S Achufft P. L 581*529 Botanicai survey Nllbsgf of the Goat Flat 1992 proposed research natural areat Deeriodge National Forest ^^ BOTANICAL SURVEY OF THE GOAT FLAT PROPOSED RESEARCH NATURAL AREA DEERLODGE NATIONAL FOREST STATE DCCUWIENTS COLLECTlOtl JAN 2 r. 1993 MONTANA STATE LIBRARY 1'515 E. 6th AVE. HELENA, MONTANA 59520 by Peter L. Achuff and Lisa S. Roe Montana Natural Heritage Program 1515 East Sixth Avenue Helena, Montana 59620 r (J*:) ?? fi March 1992 m '^■'s s ■-/-■/■• j^ .■*-i'^'-' / Ti ., '• ■-■■ .^^ ■. Y ,jA' t.3wl ' >>• .,•.,•.■0' .■. ■, .s'. A'v^-'wV^-jr.K^v! - .-■'>".v,:,\j|;,.-",>,)'2 X- ..:.•■:. .\>, v~-'. .:<^ '-y: ,:■*... -. ■ >-c , ., "iv' ". '■'.■■*»*.l %''^'^ BOTANICAL SURVEY OF THE GOAT FLAT PROPOSED RESEARCH NATURAL AREA DEERLODGE NATIONAL FOREST STATE DCCUWIEMTS COLLECTlOil JAN2nlB93 MONTANA STATE UIERARV 1515 E. 6tn AVt. HELENA, MONTANA 50o20 by Peter L. Achuff and Lisa S. Roe Montana Natural Heritage Prograim 1515 East Sixth Avenue Helena, Montana 59620 ^^1 a- -is; B^mb£ ,J?i F P f!?^. March 1992 i TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION 1 TOPOGRAPHY AND GEOLOGY 1 FLORA 3 VEGETATION 9 SUMMARY 11 LITERATURE CITED 13 APPENDIX 1 - FLORA OF THE GOAT FLAT PROPOSED RNA 14 APPENDIX 2 - LOCATIONS OF SPECIAL PLANT SPECIES 21 INTRODUCTION The Goat Flat Proposed Research Natural Area is located southwest of Anaconda in the Anaconda Range along the Continental Divide on the Deerlodge National Forest. The area extends from Storm Lake mostly south to Mount Tiny and Goat Flat (Fig. 1) and is centered at about 46°03'N 113°15'W. A portion of the area is within the Anaconda-Pintlar Wilderness. The Goat Flat Proposed Research Natural Area contains 10 special plant species, five of which are Sensitive in Region 1, and a wide variety of upper subalpine and alpine plant communities. A preliminary survey of the botanical features of the Goat Flat Proposed Research Natural Area was conducted by the Montana Natural Heritage Program in July and August 1991. TOPOGRAPHY AND GEOLOGY Altitudes in the Goat Flat Proposed Research Natural Area range from about 8200 ft along the shore of Storm Lake to 9989 ft at the top of Little Rainbow Mountain. Topographically, the area is mountainous and includes gently sloping terrain southeast of Storm Lake, steep mountain slopes rising above the lake basin to a number of peaks, and two small, high-altitude plateaus including Goat Flat and the northeastern portion of the area. Storm Lake sits in a glacial cirque surrounded by steep, colluvial slopes. Snow avalanching occurs on several of the colluvial slopes and fans. Much of the glacial moraine in the bottom of the cirque south of the lake appears to have been reworked or overlain by fluvial action. Fluvial fans and aprons occur on the gentler terrain especially southeast of Storm Lake. At high elevations, the landforms are predominantly weathered bedrock and colluvial rubble. Active, frost-patterned, polygonal ground and solifluction terraces occur in portions of Goat Flat itself. The bedrock geology of the Goat Flat Proposed Research Natural Area includes both sedimentary and igneous rocks (Calkin and Emmons 1915) . The mountain east of Storm Lake is composed predominantly of medium and basic, granular granodiorite of Tertiary age that is irruptive into the surrounding sedimentary rocks and contains abundant sedimentary inclusions. The area south and west of Storm Lake, including Mount Tiny and Goat Flat, is composed primarily of calcareous shales and impure limestones of Cambrian and Precambrian age. The impure limestones include a great deal of quartz. At higher elevations, some sandstones and quartzitic sandstones occur also. J ■--■'' ' - :^\'. ' : ■ ■' ( n^' ! : y-.-i ■ ■ . '^. ,'i : v^^s:: /P..5»->*/> ■!f?.