Sal b wv ¥ye < , . SRP ~ Vu < = WAG be s ~ vvVV¥ CO OF HARVARD v s ye YOu eens whee WVvvVV es vt WN wi YY WG Neue as YOULL WIAs WAY y ww a j = vi rewiivlinit oi iy vie. TF; "Cte ure: Yam EUS raat Nohaprcdt ice VIVE feat Pugs Vows Scan cae eet or Ue | My Ww beh Sh Be. r Wil) et A v WEA ae Wk ( t's woe ae i caccantaetee . Whar’ SIGUE GUS 4 ‘ GIG ; ee Wag innvnveveevereoa esate ac We. YOM WW vy . vuvy UYU eRe a tact. v\ Urey Lie \ as wun tyen vv Ri ee YY YN ve Ny aor yu 0,8 \, \ UAV Aaa A ADA LAG asi | is ey, dW SEY SY ae ONY ae 7 a roe leeOl OD O1GiS PHASIANELLA. (Gould ) GRAUCALUS SWAINSONII (Gould Ground Graucalus. Swainson’s ~ Graucalus et, ae 7 é A J “a a] - 1 RSITY. UNIVERSIT . MA USA DGE MCZ LIBRARY HARVARD CAMBRI BS ay) Ae Tae” SE ES GEN CRACTICUS ( ealh7). VERY part of Australia is inhabited by at least one member of this genus. The different species of this genus and of the Gymnohine are very generally confused with one another, aud go by the broad appellation of “ Magpie.” CRACTICUS NIGROGULARIS (Gould). BLACK-THROATED CROW-SHRIKE. HE present species is an inhabitant of New South Wales and Victoria, frequenting principally open plains studded with large trees. It is both arboreal and terrestrial in habits, resorting to the ground principally to obtain food, which consists both of the larger kinds of insects, and of mice and small birds. It associates usually in pairs, but sometimes in small groups of three or four, probably the offspring of one pair. During the breeding season it is very fierce, and will fly down and peck at the heads of persons passing beneath the nest. A pair may often also be seen driving away a hawk, flying round, and now and then making a dart at him, and then eluding his claws with great agility. It is also a deadly enemy of all kinds of snakes. It breeds from August to January, building a rather large nest of sticks and fine roots, which is placed on one of the lower branches of a high tree. The eggs are one inch and a-quarter long, and almost an inch broad. In colour they are dark buff, spotted with very dark brown, and sometimes with black. Two broods are reared in the season. When in captivity this bird becomes very tame, and may be taught to whistle and talk, and very _ often becomes especially proficient in the use of profane language. The sexes do not differ in the colouring of their plumage. The head, neck and chest are black; the tail black, tipped with white; the back of the neck, shoulders, centre and edge of the wings, rump, and abdomen are white; the rest of the wing, black ; irides, blackish-brown ; bill, black; legs and feet, blackish-brown. Habitat: New South Wales and Victoria. Y CRACTICUS PICATUS (Gould). PIED CROW-SHRIKE. TIVE Pied Crow-Shrike, which, except for its much smaller size, exactly resembles the New South Wales species, is found in the northern part of Australia. In its general habits and economy, as well as in its mode of nidification it does not differ from the Cracticus Nigrogularis. A collar at the back of the neck, the shoulders, edge of the wing, rump, abdomen, and tips of. the tail-feathers are white; the rest of the plumage, black; irides, blackish-brown; bill, dark grey ; legs and feet, blackish-brown. Habitat: North Coast of Australia. isi G.J. Broinowski- Fecit | CRACTICUS NIGROGULARIS (Gould) 2 CRACTICUS PICATUS (Gould) Black-throated Crow-Shrike Pied Crow-Shrike CZ LIBRARY HARVARD CAMBRID UNIVERS GE. MA USA dé ay ey ee a DD CRACTICUS ARGENTEUS (Gould). SILVERY-BACKED CROW-SHRIKE. HE present species, which inhabits the north coast of Australia, in its plumage partakes of the characteristics of Cracticus Nigrogularis and Cracticus Torquatus, but has a distinctive feature of its own in the light grey colouring of the back. In habits it does not differ from the two previously described members of the genus. The crown of the head, ear-coverts, shoulders and wings, are black ; tail-feathers, black, tipped with white ; back, light silvery-grey ; under surface, rump, and margins of the two middle secondaries, white ; bill, black ; irides, yellowish-brown ; legs and feet, blackish-brown. Habitat : North coast. CRACTICUS TORQUATUS. BUTCHER-BIRD. HE whole of the southern portion of Australia constitutes the home of the present species, brushes and thickly timbered country being especially frequented by it. It principally remains among the branches of trees, but sallies forth to obtain its food, which, like that of the other members of the genus, consists of large insects, worms, mice, and small birds, in fact of any kind of small animal which it can obtain. Its note has no particular tune about it, but is, as Gould says, “a jumble of discordant sounds impossible to be described.” The breeding season lasts from September to the end of December, three eggs being laid in a nest constructed of small sticks and lined with fine fibrous roots. The eggs are dark buff, blotched and spotted with dark brown, or brownish-red. In length they are one inch and a-quarter, and in breadth eleven lines. Like most of the Crow-Shrikes, the Butcher Bird becomes tame in captivity, and will learn to whistle almost any tune. The crown of the head, ear-coverts and back of the neck are black ; the back and rump, brownish-grey ; basal portion of the wing-feathers brownish-grey, the rest dark brown, the two middle secondaries broadly margined with white; tail, dark brown, all except the two middle feathers tipped with white; under surface, greyish-white; bill, horn-colour at the base, black at the tip; irides, dark grey ; feet, blackish-brown. The sexes are almost alike in plumage, the only difference being that the female is slightly duller in colouring. Habitats: New South Wales, Victoria, South Australia, and Western Australia. PE, . I CRACTICUS ARGENTEUS Silvery-backed Crow -Shrike ( Gould ) i Be u F li 0 t ; \t ‘ CCEA Giles) mw S TOR QUA wks sutcher-Bird VU) 5 va . i at S .MCZ uenee | 7 ; HARVARD cea Ss 4 . = eae MA USA é - wl : x ’ > ‘ } : i , ] _ ‘ 7 ‘ = ' 7 § ¥ , - = ® = y 7 @ ' ‘ cs s _ = a | om 5 -e*( % a 2 a* a= hh. eee cle eo PA ae [GENUS GYMINORHINA. EMBERS of this genus inhabit most parts of Australia except the northern portion, and one is found in Tasmania. GYMNORHINA ORGANICUM (Gould) TASMANIAN CROW-SHRIKE. a home of the present species is Tasmania, where it frequents the more open parts of the country. It subsists on insects, caterpillars, and grubs, obtained chiefly on the ground, though when not seeking food, it remains mostly among the branches of high trees. Its note, which may be heard nearly always immediately after daybreak, has caused the name of Organ-bird to be applied to it, as it is considered by a great many people to resemble the sound of _ a hand organ. During the period of nidification, four eggs are laid in a nest constructed of sticks and strips of bark interwoven, and lined with fine grasses, wool, and feathers. The egos are one inch and five lines long, and one inch broad, and are light greenish-grey, with spots and blotches of dark brown, and a few of purplish-grey distributed over the surface. There are some slight differences in the colouring of the sexes. The male has the head, cheeks, under surface, scapularies, and tips of the tail-feathers, black ; primaries, brownish-black ; rest of the plumage, white; irides, yellowish-brown ; bill, horn-colour ; legs and feet, black. The female differs in having the back of the neck and back, grey. Habitat : Tasmania. CRACTICUS: QUriT QUOY S CROW-SHRIKE. Nagin species of Crow-Shrike inhabits the North Coast of Australia, and is also found in New Guinea. It frequents only the thickest parts of the forest, and is generally seen among the dense inangrove swamps, where its presence is only betrayed by its often repeated note. It feeds on insects and berries, and also, to a large extent, on crabs, There is no appreciable difference in colouring between the sexes. The whole of the plumage is black, each feather margined with green ; irides, brownish-red ; bill dark horn-colour ; legs and feet, purplish-black. Habitats: North Coast of Australia and New Guinea. VOL Bier QUOY I! CTICUS CRA 1 Cc Tasmaman Crow-Shrike e Quoy's Crow-Shrik Jt Gi Oe ev GYMNORHINA LEUCONOTA (Gould). WHITE-BACKED CROW-SHRIKE. a Gymnorhina Leuconota is found in New South Wales, Victoria, and South Australia, principally in flat and open country, studded with trees of the Eucalyptus and Angophora tribes. It is not particularly tame in disposition, but, like both the other members of the genus, will live in captivity, and displays a great aptitude for learning to whistle and _ talk. It lives on grasshoppers, locusts, and other such insects, and also will not reject berries and fruits. In September and October it builds, in the upright fork of a large tree, a nest of small twigs, lined with various grasses. Three eggs are laid, in length one inch and two-thirds, and in breadth one inch and one line. The colour is bluish-grey, with streaks of reddish-brown. Dissection is necessary to distinguish the sexes, so much do they resemble each other in plumage. The back of the neck, back, rump, wing-coverts, tail-coverts, and base of the tail-feathers are white ; the rest of the plumage, black; irides, hazel; bill, biuish-grey at the base, black at the tip; legs and feet, blackish-brown. Habitats: New South Wales, Victoria, and South Australia. GYMNORHINA TIBICEN (6G. &. Gray). PIPING CROW-SHRIKE. HE home of the species under notice is New South Wales and parts of Victoria, the same description of country being inhabited by it which is frequented by its congeners. It is much less timid in disposition than Gymnorhina Leuconota, and exceeds that bird in colloquial talents when in captivity. Its food consists of the larger kinds of insects. The season of incubation jasts from August to January, two broods being reared each year Three or four eggs are laid in a nest constructed of small dried sticks and grasses, and lined with soft bark and. wool. The crown of the head, cheeks, throat, back, under surface, scapularies, primaries and tips of the tail are black; back of the neck, wing-coverts, rump, tail-coverts, and base of the tail-feathers, white ; bill, bluish-grey at the base, passing into black at the tip; irides, light brown; legs and feet, black. Habitats: New South Wales and Victoria. oo. = ae a gk i peer eee. | GYMNORHINA LEUCONOTA (Gould ) 2 GYMNORHINA TIBICEN (GR White- backed Creow-Shrike Piping Crow -Shrike J is 7 .s a) m ¢ » > a os) PS. i @ - of he - ~ - a 74. m . a” i cw J ry : Zz = * ; ‘ : ie MCZLIBRARY |) S20") bl amen © HARVARD UNIVERSITY + als CAMBRIDGE. MA USA a ca bs J A/a Bee olen ae GENWS SUREPERA (Lesson): LTHOUGH bearing a certain resemblance to the Crows, the members of this genus are really distinct from them in all their characteristics and habits. STREPERA FULIGINOSA (Gould). BLACK MAGPIE. HE Black Magpie inhabits New South Wales, Victoria, South Australia, and Tasmania, frequenting principally swampy situations and thickly wooded places in the vicinity of water. It principally remains on the trees, but is also to be seen sometimes on the ground, where it displays great activity. It is capable of long and extended flights, generally made in small companies of three or four. The food consists both of insects and grubs, and of various berries and seeds. The nest is constructed on one of the branches of a tree, and is built of sticks, lined with moss and various grasses. Three eggs are laid, the colour of which is pale brown, blotched and spotted with darker colour. In length they are one inch and ten lines, and in breadth one inch and three lines. The female is slightly smaller than the male, but they do not differ in plumage. The whole of the plumage is brownish-black, the primaries margined with light brown; irides, light brown; bill, black; legs and feet, blackish-brown. Habitats: New South Wales, Victoria, South Australia, and Tasmania. STREPERA GRACULINA (G4. RB. Gray). PIED CROW-SHRIKE. EARLY every part of New South Wales and Victoria, except the open plains, is inhabited by this species, one of the first known of the genus. In habits it resembles greatly the Strepera Fuliginosa, but is more strictly arboreal, and makes its chief food of berries and fruits. During the breeding season