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« PA Boake of the Arte 900 maner
how to Plant and Graffe all ſoꝛtes of

trees, how to fet ftones, and ſoe Pepins,

to make wylde tres to graffe on, as allo re⸗
medies and medicines. VVith diuers other
newe practifes, by one of the Abbey of

Saint Vincent in Fraunce, practiſed wit
his owne handes, deuided into ſea⸗
uen Chapters, as hercafter
moe plapielp ſhall ap⸗
peare, Wpth an
dition in

ende of this buke, of certapne Dutch pꝛactiſes,
fet farth and Engliſhed, bp Leo-
nard Mafcall.

Do
NSE
N
N
D

2

—

In isa incifionis diſtichon, ‘Ti 5 ages E "
Hefperidum Campi quicquid Romanaque tellus, ut
Fructificat nobis, incifione datur.

94/9 2 —

1 —.— 2.55 „ 4 |

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*

*

BS Che wyght that willing is to Laows.

Theway to graffe and plant. * 5 Typ"
May here finde plenti¢ of ‘ne skill, * 0 ats
That erſt hath bene but feant, sh 1

To plant or graffe in other een
As well as in the ſpring: j lh,
I teach by good experience, 0 t awe ae , TW

To doe an ‘cali e thing.

J 2 j
The pleafure of this skill is great, Wu. 4 218 7

The profite is not ſmall:

_ To fuch men as will pragtiſe i it, x

In things meere naturall.

The poore man may with pleafure finde
Some thing to helpe hi his meede,

So may the riche man reape fome fruite,
Where earft he had but weede.

The noble man that needeth naught,
May thereby haue at wyll;’ >
Such pleafaunt fruite to eras his vie,
And giue eache man his fill.

The common weale cannot but winne,
Where eche man doth entende:

By skill to make the good fruites mo,
And yll fruites to amende.

Weigh well my wordes,and thou fhalt finde,
All true that I doe tell.

Mine Autliour doth not write by g geſſe,
Practiſe made him ęxcell.

If thou wilt practiſe as he did,

Thou mayſt finde gut much more:

He hath not founde out all t lie truth,
That nature hath in Nor,

~~

ume Pawel

De Poole unto the Reider. ih

¢ Tothe Right honorable and my
very good Lorde, Sir Iohn Pawlet Knight,
Ls rde S. Iohn: Leonarde Maſcall wiſhet i
plroſperous iicalth, with continuall en- ee
creaſe of honour. ae
IT honorable, among all Sciences that
vi may be lightly obtayned, and among .manye
| 10 goodly exercifes and experiences, for men,
ms We there is none (among the reaſt) more meee
ANAS A and e Sp that more doth refreſhe the
viral ſpirites of men, nor move engender ad-
EN . in 4 effettes of aces that is
1 5 5 caufe of greater recreation to the wearie and
ivaueyled ſpirit of man, or more profitable to. mans H fe. than is the
skill of planting and graffing, the which not onely we may fee with
our eyes but alfo feele with aur handes in the ſecrete workes of na-
tue : yea, nothing more-difcouereth vnto ws the great & incompre-
henfible-worke of God, that of one little Pepyn feede, Nut or mall

plant, may come the ſelfeſame Herbe or tree, and to bring forth in-

finite of the ſame fruit, hic h alſo doth fhine and.fhew forth it felfe
vndo vs, efpectally in the Spring tyme, ly their diuerſitie of [bootas,
bloffoms, and buds,. in diuers, kindes of nature, by the goodneffe, and
mightie power of the great Lorde und Creator towWardes. his people,
in fuch thinges as commesh forth of the natural gart h, to nouri fhe
to fubsiayne and maintayne-our lyues. W hat greater pleaſure can
there be, than to fmell the weste odour of Herbes, trees, and fruits,
and to beholde the goodlye colour of the fame . which in certayne
mes of the yeare commeth forth of the Mombe of: thei iat her
and nourſe, and ſo to vnderſtande the ſecrete operation in the fame.
And to be fhort, of this labour ( in our lyues) wee. doe take part
therof with great gaynes and reuenues that come thereby, where as
through ydleneffe there commeth none : therefore to aug ment the
fame, it ſpall be good to appeaſe and mitigate all fonde delightes and
dayne pleaſſures, wit h ſuc h Iyke vanities, andicleane put out and dn
bolifl-the delightes of all vices. W berefore the Poet fayth : let vs
frayſe ebe true labouring Houre of the true labourer T herevpꝗ many
Seat Lordes and noble perfonages,baue left their theatres, Peaſant
kl a +a A. J. flages

*

&

§
.

5 1 „ a
(ar Biß epi 230 7 7
Ragesgoodly paftinies, forfakiig dnd defpifing their pleaſaret, not
much regarding vic he Diademes,nd cofily. ar Ca haue giuen
themſelues to Planting and Gratting,and ſuch like In fuch fort, that
if we /bould diligently fearch,and recite all the dijcour/e of auncient
Histovies,as of late dayes we fhoulde finde, that the moft noble per-
ſonages through their vertue, hath [bewed many goodly examples, as
in one Theatre a fupreme degree bonorable : nor haue had nothing
more deare, more requiſite, or more greatly in commendation, than
Planting & Graffing of fruit. Cyrus 4 great king of the Perfians(as
WwitnefJe Xenophon, ) did fo much delite in the Art of planting tx
graffing,(which did fhew a great prayfe & glory vnto hu perſonage)
that he had no greater deſire or pleafure, than when he might occu.
pie bimfelfe in Planting & graffing to garniſh the earth,to place and
order thereon certaine number of trees. The Emperour Diocleſian,
(as doth recite, Sextus Aurelius Victor,) of his ovwne good will
witbout any conſtraynt, lid leane the ſcepter of his Empire for to re-
mayne continually ia the fields. So much pleaſure did be take in plan.
ting of fruite,in making of Orchardes and Gardens, which be dyd
make,garnifh,and finiſh with his owne hands. Nhe Senatours;Difta.
tours,and Confuls of the R omaynes,dmong all other things haue cõ-
zuended Planting and Graffing to be one of the moſt flourifhing la-
bours in this worlde for the common wealth, the which was celeb.
ted and counted a great vertue : yea, they did fo much efteeme it,
that they did hang tables thereof in diners places neuer thinking the
time more aptly [bent,than in Planting & Grajing,nothing more co~
tenting themſelues, nothing more delighted in any other aſfayres for
the common Wealth. than in letting: ſo wing or planting on the earth.
Ho much we may praiſe N late dayes and commende our trauay-
lers from ot her count ext it is eaſie to be perceyued and knowne: but
of Lords,Genthemen,and Merchants which haue had(as it doth ap-
peare’ a great re garde in theſe latter dayer, hom they might follow
the example of others: W herby it bath repleniſped this our realme
db 8 unge Plunts,H erbes,and Trees, very good and neceſ-
farie it the common Wealth not heretofore commonly x none. Au
be Holle, about all labouys( for the common alt h) we ought to giue a
fare aid certayie indgement ; that Planting and ae
>| e ighlp

ie 4 , 92 ö 1
The Epiſtle.

highly to be commended and prayſed,than many other worthis and
noble things in this worllle: for this. Art bath not onely from tyme
to tyme, Lene put in vſe and prattife of labour through Kindes and
Princes: but alſo is hat h bene put in Writing of many great & Wor-
thie perfonages,in diners kinde of languages, as in Ertel by Philo-
metor, Hieron, Acheleus, Orpheus, Nuſceus, Homer, Hoſiode, Con-
ſtantine, Cæſar: and in Latin hy V erron, Caton, Columella, Paladlius,
V irgill, Amilius Macer, and in the Portingall tongue by King At-.
talus and Mago, (the which reciteth the Hiſtorief)that after their
death,the bookes of Planting and Graffing were brought to R ome,
foone after the deſtruction of Carthage. Likewy/e bow many ſince
haue written onely of xeale and lone for their countrey and common
wealth, of the fruitfull Arte of Planting and Graffing : yea of late
dayes bow many wort hie men by their learning haue written like’
wyfe therof, ſpoulde ſeeme that it hat h come from their auncefters,
ag the greateſt honor, through̊ the noble inuention of the fame. Like-
swyfé I dare boldely affirme,not onely the learned haue written, but
alſo bate bene prattifers and inuenters of the fame, (as Witneffeth
diners Hiffovies)in diners & many ſecret things, wherin I dare bold.
He fay,they haue not learnedly, nor ſo exattly written, but they haue
more exatlly taught and left in writing thinges fo certayne, that
their fuccefJours may eafily marke, obferue, and keepe the fame : for
every one hath written according to the nature of his countrey, The
Greekes for Greeke,the Barbarians for Barbarie, the Italians for J.
talie, the Frenche men for Fraunce, e. V hich writing wit hout
the order and prattife,doth very fmall profite for this our Realme of
Englande,the which I can blame nothing more than the negligence
of our nation, which bath had {mall care heretofore in plancing and
Graffing,in ſome places of this realme (as I haue knowne)where as
good and well difpofed haue graffed ,the euill and malicious perfon
bath fone after deftroyed them azaine : but if we woulde endenour
our felues therevnto (as other cbuntries doe,) we might florifh, and
haue many a ſtraunge kindé of fruite ( which now we baue often
times the want thereof) that might greatly pleafure and ſerue ma-
nye Wwayes both for the rich and poore, as Well as in Grece,Barbarie,
Asaly,or Fraunce,if our natio were given fo well that way, as they are,
. A. ij. Right

| fo Dex! ;
The Epiſtle. .
Right honourable,for fo much ast haue bene long in declaring of
our predeceſſours, Iwill nove leaue, ( troubling your bonour any
Further) and reft from the other things accomplifhing my defire, be-
feeching your Lordfhip to:take this my ine in good part,
requeſting no other recompence for my payne herein, ht wiſbing it
might be put in a generall prattiſe thoro this Realme, wherehꝝ in
{mall tyne it woulde grow vnto a great profite and commoditie both.
to the rich and poore, wherein I ſhoulde thinke my ſelfe not onelye
bappie, but alfo to haue a iuſt tribute for my deſertes, and alſo this
Realme might thereby receyue no ſmall beneſite, with prayſe of o-
ther countreys, in following our predeceſſours in this Arte of plan-
ting and graffing : ſome places of this Realme are greatly commen-
ded and prayfed among others, as Kent for the c hie feſt, which ver-
tue (not with ſtanding) can not be cleane put out or forgotten ,, ſpe-
cially, when ſuc h as your honour fhall ſeeme to faubur the ſame, and
alfo to fee the for warde dooinges thereof, in ſuch groundes & Lord.
{hips as ye doe poſſeſſe, the whith at this time hath onely mooued
me to attempt vnto.your Honour t his my ſumple traueyle, which is
not the only dutie that I qe vnto v Honqur, hut as a de w deſert.
not thinking my felfe halfe, alle to recũpence your vertuous libera-
litie, nor ſbe xing ot her way es have ta recompence the ſame, bath
boldned me at this tyme to commende this myſſumple and rudesworkg
vnto your TLordſhip. not according vnto your eſtate and honour, the
which had bene more meete and requifite to haue had the finiſping
of ſome better worke. Fhere fore befeeching your bonoxur to Wey. and
accept this mine intent and good will herein, which thing fe 0 doing,
Lſhallthinke my ſelfe not onely Happie, but it ſball encou-
rage me the more hereafter to take in bande tbe
- dyke or better worke. Thus Fheſeeche tbe
almightie God and creator, tum
encreaſe your proſperou s
Honour, Wit b
ise Lene, stunt ganas Send
health. Pe mae
mbes

To the Reader.
E Entle Reader thou alt vnderſtand,

haue taken out ofdiuers Authours
4 chis fimple wozke, into our Engliche
longue, pꝛaping thee fo2 to accept it in
god part: in fo doing thou halt bol⸗
den me to traueyle further therin:andthus chew⸗
ing my god will in declaring of Diners wayes of
planting and graffing,¢ how in the merteſt times
of the yeare, with Hheboing ol diuers tommodi ies
and ſecretes herein, howe to fet oꝛ plant with the
rote, and wythout the rote. Howe to foww o2 ſet

Pepyns oꝛ curnelies, with the oꝛdering thercof.
Alſo howe to clenſe pour graſtes and cyons, howe
to helpe barren and ſicke trees, howe to kill woꝛ⸗
mes and vermin, and to pꝛeſerue and bepe kruit:
hoo to plant and pꝛoyne pour Mines, and to ga⸗
ther and pꝛeſſe pour grape: how to clenſe c; moſſe
pout tres, hove to make pour Spyder and Berry,
hob to ſet, choſe, oꝛder and kepe Hoppes, with
many other ſecrete pꝛactiſes, which Hall appeare
in the table following, that euery perfon may eali⸗
ly perteyne in theſe dur dayes moze largely of the
Art of planting and graffing than heretofoꝛe hath:
bene ſhewed. Which thing is not an erercife onely
to the mynde, but likewyſe a great pꝛokite many
waies, with maintenance of health vnto the body.
Wherefore ſpare not the bodie to ſhewe fo great
godneffe thereonto, and alfo to the TCommon
Wealth. In thele dayes (among the reſt) peo may
fre manye, which be ofthe bale and abiect 1 4

Tothe Reader. :
the common wealth, as thoſe which boill not ſticke
to fay. Jie on the ſlaue, what thing is now coun⸗
ted moꝛe filthy in thele dayes (among fayze perſo⸗
nages) than labouring of the earth, which we mult
all uue by. Well, theſe be Dainty perſons: yet ther⸗
vnto, what thing is moze beautifull to the eye,
moze profitable to the purſe, 02 moze healthfull
vmo the body z and herein to put away all nouri⸗
ching of vice and ydleneſſe, it is calle to recite infi⸗
nite and manye woꝛthy Loꝛdes and Gentlemen,
which haue had a great care to follow the example
of others. Wherefore, gentle Reader, let vs nowe
leaue of from all wanton games ¢ pole paſtimes,
and be no moꝛe as childꝛen which (eke but theyz
coe gapne t pleaſure, let vs therefoꝛe fake one
of vs foꝛ an other in all god woꝛkes foꝛ the com⸗
mon wealth, whereby thoſe that doe come alter
vs map ſo enioye our woꝛkes and trauell herein,
as we haue done of our pꝛodeceſſours, that therin
Sod map be glozified, pꝛayſed and honoured in
all our woꝛkes of planting and grafking:

and we therefore may be thankefull,
from age to age, during
this moꝛtall Ipfe,
Amen.

The Table principal things

of all the prar
cCeontay ned in this booke, which ye ſnall
> hereafter finde by number and leafe. ** 5

© Of the ſeauen Chapters following. tole
The firft Chapter treateth of che ſetting of Curnelles, of 90
Apple trees, Plum trees, Peare trees, and Seruice trees.
Dw to chole your Pepins at the firſt pꝛeſſing.
How to vle the earth to low pour Pepines on. aise nike
How to fee vnto pultrye foz marring pour beddes, and horo to Wee de
oz clenle pour beddes oz quarters. mae
How to plucke vp the Wyplde Cporis. 7 3

| q The ſeconde Chapter treateth,how to fet your wilde trees
come of Pepyns, when they be firſt plucked vp.
H Dw to dung pour wylde treescomeof Peppnes.

How to cut the principal! rates in ſetting agayne.
How to ſet pour trees in rancat being pong. |
Pow to make a ſpace from one rancke to another.
How to water pour plantes being dye.
Pow in removing pour treca,,ta plant them agapne.

Fhe belt tyme koꝛ to remwue. 5
DE negligence and koꝛgettulneſſe. 1 1
Hot fo gwd to graffe the Seruice tree, as to ſet 1

dome trees Without grating haue god kruite, t other Conte bein
~ grafted, haue but cutll fruite. 5
Foz to augment and multiplye pour trees.
The maner to chaunge the kruite of the Pepin tree.
Wow to make gwd Cpder. 1
To make an Oꝛcharde in kewe peares.

Gees

ANN

@ The thirde Chapter is, ofthe ſetting of trees
which come of Nuttes.

w to fet trees that doe come of Muttes,and the tyme to plant
oz ſet them. A 1 ( 89
For to ſet them in the Spring tome. |

DE the dung and derpe digging thereof.

7

3
9

Ot Nuttes and ſtones lyke the trees they come ok. ‘ot
2 9

9

Ot planting the layde Muttes. 144

Why kruite chall not haue fo god ſauour.

To fet the Pyne tree, 10. To ſet Cherry tres. 10

Cres of Baſtarde and Goplte Ruttes. 1 * ae
12 6 „ 0

UO Mech The ables i * A

To tet Kubo ato Bat wats, OSE OOO oh ag
To fet Damſo lum tr OWE b. Pract 10
To graffe Cyons of Plums, on nthe Ike. a 11
To let all ſoꝛtes of Cherry tres. 1 11
Wow to oꝛder Plum trees, and Cherry wae. 11
How to graffe Plum tres, and Cherry tres, rh oe
How to pꝛoyne oʒ cut trees. . ung
How to clenſe and dzeſſe the rotes ol tr s. Merce
To helpe the ſtocke, wing greater than tyegralten,)”" 4) 03 a age
The Remedie When a bough is ben. W
Pow to enlarge the hole about the rotes. | 14
To ſet {mall ſtaues to ſtay pour Cyne. ; 3
What tree to pꝛopne.
why the lowze Cherrpe dureth not fo long as che great beute
Cherry. 15
To graffe one great Cherrie with an es 16
Ok derpe letting 02 ſhallowe. * rs “Stet ic

The fourth Chapter: fheweth ete tofet — 5 trecs,of great
Cyons prickt in the earth without rootes,with the

proyning « of leffer ried THO 1 OF oer

＋ Res taking rote prickt of mauncheg. + rng
How to fet them. 0 Ga tm Me? tie
How to binde them that be wege. ewes cs as
Wow to digge the earth to let them in. .
Ok Cyons without rwtes. en

To plant the Figge tre. 5 . iio: |
How to fet Quinceg. | nn

The Wap to fet Mulberp tres 8. B Putte thereok. 1?

The tyme to cut Cpens. c

To {et buche tre, as Guleberies and mall Replons. 9

Ok letting Dziars. 19

@ The fyſt Chapter treateth of foure maner of graffings.
F diuers wapes of graffing. 113
The Gr wap of graffing all fortes of trég. MAT
5 grafic Apple tres, Deare tres, ; i ye aot He der Wale
res.

The graffing of great Cherries. it 13 a

To gratke Medlers on other Medlers. 20
Ok diners binde of graffes on one trek. Art

The graffing of the Figge tree, Ol . A Nie ne

Of araffing the grege A herrteg. | TOON Gr

To graffe that an A ple ſhall be halfe ſwærte and me foure,
To graffe the Roſe on the holly tre.
The keeping of lums.
The altering of Peares.
The making of Eyder and P irrp.
To helpe froſen Apples.
To make Apples fall from the tre,
To cherriſh Apple tres.
To make an Apple grow in a glaſſe.
To graffe many fortes of Apples on one tree.
To colour Apples, what colour pe liſt.
To graffe to haue Apples without coze.

= o2zdering of the Mine and grape.

To haue grapes Without Tones.

To make the Uyne to bꝛing a grape to taſt ipke Clarret wine.

The gather ing of pour grapes.

To know ik pour grapes be rppe oꝛ not.
To pꝛoue oꝛ taſte wyne.

Oft the ordering, ſetting, and planting of Hops.
To choſe pour Pope.

How to ſow the ſerdes.

Ok the ſetting of Poles.

How to propne the Hoppe.

How to gather pour Hopes.

What Doles are beſt foʒ pour purpole.
How to oꝛder and dꝛeſſe pour hilles.

Oft the belt grounde foꝛ pour Hoppe.

A note of all the reaſt aboueſapde.

And how to packe and keepe pour Hopes.

Pray ſes be to God on hye,

In all our worldly planting ;

And let vs thanke the Romaynes alfo,
For the . of Graffing.

*

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pity?

7 An exhortation to eie
Planter and Graffer,

SACK] Lioapes before pe do intende fo bun
CANON: grate , it Gall be mete to haue
god experiencę in thinges mete toz
his art, as in knowing the Matures
c jotall tres and fruites, and the diffe⸗
kences or Clymates, which be contrarie in euerie
lande: alſo to vnderſtand the Eaſt à Wek windes,
with alpectes and Starres, to the ende pe may
beginne nothing that the winde oꝛ vapne may op⸗
pꝛeſſe, that your labour be not loſt, and to marke
Alo and conſider the dilpoſition of the elementes
that pꝛeſent yeare, foz all peares be nofoflpke o⸗
peratiou, noꝛ yet atter one ſoꝛt, the Sommer and
Winter do not beare one face on the earth, noꝛ the
ſping tyme alwayes rayny, oꝛ Autumne alwapes
mopſt: of this none haue vnderſtanding, without
A god and liuely marking ſpirite, kewe 62 none
(Without learning) may diſcerne of the varieties
and qualities of the earth, and what he Both ake
oꝛ retuſe. Therefore it all be god to haue vn⸗
derſtanding of the grounde where ye do plant, ey⸗
ther Oꝛcharde oꝛ garden with fruit: kirſt it bebo
ueth to make a lure defence, to the ende, that not
onelyrude perfons and childꝛen may be kept out,
but all kinde of hurtfull cattell indomaging your
plantes oꝛ træs, as Oxen, Kyne, Calues, Horie,
Hogges and chrpe, as the tubbing of chæpe doch
greatly burne the lappe, and — Doth kpll —
4 AD g

TothePlanters,

tres aud plantes, and where they are broken 02
bꝛuſed with cattell, it is doubtfull to grow after. It
(hall be gad allo, to fet, plant oꝛ graffe tres all o
lpke nature and ſtrength togither, that the great
and hye tres, maye not ouercome the lowe and
weake, for when they be not lpbe of heygth, they
growe, noꝛ rype not pout fruit fo well at one time
but the one befoze the other: that earth which is
good foꝛ Uynes, is god allo fo2 other fruite. pe
mutt digge pour holes a ycre beioge pe plant, that
the earth may be the better ſeaſoned, moatifped ex
waxe tender, both by rapne in Winter, and heate
in fommer, that thereby pour plantes maye take
rote the fooner, if pe will make your holes, and
plant both in à peare, at the eaſt, ye ought to make
pour holes two monethes befoꝛe pe plant, and as
foone as they be made, then it Chall be god to burne
of ſtraw oꝛ ſuch lyke therin, to make pour. ground
inarme : the further ye make them a funder the
the better your trees ſhall beare: make your holes
lyke onto a foꝛnayce, that is, moze ſtrayght in the
mouth than beneath, whereby the rotes may haue
the moze rome, by ſtraghtneſſe of the mouth, the
leſſe rayne oꝛ colde ſhall enter by in Winter, and
allo leſſe heate to the rote in Sommer. Lobe alz
ſo that the earth ye put to the rotes be neyther wet
noꝛ layde in water: they doe commonlye leaue a
good {pace btewixt euerye tree, {02 the hanging
bo wes, foꝛ being nygh togyther, yer can not fet
rotes, no ſowe nothing fo well vnder pour træs,
oz they will not beare fruit fo well: forme a

| ours

| — r
and Qniffert.
fourtie fte, ſome thirtie betboœne euery træ:pour
plautes ought to be greater than the handle of a
chouell, a the leſler the better: ſe they be ſtraight,
without knots, oꝛ knobbes, hauing a long ſtraight
grayne oꝛ barke, which chall the ſconer be apt to
take graffes, and when ye ſet bꝛanches oꝛ boughs
of olde tres, choſe the yongeſt a ſtrayteſt bꝛaunch
thereof, and thole tres which haue boꝛne yearely
god fruite befoze, take of thoſe which bx on the
ſunnie fide ſoner thathole that grow in the couert
— 02 Hadowe, and vohen pe take vppe oz alter your
plantes, ye hall note to what windes pour plant
is ſubiect, and fo let thein be ſet agayne, but thole
which haue growne in dꝛy groundes, let them be
let in moyſt grounde: pour plantes ought to be cut
of thꝛæ fote long. If pee wyll ſette two oꝛ thee
plantes togither in a hole, ye muſt take bade the
tote of one touche not one an other, loꝛ then the
one will periſh and rot the other, oꝛ die by woꝛmes
oOꝛ other varmen, and when pe haue placed pour
Plantes in the earth, it Hail be god to ſtryke
dowue to the bottom of euerp hole ij. ſhoꝛt fakes
ds great as pour arme, on epther ſyde pour hole
one, and let thein appeare but a little aboue the
earththat ye mapctherby in lommer) gyue water
vnto the rotes if nde be. Pour young plantes,
and rooted tres are commonly fet in Autumne,
froin the firſt vnto the xv. ol October, pet ſome op⸗
pinion is, better after Alhollowtide vnto Cheitt-
inafle, than in the ſpꝛing, hytauſe the earth wyll
Deve to fone after, and alſo to fet plantes without

The Table. pis
rote after Wichaclmale, that they may the bete
ter mollifie and gather rote agaynſt the ſpꝛing,
wherok ye Hall finde hereafter moze at large,
Thus much haue J thought mate to declare
onto the Planters and Graffers,
whereby they may the bet⸗
ter auoyde the oc⸗
cafion and
daun⸗ c
gers of planting and gralfing,
bwhich may come oftenn
tymes thꝛough
ignozance,

A hammer
with a File & Percer.

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#23
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1
——— —— — —
nud

4 The Art if . 1
and graffing.

The yt Chapter.

his Chapter treateth of the ſetting of Curnels,
young Plum trees and Peare trees, of Damfons
and Seruice trees.

