¥ 7 » 4 ‘ Eee Wye 4 a" \ ’ t ‘| . * e ab ‘ ‘ J ‘ P t t , ‘ rm) i ety t ary , \ ‘ ‘ ( 7 * &%) : 4 Bin : ' ‘ 4s ee y | ‘ er" (3 3 2 a 44 i a ee % \ 1 ‘ + 4 4 a or 7 ‘ ' 4 ' \ ‘ } vt * 4 ‘ tryts qh? tt ‘ ut . a 5 4 : ’ ‘ 4" \ rf ‘ a q¥ eh ‘. . t ¥ 7 « . , 4 <i . : \ ‘ \ 4 é ; \ ‘ ¥ Voy 7 ‘ at 4 a ‘ ! % ‘ 44 \ » ‘ \ ‘ ar { an 7 % ; vs % \ ‘ oF a4 ‘ i " ? oS ‘ ‘ 4? a 4 ry ‘ ‘ 49 “4 . $ t ‘ ‘ & y , e* ¥ o\y { ’ ‘ P ‘ ‘ ‘ 4 t yt } f ‘ i . 4 x urs x . 4 ‘ $ ¥ ‘ ‘ < 44 % ye ‘ 4 re | FI re 4 " ‘ 5 $ ¢ ‘ ty 4 a ‘ . y 4 4 . : , eM J \ ‘ \ Si} ote.§ j 7 « ® > ‘ \ . 4 4 ‘em » #1, % , 3 ‘ . aie : A ‘ ‘ vt i { : ‘ cA% < : : i y ‘ Vier’ \ A a4. 4 ‘ . * * . Pei ‘ . 4 » . 4 t » \ LB “+ ’ + ¥ » . ‘ ‘ 5 ‘ ‘ ay ‘ . ‘ 7 7 . ‘ « 4 © ‘ Lie 4 4 4 q 4 ry . 4 4 \ rT ‘ 4 ’ . § i] ‘ a b \ " 4 A < et a . 4 ‘ ea ty ‘ La ‘ 3 « > ‘ 4 2 ‘ t + y «3 7 ry ry % 4 t . 7 . ‘ A 7 1 q fs ‘ 4 4 a byes ot 4 . 4 \ s % ‘ ' : s] 4 } ee Bek 3 ‘ a}, ‘ P ' at ' 2 vel y ‘ ’ 5 . A % } ‘a 13 : ‘ \ ‘ . cet + 4 we ‘ ‘ f af ee ‘ ‘ P rh A } yi * y ny { ys “sy ‘ . ’ 4 \ ie. ; ¢ * 1 3 : ‘4 , s 4 Md > E- i } te, ¢ 4 } , ‘ eh Be, \ < % 4 e . ‘ h ° »? : . ™ - ’ « c J . . 's a Se 4 7 . ¢ ut A. ' i ‘ . » a4 . ra Fae ware) * r ¥ : t * Rg ws it s ‘ +4 be .% eet ' ‘4 H 4 2 ; : aT "pat $ i es, ~ ‘4 t $ yt e ‘ t y ‘ r ; : ‘ ’ 3 ‘ wis s b | : ‘ ; bi : caay 5 3 1 Al Se & a \ : b * My ‘ ce tae A ii ‘ae ‘ } ‘ a P x, Pa aa ue . 7 t 4 ! 4 | . 1 a4 ‘ 4 4 : : 4 ‘ l a4 ‘ P ¥ ’ \ 4 r } i r ‘ F ¥ Pear , oe . : 5 t 1 e a L ’ Hi . nt s hoe . A t?, e L4 r ri} us P i" t . q 3. . & Fi i ‘ by "ys 4 ‘ vi F ae ae ee , F , 2 Dy ‘ aout ir sy He anys Sd ‘ ¥ 4 : eral. . ia j i \ weet go ay Oy \ 28 i ‘ : P mh a rare j et : ; N \ ‘ ! ‘ wy ‘ aot & R 4 ‘ ' A 3 F iy 3 ‘ 24 4 ad : ‘ . act ® ae} a 5 Gi aes are rc bet ‘
Copyright N°.
COPYRIGHT DEPOSIT.
—
nh
EF soak
es - bem
p= 4
Yet as
Popular Dogs of the Day
NO. |
THE BOSTON TERRIER
ITS HISTORY, POINTS, BREEDING, REARING TRAINING, AND CARE TOGETHER WITH SEV- ERAL INSTRUCTIVE CHAPTERS ON MAN- AGEMENT AND _ DIS- EASES OF DOGS FROM A COMMON SENSE
By J. VARNUM MOTT, M. D.
eee and Revised Edition
ILLUSTRATED
FIELD AND FANCY PUBLISHING CO. 14 and 16 CHURCH STREET, NEW YORK
oY
LIBRARY of CONGRESS Two Copies Received NOV 6 1906
OOPYRIGHT, 1906.
FIELD AND FANCY PUBLISHING CO. NEW YORK
THE LATE DR. J, VARNUM MOTT.
CONTENTS:
CHAPTER “TI; HISTORY OF THE BREED.
The Origin and History of the Boston Terrier—Concerning Some of the Earlier Dogs—The Influence of Bernard’s Tom —Other Important Sires—How the Small Size Was Ob- tained—A False Impression Corrected............... 9-13
CHAPTER II. THE BOSTON TERRIER CLUB.
The Purposes and Objects of the Boston Terrier Club—History of This Organization—The Work Done by the 'Club—The Officers—The Specialty Show—The Constitution and By- Laws—The Boston ‘Terrier Standard and Scale of POG Sea cee eer UiNes Man ee ee eee ee Ray sre Ne atte ba, 8 14-25
CHAPTER III. THE BOSTON AS A SHOW DOG.
The Unique Position of the Breed as a Show Dog—The Neces- sity of Breeding in This Variety—The Small Kennel’s Breed —The Importance of Good Judges—The Qualifications for Judging—The Spirit of the True Fancier............. 26-31
CHAPTER IV. BREEDING.
The Difficulties of Breeding Typical Dogs—The Keynote of Uniformity—Breeding Hints—The Question of Mating— Valuable Points as to the Selection of the Sire—The Im-: portance of Pedigree—Care of a Stud Dog—Rational Mating bie ditch and flier Puppies jas sro. laws cede ans § 32-40
5
CHAPTER V. EDUCATING A BOSTON TERRIER.
The Characteristics of Boston Terriers—Their Intelligence— A Practical Demonstration—Housebreaking—Teaching Them to be Watchful—Discipline—Some of the Special Advantages of the Breed) era en ecats oe te eeee 41-50
CHAPTER. -Vi. BUYING A DOG.
How to Select a Dog—Intelligence of the Boston Terrier—Each Dog’s Peculiarities and Characteristics—The Best Way to Buy—Reputable Dealers—“Over Distemper’—Some Advice on Veterinaries—The Dog vs. the Bitch as a Com- WaAnion, cvs PSE ik SMe ctacie nt nig nig hate bre eee pean eet ace tame 51-57
CHAPTER VII. THE CARE OF A DOG.
The Foundation of Health—Feeding—The Happy Medium— What and When to Feed—The Candy Curse—The Play- thing—The Importance of Exercise—The Airing—The Walk—Street Breaking a Dog—Following a Trap.... 58-66
CHAPTER VIII. SOME HINTS ON DOG KEEPING.
Dog Blankets and Their Use—The Care of the Feet—The Eyes —Constipation and Its Opposite—Coughs From _ the Stomach and Throat—The Bath—The Best Dog Soap—The Best Way to Wash a Dog—Fleas—Care of the Coat.. 67-73
CHAPTER IX. CANINE DISEASES.
The Susceptibility of the Breed to Disease—Worms—The Dangers of Vermifuges—Teething Troubles—Distemper— Its Causes and Treatment—Complications of Distemper— Recovery From Distemper—Skin Diseases—How to Kill a Dog Humanelys s,s $0 ee i eee 74-83
Glossary: of ‘Technical ‘Terms .29:. 1) ease 84-87
LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS.
Page Frontispiece—Dr. J. Varnum Mott. BS eels Fe OEE et re ine Wek AG a Big aw es wakes owe c bens II Bearcats alge ee See eet e Sarco wee Lote Cm Ma APS wierd a's alee 13 a Dg aS OTS 27g SR Rr a i a ee SR re 15 er Re ar en erie eR ae ha agian ee a Ole eh ts Fae EP ata take Oo 17 ee] SP Se Tey BSG Sa Sem eo i ok eS adi aa 19 aie a Te CAMEO EC 5 1d cata cv ee orscw tnee Pale, abtis ©; aeafe WE athe ve wm 6 21 aC IIE OIA | Fae 8s late Pee tease aie se Yh aala cn oe wimle n'y 25 ORE are tread red ROTI To s. o OL noe hs Siete week he wie avd keds Sen ew Bee crstaces 27 Penile Morte et tee Oe ay oe ie eee as eRe Maus wakes 29 ERIM MISC RSI Mu Woh elec. Siaeae oe see le Glen bd te Oa eas 3i GOGO S IS PGR es os sa is tos ce SSSR een eae Seiten sees ae 33 et PMR MORI MEATRBONEN Ges es Uh Seika ee ahd Ben WF aes os ee eh we a5 PA AIR eC EG Bee ota So oa, oe Re ea Bion, Shoe Os Bad woe ee Faken a7 ori ae ee eee ns tern, SES a FUN Das Mew Oa ee 30 RE ar CREE as Sacre ee ee een gh a Oa gin site PR ae ooh eR Ae 43 RR RENAN IRIEL Taree TURAL ght Sg oe od Thane 5 aig See cbr Gs ay si lar ti aria Sno eae ah eee 45 TS ACIRGS BETS ba Ur St ie A iB Dp sree are Re ie ee ND ES eee ee eae 47 ead ce nT EE ere cree a os chy hr ee nee hcg civ d ower Bitten RO 49 MRE Ore A DON yi PR errs CAE Gen eee eee bie an phew a's he Pos Aart Py in 53 nr Repu tn ee een POTS oso SF tials oh cca at eee a oe tls oes 55 Mora NE tte ey een ec Sl aha e tre Seka Som Te Ons sree oom ceere'd 57 CLE SE SIE SS Se cin a ar, OS AL CRU et See Agar re ARE 59 SAGE Eee ect etry eres! Homie ai «\F Viele e's he ewe g's Se RO ems 61 eae ner ee et PO eS TaN as (tats Lvs bf BE Cease Stes Smet 63 aden Semesan so o0 6 ek SE ee. 65 LURE EE BSE aE Cia OIA TEs SREY eee thd ae 66 ie Cae eR Re ices ea Sieg ies ith ek oD ese ee des ose 69 PERM GE NL eee Te a ret fog ee os SES ae va en ce ax lars kta 71
VCE od ire: c wig ald « Gislete Mere En oy i ee a ER: 72 Kinsmiain’s “Balls 32 ects che oc Bis cate een = ca eee ane 73 Oarsitian an 258s a eee Ae he A I ae 2s 75 Sot ULE ED he a Sage a RR eee eae EU aie cde oF, Y epemiany <2 3 Ree atc ee oe RR a ie eee er ee 79 Lady Dainty Sie eer on od seve ae Le ee pe cen PEDMN Yev Ol Whisper ss Sciacca can oe. il ete Sec ater ce eer ted eee eee 83
CHAPTER I.
HISTORY OF THE BREED.
The Origin and History of the Boston Terrier—Concerning Some of the Earlier Dogs—The Influence of Barnard’s Tom—Other Important Sires—How the Small Size was Obtained—A False Impression Corrected.
A CORRECT biography of this most popu- lar and important breed cannot fail to prove of absorbing interest, and we are particularly fortunate in being able to rely on the history as given by one who cer- tainly had ample opportunity, by his long and varied experience as a breeder, to be- come familiar and thoroughly conversant with all of the most important facts of Boston Terrier history. The mingling of the blood of the aristocratic English Bull- dog and the pugnacious Bull Terrier oc-
curred over thirty years ago, and the result was responsible for
the present Boston Terrier.
Being very anxious to present a correct and concise history of this breed, application has been made to Mr. Dwight Baldwin, long recognized as an expert, to be permitted to use in its en- tirety his very lucid description of the early history of the breed as contained in the Boston Terrier Club Book. This permission was most cordially given, and we are surely indebted to him for this privilege. Search was made among the earlier breeders for photographs of the dogs of days gone by, and as a result of their interest and kindness photographs of dogs who, although noted in their day, have never thus appeared before the public are in this little volume.
The question is often asked: How did the breed originate? Briefly stated, it may be said to have resulted from a cross be- tween the English Bulldog and the English Terrier, and then to have been considerably inbred. Accidental peculiarities of the first dogs used as sires are partly responsible for the present type: .
ow --—5
re)
About twenty-five (now thirty-five) years ago Mr. Robert C. Hooper of Boston came into possession of a dog named Judge. This dog, which he purchased of Mr. William O’Brien of the same city, was undoubtedly imported from the other side. Judge, commonly known as Hooper’s Judge, was destined to be the an- cestor of almost all the true modern Boston Terriers. He was a cross between an English Bulldog and an English Terrier, lean- ing in type rather more toward the Bulldog. He was a strongly built, high-stationed dog of about thirty-two pounds weight. In color he was a dark brindle, with a white stripe in the face. His head was square and blocky, and he resembled the present Bos- ton Terrier in that he was nearly even mouthed. Judge was bred to Burnett’s Gyp (or Kate). Gyp was a white bitch, owned by Mr. Edward Burnett of Southboro. She was of about twenty pounds weight, had a fine three-quarter tail and was quite low stationed. She was of stocky build, showing consider- able strength in her make-up. Her head was good, being short and blocky.
From Judge and Gyp descended Wells’ Eph. This dog was of strong build and, like his dam, was low stationed. His weight was about twenty-eight pounds. He was of a dark brindle color, with even white markings, and, like Judge, was nearly even mouthed.
Eph was mated with Tobin’s Kate. This bitch was of small size, weighing only twenty pounds. She had a fairly short head, was of a golden brindle color, and had a straight three- quarter tail.
From Wells’ Eph and Tobin’s Kate came Barnard’s Tom, the first dog in this line to rejoice in a screw tail. Tom was a dark brindle dog, with a white blaze on the side of his face, white collar, white chest and white feet. His weight was about twenty-two pounds. This dog was a great improvement over his sire and grandsire, being the first to show that fine quality that is present in a good specimen of the modern Boston Terrier. Tom was undoubtedly the best Boston Terrier of, his day, and was naturally much used in the stud. He proved very pre- potent, much more so than his litter brother, Atkinson’s Toby. The latter was also dark brindle and white, but differed from Tom in being evenly marked. His tail was not as good, being of Neil ee Irom Tom came Barnard’s Mike, out of Kelly’s wy Cli.
10
The latter was a dark brindle bitch, with uneven white mark- ings, one side of her face being brindle, while the other was white. Her weight was about twenty pounds. The head was good, being short and blocky, while the tail was three-quarters in length and tapered well.
