I ( I i 1 /* I I 1 I i 1 6'^mSH MUSEUM (NATURAL HISTORY) 2 2 DEC 1989 PURCHASED ZOOLOGY UBRARY Index to volume 82 1989 Binding Volumes for binding should be sent not to the publishers but direct to the binders, Chapman Brooks Bookbinders Ltd. The charge is £14.75 per volume, which includes the cost of packing and return postage (UK only). The binding will be in the same style as in previous years, with the volume number blocked in Arabic numerals; earlier volumes can also be bound at this rate. Please complete the form on the back cover and send it with all the parts and the correct money to: Chapman Brooks Bookbinders Ltd 173 Elmers End Road Beckenham Kent BR3 4SZ Please complete the binding form on the back cover and note that orders for binding are not to be sent to the publishers British Birds i T:SH M'JSEUfv. (iiATU3AL HISTORY) 2 2 DEC 1989 PURCHASED ZOOLOGY UBRARY Editorial Board R. J. Chandler M. A. Ogilvie R. J. Pr)'therch J. T. R. Sharrock Photographic Consultants R. J. Chandler and Don Smith Ari Consultants Robert Gillmor and Alan Harris \"olume 82 1989 British Birds Ltd Editorial Staff Dr J. r. R. Sharrock (Managing Editor), Dr Mark Boyd (to 7th March) & David A. Christie (Assistant Editors), Mrs S. D. Cobban (Personal Assistant to Dr Sharrock), Mrs Viv Lloyd (to 21st September) & Mrs Bonny Shirley (from 25th September) CArculation Staff Mrs Erika Sharrock (Circulation Manager), Mrs Alison Breach & Mrs Bonny Shirley Rarities Committee P. G. Lansdown (Chairman), D. J. Britton, Alan Brown, A. R. Dean, S.J. M. (iantlett, C. 1). R. Heard (from 1st April), R. A. Hume, E. P. Inskipp (to 31st March), J. H. Marchant, 1. S. Robertson & K. E. V'inicombe; Peter Colston (Museum Consultant & Archivist); Michael J. lingers (Honorar)' Secretary) Behaviour Notes Panel Dr Ch J. Bibby, Dr J. J. M. Elegg, Derek Cioodwin, Dr I. Newton, Dr M. A. Ogilvie, Dr J. E. R. Sharrock & Dr K. E. L. Simmons Identification Notes Panel Dr R. J. Chandler, A. R. Dean, E. P. Inskipp, P. G. Lansdown, S. C. Madge & Dr J. 1'. R. Sharrock List of line-drawings i> \(;i s 1 (iray Cathird {D. (i Milchell) S (aill-billfd IVrn [Alan Harris) 35 Richard Richardson {Hryan liland) 42 liliic-vvint5ed I'cal; W’hiic-rumpcd Sand|)ipcr (7! Worfolk) 47 Red (iroiise and Avocet {Robert Gillmor) 48 Wren {!). Xiimex) 56 (ioshawk {Anon.) 89 Itirdcrafl los^o {Mike Everett) 93 Hen Harrier {Rhilip Snoiv) 97 Araliian Warhler {Alan Hants) 121 Red-eyed N’ireo {.Man Hants) 124 Hoopoe {Phil Jones) 125 Red-rimi})ed Swallows and Swallow (/. P. P. Wilcznr) 126 Arctic Warhler {K. .4. II'/Ayw) 127 Isahelline Shrike (.4.^. Mackay) 128 Northern I’ariila {T. Woijolk) 143 Pomarine Skuas {Lars jon.s.son) 183 Waxwing {.Martin Hallain) 186 Ring-necked Duck {Guy Thompson) 188 Little Auk {Dave Pullan) 191 Sahine’s Gull, Kittiwake. Little Gull and Grey Phalarope {R. .4. Hume) 210 Naniaciua Dove {.Man Harris) 232 Long-tailed Duck (ILflvwe /'o/y/) 233 Ferruginous Duck and Red-crested Pochard {Phi! Jones) 239 Marsh Warhler {Gordon Tninkpeld) 283 H(K>poe (/. P. P. WVczur) 285 Surf Scoter {Phil Jones) 287 Forster's Fern and Hlack-headed Gulls (/. P. P. Il7/cc«r) 289 Golden-winged Warhler {Dave Suniey) 292 Rough-legged Buzzard {R. .\l. George) 293 Kentish Plover {R. E. Slade) 296 Black Ferns {Guy Troughton) 339 Richard Richardson {Rnan Bland) 340-45 Bird li i.rs irator of thk Vf.ar 1989: Pied Wagtail; Garganeys and l eal; White-tailed Eagle {John Co.x): Jackdaws; Moorhens {.Mark Hulme): Little Stint; Black-headed Gulls {G. B. Brmvn): Fieldfares and Hen Harrier {Stefshen .Message): Waxw ings {Darren Rees): Ringed Plovers {Stephen .Message): Gonimon Gull with Black-headed Gulls {Jan 1 1 ’ilczur) 355 Satid Martin and I ufied Ducks {B. l\’e.StlV(MHl) 356 King Eider. Eiders and Goinmon Scoters {Jan W'ilczur) 359 Northern Oriole {Jan U'ilczur) 360 Long-toed Stint {Xonnan .Mlott) 391 Red-necked Stint {Erik van Ommen) 396 Lesser C’rested Fern with Sandwich Fern {Darren Rees) 399 Cairlew Sandpipers {John Davis) 427 Ring Ouzel {Phil Jones) 429 Surf Scoter (.S'. R. Gole) 431 Little Gulls {Phil Jones) 432 Whealear and Desert Wheatear {Jan U'ilczur) 442 Little Bitterns {R. P. iMinbe) 455 Red-footed Falcon {William S. .Morion) 459 \\ hiskered Fern {Phil Jones) 462 Dotterels {Phil Jones) 477 Bittern {.\icholas Pike) 492 Black-winged Stilts {.\icholas Pike) 493 Dotterels {Ernie I^ahr) 502 Golden Orioles {.\'ik Borrow) bll Quail {Paul S terry) 580 Ferek Sandpiper {Jan Uliczur) 581 Great Snipe (jefl Higgott) 582 Red-footed Falcon {Jan U'ilczur) 583 Magpies (A’. H. E. Eranklin) 603 Daurian Starling {Dai'e Suddaby) 632 Pomarine Skua {Phil Jone.s) 633 Stilt .Sandpiper {Bill Morton): Long- tailed -Skua (A. Baldridge) 634 Ri\er Warhler {Dave Xumey) 635 White-winged Black Tern {Julian Hough): Pacific Golden Plover {Sean Cole) Index to volume 82 Compiled by Mrs D. Blamire Entries are in single list with reference to; (1) ever\ significant mention of each species, not only in titles, but also within the text of papers, notes and letters, including all those appearing in such lists as the ‘Report on rare birds in Great Britain in 1988’, but excluding those in ‘Monthly reports’, ‘Recent reports’, ‘News and comment’, requests and reviews; (2) scientific nomenclature under generic names onK and following The "British Birds' List of Birds of the Il b/mt Palearctic (1984); (3) authors of all papers, notes, reviews and letters, and photogra|ihers; papers are referred to by their titles, other contributions as ‘note on’, ‘review of, etc.; (4) a few subject headings, i.e. ‘Announcements’, ‘Breeding’, ‘Display’, ‘Editorials’, ‘Field characters’, ‘Food’, ‘News and comment’, ‘Obituaries’, ‘Rarities Ciommittee’, ‘Recorders’, ‘Recent reports’, ‘Requests’, ‘Roosting’ and ‘N'oice’; (5) ‘Reviews’ and ‘Short reviews’, which are listed together under these headings in alphabetical order of authors reviewed. .Accentor, .Alpine, European news, 21, 349 , Black-throated, European news, 21 , Siberian, European news, 21, 349 Aecipiter gentilis, see (ioshawk nisus, see Sparrowhawk .Acklam, Geoffrey H., European news, 14-25 Acrocephalus agricola, see Warbler, Paddyfield arundinaceus, see Warbler, (ireat Reed diimetorum, see Warbler, Blyth’s Reed nielanopogon. see Warbler, Moustached paliidicola, see Warbler, .Aquatic pahistris, see Warbler, Marsh scirpaceus, see Warbler, Reed Actitis macularia, see Sandpiper, Spotted Aegithalos caudatus, see fit, Eong-tailed .4/.V sponsa, see Duck, Wood .Akers, P. (E, see Ghown, D. J. Alauda atvensis, see Sk\ lark .Albatross, accepted records 1986-8, 508 , Black-browed, European news, 14; summering in Shetland 1987, 483 Alca torda, see Razorbill Alcedo atthis, see Kingfisher Alectoris nfa, see Partridge, Red-legged .Alexander, S. .M. 1)., |)hotograph of .Amer- ican Robin, 237, plate 157; of Iceland (itill, 294, plate 191 Alle alle, see ,\uk, Eiltle .Allport, .Andrew .M., and C.arroll, David, Eittle Bitterns breeding in South A’ork- shire, 442-6 .Allsopp, Keith, Dawson, Ian, and .Night- ingale, Barry, monthly reports, see Monthly reports .Alstrdm, Per, identification of marsh terns in Juvenile and winter plumages, 296-319, plates 196-230 , , and Olsson, Urban, the identi- fication ofju\enile Red-necked and Eong- toed Stints, 360-72, plates 249-69 .Alvin, Norman .A., note on Starlings attack- ing .Swifts in flight, 1 18 Ammodramus sandwichensis, see Sparrow, Savannah Ammomanes desert i, see Eark, Desert Anas acuta, see Pintail aiiiericana, see Wigeon, .American crecca, see l eal discors, see l eal. Blue-winged peiielope, see AA'igeon platyrhynchos, see Mallard querquedida, see (iarganey ndmpes, see Duck, .American Black •Andersen, 11. Harrestrup, letter on first E.uropean record of Dead Sea S|iarrow, 380- 1 638 Index la I ’olnnie 82 639 Andersen, Lars N’ormaard, see Dissint;, Hen- rik AnnounceinetKs: fifth Italian Congress, XI International Clonference on Bird Census and .Atlas Work, thank you, Collins, Cdiristopher Helm and Ol'B, why order hooks from British Bird.Shop?, free advertising for suhseribers, front cover designs for sale, photographs and draw- ings may be for sale. Bird Photograph of the War, best recent black-and-white bird- photographs, Bird Illustrator of the Year, the I3C’ .Award, the Richard Richardson .\ward, liiiri l(lentifu(ilioii, special offers through British BirdShop, 32-5; A'oung Ornithologists of the 5’ear, when does your subscription become due?, your IW reference number, sorry , overseas subscri- bers, free IW subscriiJtions for County Bird Recorders, binding your HH, forth- coming /?/i-Sunbird trips, Bb-8; win free BIh for life?. International Bird Identifica- tion .Meeting, liirdwalc/iint’ with Bill ()ddii\ 120; Christmas Pu/./le: the solution, win free IBh for life, colour-marked waders: an amendment, 179-80; XX IOC, back issues special reduced prices. Red-backed Shrikes, Rare Birds in Britain and Ireland exclusive, special, prepublication olfer, 225-6; exclusive special offer Rare Birds in Britain and Ireland, back issues special reduced prices, O.SMF, opts out, 278-9; win free B!h for life. Rare Birds in Britain and Ireland, 334; Wf.Sunbird trip to fhailand. Best Days with British Birds, 385; /J/J-.Sunbird tour of Egypt, 420; Best Days with British Birds, special /}/fSunbird trips, 449; the big red stripe, 572; thank you to our sponsors, winners of free BB subscriptions for life, binding your BB, Bird Photograph of the A’ear, best recent black-and-white bird-photographs. Bird Illustrator of the A ear, 628-9 .Anon., CJoshawk breeding habitat in low- land Britain, 56-67, plates 40-44 .■\nser anser, see Cioose, Crey lag erythropns, see (Joose, Lesser White- fronted indicus, see (u)ose. Bar-headed rossii, see CJoose, Ross's Anthus herthelotii, see Pipit, Berthelot's cen'iniis, see Pipit, Red-throated ^ustm’i, see Pipit, Pechora hodjrsoni, see Pipit, Olive-backed novaeseelandiae, see Pipit, Richard's petrosas, see Pipit, Rock nifescetis, see Pipit, .\merican spinoletta, see Pipit, Water trii'ialis, see Pipit, Tree Apus (iffinis, see Swift, Little apus, see Swift (a(fer, see Swift, Whiie-rumped melba, see .Swift, .Alpine pallidas, see Swift, Pallid .AqaiUi clanga, see Eagle, Spotted heliaca, see Eagle, Imperial pomarina, see Eagle, Lesser Spotted rapa\, see Eagle, f awtiy/Steppe Ardea cinerea, see Heron, Cirey Ardeola ralloides, see Heron, Squacco Ardeotis arabs, see Bustard, .Arabian .Ashdown, Paddy, The Democrats, conserva- tion and British birds, 434-6, plate 291 Asia flamnieus. see Owl, Short -eared Athene noctaa, see Owl, Little .Atkin, Keith, photograph of Whiskered Pern, 301, plate I9(i; of White-winged Black Pern, 310, plate 216; of Black Pern, 313, plate 221 .Auk, Little, European news, 20, 328; British records after October 1987 storm, 197, 205 .Avocet, British breeding records 1987, 492 ,\ythya affinis, see Scaup, Lesser collaris. see Duck, Ring-necked feiina, see Pochard fuli^ala, see Duck, Pufted inarila, see Scaup nyroca, see Duck, Perruginous Baird, John .A., note on impact impressions left bv birds on windows, 566-7, plates 342-3’ Barthel, Peter, see Hill, .Alistair Bartramia longicaada, see Sandpiper, L'pland Bateleur, European news, 324 Batten, Leo, see Clement, Peter Baumanis, L, European news, 14-25, 321-9, 349-55 Bee-eater, accepted records 1987-8, 535 , Blue-cheeked, Bird Photograph of the A'ear 1989, 263, plate 166; accepted record 1987, 535 Bennett, C. J. L., European news, 14-25 Berg, Hans-Martin, European news, 14-25, 321-9, 349-55 Best recent black-and-white bird photo- graphs, 44i2-72, plates 305-19 Bignal, Eric, and Withers, Martin, note on egg removal by nesting Chough, 567-8, plate 344 Billett, .A. P,., note on unusual nest-site of Siskin, 81 Bird Illustrator of the A’ear 1989, 339-46; award presentation, 576, plates 346-7 640 Index to I "olume 82 Birdcrafl: 2, pishing and squeaking, 89-91 Bird Photograph of the ^'ear 1989, 261-8, plates 166-73 Birkhead, V. R., studies of West Palearctic birds 189; Magpie, 583-600, plates 353-8 Bittern, European news, 14, 321-2; British breeding records 1987, 483 , Little, European news, 322; breeding in South Yorkshire 1984, 442-6; accepted records 1987-8, 510 Blackbird, attacking scorpion, 77; inonthh' marathon, 190, plate 126; photograph, 469, plate 3 1 7 Blackcap, female passing material from Long-tailed fit nest to male, 117-8 Blincow, TelT, photosiraph of Kins; Eider, 458, plate 299 Bluetail, Red-flanked, accepted record 1988, 540, 545, plates 333-4 Boardman, Peter, photograph of Spoonbill, 186, plate 1 24 Boddy, M., photographs of Red-flanked Bluetail, 545, plates 333-4 Bond, C2, photograph of Isabelline Wheatear, 134, plate 87 Bomtncilla t’amdus, see W’axwing Bond, Pony, letter on black-and-white bird- photographs, 277; photograph of Ou ster- catcher, 462, plate 306; of House Martins, 464, plate 307; of (irey Phalarope, 467, plate 313; of Magpie, 597, plate 356 Booby, Red-footed, European news, 321 Bolaunis stellaris, see Bittern Bourne, W. R. P., letter on cuts at the BM, 416-7 Bowes, David, photograph of stint accepted as Semipalmated Sandpiper, 376, plate 271 Box, r. A., photograph of Gull-billed Tern, 5, plate 4 Boyd, Mark, mystery photograph 140: Aquatic Warbler, 68-9; review of Mearns and Mearns: Biographies for Birdwatchers, 383-4 Bradshaw, Colin, myster)’ photograph 141: riirush Nightingale, 1 13-5, plate 70; mys- tery photograph 148: Little Bunting, 472- 4, plate 320 Brambling, British breeding records 1987, 503 Branla heniicia, see Goose, Brent Icucopsis, see Goose, Barnacle nificollis, see Goose, Red-breasted Breeding: Little Bittern, 442-6; Namatpia Dove, 210-19, jjlates 136-46; Magpie, 583- 600, plates 353-8 Nests: Goshawk, 56-67, plates 40-44; I lobby, 619, jdate 372; Blue fit, 80, plate 54; Ghough, 567-8, plate 341; Siskin, 81 Bristow, ,»Phil, note on Ring-billed Gulls apparently feeding on gulls’ droppings, 77 ‘British Birds’ Best Bird Book of the 5'ear, 450 Brodie, Ewan, photograph of Aquatic Warb- ler, 26, 69, plate 15, 46 Brown, Alan, mystery photograph 147: Greenshank, 410-1 Brown, B. J., note on feeding behaviour of Collared El)catcher, 223-4, plate 151 Brown, George, 3rd place. Bird Illustrator of the 5'ear 1989, 339-46; award presenta- tion, 576, plate 347 Bruun, Jens B., photograph of Pomarine Skua, 148, plate 93 Bubo bubo, see Owl, Eagle Bubulcus ibis, see Egret, Cattle Bucauetes githagineus, see Einch, 4’rumpeter Bucephala albeola, see Bulllehead clatigula, see Goldeneye islandica, see Goldeneye, Barrow’s BuOlehead, European news, 15 Bulbul, White-cheeked, European news, 21 Bullfinch, European news, 23, 354 Bundy, G., photograph of (jraceful Warbler, 79, plate 52 Bunting, Black-faced, photograph, 23, plate 13 Black-headed, European news, 23-4, 354; accepted records 1987-8, 559 , Cihestnut, European news, 24 , Curl, European news, 24; British breeding records 1987, 504 , Corn, European news, 354 , Indigo, photograph, 131, plate 81 , Little, European news, 24, 354; mys- ter) photograph, 411, 472, plate 283, 320; accepted records 1985-8, 546, 558, plate338 , Pine, European news, 23, 354, plate 12; accepted records 1983-8, 557 , Reed, European news, 24, 354 , Rustic, European news, 354; accepted records 1987-8, 557-8 , Snow, British breeding records 1987, 504 , 5'ellow-breasted, accepted records 1984-8, 558-9 , \’ellow-browed, accepted record 1985, 557 Burhimts oediaienius, see Stone-curlew Burn, Hilar)', review of Somerset Ornitholo- gical Society: Birds oj Somerset, 625 Burton, Robert, review ofEurness: The Skuas, 180-1 Bustard, Arabian, I’uropean news, 17 , Great, Euro|)ean news, 325 , Houbara, European news, 324-5 Buteo buteo, see Buzzard lagopus, see Buzzard, Rougb-legged nifimts, see Buzzard, Long-legged Index to I olume 82 641 Huteo sxvaimoni, see Hawk, Swainson’s Butler, Andrew S„ myster\ photograph 143: Berthelot’s Pipit, 209-10, plate 134; PhotoSpot 28: C:anar\- Islands COianinch, 474-5, plates 322-3 Hutorides shiat us, see Heron, (ireen-baeked Buzzard, apparently catching eel, 01 8 , Honey, British breeding records 1987, 480-7 l-ong-legged, Kuropean news, 10; monthly marathon, 88 , Rough-legged, summering in Britain 1987,488 Buzzard, (J. (i., note on Magpies eating potatoes, 020-1 Calaudrelln hrachydactyla, see Lark, Short-toed Calidris uaiiuiuala, see Sandpiper, Sharj)- t ailed alfnna, see Dunlin hairdii, see Sandpiper, Baird’s fenvgiuea, see Sandpiper, Curlew Jusdcollis. see Sandpiper, White-rumped numtima, see Sandpiper, Purple maun, see Sandpiper, Western melanotos, see Sandpiper, Pectoral minuta, see Stint, Little miuulilla, see Sandpiper, Least pusilla, see Sandpiper, Semipalmated nificollis, see Stint, Red-necked subminuta, see Stint, Lotig-toed temminckii, see Stint, I'emminck's temdrostris, see Knot, Great (.'olomrtiis diomedea, see Shearwater, Cairo 's Cant, R. G. H., note on interaction between Sparrowhawk and Magpies, 110-7 Carduetis carduetis, see (ioldfinch ftammea, see Redpoll homemanni, see Redpoll, Arctic spinus, see Siskin Carlson, Kevin, photograph of Montagu's Harrier, 200, plate 172 Carpodacus nythiinus, see Rosefinch. Scarlet sMioicus, see Rosefinch, Sinai Carroll, David, see Allport, Andrew M. Catbird, CJray, in Co. Cork, \o\ ember 1980, 1-3, plate 1 Calhanis ‘’ullalus, see I'hrush, Hermit minimus, see 1 hrush, Gray-cheeked uslulatus, see 'I'hrush, .Swainson's Catlev, Graham P., monthly marathon photograph credit, 30; letter on the Felix- stowe stint, 375-7, plates 270-3 Calfiia brachydactyla, see IVeecreeper, Short- toed Cettia cetli, see Warbler, Cetti's CdialFmch, C:anar\ Islands, PhotoSpot, 474- 5, plates 322-3 Chandler, R. J., photograph of .\rctic Skua, 153, plate 102; mysten photograph 144: (irey-headed (iull. 258-00. plate 102; photographs of Black-headed Gull, 259, plates 103-4; of Black ferns, 310, plates 220-7; of Fan-tailed Warbler, 390, plate 270; of Curlew Sandpiper, 401, 400, plates 280-1; of Rarities C'ommittee, 419, plate 284; review of Delin and S\ensson: The Photographic Guide to the Birds of Britain and Europe, 332-3; photograph of Bridled Fern, 532, plate 327; mysters photograph 149; Hudsonian (iodwit, 001-2 , , et at.. Bird Photograph of the 5’ear, 201-8, plates 100-73; best recent black-and-white bird photographs, 402- 72, plates 305-19 Gharadrius atexandrinus, see Plo\er, Kentish asiaticus, see Plo\er, Caspian leschenaultii, see Plo\er, (Greater .Sand mongolus, see Plo\er, Lesser Sand monnellus, see Dotterel pallidus. see Plover, Chestnut-banded Sand pecuarius, see Plover, Kittlitz's — — vocifenis, see Killdeer Ghersophilus duponti. see Lark. Dupont's Ghettusia gregaria, see Plover, Sociable leucura, see Plover, White-tailed Chiffchaff, Kuropean news, 353; eaten b\ Western Reef Heron, 504 Ghiamydotis undidata, see Bustard. Houbara Chlidonias hyinidus, see Tern. Whiskered leucopterus, see Fern. White-winged Black niger, see Fern. Black Chough. remo\ing unhatched egg from nest; 507-8. plate 344 Chown. D. J., and .\kers. P. G.. note on inland .Mediterranean Gulls. 271 Christie, David .\., review of Holzinger: Die I ogel Baden- 1 1 liiltembergs. Band 1 , 024-5 , , see Hume. R. .\. Christophersen, Erik, photograph of Long- tailed Skua. 104. plate 114 Chudleigh, Brian, photograph of Hudsonian Godwit. 474, 002. plate 321. 300 Ciconia nigra, see .Stork, Black Ciochia, X'ictor, F.uropean news. 14-25 Gircus aentginosus. see Harrier. Marsh cyaneus, see Harrier, Hen macrounis, see Harrier. Pallid pygargus, see Harrier, Montagu’s Cisticola Juncidis, see Warbler. Fan-tailed Clamator glandarius, see Cuckoo. Cireat Spot- ted Clangula hyemalis. see Duck, Long-tailed 642 Index to Volume 82 Clarke, Andrew W., Kuropean news, 321-9, 349-55 Clarke, Roger, note on early Reed Warbler in Hen Harrier pellet, 31 Clasper, Brian, note on Ring-billed Ciull displaying to Common Gull, 447, plate 294 Cleere, photograph of Penduline Tit, 131, plate 80 Clement, Peter, and Batten, Leo, letter on the identification of large terns, 411-3 Cobb, Xick. photograph of Eagle Owl, 389, plate 275; of Red-footed Falcon, 578, plate 348 Cobban, Sheila D., review of Samstag: Fur Love of Birds, 384; diar\- dates, see Diar\ dates Cnccothraustes coccothraustes, see Hawfinch Coccyzus amerkanus, see Caickoo, \’ellow-billed Coot, European news, 17 Coracias ganiilus, see Roller Clonnorant, European news, 14, 321; roosting on cables, 219-20, plate 147 , Double-crested, photographs, 284, plates 180-2 , Pygmy, European news, 321 C'orncrake, British breeding records 1987, 491-2 Corrections, 636 Cori'us corax, see Ra\ en frugilegus, see Rook Cottridge, David NL, review of Pemberton: 77ie Birdwatcher’s Yearbook and Diaiy 1989, 135; photographs of Red-necked Stint, 392-3, plates 277-9; of Bird Photograph of the \'ear awards, 426, plate 286 Canirser, Caeam-coloured, Euro|)ean news, 325 Coluniix colunii\, see Quail Cauilts, John, jihotographs of Long-tailed Skua, 40-1, plales 22-3 Cowbird, Brown-headed, European news, 354 Cowley, E., note on Black-headed (iull in summer plumage in December, 565 Cox, John, Bird Illustrator of the 5’ear 1989, 339-46; award [iresentation, 576, plates 346-7 Oake, Baillon’s, European news, 16; |ohoto- gra|)hs, 461, plates 303-4 , Little, f'uropean news, 16 , Spoiled, Brilish breeding records 1987,491 Crane, European news, 17, 324; pholograph, 12, plate 24; accepted recorris 1983-7, 520 (,'rc\ cre\, see Corncrake Crossbill, European news, 23, 354 , fwo-barred, European news, 23; accepted records 1984-5, 556 Croucher, Pony, photograph of Sabine’s (julls and (jre\' Phalarope, 199, plate 128; of White-winged Black fern, 310, plate 215 Caibitt, M. (L, photograph of Radde’s Warb- ler, 552, plate 339 Caickoo, mating behaviour, 178 , (ireat Spotted, European news, 20 , 5'ellow-billed, accepted record 1987, 533 Ciiculiis canorus, see Caickoo Culley, Stephen, photograph of Penduline 1 it, 581, plate 352 Cundall, A. Winspear, |:ihotograph of Marsh Warblers, 253, plate 161 fairlew, jjhotograph, 470, |)late 318 , Slender-billed, European news, 18, 326 Cursoriiis cursor, see Courser, C!ream-coloured Cygnus cohanbianus, see Svsan, Bexs ick’s cygnus, see Swan, Whooper Dalton, Stephen, note on Blue fit nesting in old Blackbird nest, 80, plate 54 Da\en|jort, L. J., note on Meadow Pipit e\ading Merlin b\ settling near human being, 179 Davey, P., |)hotograph of .\orthern Water- thrush, 131, plate 79 Davis, I'im, review of Cady and Hume: The Cowfdete Book of British Birds, 38 1 -2 Dawson, Ian, |)roduct report, 70-1; review of (Jooders: The Conifclete Birdwatcher's (iuide, 280-1; of OgiKie and Winter: Best Days with British Birds, 573 , , see Allsopj), Keith Dean, A. R., and the Raritie.s Committee, note on distinguishing characters of American/l'.ast Asian race of (iommon ■Scoter, 615-6 Dean, I'im, note on Sk\lark in continuous song whilst being attacked by Merlin, 31; on (iiiillemot with complete dark neck- band, 271-2, jtlates 175-6 de Juana, Eduardo, European news, 14-25, 321-9, 349-,55 Delichon urbiea, see Martin. House de Liedekerke, Rene, Eurojiean news, 14-25, 321-9, 349- .55 Dendrocopos leucotos, see Woodjtecker, \\ bite- backed Dendroica coronata, see Warbler, 5 ellow- rumped pahnaruin. see Warbler, Palm striata, see Warbler, Black|)oll Index to I olitnie 82 643 l)f Riclcler, J.. pliolo^raph of Wliiif-wingecl Black 'I'crn, !51(), plalc 217 Diaiy dates, 279-80; (il2-!i Dickcissel, on ‘Ql',2’, 569 Diomedea melmiophris, see .Albatross. Black- browed Display; King Eider, 446 Dissing, Henrik, and Andersen, bars ,\or- j^iiard, Knropean news, 14-25, 321-9, 349- 55 l)i\er, (ireat Nortbern, |)lioto^raj)b, 233, ])late 152; summering in Scotland, 1987, 481 , White-billed, Kuro|}ean news. 321; accepted records 1983-8, 508 Dodd, Andrew M., lloldswortb, Paul, and (ioodyer, Nick, note on unusutil flight- bathing beba\iour by (beensbanks, 28 Doherty, P. .A., pbotognipli of (bill-billed Pern, 9, plate 7; of .Sinai Rosehnch, 53-4. [rlates 36-9; of (bacel'ul Warbler, 78-9. |>lates 50, 53; of Scrub Warbler, 78, plate 51; monthly marathon photograph credit, 88; photographs of.N'amaqua Do\e, 213-5, plates 137-8, 142; 3rd place. Bird Photo- graph of the A’ear 1989. 264, plate 168; award presentation, 426, plate 286; photo- graphs of Whiskered I'erns. 303, 309, plates 198, 212; of White-winged Black Perns, 313, |)late 220; ol (Jreen-backed Heron, 338, plate 236 Dotterel, Puropean news, 18; photograph. 429, plate 288; British breeding records 1987, 493 Dove, Collared, Puropean news. 20. 328 , Paughing, European news, 20, 328 . .Mourning, on ■QP2', 569 . Namac|ua, breeding in Israel, 210-19 (& 636), plates 136-46 , Rufous Pintle, European news, 20, 328 Dowitcher. European news, 326 . Eong-billed, European news, 326; accepted records 1987-8, 526 , Short-billed, monthly marathon, 88. plate 56 Drake. Cdiristopher R.. Young Ornithologist of the Year 1988, 86; award presentation, 139. plate 89 Divinas ardetda, see Plover, Crab Diyocopiis niartiu.s, see Woodpecker, Black Dubois, Philippe J.. European news. 14-25. 321-9,349-55 Duck. .American Black. European news. 323 , Perruginous, Euroiiean news. 323 . Harlequin, European news. 15. 323; accepted record 1987, 518 , Eong-tailed, European news. 15, 323; photograph. 285. plate 183 Duck, Ring-necked, European news, 15, 323; photograph. 358, plate 248; accepted re- cords 1987-8, 516 , Ruddy, European news. 16, 323 , 1 lifted, European news. 15 . White-headed, European news, 16. 323 — — -, Wood. European news, 323 Dumeklhi carolinensis. see Catbird, (ira\ Duncan, R. ,\., note on Pree Pipit with Pawns Pipit measurements. 221-3, plates 149-.50 Dunlin, tidult with pale legs. 268; European news, 325 Dunnock. monthls marathon, 238. plate 158; Etiropean news, 349 Eagle, Booted, European news. 324 , Imperial. European news, 16, 324 , l.esser .Spotted. Euro])ean news. 16 , .Short-toed, European news. Hi . Spotted, European news, 16 . 1 awtiy/.Stepjje, European news. 324; migrants taking prey disturbed by farm m;ichiner\ , 330 . White-tailed, European news. 324; British breeding records 1987. 487; accepted records 1988. 519-20 Editorial: congratulations. RSPB!. 47-8; 433 Egret, Ciattle, accepted records 1986-8, 511 . (Meat White. European news, 14; feeding in wake and robbing Black- headed (bills, 27; photograph, 457. plate 297; accepted records 1988. 513 . l.ittle. European news. 14. 322;- accepted records 1985-8. 511-3 F.girtln alba, see Egret. (Meat White gorzetta. see P'gret. Eittle giilaris. see Heron, Western Reef Eichstiidt, W.. European news. 14-25, 321-9. 349-55 Eider, early wing moult, 71-2; European news, 323 , King, European news, 15. 323; mys- ten photograph, 115. 176, plate 71. 120; displaying to Eiders. 446; photograph, 458, plate 299; accepted records. 1986-8, 517-8 . Steller's. European news. 15 F.lamts caendeus. see Kite. Black-shouldered Emberiza aureola, see Bunting, Yellow- breasted chnsophns. see Bunting. A’ellow -browed drills, see Bunting, Carl leucocepbalos. see Bunting, Pine melaiwcephala. see Bunting. Black- headed 644 Index to Volume 82 Emberiza piisilla. see Bunting, Little nistico, see Bunting, Rustic nilila, see Bunting, Cihestnut schoeuichis, see Bunting, Reeci Kinmerson, Keith, and Martin, Aurelio, Kuropean news, 14-25, 321-9, 349-55 Eremalauda dunni, see Lark, Dunn’s Kriksen, Hanne, Bird Photograph of the 5'ear 1989, 263, plate 166; award presen- tation, 426, plate 286 Eitudice malabarica, see SiKerbill, Indian Fatropean news, 14-25, plates 11-13; 321-9, 349-55, plates 239-45 F\ans, C3i\e, note on Little (iulls associat- ing with auks in winter, 373 lAerett, Mike, re\iew of (ioodnian and Meininger; The Birds of Egypl, 450-1 , , see Pr\ therch, Robin Fwins. P. J., note on Ra\en foot-paddling, 331 Eedco chermg, see Saker columbaiius, see Merlin eleonorae, see Falcon, Fleonora's iiaumaiini, see Kestrel, Lesser pere^iinus, see Peregrine iKsticolus, see (iyrfalcon subbuteo, see Hobby linmtmidus^ see Kestrel vespertiniis, see Falcon, Red-footed Falcon, Fleonora’s, Furopean news, 16, 324 , Red-footed, Furopean news, 16-17, plate 11; photographs, 456, 578-9, plates 296, 348-9; accepted records 1987-8, 520; photographs, 578-9, plates 348-9 Eicedidci albicollis. see Flycatcher, Ciollared hypoleucn, see Flycatcher, Pied pau'a, see Flycatcher, Red-breasted Field-characters: Common Scoter, 615-6; Semipalmated Sandpiper, 362-9, plates 253, 255; Western Sandpiper, 366, 369, |:)late 258; Red-necked Stint, 360-9, plates 249-52, 254, 256-7, 269; Fittle Stint, 360-2; Fong-toed Stint, 366-72, plates 259, 261, 263-4, 268; Least Sandpiper, 367-72, pla- tes 260, 262, 265-7; Swinhoe’s Snipe, 269, plate 174; Pomarine Skua, 143-76, plates 91-6; Arctic Skua, 143-76, plates 97-107; Long-tailed Skua, 143-76, plates 108-19; Audouin’s (bill, 73-7, plates 48-9; Royal Fern, 41 1-3; Crested Fern, 413-4; Lesser Crested lern, 411-3; .Arctic Fern, 414-6; Common Fern, 414-6; Whiskered Fern, 296-319, plates 196-8, 205-12, 228; Black Fern, 296-319, plates 201-4, 221-7, 229; White-winged Black 'I'ern, 296-319, plates 199-200, 213-20, 230; Pechora Pipit, 448; Isabeiline \\ heatear, 224; \\ heatear, 224; (Jraceful Warbler, 78-9, plates 50, 52-3; Scrub Warbler, 78-9, plate 51; Arabian Warbler, 97-113, plates 57-69; Orphean Warbler, 98-107, plates 60-2, 67-8; Dau- rian Starling, 621-2 Fieldfare, Furopean news, 350; British breeding records 1987, 498 Fieldwork action: B FO/IWC news: the Birds of Fstuaries Fnquir\’, 1WC/B1'(4 Birdwatchers’ Conference, 572; Merseyside studies, 629 Finch, Frumpeter, Furopean news, 23 Firecrest, Furopean news, 353; British breeding records 1987, 501-2 Fisher, David, re\ iew of Harris, Fucker and \4nicombe: The Macmillan Field Guide to Bird Identification, 42 1 Flamingo, (beater, Furopean news, 14, 322 , Lesser, Furopean news, 322 Flumm, D. S., photograph of Ring-billed Cull, 295, plate 195 Flycatcher, Collared, unusual feeding be- haviour, 223-4, plate 151; Furopean news, 353 , Pied, premonition of rain, 1 17 , Red-breasted, photograph, 264, plate 169; Furopean news, 353 , Spotted, premonition of rain, 1 17 Ff)od: Western Reef Heron, 564; Great White Fgret, 27; Buzzard, 618; Kestrel, 618; Sociable Plover, 620; Ring-billed (bill, 77; Blackbird, 77; Magjjie, 1 18, 620- 1; House Sparrow, 447-8 frankland,J. B., note on \orth .American landbirds on the ‘QF2’, 568-9 Eregata, see Frigatebird Frigatebird, accepted Irish record 1988, 510 EringiUa montifringilla, see Brambling teydea, see ChalFtnch, CAinar)' Islands Frost, D., photographs of Sabine’s (bill, 202- 3, plates 130-1; of (irey Phalarope, 204, plate 133 Frost, R., photograph of Sabine’s (Jull, 203, plate 132 EuUca atra, see Coot Gale, .Sle\en W., and McMinn, .Stbin 1)., note on identification of Graceful and Scrub Warblers, 78-9, jdates 50-53 (dderida cristata, see Lark, Crested Gallinago media, see Snipe, (Jreat megala, see Snipe, Swinhoe’s Gallimda chloropus, see Moorhen (iailinule, Pur|)le, Furopean news, 17 Index to Volume to 82 645 (ianiifl, British records alter October 1987 storm, 19b, 202 (iardiner, J., photographs of Northern I’arula, 55b, plates 340-1 (iarganey, photograph, 459, plate 301; Brit- ish breeding records 1987, 484 (iarner, I)a\'id }., note on Kestrel feeding at bird-table, bl8 Garner, Martin S., letter on the Felixstowe stint, 378; note on Gomnion Scoter of nominate race with extensive yellow on bill, b lb-8, plates 371-2 Garnett, M. G., see Kelsey, M. (h, el at. (Jarrod, Jean 1)., note on Kingfisher impal- ing its catch, 29; on birds’ |)remonition of rain, 1 1 7 Gamthts irtandariiu, see Ja)- Gartshore, N. A., photograph of Bridled Tern, 532, plate 328 (Jasson, Peter, photograph of (iray Catbird, 2, plate 1; of Pied-billed (Jrebe 37, plate 18; of Blackbird, 190, plate 12b; of Red- footed Falcon, 45b, plate 29b (iauci, Charles, see Sultana, Joe Gai'ia adam.sii, see Diver, White-billed imnier, see Diver, CJreat Northern (Jebuis, Flans, photographs of Pomarine Skuas, 147, plates 91-2; 3rd place. Bird Photograph of the 5'ear 1989, 2b4, plate lb9; photograph of Pintails, 4bb, plate 310; of Barnacle Geese, 470, plate 319 Geister, Iztok, European news, 14-25. 