Oꝛ to make poung tres of the Pe⸗
pins, ol Apples, Peares, Plummes and
Seruite. irſt ye muſt pꝛepare and make
ga great bedde oꝛ quarter well repleniſhed,

N 2.

blende oꝛ mixt with god fat earth, and pla⸗
— ced well in the ſunne, and to be well labou⸗
red and digged à god tyme befoꝛe pou doe occupie it: and
if pe can by any meanes, let it be digged very derpe the
Winter bekoꝛe, in blinding oꝛ mixing it well togither with
god fat earth, oꝛ elſe to be mired al moſt the halſe with god
dung: ¢ ſo let it rot and ripe togither with the carth. And
fee al wayes that plot be cleane onto the pꝛeſſing of Spyder,
that no wilde cions oꝛ plantes doe ſpꝛing oꝛ grow thereon.
Then in the moneth of September, December, o2 there⸗
abouts, take of the Pepins, oꝛ Pomes of the fayde fruite
at the firſt pꝛeſſing out of pour licour, befoze the Curnels
be marred oꝛ bꝛuſed: then take out ol them, and rubbe a
few at once in a cloth, and dap them betwixt pour handes,

and take ſa manye thercok as vou ſhall thinke god: then

make pour bedde ſquare, lapꝛe and playne, and ſome pour
fedes thereon, then take and couer them wpth a rake
lightip , oꝛ with earth, not putting to much earth vppon
them. This done, deu de pour beddes into quadꝛantes oz
ſquares cf foure fote bꝛode oꝛ thereabout, that when pe
lyſt pe map cleanſe the mn from the one (pre to the other,
wythout treading thereon . Then Tall pe ceuer pore

feedes oꝛ Pepins wyth fine earth, fo ükting all ener thers,

that then they mapet * the deeper and iurcr rote, ang

w
> &

2 The Art of

wyll kepe them the better in winter lo lowing and ik pe lil
pe may rake them a little all ouer; fo that pe rapſe not
pour Pepins aboue the earth.

Another way howe one may take the rape atthe firſt
comming of the licour or preſſin

W Hich is: pe tall chofe the greateſt and kayꝛelt
curnels oꝛ Pepins, and take them fo2th at the
firit bꝛuſing of pour kruit, then dete them with a cloth, and
Reepe them all the winter vntill S. Andꝛewes tide: then a
little after ſowe them in god earth, as thinne as pe dee
ſowe Peaſon, and then rake them ouer as the other.

How one ought to vic his earth to fow Pepins
without dunging.

Ut in this maner of doing (in the ſpꝛing it is not ſo
great needs foꝛ to ray ſe oꝛ digge the earth ſo derpe as
that which is dunged in Mint er: but to deulde pour quar⸗
ters, in couering pour Pepins not fo much with earth as
thole which be lowne wich god dung, but when ve haue
lowne them, a little rake them all cuer.
How ye ought to take heede of pultrie for ſeraping
of your beddes or quarters.

Hs fone after as your Pepins be ſowne vppon our

beddes 02 quarters, let this be done, one way oꝛ other,
that is, take god here that your hennes doe not ſcrape
pour beddes oꝛ quarters, therefore ſticke them all ouer
light and thinne with bowes, oꝛ thꝛones, € fake god af
alfo to ſwine, and other cattell.

How to weede or cleanſe your beddes and quarters.

A when the Winter is patt and gone, and that pe fee

pour Pepins ryſe and grow: ſo let them enc reaſe the
pace ot one pœre, but fe to cleanſe werdes, oꝛ other things
which may hurt them, as pe ſhall fe cauſe And in the ſom⸗
mer when it Hall Ware dye, water them hardlp in che
euenings. all

iy

ee . ee em rei 5 * 3 N
dw e wilde cions be great àg
growth of one peare; ve muſt then plucke them vp 21
in the winter following, befoze they doe beginne to ſpꝛing
agapne. Then ſhall pe ape and mere of: 1 et
ro ache imate | . G ag

B 5

7 The Jeconde Chapter —.— i one

hall ſet agayne the ſmall wilde trees, wluch come
2 5 Pepins, when they be firſt pluckt vp.

On the baſtarde oz little wilde tres
= incoritinent alone as they be pluckt vp,
e Tae 9 pe mul haue of other god earth well trim
2 a med and dunged € to be well in che ſunne,

and well pꝛepared and die, as it is lapde 0
in the other part before of the Pepins.

How to dung your baſtard or wilde young | trees ae
"’ which come of Pepins. .

N Bout Iduent before Chꝛiſtmas, per hut digge a0
Vun well the place where as pe will let them, and
make pour ſquare of earth euen and plapne, ſo large as pe
ſhall thinze god, then (et pour wilde trees fo farre one krõ
another as pe thinke merte to be gratt, lo that they may be
fet in euen rankes and in god oꝛder, that when nerde thal
4 25 may remque oꝛ renue any af them 92 dap part
ereok,

How y ye ought i in replanting or ferting to cut of in the
middes the principall great rootes.

Hie what part fo euer pe doe ſet any tras, ye muck cut of
egreat mapſter rote, within à fate ofthe forks, and
‘gtlother bigge rotes, ſo that pe leaue a foie long thereof,
And fo let them be let, and mae pour rankes cro telopſe
one krom another halke a fote, 02 therabouts, and pe mut
allo fe that there be of god dunge more depe and lower

than pe do fet pour trees, to comloꝛt the fad rots iwithall.
DJ. Howe

* 5

: 0 The Art of ld

U How you ght ro ſet your trees in aa, of
F & Harliet pour fnall young tres —
large fate one front an other: a let them be cone
as 1 ye dot fet them, with god fat earth all duer the rotes.

5 How to make the ſpace from one rancke to an otle.
E chall leaue betweene pour rancks, from one ranke
to an other, one fote, o2 there abeuts,fo that ve may
pale betweene euerp rancke foꝛ to clenſe them ik nerde re⸗
gupꝛe, and alſo fo2 to graffe any part oꝛ parcell thereof
when tyme ſhall be merte. But pe muſt note, in making
thus pour rancks ye ſhall make lo many alies as rankes.
And if pe thinke it not god to make fo many alies, then de⸗
nide thofe into quarters of fiue kwte bꝛoad oꝛ thereabouts,
and make € fet foure ranckes (in eche quarter ol the fame).
one fote from an other, as pe bfe to ſet great Cabbage,
And as fone after as ye haue let them in ranckes and in
god oꝛder as is atoꝛeſayde, then Hall pe cut of all the lets
euen by the grounde, But in thus doing ſer that pe doe not
plucke bp 02 loſe the earth which is about them; oꝛ il 4
Will pe map cut them befoꝛe ye doe fet them in ranckes It
ve doe lo, fe, that pe fet them in ſuch god oꝛder, and euen
with the earth, as is gqfoꝛeſapde. And it ſhall ſuſtice alſo to
make pour ranckes as pe ſhall ſe cauſe. And loke that ye
kur niche the earth all ouer with god dung, witheut ming⸗
ling of it in the earth, noꝛ pet to couer the fapde plantes
withall, but rowed betwirt: and pe mut allo luke well
to the cleanſing ol werdes, graſle, oz other luch thinges
which will be a hurt to the growth of the plantes.
@ How to water plantes when they waxe drye.
I T ſhall be god to water them When the tyme is dpe: in
the firlt peare,Z hen when they haue put forth of newe
cions, leaue no moze growing but that cion which is the
pꝛinc ipall and fapectt, vpon euer ſfocke one: all the other
cut of harde by the focke : and euer as there doe grow
mall twigges about he ſtocke, ye ſhall in the moneth al
Marche

Plantizganl Giaffine. 8
Marche and Apꝛill) cut them all of hard by 2 ache Aud
pe then ſticke by euery neee wande, and la

binde them with Millowe barcke, bzyer,oꝛ oüerg, it Hall
profit them much in their growth. Then after fue oꝛ lire
peares growth, when they be lo bigge as pour fingar, az

thereabouts, ve map . any 1 Det IY

pe will haue them grow und remnne⸗ W
ue dod ad, HIV PRP e 70 é *
. Plant them agayne. 2 Id E itiseh

e maner hom ye ougiit to entw trees is baat
Ti tre apter fi olg! fot abt 2

cares a ep? reinwung p ing pe pat n a 0

then ber oni e the better
pe leaue ffill in ranckes, ye map alfo 1
as they ſtande, as pe chalklee rauſe gad. . haue
plucked vp the fayꝛeſt to plant in other plates (as is atoꝛe⸗
layde) alſo the maner how to gratte them, is ſhewed in the
fift Chapter kolawingl But alter then chall be la gralt⸗ 1
1 —— ſo tuer it be, ve ſhallnot remwue 02

in other plates agapite 3 Until the gratkes be nut cloſed

vpon the heade of che wilue dock N Agri a8 tog? cn
pee lg ede Be chang UB Repaid eee 15 OE
a Hen the head of the ſrocke ſhall be all ouer cloled
V eee e may whẽ ve wul, tranſ⸗
ae remwä thent (at a dae töme) tubers then hal
tinte. Fo GED often ronmtouing pe Mall doe them
great hurt ia their vots / be in daunger ta neee

Ma 1 ee borgerfulnelfe,

e e
8 99 che Tp
200 the 115 {

aur ko Done; pe

tthe rauks moze larger

that they map be n ithout hurking or ehe othe rs
D. ij. rotes:

lig 0

— Fae

Ae a e 111 3 ave
2 lozts ant diuer ties, a8 of Bi 62. t
‘phe. Potiniibttanving, When : net bn th Thal

| wnat e ſo grätke th hem. 0

6 or Bh Ane akin 0
rotes: and at eee ee aa nerde that
reguyzo, though they be tet oxyrated. Oꝛder them ae
all tte ang rte er-

18 94 4314 4

Wan, ge Feiss?
V Pitti ot | 1255 1 eee il th
oft | profit 1, e
them, J belceut pe thal winne thing thereby. The belt
is only to plucke vp the pong baſtard ties when they are
as great as a god walking fake; 17 pꝛopne the cut 0
their bꝛaunches aud cary then | to fet whereas thep m
be nd moze remwued: aud they wall profit moze in fot
ande n graſling⸗ n eh balaods ae 1 4 89
Some ‘trees without graff nig bring foordspocnt: bein 22 88
1770708 8 aed kane other being gratted be better to rit

| make Syder ol.
12 ‘ister to be marked that t wah the pepins bes
ol the pomes of Pe area and god Apples; pet og

linde that ſonie ol them dd loue the tres wherol they came:
and thoſe be right, which haue alſo a finath barke, and as

kapꝛe as thoſe which be graffed: the which if ye plant oꝛ

let them thus growing krom the maiſter rote wp a
grating, they ſhall bung as god fruit, tuen Ipke v
Pepin whereof he firſt came. But there be other wtb ast |
commonly god to rates Mbichbeasgad to make Sopher
ol, as thole which dbb be gratted toꝛ that purpoſe .

When y om lyſt to augment itiplie them 75 trees.
AN Fter this fort pe map n

tre thus come o the Pepi, as is 1 call e
vle hym. But it pe will augment tees of themfelues, ye

ve? 42 1 1 »

7 US

Plantigand Graff, W

syn ete maner and chaunging of thie fruit ofthe Net —
wi hen fo euer ye doe replant oꝛ chaunge pour pez

pin trees from place to place, in fo remoning of:
ten the ſtocke, the fruit thercof hall alſo change: but the
fruit which doth come ok gratking, doth alwayes kwpe the
loꝛme and nature of the tre whereol he is taken: foꝛ as J
haue layde, as often as the Pepm kress be remqued toa
1 grounde,the kruit therof tall be lo much amended.

How one ought to make good Syder.

37 Gre is to be noted k ye will make god Spyder of what
Aruit ſo euer it be, being Peares oz Apples, but lpe⸗
cially of god Apples. and wilde kruite, haue alwapes ares
garde vnto the ryping therof,fo gathered dꝛye, then put
them in dep places, on boꝛdes in heapes, concred with dep
ſtraw, and whenſoeuer pe will make Syder therok, choſe
dut all thoſe which are blacke bꝛuled, and rotten Apples,
and thꝛow them away, then take and vſe the reſt for ps
er; g But h ere to giue vou vnderſtanding, doe not as they

in the duntrex of ens which do put their Fruit gathe⸗
red, into the middes of their garden, in the raine and mile⸗
lings vpon the bare carth, which will make them to leeſe
thelt foꝛce and vertue, and doth make them alſo withered
and tough, and lightly a man ſhall neuer make gad rde
ht ae Fans anꝝ purpoſe oꝛ gad pꝛolit ey 4a

Jil Ta make an Orchard in fewe ycares.

ae wie take pong ſtraight ſlippes, whtch doe see

Sfcom the rotes, 02 of the ũdes of the Appletrees, about
Pichackmatte; and doe fo plant oz ſet them (with Otes) in
god grounde, where as they Mall not be remwued, and ſ
graſte; (heing well roted thereon. Other lome doe take
and ſet them in the ſpꝛing time (alter Chꝛiſtmas) in like⸗
wyſe, and doe graffe Toeypontoberrey wr 1
901 apes doe ſpʒing well. Lan

D. tis. and 4

8

ge inteaf nc

And this maner of wap is counted to haue a an Hicharde
the ſoneſt. But thele tries twill not end ure 90 twentie 8
thirtic peares. 1

J Thethirde Chapter is if 3

ſett ing trees of Nuttes.

« How one de ought t to 7 trees which come of Nuttes.
Ox to fet tres vohichcome of Autteg:

when pe haue eaten the kruite, loke that pee

kerppe the ones and curnels there ok, then let

| ; Itbemt be dꝛyed in the winde, without the vehe !

mencie of the lune, la pe. them in a bore;
pay ple them as beloe. adi andes ung

44 4

. 0 a

rit me

qOf the tyme when ye ought to 11078 or err eta. 59855
ye call plant oꝛ fet them in the beginning of eumter;
02 aloe Michaelmaſle, whereby they map the toner,
ſpꝛing out ol the earth: Wut this mauer cred is daun⸗
gerous: fo2 the Winter then comming in, and they be ing
pong and tender in comming vp, the colde will kill the °
Mherefore tt ſhall be beſt tc Lay andreferne thent till afe
fer Winter. And then before pe doe ſet them, ve Mall
ſoke o ftrepe them in mithe,o2 in mittze ald ater loan
fill they doe ſtincke therein: then hall ve dy them and tet
them in god earth in the chaunge oꝛ increale or the Mone:
with the (mall ende vpward, foure fingers derpe, then put
denne Siske thereby, to marke the placdmge.
A EFor to ſet them in the Spring tyme-

ge will plant oꝛ fet pour Muttes in the coping: sone

where ye will haue them Mill to remayne and not to be
vemmued, the heſtand most eaſie waye is, to ſet in euerꝑ
ſuch place (as ye ſhinke god thec oz foure Ruttes igh
tagithe r, and when they doe allfpeieg: weten ne
Aes but ibe e Maak anne eee 1

*

1 gre:
.

~ Planting and Grafing 3 |
4 Ofthe dunging oe deepe digging thereof.’ « * T
Aw where as pe ſhall thinke god, pe may si oꝛ fet
all pour nuttes in one ſquare oz quarter togithers, in
god earth and dunged in (uch place and tyme, as they ble
to plant. But fee that it be well dunged, and alſo digged
god and depe, and to be well medoled wyth god dung
thꝛoughout, then {et pour nuttes three fingers derpe in the
earth, and halfe a fmte one from another: pe Mall water
them okten in the Sommer, when there is ape weather,
and fee to werde them, and digge it as ve ſhall {ce nerde.

ft Of Nuttes and ſtones lyke.ta the trees,
they came of.

Eis Abend be noted, that certayne kindes of nute, and

Lcurnelles which doe loue the trees, wherok the fruite is
ipke vnto the tre they came of, when they be planted in
god grounde, and fet well in the ſunne, which be: the wal⸗
nuts, cheſtnuttes, all Kinde of peaches ſigges, ee
AeA ALONE all thefe doe lowe the trees they came ol.

im Of the planting the fayde nuttes in good earth:
and in the Sunne.
A II the ſayde trees doe bꝛing as god kruite ok the b
HNuttes, if they be well planted and fet in god earth,
and well in the Dunne; as the kruite and trees eh eee.
tame ol“

@ Why fruit ſtiall not laue fo aed lauour.
F Dz it ve plant god nuttes, god peaches, oꝛ figges in a
garden full ot ſhadowe, the which bath afoze loued the
Sunne as the vine doth , koꝛ lacke thereof, theyꝛ fruit Gall
not haue fo geod ſaudur, although it be all ot ene fruit: and
Ipkeinpfe lo it is with all other frute and trees , koz the
odnelſe of bbe anche and re 17 7 econ seg wien
Buy | 4 To

~ * Te .. eS” es

5 10 The Arte ol

To ſet the Pine tree.

F Oꝛ to atthe Pyne tre, pe muff fet oz plant tbemot

Nutt es, in Marche, oꝛ about the ſhe lot ol the ſappe, t
lightly alter, ye mutt alſo {et them where they may not

rented after, in holes well digged, and well dunged not

to be tranſplanted o2 remmued agapne, foꝛ very hardly
the y will ſhewt forth cions being e ites
burt the maiſter rote thereof.
For to ſet Cherry trees. .
Oz fo fet foluze Cheries which doe grow 1 in
Gardens, ye ſhall vnderſtande they may well grow of
dite bil better it chalbe to take of the ſmall cions which
dor come krom the great rotes: then plant them, and ſw⸗
ner ſhall they grow than the ſkones, and thoſe cions mul
be ſet when they are mall pong and tender: as of two,
02 thꝛtè yrares growth, foꝛ when they are great, they pꝛo⸗
fite not ſo well: and when ye fet them, pe mutt le to cut
of all the bowes. :
I Trees of baftatd and wilde Nuttes. 80
Thee bed other fortes of Puttes, although they be well
ſet in god grounde, x allo in the Sunne, yet will they

not bꝛing balfe fo god feuite as the other, noꝛ commonly

like bute thofe nuttes they came ok, but to be a baſtarde
wilde ſowꝛe fruit, which is the Fylbert, mall Nutte s, of
ums, of Cheries, and the great Abzicots: theretoꝛe if

pe will haue them god frutte, pe mut fet them in mance i

and forme following.
Ho to fet Filberdes or Hafell trees,
Ota fet Filberdes oꝛ Haſels, and to haue them god,
take the ſmall wandes that growe out krom the rote of
che Fübarde oꝛ Halell tre (with ſhoꝛt heary thigges) and
let them and they hall bzing as god fruit as the tre the
tã me oft: it ſhall not be nerdelull to pꝛoyne, oꝛ cut ok tl

bꝛaunches thereof when pe let them, ik they be not great:

but * that ye doe fet, let them be but ot two 02 th: nig

pares 75

Planting and Gr affing. Big
pesives growth, and tf pe hall ſer thoſe cions which ve haue
planted, not to be fapze and god, oꝛ doe grow and pꝛoſper

not well, then ( in the ſpꝛing tyme) cut them ok harde by
the rote, that other ſmall cions may grow thereol. 5
To ſet Damſons or Plum trees.

b P letting Damſons oꝛ pluin trees, which fruit ye would

haue lyke to the tres they came oll: it the ſayde trers be
not gratt befoze,pe ſhall take onelp the cions that growe
frõ the rote (of the olde ſtocke) which groweth with ſmall

twigs, and plant oꝛ fet them: and their truit ſhall be like

vnto the trees they were taken of,
To take Plum graffes, and to . chem
on other plum trees,
A po ff your Blum trees be graft alreadie, and haue
the lpke kruite that vou deüre, pe mape tabe pour
graffes thereof, and grafte them on pour Plum trees, and
the fruit that ſhall come thereof, ſhall be as god as the

fruit of the cion which is taken from the rote, bycauſe they

are much ol lyke effect,
b @ To fet all fortes of Cheries.

O fet all ſoꝛtes of great Cheries, and others: ye mult
haue the gtaftes of the ſame trees, and graffe them on

1055 Cherie trees, although they be ol a ſower fruit, and

when they are fo graft, they will be as god as the kruit of
the tree whereok the graffe was taken: koꝛ the ones are

sad, but to fet to make wilde cions, oꝛ plants, to gratte on,

The maner how one may order both plum
trees, and Cherrie trees.

Oz fo much as thele are two kinde of tres, that is, to
ynderſtande, the Cherrie, and the Plum trer, ſoꝛ when
g graft, theyꝛ rotes be not fo god, 1102 lo free as

he bee niches aboue, Whercfoze the cions that doe come
1 fro the rots, hall not make ſo god and kranke trees of. It
3 is thereloꝛe to be vnderſlwde, how the maner and ſoꝛt is to

make kranke trees, that may put forth god cions in time to
j fome, Which is: when they be e and god, then if pe will

E. j. take

— —

make god trees therof, and then it ſhall not ner de to gratie

12 The Arte of

take tho ſe cions oꝛ pong ſpꝛinges krom i rotes, yr mape

them any moze alter: but to augment one by the other, as
pe do the cions from the rote ol the een is alqselapde,
and pe ſhall doe as followeth.

0 How to graffe Plum trees and ee trees. g

ve map well graffe Plum tres,e great Cherrp trees,
in ſuch god order as ye liſt to haue them, and as here⸗
after. (all be declared in the fifth Chapter following: foꝛ
thele woulde be graſted while they are pongue and mall. 4
and alfo graft in the grounde, foꝛ thereby one mape dꝛelſe
and trim them the better, and put but one graffe in eche .
ſtocke of the fame. Cleaue not the heart, but a little an
the one ſide, noꝛ pet derpe, oꝛ long open.

@How ye muſt proyne or cut your trees.

F2: 2 when pour graffes be well taken on the ffocke „and

that the gvaffes doe put foꝛth faire and long, about ons
peres growth, ve mut pꝛopne, oz cut the bꝛaunch of com⸗ 4
monlpye in winter, (when they pꝛoyne their ines) afete
lower, to make them ſpꝛed the better: then hall pe meddle

all thoꝛowe with god fatte earth, the which will dꝛawe the

better to the place which ye haue ſo pꝛoyned oꝛ cut.

€ The conuenienteft way to clenfe and proyne,
or dreffe the rootes of trees. |

. A Md loꝛ the better clenfing and pꝛoyning trees beneath,
is thus: pe Gall take awap all the werdes, and graſſe
about the rotes, then ſhall pe digge them fo rounde ats |
as pe woulde ſeeme to p ucke them vppe, and hall make
them halle bare, then ſhall ve enlarge the earth about the
rotes, and where as pe ſhall ſe them grow faire, and long,
place oꝛ coutche them in the ſayde bole and earth agayns:
then ſhall pee put the cut ende of the tree where he is qraft, —
enk moꝛe lower than his rotes were, whereby ¥
cions

"Plantain Grafting: | 13

coms fo grakt, chall ſpꝛing fo much the better.

When the ſtocke is greater than the graffes.

Wwe as the tree waxeth oꝛ ſwelleth greater beneath
the gratling, than aboue:then thal pe cleue the rots
beneath, and wꝛeath them round: and fo couer them again.
But fee pe bꝛeake no rete therot᷑, ſo will he come to perkec⸗
tion. But moſt men doe vſe this waye: ik the focke ware
greater than the graffes, they doe flit do one the barcke of
the grattes aboue, in two oꝛ three partes, oꝛ as they ſhall {e
caule thereot, and ſo likewiſe, it the graffes ware greater
aboue than the ſtocke, pe ſhall ſlitte downe the ſtocke accoꝛ⸗
dingly, with the edge of a ſharpe knife. Chis maye well be
done at any time in Marche, Apꝛill and 22 5 in the create
ofthe Pone, and not lightly after,

r Remedie when any bough or member
of a tree is broken.

IF pe thall chaunte to haue boughes oꝛ members ok tres

bꝛoken the beſt remedpe ſhall ber, to place thoſe bowes
p2 members right fone againe, (then (hall pe comfort the
totes wyth god newe earth) and binde faſt thoſe broken
bowes oꝛ members, both aboue and beneath, ¢ fo let them
remapne vnto another peare, till they maye cloſe and put
forth of newe cions.

¶ When a member or bough is not broken, howe to proyne them.

Wb as pe fhali fee vnder oꝛ aboue fuperfiuous
Bowes: pee map cut oꝛ pꝛoyne off, (as pe ſhall fee
caufe )all ſuch bowes harde by the tree > at aduetpine, in

the winter folowing. But leaue all p pꝛincipall beaches,
and whereas any are broken, let them be cut off beneath,

oz elſe by the ground, and caſt them away: thus mut ye do
pearelp, oꝛ as pe ſhall ſe caule, if pe will kepe pour trees
well and fapꝛc.

rf

E. y. I Howe \

=)

N

„ The Arte ak

§ Rope one ought to enlarge che bide 8 vi Tar 72035 >
the tree rootes.

2 proyieitg pour frees it there be many rotes, ye muſk

enlarge them in the hole, and lo to wꝛeath them as is ar
loꝛeſayde, and to bie them without beeaking, then couer
them agapne wyth god kat earth, which pe Hall mingle in
the fapde hole, and it Hal! be beſt to be digged all ouer a lit
tle bekoze, an (ce that no bꝛaunche oꝛ rote be left vncoue⸗
red, and when pe haue thus defiled pour tres, it any rote
ſhall put forth oꝛ ſpꝛing he rcatter out of the ſapde holes, in
growing, pe map ſa pꝛoyne them as pe ſhall fe cauſe, in
letting them fo remapne two oꝛ thee peares after; bute.
luch time as the layde gratkes be {prong vp and well 1
C ed.

p © How to ſet ſmall ſtaues by to ſtrengthen

your cyons.

O auopde daunger, pe thall ſet oꝛ pꝛicke fmall ſfaues
about pour cions, foꝛ feare of bꝛeaking, and then alter
thꝛer oꝛ foure peares, when they be well bꝛanched: pe may
then fet oꝛ plant them in god earth, (at the beginning of
Winter) but {ee that pe cut of all their mall bzaunches
harde by the ſtocke, then pe mape plant them ee ve
thinke god, ſo as they may remapne.
In taking vp trees, note.
E may well leaue the mayſter rote in the hole (when
ye digge him vp) it the remmued place be god foꝛ him.
tut of the maiſler rotes by the ſtubbe, but pare nat ok all
the mall rotes, and fo plai nt him, and he ſhall profite moꝛe
thus, than others with all theyꝛ maiſter rwies. ben as
tres be great, they muſt be dilbꝛaunched oꝛ bowes cut ol,
\ beloꝛe they be fet agapite, oꝛ elfe they will hardly profper.
If the tres be great, hauing great bꝛaunches oꝛ bowes,
when pe ſhall digge them vp pe mut diſbꝛanch them aloe
\ ye fet chem agayne, fo2 a tres ſhall be thus e
ep:

{

c

thep ſhall bring great Cyons from their rotes, which hail

be franke and god to replant, oꝛ fetin other places, and

wall haue alſo god bꝛaunches and rotes, fo that after it

ſhall not nerde to graſte them any moꝛe, but Walt continue
one ie after another to be kr and god.