Mike was of rather light brindle and white, and weighed about twenty-five pounds. He was even mouthed, and had a large, full eye. His tail was exceedingly short. He, like Tom, had proved very prepotent. That this is true we have only to look at their descendants and observe the type of head, large eyes and short or screw tail that are continually reappearing; so that it can fairly be said that much more is due to Tom and
BARNARD’S TOM.
Mike than to any other dogs for the establishment of the pres- ent type of the Boston Terrier.
By this it is not meant that there were not other dogs of that time or since who have not exercised an influence on the breed, but only that the dogs mentioned comprised the main line, and to them is the most credit due.
Among other dogs that were useful may be mentioned Town- send’s Sprig, a son of Tom, out of Higginson’s Belle. Sprig was a very small dog, weighing about twelve pounds. From Sprig are descended most of A. L. Goode’s strain of dogs, remarkable for their color and markings.
II
Another prominent dog was Ben Butler. He also was a son of Tom, out of Barnard’s Nellie.
Other prominent stud dogs were Hall’s Max, O’Brien’s Ross, Hook’s Punch, Trimount King, McCullen’s Boxer and Ben, Goode’s Ned, and Bixby’s Tony; all of whom, through Bar- nard’s Tom, or his brother, Atkinson’s Toby, trace their an- cestry back to Hooper’s Judge.
Among the earlier bitches who proved worthy may be men- tioned Reynolds’ Famous, dam of Gilbert’s Fun; Kelly’s Nell, dam of O’Brien’s Ross and Trimount King; Saunders’ Kate, dam of Ben Butler; Nolan’s Mollie, dam of Doctor, Evadne and Nancy.
Besides the above dogs, and quite remote from them, were several imported small dogs. These served to introduce fresh blood into the line represented by Judge and Tom, which had been considerably inbred up to this time.
One of these was the Jack Reed dog. He was an evenly marked, reddish brindle and white dog, and weighed from twelve to fourteen pounds. He had a straight three-quarter tail, but was unfortunate in having a rather rough coat.
Another outside dog was the Perry dog. He was imported from Scotland, and weighed but six pounds. He was of a peculiar blue color, having some white on him. He also had a three-quarter straight tail.
Kelly’s Brick was another outsider. He also came from the other side. This fierce little dog was of white color, with sev- eral black spots. His weight was from sixteen to eighteen pounds. He had a good, large skull and an unusually large, full eye. The tail was straight.
A fourth outsider was O’Brien’s Ben. He was a short, cobby, low-set dog, of a white and tan brindle color. His weight was about twenty pounds. His tail was straight and of three-quar- ters length, carried low. He had an exceedingly short head and was even mouthed. His breeding was unknown.
These few outside dogs were all small, and undoubtedly helped to fix the small size of the present dog, while the con- tinued interbreeding of the sons and daughters of Tom tended to make the type permanent.
The above gives very briefly the main facts concerning the older dogs of this breed, practically bringing the line down to the present generation.
I2
To correct an idea that has become somewhat prevalent, it can here be stated that the dog is in no sense a fighting dog. While he is plucky, as might be expected from his ancestry, he is not quarrelsome.
A careful perusal of the foregoing article shows very con- clusively that the present Boston Terrier, as he is now known (his name some fifteen years ago having been changed from the Boston Bull), is a result of inbreeding of the most careless or happy-go-lucky sort, and as a consequence, even after a lapse of thirty-five years, he continues to present himself as representing several distinct types—so that we often have an example of the English Bull, the true type of Boston Terrier and a pronounced Terrier in the same litter, despite the utmost care in breeding. This peculiarity of the breed will be more fully treated in a later chapter.
HALL’S MAX.
13
CHAPTER Ii.
THE BOSTON TERRIER CLUB.
The Purposes and Objects of the Boston Terrier Club—History of this Organization—The Work Done by the Club— The Officers—The Specialty Show—The Constitution and By-Laws—The Boston Terrier Standard and Scale of Points.
IN 1890 a club was formed in Boston by the men interested in the breeding of the Bull- Bull Terrier cross dog, or as he was then called, American Bull Terrier. The next year, finding that judges at Bench Shows would not give their dogs places in the Bull Terrier classes, where at this time they were
entered, the club applied for admission in the American Kennel
Club and recognition for their dogs in the Stud Book. The
A. K. C. expressed their willingness to take the club under its
wings, but said that the dog was not an established breed and
could not go in the Stud Book. They also made a suggestion, which was subsequently adopted, that as the dog was not a Bull
Terrier, and as he was then bred exclusively in Boston, a better
name would be the Boston Terrier Club. In 1893, the A. K. C.
were convinced of the merits of the breed and formally acknowl-
edged the same by admitting the Club to membership and giy- ing their dog a place in the Official Stud Book.
The Boston Terrier Club, as its name would indicate, is formed of breeders and lovers of this. breed. Its object is to © further in eve1y way possible the interests of the Boston Terrier. It is duly incorporated under the laws of Massachusetts, and has at present a membership of seventy-five. The club during the past year has held regular monthly meetings, all of which have been exceedingly interesting.
While the Boston Terrier Club is in no sense a social insti- tution, still its interests are most carefully guarded by a member- ship committee who investigate very carefully all applicants for membership. The initiation is $5 and the yearly dues, payable ‘x advance, $10. Each applicant has to be imteoduced by a mem-
14
OSGOOD.
H
F
DR
ber, referred to membership committee, reported on by them at the next regular meeting, and, if favorable, then must be duly elected by ballot.
Cups and medals are offered at most of the bench shows for competition «mong the members. At the Ladies’ Kennel Asso- ciation Show in 1902 a very happy departure was made by offer- ing a cup and medal open to all exhibitors of Boston Terriers. At the annual meeting, which was held on the second Wednes- day of December, a number of judges are elected, and their names are sent to the bench show committees of the principal shows, requesting that one of their number be selected to offici- ate as judge. This list is not absolutely confined to members of the club, but also comprises the names of other gentlemen, recognized either as all-round judges or as well known breeders and experts of this particular variety.
This year (1906) the Club’s list of judges is a very excellent one and comprises the following well known names: Joseph M. Dale, Dwight Baldwin, T. Benson, H. D. Riley, Harry W. Lacey, Dwight Moore, Myron W. Robinson, William J. Green, James Mortimer, P. J. Brickley, W. H. Hanley, Alex.-Goode, M. F. Mulcahy, A. Mulvey and F. A. Teeling.
A departure from the old methods of running the elections was made this year. Instead of only allowing those present at the meeting to have a vote, printed ballots were sent to all members, who marked and returned them. The officers elected December 13, 1905,by this system were: President, Dr. F. N. Osgood; vice-president, Dr. George P. Morris; secretary, F. A. Teeling; treasurer, Dwight Baldwin. The executive committee is composed of the officers (ex-officio) and Messrs. Mark A. Knipe, the Rev. John T. Fahey and Thomas Benson.
The Boston Terrier Club also gives a Specialty Show each year in Boston. This show has the honor of being the largest and in all respects the greatest of one-breed fixtures. In fact, the Boston Terrier is the largest and one of the most important supporters of dog shows throughout the country, and were it not for him many of the shows, especially in New England, would be relegated to the shelf. The shows held in this part of the country seem almost to be Boston Terrier events, so greatly are the entries of this breed in the majority.
Following are the Order of Business, Constitution, By-Laws and Official Standard of the Boston Terrier Club:
10
ORDER OF BUSINESS.
Calling meeting to order.
Roll call.
Reading of minutes.
Reports of officers.
Reports of standing committees by seniority. Reports of special committees. Communications.
Applications for membership. Election of members.
10. Election of officers.
11. Unfinished business.
12. New business.
13. Welfare of the club.
Under this heading is included remarks and debates in- tended to promote the interests of the club and the Boston Terrier in general.
14. Adjournment.
Pe ONG SAB
CONSTITUTION.
ARTICLE. 7:
NAME.
This Asociation shall be known as and called the Boston TERRIER CLUB.
ARTICLE FL , OBJECT. The object of the club shall be to promote and encourage
the breeding and improvement of the Boston Terrier Dog, as defined by its standard.
ARTICLE If.
MEMBERSHIP.
Section 1. Applications for membership .must be accom-
panied by the membership fee and endorsed by two members,
and made at least seven days before action by the Club, to the
secretary or a member of the membership committee, who shall refer it to said committee for investigation.
Sec. 2. Any member can resign from the Club by sending his resignation to the secretary in writing, and upon the acceptance of such, all his interest in the property of the Club ceases from the date of such resignation,
18
19
Sec. 3. Any member whose dues shall remain unpaid for one month after the same becomes due, shall cease to be a mem- ber, and forfeit to the Club all claims and benefits to which he would have been entitled as a member, provided that the execu- tive committee may consider his case, and upon sufficient cause shown, reinstate him to membership upon payment of his dues.
ARTICLEMIY, MANAGEMENT.
Section 1. The officers of the Club shall consist of a presi- dent, vice-president, secretary, treasurer and an executive com- mittee, of which three shall constitute a quorum; said committee to consist of the above named officers and three active members chosen by the Club.
Sec. 2. Any office vacated during the year shall be filled by the executive committee.
Bei CWE Ne
Section 1. Nomination for officers and judges for the ensuing year shall be made either by mail or from the floor, at a meeting to be held in November, at least twenty days prior to the annual meeting, the call to contain the purpose of the meeting, after which nominations shall be closed. The secretary shall mail a ballot containing all regular nominations to each member in time to be voted at the annual meeting.
Src. 2. The officers of the Club shall be chosen by ballot at the annual meeting and shall hold their respective offices for one year or until their respective successors are elected.
Sec. 3. Mail voting shall be allowed on amendments to the Constitution, By-Laws, Standard and Scale of Points.
Src. 4. Each member shall have the right to vote on the election of officers and judges by mailing the official ballot duly marked and sealed to the Secretary, and enclosed in an envelope, which envelope shall also contain the name of the member so
voting.
ARTICLE Vi: MEETINGS.
Section 1. There shall be meetings of the Club, at which seven members present and voting shall constitute a quorum, held at Boston, Mass., at such time and place as the president may direct, but the annual meeting shall be held on the second Wednesday in December of each year.
SPECIAL MEETINGS.
Sec. 2. A special meeting of the Club shall be called by the president on the written application of five members in good standing.
20
MR. DWIGHT MOORE.
BY-LAWS.
ARTICLE. DUTIES OF OFFICERS.
Sad
SecTION I. President.—The president shall discharge the usual duties of his office, preside at all meetings of the Club and of the executive committee, call special meetings of the Club, or of the executive committee, and enforce the provisions of the Consti- tution and By-Laws of the Club. He may vote on amendments to the Constitution or alteration of the By-Laws and Standard or Scale of Points, on the expulsion or suspension of a member, and on election of officers and judges. But on all other matters he shall vote only on case of tie and then give the deciding vote.
Sec. 2. Vice-President——The vice-president shall discharge all the duties of the president in the latter’s absence.
Sec. 3. Secretary.—The secretary shall have charge of all official correspondence, keep copies of all letters sent by him, and file such as he may receive, and correspond at the request of the president or executive committee on all matters apper- taining to the object of the Club. He shall keep a roll of the members of the Club with their addresses.
He shall be exempt from payment of annual dues.
Sec. 4. The treasurer shall collect and receive all moneys due the Club and keep a correct account of the same. He shall pay all orders drawn on him by the executive committee out of the funds of the Club, when countersigned by the president, and present a repert of the condition of affairs in his department at the request of the executive committee or president, and at the annual meeting. The treasurer shall furnish a bond satisfactory to the executive committee.
Sec. 5. Committees.—The executive committee shall make all purchases ordered by the Club, audit the accounts of the treasurer and report the same at the annual election in Decem- ber, and transact all business not otherwise provided for.
It shall have the power to appoint sub-committees for any special purpose, and to delegate to each sub-committee the powers and functions of the committee relating thereto.
The president shall be the chairman of the executive com- mittee.
Sec. 6. Sub-Committees.—The standing sub-committees shall be a membership committee of five and a pedigree committee of three.
The membership committee shall investigate the standing of all applicants, and report to the Club for action those names it considers desirable as members.
The pedigree committee shall investigate the pedigrees of those dogs offered for registration in the A. K. C. Stud Book.
The chairman of the pedigree committee shall have the cus- tody of the Club stud book, and shall enter in *™= same the registrations allowed by the A. K. C.
22
AIVICL ETE.
DISCIPLINE.
The executive committee shall have the power to discipline by suspension a member found guilty of conduct prejudicial to the best interests of the Club. All charges against a member must be made in writing and filed with the executive committee and no member shall be suspended without an opportunity to be heard in his own defense. When the expulsion of a member is considered advisable, the report of the committee shall be presented to the Club, whose action shall be final.
ARLICLE ATI.
DUES.
SECTION I. The entrance fee shall be five dollars, which must accompany the application for membership.
Sec. 2. The annual dues shall be ten dollars, payable upon notice of election and at each annual meeting thereafter.
204) "a Ce coats
JUDGES.
SECTION I. There shall be elected by ballot each year at the annual meeting a corps of not more than fifteen judges, a list of whose names shall be sent to bench show committees with a request that the judge of Boston Terriers at their approaching shows be selected from said list. .
Sec. 2. The Club judges may exhibit, but shall not compete at or be interested directly or indirectly in the show at which they officiate.
ABEL IyvEe VE.
AMENDMENTS.
This Constitution and these By-Laws, and the Standard and Scale of Points may be amended or altered by a two-thirds vote at any regular meeting or special meeting called for that purpose.
Notice of proposed change having been given to all members at least ten days previous tec said meeting.
THE BOSTON TERRIER.
Standard.
The general apearance of the Boston Terrier is that of a smooth, short-coated, compactly-built dog of medium station. The head should indicate a high degree of intelligence, and should be in proportion to the dog’s size; the body rather short and well-knit, the limbs strong and finely turned, no feature being so prominent that the dog appears badly proportioned.
The fox conveys an impression of determination, strength
23
and activity. Style of a high order, and carriage easy and graceful.
Skull—Broad and flat, without prominent cheeks, and fore- head free from wrinkles.
Stop—Well defined but indenture not too deep.
Eyes—Wide apart, large and round, neither sunken nor too prominent, and in color dark and soft. The outside corner should be on a line with the cheeks as viewed from the front.
Ears—Small and thin, situated as near corners of skull as possible.
Muzzle—Short, square, wide and deep, without wrinkles. Nose black and white, with a well-defined straight line between nostrils. The jaws broad and square, with short, regular teeth. The chops wide and deep, not pendulous, completely covering the teeth when mouth is closed.
Neck—Of fair strength, without throatiness and _ slightly arched.
Body—-Deep and of broad chest, well ribbed up. Back short, not roached. Loins and quarters strong.
Elbows—Standing neither in or out. Fore legs— Wide apart, straight and well muscled.
Hind legs—Straight, quite long from stifle to hock (which should turn neither in nor out), short and straight from hock to pastern. Thighs well muscled. Hocks not too prominent.
Feet—Small, nearly round, and turned neither in nor out. Toes compact and arched.
Tail—Set on low, short, fine, and tapering, straight or screw, devoid of fringe or coarse hair, and not carried above the horizontal.
Color—Any color; brindle, evenly marked with white, strongly preferred.