321-9, 349-55 Getocheticion nilotico, see Fern, (hill-billed (ierard, I'ricia, photograph of Red-legged Partridge, 72. plate 47 (hllmor, Robert, review of Harrison: The Hutory of the Birds of Britain, 1 35 , , et at., ‘Bird Illustrator of the 5 ear’ and ‘ I'he Richard Richardson Award’, 339-4b Chlpin, Arthur, obituars’, 229 Gtareola matdivanan, see Pratincole, (Oriental nordmanni, see Pratincole, Black-winged pralincota, see Pratincole, Collared (due, David, re\ iew of Soper: 4 Bas.uon for Birds. 83; of Snow and Snow: Birds and Berries, 451-2 (iodwil, Bar-tailed, repeatedly attacked by Oystercatcher, 27-8 , Black-tailed, British breeding records 1987, 494-5 , Hudsonian, mysters photograph, 474, bOl-2, plate 321, 359 (h)ldeneye, European news, 15. 323; British breeding records 1987, 48b , Barrow’s, Eairopean news, 15, 323; (ioldfmch, fighting with Grey \Vagtail, 447; photograph, 4b9, plate 31b (iomersall, Chris, photograph of 5 oung Ornithologists of the 5'ear, 139. plate 89 (ioodyer, Nick, see Dodd. Andrew M. (joosander, European news, lb, 323 (foose. Bar-headed, European news. 322 , Barnacle. European news, 15; photo- graph 470, plate 319 , Brent, European news, 15, 323; accepted records of B.b. nigricans. 1987-8. 513-4 , Canada. European news, 15 , (jreylag, European news. 15 , Eesser White-fronted, European news, 15, 322, plate 233; accepted records 1984- 8, 513 , Red-breasted, accepted record 1987-8, 514 . Ross’s, European news. 15 (iorbah, I., European news. 14-25. 321-9. 349-55 (ioshawk, European news, lb; breeding habitat in lowland Britain, 5b-b7. plates 40-44; British breeding records 1987, 488 (•race, Kieran. photograph of Whiskered I'em, 317, plate 228 (ireaves, Conrad, monthly marathon |)hoto- graph credit, 141 (irebe. Black-necked, British breeding re- cords 1987, 482 . I, it tie, juvenile apparently imprinted on female Mallard, 11b , Pied-billed, monthly marathon, 37. plate 18; accepted record 1987, 508 — — . Red-necked. British breeding records 1987, 481 , Slavonian, British breeding records 1987, 482 Green, Dennis, photograph of \\ ren, 4b4. plate 308 (ireen, G. H., see Kelsey, M. C>., et at. (7reenshank, unusual flight-bathing be- haviour, 28; mvster\ photograph, 348, 410, plate 238. 282 Greenwood, Julian G.. note on Sandwich Ferns apparently using roads as na\iga- tional cues, 1 1 7 Greig. Kenneth M., note on male King Eider displaying to Eiders. 44b Grenfell, Harold E., photograph of Shel- duck, 4bb. plate 311; of Redshank, 4b8, plate 314 Grosbeak. Pine. European news. 23, 354 . Rose-breasted, accepted record 1988. 559 Grouse, Red. photograph, 2bb, plate 173 Gtvs gms, see Crane (iiiillemot, with complete dark neck-band, 271-4, plates 175-8; Little Gulls associat- ing with in winter, 373 646 Index to I 'oliime 82 , Briinnich’s, accepted record 1988, 533 Gull, Audouin’s, European news, 19, 327; first-year plumages, 73-7, plates 48-9 , Black-headed, food piracy b) Great White Egret, 27; European news, 327; in summer plumage in winter, 565 , Bonaparte’s, European news, 19, 327; accepted records 1979-88, 528 , Common, European news, 19, 327; photographs, 265, 463, plates 271, 305 , Franklin’s, European news, 327; accep- ted records 1987-8, 528 , Glaucous, European news, 19 , Great Black-backed, European news, 19 , Great Black-headed, Fiuropean news, 19, 326 , Grey-headed, European news, 327 , Herring, European news, 19 , Iceland, photographs, 294, plates 191- 2; European news, 327; accepted records of kiimlieni 1987-8, 529 , l\’or\', accepted record 1980, 530 , Eaughing, European news, 19, 326; photograph 43, 234, plates 26, 154; accepted records 1986-8, 527-8 , Lesser Black-backed, fairopean news, 19; unusual plumage, 220-1 , Little, British records after October 1987 storm, 198, 201, 204-5; associating with auks in winter, 373; British breeding records 1987, 495-6 , Mediterranean, European news, 19, 326; British records after October 1987 storm, 197, 201, 205; photograph, 234, plate 153; feeding inland in winter, 271; British breeding records 1987, 495 , Ring-billed, European news, 19, 327; apparently feeding on gulls’ droppings, 77; photographs, 187, 295, plates 125, 195; displaying to Gommon Gull, 447, plate 294; accepted records 1979-87, 528- 9 , Ross’s, European news, 19; photo- graph, 286, plate 184; accepted records 1987-8, 529 , Sabine’s, European news, 19, 327; photographs, 44, plates 29-30; British records after October 1987 storm, 191- 208, plates 127-32 , Slender-billed, European news, 19, 327 , Tbayer’s, photographs, 358, plates 246-7 Gustin, Marco, European news, 14-25, 321- 9, 349-55 (iypaehis barhatii.s, see Eammergeier (typs fuh'us, see Vulture, GrilTon Gyrfalcon, European news, 16 Haemalopus oslrategiis, see Ovstercatcher Hainsworth, R., see Nattress, B. Haliaeeliis albicilla, see Eagle, White-tailed Hamblin, A. R., photograph of Jays, 265, plate 170; of Common Gull, 463, plate 305; of Marsh Tit and Goal l it, 465, plate 309; of Razorbill, 467, plate 312; of Rock Pipit, 468, plate 315; of Goldfinch, 469, plate 316; of Blackbird, 469, plate 317; ol Magpie, 599, plate 358 Handrinos, George 1., fiuropean news, 14- 25, 321-9, 349-55 Harding, B. 1)., obserxations at a Wren roost, 48-52 Hario, Martti, European news, 14-25, 321-9, 349-55 Harold, R., squeal call of the Hen Harrier at winter roost, 93-6 Harrap, Simon, letter on the Felixstowe stint, 378-80 Harrier, Hen, squeal call at winter roost, 93- 6; European news, 324 , Marsh, European news, 16; British breeding records 1987, 487 , Montagu’s, photograiDh, 266, plate 172; European news, 324; British breed- ing records 1987, 487-8 , Pallid, European news, 16 Harris, Alan, illustrations of Gull-billed and other terns, 7-8; of Arabian Warbler, 99 , , see (iillmor, Robert, el ol. , , see Sharrock, J. F. R. Harris, Peter M., photograph of Black Tern, 315, plate 224 Hartley, I. R., note on House Sparrows eating lichen, 447-8 Har\ey, Paul \'., see Riddiford, Nick Hawfinch, European news, 354 Hawk, Swainson’s, European news, 16 Hawkins, John, photograph of Magpie, 588, plate 354 Hayman, P. \’., see Kelsey, M. G., el ol. Heard, C’.. 1). R., review of Hollom: The Pnpulor Hotidbook oj BriH.sh Bhd.s, 5th edition, 333; letter on the identification of large terns, 413-4 Hedgren, Stellan, photographs of Long- tailed Skuas, 161-3, jfiates 108-9, 111 Hemi|)ode, Andalusian, Eurojjean news, 324 Herbert, R. A., see Moon, S. J. Heron, Green-backed, monthly marathon, 338, plate 236 , Grey, European news, 322 hukx to I olume 82 647 Heron, iXight, Kuropean news, 322; accepted records 510-11 , Squacco, Kuropean news, 322; accepted record 1988, 511 , \\ estern Reef, Kuropean news, 322; eating Phylloscopus warblers, 564 Hewitt, John, photograph of Kanceolated Warbler, 260, 319, plate 165, 231; of Great White Kgrel, 457, plate 297 Hieraaetus penmiliis, see Kagle, Booted Hill, Alistair, European news, 14-25 . , and Barthel, Peter, Kuropean news, 321-9, 349-55 Himantopus himanlnpus, see Stilt, Black- winged fiippolais cali^ata, see Warbler, Booted icleiina, see Warbler, Icterine poh'^lolla, see Warbler, Melodious Hirschfeld, Krik, Kuropean news, 14-25, 321- 9, 349-55 Hirst, W. R., photographs of White-winged Black Tern, 311, plates 218-9 Hinindo daurica, see Swallow, Red-rumped pyrrhonota, see Swallow, GlilT Histrionicus /iislriotiiai.s, see Duck, Harlequin Hobby, British breeding records 1987, 489- 90; using ‘artificial’ nests, 619, plate 373 Hofmann, Norbert and I'lrike, photograph of Arctic Skuas, 160, plate 107 Holdsworth, Paul, see Dodd, Andrew M. Holliday, Steve, European news, 14-25, 321- 9, 349-55 Hoopoe, European news, 20 Hopkins, P., photograph of Arctic Warbler, 129, plate 75; of Dotterel, 429, plate 288; of Kentish Plover, 459, plate 300 Hoploptems spinosns, see Plo\er, Spur-winged Hosking, Eric, photograph of Marsh Warb- ler, 250, plate 160 , , see Chandler, R. J., el at. Howe, Stan, note on Western Reef Heron eating Phylloscopus warblers, 564 Hulme, Mark, 2nd place. Bird Illustrator of the 5’ear 1989, 339-46; award presenta- tion, 576, plate 347 Hume, R. A., obituars of Anthony Roger Morley Blake, 81-2; comments on report on rare birds in Great Britain in 1988, 505-63 , , and Christie, D. A., Sabine’s Gulls and other seabirds after the October 1987 storm, 191-208. plates 127-33 Hurford, C., Lesser Crested Kern: new to Britain and Ireland, 396-8 Hutchings, S. C., photograph of Blue- winged Teal, 45, plate 33; of Baird’s Sandpiper, 46, plate 35; of Radde’s Warb- ler, 128, plate 73 Hydrobates petagicus, see Petrel, Storm Ibis, Glossy, European news, 14; accepted records 1986-8, 513 Icterus ^atbula, see Oriole, Xorthem IJy.endoorn, Edward \an, European news, 14-25,321-9,349-55 Ingleston, R., photograph of Gull-billed I'em, 5, plate 5; of .\rctic Skua. 160, plate 106; of Long-tailed Skua, 173, plate 1 19 Inskipp, 'Kim, review of CTamp el al.\ Handbook of the Birds of Europe, the Middle East and S’orth Africa, \ol. 5. 382-3 Ishie, Kaoru. photograph of Red-necked Stint, 368. plate 269 Ixobrychus minutus, see Bittern, Little Iz/.ard, .Martin, photographs of Guillemot, 273-4, plates 1 77-8 Jackson. David J., note on Sociable Plover foot-pattering for earthworms, 620 Jay, photograph. 265, plate 170 , Siberian, European news, 22-3. 353 Jenner, Trevor, photograph of Sabine’s Gull. 199. plate 127 Jones, .Maurice, photograph of White- winged Black Tern, 302, plate 199 Jonsson, I.iirs. illustrations of Cireat. Pomar- ine, .\rctic and Long-tailed Skuas, 166-8; photographs of Least .Sandpiper, 366-8, plates 260, 267 Jynx torquilla, see Wrvneck Keen. Stephen G., note on female Blackcap passing material from Long-tailed Tit nest to male, 1 1 7-8 Kelsey, M. G.. el al„ Marsh \Varblers in Britain, 239-56, plates 159-61 Kestrel, feeding at bird-table. 618 . Lesser. European news, 324 Killdeer, European news, 325 Kingbsher, impaling catch. 29 Kinnock. Xeil, Conser\ation, 436-9, plate 292 Kirby, J. S.. Kirby, K. K., and \Voolfall, S. J., Curlew Sandpipers in Britain and Ireland in autumn 1988, 399-409, plates 280-1 Kistchinsky, Sacha, photograph of King Eider, 115, 176. plate 71. 120 648 Index to I ’olume 82 Kite, Black, FAiropean news, 16, 324; large numbers feeding on nying insects, 72; following mowing machine, 1 16; accepted records 1986-8, 519 , Black-shouldered, European news, 324 , Red, following mowing machine, 1 16; European news, 324; British breeding records 1987, 487 Kittiwake, British records after October 1987 storm, 197, 201, 204 Kjaer, David, photographs of Isabelline Shrike, 546, plates 336-7 Knot, Great, European news, 18 Knox, Alan, letter on proposed changes to the \ oous Eist, 119-20 Kramer, David, note on adult Moorhen killing chick, 73 Laoofnis lagopus, see Grouse, Red Eaine, EasseJ., photograph of Black 'ferns, 315, plate 225 Eambert, Roger U., note on Buzzard appa- rently catching eel, 618 Eammergeier, European news, 324 Eamsdell, Ghris, phologra|^h of Ring- necked Duck, 358, plate 248 Eancaster, A. A. K., re\ iew of Busb\ : Birds in Mallorca, 381 Eancaster, f. \V., photographs of Daurian Starling, 605-7, plates 361-2, 365-6 Eangsbur) , Gordon, photogra|jh of Arctic Skua, 159, plate 105; of Eong-tailed Skua, 1 72, plate 1 1 7 Lanins collitrio, see Shrike, Red-backed crislalus, see Shrike, Brown isabellinus. see Shrike, Isabelline minor, see Shrike, Eesser Gre\' senator, see Shrike, Woodchat Eansdown, Peter, review of Mollom et aL\ Birds of the Middle East and Xorth Africa, 82-3; Rarities Gommittee news and announce- ments, 418-9, plate 284 Lark, Black, European news, 20 , Galandra, European news, 20, 328 , Grested, using ‘anvil’, 30-1; mystery- photograph, 320, 346, plate 232, 237 , Desert, using Song fhrush-like tech- nique to break food item, 29-30, plates 16-17 , Dunn’s, European news, 328 (& 636), 337, plate 235 , Dupont’s, Eurojjean news, 20, 328 , Short-toed, European news, 20, 328; acce|)ted records 1987-8, 536 . White-winged, Eairopean news, 20 Lams argejitatus, see Gull, Herring atricilla, see Gull, Laughing audouinii, see Gull, Audouin’s canus, see Gull, Gommon cinvcephalus, see Ciull, Grey-headed delawarensis, see Gull, Ring-billed ftiscus, see Gull, Lesser Black-backed genei, see Gull, Slender-billed glaucoides, see (jull, Iceland hyperborens, see Gull, Glaucous ichthyaetus, see Gull, Great Black- headed inarinns, see Gull, Great Black-backed melanocephalus, see Gull, Mediterranean miniitus, see (iull. Little Philadelphia, see Gull, Bonaparte’s pipi.uan. see Gull, Eranklin’s ridibnndiis, see Gull, Black-headed sabini, see Gull, Sabine’s thayeii, see (iull, fhayer’s Lewis, Jerry, see Roberts, Steve Lilleleht, \’ilju, European news, 14-25 Liniicola falcinellus, see Sandpiper, Broad- billed Litnnodromus griseus, see Dowitcher, Short- billed scolopacens, see Dowitcher, Long-billed l.iniosa haemastica, see (iodwit, Hudsonian lapponica, see (jodwit. Bar-tailed limosa, see Godwit, Black-tailed Little, Brian, photograph of Double-crested Ciormorant, 284, plate 182; of Arctic Redpoll, 292, plate 189; of Wilson’s Petrel, 509, plate 325 Littlewood, \. A., photograph of Pectoral Sandpiper, 458, plate 298 Locnstella certhiola, see Warbler, Pallas’s Grasshopper flnviatilis, see Warbler, River lanceolata, see Warbler. Lanceolated luscinioides, see Warbler, Sa\ i’s naei’ia, see Warbler, Grasshopper Loseby, fim, photographs of Long-toed Stint, 367-8, plates 264, 268 Loxia cumirostra, see Crossbill leucoptera, see Crossbill, Two-barred Lnllida arborea, see Woodlark Luscinia calliope, see Rubythroat, Siberian luscinia, see Nightingale, 'Thrush megarhynchos, see Nightingale McBride, ,\lan, re\iew of Harrison: Seabirds ql the World, 226-7 McGeehan, A., photograph of Lesser Scau|i, ■128, plate 287; ol 5 ellow-bellied Saji- sucker, 543, plates 329-30 Index to I 'oliime 82 649 Mc(jeehan, A., see .Nigliiingale, Barn McKavetl, Michael photograph of Shorl- hillecl Dowitcher, 88, plate 58 Mackrill, f.cl, note on first-year plumages of Audouin’s (iull, 73-7, plates 48-9; photo- graph of Pomarine Skua, 148, plate 94; of Whiskered i'eriis, 305-7, plates 205-8, 211; of White-uinged Black fern, 318, plate 230; ol Western Sandpipers, 377, plate 273 McMinn, Sean, see (iale, Steven W. Madden, Brian, letter on (!urle\v Sandpipers on Irish east coast in autumn 1988, 822 Magpie, party harassed by Sparrow hawk, 118-7; eating wasp, 118; European news, 353; breeding biology, 583-800, plates 353-8; eating potatoes, 820-1 Magy ar, (fabor, and Walis/.ky, Zoltan, Euro- pean news, 14-25, 321-9, [M9-55 Malins, Jack, photograph of Eaughing (full, 234, |)late 154; of I'hayer’s (full, 358, plates 248-7 Mallard, juvenile Eittle (irebe apparently imprinted on, I 18 Marchant, E. E., photograph of Pomarine Skua, 149, plate 95 Marr, Pony, review of Hutchinson: liirds in Ireland, 422 Marsh, B., photograph of Crane, 42, plate 24 Martin, Aurelio, see Emmerson, Keith Martin, ('rag, European news, 20, 328; accepted records 1988, 538 , House, photograph, 484, plate 307 Martins, Rod, re\iew of Summers-Smith: The Sparrows, 138-7; of Brazil: .4 liird- watcher's Guide to Japan, 420-1 Mead, Paul, note on Dunlin with pale legs, 288 Melanitia niara. see Scoter. Common perspiritlala, see Scoter, Surf Melanoconpha calandra. see Eark, Calandra lencoplera, see Eark. White-winged yeltoniensis, see Eark. Black Mellis, R. J., photograph of Eaughing Cull. 43, plate 28; of Icterine Warbler, 45, plate 31; of Indigo Bunting, 131, plate 81; of Creat Northern Diver, 233, plate 152; of Mediterranean Cull, 234, plate 153; of Dartford Warbler, 295, plate 194 Merganser, Hooded, European news, 15-8 Mergus cucullatus, see Merganser, Hooded merganser, see Coosander Merlin, European news, 18 Merops apiaster, see Bee-eater superciliosus, see Bee-eater, Blue- cheeked Message, Stephen, winner, I he Richard Richardson Award 1989, 339-48; award presentation, 578. plate 347 Micropalama himantopus, see Sandpiper, Stilt Mikkola, Karno, photographs of White’s Thrush, 350, plates 240-1; of Radde’s Warbler, 352, plate 244; of Dusky War- bler, 352, plate 245 Miliaria calandra, see Bunting, Corn Mills, Richard T., photograph of Broad- billed Sandpiper, 580, plate 351; photo- graph of Magpie, 598, plate 357 Milvus migrans, see Kite, Black milvus, see Kite, Red Mirnus polyglottos, see Mockingbird, N'orthem Mitchell, Dominic, photographs of Wax- wings, 185, plates 122-3; letter on Sand- wich Tern with all-yellow bill, 414 •Mockingbird, .Northern, European news, 329 Molothms aler, see (atwbird. Brown-headed Monthly marathon 3: 8, plate 18; 7, plate 58; 8, plate 90; 9, plate 128; 10, plate 158; 1 1, plate 185; 12, plate 238; 13, plate 278; 14, plate 285; 2, plate 324; 3, plate 345; 4, plate 370 Monthly reports. 39-48, plates 22-35; 121- 33, plates 72-87; 183-9, plates 122-5; 232- 8, plates 152-7; 283-7, plates 180-4; 289- 95, plates 188-95; 355-9, plates 248-8; 427-32, plates 287-90; 455-62, plates 298- 304; 577-81, plates 348-52; 832-5, plate 374 Monlicola sa.\alilis. see Thrush, Rock sotilarius, see Thrush, Blue Rock Moon, .\ndrew \'., photograph of Reach’s Petrel, 44, plate 27; of BufT-bellied Pipit, 130, plates 76-8; of Sabine’s Cull, 201, plate 129 , , and Herbert. R. note on the Penllergaer Phylloscopus puzzle. 275-7 M oore. D. R. and J. L., note on large aggregation of Black Kites feeding on flying insects. 72 Moorhen, European news, 17; adult killing chick. 73 •Morgan, Paul C. 1)., note on unusual plumage of Lesser Black-backed Cull, 220-1 Morris, P. 1., are Lesser Whitethroats asso- ciated with oaks? (letter), 448 Molacilla alba, see (Vagtail, Pied cinerea, see \\ agtail, Crey citreola, see Wagtail, Citrine flm'a, see Wagtail, Yellow Mullarney, Killian, photograph of Cull- billed Tern, 4, plate 2; of Eorster's Tern, 13. plate 10 , , see Sharrock, J. T. R. Muscicapa striata, see Elycatcher, Spotted Munstemian, P., photograph of Common Culls, 265, plate 171; of Black Terns, 303- 650 Index to Volume 82 5, 317, plates 201, 203-4, 229; of Desert Warbler, 351, plate 242 Myster)' photographs: 140, plate 15; 141, plate 46; 142, plate 71; 143, plate 121; 144, plate 135; 145, plate 165; 146, plate 232; 147, plate 238; 148, plate 283; 149, plate 321; 150, plate 360 Mystery photographs, answers to; 139, 25-7; 140,68-9; 14b H3-5; 142, 176-7; 143, 209- 10; 144, 258-60; 145, 319-21; 146, 346-8; 147, 410-1; 148, 472-4; 149, 601-2 Nattress, B., and Hainsvvorth, R., note on reaction of nesting Coal 4'its to nearby nesting House Martins, 374 Setta ntjina, see Pochard, Red-crested Newell, R. G., note on Locustella locomotion, 331 News and comment, 37-9; 91-2; 137-41, plates 88-9; 181-3; 229-32; 281-2; 334-6; 386-9, plates 274-5; 425-6, plate 286; 452- 4, plate 295; 575-6, plates 346-7; 629-31 Nicholls, Gerry, photograph of White- winged Black Tern, 303, plate 200 Nicholls, Howard, photograph of Pectoral Sandpiper, 43, plate 25; of Wheatear, 46, plate 34 Nicholson, E. M., review of Grimmett and Jones: Important Bird Areas in Europe, 573 Nightingale, European news, 349 , Thrush, mystery photograph, 69, 1 13, plate 46, 70; Fiuropean news, 349; accepted records 1988, 539-40 Nightingale, Barry, see Allsopp, Keith , , and McGeehan, Anthony, recent reports, see Recent reports Nilsson, Lars, letter on the separation of Northern and Isabelline Wheatears, 224 Nucifraga caryocatactes, see Nutcracker Numenius arquata, see Curlew tenuirostris, see Curlew, Slender-billed Nutcracker, European news, 353 Nyctea scandiaca, see Owl, Snowy Nycticorax nyclicorax, see Heron, Night Obituaries: Anthony Roger Morley Blake ( 1 924- 1 988), 8 1 -2, plate 55; Arthur Gilpin, Hon. MSc, ERPS (1908-1988), 229 Oceanites oceanicus, see Petrel, Wilson’s Oceanodroma castro, see Petrel, Madeiran leucorhoa, see Petrel, Leach’s Oena capensis, see Dove, Namaqua Oenanthe deserti, see Wheatear, Desert hispanica, see Wheatear, Black-eared isabellina, see Wheatear, Isabelline oenanthe, see Wheatear pleschanka, see W heatear, Pied Ogilvie, M. A., mystery photograph 142: King Eider, 176-7; review of Voous: OwE of the Northern Hemisphere, 423 Oliver, P. J., note on early wing moult of Eiders, 71 Olsen, Klaus Mailing, field identification of the smaller skuas, 143-76, plates 91-1 19 Olsson, Urban, photographs of Red-necked Stint, 363-5, plates 249-52, 254, 256-7; of Semipalmated Sandpiper, 364-5, plates 253, 255; of Western Sandpiper, 366, plate 258; of Long-toed Stint, 366-7, plates 259, 261; of Least Sandpiper, 367, plate 262 , , see Alstrom, Per Oriole, Golden, British breeding records 1987, 502 , Northern, European news, 24; photo- graph, 430, plate 289; accepted records 1988, 559; on ‘QE2’, 569 Orioliis oriolus, see Oriole, Golden Osprey, European news, 324; British breed- ing records 1987, 488 Otis tarda, see Bustard, Great Ouzel, Ring, fiuropean news, 21 Owl, Barn, European news, 20 , Eagle, European news, 20, 328; photo- graph, 389, plate 275 , Great Grey, European news, 20 , Little, incubating in nest-box with grey squirrel present, 221, plate 148 , Short-eared, food-caching during win- ter, 565-6 , Snow7, Fluropean news, 20; summer- ing in Shetland 1987, 496; accepted re- cords 1988, 534 Oxyura jamaicensE, see Duck, Ruddy leiicocephala, see Duck, White-headed Oyauchi, Y., photograph of Whiskered Tern, 301, plate 196 Oystercatcher, repeatedly attacking Bar- tailed Godwit, 27-8; photograph, 463, plate 306 PJC; Award 1989, 344-5 Page, 1)., letter on identification of Pechora Pipit, 448 Pagophila ehuniea, see Gull, Ivorv' Palferv', John, note on migrating Steppe Eagles taking prey disturbed by farm machinerv', 330; on Great Reed Warblers feeding from spiders’ webs, 373 Index to I ’nlume 82 651 Palmer, Philip, noie on cable-roosting by Cormorants, 219-20, plate 147; on Little Owl and grey squirrel in same nest-box, 221, plate 148 Fandion haliaelus, see Osprey Pankhurst, 1)., photographs of Daurian Starling, 609, plates 368-9 Faminis biamiicus, see I it. Bearded Partridge, Red-legged, landing on urban window ledge, 72-3, plate 47 Panda arnericana, see Parula, Northern Panda, Northern, Kuropean news, 23; accepted records 1988, 556, plates 340-1 Fam.'i aler, see Pit, Coal caendeits, see Pit, Blue naneu.s, see Pit, Azure nwntanu.s, see Pit, Willow palustris, see Pit, Marsh Passer doniestiais, see Sparrow, House hispaniolensis, see Sptirrow, Spanish moabiticiis, see Sparrow, Dead Sea montamis, see Sparrow, I'ree Passeritia cyanea, see Bunting, Indigo Paterson, Andrew M., note on Blackbird attacking scorpioti, 77 Paidson, Dennis, photographs of Least Sandpiper, 368, plates 265-6 Pedersen, Knud, photographs of Arctic Skuas, 151-3, 158-9, plates 97-101, 103-4; of Long-tailed Skuas, 164-5, 173, plates 112-3, 115-6, 118 Pennington, Michael C., note on food- caching by Short-eared Owl during win- ter, 565-6 Peregrine, eating prey on the wing, 620 Perisoreus iiifauslus^ see Ja\ . Siberian Peniis apworus, see Buzzard, Honey Petrel, Leach’s, photographs, 44, plates 27- 8; British records after October 1987 sionii, 196, 198, 200, 205-6 , Madeiran, F.uropean news. 14 , Storm, British records after October 1987 storm, 196 , Wilson’s, European news, 14; accepted records 1987-8, 509-10, plate 325 Petursson, Gunnlauger, letter on American Pipits in Iceland, 225 Phalacrocorax arislotelis, see Shag aurilus, see Cormorant, Double-crested carbo, see Cormorant pygtnens, see Cormorant, P\gmy Phalarope, Grey, European news. 19; photo- graphs 45, 467, plates 32, 313; British records after October 1987 storm. 194- 208, plates 128, 133 , Red-necked, British records after October 1987 storm, 196, 200; British breeding records 1987, 495 Phalarope, Wilson’s, European news, 19. 326; accepted records 1986-8, 527 Phalaropus fidicarius, see Phalarope, Grey lobatus, see Phalarope, Red-necked tricolor, see Phalarope, Wilson’s Phasianus colchiciis, see Pheasant Pheasant, monthly marathon, 142, plate 90 Pheucticus ludovicianus, see Grosbeak, Rose- breasted Philomachus pugna.x, see RulT Phoenicopterus minor, see Elamingo, Lesser niber, see Elamingo, Greater Phoenicurus moitssieri, see Redstart, Moussier’s ochniros, see Redstart, Black phoenicurus, see Redstart PhotoSpot: 27, .Sinai Rosefmch, 52-5, plates 36-9; 28, Canary Islands Chaffinch, 474-5, plates 322-3 Phylloscopus bonelli, see Warbler, Bonelli’s borealis, see Warbler, Arctic collybita, see ChilTchafT fuscalus, see Warbler, Dusky inomatus, see Warbler, Vellow-browed proregulus, see Warbler, Pallas’s schu arzi, see \\ arbler, Radde’s sibilalrix, see Warbler, \Vood trochiloides, see Warbler, Greenish Pica pica, see Magpie Pick, Jeff, photograph of Whiskered Lem, 307, plate 21o' Picoides tridactylus, see Woodpecker, Lhree- toed Picus I'iridis, see Woodpecker, Green Pinicola enuclealor, see Grosbeak, Pine Pintail, photograph, 466, plate 310; British breeding records 1987, 483 Pipit, .\merican, photographs, 130, plates 76-8; records from Iceland, 225; accepted record 1988, 539 , Berthelot’s, mvster\ photograph, 178, 208, plate 121, 134 , Buff-bellied, see Pipit, .American . Meadow, evading Merlin by settling near human being, 179 , Olive-backed, European news, 21, 329; accepted records 1988, 538 , Pechora, held characters, 448; accepted record 1988. 538 , Red-throated, European news, 21; accepted records 1984-8, 539 , Richard's, European news, 328-9; accepted record 1981, 538 , Rock, photograph, 468, plate 315 , Tree, with Tawny Pipit measure- ments, 221-3, plates 149-50 , Water, monthly marathon, 36 Platalea alba, see Spoonbill, .African leucorodia, see Spoonbill Plectrophenax nivalis, see Bunting, Snow 652 Index to I olume 82 Flegadis Jaldnellus, see Ibis, Glossy Plover, American Golden, European news, 325; accepted records 1975-88, 522 , Caspian, European news, 325; accepted records 1988, 522 , Chestnut-banded Sand, European news, 18 , Cbalj, photograph, 264, plate 168 , Greater Sand, European news, 325; accepted records 1988, 521-2 , Kentish, European news, 18; photo- graph, 459, plate 300 , Kittlitz’s Sand, European news, 325 , Eesser Sand, European news, 18, 325 , Pacific Golden, European news, 18, 325; accepted records 1988, 522 , Sociable, European news, 18; accepted records 1988, 522-3; foot-pattering for earthworms, 620 , Spur-winged, European news, 18 , White-tailed, European news, 18, 325 Pluvialis dominka, see Plover, American (jol- den fulva, see Phner, Pacific (joldcn Pochard, breeding records 1987, 484-5 , Red-crested, European news, 323 Fodkepi aurilits, see Grebe, Slavonian grisegena, see Grebe, Red-necked nigikollis, see (irebe. Black-necked Fodiirmbii.s podiceps, see (irebe, Pied-billed Folystkia slelleii, see Eider, Steller’s Points of view: 17, 134-5 Pop, Rene, photograph of Eong-tailed Skua, 162, plate 110 Foiphyno porphyria, see (Jallinule, Purple Forzana Carolina, see Sora parva, see Crake, Eittle porzana, see Crake, Spotted pusilla, see Crake, Baillon’s Pratincole, Black-winged, European news, 18, 325; accepted records 1988, 521 , Collared, European news, 18; accepted record 1987, 521 , Oriental, accepted records 1981-8, 521 Preston, K., (iray Catbird in Co. Cork: new to Britain and Ireland, 1-3, plate 1 Frinkt gracilis, see Warbler, Graceful Prior, Huw, \'oung Ornithologist of the 5’ear 1988, 86; award |uesentation, 139, plate 89 Product reports: Kowa 'fS-602 telescope, 70-1; Kowa 'fSN-3, 256-8 Friinella alrogularis, see .Accentor, Black- throated collaris, see .Accentor, .Alpine modularis, see Dunnock montanclla, see .Accentor, Siberian Prvtherch, Robin, and Everett, Mike, news and comment, see .News and comment Flyonoprogne nipestris, see .Martin, Crag FulJinus qlfhiis, see .Shearwater, Eittle gravis, see Sheanvater, (ireat griseus, see .Shearwater, .Sooty pu/Jiniis, see .Shearwater, .Manx Fycnonotus leucogenys, see Bulbul, \\ bite- cheeked h'lrhocorax pynhocorax, see Chough Fknhida pyirhula, see Bullfinch Quail, European news, 16; British breeding "records 1987, 490-1 Radford, .A. P., note on repeated aggression by Oystercatcher towards Bar-tailed (Jod- wit, 27-8; on fighting between Grey AA’ag- tail and (Joldfmch, 447 Raes, .Marc, ])hotograph of Willow fit, 25. plate 14 Randall, .A. J. photograph of Swinhoe’s SnijDe, 269, plate 174 Rare Breeding Birds Panel, rare breeding birds in the L’nited Kingdom in 1987, 477-504 Rarities Committee, news and announce- ments, 418-9, plate 284; report on rare birds in Great Britain in 1988, 505-63, Ijlates 325-41 , see Dean, .A. R. Ra\en, monthly marathon, 288, plate 185 Ravment, 1). L., photogra|)h of Dunnock, 238, plate 158 Razorbill, Eurojjean news, 20; Eittle Gulls associating with in winter, 373; photo- graph, 467, plate 312 Recent reports, 46; 92; 142; 190; 238; 288; 338; 390; 432; 504; 582; 636 Recuiviroslra avoseUa, see .Avocet Redpoll, European news, 354 , .Arctic, photograph, 292, plate 189; accepted records 1985-8, 555-6 Redshank, |ihotograi)h, 466, plate 314 Redstart, j)remonition of rain, 117 , Black, Euro|jean news, 21; British breeding records 1987, 197-8; accejtted record of F. o. ochruros-seminifiis-plioenictiroidcs 1988, 540, .544, plate 332 , Moussier’s, I'.uropean news, 21, 349; accepted record 1988, 540 Redwing, European news, 21; British breed- ing records 1987, 498-9 Rees, Darren, winner, PJC .Award 1989, 344- 5; iiwtird presentation, 576, |)late 347 Index to Volume 82 Regnhis ignicdpillus, see Firecresi Remiz pendidinm, see 'l it, Pencluline Request: colour-marked birds: a reminder, 120; ‘MysteiA photographs’ texts, 180; transparencies of 1988 rarities, 226; useful fieldwork for fun, photographs and infor- mation (or Birds qj Israel, 336; changes to the Knglish names of British birds, 386; The Birds of Cyprus, 420 Reszeter, George, photogra|)h of Arctic Warbler, 129, plate 74; of Red-eyed \’ireo, 133, plates 85-6; of Golden-winged Warb- ler, 290-1, plates 186, 188; of Roller, 460, plate 302; of Red-footed Falcon, 579, plate 349 Reviews: Ali and Ripley: Compact Handbook of the Birds of India and Pakistan, 332 Brazil: .4 Birdwatcher's Guide to Japan, 420-1 Bushy: Birds in Mallorca, 381 Gady and Hume: The Complete Book of British Birds, 381-2 CTamp et al.: Handbook of the Birds of Europe, the Middle East and Sorth Africa, \ol. 5, 382-3 Delin and Svensson: 'Hie Photographic Guide to the Birds of Britain and Europe, 332-3 Furness: The Skuas, 180-1 Gooders: The Complete Birdwatcher's Guide, 280- 1 Goodman and Meininger: The Birds of Eg\'pt, 450-1 Grimmett and Jones; Important Bird Areas in Europe, 73 Harris, 1 ticker and \ inicomhe: The Mac- millan Eield Guide to Bird Identification, 42 1 Flarrison; The Histoiy of the Birds of Britain, 135 Harrison: Seabirds of the World, 226-7 Hdlzinger: Die \~6gel Baden Wurttembergs, Banci 1,624-5 Hoi lorn: The Popular Handbook of British Birds, 5lh edition, 333 Hollom et al.: Birds of the Middle East and \orth .