a large cup-shaped nest is constructed of sticks, lined with grass, and sometimes feathers. The situation chosen is one of the branches of a small tree. Either three or four eges are laid. While flying, a peculiar noisy note is uttered. There is no outward difference in the appearance of the sexes. All the plumage is bluish-black, with the exception of the base and tip of the tail, which are white; irides, yellow; bill, legs, and feet, black. Habitats: New South Wales and Victoria. aS S ERA FULIGINOSA (Gould ) ee STREPERA GRACULINA { G.R-Gray Black Magpie Pied Crow-Shprike sees ee VL STREPERA ANAPHONENSIS. GREY CROW-SHRIKE. HE range of the present species is very great, extending from New South Wales to Western Australia, and embracing all the southern portion of the continent. It is seen generally either singly or in pairs, the places frequented being thickly timbered forests. It is more terrestrial in habits than is usual with this genus, and, as a natural consequence, subsists more on insects than on seeds or berries. In September and October three eggs are laid in a structure formed of sticks and grasses, and placed on one of the smaller branches of a Eucalyptus tree. The eggs are one inch and _three- quarters long, by one inch and a-quarter broad, and are light reddish-brown, blotched with dark brown. As in the case of the other members of the genus, the sexes are alike in colouring. All the upper surface, wings, and tail, are dark leaden-grey ; ear-coverts, brownish-black ; under surface, bluish-grey, tinged with brown; irides, yellowish-brown ; bill, legs, and feet, black. Habitats: New South Wales, Victoria, South Australia, and Western Australia. STREPERA ARGUTA (Gould). HILL CkROW-SHRIKE. HE home of the species under notice is Tasmania and South Australia, where it inhabits the same kind of country as its congeners. . Like the Strepera Anaphonensis, it is seen chiefly on the ground, very often in families from four to ten in number. The larger kind of insects, such as locusts and grasshoppers, form its principal food, which is however, varied by different kinds of berries and fruits. Its note is peculiar, somewhat resembling the clinking noise given out by iron when struck by a hammer. The nest, in which three or four eggs are laid, is the same in construction as those of the other Strepere. The head ‘and throat are deep black; wings and tail, brownish-black ; the base of the primaries and secondaries, largely margined with white; back, brownish-black ; under surface, brownish-grey ; irides, yellow ; bill, legs, and feet, black. Habitats: South Australia and Tasmania. 5 Cl BE => fas CAMBRIDGE. MA USA | Tie : ae epee en 6 Oe Ok CENVisr PGCOGRELES (Vz2e. and lors.) _° members of this genus inhabit Australia. AAGOTHELES LEUCOGASTER (Gould). WHITE-BELLIED OWLET-NIGHTJAR. HIS bird is found on the north coast of Australia, particularly in the neighbourhood of Port Essington. It is nocturnal in habits, remaining during the day in a hole in the limb of a tree. When disturbed it merely flies off to another tree, and resumes its interrupted slumbers. Its food consists of various kinds of insects, obtained at night. The sexes are alike in plumage. The head is brown, two crescentic marks, and a collar at the back of the head, freckled with grey ; back, freckled with black and white; wings, brown, the margins light brown, with spots of darker colour; ear coverts, white; tail, dark brown, crossed by broad bands of reddish-buff; breast, grey, crossed by numerous bars of black; rest of under surface, greyish-white; irides, legs, and feet, yellowish- buff; bill, black. Habitat : North coast of Australia. AAGOTHELES NOV AVTHOLLANDIA (Vig. and Horsf.) OWLET NIGHTJAR. HE Owlet Nightjar is found in Tasmania, and all the southern part of Australia, to about the latitude of Brisbane, every kind of forest country being equally frequented. During the day it resorts to the hollow branches of trees, but on the approach of night sallies forth in quest of its never-failing prey, the various insects, which also are most lively at that time. It has several points of resemblance with the owls, particularly the stooping position, and the power of turning the head in any direction, even over the back. It breeds at various times from September to Jantury, no nest being built, but four or five white eggs being laid in the hollow branch of a tree. In length the eggs are one inch and one line, and in breadth eleven lines, The head is brown, with three erescentie marks of greyish-white on the side; upper surface and wings, brownish-grey, each feather with a spot of black near the tip; under surface, light buff, barred with short, narrow lines of brown; irides, brown; bill, black; legs and feet, brownish-yellow. Habitats: Queensland, New South Wales, Victoria, South Australia, Tasmania, and Western Australia. GENUS CAPRIMULGUS (Lianeus). NLY one member of this genus inhabits Australia. Others are found in the different parts of Europe, Asia, and Africa. CAPRIMULGUS MACRURUS = (Horsfield). LARGE-TAILED NIGHTJAR. NHIS, the only species of true Nightjar obtained in Australia, inhabits the north coast, and is also found in Southern India and Java. During the day it sleeps under the shade of a large tree in an open forest, but at night displays great activity. Insects of various kinds constitute its sole food. During the breeding season a single egg is laid on the bare ground, no nest of any kind being constructed, The head is brownish-grey, the feathers down the centre, brown, with a spot of black on each; ear-coverts, brown; a narrow line below the angle of the mouth, and a line across the chest, white; back, brown, freckled with black and buff; wing-coverts, freckled grey, brown, and_ black ; primaries and secondaries, blackish-brown, crossed near the base by buff, the second and third primaries crossed near the base by a broad band of white; scapularies, greyish-white, freckled with brown ; tail- feathers, reddish-brown, freckled with dark brown, the two outer feathers on each side, largely tipped with white; under surface, buffy-brown, barred with narrow lines of dark brown; irides, dark brown ; bill, black ; ) legs and feet, light brown. Habitat: North coast of Australia. PL. XXII MOb2 Vi G.J. Broinowski, Fecit. I. ZENG TRESS) LEUCOGASTER( Gould} 2.AZEGOTHELES NOVAE-HOLLANDIZE {Vig & Horsf) White-Bellied Owlet Nightjar Owlet Nightjar. 3. CAPRIMULGUS MACRURUS (Hors) Large -tailed Nightjar. Sez LIBRARY HARVARD UNIVERSITY CAMBRIDGE. MA USA =P > a . a? aa 7 ih + i. a > ©, aE ale tA Se Ss Se PS AL BEE On DER RAP )TORES. HE number of birds of this order is very small in Australia, compared with other portions of the globe. There are none of the immense vultures which are found in other parts, and in fact very few of the larger species. The principal reason of this is, perhaps, that the greater part of animal food to be obtained consists of reptiles, which are only fitted for the smaller kinds of Rapaces. Cen Hie RACOGLAUX (Kaz.) ie members of this genus are generally looked upon as nocturnal birds, but are not strictly so, as they also fly by day. Pitt eOoOoGLAUX STRENUUS: GREAT OWL OF THE BRUSHES. HIS is one of the largest and most powerful of the Raptores, in fact the Aqwla Anclax and Polioetus Leucogaster are the only two which are superior to it in strength. It is found in the brushes of Victoria, New South Wales, and the southern part of Queensland, generally near the coast. It generally sleeps by day and flies forth at night, when its presence is betrayed by the hoarse note which it utters, and which resembles somewhat the lowing of cattle. It is sometimes also heard abroad during the daytime. It feeds on birds and small quadrupeds, which are to be obtained in great quantities in the vicinity of its haunts, The head, upper surface, wings, and tail are clove-brown, each feather having a mark of very dark brown; face, throat, and upper part of the chest, buff, with a mark of dark brown down the centre of each feather; rest of under surface, light grey, crossed by irregular bars of brown ; irides and feet, yellow; bill, greyish horn-colour. Total length, 24 inches; bill, 2 inches; wing, 15 inches; tail, 10$ inches; tarsi, 24 inches. Habitats: Victoria, New South Wales, and Queensland. HIERACOGLAUX RUFUS. RUFOUS OWL. HE present species, which inhabits the northern portion of Australia, nearly equals in size and strength the ITieracoglaux Strenuus. It is, however, easily distinguished by the rufous tint which pervades the whole of the plumage, and by the numerous narrow bars of the chest. There is no essential difference in the plumage of the sexes. The head, upper surface, wings, and tail are dark brown, barred with lighter brown; under surface, light rufous brown, crossed by numerous darker bars; irides, yellow; bill, grey; feet, yellow ; the claws, black. Total length, 20 inches; bill, 12 inch; wing, 133 inches; tail, 34 inches; tarsi, 24 inches. Habitat: Northern part of Australia. PL. XXIV VOL. VI 1. HHERACOGLAUX STRENUUS 2. HIERACOGLAUX RUFUS Great Owl of the Brushes Rufous Owl. MCZ LIBRARY HARVARD UNIVERSITY. CAMBRIDGE. MA USA a ep ee eae Le DV Ce NU Seo LEOGLAUX (Kau), HE two species of this genus are chiefly nocturnal in habits, but also, sometimes fly about in the daytime. SPILOGLAUX BOOBOOK. BOOBOOK OWL. VERY part of Australia is inhabited by this owl, which is also found, though to a much smaller extent, in Tasmania. It usually sleeps in the daytime, and goes forth at night to obtain its food. Sometimes, however, it is seen during the day, in pursuit of insects and small birds, which its swiftness enables it to capture easily. The ery, which is uttered only during the night, resembles the sound of the word “ Buck- buck,” from which ‘“ Boobook” is evidently derived. During the months of November and December, three pure white eggs are laid in a hole in the trunk of a gum tree. In length they are one inch and seven lines, and in breadth one inch and four lines. The fore part of the facial dise is greyish-white; the hinder part and ear-coverts, dark brown ; the head, and upper surface, wings, and tail, brown; the fore part of the head, and the margins of the scapularies and wing-feathers being reddish-brown; chest, and centre of abdomen, light rufous ; lower part of abdomen, white, the whole of the under surface being marked with reddish-brown ; irides, yellowish-brown ; bill, black; feet, yellow. Habitats: The whole of Australia, and parts of Tasmania. SPILOGLAUX MACULATUS. SPORTED OWL. i (ees the preceding species, the Spotted Owl is most abundant in Tasmania, and is but sparingly distributed over the mainland. It is usually found in thick forests and brushes, generally spending the day in slumber, but sometimes sallying forth for food. During the night it becomes very active, and captures great numbers of small birds, locusts, and other insects. It bears confinement very well, and is often to be seen in aviaries. The sexes are alike in colour, but contrary to the usual rule, the female is slightly larger than the male. The facial dise is white, with a dark grey patch round the eye; head, upper surface, wings, and tail, blackish-brown; the forehead, scapularies, and secondaries, spotted with white; under surface, light chestnut-brown, spotted with white; irides and feet, yellow; bill, black. Habitats: Tasmania, New South Wales, Victoria, and South Australia. VOL VI PL XXV C.J .Broinowsk:, Fecit SPILOGLAUX MACULATUS Spotted Owl e Boobook Owl. SPILOGLAUX BOOBOOK. 