dawson 300
Daniels 150
Flathead 250
Fergus 300
Fallon 100
Gallatin 300
Golden Valley 200
Granite 200
Glacier 100
Hill 200
Jefferson 200
Judith Basin 200
Lake 200
Lewis and Clark 200
Liberty 150
Missoula 300
Madison 300
Musselshell 200
Mineral 200
Meagher 225
McCone 100
Powder River 100
Phillips 200
Powell 270
Petroleum 200
Park 300
Prairie 100
Pondera 200
Roosevelt 200
Richland 200
Ravalli 200
Silver Bow 200
Sheridan 200
Sanders 200
Sweet Grass 300
Teton 200
Toole 150
Valley 200
"Wibaux 200
Wheatland 300
9,970 Quail
Missoula 80
Flathead 28
Cascade 8
116
38
MONTANA STATE FISH AND GAME COMMISSION
LICENSE SALES BY COUNTIES FROM JULY 1, 1932 TO JUNE 30, 1933
Beaverhead
Big Horn
Blaine
Broadwater
Carbon
Carter
Cascade ......—...'.'..
Chouteau ......
Custer
Daniels
Dawson
Deer Lodge
Fallon
Fergus
Flathead
Gallatin
Garfield
Glacier
Golden Valley
Granite
Hill
Jefferson
Judith Basin
Lake
Lewis and Clark
I^iberty
Ivincoln
Madison
McCone
Meagher
Mineral
Missoula
Musselshell
Park
Petroleum
Phillips
Pondera
Powder River
Powell
Prairie
Kiiviilli
Tlichland
Itoo.sevelt
Rosebud
Sanders
Slieiidan
Silver Bow
Stillwater
Sweet Grass
Teton
Toole
Treasure
Valley
"Wheatland
Wibaux
Yellowstone
Idaho
Washington
60.980 26,675 'Includes one Alien Bird License.
|
QjDl W 3 3 3-art 1,467 646 280 474 1.830 9 5,700 478 157 111 551 |
^1: 577 62 38 380 210 2T166 177 '""20 842 1 549 3,345 1,319 "175 30 379 114 367 377 1,030 2,627 11 1,477 719 12 335 444 2,298 100 596 9 9 256 "677 1,189 "Ti 12 866 6 1,375 381 253 272 168 7 10 92 "'2'9'3 10 |
w 0 ?0 1 a> 11 6 1 "Ti 2 1 7 '3 14 20 5 3 5 4 6 26 "12 4 i 1 25 ""i'i '2 i 4 3 4 2 4 28 7 12 4 4 5 |
w m ►-.(I 0 « 3 3 94 20 ■ ■37 ■"27 6 100 501 ■"31 7 5 5 12 122 87 "io'i 207 '3 42 98 6 29 '3 ""'i'i ■■■■53 ■■■■■7'5 ""■"2"6 35 50 7 4 '2 2 70 615 111 |
W fD CO -■00 ;3 3 3 i 8 '2 4 i '2 i 5 1 i 1 |
w cfq" 3 rt |
m a 0 3 3 f-^ 1 1 |
3^ 3*3 3 |
|
11 |
|||||||
|
9 |
10 |
||||||
|
1.775 73 |
5 |
||||||
|
1 "il 2 |
|||||||
|
4,284 3,128 3 518 |
1 4 |
10 12 |
|||||
|
;; |
1 |
||||||
|
72 |
|||||||
|
444 |
|||||||
|
1,005 632 |
|||||||
|
.. |
|||||||
|
598 |
|||||||
|
2,151 4,593 104 |
|||||||
|
8 |
•16 |
||||||
|
1,528 1,454 |
5 |
||||||
|
33 |
|||||||
|
452 |
|||||||
|
613 |
|||||||
|
3,910 504 |
8 |
3 |
|||||
|
1,714 62 |
1 |
11 |
|||||
|
356 |
|||||||
|
719 |
|||||||
|
6 |
-- |
||||||
|
1,001 |
1 |
||||||
|
83 |
|||||||
|
1,924 |
|||||||
|
162 |
|||||||
|
426 |
... |
||||||
|
179 |
|||||||
|
1,191 403 |
6 |
3 |
|||||
|
4,673 |
20 |
||||||
|
805 |
|||||||
|
517 |
|||||||
|
753 696 |
1 |
||||||
|
49 |
|||||||
|
332 |
|||||||
|
27 4 45 |
|
||||||
|