€ How to cot uche the rootes nen they are proyned.

g 1 9 ſetting pour trers agayne, if ye will dꝛeſſe the rotes ol
ſuch as ye haue pꝛoyned, oꝛ cut of the bꝛaunches beloꝛe,
pe ſhall leaue all ſuch ſmall rots which grow on the great
rate, and pe Mall o place thoſe rotes in replanting againe
not derpe in the earth, ſo that they map fone growe, and
put foꝛth cions: which being well bfed, pe map haue fruit
fo god as the other afoze mencioned, being of thee oꝛ foure
ier 4775 as afore is . wee

4 What trees to proyne.

Cherry (called Beal mier) than foꝛ the plum tre. Alſo
it is very requiſit and mete koꝛ thoſe cpons oꝛ trees which
be graft on the wilde foluze Cherry tre, to be pꝛoyned al⸗
fo, fog diuers and ſundꝛie cauſes.

q Why che fower cherry dureth not ſo long asthe:
healmier or great cherry.

T be wilde and lowꝛe cherry, of his owne nature will

not lo long tyme endure, (as the great healme cherp,

neyther can haue fufficient fappe to nourich the graſtes, as

the great healme cherry which is graft, thereloꝛe when pe

haue pꝛov ned the bꝛaunches beneath, and the rotes alſo, ſo

that pe leaue rotes fufficient to nouriſhe the trer, then fet

him. It pe cut not of the vnder rotes, the trer wyll pꝛofite

moꝛe ealier, and allo lighter to be knowne when they put

foꝛth cy ons, from the rote et the lame, the which pe may
bape herealter.

—
—

¶ To 5

es
(

nes ef. g.

Tes wape of pꝛopning is moze harder foꝛ the great

—

N PN

16 The Arte of
Io graffe one great Cherie vpon anothir.
ye mutt bane relpect vnto the healme Cherrie, lr
is gratt on the wilde goynyꝛe ( which is another kynde
of great Cherrie)æ whether pou doe pꝛoyne them 02 not, it
is not mater iall:foꝛ they dure a long time. But pe muſt
fe to take awap the cions that doe growe from the rote of
the wilde goynire, oꝛ wilde Plum tree: bicaule they are of
nature wilde, and doe dꝛawe the fap from the fapde tre,”

@ Of deepe ſetting or fhalow,
Te fet pour ſtockes 02 trees ſome what neeper on the hie.
grounds than in the vallepes, bicauſe the Sunne (in
Sommer) ſhall not dꝛye the rote: and in the low grounde

11

moꝛe hallow, bycauſe the water in winter ſhall not dꝛoune

oꝛ annoy the rotes. Some doe marke the ſtocke in takyng
it vp, and to fet him ag aine the fame way, bicauſe he wyll
not alter his nature: fo like wiſe the graftes in grafting,

T he fourth Chapter doth fhewe howe

to fet other trees which come of wilde cyons prick⸗
ked in the earth without rootes: and alfo
of proyning the meaner cyons,

4 Trees taking roote prickt of braunches.

Here be certayne which take rote,

SK et being pꝛicked of bꝛaunches pꝛoyned of other

10 c trers, which be, the Pulberie, the Fig tree,

„e the QAuince tre. the Seruice tre, the Pomce⸗

: * gr anad tree, the Apple tree, the Damſon tree

and diuers forts of other Plum trees,as the Plum tree 1
Paradiſe. cc. we >

@ Howe one ought to fet them. ;
D2 to let theſe fortes of tres, pe mu cut of the pt |
twigges 02 boughes , betirt Alhallowtide and chꝛiſt⸗

malle, not lightly after. Pe thall choſe them which be —

*

Planting and Graffing. 17

.
great as a little ffatte oꝛ moꝛe, and loke whereas pe can

finde them fapze, ſmoth, and ſfraight, and full of fap with⸗

all, growing of pong trees , as of the age of thꝛe oꝛ foure
peares growth oꝛ thereabouts, and loke that pe take them
ſo from the tree with a bꝛode chylell, that pe bꝛeake not, 02
loſe anp parte of the barke thereof, moze than halle a fte
beneath, neither of one ſide oꝛ other: then pꝛoyne oꝛ cut off
the bꝛaunches, and pꝛicke them one fote deepe in the earth,
Weil digged and oꝛdered befoze,.

@ How to binde them that be weake. aay

ole plantes which be fender, pe muff pꝛoyne oꝛ cut of
the bꝛanches, then bind them to fome ſtake oꝛ ſuch like
to be ſet in geodd earth and well medled with god dung, and
alfo to be well and derpely digged, and to be let in a mop
place, oꝛ ay be well watred in Bommer.

@ Howe one ought to fun. the earth
for to fet them in.

An pee weulde ſet them in the earth, pie |
muff firſt prepare to dige it, and dung it well thoꝛow
out a large fte derpe in the earth. And when as pee will
let them euery one in his place made (befoꝛe) with a crowe
of pꝛon and foꝛ ta make them take rote the better, xe thall
put with pour planies,o2 watered otes, oꝛ harley, and fo ye ve
ſhall let them growe the ſpace of thee o2 foure peare, 02
when they ſhall be well bꝛanched, then pe may remoue thé,
and if pe bꝛeake of the old ſtubby rote and fet them lower,
they will laſt a long time the moze. It lome of thofe plantes
do chaunte to put foꝛih cions from the rote, and being ſo
roi ed, ye mut plucke thein vp theugh they be tender, and
vo oe in other places. 0
405

18 he ies of

Of Cions without rootes.

4 that the layde plantes haue ol ce wicht te rotes, |
but which come from the tre rote beneath, then cut them
not of€ till they be ot two oꝛ thre peares growth, by that
9775 they will gather of rotes to be Ea, in other
places.

To Plant the Figge tree,
He ſapde plantes taken of figge tres gratked; be the
beft : pe may likewiſe take other ſoꝛtes of figae tres,
and grafte one vppon the other; fo2 lyke as vpon the wilde
frees doe come the Pepins, euen ſo the figge, de: not ſo
ſone to peotper and geg, '

4 Howe to {et Quinces.

LV kewile the nature of Quinces is to ſpꝛing it they be
pꝛicked (as afoꝛeſapde) in the earth, but ſometimes 3
haue grafted with great ditficultie ( faith mine authour) dps
pon a white thꝛone, and it bath taken, and boꝛne kruite to
lobe eee in tatte moze weaker than the vite

4 The way to. a fet Wan

FR is allo another waye to fet Pulberies as kollo⸗
weth, which is, if pou doe cut in winter certayne great
Mulberye bowes, 02 ſtockes a ſunder in the bodye (wyth
à ſawe) in troncheons a fte long oꝛ moze, then per thall
make a great furrowe in god earth, well, and derpe, ſo that
pe map couer well againe pour troncheons, in ſetting them
an ende halfe a fote one krom another, then couer them as
gaine, that the earth mape be aboue thoſe endes, ther oꝛ
koure lingers high fo let them remapne, and water them
(in Sommer ik nerde be ſometimes, and clenfe them ftom
ali burtfull wckdes and rotes. 4

Note

Planting and Graf ing. 19

Note of the ſane.
2 then within a {pace of tyme after, the ſayde tron⸗

cheons wyll put forth Cyons, the which when they ber
tome what ſpꝛigged, hauing two oz thre ſmall twigges,
then pe maye tranſplant oꝛ remoue them where ver ptt:
but leaue pour troncheons fit in the earth. foꝛ they wyl put
loꝛth many mocions, the which, if they ſhall haue ſcantye of
rote, then dung pour troncheons within, with gad earth,
and likewyſe aboue alſo, and they ſhall do well.

The tyme meete to cut Cions. *

ye fhall vnderſtande that all tres the which ednet

doe put forth cyons, if ye cut them in winter, they writ
put forth and ſpꝛing moze pasa ee » forthen they be
all “te to ſet and plant. ron

10 fet bushe. trees, as Gooſe 1
or fall Reyſons.

T. be beinen other kinde ol Buche Erde, which toy
＋ of tions pꝛicked in the grounde, as the Gofe be⸗
rye tre, the ſmall Neyſon tre, the Barberye træ, the
Blatckthoꝛne tra, theſe with many others, to be planted in
winter, wyl grow without rotes: e mutt alſo pꝛoyne them
and they wyll fake well pnough, fo like wiſe pe may pꝛicke
(in Marche) of Dstars in mopſt groundes, and they wyll
growe, and ſerue to many purpofes foꝛ your garden.

The fift Chapter treateth of foure

manner of Graffinges,

N C is to be vnderſtoode that there be
9 8 many wapes of gratkinges, whereof 3 haue
A here onely put foure ſozts, the which be god,

2 both ſure and well pꝛcurd, and eaſpe to doe,

= peare 555 moze , fo2 4 haue (apeth he) gratfed in dur
houft, in euery moneth ercept Odober Nouember, x they

haue taken well which 3 haue (lerxeth he) in the winter be⸗
F. i. gun

8e 8 noth br Are Fr 4

gun to gratke and in the Sommer graft in the ſcutchine 02
fhield atroꝛding tothe time, fozivard oꝛ flotve; foꝛ certayne
trees; ſpetiallye pong fayꝛe tions haue ynough opmoze of
theyꝛ ſappt vnto myd Augull chats others fot a 9 1

ſommer beto2e, 90 10 | an
The firftwaye to gate W divibic meetz ' 7117 13990

A d fyatt ol all it is to be noted, that all ſoꝛtes of franke

trees, as alſo wylde trees of nature, mape be graft with
graffes, and in the ſcutchin, and both doe well take, but
ſpecially thofe trees which be of Ipke nature: therefoze it is
better ſ to grafte, holubeit, they may well grote and take
of other ſoꝛtes of trees, but certayne tres be wh 9 ao ano:
Wyll proſper fo well in the ende.

Hovve to graffe Apple trees, Peare — I 1
and Medler trees.

Hey graffe the er yal 0 other Peare .
165 ie, vpon Apple ſtocke, Cra 6.02 Wilding ſtocke, the
enen edler, vpon the white thꝛone, uu mad .
mon ly they bie to gratfe one Apple vpon another, and bo
Peares and Quinces, they graff on Nawthꝛone and crab.
kocke. Another kinde of fruite called in Frenche Saulfay,
they vled to graffe on the willow focke, the manerthereof
is hard to doe, which J haue not fene., Nen A pull let
patie at this pꝛeſent. .
II be graffing of great Cherries, J
Ter graffe the great Cherry called in French Heaul- :
miers, bpon the crabbe ſtocke, and another long Cher⸗
ry called ‘Gay niers vpan the wylde 02 ſower Cherry tra,
and kekewiſe. one Cherry vpon another. D
1005 Togralfe Medlers. 5 e
: Tee, Miſple 2 Pedlar, they mape be statin e on other
. Pedlars » oꝛ on whyte thꝛone: the Quince is gratfed
on the whpte oz hlacke thꝛone, and they doe pꝛoſper well. 4
| 17 e the Quince vpon a wylde Peare
sais ReaD Ut bry talkers aap bop kruite wee

tig FE

AA.
Mae
*
r

Planting andGraffing. 27

Oe wyll not long endure, J beldene (fayth he) it was bys
ufe that the craffe was not able vnough to dꝛaw the ſap
dorch Peare ſtocke:ſome gratke the edler on p quince,
to be great. And it is to be noted although the ſtocke, the
gtatte be of contrarye natures, pet nottwithltanding ney⸗
ther the graffe noꝛ ſculchin, Mall take any part of the nae
ture of the wylde ſtocke, ſo grafien, though it be Peare Ap⸗
ple, or Quince, which is contrarpe againſt maͤny whiche
haue written, that ik pe gracke the Pedler vpon the Quinte
fre , thep hall be without tones, which is abuſton ¢ moc⸗
kerie. Foz J. haue fapth he) pꝛoued the tontrarpe my ſelle.

Ol divers kindes of gralfes.

C is very true that one map fet a tré which thal beare
1 diuers forts of fruite at once, il he be gratked with diuerg
kinde of gratfes, as the black, whyte, and arene cherry

ktogpthers, and alloapples of other tres , as Apples and

Peares togythers and in the ſentchion (ve mape gratle)

ipkewiſe of diuers byndes alſo, as on Peares, Abzicotes,
and Plunis togyther, and of others allo, | f

ol graffing the Figge. 1

Yo map.grafte the Figge tre vpon the Peache tree 02 A⸗

bꝛicote, Put leaue a bꝛaunche on the ſtocke, ¢ that mutt

be according foꝛ the (pare of peares,fo2 the one Mall change

ſwner than the other. All tres aboue ſayd, do take very wel.
being graffed one with the other. Ind 3 haue not knowne
ob found of any others, howbeit (ſapth he) J haue cu rigully
ſought r pꝛwued, bicauſe they lape one may graffe on co lee,

warte, on Elmes, the which J thinke are but ietes.

Of the; great A bricotes,

“We great Abꝛicote they arattein Sommer in the ſcut⸗
chion oz ſhielde, in the fappeog barke ok the leller Abꝛi⸗
cote and be graffed on Peache tres; Nygge træs, and
pꝛincipallye on Damſon o: Plum trees, fo there they well

3 3 3093? id 2is5 12 d!
8 : Hit OF

a a a - i rr f r ae oe

22 The Arte of
a Of the Seruice tree, .
oF the Sernice tre, they fape and waite, that ther m
hardly be graft on other Seruice tres, epther on apple
treꝛs, eare, oꝛ Quince trees: and J belaue this to be very
harde to doe, fo J haue tryed (ſayth he) and they would not n
pꝛoue.
The ſetting of Seruices.
＋ 1 Hereloꝛe it is much better to ſet them of curnels, as it
is afozefapd, as alſo in the ſecond Chapter of the plan⸗
ting of Cions, oꝛ other great tras, which muſt be cut in
winter, as ſuch as ſhalbe moſt mete for that purpoſe.
Trees vvhich be verie harde to be graffed in
. the shielde or 18
A other maner of trees afozefapne, doe take verye well
to be graffed with Cyons, and alſo in the ſhielde, except
Abꝛicotes on Peches, Almondes, Percigniers , the Prach
tre, doe take bardlye to be graffed, but in the ſhielde, in
Sommer, as ſhalbe moze largelpe hereafter declared. As
foꝛ the Almonde, Percigniers and Peaches, ve maype bets
fer fet them of curnels and Puttes, whereby they Mall the
fener come to perfection to be graffed,

Hovvea man ought to confider thoſe trees, v hich
be kommonlie charged vv ith fruite.

Y E thal vnderſtand, that in the beginning of grafting,

ve muff conſider what ſoꝛtes ol tras doe moſt charge

the ſtocke with bꝛaunche and kruite, oꝛ that doe loue

fhe countreyp oꝛ grounde whereas vou intende fo plante o2
graffe them:foꝛ better it were to haue abundance of fruits,

than to haue verpe fewe oꝛ none god.
Of trees vvhereon to choofe your graffes.

J fuche tres as pe wyll gather your gratfes to gratfe

with. ve muſt take them at the endes of the pꝛincipall

bꝛaunches, which be alſo faire greateſt of ſap, hauing

two oꝛ thꝛæ fingers length of the olde wood. with the newe.
and thoſe Cions which haue of eyes ſome what nighe es

>.

SS ee Ai alia evr

Planting “aaah Gea ing. 23
cher, are the bett,fo2 Oe which be long o2,farre one from
anatber. be not fo gaod foꝛ to being fruite.

Thoſe Cions toyyarde the Eaſt are beft,

i ye ‘hall vnderſtand, that thoſe Cions Which do grow on

the Gaff, oz Oꝛient parte of the fre , are beſt: pe muſt
not lightly gather of the euyll z llender graffes, which grow
in the middes of the tras, noz any araffes which doe grow
within on the braunches, oz that doe ſpꝛing from the frocks
of the tree’, noꝛ vet graffes which be on verye olde frees, fo2
thereby pe ſhall not lightlye pofite to any purpofe, 5
To chooſe your tree for graffes. ware,
Az D when the Lres, where as pou intende tg gather
pour gratfes, be ſmall and poung , as of fyue oꝛ ſpxs
peares growth, doe not take of the higheſt gratfe thers
of, noz the greateſt, except it be of a ſmall tree of two 02 thece
peares, the which commonlpe hath to much of top oꝛ wod,
other wyſe not, loꝛ ve ſhall but marre pour graſfing.
Hovve to keepe graffes a long time.
E mape ker pe graffes along time god, as from all hale
lowetyde ( fo that the leaues be fallen) onto the tyme of
graftinge, if that they be well coucred in the earth halle a
fote deepe therein, and ſo that none of ecm doe appeare
without the carth.
Hovve to keepe de before they
are budded.
ve wal not gather them ercept pe haue great nerde, bre
tyll Chꝛiſtmas oꝛ there abouts, and put them not in the
grounde,nighe any walles, fo2 feare of Moles, Myre, and

water marryng the place and gratkes . It thall be god to

Rerpe graffes in the earth before they beginne to bud, when

that pe wyl graffe betwirt the barke and the trer, and 9 9

wenage beginne to enter into they: fappe.
Niovxe one ought to beginne to graffe.

1 mape well beginne to graffe (in cleauing the 1%

& Chaiflmatie, 07 befoze , accozding ta the caldeneſſe of
F. ig. ths

(

a

0

1
I
7

i **

the tyme and principally the Pealme oz gtent Ebert
Peares, Wardeiis, dre e Euch les: and

1 h fe sing sie it is go grating of, aan anne,

717

V ought to conſider alwapes whether the tra be foꝛ⸗
warde oꝛ not, oꝛ to be graſted fone oꝛ latewarde, and
to geue him alſo a graff: of the lyke haſte 02 llownelle. E⸗
uen lo pe muſt marke the tyne whether it be lo lue oz ſoꝛ⸗
as ... VVhen.ene wvill graffesvyhar neceſſaries he ough: => BY
gag cane (FR breathed dn 0
Vv Pent geuer pe goe to gratting, ſet ve be fick furnished
with gratkes Clap and Motte, clathes, oz barkes of
Sallowe to binde the graffes oꝛ clouen bꝛiars, oꝛ mall Oe
ers to binde lykewiſe withall. Allo ye muſt haue a ſmall

Sabwe, and a ſharpe knife, to cleaue and cut gratfes with

iL. But it were much better ik e choulde cut your graffes
pith agreat penkupke, oz lone other like ſharpe knife, ha⸗
bing allo g ſmall edge al harde wad, oro hon, wilhm
bon . leren allo a final wallet, And peur wylde ſtoc⸗
Hes nut be well ted before pe doe graffe them: and be
arate and plant all at one tome, vet they ſhall not paokite

fo woll, foꝛ w re the wild ftock hath not ſubſtance in him

Elke much leife ko geite bnto the other aratics, ea lub
hit beute onic tymcs, wedechde been, heath
hynder him ſelke. — e e eee ats
“a frie Of

*

w

Flaig end Graffn ing as

Pe Of graffes nocpiofperiig the 125 yete. 11

* pꝛolper after ik they doe not
Meter when fo 1
welzit were better to gratke them
eee ene e -W.
For to graffe vyell and beuge

A pd foo the belt vnderſkandingok g 1 1

gate

ve backe firſt cut away all the mall Cions i the body
2 beneath, And. before pe begin to cleaue pour
ne Po gene and cut your gtattes ſonteſphat ‘thicke and

ready, then tleque pout ſtocke , and as the clekt! 135 mall oz

\ E that Sib tats that very oe pour grafted chan i

great ifnede be, pare it mathe within, then cut vour inti⸗

lion of pour graffes accozdingly r fet them in iad cleftes ag

kuen, and as cloſe as ve can pollible.

-Hovve to trim your, graffes. i N

E map gratke pour gratkes full as lang as two oꝛ thee

truntchions oꝛ cut graffes „ which ye mae pkewyle
gralke withall perp well, and be as god as thoſe which doe
come of olde wd , and oftentimes better, as to graſte a
hough, for often it ſo happeneth, aman hall ünde of Oy⸗
lettes oꝛ eyes harde by the olde ſlender wood, vet better it
were to cut them of with the olde Wed, and che a better
and fay? a place, at ſome other exe in the ſame gratfe, and

rere “Ae
12 23
tt bree & 3 New

to make pour incifion therevnder, as afoꝛeſayde, and cut

our gractes in aia he 8 on 11 one See nats

ener:

ners ok the gr ae on he bende of the tocke which mat
be well and leane pared befoge,and then ſet falt ‘thereon, 3
* WI SO TET , iii; Howe

a.

f

\
\

26 The Arte f
Howie to to eutte graffes for Cherrics and Plummes.
|= is not muche requifite in the healme Cherrvs, ſoꝛ to
ioyne the graffes (in the ſtocke) wholye thꝛoughout, as it
is in others, oz to cut the graffes of great Cheries, dams
fons oꝛ plums fo thyn and yne as ve may other gratles,
fo2 thele fort haue a mae greater fap 02 pithe within, the
which ye muff alwayes take hede in cutting it to nygh on
the one ſyde . oꝛ on the other, but atthe ende thereat 9.
to be thinne cut and flat,
at Note alſo:
A pp vet ifthe fapdeincifion be moze racer u sil los
fer on the one fide than on the other fide, part it where

it is moſt mete , and where it is to ſtrapte, open it with

a Wedge of vꝛon, and put in a wedge of the fame wode as

boue in thecleft, and thus may pe moderate your graftcs,
as en fee cauſe.

. Horve in graffing to take heede that the
oct come barcke doe not ryfé, Tk

1 92 all Finde of cuttinge pour graffes , take bade to the

barcke of pour graffes, that it doe not ryſe (from the

wodde) on no ſyde thereof, and {pecially on the cutfyde,

therefore yee hall leaue it moꝛe thycker than the inner

ſyde: alſo pe muſt take her de when as the ſtockes doe

wꝛeathe in cleauing, that ye maye ioyne the gratle therein
Accordingly : the beſt remedye therefore is, to cut it ſmothe
within, that the gratfe mape ioyne the better, ve ſhall alſo,

vnto the motte greateſt fockes : chore fo2 them the 3

Rahe ee

Hoyye to cut r yout Rocke.

He" much the moꝛe pour ſtocke is thinne and gender,
ſo muche moze pe ought to cut him lower, and if your
ſtocke be as great as your fynger,o2 thereabouts , ve mays
cut him a focte, oꝛ halfe a foote from the earth, and dygge
him about, and dong him with goates dong, to helpe him
withall, and gratfe him but with one grafico, Cion.

Planting and Graff ing. 7 .

If the 1 0 ſtocke be great and ſlender.

1 * pour wylde ſtocke be great, oꝛ as byg as a god ffaffe,
pe ſhall cut him rounde of, a fte oꝛ thereaboutes about
the earth, then let in two good gratkes in the head 02 cleft

8

Trees as great as ones arme.

Ad when pour ſtocke is as great as pour arme vel

ſhall ſawe him cleane of rounde, thee 02 foure fte,

02 thereaboutes, from the earth, fo2 to defende him,
and fet in the head thꝛe graffes, two in the cleſt, and one
hetwirt the barke and the tree, on that (roe which pe ae
haue moſt ſpace.

Great᷑ trees as bygge as your legge.

I F the ttocke be as bygge as pour legge, 02 chrreabbung,
ve ſhall ſaw him fayꝛe and cleane off, foure oꝛ fyne fote

hie from the earth, and cleaue him a croſſe (if pe wyll) and

fet in koure graffes in the cleftes thereof, oꝛ els one clefte

onelxe, and fet two qraffes in both the lydes thereof, and o⸗

Se two graſtes, betwwirt the barke and the tre.

VVhen the graffes be pinched vvith
the ſtocke.

10 muſt foꝛ the better vnderſtanding, marke fo grafte

betwyrt the barke and the tree, for when the lap is full
in the wod of wylde ſtockes being great, then they do com;
monlp pinche oꝛ wing the qraffes to ſoꝛe, yt ye doe not put

a mall wedge of greene wod in the clift thereof, to helps

them withall againſt ſuch daunger.

Hovwve ye ought to clcaue your ſtockes.

7 wee o euer pe ſhall cleaue pout wylde fockes , take

herde that pe cleaue them not in the myddes of the

harte oꝛ pythe:but a litie on the one fide which lde pe ſhall
thinke good.

Hoy /e to graffe the 55 of great trees.

we fo euer pe woulde graffe great trees, as greate

as aia thighe, 02 greater, it were muche better to

G.i. graffe

}
(

28 The Arte of

gratfe onely the benunchker thereok, than the ſkocke oꝛ body

foꝛ the locke wyll rotte, befoze the graffes ſhall couer the

heade.
Hovve to cut braunches olde and great.
But if the bꝛaunches be fo rude, and without oder (the
beſt Hall be)to cut them all of, and within thee oꝛ foure
yeares after they wyll bing fayꝛe newe Cions againe and
then it hall be boſt to graſte them, and cut of all the sibs
fluous and vll bꝛaunches thereof,

Hovyvye ye ought to binde your graffes Bie
for feare of vvindes.

AD when pour graffes ſhalbe growne, ve muſt binde

them, foꝛ feare of ſhaking of the winde, and ik the tree be
free and god of him felfe, let the Cions growe ſtyll, and ve
mape gratte any part oꝛ bꝛaunche ve wyll, in the cleft , oꝛ
bet wirt the barke and the tre, eyther in Nahe ſcutchion, and
ifpou barke be fayze and loſe.

To fet many graffes in one cleſt.

ween pe wil put many graffes in one cleft, fe that one
inciſion (of your gratle) be as large as the other, not
fo be put into the cleft ſo ſlightly and raſhely, and that one
fide thereof be not moze open than the other, and that
theſe gratkes be all of one length: it ſhall {uffice alſo, if
ae 97 thee epes, on cache graffe without the ioynte

Hovve to ſavve your ſtocke, before ye leaue him.

] N ſawing your ſtocke, ſe that pe teare not the barke ae
bout the heade thereof, then cleaue bis heade with along
ſharpe knife, oꝛ ſuche lyke, and knocke pour wedge in the
myds thereof, (then pare him on the heade rounde about)
and knocke pour wedge in ſo derpe tyll it open miete foz
pour gratles, but not fo wyde, then holding in one bande
pour

138 and Graffi ing. 5

pour graffe, and in 5 other hande pour ſtocke, fet pour
gratte in cloſe, barke to barke, and let pour wedge be great
aboue at the heade, that pe maye knocke him out fapꝛe and
eatile againe. ,
| Tf the ftocke cleaue to wü or the
barke doe open.
F the locke doe cleaue to muche, oꝛ open the barke with
the wade to lowe, then {oftly open your ſtocke with pour
wedge, and lee if pour inciſion of pour graffe be all mete
and iuſte, accoꝛding to the cleft, if not, make it vntyll it be
merte, oꝛ elſe ſawe him of lower.
Hovve graffes neuer lightly take.

e all thinges ve mull conſider the meeting of the
“tio ſappes, betwirt the graffe and the wylde ſtocke,
which mutt be fet inf one with another, foꝛ pe ſhall vnder⸗
ſtande, ik they doe not ioyne, and the one delight with the o⸗
ther, being! euen fet, they ſhall neuer take togither, foꝛ there
is nothing onelx to ioyne theyꝛ increaſe, but the lappe, re⸗
counting the one againſt the other.
Hoy to ſet the graffes right in the pis

Won the barke of the ttocke is move thycker than the
gratke, ver muſt take god heede of the ſetting in of the
graffe in the cleft, to the ende that his fap may ioyne right
with the fap of the ſtocke, on the inſide, and ye ought lyke⸗
wiſe to conſider of the fap of the ſtocke, if he doe ſurmount
dhe graffes on the outſides of the cleft to much oꝛ not.