■ ^ Figure 1. The Goat Flat Proposed Research Natural Area FLORA The vascular flora of the Goat Flat Proposed Research Natural Area currently consists of 190 species (Appendix 1) . The list is based on limited survey and additional species undoubtedly will be found with further effort. Ten of these species are considered Species of Special Concern by the Montana Natural Heritage Program (Achuff 1991) and five are Sensitive within Region 1 of the U.S. Forest Service (Table 1). The current status of the five sensitive species is described briefly below. Locations within the area are in Appendix 2 . Table 1. Sensitive Plant Species and Species of Special Concern in the Goat Flat Proposed Research Natural Area. See Achuff (1991) for an explanation of ranks and sensitivity status. Species Rank Aqoseris lackschewitz ii G3/S2 Antennaria densifolia G3/S1 Carex maritima G4-5/S1 Gentiana prostrata G5/S2 Polystichum kruckebergii G3-4/S1 Salix cascadensis G4-5/S1 Salix wolf ii var. wolf ii G4T4/S1 Saussurea weberi G3/S1 Saxifraqa tempestiva G2/S2 Selaqinella selaqinoides G5/S1 Aqoseris lacks chewitzii (pink agoseris) Species Information: Aqoseris lackschewitz ii is one of four species in the genus that occurs in Montana. None of the other species is special, rare or sensitive (Lesica and Shelly 1991). Aqoseris lackschewitzii has pink petals when flowering which differentiates it from the closely related species A. qlauca which has yellow flowers and from A. aurantiaca which has reddish-orange flowers. The flowers of the latter two species may age or dry to a pinkish color. Sensitive yes yes no no no no yes yes yes no Present Legal or Other Formal Status: Agoseris lackschewitzii currently has no status under the Endangered Species Act but is on the Sensitive list for Region 1 of the U.S. Forest Service. It is currently ranked by the Montana Natural Heritage Program globally as G3 (either rare and local or locally in a restricted range, 21-100 occurrences) and in Montana as S2 (imperiled because of rarity, 6-20 occurrences) . The state rank is currently under review because of many new locations reported from the 1991 field season; it will likely be revised to S3. In addition, a population of this species was found in the Banff National Park, Alberta area in 1991 (Achuff 1992) and thus, the global ranking may also need to be revised. Geographic Distribution: Agoseris lackschewitzii is currently known from 27 locations in eight counties of central and southwestern Montana (Cascade, Deer Lodge, Judith Basin, Madison, Meagher, Park, Silverbow, Sweetgrass) and two counties in southcentral Idaho (Fremont, Lemhi) . A disjunct occurrence is also known from the Sunshine Meadows area of western Banff National Park, Alberta and adjacent British Columbia. Habitat and Associated Species: Agoseris lackschewitzii occurs primarily in moist herbaceous meadows and in the ecotone between moist meadows and forest. Associated species in Montana include: Androsace septentrional is fairy candelabra Antennaria alpina alpine pussytoes Arnica mollis hairy arnica Caltha leptosepala elkslip Carex rostrata beaked sedge Carex scopulina Holm's sedge Castilleja rhexifolia rhexia-leaved paintbrush Deschampsia caespitosa tufted hairgrass Erigeron peregrinus subalpine daisy Habenaria dilatata white bog-orchid Juncus balticus Baltic rush Pedicularis groenlandica elephant's head Phleum alpinum alpine timothy Poa leptocoma bog bluegrass Polygonum bistortoides bistort Potentilla diversifolia diverse-leaved cinquefoil Salix drummondiana Drummond willow Saxif raga oregana bog saxifrage Veronica wormskjoldii alpine speedwell Zygadenus elegans glaucous death-camas Population Biology and Ecology: Populations of Agoseris lackschewitzii are generally small, ranging from 15-100 plants. Flowering is generally in July and August. Reproduction is primarily by seed with some vegetative reproduction by splitting of the caudices. Threats: The primary threats to Agoseris lackschewitzii are from grazing by domestic livestock and trampling associated with grazing or trails. The moist meadows in which the species occurs are quite susceptible to trampling damage due to their low bearing capacity. Such sites may also be susceptible to water erosion. Recommendations for Maintaining Viable Populations: Management plans should take the occurrence of this species fully into account and prevent disturbance to the sites. To prevent inadvertent impacts, detailed information on the location of Agoseris lackschewitzii populations in the Goat Flat Proposed Research Natural Area should be made known to all personnel involved in planning activities in the area. Additional surveys of the moist and wet meadows in the Goat Flat Proposed Research Natural Area should be done to fully delineate the extent of Agoseris lackschewitzii populations in the area. Antennaria densifolia (tufted pussytoes) Species Information: The genus Antennaria contains perhaps 30 species (Hitchcock et al. 1955-1969), about 13 of which are currently known from Montana (Dorn 1984) . Antennaria densifolia is closely related to Antennaria aromatica (Bayer 1989a) and is the only member of the genus in Montana to have sensitive status. Present Legal or Other Formal Status: Antennaria densifolia currently has no status under the Endangered Species Act but is on the Sensitive list for Region 1 of the U.S. Forest Service. It is currently ranked by the Montana Natural Heritage Program globally as G3 (either rare and local or locally in a restricted range, 21-100 occurrences) and in Montana as SI (imperiled because of rarity, <5 occurrences) . Geographic Distribution: Antennaria densifolia occurs primarily on the unglaciated eastern slopes of the Mackenzie, Richardson and Ogilvie mountains of the Northwest Territories and the Yukon Territory (Bayer 1989a & b) . The occurrence in the Goat Flat Proposed Research Natural Area is a disjunction of ca . 1850 km and is the only site known for Montana or the U.S. Habitat: The habitat at Goat Flat is limestone talus in alpine tundra at ca . 9150 ft which is typical of its habitat elsewhere. Antennaria densifolia appears to be a narrowly restricted endemic that occurs on calcareous, unglaciated habitats (Bayer 1989a) . Population Biology and Ecology: Some populations of this species in Canada contain only pistillate plants which suggests that they are apomictic. However, the Goat Flat population contains both staminate and pistillate plants (Bayer 1989a) and reproduces sexually. The Goat Flat population is diploid as are the plants in Canada (Bayer 1989a). The plants flower in July and August. Threats: The precise location of the Antennaria densif olia population at Goat Flat is not known but it is likely that the only threat would be from trampling or trail development. Also, the size and areal extent of the population is unknown which makes it impossible to gauge the results of possible impacts. Recommendations for Maintaining Viable Populations: Management plans should take the occurrence of this species fully into account and prevent disturbance to the sites. To prevent inadvertent impacts, detailed information on the location of populations in the Goat Flat Proposed Research Natural Area should be made known to all personnel involved in planning activities in the area. Additional surveys of talus slopes in the Goat Flat area should be done to fully delineate the extent and size of populations in the Goat Flat Proposed Research Natural Area. Salix wolf ii var. wolf ii (Wolf's willow) Species Information: The genus Salix contains about 300 species, mostly in the Northern Hemisphere (Hitchcock et al. 1955-1969). Thirty-four species are reported for Montana (Dorn 1984). Sal ix wolf ii contains two varieties which are differentiated primarily by whether the capsules are hairy or not. Variety wolf ii has glabrous, or occasionally subglabrous, capsules and occurs mainly in Colorado, Utah and Wyoming, barely entering southwestern Montana and eastern Idaho (Hitchcock et al. 1955-1969). Variety idahoensis has hairy capsules and occurs more in the northern and western parts of the range, although both varieties are sympatric in southwest Montana. Present Legal or Other Formal Status: Salix wolf ii var. wolf ii currently has no status under the Endangered Species Act but is on the Sensitive list for Region 1 of the U.S. Forest Service. It is currently ranked by the Montana Natural Heritage Program globally as G4T4 (apparently secure globally although it may be rare at the periphery of its range, >100 occurrences; T refers to the variety) and in Montana as SI (imperiled because of rarity, <5 occurrences) . Geographic Distribution: The species as a whole occurs widely from Oregon to Montana and south to Nevada, Utah and Colorado. The variety wolf ii occurs from southwest Montana and eastern Idaho south to Colorado and Utah, and is currently known from four locations in Montana. The other three locations are in southern Madison and Gallatin counties. Thus, the population at the Goat Flat Proposed Research Natural Area is peripheral and the most northeasterly location known for the species. Habitat: Salix wolf ii var. wolf ii occurs along streambanks and in wet meadows in the subalpine zone. Population Biology and Ecology: The capsules of this plant mature in July