3,502 19 |
5 |
3 |
|||||
2.640
27
49
109
MONTANA STATE FISH AND GAME COMMISSION
39
LICENSE SALES BY COUNTIES FROM JULY 1, 1933 TO JUNE 30, 1934
•-s o
Dj W 01 3 3
Beaverhead 1,090
Big Horn 928
Blaine 397
Broadwater 410
Carbon 1,354
Carter 13
Cascade 4,564
Chouteau 623
Custer 382
Daniels 244
Dawson 604
Deer Lodge 1,714
Fallon 68
Fergus 1,799
Flathead 3,992
Gallatin 2,998
Garfield 5
Glacier 473
Golden Valley 82
Granite 535
Hill 1,254
Jefferson 488
Judith Basin 479
Lake 2,291
Lew's and Clark 4,145
Liberty 77
Lincoln 1,439
Madison 1,349
McCone 30
Meagher 426
Mineral 601
Missoula 3,491
Musselshell 572
Park 1,475
Petroleum 56
Phillips 280
Pondera 667
Pov'der River 7
Powell 1.111
Prairie 75
Ravalli 1,964
Richland 490
Roosevelt 481
Rosebud 237
Sanders 1.713
Sheridan 567
Silver Bow 4,235
Stillwater 942
Sweet Grass 771
Teton 494
Toole - 559
Treasure 88
Valley 392
Wheatland 566
Wibaux 124
Yellowstone 3,690
Idaho 7
Washington
o2.
3rt) 3
618 143 37 284 399
160
28
20
200
793
7
966
2.469
1,377
1
113
47
300
124
363
416
649
2,131
3
953
632
302
348
1,822
135
916
20
14
194
's'g'g
13
1,174
346
180
4
602
159
1,892
312
273
257
99
6
16
347
67
470
♦Includes 2 Alien Bird
59,908 25,457 Licenses.
o to
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Si
3
ai
2 3
18
1 15
85
td
a w
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89 10
41 "35 ■■"3
12
14
86
392
"28
3
7 10
4 79 89
""67 189
8
33
82
2
36
4 "20 "42
"55
■44
38
39
6
3
2
12
45
677
97
2,403
a w
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19 5
CO S 3-3
9 10
*14
3 14
54
48
87
40
MONTANA STATE FISH AND GAME COMMISSION
Receipts for the Year of July 1, 1932 to June 30, 1933
HUNTING AND FISHING IiICENSES
Resident Bird and Fish 60,980 @ $ 2.00
Resident Big Game 26,675 1.00
Resdient Sportsman 271 5.00
Non-Resident Fishing 2,640 3.50
Non-Resident Bird 27 10.00
Non-Resident Big Game 49 30.00
Alien Fish 108 10.00
Alien Bird 1 30.00
TOTAL
Less fees allowed dealers
i.ici:nses other than above
Trappers' Licenses
Trappers' — Land Owners
Guides' Licenses
Taxidermists' Licenses
Seining
Resident Fur Dealers
Resident Fur Dealers' Agent
Non-Resident Fur Dealers
Fur and Game Farm
PERMITS AND TAGS
Shipping permits 2,046 .50
Beaver Permits .282 10.00
Beaver Tags 3,035 .50
MISCEIiIiANEOtTS REVENUE
$121,960.00
26,675.00
1,355.00
9,240.00
270.00
1.470.00
1,080.00
30.00
$162,080.00 $ 8,884.00
|
$153,196.00 |
|||
|
324 |
$10.00 |
$ 3,240.00 |
|
|
2 |
1.00 |
2.00 |
|
|
51 |
10.00 |
510.00 |
|
|
6 |
15.00 |
90.00 |
|
|
6 |
5.00 |
30.00 |
|
|
81 |
1.00 |
81.00 |
|
|
4 |
10.00 |
40.00 |
|
|
4 |
25.00 |
100.00 |
|
|
61 |
5.00 |
305.00 |