Markings—White muzzle, blaze on face, collar, chest and feet.
Coat—Fine in texture, short, bright, and not too hard.
Weight—Light weight class 12 and not to exceed 17 pounds; middleweight class 17 and not to exceed 22 pounds; heavyweight class 22 and not to exceed 28 pounds.
Disqualifications—Docked tail and any artificial means used to deceive the judge,
24
EOP 2s sss
SCALE OF
a euw ele \e 640, lero! @).a tea .eh One Ys) ee
POINTS.
HOGG WUC OSs sck'd coool es hs 4 ts U1 uo) 82 ee ne Done Oe 4 BiG tot Riiese sues eet Meecnora ota ts 2 tet Pare a Sear A atits 0 Gales ays 10 ‘C300 Pj Pt Lc ye 9g aU ES 8 Mira ites niece hae gg ies Wig 4 CPOE T aa epee e ROAR, Ite Aenea ht a 2 General appearance and style. Io
ATKINSON’S TOBEY.
25
CHAPTER III.
THE BOSTON AS A SHOW DOG.
The Unique Position of the Breed as a Show Dog—The Neces- sity of Breeding in This Variety—A Small Kennel’s Breed—The Importance of Good Judges—The Qualifi- cations for Judging—The Spirit of the True Fancier.
AS A show dog the Boston Terrier holds a position in doggy America that is particu- larly unique. It is a breed, the only breed, that is distinctively American and conse- quently there is no importing from England. This fact has done much to keep this breed from falling into the hands of the English professional handlers, who, with one! excep- tion, pay no attention to the variety. As it has been impossible to import winners, it has been necessary for someone to breed them and while there are some who still follow the buying game so popular in other breeds, the vast majority of the Bos- ton fancy are breeding their show stock. The success that has attended the efforts of the Boston Terrier men and women along these lines shows very plainly that it is possible to breed good dogs in America and the fanciers devoted to other varieties will do well to take the hint.
Another peculiar thing about the Boston as a show dog is that although there are many big and very successful kennels continually showing fine strings of dogs, still the small breeders are also very active exhibitors. In most cases, when half a dozen big kennels enter a breed they temporarily hurt it, for small owners find that it is hopeless for them to show against such competition and becoming discouraged drop out. This lasts till the big kennel owners either discover that they have themselves killed the goose that was laying their golden egg or else break up their kennels. Then the small men re-enter the fancy only to be forced out in a few years by a new lot of “big ’uns,” and so it goes on in an endless chain. With the Boston Terrier, however, this is all different for, although there are
26
‘aNIM V JO HHAHL
27
>
many big owners, still the “kitchen kennels’ are also benching. The explanation of this is to be found in the youth of the breed and its consequent inability to breed true to type. This has made it impossible for the wealthy fanciers to gobble up all the good breeding stock. The present popularity of the breed seems to foretell that by the time they do breed with accuracy there will be so many good dogs in the country that a man would have to have the wealth of the Indies to even start a Boston “cormer.
The Boston Terrier is without doubt the largest supporter of the bench shows of the country and at nine out of ten of them he is in the very marked majority. If this may be taken as a criterion of popularity, the breed is the rage of the day. There are more people devoted to the breeding and showing of the “American” dog than any cther two breeds put together, with the possible exception of Setters and Pointers, who, while they are largely supported in the western part of the country where game abounds, are not very extensively bred in the East. Asa show dog, however, the Boston is without a peer and never has a breed so largely predominated the entries as at present this is doing.
This being the case it is highly essential that the selection of judges to pass upon the classes filled by this variety be most carefully made. It is a well known fact that there are several breeds that have been killed, as far as show dogs are concerned, by unwise judging lists. It is more than possible that this might happen to the Boston Terrier. What then are necessary quali- fications for a good judge? First, he must be honest and con- scientious. He must have had ample opportunity to study and familiarize himself with the peculiarities of the breed and he should be a gentleman. In the first of these requirements the breed is very well off, for there are many devoted to it who are as honest as the day is long and as conscientious as they are honest. It is to be deeply regretted, however, that there are also many in the Boston Terrier fancy whose ideals are not so high and it is still more to be lamented that these men are often called upon to judge. In the second requirement the Boston Terrier stands way ahead of any other breed in this country, for there are more Boston experts than any other. It is also un- necessary to send abroad for men with a thorough knowledge of the breed. In fact, our imported judges would be utterly at sea if asked to place a hot class of Boston Terriers. That the Bos-
28
ton Terrier is particularly fortunate in having a great number of true gentlemen interested in them all who study an exhibitor’s list will know. All the requirements are so often found com- bined in one man that it is a pity the judges are not more wisely chosen. By the above it is not meant that those who judge to- day are all incompetent, but that there are many who do are not asked to pass on the breed, who would be-an improvement on some of those who are doing this important work.
It is a very hard task for a man actually engaged in breeding and showing dogs of any breed to pass upon them. He may be perfectly honest, but being actively engaged in the fancy he is bound to have many personal feelings that to a greater or less
O’BRIEN’S ROSS.
extent cannot help entering into his decisions. It is hardly fair to expect any human being to pass upon dogs belonging to his own rivals and competitors. He is certain to have friends and foes in the fancy and, while he doubtless often does it uncon- scoiusly, still his personal likes and dislikes will creep into his awards. There are, however, many retired fanciers, who know a Boston from his nose to the end of his short, screw tail, and
29
these might be asked to judge, with advantage to both the dogs and their owners.
The hardest class to judge at any show, and the ones from which the vast bulk of kicking comes, are those where the Bos- ton Terrier competes for bench honors. At a first glance the conditions that exist in these classes seems to be the outcome of the vast popularity of the breed, which always guarantees good large classes. While, of course, this is a factor in the dis- satisfaction that runs riot among Boston Terrier exhibitors, there are other features that should not be overlooked. It is a very regretable, but, nevertheless, true, fact, that the Boston fancy is the most materialistic one in the entire game. Nine out of ten of the. breeders of the “American dog” are in the fancy not for sport, but for the money that there is in it. Of course, there is nothing criminal in being a breeder of dogs for the money that is to be made out of the sport, nor does this stamp a man as dishonest; but it does tend to cause kicking over judges’ deci- sions. This is but natural, for if your dog is thrown down he loses in value, and to those who are continually trying to sell their dogs at as high‘ prices as possible, it is a considerable blow. The Boston Terrier people feel that each peg lower their dog is placed in the prize list is just so much money out of their pockets, and, naturally, they complain.
This very materialistic view of their dogs has other bad effects upon the Boston Terrier fancy and is conducive to many little “tricks” that are certainly, to put it in its mildest form, a little bit off color. There are many in the fancy who would scorn to deal in any but the most upright manner, but there are also many who do not scruple to resort to shady methods to make a sale. As is always the case, the just suffer with the evil, and unless there are some very radical changes the men who are supposed to have the best interests of this most desirable little dog at heart will kill the breed.
The diversity in opinion as to just the correct thing in Boston Terriers is another question that causes considerable complaint. The standard is notorious as not being all that it should, and really the dog as defined in this would not stand the ghost of a chance on the bench, even under those who are continually call- ing out “Stick to the standard.” The youth of the breed is also another element that makes judging difficult, for the whole of the Boston Terrier fancy is in a growing stage and nothing is settled. There are several other features which, in a way, seem
30
to justify the complaints that are daily heard among the breed- ers of this dog, but it seems that there is a great deal of this sort of thing that could very well be gotten along without. The continued squabbling, scrapping, charges and countercharges that are indulged in hurt the dogs far more than the men, and if it continues will seriously and pre-eminently injure the Boston Terrier. As an example: A novice likes the looks of the dog, but on seeing the jealousies and fights that their owners are plunged into, decides that he had better not mix up in the tur- moil. New fanciers must be found to take the place of the old ones that drop out, or the breed will fall off, a condition that does not seem unlikely for the Boston, if we look ahead a few years.
WEINER’S BESSIE.
31
CHAPTER IV.
BREEDING.
The Difficulties of Breeding Typical Dogs—The Keynote of Uniformity—Breeding Hints—The Question of Mating— Valuable Points as to Selection of the Sire—The Im- portance of Pedigree—Care of a Stud Dog—Rational Mating—The Bitch and Her Puppies.
IT IS safe to assume at the very outset that there is no occupation that presents a more interest- ing, complex and, at the same time, uncertain proposition than the breeding of Boston Ter- riers. The old adage, that “like begets like” does not always apply, for, as was intimated in the previous chapter, the results, even when special care is exercised, are liable to be not only
disappointing, but actually ludicrous. This statement is not in-
tended to discourage prospective breeders, for it should be coupled with the assurance that although the results are not always calculated to inspire one with delight, yet the study necessary and the experience gained never fail to prove most interesting; therefore this fact should serve as an incentive and stimulus to those about to enter the field, providing they are guided by the right motive, namely, to breed so as to obtain the very best possible results, not for. themselves, but for the breed.
Many rules and regulations as to breeding have been elabor- ately set forth by numerous writers, and success attends a care- ful following of these in most breeds; but, alas, they do not apply to Boston Terriers. Those of us who have tried the ex- periment can cheerfully testify that the Boston Terrier is a law unto himself and seems adverse to complying with rules and regulations that govern the breeding of dogs in general. Expe- rience alone qualifies a man to advise others, irrespective of the length of time he has been engaged in breeding Boston Terriers, for one often attains a lot of experience in a few years, particu- larly if he has conducted his breeding along liberal and pro- gressive lines. Even the most skilled and careful breeder, how-
32
ever, cannot be perfectly sure of the results of any given mating, no matter how much care he may have given the selection of sire and dam.
The chief end and aim with most breeders of Boston Terriers has been to breed and raise a winner. This is certainly a very commendable ambition, but one very seldom realized in both de- sires, for the temptation to sell a fine pup for a high price before it reaches maturity is very great, and as a rule typical speci- mens pass into other hands before they are a year old. The breeder belonging to what might be termed the old school con-
GOODE’S BUSTER.
tinues to breed along the same old lines, and seems unwilling to adopt any progressive methods, but of late years men with an- other ambition have entered the ranks and are breeding, not alone with the hope of securing a winner, but with the intention of raising typical Boston Terriers of a higher grade and of a more uniform type; these men are seeking enlightenment wher-. ever it is to be found, and heartily welcome any and all sug- gestions along the line of advancement. It is with the hope of aiding these and assisting beginners that a few general prin- ciples regarding the breeding of Boston Terriers are here made.
The subject of mating is an exhaustive one, but there are cer-
33
tain well-defined rules that if faithfully carried out, will redound to the credit of this breed and the honor of the breeder. The prospective sire is first to be considered. Many breeders rush for a champion, regardless of many very important considera- tions, several of which might most certainly prohibit his being selected. Whilst it is true and generally accepted that the sire does impress his personality or individually upon his offspring, it is equally true that his ancestry is of even greater moment, and often is the determining power. The ancestry of the bitch is generally but erroneously considered of but little, if any, im- portance. This is wrong, for, on the contrary, her breeding is of the utmost importance, and good results cannot be expected unless due weight is given this most important factor. Occa- sionally a bitch will seem to throw pups exclusively after the sire, they not possessing any likeness whatever to herself or to her ancestors. Fortunate, indeed, is the breeder who possesses such a jewel, but they are more often heard of than seen. Start, then, with a well-bred bitch, although she herself may not be a typical specimen, and then select as a sire a dog who is strong in points where she is lacking, not only in himself, but in his ancestry, for Boston Terriers are proverbially given to “throwing back” more than any other breed. For example, if you have a bitch that is weak in muzzle, breed her to a sire who is very strong in this respect, but if upon inquiry you find that his strong muzzle was an accident and that his ancesters were very weak in muzzle, look elsewhere, for disappointment will most surely attend. The principle is the same when, regardless of breeding on either side, a bitch is taken to a very small dog with the full expectation that the pups must of necessity prove small. The fallacy of this expectation has been so often exemplified, and at such great cost to many breeders that it need not be further dwelt upon.
Again, a prize dog is used regardless of ancestry on either side, simply because his prestige as a champion will give the pups a higher market value. If we are to be influenced entirely by mercenary motives, we had better at once relinquish the hope of ever being able to improve the breed or of bringing credit to -our kennels. It has been this money-making motive that has been the curse of the breed and it is to be devotedly hoped that no more additions of this stamp of breeders will be made to the ranks of the Boston fancy. You should study carefully the an- cestry of both parents and select the sire best adapted to your
34
needs. Then, although complete success may not always attend, you will have the consolation that you have acted not only ac- cording to your best judgment, but intelligently.
There are three important factors that result in weaklings and small litters: First, the sire and dam may be too closely related, and the deformities incident to inbreeding will appear.
TRIMOUNTAIN KING
Secondly, the sire, if popular, is often abused by overwork, and as a result is not in a fit condition to get good pups. A stud dog should be well nourished, have plenty of outdoor exercise, and should be strictly limited regarding the number of services; in no other way can we reasonably expect healthy and robust off- spring. Too many stud dogs are kept closely confined in a
35
vitiated atmosphere, and are deprived of exercise in the fresh air, which is so essential to maintaining good health. Third, the custom of breeding a bitch twice, with one day intervening. This custom has been handed down from the dark ages, and, strange to relate, is still quite popular. This practice, however, is decidedly wrong. The second mating often wholly or par- tially destroys the benefits accrued from the first. When we realize that the period of gestation at most is only sixty-three days, we certainly must admit that in forty-eight hours, or two days, nature has not been idle if conception has taken place as a result of the first mating. The bitch, if the mating was success- ful, has already enveloped the ovum or ova and has started the development of the future litter. Two days are two sixty-thirds of the entire time required for full development, hence material progress has been made; and yet custom selects this period for another mating. Any one who has knowledge of the anatomy and appreciates the continuity of the uterus in its normal state with the other generative organs cannot fail to agree that a sec- ond service is well calculated to undo all that has been done. In support of this theory a carefully kept record shows that in a given number of bitches mated to a popular stud dog (who has been strictly limited to two bitches a week) there were larger litters end fewer misses when bred once than when mated twice. The percentage in favor of the former is double that of the latter, and from a physiological standpoint it is just exactly what we should expect. Another strong argument for the gen- eral adoption of the rule to mate only once, providing, of course, that the union is in every way complete and satisfactory, is that the stud dog is also greatly benefited, and as a result will most certainly sire much stronger and healthier pups.
Many are the traditions handed down, from no one knows where, regarding the best time during the season to breed a bitch. Claims are made that the sex of the pups can be regu- lated by choosing the proper time, and in consequence often too long a time will be allowed to lapse, and as a result the breeder imbued with this fallacy will find that he must wait another five months. Nature is a very 1eliable guide, and as a general rule the bitch will be in full season between the eleventh to the four- teenth days after showing the first signs of heat and then is the time to mate with rightful expectations of good results.
The theory entertained by many for a long time was to the effect that the bitch determined the number of pups, whilst the
36
dog regulated the sex; but, unfortunately, experienced has not yet justified this belief, and careful breeders are even now seek- ing authentic information on this important subject.