and August but little is known of other specific aspects of its biology or ecology. It presumably reproduces both sexually by seeds and vegetatively . Threats: No threats are known to this species. Recommendations for Maintaining Viable Populations: Management plans should take the occurrence of this species fully into account and prevent disturbance to the sites. To prevent inadvertent impacts, detailed information on the location of populations in the Goat Flat Proposed Research Natural Area should be made known to all personnel involved in planning activities in the area. Additional surveys of the moist and wet meadows south of Storm Lake should be done to fully delineate the extent and size of populations in the Goat Flat Proposed Research Natural Area. Saussurea weberi (Weber's sawwort) Species Information: The genus Saussurea contains more than 50 species most of which are in Eurasia. Three species occur in Montana (Dorn 1984). Saussurea weberi is distinguished from S. densa, which also is a short plant occurring at high altitudes, by having broadly rounded involucral bracts rather than the narrow, pointed bracts of S. densa. Present Legal or Other Formal Status: Saussurea weberi currently has 3C status (more abundant or widespread than previously believed and/or not subject to identifiable threat) under the Endangered Species Act and also is on the Sensitive list for Region 1 of the U.S. Forest Service. It is currently ranked by the Montana Natural Heritage Program globally as G3 (either rare and local or locally in a restricted range, 21-100 occurrences) and in Montana as SI (imperiled because of rarity, <5 occurrences) . Geographic Distribution: Saussurea weberi occurs from Colorado north to southwestern Montana with the Montana population being disjunct from westcentral Wyoming (Dorn 1988) . The population at Goat Flat is the only known occurrence in Montana. Habitat and Associated Species: At Goat Flat, Saussurea weberi occurs in a moist alpine meadow with a southwest aspect at 9400 ft. Associated species include Poa interior, Senecio luqens and Arnica rydbergii . Population Biology and Ecology: The population at Goat Flat consists of 500-1000 plants scattered in small colonies across the meadow. The population was first discovered in 1973 and was last observed in 1978. This species flowers in July and early August. Threats: The only current potential threat to the population is from a nearby hiking trail. Reconunendations for Maintaining Viable Populations: Management plans should take the occurrence of this species fully into account and prevent disturbance to the sites. To prevent inadvertent impacts, detailed information on the location of populations in the Goat Flat Proposed Research Natural Area should be made known to all personnel involved in planning activities in the area. Additional surveys of the high altitude meadows of Goat Flat and also east of Storm Lake should be done to fully delineate the extent and size of populations in the Goat Flat Proposed Research Natural Area. Saxifraqa tempestiva (storm saxifrage) Species Information: Saxifraqa is a large genus of ca . 300 species, most of which are in the Northern Hemisphere and including many that are circumboreal . In contrast, Saxifraqa tempestiva is endemic to southwestern Montana. Thirteen locations are currently known for it in Montana and the Goat Flat populations are at the center of the range. It can be distinguished from other high-altitude members of this genus by the combination of small size, more nearly linear leaves, and petals that are smaller than the sepals, rather than longer or absent. Present Legal or Other Formal Status: Saxifraqa tempestiva currently has no status under the Endangered Species Act but is on the Sensitive list for Region 1 of the U.S. Forest Service. It is currently ranked by the Montana Natural Heritage Program globally as G2 (imperiled globally because of rarity, 6-20 occurrences) and in Montana as S2 (imperiled because of rarity, 6-20 occurrences) . Geographic Distribution: The global range of Saxifraqa tempestiva currently comprises thirteen locations in Ravalli, Beaverhead, Deer Lodge and Granite counties. It is endemic to southwestern Montana. Four populations of Saxifraqa tempestiva are currently known from the Goat Flat Proposed Research Natural Area. Habitat and Associated