Of ſetting in the graffes,

Ano pe muſt take god herde, that the grafics be well
and cleane fet in, and ioyne cloſe vpon the head of the
focke : lyke wie that the incifion which is fet in the Clete; .,
doe ioyne very well within on both ſides, not to iopne ſo
“puen, but ſometpmes it mape doe ſeruice, when as the / »
graffes doe dꝛawe to muche from the ſtocke, oz the ſtocke 0

Ifo on the graffes doe put forth 3
“pci g , G. ij. Note

*

30 a he Arte of

Note alfo.

snd therefore when the ſtocke is rightly clouen , ‘there
As no daunger in cuttyng the incifion of the qraffe,but

a lytle fratght rebated , fo the ende thereof, that the
fappe maye ioyne one with the other, the better and clofer
togyther.

Hoyve ye ought to dravve out your vvedge,
Ween pour araffes fhall be well iopned within the
ſtock, dꝛawe pour wedge fayꝛe ⁊ foftlp foꝛth, foꝛ feare
of diſplacing pour graſtes, ve may leaue within the cleft a
ſmall wedge of ſuche greene wod, as is afozeſayde, and pe
ſhall cut it of cloſe by the head of your ſtocke, and fo couer
it with a barke as followeth.
Io couer your cleftes on the head.
wee pour wedge ts dꝛawne forth , put a grene pyll
of thycke barke of willow, crabbe, oꝛ apple, vpon pour
cleftes of the ſtocke, that nothing maye fall betweene: then
couer all about the cleftes on the ſtocke head two kyngers
thicke with good clape.o2 nye about that thickneffe, that no
wynde noꝛ rayne maye enter. Then couer it rounde with
good molle, and then wꝛeth it suer with clothes, oꝛ pilics of
Millowe, Bꝛpar. of Dstars,o2 ſuch lyke, then binde them
faſte, and ſticke cerfayne long pꝛyckes on the graſtes heade
amonges pour Cpons to defende them frei the Crowes,
Japes, oꝛ ſuch lyke.
Hovy ye ought to fee to the bynding
of your graffes.

B NT alwapes take good herde to the bende of pour
heds, that they waxe flacke,o2 ſhagge, nepther on the
one ſyde oꝛ other, but remaine faſt vpõ the clay. which
clap remapnes faſt (lykewiſe on the ſtocke head) vnder the
bynding thereof, wherefore, the ſayd claxe mutt be modera⸗

\ ted in ſuch foot as followeth.

Hovve ye ought to temper your claye.
Ts beſt waye is therefoꝛe, to trye pour claye betivirt
pour handes, fo2 ſtones and ſuch lyke, and (oto

Planie ade, fin ing. 31
it ag pe ſhall thinke 885 il loit requpꝛe of moyſtnelle oꝛ
dꝛyneſſe, and to temper it with the heyꝛe of Beaſtes, faz

when it dꝛyeth, it holdeth not ( otherwyle) fo well on the
ſtocke, oꝛ it ve kneade of moe therewith, oꝛ myngle haye
thynne there with: ſome do iudge, that the molle doth mae
the trees moſſie. But J thinke (faye bhe) that commeth of
the diſpoſition of places. :
* To bushe your graffe heades,
wen ve ſhall binde oꝛ wꝛappe your graſte heads with
bande, take hall thoꝛnes, and bynde them within,
foꝛ to defend pour graffes, from Rytes, oꝛ Crowes, oꝛ other
daunger ok other fowles, oꝛ pꝛycke of ſharpe wohyte ſkickes
thereon,
The fecond vraye to graffe hie braunches
on trees.
He ſeconde maner to araffe , is ſtraunge pnough to
many: this kinde of graffing is on the toppes of bran
ches of trees, which thing to make them growe light⸗
Ive, is not fone obtained: whereſoeuer they be graffed, they
do onely require a fayꝛe young wod, agreat Cion oꝛ twig.
growing hyeſt in the treꝛ toppe, which Cions pe (all choſe
to graſte on, ot many ſoꝛtes of frutes if pe wyl oꝛ as pe beni
thinks god, Which oder tolipweth,

Taue graftes of other ſoꝛtes of trees whiche yer woulde
graffe in the toppe thereof, then mount to the toppe ol

the tre which ve woulde graffe , and cutte of the toppes of
all ſuche bꝛaunches oꝛ as many as ve woulde graffe on, and
if they be greater than the araffes , which pe would graffe,
ve ſhall cutte and gratfe them lower, as pe doe the ſmall
wylde ſtocke afore layde. But if the Cions that vou cut, be
as great as pour graffe that pou arate on, pe ſhall cutte
them lower betwirt the olde wod and the newe, oꝛ a lyttle
moꝛe higher, oꝛ lower: then cleaue a iyttle and chooſe pour
graſtes in the lyke ſoꝛte which pe woulde . » whereof
oil ye

7

/

32 Bae The Arte

pe ſhall make the inciſion ſhoꝛte, with the barke on both
fides lyke, and as thicke on the one fide as the other. and fet

fo tuft in the cleft, that the barke maye be euen and clofe,
as well abaue as beneath, on the one fide as the other, and
fo bynde him as is alozeſapde . It ſhall ſuffice that euery

grate haue an oplet,oz exe, oꝛ two at the moſt, without the

ioynt, fo2 to leaue them to long it ſhall not be gad, and ve
muſt dꝛeſſe it with clay and molle, and bynde it as is afoꝛe⸗
ſayde. And lyke wiſe pe may gratfe thele as pe doe the little
wilde ſtockes which ſhould be as great as pour graffes, and
to graffe them as ye doe thoſe with ſappe like on both lides,
but then pe mutt qraffe them in the eh > as the kingers
of, oz there abouts, | :

The manner of graffing,is of graffes as
maie be fet berwsxt the barke :
And the tree,

| To gra fre betvvixt the barke and the tree;

T Bis maner of graffing is god when trees doe begin to
enter into theyꝛ ſappe, which is, about the ende of Fes
bꝛuarie, vnto the ende of Apꝛill, and ſpecially on great wild
Hockes Which be harde to tleaue, pe may {et in foure oꝛ ſiue

graffes in the head thereof » which gratfes ought to be ga⸗
thered afoꝛe, and kept cloſe in the earth tyll then, foꝛ by that

tyme afoꝛeſapde, ve ſhall ſcantlie finde a tre but that he
Both put fo2th oꝛ budde, as the Apple called Capendu, oz
ſuch like. Pe muſt thereloꝛe ſawe theſe wilde ſtockes moꝛe

charilp, and moze higher, ſo they be great, and then cut the
gratfes which pe would fet togyther, fo as you would ſette
them vpon the wilde ſtocke that ts cleft, as is afore rehear⸗
fed. And the inciſton of your grattes mult not be fo long noz
ſo thicke, and the barke a lyttle at the ende thereof mut be
taken awap, and made in maner as a launcet of von ’ and
as Wilen on the one ſide as the other.

Howe |

Planting and Graffing. ar
Hovve to dreſſe the heade, to place the graffes betvvixe
thebarkeandthe tree.

A EPL when your graftes be ready cut, then ſhall ye clenfe

the head of your ſtocke, and pare it with a ſharpe knife,
rounde about the barke thereof, to the ende pour. gratfes
map ioyne the better thereon, then by and by take a ſharpe
penknile, oꝛ other ſharpe poynted knife, and thꝛuſt it down
betwixt the barke and the ſtocke, ſo long as the incition of
your graffes be, then put pour graffes ſoftly downe therin
to the hard ioynt: and fe that it doe fit clofe vpon the ſtocke
heade.

0 Nov ve to couer the heade of your ſtocke.

V\ nas pe haue fet in pour craffes , pe mutt then co⸗

uer it well about, with god tough clay and molle, as
is ſapde ol the others, and then pe mult incontinent enup⸗
ron oꝛ compaſle pour heade, with ſmall thoꝛny buſhes, and
binde them faſt thereon all about, foꝛ feare of great byꝛdes,
and lykewiſe the winde.

Of the maner and graffing in the 5
or Scutchion.

‘Te fourth maner to graffe, which is the laſt, is to graffe

in the ſcutchion, in thefappe, in Sommer, from about
the ende of the moneth of Pape, vntyll Auguſt, when as
trees be yet trong in ſappe and leaues, foꝛ other wapes it
can not be done, the beſt tyme is in June and Julie, ſo it is
ſome peares when the time is very dꝛie that ſome trees doe
holde theyꝛ ſappe bery long, therloꝛe ve muſt tary tyll it ree
turne.

For to graffe in Sommer ſo lon gas the trees

be full leaued. a
FD to beginne this manner of grafting well, ye mul in
Sommer when the tres be almoſt full of fap, and when
they haue ſpꝛong forth of newe ſhewtes being ſome what
hardened, then ſhall pe take a bꝛaunch thereof in the top of

the tree, the which ve wyll haue gente” r chofe the higheſt,
G. ü. and

34 The Arte of
and the pincipallet bꝛaũches, without cutting it from the
old wod,¢ choſe therok, the pꝛincipalleſt oylet oʒ eie, oꝛ buds
ding place, of eche bꝛaunche one, with which oylet o2 eve, :
ve ſhall begin fo gratte, as kolloweth.
The bigge Cions are beſt to graffe.
P Rincipally ve muſt vnderſtand the the fintallett 2 naugh⸗
ty oyleftes oꝛ buddes of the ſayde Cions, be not fo god to
graffe, therefore chate the greateſt and bel pe can finde,
kyꝛſt cut of the leafe harde by the oylet, then ye ſhall trench
02 cut (che length ofa barlye coꝛne) beneath the oylet round
about the barcke, hard to the wod, and ſo lykewiſe aboue:
then with a ſharpe point of a knyfe, ͤpt it downe halle an
vnche befpde the oylet oꝛ budde, and with the popnt of a
ſharpe knyfe ſoftly rapſe the ſayd ſhield oꝛ ſcutchion, round
about, with the oplet in the middeſt, and all the ſap belon⸗
ging therevnto.
Hovyv to take of the shield fro the vvood.
Md koꝛ the better rayfing the ſayd ſhield oꝛ ſcutchion
A fromthe tow, after that ye haue cut him roũd about,
and then Apt him downe, without cutting any part
of the wand within, ve mutt then rayſe the ſyde next vou
that is llyt, and then fake the fame ſhield be wirt pour fine ©
ger and thumbe, and plucke oꝛ rayſe it fottipe of, without
bꝛeaking oꝛ bꝛoſing any part thereof, and in the opening
oꝛ plucking it of, holde it (with vour kynger) harde to the
wod, to the ende the ſappe of the oylet, may remaine in the
ſhielde, foꝛ if it qoe of (in plucking it) from the harckes, and
ſticke to the wod, your ſcutchion is nothing woꝛth.
To k novve your ſcutcbion or shielde, yvhen he
is good or badde.
. Af? koꝛ the moꝛe eaſier vnderſtanding, if it be god oz
adde, when it is taken from the wad, loke within the
lapde ſhielde, and ik pe ſhall ſe it cracke , oꝛ open within,
thon it is ot no value, foꝛ the chiefe fappe doth pet remayne
phehinde with the wod, which Would be! in the field Ather ⸗
e

_ Planting and Graffin g 33
fore ve mutt chofe and cut another ſhielde, which mutt be
gad and ſounde, as afoꝛeſayde, and when pour feutchion
ſhall be well taken of from the wode, then holde it dꝛye, by
the oylet oꝛ eye, betwirt pour lyppes, vntyl pe haue cut and
taken ot the barke from the other Cion oꝛ bꝛaunch, and fet
hym in that place, and loe that pe doe not lowle oꝛ wet it
p ,
eke Of young trees to graffe on. 3
ut ve muſt gratte on ſuch tres, as be from the bigneſſe
ol pour lyttie finger, vnto as great as pour arme, hauing
they: barke thinne and llender, foꝛ great tres commonly
haue theyꝛ barke harde and thicke, which ye can not well
gratfe this waye, except they haue ſome bꝛaunches with a
thinne ſmoth barke, mete for this way to be done.
Hav to ſet or place your ſbield.

YE mutt quickly eut of rounde the barke of the tre that

ve wyll graffeon , a lyttle moze longer than the ſhielde
chat ve ſet on, bicaufe it may ioyne the foner and cafier,
but take herde that in cutting of the barke, ye cut not the
wd within. reh

eee e ERG iad ee
A Iter the inciſion once done, ve muſt then couer both

tho ſides oꝛ ends well a ſoftly withall, with a litle bone
oꝛ hoꝛne, made in maner lyke a thin ſkinne, which ve thalt
lape it all ouer the iopntes oꝛ cloſinges of the ſapde ſhielde,
ſome what longer and larger, but take bede foꝛ hurting oꝛ
cruſhing the barke thereof, f 12

Hoyy to lyft vp the barke , and to fer your

108 > Shielde on.
‘T Bis done, take pour ſhielde oꝛ ſcutchion, by the oylet o2
eye that he bath, and open him fapꝛe and ſoftly by the
twa ſydes, and put them ſtrayght wapye on the other tree,
where as the barke is taken of, and ioyne him cloſe barke
to barke thereon; then plaine it ſoltly aboue and at both the

V. i. endes

l

36 ~ The Arte of
endes with the shinne bone, and that they ioyne aboue and

beneath barke to barke , ſo that hee maye lde well the
bꝛaunche of that tra.

Hovv to binde on your shielde,

Tbs done, pe muſt haue a wꝛeath of god hemp, to binde

the ſayde ſhield on in his plate: the maner to bynde it is
this, ve hall make a wꝛeath of hempe togyther as great as
a Goſe quyll, oꝛ there aboutes, 02 accoꝛding to the bigneſſe
02 ſmalnelle of pour tre: thé take pour hempe in the midſt,
that the one halfe may ſerue fo2 the vpper halfe of p chield,

in wynding and crofing (with the hempe) the ſapde ſhield,

on the bꝛaunche of the tree, but ſe that he bynde it not to
ſtraite, foꝛ it ſhall let him frõ taking 02 ſpꝛinging, and lyke⸗
wiſe theyꝛ fap can not eaſily come oꝛ paſſe from the one to
the other: and fe alſo that wet come not to pour ſhield, no2
lykewiſe the hempe that ve binde it withall. Ve Hall begin
to binde vour ſtutchion firſt behinde in the middes of pour
ſhie lde, in comming ſtyll lower and lower, k fo recouer bie
der the oylet, and tayle of pour ſhielde, bynding it nye togy⸗
thers, without recouering of the ſayd oylet, then pe thal res
turne againe vpward, in binding it backward to the midi
where ve began. Then take the other part of the bempe,¢

binde fo like wiſe the vpper part of pour ſhield, and increaſe

“pour hempe as pe hall neede. and / ſo returne againe backs

warde, ¢ ve ſhall binde it ſo, tyll the kruites oꝛ cliftes be cor

uered (both aboue and beneath) with pour ſayd hempe, ere

tept the oylet and his taile, the which ye muſt not e
that taple wyll mer iy ifthe n doe take.

On one tree ye maye graffe or put tvvo or
three shieldes. '

ye map verie well ik ve wyll, on euery tree graffe two 02
thr ſhieldes, but fe that one be not right againſt anos
ther, noꝛ pet of the one ſyde of the trer, let pour ſhieldes fo
remaine bounde on the trees „ one Poneth oꝛ moze yo
. | rep

ow

Planting and Graffing. 37
tbey be gratted, and the greater the tree is, the We. to re
maine, and the ſmaller the leſler time.

The time to vnbinde your shielde,
A d then after one Poneth o2 fire werkes paſt, ve mut
vnbinde the thielde , op at the leaſt, cut the hempe bee
hynde of the tree, and let it ſo remaine vnto the Mynter
next following, and then about the moneth of Parche, o2
Spall if pe wyl, oꝛ when ve ſhall fe the fap of the ſhield put
fo2th, then cut the bꝛaunche aboue the ſhield thee fingers
all about all of,
Hovve to cut and gouerne 5 braunches graffed
on the trees,
ses in the nert peare after that the Cions ſhall be well
ſtrengthened, and when they doe begin to ſpꝛing, then
fhall ve cut them all harde of by the ſhielde aboue, foꝛ if pe
had cut them fo nigh in the fürſt peare , when they began
firit to ſpꝛing oꝛ bud, it ſhould greatly hinder them againſt
their increace ot growing: alfo when thofe Cions hall put
forth a fayꝛe Wade, ve muſt binde and aye them in the
middes, fayze and gently with ſmall wandes, 02 ſuch like,
that the winde oꝛ weather hurt them not . And after this
maner of gratfing, is pꝛattiſed in the chielde 02 ſcutchion,
which way pe may ealily gratfe the white rofe on the red,
and like wile pe maye haue roles of diuers colours ¢ ſoꝛtes
vpon one bꝛaunche oꝛ rote: this I thought ſufficient and
meete to declare, ok this kinde of grafting at this pꝛeſent.

7 be. vi. C hapter is of tranſplanting
or altering of trees.
“The bse ye tranſplant or fet them, it shall be the better.

57 E ought to tranſplant oꝛ ſette pour

tres, from Alhallowtide vnta Marche, and
the ſwner the better , fo2 as (one as p leaues
are faltte from the tras , they be mete fo
Atto be planted , if it be not in a verie colde

9.0 0%

38 The Arte of

oꝛ moyſt place, the which then it were bed hrt to none vnto
Januarie, oꝛ Febzuarie:to plant in the froſt is not god.

To plage or fer tovvardes the South, or
Sunny place, is beſt.

Fore ve do pluck vp pour tres fo to plant them swe

will marke the ſouthlide, of ech tre, that when pe ſhal

replant them ve map fet them againe as they fad bes
fore, which is the beſt way as ſome doe fay. Alſo if pe ktepe
them a certaine tyme, after they be taken ont of the earth,
befoze ve replant them againe, they wyll rather retouer
there in the earth, fo they be not wet with raine, noꝛ others
wiſe, foꝛ that Mall be moze contrary to them et the great
heate 02 dꝛought.

e to cut the braunches of trees before pe
: they be fer, 99 Ay

Wenge pe hall fet oꝛ replant pont trées 8 iid ve
mutt cut of the boughes, and (pecially thoſe which are
great bꝛaunches, in ſuch fort that ve thall leaue the mall
twigs oꝛ ſpꝛigs on the ſtockes of pour bꝛaunch, which muſt
be but a ſhaftment long oꝛ ſome what moꝛe oꝛ leſle, accoꝛ⸗
ding as the tre Mall require which ve do ſet.

Applet trees commonlie muſt be ‘disbranpebed. befor re
they be replanted or fet. ·

Hd chiefly the Apple tres being qraffed oꝛ not graffed,

doe requpꝛe fo be diſbꝛaunched before they be ſette a⸗
gaine, foꝛ they Mall pꝛoſper thereby, much the better: the
other ſoꝛtes of tras maye well paſſe vnbꝛaunched, if ther
haue not too great oꝛ large bꝛaunches: and therfoꝛe, it Hall
be god to tranſplant o2 fet, as ſone after as the graſfes are
cloſed on the heade of the wylde ſtocke, as foꝛ mall tres.
which haue but one Cion oz twyg, it nedes not to cut them
aboue, when they be veplanten op temeued, 3 oul

oe
5

eee Grating, : 39

“all wipe ced se S branbched ben.
B rey are mpinattd or ſet.

al wylde . 02 5 which pe thinke fo? 5 gratle

on, pe muſt fyaſt cut of all theyꝛ bꝛaunches befoze ve fet
them againe, alſo it hall be god, alwayes to take hæde in
replanting pour tres, that ve doe fet them againe, in as god
oꝛ better earth, than they were in befoze, and fo every tre,
accoꝛding as bis nature doth requy2e, ) 152

VVhat trees lous: the fayre Sunne,yvbat trces
the colde ayre.

Ommonlp the molt part of trers doe loue the Sanne at

none, and pet the South winde (or vent dual) is very
contrary againt theyꝛ nature, and {pecially the Almonde
tree, the Abꝛicote, the Pulbery trie, the ygge tree, and the
Pomgranade tre: certaine other tres there be which lone
colde aper, as theſe: the Chelknut tree, the wylde and eager
Cherry tree, the Quinte tre , and the Damſon oz Plum
tree; the Malnutte loueth colde apꝛe, and a ſtonp Whpte N
grounde: Peare tres loue not greatly plaine places, they
pꝛoſper well ynough in places cloſed with W alles 02 high
bedges, and fpecialty the Prare called bon ee 3

Ok many 1 of trees ra ber % 1
| their nature,.

Tr Damſon oz Plum tree, doth loue a colde fatte earth,
and clap withall, the Mealme) great Cherry, doth loue

fo be fet oꝛ plauted vpon clay. The Nine tre,loueth light
earth, ffonp and ſandy. The Pedlar cometh well pnougd:
in all kinde of groundes, and doth not hinder his fruit to be
in the ſhadowe and moyſt places: Halell nut trees, loue the
plate to be cold, leane, mopſt and ſandy. Pe thal vnderſtand
that euery kinde of fruitekull tres, doth loue, and is moꝛe

fruitfull in one n another, as actoꝛding vnto their
5 ij. nature,

40 The Arte ice

nature, nenertbelette we ought to nourithe in ( all that
we maye) in the place where we fet them in, taking them
fro the place and grounde they were in. And ve mut allo
confider when one doth plant them of the great and largeſt
kinde of tres , that euery kinde of fre maye pꝛoſper and
growe, and it is to be conſidered alſo, if the trees haue conve
monly growne afore fo large in that grounde oꝛ not, foꝛ in
god earth, the trees mape well pʒoſper and growe, hauing
à god ſpace one from ee ? moze than it the gr ounde
were leane and naught.

- ‘Hovve to place or fer ‘trees at large?

12 this thing ve ſhall conſider, pe mutt geue acompetent

ſpace, krom one tre to another, when as ve make the
holes to fet them in, not to nye, noꝛ Sone tre touch ſo anos
ther. Foꝛ a god tre planted oꝛ fet well at large, it profiteth
oftentimes moꝛe of fruite, than thee oꝛ foure tres, fet to
nighe togythers. The mot greateſt and largeſt trees come
monly are alnuttes, and Cheſtnuttes, if pe plant them
feuerally in ranke, as they doe commonly grow vpon high
wWayes, beũde hedges t in feloes, they mull be ſet. xxxv. fte
à ſunder, one from another; oꝛ there aboutes, but if ve wyll
plant many ranks in one place togithers, ve muſt {et them
the {pace of. xlv. fete, onc from another, oꝛ there aboutes,
and ſo farre ye muſt (ef pour rankes one from another. Foz
the Peare trees and Apple tres, and other fortes of tres
which may be fet of this largeneſſe one from p other , ik ve
doe plant onely in rankes by hedges in the fields, 02 othere
Wile, it hal be ſufficient of. rv. fote one from another. But
if ye wyl (et two ranks vpon the fines of your great alleyes
in gardens, which be of ten oꝛ twelue fte bꝛode, it ſhall be
then beſt to giue them moze {pace , the one foom the other
in each ranke, as about. xxb. fte: alfo pe mutt not fet your
trees ryght one againſt the other, but entermedling oꝛ be⸗
e every ſpace, as they map beſt grob at large att if

Planting and Graffing. 41
neede be, ve may plant of other ſmaller trees betweꝛne, but
fe that pe fet them not to thick. If pe lyſt foꝛ to fet oꝛ plant
all vour trees of one bignede , as of pong trees lyke rods,
being Peare tres, oꝛ Apple trees, they mutt be fet a god
fpace one from another, as of. xx.oꝛ.xxx. fote in ſquare, as
to ſaye, from one ranke to another. Foꝛ to plant oꝛ ſette of

ſmaller tries, as Plum tres, æ Apple tres, of the lyke big⸗
nelle, it ſhall be ſufficient for them. xiiij.oꝛ.xv. fte ſpate, in

Quarters . But if ve wyll plant oꝛ ſette two rankes in
your allepes i in gardens, pe muſt deuiſe fo2 to pꝛopoꝛtion it
after the largeneffe of pour ſayde alleyes. Foꝛ to plant oꝛ
ſette eager oꝛ ſower Cherry trees, this (pace ſhall be ſufici⸗
ent ynough the one krom the other, that is, ok. x. oꝛ. rij fete,
and therefore if ve make ol great oꝛ large alleyes in pour
garden, as of ten fote wyde oꝛ there about they thal come
well to pale, and ſhal be ſufficient to plant pour tres, ol. ir.

02.¥.fmte fpacezand fo2 the other leſler fortes of trees, as of

Muince tres, Fiage tres, Put tries and ſuch lyke, which
be not commonly planted, but in one ranke togithers.