1 MCZ LIBRARY ~ HARVARD UNIVERSITY CAMBRIDGE. MA USA see eee Ee ee VE. GENUS SCELOGLAUX (Ka.) ee only member of this peculiar genus inhabits New Zealand. SCELOGLAUX ALBIFACIES (G. 2 Gray), WEKAU. LTHOUGH an inhabitant of New Zealand, this is such a singular species, and so characteristically distinct from any other yet discovered, that it may fairly be included in a work such as this. It is certainly an owl, but differs from all the others in several points, particularly in its small head, prominent bill, and inconsiderable powers of flight, which latter peculiarity at once shows it to be terrestrial rather than arboreal inhabits. It is not known on what it feeds, but most probably, from its structure, insects form the principal article of diet. It is very rare, only a few specimens having been obtained. The forehead is white, above it a band of rufous spotted with black; head and upper surface, blackish-brown; facial dise and threat, greyish-white, the latter spotted with brown; wing-eoverts and wings, blackish-grey, the former spotted with white; under surface, dark rufous, each feather with a mark of brown in the centre; irides, dark brown; bill and feet, grey; tarsi, brown. Habitat: New Zealand. HIERACOGLAUX CONNIVENS. WINKING OWL. HIS species, described by Latham under the title of Falco Connivens, is found in all the southern colonies of Australasia, from New South Wales to Western Australia. It is found in much greater abundance than either of the other two members of the genus. ; : ; 2 eae During the daytime it remains hidden in the branches of some tree, very often a Casuarina, and sallies forth at night after the manner of its congeners. During the breeding season it lays a single white egg, two inches long and one and five-eighth inches in breadth. The head, ear-coverts, back, and wings, are dark brown; the scapularies, greater wing-coverts, and secondaries, spotted with white; tail, dark brown, barred and tipped with white; under surface, mottled brown and grey; irides and feet, yellow; bill, grey. Habitats: New South Wales, Victoria, South Australia, and Western Australia. i + erat PL XXVI G. J. Broinowski, Fecit 5 CELOGLAUX ALBIFACIES, (G.R Gray) HIERACOCLAUX CONNIVENS. Wekau. Winking Owl. MCZ LIBRARY HARVARD UNIVERSITY CAMBRIDGE. MA USA Be a AL et es DD al Eg GENUS STFRIX. (Zzz.) LTHOUGH the Raptores altogether are but feebly represented in Australia, the number of members of — the genus Strzx is quite extraordinary. As a general rule a country posseses but one species, whereas Australia contains no less than five. STRIX CASTANOPS (Gould). CHESTNUT-FACED OWL. HIS large and powerful bird inhabits Tasmania, and the southern colonies of Australia, frequenting the open forests of large trees. It spends the day sleeping in a hollow in the trunk of a large tree, but on the approach of evening issues forth in search of food. It subsists on rats, bandicoots, and other small quadrupeds. There is no difference in the plumage of the sexes, but the female is much larger and stronger than her mate. The facial disc is deep chestnut-brown ; upper surface, wings, and tail, rufous brown, each feather irregularly marked with dark brown, and the head and shoulders having a few spots of white ; under surface dark chestnut, with a few spots of black ; irides, blackish-brown ; space round the eye, black ; bill, yellowish-buff; feet, greyish-brown ; claws, black. Habitats : Tasmania, and the southern part of Australia. STRIX NOV A-HOLLAN DIAN (Steph.) MASKED OWL. HE Masked Owl is found in every part of Australia except the north coast, but does not inhabit Tasmania. In general habits it resembles the Strix Castanops, like it, being strictly nocturnal in habits and feeding on small quadrupeds. It is, however, only about two-thirds the size of that bird. There is considerable difference in the colouring of the face and under surface of different specimens, in some these parts being buff, and in others pure white. This at first caused them to be described as different species, but it has been proved that they are really the same. As in the case of the Strix Castanops, the female greatly exceeds the male in size. The facial disc is light buff tinged with purple, and bounded by a line of reddish-brown ; the head, upper surface, and wings, dark brown, spotted with buff; tail, buff, with irregular bars of brown ; under surface, very pale buff, spotted irregularly with dark brown; space round the eye, black ; irides, dark grey ; bill, pale horn-colour ; feet, yellow; claws, black. Habitat : The whole of Australia, except the northern part. « PL XXVIL STRIX CASTAN OPS, (Gould) Chestnut-faced Owl. 2 STRIX NOVA -HOLLANDIA., Masked Owl. G.J. Broinowsk (Steph) VOL VI Fecit “MCZ LIBRARY 7 x“ ara). «. HARVARD UNIVERSITY ae CAMBRIDGE. MA USA = ‘ = a | - + — % - ’ [ + 4 ¢ . ~ - i a bed ~ of is * i. Vel epee eet, ke eV LT. STRIX CANDIDA (Tickeil). GRASS OWL. (JFNHE species under notice inhabits the grassy plains of Queensland, and is also found in some parts of India, where the country is of very much the same description as portions of Australia. It resembles greatly, both in structure and habits, the Strix Delicatulus. The female does not differ much from the male, merely being rather duller in colouring. The facial disc is ereyish-white; the head and upper surface, brownish-black, spotted with white ; primaries, dark brown, margined with rufous; wing-coverts, light rufous, tipped with black, and having a spot of white near the extremity; secondaries, rufous, with several black spots; under surface, greyish-white, tinged with rufous on the chest and flanks, and irregularly spotted with brown ; irides, dark brown; bill, legs, and feet, light brown. Habitats : Queensland, and parts of India. =F = is bd a, Tickell) ( CANDIDA ST RIX Grass Owl. A ERSITY «MCZ LIBRARY CA ARD UNIV RIDGE. MA US no ” cee ee xe Oe Dk STRIX TENEBRICOSUS (Gould). SOOTY OWL. TJX\HE dark, sombre colour of this species at once distinguishes it from all the other members of } the genus. It is also very much rarer. It is found in the thick brushes near the coast of New South Wales. In all its habits and characteristics it resembles its congeners, and, as in their case, the female is larger and more powerful than the male. The facial dise is sooty-grey, surrounded by black; the upper surface, wings, and tail, blackish- brown, spotted with white; the primaries the same colour, but without spots; under surface, brownish- | grey, with very faint spots of white; irides, brown; bill, horn-colour; feet, yellow; claws, black. . Habitat: New South Wales. Pi. Sx SRI TENES Ri cosus wl (Gould VOL. VI P) ' ] : J 4 ] ] ree + ' : we = : r= MCZ LIBRARY : . | s ea ie Se on : Aj as Pie a SC STRIX DELICATULUS (Gould). DELICATE OWL. “TPNHE present species is considerably smaller than its congeners, and has a much wider distribution. New South Wales, Victoria, and South Australia constitute its principal home, and it is also found in Queensland, and the forth coast, as well as in several of the islands of the Pacific. Its habits are so like those of the other members of the same genus, that no separate description is necessary. The facial dise is white. margined with reddish-buff, which colour also surrounds the eyes; upper surface, light grey, marked with spots of mingled white and black; wings and_ tail-feathers, light buff, margined with dark brown; under surface, white, sparingly spotted with brown ; irides, grey ; bill, horn-colour; legs and feet, yellow; claws, black. Habitats: All the eastern colonies, as well as South Australia, and several islands in the Pacific. VOL. VI. PL. XXX 2 , 4 : MCZ LIBRARY HARVARD UNIVERSITY CAMBRIDGE. MA USA + » 7 , } ] d= Ji eye Ee cy ee. Ga ae ie GENUS CIRCUS CLacHede). ees are found in Australia, both assimilating to those in other parts of the world. CIRCUS ASSIMILIS (Jard. and Selb.) ALTE, TAT RTE I. HIS species is found in ail the southern colonies of Australia, and also in Tasmania, frequenting marshy places. It feeds on birds and small quadrupeds, and also on lizards and other reptiles. It seldom flies high, but generally skims along near the surface of the ground, uttering meanwhile a loud shrill whistle. The eggs, which are pure white in colour, are one and seven-eighths inches lone by one and a half inches wide. The female is larger than the male, and also differs in the markings being less well defined. Head and upper surface, dark brown; face, buffy-white, with a dark line down the centre of each feather; wings, dark brown, the primaries having a spot of black; tail, brownish-grey, the base being greyish-white; under surface, light buff, each feather with a streak of reddish-brown down the centre; irides, legs, and feet, yellow; bill and claws, black. —— Habitats : New South Wales, Victoria, South Australia, Western Australia, and Tasmania. CIRCUS JARDINIL (Goud). JARDINE’S HARRIER. HE Circus Jardinu is found in all the eastern portion of Australia, including the interior of South Australia. It differs from all the other Harriers in the spotted plumage, but in the character of the country frequented, and also in the kind of food, it assimilates closely to them. As is usual with these birds, the female is considerably larger and more powerful than the male. The head, cheeks, and ear-coverts are dark chestnut, each feather with a mark of brown down the centre; back, grey; under surface, light chestnut, each feather spotted with white; wing- feathers, brownish-grey, with spots of white; tail, alternately barred with grey and dark brown ; upper tail coverts, brown; irides, yellow; bill, black; legs and feet, brownish-yellow. Habitats : Queensland, New South Wales, Victoria, and South Australia. ADIdAC|4 SAiPde dAldAeL{ Pdt}|\/ Keio NEES SAD STOR) fa geS2 PteN) SITIWISSY SMOWIO ‘| NES ING YN . IXxX "Id nda ; [} aaa Py Abas rey; Stake hae aaa MCZ LIBRARY UNIVERSHY. USA CAMBRIDGE. MA HARVARD aie elent ee sles ety OK OS OS BT TINNUNCULUS CENCHROIDES. NANKEEN KESTREL. HIS bird bears a great resemblance in habits and economy to the European Kestrel, differing from it principally in its easier and more graceful flight. It is found in almost every part of Australia. During October and November it deposits four eggs in a hollow trunk of a tree, no nest being constructed. The eggs, which are light chestnut in colour, freckled with a darker tint, are one inch and five-eighths long and one inch and a quarter broad. The male has the forehead white; the crown of the head, upper surface, and wing-coverts, cinnamon-red, with a stripe of dark brown on each feather; rest of wing-feathers dark brown, slightly margined with white; tail, grey, tipped with white, and crossed near the extremity by a band of black ; sides of the head and ear-coverts, greyish-white; face and under surface, white, the shafts of the feathers on the chest being black; irides, brown; bill, black; legs and feet, yellow. Habitat: All Australia, more or less. GEN sxZ A (Fodeson ). ‘ |) se members of this genus inhabit India and the adjacent islands, and one is found in Australia. BAZA SUBCRISTATA (Gould). CRESTED HAWK. HIS is a very rare species, its range being restricted to the northern part of New South Wales, and the southern part of Queensland. It inhabits flat open country. It feeds on insects of various kinds, many of which are obtained in the air. The sexes do not differ in plumage. The head, ear-coverts, and upper part of back, are light brownish-grey; the crest of the head, blackish-brown: back, brown; wings, blackish-grey ; tail, brownish-grey; throat and chest, greyish-white ; rest of under surface, reddish-buff, crossed by irregular bars of darker colour; irides, legs, and feet, yellow; bill and claws, black. Habitats: Parts of New South Wales, and Queensland. ioe) Se, Se ee ee re a ee Ould) RI oe Crested Hawk SIGE BAZA CEN GAin@| DES a. TINNUNCULUS Nankeen Kestrel. MCZ LIBRARY 2 eae ie HARVARD UNIVERSITY, re CA, CAMBRIDGE. MA USA “hy a d 7) Ey ed c-Si Die Le GENUS ELANUS (Savigny). EMBERS of the genus Elanus inhabit Europe, Asia, Africa, and North America, and two are also found in Australia. ELANUS AXILLARIS. BLACK-SHOULDERED KITE. HE north coast of Australia is the chief home of this bird, but it also, during the summer, visits the more southern portions, never, however, going as far south as Tasmania. It remains generally in the air, where it captures many insects, which, together with reptiles, constitute its food. It is thus a great benefit to the districts which it visits, as, during the hot weather, it rids them of a large number of noxious insects, which would otherwise become almost intolerable. The female is very similar in colouring to the male. The forehead and under surface are white; a line over the eye, and a mark extending from the shoulder over the greater portion of the wings are black; upper surface, light grey; wings and tail, darker grey; irides, orange; bill, black; feet, yellow. Habitats: North coast of Australia, and, during the summer, the southern portion