Species: Saxifraqa tempestiva occurs in vernally moist, exposed mineral soil in meadows or on rock ledges near or above treeline. The sites receive snowmelt through the early part of the growing season. Associated species include: Dodecatheon pulchellum Eriqeron pereqrinus Eriqeron simplex Pedicularis pulchella Poa alpina Poa cusickii few-flowered shooting star subalpine daisy alpine daisy pretty dwarf lousewort alpine bluegrass Cusick's bluegrass Population Biology and Ecology: Saxifraga tempestiva flowers in June and July and sets seed quickly, usually by mid-summer before the site dries out as run-off from snow melt ends. The populations are often large, consisting of hundreds of plants. Threats: No threats are currently known. Recommendations for Maintaining Viable Populations: Management plans should take the occurrence of this species fully into account and prevent disturbance to the sites. To prevent inadvertent impacts, detailed information on the location of populations in the Goat Flat Proposed Research Natural Area should be made known to all personnel involved in planning activities in the area. Populations of this species are often hard to detect from a distance and thus, additional surveys of the high altitude meadows of Goat Flat and also east of Storm Lake should be done during early summer to fully delineate the extent and size of populations in the Goat Flat Proposed Research Natural Area. Additionally, two species of Botrychium (grapefern) are known from a meadow on the northeast shore of Storm Lake, just north of the current boundary of the area. Botrychium paradoxum is currently on the Region 1 Sensitive plant list and is ranked Gl/Sl. B. hesperium is not a Sensitive species and is ranked G3/S1. These species are often difficult to find and were not located in 1991. If further survey finds them at the previously reported site, the boundary of the Goat Flat Proposed Research Natural Area should be changed to include them. VEGETATION This preliminary survey concentrated on the plant species present in the Goat Flat Proposed Research Natural Area and little was done with the plant communities. The following is based on sketchy field notes and no plots or releves were done. Some of the major vegetation types are briefly noted (Table 2) but additional types occur in the area. The Goat Flat Proposed Research Natural Area lies within both the Upper Subalpine and Alpine vegetation zones. The Upper Subalpine here includes the timberline transition from a treed Subalpine to a treeless Alpine. At the lowest elevations in the area, closed forests predominate. As elevations increase and climatic conditions become more rigorous, the forests become more open as the distance between trees or tree clumps increases. Closed forests dominated by Picea enqelmannii and Abies lasiocarpa with an understory characterized by Vaccinium scoparium are most common south of the lake. At higher elevations, an open forest of Picea enqelmannii and Abies 10 Table 2. Preliminary list of vegetation types in the Goat Flat Proposed Research Natural Area. Upper Subalpine Picea enqelmannii-Abies lasiocarpa/Vaccinium scoparium Picea enqelmannii-Abies lasiocarpa/Phyllodoce spp. Larix lyallii/Luzula hitchcockii Larix lyallii/Vaccinium scoparium Trollius albif lorus-Senecio triangular is-Eriqeron pereqrinus Caltha leptosepala Alpine Dryas octopetala-Salix reticulata ssp. nivalis Carex niqricans Antennaria lanata Phyllodoce qlandulif lora Festuca ovina-Carex spp, lasiocarpa with an understory dominated by Phyllodoce spp. and Vaccinium scoparium is characteristic. Forests dominated by Larix lyallii generally occur at higher elevations than the Picea-Abies forests although the two overlap to some degree. Both open and closed forests of Larix lyallii occur in the area. On moister sites, the vegetation type is Larix lyallii/Luzula hitchcockii while on somewhat drier sites, Larix lyallii/Vaccinium scoparium is more common. Moist herb meadows occur at low elevation, south of the lake near streams and in seepy areas. This species-rich vegetation type is characterized by Trollius albif lorus, Senecio triangularis and Eriqeron pereqrinus . Other common species include Deschampsia caespitosa , Valeriana sitchensis , Potentilla diversif olia and Veronica wormskioldii . In the wettest sites, a vegetation type dominated by Caltha leptosepala occurs. 