\frica, 82-3 Hutchinson: Birds in Ireland, 422 Mearns and Mearns: Biographies for Bird- watchers, 383-4 Mouniforl: Rare Birds qj the World, 281 OgiKie and W inter: Best Days with British Birds, 573 Remherlon; Die Birdwatcher's ) earhook and Diaiy 1989, 135 Samstag; Eor Love of Birds, 384 Snow and Snow: Birds and Berries, 451-2 Somerset Ornithological Society: Birds of Somerset, 625 Soper; A Passion for Birds, 83 Stastny, Randi'k and Hudec: Atlas 653 Hm'zdm'ho Roz.siren{ Ptdku FGV.ST^ 1973/77, 136 Sutnmers-Smilh: Die Sparrows, 136-7 X'oous: Owls qj the Xortheni Hemisphere, 423 Rhodostethia rosea, see Gull, Ross’s Rhynchops ftavirostiis, see Skimmer, Af rican Fhe Richard Richardson Award 1989, 339- 46 Richards, Brett, Red-necked Stint: new to Britain and Ireland. 391-5, plates 277-9 Richards, l ed, note on Red-legged Par- tridge landing on urban window ledge. 72- 3, plate 47 Riddiford, Flizahelh. phoiogra|)h of Daurian Starling, 608. plate 367 Riddiford. N'ick, photographs of Daurian Starling, 606, plates 363-4; note on ageing and sexing of Daurian Starling, 621 , , Harvey. Paul and Shepherd, Kevin B., Daurian Starling: new to the Western Palearctic. 603-12, plates 361-9 Riley, Steve, note on (irested Fark using ‘anvil’, 30-1; on Little Grebe a|)parenlly imprinted upon female Mallard, 116 Roberts, J. Lawton, photograph of Gull- hilled Fern, 4, plate 3 Ri.isa tridactyla, see Kiitiwake Roberts, Steve, and Lewis, Jerrv, note on Hobbies using ‘artificial’ nests, 619. plate 373 Robertson, Iain, review of Mountfort: Rare Birds of the World, 281; mysterv photograph 145: Lanceolaied Warbler. 319-21; mys- lerv photogra|)h 146: Gresied Lark. 346-8 Robin, American, Furopean news, 21; photograph. 237, plate 157; accepted re- cord 1988. 542 Robinson, Graham, note on Guillemot with complete dark neck-hand, 272-4, plates 177-8 Rogers, Michael J.. report on rare birds in Great Britain in 1988, 505-63. plates 325- 41 Roller, Furopean news. 328; photograph. 460, plate 302; accepted record 1987, 536 Rook, Furopean news. 23 Roosting: Cormorani. 219-20, plate 147; Hen Harrier. 93-6; Wren, 48-52; Long- tailed Fit. 620 Rosefinch. Scarlet. Furopean news. 23; sum- mering in Britain 1987, 503 . Sinai, PhotoSpol, 52-5, plates 36-9 Round. Philip 1).. see Sharrock, J. F. R. Roworlh. Peter, and Wright. Fric, note on Sparrowhawk attacking nodule bats, 564- 5 Royal Aerospace Fstablishment, photo- graph of Leach’s Petrel, 44, plate 28 654 Index to \ ’olinne 82 Rubythroat, Siberian, 1977 record now re- jected, 540 RulT, British breeding records 1987, 494 Saker, European news, 324 Sandberg, Roland, note on mating be- haviour of Cuckoo, 178 Sandpiper, Baird’s, photograph, 46, plate 35; accepted records 1987-8, 524 , Broad-billed, accepted records 1985-8, 524-5; photograph, 580, plate 351 , Buff-breasted, European news, 18, 325-6; photograph, 579, plate 350 , Cox’s, problem of taxonomic status, 622-3 , C.'urlew, European news, 325; records in autumn 1988, 399-409, plates 280-1; numbers on Irish east coast, autumn 1988, 622 , Least, European news, 18; field- characters ofjuveniles, 367-72, plates 260, 262, 265-7; accepted records 1988, 523 , Marsh, European news, 18, 326; accepted records 1980-8, 526 -, Pectoral, European news, 18, 325; photographs, 43, 122, 458, plates 25, 72, 298 , Purple, European news, 325; British breeding records 1987, 493-4 , Semipalmated, European news, 325; field-characters ofjuveniles, 362-9, plates 253, 255; letters on identification of Eelix- stowe stint, 375-80, plates 270-3; accepted records 1988, 523, plate 326; photograph, 634, plate 374 , Sharp-tailed, European news, 18 , Solitary, accepted records 1987-8, 526- 7 , Spotted, European news, 19, 326; accepted records 1986-8, 527 , Stilt, European news, 325; accepted Irish records 1988, 525 , Terek, European news, 19, 326; accepted records 1988, 527 , Upland, accepted Irish record 1986, 526 , Western, European news, 18, 325; field-characters of juveniles, 366, 369, plate 258; alternative identification of Eelixstowe stint, 375-80, plates 270-3 , White-rumped, European news, 18, 325; accepted records 1987-8, 523-4 , Wood, British breeding records 1987, 495 Sapsucker, Yellow-bellied, acce|)led Irish record 1988, 536, 543, |)lales 329-30 Saxicola ntietra, see Whinchat torquata, see Stonechat Scaup, British breeding records 1987, 485 , Lesser, photograph, 428, plate 287; accepted records 1988, 517 Schouten, Hans, 2nd place. Bird Photo- graph of the 5’ear 1989, 263, plate 167; award presentation, 426, plate 286; photo- graph of Black Eerns, 304, plate 202 Schulenberg, Ehomas S., what is Cox’s Sandpiper? (letter), 622-3 Scolopax nisticola, see Woodcock Scoter, Common, British breeding records 1987, 485-6; field-characters of American/ East Asian race, 615-6; nominate race with extensive yellow on bill, 616-8, plates 371-2 , Surf, European news, 15; accepted records 1986-8, 518-9 Scotocerca iiiqtiiela, see Warbler, Scrub Scums iwveboraceusis, see Waterthrush, North- ern Serin, British breeding records 1987, 503; accepted record 1971, 555 Seiimts serinus, see Serin Sevcik, Tan, photograph of Whiskered Eern, 306, plate 209 Seventy-five years ago, 13; 69; 1 15; 179; 226; 282; 331; 385; 398; 441; 563; 600 Shackleton, Keith, note on Long-tailed fit using foot to hold nut, 373-4 , , see Gillmor, Robert, et at. Shag, European news, 14 Sharrock,J. E. R., mysterv’ photograph 139: Willow l it, 25-7, plate 14; short reviews, 84-6, 227-8, 333, 574, 625-8; review of Stastny, Randik and Hudec: Alim Hnizdniho RozMfeni Pidku L CSSR 1973/77, 136; product report, 256-8; note on pipit- like gait of Ean-tailed Warbler, 330-1; review of Ali and Ripley: Compact Handbook of the Birds of India and Pakistan, 332; note on communal midday roosting by Long- tailed Tits in hot weather, 620 , , and Round, Philip 1)., Birdcrafi 2: pishing and scpieaking, 89-91 , -, Harris, Alan, and Mullarney, Killian, note on Desert Lark usitig Song Ehrush-like technique to break hard food item, 29-30, plates 16-17 , , see Chandler, R. J., et al. , , see Cillmor, Robert, el al. Shearwater, Cory’s, British record after October 1987 storm, 196, 198; E’airopean news, 321 , Creat, British records after October 1987 storm, 196; European news, 321 , Little, European news, 321; accepted records 1982-87, 508-9 , Manx, European news, 321 Index to Volume 82 655 Shearwater, Sooty, F.uropean news, 14, 321; British records after October 1987 storm, 19b, 198, 205 Shekluck, European news, 15; photograph, 46b, plate 3 1 1 Shepherd, Kevin B., see Riddiford, Nick Shirihai, Hadoram, PhotoSpot 27: Sinai Roseftnch, 52-5, plates 36-9; identification of Arabian Warbler, 97-1 13, plates 57-69; photographs of Namaqua Dove, 212-18, plates 136, 139-41, 143-6; photograph of Dunn’s Eark, 337, plate 235; European news, 14-25, 321-9, 349-55 , , and Gellert, M., Namaqua Doves breeding in Israel, 210-19, plates 136-46 Short reviews: Ali, 574; Beebe, 227-8; Bol- ton, 84; Bond, 84; Bruun and Serhal, 625; Bub and Dorsch, 625; Clark, 84; Cocker and Inskipp, 228; (iollar and Andrew, 84; Dalton, 84; Dalton and Bailey, 625; Elkins, 84; Ellis, 626; Eiuc/.ynski, 84; Ceister, 626; (Baser, 626; (iooders, 228; (ioodwin, 228; Hale, 228; Harbard, 626; Hill, 84-5; Hill, 626; Holden and Shar- rock, 228; Holmgren, 626; Rear, 85; Kep- pelman, 85; Eardelli, 333; Eentz, 626; Eewis and Pomeroy, 626; Eow, 574; Mac- Phail and Page, 627; Marshall and Haes, 85; Martyn, 574; Massa, 85; Mbckel, 627; Munro, 85; Nethersole- I hompson, 85-6; Oddie, 333; Pernin, 228; Petty, 627; Poole, 627; Rhodes, 333; Ripley, 574; Robertson, 86; Scott, 86; Simmons, 628; Soper and Eovegrove, 228; Stepnell and Dalby, 574; I'elleria, 86; I'ilgner, 628; I'yler and Ormerod. 86; van Delft. 228; Weller, 86 Shrike. Brown. European news, 353 , Isabelline, European news. 22. 353; accepted records 1975-88. 546. 553. plates 336-7 , Eesser (>rey. European news. 353; accepted record 1988. 554 , Red-backed. European news. 353; British breeding records 1987, 502-3 , Woodchat, accepted records 1986-8, 554 Silverbill, Indian, European news. 354 Siskin, unusual nest-site, 81 Skimmer, African. European news. 19-20 Skua, Arctic, field identification, 143-76, plates 97-107; British records after Octo- ber 1987 stonn, 197-8, 200, 204 , CJreat, British records after October 1987 storm, 197, 200, 204-5 , Eong-tailed. photographs, 40-1. plates 22-3; photograph, 132, plate 82; field identification, 143-76. plates 108-19; Brit- ish records after October 1987 storm, 198; European news, 326 Skua, Pomarine, field identification, 143-76, plates 91-6; British records after October 1987 storm, 197-8, 200, 204-5; European news, 326 Skylark, singing during attack by Merlin, 3 1 ; monthly marathon, 424, plate 285 Slater, (iolin, photographs of stint accepted as Semipalmated Sandpiper, 376, plates 270, 272 Smith, A. E., note on Black-headed (Bills in summer plumage in winter, 565 Smith, Don, see Chandler. R. J., et at. Smith, Philip H., note on (jreat White Egrets feeding in wake and robbing Black- headed Culls, 27 Snijie, (Beat, European news, 18; accepted record 1988, 525 , Swinhoe’s, field-characters and voice, 269-7 1 , plate 1 74 Soinaleria mollissima, see Eider speitabUis, see Eider, King Soper, Pony, opening hide at Slimbridge, 137, plate 88 Sora, European news, 324 Sorensen, Soren, European news, 321-9, 349-55 Sparrow, Dead Sea, European news, 354; first European record, Rhodes 1972, 380-1 , House, premonition of rain, 117; eating lichen, 447-8 . Savannah, accepted record 1987. 557 . Spanish, European news. 354 . 'Free, European news, 23 . White-crowned, on ‘QE2’. 568 Sparrowhawk, harassing party of Magpies, 1 16-7; attacking noctule bats. 564-5 Spencer, Robert, rare breeding birds in the L'nited Kingdom in 1987, 477-504 Sphyrapicus varius, see Sapsucker, 5’ellow- bellied Spi-a americana, see Dickcissel Spoonbill, European news, 14; photograph, 186. plate 124 . African, European news, 322 .Spracklen, Dominick, 5'oimg Ornithologist of the 5'ear 1988, 86; award presentation, 139, plate 89 Starling, attacking Swifts in flight. 118 , Daurian. on Fair Isle, May 1985, 603- 12, plates 361-9; field-characters of females and jmeniles, 621-2 , Rose-coloured, accepted records 1983- 8, 554-5 Stastny, Karel. European news, 14-25, 321- 9. 349-55 Stawarczvk. Fadeusz, European news, 14- 25. 321-9, 349-55 656 Index to I oliime 82 Stercorarius longicaiidus, see Skua, Long-tailed parasiticus, see Skua, Arctic pomarimis, see Skua, Pomarine skua, see Skua, Great Sterna albifrons, see 'Pern, Little anaethetus, see Lern, Bridled ben^alensis, see 'Pern, Lesser Crested bergii, see 1 ern. Crested caspia, see 1 ern, Caspian dougallii, see 'Pern, Roseate elegaris, see Pern, Pilegant forsteri, see Pern, Forster’s fuscata, see Pern, Sooty hinmdo, see Tern, Ciommon maxima, see Pern, Royal paradisaea, see Pern, Arctic sandvicensis, see Pern, Sandwich saundersi, see 'Pern, Saunders’s Little Stilt, Black-winged, British breeding record 1987, 492; accepted records, 1987-8, 520-1 Stint, Little, field-characters of juveniles, 360-2 , Long-toed, monthly marathon, 141; field identification of juveniles, 366-72, plates 259, 261, 263-4, 268 , Red-necked, European news, 325; field identification of juveniles, 360-9, plates 249-52, 254, 256-7, 269; in Humberside, July 1986, 391-5, plates 277-9 , Pemminck’s, British breeding records 1987, 493 Stonechat, accepted record of S.t.maura/ stejnegeri 1987-8, 540-1 Stone-curlew, Pairopean news, 18; British breeding records 1987, 492-3 Stork, Black, Piuropean news, 322; accepted records 1983-8, 513 Streptopelia decaocto, see Dove, C'ollared orientalis, see Dove, Rufous Piirtle senegalensis, see Do\e, Laughing Strix nebtdosa, see Owl, (ireat (irey Studies of West Palearctic birds: 189, Mag- pie, 583-600, plates 353-8 Stumus roseus, see Starling, Rose-coloured stuminus, see Starling, Daurian vulgaris, see Starling Sula bassaiia, see fiannet sula, see Booby, Red-footed Sultana, Joe, and Gauci, Ciharles, Pairopean news, 14-25, 321-9, 349-55 Sutton, (iraham, photograph of Pectoral Sandpiper, 122, plate 72; of (Jreenshank, 348, 410, plate 238, 282; of Semipalmated Sandpiper, 523, plate 326 Swallow', GlilT, accepted record 1988, 537-8 , Red-rumped, European news, 20-1, 328; acce|)ted records 1986-8, 536-7 Swan, Bewick’s, European news, 14 , W'hooper, E,uro|)ean news, 14-5; Brit- ish breeding records 1987, 483 Swift, attacked in flight by Starlings, 1 18 , Alpine, European news, 20, 328; accepted records 1987-8, 534-5 , Little, P'uropean news, 20, 328; accepted records 1984-8, 535 , Needle-tailed, accepted record 1988, 534 , Pallid, Pmropean news, 20 , White-rumped, PTiropean news, 20 Sylvia atricapilla, see Blackcap cantiilans, see Warbler, Subalpine cumica, see Whitethroat, Lesser deseilicola, see Warbler, 'Pristram’s Iwrtensis, see Warbler, Orphean leucomelaena, see Warbler, Arabian melauocephala, see Warbler, Sardinian liana, see Warbler, Desert nieppelli, see W’arbler, Riippell’s uiidata, see Warbler, Dartford Tachybaptus rujicoUis, see (jrebe. Little Tadonia tadonia, see Shelduck Parrant, M. J., photograph of (iull-billed 'Pern, 1 1, plate 9; of Raven, 288, plate 185; of Black Redstart, 544, plate 332 Tarsiger cyamirus, see Bluetail, Red-flanked 'I’aylor, Moss, points of view 17: will sup- pression become the norm?, 134-5 Peal, Pairopean news, 15, 323; accepted records of .4.c. carolinensis 1987-8, 515 , Blue-winged, PTiropean news, 15, 323; photograph, 45, plate 33; accepted re- cords 1983-8, 515 'Peixeira, Antonio M., European news, 14-25 Teratliopius ecaudatus, see Bateleur Pern, Arctic, British records after October 1987 storm, 205; P',uro|5ean news, 327; wing pattern, 414-6 , Black, British records after October 1987 storm, 197, 202, 205; identification in juvenile and winter plumages, 296-319, plates 201-4, 221-7, 229 , Bridled, accepted records 1988, 531-2, 544, plates 327-8, 331 , Ckispian, PTiropean news, 19, 327; accepted records 1987-8, 530-1 , Gommon, British records after Octo- ber 1987 storm, 201; Eairo|)ean news, 327; wing pattern, 414-6 , Chested, field-characters, 413-4 , Elegant, European news, 327 , Eorster’s, field-characters, 7, 13, plate 10; photograph, 295, plate 193; accepted records 1987-8, 531 , (Mill-billed, field identification, 3-13, Index to I olnme 82 657 plalfs 2-10; Kuropean news, 327; accepted records 1987-8, 530 , Lesser Crested, F.uropean news, 327; in (iwynedd, July 1982, 390-8; field char- acters, 411-3; accepted records 1987-8, 531 , Little, British records after October 1987 storm, 201 , Roseate, field-characters ofjiivenile, 7; European news, 327; British breeding records 1987, 490 , Royal, field characters, 41 1-3 , Sandwich, field identification, 3-13; apparently using roads as navigational cues, 117; British records after October 1987 storm, 201, 204; Kuropean news, 327; with all-yellow bill, 414 , Saunders’s Lillie, Kuropean news, 19 , Sooty, Kuropean news, 19, 327 , Whiskered, identification in juvenile and winter plumages, 290-319, plates 190- 8, 205-12, 228; Kuropean news, 328; accepted records 1987-8, 532-3 , White-winged Black, identification in juvenile and winter plumages, 290-319, plates 199-200, 213-20, 230; Kuropean news, 328; accepted records 1980-8, 533 1 hatcher, Margaret, C'.onser\ation, 440-1, plate 293 Thevenot, Michel, Kuropean news, 14-25, 321-9, 349-55 I homas, Brian, photograph of Sabine’s (iiill, 44. plate 30; of Ring-billed (lull, 187, plate 125; of Black Kern, 314, plate 223 Thrasher, Brown, overtaking ‘QK2’, 508-9 Thrush, Black-throated, Kuropean news, 350 , Blue Rock, European news, 21 , Dusky, accepted record 1987, 542 , Eve-browed, Kuropean news. 350 , Gray-cheeked, accepted Irish record 1988. 542 , Hermit. European news, 21 , Rock, Kuropean news, 350; accepted record 1988, 541-2 , Swainson’s, accepted record 1987, 542 , \ aried, accepted record 1982, ,542 , White’s, Kuropean news, 3,50, plates 240-1 Tichodrmua muraiia, see Wallcreeper 'Kipling, David, photograph of crowd watch- ing Golden-winged Warbler, 290, plate 187; of W axwing, 293, plate 190; of Torsier’s "lern, 295, plate 193; of North- ern Oriole. 430, plate 289; of Desert Wheatear, 431, plate 290; of Baillon s Crake, 461, plate 303 Tit, Azure, Kuropean news, 22. 353 1 it. Bearded, European news, 353 -, Blue, nesting in old Blackbird nest, 80, plate 54; Kuropean news, 353 , Coal, Kuropean news, 353; reaction to nearby nesting House Martins, 374; photograph, 465, plate 309 , I.ong-tailed, using foot to hold nut, 373-4; communal midday roosting in hot weather, 620 , Marsh, photograph, 465, plate 309 , Penduline, European news, 22, 353; photograph, 131, plate 80; accepted re- cords 1988, 553; photograph, 581, plate 352 — , Willow, mystery photograph, 25-7, plate 14 Tomlinson, Da\'id, photograph of Gull- billed 'Tern, 6, jilate 6; of the ‘COirisi- church Choggers’, 453, plate 295 Torsos Inicheliotus, see \'ullure, I.appei-faced Toxostoma ru/um, see Thrasher, Brown Treecreeper, Short-toed, European news. 22 Trini’a Ji(ivi/)es, see \'ellowlegs. Lesser ^lareola, see Sandpiper, W'ood melanoleuca, see 5'ellowlegs, (irealer ni’hiilaiin, see (ireenshank solitann, see Sandpiper, Solitars slagnalili.s, see Sandpiper, .Marsh totanus, see Redshank Troglodytes troglodytes, see W ren Tnngites subrufuollis. see Sandpiper. BufT- breasled Tucker, \'ic. note on Peregrine eating prey on the wing, 620 Tiirdiis iliaais, see Red\s ing nieniln, see Blackbird migratoiius. see Robin, .American ohscurus, see Thrush. Kye-browed naumanni, see Thrush. Dusky pilaris, see Kieldfare rufiroltis, see Thrush, Black-throated torqiiatus, see Ouzel, Ring Tumix sylvatica, see Hemipode, .Andalusian Tyto alba, see Owl, Barn L'eki, Yasuo, photograph of Long-toed Stint. 367, plate 263 L’llman. .Magnus, letter on wing patterns of Common and .Arctic Terns, 414-6 I'pufM epops, see Hoopoe I'ria aalge, see Guillemot lomvia, see Guillemot. Briinnich's van den Berg. .Amoud, photograph of Gull- 658 Index to J oliime 82 billed I'ern, 10, plate 8; of Red-footed Falcons, 17, plate 1 1; of Pine Bunting, 23, plate 12; of Black-faced Bunting, 23, plate 13; of Pomarine Skua, 149, plate 96; of Xainaqua Dove, 214, plate 140; of Pied W’heatear, 349, plate 239; of Desert Warb- ler, 351, plate 243 \’arty, Clive, obituarN’ of Arthur Gilpin, Hon. ,\lSc, FRPS (1908-1988), 229 Vemiivam c/iiy'ioplera, see Warbler, Golden- winged \’ines, P., photographs of W hite-winged Black Fern, 309, plates 213-4 \ inicombe, K. E., field identification of (iull-billed Fern, 3-13, plates 2-10 I'ireo olivaceus, see \’ireo. Red-eyed \'ireo, Red-eyed, photographs, 133, plates 85-6; European news, 354; accepted re- cords 1985-8, 555; on ‘QE2’, 569 \’oice: Hen Harrier, 93-6; Swinhoe’s Snipe, 271 N'ulture, (irilTon, European news, 324 , Eappet-faced, European news, 16 Wagtail, Citrine, European news, 21, 329; accepted records 1987-8, 539 , Grey, fighting with Goldfinch, 447 , Pied, European news, 21, 329 , 5’ellow, European news, 21, 329; accepted records at' M.fjeldegg, 1985-8, 539 Wal ic/.ky, /oltan, see Magyar, Gabor Wallace, 1). 1. M., note on field characters and voice of Swinhoe’s .Snipe, 269-71, plate I 74 Wallcreeper, European news, 22, 353 W arhler. Aquatic, myster\’ photograph, 26, 69, plate 15, 46 , .Arabian, field identification, 97-113 (& 636), plates 57-69 , .Arctic, European news, 22, 352; photo- graphs, 129, plates 74-5; accepted records 1988, 549 , Blackpoll, accepted record 1988, 557 , Blyth’s Reed, European news, 22, 350 , Bonelli’s, Wood Warbler in West (damorgan showing field-characters of Bonelli’s, 275-7, 636; accepted records 1988, 552-3 , Booted, European news, 350-1; accepted record 1988, 547 , Cietli’s, European news, 350; British breeding records 1987, 499-500 , Dartlord, Euro|)ean news, 22, 350; |)hologra|)h, 295, plate 194; British breed- ing records 1987, 500-1 Warblei\J)esert, European news, 351, plates 242-3; accepted record 1988, 548 , Dusky, European news, 22, 352-3, plate 245; accepted records 1985-8, 552 , Ean-tailed, pipit-like gait, 330-1; monthly marathon, 390, plate 276 , (iolden-winged, photographs, 290-1, plates 186-8 , Graceful, field identification, 78-9, plates 50, 52-3 , Grasshopper, European news, 21 , (ireat Reed, European news, 22, 350; feeding from spiders’ webs, 373; accepted records 1988, 547 , Greenish, European news, 22, 351; accepted records 1987-8, 549 , Icterine, European news, 22, 351; photograph, 45, plate 31 , Eanceolated, mystery photograph, 260, 319, plate 165, 231; European news, 350; accepted records 1987-8, 547 , Marsh, European news, 22; breeding status in Britain, 239-56, plates 159-61; British breeding records 1987, 500 , Melodious, European news, 22 , Moustached, European news, 22 , Orphean, field-characters, 98-107, ])lales 60-2, 67-8; European news, 351 , Paddyfield, European news, 22, 350; accepted record 1988, 547 , Pallas’s, European news, 22, 352; photographs, 132, plates 83-4; accepted records 1987-8, 549-50 , Pallas’s Grasshopper, European news, 21, 350; European news, 350; accepted records 1988, 542 , Palm, probable on ‘QE2’, 569 , Radde’s, European news, 22, 352, plate 244; photograph, 128, plate 73; accepted records 1988, 550-2, plate 339 , Reed, early migrant in Hen Harrier pellet, 31 , River, European news, 21 , Riippell’s, European news, 351 , .Sardinian, accepted records 1988, 548 , Savi’s, European news, 21, 350; walk- ing gait on ground, 331; British breeding records 1987, 500 , Scrub, field identification, 78-9, plate 51 , Subalpine, European news, 22, 351; accepted records 1987-8, 548 , Fristram’s, Euro|)ean news, 22 , \Vilson’s, accejtted record 1985, 557 , Wood, male in West (Jhimorgan show- ing some field-characters of Bonelli’s, 27.5-7, 636 , A’ellow-browed, European news, 22, 352 Index to 1 olume 82 659 Warbler, \ ellow-rumped, accepiecl record 1986, 556-7 Warren, R. B., note on Red Kite and Black Kite lollowing mowing machine, 1 16 Waterthrush, Northern, photograph, 131, plate 79; accejited record 1988, 557 Waxwing, photographs, 185, 236, 293, plates 122-3, 155-6, 190; Fairopean news, 329 Weston, Mike, photograph of Crested Lark, 320, 346, plate 232, 237 Wheatear, photograph, 46 (& 636), plate 34; premonition of rain, 117; field-character, 224 , Black-eared, European news, 349; accepted records 1987-8, 541 , Desert, lairopean news, 349; photo- graph, 431, plate 290; accepted records 1988, 541 , Isahelline, European news, 21, 349; photograph, 134, plate 87; field-character, 224; accepted record 1988, 541 , Pied, European news, 349, plate 239; accepted records 1988, 541 W hinchat, premonition of rain, 117 Whitethroat, Lesser, possible association with oaks, 448 Wigeon, American, European news, 15, 323; accepted records 1986-8, 514-5 Wilde, James, letter on birdwatchers and rare birds, 623 W ilkes, M. C., photograph of Marsh Warb- ler, 241, plate 159; of Red Grouse, 266, plate 173; of Magpie, 591, plate 355 Wilkinson, Da\id M., note on Magpie eating wasp, 118 W illiams, Robin, photograph of Black fem, 314, plate 222 Williams, Ruth, twitchers welcome in Orkney (letter), 31-2 WHsonia pusilla, see Warbler, Wilson’s Withers, Martin, see Bignal, Eric W oodcock, European news, 326 Woodlark, British breeding records 1987, 496-7 W oodpecker, Black, European news, 328 , (ireen, European news, 20 Woodpecker, Ehree-toed, European news, 20 , White-backed, European news, 328 Woolfall, S. J., see Kirbv,J. S. Wren, behaviour at communal roost, 48-52; photograph, 464, plate 308 Wright, Eric, see Roworth, Peter Wr\ neck, British breeding records 1987, 496 Xenus cinereus, see Sandpiper, Eerek 5’ellowlegs, Greater, European news, 326 , Lesser, European news, 18-9, 326; accepted records 1987-8, 526 5'oung, Steve, photograph of Sabine’s Gull, 44, plate 29; of Grey Phalarope, 45, plate 32; of Long-tailed Skua. 132, plate 82: of Pallas’s Warbler, 132, plates 83-4; of Pheasant, 142, plate 90; of Waxwings, 236, plates 155-6; of Double-crested Gor- morant, 284, plate 181: of Long-tailed Duck, 285, plate 183; of Iceland (iull with Herring Gulls, 294, plate 192; of (Jarga- ney, 459, plate 301; of Skylark, 424, plate 285; of Baillon's Grake, 4()L jilate 304; of Gurlew, 470, plate 318; of Bridled l em, 544, plate 331 Youngs, Jeff, photograph of Double-crested Cormorant, 284, plate 180; of Buff- breasted Sandpiper, 579. plate 350; of •Semipalmated .Sandpiper. 634. plate 374 /binden. Niklaus, European news. 14-25, 321-9, 349-55 Zenaida macroura, see Dove, Mourning Zonotrichia leucophns, see .Sparrow, \Vhite- crowiied Zoothera dauma, see Thrush, White’s naei’ia, see Thrush, \’aried I » *1 . British Birds Volume 82 (1989) Main contents jANl'ARV 1 (iray Catbird in C!o. Cork: new to Britain and Ireland Ken Preston 3 Field identification of (iull-billed Tern K. E. Vinicombe; illustrated by Alan Harris 14 European news I'KRRl ARV 48 ObseiAations at a Wren roost B. I). Harding 52 PhotoSpot 27 Sinai Roselinch H. Shirihai 5fi (ioshawk breeding habitat in lowland Britain Anon. 81 Obituary; Anthony Roger Morley Blake (1924-1988) R. .4. Hume 89 Birdcraft 2 Pishing and squeaking /> /. T R. Sharrock and Philip I). Round NtARCII 93 Srpieal call of the Hen Harrier at winter roost R. Harold 97 Identification of Arabian Warbler Hadoram Shirihai: illmtrated by .Alan Harris 134 Points ol view 17 Will suppression become the nonn? Dr .Moss Taylor Al’RII. 143 Held identification of the smaller skuas Klaus .Mailing Olsen; illustrated by Dm jonsson w.w 191 Sabine’s (iulls and other seabirds after the October 1987 storm R. .4. Hume and D. .4. Christie 211) Namacjua Doves breeding in Israel H. Shirihai and .M. Cellert IINF. 239 Marsh Warblers in Britain Dr .M. C. Kel.sey, (1. H. Green, Dr .M. C. Garnett and P. E. Dayman 261 Bird Photograph of the War Dr R. J. Chandler, Eric Ho.sking, Dr J. T. R. Sharrock and Don .Smith iriA- 296 Identification of marsh terns in juvenile and winter plumages Per .Alstrbm 321 European news AL(;rsT 339 Bird Illustrator of the 5’ear Robert Gillmor, .Alan Harris, Keith Shackleton and Dr f. T. R. Sharrock 349 European news 360 The identification of Juvenile Red-necked and Eong-toed Stints Per .Alstrbm atui Urban Olsson SF.PTKMBK.R 391 Red-necked Stint: new to Britain and Ireland Brett Richards 39() Lesser Crested Eern; new to Britain and Ireland C. Hurjord 399 Curlew Sandpipers in Britain and Ireland in autumn 1988 /. S. Kirby, K. K. Kirby and S. J. Wool fall ()c:tobfr 434 Conservation Rt Hon. Paddy .Ashdown .ME, Rt Hon. .Xeil Kinnock .MP; Rt Hon. Margaret Thatcher ERS .MP 442 Little Bitterns breeding in South 5'orkshire .Andrew .M. .Allport and David Carroll 450 The Best Bird Book of the 5’ear 462 Best recent black-and-white bird photographs Dr R. J. Chandler, Eric Ho.sking, IPr J. T. R. .Shairock and Don Smith 474 PhotoSpot 28 Canar\ Islands Chaffinch .Andreiv S. Butler All Rare breeding birds in the United Kingdom in 1987 Robert Spencer ami the Rare Breeding Birds Panel N()\T.,\tBFR 505 Report on rare birds in Great Britain in 1988 .Michael J. Rogers and the Rarities Committee DFCFMBFR 583 Studies of West Palearctic birds 189 Magpie Dr T. R. Birkhead 603 Daurian Starling: new to the Western Palearctic Sick Riddiford, Paul E. Han'ey and Krvin B. Shepherd V'INNKR, HIRI) ILLUS TRA'I'OR OF FUF, YEAR 1989 (see pages 339-846): Little Ringed Plover j displaying {John Cox) BOOKS — Handle with Care Name . Address If undelivered, please return to Chapman Brooks Bookbinders Ltd, 173 Elmers End Road, Beckenham, Kent BR3 4SZ To Chapman Brooks Bookbinders Ltd, 173 Elmers End Road, Beckenham, Kent BR3 4SZ I enclose cheque/P.O. for for binding {The rate for binding is £14. 75 per volume) Please Jill in your name and address in both spaces on this page Please protect your issues and pack carefully when posting If you require an acknowledgment, please enclose an SAE and also fill in your name and address in the space below; the lower half of this sheet will then be sent back to you as a receipt; the upper is the label for the return of your bound volume. Name . Address (P.T.O. Please complete the binding form overleaf Receipt for British Birds binding From Chapman Brooks Bookbinders I.td, 173 Elmers End Road, Beckenham, Kent BR3 4SZ H e acknowledge with thanks receipt of your issues 0/ British Birds /or binding, and your cheque/ P.O. for £ Date CHAPMAN BROOKS BOOKBINDERS LTD Printed »n Englond by Newnorfh Print Limited, Kempsfon. Bedford British Birds ToJum^ January 1989 ■ 5ray Cstbird: new to Britan and Ireland I Identification of GuU-billed Tern Euro{)ean news mtery photographs • Notes • Monthly maratho^" dltd comment • September reports ■ Recent reports rtf British Birds Managing Editor Dr J. T. R. Sharrock Personal Assistant Sheila D. Cobban Assistant Editors Dr Mark Boyd 8c David A. Christie Editorial Board Dr R. J. Chandler, Dr M. A. Ogilvie, R. J. Prytherch & Dr J. T. R. Sharrock Photographic Consultants Dr R. J. Chandler & Don Smith Art Consultants Robert Gillmor & Alan Harris Rarities Committee P. G. Lansdown (Chairman), D. J. Britton, Alan Brown, A. R. Dean, S. J. M. Gantlett, R. A. Hume, T. P. Inskipp, J. H. Marchant, I. S. Robertson & K. E. Vinicombe; Peter Colston (Museum Consultant & Archivist); Michael J. Rogers (Honorary Secretary) Notes Panels bf.ha\ lOl R Dr C. J. Bibby, Dr J. J. M. Flegg, Derek Goodwin, Dr I. Newton, Dr M. A. Ogilvie, Dr J. T. R. Sharrock & Dr K. E. L. Simmons; iDKNTiriCATlON Dr R. J. Chandler, A. R. Dean, T. P. Inskipp, P. G. Lansdown, S. C. Madge & Dr J. T. R. Sharrock ‘British Birds’ is published by a non-profit-making company for the benefit of ornithology © Brilish Birds I.ld 1989 (dipyri^lit of photographs remains with photographers. British Birds is published monthly by Brilish Birds Ltd, 93 Hii^h Street. Biggleswade, Bedfordshire LSSN (MM)7-0335 Publishing Manager, Production & Promotion Dr J. T. R. Sharrock Circulation Manager Erika Sharrock Design Deborah Felts Advertising Sandra Barnes A J J Please keep correspondence on diflerenl items separate. Please address your ./\.ClClrCSS0S envelope correctly. Please supply SAK. if reply required. Papers, notes, letters, drawings & photographs for publication DrJ. T. R. Sharrock, Fountain.s, Park Lane, Hlunliam, Bedford MK44 3NJ Subscriptions and orders for back copies Mrs Erika Sharrock, Fountains, Park Lane, Blunham, Bedford MK44 3NJ Advertising Mrs Sandra Barnes, BB Advertising, c/o f ountains, Park Lane, Blunham, Bedford .MK44 3N). Phone: Tiptree (0621) 81508.') Bird news for ‘Monthly reports' Barry' Nightingale, Ian Dawson & Keith Allsopp, c/o 7 Bloomsbur)' Close, W’obum, Bedfordshire MK17 9QS. Phone: Woburn (0525) 290314 (evenings); Luton (0582) 490049 (office hours) News items for ‘News and comment’ Mike Everett & Robin Pr)'therch, 7 Burlington Way, Hemingford Grey, Huntingdon PF.I8 9B.S Rarity descriptions M.J. Rogers, Bag End, Churchtown, I'owednack, Cornwall TR26 3A/. Special book and sound recording offers British BirdShop, NHBS, 2 Wills Road, Fotnes, Devon TQ9 .SXN. Phone: Totnes (0803) 865913 Annual subscriptions (12 issues and index) Libraries and agencies £31.50. 