1,023.00 2,820.00 1,517.50
$ 4.398.00
$ 5,360.50
Fines
Cancelled Warrant
Confiscated Guns. Rods, etc
Confiscated Fish and Meats
Game Farm — Sale of Brood Hens
Kale — Elk Studey
Fisli Royalties
Sale of Shed^ — Missoula Hatchery
Sale of Fish Eggs
Refunds
3.534.49
5.84
623.80
422.26
416.53
94.20
41.00
25.00
4.488.75
63.37
$ 9,715.24 $172,669.74
MONTANA STATE FISH AND GAME COMMISSION
41
Receipts for the Year of July 1, 1933 to June 30, 1934
HUNTING AND FISHING I.ICI:NSI:S
Resident Bird and Fish 59,908
Resident Big Game 25,457
Resident Sportsmen 85
Non-Resident Fishing- 2,403
Non-Resident Bird 54
Non-Resident Big Game 48
Alien Bird 2
Alien Fish 85
Less License Dealers' Fees
UCENSES OTHER THAN ABOVE
Trappers' Licenses
Trappers' — Land Owners
Guides' Licenses — -
Taxidermists
Seining
Resident Fur Dealers
Resident Fur Dealers Agents
Non-Resident Fur Dealers
PERMITS AND TAGS
Shipping Permits 1,824
Beaver Permits 408
Beaver Tags 5,888
Alien Gun Permit 1
MISCEIaliANEOUS REVENUE
Fines
Confiscated — Sale of Guns, Rods, etc..
Confiscated — Meats and Fish
Game Farm — Sale of Brood Hens
Sale — Elk Study
Fish Royalties
Sale — Fish Eggs
Confiscated — Sale of Furs
Sale — Furs, State Trappers
Refunds
i 2.00
1.00
5.00
3.50
10.00
30.00
30.00
10.00
$119,816.00
25,457.00
425.00
8,410.50
540.00
1,440.00
60.00
850.00
|
$156,998.50 |
||||
|
8,540.90 |
||||
|
$148,457.60 |
||||
|
477 |
$10.00 |
$ |
4,770.00 |
|
|
395 |
1.00 |
395.00 |
||
|
42 |
10.00 |
420.00 |
||
|
8 |
15.00 |
120.00 |
||
|
3 |
3.00 |
15.00 |
||
|
136 |
1.00 |
136.00 |
||
|
14 |
10.00 |
140.00 |
||
|
9 |
25.00 |
225.00 |
$ 6,221.00
|
.50 |
$ |
912.00 |
||
|
10.00 |
4,080.00 |
|||
|
.50 |
2,944.00 |
|||
|
25.00 |
25.00 |
|||
|
$ |
7,961.00 |
|||
|
$ |
4,150.20 321.75 258.39 477.62 1.95 103.00 4,977.51 979.30 558.50 192.59 |
|||
|
$ |
12.020.81 |
|||
|
$174,660.41 |
42 MONTANA STATE FISH AND GAME COMMISSION
Operation of Fish and Game Fund
JiUy 1, 1932 to June 30, 1933:
To balance in fund. July 1, 1932 $ 14,715.04
Plus transfer from bounty fund 444.50
To receipts, July 1, 1932 to June 30, 1933.. 172,669.74
$187,829.28 By disbursements, same period 171,530.60
$ 16,298.68 Less transfer to bounty fund 7,500.00
Balance in fund, June 30, 1933 $ 8,798.68
July 1, 1933 to June 30, 1934:
To balance in fund, July 1, 1933 $ 8,798.68
To receipts July 1, 1933 to June 30, 1934.... 174,660.41
$183,459.09 By disbursements same period 163,005.94
$ 20,453.15 Less transfer to bounty fund $ 7,500.00
Balance in fund, June 30, 1934 $ 12,953.15
MONTANA STATE FISH AND GAME COMMISSION 43
Disbursements — Analyzed as to Source