also. ELANUS SCRIPTUS (Gould). LETTER-WINGED KITE. ig is rather curious to note to what trivial circumstances a great many birds owe their names. The present species, for instance, was called Letter-winged Kite from the fact that, when the wing is extended, the black mark on the upper surface of the wing resembles a V. It is found in the interior of Australia, associating in companies of from twenty to thirty. Besides the insects and reptiles on which its congener, Hlanus Azillaris, subsists, it also feeds on rats, bandicoots, and other small animals. Some time after feeding, it ejects from its stomach small round pellets, composed of the fur of the animals which it has eaten. These pellets are used to line the nest, which is outwardly constructed of sticks. Four or five eggs are laid, the average length being one inch and _ three-quarters, and the breadth one inch and three-eighths. In colour they are white, spotted with reddish-brown, Strange to say, it is quite easy to remove these marks by wetting them, The sexes are alike in colour. eure The forehead is white; upper surface, dark grey; wing-feathers, brownish-grey, secondaries margined with white; tail, grey, the outer feathers tinged with brown; under surface, greyish-white ; on™the under surface of the wing is a broad mark of black, in the form of the letter V; irides, reddish-orange ; bill, black; feet, yellow. Habitat: Interior of Australia. PL. XXxill 3.d. Bromnowski, Fecit ees AGNI SS WACK CAM RED Ss 2 ee EE AINGOS SrGeReiat Black-shouldered Kite. Letter-winged Kite. MCZ LIBRARY HARVARD UNIVERSITY CAMBRIDGE. MA USA i | eee aay, OS Oe DV. GENUS. MILVUS. (Cauzeer). ila species of the genus Milvus inhabit Australia. MILVUS AFFINIS (Gould). ALLIED KITE. HE whole of the Australian continent, and part of India, together with the islands between these countries, constitute the habitat of this bird. It is not found in Tasmania. It is very fearless in disposition, a circumstance which causes it to be looked upon with great disfavour by the farmers, as it visits their fowl yards and carries off poultry. It feeds on any sort of animal food obtainable, and plays an important part in getting rid of all kinds of refuse of houses. Unlike the European Kite, it never flies high, but remains near the ground on the lookout for food. The sexes do not differ materially either in size or plumage. The head and back of the neck are reddish-buff, with a mark of black on the centre of each feather; upper surface rich brown, tinged with red on the wing-coverts, the shaft of each feather being black; primaries brown, margined with black, the rest of the wing-feathers dark brown; tail brown, each feather tipped with greyish-white ; throat, very light buff, the rest of the under surface dark brownish-buff, the shafts of all the feathers being black; bill, black at the tip, and light buff at the base; irides, reddish-brown ; feet, yellow. Habitats; All the Australian continent, also part of India, and many of the Indian Islands, MILVUS ISURUS (Gould). SQUARE-TAILED KITE. fT\HE present species, which is readily distinguishable from all the other Kites by the square form of the tail, is found in New South Wales, Victoria, South Australia, and Western Australia, frequenting both the forest country and the open plains. Specimens have also been procured in New Zealand. Unlike the Milvus Affinis, it flies very high, and sometimes very swiftly. The food consists of birds, reptiles, and small Mammalia. October and November constitute the period of incubation, during which time two eggs are laid in a nest constructed of sticks, lined with leaves and soft bark. The eggs, the length of which is one inch and eleven lines, and the breadth one inch and seven lines, are in colour buffy-white, spotted and blotehed with reddish-brown. The female is larger than the male, but does not differ in colouring. The head and ear-coverts are greyish-white, each feather marked in the centre and tipped with black; upper surface, dark brown; wing feathers, dark brown, margined with light brown; rump and upper tail-coverts, white, crossed by bands of brown; tail, brownish-grey, tipped with black, and crossed by narrow lines of the same colour; back and sides of the neck and under surface, fawn colour, the feathers of the neck, chest, and flanks having a mark of black in the centre, and those of the abdomen a faint line of reddish-brown; tip of the bill, black; base, greyish-white; irides, dark red ; feet, light yellow. Habitats : New South Wales, Victoria, South Australia, Western Australia, and New Zealand. PL XXXl1V. G.J.Broinowski » Fec cit. Mite YS PNET NTS tGould he 2) IMUGEWAWS PSUrRUES (Gould), Allied Kite. Square -—tailed Kite. MCZ LIBRARY ‘HARVARD UNIVERSITY, CAMBRIDGE. MA USA a ieee ey KS OV. GENUS GYPOICTINIA (Kaz) HIS is a generic appellation suggested by Kaup, for a bird which Gould calls Buteo Melanosternon, but which differs somewhat from the members of that form. GYPOICTINIA MELANOSTERNON (Kaup). BLACK-BREASTED BUZZARD. LTHOUGH undoubtedly a Buzzard, this species differs to a certain extent from the European form, and the title Gypoictinia has therefore been invented for it. It is found in the southern colonies of Australia, but is not by any means common. It feeds on every description of animal matter, im discovering which it displays remarkable powers of scent. It is said that the SBlack-breasted Buzzard will drive an Emu off her nest, and devour the eggs, first dropping a stone from above to break them. This is, however, not well authenticated. Except for the slightly larger size of the female, there is no difference between the sexes. The head, ear-coverts, throat, chest, and centre of abdomen, black, the feathers of the abdomen tipped with greyish-white; flanks and under tail-coverts, dark reddish-brown, each feather with a mark of black in the centre; back of the neck, chestnut-red, with black shafts; shoulders, buffy-white ; back, dark blackish-brown, margined with chestnut-brown ; primaries, white at the base, black for the remainder of the length; rest of wing-feathers and tail, brownish-black; irides, dark reddish-brown ; bill, dark grey at the tip, buffy-white at the base; legs and feet, yellow. Habitats: New South Wales, Victoria, South Australia, and Western Australia. PL XXXV GYPOICTINIA. MELANOSTERNON (Kaup). Black-breasted Buzzard egole Nee ae ok ORY GENUSSEERUCOSPIZA (Kaw). ‘oe two species of this form are closely allied to the genus Astur. LEUCOSPIZA RATI (Kaup). NEW HOLLAND GOSHAWK. FF\HE brushes near the coast of New South Wales, particularly about the Hunter ad Richmond Rivers, are inhabited by this bird, mentioned by Latham under the title of Kaleo Clarus. On account of its scarcity and shy habits, almost nothing is known of its economy. In outward appearance the sexes are alike, except for the superior size of the female. The upper surface is grey; wings, dark brown; under surface, white, crossed by irregular lines of black; irides, dark red; base of bill, white; tip, black ; legs and feet, yellow. Habitat: New South Wales. _ HV | NG 4 78 LEUCOSPIZA NOVA HOLLANDLAL WHITE GOSHA WK. OR many years it was a strongly disputed poimt among naturalists as to whether this was a distinct species, or an albino variety of Leucospiza Raw. In form and size they are identical, and, as far as is known, in habits; but while this bird is entirely white, its congener has the back erey. It is, however, now almost certain that they are distinct. Cuvier, whose great name would give a certain amount of probability to any theory, considered that, in all likelihood, this was originally an albino, but had become permanent, obtaining the power of perpetuating its white plumage. It is found in New South Wales, Victoria, South Australia, and Tasmania. As is usually the case with raptorial birds, the female is the larger. The whole of the plumage is white; irides, red; bill, black; legs and feet, yellow. Habitats: New South Wales, Victoria, South Australia, and Tasmania. PL . XXXY1. VOL VI. | | GJ. Broinowsk: , Fecit eS eEUIGOS PZ xX ReAnS ae, Be |REIWCOS IVAN NOVA —-HOLLANDIA ( Kaup.) New, Holland Goshawk White Goshawk MCZ LIBRARY HARVARD UNIVERSITY CAMBRIDGE. MA USA — i i pe | a, 2 ae eee eee) OS OS EV EL GENUS ASTUR (Lac&eéde). : ee species of this form inhabit Australia. Doo Uri siyAeD TA TU 8. RADIATED GOSHAWK. FYNHIS, the largest of the three Goshawks indigenous to Australia, is found among the dense bushes bordering the coast of New South Wales, especially in the vicinity of the northern rivers. It feeds on birds and reptiles, and, like the other members of the genus is very destructive to the poultry of the farmers. In outward appearance the sexes are alike, with the usual exception of the smaller size of the male. The head, neck, and under surface are brownish-grey, with irregular marks of black and_ rust- red; wing-coverts, blackish-brown, margined with rufous, the rest of the wings, brown, marked irregularly with blackish-brown; tail, reddish-brown, crossed by darker bars; thighs, rust-red; irides, yellowish-brown ; bill, grey ; legs and feet, brownish-grey. Habitat: New South Wales. ASTUR APPROXIMANS (Vig. and Horsf) AUSTRALIAN GOSHAWK. IFFERENT specimens of the Australian Goshawk were originally described as three distinct birds, under the titles of Astur Radiatus, Astur Fasciatus, and Astur Approximas, but Gould, on examination, found that the three were, in reality, the young male, the adult male, and the female. As the other two names were already appropriated, he retained that of Astur Approximans for the whole species. It is found in all the colonies from the southern portion of Queensland to South Australia, and also in Tasmania. The food consists of birds and small mammalia, and, like its two congeners, it creates great havoc among the fowl yards of the farmers. It breeds in August and the three following months, a large nest being’ constructed of sticks, lined with leaves, and placed on a branch of a tree, usually in the vicinity of water. Three eggs are laid, the length of which is one inch and five-sixths and the breadth one inch and _five-twelfths. In colour they are greyish-white, with large, irregular blotches of dark buff. The head is leaden-grey; the upper surface, wings, and tail, dark brown; the inner webs of the primaries light rufous, barred with dark brown; under surface and thighs, bluish-grey, crossed by numerous irregular brown fasci@; line above the eye, black; bill, legs, and feet, brownish-grey. Habitats ; Queensland, New South Wales, Victoria, South Australia, and Tasmania. c oo nw =e aos a = ul Jae Bhi ss Oa & eso & ax rzV ee eee Oe xX VL EL. ASTUR CRUENTUS (Gould). WEST AUSTRALIAN GOSHAWK. ESTERN AUSTRALIA is the chief home of the present species, but it is also found on the North Coast, and in some of the Indian Islands. In the class of food on which it subsists, and the method of obtaining it, this bird resembles the other members of the genus. The period of nidification extends from October to the end of December, three eggs being laid in a nest composed of sticks, lined with leaves. The upper surface and wings are dark brown, each feather tipped with lighter colour ; tail, greyish-brown, barred with dark brown; under surface, rufous, marked with » buffy-white ; irides, light brown ; bill, blackish-brown ; legs and feet, grey. Habitats: Western Australia, North Coast, and islands to the northward. SENS VCCIRIPER (5sson). oe one member of the genus Accipiter is found in Australia. ACCIPITER TORQUATUS (Vig. and Horsf.) COLLARED SPARROW-HAWK. VERY part of Australia, as well as Tasmania, is frequented by the Collared Sparrow-Hawk though it is most abundant in New South Wales and Victoria. Its exceedingly rapid flight and great agility enable it to capture small birds with the greatest ease, the male especially, although only about half the size of the female, being very bold and active. Its greatest enemies are the Magpies, several of which may often be seen chasing a Hawk and attacking him from all sides. During August and the three following months, three eggs are laid in a nest constructed of sticks and lined with fine roots and leaves. The eggs are one inch and a-half long by one inch and a-sixth broad, and in colour are bluish-white, blotched with buff or brown. The head, upper surface, wings, and tail are dark brownish-grey; back of the neck and under surface, light reddish-brown, crossed by numerous bars of greyish-white; throat, grey; irides, grey ; bill, brownish-black; legs and feet, yellow. Habitats: All parts of Australia and Tasmania. ee he st a, e W i ot a a >» :> 4 ‘ \ is 4 ’ %s i] A - Pa) ao > * -_ a? = fy Fea ~HARVARD UNIV CAMBRIDGE. MA USA 1 U — . — * — — = z 2 bbe . 