1R£38.50 or $62.20. Personal subscriptions: UK, Europe and surface mail £25.80, IR£31.60 or $49.50; personal: airmail outside Europe £43.00, 1R£52.70 or $85.00. Single back copies £3.25, IR£4.00 or $6.50. Make all cheques payable to British Birds Ltd. Payment may also be made directly into UK Post Office GIRO account number 37 588 6303. British Birds publishes material dealing with original observ ations on the birds of the West Palearctic. Kxt epl h>r records of rarities, papers and notes are normally accepted only on condition that material is not being tiflered in whole or in part to any other journal. Photographs and sketches are welcomed. Papers should be typewritten with double spacing, and wide margins, and on one side of the sheet only. Authors should carefully consult this issue for style ol jiresentation, especially of references and tables. I'.nglish and scientific names and secpiences of birds follow The 'British Birds' List of Birds of the Western Palearctic (1984): names of plants follow Dony rl ai (1980. English Names of Wild Flowers); names of mammals follow Corbet & Southern (1977. The I landbg inairurtion on how to get to the Reserve, a description of the tkrd Irte you are kkefy to view, together with your tn Focus Guest Ticket Preference wilt be given to guests who have received invitations APPIY NOW TO AVOID DISAPPOINTMENT' LEFTZ TRIN0V10 Ex derrx) models at low prices Fast come first Mfved' WEST ZEISS £ OiafylB X 20B 189 00 D«l^ to X 256 209X Oa(yt8x20eGA 229 00 Dialyt8x30BGAT Phone Oiaiyt 7 X 428GAT Phone 0iafvl8x306GAT Phone Oialyt 10 X 406T Phone Oialyt 10 X 406QAT Phone 0ttfyl8x56BGAT Phone Porro15x60GAT Phone Aooessones Ramguard 5X 4X Eye cups, rubber (set) lOX Eye cups, hard(sel) 10X Spare case tor 10x406GAT 26X LEITZ E Tftoovid8x 20BC 235 X TrtnovidS x 206CA 247 X Tnnovx) 10 « 2S8C 247 X Tnnovid 10 x 236CA 2S9X 14X Tnnovid7 x 35BA 399 X 445 X TanovxJ? x 42BA Phone Tiwoms > 40BA Phone Titoovid 10 X 406a Phone TrtnovK) to X 40BAN Phone 34X 40X Ramguard ex NIKON E 7x206 74 95 9x256 79 95 8 * 206 Roof Pnsm 134 95 10 X 256 Roof Pnsm 149 95 9 X 306 Roof Pnsm 239X 8x30B2CF 169X 10x38BZCF 20900 30 X 60 Fieldsoooe 26000 20K80Fw(d«:op«Ed 409 00 '5x, 30x. 40« . 60« Eye pieces (each) 6500 FSlarnng 14 25 HueUViftei 4200 ftobberhood 1025 795 Photo Ks 157 X ADLERBLICK £ 8x326 123X 8x426 120X 10x406 12SX to X SOB 130X 7m2iB 1XX OPTOLYTH E Alpm 7 X 426GA X7X Alpin 8 X 406GA 2XX Alpm 10 X 40BGA 206X Alpm 10 X 50BGA 221 X Touring 7x42 BOA Phone Tounng 10 x 406GA Phone Osins 8 X 40GA 145X Osins 10 X 40OA 147X 4X TGX 3XX TBS8045 3XX Xx WA XX Xx 57 X 40x XX 35X OPT1CRON E EMo9x36 1XX 8 X 42B 110X 10x42B 114X 60mm HR Body IXX 60mm HR Body 45' 1XX 60mm HRGA Body 155X X X -X X Zoom XX 22x WA XX XX Case tor HR 15X Piccotobody 107 X 15 x-X X zoom 45 X X X or 40 X each 22X tsx Oplicfon Inpod 59 95 KOWA £ TSX1 165 X TS602 IXX Xx WA 47 X Xx 41 X 41 X X X-X X zoom 93X TSN-1 235X 23SX TSN-3 435X TSN-4 4XX XX 25 X 45 X 45X XX Case tor Kowa 19 X pfwtoKittorTSN XX SWIFT £ AudubonS 5 x 44 IXX 1XX LEMSFORD SPRINGS FIELD SUNDAY DATES IS JANUARY 20 FEBRUARY OPEN DAY lOem - 4pm With the kirxl co-operation of the Herts and Middx WPdMe Trust In Focus are now able to otter customers a unique opportusty to uee. compare and purchase quality optical equ^jment under lield contMons Lametord Springs Nature Reserve « situaied approxvnalety 20 m4es north of London and « fuel 1 5 rnms drive Irom June 23 on the M25 rnotonway Th« compact weP managed reserve has a good variety of turd iHe and customers can expect good views of water and woodland birds Veiiors are irwited to take advantage of the ample partong to the ngN of toe reserve gate toen make Ihew way to reception At this pomt customers can discuss thev ndrvidual requirsments with our lechrscal staff txnoculars are eaoed from Vss pomt arxf can be used on a woodlarto wak or m a private hde where a lul range of telescopes can also be viewed For further ntormakon arto (SrecSons please contact IN FOCUS NEW CULLMANN HIDE MOUNT £49.95 BUSHNELL FREE CASE WHEN YOU BUY A KOWA! 15 x A 200m 79 00 X '( -X X room 66 00 22x WA 39 00 X X or 40 X each 29 00 Photo KjI 2500 Case 1500 Customs X 368 179 00 Custom 10x406 18900 CARL ZEISS JENA e Tumum 8 x 21 Morx> 39 95 JenoptemS x X 44 95 Jenopiem 10 x 50 69 95 DelirmtemS x X 54 95 Oefinntem 10 x X 88 95 Notarem 8 x 326 114 95 Notarem 10 x 406 149 95 Octaremd x XB 199 95 HABICMT £ Diana 10*408 Phone BRESSER £ 8 X 40GARoofP 119X 10 X 40GARootP 119X 7 K 428GA Lux 135X 10 X 428GALUX 149 00 10 X SOBGALux 16500 Oiont? X 426GA 179 00 Dtont 10 X 42BGA 189 00 MIRADOR £ 8x426 11000 10*428 114X 10 X 506 12200 Mertm25 * 60 97 X Medm 18 X -40 X X 129X MerlmX * 75 119TO Mer1m22 x-47 * 75 157 X Case tor Merlm 15X MANFROTTO TRIPODS £ MmiPro190 XX Base 144 45 X Basic 144 black 50X 128 FiM head 34 95 Emiight200 39 95 Tnpod strap 995 Pro Mono Pod 24 95 SLIK TRIPODS £ Ga2etto95D 37 95 3W(35DN 57 96 Master 02 6995 SL67 104 95 Black Diamond 85 95 SM(88 66 95 Monopods from 1SX Tnpod strap 695 OUESTAR £ Field Model 3W wsh broad band coating si^ipked with 50> -80x (24mm) Lana Hood Photo K4 and Case 2.242 00 Xx-1Xx (16mm) 110X CENTURY £ F«ld Model GA 60mm IXX 20 * -45 X toom 49 X 20x. X*. 40< eye pieces (each) 19X Case 16 95 BARBOUR £ The best Bntsh ctotomg tor toe worst Bnhsh weather Durham Jacket 52 95 32" to 4e Bedale Jacket 2Tto30" 45 45 3^ 1046' X95 Gamefair Jacket 76 95 3T to 46' Beafort Jacket 62 95 3rto4r Bender Jacket 69 95 32" to 46- BurgNey Jacket 96 95 36' to 44 Northumbria Jacket 91 45 36-to46- Linings 19 45 Hoods 11 45 Send tor colour Bartiour catalogue Post FREE on Barbour TELESCOPES AND TRIPOD OirrFTTS K you purchase a scope and topod at toe s»ne Mne we can offer ^ a very speoaf pnee' PHONE FOR A QUOTE ACCESSORIES E Car Window mount 22X Owersal mourt 2200 3800 3800 CuBmannSi Pod 24 95 995 3X 3X Leatoar lanyard 3X Tnpod strap 695 PERSONAL Callers Can chooee and select from our comprehensive range of eqmp meni Corripare Zees w4h Le«u Optolyto wito Kowa or NAon We are a comptotety 0x40 BAN 539 00 Tnnovid 8x20 BCA 247 00 Tnnovid 10x25 BCA 245 00 Alpin 8x40 BGA 200 00 i Alpin 10x40 BGA 205 00 Alp.n 10x50 BGA 221 00 TELESCOPES 30x75 GA 31800 22x70 GA 290 00 V 30x60 GA 363 00 •T890 GA body 334 00 - TBSBO GA body 320 00 -Eytpioces 20xWA 88 00 20x 56 00 30* 5700 40x 58 00 OPTICRON Minorva 8x40 170 00 Minorva 10x40 175 00 Now HR 6x42 140 00 £litt 9x35 185 00 ‘IB 8x32 93 00 8x42 11000 10x42 11400 10x50 122 00 TELESCOPES •1 B Strpighi 60mm 128 00 Ollsoi 50mm 150 00 ■xod moq oyopiects 28 00 Zoom 20« 60i> Piccolo body Ey«pi*ca» Ifom Zoom Classic Straight 75mm Fuad mag ayapiacas Zoom Tripod Window clamp Univarsal clamp Hida clamp 65 00 !07 00 22 00 45 00 >07 00 1800 5000 59 95 22 00 22 00 36 00 NIKON 8x30 2CF 196 00 10x35 2CF 21800 8x40 OCF 533 00 395 00 E 0 20x60 489 00 Spotting scope 269 00 Eyepieces 1 5x 30* 40x 63 00 Photo adapt 149 50 F 0 Adapt nrvg 1500 BUSHNELL TELESCOPES Custom 8x36 179 00 Custom 10x40 189 00 Spacemaster 60mm 140 00 Fixed mag E P 35 00 Zoom 15x 45x 79 00 Discovertr 15-60x60 199 00 ADLERBLICK 8x42 120 00 10x42 128 50 10x50 139 00 Add El 8 for R A models TELESCOPES Mufticoated 169 95 Multicoated 179 95 Multicoated 196 95 BRESSER *Naw Corvatie e>42 Our showroom is set in 7 acres of private grounds with ample, free and safe parking. Testing Wilities are probably the best in the country. Viewing from the showroom is across a large pool with its various bird visitors and to more . distant views of the countryside. Why not try the unhurried experience of testing equipment in the heart of our beautiful Warwickshire countryside in a completely relaxed atmosphere? Visits to our showroom often turn out to be more of a social occasion than a shopping expedition. TELESCOPES Merlin 60mm 79 00 75mm 107 00 Fixed mag eyepieces 1800 Zoom eyepieces 50 00 OPTIMA TELESCOPE Super 60mm RA 150 00 Eyepteces 15x 20x 30x 40x 25 X Zoom 20-45x 65 X MINOLTA Mariner 10x40 199 99 8x32 179 99 Compact 8x24 74 99 ZEISS JENA Noierem 6x32 114 95 10x40 144 97 Jenoptem 8x30 44 95 Oeflrtntem 8x30 54 95 Oefiarem 10x50 89 95 1 QUESTAR A»k for quo4aiior> on aM modofs SLIK D2 69 95 Full rartge of SlA models >n stock MANFROTTO 144 basic 45 X 144 black XX 128 mini video r>ead 34 95 IX mini pro 35 X 2X compact head 39 95 OPTICRON lOxX 129 X Luchf 10x42 162 X tOxX 164 X AddfUlorR A t»r>aar 8x42 124 96 L>r*aar 10n42 124 95 0«rrt 10x42 178X 1 KOWA TELESCOPES T$N 1 77mm 231 X TSN 2 77mm 218X TSN 3 77mm 441 X TSN 4 77mm 414X 20* WA 66X 25i 42 X 40x 42 X 20* 60* teem 9BX Casa 19X TSXt 60mm I8SX TS X2 60mm 165 X 20* WA 47X 25x 41 X 40* 41 X 20k 60* room 93 X Compaa bmecuiars 7x22 84 X HABICHT Diana 10x40 WM 341 X SxXWCAP 287 X 7x42 SL 364X 10x40 SL 407 X 8x30 SLC 302X SWIFT Aradubon 8 5x44 168 X Osprev 7 5x42 134 50 TELESCOPE Teiemasiar 15-60xX 275 X MIRAOOR I Trvod 59 95 Trtpod Strap 6 75 S>42 10s42 >0«50 11000 114 00 124 00 ‘'ENING TIMES Shown here is a small selection of our vast am — 5 pm Monday to Saturday r»ng« optical equipment & acceesoriee. CESSORIES e range of eyecups, rainguards, lens caps, lanyards, cases etc :D BARGAINS ranteed, secondhand equipment available at bargain prices ORT FACILITIES onal and postal export orders welcomed IKAGE DEALS ictive discounts Phone for quotations L ORDER red postage and packing FREE OF CHARGE. Goods are despatched promptly upon ipt of full remittance Use your ACCESS or VISA card to order by telephone E &O E Prices correct at 1 9 88 CUS OPTICS, CHURCH LANE, CORLEY, COVENTRY CV7 8BA. Tel: (0676) 40501 111 (D453) VOYAGES JULES VERNE’S NATURAL WORLD 1989 BIRDWATCHING TOURS HONG KONG - ISRAEL - POLAND - PORTUGAL - SPAIN TURKEY - YUGOSLAVIA WILDLIFE TOURS GORILLAS OF RWANDA - WHALES OF CALIFORNIA NORTH CAPE, ARCTIC - VENEZUELA - SABAH, NORTH BORNEO ECUADOR AND GALAPAGOS - MADAGASCAR ANTARCTICA, FALKLANDS, SOUTH GEORGIA All tours are carefully designed by our own leaders, who lcx>k forward to sharing with you their expert knowledge of the areas to be visited and the exciting bird and wildlife to be found. ARTA Details and brochure from: VOYAGES JULES VERNE’S NATURAL WORLD 21 DORSET SQUARE, LONDON NWl 6QG Tel: 01-724 6624 ABTA 68215 (D423) NATURETREK WALKING WILDLIFE HOLIDAYS 1989 including BIRDING TOURS Sc TREKS in INDONESIA BOTSWANA AUSTRALIA GALAPAGOS NEW ZEALAND SOUTHERN INDIA NEPAL • KENYA BHUTAN • ZAMBIA ^ LADAKH • ETHIOPIA g KASHMIR • MOROCCO For our brochure please ' contact David Mills 40 The Dean, Alresford. Hants S024 9AZ Tel: 0962 733051 ERYRI BIRDS Come birdwatching with us in Morocco - January-February ’89 Spain - March-May ’89 Send for a brochure to: 21 Britannia Street, Llanllechid, Bangor, Gwynedd, LL57 3EW Tel: (0248) 600167. (D448) IV WE OFFER: A SPEEDY MAIL ORDER SERVICE AND EXPERT ATTENTION FOR PERSONAL CALLERS Access/Visa/Credit Charge. Post & Packing please add C2. 50. Prices correct Prices subject to availability • . c 1.12.88. ZEISS WEST BINOCULARS 8 X 20 B and Pouch £189. 10 X 25 B and Pouch £209 8 X 30 B and K Case £379. 8 X 30 BGA CF ft Pouch £379 8 X 56 B.G. AT ft Case £544. 7 X 42 B.G. AT & Case PHONE 10 x40 BT & K Case . £463. 10 X 40 BGA CF & Pouch PHONE ZEISS EAST BINOCULARS Very good value with Hard Case 8 X 30 Jenoptem £ 40 8 X 30 Deltrintem . £ 48. 10 X 50 Jenoptem . . .£ 65. 10 X 50 Dekarem £.73. 8 X 32 Notarem . £300. 10 X 40 Notarem . £343. 8 X 50 Octarem B, or BGA . £160. 12 X 50 Dodecarem B. or BGA . £199. ADLERBLICK Case, lifetime guarantee Adlerblick 8 x 42 . . £320 Adlerblick 8 x 42 Armour £336 Adlerblick 10 x 42 £325. Adlerblick 10 x 42 Armour . £344. Adlerblick 10 x 50 . £339. Adlerblick 10 x 50 Armour . £359. SWIFT Supplied with Case b Strap Belmont 8 x 40 £ 56. Belmont 10 x 50 .£ 59 Belmont 1 2 x 50 £. 62 Red Spot 8 X 32 £ 69. Red Spot 8 X 40 £. 98. Red Spot 10 X 50 £ 99 Blue Spot 9 X 42 £100. Blue Spot 10 X 42 £325 T rilyte Rubber 10x40 £325 Trilyte 10 X 40 £124. Osprey 7.5 X 42 £139. Audubon 8.5 x 44 £169. RUSSIAN BINOCULARS 8 X 30 and Case £19 99 7 X 50 and Case £29 99 12x 40 and Case £32.99 HABICHT BINOCULARS 8 X 30 WM £299 7x50M.S.L £399 lOx 40 M.S.L £399 lOx 40 WM £339 TRIPODS SLIK D2 £ 69. SLIK 88 £ 69. SLIK Black Diamond £ 76 SLIK Shogun .£ 99. KOWA TELESCOPES TSN1 Body £232 TSN2 Body.. £222 TSN3 Body ... £435 TSN4 Body . . £425 20x Wide . £. 67 25x and 40x ... £. 44 Zoom TSN £ 99 Photo Adapter . £ 66 TS601 FREE . . £.185 TS602 CASE £165 25x and 40x . . WITH £ 41 20x Wide 601 602 . £ 47 Zoom 601 . £. 93 MIRADOR TELESCOPES Merlin 18 x 60 £.89. Merlin 18x-40x and 60 £124. Major 60m Body & Fixed £152. Major 60m Body & Zoom £3 79. Major 50m Rubber & Fixed . £349. Major 50m Rubber £t Zoom £3 76. Mirador Window Mt £.22. BUSHNELL SPACEMASTER Body and Zoom Eyepiece . £2.19. Body and Fixed Eyepiece from. . £169. BAUSH ft LOMB Discoverer . £390. 6870 SI. Thomas Street • i SCARBOROUGH • von lou • Tel. (0723) 365024 Authorised U.K. Dealer for Tele Vue* “Tops in the Field” TELESCOPES AND EYEPIECES Even Better Than You Imagined! Send £2.00 (refundable with order) for colour literature on the finest range of telescopes avail- able. With patented Plossis, Wide-Field, and Nagler eyepieces. Surely the world’s finest. Superb observation binoculars now available. 139 Dean House, Eastfield Avenue, Walker, (D431) Newcastle upon Tyne NE6 4UU Telephone: 091 263 8826 A fabulous competition from Bird Watching magazine and C J Wildbird Foods Ltd. £500 to donate to a conservation body of your choice and runner-up prizes of bird food, books and magazine subscriptions. lu PICK I P THE -LI HABIT TODAY! On sale on the 27th of each month (D454) Have you seen BIRDING WORLD lately? For a free sample eopy of the new, improved monthly news magazine for keen birders, write to: Appletree Cottage, Marshside, Brancaster, King’s Lynn, Norfolk PE31 SAD (or telephone 0485 210349) and find out what you’ve been missing! It is the news magazine for keen birdwatchers, available only on subscription. Or subscribe now by completing the coupon below (or copying its format) and sending it together with £15 (for 12 issues; £20 overseas) to the same address. _ Mr/Mrs/Miss Ms ADDRESS ! Postcode I (D444) J vi EVERYONE ENJOYS OUR UNIQUE FREEDOM OF CHOICE OUR SELECTION OF BINOCULARS & TELESCOPES IS HUGE AND FASCINATING (we are main stockists). We always have irresistable specials, bargains, and cash reductions WE ALSO HAVE MANY SPECIAL IMPORTS, OPTICALLY MAGNIFICENT YOU’VE JUST GOT TO SEE THESE, THEY’RE EXQUISITE WE JUST LEAVE YOU TO TRY BINOCULARS & TELESCOPES AS YOU WISH We are a 7 day week mail order company. We repair everything on premises, all accessories in stock. For callers our fascinating Showroonv Shop is open every Saturday and Monday. Why not have a trip to this famous part of Britain? It’s beautiful (especially to Bird Watchers). FOR SOMETHING THAT LASTS A LIFE- TIME. EVEN A LONG JOURNEY IS SURELY JUSTIFIED. DO COME AND SEE US. WE ALWAYS HAVE HIGH QUALITY BUDGET PRICED BINOCULARS AND TELESCOPES OF MANY TYPES. IN FACT OUR SELECTION HAS BEEN DESCRIBED AS DAZZLING & MOST EXCmNG. Remember - You want it - We have it AT THE RIGHT PRICE ACCESSA/ISA/CHEQUE'CASH Part Exchange always welcome TELESCOPES AND BINOCULARS FROM El 9 to E900 LAMBERTS (Lancaster) LTD (Established 1935) 5 ROSEMARY LANE, LANCASTER, LANCS LA1 1NR Telephone: (0524) 414146 or 37384 (0441) Cygnus WlUllfe FEBRUARY^UNE NORTHERN INDIA TIGER SPECIAL VENEZUELA TEXAS ZIMBABWE HONG KONG AND CHINA AUSTRIA HUNGARY SOVIET ASIA AND SIBERIA CAMARGUE PYRENEES JULY-DECEMBER ARIZONA HUNGARY VENEZUEU^ PERU ARGENTINA ECUADOR AND GALAPAGOS ISLANDS GAMBIA ETHIOPIA NEW ZEALAND FALKLAND ISLANDS RANN OF KUTCH AND SOUTHERN INDIA Tour groups have a maximum of 18 participants, are escorted by experienced leaders and we cater for all levels of expertise. If you would like further information about any of these holidays, we will be delighted to receive your enquiry at the following address: CYGNUS WILDLIFE HOLIDAYS, 96 Fore Street, Kingsbridge, Devon TQ7 1PY. Tel: (0548) 6178 (0446) Talk to AX Hawkins about Binoculars/ ^PHONEUSfOR Best Makes. Largest Stocks. Fastest Service. By return Despatch and Free Advice. SAVE ££££s - BE WISE - BUY FROM BRITAIN’S BINOCULAR/TELESCOPE SPECIALISTS - ORDER BY POST OR PHONE IN COMPLETE CONFIDENCE OPTOLYTH ALPIN ~ ^ ' Superb lightweight Models tram W Germany at sensible prices. 8 x 308GA Alpin £186.00 8 * 40 BGA Alpin £200 00 10x40 BGA £205 00 10x50BGAAIpm £221.00 12x50BGAAIpifi £225 00 7x42 BGA Alpin £207 00 OPTOLYTH Root prism tango of binoculars lot superb. btiqhl. crystal clear image 10x40 BGA Touring £378.00 7 X 42 BGA Touring £378.00 HABICHT A firm lavounte trom Austria wtih bird- watchers, lightweight, excel lent short locus. 8x30SLC/W £302.00 7x42WMPDiana £298.00 10x40WMPOiana £341.00 10x40 BGA Diana £375.00 ZEISS WEST 10x40B6ATDialyt £499.00 7x42BGATDialyl 8x30BGATDialyt .0x25BUiniDialyt 8x206 MiniDialyt £479.00 £397.00 £219.00 £197.00 ZEISS JENA 7X40 BGA new model £199.95 8x30Jenoplem £47.95 8x30Delltinlem £55.95 8x32Nolafem £120.00 BxSOBOclarem £185.00 7x50Jenoplem £64 95 l0x40Nolarem £176.00 10x50Jenoplem £69.95 to X 50 Dekarem £88.95 MIRADOR 7X42B £125.00 7 X 42 BGA R'Armouted £129,00 8x42B £119.00 8x42BGAR/Armouted £125.00 10x42B £125.00 10 X 42 BGA R/ Armoured £129.00 10 X 50 BGA R/Armoured £145.00 All Mirador are supplied with cases and ralnguard BRESSER A new range of quality, lightweight roof prism binoculars, complete with sports case. 8 X 32 BGA Linear £123 00 8x42 BGA linear £129.00 10x42 BGA Linear £131.00 7x42 BGA Oioril £230 00 t0x42BGADionl £240.00 TELESCOPES Nikon Fieldscope 20x60 ED £489.00 Nikon Eyepieces 15 x 30 x 40 x 60 x £64.95 rtowalSNIBody £234.95 KowaTSN2Body £223.95 KowaTSN3Body £439.95 KowaTStMBody £428.95 KowaTSN 20 xW. A Eyepiece £68.95 Kowa TSN 25 X 40 X Eyepieces £44.95 Xowa TSN 20-60 Zoom £98.95 OpIolythTBSaO £320.00 OpIolylhTBBO £344.00 Eyepieces Opiolyth TB 20 x WW £88 20 X W £56 30 X £57 40 X £58 Opiolyth 30 x 75 £318.00 Opiolylh 30 x 80 £353.00 Opiicton Piccolo 15-60 x 60 £152.00 Oplicton Classic 22-47 X 75 £157.00 Oplicron 20-60 x 60 HR £193.00 Spacemasler 15-45 x 60 £219.00 Nikon Fieldscope 20 x 60 £269.00 Kowa TS9 20 x 50 £89.95 Mirador Merlin 25 x 60 £99.95 KowaTS602 £169.95 Kowa TS 20-60 Zoom £93.00 Habichl 23 x 70 BOA £216.00 Zeiss Jena Binocular Terresirial Telescope 80/500 complete wilh Iripod and carry case £1 .199.00 ARnAWKa& SLIK D2 Tripod take a tirm stand, buy the best, our special price £6.95 MANFROTTO TRIPOD 144 Tripod complete with 200 Iluid head £84.95 ORDER NOW for “By Return” Dispatch. Binoculars and Telescopes £2.50p post and insurance send cheque or Visa/Access accMted by phone! Stamps (SOpj. For illustrated Discount Price List and Coloured Brochures on over 200 Models. CALLERS WELCOME! Our Showrooms are only 7 minutes from M1 Exit 15 or 16 and 2 min. walk trom railway. Open 9.00 am-6 pm Prices correct 4th Nov 1988 subject to change availability. N’PTON LTD 9 MAREFAIR NORTHAMPTON NN1 1SR TELEPHONE 0604/39674 (0451) The British Birds Binder It’s so easy and tidy with the British Birds Binder to file your copies away. Each binder is designed to hold twelve issues and the index, and is attractively bound and blocked with the British Birds logo. You can use a binder to store the current year’s issues as they arrive, or to hold a complete volume for your bookshelves. Price UK £6.95 including VAT, postage & packing. Why not place your order now? (,,425^ Please use the British BirdShop order form. VTII ffiid Watching Holidays SPAIN PORTUGAL FRANCE YUGOSLAVIA TURKEY MOROCCO INCLUDES GOTO DONAMA; CAMARGUE. PYRENEES, EXTREMADURA, MONFRAGUE. Stop in the Camargue for Easter Full Board £380.00 ’ Write for Brochure (D439) Graham Faithfull Activity Holidays Ltd., 3-5 Sheep Market, Stamford. Lines PE92RB Telephone (0780) 66280 Wed-Sun Inclusive Why not give us the opportunity to impress you .with our PRICES & SERVICE They are the BEST - that’s GUARANTEED We will attempt to encourage you with our low prices, high trade-ins and friendly, knowledgeable service TELESCOPES OPTOLYTH TELESCOPES FOR THOSE WHO WANT ONLY THE BEST BINOCULARS Supenor definition Light-transmission plus the wioest ALPIN BY OPTOLYTH magnifications W. EUROPE’S MOST POPULAR COMPACT AND LIGHTWEIGHT BINOCULARS Weight Field Price lOxSOBA 22.50Z 309ft. E221 (inc case) 10x40BGA 19oz 345ft. E205 (inc. case) 8x40BGA 19oz 330ft. E200 (inc. case) 8x30BGA 14oz 420ft. El 86 (inc. case) Weight 30x75GA 44oz 22X60GA 35oz 22x70GA 37oz 22-60X70GA 47oz 30x80 TB 80 Body TBS 80 Body Field Price 120ft E318CaseE35 183ft. E210 — E290 EYEPIECES 87-54ft. E353 20xWW ESS E353 20x ESS E344 30x E57 E320 40x ESS NEW - Touring 10x40 BGA - now in stock - only £387.00 inc case MAIL ORDER WELCOMED Part Exchange Available London Camera Exchange Group 1 0 High Street 1 3 Cheap Street Southampton, Hants. Bath Tel; (0703) 221597 Avon BA1 1NB Tel: (0703) 335363 Tel: (0225) 62234 ^377^ IX Kay Optical (Est. 1962) A wealth of optical experience is at your service whether you wish to purchase new equipment or have your present equipment serviced in our workshop. The best equipment is available for you to inspect, test and purchase from these premises, including, for example:- BINOCULARS etc. ZEISS (West) C 1 0 X 25 Dialyt 214 8 X 20 BGA Dialyt 245 8 X 30 BGAT Dialyt 389 10 X 40 BGAT (P) Dialyt Phone 7 X 42 BGAT (P) Dialyt Phone 8 X 56 BGAT Dialyt 535 15 X 60 GAT Porro 793 7 X 50 BGA (IF) Porro 535 LEITZ (Leica) 8x20Trinovid 235 8x20BCATrinovid 247 10x25BCTrinovid 247 10x25 BCATrinovid 259 8x32BATrinovid 445 8 X 40 BA T rinovid Phone 10x40 BAN Trinovid Phone Miniature soft case 14 BA soft case 34 SWAROVSKI 1 0 X 40 WM Waterproof 341 7 X 42 M Waterproof 298 8 X 30 SLC roof prism, water and shock proof 302 OPTOLYTH 8x30Alpin 186 8 X 40 Alpin 200 10x40 Alpin 205 7x42 Alpin 207 10x50 Alpin 221 12x50 Alpin 225 NIKON 8 X 20 roof prism 139 10x25 roof prism 154 9 X 30 DCF roof prism 248 12x36 DCF roof prism 268 SWALLOW c 1 0 X 40 or 8 X 40 rubber-covered, roof prism 1 20 MIRADOR 8x42 110 8 X 42 with rubber 1 20 BUSHNELL 8x36 B Custom 1 79 1 0x40 B Custom 1 89 OPTICRON 8x42 High Resolution 1 1 0 1 0x42 High Resolution 1 1 4 8x42 HR II 140 10x50 HR II 155 9x35 BCF Elite 186 OBSERVATION and ASTRO Bresser 1 1 x70 BCF 230 Greenkat 1 1 x80 BCF 250 Opticron 20x80 BCF 345 TELESCOPES NIKON 20x60 ED 489 30 X or 40 X eyepieces 65 Camera adaptor 1 57 KOWA TSN-1 body(45°) 235 TSN-2body 225 TSN-3body(45'') 435 TSN-4body 425 25 X or 40 X eyepiece 50 20 X (WA) eyepiece 70 20-60 X zoom eyepiece 1 00 TS 601 body (45°) 185 TS 602 body 165 20-60 X eyepiece 93 20 X VWV eyepiece 47 OPTOLYTH C 30x75 318 30x80 353 TB 80 body 344 TBS 80 body (45°) 320 TB eyepieces from 56 15-40x60 265 22-60x70 353 22x60 210 22x70 290 SPACEMASTER 60mm body 140 Zoom eyepieces, from 65 Other eyepieces, from 26 OPTICRON 60mm HR body 128 Ditto, with rubber 155 60mm HR body (45°) 150 Zoom eyepiece 65 Other eyepieces from 26 30 X 75 Classic 125 PICCOLO 60mm body 107 Zoom eyepieces from 45 Other eyepieces from 22 NIGHT VISION Infra-red, hand-held scope, complete 690 Mams charger 69 TRIPODS (one-action) etc Slik D2 73 Slik Shogun' 99 Slik SL67 105 Manfrotto MN 1 44 legs etc 50 Manfrotto MN 1 90 legs etc 35 Manfrotto MN 1 28 head 35 Manfrotto MN 200 head 40 Universal clamp 20 Hide clamp 40 Car window mount 25 ★ SPECIAL OFFERS - Deduct £10, when buying a telescope and tripod together. Free strap when buying a tripod only. Callers are, of course, welcomed and encouraged but you can also use our mail order service if more convenient (allow £2 ppi) and 14 days approval is allowed. For callers, we are 1 5 minutes’ drive from the M25 (via A3 then the Merton turn-off) or 2 minutes’ walk from Morden tube. A fuller list (with prices) and a map sent upon request. Personal export service. E.&O.E. ^^^Repairs carried out in our own workshops. KAY OPTICAL will be at the Information Centre of the renowned PAGHAM HARBOUR LOCAL NATURE RESERVE on SUNDAY 26th FEBRUARY 1989. You will be able to try and buy binoculars, telescopes, tripods, etc. Also, repairs can be quoted for and handed in. The Reserve is near to Chichester, W. Sussex, on the B2145 into Selsey. Booking not necessary. Mr KAY OPTICAL SERVICING Mon-Fri, 9 am to 5 pm Sat 9 am to „ j* .. . .. _ 11 30 am 89B London Road*, Morden, Merton, Surrey. Tel: 01-648 8822 CripSment Opposite Midland Bank (D447) X British Birds VOLUME 82 NUMBER 1 JANUARY 1989 Gray Catbird in Co. Cork: new to Britain and Ireland K. Preston The first days of November 1986 were generally warm and sunny, with variable light winds, on Cape Clear Island, Co. Cork, and few migrants were in evidence apart from nocturnal movements of thrushes Turdus and flocks of crows Con’iis making daytrips out from the mainland. Walking about on the morning of 4th, it was evident that a small fall of migrants had occurred, resulting in a slight increase in the number of Blackcaps Sylvia atricopilla and Chiflchaffs Phylloscopus collybita, but also producing a Red-breasted Flycatcher Ficedula pan'a. While I was waiting for the latter to reappear from amongst dense vegetation in an overgrown garden near the South Harbour, a Gray Catbird Durnetella carolhiensis flew in and landed beside a Song Thrush T. philomelos on the roof of a low outhouse. It paused for some ten seconds before flying towards where I stood and landed on a fence about seven paces away. The bird made two further short flights, alighting on the ground and on a gatepost, before flying away strongly towards the South Harbour. It was not seen again. In flight, it gave the impression of a small, paler-than-normal Blackbird T. mentla, with typically strong and direct thrush-like flight. When perched beside tbe Song Thrush, it was noticeably smaller: about two-thirds or three-quarters the bulk of the latter. The general appearance was quite different, however, as it had a more horizontal stance and a longer tail. Its shape was much closer to that of a Blackbird, but the tail appeared to be broader (or possibly it was fanned out more) and was considerably more rounded at the tip. The bird frequently cocked its tail, once flicking it very high, when it was briefly held at almost 90° to the horizontal. The wings were held tightly against the body and never drooped; they seemed rather short. While the bill was of the usual thrush shape and proportions, the head-shape recalled an Acrocephalus warbler or a Garden Warbler Sylvia borin rather than a European thrush. The dark legs were stout and robust. [Brit. Birth V,2\ l-3,Januarv' 1989] I 2 Gray Catbird: new to Britain and Ireland The plumage was generally rather featureless: HF.AD Uniform dark grey, with sooty black cap which did not extend quite to the base of the bill or down as far as eye level. UPPF.RPARTS Uniform dark grey, devoid of any features such as pale edgings to coverts. Primaries blacker than the rest, but not as dark as crown or tail. UNDFRPARTS As upperparts, the only relief being an area of dark chestnut in vicinity of vent and undertail-coverts, but this was not conspicuous at a casual glance, even with the bird standing with its tail cocked. Belly may have been very slightly paler than rest of body. TAII. Tail long, and verv' rounded at tip; sooty black, similar to crown, without any edgings or markings. BARF PARTS Bill very dark grey. Uegs similar, or slightly blacker. Eye large and conspi- cuous, black without any noticeable orbital ring. This is the first record of the Gray Catbird in Britain and Ireland, though the species occurred in the Channel Islands in December 1975 (Long 1981), and one reported from Cot Valley, Cornwall, on 28th October 1988 is currently being assessed by the Rarities Committee. There are two old records from the European mainland, in Germany in October 1840 and May 1908. Robbins (1980) gave his predictions for future transatlantic crossings by Nearctic passerines and considered the Gray Catbird to be the most probable of a list of 73 candidates not seen in Britain or Ireland in the 30 years 1947-76. The Cape Clear Island individual occurred in a year which produced fewer than normal North American landbirds on this side of the Atlantic, but was recorded on the same day as a Chimney Swift Choetura pelagica in the Isles of Scilly (Rogers et at. 1987). In its native North America, the Gray Catbird is a tame and inquisitive species, frequently found in gardens. It summers from southern Canada south to Oregon, Arizona and Texas, parts of the Gulf States and into Florida. The main wintering areas extend from the southeastern United States and Mexico through Central America to Panama and the Caribbean Islands (Godfrey 1966). 1. Gray Catbird Dumetella carolinensis, Wisconsin, USA, June 1987 {Peter Ga.sson) 3 Gray Catbird: new to Britain and Ireland References Godfrky, W. K. 1966. 'Fhe Birds of Canada. Ottawa. Long, R. 1981. Catbird in the Channel Islands. Brit. Birds 74: 526-527. Robbins, C. S. 1980. Predictions of future Nearctic landbird vaerants to Kurope. Brit. Birds 73- 448-457. Rot.KRS, M.J., & nlK R.ARrnKS CoM.MnTKK. 