General Administration
Ov^^^^ion j^jy ^ ^332 j^jy ^ J933
June 30, 1933 June 30, 1934
Salary of Game Warden
Salary of Chief Deputy
Salary of Office Employees
Salary of Superintendent of Fisheries
Salary of Others
Postage
Stationery, Books and Blanks
Sundry Office Supplies and Expenses
Telephone and Telegraph
Freight, Express and Drayage
Rents
Auto Travel Expense
Other Travel Expense
Printing Licenses, etc
Official Bonds
Legal Advertising
Industrial Accident Insurance
Legal Costs
Insurance on Autos
General Expenses
Refunds of Licenses
Refund of Advances
Total Operation
Capital
Land and Land Improvements $ ■'^o^'Ia
Buildings and Attached Fixtures - 32.40
Machinery and Appliances $ 500.00 1,590.00
Furniture and Fixtures 71.20
Scientific Apparatus 7.50
|
$ 3,100.00 |
$ 2,408.33 |
|
2,452.50 |
1,976.77 |
|
6,068.99 |
6,075.00 |
|
3,020.00 |
3,000.00 |
|
54.00 |
12.40 |
|
1,658.92 |
1,552.39 |
|
1,646.73 |
674.97 |
|
270.64 |
355.96 |
|
708.35 |
784.42 |
|
315.42 |
335.18 |
|
600.00 |
450.00 |
|
1,563.74 |
1,270.06 |
|
987.85 |
1,363.23 |
|
1,559.14 |
1,048.88 |
|
175.00 |
228.14 |
|
628.87 |
468.50 |
|
455.44 |
|
|
668.26 |
|
|
111.90 |
|
|
1,284.92 |
316.34 |
|
63.00 |
9.55 |
|
80.00 |
103.00 |
|
$ 26,349.97 |
$ 23,556.82 |
Total Capital $ 507.50 $ 1,849.35
Repairs and Replacements
Buildings and Attached Fixtures $ 13.90 $ 40.20
Machinery and Appliances 1,268.62 20.22
Repairs to Autos 230.77
Furniture and Fixtures 7.74
Total Repairs and Replacements $ 1,290.26 $ 291.19
TOTAL ADMINISTRATION .$ 28,147.73 $ 25,697.36
COMMISSIONERS EXPENSES
Per Diem of Commissioners $ 1,150.00 .$ 830.00
Office Supplies and Expenses 22.30
Travel 1,345.72 850.54
Official Bonds and Filing Fees 10.00 10.00
Total Commissioners Expenses $ 2,528.02 $ 1,690.54
Deputies and Special Deputies
Salaries of Regular Deputies $ 28,438.35' $ 27,155.50
Salaries of Special Deputies 8,508.25 12,631.03
Telephone and Telegraph 530.27 528.56
Travel 3.238.78 3,131.53
Official Bonds 160.00 210.00
Auto Expenses 13,973.55 15,012.82
Other Expenses 69.57 560.89
Total Deputies and Special Deputies Expenses $ 54,918.77 $ 59,230.33
44 MONTANA STATE FISH AND GAME COMMISSION
Disbursements — (Continued)
July 1, 1932 July 1,1933
Miscellaneous Activities June 30, 1933 June 30, 1934
Salaries of Hunters and Trappers $ 276.71 $ 2,415.61
Installing Fish Wheels 79.45
Bird and Deer Food 997.58 129.28
Bounties 1,825.00 425.00
Poison 77.44 83.95
Miscellaneous 803.36 8.7 1
Total Miscellaneous Activities $ 4,059.54 $ 3,062.55
GAM£ FARM AT WARM SPRINGS
Operation
Salaries and Wages $
Sundry Office Supplies
Telephone and Telegraph