11 Vegetation patterning in the Alpine is controlled primarily by winter snow depth-exposure and summer moisture. The vegetation types noted here can be arranged along these gradients. The vegetation in the deepest, latest-melting snowbeds that are often in hollows is dominated by Carex nigricans . In slightly shallower snowbeds, often forming a ring around the Carex nigricans vegetation, is a vegetation type dominated by Antennaria lanata . Areas with moderate snow depths are characterized by a heath tundra dominated by Phyllodoce glandulif lora but also commonly containing Vaccinium scoparium and Cassiope mertensiana . The most exposed sites, which typically have very little snow cover in the winter, contain the Dryas octopetala-Salix reticulata ssp. nivalis vegetation type. Also characteristic of these sites are Kobresia myosuroides and Carex nardina communities. On some sites, a graminoid tundra occurs with Festuca ovina , Carex spp. (especially Carex phaeocephala) , Poa cusickii and Poa pattersonii most common. SUMMARY The Goat Flat Proposed Research Natural Area is located southwest of Anaconda in the Anaconda Range along the Continental Divide on the Deerlodge National Forest. Altitudes range from about 8200 ft along the shore of Storm Lake to 9989 ft at the top of Little Rainbow Mountain. Topographically, the area is mountainous and includes gently sloping terrain southeast of Storm Lake, steep mountain slopes rising above the lake basin to a number of peaks, and two small, high-altitude plateaus including Goat Flat and the northeastern portion of the area. Active, frost-patterned, polygonal ground and solifluction terraces occur in portions of Goat Flat itself. The bedrock geology includes both sedimentary and igneous rocks. The vascular flora of the Goat Flat Proposed Research Natural Area currently consists of 190 species. Ten of these species are considered Species of Special Concern by the Montana Natural Heritage Program and five are Sensitive within Region 1 of the U.S. Forest Service. The occurrence of Antennaria densif olia in the Goat Flat Proposed Research Natural Area is a disjunction of ca . 1850 km from the main part of its range in Canada and is the only site known for this species in Montana or the U.S. Saussurea weberi occurs from Colorado north to southwestern Montana with the Montana population being disjunct from westcentral Wyoming (Dorn 1988) . The population at Goat Flat is the only known occurrence in Montana. 12 The global range of Saxifraga tempestiva currently comprises thirteen locations in southwestern Montana where it is endemic. Four populations of Saxifraga tempestiva are currently known from the Goat Flat Proposed Research Natural Area. The Goat Flat Proposed Research Natural Area lies within both the Upper Subalpine and Alpine vegetation zones. Forests are dominated by Picea engelmannii , Abies lasiocarpa and Larix lyallii . Moist, species-rich herb meadows occur at low elevation near Storm Lake and a variety of herb and dwarf shrub vegetation types occur above treeline in the alpine tundra. Eleven major vegetation types are recognized preliminarily but additional types occur in the area. Additional survey work is needed for both the flora and the vegetation of the Goat Flat Proposed Research Natural Area. » 13 LITERATURE CITED Achuff, P.L. 1991. Plant species of special concern. Montana Natural Heritage Program, Helena, Montana. 20 pp. Achuff, P.L. 1992. Agoseris lackschewitzii (Pink Agoseris) , new to the flora of Canada. Canadian Field-Naturalist (in press) . Bayer, R.J. 1989a. A systematic and phytogeographic study of Antennaria aromatica and A. densif olia (Asteraceae: Inuleae) in the western North American cordillera. Madrono 36: 248- 259. Bayer, R.J. 1989b. Patterns of isozyme variation in western North American Antennaria (Asteraceae: Inuleae). II. Diploid and polyploid species of section Alpinae. American Journal of Botany 76: 679-691. Calkin, F.C. and W.H. Emmons. 1915. U.S.G.S. Geologic Atlas of the United States, Philipsburg Folio, Number 196. Dorn, R.D. 1984. Vascular plants of Montana, Publishing, Cheyenne, Wyoming. 276 pp. Mountain West Dorn, R.D. 1988. Vascular plants of Wyoming. Mountain West Publishing, Cheyenne, Wyoming. 340 pp. Hitchcock, C.L., A. Cronquist, M. Ownbey and J.W. Thompson. 