Ordering your trees,

wen that ve plant oꝛ ſet rankes,of euerp kind bende
togythers, ve ſhaill fet oꝛ plant the moſt ſmalleſt tos
wardes the Sunne, and the greateſt in the ſhade, that they
maye not annoy oꝛ hurt the ſmall, noꝛ the ſmall the great.
Alſo whẽſoeuer ve wyl plant o2 ſet of Peare trees, ¢ Plum
tres (in any place) the one with another, better it were to
fet the Plum trees next the ſunne, foꝛ the Peares wy! dure
better in the ſhade. Alſo ye muſt vnderſtand, when he ſet
oz plant any rankes of tres togythers, ve mutt haue moze
ſpace betwirt your rankes and tres., (then when ve ſette
buf one ranke) that they mape baue rome fufficient on es
uerie ſyde, pe Mall alfo ſcarcely fet oꝛ plant Peare trees, o:
Apple trees, oꝛ other great trees, vpon dead, 03 mollie barrẽ
e vnſtyzred, to ther increate(thereonto no mne

42 The Arte of
But other leer trees berie well maye wen » as Plum
trees and fuch lyke: nowe when all the ſayd thinges aboue
be conſpdered, ve ſhall make pour holes, according to the
ſpace that thall be requyꝛed ol euery tre that pe ſhall plant
du ſette, and alſo the place meete foꝛ the fame fo much as ve
maye conuenient, ve ſhall make pour holes large pnough,
foꝛ ve mutt ſuppoſe the træ ve doe ſette, hath not the halfe
of his rotes he ſhall haue hereafter, therefoꝛe pe muſt helpe
him and geue him of god fatte earth, (oꝛ dong) all about
the rotes when as pe plant him . And ik any of the fame
rotes be to long, and bꝛuyſed oꝛ hurt, ve ſhall cutte them
cleane of, a ſlope wyſe, fo that the vpper ſyde (of each rote)
fo cut; mape be longeſt in ſetting, and foꝛ the ſmall rotes
which conte fo2th all about abe ae ai 5 of
as oF i rotes.

4 1 aa lowe ye 8 to eta 0 2 5 for your yoo Ga
te trees, vrhen ye plant chem. ent “i

xy Banas as ve ſette the tres inthe holes, ve mult then
enlarge the rotes, in placing them, and fe that they
take all downewards, without turning any rotes the ende
vp warde, and ye muſt not plant oꝛ fet them todepe in the
earth, but as ve ſhall fe cauſe. t ſhall be ſufficient fo2 them

tu be planted oꝛ fet ( halfe a fote, oꝛ there aboutes) in the

earth, fo that the earth be aboue all the rofes halſe a fote 03
— place be not very burning meien fet
3 1 5 Ot dong 00 Baar cart for your panes 1 155 5 * :

AR uben as ye tolle minis 02 2 fet; ve mütt abe a
god fatte earth oꝛ dong, well medled with a part of the
ſame earth where as pe toke pour Plantes out of; wylh

all the vpper treſtes o the earth, as thick as ye tan haue it:
the fad earth whith pe ſhall put about the rates, m

be

Planting and Graffi ing. 43
be: putto nigh the 3 of the dong being lapd to
nigh, which wyll put the ſayd rotes in a heate, but let it be
well medled with the other earth, and well tempered in tha
holes, and the ſmalleſt and ſlendꝛeſt Cions that turnes by
noni rote rotes, ve map plant therewith ne melt

If ye haue vvormes amongeſt the earth
hoe of your rootes.
14 there be woꝛmes in the fat earth 02 dong , that ye put
about pour rotes, pe muſt medle it well allo, with the
dong of Oxen oꝛ Lyre, oꝛ ſlekt ſope aſhes about the tote,
which wyll make the Moꝛmes to dye, fo2 Neher en, they
wyll hurt greatly the rotes.

To digge well the earth about 1 tree rootes.

; Aber ve muſt dygge well the earth, pꝛincipally all round

ouer the rotes, and moze oftner, if they be dope; then ik
they be wet: pe mutt not plant. oꝛ let trees when itraineth,
noꝛ the earth to be very mopſt about the rotes. The tres
that be planted oꝛ fet in valleps, commonly pꝛoſper well by
dꝛougth, and when it raineth, they that be on the hylles are
better by watring with dꝛoppes, than others, but ik the
2 place 02 grounde be moyſt of nature, ve muſt plant 02. ſet
ith trees ſo Nate thereon,

‘The nature of places.

8 and dꝛye places, ve mutt plant oꝛ fet pour tres

alpttle moe deeper thar in the valleys, ¢ ve muſt not
oll the holes in high places, fo full as the other, to the ende
a we ita beirut them.

12 Of good earth. yt, eee .
¢ hal vnderſtand that of god earth, tõmonly commeth
gad fruite, but in certayne places ( if that they myght

befutereo to rowe) they would ſeaſon the tree the better.
8 we) ther 297 Other

The Arte of

Otherbvyle cher a not come to orꝛate nos vet dae, gon
taſte.

Vvich vvhat ye ought to binde your trees,

Wpengener pour tres ſhalbe replanted oꝛ ſet, pe mull
knocke in (by the rote) a fake, and binde pour trees
thereto foꝛ feare of the winde: and when they doe ſpꝛing, xe
ſhall dꝛelle them and bind them with bandes that may not
bꝛeake, which bandes may be of ſtrong ſoft hearbe, as Bul⸗
ruſhes oꝛ ſuch lyke , oꝛ of olde linnen clowtes, if the other be
not ſtrong pnough, oꝛ elſe ve may bind them with Oziars,
02 ſuch like, but fo2 feare of fretting oꝛ hurting pour trees.

The fenenth UP apter ts of of medecining

and keeping the trees when they are planted,

The firft councell is, vvhen your trees s be but plantes (in n ¢
yveather) they muſt be vvatred.

K WC yong tres which be newly planted, mutt foxes
$ times(in Somer) be watred when the tyme twareth

die, at the leaſt, the firſt veare after they be planted
o2 fet. But as foꝛ other greater trees which are well taken
t roted a god time, ve muſt digge them all ouer the rwtes
after Alhallowtide, vntouer them foure oꝛ flue fote come
paffe about the rote oꝛ tr: and let them ſo lye vncouered
vntyll the latter ende of Minter . And ik pe doe then
meddle about cach fre of god fatte earth oꝛ Danny to heate
and comnfopt the earth when hall be a, in

07 ad eh ff 19 26

eee, EIA

A Hd principally vnto mollie treꝛs, dong them with bons

A dong medled with other earth of the fame ground, and
the dong of Oren be next about the rotes, and ve ſhall alto
abate the moſſe of the tres ; with a great knife phew :
ach lxke, ſo that ve burt not the barke thereol. f VVh a
en

Planting and Graffing. 45
Vrvhen ye * to vncouer your tree:
in Sommer,

12 the tyme of Sommer , when the earth is ſcantly balfe

moytt, it hall be god to digge at the fte of the trees, all as
bout on the rote, ſuche as haue not beene vncouered in the
Winter beloꝛe, and to meddle it with god fat earth: and fo
fyll it againe, and they ſhall doe well.

Vvhen ye ought to cut or proine your trees,

A Nd ik there be in pour tres certaine bꝛanches of fupers
fluous wod that ye wyll cut of, tarp vntyll the tyme of
the entering in of the ſappe, that is, when they begin ta bud,
às in arche and Apꝛill: then cutte of as ve ſhall fe cauſe,
all ſuch fuperfluous bꝛaunches hard by the tree, that therbp
the other hꝛaunches maye pꝛoſper the better, foꝛ then they
hall ſoner cloſe theyꝛ ſappe vpon the cut places than in the
M inter, which ſhould not do fo wel to cut them as certain
do teach which haue not god experience. But koꝛ ſo much
as in this time the trees be entring into the ſap, as is atoꝛe⸗
ſapde . Take heede therefore in cutting then ol pour great
bꝛaunches haitily, that though their great waight. they da
the pak oꝛ ſeperate the barke from the tre in ane Rue
thereof.

Hovve t to cur your great breunches,and ryhen.

A fo fo? the better remedie: Fy2tt vou ſhall cut the ſame
great bꝛaunches halle a fte from the tre , and after to
ſawe the reſt cleane of harde by the body of the tree then
with a bꝛode Chiſell cut al cleane ¢ ſmoth vpon that place,
then couer it with Dre dong. Ve may alfo cut them well in
l ynter, fo that ve leaue the trunke oꝛ bꝛaͤunch ſomewhat
longer, ſo as pe may dꝛeſſe and cut them againe in Parche

, is befoze mencioned.
J. 1. Howe

: : eee
4.6 The Arteof:

Hovve ye ougbt to leaue thefe great
braunches cut,

Ther thinges here are to be ſhewed of rertaine great
O and olde trees onelp, which in cutting the great bꝛaun⸗
ches thereof truncheon wyſe, doe renc we againe, as Wal-
nuts, Bulbery tre, Plum trees, Cherry tras with others,
which ve muſt diſbꝛaunche the bowes thereof euen alter

Alhallowtide, oꝛ as fone as theyꝛ leaues be falne of, and

ipketwife beloꝛe they begin to enter into fap,

Of trees hauing great braunches,

e ſapde great bꝛaunches, when pe hall diſbꝛaunche

them, pe ſhall focutte them of in ſuche truncheons, of

length en the tre, that the one mape be longer than the o⸗

ther, that when the Cions be growne god and long there⸗

on. pe maye graffe on them againe as pe ſhall fee cauſe, ace
toꝛding as every arme ſhall requyꝛe. | TNS

Of barrenneffe of trees, the time of cutting yll braunches
| and of yncouering the rootes. .

SOmetymes a man hath certaine olde tres, which be al.

molt ſpent, as of the Peare tres and Plum trees, and
other great trees, the which beare ſcante of fruife , but

when as ye ſhall ſer ſome bꝛaunches well charged theres
with then ye ought to cutte ot all the other pll bꝛaunches

and bowes, to the ende that thole that remaine may haue
the moꝛe fappe to nouriſhe they2 kruite, and allo to vncouer
theyꝛ rotes after Alhallowtyde, and to cleaue the moſt

greatell rotes thereof (a fte from the tronke) and put in

to the fapde cleftes, a thin late of hard ſtone, there let it re⸗

maine to the ende that the humour of the tree, mape enter

out thereby, and at the ende of Winter pe hall couer him

againe with as god and fat earth as ye tan get, and let the
Gone alone. e pips

Cres

Planting and Graffing. 4
Trees the vvhich ye muſt helpe or plucke vp by the rootes.

Al fortes of trees which {pring Cions fro the rotes, as

A vinm tres, all kinde of Cherry tres and ſmall Nutte

tres ve muſt helpe in plucking theyꝛ Cions from the

rotes in Winter, aſſone as conueniently pe can, after the

leafe is fallen. oꝛ they doe greatly pluck downe and wea⸗

an fayd tres, in drawing lo them the pehioiaes of —
ear

VVhat doth make a 854 Nutte.

BAA chiefly to plant thefe Cions the belt wave is to let
them growe and be nouriſhed two oꝛ thee pcares from
the rote, and then to tranſplant them o2 fet them in the
Minter, as is afoꝛeſayd. Whe Cions which be taken from
the fote of the Haſel trees, make god uttes, and to be of
much ſtrength a berfue, when they are not ſuffred to asap
to long a abe rute oꝛ fote afoꝛ eſayde I
Tr rees eaten vvith bender, wut be gel againe,
yee certaine avattes being well in fappe , of the 0 02
foure peares 02 thereabouts, be broken oꝛ greatly en⸗
domaged with beatts which haue bꝛoken therot, it ſhal litle
20fite to leaue thoſe graffes ſo, but it were better to cutte
them and to gratle them higher oꝛ lower then they were bee
foe... $02 the graffes ſhall take as well vppon the new as
olde Cion being graffed, as on the wylde focke: but it ſhall
not ſo ſone cloſe, as bpon the wilde ſtocke head.

Hoyv your vxylde { gocbes ought not haſtily
to be remoued.

1 SP the beginning when ve haue gratled your graffes on
‘the wylde locke, do not then haſtilp pluck vp thofe Cions
oz wylde ſtockes fo graffed, vntyll ve thall fa the graffes
put foꝛth a new chelnte, the which remapning ttyl, ve mar
gratte thereon againe, fo that pour graftes » in batty rema⸗

uing may chaunce to dee.
40. VVhen

— 2 *

48 The Arte of
Vyhen ye cur of the naughtie Cions
ftom the vyood.

wee your araffes on the ſtockes, ſhall put with of

newe wood, 02a newe ſhewte, as of two oꝛ thee fate
long, and ik they put foꝛth alſo of other ſmall ſuperfluous
Cions (about the ſayd members 02 bꝛanches that ye would
nouriſhe) cut of all ſuch pll Cions, hard by the heade, in the
fame peare they are graffed in, but not fo . as £9 wood
is in eas cig the winter after,

11

Hoxve ſometimes to cut the principal!
members.

Au it is geod to cut ſome of the pꝛincipall menten 0

bꝛaunches i in the fyꝛſt veare if they haue to many, and

then againe within two oꝛ thee veares after when they
ſhal be well ſpꝛong vp, ⁊ the gratfes well cloſed on the head
of the ſtock: pe may trim and dꝛeſſe them againe, in taking
wap the fuperfluous bꝛaunches ik any there remaine , fo2
it is (ufficient pnough to nouriſhe a pong tre , to leaue him

one pꝛincipall member on the heade, fo that he maye be one
ok thoſe that bath ben graffed on the tree befoꝛe, pea and the
fre ſhall be fapꝛer and better in the ende, than if he had two
02 thꝛæ bꝛaunches oꝛ pꝛecidens at the fote. But it the tre
haue bene grafted with many great Cions, then ve mut
leaue him moꝛe largely, accoꝛding as pe fhall fe cauſe 02 -
9 5 5 recouer the cleftes on the head of the layde gratle
oꝛ ſtocke.

Hovve to guide and gouerne the faide trees,

WV Ben that pour trees doe begin to ſpꝛinge, pe muſt oꝛ⸗
der ¢ fx to them well the (pace. of thꝛe 02 foure peres,

oꝛ moꝛe, vntyl they be wel and ſtrongly growne,in helping
them aboue in cutting the mall twigges, and fuperfluous
wd, tntpll they be ſo bye without bꝛaunches as a man. oꝛ
Moe 4 it max be, and then fe to them well, in placing the

, pein⸗

Planting and Graffing. 49

prineipat bꝛanches if rene be, with forks oꝛ wandes pꝛickt

ryght and well about them at the fate, and to pꝛoyne them
ſo that one bꝛaunch doe not appꝛoche to nigh the other, noz

pet frette the one the other, when as they doe enlarge and

growe, ve mult alſo cut of certaine bzaͤunches in * tra,
where as ther axe to thicke. es

7 A kinde 56 f clineffei in trees,

Wpen tertaine trees are ficke of the Gall, whiche i isa

Rinde of fickneffe that doth cate the barke, therefore

ve muſt cut it, ¢ take out all the fame infection with à Che⸗

fill, oꝛ ſuch like thing. This mult be done at the end of wins

ter, then put on that infected place of Dre dong, oꝛ Hogges
5 dong, and binde it falt theron with clowtes, and wꝛappe it
with Oziars, ſo let it remaine along tyme, tyll it ſhall re⸗

coucr againe, :

. N Trees Which haue vvormes in the barke,

O F tries Which haue Moꝛmes within theyꝛ barkes, is
where as pe ſhall fee a ſwelling oꝛ ryſing therein, there⸗
5 foꝛe ve muſt cut oꝛ cleaue the ſayde barke vnto the wade,
to the ende the humoꝛ may alſo diſtyl gut thereat, and with
à lytle hoke pe muff plucke oꝛ dꝛaww out the ſapd wozmes,
withall the rotten wod that pe can fe, then ſhall ye put vp⸗
on the ſayd place, a plapſter made of Dre dong, 02 of Hogs
Dong medled and beaten with Hage, and a lytle of vnlleckt
lyme, then let it be all well blende togyther, and wꝛap it on
à cloth, and bind it faſt € clofe theron fo long as it wyl hold.
The lpes ot wine Med o2 poured bpd the rotes of tres (the
which be ſomewhat ficke thꝛough the colonefte of fhe ay)
7 er an dath them much .

beer nee and vivormies; ne marre trees.

K pe mul ike herde of all maner of yous tx iapisnt
gig or thole graffes, the which many eek and
pes

|

—-- ~- «=e

ae te ee: em ie tee

50 Ari The Arte of Se ROS
fives doe endomage and hurte in the tyme al Somuers
thoſe are the {nailes, the piſmiars, oꝛ antes, the field inaile
whiche hurteth allo all other foztesof trees that be great,
Feen in the time that the Cuckowe doth ling, and be⸗

Wirt Apꝛill, and Pidſomer, while they be tender. There
be little beaſtes called Sowes, which haue many legs: and
ſome be of them grape, ſome blacke, and ſome bath a long
ſharpe ſnowte, which be very noyſome, and great hurters
of pong graffes, and other pong trees alfa, foꝛ they cut of in
eating the tender toppes (ol the vong Cions) as long as
ones fynger. acne 2 SHOE Ty: 1

Horve ye ought io take the ſayde
N vyormes, . 77 i
FO: to take them well, ye muſt take herde and watche in
the heate ok the daye (your pong trees) and where ve ſhall
fe anp, put your hand ſoftly vnderneath, without ſhaking
the tre, for they wyll ſodaynly fall, when one thinkes to
take them: therekoꝛe fo fone as pou can (that they flye not
away noꝛ fall) take him (quickly on the Cion) with pour gs
ther hande. e n

To keepe Antes from yong trees.

FO: to kepe the pong tres from ſnayles and Antes: it
ſhall be god to take aſhes and to mingle vnlleckt lyme;
beaten in powder there with, then laye it all about the rote
ok the tree, and when it rayneth, they ſhall be beaten downe
into the aſhes and dye: but ye muſt rene we pour aſhes at
ter euerie rayne krom tyme to tyme : alſo to kæpe them
moyſt, pe mull put certaine ſmall veſſels full ot water, at
the fote of pour layde trees, and alſo the lyes ol Mine, to be
ſpꝛeade on the grounde there all abdutes . Foz the beit
deſtroping of the ſmall ſnaples on tres, pe muſt take god
bade in the (pring tyme , before the tres be leaued, then
if pee ſhall ſæ as it were ſmall weartes, knohbes oꝛ bꝛaun⸗
ches on the trees, the ſame wyll be ſnapclees.
89900 Pꝛouide

Plant g nade Graft ing. 51

spronine fo take them awaye fapꝛe and foftlic, before they
be full cloſed, and take bade that ye hurte not the wod 03

5 barke of the lapde tres, as lyttle as ve tan, then burne thols

bꝛaunches on the earth, oꝛ all to treade them vnder vour
frete, and then ik any doe remaine oꝛ renewe, loke in the
heate ol the dave, and if ve can ſe any, which wyll com⸗
monlie be on the cleftes oꝛ foꝛkes of the bꝛaunches, and als
fo vpon the bꝛaunches lying lyke toftes oꝛ troupes togy⸗
ther, then wꝛappe pour handes ali ouer with olde clothes,
(and bynde of leaues beneath them, and aboue them, ) and
with pour two handes rub them downe therein, and ſtrapt
wape kyꝛe it, if pe doe not quickly with dilligence, they wyl
fall, and if they fall on the earth, pe can not lyghtlie kyll
them, but they wyll renewe againe, theſe kinde of woꝛmes
are noyſome flyes which be verye ſtraunge, therefore take
herbe that they doe not caſt a tertaine redneſſe on pour face
and body, foꝛ where as there be many of them, they be
dangerous: it is ſtraunge to tell of theſe kynde of woꝛmes,
if pe come vnder oꝛ among the tres, where as be many,
they wyll caſt pour face and handes, (pour couered body,
as vour necke, bꝛeaſt and armes) full of ſmall ſpottes, ſome
red, ſome blacke, ſome blewiſhe, Which wyll fo tyngle and
trouble pou lyke netles, ſometymes foꝛ a dape, oꝛ a daye
and a nyghte after: they be moſt on Plum tres , and
Apple trees, nighe vnto moyſte places, and vll apꝛes vet
neuertheleſſe , by the grace of God there is no daunger
(that J vnderſtande) to be taken by them. Pe ſhall vn⸗
derſtande that if it be in the euening, oꝛ in the moꝛninge,
when it rapneth, they wyll remapne about the graffing
place of the tre, therefore it wyll be harde to fynde them,
becauſe they are fofmall . Moꝛeouer, it ſuche bꝛaunches
doe remayne in the vpper parte of the bowes oꝛ tre , pe
ſhall bynde of deve ſtrawe about the bowes all vnder,
then with a wilpe on a poles ende, ſet fyꝛe on all, and burne
them.
ö N B. i. A

322 The Arte o
A note in {pring time of aladdin

Rye! is to be vnderſtande and noted, that in the wein
tyme onely when trees doe beginne to put fo2th Hide .
and bloffones,ye mutt then alwaies take herde vnto them,
foꝛ to defend them krom the kroſt, (ik there come any, with
Fumigations oꝛ ſmokes made on the winde five of your
Oꝛchardes, oꝛ vnder pour trers) with ſtraw, hey, dex chatle,
dꝛye Ore dong, of ſaw duſt dꝛied in an ouen, of Tanners
oze dꝛyed lyke wiſe, of Galbanum , of olde ſhoes, thatche of
houſes, of hayꝛe and ſuche lyke, one of thele to be blende
with another: al theſe be god againſt the froſt in the {pring
tyme, and {pecially god againſt the Caf wind, which bag 4
deth (as ſome a) the Caterpiller wozme,

To defend the Carerpyller

A D forme doe defend theyꝛ tres from the caterppiler
when the blolloming tyme is dꝛye (ik there be no froſt)
by caſting of water, a2 ſalte water, euerie ſeconde oꝛ thirde
day vpon theyꝛ tres, (with inſtrumentes fo2 the ſame, as
with ſquyꝛtes of wod oꝛ bꝛaſſe 02 ſuch like) foꝛ in in kæ ping
of them moyſt, the Caterpiller cannot bꝛæde thereon: this
experience haue J knowne pꝛwued of late to be god. Foz
to conclude, he that wyll ſet oꝛ plant tres, mutt not pall
fo2 any paines, but haue a pleafure and delight therein,
in remembꝛyng the great pꝛolpte that coms
meth thereby: againſt fcarceneffe of
Coꝛne, fruite is god aye fo2
the poze, and often it
hath berne ſe ne
one Aker of Oꝛchard ground woꝛth foo ze
Aker of wheate grounde,

FINIS

Here foloweth a lyttle treatife howe one
maie graffe and plant, ſubtill or artificiallie , and to make
many thinges in Gardens verie ſtraunge.

r 4 then wꝛeath him ok, and fet him vpon anos
3 Uther Cion, as great as he is, then delle him
as is afozelayde , and he ſhall growe and beare.

To graffe one Vyne vpon another.

F to graffe one Tine vpon another, ve ſhall cleaue him
+ as ve doe other trees, and then put the Uine graffe in the
tlift, then ſtoppe him cloſe and well with waxe, and fo bind
him and he ſhall growe.

If a tree he to long vvithout fruite.

E hall vncouer his rote and make a hole with a Piers
ter oꝛ ſmall awger. in the greateſt rote he bath, without
pearcing thoꝛowe the rote, then put in a pinne (in the ſayd
hole) of dꝛye wod, (as Oke oꝛ Aſhe) and ſo let it remaine
in the ſayde hole, and ſtoppe it clofe againe with ware. and
then caſt earth and couer him againe, and he ſhall bears
the ſame peare.
— * N. , For

3 na A.
54 Ihe Arte of
For to haue Peaches tvvo mo acthes before other |

Take. bff Cions ofa Death tr that doth lane blodome

Inn the lpꝛing tyme, and grafke them vpon a kranke Pul⸗
bery tre, 11 8 be ſhall bꝛing of Peaches two Moneten * f
ſoꝛe ochers.

To haue Dam fons or other Plums, vnto
: Alhallovvtide.

Du to haue Damſons al the Sommer long vnto Alhal⸗

lawtyde, and cfimany other kynde of ſoꝛtes lykewiſe, pe
ſhall qrafte them beon the Gwlebery tre, vpon the franke
Mulbery tre, and vppon the Cherry tre, and they ſhall en⸗
dure on the trees tyll Alhallowtide.

To make Medlars, Cheryes and Peaches in eating
do taſte like ſpy ce.

Oꝛ to make Wedlars, Cherries and Peaches to tallet in

the eating pleafaunt Ipke ſpice. the which may allo kepe
vnto the newe come againe, ve ſhall graſte them vpon the
franke Pulberp tre , as J haue afore declared and in the
graffing, pe ſhall wette them in hony, and put a lytle of the
powder of ſome god ſpyces, as the pouder of Cloues, of Cv
namon oꝛ Ginger.

To make a Muſcadell afte,

Fo: to make a Puſcadell taſte, take a gouge oz Chel of .
pꝛon, (and cut your fappe round about) then put in pour
gouge oꝛ Chefill vnder pour ſappe on your Cion, and rape
thꝛe eyes oꝛ oylettes rounde about, and ſo take of fapꝛe and
ſoftly pour barke round about, and when he is fo taken of,
doe annoynt it all ouer within the barke, with powder of
Cloues, oꝛ Nutmeds, then fet it on againe, and top it clofe
with ware rounde about, that no water may enter in. and
within thꝛyce bearing, they ſhall bꝛing a fayze Muſcadell
reyſon, which ye may alter both graffe and plant, and they
ſhall be all after a Wu fcadell fruite: ſome nettes the barks
downe, and ſo put in of ~~ | To
,

54

Planting a 1 Graffing. 55
To ſet Apples and Peart ss to com vithout Ne
blooming. - f
Oꝛ to make Apples, and Peares, x other fortes of kruite
to come without blofioming, that is, pe Mall graffe them
(as pe doe other kinds ol fruite) vpon the figge tre. a
To haue Apples and Cheftnuttes rache; and alfo f
long on the trees,
2: to haue Apples called in French) de blanc Durell 02
de Yroael.¢ of Cheſtnuttes very rathe, and long (as vnto
Alhallowtide) on the tres : and to make ſuch fruite alſo to
endure, the (pace ot. ij peares, ye (hall graffe them on a lates
ward fruit, as ponte Richard, oꝛ bpd a Peare tr be, 02 Apple
tree of Dagoitl e.
To haue goed C herries on the trees, at Alhallovveide,

6 * haue Cheries on many tres, god foꝛ to eate vnto Als

hollontide, ve ſhall grafte them vpon a franke Pulbery
tre, and like wiſe fo graſte them vpon a n illow, oꝛ fallow
tre, and they ſhall endure vnto Alhallontide, on the tras.
To haue rathe Medlars tyvo Monethes before others,

Fos to haue Pedlars two Monethes foner than others:
and that the one ſhall be better farre than the other, ve
ſhall gratfe them vpon a Ooleberry tree, and alſo a franke
Mulbery tree, and befoꝛe pe doe graffe them, ve me Wette
chem! in Bonnie, and then gratfe them. :
For to haue rathe or tyme lie Peares.