Freight, Express and Drayage
Travel Expenses
Auto Expense
Heta, Light and Water
Bird Food
Hardware and Lumber
Insurance ,
Distribution of Birds
Other Expenses
Total Operation
Capital
Land and Land Improvements $
Buildings and Attached Fixtures
Machinery and Appliances
Breeding Stock
Furniture and Fixtures
Total Capital
Repairs and Replacements
Buildings and Attached Fixtures $
Breeding Stock
Machinery, Appliances and Autos
Total Repairs and Replacements
TOTAL GAME FARM
|
$ |
5,475.25 29.20 |
$ |
6.138.15 |
|
101.14 |
214.02 |
||
|
96.15 |
|||
|
98.18 |
211.39 |
||
|
564.81 |
769.62 |
||
|
208.11 |
263.90 |
||
|
871.64 |
1,561.92 |
||
|
78.19 |
106.67 |
||
|
87.21 |
|||
|
607.75 |
895.62 |
||
|
492.50 |
100.44 |
||
|
$ |
8.710.13 |
$ |
10,261.73 |
|
$ |
130.00 |
||
|
44.35 |
% |
244.96 |
|
|
8.60 |
|||
|
395.78 |
31.20 |
||
|
$ |
578.73 |
$ |
276.16 |
|
$ |
86.59 |
$ |
187.23 |
|
511.00 |
1.338.00 |
||
|
87.23 |
133.32 |
||
|
$ |
684.82 |
$ |
1,658.55 |
|
$ |
9,973.68 |
$ |
12,196.44 |
MONTANA STATE FISH AND GAME COMMISSION 46
Fish Hatchery Disbursements
July 1, 1932 to July 1, 1933 to OFEKATIOIT June 30, 1933 June 30, 1934
Salaries and Wages
Office Supplies and Expenses
Travel
Auto Expense
Heat, Light and Power; Water, Ice
Fish Food -
Rents
Subsistence
Hardware and Sundries
Insurance
Hatchery Supplies
Distribution of Fish
General Expenses
CAPITAI.
Land and Land Improvements $ 1,224.50
Buildings and Attached Fixtures ,
Machinery and Appliances
Hand Tools and Petty Equipment
Furniture and Fixtures ,
Rearing Ponds
Fish Screens and Traps
REPAIRS AND REFIiACEMENTS
Land and Land Improvements
Buildins and Attached Fixtures $
Machinery and Appliances
Hand Tools and Petty Equipment
Furniture and Fixtures
A^to and Trucks
Rearing Ponds
Fish Screens and Traps
Boats and Motors
TOTAL.
|
$ |
35,263.01 |
$ |
31,290.14 |
|
2,403.20 |
1.862.36 |
||
|
1,027.74 |
464.53 |
||
|
5,727.01 |
5,474.27 |
||
|
1,669.89 |
1,296.79 |
||
|
10,751.11 |
10,372.40 226.80 |
||
|
258.82 |
556.57 |
||
|
771.05 |
597.98 |
||
|
962.02 |
127.90 1,053.63 |
||
|
1,304.01 |
1,558.48 |
||
|
134.41 |
21.36 |
||
|
$ |
60,272.27 |
$ |
54,902.71 |
|
$ |
1,224.50 |
$ |
310.63 |
|
5.162.64 |
862.30 |
||
|
445.20 |
32.97 |
||
|
33.15 |
|||
|
38.75 |
2.00 |
||
|
62.98 |
1,041.07 330.48 |
||
|
$ |
6,967.22 |
$ |
2,579.45 |
|
$ |
5.00 |
||
|
$ |
1,908.14 |
742.01 |
|
|
2,614.59 |
248.64 |
||
|
71.20 |
23.78 |
||
|
21.80 |
171.57 2,190.34 11.63 |
||
|
47.64 |
229.59 24.00 |
||
|
$ |
4,663.37 |
$ |
3,646.56 |
|
$ |
71,902.86 |
$ |
61,128.72 |
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