It is a very excellent plan, when feasible, not to breed a Bos- ton Terrier bitch at her first season unless she should be ex- ceptionally well developed. Small ones generally have more or less trouble in giving birth to their pups; therefore in selecting brood bitches it is much safer to purchase those weighing not less than fifteen pounds. Breeders argue that they will breed to
HOLLANDER’S PETER.
a very small dog if their bitch is under weight, but, as we have seen, unless he comes from small stock this precaution is of no avail and the bitch is lost. Pages could be written on the proper care of a bitch about to whelp, and even then the subject would not be fully covered, so that in this short treatise only a very few important details can be dwelt upon. In the first place, plenty of exercise must be given whilst in whelp, and it is a good custom to give a small amount of raw meat every other
37
day during the last two weeks. When in whelp they crave all kinds of carnivorous food, and it is to gratify them that it should be given, and also with the hope that by satisfying this craving to a certain extent that they will not find it absolutely necessary to devour their pups. One week before due she should have her bed arranged, for it is very common for them to whelp several days ahead of time. It matters not whether she has a very little broken straw, excelsior or an old piece of carpet in the bottom of her box, for when she has finished whelping it must be cleaned out, and then a permanent covering can be substituted, according to the preference of the breeder. It is best to select a roomy box and tack around the three sides a strip of wood about one inch deep and about two inches from the flooring— the object is to prevent the bitch lying close to the sides of the box. If properly adjusted, there will always be a space just large enough to permit a pup to crawl through in the event of his getting behind her. This little expedient has prevented many pups from being crushed or smothered by the bitch lying on them. ‘The box should be placed in a reasonably warm place and where the bitch can be free from interference. If the pro- cess of labor goes on satisfactorily, do not disturb her, but keep her under careful supervision. If, on the other hand, after sev- eral hours of pain nothing is accomplished, prepare at once to aid her by securing the services of a competent “vet.,” if you yourself are not able to render prompt and intelligent assistance. Many fine Boston Terrier bitches have been lost through delay, and valuable litters of pups are often destroyed. If, on the other hand, one pup is taken from them before their strength is de- pleted, they will often be able to have the rest of the litter with- out further aid. The period of whelping greatly varies with bitches, and it is very important to be assured that each pup soon after being born is able to secure nourishment, otherwise he should have one of the teats placed in his mouth and held there until able to work for himself. Bitches will seldom take any nourishment until all is over, then plenty of warm milk or soup seems very grateful. It is well when the bitch is undershot or tired to cut with a pair of scissors the naval cord, leaving about three inches attached to the pups’ abdomen. This opera- tion must not be done too soon after birth for the cord contains blood vessels and if these are not allowed to dry up the baby will bieed to death. Bitches generally eat the afterbirths when al- lowed to do so; but to my mind it is just as well to limit the
38
supply, providing it is a fairly large litter, by burning most of them.
After the lapse of twenty-four hours the bitch can be fed with strong soup and well-soaked stale bread; meat in small quantity can be gradually given. If the litter is large or the milk supply seems inadequate, oatmeal and milk should be freely given. On the second day the bitch should be taken out for a short time, but not kept long from her pups, lest they be- come chilled. If the pups are quiet and nurse well, it is a very
CH. ROXIE.
good indication that matters are progressing nicely, but if they are continually crying it is an evidence that they are either cold or hungry. In the former case more heat must be supplied, and in the latter the milk supply must be increased. When possible, it is an excellent idea to have two bitches due to whelp within a day or so of each other; in such an event, if the service of a foster mother, even temporzrily, should be indicated, you have one atshand. Some bitches have plenty of milk the first twenty- four hours, whilst with others the full supply is very slow in coming. The former condition is more apt to exist when the bitch has gone her full time, and the latter when somewhat previous. —
39
About the ninth or tenth day the pups will begin to oper their eyes, and much trouble is obviated if they are kept in a place guarded from the rays of the sun, so that they may become gradually accustomed to the light. Some breeders declare that if their pups live to be three days old they never have further trouble, but it is the experience of all others that the pups will require careful watching; that does not mean handling, for there is nothing so injurious as lifting them up for inspection and for the admiration of one’s friends. Leave them severely alone until they are able to trot around and thus exhibit themselves.
When the pups are three to four weeks old the process of weaning is in order. Sometimes one or more of the pups at this age will show symptoms of being infested with worms; if so, it is advisable to take active measures towards their relief prior to weaning by the administration of a vermifuge. Even at this young age it is surprising to see the masses of worms that are thrown out. Ordinarily it is best to wait until the pups are six or seven weeks old before employing these measures, but if symptoms appear no time should be lost. I prefer the capsules rather than the liquid vermifuge, for in the former instance the actual dose is known, whilst in the latter, despite the utmost care, part of it is lost during its administration.
When you begin to wean your pups, do so by giving them scalded milk with one-third water. Generally it is sufficient to push the pup’s nose into the pan of warm milk, for he then licks his chops and soon realizes where and how to obtain more. This is particularly true if the mother has been kept away from them for several hours. One such meal should be given once a day for three days, then twice or three times, and by that time the milk supply of the mother wil gradually begin to diminish, and she will remain away of her own accord, so that the pups will have to rely entirely on artificial nourishment. Four times a day is often enough to feed them. After a week their diet can be changed to shredded wheat and stale bread, soaked first in milk and finally in soup. There are several forms of puppy. food on the market, and when properly soaked and prepared ac- cording to directions make a very handy method of furnishing nourishment. It goes without fear of contradiction that when you begin to wean the pups your experience is under full head- way. Much will now depend upon the care and judgment you exercise, and should failure be your lot, I can only urge the good old precept, “Try, try again.”’
40
CHAPTER V.
EDUCATING A BOSTON TERRIER.
The Characteristics of Boston Terriers—Their Intelligence— A Practical Demonstration—Housebreaking—Teaching Them to Be Watchful—Discipline—Some of the Special Advantages of the Breed.
THE SPECIAL .characteristics of the Boston Terrier may be summed up by stating that for a loving, faithful and all-round companion he cannot be excelled. He is a small, short- haired dog, of a decidedly sporty appearance, intelligent to a very marked degree, kind and affectionate, yet fully capable, should occasion require, of taking not only very good caré of
himself, but also of his master or mistress.
Some years ago the idea was credited among misguided and misinformed persons that the Boston Terrier, although he was a handsome and an expensive dog, could not be taught like other dogs. In other words, that he was naturally stupid, and could only look pretty when on dress parade. At first the author did not give the matter any special consideration, for he did not own one, but within a year he saw a pup a little over six months old, and the degree of intelligence that was manifested in his beautiful eyes prompted him to purchase the little fellow and deciding to test the matter as to his ability of absorbing knowl- edge. He was a son of Ch. Monte, ex Murphy’s Lottie. He was named Muggy Dee, and at once introduced into the home, breaking him to the house, which, as is usual with this breed, was very easily accomplished, for they are naturally cleanly in their inclinations. By easy stages he was taught various tricks and accomplishments, and it was amazing the facility with which he became proficient. Before he was nine months old he could perform some of the most difficult feats, and was always ready and anxious to display his knowledge. This experience certainly of itself refutes the calumny placed upon the breed by those either ignorant of the possibilities or too indifferent to test the matter.
41
Since then the author has owned several hundred Boston Terriers, and must honestly confess that collectively they have proved the most intelligent, observing and discriminating of all breeds he has ever been interested in. They seem to possess remarkable reasoning powers, and use them on every possible occasion. In order to develop these attributes their education must begin when they are young, and they should be so placed that without any special effort their senses are unconsciously de- veloped. Hence it is well never to attempt to raise pups in large kennels, for the reason that their life there would of necessity be the same from day to day, and the opportunity of brain de- velopment would be materially restricted. A far better plan is to find a small family, who for a consideration, will take them to board, and who will permit them ample opportunity of exer- cising around the house and playing with the children.
In this way they develop mentally and physically. Pups un- der such conditions virtually grow in grace, and when six or eight months old are housebroken, affectionate and in full pos- session of their mental faculties, ready to be further educated in the higher branches of canine learning, and shortly are fitted to take their rightful position as an important member of the fam- ily in one of the homes of the “Four Hundred.”
When a purchaser seeks a dog probably the first query will be, “Is he housebroken?” Generally the reply is, “Perfectly.” Now, this may be correct so far as the experience of his pre- vious owner is concerned, but it is not the proper reply to give unless we know positively that the prospective owner thoroughly appreciates the correct handling and care necessary when intro- ducing a dog into a new home. It is, therefore, much better to modify the reply and to give explicit directions, which, if carried out, will often save much trouble and annoyance for both parties. Let us suppose, as an example, that you have just purchased a pup five or six months old, and that he has no special recom- mendations as to cleanliness. You naturally desire, as quickly as posible, to break him to the house. The directions given below will apply to a greater or less degree to every breed of dog you may take into your home. It will depend upon his pre- vious habits as to how long you will be obliged to exercise a strict supervision. )
In the first place he should have had a good run before being brought into the house, where of necessity everything will prove strange and will tend to make him more or less nervous. The
42
strangeness of a new home, new people, etc., will often make an old and ordinarily well-trained dog forget himself, so the rule holds good in all cases. After fondling and petting him to a limited extent take him into a corner of the room previously prepared with a rug or pillow, and tie him up with a fairly short leash or chain. Remain with him for some time until he has tired of gazing around and has of his own accord lain down, ap- parently to sleep. If, when you leave him, he should cry, or even be inclined to be noisy, appear suddenly and reprove him by speaking quickly and sternly, telling him to lie down or keep
DRUID VIXEN.
quiet. He wili quickly obey, for the same words have been frequently used in his early training. In about two or three , hours you should ask him, “Do you want to go out?” and when at the length of his chain he has manifested his willingness, take him on the chain to the door leading to the yard, and, if in- closed, let him loose to remain out as long as may be necessary. When you take him in he can be allowed to follow you through the house without a chain, and for a gradually extended time be kept free to frolic about. He should be taught that his corner belongs to him, and that when you say, “Go to your corner,” he
43
> must obey. Prompt obedience should be demanded on all occa- sions and if this rule is enforced much care and trouble will be avoided.
The housebreaking of a dog will be greatly facilitated and simplified if one, and only one, member of the family assumes the whole charge of the dog, and when that person is not present the dog should be tied in his corner. This methodical care should be persevered in for several days, and the result will never fail to prove perfectly satisfactory.
Remember one thing, namely, always let your dog out the FIRST thing in the morning and the VERY LAST thing at night. Have his chain quite short at night, and he will be much less likely to offend. Once he learns the way out and the habits required of him he will very quickly adapt himself to them, and should he then offend in the house in any way it will be due either to his not being well or to negligence on the part of the one having him in charge. Regular exercise and opportunity to relieve himself will prevent a repetition. If caught in the act he should be punished not with a strap or a cuff, but se- verely scolded. Bear in mind that a Boston Terrier is a very affectionate animal, and hence exceedingly sensitive. Speak quickly, looking very stern, straight in his eyes, and he will feel it most keenly; strike him and you will either cow him or he will, if old enough, resent it by becoming surly. It is seldom necessary to administer other than a rebuke in order to convince him that he has offended and displeased you, and he will show his sorrow most decidedly. Having convinced him of his wrong- doing, send him to his corner and make him remain there in disgrace for a short time; then call him to you, and, after again expressing your surprise, but more mildly, gradually make up to him, and you will be greatly pleased at his attempts to regain his former position in your affection. After he has been a member of your household for a couple of weeks he will of his own accord make known his desire to go out, should occasion require oftener than is his usual custom, by going to the door and by otherwise making the fact known. Whenever he does so do not fail to respond, and thus not only enable him to re- lieve himself, but to assure him that you approve of his actions.
Make a companion of your dog, study his peculiarities of temperament the same as you would a child you were about to instruct; talk “dog talk” to him and he will all the more quickly learn what you mean. For the information of novices I would
44
OAKMOUNT BUD.
45
state that “dog talk” resembles very closely the same vocabulary you would employ when speaking to a babe in the arms, coupled with endearing terms, and with a rising inflection of the voice, the combination forming a language of its own, peculiarly adapted and very intelligent to the canine race.
If for any reason you think your dog has offended in any place or places in the house it will be well to place a little to- bacco or pepper at these spots, and you can be assured that he will avoid them in the future.
To sum up the requirements of housebreaking and tabulate them in rule form:
First—Let your dog have one master or mistress who will keep the dog under supervision during a reasonable period of probation. ;
. Second—Fasten him up when it is not convenient to watch him.
Third—Always take him out immediately upon letting him loose, leading him through the house the first few days.
Fourth—Let him out at regular intervals during the day, and always the first thing in the morning and as late as possible at night.
Fifth—Tie him up at night with a short chain or leash.
Sixth—If you would have your dog cleanly in his habits love him. Treat him with due consideration, and do not expect or try to exact impossibilities.
When we consider what grand watchdogs Boston Terriers are when properly handled, it is more than surprising that they are not kept in every house where valuables are at hand and where the lives of the occupants are often at the mercy of midnight prowlers. When we desire a dog to be watchful it does not necessarily imply that he is to be savage and tear strangers promiscuously to pieces, but that he should simply be on the alert when we are sleeping the sleep of the just. Here is where the discrimination and discernment of this breed is clearly exem- plified, for when properly trained your dog will not arouse the whole household should, perchance, a member of your family re- main out rather late at his club, for the dog will recognize him: even though the step be a little off at times, and will simply welcome by quiet manifestations the pilgrim’s safe return. If you leave your dog loose at night he will show his breeding and good sense, and working on the principle that “the best is none too good,” will select a soft pillow on the sofa, coiling himself up
46
and thus invite Morpheus to reign supreme. On the contrary, if you will fasten him by a fairly short leash in the hall at the head of the stairs, obliging him to sleep on an old piece of carpet, he will quickly consider himself on duty, and will promptly notify you of any unusual or strange sounds that may emanate from below. This post of vantage fairly controls the advance of any burglar, for a small dog’s bark or baby’s cry is most dreaded by Bill Syke’s fraternity, and they will quickly seek another house. This is also the proper place for the dog when the family is down in the dining-room at dinner, and if the doors of the rooms are left open you need have no fear of second-story artists.
‘LORD DERBY.
{t is natural for Boston Terriers to be watchful if given half a chance, consequently you must not overfeed your dog, for we well know that a glutton sleeps soundly. If you wish him to prove a faithful and thoroughly reliable guardian give him a hearty meal for breakfast and only a tidbit for supper. In other words he should indulge his sleeping ability at odd times during the day, so that at night, with an empty stomach, his brain will be clear and his senses acute.
The best way to quickly develop these watching propensities is to test them from time to time. Begin the very first night by providing an entertainment for him, and never fail to respond by appearing in the hall should he bark as if he had reason to do
47
so. One plan is to have a string run from the bedroom down through one of the openings of the banisters and attached to the other end a piece of wood, which should be concealed in a closet or behind a door. When all have retired and stillness reigns supreme give the cord a few pulls, just enough to make a slight noise in the hall below. If your dog jumps up and barks, go out and let him loose, and he will run down stairs to the seat of the disturbance. Go down with him, encouraging him and showing him that he is doing right by saying, “Go for him, find ‘him, boy,” etc. After a few minutes you can both re- turn; reward him with praise and petting, and then, after fasten- ing him up, retire to your room. This can be repeated very late the same night, should you chance to wake up, and the pro- gramme continued each night for a week, various changes being made from time to time.