Fs, to haue a rathe Peare the which is in Fraũce, as the
Peare Cailonet, and the Peare Haltinean . Foꝛ to haue
them rathe oꝛ fone , ve ſhall graffe them on the Pine tre:
And fo2 ta haue them late, xe thal graffe them on the Peare
called in Fraũte Dangoiſſe, oz on other like hard Peares.

Tuo baue Mifples or Medlars vvithout ſtones.

Fe to haue Medlars without tones, the which Mal taſte

werte as honp, ve hal * as the other, vpan an
a ; R. ii. Eglent ine

Eglentine willl te Bꝛiar tres, and ve thall wet the grates

befoꝛe pe graſfe them) in honie.
Tuo haue Peares betimes, .

FS. to haue the Peare of Anguiſſe, 02 Permain, oꝛ Sati

gle, (which be of certaine places fo called) a moneth oz
two, befoꝛe others, the which fhall endure, and be god vnto
the newe come againe, ye (hall gratfe them vpon à Quince
tre, and lpkewiſe vpon the kranke Pulbery tree.
To haue ripe or franke mulberies very foone and late.

Fo: to haue franck oꝛ ripe Pulberies very fone, ve hall
gratte them vpon a rath Peare tre, and vpon the Gales
berp tree , and to haue very late and to endure vnto Alhal⸗
lowtide, ve thall grate them vpon the Pedlar trer.
Tofkeepe Peares a yeares e
Dine for to keepe Peares à peare: pe ſhall take ok fine
Lſalt very dꝛye, and put thereof with ꝛour Peares into a
Barrel .in ſuch fort that one Weare doe not touch another,
fo fyll the barrell if ye lyſt, then ſtoppe it, and let it be fet in
ſome dꝛie place, that the ſalt doe not ware moyſt, thus ve
map Kepe them long and god. EE gung
To haue your fruite taſte halfe Apples, halfe Peares.

F ve wyl haue pour fruite taſt halfe a peare and halfe an

Apple, ve ſhall in the ſpꝛing take graffes,the one a Peare,
and the other an Apple, ve tall cleaue oꝛ pare them in the
graffing ioynt oꝛ place, and ioyne halfe the Weare Cion, æ
fo fet them into pour ſtocke, and fee well that no rayne doe
enter therein vpon pour ioynt, and that fruite ſhall bꝛing
ther halfe a Peare, and the other halfe an Apple, in taſte.
Tymes of Graffing, tig

[= is god alſo to graffe one 02 two Dates before the chaũge
# no 111020, ſoꝛ loke fo many moze Bayes as pe hall graffe
befoꝛa them, fo many moe peares it wyll be, ere pour trees

Mall bꝛing fruite, allo it is god graffing all the increaſe of
| d.. m8

8

Planting and Graffing. 57
che Mone, but the foner after the chaunge 5 better.
To graffe the Quyne Apple.

Hye graffe the Quine apple, bps an Apple ſtock, he ſhal
Trete continue without the Canker, but to gratfe him
on a knottie pong Crablocke he 1 r long 1
dut the Canker. | |
Ius“ deſtroy Pifmiars or Antes: ü l tree.
Forte deſtroy Emets oꝛ Antes, which be about atte, if
ve remoue and ſtyzre the earth all about the rwte ol the
ſayde tree , then put thereon all abdut, a great quantitie of
the ſoute ofa Chimney, and che Antes oꝛ Pifmiars Pe ey⸗
ther away, oz elſe ſhoꝛtly dye.
Anorher for the ſame,
A. another way foꝛ to deſtroy Antes is, xe Will ve ip
the ſawe duſt of Dike wod ohelp, and ſtrowe that all a
bout the tree rote, ¢ the next rayne that doth come, all the
Pilmiars oꝛ Antes ſhall die there: foz earewigs, ſhoes ftopt 5
with hap,and banged on the fre one night, they come all in.

Ae haue N uttes, Plams,and Almondes.
4 Nuttes greater than others. fs

po to haue great Nuttes, Blunts and Almonds greater
than others, ve (hall take foure Huttes, oꝛ of any of this
fruite aboue fayd,and put them into a pot of earth. ioyning
the one to the other as nere as ve can, then make a hole in
the bottome of the potte,thozot the which hols, theſe puts
ſhall be conſtrapned to plue,and being ſo tanſtrapned, chal
tome to pertedion and growe togythers as in one tre, the
which in time hall boing his frutte moze greater and ‘lave
ger, than others. |

Re makean Oke or other tree greene in Wrnter
as in Sommer.

AS fo ate: an Dke oꝛ other tre to be grerne as well

in Wipnter as Sommer , ve ſhall take the gratke of
ati

8 The ee inf

m Oke tre. 02 Gather tie and gratte it vpon the holy tren

he beſt and moſt lureſt way is, to qraffe one thꝛough the o⸗
ther. Alſo who fo wyll edylie oꝛ make an Oꝛchard, he ought
litkbe can) to make it in a moyſt place, where as the South
windes, oz ſea windes may haue recourſe vnto them. 1

The time of planting vvithout rootes, and yvith rootes,
| Ufothe beſt time to plant oꝛ ſet without raten as with
Ab zanches oꝛ ſteueringes of all ſoꝛtes of trees which hath
ag mee IF ygge tres, Haſell tras, Pulberp trees,
bine wid other ke trees. al which ought to be fet from
fhe mids of Septeniber, it the leaues be ol) vnto Alhallom⸗
tyde, z all other tres with rotes, ought to be ſet in Aduent
vntyll Chꝛiſtmale, oꝛ anone after, if the time be te are
colde and baungerdus. oy :
To keepe fruire = the ſroſt. f
Are to kerpe fruit from the frott,¢ in god colour, uta ß
new tome again, ve ought lo fo2 to gather the, when the
tyme is fayꝛe ¢ dꝛx / the one in hir decreüng e that they
ly alſo in very dꝛy places by night, couered thin with wheat
ſtrawe, and if the tyme ol M inter be colde and very hard,
then put of haye aboue them in pour mrawe, and take it a⸗
way when as a fayꝛe time commeth: and thus ve thal nepe 8
pour kruite fave ac and god. Be
. The dayes to plant and graffe. s
Aub (as fome fap) feom the fyꝛſt day of the new ee
vnto the. rij. day thereof, is god foꝛ to plant, oꝛ graffe,
oz ſowe, and foꝛ great neꝛde, ſome doe take vnto the. xvg. oꝛ
rbiy,daye thereof, and not after, neyther craffe , noꝛ ſowe,
but as is afoꝛe mentioned, a dae oꝛ two dapes afoze the
chaunge, the belt ſygnes are, Taurus, Nirgo, and Capꝛi⸗
tozne. a
; To haue greene Rofes all the yeate.
Fu fo haue grane Roles, ve thal(as ſome ſay) take pour
Role buds, in the ſpꝛing tyme, ⁊ then grafte them vpon
the holiy ſtocke, and they hail be græne all the veare, + |
9

J

Planting and Graffing. 59
To keepe Ae or Grapes good a yeare.

p> fo kape Repfons oꝛ Grapes god all a whole pearr,
pe ſhall take of ũne dꝛpe ſande, ⁊ then lay pour Keyſons
02 Orapes therein, and it ſhall kerpe them god a A
pears, ſome kepe them i in à cloſe glafle from the avꝛe
‘ To make fruite laxatiue from the tree.
to make any fruite laxatiue from the trer, what fruit
ſoeuer it be, make a hole in the ſtocke, oꝛ in the Paiſter
rote of the tree , (with a great pearcer lope wife) not thos
row, but vnto the pythe, o2 fometubat further, then kyll the
fapde hole with the ioyce of Elder, of Centori, of Seney, oꝛ of
Turbich, 02 ſuch like laxatiues, then fyll the ſayd hole thers
with of which of them pe wyll, oz elſe pe map take thꝛe of
them togythers, and fyll the ſayd hole there with, and then
ſtoppe the ſapde hole cloſe with ſofte ware, then claye it
thereon, and put moſle very well ouer all, fo that nothinge
may iſlue oꝛ fall out, and all the fruite of the aoe tre 2 6
en. thencefwꝛth laxatiu.
A note for all Oraffers and Planters) ’

Aue whenloeuer pe hall plant o2 gratte, it thal be mete
and god fo2 pou to faye as followeth . In the name of
God the Father, the Sonne and the holy ‘Ghott ; Amen.

Increaſe and multiplye, and repleniſhe the earth:and faye

the Loꝛdes prayer, then ſaye: Loꝛd God heare mx pꝛa ver,

and let this my deſpꝛe of thee be hearde. The holy ſpirite of
God which hath created althinges fo: man, and bath giuen

them fo3 our comfort, in thy name O Loꝛde we ſet, Plant,
Grafe, deũtring that by thy mighty power they mape ene
creaſe, and multiplpe vppon the earth, in bearing
_ plenty of fruite, to the pꝛonte and comfogt of
All thy fapthfull people, thozow Chꝛiſt
oe onde. men. .

hia „ s, Ss ae
F W

Flere followeth certaine wayes of plan-

„ ting and graffing. with other neceſſaries herein meete to

be Knownestran{lated out of Durch by L. Ad.

To graffe one Vine on another. rh:
Du that wyl qratfe one Nine vpon another,
2 8 ve thal (in Januarie) cleaue the head of the
Kine, as ve doe other ſtockes, ¢ then put in
your Uine. graffe oꝛ Cion, but firſt ve muſt

pare him thin, ere ve (et him in the head, thé

lap and molle him as the other.

your Cions.

Choſen dayes to graffe in, and to choeſe

Aldo whentbeuer that ye wyll gratke, the belt chofert
Itrmes is on the latt day before the chaunge, and alſo in
the chaunge, and on the fecond dape after the chaunge, if pe
grafte (as fone faye) on the thirde, fourth ⁊ fift day after the
chaunge, it wyl be fo many peres ere thole tres baing ttl
1715 1. K rules

=

oe 2 é 4 5
Planting and Graffing. 61
truit. Wbich thing ve may beleue if vo wil, burt J wyl not.
Fo? ſome doe hold opinion, that it is god grafting from the
chaunge vnto the xviij Day thereof, which J think to begod
in all the increaſe of the Mone, but the ſoner the better,
thy pot at: - Jo gatheryourCions; Het] Aish
Az fo ſuch Cions oꝛ graſtes which xe doe get on the other

trees, the pong trees of thre oꝛ foure yeares, oz. v. oz. vj.
peares are belt to haue gratfes. Cake them ok no onder bo⸗
wes, but in the top vpon the Cak ſyde, if xe can, and of the
fayꝛeſt and greateſt Pe hall cut them. ij inches long ol the
olde wad; beneth the ioynt. And whenſoeuer pe wyl gratfe,
tut oꝛ pare pour gratfes taperwiſe from the iopnt two vn⸗
ches 02 moze of length, which ve thall fette into the Tocke:
and before pe ſette it in, ve hall open pour ſtocke wyth a
wedge of pꝛon, oꝛ harde wod, fayꝛe and fofflp: then ik the
ſydes of pour cleftes be ragged ve ſhall pare them with the
poynt of a ſharpe knife on both ſydes within and aboue, thẽ
fet in pour graffes clofe on the outlides and alſo aboue: but
let vour ſtocke be as lytle while open as ve can, and when
your graffes be well ſet in, plucke forth pour wedge: and
ir pour ſtocke doe pinche your graftes muche, then ye mutt
put in a wedge of the fame wodde foꝛ fo helpe your grate
fes: Then ve ſhall laye a thicke barkeo2 pyll duer the clefte
from the one grafte to the other, to kope out the claye and
rayne, and fo clape them two fingers thicke rounde about
the clyffes 5 and then laye on Boatke, but Mollis better
next to pour clape, 02 elſe to temper pour clape with Tol!
oz haire, foꝛ it ſhall make it byde cloſer and alſo ſtronger on
the ſtock heade. Some take Moll next the clay and wꝛap⸗
peth it all ouer with linnen clowtes: foꝛ the Moll being
once moyſte, wyll keepe the clay ſo a long time. And other
ſome take Woollen clomtes that haue bene lapde in the
iuyte ol Moꝛmewod, oꝛ ſuche lyke bytter thing, to kepe’
creping Moꝛmes from comming, vnder to the Crates. f

*

a

62 del The Arte of ret"

A ve gratte in woynter put your clay vppermolt, top ſẽmer
pour moſſe. o in wynter the molle is warme, and pour
clave wyll not cleaue. In Sommer vour clay is colde, and
Pour molle Repes him from cleaning oꝛ chapping. To bind
them, take of wyllow pilles, ofclouen bꝛiers, of Oziers, o:
ſuch lyke. To gather pour graffes on the Catt part of the
tré is counted belt: if ye gather them belowe on the Onder
boughes, they wyl grow llaggie and ſpꝛeading abꝛode: if pe
take them in the top of the træ, they wyl grow vpꝛight. Net
ſome doe gather theyꝛ Cions 02 gratfes on the ſydes of the
trees, and ſo gratfe them againe on the lyke ſydes of the
ſtockes, the which is of ſome men not counted fo god foꝛ
fruite. It is not gad to graffe a great ſtocke, fo: they wyll
be long ere they couer the head there.
rf Of vvorme: in trees or fruite. ö
I F ve haue any tres eaten with woꝛms, oꝛ do bꝛing woꝛ⸗
my fruite, ve thall vſe to wach all his body e great bꝛaun⸗
ches with two partes of Rowpiſſe, and one part of Gines
ger, 02 elſe if pe can get no Uineger, with Lotwpitle alone,
tempered with common ates: then waſhe pour trees thers
with before the Spring, and in the Spꝛing, oꝛ in Sommer,
Annis ſedes fotune about the tre rotes, dꝛiue away wo»
mes, and the fruite ſhall be the l werter.

The fetting of Stones, and ordering thereof,

A ® fo2 Almonde tres, each tras, Cherry trees, Plum
_ fres,c2 others, ye thal thus plant o2 fet them, Way firtt
the Stones in water thre dapes and foure nightes, vntyll
they ünke therein:then take them bet wirt pour finger and
pour thumbe, with the ſmall ende vpward, and ſo ſet them
two fingers dæpe in god earth. and when pe haue fo done,
ve ſhal rake them al ouer and fo couer them: and whẽ they
begin to grow oꝛ ſpꝛing, kerpe them from werdes: and thex
thal pꝛoſper the better, (pecially in the firtt yere. and with⸗

Planting and Graffing. 63

in two oz thie peares after. ve mape ſette oꝛ remmue th
where pe liſt, then tf ye doe remoue them againe after that,
ve muſt pꝛoyne of all his twigges as pe call fe tauſe, nigh
the ſtocke: thus ve may doe of all kind of trees, but ſpecially
thoſe which haue the great ſappe, as the Pulberp, oꝛ Figge

To gather Gumme of any tree.

IF pe lyſt to haue the Gumme of an Almond tre, pe ſhall
ſrvke a great naple into the tre, a god wape, and ſo lette
him reſt, and the Gumme (of the træ) ſhall iũue thereat:
thus doe men gather Gumme of all ſoꝛtes of trees : pea the
common Gumme that men doe bleand occupie.

To ſette a whole Apple.

Abt ſome faye, that if ve fette a whole Apple foure fin⸗
gers in the earth, all the Pepines oꝛ curnelles in the

fame Apple, wyll grow vp togithers in one whole ſtocke oꝛ
Cion, i al thoſe Aples thal be much fapꝛer and greater than
others: but pe mult take herde, holw pe doe fet thoſe Apples
whiche doe come in a leape peare, foꝛ in a leape peare (as
ſome doe fay) the curnelles oꝛ Pepines are turned contra
rie, fo2 if pe ſhould fo ſet, as commonly a man doth, pe thall

ſette them contrarv.

Of fetting the Almonde.

Almondes doe come foꝛth and growe commonly well, tf
they be fet without the ſhell 02 huſke, in god earth, oꝛ in
y rotten Boages dong: it pe lay Almondes,one dape in bines
ger then thall they (as ſome ſaye, ) be very god to plant, oʒ
lay him in milke and water vntyll he doe ſinke, if fall be

We better to ſette, oꝛ any other nutte.
A. ig. Of

64 2 The Arat

Of Pepines watered. ix

pee Pepines and curnels of thoſe tres tice ber ‘

athickeo2 rough barke, if ve lape them thee dapes in
water, oꝛ elſe vntyll they ſincke therein, they ſhall ber the
better, then {et them, oꝛ ſowe them, as is afoꝛe mencio
and then remwueth them, when they be woll Ttedzak hide
02 foure veares growth, and they chall baue thin barke.

To plant or ſet Vines

1 F ve plant oꝛ fet Wines, in the firſt oꝛ ſecond peare 2

wyl bꝛing no fruit, but in the third veare they wyl beare,

if they be well kept, ye ſhall cut them in Januarie, and ſet
them lone after they be cut from the Vine, and ve Mall fet

two togpther, the one with the olde wod, ¢ the other with⸗
out, and ſo let them grow in plucking away al werdes from
about them, and when ve ſhall remone them in the ſecond
oꝛ third peare, being well roted, ye ſhal (et them wel a fte
derpe lin god fat earth with god dung, as ol one fte depe

oz thereabouts,¢ keepe them cleane from weedes, foꝛ then

they wyl pꝛoſper the better, ¢ in ſommer when the Grape

is knytte, then pe ſhall bꝛeake of his top oꝛ bꝛaunch, at one

oꝛ two iopntes after the grape, and fo the grape ſhall be the

greater, and in the Winter when pe cut them, ve ſhall not

leauge paſt two oꝛ thre leaders on eache bꝛaunche, on ſome

bꝛaunche but one leader, which muſt be cut betwixt twa

ioyntes, and ye ſhall leaue the pong Uine to be the leader,
allo pe ſhal leaue thereof three oꝛ foure ioyntes at al times,
if a pong Cion do come forth of the old bꝛanche oꝛ fide thers
of, if ve do cut him, pe thal cut him hard by the old bꝛaunch,

gif pe wyll haue him to bꝛing the grape nert peare. pe hall -

leaue two 02 thee topnts thereof, fo2 p pong Cion al wapyes
bꝛingeth the grape: pe may at all times, fo that the grape
be once taken and knyt, euer as the fuperfluous Cions doe

grotwe, pe mape bꝛeake them of at a iopnt, of hardly by the
i, olde

*

. we Planting and Graffing. 65

olde bꝛaunche, and the grapes wyll be the areater:thus ve
mape order pour Nine all the Sommer long without anp
hurte. l at . ‘

To ſet or plant the Cherrie.

CVerrie trẽs, and all the tres of ſtone fruite, would be
planted 02 ſette of Cions, in colde groundes and places
ol good earth, and lykewiſe in highe o2 hyllie places, dꝛye
and well in the ſhade: yt ve doe remwue , pe onght to re⸗
maue them in Pouember and Januarie, it ye thall fe pour
Cherry tre waxe rotten, then tall pe make a hole in
the myddes of the body two fte aboue the grounde, with
à bygge Pearcer , that the humo: may paſſe forth thereby,
then afore the ſpꝛing, hutte him vp againe with a pynne of
the fame tre; thus ve may doe vnto all other ſoꝛtes of trees
when they beginne to rotte, and is alſo god foz them which
beare ſcant of fruite oꝛ naune. Pare

4 To keepe Cherries good a yeare,

Fox tokepe Cherries god a peare, pe chall cutte of the
ſtalkes, and then lape them in a well leaded potte, and
fyll the fayde potte therewith, then put onto them of god
thinne honp, and fyll the ſayde potte therewith, then foppe
it with clave that no ayꝛe enter in, then fet it in forme fay2e
Seller, and put of fande onder, and all aboue it, and couer
the potte well withall, fo let it ande oꝛ remaine: thus ve
mape kæpe them a peare , as freſhe as though they came
fro the tree, and after this ſoꝛt pe mape keepe Peares, oꝛ os.
ther fruite. | ape

Againſt Piftniars,

Ive haue Cherry tries laded oꝛ troubled with Piſmiars
02 Antes, ye ſhall rub the body ol the tre , and all about
the rote with the iuyce of Purllayne, mingled halle with
Mineger, Some doe ble to annoynt the tre beneath 0 5
ot ou

:
/*

66 The Arte ot 15
bout the body, with tarre and byꝛde lyme, wirh wall opte
bopled togyther, and annoynt the tree beneath therewith.
and doe laveof chalke ſtones all about the tre rote, foms
faye it is god therefore,

The ſetting of Cheſtnuttet.

T Cheſtnutte tre , men doe vſe to plant bien onto the
Jigge tre. They map be both planted ano grafted wel,
they waxe well in freſhe and fatte earth, foꝛ in ſande they
lyke not: it pe wyll fet the curnels, ye ſhal lay them in was
ter vntyll they doe ſinck, and thoſe that doe ſinck to the bots
tome of the water, be beſt to (et, which pe ſhall ſette in the
Moneth ol Moucmber ¢ December, foure fyngers derpe,
a fete one from another, for when they be in theſe two
Monethes fet o2 planted, they ſhall endure long, and beare
alſo god fruite, pet ſome there be that plant 02 ſette them
kyꝛſt in dong, lyke beanes, which wyll be werter than the
other fort, but thofe which be fet in the two Ponethes ac
foꝛeſapde, Hall firſt beare thep2 fruite: men mape pꝛoue
which is beſt, experience doth teach. This is another way
to pꝛoue and knowe, which Cheſtnuttes be belt to plant oꝛ
ſet, that is: ve ſhall take a quantitie of uttes , then lape
them in ſande the (pace of. xxx. dayes: then take and waſhe
them in water fayꝛe and cleane, and thꝛowe them into wa⸗
ter againe, and thoſe which doe ſincke to the bottome, are
god to plant oꝛ ſet, and the other that ſwimme are naught:
thus mape ve doe with all other curnels 02 Nuttes.

To haue all ſtone fruite taſte, as ye shall thinke good.

bs f pe wyl haue al Kone fruit talk as ve thal fanſie, oꝛ think

god, pe Hall fyaſt lap pour ſtones to ſoke in (uch lycoꝛ oꝛ
moyſture, as pe wyll haue the fruite taſte of, and then ſette
them: as foꝛ the Date tre (as ſome ſape) he bꝛyngeth no
fruite except he be a hundzed peares olde , ¢ the Date fone
muſt ſoke ane nee in the water before be be ſette, 5

| * :

Planting and Graffing. 67
thall ve fet him with the ſmall ende vpwarde, in gd fatte
earth.in hote ſandy ground foure fingers dæpe, and when
the bowes doe beginne fo ſpꝛing, then hall ve euery night
ſpꝛinckle them with raine water, (oꝛ other if xe haue none)
fo long tyll they become foꝛth and growne.

Of graffing the Medlar and Miſple.

FD: to graffe the Medlar oꝛ Piſple: men doe vſe to gratte

them on the white Hatheꝛ ne tre, they wyll pꝛoue well,
but pet mall and ſowꝛe fruite: to graffe one Medlar bpon
another is the better, ſome men doe graffe firſt the wilding
Cion, vpon the Pedlar ſtocke, and fo when he is wel taken
and growne, then they gratfe thereon the Pedlar againe,
the whiche doth make og sen fueete » bericgreatan
fapze.

of the Figge tree.

Te Fiaae tra in ſome tountrep, beareth his truite koure
times a veare, the black figges are the belt, being dꝛyed
in the Sunne, and then layd in a vellell in beddes one by ae
nother, and then ſpꝛinckled oꝛ ſtrawed all ouer, euerp lape
with fine meale, then ſtoppe it vp, and fo it is ſent out of the
lande. It the stage free wyll not beare, pe ſhall dygge him
all about, and vnder the rotes in Febꝛuarie, and take out
then all his earth, and put vnto him the dong of a pꝛiuie,
foz that he lyketh beſt: pe maye mingle with it of other fat
earth. as Pigeons dong mingled with Ople and Pepper
_ Kampt, which Hall foꝛwarde him much to noynt his rotes
therewith: ve ſhall not plant the Figge tre in cold tymes,
he loueth hote, ſtony, oꝛ grauelp ground, and to be planted
in Autumne is bet.
Of che Mulberie tree,

J F ve wyl plant the Pulbery tre, the Fiage tre oꝛ others
which bꝛing no ſa de, ve ſhall cut a twigge oꝛ bꝛaunche
from the træ rote) oł a veres growth, with the old wod oꝛ
barke, about a cubite long, which ve nip > oz fetal *
. ; ob E

68 The Arte of
the n ſhaftment long ok it, and ſo let it grow, in
watering it as ve ſhall fe nde. This mutt be done before

the leaues beginne to ſpꝛing⸗ but take heede that ve cut not
the ende oz top aboue, for then it ſhall wyther and bape. ;

Of trees that beare bytter finite,

OF, all ſuch tres as beare bytter fruite , to make them
bꝛing ſwerter, pe ſhall vncouer all the rates in Janua⸗
rie.) and take out al that earth, then put znto them of Hogs
dong great plentie, and then after put vnto them of other
god earth, and fo coucr them therewithall well againe, and
theyꝛ fruite ſhall haue a ſwerter taſte: thus men N dae
with other trees which bꝛing bytter fruite, | :

Fo helpe barren trees,

He re is another waye to helpe baren trees, that thep
may bing fruite : if ve fe pour tree not beare ſcantly in
2@ 02 foure peares god plentie » pe ſhall boꝛe an hole
with an Auger oz pearcer, in the greateſt place of the body,
( within a parde of the grounde) but not thoꝛowe but vnto
02 paſt the hart, ye thal boꝛe him a ſlope:then take bony and
water mingled togyther a night befoze , then put the fayde
hony and water info the hole, and fpll it therwith, then ſtop
it cloſe with a Mort pinne, made of the fame tre , 2 959
Ken into farre, foꝛ pearcing the lycour.

Another vvaye,

} N the beginning of NM puter ve ſhall digge thofe tres
rounde about the rotes, and let them fo reff a Daye and a.
night, and then put vnto them of god earth, myngled well
with god ſtoꝛe of watered tes, oꝛ with watred Farley os
Wheate, lapde nert vnto the rotes, then fyll it with other
good earth, and he ſhall beare fruite, euen as the boꝛing ofa
hole in the mayſter rote, and ſtrike in a pinne, and ſo fyll
him againe, ſhall helpe dim to beare, as afore declared.

e

Planting and Graffing. 69
* ro keepe your fruice,

AR Al fruite may be the better kept, if pe laye them in dꝛye

places, in dꝛye ſtrawe oꝛ her, but hey rypeth to ſoꝛe,

d in a barley mow not touching one the other, oꝛ in chatle,

oz in vellels of Juniper, oꝛ Sppers wod, pe mape ſo kæpe

them well in dꝛy ſalt oꝛ hony, ¢ vpon boꝛdes where as fyꝛe

is nigh all the winter, alſo banging nic fpꝛe in the topnter,
n nettes Reba

Tpe Mulberie tree.

phe spuitbery tri is planted oꝛ ſette bythe Fygge tre,
1 his fruite is firſt ſoure and then ſwerte, he liketh neither
Delve noꝛ rayne, for they hurt him, he is well pleaſed with
ſowle earth oꝛ dong, his bꝛaunches wyll ware dzye within
ęuerp fire peares, then muff pe tutte them of , as fo2 sther
træs: they ought to be p2 opned every veare as ve thall fe
tauſe, and they wyll be the better, and to plant hem from
mpd Feb: uary,to myd March is bel,

Of Moſſe on the tree.