1987. Report on rare birds in Great Britain in 1986. Brit. Birds 80; 516-571. K. Preston, The Rennies, Boreenmanna Road, Cork, Ireland Field identification of Gull- billed Tern K. E. Vinicornbe Illustrated by Alan Hanis In the ten-year period 1977-86, 44% of all records of Gull-billed Tern Gelochelidon nilofica submitted to the British Birds Rarities Committee were rejected. It is probably true to say that many of these records came from inexperienced observ ers, who, having obtained brief views of a fly-by tern, submitted a description which provided little detail other than a thick, gull-like bill. This high rejection rate, however, belies the fact that the Gull-billed Tern is actually not difticult to identify. The similarly sized Sandwich Tern S. .sandvicensis is the confusion species, but many observers do not appreciate that juvenile Sandwich Terns have shorter, thicker- looking bills than adults, have rounder wing-tips, and also call quite differently. This paper summarises, therefore, the main differences between the two species. [/fnl. Hirds «2: 1 Jamiarv I9«9| 4 Field identification of Gull-billed Tem 2. First-winter Gull-billed Tern Gelochelidon nilotica, Israel, November 1981 {Killian Miillamey) It must be remembered that the Gull-billed Tern is now a very rare bird in Britain and Ireland, currently averaging about four records a year, mainly on the English south and east coasts. Most occur in May, with fewer in summer and autumn. Anyone faced with a possible Gull-billed Tern is advised to exercise caution and to claim the sighting only if the majority of the following points have been noted. Structure and flight An awareness of the structural differences between the two species is an essential first step to identification. The Sandwich Tern is a large bird, 3. Gull-billed I’em Gelochelidon nilotica, Bulgaria, June 1977 (J. Lawton Roberts) Field identification of Gull-billed Tern 5 4. Gull-billed d'em Gelochelidon nilotica, Greece, June 1982 (7’. A. Box) similar in size to Kittiwake Rissa tridactyla, and it lacks the long tail streamers of Common S. kinmdo, Arctic S. paradisaea and Roseate Terns S. dougallii. Compared with Gull-billed, it is noticeably slim and rakish- looking, with long, narrow, often rather angled wings. The head and neck protrude noticeably and the bill is long and slender with a yellow tip. Gull-billed is similar in size and also lacks long tail streamers. Compared with Sandwich, however, it is sturdier and more thick-set with, of course, a relatively short, thick, black bill (which can look bulbous), and a rather short, thick neck. This bull-necked appearance is emphasised by the wings being set farther forward than on Sandwich. The wings are 5. Gull-billed Tem Gelochelidon nilotica, Florida, USA, May 1982 (/?. Ingleston) 6 Field identification of Gull-billed Tem 6. Gull-billed Tem Gelochelidon nilotica, Louisiana, USA, January 1982 {David Tomlinson) broadly based and long, not so sharply pointed as those of Sandwich, more swept back, rather than angled, and with straighter and more parallel edges. The general effect may, therefore, recall a small gull, and the slow, easy, graceful, rather languid flight suggests Common Tem. Indeed, the whole effect in flight may recall a juvenile or winter-plumaged Common Tern, rather than a Sandwich. At rest. Gull-billed again looks shorter-necked than Sandwich, it has a rather more rounded breast, the closed primaries are deeper-based and, most significantly, it is long-legged: Gull-billed’s tarsus is about 25% longer than that of Sandwich {BWP). Gull-billed looks sleek and round- headed when at ease, but, although lacking the crest of Sandwich, the head can look rather square when the bird is alert. Apart from the bill differences, the most significant difference between summer adult Gull- billed and Sandwich is this lack of a crest, which is always obvious on adult summer Sandwich. The net effect of these structural differences is that, on the ground. Gull-billed again looks more gull-like; in winter and juvenile plumages (see below), it suggests an elongated winter adult or second-winter Mediterranean Gull Larus melanocephalus. Calls The calls of the adults are totally different. Sandwich has a well-known shrill, guttural, rasping ‘kerr-ick’, whereas Gull-billed has a low, deep ‘ger- erk’ or ‘ger-vik’: quite unmistakable. Confusion arises, however, with the calls of juveniles, which are quite different from those of the adults. Juvenile Sandwich has a high-pitched, squeaky and rather throaty ‘pee- up’ or ‘peep’ and juvenile Gull-billed a similar high, but soft ‘pe-eep’ or a quick ‘pe-pe-eep’. 7 Field identification of Gull-billed Tem Plumage Adult summer The most significant difference between the two species is the colour of the rump and tail. On Sandwich, both are white but, on Gull-billed, the rump and tail are almost wholly whitish-grey and, therefore, continuous with, though paler than, the mantle and wings. When assessing this character, however, the strength of the light has to be taken into account, since strong light may make this area look whiter. The outer tail feathers are white. The other significant difference is that of wing-tip pattern. Gull-billed usually shows a noticeable dark trailing edge to both the upper and the under primaries, that on the underwing recalling Common Tern. Sandwich lacks the dark trailing edge to the upper primaries and, although it also has dark tips to the under primaries, these are, in comparison, greyer, less clear-cut and less obvious. Juvenile Roseate Tern SuperFicaily similar to juvenile. _ Sondwicn Tern J. Adult V Adult winter SandwichTfern 5iender bill, black 'sViowi over head and spiky crest Ist-winter Grullrbilled Tern White head with black eye patch Stubby bill Plain 0rcy above , poorly marked terbials 1st- Winter Sand Wich Tern Forehead white , chequered mantle replaced by Qrcy feathers Tertials retained Adult wihter Forster's Tern Head pattern suggests Oull-biHed Tern Bill shape, size and structure more similar to Common Tern Note red legs. Adult winter Gull-billed Tern Thick bill, white head with variable black eye patch and long legs. ■ii -hecq juvenile Sandwich Tern uered mantle and rpel bar Black crown Note bill is shorter than adults. Fig. 1. Gull-billed Gelochelidon ni/otica, Forster’s Sterna forsteri. Roseate S. dougallii, and Sandwich Terns S. sandvicensLs (Alan Harris)* *Figs. 1 & 2 are taken from the forthcoming The Macmillan Field Guide to Bird Identification by Alan Harris, Laurel Tucker and Keith \ inicombe, and are reproduced here by kind permission of the publishers, Macmillan Press. 8 Field identification of Gull-billed Tem Adult Suryrmtr SnudwicVi Tern Nott protnxdmg We»d, slender, pointed ivi'ngs ^Usually sWows dork primary wedqes Wkite rump and tail . Adult summer Oull-billed Tern Thick-set and gull-like Note primary i pattern I grey rump and tail , thick bill Tuvenile Crull- — bTIffed Tern Black •'■•face' patch recalls Mediterranean Grull. Relatively plain above, buff mottling on back and wings •Tuvenile Sandwich Tern BUI shorter than adult All dark crown, strongly^ patterned back and ” patte wings Tai black marked Moulting adult Sandwich Tern (late summer). White forehead, dark primary wedges 1st- winter Sandwich Darkish carpal bar, secondaries and outer tail . Black 'shawl' over head, Ist-winter Oull-billed k Tern Plainer above,' grey rump and tall Head mainly white Tern . 4 Adult summer Sandwich Tern Crreyish under ^ primiaries 4 4 Moulting adult ' Oull-billed Tern . (September) Black crown becomes peppered with white May show darker primary wedges. Adult summer Crull-billed ^ Tern Thick-set and neck-less. Dark trailing edge to under primaries. Fig. 2. Gull-billed Gelochelidon nilolica and Sandwich I’ems Slenia sandvicensis (Alan Hams) Both species undergo a complete post-breeding moult. So far as the primaries are concerned, this starts with the inners in late summer and finishes with the outers in early to mid winter, when the terns reach their winter quarters. In late winter, they moult their inner primaries a second time, prior to their spring migration (although, according to BWT, about one-third of European Gull-billed Terns do not change their inner primaries a second time in late winter). The result of this moult sequence is that, while in PTirope, both species have old outer primaries and new inner primaries. The significance of this is that, when new, the primaries also7X42B/GAT* ’...particularly useful in conilned habitats, such as Mvodland or forest: for seawatching or raptor-watching. . . ' (British Birds Vol 79 No. 6 June 1986) Zeiss - a tradition of excellence. The preferred binocular of experienced birdwatchers worldwide. Unsurpassed in quality and performance. E.xcellent image contrast; superior light transmission at dawn and dusk; genuine “B” special eyepieces with unrestricted viewing for spectacle- and non-spectade wearers alike; true close focusing (5m). For brochure and nearest stockist please contact^ Sturdy and dependable. Available with or without rubber armour. Carl Zeiss (Otjerkochen) Ltd PO Box78 Woodfietd Road Welwyn Garden City Herts AL7 1LU Telephone (0707)331144 ZEISS West Germany XI (D272) hAkandelin larssvensson PHOTOGRAPHIC GUIDE TO THE BIRDS OF BRITAIN & EUROPE THE MOST COMPREHENSIVE FIELD GUIDE OF ITS KIND EVER PUBLISHED A SUPERB COLLECTION OF OVER 1300 FULL COLOUR PHOTOGRAPHS DETAILED FIELD DESCRIPTIONS OF OVER 570 BIRDS 465 COLOUR DISTRIBUTION MAPS AND 163 LINE DRAWINGS THE ESSENTIAL GUIDE FOR EVERY BIRD WATCHER £14.95 Available from booksellers or direct from the Hamlyn Publishing Croup, c/o PO Box 31, Newton Abbot, Devon, TQ12 5XH. Please send cheque/PO payable to the Hamlyn Publishing Group and include UK: £1.50 HAMLYN (D438) Field identification of Gull-billed Tern 9 7. (lull-billed leni (ielochelidon nilotica. Turkey, May 1979 (f. .-1. Doherty) have a pale grey bloom (radii) which is steadily lost with wear, revealing progressively more of the blackish base colour (rami). This produces a contrast between the old dark outer primaries and the new grey inners, so that both species often have noticeable dark outer primary ‘wedges’. In Europe, these wedges are most pronounced when the outer primaries are oldest: in late summer and autumn. It seems, however, that, on overage. Gull-billed Tern wears less dark than Sandwich and usually shows less obvious primary wedges. Indeed, even as late as early September, some adults still look uniformly pale whitish-grey across the entire upperwing. Such individuals look very uniform and concolorous at a distance, showing little contrast between upperwing and imder\ving. Other plumage diflerences are less significant. First, the upperparts of Sandwich always look pearly grey and relatively pale, but, in some lights, those of Gull-billed can appear as a cpiite dark, leaden-grey. Secondly, the black extends right down the nape on Gull-billed whereas, on Sandwich, it is confined to a cap, and the whole nape is white. This difference is especially noticeable on perched individuals when the head is raised. The line of demarcation between the black on the rear crown and the white nape is rounded on Gull-billed, but pointed on Sandwich. Adult winter Adult Sandwich starts to lose the black lores, forehead and crown from mid June onwards, so that, by late .\ugust or September, it has a 10 Field identification of Gull-billed Tem 8. Gull-billed Tem GelocheMon nilotica, Algeria, July 1982 (Amond B. van den Berg) prominent white forehead and a black ‘shawl’ from the eye back over the nape. Individuals in full winter plumage by late July are probably non- breeders (BWP). Adult Gull-billed starts its moult later than Sandwich, from late July to mid August, although some still have a full black crown in early September. The significant difference between moulting adults is that Gull-billed does not gradually acquire a white forehead. Instead, the whole cap is moulted at once, so that transitional individuals have the entire cap mottled with white. When the moult is completed. Gull-billed has a completely different head pattern from Sandwich. Instead of a black shawl across the nape, it has a white head with a discrete black patch immediately in front of and behind the eye, strongly reminiscent of a first-year Mediterranean Gull. Some have very fine black streaking on the crown and nape (difficult to see in the field), while others have a grey wash to the rear crown, but Gull- billed does not show a black shawl. When moulting back into summer plumage in late winter. Gull-billed has black mottling right across the crown. Juvenile In this plumage, the two species are easily separated. Juvenile Sandwich has a completely black crown (including the forehead), but a body moult soon after fledging means that, by the autumn, juveniles acquire a white forecrown and a black shawl, just like those of winter adults. Juvenile Sandwich has the upperparts strongly patterned with dark brown and white. Note in particular that this patterning occurs along the leading wing-coverts {cf. Gull-billed Tern below). During the late-summer post- juvenile moult, however, much of this upperpart patterning is lost, so that, by autumn, the mantle and scapulars are plain grey and traces of immaturity are confined to the wing-coverts, tertials and tail. Perhaps the most important point to remember about juvenile Sandwich Tern is that the bill is often markedly shorter than the adult’s and lacks a yellow tip. It looks stubbier, therefore, and, to the inexperienced eye, can suggest Gull- billed; for this reason, attention to plumage detail is essential. Another Field identification of Gull-billed Tem 11 9. Ciull-billed I'em Gelochelidon nilotica, Gambia, December 1983 ( M J. Tarrant) significant point is that juvenile terns can fly before their outer primaries are fully grown, so that recently fledged individuals have noticeably shorter, more rounded wings than adults. On Sandwich, this, in combination with the shorter bill, can suggest something unusual. Juvenile Gull-billed is totally different from juvenile Sandwich. First, it lacks a black crown or shawl, but, instead, shows a small black ear-covert patch like that of a winter adult. \’er\ close inspection may reveal brown shaft streaks on the crown and nape feathers, not readily apparent in the field. Instead of being strongly patterned on the upperparts, the mantle and scapulars are relatively uniformly ginger, but, by September, this colour fades to cream and is soon replaced by grey first-winter feathering. Note in particular that juvenile Gull-billed has relatively plain wing- coverts, lacking Sandwich Tern’s dark feathering along the leading coverts. The general effect is that, from a distance, juvenile Gull-billed looks very plain above, and flying juveniles can be difficult to separate from winter adults. Other differences include the tertials, which are ginger with a brown feather centre, whereas juvenile Sandwich has the tertials also strongly patterned with dark brown. The tail feathers, too, are different: black on Sandwich, thickly edged with white, whereas on Gull- billed they are grey with a pale tip and a dark subterminal patch. Note that, like adults, juvenile Gull-billed also shows a prominent dark trailing edge to the under primaries. 12 Field identification of Gull-billed Tem First-year In early winter, towards the end of the post-juvenile moult, both species resemble the respective winter adult, but are easily aged as they retain juvenile tertial and tail feathers. First-winter Sandwich also shows a dark secondary bar, which is absent on winter adult. By late winter, even these feathers are lost, and both resemble winter adults. First-winter Sandwich begins to moult its juvenile inner primaries from early December to January', and the moult is completed by May to July, when the inner primaries start to moult again. First-winter Gull-billed starts its inner primary moult between December and late March, and it is often suspended in early summer and resumed from July to September. It then starts to replace its inner primaries again {BWT). In their first- summer, both species remain in their winter quarters and resemble winter adults, but some Gull-billed show broad black drops to the feather centres of the crown and nape [BWF). Second-summer Subsequently, they resemble adults, but second-summer Sandwich does not attain full summer plumage, showing white flecking on the forehead, lores and crown, while second-summer Gull-billed may show narrow white fringes to the black feathers of the cap. Habitat and behaviour The Gull-billed Tern is not a bird of the open sea, but occurs on coastal marshes, lagoons and estuaries, and may even hawk insects over dry' land. It also catches larger prey, such as frogs, and individual English vagrants have dev eloped a liking for the eggs and chicks of Little Tern S. albifrons. Unlike Sandwich Tern, Gull-billed does not habitually plunge-div^e. Its easy, relaxed-looking, sinuous swoop to take food items from the surface of mud or water is distinctive. Other confusion species Forster’s Tem Winter and juvenile Gull-billed may be confused with winter and juvenile Forster’s Terns S.forsteri, which also show a black ear-covert patch. This species has been virtually annual in Britain and Ireland since 1980, and occurs mainly in winter. It is easily separated from Gull-billed by the following features: (1) the bill is relatively long and thin, (2) body si'ze is much smaller (slightly larger than Common Tern), (3) the structure is also more similar to Common (in particular, it has a longer tail), (4) in first-winter plumage especially, it has whiter inner primaries, and (5) it has pale legs (dull orange on first-winter and bright scarlet on adult). Common Tem Beware also of winter-plumaged Common Terns, which can occur from July onwards. These lack long tail-streamers, show an all-dark bill, and have a grey tint to the rump and tail. They are, however, easily separated by their size and shape, dark caipal bar and red legs. First-year Common 13 Field identification of Gull-billed Tern 10. Forster’s Fern Sterna forsleri, L'SA, January 1983 (Killian Mullamey) Terns are similar to winter adults, but often show threat contrast between old, dark outer primaries and inner secondaries and new, grey inner primaries and outer secondaries. Such birds may be encountered throughout the summer. Roseate Tern Note also the similarity between the juvenile plumages of Roseate Tern and Sandwich Tern. Juvenile Roseate is easily separated, however, by size and shape, which are more similar to those of Common and .\rctic Terns. Acknowledgments We are very grateful to Peter Colston and the British .Museum (Nat. Hist.) at Tring for allowing access to skins. K. E. Vinicombe, 11 Kennington Avetme, Bishopston, Bristol RS7 9KU Alan Harris, 117 Spring Hills, Harlow, Essex CM20 ITA ^dientp-filir wars ago... ' FHK I).\R FFORl) W.XRBl.ER. .\s an illustration of how easily these skulking little birds may be overlooked, 1 mav mention that on one occasion 1 remained for two days on one fairly large common without seeing or hearing a bird, but on the third day, on the same common, 1 discovered no less than five pairs with young.' (Brit. Birds 7: 219, January 1914) European news This twenty-fourth selection includes news from a record 29 countries. New contacts in unrepresented West Palearctic countries will be very' welcome. The official correspondents whose detailed six-monthly reports are summarised here are acknowledged at the end. This feature is intended as a news service; anyone requiring further information or quoting records in other publications should refer to the literature of the relevant country. If you have made observations in any of the countries not included here and do not know to whom records should be sent, we suggest you send them to British Birds, and we shall do our best to pass them on to the appropriate person; for countries which are included here, we suggest that you send a copy of your records to the relevant ‘European news’ correspondent listed at the end of this summary. Records awaiting formal verification by national rarities committees are indicated by an asterisk (*). Unless otherwise stated, all records refer to single individuals Black-browed Albatross Diomedea rnela- nophris SPAIN First record: immature 1 12 km olT Tina Mayor, Asturias, on 3rd July 1984 (previous albatrosses olT Spain have not been specifically identified). Sooty Shearwater Fuffimis griseus riNl.AND Second record: furku on 1st January 1988 (first record was in 1985: Bril. Birds 79: 285). Wilson’s Petrel Oceaniles oceanicus SPAIN Second and third recent records: tideline corpses at Marin, Pontevedra, on 28th Sep- tember 1987* and at Matalascanas, Huelva, on 5th June 1988* (cf. first recent record: Bril. Birds 80: 321). Madeiran Petrel Oceanodroma castro PORTU- GAi. First mainland record: storm-blown at Alcochete on Tagus Estuary on 21st January 1988. Cormorant Phalacrocorax carbo GRF.F.CE High- est number for 50 years: flock of 6,000 in F)vros Delta on 6th February 1988. ITAIA Highest-ever wintering number: 12,000 dur- ing winter 1986/87 (cf Brit. Birds 81: 330). UKR.MNF SSR Second winter record: West Ukraine during 1985-88. Shag Phalacrocorax aristolelis SPAIN Balearic Islands census: 1,441-1,461 pairs in 1986, including 995 pairs on Mallorca (cf Brit. Birds 77: 233). Bittern Botaunis slellatis CKRAINF ssR Second winter record: West Ukraine during 1985- 88. Little Egret Egrelta garzelta DENMARK Best- ever year: seen at 1 1 localities during sum- mer 1988*. Great White Egret Egrelta alba AUSTRIA Population increase: from 217 breeding pairs in 1987 to 375 pairs in 1988 (cf Brit. Birds 75: 569). Glossy Ibis Plegadis falcinellus MOROCCO Un- usually large numbers: nine in lower ,\ouk- kos marshes near Earache on 8th May 1988. Bald Ibis G eronlicus eremila MOROCCO Colony threatened: building of dam at Aoulouz in Oued Sous valley will destroy famous col- ony. Spoonbill Platalea leucorodia PORTl'C.M. First recent breeding: three nests in heronry at Boquilobo marsh near (jolega on 9th May 1988. Greater Flamingo Phoenicoplents ndrer CRF.F.CF. Highest-ever total: 3,875 in seven sites in Januar>' 1988. Bewick’s Swan Cygnus colurnbianus 1IUNCAR^■ Ninth record: \4nigoskuti fishponds, Hor- tohagy, on 31st (October 1987. UKRAINE s.SR First spring record: migrating through Volyn Region, West Ukraine, during March to April 1988. Whed Sandpiper Calidris fuscicollis FRANCE Fifth record: adult at Pont d’.Aimes, Loire-Atlantique, on 22nd May 1988*. SP.AiN Fourth and fifth records: adults moulting to winter plumage at Ensenada de la Insua and Laguna de Traba, La Coruna, on 18th October 1987*. Pectoral Sandpiper Calidris melanotos GER- MAN DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC Vagrant: near Leipzig on 6th September 1986. Sharp-tailed Sandpiper Calidris acuminata NORW.v^■ Second and third records: Roga- land on 24th May 1986 and 24th June 1986 (first was in 1984: Brit. Birds 80: 11). Buff-breasted Sandpiper Tryngites subruficol- lis GERMAN DEMOCR.ATIC REPUBLIC Fifth re- cord: Zschoma Lakes on 27th September 1985. Great Snipe Gallinago media .swi:den Record total outside breeding area: 80 individuals in 1987. Slender-billed Curlew Numenius tenuirostris FRANCE First record since 1968: Camargue on 7th April 1988*. HUNGAR^■ Vagrant: Flortobagy fishponds on 30th September 1987; has become ‘very scarce in recent years’. MOROCCO Wintering numbers: up to four at Merja Zerga during 2nd December 1987 to 12th February' 1988, and five at the Moulaya River mouth on 26th .April 1988, the first at this latter site since the 1950s (cf. Brit. Birds 81: 333). Marsh Sandpiper Tringa stagnatilis DENMARK Tenth record: Vejleme during May to June 1988*. LATVIAN .SSR Confirmed breeding: three pairs in 1988 (cf. first breeding recorcls in 1974 and 1975: Bril. Birds 72: 591). SWEDEN Spring influx: total of 16 individuals at ten sites, including flock of five, during spring 1988 (cf. record year of 1983, in which six occurred: Brit. Birds 78: 342). Lesser Yellowlegs Tringa fiavipes SPAIN Fourth to eleventh records: Ensenada de la Insua during 3rd-4th November 1979, on 2nd August 1981, during Lst-4lh .September 1983, on 19th .September 1984; Puebla del Rio, .Sevilla, on 26th April 1986; Laguna de IVaba, La Coruna, on 4th May 1986; Delta 19 European news del I.lobregat, Barcelona, durins; 10th-23rd May 1986; Kstartit, (ierona, on 11th May 1987*. Terek Sandpiper Xenus cinereus l.AT\'l,\N ssR Confirmed breeding; two succes.sful pairs in 1988 (cf. lirit. /i(>rfv 81: 18). Spotted Sandpiper Aclilis macularia SPAIN I'hird and fourth records: juvenile at En- senada de la Insua during 29th .September to 9th October 1983, and juvenile moulting to first-winter there during 4th October 1986 to 1st May 1987*. Wilson’.s Phalarope Ffmlaroptis tricolor SPAIN Fourth record: female in summer plumage at Santa Pola salt-pans, Alicante, on 1st May 1987. SWKDKN Fifth and sixth records; Fake \ attern on 26th May 1988* and Oland in mid May 1988*. Record from Foteviken on 20th .September 1983 is accepted as second, so that from Stenasa in 1985 [Bril. Birds 80; 12) becomes third and that from L'mea in 1987 {Blit. Birds 81: 18) becomes fourth. Grey Phalarope Blialaropus fiilicarius NORWAN’ Correction: record at .\sker {Brit. Birds 81: 333) was first in inner fjord since 1887, not 1987. Great Black-headed Gull / Mivs ichthyaetus POl.ANi) Fourth record: immature near Oswitjcim, I'jijier Silesia, on 19th June 1988*. SPAIN CoiTection: Cabo de Gata on 21st May 1986 {Brit. Birds 80: 325) now rejected. Mediterranean Gull Larus melanocephalus At SI RIA I'hird confirmed breeding: two pairs in Seewinkel, Burgenland, but without success. Laughing Gull Larus atricilla DKNMARK fhird record: Skagen on 20th and 24th July 1987* (first two records were in 1985: Brit. Birds 79: 288). Sabine’s Gull Laivs sabini gkrman DKNtocRA- TIC RKPl Rl.ic Vagrant: Poel on 7th .Septem- ber 1985*. Bonaparte’s Gull Lants Philadelphia DKNNtARK First record: second-year in .Skagen Harbour around 14th .\ugust 1988*. Slender-billed Gull Imtus genei I RANCH Huge spring passage; many along Mediterranean coast in 1988, and over 250 pairs breeding in Camargue (cf 70 pairs in 1986: Brit. Birds 80: 12). Audouin’s Gull Imuis audouinii SPAIN Record numbers for Fbro Delta: at least 6,200 during .April 1988. Ring-billed Gull iMnis delawarensis MOROC.CO Fifth record: adult at Larache during 28th- 31st JanuaiA’ 1988. Common Gull Imius canus (:/K.C;il()Sl,oVAKlA Second breeding: pair raised two young on new reservoir at X’estonice, southern .Mora- via, in 1986. IH■N(;AR^ First jiroved breeding: jiair in Kiskunlachaza, central Flungarv, on 25th May 1988 (cf range expansions into Czechoslovakia, .Austria and Belgium: Brit. Birds 77: 237; 78: 642; 80: 12). Les.ser Black-backed Gull Ixinis fuscus po- I AND First breeding record: nest with eggs and up to seven adults present in colony of Herring (Julls /.. argentatus at Gardno Lake on Baltic coast in 1987. Herring Gull Larus argentatus IKDKRAI. RK- PfBl.lc OH CH.RNtANA' First breeding of the race cachinnans in Bavaria: three fledglings in Kring-Frauenstein (cf first breeding of this race in .Austria in 1987: Brit. Birds 81: 334). IlfNCARV First jiroved breeding: one voung hatched in Sarret, fransdanubia, on 15th June 1988. Glaucous Gull Larus hyperboreus lit NCARN Fifth record; first-winter on Lake Balaton near Balatonfiired on 12th March 1988. Great Black-backed Gull Larus marinus HKl)- H.RAI, RKPI'BI.IC OH CH.RMANA'. First breeding record; Oehe Schleimiinde on Baltic Coast of Schleswig-Holstein in 1987. Ross’s Gull Rhodostethia rosea DKNMARK Fhird record: F.sbjerg Harbour, southw est Jutland, during May 1988*, and ‘probably the same’ in Hanstholm Harbour on 16th July 1988*. SWT.DKN Sixth record: Dike \ attem on 26th May 1988*. Caspian Tern Stenia coi/iw GIBRAI. tar Tenth record: first-summer individual west on 13th May 1988. Sootv Tern .Sterna fuscata HRANCH. First French Mediterranean record: adult at Pis- sevache, .Aude, on 17th June 1988*. ISRAH.l. fhird record: 12 adults at F.ilat on 30th July 1988 (previous records were in 1980 and 1983). .SPAIN Fifth record: Ebro Della on 24th July 1986*. Saunders’s Little Tern Sterna saundersi isRAH.l First record: adult in summer plumage at F.ilat during June to July 1988. (Phis species has not previously been mentioned in a ‘Fairopean news' summarv .) African Skimmer Rhynchops flavirostris 20 MOROCCO) First record: pair at Merja Zerga on 25thjanuar\' 1987*. ( I'his species has not previously been mentioned in a ‘European news’ summary .) Razorbill Aka torda K.S't'ONlAN SSR First breeding: 12 adults and three nests with eggs or chicks on Uhtju island, Gulf of Finland, on 8th July 1988. Little Auk Alle alle FF.DF.RAI. RF.prBl.lc OF OFR.M.ANY Third record for NRW: dead in a garden in Rheinborg on 1st March 1988*. SWKDF.N Second-highest annual total: 1,385 individuals in 1987; large increase in recent years (cf. Bril. Birds 79: 288; 80: 326; 81: 335) believed due to southerly shift in wintering areas; 280,000 estimated in Skagerrak in winter 1987. Collared Dove StreplopeUa decaocto MOROC;co Continued colonisation: pair nesting in Fes on 28th .May 1988 (cf. spread to .Meknes: Bril. Birds 80: 12-13). NORWA\' Continued decline throughout country: from being ‘cjuite common in Oslo area in 1970s’ to ‘now almost disappeared’. Rufous Turtle Dove Slreplopelia orienlalis FINLAND Fourth record: Lagskar bird-station on 16th June 1987. Laughing Dove Slreplopelia senegalemis FFAI.N' Third record: Isle of Linosa, Pelagie, .Sicily, during April 1987. Great Spotted Cuckoo Clamalor glandarius NORWA’i Third record: adult female at Man- dal, V'est-Agder, on 9th May 1985. Barn Owl Tylo alba SWKDF.N .Approaching extinction: Gotland on 31st Januar) 1987 was only record that year (around 30 pairs bred in .Scania 25 years ago: Bril. Birds 77: 238). Eagle Owl Bubo bubo SPAIN Population esti- mate for Southern Andalucia: 1 13-180 pairs in 4,000 km^. Snowy Owl S'yclea scandiaca iitncarn' Tenth and eleventh records: Nyirmada, eastern Hungary, on 19th February 1985, and L«9)env, western HungaiA', on 20th April 1987. ' Great Grey Owl Slri.x nebulosa SWKDF.N Re- cord breeding numbers: 99 pairs in 1987 (cf. Bril. Birds 79: 289). t'KR.AiNK ssR Breeding season record: Syra Pogonia marsh, Rovno Region, West Ukraine, on 2nd May 1988. Pallid Swift ,\pus pallida NORWAY Second record: Molen, l.ar\ik, V'estfold, on 24th European news May 1986.. (first record was in A’estfold in 1984: Bril. Birds 80:13). Alpine Swift Apus melba FKDF.RAI. RF.PrBl.lc: OF (iF.RMANY First twentieth-century record for Helgoland: dead on 11th July 1984. .NF.TMF.RI..ANDS Influx: three during 20th-29th October 1987, the eighteenth to twentieth records. Romania Range expansion in southwest: Cerna A’alley, Baile Herculane, during late July 1986. White-rumped Swift Apus coffer GIBRALTAR First record: 9th July 1988* (cf. range expansion in Spain: Bril. Birds 80: 326). Little Swift .‘ipus qffinis SPAIN Fifth and sixth records: Laguna de la Janda, Cadi/., on 19th May 1987*, and Roquetas de Mar, Almeria, on 13th June 1987*. Hoopoe Lpupa epops FKDF.RAI. RKPI BI.IC: OF GKR^LAN^■ Unusual winter records: City Refuge Disposal, Lower Saxony, on 16th JanuaiA' and 15th March 1988. Green Woodpecker Picu.s viridis FINLAND Fifth record: Imatra on 25th April 1987 (fourth record was in 1976). Three-toed Woodpecker Ficoides Iridaclylus SWKDF.N Southerly records: Smjiland on 13th February 1988 and northeast .Scania in .April 1988, both far south of normal range (cf. records in autumn 1987 in Denmark and Norway: Bril. Birds 81: 335). Dupont’s Lark Chersophilus duponli CYPRi s First record: near Coral Bav, Paphos, on 12th April 1988*. Calandra Lark .Melanocorypha calandra .At'- SIRIA Sixth record: singing at Kapfenberg, Burgenland, on 9th May 1988. White-winged Lark Melanocorypha leucoplera POLAND Fourth record: Chatupv on Hel Peninsula on 30th March 1988*. Black Lark Melaiwcoiypha yellouiemis POLAND First record: adult male at Kosienice near Pr/emysl on 17th January 1988. Short-toed Lark Calandrella brachydaclyla POLAND Third record: A’istula F.stuaiA' dur- ing I()lh-I7thjanuarv 1988. Crag Martin Flyonoprogtie nipe.slris Romania Range expansion in southwest: Cerna Val- ley, Baile Herculane, during late .August 1986. Red-rumped Swallow Hirutido daurica DKNMARK Spring influx: five during 6th- 17th 21 European news May 1988, and two or three later (national total to 1987 was 14). ir.x.ncik. Best-ever spring passage: around 120 individuals, all but five along Mediterranean coast (cf. lirit. Birds 81: 20). K()M.\Nl.\ Range expansion in southwest: Cerna Valley, Bade Herculane, during late .\ugust 1980. Yf(;().si..