5 = q Y ' } j ’ mm — . _MCZ LIBRARY * ve. * ie Mege ANS Se a), | Se OK OST OO GENUS Eee A€ Ii A. ()*” species of the above genus inhabits the eastern portion of Australia, and another the western. HIERACIDEA OCCIDENTALIS (Gould). WESTERN BROWN HAWK. HIS species is found in South and Western Australia, the range extending right up to the North-West Coast. As might be inferred from the fact that the food consists of frogs, lizards, and such other animals, it frequents principally swampy places. It also captures the smaller kinds of birds, and, in fact, will eat any kind of flesh obtainable. During the months of September and October from two to four eggs are laid in a_ nest which is composed of sticks, and placed among the thick foliage of a high tree. The eggs are generally buffy-white, blotched with rich brown, but sometimes the latter colour pervades the whole surface. Their length is two inches, and the breadth one and a-half inch. The crown of the head and upper surface are rust-red, becoming darker on the rump, where each feather is tipped with greyish-white; wings, dark brown, the primaries margined with greyish- white, and the wing-coverts with light rufous; tail, dark brown, crossed by irregular bars: of reddish- brown, and tipped with buffy-white; ear-coverts, brownish-grey ; forehead, white; under surface, very pale buffy-white, each feather with a fine stripe of reddish-brown; irides, red; bill, bluish lead-colour ; legs and feet, ashy-grey. Habitats : South and Western Australia. HIERACIDEA BERIGORA (Gould). BROWN HAWK. HE present bird somewhat resembles its congener, but is considerably larger, and has the general plumage darker. It is found in considerable abundance in New South Wales, Victoria, and Tasmania, where, although to a certain extent destructive to the poultry, it still does great service to the farmers by ridding them of the caterpillars and other noxious insects. During seasons in which these are numerous it is seen in flocks of hundreds, though usually it associates in pairs. It breeds in October and November, two or three eggs being laid in a nest built of sticks, lined with soft bark and leaves. The eggs are two inches and a-sixth long, by one inch and a-half broad, and in colour are buffy-white, irregularly marked with reddish-brown. The head and ear-coverts are ferruginous brown, the ear-coverts bounded beneath by a_ line of black; back, wings, and tail, dark brown, the wing-feathers margined with light reddish-brown, and the tail barred with the same colour; under surface, light buff, becoming much darker on the flanks, vent, and under tail-coverts, and each feather marked with reddish-brown ; irides, dark red; bill, legs, and feet, grey. Habitats : New South Wales, Victoria, and Tasmania. PL -XXX1X RWI RA CI DEA West OCCIDENTALIS ( Goul 2. HIERAC = PEDoDIY D A Gould {J/ERACIDEA BERIGORF ern Brown Hawk +, MCZ LIBRARY HARVARD UNIV USA CAMBRIDGE. MA Ele AS ae Ey ae CEN Ss PALCO: N LMOST every part of the world is inhabited by one or more members of this genus. FALCO HYPOLEUCUS (Gould). i GREY FALCON. a Grey Falcon is a native of South and Western Australia, being chiefly found in the interior, in mountainous and rocky regions. It is so rare that next to nothing has been discovered of its characteristics and habits. Although, in structure, it resembles the European species, it is much less powerful, but in point of fierceness is equal, perhaps, to any of the Raptorial birds. The whole of the upper and under surface and wings is grey, each feather marked with black; primaries margined with brownish-black ; tail, brownish-grey, barred with black; irides, legs, and feet, reddish-brown; bill, yellow, tipped with black. Habitats : South and Western Australia. FALCO LUNULATUS (Lath) WHITE-FRONTED FALCON. HE Falco Lunulatus, one of the oldest known and at the same time the smallest of the Australian Falcons, is an inhabitant of Tasmania and all the southern part of Australia, and rare specimens have also been procured on the North Coast. It subsists on small birds, especially quails, and also on insects. The eggs, which are one inch and five-sixths long, by one inch and a third broad, are laid in a large nest built of sticks, lined with bark, and placed on one of the topmost branches of a lofty tree. They are light buff colour, blotched and spotted with darker colour. The forehead is reddish-buff; the crown of the head, ear-coverts, upper surface, and wings, dark greyish-brown, the internal webs of the primaries marked with buff; two centre tail-feathers, grey, barred with black, the remainder alternate dark grey and _ reddish-chestnut; throat and_ chest, buffy-white; rest of under surface, dark reddish-brown, marked on the ftanks with brownish-black ; irides, reddish-brown ; bill, black; legs and feet, reddish-brown. Habitats: Tasmania and southern part of Australia, also, but rarely, the North Coast. or NSE PA eGOn SHiyeP Ome WOUS VOGou td? AZ SPA EO LUN WAT US Le Grey Faicon White-fronted Falcon , e 4 ‘ P| oe $ MCZ LIBRARY HARVARD UNIVERSITY = CAMBRIDGE. MAUSA — |” J eS G8 he Sa Se FALCO MELANOGENYS (Gouid). BLACK-CHEEKED FALCON. TYNHE Black-cheeked Falcon is distributed over the greater part of Australia and Tasmania, wherever the rocky creeks and gullies, which it frequents, are to be found. Its food consists for the most part of other birds, which it captures after the manner of the Falcons of the Old World, very often carrying off a bird more than twice its own weight. During the spring months it lays two eggs in a nest built among well-nigh inaccessible rocks The colour of the eggs is buff, largely blotched with reddish-brown. In length they are two inches and one line, and in breadth one inch and seven and a-half lines. The female is much larger than the male, but does not differ materially in plumage. The crown of the head is dull brown; cheeks and forehead, black; upper surface and wings, brownish-black, margined with brownish-grey; centre wing feathers barred alternately with bluish-grey and black, the two next to the centre barred with white and buff; throat and under surface, buffy-white ; the abdomen barred with brown; irides, blackish-brown; bill, brown at the base, black at the tip; legs and feet, orange. Habitats: Australia and Tasmania. FALCO SUBNIGER (4. B. Gray) Bie k SKALCON. f HIS little-known bird is an inhabitant of the mountainous districts of the interior of Australia. It is also found in New Zealand. It feeds on other birds, in capturing which it displays great skill and strength. Save the usual difference in size, the sexes are alike in outward appearance. The whole of the plumage is black, becoming lighter on the edges of the feathers; chin, white; irides, blackish-brown; bill, lead-colour; legs and feet, yellowish-white. Habitat: Interior of Australia. | FALCO MELANOGENYS.CGould.) Black-cheeked Falcon Black Falcon ———E————— Sea Ewa ie ok ee Er line (i CEOS 1 AN DION. YHE Ospreys of Europe and America are represented in Australia by one species, Pandion Leucocephalus. PANDION LEUCOCEPHALUS (Gould). WHITE-HEADED OSPREY. TYXHE range of the species under notice extends over pretty well the whole of Australia and Tasmania, though it is nowhere found in any great abundance. It feeds on fish, and on this account is always found either near the sea, or in the close vicinity of rivers and _ lakes. The manner of obtainmg food is the same as that of the Old World Osprey. It circles about in the air at a considerable height, and on perceiving a fish darts down with great swiftness and captures it, even from beneath the surface of the water. Of its flight, Gould says:—* When near the water its flight is heavy and flapping; but when soaring aloft at a great altitude its actions are the most easy and graceful imaginable; at one moment it appears motionless, and at another performs a series of beautiful curves and circles, apparently for mere enjoyment.” The nest, which sometimes measures as much as sixteen feet in circumference, is placed generally on an almost inaccessible rock, but sometimes on the top of a high tree. It is constructed of thick sticks, lined with seaweed, or thin twigs and grass. Two eggs are laid, the length of which is two and five-twelfth inches, and the breadth one and three-quarter inches. The ground colour is dirty yellowish-white, with blotches of very dark reddish-brown; and in some cases, also, there are faint marks of purple. The head, back of the neck, throat, and chest, are white, each feather with a mark of brown down the centre ; abdomen, white; feathers of the back, wings, and tail, blackish-brown, margined with grey ; primaries, black ; irides, bright red; bill, black ; legs and feet, reddish-brown. Habitats : Australia and Tasmania. _~ eer GELLAR LEE ATARI LE Per PR bet i eae yet ¢ re 2 n MCZ LIBRARY HARVARD UNIVERSITY - CAMBRIDGE. MA USA a i ee es rc 7 ee ae oe ee Ae ela ES Se eo Gee are Bad ae CEN See weitere UR (S275). HIS form is confined to India, the Indian Islands, and Australia. Two species are found in the latter country. HALIASTUR LEUCOSTERNUS (Gould). WHITE-BREASTED SEA EAGLE. NHE Aahastur Leucosternus is found on the north and north-eastern coast of Australia, never going further south than about the latitude of the Hunter River. It also inhabits some of the islands to the north of the continent. It subsists entirely on fish, which it captures generally by swooping down and seizing them with its claws, though sometimes it goes underneath the surface of the water. The prey is usually borne off to a branch of a tree overhanging the water, but occasionally is devoured while the bird circles round in the air. During the breeding season, which lasts from the end of June to the beginning of September, a nest of sticks is constructed in which are laid two or three greyish-white eggs, freckled, and streaked with reddish-brown. The average length is two and a-sixth inches, and the breadth one and two-third inch, The head, neck, and under surface are white; feathers of the back, wings, tail, and upper and under tail-coverts, rich chestnut, tipped with black; thighs, chestnut; irides, legs, and feet, yellow ; bill, light greyish-white. Habitats: North and. north-east coasts of Australia, and islands to the north. aft (Gould.) LEWCOSTERNUS White-Hreasted Sea-Eagle STUR HALIA > MCZ LIBRARY = HARVARD UNIVERSITY CAMBRIDGE. MAUSA~ « eelernee Set. Xe TW. HALIASTUR SPHENURUS. WHISTLING EAGLE. HE Whistling Eagle, so called on account of the shrill whistle uttered when flying, is found in all parts of Australia; and also, but more rarely, in Tasmania. It feeds on reptiles, small quadrupeds, and every kind of carrion, in search of which latter it may often be seen in the close vicinity of rivers and _ lakes. During the months of November and December, either one or two eggs are laid in a_ nest built on one of the branches of a high tree, and constructed of sticks and thin roots. The eggs are bluish-white, faintly marked with brown, and are two and a-quarter inches long by one and_ three- quarter inch broad. Gould mentions that he once found a nest of this species, with that of the Amadine Latham: built on the side, the two birds sitting on their eggs in the greatest harmony. The male is smaller than the female, but is the same in colouring. The head, neck, and under—surface are light greyish-brown, each feather tipped with reddish- brown; feathers of back and wings, blackish-brown, margined with greyish-white; tail, greyish-brown, rounded at the end; bill, brown; irides, blackish-brown; legs and feet, light reddish-brown. Habitats: Australia and Tasmania. ied Site ? PE XLV: STUR SPI Whistling MCZ LIBRARY HARVARD UNIVER CAMBRIDGE. MA USA 5 4 (= BE ee lee OS Ey Ve GENUS POLIOAETUS (Kau). ee species of this genus inhabits Australia. POLIOAETUS LEUCOGASTER. WHITE-BELLIED