1955- 1969. Vascular plants of the Pacific Northwest, parts 1-5. University of Washington Press, Seattle. Lesica, P. and J.S. Shelly. 1991. Sensitive, threatened and endangered vascular plants of Montana. Montana Natural heritage Program, Helena. 88 pp. 14 APPENDIX 1 - FLORA OF THE GOAT FLAT PROPOSED RNA The following list of plant species is derived from information in the Montana Natural Heritage Program database and from field surveys done in the summer of 1991. The species are arranged alphabetically by family and species. Nomenclature primarily follows Dorn (1984) and Hitchcock et al. (1955-1969). APIACEAE Bupleurum americanum Lomatium ambiquum Lomatium cous Osmorhiza depauperata American thorough-wax swale desert-parsley cous blunt-fruit sweet-cicely ASTERACEAE Achillea millefolium Aqoseris aurantiaca Aqoseris qlauca Aqoseris lackschewitzii Antennaria alpina Antennaria anaphaloides Antennaria densifolia Antennaria lanata Antennaria microphylla Antennaria racemosa Antennaria rosea Arnica cordifolia Arnica diversifolia Arnica mollis Arnica rydberqii Artemisia campestris Aster alpiqenus Chaenactis alpina Eriqeron compositus Eriqeron humilis Eriqeron lanatus Eriqeron pereqrinus Eriqeron simplex Eriqeron subtrinervis Haplopappus lyallii Hieracium qracile Hulsea alqida Saussurea weberi Senecio cvmbalarioides Senecio fremontii Senecio inteqerrimus Senecio luqens Senecio trianqularis yarrow orange agoseris pale agoseris pink agoseris alpine pussytoes tall pussytoes pussytoes wooly pussytoes small-leaved pussytoes raceme pussytoes rosy pussytoes heart-leaf arnica sticky arnica hairy arnica Rydberg's arnica Pacific sagewort alpine aster alpine chaenactis cut-leaved daisy arctic-alpine daisy wooly daisy subalpine daisy alpine daisy three-veined fleabane Lyall's goldenweed slender hawkweed alpine hulsea Weber's sawwort few-leaved groundsel dwarf mountain butterweed western groundsel black-tipped butterweed arrowleaf groundsel 15 Solidaqo multiradiata Solidaqo spathulata northern goldenrod dune goldenrod BORAGINACEAE Eritrichium nanum Mertensia viridis pale alpine forget-me-not green bluebells BRASSICACEAE Arabis lemmonii Arabis lyallii Draba oliqosperma Smelowskia calvcina Lemmon ' s rockcress Lyall's rockcress few-seeded draba alpine smelowskia CAMPANULACEAE Campanula rotundifolia Campanula scabrella harebell rough harebell CARYOPHYLLACEAE Arenaria obtusiloba Arenaria : rossii Cerast lum arvense Cerast lum ac, beerinq ianum Silene aulis arctic sandwort Ross sandwort mouse-ear chickweed alpine chickweed moss campion CRASSULACEAE Sedum lanceolatum Sedum roseum lanceleaved stonecrop roseroot CUPRESSACEAE Juniperus communis common juniper CYPERACEAE Carex atrata Carex elynoides Carex f ilifolia Carex qeyeri Carex lenticularis Carex maritima blackened sedge kobresia-like sedge thread-leaved sedge elk sedge lenticular sedge seaside sedge 16 Carex nardina Carex neurophora Carex nigricans Carex phaeocephala Carex prionophylla Carex scirpoidea Carex scopulorum Eleocharis paucif lora Kobresia myosuroides spikenard sedge alpine nerved sedge black alpine sedge dunhead sedge saw-leaved sedge Canadian single-spike sedge Holm's Rocky Mountain sedge few-flowered spikerush Bellard's kobresia EQUISETACEAE Equisetum arvense field horsetail ERICACEAE Cassiope inertensiana Gaultheria humifusa Kalmia microphylla Ledum qlandulosum Phyllodoce empetriformis Phyllodoce qlandulif lora Rhododendron albif lorum Vaccinium scoparium Mertens ' mountain heather alpine wintergreen small-leaved laurel trapper's tea red mountain-heather yellow mountain-heather white rhododendron grouseberry FABACEAE Astragalus aboriginum Astragalus alpinus Astragalus bourgovii Astragalus miser Hedysarum sulphurescens Lupinus argenteus Oxytropis cusickii Oxytropis viscida Indian milk-vetch alpine milk-vetch Bourgeau's milk-vetch weedy milk-vetch yellow hedysarum silvery lupine Cusick's milk-vetch sticky crazyweed GENTIANACEAE Frasera speciosa Gentiana algida Gentiana calycosa Gentiana prostrata Swertia perennis giant frasera whitish gentian mountain bog gentian moss gentian swertia HYDROPHYLLACEAE Phacelia hastata silverleaf phacelia 17 Phacelia lyallii Lyall's phacelia JUNCACEAE Juncus Juncus Juncus Juncus Luzula Luzula Luzula Luzula drummondii mertensianus parryi tracyi campestris hitchcockii parvif lora spicata Drummond ' s rush Mertens' rush Parryi 's rush Tracy ' s rush field woodrush smooth