\Vl \ First record for Slovenia: juvenile at Secovlje on 10th .August 1988. Olive-backed Pipit Anlhus hodgsoni I K.DKR.M. RKI’I BMC OF GKR.M.A.NN' Second and third records: Helgoland during 22nd-23rd Octo- ber 1980 and 3rd-7lh October 1987. FIM..\ND Sixth and seventh records: Siippi bird- station on 2nd October 1987, and Fagskar bird-station on 2nd November 1987. \F. I IIF.RI..\NI)S First record: Texel, Noordhol- land, during 21st-27th October 1987. Red-throated Pipit Anlhus cen’inus dknm.ark High spring total: around 50 at Skagen, compared with average of around five. t’()l..\Ni) I, argesl-ever number: 150 at Jastar- nia on Hel Peninsula on 15th May 1988. Yellow Wagtail Motadlla jiava FIM..\M) First record of black-headed race, M. J. Jeldegg: male holrling territorv' in Paimio during 30th May to 1 1 111 July 19^5. Citrine Wagtail Motacilla citreola .\fsrRi\ Seventh record: male south of (iraz, Styria, on 24th .April 1988. DK.NM ARK Sixth record: male at Skagen on 2bth May 1988*. FKDF.RAI RF.I’l Bl.K: OF GK.RM.WA' First Bavarian record: male at Weiden in der Oberpfalz during 12th-21st May 1986. .Also, first twentieth- centurv’ record for Diine Helgoland: Juvenile on 1st .September 1987. Ft AI.^■ Third record: salt-pans of .Siracusa, .Sicily, on 27th Febru- ar\ 1987. swf.df.N Hybrid pairing: female paired and nest-building with A’ellow Wag- tail M. flai’o at Ottenby during May and June 1988. juvenile on Oland on 26th July 1988 'was a pure citreola and may have come from a breeding nearby’. I KRAINF. ssR Range extension: southerly expansion in West I'kniine during 1985-88. Pied Wagtail Motacilla alba I KRAINF. ssR Second winter record: West I'kraine during 1985-88. White-cheeked Bulbul Pyawnotus leucogenys l.SRAF.I. First records: one. and then two together, at Filat during .April 1988. (This species has not previously been mentioned in a ‘Furopean news’ summaiA.) Siberian Accentor Pmnella montanella PO- i.ANl) First record: Staporkow near Kielce during 26th-27th March 1988. Black-throated Accentor Prunella atrogularis SWF.DF.N First record: ringed at Stora Fjaderagg during 14th-15th June 1988* (cf. first Finnish record in 1987: lirit. Birds 81: 336). Alpine Accentor Prunella collaris FKDF.RAI RF.Pl’Bl.lC OF (;F.RM.-\nv First and second twentieth-centuiA' records for Helgoland: eighth record there during 8th-llth .May 1987; ninth during 14th-20th .April 1988. Black Redstart Phoenicurus ochruros I KRAINF. SSR Second winter record: West Ukraine during 1985-88. Moussiers’s Redstart Phoenicurus nwussieri: n .M.N .Second record: male at Isle of Finosa, Pelagie, Sicily, on 27th Februars 1987. Isabelline Wheatear Oenanthe isahellina FIN- I AND Third record: A’iirtsila on 5th Septem- ber 1987. FRAN'CF. Second record: male on Ouessant during 31st .May to 1st June 1988*. Blue Rock Thrush .Uonlicola solitarius ROMANIA Confirmed presence: Cerma A’alley, Domogledul Mic, on 26th .August 1986.' Hermit Thrush Catharus gutlatus swf.df.N First record: Hoganiis on 27th .April 1988*. ( This species has not previously been men- tioned in a ‘Furo|)ean news’ summarv.) Ring Ouzel Turdus lorquatus ITAI.^ First breeding awav from .Alps: .Majella mountain in .Appennines in June 1986. Redwing Turdus iliacus I KR.MNF. vsR Range extension: southerly expansion in West Ukraine during 1980-88. •American Robin Turdus migratorius SWF.DKN First record: Bohusliin on 24th .April 1988*. Pallas’s Grasshopper Warbler Locustella certhiola NORW.\^ First record: Utsira, Roga- land. on 28th September 1986. Grasshopper Warbler Locustella naei'ia .MAI.TA Fifth record: ringed in October 1987. River W’arbler Locustella fuviatilis MAl.T.x Fourth record: ringed in .May 1988. SWF.DF.N Highest-ever total: 138 indi\iduals in 1987, including first breeding on (Jot land (cf. recent decline: Brit. Birds 80: 328). Savi’s W’arbler locustella luscinioides FINI..\ND Sixth and seventh records: Inkoo during 16th-24th May 1986; Fagskiir bird-station on 17th October 1987 (first autumn record). 22 Moustached Warbler Acrocephalus melanopo- gon GIBRAI.TAR Correction: record on 9th September 1987 {Bril. Birds 81: 337) was rejected; record on 29th September 1987 becomes second. Paddyfield Warbler Acrocephalus agricola l.AT- \’IAN SSR Second record: trapped at Lake Pape in July 1988 (first record was in 1987: Brit. Birds 81: 337). Blyth’s Reed Warbler Acrocephalus dumetorum DENMARK Fifth and sixth records: ringed at Christianso during 29th-30th May* and on 14th June 1986*. SWEDEN High annual total: 23 singing in 1987 (peak year was 1984, with 24 recorded: Brit. Birds 79: 290). Marsh Warbler Acrocephalus palustris I'Eaey First breeding in Tuscany: pair at Marciano della Chiaia Pool, Arezzo, during 25th-28th June 1986. Great Reed arhXer Acrocephalus anindinaceus SWEDEN Highest annual total: 280 males in 1987. 4’he increase continues (cf Brit. Birds 73: 577; 75: 29). Icterine Warbler Hippolais iclerina MOROCCO Eighth record: Merzouga on 7th April 1988. Melodious Warbler Hippolais polyglotta I'OE.AND Second record: singing male at Cichmiana Cora near Kronin on 17th May 1987. Dartford Warbler Sylvia undata HEECill'M First record: near Monnont, Ardenne, on 29th April 1988. Tristram’s Warbler Sylvia de.serticola (;ibrae- l AR First record: male on 10th April 1988* (cf range extension in Morocco: Brit. Birds 79: 290). Subalpine Warbler Sylvia cantillaiu DENMARK Eighth to eleventh records: dead at Blavand- shuk, southwest Jutland, on 1st May*, and a female ringed there on 27th May*, singing male at Skagen during lOth-1 1th May*, and a female was at Christianso on 17th June*, all in 1988. (;erman DEMOCR.vnc repubeic fhird record: near Leipzig on 21st Septem- ber 1986. Greenish Warbler Phyllo.scopus trochiloides DENMARK Best-ever year: around 50, mostly singing males with breeding suspected, in southeast from 26th May 1988. SWEDEN High annual total: 75 individuals in 1987, but 1988 ‘will probably be better’ (peak year was 1978, with lit) recorded: Brit. Birds 79: 290). Arctic Warbler Phyllo.scopus borealis DENMARK European news Eirst record: singing in Copenhagen on 27th May 1988* (previous record, from 1968, is ‘under reconsideration’). Pallas’s Warbler Phylloscopus proregulus CZECHOSI.OX’AKIA Eirst record: trapped near Prague on 18th October 1987. DENM.ARK First spring record: Kongelunden, near Copenhagen, on 2nd May 1988*. L'KRAINF. SSR Second record: Zmiiny Island, Odessa region, in October 1980 (first was at same site and on similar date: Brit. Birds 81: 337). Yellow-browed Warbler Phylloscopus inoma- tus DENAtARK First spring record: ringed at Christianso on 5th May 1988*. Radde’s Warbler Phylloscopus schwarzi EED- ERAE REPUBEIC OE GERMANY Third record: Helgoland on 3rd October 1987. Dusky Warbler Phylloscopus fuscalus ERANCE First spring record: Ouessant during mid April 1988* is eighth national record. NETHERi.ANDS Fourth to ninth records: five during 13th October to 2nd November 1987 (cf autumn 1987 records in Denmark, Esto- nian SSR, Einland, Erance, Poland and Sweden: Brit. Birds 81: 338). Azure Tit Pams cyanus EINI.AND fifteenth record: Virolahti during 23rd December 1987 to 2nd January 1988. Wallcreeper Tichodroma muraria DENMARK Eirst record: Aleba'k, Mon, during 22nd January to 22nd Eebruary 1988*. Short-toed Treecreeper Certhia brachydactyla DENMARK Ringing recovery: individual ringed at Danzigmand, Laeso, on 16th May 1988* recovered at Ealsterbo, Sw'eden, on 7th June 1988. Penduline Tit Remiz pendulinus BEl.cifM Ringing recovery: trapped with Swedish ring at Grembergen on 1st November 1987*. EINE.AND Eleventh record: male at Hanko bird-station on 17th April 1988. MOROCCO Fhird record: four at Earache on 29th January 1988. NEi iieri.ands Continued in- crease: ‘dozens’ of breeding-season records in both 1987 and 1988; several nests found, some being successful. (Cf recent breeding population increases in Spain and Sweden: Bril. Birds 78: 644; 79: 291; 81: 338.) Isabelline Shrike I.anius i.sabellinus erance Correction: third record was during 14th- 16th September 1987, not 1 lth-16th Octo- ber 1987 {Bril. Birds 81: 338). Siberian Jay Perisoreus infaustus UKRAINE s.sR Second and third records: Rovno Regioti, £26.00 + £1.50 p&P Direct from qur factory - same week despatch FREE CONTAINER OF WAX WITH EVERY JACKET Waxproof % length observer jacket with corduroy collar (D437) This superb lackel is made of extra qualify lightly woven Egyptian COTTON thoroughly WAXPROOF, wafer thorn, rot and fungus proof ★ Specially designed DOLMAN sleeves (seamless shoulders) for freedom of movement ★ Has showerproof check lining with deep all-round non conductive band at bottom lo prevent water seeping into lining ★ Stormproof front with two-way heavy duty polycarbonate zip and stud fastening ★ Two large poxh pockets with weather openings and studded flaps ★ Two breast pockets, large inside map pocket Draw cord al hem ★ Detachable hood ★ Stormproof cuffs Colour Olive Green Sizes 36, 38. 40, 42, 44. 46 Refund pledge - if not entirely satisfied Please make cheque or postal order WEARITE CLOTHING CO Dept BB, Park View Works, 257 West Green Road, London N15 SEE. Tel: 01-802 3399 237 Royal College Street, London NW1 a Tel: 01-485 9989 i CALLERS WELCOME , FOCALPOINT Deal with birdwatchers who understand your requirements Buying a Telescope Outfit? LEITZ Binoculars Beautifully made precision insirumenis With contrast, resolution, flatness of field, true inlernal focusing design, and climale resist- ance which are unsurpassed And all wilhin a compact lightweight design' As used by both principals of Focalpoinl - and many thousands of discerning birders Ihroughoul the world All sizes are available from slock NEW - ADLERBLICK 'Mullicoated' exceptional quality 8 x 42 16995 10 x 42 1 79,95 10 x 50 198 95 NIKON Fieldscope system in slock — from £269 Take acJvantage of our special Christmas offer! Buy any one of our 50 popular telescopes with case, tripod (Slik D2, 88BD or Shogun, or Manfrotto) and strap — And we will give you FREE a top quality European wide HIDE MOUNT! (worth £30-1-) offer valid until 31-12-88 or until stocks run out. NEW Skua Mkll cases for Kowa TSN telescopes in stock now. Total encase- ment. ultra rugged and weatherproof Stays on the scope at all times BIRDGUIDES Ask for details of these tours GAMBIA Nov '88 - FULL VENEZUELA Jan '89 MAJORCA Apr 89 SOUTHERN SPAIN May ’89 KENYA Sept '89 QUESTAR - Mirror Scopes the best that money can buy! MAIL ORDER TONY & ENID MURPHY Open Mon.-Fri. SPECIALIST P/P & INS FREE' FOCALPOINT 9.30-5.30 14 Cogshall Lane, Comberbach, Sat. 9.30-4.00 REPAIRS & Northwich, Cheshire CW9 6BS Closed Sundays SERVICING Telephone: 0606 891098 (0416) and Bank Holidays xiii ‘7 can only compliment the manufacturers on producing such a good, low-cost telescope.” (British Birds Vol 79 No 10 October 1986). MERLIN Series Short Tube Straight Through Spotting Scopes - 50mm/60mm/75mm. This compact, all purpose spotting scope is ideal for field use. Includes standard thread tripod mount and fully coated optics. Comes complete with 20 X /25x 730 X eyepiece and protective lens caps. Inter- changeable eye-pieces available. The Mirador factory in Tokyo has been producing fine optical equipment for the world’s more serious birdwatchers since 1 951 . For full information just send an s.a.e. to: ■ vm uviN>i 55 Brewery Road, London N7 9QU (D173) The Sparrows by J. Denis Summers-Smith This authoritative monograph on the genus Passer covers the world's 20 species of ‘true sparrows’ which, today, have an almost worldwide distribution. As well as the detailed, individual species accounts there are chapters discussing sparrow characteristics and relationships, sparrow evolution and their systematic position. Robert Gillmor’s eight colour plates superbly illustrate all the species and a further 62 of his drawings grace the text pages. In addition, there are over 100 maps and diagrams. 344 pages, plus 8 colour plates, £22.00 net T & A D POYSER (D440) \\v British BirdShop I’lease tick ..ws.ooD Aa ■idetilals D ..i;95.(K)n ALL LIS TLl) BOOKS ARL POS I FRLL I’O ‘BRI USH BIRDS’ Sl'BSClRlBLRS Recordings Hease add LI .75 p & p per order Slure Palmer & )elVer\' Boswall .1 kield (iuide to the liird Songs oj Hrituin and Europe (.omplete set <)( 16 c assettes in lour packs (rimiiing time approx 1 hours) (t st \i PKicr £103) Individual cassette [tacks (£28. (H) each) Divers to trulls D; Terns to warhiers CD ; (ioldcrest to crows □ C'.omplete set ol 15 1. 1’ discs o( birds (running time approx 12 hours) (l st \l I’Klc r £ 105) C annplete .set of 1 5 I .P di.scs ofbirds and 2 I .P discs of mammals (t st \M«Kl( K £ 1 20) I. P disc Divers to swans RTI.P,5(K)1 CD I.Pdisc Ducks and raptors RTI.P.5(X)2 CD I.Pdiscfiame-birds to 1 .ong-billed Dowitcher R1 I.P.5003 CD I Pdisc .Spotted Redshank logidls RT1.P.5(K)I CD I.Pdisc Terns toowls RF1,P.5(K)5 CD I. Pdi.se Nightjars to larks RTI.P.5(K)6 D I .P disc .Martins to I .anceolated Warblers RFl .P.5(K)7 CD I. Pdi.se 3()warblers RFI. P.5008 D I.Pdisc (ioldcrest to Red-flanked Kluetail RFI. P.5009 CD I.Pdisc Thrushes to treecree|)ers RFI.P.50I0 CD I.Pdisc Huntings to Scarlet Roselinch RFI.P.50I I CD I.P disc Pine Grosbeak tocrows RFI.P50I2 CD I.Pdisc .Accidentals up toCiommon Night hawk RFI. P.50 13 CD I.P disc Remaining accidentals RFI. P.50 Tl CD I.P disc F.xtra recordings aiul more accidentals RFI. P.50 1 5 CD Companion set of recordings of fd) Hrifish and European mammals I.Prlisc Hedgehog to Polecat RFI. P.50 16 CD I.P di.se Otter to Musk Ox RFI .P.501 7 □ Kettle British Bird Songs and Calls (2-cas.sette pack) .Mild Soviet Bird Songs (2 cassettes) Roche /iirr/tcn/Aer (3-cassette [rack) (G. Helm) £6.95 each* * *plus £1.75 p&p per order .£ 13.99 □ .£19.95 □ . £28.95 □ Books and other items are included in British BirdShop only if they are approved by British Birds and considered to be generally reliable, good value and useful additions t<5 a birdwatcher’s librarv'. .\ny item ordered through British BirdShop which fails to meet your approval can be returned and your money will be refunded without question. It is our aim to provide British Birds subscribers with the best and most reliable serxice possible. .Ml correspond- ence concerning British BirdShop should be addressed to British BirdShop, c/o NHBS, 2 W ills Road, Totnes, Devon TQ9 5X\. Books .All listed books are P(7S r FRF.F.. New books and special offers marked * .Ali & Riplev ! landbook of the Birds of India and Pakistan. co\n* uri rnn io\ ((51 'P) £75 *Brilish Bird.s/IB('F. International Bird Identipcation (isc \i.t.x £8. .50) Paperijack £7 Bu.sby Birds in Mallorca (G. Helm) £16 *C.\vA\\d\er Sorth .\tlantic Shorehirds (.Macmillan) Kxci.cmvf I’RFPI bi.icaiiovofffr (usual price £12.95) £10 (iheng'Tso-Hsin .1 Synop.ds o/'thc .\vifaiina of China (Purey) £98 Golslon & Burton .1 Eield Guide to the li 'aders of Britain and Europe leith Sorth .\frica and the .Middle Eerst (Hodder& Stoughton) £9 ('.ramp Birds of the Western Palearctic vol. 1 £75 CD vol. 2 £75 CD vol. 3 £75 CD vol. 4 £75 CD vol. 5 £ 1 )elin & Svensson Photographic Guide to the Birds of Britain and Europe (Hamlyn) £ 1 4 Dull, Hatton & Stirrup \ot BB HI Paperback £1 F'aiTand .Audubon .Master Guide to Birding vol. I £10.95 CD vol. 2 £10.95 CD vol. 3 £10.95 CD vols. 1-3 £30 Fr\-, Keith & I 'rban 7Xe/t;rrfs o/.4/nft7 (.Academic Pres.s) vol. I £71. ,50 CD vol. 2 £71.50 CD vol. 3 £71 Gensbol Birds oflSey of Britain and Europe, .Worth .Africa and the Middle East (Collins) £ 1 4 (iooders lihereto Watch Birds in Britain and Europe (C. Helm) Paperback £9 ♦(ioodwin Crows of the World'lnA edn (Brit. Mus.) F.xci.Isixt.offfr (rfih c.FDFRONt £.30.1X1) £22 Harbard .4 Bird-watcher's Qiiiz Bonk (C'.ollins) Paperliack £2 ♦Harris. Tucker & N'inicombe Bird Identification (Macmillan) F.xc i.tMVF PRF.Pt tit tcvi tox offfr (usual price £14.95) £12 Flarrison, C., & Reid-Henr\ .4 HLston of the Birds of Britain (Collins) £ 1 4 Harrison, V. Seabirds: an identification guide Re\'\seAedr\. (C. Helm) Bf.m Biri)B\?rle C.ceek Press) £15.00 EH Redman & Harrap Birdwatching in Britain: a site-by-site guide (C. Helm) £ 1 2.95 EH *.Sharrock Ihe Frontiers of Bird Identification (British Birds) (lsr.\l.HKlCF.£9.95) £7.95 EH SsnosN A Study of Blackbirds Ke\'\sed edn (British Museum) Paperback £7.95 EH *Soper Go ftrrfin?.' (BBCi) Paperback £4.95 □ *SOVON Atlas van de Nederlandse Vogels Exc:i.I'si\t. rf.dl'c:fdi’RIc:f (usually £2 1 .00) £18.00 EH Eulloch Bobby Tulloch’sShetlarui (WAcmxWnn) £14.95 EH Viney & Phillipps Birds of Hong Kong Ath edn Paperback £14.50 EH Voous Owls of the Northern Hemisphere (Collins) £45.00 EH British Birds The 'British Birds’ List of Birds of the Western Palearctic 1978 edn £0.60 EH 1984 edn, ifotherbooks ordered, £1 .00 EH 1984 edn £1 .85 EH If you know the current price, you can order Wi natural histor\' book in print by using the wriit.-in ordfrs section below. On these write-in orders, please add 10% lor postage and packing (up to a maximum of £3.50). *.\11 liooks published by T. & ,\. 1). Poyser can be ordered in the \\ RHT-l\ ordf.r.s section below. WRl I K-IN ORDFRS Binders The British Birds Binder {ho\ds 12 issues & index) £6.95 EH Ti^s Ties, with Red Grouse emblem in white, £6.95 each: Blue EH Green EH Brown EH Maroon EH PRICES VALID DURING JANUARY 1989 Make all cheques and POs payable to British Birds. Payment can be made in I '.S$ or Irish punts at current exchange rates. .Sterling payments can also be made directly into f*K (iiro account number 37 .388 8303, but please still post this form. Please* allow 28 days for delivery in IK. longer if abroad. To qualify for PO.ST FRF.F. please c|uole your BB ref. no. .Name.... .•\ddress Ref. No. I'otal £ (:heque/P() enclosed EH Giro paytnent made EH 5 ou can also pay using If your address for credit card purfxises is dilferetit from that above, give it here these credit cards: Please debit my .■Xccess/V'i.sa/MasteK'.aexl/Eumcatxl Expiry (kite Signature You can phone in your credit card orders, bitt please t|uote your BB ref no. as well as your credit card tio iKt . l otnes (0803) 86.5913 VISA MnKiw^ctU Send order to: British BirdShop, c/o NHBS, 2 Wills Road, Totnes, Devon TQ9 5XN XVI 23 European news West Ukraine, in Decenilier 1976, and Eytomyr Region in January 1987. Rook Con'us fivgilegus NORW.w Population estimate: 350 pairs in 1986, confined to counties of Uedmark, Oppland, Rogaland and Sor- I'rondelag. Tree Sparrow Passer montanus morocco First record for east: two netted near Ber- kane on 1st May 1988 is the twenty-second national record. Two-barred Crossbill I.oxia leucoptera NOR- UAN First confinned breeding: nest found in .\pril 1987. Flock of 75 at Sotra near Bergen in February 1987 and some present in southeast in spring 1988. SWKDK.N I'hird successive influx year: 750 individuals in 1987, including possible breeding. Crossbill Loxia curvirostra NOR\v.\^' Large breeding population: many in south from summer 1987 {Bril. Birds 81: 22) to spring 1988, owing to good spruce cone crop. .Most departed during summer 1988, leaving very few in August. Trumpeter Finch Bucanetes githaginem CM’- Rfs First winter record: Ladies Mile, .\kro- tiri, on 5th December 1987* is sixth record. FKDF.R.M. RF.Pi Bi.tt: OF tiF.RM.WA' First record: Sylt, .Schleswig-Holstein, during 26th-27th July 1987. Scarlet Rosefinch Carpodacus etylhrinus I F.D- F.R.M. RF.Pt'Bl.IC OF CF.RMANA' First breeding on Helgoland: four pairs bred in 1987. l KR.MNF SSR Range extension: southerly expansion in West Ukraine during 1986-88. Pine Grosbeak Pinicoia emicleator francf. First record: male in Haut-Rhin, .\lsace, on 7th .May 1988*. BullBnch Pyrrhula pyrrhiila ckrainf. ssr Range extension: southerly expansion in West Ukraine during 1982-88. Northern Parula Panda americana I R WCF Correction: third record was during 17th- 28th October 1987, not 14th-16th .Septem- ber 1987 {Brit. Birds 81: 338). Pine Bunting Emberiza lencocephalns NKt ttFR- l..\NI)s Influx: three between 19th October and 4th November 1987 are twenty-second to twenty-fourth records (plate 12). 12. Male Pine Bunting Emberiza leucocephalos, .Netherlands, November 1988 {.\rnoud B. van den Berg) 13. Black-faced Munling Emberiza .spodocephala. .Netherlands, November 1986 {Brit. Birds 8\ : 22) {.Anwud B. 'van den Berg) 24 Cirl Bunting Emberiza cirltts III NCiAR'i Breed- ing decline: following colonisation in 1975, a small population built up in the south since 1981, fjut only one pair with young obserxed in 1988. Little Bunting Embeiiza pusilla DKNM.XRK Fifteenth record: Christ ianso on 4th May 1988*. SP.MN First three twentieth-centurx records: first-years ringed at Comillas, Cian- tabria, on 9th November, 14th December and 28th December 1986. Chestnut Bunting Emberiza rutila X'l'GO- ■Si..A\ i.\ First record: one (probably juvenile) trapped at Idrija on lOth October 1987. Reed Bunting Emberiza schoeniclu.s taBR.M.'l'.XR Second record: female on 25th .\pril 1988* (first record was in 1987: lirit. Birds 81: 339). European news Black-headed Bunting Emberiza melanoce- phala DK.N.M.ARK Fifth and sixth records: male and female ringed at Christianso during 29th-30th May 1988*, and single at Frestrup, northwest Jutland, on 28th May 1988*. FR.XNCF, Increasing spring records: at least six males and probably two females during May and June 1988, all but one in south; ‘future breeding possible’. M.\l.i.\ Ninth record: July 1988. SWF.DF.N Fourteenth record: male at Nidingen, Kattegat, during 11th- 13th June 1987. Northern Oriole Icterus galbula NORW.XX' First record: second-year male, Utsira, Rogaland, on 28th September 1986. (This species has not previously been mentioned in a ‘Euro- pean news’ summary.) Correspondents At ,si Ri.\ Han-Martin Berg, Osterreichische (iesellschaft fiir Vogelkunde, c/o Naturhistor- isches Museum Wien, .'\-1014 Wien 1, Burgring 7, Fostfach 417, .Austria BF.i.GllM Rene de l.iedekerke & Drs F. L. E. Fombeur, Rue des Haies, 20, B-5‘296, Failhe CA.NARX l.si.ANfxs Keith Emmerson & Dr .Aurelio Martin, Departamento de Biologia .Animal (/.oologia), Universidad de la Laguna, 38206 La Laguna, Fenerife t:vi’Rt s C. J. L. Bennett, F.O. Box 4319, Nicosia (:/.F.(:il()Sl.()\ AKIA Dr Karel Stastny, Institute of .Applied Fkologv' and Ecotechnology, .Agriculture University in Prague, 281 63 Kostelec n.c.lesy DF.NNtARK Henrik Dissing & Lars Norgaard .Andersen, Rapportgruppen, Dansk Ornitologisk Forening, Vesterbrogade 140, DK-1620 Kbh. V F.s'FONl.AN .s.SR \ ilju I.illeleht, Institute of Zoologx’ and Botany, 21 A'anemuise St, SL’-202400 Fartu FF.DFR.Al. rf.pi bi.k; OF (iF.RNtANY .Alistair Hill, .Albrecht-Haushofer-Str. 10, 3200 Hildesheim FIM..\.NI) .Martti Hario, The Finnish Ornithological Society, P. Rautatiekatu 13, SF-00100 Helsinki 10 FRANCF Dr Philippe J. Dubois, LPO, 51 rue Laugier, 75017 Paris (.FRXtAN DF.NtocR.ATic: RFPt bi.k; Dr W. Eichstadt, Nr. 12, l.inken, DDR 2101 (.IBR.AI.'F.AR Steve Holliday, 6 Phillimore House, Buena A'ista GRFF.CF. (Jeorge I. Handrinos, 50 El Venizelou Str, 166 75 (ilyfada MI NGARX Dr (iabor Magyar & /.oltan Walic/.ky, Magyar Mardatani Egxesiilet, H-1121 Budapest, Koltd u. 21 ISRAFI. Hadoram .Shirihai, Israel Frust for Ornitholog) , P.O. Box 4168, Eilat 88102 llAl.x Marco (Justin, Sta/.ione Romana, Osser\a/.ione e Protezione Uccelli, via Palo l.aziale 2, 00055 c/o Bosco di Palo WAVE, I.adispoli, Roma t.A tA lAN S.SR Dr J. Baumanis, Laboratory' of Ornithology , Miera 3, 229021 .Salaspils .MAl.iAjoe Sultana & Charles Cauci, Sciberras Flats/3, Fleur-de-LysJunction, Birkirkara MOROCCO Michel I'hevenot, I.aboratoire de Biogeographie et Ecologie des A’ertebres .Mediterraneens, Case 100, Universite de Montpellier 1 1, Place Eugene Bataillon, F 34060 Montpellier (Jedex, 4'rance NFFMFRl.ANDS Edward van IJzendoorn, Derde Schinkelstraat 45, 1075 I K, .Amsterdam NORWAY (ieodrey H. Acklam, Nordliveien 18, 1320 .Stabekk Poi.ANl) Dr Fadeusz .Stawarczyk, Wrocfaw University, Wtady.s'faw Rydzewski, Museum of Natural Histoi^, Sienkiewicza 21, 50-335 Wroclaw POR Fl'GAI. .Antonio M. Feixeira, Ministerio do Plano e da .Administracao do I'erritorio, .Secretaria de Estado do Ambiente e dos Recursos Naturals, Serxiyo Nacional de Part|ues, Reservas e Conserva<,'ao da Natureza, Rua da l.apa, 73, 1200 Lisboa 25 European news ROMANIA Dr X’icior Ci(xhia, Sir. Pavilioanele CFR 30, RC:-22(M) Brasov SPAIN l^r Kduardo de Juana, A. Claledra de /axdogia (Vertebrados), Facultad df Bioloa;ia, Rl. 9", L'liiversidad Complutense, 28040 .Madrid SWF.DKN Krik Flirschfcld, S. Fdrstads^. 02, .S-211 43 Malnio swn ZKRI.ANl) Dr Niklaus /binden, Schweiz. Vo^elwarte, CFl-6204 Senipach rKRAINF. ssR I. Ciorban, West Ukrainian Avifaunislic Commission, 204001 Shack, .National Park, \’olyn Region ^■^C;<).SI..\\■IA Iztok Ceister, 04202 Naklo, Pokopaliska pot 13 No inlomiation was received from Albania, Bulgaria, the Faroe Islands, l.uxembourg or Iceland. Mystery photographs ■| Siberian Tit Pams cinctus and Sombre Fit P. lu^ubris are IkxIi X heavy tils, with the proportions of (ireat Tit P. major, and both also have very extensive dark chin-patches, far larger than those of our mystery bird. Nobody is likely to have had any dilTiculty in knowing instantly that plate 335 (repealed here) shows either a Marsh Tit P. palustris or a Willow' Tit P. montanus. The problem of separating those two species has already been discussed in this series (number 2, Pril. Birds 70: 34, plates 7, 73-74), so all the various distinguishing features need not be covered again (and eveiyone who has subscribed to BB for 1 1 years or more will undoubtedly have got the answer right). I [Hiit. Hirds H2: Januan I9R9] 26 Mystery photographs The best way to be absolutely certain about any Marsh/Willow Tit identification is to hear the bird give one of the two diagnostic calls — either a ringing ‘pitchou’ (Marsh) or a buzzing ‘eez eez eez’ (Willow). Failing that, and less-than-perfect views, with perhaps only one plumage feature seen well, many Marsh/Willow Tits have to remain indeterminate. .My ‘local patch’ in Bedfordshire formerly held about equal numbers of the two species, and I failed to identify many silent, merely-glimpsed individuals. In the past two or three years, however. Willow Tits have declined (and Marsh Tits perhaps increased) in numbers locally, to the extent that I had not seen or heard a Willow Tit for some months until I recently found a single pair. The contrast with the many Marsh Tits which 1 had seen during this lean-Willow period was very striking, and demonstrated to me (far more clearly than when the two species were both to be seen regularly) how distinctive is the difference in ‘bibs’. The dark chin-patch of Marsh Tit is a neat, small ‘Hitler-moustache’; the dark chin of Willow Tit is a relatively large, triangular ‘bow-tie’. It is usually easier to see the bib, even at a distance, than to decide whether or not the folded wing shows a pale panel. The pale edges to the secondaries of Willow Tit usually create a strikingly pale area, but — at some viewing angles — Marsh Tit can also sometimes seem to show a panel. I'he two species also have a structural dilTerence. Whereas the shape of .Vlarsh Tit is not unlike that of Coal F. ater or Blue P. caeruleus. Willow Tit 15. .\lyster)' photograph 140. Identify the species. .Answer next month 27 Mystery photographs has a disproportionately large head and ‘bull-necked’ appearance, the head sometimes seeming to be almost as large as the body, and the neck lying ‘in rolls’ over the back. Is its crown matt (Willow and juvenile Marsh) or glossy (adult Marsh)? It is difficult to tell, and its wing-panel is not very distinct, but our mystery bird does show the classic big-headed, bull-necked appearance, and also the large ‘bow-tie’ chin-patch, of Willow Tit. It was photographed in Belgium in March 1984 by Marc Raes. JTRS Notes Great White Egrets feeding in wake and robbing Black-headed Gulls On 28th May 198b, from a large pleasure-boat on the Neusiedlersee, .\uslria, 1 saw three (ireat White Egrets Egretta alba fly in to join a small flock of Black-headed Lams ridihundiis and Herring (iulls L. argentatus following the boat. .\s the craft cruised along shallow recd-fringed channels, its propcllors created a wake o\er which the egrets repeatedly hovered with legs and neck c.xtcnded downwar ds. One snatched a fish about 15 cm long from the water, but then dropped it, losing the meal to a Herring Gull. Black-headed Gulls taking small food items from the wake were pursued and harassed by the egrets, which were able to match the speed of an individual gull over distances of up to about 600 m, although none offi\e pursuits obserced during a period of about 20 minutes resulted in an egret obtaining food. The Herons Handbook (Hancock & Kushlan 1984) states that feeding methods of the Great White Egret include ‘Hovering. Dipping and Plunging’, but I can find no r'eference to this species feeding behind boats nor to food-robbing by this or any other species of West Palearctic heron. Philip H. Smith Department of Biology, Liverpool Polytechnic, Byrom Street, Liverpool L33AF Repeated aggression by Oystercateber towards Bar-tailed Godwit On 21st May 1986, near Salthouse, Norfolk, I watched a Bar-tailed Godwit Limosa lapponica repeatedly attempting to feed in a particular shallow pool. Each time it arrived, however, it was attacked by a male Oystercateber Haematopus ostralegus and forced to fly to a muddy area (without a pool) about 25 m away; on several occasions, the Oystercateber lunged at the godwit and made contact with its bill. The Oystercatcher’s mate was sitting on eggs on shingle about 40 m away. Throughout the 1 V2 hours that I watched, the Oystercateber made no attempt to attack birds of other species: Shelducks Tadoma tadoma, 28 Notes Ringed Plovers Charadiiiis hiaticulo. Reds ban ks'Tmi^rt totanus, Turnstones Arenaria interpres and numerous Black-headed Gulls Lams ridibundus all fed freely at the favoured pool. A. P. RadfokI) Crossways Cottage, West Bagborough, Taunton, Somerset TA4 3KC I'his would appear to be a selecli\e attack on a food competitor, and perhaps, tlierefore, not so surprising. F,l)S Unusual flight-bathing behaviour by Greenshanks On 5th October 1985, while watching a group of three Greenshanks Tringa nebularia feeding in shallow water at Gley, Norfolk, we saw two of the waders behave in a manner which we had not previously obser\ed. From a standing or feeding position (fig. lA), the Cireenshanks rose to a height of about 1 m above the water surface, flew for 5-10 m (fig. IB), and then suddenly plunged, legs first, into the water (fig. IG), where they performed what can only be described as ‘frenzied’ bathing, in which the whole body, partially submerged, was vigorously shaken from side to side; this whole sequence of events lasted for between ten and 20 seconds. The waders would then fly up and repeat the whole process a further six or seven times, in a hectic manner, before resuming feeding a few metres from the site of activity. .Mthough both Cfreenshanks followed the same behavioural pattern as described, their respective flight paths were quite separate. ;\ few minutes later, the whole jjerformance was repeated by, presumably, the same two individuals, and again, some ten minutes later, by a single Greenshank. Fig. 1. Flight-bathing by (ireen.shank Tringa nebularia (/I. M. Dodd) There appeared to be no obvious explanation for this behaviour other than its being some form of exaggerated flight-bathing, but the possibility that it was used as a means of disturbing potential prey could not be totally discounted, even though the waders did not feed in the area subjected to their activity. Reference to Vie Handbook, BWB (vol. 3), A Diclionaiy of Birds (Clampbell «& Lack 1986) and Creenshanks (Nethersole- 'Thompson & Nethersole-l'hompson 1979) yielded no possible explana- tion for the behaviour either by Greenshanks or by other related species. Andrew M. Dodd, Pai'i, Hoedswor i ii ,\\d Nic:k Goodver 16 Rise Bark, Basildon, Essex SSlj 5DZ Dr Dcsmoiul Nciher.sole- Fliompson lias commented as follows: ‘I have not seen anything like this; certainly not the drop into water from 1 m above the surface. I doubt. Notes 29 however, whether it was done to stir up food creatures. The (ireenshank apparently did not immediately return to the place where it had dropped. Is it not possible that these birds were suflering from some lorm ol irritation, possil)ly connected with the moult? In 197b, I saw an eccentric cock which s|)ent much time in exaggerated forms of washing and bathing. He used also to touch down in the middle of a small loch where he twirled like a phalarope Phnlaropus (1986, Waders: their breediuj) haunts and watchers, page 175).’ Kds Kingfisher impaling its catch On 16th September 1983, while my husband and I were watching from the public hide at Minsmere, Sufiolk, a Kingfisher Alcedo atthis landed on a bramble in front of us. It dived into the dyke between us and the bush and caught a small silver fish, which it then impaled on a thorn of the bush. Ignoring the quivering fish, the Kingfisher successfully dived again and proceeded to eat this second catch. It then flew off, leaving the first fish still shaking on the thorn, "fhe Kingfisher later returned to the adjacent bush, from which it continued to fish successfully. Eventually it flew off, leaving the first catch untouched. IK Ci.XRROi) 76.9 Foxhall Rood, Ipswich IN 5TJ David Boag has commented as follows: ‘.\s vvell as hearing about this behaviour, I have observed it on two separate occasions. I’he explanation is simple, and the behaviour is purely accidental. .\ Kingfisher returns to the branch or barbed-wire fence, having caught its prey. It always stuns the fish by slapping its head on the perch on which it is standing. On odd occasions the fish becomes impaled as it is hit. I he Kingfisher certainly does not intend to do so and on some occasions it will struggle to remove it. However, if fish are plentiful and easy to catch, it may not bother, preferring to catch another hsh. Once the fish is dead", the Kingfisher will no longer be interested in it. It has been reported to me that one barbed-wire fence contained a row of four or five fish, impaled on the barbs. It was then suggested that it was a deliberate “larder” and this was backed up by the fact that the fish were not present a few days later. I will not accept this and I am certain that something other than a Kingfisher removed them’. Kns Desert Lark using Song Thrush-like technique to break hard food item On 4th November 1986, at Netaphim Spring, near Eilat, Israel, we heard a tapping sound recalling that made by a Song Thrush Turdus philomelos breaking open a snail shell on its anvil. We were surprised to discover that it was made by a Desert Lark Ammomones deserti which was holding a piece of hard material in its bill and hitting this, by means of sharp sideways and downward movements, against the rocky desert ground (plates 16 & 17). The actions seemed no different from those of a Song Thrush with a snail. The lark hit the material two to five times in succession, until a small piece broke off, then dropped the larger portion, ate the broken fragments, picked up the largest remaining portion and restarted hammering. This was repeated constantly as we watched at a range of about 6 m for about three minutes. We estimated that the original piece of material had been about 1.5 cm X 1.0 cm X 0.5 cm. The entire object was eventually eaten, and we were unable to find any fragments to identify. From its appearance, it could have l>een a piece of fossilised shell or soft rock, but, since the area is the start of a much-frequented trail, the object was probably a piece of rock-hard sunbaked bread. We would have 30 ■Notes 16 & 17. Desert Lark Ammomanes deserti beating edible object against ground, Israel, November 1986 {Killian Mullamey) expected a lark to have pecked at such an object to break it up, rather than to have held it and hammered it. J. T. R. Sharrock, Alan Harris and Killian Mullarney Fountains, Park Lane, Blunham, Bedford MK44 3NJ \\ hereas the snail-bashing behaviour of the Song Thrush is highly specialised, this Desert Lark seems to have been using (on inanimate prey) the typical action known as ‘flogging’ used by many passerines, and other birds, to prepare prey lor swallowing, d’his sort of prey-beating movement is probably widespread and basic, even if lost by some species and \ariously modified by others. Dr K. E. L. Simmons noted {Ardea 40: 67-72) that Desert Lark ‘in dealing with seeds and [goat] dung . . . were somewhat thrush-like, hammering them vigorously with the bill’. Further observations will be welcome. Flos Crested Lark using ‘anvil’ On 2nd April 1986, at Oued Massa, southwest Morocco, my wife and I watched one of many Crested Larks Galerida cristata along a stony track. This individual was running in characteristic fashion, but, unlike any other lark that 1 have seen, it carried a snail in its bill. When it stopped running, the lark began to hammer the snail furiously on a stone, in the manner of a Song Thrush Turdus philomelos. Having quickly cracked open and devoured its prey, the lark flew off On examination, the ‘anvil’ proved to have been in regular use, as the remnants of other snails were close by. Despite our efforts over the Notes 31 lollowing three days, vve saw neither a repeat performance nor other anvils. I can find no record of any lark species behaving in this fashion. S 'l F.VF. Riffy 25 Abbots If flv, Fonnby, Merseyside liWP vol. 5 records molluscs in the diet of Clrested Fark and the ‘flogging’ of large insects to solten them. It does not, however, mention the repeated use of an anvil. F.Ds Skylark in continuous song whilst being attacked by Merlin On 30th October 1985, at South Walney Nature Reser\e, Cumbria, I was surprised to find a Skylark Alauda ari'ensis in full song, 90 m over rough ground, d he lark was being pursued by a Merlin Falco columbarius and was rising and falling in typical song flight, but the \ariations in height (no more than 10 m) were timed so as to avoid the falcon’s attacks. The Merlin made ten attempts to catch the .Skylark, and, each time, the lark avoided capture at the last second. I hroughout the episode (approxi- mately five minutes), the Skylark sang without pause, before suddenly flying off silently, still jiursued by the .Merlin. TiM I)F.\X Coastguard Cottages, South W’aluey Nature Resen or two times the published size. I'hese sales help not only the artists, but also BB, since the artists donate ‘20% to the journal. It is also a way for BB readers to acquire — for themselves or as a present for a Irienci — top-class art at very reasonable prices. During the past year, successful postal bids have ranged from £30 to £200; the average has been £78. W hy not send in your bid each month.’* If you are successful (if your bid is the highest, and it exceeds the artist’s reserve price), you will be asked to pay the sum you bid, plus £1.50 for |X)stage and packing. Send your name, address and telephone number and your bid (no money at this stage), to arrive before the last day of the month, to Cover Bid, Fountains, Park Lane, Blunham, Bedford MK+4 :tN|. Photographs and drawings may be for sale Many of the photographers and artists whose pictures appear in British Birds welcome the opportunity to sell their work. .Anyone who wishes to obtain either photographic prints or original drawings is welcome to write (making an etu|uiry about availability, making an appropriate offer, or seeking the price) to the photographer or artist concerned, c/o Fountains, Park Lane, Blunham, Bedford MK44 :t\). W'e will forward all such letters, as a serxice to our readers and contributors. ■/ Sponsored by Collins ^ and Christopher Helm^l^ Bird Photograph of the Year Phis year is the thirteenth in the competition’s history . We are delighted that ‘Bird Photograph of the 5'ear’ is once again sponsored by two long- standing friends of British Birds, the publishing firms Christopher Helm Publishers Ltd and William C'.ollins Sons & Co. Ltd, both very well known for their high-quality natural history books. Fhe rules are as follows: I’p to three colour transparencies, each taken (luring 1988, may he submitted by each photographer. IVansparencies should not Ik- glass-mounted. They will Ite judged not only on technical excellence, but also on originality, scietitific interest, aesthetic appeal and artistic composition. F’reference will l>e given to photographs taken in the West Palearctic (Britain, Kuro()e, North .Africa and the .Middle F,ast), but tho.se of species on the West Palearctic list taken anywhere in the world are also eligible. Phtttographs must not h.ave been submitted lor publication elsewhere (though, of course, the copyright remains with the photographer and use subsequent to publication in British Birds is unrestricted). The photographs by winner and runners-up may be used at the discretion of the judges or for the promotion of British Birds or the competition. .A brief account (not more than 200 words) should l)e enclosed with each, giring the cin'umstances in which obtained, the method used, technical details (focal length of lens and make of camera and film), locality, date and photographer's name and address. Transparencies will be returned only if accompanied by a suitable S.AK. Kntries are accepted only on the above conditions. i he judging panel will consist of Dr R. J. Chandler, F.ric Hosking, Dr J. F. R. Sharrock and Don .Smith. Past winners of this competition have been Michael C. Wilkes (1977), Peter Lowes (1978), Dr Fdmtind C. Fellowes (1979), Don Smith (1980), Richard T. Mills (1981), Dennis Coutts (1982), David M. Cottridge (1983), John I.awton Roberts (1984), C. R. Knights (1985), .Alan Moffett (1986), Dr Kevin Carlson (1987) and Bob Glover (1988). The 1989 awards (cheque for £100 and engraved salver for the winner, cheques for £40 and £25 for the second and third and £25-worth of Collins books and £25-worth of Christopher Helm books for each of the top three photographers) will be presented at a Press Reception in London in May or June. Fhe runners-up will be welcome to attend the award presentation. Fhe closing date for entries is 31st January 1989. Transparencies should be clearly marked ‘Bird Photograph of the Year' and sent to the editorial office at Fountains, Park lane, Blunham, Bedford NtK44 3NJ. Best recent black-and-white bird-photographs The closing date for submission of prints for the thirtieth annual selection is 31st January 1989. Photographers may submit as many black-and-white prints as they wish. Fhe following details should be written on the back of each print: photographer’s name 34 Announcements and address, species, county (or country', if taken abroad), month, year, and technical details, such as make and size of camera, make and focal length of lens, type of fdm material, exposure and approximate distance from the subject. Prints will he retained in the editorial office as part of the reference collection and for possible use in the journal unless a request for return is noted on the back of each print and a suitable stamped addressed envelope is supplied. Entries should be addressed to ‘Best recent work’. Fountains, Park Lane, Blunham, Bedford .MK44 SNJ. telescopes Bird Illustrator of the Year We are delighted that this year’s competition will again be sponsored by Kowa telescopes. Amateur and professional artists are invited to submit four line-drawings suitable for reproduction in British Birds (pen-and- ink or scraperboard, but not pencil or wash). The subjects should be birds recorded in the West Palearctic (FTirope, North Africa and the Middle East). Exact size is important: drawings should be the following /^recbe sizes (width X depth in cm): (a) 18.6 X 20.8, (b) 16.35 X 6.9 and (c) 8.1 X 6.0, for publication at two-thirds of those dimensions (the largest drawing (a) may, if preferred, be submitted at 24.8 X 27.75, for publication at half-size). Each set of four drawings must include at least one each of a, b and c. Entries will be judged as sets. Drawings based on published photographs or drawings are ineligible. 4'he announcements of the previous winners {Brit. Birds 72: 403-409; 73: 380-384; 74: 275-278; 75: 304-308; 76: 288-291; 77: 283-288; 78: 317-322; 79: 319-325; 80: 351-361; 81: 299-305) included suggestions intended to help future entrants. Entries need not be mounted, but should have a generous ‘handling margin’ around each drawing. Ehe judging panel will consist of Robert Gillmor, Alan Harris, Keith .Shackleton and Dr J. E. R. Sharrock. Ehe winner will receive £100, a Kowa ESN-3 20-60X zoom telescope and an inscribed salver; the second-placed artist £40 and a ESN-1 20x W Kowa telescope; and the third- placed artist £25 and 4 8-601 20x W Kowa telescope (all three telescopes with cases). .Ml three artists will also be invited to attend the award presentation at a Press Reception at Ehe Mall (ialleries in London, where a selection of the drawings will be on display. .'Ml artists whose work is displayed will also be welcome to attend the reception, which in previous years has provided a very’ happy occasion for meeting many of our top bird artists. Ehe winners’ entries will also be displayed in the annual exhibition of the Society of Wildlife Artists at Ehe Mall (ialleries. Previous winners have been Crispin Fisher (1979), Norman .\rlott (1980 & 1981), Alan Harris (1982), Martin Woodcock (1983), Bruce Pearson (1984), Ian Lewington (1985), Chris Rose (1986), David Quinn (1987) and Martin Hallam (1988). It is one of the main aims of this British Birds competition to encourage and ad\ance the careers of bird artists. Ehe Editorial Board and the competition’s judges are delighted to note that the winners in past years are now all highly successful freelance artists or otherwise employed in posts associated with wildlife. Entries will remain the copyright of the artists, but are accepted on the understanding that they may be reproduced free in, or on the cover of, or for the promotion of British Birds. If accompanied by a suitable stamped addressed envelope, all drawings will be returned to the artists, but any selected for possible use by British Birds may be retained for up to 12 months after the award presentation. Each drawing must be marked clearly on the back with the artist’s name and address (and date of birth if aged under 21, see ‘ Ehe Richard Richardson .Award’, below), the identity of the species, and any other relevant information about the illustration. 4'he closing date will be 14th March 1989; the set of four drawings should be sent to ‘Bird Illustrator of the Year’, P’ormtains, Park Lane, Blunham, Bedford MK44 :iNj. The PJC Award A handsome trophy, the PJC .Award is presented annually, in memoiy of the late Pauline Jean Cook, to the artist whose single drawing submitted for the ‘Bird Illustrator of the Year’ competition is selected by the judges for its individual merit. Ehe holder of the PJC Award also receives an inscribed book as a liermanent .symbol of the achievement. 4'he current holder is John Hollver {Brit. Birds 80: 250-251, 358-359, 588; 81: 299-305). Announcements 35 The Richard Richardson Award I’o encourage young, up-and-coming bird artists, a special award (a cheque and a book to the total value of £60) will be presented for the best work submitted for the ‘Bird Illustrator of the V ear competition (see above) by an artist aged under 21 years on 14th March 1988. I'he winner’s entries will be displayed in the annua exhibition of the Society of Wildlife Artists at The .Mall Galleries. This award is in memory of the famous Norfolk ornithologist and bird-artist, the late R. .\. Richardson. 1 he rules for entry' are exactly the same as for Bird Illustrator ol the Year’ and entries by persons under 21 will automatically be considered for both awards. TMB M\( MlLl A\ TIBLDGI IDKTO Bird iDENTinCATION Alan Harris, Laurel Tucker and Keith VInIcombe '> EXCLUSIVE SPECIAL OFFER! Bird Identification The real problem species-pairs (such as Reed Bunting A'mAer- I'Cfl schoeniclus and Little Bunting K. pusilla) and difficult groups (such as crossbills Loxia and marsh terns ('.hlidonias) are dealt with carefully and thoroughly in this new book, with text by Rarities Committee member, Keith Vinicombe, and illustrated in colour by Alan Harris and the late Laurel Lucker. All the text and captions, and every' painting, have been scrutinised and commented upon by members of BB\ Identification Notes Panel. With such attention to detail — and by concentrating on the most-difficult-to- identify, problem species — this book will be ‘.A MLfST’ for every birdwatcher in- terested in identification, from beginner (it deals with ChifTchaff Fhylloscopus collybita and Willow Warbler P. trochilus) to expert (it also covers Citrine Wagtail Motacilla citreola). .Alan Harris’s plates of Ring-billed Gulls Lams delawarensis {Bril. Birds 81: 127 & 129) and (iull-billed Terns Gelochelidon mlotica (Brit. Birds 82: 7 & 8) were painted for this book and have been included in British Birds by permis- sion of the publishers, Macmillan Press. ^Ve have also arranged with them that British Birds subscribers can obtain the book POS'L FREE at the EXCLL’SI\ E pre- publication price of £12.95, instead of the usual £14.95. Publication will be in March, but, to obtain this concession, copies must be ordered NOW through British BirdShop; they will be despatched to BB subscribers as soon as they become available. Please use the form on pages xv & xvi. Special offers through British BirdShop British Birds subscribers can obtain all the books listed in British BirdShop (pages xv & x\-i) POST FREE. The following special offers are available: A Held Guide to Bird .Songs of Britain and Fjiwpe by Sture Palmer & Jeffery Boswall save £10.00 International Bird Identification save £2.00 North Atlantic Shorehirdshy Richard Chandler save £2.00 Crows qfihe H'orldby Derek Goodwin save £7.50 Bird Identification by .Alan Harris, I.aurel Tucker & Keith \'inicombe save £2.00 The Natural History of the i'.S.SR by .Algirdas Knystautas save £8.00 The Frontiers of Bird Identification from 'British Birds’ papers save £2.00 .\tlas van de Nederlandse I dgels by SO\'ON save £.3.00 Please use British BirdShop for .ALL your book orders. Monthly marathon The third photograph in the current ‘Monthly marathon’ series {Brit. Birds 81: plate 243) was named by competitors as follows: Water Pipit Anthus spinoletta (86%) Eye-browed Thrush Turdiis obscurus (9%) Naumann’s Thrush T. naumarmi (2%) l awny V\px\. Anthus campestris (2%) Sponsored by with a few entries for Desert Lark Ammomanes deserli. Hoopoe Lark Alaenwn olaudipes, Richard’s Pipit Anthus novaeseelandiae. l-ong-hilled Pipit d. similis. Red-throated Pipit d. cen’inus, Wheatear Oenanthe oenanthe. Hooded W’heatear O. monacha and (ire\-necked Bunting Embetiza buchanani. Plate 243 did show a Water Pipit, photographed by G. P. Catley in the Pyrenees in June 1988. A small number of entries identifying the bird as ‘Rock Pipit’ were allowed, since The 'British Birds' List of the Birds of the Western Palearctic (1984) is still the standard reference; the ‘splitting’ of Anthus spinoletta into three separate species {Brit. Birds 81: 206-211) will be incorporated in the next edition of that list. .\fter this third puzzle picture, 80 entrants still have a 100% record, with all three correctly identified. The sixth photograph in the current •Marathon appears opposite (plate 18). Please read the rules thoroughly. I he winner of this third ‘Monthly marathon’ will be able to choose as his or her prize a SUNBIRI) birdwatching holiday in North America, .\frica or Asia. The winner of the first ‘Monthly marathon’ competition was Pekka J. Nikander (Finland), who chose a SUNBIRI) trip to Thailand as his prize {Brit. Birds 80: 342-343; 81: 516), and the winner of the second ‘Marathon’ was .Anthony McGeehan (Northern Ireland), who has chosen a SUNBIRI) trip to the eastern Canadian islands {Brit. Birds 81: 494-496). Kl I KS 1- Only currenl individual subscribers to British Birds are eligible to take part. Kntrants should give tbeir name, address and BB reference number on tbeir entr\'. Only one entrv’ is pemiitted per person each month. 2. Lntries must be sent by post, each one on a separate postcard, and be received at the British Birds Lditorial Oflice (Monthly marathon. Fountains, Park Lane, Bhmham, Bedford mkci :!N|) bv 1.5th of succeeding month. Fver\’ care will be taken, but, even if negligence is involved, no ivs(M)nsibility can be accepted for non-deliveiy, non-receipt or accidental loss of entries. 5. .Ml 'BB' subscribers are eligible, except members of the F.ditorial Board and stalVol /InV/.vA Birds. Directors and members of stall of SL.XBIRD/W IXGS Holidays, and Directors and members of stall' of our printers, Newnorth-Burt Ltd, (Members ol 'BB' Notes Panels, the Rarities Committee, atui other voluntary contributors — including bird-photographers, even il one ol their photographs is used in the com|)etition — arc eligible unless pntscribed above.) I. lo win. a British Birds subscriber must conectly identify tbe s|>ecies shown in ten consecutive photographs included in this com|M'tition. I he '.\ionthly marathon' will continue until the prize has been won. .5. In the unlikely event ol two or inoio 'BB subscribers achieving the len-in-a-row simultaneously, the competition will continue each month until one of them (or .someone else!) achieves a longer run of correct entries than any other contestant. (). In the event ol any dispute, it'icluding controversy over the identity of an\ of the birds in the photographs, the decision of the Managing F.ditor of Bntish Birds is linal and binding on all parties. 7. No correspondence can Im* entered into coticerning this competition. H. The name and address of the winner will lx- announced iu British Birds. 36 Note New Address From swarovski a leading manufacturer of precision optics in the world. Magnificent binoculars to equal or surpass any make for superlative viewing, durability, water-proofing and comfortable handling throughout extended use All this at a sensible price. //\ AUSTRIA ## MANUFACTURED IN AUSTRIA A wide range for all applications Every optical surface multi-coated for almost 100% light transmission Please send your free colour brochure to: Name — Address - — D Swarovski & Co International (UK) Limited, One the Boulevard, Blackmoor Lane. Watford. Herts WDI 8YW Telephone 0923 816 366 I (D350) I 0923 816 (X)5 L J Telex 24 958 SWARO G XVI 1 Nikon FicldSCOpGS CHOSEN ‘THE MOST SATISFACTORY TELESCOPE’ BY READERS OF ‘BRITISH BIRDS’ MAGAZINE 'British Birds,' in its fourth survey of how readers evaluated the binoculars and telescopes they own and use, has rated the Nikon Fieldscope 20x60 ED "The Most Satisfactory Telescope" in the April 1988 issue. NIKON U.K. LTD. 380 Richmond Road, Kingston-upon-Thames, Surrey KT2 5PR Tel: (01) 541 4440 Telex: 923044 (NIKON G) Fax: (01) 541 4584 xviii (D409) Monthly marathon 37 ./il 18. Third ‘Monthly marathon’ competition. Photograph number 6. Identify the species. Rules are given on page 36. Send your answer on a postcard to Monthly .Marathon, Fountains, Park Lane, Bhmham, Bedford MK44 tNj, to arrive by 28th Februar\ 1989 News and comment Mike Everett and Robin Piytherch Opinions expressed in this feature are not necessarily those of ‘British Birds’ NERC cuts We heard in October 1988 that financial cuts by the Natural Environment Research Council were to lead to four redundancies at the world-famous Monks Wood Experimental Station near Hunting- don. By the time you read this, the situation may have changed (one can always hope . . .), but, at the lime of writing, the stalT to go include one from the Biological Records Centre, one from one of the enHronmental pollution teams, one from the birds and farmland project, and one from the bats team. I'he last, to ever\body’s horror, in- volves dispensing with the services of Dr Bob Stebbings, a world authority on bats and, in conservation terms, their leading adx'ocate for many years. Good wildlife and environmental conser\ation depends on good applied research, and the standing and achievements of .Monks Wood in this re- spect are second to none: it is, therefore, particularly tragic, as well as shortsighted, that the N'ERC should decide to hit them so hard, and also ironic that news of the cuts should coincide with trumpetings from the Go\eniment about their positi\e commit- ment to the environment. Target 383 In September 1988, the Wild Bird Society of Japan wrote to tell us that the latest count of Japanese Cranes Gnis japonensis (‘Tancho’ in Japanese) at their year-old Tsurui-Ito Tancho Sanctuarv was 383 birds. The Sanctuaiv, the first private venture of its kind inJapan, has clearly done much to improve the status and prospects of 38 News and comment this endangered species, following on from the 36-year-old custom of the local people of feeding the cranes in winter (which un- doubtedly did much to save them from extinction). Not surprisingly, all this costs money: so the Tancho 383-member Society has been formed, its aim being to raise 60,000,000 yen (about £261,000) by 1992. To do this, it aims to enrol 383 individual or corporate members, who will contribute 50,000 yen (about £271) annually until 1992. The society has a long way to go, appa- rently, but we wish it well in its endeavours. Even one subscriber from the BB readership would be a signihcant contributor ... if you are interested, write for more infomiation to 383-Nin no Kai, c/o Wild Bird Society of Japan, 1-1-4 Shibuya, .\oyama Flower Build- ing 5F, Shibuya-Iou, Tokyo 150, Japan. Bird stamps to celebrate RSPB Centen- ary The RSPB’s centenary is in February, but the Post C)lTice has preempted this with the issue on 17th January of four special commemorative bird postage stamps (see below). Naturally, the RSPB is cock-a-hoop that its centenary is acknow- ledged in this way, and we are, too, for the world-wide publicity for the RSPB must be good news for the .Society’s membership subscription department. KMT. RSPB IXX9 HK** There had to be an Avocet Recurvirostra avosella, of course, but why did the Post OITice decide that the stamps should fea- ture two waders, and also two seabirds? (‘Wot! No-passerines’, was our first reac- tion.) .And why not put the RSPB’s emblem, the Avocet, on the most common- ly used value, the 19p stamp? With the emphasis gi\en nowadays to conserxation of habitat (rather than merely of the birds themselves), it also seems a lost opportun- ity to have the birds so large and with almost no habitat shown. Two of the stamps feature birds with their eggs — not perhaps the image that the RSPB would want to project — and all four birds are clearly at their breeding sites. What about a flying seabird, or waders on an estuary? The stamps look nice enough, but we must admit never to having heard before of the artist (Don Cordery), who is not a member of the Society of Wildlife Artists. How nice it would have been if the Post Office had chosen to have had them designed by a well-known bird artist, such as Norman Arlott, Hilary Burn, Robert Gillmor or Alan Harris, all of whom also have strong RSPB connections, and at least two of whom have considerable experience in stamp design. So, I’m afraid we award only half- hearted congratulations to the Post Office. What a missed opportunity . . . (JTRS) RSPB/Esso Awards The £2,000 Fsso Award in the 1988 RSPB Birds and Country- side .Awards Scheme was won by Colin Shawyer who, on behalf of the Hawk Trust, produced an outstanding and valuable study on the decline of the Barn Owl Tyto alba, which included many practical suggestions for the bird’s future conser\ation. Our con- gratulations to Colin, and also to the other worthy winners: Chris Knights of Norfolk, who won the Individual Prize; the Central Conservation Projects of the .Scottish Con- servation Projects Trust (Croup .Award); the Greater Manchester Countryside FInit (In- dustry Award); Survival .Anglia (Media .Award); and the Hungarian Ornithological Society Committee for Birds of Prey (Euro- pean Award). RSPB remembers Stanley .At a small infomial gathering on 18th October 1988, Bill Park unveiled a plaque in the RSPB hide at Co|5peras Bay, Essex. It commemorates Stanley Cramp and his long involvement with the Society. Stanley would have appre- ciated the simplicity of the occasion as much as the venue — waders were always among his favourite birds and the hide overlooks a particularly good intertidal area on the .Stour. News and comment 39 New RSNC President I’he welfare of birds' and their environment owes more than many of us generally realise to the Royal Society lor Nature Conservation and its constituent bodies, the ‘county trusts’. A new President, Dunstan Adams, takes them forward into the 1990s; we wish him every success and, at the same time, are pleased to take this opportunity to salute and thank his distinguished predecessor, Christopher Cadbury, whose Presidency began as long ago as 1962. Smuggler jailed An (Ontario man was sent to prison for two years in Sydney, Australia, for illegally importing and attempting to export a variety of psittacines. We liked the terse, two-line note from J. N. Hobbs, who sent us the relevant newspaper cutting, which said, simply, ‘May deter any Pommy smugglers, also encourage your Judiciary.’ We couldn’t have put it better ourselves. More warning, please News of several meetings and conferences reached us this year, but in many cases arrived too late for a mention. We like to publicise these when we can, but details must reach us at least Jour months ahead if a line in ‘News and comment’ is to be of any use. Has he got you on his list? Readers who are Gilbert & Sullivan fans have the unusual opportunity of seeing fellow-birder Bill Oddie in the role of the I^rd High Execu- tioner, Koko, in The Mikado, which is running at the Coliseum in London until lOth February 1989. Phis is a new venture for the Little Black Bird Book man, who is usually scriptwriter, presenter or actor, rather than opera (albeit comic opera) star. Doing what comes naturally? I’he Bed- fordshire Natural History Society’s prog- ramme of forthcoming attractions includes the item ‘Current Affairs in Beds’ — presumably one of the .Society’s schemes for obtaining new members. Change of address of Recorder Recorder for Fife, Dougie Dickson, has moved to 45 Hawthorn Terrace, Lhomton, Fife KYi 41)7, Monthly reports We have been striving constantly to increase the usefulness of this popular, regular feature. VV'ith ‘Recent reports’ now appearing separately, and with the twitchers’ grapevine now fonnalised, making up-to-the-minute news of rarities available to all for the price of a telephone call, topicality is no longer a prime requirement for our ‘Monthly reports’. Its greatest value has always been as a summary , for reference, of the major ornithological events of each month, and this aspect will now be given even more emphasis. To this end, ‘Monthly reports’ will be appearing one month later in future, to give time for more information to be gathered (particularly the many county newsletters, which contain invaluable summaries of local influxes and trends) and for these data to be collated and analysed. The next report, covering October 1988, will, therefore, appear in the March issue. Keith .Mlsopp Ian Dawson Barry Nightingale 40 Monthly reports: September After five years as co-collator/coinpiler/author of ‘Monthly reports’, Ian Dawson will soon be retiring from this position. Joining the team at once, and in due course taking over Ian Dawson’s position as co-compiler with Keith Allsopp, we welcome Barr)' Nightingale, ex- County Recorder for Bedfordshire and regular contributor to various features in British Birds. I’hus, now is perhaps the time when we should thank Ian for all his dedicated work in the past, and welcome Barr)', who has yet to discover how time-consuming this task can become. We know that everyone will also note with pleasure that Keith Allsopp has indicated that, despite having been involved now for over 12 years, he is willing to continue as co-compiler of this feature. Please note the following changes: relevant records will be very welcome, and should be sent or telephoned to Barry Nightingale, 7 Bloomsbury Close, Woburn, Bedfordshire MKI7 9QS; telephone Woburn (0525) 290314 (evenings); Luton (0582) 490049 (office hours). Please send all records to arrive before the end of the follow'ing month (e.g. all January records to arrive before the end of February). County summaries in newsletters will be very welcome, as well as records from individual observers. Please send drawings and photographs to Mrs Sheila Cobban, British Birds, Fountains, Park iMne, Blunham, Bedford \IK44 :i.\), to arrive as soon after the end of the month as possible (i.e. drawings and photographs are needed earlier than lists of records). We should like to take this opportunity to thank everyone for their co-operation in helping to make ‘Monthly reports’ a comprehensive and useful review of each month’s events. Eds September reports Keith Allsopp, Ian Dawson and Barry Nightingale These are largely unchecked reports, not authenticated records. Unless otherwise stated, dates refer to September 1988. The month began with a spell of very unsettled westerly weather. A depression centred off the west coast of Scotland brought strong-to-gale force northwest-to-westerly winds across Britain and Ireland, especially on 2nd. In the north of Scotland, the winds were, however, from the southeast, with occluded frontal conditions. Pressure increased over the near-Continent after 5th, and warm southerly air arrived until lOth. when an anticyclone to the west developed and winds turned to the north, bringing much colder conditions. Wet windy westerly weather resumed after 20th and continued until the end of the month. Rare inshore seabird movements 22. Long-tailed Skua Stercorarius longicaudus, Shetland, September 1988 [John Coutts) Monthly reports: September 41 23. Long-tailed Skua Stercorarius lon^caiuius, Shetland, September 1988 {John Coulls) A Long-tailed Skua Stercorarius longicoudus has often been the prize bird of a long and uncomfortable seawatch, and, although they have been identified with increasing regularity as telescopes have become easier to use, they are still an unusual find. The recording of 44 in five hours off Brough of Birsay (Orkney) and a total of 82 at North Ronaldsay (Orkney) over 18th and 19th was, therefore, most exceptional. Obserxers in Shetland, alerted by these reports, had recorded 70 by the end of the month (plates 22 & 23), with a further 19 reports coming from Fair Isle in the same period. Five had been seen earlier off Cley (Norfolk) on 13th, and there was a total of 13 singles prior to 18th on other seawatches. Favourable winds on 24th brought 21 Long-tailed Skuas inshore past Hartlepool (Cleveland) and 18 were seen at Whitburn (Tyne & Wear) on 30th, indicating some movement into the North Sea, but not farther south into the English Channel. Exceptional numbers were also off Ireland, with four off Bridges of Ross (Co. Clare) on 2nd and seven there on 28th. Several days of disturbed weather west of Iceland before 18th may have deflected these pelagic migrants eastwards. Pomarine Skuas S. pomarinus are an expected migrant in the North Sea, but they too were more numerous, with maximum counts of 51 at Filey Brigg (North Yorkshire) on 24th, 43 at Hartlepool on 23rd, and 36 at Hound Point (Lothian) on 2nd. On 28th, there were 100 Pomarines off Bridges of Ross and 15 off Ramore Head (Co. Antrim). Further indicators of unusual seabird movements were reported sightings of two White-faced Petrels Pelago- droma marina at Turnberry Point (Strathclyde) on 4th, a Bulwer’s Petrel Bulweria bulwerii at Strumble Head (Dyfed) on 13th and a Herald Petrel Pterodroma arminjoniana at Pendeen (Cornwall) on 28th. Divers to wildfowl Very few large shearwaters were seen: two Cory’s Caloneclris diomedea and two small moxements of Great Shearwaters Puffinus grains totalling 17, all in the West Countiy. Sooty Shearwaters P. griseus were noted as scarce in Shetland, but 32 were seen at Spurn Point (Humberside) on 14th, 33 at St Ives (Cornwall) on 23rd and a verv large movement at Pendeen (Cornwall) on 28th, when 705 were logged. Manx Shearwaters P. puffinus were frequently driven inland by 42 the strong winds, some 30 being reported. Notable finds were Little Shearwaters P. assimili.s at Hinkley Point (Somerset) on 2nd and at Hornsea (Humberside) on 14th. Storm Petrels Hydrobates pelagicu.s were re- ported only on 1st in Devon and Cornwall, when 100 were seen ofT Porthgwarra. In contrast, five Leach’s Petrels Oceanodroma leucorhoa were stonn-driven inland (plates 27 & 28), and many were pushed onshore in Liverpool Bay, 81 being seen from the Great Orme (Gwynedd) on 13th and, in other Irish ■Sea areas, 130 at Ramore Head and 106 at Strumble Head (Dyfed). By mid month, geese Amer/ Branla were beginning to return lor the winter, and, of “the Nearctic ducks reported, only a Blue-winged Teal discors at Stithians Reservoir (Ciomwall) from 14th to 27th (plate 33) was a likely new arrival. Birds of prey \'ery few raptors were noted on the move: only Ospreys Pandion haliaetus were noted early in the month passing through Kng- land, and a Red-footed Falcon Falco vesper- lirius remained at Longtown (Caimbria) from 3th to 1 1 th. Wading birds Spotted Crakes Porzana porzana were dis- covered at seven localities, quite a lot for this elusive species, and also notable were Corncrakes Crex crex at Prawle Point (De- von) on lOth and at Helmingham (.Su(Tblk) on lltb; and a Crane Grus ^rus visited Killington (Cumbria) on 25lh (plate 24). Apart from Sociable Plovers Chettusia pre- garia consorting with Lapwings Vanellus vanel- lus near Pitsford Resersoir (Northam|)ton- shire) from 18th to 25th and at Litchwell (Norfolk) oti 25lh, all notable finds were of Nearctic species. Of the four re|iorts of American Golden Plover Ptuvudis doiriiiiica, three were (rom Orkney and Shetland from 21st and the other at (ihurch Norton (West Sussex) on 15th. 'Lwo Semipalmated Sand- pipers Calidris pusilla were in Ireland, another was at Bude (Cornwall) on 28th, and a Western Sandpiper C. mauri "Was carefully identified in Shetland on 25th. Four White-rumped Sandpipers C. Juscicol- lis were found after 21st, eight Baird’s Sandpipers C. bairdii (plate 35) early in the month, 31 Pectoral Sandpipers C. melanotos (plate 25), with three together at Lacumshin (Co. Wexford), only four Buff-breasted Sandpijjers Tryngites subnificollis, a Hudson- ian Godwit I.imosa haemastica at Collieston (Grampian) on 26th, four reports of Lesser Yellowlegs Tringa flavipes, a Solitary Sand- piper T. solitaria, two Spotted Sandpipers Actilis macularia and seven Wilson’s Phalar- opes Phalaropus tricolor. Following the August influx of Curlew Sandpipers Calidris femi- ginea. over 100 had collected at Minsmere by the middle of .September, flocks of up to 80 in Ireland were a rare sight and 92 at Dawlish (Devon) on 10th was excejjtional. Only three Red-necked Phalaropes Phalar- opus lobatus were found o(T course, but 30 Grey Phalaropes P. Julie arius (plate 32) were dri\'en inshore by the storms, with a further five resting on inland waters. Gulls to terns A Laughing Gull Parus atricilla stayed at Burnham-on-Sea (Somerset) from 2nd to 24th (plate 26), and Ring-billed Gulls /,. 24. Crane Grus grus, Cumbria, September 1988 (B. .Marsh) Monthly reports: September 43 25. Pectoral Sandpiper Calidm melanotos. Mid Glamorgan, September I98H {Howard NicholLs) delawarenxis were found at Stilbians Reservoir and at Newton Beach (West (Jlamorgan). Another species afTected by tlie storms was Sabine’s Gull /,. sabinr, of the 90 reported sightings in Britain (plates 29 & ;10), three were inland, with two together at Ghew Valley Lake (Avon), and in Ireland an additional 47 were seen. At Cdiew Valley Lake, a huge (lock of 450 Black Terns Chlidonias niger was presetit on 7th and White-winged Black Terns C. leucoptenis called in at Dungeness on 7th, Fairburn Ings (West \’orkshire) on 8th and Staunton Harold Reservoir (Derbyshire) on 24lh and 25th. Owls to pas.serines A not so Common Nighthawk Chordeiles minor was reported from Woolston F.yes Nature Reserve (Cheshire) on 1 1th and Bee- eaters Xterops apiaster performed exotically in North Norfolk and at Dungeness at the beginning of the month. Wrynecks jynx torquilla were prominent in the fall species which reached Orkney and Shetland after 2nd, with 32 being found on North Ronald- say, six reaching the Isles of Scilly on 8th and singles being found until 18th. Four Richard’s Pipits Anthus novaeseelandiae arrived late in the month, but the 12 Tawny Pipits .4. campestris arrived mainly on the warm southerlies at the beginning, as did Citrine Wagtails Molacilla citreola in Orkney on 7th and on Fair Isle on 8th. On this last date, a notable find was an Isabelline Wheatear Oenanthe isabelliiia at Kenfig (Mid (Glamorgan) (plate 34). .\ Moustached Warbler Acrocephalus melanopogon graced Slapton (Devon) on 19th, and Hippolais warblers featured in passerine (alls: Booted Warblers Hippolais caligala were (bund on South Ronaldsay (Orkney) on 3rd and at Pegwell (Kent) on 21st, 35 Icterine Warb- lers H. irterina were noted widely (plate 31), but the eight Melodious Warblers H. poly- glolta were all in southwest England and Ireland. Barred W'arblers Sylvia nisoria were more numerous than in recent autumns. Yellow-browed Warblers Phylloscopus hiorria- lus put in an early appearance, 18 arriving between 14th and 30th, with seven Red- breasted Flycatchers b'icedula parx'a mainly earlier, between 4th and 2 1st. Orkney. Fair Isle and Shetland were landfall for many Red-backed Shrikes Ixuiius coUurio early in the month. Fhereafter, singles were found farther south, with similar patterns holding for Scarlet Rosefinches Carpodacus erylhrinus and Ortolan Buntings Emberiza hortulana. \ notable passage of Siskins CardueUs spinus was recorded at Spurn Point all month, with a maximum daily count of 175. Fhe arrival of Nearctic passerines started on 25th, with a ver\ brief view of an unmistakable Amer- ican Robin Turdus migralorius on the Isle of Wight; followed by six Red-eyed Vireos I’ireo oUvaceus, with two on Lundy (Devon) on 28th, one and then two together on Clape Clear Island (C’o. Cork), and singles at Lowestoft (Suffolk) on 29th and Porth- gwarra on 29th to 30th; a Northern Parula Panda americana at Portland (Dorset) on 30th; and a Northern Oriole Iclents galbida also on 30th on Benbecula (Western Isles). 26. Laughing (iull Imuls atricilla, Somerset, September 1988 (/?. _/. Mellis) 44 Monthly reports: September 27. Leach’s Petrel Oceanodroma leucorhoa, Oxfordshire, September 1988 {Andrew V. Moon) 28. Leach’:^ Petrel Oceanodroma leucorhoa, Bedfordshire, September 1988 {Royal Aerospace Establishment) 29. Sabine’s Gull Imcus sabini, Lancashire, September 1988 {Steve Young) 30. Sabine’s Gull Earns sabini, Avon, September 1988 {Brian Thomas) 31. Icterine Warbler Hippolais klerina, SufToIk, September 1988 (R. J. Mellis) 32. Grey Phalarope Phalaropus fulicarius, Merseyside, September 1988 (Stei>e Young) 33. Blue-winged Teal .4noj discors, Cornwall, September 1988 {S. C.' Hutchings) 46 Monthly reports: September 34. Isabelline VVheatear Oenanthe isabellina. Mid Glamorgan, September 1988 {Howard Nicholls) 35. Baird’s Sandpiper Calidris bairdii, Cornwall, September 1988 (5. C. Hutchings) Recent reports This summary covers the period 14th November 1988 to 2nd January 1989 These are unchecked reports, not authenticated records Bewick’s Swan Cygnus columbianus Adult of nominate race, Durleigh Reservoir (Somer- set), several dates from 27th November. Snow Goose Anser caerulescens Aberlady (Lothian), lltli-13th December. American Wigeon Anas americana 'I'heale (iravel-pits (Berkshire), pair from 29th December. Lesser Scaup Aylhya qffinis I.ough Neagh (Northern Ireland), 29th December. White-tailed Eagle Haliaeetus albicilla Shep- pey (Kent), from 19th November; Orford (SulToIk), from around 12th December. Laughing Gull Imtus atricilla Lurgan (Go. Down), 29th-31st December. Hoopoe IJpiipa epops Frensham (Sussex), from 14th December; Melbray (Cumbria), from 18th December. Waxwing Rombycilla gamdus Small parties in many areas throughout, but concentrations of over 100 still present in Scotland and northern England in January. American Robin Turdus migratorius Inver- bervie (Grampian), 23rd-28th December. Arctic Redpoll Carduelis homemanni Car- noustie (Fayside), 30th December to 1st January. MARK BEAMAN STEVE MADGE NIGEL REDMAN IAIN ROBERTSON BIRDWATCHING HOLIDAYS 1989 ARGENTINA • AUSTRALIA • BORNEO & THE MALAY PENINSULA • BRAZIL COSTA RICA • ECUADOR • ETHIOPIA • THE GALAPAGOS • HUNGARY ISRAEL • KENYA • MADAGASCAR • MONGOLIA & EASTERN SIBERIA MOROCCO • NAMIBIA, THE CAPE & NATAL • NEW GUINEA & NORTHERN INDIA PERU • POLAND • SIKKIM, DARJEELING & ASSAM • SOUTHERN INDIA & THE ANDAMANS • THAILAND • TURKEY • TURKESTAN & THE CAUCASUS VENEZUELA • YEMEN • ZIMBABWE & THE OKAVANGO PLUS ANTARCTICA, THE FALKLANDS & SOUTH GEORGIA For our brochure please contact: BIRDQUEST Ltd., Two Jays, Kemple End, Birdy Brow, Stonyhurst, Lancashire BB6 9QY. Tel: 025486 317. TurkfN and Orcnr Holidays for the diaccming nataimlist 1989 TURKISH BIRDWATCHING — Leaders Chris Slade, Gerard Gorman CENTRAL Sc SOUTHERN TURKEY 18 davs May EASTERN TURKEY 19 days. May, June, August NORTH TURKEY & N. GREECE 16 days August CENTRAL TURKEY & BOSPHORUS MIGRATION 18 days September BOSPHORUS MIGRATION 1 1 days September Also Budget Camping Tours available from £320. HUNGARY THE HUNGARIAN ORNITHOLOGICAL SOCIETY BIRDWATCHING TOUR FOR 1989 KISKUNSAG LAKES 1 1 days May HORTOBAGY MIGRATION II days August CHRIS L. SLADE 8 The Grange, Elmdon Park, Solihull, West Midlands B92 9EL. Tel: 021-742 5420/021-705 5535. Telex: 337000 JBSOL _ Agents for Regent Holidays (U.K.) Ltd.'S lATA, ABTA, ATOL 856 § “After AO years active bird-watching / was still able to see 72 new species, many of them rarely seen outside Israel" K.B., Essex A member of the 1988 Birdwatching Toot i BIRDWATCHING SPONSORED-PACKAGE TOURS OF ISRAEL 1989 For the Spring migration 2nd-16th APRIL For the Autumn migration 3rd-17th SEPTEMBER SEND FOR THE COLOUR BROCHURE which gives itineraries and full details and lists some of the species you can expect to see at each site To: THE ANGLO-ISRAEL ASSOCIATION (Tour Organizer) 9 Bentinck Street, London W1 M 5RP Telephone: 01-486 2300 The Anglo-lsrael Association is a Registered Educational Charity and a non-political, non-profit- making organization promoting a better urxlerstanding of Israel (D436) Just published: LET’S LISTEN TO THE PASSERINES OF BRITAIN AND EUROPE by Daniel J. PERNIN A series of audio-cassettes of the highest quality. CR02 cassette duplicate at low speed. The songs and the calls of 25 species — passerines plus woodpeckers — can be heard on each cassette. These cassettes can help you identify birds by their song and their calls. No. 1, 2 and 3 available from: HENRY SOTHERAN LTD 2, 3 & 4 Sackville Street, London WIX 2DP Telephone: 01-734 1150 Other cassettes: — The Song of The Nightingale — The Song Of The Goldfinch — Let’s listen to 41 Common Birds Of Britain — The Marvellous Bird Songs. Just off Piccadilly. Mon-Fri 9.00-5.30 (D452) Classified Advertisements All advertisements must be PREPAID and sent to British Birds Advertising Fountains, Park Lane, Blunham, Bedford MK44 3NJ. Telephone 0621 815085 Rates (including 15% VAT) £2.20 a line — average of 6 words £8.40 a centimetre — min. 2 centimetres Box Number counts as 2 words is £1 .00 extra per insertion Replies should be sent to the above address Series Discounts 3 insertions for the price of 2 6 insertions for the price of 4 Copy Date March issue February 5 Please post early to avoid disappointment BOOKS ON BIRDS Catalogue on request WHELDON & WESLEY LIMITED LYTTON LODGE CODICOTE Nr. HITCHIN HERTS. SG4 8TE Tel. Stevenage (0438) 820370 (D449) British Birds is most grateful to those companies which support the magazine by their sponsorship: Sponsors of the Rarities Committee Sponsors of ‘Monthly marathon ’ Christopher Helm Sponsors of and ^ Collins X Sponsors of ‘Bird Illustrator of the Year' ‘Bird Photograph oj the Year’ telescopes ZEISS West Germany XX British Birds has over 10,000 subscribers: a total of around 40,000 readers in 63 countries, and 99.6% of them keep their copies of ‘BB’ perma- nently, for future reference. HOLIDA Y A CCOMMODA TION ENGLAND Tljr Beautiful Geoi^ian Hotel w AiiL. EiccUcdi Food & .\tcoinn)odat)oo Lawns hoh, Norfolk. (0263) 713390 ^0 CLEY 5 miles Bargain Breaks IBB384I ISLES OF SCILLY — ‘Seaview .\loorinir.s’, Si ■Vlar\'’s. Personal ser\ice from resident prop- rietors, 'I'ony and Linda, (^erlooking harlxnir, close to quay and town — licensed — in-rot>m tea and coffee making facilities — extensive breakfast menu — pels welcome. .Mso ‘The .\ft Cabin’ our own self-contained holiday flat. S.-\F for details or telephone Tony or Linda Dinglev on 0720 22327. ' ' (BB677) RYDAL. Three cottages, sleep 4 and 6, weekly lets. Fisher Iloggarth, 52 Kirkland, Kendal. Tel: 0539 22.592, oflice hours. (BB460) COUNTRY COTTAGES between Alnwick & Belford sleep up to 6. Fully equipped, self- catering, available throughout the year. Well placed for Holy Island & Fame Islands, Cheviot Hills and many places of natural beauty. S..-\.E.: Lady Gadsden, 606 Gilbert House, Barbican, London EC2Y8BD. Tel: 01 -6.38 9968. (BB623) ISLES OF SCILLY, The Wheelhouse, St. Marys. Licensed Guest House. Open all year round, good food and comfortable surroundings next to the log count venue. Tel: 0720 22719. ' (BB536) 15TH C. COACHING INN midway Ross/ Hereford amidst gentle wooded hills, two fields from River Wye. .\ comfortable and infonnal place wtih proper emphasis on real food, real ales and civilised prices. Log fires. C..H. 15 bedrooms inc. four poster, all en-suite, tea/ colfee, colour T.\'., Radio, Hair Drvers, Trouser Presses elc, Figon Ronay, Relais Routier, E. T.B. Three Crowns, .^..A. and R..A.C. 2 Stars. Chami- ing self catering cottages also available. .Apply the Green Man Inn, Fownhope, Hereford HRl 4PE. Tel: (0432 77) 243. (BB470) EXMOOR. Peaceful s/catering c/heated holiday homes in National Trust Village. .Marshes, woods and moorland — rich in birdlife. Reduced spring/autumn temis. Open all year. Stamp to Sheila Wright, Pack Horse, Allerford, nr Mine- head. Tel: 0643 862475. (BB652) OLD HUNSTANTON, NORFOLK. Oxerlook- ing the Wash. Fully equipped holiday cottages, col 'IN’, gas C:H. Close Ijeach, available all year. .Mrs Lindsay, 4 Marks Road, Warlingham. Sur- rey CR3 9.SH. 'Tel: Upper Warlingham (088-32) 2013. (BB626) FARM COTTAGES between Holy Island. The Fames and Cheviots. Comfortable, well equip- ped. Mrs Nixon, Swinhoe, Belford, Northumber- land. Tel: 06683 370. (BB631) SLAPTON — Well equipped, self-contained uing/bungalow in '/t acre. Sleeps 4-6. Sea view. Beautiful beaches. Nature reserve. Dartmouth 7 miles. Pets welcome. From £75. Tel: (0548) 580952 for brochure, S.AE ‘Hillcrest’, Wood I^ne, Slapton, Kingsbridge, Devon. (BB704) FARM COTTAGES between Lindisfame Re- serve and The Fames. Comfortable and well equipped. Sorry no pets. Brochure: Mr J. .McNish. Outchester Farm, Belford, Northum- berland. Tel: 06683 336. (BB705) NR. NTH NFK RESERVES Licensed Guest House run by birders for birders. Jean & Tony Bellars, Haydn House, .Avenue Road, Hunstan- ton. Tel: 331 15. (BB633) CHARLTON HOUSE HOTEL, Dawlish. A.A/ R.AC two star. Excellent food. F.xe Estuarx' and Dawlish Warren. Dawlish 863260. (BB542) CLEY. 3 Quality cottages (sleep 4, 6 and 64-2). Quiet. Comfortable. Excellent value. Brochure: (0353)740770. (BB618) CLEY. .Attractive house in village, four bed- rooms, large garden, garage, c.h. .Available all year. Details from Mrs E. .Album, 47 Lyndale Avenue, London NW2. Tel: 01-431 2942. (BB670) EXMOOR for countrx' and animal lovers. Farm- house accommodation, bed and breakfast and evening meal, or self-catering cottage. Details from: French, Brendon Barton, Lynton, Devon. Tel: 059 87 201. ' (BB706) COTTAGES GALORE. We have some 200 delightful cottages in all parts of Britain. .A great variety of individual properties, all inspected. Prices £20 to £50 per person per week. Get our free colour brochure: .Amato Cottage Holidays, 22 High Street, .Alton. Hampshire GU34 IBN. Tel: 0420 88892. (BB714) VTSIT BEMPTON and Flamborough Head for the best in sea bird watching. Spring and .Autumn migrants. Summer breeding. Stay at the Flaneburg Hotel, Flamborough. BB/EM from £38. Two days. Full details, contact us on (0262) 850284. ‘ (BB755) XXI r Churehwood Valfey South Devon Self-Catering Holiday Cabins BIRDS - ARE YOU INTERESTED? 100 acres of Woodland and Coastal Preservation Area, listed as of Outstanding natural beauty' and frequently referred to in handbooks on bird life. A protected area of varied habitat, other Spring, Autumn migration points are within easy reach together with bird sanctuaries of Devon and Corn- wall. Nature conservation can succeed, we have built a number of quality log cabins in this peaceful, wooded valley The cabins have bird tables, nest boxes and large view picture windows (the birds can watch the people inside!) Yes. they have central heating and colour TV, in fact are very comfortable, they have to be for birdwatching families to enjoy a relaxing holiday. There is a licensed shop, riding stables, launderette and good walks, sailing. Dart- moor National Park and the City of Plymouth are near at hand. We are AA listed and Tourist Board graded May we send you our brochure? Churehwood, Wembury Bay, °~ Nr Plymouth, Devon PL9 ODZ. Tel: (0752) 862382 (24 hr) (BB722) ISLES OF SCILLY, .\lincarlo Ciuest House, St. Mary’s. Superbly situated in own grounds over- looking the harbour. Write to: Ciolin Duncan or Tel: 0720 225 13. (BB,503) BARTLEY'LODGE HOTEL, Ciadnani. New Forest. Gracious Georgian 18th centur)' mansion set in secluded grounds surrounded by forest. Superb cuisine complimented by elegant decor. •Ml bedrooms en-suite. Brochure. Tel: 0703 812248. (BB7I8) GARA MILL, Slapton, Devon. Self-catering for 2-6 in secluded four acres overlooking river and woods. Eight detached cedar lodges plus 2 CH Hats in 16th c. cornmill. Near Slapton Ley. T’Vs. Dogs welcome. Free brochure: (0803) 770295. (BB728) PEMBROKESHIRE, Broad Haven, Modern chalet, sleeps 6, 'FV and Microwave. Hildick- Smith, Redmarley Orchards, Great \Vitley, \N'orcester. Fel: Great VVitley 896308. (BB726) IRELAND IRISH COTTAGE. Magnificent situation on Dingle peninsula, Kerry. Sea and mountain birds, unspoilt beaches, countryside full of Bowers, quietness. Mod cons, sleeps 4, £80-£135 weekly plus electricity. (Jerrards Cross (0753) 88.3082. (BB751) SCOTLAND WELLS-NEXT-TIIE-SEA, NORFOLK. Warm welcome, B&B, E.M opt. I.es Routiers recom- mended. I'el: 0328 7 1 038 1 . ( BB635) ISLAY, GEESE. Warm cottages sleep 8, 7 or 2. l.adv Wilson, .\ncala. Port (iharlotte. I'el: 289. (BB673) NORTH NORFOLK. Birders offer, B.B. in comfortable home. .Secluded position in 2 acres near Fakenham — equidistant to all .North Coast Re.serve.s— 0328 2942. (BB644) SCILLY ISLES. Holidav flat. Details 0720 22935. ' (BB651) SALT HOUSE. Modernised cottage overlook- ing marshes. Sleeps 4/6. .S.a.e. Baker, 35 Porson Road, Cambridge CB2 2ET. (BB7 1 1 ) UPPER TEESDALE, Co. Durham. 2 self- catering holiday cottages. Sleeps 4 to 6. Close to National Nature Reserve and other areas of birdwatching interest. I'el: 08,3.340209. (BB732) HOLY ISLAND. 2-bed house, sleeps 4/6. C.H., well-equipped. I'el: 0661 852345. (BB686) NORFOLK, CLEY-NEXT-SEA I MILE. Flint stones (iuesi House, Wiveton Holt. Full C/H, Hike, tea/colfee making facs. Col TV' all rooms. Evening meal optional. Open nearly all year. Please ring for brochure. Sorry No Smoking. Tel: 0263 740337. ' (BB743) THE HOTEL, Isle of Colonsay, Argyll PA6I 75'P. Demi-pension (Private bath) from £30.00. Details, brochures, ma|5 (bird list on request). ■Fel:09512 316. (BB.582) ISLE OF MULL. small guest house and farm in lovely countnside a mile from Denaig \ illage. 2 miles frotn coast. The best of home cooking in the Highland tradition. W rite to Jennv .Matthew, .\rdrioch, Deiraig, Isle of Mull, or tel: 068 84 2(H. ' (BB703) ISLE) OF MULL. A stable convened into 2 warm comfortable flats. Frachadil Farm, (ail- garv’. I'el: 068 84 265 or (0573) 24852. (BB688) GALLOWAY. Hill s, lochs, lorests and sea. Speciality, birds of prey and waterfowl. High (juality self-catering houses, cottages. Hats. De- tails send 30p stamj) to: G. M, I'homson ik Co, 27 KingStreet, Castle Douglas. (BB662) .SEiE PUE’E'INS, skuas, seals and a lot more Private boat takes you among otherwise inacces- sible colonies, A nature-lover’s dream. Full board in castle, or stay in self-catering cottages. Send for details: Balfour Castle, Sha|)insay, Orkney. Tel: 085 671 282. (BB700) XXII ISLE OF iSl.AY, HI’.BRIDES. I'ivt* supt'rhiy e(|iii|)|>e(l foltatJes, opt-n ihrouglioul year. Per- (eel .situalion with views, minutes to rharmini' village. Short drive to R.S.l'.B. reserve at (iruinart. Broehure: .Mrs Sarah Roy, l.orgha Holiday Cottages, Port Charlotte, Isle of Islay, .Argyll. Tel: () l<)B8."i/2()«. (BB(i‘H) DRUMGUISH, by Kingus.sie, near lush .Marshes. Self-eater bungalow, fully equipped, sleeps 6. Night storage heaters. Base for bird-watehing, elimbing, skiing, riding, or touring the High- lands. Winter £7.5 p.vv. inelusive of heating and all electricity, .Summer up to £150 p.vv. Brochure 073081 5307 evenings. (BB710) RIVERSIDE FARMHOUSE. B&B & EM. 2 twin bednwtms with en suite bathrooms. Home made bread atul lann produce. IVout fishing. Details from Prentice, Cockbtirn .Mill, Duns, Berwickshire. I'el: 0361 8281 I . (BB72I ) EEl.ARY ESTATE— MOST AT'I'RACTIVE choice of self-catering cottages and clialets situated on the shores of Eoch Caolisport. While you are at Ellary you are free to go wtierever vou please. There are hill walks, many hxhs and burns where you can fish, numerous wildlife, l)irds, flow'ers, etc. The perfect Iwation for the true country lover. For full colour brochure please write to: The Booking Office, Ellarv 7, Lochgilphead, .Argyll P.A31 8P.A. Tel: 08808 232/ 209 or 054685 223. (BB737) ISLE OF' ISLAY, Locfiside Hotel. Situated on the edge of Ltx'h Indaal. Birdwatcfiing all the year round. Superl) 2 star accommodation with full central heating. .All rooms have private bathroom or shower with wash hand trasin, colour 'FV, radio, telephone & tea/coffee making facilities. Fully licensed. Brochure & tariff from proprietor .Mrs F'ileen McNab, Lochside Hotel, Bowmore, Isle of Islay, .Argyll P.A43 7I.B. Tel: Bowmore (049-68 1 ) 244/265. ’ ( BB740) ISLE OF MULL. Lochdon. Well equipped cottage. .Sleeps f-6. Electricity included. Fishing by arrangement. .Auchnacraig, Ixvchdon, Isle of Mull. Tel: 068 02 486. (BB716) OSPREY VISITORS to Ixxh Garten -t- Aber- nethv? Locheil GH offers BB: £9.50; DBB: £14; or self-eater cottage (sleeps 6) rental £20 nightly, and chalet (sleeps 4) £15 nightly. For details + 150 birdlist, walks, slide-talks etc., write: Locheil, Boat of Garten, Inverness-shire. Tel; 047983603. (BB715) WALES WALES. Coast or countryside, an excellent selection of 300 self-catering famihouses. cottitges and bungalows. Wales Holidays (BR), Newtown, Powys SY 1 6 2A.A. Tel: (0686) 25267. ( BB687) TREGARON. Cambrian Coffee Shoppe. Home cooking. B&B, £8. Em, £4.50. Eel: .Mrs Knight. 09744637. (BB708) 17th CENTURY CH ARACTER COTI AGES in piclurestjue setting, fant.istic views. Sleeps 2- 12. Self-catering. 2 miles Svmonds 5.11 with peregrines, buzzards. Open fires & central he.iling. .\.\ recommended. H. Smith, ( )ld kilns. Howie Hill, Ross-on-W\e. lei: 0f)89 62051. (BB723) ANGLESEY. .Su[>erb l>eachside hotel with mag - nificent views. Ideal centre for bird watchers and botanists in area noted for its lakes, reserves and coastline of outstanding beauty. Come to ■High- ground’ -A.A/R.AC listed, licensed, for warm welcome, excellent hxid and accommodation. Brochure: .Mrs Karen Hayter, Highground, Ravenspoint Road, Freardtlur Bay, (iwvnedd 1,1.65 2YY. Tel: 0407 86(M)78. (BB744) OVERSEAS MAJORCA, NORTH. Familiar Hotel. Half- boartl. S|>ei ial car hire rates in low season. 1 el: 531998‘Oriola' Pollensa. (BB154) CAMARGUE. Secluded holidav ctMtage on fann. Rogers, .Mas d’.Auphan, la- Sambuc, I32(X1 ARLES, France (0 1 033) 90989IM I . ( BB692) NEGLECTED S.E. SPAIN, interesting breed- ing birds, migrants. Small modem house, inex- }>ensive, convenient airport. Details, list. Pel: (0233)628.5-17. (BB664) CORBIERES DISTRICT, upland village, stone famihouse, English owners. .Magnihcent scenery and wildlife; historic sites and leisure pursuits. Tel: 0842 827620 (evenings) or 010-33- 68.69.89.19. (BB73I) BIRD W A TCHING HO LI DA YS DAY TRIPS TO RUnTLAND WATER. Lon- don £17. Manchester £18. Write for brochure to Graham Faithfull .-Activity Holidays Ltd, 3/4 Sheepmarket, Stamford, Lines PE9 2RB. (BB679) BIRD WATCH TO LAKE MANA .AS & WEST ANATOLIA Uiirch 31-Apiil 8 lEasler) £460