SEA EAGLE. HE whole of the coast-line of Australia, as well as the islands adjacent, constitute the habitat of this bird, one of the finest of all the Eagle tribe. Notwithstanding its size, it seldom captures living prey, but feeds almost entirely on the fish which are left on the beach at low tide. It sometimes, however, captures Petrels and other marine birds. It is very bold and fearless in disposition, and although it is almost entirely extirpated where civilisation has set her seal, it may sometimes, though rarely, be seen in the neighbourhood of Sydney and other seaport towns. The top of a high tree, or, where there are none such, the surface of a large rock, is usually chosen as the site for the nest, which is constructed of sticks. The eggs, two in number, are in length two and three-quarter inches and in breadth one and a-quarter inch. They are buffy-white, spotted with reddish-brown. The sexes do not differ in plumage. The head, neck, and abdomen are light brownish-buff ; chest, white; primaries and base of the tail, blackish-brown; tip of the tail, light brown; wings and back, blackish-brown, each feather margined with grey; irides, red; bill, grey; legs and feet, yellowish-brown. Habitats: The Australian coast, and adjacent islands. LEAR ew. @ en's MCZ LIBRARY f Es 95 id >= Sui eo AUSA =: ag eee eet, eT VE GENUS AQUILA (B&risson). | eeu Australian representative of the great Golden Eagle is the Aquila Audaz. AO Uri A Aw Dr AX (CG. RF. -Gray). WEDGE-TAILED EAGLE. BB far the largest and finest of all the Australian raptorial birds is the Wedge-tailed Eagle, an inhabitant of the whole of the southern portion of Australia, and also of Tasmania and_ the adjacent small islands. It feeds on every kind of flesh, and displays marvellous strength in capturing animals and birds. Wallabies, small kangaroos, sheep, and other mammalia, as well as most of the larger kinds of birds, are all equally preyed upon. It also does not despise carrion, and it is a common occurrence in some parts to see from twenty to fifty perched on, or around the carcass of a dead bullock. The topmost branches of very high trees are chosen as a site on which to build their large nests of boughs and sticks. A single egg is laid, three inches long and two and a-half inches broad. The colour is light buff, with patches of pale purple and spots of yellowish-brown. The head, throat, under and upper surfaces, are brownish-black, the extremities marked, particularly on the wing-coverts, with reddish-brown; back of the neck, rusty-red; wing and _ tail- feathers, brownish-black, margined with grey ; irides, dark brown ; bill, horn-colour at the base, brown at the tips; feet, yellow; claws, black. Habitats: Southern part of Queensland, New South Wales, Victoria, South Australia, Western Australia, and Tasmania. EE, SEIN BD: ly \ ~~ ™ AS - © ap aD Te IA ‘1OA MCZ LipRaRy HARVARD UNIVERSITY - CAMBRIDGE. MA_USA | Aistrelata Mollis Aéstrelata Cooki Aistrelata Leucocephala Adamastor Cinerea ... Anous Leucocapillus ... Anous Melanops Anous Stolidus Anas Punctata Anas Superciliosa Anseranas Melanoleuca Ardetta Pusilla Ardea Nove-Hollandize Ardea Pacifica Ardea Sumatrana Ardea Cinerea Actitis Hypoleucos Acto-dromas Australis Ancylo-chilus Subarquatus Afgialites Monacha ... 4igialites Nigrifrons... A®gialophilus Ruficapillus Apteryx Owenii Apteryx Australis Aprosmictus Erythropterus ... Aprosmictus Scapulatus Aprosmictus Coccineopterus Acanthorhynchus Tenuirostris Acanthorhynchus Superciliosus Anto-cheera Inauris Anto-chera Carunculata Anellobia Lunulata ... Anellobia Mellivora ... Acanthogenys Rufigularis Ailurcedus Smithii Aidemosyne Modesta... AXigintha Temporalis ... Anthus Australis Acanthiza Pusilla Acanthiza Diemenensis Acanthiza Uropygialis Acanthiza Apicalis PLATE. XXVIIT. XXVIII. XXIX: XXX. XXXVIIT. XXXIX. XXXIX. LIT. XXIT. XXII. XXXII. X XXIII. XXXITI. XXXVITI. XX XESS. XXXIX. XLVI. 2GENAL XXV; XXV. XXVI. XXIV. 20: SIINE XXVIT. XXVILI. XXVIII. XXVIII. XXIX. XLII. aie THO VIL. XI. XI. XI. XII. a 4 |S so) wo wo ww ct bw bo bo Pee Pk ke PR F FR ww Ww w WwW Oo ct Ct cr cr ct Acanthiza Pyrrhopygia Acanthiza Inornata ... Acanthiza Nana Acanthiza Lineata Acanthiza Magna Atrichia Clamosa Atrichia Rufescens Amytis Striatus Amytis Textilis Amytis Macrourus Amaurodryas Vittata Arses Kaupi ... Artamus Minor Artamus Sordidus Artamus Albiventris... Artamus Cinereus Artamus Superciliosus Artamus Personatus... Artamus Leucopygialis Artamus Melanops Aleyone Azurea Alcyone Pusilla Aiigotheles Leucogaster AXigotheles Novie-Hollandize Astur Radiatus Astur Approximans ... Astur Cruentus Accipiter Torquatus Aquila Audax Bruchigavia Jamesonil Biziura Lobata Butoroides Macrorhyncha Butoroides Javanica ... Butoroides Flavicollis Botaurus Poiciloptilus Bathilda Ruficauda ... Baza Subcristata Chrysocoma Catarractes Casarea Tadornoides... Chlamydochen Jubata Cereopsis Nove-Hollandi xeVET: XXII. XXIII. ».O-G 1 UE XXX. XXXVII. xe XXIII. XXIIE. XXX VIT. XXXVII. XXXVI. XXXVITI. XLVIL. XLVIT. 2 GEN ADE XIV. ii, Chenopsis Atrata Cladorhynchus Pectoralis Charadrius Orientalis ... Cirrepidesmus Asiaticus Choriotis Australis Casuarius Australis Casuarius Uniappendiculatus ... Casuarius Bennetti Coturnix Pectoralis Chalcophaps Chrysochlora Calyptorhynchus Leachii Calyptorhynchus Banksii Calyptorhynchus Funereus Calyptorhynchus Xanthonotus Calyptorhynchus Macrorhynchus Calyptorhynchus Naso... Calyptorhynchus Baudinii Cacatua Galerita Cacatua Leadbeateri Cacatua Sanguinea Cacatua Eos Callocephalon Galeatum Cyclopsitta Coxenii Calopsitta Novee-Hollandix Centropus Phasianus ... Chrysococcyx Basalis ... Chrysococeyx Lucidus Chalcites Osculans Cuculus Canoroides Cacomantis Pallidus ... Cacomantis Flabelliformis Cacomantis Insperatus Cacomantis Castaneiventris ... Climacteris Melanura... Climacteris Leucophea Climacteris Rufa Climacteris Erythrops Climacteris Melanonota Climacteris Scandens... Craspedophora Magniftica Conophila Albigularis Canophila Rufigularis Corvus Australis Corcorax Melanorhamphus ... Chlamydodera Nuchalis Chlamydodera Maculata Chlamydodera Guttata PLATE, VA XXXV. XL. XL. XLV. AV Ly. XLVIII. XLIX. LI. XVI. x VALE XVIII. XIX. XX, XX. XXXVIII. XXXIX. XLVI. XLVIII. XLVIII. SEV ET, Vil. XXX. XXX. XXXIV. XXXV. XX XIX. XXXIX. XL. a we eS ROR RR tg ear eo ce INDEX Chlamydodera Cerviniventris Calornis Metallica Cinclosoma Punctatum Cinclosoma Castaneonotum ... Cinclosoma Cinnamoneum Cinclosoma Castaneothorax ... Calamoherpe Longirostris Calamoherpe Australis Cincloramphus Cruralis Cincloramphus Cantillans Chthonicola Sagittata Calamanthus Campestris Calamanthus Fuliginosus Cisticola Exilis Cisticola Lineocapilla... Cisticola Magna Cisticola Isura Cisticola Ruficeps Chibia Bracteata Colluricincla Harmonica Colluricincla Rufiventris Colluricinela Brunnea Colluricincla Parvula... Colluricincla Selbii Campephaga Humeralis Campephaga Jardinii Campephaga Karu Campephaga Leucomela Cracticus Nigrogularis Cracticus Picatus Cracticus Argenteus ... Cracticus Torquatus . Cracticus Quoyii Cyanalcyon Macleayi... Cheramoeca Leucosterna Cypselus Pacificus Cheetura Caudacuta ... Caprimulgus Macrurus Circus Assimilis Circus Jardinii Daption Capensis Diomedea Melanophrys Diomedea Chlororhynchos Diomedea Culminata... Diomedea Cauta Diomedea Exulans Dendrocygna Gouldi ... XLII. XLII. OV: XLVIII. GV LE XLVIIT. II. La IMB il. TV: XIII. D4 "fa Hid XVIII. XVIII. XXIII. XXXI. XXXI. XXVI. XXXII. XXXIV. XXXV. XXXVI. XXX VII. XLIX. or cs cy cr Gc Gc Gr or . ACTOS X GH. XLIII. XLIIL. XLITI. XLVI. XXII. XXII. XXX. XLVITII. 2OS AUT XXVIT. XXVII. XX VITI. POV: XXX. XXX. XVI. XIX. XIX. Y VoL. Cr 6 6 INDEX. Elanus Axillaris Elanus Scriptus Fregretta Melanogaster Fregretta Grallaria ... Fulica Australis Falcinellus Igneus Falcunculus Frontatus Falcunculus Leucogaster Falco Hypoleucus Faleo Lunulatus Falco Melanogenys Falco Subniger Gygis Candida Gelochelidon Macrotarsa xallinula Tenebrosa ... Gallinula Ruficrissa ... Grus Australasianus... Geronticus Spinicollis Gallinago Australis ... Glottis Glottoides Glareola Orientalis Glareola Grallaria Geopelia Tranquilla ... Geophaps Scripta Geophaps Smithii Geopsittacus Occidentalis Glyciphila Fulvifrons Glyciphila Albifrons... Glyciphila Fasciata ... Geobasileus Reguloides Geobasileus Chrysorrhous Gerygone Chloronotus Gerygone Laevigaster Gerygone Fusca Gerygone Albogularis Gerygone Culicivora... Gerygone Magnirostris Gerygone Personata ... Grallina Picata Graucalus Melanops ... Graucalus Parvirostris Graucalus Hypoleucus Graucalus Mentalis ... Graucalus Swainsonii Gymnorhina Organicum Gymnorhina Leuconota Gymnorhina Tibicen... PLATE. XX XIII. XX XIII. XXVI. XLVILI. XLVI. ONY. XXVI. XXIX, XXXII. XXXVI. XXX VIL. VIL. XIII. XXXII. XXXIT. XXXII. XXXITI. XXXII. XXXII. XX XT: XG ELE XLIX. X LIX. Gypoictinia Melanosternon ... Haladroma Urinatrix Halobena Ceerulea Hydrochelidon Leucopareia ... Hypotenidia Philippensis Herodias Picata Herodias Melanopus... Herodias Asha Herodias Egrettoides Herodias Alba Himantopus Nove-Zelandiz... Tlimantopus Leucocephalus ... Hematopus Longirostris Hematopus Fuliginosus Hylacola Pyrrhopygia Hylacola Cauta Hirundo Frontalis Hylochelidon Nigricans Hieracoglaux Strenuus Hieracoglaux Rufus ... Hieracoglaux Connivens Hieracidea Occidentalis Hieracidea Berigora ... Haliastur Leucosternus Haliastur Sphenurus... Hierattus Morphnoides Larus Pacificus Limnocinelus Acuminatus Limosa Uropygialis ... Limosa Melanuroides... Lobivanellus Personatus Lobivanellus Lobatus Leipoa Ocellata Leucomelana Norfolciensis Lopholaimus Antarcticus Lamprotreron Superba Lophophaps Plumifera Lophophaps Leucogaster Lophophaps Ferruginea Leucosarcia Picata Licmetis Nasicus Lathamus Discolor Lichnotentha Picata ... Lichmera Australasiana Lagenoplastes Ariel ... Leucospiza Raii Leucospiza Nove-Hollandiz... PLATE, XXXV, XIX, XXVI. XLI. IX. XVII, XIX. XIX. Xx, xx, XXXVI. XXXVI. XLII. XLII. XVII. XVIL XVII. XVI. XXIV. XXIV. XXVI. XXXIX. XXXIX. XLITI. XLIV. XLVI. XLVIL XX XIII. XXXIV. XXXIV. XLIL. XLIL LVIL. TIL. TL XXI. XXXVIITI. XIX. XXXI. XeVsLT. XXXVI. XXXVI. Deh: 2 www bo ow wow www wo WwW (or or oT LL ol INDEX. Majaqueus Conspicillatus Malacorhynechus Membranaceus Megapodius Tumulus... Macropygia Phasianella Megaloprepia Magnifica Megaloprepia Assimilis Myristicivora Spilorrhoa Microglossum Aterrimum Melopsittacus Undulatus Melithreptus Valdirostris Melithreptus Gularis... Melithreptus Lunulatus Melithreptus Chloropsis Melithreptus Albogularis Melithreptus Melanocephalus Myzantha Garrula Myzantha Obscura Myzantha Lutea Myzantha Flavigula ... Manorhina Melanophrys Meliphaga Phrygia ... Myzomela Sanguinolenta Myzomela Erythrocephala Myzomela Pectoralis... Myzomela Obscura Myzomela Nigra Meliornis Sericea Meliornis Mystacalis... Meliornis Longirostris Meliornis Nove-Hollandix ... Mimeta Viridis Mimeta Flavocincta ... Merula Poliocephala... Merula Vinitincta Munia Flaviprymna ... Mirafra Horsfieldii Malurus Coronatus ... Malurus Amabilis Malurus Longicaudus Malurus Melanocephalus Malurus Elegans Malurus Cyaneus Malurus Melanotus ... Malurus Splendens Malurus Pulcherrimus Malurus Cruentatus ... Malurus Lamberti OG0Ne XXL Coan OGNE XXIV. POCGP Oe Ge XX KL eG-© Gilh DOS Crane PG:6. Oil Kale XLVIL. PL velae Vv. Male ERG ro.e Malurus Leucopterus Malurus Hypoleucus... Malurus Callainus Malurus Leuconotus ... Menura Superba Menura Alberti Melanodryas Cucullata Monarcha Carinata ... Monarcha Trivirgata Monarcha Leucotis Monarcha Albiventris Micreca Assimilis Micreeca Fascinans Micreca Flavigaster ... Myriaga Plumbea Myriaga Concinna Myriaga Nitida Myriaga Latirostris ... Macherirhynchus Flaviventer Manucodia Gouldii Merops Ornatus Milvus Affinis Milvus Isurus Nectris Carneipes Nectris Brevicaudus ... Nyroca Australis Nettapus Pulchellus ... Nettapus Albipennis .. Notornis Mantelli Nycticorax Caledonicus Numenius Europygialis Numenius Minor Numenius Cyanopus ... Nestor Notabilis Nestor Hypopolius Nestor Esslingii Nestor Productus Nasiterna Pusio Nectarinia Australis ... Neomorpha Gouldii Neochmia Phaeton Oceanites Oceanica Ossifraga Gigantea Onychoprion Fuliginosa Onychoprion Panayensis Ochthodromus Inornatus Ochthodromus Bicinctus PLATE. NOL, SORE O08 moe XV. Xvi SOUL XXXIV. EXO LVS ROM KV: XXXIV. RMN: OCOE SEXORVE VRS VL Oe Gran SOON. OS OOMEL, RACY TL aby, XVI. XXL ROK LV: MKEVe eve hin TIT III. VL. XVI. XXVII. XVI XOX VLE NCI MEU SOTO XXIV. OOO Ail cae KOKO V: IIL. ».