woodrush small flowered woodrush spiked woodrush LILIACEAE Allium schoenoprasum Erythronium grandif lorum Lloydia serotina Tof ieldia qlutinosa Xerophyllum tenax Zyqadenus eleqans LINACEAE chives glacier lily alpine lily sticky tofieldia beargrass glaucous death-camas Linum perenne wild blue flax ONAGRACEAE Epilobium anagallidi folium alpine fireweed ORCHIDACEAE Habenaria dilatata white bog orchid PINACEAE Abies lasiocarpa Larix lyallii Picea enqelmannii subalpine fir subalpine larch Engelmann spruce POACEAE Danthonia intermedia Deschampsia caespitosa Festuca idahoensis Festuca ovina timber oatgrass tufted hairgrass Idaho fescue sheep fescue 18 Koeleria inacrantha Phleum alpinum Poa alpina Poa cusickii Poa interior Poa nervosa Poa pattersonii Poa rupicola Poa stenantha Trisetum spicatum June grass alpine timothy alpine bluegrass Cusick's bluegrass inland bluegrass Wheeler's bluegrass Patterson's bluegrass timberline bluegrass Trinius' bluegrass spike trisetum POLEMONIACEAE Polemonium viscosum skunk polemonium POLYGONACEAE Erioqonum capistratum var. Erioqonum ovalif olium Oxyria diqyna Polygonum bistortoides Polygonum viviparum muhlickii wild buckwheat oval-leafed eriogonum mountain sorrel western bistort alpine bistort POLYPODIACEAE Cryptoqramma crispa Polystichum kruckebergii parsley fern Kruckeberg's sword fern PORTULACACEAE Claytonia lanceolata var. lanceolata western springbeauty Claytonia megarhiza alpine springbeauty Lewisia pygmaea dwarf lewisia PRIMULACEAE Androsace septentrional is Dodecatheon conjugens Dodecatheon jef f reyi Dodecatheon pulchellum Douglasia montana Primula parryi fairy candelabra slimpod shooting star Jeffrey's shooting star few-flowered shooting star Rocky Mountain douglasia Parry's primrose RANUNCULACEAE 19 Anemone lithophila Anemone multif ida Anemone patens Aquileqia f lavescens Caltha leptosepala Delphinium bicolor Ranunculus eschscholtzii Thalictrum occidentale Trollius albif lorus Drummond ' s anemone cut-leaved anemone pasque flower yellow columbine elkslip Montana larkspur subalpine buttercup western meadowrue American globeflower ROSACEAE Dryas octopetala Fragaria virqiniana Geum rossii Potentilla diversifolia Potentilla f issa Potentilla f ruticosa Potentilla gracilis Sibbaldia procumbens white mountain avens common strawberry Ross' avens diverse-leaved cinquefoil cinquef oil shrubby cinquefoil slender cinquefoil creeping sibbaldia SALICACEAE Salix boothii Salix cascadensis Salix reticulata Salix farriae Salix wolf ii var, ssp. nivalis wolf ii Booth's willow cascade willow snow willow Farr's willow Wolf's willow SAXIFRAGACEAE Lithophraqma parvif lora Mitella pentandra Parnassia f imbriata Ribes montiqenum Saxif raqa bronchialis Saxifraqa lyallii Saxifraqa odontoloma Saxifraqa rhomboidea Saxifraqa tempestiva smallflower fringecup alpine mitrewort fringed grass-of-parnassus mountain gooseberry spotted saxifrage red-stemmed saxifrage brook saxifrage diamondleaf saxifrage storm saxifrage SCROPHULARIACEAE Besseva wyominqensis Castilleia crista-qali Castilleia miniata Wyoming besseya cockscomb paintbrush scarlet paintbrush 20 Chionophila tweedyi Pedicularis bracteosa Pedicularis contorta Pedicularis qroenlandica Pedicularis pulchella Penstemon attenuatus Synthyris pinnatif ida Veronica wormskjoldii chionophila bracted lousewort white coiled-beak lousewort elephant's head pretty dwarf lousewort sulphur penstemon cut-leaf synthyris alpine speedwell SELAGINELLACEAE Selaqinella selaqinoides lesser clubmoss VALERIANACEAE Valeriana sitchensis Sitka valerian VIOLACEAE Viola nephrophylla kidney-leaved violet » 21 APPENDIX 2 - LOCATIONS OF SPECIAL PLANT SPECIES 22 Location of Aqoseris lacks chewitzii in the Goat Flat PRNA. 23 Location of Antennaria densifolia in the Goat Flat PRNA. 24 Location of Carex maritima in the Goat Flat PRNA. 25 Location of Gentiana prostrata in the Goat Flat PRNA, 26 Location of Polystichum kruckeberqii in the Goat Flat PRNA. 27 Location of Salix cascadensis in the Goat Flat PRNA, Location of Salix wolfii var. wolfii in the Goat Flat PRNA, 29 Location of Saussurea weberi in the Goat Flat PRNA. 30 Location of Saxifraqa tempestiva in the Goat Flat PRNA, 31 Location of Selaqinella selaqinoides in the Goat Flat PRNA. ..,.;.f;rv,J-':- .■i^''<,: ,-,■^ ..''»V" *---*^^-^f' ■■-■ '^^ • -■>./\'!- ^--t'?' 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