If you will promptly jump out of bed when he sounds an alarm and listen with him for a few minutes he will quickly catch on to the idea that if he wants you he has simply to bark. There is a marked distinction between a bark and a whine, and . while the former demands an immediate response the latter should be as quickly suppressed by a good scolding and by calling out, “Lie down,” or-“Be quiet, sir.”
We will now suppose that you have tested your dog quite thoroughly with the cord end wood, and that he is quick to respond. If you desire to continue this method vary it by having the cord on the outside of the house so that the wood will serve as a “tick tack”? on one of the windows of the lower floor, and when this method has been exhausted ask the night watchman once or twice a week to shake the front or back door just to make sure that you dog is wide awake to his responsi- bilities. A good watch dog is of much more practical value than any burglar alarm that was ever invented, but as has been stated before, in order that he shall prove thoroughly reliable you must be ready and willing to at all times get out of your warm bed in response to his summons. If, however, you will not do your share he will tire of doing his duty and in the time of real danger will be as useless as a wooden idol. Many instances might be cited where houses marked for looting have been thus successfully protected, and the neighbors have paid the penalty for ~ not also possessing so reliable a burglar alarm.
Now, remember that you are not to get up to interview a housebreaker, for none will be there, but solely to encourage
48
your dog and to assure him that he has done his duty splendidly. The burglars will make tracks just as soon as they hear your dog, and will give your house a wide berth in the future. Let the dog loose and urge him to bark and go down with him to the place from whence the noise came. He will lead the way, and, realizing that you are interested, will manifest extra vigilance in the future. Thus you will be able to keep away unpleasant, nocturnal visitors without the necessity of ever receiving them.
Study the temperament of your dog just the same as if you were about to impart valuable information to a child, and apply
REMLIK BONNIE
much the same tactics to enforce attention and strict obedience as you would with a baby. It is well to have a distinguishing whistle when you call him, always using the same notes, for then he will not be inclined to start for any one using another call. Exercise him regularly and consistently, and avoid over- feeding. A house dog should never have all he can eat at any one meal, for his digestion would very soon be seriously im- paired. Avoid sweets of every kind, for there is'nothing you can give him that will tend more quickly to cause acute gastritis, foul breath and decayed teeth.
In purchasing a dog buy from a reliable party, and be sure
49
that your dog comes from a healthy atmosphere. Remember that you cannot find absolute perfection in the points of any dog, particularly in Boston Terriers; therefore, be prepared to sacrifice some show excellencies for true merit, unless you are prepared to pay a very high price. A good specimen always commands a fair value, for the demand far exceeds the supply, so you must be prepared to pay something for your pet. Always buy a good one, rather than to purchase a dog of doubtful breeding, whose chief recommendation is his low price. In the former instance you will have a dog that from the beginning will prove a handsome, valuable and sporty acquisition to your household, while in the latter case you are bound to daily be- come more and more dissatisfied with him, and, acting upon the advice of your friends, will eventually either relegate him to the stable or dispose of him at a loss.
Purchase one from nine to eighteen months old, and one that has had the distemper. He is then old enough: to at once become a true companion, and the lability of serious illness would be reduced to a minimum. A finely bred Boston Terrier, with proper care, should live to the age of ten or twelve years. Some live much longer without becoming infirm, but the above statement as to their longevity is a fair average. Through care- lessness or indifferent training many are killed by accident. This factor should always be borne in mind when ‘exercising your dog in the city streets, and he should have special training if you live in a large town.
Boston Terriers are not aggressive to other dogs, hence the injuries sustained as a result of fighting are very few and far between. As a companion for ladies they are peculiarly adapted, being very easy to get under perfect control, able to enjoy no end of petting, and are always ready, should the occasion require, to prove their true allegiance to their mistress.
Space will not admit of further discussion as to the merits of Boston Terriers, and as the best teacher is experience you had best get a good specimen of the breed and learn for yourself their many good qualities. When you desire a sporty canine companion of unusual intelligence, devotion and reliability do not fail to purchase the very best Boston Terrier you can afford, providing you are attracted by him and he in turn shows an affnity for you, and if, at the end of a month, you are not willing to confess him the best dog you ever owned you will be an exception to the rule.
50
CHAPTER VI.
BUYING A DOG.
How to Select a Dog—Remarkable Intelligence of the Boston Terrier—Each Dog’s Peculiarities and Characteristics— The Best Way to Buy—Reputable Dealers—“Over Dis- temper”—Some Advice on Veterinarians—The Dog. vs. the Bitch as a Companion.
] THE QUERY is often heard, “Why are Boston Terriers so sought after as household pets, and why are they so expemsive?” In the first place, as stated in the previous pages, being a very handsome and sporty looking short-haired dog, they are peculiarly adapted for our homes. Coupled with this, they are of a very affectionate disposition and possess an even tempera- ment. As an all-round companion they appeal most forcibly to all lovers of dogs, for whilst they are not aggressive, still should circumstances so require they are fully capable and willing to take care of themselves or their masters.
As to the second query, it is readily answered by stating that the demand for well-bred and house-broken Boston Terriers far exceeds the supply. The reason for this is not only be- cause they are so highly appreciated, but because they are very difficult to raise. It may seem a strange statement to make, but it is none the less true, that about 65 per cent. die at birth or prior to reaching maturity, and generally the best in a litter are the ones that are lost. This, however, is not an exclusive pecu- liarity of the breed for all deg fanciers know that “the good die young” and it is always the best of the lot that passes away. Hence their very scarcity keeps up the prices. It is true that poor specimens are often sold for the proverbial “song,” but the writer is dealing in this little volume with only the correct type of pedigreed stock, and has no use for “Yah Hoo’s” and “Muts.” .The question is also asked, “Are. they intelligent?” The reply is that under careful instruction they can be taught any known trick quite as readily as any other breed; they possess peculiar reasoning power, and whilst they not only be-
51
come devotedly attached to their owner and members of the household, still also prove faithful and intelligent guardians. Experience justifies the writer in stating that for a house pet and boon companion, in doors and out, the Boston Terrier can- not be excelled. Is it then a wonder that they are the most pop- ular dog in the country, for human experience is apt to be very similar and there are hundreds who would say the same.
Now, if you are of the same mind or open to conviction follow these directions and you will avoid imyosition and will secure a good specimen of this breed.
It has already been stated that this breed is not readily raised, particularly when the attempt is made to rear puppies in a kennel, so it may truthfully be stated that the Boston Ter- rier is in no sense a kennel dog, hence only small kennels are needed; for until a pup is twelve months old he must be boarded with a family who is paid to raise him. This information may be used when buying by remembering that the best dispositioned dogs are in the smaller places.
As a general rule purchasers are advised not to buy other than full grown dogs, for the reason that, despite the best care, so many pups die before they are one year old. Whilst it is true that all dogs do not have to go through distemper in one of its many forms, it is equally certain that Boston Terriers are peculiarly liable to contract it in its most fatal phase and quickly succumb to its ravages. Although a grown dog natur- ally costs more money, you will be amply repaid for the outlay if you know that it has had the distemper, is thoroughly house- broken, under good command and ready to prove a boon com- panion. Only those who have been through a seige of dis- temper can know what it means, and if buyers realized this they would not get a dog who has not had the disease.
Each dog has his special characteristics and individuality; so when about to make a selection, always choose the dog that appeals to your eye and seems responsive to your advances, for he will give you the best satisfaction, all other details, such as price, age, etc., being equal. Reference is not being made to show dogs, but to highly bred dogs suitable for household pets. Naturally, the breeding of the dog should be considered, for “like begets like,’ and as intelligence is a most important factor we can only be certain to obtain it when the record of the ancestors justifies the expectation.
52
A perusal of the foregoing leads us very naturally to realize the importance of dealing with only the most reliable parties, who have dogs to sell, otherwise no dependence can be placed upon the pedigree, personal history or habits of the dog. Again, it is very essential, if you desire to avoid unpleasant conse- quences, to secure a dog that has been brought up under good sanitary conditions, and not one that has been neglected and only “conditioned” to sell at a bench show. As to the best markings, that is simply a matter of preference; the same will refer to the kind of tail; these two features often govern or regu- late the price, and if you want a dog with perfectly even mark- ings and just the correct kind of screw tail you must be
DAZZLER.
prepared to pay a good round price. These two are very hard points to get in perfection and consequently dogs possessing them command good prices. Remember this one essential fact in selecting a dog, namely, that it is almost an utter impossibility for a man to find a dog as near perfect as any of the great cracks; but should you do so he will command almost any price. Therefore, seck not perfection, for one is almost unattainable, for when you examine a number of dogs you will discover that some are strong in the head, others nice in the tail; some a a good deal off in markings, others decidedly bully in shoulders, etc., etc. Your search should result finally in acting upon the advice already given, namely, to take the dog that attracts you,
53
and nine times out of ten you will have made no mistake, for very quickly the affinity that led you to making the choice will have developed and both dog and owner will be more than sat- isfied. If you are looking for a bench specimen it will be wiser to take a good judge, whom you trust, and let him pick for you, for no book can teach the fine points of a breed. Would- be puchasers, owing to living in a distant city, cannot always exercise this choice, and must depend upon this duty being performed by a friend or rely entirely on the honesty and judgment of the parties who offer the dog for sale. Here again rises the importance of dealing with a reputable kennel, one whose prestige, already secured through honest and reliable methods, would prove a certain guarantee of satisfactory treatment.
It is a safe statement to make that a Boston Terrier who has had distemper is worth double at eight months old what one is who has the disease in anticipation. Like scarlet fever among children, distemper is very liable to prove disastrous to the dog, even though it is not actually fatal. Deafness is one of the sequels to be dreaded; chorea, similar in its manifestations to St. Vitus dance; partial or total blindness, various skin diseases and other after effects, any of which might very properly prompt you to put the dog out of his misery often follow this dreaded illness. When selecting a dog, unles you have perfect confidence in the seller, try and verify his statement if he states that the dog really has had this disease. Unfortunately, how- ever, distemper will sometimes afflict the dog twice, and although the second attack is not generally as severe, still in ex- ceptional cases it is very acute and more likely to become asso- ciated with pneumonia, with which complication it is generally fatal. These second attacks naturally tend to discredit the statement of the seller, therefore it is best, when possible, to have his claim investigated and confirmed. The seller labors under another disadvantage, for if the dog is taken sick a month or so after being sold, and a veterinary, well-posted on horses and cattle, but never having had any experience with Boston Terriers, is called in, at once proceeds on general principles to proclaim the dreaded fact that the dog has distemper, when in reality he has only a slight cold or his digestion is for the time being somewhat impaired. You will need not only the best “vet.” you can obtain, but one who is thoroughly honest and above the contemptible practices of some who adorn (?) that
54
profession. It has been the custom of some of these latter to share or limit their responsibility by stating emphatically that the dog was undoubtedly a sick dog when purchased, although several weeks or even months have elapsed since the animal changed hands. Some will go further, by declaring that the dog had always been an invalid, thus discrediting the seller re- gardless of his reputation for honest dealing. Possibly they think that such an occult demonstration will add to their im- portance, when, as a matter of fact, an intelligent person will
DRUID MERK.
quickly realize that it is a subterfuge pure and simple, and al- though prompted by profound ignorance is none the less dis- quieting to the purchaser and unjust to the seller. Men of this stamp have done much harm to reputable kennels and have spread abroad the idea that all dog men are robbers.
It would be a boon to all parties concerned if the custom to have every dog regularly examined and certified to by a com- petent “vet.” prior to a sale being consummated, the would-be purchaser to select the veterinary, were in vogue.
55
Fortunately, however, there are in most of our large cities a number of very competent and honest veterinaries, who have made a special study of the dog and are fully capable to render prompt and efficient aid in time of need. Should your dog be ill and really need the services of a “vet.” try and secure one of these, so that the proper diagnosis can be made. The treatment in most cases is so simple that it is a secondary consideration. First and foremost you want to know what the trouble is, and nursing, proper nourishment, with a modicum of drugs, will do the rest.
Now, to sum up, purchase as good a Boston Terrier as you can possibly afford; use good judgment in selecting him; buy only from a responsible party, and once obtaining the dog take good care of him by exercising common sense in regulating his eating and habits.
Persons often write to know ete much cheaper a bitch is than a male dog. The reply is that if they possess the same degree of excellence, as to show points there is practically no difference in the market value as applied to the Boston Terrier, but when they are champions, naturally the dog is of greater value. Again, we are asked which sex is best for a house pet. This is a very hard question to answer when the query is made about Boston Terriers, for they cannot help being of a most affectionate disposition, but there is no denying the fact that - the females are the most trusting and clinging, possibly not so pronounced in their enthusiasm or open in their manifestations of affection, but have a way all their own of showing their deep love for their owner. It is true that when kept simply as pets they must be cared for twice a year. This is the only objection that can be urged against them, and that is readily provided for by sending them to pass those weeks at some well-appointed kennel, where they will not only receive the best of care, but be absolutely safe. We all know that a dog will often wander beyond certain prescribed limits in the company of other dogs, whilst his sister could not be coaxed out of the yard. Accord- ingly there is less likelihood of your losing a bitch. If you desire to breed, always select a bitch that is rather long in the body, whose breeding is of the best, and mate her along sensible lines, which are fully brought out in the chapter on breeding. It matters not which sex you select for house pets providing you love them, for with Boston Terriers love is very contagious.
56
“ALNOW NIVLIdVO
57
CHAPTER VII.
THE CARE OF A DOG.
The Foundation of Health—Feeding—The Happy Medium— What and When to Feed—The Candy Curse—The Play- thing—The Importance of Exercise—The Airing—The Walk—Street Breaking a Dog—Following a Trap.
AS IT has been our aim and purpose to make this little book practical and useful to all classes of Boston Terrier owners, we will give briefly a few directions, for the benefit of the novice, as to the care of a house dog.
a The foundation of health, in dogs, as well
as humans, is the stomach, and we will therefore first con-
sider the cardinal principles of feeding. It is safe to say that a vast majority of dogs kept as household pets are overfed, and as a natural result they take on a superabundance of flesh and become lazy and indolent. In order that the dog should always be “up and coming” he should be fed lightly. In other words, he should be kept in a condition to relish any- thing that is put before him. Dogs are proverbially like children in that they will eat until they absolutely cannot take in another mouthful, then lie down and in the blissful ignorance of sleep patiently awaiting the pain of colic and its attendant sorrows, which, however, do not deter them from repeating the same folly the very next time that opportunity affords. They lack discretion and method and you must therefore use discretion for them, acting much as you would if trying to raise a child.
Regulate carefully the amount of food given by the amount of
exercise that the dog has taken, varying each day to fit the
needs of the moment.