. Of the Molle on pour trees, ve mutt not let it to long
be vncleanſed, pe muſt sub it of with a grate of wod,
oꝛ à roughe hapꝛe, oꝛ ſuche lpke, in I ynter when ther
be moiſt oꝛ wet, fo then it wyll of the ſoner, for moſſe doth
take awaythe ſtrength and ſubſtance of the fruit, ¢ makes

the trees barren at length: when ve fe pour tras begin to
ware mollie, ye mutt in the Winter vncouer their rates, e

put vnder them god earth, this ſhall helpe them and kope
them long without molle: fo2 the earth not ſtyꝛred aboue
te rate, is one cauſe ot mofpnette, and allo the barren
neſſe of the grounde whereon be ſtandeth, and pour mofle
both ſucker in Winter, Apes and other vermin, and fo doth
therein hide them in Sommer, which is occaſion of eating

che bloſlomes and tender Cions thereof.

er P. ti, To

*

70 | be Ref

To keepe Nuttes long. e

Fest to kæpe Nuts long, ve ſhall dꝛye them ¢ teuer them
in dꝛie ſande, and put them in a dete bladder, oz in a fatte
made of Walnut tree, 3 put of die Zuic beryes therin, and
they thal be much ſ werter. To ke pe uttes arene a peare,
and alſo freſhe, ve ſhall put them into a potte with honp,
and they Hall continue freſhe a veare, and the ſayde honie
wyll be gentle ¢ god foꝛ many medicines, Lokepe Gals
nuts freſh and grerne in the time of ſtrapning of Ueriuice,
pe ſhall take of that pommis, ¢ put therot in the bottome of
à barrel, then lap pour Malnuts all ouer, then põmis auer
them, and fo Walnuts againe, and then of the pommis, as
pe ſhall ſe cauſe to fpll pour befell. Then ſtoppe him cloſe
as pe doe a barrell, ¢ fet him in pour Seller oꝛ other place,
and it ſhall keepe pour Quttes freſhe and græne a peare.
Some dfe to fyll an earthen potte with (mall Auttes, and
then put to them dꝛye lande, and touer them with a lyd o
earth oꝛ ſtone, and then they clay it, ſetting the mouth of the
pot downward, two fote within the earth, in theyꝛ Garden
oꝛ other place, and fo they wyll kepe berp moyſt werte
vntyll new come,

To cut the Peache tree,

Ts Peache tre is of this nature, ifbe be cut (as tome
fap) arene, it wyll wyther and dꝛie. Therefoꝛe if pe cut
any ſmall bꝛaunche, cut it harde by the body: the wythered
twigges euer as they wyther, muſt be cut ol harde by the
great bꝛanche oꝛ body thereof, foꝛ then they doe pꝛoſper the
better . If a Peache tree doe not lyke, pe ſhall put to his
rotes, the Les of Mine mingled with water, e alſo waſhe
his rotes ther with, and like wiſe the bꝛaunches, then couer
him againe with god earth mingled with his owne leaues,
foz thoſe he lyketh belt. He may graffe Peach vpon Peach,
vpon Haüll, oz Athe, oꝛ vpon Cherrie tri, oꝛ ye map gratfe
the Almonde vpon the Peache tree, And to haue great 25

ches

ise Planting and Graffing. 8

ches, xe muſt take Cowes milke, and put god carth therto,
then all to trike the body of the tree ther with both vpward
and done warde, oz elſe open the rate all bare thee dayes
and thꝛe nightes, chen take goates mylke, and wach all the
rotes there with, and then couer them againe: this mutt be
done when they begin to blofiome, ¢ lo hall he bzing great
Peaches. 5
2 To colour Peache ſtones. *
7⁰ colour Peache ones, that all the fruite thereof ſhall
haue the lpke colour hereafter, that is: ve ſhall lape o:

ſet Weache ones in the earth ſeuen dapes oꝛ more, vntyll

ve thall fe the ſtones beginne to open, then take the ones

‘and the curnelles ſoftly forth thereof, and what colour ve

—

wyl, colour the curnel thereiith,and put them into the ſhel

agayne, then bynde it faſt togyther and ſette it in the earth,
with the ſmall ende vpwarde, and fo let him growe, and all
the Peaches which ſhall come of the fame fruite (graffed oꝛ
vngracted) wyl be of the fame colour, The Peach tre ought
to be planted in Autumne, befoꝛe the colde doe come, foꝛ he
can not abyde the colde.

If Peache trees be troubled yvith yvormes.

Arb ik any Peach tree be troubled with woꝛmes, ye hal

Atake two partes of Cowe piſſe, with one parte of Tips
neger, then ſhall pe ſpꝛinckle the trer all ouer there with,
and waſhe bis rotes and bꝛaunches alſo, and it wyl kyl the
woꝛmes, this may ve doe vnto al other trees, which be trou⸗
bled with woꝛmes.

To haue the Peache vvithout ſtones.

Fon to make the Peache grow without ſtones. ve Hall
take a Peache tre ne wlie planted, then fet a Millowe
harde by, which pe ſhall boꝛe a hole we, then put the
Meache tree thoꝛowe the ſayde hole, and fo cloſe him on both
fides therof, ſappe to ſappe, and Park ſo grow one 1

‘ e

52 Ihe Arte of
then the next peare pe ſhall cutte of the Peache ftocke, and
let the Millow fave him. and cutte of the vpper part of the
M illowe alſo three fingers hye:and the next Winter ſawe
him ol nigb the Peache, ſo that the W lowe thal fave but
the Peache onlyp:and this way ve mape haus apn bolts
out ſtones.

A nother vvay for the ſame.

Y € wall take the grates of Peathes, and 20 thee
vpon the Millowe ſtocke, and fo hall ur Peaches be
iii without Tones.

If trees doe not profper.

IS that ve fe that vour trees do not ware noꝛ ppotper e

and open the rates in the beginning of January oz afore,
and in the biggeſt rete therof, make a hole with an auger,
to the pythe 62 moze, then ſtryke therein a pinne of Dke ¢€
fo ſtop it againe clofe , and let it be well wart all about the
pinne, then couer him againe with gwd earth, Wen
doe well, ſome doe vſe to cleaue the rote.

Hovve to graffe Apples to laſt on the tres
tyll Alhallovvtide.

Howe mape haue many fetes of Apples vppon pour
trees vntyll Alhallowtyde, that is. ve ſhall graffe pour
Apples vpon the Pulberx tree, and vpon the Cherry tree.

‘To make Cherries and Peaches ſmell, and
taſte Ike ſpice.

Hawe to make that Cherries and Peaches ſhall be plea⸗
launt, and ſhall ſmell and taſte lyke (pice,¢ that xe may

tyll the newe doe come againe, ve ſhall
e HP Hulbery tre, as is afoꝛeſayde: but fpaſt
pe ſhall foke them in bony and water, wherin pe ſhall put
derbe pauder of K Ginger and Cinamon. ef rT
O

a.

-
4
-

7

Planting and Graffing. 73

To graffe an Apple vrhich shall be halfe fvveete,
a W and halfe ſoyrer. *

72 graffe that pour Apples ſhalbe the one halfe werte,
the other halfe ſower: ve ſhall take two Cions, the one
ſwerte and the other ſower. ſome doc put the one Cion thas
robo the other, and fo graffes them betwerne the barke and
the tree: and ſome againe dae pare both the Cions fynelie,
and ſo ſettes them ioyning into the ſtocke, inelefyng ſappe
to ſappe, on both the outſpdes of the graffes, vnto the out⸗
ſydes ol the ſtocke, and fo ſettes them into the heade as the
other:and they ſhall being kruite, the one halfe werte, and
the other halfe ſower.

To graffe a Rooſe on the holly.

FS: to graffe the Holly, that his leaues ſhall ke pe all the

veare græne, ſome do take g cleaue the Bolly, ¢ fo graſts
in a white 02 redde Kole bud, and then puttes clay ¢ mofle
ts him, and lettes him grow, and ſome doe put the Noſe bud
into a Apt of the barke, x ſo putteth clay-¢ Molle, and bindes
him featelp therein, and lettes him growe, and he ſhall cars
rpe his leaue all the peare,

Of keeping cf Plums. |

J Plum there be many fortes, as Damſons, which
pe all blacke, and counted the beſt: All maner of other
Plums a man mape kepe well a peare, if they be gathered
rype, and then dꝛyed, and put into beflelles of Glaſle: if ve
tannot dꝛy them well in the ſunne pe ſhal dꝛy them on hur⸗
dels of Oziars made like Lettis windowes, in a hote Due
after bꝛead is dꝛawune foꝛth. r fo reſerue them. If a Plum
tre lyke not, open his rote, ¢ pobꝛe in all about the dꝛegs
of Mine, myrt with water, and fo couer him well agapne,
oꝛ pole on them ſtale vꝛine oꝛ olde piſſe ofolde men, mixt
with two partes of water, and fo couer him as befoze,

74 Ihe Arte of
OF altering of Peares, or ftony fruite.

I Fa Peare doe taſte hard, oꝛ grauellp about the core, lyke
ſmall ſtones, ve (hall vncouer his rote (in the M inter, o
afoze the ſpꝛing) and take out all the earth thereot, and pick

out all the ſtones, as cleane from the earth as pe can about
his rote, then ſyft that earth, oꝛ elſe take of other god fatte
earth without ſtones, and fyl al his rotes againe therwith,
and he ſhall bring a ſoft and gentle Peare tocate , but ve
mutt ſæ well to the watering of him often.

The mak ing of Cyder and pes

Or Apples and Peares, men doe make Cyder and pir⸗
rie, ꝑ becauſe the vſe thereof in moſt places is knowne,
4 wyll here let paſſe to ſpeake any further thereof , but
this in the pꝛelling your Cyder) J wyl counfel pou to keeps
cleane pour veſſels, and the plates wheras pour fruite doth
ipe, and (pecially after it is bꝛuſed oꝛ bꝛoken, fo2 then they
dꝛawe fylthy ayꝛe vnto them, and if it be nighe, the Cyder
ſhall be inkeged therewith, and also beare the taſte after the
inkecion therof:therefoze as fone as pou can, tunne it inta

cleane and ſwærte vellels, as into veſſels of white W ine oz
of Sacke, oꝛ Claret and ſuch like, foꝛ theſe hall kepe pour
Cyder the better and the ſtronger, along time after: xe may
hang a ſmall bag of linnen by a thꝛed downe into the lower
part of pour befell, with powder of Cloues, Mace, Cyna⸗
mon, Ginger, and ſuch lyke, which wyll make pour Cyder
to haue e taſte.

To helpe froſen Apples,

O F Apples that be froſen in the colde and ertreeme win⸗
ter. The remedy to haue the Be out of them is this Ye
ſhall lay them firſt in colde water a while, ¢ then laye them
betoꝛe the kyꝛe, oz other heate, and they ſhal come to them⸗
ſelues againe. 1
0

Planting and Graffing. 75

To make Apples fall from the tree.
1 pe put of ſierp coles vnder an Apple tree, and then caſt
of the powder of bꝛimſtone therein, and the fume thereof

afcend vp, and touch any Apple that is wet, that Apple hal
fall a

To water trees in Sommer if they vvaxe drye
ago the roote.

WVbere Apple tres be ſette in dꝛpe grounde, and not
derpe in the grounde, in Sommer if they want mop⸗
ture, ve thal take of wheate ſtraw, oꝛ other, and euer y cues
ning(o2 as pe thal fe cauſe) caſt theron water al about, and
it wyll kepe the trees moyſt from time to time.

IT 0o cherrishe Apple trees.

[F ve bie ta thꝛow (in Tu inter) all about your Apple tres

on the rates thereol. the vꝛine of olde men, oꝛ of ſlalepiſſe
long kept, they thall bꝛing fruite much better, which is god
fo2 the Wine alfo,o2 if ve doe ſpꝛinckle oꝛ annoynt pour Ap,
ple tre rates with the Gall of a Bull, they Mat beare the
better, |

Tomakean Apple grovve ina Olaſſe.

T O make an Apple growe within a Glate, take a Glate
what faſhion ye lyſt, and put pour Apple therein when
he is but ſmall, and bynde him faſt to the Glalle, and the
Glaſſe alto to the tre, and let hun growe, thus ye maye
haue apples of diuers pꝛopoꝛtions, accoꝛding to the
faͤſhion of pour Glalle, thus mape pe make of
Coucombers, Gourdes, 63 a
Pomecitrons, the lpke
kaſhion.

N. i. Thele

56% The Arte of

Tek ther bꝛaunches ¢ figure of graffing in the ſhielde
in Sommer is, the firſt bꝛaunch ſheweth how the barke
is taken o, the myddle place ſheweth, howe it is ſet to, and
the laſt bꝛaunche, ſheweth howe to binde bim on, in ſauing
the Oylet oꝛ eve from bꝛuſing.
To graffe many ſortes of Apples on one tree.
ye may graffe on one Apple tre at once , many binde of
Apples, as on euerp bꝛaunch acontrarp fruite, as is as
foꝛe declared, and of peares the lyke: but fe as nighe as pe
tan, that all your Cions be of lyke ſpꝛinging, lo elſe an
mihi out growe and ſhaddowe the other.
To collour Applet
1? haue coloured Apples, with what colour pe thal think
god, pe ſhall boꝛe ſlope a hole with an auger. in the byg⸗
geſt part of the body of the tree, vnto p myds therof,o2 there
abouts,

Planting and Graffin. 77
abouts, then loke what colour pe wyll haue them of, firtt
ye thal take water, mingle pour colour ther with, the ſtop

it vp againe, with a ſhoꝛt pinne made of the fame wad o2

tre, then ware it about:pe map mingle with the fain
colour what ſpice ve lyſt, to make them taſt theraftcr, thus
map ve chaũge the colour ¢ taſt of any Apple: pour colours
map be of Saffron, tourne ſoule, bꝛaſel Saunders, oꝛ other
What pe ſhall fe god. This mutt be done before p ſpꝛing do
come: ſome doe fay, if pe graffe on the Oliue ſtock oꝛ on the
Alder itocke, they wyll bꝛing red Apples: alfo they faye, to
graffe to haue fruite without coꝛe, ve hal graſfe in both the

endes of pour Cion into p ftock, c when they be keit grown
to the ſtock, e ſhal cut it in the myds, x let the ſmaller ende

growe vpward:oꝛ elſe take a Cion and graffe the (mall end
of the ſtock downwarde, ¢ fo ſhall ye haue pour Apple tre
on S. Lamberts dap, (which is the. xvij of Septéber) they
fhal neuer watt, conſume, noꝛ waxe dꝛye, which J doubt.

The ſetting of Vine plantes. N

T Bete figures doe ſhewe how pe ought to plant ¢ fet your
Wines, in two ¢ two togyther the one to haue a part of
the old tre, e the other may be al of the laſt Cion: but when
pe plant him with a part of the old træ, he ſhall common lie
take rate the foner tha the new Cion: ve muſt werde them
every moneth, and let not the earth be tw cloſe abeue they
rotes at the fyꝛſt, but now and than loſe it with a ſpade as
pe ſhall fe a rayne paſt, foꝛ then they ſhall enlarge, and put
fꝛth better. Further herein ve ſhall vnderſtand oes, i
bs ’ re)

e

nc

78 4 Thie Arte of i

Hovve to proyne or cutte a Vine in vvinter. ;

J vis kygure ſheweth, howe all Hines ſhould be pꝛoyned

and cutte, in a conuenient tyme after Chꝛiſtmaſſe, that
when ye cut them, ye ſhall leaue his bꝛanches very thinne,
as ye fe by this fpgure: ve ſhall neuer leaue aboue two, 02
thꝛæ leaders at the heade of any pꝛincipall bꝛaunch pe muſt
alfo tut them of in the mydſt betwerne the knottes of the
pong Cions, foꝛ thoſe be the leaders which wyll bꝛing the
grape, the reſt and oꝛder ye hall vnderſtand as followeth.

; Of the Vine and Grape, 1.
S Dm what ¥ intend to ſpeake of the oꝛdering of the Tithe
¢ Grape, to plant oꝛ fet the Uine:the plants oꝛ ſets which
be gathered from the Uinel e fo planted are bell, they muſt
not be olde gathered, noꝛ lye long vnplanted after they be
tutte, foꝛ then they wyll fone gather coꝛruption, and when
pe doe gather pour plantes, ye muſt take herde to tutte and

chafe them, whereas pe mape with the yong Clon, a 2
: .

Planting and Gt affine. y

of the old wod with the new, for p old umd wyl ſoner take
rote than the new a better to grow than if it were al vong
Cion, ye ſhall leaue the old wad fo the pong Cion, a fote oꝛ
halle a fate, oꝛ a ſhaftment long, the pong Eion pe ſhall cut
the lengch of thee quarters of a vard oꝛ there aboutes, t ve
ſhall chwſe of thofe yang Cions that be thickeſt iopnten, oꝛ
nigh ioynts togithers, and when ye ſhall plant oꝛ fet them,
loke that your grounde be well digged in the wynter bes
foꝛe, then in Januarie ve may both cut and plant, but cut
not in the froſt, foꝛ that is daunger of all kind of tres oꝛ pe
map plant in the beginning of Febuary, and when pe doe
plant, pe ſhall take two of thoſe plantes, and ſet oꝛ lay them
togither, afwte deepe in the earth. ſoꝛ two plantes ſet togy⸗
ther wyl not fo fone fayle, as one alone, and lay them a fote
long wiſe in the earth, ſo that there may be aboue the earth
ther oꝛ foure ioyntes, ve mape plant a yong Cion with the
olde, fe that he be thicke oꝛ nigh ioynted, foꝛ then he is the
better to rote, 2 alſo to bꝛing fruite: then when ye haue fet
oꝛ lapd them in the earth, then couer them wel ther with, in
treading it faſt downe vnto the plants, but let the endes of
pour Cions oꝛ plants be turned vpꝛight, aboue the earth
thee oꝛ foure ioyntes, if there ſhall be moꝛe when they be
fet, ve ſhall cut them of, and ve ſhall cut them alwapes in
the myddes betwerne the two ioyntes, and then let them fo
grow, and fe that ye werde them al wayes cleane, and once
d moneth lofe the earth round about them, and they chall
pꝛoue the better: ik it be very d2y and hote in the Sommer
after, pe may water them, in making a hole with a crow of
von to the rote. there ve ſhall poure in water, in the eue⸗
ning : As foꝛ the pꝛopning of them is, when the grape is fas
ken and cluſtered, then pe mare bꝛeake the next topnt oꝛ
two after the grape, of al ſuch ſuperfluous Cions as pe Hal
fee cauſe, which wyl cauſe the grape to ware bigger: pe may
alfo bꝛeake awape all ſuche ſuperlluous buddes oꝛ fender
5 which commeth about the rote, oꝛ on the vnder
N. iij. bzaunches,

80 The Arte of
bꝛaunches, which ve thinke wyll haue no grape, and when
ve pꝛoyne oꝛ cut them in Winter following, ve hall not
tut the pong Cion nigh the old, by thee oꝛ foure ioyntes, ve
{hall not cut them like Ozʒiars, to leaue a ſoꝛt of heads togi⸗
ther on the bꝛanche, which doth kyl pour vine, xe thal leaue
but one head, oꝛ two at the moſt, of the pong Cions, vppon
the olde bꝛaunch and to cut thofe pong Cions thre 02 fours
knottes oꝛ iopnts af, for the pong Cion doth carry the grape
alwapes, and when ye leaue vpon a great bꝛaunche many
Cions, they cannot be wel nouriſhed, after ve haue ſo cut
them in Winter, pe ſhal bind them with Oziars, in placing
thoſe pong bꝛaunches as ve fhall fee cauſe, and in the ſpꝛing
tyme, when the bꝛaunches are tender, pe ſhall binde them
ſo, that the ſtoꝛmie tempeſt oꝛ winde do not hurt them, and
to bynde them withall, the belt is, great foft ruſhes, and
when the grape i is cluftered, then pe may bꝛeake of all ſuch

bꝛaunches as is afore declared, vpon one old bꝛaunch thee
oz foure heads be vnough, for the moze heads pour bꝛaunch
hath, the woꝛle vour grape chalbe nouriſhed, when pe cut
pf any bꝛaunch, cut him of hard by oꝛ nigh the old bꝛaunch,
ik pour ine ware olde, the belt remeedie is: if there grow
any pong Cion about the rote, ve ſhal in the M inter, cut of
the old Uine harde by the ground, oꝛ as nigh as ye can, and
let the pong Wine leade, and he wyl continue along time, it
ve couer and kel the place about the rote with gad earth a⸗
gayne. There is allo vpon oꝛ by euerp cluſter of grapes, a
ſmall Cion lyke a pigges tayle, turning about, which doth
take away the fappe from the grape, if pe pinche it of harde
by the ſtalke of vour grape pour fruite ſhalbe the greater:
if pour Uine ware to ranke and thicke of baaunches , ve
hall digge the rote in Minter, and open the earth, and fpt
it vp againe with ſande and alhes blend togyther, where
aga Uine is vnfruitfull and doth not beare, ye ſhall boꝛe a
hole (with an auger) vnto the hart oꝛ pithe, in the bodye oz
thickeſt part thereof, then put in the ſayd hole a fmal *

. ‘Waine,and vnder the earth.

: Planting and Grafting. we 81

but lyl nat the hole cloſe therewith, but fo that the ſickneſſe

of the Uine may pale therby. Then lay al about the rote of
god earth mingled with god dong, and fo ſhal he not be vn⸗
fruitful, but beare wel euer after:oꝛ alſo, to caſt of old meng

vꝛine 02 pille, all about the rote of tbe barren Nine, and ik

he were halle loſt oꝛ marde , he Mould grow againe ¢ ware
fruitfull as befoze:this is to be done in Il inter.

i To haue grapes vvithout ſtones.

Fou to haue Grapes without ſtones, pe ſhall take pong

plantes oꝛ bꝛaunches, and ſhall {et oꝛ plant the toppe 02
mall ende downe warde in the earth, and ſo ye max e lette
two of them togithers foꝛ fayling, as 3 haue afore veclared

of the others, and thole bꝛaunches ſhall bꝛing grapes with⸗

dut ſtones.

To make your Vine to bring a grape to tafle
f Tar lyke Claret. :
T* make pour Cine to haue a grape to taſte lyke Claret
1 Hine, and pleaſaunt withall, pe ſhall boꝛe a hole in the
ſtocke vnto the heart, oꝛ pithe thereof, then ſhall pe make a
Lecuarie with the pouder of Cloues, of Cinamon, mingled
with a lytle fountaine oꝛ running water, and fyll the ſapde
hole there with, and top it faſt and cloſe with ware, and ſo
binde it faſt theron with a linnen cloth, 2 thoſe grapes hall

taſte lpke Claret wyne. 13

Of gathering your Grapes.

A Grapes that men do cut before they are thoꝛob ripe,
the M ine thal not be naturall, noꝛ pet hal long endure
god, but if pe wyll cut oꝛ gather grapes to haue them god,
and to haue god wine thereof, pe ſhall cut them in the full,
oʒ fone after the full ot the Mone, when the is in Cancer.
in Leo, in Scoꝛpio, and in Aquarius, the Pone being in the

Te

WS rr

Jo knovve if your Grape be ripe ‘TH
7 : sse

. yndugh.

D2 to knob it vour Grape be ripe ynoughoꝛ not, which

ve (hail not onelp know in the taſte, but in ſeght and taſt
togither, as in taſte if they be ſwerte and full in eating, and
in ſpghte if the Stone wyll fone fall out being chafed oz
bꝛuiſed, which is the bck knowledge. and alſo whether they
be white o2 blewe, it is all one matter: the god Grape is he
which com meth out all watry,o2 thole which be al tlammp
as bp2d'pme:by theſe ügnes ſhall pe knowe when to cutte,

being thoꝛowe ripe oꝛ not, and whereas pou doe pꝛeſſe pour

Tl ine, pe mulk make pour place ſwæte and cleane, € pour
vellels within to be cleane allo. and fa that they haue ſtrõg

ꝛddes, and thoſe perſons which doe pꝛeſſe the grape, muſt
lokłe theyꝛ handes, fte and bodpe, be cleane wathed, when
às they goe to pꝛelling the grape, ¢ that no woman be there
hauing there termes: and alſo pe ſhall eate of no Cheboles,
Scaliong, Onpons, 02 Garlpke, Annpſedes, oꝛ ſuch lpke,

foꝛ all ſtrong ſauours pour Mine wyll dꝛawe the infeaion

thereof,and as fone as pour grape is tutte and gathered, xe

ſhall pꝛeſſe your Wine after as fone as pe map, which wyl

make pour Mine to be moze pleafant and ſtronger, foꝛ the
grapes which tarpeth long vnpꝛeſt, maketh the wine to be
ſmal and pu, ve muſt fee that pour vellels be new fayꝛe and
ſweete within, and to be waſhed with werte water ¢ then
wel dꝛyed againe, and to perfume them with Maſticke and
ſuch werte vapour, x if pour befell chance not to be werte,
then thali ve pit che him on the ſydes, which pitch wyl take
away all euill and (uch ſtinking ſauour therein.

To prooue or taſte vvine.

AD whenſdeuer pe wyll pꝛoue o; tatte any Tyne,
the belte tyme is, earelpe in the moꝛninge, and 110
| W

n

82 dl The Arte of if

. Planting and Graffing. 83
with vou fhac oꝛ fetw2e ſoppes of bꝛead, then dyppe one al⸗
ter another into the wyne. fo2 therein pe ſhall fyndeif there
be any) ſharpe taſte of the wyne. Thus J leaue (at this pres
ſent) to ſpeake any further bere of the Nine and grape. At
this my ümple labour be taken in god part (gentle reader)
it ſhall the moze hereafter encourage me to fet foꝛth anos
ther bwke moze at large, touchinge the arte of planting and
grafting, with other thinges neceſlary to be knowne.