@.a8 XXVIL. xalig ah, COG iN0e RONOKSIENG INDEX, to bo (Edicnemus Grallarius Ocyphaps Lophotes Orthonyx Spinicaudus Orthonyx Spaldingi - Oreocincla Lunulata ... Origma Rubricata Oreoica Cristata Podiceps Gularis Podiceps Nestor Podiceps Australis Pheton Pheenicurus ... Plotus Nove-Hollandiz Phalacrocorax Punctatus Phalacrocorax Stictocephalus Phalacrocorax Melanoleucus Phalacrocorax Leucogaster ... Phalacrocorax Varius Phalacrocorax Novie-Hollandiz Pelecanus Conspicillatus Pelagodroma Fregata Procellaria Nereis Prion Vittatus Prion Turtur ... Puffinus Nugax Pheebetria Fuliginosa Procelsterna Albivitta Porzana Tabuensis Porzana Palustris Porzana Fluminea Parra Gallinacea Porphyrio Melanotus Porphyrio Bellus Platalea Regia Platibis Flavipes Pedionomus Torquatus Ptilonopus Swainsonii Ptilonopus Ewingii Phaps Chalcoptera Phaps Elegans Phaps Histrionica Petrophassa Albipennis Platycercus Cyanogenys Platycercus Barnardi Platycercus Pennatii Platycercus Adelaidensis Platycercus Palliceps Platycercus Icterotis... 2. GUL. ».G ONE XIV. XV. XVI. SOWA UE XeVEIINE XOX, XXII. XXII. XXL. XXY. XOX XM, XXXVIIL. eval Wank VII. XI. XII. UU XXV. XXYV. LIV. IV. Ve Wu, ViLEE: XT. xe XXXVI. XXVI. XXVIT. XOCVEL XOXOVALITE SOOO we 1eN) vi. INDEX, Phare. VoL. PLAIE. Vou. Platycercus Ignitus ... - A XXIX. lee Ptilonorhynchus Rawnsleyi ... bite XL, 4 Platycereus Eximius... or xd XXIX. 3 Ptilonorhynchus Holosericeus ak XLI. 4 Platycercus Flaveolus is + XXX, 3 Pitta Mackloti ia a ve XLV. 4 Platycerecus Flaviventris ... iS XXX. 3 Pitta [ris os me re Ave XLV. 4 Piatycereus Zonarius... A, cg XXXI. 3 Pitta Vigorsi ... sy ane ec XLVI. 4 Platycercus Semi-Torquatus... hi XXXI. 3 Pitta Strepitans * 4 wat XLVI. 4 Platycercus Pileatus ... ae a XXXII. 3 Poéphila Mirabilis I 5 Platycereus Brownii ... bs ea XXXII. 3 Poéphila Personata I 5. Platycereus Splendidus ¥e is XXXITI. 3 Poéphila Acuticauda... ok oe I. 5 Platycercus Mastersianus —... ve XXXII. ye] Poéphila Cincta i 5 Platycereus Spurius ... a ‘a. pedis egte Poéphila Leucotis - I 5 Platycercus Auriceps... af on MALY, ieee Poéphila Gouldiwe — ... oa a Lt. 5 Polytelis Barrabandi... me at Mey. sti Ptencedus Rufescens ... cs Sy Vil 5 Polytelis Melanura ... a - XR, mone) Pyrrholemus Brunneus ae Fc ‘ TX. 5 Polytelis Alexandre ... aA 3 XXXV. eA Pycnoptilus Floccosus ate a OVALE, 5 Psephotus Chrysopterygius ... XXXV. 3 Psophodes Nigrogularis a3 ae XXIV. 5 Psephotus Xanthorrhous _... os, Soe Kev, 3 Psophodes Crepitans ... oe se XXIV. 5. Psephotus Hiematogaster ... - p-@.. 408 3 Peecilodryas Cerviniventris ... Et pO. Ab. € 5 Psephotus Pulcherrimus con a PB GB 3 Pecilodryas Superciliosa ... ae XXXL 5 Psephotus Multicolor... as ‘och Meaney 3 Petroica Goodenovii ... ra aed - XXIX. ee Psephotus Hematonotus _... cag EZ 3 Petroica Phenicia ... es Af XXIX. Pe, Pezoporus Formosa ... fe ao XLIV. 3 | Petroica Multicolor ... “i Py XXX. 5 Ptilorhis Paradisea ... of o Vale 4 | Petroica Erythrogastra ax es XXX. Seri gaad Ptilorhis Victorie er mei VIL. 4 Piezorhynchus Nitidus a av Oe VETO rege) Ptilotis Filigera a: fe wa ADV 4 Pachycephala Gutturalis —... 44 XLII. 5 Ptilotis Fasciogularis... ee ane XIV. 4 Pachycephala Glaucura ad 53 XLII. ae a Ptilotis Versicolor ... “se hs XV. 4 Pachycephala Melanura me dis XLII. 9) Ptilotis Leucotis 58 ee ad: XV. 1 Pachycephala Rufiventris ... sa DIEING. ae ic Ptilotis Flavigula... — fe a, 4 Pachycephala Falcata ait aH LIV.) Via oe Ptilotis Cratitia = oe - XVI. 4 Pachycephala Gilberti ee a SL DVi tae ee oe ee Ptilotis Ornata re se ah x VIe 4 Pachycephala Olivacea ge Pete BY. ee) Ptilotis Auricomis ... Fi. is XVI. 4 Pachycephala Simplex Red i ALY: Sex) SD Ptilotis Flavescens_... = vas a Vile 4 Pachycephala Rufogularis ... + XLV. 5 Ptilotis Plumula one ms he XAVAUIE 4 | Pachycephala Lanoides oa ee XLVI. 5 Ptilotis Cockerelli —... af Le SVL 1 | Pteropodocys Phasianella ... us aie 6 Ptilotis Flava... as Sd tates XVIII. 4 Pardalotus Punctatus a et Vili: 6 Ptilotis Penicillata ... = Oe SVL 4 Pardalotus Rubricatus ah af Velelete 6 Ptilotis Fusea... hs a ee XVIII. 4 Pardalotus Uropygialis ie ee Valle 6 Ptilotis Cassidix oat ie +h SOV: 4 Pardalotus Quadragintus ... a IX. 6 Ptilotis Chrysops _... 3 at XIX. 4 Pardalotus Striatus ... des Fe IX. 6 Ptilotis Lewinii P a ae Tex. 4 Pardalotus Melanocephalus ... 43: IX. 6. Ptilotis Sonora i . NEXE 4 Pardalotus Affinis ... ath ay 1@.€ 6 Plectorhyncha Lanceolata ... re XXIX. 4 Pardalotus manthophy pis ake je IX. 6 Pomatostomus Ruficeps ie is XXXII. 4 | Podargus Strigoides ... ae As xX. 6 Pomatostomus Temporalis ... 3 XX XITI. + | Podargus Plumiferus... Be at XX. 6 Pomatostomus Rubeculus ... A XXXII. 4 | Podargus Cuvieri_.... zs oaks p. ©. Ip 6 Pomatostomus Superciliosus... a XXXIII. 4 | Podargus Marmoratus eh, Lee XXI. 6. Podargus Phalenoides Podargus Papuensis ... Pandion Leucocephalus Polioaétus Leucogaster Rallina Tricolor Rallus Brachipus Rhyncheea Australis ... Recurvirostra Rubricollis Rhipidura Albiscapa ... Rhipidura Rufifrons ... Rhipidura Isura Sula Piscator ... Sula Fiber Sula Cyanops ... Sula Australis Sternula Nereis Sterna Melanauchen... Sterna Melanorhyncha Sterna Gracilis Sylochelidon Caspia ... Stercorarius Catarrhactes Spatula Variegata Spatula Rhynchotis ... Stictonetta Nzevosa Strepsilas Interpres ... Squatarola Helvetica Sarciophorus Pectoralis Synoicus Australis Synoicus Diemenensis Synoicus Sordidus Stictopelia Cuneata ... Strigops Habroptilus Scythrops Nove-Hollandiz ... Sittella Pileata Sittella Leucoptera Sittella Leucocephala Sittella Chrysoptera ... Sittella Striata Stomiopera Unicolor... Stigmatops Ocularis ... Struthidea Cinerea Sericulus Melinus Sphecotheres Maxillaris Sphecotheres Flaviventris Stagonopleura Guttata Stictoptera Bichenovii Stictoptera Annulosa PLATE. XXIT. LOGUE XLII. XLV. 1Ds€ IX. XXIX. XXXV. XXXIX. XXXIX. KXXIX. XXXII. XI. XLI. LI. LIl. LII. W008 XLV. XLVIT. TOME IHU ae TIL. INGE WOODS. XX. XXXVI. XXXVI. XXXVIT. XXX VIL: If. IVE 1 PP PR eR eR ee Rk PR e RH © OD or Ct oO INDEX. Sphenceacus Galactotes Sphenceacus Gramineus Sericornis Osculans ... Sericornis Citreogularis Sericornis Humilis Sericornis Frontalis ... Sericornis Levigaster Sericornis Magnirostris Sericornis Maculatus Sphenura Broadbenti_ Sphenura Brachyptera Sphenura Longirostris Stipiturus Malachurus | Sphenostoma Cristatum Smicrornis Brevirostris Smicrornis Flayescens Seisura Inquieta Sauloprocta Motacilloides Strepera Fuliginosa ... Strepera Graculina Strepera Anaphonensis Strepera Arguta Syma Flavirostris Spiloglaux Boobook ... Spiloglaux Maculatus Sceloglaux Albifacies Strix Nove-Hollandiz Strix Castanops Strix Candida Strix Tenebricosus Strix Delicatulus Tachyptes Minor Thalassoica Glacialoides Thiellus Sphenurus Thalasseus Cristatus... Thalasseus Poliocercus Thalasseus Bengalensis Tadorna Radjah Tribonyx Mortierii Tribonyx Ventralis ... Threskiornis Strictipennis Totanus Stagnatilis ... Totanus Griseopygius Terekia Cinerea Tringa Crassirostris Turnix Pyrrhothorax Turnix Velox... XO SOWA XIX. 2IDK XXII. XEXGEV XXXII. XX XIT. XXX VIII. XXXVIIT. Vale VIL elles XXV. Keays XOCVE XXVIT XXVII. XXVIIL ODS XRG iG OID OKT XLV. XLV. LVI ite Sa xh: SOV OG 0.0% ROCK OO-GiL maar LIII. bo bo viii. INDEX. PLate. Vou. Puare, - Vou. Turnix Scintillans ... a a Vis MNT K. Tweniopygia Castanotis eh iy » ND 5 Turnix Melanotus ... a) = LIV. dant eel Todirhamphus Sanctus vai ae p.¢ Ie 6 Turnix Castanotus ... oo nh LV. sip) Todirhamphus Pyrrhopygius fe XII. 6 Turnix Melanogaster oe << LV. vs ape Todirhamphus Sordidus __... a ATI. 6 Turnix Varius Me = are LV. (ark Tanysiptera Sylvia... a A XIV. 6 Talegallus Lathami ... oe “ss LVIII. Ny ee Tinnunculus Cenchroides ... ise b,@.D. 41 10 6. Trichoglossus Versicolor ... yi XXXIX. 3 Xenorhynchus Australis... be XXIII. 2 Trichoglossus Porphyrocephalus _... AXAIX. 3 Xerophila Leucopsis ... Fe tay IX. 5 Trichoglossus Multicolor —... if XL. 3 Zosterops Ceerulescens fe oa VILL 4 Trichoglossus Rubritorquis ... XL. 3 Zosterops Luteus ... ik a AAI i 1 Trichoglossus Pusillus “3 rs X LI. 3 Zosterops Gouldi fut ah EL: | 4 Trichoglossus Concinnus _... i XLI 3 Zosterops Tephropleurus —... a VIII. 4 Trichoglossus Chlorolepidotus 4 XLI. 3 Zosterops Albogularis < ar IX. 4° Tropidorhynehus Corniculatus Ss WXXV. I | Zosterops Tenuirostris aft a Toke 4 Tropidorhynchus Argenticeps Ras XXV. 4 Zosterops Strenuus ... ace iy, 1D. 4 Tropidorhynechus Citreogularis oh XXXVI. 4 Zoneginthus Oculeus meh ‘nt ETE 5 Tropidorhynchus Buceroides... ‘ Ne Vals 4 | Zoneginthus Bellus ... 1o: rh, IME 5 Puarz. Vou. PLATE. Vou. Albatross, Sooty “a = = XXXII. 1] | Bittern, Thick-billed Mangrove... BS A eam Albatross, Black-eyebrowed... < XAXITI. x3! | Bittern, Little Mangrove ... Ge Des, ihe =e Albatross, Yellow-billed - Rex EXO LVE ] | Bittern, Yellow-necked ine ane XV. sn Ee, Albatross, Culminated 45 — XXKYV. ] Bittern, Australian ... Bee AS XVII. 2 Albatross, Shy hs oe = XXXVI. ] | Bustard, Australian ... er Ete XLV. 2 Albatross, Wandering oi sean We GEL he | BelEbirdy” 42. a oot ee XIIT. 4 Avocet, Red-necked ... mee a XXXV. he'd pare Bower-bird, Great... A var NODE 4 Apteryx, Owen’s... a oe XLVI. i Bower-bird, Spotted ... ee fe XX XIX. 4 Acanthiza, Little Brown... 52 XI. a Att) Bower-bird, Rawnsley’s se Ras XL. = 4 Acanthiza, Tasmanian ne oe AU Pres Bower-bird, Guttated ae abe XL. 4 Acanthiza, Chestnut-rumped ae xe ee 233, Bower-bird, Satin... — es XLI. 4 Acanthiza, Western ... sos th XI. oD Bower-bird, Fawn-breasted ... a b.U NE 4 Acanthiza, Red-rumped a A xe 5 | Blackbird, Grey-headed noe Hee XLVII. 4 Acanthiza, Plain-coloured ... Ph evalu: oy oat) | Blackbird, Vinous-tinted ... sop XLVII. 4 Acanthiza, Little ... PED ae 28000, 5 i Bristle-bird ... bo? he oe XIX. 5 Acanthiza, Striated ... XIII 5 Bristle-bird, Rufous-headed... S XVITLI. 5 Acanthiza, Great... “at ae XIII. 5 | Bristle-bird, Long-billed foe ie XIX. 5 Bittern, Minute oe. ns ee DaTVe 2 Butcher-bird ... $3 bce a G0 6 Bee-eater, Australian Buzzard, Black-breasted Cormorant, Spotted ... Cormorant, Little Black Cormorant, Little Cormorant, White-breasted ... Cormorant, Pied Cormorant, Australian Crake, Tabuan Water Crake, Little Water Crake, White-eyebrowed Water Crake, Spotted Water Coot, Australian Curlew, Australian ... Cassowary, Australian ena One-carunculated Cockatoo, Great Palm Cockatoo, Leach’s Cockatoo, Banksian ... Cockatoo, Funereal ... Cockatoo, Yellow-eared Black Cockatoo, Great-billed Black ~ Cockatoo, Western Black Cockatoo, Baudin’s Cockatoo, Great Sulphur-crested Cockatoo, Leadbeater’s Cockatoo, Bloodstained Cockatoo, Rose-breasted Cockatoo, Gang-Gang Cockatoo, Long-billed Coucal, Pheasant Channel-bill Cuckoo, Narrow-billed Bronze Cuckoo, Bronze Cuckoo, Black-eared... Cuckoo, Australian ... Cuckoo, Pallid Cuckoo, Fan-tailed Cuckoo, Brush Cuckoo, Chestnut-breasted ... Crow, White-eyed Corcorax, White-winged Calornis, Shining Cat-bird Cinclosoma, Cinnamon-coloured Cincloramphus, Rufous-tinted Cincloramphus, Brown oS POV: xeI VEEL: SV EL. Sol Sale GINe XIV. Sle a KV, SE XVII. XVIIL Rade 2-OX I: XLVI. 2 LANE CVE XLVIII. XLVIIL. 