It is a gocd idea to weigh your dog from time to time, and having ascertained what his weight ought to be to increase or decrease the quantity of fcod given, so as to keep him in the best posible condition. In hot weather, or after a day when rain and storm has forced him to loll around the house, do not feed him as much as you would under other circumstances. If, on the other hand, it is the dead of a cold winter, or-you have
58
had the dog cut for a long walk and he has other hard work or exercise, increase his portion slightly. Many people expect their dog to run for miles after their trap and still provide him with no extra food. The result is that the dog is in a continually half-starved state, bolts his food, and in his weakened condition ruins his digestion. It might be well to say here that it is possible to go to either extreme and one is as bad as the other. Neither the dog that is so fat that he can hardly waddle or the dog that is famished is in true health. His ribs are a very good indication of the condition that he is in and they should be just
OPAL.
visible, not noticeable. In order to secure this condition, or even good health, your dog’s stomach must be in perfect order and the best way to keep his stomach in order is to watch care- fully what goes into it.
Table scraps, while they are not the best food in the world, - still they will keep a dog in good health if they are carefully at- tended to. Nine out of ten of the dogs that are kept in the city are used as a sort of vulture to clean up what is left on the plates after each meal, a system that is convenient if not productive to the best health of the dog. In all the big kennels of the
59
country the dogs receive but one meal a day and if that 4s enough to keep these dogs, who get a great deal of systematic exercise, in the pink of condition it is certainly sufficient to keep a house pet in the same state. With some owners it is the custom to feed a big meal at night, while others do this in the morning, which seems to be the better time. The morning meal may consist of scraps, cut up fine and well mixed. This should be done for a double purpose of preventing bolting and affording a chance to have the food when it reaches the stomach of being already mixed. It will also be found a good cure for those dogs who are in the habit of picking and choosing their food. This is generally the result of bad bringing up, though too often overfeeding and consequent lack of appetite is also liable to make a dog fastidious. Meat, fish (carefully boned), cereals, vegetables (except potatoes), and bread all make good things to feed.
Soups and gruels alternated with dog biscuits should make up the evening meal or lunch. There are half a dozen different kinds of dog crackers on the market and any of the reliable brands are good. The makers of these foods are loud in their praise and extravagant in their claims for them, but long prac- tice has found that they are not a good thing to give a dog as a steady diet. There is a great temptation to do this, especially if one is not keeping house for they are cheap and handy, but the practice is not to be encouraged. ;
The one thing that above all others causes sorrows, sickness and pain to city dogs is the feeding of sweets. I wish that the publishers of this book would allow to have printed in bold type the warning, “Don’t feed candy,” but this they will not permit, so I will have to be content with making that warning as strong as I can in one short paragraph. There are more dogs that die and suffer from candy eating, I am speaking now of pet dogs only, than from any other half a dozen causes. Candy destroys the desire for real, good, nourishing food, it ruins the stomach and digestion, and it rots the teeth, and yet hundreds of well- meaning, kind-hearted perscns who would not willingly cause a dog so much as a fear make them suffer untold agonies, just because they have not strength of mind enough to see a dog beg for what is as bad for them as poison. Here again a dog’s sim- ilarity to.a child may be seen, for they all dearly love candy, and once given a taste of it will never cease to beg for it. Of course, it is hard to refuse them, but is it not better to do so than to
60
have the dog’s health and comfort destroyed for life? Oh! if they only knew what discomfort, what pain, candy causes there is not a dog lover in the United States that would ever give a dog a taste of sweets.
I would not for a moment have my readers think, as they may after reading the foregoing pages, that the Boston Terrier is a difficult dog to feed properly, and they are not, for what has been advanced will apply equally well to any breed of dogs.
[<omeeee eee ans ecceusactamenn
SWELL.
All that it has been my intention to do is to make a plea that the dogs be fed along common sense lines. You surely ought to be wiling to exercise due care and take a little trouble for your dog, not alone because of his intrinsic value, but also for his own sake.
Another thing that should be brought up while we are on the subject of feeding is that of giving a bone to the dog. Nearly every author who has dipped his pen in ink to write on doggy
61
matters has advised that a bone be given to the dogs to play with and gnaw on, but many of them have failed to warn that not all kinds of bones are good for this purpose. Chicken bones should never be given to a dog, for they are easily cracked with the teeth and a splinter swallowed may do a world of harm. A bone splinter in the stomach or the intestines has often caused a good dog’s death and the chances of such an accident are too great to make it advisable to give chicken bones. A big shin bone, with the joint attached to it makes a very good thing to give a dog to chew on and play with. There is absolutely no virtue in an cld soup bone that has all the good boiled out of it, besides these are soft and can be broken by a strong dog.
By nature the Boston Terrier is a playful dog, if he were not he would not enjoy that popularity that is his, and it is well that he be given something to play with while in the house. For this purpose there is nothing in the world so good as an old shoe. Let him have this and see that it is always kept in a certain place and you will have little difficulty:in training him to use that and that alone for his frolics. If he*should happen to take a fancy to a rug or some cther article around the house, take him away from it and give him the shoe. A few repetitions of this will teach him the purpose of his plaything and generally you will have no further trouble with him. If, however, he persists in his wrong-doing, tie him up on a short chain when he is caught in mischief and it will not take him many weeks to come to associate the confinement with the destructiveness. In extreme cases a little tobacco or tobasco sauce placed on the articles he plays with will prove an effective cure. Do not place too much of the punishment on the things for you do not want to make him sick, only to afford a surprise that will prove lasting.
Next to food the most important thing in the well keeping of a dog is exercise. Although this subject has been touched upon in previous pages, still it will bear repetition and amplifica- tion. We all know that if we are to keep ourselves in good health we must indulge in at least a certain amount of exercise, and this same rule holds: equally good with the lower members of the animal kingdom.
A dog’s exercise may be divided into two classes, the first a simple airing to give a chance for the animal to relieve him- self. For this purpose a closed in yard is all that is needed. It is not sufficient, however, to let your dog out in the yard to
62
play all by himself, for as soon as the necessities of nature have been complied with, he will come to the door and crouch- ing down wait to be admitted. In the warm months this may cause no harm, but in winter, with ice, rain and snow, the climatic conditions, he quickly becomes chilled, catches a cold and becomes a fit subject for pneumonia or other ills. Another reason why the owner should watch the dog while he is out in the yard is that by observing his passages a very good idea of his condition may be formed. In no other way can you so quickly detect that something is not quite right than by this
SIRDAR.
observation. Should he be constipated or unduly relaxed, a slight change in diet may remedy the trouble and avert a serious illness.
In addition to his airing your dog should have at least an hour’s walk in the open each day. This is an important part of his life, not only as an aid to digestion and exercise, but also as a pleasure to you, for you will come to enjoy the walks with your canine friend and the benefit that it will do your health will also be considerable. If you are to enjoy to the fullest extent this feature of your dog you should get a dog weighing
63
somewhere between fifteen and twenty-two pounds. If» you get a dog that is smaller than that you will naturally have to lift him in and out of cars and carriages and, unless you want to risk the chance of having him maimed or killed, you will have to keep him on a lead. If, on the other hand, he is a big dog he will be too large to go on the cars or in your brougham, and on many other occasions you will find that he takes up too much room. Therefore, so as not to have him burdensome, select a medium sized specimen, a good all-round dog, capable of taking care of himself in any company or under any conditions. By this advice I do not mean in any way to decry the merits of the Toy Boston Terrier, which so many prefer, for I well know their advantages, but I also appreciate that owing to their size they have to be a great care to their owners. They, therefore, cannot be so companionable as their larger brothers, | for their comradeship is necessarily limited.
The first thing that you must teach your dog if you would take him walking in the crowded thoroughfares of a city is prompt and strict obedience to your whistle. Select some dis- tinctive call of one, two or three notes and always use it so that he will readily distinguish your call from others, but only use it when you really want him, as he soon learns the moral of the story of the boy who called “Wolf!” and he will think you are only fooling him. It is necessary that he should be taught to obey your call before you venture on the streets. The best way to teach him is to whistle the desired notes, en- couraging him to come to you, and when he obeys pet and make much of him. Half an hour will generally be all that is needed to teach this lesson, and when once you are sure that he knows what is expected of him punish him if he does not come. The next step is to have him trained to walk right beside you. This is an important part of his training and will be found to be invaluable many times. It is the best preventive for fights, and will be found a great convenience in a crowd or crossing streets. Call the dog to you and saying the words, “To heel,” or some- thing similar, make him walk beside you. Always give the com- mand the same way, using the same words and the same tone of voice and gradually increase the distance that you have him walk near you till he is perfectly trained in this respect. You can let him run ahead with the words, “All right,” or “Go on,” but care should be taken not to allow him to leave you till you give your permission. It is a good plan to always call your dog
64
to heel on crossing a street and a week or so of this will often find him coming to you of his own accord. If he should do anything directly contrary to your commands, scold him severely and put him on the leash. This is one of the best ways of pun- ishing a dog and if you notice the downhearted and contrite way in which he walks along while under this disgrace you will yourself be convinced that it is an effective reprimand. It is a good plan to always carry a lead with you, for if that is the way in which he has been punished you will find that a mere
OAKMONT SENSATION.
sight of it will often cause him to mend his ways. When your dog has been trained perfectly in this wise he will indeed be a companion, a comfort and a protection, and you will soon grow to enjoy your walks with him. There is nothing more humiliat- ing than having a poorly trained dog on the streets and those unfortunate ones who have not taken the trouble to train their dogs are to be pitied. How foolish a person looks vainly calling after a dog that is running riot all over the streets and how much danger there is in such a course for the dog.
65
When the weather and the condition of the roads permit he may follow your trap for a reasonable distance and it will be very beneficial to him, but you must be careful to introduce this more violent form of exercise gradually. Do not run the legs off the dear little fellow without any regard for his condi- tion. Lead up.to it by degrees, taking him into your carriage very often at first, and never indulge this particular kind of exercise for some time after eating. In other words, if you want him to be able to run long distances train him as you would yourself if you were desirous of becoming a distance runner.
The secret of success in exercising a dog, as in pretty much everything in the world, is common sense and moderation. Be humane in the amount of exercise, making it enough to keep him in health, but not so much as to take the flesh off his bones.
CH. KIMBERLY. 66
CHAPTER VIII.
SOME HINTS ON DOG KEEPING.
Dog Blankets and Their Use—Rubbing—The Care of Feet—The Eyes—Constipation and Its Opposite—Coughs from the Stomach and Throat—The Bath—The Best Dog Soap— The Best Way to Wash a Dog—Fleas—Care of the Coat.
SS ek aw HILE THE two cardinal principles of dog ie health were treated in the last chapter, still there are many things that it might be well for the novice to know for they add not only to the health and comfort of a dog, but also to his looks. The subject that is being briefly touched upon here is one that has filled great volumes of canine lore and at the outset the author feels almost swamped with the mountain of material that is available. It is the intention, however, only to write on those things that are most important and necessary for the tyro to have explained. The great amount of material will also have to be the excuse for the patchwork character of this chapter for it is impossible to try to follow any particular order.
In regard to dog blankets and covering a dog up. If your dog is not a Toy and you keep him on the move when outdoors there is not the slightest need for a blanket, in fact they are rather to be discouraged, for a dog that gets use to one is apt to be a great deal more susceptible to cold than one who has been hardened, as it were, by going without one. In rainy or wet weather, however, there is no objection to putting on a blanket for it keeps him from getting wet and you will not have to rub so much on your return indoors, and right here it should be said that whenever a dog is brought in wet he should be thoroughly dried and well rubbed. An ounce of prevention is a good working rule and in this case it holds as good as it does in any other case and a little care when you bring your dog in may save you a great of trouble and expense later.
Feet are another part of the dog that soemtimes need a little care though it must be acknowledged that in a vast ma-
67
jority of cases they are left absolutely to take care of themselves. A dog’s nails, especially if he is kept in the city and not being out enough to wear them down, often need cutting. This is an operation that does not hurt the dog in the slightest and gen- erally gives no trouble so that anyone can do it. Care, how- ever, should be taken not to trim them too close. If the nails are not cut they become so long as to force the foot apart and splay feet are often caused in just this way.
A dog often catches cold in his eyes, which become blood- shot and water. Sponge out the eye with boracic acid, allowing a little to get in the eyes and the trouble will generally disappear in the course of a day or so. Constipation is one of the most common ailments of the house dog and one for which there is absolutely no excuse. It is caused by insufficient exercise and improper feeding and is very easily remedied. A teaspoon of castor oil will generally do the trick if supplemented by a change of diet. Give raw, lean meat and plenty of greens for a few days and the trouble will disappear. It is important to attend to this, for if allowed to go on the complaint will become chronic, the digestion impaired and the general health of the dog suffer severely. Diarrhoea may be so easily cured that there is not the slightest excuse in the world for allowing it to run on to an extent that will injure the dog. Both of these bowel com- plaints are not in themselves very dangerous, but they point towards a disordered condition and if not taken care of they lead to serious results. The warning that was sounded in the last chapter to go out with your dog when he is let out for his airing
may well be repeated here, for how else are we to know if the functions of nature are being properly performed?
Dogs are affected with two very distinct kinds of coughs, though there are many who think that all arise from the same source. One of the coughs comes from a cold and the other from the stomach, the treatment of each therefore differs ma- terially. Amateurs sometimes experience no little difficulty in determining the real cause of the cough, so a word or two on the subject may be of use. Generally speaking a cough that comes with a cold is not as hard as the one caused by stomach trouble. The stomach cough is a little dry, hacking one, as if there was scmething in the throat. The cold, also, often shows itself in other places, with watering eyes and running nose, while signs of stomach troubles are frequently in evidence in the other case. The ordinary cold that dogs have can often
68
be cured with Syrup of White Pine or some other similar human cough mixture. Cod Liver Oil, Honey and such reme- dies are also successful treatment, while in extreme cases a bronchitis kettle or one of the patent lamps that are used for that trouble are an almost unfailing cure. Stomach coughs may be cured by putting the stomach back into its normal,
BOYLSTON REINA.
healthy condition. This can often be done by the use of some mild physic and then a little dieting. There are several in- digestion preparations on the market and most of these are reliable and will often be found useful in cases of this kind. The question of how often a house dog should have a bath is another that often causes discussions. A dog kept in the house will not under ordinary circumstances need a bath more
69
o
than once in two or three weeks, though in hot or wet weather this rule does not hold good. There are a host of dog soaps on the market, but experience, that hard, but excellent instructor, has taught that many of them are not as good as their advertise- ments lead one to think. After having used many of them I have come to the conclusion that Fleasoap is one of the best, if it does that hold the title alone. It lathers quickly and freely, it kills insects in a way that is wonderful, and it has no bad effects upon the coat. There are of course many dogs who dread a bath as much as a cat, but these animals have generally been spoiled by their owners, for it seems to be a dog’s nature to enjoy water. Young dogs should be washed, but when you do start in to give him his bath do it careiuliy. Do not scold or scare him, and by taking things easy for a time or two you will often find that he will come to enjoy rather than dread his washing day. This is a consummation devoutly to be wished, for a fighting dog in a big tub of water can exhaust more patience and wet more cloths than anyone would imagine. Aside from this “scenes” with a dog, especially a Boston, are not apt to be productive of the best feeling between you and him, for his sensitive nature will not forget it and you will also remember what happened and unwittingly be on the lookout for a chance to get even.