Here follovveth the beſt times hovve to ordet, or chooſe,
and to ſeite or plant Hoppes.

I S$ this figure pe ſhall buderitand the placing and making
of the Hoppe hilles, by euery Sipher ouer his heade: the
ſpꝛſt place ts ſhewed but one pole fet in the middes, and the
Woppe beneath: Che ſeconde ſheweth howe ſome doth chap
downe a ſpade in the myds ol the hyll, and therein lapes his
Boppe rotes. The third place is ſhewed, howe other ſome
do ſet out one pole in the myddes, and the Poppe rotes at
holes put in rounde about. The fourth place ſheweth howe
ſome choppes in a ſpade crolſle in the top, and there layes in
his rotes. The fyft place ſheweth howe fome doe fet forre
poles therein, puttes the Hoppe round about the byl. The
fort place ſheweth that ſome ble to make crolle holes in the
ſydes, x there layes in the Hoppe rotes. Thus many pꝛac⸗
tiſes haue bene pꝛoued god, pꝛouided alwayes 5 pour holls
be of god fatte earth, {pecially in the myds downe vnto the
one P. i. bottome

84 The Arte of

bottome. his 3 chougbt ſuftitient to ſhewe by this figure
the diuerſitie in letting. tohereot the wee ot he Voppei is
counted the ſureſt way.

TC beft and common ſetting tyme of Poppes, is tom

myd Rouember, to myd Febuary, then mull ve digge
and clenſe the grounde ol wedes, and myre it well with
god molde and fat earth. Then deuide pour hylles a parde
one from another oꝛderly, in making them a pard a funder,
and two fte and a halfe bꝛoade in the bottome, and when
that pe plant them, pe ſhall lay in cucrp Hyll thre oꝛ foure
rotes, ſome doe in ſetting of them lay them crolſewyſe in
the myds of the hyll, and fo couers them againe, ſome ſettes
the rotes in foure partes of the hyll, otherſome doe make
holes rounde about the hilles, and puttes of the rotes ther⸗
in, and ſo couers them againe light with earth: ok one ſhoꝛt
rote in a peare pe may haue many plants, to fet and lap as
ve ſhall fe it god, and it ſhall be ſufficient fo2 euery _—
fo haue two knottes within the grounde, and one without,
ſome doe choppe a ſpade croſle in the sha wae in seroma
the Poppe, and fo couers it. 8

To choofe your Hoppe,

ye fhall chofe pour rotes belt for pour Hop, in the Some
mer befoꝛe ve ſhal plant them, foꝛ then pe thal fee which
beares the Hoppe, foꝛ ſome there is that bꝛinges none, but
that which beares,chofe foꝛ your plants, and fet of thoſe in
your hylles, fo2 ſo ſhall ye not be deceyued, and they ae
pofper well.
To fovve the ſeedes.
me doe holde, that ve mape ſowe among aher tedes,
the ſades of Hoppes, and fo wyll encreaſe and be god ta
fefte,o2 elle to make beddes and ſolwe them alone, whereby
they mape encreaſe to be ſet, and when they be ſtrong, ve
map remoue and ſet them in your een . ame —
the oe befoze mencioned.
‘he

1 a +
ene

Phang dnd Graffi ing. 8

The ſetting your Poles.

. 7 bef time is in Apꝛill, 02 when pour rotes be ſpꝛong

halfe a parde long oꝛ moze, then by euery plant 02 Hop,
in pour Hylles, ve ſhall (et vp a Mole of. riy. o2. riiy. fote
long, oꝛ there aboutes as caufe ſhall requpꝛe, ſome doe ble
to ſet but fowꝛe Poles in euery Hyll, which is thought ſul⸗

flcient . and when ve ſhall ſette them, fee that ve ſette them

ſo laſt that great windes doe not call them downe.

Hovve to proine the tree,

ye hall marke when the Hoppe doth blofome,and knyt

in the top, which hall be perceyued to be the Wop, then
take and cutte vp all the reaſt growing thereaboutes, (not
hauing Hop thereon) hard by the earth, that all thoſe which
carrye the Hop, myght be the better nouriſhed: thus hall
ve doe in Sommer, as pe thal fe them encreaſe and grow,

dne mt tyme of gathering.

“a

To gather che Hop.

Ar luch time afore Miche lmalle as ve hall fée pour ok
ware bꝛowne, 02 ſome what pellowe, then he is belt to
be gathered in a dꝛye daye, in cutting your Poppe by the
ground, then pluck bp pour Pole therewith for ſhaking of
pour Hop, focarrie them into ſome dꝛie houle , and when
pe haue ſo pluckt them, pe ſhall lap them on boꝛded loftes,
oz on hurdels of clothes, that the winde may dꝛy them, and
the apꝛe, but not in the ſunne, foꝛ the fame wyll take away
the ſtrength therof, noꝛ with fyꝛe, foꝛ that wyl do lykewiſe,
and pe ſhal dayly folle and turne them til they be dꝛy: to trp
them when they are dꝛye, hold them in pour hand a ſpace, €
if they cleaue togeather when pe open pour hande, they are
not then dꝛie: but ik they ſhatter a ſunder in opening your
hand, then pe may be ſure they are dꝛie ynough. Ik not, let
them ennie aud bfe pe nee as is befoze ſavde.
D. pe

0 | | i *
86 «The Arte of. i"
Ve thal vnderſtand the dꝛinelſe of them is to preferuc them

and long to laſt, but if næde be, ve maye occupie oe ei
buozyed with lelle poz tion to folve,

VVhat Poles are belt.

Ye (hall prepare pour Poles of luch wood as is lyght and
ſtyffe, and which wyll not bowe with euerp winde, the
beſt and meeteſt tyme to get them is in W inter, when the
ſappe is gone downe, and ag fone as pe haue taken of pour
Hoppe, laye your Poles in ſundꝛie places vntyll the nexte
ſpeing, whereby they may endure the longer.

Hoyyve to order and dreffe your hylles.

A Fifer the firſt veare is paſt, your Poppe being increafed
fo moze plentie of rotes in pour hylles, ve ſhall after
Michel male euerp peare, open pour hylles and caſt downe
the tops vnto the rotes, vncouering them, and cut awaye
all the ſuperlluous rotes, ſome doth plucke awape all the
rotes that ſpꝛeades abzode without the hylles, then opens
the hols and puts of god newe earth vnto them, and fo cos
ners them againe, which Mall kepe them from the froſt, 2
alſo make the grounde fatte , ſo ſhall ve let them remayne
vnto the ſpꝛing of the veare, in Febꝛuary oꝛ arch, then as
gaine tf pe hall fe any fuperfluous rotes, pe mape take
them awaye, and cut them vp, and pour Bop ſhall be the
better, then againe caſt vp the earth about vour hyls, and
clenfing them from all we des and other rotes, which Wpll
take alway their ſtrength, if the herbes remaine, fo 5 we
ref tyll pour Poles may be ſet therein. 136

Of ground beſt for your Hop; Beh
T: He hoppe delyghteth anv loueth a god and vebiisble
fatte grounds, not verpe colde, noꝛ pet to mopt, foz
A haue ſæne them pꝛoue well in Flaunders, in we oe
| eldes,

4 |
Planting and Graffing. 87
fieldes, the Hoppe hilles being of god fat earth, ve may (as
ſome fay foꝛ great nade, make pour Hoppe grow and beare
on any kinde of rockie ground, ſo that pour hylles be great
and fatte earth, but the lower grounde commonly pꝛoueth
belt, ſo that it ſtande well and hote in the Sunne.

A note of the reſt aboue fayde,

VE chall marke and vnderſtande, all this oꝛder aboue

ſaid, is to haue many hoppes and god, with a few rotes
and plantes placed in a ſmall plotte of ground. Pe ſhall vn⸗
derſtande, the wylde hoppe that groweth in the hedges, is
as god to occupye as the other, to fet oꝛ plant in any other
place, but loke pe take not the barren hoppe to plant, ſome
hoppe wyll be barren foꝛ want of god earth, ¢ lacke of deel⸗
ſyng, which ve ſhall perceyue (as J haue tolde you) in the
Sommer bekoꝛe, that when they ſhoulde beare they wyl be
barren, which is foꝛ want of god fatte earth, oꝛ an vnkinde
peare, oꝛ lacke of weeding and god oꝛdering. Therefoꝛe
ſuch as are minded to beſtow labour on the grounde, maye
haue as god hoppe growing in this countrey, as is in other
countreys: but it pe wyll not goe to the coſt, to make hoppe
vardes, ve maye with a light charge haue hoppes growe in
pour hedge rowes, to ſerue as well as the other, and ſhalbe
as god foꝛ the quantity as the other in all reſpeds: ye map
(foꝛ lacke of grounde) plante hoppe rotes in hedge rowes,
when pe doe quicke ſette vp poles by them when time ſhall
requpꝛe in the ſpꝛing, and to beſto we every Winter after
the gathering pour hoppe, on every hyll head, a ſhouell full
of dong to cõfoꝛt the earth, foꝛ then wyll they beare moꝛe
plentie of hoppe the next veare following: to conclude, pou
that haue groundes maye well practic in all thinges afoꝛe
mentioned, and {pecially to haue hoppe in this oꝛdering . foꝛ
pour ſelues and others, alfo pe Mall gene encouragement
fo2 other to followe hereafter . J haue hearde by crespble
perfons, whiche haue knowne a ena helles, (which 4

in. :

| em
88 The Arte of
a mall plat of grounde, to beare thee hundꝛeth pounde of
Poppe, fo that the commodity is much, ¢ the gapnes great:
and one pound of our Hoppe dꝛyed and oꝛdered, wyl goe ag
farre as two pounde of the beſt Hoppe that commeth from

beyond ſeas. Thus much J thought mete and neceflary to
wꝛpte, of the ozdering and planting of the Poppe,

Hovve to packe your Hoppes. >

wee pour Hoppes be well folled and turned on boꝛ⸗
Ded floꝛes, and well dꝛyed (as J haue afore ſhewed)
pe ſhall put them into great ſackes accoꝛding to the quanti⸗
tie of pour Boppes, and let them be troden downe hard tos
gyther, which wyll kepe they, ſtrength longer, and ſo peg
may reſerue them, and take at your pleaſure. Some
doe ble, ( which haue but ſmall ſtoꝛe) to treade
them into dꝛye fattes, and ſo reſerue
them fo2 theyꝛ vſe, which
is counted the
better AS
wap and the leffe poztion doth ſerue, and wyll
longer kepe theyꝛ vertue
and frenath,

Myſhing long life and pꝛoſperous health,
To all furtherers of this common wealth.

FINIS.

83888

I Pere ee a a 22 (Y Al

hahete to finde out quicklie all ſeuerall particulars in this
boale afore mentioned, by the numbers in this table, Mek
tte lybe number on the pagine or leafe.

A
Wꝛicotes grafted, ate 21
1 Antes oꝛ Piſmiars on tres, 50
Antes on vong frees. 50
Antes oꝛ Piſmiars about tres. $7
Antes 02 Piſmiars about Cherry tres. 65
An Apple to be ſet wholeſin the earth. 63
Apple trees graffed. 20. Altering of hard Peares. 74
Altering o2 tranſplanting. 37
Apple tres diſbꝛaunched. 39
Apples without bloſſoming. mien
Apples to be had rathe oꝛ late. 95
Almondes to be greater than other. 1 156
Almondes fet of the curnell. 63
Apples to remaine long on the tr. 72
Apples which are frofen to helpe. 74
Apple tres to be cheriſhed. 75
Apples to be made fall from the tree. 1775
Apple tres to be ſet, not to confume, 76
Apples to growe of divers faſhions. 76
Apples Cions to graffe diuers oztes on a tre- 76
Apples to be coloured. 76
Warrenneſſe of trees and bꝛaunches cut, 456
Barrennelſe of tres to helpe. ) 68
Beaſtes bꝛoſing on trees oꝛ graffes,. 47
Bynding of trees being weake. 27
Bynding of graffes againtt windes, 238
Bynding of graffes. * 30

Byndin ok træs, and wit 6 7 5 44
ending ? b hat. Vougbez

| The Table
Woughes broken to remedie.

BVulhes oꝛ ſmall tres to be ſet.

Bꝛaunches to be fet in the earth.
VBꝛaunches another way.

Bꝛaunches olde howe to be fet.
Bꝛaunches to be ſet and gouerned on tres.
Bꝛaunches to be cut before they be ſet.
Bꝛoken bꝛaunches ta cut of,

Wuthing of graffing heades.

C

Caterpillers on tres.

Chaunging the fruite of curnels.

Cheſtnuttes to be ſe.

Cole woꝛt hard to be grafted,

Cheſtnuͤttes in ranke.

Cheſtnuttes to haue rathe and late.

Cherrie trees to be ſet. |

Cherry tres ſet.

Cherry trees grafted.

Cherries with the difference.
Cherries to be graffed one vpon another.
Cherrpes graffed to be great.

Cherries gratfed and how to be cut.

Cherries to taſte lyke ſpite.

Cherries to haue long on the tres,

Cherries to plant oꝛ to ſet.

Cherrypes to be kept in god ayꝛo.

Choſing pour graffes oꝛ Cions.

Cleauing your ſtockes. |
Cleauing pour ſtockes of Cherries and Plum trees.
Cherry how to be tempered.

Couering pour cliftes on the head,

Curnelles watered.

Curnelles to be fet. eee n n
Curnelles taken out of the pꝛeſſing of frute.
Catting of pꝛintipall members.

utting ebe rwtes.
tting ol great rotes.

Cutting of Cions with the Wehe
Cutting the heaves of pour pares 17
Cutting, pꝛopning and when. Hie

Cutting areat bꝛaunches.

Cutting 5 bzaunches in benen

Damon tres to be fet.

amfons to lat long on the trees.
Dayes on the Pane to graffe on.

Da pes beſt to plant oꝛ gras.

Date tra fet ofa ſtone ae
Defending pour tres — Benin, 2
Deepe ſetting oꝛ hallow. pas
Deepe Digging and donging.

Differences of Cherrpes.

Donging vour træs of Pepines.

Dong and god earth fo2 tres.

Diuers kind of graffes. 21. Digging ecm bude, 4

Digging the rotes all about.

Diſbꝛaunching al wild — ta are rer

nen foꝛth of pour wedge.

Earth with the vſe thereof,
Earth to be made god.
Earth god fo2 tres.

Earth to be digged foꝛ pes. 105

Elmes harde to be grafied, ©

Emettes o2 Antes. darth ano a
F at .

Fenüng pour graffe hemes.

Filbardes to be et. ries 51

Figge trie graffed.

Figge tres to come e

aise tras lo be planted,

& tf

, Swell

een en ys 0 1. Be

6

a) ‘ Te ares es

* Iiir A ERS * Perea

* * ee tiv ‘ „
*

gineid s
*
nt 14
«¥ 11 I 511 ;

»
7
1

: $ K 8 1 ** 5 cs
＋ * o. * oe

5

Foꝛwarde trees to bo markeeeed.

Fowre wayes of graffing. d ee pay
Furniſhers to be had. | . | .
Fruite charging the tree.

Fruit to haue the taſt of half an apple, dars bems,

Fruite howe to keepe them from the trott: 1h Quit. 4
Fruite to be made laratiue. 25 m0 ung
Fruite to taſte as pe Hail teme gon, C 66
Fruite to be kept long. 371 n ie
eee e ſpeing tyme, Nie e een

SGratfing all ſoꝛtes of tres. 320% tanh jot Det 8
Oraffes of Plum trees to graffe With. oe ae

Grafing of Plums and Chertieg, m
@raffing fowꝛe wapes. E e
Graffing of Seruice, oꝛ ſette. ae . 26
raffes of Diners kindes. ITN Te aA een
Draffing the Fygge tree. on
Graffing all ſoꝛtes of tr ss. 20

Graffes to be kept long. 23
Grafing howe to beginnega. 224
Grafing wylde ſtockes. oid ts eee
Oraffing thinges to qraffe With gg 24
Graffes not pꝛoſpering. 4 25
Crafting well and ſounde. Se t druch
Graffes howe to be oꝛdered. aer cg gn oe Ob fuß
Graffing botwe to fake hörde af the bark. ii (0) dag dr
Oraffes pinched inthe ffockees). 160) 4 ado hee
Oraffing the bꝛaunche oꝛ great tre. 27
Grafling manp Cions on one head. 2200 bis tas <=
GEraffes which doe ipahfip take.
SGraffes to be rpabt ſette in the head. nnd 88
Oraffing the ſecond teaye of bꝛaunches. eee
Craffing the third r ee 2 eee 34

Gratfing in the ſhielde. 1 30 c 2 28
Orafing in the Sommer. lag vd spas

—— —

Grafing with great byg Cions. et n
Grafing on vong trees.
Grafing thee oꝛ foure heades on a tier 1

Grafting articikally 02 ſubtilly.

Grafing one Uine on another.

Grafing tymes, and when.

Grafing one Uine with be ali
Graffes howe to be gathered,
Gratling without coze,

Grapes without ſtones.

Grapes to taſte ipke Clare.
Grapes when to be gathere.
Grapes to knowe when they are type.
Great Nuttes oꝛ Plums, fet of nem,
Great Cherries to be graft.

Great bꝛaunches howe to be cutte.

Oouerning ot tres tutte.
Ground beſt foꝛ Boppes.

Gumme to be «anal on træs.

Paſell Muttes to be ſette.

Heddes of gratles to be couered,

Heddes ol graffes to be dꝛeſt.
Howe to graffe the ſhielde.
Howe to ſette trees at large.

Helping of tres. 48. Helping of Molly trees.

Holes fo2 the rotes enlarged,

Howe to remoue tres,

Howe to leaue great bꝛaunches cutte.
Howe to take woꝛmes on (res,
Hoppes howe to plant. l
Hoppes howe to be choſen.
Hoppes ſerdes to be ſowne.
Moppes to be pꝛoyned oꝛ werded.
Hoppes when to be gathered.
Poppe hylles howe to be delt. .

ye tf,

.

The Tl

“Poppe ground the beck. wench 5d Welz n abe
Hoppes botvefobr parte be belt, nso ploy ta cE

D n DAE

Iheeping grafles long. ah Hii) 48 Gel y en
Ber ping Antes from trees. . ie m
“‘Heping yong recs from Snapl es

1
et
Ne ping pong trees in the Spꝛing. te 110 fn 6, 775 55
Banker oꝛ woꝛme in the bare. 99
vig

if

— M eee

Making Spder. eee eee

Making Dachardes in fewe peated, vat erde
Parking the Cocke in kame 85 aim af e

Wedlars grafl, orc? e
spedlars hotve tobe graft to ware creat Gt ay
Medlars againe to be graft. 60 999
Pedlars oꝛ other fruite taſting lyke wb eee B08 Jg
AS

55

44

Pedlars ſoner two monethes 9 fund
Pedlars witkout ſtones. Wee co Sia Een
Pedicining of tr ass.

Medlars, pꝛincipall tymes to rite Perey
Many tras fallowing thep2 naturall carthes. 39
Molle on tres. 69. 8 front be e Badd Igy

Mulberp tree to be lette. i 740 23s

Mulbery free to tome rathe G2 Lage} yor ot: Rs f 33 38 56
‘@Pulberytre: 4 Pulbery robe unten piel ot oath

Mulcadell taſte in Grapes, . e ee
Multiply oꝛ augment tres, ee πνπνν, νν h

Hature of the graſfe s. l % 21
Palure cf places. Lath ge Se 0 ez
Pegligence of the Pla anter. aig ou dau

Nuttes gralte. act de ae

Nutte in graffing. c. Chasis

Nuttes and what doth malte them b. eee

. eee SE ee ene

N ee bela. oo Sen le

Nuttes and ffones which be Ipke , 701
Poynting the tras bencath. Ors; 57 if 1000 67
O omy ae Mess 92 16 : . 1
Onꝛchardes making in fewe peares. Notte Ie native: Oy
Ordering your trees in rankess. 72 e 02 ene
Ordering en trees and Cherry reg. a9 1
Packing ar Pops 88. Parnes raking in plants. vind
Peches rathe o2 timely, 1 54
Peche tres howe to be cult. 20
Peches howe to be coloured. 72

Peche trees with woꝛmes. 71, Pecbes withdut ones, gt
Peares to be altered. 77. Peares to come rathe. gs

Peares to ke pe a vearee. F556
Pepins to be watere. 64
Pepins taken from the pꝛe lle. 2
Ppyne tre to be ſet. SMUT Sd OT at
Pinching of the graffes. | TOS 7 Belay
Piimiars oz Antes. huge) HI Cotados tats
Piſmiars to be deſkroyed. Another. wk
Planting in vallepee. 725 z
Planting trees at large. 40
planting without the rote, and alſo 1 the rote. 1 06
Planting ofthe Nine. 64
‘Planting Ruttes. d ano emu
‘Placing the ſhielde on the bes. eee
Plums to be grafted. 57
‘Plums hal (o be kept. 73. bung na che ke nt 7
Plum tres to be ſel. ! oie
Plum graffes fo be cu-( . 26
Plums taking lyke ſpice. Dic enden 1 94
Poles fo: Boppes. n NE TO | 85
‘Poles which are belt. ue 86
Pꝛaper in gratfing and planting, Deb eine
Peokpte that come by Hoppes. 8 88
VPꝛoyning oꝛ cutting tres, meme AM Wey ae
g eae P. it. Pꝛor⸗

— i: 70 c iat ein 105 d ential

Pꝛopning Cions. en:! 14 Proz
Pꝛopning ot tres and oben. 2 n S8
Poꝛopning of Hoppes. 8
rere to — of, an cist ior ISAs
ann Fd ous ead unte n
Qupne Apple aie to be dame. 9 8
Quinces foꝛ ta plant. ere 82 neh te nae
Quinces to be grafted, ATT ct padaer
a , A R 1 22 ag ail ue
0 ne

Mavſons of Grapes ta kéepe a eae, te gov 0269

Nankes to be ſet. mya ad 9 890
Kemedie againtt bꝛaken bowes. pep pd oases
Remouing oꝛ replanting trees. 3
Replanting in the merteſt times. 5
Rotes to be clenſed. hed ai an ener 122
Rotes to be cut. Ne e ernte
Rotes rebated in replanting, Sq rt —. 1
Notes to be vncouered. | 46
ys 1 pte 46
eruices graffed oꝛ ſet. in
Seruice trees. 22. —— ſet. 22
Sauing the ſtocke before ve quatte. 26
Setting tres in ranke. 1. N
Setting of Nuttes . | nies.
Setting of Fylbardes, oꝛ Bafeliputtes. .. - 10
Betting toward the South oꝛ ſunnie plate. 38
Setting plums oꝛ Damſon trees. 12 a

Hefting all fortes of Cherries, .

Setting of buſhe tr es,

Shielde howe to be bounde, |

eat 02 ſhielde to nee to oe if iet be ane
a

8 making and pirrr.

24 Je

| 8

elites, ace ton 200 hia? E
Srons when to be gathered. in MNS d 3
Syons pluckte vp. 3. Sons without rwtes⸗-
Svons which are beit. 23. Slender ſtockes oꝛ tres. 27
Small tres ofcurnelles. 3. Bnaples on trees. ng
Sowing of Pepines oꝛ eurnelles, QMO 1%

Space from ranke to rankk e. Ucon
Staues to Taye your Cions. And 14
Stocke heddes to be well tutte. 26
Stock beds clouen to much, oꝛ fb barkebeabe lane. 28
Stockes not haftily to be remwued. BLI
Stones of fruite to be ſette. mie yi aaah ati 62
swelling 3 perp ga ada Wag BN ts TB
Sahin hee mg ; or) Handi ant 3 6
Taking vp of tres, path 0 ug 9} 97480 . 56
Taking of ö chield from the batt (ott on again, 34
Symes beſt to gratte i. n wi 55
Typmes and manner of graffing tolwze hayes. nn at
Vpmes to cut Cions. 69 ame eb 7 g 118
Mymes tolette ꝑutte trees. 8
Lymes when to oncouer the wiede: SHOT e

To kerpe Peares ayeare, 208 1) 9162 vow ty: 2177.9 486
Drantplanting after Pichel mat ous
Brees graffed oꝛ bnarafte,to — it Befteo HM
Trees of wilde Puttes. 10. Greet be taken by, ‘ofp
Trees of great Cions pꝛickt in the earth, without rotes. 16

Trees hard to be graft, with ſhielde oꝛ ſcutchion. 22
CTress charged with fruite, 7. 22
Trees to chaunge Cions oꝛ graffes on. 22
ares to chofe to nbc on... 23
Trees to marke, w de.. 24
Ss as bge ns our rey tage 8 5 97 5 27
Tias haus ref rache, 4
Trers hurt oꝛ eaten wich beaties. 47
res being long without kruite. $3

iis

When to vnceuer pour tres.

M ylde ſtockes remwued.

T

Brees which doe not profper.
7 with woꝛmes 02 fruit. orn. ti Sia 59
ras bearing bytter trattoria
d ARV GMb enna er Adon 2 esl and
Uines bowwe tu plant. 64. Tine, a2 Grabe. 58
Bie of earth in ſowing youn mnelles. ef 20 preva: a

Uncouering of the tre rotes. 1 17 01 otis eee
pi VV nc m9 ogni clasime
Malnuttes fet. 9. Wi aluuttes holu f be kept. 00

Malnutte trees what they loue beſt. gt
Materingtras againſt the Caterpyller. iad zen 2254188
Matering trees o2 plantes. 4. Materinge
Meding pour beddes 02 grounde 12 ene
Medges in gratfing. howe to be ſoktiy dꝛawne foꝛth. 30
M hat tras loueth kayꝛe ſunne, 2 what loue cold ane. 39
@ hat dong to dong pour trees. 44. hen to PROG: Ag
fi ole ! ne
UU by fruite fauour 02 taſte not well..
WU ploe trees plucked ps? : 125 but CNB 29119
ano >I Na 8

GU vne howe to pꝛoue oz taſte,

Moꝛmes among rotes. 43. demea n be batte. *

Moꝛmes that doe eate in tres...

oe
Moꝛmes of a ſtraunge nature; and bold to take tbem. 28

Moꝛmes in tres uf feuite:· ang, ane gg gπνεεN˙νẽ
en e n e sais? 0 8127

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