1 XXXIV. XXXYV. XL. XL. XLIV. Well Walle So Be Be Se Se ee HE Qos SUES Se INS Roo PS) NSD Eo bo Wee Sy Sey ASE SE. SE SC (SG RH HS SS SS Picol Col ee) co. Oa Col ah Gon con tem ce Or OU e INDEX. Cincloramphus, Black-breasted Chthonicola, Little Calamanthus, Field ... Calamanthus, Striated Coach-whip Bird . Campephaga, White-shouldered Campephaga, Jardine’s Campephaga, Northern Campephaga, Black and White Diver ... Darter, New Holland Duck, Musk ... Duck, Whistling Tree Duck, Hyton’s Tree ... Duck, Pink-eyed Duck, Blue-billed Duck, White-eyed Duck, Freckled Duck, Australian Wild Dottrel, Allied Dottrel, Hooded Dottrel, Red-kneed ... Dottrel, Red-capped ... Dottrel, Black-fronted Dottrel, Double-banded Dottrel, Asiatic Dottrel, Australian Dove, Barred-shouldered Dove, Peaceful Dove, Little Turtle ... Diceum, Swallow Drongo-Shrike, Spangled Diamond-bird, Spotted Diamond-bird, Red-lered Diamond-bird, Yellow-rumped Diamond-bird, Forty-spotted Diamond-bird, Striated Diamond-bird, Black-headed... Diamond-bird, Allied Egret, Pied Egret, Spotless Egret, Sombre Egret, Plumed Egret, Australian Emu Ephthianura, Tricoloured Ephthianura, Orange-fronted PLATE. Vite ViIlE VAI VID XXIV. XLV II. XLVIITI. XLVIII. XLVITII. XI. XLVIILI. XLIX. XLIX. XXX VIIT. XXXVITI. XXXVIII. XXXIX. XX XIX. XX XIX. Ephthianura, White-fronted Eagle, White-breasted Sea ... Eagle, Whistling Eagle, White-bellied Sea Eagle, Little ... Eagle, Wedge-tailed ... Frigate-bird, Small Friar-bird Friar-bird, Silvery-crowned ... Friar-bird, Yellow-throated ... Friar-bird, Helmeted Finch, Chestnut-breasted Finch, White-breasted Finch, Yellow-rumped Finch, Painted Finch, Beautiful Grass Finch, Masked Grass Finch, Long-tailed Grass Finch, Banded Grass Finch, White-eared Grass ... Finch, Gouldian Grass Finch, Plain-coloured Finch, Spotted-sided... Finch, Chestnut-eared Finch, Red-eared Finch, Red-eyebrowed Finch, Fire-tailed Finch, Crimson Fineh, Bicheno’s Finch, Black-rumped... Finch, Red-tailed Fly-catcher, Carinated Fly-catcher, Black-fronted Fly-catcher, White-eared Fly-catcher, White-bellied Fly-catcher, Allied Fly-catcher, Brown ... Fly-catcher, Yellow-bellied ... Fly-catcher, Leaden-coloured Fly-catcher, Pretty Fly-catcher, Shining ... Fly-catcher, Broad-billed Fly-catcher, Yellow-breasted... Fly-catcher, Kaup’s ... Fly-catcher, Restless... Flycatcher, Shining ... Fantail, Black XLITI. XLIV. XLV. XLVI. 4 AA te X. XXV., XXV, SSVI, XXVI. XLVIII. XLITI. XLVIII. XLVIII iT, 1 Es ie iG {00 Te ie 119 1G JY Vs. XXXIV. XXXIV. XXXTV. XXXIV. XXXV. XXXV. XXXV. XXXVI. XXXVI. XXXVI. XXXVITI. XXXVII. XXXVII. XXX VIII. XXXVITI. XXXVIII. ‘ I li T I I ao acnTrnkrnaagq»gaedg®w;a GG GO ee» > Fy FE FEF Ff Ff KF SD CG or INDEX Fantail, White-shafted Fantail, Rufous-fronted Fantail, Northern Falcon, Black... Falcon, Grey ... Faleon, White-fronted Falcon, Black-cheeked Grebe, Black-throated Grebe, Hoary-headed Gannet, Red-legged ... Gannet, Brown Gannet, Masked Gannet, Australian ... Gull, sPaciuie 6. Gull, Silver Goose, Green Pygmy Goose, White-quilled Pygmy Goose, Maned | Goose, Semi-palmated Goose, Cereopsis Gallinule, Sombre Gallinule, Rufous Greenshank Godwit, Barred-rumped Godwit, Black-tailed... Grass-bird, Tawny Grass-bird, Little Geobasileus, Buffrumped Geobasileus, Yellow-rumped... Grass-warbler, Exile... Grass-warbler, Lineated Grass-warbler, Great... Grass-warbler, Square-tailed... Grass-warbler, Rufous-headed Gerygone, Green-backed Gerygone, Buff-breasted Gerygone, Brown Gerygone, White-throated Gerygone, Western ... Gerygone, Great-billed Gerygone, Masked Grallina, Pied Graucalus, Black-faced Graucalus, Tasmanian Graucalus, White-bellied Graucalus, Varied Graucalus, Ground PLATE. XXXIX. XXXIX, XXXIX. XLI. AL eV ele XXXII. XXXII. XXXII. XXXII. XXXITI. XXXITI. XXXII. XLVI. XLIX, XLIX. L L. i ists! tout.G be ee be pS Boe SG eee ecg to bo Sr sor St Ou cy Ov Or or Or Ou Sr oie Stas Cm Ouse Cite Coote St Ou si = Or — Graucalus, Swainson’s Goshawk, New Holland Goshawk, White Goshawk, Radiated . Goshawk, Australian... Goshawk, West Australian... Heron, Nankeen Night Heron, Blue Reef Heron, White Reef ... Heron, White-fronted Heron, Pacific Heron, Great-billed ... Heron, Common Honey-eater, Honey-eater, Honey-eater, Honey-eater, Honey-eater, Honey-eater, . Honey-eater, Honey-eater, Honey-eater, Honey-eater, Honey-eater, Honey-eater, Honey-eater, Honey-eater, Honey-eater, Honey-eater, Honey-eater, Honey-eater, Honey-eater, Honey-eater, Honey-eater, Honey-eater, Honey-eater, Honey-eater, Honey-eater, Honey-eater, Honey-eater, Honey-eater, Honey-eater, . Honey-eater, Honey-eater, Honey-eater, Honey-eater, Honey-eater, Strong-billed ... Black-throated Lunulated Swan River White-throated Black-headed ... Garrulous Sombre... Luteous Streaked Fasciated Varied ... White-eared Yellow-throated W attle-cheeked Yellow-tufted ... Uniform-coloured Yellow-tinted ... Cockerell’s Yellow... White-plumed... Fuscous Helmeted Yellow-faced ... Warty-faced Pied Lewin’s Singing Brown ... Fulvous-fronted White-fronted... Fasciated Blue-faced White-quilled ... XXXVI. XXXVI. XXX VIT. XXXVII. XXXVITI. .@.4 NE 9-O-OUE Xx. XV. XVI. XVI. XVIL XVII. XVIL. SVE XVIt. XVIII. XVIII. XIX. G. {Co ee OS) bo tw) bo ee ie ee eR RS RO ER RE OE Ee HE eee PSS SS RS RQ SS PRS es INDEX. Honey-eater, Sanguineous Honey-eater, Red-headed Honey-eater, Banded Honey-eater, Obscure Honey-eater, Black ... Honey-eater, Wattled Honey-eater, Spiny-cheeked... Honey-eater, Lanceolate Honey-eater, White-throated Honey-eater, Red-throated ... Honey-eater, Painted Honey-eater, White-cheeked... Honey-eater, Moustached Honey-eater, Tasmanian Honey-eater, New Holland... Honey-eater, Long-billed Huia Hylacola, Red-rumped Hylacola, Cautious Harrier, Allied Harrier, Jardine’s Hawk, Crested Hawk, Brown Hawk, Western Brown Ibis, Straw-necked Ibis, White Ibis, Glossy Jabiru, Australian Jackass, Laughing Kiwi Kiwi Kakapo Koel, Australian Kingfisher, Azure Kingfisher, Sacred Kingfisher, Red-backed Kingfisher, Little Kingfisher, Sordid Kingfisher, MacLeay’s Kingfisher, Yellow-billed Kingfisher, White-tailed Kingfisher, Fawn-breasted ... Kingfisher, Leach’s ... Kestrel, Nankeen Kite, Black-shouldered Kite, Letter-winged ... Kite, Allied ... Kite, Square-tailed PLATE. >: Ts Xi oe XAT 0-408 OT Ve KX VEL DO. 0 B.G XXX 6.9: KK KOKeKS XXL 09.6.4 OO. OO Ae 0-0-0005 OO Xovabe CVE XXRE KONO NOEXUL D:0:0:4D:& ©: OA DS ‘XXVI. SOMIVA: REXALL Me.®-4 00% XIV. XLVI. XLV, eXeloNale XXXIV. ke Pk FE ke Le Le ke LE HE es Or a fo OD SD SD ko bo xii. Lorikeet Lorikeet, Swift Lorikeet, Varied Lorikeet, Porphyry-crowned Lorikeet, Blue-bellied Lorikeet, Red-collared Lorikeet, Little Lorikeet, Musk Lorikeet, Scaly-breasted Lark, Horsfield’s Bush Lyre-bird Lyre-bird, Prince Albert’s ... Moho ... Mooruk Megapode, Australian Miner, Yellow-throated Manucode, Gould’s Magpie, Black Martin, Fairy Noddy, White-capped Noddy, Grey ... Noddy, Lesser Native Companion Night-jar, Spotted Night-jar, White-throated Night-jar, Owlet Night-jar, White-bellied Owlet Night-jar, Large-tailed Oyster-catcher, White-breasted Oyster-catcher, Sooty Orthonyx, Spine-tailed Orthonyx, Spalding’s Oriole, New South Wales ... Oriole, Crescent Marked Oreoica, Crested Owl, Great, of the Brushes... Owl, Rufous ... Owl, Boobook, Owl, Spotted ... Owl, Winking Owl, Chestnut-faced ... Owl, Masked ... Owl, Grass Owl, Sooty Owl, Delicate... Dapiay, White-headed Penguin Little PLATY. XXXVIII. XXXVIIL. POO Ub. a yO 0.4 3 Vi XXV. XXVI. byeds XLIX., LVI. XIV. XL. "hits AVL. XXX VITI. XXXVITI. XXXIX. XXIV. XIX. XIX. XXIII. XX IMM, SX Xb bain IV. IV. XEX VILE XXXVIII. 9-0 O45" MeV. > O'e RAW. KouVI, »-0.@'408 & Or lo Lo bo bo bo bo wo bo bo ~~ Pe Pe Pe bo or Xiv. Reed-warbler, Long-billed Red-throat Rock-Warbler Robin, Yellow-breasted Robin, Grey-breasted Robin, Large-headed Robin, White-bellied Robin, White-tailed ... Robin, Eastern Scrub Robin, Serub... Robin, Buft-sided Robin, Red-capped Robin, Flame-breasted Robin, Scarlet-breasted tobin, Norfolk Island Robin, Rose-breasted Wood Robin, Pink-breasted Wood Robin, White-eyebrowed Robin, Dusky Robin, Hooded Roller, Australian Skua, Great ... Shoveller, Variegated Shoveller, Australian Shiedrake, Chestnut-colored... Shiedrake, Radjah Swan, Black ... Spoonbill, Royal Spoonbill, Yellow-legged Snipe, New Holland... Sandpiper, Marsh Sandpiper, Grey-rumped Sandpiper, Common ... Sandpiper, Terek Sandpiper, Great Sandpiper, Little Sandpiper, Curlew Stilt, Banded... Stilt, New Zealand ... Stilt, White-headed ... Sittella, Black-capped Sittella, White-winged Sittella, White-headed Sittella, Orange-winged Sittella, Striated Sun-bird, Australian... Spine-bill PLATE. WA TX. IX. SV ble XXVII. XXVIT. XXVIII. XXVIIT. XXVIII. XXVIII. XXIX. XXIX. XXIX. XXX. XXX. XXX. XXX. XXXII. XXXT, XXXI. ZV XLVI. LI. LI. Te LT, Whe p.@.4'h XXYV. XXIX. XXX. XXX. XXXII. XXXII. XXXII. XXXII. XXXII. XXXV. XXXVI. XXXVI. TOO 1 Bf III. 1 Hota XI. XXIV. VoL. co oo oo aoaawn1anan&#ena a ca Cc ou or bo wo bv RSS IRO) SNS DES Nhe he BSS wo b&b ~~ Pr Pe PP Pk F SP DO _ — —_ oO ib) | ou ou INDEX, Spine-bill, White-eyebrowed... Struthidea, Grey Sphecotheres, Southern Sphecotheres, Northern Sericornis, Sericornis, Sericornis, Sericornis, Sericornis, Sericornis, Sericornis, Serub-bird, Scrub-bird, Allied Yellow-throated ... Sombre-coloured ... White-fronted Butl-breasted Large-billed Spotted Noisy Rufescent Superb Warbler, Crowned ... Superb Warbler, Lovely Superb Warbler, Long-tailed Superb Warbler, Black-headed Superb Warbler, Graceful ... Superb Warbler Superb Warbler, Black-backed Superb Warbler, Banded Superb Warbler, Blue-breasted Superb Warbler, Brown’s Superb Warbler, Lambert’s... Superb Warbler, White-winged Superb Warbler, Fawn-breasted Superb Warbler, Turquoisine Superb Warbler, White-backed Smicrornis, Short-billed Smicrornis, Yellow-tinted Shrike-thrush, Harmonious ... Shrike-thrush, Buff-bellied Shrike-thrush, Brown Shrike-thrush, Little Shrike-thrush, Selby’s Shrike-tit, Frontal Shrike-tit, White-bellied Shrike, Black-throated Crow- Shrike, Pied Crow- ... Shrike, Silvery-backed Crow- ‘Shrike, Qnoy’s Crow- Shrike, Tasmanian Crow- Shrike, White-backed Crow- Shrike, Piping Crow- Shrike, Pied Crow- ... Shrike, Grey Crow Shrike, Hill Crow- ... PLATE. XXIV. XXXVI. XXXVII. XXXVII. XIV. ba 2. Bi aV. pa Vs Pe AQnanaeareereunrgaa Von nagedw & >» >» SB oe ot gt > SS) Sh) ) oO or ot oO A > 2 Oo So a ot Swallow, Little Wood Swallow, Wood Swallow, White-vented Wood Swallow, Grey-breasted Wood Swallow, White-eyebrowed Wood ... Swallow, Masked Wood Swallow, White-rumped Wood Swallow, Black-faced Wood... Swallow, Welcome Swallow, Tree Swallow, White-breasted Swift, Australian Swift, Spine-tailed Sparrow Hawk, Collared Tropic bird, Red-tailed Tern, Noddy ... Tern, Sooty Tern, Panayan Tern, Marsh ... Tern, White ... Tern, Little Tern, Black-naped Tern, Southern Tern, Graceful Tern, Long-legged Tern, Caspian Tern, Torres’ Straits’ Tern, Bass’ Straits’ :.. Tern, Indian ... Teal, Australian Tribonyx, Mortier’s ... Tribonyx, Black-tailed Turnstone Tringa, Marsh Turnix, Red-crested ... Turnix, Swift-flying ... Turnix, Speckled Turnix, Black-backed Turnix, Chestnut-backed Turnix, Varied PLATE. NGI XVI. XV XVIL. Neves XVIII. KOC LL 1X YO0:0D:C Xe x I aie Sui Sol: Savin Xie KEL: XLIV. NEV CLV SGN AL inne ei XII. 2OO-h MX LLL eiaae LIII. LIV. Liv: LV. TaN a Gy Cre ep en IHUE Acanthiza Magna se an oe >. He Genus Geobasileus. Geobasileus Reguloides re a XII. Geobasileus Chrysorrhous _... ser XIII. Genus Sericornis Sericornis Osculans ... as aoe XIV. Sericornis Citreogu laris ask re maby Sericornis Humilis ... 6 Bin XIV. Sericornis Frontalis ... a r- Vi. Sericornis Levigaster a XV. Sericornis Magnirostris use bee XV- Sericornis Maculatus... sie XV. Vou. 5 5 D Ct 3) Ne | INDEX. Genus Cisticola. PLATE. Cisticola Exilis ihe a ae AVI, Cisticola Lineocapilla a + XVI. Cisticola Magna swe hs. re ak Mike Cisticola Isura ie tes re >. (gi Cisticula Ruficeps —... ee — mils Genus Atrichia. Atrichia Clamosa _... 7 ar XVII. Atrichia Rufescens XVIII. Genus Hylacola. Hylacola Pyrrhopygia Fhe ots VL; Hylacola Cauta DRIGID:AGT Genus Hieracoglaux. PLATE. Hieracoglaux Strenuus ».O.G A Hieracoglaux Rufus ... XXIV. Hieracoglaux Connivens XXVI. Genus Spiloglaux. Spiloglaux Boobook ... ae 8 XXV. Spiloglaux Maculatus 0.46 Genus Sceloglaux. " PLATE. Sceloglaux Albifacies XXXVI. Genus Strix. Strix Castanops XXVIII. Strix Novee-Hollandie XEXGV IT: Strix Candida XVELE: Strix Tenebricosus XXIX. Strix -Delicatulus XXX. XX1X. a So 6 6 DD DP DBD BD XXX. FAMILY FALCONIDA. Genus Circus. PLATE. Cireus Assimilis XXXII. Cireus Jardinit DOSE A Genus Tinnunculus. Tinnunculus Cenchroides Kae Genus Baza. Baza Suberistata AXXIT. Genus Elanus. Elanus Avxillaris XXXIIT. Elanus Seriptus XXXII. Genus Milvus. Milvus Affinis XOXOXGL Ve Milvus Isurus AXXIV, Genus Gypoictinia, Gypoictinia Melanosternon ... XXXYV. Genus Leucospiza. Leucospiza Raii XXXVI. Leucospiza Novie-Hollandive... XXXVI. Genus Astur. Astur Radiatus XXX VIT. Astur Approximans ... XXXVII. Astur Cruentus XXXVIITI. 6 INDEX. “Accipiter Torquatus ... Genus Accipiter. PLATE. XXXVIIT. : ie Genus Hieracidea. Hieracidea Occidentalis XXXIX. Hieracidea Berigora ... XXXIX-_ if Genus Falco. ~ fe NA aa al \ 5 A NAY f oP MAAR Bn AARAA AMARA Aan f nt | \Aas’ lan A ‘ 2A = : ‘ VAR ANY AA A A n\n NAAR AAO ARR AR aA AR RARARA AA Anny / Ary ‘ AAA | aN A. 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