The best way to give a dog a bath applies to all breeds and is as follows. First see that the water is not hot, but merely has the chill taken off it or is lukewarm. Stand the dog in the tub, which should be large enough to permit this without crowd- ing, then start at the head and work backwards. The object of this is that fleas will make for the head the minute they are threatened with drowning and by making a lather ring of Fleasoap around his neck you will not miss any of the pests. After you have made the ring around his neck wash and clean his head and ears carefully, taking care to keep all soap out of his eyes. When his head is clean rinse it off and turn your at- tention to his body. Lather this thoroughly and rub it just as a barber does when giving you a shampoo. Rub the soap in with the finger tips and remember that it is harder to get the dirt out of hair than it is off plain skin and so it will take time to get him good and clean. Next turn to his legs and feet, tak- ing one at a time and doing them thoroughly, for they are gen- erally quite dirty. The soep may be left on the body while the legs are being done, so that its antiseptic and insect killing
70
ee ee a er ences ae ee
Teg ae Sy tee
properties may have a chance to do all that lies in their power. After he is clean stand his front feet on the rim of the tub and rinse him off till all signs of the soap have disappeared.
When all the soap has been washed out of his coat place him on a table, previously prepared, and rub him dry, using as
_many towels as may prove necessary. After he is as dry as he can be gotten by artificial means, either roll him up in a
blanket or else induce him to romp about till he is perfectly
dry and circulation restored. The latter method is to be en-
couraged and it will be found that after a bath he will generally
ELLSWORTH FI FI.
be very willing to play. In fact, some dogs get into the habit of playing during the bath, but this should not be allowed for it will be found a great nuisance. He should not be allowed to go out of doors, even in summer, for several hours after his bath. The reason for this is two-fold; first, he is susceptible to cold and, secondly, he will nine times out of ten pick out as dirty a place as possible and roll in it, undoing all your labor. It is not advisable either to give him a bath just after eating, but two or three hours should elapse so as to give his meal time to digest.
71
A short coated dog, such as the Boston, is not very difficult to keep in good condition in respect to his coat, neither are fleas so hard to exterminate from him should they chance to get into his hair. These little pests will, however, get on any dog, no matter how carefully he is watched. Sometimes they seem to run into a perfect hive of these pestiferous insects and come in literally covered with them. In a case like this it will be well to spread a sheet or something that will serve the pur- pose on the floor and sprinkle your pet thoroughly with Dal- | matian powder. Either a salt shaker or a blower may be used, though the former will be found to be the most handy. When
VET.
the dog is covered thoroughly rub the powder in and the fleas will drop off on the sheet. It is to be remembered, however, that the powder does not kill at once and an extra dose should be given them as they lie on the cloth. Leave the powder on the dog for several minutes, say about five, then brush it off thoroughly and vigorously. Do not allow the dog to lick off the insecticide, for while it would not prove fatal, still it is not the best thing in the world for his stomach.
The semi-monthly bath and the occasional flea treatment is not all the care that should be given to a dog’s coat if you would have him looking his best and keep away skin diseases.
72
OL ee ee ae ee
BR
Every day he should have a good brushing, followed by a rub- bing with the hands. There is nothing in the world so good for a dog’s ccat as rubbing it with the palms of the hands and if you want your dog to shine with that silk-like glossiness that is sO much admired by all, the best way that you can reach this end is to rub him, using a generous amount of elbow grease. The white markings of the face, throat and belly should be sponged off with water daily so as to keep them from getting that yellowish appearance that is not beautiful to say the least. Besides improving his looks this little sponge bath will greatly refresh him and he will come to look forward to having his toilet performed.
The little hints that have been given in the foregoing pages will, it is hoped, be of practical assistance to the novice. It has, of course, been impossible to give a complete list of all that might be done to improve your pet’s looks, or. to meet all of the minor ills that may befall him, but the author trusts that what he has written will be of use. Only such things, as might be called the more common cases, have been treated upon, but care has been taken to make the explanations as simple as possible and the explanations and the use of technical terms have been done so as to make them well within the com- prehension of all.
KINSMAN’S BILLY. 73
CHAPTER IX.
CANINE DISEASES.
The Susceptibility of the Breed to Disease—Worms—The Dangers of Vermifuges—Teething Troubles—Distemper —Its Causes and Treatment—Complications of Distemper —Recovery from Distemper—Skin Diseases—How to Kill a Dog Humanely.
IT IS not within the scope of a work such as this to enter into exhaustive descriptions of the details of the diseases that Boston Terriers may suffer from or to give a com- plete list of the medicines and treatments that must be used in the case of any given sickness, but it seems advisable to consider some of the more important ones briefly.
The previous chapters must have convinced you that the
Boston Terrier is not an easy dog to raise, that the
rate of mortality is not only high, but that many are de-
formed or develop marked blemishes before maturity is reached. These are one of the principal causes of the high market value of a good specimen of the breed and while it increases the value, still it also increases the care and trouble that must be expended upon their raising. It has been pretty conclusively proved that the inbreeding that has been necessary to produce the breed.in its present perfected state has been very largely responsible for its inability to withstand and throw off the ravages of disease in its various forms. What- ever the cause is it is a fact that all Boston Terrier breeders have learned by bitter experience that dogs of their breed seem to be especially susceptible to all canine diseases and more sick- nesses end fatally with this breed than with others. It may seem strange, in this age of deceit, to see a statement like the above in a book devoted to the Boston Terrier and addressed particularly to novices, but the author feels that the knowledge of the high rate of mortality in the breed will come sooner or later and he thinks that it as well to sound the warning at the outset. If one goes into the breed realizing the difficulties that beset his way he will be less liable to give it up when the discouragements come, as come they will, than if he had an
74
idea that the road to success were all strewn with roses. More- over, one of the worst features of the mortality of this breed is that it is not confined to pups, but old and mature dogs will often die of diseases that would hardly cause another breed to turn a hair. In justice to the breed, however, it must be said that they are not a great deal more tender than the average well bred dog, who is much more care than a street cur. The sensitive nature of a thoroughbred, like that of a refined woman,
OARSMAN.
makes them more susceptible to pain and sickness, but it also gives them something that the mongerel can never have.
The first disease that will, in all probability, affect your dog ~ will be worms, which will generally make their appearance when a pup is about a month old, though they often cause trouble before a youngster is through nursing. If you can succeed in getting rid of these pests you may consider that your dog has a new, if somewhat temporary lease of life, for he will probably be left in peace until another batch of these infernal parasites appear or distemper sets in. The symptoms that point to the
75
>
presence of worms are not hard to detect and as nine out of ten—yes, ninety-nine out of a hundred—pups have them it is a very safe guess that the first thing that ails a puppy will be worms. ‘The indications that worms give are many—and it is impossible to tell just how a dog will act when suffering from them, but the following are some of the more common symp- toms. Nervousness, twitching and restlessness in the sleep, changeable appetite, a seeming desire to eat dirt and rubbish, thinness and wasting. All or any of these may be taken as a message from a very undesirable visitor and you should act accordingly. In order to expell the worms it is necessary to use powerful medicines and as the pup’s stomach is not made of cast iron you must not be surprised if he is upset. Almost all of the worm medicines and powders that are on the market are good, though, of course, there are some that are better than others. It is, however, a fact that the worm medicines, while they will all of them drive out the worms, will often cause the puppy’s death and what is more one medicine may not harm one dog but will kill his own brother or sister. There are, however, one or two medicines that have been so greatly improved that they are harmless, yet a sure cure in a vast majority of the cases, and as it is a question of having the worms kill the dog or taking a chance, it is always better to use a vermifuge. Once the worms are out of the system a puppy will generally go along very nicely, with the exception of an occasional case of colic or some similar ailment, till he cuts his second teeth. The complications that are apt to set in at this time are numerous enough to fill a very respectable volume in themselves, but I will not attempt to describe them. Suffice it to say that warmth, appropriate nourishment, and careful nursing are the best cure for all the teething troubles and are the main factors that are to be relied upon during this trying time. Unless you have a long expe- rience in such matters and are-well acquainted with the prop- erties of different medicines it will be well for you to trust to nursing and care, leaving the responsibility of dosing to rest upon a more experienced pair of shoulders than your own.
Words fail when the Boston Terrier fancier tries to describe his feeling towards that most-to-be-dreaded and very disastrous disease, distemper. In the past few years science has made great strides in discovering the causes and cures for the differ- ent diseases that affect not only man, but his best friend, and much has been done with distemper. It has been discovered
76
STUBBIE.
o that it is a contagious disease, and that a dog to have it must have been exposed to its ravages. It is a highly infectious dis- ease and can be carried in drinking vessels, bedding, or in fact anything that the sick dog has been in contact with. It is this that makes it so deadly an adjunct to shows where the bench- ing, feeding and drinking vessels, etc., are such excellent con- veyors of the contagion. While the knowledge that distemper is a transmissible disease is valuable in aiding preventive methods being adopted, still it has not,so far at least, been of any material aid to dog owners in curing the sickness once it attacks an animal. Germany, which has been aptly called the “Home of Science,” claims to have discovered a preventive and cure for this disease in the form of an antitoxine. A celebrated German pro- fessor has made extensive experiments in this line and is supposed to have discovered the germ of distemper and a serum that, while it gives the dog a mild form of the disease, still the sickness is not serious and it is said to be an effective preventive. Dog breeders in Europe are all most enthusiastic over the discovery and claim that the inoculation does all that it could possibly accomplish. While there is little doubt in the minds of leading doctors that it is possible to discover an antitoxine for the disease, still it seems highly improbable that it will act as a sure preventive, for it is well known that even when a dog has real, true distemper he is not necessarily immune from a second or even third or fourth attack. This seems to make it a doubly hard task to find a preventive for the sickness. No one in America has, however, ever had any practical experi- ence with the new discovery and we are still doubtful of its unfailing success, still it is to be sincerely hoped that it may be as good as repcrt says it is. This is a great field for some one to make an important and valuable medical discovery and the in- ventor of the real cure and preventive of this dread disease wili reap a great reward.
Distemper .is not a very difficult disease to diagnose as its symptoms are quite unique. The first signs of distemper may, it is true, be taken for nothing more serious than a bad cold, but the past history of the case, this cold coming generally as it does either after a show or exposure in other ways, make the matter of determining the nature of the disease a comparatively easy one. The first symptoms are dullness, lassitude, and gen- eral disinclination to move about. The dog will also show a great fondness for warm places and seems to avoid the light.
78
Your dog will in all probability seck the fireplace and laying down there, his head on his paws, go to sleep. If you call him, instead of coming with a bound, he will slowly open his eyes, look at you with a most pitiful expression, wag his tail spirit- lessly. Next come alternate attacks of fever and shivering, hot nose, loss of appetite, and a disarranged condition of the bowels. The urine becomes scanty, but bright colored, the cvat rough, vomiting occasionally sets in, a thin discharge from the nose starts and distemper is with you. As the disease progresses
YEGGMAN.
the discharge from the nose thickens till it becomes almost impossible for the poor animal to breathe. The eyes also be- come affected and are often completely stopped up with a gluey substance, causing the dog much discomfort. A short, sneezy cough, caused by the dog trying to clear out his nose is also one of the never failing signs of distemper. Another sure sign is a very rapid wasting, a big, strapping, healthy dog will be- come a skeleton in a very few days, and this is one of the things that must be most carefully guarded against.
79
~
> Enough has been said of the signs of distemper to enable the merest novice to tell the disease and we will now devote our attention to saving the dog once he is down with
the scourge. In all cases of simple distemper the mainstay of the owner is nursing, diet, and hygienic measures. Keep the
dog in a cool but draftless room and give him plenty of good nourishing food, so that he will be able to withstand the attack. Raw eggs, beaten up in milk, soups, gruels, etc., should be given in small quantities, but at frequent intervals. Keep the eyes clean with a solution of boracic acid and if the nose is very much stopped up hold the dog over a steaming kettle. Great care must be taken that the dog, in his weakened condition, does not catch any cold or almost invariably disastrous com- plications will set in. In almost all these simple cases this treatment will pull a dog through. It is an important thing to remember in distemper that “a stitch in time saves nine,” and if the case is not a complicated one and it is nipped in the bud you will probably be able to win the battle.
The great danger in this disease is not in the disease itself, but lies in the dog having different complications while ounce ing from the disease and his weakened condition makes it almost impossible for him to successfully combat the double attack. The most common attendant of distemper in Boston Terriers is complications. of the head. His short nose makes a very vulnerable point, for it stops up with amazing rapidity and is very difficult to keep clear. Steaming and keeping the discharge as much under control as possible is the only thing that can be done to have the air passages kept free. Boston Terrier owners should be most careful of this for in it lies their worst enemy. In extreme cases the entire respiratory organs are affected and even the lungs are reached. Fresh air is very important in these cases and in no instance should a dog be kept in a poorly ventilated room. If the throat is very badly affected, blistering, poulticing and the administering of soothing ccugh syrups may be adopted, though the last 1s hardly to be strongly recomemnded. Cod liver oil is often useful in these cases for it not only is very ECE aE but it also relieves the throat and bronchial tubes.
Sometimes it happens that the stomach and bowels are the - seat of a serious attack. Diarrhoea often sets in and should be checked as soon as possible, for if allowed to run will so rapidly weaken the dog that it will be impossible for him ta
80
throw off the effects of the primary disease. It is well in cases of this kind to give a good dose of castor oil—a Boston should have at least a teaspoon. This will thoroughly clean the dog out and help to remove the inflamation that is the cause of the trouble. The following mixture should then be given: Take of prepared chalk 3 dr., powdered acacia, 1 dr.; of oil of cassia,
LADY DAINTY.
8 drops; of tincture of catechu, 3 dr.; tincture of opium, I oz.; water to make 8 oz. The powders should first be well mixed in a mortar, the oil of cassia added, then the other liquids. This preparation will have to be well shaken before using. The diet should also be looked to carefully. A little arrow root added to the milk given is an old-time remedy and one which has
81
much virtue. It is well to give oatmeal water instead Of the plain, and the only food should be that which is very. easy to digest.
In distemper, especially in the more serious cases, the skin of the dog is very apt to break out. These are generally noted on the inside of the legs, where there is but little hair, and are in the form of little pimples that finally break, giving out blood and matter. This should be carefully wiped off and the sores just touched with some disinfectant. These eruptions are most frequently noted in cases where the stomach and the bowels have been attacked and are by most considered as a good sign, as it shows that the poison of the disease is coming out of the system. While it is a good sign, it is not an augury of recoy- ery, for many dogs join the great majority even after this favor- able sign appears.
One of the main things to remember about the recovery from this dread disease is that it takes many, many weeks and is really one of the most critical times of the.whole illness, for it is during this stage that pneumonia is apt to set in. A dog suffering from distemper should never be washed and for three months after an attack it is well to avoid the use of water. Never ex- ercise a dog recovering from this sickness unless he is on the lead and even then it should be very gentle, for he is sure to be weak and overexertion may prove fatal. If it is necessary to clean a dog sick with distemper a brush and cloths should be used. It is also, important to see that sick dogs do not get their feet wet or be exposed to other things liable to bring on a cold. The food of a dog in the convalescent period should also be watched with great care and nothing that is in any way apt to upset him given.
There are several kinds of skin diseases that affect dogs and they are all more or less serious, but as this book is written especially for the owner of one or two dogs and as these are not often sufferers from skin troubles, I will not treat of them in this volume. The same applies to any number of other diseases which it seems hardly advisable to treat about in this little book. In all cases it will be best for the novice to call to his aid the experience and knowledge of a _ qualified veterinary.
A suggestion that might sometime be useful and save some poor animal a great deal of pain is to state the best way to send your pet to the Dog Heaven, which is to give him a small piece
82
wet 4
of cyanide of potassium. This may be very easily done by opening his mouth and dropping it in, holding the mouth closed till the poison is swallowed. This will cause instant, painless death and is easier and more handy to give than chloroform.
WHISPER.
A GLOSSARY OF TECHNICAL TERMS RELATING TOY. BOSTON TERRIERS.
Apple-headed—Skull round instead of flat on top.
Beefy—Big. beefy hindquarters.
Brisket—The part of the body in front of the chest and below the neck.
Broken-up Face—Refers more particularly to the face of the Bulldog or Toy Spaniel, and comprises the receding — or layback, deep stop and wrinkle.
Burr—The inside of the ears.
Butterfly-nose-—A spotted nose.
Button-ear—An ear which falls over in front, concealing the inside, as in Fox Terriers.
Broody—A broody bitch; one that from its length and con. formation gives evidence of being a likely mother.
Blood—A blood; a dog with every appearance of aie breeding.
Blaze—The white line up the face.
Cloddy or Cobby—Thick set; short coupled and low in stature.
Cushion—Fullness in the top lips.
Crook Tail—The crooked tail of the Bulldog.
Conky—Compact and active looking.
Character—A combination of points contributing to the whole and giving to the dog the desired character associated with his particular variety.
Condition—A dog’s being in condition means he is in a state of perfect health; just enough flesh and no more, and his coat in excellent order.
Cat-foot—A short, round foot, with the knuckles high and weil developed.
Chest—The chest of a dog must not be confounded with the brisket; the breast, or chest extends between the forelegs from the brisket to the belly. -
Cheeky—When the cheek ee are strongly defined.
Chops—The pendulous lips of the Bulldog.
Cobby—Well ribbed up; short and compact.
Couplings—The length or space between the tops of the shoulder blades and the tops of the hip-joints, or huckle-bones. A dog is accordingly spoken of as long or short “in the couplings.”
z 84
Cow-hocked—The hocks turning inward.
Domed Skull—Round skull.
Deep in Brisket—Deep in chest.
Dewlap—Pendulous skin under the throat, as in case of Bloodhound.
Dew-claws—The exira claws found occasionally on the legs of all breeds, but especially of the St.-Bernard.
Dish-faced—This term describes a dog whose nasal bone is higher at the nose than at the stop—a feature not unfrequently seen in Pointers.
Dudley-nose—A flesh-colored nose.
Expression—The expression of a dog is determined by the size and placement of the eye. As an example, in the St. Ber- nard the eye is small, somewhat sunken, showing a little haw. This gives a mild and benevolent expression.
Elbow—The joint at top of the forearm.
Elbows Out—This term defines itself. Bulldogs and Dachs- hunds are desired with elbows so shaped, but it may occur as a fault through weakness.
Faking—Interfering with a dog’s natural appearance for the sake of hiding defects.
Flat-sided—Flat in ribs.
Flews—The chops, or overhanging lips of the upper jaw. The term is chiefly applied to hounds or other deep-mouthed dogs.
Forearm—This makes the principal length of the foreleg and extends from elbow to pastern.
Frog Face, or Down Face—Nose not receding.
Harefoot—A long, narrow foot, carried forward.
Height—The height of a dog is measured at the shoulder, bending the head gently down. The proper method is to stand the dog on level ground close by a wall, and to lay a flat rule across his shoulders horizontally so as to touch the wall; then measure to the point touched by the rule.
Huckle-bones—Tops of the hip-joints. The space between these and the tops of the shoulders is called the couplings.
Knee—The joint attaching the forepasterns and the forearm.
Kink-tail—A tail with a single break or kink in it.
Lippy—Applied to hanging lips of some dogs where hanging lips should not exist, as in the Bull Terrier.
Lengthy—Possessing length of body.
Level—A term used to describe some Terriers. A dog’s
85
teeth are said to be level when the jaws are neither overhung nor underhung.
Leggy—Having the legs too long in proportion to the body.
Listless—Dull and sluggish.
Lumber—Superfluous flesh.
Long in Flank—Long in back and loins.
Loins—That part of the anatomy of the dog between the last rib and hindquarters.
Layback—A receding nose.
Leather—The skin of the ear.
Occiput—The prominent bone at the back or top of the skull; particularly prominent in Bloodhounds.
Overshot—The upper teeth projecting beyond the lower. This fault in excess makes a dog pig-jawed, which see.
Out at Shoulders—Shoulders set on outside, as in the Bulldog.
Out at Elbows—Elbows coming out.
Pad—The underneath portion of the foot.
Pastern—The lowest section of the leg below the knee or hock respectively.
Pig-jawed—The upper jaw protruding over the lower, so that the upper incisor teeth are in advance of the lower, an ex- aggeration of an over-shot-jaw.
Rose-ear—An ear of which the tip turns backward and down- watd, so as to disclose the inside of the ear.
Ring-tail—A tail curling round in a circular fashion.
Roached Back or Arched Loin—The arched or wheel forma- tion of loin, as in a Greyhound, Dachshund, Dandie Dinmont Terrier and a Bulldog.
Racy—Slight in build and leggy, as in the Greyhound or Whippet.
Septum—The division between the nostrils.
Shoulders—The top of the shoulder blades, the point at which the height of a dog is measured.
Splay-foot—A flat, awkward forefoot, usually turned out- ward; and the opposite of “cat-foot.”
Stern—The tail.
Stop—The indentation between the skull and the nasal bone near the eyes. This feature is strongly developed in Bulldogs, Pugs and short faced Spaniels, and considerably so in many other dogs.
Snipy—Too pointed in muzzle.
86
Spring—Round or well-sprung ribs.
Shelly—Narrow, shelly body.
Stifles—The upper joint of hind legs.
Style—Showy, and of a stylish, gay demeanor.
Stocky—A bitch is called “stocky” when she looks as if she could throw good pups and be a good mother.
Second Thighs—The muscular development between stifle joint and hock.
The Hock—The lower joint of hind leg.
Tight Lipped—-Having no flews; as in Terriers.
Timber—Bone. :
Tucked Up—Tucked up loin, as in the Greyhound.
Tulip-ear—An upright or pricked ear.
Undershot—The lower incisor teeth projecting beyond the upper, as in Bulldogs.
Upright Shoulders—Shoulders that are set in an upright, instead of an oblique position; not laid back.
Varmint Expression—As in the eye of the Fox Terrier, which is free from hair, is not sunken, nor large, and set in, in a some- what horizontal position, giving a keen varmint expression. Wall Eye—A blue mottled eye.
Wrinkle—Loose folding skin over the skull.
... Wheaten— Pale-yellowish color.
Weedy—Applied to a dog who looks leggy, thin, badly-bred
and apparently going to seed.
87
Oakmount Kennels
OFFER AT STUD
OAKMOUNT PUNCH
A. K. C. S. B. 78322, Sire of OAKMOUNT BUD, Rich
Dark Seal Brindle, 13-Inch Screw Tail, and One
of the Cobbiest and Best Proportioned Dogs Before the Public. WEIGHT, 153 LBS. FEE, $25.00 Also,
OAKMOUNT GENT, 97114, 12% lbs. - - $25.00 OAKMOUNT SENSATION, 76113, 142 abs: . 15.00 CABIN BOY, 88654, 19 lbs. - - 15-00
| Write for Booklet 187 Ege Avenue, JERSEY CITY, N. J.
5 Ope Atchison Kennels
Registered
QpRFER at public stud for the low fee of <. $2500 «the greatest Boston sire
of the age,
VET
a dog who has been at stud less than a year and who has sired six big winners.
beri ae 13 poueds A. K, C. 95,091
ET Ww eight yan pounds A. K. C. 77,096
A cobbly little lightweight, of
perfect markings and screw tail.
Also his best son, the grand
VET II
A great son of a great sire, who has inherited his daddy’s ability to get the right kind of pups. Fee, for the pres- ent, $15.00.
Edgar Atchison-Ely
Stony Brook, Long Island, N.Y.
Phone 17L Smithtown
SELBCTIED 44lGn CLASS: BOSTON TERRIERS
CH. WHISPER
ANNISQUAM AENNELS WALTER E. SPONE, PROP. 65 KILBY STREET, BOSTON, MASS.
| At Stud Viking
The best Boston Terrier Stud Dog alive
PERFECT MARKINGS, GRAND HEAD AND SHORT SCREW TAIL
A Getter of Puppies that Win and Sell
FEE $15 W. N. KIMBALL, 338 High St., Lawrence, Mass.
Telephone 244-4
Eiisworth Fifi Sire, Champion Revillo Peach Dam, Rosan
The sensational ToyBoston terrier, win- ner at all the shows of 1905 and 1906 shown at New York, Ist, five specials; Boston, Ist, five specials; Buffalo, Ist,five specials; Lynn, Ist, six specials; Haverhill, Ist, six specials. Judged by
James Mortimer, Alex Goode, Dwight Bald- win, Mr. Green and Mr. Thomas Benson.
AT STUD—Kinsman’s BILLy and Duke B winners at above shows. Puppies and grown dogs for sale. All Registered Stock.
Ellsworth Kennels, Mrs. John N. Champion, New Haven, Conn.
gI
Rob Roy- Presto Kennes 2
To breed or to buy at these kennels is to know that you have the best.
CH. JUNIOR II., (Remlic Roi D’Or), 22 pounds, Fee, $15.00
CHAMPION OARSMAN,18 pounds, (Cracksman).......... Fee, $20.00 LORD DIRECT (Hazlewood Dick ex Cutty Sark)....... Fee, $15.00 OARMAN’S ANTHONY, 15 pounds (Ch. Oarsman).......... Fee, $15.00 BAYSIDE ALADDIN, JR.,17 pounds (Bayside Aladdin)... Fee, $15.00 MALLOW BOY, 17 pounds (Revilo Peach).................---- Fee, $15.00 BARNE Yo'8 pounds Ghinemaster): ccc. csccccmecsesea eas oes s Fee, $10.00 DERBY’S PRINCE, 16 pounds (Ch. Lord Derby)............-. Fee, $10.00 IBERIA NY; 16 poundSer: soccer oot ates toe ra ntetes emai se eae Fee, $10.00
Select number of bitches to each dog, assuming best results. Send at once for new catalogue. Choice of dogs on any return.
MYRON W. ROBINSON. Englewood, N. J.
Fee, $10.00
One of the most typical and best bred Bostons at public stud to-day. Hand- some, dark seal brin- dle with perfect white markings. Grand head, two inch screw tailand perfect body.
Sire, Rajah Dam, Queen Regent If you want salable
pups, give him atry. A. K.C.S. B. 70,3872 Send;for a card.
C. P. WRIGHT, CLINTON, MASS.
Q2
SIRED by DAZZLER | I Get the Winner’s Fee, $10,00
Cr. Dick Dazzler
Is the only dog to beat the great FOSCO this year, 1906; also Charmion, McAlvin’s Nance, Sweet Marie, Miss Ruby, Lady Teazle, Mrs. Betz, Bad Boy and Red Ruler, all are 1905 and 1906 winners.
Dazzler is TRUE BUSTER BLOOD and Biss INVINCIBLE as a SIRE. ARs og nail
WILL BELL, 64 Humphrey St., Lowell,Mass.
at ud Strong Heart
A winner of Many Prizes and a Sire of Winners. Fee, $10.00.
ELMORE KENNELS, P. 0. Box 123, Hudson; N. Y.
At Stud YWEGGMAN_ Fee, $15
The best in the South, and very few superiors any- where. Young and sound and almost perfect. Weighs only 16 lbs. Won first open lightweight at Boston February, 1906. Send for stud card to
Peachtree Kennels - Atlanta, Ga.
93
MOHAWK KENNELS
Breeders of High Class Boston Terriers
TIPSTER (A K. C, 78758).
Rich dark brindle: perfect markings; elegant head; tight screw tail; light weight; ‘trappy and stylish; winner of 11 firsts and 5 specials.
FEE, $10.00
MOHAWK CHIEF (A. K. C. 92,943).
Handsome brindle; even mark- ings; short kinky tail; grand con- formation; middle weight; very cobby and showy; a winner at the largest shows.
FEE, $15.00
Blue blood dogs that will breed you a winner
Office, 149 Clinton St., Schenectady, N.Y.
Dr. A. C. Daniels’
DOG WORM EXPELLER
Drives Out Any Sort of Worm From Any Kind of Dog—5@Qe,
PUPPY VERIIIFFUGE
we 7 for Young Pups—50c, FULL LINE DOG MEDICINES
Any druggist can get them for you, if he won’t, send direct to
Dr. A. C. DANIELS
172 MILK ST., BOSTON
The largest Manufacturer of Veterniary Medicines in the world Dog, Cat or Horse Books free, mention this book
94
AT STUD FEE $15.00
5) CHAMPION 7) KIMBERLY
A. K. C. 730179
Kimberly is one of the most consistent performers on the bench and in the stud before the public to-day.
He is a winner of many prizes and a sire of winners. FOR PARTICULARS ADDRESS Dr. J. H. FOQUET CENTRE STREET OIL CITY, PA.
A Kenacl Toilet Powde
Refreshing and Pleasing
TRADE
MARK
For FLEAS and All Other Insects
Price, 25 Cents
BY MAIL Manufactured by
CHARLES H. ELLIS, Pharmacist, Port Chester, N.Y.
My Master uses Sectease Mine don’t —I wish he did
95
Field and Fancy Supply Dept.
Furnishes Anything and Everything for the Dog Fancier
Dog Crates, Dog Furnishings, Dog Medicines, Dog Foods, Dog Books, Dog Papers, Dog Pictures, Dog Soaps, Special American Agents For All English Publications
DOG CRATES
é THE FIELD AND FANCY » PATENT STEEL WOVEN DOG CRATES are made of the best quality of tough hardwood slats, securely fast- ened to the corners with tement coated nails clinched to the corner posts. The corners are protected by gal- vanized steel from top to bottom, and the top _ rein- forced with galvanized steel corner clamps, thereby mak- ing it rigid and the strongest
_ dog crate on the market.
SIZES, WEIGHTS AND PRICES
Length, Width, Height, Weight, Inches. Inches. Inches. Pounds.
Special attention has been paid to the construction of this crate so as to get the strongest and at the same time the lightest to SA EXPRESS CHARGES; also the best ventilated and lowest priced dog crate on the market. A sample order from you would substantiate every claim we make.
Field 48 Fancy Supply Dep’t
Tel. 5897 Cortlandt. 14 Church St., New York
ONGRESS
LIBRARY OF | \\\\ \\ \\\\ \\\\ | | WA 830 0
i 0 002 837